CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 1924 082 451 547 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924082451547 HISTORY OF iHAi iiD mmm COUNTIES, New Hampshire, WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF MANY OF ITS Pioneers and Prominent Men. COMPILED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF D. HAMILTON HURD. ILI.TJSTR.JLTEnD. ppiiladelphia: J. W. LEWIS & CO. 188 2. PRESS OF J. B LIPPINCOTT & CO., PHILADELPHIA, \J Lf.Z \^7 ti1 u /17.^ . ■ / Copyright, 1882, J. W. Lewis & Co. J.I M'i )ii' .' YTIoM-i Vlliii k. H. W. L E. C. 462 PREFACE. The province of the historian is to gather the threads of the past, ere they elude forever his grasp, and weave them into a harmonious web, to which the art preservative may give immor- tality. Therefore he who would rescue from fast-gathering oblivion the deeds of a community, and send them on to futurity in an imperishable record, should deliver "a plain, unvarnished tale," " Nothing extenuate, Nor set down aught in malice." In such a spirit have the compilers of the following pages approached the work of detailing the history of the territory embodied herein, and trust they have been fairly faithful to the task imposed. It has been their honest endeavor to trace the history of the development of this section from that period when it was in the undisputed possession of the red man to the present, and to place before the reader an authentic narrative of its rise and progress to the prominent position it now occupies among the counties of New England. That such an undertaking is attended with no little difficulty and vexation none will deny. The aged pioneer relates events of the early settlements, while his neighbor sketches the same events with totally different outlines. Man's memory is ever at fault, while time paints a differ- ent picture upon every mind. With these the historian has to contend ; and while it has been our aim to compile an accurate history, were it devoid of all inaccuracies, that perfection would have been attained which the writer had not the faintest conception of, and which Lord Macaulay once said never could be reached. From colonial and other documents in the State archives, from county, town, and village records, family manuscripts, printed publications, and innumerable private sources of information, we have endeavored to produce a history which should prove accurate, instructive, and in every respect worthy of the counties represented. How well we have succeeded in our task a generous public, jealous of its reputation and honor, of its traditions and memories, of its defeats and triumphs, must now be the judge. We desire to acknowledge our sincere thanks to the editorial fraternity generally for much valuable information, which has greatly lessened our labor in the preparation of this work ; to each and every one who has assisted us in the compilation, and would cheerfully make personal mention of each, but it is impracticable, as the number reaches nearly a thousand. Philadelphia, Nov. 10, 1882. D. H. H. coisrTEJsrTs. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. CHAPTER I. Geographical and Descriptive CHAPTER II. Civil List i CHAPTER III. Military List. Second, Third, Fonrtli, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Begiments 3 CHAPTER IV. Military History. — ( Continued.) Eleventh, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Eigh- teenth Kegiments.. CHAPTER V. Bench and Bar. Atl£inson — Cli ester — Deerfield — Derry — Epping — Exeter — Greenland — Hampton — Kingston — Londonderry — Newmarket — Northwood — Salem — Seabrook — Windham 18 CHAPTER VI. The County Farm — Internal Improvements — Railroads: The Eastern — The Portsmouth and Dover — The Portsmouth, Great Falls and Con- way — The Concord and Portsmouth — Saco and Portsmouth — The Nashua and Kocbester — The Portsmouth and Rochester — The Boston and Maine — The Dover and Winuipiseogee — The Manchester and Lawrence 39 CHAPTER VII. Portsmouth. Motives of the Colonists— Early Voyagers — John Smith — The Piscataqua — Thomson's Settlement at Little Harbor — Mason and Laconia Patent 4,1 CHAPTER VIII. Portsmouth. — ( Continued.) The Church of England — Early Rectors and Governors — Anecdotes of Mather — Settled Conclusions — The Laconia Company — Death of Ma- son — Abandonment of the Settlement by his Widow — Under the Juris- diction of Massachusetts — Claim of Mason's Heirs — Richard Gibson — Pulpit Supplies — The name Portsmouth — Pews and Seating — Early Laws and Rulers 44 CHAPTER IX. Portsmouth. — ( Continued.) The Mason Claims — Theological Movements — Early Clergymen — Cran- field and Moodey — Imprisonment of Moodey — Dr. Moodey's Interest in Harvard College— His Death 52 CHAPTER X. Portsmouth. — ( Continued.) Separation of the Town of New Castle — The Parish — Lithobolia — Prom- inence of New Castle — Prominent Inhabitants — The Sheafe Family — ■ The Jaffrey House 61 * CHAPTER XI. Portsmouth.— ;( Continued.) Manners and Social Life— Temperance— Use of Tobacco— Social Cus- toms — Church Pews and Customs — Observance of Sunday — Cost of Living — Early Laws — The Isles of Shoals 66 CHAPTER XII. Portsmouth. — ( Continued.) The Navy-Yard— The " Falkland"— The " Ranger"— The "America" —The Ministry of Rogers— The Half-Way Covenant— A New Par- ish 71 CHAPTER XIII. Portsmouth. — ( Continued.) Re-establishment of Episcopacy- Rev. Arthur Brown- Dr. Bancroft— Dr. Burroughs— Rulers until the Revolution- Benning Wentworth Sir John Wentworth- Principal Names in the Early Settlement Henry Sherburn — John Pickering — Samuel Wentworth — Sir William Pepperell — The Siege of Louisburg — Champernowne — Succeeding Ministers of the Old South Parish— Emerson— A Church at the Plains —Absence of the Spirit of Peraecution— Witchcraft— A New Church —Shurtleff— Clerical Anecdotes— Revival under Whitefield— Strong Jonathan Edwards— Ministers of the North Parish— The Universal- ist Parish— Various Events— Visit of Washington— ConcluBion..., 75 CHAPTER XIV. Portsmouth. — (Continued.) Military Record gg CHAPTER XV. Portsmouth. — ( Continued.) Churches— Banks— Press-Societies, etc.— Biographical Sketches.... 92 CHAPTER XVL Atkinson. Early History— Ecclesiastical History— Educational-Atkinson Acad- emy — Individuals who have entered Learned Professions 117 CHAPTER XVIL Atkinson. — ( Continued.) Lawyers — Physicians — Sketches of Individuals — Longevity — Miscella- neous — Military Record — Representatives ]22 CHAPTER XVin. Auburn. Geographical— TopograiAical— First Settlers— Ecclesiastical— First Con- gregational Church— Methodist Episcopal Church— Civil and Military History— Petition for Incorporation—" West Chester"— The Opposition -The Town Incorporated— The First Town-Meeting- Moderators- Town Clerks — Representatives — Military Histories —Biographical Sketches ^26 CHAPTER XIX. Brentwood. Geographical— Topographical— Early Inhabitants— Documentary His- tory — Meeting-House — Ecclesiastical History — Congregational Church — Baptist Church- Military History— Biographical Sketches 129 V CONTENTS. CHAPTER XX. Candia. Geographical — Topographical— Names of Early Settlera — Bounds of the Town— First Town-Meeting— Officers Elected— Documentary History — Ecclesiastical History— Free-Will Baptist Church— Methodist Epis- copal Cliurch — Educational — Early Roads— College Graduates— Mili- tary History 137 CHAPTER XXT. Chester. Geographical — Topographical — Proprietors- Early Votes — Petition for Grant of the Town- Names of Petitioners— The Royal Charter— Names of Original Grantees— Early Families— Pioneer Mills— Pioneer Schools — College Graduates— Physicians— Attorneys— Ecclesiastical History — The Presbyterian Church — The Congregational Church— Baptist Church— The Methodist Episcopal Church 142 CHAPTER XXII. Chesteu. — ( Continued.) Civil and Military, — Incorporation of the Town— Original Bounds— Mod- erators— Clerks— Representatives— Military History — The Heroes of Three Wars— War of the Revolution— 1812— War of the Rebel- lion — Biographical Sketches 149 CHAPTER XXIII. Danville. Geography — Topography— Petition for Parish— Documentary History — Ecclesiastical History— Methodist Episcopal Church — Free-Will Bap- tist Church— (Jniversalist Church— Congregational Church— Military History — Biographical Sketches 161 CHAPTER XXIV. Deerfield. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for Parish Incorporation — First Town-Meeting- Officers Elected— The Revolution— Ecclesiastical- Congregational Church— Baptist Church— The Deerfield Academy— Attorneys- Physicians— Early Families— Delegates to Provincial Con- gress—Representatives and Town Clerks, 1789 to 1882— Biographical Sketches 164 CHAPTER XXV. Derry. Geographical — The Pinkerton Academy- Adams Female Academy — Banks- Post-Offices and Postmasters— Derry Fair— Masonry— Der^y East Village— Derry Village— Derry Depot— Kit Manufactory— The Milk Business- Mexican War— War of the Rebellion— Londonderry Celebration— Nutfield Grange, No. 37— Press— Town Hall— First Li- brary-Taylor Library— Telegraph— G land Army— Odd Fellowship- Public Bequests— Telephone— Population and Valuation 168 CHAPTER XXVI. Derry. — ( Continued.) First Meeting-House— Methodist Meeting-Houee- First Congregational Church— Ministers of the East Parish— Methodist Church and Min- isters-Ministers of the First Congregational Church— Baptist Society at Derry Depot— Military Record— Biographical Sketches 177 CHAPTER XXVII. Bast Kingston. Early History, etc.— First Settlers— Climate — Education— Temperance — Geological 184 CHAPTER XXVIII. East Kingston. — {Continued.) Distinguished Men — Eminent Women 189 CHAPTER XXIX. East Kingston. — (Continued.) Ecclesiastical History — Congregatioualists — Methodists — Baptists — Adventiste— Free-Will Baptists- Universalists- The Christians-Cath- olics— Representatives— Political — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 191 CHAPTER XXX. Epping. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for a Parish — Petition of the Inhabitants of Epping for Men to protect them, 1747 — Petition in ref- erence to Highway— War of the Revolution— The Lottery Bridge — Petition for the Commission of William Plumer as Justice of the Peace— Polls of 1783— Incorporation of the Town— First Town-Meeting — Officers Elected — Ear-Marks- War of the Revolution — Votes of the Town— Epping in 1804- Industrial Pursuits- Masonic, etc.— List of Representatives from 1775-1882— Military Record — Soldiers of the War of the Rebellion 204 CHAPTER XX5I. Epping. — (Continued.) Ecclemistieal— The Congregational Church— The Methodist Episcopal Church — The Hedding Camp-Meeting Association — Society of Friends — Universalist Society 215 CHAPTER XXXII. Epping. — (Continued.) MiscellaneoiLs. — Native Ministers — Physicians — Public Officials — Attor- neys — College Graduates — Railroads — Banks — Population — Origin of the Name of the Town — Biographical Sketches 224 CHAPTER XXXIII. Exeter. Geographical— Topographical — The First Settlement — John Wheel- wright and Others — Names of Pioneers — The Exeter "Combination" of 1634 — Wheelwright's Residence— Exposure of Exeter to Indian Hostilities— Edward Cranfield's Despotism — Exeter's Resistance to Government Taxation — The " Mast-Head" Troubles 243 CHAPTER XXXIV. Exeter. — ( Continued.) War of the Eevoluiion. — Resolutionsof 1774 — Lords North and Bute burned in Effigy — Exeter in the first armed resistance to British Authority — Bursting of the War Cloud — Exeter in Arms — The First Company 246 CHAPTER XXXV. Exeter. — (Continued.) Exeter in 1776. — Topography of the Village — Industries — Shipping — General View of the Village — Exeter the Capital of the Province and State — Adoption there of the First Written Constitution of the Revo- lutionary Period — The Powder-House — The "Provincial" Jail — The Court-House — The Meeting-House — Prominent Residents — The Rev- olution — Early Merchants 248 CHAPTER XXXVI. Exeter. — (Continued.) Antinomian Xncidents. — The Outbreak of 1786 — Release of the Indian Murderers, Bowen and Morrill — Arrival of George Whitefield — First Reading of the Declaration of Independence — Washington's Visit — The Hoax of 1798 — Annexation to Massachusetts.. 260 CHAPTER XXXVII. Exeter. — ( Continued.) Ecclesiastical 264 CHAPTER XXXVIII. Exeter. — ( Continued.) The Publishing Interest 274 CHAPTER XXXIX. Exeter. — (Continued.) Phillips' Exeter Academy— Robinson's Female Seminary— Banks- Manufacturing- Military Record — Representatives — Biographical Sketches ^ 278 CONTENTS. vu CHAPTER XL. FUEMONT. Geographical — Topographical — Early History — Incorporation — Military Record— Biographical Sketches^ 296 CHAPTER XLI. Grkknland. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for Privileges — Petition for a Township — Documentary History — Other Petitions — Taverns — War of the Eevolution — Action of the Towns — Annexation to Massachu- setts 290 CHAPTER XLII. Greenland. — ( Continued.) Civil History — Ecclesiastical — Junkins Council — American Legion of Honor — Winnlcut Lodge, No. 92, A. F. and A. M. — Brackett Academy ■ — Representatives — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 302 CHAPTER XLIir. GOSPORT 312 CHAPTER XLIV. Hampstead. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for Parish — Names of Early Set- tlers — The First Settlements — Congregational Church — Military Rec- ord — Biographical Sketches 313 CHAPTER XLV. Hampton. Geographical — Topographical— First Settlement — The " Bound House" — Names of Early Settlers— Incidents 317 CHAPTER XLVI. Hampton. — { Continued.) Quakers — The First Mill — The Meetinet-House — Wolves— Watch-House —Purity of the Ballot—" Hansoming" the Church— Forts— Garrisons — Kinging the Bell — The Causeway— Witchcraft— Persecution of the Quakers 321 CHAPTER XLVII. Hampton — (Continued.) First Vote concerning British Oppression- Tea Act Resolves- Provincial Congress-Guard— Committee of Safety — Soldiers' Bounties— List of Revolutionary Soldiers — Soldiers of the Rebellion 322 CHAPTER XLYIII. Hampton. — ( Continued.) Ecclesiastical — Physicians — Incorporation — Original Territorial Limits — Eepresentatives from 1639 to 1883— Town Clerks— Biographical Sketches 325 CHAPTER XLIX. Hampton Falls. Geographical— Topographical— List of Early Inhabitants— Petition of Hampton Falls for a Fair— Grant of a Fair, 1734— Other Petitions- Council of 1737 333 CHAPTER L. Hampton Falls. — {Continued.) Streams and Falls 334 CHAPTER LI. Hampton Falls. — ( Continued.) Churches— Rockingham Academy— Weare Monument— Eepresentatives —Military Record- Biographical Sketches 337 CHAPTER LIL Kensington. Early History— Churches— Church Societies 362 CHAPTER LXIL Kensington. — ( Continued.) Physicians — Educational — Currency — Slaves — Population — Senators — Representatives — Military History — Temperance — Biographical Slcetches 367 CHAPTER LIV. Kingston. Geographical — Topographical — Original Charter — Occupations — Ecclesi- astical — History — The Epidemic 366 CHAPTER LV. Kingston. — (Continued.) Educational — Ecclesiastical — Grantees — Professional Men, etc. — Repre- sentatives from 1708 to 1883 — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 373 CHAPTER LVL Newcastle. Geographical — Topographical— First Settlement — Great Island — The Fort of 1660— Fort William and Mary— Fort Coustitution— Reminis- cences — Prominent Men — The Wentworth—JMilitary Record 388 CHAPTER LVII. Newington. Geographical — Topographical— Settlement — Indian Troubles — The Mas- sacre of " Bloody Point"— Civil History — Congregational Church — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 392 CHAPTER LVIII. Newmarket. Geographical — Topographical — Geological — Manufactures — Churches — Banks — Biographical — Representatives — Physicians — Attorneys — • Soldiers War of the Rebellion— Biographical Sketch 395 CHAPTER LIX. Newton. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for Erection of Town — Revolu- tionary Soldiers — Prominent Names 403 CHAPTER LX. North Hampton. Geographical — Topographical — Settlement — Garrison-House — Indian Depredations — Petition for Parish Privileges — Organization of Parish — "The North Hill Parisli" — Incorporation — Petition to be Released from Parish Rates — Ecclesiastical History — Military Record — Bio- graphical Sketches 406 CHAPTER LXL Northwood. Geographical — Topographical — Early Settlements — Names of Pioneers — Incorporation — First Town-Meeting — Officers Elected — The Revo- lution — The As8oci;ttiun Test — Ecclesiastical History — Cole's North- wood Academy — Yilliiges and Hamlets — Physicians — Early Fami- lies 425 CHAPTER LXIL Northwood. — (Continued.) Revolutionary Soldiers— War of 1812 — War of the Rebellion — Town Clerks 1773-1883— Representatives 1794-1883— Biographical Sketch. 429 CHAPTER LXin. Nottingham. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for Grant of Town — Name- Royal Grant— Original Proprietors— The Survey— Ecclesiastical— In- dians — Revolutionary — Attorneys — Physicians — Early Families... 433 CONTENTS. CHAPTER LXIV, Plaistow. Geographical— Topographical — Petitions— Early Settlers— Ecclesiastical History— Repreaentatives-Military Record — Biographical Sketch. 436 CHAPTER LXV. Raymond. Geographical — Topographical — Purchase of Town — Survey — Settlement — Names of Pioneers — Incorporation — Jirst Town-Meeting — Officers Elected — Documentary History — Early Families — Phyeiciane 443 CHAPTER LXVI. Raymond. — ( Continued. ) Ecclesiastical History— Educational 448 CHAPTER LXVII. Raymond. — ( Continued.) Civil History— Military Record — College Graduates — Population— Bio- graphical Sketch 451 CHAPTER LXVIII. Rye. Geographical — Topographical — First Settlement— First Grant — Names of Pioneers — The First Deed— Indian Depredations — Witchcraft — "Breakfast Hill"— Incidents — Educational — Ecclesiastical History — Petitions 455 CHAPTER LXIX. Rye. — ( Continued. ) Merchants — Justices — Physicians — Town Hall — Military — War of the Revolution — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 463 CHAPTER LXX. Salem. Geographical — Topographical — Early History — Settling a Minister — The Meeting-House — The Burying-Ground— Civil History 469 CHAPTER LXXL Salem. — {Continued.) Ecclesiastical History — Schools — Associations — Manufactures — Military Record 474 CHAPTER LXXII. Salem. — [Continued.) Civil History — Biographical Sketches 480 CHAPTER LXXIIL Sandown. Geographical — Topographical — Early Settlements — Petition for Town Privileges — Incorporation — Names of Early Settlers — Ministers — Churches — Railroad 484 CHAPTER LXXrV. Seaerook. Geographical — Topographical — First Settlements — Indian Depredations — Prominent Citizens — Dearborn Academy — Churches — Civil History — Incorporation — Financial Condition of Town — Military Record... 485 CHAPTER LXXV. Sbabeook. — ( Continued.) Ecclesiastical History — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 487 CHAPTER LXXVI. South Hampton. Geographical — Topographical — Incorporation — Charter — Documentary History — Petitions — Signers to the Association Test — Representatives from 1775 to 1883— Military Record 515 CHAPTER LXXVII. South Hampton, — [Continued.) Ecclesiastical History — Biographical Sketch 518 CHAPTER LXXVIII. South Newmarket. Settlement — Indian Wars 525 CHAPTER LXXIX. South Newmarket. — [Continued.) Incorporation — Roads and Stages— Ship-building and Commerce — Man- ufacturing 529 CHAPTER LXXX. South Newmarket. — [Continued.) Military History 532 CHAPTER LXXXL South Newmarket. — ( Continued.) Ecclesiastical History — Biographical Sketches 536 CHAPTER LXXXII. Stratham. Geographical — Petition for Charter — Documentary History — Civil His- tory — Church History — Postmasters — Representatives — Military Rec- ord — War of the Rebellion — Physicians — Garrison — Biographical Sketches 542 CHAPTER LXXXiri. Windham. Geographical — Topographical — Causes for Settlement — First Settlement — First Settlers — Petitions and Incorporation — First Town-M«eting — Last French and Indian War — Members of Constitutional Conven- tions and Representatives^ 1775-1 882 — War History 553 CHAPTER LXXXIV. Windham. — [Continued.) Ecclesiastical History — Libraries — Schools — Williams' Academy — Au- thors, Books, etc.— Bissell's — Biographies of Early Settlers — Biographi- cal Sketch 558 CHAPTER LXXXV. Londonderry. 1 719 — 1827. Geographical— Name— Cause of Emigration — Emigration— Settlement — First Families— First Land Laid out— First Crops— Allotment of Lands — Incorporation — Encroachers — Location of Proprietors — Dis- memberment of the Town — Earthquake — Records— Fisheries— Indian Histories— Garrisons— Mills— Highways — Animals — Revolution — As- sociation Tesl^Tories-Taverns— Stores— Currency— Schools— Spotted Fever, 1812— War 1812-15— Emigrations— Literature 565 CHAPTER LXXXVI. Londonderry. — ( Continued.) 1827-1882. Post-Offices and Postmasters- Mammoth Road— Libraries — Cemeteries — Rebellion, 1861-65 — Societies — Business — Churches— Ministers- Biographical Sketches 577 STRAFFORD COUNTY. CHAPTER LXXXVII. Geographical and Descriptive— Organization 587 CHAPTER LXXXVIII. Civil List ^ ^g^ CHAPTER LXXXIX. Bench and Bar 537 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XC. Strafford District Medical Society.. 606 CHAPTER XCI. Barrington. Geographical— Topogfapliical— Charter— Original Proprietors— Kates, 1742- -Revolutionary History— Early Settlers 607 CHAPTER XCir, Barrington. — {Cuntiniicd.) Ecclesiastical History— Eminent Men — Civil History — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 610 CHAPTER XCIII. Durham. Geographical — Geological — Documentary History — First Settlements — Indian History — Incorporation — Maj.-Gen. John Sullivan — Ecclesi- astical History 616 CHAPTER XCIV. Farmisgton. Geographical — Topographical — Fii-st Settlements— Prominent Citizens — Early Merchants — Farmiugtou Dock— Civil History— First Town- Meeting— Office i-s Elected— Documen tary History — Ear-Marks— Ec- clesiastical History — Farmington Village — Tlie Farmington News — Societies — Fire Department — Physicians — Shoe Interest — Banks — Incorporation — Representatives, 1799 to 1882 — Military Record — Bio- graphical Sketches 620 CHAPTER XCV. Lee. Geographical — Early History — Prominent Men — Topographical — Mili- tary Record 639 CHAPTER XCVI. Madbury. Geographical — Topographical — Organization — Documentary History — Petition for Parish — First Parish-Meeting — Officers Elected— Eccle- siastical History — Military Record — Biographical Sketches 641 CHAPTER XCVII. MiDDLETON. Geographical — Settlement and Early Settlers — Incorporation — Topo- graphical — Middleton Corners 644 CHAPTER XCVIII. Milton. Geographical — Topographical — Early History — Early Settlers — Corpo- rate Seal— Town Officers — Traditions — School History — Religious Mat- ters — Temperance — Secret Societies — Alms Farm — Mills, Manufac- tories, etc, — Military Record — Rebellion, 1861-65 — Population, etc. — Biographical Sketches 044 CHAPTER XCIX. Xew Durham. Geographical — Documentary History — Ecclesiastical History — Bio- graphical Sketch - 658 CHAPTER C. ROLLINSFORD. Geographical — Early History — Incorporation— Salmon Falls — Railroads — " Sligo" — Population — Highways — Agriculture — Various Forms — Prosperity— Old Wentworth House— Old Pike House— Manufactur- ing — Lawyers — Physicians '■ 660 CHAPTER CI. ROLLINSFORD. — ( Coutinif (■(!.) Biographical Notices 664 CHAPTER CII. ROLLINSFORD. — ( Continued.) Ecclesiastical History — Educational — Civil List — Town Clerks — Repre- sentatives — Masonic — Odd-Fellows — Banks — G. A. R. — Old Soldiers — Military Record, 1861-65 ,. 668 CHAPTER cm. SOMERSWORTH. Geographical — Topographical — First Settlements — Indian Depredations — Documentary History — War of the Revolution — Incorporation of Parish — Petitionee — Incorporation-of Town — Petitioners — Incorpora- tion of Ro 1 1 in sford-Somers worth "Army" of 1746 680 CHAPTER CIV. SOMERS WORTH. — ( Continued.) The Manufacturing Interests 683 CHAPTER CV. SOMBRSWORTH. — {Continued.) Churches — Societies — Banks — Cemetery— Library— The Press — Civil History— Moderators, 1738-1883— Representatives, 1738-1883— Mili- tary Record — Biographical Sketches 686 CHAPTER CVI. Strafford, Geographical — Topographical— Early History — Manufacturing Inter- ests — Prominent Families — Ecclesiastical and Educational — Civil List — Bow Lake Building Association— Military Record — Biographical Sketches 701 CHAPTER CVII. Rochester. Geographical — Topographical — Incorporation — Royal Charter — The Town Names — First Meeting of Propi ietors- First Clerks and Select- men—Survey — Drawing the Lots— Tlie Pioneer Settler— Other Early Settlements — Subsequent Division of Lands — " Norway Plains" — Close of the Proprietors' Reign — Last Meeting— Town Assumes Control of Affairs 719 CHAPTER CVIII. Rochester — {Continued.) Indian History. — The First Garrison-Houses — Indian War — First Battle — John Richards — Jonathan Door — Danger of Abandonment of the Settlement — Petition lor Soldiers — The Old Iron Cannon — Mhj. Davis Defends the Town — Attack by Indians — Killing of Mrs. Hodgdon — Peace— The British Press-Gang 721 CHAPTER CIX. Rocn ESTER. — { Con t inued. ) War of the S evolution. — Activity of Rochester — Town Committee of Cor- respondence — NicholiiH Austin — First Enlistments — List of Minute- Men and Volunteers — List of Continental Soldiers — Prominent Men. 724 CHAPTER ex. Rochester. — {Cuni inued.) Churches — Distinguished Men — Population — Banks — Physicians — So- cieties — Manufactures- Schools — Post-Oflfices — The Press — The Social Library — Representatives — Town Clerks — Military Record, 1861-66 — Biographical Sketches 727 CHAPTER CXI. Dover. Settlement of Edward Hilton — Under Capt. Thomas Wiggin — Capt.John Underbill and the Ministers 758 CONTENTS. CHAPTER CXII. Dover. — ( Continued.) Tbe Combination — Names and Genealogy of the Signers of tbe Combi- nation — Annexation to Massaclinsetts — Names and Boundaries — Early Records 768 CHAPTER CXIII. Dover. — ( Continued.) Lumber Business — Grants 781 CHAPTER CXIV. Dover. — [Continued.) Indian Wars 785 CHAPTER CXV. Dover. — ( Continued.) Tax-Payers in 1793 797 CHAPTER CXVI. Dover. — ( Con tinned. ) Frencli and Indian War 799 CHAPTER CXVII. Dover. — ( Continued.) The Kevolutionary War 801 CHAPTER CXVIII. Dover. — ( Continued.) The People called Quakers — Masonian Claims 807 CHAPTER CXIX. Dover. — ( Continued.) Progress from the Kevolution « 812 CHAPTER CXX. Dover, — ( Continned.) The Manufacturing Interest— The Lower Falls and their Mills 816 CHAPTER CXXI. Dover. — ( Continued.) Town and City Oificers and Representatives 821 CHAPTER CXXII. Dover. — ( Continued.) Ecclesiastical History. 826 CHAPTER CXXIII. Dover. — {Continued.) The Press— Schools , 837 CHAPTER CXXIV. Dover. — ( Continued.) Societies — Physicians — Banks, etc 842 CHAPTER CXXV. Dover. — [Continued.) The War of 1861-65— Military Record— Biographical Sketches 853 Supplement 887 bioc3-i?.j^:fi3:io^31.- PAGE Adams, Rev. John F '. 306 Atkinson, Wm. King 688 Bacbelder Family 331 Ball, Capt. G. T 310 Barker, David, Jr 603 Barker, Ezra 648 Barker, Oilman 296 Barker, Hiram 630 Barker, Josiah H 330 Barton, Chas. C 423 | Bartlett, Enoch 29 Bartlett, Ichabod 22 Bartlett, James 601 Bartlett, Joseph 20 Baasett, Dr. Thos 380 Batchelder, Emery 350 Batcbelder, James 420 Batchelder, John T 349 Batchelder, Moses 349 Beede, Daniel 298 Beede, Horatio between 298, 299 Bell, Chas. Henry 35 Bell, James 32 Bell, Louis 601 Bell,~Samuel Dana 26 Bell, Samuel 26 Berry, Nathan 311 Betton, Silas 38 Betton, Thornton 28 Bracewell, John 876 Brackett, John L 306 Brewster, Charles W 114 Brown, Rev. Arthur 76 Brown, Capt. Jos 366 Brown, Levi v 424 Brown, Bufus 201 Brown, Hon. Warren 344 PAGE Brown Family '. 201 Brown, Elisha R 880 Brown, Dr. James F 159 Brown, Capt. Simon 420 BufTuni, David H 699 Burleigh, George W 604 Burleigh, Juo. A 604 Burleigh, M. 695 Burley, Jonathan 402 Burley, J.C 237 Burnham, H. B 239 Burroughs, Dr. Charles 77 Butler, Josiah 27 Carlisle, Jacob 293 Cater, Ephraim 615 Caverly, Robert B 716 Chandler, Isaac 699 Chapman, Eev. J. A. M 307 Chase, Amos C 381 Chase, Charles K 756 Christie, Daniel M 690 Cilley, Horatio Gates 27 Olaggett, William 21 Claggett, Wysemau 19 Clapham, Cliarles 588 Clark, Joseph 602 Clark, Hon. Reed P 681 Cloutman, John F 629 Coburn, F. W 659 Coggswell, Francis 598 Cogswell, Dr. William 123 Collins, Moses Norrls 34 Conner, Jewett 292 Converse, Joshua 679 Copeland, William J 605 Cnpp, Araasa 602 Copp, David, Jr 5SS CONTENTS. Crosby, Oliver 589 Cusliman, Samuel 24 Cutter, Charles W 2'2 Cutts, Edward 21 Daniels, A. H 615 Davis, Fretlerick H 27 Davis, George W 309 Dearborn, Hon. J. J 167 Dearborn, John •. 3JS Dearborn, Nathaniel ;i.S Demeritt, Joseph L 637 Denieritt, Mark 637 Dennett, Charles 757 Dickey, David W 38 Dodge, George D 348 Dodge, George H 348 Drake Genealogy 425 Durell, Daniel M 589 Duston, Obadiah 482 Eastman, Dr. J. C 31U Eastman, Nehemiah 601 Eastman, Royal 604 Edwards, Jonathan 85 Ela, Richard 601 Eldredge, Marcellns 113 Eldridge, Melburn E 33 Elkins, Bavi.lH 351 Elkins, John 164 Ehv3'n, John Langdon - 103 Emei-son, Joseph 638 Emerson, Luther. 483 Emerson, John 81 Emery, Noah 30 Evans, John C 524 Farrar, Timothy, Jr 33 Farrington, James 747 Fellows, Jeremiah 31 Foss, A.W 714 Foss, Charles A 614 Fogg, M. V. B 240 Fogg, John H 329 Fogg, Slierburne 240 Folaom, John Lewis 236 Folsom, Thomas 2-55 Freeman, Asa 590 Freeman, Peyton Randolph 21 French, Daniel 25 French, Ebenezer 38 French, John 365 French, Rev. Jonathan 415 French, John F 421 French, Jonathan 163 French, Peter 374 French, Robert S 297 Frost, Pepperell 424 Garvin, AVilliam R 680 Gib8on,'Richard 49 Gil man, Samuel Taylor ■ 32 Goodrich, Charles B 2l1 Good-win, D. L 386 Goodwin, Ichabod 101 Gordon, Hon, Nathaniel 291 Gove, Edw. L ^• 51* Gove, John H •, 347 Grant, Charles C 128 Grant, Gilbert A 37 Greenfield, Charles 756 Gregg, David Aiken ^'^ Gregg, Joseph A 28 Guppey, Joseph D 885 Hackett, William Henry Toung 23 Hale, John P ^92 Hale, John P 602 Hall, Daniel ^"^3 Hanson, D "^^^ Hanson, Timothy 638 Hardy, Aaron P Harvey, D L Hatch, Albeit Ruyter Hatch, Charles W Hutch, Samuel A Haven, Alfred M'oodward... Haven, Nathaniel A., Jr , Iliiyes, Charles W Il!iy*s Family, The Herhey, Jacob... Ililliard, Fiancis Hobbs, Dr, Moses L Hobbs, John F HobUs, J. W. F Hodgdon, Moses Hoitt, Alfred Holt, Rev. EiJwin Houghton, Josiah Howe, Phineas Hoyt, James Humphreys, Daniel Huutoon, Nathaniel Janvrin, Joshua .lanvrin, Jefferson Jenness, B. W Jenness, Jos Disco Jewell, John W Jones, Frank Jones, Jei'emiah Jordan, Ichabod G Jndkins, Joseph Kidly, John Kelly, John Kelly, Nathaniel K KtMit, Amos Kent, James M Kent, John Horace Ki-nt, Moodey Kimball, David Kimball, Richard Knuwles, Deacon Levi Ladd, Alva W Ladd, Daniel W Lamson, George Lane, Col. Isaac Lane, Capt. Levi E Liingdon, John Lawrence, JotliMm Lawi-cMice, Samuel Li'ighton, Levi W., Sr Leightun, Levi W., Jr Liverniure, Arthur Livt-rmore, Edward St. Loe Livt'rmore, Matthew Livermore, Samuel Long, Commodore J. C Lord, 0. II Lougee, Isaac W Mack, Robert Clark Manter, Francis Manter, Samuel Marston Family Marf-ton Family, The Maruton, Gilman Marston, W. A Martin, Noah Mason, Jeremiah McDuffee, Franklin McDuffpe, John McGaw, Isaac IMcMurphy, James Melcher, Samuel Mellen, Henry Merrill, Jeremiah L Merrill, Jesse Mitchell, Stephen CONTENTS. PAGE Moody, Isaac P 36 Moor<*, E. B 241 Morrill, Charles E 203 Morrill, Jonathan 13B Morrill, Samnel 135 Morrison, Leonard A 564 Morton, "William H 678 Moses, John F 295 Moiilton, Capt. Benjamin 365 Murphy, Charles M 877 Neal, MoBes L 589 Nichols, Nicholas 387 Norris, Rev. Samuel 539 Noyes, Hon. John W 158 Nute, Alonzo 631 Nute, Lewis W 657 Nutter, William W 394 Odell, Capt. J. E 550 Odlin, Woodbridge 288 Osgood, Hiram 29 Page, Moses between 386, 387 Page, Rev. Jesse 123 Paul, Amos 538 Paul, Moses 859 Parker, Amos A 37 Parker, Dr. David T 636 Parker, Rev. E. L 180 Parker, Edw. Pinkerton JS Parker, Frederick 37 Parker, H.R 885 Parker, Nathaniel 30 Parker, William, J r 30 Parker, William 19 Parsons, Edward 37 Patten, William Colcord 36 Patterson, Hon. George "W 582 Peabody, Nathaniel 123 Peabody, Rev. Stephen 123 Peabody, Oliver 30 Peabody, Oliver W. B 32 Peaslee, Luther D 382 Peavy, George 605 Peirce, T.W 868 Peirce, Andrew 863 Peirce, Joshna Winslow 105 Perkins, B.R 203 Perkins, Solomon J 292 Ferryman, Nicholas 29 Philbiick, Hon.E. B 468 Pickeiing, E. A ^ -... 311 Pickering, John 19 Pickering, William 36 Pike, John Henry 238 Pillsbury, David 26 Pillsbury, Col. William S 181 Pinkerton, J. M 170 Plumer, George W 230 Plumer, William 28 Plumer, William, Jr 29 Plumer, Joseph 657 Poor, Benjamin 454 Porter, John, Jr 28 Porter, John 25 Porter, John 28 Porter, Joseph T 294 Pray, T.J. W 879 Prentice, John 36 Preacott, Benjamin F 227 Prescott, Samuel 136 Prescott, True M 351 Quinn, Patrick "- 538 Quint, Alonzo H 881 Rawson, John 588 Reid, George 37 Reynolds, T.0 383 ichardson, Jeremiah D 757 PAGE Richardson, John A 601 Richardson, William M 38 Roberts, Amasa 598 Robei-ts, Hiram R .' 674 Robie Family. 352 Roby, Jeremiah H ] 423 Rollins, Augustus 678 Rollins, Daniel G... 693 Rollins, E.H 674 Rollins Family, The 551 Rollins, Paul 394 Kowe, Robert '. i:^ Rundlett, James L 242 Sanborn, Caleb T 352 Sanborn, James M 199 Sanborn, John 198 Sanborn, Joseph T 345 Savory, Jonathan 584 Satjvyer, CharlesH 862 Sawyer, Ezra A. J 168 Sawyer, Jonathan 860 Sawyer, Thomas E 592 Sawyer, Luther D 598 Sewall, Jonathan Mitchell 19 Shackford, Charles B 600 Sherburne, John Samuel 19 Shurtleff',Rev. Wm 83 Simes, William 104 Smjill, William B ;.. 37 Smith, Ebenezer 600 Smith, Deacon Ebenezer 715 Smith, Francis Peter 36 Smith, Jeremiah 31 Smith, John H 598 Smith, William 32 Spalding, George B 883 Staokpole, Lorenzo 680 Stivckpole, P. A 878 Stanyan, John Edward 36 St. Clair, Ira 27 Stearns, Rev. Josiah H 228 Steele, David 602 Steele, David, Jr „ 27 Steele, Jonathan 600 Stevens, Samuel Hubbard....." 33 Stevens, Solon 31 Stickney, Hon. William Weir 34 Story, Abraham B 3g Stoiy, Charles 19 Shirt 6vant, John T 743 Sullivan, George 39 Sullivan, John 32 Sullivan, John qqq Talpey, Charles W 532 Tarlton, S. H 54^ Tebbets, Noah 593 Tebbets, Samuel 559 Tenney, William 37 Tewksbury, Isaac ^I'j Thom, James yg Tibbetts, Daniel Q43 Tilton, Joseph 3^ Toppan, Edmund .-. 35 Torr, John F ^^g True, Ezekiel *jk^ Tuck, Amos 33 Tuck Family. The 3Q3 Tiicke, Eben Franklin 34 Twombly, N. >j-^^ Varney, A. H ^^^ Varney, Job ^35 Varney, John R ggg Wwdleigh, Daniel 305 Wadleigh, Joseph B q^~ Wallace, Ebenezer G 7^0 Wallace, Edwin ^51 conti;nts. PAGE Wallingford, Z S i. 889 "Wiirren, Osman B 758 "Weare, John M 513 "Webster, Daniel ,.,.. 20 Weeks, George 309 Weeks, Rufus W 312 Weeks, William „.... 310 Wells.John Sullivan 33 Wells, Nathaniel 603 Wvntworth, Bart 673 Wentworth, Bennlng 77 Wentwoith, George T '. 698 Wentworth, John 77 Wentworth, John, Jr 587 Wentworth, Sir John 77 Wentworth, Toppau 603 Wheeler, J. W 482 PAGE Whipple, Oliver ,•■,- 36 White, John H...... ...1.......'.'.'...'.^.'...'... 592 Wliitehonse, J ndge George L .,..,. 628 Whittier, John .'. 298 Wiggin Family, The.. S48 Wiggin, Josiah B. '..'. 552 Winkle, Daniel....... „.....!„. ...' 707 Wood, Alva ...! .^..! 34 Woodbury, Levi ,. 22 Woodman, Charles , 589 Woodman, Charles W, 697 Woodman, Jeremiah H 602 Wopdman, John S 603 York, Daniel G 304 Young,, Andrew H 872 Young, Charles B 586 IILLTJSTI?.J^TIOasrS. PAGE Adams, J. F .». between 306, 307 Ball, George T " 310,311 Barker, Ezra facing 648 Barker, Oilman " 296 Barker, Hiram " 630 Barker, Josiah H " 330 Barton, Charles C " 423 Basaett, Thomas " 380 Batchelder, Charles J " 332 Batchclder, Emery •' 360 Batchelder, James '* 420 Batchelder, John T between 348, 349 Batchelder, Mary A., Residence of. facing 322 Batchelder, Moses between 348, 349 Beede, Daniel facing 298 Beede, Horatio between 298, 299 Bell, Charles H facing 36 Berry, ^'athan between 310, 311 Bracewell, John facing 875 Brackett, John L " 307 Brown, James F " 159 Brown, Joseph " 366 Brown, Levi " 425 Brown, Rufus " 201 Brown, Samuel E " 200 Brown, Simon, Jr " 421 Brown, Warren " 344 Brown, Hon. Warren, Residence of. " 334 BufTum, D. H " 099 Burleigh, G. W " 604 Burleigh, M. " 696 Burley, J. C " 238 Burley, Jonathan " 402 Burnliam, II. B '. between 238, 239 Carlisle, Jacob " 292,293 Cater, Ephraim " 614, 616 Caverly, Robert B facing 717 Chandler, Isaac " 700 Chapman, J. A. M between 306, 307 Chase, Amos C facing 381 Chase, Charles K " 756 Christie, Daniel M " 590 Clark, Eeed P - " 681 Cloutman, J. F " 629 Cloutman, J. F,, Residence of, " 622 Coburn, F. W • ; " 669 Conner, Jewett between 292,293 Converse, Joshua " 678, 679 Daniels, A. H " 614,615 Davis, George W ■•• " 308, 309 Dearborn, J. J facing 167 Dearborn, John " 328 Dearborn, Lydia, Residence of. " 318 I PAGE Demeritt, Joseph L between 636, 637 Demeritt, Mark " 638, 639 Dennett, Charles facing 767 Dodge, George D '* 348 Duston, Obadiah 483 Eastman, J. C facing 316 Eaton, Oliver between 350, 361 Eldredge, M facing 113 Elkins, David H between 350, 351 ElkiuB, John facing 164 Elwyn,Jol]n L " 103 Emerson, Joseph between 638, 639 Evans, John C facing 624 Farrington, James " 747 Fogg, John H " 329 Fogg, M. V " 240 Fogg, Sherburne " 241 Folsom, John L between 236,237 Folsom, Thomas facing 235 Fobs, A. W '. " 714 Foss, Charles A " 614 French, John between 364, 365 French, Jonathan facing 415 French, Jonathan '* 163 French, Peter 374 French, Roberts facing 297 Frost, Pepperell " 424 Garvin, W. B between 680, 681 Good\\in, Daniel L facing 3S6 Goodwin, Ichabod *' 101 Gordon, Nathaniel " 291 Gordon, Nathaniel, Residence of. " 262 Gove,EdwardL ^ " 514 Gove, John H between 346, 347 Grant, Charles C facing 128 Gi-eenHeld, Charles between 766, 757 Guppey, Joseph D facing , 886 Hale, John P " ,692 Hall, Daniel " 873 Hanson, D " 746 Hanson, Timothy " 639 Hardy, Aaron P between 584, 6)55 Harvc-y, D. L " 236,267 Hutch, Charles W .i...!..facing 306 H:itcli, Samuel A „. " 306 Haven, A. W .". " 114 HaypH, Charles W '.'.'. " 642 Hayes, Martin L " 633 Hersey,Jacob " 540 Hersey, Jacob, residence of " ^ ,532 Hilliard, Francis " 302 Hobbs, J. W. F " 417 Hobbs, J, W. P., residence or ..'. " , 408 CONTENTS. PAGE Hobbs, John F facing 419 Hobba, Dr. Moees L " 416 Hobbs, Dr. Moses L., residence of " 412 Hoitt, Alfred .'. « 860 Holt, Kdwin " 308 Hoyt, James " 394 JanvriD, Jefferson " 346 Janvrin, Josbua " 515 Jenness, B. W " 712 JennPBS, J. Disco " 469 Jewell, John W ^ " 713 Jones, Frank " 108 Jones, Frank, Kesidence of. between 42, 4-'i Judkins, Joseph facing 384 Kelly, Nathaniel K '• 442 Kent, J. Horace " 110 Kent, J. M ., " 160 Kimball, David " 107 Knowles, Levi " 432 Ladd, Alexander H " 66 Ladd, Alva W " 234 Ladd, Daniel W... " 232 Lane, Isaac " 161 Lane, Levi E between 346, 347 Langdoii, John , facing 100 Lawrence, Samuel " 24:3 Leightoii, Levi W., Sr between 636, 637 Leighton, Levi W., Jr " 636, 637 Long, J. C facing 286 Lord, Oliver H " 69S Lougee, Isaac W " 748 Manter, Francis between 584, 585 Manter, Samuel " 586, 5^7 Map (outline) of Rockingham County frontispiece Map (outline) of Stratford County facing 587 Marston, David " 3;ji Martin, Noah " 858 McDnffee, Frank *' 741 McDuffee,John " 743 Melclier, Samuel " 352 Merrill, Jeremiah L " 290 Morrill, Charles E " 203 Morrill, Jonathan *' 136 Morrill, Samuel " 135 Morrison, L. A " 564 Morton, W. H between 678, 679 Moses, John F facing 29.) Moulton, Benjamin between 364,365 Murphy, Charles M facing 877 Nichols, Frederick G " 387 JiTorris, Hev. Samuel between 538, 539 Noyes, John W •. facing 158 Noyes, J, M\, Residence of. " 144 Nute, Alon'zo " 631 Nute, Lewis W '* 656 Nutter, William W ' 395 Odell, James E " 550 Odell, James E., Residence of. " 546 Odlin, Woodhridge " 288 Page, Jesse " VlZ Page, Moses between 386,387 Parker, D. T facing 636 Parker, E. L. " 180 Parker, H. li " 884 Patterson, George W " 582 Paul, Amos " 538 Paul. Moses " 859 Peaslee, L. D " 382 PeiTce, Andrew " §63 Peirce, J. W " 105 Peirce, T. W " 808 Perkins, B. R between 292, 293 Perkins, Solomon J " 292, 293 Philbrick, Emmons B facing 468 Pickering, Edwin A between 310, 311 Pike, John H " 238,239 I PAGE Pillebury, W. S facing 182 Pinkerton, J. M " 170 Plumer, George W " 230 Plunier, Joseph " 657 Plumer, William " 28 Plumer, William, Jr " 29 Poor, Benjamin " 454 Poor, Benjamin, Ivesidence of " 450 Porler, J. T " 294 Pray, T.J. W ^. " 879 Prescott, B. F " 227 Preecott, T. M between 360, 351 Quinn, Patrick " 638,639 Quint, Aionzo II facing 881 Keynolds, Thomas O " 383 Richardson, J. D between 768, 759 Roberts, Hiram B feeing 674 Roby, Jeremiah H " 422 Rollins, Augustus " 678 Rollins, D.G " 693 Rollins, E. H " 675 Rollins, James W " 551 Roliiu.'=, Lydia, Residence of " 392 RowC; Robert „ " 134 Rundlet, James L " 242 S.inborn, J. M " 199 Sanborn, John " 198 Sanborn, Joseph T " 345 Savory, Jonathan " 584 Sawyer, C. H " 862 Sawyer, B.A.J " 168 Sawyer, J " 861 Biines, Wm *' 104 Smith, Ebenezer " 716 Sniilli, Jeremiah " 31 Spalding, George B " 883 Stackpole, Lorenzo between 680, 681 Stackpole, P. A facing 878 Stearns, J. H " 228 Slickney, William W " 34 Sturtevant, John D " 749 Talpcy, Charles W " 632 Tailton, Samuel H 542 Tewksbury, Isaac facing 317 Tewksbury, Isaac, Homestead of " 314 Tibbetts, Daniel " 643 Torr, John F between 756, 757 Tnie, Ezekiel facing 733 Tuck, Henry between 364, 365 Tucli, Jonathan facing 363 Twombly, N. C " 716 Varney, A. II " 541 Varney, Job between 6.36, 637 Varney, John R facing 698 Wadk-igh, Daniel " 385 Wadleigh, Joseph B 385 Wallace, Ebenezer G facing 750 Wallace, Edwin " 751 Wallingford, Z. S " §69 Warren, 0. B between 758, 759 Weare, John M lacing 618 Webster, Daniel »* 20 Weeks, George between 308, 309 Weeks, RnfusW facing 312 Weeks, William between 310, 311 Weiitworth, Bart facing 673 Wheeler, J. W .. 452 Whitehouse, George L » 528 Whittier, John between 298,299 Wiggin, Caleb lading 549 Wiggin, Josiah B (« 552 Winchester, E. U., Residence of. " 56 Winkley, Daniel ^yg York, Daniel G between 364, 366 Young, Andrew H f^^jng 572 Young, Charles E between 586, 687 ,»r/,, 'r-*?^ pelfi -E Z> yy^/ I iai Tirl <. Ti&Aj. ;:**!;, •■ftV^iSirf, / i^^s- ,:< '^^ ?d 'i^'ii ^WA ^T} •~?^-, /\5 o --i^ "■"'/. PJJlc tej ^OJ^ -v.. H'»aJJe't^77- "^"^^w ■-< '\My., "r "O'/^r.jf^ ^—--^,^4 OITTLINE MAP BOCKINOHAM Co HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. CHAPTEE I. GEOGRAPHICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE. Rockingham County lies in the southeastern part of NeW Hampshire, and is bounded as follows: On the north by Strafford County ; on the east by the Atlantic Ocean ; on the south by Essex County, Mass. ; and on the west by Hillsborough and Merri- mac Counties, N. H. Rockingham is the only county in this State that borders on the Atlantic, its coast being about seven- teen miles in extent. Incorporation. — It was incorporated March 19, 1771, and named in honor of Charles Watson Went- worth, Marquis of Rockingham, by Governor Benning Wentworth. There are thirty-eight towns in the county, of which two were incorporated in the reign of Charles I., one in the reign of Charles II., two in the reign of Wil- liam and Mary, two in the reign of Queen Anne, George I. seven, George II. thirteen, George III. eight, and three by New Hampshire. The present civil sub-divisions are as follows : At- kinson, Auburn, Brentwood, Candia, Chester, Dan- ville, Deerfield, Derry, East Kingston, Epping, Exeter, Freemont, Gosport, Greenland, Hampstead, Hampton, Hampton Falls, Kensington, Kingston, Londonderry, New Castle, Newington, New Market, Newton, North Hampton, Northwood, Nottingham, Plaistow, Portsmouth, Raymond, Rye, Salem, San- down, Seabrook, South Hampton, South Newmarket, Stratham, and Windham. Rockingham is a shire county, courts being held alternately at Exeter and Portsmouth. The principal rivers are the Piscataqua, Lamprey, Squamscot, Pantuckaway, and Spiggot. The princi- pal elevations are Pantuckaway Mountain in Deer- field and Nottingham, and Saddleback in Deerfield and Northwood. 1 CHAPTER XL CIVIL LIST. The' following is a list of the judges of the highest judicial court of New Hampshire, which by various changes of the laws has been known at different pe- riods as the "Superior,'' the "Supreme Judicial," and the " Supreme Court," and at present bears the last of these designations : JUSTICES OF THE SUPEBIOE COUBT. Nathaniel Weare, KobertWadleigh,aiidJoseph Smith, 1694-99; William Partridge, 1696 ; Kingsley Hall, Shadrack Walton, and Kiohard Hil- ton, 1698-99; John Hindi es, 1699-1705 ; Peter Oofllii, 1699-1 712 ; John Gerrish, 1699-1714; John Plaisted, 17U0-17; William Vaughn, 1708 -15; Mark Hnnking, 1712-27; Samuel Penhallow, 1714-26; Geoige Jeffrey, 1717-31; Thomas I*ackor, 1717-172-; John Frost, 1723-30; Peter Weare, 1723-30 ; Nathaniel Weare, 1730-38 ; Andrew Wiggin, 1729-30; Henry Sherburne, 1731-42; Nicholas Oilman, 1731-39; Benjamin Gambling, 1734-37; Thomas Millet, 1740-42; Ellis Huske, 1740-50; Samuel Qilman, 1740-47; George Jeffrey, 1742^9 ; Jotham Odiorue, 1742-47 ; Thomas Waljingford, 1748-71 ; Mesheck Weare, 1748-82; Joseph Blanchard, 1749-63; Theodore Atkinson, 1754-76; Leverctt Hubbard, 1763-84 ; William Parker, 1771-76 ; Matthew Thornton, 1776-82; John Wentworth, 1776-81; Samuel Livermore, 1782-90; Woodbury Langdon, 1782-83; Josiah Bartlett, 1782-90; William Whipple, 1783-85 ; John Dudley, 1786-97 ; Woodbury Lang- don, 1786-90; John Pickering, 1790-95; Simeon Oloott, 1790-1802 ; Timothy Farrar, 1791-1803; Ebenezer Thompson, 1796-96; Daniel Newcomb, 1796-98; Edward St. Loo Livermore, 1797-99; Payne Wingate, 1798-1809 ; Arthur Livermore, 1799-1816 ; Jeremiah Smith, 1802-9; Wm.K. Atkinson, 1803-5; Richard Evans, 1809-13; Jona- than Steele, 1810-12 ; Clifton Olaggett, 1812-13; Caleb Ellis, 1813- 16; William M. Eichardson, 1816-38; Samuel Bell, 1816-19; Levi Woodbury, 1817-23; Samuel Green, 1814-40; John Harris, 1823-33; Joel Parker, 1833-48 ; Nathaniel G. Upham, 1833-42 ; Leonard Wil- cox, 1838-42; John J. Gilchrist, 1840-55; Andrew S. Woods, 1842 -66; C. J., 1855. Ira Allen Eastman, Gilmanton, J., Aug. 31, 1849, to Aug, 17, 1855, Samuel Dana Bell, Manchester, J., Aug, 31, 1849, to Aug, 17, 1856, Ira Perley, Concord, J., June 28, 1850, to Oct. 1, 1852. Ira Perley, Concord, 0, J,, July 20, 1865, to Oct, 1, 1869, and from Aug, 1, 1864, to Oct. 1,1864. Ira Allen Eastman, Concord, J., July 20, 1855, to Dec, 1, 1869, Asa Fowler, Concord, J„ July 20, 1S55, to Feb, 23, 1861, George Yeaton Sawyer, Nashua, J., July 20, 1856, to Nov. 1, 1859, Samuel Dana Bell, Manchester, J., July 20, 1855, to Sept, 23, 1859; C. J., Sept, 23, 1869, to Aug, 1, 1864, 1 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Jonathan Everett Sai'gent, Wentworth, J., July 6, 1859, to March 17, 1873 ; C. J., March 17, 1873, to Aug. 18, 1874. Henry A. Bellows, Concord, J., Sept. 23, 1869, to Oct. 1, 1869 ; C. J., Oct. 1, 1869, to March 11, 1873, Charles Boe, Kollinsford, J., Sept. 23, 1859, to Aug. 14, 1874. George W. Nesmith, Franklin, J., Dec. 3, 1869, to Oct. 31, 1870. William Henry Bartlett, Ooucord, J., Feb. 23, 1861, to Sept. 24, 1867. Jeremiah Smith, Dover, J., Oct. 19, 1867, to Jan. 26, 1874. ■William L. Foster, Concord, J., Oct. 1, 1869, to Aug. 14, 1874. William S. Ladd, Lancaster, J., Oct. 31, 1870, to Aug. 14, 1874. Ellery A. Hibberd, Laconia, J., March 17, 1873, to Aug. 18, 1874. Isaac William Smith, Manchester, J., Feb. 10, 1874, to Aug. 18, 1874. Edmund L. Gushing, Charlestown, C. J., Aug. 18^ 1874, to July 22, 1876. William S. Ladd, Lancaster, J., Aug. 14, 1874, to July 22, 1876. Isaac W. Smith, Manchester, J., Aug. 18, 1874, to July 22, 1876. Charles Doe, Kollinsford, C. J., July 22, 1876. Clinton W. Stanley, Manchester, J., July 22, 1876. William L. Foster, Concord, J., July 22, 1876, to 1881. Aaron W. Sawyer, Nashua, J., July 22, 1876, to June 18, 1877. George A, Bingham, Littleton, J., July 22, 1876, to 1880. William H. H. Allen, Claremont, J., July 22, 1876. Isaac W. Smith, Manchester, J., July 22, 1876. Lewis W. Clark, Manchester, J., Aug. 13, 1878. Isaac N. Blodgett, Franklin, J., 1880. Alonzo P. Carpenter, Bath, J., 1881. CIBOUIT JUSTICES. Charles F. Gove, Nashua, January, 1843, to December, 1847. Noah Tibbetts, Rochester, January, 1843, to September, 1844. Ira A. Eastman, Gilmahton, September, 1844, to 1849. Leonard Wilcox, Oxford, December, 1S47, to 1«48. Samuel D. Bell, Manchester, June, 1848, to 1849. George T. Sawyer, Nashua, September, 1851, to August, 1854. Charles R. Morrison, Haverhill, September, 1851, to August, 1865. Josiah Miuot, Concord, September, 1862, to March, 1866. Charles W. Woodman, Dover, August, 1864, to August, 1856. Edmund L. Cushing, Charlestown, March, 1855, to August, 1855. JUSTICES OF THE COURT OP COMMON PLEAS. Until 1680, Exeter and Kingston were annexed to the old county of Norfolk, and their courts were holden at Salisbury, Mass. Of course the justices of the Norfolk court are not included in the following list, although some of them may have been from the towns now in Rockingham County. Until 1680 the Common Pleas, a county court, was held by some one or more of the Council and by persons in the province appointed for this purpose as judges. The names of the latter only are given in the list. The counselors who attended at different times were Thomas Danforth, Humphrey Atherton, Capt. Tyng, Maj. Lusher, Capt. Pike, Maj. Hathorne, Daniel Gookin, Mr. Symonds, Fr. Willoughby, Maj.-Gen. Leverett, Mr. Stoughton, Maj. Thomas Clark, Maj. Willard, Worshipful and Joseph Dudley. The following is a list of the justices : Thomas Wiggin, 1669-63 ; Bryan Pendleton, 1659-65 ; Valentine Hill, 1669; Richard Waldron, 1669-82 ; Edward Hilton, 1661-64; Richard Cutt, 1663-65; John Cutt, 1665-73; Elias Stlloman, 1662-82; Job Clement, 1670-82; Peter CofBn, 1670-74; Richard Martyn, 1676- 83; Thomas Daniel, 1676-82; William Vaughan, 1680-86; John Oilman, 1680-82; Samuel Daltou, 1680-81; Christopher Hussey, 1680-82; Walter Barefoote, 1683-87; Nathaniel Fryer, 1683-95 ; Thomas Packer, 1683-95; George Jetfrey, 1696; S. Walton, 1695; John Tuttle, 1695; Richard Waldron, 1702-6; Henry Dow, 1696- 1707; John Woodman, 1702-6; Theodore Atkinson, 1702-18; Wiiithrop Hilton, 1706-10; George Vaughan, 1707-16; F. Dud- ley, 1707-13 ; John Wentworth, 1713-18 ; Richard Geirish, 1717 ; James Davis, 1717-29 ; Jotham Odiorne, 1719-30; Joshua Pierce, 1729-30; Nicholas Gilman, 1729-30; Richard Waldron, 1730-42; Paul Gerrish, 1730-42; B. Dennett, 1731-41; Nathaniel Rogers, 1737-42; Richard Wibird, 1741-42; Theodore Atkinson, 1742- 64; Joshua Pierce, 1742-64; Daniel Warner, 1742-46; William Moore, 1742-48; John Newmarcb, 1748-66; John Wentworth, 1764-73; Clement March, 1754-75; Peter Livius, 1765-72; John Phillips, 1771-76; Christopher Toppan, 1774-76; Nathaniel Fol- som, 1776-90; John Langdon, 1776-77; John Dudley, 1776-85; Josiah Bartlett, 1776-82; Timothy Walker, 1777-1809; Samuel Hale, 1778-85; John Calfe, 1783-1808; Abiel , Foster, 1784r-89; William Parker, 1790-1807; Thomas Bartlett, 1790-1805; Levi Bartlett, 1808-13 ; Richard Jenness, 1809-13; Daniel Gookin, 1809- 13; Timothy Farrar, 1813-16; Oliver Peabody, 1813-16; Samuel Hale, 1813-16; D. M. Durell, 1816-20; Levi Bartlett, 181&-17;' George W. Presoott, 1817-18 ; John Harvey, 1818-20 ; Hall Burgen, 1818-20 ; Arthur Livermore, 1824-33 ; Timothy Farrow, Jr., 1824- 33; Josiah Butler, 1824-33; Bradbury Bartlett, 1832; Dudley Freese, 1832-42; Charles F. Gove, 1843; Noah Tibbetts, 1843-44; James Pickering, 1843-53; James H. Butler, 1862-56 ; John Scam-r mon, 1863-56. Jonathan Kittridge, Canaan, C. J., Aug. 18, 1855, to Aug. 1, 1859. J. Everett Sargent, Wentworth, J., Aug. 18, 1866, to Aug. 1, 1859. Henry F. French, Exeter, J., Aug. 18, 1866, to Aug. 1, 1869. CIRCUIT COURT. William L. Foster, Concord, 0. J., Aug. 14, 1874, to July 22, 1876. Edward D. Rand, Lisbon, J , Aug. 14, 1874, to July 22, 1876. Clinton W. Stanley, Manchester, J., Aug. 14, 1874, to July 22, 1876. SHERIFFS. The list of sheriffs prior to 1741 is necessarily in- complete. The following list is from 1683 to 1883, covering a period of two hundred years : Richard Jose, 1683; Thomas Phips; Theodore Atkinson, 1729 ; Richard Wibird, 1732; Eleazer Russell, 1733; Thomas Packer, 1741-71 ; John Parker, 1771-91; George Reed, 1791-1S05; Oliver Peabody, 1806-10; Josiah Butler, 1810-13; Silas Betten, 1813-18; Clement Storer, 1818-23; John Bell, 1823-28; Clement Storer, 1828-30; Benjamin Jenness, 1830-36 ; Joseph Towle, 1835-40; Samuel Marshall, 1840- 45 ; Stephen W. Dearborn, 1846 ; Nathan H. Leavitt, 1850 ; Eufus Dow, 1856; John S. Brown, 1856; Joseph B. Adams, I860; Joseph P. Morse, 1865; Caleb Moulton, 1870; Samuel Rowe, 1871; James W. Odlin, 1872; Samuel Rowe, 1874; J., Horace Kent, 1876-83. JUDGES OF PROBATE. For many years after the settlement of the province the county court was the court of probate; an appeal lying to the court of assessments. Subsequently the Governors of the province exercised the powers of judges of probate either personally or by substitute. In 1693, Lieutenant-Governor Usher acted as judge of probate, as did Lieutenant-Governor Partridge in 1699. Prior to 1703, Thomas Packer and Nathaniel Fryer had at different times appeared as judges of probate. After 1703 no Governor appears to have acted directly in that capacity. The following is the list from 1693 to 1883 : Thomas Packer, 1693-97 ; Nathaniel Fryer, 1697-99 ; Joseph Smith, 1703- 8; Richard Waldron, 1708-30 ; Benjamin Gambling, 1737; Richard Waldron, 1737-42 ; Andrew Wiggin, 1742-66 ; Richard Wibird, 1756- 96; John Wentworth, 176.n-7.i; John Sherburne, 1773-76; Phillips White, 1776-90; Oliver Peabody, 1790-93 ; Samuel Penney, 1793-80 ; Jeremiah Smith, 1800-2 ; Nathaniel Rogers, 1802-16 ; Daniel Qookin, 1815-26; John Harvey, 1826-38; John Sullivan, 1838-48; Ira St. Clair, 1848-57; William W, Stickney, 1867-72; Joseph F. Wiggin, 1872-76 ; Thomas Leavitt, 1876-83. REGISTERS OF PROBATE. The following is a list of registers of probate from 1698 to 1883: William Redford, 1 693-97 ; Francis Tucker, 1697-99 ; Charles Story, 1699- 1716; Richard Gerrish, 1716-17 ; Richard Gambling, 1718-30; Rich- ard Waldron, 1730-31 ; John Penhallow, 1731-35 ; William Parker, 1736-81; WilliamParker, 1781-1813; John J.Parker, 1813-31; John Kelly, 1831-32 ; David A. Gregg, 1842-47 ; J. Hamilton Shapley, MILITARY HISTORY. 1847-62; William B. Morrill, 1852-57; S.Dana Wingate, 1867-66; Thomas Leavltt, 1866-76 ; Woodbui-y M. Durgin, 1876-83. REGISTERS OP DEEDS. George Smyth, 1647-53; Kenald Fernald, 1664-66; Henry Sher- bnne, 1667-69 ; Elias Stileman, 1669-82; Richard Chamberlain, 1682-87; John Pickering, 1690-92; Henry Penny, 1692-93; Thomas Davis, 1693; 'William Redford, 1693-96; William Vaughaii, 1697- 1702; Samuel Penhallow, 1702-6; William Vanghan, 1705-17; Samuel Penhallow, 1719-22; Mark Hunklng, 1722-28; Joshua Pierce, 1729-i2 ; Daniel Pierce, 1743-73; Samuel Brooks, 1776- 1801; Josiah Adams, 1801-9; Seth Walker, 1809-34; Francis D. Randall, 1834-40; John Woodbury, 1840-45; Josiah B. Wig- gin, 1846; David Murray, 1846-60; Josiah B. Wiggin, 1850-51; Nathaniel G. Oilman, 1851-52; J. Hamilton Shapley, 1862-64; Thomas Smith, 1854-65 ; William H. Hills, 1855-67; Thomas Smith, 1857-68; Benjamin D. Leighton, 1868-60; Alonzo J. Fogg, 1860-63; Hiram Smart, Jr., 1863-65 ; William H. Belknap, 1866-72 ; George W. Weston, 1872. CLERKS OF THE SUPREME COURT FROM 1700. Theodore Atkinson, 17C0; Clement Hughes, 1717; John Penhallow, 1729-37; .Benjamin Gambling, 1737-44; George Jeffrey, 1744-66; George King, 1767-80; Samuel Sherburne, 1780-81; Nathaniel Adams, 1781-1829; Peter Chadwick, 1829-37 ; Ira B. Hoitt, 1837-63; Albert H. Hoyt, 1853-66; Charles G. Connor, 1856. CLERKS OF THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS FROM 1700. Henry Penny, 1700-8 ; Benjamin Gambling, 1709 ; Richard Gerrish, 1718 ; Theodore Atkinson, 1720; Henry Sherburne, 1729; Hunking Went- worth, 1742; Isaac Rindge, 1770; Noah Emery, 1776-1816; Josiah Sutler, 1816-17 ; Peter Chadwick, 1817-34; Ira B. Hoitt,' 1834. SOLICITORS. Oliver Peabody, 1789-91; E. St. L. Llvermore, 1791-93; John Hale, 1793-96; Arthur Llvermore, 1796-98; William Plummer, 1798- 1802; George Sullivan, 1802-6; Charles Walker, 1806-8; Daniel French, 1808-12 ; Samuel Green, 1812-19 ; Ichabod Bartlett, 1819- 21; Jonathan Steele. 1821-23; Samuel D. Bell, 1823-28; John Sul- livan, 1828-38 ; Henry F. French, 1838-49 ; Albert R. Hatch, 1849- 56; Charles H. Bell, 1856-66; William B. Small, 1866-72; John S. H. Frink, 1872-76 ; William B. Small, 1876-79 ; Walter C. Harrimau, 1879. CHAPTER III. MILITARY HISTORY. The Second Regiment — The Third Regiment— The Fourth Regiment — The Fifth Regiment — The Sixth Regiment — The Seventh Regiment — The Eighth Regiment — The Ninth Regiment — The Tenth Regi- ment. The lightning had scarcely flashed the intelligence to the expectant North that Maj. Anderson and his gallant band had surrendered as prisoners of war to the Southern Confederacy, ere the patriotic sons of Rock- ingham and Strafford were rallying to the support of their imperiled country. Men and money were promptly raised, and the record of these counties during the whole struggle is one in which their citi- zens may justly feel a patriotic pride. The Second Regiment was recruited under the first call for seventy-five thousand troops. The men were enlisted for three months, but before the organization of the regiment was completed the call came for three 1 Same as clerk of Superior Court. hundred thousand three-years' troops, and a large ma- jority of the men re-enlisted for the full term. The regiment went into camp at Portsmouth, with Thomas P. Pierce, Esq., of Manchester, as colonel. Upon the re-enlistment of the men as three-years' troops. Col. Pierce resigned, and Hon. Oilman Marston, of Exeter, was appointed colonel, with Frank S. Fiske, of Keene, as lieutenant-colonel, and Josiah Stevens, Jr., of Con- cord, as major. The regiment left Portsmouth June 20, 1861, and arrived at Washington on the 23d, and went into camp on Seventh Street. While here the regiment was brigaded with the First and Second Rhode Island, the Seventy-first New York, and the Second Rhode Island Battery, the whole under command of Gen. A. E. Burnside. July 16th the regiment started on its first campaign, and received its baptism of fire on the disastrous battle-field of Bull Run. Here Col. Marston was wounded in the shoulder by a rifle-ball. In this san- guinary struggle the Second fought nobly, and was ackaowledged to be one of the best regiments on the field. Its loss was seven killed, fifty-six wounded, and forty-six prisoners. Of the latter, however, many doubtless died on the field. Early in August the camp was removed to Bladens- T)urg, and the Second formed the first of a brigade to be commanded by Oen. Hooker. We next find the regiment on the Peninsula, and in the battle of Williamsburg, where it lost eighteen killed, sixty-six wounded, and twenty-three missing. It soon after participated in the battles of Fair Oaks, Mechanicsville, and Gaines' Mill. At the close of the Peninsula campaign, in which the Second had ever borne an active part, the regi- ment returned to Alexandria, and was immediately ordered to Warrenton Junction to reinforce Gen. Pope. The second battle of Bull Run soon followed, and here the gallant Second added fresh laurels to those already won on many a hard-contested field. The regiment entered the battle with three hundred and thirty-two. Of these sixteen were killed, eighty-seven wounded, and twenty-nine missing. Ten out of twen- ty-one commissioned officers were killed or wounded. Passing over many details in the history of the regi- ment, our record comes to the 1st of July, 1863, and the ever memorable battle of Gettysburg. In this terrible contest, which has gone down in history as one of the most sanguinary struggles of the war, the Second New Hampshire played an important part and suffered greater loss than in any of the numerous fights in which it was engaged. The carnage of those July days is too well known to need especial mention in this connection. The thin and decimated ranks of the Second at the close of the contest showed only too well the fierceness of the struggle. Before the battle twenty-four officers and three hundred and thirty men had responded to HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. roll-call. Of this number nineteen had been shot dead, one hundred and thirty-six wounded, and thirty- eight missing. That battle clothed many a home in mourning in the old " Granite State." All the field- officers were wounded; Capts. Metcalf and Roberts were killed, and Lieuts. Ballard, Dascomb, Vickery, and Patch died of their wounds. Capt. Hubbard was mortally wounded, and was found within the enemy's lines, where he had been buried by brother Masons. Lieuts. Perkins and Converse each lost an arm, and eight other officers were wounded. Maj. Sayles was also wounded. The total loss of the regiment was one hundred and ninety-three out of three hundred and fifty-four. We next find this battle-scarre,d regiment in the memorable battle of Cold Harbor, where it lost sev- enty either killed or wounded. This was the last battle of the original Second New Hampshire, and it was fierce and bloody enough to fitly crown three years of active service. Dec. 19, 1865, the regiment was mustered out of the service, and on the 23d reached Concord. On the 25th a reception was given the battle-scarred organi- zation, speeches being made by Governor Smyth, ex- Governor Gilmore, Adjt.-Gen. Nath. Head, Col. Herr- man, and Col. Peter Sanborn. On Tuesday, the 26th, the regiment was paid off', and the Second New Hampshire passed into history. The Second furnished many officers for other com- mands, and as many of these as could be learned are here given : Col. Gilman Marston wae promoted to brig.-gen., and served with dis- tinction in various commandB during the war. Adjt. S. G. Laiigley was afterwards commissioned lieut.-col. of the Tenth N. H. Sergt. G. H. Lawrence, after adjt. of the regiment, was commissioned capt. and asst. adjt.-gen., and afterwards brevet maj. Q.m. Godfrey was appointed capt. and asst. q.m., pro. lieut.-col., and served as chief q.m. of the Centre Grand Division. Q.m.-Sergt. F. W. Perliins was made q.m. of the regiment, and pro. to fflapt., held various positions with rank of lieut.-col. Com.-Sergt., afterwards Q.m., James A. Cook, was pro. to capt. and com- missary of subsistence. Corp. Thomas E. Barker, capt. in 12th, also lieut.-col. and col. Capt. T. A. Barker, pro. to lieut.-col. 14th. 2d Lieut. H. B. Titus, maj., lieut.-col., and col. of 9th. Capt. S. G. Griffin, lieut.-col. and col. of 6th ; pro. brig, and brevet maj.- gen. ' Capt. Hiram Rollins, maj. and brevet lieut.-col. Vet. Res. Corps. 2d Lieut. A. B. Thompson, capt. ISth U. S. I. 2d Lient. W. H. Prescott, capt. 16th U. S. L Capt. W. 0. Sides was trans, to Vet. Res. Corps with same rank. 2d Lieut., afterwards Capt., S. 0. Burnham, Vet. Res. Corps, rank 1st lieut. 2d Lieut. Charles Holmes, pro. capt. 17th TJ. S. I. Asst. Surg. Biinton, asst. surg. and surg. of the 17th. 2d Lieut. B. C. Adams, capt. Isl U. S. V. 2d Lieut. John H. Lord, capt. in Hancock's corps. 1st Lieut., afterwards Capt., E. W. Farr, maj. of the 11th. 1st Lieut. Hiram K. Ladd, became 1st lieut 18th. 0. A. Burnham, asst. surg. 3d. 0. M. Head, adjt. 8th. John Sullivan, afist. surg. 13th. Jos. E. Jamison, asst. surg. 15tb. W. W. Wilkins, pro. to asst. surg. John C. W. Moore, asst. surg. 11th. Sergt. Charles S. Cooper, adjt. 76th V. S. C. T. Sergt. W. A. Crafts, 2d lieut., capt., maj., lieut.-col., and col. of 6th. Sergt. F. M. Rhodes, capt. Uth. Corp. Charles F. Goodwin, 2d lieut. 6th. Corp. and Sergt. J. W. Clark, Ist lieut. and adjt. 18th Maine. Charles Wilkins, 2d lieut. U. S. A. Sergt. Edwin Young, 2d lieut. 1st U. S. V. Corp. H F. Gerrish, 1st lieut. 37th V. S. C. T., served as q.m. on division and corps staff, capt. and asst. q.m. and brevet maj , and served as chief q.m. District of Northeastern Virginia. Sergt. A.^B. Farmer, 1st lieut. and capt. 18th. Sergt. Charles 0. Howai-d, Ist lieut. 107th U. S. C. T. Sergt. L. B. Adley, 1st lieut. 22d U. S. C. T. Corp. E. P. Jiickman, 1st lieut. U. S. C. T. Corp. J. B. Eeed, capt. 26th H. S. C. T., and maj. Charles M. Chaos, capt. 108th U. S. C. T. W. H. Mix, Ist lieut. 36th U. S. C. T. Corp. W. H. Eourke, 2d lieut. 36th U. S. C. T. W. H. Kurd, 1st lieut., capt., and maj. U. S. C. T. Sergt. W. E. Bancroft, Ist lieut. 1st H. S V. .Sorgt. H. Billiard, capt. 17th John Haynes, asst. surg. 10th. Sergt. Thomas E. Marshall, 1st lieut. 1st U. S. V. 'Capt. John F. Holman, 1st lif-ut. Vet. Res. Corps Besides the above the following served on various staff' details : Capts. Hnbbard, Young, J. N. Patterson, G. E. Sides, Carter, Le Gro, Locke, Bean, Bohanon, Lieuts. Titus, Wilkinson, Durgin, Frazer Maj. Converse, Surg. Merron, and Adjt. Plaisted. Besides these many served on staff duty in depart- ments, to which they were afterwards promoted, who are not mentioned here. The Second saw severe service, and its history is a record of many of the hardest fought battles of the war. The Third Regiment.— The Third Regiment was the second regiment raised in the State under the call for three-years' troops. It was organized in 1861, and mustered into the United States service between the 22d and 26th of August, by Mhj. Seth Eastman, of the regular army. It rendezvoused at Camp Berry, Concord. The regimental officers were as follows : Colonel, Hawkes Fearing, Jr. He however resigned, and Enoch Q. Fellows was appointed his successor. Lieutenant-Colonel, John H. Jackson. Major, John Bedell. Adjutant, Alfred J. Hill. Quartermaster, Arthur S. Nesmeth. Surgeon, Albert A. Moulton. Assistant Surgeon, B. F. Eaton. Chaplain, Henry Hill. The regiment consisted of one thousand and forty- seven officers and men, raised throughout the State generally, Rockingham County furnishing a few, but no entire company. September 3d the regiment left the Granite Hills and proceeded to Long Island, where they went into camp. Here they remained until September 14th, when they were ordered to Washington, and went into camp near the Congres- sional burying-ground. On the 4th of October the regiment moved to Annapolis, Md., and on the 18th of the same month embarked on board Gen. Sherman's flag-ship " Atlantic" for Fortress Monroe, where they arrived on the 20th, and the 4th of the following MILITARY HISTORY. month found them at Port Royal. On the 9th the regiment landed and went into camp in a cotton-field. From this time until the close of its term of service the history of this regiment is a history of many of the severest battles of the war. It participated in the following engagements: Port Royal, Nov. 7, 1861; Elba Island, March 7, 1862 ; Bluffton, March 16, 1862 ; Jehosse, April 10, 14, and 17, 1862 ; James Island, June 8, 1862; Secessionville, June 16, 1862; Poco- taligo, Oct. 22, 1862; May River, Jan. 7, 1863; Stone Inlet, April 7, 1863; Morris Island, July 10, 1863; Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863; siege of Wagner, July 18 to Sept. 7, 1863 ; siege of Sumter, Sept. 7, 1863, to March 1, 1864; Pilatka, April 3, 1864; Chester Station, May 9, 1864'; Drury's Bluff, May 13 to 16, 1864; Bermuda Hundred, May 18, 1864; Wier Bot- tom Church, June 2, 1864 ; Petersburg, June 9, 1864; Hatcher's Run, June 16, 1864; Flussell's Mills, Aug. 16, 1864; siege of Petersburg, Aug. 16, 1864; New Market Heights, Sept. 29, 1 864 ; demonstration towards Richmond, Sept. 29 and Oct. 1, 1864; New Market Road, Oct. 7, 1864; Darbytown Road, Oct. 13, 1864; Charles City Road, Oct. 27, 1864 ; Fort Fisher, Jan. 15, 1865; Sugar-Loaf Hill, Feb. 11, 1865; Wilming- ton, Smith's Creek, and Northeast Ferry. During its term of service the regiment had on its rolls eighteen hundred and eighteen men. One hun- dred and ninety were killed in battle or died of wounds, one hundred and thirty-seven died of disease. Mustered out July 20, 1865. The Fourth B.eg'illieilt. — This regiment was mus- tered into the service Sept. 18, 1861, with Thomas J. Whipple, of Laconia, as colonel ; Louis Bell, of Farm- ington, lieutenant-colonel ; and Jeremiah D. Drew, of Salem, as major. Company A was enlisted at Dover, Company F at Great Falls, and Company H at Salem. Col. Whipple resigned in 1862, and May 16, 1862, Lieut.-Col. Bell was commissioned col9nel, and was killed at Fort Fisher, Jan. 15, 1865. Jeremiah D. Drew, of Salem, was commissioned lieutenant-colonel Dec. 1, 1863. Charles W. Sawyer, 'of Dover, was made major in 1863, and died of wounds June 22, 1864. George F. Towle, of Portsmouth, was com- missioned major Jan. 3, 1865. Henry F. Wiggin, of Dover, was commissioned adjutant Sept. 12, .1864. The Fourth left Manchester for Washington on the 27th of September, under .command of Col. Whipple, and on Monday, the 30th, they arrived at the Federal capital, and encamped on the Bladensburg road about a mile and a half from the city, where they were armed with Belgian rifles, and at once put to drilling. Here the regiment remained until October 9th, when it proceeded to Annapolis, and after ten days' so- journ atthat place they embarked on board the steamer " Baltic," and on the morning of the 7th of Novem- ber landed at Hilton Head. Here the regiment re- mained about three months. Early in January, 1862, the chaplain, M. W. Willis, was discharged on account of ill health. On the 21st of the same month the Fourth with other regi- ments sailed from Hilton Head on an expedition down the coast. The Fourth embarked on the steamer "Delaware," and on the 26th came to an anchorage in Warsaw Sound, Ga. The troops were landed on Warsaw Island, a marshy, unhealthy spot, and remained on shore and on board awaiting the arrival of the navy until the 28th of February, when the expedition started again, and the next day ar- rived within -twelve miles of Fernandina, Fla. Sun- day, the 2d of March, it was learned that the rebels had evacuated the place, and Fernandina and Bruns- wick were occupied by our troops, and' the Fourth was encamped in the town. Companies E and F, under Capt. Towle, were left as provost-guard at Fernandina. We next find the regiment in the battle of Poco- taligo, where it lost three killed and twenty-five wounded. The expedition, of which this battle seemed to be the culminating point, having failed, the regiment went into wii^ter-quarters at Beaufort, S. C. April 4th the regiment embarked for Hilton Head, and on the 29th encamped on Morris Island, within two miles of the enemy's works. On the night of the 17th of June, Company B of the Fourth commenced the first works in the last long siege of Charleston. One man was killed by a piece of shell. For twenty-one nights and nearly as many days the regiment constructed masked batteries, working in silence, no one being allowed to speak above a whisper. On the morning of the 8th of July the work was completed. Forty-four guns and mor- tars were in position, the magazines filled, and the embrasures cleared. Severe labor and want of sleep had so exhausted the men that they were obliged to relinquish the completion of the works they had so faithfully commenced to fresh troops drilled for the purpose. The Fourth joined Gen. Terry's com- mand, and participated in a diversion upon James Island. On the morning of the 10th the batteries opened simultaneously upon the enemy, who were taken completely by surprise. A rebel officer, while surveying our pickets through a glass, suddenly ex- claimed, " By , the Yanks have mounted a gun over there!" At that moment forty-four "peace- makers" rained iron around him. The chivalrous Southerner doubtless left for safer quarters, as he lived to tell the story. The advance was halted by the guns of Fort Wagner, and after two desperate and bloody charges it was determined to take that formidable work by regular approaches. On the same day the Fourth Regiment returned from James Island, and a lodgment having been effected by our forces on Morris Island, the Fourth was selected for its coolness in working under fire to report to Maj. Brooks, of Gen. Gillmore's staff, and in charge of siege-works, for engineer duty. The regiment subsequently participated in the bat- HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ties of Drury's BluflP, Cold Harbor, the battle of the Mine, and its last memorable battle, which has gone down in history as the attack of Fort Fisher. The second expedition against Fort Fisher was com- manded by Gen. Terry, while Gen. Ames, with forces selected from his old division, was to do the hard fighting. The regiments chosen were among the best in the army, of large experience and unchallenged bravery, prepared for the work by such battles and as- saults as Wagner, Morris Island, Drury's Bluff, Cold Harbor, and the battle of the Mine. Every man of the Fourth capable of doing duty was brought into the ranks, and the regiment was commanded by Capt. John H. Roberts. It embarked on the good steamer " Baltic," a sad remnant of the full regiment which had filled the spacious saloons and cabins of the same ves- sel on the expedition to Port Royal. Once more the transports floated before the long line of sandy mounds known as Fort Fisher. On Friday, the 13th of January, 1865, thefleetmoved into line and opened fire. The troops were landed through a heavy surf on a hard beach, about five miles north of the fort. Gen. Paine's division and Gen. Abbott's brigade were sent to prevent an advance from the enemy above. Gen. Ames formed his division across the narrow tongue of land which separates Cape Fear River from the ocean, and moved forward about two miles toward the fort, where he threw up a hasty line of works and made a careful reconnoissance. The bombardment, scarcely paralleled in history, which paved Fort Fisher with iron, continued without cessation till three o'clock on the afternoon of the 15th. The time had now come when it was to be decided whether this, perhaps the strongest of the rebel works, on which the wealth of England and the best engineering skill of West Point had been expended, could be taken ; and this little veteran division, consisting of men from New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Indiana, led by Gen. Ames, had this momentous question intrusted to their hands. Well may the cheeks of that little band blanch and their teeth set firmly together as slowly they move over the sand- hills, with their eyes fixed upon the deadly work be- fore them. A force of marines at first charged the sea-face of the fort, and were repulsed after a gallant fight. Just at the instant when tlie rebel garrison were crowding to the sea-face exultant with their victory, and pouring their fire into the retreating marines. Gen. Curtis' brigade dashed forward upon the angle near Cape Fear River, closely followed by Pennypacker's and Bell's brigades. The movement was successful. The gate and one mound were gained, though the road to the former lay over a broken bridge, enfiladed and crossed by a murderous fire. Gallantly leading his brigade, Ool. Bell had almost gained the bridge, when a shot struck him and he fell mortally wounded. A moment later and the colors of his own regiment, which he had loved so long and so well, were planted on the first mound of the fort. Thus fell the colonel of the Fourth New Hampshire, dearly beloved and deeply mourned by his brigade. Dig- nified yet genial, brave yet cautious, never sacri- ficing lives uselessly, ever ready to share danger and hardship with his men, no infiuence or peril could deter him from doing his duty, or shake a resolution once formed. The one weak point in the MalakofF was the gate. The foremost men now gained this, and were speedily reinforced by the remainder of the division, who crept hastily through the stockade while the engineers were at work hewing it down. The great strength of the fort was in its long succession of huge sand mounds or traverses, thirty feet high, each forming a redoubt in itself, with magazines and bomb-proofs, accessible only over the top or through a narrow entrance. The gate and captured mound formed the base of opera- tions against the rest of the fort, though to any but iron-nerved men it would have proved but a slender foothold, for the rebels still had the advantage of su- perior numbers, twelve mounds to one, and Fort Bu- chanan below to rake the inside of the work. Ad- miral Porter kept up a continued and harassing fire. Now came the tug of war. The dash and first ex- citement of the assault were over ; dogged obstinacy and persistent efibrt to advance in the face of death were the soldierly qualities now called into play. In the narrow limits where the whole division was now compelled to operate, identity of company, regi- ment, or brigade was impossible. Each man must and did act as though success depended on his own right arm. The fire of the enemy was well directed and incessant. A hundred dashes to the next tra- verse would fail, and the next succeed. This desper- ate contest continued till after ten o'clock in the evening, and nine of the traverses were taken. The men were by this time almost exhausted, and the ranks were fearfully decimated. The enemy's fire had almost ceased, when Gen. Abbott's brigade en- tered the fort, and the remainder of the rebels soon after surrendered. The fierce, prolonged struggle was over, and victory was proclaimed by a blaze of rockets from the fieet and the triumphant cheers of the men on shore. The joy of the Fourth was min- gled with sadness at the loss of their beloved com- mander and a number of tried comrades. The regi- ment was mustered out, and arrived home Aug. 27, 1865. Fifth Regiment. — This regiment was organized in 1861, and had one company, D, from Strafford County. Edward E. Cross, of Lancaster, was colonel ; Samuel G. Langley, lieutenant-colonel ; Wm. W. Cook, of Derry, major; Charles Dodd, adjutant; E. M. Web- ber, of Somersworth, quartermaster; Dr. L. M. Knight, surgeon ; Dr. J. W. Buckham, assistant surgeon ; Rev. E. R. Wilkins, chaplain. The regiment rendezvoused at Concord, and October 29th left for the seat of war. The regiment saw severe service, and partici- pated in the following engagements : Fair Oaks, Mai- MILITARY HISTORY. vern Hill, Antietam, Charleston, Va., Snicker's Gap, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Brandy Station, Gettysburg, Cold Harbor, Deep Bottom, Hatcher's Run, Five Forks, and Farmville. The regiment was mustered out July 8, 1865. No regiment in the ser- vice from any State fought better, and few, if any, fought oftener. The Sixth Regiment. — This regiment was organ- ized at Keene, and mustered into the service on the 27th, 28th, and 30th of November, 1861. Company C was from Rockingham County, and Company H from Strafford. December 25th the regiment left for the seat of war, and upon arrival at Washington was assigned to Burnside's expedition. The history of the Sixth is the history of many of the severest battles of the war. No regiment from the State and none in the army won a prouder name or made a more honorable record than the gallant old veteran Sixth. No regiment saw more severe campaigning, did more or better service, or was oftener under fire. Few regiments went through the war with so little internal dissen- sion and so much harmony among officers. Few regiments endured the hardships of the service with so much fortitude and so little grumbling, for they were men whose hearts were in the work of crushing out the Rebellion. When at various times calls were made for the names of men to whom medals should be awarded for gallant conduct upon the field, few names were ever given, for the reason that so many had done well it was hard to designate a small num- ber. Captains would repeat that almost every one of their men might be recommended, but it would be invidious to name a few. The following is a list of battles in which it was actively engaged : Camden, N. C, April 19, 1862 ; Second Bull Run, Va., Aug. 29, 1862; Chantilly, Va., Sept. 1, 1862; South Mountain, Md., Sept. 13, 1862; Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862 ; Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862 ; siege of Vicksburg, Miss. ; Jackson, Miss.; Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864; Spottsylvania Court-House,Va.,Mayl2, 1864; Spottsylvania Oourt- House, Va., May 18, 1864 ; North Anna River, Va., May 24, 1864; Tolopotomy Creek, Va., May 31, 1864; Beth- esda Church, Va., June 2, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 16, 1864; Peters- burg, Va., June 17, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Weldon Railroad, Va., July 30, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., Oct. 27, 1864 ; Petersburg, Va., April 2, 1865. Besides these the regiment was present at many skirmishes and reconnoissances, which are not men- tioned as it suffered no loss. In addition to these there were many days during the campaign in the Wilderness and for nine weeks before Petersburg when the regiment was constantly under fire, and suffered heavy losses in the aggregate. The regi- ment was mustered out in July, 1865. The Seventh Regiment.— This regiment was raised by Joseph C. Abbot in the fall of 1861, and Decem- ber 14th same year was mustered into the service with the following officers : Colonel, H. S. Putnam, regular army. Lieutenant-Colonel, Joseph C. Abbot, of Manches- ter. Major, Daniel Smith, of Dover. Quartermaster, Andrew H. Young, of Dover. Adjutant, Thomas A. Henderson, of Dover. Surgeon, W. W. Brown, of Manchester. Chaplain, J. C. Emerson, of Fisherville. The Seventh rendezvoused at "Curry's Hall," Man- chester, and Jan. 14, 1862, left for the front. They remained at White Street Barracks, in New York, about one month, when they embarked for the Dry Tortugas to perform general duty. June 16th the regiment left Tortugas and embarked for Port Royal, arriving on the 22d, and. was soon ordered into camp at Beaufort. While here Maj. Smith died of disease. They left Beaufort September 1st for St. Augustine, Fla., where it remained until May 10th. In the mean time, however. Col. Putnam and five companies of the regiment had joined the expedition against Charles- ton, which proved a failure, and after two weeks re- turned to the regiment. The first engagement in which the Seventh partici- pated was the unsuccessful assault on Fort Wagner. This was one of the memorable assaults of the war, and during the hour and a half the engagement lasted the gallant Seventh lost two hundred and eighteen killed, wounded, and missing, with Col. Putnam and four line-officers among the killed. The regiment subsequently participated in the bat- tles of Olustee, Lempster Hill, Drury's Bluff, Peters- burg, Deep Bottom (where Lieut.-Col. Henderson was killed). New Market Heights, Laurel Hill, Dar- bytown Road, Fort Fisher. The Eighth Regiment. — ^There were a few men from Rockingham and Strafibrd Counties in this regiment, but no organization. The regiment was mustered into the service Dec. 23, 1861, in Manches- ter. The regiment participated in various engage- ments, the most memorable of which was the attack on Port Hudson, where it suffered more than any other regiment in the army. In December, 1863, the Eighth was changed to " Second New Hampshire Cavalry." It was mustered out in December, 1864. Ninth Regiment. — There were a few men from Strafford County in this regiment, which was re- cruited in 1862, with E. Q. Fellows, of Sandwich, as colonel. The regiment participated in the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Spott- sylvania, the " Mine,'' Poplar Grove Church. The Ninth saw hard service, and suffered severely. Tenth Regiment. — This regiment was raised during the dark hours of 1862, when the glamour of military life had passed away, and grim-visaged war stood out before the people in all its horrors. It was commanded by Col. Michael P. Donohoe, who was 8 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. subsequently breveted brigadier-general. Rocking- ham County had one company, "G," in this regi- ment, which was raised in Portsmouth and Greenland. George W. Towle was captain. The history of the Tenth Regiment contains nothing which need cause any of its members to be ashamed of the organization in which they served, while it is a record of brave deeds and heroic sacrifices of which any soldier might well feel proud. Other regiments from the State may have been through more battles and lost more men, but none ever fought more gallantly or discharged whatever duty devolved upon them more faithfully. With the Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg and Cold Harbor, and the Army of the James at Drury's Bluff, Fort Harrison, and all the bloody campaign of 1864, its history is inseparably connected, and as long as the war for the Union and its heroes shall be gratefully remembered by the people in whose behalf so much was risked, the story of the Tenth New Hampshire will never cease to be of interest. The regiment was mustered out June 21, 1865. CHAPTER IV. MILITARY HISTORY. —{Continued.) The Eleventh Hegiment — The Thirteenth Regiment — The Fourteenth Eegiment— The Tifteenth Eegiment— The Sixteenth Regiment— The Eighteenth Kegiment. The Eleventh Regiment.'— The Eleventh Regi- ment was recruited and mustered into the service in August, 1862, with the following officers : Colonel, Walter Harriman, of Warner; Major, Moses A. Col- lins, of Exeter ; Adjutant, Charles R. Morrison, of Nashua ; Quartermaster, James F. Briggs, of Hills- borough ; Surgeon, Jonathan S. Ross, of Somers- worth ; Assistant Surgeon, John A. Hayes, of Con- cord ; and Chaplain, Frank K. Stratton, of Hampton. There were three companies recruited from Rock- ingham County for the regiment. A, B, and I, and one company, K, from Strafford County. " The Eleventh Regiment left Concord on the 11th of September, 1862, and arrived at Washington on the 14th, and was brigaded with the Twenty-first Connecticut and Thirty-seventh Massachusetts, under command of Brig.-Gen. Henry S. Briggs, of Massachu- setts, and constituted a part of Casey's reserved corps. Early in October the regiment marched to Pleasant Valley, Md., and was brigaded with the Thirty-fifth and Twenty -first Massachusetts, Fifty-first New York, and Fifty-first Pennsylvania, and was the Second Brigade, Second Division, Ninth Army Corps, the brigade commander being Acting Brig.-Gen. E. Ferrero. On the 27th of October the Army of the Potomac started 1 From Adjutant-General'B Report, and Waite'8 " New Hampshire in the Rebellion." in pursuit of Gen. Lee's retreating army, the division to which the Eleventh belonged being in the advance. The enemy was closely pursued and driven from point to point, occasionally skirmishing, without any serious engagement or the loss of any men to the regiment. They reached Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, on the 19th of November, and went into camp, where they remained, drilling and performing ordinary camp and picket duty, until they engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg. The Eleventh Regiment crossed the Rappahannock on the morning of the 12th of Decem- ber. It was not put into the fight until about twelve o'clock on the 13th, when it was ordered to the rail- road, and thence advanced to the bottom of a slope across an open plain swept by the enemy's fire of infantry and artillery, with nothing to divert that fire, and two or three fences to impede the progress of the regiment and add to its exposure. The order to ad- vance, given by Col. Harriman on the right and Maj. Farr on the left, was promptly obeyed, and they proceeded upon the double-quick to the point indi- cated, which was not more than twenty rods from the rebel intrenchments. The position was held by a few companies that had preceded the regiment. For nearly two hours they sustained a tremendous fire from the enemy's strongholds, nearly alone. The enemy were well protected by their intrenchments, while the regiment was considerably below them, and only partially protected when flat upon the ground by the character of the slope. The men were ordered to lie down and load, and then stand up, take aim, and fire. Some, however, were so eager for the fray and reckless of consequences that they persisted in stand- ing bolt upright all the while. The enemy rushed down the slope several times as if to make a charge, but were met with terrific volleys from the Eleventh and repulsed. Every man stood firm and would not yield an inch. After the ammunition was nearly exhausted, only a few rounds being reserved for an emergency, and when there were indications that they might be called upon to make or meet a charge, Col. Harriman gave orders to fix bayonets. Some of the men, by procuring ammunition from other regi- ments which had come up and from the cartridge- boxes of the dead, kept up a continuous fire. Regi- ment after regiment came up, and so the battle raged, the fire of the enemy's musketry and artillery being most murderous and terrific, until after dark, when the regiment was withdrawn. On a single acre, em- bracing the ground held by the New Hampshire Eleventh, as measured by those who afterwards went over to bury the dead, there were six hundred and twenty dead men. The conduct of the regiment on that day was the subject of universal commendation. The general in command in an address said, 'To the new troops who fought so nobly on the 13th, on their first battle-field, thanks are especially due; they have every way proved themselves worthy to stand side by side with the veterans of the Second Brigade.' MILITAEY HISTOEY. The New Hampshire Eleventh were the only ' new troops' in that brigade, and of course appropriated this high and well-deserved compliment. In this battle the regiment had fourteen men killed, one hundred and fifty-six wounded, and twenty-four miss- ing. Of the latter some afterwards came in, some are supposed to have been killed, others were wounded or prisonei's. Many died of wounds not supposed at the time to be fatal. Among these was Capt. Amos B. Shattuck, an excellent officer and much esteemed man. "The Eleventh Regiment remained at the heights of Strafford until the 11th of February, 1863, when, with the rest of the corps, they were at Newport News until the 26th of March, and then went to Covington, Ky., to protect the people from guerrillas and drive out the rebel forces. They remained in the State at different places until the 4th of June, when they were removed to Vicksburg. Here Col. Harriman resigned, and Lieut.-Col. Collins assumed command of the regiment. " After the surrender of Vicksburg, on the 4th of July, the Eleventh with other troops started in pur- suit of Johnston, the details of which movement are given in the history of the Sixth Regiment. The regiment returned to Milldale, where it remained until the 6th of August, suffering like the other regiments from the unhealthiness of the location. From there it proceeded to Cincinnati, where it ar- rived on the 14th, sadly reduced in numbers and strength by exposure to the malaria of the swamps in the vicinity of Vicksburg. The regiment marched over to Covington, Ky., and remained there until the 26th of August, when they were successively at Nicholasville, Camp Parke, Crab Orchard, and Lou- don, Ky., and were then engaged in the siege of Knox- ville. "After a very tedious march the Eleventh arrived at Knoxville on the 29th of October, and on the 17th of November were joined by Gen. Burnside and his gallant little army of thirteen thousand men, who were closely followed by Longstreet with his excel- lent force, thirty thousand strong, and the siege of Knoxville commenced. Trenches were thrown up; trees were felled ; forts were built ; dams were erected on the small creek separating the city proper from North Knoxville, and other preparations made for a defense of the city,. The Eleventh shared all the hardships of the siege, short rations, etc., until the night of the 28th of November, when the rebels made an attack along the whole line, and skirmish- ing continued through the night. At five o'clock in the morning the enemy opened with renewed vigor on the whole front, the object being to capture Fort Sanders, at the west part of the town. Against this Longstreet hurled five thousand of his best troops, who were mowed down like grass by the Union bat- tery. The enemy charged bravely, but it was only to meet sudden death. At seven o'clock the enemy, repulsed at every point, withdrew from the contest, leaving a thousand dead and wounded along the lines, while only ten or twelve men had been killed or wounded on the Union side. In a day or two news came of the victory at Chattanooga, and ringing cheers ran along the whole line. On the 5th of De- cember the enemy commenced a retreat, and troops were sent in all directions in pursuit, who brought in a large number of prisoners. On the 7th an advance was made up the valley to force Longstreet inside the Clinch Mountains, and keep him from Cum- berland Gap. After considerable skirmishing the Eleventh went into camp at Lee's Springs, and re- mained there three weeks. Rations had become very short, some days only a single ear of corn being issued to the men. The Eleventh had drawn very little of any kind of clothing for the five months that they had been in Tennessee, and they could be tracked by the marks of bloody feet while marching. In lieu of shoes, green hides were issued to the men, of which they made moccasins. " The last of February, 1864, Col. Harriman re- joined the regiment, and was received with much en- thusiasm. He had been re-commissioned as colonel of the Eleventh, and had marched over the moun- tains, a distance of two hundred and forty miles, in command of a detachment of six hundred recruits for that and other regiments. " On the 18th of March orders were received to proceed to Annapolis, and the troops, after long and tedious marching and railroad transportation, arrived there on the 7th of April and went into camp. The Ninth Corps, under its favorite commander. Gen. Burnside, was reorganized, enlarged, and made to embrace four heavy divisions. Here they remained, drilling, clothing, arming, and organizing, until the 23d of April, when it began another march to the front. " At the battle of the Wilderness, on the 6th of May, the regiment was under fire nearly all day. At one o'clock the brigade advanced through the Wilderness in good order, in the face of a terrific fire. It passed one line of Union troops lying close to the ground not engaged ; came to another similar line and passed that also, when about three hundred Western men from that line sprang to their feet and rallied under the flag of the Eleventh and joined their fortunes with them. They pressed forward with spirit and carried two suc- cessive lines of the enemy's works at the point of the bayonet, driving the rebels from their last intrench- ments in their front, and nearly out of the Wilder- ness. In this bloody engagement the regiment lost severely in both ofiicers and men. Col. Harriman was captured, Lieut.-Col. Collins was killed, Capt. J. B. Clark and Lieut. J. C. Currier were wounded se- verely, and Capt. H. O. Dudley slightly. Lieut. Ar- thur E. Hutchins, serving on Gen. Griffin's staff, was killed. The command of the regiment devolved on Capt. Tilton. 10 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. " On the 12th of May occurred the battle of Spott- sylvania. The advance was commenced before day- light. The enemy's pickets were soon encountered. The Eleventh discovered a regiment of the enemy dressed in Union blue, detected their character, and at once attacked them. The fighting was terrific all along the lines, in which hundreds of pieces of artil- lery and thousands of muskets dealt death on every hand. Among the wounded in this fight were Adjt. Morrison and Lieut. John E. Cram, who at the time had the colors in his hand. The position of the Eleventh was just to the left of where the Second Corps captured the rebel general, Bushrod Johnson, and about five thousand prisoners. " On the 16th, in a skirmish with the enemy, the regiment lost several men killed and wounded. On the 24th the regiment was under fire at North Anna River. On the 25th and 26th, in picket and skirmish firing, several of the men were wounded. " At Cold Harbor, notwithstanding the regiment was not used in the offensive movement, the battle being fought mainly by the other troops, it was under fire and a number of its men were killed and wounded. Captain Shepard, of Company I, being among the latter. On the 16th and 17th of June, in an engage- ment with the enemy before Petersburg, the regiment lost several prisoners, among them Lieut. Dimick. On the 21st Lieut. Little was mortally wounded while on the picket line. " The months of June and July were spent by the regiment in the trenches before Petersburg, and on the 80th of July took an active part in the celebrated battle of the ' Mine.' Capt. Tilton, who had been in command of the regiment from the 17th of June, was wounded early in the morning, and the command devolved upon Capt. Locke. The result of the at- tack was a repulse of the Union troops. The Elev- enth occupied the ' crater' most of the day, and lost heavily. The colors were twice lost and twice re- taken, and were finally torn in two, the enemy retaining half while the remaining half was retained by the regiment. '■ In September the regiment took part in the move- ments on the Weldon Railroad. On the 30th it moved to Poplar Grove Church, and was actively engaged at Pegram's Farm, where it lost heavily in killed and wounded. Among the wounded were Capts. Locke, commanding the regiment. Currier, and Bell, and Lieuts. Davis, Brown, and Bean, the latter mortally. Capt. Shepard succeeded to the command of the regi- ment, which he held until the 1st of October, when Capt. Dudley returned from leave of absence and succeeded him. On the 27th the regiment took part in the engagement at Hatcher's Run, where it lost two men wounded and the sergeant-major captured. On the 31st, by order of the commanding general, Capt. Shepard again took command of the regiment. " On the 21st of November, Col. Harriman returned to the regiment from his imprisonment, and was cor- dially welcomed. On the 29th the regiment, with the Ninth Corps, moved to the front of Petersburg, where it went into camp near Hancock Station, on the mili- tary railroad, and remained there until the 2d of April, 1865, engaged in picket duty, skirmishing, and preparing for the last great struggle. On the 25th of March the enemy made a vigorous assault upon the lines of the Ninth Corps at Fort Steadman at day- light. They took the fort, but an hour later were driven back with great slaughter and a loss of two thousand prisoners. " On Sunday morning, April 2d, at three o'clock, the grand charge all along the lines, from the Appo- mattox River to Hatcher's Run, was made. It was a great day and a great battle. The division commander having been wounded during the day. Gen. Griffin assumed command, and Col. Harriman took charge of the brigade, while the command of the Eleventh Regiment devolved on Capt. Dudley. About mid- night it became evident that the rebels were evacu- ating Petersburg. The city was on fire at three differ- ent points. Half an hour before day on the 3d an advance was ordered. The troops moved cautiously at first, but hurriedly very soon, and sprang over the rebel breastworks with a shout of triumph. The brigade commanded by Col. Harriman, consisting of the Sixth, Ninth, and Eleventh, and six other regi- ments, marched through Petersburg with bands play- ing and banners flying. The common people, and especially the colored population, received the troops with demonstrations of joy, while most of the rich, aristocratic, original rebels were sour and glum. Se- cession was dead, and this latter class distinctly saw and keenly felt it. The army closely pursued Lee to Appomattox Court-House, where, on the 9th, he sur- rendered the great Army of Northern Virginia to Gen. Grant, and the four years' war of the Rebellion was virtually ended. "The Eleventh Regimentjoined in the grand re- view of the Second, Fifth, and Ninth Corps, Sher- man's entire army, and some other troops at Wash- ington on the 23d and 24th of May. It was the grandest spectacle of the kind ever witnessed in this country. Two hundred thousand armed veterans passed the whole length of Pennsylvania Avenue, the reviewing officers being stationed in front of the President's house. It has been confidently claimed that, in soldier-like bearing and general appearance, no corps eclipsed the Ninth, no division the Second of that corps, no brigade the Second of that division, and no troops those of that brigade from New Hamp- shire. " The Eleventh was mustered out of the United States service on the 4th of June, and immediately started for home, arriving at Concord on the after- noon of the 7th, meeting with a hearty reception in the State-House yard. On the 10th the regiment was paid ofi" and formally discharged. By order of the commanding general of the army, for meritorious MILITARY HISTORY. 11 conduct in battle, the Eleventh Regiment inscribed upon its banner ' Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jack- son, East Tennessee, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Grove Church, Hatcher's Run, Petersburg.' " The following were the officers of this regiment, with their official record, during the term of service : Field- and Stqf-Qgicera. — Col. "Walter Harriman, of Warner, captured May 6, 1864; exchanged Sept. 12, 1864; appointed brig.-gen. U. S. V. by brevet, for gallant conduct during the war, to date from March 13, 1865 ; must, out as col. June 4, 1866. Lleut.-Col. Moses N. Collins, of Exeter, killed in action May 6, 1864. Lient-Col. Leander W, Cogswell, of Henniker, not mustered ; hon. disch. as capt. April 26, 1865. MaJ. Moses N. Collins, of Exeter, pro. to lieut.-ool. Sept. 9, 1862. Maj. Eyarts W. Farr, of Littleton, must, out June 4, 1865. Adjt. Charles R. Morrison, of Nashua, wounded severely May 12, 1864; hon. di^ch. Sept. 9, 1864. Adjt. William A. Nason, of New London, not mustered ; must, out as 1st lieut. June 4, 1865. Q.-m. James F. Briggs, of Hillsborough, hon. disch. Aug. 1, 1863. Q.-m. Gilman B. Johnson, of Epping, must, out June 4, 1865. Surg. John S. Ross, of Somersworth, hon. disch. for dis. Dec. 7, 1864. Surg. .Tohn A. Hayes, of Concord, must, out June 4, 1865. Asst. Surg. John A. Hayes, of Concord, pro. to surg, Jan. 2, 1865. Asst. Surg. Edward R. Hutchins, of Concord, res. Dec. 25, 1862. ~ Asst. Surg. John C. W. Moore, of Concord, must, out Oct. 11, 1864. Asst. Surg. Charles M. Jones, must, out June 4, 1865. Chaplain Frank K. Stratton, of Hampton, res. May 5, 1863. Chaplain Edward T. Lyford, of Deerfleld, res. May 13, 1866. • Sergt.-Maj. Josiah W. Taylor, wounded severely May 6, 1864 ; died of dis- ease March 18, 1865. ,Sergt.-Maj. Jonathan T. Williams, of Sutton, must, out June 4, 1865. Q.m.-Sergt. Henry L. Colby, of Warner, must, out June 4, 1865. Com.-Sergt. William S. Carter, of Warner, must, out June 4, 1865. Hosp. Steward Charles M. Jones, pro. to asst. surg. Jan. 2, 1865. Hosp. Steward George P. Ladd, of Deeiing, must, out June 4, 1866. Principal Musician Andrew J. CoflBn, of Epping, must, out June 4, 1865. Company OJJicers. — Capt. Horace C. Bacon, of Epping, Co. A, wounded Dec. 13, 1862 ; hon. disch. June 11, 1864. Capt. J. Charles Corriei-, of Derry, Co. A, wounded severely Sept. 30, 1864; hon. disch. Jan. 18, 1865. Capt. Charles E. Frost, of Hampstead, Co. A, must, out June 4, 1865. 1st Lieut. George N. Shepard, of Epping, Co. A, wounded Dec. 13, 1862 ; pro, to capt. May 6, 1864. 1st Lieut. Charles Davis, Jr., of Warner, Co. A, pro, to capt. Sept. 20, 1864. 1st Lieut. Charles E. Bartlett, Co. A, must, out June 4, 1866. 2d Lieut. Gilman B. Johnson, of Epping, Co. A, pro. to q.m. April 22, 1864. 2d Lieut. Charles E. Bartlett, Co. A, pro. to 1st lieut. Feb. IT, 1865. Capt. Sewell D. Tilton, of Raymond, Co. B, wounded severely May 30, 1864; must, out June 4, 1865, Ist Lieut, Isaac H. Morrison, of Deering, Co. B, wounded blightly Dec, 13, 1862; hon, disch. Sept, 3, 1864. 1st Lieut. Merrill Johnson, of Deering, Co. B, must, out June 4, 1865. 2a Lieut. Joseph H, Qrarn, of Deering, Co, B, disch. Feb, 5, 1864, 2d Lieut, John E. Cram, of Raymond, Co, B, wounded severely May 12, 1864; hon. discb, on account of wounds Oct, 19, 1864, 2d Lieut. George W, Caswell, of South Newmarket, Co, B, wounded July 30, 1864; not must, ; disch. for disability at Concord, May 20, 1865. Capt. Hollis 0. Dudley, of Manchester, Co. C, wounded slightly May 6, 1864; must, out June 4, 1866. 1st Lieut, Joseph B, Clark, of Manchester, Co, C, pro, to capt. May 1, 1863. Ist Lieut, Jeremiah D. Lyford, of Manchester, Co, C, died of disease Dec, 9, 1864, 1st Lieut, Charles C, Page, of Candia, Co. 0, wounded severely June 2, 1864; trans, from Co. I ; not must. ; unable to accept on account of wounds: must, out as sergt, Aug. 23, 1865. 1st Lieut. Will C. Wood, of Lyme, Co. C, trans, from Co. H ; must, out June 4, 1863, 2d Lieut. T. P. Heath, of Manchester, Co. C, res. Aug. 3, 186 !. 2d Lieut, Ira G. Wilkins, of Manchester, Co. C, pro, to 1st lieut, Nov, 5, 1864. Capt. Leander W. Coggswell, of Henniker, Co. D, pro. to lieut.-col. Aug, 20, 1864, Capt. Charles Davis, Jr.. of Warner, Co. D, wounded severely Sept, 30, 1864; notmust.; hon. disch. as Ist lieut. Jan. 20, 1865, 1st Lieut. Thomas L. Sanborn, of Henniker, Co. D, res. Feb. 23, 1863, 1st Lieut. David C, Harriman, of Warner, Co, D, res. June 27, 1863, 1st Lieut. Joseph N, Modica, of Henniker, Co, D, app. capt, U, S, V, by brevet, for gallant and meritorious conduct before Petersburg, Va., to date from April 2, 1865 ; must, out as 1st lieut, June 4, 1865, 2d Lieut, David C, Harriman, of Warner, Co. D, pro, to 1st lieut, Feb. 27, 1863. 2d Lieut. Charles Davis, Jr., of Warner, Co. D, pro. to 1st lieut. July 25 1864. Capt. Amos B, Shattuck, of Manchester, Co, E, wounded Dec. 13, 1862 ; died of wounds Dec. 17, 1862, Capt, Arthur C, Locke, of Epsom, Co, E, wounded Sept. 30, 1864 ; must. out June 4, 1865. 1st Lieut. Arthur C. Locke, of Epsom, Co. E, pro, to capt. Dec. 18, 1862. Ist Lieut. Henry G. Dillenback, of Derry, Co. E, hon. disch. July 22, 1864. Ist Lieut. Charles E. Frost, of Hampstead, Co. B, pro. to capt. Feb. 17, 186.5. 1st Lieut. Solomon Dodge, Jr., of New Boston, Co. E, must, out June 4, 1865. 2d Lieut. Charles E, Frost, of Hampstead, Co. E, wounded Nov. 19, 1863 ; pro. to 1st lieut. July 22, 1864. Capt. Samuel M. Carr, of New London, Co. F, resigned Jan. 29, 1863. Capt. Charles Woodward, of New London, Co. F, hon. disch. June 23, 1864. Capt. Orlando W. Dimick, of Lyme, Co. F, must, out June 4, 1865. Ist Lieut, Austin W, Messer, of New London, Co. F, disch. for disability Sept. 29, 1862. 1st Lieut. Hiram K. Little, of Sutton, Co. F, wounded; died of wounds at David's Island, N. Y., July 4, 1864. 1st Lieut. William A, Nason, of New London, Co. F, pro, to adjt. Deo. 1, 1864. 1st Lieut. B. Baxter Brown, of Candia, Co, F, trans, to Co. I, 2d Lieut, Hiram K, Little, of Sutton, Co, F, pro, to Ist lieut, Jan, 30, 1863, 2d Lieut, R. Freeman Sanborn, of Springfield, pro. to 1st lieut, July 25, 1864. Capt. George E. Pingree, of Lisbon, Co. G. ; hon, disch, to accept ap- pointment in V, R. C, April 30, 1864, Capt, J. LeRoy Bell, of Haverhill, Co. G, wounded July 30, 1864 ; wounded Sept, 30, 1864 ; must, out June 4, 1865, 1st Lieut, Arthur E, Hutchins, of Bath, Co, G, killed in action May 6, 1864. 1st Lieut. L. Newell Sawyer, of Dover, Co. G, pro. to capt. Sept, 1, 1864. 1st Lieut. Ira G, Wilkins, of Manchester, Co, G, wounded April 2, 1865 ; appointed capt. U. S. V, by brevet, for gallant and meritorious con- duct in the assault before Petersburg, Va,, to date from April 2, 1865 J must, out June 4, 1865, 2d Lieut, J, LeBoy Bell, of Haverhill, Co, G, wounded slightly May 12, 1864; wounded slightly June 2, 1864; pro, to capt, July 22, 1864, Capt, Convers G, Morgan, of Enfield, Cu. H, dismissed April 18, 1863. Capt, Joseph B, Clark, of Manchester, Co. G, wounded severely May 6, 1864 ; must, out June 4, 1865. Ist Lieut. Orlando W, Dimick, of Lyme, Co, H,pro. to capt. July 22,1864. 1st Lieut, Frank S. Bean, of Enfield, Co, H, trans, to Co, I, Sept, 23, 1864. Ist Lieut. Will C, Wood, of Lyme, Co. H, trans, to Co, I, 2d Lieut, Allen H. George, of Canaan, Co, H, hon, disch. May 23, 1864. 2d Lieut. Frank S. Bean, of Enfield, Co. H, pro. to 1st lieut. July 25, 1864. 2d Lieut. Will 0. Wood, of Lyme, Co. H, pro. to 1st lieut. Jan, 2, 1865, Capt, William B. Patten, of Candia, Co, I, hon, disch, April 20, 1864. Capt. George N. Shepard, of Epping, Co. I, wounded severely June 2, 1864; must, out June 4, 1865. 1st Lieut. John K, Cilley, of Exeter, Co, I, pro, to capt, and asst, q.m. U. S. v., April 7, 1864. 1st Lieut. J. Charles Currier, of Derry, Co. I, pro. to capt. June 28, 1864. 1st Lieut. B. F. Sanbnrn, of Springfield, Co. I, hon, disch, Aug, 9, 1864, 1st Lieut. Frank S. Bean, of Enfield, Co. I, trans, from Co. H, Sept. 23, 1864 ; wounded Sept, 30, 1864 ; died of wounds Nov, 25, 1864, 1st Lieut. Charles C, Page, of Candia, Co, I, trans, to Co. C. 1st Lieut. B. Baxter Brown, of Candia, Co. I, trans, from Co. F; must out June 4, 1865, 2d Lieut, J. Charles Currier, of Derry, Co, I, wounded severely May 6, 1864; pro. to 1st lieut. May 11, 1864. 12 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 2d Lieut. E. Baxter Brown, of Candia, Co. I, pro. to 1st lieut. Dec. 6, 1864, Capt. Nathaniel Lowe, Jr., of Dover, Co. K, pro. to capt. and asst. q.m. U. S. V. Jiineie, 1864. Capt. L. Newell Sawyer, of Dover, Co. K, mubt. out June 4, 1865. Ist Lieut. B. Frank Uackley, of Dover, Co. K, resigned Dec. 22, 1862. iBt Lieut. Heury W. Twombly, of Dover, Co. K, resigned July 19, 1863. 1st Lieut. Cliarles E. Everett, of Dover, Co. K, pro. to capt. May 16, 1865. 2d Lieut. Henry W. Twombly, of Dover, Co. K, pro. to 1st lieut. Dec. 24, 1863. 2d Lieut. L. Newell Sawyer, of Dover, Co. K, wounded slightly June 16> 1864; pro. to Ist lieut. July 26, 1864, 2d Lieut. George P. Demeri-itt, of Durham, Co. K, not mustered ; must. out as sergt, June 4, 1865, Thirteenth, Infantry. — This was the fifth regiment raised by the State, in the fall of 1862, under the call of the President for six hundred thousand troops. In its organization of ten companies seven counties were represented : Kockingham, Hillsborough, and Strafford each furnishing two, and Merrimack, Grafton, Carroll, and Coos one each. The first company went into camp at Concord on the 11th of September. The whole were mustered into the United States service on the 18th, 19th, and 20th of the same month, and on the 28d the field-officers were also mustered. Aaron F. Stevens, Esq., of Nashua, who had served as major of the First New Hampshire, was commis- sioned colonel ; George Bowers, of the same city, who had served in Mexico, was lieutenant-colonel ; and Jacob I. Storer, of Portsmouth, was major. On the 5th of October, in the presence of a great assembly, the Thirteenth received its colors, at the State-House, from the hand of Hon. Allen Tenny, Secretary of State, and on the following day left the Capitol for Washington, fully armed and equipped. Mr. Waite, in "New Hampshire in the Rebellion," says, " It went into camp near Fort Albany, on the south side of the Potomac, where it remained several weeks, engaged mostly in drill. The regiment arrived at Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, Va., on the 9th of December, and was assigned to the First Brigade, commanded by Col. Hawkins, Third Division, Gen. Getty, of the Ninth Army Corps, then commanded by Gen. O, B. Wilcox. " The Thirteenth crossed the Rappahannock River with its brigade on the 11th, and held the lower part of the city. During the greater part of the battle on the 13th the regiment was protected from the guns of the enemy by a bluff under which it was stationed. About five o'clock in the afternoon Gen. Getty was ordered to attempt with his division what two corps had failed to accomplish and had been repulsed with terrible slaughter. He was to carry the batteries on Marye's Heights, the most formidable position in the enemy's line. The division consisted of but two bri- gades, Hawkins' and Harland's. The former posted his brigade in two lines. The Thirteenth was on the right of the second line. The order to advance was obeyed promptly. The troops moved across the rail- road under a considerable fire from both musketry and artillery, and charged up the steep bank, hoping to carry the works which crowned its crest. It was so dark that the line was considerably confused, and re- ceiving a terrific volley when within a few rods from the enemy and the point aimed at, the regiments were broken up and retreated in disorder. The lines of the Tenth and Thirteenth New Hampshire were immediately reformed by their commanders, expect- ing to renew the attack, but the whole command was soon ordered to retire to the city. The troops re- crossed the river on the night of the 15th, and the regiment returned to its old encampment. During the evacuation of the city, and while the remainder of the division retired across the river, the Thirteenth held the Union picket line along the railroad and on both sides of Hazel Run.^ Lively firing was kept up during the night with the enemy's pickets. It was a position of responsibility and peril, and was held by the regiment until three o'clock on the morning of the 16th, when it was relieved and again joined its brigade. In this battle the Thirteenth lost three officers and thirty-nine men killed, wounded, and prisoners. Capt. Carter and Lieuts. Durell and Shaw were slightly wounded. This was the first time the regiment had met the enemy or been under fire, but it proved the coolness and gallantry of the officers and the bravery of the men. " The Thirteenth shared with the army the cold and snow, the mud and exposure of Falmouth, and suf- fered severely from sickness of officers and men. It moved with the Ninth Corps to Newport News in February, 1863, and on the 13th of March with the division to Suffolk, where it was actively engaged in the defense of that place against the siege which soon followed, and was under fire most of the time for four weeks. " On the 3d of May a reconnoissance was ordered, and the Thirteenth and three other regiments, with some artillery and cavalry, crossed the Nansemond on the Providence Church road, and in their advance drove in the skirmishers of the enemy, who retired to their rifle-pits in the edge of the woods, where they occupied a line more than half a mile long. Upon this the Thirteenth, with a part of the Eighty-ninth New York, charged, under command of Col. Stevens^ and carried the works at the point of the bayonet, the killed and wounded of the enemy falling into the hands of the Union troops. The enemy were driven through the woods, and a strong line of intrenchments, heavily garrisoned, unmasked. The artillery opened a sharp fire upon the works, which was briskly replied to, the fight lasting until dark. The same night the enemy withdrew from his position, rq.ised the siege of Suffolk, and retreated towards Blackwater, closely fol- lowed by the Union troops, who captured a large number of prisoners. The regiment was particularly complimented for its conduct in this afikir. Its loss in killed and wounded was about thirty. Capt. Buz- zell was killed, and Lieut. Murray severely and Capt. Stoodley slightly wounded. MILITAEY HISTORY. IS " During the ensuing summer and fall the regiment was engaged upon the fortifications in the vicinity of Portsmouth, doing an immense amount of labor. It participated in Gen. Dix's expedition to Hanover Junction in June, sufiering much from the exposure and hardship of the march, which was followed after its return to camp by extraordinary sickness and mor- tality. Companies B and D were soon after placed in Fort Tallinghast, in the line of defenses, where they remained until the following winter, instructed and exercised in heavy artillery. The regiment passed the winter in coinfortable quarters erected by the men, doing but little severe duty. During the fall and winter the regiment received an accession of two hun- dred and forty recruits, many of whom were substi- tutes. " For the campaign of 1864 the regiment was or- ganized with the Second Brigade and First Division of the Eighteenth Army Corps. The brigade was composed of the Tenth and Thirteenth New Hamp- shire, Eighth Connecticut, and Hundred and Eigh- teenth New York, under command of Brig.-Gen. Hiram Burnham, formerly colonel of the Sixth Maine. The Eighteenth Corps was under command of Maj.- Gen. W. F. Smith. From Yorktown the corps moved up the James River, landed at Bermuda Hundred, and on the 7th of May the Thirteenth was engaged with'the enemy on the Walthal Railroad, and on the 9th and 10th fought them at Swift Creek, near Peters- burg, driving them across the creek, and losing in these operations several men killed and wounded. On the 12th it again met the enemy on the Rich- mond and Petersburg turnpike, drove them towards Richmond, capturing several prisoners ; on the 13th and 14th drove them across Kingsland Creek from their rifle-pits and intrenchments, and capturing their outer line of works at Drury's Bluff. The regiment was constantly under fire, a portion of it being night and day on the skirmish line, with the remainder in support. The position in the captured works as- signed to the Thirteenth, being on the extreme left of the brigade, with the Tenth New Hampshire joining it on the right, was held until the morning of the 16th, when Beauregard with thirty thousand troops in the dense fog attacked Gen. Butler's line, and surprised and routed Gen. Heckman's command on the right, forcing it back. The attack commenced about four o'clock, but the Tenth and Thirteenth were under arms and prepared to receive the enemy. The day previous Gen. Burnham had caused wires to be stretched along the front of his command, fastened to stumps, and about a foot from the ground. The rebels made a fierce attack on the skirmishers in front of the two New Hampshire regiments, and forced them to retire, but they were soon rallied, and their line reformed and held until the enemy, being re- inforced, massed his troops directly in front of the Thirteenth, and advanced to the assault of its posi- tion in three lines, forcing the skirmishers to retire to the main body. The enemy emerged from the woods and moved forward evenly under a hot and deliberate fire. When the enemy reached the wire his lines were entirely broken, when some fled and others threw down their arms. Each successive line was broken as soon as. it reached the wire, and met the same fate as the first. The attack was hand- somely repulsed by 7-a^. 6^/Lo^c.^^ ^y^r^S^^^^Al.^ BENCH AND BAR. 35 disqualified by iige. He is president of the Bar As- sociation of Eoolfingham County, and has held that position for a long term of years, being elected Oct. 19, 1860, and is the oldest practicing lawyer in this county, it not in the State. He has been connected with many business enterprises, is now president of Exeter Machine-Works, was chosen director of the Granite Bank in 1848, and was continued as such in its successor, the National Granite Bank. He has been a member of the Masonic Order since 1829, and now holds membership in "Star in the East" Lodge in Exeter. Mr. Sliekney married Nov. 5, 1850, Frances A., daughter of Clark Hough, of Lebanon, N. H. Of tlieir three children two daughters now survive. In private life Judge Stickney is especially charac- terized by modest and unassuming manners, strong social feeling, and warm friendship, for a large circle of c.evoted friends. lu public life he has ever been the courteous gentleman to all, and a faithful and devoted servant to public interests. As a lawyer he is thorough and painstaking, his attainments being rather solid than brilliant, and he is well regarded by, and enjoys the esteem of, the members of the bar for botli ability and thoroughness. In his judicial office he was upright and conscientious, just in his decisions, and careful in his investigations. Chaeles Henry Bell' is the son of Governor John and Persis (Thom) Bell, and the youngest of a family of ten children. He was born Nov. 18, 1823, in Chester, Rockingham Co. After acquiring the benefits afforded by the schools of his native town he entered the academy at Pembroke, where, and at Phillips Exeter Academy, he fitted for college, and graduated from Dartmouth in 1844. On leaving col- lege he commenced the study of law, first with Bell & Tuck in Exeter, and subsequently continued with his cousin, Hon. Samuel Dana Bell, one of the most eminent lawyers in the State, and who for five years held the office of chief justice of New Hampshire. On his admission to the bar young Bell commenced practice in his native town of Chester, but the field of labor was far too small for a young man at all ambitious, and he began to look about him for an opening. He selected Great Ealls, where he formed a partnership with Nathaniel Wells, a sound law- yer and a successful business man. The firm of Wells & Bell enjoyed a fair share of business, which was constantly increasing, but after several years' practice at the Strafford bar Mr. Bell removed to Exeter. Able lawyers were never scarce in Exe- ter, and to most young men the prospects of success would have seemed discouraging. As a student Mr. Bell had profited largely by association with the best lawyers of the time. He entered actively into prac- tice, and in 1856 he was appointed solicitor of Rock- ingham County. For ten years he continued to dis- ^ Condensed from a sketch by John Templeton, in the Granite Monthly. charge the duties of this office, and to manage a large civil business besides. Mr. Bell retired from active practice several years ago. Governor Bell first entered politics as a member of the House of Representatives at Concord in 1858, and in his first term was made chairman of the Ju- diciary Committee, an honor that is rarely conferred on new members. He was rcjelected to the Legisla- ture in 1859, and again in 1860, in which latter year he was chosen Speaker. In 1863 and 1864 he was elected to the State Senate, and during tlie latter year served as president of that body. In 1872 and 1873 he was again chosen to the House. Mr. Bell was president of the Republican State Convention of 1878, wherehis address proved the key- note to a successful campaign. In 1879 he was appointed United States senator for the special session of thatyear by Governor Prescott, to take the place of Mr, Wad- leigh, whose term of office had expired. He was ad- mitted to his seat April 10th, after a long debate on the constitutional right of the Governor to make the appointment. In the Republican State Convention of 1880 the dele- gates, with an unanimity never before equaled, selected him as their candidate for Governor. Their' oppo- nents were preparing for an aggressive campaign with a most popular nominee for the Presidency, and their prospective candidate for gubernatorial honors was regarded as simply invincible. After a canvass prob- ably never equaled for thoroughness on both sides, Mr. Bell was triumphantly elected, receiving the largest number of votes ever polled for any candidate of any party at a New Hampshire State election. Governor Bell has devoted much time to historical research, and especially to the history of the State from its settlement. During the past few years par- ticularly there has been no intermission in the as- siduity with which he has employed the means of cultivating his tastes for literary pursuits. He is the author of a " Memoir of John Wheelwright," a work that is the only approach to a complete biography of this sturdy old Puritan pioneer yet written, the ma- terial being collected from every known source of in- formation on the subject in this country and England. He is also author of "The Wheelwright Deed of 1629: Was It Spurious?" "Exeter in 1776," and "Men and Things of Exeter," besides contributing to the current literature of the State, and having in course of preparation the " Biographical History of the Bench and Bar of New Hampshire." This work was undertaken at the request, often repeated, of some of the most prominent lawyers in the State. In the spring of 1871, Mr. Bell assumed editorial charge of the Exeter News-Ldter, which he retained till 1875, about four years. He has occupied the Grand Master's chair of the Masonic fraternity of this State, of which order he is a high member. At present he is a trustee of Phillips Exeter Academy. For a dozen years or more past he has been president 36 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of the New Hampshire Historical Society, which has been instrumental in interesting the public in the history of the State, and has brought to light many important facts bearing on this subject. Dartmouth College at the commencement in June, 1881, con- ferred upon Governor Bell the degree of LL.D. GI^EBNLAND. William Pickering, a son of William Pickering, was born in Greenland, and received his academical education at Phillips Exeter Academy and Harvard College, from which he graduated in 1797. He pur- sued his legal studies in the office of Hon. William K. Atkinson, of Dover, and commenced practice in his native place. He served for a time as deputy Secretary of State, and was in 1816 chosen State treasurer, an office which he retained until 1828, and again held in 1829. The next year he was appointed collector of the United States revenue at Portsmouth, and removed to his former home in Greenland. The office of collector he resigned in 1833, and continued to reside in Greenland until his decease in 1850. He also represented that town in the Legislature of the State'. Isaiah P. Moody originated in York, Me., and in 1820, at the age of fifteen, attended the Phillips Academy at Exeter. He took his degree at Bow- doin College in 1827, and in 1834 set up practice as a lawyer in Hampstead. He appears to have re- mained there until about 1841. Oliter Whipple practiced law in Hampton from about 1794 to 1806. He had previously resided in Portsmouth for more than twenty years, and his biography more properly belongs to that place. He went to Maine after leaving Hampton, and an inter- esting account of him is to be found in Willis' "Law and Lawyers of Maine." 1 HAMPTON. Edmund Toppan was the only son of Hon. Chris- topher Toppan, a man of note in the history of Hamp- ton. He was born Sept. 25, 1777, and graduated frgm Harvard College in 1796. He studied law under the direction of Hon. Theophilus Parsons, then of New- buryport, and after a short stay at Portsmouth com- menced business in Deerfield, his father having built him a house there and presented him with an ex- pensive libi'ary. He practiced there till about 1804, when his house and library were accidentally de- stroyed by fire, and then he returned to his native place, and there remained until his death in 1849. His business in Hampton was necessarily somewhat limited, but he was acceptable to the people, and represented the town in the State Legislature. Mr. Toppan is said to have possessed by nature rather a brilliant than a logical mind. His learning in his profession and generally was considerable, he spoke readily and gracefully, and his manners were courteous and attractive. KINGSTON. Francis Peter Smith, son of Bev. Isaac Smith, was born in Gilmanton, Aug. 22, 1795. He read law with Hon. Jeremiah H. Woodman and others, and began practice in Boston in 1819. He was in prac- tice in Kingston in 1822, and afterwards in Ossipee for ten years. He then studied divinity and became a clergyman, having settlements successively in New Hampshire, Maine, and Vermont. John Edward Stanyan was a native of Pem- broke ; the time of his birth was May 17, 1816. For two years or more after his graduation from Dart- mouth College in 1840 he was preceptor of an acad- emy, and then studied law. He practiced at Pem- broke, Epping, and Kingston, in this State, and at Haverhill and Ashby, in Massachusetts. He was emphatically a, rolling stone, and though a man of no little ability, was too irregular and erratic to ac- quire and retain the respect of those whose good opinion is of value. William Colcoed Patten was a Kingston man by birth, education, and residence. He was gifted by nature with superior powers of mind and a fine and pleasing address. He began life as a teacher and land surveyor, but gradually acquired a taste for the law, and prepared himself for its p;'actice. His aptitude for political life gave him rather a remarkable succes- sion of official positions. He was a representative in the Legislature of 1857, State senator in 1861 and 1862, councilor in 1867 and 1868, and again repre- sentative in 1871 and 1872. He died in January, 1873, at the age of about fifty years. Mr. Patten entered upon the practice of the law rather late in life, but from his experience brought with him much acquaintance with practical affairs and knowledge of human nature. His business was con- ducted with promptness and sagacity, and he acquired much credit as a practitioner. His ambition ran much in the line of politics, where his popularity was such that he was repeatedly elected to office by his towns- men when the majority was clearly against his party. Had he lived, there was every reason for believing that he would have achieved higher political honors. His death was sudden, and, occurring while he was in the prime of life and apparently of sound constitu- tion, caused a severe shock to the community. LONDONDERRY. John Prentice, born in Cambridge, Mass., and a graduate of Harvard College in 1767, read law with Hon. Samuel Livermore, and established himself in business in Londonderry, having purchased the place where his instructor lived, and erected a large man- sion thereon. His wife brought him a handsome dowry, and he was thus enabled to live through the period of the Eevolution when the law business was at a standstill. Having been an " addresser of Hutch- inson" in Massachusetts, he was not intrusted with public business by the friends of liberty, though at BENCH AND BAR. 37 their instance or insistance he published a complete recantation of his " loyal" sentiments, both in that colony and in New Hampshire. But upon the return of peace and the revival of ordinary business Mr. Prentice began to receive a fair share of professional employment. He was by no means a learned lawyer ; he was not a student, and his professional library hardly contained fifty vol- umes ; yet in those times an accurate knowledge of the law was perhaps less valuable to the practitioner, pecuniarily at least, than practical sense and abundant self-confidence. In these qualities Mr. Prentice must have excelled, for he occupied for a considerable period some of the highest positions in the State, and conducted a large and lucrative law practice besides. In 1785 he was elected a representative to the State Legislature, and was often re-elected. In 1787 he received the appointment of attorney-general of the State, and held the office until 1793. The next year he was chosen Speaker of the House of Representa- tives. In 1798 he was appointed a justice of the Superior Court, but, perhaps conscious that his quali- fications were hardly equal to the position, he declined it. The same year he was elected Speaker of the House, and was annually replaced in that position until 1805. While holding that place he was sup- ported by his party for election to the Senate of the United States, but failed to receive the honor. Mr. Prentice had many of the qualities needed for a lawyer of eminence. With more application and taste for the learning of his profession, he would have led in important causes where he hesitated to trust his own knowledge and judgment, and would have avoided many of the obstacles which beset his path. But be had an aversion to the use of the pen, and no inclination for book-learning so long as he found that his native powers enabled him to sustain himself respectably. He was fonder of his farm than of his office, and prided himself much on its products. It is a remarkable circumstance that the place where he lived was the home of Hons. Samuel Livermore, Arthur Livermore, and Charles Doe, an extraordinary succession of men prominent in the judicial annals of New Hampshire. Mr. Prentice died May 18, 1808. Geokge Reid was a son of Col. George Reid, of the Revolution, born at Londonderry, Jan. 29, 1774, and educated at Dartmouth College, graduating in 1797. He studied law, and opened an office in his native town, but removed two years afterwards into Massachusetts. He died in Boston at the age of seventy-four. Febdekick Parkee wts a native of Bedford, who graduated from Dartmouth College in 1828, and after the usual period of study of the law established him- self, about 1832, in Londonderry, but in a year or two removed to Bangor, where it is understood that he became a teacher, and died May 19, 1834, at the age of thirty-four years. NEWMARKET. Edwaed Paesons, a son of Rev. Joseph Parsons, of Bradford, Mass., was born in 1747, and received a collegiate education. He had commenced the prac- tice of the law in Newmarket as early as 1773. He was a member from that town of the Provincial Convention which met at Exeter May 17, 1775, and afterwards became adjutant of Gen. Enoch Poor's regi- ment in the Continental army. He died at Ticon- deroga, it is believed, in 1776. Nathaniel Huntoon was a native of Salisbury, and studied his profession with Hon. Samuel Greene. About 1802 he started in life at Portsmouth, and after remaining there about twelve years changed his residence to Newmarket. But he did not live long enough to accomplish much there, for he died about 1816. Amos A. Paekee is still living in Glastonbury, Conn., at an advanced age. He is a son of Hon.Nahum Parker, of Fitzwilliam, and is a graduate of Vermont University in the class of 1815. He has led a varied and active life. He was settled as a lawyer for a time in Epping, then at Newmarket, afterwards at Kingston, and finally in his native town. For a year or two he resided in Exeter also. From 1823 to 1825 he was the proprietor of the New Hampshire States- man at Concord. In 1835 he went on a tour to the West and Texas, and the next year published an ac- count of his trip in a duodecimo volume, which ran through two editions. Within a few years he has is- sued a volume of poems, and a thick pamphlet of reminiscences of Lafayette's visit to New Hampshire in 1824. William Tenney was the son of Capt. William Tenney, of Hollis, and born Sept. 13, 1785. He at- tended the law school at Litchfield, Conn., and was admitted to the bar in Boston in 1811. He. first practiced in Pepperell. Mass., then in Salem, N. H., and came to Newmarket in 1815, where he spent the remainder of his days. He is said to have been much interested in political matters, and to have been more ambitious for preferment in that line than for pro- fessional advancement. In 1823 he was assistant clerk of the Senate, and in 1829 he received the com- mission of postmaster of the Lamprey River village. He died in 1838. GiLBEET A. Geant, who came from New York, practiced law in Newmarket three or four years, beginning about 1843. He was able, quaint, and entertaining, and might probably have . acquired eminence in his profession had he remained longer here. He was afterwards in New York, and it is believed in California. William B. Small was a native of Limington, Me., and was born May 17, 1817. While he was a child his father removed to Ossipee, in this State, where William passed his youth. He was a pupil of Phillips Exeter Academy, and a student-at-law in the office of Messrs. Bell and Tuck, at Exeter. During 38 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. his education he taught school to eke out his narrow means, and showed himself to be diligent, capable, and independent. He commenced practice in New- market in 1846, and soon acquired a good position at the bar. In 1866 he was appointed solicitor of the county of Rockingham, and was again placed in the same position in 1875, holding the office up to the time of his decease. In 1870 he was elected a member of the State Senate, and while such received the nomination of representative to Congress, to which he was chosen in 1873. Mr. Small had little taste for political life, but loved his profession, and devoted himself to its study and practice. He was industrious, studious, and per- sistent, regarding his clients' interest far above his own convenience or comfort. His character for honesty and perfect uprightness was never questioned. He prepared his causes witl^ conscientious care, and tried them ably and vigorously, and took a high rank as a counselor and an advocate. His death, while in the full tide of his usefulness and power, was re- garded as a real loss to the community. He died from the effects of a fall, April 7, 1878. NORTHWOOD. Abeaham B. Stoey, born in Dunbarton, March 22, 1777, was the son of David Story, and graduated at Brown College in 1799. He studied his profession with Hon. Charles H. Atherton, of Amherst, and practiced in 1802 and 1803 in Northwood, but then removed to Washington, where he lived till about 1830, in which year he died, in his native place. Nathaniel DBAEBOEisr was a native of Chester, a son of Deacon John Dearborn. He completed his legal studies with Hon. George Sullivan, and set up in practice in Pembroke in 1806, remaining there till about 1820, when he migrated to Deerfield, and after- wards in 1831 to Northwood, where he lived ever after. He died Sept. 12, 1860. He was an honest, painstaking man of fair abilities. SALEM. Silas Betton, a son of James Betton, born at Windham, and a graduate of Dartmouth College in the class of 1787, was admitted to the bar in 1793 and settled in Salem. That town was represented by him in the General Court in the years 1797, 1798, and 1799, and in 1810 and 1811. In the years 1800, 1801, and 1802 he was a member of the Senate. In 1803 he was elected a representative in Congress, and served two terms. In 1813 he received the appoint- ment of sheriff of the county of Rockingham, which he held until 1818. He died Jan. 22, 1822, at the age of fifty-eight years. Mr. Betton married a daughter of Hon. Matthew Thornton, one of New Hampshire's three signers of the Declaration of Independence. He was a man of handsome talents, and much esteemed in the com- munity. He was gifted with some literary taste ; many of the poems of Robert Dinsmore, the " Rustic Bard," were addressed to Mr. Betton, and some poet- ical epistles of his own composition were included in the volume of Dinsmore's published pieces. David Woodbuen Dickey was born in London- derry, Dec. 25, 1792, and educated at Dartmouth Col- lege, graduating in 1818. He entered upon the prac- tice of law in Londonderry about 1821, and remained there until 1838, when he removed to Salem, where he died Jan. 26, 1887. SBABROOK. Ebbnezbe Feenoh was born in Newton, April 10, 1802. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1824, studied his profession with Hon. Daniel French, of Chester, commenced practice in Sutton in 1827, removed to Seabrook in 1828, and there continued about twelve years. Thence he went to Amesbury and to Boston, and served in the custom-house eight years, and subsequently emigrated to the West. WINDHAM. Isaac McGavt originated in Merrimac, his father's name being Jacob, as was that of an older brother, who was a lawyer of distinction in Maine. Isaac was born May 25, 1785, and completed his college course at Dartmouth in 1807. He opened his law-office first in Bedford, where he continued from about 1811 to 1818, and then took up his residence in Windham. There he was chosen a representative in the Legisla- tures of 1829 to 1833, inclusive, and' of 1888. After along period of respectable practice in his profession he removed to Merrimac, and passed his last years with his son-in-law, Edward P. Parker, Esq., and there he died Nov. 6, 1863. William Meechant Richaedsox was born in Pelham, Jan. 4, 1774, and died in Chester, March 23, 1888. He was a graduate of Harvard College in 1797. His father was Capt. Daniel Richardson, a soldier of the Revolution and a farmer, and William would probably have been brought up to the same employ- ment but for an injury received to one of his hands, which incapacitated him for severe manual labor. After leaving college he was employed for a time as preceptor of Groton, Mass., Academy, and afterwards entered the office of Hon. Samuel Dana there as a student-at-law. On being admitted to practice he settled in the same town. In 1811 he was chosen representative in Congress, and two years after re- ceived a re-election. But political life was little to his taste, and in 1814 he resigned his seat and removed to Portsmouth, N. H., and'opened an office. He was at once recognized as a leading lawyer, and upon the reorganization of the courts in 1816 was appointed chief justice of the Superior Court. The propriety and excellence of the appointment were at once admitted, and never questioned during the twenty-two years of his service on the bench. Through THE COUNTY FARM. 39 his agency the publication of the series of judicial re- ports of New Hampshire was begun. He contributed very largely to many of the volumes, and his opinions have always been regarded as admirable in style and of high authority. His professional learning was first-rate, his percep- tions were rapid, and his honesty and fairness above suspicion. By reason of his quickness of apprehen- sion, he was sometimes charged with jumping to con- clusions, but he had none of the pride of opinion which closes the mind to argument, and was always ready, for cause shown, to retract a hasty impression. In 1819, Judge Richardson changed his residence permanently to Chester. He was a good citizen, kind and public-spirited, and was greatly esteemed by his townsmen. His intellectual powers were highly cultivated. He was a great reader both in his own and in other tongues. He acquired several of the modern European languages after his accession to the bench, and the Spanish very late in life. Bot- any and mineralogy too he made himself master of in theory and by practice. He had always a taste for poetry. His graduation part at college was the Eng- lish poem, and throughout his life he was accustomed to throw off poetical effusions, some of them of much merit. Dartmouth College conferred upon him the degree of LL.D. ii^ 1827. New Hampshire has been fortunate in having se- cured for her highest judicatory a succession of chief justices of extraordinary learning, ability, and integ- rity, and among these Judge Richardson holds no secondary place. The following is a list of the present members of the bar : Danville. — ^O. H. Key. Berry.— G. C. Bartlett. , Exeter.— Governor Charles H. Bell, W. W. Stick- ney, Thomas Leavitt, J. F. Wiggin, Gilman Marston, J. Warren Towle, A. C. Buzell, E. G. Eastman, Fred. 8. Hatch, C. H. Knight, A. O. Fuller, and W. C. Harriman. Oreenland. — C. W. Pickering. Hampton. Lamprey. Kingston. — L. G. Hoyt. Neiu Market.— K. L. Mellows, C. H. Smith, I. T. George, and E. A. Keep. Plai.itow.—W. H. Hills and C. C. Cheney. Portsmouth.— W . H. Rollins, J. S. H. Frink, Wil- liam H. Hackett, A. F. Howard, Calvin Page, G. E. Hodgdon, H. Call, C. E. Batchelder, John Hatch, and Wallace Hackett. The senior members of the bar of this county have many of them made up their records; those still left are soon to follow, and the juniors are to assume their places at the bar and on the bench ; to them will soon be committed these great responsible trusts. The perpetuity of our free institutions is committed to the guardiaaship and keeping of the bar and judi- ciary of our free country, for the history of the world teaches, and all free governments illustrate, this truth, that to the profession of the law civil government is indebted for all the safeguards and intrenchments with which the liberties of the people are protected, that legislation is shaped, Constitutions enlarged, amended, and adopted by the enlightened adminis- tration of the statesman, both of England and the United States, who have been in both, and are in all free governments, educated for the bar, and, ascend- ing by the inherent force of their disciplined pro- fessional life, they become the directors of the desti- nies of States and nations. Military chieftains may spring into power, tyrants may for the hour dazzle with the glamour of military parade, the pomp of war, an oppressed and frenzied people, but they turn as the cannonade dies away to the statesmanship of the country, and Call to the Parliaments and congressional halls for final debate the arbitraments of the liberties of the people. From the days of King John to the present hour the bar and the bench have furnished the statesmen who have erected the bulwarks of constitutional law, and ex- torted from tyrants the Magna Chartas which have secured to the oppressed the guarantee of free insti- tutions. Imbued with the historical traditions of their predecessors, and tracing the paths they have trod, emulating their good example, it should become more and more the resolute purpose of the Ro'cking- ham County bar to so walk in the light of their pro- fessional teachings that when they are called to follow them to that upper court and file their judgment- roll of the great trial of life with that Supreme Judge from whose bar they can take no appeal, — " Then go not like quarry-slave at night Scourged to his dungeon, but, sustained and soothed By an uiifaltered trust, approach thy grave Like one who wraps the drapery of his couch About him and lies down to pleasant dreams." CHAPTER VI. THE COUNTY FARM. i— INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. Railroads : The Eastern — The Portsmouth and Dover — The Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway — The Concord and Portsmouth — The Port- land, Saco and Portsmouth — The Nashua and Rochester — The Port- land and Rochester — The Boston and Maine — The Dover and Winni- piseogee — The Manchester and Lawrence. Previous to the establishment of the county farm system, the selectmen or overseers of poor of each town had charge of all persons needing assistance. At various times the Legislature enacted laws which largely increased the number classed as county poor. The system of allowing each town to care for the poor within its limits led to some evils, was expen- sive, and made it necessary to locate buildings at some central point in each county where this large class of 1 Contributed by Newton Johnston, Esq. 40 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. unfortunates could be better provided for. The county convention at its session in the month of , June, 1868, authorized the purchase of a farm and the erection of suitable buildings to accomodate two hundred and fifty inmates. The authority to pur- chase said farm was committed to a joint board con- sisting of a building committee, — John R. Reding, of Portsmouth ; W. H. Robinson, of Exeter ; H. P. Hood, of Derry ; and I. L. Robinson, of Fremont, — selected by the convention, and the commissioners, James 0. Brown, John J. Leavitt, and Abbott Norris, who finally selected the Thyng farm, so called, in the town of Brentwood. The farm contains about one hundred and sixty acres, and is situated two and one- half miles from Epping depot, on the Concord and Portsmouth Railroad. The Nashua and Rochester Railroad now connects at said depot. The first cost of the Thyng farm was $6500, in- cluding thirty acres adjoining land. The total- first cost of the almshouse was $19,632. The following year a building for the insane and a large barn were added at an expense of $9487. The same year the county convention authorized the com- missioners to purchase woodland and pasture, and the farm of D. W. Ladd was bought, one hundred and sixty acres, for $4500. In 1873 additional build- ings for storage were constructed, costing $2500. In 1874 boiler-house, laundry, etc., costing $8150. In 1875 House of Correction and work-shops, costing $12,000. In 1876 new brick asylum for insane, costing $9000. The farm when purchased was in a poor state of cultivation, as but little had been done except to cut the hay for many years, which averaged about fifteen tons per year. The yearly crops now are one hun- dred tons of hay, with other crops of equal proportions. The crops of the farm for the year 1881 are esti- mated as follows : Hay 100 tons. Corn fodder 5 " Straw 30 " Potatoes 2,500 bushels. Peas (in pod) 50 " Oats 620 " Eye 30 " Beans 50 " Tomatoes 40 " Cucumbers 25 " Cider Apples 100 " Corn 500 " Turnips 18,000 pounds. Beets (table) 6,000 pounds. Beets (cattle) 21,600 • Carrots 3,750 Onions 9,360 Pumpkins 6,000 Mel.nis 1,200 Beef 2,500 Pork 8,000 Butler 2,500 Lard 1,250 Pai-snips 2,500 Cabbage 60 dozen. Kggs 1,000 " Average number of inmates for the years from 1871 to 1881, inclusive, has been 185. This includes in- sane, poor, children, idiotic, blind, and prisoners. The farm constitutes a school district in itself, and three terms of school are taught yearly. There is also a chapel-room, provided with organ, etc., for services on the Sabbath. Children of sound mind and without parents or frieods are furnished with good homes by the commissioners. The house is heated by steam ; comfortable rooms, clothing, and good and abundant food is furnished to all, and few, if any, of the inmates ever enjoyed a better home. The average weekly cost for each inmate for the year ending May 1, 1882, was one dollar and ninety-five cents. This includes all running expenses of the farm, with food, clothing, medical attendance, nurs- ing, etc. The farm is under the care of the county commissioners, who are now elected biennially in September at each State election. They appoint a superintendent and all necessary oflicers and help. The first superintendent, William L. Philbrick, of Portsmouth, was appointed 1869, resigned in 1871, and was followed by Frank D. Pollard, of Plaistow, who resigned in 1878, and was followed by Haven L. Scott, of Portsmouth, who retained the position till his death in December, 1881. His wife, Nancy M. Scott, continued in charge till the end of the year, May 1, 1882, when she resigned, and Gayton 0. Rey- nolds, of Derry, was appointed. The farm always has an abundant supply of water drawn by steam-pump and two wind-mills. The house is supplied with fire- escapes; also three fire-extinguishers and a hydrant to the roof of the house, with plenty of hose in case of fire. Twice fire has been subdued, the first time in the men's wing, and second in the women's, each time with but slight damage. The county debt. May 1, 1873, was $141,050; in 1882 it was $30,276.22. County Commissioners. 1856, William 0. Patten, William S. Hadley, Portsmouth; Josinh W. James, Deerfield ; 1859, Isaac Woodbury ; 1860, Franklin Crombie ; 1801, Horace P. Watts ; 1863, John Hodgdon (2d), Portsmouth ; 1863, John J. Leavitt; 1864, Caleb Moulton ; 1865, John Rowe, Candia; 1866, James C. Brown, Portsmouth; 1867, John J. Leavitt; 1868, Abbott Norris; 1869, William S. Pillsbury; 1870, John W. F. Hobbs, North Hampton ; 1871, Frank D. Pollard, Plaistow ; 1872, Frank W. Miller, Portsmouth; 1873, Woodbury M. Durgin, Northwood; 1874, Nathaniel H. Brown, Derry; 1875, Frank P. Cram, Hampton Falls; 1876, Sewall D. Tilton, Raymond; 1877, Newton Johnston, Ports- mouth ; 1878, Frank P. Cram, Hampton Falls ; 1879, Newton John- ston, Portsmouth ; Wells C. Underbill, Auburn; Joseph 0. Burley, Epping; 1881, Newton Johnston, Portsmouth; Joseph 0. Burley, Epping ; Wells 0. TJnderhill, Auburn. ,The Eastern Railroad enters the county at Ports^ mouth, and passes through Portsmouth, Greenland, North Hampton, Hampton, and Seabrook. The road was chartered June 18, 1836, and was opened Nov. 9, 1840, and leased to the Eastern Rail- road Company of Massachusetts for a term of ninety- nine years, at a rental which was to equal the divi- dends paid on the stock of the lessee. The latter failing to pay dividends in 1873, the rental was finally changed, Oct. 1, 1878, to $22,500, which is a trifle over 4.5 per cent, on the cost of the road as repre- sented by the capital stock ($492,500) of the company. Cost of road, $49,090.18 per mile. This road, which was chartered as the " Eastern Railroad in New Hampshire," forms a portion of the Eastern Railroad, which extends from Boston, Mass., to Portland, Me. Moody Currier, of Manchester, president ; and E. A. Abbott, of Boston, treasurer. The Portsmouth and Dover Railroad extends from Portsmouth, N. H., to Dover, N. H., and was chartered July 7, 1866. It was opened Feb. 1, 1872, PORTSiMOUTH. 41 and leased on its completion to the Eastern Eailroad of Massachusetts for a period of fifty years, at an annual rental of six per cent, on $769,000, the cost of the road, represented by a corresponding amount of stock. Length of road, 10.88 miles ; sidings, etc., 1.09 miles. Frank Jones, of Portsmouth, president; and G. L. Treadwell, of Portsmouth, treasurer. Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad is a consolidation of the Great Falls and Conway ; chartered June 19, 1844 ; opened from Great Falls to Union village in 1850, and the Great Falls and South Berwick chartered June 8, 1848 ; opened in July, 1854. The line to Conway was built by the consolidated company, and completed June 3, 1872. It was leased in 1871 to the Eastern Eailroad for sixty years. Oct. 1, 18J8, a new lease for sixty years was made. The road extends from Conway Junction to North Conway.' I Length of road, including sidings and other tracks, 6.69 miles. E. B. Phillips, presi- dent; and N. G. Chapin, treasurer; both of Boston. The Concord and Portsmouth Railroad, extend- ing from Portsmouth to Concord, was chartered July 1, 1845, and was opened in 1852. In 1859 it was leased for ninety-nine years to the Concord Railroad Company at an annual rental of 7 per cent, on $350,000 of stock, with $500 for support of organiza- tion. Annual rental $25,000. Stephen Kendrick, president, and Moody Currier, treasurer. The Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad extends from Portsmouth, N. H., to Portland, Me., a distance of 50.76 miles, and forms a portion of the Eastern Railroad. It was chartered in 1837, and opened Nov. 21, 1842. It was leased in perpetuity to the Eastern Railroad. E. B. Phillips, president, and N. G. Chapin, treasurer. The Nashua and Rochester Railroad extends from Nashua, N. H., to Rochester, N. H., a distance of 48.39 miles. This road was chartered July 5, 1867, and opened Nov. 24, 1874. In 1872 it was leased to the Worcester and Nashua Railroad Company for fifty years. F. H. Kinnicutt, of Worcester, Mass., president, and T. W. Hammond, of the same city, treasurer. The Portland and Rochester Railroad extends from Portland, Me., to Rochester, N. H., a distance of 52.5 miles. It was chartered as the York and Cumberland Railroad Company July 20, 1846, and opened to Saco River, eighteen miles, in February, 1853, and to Rochester in July, 1871. George "P. Westcott, of Portland, Me., president; and W. H. Conant, of Portland, treasurer and secretary. The Boston and Maine Railroad extends from Boston to Portland, Me., a distance of 115.50 miles. It is a consolidation of the Boston and Portland, chartered March 15, 1833; the Boston and Maine, chartered June 27, 1835; and the Maine, New Hamp- shire and Massachusetts, chartered March 12, 1839. The road was opened from Wilmington, Mass., to South Berwick, Me., Feb. 23, 1843. Between Wil- mington and Boston the Boston and Lowell Railroad was used until July 4, 1845, when an independent line was opened. The northern branch was com- pleted in 1849, and since its opening has formed the connecting link between the Manchester and Law- rence, to which it was leased, and the Boston and Maine Railroads. The extension to Portland, Me., was opened Feb. 15, 1873. The road has a branch from Rollinsford to Great Falls, and also one from Newton Junction to Merrimack. Nathaniel G. White, president, Boston ; Amos Blanchard, treasurer, Bos- ton ; and James Furbur, superintendent, Boston. The Dover and Winnipiseogee Railroad extends from Dover, N. H., to Alton Bay, N. H., a distance of twenty-nine miles. It was chartered as the Co- checo Railroad in 1847, and opened in 1857. It was reorganized under its present name July 1, 1862. It has been leased for fifty years to the Boston and Maine. William Dale, president, and George W. Berns, treasurer. A branch of the Boston and Maine extends from Rollinsford to Great Falls, and also a branch from Newton Junction to Merrimack. The Manchester and Lawrence Railroad passes through the southwestern part of the county. It was chartered June 3, 1847, and opened Nov. 18, 1849. B. F. Martin, president, and George B. Chandler, treasurer. CHAPTER VIL PORTSMOUTH.! MotiTes of the Colonists— Early Voyagers— John Smith— The Piscataqua — Thomson's Settlement at Little Harbor — Mason and the Laconia Patent. Sevebal reasons may be assigned for persons leav- ing the comfort, order, luxury, and associations of an old land and an old home. There is in every com- munity a class of adventurers of the type of John Smith, men fond of the excitement of travel, of novelty, ready to undertake any strange enterprise for the sake of the hazard, for exploration, for science, for notoriety, for profit, or for curiosity. The wild- ness of the new is more inviting than the regularity of the old. In all old and wealthy States there is a large class of persons, representatives of families of past prominence or departed splendor or dilapidated fortunes, who in a new place can maintain a position on cheaper terms, or follow with an easy grace em- ployments they would not undertake wheije they are known, or more sons than can be placed in the ances- tral neighborhood, or sons of wealth for whom many reasons conspire to make it better to seek situations elsewhere, as on the continent one constantly meets with English who in humble places or at low rates keep up an appearance of respectability they could not have at home, and as many from New England begin life at the West. The social barriers which 1 By James De Normandie, Minister of the South Parifth. 42 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. other lands have made impassable are by the Amer- ican idea entirely effaced by putting a few miles be- tween our birth and our activity. "My son, you know," said a poor woman, " would never be anything in Portsmouth, but in Salem he is just as good as any- body." An old writer says, "If without offense it may be spoken, the multitude of patents granted to several gentlemen of broken fortunes hath provided an honorable exile or confinement, whither many de- serving persons of better education than fortune were sent to shift for themselves in a foreign land without being further troublesome to those nearer home, on whom they had their hopes and dependence; yet it must not be denied but that some of the undertakers were at vast expenses, casting their bread upon these waters, where none of their friends and relatives have as yet had opportunity to find it." And this class of far-seeing, shrewd business men is always ready to send others or embark itself, and to bear any danger, delay, or loss in any enterprise which promises satis- factory returns, and especially questions of govern- ment and religion, of persecution and freedom, make it grateful for many to endure any hardships or aban- don any associations for a free rule and a broader liberty of worship. It is difficult to analyze all the motives which enter into colonization ; perhaps all we have named do in some degree with every settlement, nevertheless each has its prominent characteristics easy to be traced; in the Plymouth Colony the pre- vailing idea at first was religious liberty /or themselves, not for anybody else ; in the Piscataqua Colony it was the spirit of mercantile enterprise. Early Voyagers. — This spirit of enterprise, which in the seventeenth century was ,so active in the French, English, Spanish, and Portuguese, making them vie with each other in the establishment of col- onies, the exploration of these western lands, and the discovery of new sources of wealth, must have sent per- sons to this part of the coast as early as 1602. At that time there was no European family along the line of the sea from Florida to Greenland. Foremost among the men thus filled with schemes for visiting and set- tling and owning the New World, and gaining there- from fame or wealth, was Sir Walter Raleigh, the scholar, author, courtier, and adventurer. Among the men who had been interested with him in the discovery of Virginia was one Bartholomew Gosnold, who, in March, 1602, sailed for America, sighted the Maine co^,st and gave the name to Cape Cod. The voy- agers were enraptured with the landscape, and one of them wrote after their return : " We stood awhile rav- ished at the beautie and delicacy of the sweetnesse, besides divers clear lakes whereof we saw no end, and meadows very large and full of greene grasse." Each voyage, whether successful or a failure, only aroused others, such is the fascination of a new and unexplored realm. The city of Bristol, England, was at that time foremost in all- maritime adventures. Sebastian Cabot was a Bristol boy ; a Bristol ship first touched our coast, and a Bristol ship first sailed up our noble river. In the spring of 1608 the city government and some merchants of Bristol, led thereto chiefly by a clergyman of that city, Richard Hakluyt, fitted out an expedition for trading and the further discovery of that part of this continent which, in ignorance of its extent and the uncertain limits of charters, was called North Virginia. The fleet consisted of a ship of fifty tons with tliirty men and boys, and a bark of twenty-six tons with thirteen men and a boy, under the command of Martin Pring, and with a pilot who had been on the voyage the year before. They set sail from King Road, the anchoring ground, eight miles from Bristol, in March, 1603, and in June drew near to our coast, entered our harbor, and wrote of the " goodly groves and woods" along the banks of our river. ■ John Smith. — By 1614 the knowledge of our coast had grown more definite, and colonization began to assume larger and more permanent directions. The zeal for sudden wealth from the riches of mines led to a hasty occupation of the South, of Peru and Mexico by the Spaniards and Portuguese, but the English and French came with a tardier pace to the fur and fishing trade of the North, and yet found, as we have found in California, that the vineyards and pasture lands and husbandry are a surer and greater source of wealth than mines of gold or fields of diamonds. In March of this year the remarkable adveriturer, John Smith, sailed for North Virginia, seeking a mine of gold and copper, or, failing in that, to fish and trade. He named the shoals which had previously been sighted and described Smith's Islands, spoke of our river, and on his return drew a quaint map of the coast and wrote a history of his voyages, and left it for Prince Charles to christen the new realm, so that in 1614 first appears the name of New England. The Piscataqua. — It cannot but be interesting to notice the praises which the Piscataqua has called forth from the early voyagers and historians. One says " that westernmost and best river ;" another, " the safe harbor and rocky shore of the Piscataqua;" another, " that famous, brave, and navigable river of note, which has been frequented ever since the coun- try was first planted, whose channel is very swift and spacious, fit for vessels of great burden." And in an old deed, dated 1671, there is a will of one of the early merchants which runs thus : " I, Richard Cutt, /or y" love I bear unto W™ Vaughan, I do give unto him my stone warehouse, situate at Strawberry Bank and fronting upon the Greate River Piscataqua." And the truest poet of Portsmouth writes : Like an azure vein from the heart of the main. Pulsing with joy forever, By verduous isles, witli dimpled smiles, Floweth my native river. Singing a song as it flows along. Hushed by the ice-king never ; For he strives in vain to clasp a chain O'er thy fetterless heart, brave river ! IBiSOOBIM©! ^m® ii@g ©IF K1@K1. PK^KIIK sJOIKlii, fKI, W. DO. PORTSMOUTH. 43 Singing to one as full and free As It sang to the dusky daughters, Wlien the light canoe like a sea-bird flew Over its peaceful waters. Thomson's Settlement at Little Harbor.— In 1G23 this spirit of enterprise took for us a more defi- nite form, and witli results reaching to the present day. Among a council of forty noblemen, knights, and gentlemen, to whom King James granted a charter for the " planting, ruling, ordering, and governing of New England in America,'' we find two persons con- spicuous in energy and adventure. Sir Ferdinand Gorges and Capt. John Mason. Gorges was an officer of the English navy, intimate with Raleigh, and sharing his daring spirit. He had learned from some Indians many particulars of this part of the country, its rivers, harbors, islands, fisheries, and products ; his enthusiasm to found a colony was not abated by many successive misfortunes, and his faith in its final success never died out. " I doubt not," he writes, "it will prove a very flourishing place, and be replen- ished with many fine homes and cities, it being a province both fruitful and pleasant." Mason was a London merchant, some time Governor of Newfound- land, where he learned in a general and indefinite way of these parts, and became as enthusiastic as Gorges to plant a colony, an enthusiasm which ap- pears never to have left him amidst all the discour- agements and difficulties which beset his attempts. He was also Governor of Portstnouth, in Hampshire, England. Mason and the Laconia Patent. — The tradition that the first settlement at the Piscataqua was owing to the efforts of Gorges and Mason, or to the Laconia Company, of which they were members, has no found- ation. From " An Indenture of David Thomson," re- cently discovered among the papers of Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, with careful "Notes" in explanation by Mr. Charles Deane, of the Massachusetts Historical Society, many of the doubts and uncertain dates and confused traditions are dispelled, and it appears that David Thomson and three merchants of Ply- mouth entered into an agreement, in pursuance of which Thomson came over in the ship " Jonathan" in the spring of 1623, and settled at " Little Harbor,'' a name which first appears in 1655, on the west side of the Piscataqua. These three merchants were Abraham Oolmer, Nicholas Sherwill, and Leonard Pomerie, and with Thomson they were to contribute to the expenses and to share the profits. It is provided in the partner- ship that the colony "shall and will use their best endeavors (by the direction of said David Thomson), with as much convenience as maye be, to find out . . . some fitt place to settle & Builde some houses or buildings for habitacons, on which they are to begin with as muche expedicon as they maye ; to the lymits & precincts of which habitacons or buildings soe in- tended to be there erected, there shall be allotted of the lands next thereunto adjoininge, at or before the end of five years next ensuing the date hereof, the full quantitie of six hundred acres of land or neare thereabouts." Jenness, speaking of the landing at Little Harbor, says, " The site selected for the settle- ment was chosen with excellent judgment. From the Little Harbor fronting the north side of the prom- ontory a salt water creek runs back so far towards the ocean as almost to convert the inclosed point into an island of about six hundred acres area, which was the precise amount of land required by the indenture to be allotted to the new plantation. The soil is good, and among the rofks on the harbor shore is a living spring of fresh water. The harbor is safe and acces- sible at all times to vessels of light draught, and most commodiously situated for the prosecution of the fisheries as well as for the peltry traffic with the In- dians of Sagamore Creek and Piscataqua River. Above all other advantages in those perilous times, the Point, rising on every side towards its centre and almost surrounded by water, was easily defensible against the assaults of savages. These considerations probably determined Thomson in the selection of this site for the new plantation, which he named, perhaps, from the Indian appellation ' Pannaway,' a name which seems, however, not to have survived the period of Thomson's own occupation and ownership of the plantation.'" In Winslow's " Good News,'' published in 1624, de- scribing events apparently of the preceding summer, we find reference to " one Mr. David Torason, a Scotchman, who also that spring began a plantation twenty-five leagues northeast from us, near Smith's lies, at a place called Pascatoquack, where he liketh well." Thomson most likely remained at the Piscat- aqua until 1626, and deserves to receive the undi- vided praise a^the founder of this settlement, while Mason had nothing to do with its beginning. In a deposition of several aged persons, including Edward Col cord, taken at Piscataqua Aug. 25, 1676, they make oath and affirm that "Capt. John Mason did never settle any government nor any people upon any land called the province of New Hampshire, on the south side of Piscataqua River, either by himself or any of his agents to this day." After the Laconia grant, on the 17th of November, 1629, active measures were taken to found a colony, but without immediate success. Mason, who was one of the company, bought the shares of two of his associates and sent over some men and set up two saw-mills ; but these and most of his operations were upon the east side of the river, in the territory which, in 1647, was incorporated as Kittery. The first ship which came out in the interests of the Laconia Com- pany was the " Warwick," which sailed from London the last of March, 1630, with Walter Neal, Governor, and Ambrose Gibbons, factor; but, instead of be- 1 First Planting of Ne^r Hampshire, p. 6. 44 HISTOKY OP KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ginning, they found a permanent settlement had been made at the mouth of the Piscataqua for several years. On the 22d of April, 1635, Mason obtained for himself, after discouragements and failures on the part of the previous company, a grant of the lands " between Naurakeag and Piscataqua," which, " with the consent of the Council, shall henceforth be called New Hampshire." It seems that after this grant Mason had great hopes and plans ; he calls his whole grant on the Piscataqua " my country of New Hamp- shire, or Mannor of Mason Hall ;" he doubtless had large expectations of some manor hall, with its sur- rounding estates, and of an inflo,wing fortune, but death put an end to all his dreams, leaving to another generation only an inheritance of lawsuits, which, amidst the perplexing grants to successive companies and individuals, given with little geographical knowl- edge, disturbed, convulsed, and embittered the settle- ment for many years. It was this high hope and this grand residence in the future which formed the only reality of a Mason's or manor hall at Little Harbor. There never was any such building. The settlers who came over in the " Warwick" doubtless occupied the houses at Little Harbor which were built by Thomson, and by common report one was of suffi- cient importance to give it the designation of the "large house," but the "Great House," which ap- pears so frequently in early records, and the one more likely to which this pretentious title would be given, was a house built by one Chadbourne in 1631, which stood on what is now the corner of Court and Water Streets, and by reason of the rising ground from this spot to where St. John's Church stands being cov- ered with wild strawberries, the settlement was com- monly called Strawberry Bank until the year 1653, and familiarly so ever since, while by the inhabitants and the neighboring towns it was long known simply as "The Bank.'' The most serious thing we have to regret at the present day is that instead of " New Hampshire," a name it seems Mason designed to give to this region, and which was confirmed by a com- mission in 1679, we did not preserve either for the State or the town the far more interesting Indian name of Piscataqua.^ CHAPTER VIIL PORTSMOUTH.— (C7o)i(mued.) The Church of England — Early Rectors and Governors — Anecdotes of Mather — Settled Conclusions — The Laconia Company — Death of Ma- son — Abandonment of the Settlement by his Widow — Under the Juris- diction of the Massachusetts — Claim of the Mason Heirs — Richard Gibson — Pulpit Supplies — The name Portsmouth — Pews and Seating — Early Laws and Rulers. The Church of England. — It has been charged against the early settlers here that they were fishermen, 1 See " Notes on an Indenture of David Thomson and others," by Charles Deane. or that they came merely for business purposes. Many ofthem doubtless found the fisheries the most profitable enterprise, and Smith sets forth the importance of that occupation and says, " Honorable and worthy country- men let not the meanness of the word fish distaste you, for it will afford as good gold as the mines of Potassie or of Guiana, with less hazard and charge, and more cer- tainity and facility." They were fishermen, but there were some very humble fishermen on the shore of the sea of Galilee who have, played quite an important and respectable part in the history of the world, and it is true that the reason for the settlement was chiefly commercial ; the colony, as most of the colonies in North America, except Plymouth, were sent over by iflerchants or came themselves to trade, and many of the troubles, the misfortunes, and want of prosperity in this settlement was owing to the fact that the pro- prietors had so little personal supervision over the settlers. They did not come to establish religious liberty for themselves, nor did they make a constant talk about their piety, but there is every reason to suppose that their general character was as good as that of their neighbors in the Bay Colony. ' They were, however, supporters of the Church of England, and therefore bitterly denounced by the Massachusetts Colony. In spite of the assertions which have been handed down generation after generation and repeated without examination and without reflection that this was merely a business settlement, a worldly and un- godly colony, while the saints were all at " the Bay," it is easy to show that the purpose of the founders was to make this a branch of the Established Church of England, and that this runs through all the charters. In the one to Gorges, in 1639, we -find granted to him "full power, license, and authority to build and erect or cause to be built and erected soe many churches and chappelles there on to the said Sir Ferdinando Gorges, his heirs and assigns shall seeme meete and convenient, and to dedicate and consecrate the same according to all the ecclesiastical laws of this our realme of England," defining furthermore all his rights and privileges to be the same that the bishop of Durham had in the kingdom of England. In the earliest efforts made by the city of Bristol, the first inducement held out is " to plant the Christian relig- ion," and that "the one of traffic, be it never so pro- fitable, ought not to be preferred before the planting of Christian faith." One of the first expeditions under Gosnold \i'hich reached our coast carried with it a chaplain. Eoyal orders and instructions were issued requiring religious worship to be conducted as in the Church of England. Gorges' son Robert, who ar- rived in Massachusetts in 1624 to take superintendence of the churches to the great dismay of the settlers there, brought with him a clergyman of the English Church. One of the Puritan writers, referring to a settlement on the coast of Maine, rejoices " that one Episcopal colony is terminated, and its anticipated influence to advance the interests of the national PORTSMOUTH. 45 church on our soil is hastily prevented ;" and speak- ing of the settlement at Exeter, "thus the Granite State commenced its existence under the auspices of energetic and honorable proprietors, who proposed to give it the durable impression of Episcopacy as the efficient handmaid of royalty." In another place, referring to the efforts of Gorges at colonization, we find " his great preferences to have it done by sons of Episcopacy rather than by those withdrawn from its protection and rewards." Another royal charter says, "Our will and pleasure is that the religion now pro- f&ssed in the Church of England, and ecclesiastical government now used in the same, shall be ever here- after preferred, and with as much convenient speed as may be settled and established in and throughout the said province and premises and every of them." Gorges himself, in defending his company against various charges before the House of Commons, says, " I have spent £20,000 of my estate and thirty years, the whole flower of my life, in new discoveries and settlements upon a remote continent, in the enlarge- ment of my country's commerce and dominions, and in carrying civilization and Christianity into regions of savages."^ All these are testimonies that the aim of the proprietors and settlers was quite as truly re- ligious as usually characterizes such enterprises. But their religious views were Episcopalian, and just at this period bitter strife reigned between Puritans and Episcopalians, and the strife in the old country was transferred to these shores. All the proprietors in- terested in the settlement were of the Established Church, and it was only natural that all the settlers who came out under them should be zealous in that faith. Gorges and Mason, Godfrie and Neal, Gibbons and Chadbourne and Williams, and all the names which appear on the colonial records were doubtless of this faith, and the colonies at the Piscataqua and the bay were carried on with the same spirit that two rival and highly-excited parishes would be at the present time, only intensified by the more bitter theo- logical hatred of that day. The leader of the Massa- chusetts colony even rejoiced at the death of Mason, as a proof of the Almighty's retribution upon the Episcopal settlement at the Piscataqua and his favor towards them. Governor Winthrop writes, " The last ■winter Capt. Mason died. He was the chief mover in all attempts against us, and was to have sent the General Governor, and for this end was providing ships ; but the Lord in mercy taking him away, all the business fell on sleep." Among the earliest inven- tories of the colony's goods we find mention of ser- vice books, of a flagon, and of cloths for the com- munion-table, which show that provisions for worship 1 In MaaoD's wiU we find instructions to convey one thousand acres of bis estate here fur and towards the maintenance of an honest, godly, and religious preacher of God's word, in some cliurch or chapel or other pnblic place appointed for divine worship and service within the county ol New Hanipshire,and also provisions for and towards the maintenance of a free grammar school for the education of youth. were not neglected, and of what form the worship was. Early Factors, or Governors. Anecdote of Ma- ther. — After the departure of Thomson, and until the arrival of those sent out by the Laconia Company in 1630, our information about this settlement is slight and indefinite. Then came Neal as Governor, after his departure Godfrie, with Warnerton at Strawberry Bank, then Williams as Governor in 1634. The colony began to extend over Great Island and along the bank of the river. A rude fort was built on the northeast point of Great Island, '' about a bow-shot from the water-side to a high rock, the site of the present Fort Constitution. Under Williams, who is spoken of as a gentleman, a discreet, sensible man, accomplished in his manners and acceptable to the people, the first attempt at any combination for order and defense was made. It is related that Neal went on a journey of discovery to the White Mountains and the lakes, and gives a somewhat glowing account of them : " The summit was far above the clouds, and from hence they beheld a vapor like a vast pillar, drawn up by the sunbeams out of a great lake into the air, where it was formed into a cloud," but their hopes of mines and precious stones were dimmed. At another time Neal forbade a man who was about to begin a settlement at a point a short distance up the river. The dispute which arose was about to be settled by the sword, when a wiser thought suggested to each it would be braver not to fight, and so the place, known to the present generation as Nancy Drew's, was called Bloody Point, not on account of what actually hap- pened, but what might have occurred in the event of a duel. Just before Neal left some trouble arose be- tween him and the Governor of the Massachusetts Colony. It was charged against Neal that he did not call to see the Governor in Boston on his way to England, but Neal urged that he had not been well entertained the first time that he was there ; that letters he had written had been opened in the Bay, and except he were invited he would not call. Win- throp says the letters were opened " because they were directed to one who was our prisoner, and had declared himself an ill wilier to our government." But politi- cal honor was rather low at that day, and if, even at a later period, England's prime minister confessed that he had no scruple in opening the letters of a political rival, the conduct of Massachusetts' Governor can be excused. Yet the incident shows that no papal inquisition ever exceeded thfe scrutiny of all persons or documents which came into the neighbor- hood of the Puritans. Warnerton seems to have been a wild and dissolute character. Winthrop says he lived very wickedly and kept the Piscataqua men under awe of him, while Warnerton, trying to collect a debt from one of the Bay Colony, called him rogue and knave, but added they were all so at the Bay, and he hoped to see all their throats cut. Whether he ever did anything worse than opening letters does not 46 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. appear, but the incident reveals the general feeling that the two settlements cherished towards each other. All the early Puritan representation of this colony were in the same strain, and in return the bitterness of the eastern settlement against the Massachusetts was quite as great. A Piscataqua man being in England in 1632 said of the Massachusetts planters, " They would be a peculiar people to God, but all goe to the Devil ; they are a people not worthy to live on God's earth; fel- lows that keep hoggs all the week preach there on the Sabbath ; they count all men out of their church as in a state of damnation." John Josselyn, of Black Point, writes of the founders of Boston: "The chief objects of discipline, religion and morality, they want. Some are of a Linsie-woolsie disposition, of several professions in religion, all, like the ^thiopeans, white in the teeth only, full of ludification and injurious dealing and cruelty, the extremist of all vices. Great Syndics or censors, or controllers of other men's manners, and savagely factious among themselves." In 1631, Thomas Dudley, afterwards Governor of Massachusetts, writing to the Countess of Lincoln in England, says of some of the settlers there, "Heare- ing of men of their own disposition, which were planted at Pascataway, went from us to them, whereby tho' our members were lessened, yet we accounted ourselves nothing weakened by their removeall." These first reports and prejudices in regard to this colony were repeated tod spread without investiga- tion and without confirmation. We find Cotton Mather, in the " Magnalia," recording an anecdote which conveys the same impression, and the locality of which, tradition has ascribed to the South Parish of this town : " There were more than a few attempts of the English to people and improve the Parts of New England which were to the Northward of New Plymouth, but the Designs of theire attempts being aim'd no higher than the advancement of some worldly Interests, a constant Series of Disasters has confounded them until there was a Plantation erected upon the nobler Designs of Christianity ; and that Plantation, tho' it has had more Adversaries than perhaps any upon Earth, yet having obtained help from God it continues to this day. There have been very fine settlements in the Northeast Eegions, but what is become of them ? I have read that one of our Ministers once Preaching to a congregation there urgei them to approve themselves a Religious People from this consideration, That otherwise they would contradict the main end of Planting this Wilderness, whereupon a well-known Person then in the assembly [note assembly, which is a perfect translation of the Greek word ' church' in the New Testament] cried out, ' Sir, you are mistaken ; you think you are Preaching to the People at the Bay ; our Main End. was to catch Fish.' TrUly 'twere to have been wished that something more excellent had been the main end of the settlement in that brave country, which we have, even long since the arrival of that more Pious Colony at the Bay, now seen dreadfully unsettled no less than twice at least' by the Sword of the Heathen after they had been replenished with many Hundreds of People, who had thriven to many Thousands of Pounds, and had all the force of the Bay, too, to assist them in the maintaining of their settlement." To any one who has investigated the history of these colonies this story is seen to be a capital piece of irony upon the cant of Puritanism, and the person in the pew evidently thought the preacher was ignorant of the design of this settle- ment, and wanted to call his attention to the fact that Mr. Moodey brought Mr. Jaffrey before the church for discipline, against the command of the Governor, and in the end obtained from him an open confssaion of his wrong, a confes- sion so sincere that, instead of provoking him, it led Mr. Jaffrey to be afterwards an active, useful, and leading man in the church. Thereupon a short time after Governor Cranfleld issued an order that after the 1st of January ensuing all the ministers within the province^ should admit all persons of suitable years and not vicious or scandalous in their lives to the blessed sacrament of the Lord's Supper, and their children unto baptism ; and if any persons desired the sacrament, or their, children to be baptized ac- cording to the liturgy of the Church of England, it be done accordingly under penalty of imprisonment of the clergyman refusing and the loss of all the charter) the Effect will come, for all other wales will be ineffectual!, the fountaine being impure." And Htill once more Cranfield writes, " The experience I have had in thissmall governm' plainly discovers no true obedience nor good can be expected upon y° regulation of the Massachusets Colony if the Assem- blymen or other persons in publick trust doe consist of the Congregated Church members, the ministers giving it as doctrine that the Oath of Supremacy, & all other oaths that are not approved of by the Ministers & Elders of their Churches are unlawful in themselves, therefore 'tis my humble opinion that it will be absolutely necessary to admit no person into any place of Trust but such as take y" Sacrament & one conformable to tlie Rites of the Church of England, for others will be so influenced by their ministers ivs will obstruct the good settlement of this place, &I utterly dispair of any true duty and obedience paid to his Maj*y untill their CoUedge be supprest and their Ministers silenced, for they are not only Enimies to his Maj*y & government, but Christ himself, for of all the inhal>itants of this Province, being about four thousand in number, not above three hundred Christened by reason of their Parents not being members of their Church. I have been this 16 months persuading the ministers to admitt all to the Sacrament& Baptism that were notvitious in their lives, but could not prevail upon tliem, therefore with advice of the Councell made this inclosed order. Notwithstanding they, were left in the entire possession of their churches and only required to adminis- ter both Sacraments, according to the Liturgie of y Church of England, to such as desired them, which they refuse to doe, and will understand Liberty of Conscience given in his Majta Commission not only to exempt tliemfrom giving the Sacrament according to the Book of Coraon Prayer, but make all the Inhabitants contribute to their Maintenance, although they refuse to give them the Sacrament & Christen their Ghildi'en, if it be not absolutely enjoyned here, & in other Colonies, that both Sacra- ments be administered to all persons that are duly qualified, according to the form of the Comon Prayer, there will be perpetual dissentions and a total decay of the Christian Religion." What an admirable illustration of the confusion most rulers would create when they meddle with theological subjects of which they are ig- norant, and the blindness of that bigotry which is seeking to establish for itself the very thing it is condemning in others I profit of his spiritual benefices. This was in accord- ance with a statute of Queen Elizabeth, but it was also in conflict with a later statute granting liberty of conscience unto all Protestants, — a provision as we have seen plainly made in Cranfield's commission, and also in conflict with a provision of the church in not permitting one who was not in holy orders to administer its sacraments, and Mr. Moodey had not been ordained to the Church of England ritual. .In spite of all this the arbitrary and enraged Governor sent word to Mr. Moodey soon after that on a follow- ing-named Sunday he should attend worship at his church and receive the sacrament according to the service of the Established Church. The order reads very much like the reported command of one of our colonels in the late war, ordering out a battalion of men to be baptized, so as not to be surpassed by a revival in another regiment. The Governor sent also to Rev. Seaborn Cotton, of Hampton, saying that when he had prepared his soul he would come and demand the sacrament of him, as he had done at Portsmouth. Whether the Governor ever prepared Bis soul is not a matter of history, but without wait- ing for that the minister of Hampton at once fled to Boston. It was not so with the more courageous minister of Portsmouth. Mr. Moodey refused to obey the Governor, saying, " I told the marshall I durst not, could not, should 'not do it," whereupon complaint was made against him of violating the statute of Queen Elizabeth ; " that the said Joshua Moodey, being the present minister of the Town of Portsmouth, in the province of New Hampshire, . . . by>the duty of his place is by laws and statutes of the said realm of England required and commanded to administer the sacrament of the Lord's Supper in such manner and form as is set forth in the Book of Common Prayer and administration of sacraments and other rites and ceremonies in the Church of England, and shall use no other manner or form tlian is mentioned and set forth in the said Book. Whereas the said Joshua Moodey in contempt of the said Laws and Statutes hath wilfully and obstinately refused to administer the sacrament of the Lord's supper, ac- cording to the manner and form set forth in the said Book of Common Prayer unto the Hon. Edward Cranfield, Gov. of his Maj. in the Province of N. H., and others of his Maj°- Council of the said Province, and doth wilfully and obstinately use some other form than is by the said statutes ordained. Therefore, &c., doth pray that the said Joshua Moodey being thereof convicted according to the Law, may suffer such pen- alties as by the said statutes are made and provided." In another information against Mr. Moodey praying for judgment against him that he might suffer the penalties of the statute we find this expression: " The said Moodey having for many years had the appear- ance & reputation of a minister of God's word." It seems that the justices were divided in their opinion, two holding that he was not liable to the penalty on PORTSMOUTH. 59 account of the liberty of conscience granted to all Protestants here, and four holding that he was. Mr. Moodey himself, at the Quarter Sessions the 5th of February, 1684, upon examination pleaded " his not being ordained, having no maintenance according to the statute, and therefore not obliged to do that work which the statute required. Besides, these statutes were not made for these places ; the known end of their removal hither being that they might enjoy liberty in these foreign plantations which they could not have by virtue of the statutes at home, and were allowed to have here, especially our commission granting liberty of conscience." But it was all to no purpose, for the Governor had determined upon his imprisonment, and to the prison at Great Island Mr. Moodey went. There is preserved a letter of one William Vaughan, who was imprisoned about the time, containing a jour- nal with comments of current events. He writes, " Above all, our minister lies in prison, and a famine of the Word of God is coming upon us. No public worship, no preaching of the word. What ignorance, profaneness, and misery must needs come." Under date of Feb. 10, 1684 : " The Sabbath is come, but no preaching at the Bank nor any allowed to come to ub. . . . Motions have been made tliat Mr. Moodey may go up and preach on the Lord's day, though be come down to prison at night, or that neighbor ministers might be permitted to come and preach, or that the people might come down to the prison and hear, as many as could. But nothing will do ; an unparalleled example amongst Chris- tians, to have a minister put out and no other way found to supply his place by one means or other. Good Mrs. Martin was buried, being not able to live above one Sabbath after the shutting up of the doors of the Sanctuary." How many would die for that reason now "? Mr. Martyn, one of the first seven members of the church, was also imprisoned, and this journal is authority for the remark that the Governor said to him, " I want money and will have it.'' " But,'' said Martyn, " I have none." Then said the Governor, " I will take you home," adding also that Martyn was a church- member, and he would watch him and all such and be sure to pay them off if he could catch them. In April, after they had been " nine Lord's days without a sermon," Mason, in absence of Cranfield, gave leave for any minister to come and preach at the Bank, whereupon Rev. Samuel fhillips, of Rowley, came for two Sundays, the 13th and 20th of April. We find this item under date of September 12th : "Mr. Joshua Moodey, being to take a journey out of the Province, was forced to give a recognizance of £200 to return in three weeks, if alive and well." Mr. Moodey underwent imprisonment with a cour- ageous spirit, and writes during his confinement : " I told the court that I should go to prison with much more peace than they sent me thither, and particularly applied myself to Koby, a church-member, and told him that I h-ad done nothing but what he was by solemn covenant engaged to maintain, and wished him to provide against the day when these things should be overhauled. . . . But blessed be God for Jesus Christ, I am quiet and at peace. Thus I have many things that are matter of repentance and shame to me, yet in this matter I am abundantly satisfied in my lot, and hope shall be a gainer, and that the cause of Christ will gain by my sufferings. Only methinks I find it a hard matter to suffer in aright manner. Something of stout- ness of 6i)irit, some utlier sinister ends are apt to creep in and spoil suf- fering work. The Lord grant that I may have grace so to carry it as not to lose aught that I have done and do now suffer ! I beg your hearty prayers for me, that with integrity and sincerity I maj' cheerfully and patiently bear my cross till the Lord shall give nie a discharge," There is another letter dated "From the prison, 27th 1st Mo., 1684," i.e., March 27, 1684, in which he writes to Rev. Mr. Phillips, of Rowley, urging him to come to Portsmouth and preach : "Oh, consider that my poor. flock have fasted about forty days, and must now he an hungered I Have pity upon them, have pity upon them, and thou, my friend! And when you have taken your turn we shall hope for some other. You will thereby not only visit me in prison, but feed a great multitude of the hungry and thirsty little ones of Christ, which will be accounted for at that day. Pray come early enongh in the week to give notice to the people. (I do also in behalf of my dear and tender wife, thank you for yours to her.) Now pray for me, that I may have an humble heart, and that my whole soul, body, and spirit may be sanctified and kept blameless to that day," Mr. Moodey was once allowed to leave the prison and make a short visit to his family. He was released after thirteen weeks' imprisonment under a strict charge to preach no more within the province on penalty of further imprisonment, whereupon he re- moved to Boston, and was at once called to be assist- ant minister with Rev. John Allen at the First Church, and at ouce occupied a prominent place, and was held in the highest regard during the eight years of his ministry. Mr. Moodey seems to have followed the course of the justices who condemned him with a keen vision, and he interpreted the disasters which befell them as a divine retribution for his imprison- ment, and in the church records he writes of them as follows : " Not long after Green repented, and made his acknowledgment to the pastor, who frankly forgave him. Roby was excommunicated out of Hampton Church for a common drunkard, and died excommunicated, and was by his friends thrown into a hole near his house for fear of an arrest of his car- cass. Barefoot fell into a languishing distemper, whereof he died. Coffin was taken by the Indians at Cochecho, 1689, his house and mill burnt, himself not being .slain but dismissed. The Lord give him repentance, though no signs of it have yet appeared." While Mr. Moodey was at Boston he became a fellow of Harvard College, and upon the death of Rev. John Rogers, the president, the distinguished honor of that office was offered to him, but de- clined. It had doubtless been greatly owing to Mr. Moodey's interest in educational matters that in May, 1669, the inhabitants of Portsmouth sent to the General Court of the Massachusetts the following address, to which Mr. Moodey's name is appended : " To the viuch Hmi^ the General Court of the Mmmchuaette assemhled at Boston, 20 May, 1669: "The humble address of the inhabitants of the town of Portsmouth humbly sheweth that seeing by your means (under God) we enjoy much peace and quietness, and very worthy deeds are done to us by the favor- able aspect of the Government of this Colony upon us, we accept it always anrl in all places with all thankfulness. And tlio' we have 60 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. articled with yourselves for exemptiou from publique charges, yet we never articled with God and our own consciencps for exemption from gratitude which to demonstrate while we were studying, the loud groans of the sinking College in its present low estate came to our ears. The relieving of which we account a good work for the house of our God, and needful for the perpetuating of knowledge, both religious and civil, among us and our posterity after us, and therefore grateful to yourselves, whose care and study is to seek the welfare of our Israel. The premises considered we have made a collection in our town of £60 per annum (and hope to make it more), which said sum is to be paid annually for these seven years ensuing, to be improved at tjie discretion of the Hon"* overseers of the College for the behoof of the same and the advancement of good literature there, hoping withal that the example of ourselves {which have been accounted no people*) will provoke the rest of the country to jealously (we mean an holy emulation to appear in so good a work), and that this hon^ Conrt will in their wisdom all meet vigorously to act for divesting the sad omen to poor New England; if a College begun and comfortably upheld while we were little should since now we are grown great, especially after so large and profitable an harvest, that this country A other places have reaped from the same. Tour accept- ance of our good meaning herein will further oblige us to endeavor the approving ourselves to be your thankful and humble servants. " John Cutt. " Richard Cutt. "Joshua Moodey. "in the name and behalf of the rest of the subscribers in the towne of Portsmouth." This address from the inhabitants of the town of Portsmouth was presented by Mr. Richard Cutt and Joshua Moodey, May 20, 1669, and gratefully ac- cepted ; and the Governor, in the name of the whole met together, returned them the thanks of this court for their pious and liberal gift to the college therein. The town of Portsmouth had then become the richest town, and the occasion of the subscription was a general collection for the purpose of erecting a new brick building at Harvard College. Dover gave thirty-two and Exeter ten pounds for the same pur- pose. This interest in Harvard College and the rec- ollection that besides the election of Mr. Moodey to its presidency. Dr. Langdon, of the North Parish, was also called to the same oflBce at a later period, Dr. Peabody, of the South Parish, fulfilling the same duties temporarily at a still later period, and that Dr. Stiles, of the North Parish, was called to the same office at Yale College, show how greatly the strength and substantial character of our parishes were due to their appreciation of and demand for an able, culti- vated, and learned minister, and how greatly the congregations have departed from so general and deep an interest in true scholarship. Mr. Moodey and Witchcraft.— But the one thing for which Mr. Moodey deserves the highest credit, and which shows a mind enlightened and liberal beyond the current opinions of his day, is the part he took in the witchcraft delusion, a delusion which, as we shall see at another time, hardly found any spread or reception in our settlement. While he was settled over the First Church in Boston, Salem was very much excited upon the subject, and Philip English, .aj} eminent merchant of Salem, with his wife. Were sent to the Boston jail by reason that the one at Salem was crowded with the victims of this terrible persecution. Mr. Moodey took an early occasion to call upon them and invite them to his church (they having the liberty of the town by day, on condition of returning to the jail at night), and preached from the text, "When they persecute you in this city" flee ye into another," in which he justified every attempt to escape from the forms of justice when justice was violated in them. After service he visited the pris- oners and advised them to flee, and offered himself to assist Mrs. English to escape. After much reasoning he induced them to go, and had provided, with the consent of the Governor, for their escape from the prison at midnight. They reached New York and remained until the danger was over, and yet so uni- versally was witchcraft believed in, even by many of the best, that Mr. Moodey was severely denounced for opposing it. Death of Mr. Moodey.— The long ministry of Mr. Moodey over the parish at Portsmouth created an attachment which is revealed by the words of tender- est sympathy while he was ministering to the First Church at Boston. He writes that during his resi- dence there "the church were often visited by the pastor, and kept up theyr private meetings, and so held together, tho' some removed and others were taken away by death." In a letter to Increase Mather, then in England, he writes, "If you can, in all your opportunities. of wait- ing on his Maj''^ find a season to thrust in a happy word for poor N. Hampshire, who are under lamen- table circumstances. Mason is dead, but his sons survive, and possibly may be worse than hee. You know how the poor people have been unreasonably harassed, and to raise one family on the ruins of half a dozen considerable Townes looks hard. 'Tis my affection to my people that has drawn this hint fro. mee. I leave it to your consideration and pray for God's presence to be with you." And again he writes, " If something could be done for the poor province of N. Hampshire & Mein, it would be a good work." The year after Mr. Cranfield drove Mr. Moodey to Boston he was himself removed from his office here, and though the opportunity was offered, and Mr. Moodey constantly expressed the deepest interest in the parish here, it was not until 1693 that he returned. The explanation is very easy and satisfactory, if only we keep in mind the Episcopal element, which has been so steadily ignored, and which must have been brought to the surface, and probably was more impor- tant and influential than it had been since the minis- try of Gibson. The want of harmony in the parish was doubtless such as to make him question the use- fulness of his ministry, although never without the cordial, earnest support of a large portion'of the par- ish. In July, 1688, Mr. Moodey wrote to Mather upon the subject, "I need exceedingly your advice about going to Portsmouth, which is vehemently urged by my church and people, and the next week we are to take counsell about it. The church is dear to mee, and I could bee glad to be with them, but the circumstances of my removing hence and being there PORTSMOUTH. 61 are tremendous to mee. Pray for mee daily." At length he removed his pastorate here, and continued it for four years, wlien a dangerous illness seizing him from his wearying labors he went to Boston for medi- cal advice, and died there on Sunday, July 4, 1697. His funeral sermon was preached by Cotton Muther, from the text, " Looking steadfastly on him they saw his face as it had been the face of an angel," in which for all the virtues and gifts of a clergyman he is placed among the foremost of his day. " The church of Portsmouth," he says (a part of the couiltry that very much owed its life unto him), ''crys out of a deadly wound in his death." That Mr. Moodey had an impressive manner, which left an influence upon his hearers, I should judge from a trifling incident, that during the time of rebellion under Cranfield, one Waldron, talking by the road with another of the subject, said he had been thinking of a sermon he heard that Mr. Moodey preached at Dover, and his text was " in the time of adversity consider." That he hesitated not to bring all the influences of religion upon the politics of his day may be judged from the deposition during the Corbet conspiracy of one who testified Corbet had said Mr. Moodey's prayers were but babblings, but withal he must be regarded as a man of distinguished abilities, ceaseless industry, fervent piety, and during a long ministry in a difficult field resolute in his sense of right, full of kindness and sympa,thy, foremost in every good work, devoted to his parish, and faithful unto the end.' CHAPTEE X. PORTSMOUTH.— ( Ootitinued.) Separation of the Town of New Castle— The Parish— Lithoholia— Prom- inence of New Castle— Promiilent Inhabitants— The Sheafs Family— The JafFrey House, Separatioa of the Town of New Castle.— Until the year 1693 there was but one place of worship, the old South Meeting-house, for the inhabitants within the limits of Portsmouth, New Castle, Eye, Greenland, and a part of Newington. From the settlement at Odiorne's Point in 1623 the way was easy across the beautiful waters of the Little Harbor to the Great Island (as New Castle is even still frequently called), with its small and pleas- ant beaches, its higher rocks, and its securer defenses by nature from the attacks of the Indians. One finds at the present time graves in all parts of the island, and although, by reason of the inconveniences of the ferries and in the growth of the colony, Portsmouth became more prominent and engrossed nearly all the history of the settlement, we must not forget that for a number of years Great Island was of more impor- tance and the most populous and aristocratic part of I See chapter xv. the town. Here were the Governor's residence, the fort called William and Mary, on the site used ever since for the same purpose, the prison where Moodey and others were confined, the houses of several of the most wealthy and influential settlers, mansions of note for their day. In the year 1693 there appears the following record : " To the Honorable, ye Lieut. Governor and Councile of this their Majesties I^ovince of New Hampshire; the humble petition of the Inhabitants of the Great Islahd liumbly sheweth: "That whereas we, bein^ part of ye towno of Portsmo', anil liaviiiK found for many years great Inconveniences arising thereby in regard of the distance we are from the banclt, and no way to it but by water, wherein there is great difficulty at any time, but sometimes more esjiec- ially to the hazard of our liealths and lives, in going up to attend tlie pnhlilte worship of God at Strawberry banck and liaving many poore people amongst us, both men and women and children, whicji have no convenience of passage, by which means ye greatest part of our people cannot enjoy ye hearing of ye word preaclied to tliem, well causpth many times ye breach of ye Sabbath, and ye dishonor of God's lioly wor- ship; as also, our Island being ye mouth of ye harbor and Inlet into ye province, having the King's fort placed here, and all the stores of am- munition, wh. is of great Consequence andonglit at all times to be care- fully attended and lookt after; but if the Inliabitantsof this Island must be confyned to attend their duty at Strawberry banck upon every pub- lilte ocation, the King's foit is left destitute of assistance, and lyes ex- posed to ye surprizall of ye enemie and our owne destruction ; we there- fore, the Inhabitants of ye Great Island, being a competent number to make and uphold a townesliip, do humbly beg and desire of this honor- able board ye Governr and Cnuncill that we may be constituted a Towne- ship by ourselves, and that you would grant us the previleges and imunities as their Majestys have bin gratiously pleased to allow sutch a Townesliip, . . . and ye petitioners shall ever pray.*' This petition is signed by a number of persons, among whom we find names still common at New Castle. Of course there was considerable opposition on the part of Portsmouth to the petition. The select- nien appeared before the Council and confessed it was inconvenient for the inhabitants of Great Island to go to meeting at the Bank, and that the fort and stores ought not to be at any time deserted ; but there should be a minister settled on the island rather than a separate town. The Council, however, decided that Great Island should be made a township, and divided from the Bank, taking in Little Harbor and a part of Eye and on the 30th day of May, in the fifth year of the reign of William and Mary, 1693, fhe charter of the town of New Castle was given. It is written on parchment in black letter, or old English, and pre- served with great care among the town papers. The early records of New Castle, beginning in the year the town was chartered, 'and for a long' time sup- posed to be lost, have recently been returned from England in a state of good preservation, and written with accuracy and distinctness beyond our owu. From these records it appears that a meeting-house had been erected at least as early as 1693, for in De- cember of that year an order was put on " ye Meeting- House" for a town-meeting to agree with a "minister and discorse other things Necessary for the towne's Benefitt." The record of the meeting runs thus : " The Town mett on the 20th December at the Meet- ing-House and by the Inhabitants ; then to discorse 62 HTSTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. a minister were chosen ' a committee of five to join the selectmen to discorse and agree with a minister for the whole year next ensuing.' " The result was that Mr. (Benj'e) Woodhridge was engaged to be the minister for a year at a salary of sixty pounds and the contribution of strangers. Whence he came and wlien and why he left there is no record, but he is mentioned two or three times in a strange book writ- ten about that time and printed in London in 1698, to which we shall soon refer, and called Mr. Wood- bridge, a divine. I judge there was some trouble in regard to the salary, as this is a trouble which seems to run through the record, or the inhabitants felt that they had not been sufficiently consulted, for soon after Mr. Woodbridge was settled his advice was asked in regard to a successor. He named three clergymen, and of course the parish did not agree upon any one of them ; but in 1694 Mr. Samuel Moodey was "dis- coursed," and called by the parish at a salary of sev- enty pounds, finding himself housing and all other things on his own charge. This Mr. Moodey was a son of Joshua Moodey, the. minister of Portsmouth, and was graduated at Harvard in 1639. He remained until the latter part of 1702, or early in 1703, and thereafter appears at the Shoals, where he is spoken of as " a man of piety and a pathetic and useful preacher." The last record in regard to him is on a matter of salary, the town agreeing to pay him not all in money, but part in provisions, and thereafter he is spoken of as the late pastor. At a town-meeting held on the 24th of May, 1703, it was voted to settle Mr. John Emerson, at a salary of sixty-five pounds and the contributions of stran- gers ; and also to build a minister's house, "when the town is able," and to fence in the land belonging to the " ministry," and to pay the minister the freight on his house goods. Altogether they seem to have begun with Mr. Emerson with a good deal of enthu- siasm, perhaps because of his distinguished presence and gifts, which won promises they could not make good in money, for in 1710 Mr. Emerson complains to the town of the poor house in which he has lived ever since he came among them, and puts them in mind of their promise to build a parson's house. This seems to have led to some difficulty, which re- sulted in the loss of their minister, for although the town voted to build a parsonage, Jan. 18, 1710, the vote was not carried into effect for two years, and on the 17th of September, 1711, Mr. Emerson in- formed the town that he being sickly of the "ague, and the town not agreeing with him, he thinks it absolutely necessary for his regaining his health to move farther from the sea." He left in 1712, and in 1715 was settled over the South Parish of Portsmouth. When he left New Castle application was made to the president of the college and the minis- ter at Cambridge to procure a minister suitable for the place, and in 1712, November 24th, it was voted " that Mr. William ShurtlefF shall be ye minister in this town, and that he be called to office and ordained here," and in the same year it was voted " that ye Reverend Mr. William Shurtleff shall have sixty-five pounds per year for his annual salary during the time he lives single, but when his family increases by mar- riage it is voted that he shall have eighty pounds per year." In 1732 he gave up the. parish at New Castle, and on the 21st of February, 1733, was installed over the South Parish, where he had a ministry of great prosperity for fourteen years. , ' ^ The first meeting-house at New Castle, built in or before the year 1693, gave way to another in 1706, which was furnished with a bell of fine tone sent over from England, decorated with a beautiful altar- piece, and supplied with a silver communion service, to which was added a splendid silver cup, the bequest of a sister of Sir William Pepperell, and on the pul- pit was a large folio Bible with illuminated letters, printed at the University of Oxford. This meeting- house was, perhaps, as a whole, finer than the first old South at Portsmouth, standing at the same time. In these early records there are votes at the town- meetings which show the same general characteristics of the inhabitants in regard to social and religious customs that we have already noticed. We find the same order as to seating the townspeople in the meeting-house. We find it ordered " that one house- holder or more walk every Sabbath day in sermon time with the constable to every Publick House in ye town to suppress ill order, and If they think con- veiniant, to private Houses also." We find the same votes in regard to the entertainment of strangers, and giving their names to the selectmen if they re- main more than a few days. We find it ordered, " for the prevention of fire or other dangers which may hap- pen by smoking in the Meeting-House, that every per- son soe smoking at any meeting in the Meeting-House be fined." We find it ordered, " for the prevention of charge coming on the town by some certain noted com- mon drunkards, that the names of such persons be given by the selectmen to every publick house in the town in a paper, and a fine to be inflicted on whomsoever shall sell any drink to persons so noted and named." We find a vote that all the inhabitants shall pass the ferry free on Sabbath days and on all other public days ; and we find many votes at various meetings about 1720, and thereafter, in regard to building a bridge over Little Harbor, which was built, fell into decay and disuse, was swept away by the tides. An- other was built upon its site, of which within a few years almost the last traces have disappeared, and now, after the lapse of a century, the old discussion is renewed, and soon a third bridge will span the Little Harbor. Thus do the ways of travel return to their former courses. Lithobolia. — The most remarkable, incident in the history of Great Island is connected with one of the few cases of witchcraft in our neighborhood, and while one instance of the appearance of the witckes PORTSMOUTH. 63 at Little Harbor is in all the accounts, this, the far more extraordinary, has been almost entirely lost sight of. There are two roads that lead into the an- cient village, one by the water and the other a little farther inland. About a third of a mile east by south of the last bridge, on the latter road and very near to it, perhaps^ indeed, on it, as the highway has been opened since the building disappeared, and on the land now owned by Mr. John Locke, there stood, as early certainly as 1686, a large mansion with a gambrel roof, a hall extending through the lower story, with several spacious chambers above. The house belonged to one George Walton, called a planter, and among the inmates was one Richard Chamberlain, a prominent public functionary under Cranfield, being variously styled justice of the peace. Secretary of State, clerk of the court, etc., and near by was a friend of his, also prominent in provincial matters, Oapt. Walter Barefoot. When Chamberlain went home to England he wrote a book, which was printed in London in 1698, of which the following is the name and its explanation : " Lithobolia ; or the Stone-throwing Devil. Being an Exact and True Account (by way of Journal) of the various actions of infernal Spirits or (Devils Incarnate) witches, or both, and the Great Disturbance and amazement they gave to George Walton's family, at a place called Great Island, in the province of New Hampshire, in New England, chiefly in throwing about (by an In- visible hand) stones, bricks, and brickbats of all sizes, with several other things as hammers, mauls. Iron Crows, Spits, and other domestic utensils, as came into their Hellish minds, and this for the space of a quarter of a year. By R. C, Esq., who was a sojourner in the same family the whole Time, and an Ocular witness of these Diabolical Inventions. The Contents hereof being manifestly known to the Inhabitants of that province and known of other provinces, and is upon record in his Majestie's Council Court, held for that province, 4to. Dedication 2 pp. 16, London : Printed and are to be sold by E. Whitlook near Stationer's Hall, 1698." Lithobolia is a Greek word, signifying a throwing of stones, and is the title given to this book because it describes the intervention of supposed evil spirits whose manifestations took that form. The belief in witchcraft was then almost universal even among legal minds best trained to the examination and sift- ing of evidence. So easy is it for persons to see what they believe they will see therefore the book begins with a charge against the skeptical, incredu- lous, and infidel spirit of the age which should ven- ture to disbelieve such well attested things, as with equal reason one might as well deny his very senses, infidelity being always nothing more than the reproach of not accepting the belief of the majority, no matter how much stronger or higher our faith may be in something different. The malicious acts of these fiends ceased about the time the Governor arrived, so that he insisted Upon it that it was only the waggery of some unlucky boys, but this Chamberlain regards as impossible after the sight and testimony of so many considerable persons. These preternatural occurrences were supposed to be caused by the ma- liciousness of a neighboring woman, who pretended that some land of her field had been taken into the bounds of this George Walton, and who had been heard to say with much bitterness that Walton should never quietly enjoy that piece of ground. It would often be a source of grim satisfaction to many if they could thus call all the evil spirits to their kid in tormenting those who have infringed upon their rights. This true narrative, the writer says, is set down to rectify the depraved judgments and sentiments of such unbelieving persons as reject the operations and being of witches, and convince all who hear without prejudice by the testimony of eye-witnesses almost every day for a quarter of a year together. One Sunday night, about ten of the clock, this Richard Chamberlain, justice of the peace, lodging at the house of George Walton, heard many stones thrown and hit with great noise against the top and ail sides of the house. Walton and his neighbor, Amazeen, an Italian, had gone to examine the gate between their houses, which had a habit of being swung off the hinges and cast upon the ground, and as they returned to the house they were assaulted with a peal of stones, taken, as was supposed, from the rocks hard by the house (thus always, in spite of their belief in the supernatural and omnipotent agency, persons try to let the attendant circumstances make it easier for the divine agency) and by human hands as agents. Everybody in the house was aroused by the strange alarm, and all looked out as sharply as possible, it being a bright moonlight night, but could make no discovery. Then a shower of stones, some of them as big as the fist, came into the entry of the -house, whereupon they withdrew into the next room, none being hit save two youths. " Praised be Almighty Providence," says Richard Chamberlain ; for cer- tainly the infernal agent, constant enemy to man- kind, had he not been overruled, intended no less than death or maim. Forthwith they began a search ; they searched the hall, they searched the cellar, and of course the shower of stones began to diminish, but when they came into the room " these unfriendly lapidary salutations" were renewed. The windows were broken, and yet the stones had a way of coming apparently from the inside, forcing the bars and cast windows out, and themselves falling back into the room. One stone they took out of the glass of the window where it lodged itself in the breaking of it, in a hole exactly fit for the stone. Sometimes they scratched the stones, and found that the same ones were taken up and thrown at them again and again. After four hours of fright Chamberlain concluded 64 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. to go to bed (thus do the powers of nature overcome the supernatural, and we go to sleep even in the pres- ence of demons), but soon he was again awakened by another battery, when it seemed as if shelves, pic- tures, books, and everything had been knocked down, and upon all the household rushing to his room, they found a stone weighing eight pounds and a half, which had burst open the door. Soon after the mani- festations ceased for that night. It was a disturbed night for the household, and in the morning each one had some strange experience to relate, which probably lost nothing in the relation. That day while the men were at work in the field, and with Mr. Woodbridge, the divine, now present to see, the stones came jump- ing and tumbling on the grass, and upon one person skeptically asserting he was not persuaded, but that theljoys at work did throw them, the devil rewarded his infidelity by a blow with a stone upon the boy, which convinced the one and set the boy a-crying. That night Chamberlain began to play upon a musical instrument, perhaps to drive away his fears, — as hoifs whistle in the night, — when agreat stone came rumb- ling into the room, which, he says, was on a much different account than in the days of old, and of old fabulous enchantments, his music being none of the best ; and while many gathered at the house on ac- count of the marvelous thing, just as the atones were being thrown about, two youths saw a black cat in the fields, which was shot at, but missed by its chang- ing places, and being immediately at some distance, and then out of sight. The next Monday Walton went by water to a place called Great Bay, and as the men were at work in the woods felling wood, there came another shower of stones, which they gathered into a pile under a tree, and returning after a time found they had disappeared, and were again thrown about. Once again, returning from Great Bay with a load of hay, about midway in the river he found his boat in a sinking condition by the pulling out of the stopple in the bottom, — "a con- trivance, a combination," says Richard Chamberlain, " of the old serpent to have doomed my good landlord and his company." At one time, after a number of prominent persons gathered there had been won- drously affected by these strange things, they offered themselves to give testimonies, which Richard Cham- berlain, Esq., then wrote down, and several signed a paper attesting the truth of their being eye-witnesses of at least half a score of stones that evening thrown invisibly into the field and entry and hall and cham- ber of George Walton. Among these we find the Governor of West Jersey and the Deputy Governor of Rhode Island and other persons of note. Strange sounds sometimes attended the throwing of the stones, and besides the stones strange things flew about, and familiar things strangely changed their places. One of the worst days was Friday, the Ith of Au- gust, when the fence between Mr. Walton and the neighbor who was supposed to be the witch was maliciously pulled down to let their cattle into his ground, and when he and his servants went to put it up again they were pelted with above forty stones. Walton was hit divers times, and all that day as they were reaping it ceased not, and there fell above one hundred stones. Sickles were bent, and Mrs. Walton going out to make most diligent observation, to dispel the incredulity of some and confirm her own belief, met with a severe blow from the Unseen Power ; and Mr. Woodbridge, the divine, and Mr. JafFrey, the merchant, were all hit and injured. Thereafter the stony disturbances grew less, and last of all they ended with Mr. Walton, who, going in his boat from the Great Island to Portsmouth, to attend the Council which had taken cognizance of the matter, he being summoned thither for examination, as if to have a final fling at him (all such things generally ending upon proper examination), the devil hit him sadly with three pebble-stones as big as one's fist. One gash broke his head, which for evidence Cham- berlain saw him show to the president of the Council, and from the stroke of another he complained after- wards to his death. The " Lithobolia" closes thus : " Who that peruses these preternatural occurrences can possibly be so much an enemy to his own Soul and irrefutable Reason as obstinately to oppose himself to, or con- fusedly fluctuate in, the Opinion and Doctrine of Daemons and Spirits and Witches ! Certainly he that do's so must do two things more. He must temerani- ously unhinge or undermine the best Religion in the world, and he must disingenuously quit and abandon that of the three Theologick Virtues or Graces, to which the great Doctor of the Gentils gave the pre- cedence — Charity — through his unchristian and un- charitable incredulity." So it was the faith of that day that if witchcraft and a belief in the devil went, Christianity went too ; still they have gone, and Christianity remains. Prominence of New Castle. — At Great Island re- sided Cranfield and Barefort, and here was the Gov- ernor's house. Here, too, lived Robert Cutt, the royal- ist Episcopalian, whose Puritan brothers, Richard and John, at the Bank, took such a prominent part in our early history. Here lived Pendleton, Stileman, and Fryer, three leading persons in early church matters, and the first two among the seven names of those who became members at the organization of a church in 1671. Here lived Theodore Atkinson, for a long time foremost in all provincial matters ; Richard Chamberlain, holder of several offices, and author of " Lithobolia ;" Charles Story, secretary of the prov- ince. Here we first find the name of Tobias Lear, whose descendant became a somewhat eminent diplo- matist, and the private secretary of Washington. It would be a serious omission, and would leave this sketch quite incomplete were I not to mention another name whose descendants have held a prominent place in the town until the present day, — PORTSMOUTH. (i5 The Sheafe Family. — On an ancient monument within tlie diocese of Norfolk, of St George, Norwich, is this inscriptipn : " Here are buried under this stone, Thomas Sheff and his wife, Marion; Sonietyme we warr as yee now bee, And now we are as bee shall yee ; "Wherefore of your charite, Pray for us to the Triuitb. "Obyt. Mccclxxxxiii." Here, at Cranbrook, Kent, in England, we first find the Sheafe family, of whom it is believed Jacob Sheafe came to America with Rev. Henry Whitfield, and died in Boston. His son, Sampson Sheafe, came to Great Island in 1675, and here was the beginning of the family in this neighborhood. He had at New Castle housing, wharf, and lands, was one of his Majesty's Council, and collector of customs at Ports- mouth. His descendant, Mrs. White, was, in 1821, the sole member of the ancient church in Newcastle. The JafErey House, — This brings us to another and the last name of persons living at Great Island who had a conspicuous place in civil as well as eccle- siastical matters. In 1677, after Sampson Sheafe had returned to Boston, he contracted with one George Jaflfrey to go to Great Island and take charge solely of his goods, housing, orchard, and land, and to do no other business, in consideration of forty pounds lawful money of New England for two years, and to be found and allowed " good and sufficient meat and drink, washing and lodging." In 1682, Jaffrey was tried for an attempt to defraud the revenue, and this matter brought him into conflict with Rev. Joshua Moodey. It seems he was afterwards forced to flee and his house was taken by the government, for there is a record, dated May 16, 1684, ordering the " General Assembly to convene at Great Island, at the house late in posses- sion of George Jaffrey," and, again, "the talk is that his [George Jaffrey's] house must be court-house and prison both, and standing so near the Governor, it is judged suitable for both these ends, that he may have the shorter journey to Court, and the prisoners may be always under his eye." And last of all there is a note in the journal of Rev. John Pike: "George Jaffrey, Sr., of Portsmouth, one of the Council, journey- ing from Boston to Piscataqua on a very cold day, was taken sick and died at Ipswich. A man of singu- lar understanding and usefulness among us." The following description of the old Jaffrey house is from an account of it, partly a history, partly a fancy, by its present owner, and perhaps one day to be published: Oa Jaffrey's Point, which has been corrupted into Jerry's Point, stands this house, wellnigh two hun- dred years old, "substantially as he (Jaffrey) built and left it, and since lie himself somewhere says of his dwelling, that as any one might through his clothing see the general outline of his form, and through his form his soul, so his house was only a little farther removed from his essential nature." His house so near the sea was even nearer when it was Built. There is a succession of garments which a man wears who is in any degree free to chpose, and which reflect his being, and the spot where he fixes his abode is one of them. The sight of the sea must have been to George Jaffrey a necessary condition of healthful activity. From no window of his house is it hidden. And it is equally open to the sun, which goes round it in winter and over it in summer. He built it low to be out of the wind ; at the same time he chose a situation where no height was needed to bring into view all he wished to see, and he wisely spread it over a wide area of ground for comfort, con- venience, and because land was cheaper than air. The modern architect knows only how to put floor over floor, as is necessary in large towns, but the lines of buildings in the country should be horizontal and irregular. Under the roof, which he hung so low, he put many rooms, in no way resembling one another, all being of various forms, sizes, and heights. You seem to be in a different house as you step from one room to another. In the centre, and to crown the whole, he built the huge chimney-stack, with fire- places on every side, wide enough for a whole family to gather in, deep-mouthed, where you hear the wind roar in winter, and the swallows beat their wings in summer, and where children may stand and look up at the stars and sky, — a bringing, as it were, a piece of but of doors into the very heart of the domes- tic inclosure. Others build chimneys as a convenience for their houses, concealing and thrusting them out of the way as much as possible, but he evidently built his house as only an adjunct to the chimney, account- ing ample hearthstones of more consequence than rooms. This was the primary idea in the plan of the old mansion, and around this firm, capacious column of brick it grew as the ship grows from the keelson. When all was finished and he sat down by his open fires, now in one room, now in another, he grew more and more thoughtful ; "the affairs of the world sounded more and more distant." The old mansi<5n has seen its contemporaries fall away, and generation after generation pass on. Busi- ness and fashion were lured to our more flourishing town, and for many years few have gone through the fishing village to enjoy and rest in the beauties of the shore beyond, to be lulled by the rote of the sea, full of ri3st and unrest, or to feel the friendship of the light-houses as they send out from every point their guiding rays over the deep. We begin to go back in many things to the choice of our fathers. The dust-laden travelers of summer from our heated in- land may be glad of the sea anywhere, and throw themselves down where others have chosen for them, without variety and without beauty, and in their want of knowledge think it is all grand ; but one may go a good while along our coast before he finds any views more charming and enrapturing than those from the very sites of the old mansions at Great Island. 66 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. CHAPTER XL PORTSMOUTH.— ( Continued.) Manners and Social Life — Temperance — Use of Tobacco — Social Cus- toms — Clinrch Pews and Customs — Observance of Sunday — Cost of Living — Early Laws — The Isles of Shoals. Manners and Social Life. — While colonies vary very much in the purpose of their settlement and the character and plans and religious views of their leaders, the average settler is pretty much the same always. It is true of both the Bay and the Piscata- qua that they had a very large number, during the early years, of settlers of the very highest moral and social standing, merchants and citizens of the best quality of England's culture; it is true the religious views of the colonies differed ; it is . true that they were equally attached to their faith ; it is true that some members of each partook of that coarse, wild, and profane character which belongs to all new set- tlements, and it is true that the settlement here came so early under the sway of the Bay Colony, was sub- ject to their worship, and controlled by men of pre- cisely the same character with themselves, that it was not possible for anything but prejudice to suggest or keep alive the tradition of a substantial difference. This is perhaps the most suitable place to notice some of the customs, social and religious, which found an observance during the first part of our history, and being much the same in the various settlements, may give some idea of the social life in all. One cannot fail to mark the expressions of friend- ship or of religion which are found at the opening or close of business communications. The letters from one merchant to another seem incomplete without in- quiries about health, family, or asking the blessing of God upon their enterprises. Of course it is as possi- ble for good manners to conceal the intentions or dis- position of dishonesty, just as the forms of religion may advance the schemes of hypocrisy, but it is not generally so, and these expressions, even though the common epistolary form of that day hardly belong to a class of men utterly without the sentiment of relig- ion, abandoned to trade beyond all other settlers. Thus Thomas Eyre, of the Laconia Company, writing to Gibbins, closes his letter with this sentence, "I commend you and your wife, who by this I hope is with you, to the protection of the Almightie." Mason, sending to Vaughan an invoice of goods shipped to the company, finishes the letter with " Thus we commende you to God." Gibbins, writing back, says, " At large I wil write, if God wil, by the next. Thus taking my leave, I commend your wor- ship to Almighty God." Not less frequent are the expressions of friendship from the families of the proprietors to those of the factors, " With my kind love \o you and wife and daughter." And Mrs. Ma- son writes to " her loving friend," Ambrose Gibbins, And while these expressions abound, there is no rea- son to suppose they are suggested by any other than business relationship. Nevertheless even at that day there was a spirit of overreaching and dishonor in trade, which seems as old as trade itself, coming con- stantly to the surface. Ambrose Gibbins says, in a letter to Mason, " The merchants I shall be very cau- tyous [cautious] how I deale w"" any of them while I live. In Mass. a woman is excommunicated from the Boston Church for charging mechanics who worked on her husband's home with extortion, and a man is fined £5 for taking upon him to cure the scurvy by a water of no value, which he sold at a very dear rate." Temperance, — In matters of temperance early set- tlers are not apt to be the best .examples. Yet there is nothing which shows so well as history the progress the temperance cause has made. The convivial hab- its of one hundred, two hundred years ago would not be endured for a moment anywhere. Any one who will take the trouble to look up the social life of the English or Scotch, or of our own land, beyond the present or last century, is amazed at the custom of in- toxication or excessive drinking. While among the greatest of the evils we have still to deal with, the change has been very marked, and the excited and unfounded statements that we are intemperate be- yond all other people, or that, proportionately, the vice is greater in our day than in the past are made in utter ignorance and the extremest party or iiuiati- cal zeal. All these settlements were well supplied with aqtia vity, as it is spelled [aqvxL vitce, water of life), being the common name of brandy, or the spirit of wine. It comes in all the inventories as a part of the goods, and sack, the name of a Spanish wine now called sherry, is not infrequently in the accounts. We find it ordered by the court of Exeter that " no wines or strong water shall be sold by retail to the English but by Thomas Wardle," from which it would appear there were no restrictions upon the sale of liquor to the Indians, as the Arabs at the present day deem it all honorable to overreach the Christian infi- dels in any way; but in 1654, "Roger Stearne, of Hampton, is impowered and ordered to sell wine of any sort and strong licquors to the Indians as to their (his) judgment shall seeme meete and necessary for their relief in just and urgent occasions, and not oth- erwise," and there is a record of the House of Depu- ties of Massachusetts in 1654 as follows: "Whereas, it is judged most comely, convenient, and conducive to the dispatch of public service that the deputies ot the General Court should diet together, especially at dinner, it is therefore ordered that the deputies of the General Court the next ensuing year, viz., 1655, shall all accordingly dine together, and, that Lieut. Phil- lips, the keeper of the said Tavern, shall be paid for the same by the Treasurer for the time being by dis- counting the same in the custom of wine." In 1658 it is declared that " this Court doth expect that all the inhabitants of Piscataqua doe attend the observ- ance of our laws, in particular those concerning the PORTSMOUTH. 67 selling of strong liquors, and good order to be kept in ordinances." As early as 1637 the Legislature of the Bay Colony, perceiving the deadly effects of intem- perance, passed the severest laws, with probably no greater enforcement and no more beneficial effects than in the last few years ; but the best step in the temperance cause was when the Governor, in 1630, believing, from what he had seen of the custom of drinking healths in England, that it was contrary to religious obligation, "restrained it at his own table, and wished others to do the like, so as it grew by little and little to disuse." The extent of the evil is shown by the efforts to suppress it, e.g., we find in 1634, at Roxbury, for drunkenness, a man was ordered to be disfranchised, wear about his neck and so to hang upon his outward garment a D made of red cloth and set upon white, to continue this for a year, and not to take it off at any time when he comes amongst com- pany." With us, instead of being disfranchised, the drunkards are those in whom the politicians have the deepest interest. " Persons who keep homes of en- tertainment are forbidden to allow tippling after nine o'clock at night." In Londonderry, at the close of the last century, the evil was so great that at the installation of a clergyman a hogshead of rum was drank, and in one part of the house in which the minister lived was a tavern where spirits was sold and drank on Sunday by members of the church, and so wide-spread was the custom that on a fast-day, when the minister was supposed to be free to indulge in some special topic, he was widely denounced for preaching upon temperance. Use of Tobacco. — The use of tobacco, then com- paratively novel, but a habit which has a. fatal ten- dency to make its subjects ungentlemanly and rude, and to forget how disagreeable it may be to others, early became subject to legal restrictions. In 1646 we find, " Whereas there is great abuse in taking to- bacco in a very uncivil manner in the streets, if any person or persons shall be found or seen doing so hereafter he shall be subject to punishment;" and, again, " any person or persons who shall be found smoking tobacco on the Lord's day going to or coming from the meeting within two miles of the meeting- house, he shall be fined." Within two miles was construed to have no bearing on such as had a mind to smoke in the meeting-house, and so the loud snap- ping of tobacco-boxes after loading the pipes; the clinking of flint and steel, followed by curling wreaths of smoke, were not infrequent in the house of worship.- Thus early, too, we find the habit widely prevalent among the students at Harvard. Capt. John Under- bill, who was a conspicuous figure in the early settle- ment, went so far as to say " that having long lain under a spirit of bondage he could get no assurance, till at length as he was taking a pipe of tobacco the spirit set home upon him an absolute promise of full grace, with such assurance & joy that he had never since doubted of his good estate, neither should he whatever sins he might fall into," and "that as the Lord was pleased to convert Saul while he was per- secuting, so he might manifest Himself to him while making a moderate use of the good creature tobacco," — the only instance, I doubt not, since its discovery wherein it has been a means of grace. Social Customs. — Some of the customs and morals or immoralities of these early times may be gath- ered from the regulations passed in the interests of good order and religion. It was ordered "that no young man that was neither married nor hath any servant, and be no public officer, should keep house by himself without consent of the town where he first lived ; and that no master of a family should give habitation or entertainment to any young man to so- journ in his family but by the allowance of the in- habitants of the said town where he dwells," — this was that a strict watch might be kept over the ways of each person. It was ordered that Maverick, an Episcopal clergy- man on Noddles Island, and his family move into Boston, and entertain no strangers longer than one night, out of fear that he might countenance and har- bor the enemies of the Puritans, but the order as to his movmg was countermanded at a later date. At an important Synod held at Newton, May, 1637, it was resolved, " Though f. few women might meet together for prayer and religious conversation, yet large companies of them, as sixty or more, who con- vened weekly in Boston, taught by a particular one of their number in doctrine and exposition of the Scriptures, were disorders.'' A man accused of swearing was to have his tongue put in a cleft stick. A member of Harvard College, being convicted of speaking blasphemous words con- cerning the Holy Ghost, is sentenced to be publicly whipped before all the scholars, suspended as to taking his degree of Bachelor, sit alone by himself in the hall, uncovered, at meals during the pleasure of the president and fellows, and be in all things obedient, doing what exercise is appointed him by the president, or else be finally expelled from the College. In 1648 the wearing of long hair was condemned as sinful. The Governor, Deputy Governor, and mag- istrates entered into an association ttf prevent the growing evil. Forasmuch as the wearing of long hair, after the manner of ruflians and barbarous In- dians, has begun to invade New England, contrary to the rule of God's word, which says " it is a shame for a man to wear long hair, as also the commendable cus- tom generally of all the godly of our nation until within these few years, we, the magistrates, do de- clare and manifest our dislike and detestation against the wearing of such long hair, as against a thing un- civil and unmanly, whereby men do deform them- selves and offend sober and modest men, and do cor- rupt good manners." In 1638, in Massachusetts, the court taking into 68 HISTOEY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. consideration the extravagance which prevailed through the country as to costliness of attire and following new fashions, ministers, as the particular duty of their profession, were called upon to urge a reform in this respect on their congregations; "but," it is added, " little' was done about it, for divers of the elders' wives were in some measure partners of this general disorder." What would a settler of 1638 think of the disorder now ! In 1642 the General Court require that the children whose parents neglect to educate them shall have the particular attention of the selectmen where they live, so they shall learn to read and understand the principles of religion as well as the capital laws. In 1643, ordered that all parents and masters do duly endeavor, either by their own ability and labor, or by employing such schoolmas- ters or other helps and means as the plantation doth afford, or the family may conveniently furnish, that all their children and apprentices as they grow capa- ble may, through God's blessing, attain at least so much as to be able duly to read the Scriptures and other good and profitable printed books in the English tongue." In 1647 there is a long resolution in regard to the Bible in schools, so that the pupils may exercise greater vigilance against papacy, "it being one chief project of y' ould deluder Satan to keepe men from the knowledge of ye Scriptures, as in former times by keeping y" in an unknowne tongue, so in these latter times by persuading from ye use of tongue." The use of the Bibles in schools was to make each one read it for himself, the cardinal Protestant idea, and the greatest object of education to enable each to be able to read it, whence utterly ignoring the original idea, and entirely wresting it from its pur- pose, by a long custom it has come to pass that some not able to distinguish between a custom and a prin- ciple insist upon the idlest form of reading a few verses of the Scriptures as an essential part of our common-school system. Church Pews and Customs. — We have referred to the old South Church being for a long time without any pews. The church at Hampton had at first but one pew, and that for the use of the minister's family, the rest of the house being furnished with seats for the accommodation of the people. Each man was obliged to build his own pew, keep it in repair, to maintain all the glass against it, and he must build on the spot assigned him. In the town of Stratham there was an exception, where by a vote of the town "Mr. Andrew Wiggin shall have liberty to set in what seat he pleaseth in the meeting-house,'' while the .general law was "that when the committee have seated the meeting-house, every person that is seated shall sit in these seats, or pay five shillings per day for every day they set out of these seats in a disor- derly manner to advance themselves higher in the meeting-house. Persons were seated in church ac- cording to their rank or station in life or society, and Mr. was at that time a title of great distinction, to which a very small proportion attained. Even in the beginning of the present century it was Usual in the Scotch Kirk for the minister to bow from the pulpit to the lords according to their rank as they sat in the front seats, and there was often a rivalry entirely unbecoming the equality of souls before God as to who should have the first bow ; and in one parish the custom was given up, and inasmuch as they could not judge of themselves as to point of honor and descent, the minister was appointed to forbear bowing to any the lairds from the pulpit for the time to come. The distance persons walked for worship is almost incredible in our degenerate day. They came on foot from Eye, New Castle, and Green- land to the Old South Church over the bridge, and it was no uncommon thing for women to walk six or eight miles, and sometimes carry an infant child. Before the town of Bedford was set off its inhabitants for some time attended worship at Londonderry. They performed the journey on foot, and generally carried one or two children a distance of twelve miles. At a regular parish meeting held June 4, 1705, it was voted " that in consideration of their number, the distance they had to travel, and the dangers to be encountered in their attendance upon public worship, the inhabitants of Greenland be permitted to enjoy their own regular instituted means of grace, and that one hundred pounds be paid yearly, out of the town stock, as their proportion for the support of the min- istry during their maintenance of an able minister among them, and no longer." In want of a bell, a drum gave notice of the time of gathering for public, worship. By an ancient law a penalty of forty shil- lings, by way of a fine, was attached to every town not provided with a drum to call the people to meeting. There is an order of public worship in Boston as fol- lows: "It begins by ringing of a bell about nine of the clock or before." The pastor prays a quarter of an hour. The teacher reads and explains a chapter. A psalm is dictated by one of the ruling elders and sung. The pastor preaches a sermon, and sometimes gives an exhortation without notes. The teacher closes with prayer and benediction. Services begin at two in the afternoon, and proceed in the same order. When a minister exchanged, the ruling elder said to him publicly, after the psalm was sung, " If this present brother hath any word of exhortation for the people at this time, in the name of God say on." Before depa:rting in the afternoon one of the deacons said, " Brethren of the congregation, as God hath prospered you, so freely ofl'er ;" then the magistrates and chief gentlemen first, and then the elders and all the congregation of men, and most of them that were not of the church, all single persons, widows, and women in absence of their husbands, went up one after another one way, and brought their ofiering of money or chattel to the deacon's seat, and passed by PORTSMOUTH. 69 another way to their seats. Persons were appointed to have inspection of the audience during the public exercises, whose frequent rounds kept the children in order. The badge of their office was a pole with a knob on one end and a tuft of feathers on the other; with the one they rapped on the men's heads, and with the other they brushed the ladies' faces when they caught them napping. Music in these early days, as in the latter, was deemed a necessary part of worship, and had its attendant criticisms and disaffec- tions. The custom was from the earliest days to deacon the hymn, the precentor or leader of psalm- ody reading two lines and all singing them, and so on to the end ; but the singers wanted to break up the old habit of "lining" or "deaconing" and have it all their own way. At Stratham the matter was settled by a compromise, the deacon by vote of the town to read half the time ; but still he complained of the bass viol, saying " they had got a fiddle into the church as big as a hog's trough ;" while at Lon- donderry the precentor and choir both kept on at the same time, one reading and the other singing, until the latter gained the victory and sang the reader down. Observance of Sunday.— The obsel-vance of Sun- day was strict and general, but hedged round by so minute and constant command of the law that it is questionable if its true helpful keeping was ever so great as now. Those were good times for dull min- isters, when every seat in the church was filled, with- out regard to weather or the difficulty of traveling, by the tenor of the magistrate more than the fear or love of the Lord, and they were pretty serious times for such as some of you who would forsake the sanctuary for a walk, a drive to the beach, or a sail to the shoals, or the enjoyment of a cigar. In Octo- ber, 1668, the court ordered " That whatsoever person in this jurisdiction atiall travell upon tlio Lord's day, either on horsebaclce or un foote, or by boats, from or out of their owne towne to any unlawful assembly or meeting not allowed by law, are hereby declared to be prophaners of the Sabath, and shall be proceeded against as the persons that prophane the Lord's d;iy by doing servile worke." In 1682 it was enacted, — " For prevention of the prophanation of the Lord's day that whoso- ever shall, on the Lord's day, be found to do unnecessary servile labor, travel, sports, or frequent ordiuaires in time of public worship, or idly straggle abroad, the person so offending shall pay a fine often shillings, or be set in the stocks an hour; and for discovery of such persons it ia ordered that the constable, with some other meet pei-son whom he shall choose, shall in the time of public worship go forth to any suspected place within their precincts, to find out any offender as above." The restrictions of the Bay Colony, which of course , all came in force here, were exceedingly severe and minute. It was ordered " to the end the Sabbath may bee celebrated in a religious manner, that all that inhabjte the plantation, both for the general and particular em- ployments, may surcease their labor every Saturday throughout the yeare at three of the clock in the afternoone, and that they spend the rest of the day in catechizing and preparacon for the Sabbath as the minister shall direct." Whoever neglected to attend worship on Sabbath, fast, or thanksgiving without sufficient cause was fined five shillings. For fast especially this law would at the present time be a source of goodly in- come to the city treasury.. If profanation of the Lord's day were done proudly and with a high hand against the authority of God, it was to be punished with death. There is a record of an agreement with some Indians who came under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts in 1644, wherein the following conver- sation takes place: " Will you worship the only true God who made Heaven and earth and not blaspheme? We do desire to reverence the God of the English and to speak well of Him, because we do see lie doth better to the English than other Gods do to others. Will you refrain from working on the Sabbath ? It is easy to us ; we have not much to do any day, and we can well rest on that day." In 1630 it was ordered that a man be whipped for shooting at fowl on the Sabbath day. Those were fortunate days for the clergy, when any disrespect to them or their office was a matter of legal punishment, although a clergyman deserving of real respect never had so much — if not enforced, at least zeal — as at the present time. In 1682 it was enacted that " whoso- ever shall behave himself contemptuously toward the word of God preached or any minister thereof called and faithfully dispensing the same in any con- gregation, either by manifest interrupting of him in his ministerial dispensation or falsely charging him with teaching error, such ofiender shall pay a fine of 20«., or sit two hours in the stocks.'' There is a story on record of a minister in Bedford, this State, who had a neighbor with whom he was not on the best terms. One Saturday they came to sharp talk about their fences and cattle, which was heard by others, who predicted the neighbor would not be seen any more at church, but the next Sunday he was punctually there. After service they said, "We thought you would not be at meeting to-day after such a quarrel yesterday with the minister." " I'd have ye to know," was the reply, "if I did quarrel with my neighbor yesterday I did not quarrel with the gospel." Games, sports of all kinds, at all times .met with little favor, but on Sunday particularly with the severest censure. It was one of the matters by which the Puritans were especially distressed that King James permitted and encouraged dancing, archery, May-games, and May-poles, and any harmless recrea- tion on Sundays after divine service. When a May- pole was set up at a plantation afterwards called Braintree in 1626. it was a serious annoyance to the settlers at Nevif Plymouth, who called it " an idoll, yea, they called it the calfe of Horeb," and stood at defiance with the place, naming it Mount Dagon, threatening to make it a woful mount and not a merry mount; and in 1628, Endicott causes the May-pole to be cut down, aud rebukes them for their profaneness. In 1631 the court ordered all who have cards and dice 70 HISTORY OF ROGKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. in their houses to destroy them hefore their next session. In a proclamation of King Charles in 1633, besides permission for these sports, it is ordered " that women shall have leave to carry rushes to the church for decorating it according to their old custom." It is only within very recent years that any flowers and decorations and the observance of any days were per- mitted in the churches of the Puritan descendant, and still by many are regarded with fear and trembling and serious objection. Even as early as 1638 some of the colonists began to be alarmed about their degeneracy in matters of religion, and a fast was observed by reason of prev- alence of smallpox and fevers and decay of religion in the churches, which was ascribed to the spread of Mrs. Hutchinson's views. In 1634 there was a discussion at a lecture in Bos- ton about women's wearing veils. Cotton took the ground that whenever such a custom is not indicative of female subjection it does not come under apostolic command. Endicott took the other side, and in 1634 various regulations were passed against costlj- dress and compliance with unstable fashions tending to in- jure the Commonwealth. The settlement at Plymouth seems to have had greater privations in some respect than that at the Piscataqua, for in 1623, in a state of famine, as de- scribed by Governor Winslow, when he had seen men stagger from faintness for want of food, Capt. Miles Standish was sent here for food, where he was hos- pitably received and amply supplied; and in 1631, the very day before an appointed fast was to be ob- served, a ship bearing provisions came in, and the fast was changed to a thanksgiving day, whose re- ligious observance then had a meaning. " In the absence of bread they feasted themselves with fish. The wome^ once a day as the tide gave way resorted to the mussells and clam bankes, where they daily gathered their families' food with much heavenly discourse of the provisions Christ had formerly made for many thousands of his followers in the wilder- ness." Cost of Living'. — We have, however, abundant evidence. from the correspondence between Mason and his agent here that our own settlement was at times in great straits for provisions, and shared the priva- tions which are the attendant of almost all early col- onies. Separated from the friends and comforts of an old land, in dread of savage attacks, and doubtful about the bread of to-morrow, we cannot enter into their hardships while we enjoy the fruits of their sacrifices. The cost of living and the pay of labor seem to our rates exceedingly trifling, for we find an agreement between an innkeeper and the deputies of the General Court, by which they were to be provided with breakfast, dinner, and supper, with wine and beer between meals, with fire and beds at the rate of 8s. per day; but such as only dine to pay 18d. for dinner, with wine and beer betwixt meals, and by wine is intended a cup each man at dinner and supper is no more," but where would one get the 3s. or 18d. ? Early Laws. — Marriage, when it was celebrated, — a rare event in the early settlement, — was performed by a magistrate, or by persons specially appointed for that purpose. Governor Hutchinson, in the His- tory of Massachusetts, says he believes there was no instance of marriage of a clergyman during their first charter. Ambrose Gibbins, writing to Mason, says "a good husband with his wife to tend the cattle and to make butter and cheese will be profitable, for maids they are soone gonne in this countrie." In 1680 there was set forth a code of province laws of the General Assembly in Portsmouth, wherein, as in the Bay Colony, many of the Mosaic laws, es- pecially those against sensuality, were reproduced in all their severity ; the one against witchcraft, as we shall see, was little needed in our settlement. Here are two showing the relation of parents and children : " If any child or children above sixteen years old of com- petent understanding shall curse or smite their natu- ral father or mother, he or they shall be put to death, unless it can be sufliciently testified that the parents have been very unchristian, easily negligent of ye education of such children, etc." "If any man have a rebellious or stubborne son of sufficient years and understanding, viz., 16 years of age or upwards, wch. shall not obey ye voyce of his father, or ye voice of his mother, yet when they have chastened him will not hearken unto them, etc., such son shall be put to death or otherwise severely punished. There is a law which severely punishes any one who shall wittingly or willingly make or publish any lie wch may be tending to ye damage or hurt of any particular per- son, or w"' intent to deceive and abuse the people with false views or reports." " For preventing deceite in trade y' all men may be on a certainty in matters of contracts and bargains, it is ordered that all contracts, agreem'", or covenants for any specia whatsoever shall be paid in the same specia bargained for, any law, usage, or custome to the contrary notwithstanding," and yet so wise have some of our Legislatures grown by two centuries they have come to maintain that deceit in trade is the best thing, and any certainty in matters of business or trade the worst thing, for a nation. These are some of the customs and laws which re- veal the condition of our early settlers ; grown to a populous community, and with the lapse of many years, these customs of society and of worship have all been changed, the sumptuary laws and the strict laws for the surveillance of individuals, the inspec- tion of houses, the punishment of profanity, or in- temperance, or sensuality, or the breaking of the Sabbath have become dead letters, but society en- dures. Worship knows no failure, and schemes of re- form of every kind fill the air and enlist the prayers and sacrifices of all good wishers to humanity, and the dishonesties of trade, the sins of impurity, the PORTSMOUTH. 71 decline of interest in religion are common complaints and common fears. The severe oversight possible in a small colony is laid aside in a thickly-settled neigh- borhood, where, even with the deepest sympathies or interest, one hardly knows the persons living next him. The causes of danger or suffering of that early day have passed away with the resources of our vast laqd, extending through all zones, and the idea of in- dividual opportunity, of personal liberty and religious freedom, with which these colonies began, has widened beyond all conceptions of that day, and into a license which IS big with dangers. No law of the State comv pels us to worship or mark the boundaries of Virtue's path ; it is all left to the individual conscience. A divine idea, we Americans are wont to boast, and leading to divine things when rightly received, rightly interpreted, and rightly understood. If each one of our society to-day uses his liberty for the best things we are doubtless better off than when our an- cestors were hedged about by so manifold restrictions, but if he does not we are still far from safety or moral growth. The Shoals. — The Isles of Shoals were of course visited even earlier than the mainland. " Among the remarkablest Isles and mountains for landmarks," writes Capt. Smith, " are Smith's Isles, a heape to- gether, none neare them, against Accominticus." He evidently desired these islands to perpetuate his name and adventures, but after other patents divided New England he writes again, " But no lot for me but Smith's Isles, which are a many of barren rocks, the ■most overgrowne with such shrubs and sharp whins you can hardly pass them, without either grass or wood, but three or four short shrubby old cedars." The Isles of Shoals were included in the grant of the Laconia Company of 1631, but upon the failure of that venture the grant was divided in 1635 by a line which has continued to the present day, Gorges taking the northern half as a part of the province of Maine, and Mason the southern, as a part of the province of New Hampshire ; but some settlers re- mained there permanently and increased to quite a flourishing colony. For a long time the islands were a kingdom and government by themselves, and had a constantly in- creasing prosperity, so that the number of inhabitants ran up to about six hundred, and even with a semi- nary of some repute, to which some families on the mainland sent their sons to be educated. It was here that the three brothers Cutt first settled, removing to Portsmouth in 1647, but still carrying on business at the Shoals. The islands came under the sway of the Massachusetts about 1652, but a strong element of royalty and Episcopacy for a long time remained. In 1824 the population had fallen to sixty-nine, and within a few years it has entirely disappeared, and all the islands passed under the ownership of the pro- prietors of the large and flourishing hotels which year by year attract summer visitors. CHAPTER XII. PORTSMOUTH.— ( Continued.) The Navy-Taid— The " Falkland"— The " Kanger"— The "America"— The Ministry of Rogers— The Half-Way Covenant — A New Parish. The Navy-Yard. — It was because the early gov- ernment of this settlement saw, on account of the ex- tensive and fine timber lands and the advantages of th^ deep and never-closed harbor, an admirable loca- tion for ship-building that Portsmouth was chosen as a place for building .ships for the Royal Navy, and at a later date by our government for one of its yards, although the ofiioial name is the Kittery Navy-Yard. As early as 1650 there are records of timber for masts marked with the king's "Broad Arrow" as belonging to the crown. The "Falkland."— The first war-ship built here was the " Falkland," of fifty-four guns, in 1690, and in 1724 still in commission in the Royal Navy. In 1749 a ship-of-war named the " America," of fifty guns, was built for the British government by Col. Nathaniel MeservS. When the war of the Revolu- tion was seen to be inevitable this site at once recom- mended itself to the government. Governor Lang- don, then the owner of Badger's Island, offered its use to Continental Congress, and here, in March, 1755, was begun work on the frigate " Raleigh," of thirty- two guns, and the following May she was launched, and before four months had elapsed she was on the seas and had engaged in attacking four English vessels of war acting as convoy of a large fleet of merchant- men. It was one of the earliest engagements which gave promise of that brilliant bravery which surprised the world as it gained one success after another upon the seas, and over the ships of the greatest naval power in the world. The " Ranger." — The next ship built here for the Colonial government was " the Ranger," launched in 1777, and immediately given to the command of John Paul Jones, and with her he attacked and cap- tured the "Drake," a British vessel of greater power. The "America."— In 1776 the keel of the "Amer- ica" was laid at Badger's Island, the only ship of the line which the government at that time completed, and in 1782 this ship was given by Congress to France to replace the " Magnifique," one of her men-of-war, re cently lost i'n the harbor of Boston. This ship was captured by the British in 1794, and her name changed to the " Impetueux," and long regarded as one of the most valuable and beautiful vessels in the British navy, and yet her builder, Mr. Hackett, of Portsmouth, had never seen a ship-of-the-line. For a long time after the war little was done in the navy, but in 1798 the frigate " Crescent" was built, then the sloop-of- war "Portsmouth," next the "Soammell,"' and then the " Congress." It was not till 1800, the principal island, on which the buildings of the navy-yard are erected, that was purchased by the government and the 72 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. various provisions necessary for a naval station ac- tively began. From time to time appropriations were made for increasing its usefulness, from time to time some of the finest ships were here built, and during the late war of the Rebellion a large body of men was steadily employed, and the capacities of the yard enlarged until it became an important station for the government.^ The Ministry of Rogers. — The long ministry of Moodey ended in 1697, and after several attempts to settle a clergyman, on the 3d of May, 1699, Nathaniel Rogers was ordained minister of the town of Ports- mouth. He was born at Ipswich, Feb. 22, 1669-70, and graduated at Harvard in 1687. There are few names among the clergymen of Massachusetts more eminent than that of Rogers, and the same family which gave the minister to Portsmouth furnished to Ipswich pastors of the same name for a period of over a century. John Rogers, who was chosen to succeed Mr. Oakes as president of Harvard and was installed in 1683, is described as a man of such sweet disposi- tion that "the title of delieke generis himiani might have been given him, and his real piety set off with the accomplishments of a gentleman was like a gem set in gold." Of this Rogers, president of Harvard, our clergyman was the youngest son. Rev. Nathaniel Rogers was a man of great elegance in his person and deportment, of a most agreeable manner of preach- ing, and of eminent piety. He was a strict disciple of the Geneva school, a term used to designate the hearty supporters of Calvinism, whose centre of in- fluence and learning was in the Swiss metropolis. The disturbing matters which filled the pastorate of Moodey seem to have produced little irritation during the ministry of Rogers, and, as is often the case, those on either side who could find no harmony in the life- time of a person foremost in creating, sustaining, or bearing the reproach of the difl5culties and animosi- ties after his death are glad to be at peace for a while. Rev. Dr. Stiles says of Rogers, " he was a most excel- lent minister; and his ministry as well as that of that holy man of God, his predecessor, was eminently owned and blessed by the great Head of the Church." His work was quiet, faithful, and successful, but although repeatedly solicited to publish some of his sermons he always refused, and we have nothing by which to judge of the character of his writings ; and the influence of his ministry, which in all respects appears the best, was unhappily greatly lessened by a serious disturbance in regard to building a new church, which for a long time embittered the whole neighbor- hood, and even extended throughout the province. After being the minister of Portsmouth for fifteen years, preaching in the old South, Mr. Rogers was directed, by a vote of the church-members, to officiate in the new meeting-house which had just been com- pleted on the northeastern corner of the glebe land, 1 See chapter XV. the site of the present North Church. Here he re- mained preaching with acceptance and success for nine years until his death, on the 3d of October, 1723, making a total pastorate of twenty-four years five months. He was buried at the "Point of Graves;" but the slate which was let into his monument, and on which his epitaph was written, has long since dis- appeared. This inscription was written in Latin, with a Hebrew motto at its close, and with marked classical purity and taste, and fortunately before its destruction was copied by one of his successors, Dr. Stiles, and so has come down to us. Without being fulsome it briefly and beautifully portrays a faithful and distin- guished pastor, well named in the church records " the good Mr. Rogers." The Half-way Covenant. — It is somewhat re- markable that with a clergyman so strictly of the Genevan school as was Mr. Rogers his church should under his pastorate adopt what was termed the Half- way Covenant, but in the church records under date of April 21, 1707, we find the following: "At a church meeting legally convened it was voted that persons having a competent knowledge, and making a serious profession of ye Xian Religion, and being of a conversation void of scandal, upon ye owning ye covenant, and subjecting themselves to ye govern- ment of Christ in this church, shall be admitted to baptism, and have the like privilege for ye children." It would seem that to be well informed of Christian truth, and to seriously profess to obey its require- ments, to be of a walk and conversation free from all reproach, to confess the creed, and to be entirely subject to the Head of the Church would be sufficient to admit one to the questionable salvation by the form of baptism, but such was the severity of the Geneva school that all this was only half-way. A man might be of an upright walk beyond question, a glory of example of goodness to all the world, and yet, being without the formal test of election, redemp- tion, and faith, all his goodness was unavailing, and even might make against him. Nevertheless this Half-way Covenant was for a time quite popular in New England, and was in use in the new parish in Portsmouth until it was discontinued by Dr. Putnam. As might be supposed, among the strict followers of the Geneva school it could work only mischief, and deadness to the spiritual life, for it is a tacit admit- tance of the failure of that system through its exces- sive rigidity, and whatever religious tenets one holds to, he must hold to wholly, and not partially, to make them effectual. It might be likened, in some degree, to the old biblical distinction of the proselytes of the gate, in contrast with the proselytes of righteousness, the former being in the eyes of strict Jews only half converts, not required to observe the whole law, but only to abstain from certain heathen practices. A New Parish. — We come now to consider the gathering and history of a new parish. This matter has never had the careful investigation, or been set PORTSMOUTH. 73 forth in the simple historical accuracy it deserves. I find that it is quite as simple, and far more readily understood than most events in the past with which the historian has to deal. There was, as we have seen, some objection at the time to building the old South Church beyond the mill-dam, at the fork of the roads going to New Castle and the cemetery, and the matter was settled only by the appointment of a com- mittee by the General Court, which finally located it there. All the time there had been a small party want- ing it farther up Pleasant Street. Since the building of that first old South more than fifty years had passed away, and from the building of tlie first chapel near the Universalist Church nearly seventy-five. The popu- lation, which in 1657 I am inclined to think was not far from five hundred, had increased to at least twelve hundred in 1693, and yet they were all included in one parish, and their only place of worship was the old South Church beyond the mill bridge. From some old records I find that of this number, according to the same calculation, Great Island had about two hundred, when a separate parish was established there in 1693. There must still have been in the old parish, wide as its limits still were, allowing for the same rate of increase, although there is every reason to suppose it was much more rapid, at least twelve hundred inhabitants, whose only home for worship was the old South, and all the time the settlement had been growing away from the church and towards the Bank, as this upper part of the town was gener- ally called. The old church was not only in con- stant need of repairs, but was entirely too small to accommodate the large and rapidly increasing parish. We find in the town records the following : " At a Generall Town-meeting held at Portsmo, the 24th day of September, 1711, voted that a new meeting- house be built in the Town. Voted, that the new meeting-house be built on the corner of the minister's ffield, on ye place formerly appointed by ye Com- mittee, and that it be ye stated meeting-house of ye Town. Voters for the meeting-house are sixty-five; against, are forty-five." A committee was chosen at the same meeting " to carry on ye affaire of building s'' House," and the selectmen were empowered to raise money by way of a town rate for the said house. "This corner of the minister's ffield" referred to in the vote, was the corner of the glebe land we have already described, and the site of the present North Church. When this vote was taken there was no thought of any division, only of building a new church for the whole parish, but the parishioners at the south end were not willing to have it built so far to the north. It. is said they were willing that it should be built on the spot where later the house of Mr. Joseph Haven stood, or the rise of ground near it ; but the parishioners at the north end were not willing to go so far south. Instead of compromise, the matter grew only more complicated and excited, and as the new church went up the dissensions grew wider and fiercer. The people of Greenland, who were anxious to be set apart and have a parish of their own, all came to the aid of the north end, as the tradition was that in return, as soon as the new church was built, those for whom they voted would vote for their separation. While, however, a majority of twenty of the whole parish, meaning thereby the whole town, was thus in favor of the new church, and the minister, Mr. Rog- ers, was on that side, there is every reason to sup- pose that the majority was gained out of those who, by the increase of population towards the north, could not be accommodated at the old South. The church, meaning thereby the communicants, had at that day the chief authority in ecclesiastical matters, and after the new meeting-house was finished we find, under date of Jan. 7, 1714, the church voted " that Na- thaniel Rogers, minister of this church, should come to the new meeting-house erected at the Bank on ye next Sabbath, " seven night, and preach there, and con- tinue preaching there as formerly at ye old Meeting- House, and perform all other offices which appertain to his function.'' Unfortunately the record does not give the number for or against. We do not know how many church-members there were at this time, the men only voting, but the number was probably between twenty and thirty, as there were twenty male members at the time of Mr. Rogers' ordination, yet at the beginning of the present century the tradition was that while a majority attending the meeting voted for Mr. Rogers to go to the new meeting-house, an actual majority of the church-members were in favor of retaining him at the old. Hence it came that the feeling grew only the more violent, because the parishioners at the south end claimed that unfair measures had been taken to gain the vote, and so they determined to remain at the old South. In this, and this is a fact of great importance, and which has never been set forth, they were advised and sustained by an ecclesiastical council, and the counsel of no less dis- tinguished a clergyman than Dr. Mather, of Boston, whose advice and assistance the parishioners at the south end sought and followed. Mr. Rogers became much disgusted with the conduct of the ministers because they took the side of the people of the old church. Dr. Mather, on the other hand, blamed Mr. Rogers, and wondered how so good a man could discover so much ill humor ; but all ecclesiastical history shows that very good men can. The result of the council was, as in general, somewhat unsatis- factory to all sides, and says one of the early his- torians, " the societies separated and did not walk in love till that generation dropped off the stage." But the ecclesiastical council did not settle matters. It never does, and before long the subject comes be- fore the council held at Portsmouth. At a general town-meeting held Sept. 9, 1713, the redoubtable John Pickering, who was warm in the cause bf the 74 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. south end, was chosen moderator. After passing two votes disorders arose, and the justices dissolved the meeting ; but those who remained, with Picl^ering at their head, put a number of things to vote which were carried, such as that the old meeting-house shall continue town-meeting house forever, and when too much decayed with age to be repaired, that a new one shall be erected in its place ; that the glebe land (this was the serious cause of the trouble), for- merly given by the town for the use of the ministry, shall wholly remain to the benefit of the minister, who shall officiate in said house; that a committee shall wait upon Mr. Rogers to see if it be his pleasure to continue preaching at the old meeting-house during his .abode in the town ; if not, that the said committee shall provide an able minister for the said place of worship, and agree with him for his salary, which agreement, so made, shall be ratified and fulfilled by the town. But Mr. Rogers followed the vote of the church, and went to the new meeting-house, whereupon the old parish at the south end sent at once to Mr. Emer- son, of Great Island, or New Castle, to be its minister. Then the matter came to open war, each parish ap- pearing before the General Assembly by a committee. At a meeting of the Council of General Assembly of the province of New Hampshire, held on the 11th of May, 1714, we find the following : " Upon hearing of all parties referring to the meeting-houses of this town, and having seen and considered the grants, agreements, and votes of the said town of Portsmouth referring to the settlements of the Reverend Mr. Rogers, the present minister of the said town or parish, voted that the said Mr. Rogers be established the minister of the said town, and be confirmed in the possession of the glebe land or parsonage lands according to the agreement with the town. It is further ordered and directed that his salary or main- tenance be raised by the selectmen from the inhabit- ants, and paid him from time to time as heretofore.'' The General Assembly, at its same session, goes on to say, " And further considering of the great increase of the inhabitants of the said town of Portsmouth, that there be two ministers, two meeting-houses main- tained in the said town, and that the two meeting- houses now in being are the houses and places directed and agreed upon, and to be finished and repaired at the expense of the whole town ; that Mr. Rogers and his maintenance be established as above provided; that the minister of the other meeting-house at the Mill Dam shall be named and chosen by an assem- bly of all the freeholders in the said town, and have his salary and parsonage house provided and main- tained at the charge of said town. And whereas Mr. John Emerson has served in the congregation at the meeting-house near the Mill Dam for some time past, there be made him at his departure a present of fifty pounds with thanks for his services there, the said fifty pounds to be paid out of the town treasury, and to be raised at the next town tax." This present voted to Mr. Emerson was probably with the idea that he was only a temporary supply, but it was soon found he was to be the popular and successful minister of the parish permanently. This order of the General Assembly did not bring peace. Selectmen were chosen now on one side and now on another ; petitions were sent to the General Assembly now on one side and now on another. Town officers were chosen at the new meeting-house and also at the old on 7th of June, 1714 ; and it was left for the Governor to say which should serve. We find at another meeting held the 27th July, 1714, the Indians took up so much time of the General Assembly that it could not further pro- ceed in relation to the selectmen of Portsmouth, but for the present voted that out of nine persons set down in margin (of petition) there be five picked by his Excellency the Governor to do the public service of the said town as selectmen till the 25th of March next. The Governor picked or chose those elected at the new meeting-house; and then the Assembly " voted a concurrence with the order of the Governor and Council, and considering the regularity of the town-meeting at the new meeting-house the 7th of of June, confirm the town clerk and all other officers then chosen and the votes then passed about the new meeting-house, and ordered that the officers stand as such until the 25th of March next, and that be the day for annually electing town officers." This of course was but a temporary matter, and as the months went on the town found the necessity and possibility of sustaining two flourishing parishes ; but the embit- tered feelings were not allayed by the votes of the General Assembly ; peace did not reign at the Bank or at the Mill Dam. At first the advantage seemed to rest with the new parish, which had the strength of votes, but in January of the next year we find at a meeting of the Council a petition appears from the persistent Capt. Pickering, presenting it personally, and the Council orders the clerk to read a summons to ye town of Portsmouth, to show cause if any there be why orders may not be given in favor of the peti- tioners belonging to Portsmouth, mostly residents on the south side of the Mill Dam ; and the Council, January, 1715-16, "ordered that ye Rev. Mr. Na- thaniel Rogers and Mr. Emerson be ye two estab- lished ministers of the town of Portsmouth, and that they be each paid one hundred pounds per annum out of the treasury of the town of Ports, aforesaid, according to the orders made by his Excellency Col. Dudley, the Council, and Assembly of this province in May, 1714, and that the selectmen of the town of Portsmo. aforesaid, for the time being, give out their warrants from year to year to the constables for collecting the same and all such as are inhabitants [ratable at law] of s'^ town in proportion, except those that are of the parish of Greenland ; and further y' the P'sonage house on ye north side of the Mill '' Dam be built at ye public charge of the town except PORTSMOUTH. 75 as before excepted. Also y' as ye N. meeting-house was built by a public tax, ye old one be repaired, and both maintained from time to time out of a joynt stock; and that ye two petitions relating to this mat- ter [viz.], ye petition preferred by Capt. Pickering, and ye petition preferred by Mr. Jaffrey, be dismissed." This vote of the Assembly makes each parish of equal importance so far as public matters were con- cerned; but then there arose another trouble out of the embittered feelings. In providing the minister's salaries, it seems the selectmen as they were on one or the other side would rate some of the parishioners in the wrong parish and so make them pay a double parish tax, and wardens generally find that most per- sons are ready to pay at least but one. The redoubt- able Capt. Pickering, in the midst of the difficulty, added fuel to the flame by some ways that were at least strange. It seems that a paper was signed, by which for certain advantages some of the parishioners at the new, to bring peace, agreed to contribute cer- tain sums for one year for the support of the minister at the old meeting-house, but afterwards found the paper was drawn up without limitations as to time." Thereupon we find in 1716, May 17th, this vote: "For preventing of any future disturbance & difference that has or may arise in ye town of Portsmo. about ye minister's salary in ye town, voted, that the subscri- bers to & constant hearers of ye Eev. Mr. Rogers at ye new meeting-house be impowered and enabled by an act to support him there in the ministry by an equal assessment on themselves, & that they be ex- cused paying anything towards ye support of any other minister in ye town until named & chosen by an assembly of all ye freeholders of ye town accord- ing to an act of Gen. Assembly of'ye 11 May, 1714, that the hearers of Mr. Emerson have ye same power for raising his salary among themselves." At the same session there came before the Assembly the fol- lowing petition : " The humble petition of severall of ye Inhabitants of ye town of Ports"" in behalf of themselves & others humbly sheweth ; That whereas upon the Removal of Rev. Mr. Rogers unto ye new meeting-house, we, being disposed for one year and no longer to support a minister at the old until mat- ters of ye town were amicably accommodate, did in- advertently sign unto a certain instrument without reading or considering the contents thereof, & being since informed that ye import of the s'' instrument was without any limitation of time, whereby we & our successors are greatly insnared to our unspeaka- ble hurt & prejudice, doe humbly pray that ye said instrument may be produced, whereby the false insin- uations of those that insnared us may be detected, & that we may be released therefrom." Still for two years longer the matter came con- stantly before the Council and General Assembly, and the whole province was affected by the quarrel, until at last the selectmen each year, with the help of the wardens, made out a list of each freeholder and the parish to which he belonged, so that no longer was the same person compelled to pay both, and no longer could any one escape paying to either by claiming a house of worship now at the north and now at the south. The result of the whole trouble was that the two parishes were declared to be the two parishes of the town, and, went on with a prosperity which has hardly known a pause until the present day. The north was the new parish, and made up principally of the new settlers in this part of the town, while the trouble seems to have had little efiect upon the old as a parish ; it called another pastor at once, paid him the same salary that the whole town paid to Mr. Rogers, and seems to have known no break in its his- tory or its influence or its strength, but there was no such thing as first or second parish or church spoken of. It was always the old meeting-house and the new, or the parish at the Mill Dam or the parish at the Bank. The vote of the majority of the church as a body of communicants, being the more import- ant legal body in that day, gave them the right to take with them the church records and the commu- nion service, perhaps a part of the old service which belonged to Mason and the first Episcopal Chapel, and to compel Mr. Rogers to go with them. But the north was never in any sense the first church of Portsmouth, for that, as we have seen abundantly confirmed, was Episcopal. The South Parish retained the old meeting-house and a majority of the old parish. Whatever legal rights a majority vote of parish or church may con- fer, no going away of a part can affect the earlier history which belongs equally to each. The associa- tions which cluster around a locality can never be voted to another place, and around the old South Church clustered and always will the recollection of the early settlement. For a long time the history of the two parishes was the same, that of the church of Portsmouth, and when it flowed into two channels it was fortunately to witness a prosperity for each of which neither need be jealous. The first difiiculty was in regard to the location of the church, the next was doctrinal. CHAPTER XIII. VORTSUOVTR.— {Continued.) Re-establiahment of Episcopacy — Rev. Arthur Brown — Dr. Bancroft — Dr. BurroiigbB — 'Rulers until the Revolution — Benning Wentworth — Sir John Weutwoi'th — Principal Names in the Earl.v Settlement — Henry Sherburn — John Pickering — Samuel Wentworth-^Sir William Pepperell — The Siege of Louisburg — Champernowne — Succeeding Ministers of the Old South Parish — Emerson — A Church at the Plains — Absence of the Spirit of Persecution — Witchcraft — A New Church — Shurtleff^Clerical Anecdotes — Revival under Whitefield — Strong — Jonathan Edwards — Ministers of the North Parish — The Universal- ist Parish — Various -Events — Visit of Washington — Conclusion. Re-establishment of Episcopacy.— The persist- ency with which persons for generations cling to 76 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. their theological inheritances, even at times without being able to give any reason for tliem, is well illus- trated in the re-establishment of Episcopacy in Ports- mouth. This element never entirely died out here, but was cherished in a few families or individuals, ready to manifest itself at any opportunity which promised to give it an organization and a home. It was stronger in the Piscataqua than any of the his- torians have yet acknowledged. It was clearly a part of the early settlers' plan to make this a Church of England settlement, but the ascendency of the Mas- sachusetts soon put all the interest here in the hands of the Puritans. The first minister, a strong defender of the Established Church, was banished simply for that reason, and for a long time Episcopacy seemed entirely destroyed. In the first quarter of the eigh- teenth century quite a serious trouble was brewing in regard to the boundary line between the provinces of the Massachusetts Bay and New Hampshire. As early as 1730, Col. David Dunbar was chairman of a commission on the part of this province to meet a committee of the Bay on the adjusting of this line. He was a native of Ireland, and appointed Lieuten- ant-Governor of this province in 1731, and also sur- veyor-general of the woods. He had been a colonel in the British service, and being commander of the fort at Pemaquid, he assumed the government of all the inhabitants in that part of Maine; but exercising the military discipline with considerable rigor, he came into collision with the land proprietors, who applied for relief to Governor Belcher, and he issued a proclamation ordering the inhabitants to submit to the Massachusetts instead of Dunbar. The Governor and his lieutenant were in contention as long as Dun- bar remained in the country. Dunbar had command of the fort at New Castle, and in retaliation made everything as uncomfortable for Governor Belcher as he could. The latter came into power in 1730, as Governor of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, was ambitious, arbitrary, tyrannical, and unjust, par- tial to Massachusetts, and unfriendly to New Hamp- shire, and it is probable that reaction against his counsels and decisions hastened the ecclesiastical as well as the political opposition to his rule. While Dunbar had charge of the settlement of the boundary line, which threatened to bring the prov- inces into open war, one Capt. John Thomlinson, a merchant of London well known in New Hampshire, was agent for the matter of the boundary at the court of Great Britain ; and in this Thomlinson, Dunbar found a zealous friend of the new church movement. Theodore Atkinson, one of the most prominent citi- zens, and whose name constantly appears in all .po- litical matters, was also foremost in aiding it. It was begun in 1732, and the church was finished in 1735. This church was a frame building, somewhat smaller than the present one, with a steeple like that of the old South, and two entrances, one on the west, the other on the south. On the north side the central of the wall pews was raised above the rest, a heavy wooden canopy built over it bore the royal arms, and red plush curtains were festooned around it. Pre- vious to the Kevolu'tion this was called the Governor's pew, and in 1789 was occupied by Washington when on a visit to Portsmouth. The bell was taken from Louisburg at the time of its capture in 1745, and in that year presented by the officers of the New Hamp- shire regiment to this church. The most valuable relic and ornament of the church, the font, a beauti- ful piece of porphyritic marble of a brownish-yellow color, was plundered from a church in Senegal, Africa, by Col. John Tupton Mason, and presented by his daughters to Queen's Chapel ; but, however inter- esting for its history, it confers only disgrace upon its capturer, for, according to the general rules of all Christian warfare, the churches are exempt from spoliation. Rev. Arthur Brown. — On the 18th of August, 1735, and chiefly through the earnest activity of his ardent admirer, Dunbar, an invitation to Rev. Arthur Brown was extended and accepted, and he became rector of Queen's Chapel, the salary being assured by the liberality of the English Society for Propa- gating the Gospel in Foreign Parts. His ministry was popular and successful, and lasted until 1773, when, on a visit to Cambridge, he died, at the age of seventy-four, and was interred in the Wentworth tomb of Queen's Chapel graveyard. All the tributes offered to his memory show that he must have been a man of real culture, of unpretentious goodness, of eminent worth. It was not owing to his popular gifts and assiduous labors only that his success was so marked. The times were propitious and helpful to second his own and the enthusiasm of a people gathered with all the interest attendant updn the establishment of a new church. Every official of the government was expected to belong to the Estab- lished Church of England ; the ofiicers of the army and navy were all really compelled to choose that faith. The Eev. Mr. Brown was as fortunate in his death as in his labors, for it occurred just as the troubles were gathering with England, and the break- ing out of the war promised for a time to crush every- thing which related to English customs and English worship. The parish, which had enjoyed great pros- perity for nearly thirty years, suffered a sudden and almost entire overthrow and extinction, and Episco- pacy was reduced to a state almost as low as at the close of the ministry of Gibson, more than a century before, and for almost twenty-five years after the death of Mr. Brown the church was almost entirely neglected. After the Revolution, two or three suc- cessive rectors were not very successful in their min- istrations, and in the winter of 1806 the church was destroyed by fire. At that time the South Parish was without a pastor, and the use of the church was offered to Queen's Chapel, now changed to St. John's, and for some time it was not unusual for the two PORTSMOUTH. 7Y societies to unite in public worship, the same clergy- man frequently officiating for both parishes, reading the Book of Common Prayer one part of the day, and following the simple congregational order of services for the other. The extremely feeble condi- tion of this sect in this part of New England at that period is shown by the fact that there was no Epis- copal visitation of the Portsmouth parish from 1791 to 1812. In this latter year we have the first record of the administration of the rite of confirmation. Dr. Burroughs. — Mr. Charles Burroughs, then in deacon's orders, had been the minister of the parish for three years, but never had the opportunity of being confirmed. The records show that on the day preceding his ordination to the priesthood he received confirmation, together with one hundred and fifty of his congregation, and in order to be or- dained as deacon he had been obliged to journey to Philadelphia. With the establishment of peace and liberty of conscience, and under the attractive ministrations of Dr. Burroughs, St. John's again took its place among the flourishing churches of Portsmouth. Dr. Burroughs was born in Boston on the 27th of De- cember, 1787, and there his early boyhood was passed. He enjoyed and improved the best opportunities of that day for a classical education, in which he made great attainments, and all through life enriched a mind of fair proportions with all the elegant liter- ature of ancient or modern times. He came to Portsmouth as a reader in 1809, and such was his reputation for entering into and rendering the beau- ties of the church service, and the entire satisfaction he gave as a writer, that many from other parishes, being occasional listeners, confessed to a willingness to remain permanently if Mr. Burroughs could be induced to take the care of the parish. Among all the distinguished men of Portsmouth in his long ministry, Dr. Burroughs was still eminent for his rare gifts of conversation, for his ample culture, for his elegant hospitality at his beautiful home, for his inborn and acquired grace of manner, for his unfailing liberality, for his daily walk in harmony with his altar professions. He was rector until the year 1857, a citizen of Portsmouth until the 5th of March, 1868, when he became a fellow-citizen with the saints.' Rulers until the Revolution. — In 1717, after a good deal of rivalry and disturbance between the Governor, the Lieutenant-Governor, and the Assem- bly, the king removed Vaughan from office, and John Wentworth was appointed Lieutenant-Governor in his place. John Wentworth. — John Wentworth was the grandson of William Wentworth, the first of the nam'e in this country, whose son, Samuel Wentworth, of Portsmouth, has been already referred to. William was an elder of the church at Dover, and occasionally 1 See page 95. preached there. John was born in Portsmouth in 1671. Under his rule the town had a period of peace and steady prosperity until 1730, when again a dis- turbance arose from the appointment of Belcher as Governor of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, who from some petty displeasure turned out of office the friends of Wentworth ; but the Lieutenant-Governor died in this same year and Dunbar was appointed in his place, and retained the place under constantly-in- creasing opposition until 1741, when the great dissat- isfaction against him as well as Governor Belcher resulted in the erection of New Hampshire into a separate province, with the appointment of Benning Wentworth as Governor in 1741. Benning Wentworth, — Governor Wentworth was a son of the former Lieutenant-Governor John Went- worth, and was born in Portsmouth in 1696. He be- came a merchant of prominence and a person of much influence in the colony, and his appointment was received with great satisfaction by the people. He married for a second wife Martha Hilton, his housekeeper, upon which incident is founded Long- fellow's story of Lady Wentworth. The expedition against Louisburg was the principal and exciting event during his tern> of office, which ended in 1766, just as the Stamp Act was arousing the indignation of the American people. Sir John Wentworth. — Sir John Wentworth, a nephew of Benning, was appointed as Governor in 1766, and also as surveyor of all the king's woods in North America. He was born in Portsmouth in 1736, and, while on a visit to England, became a favorite of the Marquis of Rockingham, through whose influence he received his important offices and entered upon them in 1768, landing at Charles- town, and crossing from that port by land to this town. But the times were growing troublesome for all 'the English officials ; the sense of oppression and the de- sire for liberty were rapidly spreading, and in 1774, be- cause of the aid the Governor rendered to Gen. Gage, the excitement of the people was so great that he was comi^elled to take refuge, first, in the fort at New Cas- tle, and then upon an English man-of-war in the har- bor. He remained in England until peace was de- clared, became Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia, and died in 1820. He was a friend to education, and gave forty-six thousand acres of land to Dartmouth Col- lege, and also a grant to each member of the first grad- uating class. After he left the country and the war of the Revolution secured the independence of the United States, this settlement, whose history we have sketched in its most important events, became, with New Hampshire, a part of the American Union, arid entered upon that marvelous prosperity which has won for this country the admiration and envy of the world. A Few of the Principal Names in the Early Settlement.— Heney Sheeburne. Among those who were very prominent in the civil and ecclesiastical rs HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. affairs of this colony was Henry Sherburne, from the beginning an active churchman and a warden of the first church of the Piscataqua settlement. His asso- ciate warden, Walford, appears some years later as the husband of the witch Goody "Walford, and there may be some reason for the supposition that the charge of witchcraft had a connection with the ani- mosity existing between the Independents and church party. Sherburne appears in this settlement as early as June, 1632, when the Bay Colony came into rule here and it was evidently no longer possible to main- tain Episcopacy. Sherburne still took an interest in supporting public worship, as approved by the ma- jority, although by no means to his own mind. We find him appointed by the town to go in search of a minister, and also engaging to entertain the minister when he came. All this was in the faith that the re-establishment of Episcopacy might occur at an early day, and in this faith it doubtless was that we find him in the first list of the subscribers to the sup- port of Moodey while officiating at the old South in 1658 ; but when his faith by force of circumstances grew less, and it was evidently the intention of the Bay to establish their ecclesiastical system here, with all its vigor, then Sherburne refused altogether to contribute towards the support of doctrines he did not accept, for in a list of subscribers to the mainte- nance of Moodey in 1671 we find annexed to the names of Henry Sherburne and Richard Sloper, his son-in- law, the note " will not subscribe." Nor is there any want of Christian liberality or Christian charity in that, rather is it to be commended. There are persons enough without any religious connections, and with- out attachments to any of the various doctrinal sys- tems, and those who deem all equally good or equally poor, can help support all ; but it is not the best- placed charity or the most commendable spirit, for the sake of improving a neighborhood, or being re- garded as generous, or becoming popular, to con- tribute to the advancement of views one does not think helpful to a higher religious life. John Pickeeing. — In the list of inhabitants of Portsmouth who, in 1640, made a grant of fifty acres for a glebe land for the use of the ministry we find the name of John Pickering, who in himself and his descendants was to play a conspicuous part in town matters, both civil and ecclesiastical. The first John Pickering appears in Portsmouth as early as 1635, perhaps as early as 1630. He came here from Massachusetts, and probably was the same person spoken of as being at Cambridge soon after that town was settled. He died on the 18th of January, 1668- 69, leaving a large family. It was his son John who became so prominent in church and town affairs. He was born about 1640, and died about 1721. He first comes into notice as a military man, for which his character and talents seem eminently to have quali- fied him. As captain, he had a command in Ports- mouth for a number of years. When John Cutt was appointed first president of the separate government of New Hampshire, in 1680, Capt. Pickering was a representative for the town of Portsmouth, and he was also a member of the Assembly called by Cran- field and dissolved in great wrath because it would not raise the money he desired. It is mentioned in the early records that during the suspension of government consequent on the im- prisonment of Andros in 1689, Capt. John Picker- ing, a man of " a rough and adventurous spirit and a lawyer," " went with a company of armed men to the home of Richard Chamberlain (who wrote the book called Lithobolia, or Stone-throwing Demon at Great Island, of which we have given an account), & who had been secretary of the province under Andros & clerk of the Superior Court, & demanded the records & files wh. were in his possession, & upon refusing to deliver them up without some warrant or security) Pickering seized them by force, carried them off, and concealed them, and in turn was by force compelled to deliver them to Lieutenant-Governor Usher." Voluntarily or by selection he seems to have been engaged in several such enterprises about records of both church and State. In 1697 he was appointed king's attorney, with Charles Story secretary of the province and clerk of the Council, with all the records and files committed to his care. Story did not attend one of the adjourned meetings of the Council; was reprimanded for neglect of duty, and ordered to sur- render all his papers. Upon refusing to do so the sheriff and Capt. Pickering were ordered to take with them sufficient assistance, and'to make diligent search in any houses, rooms, closets, chests, trunks, or other places within the province for the said papers. He was a member of the convention which in 1690 recom- mended a reunion with Massachusetts, and was chosen a member of the Assembly which met at Boston for a number of successive years, and was several times chosen its Speaker. As a lawyer he could not have been without popularity and confidence, for in 1707, when the great cause of Allen vs. Waldron, involving Allen's title to the province of New Hampshire, was tried for the last time, and all the strength of each side was brought out, embracing some of the first men in the province, Capt. Pickering was selected as one of the counsel to defend the houses and lands of the inhabitants. The Hon. John Pickering, LL.D., of Newington, was a descendant of the second son of the first John Pickering, of Portsmouth, but the ancestor of the distinguished Timothy Pickering was a John Pick- ering, of Ipswich. In the affairs of the church it was this Capt. Pickering who was appointed to build the stocks and pillories for the punishment of offenders, and on account of his remarkable strength, of which stories apparently fabulous were handed down,' was chosen at the time of Mr. Moodey's settlement to keep the congregation in order, reserve seats for the dis- tinguished guests ; but he let all in before the time, on the theory that at church one person was just as PORTSMOUTH. 79 good as another. When the difficulties began in regard to the site for the new church, which ended in the formation of a new parish and animosities which disturbed the peace of the whole province for a generation, Capt. Pickering was the leading spirit in the old South Parish, who carried everthing as he willed at the town-meetings, either by persuasion or by force, strenuously opposed building the new meeting house so far up as the site of the North Church, car- ried the matter again and again to the General Court, and generally with success for his side; was foremost in all matters concerning the old parish, and when at last the old church could be no longer repaired and kept as he made the town vote it should be, " the meeting-house of the town forever," he devised to the South Parish a lot of ground for a convenient site for another meeting-house to be set off to the said parish, " on the highest part of his neck." He was a large real-estate owner at the south- end of the town, and what was called " Pickering's Neck" was a part of the land on which the fourth place of wor- ship for the town of Portsmouth was built, being the church of the South Parish until the present stone church was built in 1824. Samuel Wentwoeth. — In the list of subscribers to the support of Mr. Moodey, and so, of course, among the worshipers at the old South, we find the name of Samuel Wentworth. This is the first of the family, afterwards so prominent in public affairs, who ap- pears in our town. At that time the vicinity of Point of Graves was the principal part of Portsmouth. For a while Samuel Wentworth lived at Great Island, and afterwards built by Puddle Dock, on the south side of the dock, at the north end of Manning Street, the first Wentworth house, still in good preservation. It was in this house that the first Lieutenant-Gov- ernor, John Wentworth, his son, lived, and here was married in 1693, and owned all that part of the town as far as the South Church. After the gathering of the new or North Parish some of the family of Samuel Wentworth are found in that, while to others belonged an active part in the formation of the Episcopal parish. When Great Island became a town, under the name of New Castle, in 1693, several of the prominent parishioners at the old South became identified with the church at New Castle, and some still retained a nominal connection and even an active interest in the old parish, as well as in the North after its estab- lishment in 1714. Among these were Cranfield and Barefoot, Eobert Cutt and Pendleton, Stileman and Fryer, Atkinson and Story, Sheafe and Jaffrey. SiE William Peppeeell. — I have now to notice two persons who in a day when titles of nobility or birth in the aristocratic families of Old England con- ferred a real eminence upon men were conspicuous figures in our early history. William Pepperell be- came a communicant at the old South Nov. 5, 1696 ; and his son, who was afterwards created a baronet for the taking of Louisburg, was the last baptism recorded by Mr. Moodey, May 9, 1697. I am in- debted to a careful and valuable manuscript life of Sir William Pepperell, by the Rev. Dr. Burroughs, which is far better than the printed life of the distin- guished merchant by Parsons, for much of the fol- lowing biographical and historical matter. William Pepperell was born in 1647, in Cornwall, England, and became a settler at the Shoals in 1670, attracted to the commercial advantages of Appledore and the prominence of its fisheries. Here, about 1680, he married a daughter of Mr. John Bray, one of the leading islanders, who had for some time re- fused the offer of marriage from Pepperell, but, says Dr. ■ Burroughs, " relented in proportion to the in- crease of his property." As his business increased the Shoals offered too small a field for his enterprise, and he and his partner, a Mr. Gibbins, resolved to leave the weather-beaten islands, and to resort to chance and determine their separate destination. The story runs that they each set up a long pole and left it to fall as Providence should direct. Pep- perell's fell towards the northwest, Gibbins' to- wards the northeast. Following with obedience and enthusiasm the plan they had adopted and the course pointed out by the fallen sticks, Pep- perell established himself on the Kittery side of the mouth of the Piscataqua, and made large purchases of land there, while Gibbins obtained that tract on the Penobscot afterwards known as the Waldo patent. As early as the year 1681 we find the name of Pep- perell and his father-in-law. Bray, on the town rec- ords of Kittery, then a province of Massachusetts, and here Pepperell spent the remainder of his days. His business enterprises were so successful that in 1712 there were but three persons in Kittery, then in- cluding Eliot & Berwick, whose property was esti- mated to be of more value than his. In this year Pepperell interested himself in organizing a church at Kittery, whose inhabitants attended worship under serious inconveniences of distance, weather, and tide at Strawberry Bank. He was chiefly instrumental in the settlement of the Rev. Mr. Newmarch at Kittery, not far from his own mansion, in 1714, and was one of the first signers of the covenant. Up to this time, William Pepperell, at age of almost seventy, and his son, afterwards Sir William, at the age of eighteen, had been constant worshipers at the old South. William Pepperell died in Kittery in 1734, leaving Sir William the principal heir, and with the care and responsibility of a large property. But even before this he had manifested remarkable enterprise and sagacity as a mferchant, and his ships were found in all parts of Europe and the West Indies. One of the first things he did was to build the family tomb, still standing in that open field not far from the old family mansion, but without care and rapidly being desolated by time and intruders. In 1722, at the age of twenty- six. Sir William married Miss Hirst, of Boston, to 80 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. whom all traditions give the highest praise for natu- ral and acquired powers, for brilliant wit, and sweet- ness of temper. I have copied a few verses of hers, written upon the death of an infant child, which have never been printed, and were handed down by the memory of one who deemed them worthy, and are certainly of a merit equal to much that is printed : " A little bird that lately pleased ray sight, Ravished my heart and filled me with delight, And as it grew, at once my joy and pride, Beloved by all whoe'er its beauty spied, I fondly called it mine, nor could I bear The thought of losing what I held so dear ; For it had just begun, with warbling strains. To soothe my pleasure and to ease my pains ; Its artless notes and lisping melody Made in my ears a grateful harmony. LcHSt while I heard or dreamed of its decay. This pretty bird by death was snatched away. Snatched, did I say ? No, I recall the word ; 'Twtts sent fur home by its most rightful Lord, To whose blest will we must and do resign That which improperly I claimed as mine. 'Twas Thine, blest Lord, Thy goodness lent it me, 'Twas doubly Thine, because given back by Thee. Then go. sweet bird, mount up and sing on high. While wiiig6d seraphs waft thee through the sky; They're chid in glory bright, and sit serene On boughs immortal, ever fresh and green ; They chant thy praises with a lovely train Of spirits just, for whom tlie Lamb was slain ; Touch David's harp with wonder and surprise, Wliilst ours, neglected, on the willow lies." Sir William had no opportunities for an education, except such as came from a multiplicity of relations with men. in all ranks of society ; but Dr. Stevens, his pastox, who preached a sermon upon hi.s character soon after his death, says, "Such Were his abilities and virtues, so distinguished and admirable his social qualities, that he soon drew the notice and engaged the affections of all." " So elevated were his princi- ples and disinterested his views, and so active was his benevolence, that his fellow-citizens considered him as their patron and friend, and bore towards him the sentiment of filial veneration and affection." To the various duties and large responsibilities of one of the greatest merchants of New England, Sir William had added a number of important civil offices, but it was reserved for his military success to give to him his title of nobility. The Siege of Louisburg. — The siege and capture of Louisburg were the great warlike achievementa in our early history, and the command and success of the whole enterprise belonged to Sir William. Upon his return he was received at Portsmouth, entertained, and escorted to his boat, as it departed from our shore to his mansion at Kittery, with an outburst of enthu- siasm from the inhabitants and an oration, both civil and military, even greater than were paid to Wash- ington. As in our late war, there were in this ad- venture some rivalries and jealousies as to whom be- longed the credit of the expedition, and Col. William Vaughan, a grandson of Maj. William Vaughan, who came to Portsmouth about 1650, is said to have first prepared a plan of the capture and proposed it to the. government, and Governor Wentworth and others were disappointed, not being given the charge of the enterprise ; but all eyes turned to Col. Pepperell, as of well-known and eminent moral worth, of acknowl- edged military skill, of tried statesmanship, of ele- vated rank in the confidence of the community, and the best fitted to command the expedition. If the success of an engagement might be always predicted from the character of the principal supporters, we might have foretold the capture of Louisburg, for the number of persons prominent in Portsmouth, under the command of Pepperell, was certainly large. While Pepperell had the matter under considera- ation, Whitefield, the celebrated Episcopal and itin- erant clergyman, and founder of the Calvinistic Methodists, was on a visit to Maine, and Pepperell became well acquainted with him, and asked White- field's advice. " Your scheme," said the great preacher, " I think not very full of encouragement. The eyes of all will be upon you, and should you not meet with success the widows, and orphans will utter their complaint and reflection, and if it be otherwise numbers will look upon you with envy and endeavor to eclipse your glory. You ought, therefore, in my judgment, to go with a single eye, and then you will receive strength proportioned to your necessities." White- field furnished the motto for the flag of the expedi- tion, " Nil desperanclum Christo." New Hampshire furnished five hundred men, one- eighth of the whole land force. Among these was the Rev. Mr. Langdon (once the grammar school teacher, and then pastor of the North Church), as chaplain, and Jacob Sheafe, son of Sampson Sheafe, of Great Island, as commissary. There was Nathaniel Meserve as lieutenant-colonel ; there was Samuel Hale with the rank of major ; there was John Storer, grandfather of George Storer, of this town ; there was Rev. Ammi E. Cutter, of the Massachusetts regiment, whose eldest son was Dr. Ammi E. Cutter, of Ports- mouth ; there was Eev. Samuel Moodey, of York, son of our Mr. Moodey, remarkable for his eccen- tricities, and private chaplain to Sir William. The expedition was completely successful, and Pepperell •was rewarded with an English knighthood. One by one he was compelled to give up his duties and enter- prises, and died at his mansion at Kittery on the 6th of July, 1759. Champernowne. — There remains for us to notice briefly still another important character, whose life has been so carefully written by C. W. Tuttle, Esq., of Boston, that beyond his thorough researches no one need desire to go. In his sketches of this prom- inent person, recently printed in The Historical and Genealogical Register, may be found authority for most of the following. Among the early settlers of our province more persons perhaps came from Devon and Cornwall than from all other counties in Eng- PORTSMOUTH. 81 land, and of all the noble families in the west of England, few if any surpass in antiquity and splen- dor of descent the family of Champernowne, being connected with the Plantagenets, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, and Sir Walter Ealeigh. Cipt. Francis Champernowne, one of that family, came to New England in 1636. In 1636, Sir Ferdinando Gorges granted to Champer- nowne's father two tracts of land bordering on the eastern shore of the Piscataqua and at the mouth. One embraced what has been for the last liundred years and more known as the Gerrish and the Cutts Islands, and the stream now known as Chauncey's Creek for a long time bore the name of Cliamper- nowne. To this grant came Capt. Francis Champer- nowne in 1636, at the age of twenty-two. About 1640, and at the time of the granting of the glebe land, Champernowne bought four hundred acres in, Greenland, where he built a house and lived for twenty years. Afterwards he added three hundred acres more, including the farm of Col. Peirce, and seems to have lived in a baronial style. At a later date he preferred bis residence on Cutts Island, and went there to live. He was a councilor in the gov- ernment of Gorges, and for a few years, with his asso- ciates, had the sole authority in Maine, and opposed strenuously the usurpation by the Massachusetts Bay. He was councilor to Cranfield, to Dudley, and to An- dres. Strange to say, when some examinations were ■ made a few years since about this almost forgotten character, traditions in Greenland were brought to light of the descent from royalty of one Champer- nowne who used to live there, and in Kittery of one who was "the son of a nobleman." He was a thor- ough royalist and churchman, and about ten years before his death married the widow of Robert Cutt, of Kittery. He lived a retired and dignified life, was reserved in disposition, and took little interest in matters which did not concern him, but, without seek- ing for place and power, was in that day of prominence on account of his high birth, and altogether respected. He was doubtless one of the most active .supporters of Episcopacy, and from his residence at Greenland a constant worshiper at the first chapel, and there- after, unless too strict a churchman to take any in- terest in the services of Puritanism, at the old South for thirty years. He died on Cutts Island in 1687, and a small cairn marks the place of his burial. I am inclined to think he was one who carried out a plan held by many of the leading old families of Eng- land, and especially of second or later sons who would not inherit the family estates, to establish themselves in the New World, and for religious and political reasons they turned naturally to the settlement at the Piscataqua. Successive Ministers at the Old South Parish. — Emerson. John Emerson, the fourth minister of the South Parish, was the third minister of that name settled in New England. He graduated at Harvard 6 in 1689, and in 1708, as we have seen, was settled over the recently gathered parish at New Castle. After a good deal of inconvenience there on account of arrears of salary and some trouble about a parson- age, he resigned in 1712, and in the midst of the difficulty at Portsmouth in regard to the formation of a new parish, Mr. Emerson was invited to preach to the parish at the old South. It was in a great measure owing to the remarkable pulpit gifts and the pleasing manners of Mr. Emerson that the South Parish seems not to have seriously regarded the se- cession of the Nortli Parish. Mr. Emerson was born at Ipswich in 1670. In 1708, while over the parish at New Castle, he went to England, spent some time in London, and from his fine presence and courtly manners was handsomely noticed by Queen Anne. We find in the town records under date of 17th February, 1713, "Whereas, John Plaisted, Mark Hunking, Esq., Capt. John Pickren, & W". Cotton, at a legall town meeting called & commenced ye 9th of Sep., 1713, were chosen and appointed to call & agree with a minister of ye Gospel to Preach att ye old meeting-house, & according to s* vote, wch call was made to ye Reverend John Emerson by and with ye consent of above s^ persons ; s^ Emerson came ac- cordingly in ye month of January in above s* year : ye Feb. 7 following s" Pickren & Cotton, with the consent of approbation of s'* Hunking & Plaisted, made agreement with him ye s* Emerson to be our settled minister, & engaged that he should be paid yearly & every year £100, strangers' contribution, & a Parsonage house at Town charge so long as s^ Em- erson continue preaching in s^ House." The next year, June 7, 1714, it seems there was another committee chosen by the town, and evidently by the influence of the new parish, and with three persons from it opposed to the settlement of Emer- son, who were to settle an orthodox and learned min- ister on ye south side of ye mill dam. But when it was found that the South Parish was firm in its choice of Mr. Emer.son, and some of the selectmen had been arrested on account of his salary, it was voted by the town the next year " yt if any lawsuit on ye like occasion be again commenced, yt itt be impleaded at ye expense of ye town, for that he [Mr. Emerson] is not ye settled minister of the town pur- suant to order of ye government & vote of the town, June, 1714." ' Then, again, 25th March, 1717, " Whereas, by ver- tue of a Pretended vote on the 9 Sept., 1713, there is a sham agreement made with Mr. Emerson to officiate as a minister at ye old Meeting-House, ye same being Clandestinely put upon record. Voted that ye same be null and Rassed out of ye Town book, for that he ye s" Emerson is not a legal settled minister of ye Town." This contention was ended by the Legislature de- claring both to be settled ministers of ye town. In the South Parish records, under date of March 82 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 23, 1714-15, is the following record: "The church belonging to the old meeting-house in Portsmouth having chosen the Rev. John Emerson to take the oversight of them, the Reverend Christopher Toppan, in the presence of the Kev. Caleb Cushing & The- ophilus Cotton, gave him the pastoral charge of them and the congregation attending God's publick wor- ship in that place, having been ordained before to the work of the ministry by the laying on of the hands of the Presbytery, viz.: the Rev. Mr. John Cotton, John Pike, & John Clark." Mr. Rogers would not assist at the services of installation, and was greatly displeased with Mr. Emerson for being settled over the old parish, and carried his bitter feeling all through his ministry. The ministry of Mr. Emerson lasted from the 23d of March, 1714^15, to the 21st of February, 1732-33, a pastorate of seventeen years, and, after the settle- ment of the difficulties occasioned by the secession of the North Parish, of undisturbed tranquillity and unexampled prosperity. A Church, on the Plains. — Quite a little village had grown up at and about the Plains, of so much importance that in 1725 a meeting-house was built on the rise of ground east of the training-field, and wor- ship regularly maintained for nearly two years, when, in 1727, it was voted ''to free and exonerate them from any tax or charge towards the support of the gospel ministry (at the North Church), or any parish at the Bank for the future, provided they have fre- quent preaching more for accommodation than at the Bank." The meeting-house blew down in 1748. Absence of the Spirit of Persecution. — It has often been remarked that our early settlers were sin- gularly free from religious bigotry, and in an epoch fruitful of dogmatism and persecution but few in- stances of fanatical zeal can be laid at their feet. Themselves strictly of the Church of England, when they could not maintain their own form of worship, the Non-conformist clergymen of the Bay found no hindrance here except when Cranfield instituted pro- ceedings against Moodey for refusing to administer the sacrament according to the order of the Church of England. There has come down to us an account of but a single instance of the infliction of violence in the province for heterodoxy, and that was under the law of Massachusetts (for New Hampshire as a separate government never authorized such a penalty), when in 1662 Richard Waldron ordered three Quaker women to be led at the cart's tail through New Hamp- shire and Massachusetts out of the jurisdiction and whipped in each town ; but Walter Barefoote, after- wards a royal Governor of New Hampshire, by a pious stratagem, obtained the custody of the women in Sal- isbury, and saved them from further cruelty by send- ing them out of the province. The refuge of Quakers and Anabaptists in these days was Rhode Island, a State from the beginning to the present day remark- able for its hospitality towards various opinions, but at that time regarded as the drain or sink of New England for the shelter it gave the heretics, so that it has been said of Rhode Island, " If any man had lost his religion he might find it there among such a general muster of opinionists." We have, in 1656, under rule of the Bay, the several enactments against " a cursed sect of hereticks lately arisen up in the world which are commonly called Quakers, who took upon them to be immediately sent of GcAi." Witchcraft. — ^There is also but little about the sad delusion of witchcraft, which was then a common be- lief, and while only a score of miles away men em- inent for piety and learning were hurried into all kinds of errors, persecution, and bitterness, only a few instances occur where there were any accusations prosecuted for that offense here, and of these not one reached a tragical conclusion. The only case in our town had a singular and triumphant ending. It oc- curred in 1656, at Little Harbor, then a part of Ports- mouth. The testimony was that on Lord's day, 30th of March, at night, as Susannah Trimmings was going home with Goodwife Barton, she separated from her at the freshet, next her house. On her return, between Goodmen Evens and Robert Davis, she heard a rust- ling in the woods, which she at first thought was occa- sioned by swine, and presently after there did appear to her a woman, whom she apprehended to be old Goodwife Walford. She asked me where my consort was? I^ answered, "I had none." She said, "Thy consort is at home by this time. Lend me a pound of cotton.'-' I told her I had but two pounds in the house, and I would not spare any to my mother. She said, " I had better have done it, that my sorrow was great already, and it should be greater, for I was going a great journey but should never come there." She then left me, and I was struck as with a clap of fire on the back, and she vanished towards the water- side in my apprehension in the shape of a cat. She had on her head a white linen hood tied under her chin, and her waistcoat and petticoat were red, with an old green apron, and a black hat upon her head. Her husband and others testified to strange things which apparently had been brought about by the bewitching of Goody Walford; but Goody Walford, traduced as a witch, boldly brought her defamers into court to answer for the slanderous words, and actually succeeded in recovering damages. A New Church, — This was the first and last seri- ous instance of witchcraft in our town. The old South Church was now falling into ruins. It was deemed unfit for worship in 1711, when the whole town had voted to build a new one, but by reason of the separation the diminished numbers at the Mill Dam continued their services there until 1731, when the parish built a new church on a lot of land pre- sented by Capt. John Pickering. This was the South Meeting-house, standing until our own day on the site of the present South Ward Room, which was so im- portant a landmark for mariners coming into Pis- PORTSMOUTH. 83 cataqua Harbor, and which, after repairs and remod- eling, was finally taken down a few years since. It must have been a great trial to the South Parish, that after the North Parish had their new meeting-house provided for them at the cost of the whole town, and had acquired the legal right to the glebe land and parsonage, it was necessary for the South Parish to depend entirely upon its own contributions ; but such was the success of the ministry of Emerson that it seemed to it not too serious a burden. After the frame was raised, Mr. Emerson made a prayer upon a stage fixed in a frame for the occasion. That prayer was his last public service. He died in the sixty-second year of his age, and was buried in the Cotton burial-ground. The following is the inscrip- tion on his tomb : " Here resteth in Hope of a glori- ous Eesurrection ye body of ye Rev. Mr. John Emer- son, ye late faithful Pastor of ye South Church, in Portsmouth, who Died January ye 21st, 1731-2, in ye 62d year of his Age. The memory of ye just is blessed." One of the principal incidents of the ministry of Emerson and Rogers was the great accession of church- members by reason of the earthquake in Portsmouth in 1727, and both to keep in memory that alarming event, as well as alive the interest of the church and gratitude for its prosperity, Emerson ever after preached an occasional discourse on the evening of the 29th of October. There is preserved a portrait of him painted in London in 1708, during his visit to that city, when his remarkable personal appearance commended him to the favor of the queen. With the great wig, the robe, and bands, it gives also a countenance of striking features, restful eyes, a mouth of rare beauty, and an expression of reverence, benignity, and gentle- ness. His gifts were equal to his graces, and he was, by all testimony, an agreeable companion, an inter- esting preacher, a faithful pastor, and a good man. Shurtleff, — After the records of Mr. Emerson we find the following note: "The Church and congrega- tion In ye South Part of ye Town of Portsmouth, formerly under ye pastoral care of ye Rev. Mr. Jno. Emerson, having called ye Rev. Mr. Wm. Shurtleff to succeed him, he was installed in ye pastoral office on Feb. 21, 1732-3." This is in the handwriting of Mr. Shurtleff, and thereafter follow many pages of his records, being chiefly those of baptisms and of adoptions of the church covenant. Occasionally there is a record of a baptism in the North Church, during an exchange with Mr. Fitch, or of one by Mr. Fitch in the South Church, showing that the most cordial relations ex- isted between the ministers and parishes. It was customary in that day for the church to ex- ercise a pretty strict watch over its members, — a cus- tom, which, for sympathy or for censure, I fear we have too universally abandoned, — and it is no uncommon thing to find in the records ot all the older churches frequent references to the faults and falls of the mem- bers and the decreed punishment of the offenders ; but during Mr. Shurtleflf's ministry, a period of fifteen years, there is but one record of this character, which runs as follows: "Aug. 10, 1746, voted at a church meeting yt Abigail Tobie, a member in full commu- nion with the church, be suspended from communion on ye account of her scandalous Behavior in Boston. Having been convicted of stealing several things, and y' she stand suspended till she manifests her repent- ance of y" same." Whether it is owing to the special emphasis which has always been laid upon the moral duties in the history of this parish, or whether it is owing to any lower discipline we cannot say, but this single in- stance of ecclesiastical discipline is in striking con- trast to most church records of this period. The Rev. Wm. Shurtleff" was a native of Plymouth, Mass., where he was born in the year 1689. He grad- uated at Harvard College in 1707, and was ordained as pastor of the church at New Castle, which was then the aristocratic part of Portsmouth, the very year that Mr. Emerson was dismissed (1712). As he succeeded Mr. Emerson at New Castle, so he became his suc- cessor over the South Parish of this town, where he was installed Feb. 21, 1733. The new church for the South Parish had just been finished, harmony had been entirely restored between the two parishes, and Mr. Shurtleff entered upon his new field of labor with every promise of success, — a promise which was abundantly fulfilled and which ceased only with his death. Clerical Anecdotes. — Some of the stories which are told of the contemporary ministers, neighbors, and friends of Mr. Shurtleff give us the only glimpses of ministerial life among the scanty records which are preserved to us. There was a clergyman at Newing- ton. Rev. Joseph Adams, who lived, I believe, to a greater age than any minister ever settled in New Hampshire. He is described as a man of fair talents, but of great self-complacency. In praying for a person dangerously sick, who had desired the prayers of the congregation, he prayed very earnestly that the man might be prepared to die, for, added he, " We, Lord, who are skillful, know there is no possi- bility of his recovery." At a meeting of the associa- tion of ministers at Portsmouth, Mr. Adams made the prayer, in which he took occasion to introduce the horses mentioned in the Book of Revelation ; but becoming suddenly embarrassed while speaking of the white horse he closed the exercises abruptly, where- upon one of his brethren observed to him that at this time of life he should be particularly cautious in mounting strange horses if he would avoid a fall. The Rev. John Tucke, settled at the Shoals, was also a contemporary of Mr. Shurtleff. The Shoals was at that time quite flourishing, and Mr. Tucke's salary was one of the highest at that time paid in New England. He was a scholarly and faithful pas- 84 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. NEW HAMPSHIRE. tor, and, as it reads on his tombstone at Star Island, " a useful physician, both to the bodies and souls of his people.'' These islands had before and after Mr. Shurtleff two or three quite eminent as well as eccen- tric men. There was one Eev. Mr. Rooch, whose prayers were so touching and whose life was so pure that it was said of him, " He dwelt as near heaven as any man on earth." His congregation were fisher- men, and they usually assembled one day in the month, besides the Sabbaths, for public worship. On one of these days he was requested to postpone the meeting to a future time, as it was a fine season for their business, and they must go out with their boats. He endeavored to persuade them, but in vain, and then addressed them : " If you are resolved to neglect your duty to God, and will go away, I say unto you, catch fish if you can ; but as for you who will tarry and worship the Lord Jesus Christ, I will pray unto Him for you that you may catch fish till you are weary." Thirty went, toiled all day, and caught four fishes ; while the five who attended divine worship, and afterwards went out, caught as many hundred. After that they all regularly at- tended any meetings the pastor appointed. After him came the eccentric Moodey, son of the minister of Portsmouth of that name, of whom is told that familiar story, that once addressing the congre- gation on the occasion of a shipwreck, he inquired, " Supposing, my brethren, any of you should be taken short in the bay in a northeast storm, your hearts trembling with fear, and nothing but death before you, whither would your thoughts turn ? What would you do?" He paused, and a sailor, supposing he awaited an answer, and attracted by his description of the storm at sea, replied, " Why, in that case, d'ye see, I 'should immediately hoist the foresail and scud away for Squam." Revival under WMtefield. — The most remark- able ecclesiastical event during the ministry of Mr. Shurtleff' was the great revival under Whitefield, of which Mr. Shurtleff' has left an extended account. Id is interesting for the description he gives of the townsmen, as well as of the revival. He says, " You are doubtless in some measure acquainted with the character which the People of this Town have here- tofore generally sustained. They have, I think, been remarkt by strangers for their Politeness in Dress and Behaviour; have been thought to go beyond most others in equal circumstances, if not to excess themselves in their sumptuous and elegant Living, and Things of a like nature ; & while they have been justly in Repute for their generous and hospitable Disposition, and for many social habits. Diversions of various kinds have been much in Fashion, & the vices that have been usual in Sea Port and trading Places have been common and prevalent among us. We have, I trust, never been without a number of sincere and serious Christians ; but even these wise virgins have slumbered and slept ; and as to the gen- erality of Professors, they have seemed for a great while to content themselves with an empty Form, and there has been but little of the Life & Power of Religion to be seen." Mr. Whitefield came here and preached in the old South Church on the 25th of February, 1745, and while Mr. Shurtleflf seems to have disapproved of a good many excesses of the revival, he testifies that he thought " his traveling this way was a favorable Provi- dence, and his preaching was instrumental in making many shake off their heavy slumbers." As the result of the revival he gives us his opinion that there is not the' profane cursing and swearing that was formerly usual ; that the Sabbath was more strictly observed ; that family worship was set up ; that many dishonest dealers had made restitution ; that music and dancing were wholly laid aside. He mentions in all seriousness an incident which, he says, was overruled by God to serve great and good purposes : " Late in the evening, after services had been held all day, and just as the .people were leaving the church, the chimney of an House that stood near to it happened to take fire and blaze out to an uncommon Degree. Upon the sudden appearance of the light breaking in at the several windows there was a cry made that Christ was coming to Judgment, which being really believed by a great many, some that were not before so much affected as others were put into the deepest Distress, great numbers had their convictions hereby strengthened and confirmed. And however distasteful the relating such low occurrences may be to some wise and curious Palates now, I make no doubt but things of a like nature will afford an infinite satisfaction to the Saints hereafter; that it will give them a vast and inconceivable Pleasure when they get to Heaven to have the Beauty of Divine Providence laid open to their view ; to hear and see how some events that are seemingly insignificant, and appear perfectly casual, have been ordered out in in- finite Wisdom and made subservient to very great and excellent Designs, and how a bare Imagination and mistaken Apprehension of Things has been so far set Home and made such impressions upon a great many as to be a means of their saving conversion to God." Mr. Shurtleff' married the sister of Hon. Theodore Atkinson, whose only mission seems to have been to develop his patience and weakness. The story is told that once she fastened the door of the room where he was finishing his sermon for church, went to her pew and sat quietly there, while a committee of the church went to see what was the matter. She even left the worthy pastor to prepare his own dinner. " Has this been salted, Mr. Shurtleff?" she said, while he was broiling a piece of fish. " It has," was the meek re- ply. " Well, then, it needs peppering too," she said, as she threw a shovelfull of ashes upon his ruined meal. She made some reparation for her treatment of her POKTSMOUTH. 85 husband by leaving to all succeeding ministers of the South Parish a fine old silver tankard, which is pre- served unto the present day. Mr. Shurtleflf published five sermons, together with a long account of the revival during his ministry, and these show him to be a man of no common gifts. He was " long to be remembered," writes one of his suc- cessors, " for his uncommon meekness and patience under great trials, and for distinguished piety as well as pastoral fidelity.'' Strong. — After a ministry of fifteen years he died on the 9th of May, 1747, and was buried beneath the pulpit of the old South. At the destruction of that building his remains were removed to the South Cemetery, and a simple tablet erected by the parish. In the very year that Mr. Shurtleflf died there was visiting in the family of the distinguished Jonathan Edwards, at Northampton, Mass., the devoted Ameri- can missionary, David Brainerd. He had entered Yale College to prepare himself for the ministry, but was expelled for saying of one of the tutors "that he had no more of the grace of God than a chair." Soon after he began his work as a missionary among the Indians, first near Stockbridge, Mass., then in Pennsylvania, and then in New Jersey, where he met with great success. At Northampton Mr. Brainerd met and was pleased with a young man named Job Strong, and particu- larly recommended him to the commissioners at Boston as a suitable person for missionary labors among the Indians, a work which greatly interested young Strong, who had that year graduated at Yale. He set out in the latter pait of the year 1747 for a settlement in New York, but having gone as far as Schoharie, he was taken ill and was unable to com- plete his journey. But he had spent about six months on this tour, and returned full of expecta- tions and resolves of a work of future usefulness among the wild men of the wilderness. The South Parish had, however, heard such excellent accounts of Mr. Strong and of his fitness and gifts for the ministry that Matthew Livermore and Henry Sher- burne were sent to Northampton to invite him to this place. Jonathan Edwards felt that Mr. Strong was especially fitted to carry on the work which Brainerd, who had just died at his house, had so well begun, and protested against Mr. Strong's going to Portsmouth unless upon the express condition that it should be for a temporary engagement, after which he was to resume his missionary labors, and the gen- tlemen were obliged to promise Mr. Edwards, who was then the spiritual head of the Church of New England, that they would not use their influence for his establishment here. It was probably with this understanding that Mr. Strong came to the South Parish. Whether the committee faithfully kept their promise or not they did not persuade the parish not to take any interest in Mr. Strong, for his preaching and himself were evidently well pleasing, and he soon received a call to become its pastor. This he declined, and went back to the commissioners at Boston to receive directions about his father's labor among the Indians. His health, however, seemed insufiicient to the task, and they thought it best he should relinquish his cherished plans, which involved so much exposure and toil. The parish renewed the invitation, which he now accepted, and the first notice concerning him on the church records is as follows : " The Church and congregation in y= South part of the Town of Portsmouth, formerly under the Pastoral Care of y" Rev. Mr. William Shurtleff", having called Mr. .Job Strong to succeed him, he was solemnly set apart to y' pastoral oflice amongst them on the 28th day of June, 1749." Jonathan Edwards.— The 28th of June, 1749, must have been a day of great interest, not only to the South Parish, but to the whole town of Ports- mouth, for, added to the fact of the old parish of the town being about to ordain a new pastor, Jonathan Edwards, then regarded as by far the most eminent theologian in Christendom, was to preach the sermon. Mary Edwards, his daughter, then about fifteen years of age, afterwards Mrs. Dwight, of Northampton, was at the time making a visit to some of her father's friends here. The uncertainty of travel in those days made it necessary to leave a substitute, in case the appointed preacher did not arrive in time. The Rev. Mr. Moodey, ofYork, able and eccentric, had accepted the place. On the morning of that day, Mr. Edwards not. having arrived, the Council delayed the ordina- tion as long as they well could, and then proceeded to the church, where Mr. Moodey had been regularly assigned to oflFer opening prayer. That gentleman, knowing that a. numerous and highly respectable audience had been drawn together by a strong desire to hear Mr. Edwards, rose up to pray under the not very pleasant impression that he must stand in his place, and offered a prayer which was wholly char- acteristic of himself, and in some degree also of the times in which he lived. In that part of it in which it was proper to allude to the exercises of the day he besought the Lord that they might be suit.ably hum- bled, under the power of his Providence, in Yiot being permitted to hear on that occasion a discourse, as they had all fondly expected, from "that eminent servant of God, the Rev. Mr. Edwards, of Northampton," and proceeded to thank God for having raised him up to be such a burning and shining light, for his un- common piety, for his great excellence as a preacher, for the remarkable success which had attended his ministry in other congregations as well as his own, for the superior talents and wisdom with which he was endowed as a writer, and for the great amount of good which his works had already done, and still promised to do, to the church and to the world. He then prayed that God would spare his life, and endow him with still greater gifts and graces, and render him still more eminent and useful than he had been, and 86 HISTOEY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. concluded this part of his prayer by supplicating the divine blessing on the daughter of Mr. Edwards (then in the congregation), who, though a very worthy and amiable young lady, was still, as they had good reason to believe, without the grace of God and in an uncon- verted state ; that God would bring her to repentance and forgive her sins, and not suffer the peculiar frivol- ities which she enjoyed to be the means of a more aggravated condemnation. Mr. Edwards, who traveled on horseback and had been unexpectedly detained on the road, arrived at the church a short time after the commencement of the exercises, and entered the door just after Mr. Moodey began his prayer. Being remarkably still in all his movements, and particularly in the house of God, he ascended the stairs and entered the pulpit so silently that Mr. Moodey did not hear him, and of course was necessitated before a very numerous au- dience to listen to the very high character given of him- self by.Mr. Moodey. As soon as the prayer was closed Mr. Moodey turned round and saw Mr. Edwards behind him, and without leaving his place gave him his right hand and addressed him as follows: "Brother Ed- wards, we are all of us much rejoiced to see you here to-day, and nobody probably as much so as myself; but I wish that you might have got in a little sooner or a little later, or else that I might have heard you when you came in, and known that you were here. I didn't intend to ilatter you to your face, but there's I'll tell you one thing : they say that your wife is going to heaven by a shorter road than yourself," alluding to Mr. Edward's lengthened and metaphysi- cal explanation of the doctrine of the church. Mr. Edwards bowed, and after reading the psalm went on with the sermon. The text was John xiii. 15, 16 : " For I have given you an example that ye should do as I have done to you. Verily, verily, I say unto you the servant is not greater than his Lord ; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him." The subject is " Christ, the example of ministers." It is not a very long sermon according to the custom of that day, for it could hardly have occupied much more than an hour in delivery, and, according to the abilities and reputation of Mr. Edwards, it would have beeu a disappointment to the distinguished and expect- ant congregation, if indeed congregations were then disappointed in anything their preachers did. With all due acknowledgment of the vast abilities Jonathan Edwards certainly possessed, and of the logical power manifested in his writings, his sermon at the ordina- tion of Mr. Strong has very little to commend it. It has neither any very great doctrinal nor practical merits, neither depth of feeling, nor strength, nor beauty of expression to make it edifying to a congre- gation or inspiring to the young minister; it is com- monplace and tedious, and wanting in any moral or spiritual fervor. It may hardly be out of place in this connection to include a part of a letter which Jonathan Edwards wrote to his daughter Mary, while continuing a visit in Portsmouth for some weeks after the ordination, which shows the all-pervading piety of this godly man : ''Mt dear Child: " Thou gh you are at so great a distance from us, yet God is everywhere. You are much out of the reach of our care, but you are every moment in His hands. We liave not the comfort of seeing you, but He sees you. His eye is always upon you. And if you may but live sensibly near to God and have His gracious presence, it is no matter if you are far distant from us. -I had rather you should remain hundreds of miles distant from us, and have God near to you by his Spirit, than to have you always with us and live at a distance from God. . . . " I hope that you will maintain a strict and constant watch over your- self against all temptations, that you do not forsake and forget God, and particularly that you do not grow slack in secret religion. Retire often from this vain world, from all its bubbles and empty shadows and vain amusements, and converse with God alone ; and seek eifectually for tliat divine grace and comfort, the least drop of which is worth more than all the riches, gayety, pleasure, and entertainments of the whole world, . . . "And if the next news we should hear of you should be of your death, though that would be very melancholy, yet if at the same time we should receive such intelligence concerning you as sliould give us the best grounds to hope that you had died in the Lord, how much more comfortable would this be, though we should have no opportunity to see you or to take our leave of you in your sickness, than if we should be with you during all its progress and have much opportunity to attend upon you and converse and pray with you, and take an affectionate leave of you, and after all have reason to apprehend that you died without the grace and favor of God." Under such 'happy auspices, and with the counsel of so eminent a divine, Mr. Strong began his ministry. His notes are written in a small, even, close hand, but contain no reference to any parish or town event, only the list of those who were baptized by him, and those who renewed their baptismal covenant. In the winter of 1750, one Sunday morning suc- ceeding the death of his infant child, he preached from the text, " Though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ;" before the afternoon service he was taken ill, and died on Mon- day, the 30th of September, 1751, and was buried by the side of Mr. Shurtleff, under the pulpit of the old South, whence the remains of both were taken to the cemetery at the destruction of that building, and over them a plain and substantial tombstone was erected by the parish. The period between his death and the choice of another minister was very brief, for immediately after the last baptism of Mr. Strong is this note in the handwriting of his successor : " Sept., 1751, Died the Eev. Mr. Job Strong, Pastor of the South Church of Christ, Portsmouth, and was succeeded in his pastoral office by Mr. Sam' Haven, May 6, 1752, by whom is made the following entry : The South Church & Con- gregation in Portsmouth late under ye pastoral care of the Bev. Mr. Job Strong unanimously elected Mr. Sam' Haven to be their Pastor, who was accordingly separated to that office, and received the particular charge of them May 6, 1752." Mr. Haven was born in Framingham, Mass., in 1727 ; was graduated at Harvard University in 1749 ; studied theology with Eev. Mr. Parkman, of West- PORTSMOUTH. 87 borough, Mass., and received and declined invitation to settle in Brookfield, Medway, Braintree, and Brook- line, which showed the acceptance and promise of his ministrations, and prophesied the abundant success he was to have in the longest pastorate of any min- ister in this town. Mr. Haven had been settled but a very few years when it became evident to at least some of his parish- ioners that his inclinations were towards a theology a little modified from the strictness in which it had been expressed by the common school of th'C New England divines, for as early as 1757, or only five years after his settlement, we find a church meeting called upon the desire of John Eliot, Abraham Eliot, and Perkins Ayers (and some women), and upon being asked what they had to offer to the church, preferred the following letter : "TO THE SOtTTH CHUKCH. " Brethren, — "Whereas we, the subscribers, have for some time ab- sented from the commission and from ye public worship of God with you, and as you have not inquired of us the reasons of our so doing, we thinls it our duty to give you the reason of our conduct, as followetli : "1. As we loolt upon it that Congregational churches ought to keep ye.i-ules of Cambridge Platform, and defend ye Doctrines of ye New Eng- land Confession of Faith, being agreeable to God's word as we judge, and was establlBhed by authority, so we find upon examination you do not practice agreeable thereto, and we have been obliged in conscience to withdraw from you, that we might not any longer partake with you in your suit ; the necessity of leaving you being matter of grief to us, for it is not out of any contempt of ye Holy Fellowship which ought to be among you that we have left you, but for our better edification, iuid that because we cannot profit under Mr. Haven's preaching, for we judge Mr. Haven's preaching generally tends to encourage saints & sinners in a generall way to think that if they exercise ye natural strength & power they have, that God will be obliged to have mercj' on them for Christ sake ; which we judge tends to make persons think that God's Decree in election depends upon ye conduct of ye creature, which would at once overthrow ye Doctrines of free grace Election, God says by ye prophet Hosea, ' & Israel thou liast destroyed thyself, but in me is thy help,' &. tho' ye Apostle exhorts man to do good works ns commanded by God, yet he says that without Faith it is impossible to please God, & that whatsoever is not of faith is sin, by which It appears tliat Persons in a state of nature cannot do anything that obliges God to have mercy upon them. " Tliey further charged that Mr. Haven took in members contrary to the Platform ; that the Church Government was not what it ought to be; that Mr. Haven baptized Infants of such as were not members, and that he endeavored to keep the gifts of God from being used by such as God sends among us, by which it appears to us he is not on ye Lord's side (which seems to mean that he did not invite one Mi\ Crosswell, who some of these strict theologians desired to hear, to preach for them), and so upon due consideration and as a matter of conscience, they could not worship any longer where Mr. Haven preached, and must enter a church which was conducted according to ye rule and order of ye Gos- pel, and they close by saying, in what we have done we have aimed at God's glory and a reformation among us, and by God's grace assisting, we are resolved in his strength to pursue." This paper is signed by three men and nine women, and dated Portsmouth, Oct. 11, 1757. There followed a lengthy debate upon the important matter, and the pastor having declared his sentiments with regard to these points by doctrine, which are mentioned in the letter, and concerning many others which they were pleased to question him about, the dissatisfied brethren aforesaid signified their full satis- faction and acquiescence in what the pastor had then represented as his faith, and then the church declared that they could not upon recollection remember that the pastor had ever advanced anything contrary to, or inconsistent with, what he had then declared to be his faith in the points questioned. A committee consisting of Henry Sherburne, Mat- thew Livermore, James Clarkson, and Deacons Mark Langdon and Daniel Jackson was joined with the pastor to prepare an answer, but John Eliot " in ye meeting addressed himself to ye church" and said, " I assure you I shall never give myself the trouble to read your answer." Thus ended in writing the first controversy with the young and liberal pastor, to whose views, in har- mony with the first tremblings of that religious move- ment which was soon to disturb New England, it is owing that the South Parish was prepared to fully en- dorse it under the ministry of Dr. Parker, which be- gan in 1808 and closed in 1833.' Ministers at the North or New Parish.— The new parish at the Bank, as it was then always named, and the North Church, since continued under the ministry of Mr. Rogers for nine years, and was suc- ceeded by Mr. Fitch, during whose ministry the feel- ing caused by the separation passed away, and Mr. Shurtlefi' then began an interchange of pulpit and pastoral services. Dr. Langdon. — Next, Mr. Langdon, the school- master in the town, who for a short time had been Mr. Fitch's assistant, and was pastor until 1774, when he accepted the presidency of Harvard College. Dr. Stiles. — He was succeeded by Dr. Stiles, who after a brief ministry was elected to the presidency of Yale College, and in 1779 by the Bev. Dr. Buck- minster, among the most gifted and distinguished ministers New Hampshire has had. Dr. Buckminster. — The old church, under its so- briquet of " the three-decker," on account of its gal- leries, was crowded by the eloquence of Dr. Buck-, minster, justly regarded as one of the greatest preachers of his day, and called upon at every public occasion. Dr. Haven was then suffering under the infirmities of age, and the South Parish had reached its lowest estate. The most cordial relations had for a long time existed between the clergymen and con- gregations of the two parishes, so that when Dr. Haven died in 1806, Dr. Buckminster ofiiciated at his funeral, and when Dr. Buckminster died in 1812, Dr. Parker, recently settled over the South Parish, preached his. funeral sermon to an immense and sor- rowing congregation in the North Church. It was during the ministry of Dr. Buckminster that the elements of a great theological change began to ap- pear in all parts of New England, and while the most pleasant interchanges of private and pulpit offices were abandoned, the doctrinal differences only widened. By reason of his eloquence and popular gifts and personal acceptance, Dr. Buckminster was still 1 See chapter xv. 88 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. patiently listened to by those who had grown away from his views, so that after his death, it was impos- sible for the parish to unite upon a successor for nearly three years; and one of the class-men they in- vited to settle over them on a strictly doctrinal vote by a majority of one, was a Unitarian, whose settle- ment was prevented only by the separate action of the church. When the parish failed in obtaining the pastor of their choice, at first protested against the settlement of Mr. Robinson to the number of over sixty legal voters and then withdrew to the South Parish, under the rising popularity of the distin- guished Dr. Parker. The Universalist Parish. — In the year 1784 we have to note another of large importance and influ- ence in the history of church matters in this town. In that year a house of worship was built in Vaughan Street, where Mr. Stoddard's stable now stands, and this should be, in historical accuracy, regarded as the beginning of the sect here instead of the year 1773, from which date the centennial services were reck- oned. It is true, Mr. Murray had preached the doc- trines of Universalism in Portsmouth as early as the commencement of the Revolutionary war, at the church building of the Sanderraanians and of the Independent Congregational Society, and meetings may have been held with some degree of regularity from the year 1782; but the historical beginnings of the parish cannot by any methods of reckoning be carried beyond 1780, and should with greater correct- ness begin with the ministrations of Mr. Parker, a layman of their own number in 1784. Then for ten years the society had only occasional supplies until Rev. George Richards was invited to become the minister in August, 1783, and was ordained in July, 1799. From that time until 1807 the parish had a prosperous life, and in the following year the present beautiful church edifice was dedicated.' Various Events. — In 17-56 the first newspaper pub- lished in New Hampshire was printed by Daniel Fowle, and called the New Hampshire Oazette and Historical Chronicle. In 1764 another weekly paper was started, because the Gazette was regarded as too timid in the cause of liberty, called the Neiv Hampshire Mercury. In 1758 a State-house was, by direction of the Gen- eral Assembly, built in this town; there for a number of years Dr. Haven, of the South Parish, and Dr. Langdon, of the North Parish, alternately officiated as chaplains. On the 20th of April, 1761, Mr. John Stavers commenced running a stage from this town to Boston, drawn by two horses and sufficiently wide to carry three passengers, leaving here on Monday and returning to this town on Friday, and the fare about three dollars. It was in the year 1774, in the excitement which, long controlled, was just beginning to break forth in the riotous demonstrations preceding 1 See chapter xv. the Revolution, that the Committee of Safety col- lected a company, and went to Fort William and Mary, at New Castle, occupying the sitfe of Fort Constitution, and brought ofTthe stores of gunpowder and arms, which some of our later historians have shown was one of the first acts of the war, and to be credited to the patriotism or the rebellion of this town before the battle of Bunker Hill or the affairs of Lex- ington and Concord. In the year 1775, Governor Wentworth came to the Isles of Shoals, and prorogued the General As- sembly, which was his last official act within the province, and the royal government in New Hamp- shire entirely ceased. , Independence and Peace. — In the year 1788 the articles of peace were celebrated in this town with great enthusiasm and display. Bells were rung, salutes fired, and the North Church crowded for a religious service, at which Dr. Haven and Mr. Buck- minster both offered prayers, which were spoken of as most eloquent and pathetic, a prayer in those days not unfrequently having all the preparation, charac- teristics, and effects of a most studied and brilliant orator. Visit of Washinifton.— In October, 1789, the President, George Washington, visited Portsmouth, and was received most heartily by the whole popula- tion. Full and glowing as our accounts are of this interesting event in our history, we can still depend only upon the imagination to fill out the picture of the enthusiastic oration, and the spontaneous grati- tude and respect which were paid to this illustrious general and statesman. Conclusion. — Since the Revolution there is little in the history of this settlement which one may not find easy of access in the various periodicals by which current events have been minutely described and carefully preserved. The early and struggling col- ony had become one of the original States of the American Union. For a long time Portsmouth filled an important place in the commerce, business, social life, literature, and culture of New England. Its beautiful old residences were guarded from the de- structive inroads of time, and however far its inhab- itants wandered, they cherished an unusual fondness for the place of their birth ; but for some years the changed and enlarged avenues of trade have drawn its sons to other centres of business which offer greater opportunities, and, like so many of the New England colonial towns, its future seems to be one of commercial decline instead of growth, while the ap- preciation of the beauty of its situation by the un- changing sea only deepens with its increasing throng of visitors. POKTSMOUTH. 89 CHAPTER XIV.^ PORTSMOUTH.— (Co»(m»erf.) Military Record.— The following roll of citizens comprise, so far as is known, all the persons who are now or have been, since the commencement of the war, in the service of the United States, either in the army or navy, also all persons who enlisted as a part of the quota of this city and received the bounty, whether such persons were residents or not. COMPANY K, SECOND REGIMENT. ■William 0. Sides, captain ; John S. Sides, secoDd lieutenant; Andrew J. Sides, George E. Sides, Charles W. Patch, Oliver F. Maxwell, ser- geants ; George R. Roitt, Beckford L. Rand, Christopher J. Mai-aball, William W. Shaw, James Ricker, Daniel D. Wendell, Rufus L. Beem, Charles E. GleasoD, corporals; James W. Taylor, musician; Benjamin J. Lake, wagoner. Privates. George A. Allen. Samuel Adams. Charles N. Allen. John AvL'i-y. Oliver N. Allen. John W. Bell. Allen P. Bell. Vauburen S. Bly. John B. Brockway. Hugh Boyle. Lewis B. Blaesdell. James N. Chase. Nathaniel M. Danielson, Joseph A. Doe. John F. Dearborn. Charles W. Downs. Horace L, Dearborn. Joseph Dame. Francis A. Fifield. William H. Goodwin. Joseph E. Gordon. Clarence S. Gray, James T. Gammon. Thomas Gannin, Cliarles E. Hantress. Jacob W. Hill. George E. Hill. Harlen P. Hodgdon. John Harvey. John Hayoes. Charles W. Holbrook, George E. JV)hnson. Joseph E. Janverin. William H. Kenniston. William S. King. Nathaniel M, Lear. Robert Lever. Edwin H. Leslie. Michael E. Long. Janips I. Locke. William Locke. William F. Lawson. Sedley A. Lowd. Alvah Manson. William H. Mix. Jeremiah Murphy. William C. Mclntire. Jeremiah Mahoney. John S. McDonald. Morris F McGraw. Joseph Moulton. John Marr. Daniel Neligan. Henry C. Norton. W. F. Oxford. John Pollock. Charles E. Plaisted. Nathaniel F. Palmer. Joseph W. Rogers. Samuel E. Reynolds. James Rutledge. John Riley. Charles R. Roberts. Charles Ridge. George Sawyer, Jr. Daniel F. Smith. James E. Seavey. Horace M. Smith. William T. Spinney. Robert C. Sides, Jr. Thomas B. Seaver. Alexander Steward. Joseph P. Sheppard. Freeman B. Tea^ne. William H. Twilight. Samuel Taylor. William H. Tenney. George W. Trickey. Henry Walker. Charles H. Warren. Joseph D. West. Andrew Willard. *' I certify that the rules and articles of war were read to the company on the 8th day of June, 1861. "William 0. Sides." "I certify on honor that I have carefully examined the men whose names are borne on this roll, and have accepted them into the service of the United States for the term of three years from this 8th day of June, 1861. (Signed) "Sbth Eastman, *' Major Third U. 8. Infantry, Mustering Officer." 1 Contributed to this work by Capt. William 0. Sides. John S. Sides, promoted to first lieutenant Aug. 15, 1861. Lieut. Charles W. Patch, killed at Gettysburg. Christopher J. Marshall, taken prisoner first Bull Run. Samuel Adams, deserted July 21, 1861. Oliver N. Allen, prisoner first Bull Run. William H. Kenniston, died Aug. 3, 1861, in hospital. William F. Oxford, wounded and taken prisoner fii-st Rull Run. Charles Ridge, taken prisoner first Bull Run. George Sawyer, taken prisoner first Bull Run. James E. Spavey, diowned at Aquia Creek Aug. 23, 1862. Henry Walker, killed in battle Aug-. 29, 1862. THIRD REGIMENT. John H. Jackson, lieutenant-colonel ; Alfred J. Hill, adjutant; William H. Cornelius, lieutenant: Thomas M. Jackson, second lieutenant. Company B. — William J. Morrison. Company D. James Neal. George W. Odiorne. William B. Parks. James W. Plaisted. Ezekiel C. Rand. ThoB, E. Stoodley. John H. Tredick. Leonard G. Wiggin. James Burk. Thomas Entwestle. Warren G. Gates. Geoige C. Harris. William Horrocks. Charles E. Johnson. Harrison E. Jt'linson. Daniel Kimball. Joseph T. Moore. Company K. — Charles W. Moulton, Richard Thomas. Marched from Concord Sept. 3, 1861. FOURTH REGIMENT N. H. V. Company A.— Harrison Hartford. Company B. George F. Towle, captain. Luther Harmon. Jacob Ambusler. John Henderson. Albert C. Berry. Seth W. Huntress. John W. Brewster. George H. Perkins. Stephen Conner. Company G. — James Donavau. Fourth Regiment marched from Manchester Sept. 27, 186L FIFTH REGIMENT N. H. V. Company B. — John H. Locke, Frank C. Sweetser. Company D.— Michael Brooks. Company K.— Peter Brennan, Charles W. Burleigh, Michael Harr, Walter M. Hatch, James Stearns, Robert S. Dame. Fifth Regiment marched from Concord Oct. 29, 1861. SIXTH REGIMENT N. H. V. Company H. Andrew J. Sides, second lieutenant. John S. Dore. Hiram Hrtyes. William A. Horton. William Kemp. Franklin Jones. Edward Martin, Hiram Morrow. Richard Norton. John O'Brine. Daniel Quinn. Charles H. Thompson, Reuben H. Ricker. Washington Sweet. Sixth Regiment N. H. V. marched from Keen Dec. 25, 1861. Lieut. A. J. Sides was first sergeant of Company K when it left the city, but was subsequently discharged and recruited the men of Company H. SEVENTH REGIMENT. Company D. — George B. Parker. Company G.— John White. James Berry. Havillah F. Downing. Pierpont Hammond. Dennis Kane. Bickford L. Rand. Irving W. Rand, William H, Redden, Samuel S. Sides. William G. Tripp, William Wilson. Edward McDonald. James Daley. 90 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUJSTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Seventh Regiment marched from Manchester Jan. 14, 1862. NINTH REGIMENT. Company C— David Binch. Company E. — Edward P. Goodwin. Ninth Regiment marched from Concord Aug. 25, 1862. TENTH BEGIMENT. George W.Tow^capt.; George E. ton, 2d lieut. Horace H. Adams. Henry L. Adliogton. Thomas Archibald. James S. Ayers. John 0. Ayers. Meschack Bell, Jr. Henry T. Brill. George Brown. Abram D. Burnham. Joseph B. Burnham. John H. CuBtton. Hesam Cowen. Thomas Day. William E. Dearborn. Benjamin P. Evana. John B. Fields. - Richard Pitzgerald. John H. Flint. Pranklin E. Gardner. Lucius Gilmore. Michael Gilligan. Thomas Haley. Michael Haire. Pierpont Hammond. Owen Henwood. John Higgins. "William Hill. George A. Hodgdon. John Hodgdon. Harlan P. Hodgdon. Charles L. Hoitt. James Howes. John E. Hoyt. Edward Jarvis. Joseph P. Keen. George M. Kimball. George King. Hodgdon, 1st lieut.; Lemon R. Mars- B. Stow Laskey. Charles W. Lolley. John N. Marden. Michael Mason. Charles Mayes. Robert Miles, John H. Moore. John H. Morrison. George 0. Murray. Charles H. Muchmore. John S. Patterson. Edward B. Prime. Charles W. Pickering. Edward 0. Randall. John H. Bamsdell. Eugene Reistle. Thomas Rutter. J. Albert Sanborn. Freeman F. Sanborn. Joseph S. Seavey. Michael Sheridan, Jr. Alfred S. Sweetser. Oliver P. Taylor. John Thompson. Andrew D. Walden. Richard Walsh. Andrew W. Whidden. Sylvester Y. White. Henry J. Willey. Thomas Williams. William H. Williams. William Wingate. Aaron Sias. Peter Sullivan. John H. Stringer. John S. Sheridan. Hurace J. Willey. Tenth Regiment marched from Manchester Sept. 22, 1862. ELEVENTH REGIMENT. Company A. — Francis F. Butchelder. Eleventh Regiment marched from Concord, Sept. 11, 1862. THIRTEENTH REGIMENT. Jacob Storer, maj. ; William J. Ladd, sergt.-maj. Company E. — Charles F. Adams, Henry Nutter. Company F. — Edwin H. Leslie. Company K. — Matthew T. Betton, capt. ; Enoch W. Goas, Ist lieut.; Nathaniel J. Coffee, 2d lieut. Samuel P. Abbott. Henry Bean. Charles Braydon. John W. Brown. Ferdinand Barr. D. Webster Barnabee. Joseph B. Brown. Thomas Critchley, Jr. Joseph H. Coche. Joseph N. Davidson. George Davids. James Danielson. Thomas Fairservice. Nathaniel GunniBon, James Gilchrist. John V. A. Hanson. John Harmon. Henry C. Hodgdon. Henry A. Haneyfield. Michael Hoy. Abel Jackson. Ephraim Jackson. Daniel M. Jellison. William H. Jellison. Francis R. Johnson. Martin Johnson. William H. Lean. James R. Morrison. John H. Mawbey. John Moore. Martin Moore. John Mottrane. John May. John McMillan. William Mitchell, Jr. Jeremiah L. Mclntire. Peter Mitchell. George Manning. Daniel H. Plaisted. William Peirce, Jr. Thomas B. Parks. Henry S. Paul. Charles Powell. Isaac N. M. Pry. John L. Randall. Owen H. Roche. Ezekiel C, Rand. Robert Rand. Charles W. Randall. Reuben S. Randall, Moses Rowe. John C. Stevens. Storer E. Stiles. Daniel J. Spinney. George Scott. Enoch F. Smith. Rol)ert M. Spinney. Charles G. Smith. George L. Sides. Edward W. Sides. Horace S. Spinney. Patrick Sullivan. Edwin A. Tillon. Henry S. Tliompson. Samuel Taylor. Benjamin F. Winn. Robert B. Welch William Warburton (2d). John P.Welch. Daniel H. Mclntire. Thirteenth Regiment marched from Concord Oct. 6, 1862. SIXTEENTH REGIMENT. Company K. Joseph H. Thacher, capt.; George T. Haven, 2d lieut. Henry B. Adams. George E.Allen. James Anderson. Thomas Brackett, Jr. Samuel Blatchforce. Henry M. Caster. James Cunningham. Daniel Danielson. Franklin Dow. William Dutton. Charles E. Ediiy. Henry 0. Ellinwood. James H. Emery. HoUis W. Fairbanks. Israel G.Fletcher. John Plynu. Otto Franck. Frederick Franz. Charles F. Goodwin. Thomas J. Goodwin. Charles ^. Gray. Jacob Haddock. Otis F. Haley. John Higgins, George W. Hill. Joseph E. Holmes. Christopher J. Kellenbeck. Jacob F. Knight. Philip Krnnz. John Leary. Charles W. Leavitt. Patrick Mahoney. William Mason. Wilde, Ist lieut. ; William A. Angus McCormick. John Mcintosh. James Mitchell. William J. Mills. John H. Morrill. Joseph E. Nash. Pranklin W. Neal. Timothy O'Leary. Albert A. Payne. Charles A. Payson. John H. Pearson. William A. Rand. Samuel Ruvill. Oren Seavey. James Shaw, Jr. John Shaw. Robert Smart. James L. Smith. Nathaniel Spinney. Charles Stewart. Joho Sullivan. John Taylor. Isaac Thomas. Mark W. Tucker. Charles Wagner. Samuel W. Walden. James A. Waterhouse. James E. Walker. Benjamin P. Watkins. Daniel Watkins. James Webster. George A. Woodsun. John P. Woodsun. Sixteenth Regiment marched from Concord Aug 14, 1863. SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT . Company B. Isaac F. Jenness, capt. ; Frank D. Webster, 1st lieut. Joseph W, Ackerman. John Barry. George Anderson. Thomas Brown. William J. Andrews. J. C. Canney. Charles H. Alvarez. William Carter. PORTSMOUTH. Daniel M. Clark. Warner Coggswell. Thomas Cook, John Fernald. Thomas H. Fisher. Joseph Fuller, Charles Davis, John F. Gallagher, Hiram A. Grant. Clarence S. Gray, James Haley. Joseph. A, Hane, Christopher W. Harrold, Henry Harris. Charles H. Kimball, John H. Lambert, Joseph Midgley. Thomas Mitchell. Charles E, Morse. John S. Perkins. Ammi C. Rand. Louis PI. Rand. James H. Roberta. Henry V. Rogers, Edward D. Stoodley. Robert W, StoU. James Tangney. Richard Turner. John W. Walker. John A. Walch, Henry Aa Whitton. Thomas H. Wilson. Henry Wingate. BERDAN'S REGIMENT (SHARPSHOOTERS). Company F,— Henry L, Richards, James H. Frost, Alvah H. Wood- ward, Paymaster Albert, H. Hoyt, FIRST REGIMENT NEW ENGLAND GAVALRT. Robert E, Sbillaber. FIFTH MAINE REGIMENT. John E. Moran. FIFTEENTH MAINE REGIMENT. Samuel Blackford, Addison H. Beach. FIRST MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. William H. Davidson, William H, Hunters. SECOND 3IASSACHUSETT:> REGIMENT. William Tate, wounded before Richpjond, and died Aug, 2,1862, TENTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT, Wilber F. Lamb, ELEVENTH MAS:?ACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Andrew H. Moran. TWELFTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Wallace W. Gore, Joseph J. Locke. THIRTEENTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Robert B. Henderson, John B. Coswell. FOURTEENTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. William H. Smith, SIXTEENTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. James W, Leverton. SEVENTEENTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Bzekiel Mann, Samuel A. Badger. NINETEENTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. George W. Moran, Samuel A. Bridge. TWENTY-SECOND MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Charles Drew, Joaeph Drew, Samuel A. Wiggin. TWENTY-THIRD MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Robert F. Foster, Simeon S. Sweet. TWENTY-FOURTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Henry W. Paul. TWENTY-FIFTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT, Samuel B. Shapleigh, Charles W. Shannon. FORTY-FOURTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Ezekiel Fitzgerald, Benjamin Chandler, Albert L. Dodge, Frederick L. Dodge. FORTY-SEVENTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. Charles C. Haley. FORTY-EIGHTH MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT. ' Charles L. Tidd. FIFTH NEW YORK ARTILLERY. John Swindells. FIFTY-SEVENTH NEW YORK REGIMENT. Daniel J. Vaughan. EIGHTY-NINTH NEW YORK REGIMENT. George A. Edny. THIRD WISCONSIN CAVALRY. George W. Carr. FIRST MINNESOTA. Oliver M. Knight. FIRST REGIMENT MASSACHUSETTS CAVALRY. Daniel B. Sawyer. SECOND REGIMENT MASSACHUSETTS CAVALRY Alberts. Leighton. HEAVY ARTILLERY AT FORT CONSTITUTION. Stephen S. Blaisdell. Charles E. Moore. Henry M. Davis. Andrew Goldthwait. Joseph H. Graves. Clarence S. Gray. John Haley. Samuel P. Halt. Alanson Ordway. George B. Roofe. Amos B. Smith, Stark Spinney. Jesse A. Tobey. Charles E, Young. UNITED STATES NAVY. George C. Abbott. John Q. Adams. Charles W. Adams. Woodbury Adams. George E. Anderson. Joseph Barry. Joshua Bastille. Andrew Bayoe. Freeman Beale. Daniel F. Bean. Joel Bean. Charles E. Beck. Charles E. Berry. William Black. William W. Black. George C. Buardman. Elijah Brown. George W. Brown. Joseph Brown. William Brown. William Brown. William Brown. Michael Buckley. James Burke. George Butler. William Card. Joseph W. Carlton. Henry A. Carter. Josiah P. Carter. Henry H. Gate. Joseph G. Gate, Albert Chamberlain. Horace A. Chase. Walter Ohesley. Charles W. Clark. Edmund Clark. Wallace W, Clark. Thomas Collins. Kiesan Copley. James Courtney. George Cox. Michael Crowley. William Currier. Charles Ciimiiiings. Frederick Danielson', Joseph Davidson. Francis Dema. James M. Devine. Michael Devine. John M. De Rochment. Castine B. De Witt. Arthur Dorrity. John H. Downs. Frank M. Drake. Nelson N. Downing. Franklin N. Ellison. Horace Ellison. William Ellison. William H. Emery. William Y. Evans. David Faulkner. William H, Fields, Albert Fisher. Joseph Fitzgerald, Joseph Foster. Charles E, Freeman, William D. Freeman, Thomas B. Gammon, Thomas S. Gay. J, Nelson Goodrich. Benjamin Gray. Charles A. C. Gray, Henry Gray, Samuel Gray. Frank W. Hackett, William H. Haddock. Allison W. Hadley. Mark S. Ham. Benjamin Harris. Thomtis A. Harris. Lyman H. Hertford. John Hartnett, Frank F. Hastings. Charles E. Hawkins. Henry Hayes. William C. Hazlett. Frederick Henderson. George Herbert. Daniel Hennessey. James Hennessey. John A. Holbrook. Charles W. Holmes. Alfred H. Hook. Andrew .T. H()ue;ii. HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. William H. Howell. Hugh Hunter. James Hurley. Michael Hurley. Patrick Hurley. William S. Jarvis. Henry Jenkins. John Jenkins. Abraham A. Johnson. Augustus Johnson. George N. Johnson. George W. Johnson. Charles C. Jones, John Jonea, Michael Jones. Charles K. Knox. John H. Knox. Thomas Kehoe. Irving W. Laighton. William F. Laighton. William M. Laighton. Henry S. Lambert. John L. Lambert. Edward D. Lane. Harvey V. Lang. Thomas W. Lang. John T. Larrabee. Samuel Lear. Lafayette Leary. John C. Lewis. Edwin W. Locke. Jeremiah S. Locke. Oliver H. Locke. William W. Locke. James Lynch. John F. Lyons. William H. Manson. Kobert B. Harden. Albert S. Marston. George E. Martin. GustavuB W. Mason. John McAwley. David McCliskey. Michael McCliskey. Daniel McDonald. Robert McFadden. John McGraw. John McKenly. Alexander McLead. Cornelius Mead. Henry Melvin. Oliver Messer. Thomas J. Mitchell. Thomas Moore. Edward Moeea, John F. Muchmore. Isaac C. Murch. James Murwick. William Newick. Jeremiah Newman. Leverett W. Noyes. William Nuckett. John E. Odwone. Andrew B. Paine. William Paine. John F. Parks. William Parks. Enoch G. Parrott. John A. Payne. George F. Pearson. Alberta. Pembell. Edward Pendexter. George W. Perry. William Pettigrew. Samuel Phelbrech. Charles W. Pickering. Simeon S. Pickering. William P. Pender. Alonzo K. Place. Charles L. Place. Leonard Place. Frank Plaieted. James E. Plaisted. Patrick Quenland. Cornelius Qninn. John Quinn. Thomas Quinn. Charles Bicker. Thomas W. Ridge. John M. Robprts. Joseph Reynolds. Alexander Robinson. Richard Robinson. Charles H. BofiS. Charles H. Rowe. Jabez Rowe. John Rutlidge. Lewis Rutlidge. iWilliam Rutlidge. Frank C. Sawyer. William 0. Seawards. George E. Smart. Ivory Smart. Charles J. Smith. James Smith. James H. Smith. John H. Smith. Stephen Smith. William Smith. James A. Snow. Lyman G Spalding. Chesley Spinney. William T. Spinney. George E. Stackpole. William Sfcinley. George W. Storer. William P. Storer. John W. Stott. Joseph W. Stringer. Dennis 0. Sullivan. Warren L, Sweet. Charles Tate. Andrew Tetterly. Samuel Thomas. Henry Tucker. Thomas L. Tullock, Jr. Edwin Underbill. Joseph B. Upham, Jr. Charles L. Varney. Frank A. Varney. John L. Venare. James Walch. Daniel Walker. William Walker. Joseph Wallace. Edward L. Warbnrton. Benjamin F. Watkins. Frank Watkins. Thomas Watkins. Richard Watkins. William Watkins. Henry C. Webster. William Webster. Edward H. Weeks. George W. Weeks. John Welch. Joshua Wetherell. Thomas Wetherell. Andrew White. Joshua W. White. George F. Whitehouse. Samuel A. Whitehouse. William H. Whitehouse. John W. Young. CHAPTER XV. PORTSMO UTH.— ( Continued. ) Churches^ — Banks — Press — Societies, etc. Methodist Episcopal Church.^— In the year 1790, Jesse Lee made his first appearance in Portsmouth as a Methodist preacher. From that time there was mis- cellaneous preaching until 1807. In the year 1807, Martin Ruter was appointed to Portsmouth and Nottingham. In the year 1808 the church was permanently or- ganized ; the first class was organized by George Pickering, in house No. 12 Washington Street, then occupied by a Mr. Hutchins. Brothers Pickering, Metcalf, and Stevens preached in the town, inter- changing their labors on the circuit system. This year they purchased a house previously occupied by the Universalists on Vaughan Street. Rev. George Pickering was the active agent in securing the house of worship. The price paid was two thousand dollars. Pews were reserved to the value of five hundred dol- lars, so the Methodists paid fifteen hundred dollars. In the same year (1808) an act of incorporation as the First Methodist Episcopal Church was obtained of the Legislature. In the year 1809, Rev. John Brodhead and Alfred Metcalf chiefly supplied the desk here. In 1810, Rev. John Williamson and Asa Kent sup- plied the desk ; the latter preached from December to June, and received as salary eighty-nine dollars and twenty-nine cents. In 1811, Eevs. John Brodhead and John Lindsey were appointed to New Market, Durham, and Ports- mouth, Deacon Lindsey preaching most of the time in Portsmouth. Every Sabbath a collection was taken, and the amount entered on the book of records. For lighting the house they used candles, and this item amounted to fourteen dollars and fifty-six cents. In 1812 and 1813, Rev. John Rexford was pastor, and reported sixty members. In 1814 and 1815, Rev. Thomas W. Tucker was preacher, and received one hundred and twenty-nine dollars and twenty-two cents, including board. In 1816, Rev. Josiali Chamberlain was pastor, and reported seventy-one members. In 1817 and 1818, Rev. Daniel Filmore was preacher in charge, and had a universal reformation, and as the house became too small, permission was obtained to use JeflTerson Hall for the prayer-meetings, which was crowded to its utmost capacity. A plea was made to Conference for Mr. Filmore's return for the third year, and by a little bending of the rules he was returned ; but this was thought to be an error, as there was some unhappy divisions between older members ^ For other churclieB see Rev. Mr. De Normandie's history elsewhere in this worl£. 2 By C. M. Hayford. PORTSMOUTH. 93 of the church. This year (1818) the Sabbath-school was formed under his labor.s. In July, 1820, Josiah Searritt was appointed to Portsmouth. In 1821 and 1822, Enoch Mudge was stationed here. In 1823 and 1824, Ephraim Wiley was stationed here. In 1825, Jacob Sanborn was stationed here. In 1826 and 1827, Shipley W. Wilson was stationed here, and during his labors here the present house of worship (on State Street) was built, at a co.it, includ- ing land, of about nine thousand dollars. The vestry was in the upper part of the house over the entry. The new church was dedicated Jan. 1, 1828, by Eev. Wilbur Fisk ; his text was Hag. ii. 9 : " The glory of the latter house shall be greater than the former." The old house was disposed of in 1829. In 1828 and 1829, Rev. John Newland Moffit was stationed here, and did good service in collecting money to reduce the debt on the church. On June 10, 1829, the New England Conference met in Ports- mouth, and the New Hampshire Conference was formed. In 1830, Stephen Lovell was preacher. In 1831, George Storrs was preacher in charge. In 1832, Holmes Cushman was preacher in charge. In 1833, Reuben H. Deming was preacher in charge. In 1834, Elezer Smith was preacher in charge. July 29, 1835, the New Hampshire Conference for the second time convened in this city. Bishop Emery presiding. Schuyler Chamberlain was appointed to this charge, and assured the people he should stay two years, and he did. In 1837, Jared Perkins was appointed as pastor. This year (1837) the vestry in the upper part of the house was vacated, and one fitted up in the basement of the church, which was occupied for twenty-two years. In 1838, James G. Smith was pastor. In 1^39 and 1840, Daniel T. Robinson was pastor. In 1841, Samuel Kelley was pastor. In 1842, Samuel Kelley was reappointed. In 1843, Jacob Stevens was appointed pastor. In 1844, the New Hampshire Conference for the third time held its session here, commencing July 10th, Bishop Hamlin presiding. In 1844 and 1845, Elisha Adams was stationed here. In 1846 and 1847, Rev. Daniel M. Rogers was sta- tioned here. In 1848, Rev. James Thurston was stationed here. In 1849 and 1850, Rev. Samuel Kelley was sta- tioned here. In 1851 and 1852, Rev. Richard S. Rust was sta- tioned here, and the vestry in the basement was im- proved by the outlay of four hundred dollars. In 1853 and 1854, Rev. Justin Spaulding was pas- tor, and the church was thoroughly repaired. In 1855 and 1856, Rev. Sullivan Holman was ap- pointed pastor, and under his labors a debt of twenty- three hundred dollars on the church was paid off. In 1857 and 1858, Rev. Jonathan Hall was sta- tioned here. May 4, 1859, the New Hampshire Conference for the fourth time was entertained by this church. Bishop Ames presiding. In 1859 and 1860, Rev. D. P. Leavitt was stationed here. Under his labors a new vestry, costing about fifteen hundred dollars (exclusive of land), was built on Daniel Street. The building committee were John Trundy, John H. Bailey, and William F. Laighton. In 1861 and 1862, Rev. Richard W. Humphries was stationed here. In 1863 and 1864, Rev. Sullivan Holman was sta- tioned here. In 1865 and 1866, Rev. James Pike was stationed here. In 1867, Rev. Silas G. Kellog was stationed here. In 1868 and 1869, Rev. H. L. Kelsey was stationed here, and under his administration the church was thoroughly remodeled inside, and improved somewhat on the outside. * In 1870-72, the Rev. Cadford M. Dinsmore was stationed here. In 1873 and 1874, Rev. Anthony C. Hardy was sta- tioned here. In 1875, Rev. Nelson M. Bailey was stationed here. In 1876 and 1877, Rev. James Noyea was stationed here. In 1878-80, Rev. Charles B. Pitblado was stationed here, and in the last half of his third year asked to be released from labor, that he might visit his friends and the home of his boyhood in Scotland, which was granted, and Rev. Watson W. Smith was employed to supply the remainder of the year. He also was returned to us for the year 1881. This year (1882) Rev. Joseph E. Robins is sta- tioned here, and our present membership is about one hundred and fifty. The Sunday-school numbers about one hundred and fifty; John E. Leavitt, super- intendent. The trustees for 1882 are William 0. Newton, John H. Broughton, Robert B. Adams, James Janvrin, Thomas Reese, John F. Leavitt, A. Milton Gardner, Silas Philbrick, and Daniel Mclntire. The board of stewards are William C. Newton, Daniel C. Mclntire, Alfred M. Lang, William Batch- elder, George Mallett, Henry D. Marston, John N. Willey, A. Milton Gardner, and Chandler M. Hay- ford ; Thomas Reese, L.D.; Meahac Bell, L.P. The Free-Will Baptist Church' was organized in 1823 by Rev. David Marks, one of the leading men in the denomination in those days. Pastors, Revs. Ezekiel True, J. B. Davis, Isaac G. Davis, William P. Merrill, Arthur Caverns. In the year 1846 the 1 By J. Herbert Teoman. 94 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. church disbanded. The present church was organ- ized Feb. 17, 1851. Pastors, Eevs. John Pinkham, 1851 ; A. R. Bradbury, 1851-53 ; the next two years the pulpit was supplied by Rev. S. P. Fernald ; 1855-56, Rev. P. Chesley ; 1856-57, Rev. Lowell Parker; 1858-59, Rev. Francis Reed; 1859-63, Rev. C. E. Haskell; 1863-66, Rev. L. L. Harmon; 1866-77, Rev. E. Owen; 1878-79, Rev. .1. Herbert Yeoman, June 20, 1880, to the present time. The meeting-house was built on Pearl Street in 1858, and was thoroughly repaired during the pastor- ate of Mr. Harmon. Number of members, one hun- dred and thirty-six ; Sunday-school scholars, one hundred. Officers: Rev. J. Herbert Yeoman, pas- tor ; Moses Plummer, clerk ; Eben Brackett, treasurer ; William F. Ham, Eben Brackett, deacons. Moses Plummer, superintendent of Sunday-school ; Martin Richmond, assistant superintendent ; Willard Young, librarian. The legal business is transacted by a society dis- tinct from the church organization, which is purely religious. J. Wesley Wilson is president of the society, Martin Richmond is vice president, and Joseph Moore is clerk. , The Middle Street Baptist Society' was estab- lished in 1826, eight individuals meeting in " the old Assembly House" on Vaughan Street and constitu- ting themselves into a Calvin Baptist Church. The society afterwards worshiped in what is now the Uni- tarian chapel, on Court Street, and in 1828 built and occupied their present brick edifice, on the corner of Middle and State Streets, when they assumed the above name. Rev. Duncan Dunbar, who was active in the formation of the church, supplied the pulpit for a while. The pastors have been as follows : 1827, Rev. Baron Stow ; 1836, Rev. John G. Naylor ; 1839, Rev. Freeman G. Brown ; 1843, Rev. Silas Ilsley ; 1848, Rev. William Lamson, D.D. ; 1860, Rev. Edwin B.Eddy; 1864, Rev. Henry F. Lane; 1868, Rev. Wil- liam H. Alden, D.D., the present pastor. The Christian Church^ was organized Jan. 1, 1803, by Elder Elias Smith. How many united in the church organization the church record does not say, but evidently it was very small, for the record says, " That so great was the desire of Elder Smith to see such a church, that he thought a labor of twenty years would be a pleasure, if in the end he might see twenty united and walking according to the New Testament." This was seeq very soon, " for in March they numbered twenty-two, and obtained leave to hold their meetings in the court-house, and the first Sunday in April, 1803, they held their first commu- nion. The interest continued and baptisms were frequent, not only on the Sabbath but on week-days, and in about one year the little company of twenty-two had increased to about one hundred and fifty. The membership of the church was not confined to Ports- 1 By L. W. Brewster. 2 By Bev. John A. Goss. mouth, but members were received from Newington Hampton, Hampton Falls in New Hampshire, Kit- tery in Maine, and as far as Haverhill and Bradford in Massachusetts. In 1807 and 1808 there was the greatest revival ever known in Portsmouth, and large numbers were added to the church. On the 1st of September, 1808, Elder Smith commenced the publication of Tlie Her- ald of Oospel Liberty. This was the first religious newspaper ever published in this country if not in the world, and is still the organ of the Christian de- nomination, and is published at Dayton, Ohio. The records are rather imperfect up to 1826. In that year Elder Moses How took the pastorate of the church, their place of worship then being the old temple on Chestnut Street. During the summer of 1834 Elder How baptized sixty-nine persons. January, 1837, Elder Abner Jones took charge of the church as pastor. Elder How having received and accepted a call from the Second Christian Church at New Bedford, Mass. Elder Jones did not continue as pastor long, for in 1838 we find an account of bap- tism by Elder David Millard. In 1839 the brick meeting-house on Pleasant Street was purchased, at which time a division took place and a second church organized. Elder Millard's ministry was successful, and many were added to the church. The record says nothing of his resignation, but November, 1840, it speaks of Rev. E. N. Harris as pastor. Two years after he resigned. Rev. George W. Kilton was his successor, who remained three years, and was followed by Rev. A. M. Averill, who continued with him for years, preaching his farewell sermon Oct. 27, 1850. Rev. Thomas Holmes, D.D., was then called to the pas- torate, which position he held until Oct. 1, 1853, when he resigned to accept the professorship of the Greek language in Antioch College, at Yellow Spring, Ohio. The church then engaged the services of Rev. Charles Bryant for six months ; the remainder of the year the pulpit was supplied by Revs. O. P. Tucker- man and A. G. Comings. In 1855 Rev. B. S. Fanton settled as pastor of the church. The cliurch and society vacated the Pleasant Street meeting-house Oct. 26, 1826, and for a while held services, in a chapel on Hanover Street. Oct. 4, 1 857, Rev. Thomas Holmes, D.D., was again called to the pastorate of the church. Previous to this time Elder Austin Damon, of New York, had supplied the pulpit. Brother Holmes resigned in 1860, and Elder Moses How was again invited to the pastorate. He re- mained about one year, when Rev. I. F. Waterhouse, of Providence, R. I., was called. Brother Water- house remained five years, during which time the present place of worship was purchased. Rev. C. P. Smith was called to the pastorate early in 1868, which position he occupied until July, 1872. Oct. 1, 1872, Rev. John A. Goss, of Lynn, Mass., was called to the pastorate, and still holds that position PORTSMOUTH. 95 (September 20th). The history of this church is deeply interesting. Like most churches it has seen its times of declension as well as its times of pros- perity. From 1826 to the present time (Sept. 20, 1882) nine hundred and sixty persons have been con- nected with it as members. Its membership is now about one hundred and eighty. Our platform is briefly this : Our name, Christian ; our creed, the Bible ; our test of Christian and church fellowship. Christian character ; the growing issue, loving sympathy for all who love the Lord Jesus. The Immaculate Conception (Roman Catholic) Church was erected in 1873 at a cost of fifty thou- sand dollars, corner Chatham and Summer Streets, Eev. Eugene M. O'Callaghan, pastor. The Second Advent Church was organized Jan. 4, 1859. The chapel was dedicated June 20, 1859. The church at present has no pastor, the desk being supplied by evangelists. The present oflBcera are Joseph W. White, clerk ; Samuel W. Hoyt, treas- urer; and Joseph W. White, William Israel, and Samuel W. Hoyt, board of managers. The North Parish. — The pastors of the North Parish since Mr. Moodey have been Buckminster, Putnam, Moore, Gage, Adams, Martin, Hubbell, and the present incumbent. Rev. Mr. McGinley. Unitarian Church. — Dr. Peabody was pastor from 1833 to 1860. Rev. James De Normandie became pastor of the church in 1862, and has ofBciated to the present time, a period of over twenty years. Universalist Church. — The pastors from Rev. Richards to the present time have been Rev. Hosea Ballou, S. Streeter, Edward Turner, Thomas F. King, Moses Ballou, George W. Montgomery, M. Ballou (second pastorate here), S. S. Fletcher, W. A. P. Dil- lingham, Lemuel Willis, A. J. Patterson, Ambler, Bicknell, Van Ciot, Hebberd, Grant, and Haskins. Banks. — The first banking institution in Ports- mouth was the New Hampshire Bank, organized in 1792, with a capital of $160,000. Oliver Peabody was president, and D. R. Rogers cashier. It continued about fifty years. The second bank was the New Hampshire Union, organized in 1802, with a capital of two hundred thousand dollars. The Portsmouth Bank was organized in 1803, with Thomas Sheafe, president, and Andrew Halliburton, cashier. The Rockingham National Bank is a suc- cessor of the Rockingham Bank, which was organized Jan. 3, 1814. It was reorganized as a national bank' April 17, 1865. Capital, $200,000. Cashiers: Jacob 5. Pickering, Jan. 3, 1814 to 1849 ; John J. Pick- ering, September, 1849, to January, 1870 ; William The rectora of the Epiecopal Church since Rev. Dr. Burroughs have been Bevs. Hitchcock, Armitage, Davies, Bingham, Clark, and Holbrook. The present church edifice was erected at a cost of one hundred thou- sand dollars, and is probably the finest ecclesiastical structure in New Hampshire. It was the gift of Mr. George Marsh. Tuckerman, January, 1870, to January, 1871; John P. Hart, January, 1871, to present time. Presidents, John Haven, 1814 to 1845; J. M. Tredick, 1845 to 1873 ; John J. Pickering, 1873 to present time. Present Directors, John J. Pickering, George W. Haven, T. Salter Tredick, J. S. H. Frink, Francis E. Langdon, William A. Peirce. Capital, $200,000 ; sur- plus, $40,000. The National Mechanics' and Teadees' Bank is a successor of the Commercial Banh, which was chartered in July, 1825, with a capital of $150,000. Isaac Walton, president ; George Melcher, Jr., cashier ; succeeded by Richard Jenness, president; James T. Shores, cashier. This bank was succeeded by the Mechanics' and Traders' Bank, chartered 1844. Cap- ital, $150,000. Richard Jenness, president; James T. Shores, cashier. This was succeeded by the National Mechanics' and Traders' Bank, organized May, 1864. Capital, $300,000. George L. Treadwell, president ; James T. Shores, cashier. Mr. Shores died in 1871, and was succeeded by G. W. Butler, cashier. G. L. Treadwell resigned in February, 1876, succeeded by John Sise. G. W. Butler resigned in April, 1881 ; succeeded by John Laighton, who resigned in March, 1882, when James P. Bartlett was elected cashier. The present location has been occupied for a bank nearly sixty years, and some of the present stock- holders are the descendants of the original corpora- tors. The present officers are John Sise, president; J. P. Bartlett, cashier; W. P. Benedict, teller; Direc- tors, John Sise, William H. Rollins, Charles H. Men- dum, John S. Pray, and Joseph W. Peirce. The New Hampshieb National Bank is a suc- cessor of the Bank of New Hampshire, incorporated in 1855. The present bank was incorporated in 1865. Peter Jenness was president from 1855 to 1866, when he was succeeded by Mr. J. P. Bartlett, who remained until 1882, when he resigned, to become cashier of the Mechanics' and Traders' National Bank, and was succeeded by E. A. Peterson, the present incumbent. J. P. Bartlett was cashier from 1855 to 1866, and L. S. Butler from 1866 to the present time. The present directors are Frank Philbrick, H. F. Wendell, True M. Ball, Daniel Marcy, E. A. Peterson, Thomas A. Harris, Washington Freeman. Capital, $150,000. The Fiest National Bank is a successor of the Piscataqua Bank, the Piscataqua Exchange Bank, and the first First National Bank. It was organized first as a national bank in 1863, and was the first national bank organized in the United States under the Na- tional Banking Act. Its charter having expired by limitation, it was rechartered in 1882. Hon. W. H. Y. Hackett was president of the Pis- cataqua Bank, also of the Exchange Bank and of the National Bank, until his decease, Aug. 9, 1878. He was succeeded by ex-Governor Ichabod Goodwin, who remained president until his death, in 1882, when he was succeeded by E. P. Kimball, the present presi- dent. 96 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Samuel Lord was cashier of the Piscataqua, Piscat- aqua Exchange, and the National Bank until his death, iwhen he was succeeded by Mr. E. P. Kimball, who re- mained as cashier until the death of Governor Good- win, when he was chosen president, and R. C. Peirce acting cashier. Directors, W.L. Dwight, JohnStavers, W. H. Hackett, E. P. Kimball, and E. H. Winchester. Capital, $300,000. Portsmouth Savings-Bank. — May 26, 1818, some of the most prominent citizens of the town niet and organized an "Institution for the Deposit and Invest- ment of Monies," and applied for a charter, which, towever, the Legislature declined to grant. But in 1823 the charter of the " Portsmouth Savings-Bank" was obtained, and this bank is therefore among the oldest of such institutions in the United States. The bank was first kept in a chamber of the build- ing now occupied by it, and open for deposits and withdrawals only on Wednesdays, from three to five P.M. It was first opened Aug. 20, 1823, and on that day nine deposits were made, ranging from $5 to $240, and amounting in all to $626. One of these accounts has never been closed, and is still on the books of the bank. Another deposit of $20, made Dec. 17, 1823, has been undisturbed from that time, and now amounts by mere accumulation of interest to $618.08. The present amount of deposits is $2,916,242.70, belonging to 8084 depositors. The bank has also a guarantee fund of about $80,000. The following is a list of the presidents and treas- urers of the bank : Presidents, Nathaniel A. Haven, 1823-81 ; Henry Ladd, 1831-39; James Rundlett, 1889-40; Robert Rice, 1840-44; William M. Shackford, 1844-69; William Siraes, 1869-80 ; William H. Rollins, 1880. Treasurers, Samuel Lord, 1823-69 ; James F. Shores, Jr., 1869-77 ; Joseph H. Foster, 1877. The present trustees are Lyman D. Spalding, Sam- uel Adams, J. S. Pray, J. W. Emery, W. W. Cotton, Joseph H. Thacher, Charles H. Mendum, John Knowlton, John Sise, Benjamin F. Webster, Thomas E. Call, Charles H. Rollins, Daniel Marcy, John Laighton, Marcellus BufFord, Charles M. Laighton, Henry M. Clark, W. Freeman. The Portsmouth Trust and Guarantee Company, a savings-bank, incorporated in 1871, with a perpetual charter. The presidents have been George L. Treadwell, Ezra H. Winchester, and Jeremiah F. Hall. The present oflScers are : President, Jeremiah F. Hall ; Vice-President, Frank Jones ; Directors, Jere- miah F. Hall, Frank Jones, Ezra H. Winchester, Daniel Marcy, John Sise, Thomas H. Odion, Edwin A. Peterson, William D. Fernald, Calvin Page, and Samuel J. Gerrish ; Treasurer, Charles H. Rollins. Charles H. Rollins was treasurer until December, 1876, when he was succeeded by G. L. Treadwell, who pflSciated until April, 1879, when Mr. Rollins was re- appointed, and has held the office to the present time. The Piscataqua Savings-Bank was incorporated in 1877 with the following incorporators : I. Goodwin, W. H. Y. Hackett, E. D. Kimball, W. L. Dwight, John H. Broughton, Robert C. Peirce, Augustus Lord, J. Albert Walker, J. H. Hutchinson, A. P. Howard, J. W. F. Hobbs, E. C. Spinney, and E. B. Philbrick. The first president was W. H, Y. Hackett, who was succeeded by Governor Ichabod Goodwin. Mr. R. C. Peirce has been secretary and treasurer from the beginning. Trustees, William L. Dwight, J. H. Hutchinson, E. C. Spinney (Kittery, Me.), E. P. Kimball, J. Albert Walker, Robert C. Peirce, J. W. F. Hobbs [North Hampton), E. B. Philbrick (Rye), John H. Broughton, A. F. Howard, and H. A. Yeaton. The New Hampshire Gazette.— This is the old- est continuously published newspaper in the United States. The first number appeared Oct. 7, 1756, and the imprint reads, "Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Printed by Daniel Fowle, where this paper may be had at one dollar per annum, or an equivalent in Bills of Credit, computing a dollar this year at Four Pounds old Tenor." Daniel Fowle, who was the first printer in New Hampshire, was born at Charlestown, Mass., and began business near the head of King (now State) Street, in Boston, in 1740. In 1754 he was arrested by order of the House of Representatives, on suspicion of having printed a pamphlet entitled " The Monster of Mon- sters ; by Tom Thumb, Esq.," which contained severe animadversions on some of the members. He was cast into jail, but subsequently suifered to depart with- out trial. Unable to obtain satisfaction for the illegal imprisonment, and disgusted with the provincial gov- ernment of Massachusetts, Fowle accepted an invita- tion from several prominent gentlemen of this State to remove to Portsmouth, and the result was the issue of his first number of the New Hampshire Gazette on the date above mentioned. This number, of which a, facsimile was produced at the centennial anniversary of the introduction of the art of printing into New Hampshire, celebrated in Portsmouth, Oct. 6, 1856, was seventeen by ten inches, and was published in this size until the beginning of the year 1757, when it was enlarged, and in July of that year, and occasionally after, was doubled in size in its issue. In 1797 it was permanently enlarged. But little is known of the location of the office. The paper did not give that information. The first issues 'were from an office in an old wooden building at the corner of Pleasant, Washington, and Howard Streets, removed a few years since, to be succeeded by the brick dwelling-house recently built on the site by Mr. John E. Colcord. In 1767 we find it published by Daniel and Robert Fowle, " near State House, in the Street leading to the Ferry," now Market Street, and perhaps this was the first removal from the Pleasant Street location, which was until then near the centre PORTSMOUTH. 'Jl of business of the town. An ancient deed of land at corner of Pleasant and Richmond Streets Would lead us to infer that Fowle had this site as late as 1772 for his office. In any event the office has been frequently removed, having been in Congress Street, on the site of the present Franklin building, on Daniel Street, and on Pleasant Street opposite to the locality where for the past twenty-one years it has been pub- lished. But the fact remains certain that if the office of publication changed, the weekly appearance of the paper has never ceased for more than a century and a quarter of its existence. Fowle published the Gazette, either alone or with his partner, until 1785, when he sold the paper to two of his apprentices, John Melcher and George Terry Osborne. Fowle died in 1787. The publication up to 1785 was as follows : By Daniel Fowle, from 1756 to 1764, when Robert Fowle became interested in the paper, and continued until 1773. Benjamin Dear- born was publisher in 1776, but two years after, Mr. Fowle resumed the publication, and was succeeded by Melcher & Osborn, in 1785. Mr. Osborn shortly after retired, but Mr. Melcher continued until 1802, when he sold to Nathaniel S. and Washington Peirce, who changed the politics of the Gazette from Federal to Republican. Mr. Melcher was the first State printer, — an office continued to the publishers of the Gazette down to 1814. N. S. and W. Peirce, in con- nection with Benjamin Hill and Samuel Gardner, published the paper for little more than seven years, when it was Kold to William Weeks, who came to Portsmouth from Rutland, Me., and conducted the paper up to 1813. He was followed by Gideon Beck and David C. Foster, whose firm of Beck & Foster was dissolved by the death of Mr. Foster in 1823. From this time to 1834, Mr. Beck was the publisher. Then Albert Greenleaf was admitted as partner, and in 1838 Mr. Beck retired. After this Thomas B. Laighton, formerly a prominent politician of Ports- mouth, but who afterwards spent his declining years at Appledore, Isles of Shoals, was for a year or more interested with Abner Greenleaf, Jr., as the imprint informs us, and subsequently from late in 1839, and Mr. Greenleaf alone conducted the paper down to 1841. Then Samuel W. Mores, a practical printer, with Joel C. Virgin acting as editor, and George - Greenleaf published the paper until 1844, when Abner Greenleaf (Sr.) is named as editor. Then ap- pears •' A. Greenleaf & Son." For the succeeding two year., the paper was owned and managed by certain prominent Democrats, who gave no sign of editorship or proprietorship. In 1847, William Pickering Plill, a son of ex-Governor Isaac Plill, came from Concord, where he had been interested in the Patriot, and pur- chased the GnzrtJc, and also an opposition Democratic paper called the Bej>iiljlican Union, and the Gazette was then enlarged. He also started a daily Gazette, but his efforts were not successful, and he retired after a loss of no little amount of money during his man- 7 agement. Mr. Hill was succeeded by Gideon PI. Rundlett, who was an able and fearless writer, and as far as a political paper was desired he supplied the need. He was followed by Edward N. Fuller, for- merly of Manchester, who took the paper in 1852, and remained until 1858, when he removed to Newark, N. J. He attempted to publish a daily Gazette, which was a reputable paper, but the enterprise was not ap- preciated, and it was given up. In 1858, Mr. Fuller was succeeded by Amos S. Alexander, Esq., a.lawyer from the interior of the State, who held an office under the administration, but was not always in the line of service acceptable to the party managers. He gave way to Samuel Gray, a native of Portsmouth, and a practical printer, in February, 1859. In Sep- tember, 1861, Mr. Gray sold out to Frank W. Miller, who had started with others the Daily Chronicle in 1852, and the Gazette establishment became united with the Chroniale office. The New Hampshire Gazette was then removed from the office in Daniel Street opposite the old Custom-House to its present location in Exchange Building in Pleasant Street, and its time-honored name appeared at the head of the weekly paper published at the Chronicle office: Many of its former subscribers continued to take the paper, which now became transformed from a political organ to a nettfspaper, and its circulation began to increase. In 1868, Mr. George W. Marston became a partner with Mr. Miller, and the paper was published by Frank W. Miller & Co. Mr. Miller sold his interest in October, 1870, to Mr. Washington Freeman, who has ever since owned one-half of the paper. Mr. Marston disposed of his interest in June, 1877, to William H. Hackett, who, with Mr. Freeman, pub- lished the paper under the name of the "Chronicle and Gazette Publishing Company." In June, 1882, Mr. Hackett disposed of his interest to Mr. Charles W. Gardner, a practical printer of Portsmouth. During the proprietorship of Mr.«F. W. Miller and his successors there have been in the editorial chair Messrs. Tobias Ham Miller, Mr. Jacob H. Thomp- soii (now connected with the editorial department "of the Neiu York Times); and the present editor, Mr. Israel P. Miller. After Mr. Marston purchased an interest in the paper it advocated the principles of the Republican party, but it has of late aimed to ex- cel in serving its readers with general and local news rather than with abstract dissertation upon political topics. During the lifetime of the Gazette about thirty newspapers have come and gone in Ports- mouth, the last to cease publication beiug Miller's Weekly, a temperance journal, which stopped soon after the decease of its founder and owner, the late Frank W. Miller. The Daily Clironicle, which was started by Messrs. F. W. Miller, Thomas M. Miller, and Samuel Gray in 1852, under the firm of Miller & Gray, has been in turn owned by this firm, F. W. Miller & Co., Mars- ton & Freeman, and by the "Chronicle and Gazette 98 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE Publishing Company." Since its establishment the local news of Portsmouth has been carefully pro- duced by the papers, perhaps in better shape than in any place of its size in the country, a feature which is appreciated by the many natives of the " City by the Sea," who go to live beyond its borders, and yet cher- ish a desire for news from home. The next oldest paper in Portsmouth is the Portsmouth Journal, which succeeded the Oracle, established in 1793. It has borne its present name for over sixty years. The Portsmouth Journal.— The original title of the Journal was The Oracle of the Day. It was established by Charles Pierce June 3, 1793, and pub- lished semi-weekly until January, 1798, when it was enlarged and became a weekly, the editor giving as a reason for the change that the public demand was for " one very large paper per week in the room of two." The "very large" paper measured twelve by'nineteen inches. The Oracle started and was conducted in the interest of the Federal Republican party. Jan. 4, 1800, on the week that the paper was in deep mourning for the death of Washington, its name was changed to The United States Oracle of the Day. Mr. Peirce sold out July 4, 1801, to William Treadwell & Co., on account of " the impaired state of his health" and " the excessive fatigue attendant in the publication of a newspaper." In October of that year the name of the paper became United States Oracle and Portsmouth Advertiser. The publishing firm became William & Daniel Treadwell Dec. 11, 1802. The name Portsmouth Oracle was adopted Oct. 22, 1808, and Daniel Treadwell left the firm just two years afterwards. Charles Turell be- came the publisher Sept. 25, 1813. In January, 1821, the paper was purchased by Na- thaniel A. Haven, Jr., who changed its name to The Portsmouth Journal of Literature and Politics. The name and the plain style of the heading have never since been changed. Charles Turell published it until Feb. 7, 1824, when the publication was assumed by Harrison Gray & Co., Mr. Turell continuing to print it. It was made a six-column paper in January, 1823. Nov. 20, 1724, the publishers were H. Gray and E. L. Childs, the latter of whom died at Washington, D. C, about two years ago. Mr. Haven conducted the Journal four years. He was a gentleman of the best literary ability and at- tainments, and gave to the paper a high standing in the community. Miller & Brewster purchased the Journal July 2, 1825, and thereafter edited and published it at No. 3 Ladd Street, where it continued to be published until January, 1870, when the office was removed to its present location. Oct. 20, 1827, the Journal absorbed the Rockingham Gazette, published at Exeter by Francis Grant; and June 1, 1833, it also included the State Herald, a Portsmouth paper, these names appearing at the head of the paper until Aug. 13, 1836. T. H. Miller re- tired from the firm April 26, 1834. The paper was enlarged in June, 1838, again in January, 1853, and again to its present size Feb. 29, 1868. The present proprietor, Lewis W. Brewster, became connected with the publication of the paper in Jan- uary, 1856, in the firm of Charles W. Brewster & Son. The senior partner died Aug. 4, 1868, and in January, 1869, the publication began and has continued as at present. The Daily Portsmouth Jaurnal, which we have men- tioned above, was started for a week's trial June 4, 1834, but was not a success apparently. It was a little sheet of four pages, the page measuring eight by ten and a half inches. "The States and Union." — The first number of the States and Union newspaper was issued on Jan. 2, 1863, by Mr. Joshua L. Foster, because (as he an- nounced in his salutatory) of "the indispensable necessity of a sound and thoroughly Democratic jour- nal in this section of the State," the Democracy of Rockingham County having been deprived of an organ by the death of the New Hampshire Gazette, which took place in 1862, having been printed for over one hundred years. The old Gazette presses and material were purchased for the new enterprise, and the paper was issued from the office which had for many years been occupied by the Gazette, No. 31 Daniel Street. At the commencement of the second volume Mr. George W. Guppy's name appeared as publisher in connection with Mr. Foster. The paper was decidedly outspoken and fearless, and because of its views upon the conduct of the war it was mobbed on April 10, 1865, everything contained within the office — type, presses, material, and machinery of every description — being destroyed and thrown into the street. After this the type was set and press-work for the paper done for a few weeks in Manchester, until new material and presses could be procured and brought to Portsmouth, when work was resumed in tlie office, and the paper has been issued regularly ever since. The Daily Evening Times.— On March 16, 1868, the Daily Evening Times began to be issued from the same establishment, with Joshua L. Foster as editor and proprietor, George W. Guppy as publisher, and William M. Thayer as local editor, and the paper has been regularly issued ever since. In May, 1870, Mr. Foster sold the establishment to Messrs. Thayer & Guppy, and their connection continued till November, 1873, when Mr. Guppy bought his partner's interest, and was sole editor and proprietor until Deo. 15, 1879, when he sold out to Mr. Alpheus A. Hanscom, who was formerly publisher of the Maine Democrat, at Saco, Me., and for the fifteen years immediately pre- vious to his purchase of Mr. Guppy was one of the proprietors and editors of the Union Democrat and Manchester Daily Union, at Manchester, N. H. The Navy- Yard. — The following is a list of the commandants of the navy-yard at this place from 1812 to 1883 : . PORTSMOUTH. '.I 'J Captain Isaac Hull, 1812. " Thofl. Macdonough, 1816. ■ " Charles Morris, 1818. " W. M. Crane, 1823. " C. G. Ridgeley, 1825. " J. 0. Oreighton, 1826. " J. D. Henley, 1828. " W. M. Ciane, 1832. " John D. SInat, 1840. " George W. Storer, 1843. " Daniel Turner, 1846. " Thomas W. Wyman, 1849. " Joseph Smoot, 1852. " John T. NewtOD, 1866. Captain John Pope, 1867. Commodore G. F. Pearson, 1860. T. Bailey, 1864. " Joseph Lanman^ 1867. " Jno. A. Wiuslow, 1869. " A. M, Pennock, 1870. J. C. Howell, 1872. " A. Eryson, 1874. " Earl English, 1876. John Gneet, 1877. " J. C. Beaumont, 1879. C.H.Wells, 1881, who is now the present commandaat. list of Vessels of War built at this Station. Built for the Boi/al Mini/.— 1690, frigate Falkland, 64 giins ; 1696, frigate Bedford, 32 guns; 1749, frigate America, 60 guns. Built for the Colonial Navy, from 1776 to 1800.— 1775, frigate Ealeigh, 22 guns; 1776, slnop Kaiiger, 18 guns; 1778, frigate Crescent,' 32 guns; 1799, frigate Congress, 38 guns; 1776, ship of line America, 74 guns; 1797, sloop Portsmouth, 24 guns; 1798, schooner Scammel, 14 guns. Built for the Navy of the United States. — 1814, ship Washington, 74 guns; 1817, ship Alabama (changed to New Hampshire, launched 1864), 74 guns; 1820, schooner Porpoise, 11 gnus ; 1820, frigate Santee (launched 1865), 44 guns; 1827, sloop Concord, 24 guns; 1839, sloop Preble, 20 guns; 1841, frigate Congress, 60 guns; 1842, sloop Saratoga, 24 guns; 1843, sloop Portsmouth, 24 guns ; 1848, steam frigate Saranac, 11 guns ; 1865, light-ship for Nantucket; 1857, sloop Jamestown,^ 24 guns; 1867, steam sloop Mohican, 9 guns; 1864, ironclad Passaconaway, 4 guns; 1864, tug Port Fire; 1864, Blue Light; 1864, ironclad Agamenticus, 4 guns; 1864, sloop of war Piscataqua, 15 guns; 1864, sloop of war Minnetonka, 15 guns; 1864, sloop of war Illinois, 16 guns; 1861, steam sloop Ossipee, 9 guns; 1861, steam sloop Keai-sarge, 9 guns ; 1861, steam sloop Sebago, 9 guns; 1861, steam sloop Mahaska, 9 guns; 1862, steam sloop Sacramento, 10 guns; 1862, steam sloop Sonoma, 10 guns; 1862, steam sloop Conne- maugh, 10 guns ; 1863, steam sloop Sassacus, 10 guns ; 1863, steam frigate Franklin, 60 guns; 1863, steam sloop Patuxent, 9 guns; 1863, steam sloop Nipsic, 9 guns; 1863, steam sloop Shawmut, 10 guns; 1863, steam sloop Dacota,2 10 guns ; 1864, steam sloop Contoocook, 16 guns: 1865, steam sloop Benecia, 11 guns; 1869, steam sloop Monongahela,2 10 guns; 1873, flteam sloop Marion, 10 guns ; 1873, steam sloop Enterprise, 7 guns ; 1874, steam sloop Essex, 7 guns. List of officers now on duty at the navy-yard : Com- modore C. H. Wells, U.S.N. ; Captain E. A. K. Ben- ham; Commandants T. H. Eastman, A. E. Yates, B. J. Cromwell, M. S. Johnson, C. G. Barclay ; Lieuten- ants William H. Reeder, Herbert Winslow ; Medical Inspector C. J. Cleborne; Chief Engineers B. F. Oarvin, D. B. Macomb, Essa J. Whitaker; Past As- sistant Engineer William H. Nauman ; Chaplain William H. Stewart; Naval Constructor E. W. Steel; Commander's Secretary William F. Lawyer; Boat- swains Isaac T. Choat, John I. Killin ; Gunner Eugene Mack ; Carpenter Leonard Hanscom ; Sail- makers John H. Birdsall, James W. Wingate. Marine Barracks: Major George Buttler, U.S.M.C., coin- manding marines ; Captains P. C. Pope, Israel H. Washburn ; First Lieutenant Samuel H. Gibson. Societies, etc. — Masonic. The Masonic bodies are De Witt Clinton Commandery of Knights Temp- lar, instituted 1826 ; New Hampshire Chapter of Rose Croix ; Grand Council of P. of J. ; Ineffable Grand Lodge of Perfection, No. 1; Davenport Council, No. 5, Royal and Select Masters; Washington Chapter, No. 3; St. John's Lodge, No. 1, instituted 1736; St. 1 Presented to Algiers. ^ Rebuilt. Andrewjs Lodge, No. 56; Portsmouth Rose Croix Chapter, No. 1, E. M. R. M., organized 1881 ; and Rockingham Masonic Relief Association. Odd-Fellows. — Strawberry Bank Encampment, No. 5, instituted Feb. 28, 1845 ; Mount Sinai En- campment, No. 19, instituted March 17, 1871 ; Piscat- aqua Lodge, No. 6, instituted May 24, 1844; New Hampshire Lodge, No. 17, instituted Feb. 11, 1846 ; Osgood Lodge, No. 48, instituted Aug. 27, 1868; Union Rebekah Degree Lodge, No. 3 ; and Odd- Fellows' Mutual Relief Association of Rockingham County, organized April 6, 1872. American Legion of Honor. — St. George's Council, No. 21, instituted May 23, 1879; and River- side Council, No. 441. Knights of Honor. — Sagamore Lodge, No. 258, organized March 27, 1876 ; and Governor Goodwin Lodge, No. 1661, organized June 27, 1879. Knights of Pythias. — Damon Lodge, No. 9, in- stituted Jan. 31, 1871. United Order Pilgrim Fathers, No. 15, or- ganized April 27, 1880. Patrons of Husbandry. — Portsmouth Grange, No. 22, organized March 2, 1874. Red Men. — Newichewannick Tribe, No. 4. Royal Arcanum. — Alpha Council, No. 83, insti- tuted May 1, 1878. Sovereigns of Industry. — Rockingham Coun- cil, No. 7, established 1874. Temperance. — Women'.s Temperance League ; Old Oaken Bucket Division, No. 2, S. of T. ; Pepper- ell Lodge, No. 35, 1. O. of G. T, ; Rockingham Lodge, No. 37, I. O. of G. T. ; Strawberry Bank Lodge, No. 54, I. O. of G. T. ; Portsmouth Temperance Reform Club ; Portsmouth Washington Total Abstinence So- ciety, organized June 14, 1841 ; and Portsmouth Temperance Mutual Relief Association, organized March, 1877. United Order of the Golden Cross. — Ports- mouth Commandery, No. 47, organized April 5,1879. Grand Army of the Republic. — Storer Post, No. 1, reorganized August, 1878. ' Military. — Portsmouth Veteran Artillery Asso- ciation, organized 1775; Portsmouth Cavalry; and Portsmouth Guards, N. H. V. M. Manufacturing Companies, Etc.— Eldredge Brewing Company. M. Eldredge, president; H. F. Eldredge, vice-president; M. Eldredge, treasurer; Portsmouth Aqueduct Company, incorporated 1797 ; Portsmouth Brewing Company, Arthur Harris, president; John Conlon, treasurer; D. M. Lenigan, brewer ; W. H. Palmer, selling agent; W. C. Robinson, clerk ; Portsmouth Bridge Company, incorporated 1819; capital, $64,000; Portsmouth Gas-light Company, incorporated June, 1850; capital stock, $77,000. Bow Mission, established August, 1875 ; City Missionary Society, Rev. James De Normandie, president ; John S. Rand, treasurer ; Joseph H. Fos- 100 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ter, secretary; Federal Fire Society, organized 1789 ; High School Association ; Langdon Park Association ; New Hampshire Mechanic Asso- ciation, organized Oct. 2, 1802 ; Portsmouth Athe- naeum, incorporated June, 1817. This institution is owned in a hundred shares of $100 each, the institu- tion having the right of pre-emption at half the value of the shares. Thus by the sale of shares it has a, regular income. It has a valuable library of 14,000 volumes, and a large number of newspapers and peri- odicals are also taken. Portsmouth Board of Trade ; Portsmouth Female Asylum. This institution was founded in 1804 by a few ladies, and incorporated in 1808. For several years it was well sustained, and many orphans found a comfortable home, in which was laid the foundation of their after usefulness ; but as new ob- jects presented the interest in this association declined, and the asylum was discontinued. A small perma- nent fund remained and accumulated, the income of which,v together with the annual subscription, has been devoted for the last ten or twelve years to the payment of teachers of sewing, at first in separate schools on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons, and since in connection with one of the public schools in each district. • Portsmouth Home for Indigent Women was established June, 1876, and chartered June, 1877 ; Portsmouth Howard Benevolent Society was instituted in 1829, and incorporated in 1854. The funds of the society are derived from the annual contributions of $1.00 from each member, and by private donations. Its object is to assist the un- fortunate poor, chiefly in the winter. Portsmouth Marine Society, incorporated a.d. 1808 ; Ports- mouth Mercantile Library Association; Portsmouth Musical Association ; Portsmouth Society for the P. O. 0. T. Children; Ports- mouth Young Men's Christian Association; Riverside Band, poor children's sewing mission, established January, 1878; St. Mary's Catholic Benevolent Society, founded January, 1875, by the pastor, Very Eev. Canon Walsh ; The Chase Home for Children, formerly the Children's Home ; Public Library. The Portsmouth Medical Association. — The Portsmouth Medical Association was organized April 23, 1874, with the following members : Jeremiah F. Hall, Nicholas Leavitt Folsom, Benjamin W. Curtis, Samuel C. Whittier, Daniel W. Jones, John W. Par- sons. The first officers were as follows : President, J. F. Hall; Secretary, D. W. Jones; Treasurer, N. L. Folsom ; Business Committee, S. C. Whittier, B. F. Curtis, and J. W. Parsons. The following is a list of officers from its organiza- tion to the present time : Presidents, J. F. Hall, Ben- jamin W. Curtis, N. L. Folsom, and S. C. Whittier ; Secretaries, D. W. Jones, and A. B. Sherburne ; Treasurers, N. L. Folsom, A. B. Sherburne, and N. L. Folsom. The following is a list of members who have united with the association since its organization: Brainerd Dearborn, Andrew B. Sherburne, Eli Q. Adams, John C. Stewart, Thomas A. Eogers, John W. Stimson, and John L. M. Willis. Homceopathy. — The present homoeopathic physi- cians are Drs. F. L. Benedict, H. F. Clark, and E. C. Grant. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. JOHN LANGDON, LL.D. Tobias Langdon, of Keyerel, in Cornwall, was com- missioned as ensign by King James II. and sent to New York. When he came to Piscataqua we do not know precisely, but he was living very early where his son was born. Tradition has it that his remains repose in the sequestered district, a few hundred acres of which, on the southern side of the creek Saganiore, are still in the llands of his descendants. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Sherburne, who came over with Capt. John Mason in 1632. Capt. Tobias Langdon, their son, owned the garrison-house at the head of the creek, and is buried hard by. He married Mary Hubbard, of Salisbury, in Massachusetts. John, the youngest of their seven sons, married Mary, daugh- ter of Kinsley Hall, of the Exeter combination. He has left the name of an honest yeoman ; the bringing up of his two sons, Woodbury and John, was, how- ever, taken from his hands by their ambitious mother. John Langdon, the subject of this sketch, was born in December, 1739, and was in due time sent to the school of the celebrated Maj. Samuel Hale. His memory was truly uncommon, for we have heard him spout Pope's Homer to children with great spirit when past seventy. Turning from his paternal acres to the counting-house of John Moffat, Esq., a mer- chant in Portsmouth, he so won his confidence that Mr. Moffatt in his later years intrusted to him the conduct of his affairs. He then went to sea in ves- sels of his own building. Having joined the popular party, he helped to seize, in December, 1774, the English military stores in a fort of the Piscataqua, of which the powder was used at the battle of Bunker Hill. In 1775 he was sent delegate to the Continental Congress, and again in 1776. But his name was not affixed to the Declaration of Independence, owing partly to his being sent home again to act as agent of the secret committee for building vessels of war. The " Eanger," in whicli John Paul Jones started on his dashing career, was built and fitted out by him. As an officer of volunteers he found time to go to the campaign of Saratoga; and after ofl'ering his whole fortune to promote the cause, he personally aided Gen. Stark to gain the victory at Bennington. In the dark days that succeeded the Eevolution Mr. Langdon was always in some office. He waa Eng-'by&f Psf 4 ^ A^ ^ y^ n(S!}a.!£xLS®m) ©©oowors, C'O'^'Si^^^o-Fi c r J TTV H^IifJ'S.fJlTT 1859-eO POETSMOUTH. 101 twice chosen president of his native State, and dele- gate to the convention which framed the Constitution of the United States, and to the State Convention which accepted it. He was then chosen senator of the United States. The first Congress met in New York in 1789. Senator Langdon was chosen presi- dent of the Senate for the occasion, and there being neither President nor Vice-President installed, he thus became the first acting President of tlie United States, and as such informed Gen. Washington of his election. Mr. Langdon married Miss Elizabeth Sher- burne. They had an only daughter, who became the wife of Thomas Elwyn, Esq., of Canterbury, England. After leaving Congress he was chosen Governor of the State ^ve times. Late in life he became a member of the old North Church. He lived for many years in the house built by himself and still standing on Pleasant Street, and died there September the 20th, 1819.^ HON. ICHABOD GOODWIN.^ Ichabod Goodwin, eldest son of Samuel Goodwin and Nancy Thompson Gerrish, was born in that part of Berwick which is now North Berwick, in the State of Maine. He. is descended on both father's and mother's sides from families of very great colonial importance. The great-grandfather of Mr. Goodwin, Capt. Ichabod Goodwin, is said by the writer of the genealogy of the Berwick Goodwins, in the Historical Afaijaziiie, to have been the most remarkable man who ever lived in that town. He distinguished him- self at the battle of Ticonderoga, and we learn from the London Magazine that he was especially men- tioned in Maj.-Gen. Abercrombie's report to Mr. Sec- retary Pitt. On his father's side his ancestors figured conspicu- ously in the wars before the Revolution, and up to the period of the Revelation were of the families upon whom devolved the magisterial work and honor of the times. On his mother's side he is likewise de- scended from families which for a century, and up to the time of the Revolution, performed a large share of the duties of public office, and some of the most conspicuous names in the- colonial history of Maine and New Hampshire are to be counted among his maternal ancestors. To mention the names of Champernoun, Waldron, and Elliot, none more familiar to those informed upon colonial history, is but to recall the persons from whom, on the maternal side, he is lineally descended, or with whom his maternal ancestors were closely allied by ties of family connection. The ante-Revo- lutionary importance of the people from whom he comes is well illustrated by the fact that the name of his maternal grandfather, Joseph Gerrish, stands first 1 This account is wholly taken from a pamphlet written by the late John Elwyn, Esq., of Portsmouth. 2 By Frank Goodwin, in the Granite Monthly. on the triennial catalogue of Plarvard College in the list of graduates of the year 1752, a class which num- bered a Quincy among its graduating members. The significance of this fact, as bearing upon the status of his mother's family at that time, is that the names of the members of the classes of that day are published in the triennial catalogue of Harvard in the order of the social importance of the families to which the members respectively belonged. At the time of Mr. Goodwin's birth, which was just before the beginning of the present century, the state of things which the Revolution had brought about had had ample time to crystallize. Whether it was through the great changes that under the new order of things had taken place in the political, social, and commercial affairs of the country, or whether from those inherent causes under the operation of which families conspicuous and influential in one period drop out of notice and are lost to the eye of the historian, the annalist, and perhaps even of the town chronicler, Mr. Goodwin's family, at the time of his birth, were simply plain farming people, highly respected within the limits of the little country town in which they lived, but no longer among the noted or influential or wealthy people of Maine. The coun- try had by the close of the last century taken a con- siderable stride onward in prosperity as well as in numerical growth, and the bustle and hum of indus- try pouring itself into new channels of prosperity had passed by many of the families which in the earlier era had been the foremost in developing the resources of the country, in leading the yeomanry in war, in pre- siding over the tribunals, and sitting in council as civil magistrates. Mr. Goodwin's academic education consisted of several years of study at the academy at South Ber- wick, an institution having at that time a good deal of local importance, and then as now the only school in the vicinity of his birthplace where a fitting for college can be obtained. Shortly after leaving that academy he entered the, counting-house of Samuel Lord, Esq., then a very prominent merchant and ship-owner of Portsmouth, N. H., and he became a member of Mr. Lord's family. He here displayed qualities which had been quite consjjicuous in his earlier boyhood, — those of energy and assiduity and a very marked capacity for aff'airs. These qualities, which at the early age of twelve had made him quite a competent and satisfactory manager of the farm of his widowed step-grandmother, who was the grand- mother of Mr. Lord, showed later in his conduct as a clerk in the commercial business of the then very thriving shipping port of Portsmouth. Mr. Lord, finding that Mr. Goodwin's business abilities were more comprehensive than the mere duties of a clerk required, placed him as a supercargo in charge of the business of what was then the largest ship owned in the port, the " Elizabeth Wilson." In the present days of railroads, sea-going steamers, oceanic cables, 102 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. and the commercial complement of these foreign cor- respondents or agents, it may seem a trivial sign of a young man's capacities to name the fact of his being made the business manager of a ship, especially as ships then went in regard to size ; but it is the intro- duction of these very modern appliances for conduct- ing business which has rendered the responsibility of the delegated management of this species of prop- erty comparatively easy. In the days of Mr. Good- win's early voyaging the whole discretion as to the conduct of the ship's affairs was vested in the super- cargo, except in the brief period of her being in the home port, when the owner resumed his authority and control. In foreign places, among strangers, be- yond the reach of opportunity for consultation with his owner, the young man must rely upon himself, must decide upon what voyage his ship shall go, and must be ready to account to his principal upon his return for the results of a prosperous enterprise or a disastrous adventure. It was not long before Mr. Goodwin had learned enough of seamanship to enable him to add to the duties of the supercargo the further business of navigating his ship, so that for several years he was both shipmaster and business manager, offices, then as now, rarely combined in one person ; for the shipmaster is to-day chiefly the navigator and head seaman of his ship, while the business, in- volving the chartering and the rest, is attended to by a merchant in the portof destination, who is in ready communication with the owner, both by the fast-going mail of the steamship and the quicker method of the ocean cable. Mr. Goodwin's sea life lasted for about twelve years. During that time he had been so far successful as to* become a part owner, and to be ena- bled to begin business at home. In the year 1832 he established himself as a merchant at Portsmouth. Portsmouth has been his home ever since that time, and there he for many years conducted an extensive mercantile business, his chief business interests lying in the direction of the foreign carrying trade. Upon retiring from the sea he soon manifested a large public spirit and interest, and became in a short time foremost in the affairs of the day which were of public concern. He was one of the early projectors of the railroad interests of New England, and until within a few years he has taken a large part in all the enterprises of public import in the vicinity of his home, including, besides railroads, the enterprises of manufacturing and banking, and he has been vested always with a large share of the local trusts, both public and private, which devolve upon the public- spirited and trusted citizen. He has of late years been inclined to withdraw from these responsibilities, but of those which he still retains, the presidency of the " Howard Benevolent Society," a position he has held for over thirty years, and the presidency of the " Portsmouth Bridge Company" may be mentioned. He has, however, within the last two years assumed the presidency of the " First National Bank" of Portsmouth, in which he is largely interested as a stockholder, and in whichnnstitution he has been a director from its incorporation as a State bank. He was for many years, and at different periods, a director in the " Eastern Railroad Company," and was the first president of the "Eastern Railroad in New Hamp- shire,'' which position he held for twenty-five years. He was also of the first board of direction of the "Portland, Saco andi Portsmouth Railroad Com- pany," and was the president of that corporation from the year 1847 to the year 1871 . But it is un- necessary to mention all the public trusts of a corpor- ate nature which have been confided to his care. His chief claim to public esteem, and that which will se- cure to him its most enduring recognition, is derived from his services as the first " war Governor" of New Hampshire. Upon Mr. Goodwin's settling as a business man in Portsmouth, he did not confine his energies to his pri- vate business and to corporate enterprises, but soon acquired a large interest and influence as a member of the Whig party. He served in the Legislatures of New Hampshire, as a member of that party, in the years 1888, 1843, 1844, 1850, 1854, and 1856. He was also a delegate at large from that State to the conven- tions at which Clay, Taylor, and Scott were nominated by the Whigs for the Presidency, and was a vice-pres- ident at the two first-named conventions, and be has twice served in the Constitutional Conventions of New Hampshire. He was the candidate of the Whigs for Congress at several elections before the State was di- vided into Congressional districts. New Hampshire was in those days one of the most powerful strong- holds of the Democratic party in the country, and a Whig nomination for any office determined by the suf- frages of the whole State was merely a tribute of esteem by that party to one of its most honored mem- bers. Upon the establishment of Congressional dis- tricts, Mr. Goodwin received a unanimous nomination of the Whig party for Congress at the first convention held in his district. This nomination bid fair to be followed by an election, but the circumstances of his private business prevented his acceptance of the can- didateship. In the great political convulsions which preceded the war of the Rebellion the power of the Democratic party in New Hampshire began to decl ine, while the ties which through years of almost steady defeat in the State at large had been sufficient to hold together the Whig party now came to be loosened, and out of the decadence of the former and the ex- tinction of the latter party there was built up the Re- publican party, which gained the supremacy in that State, and which has ever since, with a brief excep- tion, maintained that supremacy. Mr. Goodwin, while in full sympathy with the cause of the Union, which he believed the politicians of the South were striving to dismember, yet felt that perhaps the im- pending crisis could be arrested through the means of the old political organizations, and he remained stead- PORTSMOUTH. 103 fast to the organization of the Whig party until he saw that its usefulness, both as a State and as a national party, was gone. He was the last candidate of the Whigs for the office of Governor of New Hampshire, and received in the whole State the meagre amount of about two thousand votes. This lesson did not re- quire to be repeated. He immediately did all in his power to aid in the establishment of the Republican party in that State, for although the old-time issues be- tween the Democrats and the Whigs had gone by and new questions had arisen, involving the very integrity of the nation, he did not regard the Democratic party as one capable of solving or disposed to solve those questions in a patriotic and statesmanlike way. He was chosen the Governor of New Hampshire, as the Republican candidate, in the year 1859, and was re- elected by the same party in the following year, his second term of office having expired June 5, 1861. The military spirit of the people of New Hamp- shire had become dormant and the militia system of the State had fallen pretty much to decay long before the first election of Mr. Goodwin to the office of Gov- ernor. A slight revival of that spirit, perhaps, is marked by the organization in his honor, in January, 1860, of " The Governor's Horse-Guards," a regiment of cavalry in brilliant uniform, designed to do escort duty to the Governor, as well as by a field-muster of several voluntary organizations of troops, which went into camp at Nashua in the same year. But when the call of President Lincoln for troops was made, in the spring of 1861, the very foundation of a military sys- tem required to be established. The nucleus itself re- quired to be formed. The Legislature was not in ses- sion, and would not convene, except under a special call, until the following June. There were no funds in the treasury which could be devoted to the expense of the organization and equipment of troops, as all the available funds were needed to meet the ordinary State expenditures. The great confidence of the people of New Hampshire in the wisdom and integrity of Mr. Goodwin found in this emergency full expression. Without requiring time to convene the Legislature, so as to obtain the security of the State for the loan, the banking institutions and the citizens of the State ten- dered him the sum of 8680,000 for the purpose of en- abling him to raise and equip for the field New Hamp- shire's quota of troops. This off'er he gladly accepted, and averting delay in the proceedings by refraining from convening the Legislature, he, upon his own re- sponsibility, proceeded to organize and equip troops for the field, and in less than two months he had dispatched to the army, near Washington, two well- equipped and well-officered regiments. Of this sum of $680,000 only about $100,000 was expended. On the assembling of the Legislature that body unanimously passed the " Enabling Act," under which all his pro- ceedings as Governor were ratified, and the State made to assume the responsibility. During the period of this gubernatorial service there was a reconstruction of the bench of the highest ju- dicial tribunal of the State, and during that time nearly every position upon that court was filled by his appointment. It is sufficient to say that the ex- alted rank which that tribunal has ever held among the courts of last resort of the States of the nation suffered no diminution from his appointments to its bench, such was the good sense and discernment of Mr. Goodwin in making the different selections, although himself not versed in the law. In Waite's " History of New Hampshire in the Rebellion'' we find the following estimate of Mr. Goodwin as a public man and as a citizen and busi- ness man : " His administration of State affairs met with universal approval, and he left the office (that of Governor) with the respect of all parties. As a mem- ber of the Legislature and of the Constitutional Con- vention, he took a leading part on committees and in debate. His speeches were never made for show. He spoke only when there seemed to be occasion for it, and then always to the point, and was listened to with great respect and attention, for his conservatism and practical wisdom in all matters of public policy were well known. In all public positions he has dis- charged his duties with fidelity, industry, and marked ability. As a citizen and business man he if^ public- spirited, liberal, high-minded, and enjoys the un- bounded confidence and respect of all." Mr. Goodwin has always been noted for his kind- ness to yourtg men, aiding them without stint, both with his purse and his advice, in their business diffi- culties, and he has ever been ready to extend to all his townsmen who needed aid the assistance of his influence, his counsel, and his pecuniary means. In 1827, Mr. Goodwin ' married Miss Sarah Parker Rice, a daughter of Mr. William Rice, a wealthy and prosperous merchant of Portsmouth. Of seven chil- dren, one son and two daughters survive. JOHN LANGDON BLWYN. John Langdon Elwyn, eldest son of Thomas and Eliza Langdon Elwyn, was born at Clifton, near Bristol, England, Feb. 1, 1801. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1819, and was admitted to the bar after having studied law under the Hon. Jeremiah Mason. He began the practice of his profession in Boston, but soon renounced it and returned to his an- cestral acres to devote himself to farming pursuits and the study of the languages and literature of many na- tions. " No one could converse with him a few min- utes without being satisfied that ' he was a scholar, and a ripe and good one.' He was a true lover of 'reverend antiquity,' and he knew better than any one else the history of the Piscataqua and its fam- ilies. It was amazing to hear him talk of persons 1 Since the above was written Governor Goodwin has passed away. He died July 4, 1882. 104 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. six and seven generations distant. He seemed to have had actual personal acquaintance with them, so thoi'oughly was he informed of their actions and mo- tives, owing to long familiarity with the identical scenes through which they passed two hundred years before. As he himself says of his grandfather's mem- ory, so his own 'was truly uncommon.' His attach- ment to the home of his maternal ancestors and his fondness for its local history did not prevent his hav- ing large acquaintance with that of the discovery and colonization of America. Of the history of England and of the genealogies of its noble families his knowl- edge was extensive and accurate. It was impossible to hear him discourse on any subject without receiv- ing some information or some hint that was new and useful. He knew something of everything and every- thing of something. His noble gravity, his dignity, and his venerable appearance will not soon be for- gotten." Mr. Elwyn died in the house built by his great- uncle, and now forming a part of the Rockingham House, in Portsmouth, on Jan. 30, 1876. WILLIAM SIMES. William Simes, the honored subject of this sketch, dates his ancestry in this country to John Simes, who came to Portsmouth from England in about the year 1736. He died, leaving six children, one son and five daughters. The son, Joseph, was a promi- nent citizen, and was chairman of the Board of Select- men in 1776. He had ten children, six sons and four daughters. • The sons were as follows: John, Thomas, Mark, William, George, and Joseph. William Simes, the subject of this sketch, was the eighth child of George Simes and Nancy Hardy, and was born in Portsmouth, N. H., April 9, 1806. Early in life he manifested an unusual degree of business activity, and after serving an apprenticeship in Portsmouth and Boston, in 1827 he went to Pernam- buco. South America, where he was in business about one year. On his return to America, in October, 1828, he commenced the grocery business in his native town at No. 1 Market Square. His enterprise and straightforward dealing soon placed him in the front rank of the leading business men of Portsmouth, an honor justly deserved. This was in a day when a very large country trade came to the city, and the wholesale department of his business was a leading feature. As an illustration of his activity and alert- ness, it is related of him that when in business on Market Square, the farmers from the neighboring towns, however early in their arrival on summer mornings, would find Mr. Simes ready to take their produce in exchange for his. goods, and before the majority of his townsmen had breakfasted he had often done a no small amount of business. He continued this business, occupying the same store, until 1860, over thirty years, when he disposed of his interest to Messrs. Moulton & Blaisdell, and purchased a farm in the neighboring town of Green- land, where for a short time he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He returned to Portsmouth in 1867. He was elected mayor in 1S61, and again in 1862, declining positively a nomination for a third term. He presided over the affairs of the city during that trying period, the breaking out of the Rebellion, and assisted with the same energy that had marked his business career in raising the quota of troops to send to the defense of his imperiled country. Never was a man more conscientious and faithful in the dis- charge of a public trust. He attended all appointed meetings of the Board of Mayor and Aldermen when in town, frequently sending to remote parts of the city to secure a quorum for the transaction of import- ant business. Politically he was originally a Whig, and later a Republican. He was not, however, a partisan, and in his administration of city, affairs was guided solely by the principle that the city should be served by the best men. He was chosen one of the corporators of the old Portsmouth Savings-Bank in 1850, a trustee in 1855, and in 1869 was elected its president. He devoted himself with rare diligence to the interests of this in- stitution, and every depositor felt that his money was as carefully used and as safely kept as though he handled it himself. During the savings-bank panic of 1878 many large sums of money were left on de- posit, not because the depositors felt great security in the savings-bank system, but because Mr. Simes assured them personally that the bank was sound. They did not doubt his word, knowing full well that nothing would tempt him to misrepresent the true state of affairs. He was also a director in the Rock- ingham National Bank, and president and treasurer of the Faith Home. Like his father, and in fact nearly all his ancestry for three generations, he was an active member of the Universalist Church, and at the time of his death was warden and treasurer of the parish, and a deacon and treasurer of the church. It may be truly said that William Simes was loved and honored by his native city. In the various positions which he was called upon to fill, whether of a business, trust, or political character, he was always noted for his unswerving integrity and un- deviating honesty. Firm in his convictions of right and wrong, he never entertained a thought of com- promising his well-defined principles in any relation whatever. He was one of the most courteous and pleasant of men, and was in all respects an estimable gentleman and good citizen. He was the open hand in every time of calamity and need, the ready giver to those private charities which enlist so deeply the sympathies of true men. He gave cheerfully, as though it was God's treasure which he was permitted to disburse. He belonged to no order or association ; -L^.i!^^^^^'^' PORTSMOUTH. 105 his home and his church were his sufficient rest. A long life, growing steadily upward from deep roots of religious principle, genial and kind in its outward expression, and without a stain of doubt or dishonor, leaves to the world its precious memory, while it seeks the wider and higher services and fulfillments of the life eternal, which even here was more real to him than mortal sight. He died May 15, 1880, from the effects of a fall re- ceived the day previous. Oct. 2, 1831, Mr. Simes married Olive Bourn Laigh- ton, eldest daughter of Capt. James Laighton, of Portsmouth. She died June 9, 1871. Their family consisted of six children, three daughters and three sons. The daughters and James T. are deceased, the sole survivors of the family being Joseph S. and William, who are merchants and importers of tea in the city of Boston. JOSHUA WINSLOW PEIRCE. The late Col. Joshua Winslow Peirce was born in Portsmouth, N. H., on the 14th of May, 1791, and died in the same town on the 10th of April, 1874. Col. Peirce would have been a man of mark in any community, from his strong and manly character, his sterling integrity, and his intellectual superiority. Of striking appearance, of polished and dignified manners, he realized 'one's ideal of the gentleman of the old school, and of a type more frequently found in England than in our own country. He was descended from a family which for more than two hundred years had occupied an eminent position ; whose successive representatives had been men of high intelligence, of unblemished character, and of large possessions. Endowed with a vigorous consti- tution both in mind and body ; encompassed from his childhood with every favoring influence ; brought by the position and connections of his family into relations of familiar association with the best people of his day ; trained in the well-known academy of Exeter, and afterward in the counting-house of an eminent and successful merchant; receiving the ad- vantage, then far more rare than now, of an extended sojourn and travel in Europe, — it is but simple truth to say that he made good use of his many opportuni- ties, and from the outset of his career to its close oc- cupied and maintained a position second to none in the community in which he lived. His manhood fulfilled the promise of his youth. He lived and died respected and honored by all, and greatly be- loved by those who knew him best. No one who knew Col. Peirce could fail to be im- pressed by his strong and vigorous character. It showed itself in all he did and said. There was thoroughness and indomitable energy in all his un- dei'takings, coupled with habits of strict method and a great love of order. He was well read in the cur- rent literature of the day ; always deeply interested in the progress of the arts and the discoveries of sci- ence ; having a great liking for, and unusual skill in, mechanical pursuits. His clearness of mental vision gave strength to all his convictions ; his opinions were not hastily formed, but were tenaciously held, and, when occasion required, fearlessly expressed, whether upon social or political or religious subjects. If his prejudices were sometimes strong, they were not invincible, for he was open to argument, and can- did in weighing the reasoning of his opponents. His independence of nature made him superior to the love of popularity and to the pursuit of it, and kept him through life from accepting public place or official position. He was impatient of all that was vulgar and pretentious and merely for show ; intolerant of shuffling, prevarication, and meanness. His dislike of ostentation led him to veil, beneath a somewhat cold exterior, a generosity of character and a tenderness of feeling which were among his most striking traits, and which will be borne witness to by all who were admitted into the intimacy of his friendship. He was a sincere Christian, one of the firmest of friends, one of the most thoroughly honest and upright of men. The first of the ancestors of Col. Peirce, of whom we find mention as settled in this country, is Daniel Peirce, of Watertown, afterward of Newbury, Mass. He had two sons, — Daniel, who died in Newbury in 1704, and Joshua, who died in Woodbridge, N. J., in 1670. From the " Rambles about Portsmouth," by the late Charles W. Brewster, Esq., to whom every citi- zen of that old town is under deep obligations for the preservation of interesting facts of its local history, and from an appreciative sketch of Col. Peirce in the Boston Daily Advertiser, we learn that Daniel Peirce, the first of the name, with his son Joshua, purchased in the year 1666 a tract of land in New Jersey, cov- ering a large part of Perth Amboy. Hither he re- moved for a time, bat afterward returned to his home in Newbury, where he died in 1677. His son Joshua established himself in Woodbridge, N. J. He married Dorothy, daughter of Major Robert Pike, of Salis- bury, Mass., who, after his death, became the wife of John Knight, of Newbury. Joshua Peirce died, as has been said, in New Jersey in 1670, seven, years be- fore his father; He left behind him one child, Sarah, and subsequently to his death, in the year 1670, was born his posthumous son, Joshua. This Joshua, in or about the year 1700, after ineffectual attempts to re- cover the estate of his father in New Jersey, settled in Portsfnouth, N. H. He married Elizabeth, daugh- ter of Joseph Hall, of Greenland, N. H. From this family of Halls were descended the Marches, of Greenland, and Governor John Langdon, of Ports- mouth. By inheritance from Joseph Hall came to the Peirce family a considerable part of the noble farm in Greenland, still retained in their possession, and long the home of Col. Peirce. "The original Hall house," says Mr. Brewster, " was on the prem- 106 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ises of Col. Peirce, near the spot where the aharp- roofed cottage now stands." Joshua Pierce established himself in Portsmouth as a merchant, on the corner of Market Square and High Street. He was largely concerned in navigation, was a ship-owner, and left a good estate. He was a man of untiring industry, and "in the course of his life held the several offices of town clerk, parish clerk, proprietors of the Portsmouth commons' clerk, select- man, representative, and for many years before his death was a member of His Majesty's Council, and also recorder of deeds for the province ; all which offices he held with credit to himself and gave general satisfaction." " Most of these records are extant, and, together with many private records, especially those of births, marriages, and deaths in Portsmouth, which he kept for his own use, are valuable memorials of the times. After a life of strict integrity and varied use- fulness, he died in 1748, having been the fs^ther of four sons and five daughters." Daniel, the third son of Joshua Pierce, was born in Portsmouth in May, 1709, and was graduated from Harvard College in 1728. He married, in 1743, Anna, daughter of John Eindge, merchant, of Portsmouth, and a man of large estate, as appears from the list of 1727, where his name stands third in the number of those who paid the highest taxes, that of Joshua Peirce being the second. Daniel Peirce studied law, but never entered upon its practice. He succeeded his father as recorder of deeds for the province, holding this office until his death, and was also for several years a member of the king's council for New Hamp- shire. He is described as having been " a man of very great natural parts, as well as acquired abilities ; he had likewise a great mechanical inclination, and worked very ingeniously with his own hands." He was proverbial for his strict integrity, and died Dec. 5, 1773, leaving behind him three children, a fourth having died before him. John, the second son of Daniel Peirce, received his mercantile education in the counting-house of Daniel Rindge, then one of the prominent merchants of Ports- mouth, where he was a fellow-clerk with John Lang- don, afterward Governor of New Hampshire. At an early age he was intrusted with the charge of the business affairs of his uncle, Mark Hunking Went- worth, Esq., son of Lieutenant-Governor John W., and brother of Governor Benning W. This he retained until the war of the Revolution. He' was also charged with the important interests of the Masonian proprie- tors. He was the principal agent in constructing the Piscataqua bridge in 1794 ; was one of the origina- tors of the Portsmouth aqueduct in 1797, and was loan officer under the Presidency of the elder Adams. He established an insurance office in Portsmouth, and conducted its affairs for many years preceding his death. " Always open, honorable, and correct in his con- duct, and liberal in his charities, he enjoyed the re- spect and confidence of men of all parties." He mar- ried Mary, daughter of Peter Pearse, merchant, a native of Solcombe, near Lydemouth, Devonshire, England, who came to this country at the age of four- teen. The wife of Mr. Pearse was the daughter of the Hon. Jotham Odiorne, who died, a m,emb'er of His Majesty's Council, in 1761, and who in 1720 mar- ried a daughter of Robert Cutt, of Kittery. Mr. John Peirce was the father of six children, four sons and two daughters, and died on the 14th of June, 1814. Joshua Winsiow, the third son of John Peirce, was born on the 14th of May, 1791. He passed his child- hood under the paternal roof until 1803, when he was entered at the Phillips Academy, in Exeter, where he remained until December, 1807, taking a deep interest and bearing an active part during his pupilage in a military company made up of the stu- dents of the academy. On his removal from Exeter he was placed in the counting-house of the Hon. James Sheafe, representative and senator in the Fed- eral Congress from New Hampshire. Here he was soon promoted to the charge of the books, and to the oversight of the shipping, in which Mr. Sheafe was an owner, thus acquiring a thorough familiarity with the details of maritime and mercantile pursuits. While yet with Mr. Sheafe he became a member of "the Gilman Blues," a military company, at that time of considerable distinction, under the command of Joshua Haven. He received his commission as captain from Governor John Taylor Gilman in 1813 ; was promoted to be major of the First Regiment of State militia in 1816 ; lieutenant-colonel in 1819, and colonel in 1820. He resigned his commission in 1823. In 1818 he was elected into " the Federal Fire So- ciety" of Portsmouth, and at the time of his death was its senior member. In 1816 he made a voyage to the Mediterranean as supercargo for Mr. Sheafe, and was absent from home a year. Having disposed of the cargo he parted from the ship at Leghorn, and visited the principal countries and cities of Europe. Upon his return he continued his business and resi- dence in Portsmouth to January, 1825, when he ac- cepted an appointment as agent of the Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company, removing thither the next month and remaining till the destruction of the mill by fire in 1834. He devoted himself with his wonted energy and enthusiasm to his new pursuit, making many journeys of observation to distant places in order to study improvements iuimachinery and man- ufacture. After the burning of the mill, and while it was not yet decided whether it should be rebuilt, Col. Peirce returned to Portsmouth, and employed himself in improving the estate in Greenland. In December, 1836, he yielded to the solicitations of the company and returned to Salmon Falls, where he re- mained for nearly two years longer, during which time he superintended the erection of a new mill and the purchase of a large portion of its machinery. In August, 1838, he removed to the farm in Greenland, V ^ '^^x!--«5<^-7-Z^ , POllTSMOUTH. 107 a considerable portion ofwhioh, as has been before men- tioned, had come by inheritance from the Hall family nearly a century and a half before. This estate had been largely added to by the purchase of the Packer farm,i next adjoining it, by his father in 1809. Here Col. Peirce passed the next twenty-eight years of his life, and " here he was able to gratify his taste and in- dulge his passion for independent country life. Here he brought up his family, and dispensed those liberal and elegant hospitalities which made his house the cherished resort for a large circle of devoted friends. To see him at the head of bis table, or in his draw- ing-room, always the chief object of interest and at- traction, was to realize what is seldom witnessed in this country now, and rarely in former times except in Virginia in her colonial days. Those who have seen his large estate in Greenland and Newington, lying along the southerly shore of the Great Bay, with its broad acres of inexhaustible soil, in meadow, upland, and orchard, its quaint houses and spacious barns, its fruit and shade trees, its strong fences of wood and faced stone, its herds of pure blood stock,^ its constant aspect of skillful husbandry, need not to be told that Col. Peirce was a model farmer." * In November, 1866, he removed to his town house in Portsmouth, and resided there until his death, April 10, 1874. Col. Peirce through life was a devoted churchman. Early in the episcopate of Bishop Griswold he re- ceived confirmation from the hands of that vener- able prelate, and for nearly fifty years was a devout and constant communicant at the altar. Previous to his residence in Salmon Falls the services of the Episcopal Church had been unknown in that village. He was largely instrumental in the erection of Christ Church, and when a clergyman could not be obtained regularly officiated himself as lay-reader. While living in Greenland, though at a distance of more than four miles from his parish church of St. John's, Portsmouth, his place in the house of God was rarely vacant. He was always ready to serve the church which he so ardently loved, at whatever sacrifice of personal convenience or expenditure of labor or money. He succeeded his brother, the late Mark W. Peirce, Esq., as treasurer of the trust funds of St. John's Church, and retained the office until the in- firmities of age compelled him to relinquish it. He was many years a church warden, and a delegate to the diocesan conventionsi Thanks to his strong constitution and the perfect regularity and temperance of his life. Col. Peirce preserved until fourscore the vigor and almost the activity of youth. The last three years, however, 1 This farm was a part of the estate of Capt. Francis Champernowne as early as 1640, on which he lived, it id supposed, prior to his removal to Kittery. 2 In 1823 the short-horned Dnrham cattle was introduced upon this farm by dirpct importation, and the breed continues there to this day. 3 A. H. Hoyt, in the Boslon Daily Advertiser of April 17, 1874. were those of failing strength and increasing feeble- ness. During the more than two years of his close confinement he was attended with the most unremit- ting affection, both by night and by day, by his de- voted sons and daughters. No strange hands were allowed to minister to his necessities. Filial love watched over him to the last. His end was peace. He died firm in the faith of the church, with an humble trust in the mercy of his God through Jesus Christ our Lord. His remains were taken to St. John's Church, where he had so long worshiped, fol- lowed by his daughters, his surviving sister and brother, and a multitude of friends. They were borne thither by his sons, and after the performance of the solemn rites of the church were carried thence and laid in the family tomb in the churchyard by the same filial hands. There may they rest in peace until the day of the resurrection ! Col. Peirce was married on the 4th of May, 1823, to Emily, daughter of William Sheafe, Esq., of Ports- mouth, and Anna Wentworth, his wife. Mrs. Peirce died March 9, 1871. They had twelve children, of whom six are now living, viz. : Sarah Coffin, married William M. Kennard, Sept. 14, 1877; Ann Went- worth ; Joseph Wentworth, married Annie L. Sise, Oct. 28, 1879 ; Joseph Eindge, married Marcia Rob- inson, Oct. 26, 1859, and has children, Mark Went- worth, Emily Milnor, Anne Burroughs, Joseph Par- ish, and Elizabeth Wentworth ; William Augustus, married Mrs. Susan M. Smith, July 16, 1878, and has child, Joshua Winslow ; Robert Cutts, married Mari- anna Hackett, Nov. 14, 1877. The following are deceased : John, Peter, Emily Sheafe, May Pearse, James Sheafe, Mark Wentworth, and Daniel Rindge. DAVID KIMBALL. The venerable and honored subject of this sketch was born in Topsfleld, Mass., Feb. 26, 1799. His childhood was passed in his native town, where he attended a common school. Subsequently he was a pupil at Dummer Academy, Byfield, where he en- deavored to qualify himself for teaching school, in which honorable vocation he afterward engaged at Newbury, Mass. In 1822 he went to Portsmouth, N. H., entering the drug-store of William Norwood as a clerk. At the outset of his career, wishing earn- estly to qualify himself for what he considered a very responsible business, he went to Boston to attend a course of lectures of the medical college in chemistry and materia medica. About two years later he pur- chased Mr. Norwood's interest in the apothecary business, and from that time until 1880 devoted him- self assiduously to its duties, spending probably more hours in his store than any man living in the com- munity has devoted to any one calling. I This is a rare instance of a successful business career ! of over half a century, and during this long period 103 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. his life has been one of unblemished integrity and conscientious uprightness. He was ever honest in all transactions, — not because honesty was the best policy, but because of his sound principles, which he never for one moment compromised. He sought no means of obtaining wealth by any speculative or hasty methods, choosing rather to labor in his voca- tion with an untiring zeal and cheerful industry, hoping to deserve and maintain the confidence of the community in which he lived. His knowledge of his business, his rare and watchful interest in the young men who one after another began, grew up, and grad- uated from his store to situations in other cities, his public spirit, and his kindly traits need no mention among those who have long known him as a neigh- bor and friend. It may may be stated that there may now be seen in one of the best pharmaceutical estab- lishments in Boston four individuals who took their first lessons in the drug business in his store. Al- though now having practically retired from active business life, he still retains his oflSce as treasurer of the gas company, which position he has held since the incorporation of the company, in 1851. In politics Mr. Kimball is a conscientious Repub- lican, always endeavoring to vote for those who will best promote the public good. He was one of the first in Portsmouth to espouse the Anti-Slavery cause when such an avowal involved the possibility of loss of friends, and an almost certain loss of patronage in business. He has been a con- stant attendant on the services of the Congregational Church, and has been ever ready to promote its interests. Mr. Kimball's family on the maternal side have been distinguished for longevity. Mr. Kimball re- members seeing his great-grandmother in the year 1805, then one hundred years old. The centennial birthday of his own mother was celebrated Oct. 2, 1879. On that occasion her children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren were present. About this time a photographic group of herself and three sons was taken, they having passed their threescore »y ears and ten. She died December, 1879, retaining her facul- ties in a remarkable degree. iShe was a woman of rare good sense and sound judgment, ever forgetful of self in her earnestness to do for others. Hep hus- band died in early life, leaving one only of a family of twelve brothers and sisters, the most of whom died of consumption. David Kimball was married to Caroline K. Swett, ofNewburyport, Nov. 4, 1828. Their family consisted of three daughters and one son. The daughters" sur- vive. Although now at the advanced age of over fourscore years, he retains in a remarkable degree the vigor and elasticity of youth. PRANK JONES. Frank Jones was born in Barrington, Strafford Co., N. H., on the 15th of September, 1832. He was the son of Thomas Jones, who had inherited from his father one of the best farms in that township. The family consisted of seven children, — six sons and one daughter. Frank was the fifth son. As 'the family grew up, with the characteristic independence of New Englanders, they went out into the world to earn their own living, and by integrity, industry, and frugality to amass that competence due to every honest man which enables him to live above the whips and scorn of time and circumstances. Among the pursuits of a New Hampshire farmer in those days was that of ''lumbering, and from his earliest recollection young Frank, when not engaged on the farm, was employed in the woods, where he grew up hale and hearty, sound in mind and body. In the fall of the year it was customary for lumbermen to make charcoal of all the superfluous timber lying around on the farm, as in that condition it found a much readier sale in the neighboring cities. This is doubtless the origin of a story concerning the New Hampshire charcoal burner and the poor boy who sold his first load in Ports- mouth. The facts are these: Young Jones, in the absence of his father and elder brothers, always, even from a very early age, assumed control of affairs on the farm. The foreman, Caswell, had loaded up a four-tier wagon with charcoal to take to Portsmouth. Frank, who was then about fourteen years old, thought he would like to go there too. Accordingly, he took considerable interest in this particular load until it came to yoking up the three pair of steers which were to draw the load to Portsmouth. One pair of steers, being young, were very lively. These were Frank's favorites, and he would have them placed first in the team. To this the foreman objected, thinking they wanted the benefit of age and experience, and so pro- posed to put them behind. But no ; Master Frank would have them in front or nowhere. It was no wheelbarrow load that had to go over those New Hampshire roads to the city, and he believed the young steers would have the best heart and get there soonest. He therefore insisted upon having the young steers placed first. Caswell, the foreman, rebelled, ~ threw doi^ the goad, and told young Frank to take the load himself, which he did, starting off on a moonlight night, traveling along as best he could, until at three o'clock in the morning he arrived at Wiggins', a wayside inn about a mile from Ports- mouth, where he saw written up " accommodation for men, horses, and oxen.'' Here he halted, but could find no living soul around, so he tied up the team and composedly lay down to rest in a crib in the shed by the stable. At six o'clock Wiggins, the pro- prietor, rudely awoke the young adventurer, who, rubbing his eyes, perceived for the first time the sun rising like a golden globe out of the waters of Ports- mouth harbor. The memory of that morning will ^22^^^^^^ PORTSMOUTH. 109 never be effaced. Wiggins, after due inquiry, find- ing tlie boy to be farmer Jones' son Frank, of Bar- nngton, sent the cavalcade on its road to Portsmouth rejoicing. Arriving at the city the first customer who cast eyes upon the four-tier wagon of charcoal was Sam Coburn, who Itept the Rockingham House. He inquired as to quality and price, and finally bought the load at twelve and a half cents per bushel, sub- ject to survey. Young Frank assisted at the survey, and also the storing of the load, and afterwards par- took of a hearty meal at the Rockingham. On the site of Wiggins', where he first rested, stands liis country residence, the pride of the county, known as " Gravelly Ridge," and where he took his first meal in the city is the house he has done so much to make a credit to that city. Such was Frank Jones' first visit to the city of Portsmouth. It may be well imagined that the nar- row limits of the farm amid the hills and woods of Strafford would not long retain such a venturous and self-reliant spirit as was evinced by the boy. His elder brother was engaged in business in Portsmouth, having a considerable store on Market Street for stoves and hardware of every description. At the age of seventeen years, in spite of every inducement offered to him by his father to stay on the farm, Frank insisted on coming to Portsmouth to assist his brother. Those who recollect the methods adopted in New Hampshire during the first part of the present cen- tury by tradesmen to cultivate trade will admit that it was not the easy task it is to-day. Farmers would visit the cities very seldom ; the roads offered no inducements for them to travel for pleasure. In- habitants were sparsely scattered, farms were few and far between, and if business was to be done the goods had to be presented at the very doors, as it often took more than two or even three to make a bargain. The stoves, hardware, and tinware went around in cara- vans itinerantly, and it required a rare combination of daring, pluck, and acumen to make a success of such peripatetic stores. Young Jones was eminently successful, for in four years he had amassed sufficient capital to purchase a share in his brother's business, so at the age of twenty years we find him one of the merchant traders of Portsmouth. Shortly afterwards he purchased the entire business, which he continued alone, adding thereto, in 1857, the partnership in the Swindels brewery. In 1861 he sold out the hard- ware "business to a younger- brother and an employe in the establishment, devoting himself entirely to the brewing and malting business. At this time he lived in a two-story frame house near the brewery, content to devote his utmost energies to that he foresaw would ultimately become a great business, and his sagacity in this particular has been amply verified. The brewing business, of which the immense es- lishment now owned by Mr. Jones is the outgrowth, Was commenced by an Englishman named John Swindels in 1854. In 1858, Mr. Jones purchased an interest in this pioneer brewery, and soon after be- came sole proprietor, and has continued as such to the present time. The purchase of the old Swindels brewery ushered in an important era in the life of Mr. Jones and in the history of Portsmouth. He at once threw his whole energy into the development of this business, and the result may be briefly told. The small brewery of 1858 has expanded from year to year until at the present time it is one of the largest establishments of the kind in the land, covering an area of five acres, and has a capacity of one hundred and fifty thousand barrels of ale annually. In addi- tion to the brewery proper Mr. Jones added a large malt-house in 1863, and a still larger one in 1879. This immense establishment is the most extensive ol its kind in the United States, and is furnished with all the modern improvements known to the art. To carry on this large and rapidly-increasing business requires the services of about one hundred men, yet Mr. Jones has been from the first fully conversant with all the details of the business, including the stock purchases, sales, general management, and prac-^ tical oversight of the work. Thoroughness has been the rule in every department, and the superior quality of the production, constantly maintained, has estab- lished its reputation as the best in the market. In 1875 Mr. Jones became the leading member of a company which purchased the well-known South Boston brewery of Henry Souther & Co., under the firm-name of Jones, Johnson & Co., Hon. James W. Johnson, of Enfield, being a member of the firm. Subsequent changes have occurred, and" this establish- ment is now known as the " Bay State Brewery," and is operated by Jones, Cook & Co., Mr. Jones remain- ing at the head. The production of this establish- ment is nearly equal, both in quantity and quality, to that of the Portsmouth brewery. Mr. Jones always took the greatest interest in the affairs ot his native State and his adopted city. In the year 1868 he was chosen mayor of Portsmouth, and was again re-elected the following j'ear. His admin- istration was marked by many progressive im- provements consistent with proper economy and due consideration for the burdens imposed on the tax- payers. The salary of his office he refused to appro- priate, devoting it like a good citizen to public pur- poses. His salary for the first year he gave to the city to hold in trust, the interest to be devoted an- nually to the purchase of books for the library of the High School. The second year's salary he placed in the hands of trustees on the condition that five thousand dollars more could be raised in five years, he would then add another thousand dollars for the purpose of establishing a public library to be pre- sented to the city. He was also for two years the candidate of his party for State elector, and though failing of an election very nearly overcame the de- cided Republican majority in the district. In 1875 Mr. Jones received the Democratic nom- no HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ination for member of Congress, and defeated the Republican nominee by a plurality of three hundred and thirty-six, although at the previous election the Republicans had carried the district. He was re- nominated for the next Congress in 1877, when the Republicans made a powerful and determined eifort to secure his defeat, selecting as their candidate one who had won distinction in military as well as civil life, and had been three times elected to the same oflSce in past years ; yet so great was Mr. Jones' pop- ularity, and so well satisfied were his constituents with his services for the previous term, that his oppo- nents were unable to compass his defeat, and he was returned by a plurality of forty votes over the formi- dable candidate who had been pitted against him. At the close of his second term in Congress, al- though stroiigly importuned to be again a candidate, he positively refused, the demands of his business being such that he could not longer neglect them. In 1880, against his own emphatic protest, and with a unanimity never before equaled, he was made the candidate of his party for Governor, and although the defeat of the party was known to be inevitable, after the result of the Indiana election in October had turned the political current throughout the country in favor of the Republicans, he received not only a larger vote than had ever before been cast for a Democratic candidate, but larger than had ever before been received by the candidate of any party in a State election. In Congress Mr. Jones was a true and faithful ser- vant of the people, and was one of the most efficient committee-men in the House. Speaker Randall, in referring to Mr.- Jones, says, "He was a faithful rep- resentative, an honor to himself and the country, bringing to the discharge of his duties a business knowledge that made him very valuable as a com- mittee member.'' Every movement looking to the welfare of his adopted city has received his earnest support. He has been president of the Dover and Portsmouth Railroad since its incorporation, the building of which was mainly due to his energy and persistency. He was a director in the Eastern Railroad, and is now a director in the Wolfboro' Railroad, of which he was one of the projectors. He was also a director in the Portsmouth Trust and Guarantee Company. It will be perceived from the foregoing personal sketch that the Hon. Frank Jones, in all his success- ful business career, has never for one moment for- gotten his duties to his fellow-men, nor the claims his native State and adopted city have upon him ; he has done all in his power to promote the welfare and obtain the good will of all men, and most strenu- ously labored for the health, wealth, and prosperity of the good old city of Portsmouth and neighbor- hood. An elegant structure of red brick and white marble, standing on State Street, in Portsmouth, the property of the Hon. Frank Jones, deserves some attention, being, as it is, associated with some of the most notable events and men celebrated in New Hamp- shire history. It is on the site^of the original Rockingham House, formerly the residence of the Hon. Woodbury Ld,ng- don, judge of the Supreme Court, and brother of Governor Langdon, born in 1739. He was also noted for his commercial success and his firm patriotism. When the first great fire in Portsmouth broke out in the year 1781, this house with many public buildings and several hundreds of other houses was consumed. It was rebuilt on the same spot in 1786, and in 1830 it was purchased by a joint-stock company, and con- verted into a house of public entertainment. In 1870 it was enlarged and remodeled by Mr. Jones, and is now one of the best appointed and most regal hotels in New England. Very many of the leading people who visit New Hampshire make this house their summer home, while in winter under its hospitable roof is gathered a goodly company of strangers, officers of the navy and their families, and persons visiting Portsmouth for business or pleasure. The house is delightfully located, and commends itself to the summer tourist. The " Wentworth," another palatial hotel, located in New Castle, is also owned by Mr. Jones. (See history of New Castle.) Sept. 15, 1861, Mr. Jones united in marriage with Martha Sophia Leavitt, the widow of his brother, Hiram Jones, who died in July, 1859, leaving one child, Emma I., now the wife of Col. Charles A. Sinclair. Frank Jones' life has been one of steady and active devotion to business, and his success is the natural result of his ability to examine and readily compre- hend any subject presented to him, power to decide promptly, and courage to act with vigor and persist- ency in accordance with his convictions. Being of a social and genial nature, he has hosts of warm personal friends, and no man is held in higher esteem by the people at large, regardless of party or condition. No man has contributed more to advance the material prosperity and the general welfare of the city of Portsmouth than Hon. Frank Jones. JOHN HORACE KENT. John Kent, the great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was of English origin, and went to Dur- ham, in Stratford County, from Cape Ann (probably Gloucester), and was the father of two children, Nancy and John. He died while the latter was an infant. John grew up, and married Temperance Lapish, daughter of Capt. Robert Lapish, of Durham for- merly of Great Island, now New Castle. Capt. Lapish was a ship-builder and owner, sending a ^•'£1, _-ia:.2feti:W -IC€ PORTSMOUTH. Ill number of vessels to sea on his own responsibility. Notwithstanding the fact that he was the father of ten children, not a representative of his name is in existence. He was of Irish or Scotch extraction. Nancy married Maj. William Cutts, of Kittery, whose son William died at Exeter in 1880. John Kent and Temperance Lapish had five chil- dren, — Mehitable, Temperance, Nancy, John, and Kinsman, — of whom only one is living at this day, Nancy. These children were all born at Rochester, Strafford Co., N. H. Nancy has buried two hus- bands, — the first, Nathaniel Hobbs, of North Ber- wick, Me. By him she had a son, Nathaniel, who is now judge of probate of York County, Me., with whom she makes her home at North Berwick. Her second husband was Dr. Daniel Hodsdon, of the same town. She is now eighty-four years of age and in most excellent health. John, the grandfather of John Horace, moved from Rochester to South Berwick, Me., and thence to Somersworth, N. H. While making the passage from Portsmouth to South Berwick, in the year 1816, the packet was capsized in a squall near " Boiling Rock," and, though an expert swimmer, his heavy clothing was such a hindrance to his efforts that he was drowned, at the age of forty-five. John Kent, his son, and brother to Nancy, and father of the present John Horace Kent, of whom we write, was born at Rochester in October, 1799. He attended the South Berwick Academy, and came to Portsmouth, and was clerk for Joseph Wiggin at the age of fifteen. He removed to Barnstead (then in Strafford County, but now in Belknap) in 1823, and engaged in business there in his own name. In 1827 he married Ruhamah Dearborn, of Portsmouth, the daughter of Asa and Ruhamah Choate Dearborn. Asa was born in Kensington, Rockingham Co., in August, 1771, and was the son of Jeremiah Dear- born, who was the son of Nathaniel Dearborn, who was the son of Samuel Dearborn, who was the son of Henry, whose father, Godfrey Dearborn, came from England. The father of Ruhamah Choate came from Salis- bury, Mass., and was a relative to Rufus Choate. John Horace Kent was born in Barnstead, Oct. 10, 1828, and was an only child. He attended the dis- trict school, Pittsfleld and Strafford Academies, and the high school at Portsmouth (John True Tasker, of Barnstead, being principal of the latter). On the 23d of September, 1843, his father died, and young Kent went to New Bedford, Mass., and attended the high school in that city, boarding with Rev. Moses Howe (who married his mother's sister), formerly of Portsmouth. In 1845 he went to New York City, where he re- mained two years in a wholesale establishment. At the expiration of this time he went to Western Penn- sylvania and engaged in the steam tannery business with his uncle, Daniel G. Dearborn. In 1849, when the " gold fever" broke out, he disposed of his interest in the business to bis partner, and wended his way to California via the Isthmus of Panama, leaving New York on the steamer " Crescent City." Arriving at Panamp,, he with thousands of others were obliged to wait for transportation on the Pacific side. Intent upon doing something, he found a Boston printer named Esterbrook, whom he employed, and obtaining type at the Spanish newspaper office, established and started a paper called the Panama Star, a successful property for many years, and for aught we know to the present day. From here he took passage in the steamer " Senator," arriving at San Francisco in Oc- tober, 1849, at the age of twenty-one years. While a resident of California, Mr. Kent made several trips to the Atlantic States, on one of which, in December, 1852, he was married to Miss Adeline Penniman, youngest daughter of Bethuel and Sophia Penniman, of New Bedford, Mass., who returned to the " Golden State" with her husband. Mr. Kent's maiden vote was cast in California in No- vember, 1849, when the Constitution for the new State was submitted to the people for adoption or otherwise. The Constitution prohibited slavery, and his first bal- lot was cast for the code as submitted, this action being in thorough accord with the general .sentiment of the "'49ers," the immigration from the Northern, Western, and New England States predominating. Mr. Kent was a member of the Society of California Pioneers, to which any person arriving in California prior to January, 1850, was eligible to membership. He was at one time a director of said society. He was also a member of the first " Committee of Vigilance," organized in June, 1851, who executed John Jenkins, an ex-convict from Sydney, who was caught in a boat while trying to get away with a small safe he had obtained by burglary from a store on Long Wharf. He was caught about ten o'clock in the evening, June 10th, and immediately tried by the committee at its rooms. The evidence being conclu- sive, a verdict of guilty, and sentence of death pro- nounced. This was immediately announced to the multitude waiting outside, who heartily approved the finding, and at two o'clock in the morning Jenkins was hanged to a beam of the public building in Ports- mouth Square, San Francisco. They made ho secret that they had violated the law and were leagued together to violate it in the future, but sincerely avowing that they were faithful servants of the cause of justice, for whose sake they assumed very severe per- sonal responsibilities. They soon found more work to do, and hung James Stuart, a professional murderer and robber, who confessed to a multitude of capital crimes, and who asked for a chew of tobacco as the noose was being placed around his neck. Samuel Whittaker and Robert McKenzie, two des- peradoes, were taken from jail and hanged by the committee on Sunday, Aug. 24, 1851. This was the last public act of this committee other than ordering iVZ HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY", NEW HAMPSHIRE. many professional criminals from the State. It never formally disbanded, though ceasing to hold meet- ings until May, 1856, at the killing of James King, editor of the San Francisco Bulletin, by James P. Casey. Many of the old members were solicited to become leaders in a new organization, there being a demand for another vigilance Committee. This was a swift organization, which in a few days took Casey and Charles Cora, a noted gambler, who murdered U. S. Marshal Kichardson, from jail, tried, convicted, and executed them. They also executed two others, Hetherington and Brace. " Yankee" Sul- livan committed suicide in the committee's rooms while awaiting their action. Mr. Kent, being coroner at this time, was not a member of this last committee, but, in his official capacity, held the inquests on the bodies of those above named. He says the committee made no dangerous use of their power. In politics in California Mr. Kent belonged to the "Northern faction" of the Democratic party, known as the " Mudsills," and in hostility to the " Southern faction," known as the " Chivalry." At the head of the former was Hon. David C. Broderick, and of the latter Hon. William M. Given. Broderick was elected United States senator in 1856, and took sides with Stephen A. Douglas in the matter of " popular sover- eignty," thereby making the slave party in California, who had long been his bitter opponent, stronger in their animosity and opposition, and also incurring the ill will of President Buchanan, who claimed that the laws of the United States carried slavery into the Territories, and that it could not be excluded after the Territory had been admitted to the Union as a State. Growing out of this, Broderick was twice chal- lenged to a duel, first by D. W. Perley, and again by Judge David S. Terry, of the Supreme Court, and on meeting the latter met his death. The wound was mortal, and he -lingered only a few days, saying on his death-bed, " They have killed me because I was opposed to the retention of slavery and a corrupt administration," referring to Buchanan's. Mr. Kent was secretary of the Broderick wing of the Democratic City Committee of San Francisco. We quote from the San Francisco News-Letter of Oct. 20, 1857, referring to Mr. Kent's retirement from the office of coroner: ^'Coroner Kent has fulfilled the duties of his office faithfully, conscientiously, and honestly, and it must be a source of consolation and sweet reflection for him in years to come to know that his fellow-citizens have said upon his retiring from office, ' Well done, thou good and faithful ser- vant.' " After leaving the coroner's office, and prior to his return to the Atlantic States in 1860, Mr. Kent had been connected with the press of San Francisco, and went to British Columbia during the "Fraser River" mining excitement as special correspondent; and as the telegraph made rapid strides over the Southern Overland Mail Eoute, he accompanied the builders thereof as the correspondent of several San Fran- cisco papers, interrupting the stages on the plains, and making up the news from the Atlantic papers, and sending the same to San Francisco by wire. Mr. Kent returned from California to the Atlantic States permanently in 1860, making the journey home in a stage via the Overland Eoute, through Lower California, Arizona, Cherokee Nation, Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri, thence to New York by rail, his family — wife and one son, born in San Fran- cisco — having returned by steamer via Panama. He left his oldest child, John Horace, Jr., a son born at New Bedford, in the grave at San Francisco. In 1862, when the Southern army was making the raid on McClellan, with the cry of " On to Washing- ton!" Mr. Kent was at Prince Edward's Island; and at that time the people of the provinces espoused vigorously the Southern pause, while Kent as reso- lutely stood up fof the North, and while in a heated discussion resolved to return to the States and volun- teer his services. On his arrival at Boston he en- listed in a Massachusetts regiment, and leaving his family in New Bedford, proceeded to the Department of North Carolina, and thence to the Army of the Potomac. In the fall of 1863 he was mustered out of service, and appointed a special agent of the Provost-Marshal Department for the District of New Hampshire upon the establishment of that service of the government, remaining therein until its abolition. After his service in the army Mr. Kent became a warm and active Republican, and after the close of the Provost-Marshal Department he was appointed to a clerkship in the navy-yard at Portsmouth. In 1867 he was elected city marshal of Portsmouth, and while serving in such capacity was appointed to a position in the "Secret Service of the Treasury De- partment," and in 1871 was again elected city marshal of Portsmouth. In the fall of 1872 he was made special officer and claim agent of the Eastern Railroad, and in 1873 was appointed a special inspector of customs for the Dis- trict of New Hampshire, under Collector Howard, and in the fall of 1874 the head of the Secret Service at Washington telegraphed Mr. Kent to meet him at Boston, and tendered him the position of chief of the New England Division (comprised of all the New England States) of that force, which was accepted, and Mr. Kent established his headquarters at Boston. He was a member of the Portsmouth delegation in the New Hampshire Legislature in 1873 and 1874, representing his city in the House. Upon the election of Hon. P. C. Cheney as Governor of New Hamp- shire, he appointed Mr. Kent upon his personal staff with the rank of colonel, and in July, 1876, while on government business pertaining to the Secret Service at Bangor, he received a telegram that the Governor and Council had appointed him sheriff of Rocking- ham County for five years. The next Legislature ^*.,J_^-,-, ■l^,^S.^>j..vsj.,! ■ ^ ^^^ 'COZ^^^ PORTSMOUTH. 113 changed the law, and the office of sheriff was made elective, and Col. Kent, for he may now be so classed, received the first nomination for sheriff of Eocking- ham County at the hands of his party, and was elected by a handsome majority. He can proudly point to a repetition of these honors in 1880. He is also a dep- uty United States marshal under Gen. Patterson, and does a large independent business in the way of investigating fraud and crime and bringing public and private offenders to justice. Col. Kent is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to St. Andrew's Lodge, F. and A. M., Washington Chapter, Davenport Council, and De Witt Clinton Commandery Knights Templar. He is also a member of Osgood Lodge of I. O. of O. F., Sagamon Lodge, Knights of Honor, Washington Temperance Association, of which he has twice been chosen president. The above are all local institu- tions of Portsmouth. In addition to the above he is a member of Trimount Temple of Honor of Boston, New England Reformed Men's As.sociation, and New Hampshire State Temperance Association, and he has served as president of the two last named. Since joining the Eepublican party he has been an active politician, is a member of the Kepublican County Committee, and one of the Executive Com- mittee of the Republican State Central Committee. Col. Kent's first connection with the United States Secret Service brought him into prominence with the leading men of business and influence throughout the Union. His services were in constant demand in the principal cities of the country, and he soon came to have a very large circle of acquaintances throughout the United States. Possessing a social nature and having a large, open heart, he was gradually led into the habit of using intoxicating liquors to excess, and the " hotel life'' that he was obliged to lead only served to increase the evil. His steps downward were rapid, and his many friends began to despair of a reform, though some of them never ceased their efforts in his behalf At last Col. Kent seemed himself to realize his con- dition in a measure, and readily consented to try the experiment of a sojourn at the Washingtonian Home in Boston, which has accomplished so much for so many victims of strong drink. This experiment, to the great joy of his friends, proved his salvation, and from that time until now, with a will and force of character which has been the admiration of all who know his history or have heard his story, he has t-e- sisted that appetite which was so nearly his ruin. He soon after reorganized the Washingtonian Total Abstinence Society of Portsmouth, and became its president, and in the winter of 1872 inaugurated a series of temperance meetings. Here as well as else- where his labors were rewarded with marked success, and his eloquent recital of his own terrible experi- ence and his pathetic appeals to the victims of in- temperance in the many places where he has spoken upon this subject have had a marked effect in check- ing the evil. His efforts may justly be credited with, having in- augurated the great temperance reform movement that swept through this State. Col. Kent has never abated his zeal in the cause of temperance, and never ceased to lend his purse and a helping hand to all whom he has found struggling against the demon that cursed the best years of his life. He was actively interested in the Portsmouth Temperance Reform Club during its period of useful- ness, and was of great service to it; but in May, 1879, being unable to approve its course in the introduction of to him dubious methods of promoting temperance, in company with others he withdrew from the club, and his public work in this direction ceased. In his private life, however, boiih by his daily example and his friendly aid and advice, he is constantly reclaim- ing the fallen and starting them anew in the right path. This sketch, so far as bearing upon the temperance life of Mr. Kent and the causes that led to its adop- tion, would be very incomplete without some allusion to the helpmeet of the subject. Mrs. Kent has shown the love and devotion of a true wife in its noblest con- ception, and it is not an easy task to credit her with the praise she deserves. With a trust in God and a never-erring trust and confidence in her husband, she bore up under the sorrow and affliction that must come hand in hand with the cup. Appeals of love seemed slighted, yet she swerved not a line in the happy duty of reclaiming her husband. And now in these after-years, though late, comes the sweet conso- lation and satisfaction, bringing with them the perfect joy and happiness she sought. Mr. Kent has an only child, Horace Penninian Kent, who at present holds a position under the United States government at Boston, whose clear head and skillful abilities already developed bid fair to place him in prominent ranks wherever he may cast his lot. Col. Kent is a brave, true, and honest man, of much intellectual force, great sagacity, energy, and jiefsist- ency, exceptional fidelity to friends and principles, and of aims high and worthy in every respect, a true philanthropist, and generous to a fault. He has done much good service for his city, county, and State, and won victories which attest more than usual strength of character. MAECBLLUS BLDRED6E. Marcellus Eldredge, one of the successful business men and leading brewers of New England, was born in Chatham, Mass., Nov. 24, 1838. His boyhood was passed in his native town, sharing the advantages of the schools of those days. In 1852 he came to Ports- mouth with his father, the late Heman Eldredge, who conducted a mercantile business in corn and flour, and entered the store as clerk. 114 HISTOEY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIKE. In 1858 Mr. Fisher and Heman Eldredge formed a copartnership for the brewing of ale under the firm- name of M. Fisher & Co., and Marcellus Eldredge was given the position of clerk. His native energy here manifested itself in a remarkable degree. He took an active interest in the development of the enterprise, and a few years later found him the active manager of an industry the growth of which had been almost phenomenal. The firm of M. Fisher & Co. continued until 1870, when Fisher's interest was purchased, the firm then becoming H. Eldredge & Son, by whom the business was continued until 1875, when it was organized as a stock company, Marcellus Eldredge being chosen president and treasurer: Illus- trative of the rapid growth of this business, it is stated that from a small brewing of twenty-eight barrels, the first made by M. Fisher & Co., it has increased from time to time until the present establishment has a capacity of three hundred barrels per day of ale and lager. Mr. Eldredge, although manifesting a lively interest in his adopted city and the public welfare generally, has uniformly declined various overtures to ofiicial position, the only exception being in 1877, when he was chosen senator from this a Republican district. He is Democratic in politics, but enjoys the respect of all parties. ALFRED WOODWARD HAVEN. There is no prouder or more enduring personal record than the story of a self reliant, manly, and successful career. It declares that the individual has not only understood his duty and mission, but ful- filled them. The following biography is highly sug- gestive of these facts. Alfred Woodward Haven was born in Portsmouth, March 14, 1801, and is a worthy representative of one of the oldest and most honored families of this old commonwealth. He is a son of Johd Haven, and grandson of the Rev. Samuel Haven, D.D., both of whom were prominent and influential citizens. JMr. Haven was educated for the legal profession, and in 1825 was admitted to the bar. He retired from the active practice of law in 1834, since which time he has been largely engaged in attending to real es- tate interests, both for himself and others. He has ever manifested a lively interest in the wel- fare of his native city, and all measures tending to advance the material and religious interests have found in him an earnest supporter. , He was an early advocate of the Concord and Portsmouth Railroad, and was president of that corporation from 1847 to 1857, and upon the reorganization of the road in 1859 he was again elected its president, and ofiiciated in that capacity one year. He has also been a director in the Rockingham Bank. Although not an active poli- tician, he has ever taken a deep interest in public aflairs, and for four years was chosen by his fellow- citizens to represent the city in the Legislature. He was a member in 1864^65, 1867-68, and discharged his duties with credit to, himself and to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. Mr. Haven has been twice married, — first. May 11, 1827, to Louisa Sheafe, daughter of James Sheafe, Esq., by whom he had one child. Mrs. Haven died Jan. 31, 1828. Aug. 8, 1832, he united in marriage with Margaret Houston, daughter of John Houston, of Exeter, and their family has consisted of six chil- dren, four of whom survive. CHARLES WARREN BREWSTER. Charles Warren Brewster was born in Portsmouth, N. H., Sept. 13, 1802, and died Aug. 4, 1868. He was the son of Samuel and Mary (Ham) Brewster, and a descendant of Elder William Brewster, of Pilgrim no- toriety. The following extracts from a biographical sketch prepared by Hon. William H. Y. Hackett for the second series of " Rambles about Portsmouth" com- prehend the life and character of the subject of this sketch. Having completed his school education, in his six- teenth year, on the 16th day of February, 1818, he began to learn the business of a printer in the oiSce of the Portsmouth Oracle, then published by Charles Turell, and his connection with that paper continued from that day until his death, — a period of more than half a century. When the name of the paper was changed in 1823 to The Portsmouth Journal, it was edited by Mr. Nathaniel A. Haven, Jr., a gentleman of extraordinary literary taste and ability. During his apprenticeship Mr. Brewster wrote more frequently for other papers than for that with which he was con- nected. He took pains with his articles, regarding the exercise as a preparation for the position of an editor. He put most of Mr. Haven's editorial articles into type, and had an admiration for his style as a writer, and a veneration for his character as a man, traces of which were seen in his subsequent writings and life. In July, 1825, Mr. Brewster and Tobias H. Miller assumed the joint proprietorship of the Portsmouth Journal. This connection was maintained for about ten years, when, in 1835, he became sole proprietor and editor. In 1853 he associated with him his son, Lewis W. Brewster, in these positions, who upon his father's death became sole proprietor. Mr. Brewster married, May 13, 1828, Mary Gilnian, daughter of Ward and Hannah Gilman. They had nine children. His wife and four of their children, Lewis W., Charles G., Mary G., and Helen A. G., survived him. At about the time of his marriage he became a member of the North (Congregational) Church, a position which he adorned through the re- mainder of his life. To the Journal he gave his thoughts, his labors, and his talents. The forty-three volumes of that paper, ^--hj^ljlj A-FLK'.'i' '•■'-■' ^ ^^^yyya^^^^^ PORTSMOUTH. 115 commencing in 1825 and ending in 1868, are at once the record of his industry, the illustration of his taste, the photograph of his character, his real biog- raphy. During the whole of that period he was the principal writer, and every volume, every number, shows his taste as a printer, his ability as a writer, and his discriminating judgment in making selections. It has been well remarked that the success of an editor depends quite as much on what he keeps out of his columns as what he puts into them. It would be difficult to find a newspaper more free from every- thing offensive to good taste. He aimed to make, and he did make, his Journal a good and valued family paper. Although it was always decided in its polit- ical principles, yet it supported them in a manner so free from bitterness, and was in other respects so ju- diciously managed, that it went into many families in which there was no sympathy with its politics. Although his paper was the organ in this part of the State of the party to which he belonged, and al- though he gave to his party a firm and uniform support, yet he found more satisfaction in getting up the mis- cellaneous than the political part of his paper. I have, says his biographer, called upon him more than once in the midst of an exciting political campaign, and found him absorbed in writing a " Ramble," or delighted with an ancient manuscript, or some scrap of history or biography. Mr. Brewster did not regard his paper only or chiefly as a means of making an income, but he viewed it as an instrument through which he was to perform important social duties. He felt as much re- sponsible for the influence that his Journal exerted upon the community as for his personal example in his family or upon his employes. And he used every available means to make his influence felt for good. He thought not only the tone of his paper should be pure, but he believed that a correct style in arranging the matter, and beauty in the printing, aided in improving the taste and elevating the morals of his readers. He not only made the duties, toils, and routine of life minister to the formation of his own high character, but he also made them the me- dium of a healthful and beneficent influence upon others. The publication of a weekly newspaper for a half- century tends to form habits of regularity and rou- tine. In him the tendency to regularity pre-existed ; his occupation merely developed and established it. The idea that he could be away from his newspaper appeared not to have occurred to him. It would be safe to say that in forty-three years he was not absent from his office on Friday at the making up of his paper more than a dozen times. He allowed himself no relaxation. He did not seem to desire any. He found his pleasure in his toil, his relaxation in his duty, and hia happiness in his home. He did not carry the cares of business or the unfinished labors of the day to the fireside. Like most editors, he worked most easily and freely at his ofiice-desk. He was as regular in attending church on Sunday as he was in publishing his paper on Saturday. Although not averse to improvements, his tendency was to ad- here to old habits, old principles, old friends, old books, and old ways of making money. For more than forty years he occupied the same office and the same dwelling-house. To the benevolent organizations he gave his sym- pathy and cordial and liberal co-operation. For more than half his lifetime he was the secretary of the Howard Benevolent Society, one of the best charitable organizations in the city, and for many years treas- urer of the Portsmouth Bible Society. He was for some time superintendent of the Sunday-school con- nected with the North Church. The '" Eambles about Portsmouth" were a labor of love, and, while indicating the direction of his read- ing, they afford a fair and favorable specimen of his style and taste. Plain Anglo-Saxon language flowed naturally from his pen. He commanded an easy and direct mode of expression, which formed an excellent narrative style. A pleasing story or a bit of romance always attracted him. He rescued it from the past, and lent it fresh charms by the simple, graceful mould in which he cast it. It is worthy of marked com- mendation, however, that he avoided the temptation of giving credence to pure fiction. Whatever was of doubtful origin never gained currency from him with- out being stamped as such. There was the quaint humor of the chronicler, the fidelity of the historian. His labor in obtaining biographical facts, anecdotes, and incidents, as materials for history, was such as no man would perform unless his heart were in his work. These articles were originally prepared for and pub- lished in his paper, and were compiled, through many years, from all accessible sources, manuscripts, letters, family records, city records, old newspapers, old deeds, wills, tombstones, and the recollections of aged people who have passed away. He was a long time in col- lecting the materials — some parts of a " Ramble" would be prepared years before a fact or incident necessary to complete it was obtained. He compared the statement of one aged person with that of another, and, when to be found, consulted contemporaneous accounts and incidents as well as collateral facts. From these and other sources he obtained merely the elements, — the data and crude material from which he worked. But as piled up on his desk, stowed away in drawers, or bound up for future use, they no more resembled a "Ramble," as the reader now sees it, than the paper-maker's uncleansed rags resembled the fair sheet upon which it is printed. Those unac- quainted with like undertakings can form no adequate idea of the labor, patience, and perseverence neces- sary to prosecute such a work, of the interruptions and delays which attend it, the research and dis- crimination requisite to discover and reproduce a trait of character, a telling anecdote or incident, or to con- 116 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. firm or confute a tradition. In all this the family and friends of Mr. Brewster saw him often employed for years. But much of the inward work, which was from time to time, amidst the cares and toils of life, mould- ing the matter thus elaborated into narratives so life- like, so attractive, so genial as often to remind one of the writings of Washington Irving, gave no out- ward token of its process. The structure of these narratives, which is the blending of history, biogra- phy, and romantic incidents, and constitutes the great merit and attractiveness of both volumes of the " Eambles," was in preparation while the writer ap- peared to others to be doing something else or noth- ing, — walking the street, making up his paper, or sitting by the fireside. Mr. Brewster was a man of marked ability, untiring industry, and high-toned character, but of difiident and retiring habits. He was called, literally called, to fill several positions of trust. At the time of his death he was one of the trustees of the Portsmouth Savings-Bank. He served for two years as president of the Mechanics' and Manufacturers' Association. He was for thirty-four years secretary of the Howard Benevolent Society, was for several years in one or the other branch of the city government, was represen- tative in the State Legislature in 1846-47, and in 1850, with Governor Goodwin and Ichabod Bartlett, was a delegate from his ward to the convention to amend the State Constitution. He declined being candi- date for other positions, among them that of mayor. In these and the other positions which he filled he discharged his duties with diligence and ability and to general acceptance. He occasionally delivered addresses before the Lyceum, the association of which he was president, and other public bodies both at home and abroad. These addresses were always heard with pleasure, and were marked by good taste and sound thought. He was not only a good writer, as his forty-three volumes of the Portsmouth Journal and his two vol- umes of " Rambles" will abundantly show, but he was an historian, a lecturer, a biographer, and a poet. His favorite reading was biography and poetry. He was very discriminating and just in his biographical sketches of prominent men and of his townsmen. He had considerable poetic ability, which he exer- cised too rarely, occupying a prominent position in, the "Poets of Portsmouth." It was formerly the custom among the publishers of newspapers to circulate in or with the number of the paper issued on the 1st of January in each year a poetical address to their patrons, called the " carriers' address.'' Many years ago, and while the late Isaac Hill published the New Hampshire Patriot, he offered a set of Sir Walter Scott's "Poetical Works'' for the best " carriers' address" for the then approaching 1st of January. Mr. Brewster, with several others, com- peted for this prize. Among the many addresses ofiered was one to which Mr. Hill, himself a poet, gave the decided preference, and it was the same to which the committee afterwards awarded the prize. Mr. Hill, supposing the successful address to have been the production of a lady, remarked that this cir- cumstance would somewhat moderate the disappoint- ment of the unsuccessful competitors. When the award was made and the opening of the envelope revealed Mr. Brewster as the writer, Mr. Hill was quite as muth disappointed as any of the authors of the "rejected addresses." He was not more sur- prised to find that the prize was not to be given to a lady than that it was to be given to an editor and a political opponent. The reader will see that he judged much better of the merits than of the source of the successful address. The prize was duly for- warded, and is now a cherished treasure in the library of the family of Mr. Brewster. The successful address was the " History of News — Birth of the Press.'' From necessity and practice, Mr. Brewster early acquired the habit of writing rapidly. He also had the power of abstraction, and the current of his thoughts and the preparation of his editorial matter were not disturbed or impeded by the clatter of a printing-office. He wrote as he lived, from the light within. Sedate and retiring as he was, he had a fund of humor and wit which he sought rather to repress than exhibit, but which at times enlivened his friends and his paper. His habits and tastes made him averse to news- paper controversy. What editor in the country of his extended experience has so generally avoided it? When .forced into it, however, he was quick to "make the opposer beware" of whom he had attacked. His criticisms were pungent, his wit not seldom caustic. He undoubtedly possessed great powers of sarcasm. That they were used so sparingly, and never by way of display, but invariably in defense of what he was convinced was the right, or in exposing error and deceit, is characteristic of the man. Mr. Brewster, like many of our prominent and able men, was educated in a printing-office and at the editor's desk. There is something in the constant and powerful pressure upon an American editor, obliging him to record and comment upon the events as they occur, and to discuss those principles which are growing and ripening in the public mind, and bringing him daily to a searching examination of the moral, social, economical, and political problems which crowd and succeed each other with such rapid succession, that tends to quicken his powers and con- centrate his energies, to give a decisive and practical cast to his character, and to force him into promi- nence and success. This pressure developed Mr. Brewster. He was naturally retiring, unwilling to be before the public. His position compelled him to write, and he was found in this, as well as in all other positions in which he was placed, equal to the demands made upon him. ATKINSON. 117 This discipline made him a good and able writer and author and a successful business man, and gave him the tastes and habits of a scholar, a wide influence, and a high position. The life of an editor makes some persons aggressive and irritable, but Mr. Brew- ster yielded to no such influence. He never alienated a friend or made an enemy. He early formed a plan of life, and faithfully acted upon it to the end. He was more anxious to be right than to be thought so, more intent upon doing his duty than in obtaining a reward for it, thought more of publishing a good than a profitable paper, more of being a useful than a prominent man, and at his death the universal feeling of respect for his memory was his best eulogy. But the great, rounded, and ripened feature in Mr. Brewster's character, that which as years passed over him in his quiet walk of labor and usefulness, gained, deepened, and fixed the public confidence and respect, was his integrity and purity. He was a remarkable man, not only for his industry and ability, his purity and snccess, but for Jjis self-culture and wise self-con- trol. His life was harmonious and symmetrical. His impulses were so under subjection that he appeared not so much to resist temptations as to avoid them. He was so diligent in the line of duty that he had as little opportunity as inclination to depart from it. Such a life, sweetening and cementing the domestic and social relations, was as full of happiness as of beauty. He died as calmly and serenely as he had lived, in the enjoyment of the affectionate respect of his townsmen and of the public. CHAPTEE XVI. ATKINSON. Early Hiatoi-y — Ecclesiastical History — Educational — Atkinson Acad- emy — Individuals who have entered Learned Professions. Atkixsos" is situated in latitude 42° 5V, longitude 71° 8', and is about four miles in length and three in breadth, containing six thousand eight hundred acres, and is bounded north by Hampstead, east by Plaistow, south by Haverhill, Mass., and west by Salem and Derry. It is thirty-six miles from Con- cord and thirty-six miles from Boston, on the Boston and Maine Railroad. It originally was a part of Haverhill, which was settled in 1640. It comprises a portion of the terri- tory conveyed to the inhabitants of Pentucket (now Haverhill) by the Indians Passaquo and Saggahew, with the consent of their chief Passaconnaway, by their deed now in existence, dated Nov. 15, 1642. No settlement was made till eighty-five years later, when, in 1727 or '28, Benjamin Richards, of Roches- ter, N. H., Nathaniel, Jonathan, and Edmund Page and John Dow, from Haverhill, moved into the present limits of the town. When the dividing line between New Hampshire and Massachusetts was settled, Atkinson, then a part of Plaistow, was assigned to New Hampshire. Plaistow was incorporated Feb. 28, 1749. Atkinson was separated from Plaistow Aug. 31, 1767, and incor- porated by the Legislature September 3d of the same year. The increase of population from the first settlement of the town was rapid, and in 1775, eight years after the incorporation of the town, it numbered five hun- dred and seventy-five, more than the average from that time to the present. The population by the cen- sus of 1880 was five hundred and one. The soil is of an excellent quality, yielding large returns for the labor spent upon it, and the town has long been noted for its superior fruit. The location of the town is very high, commanding a view of the spires of sixteen villages and of many mountains on every side around it. The air is dry and pure, and Dr. Bowditch, the distinguished physi- cian, has long recommended it as one of the most favorable resorts in New Hampshire for those afllicted with pulmonary complaints. In the Revolution, which occurred so soon after the incorporation of the town, the people of Atkinson showed themselves truly patriotic. This they did by spirited resolutions and by furnishing men and money for the army. Mr. Nathaniel Cogswell, who had been a merchant thirty or forty years in the adjoining town of Haver- hill, and had moved into Atkinson in 1766, alone gave eight sons to the service, besides loaning money to the town to be expended in bounty and military equip- ments, the greater part of wliich money, by the de- preciation of currency, he lost. These eight sons performed more than thirty-eight years of service, a greater amount of service, it is believed, than was rendered by any other family in the country. They all survived the Revolution and settled in life, and were the Hon. Thomas Cogswell, of Gilman- ton ; Hon. Amos Cogswell, of Dover; Capt. Nathaniel P. Cogswell, of Atkinson ; Moses Cogswell, Esq., of Canterbury; Dr. William Cogswell, of Atkinson; JohiT Cogswell, Esq., of Landaff'; Dr. Joseph Cogs- well, of Yarmouth ; and Mr. Ebenezer ,Cogswell, of Wiscosset, Me. Gen. Nathaniel Peabody, by the im- portant services he rendered to the country in this crisis of affairs, was a host. In all the wars in which our country has been en- gaged Atkinson has been prompt to do its whole duty. In the war of 1812 -she sent quite a number of men to guard the forts along the coast, and Capt. William Page, commander of a company of cavalry, in re- sponse to a requisition from the Governor, tendered the services of this entire company. Forty residents of Atkinson served in the war of the Rebellion, very few towns in New Hampshire furnishing so large a number in proportion to their population. Ecclesiastical History.— The reasons assigned by the petitioners for a separation from the town of 118 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Plaiatow were " that by reason of the great distance of their dwellings from the meeting-house they un- dergo many and great difficulties in attending the worship of Almighty God there, and that the said meeting-house is not large enough to accommodate more than half of the inhabitants of said town." Before the erection of the church services were held at the house of Mr. Nathaniel Cogswell. The iirst meeting-house was built in 1768-69, and remained until 1845. The town extended a call to Mr. Stephen Peabody, Feb. 26, 1772, and voted to give him " 160 pounds lawful money as a settlement, upon condition that the salary begin £66 13s. and 4d. lawful money the first year, and add on 40 shillings per year till it amount to 80 pounds per year." They also voted to give him " ten cords of wood per year as long as he carry on the work of the ministry in Atkinson." Mr. Pea- body accepted, and was ordained Nov. 25, 1772, at which time the church was organized at the house of Mr. Samuel Little. The covenant of the church adopted at its organi- zation was evangelical. Mr. Peabody continued pas- tor of the church until his decease. (See sketches.) After the death of Mr. Peabody the pulpit was supplied by the following gentlemen : Rev. Jacob Cummings, born at Warren, Mass. ; D. C. 1819 ; An- dover Theological Seminary, 1822 ; preached at At- kinson 1822-24, being at the same time preceptor of the academy, afterwards at Straham, Southborough, Mass., Hillsborough, and Exeter, where he died June 20, 1866, in the seventy-third year of his age. Kev. Stephen Farley, born at Hollis; D. C. 1804, was settled at Claremont, 1806-18 ; at Atkinson, 1824- 31, being at the same time preceptor of the academy ; died at Amesbury, Mass., Sept. 30, 1871, aged seventy- one. Rev. Luke' A. Spofford, born at Jaffrey, M. C. 1815 ; pastor of the church in Gilmanton, 1819-25 ; Brentwood, 1826-29; Lancaster, 1829-81; Atkinson, 1831-34 ; then of the churches at Soituate, Mass., and Chilraark, Mass., when he removed to Indiana, and died at Rockville, Oct. 10, 1855. He wa^ the father of Judge Henry M. Spofford, of Louisiana, and Amsworth Spofford, librarian of the Congressional Library, Washington, D. C. Rev. Samuel H. Tolman, born at Dorchester, Mass. ; D. C. 1806 ; settled at Shirley, Mass., Dunstable, Mass., South Merrimac, Atkinson, 1836-39, Sempster, and Hillsborough Centre ; died at Atkinson, April 2, 1856. Rev. Samuel Pierce, born at Haverhill, Mass. ; D. C. 1835; Andover Theological Seminary, 1840 ; com- menced preaching at Atkinson in 1842, and died March 27, 1844. Rev. Jesse Page. Eev. 0. F. Morse, born at Salem, Vt. ; A. C. 1853 ; Andover Theological Seminary, 1856 ; missionary to Turkey, 1857-70 ; pastor at Atkinson, 1872-75, then at Thetford, Waterford, and McTudor's Falls, in Ver- mont. Eev. C. T. Melvin, born at Chester ; D. C. 1856 ; Andover Theological Seminary, 1859 ; pastor at Co- lumbus, Elk Grove, and Sun Prairie, Wis., Emporia, Kan., Atkinsoil, 1^75-80; died at Walpole, Mass., 1880. Rev. E. B. Pike, born at Hiram, Me. ; M.D. at Bow- doin Medical College, 1857 ; Bangor Theological Seminary, 1862 ; pastor at Stowe, Me., and Chatham, N. H., Brownfield, Me., Boothbay, Me., Atkin, 1880- 82. Rev. J. 0. Barrows, born at Mansfield, Conn. ; A. C. 1860 ; Andover Theological Seminary, 1863 ; pastor at North Hampton ; First Church, Exeter ; Missionary American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Mis- sions in Turkey, 1869-80 ; pastor at Atkinson, 1882. In March, 1819, three months previous to the death of Mr. Peabody, the town " voted to let the Universal- ists have the privilege of using the meeting-house the present year their proportion of Sundays, according to the taxation." This vote was repeated in subse- quent years. Deeming it expedient, on account of the inconveni- ence which attended the worship of God in connection with those of other denominations, the church and orthodox part of the community formed, Feb. 19, 1834, a society for the support of Christian institu- tions, called the " Congregational Society in Atkin- son." During the year 1835 a meeting-house was erected by this new society from subscriptions by themselves and others. It stands on land given for this purpose by Joseph B. Cogswell. In 1845, Mrs. Judith Cogswell, widow of Dr. Wil- liam Cogswell, gave to the Orthodox Congregational Church and Society a bell weighing thirteen hundred pounds. A pipe organ was procured in 1866. A fine parsonage was erected in 1872. The meeting-house was remodeled in 1879 at an expense exceeding its original cost. In 1872, Francis Cogswell, George Cogswell, Na- thaniel Cogswell, and Jesse Page gave to the Con- gregational Church a thousand dollars each, " The interest to be expended, under its direction, for the support of preaching and sustaining the gospel min- istry ;" and Joseph B. Cogswell, another brother, a similar amount for the support of preaching and re- pairs on the house of worship. Donations to the preaching fund have also been made by John Petten- gill and Eliza W. Noyes. It may be well to remark that the singing in the church has always been by a volunteer choir. To one family, children of Mr. Henry Noyes, has the church been especially indebted. Four sisters of this family sat side by side for more than forty years preceding 1865, and several brothers nearly as long, and the husband of one of the four sisters sang in the choir more than fifty years, a great part of the time as the leader. ATKINSON. 119 A Univeesalist Society was incorporated June 18, 1818, by the name of the Universalist Society of Atlvinson and Hampstead. The old society was given up, and the present one formed in 1839, and is known by the nameof the Atkinson Universalist Society. The society erected a meeting-house in 1842. For the years 1843 and 1844 the Rev. Josiah Gilman resided in the town, and supplied the pulpit half the time. Since then the society has had preaching only occasionally. Education. — The early settlers seem to have been people of intelligence, and one of their first thoughts was the education of their children. March 29, 1774, according to the records of the town, it was voted to hire a schoolmaster eight months the ensuing year, an unusual length of school for so small a population at that early period. Jan. 30, 1775, the town was divided into three school districts and subsequently into six ; the present number is five. The people, however, were soon dissatisfied with the advantages of the common district schools, and in 1788 erected a suitable building and established Atkinson Academy, which is entitled to an honorable place among the educational institutions of New England from its an- tiquity and usefulness. The first four academies of New Hampshire were Phillips', at Exeter, incorporated 1781 ; New Ipswich, incorporated 1789 ; Chesterfield, incorporated 1790 ; and Atkinson, incorporated Feb. 17, 1791. As the one at Atkinson, however, went into operation several years before its incorporation, it is really the second in the State in point of age. The origin of the academy is due mainly to the efforts of three men, — Hon. Dr. and Gen. Nathaniel Peabody, Eev. Stephen Peabody, and Dr. William Cogswell. The first academy building, one story in height, was erected in the centre of the town, where the road to Salem diverges from the main street. It was burned in 1802, and the present building was erected in 1803, after the model of Phillips' Academy, in Exeter. It is sixty feet long, thirty-four feet wide, and two stories high, and is a well-proportioned, handsome structure, situated on elevated ground, and commanding an extensive view of the country around. In 1850 the old plank seats were exchanged for modern desks, and a fine bell procured by subscrip- tion. A good library and suitable philosophical and chemical apparatus have also been obtained. When first established the academy, through the scarcity of such institutions, soon gained an enviable reputation, and was largely patronized from a dis- tance, fitting young men for college, and giving in- struction in the higher English branches. It early became a mixed school, when but little attention had been paid to female education, and has so continued to the present time, being the first academy, accord- ing to Rev. Dr. Foil, himself one of the pupils, where the sexes were educated together in the higher branches. It is interesting to note, in comparison with the present educational expenses, how small were the charges of the school in its early history. The tuition for the first two years was only 6s. for a quarter of twelve weeks; then Qs. ; in 1797, $2.00; in 1805, $3.00 ; in 1839 it was raised to $4.00 ; in 1854 it was $4.80. Board at first was 4s. Qd., including lodging and washing. Then for many years it was 6s. ; in 1830 it was 7s. 6d. for the whole week, including washing and lodging, and 6s. for those who spent the Sabbath at their homes; in 1850 from $1.50 to $2.00 per week, including room-rent and washing. The academy has had no permanent funds till re- cently. In 1855, Mr. James Atwood, of Westchester, Pa., a native of the town, gave one thousand dollars, and his son-in-law. Dr. Alraon Z. Bardin, five hun- dred dollars. In 1865 it received a legacy of two thousand dollars from Rev. Dr. Joseph B. Fell, one thousand for himself and one thousand for his wife, and in 1877 two thousand dollars as a legacy from Quincy Tufts, one of the first pupils of the academy. Mr. William Johnson, an old resident of the town, who died in 1880, gave a prospective bequest of above eleven thousand dollars. He was a man of great native good sense and much industry, and he lived to the advanced age of nearly ninety-three years. It is not a little remarkable that an institution entirely self-supporting should have so long main- tained itself, which is due to its healthy location, its ease of access, and the wants of a large rural sur- rounding population. The academy is now in suc- cessful operation, and, with a fund and other advan- tages recently secured, bids fair in the future to surpass its past usefulness. Very many have enjoyed its privileges who would otherwise have secured no instruction beyond that of the common district schools. To the town where it is located it has been of priceless value. The Rev. Dr. Cogswell, good authority, stated that through its influence Atkinson had given more of its sons to the learned professions than any other town in the State, in proportion to its population. Among the many pupils of the old academy are not a few who have attained eminence. There may be "mentioned the names of Levi Woodbury, noted in youth as in manhood for his untiring industry ; Gov- ernor Kent, of Maine ; Jonathan and Joseph Cilley ; President Brown, of Dartmouth College ; Gen. James Wilson ; Judge White, of Salem ; President Hale, of Hobart College; Benjamin Greenleaf, author of many mathematical works ; Edmund R. Peaslee, LL.D., the distinguished medical professor and practitioner, of New York City ; Judge Greenleaf Clarke, of the Supreme Court, Minnesota. To these should be added, besides others previously mentioned, a large number of clergymen of great usefulness. Grace Fletcher, the first wife of Daniel Webster, was educated here, and has been described by her schoolmates as a pale, modest, retiring girl. 120 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. The following is a list of the different principals of the academy: Moses Leavitt Neal, of Londonderry, H. C. 1785, attorney-at-law, clerk of New Hampshire House of Eepresentatives, and register of deeds of Strafford County, lived at Dover and elsewhere. Died 1829, aged sixty-two. Daniel Hardy, of Bradford, Mass., D. C. 1789, studied divinity; tutor in Dartmouth College; taught at Chesterfield and Bradford, Mass. A distinguished linguist. Died at Dracut, Mass., Nov. 25, 1833, aged sixty. Samuel Moody, of Byfleld, Mass., D. C. 1790, teacher at Hallowell, Me., where he died April 6, 1832, aged sixty-seven. Silas Dinsmore, of Windham, D. C. 1791, purser of United States navy; Indian agent, with the rank of colonel, to the Choctaw and* Cherokee Indians, and collector of the port of Mobile. A man of much en- ergy and intelligence. It was to him that a cabinet minister wrote to ask, " How far does the Tombigbee run up into the country 1" His reply was, " It does not run up at all, it runs down." The result was his dismissal. He died at Bellone, Ky., June 17, 1847, aged eighty. Stephen Peabbdy Webster, of Haverhill, Mass., H. C. 1792, was the first person that entered college from the academy ; clerk of the courts of Grafton County, and representative, senator, and councilor of the State of New Hampshire; taught at Haverhill, where he died, 1841. John Vose, of Bradford, D. C. 1795, preceptor of Pembroke Academy ; representative and senator of New Hampshire Legislature; author of several ad- dresses and two valuable and original works on as- tronomy, died at Atkinson, May 3, 1840, aged seventy- three. He taught at Atkinson twenty-three years, and at Pembroke eleven years. He was a worthy man, a devout Christian, a superior teacher, of more than ordinary ability and scholarship. He was offered the position of judge, which he declined. Moses Dow, of Atkinson, D. 0. 1796, settled as a clergyman at Beverly, Mass., and York, Me., died at Plaistow, May 9, 1837, aged sixty-six. William Cogswell, of Atkinson, D. C. 1811, prin- cipal of Hampton Academy, settled as a clergyman in Dedham, Mass. ; secretary of the American Edu- cation Society ; professor in Dartmouth College, and president of Gilmanton Theological Seminary ; editor of American Quarterly Register, and author of several theological works; died at Gilmanton, April 18, 1850, aged sixty-two. He was a man of great industry and usefulness, and few clergymen of his time were better known, or filled so many important positions. Francis Voce, of Francistown, D. C. 1817, teacher at Colchester, Conn., Hampton, N. H., Newburyport, Topsfield, and Haverhill, Mass., and Bloomfield Acad- emy, Me., died at Pembroke, Aug. 8, 1851, aged sixty- two. Jacob Cummings, of Warren, Mass., D. C. 1819, preceptor of Hampton Academy, settled as a clergy- man at Stratham, N. H., Sharon and Scarborough, Mass.j and Hillsborough and Exeter, N. H., died at Exeter, June 20, 1866, aged seventy- three. Stephen Farley, of Hollis, D. C. 1804, clergyman, settled at Claremont and Atkinson, died at Ames- bury, Mass., Sept. 20, 1851, aged seventy-one. He was the author of several theological works, and was an excellent belles-lettres scholar. Enoch Hale, of Alstead, University of Vermont, 1826, teacher at Alstead and New London, took orders for the Episcopal Church, died at Atkinson, Nov. 16, 1830. John Kelly, of Plaistow, A. C. 1825, preceptor of Derry Academy, attorney-at-law in Plaistow, Chester, and Atkinson, died 1877. Joseph Peckham, of Westminster, Mass., A. C. 1837, clergyman, settled at Kingston, Mass. Joseph Allen Taylor, of Granby, Mass., H. C. 1839, died at Atkinson while a member of Andover Theo- logical Seminary, 1842, aged twenty-eight. Benjamin A. Spaulding, of Billerica, Mass., H. C. 1840, missionary in Iowa. Malachi Bullard, of West Medvvay, Mass., D. C. 1841, clergyman, settled at Winchendon, Mass., died May 10, 1849, aged thirty- one. John Wason Ray, of Auburn, D. C. 1843 ; teacher in Manchester, Derry, and Eastport, Me. ; clergyman, settled at Vernon, Conn., and Gofifstown. Edward Hanford Greeley, of Hopkinton, D. C. 1845, clergyman, settled in Haverhill, Nashua, and Methuen, Mass. ; secretary of New Hampshire Home Missionary Society. Joseph Garland, of Hampton, B. C. 1844, physi- cian in Gloucester, Mass., of which city he has been mayor. Charles Darwin Fitch, of Greenfield, D. C. 1837, teacher in Phillips' Academy, Andover, Amherst, Derry, and elsewhere, physician. William C. Todd, D. C. 1844, principal Female High School, Newburyport, Mass., in which city he now resides. Charles Prescott Parsons, of Gilmanton, D. C. 1853, teacher in Gilmanton, Biddeford, Me., and Evans- ville, Ind., where he died, 1880. John Webster Dodge, of Newburyport, Mass., A. C. 1857, Congregational clergyman, Yarmouth, Mass. Justin White Spaulding, of Plainfield, D. C. 1847, teacher in West Boscawen, Meriden, Bradford, Vt,, and Taunton, Mass. ; died in Atkinson, Sept. 28, 1865, aged forty-two. Nathan Barrows, of Hartford, Conn., W. R. C. 1850, A. B. 1853, A.M. and College of Physicians and Surgeons, N. Y., M.D. ; principal of Huron County Institute, Ohio; South Berwick Academy, Me. ; Claremont High School ; and teacher in Kimball Union Academy. William Ellingwood Buntin, of Dunbarton, D. C. ATKINSON. 121 1860, teacher in Dunbarton and Gloucester, Marble- head, and Waltham, Mass. ; was captain in the war of the Rebellion. Bartlett Hardy Weston, of Georgetown, Mass., D. C. 1864, teacher in Hampton Academy ; Wheaton Acad- emy, 111., Golden Gate Academy, Cal., and at Reed's Ferry. E. C. Allen, of Colosse, Oswego Co., N. Y., Madi- son University, 1844, professor in Collegiate Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y., and principal of Penacook Acad- ■ emy, Fisherville. Maurice P. White, of South Hadley, Mass., A. C. 1875, teacher in Washington, D. C. John Vose Hazen, grandson of Hon. John Vose, received his education at Atkinson Academy; grad- uated at Dartmouth; B. S. 1875, C. E. 1876; prin-, cipal of Atkinson Academy. Chandler, Professor of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, and Instructor in Civil Engineering, Dart- mouth College. Charles Daniel Tenney, D. C. 1878 ; Oberlin The- ological Seminary, 1882 ; Missionary American Board of Commissioners Foreign Missions in China. The present principal (1882) is B. H. Weston, be- fore mentioned. Individuals who have entered the Learned Pro- fessions. — Hon. Moses Dow, son of Mr. John Dow ; H. C. 1769; attorney; judge of probate; brigadier- general in the militia ; resided at Haverhill, N. H. John Poor, .son of Lieut. Daniel Poor ; H. C. 1775 ; instructor of youth in Philadelphia ; taught the first female school of celebrity in the country ; spent most of his life in Philadelphia; died in Baltimore. Dr. William Cogswell. (See sketches.) Dr. Joseph Cogswell, brother of William ; studied medicine with him ; was with him in the military hospital at West Point; practiced in Warner, New Durham, and Tamworth, N. H. Dr. James Knight, son of Mr. Joshua Knight; studied medicine with Gen. Nathaniel Peabody ; prac- ticed medicine in Hampstead. Hon. Stephen Peabody, son of Rev. Stephen Pea- body ; H. C. 1794 ; captain in the Oxford army ; judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Maine. Hon. Johu Noyes, son of Mr. Humphrey Noyes ; D. C. 1795 ; tutor in college ; merchant ; member of Congress ; resided in Putney, Vt. ; died 1841, aged seventy-seven. Rev. Moses Dow, son of Mr. John Dow; D. C. 1796 ; Congregational clergyman, settled in the min- istry at Beverly, Mass., and York, Me. ; died in Plais- tow, 1837, aged sixty-six. Dr. Abner Page, son of Mr. Daniel Page; studied medicine with Dr. William Cogswell ; practiced in Sandown, New Durham, and Rochester, N. Y. ; died at Buffalo, N. Y. Dr. Josiah Noyes, son of Mr. Humphrey Noyes, Jr. ; D. C. 1801; tutor; studied medicine with Prof. Na- than Smith, M.D., at D. C, 1806 ; professor Hamil- ton College and Fairfield Medical College ; died 1853, aged seventy-seven. Jesse Merrill, son of Mr. James Merrill ; D. C. 1806 ; attorney ; died 1854, aged seventy-five. Caleb Merrill, brother of the above; D. C. 1808; attorney; lived in Pittsfield; died 1841, aged fifty- eight. Rev. William Cogswell, D.D. (See preceptors of the academy.) Dr. Amos Currier, son of Mr. Dudley Currier ; D. C. 1818 ; practiced in Orangeburg, S. C. ; died 1824, aged thirty-three. Rev. Nathaniel Cogswell, son of Dr. William Cogs- well; D. 0. 1819; Congregational clergyman at Yar- mouth, Mass., where he died in 1874, aged seventy- eight ; was the father of Hon. J. B. D. Cogswell ; president Massachusetts Senate, and seven years United States attorney {ie House of Rejiresentatives have seen meet to Dismiss And also your Excell'y & Hon" having appointed a Committee of four GenJ two out of Each House to Prefix the place where the meeting House ought to Stiiiid, Three of said Gen^^ have been and made Return but is accounted voyd by your ExoeU'y & Hon" For that the Comitee did not all Joyn in their Return & for which Reason our Petition was also Dismist. Wheiefore our case at present Seems very hard & Difficult, we having been at such tost to Erect our said House and to maintain Preaching irt it hitherto & the Minister also who hath hitherto preached to us being at our Earnest desire willing to Continue with us in the Min- istry. If your Excell'y & Hon" will in your great Wisdome take this our Remonstrance of our Difficult Circumstances in our Present Meet- ing House not being Established Sc our aforesaid Petition not being Granted & the great Charges and Difficulties we hitherto have and still do Labour under, under your Excell'y & Hon" wise Consideration & be pleased to_grant us Relief herein as in your Great Wisdom you .shall se meet And as in Duty Bound we your Excell'ys & Hon" most obedient Huml)le servants sliall ever Pray &c, "Dated at Brintwood June 27*1" Anno Dom 1743. Andrew Gillmau John George Wilson Edwd Thing Edwfi Colcord Dani Quimby Nicljo Dudley Sarrah Gorden AntipHS Giliuan John Leavit Tim*' Leavitt James Stephens Benj'» Gillman Joseph Hoit Sam' Edgi-rly Joshua Bean Sam' Dudley John Mogridge Jon* Thing John Hilton Stephen Levit Ithiel Clifford Jonsia Thing Sam" Smith Jon" Wadley Dan' Wormal Nicli" Dudley J' Marthy Bean Jerem'^ Bean. Haley Stephens John Dudley Jei" Gillman Junr" 130 HISTOKY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. " In the House of Repreaentatives July 1^ 1743. The within Petition read & considered on & Voted That Eleazer Russell Eaqr Mark Langdon Gent & Noah Barker of Stratbam be a Committee to Joyn Such as the Hon^ie tbe Council shall app* to go to the Parish of Brentwood, and view the Situation of said parish and see whether it will be most convanient for the Inhabitants thereof to be Divided into two Parishes, or whether the whole shall meet at the meeting House already TJuilt for some Limited time, or to Conclude upon some other method that they shall think to be for the best good of the said P's'h. Id order for their being Settled in Peace, and that tbey make Report to the Gen" Ass™ the third day of the Sitting of the Gen" Ass™ at their next Sessions and that the Petitioners be at the charge of the Comittee and that the Petitioners Serve the Select men of Brentwood with a copy of this Petition & Votes, that they may notife the Parish of these proceedings and that those that will dilute f what is acted may appear at the day above said. "James Jepfrt Cle^ Ass^ " Eodn> Die In Council Read and Concurr'd & tbe above said Comittee hereby Established & Impowered for the End above said "Eod™ Die Assented to B, Wkntwurth " Copia Examined Theodore Atkinson Sec?/. Theo^ Atkinson Secy. " Province of Hamp' Sep. 22y the Gov^ and the HonWo the Council May it Please your Ex & Honors " On the 2d Day of the last month Elisha Sanborn of y" parish of Brentwood in s^ prov. Yeoman as agent for said Parish represented to this House in way of Petition that the said Parish &c (here recite the Petition at large). . . . "Which Petition of the said Elisha in Part above recited we have taken into our most mature Consideration together with authenticated cupys of the said act and Charter mentioned in said Petition with such other Evidence as the Petitioner has thought fit to lay before this House in support thereof, by which it manifestly appears to us, that there was an act or Law made and past by the Gov^ Council and repreeentt^oof this Province dated the day of 17 by which a Part of tbe Town of Exeter was incorporated in to a Parish named of Brintwood by metes and Bounds, and that the Inhabitants within said Bounds, were^o duty Pariah Duty,f and receive parish privileges in said Brentwood, and were exon- erated from parish Duty in the Parishes whereto they belonged before the Date of said Law ; That Discontent soon arose among the Parishion- ers of s^ Brentwood about the Place of fixing their meeting House, which occasioned a new Petition to the Governor Council and Gen. assembly dated the day of 17 , for a minor Part of said Parishioners prayer, to have the said Parish divided into two Parishes but that which was offered in support thereof appearing frivolous to the General assem- bly, the said Petition was by them ordered to be dismissed: That after- wards (viz) on tbe day of 17 The discontented Party petitioned anew to His Exc'y and Council regardless of the General assembly (one Branch of tlie Legislature) praying again for a Division of s^ Brentwood into Two Parishes, which your Ex. and Council (without the Gen' assem- bly) were pleased to take Cognizance of, and on the day of 17 to grant a Charter under the Province Seal to the said Petitioners, in- corporating another Parish nnmed Keenborough by metes and Bounds and exonerating the Inhabitants of said Keenboruugh from thfir Parish Duty in Brentwood which they were obliged to do and perform there by Law, which charter so far This House looks upon as an atteniiil to ab- rogate and supersede a Law in Part, and thereby an open Usurpation of a Power appertaining to the Gen assy in Conjunction with the Gov and Conn, and a manifest invasion of the Just rights and Privileges of the People whom we represent, and an Infringem't on the rights of the Par- ishioners of Brentwood, and an oppression of them in particular, which we think ourselves obliged to take notice of in Duty to His Majesty, in faithfulness to our Constituents and in Justice & Honour to ourselves and to remonstrate against it. We do tlierefore earnestly request your Excy and Honours, seriou-ly to reconsider this matter, and to recall the Keenborough Grant and thereby put an end to the Strifes already com- menced, and a stop to others ready to break out in consequence thereof and also to save this House the Trouble of saying or acting further on upon it, for as we are the representatives of a free protestant People and as such the Guardians of their Privileges, we esteem ourselves obliged to make a stand ag^t every attempt made to deprive them of their Just Rights, and particularly we shall think ourselves inexcusable in case your Exies and Hon" sliould not relieve us if we should not apply to His most Excellent majesty who is graciously pleased to esteem his own Pre- rogatives and his Subjects Privileges equally dear to him for a remedy, and we esteem ourselves more especially obliged to take this step (if your Ex & Hon" don't prevent it) as it is not the first Instance wherein your Excellency has attempted to invade our rights Witness your Endeavoura to get the provincial Records of Deeds into your Hands, or at least to have the Disposal of them, which are no other than the Peoples Evi- dences of their Titles to their Land Estates and therefore according to the rules of common sense and Reason, ought to be in their own several keepings if it could be, but as it can't they ought to be disposed of by them who are the Proprietors of their Evidences as well as of their Es- tates. Another Instance was your Excellency's Endeavor to augment the number of membei-a of this House by your own mear arbitrary Power, without any Law enabling you so to, or any colour of authority from His majesty for your so doing that was ever made known to ua to which may be added your Excellency's causing a number of men to scout on y« west side of merrimack River last summer before A Grant was made for their Pajiand Subsistence, and which we humbly appre- hend your Excellency could not rationally expect ever would be and the Bcouters remain to this Day without wages and those that subsisted them without their pay for it whether this is not oppressive we leave to the wisest Judges to deteraiine. Proceedings of this nature will cast no blame on ns, but it gives us Concern, that any oflSce must bear the Rec- BRENTWOOD. 131 ords of such Conduct were it possible for us to entertain so dislion^e a Thought as tliat a Vote could be past at the Council Board, and tlje "Voters not be fully apprised of your directions without maturely delib- erating on the materials it was built with we should have at Once con- cluded, that the Vote for Keenborough Charter was such an one. May it please y Kx and Hon" we ci-ave Leave to repeat our request to you for a reconsideration of the Keenborough affair and that you will be , pleased to do what is just and right therein to quiet the minds of the People to stay the Strifes already begun and to prevent other Divisions that are like to arise — we are Zealously concerned that Love and Peace may be cultivated in the Province and a Harmony in the administration, that the Prerogative may always rest secure that the Infractions made on our Privileges may be healed, and that they may ever hereafter re- main safe and inviolate." *' Petition of alnnmber of the Inhaiitanls of Brintwood, praying to be Bet off as a parish. " To his Excellency Benniog Wentworth Esqr Governor & Commander in chief in and over his Majestys Province of New Iliimpshire the honorable his Miyesty's Council & House of Representatives in General Assembly couven'd 12^^ day of June 1764 " The Petition of ua the Subscribers humbly sheweth that whereas we who are of the Parish of Brintwood in said Province >r6 exposed by being at a great distance from Meeting for the public worship of God Therefore pray your Honers to take our Case into your wise Considera- tion and set us off as a Parish witli all Parish privileges one half of the aforesaid Parish of Brintwood for quantity on the westerly end. Begin- ning at the northwesterly Corner of said Parish running easterly on Epping Line so far as to contain one half of the length of said Line. Then beginning at the South westerly Corner of said Parish running Easterly on Kingston Line one half of the Length of the said South Line then to run a Straight Line across said Parish of Brintwood so aa to con- tain full one half of the Land of said Brintwood agreeable to a Vote of said Parish reference hereto being had may make fully appear. And your Petitioners in duty bound Shall e\ er pray " John Taylor Zacheus Clough Joshua Kimball John Kimball Benjn Kimball Nathan Kimball Jonathan Brown James Merrill Joseph Hoyt James Merrill Jun Jonathan Ring John Kenison James Tucker Nathan Brown Daniel Brown Enoch Brown John Hoyt John Hoyt Jun Abel Morrill Samuel Hoyt John French Joseph TaylorJ John Glidden Daniel Kimball Israel Smith Samuel Clough Robert Glidden John Clough Ephraim Brown David Kimball Benjamin Cram Richaid Clough Abraham Sanborn David Hoyt Ellas Swain Samuel Moody Jonathan Hoyt Clement Moody BenjamiEi Hoyt Natb'l "Whittier ' Reuben Hoyt Nathaniel Whittier Jun John Prescot Lovren (?) Benjamin Clough " Province of 1. In the House of Representatives June ll" 1764 New Hamps J This petition being read "Voted That the prayer thereof be Granted & that the petitioners have leave to bring In a Bill accordingly "A. Clarkbon Cterk " In Council June IS" 1764 Read & Concurred T. Atkinson Sec "At a Parish Meeting held at the meeting house in Brintwood the fifteenth Day of May 1764 " Voted Deacon Jeremiah Bean moderator of said meeting at the same meeting it was Put to Vote to see if the Parish would maintain Two ministers in said Parish & it Past in the Negative "Voted the Inhabitants of the Westerly End of the Parish be set off to be a Parish by themselves that is to come one half the way Down on Epping Line & Bun such a Point a cross to Kingston Line as to contain one half y» Land in Sd Parish " Glisha Sanborn Clerk " A copy Examd." Congregational Church.' — Brentwood was origin- ally a part of Exeter, and was incorporated June 26, 1742. Previous to this a meeting-house had been erected in what is now the easterly part of Brent- wood. The first pastor of the Congregational Church in Brentwood was Eev. Nathaniel Trask, from Lex- ington, Mass. He came to Brentwood in 1747. A church was organized in 1748, and Mr. Trask was ordained Dec. 12, 1748. There was a meeting-house built near the centre of the town in 1750, where the present Congregational meeting-house now stands. A church was organized at the Centre July 12th, O. S., or July 28, N. S., 1751. These two churches united in one, and Rev. Mr. Trask was installed pastor of this united church and minister of the town, Jan. 7, 0. S., or Jan. 18, N. S., 1756, and Eev. Ward Cotton, from Hampton, preached on the occasion from Col. iv. 17. Mr. Trask was dismissed from his pastoral charge July 30, 1787, on account of inability to preach, arising from a disorder in his head. Mr. Trask's ministry in the town was about forty years. He died in Brentwood, Dec. 12, 1789, aged sixty- eight years. During the time between Mr. Trask's dismissal and the second pastor's settlement there was a large number of candidates employed. Rev. Ebenezer Flint, from Methuen, Mass., was the second pastor of this church, ordained May 27, 1801. He was a man much respected and beloved by his people. He died suddenly, Oct. 12, 1811, aged forty-two years, leaving a wife and four small children. Mr. Flint's ministry here was some more than ten years. On the 21st of July, 1813, Rev. Chester Colton, from Hartford, Conn., commenced his labors here, and" was ordained pastor of this church Jan. 25, 1815. Rev. William F. Rowland, from Exeter, preached from 1 Cor. i. 21. The meeting-house, which was built in 1750, was taken down, and a new one built on the same spot in 1815. The Congregational par- sonage h'ouse, which is now occupied by Rev. W. C. Jackson, was also built in 1815. The Sabbath-school was organized in the spring of 1817, and Thomas S. Robinson was the first superintendent. Mr. Colton secured to himself the warmest attachment of his people, and his labors were greatly blessed. He was dismissed at his own request, on account of inflamma- tion of the eyes, March 16, 1825. After regaining the use of his eyes, he preached a while in Connecticut, and afterwards as a missionary to the West, where he died Sept. 15, 1850, aged sixty-six years. The fourth pastor of this church was Rev. Luke A. Spof- ford, from Gilmanton, N. H., installed Feb. 22, 1826, and Rev. Abraham Burnham, from Pembroke, N. H., preached from John v. 35. Mr. Spofford asked and received a dismissal, April 1, 1829. He died in Rock- ville, Ind., Oct. 10, 1855. After the dismissal of Mr. Spofford this people enjoyed the labors of Rev. Jonathan Ward, from Plymouth, N. H., as acting 1 Contributed by Mary A. Sanborn. 132 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. pastor, until the autumn of 1833. Kev. Mr. Ward died in Brentwood, Feb. 23, 1860. The fifth pastor of this church was Rev. Francis Welch, from Hamp- stead, N. H. He was ordained Dec. 4, 1833, and Rev. John Smith, from Exeter, preached the ser- mon. He was dismissed Oct. 4, 1837. The sixth pastor of this church was Rev. John Gunnison, from New Market, N. H., who began to preach here in October, 1837, and was installed June 12, 1837. Rev. Luther F. Dimmick, from the North Church in New- buryport, Mass., preached the sermon. His labors were greatly blessed here. He was dismissed June 8, 1841. He died in Rochester, N. Y. The seventh pastor of this church was Rev. James Boutwell, from Lyndeborough, N. H. Mr. Boutwell commenced his labors here July 11, 1841, and was ordained Nov. 4, 1841, and Rev. John L. Taylor, from Andover, Mass., preached the ordination sermon from 1 Pet. i. 12. James P., son of Rev. James and Mary P. Boutwell, died Oct. 31, 1844, aged four years. In 1847 the in- terior of the meeting-house that was built in 1815 was remodeled. When this njeeting-house was first built the audience-room was two stories high ; the gallery was high three ways round the room ; the pulpit was so exceedingly high as to tire the necks and eyes of those who sat nearest the pulpit to look at the minister; the pews were square; the seats that kind that had hinges, and of course must be turned up when the congregation rose for prayers. The second story is now a hall, used for town and society busi- ness. The pews in the audience-room are long, the pulpit low, the gallery small, exclusively for the choir. Nov. 11, 1847, this meeting-house was re- dedicated to the worship of God, and Rev. Mr. Bout- well preached the dedicatory sermon from Exod. xx. 24. Mr. Boutwell sustained the pastoral oflice among this people for more than ten years. He continued during his stay to retain his hold upon their affec- tions. He was highly esteemed by them," and his departure was deeply regretted. He was dismissed May 12, 1852. He died in Sanbornton, N. H., April 21, 1865, aged fifty years and eleven months. Rev. Josiah M. Stearns, from New Ipswich, N. H., sup- plied the pulpit as acting pastor from Sept. 26, 1852, to June 12, 1853, when his useful life terminated in death, aged thirty-four years. Rev. Asa Mann, from Exeter, preached his funeral sermon from 2 Cor. iv. 7. His remains were carried to New Ipswich to be buried. The eighth pastor of this church was Rev. Charles Dame, from South Berwick, Me., installed May 17, 1854. Charles, son of Rev. Charles and Nancy J. Dame, died Dec. 28, 1854, aged three years. Through the efforts of Mr. Dame, a bell was purchased and put in the belfry of the meeting-house, April 18, 1855, and also a chandelier, which was put in the meeting-house June 27, 1855. Rev. Mr. Dame was dismissed Nov. 12, 1856. Rev. Mr. Allen, from South Berwick, Me., preached the sermon at the installation of Mr. Dame from 1 Peter iv. 11. The ninth pastor o*f this church was Rev. Hugh McLeod, a native of Nova Scotia, came from Springfield, Ohio, to Brent- wood, and commenced his labors here Dec. 13, 1857, and was installed Feb. 17, 1859, and Rev. Leonard S. Parker, from Haverhill, Mass., preached the sermon from 2 Cor. iv. 4. His labors here were greatly blessed. The reason he gave for asking a dismission was that he had a call from the Christian Commission to go and labor in the United States service. He was dismissed Oct. 16, 1865. Rev. Nathaniel Lassell, from Ames- bury, Mass., was the acting pastor from July 29, 1866, to Aug. 29, 1869. He died in Amesbury, Mass., Feb. 4, 1880, aged sixty-six years. Rev. William C. Jack- son, a native of Madison , N. H., commenced his labors here July 10, 1870, and has been the acting pastor of this church for more than eleven years. Abbie Isabella, daughter of Rev. William C. and Mary A. Jackson, died May 3, 1881, aged twenty-nine years. Physicians. — The following is a list of physicians who have lived and practiced in Brentwood : Dr. Thomas Peabody, died Nov. 28, 1777, aged thirty years ; Dr. Thomas Stowe Ranney, moved to New- port, Me., and died February, 1830; Dr. Joseph Dal- ton came from Deerfield to Brentwood in 1818, and was the practicing physician in Brentwood and some of the adjoining towns until removed by death Dec. 25, 1856, aged sixty-six years. Dr. Moses W. Caverly came from Gilmanton to Brentwood, Aug. 25, 1857, and has been the practicing physician to the present time, March, 1882. Baptist Church.,' — A meeting-house had been erected in the northwest part of the town previous to 1768. May 2, 1771, a church was organized of thir- teen members as follows : William Eastman, Stephen Sleeper, Levi Morrill, Edward Smith, Stephen But- ler, Alerdo Carter, John Folsom, Jeremiah Ward, Ellis Towle, Martha Marston, Molly Morrill, Abi- gail French, and Elizabeth Sleeper. Levi Morrill was chosen clerk, and Stephen Sleeper deacon. Dr. Samuel Shepard was called May 23d to take charge of this church and its branches at Strat- ham and Nottingham, and he was ordained at Strat- ham the last Wednesday of September of that year. Dr. Shepard's pastorate extended over a period of forty-four years, when he died Nov. 4, 1815, aged sev- enty-six years, four months, and thirteen days, and was buried only a short distance from the place where he had preached so long. After Dr. Shepard's death the pulpit was supplied by Rev. Jonathan Thyng, Benjamin Pottle, Henry Veasey, Reuben Bell, and Elder Cheny. Rev. Jona- than Thyng died in Brentwood Dec. 21, 1840, aged eighty years. Rev. Henry Veasey, a native of Brent- wood, died in Bow, April 4, 1825, aged thirty-nine years and six months. Rev. Samuel Cook commenced his labors in Brentwood June 3, 1827. In 1828 the 1 By D. 0. Waldron. BRENTWOOD. 133 old wooden meeting-house was taken down and a new brick one erected, but not exactly on the same spot, the new one being on the north side of the road directly opposite from the old site. The new brick church was dedicated Nov. 4, 1828. The first anni- versary of the Portsmouth Baptist Association was held at the new Baptist meeting-house in Brentwood, Oct. 7 and 8, 1829. The parsonage house was built in 1832. Mr. Cook was dismissed May 1, 1835. He died in Concord, N. H., Feb. 15, 1872, aged eighty- one years. Eev. James W. Poland was publicly recognized as pastor of this church May 11, 1836, Rev. Samuel Cook preaching the sermon from Psalms Ixiii. 2. Mr. Po- land was dismissed in October, 1838, on account of ill health. In April, 1839, Rev. John Holbrook was obtained as his successor. In the latter part of 1840 a gracious revival was enjoyed.' Soon after the pastor resigned. He died in Somerville, Mass., Aug. 13, 1879, aged eighty years. Bro. Horace Eaton, a re- cent graduate of New Hampton Institution, supplied the desk a while in 1841. In April, 1842, Rev. Abel Philbrick became pastor, and the next year the Portsmouth Baptist Association held its fifteenth anniversary with this church. The past year this church has been visited by death, three of their valuable members having been called home to heaven. In October, 1844, Rev. A. M. Swain was the pastor, remaining until 1849. He was succeeded by Rev. J. H. Learned. In the winter of 1853-54 a revival was enjoyed ; the pastor was assisted by Rev. John Pea- cock in holding a meeting of several days, when many were hopefuly converted. Much to the regret of his people, Bro. Learned was obliged, on account of ill health, to close his labors with this church in the spring of 1854. In 1855, Rev. A. M. Swain was again called to minister to this people. In 1857 he talks of leaving, but it is hoped he will not. He preached his farewell sermon Oct. 24, 1858 ; his text was 1 Chron- icles xxviii. 9. In the spring of 1859, Rev. William H. Jones was settled here as the pastor of this church. He closed his labors in February, 1861. June 27, 1861, Leonard B. Hatch was installed pastor, and labored there very acceptably for two years, when he resigned, preaching here for the last time May 31, 1863. Jesse M. Coburn was the next pastor, coming here some time in 1868, remaining until July 1, 1866. Rev. H. G. Hubbard was his successor ; was here for two years, and preached his farewell sermon Nov. 8, 1868. His departure was deeply regretted by his people. During the next year somewhat extensive repairs were made on the inside of the church building, and on their completion, in August, 1869, the Rev. Charles D. Swett received and accepted a call to become pas- tor of this church. He remained here four years. During his ministry the church celebrated their cen- tennial, he preaching a sermon on the occasion. He delivered this sermon Oct. 19, 1871, the church being one hundred years old February 2d previous. In October, 1873, Rev. J. H. Learned received and accepted a call to become pastor again for the second time, which position he held for three years, and resigned again in the fall of 1876 on account of ill health. Dec. 10, 1876, E. L. Scott accepted a call to this church, and was ordained here March 6, 1877, and closed his labors Oct. 14, 1877. Rev. C. H. Newhall succeeded him, and was pastor for three years, when he resigned. Oct. 31, 1880, Rev. George Ober was given a very unanimous call to become pastor of this old church and accepted ; he began his labors Feb. 6, 1881, and is the present pastor. This church is now (May, 1882) one hundred and eleven years old. Its Great Head has thus far pre- served it through its changes. Its present member- ship is ninety-eight. In the old records it is not ascertained when the first deacon (Deacon Sleeper) died, but of later ones the following is the record: Deacon Jonathan Veasey died Nov. 9, 1833, aged seventy-five ; Deacon Edward Tuck died April 30, 1843, aged seventy- nine ; Deacon Benjamin Veasey died March 16, 1868, aged seventy-nine; Deacon Israel S. Tuck died Sept. 25, 1872, aged seventy-one ; Deacon Benjamin Veasey, Jr., died April 16, 1870, aged fifty-one. Present dea- cons, William T. Be^n and Ira Thyng. Present clerk, D. O. Waldron. Military Record. — The following is a list of those who enlisted from this town during the late rebel- lion : .loseph Geebo, Co. C, 5th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 23, 1864; diech. June 28, 1866. Thomas Morrison, , 11th Eegt. ; enl. Deo. 23, 1863. Allen Turkey, Co. H, Sth Eegt.; enl. Sept. 7, 1S64; disch. June 28, 1866. Eeuben C. Gaines, , 11th Eegt.; enl. Deo. 19, 1863. William M. Locke, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; re-enl. Deo. 27, 1863, and credited to town of Chester. James W. Mclutire, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; disch. March 4, 1862. William H, Hook, Co. A, 9th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. April 27, 1863. Daniel Eiley, Co. C, 6th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 27,1861; killed Aug. 29, 1862. Charles A. Glidden, Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; disch, June 4, 1866. Freeman Stockman, Co. C, 6th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1861; disoh. May 18, 1863. Nathaniel B.Collins, Ist sergt. Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1802; disch. .^une 4, 1866. John S. Eowell, sergt. Co. 0, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; re-enl. and pro. Ist lieut. Deo. 24, 1863 ; pro. capt. Jan. 7, 1866; disch. July 17, 1865. Isaac N. Morse, corp. Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; disch. March 4, 1862. John W. Clark, Co. H, 7th Kegt. ; enl. April 13, 1864; absent, sick, July 20, 1865 ; no discharge furnished. James W. Marshall, Co. B, 7th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. and pro. to sergt, Feb. 27, 1864; disch, July 28, 1864. Bernard McElroy, Co. A, 7th Eegt.; enl. Oct. 29, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; discb. July 20, 1865. John Cadigan, Co. D, Sth Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 17, 1864; not officially ac- counted for. Frank Howard, Co. C, 9th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 24, 1864. Benjamin F. LaBue, Corp. Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl, Aug. 28, 1862; disch. June 4, 1866. , Blbridge 0. Brackett, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; pro. to Corp.; disch. June 4, 1866. 134 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. George W. Brackett, Co. A, 11th Begt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disoh. June 4,1865. John L. Oilman, Co. A, 11th Hegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disoh. for dis- ability Dec. 13, 1862. Joshua W. Lane, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June i, 1865. Edward Nickett, Co. A, nth Regt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. to Corp.; trans, to Inv. Corps Sept. 1, 1863. Budley H. Robinson, Co. A, 11th Begt.; enl. Aug. 28,W62; died Jan. 9, 1863. Jonathan W. Robertson, Co. A, 11th Regt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. to aergt. ; diach. June 4, 1865. George 0. Sanborn, Co. A, 11th Regt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. to aergt. ; disch. June 4, 1865. Charles G. Thing, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died Jan. 31, 1863. Herman W. Teazey, Co. A, 11th Begt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; trans, to Vet. Res, Corps ; disch. June 28, 1866. George A. Miles, Co. A, 11th Regt.; enl. Aug. 28,1862; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps ; disch. Aug. 28, 1865. John F. Worthen, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trana. to Batt. E, 1st V. S. A., Oct. 14, 1862. Charles Davis, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps, Sept. 30, 1863. John P. Bean, Co. 0, 1 1th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1866. John N. Kimball, Co. 1, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1862 ; disch. March 27, 1863. , Marcena W. Lane, Co. 1, 11th Eegt. ; eul. Sept. 2, 1862 ; diacli. June 4, 1865. I John Campbell, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. July 29, 1864 ; trans, to 6th N. H. Vol. June 1, 1866. George Sawyer, Co. G, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 19, 1863; trans, to 6th N. H. V. June 1, 1866 ; diach. July 17, 1865. Oliver Thomas, 14th Begt.; enl. Aug. 6,1864; not officially accounted for. James H. Robinson, Corp., Co. E, 16th Begt. ; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13,1863. George R. Russell, sergt., Co. E, 15th Regt, ; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Joaiah Morris, aergt., Go. E, 16th Regt.; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Lorenzo D. Cate, Co. E, 16th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Frank A. Colby, Co. E, 16th Regt.; eul. Oct. 9, 1862; died, date un- known. Frank W. Gould, Co. E, 16th Eegt,; enl. Oct, 9, 1862 ; diach. Aug. 13, 1863. James F. Hazeltine, Co. E, 15th Regt. ; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1663. Edward Hemmel, Co. E, 16th Regt; enl. Oct. 9, 1862; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. George B. Lane, Co. E, 15th Regt.; enl. Oct. 17, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Lewis W. Sinclair, Co. E, 15th Regt,; enl, Oct, 9,1862; died July 26, 1863. Marcus M. Tuttle, Co. E, 15th Regt, ; enl, Oct, 16, 1862 ; deserted, date unknown, Mark Carr, Co, A, 1st Cav, ; enl, April 14, 1864; pro, to sergt,; disch. Mal'ch 20, 1865, on account of wonnds. Joseph W. Chase, Co. B, let Cav, ; enl, March 24, 1864 ; cap. June 29, 1864 ; no discharge given. George Young, Co. B, lat Cav. ; enl. April 14, 1864 ; deaerted April 17, 1864. David E. Brown, Co. C, 1st Cav.; enl. April 5, 1864; disch. July 15,1865. Horace S. Flanders, lat Co, H. Art, ; enl, July 22, 1863 ; diach. Sept. 11, 1866. John H. Carr, 1st U. S. S. S., Co. B, Corp. ; enl. Sept, 9, 1S61 ; pro, to sergt. Jan. 29, 1863; Sept, 20, 1863, Charles 0, Copp, Co, C, 11th Eegt, ; enl, Aug, 21, 1862 ; pro, to corp. May 1, 1866; disch, June 4, 1865. Andrew Jackson, ,U. S. C. T. ; enl. Aug. 24, 1864 ; no record here of him, William Burrows, enl, Aug. 23, 1864; company and regiment unknown, John J. Stallard, enl, Aug, 23, 1864 ; company and regiment unknown. John E. Dunbar, enl. Aug. 10, 1864; company and regiment unknown, James Miller, enl, Aug. 11, 1864; company and regiment unknown. Simon Brown, enl. Aug, 13,1864,; company and regiment unknown. Thomas Morrison, enl. Sept. 1, 1863 ; company and regiment unknown. James Tracey, enl. Jan, 4, 1865; cdmpany and regiment unknown. William Desell, Co. A, 6th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 26, 1864 ; diach. June 28, 1865. William Barrowa, Co. H, 6th Begt. ; enl. Aug. 23, 1864 ; des. gained from desertion ; disch . June 14, 1863. E. B. W. Stevens, Co. I, 6th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1862; killed July 2, 1863. Jonathan S. Eowe, Co. I, 6th Begt.; enl. Sept, 18, 1862; mi3aing Dec, 1-3, 1862, James Maloney, Co, F, 2d Eegt, ; enl, Oct. 6, 1864]; deserted Feb. 4, 1865. William Fisher, Co. I 2d Begt.; onl. Dec. 2, 1863 ; deserted Feb, 3, 1864, Ambrose E, Eowell, Co, B, 3d Eegt.; enl. Feb. 22, 1864; pro. to sergt,; disch, July 20, 1865, George W, Bean, Co, B, 7th Eegt, ; enl, Dec, 17, 1861 ; pro, to Corp, June 12, 1862 ; sergt, Dec, 22, 1864; disch, July 20, 1865, George A, Eobinson, Co, B, 7th Eegt, : enl. Sept. 17, 1862 ; disch. June 28, 1865. ,Charlea Hall, Co. B, 11th Eegt, ; enl Dec, IB, 1863, Nat Wolf, Co, H, nth Regt. ; enl, Dec. 18, 1863, James McKee, 11th Eegt ; enl, Dec, 19, 1863, Andrew P, White, 11th Regt, ; enl, Dec , 19, 1863, Henry Harkins, 11th Begt, ; enl, Aug, 19, 1864, John F, Brown, Co. 1, 11th Begt. ; enl. Feb. 14, 1866 ; trans, to 6th N. H, V,; disch, July 17, 1865, Louis Douche, Co, K, 1st Cav, ; enl, March 8, 1865 ; disch, July 16, 1866, John F, Dudley, Co, E, 2d Eegt, ; enl, June 3, 1861; pro, to sergt, Aug. 1, 1862 ; diach. June 21, 1864. Freeman Stockman, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; disoh. May 18, 1863. John W. Clark, Co. H, 7th Eegt, ; enl, April 13, 1864; absent sick July 20, 1865 ; no discharge furnished. Josiah Norris, sergt., Co. E, 16th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. ROBERT ROWE. Robert Rowe was born in Brentwood, N. H., June 12, 1810. He is descended from one Robert Rowe, who resided in Kensington, N. H., prior to 1739. This original Robert was a farmer. He had twelve children, ten sons and two daughters ; he was a cap- tain of militia, and it may be mentioned as a remark- able fact that at one time all of his ten sons were members of his militia company. One of his sons was named Robert, born in Kensington in 1726, mar- ried in 1749 a Miss Abigail Tilton. They had two sons and two daughters,^Robert and Simon, Lovey and Aphia. He also was a farmer, and came to Brentwood between 1739 and 1749, and settled on the farm which the present Robert now owns. He was many years deacon of the Congregational Church, and was very rigid in his behavior and deportment, par- ticularly so in his observance of the Sabbath. He was selectman of his town, and held various other town offices. Simon, his son, was born in Brentwood 1751, and in 1776 married Mary Morrison, of Haver- hill, Mass. Their children were Jonathan, Simon, David, Benjamin, Anna, and Miriam. The last named of the sons is still living in Gilford, N. H. He (Simon) was a farmer, and died in the prime of life. Jonathan, his eldest son, was born in Brent- wood, 1777 ; he married, in 1805, Anna Robinson, ^^/-^'^^ ^-^ 'y^-e— SAMUEL MOKEILL. BRENTWOOD. 135 daughter of Joseph Robinson, of Brentwood. They had three sons,' — Robert, whose portrait appears in connection with this sketch ; Simon, born March 28, 1806 ; and Joseph, born Aug. 6, 1813. Jonathan was a farmer and surveyor ; he was also a teacher of music, and for many years a teacher in the common schools. He led the choir in the Baptist Church forty consecutive years. In politics he was a. Fed- eralist and Whig, was selectman many years, and was one of the prominent local men of his day. He died 1845, his widow surviving him. The present Robert Rowe received whatever educational advan- tages the district schools of his town could furnish, and in addition to this private instruction from his father, under whose tutelage he learned surveying and other branches not then taught in the common schools. He resided on the farm with his father until his seven- teenth year, when he apprenticed himself to one John Fifield to learn carpentering. This apprenticeship continued three years, when young Rowe went to Lynn, Mass., where he worked at his trade three summers, returning home during the winter months and manufacturing clap-boards, having introduced the first machine for that purpose ever used in the town of Brentwood. He continued this business winters and carpentering summers a few years, when he started business where he now continues. He began by manufacturing clap-boards, shingles, doors, sash, and blinds ; this he followed several years, when he added the manufacture of wheels. The business has now grown to large proportions, and under the firm-name of Robert Rowe & Sons they manufacture wheels, bodies, seats, and gears. They employ from fifteen to twenty workmen, and their sales amount to twenty-five or thirty thousand dollars per year. He married, Dec. 25, 1834, Sallj^ T., daughter of Henry Sinclair, of Brentwood ; she was born Sept. 18, 1813. Their children are Harriet E. (deceased), wife of Aaron Brown, of Fremont ; she died leaving one daughter named Nellie. Jonathan S., who enlisted in Company I, Fifth New Hampshire Volunteers, and lost his life at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va. ; James H., Joseph R., and George R. These three sons are in business with their father, and as an evi- dence of the standing of the family in the community, it may be stated that the father and each of the three sons is an incumbent of some town office. In politics Mr. Rowe has always been an outspoken Democrat. Belonging to the weaker political party, he has fre- quently been chosen as its candidate for county oflSces, and always ran ahead of his ticket, thus showing con- clusively the esteem in which he is held by his fellow- citizens. He is a trustee of the Swampscot Savings- Bank of Exeter, and has been from its organization. He is an attendant and supporter of the Baptist Church, and has been through life an enterprising, industrious, persevering man, conscientious in his dealings, economical in his habits, sincere in his friend- ships, unassuming in his manners; with a justifi- able and commendable pride of character and family, he stands a representative of the better type of New England's worthy manhood. Of his three living sons, James H., born Sept. 1, 1844, married, August, 1868, Emma P., daughter of David Little. ^They have two children, Annie and John M. Joseph R., born Jan. 1, 1846, married, Sept. 6, 1871, Abby, daughter of John R. Robinson. They have one child, Lillian. George R., born Feb. 22, 1849, married, July 3, 1870, Betsy J., daughter of Lewis B. Gordon. They have two children, George Russell and Robert G. SAMUEL MORRILL. Samuel Morrill is descended from one Abram Mor- rill, who came from England to Boston, and belonged to what was then called the " Honorable Artillery." William Morrill, Esq., grandfather of Samuel, was born 1735. He was a farmer ; was a Federalist in politics. Married Lydia Trask ; they had eight chil- dren, viz.: Abram, William, Nathaniel, Jonathan, Nancy, Sarah, Eleanor, and . He died Jan. 28, 1812. William Morrill, his son, was born in 1768 ; was reared on farm ; was twice married, first to Mary Gordon, born 1768, died May 26, 1799. They had four children,— Nathaniel, born July 23, 1791, died Nov. 3, 1791 ; Dolly, born April 6, 1794, married Samuel Dudley, died July 30, 1832 ; Zebedee, born July 10, 1796, married Lucy Potter, died Oct. 18, 1854 ; and Mary, born April 25, 1798, married Capt. John Fifield, died Oct. 4, 1861. Capt. William Morrill married for his second wife Elizabeth Dudley, born 1775, died 1865. They had seven children, viz. : Sally Dudley, born April 25, 1798, married Henry Marshall ; Samuel, born March 29, 1803; John Dudley, born July 25, 1805, married, first, Lavinia Robinson, second, Ruth Stevens, died July 10, 1875 ; Anna, born July 20, 1807, died Dec. 30, 1869 ; William, born April 2, 1810, married Mary Ann Tuck, Dec. 20^ 1838, died Nov. 7, 1842 ; Wash- ington, born Jan. 3, 1813 ; Frederick, born Aug. 24, 1815, married Mrs. Annie Hungerford,died Dec. 29, 1872. Capt. William Morrill derives his title from having been captain of a militia company. In politics he was a Whig; he held the various town oflBces in his time, and was a member of the Congregational Church. He died Aug. 22, 1838. William Morrill, Jr., had three children, — Catharine Louisa, born Nov. 5, 1839; Marietta, born March 31, 1841; William Henry, born Oct. 5, 1842, was a member of Company E, Second Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers, and lost his life in the battle of Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862, aged nineteen years. Samuel Morrill, whose portrait appears herewith, grew to manhood on the farm with his father, receiv- ing only such educational advantages as the schools of his native town afforded. At the age of twenty- one he left the paternal home and went to Gilford, 136 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. N. H., and engaged in farming, remaining there about twenty years. He married Miss Lydia Sanborn, of Brentwood, born December, 1802. Tliey have two children, — Chester C, born Aug. 3, 1827, and Caroline F., born July, 1831. Chester C. married Arvilla 0. Eobinson, daughter of Jonathan Robinson, and re- sides now in Sparta, Wis. Mr. Morrill is a Republican in politics, and was representative to Legislature in 1851-52. Has held various town offices, and stands high in the respect and esteem of his acquaintances. He is spending life's autumn at the old homestead, which has been in the possession of the family more than ninety years. JONATHAN MORRILL. Jonathan Morrill is eighth in line of descent from Abraham Morrill, who emigrated from England and settled in the town of Salisbury, Mass., about the year 1660. He was one of the pioneers of that ancient settlement, a man of sterling character, and noted for his many virtues. Jonathan Morrill was born May 28, 1786, in Brentwood, N. H. He received a fairly liberal education for that day, and as he grew up to manhood developed in a marked degree the many virtues for which his ancestors had been noted. He was a farmer, and also for several years was engaged in manufacturing carding-machines for carding wool. He held the office of selectman thirteen years, between the years 1818 and 1845, and also other town offices. He represented Brentwood in the Legislature two years, and was elected to the State Senate in 1843 and 1844. Mr. Morrill was an enterprising and pub- lic-spirited citizen, honest and upright in all his deal- ings, and highly esteemed for his sterling worth and the strict integrity of his character. In politics he was a Democrat. He died leaving behind him one daughter, Sarah M., born May 27, 1834, died May, 1880. She was a very intelligent lady, and among other effects left at her death quite an interesting and extensive cabinet of natural curiosities and an- tiquarian specimens. Justus J. Bean, who inserts accompanying portrait and pays this tribute to the memory of Jonathan Morrill, was born in Danville, N. H., Jan. 28, 1830. He resided there until about six years of age, then went to Raymond, where he remained a while ; thence to Fremont, where he lived till the age of twenty-one. He lived with Albert Brown fifteen years, then came to live with Esq. Morrill, and remained with him to the time of the old gentleman's demise. Upon the death of Mr. Morrill his property descended to his daughter, and a few years later she, dying childless, rewarded the constancy Mr. Bean had shown to the family by bequeathing to him the entire estate, valued at several thousand dollars. SAMUEL PRBSCOTT. Samuel Prescott was born Nov. 10, 1809. His father was Jeremiah Prescott, who was a farmer, and who lived and owned the land where the county farm is now located. He was twice married, and had seven children by first wife and two by latter, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Chase. Samuel was one of the children by this second marriage. His father died when he was about seven years of age, and the family being left in 'poor circumstances, Samuel at the tender age of eight years stepped from under the ancestral roof to seek and carve his own fortune. He passed through many vicissitudes and changed his home many times before he arrived at the age of man- hood. He managed, however, to secure a fair educa- tion at the common schools of his town, and on Jan. 15, 1838, he married Mary E., daughter of Eliphalet Robinson, of Brentwood. She was born Dec. 10, 1818, and they were married by Rev. John Gunnison. Im- mediately after his marriage he went to Newport, Me., and engaged in farming. His health became very poor, however, and after four or five years he gave up farming. He lived in Maine about fourteen years, then returned to his native town and engaged in farming, milling, and also occasionally worked at carriage-building. Their children were as follows : James B., born Oct 8, 1838 ; Samuel C, born April 10, 1843, died Dec. 3, 1854; Mary E., born Oct. 31, 1849; an infant, born June 16, 1859, died a few weeks later ; Howard L., born April 11, 1864. James B. married Hannah D. Clifford, in Boston, Dec. 29, 1860. They have one child, George B., born Aug. 2, 1862. Mary E. married Charles Snyder, of New York City, Nov. 24, 1870, in Brentwood, by Rev. C. D. Sweatt. Children : Charles B., born June 19, 1872, and Byron P., born Sept. 27, 1874. Charles Snyder was born Oct. 8, 1837, in New York City. When he grew up he learned carpentering, and engaged in business with a partner. They were for a time very successful, but just prior to the civil war, when the great financial panic came and nearly all business in New York was suspended, he closed out his shop. Nothing better offering, he enlisted in the Metropolitan police force. In about a year he was appointed to the position of detective, and shortly after to roundsman. After a year or two he was appointed sergeant of police, which position he held to the time of his death, which occurred very suddenly from paralyses. He died in New York City, Nov. 12, 1880, and was brought to and interred in Brentwood Cemetery. Mr. and Mrs. Prescott reside with their daughter, Mrs. Snyder, at the old homestead, and to Mrs. Snyder's credit be it said she surrounds them with all the comforts and conveniences calculated to make their remaining days pass as pleasantly as possible. She has two promising boys, and is giving them the advantages of an education, reasoning rightly that it is the best legacy she can bequeath them. CANDIA. 137 CHAPTER XX. CANDIA.l Geographical — Topographical — Names of Early Settlers — Bounds of the Town — First Town Meeting— Officers Elected — Documentary History — Ecclesiastical History — Free-Will Baptist Church — Methodist Epis- copal Church — Educational — Early Roads — College Graduates — Mili- tary History. The town of Candia lies in the western part of the county, and is bounded as follows : On the north by Deerfleld ; on the east by Raymond ; on the south by Chester and Auburn ; and on the west by Merrimac County. The surface of the town is elevated, and the soil hard of cultivation. The town of Candia was settled in about 1743. Among the pioneers were Daniel McClune, William Turner, Benjamin Smith, Winthrop Wells, John, Theophilus, and Jacob Sargent, Dr. Samuel Moore, Enoch Rowell, and Obededom Hull. William Turner purchased his lot in 1741, and there is a tradition that his daughter Sarah was the first white child born in the town. A petition was presented to the General Assembly, dated March 22, 1763, praying to be set off as a dis- tinct parish, signed by the following persons, who probably constituted most of the voters in town : Benjamin Bachelder, Samuel Moores, Jonathan Hills, Samuel Towle, Nicklus Smith, Jonathan Towle, Na- th' Ingalls, Theophilus Clough, John Karr, Thomas Chretchet, Samuel Eastman, John Clay, Moses Baker, Theop. Sargent, Stephen Webster, Joseph Smith, Jeremiah Bean, Zebedee Berry, Phineas Towle, Wil- liam Turner, Winthrop Wells, Abraham Fitts, Sher- burn Rowe, Aael Quimby, Gilman Dudley, Zachariah Clifford, Enoch Colby, Moses Smart, Nath' Emerson, John Sargent, Jonathan Bean, Benj. Smith, James McClure, Stephen Palmer, Jacob Sargent, Ichabod Eobie, Elisha Bean, David Hills. The prayer was granted and a charter given, dated Dec. 17, 1763. The boundaries were as follows : "Beginning at the North East Corner of said Parish, on the Line of the Township of Nottingham at a Hemloclc tree, at the head of the Old Hundred-acre Lotts; then runs South twenty Nine Degrees West, join- ing to said lotts as they are Entered on the Proprietors' Records, about four miles to a stake and stones; then West North West to a Maple Tree, being the North East bounds of the Lott Number forty-three, in the Second part of the Second Division, and continuing the same course by towerhill pQnd to a stake and stones, what completes five miles and a lialf upon this course; then North Twenty Nine Degrees East to a Pitch Pine, which is the South West Boundary of the Eighty acre lott in the Third Division, Number one hundred twenty-three; then North twenty Nine Degrees East to Nottingham Line, and then on that Line to the Hemlock Tree first mentioned." Samuel Emerson, Esq., was appointed to call the first meeting. The meeting was holden March 13, 1764. Moderator, Dr. Samuel Moores. Parish Clerk, Dr. Samuel Moores. Constable, Winthrop Wells. 1 Condensed from Rev. Benjamin Chase's excellent '* History of Chester." Selectmen, Lieut. Benjamin Bachelder, John Sar- gent, .Jeremiah Bean. Tythingman, John Clay. Surveyors of Highways, Lieut. Samuel Towl, Moses Baker, Elisha Bean, Zebedee Berry. Fence- Viewers, Matthew Ramsey, Stephen Web- ster. Hawards, Stephen Palmer, Moses Smart. Deer Inspectors, Theophilus Clough, Jonathan Bean. Committee to Examine the Selectmen's Accompts, Stephen Webster, Walter Robie, Nathaniel Emerson. On the first leaf of the old records is the following: *' A Parish Book of Records, No, 1, Kept by Samuel Moores, Esq., from the Incorporation of said Parish up to October, 1793, and at his Decease succeeded by Samuel Moores, Jr., and kept until March, 1798; and then by Walter Robie, Esq., until March, 1806 ; and then by Richard Emer- son until the month of October, 1806, when he Deceased ; and then by John Lane until March, 1820; and then by Peter Eaton until March, 1831 ; and then by Frederick Fitts until March, 1832 ; and then by S. A. Sargent until March, 1836; and then by Dr. Samuel Sargent until Feb. 1840." The old book closed in 1807. The selectmen the first year charge: "Paid Asahel Quimby for a qonstab)e's staff, £4." This was old tenor, equal to about sixty-seven cents. The staff is now in possession of Edmund Hills, Esq. It is of hard wood, about eighteen inches long, and an inch and a half in diameter, stained black, with a pewter ferule about three inches long on one end. It was a badge of office. The town was formerly called Channingfare, the first visitors being so well pleased with its site as a place of residence. It received its present name in honor of Governor Benning Wentworth, who was once a pris- oner on the Isle of Candia in the Mediterranean Sea. Building the.Meeting-House.— At a meeting of the parish, held Sept. 8, 1766, " Voted, to build a meeting House. " Voted, that the meeting house Shall be set on or near the North west corner of the Parsonage lot, so called. " Voted, that the meeting house frame Shall be Begun upon the 22 Day of this instant September; John Clay, Walter Robie, Esq., Benja. Cass, Moses Baker, Jonathan Bean, Nathl. Emerson, and Abraham Fitts, a Committee." They voted to raise sixty pounds, to be paid in work at two shillings and sixpence per day for com- mon hands, or in lumber, and to hire workmen, etc., the frame to be completed by the last day of October. If any did not pay in work or lumber the constable was to collect it in money. The house was to be forty-five feet wide and fifty-five feet long. Five pounds lawful money was voted to be raised, to be used by the committee, if needed. At a meeting, Oct. 20, 1766, " Toted, that the Selectmen shall Assess a Sufficient Sum to finish the meeting house Fraim. " Voted, That there Be Provided for Raising Supper, Codfish, Potatoes, and Butter." At a meeting, Feb. 5, 1767, it was voted to sell the pew-ground for the wall pews, and William Baker, i:^8 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Dr. Samuel Moores, and William Turner were chosen a committee to sell it, and take care that the frame be boarded, shingled, and underpinned. The pew- ground was sold Feb. 19, 1767. Sept. 17, 1767, it was voted " to sell the ground for six more pews behind the men's and women's seats, in order to finish the outside of the meeting-house this fall as far as said pew-ground will go." It was sold Oct. 1, 1767. The purchase was to be paid in mer- chantable pine boards at eighteen shillings per thou- sand, and shingles at seven shillings per thousand, by the first day of June. The second sale, the same articles at the market price. Nov. 23, 1767, it was voted " that the meeting-house shall be glazed this fall, as soon as may be conveniently done by way of assessment," and liberty was given to cut timber on the parsonage and school lots to make red-oak hogshead staves to defray the expense, " to be three feet eight inches long, and delivered at the meeting-house by the tenth day of February next.'' Aug. 28, 1769, voted that the ineeting-house com- mittee build the men's and women's seats in the meet- ing-house. June 15, 1773, voted that there shall be a pulpit built in six months. Jonathan Bagley dissented. Feb. 21, 1775, it was voted to sell ground for pews in the gallery to the highest bidder, and the finishing the meeting-house to the lowest bidder. March 9, 1779, "Voted that the Seats Shall be made in the Galleries, and the Brest work lined this season." July 21, 1783, it was voted " that y° Brest work and seats in the Galleries in the meeting house be Built the Present Year." The committee "Shall Build a pew in the front Galleries, from Pillar to Pillar, for the use of Singers." March 29, 1796, the question was taken about build- ing a steeple and porch, and negatived, fifty-two to fifty-nine, but a vote was passed to give up the stair- way and sell it for pew-ground, to go towards build- ing a steeple and porch, provided a sufficient number of men can be found to build the rest of the steeple and porch. They were built. March 9, 1802, it was voted to raise one hundred and twenty-five dollars to be annexed to what is sub- scribed towards purchasing a bell. It seems that Maj. Samuel Moore had purchased a weathercock of Mr. Jones, of Newburyport, and had failed to pay him ; in 1802 the town voted to pay him. The old house was burned Jan. 25, 1828, and the present one built the same year. Hiring and Settling Ministers. — In the select- men's account for 1764 is an item, " Paid John Clay for boarding the minister, £4.'' 1765. " Paid Mr. Gilman for preaching fourteen sabbaths £14. Theophilus Sargent going to Exeter after a minister, 5s. Lieut. Baohelder, going to Hampton after a minister, 4s. Theo. Clough, for going after a minister, 5s." 1766. Mr. Gilman, preaching twelve Sabbaths. Mr. Hillard, preaching four Sabbaths. There were some Presbyterians in the parish who probably asked not to be rated, and it was voted, " Concerning those persons that call themselves Presbyterians, past in the negative." 1767. John Clay, Ichabod Robie, and Moses Baker were chosen a committee to hire a minister, and Mr. Webster was paid for fifteen Sabbaths, £18. 1768. The former committee was re-elected, and £20 voted to hire preaching, and Mr. Gilman paid for fifteen and Mr. Hall two Sabbaths. Mr. Clay is paid for boarding Mr. Hall and his horse two weeks, and John Clay, Esquire Robie, Moses Baker, Ichabod Robie, and Abraham Fitts are paid for going after ministers. June 8, 1768. " Voted, that there Shall be a minister Settled as soon as may be Conveniently done. "Voted, that the Comt" that is appointed to hire Preaching, shall ap- point a day of Fasting and grayer, in order to the Calling of a Grospel minister, and hire a minister upon probation or trial. " Voted, that the Parish have Pitched upon Mr. Tristram Gilman as a minister, that the Committee shall hire upon trial in order to for settle- ment." September, 1768, they voted to give Mr. Gilman " forty pounds for 1769 ; add two pounds ten shillings per ann. until it amounts to sixty pounds; that he shall have the improvement of half of the parsonage, and to bring more into cultivation, and to build a house suitable for a minister as soon as may be (con- veniently done) ; afterwards, £5 per ann., till it amounts to £70." November 7th, they voted him the whole of the parsonage. Mr. Gilman declined the call. June 29, 1769, voted to raise £20, lawful, to be laid out in preaching, and Walter Robie, Dr. Samuel Moores, and Benjamin Cass were chosen a committee to lay out the money. Voted to make choice of one of the three ministers for further trial, and a " uni- versal Choice" made of Mr. Jonathan Searle. Aug. 28, 1769, the parish gave Mr. Searle a call, and ofiered him £40 and the use of the parsonage, and bring thirty acres under improvement and find him a convenient dwelling-house. Mr. Searle gave a negative answer. Mr. Searle is paid for preaching ten Sabbaths, Mr. Joseph Currier for two, and Mr. Thomas Lancaster for four Sabbaths. Nov. 26, 1770, it was voted "to give Mr. David Jewett a call to the work of the ministry amongst us, and to give him £50, lawful, the first year, and add £5 per year until it amounts to £65 per year, and that to be his stated salary, with the income of the parsonage ; to finish the house, build a barn, and dig a well as soon as can conveniently be done." Mr. Jewett's answer was in the affirmative, and is upon the records. Feb. 5, 1771, it was voted that he he ordained the first Wednesday of September next. March 11, 1777, CANDIA. IHl) "Voted, that all those persona that have heretofore Joined with the Baptist Society in Deerfleld, bring a Oertiiicate within two months from this Date, from the assessors of said Baptist Society, that they were rated there, then the Selectmen of this parish are to make a Draw back of the minister rate the present year." In the parish accounts the rates of the following persons were abated for 1776, they being Baptists : Benjamin Rowel, Benjamin Carr, Capt. John Sargent, Ensign Jonathan Bagley, Eobert Smart, Jonathan Woodman, Edward Critchet, Thomas Critchet, and William Turner. Feb. 8, 1779, " Voted that the Parish Desires tar. Jewett to ask a Dis- mission from this People of the Pastoral Care and Charge he has taken upon him." A committee was at the same time chosen to treat with Mr. Jewett. Money had depreciated in value, and in consequence, probably, Mr. Jewett asked for more salary. May 27, 1779, "Voted unanimously not to make any addition to mr. Jewett's Salary for the Present year." " Voted, to Chnse a Committee of seven to Confer with mr. Jewett, and see what he will take as to his Civil Contract with this People, and ask a Dismission by way of a Council from the Pastoral Care and Charge he had taken upon him." Mr. Jewett probably made a communication, for June 10, " Voted, not to act any thing upon the paper or letter Subscribed to the moderator of this, and Signed by mr. Jewet, and read at this meet- ing." Another committee was chosen and empowered to settle with Mr. Jewett as to the civil contract. March 6, 1780, a vote was taken respecting making Mr. Jewett satisfaction by making up his salary. jSTegatived, forty-four to eighteen. It appears that Mr. Jewett had made a proposition in writing to submit the matters in controversy to a mutual council of five statesmen. The parish chose the latter, and raised a committee of five to give and take bonds. The referees were chosen, but a part of them declined to attend, and Judge Weare advised another trial for settlement. Mr. Jewett made a long communication, and the parish voted to comply with his proposals. The currency had depreciated, and Mr. Jewett had built wall on the parsonage, which he claimed pay for. He was dismissed, and I have no further knowledge of him. March 13, 1781, it was voted not to raise any money to hire preaching, but the deacons were chosen a com- mittee to lay out the money subscribed. Jan. 7, 1782, it was voted to employ the Rev. Mr. Prince for the term of six or seven years "to preach amongst us." He was to have the use of the parson- age, and a hired hand six months in each year. He was blind. He preached seven years. His son Caleb resided in Candia, and was a deacon many years. May 23, 1789, " Voted to hire Mr. How to preach three months." July 12, 1790, it was voted, seventy-six to twelve, to give the Rev. Jesse Remington a call, and give him the use of the parsonage and sixty pounds lawful money, and draw him twenty cords of wood yearly, with the privilege of cutting on the parsonage what should be sufficient in addition to keep his fires. He was ordained Oct. 20, 1790 ; died March 3, 1815. Rev. Isaac Jones was ordained Feb. 7, 1816; dis- missed May 12, 1818. Rev. Abraham Wheeler was installed Jan. 13, 1819 ; dismissed Oct. 29, 1832. Rev. Charles P. Russell, ordained Dec. 25, 1833 ; dismissed May 26, 1841. Rev. William Murdoch, ordained Dec. 1, 1841 ; dis- missed July 5, 1854. Rev. William T. Herrick, installed July 5, 1854 ; dismissed July 2, 1858. Rev. E. N. Hidden, installed Nov. 2, 1859 ; dis- missed Deo. 31, 1864. Oct. 10, 1865, a call was extended to Rev. Lauren Armsby, formerly of Chester. The number of church-members in 1816 was twenty- eight; in 1822, seventy; in 1823, one hundred and eighty-two; in 1824, two hundred and "fifteen; in 1857, two hundred and sixty-eight. In 1869 a church organ was purchased at an ex- pense of four hundred and fifty dollars. Union or Free Will Society and Church.— There was quite an interest in religion near the mountain in Nottingham in 1799, which extended into the neighboring towns, and in 1802 a church was organ- ized, the members living in Nottingham, Deerfleld, Candia, and Raymond. There was another revival in 1810, and another in 1815. Moses Bean, a son of Reuben Bean, of Candia, was ordained at Deerfield, 1810. The first marriage solemnized by him on record is May 1, 1810. He built the meeting-house at the village about 1816, after the revival. In 1818 the church was divided, the brothers and sisters in Deer- field and Nottingham forming one church, and those in Candia and Raymond forming another, but giving to every individual liberty to belong to the church he or she desired. They entered into covenant and con- stituted a church, which is signed in behalf of the church by Jeremiah Fullonton. There is a catalogue dated 1821 (although some w.ere added later), containing about two hundred and twenty names, some belonging to Deerfield and some to Epping. In the record of a church meeting, Au- gust, 1820, it is said that five were baptized and " above one hundred spoke in meeting." At a church meet- ing May 24, 1824, it was agreed to divide the church by the town line, and those near the line have liberty to join which church they should desire. Samuel Dudley was chosen deacon, and William Turner, clerk. Sept. 9, 1830, agreed to a new covenant, and sixty-three names are appended. The new meeting-hodse was built in 1847. The basement and vestry cost $400, and the superstructure cost $1500. The following are among the preachers employed : Previous to the division the name of Elder David Harriman is frequently found. Elder Moses Bean 140 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. was the son of Reuben Bean, and grandson of David Bean, and seems to have been in a sense the father of the church, as he built the first meeting-house, and it was voted Nov. 17, 1824, " to receive Elder Moses Bean as pastor of this church." Nov. 15, 1830, Elder Bean resigned and Elder J. Knowles was called ; dis- missed, and Elder B. S. Manson chosen ; dismissed April 4, 1839, and Elder S. P. Furnald chosen ; dis- missed, and Elder S. Whitney chosen. Methodist Episcopal Church and Society.— Moses Colby came from Hawke (Danville) in 1806, and pur- chased the John Sargent place. He was the first , Methodist in Candia, and his children have ever been eflBcient supporters of that denomination. Others moved into town or became Methodists and retained their connection with or joined the churches of Hawke, Poplin, andSandown. When the church was organized at Chester, now Auburn, they generally united with that and constituted a class. A society and church were formed in Candia in 1859, and they then erected fi place of worship, with a stone basement for a vestry, at the expense of $1500. There is a membership of about forty, and they have been regularly supplied»with a Conference preacher : Henry Nutter, 1859 ; Lorenzo Draper, 1860-61 ; James Adams, 1862-63 ; N. H. Chase, 1864-65; James Adams, 1866 ; Silas Green, 1867-69. Schools. — At a meeting April 4, 1764, "Voted £100, old tenor, to Hire Schooling." The selectmen paid Dr. Moore for keeping school, £40. In 1765, £200 was voted and paid Daniel Row for keeping school ; £9 3s. M. to Zachariah Clifford or his wife for keeping school. In 1766 they voted to raise £250, old tenor, or £12 10s. lawful money, equal thereto, to hire schooling. They paid Master Haselton for keep- ing school one month, £2 ; paid Isaac Clifford's wife for keeping school, six weeks and one day, 17s. ; Zach- ariah Cliff'ord's wife, 12s. ; Mr. Bowen, for keeping school, £1 16s. 9d. Money is paid that year to the south quarter, to the southeast quarter, to the centre quarter, to the west quarter, and to the northeast quarter. In 1767 Master Shaw is paid for keeping school in the south quarter. Esquire Moore and Nathaniel Emerson in the centre quarter ; and Israel Oilman's wife in the northeast quarter. There was a Paul Jewett who kept school several years; also Richard Clifford's wife, Samuel Buswell, and Ezekiel Worthen. In 1773 a motion was made to hire a grammar school master (that is, one to teach the languages) ; negatived. " ADd likewise it is voted that y» Parish Does Except [accept] of a Beading and writing School this Present year, and that Each Quarter Bespeotively shall have the Liberty to Choose there own School master upon ye Proviso the m^or Part of Each Quarter Shall be agreed in one Person within the Space of ten Days from this Date, and make applica- tion to the Selectmen to Employ him." In 1744, Abraham Fitts, Master Forsaith, Master Otis, Mrs. Hazzard, Mrs. Rendall, and Mrs. Cram are teachers. In 1778, £80 lawful was raised for schooling. In 1782, paper money being nearly worthless, it was voted to raise one hundred silver dollars for schooling. The present division of Candia into thirteen school districts was made in 1844, but it does not appear by the records what proportion of money each district has had. Candia has made liberal expenditures for schools ; has had, besides the town schools, a high school in the fall a large portion of the time ; and the town, as will be seen, has furnished a large number of gradu- ates and professional men. Votes passed by the Parish of Candia respect- ing the Revolutionary War.— July 18, 1774, Abra- ham Fitts was chosen to meet at Exeter on the 21st to join in the choice of delegates to the General Congress. Jan. 3, 1775, Lieut. Moses Baker was chosen to represent the parish in a meeting at Exeter on the 25th instant. Walter Robie, Esq., Capt. Nathaniel Emerson, Dr. Samuel Moore, Mr. Benjamin Cass, and Mr. Jacob Worthen were chosen a committee to inspect all per- sons who do not conform to the advice of the late General Congress. " Voted, to buy a barrel of powder, flints, and lead, answerable there- to as a Parish stock, " Voted, Capt. Emerson, Lieut. Baker, and Ens. Bean Desire all the males in Oai^dia, from sixteen to sixty years old, to meet at Some Con- venient time at the meeting-house in Candia, in order for viewing with arms and ammunition. " Voted, that the People, as above mentioned, shall meet at the meet- ing house in Candia this day fortnight, at one of the Clock in the after- noon." Feb. 21, 1775,— " Voted, that the Parish Do Confirm y= Transactions of the last meet- ing and approve of what the Committee of Inspection have Drawn up, Eelating to y" affairs of the Present Day, and made an addition to y» Committee of inspection of four Persons, (Viz.) Dea. Nathi Burpee, Mr. Abrm. Fitts, Lieut. Moses Baker, and mr. Ichabod Kobie." May 11, 1775, Dr. Samuel Moore was chosen to represent the parish in the Provincial Congress, to be held at Exeter, May 17th. June 14, 1775, Capt. Nathaniel Emerson, Lieut. Moses Baker, and Dr. Samuel Moores were chosen a committee to consult with the several officers, towns, parishes, or committees out of the same what way or manner shall be thought best to regulate the militia in this regiment according to the direction of Congress. April 3, 1777, ten dollars each year was voted to each of those eighteen persons who had enlisted for three years, and a committee chosen to collect the money (if any) which had been subscribed. At an adjournment April 8th ten dollars to each was added to the above. A committee was also chosen to inquire and see how much time and money each person has expended in supporting the war since the Concord fight. The committee reported as follows, which was accepted : CANDIA. 141 " Concorii men, Is. per day and extra charges. " 8 months men, with Lient. Emerson, 4 dollars each. " 8 months men, with Lieut. Dnstin, 2 dollars each. " Winter Hill men, with Cwpt. Baker, 1 dollar each. " 1 year's men to York 8 dollars ; those to Delaware, 2 dollars each. " 'iy men, 13^ dollars each. " New York men last fall, 2 dollars each. " Joseph Bean to Canada, 20 dollars," May 19, 1777, Moses Baker, Walter Robie, Abra- ham Fitts, I. Eowe, and Benjamin Cass were chosen a committee to afiBx and settle the prices of goods and articles in the parish of Candia, in pursuance of an act in addition to the regulation act. (See in the History of Chester for 1779, pp. 142, 148.) Jan. 19, 1778, a committee was appointed to pro- cure our quota of Continental soldiers for three years or during the war, and at an adjournment in Febru- ary another committee of five was chosen to make further trial. April 20th, the committee was instructed to make further trial, and hire money and pursue the business without lo.ss of time. Aug. 3, 1778, a committee was chosen to make in- quiries respecting the families of those in the Conti- nental service for three years, and supply them with the necessaries of life. Aug. 19, 1779, it was voted to adopt measures sim- ilar to the town of Portsmouth, and use the utmost of our power in reducing the prices of the necessaries of life, and gain the credit of our currency. Capt. Sargent and John CliflFord were chosen delegates to attend a convention at Concord. Oct. 26, 1779, it was voted to comply with the prices that the late convention stated, and a com- mittee of seven was chosen to state prices upon arti- cles which the convention did not, and to carry the sanne into execution. July 4, 1780, a committee was chosen to hire twelve soldiers by way of a parish tax. A committee was also chosen to make an average of what every person had done in the war since if commenced. July 10, 1780, a committee was chosen to assist the selectmen in procuring our quota of beef for the Continental army. Nov. 14, 1781, it was voted that the selectmen make a tax in Indian corn to pay the six- and three- months' men. There had been several votes passed respecting raising soldiers, which had proved inef- fectual. June 17, 1782, it was voted to divide the parish into as many classes as will supply the de^oiency, and if any class or person refuse to pay their proportion for hiring a soldier they shall pay double, to be assessed by the selectmen. College Graduates.— The following were graduates of Dartmouth; David Pillsbury, 1827; Frederick Parker, 1828; John H. Quimby, 1829; William H. Duncan, 1830 ; Moses H. Fitts, 1831 ; Ephraim Eaton, Jesse Eaton Pillsbury, 1838 ; Richard E. Lane, 1841 ; Lorenzo Clay, 1843; Moses Patten, 1850; John D. Emerson, 1853 ; Jonathan C. Brown, 1853 ; Daniel D. Patten, 1855; Samuel C. Bean, 1858; Joseph F. Dudley, 1858; Albert Palmer, 1858 ; C. C. Sargent, Samuel F. French, Wilson Palmer, and Alanson Palmer, 1860 ; William R. Patten, 1861 ; Luther W. Emerson, 1862 ; George H. French, 1863 ; and Charles Hubbard, 1865. The following are graduates of other colleges : James P. Lane, Amherst; Alvah Smith, Michigan University ; and Henry E. Morrill, Wesleyan Uni- versity. The following is a list of professional men natives of Candia not graduates of colleges : Moses Palmer, minister; Moses Bagley, Isaiah Lane, Thomas Wheat, Franklin Fitts, J. W. Robie, J. F. Fitts, physician ; Jacob Read and J. T. Moore, lawyers ; and James H. Eaton. There are living in this town 104 persons who are over 70 years of age : 70 between 70 and 80 years ; 31 between 80 and 90 years, and three over 90 years ; one has arrived at the age of 100 years ; 49 of the above are males, 55 are females. In the above are 14 widowers and 31 widows, and three who were never married, two females and one male. There are living in this town 24 persons who have represented the town in the State Legislature. There were 26 deaths in this town in 1881, 15 males and 11 females ; 8 were over 80 years, and 5 between 70 and 80. Military Record, 1861-65.— The following en- listed prior to any bounty being paid by the town : J. Lane Fitts. Charles Turner. Stephen Dearhorn, killed at James Horace Dearborn. Island. Albert Harlow. George Emerson, killed at Freder- Chester 0. Smith. icksburg. J. Henry Wortben. Wells C. Haines, wounded at Bull John Sullivan. Run, taken prisoner, and died at Stephen Fifield. Bichnioud. John G. Burbeck. David Bedee. William Bedee. Richard B. Brown. John Brennard. Francis Fifield. Edmund J. Langley. Lewis B. Carr. Edwin J. Godfrey. George W. Clay. Rufus Ward. Henry Buzzell. Lorenzo Fifield. William Norton. Richard Norton. Lucien Carr. William Robinson. James Gannon. George Robinson. William Daniels. George A. Turner. Guilford Batchelder. E. Morrill. David R. Daniels, died in army. David Dudley, died in Maryland. John Hall. William Roberts. Charles B. Carr. E. Matthews. Charles Robinson. David Norton, Jr. Henry Norton. . Reuben Batchelder. The following is a li.st of names of those who re- ceived a bounty of three hundred dollars each at the time Capt. W. R. Patten enlisted his company. Here is the receipt: ** We severally acknowledge to have received from the town of Candia the sums set to our names, agreeable to the vote of the town passed August 14th, 1862, to encourage volunteer enlistments into the service of the United States for the term of three years." William R. Patten, captain. Robert Clark. William Clark, sickened in the Ansell Emerson. army, returned to Concord and R. Baxter Brown, let lieut. died. Henry W. Rowe. 142 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Lewellyn Wallace, died in army. Charles R. Rowe. George W. Hartford. Edwin Haines. Frank Sovaine. Edward B. Robinson. Thomas 0. Runnells. Oliver Haynes. George Mead, died. Dexter Read. Woodbury Hartford. Joel P. Bean, returned, died. JesBe D. Bean. N. F. Brown. Daniel Brown, Jr., died. E. W. F088. C. R. Stacy. Charles E. Wason. Manson M. Bricket. Levi Barker, Jr. Frederick F. Emerson. Charles M, Lane. Nathaniel Hardy, died. Charles C. Page. Leonard F, Dearborn. George W. Griflfin. Heman 0. Mathews. Charles 0. Brown. E. F. Brown, died. N. J. Dearborn. Bufus Ward. Bxekiel Shurtleff. John H. Harrison. Thomas J. Morrill. Joseph L. Gleason. Albert M. Morrill. Augustus B. Gile. James H. Morrill. Charles A. Jones. Hiram G. Gleason. George C. Fifield. Asa E. Buswell. John A. Gile Daniel C. Davis. Woodbury D. Dearborn. Reuben H. Dunn. George W. Brown, Jr. William Collins. The following is a list of volunteers for nine months, who were paid a bounty of one hundred and 0fty dollars each : Levi Barker, Andrew J. Mead, Daniel B. Langley, Edward P. Lane, died at New Orleans, Henry T. Eaton, Walter W. Bean, Franklin Clay, John H. Bean, Samuel C. Nay, P. Gerrish Robinson, Daniel Hall, died at New Orleans, Fred- erick Clay, Joseph Avery, George W. Taylor, Charles W. Hoit, John A. Haines. LIST OP VOLUNTEERS UNDER THB CALL OF OCT. 17, 1863. Patrick Donnelly. Carl Neagle. Augnstua Archer. Charles Smith. Edward Black. John Wilson. John Brown. Horace Colburn. Nelson Hurd. George Smith. George C. Brown. John Nelson. Martin Bapee. Frederick McPherson. James Webber. Charles Fifield. SUBSTITUTES FOR DRAFTED MEN. James O'Donnel. Carlz Fitzrun, James Sullivan. Thomap Marks. John Stevens. James Hau. The above were paid three hundred dollars each by the town. The following is a list of those enlisted in 1864 who were paid a bounty of four hundred dollars : James Thomas. James Wright. George Bower. Charles Dearborn. William Robinson. Alexander White. Nicholas Johnson. Willie F. Eaton. A. Frank Patten. Reuben H. Fitts. Thomaa Harvey. Edward Bailor. Malcolm McKinna. George A. Turner. Richard Howard. Robert Field. Cyrus W. Truel. John H. Brown. Orlando Brown. Samuel C. Nay. The following enlisted under the vote to pay six hundred dollars bounty : John C. Fifield. Lewis H. Cate. George L. Merrifield. Lewis D. Moore. John H. Mears. Orestes J, Bean. William G. Fitts. John L. Quimby. Samuel L. Carr. Frank G. Bui-siel. The following is a list of substitutes furnished by enrolled men, to each of which the town paid a bounty of three hundred dollars : Joseph B. Quimby. Thomas Smith. John'Logan. Frank Rogers. James Cheney. James Green. Edmund Boyle. Charles Fuller. John Curdines. Frank Stanton. James Webb. William H. Williams. John Haynes. Jacob Shenan. CHAPTER XXL CHBSTER.i Geographical — Topographical — Proprietor — Early Votes — Petition for Grant of the Town— Names of Petitions— The Royal Charter— Names of Original Grantees — Early Families — Pioneer Mills — Pioneer Schools — College Graduates — Physicians — Attorneys — Ecclesiastical History — The Presbyterian Church — The Congregational Church — Baptist Church — The Methodist Episcopal Church. Chester lies in the western part of the county and is bounded as follows : On the north by Candia and Raymond, on the east by Fremont and Sandown, on the south by Sandown and Derry, and on .the west by Auburn. This town was granted to a number of residents of the towns of Portsmouth and Hampton. They were known as **The Society for Settling the Chestnut Country," as this section was then called. At a meeting of the proprietors, held Oct. 15, 1819, the following votes were passed : " 1«*, Voted, That Capt. Henry Sherliurne be Moderator. " 2diy, Voted, That Joseph Tilton be Clerk of the Society. "3^iy, Voted, That Capt. Henry Sherburne be Receiver. "4tiJiy, Voted, That Jose,ph Tilton, Ichabod Robie, Caleb Tole, Clement Hughes, Capt. Henry Sherburne, Epli. Dennet and Jacob Stanyon, be a Committee to manage the affairs of the Society; And That the b^ Com- mittee Shall have power to Call meetings of the Society as often as they Shall Think Necessary, and to act in all other matters that they Shall Think proper for the good of the whole Society. " Stiiir, Voted, That Ichabod Robie, Jacob Stanyan, Caleb Tole & Mich- ael Whidden be a Committee to Lay out the Lotts. " etiiij. Voted, That all priviledges of Streams shall be Reserved for y« Use of the Society. "Ythij^ Voted, That the Number of tlie Society for the settling Shall not Exceed ninety persons. " 8ti»iJ, Voted, That the Committee Shall have power to admit Snch as they Shall Think proper till the afure"* number of ninety be Completed. " gthiy^ Voted, That Three men Shall be kept upon the spot at the charge of the Society." At a meeting of the Society for Settling the Chest- nut Country, held at Hampton, the 20th of December, 1719, "Voted, That in case of a warr with the Indiana before the Three years Limited for the Settling of the Chesnut Country be Expired, the Same Time of Three years shall be allowed after a conclusion of a Peace with tlie Indians for the s"* settlement." " At the Same Time the Propri" drew their home Lotts." Petition for the Grant.— The petition for the grant for a township in " y® Chestnutt Country" was presented "to his Excellency Samuel Shute, Esq., Cap. Gen" & Comman^"" in Chief in and over His Majesty's Province of New Hampshire, &c., and the 1 Condensed by permission from Rev. Benjamin Chase's excellent '• History of Chester." We also acknowedge our indebtedness to Mr. Chase for additional data. CHESTER. 143 Hon"" the Council, now sitting in Council at Ports- mouth," Sept. 24, 1719, and was signed by the follow- ing persons : Thomas Phipps, Henry Shurburne, Jo- seph Pierce, Benjamin Gambling, Thomas Packer, Joseph Sherburne, Joseph Tilton, Clement Hughes, Nathaniel Batchelder, Jr., Samuel Plaisted, John Cram, EJeazer Russell, Philemon Blake, Samuel Hart, Jacob Stanyan, Ephraim Dennett, Rcibert Row, Sr., John Preston, David Tilton, Benjamin Sanborn, Reuben Sanborn, Joseph Sanborn, John Morrison, James Prescott, Samuel Blake, Jr., Jona- than Prescott, Jr., Nathaniel Healey, Richard San- born, Nathaniel Sanborn, Richard Clifford, Joseph Batchelder, George Veazi, Jr., John Sealy, Jonathan Sanborn, Jethro Tilton, Nathan Longfellow, Ichabod Robie, Samuel Sanborn, Edward Sanborn, Jacob Green, John Prescott, Jr., Henry Dyea, Zachariah Clifford, Benjamin Field, Joseph Batchelder, Jr., Sherburne Tilton, Samuel Blake, Sr., Benjamin Fogg, Edward Gilman, Joseph Love, John Searll, Jacob Gilman, William Godfree, Joseph Young, Ne- hemiah Leavitt, Ephraim Hoit, John Morrison, Abra- ham Sanborn, Samuel Elkins, Israel Blake, Robert Wade, Jr., William Healey, Jeremiah Sanborn, Charles Stuart, Daniel Tilton, Enoch Sanborn, Thomas Veazi, Daniel Lovering, Joshua Prescott, Ebenezer Lovering, John Cass, Jonathan Robinson, Daniel Ladd, Reuben Smith, Abner Hertiman, Thomas Veazi, Jr., Samuel Prescott, Nathaniel Ste- vens, Jr., Nathaniel Bachelder, Sr., James Leavit, John Ladd, William Stevens, Porch*., Oliver Smith, Jonathan Plummer, Edward Fifield, John Smith, John Gilman, Jr., Benjamin Tole, John Knowles, Caleb Tole, Samuel Veazi, Abraham Drake, Benja- min Veazi, Samuel Smith, Thomas Veazi, Jr., Thomas Garton, Nicholas Norris, James Purckins, John Norris, .Jacob Moulton, Nicholas Seavy, Jona- than Nason, Thomas Rollins, Elisha Smith, Joseph Lorrane, Jonathan Dearborn, John Roberts, Thomas Leavitt, Moses Norris, Sr., James Fogg. The Royal Charter. — The charter of the town was dated May 8, 1722, as follows-: ' Geohge by the Grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defend' of the Faith, etc.; " To all Ppople to whom these preBents Shall come, Greeting. Know y That we of our Especial Knowledge and meer motion, for the due en- couragement of Settling anew plantation, by and with the a^d-vice of our Council, have given and granted and by these pi^sentB aa farr as in us lies do give and Grant, in Equall Shares unto Sundry of our beloved Sub- jects, whose names are Entered in a Schedule hereunto annexed. That Inhabit or Shall Inhabit within the said Grant within our Province of New 3amp=, all That Tract of Land within the lollowing bounds: (Viz. to begin at Exeter Southerly Corner bounds and from thence run upon a West and by North point two miles along Kingston northerly Line to Kingston North Corner bounds, then upon a South point three miles along Kingston head Line to Kingston South Comer bounds, then upon a West Northwest point Ten miles into the country, Then to begin again at the aforesaid Exeter Southwardly Corner bounds and run seven miles upon Exeter head Line upon a Northeast point half a point more Northerly, Then fourteen miles into the Country upon a west Northwest point to the river Merrimack, and from thence upon a Straight Line to the End of the aforesi Ton-Mile line ; and that the same he a Town Corphrated by the name of Chester to the persons afores'^, for ever To have and to hold tlie said Land, to the Grantees and their Heirs and assigns forever, and to Such associatea as they Shall admit upon the Fol- lowing Conditions ; " 1. That Every proprietor build a Dwelling House within Three years and Settle a Familley Therein, breack up Three acres of Ground and plant or Sow yo same within four years, and pay his proportion of the Town Charge when and so often as Occasion shall require the same. "2. That a meeting House he built for the Public worship of God within the said Term of four years. "3. That upon defaultof any particular Proprietor in Complying with the Conditions of this Charter upon his part. Such Delinquent proprietor Shall forfeit his Share to the other Proprietors, which Shall he Disposed according to yo major vote of the Said Comoners at a Legall meeting. " i^^^r. That a Proprietor's .Share he reserved for a Parsonage ; another for the first minister of the Gospell ; another for the Beneiit of a School. " PROVijjEn nevei'theless that the Peace with the Indians Continue during tlie aforesaid Term of Three years ; but' if it should so happen a warr witli the Indians Should commence before the Expiration of the afores"! Term of Three years, the aforesaid Term of three years Shall be allowed to the Proprietors after the Expiration of the warr for the per- formance of the aforesaid Conditions, Rendering and paying therefor to us, our Heirs and Successors, or Such otl)er officer or oflBcers as shall be appointed to receive the same, The annual quit rent of acknowledgem^of one pound of Good merch^e Hemp in the said Town on the Twentietli of December yearly forever; reserving also unto us, our Heirs and Sritces- Bors, all masf Trees growing on said Land — according to acts of Parlia- ment in that behalf made and provided, and for the better order. Rule, and Government of the said Town we do by these p'sents Grant for us, our Heirs, and Successors, unto the said men & Inhabitants, or those that shall Inhabit the Said Town, That yearly & every year upon the last Thursday in march forever, they shall meet to Elect and Chuse by the major part of them Constables, Selectmen, and all other Town officers, according to the Laws and usage of our afors** Province, for the year en- suing, with Such Power, priviledges and authority as other Town ofBcers within our aforesaid Province have and Enjoy. ^ *' In WittnesB whereof we have Caused the seal of our Said Province to tie hereunto annexed. Wittness, Sam" Shute, Esqr, our Governour & Coraniand''-in-Chief of our Said Province, at our Town of Portsmouth the 8^^ day of may in the Eighth year of our reign, an noq. Domini 1722. " By HiB Excellency's Comand "y/th advice of the Council. '*Sam" Shute. " B. Waldbon, Cler. Con.^' A Schedule of the Proprietors' ITaines of the town of Chester. — Capt. Henry Sherburne, Benjamin Gambling, Esq., Thomas Phipps, Esq., Capt. Joshua Pierce, Jethro Tilton, Amos Cass, James Per- kins, Susanna Small, Col. Peter Wear, Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, Clement Hughes, Capt. Thomas Pierce, Capt. Joseph Sherburne, Capt. Archibald Macpheadris, Ephraim Dennet, Penning Wentworth, Capt. Ebene- zer Wentworth, Capt. Rickard Kent, George Pierce, Eleazer Russell, Ichabod Roby, Rev. Thomas Simms, Samuel Shackford, John Shackford, William White Samuel Ingalls, Michael Whidden, William Rymes, William Godfrey, Ebenezer Dearbon, John Cram, John Prescut, Jr., Abram Browne, John Present, -Sr., Joseph Bachelder, John Packer, John Silly, Thomas Levit, Samuel Page, Nathaniel Sanborn, James Pres- cut, Nathaniel Bachelder, Sr., David Tilton, Jonathan Emerson, Elijah Smith, Samuel Smith, Jonathan Dearborn, Abram Drake, Capt. Joshua Winget, Samuel Blacke, Joseph Sanburne, Reuben Sanburne, George Brownell, William Hally, Zach. Clifford, Enoch Sanborn, Josiah Bachelder, Samuel Prescot, Nathaniel Bachelder, Jr., Benoni Fogg, Richard Clif- ford, James Fogg, Ebenezer Easman, Ebenezer Lover- ell, Robert Row, Philip Tole, Edward Sanborn, Henry 144 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Works, Jery Sanborn, Caleb Tole, Jonathan Plum- mer, Benjamin Tole, Benjamin Smith, Capt. Jona- than Sanburn, Moses Blacke, Jacob Basford, Jacob •Garland, Sr., Jonathan Bfown, Philemon Blake, Stephen Sweat, John Sanburn, Samuel Marston, Jr., Nathaniel Drake, Henry Sloper, Thomas Smith, Wil- liam Crosswait, James Bold, Joseph Young, Clement Mesharvy, Luther Morgan, Richard Hazleton, Jacob Oilman, Samuel Sherburne, Edward Oilman, Thomas Dean, Samuel Shaw, John Calf, .Jonathan Clough, Benjamin Sanburne, Maj. John Gillman, Samuel Thompson, Stephen Webster, Edward Emerson, Thomas Silver, Thomas Whiting, John Littlehale, Ephraim Guile, 'Jonathan Kimball, Robert Ford, John Jaqiiish, William Daniel, Stephen Johnson, Na- thaniel Webster, Richard Jaquish, James Fales, John ,Cutt, and Benjamin Ackerman, one proprietor's share. " Province N. HAMpe, May 10^\ 1722. " His Excellency the Govern'" and the Honi*io Lieut. Govern^ and Ooun;- cil Entered aasociate with the within persons, (viz.) — "His Excellency a Farm of five Hundred acres and a home Lott. " The Lieu' Govern^ the aatne. "Sam'i Penbnllow, Esq^", a proprietor's Share, Mark Bunking, Esqr, ditto, George Jatfrey, Esq', ditto, Shad* Walton, Esq', ditto, Kichd Wibird, Esqr, ditto, ThoB Packer, Esq'', ditto, The Westbrook, Esq', ditto. "A True Copy of Chester Charter and the Schedule annexed to it. " Compared P"" Rich* Waldron, Cler. Con." THE OEIGINAL QHANTEES OP CHESTER. Philemon Blake. James Boyd. Abraham Brown. George Brownell. Nathaniel Bachelder, Sr. Jonathan Brown. Moses Blake. Samuel Blake. Josiah Batchelder. Nathaniel Bachelder, Jr. Joseph Batchelder. i Jacob Basford. John Calfe. Amos Cass. Richard Clifford. Zachariah Clifford. Jonathan Clough^ Rev. TheophiluB Cotton. John Cram. . William CroRSwait. Cutts & Akerman. , William Daniels. Thomas Dean. Jonathan Dearborn. Ebenezer Dearborn. Ephraim Depnet. Abraham Drake. ■ Nathaniel Drake. Ebenezer Eastman. Edward Emerson, Jonathau Emerson. James Eailes. Rev. Ebenezer Flagg. Jaines Fogg. ■ Benoni FOgg. Robert Ford. , Benjamin Gambling, Esq. Jacob Garland. Jacob Gilnian. Maj. John Gilman. Edward Gilnian. William Godfrey. Ephraim Guile. Richard Haseltine. William Healey. Rev. Moses Hale.. Clement Hughes. Col. Mark Hunking. Samuel Ingalls. George Jaffrey, Esq. John Jaquish. Richard Jaquish. Stephen Johnson. Capt. Richard Kent. Jonathan Kimball. Thomas Leavitt. John Littlehale. Ebenezer Loverell. Samuel Mftrstnn. Capt. Archibald McPhedris. Clement Messervy. Luther Morgan. Col. Tliomas Packer. Samuel Page. John Packer. Parnonage lots. Samuel Penhallow, Esq. James Perkins. , Thomas Phipps, Esq. Capt. Joshua Pierce. Capt. Thomas Pierce. George pierce. Jonathan Plummer. John PxescuU. John Prescutt, Jr. Jamea Prescutt. Samuel Prescutt. Ichabod Bo by. Rev. Nathaniel Rogers. Robert Row. Eleazer Russell. Capt. William Byrnes. Joseph Sanborn. Nathaniel Sanborn. , Benjamin Sanborn. Reuben Sanborn. John Sanborn. Enoch Sanborn. Edward Sanborn, Capt. Jonathan Sanborn, Jerry Sanborn. School lota. John Shackford. Samuel Shackford. Capt. Henry Sherburne. Samuel Sherburne. Capt. Joseph Sherburne. Dea. Samuel Shaw. John Silly. Rev. Thomas Simms. Thomas Silver. Susannah Small. Thomas Smith. Benjamin Smith. Elisha Smith. Samuel' Smith. Capt. Henry Sloper. Jacob Stanian. Stephen Sweat. Capt. Joseph Tilton. David Tilton. Jethro Tilton. Samuel Thompson. Philip Towle. ' Benjamin Towle. Caleb Towle, Col. Shadrack Walton, Col. Peter Weare. Nathan Webster. Stephen Webster. Capt. Ebenezer Wentworth. Benning Wentworth, John Wentworth, Esq. Michael Whidden. Thomas Whiting. William White. Capt. Richard Wibird, Capt, Joshua Wingate. Col. Thomas Westbrook, Henry Works. Joseph Young. Early Families. — The following are names of the early families whose genealogies are given in Chase's *' History of Chester" • Aiken, Ambrose, Anderson, Arnin, Badger, Bs^ford, Bartlett, Bachelder, Bean, Bell, Barry, Blake, Blanchard, Blasdell, Boid, Bradley, Bradshaw, Bradstreet, Blunt, Brown, Bricket, Butter- field, Burley, Burpee, Burwell, Calfe, Campbell, Carr, Chase, Clark, Clay, Clifbrd, Colby, Craige, Crawford, Critcher, Crombie, Crossatt, Currier, Davis, Dalton, Dickey, Dearborn, Dexter, Dinsmore, Dolby, Dudley, Dunlap, Dustan, Eaton, Elliot, Emerson, Emery, Field, Fitts, Flag, Folson, Forsaith, Foss, Fowler, French, Fullerton, Fulton, Gage, Gamble, Gault, Gil- .christ, Glyn, Goodhue, Glidden, Gordon, Graham, Greenough, Griffen, Hall, Harriman, Haseltine, Head, Healey, Heath, Hills, Hoit, Hodgkins, Ingalls, Jack, Kelly, Kimball, Kent, Kittridge, Knowles, Lane, Leatch, Lunt, 'Locke, Long, Lufkin, Martin, Harden, Marshall, .McClenta, ]\IcClailan, McClure, McDuffee, McFarland, McFerson, McFarten, McGee, McMas- ter, McMurphy, McKinley, Melvin, Merril, Miller, Mills, Morse, Moore, Morrill, Moulton, Murray, Nor- ton, Nutt, Orr, Otterson, Patten, Pearce, Pierce, Poor, Powel, Pillsbury, Prescott, Presom, Quanton, Quimby, Band, Richardson, Robie, Rowe, Rowel, Russel, Sanborn, Sargent, Scribner, Seavey, Sever- ance, Shannon, Shackford, Shaw, Shirley, Silsby, Silver, Sleeper, Smith, Stickney, Sweetser, Templeton, Townsend, True, Turner, Tyler, Underbill, Varnum, ,Wa(idel, Wason, Webster, Weeks, Wells, West, White, Whittier, Wilson, Witherspoon, Wood, and Worthen. Pioneer Mills.— The first reference to mills found on the proprietors' records is under date Jan, 11, 1720-21, viz. : At a; general meeting of the proprietors of ** Che- cker," held at Hampton the 11th day of January, 1720-21, , I o -< Co i p CHESTER. 145 "Voted, To Coll" Packer, Coll" Winr, Caleb Towle, and Sam" Ingalla, the whole Priviledge upon the upper Falla of the great Brook forever, to build a Saw mill or mills on, and also ten acres of Land Gratia, on Each Side s^ falls for the s4 mills Convenienoy, with Condition That the ea mills shall be fltt to Cutt boards in a Twelvemonth from thia Time ; and that they Shall Saw at halves the Proprs. Logga, So much aa they shall have occasion for Building. And those props, that Shall have Oc- casion to buy boards shall be Supplyod with So many as they Shall have occasion for, at the Kate of thirty shillings per Thousand at the mill. And if the making a pond or ponds for s"! mill damnifies any of the proprs., the society shall make good the damages.'* At a meeting at Hampton, March 16, 1720-21, "Voted, That the four persons to whom the Stream is granted, Shall give each a boml of Fifty pounds to the Committee, to perform the Con- ditions of s^ Grant, and if any of them Kefuse to do it, the Committee is Impowered to admitt others." At a meeting of the committee, Sept. 29, 1721, "Voted, That the proprietors of the upper Falls on the great Brook have the privileijge of the Lower falls also, for their further Incouragen*, to build a mill according to a vote uf the Society, at a publick meeting held Jan. 11*, 1720-21, and in consideration of which Additional Privi- lege they are to build a Grist mill aa Soon as the Town will need itj' James Basford at one time owned most of the mill. In 1731 he sold Ebenezer Dearborn one-fourth of the " old saw-mill." In 1732 he sold to William Wilson one-eighth of the " old saw-mill." In 1734 he had some difficulty with the proprietors about the mill, and they voted to have a reference. In 1735 Ebenezer Dearborn deeded to his sons, Ebenezer, Jr., Benjamin, Thomas, and Michael, one- fourth of the '' old saw-mill." In 1743, in consideration of twenty-two pounds, bills of credit, Ebenezer Dearborn, Ebenezer Dearborn, Jr., Thomas Dearborn, and Michael Dearborn convey to Thomas Wells four-sixths of the " old saw-mill." We know little more about the mill or its owners until about 1780, when Hugh Tolford, Jacob Wells, Capt. Clough, Moses Haselton, John Haselton, and Benjamin Haselton rebuilt it. It was rebuilt once after that, and again in 1848. , Jonathan Blunt had a saw-mill previous to 1730. At a meeting March 7, 1730, it was " Voted, That there be encouragement given for building a Grist mill on the middle falls of the Grate Brook, that is to John Aiken'a, and four- teen or fifteen acres of laud to the Eastward ot a'' falls, as convenient as can be had of common land, provided s^ Aiken build a aufflcient Grist mill by this time twelvemonth, and keep s^ mill in good Repair from time to time, and at all times hereafter." This was probably the 'first grist-mill in the town. Pioneer Schools,— The first reference to schools is under date Jan. 25, 1720-21, viz.; At a meeting of the committee, Jan. 25, 1720-21, viz. : "Voted, That whereas the number of proprietors is Con . . . and no provision made for a School Master, That the next proprietor that Shall Forfeit hia Lott, the Same Shall be appropriated for a School." " This provision was made after the first grant of the land, but before the charter, and there was hardly a permanent settler there." The next we find on the records is at an adjourned meeting, April 7, 1737 : 10 "Voted, To Rais thirty Pounds to Hier a Schoolmaster this present year." " Voted, That the Selectmen shall Remove the said schoolmaster to the severall Parts of the town as shall be Conveniant." Though there is no evidence that anything had been done by the town, it is hardly to be supposed that nothing had been done to educate the children for about eighteen years. The schools were held at private houses, and although removed to different parts, all the children in town might follow the master into the several quarters. At an adjourned meeting, Nov. 2, 1738, " Voted, That their Shall be twenty Pounds Raised to Support a School in this town." At an adjourned meeting April 8, 1740, " Voted, That their Shall be a School maintained in the town this year throughout ; Partly by School masters, and Partly by School dames, as the Selectmen Shall Judge best for the town.." In the warning, March 9^ 1721, is an article "To act what may appear needful about building a School house or houses." " Put to Vote, Whether to build a School house in the Senter of the town or no. Passed in the negative." At the annual meeting, March 25, 1742, " Voted, That there shall be a school Keept in this town the year through out, and that the Select men Shall Remove the Said School into the Severall Quarters of said town, so that they Shall have their Equal Proportion of the SanMy according to what Rates they Pay." They probably refused to build a school-house in the Centre, because the school might -be kept there all of the time. In the warning for a meeting, March 29, 1744, is an article " To see if the town will build a School house or housen, or to act and do any thing about Keeping a School, or Schools, or building a house or housen, aa Shall appear mose for the beneiit and advantage of the town. "Voted to Build School Housen. "Voted, That a Committee shall be Chosen to Divide the town into i Severall Parts, in order to acomodate School Housen. "Voted, That Capt. Sam^i Ingalls, Benjamin Hills, Insfn Jacob Sar- gent, William Haley and andrew Crage, Shall be the Comitte. In the warning for the annual meeting, March 28, 1745, is an article "To See if the town will Except of the return of the Committee that was chosen to Divide the town into parts for the Conveniancy of build- ing School housen ; or act and do anything that shall be thought needful and nessecery about a school or schools, and a school-house or housen." At an adjournment of the meeting, April 4, "Voted, that the Committee's Return that was Chosen to Divide the town into parts. In order to accomodate School housen, be Excepted. " The Persons under named Decents against the foregoing Vote, .... John Eobie, Sam" Bartlet, Jonathan Blunt, JonathHU Moulton, Robert Eunells, Enoch Colby, David Crage, Isaac Foss, Page Bachelder, Benja- min Bachelder, Sam>i Powell, Francis Towl, Ebenezer Dearborn, Junr., Benjamin Hills." " We have no means of knowing to a certainty into how many parts the town was divided, or their bound- aries, but there probably ' were but three ; for if there had been one at the Centre, John Robie, Jona- than Blunt, and Ebenezer Dearborn, Jr., who lived 146 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE, near the Centre, and Benjamin Bachelder and Robert Runnels, who lived within about half a mile up the street, and others — Jonathan Moulton, Enoch Colby, and Samuel Bartlett — within a mile below, would not have dissented. I have conversed with people who remembered the three. One stood pn John San- born's, opposite Moses Webster's home lot, No. 21, one at Walnut Hill, not far from Robert Shirley's, and the third at the Long Meadows, between Samuel Aiken's (Charles C. Grant's) and David Wither- spoon's (the Hardy place). Mrs. Whittier, daughter of Samuel Aiken, recollects this house, or of hearing her parents tell about it." — Chans, In 1746 the selectmen charge : £ 8. d. Paid unto master Wood 66 Paid unto Dec" Ebenezer Derbon, for boarding... 19 9 Paid unto Ivsf^ Jacob Sargent, for bording ye master 4 10 Paid unto Abel Morse, for bording y master 5 12 Paid unto John Halaeltine, for bording the mas- ter 8 11 Paid unto Andrew Crag, forjbording the master.. 8 2 Paid to Capt. Morse, for three days, horae and man, for going after a Coolmaster , 1 15 1847. MHster Wood is paid 80 and Dea. Dearborn, Jolin Haseltine, and Andrew Craige, for boarding 80 1748. Master Wood is hired again at 44 and Capt. Blunt, Joseph Calf and Dea. Dearborn boarded. John E-obie is paid for bringing up the master, time and expenses 2 Master Wood, it seems, lived somewhere down country, and is probably the one who was afterwards Dr. George Wood. £ 0. d. 1749. Paid Doctor Samuel Moorea, for schooling.. 108 Paid to the Long meadow Quarter for Schooling.. 31 The Long Meadows had one quarter of the money paid to them. Dr. Moores is said by Eaton ("His- tory of Candia," page 91) to have come from Hamp- stead. He settled at Candia Corner. £ 8. d. 1750. Paid to mr Henry Herring, for Schooling 112 Paid to ni' John Hickey, for Schooling 88 Paid to m"" Samnel Moores, for Schooling 40 for a journey to newbury after a Schoolmaster 2 for time and expence hireing Schoolmaster 3 1751. Paid to m'^ John Hickey. for schooling 104 Paid to m' James Drealer, for schooling 27 10 Paid to mr nehemiah mc neal, for schooling 32 Paid to Nathaniel Blaisdell, for bording the masters.... 15 for three Days, man and horse, after a Schoolmaster.. 4 10 o for one day of a man and two horses, bringing up the master from Bradford 2 for time and Expense hireing Schoolmasters 1 10 for time and expense making up with Schoolmas- ters 1 In 1752, Master McNeil is paid £154. Deacon Haselton, Andrew Craig, Enoch Colby, Peter Dear- born, Mr. Carr, Deacon Dearborn, Mr. Knowles, and Mr. Basford are paid for boarding. It seems that this year, though they had no school-house, they had a school in the north part. In 1753, Mr. Hazelton and Mr. McNeale were the masters, and Deacon Dearborn, Mr. Craige, Jacob Chase, and John Knowles boarded. In 1754, "master Heseltine, master mcfarson, and master mcneal, at the Longmeadows," were masters, and Deacon Dearborn, Jacob Chase, and Thomas Haseltine boarded. In 1755, '' Paid to mr. Hessard, for teaching school, £132 ; To mr. Boies, for teaching school, £28." Capt. Blunt, Charles Moore, William Tolford, and Bradley Carr boarded, and William Graham and Patten, at the Long Meadows. At the annual meeting, March, 1748, " Voted, To Raise two Hundred Pounds, old tenor, the present year for Schooling and other necessary town Charges.'' In the warning for the annual meeting, March 25, 1762, was an article, — ■ "7iy. To see what method the Town will take in Respect to their School bouses, whether they will think filt to Raise a sum of money of the whole Town to build and Kepare School houses; or what method they will take in that Respect." At the adjourned meeting, May 4, 1762, — " Relating to the sixth and seventh artikells in the warning of this meeting, They Were Put to Vote and past in the Negative." The sixth article was respecting building a pound at Freetown. At the annual meeting, March 31, 1763, — ; " Voted, That it be Left With the selectmen to Inquier into and see how much is Justly Due to the North Parish, sq Called, for their pro- portion of the School money Raised in this Town for three years past, and if they have not had theirshare then to deliver the Same to them; Provided they Lay out the Same for Schooling among themselves; and also all the other parts of the Town that have not had their proportion of the Schooling, nor money as above mentioned, shall be Considered, and have their proportion on the same Conditions," At the September term of the Superior Court, 1771, Andrew Jack, Nathan Webster, and John Robie, the selectmen orf Chester, were indicted because Chester, having more than one hundred families, had no gram- mar school. At the March term, 1772, Jack and Web- ster were tried and fined £10, and cost, £7 12s. 4d In the warning for the annual meeting, March 25, 1773, there was an article, — "5iy. To see if the Town will Chuse a Committee to appoint places Where the school hoiisea shall be Built for the Town's Servia, and to be Built by the Town." *' Relating to the fifth artikell in the warning about building school Houses, put to Vote ; Passed in the Negative." £ B. d. 1757. Master Boys 56 Master How 255 1758. Mr. Thomas Boies 56 Ensign Quantou 57 14 Mrs. Sarah Ingalls 29 Mr. William Smith 42 Dr. Ordway 40 Mr. Boies' widow 76 Mrs. Curriour 33 Likewise neighbors about Bradbury Carr's 13 11 6 Likewise neighbors about Benj. Hills' 22 Ensign Qutinton '. 63 16 Mrs. Dudley 22 10 1759. l>i. Ordway 156 17 6 Master Scott 141 Thomas Shirlee ; 40 Master Levol 48 Mrs. Dudley, about Mr. Hills' 22 Widow Currier 20 Dr. Ordway 51 16 Paid to Charming Fair *.. 26 Freetown 49 Northwest part, joining Suncook 10 1760. Master Hazzard 384 Master Scott 141 15 1761. Mr. Hazzard, 8 months 400 Mr. John Crombie, 2 months lOO Ensign James Quentbn 68 Stpphen Webster 30 Hiring schoolmasters and notifying each quarter to repair school-house 8 1762. John Flagg, 10 months [Mrs. French has the original bill] 444 8 11 Board 10 months 217 10 CHESTEE. 147 f !. d. James Qnnnton, at the Long Meadows 100 David Webster 50 Jolin lyicNeeJ .""""".'."""'.."."!!!]!."!!!!!.".' 58 1T6:^. Mr. Balch,3 Dionths .'""..'.'.'.".',"!."!"."!!""! 155 ID Mr FlapK. for lioarding "."".'".'.'.'.'....' 90 12 Muster Qnanton. 7J^ months !.'.!!".'.'.".*".'""]!"..'.'.*.'.",*".'.. 375 Mr. Pctitt. 4 m Walker. John Knowles. John Brown. Robert Runnels. Isaac Blasdell. Moses Webster. John Aiken. James Russ. Jona. Burrow, Sergt. Cha" Hanson. Jedediah Knock. Sami Akens. Barnard Merrill. Jon» Rankin. Phineas Stevens. (Tamworth hired him first.) Daniel Shirley. Samuel Wells. Samuel Holt. William Moore. Stephen Lufkin. Robert Hastins. Reuben Hall. Geo. Cooper. James Aken, 'died. Jeremiah Towle. Henry True. John McCIennen. Jona. Knock. Abiel Stevens, (Tamworth hired him first.) " Capt. Liveemoee's Co., Third Regiment. " Thos. Shronder, d. John Lane. James Thompson. William Furnal. Josiah Wells, d. Sam' Dalton. Thomas Wells. Jona. Forsyth. William White, d. Juhn Vance. John Barry. Bartho Stevens. Eben' Barry. "July 1,1781. " Parker Morse, sergt. Robert Sharle. Daniel Sharle. William Moer. Joseph Brown. John Spiller. Benj. True, Jr. Caleb Richardson. Gilbord Morse. Theoder Morae. W™ Garrison. (Mustered, but claimed by 1 Rich-i Flood. Stephen Keyes, Valentine Sargent. Jos. Davis. Sam' Richardson. Sami Houston, 6 mos. Moses Webster, 6 mos. Sami Robie, 6 mos. Reuben Tole, 6 mos, Dan' Parker, 6 mos. Geo. Mansfield, 3 years, Thomas Wells. Sam' Hoit. Geo. Cooper, Enos Jewell, Southampton. Peter Wells. Joseph Davis. Valentine Sargent, Londonderry. "Thomas Wells, war. Samuel Hoit, war. "August 25, 1781. Joseph Davis. Sam^ Richardson. George Cooper, war. Enos Jewell, war. Jere. Grilfin, war. (Given up to Meredith.) Peter Mills, 3 years. William Garrison, 3 years. Richard Flood, Raymond. Stephen Keyes, Portsmouth. Valentine Sargent, Londonderry. Geo. Mansfield. Sam^ Houston, Bedford, 6 moi. Moses Webster. Sam* Robie. Reuben Tole. Daniel Parker. Charles Mann. Jonathan Conant. "John Worth. Reuben Sticknej^. Joseph Tucker. Daniel Clay. Abraham Brown. Ed» Hamilton. Moses Baeford. * Apeil 12, 1782. , Thomas Dollof. Eberi' Currier. William Batchelder. William Hall. Daniel Doyne. Robt H. Hill. Andrew Nelson. "There is a history of the First New Hampshire Regiment, by Frederic Kidder, 1868, containing a roll of the enlisted men who served between January, 1777, and January, 1782, which contains the names of John Knook and David Shirley, of Chester, and of Thomas Capron, of Candia, not on the foregoing list. " The foregoing is a list of the soldiers furnished by Chester, as correct as can be conveniently made from the army rolls; but those cover so much ground, and so many strange names occur, which are not assigned to any particular town, that it is probably very incom- plete. There are names of men on the town accounts to whom bounties were paid, and the names of others to whom notes were paid, probably for bounties, with- out being so designated, which mostly, if not all, are included in the foregoing rolls, so that it was not thought best to spend the time in collecting and space in the history to print it. *' Great exertion had to be used to raise men. The town was divided into classes, according to the num- ber of men to be raised, and one or more men assigned to each class, which they were required to raise. The town was also classed to raise beef and corn for the army, and also to support the soldiers' families. " The following specimen of the requisitions was found among the papers of Col. Stephen Dearborn : "'To Capt. Stephen Dearborn and Robert Rowe: Agreeably to an act of the General Court and a vote of the town, the following per- sons who are named, "with the amount of their ratable estate, are to pro- cure an able-bodied, effective man for the Continental service three years, or during the war, to be ready to be mustered in on or before the 10th day of May next, or pay the fine agreeable to law and the vote of the town. Tou are desired to notify each one in this list to meet and pre- scribe such method as they shall think proper in order to procure s^ man, " ' Chester, April 29, 1782. " ' Jabez Hoit, ^ " * Selectmen " ' Stephen Morse, 1- of " ' Joseph Blanchard, J Chester. £ e. d. Barnard Bricket 2 10 1 John Clark 17 Abraham Morse 12 Capt. Stephen Dearborn 2 14 Caleb Hall 1 12 1 Jona. Emery 1 14 4 Siimuel White 16 6 Stickney 3 Moody Chase 1 18 6 Wells 2 2 8 Jere. Underbill 1 17 2 NathiWood 1 14 2 £ «. d. "' David Richardson 19 1 Joseph Carr 3 6 10 Ezekiel H.Kelley..r 10 Widow Ann Carr 9 3 Lieut. John Lane 2 17 7 Jona. Norton 2 10 11 Simon Norton 12 Joseph Norton 2 18 8 Jona. Berry..... 2 14 5 Jeremiah Griffln 16 Robert Rowe. ..r. 1 16 2 Samuel Murray 1 13 6 156 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. " The following are recruits furnished by Candia, as found on various muster-rolls, and as found in the adjutant-general's office : "1777. John Magoon, Stevens Bailey, Jonathan Green, Isaac Moree, John Colby, Eleazer Quimby, John Taylor. "1778. Nehemiah Leavitt, John Kent, Asa Pierce, John Mitchell, Eben' Williame, William Wilkins, Henry Gotham, Nat. Wadley, David Bagley, W™ Patten, Daniel Libbe, John Caldwell, John Loveien, John Kent, James Tiel, Thomas Capron, James Jeel, James Bragdon, David Hill, Rob* Holland, Jonas Perry, Henry Kimball, Joseph Gilman, Humphrey Hunt. " 1779. David Libbie, John Caldwell, Michael Poor, John Anderson, John Loverin, John Kent, Phineas Bean, Joseph Marston, John Grattan (2 mos.). " 1780. Benjamin Eaton, Samuel Clay, Edward Currier, Samuel Shan- non, John Eaton, Alex' Eaton. "1781. Col. John Webster certifies that he sent forward the following four men for Candia, when there ouglit to have been five : John Wasaou, Jonathan Davis, Nathaniel Underbill, Thomas Anderson. "1782. Jona. Morris, Peter Cammet, Eben' Eaton, Moses Norris, John Moore, Benja. Sanborn, Jason Hazard. "Recruits Fuenished by Raymond. " Ckipt. Marie's Co., Ool. Long's Regt. — Benj. Fox, James Fullington, Ezekiel Holman. " Col. Nathan Hale'$ Regl.—W^ Tole, David Batchelder, Jon=' Fullon- ton, Job Fnllongton, Theor Lovering, Ithiel Gorden. " Capt. Wait^s Co., Col. Stark's Regt. — Richard Robinson. " Ca/pl. RowelVs Co., Col. Nathan Sale's Regt. — William Towle, Joseph Fullington, Ithiel Gordon, junr., Eliphalet Gorden, Amos D. Leavitt, Aaron Sanborn, James Hersey, John Lane, Galeb Gilman, Thomas Tay- lor, Joseph Jewel " 1779. — Hezekiah Pollard, John Moore, James Libbey, James Mack, James Delap, Josiah Tucker, from Nottingham, enlisted for Ray- mond; Jonathan FuUerton, Rowell's Co.; John Fox, for two mos.; Benj. Whittier, enlisted for Kingston ; Thomas Dolloff, enlisted for Kingston ; Jos. DoUoflf Leavitt, enlisted for Kingston. " 1780.— Wm Pat. Prescott, Timothy Jewell, Smith Cram, Richard Flood. " 1781. — Elipfat Gordon, James Libbey, of Candia, Theo' Loverin, Elijah Pollard, Ezek' Pollard, Barton Pollard, Hezek»" Pollard, Riuh^ Rob- inson, Capt. Boston's Co.; Nat. Richardson, Wm. Towle, James Wells, John Moore, of Chester; James Dunlap, of Massachusetts State ;Ithiel Gordon, Eliph' Gordon, Theo' Lovrin, Joseph FuUerton, William Towle. "The following is a list' of soldiers who enlisted in the army from Chester in the war of 1812, fur- nished by Josiah Forsaith : " Josiah Forsaith, died Aug. 18, 1868. Jonathan Currier, died at Sackett's Harbor. David Dolbier, of Raymond. Josiah Sanborn, discharged at Concord. Bradbury Moody Carr, died at Concord. John Colby, died at French Mills. Abner Blasdel, said to have deserted. Ebenezer Blasdel, died at Acworth. Samuel Davis, died at Concord. Joseph Neal. John Crawford, died at Nottingham in 1866, aged eighty. Josiah Moore, died in 1821. Henry Moore, killed in battle. Moses Underbill, Jr. Benjamin Currier, Jr. Nathan Webster. John Dunlap, died in 1867. Nath'l GriflBn, William Griffin, died in the army. "JVom Raymond. " Amos Davies, killed at French Mills. Theophilus Stephens, died. " Drafted Men.— There was a draft made of men to defend Portsmouth Harbor. The following is the roll of a company which served from May 24 to July 4, 1814, and were from the Seventeenth Regiment. Those from Chester are marked A ; Candia, B; Ray- mond, C; Allenstown, D: " George Evans, capt., D, Samuel Aiken, Jr., lient., A. Noah Week, ensign, A. William Stanwood, sergt., A. Jonathan Morrill, sergt., A. Samuel W. Evans, sergt., D. Reuben Bean, sergt., B. " Josiah Anderson, B. Andrew Buntin, A. John Brown, 3^. David Brown, 3^. Jona. S. Brown. Ebenezer Brown. Jonathan Ball, A. Joseph Calfe, A. Za^jheus Colby, A. Jonathan Cass, B. Jeremiah Chandler. Samuel Clark. Joseph Cressy, A. James Dinsmoor, A. Benjamin Edgerly. Nathan French. David Glidden, C. William Greenough,A. Phineas Haley, C. Henry Hall, A. John Johnson, A. Amos Kimball, A. John Lane, C. Thomas Leonard. John Mars. True C. Graves, corp. John Dinsmore, Corp., A. Moses Dudley, corp., B. James Wilcomh, corp,, A. Moses Crichet, musician, B. Moses Chase, musician, A. ' Privates. Charles Marston, A. Moses C. Magoon, C. Richard Morse- Supply Moree. Nath. Martin. Thomas Montgomery, A. Peter Ni61, A. Nathan Poor, C. Jacob Randall, A. Richard Robie, B. Wadley Richardson, B. John P. Rowell, A. Orlando SpoflFord, A. John Seavey, A. Richard Straw. Jona. H. Shaw, Henry Thatcher, C. Elisha Towle, C. Samuel Thompson. Daniel Towle, C. Enoch Worthen, B. John Wilson, 3* A. Stephen Worthen, Jr., A. Abram. Smith. Edmund Richardson. " The following is a roll of the company of Capt. Samuel Collins, of Deerfield, which served three months from Sept. 12, 1814: " Moses Hezelton, 3*, lieut., A. Henry Osgood, ensign, C. Jonathan Cass, aergt., B. James Severance, sergt., A. " Squires Bachelder, B. Ebenezer Brown, C. John Brown, A. Joseph Clifford, B. Nehemiah Clay, A. Joseph Chaae, Jr., A. Daniel Carr, A. Henry Clifford, C. Richard Currier, B. Gilman D. Cass, 6. Jonathan Emerson, B. Josiah Whicher, Corp., B. John Brown, Jr., corp., C. James C. Rand, corp., A. David Emerson, A. James P. French, B. Reuben Gale, B. Phineas Heaiey, B, Peter M, Mills, A. Henry Morse, C. Samuel Roberts, 0. Daniel Robey, C. John Towle, B. Haly True, 0. Daniel McDuffee, A. " The following is a roll of the company of Capt. Samuel Aiken, Jr., of Chester, which served sixty days from Sept. 26, 1814: " Samuel Aiken, Jr., capt., A. Joseph Hubbard, 1st lieut,, B. Wm. Stanwood, ensign, A. Jabez Crooker, sergt, and clerk, William Turner, sergt., B. Jonathan Morrill, sergt., A. Abel Read, sergt., B. Jeremiah Chandler, sergt., C. William Aiken, sergt.. A, Samuel Lane, Corp., A, Francis Folsom, corp., C. Benjamin Rowe, corp,, B. James Wilcomb, corp., A. Nathan Brown, musician, C. Richard Eaton, B. ' Gilman Lovering, C. CHESTEE. 157 " Privates. " Orlando SpofFord, A. John Hall, A. Benjamin Mills, A. William Greenongh, A, John Davis, A. Ebenezer Wilcomb, A. David Morrill, A. David Murry, A. John Shirley, A. Samuel Lane, Jr., A. Josiah Turner, B. Daniel Taylor, B. Oilman Richardson, B. Isaiah Lane, B. John Clark, B. Willis Patten, B. Moses Patten, B. , John Colby, B. John Butler, A. Benjamin Preston, A. Daniel Ball, A. John Dolby, A. Robert Wilson, A. William Dearborn, A. Jeremiah Rand, Jr., A. L. H. Seavy, A. Jonathan Norton, A. Theodore Jewett, A. Robert Mills, A. Nathan Webster, A. John Seavey, A. John Wilson, A. Henry West, A. David Leach, A. James Calfe, A. Israel Blake, A. Reuben Dinsmore, A. Stephen J. Worthen, Jr., A Mead B. Underbill, A. John Chase, A. Matthew Dickey, A. Jonathan Williams. Samuel Thompson, A. John Hosden, A. Joseph Brown, A. John A. Otterson, A. Joshua Martin, Jr., A. Jeremiah Brown, B. Parker Hills, B. Benjamin Eaton, B. MosPB Stephens, B. Sewall Brown, B. John Moore, B. Moses Critchet, B. Biley Smith, B. Sargent French, B. James Wilson, B. Aaron Rowe, B. William Eaton, B. Jonathan Robey. Nathan Thorne, B. Joseph Rand, B. Samuel Moody, C. David Clifford, C. Diivid Gill, C. David Brown, Jr., C. Supply Morse, C. Moses Healey, C. Daniel Scribner, C. James Dudley, Jr., C. Jonathan Holman, C. Isaiah Cram, C. Nathaniel Towle, 0. David Robie, C. John Smith, C.*' A Roll of Men sent into the Army from Chester during the Rebellion, 1861-65. SECOND REGIMENT, MUSTEEED INTO U. S. SEKVIOB JUNE 10, 1861,— THREE TEARS. Co. C, Andrew Nichols, wounded at Gettysburg; died in Andereonville June, 1SC4. Co. C, Charles J. Rand, disch. dis. Co, E, Arthur T. Leouard, Corp., disch. dis. Co. E, George S. Brown, pro. Corp. Co. E, Aaron Everet, disch. dis. Co. E, Joseph Everet, disch. dis. ^ EECRUITS. Co. I, William Broard, trans, to navy. Co. I, Frank Donaghue. Co. K, James Farrel, Co. I, James McGuire, wounded June 3, 1864. Co. I, Frank Strickland. Co. A, John E. Hartwell, en). September, 1865; must out December, 1866. THIRD REGIMENT,— THREE TEARS. Co. B, Converse B. Weymouth, wounded severely; disch. dis. January, 1865. Co. D, John S. Blasdel, re-enl. veteran ; disch. dis. 1866. FOURTH REGIMENT,- THREE TEARS. Co. 0, Orrin T. Dodge, re-enl. February, 1864. Co' I,' Franklin A. Brown, Corp., disch. dis. July, 1862. Co' l' Charles M. Ordway, re-enl. February, 1864. Co! i, Stickney S. Gale, sergt., re-enl. February, 1864. FIFTH REGIMENT,— THREE TEARS. Co. K, Joseph Bronilland, reo. December, 1863; killed at Petersburg June, 1864. Co. H, Jacob Pollatscheok, reo. December, 1863. Co. C, James Rogei-s, rec. August, 1863. Co. C, Joseph Trickey, rec. December, 1863 ; wounded June, 1864; died August, 1864, at Alexandria, Va. SIXTH REGIMENT,— THREE TEARS. Co. D, James Farrel, rec. November, 1S63 ; deserted Camp Nelson, Ky,, December, 1863. Co. G, Henry Scott, reo. May, 1864. Co. E, Thomas J. Wilson, rec. November, 1803. Co. C, William M. Locke, re-enl. December, 1863 ; pro. to corp. ; disch. dis. August, 1864. Co. C, William Smith, rec. May, 1864; disch. dis. September, 1864. SEVENTH REGIMENT,- THREE TEARS. Co. A, Henry 0. Davis, re-enl. February, 1864; pro. to Corp.; wounded severely October, 1864; disch. dis. December, 1864. • EIGHTH REGIMENT,— THREE TEARS. Co. A, James M. M. Elliott, must. November, 1861; dis. May, 1862. Co. F, Joseph Everett, Corp., December, 1861; pro. to 1st sergt.; killed Port Hudson, May, 1863. Co. F, Charles H. Kent, must, in December, 1861; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps May, 1864. Co. F, Samuel C. McDuffee, must, in December, 1861 ; disch. dis. Decern* her, 1863. Co. F, John Robinson, must, in December, 1861 ; disch. dis. February, 1863. NINTH REGIMENT,- THREE TEARS. Co. A. James A. Cole, must, in July 3, 1862. Co. B, Charles F. Shaw, must, in July 3, 1862 ; disch. dis. Fredericks- burg .January, 1863. ELEVENTH REGIMENT,— THREE TEARS. Co. I, John Underbill, sergt., September, 1862; wounded December 1862; dis. March, 1863. Co. I, Daniel S. West, Corp., September, 1862 ; wounded severely May, 1864. Co. I, William E. 0. Coolodge, September, 1862. Co. I, James M. M. Elliott, September, 1862. Co. I, Warren J. Hills, September, 1862 ; missing in action July, 1864. Co. I, Dudley J. Marston, September, 1862; wounded December, 1862. Co. I, Cyrus E. Rolierts, September, 1862 ; trans to 1. 0. September, 1863. Co. I, Edmund T. Roby, September, 1862 ; des. June, 1864. Co. I, Thomas 0. Reynolds, September, 1862 ; wounded December, 1862. Co. I, Sewell W. Tenney, September, 1862; wounded December, 1862 ; disch. April, 1863. Co. I, Nathaniel West, Jr., September, 1862. FOURTEENTH REGIMENT,— THREE TEARS. Franklin C. Weeks, asst. surg., September, 1862; disch. dis. March, 1864. Co. F, Charles A. Clark, rec. January, 1864. FIFTEENTH REGIMENT,— NINE MONTHS (October, 1862). Co. K, Wallace T. Larkin, 2d lieut., November, 1862 ; disch. to accept promotion August, 1863. Co. K, Luther C. Stevens, sergt. Co. K, Alfred F. B. Edwards, Corp. Co. K, John A. Hazleton, Corp. Co. K, Marston L. Brown. Co. K, Milton S. Brown, disch. dis. July, 1863. Co. K, Henry N. Brown. Co. K, Emerson Childs. Co. K, David F. Clay. Co. K, John S. Currier, disch. dis. July, 1863. Co. K, David C. French. Co. K, Matthew Forsaith. Co. K, George M. D. Mead. Co. K, Samuel V. Osgood. Co. K, Benjamin F. Spofford. Co. K, John W. West, 2d. EIGHTEENTH REGIMENT,— THREE TEARS. Silas F. Learnard, maj., July, 1865 ; not must. ; must, out as capt. July, 1866. Co. D, William S. Greenough, capt., com. September, 1864. Co. D, John Underbill, 2d lieut., com, September, 1864. Co. D, Albert F. B. Edwards, corp., September, 1864 ; pro. to sergt. Co. D, Perley C. Ingalls, wagoner, September, 1864. 158 HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Co. D, Richard H. Currier. Co. D, Samuel V. Osgood, pro. to corp. . Co. D, George S. Smilh, pro. to corp. Co. D, Francis Savoie. Co. D, Aaron D. Sergent, disch. for dis. Co. D, Isaac F. Underbill, pro. to corp. Co. D, Albert Haaon, disch. for dia. at City Point, October, 1864. Co. H, Silas F. Loarnard, capt., com. February, 1865 ; pro. maj. July, 1865. Co. H, Cyrus S. Dolloff, sergt. Co. H, Augustus P. Greenough, sergt. Co. H, John T. Lovitt, corp. Co. H, Joseph R, Morse, musician. Co. H, Ephrajm Nichols, wagoner. Co..H, Samuel S. Adams, pro. to corp. Co. H, Willard E. Coburn. Co. H, Albert B. Goldsmith, disch. for dis. at Concord, N. H., Feb. 1865. Co. H, Henry H. Hook, disch. for dia. at Concord, N. H., February, 1865. Co. H, Richard C. Lawrence, pro. to corp. Co. H, Fred. D. Morse. Co. H, William B.Roliie. Co. H, "William H. Underhill. Co. H, Benjamin F. Underbill. HEAVY ARTILLERY. James P. Batchelder, must. August, 1863 ; disch. for dis. March, 1864. Co. C, Josepli W. Chase, must. September, 1864. Co. K, Charles P. Abbott, appointed artificer, September, 1864. Co. K, Jacob J. Elliott, September, 1864. Co. K, John W. Hnzeltine, September, 1864. Co. K, George H. McDuffee, September, 1864. Co. K, Charles F. True, September, 1864. Co. K, George F. Tebbetts. Co. K, Elbridge Wason. Co. K, Clement A. West. Co. K, George W. Wilcomb. Co. K, Charles H. West. Co. K, John W. West, 2d. SHARPSHOOTER. Silas W. Tenney, must. November, 1861. " The foregoing list is m'ade from the report of the adjutant-general. There has been a list made by- Miss Noyes, of Chester, which she calls the " Roll of Honor," which does not contain the names of a num- ber of foreign recruits credited to Chester, and con- tains the following names not in the foregoing list : Louis Bell. John Bell. Henry Beala. William Brown. Mark Carr. Perley Chase. Joseph Dane. Charles A. Dearborn. David J. Dearborn. Lloyd G. Gale. James Gerali. Nelson Gillingham. Jesse Hall. Joseph W. Hazelton. Kiiiniston. Cyrus F. Marston. Benjamin F. Morse. Frank Morse. Daniel Osgood. Samuel S. Parker. Curtis B. Robinson. Charles B. Robie. Edward I. Robie. Joseph S. Rowell. D. Leroy Sanborn. Page R. Smith. Alphonso P. R. Smith. John P. Spofford. Frederick Spollett. Charles L. Seavey. Daniel A. Webster. Robert Waaon. Frank C. Wood. Charles 0. Willey. Charles S. Wells. Charlea H. Weymouth. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. HON. JOHN W. NOTES. Hon. John W. Noyes, son of Daniel and Nancy W. Noyes, was born in Springfield, N. H., Jan. 14, 1810. His father, Daniel Noyes, was born in Kingston, N. H., in 177,1, and moved to Springfield, N. H., at an early age. He was a merchant, hotel-keeper, farmer, and engaged in various other branches of business ; he became a prominent man in the town. He was successful in his various business ventures, at the same time satisfactorily performing the many duties devolving upon him by the official positions which he often held. He held the various town offices and represented the town in the State Legislature. He was one of the few men who possess talents so diverse as to enable them to attend to the details of various kinds of business, keeping full control of each. He died in Springfield, N. H., Aug. 5, 1812. His fathel- was James Noyes, born in Kingston, and died in that,town in 1790. John W. Noyes is descended on the maternal side from John, brother of ex-Governor Weare ; their father was Hon. Nathaniel Weare (3d). He was born in Seabrook, Aug. 29, 1669; died in that town March 26, 1755. Mr. Noyes' mother was Nancy Weare, daughter of Jonathan Weare; she was born in An- dover, N. H., Jan. 10, 1785. Some years after the death of Mr. Noyes' father his mother married Nathan Stickney, Esq. ; they resided in Springfield a number of years, and then removed to Concord, where she died May 9, 1845.> The Weares have all along the line of descent, from Na- thaniel Weare 1st, been men of note and prominence in their day, and have filled many important offices. Mr. Noyes had fair educational advantages when a youth, and attended the academies of Pembroke, Salisbury, and Meriden. After leaving school he engaged as clerk in a store in Concord for a few years, where close application to the details of business, to- gether with natural ability, fitted him for a successful career. At the age of twenty-two he removed to Chester, and engaged in business for himself in that town, where he continued as merchant, farmer, etc., about twenty years, when he sold his mercantile business, and devoted himself more exclusively to farming and his various other interests. Mr. Noyes had at various times held nearly all the local offices of his town : is now, and has been for many years, town treasurer. He has for more than forty years been in commission as a justice of the peace, and nearly as long a notary public. He was one of the directors of Derry Bank from 1840 until its close, and in 1864 was elected president of the Derry National Bank, which position he has continued to hold to the present time. Politically, Mr. Noyes is a Republican. In 1841- 42, 1853-54, 1875-76 he represented Chester in the New Hampshire Legislature, and in 1864-65 he was elected by the votes of Councilor District No. 2 a member of the Executive Council. He has had for 1 Tor a full history of the Weare family see another part of this volume. ^Zsd, ^ /^^2^^Z.-z.^-^^c/6 U. CHE8TEE. 159 many years a large part of the probate and justice business of his community, and has discliarged the duties pertaining to the numerous positions of trust and honor which have been conferred upon liim with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of the public. Mr. Noyes is a man who through a long and busy life has so deported himself as to win the esteem and highest regard of the entire circle of his acquaint- ance. He enjoys the implicit confidence of those with whom he has been brought in contact during his many years of business life; he is sought by many for advice, and is frequently appealed to for the settlement of differences, all parties feeling as- sured that his sense of justice will result in a fair de- cision. He is a public-spirited citizen, progressive in his ideas, broad and liberal in his views, and carries about with him in his every-day life an atmosphere of kindness and sociability, before which all feelings of restraint immediately disappear, and the stranger is almost immediately an .acquaintance. In religious belief Mr. Noyes is an Orthodox Con- gregationalist, and has been a constant and influen- tial member of the First Congregational Church in Chester for nearly fifty years. He is and has been for many years one of the trustees, and also treasurer, of the ministerial fund of the Congregational Society in Chester. He is a corporate member of the Ameri- can Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and is one of the trustees of several religious and benevolent institutions in the State. He is a man of fine physique and striking personal appearance,^ and at seventy-two stands as erect and steps as elastic as most men of fifty. Mr. Noyes married Nancy Aiken, ofChester, Sept. 27, 1836. They have one daughter, Isabella Aiken, born March 17, 1838 ; married Deo. 21, 1864, to Prof. John E. Sinclair, of Dartmouth College (who is now professor in Worcester County Free Institute). She died Sept. 11, 1868, leaving two daughters, Annie N. and Isabella A. Mrs. Noyes died June 20, 1840. Mr. Noyes married for his second wife Clara D., daughter of Eev. Dr. McFarland, of Concord, N. H., Oct. 18, 1842. She was born May 13, 1822; died June 26, 1853. They had two children, who died in infancy, and two daughters, Elizabeth McFarland (born March 17, 1844, married William S. Greenough, of Wakefield, Mass., Jan. 28, 1869 ; they have two chil- dren, Chester Noyes and William Weare), and Nancy S. A., born July 22, 1847 ; died July 30, 1871. Mr. Noyes married his present wife, Harriet S., daughter of Eev. Dr. Bouton, of Concord, N. H., and grand- daughter of ex-Governor John Bell, June 21, 1855. She was born Jan. 25, 1832. Their children are Mary Bell, born July 26, 1858, and John Weare, born June 17, 1867, died Feb. 3, 1871. Eev. Daniel J. Noyes, D.D., of Hanover, professor 'in Dartmouth College, is the only brother of Mr. Noyes. He married Jane M. Aiken, sister to Mrs. Noyes 1st. They have now living two sons, lawyers, in New York, and a daughter, now Mrs. Henry L. Smith, of New York, and one daughter deceased, who was the wife of Prof. Fairbanks, of Dartmouth College. DR. JAMES ¥. BROWN. James F. Brown, M.D., was born in the town of Chester, Eockingham Co., N. H., Sept. 6, 1838. His grandfather on the paternal side was one of the early settlers of Chester, having purchased a farm of four hundred and fifty acres of partially improved and heavily timbered land in the northwest part of the town. His grandfather on the maternal side was Deacon Anthony Langford, who emigrated from Wal- lingford, England, to this country for religious reasons, he being a Presbyterian non-conformist. He settled at Portsmouth, and married Nancy Walton, a daughter of a prominent Congregational clergyman of that place. The Langfords of Wallingford, England, are represented as belonging to more intelligent, highly educated middle classes, one of them being managing editor of Blackwood's Magazine for forty years past. Dr. Brown's parents were James Brown, ofChester, and Elizabeth W. (Langford) Brown, of Portsmouth. Both parents died while Dr. Brown was quite young, and at the tender age of seven years he found him- self an orphan adrift upon the world, and dependent upon his own resources for his future. He resolved to obtain an education, and by persistent and ener- getic effort to that end he prepared at Pinkerton and Atkinson Academies for college, and succeeded in obtaining a medical education at Dartmouth Medical College, graduating from there in 1864. Immediately upon graduation he returned to his native town, and soon became engaged in an active practice, which has steadily increased, until now he has an immense business in all the details of the profession, including whatever surgery there is to be done there, and has performed some very important operations, such as some of the principal amputations, operation for strangulated hernia, and considerable minor surgery, such as removing tumors, extirpating the eye, opera- tion for hare-lip, fractures, etc. He is a fellow of New Hampshire Medical Society, _ and permanent member of American Medical Association since 1875, was chosen member of Legislature in 1879-80, and 'has held other local ofiices. Eepublican in politics. Congregational in religious belief, and much inter- ested in all church and literary enterprises, success- ful in pecuniary matters, having arisen from com- parative poverty to a handsome competency solely by his own exertions. He married Abbie, daughter of Daniel Scribner, of Eaymond. She was a grad- ate — class of 1863 — of Mount Holyoke Female Semi- nary. They have two children, — James, aged ten, and Annie, aged two years. 160 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. JAMES MARANBR KENT. Maraner, father of James Maraner Kent, was born in Newburyport, Mass., where the Kent family were among the pioneers, having settled there about the year 1624. He removed to Derry about 1803, where he reared a family of six sons and one daughter. James Maraner, the youngest of the sons, was born in Derry, July 5, 1804, was reared on a farm, and had the benefit of a common school education. When about eighteen years of age he married Fanny Brown, of Hookset, N. H. Their children were James B., born March 6, 1823 ; William, born Aug. 18, 1824, died April 11, 1826; Lucien, born March 30, 1828; Sarah F., born Sept. 14, 1829; Charles H., born Aug, 18, 1835 ; and Margaret F., born Jan. 1, 1846. Soon after marriage he went to Boston, where he worked at boiler-making for three years, when he removed to Derry and opened a blacksmith-shop on Walnut Hill in the town of Chester. He continued business there for sixteen years, when he removed to Chester Centre, where he followed blacksmithing in connection with farming up to a few years before his death. He always displayed a great interest in town affairs, and cheerfully devoted time and made sacrifices for the public good. In politics he was an Old-Line Whig, afterward a Republican. He held all the offices within the gift of the town at various times, and was representative to the Legislature for several years. Having a speculative turn of mind, he dealt exten- sively in land at different times, with fair success financially. He was a member of the Baptist Church, a.nd, being interested in every movement which tended to elevate the condition of his fellow-man, he gained the esteem of every one who knew him, and his death, which occurred Jan. 17, 1872, was re- gretted by a large circle of friends and relatives. His widow was suffocated by escaping gas in her room at the home of her niece, Mrs. Ex-Governor Harrington, in Manchester, Oct. 11, 1877. Of the children, James B. went to Boston when eighteen years old and engaged in the express busi- ness, at which he continued for twenty years, when he opened a restaurant, which he kept until about five years ago, since which time he has been engaged in business in JSTew York. Lucien learned black- smithing with his father, and continued the business until within a year of his death. He was also a speculator in land, etc. ; was a very successful and reliable business man, and enjoyed the confidence and respect of his acquaintances. - Sarah F. married John Little, of Atkinson. They have three daugh- ters. Charles H. went to Boston when sixteen years of age, and was engaged with his brother, James B., in the express business for eight years. He then went to work for the street railroad company, and drove the first street-car that ran in the city of Boston. He remained there until 1861, when he enlisted in the Eighth New Hampshire Volunteers, served three years, took part in numerous engagements, was de- tailed as nurse at the Marine Hospital in New Or- leans, where he lost the sight of an eye by a fragment of coal getting under the lid, after which he returned home and engaged in farming, at which business he still continues. He is genial and courteous in his intercou'rse with others, and is a man of whom it may be said his " worst side is outside." April 23, 1869, he married Mrs. Cora M. Curtis, daughter of Josiah Litz, of Lynn, Mass. Mrs. Kent had one child, a son, by her marriage with Mr. Curtis. COL. ISAAC LANE. Isaac Lane was a lineal descendant of William Lane, the English ancestor and emigrant, who was admitted freeman of Boston, May 8, 1652. He mar- ried (1) Mary , (2) Mary, daughter of Thomas Brewer, of Roxbury. Their children were Samuel, John, Mary, Sarah, William, Elizabeth, and Eben- ezer. William, born in Boston, Oct. 1, 1659, married Sarah Webster, born in Hampton, N. H., 1659, and removed thither before 1688 ; was a tailor, and lived where the academy now stands. He died Feb. 14, 1749, surviving his wife four years. Their children were John,^ Sarah, Elizabeth, Abigail, Joshua, Sam- uel, Thomas. John' married Mary Libbey, of the town of Rye. Soon after marriage he went to sea, was taken by pirates, and kept a prisoner for seven years ; returned home, went to sea again, and never returned. John,^ son of John,' born Oct. 12, 1709, married (1) Hannah Lamprey, (2) Mary Knowles. He bought of Ephraim Blunt, of And- over. No. 128 0. H. and No. 20 2d P., 2d D. in Chester in January, 1742-43, and moved thither about 1749. He was appointed by Benning Went- worth " Cornet of the Ninth troop of the First Reg't of Cavalry, commanded by John Dowling, Col.," Sept. 17, 1754. He was the first officer of that rank in Chester, and in all records he is called " Cornet John Lane." He died Feb. 13, 1784. His wife died in 1787. His children were John, Daniel, Ezekiel, David, Mary, Hannah, Nathan, Isaac (died young), Sarah, Isaac,' and Jonathan. Isaac,' born April 19, 1760, married Abigail Garland, 1780 ; was a large land- owner, a cooper, and carried on various other business transactions, dealing largely in real estate, and passed his life on his father's homestead. He was appointed cornet by John Sullivan. He died April 21, 1834, leaving eight children,— Sally, Abigail, Molly, Anna, John, Betsey, Isaac,^ and Peter. Isaac Lane^ was born in Chester, Feb. 25, 1799, had common school education, was raised a farmer, and on arriving at maturity assumed charge of his father's entire busi- ness, he taking care of both his parents until their death. He married, Nov. 21, 1837, Caroline, daugh- ter of Henry and Hannah (Whittier) Marshall, of Brentwood, N. H., where she was born, April 14, 1808. Her ancestors on both sides belong to old and J. M. KENT. 3^ /T'C-iPZ^s^ DANVILLE. 161 prominent families. She can claim kindred with the poet Whittier and Chief Justice Marshall. She was educated at Hampton Academy, and in youth en- joyed the reputation of being a successful and very popular teacher. Beside several terms of private school, she taught district school nine years (sum- mers) in Brentwood, two in Exeter, one in Epping, and one in New Market. Mr. and Mrs. Lane com- menced housekeeping in the house built by his father in Chester, and for nearly thirty-nine years this was their home, and there, hand in hand, they walked life's pathway, and in Christian thankfulness or res- ignation enjoyed life's pleasures, or encountered its sorrows, each drawing each near to the othpr. He was a lumberman and mill-owner, dealt in real estate, erected a block of six tenements in Manchester, and was ever an active, sagacious, and. successful business man. He was also connected with the Concord Rail- road. He took a great interest in military matters, and rose to be colonel in the State militia. Whig and Republican in politics ; as such he was chosen select- man several times. He was a prominent man in all matters tending to improve or elevate humanity, but in connection with religious matters was he unusually conspicuous. He was for many years, as the Quakers have it, a " birthright" member of the First Congregational Society of Chester, a strict ob- server of the Sabbath, and was more than usually lib- eral in support of the church and Christian charities. He was made a life-member of the American Board of Foreign Missions by the church, and none more than he enjoyed the esteem and confidence of the whole community. For many years he mingled, socially, religiously, and in business, with his towns- men, and never did detraction, malice, or suspicion dare to try to cast a shadow on his integrity. He had a kind heart, deep and warm afiections, and a re- ligious sentiment that, like a lamp of unusual bril- liancy, cast its rays through the twilight of a long and useful life, and gilded the peaks on the further shore. He died Aug. 7, 1876, having attained nearly " fourscore." His family consisted of four children, — Mary Ellen (died young), William H. (died young), Henry H., Martha Brown. This daughter, educated in Chester, was a woman of gentle manners and of rare Christian graces. Her twenty-seven years of life endeared her to many, to whom her death, in 1877, brought a keen and lasting sorrow. Henry Harrison, born July 12, 1845, educated at Chester and Derry Academies, succeeded to his father's busi- ness, deals quite extensively in lumber, is one of the live, representative men of Chester, and now repre- sents his town in the State Legislature. He married, Aug. 22, 1878, Emma, daughter of Deacon William Tenney and Emeline Murray, his wife. She was born Feb. 3, 1847. They have two children. CHAPTER XXIII. DANVILLE. Geography— Topography— Petition for Parish— Documentary History- Ecclesiastical History— Methodist Episcopal Church— Pree-Will Bap- tint Church— Universalist Church— Congregational Church— Military Record. Danville lies near the centre of the county, and is bounded as follows : On the north by Fremont, on the east by Kingston, on the south by Kingston and Hampstcad, and on the west by Sandown. This town originally formed a part of Kingston. It was incorporated as a separate parish Feb. 20, 1760. The following is a copy of the petition for a new parish, which was presented to the Governor and Council Jan. 2, 1760: "To His Excellency Benning Wentworth, Esq., Captain General, Gov- ernor & Commander-in-Chief in & over His Majestys Province of New Hampshire, The Honourahlo His Majestys Council And House of Representatives in General Assembly Convened, the Second Day of January, 1760. " The Petition of Sundry of the Inhabitants of that Part of Kingston in Said Province adjoining on the Parish of Sandown, Humbly shews, " Tliat whereas Providence hath placed us at a great Dislance from any plaoe of staled public Worship in Town & so render our Attendance thereon very difficult & our Families often impracticable: We have built a meeting House among us to accommodate ourselves & Families, That we & they might more conveniently attend the public Worship of God & with more ease & comfort enjoy the Word & ordinances necessary for Solvation, And being djsirous at our own cost & charge to maintain the Worship of God among us, We petitioned The Town to Set us off to be a Parish Separate from them, But they (as we apprehend) not regard- ing our difflcutt Circumstances have unreasonably denied our Request; Wherefore W.' humbly pray that we mai be sett off & incorporated into a Parish distinct from them in the following manner, viz*, bounding Westerly on Sandown East Line, thence to exteud Easterly, carrying the whole Breadth of the Town till it comes half way between our new meeting house 4 the old meeting house in Town,^nd that we may be discharged from paying to the ministry & the School in the other part of the Town & enjoy the powers & priviledges of other Parishes. "And your Petitioners a5 in Duty bound shall ever Pray, &", " Samuell Webster. John March. Obediali Elkins. Jonathan French. Israel Dimond. William Clifford. Daniel Brown. Henry Morrill. Anans Camell. ' Jonathan Sanborn. Benjamin Webster. Thomas Welch. Joshua Webster, Samuel March. Jeremiaii (iiiimby. Joseph Sweat. John March, Jr. Ezra Tuclter. John Paige. Samuel Quimbo. Elias llano. Nathan Jones. Ezra Jones. Jonathan Blake. Malachi Daves. Stephen Barnard. John Quimby. Thomas Eliot Colby. Elisha Clough. 11 Benjamin Selly. Joseph Brown. William Brusel ? Dyer Hook, Humphrey Hook. Joseph Worth, Elisha Baclielder. Jacob Hook. Edward Eastman, Jr, Reuben Bachelder. Samuel Sargent. David Tilton. Aron Quimby. Jeremiah Flanders. Ephraim Paige. Moses Quimby. Henray Hunt. John CoUius. David Qniniby. Benjamin Darling. Joseph Clifford. Joshua Webster, Jr. Benjamin Webster, Jr. Paul Pressey, William Selley. John Sanborn, Jr, Thomas Wadley. William Morey. Thomas Eastman. 162 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. " In Council, Jan. 16«i", 1760. " The within Petition read & orderei" to be sent down to the HonW' Assembly. " Theodore Atkinson, Sea/. " Province of ) In the house of Eepresentatives, Jan. 16"", 1760. This New Hampr, J petition bein read, ordnred, " That the petitioners be heard therer>n the third day of the sitting of the Geiii Assembly next after the fifteenth of Febry next, & that they at their own Cost & Charge cause the select men of Kingston to be served with a Copy of this petition & order of Court thereon, that they may appear & Shew Cause if any they have why the prayer thereof should not be granted. . " A. Clarkson, Cleric, " In Council, Jany. IV* 1760. '* Bead & Coiicurr*. " Thkod' Atkinson, Secry. " Province of 1 In the house of Eepresentatives, Feby 19^\ 176D. New Hampshire J This petition having been read. The parties on Each side appear'd by themselves & attorneys & after being fully heard thereon, Voted, that the prayer thereof be granted So far as to be agreeable to the minutes on the Back of .the plan & that the petitioners have liberty to bring a Bill accordingly. "A. Claekson, Gierke. "In Council, Feby 2Q<-\ 1760. " Eead & Concurred. " Theodore Atkinson, Secry." The first settlements within the bounds of this town were made in about the year 1735, by Jonathan San- born, Jacob Hook, and others. Among the promi- nent old families whose ancestors can be traced back more than one hundred years as residents are men- tioned those of Page, Fowle, Blake, Sanborn, Spof- ford, Elkins, French, Dimond, Colby, Tewksbury, Quimby, Collins, Bradley, Eaton, Eastman, and Cur- rier. Methodist Episcopal Churcli. — It is impossible to ascertain the date of organization of this church, as there are no early records in existence. It was, however, doubtless organized prior to or about the year 1800, as Mr. John Collins, who has been a mem- ber fifty-four years, says he has known of its exist- .ence seventy-five years. The society formerly wor- shiped in the old meeting-house, now the town house. It has subsequently occupied the Free-Will Baptist and Union Churches one-fourth of the time. The present membership is small. The Free-Will Baptist Church 'was organized June 17, 1820. Until 1841 the service of preaching was rendered chiefly by itinerant ministers. From that year the pastors have been Revs. Joseph Ful- loBton, W. P. Merrill, J. Kimball, J. Blore, P. S. Burbank, M. W. Burlingame, M. Cole, P. S. Bur- bank a second time, and J. A. Lowell. In the year 1832 the church and society erected their present house of worship in the southern part of the town. Previous to that year the church had worshiped chiefly in private houses. The church numbers one hundred and sixty -seven members. The Universalist Church.' — The present Univer- salist Church in this town was organized in May, 1850. The first society of the kind here was organ- ized May 2, 1832, the town at that time being known 1 By D. A. Clifford. as " Hawke.'' This first society, having neglected to hold a meeting in 1849, ceased to exist, and the pres- ent one began the year following. Preaching has been obtained regularly except during one year (1858), when Eev. J. H. Shepherd supplied the pulpit every eighth Sunday. The society owns one- eighth of the Union Church building, North Dan- ville. The society receives a portion of the "parson- age money," derived from the income of a fund left by one of the early orthodox ministers -for the sup- port of preaching. The society consists of about twenty members. ' Congregational Church. — It is not known when a church originated here, but it is supposed to have been previous to the settlement of a pastor. The first pastor was Eev. John Page, who was or- dained Dec. 21, 1763, and remained until his death, Jan. 29, 1783. Military Record. — The following is a list of those who enlisted from this town during the late Rebellion, furnished by Adjt.-Gen. Ayling : Josiah T. Blaisdell, Co. B, 3d Kegt.; enl. Aug. 22, 1861; liisch. Aug. 23, 1864. Samuel C. Blaisdell, Co. B, 3d Eegt. ; enl. Aug, 22, 1861 ; diech. Aug. 23, 1864. Harris C. Hall, Co. B, 3d Eegt.; enl. Aug. 22, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 22, 1864; died June 18, 1864. Ephraim 0. Currier, 1st lieut. Co. K, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 20, 1861 ; pro. to capt. Jan. 17, 1862 ; died Aug. 12, 1862. Charles E. Wright, Co. H, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 26, 1863 ; disch. June 13, 1866. John H. Sargent, Co. K, 5th Eegt.; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. John P. Spotfard, Co. K, 6th Eegt.; enl. Oct. 12, 1861; died of disease July 20, 1862. James Holding, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 19, 1864 ; supposed to have deserted en route to regt. Sewell Eastman, Co. B, 6th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 11, 1863; disch. June 28, I860. Charles Bruce, Co. F, 6th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 9, 1864; deserted Oct. 12, 1864. John Eoarke, 6th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 18, 1864; supposed to have deserted en roiUe to regt. David B. Currier, 1st lieut. Co. B, 7th Eegt. : enl. Nov. 1, 1861 ; res. April 28, 1862. Theodore Burke, Co. I, 7th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 29, 1863 ; disch. July 18, 1865. Thomas Bluer, Co. I, 7th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 29, 1863 ; absent, sick, July 20, 1865; no disch. furnished. David Nichols, Co. B, 7th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 1, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 28, 1864 ; deserted May 20, 1864; gained from desertion June 6, 1864; absent, sick, July 20, 1865 ; no disch. furnished. Calvin B. Griffin, Co. H, 8th Begt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; disch. April 10, 1862. Charies N. Godfrey, Co. G, 11th Hegt. ; enl. Dec. 19, 1863; died Jnly 19, 1864. Michael Maloney, Co. K, 11th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 22, 1863; trans, to 6th Eegt. June 1, 1866 ; diech. July 17, 1866. Charies Williams, Co. C, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 21, 1862 ; disch. June 6 1866. Alonzo Ferrin, Co. E, 11th Eegt; enl. Aug. 29,1862; disch. March 16 1863. ' Peter Stacy, Co. G, 11th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1863; died May 1, 1864. Bernard Brady, Co. K, 12th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 17, 1863 ; trans, to U. S. N. April 29, 1864. William Murphy, Co. K, 12th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 17, 1863. George W. March, Co. D, 14th Regt.; enl. Sept. 23,1862; diecn Dec 3 1864. ' ' Albe 0. Buzzell, Co. K, 15th Eegt.; enl. Oct. 16, 1862; disch. Aug 13 1863. ' ' Hfram French, Co. K, 16th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 16, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863, ?<; c/- DANVILLE. 163 CharlesW. Griffin, coi-p. Co. K, 15th Kegt; eiil. Oct. 16, 1862; discli.Aug. 13, 1863. Lendoii C. Buzzell, Co. K. 16th Eegt. ; enh Oct. 16, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Moses liriffln, Co. K, 16th Regt, ; enl. Oct. 16, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Obadiiih Q. Johnson, Co. K, 15th Kegt.; enl. Ott. 16, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. James M. Ladd, Co. K,16th Kegt.; enl, Oct. 16,1862; disch. Jan. 20,1863. Josinh T. Ladd, Co. K, 15th Kegt.; enl. Oct. 21, 1862. John Matthew, Co. K, 16th Regt. ; enL Oct. 31, 1862. Lewis G. Tucker, Co, K, 16th Kegt, ; enl. Oct, 29, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863, Lendon C. Buzzell, Co. C, 18th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 13, 1864 ; disch. June 10, 1866. Franklin P. Woods, Co. I), 18th Regt. ; enl. Sept, 13, 1864; pro, to Corp,; disch, June 10,1866. Thomas Cobridge, Co. L, 1st Cav.; enl. Aug. 11, 1863; disch. July 15, 1865. Andrew B. Clifford, Co. I, let Cav.; enl. March 28, 1866; disch. July 16, 1865. Joseph Avery, Co. I, Ist Cav. ; enl, JIarch 28, 1865 ; disch. July 15, 1865. William Wills; enl. Aug. 16, 1864; organization and other facts un- known. Patrick Kelley, marine ; enl. Aug, 6, 1864 ; no record at this office. Daniel Lang, marine; enl, Aug. 13, 1864; no record at this office. Thomas Kelley, marine ; enl. Aug. 6, 1864 ; no record at this olfice. William McCrillis; enl, Aug. 17, 1864; organization and other facts un- known. Hugh McClark, enl. Aug. 13, 1864; organization and other facts un- known. Hans P. S. Peterson, enl. Aug. 27, 1864; organization and other facts unknown. James Holden, enl. Aug, 19, 1864; organization and other facts un- known. Fred. M. Danielson, enl. Aug. 30, 1S64; organization and other facts un- known. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. JONATHAN FRENCH. Jonathan French, son of Phineas and Jane (Eaton) French, was born in Danville, N. H., Oct. 1, 1818. His great-grandfather, Jonathan French, came from Salisbury, Mass., married Johanna Elkins Nov. 7, 1736 (for full history of Elkins family see history of Hampton). Their children were Johanna (died young), Henry, Elizabeth, Jonathan' (died in infancy), Jonathan^ (deceased), Joseph and Mary (twins), three children born respectively 1747, 1750, and 1752; Mehitable, born 1753 (under the star Mercurius),and Jonathan,'' born April 28, 1757, died 1828. He set- tled in Danville, on Beach Plain, and the estate re- mained in possession of the family until a few years ago. Jonathan' was a man of fair education and business attainments, took a leading part in town aifairs, held various offices, was a man of good per- sonal appearance, of great prominence in church afeiirs, and a very able speaker, and was a lieutenant in militia. He married a Miss Batchelder, daughter of Deacon Elisha and Theodate Batchelder, who came to Danville from Hampton, was a farmer, and a deacon in Congregational Church. (For history of Batchelder family, see Hampton Falls.) Lieut. Jon- athan French had five children, — Mary, Jonathan, Phineas, Lucy, and Bobert. Mary married Nathaniel Clark, and lived in Sandown. Lucy married Osmond Spoff'ard, lived in Danville, and died about 1828. Phineas French, son of Jonathan' of second genera- tion and father to present Jonathan, was born in 1791, and died in 1857. He had a common-school educa- tion only in his native town. His father bought the place now occupied by Jonathan about the time of the war of 1812, consequently the boys were reared as farmers, and received po(jr educational advantages. They were industrious, hard-working boys, and did a great deal of teaming, lumbering, etc. He was twice married, first to Jane Eaton, who was born May 24, 1793. Their children were Susan E. (now Mrs. Horatio Beede, of Fremont. She was married in her eighteenth year to Moses B. Gove, of Grand River, N. H. They had two children, — Eliza J., born April 12, 1839, and Cyrus A., born Aug. 21, 1846. He died Sept. 7, 1857. Mrs. Gove married Timothy Tilton Oct. 2, 1861. He died Jan. 22, 1863, leaving no issue. She married Mr. Beede Sept. 23, 1863. Pie died Feb. 16, 1878. Cyrus A. Gove married Augusta C. Cass, of Stanstead, Canada. They had one daughter, — Susie -E. Mrs. Cyrus A. Gove died April 24, 1879. He then married Minnie D. Smith, of Chester, Nov. 22, 1881), Jonathan, Sr., Joseph and Jabez ; Mrs. French (1st) died March 26, 1826. He next married Eliza, daughter of Ezekiel Worthen, of Bridgewater, Mass. Their children were James M. and Sophronia A. Phineas French belonged to the Free-Will Baptist Church. He was a Whig, and took a fore- most part in the PVee-Soil movement. He served his town well in the office of selectman, and took a prominent part in all reform movements of the day. He was a kind, industrious, and prudent man, strictly honest, and served his day and generation well. The present Jonathan French received a common- school education, which was supplemented by a short course at Strafford Academy. He has been all his life a farmer, and owns the mills first owned by his grandfather and father. He does considerable lum- bering business, especially in the fall and winter. He owns about three hundred acres of land, and is one ■of the representative farmers of Danville. He is Republican in politics, and was chosen to represent his town in the Legislature in 1875. He stands to-day the last representative of his branch of the French family. At about twenty-one years of age he went to Charlestown, Mass., to learn the carpenter trade. After working there a few months he returned to Danville, where he became so much engrossed in his home affairs that he has remained to the presenttime. By strict attention to business, by perseverance and economy he has steadily added to his possessions, and to-day he has a handsome competency, and is deemed one of Danville's most substantial citizens. 164 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. JOHN ELKINS. John Elkins was born in Danville, N. H., Jan. 1, 1821. His grandfather, Jeremiah Elkins, lived in Kingston, whence he removed to Danville, whe^e he died. He was a farmer by occupation. He had three children, among whom was Henry, father of John El- kins. He was born in Danville, was a farmer, was twice married, first to Susanah Clough, who died May 9, 1834, second to Mary Sweatt. By his first wife he had five children that reached maturity, three sons and two daughters,— John, Abel, Thomas, Eleanor, and Susanah. The two daughters now reside in Ches- ter. One is wife of Lewis Kimball, the other is Mrs. Edward Hazleton. When John was quite young his father removed to Kingston, but John remained in Danville with his grandfather, Jeremiah, by whom he was reared. He recei ved a common-school education, supplemented by an attendance at the Strafford and Kingston Academies. He became a successful farmer, and at his grandfather's death succeeded him in the pos- session of the old homestead. He married, Nov. 21, 1843, Luella B., daughter of Josiah and Sarah (Quim- by ) Philbrick. She was born March 16, 1824. ' They had five children, — Sarah Frances, Charles Henry (deceased), Mary Ellen, Susan Emily (deceased), and Herman Foster (deceased). Sarah Francis married George M. Cook, of Exeter. They have two chil- dren. Mary Ellen married Alden E. SpofFard. They now reside in Boston. In politics Mr. Elkins was a Eepublican. He took a leading part in political matters, was representative to the Legislature, selectman, and town clerk for a number of years. At various times he held all the offices within the gift of the town. He was a reso- lute, industrious man, displaying energy in everything he undertook. He was one of the best farmers of the town. With no conservative ideas on any subject, he kept pace with the rapid strides made in architecture and farming, built a fine residence, and kept himself supplied with every implement that could be made useful in successfully tilling the soil. His integrity was never doubted. Frank, open-hearted, and gen- erous, he made many friends. He was a kind father, a loving husband, a good neighbor, and his death, which occurred Aug. 3, 1879, was a sad blow to all who knew him. The first known maternal ancestor of Mrs. Elkins was her great-great-grandfather, Jeremiah, who mar- ried and had children, — Jacob, Moses, Aaron (her great-grandfather), and Jeremiah. Aaron married second wife, Mary Towle, and had Ziporah, Rebecca, Elisha (her grandfather), Joanna, Lucy, Mary, and Aaron. Elisha married Hannah Badger, and had Nicholas, Aaron, Stephen, and Sarah (her mother), who married Josiah Philbrick, and had Almon Q., Luella B. (Mrs. John Philbrick), Almira, and Madi- son. Col. Aaron Quimby, her mother's brother, was born in Danville, June 6, 1799, was reared on the farm, has held all the important town oflBces, was rep- resentative to Legislature three years, was selectman nine years, has had ten commissions, five years each, for justice of peace, and now has in his possession six commissions in Seventh Regiment New Hampshire Militia, of every grade from ensign to colonel. He always had a great delight in military matters. For many years he taught school in winter, and devoted his time to coopering, surveying, and acting as ad- ministrator. In 1881, being then eighty-two, he sur- veyed a piece of land and made out the deed. He attends the Congregational Church, to which his wife, formerly Mary A. Blake, belonged. In acting as ad- ministrator, he has had large sums of money intrusted to his care, and never did malice or suspicion whisper aught against his integrity. He is now living with his niece, Mrs. Elkins, and, having passed through a long and useful life, is prepared to be called away to his fathers. CHAPTER XXIV. DBERPIELD.i Geographical— jTopographical — Petition for Parish lucorporation — First Town-Meeting — Otficers Elected — The Revolution — Ecclesiastical — Congregational Church — Baptist Church — The Deerfield Academy — Attorneys — Physicians — Early Families — Delegates to Provincial Con- gress — Representatives and Town Clerks from 1789 to 1882. Deerfield lies in the northwestern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : On the north by Northwood, on the east by Nottingham, on the south by Raymond and Candia, and on the west by Mer- rimac County. The territory embraced within the bounds of the present town of Deerfield originally comprised a por- tion of Nottingham. The first petition for the organ- ization of a separate parish was presented in 1756, but was not granted. In 1765 the inhabitants again petitioned for separation from the parent town and the prayer, was granted, and the new parish took the name of Deerfield. Incorporation. — The act of incorporation bears the date Jan. 8, 1766, and is signed by Governor Benning Wentworth. Tlie petition was signed by the follow- ing persons : " Sam" Leavitt, Obadiah Marston, Tho' Simpson, Eliphelet GrifFeen, Abraham True, Isaac Shepard, Samuel Tilton, Peter Batchelder, Robert Cram, Patten Simpson, Nathaniel Batchelder, Jr., Thomas Brown, John Batchelder, Moses Thomson, Sam" Hoyt, Peter Leavitt, Ephraim Pettingell, Eliph- elet Marston, The" Griffin, Reuben Marston, Ben- jamin Cotton, Josiah Smith, Samuel Elkins, Jude Allen, John cram, Samuel Kelley, Wadleigh cram, Sam" Leavit, Jun', Samuel Marston, Reuben Brown, Nathan Griffeen, Reuben Marston, Theophilus Griffin, Jun', Samuel Winslow, Nathaniel Meloon, Benjamin 1 Condensed by permission from Rev. E. C. Cogswell's excellent ^ History of Nottingham, Northwood, and Deerfield." DEEUFIELD. 165 Page, Daniel Page, Samuel Perkins, Josiaii Cliase, Moses Chase, John Gile, nemiah cram, Joseph Graves, Jedediah Prescutt, David Batchelder, Josiah Prescutt, Samuel pulsfer, Josiah Sanbon, Thomas Robie, Wil- liam Sanbon, Joseph Mason, John mason, Jeremiah Easman, Owen Runnels, Daniel West, Benjamin hil- yard, Benjamin Beachelder, Israel Clifford, John Ro- binson, Joseph Roberd, Joshua Young, Jeremiah Glidden, Joseph pidkins, Richard Gliden, Andrew Glidden, John Young, Jonathan Glidden, Jonathan Hill, Daniel Lad, John Lad, Nathaniel Smith, Ben- jamin Folsom, MossThirston, Jeremiah Foslom, Moses Clough, Increse Batoheler, Benjamin Batchelder, nathan Batcheler, Josiah Sawyer, Samuel marston. The First Town-Mee.ting.— The first legal meet- ing was held at the house of Samuel Leavitt on Thurs- day, the 30th day of January, 1766 ; Wadleigh Cram was chosen moderator ; Thomas Simpson, Esq., parish clerk ; Samuel Leavitt, John Robinson, Eliphalet Griffin, selectmen ; Benjamin Batchelder, constable ; John Gile, Jacob Longfellow, Daniel Ladd, Obediah Marston, and Nathaniel Maloon, surveyors of high- ways; Jonathan Glidden and Samuel Tilton, asses- sors; Abram True and Jeremiah Eastman, auditors; Jedediah Prescott, Jeremiah Eastman, Samuel Tilton, Benjamin Folsom, Thomas Burleigh, Capt. Samuel Leavitt, Thomas Simpson were chosen "a Committee to look out for a Suitable Place to Sett a meeting- house upon and a Return att the next anual Meeting from under the major part of their hands and the Same to be received or Rejected by the Parish as they Shall think proper." Fifteen pounds lawful money were voted to be " assessed to defray parish charges." The first annual meeting was held " at the house of Wadleigh Crams," March 18, 1766, when John Robinson was chosen moderator; Thomas Simpson, parish clerk; and the same men for selectmen as last year ; Dr. Jonathan Hill and Jeremiah Eastman were chosen auditors. A new committee was raiSed for locating the meet- ing-house. " Voted Jn" Robinson, Abram True, Eliph- alet Eastman, Samuel Winslow. Nehemiah Cram be a Committee to Look out a Suitable place for to Sett a meeting-house on and Look out where the Roads will best accommodate to Come to Said Meet- ing-house." The first money voted to be raised for preaching the gospel was fifteen pounds, on the 15th day of December, 1766. At the same time it was voted, "That Capt. John Dudley be the Person to Look out for Some Suitable to supply the Parish of Deerfield with Preaching So far as the money above voted shall Extend." The Revolution. — Deerfield was active in its op- position to British oppression, contributed liberally in men and money. It appears that men from Deer- field gallantly fought at Lexington and in Rhode Island, and wherever New England men were found struggling for liberty. The names of eighteen per- sons from this town who died in the Revolution are preserved.^ It is believed that Maj. John Simpson fired the first gun upon the British with fatal result in that immortal battle at Bunker Hill. It was a premature discharge of his musket, but one that was immediately followed by a general engagement. Maj. Simpson died Oct. 28, 1825. Joseph Mills, an officer in Col. Cilley's regiment during the Revolution, was afterwards an efficient magistrate and a worthy repre- sentative. He died in June, 1809, aged sixty years. Hon. Richard Jenness, who acted so important a part j in the early history of this town, died July 4, 1819, aged seventy-three years, greatly respected as a mag- istrate, representative, senator, and judge of the Common Pleas Court. One hundred and thirty-nine of the inhabitants subscribed to the following declaration and fourteen refused: "We, the Subscribers, do hereby solemnly engage and promise that we will to the utmost of our power, at the risk of our lives and fortunes, with arms oppose the hostile proceedings of the British Fleets and Armies against the" United American Colonies." Ecclesiastical. — The first religious services in the town were held by the Congregationalists, and the first settled pastor was Rev. Timothy Upham, who officiated in that office from 1772 until his death in 1811. His successors have been as follows: Rev. Nathaniel Wells, 1812-41; Rev. Ephraim Nelson, 1841-49; Rev. William A. Patten, 1850-52; (for three years the pulpit was supplied by Rev. W. A. Forbes and E. F. Abbott) ; Rev. U. W. Condit, 1855 -64 ; Rev. Lyman White succeeded the second min- istry of Mr. Patten, commencing his labors in 1874. Rev. Mr. White graduated from Dartmouth in 1846 ; at Andover in 1849 ; preached at Epping five years, at Easton (Mass.) seven years, at Phillipston (Mass.) eight years, at Pembroke (N. H.) four years and a half. Baptist Church. — This church was organized in 1770 with fourteen members. The first pastor was Elifelet Smith. It was disbanded in 1787. A branch of the Brentwood Church was organized soon after, which subsequently became extinct, and in 1816 (September 12th) the " First Baptist Church of Deer- field" was organized. The first house of worship occupied by the Baptists was built 1770, and located about bne mile and a half southeast of the centre of the town. In 1822 it was removed to the centre and occupied in connection with the Free- Will Baptists, and was called the " Union Meeting-House." The Baptists completed and dedicated- their present sanctuary in October, 1834. Among those who have occupied the pastoral office are mentioned Revs. James Barnaby, Isaac Merring, 1 For list see history of Nottingham elsewhere in this work. 166 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Bela Wilcox, Isaac Sanger, O. O. Stearns, Noah Hooper, James N. Chase, L. C. Stevens, Edward T. Lyford, Oliver Ayer, Henry 0. Walker, etc. Free-Will Baptist Church.— This church was or- ganized in 1799. They worshiped many years in the Union meeting-house, which was burned in 1839, and rebuilt in 1840 by the Free- Will Baptist people alone, and is occupied by them now. This house is pleas- antly located at the centre of the town, midway between the Congregational and Calvin Baptist Churches. Among those who have labored as pastors of this church are John Kimball, S. B. Dyer, I. S. Davis, G. D. Garland, P. S. Burbank, C. S. Smith, Aaron Ayer, Ezra Turtle, G. S. Hill, and Ira Emery. Mr. Emery came here in 1871. He studied theology at Bangor Seminary, and was ordained at Industry, .Me., Sept. 9, 1868. He was dismissed from Deerfield in 1876, and was followed by E. Blake, the present pastor. The Deerfield Academy. — The families that set- tled here and on lands contiguous were to an unusual degree possessed of wealth and intellectual culture ; and besides caring for the district school, they sup- ported a high school, which for many years was known as the academy, founded about 1798 by Jo- seph Mills, Esq., Col. Joseph Hilton, Gen. Benjamin Butler, Maj. Isaac Shepard, and Andrew Freeze, Esq. It was a flourishing school in its day. Phineas Howe, a young lawyer at ,the Parade, was its first preceptor, and continued at its head until about 1812. Mr. Jewett, Nathan T. Hilton, and " Master James Hu- sey" were the most prominent successors of Mr. Howe. This academy building was ultimately sold to the Parade school district, a,nd destroyed by fire about 1842. Attorneys. — Among the attorneys who have prac- ticed here were David Frank, Edmund Toppem, Phineas Howe, Moody Kent, Josiah Butler, Jason Merrill, N. P. Hoar, D. Steele, Jr., F. H. Davis, Jo- siah Houghton, Ira St. Clair, Nathaniel Dearborn, and H. G. Cilley. In addition to the above, Francis D. Randall, of Deerfield, was register of deeds from 1834 to 1840. Richard Jenness was judge of Court of Common :^leas from 1809 to 1813. Dudley Freese was judge of Court of Common Pleas from 1832 to 1842. Benjamin Jenness was sheriff from 1830 to 1835. He was son of Judge Richard Jenness. Peter Chadwick was clerk of the Court of Common Pleas from 1817 to 1834, and clerk of the Superior Court from 1829 to 1837. Peter Sanborn was for several years State treas- urer. Physicians. — The physicians of Deerfield have been Edmund Chadwick, Thomas Brown, Stephen Brown, John Hidden, Dr. Young, and Dr. G. H. Towle. Dr. Towle is a native of Deerfield, and has an extensive practice. Early Families. — Among the early families are mentioned tho.se of Batchelder, Bean, Brown, Butler, Cate, Chadwick, Chase, Churchill, Cilley, Collins, Cram, Currier, Dearborn, Eastman, Freese, French, Furnald, Gerrish, Gilman, Grifiin, Haines, Hilton, Hoflg, James, Jenness, Maloon, Marston, Mills, Moore, Page, Prescott, Rand, Sanborn, Sawyer, Simpson, Smith, Stevens, G. H. Towle, Thomp- son, Tilton, True, Veasey, Weare, Whittier, White, and Woodman. "" Delegates to Provincial Congress. — The follow- ing is a list of delegates to Provincial Congress from 1774 to 1788, inclusive : 1774, Jan. 25. — Capt. Daniel Moore, Moaes Marshal, deputies to meet *' at Exeter to choose delegates to represent the province at Phila- delphia. 1775, May 8. — Simon Marston, Timothy Upham, delegates to Provincial Congress at Exeter. 1775, Dec. 12. — Jeremiah Eastman, representative for parishes of Deer- field and Northwood to a Congress to be held at Exeter, Dec. 21, 1775. 1776, Dec. 2. — Jeremiah Eastman, representative for Deerfield and North- wood, at Exeter, third Wednesday, December. 1777, Dec. 11. — Jeremiah Eastman, representative for Deerfield and Northwood, at Exeter. 1778, May 28. — Simon Marston, Richard Jenness, delegates at conven- tion to be holden at Concord, June 10th next, to frame and lay a permanent form of government. 1778, Dec. 1. — Jeremiah Eastman, representative to Congress at Exeter, for one year. 1779, Nov. 30. — Jeremiah Eastman, representative to Congress at Exeter, for one year. 1780, Dec. 5. — Simon Marston, representative to Congress at Exeter, for one year. 1781, Dec. 4. — Jeremiah Eastman, representative for Deerfield and North- wood. 1782, May 13. — Joseph , Dr. Edmund Chadwick, delegates to Con- vention at Concord on the first Wednesday in June to frame a con- stitution, 1783, Dec. 1. — .Teremiah Eastman, representative to General Assemljly, Concord, first Wednesday in December next. 1784. — Jeremiah Easton, representative to General Assembly, Concord, third Wednesday in June. 1785. — Moses Barnard, representative to General Assembly, Concord. 1786. — Moses Barnard, representative to General Assembly, Concord. 1787.— Voted not to send. 1788, Jan. 14.— Dr. Edmund Chadwick, delegate to Exeter, Feb. 13th, agreeably to request of General Assembly. 1788, March 18. — Kichard Jenness, representative General Assembly at Concord. REPRESENTATIVES AND TOWN CLERKS FROM 1789 to 1878. 1789. — Richard Jenness, representative ; Jeremiah Eastman, clerk. 1790. — Joseph March, representative ; Jeremiah Eastman, clerk. 1791. — Joseph March, representative; Jeremiah Eastman, clerk. 1792. — Joseph March, representative ; Jeremiah Eastman, clerk. 1793. —Joseph March, representative; Jeremiah Eastman, clerk. 1794. — Joseph March, representative ; Jeremiah Eastman, clerk, 1795. — Joseph March, representative ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1796. — Joseph Mills, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1797. — Dr. Edmund Chadwick, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1798. — Richard Jenness, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1799. — Joseph Mills, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1800. — Richard Jenness, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1801. — Richard Jenness, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1802, — Richard Jenuess, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1803. — Capt, Peter Sanborn, representative; Nathaniel Weare, cler, 1804, — Richard Jenness, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1805. — Col. Moses Barnard, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1806. — Col. Moses Barnard, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1807. — Col. Thomas Jenuess, representative ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1808. — Isaac Shephard, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. m-iki ly ffiprj„,; St DEERFIELD. 167 1809.— Isaac Shephard, representative ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1810.— Isaac Shephard, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. IS^l- — Col- Thomas Jenness, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1812.— Isaac Shephard, representative; Nathaniel Freeae, clerk. 1813. — Benjamin Butler, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1814. — Josiah Butler, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1816. — Josiah Butler, representative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1816.— Josiah Butler and Thomas Robinson, representatives; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1817.— Thomas Robinson and Jacob Freese, representatives ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1818. — Thomas Robinson and Jacob Freese, representatives ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1819. — Thomas Robinson and Jacob Freeae, representatives ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1820. — Thomas Robinson and Jacob Freese, representatives; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1821. — Andrew Page, first representative ; no choice for second repre- sentative; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1822. — Andrew Page and John S. Jenness, representatives ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk, 1323,— Jacob Freese and John S. Jenness, representatives ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk, 1824. — Jacob Freese and Daniel Haines, representatives ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1825. — Daniel Haines and Gilbert Chadwick, representatives ; Nathaniel Weare, clerk. 1826. — Gilbert Chadwick and Dudley Freese, representatives; Nathaniel Weare and Benjamin Stevens, clerks. 1827, — Dudley Freese and Benning W. Sanborn, representatives; Ben- jamin Stevens, clerk. 1828. — Dudley Freese and Benjamin Jenness, representatives; Benjamin Stevens, clerk. 1829. — Benjamin Jenness and Winthrop Hilton, representatives ; Benja- min Stevens, clerk. 1830. — Benjamin Jenness, Andrew Freese, representatives; Benjamin Stevens, clerk. 1831. — Andrew Freese and Samuel Collins, representatives; Benjamin Stevens, clerk. 1832. — Andrew Freese and Samuel Collins, representatives; Benjamin Stevens, clerk. 1833. — B. W. Sanborn and Joseph Merrill, representatives; Benjamin Stevens, clerk. 1834. — B. W. Sanborn and Joseph Merrill, representatives; Benjamin Stevens, clerk. 1835.— Peter Jenness and John James, representatives; Benjamin Ste- vens, clerk. 1836.— Peter Jenness and John James, representatives; Benjamin Ste- vens, clerk. 1837.— Stephen Cram and J. W. James, representatives; Edmund Chad- wick, clerli. 1838.— Stephen Cram and J. W. James, representatives; Edmund Chad- wick, clerk. 1839. — Ira St. Clair and Benjamin Jenness, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk, 1840. — Ira St. Clair and Benjamin James, representatives ; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1841.^Peter Sunborn and Thomas D. Robinson, representatives; Ed- mund Chadwick, clerk. 1842.— Peter Sanborn and Thomas D. Bobinson, representatives; Ed- mund Chadwick, clerk. 1843. — Stephen Prescott and Samuel S. Melloon, representatives; Ed- mund Chadwick, clerk. 1844. — Stephen Prescott and Samuel S. Melloon, representatives; Ed- mund Chadwick, clerk. 1845. — Samuel B.Page and Elbridge Tilton, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1846. — John James and George W. Prescott, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1847. — Elbridge Tilton and John Page, Jr., representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1848. — George W, Prescott and John Dearborn, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1849. — Samuel Woodman, Jr., John Dearborn, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1850.— Jeremiah Batchelder and S. G. Carswell, representatives; Ed- mund Chadwick, clerk. 1851.- William Whittier and H. G. Cilley, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1852. — Williiim Whittier and H. G. Cilley, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1863, — A. L. Jenness and Thomas Veasey, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1854. — A. L- Jenness and Thomas Veasey, representatives; Edmund Chadwick, clerk. 1855. — John Robinson, Jr., first representative; no choice for second represetitativo ; Joseph J. Mills, clerk. 1856. — John S. Hidden and Jeremiah Fellows, representatives; Edmund Rand, clerk. 1867. — John S. RobinSon, Jeremiah Follows, representatives; Joseph J. Mills, clerk. 1858. — Eben Marston and Joseph 0. Cram, representatives; Joseph J. Mills, clerk. 1859. — Eben Marston and Joseph C. Cram, representatives ; Joseph J. Mills, clerk. 1860. — Joseph J. Dearborn, first representative; voted not to send second representative; Joseph J. Mills, clerk, 1861. — Joseph J.Dearborn and Sewell Goodhue, representatives; Isaac H. Morrison, clerk. 1862. — John M. Freese and Benjamin S. Brown, representatives; Isaac H. Morrison, clerk. 1863. — John M. Freese and John S. Robinson, representatives; John S. French, clerk. 1864. — Benjamin S. Brown, Ezra A. J. Sawyer, representatives; John A. Law, clerk. 1865. — Ezra A. J. Sawyer and Isaac H. Morrison, representatives ; John R. Law, clerk. 1866. — Isaac H. Morrison, James Bean, representatives; John B. Law, clerk. 1867. — James Bean and Richard J. Sanborn, representatives ; Jonathan H. Bachelder, clerk. 1868.— Abraham G. Ladd, Joseph R. Gerrish, representatives ; J. F. Pres- cott, clerk. 1869. — Joseph R. Gerrish and Richard J. Sanborn, repreaentatives ; J. F. Prescott, clerk. 1870. — Joseph H. Veasey, Abraham G. Ladd, representatives; J. Frank Prescott, clerk. 1871. — Jonathan D. Gate, Jeremy Rawlins, Jr., repi-esentatives; J. F. Prescott, clerkj 1872. — Jonathan D. Gate and Jeremy Rawlins, Jr,, representatives; J. F. Prescott, clerk. 1873. — Stephen Prescott, Jr., George P. Prescott, representatives; J. F. Prescott, clerk. 1874. — Stephen Prescott, Jr., George P. Prescott, representatives ; J, F. Prescott, clerk. 1875. — John B. Legro, Martin W.Ghilds, representatives; J.F. Prescott, clerk. 1876. — John C. Brown, Martin W. Obilds, representatives ; J. F. Prescott, clerk. 1877. — John C.Brown, George J. French, representatives; J.F. Prescott, clerk. 1878. — Joseph H. Veasey, Samuel Woodman, representatives ; Charles E. P. Hoyt, clerk. For " Military Record" 1861-65, see history of Not- tingham elsewhere in this work. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. HON. J. J. DEARBORN. The pioneers of the Dearborn family in Upper Rockingham were two young men, cousins-german, who, about 1772, established themselves, the one, Henry (afterwards major-general, Secretary of War, etc.), at Nottingham as a physician, and the other, Edward, at Deerfield as a farmer. Edward died sud- denly in the prime of life, and his eldest son, Sewall, 168 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. succeeded to the homestead, where he passed a long and useful life. Hon. Jose'ph J. Dearborn, whose portrait herewith appears, was the son of Sewall and Sarah Dow Dear- born, and was born March 8, 1818. He had the usual advantages of schooling then common to most coun- try boys, and at an early age obtained employment in a country store. On attaining his majority he began business for himself at the old " Jenness store," at Deeriield South Road. When about twenty- five years of age he removed to Bangor, Me., where for a term of years he was engaged in the hardware trade, until on account of broken health he was com- pelled to retire from all active business. He finally returned to his native town, and soon after estab- lished a shoe-factory, and for more than twenty years pursued that business at South Deerfield, where he still resides. Mr. Dearborn is a man of positive con- victions, active temperament, and great earnestness of purpose, and through many years of active life has borne among his neighbors a prominent part in all those questions that an eventful period has suc- cessively brought forward. He has from time to time held most of the ofiices within the gift of his towns- men, and in 1860 and 1861 represented his town in the General Court, and in 1865 and 1866 his district in the New Hampshire State Senate. Mr. Joseph Henry Dearborn, of Pembroke, is his only surviving child. EZRA A. J. SAWYER. Ezra A. J. Sawyer was born in Deerfield, N. H., Nov. 3, 1828. His great-grandfather, Josiah Sawyer, was one of the original proprietors of Nottingham. His wife was a sister of Jeremiah Eastman, who sur- veyed the town of Deerfield. E. A. J. Sawyer is a son of John and Clarissa (Chesley) Sawyer, and grandson of David, third son of Josiah. He was reared a farmer, and received a common-school and academical education, and in early manhood taught school. May 24, 1863, he married Sarah Collins, daughter of Joseph Bean and Lydia H. Collins, who was a daughter of Col. Samuel Collins ; she was born April 8, 1830. Their children are Fred. B., born April 16, 1854; John F., born March 2, 1856; and Mabel J., born April 11, 1861. Mr. Sawyer was ap- pointed collector of taxes as soon as he was old enough to hold the position, and in 1855 was appointed deputy sheriff, which ofiice he has held uninterruptedly (with the exception of two years) to the present time. He was representative to thpe State Legislature in 1865-66, and has been justice of the peace and quorum through- out the State for many years. He was appointed postmaster in 1874, and still holds the appointment. In politics, Mr. Sawyer is a Republican, stanch yet liberal. His life has been a very active one, and it is char- acteristic of him that whatever he undertakes to do he does thoroughly: He is strict in the performance of his duty, but withal a kind-hearted man and warm friend, honest and honorable. He is an attendant of the Congregational Church, of which Mrs. Sawyer is a member. Mr. Sawyer's sons left home for Dubuque, Iowa, in 1874, where they remained about two years. The youngest traveled quite extensively in a business capacity, but both are now settled at Lead City, Dak., one a hotel-keeper, the other engaged in lumber busi- ness. The daughter has attended Packer Institute in Brooklyn, N. Y., but is now at home. CHAPTER XXV. ' DBRRY.i As the territory of Derry formed a large and im- portant part of " Nuffield," or Old Londonderry, its history, down to the time when division became a ne- cessity, is to be found in connection with that town. Derry was incorporated July 2, 1827. Prior to that time the town-meetings had been held alternately at the East and West Parish Meeting-houses with equal division of the offices. It was found, however, that the large size of the town made it very inconvenient to attend the town-meetings. The East Parish there- fore called for a division, the West opposed it ; but after a short, sharp, but decisive contest the New Hampshire Legislature divided the town. In the autunin of 1827 a meeting was held, oflBcers were chosen, and the new town put upon its course. The basis of division gave to Derry three-fifths of the valuation of the old town and three-fifths of the population. The number of inhabitants in Derry at that time was about twenty-two hundred, and al- though there has been no increase great advance has been made in the material interests of the people. Many elegant and costly houses have been built, the large number of fine farms in town greatly improved, and evidence is seen on every hand of the general prosperity and wealth that attend upon intelligence, labor, and capital. The Pinkerton Academy in Londonderry was founded by the brothers Maj. John and Elder James Pinkerton, sons of John Pinkerton, who came from the north of Ireland and settled in Londonderry in 1738 or 1739, " the Scotchman who passed over from Scotland to .Ireland, and after the battle of the Boyne emigrated to New Hampshire, introduced the culture of the potato and flax and the manufacture of linen, both thread, sheeting, and diaper.'' John and James Pinkerton were for fifty years leading merchants of that region. " They were both men of more than ordinary financial ability, uniting in their character Scotch prudence and stability with Yankee enterprise. 1 By R. C. Mack. ^i" A DERKY. lt)9 They were distinguished, moreover, by their strict moral and religious principles and habits." These gentlemen contributed as permanent funds of the academy fourteen thousand five hundred dollars, which afterwards accumulated to sixteen thousand. A charter was obtained June 15, 1814, and the school opened in December, 1815. An act of incorporation was secured " by the name of the Pinkerton Academy in Londonderry." This name was afterwards changed to "Pinkerton Academy." It was given "for the purpose of promoting piety and virtue, and /or the education of youth in such of the liberal arts and Sciences or Languages as the Trustees hereinafter provided shall direct." The trustees named and appointed by the act of incorporation were "the Kev. William Morrison, John Pinkerton, Jr., Esquire, John Burnham, Es- quire, Isaac Thorn, Esquire, Deacon James Pinkerton, Eev. Edward L. Parker, John Porter, Esquire, Alan- son Tucker, Esquire, and Doctor Eobert Bartley, all j of said Londonderry." To these have been added j successively as vacancies occurred thirty-one other gentlemen, including usually the ministers for the time of the original East and West Parishes of Old Londonderry, and of the Congregational society in the village, also those of Windham and Chester and of some other towns more distant, and with these a considerable proportion of laymen, who have from the beginning rendered essential service to the in- stitution and the interest which it is designed to promote. The first president was Elder or Deacon (for he was called by both titles) James Pinkerton, the younger of the original founders. Then followed, in 1819, Rev. Edward L. Parker, the minister of the East Parish. In 1822, Rev. Daniel Dana, then minister of the West Parish, and afterwards president of Dart- mouth College. Dr. Dana was succeeded in 1826 by Hon. William M. Richardson, of Chester, long the chief justice of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire. Rev. John H. Church, D.D., of Pelham, became president in 1838, and Rev. Edward L. Parker, the second time, in 1840. On the decease of Mr. Parker, in 1850, John Porter, Esq., of Derry, " an eminent jurist," was chosen his successor. In 1858, Samuel H. Taylor, LL.D., of Andover, Mass.; in 1871, John M. Pinkerton, Esq., of Boston ; and in 1881, Rev. Ebenezer G. Parsons, of Derry, were successively elected to the office on the demise of their predeces- sors. The first preceptor was Samuel Burnham, Esq., who had been teacher of a classical school many years in the Upper or East Village. Mr. Burnham resigned in 1818! Mr. Weston B. Adams was pre- ceptor one year, and was followed by the most re- nowned of the teachers who have successively filled this chair, Abel Fletcher Hildreth. Mr. Hildreth •was born in 1793, fitted for college at Phillips' Exeter Academy, and graduated at. Harvard in 1818. He entered upon his duties as preceptor of the academy in October, 1819, and resigned in 1846. He died in Somerville, Mass., Oct. 6, 1864, aged seventy-one years. Space is not allowed to give the honored names of gentlemen who have successively and nobly filled the office of preceptor or assistant in this school, nor of the long list of students who have received their earlier education here. Several thousands is their number. Very many of them have been greatly useful in the different walks of life ; a large propor- tion of them have been eminent in the professions or pursuits in which they have engaged. One hundred and thirty of them are included in the roll of honor reported at the semi-centennial anniversary, which gives the names of former members of the school who served in the late war, and of whom many laid down their lives for their country. Pinkerton Academy was originally a mixed school. This arrangement continued until the opening of tlie Adams Female Academy in the Upper Village, now East Derry. It was then changed into a boys' school, and remained such till 1853, when it was again opened to both sexes. The ladies who were here educated in the earlier times have mostly passed away. But their education did much to make them the intelligent and noble women they were, and to fit them to exert a re- fining and quickening influence upon their families and the communities of which they formed so influ- ential a part. The semi-centennial anniversary of this institution was celebrated Sept. 12, 1866, by special services com- memorative of its founding, history, and influence. The citizens of Derry and Londonderry engaged in it with zeal. A great crowd of the members and friends were present, including a number of those who were members of the school in its earliest years. The chair was taken by S. H. Taylor, LL.D., of Andover, Mass., president of the board of trustees, who, after prayer by Rev. P. B. Day, D.D., of Hollis, made the opening address. This was followed by an oration by Rev. James T. McCollom, of Medford, Mass. The audience having listened with intense interest to the address and oration, sang together a psalm of thanksgiving, beginning, " Bless, my Soul, the liv- ing God," when other gentlemen who were connected with the academy at different periods gave, with de- lightful effect, reminiscences of the times when they were pupils here. ' Among the older alumni who made addresses were Lieut.-Governor George Washington Patterson, of the State of New York, Rev. William C. Dana, D.D., of Charleston, S. C, Hon. Gerry W. Cochrane, of Bos- ton, Hon. Daniel S. Richardson, of Lowell, Hon. Elias Hasket Derby, of Boston, and many others of more recent connection with the school. The pro- ceedings of the day were published in a neat pam- phlet, under the direction of the trustees, entitled 1*70 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. " Semi-Centennial of Pinkerton Academy." The oc- casion was most thoroughly enjoyed, and was a solid benefit to the institution. The permanent funds of the academy, derived from the bequests of the brothers John and James Pinker- ton, amounted, in the year 1848, to sixteen thousand one hundred and eighty-five dollars and eighteen cents (816,185.18), of which not a dollar is known to have been lost. This sum, mainly by judicious invest- ments and a prosperous school, has become twenty thousand dollars. It was provided in the deeds of gift by the original donors that the surplus income of any year shall be added to the permanent funds. With the means in their hands the trustees have been enabled, during the sixty-seven years of the existence of this institution, to contribute very greatly to the best interests of the communities around it and of the world by " the promotion of piety and virtue" in the country and the thousands of youth who have re- sorted hither and received their early " education in liberal arts and sciences and languages." A recent princely bequest of two hundred thousand dollars to the funds of the academy by John Morison Pinkerton, Esq., of Boston, son of the younger of the original founders, a trustee since 1850, and president from 1871 until his death, makes it desirable' that some notice be given here of so eminent a benefactor. He was born in Derry, N. H., Feb. 6, 1818, and died Feb. 6, 1881. He fitted for college at the academy, graduated from Yale in 1841, was a teacher two years in Lunenburg County, Va., pursued the study of law in the Harvard Law School and in the office of Wil- liam Gray, Esq., and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1846. In the same year he united with the Mount Vernon Congregational Church, under the pastorate of Eev. Edward N. Kirk, D.D. Those who knew him best say "he made religion of his business and busi- ness of his religion." His own words to a friend but two or three days before his death are the expression of his own most serious thoughts : " There is nothing that seems so desirable as moral and spiritual worth, which makes a man love to do things which flesh and pride and covetousness hate to do, and never will do. This power comes from on high, and can be had if wanted in dead earnest." His hand of charity and benevolence was always open. During the later years of his life his gifts to these objects exceeded one-third of his net income. Mr. Pinkerton was a profound student of the Bible and of all within his reach that could illustrate its meaning. He read through the Greek Testament six times in twenty years, and had proceeded more than half the way on the seventh reading when death over- took him. There are in the possession of his late pastor, Kev. S. E. Herrick, D.D. (from whose most interesting " Memorial Discourse" a large part of these paragraphs have been taken) "more than a dozen books, containing in the aggregate doubtless some thousands of pages, filled with the results of careful thought and study upon tlie Bible. They cover the whole range of revealed truth. There is no dry commonplace in them. They are dewy in their freshness, original, bristling, piquant. There are single words compact with meaning in every page. He did not know how to be superficial. He was a man who kept abreast with the thought of the time, who did not hold to the past merely because it was old nor take up with the new because it was new, but who loved the truth, old or new, because it was truth, and therefore of God. He was a man so strong as to have no fear of the boldest questioning ; so generous as to sympathize with all earnest doubt that asks for light ; so wise as to detect and expose all sophistry ; so liberal-minded as to recognize and give due credit to all excellence in opposing or differing opinion,.and withal sure of his own intellectual and spiritual foot- ing." The addition of Mr. John M. Pinkerton's be- quest to the permanent fund is not immediately avail- able for the purposes of the school. The income, ex- cept certain annuities to relations, is to accumulate until a sum is secured from this source sufficient for the erection of a new building which may be adequate to the requirements of the new era of its enlarged usefulness. The present trustees (1882) are Rev. E. G. Parsons, president; William Anderson, Esq., treasurer; Rev. David Bremner, Eev. Benjamin F. Parsons, secretary ; Eev. Robert Haskins, Eev. Charles Tenney, Nathan B. Prescott, Esq., William G. Means, Esq., John P. Newell, Esq. Adams Female Academy. — This is the first acad- emy in New Hampshire that received incorporation from the Legislature as an institution for the educa- tion of young ladies alone. They had been allowed the privileges of the Pinkerton Academy for a few years after its establishment, but when a change was made allowing only males to attend the school the citizens thought best to have an academy where their daughters as well could get a suitable education. Hence the origin of the Adams Female Academy. A classical school had been taught for several years previous in a building erected about 1793, on the East Parish Meeting-house common, near the ceme- tery. The first teacher in this school was' Z. S. Moor, subsequently president of Williams and Amherst Colleges. His successor was Samuel Burnham, a noted teacher in his day, who held the position more than twenty years. In 1814 a new and laro-er acad- emy was built on the site of the old one, then gone to decay. The donation Maj. Pinkerton made after- wards to the academy in the Lower Village, and which took his name, was originally intended for the school " on the Hill," but in consequence of a little sharp practice on the part of those who had charge of the bill when before the Legislature for incorporation the gift was diverted from the Upper Village to the Lower. In 1823, upon receiving a bequest of $4000 from '^Vat , / tAA^tjuZn^. DERRY. 171 the estate of Jacob Adams, the school was incorpo- rated by the name of the " Adams Female Academy.'' The next year it went into operation under charge of Miss Zilpah P. Grant, assisted by Miss Mary Lyon. After tbree years' continuance with the school, during which it enjoyed great prosperity, they resigned. Following are the names of the successive teachers : Charles P. Gale, ten years ; John Kelley, three years ; Miss Laura W. Dwight, three years. In the winter of 1841-42 extensive repairs were made upon the building. The next teacher was Edward P. Parker, who had charge of the school four years. He was succeeded by Miss Mary E. Taylor, afterwards the wife of Governor H. Fairbanks, of Vermont ; Rev. E. T. Rome, Henry S. Parker, N. E. Gage, Miss E. C. Bubier, A. J. Marshall, Jennie M. Bartlett, and Mary A. Hoyt. In 1860, Miss Emma L. Taylor took charge of the school. She held the position seventeen years. Miss E. F. Billings followed her, and she again was suc- ceeded by Miss Carrie Clark. The school is now under the direction of Mrs. David S. Clark. The academy celebrated its semi-centennial July 1, 1878. Banks, — In 1829 a bank was incorporated in the town by the name of " Derry Bank." Alanson Tucker was chosen president, and James Thorn, cashier. They were chiefly instrumental in its organization, and held their positions respectively as president and cashier until the expiration of the charter in 1849. Mr. Tucker was born in Bridgewater, Mass., Jan. 25, 1777, and died at Derry, June 16, 1863. He was, for about seventeen years a successful merchant in Boston, Mass. He retired from business at middle life, came to Derry, then Londonderry, with an ample fortune, and pur- chased the historic Livermore-Prentice-Derby estate, upon which he resided for a time. Subsequently he built the large mansion now owned by his grandson, Edward McGregor, where he passed the closing years of his life. James Thom, born in Londonderry, Aug. 14, 1785, was the son of Dr. Isaac and Persis (Sargent) Thom. He graduated at Dartmouth in 1805, studied law, and practiced his profession in his native town until chosen cashier of the bank. He served as cap- tain for a short time of a company during the last war with England. He possessed fine conversational powers, a social disposition, and had large influence in town. He died Nov. 27, 1852. Derry National Bank was chartered in 1864, with a capital of $60,000. The first cashier was David Currier, from Chester, N. H., who was succeeded by his son, George C. Currier, John P. Newell, and Fred. Johnston Shepard. June, 1881, the banking-house was removed from Derry Depot to Bartlett's new build- ing at Derry village. The present directors are John W. Noyes, Chester, president ; N. B. Prescott, George Moor, Joseph Montgomery, William H. Shepard, Frank W. Parker, and H. C. Matthews, of Derry. Cemetery.— There is but one in all the large town of Derry. The old part is on land laid out to Rev. James McGregore. It was the first land in the old town used for burial purposes, and has date very near the first settlement. There were deaths shortly after the settlers set foot upon the soil, and nothing is known of other places of burial. Three additions have been made, one in 1826 and another about 1845, and in 1852 a cemetery association was formed, and land pur- chased on the western side of the old yard. The new part occupies all the ground between the resting-place of the fathers and the highway. No more beautiful repose for the dead can anywhere be found. All that art, money, and taste can command has been sum- moned to the task of fitting a place " Where the long concoui-se from the neighboring town, ^ With funeral pace, and Blow, can enter in. To lay the loved in tranquil silence down. No more to suffer, and no more to sin." It is, however, to tlie middle part of this cemetery that the steps of the antiquary are directed. Here he will find much to gratify his taste and stimulate his peculiar lines of thought. The curiously-carved stones with the quaint inscriptions carry him back to the 'Igood old times" so much celebrated in story and in song. Let us pause for a moment at the grave of John Wight, whose wit and skill as a maker of headstones for his contemporaries have survived the rough discipline of one hundred and seven years. His stone, a single one, with two heads for man and wife, with a dividing line down the middle, evidently the work of his own hands, stands very near the entrance of the cemetery, "Here lies the body of John Wight, who died Dec. 3, 1775, aged 72 years.'' He lived on what is now the Thomas Bradford place, where he plied his calling as a gravestone cutter. The tradi- tions of the town delight to recall the sharp repartee he made to Dr. Matthew Thornton a few months after the doctor came to Londonderry. It is well known that Thornton had an endowment of wit that often cropped out. Riding up one morning on horseback to the shop of Wight, who was busily engaged on a stone, the doctor accosted him, " Good-raorning, Mr. Wight, I suppose you quarry out your headstones, and finish them so far as to cut the words ' In memory of,' and then wait till some one dies, when you complete it with the appropriate name." " Well," replied Wight, " that used to be me practis till one Dr. Thornton come to town, but now when I hear that he has called upon any one I just keep right on." Many of the grantees of the town are buried in this cemetery, and the first six ministers of the East Parish lie among the people to whom they ministered. Rev. David Mc- Gregor, the first minister of the West Parish, found also his last resting-place here. Very few of the stones furnish any history of the sleepers who lie beneath. The inscription on the stone placed to the memory of the wife of John Barr very nearly fixes the date of the emigration of the Barr family: "Here lies the body of Jean Barr, who died Nov. 11, 1737, in the 66 year of her age, who lived 17 years in this 172 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. land." On the east side of the old part of the ceme- tery is a stone inscribed as follows : " Here lyetl) tlie Body of the Revened talents both natural and ac- quired. He evidently possessed a vigorous mind, and was strictly evangelical in his doctrinal views." Rev. Matthew Clakk succeeded to the pastoral office in the First Church immediately after the death of Mr. McGregor. Although never installed over the people, he is usually enrolled among the minjsters of that parish. He died Jan. 25, 1735, aged seventy-six years, having had charge of the church about six years. Notwithstanding his brief term of service, more is known of him at the present day than is known of his predecessor and his first and second successors, although their united pastorates amount to about sixty-five years. Scarcely a word of their sayings or a line of their writings have come down to us, but those of Matthew Clark still live in the mem- ories of the people, and are common in the literature of the day. This is due partly to his wit and the ec- centricity of his character, and partly to the military renown that attaches to his name as an ofiicer in the 178 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. famous siege of Londonderry 1688-89. So many an- ecdotes are credited to liira that it is difBcult to find a new one. Preaching one day he read the words of Peter with the subjoined commentary : " Master, we have forsaken all and followed thee." " Poor boast- ing Pater! ye left a' did ye? and what had ye to leave but a crazy auld boat and a wheen of rotten nets?" Rev. Mr. Parker sums up his character as follows : "He was sound in the faith, decided and independent in his sentiments, and fearless in defense of what he judged to be correct in doctrine and practice." Eev. Thomas Thompson. — The freeholders and inhabitants of Londonderry " Voted, Nov. 3, 1782, that the Eev. Mr. McBride, of Bellemory, Ireland, and Mr. Robert Boyer, of Londonderry, are chosen commis- sioners to prefer our call for a minister in Ireland," and the same day " Voted to purchase Hugh Craige's half-lot for said minister, and to bestow one hundred acres of land upon him." Roberc Boyer, Esq., went to Ireland, and returned in October, 1733, bringing with him Rev. Thomas Thompson, who was cheerfully received and accepted by the people. He died Sept. 22, 1738, after a short but successful ministry of five years, leaving a widow and one son, for whose educa- tion the town voted a gratuity of seventy pounds. Rev. William Davidson. — He was installed in 1739. Rev. Mr. Parker briefly sketches his life : " He was a man of very amiable character, possessing a peculiarly mild, friendly, and benevolent disposition. He did not excel as a theologian or as a public speaker. He was supposed to be inclined to Armin- ianism, yet as a pastor he was diligent and affection- ate." He left two sons and two daughters. John, the eldest son, became a loyalist, and was proscribed and banished by the act of the New Hampshire Leg- islature, Nov. 19, 1778. Both sons removed to Nova Scotia at the commencement of the Revolution. Mr. Davidson's daughter Ann married Rev. Solomon Moor, of New Boston, N. H. A great-grandson has a residence in a house built on the land of his ancestors. Rev. Jonathan Brown. — After a vacancy of four years, Mr. Brown, in 1795, was installed by the Lon- don , Presbytery over the East Parish. This action of the Presbytery proved unwise, as it led to dissen- sion in jthe parish, which resulted in the formation of a Congregational society two or three years after. The seceding part maintained a feeble existence about twelve years, worshiping in the lower hall of Dr. Isaac Thorn's tavern. In 1809 it came back to the Presby- terian fold. Mr. Brown was dismissed in 1804, and died in February, 1808, aged eighty years. He lived on the home-lot laid out to Samuel Houston, at pres- ent the residence of Samuel Clark, at the east end of Beaver Pond. Rev. Edwaed LuTWYCEtE Paekee was named for the loyalist, Edward Goldstone Lutwyche, of Mer- rimac, N. H., whose estate was confiscated and sold to Hon. Matthew Thornton. He was ordained Sept. 12, 1810, and died suddenly wh'ile pastor of the church, July 14, 1850. Mr. Parker was the aXithor of the valuable history of the town, published in 1851 by his son, Edward P. Parker. He was succeeded June 18, 1851, by Rev. J. W. Wellman, a native of Cornish, N. H., a graduate of Dartmouth and Andover. He was dismissed May 26, 1850. From Sept. 1, 1857, to December, 1859, Rev. E. N. Hidden was acting pastor. He was followed by Rev. L. S. Parker, Feb. 20, 1861, dismissed June 10, 1869. Rev. David Bremner was installed April 27, 1871, and dismissed Sept. 10, 1873. Rev. E. S. Huntress succeeded Feb. 25, 1875, and was dismissed April, 1877. Rev. John S. Harris, the present pastor, was installed July 8, 1880. Methodist Churcli and Ministers.— A Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in Derry Aug. 6, 1834. Oct. 25, 1834, notice was published of the formal organization of a society. It was signed by Caleb Dustin, John Taylor, Gilman Dinsmore, and William S. Follansbee; Mr. Dinsmore, clerk. The society held services at first for a short time at the houses of its members, butsoon occupied the " Birch School-house" at the lower end of the village. The church prospered, and more and better accommoda- tions being needed in 1836 a meeting-house was erected. Following is the roll of clergymen of this church and society: Philo Bronson, 1834-35; Mr. James McCane, 1835-36 ; Samuel Hoyt, 1836-37 ; William H. Brewster, 1837-38 ; Michael Quimby, 1838-40 ; Jonathan Hazelton, 1840-41 ; S. S. Mat- thews, 1841-43 ; James Adams, 1843-44 ; from 1844 to 1848 no record; Mr. G. W. T. Rogers, 1848-49; F. Q. Barrows, 1849-50 ; James Palmer, 1850-51 ; Isaac S. Cushman, 1851-52; Charles Smith, 1852-53; from 1852 to 1857, supplied by students; Mr. Hamlin and Mr. Parkhurst, 1857-58 ; John W. Adams, 1858-60; Lorenzo Draper, 1860-62; Rufus Tilton, 1862-64 ; E. Lewis, 1864^65 ; N. G. Cheney and W. P. Ray, 1865-66 ; W. P. Ray, 1866-67 ; W. W. H. Pillsbury, 1867-68; James Noyes, 1868-69; Elihu Scott, 1869-70 ; W. B. Osgood, 1870-71 ; J. W. Dear- born, 1871-75 ; A. E. Higgins, 1872-73 ; A. B. Carter, 1873-77'; S. C. Farnham, 1877-78; N. Alger, 1878- 79 ; W. W. Smith, 1879-81 ; O. A. Farley, 1881-82 ; Frederic C. Pillsbury, 1882-83. Ministers of the First Congregational Church.— This church was constituted Aug. 3, 1837, and con- sisted of forty members from the Presbyterian society in Derry and twenty-three from the Presbyterian Church in Londonderry. Their first pastor was Rev. Pliny B. Day, a graduate of Amherst and Andover. He was ordained Oct. 4, 1837, and dismissed June 9, 1851. His successors are as follows : Rev. Ebenezer G. Parsons, who gradu- ated at Bowdoin and Bangor, was installed Oct. 1 1851, and dismissed Oct. 7, 1869; Rev. Robert W. Haskins, a graduate of the New York University and Andover, ordained Nov. 19, 1872, and dismissed Oct. 15, 1878. The preseat pastor, Rev. Daniel W. Eich- DERRY. 179 ardson, was installed Feb. 26, 1880. He is a gradu- ate of Union College, New York, and Andover, Mass. Baptist Society at Derry Depot.— A Baptist Church was organized here Oct. 10, 1880. Their place of worship .was in Smith's Hall, burned in the fire of Aug. 19, 1882. The church numbers twenty- six members, and their pastor. Rev. Alfred S. Stowell, was ordained Nov. 17, 1880. SOLDIERS OB' DEERT. Wesley B. Knight, Corp., Co. C, let Regt. ; eul. May 2, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 9, 1861. William J. Bassett, Oo. H, 1st Regt. ; enl. May 3, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 9, 1861. Melvin Chaae, Oo. 0, Ist Regt. ; enl. May 2, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 9, 1861. Marian P. Clark, Oo. H, 1st Eegt, ; enl. May 3, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 9, 1801. ■William H. Martin, Co. 0, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl.Feb. 18, 1864; disch. Aug. 2a, 1866. Ueorge W. Carr, Co. I, 4th Regt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; disch. Dec. 27, 1861. George S. Greenongh, Co. I, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Joseph -Johnson, Co. I, 4th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 16, 1864; disch, Aug. 23, 1866. Albert D. W. Emei-son, coi-p. Co. I, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1,1864; disch. Aug. 23, 1866. Albion K. Goodwin, Co. I, 4th Regt.; enl. Sept. 18,1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 16, 1864; disch. Sept. 29, 1864. John Christie, Co. I, 4th Regt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; disch. July 6, 1862. Louis Loudeau, Co. I, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; disch. Dec. 27, 1861. Horace Til ton, Co. I, 4th regt, ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 14, 1864 ; absent, sick, since May 25, 1866; no discharge furnished; pro. to sergt. Horace F. Abbott, Co, K, 4th Regt, ; enl. Deo, 24, 1863 ; disch. Aug. 23, • 1865. John G. Otis, Co. B, 4th Regt.; enl. Deo. 20, 186i; disch. June 13, 1865. Thomas Grimes, Co. G, 4th Regt. ; enl. Dec, 26, 1863 ; no discharge fur- nished. Joseph Anderson, Co. K, 4th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 26, 1863. Patrick Colbert, Co. K, 4th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 26, 1863; disch. Aug. 23, 1866. Robert Wellington, Co. K., 4th Eegt. ; enl. July 28, 1864. David C. Owen, Co. C, 4th Eegt. ; enl, Feb. 19, 1864 ; disch. Aug. 23, 1865. Charles M. Ordway, Co. I, 4th Regt. ; enl. Feb. 16, 1864 ; disch. Aug. 23, 1865. Isaac L.Gardner, Co. D, 5th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 11, 1863; pro. to Corp.; pro. to 2d lieut. Feb. 28, 1865 ; pro. to 1st lieut. May 5, 1865 ; not mustered; disch. as 2d lieut. Juue 28, 1865. Edwin Brickett, Co. D, 6th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; died June 2, 1864. Nehemiah Richardson, Co, D, 6th Regt, ; enl, Aug, 11, 1863 ; disch, June 28, I860. John Otto, Co. I, 5th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 8, 1864; disch. June 28, 1865, IsHiali A, Duotin, pro, to sergt, ; pro, to 2d lieut. July 19, 1862 ; Co. F, 6th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; pro. to 1st lieut. Feb. 1,1863; pro. to capt. Not. 1, 1863; disch. May 17, 1864. Benjamin D. Foster, Oo. G, 6th Regt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; killed Aug. 29, 1862. Isachor 0, Foster, Co. G, 6th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 28, 18,61 ; disch. Nov. 27, 1864. Dwight E. Hale, Co. G, 6th Regt.; enl. Dec. 9, 1861; prisoner of war since Sept. 30, 1864 ; no discharge given or muster out of organization. George E. Upton, Co. G, 6th Regt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; pro. to Ist lieut. Oct. 30, 1863, Co. F ; killed July 30, 1864. Charles Black, 6th Eegt.; eul. May 17, 1864. Daniel Drew, Co. C, 6th Regt. ; eul, Dec. 26, 1863. James Flanders, Oo. 0, 6th Regt.; enl. Deo. 26, 1863. Charles Miller, 6th Regt.; enl. Dec, 26, 1863, John W. Law, Co. E, 6th Eegt. ; enl. May 17, 1864; disch. July 17, 1865. George Cummings, Co. H, 7th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 17, 1863. James Williams, Co. F, 7th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 17, 1863. Thomas Powers, 7th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 17, 1863. Thomas H. Simington, sergt. Co. B, 7th Regt. ; enl. March 16, 1864 ; re- duced to ranks ; disch. July 20, 1865. George F. Boyd, Co. D, 8th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864 ; disch. Oct. 28,1866. Matthew Senter, Co. F, 8th Eegt.; enl. Deo. 20, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864; disch. July 10, 1865. Stephen Mills, Co. F, 8th Regt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Charles L. Reynolds, Oo. E, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. May 24, 1866. . Alexander Morrison, corp. Co. A, 9th Eegt.; enl. July 3, 1862; disch. Feb. 14, 1863. Nelson Foster, Co. A, 9th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 7, 1862 ; disch. June 10, 1866. George W. Randall, Co, A, 9th Eegt. ; enl, July 3, 1862, Lafayette Decker, Co, D, 9th Regt; enl. Deo. 16,1863; died Aug. 12, 1864. Charles Lanoni, Co. I, 9th Regt; enl. Dec. 16, 1863; died Nov. 13, 1864. James H. McGibbon, Co. I, 9tli Regt.; eul. Dec. 16, 1863. David H. Adams, Co. A, 10th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 23, 1862 ; died Jan. 18, 1863. J. T. G. Dinsmore, Jr., Co. A, 10th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 20, 1862 ; disch. June 21,1865. Decator McCarter, Co. A, 10th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 20, 1862; disch. June 21, 1865. Charles Osborn, Co. 0, 10th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 11, 1863; trans, to 2d Eegt., June 21, 1866 ; disch. July 5, 1866. Charles Johnsori, 10th Regt.; enl. Aug 11, 1863. Abel Tucker, Co. D, 10th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; trans, to U. S. navy May 2, 1864. Louis Fernandes, Co. 1, 10th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; trans, to 2d Regt. June 21, 1865; disch. Dec. 19, 1865. Henry G. Dillenback, sergt. Co. E, 11th Regt.; enl, Aug, 29, 1862 ; pro, 1st lieut, Dec, 18, 1862 ; disch, July 22, 1864, James Blake, Oo, 0, 11th Eegt,; enl, Dec, 17, 1863, Edward Armand, Oo, C, 11th Regt, ; enl, Dec, 17, 1863. James C. Baron, Co. 0, 11th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Thomas McGuire, Co. C, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Joseph McGovern, Co. C, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Michael Sorhew, Co. C, 11th Regt.; enl, Dec, 17, 1863. James Parker, Co. C, 11th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Charles E. Rogers, Co. 0, 11th Eegt. ; enl. July 25, 1864. J. Charles Currier, 2d lieut. Co, I, 11th Eegt, ; enl. Sept, 4, 1862 ; pro, to 1st lieut. May 11, 1864; pro, to capt, Oo, A, June 28,1864; disch, Jan, 18, 1866, William H, Day, Co, F, 12th Eegt, ; enl, Sept. 5, 1862 ; died Jan. 27, 1866. Andrew J. Goodwin, Co. D, 12th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 16, 1863 ; trans, to 2d Eegt. June 21, 1865 ; pro. to Corp. Oct. 1, 1865; disch. Dec. 19, 1866. Thomas Ford, Co. H, 12th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Adam Debis, Co. B, 12th Eegt, ; eul, Dec, 16, 1863, Frederick Markhof, Co, E. 12th Eegt, ; enl, Dec. 16, 1863, Marcellus Shattuck, corp, Co, B, 13th Eegt. ; pro. to sergt. Jan. 21, 1863 ; pro. to 1st lieut. May 30, 1865 ; disch. as sergt. June 21, 1866. Tenny, Major, Co. B, 13th Regt ; enl. Sept, 18, 1862 ; disch, June 21, 1866. John H. Parker, Co. B, 13th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1862; pro. to Corp. Jan. 1, 1864 ; missing in action Jan. 1, 1864, John W, Cornell, Co. B, 13th Eegt,; enl, Aug, 11,1863; trans, to 2d Eegt. June 21, 1866 ; disch. Dec. 12, 1865. Edward F. White, Co. P, 13th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Charles Steinburg, Co. E, 13th Regt.; enl. Aug. 11,1863; trans, to 2d Eegt, June 21, 1865 ; disch, Dec, 19, 1865, James Scott, Co, 1, 13th Eegt, ; enl. Sept, 2, 1863, John P, Webstei', Co, F, 13th Regt, ; enl, Aug, 11, 1863 ; trans, to U,S,N, April 28,1861, Peter E. Plimpton, Co, E, 13th Regt,; enl, Aug, 11, 1863; trans, to U,S,N, April 26, 1864, Franklin Dent, Co, C, 13th Regt, ; enl, Aug, 11, 1863 ; trans, to U,S.N. April 28, 1862. Eobert Howell, Co. C, 13th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863; trans, to U.S.N. April 29, 1S64. George 0. Everett, Co. D, 18th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 14, 1864 ; disch. June 10, 1865. John Bowley, Co, H, 18th Regt, ; enl, Feb, 29, 1866 ; disch. June 17, 1865. George E. Merrill, Oo. H, 18th Eegt. ; enl. March 6, 1866 ; disch. July 29, 1866. William Marshall, Co. H, ISth Eegt. ; enl. Feb. 28, 1865 ; died March 29 1866. George Reed, Co. H, 18th Eegt. ; enl. Feb. 24, 1866 ; disch. July 29,1865. Edgar H. Shepard, Co. H, 18th Eegt. ; enl. Feb. 23, 1866 ; died March 6, 1866. Sylvester Johnson, enl. Sept. 14, 1864. 180 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Simon Spurman, enl. Aug. 2, 1864. ■William Hlggins, enl. July 25, 1864. Morris Hannigan, enl. July 25, 1864. William Jones, enl. July 26, 1864. John Wren, enl. Aug. 9, 1864. Samuel Smith, enl. Aug. 8, 1864. John Milton, enl. July 29, 1864. . George Wallier, enl. July 29, 1864. Frank G. Adams, enl. July 29, 1864. William Howe, enl. June 3, 1864. ' Henry Forger, Co. B, 1st Oav. ; enl. March 26, 1864; disch. June 9,1866. Edward L. Currier, Co. M, N. H. Bat. 1st N. E. Cav. ; enl. Dec. 24, 1861 ; trans, to Inv. Corps, Sept. 1, 1863. < Charles B. Radcliff, Co. M, N. H. Bat. Ist N. B. Cav. ; enl. Deo. 24, 1861 ; disch. April 1, 1862. Nathaniel H. Brown, capt. Co. F, IstCaT.; enl. July 7,1864; disch. July 15, 1865. Thomas Tyrie, Co. H, 1st Cav. ; enl. July 29, 1864 ; pro. to Corp. March 1, 1865 ; disch. July 15, 1865. James Evans, Co. F, Ist Cav.; enl. Aug. 16, 1864; absent, on furlough, July 15, 1865 ; no disch. furnished. Warren E. Clark, Co. F, 1st Cav. : enl. Aug. 16, 1864 ; disch. July 19, 1865. Alfred Clifton, Co. H, Ist Cav. ; enl. Sept. 6, 1864; apprehended Jan. 12, 1866 ; desi-rted Jan. 16, 1865. Caleb F. Whiddin, Co. G, 1st Cav. ; eni; Aug. 16, 1864; trans, to Vet. Ees. Corps April 17, 1865 ; disch. Jan. T, 1866. Frederick Davis, Co. C, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 14, 1865; disch. July 15, 1865. Henry M. Moulton, Co. C, 1st Cav. ; enl. Feb. 14,1866; disch. July 15, 1865. John P. Moulton, Co. 0, 1st Cav. ; enl. Feb. 14, 1865 ; disch. July 15, 1865. Frank A. Lincoln, Co. H, 1st Cav.; enl. March 6, 1865; disch. July 16, 1865. John H. Lowe, Co. F, 1st Cav. ; enl. March 1, 1865 ; pro. to corp. July 1, 1865 ; disch. July 15, 1865. Daniel Shattuck, Co. F, 1st Cav. ; enl. March 1, 1866 ; pro. to Corp. June 1, 1866 ; disch. July 16, 1866. Samuel Harvey, Co. B, 1st Cav. ; enl. April 16, 1864 ; absent, sick, since May 16, 1864 ; no discharge furnished. George B. Tuttle, Co. G, Ist Cav. ; enl. Aug. 12, 1864 ; pro. to sergt. Jan. 1, 1865 ; disch. July 15, 1866. John E. Webster, Co. H, 1st Cav. ; enl. March 6, 1865 ; disch. July 15, 1866. Daniel Owens, Co. A, H. Art. ; enl. July 18, 1863 ; disch. Sept. 11, 1865. Francis Owens, Co. A, H. Art. ; enl. Aug. 10, 1863 ; disch. Sept. 11, 1865. George Major, Co. B, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 10, 1863 ; disch. Sept. 11, 1865. Jeremiah Garvin, Corp., Co. 0, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 2, 1864; disch. June 16, 1865. Charles Aldtich, Co. C, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1864; pro. to corp. Nov. 1, 1864 ; disch. June 15, 1865. George R. Barker, Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17,1864; disch. June 15, 1865. Theodore Dinsmore, Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17, 1864 ; disch. June 15, 1866. William K. Hayes, Co. K, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 17, 1864; disch. June 15, 1865. Charles A. Nowell, Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17, 1864; disch. June 16, 1865. Henry A. G. Storer, Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17, 1864 ; disch. June 15^ 1866. Charles F; Wheeler, Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17, 1864 ; disch. June 15, 1866. James B. Morrill, Co. C, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1864 ; disch. May 23, 1866. Nathan Morse, Corp., Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17, 1864 ; disch. June 15, 1866. Kimball J. Wilson, Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17, 1864; disch. May 16, 1865. , William H. Thomas, Co. G, U. S. S. S. ; enl. Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. Feb. 13, 1863. George E. Fitch, Co. G, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 20, 1864; disch. July 17, 1865. Josiah D. Morris, sergt., Co. F, 8th Eegt. ; enl. Deo. 20, 1861 ; returned to ranks Sept. 30, 1863 ; disch. Jan. 18, 1865. Thomas S. Dustin, Co. F, 8th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; died Jan. 19, 1863. Bobert W. McMurphy, Co. G, 12th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 9, 1862 ; disch. June 21, 1865. John Smith, Co. C, Ist Cav. ; enl. Nov. 19, 1863. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. REV. E. L. PARKER. Edward Lutwyche Parker was born in Litchfield, N. H., July 28, 1785. He was named for Edward Goldstone Lutwyche, an English gentleman of edu- cation and fortune, and a particular friend of his father. His grandfather, Eev. Thomas Parker, was a graduate of Harvard University, and the minister of Dracut, Mass. His father, Dr. Jonathan Parker, also a graduate of Harvard, was a physician of con- siderable distinction, excelling particularly as a sur- geon, and acquired an extensive practice in the place of his residence, as well as the adjacent towns, being often sent for from a distance as a consulting phy- sician. Dr. Parker died in September, 1791, leaving a family of ten children with scanty means of sup- port, Edward, the youngest but one, being but about six years of age. His early instructions, therefore, were derived almost wholly from his mother, who was a woman of more than ordinary refinement, of much energy and decision of character, and a con- sistent and earnest Christian. Edward, the youngest son, was the favorite child; his active and sprightly habits made him the centre of interest in the family circle, a place which he con- tinued to hold in after-life. Before he was five years old he had in three instances almost miraculously escaped death, twice from drowning and once from an attack by a domestic animal, the marks of which he ever after bore. At the period when he was of a suitable age to attend school the advantages of the common schools of New England were much fewer than at present. Instructors themselves were very imperfectly quali- fied, and the circle of studies was extremely limited, including little more than reading, writing, and arith- metic. This meagre course of study was all that Mr. Parker enjoyed in his youth. When he was about twelve years of age he was placed as a clerk in the store of his brother Thomas, in Bedford, N. H. In the discharge of his general duties as clerk he is described as attracting particular notice for his ac- tivity and energy. A part of his business consisted in measuring and taking an account of lumber, particu- larly of boards, which he is said to have done with rapidity. This lumber was sent in rafts to Newbury- port, and he, being commissioned to go and dispose of it, sometimes accompanied the raft, but more gen- erally performed the journey each way on foot. As he was at this time a mere boy, and small of his age, he was looked upon with much interest for the shrewdness, accuracy, and dispatch which were mani- fest in all his dealings. At the age of fifteen he was thrown out of employment by the failure of his brother. He then entered as clerk in the drug-store of his brother, a physician, in Topsham, Me., with whom he remained one year, and then went to Bil- =f,'-'««igi^«=^>J'-t.' ' to <=*->'■ -va yRx-'l^ DEKKY. 181 lerica, Mass., and began the business of making shoes. He remained here, however, but a short time, and then, in connection with his brother, purchased a wood-lot, got off the lumber, drew it to the river, and rafted it. As an evidence of his " pluck" and deter- mination, it is stated that upon leaving Topsham he walked one hundred and fifty miles on foot, in the month of March, to his native place. At the age of seventeen we find him teaching school in the present town of Manchester, then Derryfield. He subsequently entered the academy at London- derry, then under the charge of Samuel Burnham, M.A., to prepare himself for the study of medicine. While a member of the academy he boarded in the family of Rev. Jonathan Brown, the minister of the East Parish, and whose place he was to occupy in a little more than six years. It was during his connec- tion with this school that his attention was first called decidedly to the subject of religion by a sermon on the Judgment, delivered in the pulpit in which he subse- quently preached for so long a period. There can be little doubt that the change wrought in him by the religious impressions made at that time was a thorough and radical one. It invested life with new interest, presented new and more enlarged objects of effort, and pressed upon him higher and stronger motives of action. He soon relinquished the purpose of entering the medical profession, and directed his course of study with reference to a preparation for college with a view of entering the Christian ministry. He entered college, graduated in 1807, and was licensed to preach the gospel October 29th of same year. As an evidence of his laborious application to the studies on which he had entered it maybe added that the time of each day from five o'clock in the morning till half-past eleven at night was appropriated to particular duties, including three seasons of devotion. He had an im- pediment in his speech, and devoted one hour each day to correct that. He preached several months in Columbia, Conn. ; here he was invited to settle, but feeling the need of more experience, he declined the call and placed himself under the instruction of Rev. Dr. Worcester, of Salem, Mass. ; he remained in this place one year. During his residence in Salem, as he passed through the East Parish of Londonderry (now Derry) he was invited to supply the pulpit for two Sabbaths. This led to his engagement as pastor ; he was ordained Sept. 12, 1810, and continued his pas- torate until his death, forty years afterwards. For fuller incidents in the career of this truly good man we refer to the memoir published in 1851. Mr. Parker was a man of ardent piety, and his Christian character was eminently consistent and exemplary. The circumstances of his death were peculiarly sad. He was a man of strong and vigor- ous constitution, which he retained in an unusual de- gree till nearly the close of his life. For four years before his death he was troubled with pains in the region of his heart, which caused him little anxiety. On the Sabbath, July 14, 1850, he exchanged with the Rev. Mr. Day, pastor of the church in the lower vil- lage. He preached two sermons, and at th« close of the second he returned home. Later in the afternoon he went to a third service at one of the school-houses in a distant part of the town. At the close of the meet- ing he started to return. When within one and one- half miles of home his horse stumbled and fell. He ran back a few rods to the nearest house for assistance, and on returning to his carriage and while stooping over his horse, Mr. Clark heard him groan and saw him in the act of falling forward ; he caught him in his arms, when he expired without a struggle. Thus ended the days of the faithful minister of the gospel. A granite monument, erected by his friends, marks the spot on which he died. In 1811 he married Miss Mehetable Kimball, daughter of Deacon Stephen Kimball, of Hanover, N. H., by whom he had four children, — -Edward Pin- kerton, Charles Coffin, Caroline P., and Harriet, who died young. Of his children, Cliarles C. married Sarah J. Taylor, to whom two children were born, — Frank W. and Ed- ward T. Charles C. began trade as merchant in the town of Derry' in 1840, and continued in that business to the date of his death, June 17, 1869. He was a Republi- can ; was deacon of a Congregational Church ; was town clerk many years ; was a member of the Legis- lature in 1857 and 1858. His two sons, Frank W. and Edward T., are exten- sively engaged in merchandising in their father's old store in Derry. They enjoy the confidence of their large circle of friends, and their devotion to their worthy ancestors prompted them to the insertion of the portrait and memoir in this work of their esteemed grandfather. COL. WILLIAM S. PILLSBURY.i William StaughtonPilIsbury,thesuccessful business man, the approved citizen, and the man whose unusual capacity for affairs and in office has shown him to be the possessor of the highest and best traits of the "leader," although well known in New Hampshire and New England, deserves a permanent recognition in the pages of this work. Such men as he hold the reins of national destiny. They are the men of prac- tical affairs. They build or enlarge manufacturing establishments, construct railways, develop the agri- cultural and mining resources of our States, increase the facilities for education, and promote not only lit- erary and artistic culture but the numberless graces of a progressive civilization. Especially to be com- mended among the natives of the Granite State are those men who prove themselves able to win success and honor in what are popularly considered the over- crowded fields of enterprise in the Eastern States. 1 By George E. Emery. 182 HISTORY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. The public is not slow to recognize the value of worthy example in industry, intelligent enterprise, efficient executive and business ability, combined with high general intelligence. Practical talent or common sense duly applied deserves approval and is sure to win recognition. Col. Pillsbury is a son of Eev. Stephen Pillsbury, a Baptist clergyman, who died at Londonderry after a life devoted to faithful Christian work. He is de- scended from William Pillsbury, who came from England to Dorchester, Mass., in 1641, and a little later settled in the locality of the present city of New- buryport. William Pillsbury's ancestor here men- tioned was from Essex or Staffordshire. The English Pillsburys, to which those of America are related, have a coat of arms described in heraldic terms as follows : " Per fesse sable and azure," on an eagle displayed argent : three griffins' heads, erased of the second. Crest, an esquire's helmet; motto, "Labor omnia vinoit." Col. Pillsbury's mother was LaviniaHobart, daugh- ter of Deacon Josiah Hobart, the first English male child born in Plymouth, N. H. The Hobart ancestor was Eev. Peter Hobart, founder and first minister of Hingham, Mass., and preacher there forty-three years. The Hobart genealogy is traced back into the four- teenth century. Eev. Stephen Pillsbury, father of the subject of this sketch, was the son of Micajah Pillsbury, and was born at Amesbury, Mass., Oct. 30, 1781. He was ordained to the ministry June, 1810. Subsequently he preached in Hebron, Sutton, Dunbarton, and Londonderry. He died Jan. 22, 1851. Mrs. Lavinia Hobart Pills- bury was born at Hebron, N. H., Oct. 31, 1795. She was the possessor of rare gifts as a writer, while her husband was not only a sound preacher but an advocate of temperance, and one of the original members of the Free-Soil party in New Hampshire. The children of Eev. Stephen Pillsbury were Mary Bartlett (now Mrs. Mary B. Weston), an artist of note, living at Lawrence, Kan. ; Lavinia Hobart, who married Samuel Andrews, of Bradford, N. H. ; Hon. Josiah Hobart, who married Elnora Pevear. He was editor and publisher of the New York Eagle, afterwards editor and publisher of the Man- hattan (Kansas) Independent, and held many of- ficial positions of trust and honor. Stephen, Jr., who married Sarah A. Bailey, is a merchant at Manhattan, Kan. Edwin, who married Mary Ann Eeid, is a farmer and contractor at Leavenworth, Kan. Ann Judson married Andrew B. Marshall, of Weare, N. H. A. Judson died unmarried. Col. William Staughton Pillsbury, to whom this sketch chiefly relates, born at Sutton, N. H., March 16; 1833, married Sarah A. Crowell, of Londonderry, May 8, 1854. She died June 22, 1854. He married, second, Martha Silver Crowell. The children of Wil- liam S. and Martha S. Pillsbury now living are Eose-. crans William, born Sept. 18, 1863 ; Charles Hobart, born March 16, 1866 ; Hattie Lavinia, born Oct. 27, 1870 ; Ulysses Grant, born Nov. 24, 1876. Capt.. Leonard Hobart, who married Evelyn San- born, is a merchant and postmaster at Derry Depot, N. H. The ancient motto of the Pillsbury family. Labor omnia vincit (labor conquers all things), is practically illustrated by many bearing the name in modern ti-mes as well as of old. Col. William Pillsbury, of Londonderry, evidently has reason to conclude that it is a good motto to live by and cling to, and his near relatives, the Hon. George A. Pillsbury, late popular mayor of Concord, N. H., and now a prom'inent capitalist of Minnesota, as well as ex-Governor John S. Pillsbury, the million- aire flour manufacturer of Minneapolis, seem to be men after his own heart and fashion, active, honorable, generous, and winners of the golden opinion of the pub- lic as well as of this world's bounties. Col. Pillsbury's education has been gained chiefly in the school of practical life ; a keen student of the world's affairs and men, his judgment has become accurate, his tact remarkable, and his knowledge is useful in all di- rections.- He learned the shoemaker's trade at the age of fourteen years, and subsequently became a skillful cutter of stock. At twenty he started a shoe- factory at Cilleysville, Andover, N. H., for his brother Stephen, and was superintendent of the extensive es- tablishment for a year or more. He was afterwards employed at Marlboro', Mass. Up to the age of legal manhood he gave all his earnings over a plain living for himself for the support of his widowed mother, and to aid others in need at the time. When twenty- one years of age he consequently did not possess a dollar in money. Soon, however, he was engaged with a firm of' shoe manufacturers just starting busi- ness at Derry Depot. About a year later he had the entire charge of the business as agent, and so con- tinued during the existence of the firm. When this firm went out of business Col. Pillsbury made a journey to Kansas, where he used what money he had saved up to advantage. Eeturning East, and having married, as already stated, he remained occupied in business affairs until the opening of the war of the Eebellion. He en- listed in his country's service, and was commissioned first lieutenant, Company I, Fourth New Hampshire Eegiment, and left for the seat of war, September, 1861. Having reached Annapolis, he met with such a serious accident that he resigned and returned North. A few months later, his health having im- proved and the call for three hundred thousand men being issued, he was appointed recruiting officer for the Ninth Eegiment New Hampshire Volunteers. He was commissioned first lieutenant of Company " A." His regiment proceeded to Washington, and was in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam. Disabled by a severe attack of pneumonia he resigned his commission, and as soon as he was able to perfol-m DEERY. 183 a little service in business he was engaged at Wheel- ing, Va., superintending a party of experts in train- ing men there in the art of manufacturing shoes by the most desirable New England methods. As soon as his health seemed well restored he returned to Lon- donderry, raised for the town its quota of thirty men under the last great call (1864), and was commis- sioned first lieutenant of Company D, Unattached Ar- tillery, Capt. George W. Colbath, of Dover (a cousin to Gen. Wilson), commanding. The company served in several of the forts in the first and second divis- ions of the defenses of the capital. He commanded for a time the battery "Garryshay" in De Russe's division. Later he was appointed ordnance officer of the First Brigade, Harding's division, and was stationed at Fort Eeno, Md., where he remained until the close of the war. He was " mustered out" at Concord, N. H., June 15, 1865. A month later he engaged in manufacturing shoes at Londonderry, and successfully prosecuted the business there until the need of larger buildings induced him to remove his machinery to Derry Depot. In 1868 he was elected commissioner for Rockingham County on the Repub- lican ticket. In this position he performed extremely valuable service in organizing the system of conduct- ing county affairs, embracing the institution of a new method of caring for the paupers at the county farm. His tact and good judgment seem to be equal to every requirement that presents itself. Chiefly through his influence and zealous effort came the appropriation for the erection of the asylum building for the ac- commodation of the insane poor of the county; with results as good as at the asylum at Concord, while saving largely in expense, the enterprise has proved the soundness and practicability of the plan. In fact, while patients were as well treated as at extrava- gant expenses previously, the cost of the asylum building was saved the first year it was occupied. Col. Pillsbury was the original mover i>n the effort to check the overwhelming extent of the "tramp nuisance" in New Hampshire. The action he inaug- urated culminated in the law for the suppression of trampage that has accomplished such good in the Granite State, and that has been so generally copied in other States. In Londonderry Col. Pillsbury has served as moderator at town-meetings about nine- teen years. He has also represented his town in the Legislature, is a justice of the peace, chairman of the board of trustees of the Leech Library at London- derry, and a Mason. He is a Republican of lifelong affiliation. Religiously he is a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, and for many years a trus- tee of the society of that denomination in London- derry. He is not a sectarian. His spirit is liberal and broadly tolerant as his all-true Christianity. He once paid the expense of frescoing and paint- ing a Methodist meeting-house, when the society little expected such aid from a religious brother of another denomination. Col. Pillsbury is a member of the well-known New Hampshire Club, its membership including many of the leading men of the State. Whenever an oppor- tunity offers. Col. Pillsbury expresses the liberality of his heart in quiet, practical ways that are not all known to the general community. A more public- spirited man in general affairs is not known by the citizens of Rockingham County or perhaps the State. His notable success is due, among other reasons, to his industry, his high sense of honor, his heartiness, and his especially remarkable talent for systematiz- ing, and for the organization and ready execution of plans. The almost invariably accurate judgment of men that he manifests is the secret of his power to fit the right man in the right place where positions of responsibility and importance are concerned. Per- sonally Col. Pillsbury is exceedingly attractive and cordial in manner. A true, gentlemanly feeling char- acterizes his association with all so fortunate as to meet him either in business or society. After the removal of Col. Pillsbury's manufacturing interests to Derry Depot, he formed a business con- nection with the Boston house of E. P. Philips & Co., which continued until the dissolution of the firm. Soon after this event he became agent for the noted firm of Clement, Colburn & Co., of Boston, now Col- burn, Fuller & Co., shoe manufacturers at Derry Depot. During this agency the business has increased until, from an annual trade of seventy-five thousand dollars, it has reached the sum of over half a million dollars per annum. Abouffour hundred and fifty per- sons are now employed in the immense establishment of the firm at Derry Depot. Additions to the factory buildings affbrd room for about one hundred more hands as the pressure of trade may require. Nearly six hundred different styles of ladies' boots and shoes are made in this great establishment, for American and foreign trade. These goods seem to be for real service superior to any known in the country. The especial effort in production is to attain all service- able qualities and durability. These goods conse- quently find a ready sale not only all over the United States, but in the West Indies, alone: the east and west coast of South America, in Egypt and South Africa, New Zealand and Australia, as well as in several European ports. In June, 1877, Col. Pillsbury was appointed aide-de- camp, with rank of colonel, on the staff' of Governor B. F. Prescott. To the energy and enterprise, integrity and tact of Col. Pillsbury, New Hampshire people rightly credit the remarkable growth of the village of Derry Depot ■from an insignificant hamlet to one of the most thriving and beautiful inland villages of New Eng- land. As an illustration of the alertness and power of ready judgment of Col. Pillsbury, I cannot neglect to note the adroit movement by which he saved a portion of the companies of the Ninth New Hamp- 184 HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. shire Regiment at. the memorable battle of South Mountain from almost sure destruction. His com- pany, "A," was leading in a charge upon a large number of rebels, who were driven through a piece of woods and disappeared while the Union men moved into an open field adjoining. The enemy re- formed under the protection of a battery, and their movement was discovered by the colonel, who halted his men and fell back sufiiciently to hold connection with support just at the moment when Maj.-Gen. Reno rode along the line into the ambush, and re- ceived the terrible volley from rebels screened by the ' woods, and was instantly killed while on the very ground left a few moments before by Col. Pillsbury and others. CHAPTER XXVII. EAST KINGSTON.i Early History, etc. — The charter of Kingston was granted by the Provincial Assembly, under the ad- ministration of Lieutenant-Governor .John Usher, Aug. 6, 1694, embracing a tract of land commencing seven miles west of the meeting-house in Hampton, which is the line between East Kingston and Kensing- ton, and extending ten miles west and by north into the country. Its breadth was four miles north from Shap- ley's line, the present boundary between East Kings- ton and South Hampton. "This line was represented in the charter as three miles north of Merrimao River, though it was really nearer five miles. This territory' comprised what now constitutes East Kingston, Dan- ville, Sandown, and the larger part of Kingston. In 1738 fifty-three persons in the town of Kingston united in a petition to the General Assembly to be set ofi' into a separate parish. The petitioners were Jeremy, Ebenezer, John, Thomas, and Andrew Web- ster, Nathan, Phinehas, Josiah, and Ebenezer-Batch- elder, lohabod, Caleb, and Theophilus Clough, Wil- liam and Abraham Smith, Jacob Gale, William Whickee, Benjamin Morrill, Joseph Greele, James Tappan, Isaac Godfrey, and Josiah Tilton. Of the remaining thirty-two there is not one of whom anything is known, or whose known descend- ants live in the town. Of most of them their names are not recognized by the present generation. They prayed to be set off " into a separate parish, with their families and possessions, to enjoy all the rights and privileges that other parishes have and do by law en- joy.'' The reason they assigned for wishing to be incor- porated into a distinct parish were "their great distance ■ from the place of public worship in the said town of KingstoHj and attending on the same ; have built a meeting-house in that part of the town where they live convenientfor themselves and their families, and being 1 By A. B. Brown. desirous of having a gospel ministry among them," they pray" to be exempted from paying taxes for the support of schools and the ministry to the said town of Kings- ton after the year 1738, and to choose their own par- ish officers and assess and collect taxes.'' These privileges were all granted in their charter, " pro- vided the said petitioners maintain an authorized minister of the gospel among them." The parish was incorporated Nov. 17, 1738. Jeremy Webster was authorized to call the first meeting, which he did, and an organization was effected Jan. 10, 1738-39. Joseph Greele was chosen moderator, and Jeremy Webster, clerk. A call was then extended to the Rev. Peter Coffin to settle with them as their minis- ter, which was accepted Aug. 31, 1739. By an act of the Provincial Council in August, 1740, the boundaries between the East Parish of Kingston and the town of Kingston were established as follows : " Midway between the meeting-houses of Kingston and the East Parish in a straight line a stone was set up on the highway called Salisbury road. . . . " From said stone north by compass to Exeter line, and from the stone aforesaid south to the path going from Kingston to Amesbury by the way of Trickling Fall ; there a beech-tree was marked, not knowing the bounds of Salisbury or Amesbury." The bound- aries of East Kingston are north by Kingston and Exeter, east by Kensington, south by South Hamp- ton and Newton, and west by Kingston. Whoever is inclined to look at the county map will see that the town is in the form of a parallelogram, the longest sides being from north to south. From the north- west angle is a large area taken off and attached to Kingston. This is known as " Exeter road.'' The question is raised how this portion came to remain as Kingston, as the boundary according to the act would be on the north by Brentwood, leaving this territory in the East Parish. In the act authorizing the running of the boundary line in 1740, any person so disposed was allowed to poll off' to the town of Kingston. Forty-three persons availed themselves of this pro- vision. Among these were a number of names of per- sons well known in the district at the present time, such as Eastman, French, Sanborn, Long, and Jud- kins. These persons not wishing to be included in the new parish, and having polled off to the town of Kingston, the line was drawn as it now exists for general convenience. Since that time a number of efforts have been made to restore the boundaries as originally enacted. In 1795 it was proposed " to build a new meeting- house twenty rods north of Capt. John Currier's, on the road to Exeter." The town voted " they were willing to receive all who had polled off"." Nothing came from it. In 1826 the reannexation of Exeter road to this town, so as to restore the original parish lines, was EAST KINGSTON. 185 again agitated, and the town voted " to receive the inhabitants of Kingston, on Exeter road, so called, into the town of East Kingston, as by their petition, and the order of the Legislature thereon for a day of hearing." Many were anxious to be reannexed, and others in this town were desirous they should be ; but some influential men, particularly the late Morel Sanborn, of Kingston, were so decidedly, not to say violently, in opposition to the project that it failed, and the "' day of hearing" had no favorable result. No propositions of the kind have since been made. Misunderstandings arose between the two parishes in relation to the parsonage, maintaining the poor, and various other matters. The contentions were such as came near bringing on a lawsuit ; but wiser counsels prevailed, and it was decided " that each parish must maintain their own poor and support their own schools." But such were their remaining and continued difficulties, and so far were they from a settlement, that the town voted, in 1750, "that we are willing the Rev. Mr. Coffin request the Rev. BIr. Se- combe that the parsonage land be divided between them, and in case such division cannot be obtained peaceably, we will support the Rev. Mr. Secombe to obtain such division." No lawsuit followed, but after long controversy and strife the whole matter of par- sonage was settled in March, 1761, in articles of agree- ment, drawn up by committees from each of the towns of Kingston, East Kingston, Hawke, and Sandown. Thus it was twenty-two years before this controversy was concluded. Mr. Coffin continued here as the minister of the town thirty-three years. In 1772 he was dismissed after much contention. That there was great fault on both sides the impartial reader at this time, more than a century afterwards, can have no doubt. The salary of Mr. Coffin for the first nine years after his settlement in 1739 was an average of forty- five pounds. New England currency, annually, or the equivalent of one hundred and fifty dollars. To this was added the use of the parsonage, twenty-five cords of wood, and other perquisites. In 1748 it was three hundred and twenty pounds, old tenor, which at that time was worth not far from fifty cents on the pound silver money. In 1760 he received sixty pounds law- ful money, or two hundred dollars. A pound lawful money was twenty shillings New England currency, equal to three and one-third dollars. At the close of his ministry in 1772 he was receiving seventy pounds. To these sums add an acre of land given him on which to build a house, one hundred pounds to aid him in building the house, assistance in building the barn, wood supplied by the parish from the parsonage wood lot, with some other gifts and allowances, and sixty pounds when he was dismissed in payment of constructive services, with various other allowances amounting to fifty pounds, and we have a pretty cor- rect idea of his income for the thirty-three years he was their minister. These payments were generally made in paper money, but there seem to have been reasonable effiarts to pay him in a fair circulating currency. Soon after the dismission of Mr. Coffin there was an effort to obtain a successor. The town voted in October, 1772, to call and settle a minister, with a salary of eighty pounds and the use of the parsonage. A number of candidates were tried, but upon none of them could there be an agreement for settlement. With the opening scenes of the Revolution the at- tention of the people was turned somewhat from ecclesiastical to political duties. In patriotism East Kingston was not behind her sister towns. A com- mittee was chosen to meet committees from other towns in Exeter, July 9, 1774, in convention, to choose delegates to represent this province in a con- gress proposed to be held by delegates from the sev- eral colonies and provinces in North America, and agreed " That they will pay their part of the expenses and charges in sending delegates, and will draw the money out of the Parish Treasury." 1775, May 8th, a committee was chosen to meet at Exeter on the 17th inst., with delegates from the several towns of this province, " who, when met with the other dele- gates, shall be fully empowered and authorized to pursue such measures as may be judged most expe- dient to preserve and restore the rights of this and the other colonies, and .that such deputies shall be empowered to act in behalf of themselves and their constituents." They also voted af this meeting " to raise thirteen men, called ' minute-men,' who shall be ready at any sufficient alarm for the defense of the colonies, ' each man when called for to join with the army of observation.' " They were to be provided with a " coat and blanket, arras, ammunition, and provisions, and paid for their services from the town treasury." A " Committee of Safety" of nine persons was chosen, which was continued through the war, though its members were a number of times changed. It embraced during its existence most of the princi- pal citizens. 1776. Eight men were raised for the expedition against Canada. Measures were taken to raise money to pay bounties to these men, and also to pay their expenses. 1777, May 21st, a vote was passed to enlist a sufficient number of men as cheap as they can to fill the quota, and tax the parish ... to raise the money and pay the same. It was also vot^ed "that every one in this parish must get himself ready and properly equipped for military service, both alarm and training-band, by next Monday, and then stand ready to march at a minute's warning." Also voted "supplies and preparations for an invasion." 1778. Voted supplies liberally and preparations in expectation of an invasion, as the " Committee of Safety have received advice, and for the men to be ready at a moment's warning." 1779. April 19th, voted "To give a bounty of fif- teen hundred dollars each to three men to enlist 186 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIEB. in the service." This, of course, was in depreciated paper currency. Nearly as large sums were given afterwards in a number of instances. 1780. Great exertions were made to raise and pay soldiers, to whom large bounties were given in addi- tion to their wages. 1781. The town voted " we are willing to raise our proportion of soldiers for the Continental army ;" chose a " committee to raise men to fill the quota." " The book containing the plan of government having been read and discussed, it was voted to re- ceive it, under certain limitations." 1783. Approved of the plan of government and voted for its continuance. We have now given extracts from the records of specimens of the spirit and action of the people. Through the war public meetings were held fre- quently, and at different hours of the day and even- ing. They often adjourned to a day not far distant without especial business, but looking for something to occur which would require concerted action and a vote of the town. The quotas were promptly filled, though sometimes at enormous prices. Military preparations continued long after the close of the war of the Revolution, and soldiers styled '*minute-men'' were always in readiness. In 1794 and 1798 men were raised, to whom bounties were paid. In 1806 and 1807, and at various other dates, " minute-men" were raised and equipped by the town, and one hundred- and fifty dollars was raised for the selectmen to lay out for military pur- poses. 1812. It was voted " To make up to each soldier $15 per month, with what Government allows." At this date the war had broken out usually termed the war of 1812-14, or " last war with Great Britain," and our people were found prepared for it. In 1813-15 committees were chosen to look after the drafted men, to hire men to fill the quotas, to serve for the defense of the State. The calls of the gov- ernment were promptly answered and the quotas of the town always filled. From 1815 to 1817, inclusive, there were violent controversies, bickerings, and strifes about the raising money for preaching and the expenditure of the in- come of the parsonage. In 1818 it was " voted to sell the parsonage, invest the money, and lay out the interest annually in preaching." The "Toleration Act,'' passed by the Legislature of New Hampshire, July, 1819, provides that "no per- son shall be compelled to join or support any congre- gation, church, or religious society without his ex- press consent first had and obtained." ..." And any person may, if connected with a society, by leaving a written notice with the clerk of the so- ciety, be exempted from any future expenses." This act ended all controversy in relation to taxing the people to support a ministry. Thereafter every so- ciety attended to their own afl^airs. There has occa- sionally, and of late, been a little agitation and a slight ripple of feeling in relation to the disposition of the parsonage money; but nothing has ever re- sulted from it, and probably never will. 1830. The meeting-house, which had stood ninety- two years, was torn down, and the present town-house erected in its place. It was finished with pews. The house was completed, the pews sold at auction^ and titles given May 2, 1831. It was to be occupied by the town whenever needed for town purposes; at all other times, and on Sabbaths, by the several religious societies such a proportion of the time as they owned pews. The selectmen decided annually what Sabbaths each society should occupy the house during the en- suing year. 1831. The wood on the parsonage was sold, and the proceeds applied to the payment of the debts of the town. 1837. On a petition of twenty legal voters, a town- meeting was held Jijly 1st at the town-house, which was called to order by one of the selectmen, when John Philbrick was chosen clerk pro tem., and Charles Sanborn was chosen moderator. It was then, on mo- tion, " Voted, That no one has a right to hold Aboli- tion or Anti-Slavery meetings in the Town Hall or other public buildings belonging to said Town." A division of the house being called for, seventeen were for opening the house and forty-seven were against it. Voted, " That the town authorize the Selectmen, or any freeholder in the town, to clear the public build- ings in said Town of any person or persons delivering or attempting to deliver any Abolition lectures or ad- dresses, and at the expense of said Town." AVe do not think any arrests were made under this town au- thority, and we do not know what attempts were made to hold meetings or lecture on slavery for a number of years thereafter in any of the public buildings. Still, the legality of this whole proceeding has been well doubted. In 1847, March 9th, at the annual meeting it was voted, "That the vote passed July 1, 1837, relative to the using of the public buildings to hold abolition or anti-slavery lectures or addresses in, be reconsidered." Since that time the town-house has been open for public meetings without regard to the political com- plexion of the speakers or their friends. 1859. By votes of the town the rights of individuals to the pews in the town-house were purchased aud taken away, and movable settees substituted. When the civil war broke out there was much party feeling, but no lack of patriotism. At a town-meeting called May 9, 1861, it was voted to authorize the selectmen to hire one thousand dol- lars to pay soldiers. October 10th. Voted to adopt the act passed at the last June session of the Legislature, chapter 2480, entitled " An act authorizing cities and towns to aid the families of volunteers, and for other purposes," and that the selectmen carry this vote into efiect. EAST KINGSTON. 187 1862. August 18th, the selectmen were authorized to hire five thousand dollars to pay volunteer citizens, three hundred dollars each. August 21st, the select- men were authorized "to pay the hounty of three hundred dollars to as large a numherof volunteers as may be sufficient to cover all quotas called for by the President." 1863. August 12th, voted, that the selectmen be au- thorized to hire such sum of money as may be neces- sary to pay each drafted man the sum of three hun- dred dollars. August 15th, voted, "That the town raise and pay to every inhabitant thereof who have been or shall be drafted or conscripted to serve in the army of the United States under the present draft, or to the substitute of such drafted or conscripted in- habitant, the sum of three hundred dollars bounty.'' 1864. June 13th, voted, that the selectmen be au- thorized to pay a bounty of one hundred dollars to each person who has entered into the service of the United States, and has not been paid a town bounty since May, 1863. July 20th, the selectmen were au- thorized to borrow five thousand dollars, and from the same to pay each volunteer or substitute who may be accepted and mustered into the military service of the United States . . . such sums as they may find neces- sary or deem expedient, not exceeding the limit pre- scribed by law. There went from this town forty^five volunteers and eleven substitutes, making the whole number fifty -six. The surface of the town is moderately uneven. The soil is of a good quality, and well adapted to the cul- tivation of farm and garden products, and to grasses and all kinds of grain. It produces large crops of Indian corn, barley, oats, potatoes, and esculent roots. The former is not grown so generally as it was seventy years ago. on account of the cheapness with which it can be raised and transported from the West. Not so many sheep and neat cattle are kept or raised and sold here as there were seventy years ago. Neither is there more land under cultivation. There are more dwelling-houses than there were then. The area of the town is six thousand two hundred acres. The ap- praised value of the real and personal property in 1882 was two hundred and twenty- fou-r thousand seven hundred and thirty-two dollars. The outstanding debt of the town is nine thousand four hundred dollars. The Boston and Maine Railroad runs through the town from a point in Kingston near the southwest part of East Kingston to the extreme northeast, where it enters Exeter. From the station-house, near the centre of the town : Boston is distant forty-five and three-fourths miles by the railroad, forty miles by the carriage-road as usually traveled, and thirty-five miles south five degrees west in a direct line. Portland is distant sixty-nine and three-fourths miles by the railroad, eighty miles by the carriage- road, and sixty-two miles north thirty-seven degrees east in a direct line. There are two mails daily from and to Boston ^nd way stations, two from and to Portland and way sta- tions, and two from and to Kingston by wagon-car- riage, so that the mail facilities equal any and are superior to most places in the county. Nathaniel E. Tuck is postmaster. Powow River flows through the southwest part of the town, having its source in the ponds of Kingston. The cutting of ice in the river is quite an item of business for the very cold weather. The ice-houses are capable of holding forty thousand tons, which are filled in good seasons and transported to Boston for shipment or use. There is one saw-mill at Trickling Falls. The Salisbury and Amesbury Manufacturing Company bought up these and other mills above forty years ago, with the rights of flowage of the river above and below. For this reason there is very much less manufacturing here than had been done in pre- vious years. ' There is a fall in the river at Salisbury and Ames- bury Mills of one hundred feet, where are extensive woolen- and cotton-factories, which in the dry season are supplied from their extensive reservoirs in New Hampshire. A large number of residents work at the shoe busi- ness, mostly for the manufacturers in Haverhill, Mass. J. W. Greenlay has a manufactory near the railroad- crossing in the south part of the town. It is fitted up with modern machinery and a steam-engine for pro- pelling, capable of employing forty or fifty men. He has nearly half that number at the present time. A larger number of persons are employed in smaller shops in various parts of the town, while a few work in Haverhill, going and returning by the railroad- carriages. There are three brick-yards in the town, in which were manufactured several years since six millions of brick. The production has since decreased to three, two, and one million annually, and may be calculated upon according to the demand in Massa- chusetts cities. A fair estimate is an average of the above, or three millions annually. The labor is mostly done by Frenchmen from Canada. Four stores and one livery stable do a prosperous business. A number of market-men of meat supply not only this but the neighboring towns. The carpenters and blacksmiths are more than sufficient for the business, so that a part of the work of the former is in other towns. First Settlers. — It has generally been supposed that William and Abraham Smith settled here when there were no others within the limits of the present town. Every gazetteer and history which refers to the subject states that they were the first settlers or among the earliest settlers. On the contrary, William Smith, the elder of the- brothers, was born in 1708, and it is a tradition of the family that he came here to live in 1724, when he was twenty-one years old. Tliere is an old deed that shows that the places where John P. French and Arthur T. Robinson now reside 188 HISTOEY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. were purchased by "Robert Smith, of Salisbury, otherwise Hampton," which is now Seabrook. It was purchased of Christopher Pottle in 1732, but was originally the eight of Nathaniel Sanborn, one of the commoners. On this place Mr. Smith settled his sons. We do not think any two men were first settlers. They came as colonists from Hampton to Kingston, in companies. So far as can now be as- certained, the earliest were Ebenezer Webster (1), Ebenezer Stevens (1), John Swett, Nathaniel San- born, and Capt. John Webster. The south part of the town and a part of the main road emigrated from Salisbury and Amesbury. The Greeleys and the Frenches early made a settlement. Edward French and Abraham Brown located or pur- chased lands, but personally never settled on them. They were obtained for their children. The Curriers and Blaisdells secured lands at the Falls, and moved in as early as they thought it prudent to do so on ac- count of the Indians. It is claimed that Ralph Blais- dell was the first who crossed Powow River from the south for a settlement, and that the old cellar and well are yet to be seen where the road was straight- ened, near the Goodrich and Webstei; places. The mill-grant was laid out March 15, 1710. This is the earliest date of records we have found. The deed of the French place is dated June 16, 1710. Benoni Clough purchased the Caleb Webster place in 1715. A part of the Brown place, with improvements thereon, was purchased in 1716. The first land was laid off by the lot-layers, hence no person obtain- ing land by deed was the first settler or owner of that land. Capt. John Webster was made a freeman in 1705, and some years later had land assigned him by the lot- layers on the north road, where liis son, Jeremy Web- ster, lived. A part of it is now owned by one of his descendants, Mrs. Isabella (Webster) Currier, never having passed from the family. The old house was burned not many years since. The homestead of Ebenezer Webster (l),one of the grantees of Kingston, which was also the homestead of Ebenezer Webster (2), where Ebenezer Webster (3), who was the father of Hons. Daniel and Ezekiel Webster, was born, was located earlier tlian either we have named. This place is situated on a moderate eminence on the north side of the Salisbury road or highway leading to Kingston. It is less than a mile west of the railroad station, and half a mile east of the boundary line of Kingston. For a time it was owned by Capt. John Currier, and was set off to his widow as a part of her thirds. It is known by the family as Old Orchard. After the death of Mrs. Cur- rier it was divided among the heirs, and most of it sold out of the family. George Webster, a descendant of Thomas, one of the grantees of Kingston, owns a part by inheritance from his mother, who was a daughter of Capt. John and Widow Phoebe Currier, and inherited from them ; Charles E. Marsh owns thatr part of it where the house stood, and the loca- tion of the cellar is still to be seen. The well has been filled or covered within a few years. The French house and the Brown house are sup- posed to be older than any other now standing. The Tappan, Greeley, Nelson, Robinson, Webster, Morrill, and Ordway houses and the Buzzell house on the north road are all ancient dwellings. It is a long time since any of these lean-to houses have been built. The Climate is unusually healthy. . From 1738 to 1771, a term of thirty-three years, there were three hundred and one deaths, or an annual average of nine. The largest number in any one year was twenty-one, and the smallest number was two. For the next seventy-nine years, from 1771 to 1850, from our best sources of information, though not sure of exactness, there were seven hundred and thirty-four deaths, or an annual average of nine and three-tenths. From 1850 to 1882, from tables kept by E. W. Phil- brick, Esq., a period of thirty-two years, there were three hundred and ten deaths, being less than ten per year. The largest number in any one year was sixteen, and the smallest number four. From these statements the number of deaths for the one hundred and forty-four years since the parish was chartered have been one thousand'three hundred and thirty-five, an annual average of nine and two-tenths. We have not access to any census prior to 1773, but at that date the population was four hundred and two, which has gradually increased to five hundred and eighty-two in 1880. While the increase of inhabitants has been forty-five per cent., the death-rate has increased less than ten per cent. The number of deaths has fallen from two and one-fourth per cent, to one and three- fourths on the population. The conclusion is irresist- ible that the town is one of great healthful ness, that there are now a less number of deaths annually, ac- cording to the population, than at any previous time since its settlement, and that it is constantly increas- ing in healthfulness. Education. — The town is comprised in one school district, having four school-houses, with an average annual expenditure of eight hundred and fifty dol- lars. This includes the interest of a legacy of two thousand dollars left by the late Jeremiah Morrill. A legacy of fifteen hundred dollars, the interest thereof to be expended annually in the support of schools, was left last year by Mrs. Elizabeth Towle. Most of those persons who have obtained a liberal education graduate at Harvard or Dartmouth Col- leges. There is a small library of really valuable books, though it has not been replenished for many years. Two Sabbath-school libraries complete the public institutions for education. Temperance. — This town has always been in the front rank in the temperance. reform. As early as 1827, A. R. Brown joined a society in Hampton, and John Gale, the same year, in West Amesbury. In 1829 a number took the pledge, prohibiting wine. EAST KINGSTON. 189 About this time a temperance society was formed, Jonathan Bailey, president; Amos Tilton, secre- tary. This was made auxiliary to the Rockingham County Society, which was organized in 1828, and made auxiliary to the New Hampshire State Tem- perance Society. The East Kingston Society re- ported in 1833 ninety-seven members. Additions were frequently made during the following years. The pledge which included the prohibition of cider was adopted in 1840. This and the Washingtonian movement of 1841 were both in advance of previous positions, and had their good effects. That there has been real advance in temperance is certain. A Good Templar lodge was instituted May 2, 1867, and a division of the Sons of Temperance in 1868. In these societies Joseph C. Sargent, now of Haver- hill, Mass., was a prominent actor. Both have ceased from activity. A reform club was organized Oct. 3, 1876, which attracted a wide-spread attention and exerted a salu- tary influence for a brief period ; but it vanished like the mists of the morning. There is no known place in the town where distilled liquors are sold. The con- sumption of cider is one-fourth of what it once was. Geological. — In the north part of the town is a natural curiosity interesting to geologists. By the roadside is a granite bowlder,- a portion of which is deeply imbedded in the earth, having peculiar water- marks, which looks as though it had been a layer of sand or soft clay, over which a person once walked with a cane in his left hand, causing indentations, and in that state became petrified. CHAPTEE XXVIII. BAST KINGSTON.— (ConOnuerf.) DistingniBhed Men — Eminent Names. Persons belonging to the learned professions, most of whom are natives of the town, who have emi- grated and settled in other places. William Smith, M.D., son of William and Betty (Cilley) Smith, was born in East Kingston, Aug. 2-13, 1737. He studied medicine with Hon. Benj. Eowe, M.D., of Kensington. He soon commenced practice in Kensington, but removed to Gilmanton, N. H., Oct. 15, 1768, where he practiced long without a rival. He was in the practice of medicine over seventy years. Of the large number of professional men who have emigrated from this town, Dr. William Smith stands pre-eminent for usefulness and respec- tability. He died Feb. 25, 1831. Jonathan Bailey, M.D., was born in Weare, N. H., March 9, 1784, and died in East Kingston, Feb. 12, 1834. He married Elizabeth Fifleld, Nov. 17, 1816. She was the daughter of Col. Joseph and Elizabeth (Sanborn) Fifield, was born May 1, 1792, and died June 12, 1881, aged eighty-nine years. Dr. Bailey had an extensive practice. He left three children, one of whom, Albon W. Bailey, is now a prosperous farmer. Benjamin Eowe, M.D., son of Hon. Benjamin and Susanna Figg Eowe, was born in Kensington, July 17, 1750. He studied medicine and commenced prac- tice with his father; was assistant surgeon in the Eevolution, and surgeon to a company of minute- men in 1775. He married Joanna Tilton, who was born March 24, 1761, and died March 28, 1843, aged ninety-two years. On leaving Kensington he settled in this town, had an extensive practice, and was highly esteemed. He died Nov. 7, 1818, aged sixty- eight years. Eev. Nathan Tilton, son of Col. Philip and Molly (Batchelder) Tilton, was born July 2, 1772 ; gradu- ated at Harvard College in 1796 ; was pastor of Second Parish in Scarborough, Me., from Dec. 10, 1800, to 1827. He died in 1851, at a good old age. Joseph Tilton, son of Col. Philip and Molly (Batch- elder) Tilton, was born Aug. 10, 1774. He graduated at Harvard College in 1797, studied law at Exeter, N. H., with Hon. Jeremiah Smith, and was admitted to the New Hampshire bar in 1801. He practiced a few years in Wakefield and Eoohester, but removed to Exeter in 1809, and remained there till his death, March 25, 1856. Weare Tappan, son of John and Abigail (Weare) Tappan, was born March 3, 1790. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1811, in the class with Judge Joel Parker, Ethan Shepley, of Maine, and other distinguished men. He studied law with Hon. Caleb Ellis, of Claremont. He married Lncinda Atkins, of Claremont, in 1816, and settled in Bradford, N. H., in 1818, where he resided till his death, April 4, 1868. He was an able lawyer, and had an extensive prac- tice. He was a Whig in political opinion until the formation of the Republican party, which, as the party of progress, he was not long in joining. He was a strong lover of freedom and equal rights, and an abolitionist from the beginning to the end of the anti-slavery struggle. He was the father of our pres- ent attorney-general, Hon. Mason W. Tappan, of Bradford. Jonathan Tappan, M.D., son of John and Abigail (Weare) Tappan, was born March lO, 1772. He studied medicine with Dr. Levi Bartlett, of Kingston, and had engaged to settle at Hampton Falls in the practice of his profession, but died at his father's house, Feb. 11, 1796. Calvin B. Magoun, M.D., son of Simon and Betsey (Barstow) Magoun, was born July 15, 1798. He studied medicine with Drs. Perry, of Exeter, and Cheever, of Portsmouth, and attended medical lec- tures at Pittsfield, Mass., and Bowdoin College, Maine. He went to New Orleans in 1830, but settled in Cen- treville. Miss., in the practice of medicine. He re- mained there a few years, then moved to Woodville, 190 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Miss. He married Mary E. Harbour in 1835, but died at his residence in Woodville, Dec. 4, 1837, leaving a widow and one daughter. Cyrus S. Magoun, M.D., son of Simon and Betsey (Barstow), was born Feb. 2, 1815. He completed an- academical course of study at New Hampton, N. H., in 1834; studied medicine with Dr. E. B. Moore, in Epping; attended medical lectures at Dartmouth College, at Philadelphia, and at Pittsfield, Mass., where he received his diploma. He commenced prac- tice as a physician at South Bend, Black River, La., and continued in practice till his death, Oct. 18, 1862. He was twice married. Rev. Elihu Thayer Rowe, grandson of Rev. Elihu Thayer, D.D., of Kingston, and of Dr. Benjamin Rowe, M.D., of East Kingston, and son of Joseph F. and Mary (Thayer) Rowe, was born Aug. 10, 1813. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1840, and was ordained at Hillsborough, N. H., May 29, 1845. He was classical teacher at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., and chaplain of Fourteenth New Hampshire Regiment in the war of Rebellion. He removed to Auburndale, Mass., where he taught a family classical school, and died at Auburndale, March 21, 1867. Samuel H. Stevens, A.M., son of John, grandson of Col. Ebenezer Stevens, and great-grandson of Maj. Ebenezer Stevens, was born Nov. 20, 1802 ; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1830 ; studied law ; . . . prac- ticed in Bristol, N. H., twelve years, in which time he was two years a member of the Legislature. He also practiced two years in Lawrence, Mass., and for nine years was cashier of the Granite State Bank in Exeter, N. H. He married Serephina Sanborn, daughter of Moses Sanborn, of Kingston, July 27, 1840. He died at Concord, N. H., March 19, 1876, leaving a widow and one daughter. Rev. John W. F. Barner was born in Lowell, Mass., Aug. 28, 1831. He came to this town and became a Christian in 1841. He joined the Methodist Church, and commenced in 1852. After preaching in Methuen, Stoneham, and some other places, was colleague with Rev. E. T. Taylor five years at Seamen's Bethel, Bos- ton ; was ordained elder in 1863 ; received repeated appointments in Maiden and Lynn, Mass., and Provi- dence, R. I. He is now (July, 1852) chaplain at the Massachusetts State prison. Amos Batchelder, M.D., son of Amos M. and Sally (Stoker) Batchelder, was born May 27, 1811. Began the study of medicine in 1834 with Dr. Isaiah C. Straw, Methuen, Mass. Commenced the practice of medicine in Pelham, N. H., June 6, 1837 ; received his diploma at Dartmouth College, November, 1837. Mar- ried Rebecca H. Atwood, a native of Pelham, Nov. 23, 1837, and continues in practice there at this time. Eminent Women. — Dorothy (Gookin) Coffin was born in Hampton, and lived with her husband at the parsonage in East Kingston. The slab at her grave bears this inscription : " Here lies the body of Mrs. Dorothy Coffin,- the virtuous consort of the Rev. Peter Coffin, Pastor of the church of Christ in this place, who deceased June 18, 1749, in the 28th year of her age." Susanna (Batchelder) Webster, wife of Ebenezer Webster (2d), and daughterof Benjamin and Susanna (Page) Batchelder, and. grandmother of Hon. Daniel Webster, was born in Hampton Falls. . . . They were married July 20, 1738. Her father was the son of Nathaniel Batchelder, Sr., and resided on the farm now owned and occupied by Hon. Warren Brown. This Nathaniel, Sr., was a grandson of the notable Stephen Batchelder, who, with his associate, in 1638 settled Winnicunnett, afterwards called Hampton. She was dismissed from the church at Hampton Falls, and received into the church at East Kingston, Jan. 20, 1740. Mrs. Abigail (Prescott) Rowell, daughter of Jere- miah Prescott, and mother of the late Philip Rowell, resided in the last house on the new Boston road, in the southwest part of the town. She died in 1840, aged one hundred years. Judith (Brown) Webster, the mother of George B. Webster, was born in South Hampton, Aug. 29, 1775 ; married in 1808 John, grandson of Jeremy Webster. She was the youngest child of Elijah and Susanna Brown; of South Hampton, who enlisted in the Rev- olutionary army, and died in the service in the north- ern part of the State of New York, when Judith was hardly four years old. After seven years of age she relied on her own efforts for support. She possessed a vigorous constitution, survived her husband and three of her four sons, and died March 7, 1876, aged one hundred years and six months. She retained her faculties to the last, and was respected and beloved by all. Mary (Thayer), wife of Joseph F. Rowe, and eldest daughter of Rev. Elihu Thayer, D.D., was born at the parsonage in Kingston, Feb. 24, 1782. Her father was one of the most noted divines of his day. Mrs. Rowe inherited the virtuous and amiable traits of her father, and retained till her death, April 14, 1859, her connection with the church over which he was pastor. She bore a large family, four of whom survive her ; one, Martha T., wife of George B. Webster, is a resi- dent in town. Lois Sanborn (Stevens) Currier, daughter of Ben- jamin and Lois ( Judkins) Stevens, and wife of Reuben W. Currier, was born in Brentwood, Oct. 5, 1799. They were married Oct. 20, 1820, and have since lived in the house where they now reside. They have had ten children. Mrs. Currier is eighty-three years old, hale and hearty, does her own work, and is the oldest woman in town. EAST KINGSTON. 191 CHAPTER XXIX. EAST KINGSTON.— (roBtmiicr/.) , Ecclesiasticiil History — Congregatioualists — Methodists — Baptists — Adventista — Christians — Free- Will Baptists — TJniversaliste— Catholics. Congregationalists. — We learn from the first church book "That the General Court of New Hampshire did, by their act of 17th November, 1738, erect a new parish in the easterly part of the town of Kingstown, by the name of the East Parish in Kingstown." The inhabitants of said parish, after solemn seeking to God for direction, . . . having the pastors of the neighboring churches join with them, and preach . according to the direction of the province law in such cases, assembled on the 17th July, 1739, in a parish meeting legally warned, to make choice of some per- son to be set over them in the work of the ministry, and voting as usual in such cases, they did with the utmost unanimity make choice of and call Peter Coffin, A.M., of Exeter, unto said ministerial em- ployment among them, who after seasonable delibera- tion did, on the 31st of August following, return answer with acceptance of their call. The communicants among them thereupon met together on the 22d of October, and appointed Wednes- day, November 14th, for the ordination of their pastor, sending out their letters of invitation to eight of the neighboring churches, inviting "them by their elders and delegates to come and assist in the solemnity. The said 14th November all the churches sent to were represented, excepting the Second Church in Salisbury and the church in Kingston." The ordination then proceeded according to the custom of those times and the present time. " At the same time and before the conclusion of ordination services, the Eev. Mr. Marsh, of Amesbury, gave the covenant into and gathered the church, and Rev. Mr.,(Jushing, of Salisbury, gave the charge, and the Rev. Mr. Whipple, of Hampton Falls, gave the right hand of fellowship. The whole proceeded with a great deal of decency and good order, the 68th Psalm was sung, and the assembly was dis- missed." The covenant and creed that was proposed to the church, and by which they were gathered into a church state, being sent down by Rev. Mr. Secombe, pastor of the other church in Kingstown, then fol- lows. ... The creed and covenant are long, and we will not insert even an abstract, as there is nothing unusual in them. Then follow the names of eighteen men, seventeen of whom were dismissed from Kingston and one from Salisbury churches. After all the above it is recorded, " they were thereupon gathered and incorporated into a church state." On the following Lord's day, which was Nov. 18, 1739, there was admitted to the Second Church of Christ in Kingstown, upon a regular dismission from the churches to which they had belonged, three males and twenty-three females, all of whose names are re- corded. Accessions from this time were frequently made. In three years, at the close of 1742, there had been added fifteen males, dismissed five males ; added thirty-one females and dismissed five. These num- bers show at the close of 1742 a net membership of eighty, thirty-one males and forty-nine females.' From that time to 1772, the close of Mr. Cofiin's pastorate, there had been received twenty-four males and thirty-nine females over and above the deaths and dismissals, which are notgiven, making a net mem- bership of fifty-five males and eighty-eight females; whole number, one hundred and forty-three. Susanna Webster, wife Of Ebenezer Webster (2), was received into this church by dismission from the church at Hampton Falls, Jan. 20, 1740; and her husband was .received into the church on the 30th of November following. Elizabeth, second wife of the pastor, was received Sept. 2, 1759, previously a mem- ber of the Church of England. During the thirty- three years of Mr. Coffin's pastorate there were six hundred and ninety-one baptisms, or an annual aver- age of twenty-one. There was rarely over forty or less than four in any one year, generally somewhere midway between these extremes, decreasing in some measure towards the last of his pastorate. Most of these baptized persons were chiplren ; a few were adults. -■ ' In the same time there were one hundred and forty- four marriages solemnized, or a yearly average of more than four; rarely more than eight or less than two. During this period one hundred and five persons owned the covenant, or an annual average of less than four persons. In the selection of a pastor and arrange- ments for the sums to be paid him, and in his dismis- sal, the church and parish each had a voice and acted in concert. 1744, March 28th, it was voted, "That there shall be a Tankard full of wine, that shall be left, given to the pastor after every sacrament." These tankards of wine yielded bitter fruit in the end. It stung " as an adder." In 1745, Simon Noyes and Nathan Adams were suspended on the charge of breaking their church covenant by " absenting themselves from the stated meetings of the church and the sacrament." In 1746, Ebenezer Sleeper and Obadiah Elkins and their wives were charged with absenting themselves from meetings and communions, and "going to Exe- ter and other places to Separate meetings," thus vio- lating their church covenant. Susannah Morrill, " Separatist," Sarah Sleeper, who found it more profit- able to attend Separate meetings, and others were charged, examined, and suspended, but all these were eventually restored, and dismissed to more congenial church relations. Their defense was, in the language of Sleeper, "That the Preachers they heard preach at the Sepa- rate meetings at Exeter opened the Scriptures more to their understanding, and they profited more by 192 HISTORY 01" ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. their preaching than they could by the preaching at home; that God had met and blessed them, and they were not sensible of having done wrong." This was the character of the defense of all. It is a fair supposition that the preaching of White- field was the occasion of the Separate meetings in Exeter and other places. The doctrines of the " New Lights" were more satisfactory to spiritual minds than the meetings at home. But there does not ap- pear, what might have been supposed to exist, an un- kind spirit in either party. 1772. May 27th, a committee of six members, representing the church people and inhabitants of the East Parish of Kingston, met Mr. Coffin, at a place previously appointed, and arranged and settled their affairs, which were previously in dispute, agreed upon the terms of his dismissal and the payments and al- lowances that the town should make him ; agreed "that the church and people jointly should give him aletter of dismission and recommendation." His pas- torate closed March 1, 1772. The financial year was -to end on the 15th of the following September, and the parsonage to be vacated November 10th. June 16th, by request of Mr. Coffin and his wife, " They were by a united vote regularly dismissed from their special relation as members to this church, in order, as it was then proposed, to their joining the church in Exeter, of which the Bev. Mr. Odlin is pastor." July 2d, a council of ministers and delegates from neighboring churches assembled, and after consulta- tion and " due deliberation" passed a resolve, which the church accepted, " That the Eev. Mr. Coffin ask a dismission from his pastoral relations, and that they recommend him." His dismission and recommenda- tion is recorded Aug. 3, 1772. Unsuccessful efforts to settle another minister were then made. In the course of a dozen of years they tried and called as many men, and none of them in- clined to settle. In the eighteen years from August, 1772, to 1790, nine persons were dismissed to other churches, three were received by letter, and seven were received into full communion. Eleven owned the covenant for the baptism of their children, and sixty-two children were baptized. " The failure to settle a minister after the dismission of Mr. Coffin in 1772 was not entirely due to the low state of religion in the place, but to the same causes which unsettled many ministers and which prevented many from settling. The agitation produced by the political state of the country at the comniencement of the Revolutionary war called off the attention of men from the subject of religion to other duties, and the drafts of men and of money for the prosecution of the war left the people in many parishes unable to contribute for the support of public worship, so that many preachers, dependent on their salaries for support, were obliged for the time to engage in other occupations. The students of divinity and students in college were called to engage in the ser- vice of their country in other ways, so that many years passed before their places could be fully sup- plied. In this state of destitution many laymen began to teach in the place of ordained ministers, and not a few of them became in the end useful ministers in difierent denominations." The town and the church histories, during the first half-century, together with the Baptist and Methodist histories for the next quarter of a century, are so in- tertwined it has been almost or quite impossible to present each properly without encroaching upon the other. The church books are the first source of in- formation of the church history, and the town books of the town history. We have omitted from the lat- ter what would have been only a repetition of the former ; when the reader finds a lack in one of these let him turn to the other, and he will probably find it supplied. Had there been no other church but the Congregationalist, it would have been better to com- bine the ecclesiastical and town histories, but as there are others it has been deemed best to present each separately, as has been done. , For the next quarter of a century exertions were made to support and sustain Congregationalist senti- ments, doctrines, and usages. The last of those who supplied the pulpit regularly was the Eev. Nathaniel Kennedy. He preached and resided in the town some time, we are unable to determine how long. He removed to Philadelphia in 1817, or not far from that time, and died there in 1843. While Col. Philip Tilton's wife and daughter Mary, and Mary (Sanborn) Thayer and Joseph F. Rowe and wife, and Simon Magoun and family, and Deacon Robert Smith and Joseph Magoun, and Charles Tit- combj with the Websters and Tiltons and others, lived there was an active, powerful, and healthy influence exerted ; but they are all gone. There are now be- tween forty and fifty persons who, by birth, education, association, and sympathy, are Congregationalists. Of these a dozen are voters, fourteen are church-mem- bers, and four are over seventy years of age. They are very much scatter^ed in the town, and cannot con- centrate their influence as otherwise they might. A part of these belong to the church in Kingston, and worship there on the Sabbath. Methodists,— The first preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church in New England was Jesse Lee, a Virginian, who, in 1789, preached in the State of Con- necticut, in Lynn, Mass., and on Boston Common. The first sermon by a Methodist in New Hampshire was preached by him in Portsmouth, July, 1791. The first society was organized at Chesterfield, in the southwest part of the State, in the latter part of 1795. It is not easy to ascertain when the first sermon was preached here or the first class tyas formed. 'We are inclined to the opinion that there was preachine earlier than 1799, but that no society was formed EAST KINGSTON. 193 before 1802. Epaphras Kibby, who was preaching at Sandwich, E. I., under the charge of his presiding elder, George Pickering, was transferred to East Kingston in. 1799. At this time there were reported but one hundred and thirty-one Methodist members in the State. The following year there was a gain of forty membei-s. He preached here and a portion of the time in Poplin. Another preacher, Daniel Webb, was sent by Presiding Elder Pickering to Hawke. Soon after a class was formed at Hawke, another at Poplin, and at a later period in East Kingston. We assume that the Methodists commenced here with the opening of the present century, when the membership in New Hampshire was less than two hundred, and these mostly in the southwest part of the State. The first General Conference held in New England was at Lynn, Mass., July 18, 1800, at which Epaphras Kibby was ordained and appointed to a cir- cuit in Maine. Rev. George Pickering continued pre- siding elder of this district. Among the preachers who traveled this way was Ralph Williston, who was stationed at Hawke in 1800. He was a favorite here, but some time afterward united with the Episcopal Church. Although no societies had been formed in this vicinity when Kibby came to East Kingston, I think the ground had been entered upon and partially broken up by Pickering, Nichols, and others. In 1802, Thomas Rawlin and Orin Fairbanks were stationed in this town and Poplin. For some years from this date there were frequent additions. (All to whom this * is prefixed were circuit preach- ers to classed towns, who preached here a part of the time and at some other place or places the remain- der.) In 1808, Nehemiah Coye* was stationed here. 1804, Daniel Webb was sent to Salisbury and Kingston. We think he devoted a part of his time here ; there is a tradition to that effect. He solemnized a mar- riage here March 26, 1805 ; was afterwards stationed at Salem, N. H., and in various places in Massachu- setts. " He lived to become the oldest effective Methodist preacher in the world." In 1805, Alexander McLane* was stationed at Kingston and Salisbury, but preached here a part of the time. He baptized Reuben W. Currier. Proba- bly Capt. John Currier and his wife Phojbe, Eliaha Swett and his wife, and Mrs. Cram had joined the society before this time. In 1806, William Stevens was stationed here, but we do not think he preached much, if at all, as Mr. McLane was hired by the town. 1807, Mr. McLane was hired a part of the time. 1808, the town voted not to be taxed to support preaching, and that those who do not wish Mr. McLane to have their part of the parsonage money can have it expended as they please by notifying the selectmen ; also reconsider- ing former votes in favor of hiring Mr. McLane or appropriating to him the parsonage money. For the next ten years we have but a little Methodist history. 1 It will be borne in mind that the first Annual Con- ference in New England was held in 1800, that doors for labor at that time opened on every hand, and that ministers for the work were not plenty. We cannot find records that preachers were sent here by the Con- ference from 1809 to 1822, inclusive ; still it seems to us there were. We have always considered these as the most vigorous, active, prosperous days of Methodism in the town. But of those who took an active part at the time none remain to tell us what transpired. We think now that there were some appointments from the Conference, and that Rev. Reuben Peaslee, of Plaistow, Abraham French, of Hawke, William French, of Sandown, Metcalf, of Greenland, who was much beloved, a licentiate by the name of Cowdrey, and others, including Rev. John Adams, of Newington, ministered here, render- ing it unnecessary for the Conference to furnish a constant supply. During this period there were added to the society Richard French and wife and daughter Nancy, who became Mrs. Nute, Enoch San- born and family, Moses Martin's wife, and Joseph Corliss and wife, on the main road, and some in other parts of the town. In the year 1818 an effort was made to establish an academy. A rivalry at once sprung up with the people of Kingston, and the academy building in that town was erected in 1819. The effort embraced as its friends the people generally, except the "standing order." Abraham Brown, David M. Currier, and others trans- ferred their interests from this town to Kingston. Martin Ruter was the first " preceptor." The writer was one of his pupils. He remained here but a short time, being elected by the General Conference, sitting in Baltimore in 1820, agent of the book concern at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he continued eight years. Mr. Ruter was succeeded by an Irishman, whose name was Congdon. He was not very successful, and the school, as a Methodist institution, gradually ran down. It has been- continued at intervals as an inde- pendent or Union School with indifferent success to the present time. In 1823, Eleazer Steele was stationed here ; 1824, S. B. Haskell. Johnson, a local preacher of Concord, N. H., who resided temporarily at Amesbury Mills, was hired a part of this year. 1826, Amos Binney was stationed here. There were camp-meetings at Sandown in 1828, '24, and '25. At these meetings, and under the labors of the various preachers at these times, were converted and joined the class, and afterwards the church, John Sanborn and wife, and Eliza, Abigail, Hannah, Ste- vens, Jacob, and others of his family and other fami- lies, — John Currier and his wife, at the Falls ; Mrs. Lois Currier, on the main road ; and George How and wife on the North road. In 1826, Mr. French, of San- down, volunteered his services without reward. He preached in the old meeting-house. Mr. French was a hard-laboring, Christian man, and a fair preacher. 194 HISTOEY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. In 1827, Charles G. Chase, with Rev. John Adams, was in "' charge.'' Mr. Chase was unmarried, and " boarded 'round" with the people. The allowance for his services or salary by the Conference was one hundred dollars, if he could get it. He was a fluent, ready, easy speaker, handsome in person, pleasant, companionable in his intercourse, and ardent in his affections. By the advice of his friends he sought affinity with other denomi- nations, got the friendship and attachment of the people, and was laborious and zealous in his work. A revival followed ; thirty persons made profession of religion ; two-thirds of them joined the Meth- odists. Of those who still live nearly all are in good standing in their several churches ; they are Ephraim Cartee and wife, then Khoda Jane True, Mrs. Eaton, then Mary Ann Lawrence, Mrs. Rundlett, then Han- nah Bell Lawrence, Charles L. Rowell and wife, then Mary Ann Sanborn, Mrs. Blanchard, of Haverhill, then Sally Rowell, Reuben W. Currier, and Abraham R. Brown, and one or two others of whom we are not certain. Ten in all, one-third of the whole number, remain at the expiration of fifty-five years ; others have fallen asleep joyfully, several within a few years. No revival here has so many substan- tial Christians now remaining, and no one has been productive of more good to the world by those who have already laid off their armor. In 1834, E. H. Ladd and John JlcCain were sent to this circuit, and preached alternately. In some re- vival not far from this time, perhaps at a later date, in which not only the. stationed preacher, but John Adams and some others were engaged, James M. San- born made a profession of religion. 1835, C. L. Mc- Curdy was in " charge." This year Caroline (Law- rence) Rundlett was among the converts. At a later date her sister, Sarah Lawrence, united with the church, and after the death of Caroline became Mrs. Rundlett, and died less than six months afterwards. Both these sisters died triumphantly. Some time previous to this, we cannot give the year with cer- tainty, a "four days' meeting" was held, in which Dr. Jonathan Bailey, John Towle, and their wives were among the converts. They both lived and died well. Their wives have lately passed away. Rev. Silas Green, of Epping, and quite a number of other min- isters assisted in this series of meetings. 1836 and 1837, Warren Wilbur was in " charge ;" 1838, N. How- ard ; 1839, Warren Wilbur.* In 1840 this place was left without an appointment, and Presiding Elder John F. Adams placed J. M. Wiggin, a young preacher, here as a supply. In the winter following was a long-continued series of meetings. Ministers and people of various denominations were generally interested in it. A large number made a profession of religion and joined the several churches. Rev. W. H. Brewster, who was stationed at Haverhill, Mass., preached a number of very excellent gospel sermons. 1841, Abraham M. Osgood, stationed preacher. The meeting-house was occupied by the several denominations, in proportion to their owner- ship of pews. The town occupied it for town pur- poses. The Methodists were entitled to it eighteen Sabbaths in the year, or about one-third part of the time. This not being so much as they wished, they erected for themselves a commodious house, which was completed and the pews sold May 21, 1842. This year (1842) James M. Young was .stationed preacher. A revival took place, in which John W. F. Barnet, who became a preacher, Orin S. Currier, who became a merchant in Boston, Lyman Nichols, since de- ceased, and others made a public profession of re- ligion. 1843, James M. Young was continued in ."charge;" 1844, Calvin M. Dustin; 1845, Ezekiel Adams ; 1846 and 1847, Charles C. Burr ; 1848 and 1849, Ira A. Sweatland; 1850, Henry Hill.* The next seven years the preachers stationed at Kingston and East Kingston were: 1851, Henry Nutter; 1852, John Gould ; 1853 and 1854, Ezekiel Adams ; 1855, S. S. Cummings; 1856 and 1857, Lorenzo Draper. For the next seventeen years the Conference did not sta- tion preachers here, and the meeting-house was aban- doned, occupied by other denominations, or the pul- pit supplied temporarily by local or supernumerary preachers. Among these were Thurston, of Dover, and Dearborn, of Salem, who had been presiding elders on other districts. James M. Sanborn lived on the paternal estate, but gave his contributions and influence to Kingston. 1875 and 1876, James Carnet was sent here and to Kingston, but the last year he devoted himself almost entirely to Kingston. 1877 and 1878, Charles H. Chase was sent to East Kings- ton and Kingston. He devoted his services to the latter place. Towards the close of 1878, Truman Car- ter was called by the people to fill out an unexpired term of Rev. James Graham, a Baptist minister. 1879, Truman Carter in " charge." An interest was awakened ; several persons were hopefully converted and others reclaimed. Soon after a number of per- sons who had joined the society removed from the town. One-fourth pf the population may properly be classed as Methodists. November, 1879, the church was reorganized. Ann M. Nelson is recording sec- retary. It consists of one class, of which the pastor is leader. It contains thirty-four members, twelve males and twenty-two females. The official board : Trustees, Ezra F. Currier, John M. Tukesbury, John B. Morrill, Jacob H. Sanborn, Ann M. Nelson, Mary R. N. Robinson; Stewards^ Ezra F. Currier, Arthur T. Robinson, Robert E. Rude, Charles. A. Sleeper, Ann M. Nelson ; John B. Morrill, superintendent of Sabbath-school. 1880 and 1881, Rev. Fred. E. White in " charge." During these years the congregations were sustained. There was an attendance in good weather and favor- able circumstances of one hundred persons some- times more ; by estimation, an average attendance of EAST KINGSTON. 195 seventy through the year. A bequest of five hundred dollars, made during Mr. Carter's ministry by Mrs. Elizabeth Towle, was realized this year. Mr. White was favored with the friendship of the people. His successor, now in " charge" for 1882, is Alexander McGregor. The Baptists. — The Baptists were first known in this town some time between 1760 and 1776. The first Baptist Church in New Hampshire was organ- ized in Newton in 1755, and it is probable that some of its members resided in East Kingston. Seven persons, viz. : Jonathan Blasdell, Henry Blas- dell, Samuel Carter, Philip Eowell, Abraham Brown, Edmund Pillsbury, and Sarah Graves, were freed from paying minister tax to the town for the year 1776 and thereafter, they being Quakers, churchmen, and Baptists. In the winter of 1781, Abraham Brown took his family on an ox-sled to meeting at the old Philip Morrill house, beyond the Falls, where probably a portion of the worshipers were from South Hampton and Newton. Mr. Brown died in February, 1781. The Sabbath previously he attended meeting at Little Eiver, in North Hampton. On his way homeward he was assaulted in the woods, causing a bruise which he carried to his grave 1ihe following week. He died on Thursday, at the age of thirty-five years. He evidently was a teacher among his brethren, though not an ordained preacher. His widow kept open house for public worship and the hospitable entertainment of preachers and others. Dr. Samuel Shepard, who was born in Salisbury, Mass., in 1739, was ordained at Stratham in 1771, and had settled in Brentwood, where a church was formed the same year, which a number of persons from East Kingston joined. Dr. Shepard often preached and baptized at East Kingston and neigh- boring towns accessible to the Baptists of this place. He had the care of the young and struggling churches in this vicinity, and fully earned the title of bishop among them. " In this town and South Hampton there were many converted during the summer of 1792." Henry Gale, Reuben Dow, 'and others were baptized. Thomas Nichols, of Harvard, Mass., preached here and in various towns in the vicinity. "He was a, faithful man, but of slender constitution, whose zeal went beyond his strength in his labors. After a long illness he died a triumphant death, at the house of Widow Brown." Eev. John Peak, a native of Walpole, N. H., re- moved to Deerfield in 1793, preaching not only there but in this and other towns. In 1795 Mr. Peak settled in Newton, and continued to preach fre- quently and baptize in East Kingston. This year Mrs. Abigail (Tappan) Gale, widow of Col. Jacob Gale, with several of her children and neighbors, were baptized by Elder Peak, and united with the church in Newton. A number of genera- tions of Gales, Browns, Eastmans, and Blaisdells were Baptists. In 1797 the town " voted that the Baptists should have a portion of the parsonage money, and lay it out as they see fit, and have the meeting-house when not occupied." For many years from this there were contentions among the several denominations in re- gard to their rights in the meeting-house and to the ■parsonage, sometimes one and then another party prevailing. In 1812 the controversy was partially settled by "allowing the several denominations their proportionate share of the meeting-house and of the parsonage money, and refraining from raising money by tax to support preaching. " Benjamin Paul, a mulatto, preached for a time. John Pillsbury, a young man who had been preach- ing in this town and vicinity, sickened and died at the house of Widow Brown. After the removal of Elder Peak from this vicinity, the death of Dr. Shepard and others, the Baptists had meetings less frequently. In 1825, Joseph Corliss, a widower, married Mrs. Mary James, of Pittsfield. They labored earnestly to advance Baptist interests, and a number of persons living here united with churches of the same faith in neighboring towns. Delia Brown was baptized in Powow Eiver, at the Falls, by Eev. .James Barnarby, and joined the church of which he was pastor at Salisbury and Amesbury Mills. She died of consumption, wonderfully tri- umphant, Sept. 7, 1832, in the thirty-fourth year of her age. Eebecca (Gale) Sanborn, Jane Tilton, Jabez D. James and wife and daughter, with Mr. and Mrs. Corliss, joined the church in South Hampton. Mrs. Corliss died Jan. 13, 1858, in the sixty-eighth year of her age. Mr. Corliss died April 5, 1859, aged eighty-one years. Since their time there has been little efibrt made to advance the Baptist cause. In 1876, Eev. James Gi'aham came to this place; an in- terest was awakened, several persons were hopefully converted, and others reclaimed from a backsliding state under his ministry; bat he and his friends thought it not profitable to the cause of God to build up a separate denominational interest. There are twelve persons who still are Baptists, only three of whom are church-members, — a less number than at any previous time for more than a century. Other ministers who have labored here, and of whom honorable mention should be made, are Eevs. Ferdinand Ellis, Samuel Cook, John Newton Browne, Timothy P. Eopes, and James A. Boswell. Adventists. — In the autumn of 1839, William Miller gave a course of lectures in Exeter, which attracted unusual attention. Many from this place went to hear, and were interested. Other public speakers who had embraced Mr. Miller's views lec- tured in the place, among them the eloquent Eev. Charles Fitch. In 1841 a camp-meeting was held here, which attracted a large crowd. 196 HISTOEY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Many exaggerated reports were circulated concern- ing this and other kindred gatherings. That this meet- ing did not partal^e of the obnoxious qualities cliarged against them appears by the following account, written by John G. Whittier, one of the most enlightened and impartial observers: " On my way eastward," says Whittier, " I spent an hour or two at a camp-grovind of the Second Adventists in East Kingston, The spot was well chosen. A tall growth of pine and hemlocli thlew its melancholj^ shadow over the multitude, who were arranged on rough seats of boards and logs. Several hundreds, perhaps a thousand, people were present and more were rapidly coming. Drawn about in a circle, forming a background of snowy whiteness to the daik masses of men and foliage, were the white te[its, and back of tliem the provision-stalls and cook- shops. When I reached the ground a hymn, the words of which I could not distinguish, was pealing through the dim aisles of the forest. I know nothing of music, having neither ear nor taste for it, but I could readily see that it had its effect upon the multitude before me, kindling to higher intensity their already excited enthusiasm. The preachers were placed in a rude pulpit of rough boards, carpeted only by the dead forest leaves and flowers, and tasseled not with silk and velvet, but with the green boughs of the sombre hemlocks around it. One of them followed the music in an earnest exhortation on the duty of preparing for the great event. Occasionally he was really eloquent, and his description of the last day had all the terrible distinctness of Annell's paintingof the ' End of the World.' Suspended from the front of the rude pulpit were two broad sheets of canvas, upon one of which was the figureof a man, the head of gold, the breast and arms of silver, the belly and sides of brass, the legs of iron, and feet of clay, — the dream of Nebuchadnezzar. On the other were depicted the wonders of the Apocalyptic vision, — the beasts, the dragons, the scarlet woman seen by the Seer of Patmos, — ori- ental types and figures and mystic symbols, translated into staring Yan- kee realities and exhibited like the beastsof a traveling menagerie. One horrible image, with its hideous heads and scaly caudal extremity, re- minded me of the tremendous line of Milton, who, in speaking of the same evil dragon, describes l»im as 'swingeing the scaly horrors of his folded tnil.' To an imaginative mind the scene was full of novel interest. The white circle of tents, the dim wood arches, the upturued, earnest faces, the loud voices of the speakers, burdened with the awful symbolic language of the Bible, the smoke from the fires, risinglike incense from forest altars, carried one back to the days of primitive worship, when the groves were God's first temples." From this meeting an influence went out into all the surrounding country. It was a season of awaken- ing and religious zeal, even with those who did not embrace these peculiar views. At this time the be- lievers in Advent doctrines were numerous, and there were many conversions from the world, as well as proselytes from the churches. From 1841 to 1846 there was a continued interest, and a large number of persons professed to submit themselves to God. Not only in these years, but afterwards in 1847 and 18.54, very many were earnest and sincere in looking for the coming of the Lord " in the clouds of heaven." They have as yet been disap- pointed, but still cling to the hope very firmly, with Scotland's fairest poet, that " The morn will come, nay. He himself, . Brighter than morn's best ray, Shall come to bid the night depart. And bring at last the day." In July, 1860, Rev. James White, now of Ports- mouth, preached here, and in the following November moved his family into the town. He stayed nearly two years, and in a letter lately written says, " Forty persons were converted." " Most of the people were favorable." Had they continued united, they would have been a very influential and useful people. But a few left them through disappointment; others were conten- tious on points of doctrine in no way connected with the original "message." They separated into parties, and with their loss of union their influence was largely gone. There are now, including children, twenty-four persons styled " Adventists," nearly one- half of whom are church-members. Eight are voters, and four are over seventy years of age. They repre- sent three distinct parties, though most of them do not belong to any organized body. Rev. John G. P. Cruse, a resident of the town, is a true immeraionist, and holds meetings often at his own house; but rarely preaches to any considerable congregation. Pro- minent among Adventists have been John Towle, Reuben W. Currier, and many others, with a large number of worthy Christian women. The Universalists. — We cannot ascertain when the Universalists first came to this town. Revs. Sebastian L. Streeter and Hosea Ballou were early preachers here, and the earliest of which we have certain knowledge. Mr. Streeter commenced his pastorate in Portsmouth in 1815, and closed it in 1824. During this time he occasionally preached here. His " home" or stopping-pl%ce was with Esquire Ed- ward Greeley, who died Nov. 5, 1817. From the above and traditional accounts our conclusion is that it was not far from 1814. A lady, born in 1806, remembers well Esquire Greeley and Mr. Streeter, and thinks we are as nearly correct in the time as cau be ascertained, unless there are records somewhere to which we have not access. Rev. E. H. Lake with his family resided in town a number of years, but preached here only a part of the time. One-fourth of the inhabitants are strongly attached to Universalist doctrines and usages, and are not fa- vorably disposed to what are usually termed " evan- gelical views," though they claim that theirs are the most evangelical of ai^y that are promulgated. There is now a singular apathy existing with them in relation to meetings. They have had but a few for a number of years last past. Several families attend service on the Sabbath in Kingston, where is a pros- perous society. During the lives of Amos M. Batchelder, Enoch S. French, John Woodman, John Philbrick, Josiah Greeley, and their contemporaries, who first embraced Universalist sentiments, all of whom are now gone, exertions were made to support preaching and dissem- inate their doctrines, which a portion of the people readily accepted. The ministers who preached here after Messrs. Streeter and Ballou were Revs. Russell Streeter, Charles Spear, Thomas G. Farnsworth, Thomas Whittemore, James Shrigley, S. S. Fletcher, Calvin Damon, Willard Spaulding, Henry Jewell, Nathan R. Wright, J. P. Greenwood, J. J. Locke, and Edwin J. Lake. Most of these were men of EAST KINGSTON. 197 ability and accomplishments, who were active and fervent in their labors. None of them preached for a great length of time. They have never had a per- manent settled pastor. The Christians have had for many years an influ- ence and a few adherents. As early as 1792, Eev. Elias Smith, then a Baptist, preached here and bap- tized. Gradually he Separated from the Baptists, and with others started a new party called Christians. After this he preached here and in other towns in this yicinity. He possessed superior talents and was a great favorite with his friends, but was unstable in his doctrinal views. Others who have preached here acceptably are Revs. Henry Eottle, John Harriiiian, Elijah Shaw, Julius C. Blodgett, Henry Plummer, Simeon Swett, Edwin Burnham, and Daniel P. Pike. But more than any other was Rev. Samuel E. Brown, whose home was here for many years, and who labored without fee or reward. The Christians have done little here for thirty years last past. There are now fifteen or twenty persons connected with them, about one-fourth of whom are church-members, though not all attached to any organization. The Free- Will Baptists have had preaching here in past years, but no membership, as they at once co- alesced with the Christians. The Rev. Benjamin Fer- nald, who had labored in places not very far distant, came here in 1856 and preached from two to three years, including the years 1857 and 1858, to good con- gregations and general acceptance. He preached to a Union congregation, and made no efforts to build up his or any other denomination. A number of other Free-Will Baptist preachers have officiated here. Mrs. Judith (French) Carter, of Newton, was the most prominent and intelligent lady of that faith who has resided in the town. Catholics. — There are four families of Irish Cath- olics. They do not hold public meetings. Their priests sometimes visit them, we have been informed. In the summer season thirty or forty French Cana- dians, some of them with families, work here at brick- making. They have no influence on the permanent inhabitants, nor have the latter perceptibly on them. Representatives. — In 1772, Nathaniel Batchelder and Jacob Gale were delegates to a convention in Exeter. In 1774, Jacob Gale and Ebenezer Batchel- der were delegates to a convention in Exeter. In 1780 the towns of Kingston and East Kingston united in choosing Nathaniel Batchelder a represen- tative to the General Assembly to be holden at Exe- ter, empowered to join in calling a, convention to settle a plan of government. In 1783 East Kingston united with Kingston in the choice of a representative to meet at Concord in June, 1784. At that session East Kingston was joined per- manently with South Hampton as classed towns, and representatives were chosen from them alternately. This continued till 1840, when an act was passed au- thorizing each town to send thereafter a representa" tive annually. At the June session of the Legislature of 1878 an act was passed changing the representa- tion, uniting East Kingston and South Hampton as classed towns, so that in the November following a representative was shosen by the two towns united for the biennial session of the years 1879 and 1880. We give below a list of the representatives since the establishment of the new government, or from 1782 to 1882. Those having this * annexed were delegates to Constitutional Conventions: 1782 Nathaniel Batchelder.* ,1843. Enoch S, French. 1783. Nathaniel Batchelder.* 1844. Enoch S. French. 1783. John Eaatman. 1845. Amos Tilton. 1784. John Eastman. 1846, Eliphalet W, Philbrick. 1786. Nathaniel Batchelder. 1847, No choice. 1786. Nathaniel Batchelder. 1848. Eliphalet W. Philbrick 1788. Benjamin Clough. 1849. John Towle, 1788. Benjamin Clough.* 1850 JoBiah Morrill, 1790. Elipbalet Webster. 1851 John Towle, 1791. Ezra Currier. 1852 Benjamin L. Morrill, 1791. Eliphalet Webster.* 1863 Benjamin L, Morrill, 1792. Elipbalet Webster.* 1854, Ezra F, Currier. 1793. Eliphalet Webster. 1865. Ezra M, Currier, 1795. No choice. 1856 Nathan B. Tilton, 1797. Eliphalet Webster. 1857. Ezra F, Currier, 1799. Eliphalet Webster. 1858. Jacob H. Sanborn. 1801. Daniel Page. 1859. John A. Morrill. 1803. Eliphalet Webster. 1860. John L. Greeley. 1805 Eeuben Greeley. 1861, Benjamin Webster. 1807. No choice. 1862. Eliphalet Greeley, 1809, Edward Greeley. 1863. Dana Webster, 1811. Edward Greeley. 1864, Albert B, Currier. 1813. Henry Gale. 1866, Francis T. French, 1816. Edward Greeley. 1866, John W, Gale. 1817. Edward Greeley. 1867. Samuel L. Blaiadell, 1819. Richard French. 1868, Samuel L. Blaisdell, 1821. Stevens Sanborn. 1869. George W. Sanborn, 1823. Joseph Currier. 1870. James M. Sanborn. 1826. Joseph Currier. 1871. Charles F. Greeley, 1827. Joseph Currier. 1872, Stevens Sanborn, 1829. John Stevens. 1873. John L. Philbrick. 1831. Jeremiah Morrill. 1874, William S. Titcomb. 1833. Jeremiah Morrill. 1876, William Gilet 1835. John Stevens. 1876. Thomas J. Heath. 1837. John Stevens. 1876, John B. Morrill.* 1839. John Stevens. 1877. Joseph A. Tilton, 1840. Charles Sanborn, 1878. George W. Sanborn, 1841. No choice. 1879- 80. Francis T. French. 1842. Charles Sanborn, 1881- 82. George W. Sanborn, Political. — We have given a list of representatives for one hundred years, or three generations from the establishment of the government. For the iirst gen- eration we canjiot state their differences of opinion politically, if any existed. In the early days of the republic the people were active, patriotic, and self- sacrificing. On the latter part of the first generation new issues arose, principles were discussed, and parties were formed, so we are able to write with certainty in relation to the political character of the representa- tives of the last two generations. During the second generation, a part of the time a classed town, South Hampton furnished twelve representatives. Two years it was voted not to send ; of the remaining twenty years, the regularly nominated Democrats were suc- cessful seven years, the regular Federalists or Whigs three years, and in the other ten years moderate 198 HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW, HAMPSHIRE. Democrats, supported by the combined opposition, were elected over the regular Democratic nominee. For the last generation the Democrats have elected their regular ticket twenty years, and the Republicans have elected theirs thirteen years. Military Record. — The following is a list of the soldiers of East Kingston in the war of the Rebellion : John A. James, Co. I, 2d Eegt.; enl. Nov. 30, 1863; pro. to Corp. Jan. 1, 1865: disch. Dec. 19, 1865. Daniel McNichols, Co. K, 2d Eegt.; enl. Nov. 17, 1863; trans, to U. S. N. April 29, 1864. George H. Myron, Co. I, 2d Begt.; enl. Dec. 2,1863; pro. to oorp. July 1, 1864 ; to sergt. May 1, 1865 ; disch. Dec, 19, 1866. Thomas H. Campbell, Co. II, 6th Kegt. ; enl. Deo. 10, 1863 ; trans, to U. S. N. April 22, 1864. Henry Dodge, Co. K, 6th Begt. ; enl. Deo. 7, 1863 ; missing June 3, 1864. Edward Oolcord, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. June 24, 1862. George H. Marsh, Co. C, 6th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1861; re-enl. coip, Dec. 26, 1863; pro, to sergt.; absent, sick, since June 3, 1864; no dis- charge furnished. Blvin Marsh, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; killed Aug. 29, 1862. Ebenezer K. Mardin, Co. C, 6th Begt.; enl, Nov. 27, 1861 ; disch. June 24, 1862. Daniel P. Pierce, Co. C, 6th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 27,1861; disch. Aug. 29, 1862. John A. Webster, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861; re-enl. Deo. 23, 1863 ; captured May 28, 1864. William Carter, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1862 ; trans, to V. B. C. July 1, 1863. Thomas C. Goodrich, Co. C, 6th Eegt.; enl, Sept. 3, 1862; pro. to sergt.; disoh. June 4, 1865. John G. Oolcord, Co. 1, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 20, 1863 ; pro. to Corp. ; disoh, May 27, 1866. Evander A. Goodrich, 6th Eegt, ; enl. Dec. 20, 1863 ; trans, to V. E, C. Jan. 20, 1866 ; disoh. Sept 3, 1866. Henry MoCabe, Co. D, 7th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 16, 1864. Manuel Marks, Co. C, 7th Eegt. ; enl, Jan. 3, 1865 ; disch. July 20, 1865. John Sau Francis, Co, D, 7th Eegt,; enl. Nov. 16, 1864; disch. July 20, 1866. Franklin Cass, Co. B, 7th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 10, 1862; disch. June 26,1865. Sylvester W. Bartlett, Co, B, 8th Begt.; enl, Dec, 20, 186] ; pro, to Corp, May 1, 1863 ; killed June 14, 1863. David D, Lawrence, Co, B, 8th Eegt. ; enl. Dec, 20, 1861 ; died May 27, 1863. Alonzo L. Tappan, Co. B, 8th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 20,1861; disch. July 5, 1862. Smith N. Welsh, Co. B, 8th Eegt,; enl. Jan. 4, 1864; disch. Oct. 2S, 1865. James M, Tappan, corp, Co, A, 9th Eegt. ; enl. July 3, 1862 ; died Nov. 1, 1862. Benjamin D. James, Co. A, 9th Eegt. ; enl. July 8, 1862; disch. April 30, 1863. Charles H, Webster, Co, A, 9th Eegt, ; enl. July 10, 1862. John Hill, Co. 1, 10th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863. James McDonald, Co. 1, 10th Eegt, ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; trans, lo 2d Eegt. June 21, 1866; disci. Deo. 19, 1865. Alexander McDonald, Co. K, 10th Rugt,; enl. Aug»ll, 1863; disch. Feb. 22, 1864. George W. Davis, Co. I, loth Eegt, ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Peter Frigwirg, Co. D, lOth Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; trans, to 2d Eegt. June 21, 1865. Calvin B, Magoon, sergt. Go. I, 11th Begt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1862; died May 17, 1864. Jacob 31. Phillips, corp. Co. 1, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1862 ; disch. April 22, 1864. Charles M. Burleigh, Co. I, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Sept, 3, 1862 ; pro. to corp. ; disch. June 4, 1865. John W. Nichols, mus, Co. I, 11th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 2, 1862; disch. in gen. hosp. ; authority and date unknown, Gilman N, Dow, Co, 1, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1862 ; disch. Jan. 13, 1863. Kingsley L. Hale, Co. I, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1862; disch. June 4, 1865. Nathaniel Swett, Co. I, Uth Eegt.; enl, Sept. 3, 1862; died Jan. 11,1863. George Swett, Co. 1, 11th Begt. ; enl. ^ept. 3, 1862 ; disoh. June 3, 1866. Charles Crocker, 12th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 8, 1863 ; supposed to have deserted en route to regiment. John EossengriBt, Co. C, 12th Eegt. ; enl. Deo. 12, 1863; trans, to 2d Eegt. June 21, 1865. Jacob Anderson, Co. 1, 12th Begt, ; enl. Dec. 8, 1863 ; trans, to TJ. S. navy April 29, 1864. Philip Smith, Co. D, 13th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Henry H. Titoomb, Co. D, 14th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 23, 1862 ; pro. to corp. Oot, 31, 1864 ; disch, July 8, 1865. William Miller, Co. F, 14th Eegt, ; onl. Aijg. 11, 1863. Joseph Terry, Co. E, Uth Eegt. ; enl. July 28, 1864 ; disch. July 8, 1865. Charles B. Batcheldor, sergt. Co. A, H. Art.; pro. to 1st sergt. Oot. 26, 1854 ; disoh. Sept. 11, 1866. William F. Currier, Co. A, H, Art. ; enl. July 18, 1863 ; disch. Sept. 11, 1866. Amos M. Batchelder, Co. A, H, Art, ; enl. Feb. 19, 1864; disch. Sept. 11, 1866. Charles C. Marsh, Co. A, H. Art. ; enl. July 18, 1863 ; disch. Sept. 11, 1866. George W. Marden, Co. A, H. Art. ; enl. Feb. 19, 1864; disch. Sept. 11, 1865. Daniel P. Pierce, Co. A, H. Art.; enl. July 18, 1863; disch. Aug. 7, 1866. Charles T. C. Pierce, Co. A, H. Art. ; enl. Aug. 10, 1863 ; disch. Sept. 11, 1865. Andrew J. York, Co. A, H. Art. ; enl. July 22, 1863 ; disoh. Sept. 11, 1865. James E. Gray^ sergt. Co. E, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864 ; , disch. June 15, 1865. Warren Balch, Co. E, H. Art. ; enl, Sept. 5,1864; disoh, June 16, 1865. Adoniram J. Sawyer, sergt. Co. G, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 6, 1864 ; disch. June 15, 1865. George B.Kendall, Co. D, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 4, 1864 ; disch. June 15, 1865. Edwin S, Sweatt, Co. E, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 6, 1864; disch. June 15, 1865. Isaac H. Heath, Co. E, U. S. S. S. ; enl. Sept. 9, 1861 ; disch. April 1, 1863. Lewis B. Morrill, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; drowned at Big Black Elver, Miss., July 22, 1863. Edward Colcord, Vet. Ees, Corps; enl. Dec. 2, 1863; date of discharge unknown now. Charles Freeman, U. S. C. T. ; enl. Jan. 3, 1865 ; date of discharge un- known now. Edward Davis, U. S. 0. T. ; enl. Dec. 30, 1B64 ; date of disch. unknown. Henry H. Titcomb. Amos F. Varney, sergt., Co. G, 18th Begt. ; enl. Nov. 16, 1864 ; reduced to ranks March 13, 1865 ; disch. July 29, 1865. Frank Clark, enl. July 28, 1864, three years ; credited to town ; no fur- ther record given. David Eoberts, enl. July 29, 1864, three years ; credited to town ; no further record given. Abel Gale, enl. Aug. 2, 1864, three years; credited to town; no further record given. John Smith, enl. Nov. 17, 1864, three years ; credited to town ; no fur- ther record given. James E, Grey, corp,, Co, 0, 6th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; disch. Jan. 22, 1864. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. JOHN SANBORN. John Sanborn, son of John and Abigail (Rowell) Sanborn, was born on the Sanborn homestead in East Kingston, N. H., June 1, 1800. He commenced when quite small to work on the farm and in the tannery of his father, having only limited common-school education, and remained at work there until he was thirty-two years old, when (1832) he went to Virginia to visit an uncle in medical practice at the " Dismal Swamp." He remained in the South until 1837, " tramping" on foot over Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Louisiana, crossing the Alle- ghany Mountains twenty-one times. In 1840 he ,M^^^^ EAST KINGSTON. 199 moved to Amesbury, Mass., and ran a tan-yard there for three years, when he engaged in lumbering, fol- lowing that 'profitably to quite an extent until 1864, when he removed to the place in Amesbury Mills where he is at this date resident, and has not been in active business since, flis mind was not satisfied with the steady ebb and flow of life in the quiet New Eng- land community where he had cast his lot, and he determined to see the historic places of transatlantic lands aod know from his own observation the story which they told. He married, Aug. 16, 1842, Mercy E., daughter of Ebenezer and Eunice (Merrill) Mor- rill. She was a native of Salisbury, Mass. . In 1862 he visited the London Exposition, remaining in Lon- don thirty-nine days, then visited Paris, then Eome, then back to England and Scotland, which he thor- oughly viewed from Highlands to Lowlands, spending three most pleasant weeks; from thence to Liverpool, whence, Aug. 16, 1862, he took passage for New York on the. " Great Eastern." She ran on the rocks off Montauk Point, and soon had twenty-five feet of water in her hold. The passengers were not injured, how- ever, and were landed in New York Aug. 27, 1862, and Mr. Sanborn arrived at South Amesbury in safety. Previously he had made a trip through Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick, visiting Niagara Falls and many points of interest in that portion of British America. Sept. 30, 1873, accompanied by his wife, he embarked for Liverpool, his ultimate destination being the Pyramids of Egypt. Arriving in Liverpool Oct. 12, 1873, he remained about six weeks, visiting London, Brighton, Hastings, Dover, etc. November 24th, they went to Paris, en route for Florence, Italy, passing on their way through the Mont Cenis tun- nel. Jan. 4, 1874, they started for Cairo, Egypt, taking cars to Brindisi, where they went on a steamer for Alexandria, and were five days on the Mediterranean. They remained in Egypt about a week, looking at Alexandria, Cairo, with its famous citadel of oriental alabaster, the Pyramids, the Sphinx ; returned to Alexander; saw the Pacha's .Garden, Cleopatra's Needle, and the other scenes of the curious city of that old curious land, then setting their faces home- ward they took steamer for Naples, enjoying the Mediterranean scenery and the beauties of the Bay of Naples, remaining at Naples one week, then off for Rome for another week, then for various points of intelligent interest, Pompeii, Herculaneum, etc., and to Florence. In the healthful atmosphere of that beautiful city they remained about six weeks, and February 24th left for Paris, thence March 12th for London, seeing on that journey the first snow they had seen that winter. After three enjoyable weeks in London they sailed from Liverpool for Boston April 16, 1874, arriving there April 29th, reaching Ames- bury the same day. Mr. Sanborn is a pleasant and instructive conver- sationalist; sees everything with a practical New England eye, and can point every story with a fitting moral. He is prudent, economical, and is possessed of a shrewd common sense in business matters. The following extracts from his volurninous diary show that he is a man of more than ordinary command of language, and, if he could be induced to publish it, would give the world a humorous and valuable addi- tion to its works on travel. The following expressive pen-picture of life in Cairo is ample single proof of this : " Egypt, smitten and accursed, has lost all strength and energy. Long oppression has taken from her the power and the will to advance. In Egypt there is no middle class, no nobility, clergy, merchants, nor land- lords. Where once stood the palaces of the Pharaohs the people have built mud-walled huts, in which they now live. Some of the features are camels, donkeys, fleas, lice, dirt, and odors not wafted from ' Araby the Blest.' The architecture of the business portion of the city is that of Paris, stately edifices of hewn stone. In the suburbs you find primitive oriental mud hovels, — a hole in the roof for the chimney, and another in the wall for door and window. The ground is the fioor, a rush matting serves for door. You see men, women, naked children, dogs, goats, pigs, chickens occupying the same premises. The men wear camel's-hair shirts, which serves for coat, cloak, and night-gown, all in one. The women wear long cotton frocks, dyed with indigo, without crino- line." The other extract is of family interest : " Amesbury, Mass., Oct. 20, 1880. Forty years ago to-day I was in Yallabusha County, Miss., and took up a newspaper. Brother Jonathan, published in New York under date of Sept. 25, 1840, and saw the following about my grandmother, Abigail Rowell : ' The Exeter News-Letter chronicles the death, at East Kingston, N. H., of Widow Abigail Kowell, aged one hundred years, eleven months. She left eight children, twenty- seven grandchildren, sixty-five great-grandchildren, and two great-great-grandchildren. ' " •JAMES M. SANBORN. The first known ancestor of the numerous families of Sanborn was John (?) Sanborn, who married, in England, a daughter of Rev. Stephen Bachelor ; died early, leaving his widow and three sons to the care of her father. Rev. Mr. Bachelor was born in England about 1561, took Episcopal orders, was rejected for non-conformity, went to Holland, and afterwards to America, landing at Boston, June 5, 1632, and set- tling for a few years at Lynn, where he, then over seventy, discharged the duties of a pastor over a church he had gathered together. Difficulties in the church arising, partly from his eccentricities, he, with quite a following, removed to Ipswich, then to New- bury, and in 1638 settled in Hampton, N. H., and was regularly installed as first pastor of its Congre- gational Church. Here .lohn and William Sanborn 200 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. lived and died. The name was originally, in Eng- land, Samborne, or Sambourn, derived from the parish of Sanborn. (Another authority gives it as Sand- borne.) The John above mentioned was lieutenant, many years a selectman, representative to the Gen- eral Court, etc. From him is descended James Mon- roe Sanborn, the line of descent being John, Tristram, Tristram, John (who, born July 30, 1743, settled in Kingston, had six sons and daughters, and became one of the leading men of the town), and John. James Monroe Sanborn, son of John and Abigail (Eowell) Sanborn, was born on the homestead of his ancestors in East Kingston, N. H., Aug. 2, 1819. He was reared a farmer, had the educational advantages of good common schools, supplemented by one term's attendance at Hampton Academy. He was youngest in a family of twelve children, and remained on the farm with his father, learning of him the trade of tanner and currier, in which he was doing a large business. He entered as a youth into labor, and from early years earnestly carried both agriculture and tanning forward vigorously. His active tempera- ment, business qualities, and warm social nature caused him to be extensively and favorably known. He was a successful farmer, and an intelligent and enterprising promoter of the interests of agriculture, and stood in the van of the working officers of the leading agricultural societies of the State ; was one of the first members of Rockingham County Agri- cultural Society, and for many years one of its trus- tees. He was largely intrusted with positions of trust and honor, and was probably the most influential citizen of his town. Living and dying on his native homestead, by his actions he commanded the confi- dence and esteem of the community, and never was that confidence misplaced or forfeited. He had a generous heart and genial disposition, and a practical benevolence which was always controlled by the spirit of Christianity. He purchased the tannery of Moses Sanborn, at Little River, Kingston, and carried on an extensive business for about ten years. During nearly his entire business life he was placed in various ofiices in the government of his town, both in its material and educational interests. Whig and Republican in belief, as such he was selectman, town clerk, justice of the quorum, representative, and in all matters his judgment was respected as superior to others, and his honesty above suspicion. He was licensed as a local preacher of the Methodist Episco- pal Church in 1855, and ordained a deacon May 3, 1857, by Bishop Morris. As a preacher he was plain, practical, and of easy address, and his ministry was exercised gratuitously whenever occasion offered. He was nine years manager of and one of the most effi- cient members of the executive committee of the Hedding Camp-Meeting Association at Epping at the time of his death, which occurred July 5, 1875. He married Julia A., daughter of Reuben W. and Lois (Stevens) Currier, Dec. 1, 1842. There were two chil- dren by this marriage, — Areanna Evelyn, born April 9, 1845, married Edward A. Holmes, resides in Bos- ton, and has one child, Lois M. ; James M. died in in- fancy. Mrs. Sanborn died Feb. 7, 1849. His second marriage was Sept. 25, 1850, to Elizabeth H., daughter of Jonathan and Lydia (Hammond) Fletcher, who sur- vives him. There children were (1) James Fletcher, born March 30, 1853, graduated at Comer's Com- mercial College, Boston, married Mary J., daughter of Elbridge and Mary Judkins, of Kingston, Oct. 15, 1874, has two children, Winfred J., and Henry C. ; (2) Julia Augusta, born March 23, 1855, graduated at Robinson Female Seminary, Exeter, married Rev. John Wentworth Sanborn, of the Methodist Episco- pal Church, Aug. 21, 1873, had children, Elizabeth M. E. and John W., Jr., and died at Gowanda, N. Y., Aug. 14, 1877 ; (3) Sherman Hammond, born May 5, 1857, educated at Tilton, New Hampshire Confer- ence Seminary, was graduated as Doctor of Dental Surgery at Boston Dental College, May 1, 1879, mar- ried Clara T., daughter of Atherton H. and Emily E. (Bradley) Stevens, of East Cambridge, Mass., Dec. 22, 1880, and Is in practice of his profession at Wo- burn, Mass.; (4) Mary Abbie died in infancy; (5) John Munroe, born April 9, 1863, educated at Kings- ton and Gushing (Ashburnham) Academies, suc- ceeded his father as farmer on the old homestead, married Clara N., daughter of Amos C. and Hattie E. (Draper) Chase, of Kingston (see biography of A. C. Chase, Kingston) ; (6) Moses Manson, born Dec. 4, 1865. For nearly half a century Mr. Sanborn was accus- tomed to walk the streets of his native town, mingling with its people in social, business, and church rela- tions, and never did malice or suspicion whisper aught against his integrity. He was emphatically an honest man, and the vacuum made by his loss can- not be filled by another. In public and private life he was modest and unassuming, courteous and gentlemanly in his de- meanor, sympathetic and benevolent to the dis- tressed, and warmly attached to his friends. He was firm and unflinching in the discharge of duty, energetic and indignant against any appearance of chicanery or fraud. In his death his family lost a kind and tender husband, a loving and indulgent father, and Rockingham County one of its most prominent and honored citizens, whose life and influ- ence were inseparably connected with all prominent events in the county during the last quarter of a cen- tury, and whose memory will be cherished and re- spected more largely than that of almost any towns- man who survives him. His widow resides with her son on the old homestead, and, like her la- mented husband, enjoys a warm place in the hearts of many whom her benevolence has befriended or her Christian influence reached. ^,,^__.^ (^. ^^..W'-^^ EAST KINGSTON. 201 THE BROWN FAMILY. Rev. Samuel E. Brown, son of Abraham and Betsy (Ring;) Brown, was born Sept. 13, 1806. In addition to an English education, he spent one year in the study of Latin and Greek at the academy in Kingston. He taught school twelve years, with long intervals of vacation, in which he pursued his studies. He com- menced his religious life in 1827, was baptized in 1828, began to preach in 1829, was ordained to the work of the gospel ministry by elders of the Christian denomi- nation, among whom was Rev. Elijah Shaw, April 24, 1883, at Kensington, N. H. He joined the Associa- tion of Regular Baptists in 1850. He preached fifteen years in Portland, Me., in two pastorates; ten, in Hampton Falls, in two pastorates ; and six in South Hampton. In his early ministry he preached in Kensington, East Kingston, and other towns in Rock- ingham County, and in Haverhill, Salisburj', and other towns in Essex County, Mass., and for a brief period as an evangelist. His whole service as a min- ister was thirty -three years. During the early part of his ministry he did the double work of teaching school and preaching the gospel. He had good natural parts, which, with se- vere self-discipline, constant study, and exercise of his gifts, made him more than an average scholar and speaker. But more and above all was the unction with which he was favored and the power with which he spoke. He was easy and fluent as a speaker, able and successful as a minister, and as a man he was re- spected and beloved. We give in this work an en- graving taken from a small photograph, and though it is by no means such a likeness of the original as is desired, it will be recognized readily by those who knew him thirty years ago. He married Elvira L. Small, of Portland, Me., by whom he had six children, and who bore his name till her death, in Lowell, Mass., Oct. 11, 1879. He died in South Hampton, June 26, 1862, and was buried at East Kingston, with the generations who have passed away. He left five sons. Rev. S. Emmons Brown, oldest son of Rev. Samuel E. Brown, whose biography we have given, was born in Portland, Me., Feb. 27, 1847. He graduated from Harvard College in 1870, and from Rochester, N. Y., Theological Seminary, in 1873. He then went to Ger- many, and passed three years at the universities of Leipsic and Halle and in traveling through parts of Europe and the East. He then accepted the chair of New Testament Greek at Rochester, N. Y. The day of his ordination in the Baptist Church, of which he was a member in Exeter, N. H., was fixed for July 17, 1877. He was at East Kingston, on his way to that service, when struck down by typhoid fever, occasioninghisim- mediate return to his mother's home in Lowell, and his death occurred there Aug. 5, 1877. He was a brilliant scholar and a devoted Christian man, whose memory lives in the hearts of many of this and other lands. His remains were brought here for interment near his father in the ancestral lot. Rev. Charles Rufus Brown, the second son of Rev. Samuel E. Brown, was born at East Kingston, Feb. 22, 1849. He entered the Naval Academy at Annap- olis, Md., in 1865, remaining there and in the naval service till 1875. He graduated from Harvard Col- lege in 1877, and from the theological institution at Newton, Mass., in 1879, having passed the last year ot his course at the Union Theological Seminary, in New York City. He then spent two years in study in Germany, and after a brief period with his friends, and preaching in various places, he was ordained to the work of the gospel -ministry, Dec. 30, 1881, in Franklin Falls, N. H., where he is now pastor of the Baptist Church. Of the other sons of Rev. Samuel E. Brown, — William Edwin was born in Portland, Me., Oct. 23, 1853; is married; resides in Concord, N. H., and is in a hardware-store. Frank Wakren was born in South Hampton, Jan. 12, 1857, and is in an agricultural warehouse in Boston. GiLMAN Abraham was born in South Hampton, Oct. 31, 1861. He is in the agricultural warehouse with his brother in Boston. RUFUS BROWN. Rufus Brown, son of Abraham and Betsey (Ring) Brown, was born in East Kingston, N. H., June 23, 1812. His ancestors were English, several brothers coming from the north of England and settling at the mouth of the Merrimac River, and Henry Brown, in 1639, had a lot of land in Salisbury. He married Abigail , had several children, one of whom, Abraham (1st), was born in 1649. He married Eliza- beth Shepard in 1674, resided in Salisbury, was a cooper by trade, and died in 1733, aged eighty- four. One of his children, Abraham (2d), born March 21, 1690, settled on what is known as the " Peak," in South Hampton, had a captain's commission, mar- ried Hannah Morrill, had three sons and five daugh- ters, purchased a part of the present farm of Rufus Brown, in the town of East Kingston, March 16, 1716, led an active, industrious life, and died on his sixty-eighth birthday. Samuel, born April 7, 1716, settled in East Kingston in early life, built the house where Rufus now lives, was an energetic man of business, owned mill and other property in Brent- wood and elsewhere, and died in 1774. He had two sons — Abraham and Moses — and five daughters, some of whom married and settled in this vicinity. Abra- ham, born Oct. 8, 1745, married Mary Emmons, Dec. 3, 1770, had three sons — Abraham, Samuel, and Abel — and two daughters, and died in 1781, after a short illness, induced by exposure or, an assault given by reason of his pronounced religious opinions and earnest labors. His oldest son, Abraham, born Dec. 202 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 28, 1773, married Betsey, daughter of Page Eing, Esq. (born in 1774, died May 11, 1852), May 14, 1798, inherited. one-third of his father's estate, purchased the remaining two-thirds, and was a quiet, old-fash- ioned farmer all his days, and died Feb. 28, 1845. He had eight children, all of whom are dead but Abraham E., born April 27, 1810, and Eufus. The Eing'family came early from England. Eobert' Eing took the " freeman's oath" Aug. 9, 1640 ; was an active man in Salisbury ; had a son Jarvis^, who was great-grandfather of Page Eing, born in 1743,' and whose, line of descent was Jarvis', Jr., Jonathan*, Pagel Eobert died Dec. 3, 1705. Eev. Stephen Baohilor, so prominent in early Hampton history, had one grandchild. Deacon Nathaniel B., who lived in Hampton near the old meeting-house. His son Ben- jamin married Susannah Page, and settled where Hon. Warren Brown now lives. Benjamin had a " baker's dozen" of children. His daughter Susannah married Ebenezer Webster in 1738 ; removed to East Kingston in 1740 (or earlier). She was the grandmother of Hon. Daniel Webster and Hon. Ezekiel Webster. Esther, another daughter, married Jonathan Eing, of Salisbury ; had one son. Page (named for his grand- mother), who was father of Betsey (Eing) Brown. Su- sannah (Batchelder) Webster and Esther (Batchelder) Eing being sisters, their children, Ebenezer Webster' and Page Eing, were cousins ; Hon. Daniel Weoster and Betsey (Eing) Brown, second cousins ; and Capt. Fletcher Webster and Eufus Brown, third cousins. Eufus Brown had but limited opportunites for edu- cation, but these were improved sufficiently to enable him to transact business, and while reared a farmer, when about fourteen, he began to accompany his uncle, Abel Brown, a book publisher of Exeter, in his trips around the country, and assist in his auctions of his works. This gave him a practical business education of the best kind for him, as experience and observation have ever been his best teachers. His brother Abraham was also engaged from his four- teenth year with his uncle. After the death of Abel, which occurred before Eufus was twenty-one, the two brothers purchased the stereotype plates, stock, etc., of the uncle's estate and continued the business, Abraham doing the office duty, and Eufus attending to the traveling and sales. All these years he was on the farm with his father whenever business slackened or need for his help was urgent. After closing the publishing, Eufus started a little dealing in the line of patents, first taking a washing-machine, next a thrashing-machine, both of which he owned, manu- factured, sold machines, and also " rights." He con- tinued in this for two years. Before he was of age he began lumbering, and from that time to the present he has been more or less en- gaged in- that. Having accumulated some fourteen hundred dollars by sticking to business and the old home, after caring for his parents, he conceived the idea of making some money in real estate, and when the city of Lawrence, Mass., was laid out, and when the whole place was a waste field, and the dam furnishing the water-power was only in process of construction, and there were no streets there, he began dealing in lots, buying, selling, building, and renting, and by sound judgment and shrewdness was quite successful. For a time he engaged in the grocery trade, but only for about a year. Still holding to his real estate and his tenements, in 1852 he moved to Concord, N. H., as a contractor in the iron-shops of New Hampshire State prison, under Wardens Dow and Webster. Here he stayed three years, making general ma- chinery, steel springs, axles, etc. Eeturning then to his ancestral home in East Kingston, he devoted himself to farming and the improvement of his farm- land, that had been heretofore waste and unproduc- tive, was brought rapidly into productive meadow, fields were cleared of their encumbering stone, which furnished material for strong walls, and his example in this direction became of benefit to others. He also thoroughly renovated and repaired and almost rebuilt the dwelling occupied by five generations, and made it the pleasant place it 'now is. Here he has resided ever since, a representative farmer, not ashamed but justly proud of his avocation, and the care of his estate, with his other diversified business, has been all the labor he has cared to do. Of vigor- ous health and active temperament, he is never idle, labors himself in the field, believes fully that "he who by the plow would thrive, himself must either hold or drive." He early appreciated the advantage of machinery on the farm, brought into use the first mower in the town, and is quick to observe and turn to utility any labor-saving invention. His word is as good as his bond, and he has never failed to pay "one hundred cents on the dollar." His home farm comprises one hundred acres in a high state of culti- vation. His business engrosses his attention. When about twenty-two years old he was selectman, and has been highway surveyor; but he leaves to others more aspiring the dignity and honors of oflicial pre- ferment. In the fall of 1857 he and his wife passed a year of travel in Europe. This, with the relaxation afforded by short trips to the seaside, Boston, etc., has been almost the only respite from constant labor during his seventy years of life. Plain and frank in manners and speech, he is a man of the people, and a typical New England farmer, who has made more than "two blades of grass'' grow where only one grew before. In early life a Democrat, he has been a Eepublican from the first. He married, (1) 1843, Harriet S., daughter of Amos Bacheldor, of East Kingston ; she died March 15, 184e, aged twenty-nine; (2) March 12, 1851, Ann E., daughter of Watkins Eoberts, of Shanballymore House, Shanballymore, County Cork, Ireland, of a family of good repute, dating its occupancy of its land from the Norman conquest ; she died Sept. 14, 1875, aged sixty-three; (3) Nov. 12, 1878, Afl!a E., EAST KINGSTON. 203 daughter of Joseph S. and Betsey A. (Tenney) Floyd. She was born in Centreville, Me., and was for more than twenty years a resident of Boston. Mr. Brown has been very prosperous. He has left his impress in many affairs of life, and the agricultural interests of his native town have gained much by his work, aijd he to-day stands in the front rank of its wealthy ag- riculturists, and enjoys the esteem of a large circle of the leading business men of an extended area. CHARLES E. MORRILL. Charles E. Morrill is of an honorable line of de- scent. A description accompanying a coat of arms of the Morrill family, now in possession of J. F. Mor- rill, of Newburyport, Mass., is, " He beareth Azure, two GriiBns rampant, or supporting a Diamond, argent, by the name of Morrill, granted ye Fifteenth year of ye reign of Queen Elizabeth, to Sir Hugh Morrill, of ye County of Devon, first son of Sir Robert Morrill, Inner Temple, London, son of Thomas Morrill, "West Riding of England." Abraham Morrill, the emigrant, died at Salisbury, Mass., in 1682. He had lived there thirty-two years and reared a family. He must, there- fore, have come from England prior to 1650. His second son, Jacob, also was a resident of Salisbury, and, on authority of W. S. Morrill, of Marlow, N. H., a close and accurate genealogist, we give among his children Ezekiel, Hannah, Thomas, Ruth, Jacob, Jr., Aaron, and Susannah. This Aaron had children, — Elijah (or Abijah, as copied by Mr. Morrill from Salisbury record), Theodate, Aaron, Jr., Theodate (2), Susannah, Henry, Judith, Joannah, and Thomas, the two last probably by a second marriage. Elijah's children were Ezra, Anne, Elijah, Jr., Mary, Robert, and Benjamin. Benjamin Morrill was born in Salis- bury, Mass.,- in 1707. His wife, Abigail , was born in 1711. He was a man of some consequence, had a lieutenant's commission, and owned real estate in what is now East Kingston, for a tax of one pound and three shillings was levied against him there in 1757. He had six children, — Hannah, born Aug. 10, 1732; Sarah, Aug. 9, 17.38; Benjamin, May 7, 1741 ; John, Dec. 28, 1743; Samuel, Nov. 28, 1745; and Samuel (2), June 26, 1749. John married MoUie Rogers, March 6, 1766, and settled in East Kingston as a farmer, and was a tanner also. Their children were Ruth, born Sept. 27, 1768 (married a Bachelor), Benjamin, John, born Sept. 18, 1774 ( married a Page), Stephen, born Nov. 19, 1766 (married a Martin), Sam- uel, born Feb. 20, 1779 (married a Nobles), Polly, born March 3, 1781 (married a Currier), and Josiah (mar- ried a Hutchins). Benjamin Morrill, born Oct. 30, 1770, in East Kings- ton, N. H., was a farmer, and, like his father, a tanner also. He married Sarah Currier, of South Hampton, and had eight children,— Amos (father of Charles E.), Stephen (father of John B.), Benjamin L., George W., Sally (married, 1st, John Sweatt, of Kingston ; 2d, Jeremiah Leavitt, of Gilmanton, N. H.), Betsey (Mrs. Bernard French, of South Hampton, had two chil- dren, George and Fred), Emily ( married John Lover- ing, of Kensington; had children, one of whom attained maturity, is married, and now lives in Salis- bury, Mass.), and Polly (died young). Benjamin lived, a hale man, to a good old age, and never felt disease until his last illness. He was a spare man, of good height; was a minute-man in the war of 1812, loved his home, and never cared to be away from it. He was a Jeffersonian Democrat, positive in his con- victions, and firm in his adherence to them. A suc- cessful farmer, he kept adding gradually to his estate. His social nature made him many friends, and his fireside was much sought by young people as a place where they could fully enjoy themselves, and the name he was generally known by was " Uncle Ben." Amos, son of Benjamin, was born in East Kingston in 1796. From very early life he was a great student. He acquired a very good English education, began the study of medicine, but, discontinuing it, became a teacher, and teaching many years, was universally known as "Master Morrill." He was a great mathe- matician, and especially fond of surveying. His wife he first met as a student in his school in Amesbury, Mass. She was Sarah E., daughter of Enoch Nichols, of that place. After their marriage they settled on the place in East Kingston now the summer residence of his son Charles, which was bought from one Graves. Their children were Mary Ann (Mrs. D. E. Eastman, of Manchester), George N. (a promising youth of the same scholastic tastes as his father, who died when about sixteen), Charles E., Sarah E. (Mrs. Andrew Hoyt, of Newton, N. H.), Laura O. (Mrs. F. J. Philbrick, of East Kingston), and Allan Amos (another child of promising intellect who died young, of typhoid fever). Mr. Morrill was greatly occupied with public af- fairs. He was justice for many years, drew many deeds and other legal papers, settled many estates, and was general counselor for the community. He also was busy in surveying, of which he did a great amount during his short life of fifty years. He was a Universalist in religious belief, and a Democrat in politics. He died Sept. 26, 1846. His younger brother, Stephen, born April, 1801, worked with his father as a farmer, also learned the shoemaker's trade in his youth, conducting it quite largely for those days. He was the second man who brought work to the town from Haverhill, and had many apprentices. He married Emily A., daughter of Joshua and Han- nah (Webster) Barstow, of Exeter. Before their mar- riage he and she purchased the place in East Kings- ton where John B. Morrill now resides, and they lived their lives there. He continued shoe manufacturing until his death, giving out a great deal of work. He also carried on farming, and added considerably, by purchase, to his land. He had four children, — John B., Hannah L. (Mrs. Henry Willey, deceased), Lewis 204 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. B. (drowned in the Big Black River, Mississippi, while serving in the great Rebellion as soldier in the Sixth Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers), Emma S. (Mrs. Moody K. Wilson, of Pembroke, N. H.). Ste- phen died July 4, 1855, aged fifty-four. John Barstow Morrill, born June 20, 1828, married Sept. 2, 1857, Emeline A., daughter of Joseph W. and Mary (Bailey) Follett, of East Kingston, and has two children, Charles B. and George F., both in the employ of the Boston and Maine Railroad. John B. lived with his mother, and in the spring of 1857 was appointed station agent of the Boston and Maine Railroad at East Kingston, which position he has held ever since. He is Democratic in politics, was made a Mason in " Star in the East" Lodge, Exeter, N. H. ; has been super- intendent of the Methodist Sunday-school since 1875, and was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1876. Charles E. Morrill was born in East Kings- ton Jan. 11, 1832. He had only a good common- school education. His boyhood was passed on the farm, but at an early age his adaptation for business life was manifest. He had, on the death of his uncle Stephen, in company with John B., continued the shoe manufacturing for about two years, when he went to Manchester to work for his brother-in-law, Eastman, in depot and store. In 1859 he entered the employ of "Stimson, Valentine & Co.," manufactu- rers of railway and carriage varnishes, as foreman. About 1865, Charles and John engaged in trade at East Kingston as general merchants, under title of " C. E. Morrill & Co." They continued in trade some years, when, selling out to Titcomb Bothers, Charles returned to the employ of Valentine & Co., with which house he has been identified ever since. From foreman he passed to salesman ; from that to other and greater trusts, and is at present manager of their Western house. He is also president of the " Lawson Varnish Company ;" both of these are located in Chicago. The Western branch of the business was established by him, February, 1879. He married, March 21, 1857, Adeline S., daughter of Ephraim Carter and his wife, Susan Hoyt, of Newton, N. H. Their children are Allan A. (born May 3, 1859), who is connected with his father in his business in Chicago ; Susie A. (born Oct. 10, 1862), and Annie S. (born May 15, 1865). In 1871, Mr. Morrill made a trip to Cali- fornia, in the interests of his employers, returning thither the following year also. In 1878, 1880, 1881 he made trips abroad, visiting England, France, Ger- many, Switzerland, Ireland, Scotland, Russia, Spain, Austria, Belgium, and Holland. He is a Freemason, belonging to the " Star in the East" Lodge, of Exeter, N. H., and a Knight Templar, belonging to the Hugh de Payne Commandery, of Melrose, Mass. He is of quick, energetic temperament, carries through suc- cessfully whatever he undertakes, and has a warm social nature which endears him to a large circle of friends. His family spend their summers on the old homestead in East Kingston, which, with a strong at- tachment for the " old, old home," Mr. Morrill deems one of the finest places on earth, and has beautified, adorned, and improved it to such an extent as to cause him to be considered a " model farmer." He is yet in the prime of life, and, with many years of active business before him, is a fair type of the impetuous, rushing, successful American of the nineteenth cen- tury. CHAPTER XXX. EPPING.i Geographical— Topographical— Petition for a Parish— Petition of the InhabitantB of Epping for Men to protect them, 1Y47— Petition in ref- erence to Highway— Eating the Wild Land— Parish Taxes, 1748 — Changing the Highway— War of the Eevolution— The Lottery Bridge — Petition for the Commission of William Plummer as Justice of the Peace— Another similar Petition— Petition for the Commission of Da- vid Lawrence as Justice of the Peace— Polls of 1783— Incorporation of Town — First Town-Meeting — Officers Elected — Ear-Marks — War of the Revohition— Votes of the Town— Epping in 1804— Industrial Pur- suits— Masonic, etc— List of Kepresentatives from 1775-1882— Military Record — Soldiers of the War of the Rehellion. The town of Epping lies in the northeastern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : On the north by Nottingham and Lee ; on the east by New Market, South New Market, and Exeter ; on the south by Brentwood and Fremont ; and on the west by Ray- mond and Nottingham. The surface of the town is rolling and the soil gen- erally fertile. Epping originally formed a portion of Exeter, and the first settlements were among the ear- liest in the State. Petition for Parish. — In 1741 the population and taxable property had increased to such an extent that the settlement considered itself of sufficient im- portance for incorporation into a separate parish, and on the 15th of January, 1741, the following petition for a parish was presented to the General Court : To His Excellency Benning Wentworth Esq"' Gover- nor & Commander in Chief in & over His Majestys Province of New Hampshire in New England. The Hon"' His Majesty's Council & House of Represen- tatives in General Court Convened. The Humble Petition of Sundry Inhabitants of the North Westerly Part of the Town of Exeter in said Province Shews. That your Petitioners being Settled in the afore- said part the said Town Labour under Great Difficul- ties in attending the Public Worship of God by Reason of the Distance & badness of the Way to the Meeting House Most of em living More than seven miles from it, & some above nine, so that many Per- sons in their Families can attend the Public Worship but seldom. 1 The editor acknowledges his indehtedness to ex -Governor Benjamin F. Prescott for much valuable assistance, which has greatly lessened his labors in the preparation of the history of Epping. EPPING. 205 That being most of them new Settlers (tho' upon good land) are not able to maintain a Minister among themselves while they are Subjected to & actually pay their proportion to the maintenance of the Gos- pel & other Charges in the Town. That a considerable Parish might be set off from the said Town by the Ibllowing Metes & Bounds v'z. Beginning at the North West Corner of Exeter & from thence running South 29 Deg. W. partly by Nottingham and partly by Chester line four miles and an half & from thence to extend carrying that breadth of four miles and an half East & by South till it comes to the head line of New Market Parish being bounded North'ly partly by Nottingham & partly by Dover Line and Easterly partly by New Market & partly by Exeter the said four miles & an half being something Broader than New Market &so extending a little beyond it upon Exeter which would Comprehend your Petitioners Estates & yet leave a Large and able Parish at the Town below 'em (which would hardly miss 'em) And tho' they are but few & Poor in Comparison of the rest of'the Town yet they would Gladly bear the charge of Supporting the Gospel among themselves were they Exonerated from that & other Town Charges & duties in the other part of the Town — But as the aforesaid Bounds Compre- hends a Tract of very Good Land they have reason to think from that as well as by experience that they shall Increase in number every year & Especially when accommodated better with respect to the Public Worship. That a Parish Incorporated by the aforesaid Bound- aries with the usual Privileges & Immunities would be a Considerable means of Cultivating & Improving a large Tract of Land which is now unsubdued, in- asmuch as People will be thereby Encouraged to go out & Settle there, & the Public in General as well as the said Town in Particular Benefited thereby. Wherefore your Petitioners Pray This Hon"" Court would Please to take the Premises under Considera- tion and Grant that they may be Incorporated into a Parish with the usual Parish powers & Privileges by the Metes and bounds aforesaid & Exonerated from paying to the Support of the Minister of the Town & other Town charges & duties that so they may sup- port & Maintain the Gospel a school &c. among themselves with more conveniency for theliiselves & Families — Or in such other manner as this Hon"'" Court in their Great Wisdom & Goodness shall think proper & your Petitioners as in Duty Bound Shall Ever pray &c. Jacob Smith David Laurens James Norris Jun. Samuel Elkins Jun. Elias Smith John Elkins Daniel Elkins Jonathan Morris Jun. James Kundlet John Eowell Joseph Avery Joseph Norris Jonathan Eundlet Joel Judkins Nathan Samborn Samuel Smith Jonathan Smith Ithiel Clifford Joseph Gorden John Carty ? Timothy Morgen Jeremiah Present Richard Sanborn Simon Garlon Job Powell James Norris Jonathan Gidden John Hall Th^ophilus Wodley Jeradiah Blacke Joseph Blake Benjamin Rolings George Been Nathan Hoight Samuel Norris Samuel Elkins Elezar Elkins Jeremiah Elkins Caleb Gillman Israel Gillman Jacob Sanborn John Sear Israel Shaperd Hezakiah Swain James Chase Daniel Lad Joseph Malom Benjamin Poter Jonathan Foulsham Ebenezer Marden John Norris Jonathan Norris John Folintown Jeremiah Present Jun. Joseph Edgley Moses Rolings. In the House of Representatives Jan IS"" 1741 The within Petition Read and Voted That the Petitioners forthwith Serve the Select Men of Exeter with a Coppy of the Petition and the Votes thereon — That the Town of Exeter may appeare at the Gen"' Court or Assembly next Tuesday fortnight to Shew Cause (if any they have) why the prayer of the Petition may not be granted — And if the General Court or Ass" Shall not be then sitting. Then to appeare the Third day of the Sitting of the next Sessions of Gen' Assembly. James Jeffry Ole Ass"" In Council Jan 21 1741-2 Read & Concurrd Rich'' Waldron Sec Jan 21 1741-2. Assented to B. Wentworth In the House of Representatives Feb. the 2'' 1741 The within Petitioners were heard and the dellegates from the Town of Exeter and they agreed that the Bound shall be as followetli viz. to begin at Durham Line at the North West corner of the p'ish of New Market and from thence Bounding on the head Line of said New Market to the South west Corner of the same, and from thence to run South ab' twenty nine degrees West parallel with the head Line of the Town of Exeter Extending to half the breadth of the Town- ship of Exeter from Durham Line aforesaid and from thence to run West & by north to the Midle of the head Line of the Town of Exeter and from thence to bound upon Chester and Nottingham to the North West corner of Exeter and from thence bounding East & by South on Nottingham & Durham to the first bounds. Therefore Voted that the prayer of the Petition be granted & that they be set off by the Bounds afore- said and have all powers within themselves as any 206 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Town within this Province Keeping & supporting an Orthodox Minister to preach among them (excepting the Choice of Eepresent^'*) and untill they shall have liberty to have one among themselve they have lib- erty to Joyn with the Town of Exeter in the choice of Men to Represent the Town as Usuall and that they pay their Proportion of the charge of such Representatives and that they be not Exempted from paying any charge of the Town of Exeter that has already been assest upon them and that they have Liberty to bring in a Bill Accordingly. James Jeffrey Cler. Ass" In Council Feb. 3, 1741-2 f Read and concurred Rich'" Waldron Secy. Feb. 3, 1741-2 Assented to B Wentworth Whereas there is a Petition preferred to the Gen- eral Court by the northwesterly part of this town to be incorporated into a Parish & s"" Court have Or- dered s* Petitioners to Serve the Selectmen with a Copy of s* Petition that the town of Exeter may ap- pear at the General Court on Tuesday the Second of Feb'' next to Show Cause if any they have why the Prayer of s* Petition may not be Granted — These are therefore to Notify all the Freeholders and other In- habitants belonging to the town of Exeter to assemble themselves together at the town house in Exeter on Monday the first day of February next at one of the clock afternoon then and there to choose two or more fit persons to represent this town in General Assembly if they see fit to make answer to the above Mentioned Petition in Behalfe of the town of Exeter. Dated at Exeter' Jan? y= 23'' 1741-2 Thomas Deane-; Nath' Webster (. Selectmen Josiah Gilman j A true Copy Attest Elisha Odlin town clerk At a meeting of the Freeholders and other Inhab- itants of the town of Exeter holden at the town house in s" Exeter Feb'' P* 1741-2 1 Voted Samuel Gilman Esq' Moderator of s'" Meeting 2 Voted That two men be chosen to make answer to the Petition preferr'd to the General Court or as- sembly by the Northwesterly part of the town with power to act before s'' Court on behalf of the town as they shall think proper. 3 Voted That Samuel Gilman Esq' & Lieut The- ophilus Smith be thee two men for the End afores'' A true Copy Attest Elisha Odlin town Clerk Petition of the Inhabitants of Eppingfor men to protect them. To His Excellency Penning Wentworth Esq' Gov- ernour and Commander in Chief in and over his Majesties Province of New Hampshire and the Hon*"'' His Majesties Council and House of Rep- resentatives for said Province in General Assembly Convened Humbly Sheweth the Freeholders and Inhabitants of Epping in s^ Province that your Petitioners are Sensible of the weak and Defenceless State of the Town of Nottingham which Lies on our Border — That the Inhabitants there Seem very much Discour- aged Insomuch that Some are Removed and others are about Removing out of Town. That if that Set- tlement should Break up this Parish with Part of New Market and Durham will become Frontiers which we of ourselves Shall not we fear be able to Defend and the Enemy who will be much Incour- aged will have near access to the very Powells of the Province which may Possibly have very Fatal Con- sequences. We Do therefore by these Presents Humbly Re- quest your Excellency and Honours to take the Prem- ises with other Reasons that may occur into your wise Consideration and if it appear Proper make Provision for and send to said Town of Nottingham to be Kept there for their Safeguard and Defence— Such a num- ber of Men as may be needful for that Purpose and as that Town is very much Exposed we Humbly Pre- sume that a much Larger number will be necessary for that End than has been allowed them in years Past, and as the Common Road between Red Oak Hill so called and Nottingham is very Dangerous to Pass we Would Request that a Small Scout of Men May be sent to the named Gareson on Pantuckaway road to scout from thence to Sanborns Garrison when not wanted for that to Guard the People at s* Garri- sons May it Pleas Your Excellency and Honours it appears to us that our Safety in a Great Measure De- pends upon the Safety of Nottingham which we Hope you will Effectually Provide for and we shall Esteem it as an Instance of your Paternal Care not only of Nottingham but of your Petitioners also who as in Duty Bound shall Ever Pray &c. Edward Stevens Elias Smith Jonathan Foulsom Jeremiah Present Benjamin Rawlings William Present David Page Abraham Brown Richard Samborn John Rowell Nathan Samborn John Page Jonathan Keesey James Whidden Joseph Goodhue Joseph Emory Onisipherous Hage Joseph Cass Joseph Edgerly Ezekiel Brown John Elkins Abraham Folsom Daniel Elkins Jonathan Smith Samuel Elkins Jonathan Eundlet Robert Hinkson Eleazer Elkins John Hinkson Jeremiah Elkins John Dudley Is'rel Blak Moses Hoyt Joseph Blak James Chase Jediah Blake Jacob Freese Jeremiah Prescot EPPING. 207 John Manten Daniel Manten Ebenezer Manten Caleb Gillmau Israel Gillman John Morison John Present William Eaton Jonathan Gliden Joseph Noris Moses Noris John Noris Epping March 5'" 1747 In Council March 8"" 1747 read & ordered to be sent down to y° Hon"" House Theo" Atkinson Sec' Documentary History. — Petition in refereuee to the laying out of a highway. — To His Excellency Benning Wentworth, Esq., Captain-General and Commander- in-Chief in and over His Majesties Province of New Hampshire and the Hon" His Majesties Council and House of Representatives for Said Province. The Petition of John Dudley of Epping in Said Province Yeoman Humbly Sheweth That the Com- mittee appointed to Lay out Lands in this Parish where they thought Proper Left Land for High Ways but as they were not then well Acquainted with the Suitableness or how they would Accommodate the Settlers there being then no Settlements made Some of them are found by Experience to be very Incon- venient Particularly one which was so ordered as to Separate a Strip of Land Ten Rods wide and Half a Mile Long of the Southerly part of my Land from the Rest which the Select Men without Due Considera- tion Did afterwards Return by the Persuasion of Some others but Since the Settlements in the Northerly Part of the Parish are Increasing and no way to them it Seems to appear to all to be much more Convenient and there is much Better Ground for a way on the North Side of my Land Next to Cap' Israel Gilmans Land and this the Parish being fully made Sensible of Did at a Legal Meeting by a vote manifest their Desire that the Same might be Altered as aforesaid which as it would be for my Advantage as well as for the Publick Good has Enduced me in this Manner Humbly to Petition your Excellency and Honors that by your Authority the aforesaid way may be Stop" or Shut up, and that a highway in Lieu of it may be Laid Through my Land Next to Cap' Gil- mans as aforesaid and your Petitioner as in Duty Bound Shall Ever Pray &c. John Dudley. Epping March y'^ 26th, 1747. Rating the Wild Land.— At our yearly meting hild in Epping on mondey the Ninth Day of march in year 1747 then voted that Cap" Isreal Gillman Shuld be the man to under take in the behallf of the sd paresh to Carey in a pertition to the General Cort in order to Get the wild land rated David Lawarns par Clark. Pabish Taxes fob 1748.— Pro of New | TohisExcellency Benning Wentworth Hampshire J Esq' Commander in cheife in & over his Majesties province of the New Hampshire & his Hon- ourable Oounsell and House of Representatives now mett, whereas there was an act past in this his Majes- ties Court in the year 1747 that all the Lands in the parish of Epping should be taxed in order to Enable the Inhabitants to Build a Meeting House, purchase a parsonage, and Build a house for the minister of ye Gospel, and Likewise By Said act the Select men are obliged to Lay an account of the Disposal! of Said money Before your Hon" annually or Forfeit Said Money, wee therefore the Subscribers would Lett your Honours Know that there was no money Raised upon Said Lands in ye year 1747 By Reason of the War that Summer which was a hindrance to Runing Lines Between other towns and measuring grants, which was Necessary in order to make Said Rate, But in the year 1748 wee the Subscribers have made Said Rate and Disposed of the Same as followeth. Money Raised Two Hundrid & fifty Seven pounds four Shillins 257, 4,0 . 11, 1,0 47,11,2 4,03,0 12,03,0 Select Men. Copies out of the propriators Records . Running the Lines Betwext other towns and Said parish Makeing Rates Advertiseing Collecting ' 15, 0,0 Expence and makeing up accounts with ye Constable 14,07,0 The Remainder of the money By a Vote of the parish paid toward Building a house for our Rev""^ Minister. Dated at Epping this Eighteenith day of June Anno Domini 1749 Ezekiel Brown Nathan Samborn Benj" Baker John page Changing the Highway. — At our yearly meting hild in the Parish of Epping on mondey ye 1 Day of march in ye 1747 thare was a cleare Vote Past in sd meting that the high Way that is Laid out throwe Nicklas Dudley Land for Robert hinkson by the Select man of sd paresh and Now we think it will be most servesabel for the Pubilick to Remove the sd way between Cap" Israel Gillmans Land and sd Dud- leys Land over the Redoak hill. A true Coppey Given out by me David Lawrans Parish Clark. Trouble in the Enlistment of Men foe, the Wak of the Revolution. — State of New Hampshire | To the Honourable Coun- Rockingham ss ) sel and House of Rep- resentatives Now Setting in Exeter in the County of Rockingham in the State of New Hampshire may it Please your Honors your Humble Petitioners Humbly Shews that the Honourable Nicholas Gilman Esq' Collonel of the 4"" Rigement of milities in the County of Rockingham has Sent forth his orders to the Sev- eral Captains of the Companys in Eppin in said 208 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. County under his Command Requireing them forth with to Inlist or Draft ten Able Bodied and Effective men out of their Companys being their Proportion of Six hundred men &c and Pursuance to said orders the Said Captains exerted themselves in the Best way and manner they Posabley Could in order to Procure Said ten men but Could not engage them — by Eeason that the Said Captains has been very much obstructed by one pap' Ezekiel Worthing of Eppin aforesaid for that whereas the said Worthing h^ve entered the next State and have undertaken to Inlis a Number of men in their Service and accordingly have re- turned back to Eppin and have Inlisted twelve men all belonging to Eppin aforesaid and the said Worth- ing Says that it is now in his Power to hurt Eppin and that he means to do it if it is to the Velue of a hundred thousand dollars and will Inlist as many men as he Can in Eppin for the use and Service of another State and many other Injeries and hard Speeches the said Worthing have uttered against the town of Eppin and against the Government of this State which is to the great damage of the town of Eppin in Supporting Common Cause that we are now ingaged in and in Consideration of the ill treatment that the town of Eppin have Received from the Said Wortlfing — we the Subscribers Hum- bly pray your Honours will be Pleased to take this our Petition under your wise Consideration and ex- amine into the facts Set forth in this our Humble Petition against the Said Ezekiel Worthing — as we are in duty Bound and ever Pray — Epping June ye 23"^ A.D. 1780 William Coffin 1 Selectmen Abraham Perkins i of Eppin The Lottery Bridge. — State of New ) To the Hon" Council and House of Hampshire J Representatives for Said State in Gen- eral assembly Conven'd A.D 1780 at Portsmouth iil" October Humbly Shew We the Subscribers freeholders and Inhabitants of the town of Epping in S'^ State, that Newmarkett and Stratham Lottery Bridge So Called is now become ruinous and almost impassable and unless Speedily Repaired the great Expence of build- ing it, and great Benefit & Convenience the Public Might Still Receive therefrom, will be entirely Lost, As the Bridge was Built by Lottery for the Public ad- vantage and as no particular Towns are chargeable with the Repairs tiiereof your Petitioners humbly conceive that a Lottery for the Repair of Said Bridge would be found the most elegible way Wherefore your Petitioners humbly pray, that your Honours would as in Some cases you have, granted a Lottery for that purpose or that the Same bridge may be Sup- ported in future at the Charge of the County of Rock- ingham or in Such other Manner as your Wisdom may dictate and your Petitioners as in Duty bound will ever pray Zebulon Edgerly John folsom Nathaniel Mansfield William Gill Samuel Jewett Moses Dalton John Barker Thomas Harley Simon Derborn Phinehas Blake Thomas Rawlins Joseph Hodgdon Jonathan Rawlins Joseph Witcher Jon'" Eliot Jeremiah Sanborn Jonathan Meloon Samuel Veazey David Jewett Timothy Jones Tristram Samborn James Johnson Simon Drake Moses Coffin Josiah Tilton Brad"' Gilman Samuel Gilman Benj" Johnson Daniel Sanborn State of New ] To Timothy Chamberlin of Exeter Hampshire J yeoman Pursuant to a Vote of Coun- cil & Assembly. Thereby require you forthwith to Apprehend & bring before the General Assembly of this State Cap' Seth Fogg of Epping to the end that said Fogg may be examined concerning some illibiral reflections cast by him of said General Assembly, & if need be to require assistance in Executing said Business. Given under my hand & Seal at Exeter the 23'* of June 1780 M Weare President State of New ) June 23'' 1780 Pursuant to the within Hampshire j order of Court I have taken the Body of the named Cap' Seth Fogg and have bro't him be- fore the General Assembly Timothy Chamberlain. Petition for the Commission of William Plumer as Justice of the Peace. — To his Ex- cellency Mesech Weare Esq and the Honorable Coun- cil of the State of New Hampshire — Your Petitioners freeholders and Inhabitants of the town of Epping impresed with a sence of the importance of having A sufficient number of civil Officers in the Town & of these officers being prop- erly Qualified to discharge there duty with honor to themselves & advantage to the Community do hum- bly pray that your Excellency & Honors would Grant a Commission of Justice of the peace to William Plumer of this town Whome We humbly Conceive is Qualified for the Office — and your petitioners as in Duty bound shall Ever pray &c. Epping Jany 27th 1781. Reuben Osgood Jonathan thu .... Wm Rowell Henry Pike Benj" Clark John Rowell Thomas Norris Benj° Hoit James Norris Stephen Clark Phinehas Fogg Chase Crocket John Blake Simon tole Nathan Sandborn Ebenezer Straw Jacob Freese David Rallense Nathan Go Present Wm Straw John Prescot John Carr Jr Benjamin Brown Chase Osgood EPPING. 209 Theophilus Blake Abraham Brown Ju' Jeremy Smith Joseph Bartlet James Norris ye 3d Joshua Lane Sanders Carr Henry Sanborn Simon Fogg James Chase James Rundlet micah Prescot Jonathan prescot Jr Dudley Gordon Benjamin Dearborn Thomas Galley Robert Clark Seth Fogg Simon Dearborn Jr John Towl Jr Levi Tilton Ebenezer Blake Benjamin Rallens Caleb Fogg John Carr Sen Enoch Osgood Ebenezer Swane William Osgood Jon" Clark James Rundlet Jun Josiah Stearns Jun , Jonathan Prescott John Page Joseph Shepard Jonathan Chase James Rundlet 3d Samuel Prescott Stephen Prescot Nathaniel Brown Simon Dearborn Jonathan Gordon Wm Lowrey Jonathan Eliot • Nathaniel Smith Gordon Freese Paul Ladd Thomas Drake Jonathan fifield Josiah Chase Joseph Blake Benaiah Dow Eliphalet Norris Wm. Plumbe again Commissioned as Justice OF THE Peace. — To his Excellency Mesech Weare Esq' and the Honorable Council of the State of New Hampshire your petitioners the Freeholders and In- habitants of the Town of Epping Impressed with a sence of the Importance of having a Sufficient num- ber of Civil Ofiicers in the Town, & of these Officers being properly qualified to discharge their Duty with Honour to themselves & Advantage to the Commu- nity, Do Humbly pray that your Excellency & Honors would grant a Commission of Justice of the Peace to William Plumer of this Town, whom we humbly conceive is qualifyed for that Office. And your Petitioners as in Duty bound Shall ever pray. Epping February 1 1785 Robert Judkins Samuel Haley thomas Burley Job Parsons Ebenezer Currier Jun Lyford Dow Nathan Ladd John Page Tristram Samborn Ebenezer Currier Brackit Johnston Gordon Burley Nathaniel Parsons Josiah Clark David Folsom Jonathan Barker John Shaw Timothy Jones John Barker Jun"' Eliphelet Peas Stephen Clark Jun Daniel Dow Winthrop folsom John Barker Daniel Sanborn Simon Johnson Excellency the President and the Honorable the Council of the State of New Hampshire. The Subscribers Your Petitioners — Humbly Shew That as the appointment of Civil Officers is now taking place, they have no doubt but your Excel- lency's Honors, will accept the information of Neigh- bors in a matter of such importance. That they wish to see Magistrates appointed who will faithfully serve the public, & be respected by the people. They do not mean to dictate but they beg leave to mention to your Excellency and Honors David Lawrance Jun' of Epping as a person suitable to sustain the Office of a Justice of the peace, that his character and conduct tend to make him respected among them. Your Petitioners therefore pray your Excellency & Honors that the said David may be appointed to that Office, if he shall by you be thought worthy. And as in duty bound will ever pray, &c. Jonathan Eliot Stephen Clifford Henry Sanborn Joel Judkins J Rundlet Semeon Towle Boad T. Cilley Thomas Robinson Richard Elkins Daniel Sanborn Daniel tilton W" Hook Winthrop Dow Theop"" Stevens Joshua Lane Joseph Taylor Samuel Parsons Jonathan Cilley Noah Robinson benj Norris Benj"" Hoit Josna Brown jr John Chase Jr John Pease John Carr James Norris ye 3d Gordon Freese James Norris J' Jonathan Robinson Joseph Jennes William Barton Jonathan Prescott Samuel Morrill jr Samuel brown Samuel Wilkinson Eliphalet Calley Benjamin Dearborn Thomas Jacob Blasdel Samuel Jewett Reuben French John Prescott Simon Dearborn John Pike Enoch Coffin Benjamin Clifford Andrew Hanson Joseph French Josiah Tilton Jeremiah Sanborn Nathaniel Brown Solomon French John page Robert Clark Joel Parsons Benjamin Johnson Jr Nehemiah Wheeler William Morrill Nathaniel mafield thomas Towl Simon Dearborn Junr Jeremy Smith Phineas Fogg Stephen Clerk Moses Davis Petition foe the Commission of David Law- rence, Je., as Justice op the Peace.— To his 14 Polls of 1783.— State of New Hampshire Rockingham ss. Pursuant to an Order of the General Court requir- ing the number of the Male Polls of twenty-one years of age & upwards paying for themselves a Poll Tax ; the Selectmen of Epping according to there best judg- 210 HISTOKY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ment find that there is in said town of Epping two hundred & sixty Polls of the above description — Epping Dec 1" 1783 Seth Fogg ) David Lawrence f Selectmen of WraPlumer ) ^VP^^S- Incorporation. — The town of Epping was incor- porated Feb. 12, 1741. The first town-meeting was held in 1741, at the house of James Norris, when the following oflicers were chosen : Moderator, Jacob Smith ; Clerk, Sam- uel Smith ; Constable, Samuel Norris ; Selectmen, Jacob Smith, Samuel Elkins, and Nathan Sanborn ; Gangers, James Norris and Jonathan Rundlet; Tith- ingman, Ebenezer Mardin ; Surveyors of Highways, Richard Sanborn and David Lawrence; Haywards, Jacqb Sanborn and Joel Judkin. There were also various committees appointed be- side the above. First Rate List. — The following is the first parish rate list : £ s. d. Ebenezer MardeD 4 6 2 Thomas Rawliugs 1 14 6 John Elkiua 2 8 1 Koliert Barker 5 9 Duvicl Hains 3 10 Oliiey Harvey 9 7 Ebenezer Bean 5 6 Jonathan RobinBon 3 10 John Rowel 3 9 5 SamUHl Brown 3 10 Joseph Annas 2 11 9 Nicholas Dudley 3 10 Jonathan Norrie 3 9 Job Rowel 2 15 7 Joseph CiUey 9 7 Noah Barker 5 9 Samuel Elskin 2 7 Duniel Elskin 1 18 4 Jeremiah Been 2 Jonathan Gilman 1 10 Joel Gilman 13 6 Abraham. Fonlsham 13 3 Benjamin Fouleham 116 John Fonlsham 16 Peter Gill man's mill 7 6 EzekielGillman'B mill 3 3 Caleb GiUn an'8 mill 7 6 Moses Swai-t's mill 15 Ear-Marks. — The following are specimens of the ear-marks used in the early days to distinguish sheep and cattle : John Page's mark was a crop " off the right ear and half-crop off the under side of the left ear." Ebenezer Mornson's mark was a crop off the left ear and a " hapney on the upper side of the right ear," while Jonathan Elliot's mark was a half-crop in the under side of the right ear and a slit in the end of the left. Selectmen in 1776. — The following were select- men in 1776 : Abraham Perkins, Seth Fogg, and Enoch CoflBn. In 1774 one hundred and forty-four people were taxed for the support of the gospel. Revolutionary War.^At the breaking out of hos- tilities in 1775 Epping was the sixth or seventh town in population in New Hampshire. A large number of her citizens entered the service, but it is impossible to give a correct list, owing to the imperfectness of the records. Such names, however, as have appeared in the searches for information in reference to this town are here given. In an account of the census of the town taken in October, 1775, the enumerators then report " sixty-one in the war." It can safely be said that the whole number during the war was much larger. The men from this town were in all the con- spicuous battles of the Revolution, and performed gallant service in securing the independence of the country : Edmund Chapman, John Shaw, Samuel Veazey, Simon Dearborn, Joseph Palmer, John Mor- den Johnson, Robert Clark, Josiah Towle, Dudley Gilman, Joseph Chapman, William Kelley, James Waymouth, Joseph Bean, Nathaniel Pearsons, John Clark, Joseph French, Simeon Haines, Ebenezer Cur- rier, Gordon Freeze, David Page, Levi Morrill, Abner Clough, Jabez French, James Sanborn, John Wadley, Abraham Brown, Francis Chambers, Jonathan Kil- ley, William Brown, Nathaniel French, David Ful- lonton, William Page, Samuel Prescott, Simon Wins- low, John Stearns, William Mellen, John Tucker, Jonathan Perkins, James Norris, Jonathan Sanborn, William Haines, Jeremiah Robinson, Ebenezer Hoeg, Benjamin Perkins. At the town-meeting held in November, 1774, it was voted ".that the parish of Epping would Give and Bestow to the poor people in Boston thirty pounds lawful money," and Nehemiah Wheeler was appointed a committee to carry said donation to Boston and take receipts for the same. Jan. 2, 1775, David Lawrence, Abraham Perkins, Enoch CoflBn, Capt. James Norris, and Lieut. Seth Fogg were appointed deputies to attend a congress held at Exeter, to join the other deputies in this prov- ince that shall then be convened to choose delegates to the Continental Congress to be held in Philadel- phia. At the same meeting it was also voted that the depu- ties " Be a Committee to Receive a Quantity of pow- der from the Committee at Exeter, and Give their Re- ceipt for it in Behalf of the Parish." Capt. Stephen Clarke, Capt. Joseph Prescott, Capt. Joseph Chandler, Ensign Daniel Gourding, Cornet Theophilus Stevens, Dr. Ebenezer Pike, Simon Dear- born, Lieut. Daniel Barber, Ensign Chase Osgood, and Qr.-mr. Nathan G. Prescott, with the five depu- ties mentioned above, were appointed a committee of inspection and correspondence.' At a meeting held March 11, 1776, it was voted that "Those men that went on Thursday or Friday to the Lexington Fight should have Three Shillings per Day for Four Days." Also voted " that those men that went to work upon the Foarts upon Pisscatique River should be paid two shillings per day.'' June 9, 1777, the following committee was chosen to " make up the Proportion of Men Sent for To Ep- ping To Joine the Continental Army, viz. : Maj. Stephen Clark, Capt. Daniel Gordon, Capt. Seth Fogg." EPPINQ. 211 In the following year another committee for the same purpose was formed, consisting of Capt. Daniel Gordon, Lieut. Chase Osgood, and Cornet Abraham Perkins. In 1779 a committee was chosen to *' Receive & Ad- just the amo"as services that each inhabitanteof said Epping hath Done in Caring on the present warr with Great Britain." This committee consisted of Josiah Norris, Seth Fogg, Enoch Coffin, Lieut. Simon Dear- born, and Daniel Folsom. SIGNERS OF THE ASSOCIATION TEST IN EPPING. John Prescott. Abraham Perkins. Abraham Folaom. Benjamiu Brown. Jonathan Cilley. Jonathan Meloon. Seth Fogg. Benjamin Dearborn. Jonathan Philbrick. Samuel Plumer. hie Ezekiel X Clough. mark. David Lawrence. Mark Howe. Benjamin Smith, jr. Benjamin Page. Jon* Clark, jun. Abram Perkiue, jun. Josiah Edererly. Jonathan Buadlett. Samuel Hunt. Joseph Gale. James Norris. Benjamin Brown, jr. Josiah Folsom. Eliphalet Cally. Ezekiel Brown. Brad. Gilman. Daniel Gordon. Wi" Coffin. Abraham Brown, Jr. Samuel Smith. Simeon None. Nehemiah Wheeler. Joseph Prescott. Benjamin Clifford. David Lowel. Jonathan Winelow. Jacob Forss ? Joseph Blaka. Philip Harvy. Jonathan Clark. John Rowell. Thomas Cauley. John Cauley. Simon Drake. Edward Laurans. Abraham Brown. Joseph Chandler. Samuel Shaw. Richard Shaw. Ebenezer Connor? Ezra Straw. John Straw. Samuel Dearborn, John Shurburn. Bichiird Shurburn. Jonathan Preacott. Jonathan Calley. William Crocket. Moses Davis. Sami Clark. Benji Dockum. Jonathnn Eliot. Joaiali Smith. David HaneB. Daniel Barber? Moses Dalton. David Folsom. Levi French, Josiah Tilton. Benj* Dow. Daniel Dow. John Chapman, Edmund Chapman. Benji Smith. Edward Sanbon. Daniel Sanborn. Benj. Johnson. Benjamin Johnson. Timothy Jones. Isaac Dimond. Jeremiah Sanborn. Jacob Blasdel. Chandler Sanborn. Josiah Chase. Joseph Chandler. Theophilus Blake. Benjamin Dearborn. Chase Osgood. Jacob Fret'se, Jun. Nathaniel Sanborn. Ebenezer Dow. Jonathan Fifield. Hezekiah Clifford. Jamea Osgood. Joseph Taylor. Daniel Randlet. Richard Clifford. Nichols Robinson. David Norris. Thomas Calley, Jr. Joseph Prescott. Samuel Morrill. James Rundlet. Jonathan Chase. James ? Sargent Huse. Sam Morrill. Ebenezer Fisk. Jacob Freese. Paul Lad. John Page. Ebenezer Blake. Benj. Rowlings. Jonathan Thomas. Thoman Robinson. Joseph Edgerly. Zebulon Edgerly. William Gill- Nathan Gove Present Darbon Blake. Philip Kelley. Samuel Parsons. Ezekiel Hook. John Lunt. Frances Jones. , Joshua Brown. James Rundlet. W"" Dawlin. Jeremiah Prescott. Simon Dearborn. Job Paraona. James Sanborn. Joaeph French. Abraham Tilton. Enoch Coffin. Phineas Fogg. Rubben Osgood. John Gilman. Jacob Bundlet. Robart Judkins. Chaa. Crockett. Joseph Mason. John Towle,jr. Josiah Randlet. Josiah Norris. John Chapman, jr. Oliver Morrill. Gould French. James Chase, Jun. James Johnson. Ebenezer Straw. Josiah Towl, John Marden. William Straw. Ezra French. Seth Tash ? Jethro B. Tilton. Barzilla French. Moses Coffin. John Pike. John Bartlett. Samuel Connor. John Towl. Simeon Robinson. Thomas Burley. Micah Pre-cut. Agreeable to the Within association paper we have Shewn it to the In - habitants and those persons whose names are underwritten are persona that Refuse to aighn the same — 209. Seth Fogg. -i Selectmen Enoch Coffin. v of John Barker. Abraham Peekins. f Epping. Jonathan Barker. Thomas Drake. Robert Blake. Joseph Shepard. Robert Smith. Nathaniel Ladd. Josiah Roberson. James Randlet, jun, Thomas Norris. Benjit Morgan. 11. The " American Gazetteer," published in Boston in 1804, contains the following concerning Epping: ^^ Epping, a post town in Rockingham Co., N. Hampshire, taken from the N. W. part of Exeter, and incorporated in 1741, It contains 1121 inhabit- ants, 6 miles N. W. from Exeter, and 23 W, of Portsmouth." It had the distinction of being a '* post town." This was a common phrase in these old gazetteers, and indicated that the privilege of a post- office was enjoyed by the citizens, which was not the case with those of every town. In the life of the late Governor and United States Jonathan Ferren. John Ferren. Benj. Clarke. Samuel Veasey. Robart Cross. Simon Johnson. Jonathan Robinson, Jr. Robart Wille. Benjamin Dockum, Jr. Joseph Dudley. Beniah Dow. Jacob Swain. Winthrop Dow. Theophilus Stevens. Theophilus Stevens, Jr. John Peaee. Jonathan Robinson. Stephen Clifford. James J. Wadleigh. John Perkins, Jr. John Lyford. Henry Wiggin. Thomas Wiggin. Thomas Wiggin, Jr. his Jonathan X Kinston. mark. Stephen Clark. David Perkins. Jacob Clark. Moses Page. James Chase. David Lawrence, Jr. Samuel French. Paul Ladd, Jun — Nathan Swain. Pain Blake. Jedediah Blake. John Carr, John Carr, Jr. Benja Smart. Nathan Sanborn. Nathan Sanborn, Jr. James Norris ye 4tti. 212 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Senator William Plumer, of this town, by his son, the late Hon. William Plumer, Jr., we find the fol- lowing paragraph in a letter to Judge Jeremiah Smith, giving an account of his (Mr. Pluraer's). election as Speaker of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, June 11, 1797 : " The mail going from this place [Concord] but once a week is a suffi- cient excuse for my not writing you sooner." In a foot-note by the author we find the following state- ment: "My father's letters were usually ten or twelve days in reaching him from Philadelphia. There was then no Post Office in Epping, and he sent nine miles to Exeter for his letters and papers, which at a later period were brought to him by a post rider once a week.'' Epping now has four post-offices within its limits. Besides the one at the Centre, there is one at each of the localities designated by their names respectively as East, West, and North Epping. The " Gazetteer" above referred to gives Epping, from the census of 1800, 1121 inhabitants. But if we examine the census reports farther back we shall find there had been a considerable loss. In 1767, thirty years before the date of Governor Plumer's letter above referred to, the town had 1410 people in it, and six years later, 1773, there were 1648, making it the fourth town in population in Rockingham County, — Exeter then 1741, Londonderry, 2399, and Ports- mouth, 4466. There was a loss from this time till the census of 1800, after which there was a gain during each decade till 1850, when we had a population of 1663, which was the largest we have ever had. In 1870 we receded again to 1270, a loss in two decades of 398. This embraces the war period, and was a time of general decrease in farming towns, and rapid growth in manufacturing centres. Present population (census of 1880) is 1536, and shows a gain during the last ten years, which is owing to the introduction of the shoe manufacturing business, and increased rail- road facilities by the construction of the Nashua and Rochester line. And yet the town has less popula- tion than at a period some time previous to the date of Governor Plumer's letter, when there was no post- office nearer than Exeter, with a mail once a week. Shoe Manufacturers. — Among the early manu- facturers of shoes in this town were Benjamin M. Smith and Dudley Norris. Their operations were small as compared with subsequent establishments. These manufacturers carried on the business but a short time. Benjamin M. Smith had associated with him his sons Rufus H. and Aaron, who during their lives were operators in shoes, but not always in this town. In 1870, Col. B. W. Hoyt, a native of Epping, began to manufacture shoes in limited numbers, but finally enlarged his business till he manufactured more than seven thousand cases annually at the time his establishment was burned in the summer of 1880. In the fall of 1882 a new company with a large cap- ital stock was organized through the influence of Col. Hoyt, a new building was erected, and large opera- tions will be carried on in the manufacture of shoes. Bartlett Brothers & Co. in 1881 erected a large and commodious building, and have been manufacturing shoes since that time. Rufus H. Smith & Co., also James C. Corning & Son, have also manufactured many shoes, while giving employment to marty hun- dreds of men, women, and children, and adding largely to the business interests and prosperity of the town. Brick Business, — The manufacture of brick is now an important enterprise, and has been since 1872. There are now the following who are engaged in the business : Levi Thompson, who owns and operates the old yard, almost within the village limits, where brick have been made for more than sixty years, but in small quantities to supply local demand. Mr. Thompson now manufactures nearly one million a year. George S. Rundlett has an extensive yard near by in the same clay-bank, and manufactures nearly two and one-half millions annually, and William R. Bunker and Robert Brown, also near the village, in three separate yards, manufacture nearly two millions annually. The brick are of superior quality. It is estimated that twenty-five hundred cords of wood are consumed here annually in burning the kilns, and employment is given to many men. Industrial Pursuits. — The chief occupation of the inhabitants is agriculture, and the growing of apples forms an important industry. Manufacturing is also carried on somewhat exten- sively, that of shoes being the largest interest. The hosiery-mill of F. H. Carpenter, at West Ep- ping, is also a leading interest in the town. This was originally a woolen-mill. The box-factory owned by Cyrus F. Dow, at West Epping, is also a large concern. Other manufactures are a-s follows : woolen-mill, Charles H. Norris ; knitting-mill, E. H. Pearson ; box-factory, planing- and saw-mills, Charles A. and Henry W. Miles ; grist-mill, Charles H. Miles. Sullivan Lodge, No. 19, F. and A. M.— Colum- bian Lodge, No. 2, of which this lodge is the suc- cessor, was instituted in Lee, probably not far from 1800. It went down, and in 1807 Sullivan Lodge was instituted at Deerfield, with Joseph Mills, Michael McClary, Seth Fogg, John Butler, James H. McClary, Daniel Cilley, Benjamin Moody, William Gordon, Benjamin Butler, John T. Coffin, Samuel Locke, and Simon A. Heath as members. The lodge was subse- quently removed to Lee, and in 1869 to Epping. It is now in a prosperous condition, with a membership of seventy-nine. The following is a list of the Past Masters ; Samuel Scales, Israel Bartlett, Henry F. Hopkins, Jonathan Bartlett, George W. Tilton, Hosea B. Burnham, James H. Bartlett, Charles W. Sanborn, and Benjamin W. Hoyt. The present officers of the lodge are William H. BPPING. 213 Gliden, M. ; Fred P. Knox, S. W. ; Nathaniel G. Plumer, J. W. ; W. N. Dow, Treas. ; George G. Prescott, Sec. ; A. L. True, S. D. ; Daniel W. Gate, J. D. ; Albert G. Barber, Chaplain ; Charles H. Ed- gerly, Tyler. The Knights of Honor also have a lodge in this town. Representatives to the State Legislature.— The list given below contains the names of the represen- tatives to the General Court of the State since the Revolutionary war, and the years in which they served. It is as accurate as could be gathered from records found in different places : 1775. Josiah Stearus. 1776. Nehemiah Wheeler. 1777. Josiah N orris. 1778. Daniel Gordon. 1779-81. Euoch Coffin. 1782-83. Levi Towle. 1784. Seth Fogsr. 1785. William Plumer. 1786-87. Jonathan Elliott. 1788. Jonathan Clerk. 1789. None on roll. 1790-92. William Plumer. 1793-97. Jonathan Clerk. 1798-99. William Plumer. 1800-1. William Plumer. 1802-3. Levi Towle. 1804. None elected. 1806-9. Daniel Coffin. 1810. Joseph Shepard. 1811-13. Nathan Bachelder. 1813. William Stearns. 1814. Josiah Hille. 1815. Joseph Shepard. 1816. William Stearns. 1817. None elected. 1818. William Stearns. 1819. William Plumer, Jr. 1820-24. Joseph Edgerley. 1824. William Stearns. 1825. John Dow. 1826 -28. Samuel Lawrence. 1828-30. Lawrence Brown. 1830-32. John Dow. 18.S2-34. Samuel E.Gordon. 1834-36. None elected. 1836-38. James M. Pike. 1838-40. Thomas Willey. 1840-42. Dudley Freeze. 1842-44. Daniel W. Ladd. 1844-46. Nathaniel Bachelder. 1846-48. Nathaniel Morrill, Jr. 1849-61. John P. Chase. 1862-63. George W. Plumer. 1864. Charles L. Godfrey. 1865. James McMurphy. 1856-67. Matthew J. Harvey. 1858-59. John L. Folsom. 1860. George S. Euudlett. 1861. George N. Shepard. 1862. George S. Eundlett. 1863. George N. Shepard. 1864-65. B-^njamin S. Clifford. 1866-67. William K. Bunker. 1868-89. Thomas C. Folsom. 1870. James L. Rundlett. 1871-72. James H. Bartlett. 1873-74. Jonathan Bartlett. 1876-76. John Leddy. 1877-78. John 0. Edgerley. 1878-79. Herbert F. Norris. 1 879-80. Eobert Thompson. 1881. Benjamin W. Hoyt. MILITAEY EEOORD, 1861-66. George W. Kendall, Co. H, 1st Begt. ; enl. May 3, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 9, 1861. George Clough, Co. H, 1st Begt.; enl. May 3, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 9, 1861 . John F. Jludgitt, Co. H, 1st Begt.; enl. May 3, 1861; disch. Aug. 9, 1861. Marcus M. Tuttle, Co, C, 2d Begt.; enl. June 1, 1861; disch. Aug. 24, 1861. Van Buren G. Blye, Co. K, 2d Eegt.; enl. June 8, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; pro. to Corp. July 1, 1864; pro. to sergt. Deo. 1, 1864; disch. Dec. 19, 1866. William B. Perkins, Co. B, 3d Eegt.; enl. Jan. 1,1864; pro. to Corp.; pro. to sergt. July 4, 1865; disch, July 20, 1865, Daniel H, Wiggin, Co. B, 3d Eegt. ; enl. Feh. 24, 1864 ; absent, sick, July 20,1865; no discharge, Eichard Thomas, Co. K, 3d Eegt. ; enl. Jan. 1, 1864 ; absent, sick, since May 7, 1864; no discharge. George A. Tarbox, Co, K, 3d Eegt,; enl, Feb, 11, 1864. Woodbury C. Blye, Co. K, 3d Begt.; enl. Feb. 11,1864; pro. to sergt, Aug. 26, 1864; absent on furlough July 20, 1865 ; no discharge. John Grady, 4th Begt. ; enl. Deo. 27, 1864 ; disch. Aug. 23, 1865. Andy Nolan, Co. E, 5th Eegt, ; enl. Sept. 10, 1864, George Smith, Co. H, 6th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 12,1864; disch. June 28, 1866. John Doherty, Co. B, 5th Begt. ; enl. Sept. 1, 1864. Stephen L. Hicks, Co, C, 5th Begt, ; enl, Aug, 11, 1863 ; pro. to Corp. Jan. 10, 1865 ; disch. June 14, 1866. William Sullivan, Co, E, 6tb Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 8, 1864. Dudley W. Miles, Co. H, 6th Begt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; disch, April 21, 1864. Thomas H. Lutheran, Co. I, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863; trans, to V. S, Navy Sept. 19, 1864. James Hoffman, Co. I, 6th Begt, ; enl, Dec, 30, 1863; absent, sick, since July 17, 1865 ; no discharge. John Howard, musician, Co, A, 6th Begt, ; enl. Jan. 5, 1864; disoh. July 17, 1866. George Pierce, Co, C, 6th Begt,; enl. Jan. 6, 1864. George Clark, Co, D, 6th Begt, ; enl. Jan. 6, 1864, Isaac Graham, 6th Eegt, ; enl. Jan, 6, 1864. Moses Anderson, Co. I, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 31, 1863. William H. Muzzy, Co, I, 6th Eegt,; enl. Dec. 31, 1864; absent, sick, July 17, 1865 ; no discharge. James O'Neil, 6th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Philip Decowen, Co. E, 7th Begt.; enl. Sept. 22, 1864, Dennis Johnson, Co. D, 7th Eegt,; enl. Sept. 8,1864; disoh. June 16, 1866. Darius Johnson, Co. D, 7th Begt. ; enl. Sept. 12, 1864; disch. June 26, 1865. Donald Campbell, Co. E, 7th Eegt, ; enl, Sept. 22, 1864 ; disoh, July 20, 1865, George H. Fogg, Co, K, ,7th Begt.; enl. Aug. 11, 1863; died April 3i 1864. Almon M, Davis, Co, B, 8th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 20,1861; disoh, July 5, 1862. Darius D. Johnson, wagoner, Co. D, 8th Eegt,; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; disch. April 22, 1864. Newell 0. Carr, corp,, Co, D, 8th Eegt,; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. April 22, 1862 ; pro. to 2d lieut, Dec, 16, 1863 ; pro. to 1st lieut. April 1, 1864; not mustered; disch. as 2d lieut. May 22, 1864, Lyman F. Cate, Co, D, 8th Eegt, ; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; disoh. Jan. 18, 1866. Oliver B, Hobbs, Co. D, 8th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; disch, July 5, 1862. Harland P. Higley, Co, D, 8th Eegt, ; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; died Nov. 29, 1862. George W. Kendall, Co. D, 8th Eegt.; enl, Deo, 20, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864, Co, A, V. Bat; disch. Oct 28, 1865. Charles A. Roberts, Co, D, 8th Eegt, ; enl, Dec, 20, 1861 ; died Nov. 2, 1862. Charles E. Bogers, Co, D, 8th Eegt; enl, Dec. 20, 1861; 1862, David Stickney, Co. D, 8th Begt. ; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; 1865. Augustus H. Smith, Co. D, 8th Eegt, ; enl. Dec. 26, 1861 ; died Sept. 16, 1862. George B, Willey, Co, D, 8th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1861; died Nov. 6, 1862. David G. Kelley, sergt, Co. B, 8th Eegt, Vet. Bat,; enl. Jan. 4, 1864; disch. Oct, 8, 1865. Charles J, Simonds, 2d lieut,, Co. K, 9th Begt.; enl. Nov. 1, 1864; pro. 1st lieut., Co, A, Feb, 1, 1866 ; disch, June 10, 1865. Benjamin H. Perkins, Co. A, 9th Regt. ; enl. July 3, 1862; pro, to Corp.; absent, sick, at Manchester, N. H., June 10, 1866 ; no discharge fur- nished. John F. Tuttle, Co. A, 9th Eegt.; enl. July 3, 1862; wounded June 18, 1864; disch. with loss of all pay May 16, 1865. James Sinclair, Co. A, 9th Eegt, ; enl. July 3, 1862 ; died Oct. 27, 1863. Horace C, Bacon, capt,, Co. A, llth Regt,; enl. Sept. 4,1862; disch June 11, 1864. George N. Shepard, Ist lieut,, Co, A, llth Eegt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1862; pro. capt. May 6, 1864, Co. I; disch. June 4, 1865. Gilman B. Johnson, 2d lieut,, Co. A, llth Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1862 ; pro. qr.-mr. April 22, 1864; disch. June 4, 1864. Charles E. Bartlett, sergt., Co. A, llth Eegt,; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. 2d lieut. July 26, 1864 ; pro. 1st lieut. Feb. 17, 1865 ; disch. June 4, 1865. James S. Plumer, sergt,, Co, A, llth Eegt,; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died of wounds Dec. 16, 1862. Charles E, Durant, sergt,, Co. A, llth Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died Nov. 17, 1862, Willard Wilson, corp,, Co, A, llth Eegt; enl. Aug, 28, 1862; pro. to sergt,; disch. May 20, 1865. Thomas F, Caswell, corp,, Co, A, llth Begt, ; enl, Aug. 28, 1862 ; pro. to sergt; died Oct. 30, 1864. died June 26, disch. Jan. 18, 214 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. John 0. Harvey, Corp., Co. A, lllh Begt, ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans, to Inv. Corps, Jan. 16, 1864.' Andrew J. Coffin, musician, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. principal musician Dec. 26, 1863 ; diach. June 4, 1865. Henry S. Durgin, musician, Co. A, 11th Kegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died Aug. 16, 1863. Bzekiel B. Brown, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Dec. 18, 1862. Franli A. Bartlett, Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; diach. June 4, 1866. David A. Burnham, Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died June 9, 1863. William F. Caswell, Co. A, Hth Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans. Y. R. C. March 15, 1864 ; diach. Aug. 11, 1865. George B. Caawell, Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. sergt.; diach. June 4, 1865. John F. Gear, Co. A, 11th Begt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; disch. March 6, 1863. Nelaon Gillingham, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. George A. Ham, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. John H. Ham, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; missing in action at Wilderness, May 6, 1864. George W. Hopkinson, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans. Inv. Corps, Sept. 30, 1863. Albert Knight, Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; disch. June 3, 1865. John H. Kennard, Co. A, Iltli Regt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died Nov. 22, 1862. Jay P. Little, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. James H. Locke, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; tiuns. to Y. E. C. Sept. 1,1863; diach. Aug. 27, 1866. David N. Merden, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. George A. Miles, Co. A, Uth Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans, to Y. R. C. March 31, 1864; disch. Aug. 28, 1865. John S. Osgood, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. ; disch. June 4, 1865. Enoch Parks, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. Charles E. Parks, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. Charles F. Purrington, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. Feb. 4. 1865. Joshua W. Purrington, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans, to Y. E. C. Sept. 30, 1863 ; diach. Aug. 28, 1865. John D. Purrington, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Dec. 14, 1862. Charles A. Shepard, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; diach. June 4. 1866. Samuel T. Shepard, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans, to Y. E. C. March 31, 1864; disch. Aug. 28, 1865. James M. Sleeper, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Deo. 14, 1862. Chandler Spinney, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1866. Charles F. Stickney, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; pro to corp. ; killed July 12, 1863. William 0. Tarbox, Co. A, lllh Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862. Joseph P. TitcomU, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Ma/ch 21, 1864. Samuel D. Thurston, Co. A, 11th Regt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Feb. 28, 1863. Henry J. Thurston, Co. A, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Oct. 12, 1863. Jamca Thurston, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; trans, to Y. E. C. Sept. 30, 1863 ; disch. Aug. 28, 1865. William H. Towle, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. Feb. 16, 1863. George W Tuttle, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Jan. 12, 1804. Thos. F. Webb, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; died Dec. 11, 1864. John Willey, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; diach. May 17, 1865. Samuel J. Willey, Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. to Corp.; disch. June 4, 1866. John McDonald, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 19, 1863 ; trans, to 6th Regt. June 1, 1865. Joseph Witham, Co. A, 11th Eegt. ; enl. March 17, 1865 ; trana. to 6th Kegt. June 1, 1866. George H. Ohealey, Co. B, 11th Eegt.; enl. Deo. 7,1863; died July 2, 1864. Dennis Ooleman, 11th Eegt.; enl. July 28, 1864. William Johnson, Uth Eegt.; enl. Dec. 19, 1863. William Lowring, 11th Eegt. ; enl. July 26, 1864. Walter S, Kelley, aergt. Co. E, 15th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Horace C. Paige, Corp. Co. E, I6th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 9, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Joseph Hennel, Co. E, 15th Regt. ; enl. Oct, 10, 1862. James Richards, Co. E, 15th Regt. ; enl. Oct. 10, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Alphonzo Caswell, Co. C, 18th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 14,1864; disch. June 10, 1865. Ralph Carr, Co. D, 1st Cav. ; enl. April 22, 1864 ; died May 15, 1866. John Carr, 1st Cav. ; enl. April 22, 1864. Peter Foster, 1st Cav. ; enl. Feb. 1, 1864. Stephen Durgin, Co. F, 2d Eegt. U. S. S. S. ; enl. Nov. 26, 1861. John W. B. Robinson, Co. F, 2d Eegt. V. S. S. S. ; enl. Nov. 26, 1861. Orrin West, Co. F, 2d Eegt. U. S. S. S.; enl. Nov. 26, 1861 ; re-enl. March 22,1864; trans, to 6th Regt. Jan. 30,1866; absent, sick, June 28, 1866 ; no discharge furnished. Lewis T. Clark, Co. F, TJ. S. S. S. ; enl. Jan. 5, 1864 ; trana. to 5th Eegt. Jan. 30, 1866 ; disch. May 12, 1866. Charles Fox, Co. F, U. S. S. S. ; enl. Jan. 6, 1864 ; trans, to 5th Eegt. Jan. 30, 1866; disch. June 9, 1866. Matthew Bums, Y. E. C ; enl. April 24, 1864; no further record given. Jeremiah Mack, Co. K, 5th Eegt.; enl. Oct. 12,1861; disch. March 7, 1863. James Peacock, Co. H, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 6, 1863 ; trana. to Y. E. C. April 17, 1866 ; disch. June 7, 1866. Jacob Aul, enl. Sept. 2, 1863 ; credited to town ; no further record given. Henry Catgrover, enl. Sept. 23, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further record given. Alexander Seaver, enl. Sept. 13, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further record given. Frank S. Tebbetts, enl. Sept. 2, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further record given. James Wardell, enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; credited to town ; no further record given. Barnard Marble, enl. Sept. 2, 1863; credited to town; no further record given. Theodore Gressner, enl. Sept. 1, 1863 ; credited to town ; no further rec- ord given. True W. McCoy, enl. Sept. 3, 1863; credited to town ; no further record given. Timothy 6. Davis, enl. Aug. 19, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further rec- ord given. Isaiah W. Purintou, enl. Sept. 2, 1864; credited to town; no further record given. Elijah L. Purintou, enl. Oct. 4, 1864; credited to town ; no further rec- ord given. John Yalley, enl. Sept. 6, 1863 ; credited "to town ; no further record given. James Seaver, enl. Oct. 26, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further record given. Thomas Moran, enl. Sept. 9, 1864; credited to town ; no further record given. Michael McGuire, enl. Sept. 9, 1864; credited to town ; no further record given. Elbridge G. Bean, marine; enl. Sept. 3, 1864; credited to town; no further record given. John F. Gear, marine ; enl. Sept. 3, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further record given. James A. Johnson, marine ; enl. Sept. 9, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further record given. John Connors, marine; enl. Sept. 9, 1864; credited to town; no further record given. George Coy, U. S. C. T.; enl. Aug. 11, 1864; credited to town ; no further record given. John Thomas, U. S. C. T. ; enl. Oct. 17, 1864 ; credited to town ; no further record given. EPPING. 215 CHAPTEE XXXI. EPPING.— {'Continued.) ECCLESIASTICAL. The CoDgregational Church — The Methodist Epiacopal Church — The Hedding Camp-Meeting AsBociation. Congregational Clmrcli.' — When Epping, origi- nally a part of Exeter, was incorporated, Feb. 12, 1741, the parish and the town were virtually the ' same, and all legal business respecting the institu- tions c)f religion was transacted in regular town-meet- ings. According to the town records, vol. i., among the votes passed at the first town-meeting was one whereby Jonathan Norris and others " were chosen to be a committee to agree with a minister or ministers for the ensuing year." Votes are also on record " respecting the erection of a meeting-house.'' On the 3d of September, 1744, it was voted that " Ensign Jonathan Kundlett" and others " be a committee to agree with a minister to preach with us.'' Said Eundlett was great-grandfather of our present church treasurer, Alfred T. Rundlett. Others are with us to-day whose ancestors were foremost in es- tablishing and maintaining the institutions of the gospel in the early history of the town. The town voted, March 11, 1745, that David Law- rence and others " should be a committee to agree with a minister." Mr. Lawrence was grandfather of Hon. David L. Morrill, a native of this town, who was once pastor of the Congregational Church in Goffstown, afterwards U. S. senator, and in the years 1824-26 Governor of the State of New Hampshire. Similar votes were passed in succeeding years, show- ing that the early inhabitants of this town viewed the preaching of the word as indispensable. The following " Copy of an Epping paper," sent the writer by the " Depy Secy State, as requested by ex- Gov. B. F. Prescott," is equally expressive of the same interesting point : " To His Excellency Penning Wentworth Esq' Cap- tain General and Commander in Chief in and over His Majesties Province of New Hampshire and the Hon"'* His Majesties Council and House of Eepre- sentatives for s" Province the Humble Petition of the Free Holders and inhabitants of the parish of Epping in said Province Humbly Sheweth That your Petitioners Having with Great Labour and Expense Surmounted many DiflBculties that Have Attended our first Settlement in this Place, are yet very Likely to be much Burdened by Charges Neces- sarily Coming on the Parish in order to the Settle- ment and Support of a Minister of the Gospel Buy- ing Land for a Parsonage Building a Parsonage House and a House for the Publick Worship of God all which we apprehend very Necessary to be Done 1 By Kev. J. H. Stearns. but our own Inability together with some other Dif- ficulties have Caused these things (Necessary and Desirable as they are) to be yet unaccomplished. That there is Scarce one Fifth Part of the Land in the Parish Improved the owners of many Large tracts Living out of the Parish who are not Obliged by any Law in Force to bear any part of the Public Charges So that the Improvers and Settlers alone have I-Iitherto been obliged to bear not only the Burden of Taxes but to Clear and Repair the High- ways and to Maintain Several very Chargable Bridges and all this under the Troubles and Hardships of the War. That the value of the Non-Eesidents Lands is much Increased by the Settlements which we are making amongst them in almost all Parts of the Parish. And that the Building a Meeting House and Settlement of a Minister being Designed for the Good of the Whole Parish it is Likely that many of those owners of Lands Here who are not at Present Inhabitants may be Equal Sharers with us in the Benefits accruing therefrom. " We do therefore Humbly Petition your Excellency and Honors to take the Premises into your Considera- tion and if it shall appear Just and Eeasonable by a Law to Impower the Select Men of the Parish Afores* to Eate all the Owners of Lands in Said Parish who are not Inhabitants in it or to Charge their Said Lands in Such Proportion and for So Long a time as to your Excellency and Honours Shall Seem Proper for the Ends aforesaid and your Petitioners Shall as in Duty bound Ever Pray ac : " Epping March ye 30'" 1747" Signed by " Jacob Freeze Joseph Edgerly Jona- than folsom Daniel Ladd Israel Blake Jonathan Rundlett Jeremiah Present Thomas Burley" and thirty-five others. "In H. of Rep. May 21" 1747 Voted — That in answer to the preceding petition all y" Lands in said Epping be subjected by an act to a Tax of two pennys a acre ~f. annum for four years next ensuing for & towards y° Building a. Meeting House & Settling a minister & that ye Inhabitants of s° Epping make it appear by an account to be rendered annually to y' Gen' Assembly that y" money has been apply'' for y* uses aforesaid on pain of refunding y' same. D. Pierce Cli" Our regular church records commence as follows: " Deem' ye 9"" 1747 " The Rev. Robert Cutler was ordained to be pastor of the chh of Christ in Epping — and the first pastor — " The church is supposed to have been organized about this time. The next record is : " The first Church meeting — " May ye 6"" 1748. The Chh met according to de sire to choose a deacon or Deacons and to consult other affairs that might be thot : necessary.'' 216 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM .COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. "After serious and earnest prayer to God for direc- tion, Jacob Freese was chosen sole Deacon." ^ Agreeably with the advice of a council, Dec. 9, 1755, Mr. Cutler asked for " a dismission from his people," which was granted Dec. 23, 1755, after a pastorate of eight years. Eev. Mr. Cutler was a native of Cambridge, Mass., and a graduate of Harvard College in the class of 1741. He was settled over the church in Greenwich, Mass., Feb. 16, 1760, where he died Feb. 24, 1786, aged about sixty-eight years.' After the dismissal of Mr. Cutler the ordinances of the gospel were administered by several ministers for more than two years. Thirty-six were baptized. Pastorate of Rev. Josiah Stearns, thirty years and four months. A paper was drawn up. May 18, 1757, addressed to Mr. Josiah Stearns, of Billerica, Mass., and signed by " freeholders and inhabitants of the parish of Epping, with the members of the church," in all one hundred and aixty-six men, urging the im- portance of his becoming their minister, and assur- ing him that they would vote him an "honorable support," and " do anything" for his " comfort and support during his ministry." As the result, Mr. Stearns " was ordained pastor of the church March 8, 1758." The people were true to their engagement, and after his death, which occurred when he was in the fifty- seventh year of his age, after a pastorate of thirty years and four months, July 25, 1788, " the parish of Epping generously assumed all funeral charges, and voted to continue his salary to his widow for the eight remaining months of the year.'' (See town records.) During his ministry ten hundred and sixty were baptized, two hundred and fifty-nine owned the covenant, and eighty-six j oined in full. During the four and a half years between the death of the last pastor and the settlement of another the pulpit was supplied by thirteen candidates. Pastorate of Eev. Peter Holt, twenty-eight years and two months, Rev. Peter Holt, born in Andover, Mass., June 12, 1763, and graduated at Harvard College, 1790, was ordained and installed pastor of this church Feb. 27, 1798. In 1803 the parish of Epping erectgd the most commodious and finely-finished meeting-house which has ever adorned this town. Col. Seth Fogg, who died Nov. 20, 1806, left a be- quest of one hundred dollars to the selectmen of this town, the interest of which he evidently intended to to be used annually towards the support of the minis- try of this church. 1 other busineBS was transacted, among which was the adoption of a covenant, and, according to the custom of those days, a half-way cov- enant, being for the accommodation of persons who wislied to be baptized and have their children baptized, though they were not ready to be re- ceived into full fellowship. 2 At the organization of the church and during Mr. Cutler's pastorate of eight years two hundred and forty were baptized, thirty-four owned the covenant, and sixty-seven became members of the church in full fellowship. During Mr. Holt's ministry the laws of New Hamp- shire were so altered as to leave it optional with each citizen to contribute towards the support of public worship or not. The old " parish of Epping" ceased and the " Congregational Society" took its place. Other denominations offered ministerial services for less pay, while on the part of very many there was a growing disregard of all religious observances. As a natural consequence the attendants and supporters of public worship here decreased. Under these dis- couragements Mr. Holt resolved to leave this field of labor. At his urgent request his remaining.people, though ardently attached to him, united with him in calling a council, which resulted in his dismission April 25, 1821. By him eighty-nine were baptized and sixty-four received into the church. After leav- ing Epping, Mr. Holt preached in several places ac- ceptably and beneficially. He died in Greenfield, March 25, 1851, aged eighty-seven years and nine months. Mr. Holt was of noble appearance. He was a good and honorable man and an able evangelical preacher, highly esteemed at home and abroad. Not long ago an old letter came to light addressed to Deacon William Stearns by Hon. William Plumer, Sr., when in Washington as a member of Congress, in which he had occasion to speak of Mr. Holt as a man, and he did it in terms of high regard. It was interesting in showing how Mr. Holt was viewed by that class of minds. After Mr. Holt left, the people were much dis- heartened. No move being made to employ a preacher. Deacon Stearns gave notice that he would go to the me.eting-house and read a sermon. He pursued the usual order of worship. At his request neighboring pastors came and administered the Lord's Supper. Journeying ministers occasionally spent the Sabbath "with said deacon and preached. At length he wrote to the New Hampshire Missionary Society, and they sent a minister for several weeks. Then the people raised some money and employed one minister after another. Seven were baptized and eleven re- ceived into the church. To Joseph I. Foot, a recent graduate of Andover Seminary, the church and society extended a call to become their pastor, Nov. 25, 1825 ; but he " did not think the support suflScient, and declined." Nine years after he was elected to the presidency of Wash- ington College, East Tennessee. After his sudden death, by being thrown from a horse, the trustees of that institution wrote of "Rev. Joseph I. Foot, D.D., as a man of superior talents and extensive and various learning, a most able divine, accomplished writer, and lovely companion." The selection of such a map for a minister shows the capability of this people to appreciate great worth, while it also exposes a very common evil, a disposi- tion in congregations to seek more in a minister than they ought to expect to realize. EPPING. 217 Rev. Forest Jefferds' pastorate, five years. Mr. Jefferds was born in Wells, Me., Aug. 4, 1794, educa- ted at Bangor Theological Seminary, and ordained and installed pastor of this church Oct. 25, 1826. When settled, the contract between him and the so- ciety " ran for five years," at the close of which time he was regularly dismissed. He is spoten of as hav- ing " enjoyed the affection of his associated brethren and the confidence of our churches and congregations as a good and acceptable minister of Jesus Christ." He left a good record here, had a successful pastorate of some years in Middleton, Mass., and at length went to Boston as a city missionary, where he died June 20, 1873, aged seventy-eight years, ten months, re- spected and beloved by his numerous friends. During Mr. Jefferds' ministry here thirteen were baptized and thirteen received into the church. Some time after Mr. Jefferds left, Eev. Samuel Utley was employed as stated supply ; after him Rev. John Le Bosquet in like manner. Three were baptized and eight received into the church. In the summer of 1S-1;2 the former meeting-house was abandoned and a new one was built in the most compact part of the town. Rev. Calvin Chapman, born in Bethel, Me., Nov. 8, 1814, graduated at Bowdoin College 1839, Andover Theological Seminary 1842, was ordained and in- stalled pastor of this church Dec. 8, 1842. He was regularly dismissed April 10, 1845. He was said to be "able and faithful." During Mr. Chapman's min- istry five were baptized and nineteen were received into the church. After the dismission of Mr. Chapman the pulpit was supplied by Rev. Enoch Corser, a sound and able preacher. During his ministry, in 1846, Capt. Joseph Blake, not a member of the church, but of the society, died, leaving by will to the society about one and three-quarters acres of valuable mowing land, the in- come of which is to be annually appropriated towards the support of preaching in this church. The pulpit was also supplied a short time by a grandson of the second pastor, now Eben S. Stearns, S.T.D., chan- cellor of the University of Nashville and president of the State Normal College. Two were received into the church. Rev. Lyman White's ministry, five years and six months. Mr. White was a native of Roxbury, a grad- uate of Dartmouth College in 1846, of Andover Semi- nary, 1849. He was employed here as stated supply Sept. 9, 1849; was soon ordained as an evangelist, and Jan. 4, 1854, was installed pastor of this church. He was regularly dismissed May 2, 1855. By those who sat under his preaching here he is spoken of as able and interesting in his pulpit performances. Both the congregation and Sabbath-school increased in numbers under his ministrations. Seven were baptized and nineteen received into the church. Though the last ministry was prosperous, at its close the people were not ready for immediate, united, efficient action. They had some preaching, however, and one child was baptized. The ministry of Rev. Josiah H. Stearns, from June 16, 1857. The present minister, born in Epping, Oct. 1, 1812, a son of a former deacon of this church and grandson of a former pastor, became a member of said church Sept. 3, 1830. He graduated at Dart- mouth College 1840, Andover Theological Seminary 1843. Being under engagement with the Congrega- tional Church in Dennysville, Me., he went imme- diately to labor with them, and was ordained and installed pastor Nov. 6, 1844. He was regularly dis- missed, by advice of council, that he might labor with this church, and arrived here June 16, 1857. Having preached to his former people on the previous Sabbath, he preached to this people on the next fol- lowing. Brother Dudley Norris died March 1, 1860, leaving to this church five hundred and twenty-five dollars, the income of which is to be appropriated to the support of preaching. One thousand dollars, raised by subscription, was paid for a pipe-organ, which was built here for the church, and ready for use Aug. 21, 1866. Aug. 21, 1865, this church received from Brother Isaac B. Morrill, deceased, a bequest of five shares in the Boston and Maine Railroad Company, the income of which is to be appropriated to the support of preaching. Sept. 1, 1867, a beautiful church service was received as a present from Deacon Jacob E. Prescott.' For forty-six years preceding 1871 this church had received aid from the New Hampshire Missionary Society in supporting the ministrations of the word. At said date we assumed the responsibility of self- support, and have maintained it ever since. The church edifice was thought to be unfavorably located, and during the summer and fall of 1875 an eligible site was purchased by the society, the house was moved upon it, enlarged, and greatly improved at a cost of S6717.63. This sum covers improve- ments on the surroundings of the house, and some finished work done soon after. By the efforts of our own people, in which our ladies have acted a noble part, aided by the gener- osity of a few family friends, among whom stand prominently Mr. D. B. Fitts and family, of Newport, R. I., the premises are held free of debt. Brother Rufus Smith died Jan. 8, 1882, leaving to the society a bequest of three hundred dollars. For the spiritual improvement of Christians, and to win others to Christ, we depend mostly on the usual means of grace. Our Sabbath services, preach- ing. Sabbath-school, superintended by the minister, and social meetings are very regularly held ; so are week-day meetings, both monthly and weekly. But help from abroad has at times been beneficial. The Young Men's Christian Association have repeatedly visited us and left a blessing. So have other Chris- 218 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. tian workers. It was specially so in the union effort and revival of 1873. During this period sixty-three have been baptized, and one hundred and two re- ceived into the church. The good accomplished by this church has not been confined to operations at home. Important po- sitions as preachers, professors in colleges, and edu- cators in other institutions of learning have been occupied by children of members of this church, while some have gone forth to engage in other call- ings, we trust to exert an influence for good morals and religion. We have a record of what we have publicly contributed during the last fifteen years and seven months for missionary and other religious operations to give the gospel to needy parts of the world. The amount is $2559.27. From this we can judge what had been sent out during previous years. The mites of small churches, if regularly contributed, aggregate more than many would anticipate. The Methodist Episcopal Church.'— The Con- gregational Church was the only ecclesiastical organ- ization in the town (if we may except a Society of Friends) till the introduction of Methodism, which event came to pass near the beginning of the present century. As nearly as can now be learned, the first sermon preached here "by a Methodist rninister was by Eev. Epaphras Kibby in 1799. He was sent by Eev. George Pickering, presiding elder, to preach to a va- cant Congregational Church in Kingston, as was sometimes done in those days, and making frequent evangelizing tours into the neighboring towns, he came to Epping and was invited by Rev. Mr. Holt, the Congregational pastor, to preach in his church, which he did, greatly to the satisfaction of the people. Mr. Holt was not aware at the time that Mr. Kibby was a Methodist, and when he learned that he was of the sect " everywhere spoken against" he very nat- urally refused him admission to his pulpit on his subsequent occasional visits to the town. We should not be too severe on these old Puritan pastors for their frequent refusals to countenance these early itinerants. They felt that they were constitu- tional guardians of the flocks, and they were honest in their suspicions and prejudices towards these strangers, who came, as they thought, in a disorderly and irregular way, and brought doctrines they had been trained to regard as dangerous heresies, and pro- claimed them with a zeal which seemed to them the fruit of ignorance and fanaticism. Nothing but the good sense and true piety of these early pioneers could have enabled them to finally win their way among the people, and even to the respect and fellowship of these honest but mistaken pastors, as they did after no very long time. When Mr. Kibby was denied the use of the regular pulpit, he was invited by the late Capt. Jonathan 1 By Bev. James Thurston. Fogg to hold his services in his hospitable home, near the centre- of the town. This Mr. Fogg was a prominent citizen, and a brother of the late venerable Rev. Caleb Fogg, of the Maine Conference, who is well remembered by the writer of this sketch, who in his boyhood often saw him and heard much of him as a strong but somewhat eccentric man. Mr. Kibby appears to have been a young man, and is represented as a "traveling preacher on trial." He was a man of marked abilities as a preacher, and was afterwards distinguished as a leading minister in New England Methodism. During the years 1800, 1801, 1802 there was no regular Methodist preaching in this town, but occa- sional services by Mr. Kibby, Daniel Webb, and probably some others. In 1803, William Gookins' name is mentioned in connection with Epping, and he probably also preached in Hawke, now Danville, and Poplin, now Fremont, and some other towns. Of this man we have no further information. Rev. George Pickering preached, mostly in the house of Capt. Fogg, in 1804. The interest in the Methodist meetings continued and increased, and it was felt that some permanent place of worship was needed, but the friends of the cause were few and not rich in this world's goods. Capt. Fogg was moved to build a house of worship for the Methodists, and proceeded to construct a small chapel, the same building which has been enlarged, but now stands in a dilapidated condition, and will soon become a complete ruin. This property was so encumbered by conditions as to its continued occu- pancy as a place of worship that it ceased to be at the disposal of the society, when it was given up for our present house of worship. Hence the church is not responsible for its present unsightly aspect. It was about this time, 1804 or 1805, according to the best light we can get as to the date, that the first " class" was formed, consisting of some four or five persons, whose names unfortunately are not known to the present generation. These few brave men and women and honored pioneers of our church in this town " builded better than they knew," for though this has never been a strong or popular organization, yet it has during the last eighty years maintained its position as a centre of Christian influence in this community, and has been the means of incalculable good to many souls and to the general interests of the town. We wish we could commemorate them by perpetuating their names, but, though not recorded here, are they not written in heaven ? At this time there were but 113,134 members in our whole church, and the number of preachers was but 400. In 1797, seven years before the class was formed, the statistics of members were given by States, as the connection was not then divided into Annual Conference.^ The province of Maine had 616, 2 Definite boundaries of Annual Conference were fixed in 1800. EPPING. 219 Massachusetts had 905, and New Hampshire had but 92 members. Francis Asbury and Richard What- coat were the only bishops. Epping at this time con- tained a population of 1121, only about 400 less than at the present time. There were but five larger towns in Rockingham County. The records of our society, which no doubt were meagre enough in those earlier days, have unfor- tunately been lost, and we have no written evidence of what transpired up to 1846. We can, therefore, give in this sketch only such items relating to this period as we have been able to glean from Stevens' " Memorials of Methodism," and such minutes of the Conference as we have had access to, and the uncer- tain recollections of some of the oldest of our peo- ple now living. Epping was no doubt connected with neighboring towns in those days, forming part of a circuit, as was the custom of the time. In 1805 and 1806, Nathan Fox was the preacher on a circuit em- bracing Epping, Poplin (now Fremont), and Sandown. Mr. Fox was followed in 1806 and 1807 by Rev. Henry Martin. In 1808, Rev. Wm. Stevens was the "preacher in charge," but Revs. Alfred Metcalf and Thomas Asbury were associated with him on the cir- cuit. In 1809 and 1810, Revs. Asa Kent and Daniel (or Edward) Hyde and Daniel Wentworth were the associate preachers, and during their ministry a gracious revival was enjoyed and many were added to the church. No one of those then brought into the society are now living of whom we have any knowledge. The last survivor was the late Mrs. Bet- sey Norris, of Fremont, who has recently died at the age of ninety-three years. The society had now acquired a permanent stand- ing in the town, having a comfortable though hum- ble place of worship, and the good will of some of the leading families in the place. At this time the Methodist " societies" in this part of New Hampshire were embraced in the Boston District, New England Conference. The first note of the number of church-members we find in 1808, when^ there are reported in the Conference minutes one hundred and sixty-four on the whole circuit. How many of these belonged in Epping we do not know. Unfortunately the local records of the church in this town for this period are lost, and we have to depend on the meagre reports in the published Con- ference minutes of the time. The following limited account, taken from that source, is all we have rela- ting to our church and its circuit connection from 1808 to 1837. In 1810, Salisbury, Mass., Poplin (Fre- mont), and Salem were connected with Epping in a circuit. Revs. Asa Kent, Benjamin Sabin, and John Jewett were the preachers. There were two hundred and eighty members. In 1811, Revs. John William- son and Orlando Hinds were the preachers. They report two hundred and forty-three members. In 1812 the circuit embraced Epping, Poplin, and Salem, Revs. B. F. Lombard and Orlando Hinds preachers. In 1813 no change appears in the circuit bounds. Revs. Leonard Frost and John W. Hardy were the preachers. Number of church-members, two hundred and forty-four. In 1814, Revs. Eben^er Blake and Elias Marble, preachers. We have no more record till 1826, when Rev. 0. Hinds and Rev. John Brodhead were the ministers. Members reported, 207 white and one "collored." In 1830, Rev. Warren Wilber preached in Epping, and reports sixty-nine members. In 1832, Rev. S. Green and Rev. J. Woorster were the preachers. In 1833, Rev. Jared Perkins preached in Epping, and Rev. Samuel Hoyt was his associate. Rev. Mr. Perkins was one of the most prominent ministers of the church in New Hampshire. He was for many years a presiding elder. He represented the Third New Hampshire District in Congress. In 1835 Rev. Silas Green was pastor in Epping, which appears disconnected with any other towns. Sixty-seven church-members were reported. In 1836, Rev. C. Tales was the pastor, and Rev. S. A. Cushing in 1837. Members, 66. In 1838, Rev. Samuel Hoyt was the preacher on the Epping charge. He was very much beloved, and had a season of revival. I find some old members yet who were converted under his labors and were bap- tized by him. He stayed two years. He reports at the close of his years in Epping and Poplin, 180 members ; his salary at Epping, I suppose (for A. M. Osgood was associated with him, and probably preached at Poplin), was $300, which was all paid except $8. Received for missions, $6. Rev. Samuel Prescott came in 1840 as Mr. Hoyt's successor. He served two years. He was a devoted and faithful pastor. He reports at the end of his second year for Epping and Poplin 206 members. I suppose there must have been a revival which brought an addition to the church. His claim was $335, and he reports a deficiency of $60 at the end of one of his years. Rev. John Smith was appointed in 1842, and con- tinued two years. The first of his years Poplin, as usual, was connected with Epping, but he had Epping alone his second year. His salary was $365, and he received $241.67. Members, 165. In the report of the second year it reads " Epping and Candia," though the latter place does not appear in his appointment. How many of these members were in Candia we do not know. In 1844, Rev. Matthew Newhall was stationed at Epping. He remained only one year, reporting at its close : members, 70 ; salary, $300. Rev. Caleb Dustin came as the next pastor, and served one year. He was followed in 1846 by Rev. H. N. Taplin. He remained two years. He was greatly beloved by the people for his amiability and faithfulness. He reports in 1848 claims all paid for the first time, viz., three hundred dollars ; eighty-two church-members, a gain during his labors. 220 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. His successor in 1848 was Rev. A. C. Manson. He served one year, was very popular, and had a success- ful year. Here we find the first current records, which give the following as the official members in 1847 ■ Class-leaders, Gardner Tilton, Jonathan Cram ; stewards, D. Clifibrd, B. M. Smith, J. G. Webb, J. P. Sanborn, J. F. Lane, Jeremiah Sanborn ; Ezra F. Barber, licensed exhorter. In 1849, Rev. C. H. Chase came as the successor of Mr. Manson. He remained two years and had pros- perity in his work. The meeting-house was repaired inside. He reports at the end of the second year fifty-seven members. His claim was three hundred and twenty-five dollars. He gives but fifty Sun- day-school scholars. Rev. John Gould came after Mr. Chase in 1851. It reads in the minutes " Epping Mission" for the first time. This we suppose was about the beginning of that period during which missionary money was appropriated to feeble charges in the regular work. Mr. Gould remained but one year. He reports but forty-six members. His claim of three hundred dol- lars was all paid. Number of Sunday-school scholars, fifty-six. It will be seen that the charge was not gaining but rather losing in strength and membership. Rev. J. M. Hartwell came after Mr. Gould in 1852. The ap- pointment reads " Epping Mission and Poplin.'' He remained but one year. The local records are de- ficient for these years, and so we can give no account of the official members, or what was especially done . in the society, except by the Conference minutes. In 1853, Rev. Elihu Scott was the pastor, and served one year. He is remembered with interest by the people to this day, as he was greatly respected when he was among them. He had previously. lived in the place when presiding elder of Dover District, owning a pleasant home near the church, the same property subsequently owned and occupied by Rev. M. Newhall. Mr. Scott returned for Epping and Poplin one hundred and four members and eleven probationers, which indicated some addition by re- vival. Twenty dollars were raised for missions, a larger amount than ever befere. In 1854, Rev. Lorenzo Draper was appointed to Epping and Poplin, but preached in Epping, as did the preachers generally who had both places in charge. He stayed but one year, and was succeeded in 1865 by Rev. Kimbal Hadley. Mr. Draper re- ports at the end of his year: members, one hundred and seven ; claim, three hundred and eighty dollars. Mr. Hadley remained but one year. He reported, members, one hundred and eleven. He was suc- ceeded in 1856 by Rev. Ebenezer Smith, who was in a supernumerary relation. His labors were very ac- ceptable and profitable, and though he was not a sound man in health, and still held his residence in Concord, where he had served for several years as chaplain to the State prison, few pastors performed more work than Mr. Smith did. Rev. Matthew New- hall lived in town as a superannuated minister, and was a friend and helper to the pastor and the church. Mr. Smith reports in 1857 for Epping fifty members ; probationers, seventeen ; showing that there had beeh spiritual prosperity. From 1857 to 1863 the church was " supplied" by young men who were licentiates and students in the "Biblical Institute" at Concord. Their names are as follows in the order of their services : Glover, F. T. George, Joseph Wilde, James V. Saunders, and N. A. Fisher. A student supplied in 1858-59, but we do not learn his name. The reports in the minutes of 1859 from Epping are very meagre. The society was in a, feeble and languishing condition in these years. I find in the Quarterly Conference record for July 17, 1859, this minute : "Voted, that Brother George be made preacher in charge." Rev. A. Folsom came to the church in 1863, and served two years with great acceptance and success. He lived at his home in Raymond, and walked back and forth, and all over his field of labof, holding numerous meetings and visiting the people. A good revival was enjoyed, and several persons were added to the church. It was during Mr. Folsom's ministry that the proposi- tion to purchase the Universalist meeting-house began to be agitated. Mrs. Gardner Tilton offered to give two hundred dollars towards the fund for that pur- pose. It was principally through the friendly agency of Dr. Nathaniel Batchelder that the proprietors of the house were induced to sell out their rights to our church.^ Mr. Folsom aided this enterprise by his best efforts, and it became a certainty before his term expired, but was not taken possession of till May, 1866. When Mr. Folsom came to the charge D. CliffbrtJ, Gardner Tilton, E. K. Jenness, J. P. Sanborn consti- tuted the board of stewards ; who the other officials were does not appear on the record. Rev. C. E. Hall, then a student at Concord, came to the charge in 1866, having just been received on probation in the Conference. The old church was abandoned in May, and the new one, having been put in order and fitted up with an altar, etc., was occupied by the congregation. No doubt the old house, which though a humble structure and altogether unsuited to the wants of the society, was abandoned with some feeling of regret ; it had been used for so many years, had been the birthplace of precious souls, gracious seasons of refreshing had for years been witnessed within its walls, and many dear ones had been carried forth from its portals to the house appointed for all 1 The Uuiversalistfi were at one time quite numeroug and influential in this town. Tiiey built this church in 18^8, and kept up regular ser- vices for many years. They had languished and became very weak at this time, and as there was no prospect of their house being occupied again, they were disposed to transfer it to our people. Some two or three pews, however, are reserved by their old proprietors, and they oc- casionally claim the use of the house for some of their ministers. EPPING. 221 living. It had been a home for the little band through all its varying fortunes of trials and triumphs. No doubt many a heart was sad and some tears were shed as the last echoes of the voice of worship sounded from the venerable walls of the poor, decrepit, but still dear old structure. The new (new to this people and new in its improve- ments), was found a much more convenient and com- fortable place, and this, together with the interest at- tendant upon the change and improvement, and tlie popularity of the young and eloquent pastor, tended to the increase of attendance upon public worship.' Mr. Hall returned in 1867 the statistics of the charge as follows: members, 50; probationers, 16 value of church, S1500 ; Sunday-school scholars, 85 salary, S500, all paid; missions, $21.55; Preachers Aid Society, §5 ; centenary funds, $58.35. In 1867, Rev. James Noyes was appointed as Mr. Hall's successor, and served one year. He was much beloved by the people, and had a prosperous year. He was particularly active in promoting the cause of tem- perance. The Sunday-school also was promoted by the efforts of Mr. Noyes and his excellent wife, whose labors were abundant in every good work. He reports in 1868 : members, 53 ; probationers, 15 ; claim, $500. Rev. J. Steele came in 1868, and served one year. He reports at the close of his year : members, 47 ; probationers, 5 ; Sunday-school scholars, 127 ; salary, $600. Mr. Steele was the first resident pastor since 1855. The Ladies' Circle expended of its earnings during his year some $50 for stoves and furniture for the parsonage, and procured carpets for the church at a cost of $75. In 1869 the appointment reads quite oddly : " San- down, Fremont, and Epping supplied by A. R. Lunt." Mr. Lunt came from the East Maine Conference. He lived at Epping, and preached here a part of the time. Mr. Lunt was very acceptable to the people, and labored with good success. He reports in 1871 68 members and 26 probationers, showing some gain, as there was some revival ; his salary, $600. He was reappointed to Epping, as a member of our Confer- ence, in 1871, and had another pleasant and prosper- ous year; 64 members and 21 probationers are re- ported in 1872; $35 were raised for missions. Rev. D. W. Downs supplied as pastor, appointed by the presiding elder in 1872-73. His pastorate was very successful, a blessed revival was enjoyed, and many valuable additions were made to the church. Meetings were held under the direction of the Rev. C. L. Fowler, who was assisted by the Rev. T. Car- ter. The old parsonage was considerably improved through Mr. Downs' efforts. He reports in 1874, however, only thirty-one members, showing a consid- 1 The bell now on the church was prociirerl diiring Mr. Hall's term. J. P. Sanhom was the agent for its procurement, and the funds were raised in part by a levee (in which Dr. Batchelder was an efficient helper), and in part by subscription secured by L. E. Fogg. Its cost was three hundred dollars. erable decrease from the year before, probably by a needed revision of the register, but there were no pro- bationers reported as the fruits of their revival. He received a larger salary than any one before him, eight hundred dollars ; Sunday-school scholars, one hundred and ten ; raised for missions, eighteen dol- lars. The society house on Hedding Camp-Ground was built through Mr. Downs' efforts. It cost two hundred dollars. He was followed by Rev. C. H. Smith in 1874. Mr. Smith served but one year, when, on account of impaired health, he ceased his active ministry and took a supernumerary relation. Mr. Smith received eight hundred dollars as salary. Dur- ing Mr. Smith's year the parsonage, now owned by the society, was purchased and occupied by the pas- tor. A fund, donated by the late Gardner Tilton, one of our old and faithful members, amounting to some eleven hundred dollars, and held in trust by two of our brethren as executors of his last will and testa- ment, subject to claim by a long-absent son, was ap- plied to this purchase, being loaned to the trustees, who gave security by mortgage. The parsonage cost some eighteen hundred dollars. To avoid double taxa- tion, viz., on the Tilton fund and the house bought in part with the money also, the mortgage has since been surrendered, notes taken up, and a bond of indem- nification given to the executors in case the son ever re- turns. This was done by advice of legal counsel. On his removal in 1875, Rev. W. H. Jones was appointed to the charge and remained three years, — the first in- stance of a "third term" on this charge. Mr. Jones' labors were acceptable and useful, and he carried with him when he left the good will of the people. Evidently a good number of the probationers who re- mained on trial through Mr. Smith's term were brought into the church in full under Mr. Jones' la- bors, as he reports in 1876 ninety-seven members and sixteen probationers. He received his full salary of eight hundred dollars. During Mr. Jones' first year the Congregational Church held their services in connection with those of our own church, while their own house of worship was being reconstructed. This was done by invita- tion on the part of the Methodist pastor and people, Mr. Jones and Rev. Mr. Stearns preaching alternately, and the social and sacramental services united, the most perfect and pleasant state of harmony continuing throughout. Some additions were made to the par- sonage furniture during these years. In 1876-77 the work of improving the interior of the church was undertaken and carried on by the " Ladies' Aid Society." The wood-work was painted, the walls tinted, new matting for the aisles, and car- pet for the pulpit-platform and altar. A new pulpit and furniture to correspond were procured, together with new stoves and pipe, and a clock placed on the wall. The old blinds outside were removed, and new ones placed on the inside, and various other needed improvements made, which added much to the beauty 222 HI8T0EY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. and convenience of the house. An elegant Bible and hymn-book were presented for the pulpit by Mr. Ben- nett, of Lowell. The custom of one sermon on Sunday was adopted during Mr. Jones' administration. Rev. J. E. Bartlett came as Mr. Jones' successor in 1878, and remained one year. The old parsonage, which had been rented since the purchase of the new one, was sold for five hundred dollars, and the amount applied as a payment on the debt for the new one, thus reducing the indebtedness to two hundred dollars. Mr. Bartlett was very efficient in promoting the cause of temperance, and took an active part in legal prose- cutions against violators of the law against the selling liquor. He reported in 1879 : members, eighty-seven ; probationers, twelve ; Sunday-school scholars, eighty ; raised for missions, fifteen dollars. His salary was eight hundred dollars, which was all paid. During Mr. Bartlett's year the parsonage was much improved by rebuilding the chimney in the L, so as to enlarge the kitchen and add to its conveniences very mate- rially. A new carpet was procured for the parlor. Mr. Bartlett was succeeded in 1879 by Rev. J. Thurston, the present pastor (and the compiler of this sketch). During his first year the effort, com- menced the year previous, to paint the outside of the church, rebuild the front steps, erect new chimneys, etc., was carried to completion. Mr. Thurston served as pastor three years. A new communion service of plated ware was obtained in 1880. The church reg- ister was thoroughly revised, resulting in a decrease in the list of church-members. An historical sketch of the church was compiled by the pastor, and recorded in permanent form for local presentation and reference. Mr. Thurston re- ported, in 1882, sixty-nine church-members. Several ministers have been raised up in this church who have gone forth to the gospel field as itinerants, and have all, I believe, a good record. Rev. J. Stevens was a native of this town, and here he was converted and licensed to preach, and i;ecommended to the Annual Conference. He did efBcient service while his health held out. He re- turned to this town and worshiped with this church till his death. Rev. D. W. Barber was also a son of this church. He joined the Conference in 1844, and is yet living, though in superannuation, after years of faithful ser- vice.' Rev. George Barber, of Maine, and Rev. John W. Sanborn, of Western New York, were raised up in this church. Hedding Camp-Meeting Association.— Camp- meetings were held in Fowler's Grove, in South New- market, annually from 1857 to 1862, inclusive. At the meeting in 1862 arrangements were made for a per- manent camp-meeting establishment, and a commit- tee of ministers and laymen was appointed to secure 1 Mr. Bfirber has died since the above was written. a suitable location, purchase land, and make prepa- rations for a meeting in the autumn of the next year. The ground now occupied at East Epping was bought of Daniel and Ezra F. Barker, and cleared and otherwise prepared, and the first meeting was held in 1863, under the direction of Rev. A. Q. Man- son, presiding elder of the Dover District. Rev. Calvin had acted as agent of the committee in the purchase and preparation of the ground. An act of incorporation was secured from the Legislature of 1863, the organization taking the name of the "Hed- ding Camp-Meeting Association," in honor of the late Bishop Hedding. The following-named gentle- men were the original corporators: Rev. Calvin Hol- man. Rev. D. P. Leavitt, Rev. A. C. Munson, Rev. Sullivan Holman, Rev. Eleazar Smith, Rev. J. Thurs- ton, H. C. Matthews, 0. W. Wentworth, T. D. Went- worth, S. Y. Brook, and N. Herrick, Esqs. The charter declares that the above-named per- sons, " their associates and successors to be made a body politic and corporate for such religious, moral, and charitable, and benevolent purposes as said cor- poration may from time to time designate." A meet- ing of these corporators was held on the camp-ground on the 25th day of August, 1863, when the organiza- tion was completed by formally accepting the charter, adopting a constitution, and the choice of officers. The association consists of all the pastors within the bounds of the New Hampshire Conference who maybe in attendance, all "tent-masters," and owners of cottages on the grounds. The Executive Com- mittee, consisting of the president of the association (who is chairman), secretary and treasurer, and eight committee-men, all chosen annually by the associa- tion except the president, who holds his ofl&ce by virtue of his presidingship for the time being. The duty of the Executive Committee is to take charge of all the property and business, and to carrjr out the instructions of the association. They are re- quired to make an annual report of their doings and a statement of the financial condition of the associa- tion. The charter allows the association to hold property to the value of ten thousand dollars, free of taxation. The constitution provides that whenever any profit shall arise from the business above what is needed for the annual expenses and improvements it shall be devoted to the " Preachers' Aid Society" of the New Hampshire Conference, and if the ground and fixtures at any time shall cease to be used for camp-meeting purposes, they shall be transferred to the same society, and the income annually appro- priated to the benefit of widows and orphans of de- ceased ministers and such aged and disabled ministers as may need assistance. The Executive Committee conduct the establishments for boarding and refresh- ments and stabling, etc. No other person is allowed to carry on any temporary selling on the grounds without the consent of the committee. The income EPPING. 223 from the business, together with an allowance of ten cents for each passenger coming by the railroads, have been sufficient to meet the expenses and make neces- sary improvements. Additional land has been pur- chased from time to time, and the association now (1882) holds about two hundred acres. Eev. A. C. Munson was the president of the asso- ciation from 1863 to 1867, four years. Eev. J. Thurs- ton was chosen secretary, and J. M. Sanborn, of East Kingston, treasurer, in 1864. In 1868 the grounds were enlarged by the purchase of adjoining land. Avenues were laid out and lots offered for sale, and private parties began to erect cottages, and families to make the grounds a place of summer resort. In 1869 the building devoted to the boarding department was erected. Rev. J. Pike, D.D., was the president from 1867 to 1871. The land on the north, known as the " Scammon land," extending to the Pawtucaway River and the county road, about sixty acres, was purchased, and the Barber farm subsequently. Rev. Dr. 0. H. Jasper was president from 1871 to 1875, and Rev. Dr. L. D. Barrows succeeded him in 1875, and served two years. Rev. Dr. J. Pike again became president in 1877, and served four years. Rev. George J. Judkin became president in 1871. J. M. Sanborn, of East* Kingston, served as treasurer for a number of years, and was one of the most efficient promoters of the enterprise to the time of his death, in 1875. He was followed by Rev. Dr. E. Adams, of Concord, who served as treasurer from 1872 to 1877. Prof. Stephen W. Clark, of Portsmouth, was treasurer in 1877-78. Rev. G. W. Norris was chosen to that office in 1878, and still holds the position. Rev. James Thurston, of Dover, served as secretary from 1864 to 1871, with tlie exception of one year, 1877. Rev. Otis Cole, the present secretary, was chosen in 1881. Camp-meetings have been held annually on these grounds. The time of beginning is fixed by a stand- ing order on the last Monday in August. Meetings have been held on the Sabbath twice, but the asso- ciation has adopted the policy of not holding Sabbath meetings, and of excluding from the grounds all gatherings and exercises not strictly religious. This last rule has been observed, if we except in a few instances temperance and Sunday-school meetings. The financial affairs of the association have been faithfully and judiciously administered, and its obli- gations have been promptl y met. Its present indebted- ness is about two thousand dollars. Arrangements were entered into with the Concord and Boston and Maine Railroads, when the associa- tion was formed, by which the conveyance of passen- gers at reduced rates was secured, and the sum of ten cents on each ticket sold is paid to the treasury for the expenses of the meeting. Similar arrange- ments are annually made with other railroads in the State. In 1881 the Concord and Portsmouth Railroad Company built a track from East Epping station to the grounds, the association paying the land damages. Society of Friends. — Friends, commonly called Quakers, first settled and formed church organization in Hampton and Dover, N. H., prior to 1680, and about the same time set up Monthly Meetings, each of which were composed of several particular meetings lying contiguous. These Monthly Meetings were held monthly for religious worship and for the transaction of the varied concerns which interested them as a church and society, and kept record thereof. The first Friends' meeting-house built in Rocking- ham County was at Hampton (now Seabrook) in 1702, at or near the spot where the meeting-house now stands. The earliest record which has been preserved by Hampton Monthly Meeting bears date 6th mo. 15, 1701. An unbroken record has been preserved to the present time, to wit, 12th of 9th mo., 1882. Hampton Monthly Meeting was changed to that of Seabrook in 1793, because Seabrook was taken from Hampton and incorporated a separate town some time before. Since its organization the Monthly Meeting has been held a portion of the time at vari- ous other places within its limits, namely, at Ames- bury, West Newbury, Epping, Pittsfield, and Weare. Weare was separated from Seabrook Monthly Meet- ing in 1795, and was constituted a separate Monthly Meeting, called Weare Monthly Meeting of Friends. The next Friends' meeting-house built in said county and within the limits of Hampton Monthly Meeting was at Newtown (now Newton), where a Friends' meeting-house was built prior to 1810 by some Friends living there. A meeting was set up by the Monthly Me.eting, and continued for about eighty years ; many of its members bore the name of Peasley. Their history dates back to the earliest settlements in Massachusetts, as Joseph Peasley died in Haverhill in 1662, the father from whom descended the Peasley family. The descendants of the Newton Peasleys are scattered from Maine to California, some of whom are yet connected and in fellowship with the society of Friends. The Friends' Meeting at Newton was discontinued in 1804. A few Friends resided in Brentwood as early as 1738, held religious meetings around at their houses at first, and built a house for worship in 1740. James Bean was a preacher among them. Samuel Dudley and Jonathan Beede were prominent members for a time. Hampton Monthly Meeting approved of this organization in 1746, but some of the individuals composing this meeting, including James Bean, did not conduct the meeting or otherwise behave to the satisfaction of the Monthly Meeting, and it was dis- continued in 1748. James Bean still continued his disorganizing course, and in a few years the meeting was entirely broken up, and those constituting it moved to other localities or ceased to be members of the So- ciety of Friends. A few Friends resided in Epping prior to 1746 224 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. and attended meeting with their friends in Brent- wood until the disorganizing course pursued by some of its members. The Friends at Epping withdrew from them, and held meetings for religious worship at their houses until 1788, when Friends at Epping built their first meeting-house on the ground near the present post-office at West Epping. A new house was built by Friends of West Epping for religious worship, near the old one, in 1851. Seabrook Monthly Meeting of Friends is held three times each year at West Epping, and has been for many years. Joshua Folsom, Jonathan Beede, and Joseph Peasley were prominent members, the two former ministers. Joshua Folsom was much from home the last twenty years of his life in missionary labor, with the approval of his Monthly Meeting. He visited most or all the localities of Friends in New England, New York, and Pennsylvania. He died in 1793. Benjamin Folsom, his son, was a speaker among the Friends at Epping, and died in 1850, in his ninety-fourth year. Mehitable Folsom, now in her ninety-third year, was for many years a public speaker. The meeting is at present favored with the religious services of Daniel Beede and Abigail M. Hanson. Universalist Society. — Between 1835 and 1840 a movement was made to organize a Universalist So- ciety. A liberal religious sentiment had strongly de- veloped itself here as elsewhere. It finally resulted in the associating together of several gentlemen of wealth and social influence, who purchased a site and erected the edifice now occupied by the Methodist Society. This structure was built in about 1837. The first pastor was James H. Shrigley, who preached here one-half of the time and the other half in Exeter. He was a gentleman of pleasing address, and a for- cible speaker. He was followed by a Mr. Moore, who remained only about one year. The Eevs. Hosea and Moses Ballou, Henry Jewell, Thomas Whittmore, and other eminent ministers of this denomination preached occasionally, and the Eev. Nathaniel Gold- smith, now a resident of the town, occupied the pulpit "for several years. The interest which first brought the society into existence soon began to abate. Men died or moved to other places, so that it was found impracticable to sustain preaching and keep the church in rfepair. The result was the Methodist So- ciety abandoned their old house of worship and pur- chased this, and refitted it to meet the wants of this society. The Universalist Society occupied this church, and kept up their organization for about twenty-five years. CHAPTEE XXXII. EPPING.— ( Continued.) MISCELLANEOUS. Native Ministers — Physicians — Public Oiflcials — Attorneys-at-Law — Graduates from* Colleges — Railroads — Banking Institutions — Popula- tion — Origin of the Name of the Town. Native Ministers. — Many gentlemen from this town have chosen the profession of ministers of the gospel, and among them may be mentioned Eev. Nicholas Dudley, David L. Morrill, Samuel Stearns, and Josiah H. Stearns, who were members of the Con- gregational Church ; Eevs. Caleb Fogg, Jacob Ste- vens, Daniel W. Barker, Nathaniel Ladd, George Barker, and John W. Sanborn were members of the Methodist Church ; Benjamin F. Shepard was an Episcopalian, and Norris Hodgdon was a Universalist. These gentlemen made honorable record in their pro- fession. Physicians. — Of the physicians who were natives of the town, mention may be made of Theodore and George W. Kittridge, both of whom became eminent; the former recently died in Massachusetts, and the latter in Newmarket, N. H., where he earned a wide reputation for his skill as a physician and surgeon. He was also a prominent citizen, and his public record is elsewhere given. Prescott Lawrence graduated at the Harvard Medical School in 1823. Dr. Albert L. Norris, of Cambridge, Mass., is a native of the town, and he ranks high in his profession, and Dr. John W. Chase, of Dedham, Mass., has a large, successful, and varied practice. Nathaniel Bachelder practiced medicine for a long period, following his father. Dr. Nathan Bachelder, who practiced long before him. They were both emi- nent and had a large practice. Am.ong those physi- cians who were not natives of the town may be men- tioned Ebenezer Fisk, Eliphalet How, O. Williams, George Kittredge, John Ladd, Ebenezer Moore, Wil- liam Gilman, L. H. Angell, Locero J. Gibbs, Dr. East- man, J. Chesley, and others. The physicians now present in town are Hosea B. Burnham, Albert C. Boswell, and Frank W. Spaulding. Public Officials. — This town has occupied a promi- nent position in the State for one of its size, and many of its citizens who have remained within its limits, as well as those who have gone elsewhere, have occupied conspicuous positions in the county. State, and na- tional governments. The following, though an in- complete list, will give the positions some have held, and all to the satisfaction of those who appointed or elected them to their places of trust: Governors of the State.— William Plumer, from 1812 to 1813, and from 1816 to 1819; David Lawrence Morrill, from 1824 to 1827; Benjamin F. Prescott, from 1877 to 1879. Governor Morrill resided in GoflTs- town at the time he occupied the chair, but he was born in Epping, June 10, 1772, and died Feb. 4, EPPING. 225 1849. He was a student at Phillips' Academy in Exeter in 1790. He studied medicine, and commenced the practice of his profession in Epsom, N. PI., in 1793. He then studied theology, and was ordained a pastor, but relinquished that profession to resume the practice of medicine. He was a representative to the General Court of the State in 1811, 1812, and in 1816. He was United States senator for six years. He was chosen State senator, and served as its president in 1823. He was a gentleman of varied learning, and wrote much on religious and secular topics. He was one of the prominent men of the State. During his administration as Governor, Gen. Lafayette visited this country and was given a public reception at Con- cord. Col. Joseph Towle, of Epping, was then in com- mand of a portion of the militia of the State, and was present on this memorable occasion. Col. Towle subsequently became major-general of the forces of the State. United States Senators. — William Plumer, from 1802 to 1807; David L. Jlorrill, from 1817 to 1823; John Chandler, from 1820 to 1829. Mr. Chandler was a native of this town, and was born of humble parent- age on what is known as "Red Oak Hill." Here- moved when young to the province of Maine, and there by industry became prominent in the affairs of that State, and when the province was a part of Massa- chusetts he represented it in the State Senate from 1803 to 1805, and in the Congress of the United States in the Lower House from 1805 to 1808, and for three years was sheriff of Kennebec County. In 1812 he was appointed a brigadier-general, and took a con- spicuous part in the Canadian campaign. He was wounded and taken prisoner at Stony Creek, and in that engagement had his horse shot from under him. He was elected to the United States Senate in 1820, being one of the first two senators from the State of Maine after its separation from Massachusetts. He served in this position two terms, until 1829. In 1829 he was appointed collector of the port of Portland, serving till 18;:!7. He died at Augusta in September, 1811. Representatives in Congress.— William Plumer, Jr., from 1S19 to 1825 ; George W. Kittredge from 1853 to 1855. Dr. Kittredge resided in Newmarket at the time he was chosen. John-Chandler, of Maine, an account of whom is given under the head of United States senators. . Presidents of the New Hampshire Senate.— William Plumer, 1810; David L. Morrill, 1828. Speakers of the New Hampshire House of Rep- resentatives.— William Plumer, 1791, 1799; David L. Morrill, 1816 ; George W. Kittredge, 1852. Secretary of State —Benjamin F. Prescott, 1872, 1873, 1875, 1876. Electors of President and Vice-President— Wil- liam Plumer was one of the electors in 1820. He cast his vote for John Quincy Adams, while the others 15 voted for James Monroe. But for this vote Mr. Mon- roe would have had a unanimous election. The favor- ite of Mr. Plumer was the next President. State Councilor.— Samuel P. Dow in 1872, 1873. State Senators. — William Plumer, 1810-11 and 1811-12; Joseph Shepard, 1816-17; Samuel P. Dow, 1858-59. Mr. Dow was a citizen of Newmarket when he was elected senator. Postmasters. — William Stearns, 1809-10 ; William Plumer, 1810-11 ; William Plumer, 1811-17 ; George W. Plumer, 1817-28; Samuel Plumer, Jr., 1828-.30 ; Nathaniel Batchelder, 1830-34; Nathaniel Morrill, Jr., 1834-41; George W. Lawrence, 1841^5; John i W. Morrill, 1845-49; James M. Godfrey, 1849-50; Charles L. Godfrey, 1850-52; James L. Rundlett, 1853-61 ; George E. Lawrence, 1861-72 ; David Stick- uey, 1872-82 ; AValter H. Stickney, 1882. Attorney-General. — Hon. Daniel French, a native of Epping, was attorney -general of the State from 1812 to 1815. He was a resident of Chester at the time he held this high position. County Treasurers. — Joseph C. Plumer, 1833 and 1834; Charles M. Norris, 1857-59; George E. Law- rence, 1866-68 ; Winthrop N. Dow, 1872-74, and ap- pointed by Supreme Court April, 1882, to fill vacancy. County SheriflF. — Joseph Towle was sheriff of the county from 1835 to 1840, the appointment being for five years. County Commissioner. — Joseph C. Burley, 1880 -82. Attorneys-at-Law. — There havebeen many promi- nent and successful lawyers in town, especially in its early history, before it became the practice for mem- bers of the bar to locate in places more densely popu- lated. Among this number can be mentioned .Jotham Lawrence, William Plumer, Sr. and Jr., Samuel But- terfield, Amos A. Parker, Hiram Csgood, Silas Betton, Daniel Clark, James McMurphy, John S. H. Frink, Horace C. Bacon, Enoch Bartlett, Joseph F. Wiggin, J. Warren Towle, George Stickney, George W. Stevens, H. F. Hopkins, Elijah B. Hazen, W. H. Drury, and others, who remained for a short period. Epping for many years was a business centre, and the practice of the law was quite prominent in town. Graduates from College. — Nicholas Dudley, Har- vard, 1767; Samuel Stearns, Harvard, 1794; William Plumer, Jr., Harvard, 1809; Benjamin F. Shepard, Dartmouth, 1833 ; John S. Ladd, Dartmouth, 1835 ; Josiah H.Stearns, Dartmouth, 1840; William Plumer (3d), Harvard, 1845; Samuel G. Stevens, Dartmouth, 1850; Joseph Warren Towle, Harvard, 1851; Benja- min F. Prescott, Dartmouth, 1856 ; Charles Edward Lane, Dartmouth, 1866; Theodore Moses Barber, Dartmouth, 1870. The above became prominent members of society. Nicholas Dudley, Samuel Stearns, Josiah H. Stearns, and Benjamin F. Shepard became ministers of the gospel. William Plumer, Jr., was a lawyer, a gentle- man of fine literary taste, and a member of the House 226 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of Eepresentatives in the Congress of the United States. John S. Ladd became a lawyer, and is at present an able judge of the municipal court of Cam- bridge, Mass., and Benjamin F. Prescott became Gov- ernor of his native State. William Plumer (3d) read law, and has practiced his profession. Samuel G. Stearns adopted the profe.ssion of teacher. J. Warren Towle, a lawyer. Benjamin F. Prescott read law, and afterwards became secretary and Governor of the State. Charles Edward Lane is agent in Chicago for a large publishing house, while Theodore M. Barber is Professor of Latin in the Western University of Pennsylvania. There have been many other eminent graduates from the academies and schools who have taken prominent position in the various professions. Railroads. — There are two railroads in the town, viz., the Concord and Portsmouth and the Nashua and Eochester. They form a junction a little south of the village. The Concord and Portsmouth Eoad was constructed in 1850-52. The Nashua and Eo- chester was opened Nov. 24, 1874. The Concord and Portsmouth Eoad is now operated by the Concord Eailroad under a long lease. The Nashua and Eo- chester road is operated by the Worcester and Nashua Eailroad. These roads are of great advantage to the town, and they afford superior facilities to the people to ship wood, lumber, brick, bark, and manufactured articles of all kinds, as well as the products of the soil, which are quite abundant in the town, such as hay, potatoes, apples, straw, etc. Banking' Institutions. — There has never been in town but one bank of discount, and that was incor- porated under the State law, and closed before the present national banking system went into operation. The name of this bank was " Pawtuckaway." It was chartered in 1854, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars. John H. Pearson, of Concord, was its presi- dent, and Charles W. Sargent, of Epping, cashier. It was a successful and well-managed institution. The larger portion of the stock was owned in Con- cord. This bank surrendered its charter in 1864, after ten years of successful business. The directors were John H. Pearson, George Clough, James W. Sargent, George A. Pillsbury, Peltiah Brown, of Con- cord, Nathaniel Bachelder, of Epping, and James H. Butler, of Nottingham. In 1873 the Epping Savings-Bank was incorporated. Its charter expires in 1893. The president of this institution is Joseph C. Borley, of Epping, and George S. Eundlett is treasurer. The following gentlemen are the board of trustees: James L. Eundlett, William E. Bunker, David Stickney, Dudley L. Harvey, Hosea B. Burnham, John H. Pike, James H. Bartlett, Alfred T. Eundlett, Benjamin W. Hoyt, John Leddy, of Epping, Joseph N. Cilley, of Nottingham, and Win- throp N. Dow, of Exeter. This bank has been care- fully and economically managed since its organiza- tion, and has proved a safe place for people to deposit their surplus earnings. The amount of deposits now are nearly sixty thousand dollars. Population of the town at different periods : 1767, 1410; 1773, 1648; 1775, 1569; 1786, 1347; 1790, 1233; 1800, 1181; 1820, 1558; 1830, 1268; 1840, 1232; 1850, 1663; 1860, 1414; 1870, 1270; 1880, 1536. The population of the town has varied from period to period since the Eevolution. At that time it was the sixth or seventh town in number of its popula- tion in the State. Soon after the Eevolution many of the young men with their families moved into neighboring towns where they could get farms cheap, and many went to the province of Maine. There was no very distant outlet for the population, as hap- pened later when so many of the Eastern people went West and settled, in 1850 the population by the census showed the largest number the town ever had, but that is due to the fact that a large number of men, and some with their families, were employed in the building of the Portsmouth and Concord Eail- road. This was a temporary population of the town, and soon the number fell back to its legitimate limit. In 1880 the number of inhabitants rose again up to 1536. This was owing in large degree to the exten- sive shoe manufactories which have been established, and also the increase in the manufacture of brick, which requires many men. In both departments of business the employes became permanent citizens, and the number is liable to increase rather than diminish in the future. There are other branches of business springing up, which will no doubt increase the number of inhabitants, such as the box-factory in the west part of the town, on the Lamprey Eiver, now operated by Cyrus F. Low, where he uses up- wards of twelve hundred thousand feet of lumber annually in the manufacture of boxes for shoes. There is also another box manufactory of a similar character at the village, operated by Charles A. and Henry W. Miles, but at present less in extent. Origin of the Name of the Town.— Col. Joseph L. Chester, LL.D., of London, England, a native of Con- necticut, but now lately deceased, the leading antiqua- rian of England, in reply to an inquiry of Hon. Benjamin F. Prescott, in January, 1876, in reference to the origin of the name of Epping, in the United States (and there is no other town of that name except Epping in Eock- ingham County), says, in a letter dated Feb. 12, 1876, " Epping is a nice little town in Essex, about seventeen miles from London. The parish is called Epping- Upland, and Epping is a market town in the parish. The town is in about the middle of the forest called ' Epping Forest,' but the town gives the name to the forest and not vice versa. Epping was originally a royal manor, and the forest a royal chase. It now belongs to the nation, and the forest is free to the public. We are very proud of having so large a bit of woods so near London, and the forest has al- ways been a great resort for holiday-makers. No .^^^^^^ ■~-) EPPING. 227 doubt some of the early settlers of your place came from Epping or its vicinity. Epping, according to writers on such subjects, is derived from Gippan, the possession of Gippa, a man's name in the old Anglo- Saxon times,— (.e., Gippa's Forest, Epping Forest. The forest was probably the possession of one Gippa at the period when there were no surnames." Epping was formerly a part of Exeter, and was incorporated into its present limits Feb. 23, 1741. It contains nearly thirteen thousand acres. The surface of the town is uneven, but none of the hills are high. It is well supplied with streams of water. The largest of these is the Lamprey River, on which there have been several mills for grinding grain, sawing boards, shingles, and other varieties of lumber, as well as woolen-mills for the manufacture of cloth, knitting of stockings, and other fabrics. At the present liime the power at the centre village is used for grist-mill, saw-mill, planing of lumber, themanufacture of boxes from boards, and woolen manufactures and the card- ing of wools. The power on the same river in the westerly section of the town is now used in running a saw-mill, grist-mill, box -factory, and the manufac- ture of stockings and other woolen goods. The privilege on this stream just below the last named has been abandoned, although it is superior to either of the others, owing to its situation and the height of the fall. For more than a hundred years a grist- and a saw-mill stood here, and were patronized from far and near. There was also a shingle-mill and wheelwright-shop. At one time there was a manu- factory of rubber goods when that business first com- menced in this country. For some cause it was soon abandoned. The town has no wild scenery, but the surface is undulating and pleasing to the eye, and with its numerous streams and wooded hills and valleys it is considered one of the finest towns in Rockingham County. The soil generally is good and well suited to the products raised in the State. The principal occupation of the inhabitants is that of farming, and as much skill is displayed by them as is seen any- where else in the State in the cultivation of their lands. The products are hay, oats, wheat, rye, barley, corn, potatoes, beans, apples, pears, etc. For the last twenty-five years large quantities of excellent apples, principally of winter varieties, have been raised, which have found a ready market in Boston and other places, owing to their superior flavor and fine texture. Much lumber has been cut in this town within the past few years, and wood, which have been sold in towns and cities in our own and other States. Almost all varieties of growth grow rapidly and luxu- riantly here, and many more acres are covered with forest than there were fifty years ago, though the size is by no means so large or valuable. The tendency among all farmers now is to allow the poorer places to come into growth, wherever it may be, and thus in every thirty or forty years get a larger income than they possibly could in any other way from such tracts of land. BIOGRAPHLCAL SKETCHES. BENJAMIN F. PRESCOTT. Hon. Benjamin F. Prescott, whose portrait is here- with given, was born in Epping, Feb, 26, 1833. His parents were Nathan Gove Prescott and Betsey Hills Richards. His father was the fourth generation upon the homestead now owned and occupied by ex-Gov- ernor Prescott, while his mother was a native and resident of Nottingham. His father died in 1866, but his mother still resides with her son upon the homestead, which has been in the family for about one hundred and thirty years. The subject of this sketch inherited a vigorous constitution, and passed his boyhood upon the farm, doing every variety of work which a New Hampshire farmer's son is called upon to do. He attended the district school until his age would admit of his leaving home to pursue his studies in the higher seminaries of learning. In 1847 he was sent to Pembroke Academy (N. H.), and re- mained there portions of the time till 1850, when he entered Phillips' Academy, in Exeter. Here he pur- sued a classical course of study until the autumn of 1853, when he entered the sophomore class in Dart- mouth College. He graduated from this college in 1856. He taught winters while in college, and some months after graduation. He then read law, and was admitted to practice in all the courts of the State. He opened an oflice in Concord, N. H., and entered upon his profession, but relinquished it in 1861 to become associate editor of the Independent Democrat, the leading anti-slavery paper of the State. He remained thus associated till 1865, when his con- nection with the paper closed. For a short period he was a special agent of the United States Treasury Department for New England, but was removed because he opposed the policy of Andrew Johnson and fearlessly proclaimed his oppo- sition. In the years 1872, 1878, 1875, and 1876 he was elected Secretary of State, and in March, 1877, was elected Governor, and was re-elected in March, 1878. He was elected a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 1880, and was selected chair- man of the New Hampshire delegation. For fifteen years previous to 1877 he was secretary of the Repub- lican State Committee, and was largely instrumental in perfecting the organization of the State which se- cured the most important triumphs of the party. His administration was conceded to be one of the most successful the State has ever had. He took a lively interest in all matters pertaining to its welfare and advancement, and "allowed no opportunity to escape when he was able to render assistance to the people. 228 HISTOEY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. He is deeply interested in agriculture and all matters which build up the influence and power of his State. He was married in 1869 to Miss Mary Little Noyes, of Concord, N. H., a lady of fine accomplishments and cultivated manners. They have one son, who takes the name of his father, and was born June 16, 1879. While occupying the executive chair Governor Pres- cott responded to the great variety of calls made upon him, and on all occasions acquitted himself in a man- ner acceptable to the people. He has historical taste, and is a member of the New Hampshire Historical So- ciety, and was for many years vice-president of the same. He is also a fellow of the Eoyal Historical Society of Great Britain. He has also given great attention to art, and the one hundred and seventy-five portraits and marble busts in the State-House in Concord, Dartmouth College, Phillips' Exeter Academy, Pem- broke Academy, the State Normal School, and the New Hampshire Historical Society attest the interest he feels in preserving the faces of those who occupy a prominent place in the history of the State and the institutions connected with it. He has also done much to advance the educational interests of the State, and is at the present time a trustee of Dartmouth College, and also trustee of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. REV. JOSIAH HOWE STEARNS. In the " Genealogies and History of Watertown, Mass.," by Henry Bond, M.D., the Stearns family oc- cupies more than one-eighth of the entire volume of 1094 pages. In said book is a picture of the family coat of arms, thus described : " Arms, or a chevron between three crosses, flory sable; crest, a cock starling proper." "A coat of arms similar to this formerly belonged to the occupants of the old Stearns homestead, in Watertown. It is the same as that borne by families of the name of Sterne in the counties of Bucks, Cam- bridge, Hertford, and Norfolk, England ; the same also as that borne by Richard Sterne, Archbishop of York, who was descended from the Sternes of Not- tinghamshire." " The name in Europe is spelt variously by fami- lies bearing .the same coat of arms, and probably of the same family line." -" It is probable that all the families of the name of Stearns in the United States are descended from three early immigrants, — Isaac and Charles, who settled in Watertown, or Nathaniel, who settled in Dedham." Isaac Stearns came to America in 1630, in the same ship, as is supposed, with Governor Winthrop and Sir Richard Saltonstall, and settled in Watertown. He was admitted freeman, May 18, 1631, the earliest date of any such admission, after which he was much in public office. The births of only three of his children are found in the town records, and some were born before he left England, as the parish register of Nayland re- cords those of two daughters at least. His son, John Stearns, was one of the first settlers of Billerica. He married Sarah, only daughter of Isaac and Sarah Mixer, of Watertown. Their son, Lieut. John Stearns, whose birth was the first on the Billerica records, was a man much respected and having a large influence. He married Elizabeth Bigelow, daughter of John and Mary War- ren Bigelow, of Watertown. Their son, John Stearns, of Billerica, married Esther Johnson, descendant of Edvvard Johnson, of Woburn, author of the history of New England en- titled "Wonder-working Providence of Sion's Saviour in New England." 0;)e of their sons, Hon. Isaac Stearns, of Billerica, was a soldier in the French war, a representative and senator in the State Legislature, and highly respected as a soldier, a civil magistrate, a legislator, and a Christian. He was grandfather of Hon. Onslow Stearns, who was Governor of New Hampshire, 1869 and 1870. Another son of the said John Stearns, Rev. Josiah Stearns, of Epping, was born in Billerica, Mass., Jan. 20, 1732. At the usual age he was sent to school, where he soon discovered such powers of mind, dili- gence in application, and sobriety of conduct as attracted the especial notice of his instructor, and induced him to urge upon his parents the expediency of giving him a liberal education. At the age of fif- teen he entered Harvard College, and was graduated at nineteen. He at once felt specially desirous to preach the gospel, and having been solemnly dedica- ted to this work by his pious parents, he commenced his theological studies immediately after leaving the university. At the age of twenty-one years he began to preach with great acceptance, and the eyes of many in different places were soon fixed upon him as their intended pastor. But not feeling prepared to take the charge of a parish at that early age, he declined preaching as a candidate for a time and followed teaching, while he engaged in occasional ministerial labors and in the further prosecution of his theologi- cal studies. At length he decided to enter on the momentous duties of a parochial charge whenever God pointed the way to him, and after receiving sev- eral calls he decided to accept that from the Congre- gational Church in Epping, where he was ordained and installed at the age of twenty-six years. He was a close and thorough student. He studied the Scriptures in their original languages with unre- mitting diligence. So intimate was his knowledge of them that he could readily cite the chapter and verse where almost any text was to be found. The late Dr. Thayer, of Kingston, mentioning this fact, added, "The Bible especially was his library." Still he had a small library of choice works, and his thirst for knowledge led him " to borrow of friends one volume I ■VL' {^tj^^rZ.-l.^^^^ EPPING. 229 at a time, and when he bad read it through its con- tents were his own." He was eminently a man of prayer. " The place of his retirement witnessed the fervent outpourings of his soul, frequently for two hours at a time." He was an ardent friend of liberty, and he sacrificed most of bis worldly interest in sup- port of the American cause (Alden's Epitaph). He was a member of the first " Provincial Congress," in .which he regarded himself as fully committed to the risk of his personal safety. Returning therefrom he called his children around him, told them of the stand he had taken, and added, " If the cause shall prevail it will be a great benefit to the country, but if it shall fail, your poor old father's head will soon be a button for a halter." Some of his sons were in the field during a great part of the Revolutionary contest. He had held a negro as property ; but, though he IfaA given the boy advantages for mental and moral improvement with his own children, he felt the inconsistency of holding a fellow-being in legal bondage while thus struggling for national independence, and pronounced him hence- forth free, whereupon Peter, in company with his mas- ter's sons, shouldered his musket and did good service in the common cause as a freeman. Mr. Stearns was tall in person and interesting in his pulpit perform- ances. He held the untiring attention of his audi- ence, whicli not unfrequently filled the seats and aisles of his meeting-house, while in pleasant weather a number stood around the doors and, windows. The following anecdote illustrates the dignity and influence of his character. He happened to pass through a room where a party of military officers were engaged in very free and profane conversation. The individual who was speaking at the time sud- denly stopped and seemed abashed. His comrades rallied him on his timidity as soon as Mr. Stearns disappeared ; and the officer's immediate reply was, " Parson Stearns would awe the devil." Of his published discourses, one was preached at an ordination, two on the occasion of a national fast; being especially designed to move the people aright during the Revolutionary war, one on " Early Piety," with a brief memoir of Samuel Lawrence ; two were on 1 John iv. 8 : " God is love," preached in Exeter, and published after his death at the request made to him in his last sickness by Hon. John Phillips, for the use of the members of the Academy. In a letter referred to in the Conc/regational Quarterly, January, 1868, page 3, Dr. Abbott, a former preceptor of Phillips' Exeter Academy, calls " Rev. Mr. Stearns, of Epping, the friend and favorite preacher of Dr. Phillips." Mr. Stearns was also intimately acquainted with Hon. Samuel Phillips, the founder of Phillips' Acad- emy at Andover, Mass., and he was one of the first trustees of that corporation, which now includes the theological seminary. He was deeply interested in the early training of the children of his parish, and he regalarly met them on Saturday afternoon in hjs meeting-house, whither they flocked from all parts of the town to be religiously instructed by their pastor, according to the order of the Assembly's Catechism. In the Essex Journal and Neti) Hampshire Packet of Aug. 27, 1788, is the following biographical notice, written, it is said, by Dr. Tappan, of Newbury, Mass., afterwards Professor of Divinity in Harvard Univer- sity : " Mr. Hoyt, — The Rev. Mr. Stearns, whose death was announced in your last, sustained a character too great and too good to be passed over in silence. The God of nature had imbued him with singular abilities, which by the aid of erudition fitted him for extensive usefulness. His assiduous application to the work of the ministry was truly worthy of imitation." In him shone an assemblage of virtues and graces which rarely meet in the same person. He had a lively fancy, a penetrating judgment, a correct taste, and a mind as expanded as the heavens. His conversation was ever seasonable, grave, pathetic, and instructive. His public discourses were replete with good sense, with iniportant truths in a clear and instructive light, and received the approbation of the best judges. He despised pageantry without the appearance of affectation. He trusted to nothing mortal, pitied but envied not such as had their por- tion in this life. His advice in council was often sought and ever approved. He had a constitutional firmness, and was capable of the most dispassionate reasoning. He repudiated errors, ancient and modern, and rejoiced to the last in his faithful adherence to the doctrines of grace. Elevated by the purer senti- ments, he ever possessed a mind calm and serene. God, who is all-wise in counsel, was pleased to try his faith and patience in the furnace of affliction. He died in the fifty-seventh year of his age, after a lingering and painful sickness. He had two wives: the first, Sarah Abbot, being the mother of six children; the second, Sarah Ruggles, also the mother of six children, among whom was Rev. Samuel Stearns, pastor of the Con- gregational Church in Bedford, Mass., who was grad- uated from Harvard, and whose five sons — four of them graduates of the same university — have been eminent as preachers and educators. William, the youngest son of Rev. Josiah Stearns, was born Nov. 23, 1773. According to the custom in those days of binding apprentices from the ages of fourteen to twenty-one years, he was legally bound to Henry Ranlet, a printer of Exeter. Hon. John Phillips soon became so much interested in the boy that he offered to fit him for college. William was anxious to accept the offer, but Mr. Ranlet utterly refused to relinquish his legal claim to his services. The boy saw no way but to accept the situation, and apply himself diligently to the duties of his appren- ticeship. Soon after he became twenty-one, with a partner he published The American Herald of Liberty, a paper 230 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. that was commenced by Mr. Kanlet in 1785.^ Mr. Stearns also brought out some other publications, and "in 1795 or 1796 he was engaged in printing, and also binding, the first edition of the New Testa- ment ever issued in this State." ^ Probably but few copies of this edition were distributed, as the office was burned shortly after, and many parts of the Tes- taments were found in the street the morning fol- lowing the fire. A few years later Mr. Stearns removed to Epping, where he purchased a small farm, opened a store, and was appointed the first postmaster of the town. He held the offices of selectman and town clerk for many years, and represented the town in the Legislature several times. He was also justice of the peace, and his writings were noted for accuracy. He was tvvice married, his second wife being Abigail Eichards, daughter of Lemuel Howe, of Templeton, Mass. Her genealogy may be found in the family memorial, beginning with John Alden, of " Mayflower" fame. Their children were: 1, William Euggles, who died unmarried ; 2, Josiah Howe ; 3, Mary Elizabeth ; 4, Samuel Eichards, who died in childhood. The second, Eev. Josiah Howe Stearns, born Oct. 1, 1812, was graduated from Dartmouth College and Andover Theological Seminary. He married Eliza Kilby, daughter of John Kilby, Esq., of Dennysville, Me., where he was ordained and installed as pastor of the Congregational Church Nov. 6, 1844. Their children were : 1, Abby Thayer, married Frank W. Spaulding, M.D., a graduate of Bowdoin College and the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York, now a practicing physician in Epping. 2. William Charnock, who died in childhood. After the death of Mrs. Stearns, notwithstanding the mutual attachment between him and his people, the Congrega- tional Church in Epping, his native town, having been without regular preaching for two years, Mr. Stearns became its acting pastor, June 16, 1857, in which ca- pacity he has served until the present time. It is a singular coincidence that while his grand- father, during his ministry to the same people, preached the sermons referred to above in the inter- ests of the nation during the Eevolutionary struggle from the text, " Then all the children of Israel, and all the people, went up, and came unto the house of God, and wept, and sat there before the Lord, and fasted that day until even, and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings before the Lord, saying, Shall I yet again go out to battle against the children of Ben- jamin, my brother, or shall I cease? And the Lord said. Go up ; for to-morrow I will deliver them into thine hand" (Judges xxi. 26, 27, 28), that the present minister during the war of the Eebellion was 1 Quarterly Register, vol. xiii. p. 175. 2 Exeter News-LeUer, April 21, 1871. requested by Company A of the Eleventh Eegiment of New Hampshire Volunteers to preach to them on the Sabbath before they left home, Aug. 24, 1862, and he complied, taking for his text, " And he said. My presence shall go with thee." (Exodus xxxiii. 14.) Another connecting link between the ministry of the two exists in the fact that one of the last infants whom the grandfather baptized was received to full fellowship in the church eighty-six years later, in her old age, by the- grandson. Including the New Testament with what Paul says ofthe01d(2 Tim. iii. 16), Mr. Stearns believes that " all Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness," and that the best rule for public discourse is to take different classes of texts, containing the great variety of Scripture teach- ings, in the proportion in which they stand in the Bible, because God must know better than man in what proportion they are needed. Then he sees that following this rule is conductive to long pastorates, that thereby the minister may be duly active in the cause of temperance and every other genuine reform, and not be chargeable with dwarfing attention to any one subject. That his ministrations of the Word will be most productive of true converts, making stable Bible Christians, with broad views and gen- erous aspirations, building up themselves on their most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost (Jude 20), to be established in every good word and work (2 These, ii. 17). Mr. Stearns' genial manner and scholarly attain- ments have given him a conspicuous place in the Congregational ministry, while he is beloved as a pastor, and highly esteemed as a neighbor and citi- zen. (The photograph from which the accompanying portrait of Mr. Stearns was engraved was taken some years ago.) GEORGE W. PLUMER. George Washington Plumer, third son of Governor William Plumer and Sally Fowler, his wife, was born on the old Plumer homestead, Epping, N. H., Feb. 4, 1796. He received a good common-school educa- tion, supplemented by a three years' course at Atkin- son Academy, New Hampshire, from which he was graduated at fifteen. Here he had the association of two sons of John Q. Adams, James Wilson, and she who afterwards was the celebrated Mrs. Harriet Liver- more, with others of some abilities, among whom he was equal in standing, in studies, and in social posi- tion. After his .'^chool life he engaged one year as clerk for Gen. Upham, in Portsmouth, from 1811 to 1812 or 1813. He then returned to Epping, and went into general merchandising in company with his brother Samuel. In this pursuit they continued until 1837, and were the leading business men of this section. 5 /^ V - u Lu/yiAjL/r EPPING. 231 having in connection with their Epping store a store at Gilmanton, another at Brentwood, and a manufac- tory of shoes at Epping. The country stores of those days were the exchange bureaus of the farmers. There the commodities of the farm or the forest were exchanged for the necessary articles of clothing and household supplies, and the enterprise of the mer- chant was the factor tending most to increase the wealth and prosperity of the section, even while seek- ing chiefly personal advantage. The principles of the men of that day were their convictions, the convictions of deliberate judgments and pure and unselfish patri- otism. In these they were persistent and conscien- tious. Their glowing love of country, their lofty in- dependence, their devoted courage, all were the results of close observation and close, connected habits of thought, the New England intellect fol- lowing its habitual " ideas" to completeness in con- crete matters. To deal with such men year after year from an extended section, to keep their patronage and their good will while working for profit, requires not only a high degree of business ability, but a straight- forward honesty of purpose and integrity, and also a facility in reading men and motives, a shrewdness and practical common sense that would insure success in many more aspiring stations in life. These charac- teristics were shown by these our merchants in a marked degree, and the " Plumer Store" was well patronized and enjoyed the reputation of the utmost fair dealing, and the merchants were high in the esteem of their associates. Mr. Plumer married Betsey, daughter of Samuel and Betsey (Cilley) Plumer, Sept. 19, 1824. The next spring he moved to his farm of sixty acres, which by various purchases and additions at last was enlarged to over two hundred broad acres. In the quiet domes- tic scenes of agricultural life he was engaged until December, 1837, when he removed to Epping, built the house now for so many years his home, on a part of the " old homestead," and retired with an ample com- petency from active business. He has been quite a dealer in real estate, owning lands in Illinois, Iowa, etc. Like his father, he has been a close and keen observant of the political horizon, and although keep- ing out of the active current he has been largely in- terested in the many and great reforms he has lived to see accomplished. In early manhood he was a Republican. This finally became the Democratic party. Later on for many years he was a Whig, and since then Republican. His first vote for President was cast for James Monroe, and he has voted at every Presidential election held since then, and at nearly every town-meeting. The only offices he would accept have been accorded him by a very compli- mentary vote of his townsmen. He has represented Epping in the Legislature, has been selectman, and nearly all his life, from an eligible age, a justice of the peace. Mr. Plumer is a large man physically and mentally. Of close, logical powers of thought, he is tenacious of his opinions, but has ever taken care that his opinions have a substratum of reason. He has always enjoyed the esteem of the better element of community, and although stern and unswerving in his opposition to wrong, believes that the reformation of the criminal and not the pain inflicted upon him is the object for which justice seeks. Consequently he would natur- ally be found advanced and liberal in matters of religious thought, and we find him, and his intelli- gent wife as well, in full accord with the doctrines of Universalism, and an able and chivalrio supporter of them. His hospitable roof has covered many of its leading speakers, notably the celebrated Hosea Ballou and Abel C. Thomas. His home circle has been cheered by an amiable, loving, and devoted wife and his children,— George W., died July 11, 1881, aged fifty-four years ; Sarah E. (Mrs. F. V. Noyes, of Bil- lerica, Mass.) ; Catherine J. (Mrs. James B. Pierson, of Epping). With his magnificent proportions, his erect figure, his locks covered with the frosts of age, George W. Plumer, in his eighty-seventh year, looks like a noble specimen of the hale, honest, and upright New Eng- lander of a century ago, and we can but wish that the coming of the night of life may be in his case very far away. Confucius, in his five classes of men, describes one as " philosophers.'! "They are they who, in their words, their actions, and in the general con- duct of their lives, never depart from the line of strict rectitude; who do right because it is right; whose passions are subdued; who are always the same in adversity and prosperity ; who speak when they ought to speak, and are silent when they ought to be silent, having firmness enough not to conceal their senti- ments when it is proper to utter them, although they should lose thereby their fortunes or their lives; who despise no one, nor prefer themselves to others ; who are not content to derive their knowledge from ordi- nary sources, but push their investigations to the fountain-head, so as to free their knowledge from all mixture of error; not discouraged when they fail, nor proud when they succeed." In placing Mr. Plumer in this class we will receive the approbation of those who have known him long and well. DANIEL W. LADD. Daniel Ladd was the first of the name who settled in America, and probably the ancestor of all the families bearing this patronymic in New England, and was descended from an ancient family of the county of Kent, in England, who were landed proprietors as early as the fifteenth century.^ He sailed from London, accompanied by his wife Ann, March 24, 1638, in the ship " Mary and John," Robert Sayers, master. He first settled at Ipswich, 1 Burke's Landed Gentry. Eng. Baronetage, vol. iv. General Armory. 232 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Mass., where he was admitted a townsman, an import- ant privilege in those days, and had an allotment of land. His name is the fifth on the list of sixty-eight who founded the town of Salisbury in 1638.' In 1640 he, in company with eleven others, removed to Pawtucket, on the Merrimac River, and organized the town of Haverhill, in which he held a prominent position, and lived respected and honored to an ad- vanced age. He died July 27, 1693.^ Nathaniel Ladd, the fourth in lineal descent from Daniel, the English ancestor, and the first native per- manent resident of the name iu Epping, was horn in the easterly part of the town, near Lamprey River, in 1745. He married Mary Ames, of Canterbury, and built on the North River road a handsome house upon an attractive estate, which was occupied by him- self and his descendants for nearly a century. He died July, 1798. His widow died in 1829. Their graves are a short distance westerly from the camp- ground of the Methodist Association. He was a man of cultivated tastes, and published some essays on moral and economical subjects. He had James, Na- thaniel, Daniel, Mary, and John. James Ladd, of Hereford, Lower Canada, married Elizabeth Gould, of Hamlin, and had Mary A., James G., Betsey G., Nathaniel Gould, Zoroaster, Seneca, Eudocia, Ira W., Sophronia, William, and Susan Laurett. Nathaniel Gould Ladd, M.D., of Maiden, married Abigail V. Mead, and had William S., Helen, Smith M., Wesley, Mary F., Marshall, and Abie Josephine. William S. Ladd, banker, of Portland, Oregon, mar- ried Caroline Elliot, and has William M. and Charleg E., who are graduates of Amherst College. Nathaniel Ladd, the second son, married Dorothy Smith, of Epping, in 1793. He died in the Island of Trinidad, 1818. He had Nathaniel, Dorothy, and Daniel Watson. Nathaniel, the grandson of the common ancestor, became a clergyinan. He married Mary Folsom, nie Gordtm, and had Louisa, Mary J. A., Daniel W., and Olivia E. V. „ Daniel W., son of Rev. Nathaniel, married L(Ucy Ann Dustin, and had Eliza Ann, who has received the degree of M.D. from Boston University ;■ Na- thaniel W., Joseph F. G., and John S., all of whom are graduates of Dartmouth College. Dorothy Ladd married Winthrop Hilton, of New Market. Daniel Ladd, of Stewartstown, the third son of the first Nathaniel, married Elizabeth Goodwin, and had two children. Mary Ladd, daughter of the said Nathaniel, mar- ried Elisha Sanborn, of Loudon, and died at the age of forty-five. John Ladd, M.D., of Epping, the youngest son of Na- thaniel, the common ancestor, was born Jan. 28, 1782. 1 N. E. Hist, and Gen, Reg., vols. iii. viii 2 Hist. Haverhill.— Cliase. Eeo. Ips., Feb. 5, 1637. He was a student of Phillips' Exeter Academy, when the death of his father occurred and interrupted the course of classical studies which he had intended to pursue in preparation for entering the medical pro- fession. By teaching school he obtained the means of accomplishing his purpose, and commenced the study of medicine with the eminent Dr. Lyman Spaulding, president of the College of Surgeons, New York University, Western District, from which school he received his degree. He was commissioned upon the medical staff of the Eleventh Regiment United States Infantry in the war of 1812. From 1806 to 1829 he was a resi- dent of Lee, in the county of Strafford, where he was elected to various responsible ofiices. He was an ac- tive member of the Jefiersonian Republican party, and was invited to deliver occasional public addresses. He wrote with facility in prose and verse, and was a frequent contributor to the newspapers of the day. His range of information was extensive, especially in history, philosophy, and theology. His opinions were broad, liberal, and hospitable to all forms of faith. At his house clergymen of all classes always found a cordial welcome, and it is worthy of note that there for nearly thirty years, with only incidental interruptions, a religious Conference meeting was held every week, which friends of various denominations in the neighborhood were accustomed to attend. He married Profinda Robinson, of New Market, in 1806. Both died in August, 1845. Their children were Caroline P., who died in 1843, at the age of thirty-six years ; John S., born July 2, 1809 ; and Mary A., born in 1816. John S. Ladd, of Cambridge, Mass., a graduate of Dartmouth College of the class of 1885, and member of the Massachusetts bar, was president of the Com- mon Council of the city of Cambridge in 1851, and member of the General Court in 1845, '46, '47, and in 1852, and of the Constitutional Convention of 1853. He was appointed judge of the Police Court for the District of Cambridge iy 1854. His first wife, Ade^ia Babson, of Rockport, died June 6, 1842. He married Mary A. Butler, of Bedford, Sept. 5, 1847. Their chil- dren were Babson S., born Sept. 6, 1848 ; Mary Adelia, who died in infancy ; Mary Butler, born Dec. 27, 1851 ; Allston Channing, born June 20, 1854; and John Franklin, Nov. 30, 1856. Babson S. Ladd, of Bo.ston, a graduate of Harvard University of the class of 1870, and member of the Suffolk bar, married Ella Cora Brooks, daughter of Hon. John W. Brooks, of Milton, Mass., and has Paul Dean, born Feb. 16, 1880. Story Butler Ladd, a graduate of Harvard Univer- sity Science Department, 1878, and member of the bar of the District of Columbia, married Eliza Brig- ham Paine, daughter of Maj.-Gen. Holbert E. Paine, of Washington, D. C. Daniel Watson Ladd, son of Nathaniel and Dor- othy (Smith) Ladd, was born at Concord, N. H., May 21, 1798. His immediate ancestors were natives of /^^c^-.s^'^yv^j/S^^c^ EPPING. 233 Epping, as given above. When only six weeks old he was adopted by his aunt Lydia Watson and uncle Daniel Watson (his parents having passed away at that time), by whom he was treated with the utmost tenderness. His advantages for education werq lim- ited to the public schools and private instruction by Eev. Mr. Holt, pastor Congregational Church at Ep- ping. He was a fine scholar, and diligently improved his opportunities. His rapid progress, literary tastes, considerate and affable deportment made him a favor- ite with his fellow-students and teachers. During all his active life, amid the many duties ai'ising from various departments of business, he ever found time to gratify his taste for reading. He never made any pretensions to scholarship, nor boasted his intellectual acquisitions, yet he was, in the true sense of the term, an educated man aud of rare culture. He loved the old English authors, and was conversant with ancient and modern writers, aud held daily converse with the rich treasures of the Bible, which he studied for light and knowledge, and that book was emphatically a lamp to bis feet. He commenced business with Dan- iel Watson, then a merchant at Epping Corners, and assisted him in keeping public hotel at the Watson mansion, supervising his large landed estate in Epping and e^ewhere, and at his death succeeded to his property. He was particularly fortunate in his domestic rela- tions. He married Rebecca, daughter of Samuel Plumer and Betsy Cilley, his wife, in 1820. She was born Feb. 16, 1799 ; was granddaughter of Gen. Jo- seph Cilley, of Revolutionary fame, aud is now living, her mental faculties unimpaired, at the advanced age of eighty-three years. Their children were Daniel W., born Aug. 29, 1821 ; Sarah P., born Dec. 27, 1822, died Feb. 24, 1854. She was a person of rare excellence of character, and her memory is precious indeed. Samuel P., died in infancy ; Lydia Watson, born Jan. 28, 1827 ; and S. Plumer, born Feb. 19, 1829. Mr. Ladd was pre-eminently a business man; in connection with the management of his ^large landed estate he was for many years director of Rockingham Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company. In legal matters many preferred his counsel to that of professional lawyers, and such was the confidence reposed in the soundness of his judgment and his ability that his services were always in demand, and much of his time given to probate business,— referee trials, justice cases, and as pension agent, in which latter business he was very successful, seldom losing a case. He was an able and effective defender of any cause he espoused. He never under any circumstances yielded his convictions of right to the dictates of ex- pediency, nor trimmed his sails for the uncertain breeze of popular favor. In sympathy, however, with every good enterprise, he was willing to go with the tide of apparent progress when its movements were to him in the right direction. In all public matters in which he was interested, his judicious counsel, en- ergy, and perseverance assigned him a foremost posi- ,tion, while his keen logic made him a formidable op- ponent. His resolute courage, quiet nervous force, and indomitable will surmounted all obstacles with- out seeming effort. He was punctual to every duty presenting itself in all the varied departments of ac- tivity of his useful, instructive, and exemplary life. The; crowning glory of his noble character was that deep, earnest reverence for aud submission to the will and guidance of his Heavenly Father. No man was ever more truly a Christian. He looked through every act and circumstance back to the guiding hand of a Heavenly Father, and reverently said, " It is well." In all those intimate and tender relations of the fam- ily, — son, husband, father, — he was all that each of those names implies in its most noble sense. He ever gratefully referred to the providential hand which led him into the pure and healthful home atmosphere of his foster-parents, to the tender care of the beloved sister of his amiable aud accomplished mother, who was every way fitted for the charge. These parents lived to see their fondest hopes and brightest antici- pations realized, while he grew up to reciprocate, as only noble natures can, the wealth of affection be- stowed on him by loving deeds and an unwearied care and tender devotion to their happiness and comfort in all the years of their lives. As a husband and father, he was kind, loving, indulgent, and the warm affection of his wife and children demonstrates ^ts power and intensity. He was a Democrat. This, in a man like him, means a close and logical analysis of the systems un- derlying political creeds, and acceptance of that tend- ing most to benefit the world, and his warmest sym- pathies and earnest labors were for the perpetuity of the Constitution, which, like Thomas Jefferson and other exponents of Democracy, he deemed the bul- wark of our liberties, and every departure from its teachings a wandering from the truth and a peril to national existence. Amid all the political storms of his period he kept the Constitution as his chart, and was firm and unshaken by the blasts of passion and prejudice. Never ambitious for official preferment, he declined inflexibly highest honors. At the Demo- cratic Congressional Convention at Epping, where he was chairman, he was unanimously selected by the leaders of the party and urged to take the nomination for member of Congress, but he could not be persuaded, and giving his influence to his esteemed friend Tris- tram Shaw, he was nominated and elected. He once reluctantly consented to represent his town in the Legislature, serving them with ability and fidelity, but never again would allow his name to be used for any office. For his friends he would labor with un- tiring zeal, and here a prominent and marked feature of his character was shown. He was never envious, rejoicing always in the success and welfare of all. From early years he was a prayerful student of the Bible. He read it as if God through it was holding 234 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. personal converse with him. With all the strength and firnaness of the early martyrs he believed in " th^ Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost," and lived a •life of faith on the Son of God. His religion was in the heart, elevating and ennobling his entire nature. For years he belonged to the Methodist Episcopal Society, and was in full sympathy with it ; but when political strife disturbed the holy air, and in plage of the harmony and peace resulting from the faithful preaching of "Jesus Christ and him crucified" po- litical faction and hatred took its place in the pulpits, he could no longer feel it his home. The policy of false expediency never held empire in his mind. He deeply deplored the severance of his church relations, but, strong in his conscious sense of right, he gave his example as an argument and a protest against such profanation. He ever sought the health and prosperity of his soul from him alone " who hath the words of eternal life;" and always from a child at- tributed his success in material things to his Heavenly Father's blessing, and was always submissive to his will. His Christian benevolence was as quiet and unobtrusive as the giver. None knew of his charity save the recipient. His love for education caused this benevolence to be manifest in a munificent manner, as will be seen by this extract from his will : " I give and bequeath'unto Josiah H. Stearns, James L. Rnndlett, and John L.Folsom, all of Epping, George W. Kitteridge, of New Market, and Perley Robinson, of Fremont, three thousand dollars, in trust, to establish and maintain an Academy for the instruction of Youth in Ep- ping, to be located North Westerly of the public Cemetery, and to be called the Watson Academy, and desire them to manage and direct said school as a board of Trustees, and in case of a vacancy in their number the same is to be iilled by the remaining Trustees." Two prominent traits of Mr. Ladd are here brought out, — filial affection and gratitude to his dear foster- parents and a high appreciation of education. This last trait often caused him to give advice to young men, which brought rich fruit and was gratefully cherished. His only other public bequest was to the Epping Central Cemetery, for improving and beauti- fying the grounds, which was the last resting-place of the kind benefactors of his youth. A single glance at the lifelike likeness accompany- ing this memoir will show the honest and earnest purpose actuating its possessor, and a strength of will and decision making a positive and rare individu- ality. He was a man of no weak convictions, but of high sense of honor, uncompromising integrity, love of right and ^atred of wrong, tempered by the ut- most aflJability, and a uniform courtesy and kindness to all, and a sincere desire to see others happy. His habits of life were simple and abstemious, free from ostentation. In personal appearance he was digni- fied, somewhat clerical, slightly above medium height, of fine elastic step, clear and full voice, and an enter- taining and instructive fund of conversation. His health was always delicate, yet he accomplished more than many robust men. During the last year of his life Mr. Ladd seemed reaching after every possible excellence, confidently leaning on his Father's «rm, trusting implicitly in His mercy as a staff" and a stay in his old age, as if conscious of his rapid approach to the regions of blessedness. Through the gathering twilight and along the shadowy way his faith and trust grew stronger; his spiritualized vision seemed to discern the mansion prepared for him in his Father's house in His kingdom above. Thus he fell asleep in Jesus, Easter Sunday, April 5, 1874. S. Plumer Ladd, son of Daniel Watson Ladd, named in honor of his grandfather, Samuel Plumer, a brother of Governor Plumer, a man of wealth and influence, and of great intellectual powers, was born on the 19th of February, 1829. He was educated at Phillips' Exeter and Hampton Falls Academies. He sustained the character of a good scholar; gifted with rare endow- ments of mind, he was generous, sympathetic, and persevering ; true to his convictions, an able defender of those principles he deemed to be right ; a Demo- crat, and an earnest worker in the political field. He is a farmer, and resides at "Eed Oak Hill;" married Sarah P. Dodge in 1853; has children, — Sarah P., Peter, Paul, Eebecca, Silas B. (died young), Lydia W., Evelyn L. (died in infancy), Ellen L., Clara M., Louis P., Laura J., Dexter, Harry, Samuel Y., and Cora B. Peter and Paul early evinced a creditable ambition to rely upon their own resources. Self- reliant, faithful to every trust, kind and courteous to all, they have secured an honorable record for integ- rity and truth in all their business relations. Daniel Watson Ladd (2) was born at the Watson mansion in Epping, N. H., Aug. 29, 1821. He was educated at South New Market, Hampton Falls, and Hampton Academies, where he is said to have main- tained the character of a fine scholar and a lover of books.. He married Dorothy E., daughter of Jona- than Thyng, Esq., of Epping. She was born March 1, 1828, and died June 9, 1881. Their children were Silvina W. (died young), Bina W., Charles W. (died young), Lizzie W. (died in infancy), Jenny W., Sylvia W. (Mrs. F. R. Hazelton, of Concord, N. H.), Daniel W. (3), and Alva W. Mr. Ladd is an earnest advo- cate of the education of the masses and elevation of the grade of instruction by the town, State, and na- tion. A total abstainer himself from spirituous liq- uors, he endeavors to raise all others to the safety plane of total abstinence. He was always a prohi- bitionist, ever a " woman's rights" man, and a friend to the progress, advancement, and improvements of the nineteenth century. ALVA W. LADD. Alva W. Ladd was born in Epping, March 27, 1862. He was son of Daniel W. Ladd (2d) and his wife Dorothy. He became a member of the Congrega- tional Church when but eleven years old, and until his premature death maintained the high character :> EPPING. 235 of that sacred relation. At the age of thirteen he, with his brother, Daniel Ladd (3d), entered Phillips' Exeter Academy. At his entrance he was the youngest student of the school, but he soon dis- played evidence of an unusual degree of talent and intellect, and in spite of his youth rose rapidly above his matured companions. He stood at the head of his class in moral, religious, and intellectual charac- ter, and was graduated in the class of 1880. He then entered Harvard University, and proved himself as capable there as at Exeter, entering with no condi- tions and three honors, a remarkable accomplishment. With the brilliant promise of a magnificent future his friends were forced to be content, for his devotion to study with a rapid succession of diseases sapped his constitution, and May 8, 1881, he died of hemor- rhage of the lungs at nineteen years of age. He was active and enterprising, never being willing to sub- mit to anything but the Divine Will, but always rec- onciled to that, even saying as h'is last hours passed away, " I am willing to go." The following extract from a letter written by Professor Perkins to Eev. J. H. Stearns tells more fully the esteem in which he was held by the faculty of Phillips' Exeter Academy : " My dear Sie, — I am surprised and deeply pained to hear of the death of A. W. Ladd. I did not know that he had been ill, and your note was the first intimation I had of this sad event. He went through our entire course of study, and was gradu- ated from our school, ranking in scholarship among the first in his class. He was a faithful, industrious, conscientious scholar, and made a diligent use of his opportunities. I believe he was a true Christian. He early identified himself with the work in the academy for cultivating and strengthening the in- fluence of Christian character, and in all his course here was consistent with his profession in his daily walk and conversation. I can recall no word or act of his which was likely to exert an influence hostile to the purest and best Christian sentiment." THOMAS FOLSOM. The Epping Folsoms come from that branch of the family so long resident in Exeter. Joshua Folsom, born in Exeter, 1719, in early life a shipwright, mar- ried Abigail Mead ; had two children born in Exeter, —Abigail, born 1744, and Thomas, born 1746. In 1746 he removed to Epping, became a large land- owner, built the first grist-mill at West Epping, and constructed many other mills all along the country to Sandwich, where he also built one. He was an active and very stirring man. He was a member of the Society of Friends, and from 1772 until his death a prominent preacher. He as such visited nearly all the Yearly Meetings in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania,- and it is said did more to establish his faith in Sandwich and form a society there than all others. He died in Epping, Dec. 20, 1793. His children born in Epping were Bettie, born 1748 ; Joshua, born 1750; John, 1753; Mary, 1755, married a Fry, of Kittery, Me.; Benjamin; Samuel; and Abi- gail, 1763, married Daniel B. Alley, and settled in Henniker, N. H. Benjamin Folsom, born Jan. 6, 1757, had but three months' "schooling" in his life, but through reading and native ability became well read ; remained on the old home of his father all his days ; was a farmer and mill-owner, but never labored hard, as he was a life- time suflferer from asthma. He was once elected rep- resentative from Epping, but refused to serve. He never meddled with politics, was a quiet, peaceful citizen, and notwithstanding his asthma attained the old age of ninety-three years, dying Aug. 26, 1850. He married, Sept. 14, 1782, Abigail, daughter of John Peaslee, of Newton, N. H., a lineal descendant of the distinguished Joseph Peaslee, the emigrant, who died in Haverhill, Mass., March, 1762 or '63. Their children were John, born Oct. 3, 1784; Mead, born July 10, 1785; Sarah, born July 2, 1787, married Israel Norris, of Epping ; Abigail M., born Jan. 27, 1797, married first, a Jones, of Gilmanton, second, Timothy Hanson, of Farmington (see biography) ; Hannah F., born Sept. 4, 1799, married David Saw- yer, of Newbury, Mass.; Thomas, born Feb. 13, 1802. Thomas Folsom had the education given by the common schools of the first of tlie century, supple- mented by six months attendance at the Friends' school in Providence, R. I. His uncle Thomas, from whom he was named, gave him a farm of two hun- dred and twenty acres of land, and he at once began practical life. He married. May 1, 1823, Sophia, daughter of Ephraim and Mary (Page) Morrill, of Berwick, Me. (For early history of Morrill family see biography of Charles E. Morrill, East Kingston.) After a number of years passed in farming and trad- ing, about 1842, Mr. Folsom purchased the mill priv- ilege at West Epping, then much out of repair, and constructed both grist- and saw-mills, still, however, attending to his farming. He was compelled after- wards to enlarge his facilities in both directions, and for many years of active life he attended to both. He still owns the grist-mill, but the business in both mills has been for some time in the hands of his sons. The children born to him and his worthy wife are Maria, born April 22, 1824, married Eben Merrill, of Araesbury, and died childless. George, born May 27, 1825, resides in California; has four children, — Mary A., George F., Edwin, and Charles A. Alvira M., born April 30, 1827, died young. Charles N., born July 1, 1829, died young. Abby P., born Feb. 11, 1831, died unmarried when about twenty. Mary E., born May 23, 1833, married Levi W. Hoag, and has six children — George E., Clement H., David F., Al- bert B., Mahlon, and Walter. Thomas Charles, born March 26, 1836, married Mary Bickford, and has five children, — Mable A., George F., Edwin S., Charles A., Mary E. He is a farmer and lumber manufacturer. 236 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. David E., born May 15, 1838, now owns a large sheep ranch in Montana, where he resides ; is a civil engi- neer, employed much of the time in surveying lands by United States government. He married Lucy T., daughter of Benjamin H. Jones, in January, 1878. Their children, George B. (died young) and David M. Thomas Folsom has been much in public afiairs. He has been an unswerving Democrat, has held all the important town Offices, has been selectman thir- teen years, auditor of accounts fifteen years, and was member of the Constitutional Convention of 1867. Plain and unostentatious, with a direct honesty of speech characteristic of the society of which he is a birthright member, probably no man in his native town stand higher than he in the regards of its best citizens. JOHN LEWIS FOLSOM. John Lewis Folsom was born on 'the old Folsom homestead, which he now owns, and where he has always resided, June 25, 1817. He is descended from Joshua P'olsom, who came from Exeter and settled in West Epping in an early day. For a more com- plete history of Joshua Folsom, see biography of Thomas Folsom, Epping. Joshua had children, one of whom was Benjamin, born on the 6th day of the First month, 1757; married Abigail Peaslee. She was born Twelfth month 3, 1760. They had chil- dren, of whom John Folsom was one, born Tenth month 3, 1783; married Mehitable Morrill, who was born Fifth month 18, 1790. Of this union the following children were born, viz. : Ann E., Mary P., John L., the subject of our sketch, Benjamin M., all born in Epping, N. H., and all married. John Fol- som was a farmer and miller by occupation, and a Democrat in politics. He was a member of the So- ciety of Friends, as his ancestors were, and as his descendants have 'been. He died First month 26, 1846. His wife still survives him, and is now (1882) in her ninety-second year. She has been a recorded speaker in the Society of Friends for a great many years. She still retains her faculties to a wonderful degree, is hale and hearty, and her name is cherished by her many friends. John Lewis Folsom received a common-school edu- cation, supplemented with about six months at the Friends' Academy at Providence, E. I. He has always been a farmer, and to-day owns some six hundred and fifty acres besides having given his only son one hun- dred. All of this large tract lies within three miles of West Epping. His buildings are among the best in the county. He has not confined himself to farm- ing alone, but has owned and run a saw- and grist- mill. At the present time and for a few years past, he has been engaged in the lumber and coal business. In politics he is a Democrat. H[e has been chairman of the selectmen of his town for several years, town treasurer many years, and Representative to the State Legislature in 1857 and 1858. He has also been ma- gistrate of his town. On the 29th day of the Ninth month, 1842, he married Mary Ann, daughter of Moses Beede, of Fremont, N. H. She was born Sec- ond month 28, 1816. Their children are, — (1) Charles E., born First month 24, 1845. (2) Abby B., born First month 20, 1848 ; she died Twelfth month 28, 1851. (3) Evelyn A., born Eighth month 23, 1852. Mr. Folsom is an enterprising and intelligent far- mer, and one of the best citizens in Epping. Like his fathers, he is a member of the Society of Friends. His son was educated at the Manchester Business College at Manchester, N. H. He is a Democrat in politics, and as such, though young, has been select- man four years anfi town treasurer several years. D. L. HAKVEY. Jonathan Harvey, a resident of Newburyport, Mass., about 1734, married Susanna George, of South Hamp- ton, N. H., and removed to Nottingham, N. H. He was a soldier in the French war, and was in engage- ment at Ticonderoga, N. Y. His fourth son, Jona- than, married Susan Hedlock, of South Hampton, settled in Nottingham, was a farmer in moderate cir- cumstances, reared a family of seventeen children, and died in 1845. His oldest son, James, born in 1780, married Lois Folsom Ladd, of Epping, in 1809, and became a resident of that town, dying there Jan. 26, 1855. He had three children who attained maturity, of whom Dudley Ladd Harvey was oldest. He was born Aug. 25, 1811, in Epping, N. H. He passed his early life with his father, a cooper and small farmer. He had limited common-school advantages for educa- tion. Has from early childhood led a life of hard and incessant labor, the first money earned by him being earned by coopering. TJds trade he followed for some time, but abandoned it for lumbering, farming, nur- sery-growing, etc. He began the world poor, but the results of a life of honest toil, with industry, economy, and business ability havegiven him a solid and worthy financial standing, showing him the owner in fee simple of more than three hundred broad acres of good farm- ing land. He was engaged in lumbering from the age of twenty to that of forty. Was commissioned captain in New Hampshire State Militia in 1836, and served as such for four years. He was appointed justice of the peace in 1846, and has served four years as select- man of Epping, being chairman three years. He was for six years a director of the Rockingham Fire In- surance Company of Epping, and trustee of Epping Savings-Bank. Mr. Harvey married April 8, 1835, Mary Swain, daughter of Jonathan and Sarah (Dearborn) Swain, of Epping. Their children w.ere Mary A. and Jona- than Swain. The latter died Oct. 8, 1876, aged twenty- five years. Mr. Harvey has all the requisite's of a model farmer, and ranks with the leading successful agricul- turists of this section. He has kept his eyes and ears J^r^sf" e^-y^i-^-r^ h EPPING. 237 open to all sources of information in his favorite field, and has become well and favorably known to a very large circle by his thirty years' contributions to the Boston Cultivator, Oermantown Telegraph, and other agricultural journals. He is an unassuming, useful, and respected citizen. J. C. BURLEY, The Burley family is of old-time Saxon origin, and the name has more than twenty-five different spell- ings, " Burley" and " Burleigh" being most general. Gyles Bredley was living in Ipswich, Jlass., in 1648, and was a commoner there in 1664. He was a planter and a man of means for those days. Felt's History of Ipswich says he left a widow (Elizabeth) and children, — Andrew, James, Giles, and John, — who, however, probably died before his father. His will, made July 18, 1668, disposes of real estate and per- sonal property, giving legacies of fifteen pounds each to his children, " to be paid in corne and cattle equally alike." James, above mentioned, born in Ipswich, Feb. 10, 1659, married (1) Rebecca Stacy, (2) Elizabeth ; removed to Exeter, N. H., where ! he became a resident, dying there in 1721, aged sixty- j two years. Thomas,^ third son of James, born April 5, 1697, had a son Thomas,^ born July 2, 1723 ; died June 1, 1805. He married Sarah, daughter of Thomas and Sarah (Gordon) Haley, purchased lands and set- tled in Epping, N. H., where his great-grandson, J. C. Burley, now resides. [The father of this Mrs. Burley was bora in 1692, and attained the remarkable age of ninety-six, dying in 1790. In 1695, when he was but three years old, his father, Sergt. Haley, was killed by Indians near Saco Fort.] This worthy couple had eight children, the youngest of whom was Thomas.' He was born Aug. 14, 1766, became a wealthy and influential farmer, married (1) July 21, 1798, Nancy, daughter of Capt. Benjamin Hoit ; (2) May 18, 1818, Mary, widow of Ezekiel Brown, and daughter of Gordon and Mary (Prescott) Lawrence. He was a very strong mjin, of vigorous health and great powers of endurance, and was well esteemed by the community. Capt. Benjamin Burley, son of Thomas' and Nancy (Hoit) Burley, was born April 10, 1803, married Nov. 7, 1826, Elizabeth Ann, daughter of Greenleaf and Jane (Nealey) Cilley, of Nottingham, N. H. She was a woman possessed of uncommon force of character, brilliant, energetic, kind-hearted, and greatly beloved sister of Hon. Joseph Cilley, of Nottingham, and Hon. Jonathan Cilley, member of Congress from Maine, and was born July 11, 1804, and died Oct. 3, 1.S76. Capt. Burley was a leading farmer of Epping, was of medium size, light complexion, fine and curly brown hair, with a mild blue eye which looked squarely at you. He was a man of more than ordinary executive ability, conducted his business matters successfully, was intrusted with many offices and positions, both in town and State, and discharg- ing them conscientiously, always had the approval of his constituents. He did not have a long life, dying June 26, 1861. Universalist in religious belief, the same broad charity which underlies that faith was the corner-stone of his life. "He believed in your goodness until you proved your own unworthiness, and even then his great heart threw out love to wel- come back the erring. A fri'end once, a friend forever. A man intuitively given the guardianship of orphans, and ever the poor widow's friend. He could not see grief without extending sympathy and consolation to the afflicted." He was a diligent, noble, pure-hearted man, and when he passed away the whole community felt the loss. He had two children, — Joseph C. and Nannie Jane (born Nov. 21, 1832; died Oct. 3, 1855). J. C. Burley was born on the homestead so long in the family, in Epping, N. H., Jan. 13, 1830. He re- ceived a thorough common-school education in his native town, inherited the landed estates of his an- cestors,. but was not content with the quiet monotony of a farmer's life, and in 1854 commenced his active business career as station agent of the Boston and Maine Eailroad, at Newmarket, N. H. Dec. 17, 1855, he married Sarah E., daughter of Samuel Haley, of Epping. From 1855 to the present Mr. Burley has been an exceedingly active and successful business man. Probably no man of his years in the town has ever done more than he, or been connected with more diversified fields of enterprise. On the death of his father he returned to North Epping to superintend the management of the home-farm and care for his mother through her declining years, and here, in a typical New England home, he has since resided. He has been chosen to fill the prominent and respon- sible town oflices, and in 1878 was elected county commissioner, which position he still occupies. He has been chairman of the board since 1881. He was chosen a director of Newmarket Bank, under the State law, and with that and its successor, the New- market National Bank, he has been connected for a quarter of a century. He has been president of the latter since 1879. He has also been president of Epping Savings-Bank since its organization. In 1871 he engaged in partnership with Hon. Samuel Plumer Dow in lumbering operations, which were continued, and successfully, until Mr. Dow's death, in 1S74. Mr. Burley was also an active promoter of the Eochester and Nashua Railroad, and assisted in its organization, and was chosen and is still a di- rector. Mr. Burley is probably the largest farmer of Ep- ping; is largely engaged in lumbering, his present partner being Col. Winthrop W. Dow, of Exeter. Republican in politics, is a stanch supporter of the Union. Universalist in religious belief, believes in showing his faith by his works ; and in all the various departments of his extended business he has shown 238 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. rare executive abilities, and far-reaching sagacity. This is amply proven by the results; and his great success has been the natural result of his quick com- prehension of a subject, his careful deliberation and conservative examination, and the steady tenacity with which he adheres to his course when he has marked it out. He has health to enjoy life, and a winning magnetism that, in a quiet way, makes him many friends. In private life he is characterized by modest and unassuming ways, great attachment to home and the home circle. His sister, Nannie, be- fore mentioned, was a lovely character of refined tastes, and the same strong affectionate nature. She was educated at New Hampton, and between her and her brother existed one of the strongest attachments,. Sociable and amiable, she was pleasing in her ways, had a large circle of friends. Mrs. Burley has been a congeiiial companion to her husband. Her willing hands, wise counsels, and ready and warm sympathy have largely aided in erecting the structure yf pros- perity. Their children are in the eighth generation of the American family, and are Nannie, born Oct. 5, 1857, married Harry W. Burleigh, of Franklin; Harry Benjamin, born May 26, 1867 ; 41ic*e, Sept. 23, 1870 ; Jennie Cilley, Sept. 10, 1872 ; and Benjamin Thomas, Nov. 26, 1874. To sum up, Mr. Burley is a broad and liberal gentleman, faithful to every trust, generous and active in encouraging everything to benefit humanity or improve the condition of his town or county, and enjoys the friendship of a large circle of the better element of society. JOHN HENRY PIKE. • John Henry Pike, son of William and Elizabeth Folsom (Hilton) Pike, was born in New Market, N. H., July 7, 1829. (For Pike family, see history of South Newmarket.) Quick and ready to learn, he took front rank in the district and private schools, which were his only educational advantages. When very young his father died, leaving his wife and four children in limited circumstances. Mrs. Pike kept her children with her and moved to Newmarket vil- lage to reside, but the illness of her sister, Mrs. Eli- phalet Dearborn, of Epping, called her for a season to attend to the management of Mr. Dearborn's house- hold. This temporary visit became a stay of years, which was only concluded by the decease of Mrs. Dearborn. Mrs. Pike was descended from Edward Hilton, grantee of Dover (see history of Dover), and was a woman of strong intellect, good judgment, and practical common sense. She was a successful teacher, and is now (March, 1882) living in good health and clear intellect at the advanced age of eighty-four, honored, loved, and respected by all who know her. Mr. Pike, then a young lad, accompanied her, and worked on the farm under Mr. Dearborn's supervision. He was a man of good judgment and ideas, liberal, kind-hearted, frank and outspoken, and the impress of his teaching and example in many ways was not lost upon the young lad earnestly longing to battle with the active world of business. When sixteen Mr. Pike worked one season as a farm hand for Nathan G. Prescott, father of ex-Governor Prescott ; then re- turning to Mr. Dearborn's, he was ill for two years. He then engaged as clerk for his brother-in-law, J. H. Prescott, a merchant trading in what was known as " the Plumer store." Here his need was met, and he soon manifested the qualities which have made him so successful a business man, and finding it so congenial to him soon purchased an interest, and entered into copartnership with Mr. Prescott, under firm-name of " J. H. Prescott & Co." They continued in trade at the Plumer store for two or three years, and then erected a store and dwelling at " Boar's Head," whither they transferred their business, and, in connection with Robert Pike, started the little village existing at that point. Mr. Pike, after a partnership of five years at that place, bought Mr. Prescott's interest, and continued alone until about 1858, when he sold out and removed to Brooklyn, N.Y., and engaged in trade as a merchant of hardware, paints, oils, etc. His business was lucra- tive, but his health failed, and after only nine months' residence there, by medical advice, he returned to the pure air of Epping, and purchased the Prescott place, where D. L. Harvey now resides. Here he worked as a farmer for two years, building up largely his health and strength. He then removed to " Boar's Head," and again began merchandising, which he continued " off and on" till 1860. He also com- menced to operate in wood and lumber, buying wood lots, getting off the timber, and then selling the land, and was one of the first, if not the very first, to fol- low this as a business in the town. This business he still continues, and extensively, and he has amassed property rapidly in this as in all other branches of trade in which he has engaged. He was for fifteen years intimately connected with and in partnership with the late Hon. Samuel Plumer Dow, and in all their multifarious and complicated affairs there was never an unpleasant word or an inharmonious inter- view. He has also been connected in business with J. 0. Burley, W. N. Dow, and others, and their busi- ness relations have but strengthened the ties of friend- ship. In 1862, Mr. Pike entered into trade at Epping Corners, but that business was given to his son, John Q. Pike, who is now in trade. Mr. Pike has also dealt largely in real estate, bought and sold stocks, mortgages, etc., and has been and is the most successful business man in Epping. Yet in all his extensive and varied interests he has never been sued nor has he ever sued any one. Quiet and un- ostentatious, he has shrank from political honors and preferment, neither caring for nor seeking office, but has been town clerk three terms, chairman board of selectmen three terms, and town treasurer. Although often solicited to accept higher positions, he has ^?^?: ''%h -, -. /{^, /_;;,. Af^ li'CiaL A Dioi/Jia./'\_ Tli^, EPPING. 239 steadily refused to leave his private business. In politics he has ever been an unswerving Democrat. Mr. Pike married Oct. 9, 1850, Eliza J., daughter of William and Deborah (Davis) Thompson. She was born in Middletqn, N. H. Their children are William H., of Brooklyn, N. Y. ; John Q., a merchant of Epping ; Charles Edward, a druggist in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; and Albert Hilton, a student in his third year at Phillips' Exeter Academy. In connection with others, Mr. Pike started the Ep- ping Savings- Bank. He has been chairman of its in- vesting committee, and by his personal attention and business foresight he has made it a iinancial success, causing it to pay a dividend of five per cent, when other banks were paying but four. The qualities which enabled Mr. Pike to rise from the- poor circumstances of his boyhood to the po- sition of wealth and standing as a business man which he now occupies (the largest tax-payer of his town) have been a keen, quick perception, an intui- tive knowledge of cause and effect, a steady deter- mination to do exactly as he agreed, keeping his word in business matters involving pecuniary loss, even though not legally obliged to do so. A case in point : In one of his early timber operations he ver- bally agreed to sell one hundred cords of bark at seven dollars per cord to certain parties. Within a few months the price advanced to fourteen dollars per cord. Notwithstanding this rise Mr. Pike deliv- ered the bark at the price first named, thus volun- tarily assuming the loss of seven hundred dollars. He is essentially a self-made man, and his life, al- though his health has always been delicate, has been one of steady and active devotion to business. His great success has been the natural result of his ability to readily examine and comprehend any subject pre- sented to him, power to decide promptly, and courage to act with vigor and persistence in accordance with his convictions. In carrying out his designs for per- sonal advancement he has been public-spirited, as is shown by his disposition of the George Lawrence place, where he now resides, where he has sold off building-lots, built houses, improved and beautified it, so that the appropriate name of Pleasant Street has been given to it. H. B. BTJRNHAM, M.D. Hosea Ballou Burnham, son of Miles and Salome (Hall), daughtei: of David Hall, was born in Chester, now Auburn, N. H., Oct. 15, 1829. Miles Burnham was born in Northwood in 1793. (His father's name was Jacob. He was son of Paul Burnham, of Dur- ham, N. II., who was born in Essex, Mass.) He passed his early life in Boston, was a carpenter by trade, and became a merchant and hotel- keeper in Chester. He had six children, of whom Dr. Burn- ham was third. He was a steadfast adherent to the principles of political economy enunciated by Thomas Jefferson and others of that school. His death oc- curred Sept. 30, 1850; that of his wife Sept. 29, 1881. Jacob, the earliest of the name we can now trace, was a farmer in Northwood and Nottingham, one of the sturdy yeomanry of those early days, and with his vigorous constitution lived to the advanced age of ninety-two years, dying in 1836. The Burnham family is of English ancestry, and the American starting-point is Essex, Mass. Dr. Burnham received his education at the common schools of Chester until he was thirteen, then at- tended Gilmanton Academy, New Hampshire Con- ference Seminary, at Sanborntown Bridge (now Til- ton), N. H., and Wesleyan University, at Middletown, Conn. He began the study of medicine with the late William D. Buck, M.D., a physician of high repute in Manchester, N. H. He attended medical lectures at Berkshire Medical Institution, Pittsfield, Ma,ss., Harvard Medical College, Boston, and Vermont Medi- cal College, Woodstock, Vt., from which latter school he was graduated in 1853. During his student life he taught in the public schools of the city of Manchester. Immediately upon graduation he opened an office at Lawrence, Mass., and entered into the general practice of medicine. His stay here was short, and in the fall of 1854 he removed to Epping, where he has ever since been engaged in the active practice of his profession. His whole time has been given to the demands of this practice, and he has been very suc- cessful, acquiring a high standing among the medical men of this section of the State, and is quite noted as a surgeon, having performed successfully many of the difficult operations in surgery. He has always been a diligent student, and has kept in the front rank of the progressive physicians of the day. He has been county physician since 1871, and has had entire medical charge of the Rockingham County Institution, and the insane asylum connected there- with. He is a member of the New Hampshire Med- ical Society, American Medical Association, and of the Kockingham Medical Society, of which he is president. He was appointed examining surgeon in the United ' States Pension Department, Nov. 15, 1872, and still retains the ofiice. Dr. Burnham has not remained an idle spectator of events, but has largely interested himself in matters appertaining to the improvement, development, and education of the community, and has been superin- tendent of school committee thirteen years. He has never swerved from the Democratic principles of his ancestors, but has held aloof from politics, having no desire or craving for political preferment; but has his fifth commission as justice of the peace, his first one being dated in 1855. He is a member and Past Master of Sullivan Lodge, No. 19, F. & A. M., of 'Epping, and is a member of St. Alban Chapter, No. 15, of Exeter. Dr. Burnham is a man of fine phys- ique, of culture and refinement, and is possessed of more than ordinary social qualities that endear him 240 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. to a large circle. As a business man he takes high rank, and has been financially very successful. He was first treasurer of Epping Savings-Bank, and is now one of its trustees. Broad and liberal in all things, he freely concedes to all the right to differ from him in opinion, but holds with firmness to his own, which is only adopted after a careful examina- tion of the subject. He is Unitarian in religious belief. SHERBURNE FOGG. The Fogg family is closely identified with the early history of Epping. The first of the name moved here from Hampton, and settled near the centre of the town, upon the place now owned by Daniel W. Ladd, and a field opposite the Methodist Episcopal Church is still called the " Fogg field." This ^as Col. Seth Fogg, a tanner, shoemaker, and farmer. His first wife was a Philbrick. This family numbered seven children, — Sally, born March 7, 1758 ; David, born Aug. 16, 1759; Caleb, born March 17, 1761; Jonathan, born Oct. 4, 1764; Sherburne, born Oct. 17, 1768; Polly, born June 23, 1770; Seth, born Nov. 30, 1771. The second marriage of Col. Seth Fogg was with a Mrs. Smith, and this union was blessed with one daughter, Eleanor, born Oct. 29, 1777. Eleanor married Dr. George Kittredge, of Newmarket, and was the mother of Dr. George Kitti-edge, 2d, who re- cently died at Newmarket. Of the birth of Col. Seth Fogg we find no record, but we learn from the family Bible of Sherburne Fogg that he diad Nov. 20, 1806, and his first wife's death occurred June 1, 1774. He was a colonel in the militia ; in religion a Congregationalist, but not a church-member. He was constant in his attendance upon church services, and remarkably strict in his observance of the Sab- bath. He remembered the church in his will and left one hundred dollars, the interest to be paid an- nually to " a learned minister of the gospel." Also a like sum, the interest to be paid annually to a "grammar-school master." The ministry and schools still have the benefit of this gift, known as " Fogg's donation." We find the name of both wives of Col. Fogg upon the records of the Congregational Church in Epping, showing that they were fully identified with that body. Their children were baptized by Rev. Josiah Stearns, pastor of the church at that time, grand- father of the present pastor. At the baptism of each it is recorded, " on the mother's account." Sherburne Fogg was the fifth child of Col. Seth Fogg. He was twice married, — first to Mehitable Maloon, of Epping, July 15, 1792, when about twenty- four years of age. Her family came from Meredith to this place. She was born May 10, 1769, and died Oct. 3, 1835. Their children numbered seven, viz. : their first was a son, born Jan. 18, 1793, and died without a name, Feb. 27, 1793. Seth was born Dec. 18, 1793 ; Maria, born June 27, 1796 ; Jonathan, bora Oct. 18, 1798 ; Franklin, born July 4, 1801 ; Jesse, born Feb. 21, 1805 ; Euth, born Nov. 7, 1808. Ruth married David Fogg, and was the mother of Martin V. B. Fogg. His second wife was Mrs. Hannah Sargent, of Brentwood, to whom he was married Nov. 14, 1839. Her maiden name was Hannah Hubbard. She died March 19, 1855, aged seventy years. The farm and home of Sherburne Fogg was on "Red Oak Hill," three-fourths of a mile north from the centre of the town. It contains about one hun- dred acres, and was originally two farms, owned re- spectively by Benjamin Sanborn and Capt. John Chandler, father of Gen. John Chandler, of Maine. There was a garrison on this farm, the cellar of which can now be pointed out. Here all his children were born. He was a farmer of average intelligence, in- dustrious habits, and accumulated a good property. In politics he was a Democrat. He subscribed to no particular religious belief, but the family attended the Methodist Church after its organization, and here he contributed for the support of preaching. It was his custom to give the early preachers stationed at Epping a tree standing in the forest, which, after being converted into cord-wood by them, he would draw to the parsonage. His last days were quietly passed in the family of his grandson, Martin V. B., whom he made his heir, and here, upon the farm where he had lived and labored so many years, he passed away, Oct. 10, 1857, at the ripe old age of eighty-nine years. The engraving accompanying this sketch is from a picture taken two years before his death. M. V. B. FOGG. Martin Van Buren Fogg was born in Epping, April 6, 1834. His father was David Fogg, born in Enfield, July 29, 1809, and died in Epping, April 18, 1862. His mother was Ruth Fogg, daughter of Sherburne Fogg (whose engraving and biographical sketch ap- pear in this work). She died July 31, 1835. Their children numbered three, viz. : Lucy Maria, born Jan. 11, 1830. She married Davenport Morrison, of Fair- lee, Vt, where she died June 16, 1868, leaving nine children. Andrew Jackson, born Dec. 19, 1831. He married Mary Emma Willis, of Exeter, and resides there. They have one son. David Fogg's second mar- riage was with Irene Burnham, daughter of Jacob Burnham, of Nottingham. She was born June 23, 1809, and died in Epping, Aug. 4, 1874. They had two children,— Lewis Everett, born Oct. 6, 1843. He married Ellen Pitkin Newhall, daughter of Rev. Matthew Newhall, of Greenland, June 23, 1872. They reside in Epping, and have one son. Mary Adelaide, born Oct. 14, 1852. April 16, 1874, she united in marriage with Harold W. Windram, of Lynn, Mass., where she died Feb. 20, 1876. David 'i»;7 ''fj AH P,.ltxhxe c^. '^- SHERBUENE FOGG. EPPING. 241 Fogg's father was Jesse J. Fogg, born in Enfield in 1785. He died there Sept. 5, 1820. His mother was Lucy Pierce. She died in Kensington, Dec. 31, 1827. His grandfather was David, son of Col. Seth Fogg (see sketch of Sherburne Fogg). He was twice mar- ried. His first wife was Catharine Barber; his second, Euth Dustin. David Fogg was for some years a land- lord at Epping Corner, so was his grandson David in years after. The old hotel is still standing, and is known as the " Fogg stand.'' Martin from early boyhood was a favorite grand- child of Sherburne Fogg. When fifteen years of age he went to live with his grandfather. Here he labored upon the farm, attending school in the winter. His education was limited to the instruction received in the district schools of those days. When he became of age arrangements were made for his permanent stay with his grandparents. On the 26th of March, 1855, he was united in marriage with Euth Jane, daughter of Sherburne EoUings, of Epping. She died April 30,- 1S74. Her mother was Nancy Sanborn, of Epping. Two children were born to them, — Edson, born July 30, 1856. He married Georgianna, daughter of Dr. Sanborn, of Kingston. Hedied April 16, 1874. Emma Jane was born Sept. 7, 1860. The second wife of Mr. Fogg was Annie Martha Swain, daughter of Eichard and Sarah Sherburne Swain, of Barrington. She was born Oct. 1, 1839. Mr. Fogg partook largely of his grandfather's characteristics. He was a practical, ca- pable farmer, a man of excellentjudgment. For over twenty years he was more or less engaged in dealing in cattle and wood and lumber. In politics he was a Democrat; has served the town as selectman, collector of taxes, etc. He died of apoplexy, March 14, 1882. His funeral was largely attended at the jMethodist Church, the pastor, Kev. James Thurston, officiating. We quote from his address: "He was a descendant of an ancient and honorable family, among the early settlers of the town. It is something to say that Martin Fogg brought no reproach on the name. He was a man of fair intelligence, of industrious and thrifty habits, of honesty in all his dealings, of decided con- victions, self-respectful, aflfectionately attached to his own, a true husband, a loving father, a faithful brother, a good neighbor, a respectable and useful citizen. And now he is gathered to his fathers, hav- ing fallen in the prime of middle life." B. B. MOOKE, M.D. Edward Bucknam Moore, M.D., was born in Lan- caster, N. H., June 12, 3801; died suddenly of an- gina pectoris, in Chelsea, Mass., Sept. 16, 1874. His ancestors on the paternal side trace their descent from Col. Jonathan Moore, a British officer, who is believed to be of Scotch origin. His sword is pre- served as an heirloom in the family of C. K. Moore, of Parsonfield, Me. The colonel had two sons, Jonathan and William (1st). William had four 16 sons, — William (2d), Coffin, Harvey, and Peter. These four came to America long before the Eevo- lution (at what precise date is not known), and set- tled in New England. Their descendants are now scattered throughout the United States. William (2d) married a sister of Col. Peter Gilman, of Strat- ham, N. H., by whom he had five sons, among whom was William (3d), who was taken by the In- dians in one of their incursions, and he resided or was detained among them for many years ; Coffin (2d), Peter, Henry, and John. Coffin (2d) was grand- father of Dr. Moore, and was born at Stratham, Feb. 25, 1739. He studied medicine, and practiced with success to a good old age. He married Comfort Weeks, of Greenland, March 3, 1760. They had four sons and three daughters. Their third child was Coffin (3d), father of Edward B., born at George- town, Mass., April 30, 1768, and died at Lancaster, N. H., Aug. 22, 1842. He was at Lancaster about 1787, with Gen. Edward Bucknam, who was for many years the principal surveyor in Coos County, and whose daughter Mary he married in 1789. They had eight sons and three daughters. Dr. Moore was the fourth child. His father was a respectable farmer, who spent the inclement days of winter in making and mending shoes for his family and for his neighbors. His labor and industry sup- ported his family and gave them the best common- school advantages that his means and the facilities of the town afforded. The mother of the doctor was second daughter of Gen. Bucknam, and was born in Lancaster, N. H., July 22, 1769, dying there May 4, 1837. The general was born at Athol, Mass., June 21, 1741, and died at Lancaster, N. H., March 9, 1813. He married Susannah, daughter of David Page, one of the first settlers of Lancaster.. They had two sons, Edward and George, and five daughters. As an indication of the strong will and unconquer- able desire of Dr. Moore to obtain an education, it is worthy of mention that up to his nineteenth year he worked upon his father's farm except the three winter months, when he was permitted to attend school. The two last winters he taught school. In the spring of 1821 he left Lancaster with twenty dollars as an outfit, and this sum saved from his labor as teacher. He went to Pembroke, N. H., where he fitted for col- lege. Having resolved to study medicine, and meet- ing encouragement, he became a pupil (without a complete college course, which he never ceased to regret) in the office of Dr. Thomas Brown, of Deer- field (formerly of Manchester, with whom he passed four years), except the three winter months of each year, which he gave to teaching, to obtain the requi- site means to pursue his professional studies and at- tend lectures. He attended one session at Dartmouth and another at Bowdoin, and was graduated as M.D. in 1828. He then went to Concord, N. H., where he opened an office and procured such books for his library as he could afford with his slender means ; but 242 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. after six months he removed to Epping, where he en- gaged in practice with good success. He married, April 10, 1830, Elizabeth, daughter of Hon. Samuel Lawrence, of Epping. (See biography.) His business became large and remunerative, and he prosecuted it assiduously until the spring of 1847, when he removed to Boston, Mass. He took the of- fice that had been occupied by Dr. Lane, a prominent physician, who had just died of cholera. His repu- tation had preceded him, and he soon found himself fully engaged in practice. He promptly identified himself with the interests of the profession and the city, and was chosen to fill various public ofiices. He was a member of the Boston school committee in 1849-50, of the Boston primary school committee from 1851 to 1854, of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety, of the American Medical Association from 1855, of the New England Historical and Genealog- ical Society from 1858, and an honorary member of California State Medical Society. He was appointed coroner for Suffolk County in 1858, a position which he held at his death. He was also one of the dis- tributors of the Howard Benevolent Society for the last twenty years of his life. From an early period of his professional career he was a member of the In- dependent Order of Odd-Fellows. He was also a devoted Freemason, and had received the thirty- third degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish rite. He gave but few contributions to medical liter- ature, but he was by no means an idle man, nor want- ing in literary ability. Dec. 10, 1873, he published his thirteenth annual report of the proceedings and workings of the Great Council of Masons of the sev- eral States. Dr. Moore was a man of great probity of character, strong and stable in his friendships, devoted and un- tiring in doing good. As a physician he was success- ful and popular, because he sought to deserve honor by the noblest means, that of rendering zealous and intelligent service to those who sought his professional aid. He was a constant reader of the best books. He attended the meetings of the medical societies, and thus kept himself abreast of the latest and best means of relieving human suffering. He was not only well informed, but self-reliant and assuring in the sick-room, and was conscientious and faithful in the discharge of all professional duties. For twenty- four years prior to 1868, he was hardly ever without one, and had often several students in his office, and was recognized by all who knew him as the friend and patron of the young physician. He had three children, two sons and a daughter, the only one now living being Samuel Lawrence Moore, M.D., a grad- uate of Harvard, and a practicing physician of ability in Boston, who successfully continues the fame of an honored ancestry. JAMES L. RUNDLET. James L. Rundlet, son of Abraham and Hannah (Lawrence) Rundlet, was born Aug. 8, 1805, on the Rundlet homestead, in Epping, where his father and grandfather were also born. His grandfather, James Rundlet, was born Jan. 23, 1735; was one of the thrifty yeomen of his period ; married Sarah RowelL, born Jan. 31, 1742. Their children were James, John, Mercy, Sarah, Abraham (born April 19, 1769), Anna, Molly, Rhoda, Dorothy, Jemima, Honor. Abraham was a farmer, always was resident in Epping, was diligent in his business, successful and much esteemed. He was noted for his skill in framing buildings, for which his services were much sought. He married, Nov. 20, 1793, Hannah, daughter of Edward Law- rence. She was born Nov. 30, 1770. Their children were two, — John, born June 11, 1795, died June 18, 1857, and James L. James L. worked on the farm with his father, and acquired all the knowledge obtainable at the common schools of his youth ; married, before reaching his majority, Elsie, daughter of Samuel Plumer (brother of Governor William Plumer). She was born Sept. 26, 1804, and died Sept. 8, 1839. Their only child, Elizabeth P., married Rufus Sanborn, and now re- sides in South Newmarket. Mr. Rundlet began farming on a part of the old homestead (two hundred acres), which his father divided between 'his two sons, and continued successfully in that until 1888, when he moved to Epping Corners and engaged in general merchandising, which he conducted with ability and manifested the needed requisites of a suc- cessful merchant, — integrity, fair dealing, and shrewd caution. He followed this and dealing in real estate until 1861, and was extensively engaged in the latter branch, owning at one time twelve houses and lots in Epping, and two hundred and fifty acres of land. He married Olive B., daughter of John S. Rundlet, March 6, 1840. She died Sept. 18, 1860. By this marriage he had one son, Albert S., who died at the age of three years, and one daughter, Clara H., who married Alvin R. Thompson, a grocer in Epping. Mr. Rundlet also kept a hotel at Epping for several years, was always a farmer, and probably few have been identified with a greater range of business en- deavor than he. He has a wide range of acquaint- ance and a strong circle of attached friends. He married Mrs. Harriet Winslow, widow of George Winslow, and daughter of Zebulon Sanborn, March 20, 1861. They have no children. About 1862, Mr. Rundlet went out of active business, and removed to the pleasant home now occupied by him, and which he built, and is now, at the age of seventy-seven years, blessed with a handsome competency, largely the result of his foresight, industry, and prudence; and in his declining years can look back on a very active life, with the consolation of having borne a man's part in the battle of existence, and winning success therein. 'ents of New Hampshire, he removed, with some of his warmest supporters, to Wells, in Maine. The people of New Hampshire remained under the government of Massachusetts until 1680. During that period Exeter was a, place of little political impor- tance, not being once represented in the " great and general court," as were Dover, Portsmouth, and Hampton nearly every year. Yet the material in- terests of the people were steadily on the increase here, and there were valuable accessions to the popu- lation. When John Cutt was appointed the first Gov- ernor of the province, Exeter furnished him one of his ablest councilors in the person of John Gil man. Then came the eventful period of the Indian hos- tilities, in which Exeter, being on the frontier, was for a series of years greatly exposed to the incursions of the savages. Many of her citizens lost their lives EXBTEE. 245 and others were carried into captivity during this trying period of her history. Exeter partook largely of the popular indignation that was aroused in the province hy the tyrannical conduct of Governor Cranfield, and "at a later date was the scene of a rather serious outbreak against the crown officials for attempting with a high hand to enforce the laws against persons charged with tres- passing upon the forest pines marked for masts for his majesty's navy. In 1682, Edward Cranfield came to New Hamp- shire as Governor. He soon exhibited himself in his true colors as a grasping, unprincipled despot. The people of the province feared and hated him, and when his arbitrary conduct became intolerable, some of them were so enraged that they actually en- tered into a combination for the avowed purpose of overturning the government. On the 21st of January, 1683, the little village of Exeter witnessed a striking spectacle. A dozen horsemen, armed with swords, pistols, and guns, with a trumpeter, and headed by Edward Gove, a member of the Provincial Assembly from Hampton, with a drawn sword, rode through the snowy street of Exeter towards Hampton. A son of Gove and the brothers Wadleigh, Joseph, John, and Robert, Thomas Eawlins, Mark Baker, and John Sleeper were undoubtedly of the party, and probably Na- thaniel Ladd, Edward Smith, William Healy, and John Young also. All of them were well known in Exeter, and the greater part of them were residents, and they made no secret of their purpose to rise in arms against the tyrannical government of Cranfield. But it was yet too early for a successful resistance to the arbitrary measures of a royal government, and when next the good people of Exeter saw their in- surgent townsmen it was after they had been tried and convicted as accomplices in the crime of high treason and had been, by direction of the crown, respited and pardoned. Though this lesson failed to teach Cranfield moderation, it showed the people of Exeter that they must adopt a less hazardous mode of resistance to the unwarranted acts of the authorities. In the course of the year the Governor, being disap- pointed in his designs of making great gains from his office, resorted to the illegal expedient of taxing the people without the consent of the Assembly. To John Folsom, constable, was committed the tax against the inhabitants of Exeter for collection, but he reported to the Governor that the people refused to pay, on account of the illegality of the assessment. Thereupon the warrant was delivered to the pro- vost-marshal of the province, who was ordered to collect the taxes or imprison the delinquents. But he found the duty no sinecure. He first went to the house of Edward Gilman, where he was met by the wife of Councilor John Gilman, who informed him that " she had provided a kettle of scalding water for him if he came to her house to demand any rates.'' He received at the same time a like hospitable as- surance from the wife of Moses Gilman, and other women took pains to let him know that they were preparing red-hot spits, so as to give him a warm re- ception. Some half a score of the sturdy yeomanry of Hampton, on horseback and armed with 'clubs, then made their appearance on the scene, in order to insure that the marshal and his deputy should receive all due attention ; and, to cap the climax, the Rev. John Cotton, at that time probably officiating as the clergyman of Exeter, joined the company, "with a club in the hand," the emergency seeming to justify a resort to carnal weapons. The assembled party then began good-humoredly but systematically to hustle the marshal and his deputy up and down the house, and laughingly in- quired of them, " What did they wear at their sides?" alluding to their swords, which were indeed rather ridiculous appendages on such an occasion. The unfortunate officers soon betook themselves to the Widow Sewell's hostelry, ostensibly for refresh- ment; but their tormenters followed them there, and pushed them about, called them rogues, took the bri- dles ofi" their horses, si^nd then turned them loose, and in short made the place in a thousand ways too hot to hold them. The marshal at length found that he had brought his wares to a poor market, and in despair abandoned the attempt to collect illegal taxes in Exeter, which, it is believed, was never resumed. A half-century again elapsed before Exeter wit- nessed another outbreak of popular feeling. The sovereigns of England depended much upon their American colonies for ship-timber for the royal navy, and very stringent laws were enacted against the felling of any pine-trees suitable for masts which stood upon common lands. The surveyor-general of the woods kept a sharp eye upon all such timber, and marked it with the broad arrow, which denoted that it pertained to the crown. It may naturally be sup- posed, however, that the lumbermen of the frontiers would pay but scanty heed to the regulations which forbade them to touch the finest growth of the for- ests. When the surveyor's back was turned, it is probable that the woodman's axe spared few of the monarch pines, whether they bore the king's mark or not. The surveyors could not help suspecting, if they did not know, that the laws were disregarded, and jealousy and bitter feeling necessarily sprung up on this account between the king's officers and the inland inhabitants of the province. In 1734, David Dunbar was Lieutenant-Governor and surveyor-general of New Hampshire. He was arbitrary, having been a soldier, needy and jealous. He became convinced that the lumbermen of Exeter were cutting about the mill at Copyhold, now in Brentwood, trees which belonged by law to his royal master, and determined that he would put a stop to it. 246 HISTOEY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Accordingly he paid a visit to the mill in person, but while he was looking about for evidence of the violation of the law, he was greatly terrified by shouts and shrieks from the surrounding woods, and the dis- charge of fire-arms nearer than was agreeable. Dun- bar therefore determined that discretion was the better part of valor, and beat a retreat. But a few days after he dispatched ten men in a barge up the river from Portsmouth, with directions to seize and bring off the suspected tiuiber. The men arrived at the village in the evening, and put up for the night at the public-house kept by Capt. Samuel Gilman, the same house now standing on Water Street next to the Town Hall. After a part of them were in bed, and while the others were carousing there at ten o'clock at night, they were suddenly set upon by a party of men in disguise, who threw some of them out of the windows, and drove the others out at the doors. The party assailed made for the river in all haste, but in the mean time the bottom of their barge had been bored through, the sails cut to pieces or carried away, and the mast hacked down. They un- dertook to make their escape in her, but were obliged to return to the shore and hide, until the next day, when they found means to return ignominiously to Portsmouth ; but a part of them having lost their clothes, were in a particularly woful plight. The party who were engaged in this act of defiance of the surveyor-general's authority were from the out- skirts of Exeter, then a very la,rge township, but in- cluded men of respectability and standing. Thomas and Nathaniel Webster, Jonathan, Samuel, and Philip Conner, Trueworthy Dudley, and Ezekiel Gil- man are said to have been among the assailants. They assembled at the public-house kept by Zebulon Gid- dings, now known as the Rowland House, and there painted their faces and altered their dress so as to defy recognition before setting off on their expedition. Dunbar believed that a part of them were Natick Indians ; so it is probable that they adopted a disguise calculated to give that idea. We do not learn that any further attempt was made to enforce the mast-tree laws, nor that any punish- ment was inflicted upon the parties concerned in this breach of the peace ; but Dunbar was so mortified and enraged that he caused the courts to be taken away from Exeter, and bore a bitter grudge against the in- habitants so long as he remained in the province. The earlier half of the eighteenth century was a severe test of the pluck and endurance of the inhab- itants of New Hampshire. We learn that the winters were often of unusual length and severity. The labors of the husbandmen met with but scanty returns, and the domestic animals were terribly reduced in num- bers by the extreme cold and the want of food. Exe- ter must have suffered greatly in these years, though, as the business of her people was not exclusively agricultural, she probably escaped with less injury than some of the neigliboring towns. After the extension of the settlements of New Hampshire which followed the close of the French war, there was a time of greater prosperity. Exeter, during the administration of the last royal Governor, was a thriving and important town. Governor Went- worth, who was fond of parade, encouraged the form- ation of a battalion of cadets here, officered by the leading citizens, and armed and uniformed in the handsomest style, according to the Governor's taste. Some of his Excellency's warmest and most trusted friends were residents here. But when the first mutterings of the storm that led to revolution and independence were heard, the men of Exeter ranged themselves at once on the side of the colonists ; and throughout the times that tried men's souls this town was the headquarters of the State, in both civil and military matters. CHAPTER XXXIV. EXETER.— ( Continued.) WAE OF THE REVOLUTION. Resolutions of 1774 — Lords North and Bute burned in EiBgy — Exeter in the iirst armed resistance to British Authority— Bursting of the War Cloud — Exeter in Arms — The First Company. Revolutionary. — The feeling inspired in the breasts of the people of Exeter by the oppressive acts of the British Parliament, which led to the American Revo- lution, found utterance in a series of patriotic resolu- tions, adopted " almost unanimously" at a town- meeting in January,' 1774. After specifying in indignant terms the grievances of the colonists, the town concentrated their views into the resolve, " That we are ready on all necessary occasions to risk our lives and fortunes in defence of our rights and liber- ties." These were bold words, but they were sup- ported by acts of equal boldness, as we shall see. The two most obnoxious of the British ministers, Lords North and Bute, were burnt in effigy in front of the old jail, which stood where the house of N. K. Leavitt, Esq., now is. We can imagine the exulta- tion of the Liberty Boys at a demonstration so expres- sive and decisive. In September, 1774, when the in- habitants of Boston were reduced to sore straits by the operation of the Boston Port Bill, our town imposed a tax, assessed in regular form upon the citizens, and to be enforced by distraint, to raise money to relieve them. But in December of the same year the men of Ex- eter were called upon to put to the proof their princi- ples of resistance to tyranny, and were found equal to the occasion. A plan was devised among the bolder leading patriots of the province to seize the arms and ammunition of Fort William and Mary, at the en- trance of the harbor of Portsmouth, which was then slenderly garrisoned, but which was soon to be fully EXETEll. 247 manned. It was arranged that the party which was to proceed down the river, under the leadership of John Sullivan, John Langdon, and others to make the seizure, should be supported by a stronger body of men from Exeter, who were to make their appear- ance in Portsmouth in season to secure the withdrawal of the warlike stores in spite of all opposition. Accordingly, a detachment of about twenty-five armed horsemen, under Nathaniel Folsom, Nicholas Oilman, and Dr. Giddings, left Exeter in the night fixed for the undertaking, and rode into Portsmouth about daybreak in the morning. They ordered coffee at the inn of James Stoodley, who looked with no small astonishment on their martial array. But they made no allusion to the business which brought them there. About eight o'clock in the morning, James Hackett, with fifty or sixty of the bold Exeter boys, on foot, marched into town and took their station at the hay- market in Portsmouth, where they waited for orders. This, of course, created great astonishment, but little information could be elicited by any inquiries. At nine o'clock Langdon made his appearance at Stood- ley's, and acquainted the party there that the raid was completely successful, and that Sullivan was then passing up the river in the boats loaded with the munitions which had but lately been the dependence of one of His Majesty's forts, but were ere long to be used against his authority by the oppressed and in- dignant colonists. Thus, in this first overt armed re- sistance of America to the British authority, the men of Exeter took a leading part. The principal citizens of the town were open and decided in their determination to oppose the parlia- mentary measures, John Phillips, the founder of the academy, a man of learning, wealth, and cultiva- tion, though little fitted by habit or inclination for strife, was firm and outspoken for the liberties of America. Nathaniel Folsom, who had been distin- guished as an officer in the French and Indian wars, and who was a member of the first Continental Con- gress, was ready to take up arms in his country's cause at a moment's notice, and did afterwards ren- der valuable service as a provincial major-general until he was, by reason of the unworthy jealousies of others, allowed to be dropped. Nicholas Gilman, the trusted friend of the royal Governor, was no less firmly devoted to the defense of popular rights, and with his active and efficient sons, then just come upon the stage, was a most im- portant and indispensable aid to the cause. He was afterwards the .successful manager of the finances of the infant State, and the stay and staff of President Weare; and his sons became in their turn favorite and important officers of New Hampshire. Enoch Poor had been for some years engaged in ship-building in the town, and, accustomed in the management of men, was ready to tender his best services in aid of America's cause. His appointment in the army was peculiarly fortunate for the country. He became a general of light infantry; was greatly esteemed by Lafayette and by Washington, and his early death was deeply lamented. James Hackett was also a ship-builder, and as such labored for his country faithfully and well. He was appointed a lieutenant-colonel of one of the regi- ments, but his services could not be spared from the coast defenses. He did, however, serve in Rhode Island on one occasion as an officer in John Lang- don's company of light-horse. Such were a few of the leading spirits of the town as the alarm of war was about to be sounded. The famous expedition of the British troops from Boston to Lexington and Concord took place on the 19th of April, 1775. Early in the evening of that day a flying report of the affair reached Exeter, which was soon after confirmed by news received from Haverhill that the enemy was at Lexington, that the country was in arms, and a severe action had com- menced, which was raging when the messenger left to alarm the inland towns. Our streets were filled with excited men until a late hour at night. About daybreak an express arrived in town with further and more authentic intelligence. The bells were immediately rung, and the drums beat to arms. It happened that three of the leading pa- triots of the town — N. Folsom, N. Gilman, and E. Poor — were absent at Dover, but there were enough others to determine what part Exeter should take in the emergency. The unanimous voice was for every man who could possibly be spared to march at once to the help of our suffering brethren. John T. Gil- man, then twenty-one years of age, was peculiarly active in forwarding the preparations of the Exeter volunteers. Bullets were cast and cartridges made with all speed, and every one lent a helping hand. The women en- couraged their brothers and sons to offer their services, and contributed their aid to fit them out for their hurried campaign. About nine o'clock in the morn- ing, no less than one hundred and eight of the brave boys of Exeter were paraded at the court- house (nearly opposite the lower church), armed and equipped, and ready to march. " What road shall we take?" "By Haverhill." "Who shall lead us?" "Capt. Hackett." " Are you all ready ?" asked Hackett. " Yes," was the unanimous reponse. " March !" was the laconic order. One who was of that extemporized band of soldiers has left an account of their march. He says that the men wore sad countenances while taking leave of their wives and friends at home, but there was no flinching. Once fairly upon the way, however, their spirits rose, and they soon resumed their cheerfulness. They had a drum and fife, but no flag, for the Stars and Stripes 248 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. were yet in the future. But they were Well armed, especially those who had the bright muskets which Governor Wentworth had taken pains to provide for his " cadets," little suspecting that they were so soon to be used in rebellion against his royal master. The Exeter company marched through Haverhill to the ferry, but found that town in great distress. A destructive fire had raged there only forty-eight hours before, consuming the finest part of the village; this, in addition to the intelligence of the commencement of hostilities, was particularly depressing to the in- habitants. At nightfall they reached Bragg's tavern in Andover, and passed the night in that town. Ee- suming their march at an early hour the next morn- ing, they reached Menotomy at noon, and halted upon the common at Cambridge about two o'clock. Here they were taken charge of by some officers; their alarm-post was assigned them, and two or three rooms in one of the college buildings were given them for quarters. There they passed the first night of their military service, without even knapsacks for pillows, and the college floors, as one of their num- ber quaintly remarked, " as hard as any other floors!" The next morning the company made choice of oflicers. .James Hackett was elected captain ; John W. Gilman and Nathaniel Gookin, lieutenants ; and John T. Gilman, Gideon Lamson, and Noah Emery, sergeants. The company soon after went through their exercises on the common, and evidently at- tracted no little attention. The next day a report came that the British were landing at Chelsea. Capt. Hackett had the honor of being the flrst to receive marching orders; the com- pany from Londonderry followed. They marched as far as Medford, where they were met by the in- formation that the British had re-embarked. At Medford they found N. Folsom and E. Poor, who were going to the headquarters of the army. Gen. Heath reviewed the New Hampshire troops, and on Sunday Dr. MaoClintock, of Greenland, and Dr. Belknap, of Dover, preached to them. The Exeter Company remained at Cambridge not far from a fortnight, and were highly complimented by Gen. Heath. Then, the emergency having passed, and arrangements being in progress for forming a permanent military establishment, they were per- mitted to return home. Exeter had also its Committee of Correspondence, charged with looking after the interests of the patri- otic cause. An example of the work which fell to their share may be found in a dingy letter, which is still preserved, dated at Portsmouth, April 21, 1775, and signed by H. Wentworth, chairman, by which the committee of Exeter are informed of "the attack upon the people of Ipswich," and of the expectation of the arrival of two ships of war in Portsmouth, and containing a request for " four or five barrels of pow- der." On the back of the letter is a receipt by the messenger for four barrels of powder, which were de- livered by N. Gilman and Dr. Giddings, together with a memorandum of sixty-eight barrels more in the possession of the friends of liberty in Exeter and the neighboring towns. This powder was'undoubtedly a part of that which* was seized at Fort William and Mary in December, 1774. CHAPTER XXXV.' EXETER.— (Con^rnued.) EXETER IN 1776. Topography of the Village — Industries — Shipping — General View of the Village — Exeter the Capital of the Province and State — Adoption there of the First Written Constitution of the Revolutionary Period — The Powder-House— The " Provincial" Jail — The Court-House — The Meeting-House — Prominent Residents — The Revolution — Early Merchants, etc- It is extremely questionable if one who only knew Exeter as it was in 1776 would be able to recognize the Exeter of to-day as the same place. The confor- mation of the ground in the vicinity of the river and falls must have greatly changed. The slope from the higher lands down to the water was formerly much more abrupt than it now is. The ridges have since been cut down, and the low ground filled up. A century ago, in very high tides, the western part of Water Street used to be inundated, so that boats could be rowed through it for a considerable distance. The road to Newmarket, in the earlier times, did not run down by the water's edge, but back from it, over the high land. The fact that the bed of Water Street has been artificially raised was demonstrated by an exca- vation made not long since in front of Messrs. Porter & Thyng's store, which exposed a stratum of gravel several feet in thickness, evidently deposited there by successive generations of highway surveyors. And if we can believe the accounts that have been handed down, there has been a still deeper fill in front of where Mr. John W. Getchell's store now is. The house of Col. John Phillips was built there, more than a century ago, and was destroyed by fire only a few years since. When the house was erected, the front is said to have been three stories in height; within the memory of those now on the stage only two stories have ever been visible, and the lower one of those was sunken at the last considerably below the level of the sidewalk. If the case was as represented, it is plain that Water Street at that point has been built up at least a dozen feet above its original level. But it is proper to say that the foundations of the house which were exposed when Mr. Getchell's building was erected do not appear to confirm the 1 The following interesting chapter was contributed by Governor Ohas. H. Bell, being an address delivered by him at Exeter, Feb. 22 1876, EXETER. 249 tradition. Still, there can be no doubt that the street has been a good deal raised there, if not so much as the height of a story of a house. The change in the character of the public high- ways since 1776 is worthy of special notice. For many years before the Revolutioil the lumber trade was the chief business of the town. Vast quantities of the choicest spoils of the forest were brought each year from inland points to the Exeter landing, a part to be used for the construction of ships here, and the remainder to be rafted or otherwise transported down the river. The greater share of the money raised for the repair of the highways was expended on the roads towards Brentwood and Epping, over which the staple commodity in which our citizens were so deeply interested was hauled to tide-water and a market. The result of it was that the other ways were sadly neglected. Fortunately this was of less consequence from the fact that most of the travel at that period was upon horseback. The river, too, served admirably as a public highway in former times between the settlements upon its banks. So long as people could do their business by means of boats, they were not so particular:about the condition of the roads. The basin of the Salt River sixscore years ago pre- sented a far busier scene than it does to-day. The channel was then capable of affording a passage to vessels of considerable size, and ships of from two hundred to five hundred tons burden were built here, six or eight of them each season, it is said. Several vessels were owned here, and made voyages along the coast, and to the West Indies and Europe. With ships unloading their cargoes at our wharves, with carpenters and calkers plying their busy trades in our ship-yards, and with long lines of teams dragging the mighty pines to the river-side, the spectacle must have been full of life and animation. Perhaps some- thing of the same sort may again be realized when the obstructions to the navigation of the Squamscot shall be removed. As the Revolution drew nigh the lumber trade de- clined, and the business activity of the place dimin- ished. The breaking oud of hostilities sent some of the most enterprising citizens into the army; com- merce was suspended and ship-building was no longer lucrative. The mechanics became soldiers or sought employment elsewhere, and Exeter, its limited re- sources drawn upon to the utmost to sustain the war, looked forward with anxious hope to the issue that was to bring peace and restore prosperity. Of course there were no sidewalks in 1776 ; those have come in mostly within the last half-century. A few shade-trees then flung their protecting arms over a part of the village, some of which are still standing, or have but recently disappeared. A giant elm here and there remains to tell the story of the past century, and some sturdy button woods of equal, if not superior, age on both sides of the great bridge succumbed to disease, and were out down within the recollection of many persons. But the great bulk of our present or- namental trees are of more recent date even than the sidewalks. The size and extent of the village was of course much less a hundred years since than now. The en- tire population of the town at that period did not quite reach seventeen hundred and fifty souls, which is something less than one-half what it now is. And as a large proportion of the inhabitants lived in the less compact parts of the town, the village could not have greatly exceeded one-third its present dimensions. The character of the buildings, too, was generally in- ferior. To be sure the best of them were spacious, handsome, and constructed from the choicest mate- rials, as a few surviving specimens still attest; but probably the major part of them must have been com- paratively small and poor. Unpainted houses were the rule then ; they are the exceptions now. On the southerly side of Front Street there used to be noth- ing but fields and woods; BoW, Court, Elm, Elliott, and Pine Streets, with all their branches, are the growth of little more than forty years last past. In 1776 Exeter could boast but two churches, and those both Congregational ; nor was there either academy or seminary then. But in the article of public-houses a hundred years have probably given us no increase. There were then two taverns on the east side of the river, and the whole number was no doubt greater than it is now. This is to be explained by the different habits of the earlier generation. Auction sales and many kinds of public business were formerly transacted at the inns, as they were usually called. They were places where the citizens of all classes used to meet, especially in the evenings, and the convivial habits of the past age contributed essentially to their being well patronized. Exeter during the period of the Revolution was a place of great resort, and as those were not days when men could whirl into town from their homes by the train in the morning, and whirl back again to their own firesides in the evening, nearly every visitor here had to pass a night or two under the roof of one or another of our hospitable landlords. Exeter a century ago had but just assumed the position in the province to which its size and impor- tance entitled it. Forty years before, the town had become an object of jealousy and dislike to some of the dignitaries under the crown at Portsmouth, and in consequence thereof had been tabooed and " left out in the cold," so far as it was in their power to accomplish it. The last royal Governor, John Went- worth, however, was too sensible and politic to allow his conduct to be influenced by an old grudge. He took particular pains to conciliate the inhabitants of Exeter, visited the town repeatedly in much state, formed and commissioned a company of cadets here, embracing many leading men, as a kind of body- guard to the occupant of the gubernatorial office, and 250 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. established relations of intimacy, with several of the prominent citizens. He labored zealously and conscientiously for the good of the province, and at the same time to uphold the power of Britain over it. He hoped no doubt that his special friends in Exeter might adhere to the cause of the crown, as so many of his connections and dependents in Portsmouth did. But he reckoned without his host. When the tocsin of war was sounded Exeter might be said to be a unit on the side of liberty, and the men whom Governor Wentworth had delighted to honor were the first to declare in favor of their oppressed country. Exeter then became, and remained for many years, the capital of the province and State. The Legisla- ture held its sessions here, and during its adjourn- ments the Committee of Safety took its place, and exercised its functions. The courts were again estab- lished here, and the town became practically the headquarters of all military undertakings in which New Hampshire was ■ concerned. And here on the 5th day of January, 1776, was adopted and put in operation the first written Constitution for popular government of the Revolutionary period. The honor of taking the lead of her sister colonies in this mo- mentous " new departure" belongs to New Hampshire, and Exetef may well be proud to have been the scene of an occurrence so interesting and so memorable. The structure in our town which has perhaps re- tained its old-time appearance most perfectly for the past century is the powder-house, situated on the point near the river on the east side. It was built about 1760, and has apparently undergone little re- pair since that time. It probably first held military stores destined for the French and Indian war, which, however, terminated before they could have been much needed. A few years later it was opened, no doubt, to receive a part of the powder captured by the pro- vincials in the raid, under Sullivan, upon Fort Wil- liam and Mary in Portsmouth Harbor in December, 1774. But as powder without ball hardly met the re- quirements of the times, the selectmen of Exeter pur- chased lead for the " town stock" from John Emery, and sent for a further supply to Portsmouth by Theo- dore Carlton ; employed Thomas Gilman to " run it into bullets," and finally stored the leaden missiles in a chest, which Peter Folsom made for the purpose, at the cost of three and sixpence. The ammunition was dealt out from time to time to other places which stood in greater need, very sparingly though; for not- withstanding Exeter had a powder-mill in 1776, the explosive dust was too precious to be wasted through a large part of the Revolutionary war. The old powder-house is now somewhat weather- beaten and dilapidated, and perhaps past its useful- ness ; but we hope it may be spared, on account of the good service it has done in former days. May no vandal hand be laid upon it, but may it remain a landmark for many years to come ! Another prominent object on the east side, which survived until a recent date, was the jail, on the spot now occupied by the house of Mr. N. K. Leavitt. It is supposed to have been built about the year 1770, when the province was divided into counties. It was a wooden structure, of limited capacity, and at first was surrounded by no exterior fence or wall. It could not have been a very secure place of confine- ment .for a person of ingenuity and resources ; and indeed more than one prisoner made his escape from it. The notorious Henry Tufts, who published his memoirs thirty years afterwards, tells us that he was incarcerated there before the Revolution, and made his way out without much difficulty. After 1775 thejail became crowded; not only were the persons in this province suspected of disaffection to the American cause committed there, but Tories from other jurisdic- tions, counterfeiters of the colonial paper money, and deserters and skulkers from the Continental army. So much apprehension was then felt that the building was not strong enough to contain its inmates that armed guards were constantly stationed at the door. The court-house, known also as the town-house and State-house, stood at what is now the easterly corner of Front and Court Streets, on the site of the dwell- ing of the late Mr. Joseph Boardman. The building had formerly been the meeting-house of the first par- ish. When it was moved across the street and de- voted to judicial purposes, it was flanked by the stocks and the whipping-post. Possibly the former instru- ment of discipline may have disappeared before 1776, but the latter undoubtedly lasted till then. The horse- thief Tufts was flogged there shortly before that date, unfortunately without eradicating his inborn propen- sity to appropriate unlawfully the property of other people to his own use. One of the town schools (for the excellence of which Exeter was early noted) was long kept in this town- house. A " grammar school" was likewise maintained at the expense of the town in 1775-76, under the charge of Clement Weeks, a room being hired of Samuel Davis for the purpose. The town- and court-house was the place of assembly for the Legislature of New Hampshire, whence it re- ceived the additional name of State-house. Its halls in the "times that tried men's souls" continually echoed to the tread of the wisest and bravest of the dweller.s among our granite hills. Sullivan and Fol- som, Stark and Poor, Cilley and Scammell, Dearborn and Reid, in their military attire of blue and buff, often trailed their swords along its corridors; while Weare and Langdon, Gilman and Bartlett, Thornton and Whipple, and a host of other patriots in civil life assembled periodically within its walls to devise the ways and means for keeping an army in the field, until the power of Britain was at length broken, and peace crowned the independence of America. The meeting-house of the first parish occupied nearly the same spot which its successor, the present EXETER. 251 church, does now. But the yard which surrounded it was then of greater extent, and was filled with sub- stantial stone monuments, bearing inscriptions in memory of the dead who were interred beneath. A number of years ago those monuments were carefully leveled with the ground, placed" above the bodies they were intended to commemorate, and thinly cov- ered with earth. The rank grass soon sprang up and obliterated all traces of the burying-ground. Subse- quently the street was widened in front, and it is under- stood that the present sidewalk passes over a portion of what was formerly the churchyard. The good taste and propriety of these alterations has been ques- tioned by some of the present generation, we believe; but there is a consolation in the reflection that the memorial stones were neither destroyed nor removed from their proper locations, so that should occasion require, the information they contain can at any time hereafter be made available. A portion of the main floor of the old meeting- house was left open to all worshipers indiscrimi- nately, except that the men and women occupied different sides. Comparatively few persons had pri- vate seats. The privilege of erecting a pew was highly prized it would appear, for in 1775 the rights to build three of them in the meeting-house were sold at auction to the highest bidders, and realized hand- some premiums. The services in the religious meetings at that period were conducted in most respects as in our own day. We no longer have tithingmen, however, to look after the sleepers and the uneasy youngsters in ser- mon time. And we do have church-organs and an abundance of hymn-books, which our predecessors did not, by reason of which there has been an essen- tial change in the style and manner of the sacred music. The " pitch pipe'' alone was formerly em- ployed to " set the tune," and in good old Deacon Brooks' day the hymn in the first church was '' dea- coned" out, a line at a time, before it was sung by the choir. In 1776 the meeting-house was opened on two oc- casions of peculiar interest to the society. The first was on the 14th of March, when funeral services were performed over the remains of the Rev. Woodbridge Odlin, who had been the pastor of the church for many years. We learn from a contemporary record that a great congregation assembled to witness the solemn ceremony, for the deceased clergyman was highly esteemed. The other occasion was on the 9th of October, when the Rev. Isaac Mansfield, of Marblehead, Mass., was ordained as the successor of Mr. Odlin. The Eev. Messrs. Thayer, of Hampton, Fogg, of Kensing- ton, and Webster and Noyes, of Salisbury, were present and took part in the exercises. Ordinations were great events in the last century, and we read of one in a town in Massachusetts during the Revolution where the Council during their session disposed of no less than thirty-eight mugs of flip, twenty-four mugs of cider, eleven gills of rum bitters, and two mugs of sling ! But we have no reason to suppose that the good clergymen and brethren who assisted on the oc- casion referred to in our town found it such thirsty work. On the contrary, it seems to have been accom- plished with all due decorum. It may be necessary to remind readers of the present day that houses of worship a hundred years ago con- tained neither fireplaces, stoves, nor other heating apparatus. The congregation, so far as temperature was concerned, were not much more comfortable in- the winter .season in-doors than out. But the gen- eration of that day was brought up to bear hardships without complaint. The good mother, within the remembrance of people not aged, used to rely upon a few coals in a foot-stove to keep up the vital heat, and perhaps the youngest child was bundled up so as to be kept comfortable; but the big boys had to take the severity of the weather seated on the bare boards, with little protection in the way of extra clothing. It is a question how large the attendance in our churches would be if the old fashion of cold rooms were to be resumed. Luckily for the enjoyment as well as for the size of the congregations, in the matter of conveniences and comforts there is no retrogression. Improvements once introduced become necessities ; and New England will never go back to cold churches. The meeting-house of the first parish had long been provided with a bell, and the town books inform us that in 1776 it was daily rung by Pompey Peters at one and nine o'clock p.m., according to ancient cus- tom, which has also been continued down to our own day. The present church was not built till more than twenty years after that date. It has been much ad- mired for its architectural proportions, and is un- doubtedly a fine specimen of the ecclesiastical edifices of the last century. Having fortunately escaped de- struction by fire, which recently threatened to con- sume it, it is to be hoped it may now safely survive its centennial in perfect strength and condition. The other meeting-house in the Exeter of 1776 was that of the second parish, and stood on the lot now occupied by Mrs. Cobb's house. It was a building of ample size, and had resounded to the voice of the elo- quent Whitefield in former years. It has now been gone for more than a generation, and the church in the academy yard is its lineal successor. No other place of religious worship existed in the town a century ago, unless the few Quakers who lived here and in the vicinity may still have occasionally held meetings. Twenty years before, they are said to have used a building which stood upon Front Street, where now the residences of Mr. J. M. Levering and Mrs. Kennard are, as the place for their dumb de- votions. No doubt they here received occasional visits from itinerant brethren of their sect, who in "good old colony times" perambulated the whole 252 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. country, and kept up communication and interest be- tween the families and communities of Friends in every section. In tlie Revolutionary times, however, the peaceful principles of the Quakers became un- popular, and their numbers here had probably dwindled, so that it may be doubtful if the small re- mainder did any acts to attract public attention. The residence of the Rev. Woodbridge Odlin was in Front Street, on or near the spot where the house of Mr. B. L. Merrill now stands. Mr. Odlin's father, the Rev. John Odlin, lived there before him, and the Rev. John Clark occupied the same premises at a still earlier date, and as the Rev. Dr. Isaac Hurd sub- sequently passed some forty years of his life in the same place, it would be difficult, probably, to find an- other lot of land in New England which has been the home of successive clergymen for so long a period. The Rev. Woodbridge Odlin is described as portly in person, and a perfect gentleman in his conduct and deportment. He was outspoken in his patriotic sen- timents. The Rev. Mr. Mansfield, his successor, lived not far from the. locality where Mr. Charles Conner's house now is. / The Rev. Daniel Rogers, the pastor of the second parish, was a very estimable man, and possessed much learning. During the long term of his residence here he kept a daily journal of occurrences, which our local antiquaries, a generation ago, greatly relied on as containing materials for the history of the town that somebody has beea always going to write. What has now become of that journal we know not. It is to be hoped that it has been somewhere safely pre- served, for the loss of it would be irreparable. Too many interesting facts respecting the olden times have already passed into oblivion. Mr. Rogers lived in a house that formerly stood about where the entrance to Franklin Street now is. It faced towards Water Street, and was long ago removed to another situation. The "great bridge," perhaps the grandfather of the present one, spanned the river in 1776, as at present. Of course it did not receive its designation from its abstract magnitude, but by way of distinc- tion from its neighbor, the " string bridge,'' which, much less than a century ago, consisted of merely a single string-piece of timber flanked by a hand-rail, over which only pedestrians could pass. The next house to the Rev. Mr. Rogers', probably on the west, was that of " Brigadier" Peter Oilman, as he was universally called. It is still standing, and is now the residence of Mr. Manly Darling. It was built by Councilor John Oilman, if we may credit tradition, near two centuries ago, and is undoubtedly the oldest structure in the town. The main body, which was the original edifice, has its walls composed of squared logs, making it what was called a garrison house, for protection against the attacks of the In- dians. It was formerly much more quaint in its ex- ternal appearance than now ; but the interior is still worthy of inspection, as an example of the primitive domestic architecture of the country. The front wing, which has been for several years occupied as a store, is an addition of later date, made by the brigadier. Peter Oilman's career extended back to an early period in the history of Exeter, he having been born in 1708, and as he lived to the good old age of eighty- five, he witnessed many changes, and in the end very great improvements, in his native town. He was for a long peried a leading citizen. He had the com- mand of a regiment in the French war and served with much credit, receiving subsequently the honor of a brigadier-general's commission. For twelve suc- cessive years he was Speaker of the Assembly of the province, and in 1772 and 1773 he was a member of the Governor's Council. He was undoubtedly in- clined to question the expediency of resisting the royal authority, and in 1775 was required by the Pro- vincial Congress to confine himself to the town of Exeter, and not depart thence without the consent of the proper authorities. But he was evidently not looked upon as a dangerous foe to liberty, and his scruples appear to have been respected by those who took the opposite side. His fellow-citizens chose him moderator in 1775, which could hardly have been done if he had been a Tory in the worst sense of the term. Brigadier Oilman was a great admirer of Whitefield, and an amusing story is told of the power of the great preacher's eloquence upon him and others, causing them to roll upon the floor in an agony of penitence. Another tradition represents him as sending off'a press gang, which had come from Portsmouth to Exeter to seize men for the king's service, by admonishing them that every individual they took would be rescued from their hands before they reached Stratham. The brigadier appears to have stood up manfully for his townsmen, and hence they naturally stood by him. He was about the only Exeter man of note whose fidelity to the American cause came early under sus- picion. At a later period, however, another person who had previously held himself out as a zealous Whig was found guilty of the blackest defection. This was Robert Luist Fowle, the printer, whose office in 1776, as he advertised, was "on the grand country road, near the State House," — probably on Water Street not far from the present Court Square. Fowle had been employed to print the paper money of New Hampshire, and was afterwards suspected, on very good grounds, of using his press for issuing counterfeits of the same to be put in circulation by disaffected persons ; it being considered a legitimate way of opposing the popular government to discredit its circulating medium. Fowle was arrested and held in durance for a time, and apparently undertook to secure his own safety by betraying his accomplices. Perhaps he was thought to be playing false in this; EXETER. 253 for we are informed that he owed his escape at last to the unfaithfulness of his jailor, whose carriage was believed one stormy night to have conveyed him away, and he sought refuge within the British lines. As has already been stated, the inhabitants of Ex- eter were almost to a man in favor of resistance to the oppressive measures of the British Parliament. Conspicuous among the patriots was Col. Nicholas Oilman, the father of Governor Gilman. At the commencement of the Revolution he was forty-four years of age, in the very prime of his powers, a man of resolution, firmness, and sound judgment. He was largely engaged in business, and was command- ing officer of a regiment of militia. He was a great favorite with Governor Wentworth, who undoubtedly used all his influence to keep him on the side of his royal master, and it is said never ceased to retain his attachment for him. But Col. Gilman occupied no doubtful ground. Early declaring himself on the side of his country, his counsel and services were eagerly sought for in her behalf and cheerfully ren- dered. Money, the sinews of war, was the thing most needful, and he was placed at the head of the fiscal department of the State, where he accomplished almost as much for New Hampshire as Robert Morris did for the country. But his efibrts were not limited to any narrow sphere. No plan for the public se- curity or advantage was adopted until it received the sanction of his approval. President Weare held the chief executive ofiice, and Nicholas Gilman was his premier. The two sons of Col. Gilman viiho were old enough for the military service took up arms at the beginning of the Revolutionary struggle. John Taylor, the elder, served in the company of volunteers who marched to Cambridge on the morning after the first eifusion of blood at Lexington and Concord. Afterwards he became an assistant to his father at home, and rendered invaluable aid to the patriot cause throughout the war in various capacities. The second son, Nicholas, entered the army early, and served in it six years and three months. He was assistant adjutant-general during the latter part of his service, and as such returned an account of the prisoners captured on the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. Nathaniel, the third son of Col. Nich- olas Gilman, was but sixteen when the war began, and did not take part in the fighting, though very desirous to do so ; but he was useful to his father in his manifold employments, and succeeded him at an early age in his official positions. Detachments from Col. Oilman's regiment were from time to time called into the field for active duty, and there is no doubt that they received his supervision there. But it is not known that he served in person during any campaign, though it is likely that he was from time to time at the front. It is related that he visited Gates' headquarters^ in 1777 for the purpose of doing his devoir in aiding to arrest the invading march of Burgoyne, but that the decisive battle had been fought before his arrival. He probably enjoyed there the opportunity of wit- nessing the surrender of an entire British army to the power of united America, which must have yielded him heartfelt satisfaction. Col.' Gilman re- sided, in 1776, in the house afterwards long occupied by Col. Peter Chadwick, and now by his son and daughter. Gen. Nathaniel Folsom acted an important part in the Revolutionary drama. A native of Exeter, and descended from one of its most ancient families, he had been a soldier long before that time. In 1755, at the age of twenty, he was entrusted with the com- mand of a company in a New Hampshire regiment, raised to serve under Sir William Johnson against Crown Point, and distinguished himself greatly by his gallantry and good conduct. He afterwards re- ceived promotion in the militia, and in 1774 was in the commission of the peace, which was then no small honor. He had also been for several years a member of the Assembly of the province, and was regarded as one of the leaders of the popular cause. In 1774 he was chosen one of the members to repre- sent New Hampshire in the General Congress at Phil- adelphia. Apparently Governor Wentworth hoped to the last that Folsom might be brought to repent and renew his fealty to the king, for it was not till the 22d of February, 1776, that he cast him off. On that day Folsom had the honor of receiving a letter of the fol- lowing tenor : "Sir, — I am commanded by liis Excellency to acquaint yon that he hae, with adVice of his Majesty's Council, ordered your name to he erased from the contmitssion of the peace for the County of Rockingham, — that it ia done accordingly, and that you act no more as a justice of the peace for said county. "By his Excellency's command, "Is. KiNDGE, " Cleric of the Court of General Sessions of the Peace for the County of Bochingham." The ex -justice did not make himself unhappy over the loss of his commission, but was undoubtedly glad to be freed from the very semblance of holding office under the king, or rather, as the phrase then was, under the king's ministers, for the Americans com- monly believed that his gracious majesty was at heart very friendly to them, and that his advisers were solely responsible for every tyrannical act visited upon the colonies. At a later period the publication of the letters of George III. to Lord North showed that this idea was totally erroneous, and that the American Revolution was due to the obstinacy, folly, and des- potic notions of the king himself Col. Folsom (for that was his title in the beginning of 1775) was evidently held in the highest estimation as a military commander, for on the 24th day of May in that year, a month after Lexington, and a month before Bunker Hill, he received the appointment of major-general of "all the forces raised (by New Hampshire) for this and the other American col- 254 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. onies." The province had then three regiments in the field,^Stark's, Poor's, and Keed's. Gen. Folsom at once repaired to Cambridge to take the command of the brigade. Stark complained (without reason) at Folsom being put over him, and was inclined to despise the authority of this colony, till his native good sense taught him to act more wisely. The mis- understanding and rivalry between Folsom and Stark, however, prevented the nomination of either as a general officer on the Continental establishment, and Sullivan was selected as brigadier from New Hamp- shire. Gen. Folsom remained in, command of the New Hampshire troops at Cambridge until the adop- tion of the army, and the appointment of its com- manders by Congress. He then returned home, but though not again called actively to the field, he was allowed no respite from military or civil employment. He was retained in command of the militia, who were continually kept in readiness for active service in emergencies, and frequently called forth. In the course of the war he was four years a member of the Committee of Safety ; was repeatedly chosen to the Legislature, and in 1777, and again in 1779, elected a delegate to the Continental Congress ; and in addition to all the rest, was made a judge of the Court of Common Pleas. There was evidently an incompatibility, or at least an impropriety, in a single person exercising such diverse functions at the same time, and some excep- tion was taken to it in the Legislature ; but a ma- jority were of the opinion that the occasion justified a departu're from ordinary rules, and the perfect con- fidence reposed in Gen. Folsom's honesty and pa- triotism silenced all criticism. Gen. Folsom lived in a house which formerly stood where Mr. George Sul- livan's residence (now the Squamscot House) was afterwards built. The Folsom house was removed farther up Front Street, and placed on the lot next westerly of the residence of Mr. Luke Julian, where it still remains. Enoch Poor was one of the most active business men of Exeter when the war began. He had come here some ten years before from Andover, Mass., his native town, and had engaged in trade and ship- building. He showed himself to be decided, bold, and fitted for command, and as he was an ardent friend of liberty, he was regarded at an early period as a leader in organizing resistance to the British authority. He was absent from home when the first shot was fired at Lexington, but in a very short time was found at Cambridge marshaling the sons of New Hampshire, who at the first note of alarm had quitted the plow to 'take up* arms in behalf of their im- periled brethren of Massachusetts Bay. He was at once made colonel of the Second Regiment of New Hampshire troops, and thenceforward until his death shared the fortunes of the American army. He was in command of his regiment on the Canada expedi- tion, and was appointed a brigadier-general in 1777, in which capacity he did excellent service in Gates' army in the battles which resulted in the capture of Burgoyne. In Valley Forge he bore his part in the privations and sufierings of the troops, and at Mon- mouth he won distinction by his efforts in retrieving the fortunes of the day, at first imperiled by Lee's "ill-timed retreat." He accompanied Sullivan in 1779 in his expedition against the Indians ; and in 1780 was put in command of a brigade of light in- fantry under the orders of Lafayette, who had a high opinion of him.^ He died at Paramus, N. J., on the 8th of September in that year, of fever, after a short illness. It has been believed by some persons that he was killed in a duel with a French officer, and that the manner of his death was kept a secret, lest it might excite ill feeling between our own countrymen and the French who were then our useful allies. But it is now the opinion of those who have the best means of knowledge that the story of the duel was unfounded. Gen. Poor was much esteemed by his brother- officers. Washington wrote of him in terms of high commendation ; and when Lafayette visited this country, half a century ago, he paid a graceful tribute to his merit, as well as to that of another dis- tinguished New Hampshire officer, by giving as a sentiment on a public occasion, " The memory of Light-infantry Poor and Yorktown Scammell." The residence of Gen. Poor was in the house for- merly at the easterly corner of Centre and Water Streets, where his widow continued to live during the fifty years that she survived him. We have, unfor- tunately, no portraits of many of the principal citi- zens of Exeter one hundred years ago. But a, like- ness of Gen. Poor is still extant. The tradition is that it was drawn by the accomplished Polish engin- eer in the American service, Thaddeus Kosciuszko, upon the fly-leaf of a hymn-book in church. It represents the general in the Continental uniform, with a cocked-hat and epaulets. The features are bold and prominent, and we can easily believe that the original must have been a man of mark. Another of the foremost men of that time was Col.- John Phillips, the location of whose dwelling has already been described. Though he wore a military tile, he was noted not so much for his warlike as for his civic achievements. He was, however, the command- ing officer of the Exeter Cadets, and a very well drilled and disciplined corps it was said to be. He was also a decided friend of his country, it is under- stood, notwithstanding he took no active part in public affairs in the Revolution. He was bred to the ministry, though he was engaged in business as a merchant for the greater part of his working life. He employed his large accumulations wisely and generously in promoting the cause of education in this and other States. 1 There ie some reason to believe that he died from a wound received in a duel with an American ofiQcer. EXETER. 255 In the house now occupied by Mr. John W. Get- chell lived Col. James Haokett in 1776. He had been for some time engaged in ship-building here, and was a man of enterprise and determination. He was no laggard in evincing his willingness to enlist in his country's cause, for he was one of the first to march to the scene of hostilities on the morning after the Concord fight. The unanimous voice of his fellow- volunteers made him the' commander of the extem- porized company, and he acquitted himself well of the trust. Repeatedly afterwards during the war he was chosen to important military commands, but his contriving head and skillful hands were so constantly needed in constructing ships-of-war and flotilla for offensive and defensive purposes on our coast that he is not known to have served as a soldier in any cam- paign, except in Ehode Island, under Gen. Sullivan, in 1778, where he held the post of lieutenant of a company of light horse, of which no less a person Jhan John Langdon was captain. Col. Hackett appears to have passed much of his time, at a later period, in Portsmouth, where he pur- sued the business of ship-building, and on the occasion of Washington's visit to New Hampshire in 1789 commanded a battalion of artillery, which received his excellency on his arrival in Portsmouth with a grand salute. The same house was years afterwards tenanted by another person, who filled during the Kevolution a still more conspicuous public position. This was Gen. Nathaniel Peabody, who was in 1774 a physician in Plaistow, practicing his profession with great success. He was popular and aspiring. He denounced the usurpations of Britain at the outset, and is said to have been the first man in the province to resign the king's commission from political motives. He was repeatedly chosen to the Legislature, and upon the Committee of Safety, and was in 1779 and 1780 a delegate to Congress. Besides these, he held numerous other ofl3ces, civil and military, of dignity and im- portance. As adjutant-general of the State his only active service, by a singular coincidence, was in the same Rhode Island campaign in which his predecessor in the habitation. Col. Hackett, first heard the sounds of actual conflict. After the war, Gen. Peabody's popularity was undiminished, and he received fre- quent testimony of the confidence of his fellow-citi- zens in the shape of elections to office. He afterwards removed his residence to Exeter, where he passed the remainder of his life. Towards the close of his career he was annoyed bv pecuniary troubles, and is said to have become petulant and rough in his manners. Many stories are yet current of his sharp speeches and harsh conduct. They furnish an exemplification of the truth of the oft-quoted words of Shakspeare: " The evil tbat men do lives after them, The good is oft interred with their bones." Gen. Peabody was undoubtedly possessed of abili- ties far above the average, and rendered valuable ser- vice as a legislator to his State and country, and in his professional capacity to the sick and suffering. We can make allowance for faults of temper, and even for more serious defects in one who so stanchly de- fended the rights of his country in the hour of her sorest trial, and bore so important a part in laying the foundations of the nation's prosperity and greatness. Where the town-house now is, Joseph Gilman lived in 1776, in the gambrel-roofed house which, having been reduced one story in height, now occupies a place on the north side of Franklin Street. Mr. Gilman was bred to mercantile pursuits, and for several years before the Revolution was a member of the firm of Folsom, Gilman & Gilman, which did a large busi- ness in Exeter, in trade, in ship-building, and in ven- tures at sea. A printed shop-bill of the concern has been preserved, which shows that almost as great a variety of merchandise found a sale among the good people of the place three or four generations ago as now. " Crimson, scarlet, and various other color'd Broad Cloths ; scarlet and green Ratteens ; scarlet, blue, and green Plushes; crimson, cloth color'd and black figur'd cotton waistcoat Shapes ; Velvet of most colors for capes; crimson, scarlet, black, blue, green, and cloth color'd Shaloons," are all articles which indicate the prevailing taste of that day for bright colored cloth- ing; a taste which must have rendered an assemblage of ladies and gentlemen a spectacle much more im- posing and pleasing to the eye than a company at- tired in the sombre hues, or the white and black, which are prescribed by more recent fashions. Folsom, Gilman & Gilman dealt in hardware also, and in their enumeration of merchandise of this de- scription, we find almost identically the tools and iron utensils which are advertised by their successors in the same line of business in 1876. Of course there are more or less Yankee inventions of modern date, however, which have superseded the older contriv- ances. The almost universal use of cooking-stoves, for example, has rendered much of the apparatus of the old-fashioned fireplaces obsolete ; gun-flints are little in demand since percussion locks were invented ; hour-glasses are now mere matters of curiosity, and " H and HL hinges,'' thumb-latches, warming-pans, and shoe- and knee-buckles are certainly no longer articles of common use. Some of the goods are de- scribed by names that sound strangely to our modern ears. Tammys and Durants, Dungereens, Tandems Romalls, and Snail Trimmings would be inquired for in vain, we fear, at our dry-goods stores ; and it is doubtful whether Firmers, Jobents, Splinter Locks, or Cuttoes would be recognized under those designa- tions among our dealers in ironmongery. In connection with this subject it may be men- tioned that another printed Exeter shop-bill of the ante-Revolutionary period is still extant. It con- tains a brief list of the articles to be sold by William Elliot, " at his shop formerly occupied by Mr. Peter 256 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Coffin, and opposite Peter Oilman, Esq'rs." It indi- cates that Mr. Elliott's stock in trade was also quite 'miscellaneous, comprising dry-goods, hardware, and groceries. Indeed, there was one article under the last head that was then kept by every trader, — spirituous liquor. Its use was all but universal. We have already re- lated an incident to show that good men, engaged in a religious duty, sometimes partook of the enticing cup with freedom. In fact, there was no occasion of unusual interest, from a christening to a funeral, but must be observed by a plentiful oblation. The select- men when they met to transact the town business re- paired to a tavern, where it was convenient to obtain the means to moisten their clay ; and the landlord duly scored the mugs and bowls of fragrant beverages which they consumed to the account of the town, and his bill was promptly met at the close of the year. The judges on their circuit were unable to hold the courts without spirituous refreshment. We have seen a bill of the "Courts' Expences,'' of some- what earlier date than the era we have been refer- ring to, in which the dinners each day were supple- mented by a liberal number of " Bottels of wine" and " Boules of punch.'' Mr. William Elliott left his business when the country called for armed defenders and joined the army. He was adjutant in the regiment of Col. Na- than Hale in 1777, and at the disastrous fight atHub- bardtown was taken prisoner. He was probably ex- changed subsequently. But we have wandered from the subject on which ■we commenced. The house of Mr. Joseph Oilman was the place where most of the meetings of the Com- mittee of Safety were held during the war. The Legislature was in session more than one-third part of the year 1776, and the committee nearly the entire residue of the year. It would seem to be a hazardous thing to delegate to a dozen men the power to arrest, imprison, and release at their pleasure any of their fellow-citizens of the province. If they had been vindictive, here was ample opportunity to wreak their vengeance ; if they had been rapacious, here were plenty of chances to fill their pockets. Many ■who were apprehended by their authority made bitter complaints, of course; but the action of the Commit- tee of Safety is believed, on the whole, to have been characterized by much prudence and moderation. They had a great variety of characters to deal with. Not a few of the men of wealth and position were op- posed to resistance to the British authority. They feared the result of an organized insurrection against the power and warlike resources of England, and they preferred to submit to what they considered the small evil of taxation without representation rather than to incur the hazards of rapine and confiscation which might come in the train of a rebellion suppressed by force of arms. These timid souls were treated ten- derly, and after a taste of jail-life were allowed to go at large upon giving security for their good behavior. It may have been one of these who wrote to the com- mittee the following letter : " Prison in Exeter, 24:th Apl. 1776. " may it Please your Honors, " Gratitude being a Duty Incumbent on those who have Receiv'd Favoi-s, begg Leave to Return your Honors most sincere thanks for the Very Great Favor you have Done me in admitting me to Bail for the Liberty of this house and the Yard thereto adjoyning, & am with the utmost Respect, Sincerity & Esteem " yr Honors most obedient Servant, "John Patten. *' The Honorable Committee of Safety," As the "liberty of the yard" is alluded to in this letter, a word on the subject of that ancient legal fiction, as it may be termed, will perhaps not be void of interest to the people of this age, to whom impris- onment for debt is happily unknown. In former times, when a man who could not pay what he owed was liable to compensate for his inability by the loss of his personal liberty, debtors in many cases could enjoy the privilege of living outside the jail walls, provided they did not exceed certain limits, which were fixed at a convenient distance — ^for a long time two hundred rods — from the building in every direc- tion. In order to secure this advantage, which was obviously a great relief from actual incarceration, the debtor was obliged to give a bond, with good sureties, that he would keep within the prison " yard," as the limits werecalled. And if he overstepped the line, even for a single inch, his bond was forfeited, and his sureties were liable to pay the debt. Apropos of this, a story is told of a debtor in Exeter in the olden time who, being under bond to confine himself to the jail yard, saw a child who had fallen into the river struggling for its life at a point jiist beyond the line which he was bound not to transcend. His humanity outweighed all other considerations, and he broke bounds without hesitation and saved the child. It is pleasant to record that though the creditor might have extorted his debt from the bonds- men, for this act of mercy on the part of their prin- cipal, he never made the attempt. If he had forgiven his debtor in full it would have been better still. But some of the Tories who came under the cogni- zance of the Committee of Safety were not to be handled with too much tenderness. They were sullen and vindictive, and ready to do anything to obstruct the progress of popular government. One of the men concerned with Fowle, the printer, in emitting coun- terfeit paper money was of this description. He had occupied a position of some distinction in the prov- ince. It was a bitter humiliation for him to lie in the jail with common malefactors, but he was too proud and obstinate to recant the opinions he had often ex- pressed ; and so he chafed in confinement, until by the aid of friends without he was enabled to make his escape. This was the well-known Col. Stephen Hol- land, of Londonderry. His influence on those about him must have been rated high, since it was deemed necessary to imprison his negro man Cato as well as EXETER. 257 his master. After the colonel's flight, the committee appear to have issued hand-bills for his apprehension, and employed Benjamin Boardman to go express to Boston, " to carry advertisements after the Col. Hol- land." They turned out to be " after" him indeed, for he was so far in advance of them that he reached the enemy's lines in safety. He was banished by a formal act of the General Court, and his property confiscated. Mr. Joseph Gilman was himself chairman oftheCom- mittee of Safety at one period, and held various public trusts during and after the war. His wife was a woman of thorough education and many accomplishments. His house appears to have been repeatedly visted by strangers of distinction during the Revolution. Some of the high-bred French officers who drew their swords in behalf of America are said to have ex- pressed their admiration for the culture and esprit of Mrs. Gilman, as beyond anything they had witnessed elsewhere in the country. Samuel Adams passed a night at Mr. Gilman's house in the latter part of 1776, just before the victories at Princeton and Tren- ton had relieved the feeling of despondency caused by the prior disasters to our arms ; and all Mrs. Gil- man's powers of pleasing were said to have been ex- erted to cheer the drooping spirits of the patriot with- out effect. A military success was then the only cure for the gloom of the stern king-hater. The dwelling-place of Maj. Jonathan Cass, one of the veterans of the Revolution, was where the house of Mrs. J. L. Robinson now is. At the outbreak of the war he was twenty-two years of age, and accord- ing to description was an erect, handsome man, with keen black eyes. He enlisted in the army as a private soldier, and served until peace was established, having taken part in most of the principal battles. As early as 1777 his merits procured him promotion to an en- signcy, and at the close of the war he was a captain. He then resumed his residence in Exeter for a few years, and his distinguished son, Lewis Cass, was born here in 1782. About 1790 the father re-entered the army in command of a company raised for the defense of the western frontier, and subsequently received the commission of major. He was so much pleased with the appearance of the western country that he estab- lished his home in Ohio, where he died in 1830. Lewis Cass remained in Exeter till he finished his studies at the academy, and received a diploma, signed by the principal and president of the board of trustees, certifying his proficiency and good conduct, a copy of which, in his own youthful handwriting, is still pre- served'. His career after he quitted the home of his youth is a matter of familiar history. Col. Samuel Folsom, a brother of Gen. Nathaniel Folsom, was a well-known and respected citizen in 1776. His house was at the easterly corner of Court Square and Water Street, and is now occupied by Mr. George W. Dearborn. It is believed to have been built a year or two before the date mentioned, proba- 17 bly to replace a former edifice removed or destroyed. Col. Folsom kept a public-house, as his widow con- tinued to do many years after his death. He was lieutenant-colonel of the Exeter Corps of Independ- ent Cadets, commanded by Col. John Phillips. He was intrusted with much important business during the Revolution, requiring sound and tried capacity and devotion to his country's interests. After John Langdon, in the midst of the apprehen- sions excited by the triumphant incursion of Bur- goyne, inspirited the people of New Hampshire, by the offer of his private property to organize an expe- dition under Gen. Stark, with the purpose of turning back the invader, Col. Folsom was delegated by Presi- dent Weare, chairman of the Committee of Safety, to visit Gen. Stark, to convey him money for contingent expenses, to learn how his expedition was progress- ing, what articles it stood in need of, and to " advise with all persons in the service of this State on such things as he thought needful to forward the business they are engaged in." His confidential and discre- tionary mission appears to have been executed to the satisfaction of all parties; and we know how thor- oughly Stark was enabled to perform the part required of him when he met the.enemy at Bennington. A couple of years afterwards Col. Folsom was se- lected by the General Court to discharge the agreea- ble duty of presenting in behalf of the State to Col. Joseph Cilley a pair of pistols which had been the property of Col. Stephen Holland, the Tory absentee ; and the receipt of Col. Cilley remains to testify that the commission was duly accomplished. It was at the house of Col. Folsom that President George Washington stopped and partook of a colla- tion when he visited Exeter in his tour through the Eastern States, in the autumn of 1789. There is prob- ably no person now living who saw the father of his country here, although one or two who well remem- ber the occasion have but recently deceased. If time would permit, information could be ob- tained, no doubt, which would enable us to fix the residences, and give some account of the services, of many others of our former townsmen who responded to the call of the country in the struggle for independ- ence. But the brief space allowed for the comple- tion of these sketches forbids extended inquiry and research, and we must be content with recording such fragments of personal history of that character as are to be collected at short notice. Peter Coffin, the predecessor of William Elliot in his store, near the western extremity of the great bridge, was a major in Col. David Gilman's regiment. His family name was once familiar here, and his an- cestors are said to have lived in what is now the yard of the academy. An orchard which belonged to them then bore its fruit on the ground now covered by the academy. The old Exeter family of Robinson was well repre- sented in the Continental service, two of its members 258 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. holding commissions therein; the one, Caleb Robin- son, as captain, and the other, Noah, as ensign. Noah Emery, a name handed down for generations here, was a paymaster in Col. Isaac Wyman's regi- ment and commissary. In the latter capacity he had the charge of a large amount of stores, which tradi- tion says were housed in a building in Spring Street, familiarly termed " the State's barn." It is of Pay- master Emery that a story is told that, being ordered to carry some dispatches by night on horseback in a strange part of the country, he crossed a bridge on his way, which he did not discover until the next day had been previously stripped of its planking. His horse had cautiously felt his way over it upon the timbers, while the rider was all unconscious of the fearful risk he was running. The statement would hardly be credited if there were not authentic ac- counts of other similar occurrences. The duties per- formed by Mr. Emery under the direction of the State authorities must have kept him very busy. He was employed frequently in the purchase, forwarding, and distribution among the troops of the various needed supplies, and was relied on to transact much incidental business. Indeed, towards the close of the war he and John Taylor Oilman, afterwards Governor of the State, appear to have attended to most of the wants of the New Hampshire troops. Perhaps Col. Eliphalet Giddons, the collector of the " beef tax," should be included with them. Dr. Samuel, Tenney was a surgeon in one of the Rhode Island regiments. He had previously settled in this town, and returned and married a wife here at the expiration of his service. He was a person of uncommon literary and scientific attainments, and contributed articles to the publications of the Ameri- can Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a topo- graphical account of Exeter to the Collections of the Masschusetts Historical Society. He felt a warm in- terest in political matters also, and was for seven years a representative in Congress. He was also judge of probate, and was highly respected. Another citizen of Exeter who served in the medi- cal department of the army was Dr. William Parker, Jr. He was a grandson of Judge William Parker, of Portsmouth, whose father married, it is said, a daugh- ter of the English patrician house of Derby, Dr. Parker died in Exeter of yellow fever, which he con- tracted from a patient. James McClure was the adjutant of a New Hamp- shire regiment in the Continental service. He is be- lieved to have lived in the house on the south side of Water Street now belonging to Mr. Franklin Lane. Benjamin Boardman performed a tour of duty in the Revolution as the commanding officer of a com- pany. He was a noted man in the town, and many years afterwards kept a public-house on the east side of the river. Ebenezer Light was a lieutenant for two years or more in the New Hampshire line. His name was once a common one in Exeter, and Light's tavern, on Tower Hill, was a well-known place of entertainment. But no branch of the family now remains here, so far as we can ascertain. Samuel Brooks, of Exeter, appears to have been quartermaster in Col. David Oilman's regiment. Whether this was the excellent deacon, who lived in a house removed to make way for the present Metho- dist Church, we are not certain. But if he undertook the duties, it is safe to say that he made a good quar- termaster, for he was a faithful and thorough man. There is no doubt that he was employed by the Com- mittee of Safety to pay the New Hampshire troops who were in Arnold's ill-fated expedition against Quebec. It may interest the reader to learn that the amount paid them, including expenses, was three hundred and forty-eight pounds seven shillings. Ebenezer Clifford, who was quartermaster-sergeant in Col. Poor's regiment in 1775, was probably the person who removed hither from Kensington about 1790, and lived in the Brigadier Oilman house until his death. He was an ingenious mechanic, and con- structed a diving-bell, with the aid of which he is said to have recovered a quantity of silver money from the wreck of a Spanish or other foreign vessel at the Isles of Shoals. The coin had suffered during its long submersion a wondrous sea change, and was found to be covered with some kind of marine incrus- tation. A portion of it was placed for safe-keeping in the old Exeter Bank, and when the vault of that institution was entered and robbed of its valuable contents, about the year 1828, some of Mr. Clifford's silver pieces were among the spoils. The story goes that the peculiar appearance of the money afforded the clew by which the guilty persons were detected. It would not be just, in any recital of the services of our townsmen in the Revolution, to omit to men- tion the independent company that volunteered under the command of Capt. John Langdon in 1777, and marched to Saratoga to aid in the capture of Bur- goyne. The lieutenant of the company was Col. Nicholas Oilman, and the private soldiers were com- posed of the solid men of Exeter, Portsmouth, and Newmarket. Most of them were of mature age, and many had held military commissions. No roster of the company is now accessible, but it is known that among the Exeter quota were such men as Capt. Sam- uel Oilman, Col. Eliphalet Oiddings, Col. Nathaniel Oiddings, and Ephraim Robinson, Esq. That citizens of such age and standing were ready to leave their families and business to shoulder the musket in de- fense of their country is proof positive of the press- ing nature of the emergency, and of the absolute necessity then felt that the progress- of the hostile army should be checked, and a substantial triumph gained to the cause of America. And the momentous consequences which ensued from the capitulation of Burgoyne proved that this feeling was founded in reason and a just appreciation of the situation. EXETER. 259 There were of course not a few other persons in Exeter whose services were called into requisition in some way by the State authorities. John Rice, Esq. (we append the title, because it was not common, though much valued, in those days), whose house was where the parsonage of the first parish now is, furnished board and a place of meet- ing for the Committee of Sufety in the earlier part of the war. John Ward Oilman, who lived in the old house on the north side of Water Street near string bridge, now owned by Sir. Alva Wood, manufactured for the newly-formed State a seal, the impression of which, no doubt, is found upon the commissions of the period. The device was certainly more appropriate than the ship on the stocks, which for some unknown reason was subsequently adopted, and is retained on the present seal. It consisted of the fasces, the em- blem of authority, on one side of which was a pine- tree and on the other a fish, in allusion to two of the chief sources of the early prospe'rity of the colony. An appropriate inscription surrounded the whole. Thomas Odiorne was a representative in the Legis- lature during a portion of 1776, and was afterwards a member of the Committee of Safety. He furnished a considerable amount of clothing for the soldiers, and was intrusted with the purchase of equipments for the field, among other tbings ■" colors for Col. Cilley's regiment." Theodore Carlton, who appears to have opened a tavern during the war, had some of Col. Poor's sol- diers quartered there for a time. Meu enlisted for the army in a time-of actual hostilities are proverb- ially not the quietest of lodgers, and it is not strange that Mr. Carlton found that his premises sustained some damage. A committee reported thereon that there were " 42 squares of glass broke, 2 stairs broke, 6 doors gone, several others broke, and plaistering broke down in several rooms.'' Capt. Eliphalet Ladd, the father of William Ladd, the " apostle of peace," had occasional business with the committee and the Legislature. He was a man of untiring energy, and did not suffer the war to check his enterprise. He was engaged in trade on a considerable scale, and built ships and planned voy- ages in spite of the enemy's cruisers. He met with heavy losses, but on the whole was thought to have increased his property during the Revolution. . Constable Joseph Lamson's official aid was occa- sionally called into requisition by the Committee of Safety when sitting in a judicial capacity. He sum- moned the witnesses, and perhaps waited on the prisoners to and from the jail. For the town he acted as a general disbursing agent and factotum. Among his multifarious charges in 1776 was one " for warning four families out of town." This was not, as might be imagined, an act of inhospitality or a reflection on the morals of the families alluded to. It simply implied that they had liUle visible means of support, and were considered liable to become paupers. A town was then responsible for the sup- port of all its inhabitants falling into pauperism, who had resided therein for a certain period without being formally notified to depart. It was the practice, therefore, of the prudent town authorities to serve the " warning" process upon every family that seemed in danger of coming to want. The proceeding was probably thought to be rather a harsh reminder of impending poverty, and another generation wiped it from the statute-book. JIany as were the embarrassing questions with which the Committee of Safety were called on to wrestle, it is doubtful if they were ever more non- plussed than when a party of Indians were consigned to their hospitality. To what tribe these sons of the forest belonged we have no record. The few facts known indicate that, being friendly to the American cause, they visited the headquarters of the army out of curiosity and for the purpose of expressing their good wishes. The commanding general, probably at a loss to know what to do with them, relieved himself of the dilemma by forwarding them to the New Hamp- shire capital. They arrived in Exeter in the early part of 1776, but did not make a long stay. The Commit- tee of Safety no doubt regarded them as an elephant- ine prize. Our streets were for a few days enlivened by the spectacle, familiar enough a century before, of the red men in their barbaric costume; then the dis- tinguished visitors, sickened by overmuch good cheer perhaps, came into the doctor's hands, and at length were forwarded at the public charge to Suncook, igno- miniously, in a storm. About a dozen pounds paid the expenses of the visitation. We cannot better close these too meagre and desul- tory notices of our town and its people at the heroic period when our independence was achieved than by an outline of the most impressive occurrence that Exeter witnessed during the eventful year of 1776. When the dispute with Britain was begun, it was with no general expectation that it would result in a severance between the colonies and the mother- country. The provincials professed perfect loyalty, and assumed self-government only during "the pres- ent unhappy and unnatural contest with Great Brit- ain.'' But as the struggle went on the popular ideas became modified, and the public came at length to comprehend that it was idle to expect to reunite ties which the sword had sundered. A few sagacious minds had foreseen this from the outset. It is due to the able leaders of the popular movement in New Hampshire that it should be gen- erally known that they contemplated the assumption of independence, and suggested it in an eloquent offi- cial letter from their Convention of Delegates to the Continental Cohgress as early as the 23d of May, 1775. This is the first allusion to the subject in any known communication from an organized body in the country. 260 HISTOKY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTr, NEW HAMPSHIRE. As the sentiment of the whole people became gradually ripe for the final step of separation from Britain, movements were made in the Colonial Legis- latures looking to that result. In New Hampshire a committee of both Houses reported on the 15th of June, 1776, instructions to " our Delegates in the Continental Congress to join with the other colonies in declaring the Thirteen United Colonies a Feee AND Independent State, solemnly pledging our faith and honor that we will, on our parts, support the measure with our Lives and Fortunes." From this time forward there was impatience in the breast of every true friend of liberty to blot out the very memory of subjection, to make way for the new and glorious career that was opening for the in- fant nation. The action of Congress was waited for anxiously, longingly, eagerly. At length the wished-for moment arrived. An ex- press dashed into the village of Exeter bearing a letter addressed to the Convention of New Hamp- shire, and authenticated by the manly signature of John Hancock. The Legislature had adjourned, but the president was here, perhaps waiting for the im- portant missive. It was determined that the contents of the letter, containing the glad tidings of the Dec- laration of Independence, should be forthwith pub- licly read. The honor of pronouncing for the first time in New Hampshire the impressive periods of that unequaled production was appropriately devolved upon John Taylor Gilman. No firing of cannon or ringing of bells was needed to give eclat to the occiasion ; the general joy was too sincere and heartfelt to find ex- pression in noisy demonstrations. Meshech Weare, president of the State, Matthew Thornton, who was himself soon to set his hand to the instrument,- Gen. Folsom, and Col. Pierse Long and Ebenezer Thomp- son, all members of the Committee of Safety, and tried and true patriots, were present. The news had spread with the speed of lightning through the town. The farmer dropped his scythe in the swath, the me- chanic left his saw in the kerf, and even the good wife forsook her spinning-wheel, while all gathered to hear the words which they felt were to give them freedom and a country. But perhaps there was no one of the audience whose heart was thrilled more deeply by the immortal Declaration than Col. Nicholas Gilman, the father of him who read it. He had put his whole life and energy into the cause of his country ; he foresaw that nothing but formal separation from the parent State would prevent his dearest hopes from going down in darkness; he welcomed the words which rent the brightest jewel from Britain's crown with oy and thankfulness unutterable. The reader, from filial as well as patriotic sensibility, shared his emo- tion, and there were pauses when the rush of feeling o'ermastered speech. Exeter has witnessed many returns of the anniver- sary of our national birthday, and has listened to the utterances of lips touched with the living coal of elo- quence ; but the first reading of the Declaration of Independence, on the 18th of July, 1776, enchained the attention with a significance and power which have never since been paralleled. CHAPTER XXXVI. EXETER.— ((7on()it«c(i.) ANTINOMIAN INCIDENTS. The Outbreak of 1786— Arrival of the Mob— Firmness of Sullivan- En- •rollmeut of Company to Suppress the Insurgents — Nicholas Gilman, Captain — Raid on the Insurgents — Their Flight, Pursuit, and Capture — Release of the Indian Murderers. Bowen and Morrill — Arrival of George Whitefield — His last Sermon preached here, Sept, 29, 1770— His Death the following Day — First Heading of the Declaration of Inde- pendence in Exeter, by John Taylor Oilman — Washington's Visit — The Hoax of 1798 — Annexation to Massachusette. Fob some years after the close of the Revolutionary war the people were hardly recongiled to the situation. The times were hard, money was scarce, and the ac- quisition of independence had not freed them, as many fancied it would do, from the restraints of law. Complaints were rife among the people because the Legislature of the State would not authorize the issue of paper money, which many believed was the pan- acea for their fiscal troubles. At length the discontent became so intensified that it took an organized form among the people of several interior towns in Rock- ingham County, and on the morning of Sept. 20, 1786, the rumor reached Exeter that a' body of men were about to enter the town to obtain in one way or an- other "a redress of grievances.'' During the fore- noon a great number of persons, attracted by the re- port, came into town from the neighboring places, not for the purpose of joining in any illegal demonstra- tion, but to witness what was about to take place. The Legislature was in session in the meeting-house, which stood nearly on the site of the present lower church, while the Supreme Court was sitting in the court-house, which was on the opposite side of the street, occupying about the centre of what is now the entrance to Court Street. Between two and three o'clock in the afternoon the expected assemblage made its appearance, coming down Front Street. It had been formed into the semblance of a military array at Kingston, and con- sisted of about two hundred persons or a little more, about one-half of them on foot and provided with fire- arms or swords, and the residue following in the rear on horseback and carrying clubs and whips. They halted near the residence of the late Nathaniel Gilman, on Front Street, and asked civilly for water. They then marched down the street, and passing over the great bridge turned and came back as far as the court-house, which they surrounded, under the mis- taken belief that the Legislature was in session there. EXETEK. 261 Judge Samuel Livermore, who was upon the bench,, sternly ordered that the business should proceed with- out pause, and forbade any one to look from the win- dows. The mob in a few minutes became aware of their mistake, and attempted to surround the meeting-house. The spectators who were packed somewhat densely in and about the yard of the, church yielded only inch by inch, and it was an hour or more before the riotous assemblage reached the building. They then placed guards at the doors and windows, and announced in substance that they meant to keep the members of the General Court in durance until they passed a law for the emission of paper money, which should be a legal tender for debts and taxes. One member only is reported to have escaped from the building, and he got out of a window. John Sullivan, the president of the State, was pres- ent in the meeting-house, — a man of resolution and a soldier. He made his appearance before the excited crowd, and said to them that they " need not expect to frighten him, for he had smelt powder before." In allusion to the demand which some of them had made for justice he said, " You ask for justice, and justice you shall have." It was noticeable that he did not advise the crowd to disperse, however; he undoubtedly felt that it was better to crush the insurrection in the bud. It pres- ently grew towards evening, and the good citizens of Exeter began to think it was time that a little press- ure should be applied to the insurgents. Agreeably to a suggestion of Col. Nathaniel Gilman, a drum was beaten a little way oflT as if a body of soldiers were approaching, while he himself with his stentorian voice cried out something about " Hackett's artillery." The mob waited for nothing further, but incontinently took to their heels, and did not pause till they had reached the outskirts of the village. They passed the night near, where the passenger depot of the railroad formerly stood. No sooner was the village relieved from their pres- ence than effectual steps were taken to suppress the rising. The Legislature having given the proper au- thority, the president at once sent orders into the neighboring towns to assemble the militia. A volun- teer company of the principal citizens of Exeter was immediately enrolled under the command of Nicholas Gilman, who had served in the Eevolutionary army, and was afterwards a senator of the United States. By the next morning the village of Exeter was a scene of no small excitement and military display. A large body of troops, horse and foot, were assembled, and, under the direction of the president and the imme- diate command of Gen. Joseph Cilley, they marched with military music to meet the force of the insur- gents, the armed portion of whom were drawn up on the ridge beyond little river, on the Kingston road. The government column, with the Exeter volun- teer company holding the post of honor in the front, moved to within the distance of some forty rods from the opposing party, when Gen. Cilley, at the head of a small number of horsemen, dashed forward and across the stream, and by a cmip de main seized and made prisoners of the leaders of the insurgents. The remainder broke and fled, but were pursued, and quite a number of them captured. Joseph French, of Hampatead, James Cochran, of Pembroke, and John McKean, of Londonderry, were the principal persons engaged in the riotous demon- stration. Some of the prisoners were indicted, others were brought to a court-martial, and still others were dealt with by ecclesiastical authority, but while all were pretty thoroughly frightened and very penitent, none of them were severely punished. The spirit of organized resistance to law and order received on this occasion a timely and effectual check, and the State authorities and people of Exeter are en- titled to no little credit for their judicious and spirited conduct. In the afternoon of March 20, 1764, a troop of about thirty men, on horseback and carrying axes, made their appearance in Exeter. They came from Can- terbury, Contoooook, and the vicinity, and their pur- pose was probably pretty well understood in Exeter and throughout the province. Two trading Indians of the St. Francis tribe in Canada, Sabastis and Plausawa by name, had rendered themselves very obnoxious to the people of Canter- bury and Contoocook the preceding summer. Sabatis had been formerly concerned in spiriting away two blacks owned by inhabitants of Canterbury, and both Indians not only proclaimed the opinion that there was no harm in stealing negroes, but threatened and even offered violence to the wife of a white settler. They indulged in boasts of former deeds of bloodshed and robbery, and in threats of committing others, until the people were so alarmed and incensed that they sternly warned them to depart. The Indians would have done well to heed the admonition, but in complete infatuation they still lingered in the neigh- borhood, and abated not a jot of their blustering. Peter Bowen and one Morrill, with whom they were staying, at length undoubtedly concerted a plan to take their lives. Bowen, who was a rough and vio- lent man, procured a gallon of rum from Rumford and treated the Indians to it freely, until they be- came intoxicated. Meantime his confederates took the opportunity to draw the charges from the In- dians' guns, and then enticed them into the woods, where Bowen slew them almost without resistance. Yet so great was the dread and hatred of the In- dians which prevailed throughout the province, and so favorably was the story related for the murderers, that when Bowen and Morrill were indicted for mur- der and imprisoned in Portsmouth jail to await their trial, the public sentiment was aroused most strongly in their behalf. Their trial was fixed for March 21, 1754, and the cavalcade which appeared in Exeter on 262 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the preceding day, as already mentioned, was com- posed of persons who were determined to rescue the accused persons from imprisonment. A few of the people of Exeter are said to have joined the lawless hand, but their names have not survived to our time. The party, thus reinforced, rode through mud and snow that night to Ports- mouth, beat down the doors of the jail, knocked off the irons from Morrill and Bowen, and set them free. Rewards were offered by the Governor for the rearrest of the prisoners, but they were never retaken, though they were at their homes again as usual soon after. Their course was justified by the popular voice, and it was not thought expedient to molest them or their rescuers. In no very long time the incidents would have been generally forgotten but for a song which some village poetaster composed on the occasion, and which preserved the memory of the transaction, being afterwards commonly sung at the huskings in Exeter. Sixteen years afterwards an occurrence of a very dif- ferent character aroused the attention of the town. News was brought that George Whitefield, a preacher of world-wide celebrity, was to address the people of Exeter. It may easily be supposed that none would willingly lose the opportunity of hearing his eloquent voice. So, although the time appointed was the fore- noon of Saturday (Sept. 29, 1770), almost the entire population thronged to the church where he was to ofBciate, which stood nearly on the spot where Mrs. Oobbs' house now is. The building was not capable of containing the crowd, and Mr. Whitefield determined to address them in the open air, a course he was often com- pelled to adopt. It is said that he at first essayed to speak from the meeting-house steps, but the sun shining in his face, he crossed to the other side of the street, where some boards laid across two barrels or hogsheads furnished him a stand, from which he preached to his out-door congregation a discourse nearly two hours in length, from 2 Corinthians xiii. 5. This was the last sermon which that eloquent and devoted minister delivered. He went in the after- noon to Newburyport, Mass., where, the very next morning, he breathed his last. So that Exeter wit- nessed the closing effort in the career of one of the most distinguished divines of the world, whose name will be held in honor and reverence so long as zeal, piety, and self-denial shall be known and appre- ciated. It was nearly six years after the death of the ear- nest and eloquent Whitefield. In that period an im- mense change had taken place in the opinions, feel- ings, and situation of the American colonists. From remonstrances and petitions against the exactions of the mother-country they had proceeded to open and armed resistance, and at length to the decisive step of declaring themselves independent of the British crown. In June, 1776, the Legislature of New Hamp- shire instructed her delegates in Congress to join with those of the other colonies 'n such a measure, and on Thursday, the 18th day of July following, the Declaration of the thirteen United Colonies of North America, authenticated by the bold signature of John Hancock, reached Exeter by express, having been fourteen days on the road from Philadelphia. The Committee of Safety, sometimes called the Little Congress, was in session at the time, and we can readily believe that the startling but joyful in- telligence that the Rubicon was passed flew rapidly from lip to lip through the village. It was deter- mined that the immortal words should be read in public, and the impatient citizens thronged in a dense mass about the front yard of the lower church — or "colony house," as it was termed when used for civic purposes — to witness the formality. The venerable president of the Council, Meshech Weare, with the members of the committee and other principal citi- zens of the town and county, made their appearance before the assembled people, with John Taylor Gil- man, who was selected for the honor of first pro- nouncing on New Hampshire soil the words of the charter of American liberty. As he read the impres- sive, solemn, and eloquent periods of the Declaration the great concourse before him listened in silence but with deep emotion, and he himself was so overcome with the tumult of his feelings on the joyful and mo- mentous occasion that he was for a time incapable of proceeding. The emotions of the hearers were too deep for applause, but the words found a response in their inmost hearts, and thenceforward there was no hesitation nor faltering. Nothing short of absolute independence was admissible, as the result of the contest, from that time forth. Thirteen years later Exeter saw another sight not soon to be forgotten by its citizens. The war was happily concluded, independence won, and, the insuf- ficiency of the old confederation becoming apparent, a new form of government had been established. Washington, the savior of his country, had been elected its fir.st Chief Magistrate, and after the new administration was fairly launched had set forthon a tour through the Northern States. It was known that he was to leave Portsmouth on the 4th day of Novem- ber, 1789, for Exeter, and the good people made their preparations to meet him with a cavalcade of citizens to escort him into town. But they mistook the hour of his departure from Portsmouth, or forgot his rigid habits of punctuality, for before the volunteers were in the saddle Washington made his appearance. He arrived here before ten o'clock in the forenoon, ac- companied by his secretaries. Col. Lear and Maj. Jackson, and a single servant. Washington rode in an open carriage, and is said to have worn a drab surtout and military hat. The street was lined with spectators as he drove up to the door of the residence of Col. Samuel Folsom, who, as was not unusual among the leading men of that day, kept a public- house. It was the same dwelling now occupied by EXETER. 263 George W. Dearborn, at the easterly corner of Court Square and Water Street. It is unnecessary to say that the whole population gathered eagerly to catch a glimpse of the distin- guished visitor. Col. Nicholas Oilman, who had been an officer of the staff under the commander-in-chief at Yorktown, and other officers of the Revolution and principal citizens, paid their respects to Wash- ington, and did the honors of the town. They in- vited him to remain and partake of a public dinner, which his arrangements compelled him reluctantly, as his diary informs us, to decline. He, however, ac- cepted a breakfast or collation at the public-house, on which occasion a young lady related to Col. Fol- som waited on him at table. His quick eye dis- covered that she was not a servant, and tradition in- forms us that he called her to him, addressed her a few pleasant words, and kissed her. The hour or two of his stay in Exeter were soon over, and he again resumed his journey by Kingston towards Haverhill, Mass. He was accompanied a part of the distance by some of the gentlemen of the town. When he reached the top of Great Hill he called on his driver to stop, and casting his eyes back over the wide and charming landscape he remarked in admiring tones upon its beauty, and with this pleasant word at parting he bade our town adieu. Nine years later a ludicrous occurrence took place in Exeter, in connection with an expected visit from Washington's successor in the office of President. In the summer of 1798, while the court was in session and the public-houses filled to overflowing, two young men from Boston drove into town at a late hour, and attempted to obtain lodgings for the night. There was no room at any public-house, and the private houses were all closed and dark. The young men cast about for an expedient to rouse the people. It took but a moment to concoct a story. They informed the sitters-up at the public-houses that President Adams was coming on from Haverhill to Exeter that night, and would shortly arrive. They had ridden on in advance to give the information. The news spread like wildfire. Lights were soon visible in every house, and there was mounting in hot haste to form a caval- cade for the President's reception. Meantime the two young men who had caused all this commotion found a private house whose occupants being aroused were willing to give them lodgings, and were soon snug in bed; while the victims of their practical joke, after having waited and ridden for hours in vain, were fain at last to betake themselves to rest, with the consciousness of having been egregiously hoaxed. It is doubtful whether it was any satis- faction for them to feel that though they were too late to escort Washington, they could not be said to be behind time with regard to Adams. Annexation of Massachusetts.— The following inhabitants of Exeter petitioned in 1739 to be an- nexed to Massachusetts : In Bxeteb. — Duniel Gilman, Jona Norres, John Burgin, Rubert Light, Trueworthy Gilman, Peter Gilmau, Benjii Thing, Nathl Webster, Daniel Gael, Jona Gilman, Simon Gilman, Joaiah Oilman, James Leavit, Jr, Samll Thing, Israel Gilman, John Kiniltal, Andrew Gil- man, John Light, Jacob Tilton, Samll Gilman, Nicholas Gilman, John Gilman, John Lord, John Odlin, Thomaa Deane, Edward Hall, MosGH Gilman, Nathl Bartlett, Tliomas Lord, John Gilman 4th, John Leavit, Joseph Thing, Johu Marsh, Daniel Thing, Phillip Con- nor, Jona Gliden {his mark), Jona Foulsom (his mark), Jona Foul- Bom, Abraham Fonlsom, James Gordon, Eph Foulsom (hia mark), Thos Gording (his mark), Benjamin Fificld (his mark), Bonj. Jud- kitis (Inn mark), Joseph Thing, Jr, Peter Thing, Jeremiah Gilman, Jr, Edward Gilman, Darbey Kelly, Abner Coffin, Joh Judkius, Benj, Foulsom (his mark), Nicholas Gordon, Jr (his mark), John Quimby, James Gilman, Dudley Odlin, Ezekl Gilman, Nathl Bartlett, Jr, Joseph Scribner, Joshua Gilman, Abner Thriston, Peter Foulsom, John Haines, Sanill Conner, Daniel Thirston, Benj'a Conner, Na- thaniel Gorden Hardy or Benja Rollins, Jr, Stephen Gilman, Nathl Thing, John Foulsom, Jr, Saml Stevens, Jr, Jethro , John Gor- den, Jr, James Leavit, Bbenezer Light, Moses Swett, Sanill Elkins, Jr, Jona Wadleigh, Dudley Leavit, Benj;i Smith, Jeremiah Calfe, Jerema Calfe, Jr, Saml Edgerly, Daniel Calfe, James Calfe, Benjiimin Mead, Thomas Wilson, James Bean, Joshua Wilson, Nathl Ladd, abez Sanborn, Thomas Edgerly, Daniel Folsom, John Bowden, John Hutchinson, Ephraim Robinson, John Dudley, Edw. Colcord, Rich- ard Preson, Daniel Elkins, Jeremiah Veasey, Juna Gilman, Jr, James Folsom, William Doran, Elias Ladd, Cuffin Thing, Abraham Folsom, Edward Thing, Jonathan Thing, William Lamson, Sanill Lamson, Daniel Young, Joseph Gorden, Daniel Homan, Jeremiah Conner, John Lo»ge, John Gilman, John Gilman, Humphrey Wil- son. John Rice, Thomas Lyford, Cornelius Conner, Samuel DoUof, Saml Stevens, Amos DoUof, Theopbilus Hardy, Jr, Edward Stevens (his mark), Ephm Philbrok (his mark), Jona Dollof (his mark), Henry Marshall, Biley Hardy, Kinsley James, Francis James, Cliarlea Rundlet, Peter Folsom, Ben. Swain, John Baird, John George, Thomas Webster, Jr, Thomas Kimmiug, James Whidden, Nicholas Gorden, Henry Steel, Danl Giles, Jr (his mark), Thomas Bobiuson, Nathaniel Folsom, Jno Smith, Ebenezer Martin (hia maik), Davisnn Dudley, Francis Bracket, John Bobarts, Alex Roberts (hia mark), Jonathan Young, Michael Bowden, Nicho Gilman, Jr, Nehemiah Gilman, John Steel, Joseph Graves, Edward West (his mark), Ed- ward Scribner, John Scribner, William Gi-aves, Geo. Roberts, Stephn Loal, Timothy Gorden, Job Kennison, Joseph Louncan, John Lov- ern, Joseph Giles, Eljenezer Colcord, Elijah Vickery, Nathan Taylor, James Dudley, Jr, Jonathan Smith, Jr, Daniel Lary, James Young, Benj. Scribner, Daniel Giles, Samuel Dudley, Jr, Israel Smith, John Giles,Saml Young, James Dudley, John Brown, Josiah i\Iiiody,Zecha- riah Judkins, William Smith, Israel Smith, Daniel Gorden, John Rob- erts Jr, Nicholas Dollof, Joseph Atkinson (his mark), James Robin- son, Nicholas Dudley, Timothy Leavit, Stephen Leavit, Samll Smith Cooper, Samuel Roberts, Sealey Leavit, Benja Gilman, Daniel Warmall, Nicholas Dudley Jr, Waley Stevens, Josiah Thing, Carter Gilman, Joseph Taylor (his mark), John Farrar, Jonathan Dudley, Samuel Dudley, John Odlin, Jr, Philip Wadleigh, George Creston, Robert Young, Samuel Magodi, Benony Gorden, William Graves, Jr, Edward Ladd, John Lufkin, James Gorden, Jr, Israel Young, Samll Dudley, Jr, Clement Moody, Jeremiah Beean, Samll Rich- ardson, Jonathan Gorden, Joseph Leavit, David Smith, Ambros Hindes, James Norris, Daniel Lad, Josiah Lad, Caleb Gilman, Jr, Richard Dollof, Jr, John Leavit, Jr, Curtis Bean, David Dollof, Daniel Lary, Klieha Odlin, Peter Coffin, John Gorden, Nicholas Perryman, Theopbilus Hardy, Jonathan Conner, John Canby, Stephen Lyford, Benjamin Dollof, .buia Gilman, Moses Con- nor, Nathl Gilman, Trueworthy Dudley, Jeremiah Bean, John Foul- som ters, Robert Patten, Jacob Smith, Jona Smith, Jr, Samll Smith, Samuel Lary, John Norris, Dudley James, Francis James. Exeter, 262. 264 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. CHAPTEE XXXVII. EXETER.— (Coii«iniied.) ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. Firat Congregational Church — The Second Congregational Church — The Baptist Church — The Methodist Episcopal Church — Episcopal Church — Roman Catholic — Unitarian — Advent. First Congregational Church. — The little colony which accompanied or followed John Wheelwright to the falla of Squamscott in 1688, was essentially a relig- ious one. It was composed in great part of those who had been members of his flock in England, and of those who had suffered for adhering to hia theological opinions in Massachusetts. It is not strange, there- fore, that a church was gathered within a few months after their arrival here. From therecordsof the church at Boston we learn that on the 30th of December, 1688, " dismission was granted to our brethren, Mr. John Wheelwright, Richard Morris, Richard Bulgar, Phile- mon Pormont, Christopher Marshall, Isaac Grosse, George Wayte, Thomas Wardhall, and William Ward- hall unto the church at the falls of Pascataquack, if they be rightly gathered and ordered." It is probable that they all became members of the first church of Exeter, and that an equal or larger number of Wheel- wright's former English parishioners were also con- nected with it. Of the thirty-four pA'sons who signed the " combination" with Wheelwright in 1689, we know from the preamble of the instrument itself that a part were brethren of the church, and the others in- habitants simply. It has been stated, upon what au- thority we know not, that the church was formed of eight members, comprising Wheelwright and those who, as his adherents, had been dismissed from the church in Boston ; but this is apparently erroneous. As no records are in existence to afford the informa- tion, the number of those who composed the original church can probably never be ascertained, but there is reason to believe that among them were at least one-half of the signers of the combination. It is evi- dent from the terms of the mode of government adopted by the settlers, and from their laws and or- dinances, that the religious element was the control- ling one in their little community. Mr. Wheelwright remained in Exeter, as is sup- posed, until 1643, when all the settlements in New Hampshire having passed under the authority of Massachusetts, from which colony be had been ban- ished, he removed with a few connections and inti- mate friends to Wells in Maine. It is probable that he did this from an apprehension that he might be subjected to further annoyance if he continued within the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, without having made his peace with the authorities of that colony. There is some reason to believe that Mr. Wheel- wright's removal was not expected to be permanent. There are votes upon the town records which indi- cate that the inhabitants understood that he might return to Exeter. And before he had been very long at Wells, too, he took the first steps towards a recon- ciliation with the authorities of Massachusetts, which resulted in the reversal of the sentence of banishment against him. When it became evident that Mr. Wheelwright was not to return, the people of Exeter made an attempt to call the aged Stephen Bachiler, who had been dis- missed from Hampton for irregular conduct, to become their minister. But as there was a division on the subject among the people, and as Mr. Bachiler was not thought to be a peace-maker, the General Court of Massachusetts interfered, and prohibited any ac- tion in the premises " until this court or the court of Ipswich, upon further satisfaction of their (the people's) reconciliation or fitness, shall give allow- ance thereunto." Divers petitions from Hampton and Exeter followed, and the court ordered two or three magistrates to go to Hampton with full power to hear and determine all differences there. The re- sult was that the intention of settling Mr. Bachiler was abandoned. In 1646 another attempt was made to procure a minister in Exeter, and some of the inhabitants went so far as to bind themselves to pay what Mr. Wheel- wright should ask for his house and land, for the use of Mr. Nathaniel Norcro.sse, who was a young min- ister and a " university scholar," in Massachusetts. It is not known that Mr. Norcrosse received a call; if he did, it was not accepted. There were still divi- sions and dissensions among the people in regard to their spiritual affairs, and at least one petition was forwarded on that account to the General Court of Massachusetts, the great resort for the remedy of all grievances, and on the 27th of October, 1647, that body passed an order that Mr. Ezekiel Rogers, Mr. Nathaniel Rogers, and Mr. Norton be requested and authorized " to examine the grounds of the com- plaint, and if it may be, to compose things among them (the people of Exeter), which if they cannot do, then to certify to this court what they find, and also think best to be done, which may conduce to peace and the continuance of the ordinances amongst them.'' Possibly the labors of these gentlemen may have had a pacifying effect upon the discordant elements, for on the 16th of November, 1648, it was voted by the inhabitants of Exeter that Mr. Thompson, of Braintree, be invited to become their minister, " and in case he can be attained to come, that he shall be allowed by the town thirty pounds a year and the profits that shall come to the town by the saw-mill, and the use of the house and land which was pur- chased of Mr. Wheelwright so long as he continues with us as a minister ; and Christopher Lawson, Ed- ward Oilman, and John Legat are appointed to act in the invitation to him if he may be attained, or if not, then to have power to act in the invitation of some other, with the counsel and advice of the elders of Boston, Charlestown, and Roxbury." EXETER. 265 It would appear that Mr. Thompson declined the invitation. At a town-meeting held the 22d of April, 1649, it was voted to invite Mr. Emerson, of Rowley, to come to Exeter as the minister; but he did not see fit to accept the call. But the wishes of the people were at length grati- fied ; for at a town-meeting on the 30th of May, 1650, it was unanimously agreed between Rev. Samuel Dudley and the town of Exeter " that Mr. Dudley is forthwith, as soon as comfortable subsistence can be made by the town for him and his family in the house which was purchased of Mr. Wheelwright, that then the said Mr. Dudley is to come and inhabit Exeter, and to be a minister of God's word unto us until such time as God shall be pleased to make way for the gathering of a church, and then to be ordained our pastor or teacher according to the' ordinance of God." The town agreed to fit up the Wheelwright house, and to fence in a yard and garden, and to allow forty pounds a year towards the maintenance of Mr. Dudley and his family, with the use and sole improvement of the house and lands and meadow bought of Mr. Wheelwright, during the time he, Mr. Dudley, should continue to be their minister. The town also agreed that " what cost Mr. Dudley should bestow about the said house and lands in the time of his improvement, the town is- to allow unto him or his so much as the said house and lands are bettered by it at the time of the said Mr. Dudley's leaving it, either by death or some more than ordinary call of God other ways." And it was further stipulated " that the old cow-house which was Mr. Wheel- wright's shall by the town be fitted up fit for the setting of cattle in, and that the aforesaid pay of forty pounds a year is to be made in good pay every half year in corn and English commodities at a price current as they go generally in the country at the time or times of payment." The agreement with Mr. Dudley took effect imme- diately, and he undoubtedly entered upon the dis- charge of his ministerial functions at once. Indeed, there is reason to believe that he had been serving the town in the same capacity before that time. We learn, moreover, from the agreement that the church that had been gathered and maintained during Mr. Wheelwright's stay in Exeter had failed to preserve its organization for the seven years when it was with- out a pastor. At a town-meeting on the 26th of June, 1650, it was voted to pay Francis Swaine twenty shillings "for his pains and time in going into the bay to col- lect Mr. Dudley his pay." This refers, no doubt, to the " English commodities" which the town were to furnish Mr. Dudley in part payment of his salary. There was little money in the frontier settlement, and some merchant in the bay (Massachusetts) was contracted with to supply the imported goods for Mr. Dudley, and to receive in exchange from his Exeter parishioners lumber and such other articles as they could furnish. At the same town-meeting it was resolved "that a meeting-house shall be built, of twenty foot square, as soon as workmen can conveniently be procured to do it, and the place appointed for it is at the corner of William Taylor's lot next the street, and William Taylor is to have of the town twenty shillings for five rods square of his land in that place." The people of Exeter having engaged the services of Mr. Dudley, took prompt and efficient measures to procure the payment of his stipulated salary. The town records inform us that at a meeting on the 5th of December, 1650, it was " agreed upon that the townsmen (who performed substantially the duties of selectmen) shall have power to make a rate upon all such of the inhabitants of the town as do not volun- tarily bring in according to their abilities, for the satisfying of the town's engagement unto Mr. Dud- ley for his maintenance." It had previously been determined that every inhabitant of the town should pay, " for every thousand of pipe-staves they made, two shillings, which should be for the maintenance of the ministry ; and for every thousand of hogshead- staves, one and sixpence; and for every thousand of bolts that is sold before they be made into staves, four shillings ; and also what is due from the saw- mills shall be for the maintenance of the ministry."' And in order to establish the priority of this claim above all others, it was provided that " any man that shall deliver any staves or bolts before they have satisfied the town order shall pay ten shillings for every thousand staves, and twenty shillings for every thousand bolts." It was also voted at said meeting on the 5th of December, 1650, that if Francis Swaine and Henry Roby, or either of them, shall make a bargain with any able merchant of the bay to pay or cause to be paid unto Mr. Dudley the sum of forty pounds in good English commodities in May next, for his whole year's maintenance, and to accept of hogshead-staves or pipe-staves for the said forty pounds worth of goods, then the town do agree to stand to their bar- gain which they shall make, and to bring in their proportional parts of hogshead-staves or pipe-staves unto the said Henry Roby or Francis Swaine to sat- isfy their agreement.'' While the inhabitants were thus solicitous to secure their minister from want, they were no less ready to protect him from defamation. They authorized the three townsmen — Henry Roby, Thomas King, and John Legat — " to vindicate the credit and reputation of Mr. Dudley against the reproachful speeches and calumniations of John Garland, by proceeding against him in law, according to the demerits of his ofi'ence." It is not known that any suit was ever brought against the slanderer; he probably found means by apology, or otherwise, to avoid such a result. Apparently nothing was done under the vote to 266 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. build a meeting-house, passed June 26, 1650, for a couple of years after. To be sure, at a town-meeting held Sept. 1, 1652, it was ordered that the house should " begin to be built upon the next second day (Monday), and a rate to be made how much work every man shall do towards it, and so to be called forth to work upon it by Thomas King and John Legat as need shall require ; that the work be not neglected till it be finished, and that every man that neglects to come to work upon a day's warning, he shall pay five shillings a day, to be forthwith levied by the constable." Yet at a subsequent meeting, July 8, 1652, "it was ordered that a meeting-house shall forthwith be built, and that every man, both servants as well as others, shall come forth to work upon it as they are called out by the surveyor of the work, upon the penalty of five shillings for every day's neglect ; and teams are to be brought forth to the work by the owners as they are called for by the said surveyors upon the penalty of ten shillings a day for their neglect, and the surveyors or overseers appointed for the said work are Mr. Edward Oilman, Thomas King, and Edward Hilton, Jr., and they are to see the work finished and not to have it neglected." Undoubtedly the people were moved to commence and carry through the enterprise soon after; for a vote of the town' in November, 1652, alludes to the "finishing" of the building, and the return of a board of commissioners to lay out the west part of Hamp- ton, in August, 1653, mentions the "Exeter meeting- house," which would imply that it was then com- pleted. Where Mr. Dudley's congregation worshiped in the mean time, whether in the primitive structure that is understood to have been erected in Mr. Wheel- wright's ministry or elsewhere, we have no means of knowledge, nor is it certainly known where this church was located ; but there is reason to believe that it was not far from the site which tradition as- signs to the earlier building. It continued to be used as the place for public worship for more than forty years. In 1664 a lean-to with a chimney was added to the meeting-house, to serve as a watch-house. Some time after this, probably, Edward Smith, Biley Dud- ley, Edward Gilman, and perhaps others built a gal- lery in the house, which was confirmed to them by a vote of the town in 1678; and at the same time said Smith, Gilman, Jonathan Thing, Peter Folsom, Na- thaniel Lad, and Moses Levit were allowed to build a gallery for their wives at the end of the men's gal- lery, leaving room for still another, if desired, which Mrs. Sarah Wadley, Sarah Young, Alice Gilman, Abigail Wadley, Ephraim Marden's wife, Grace Gil- man, and Mary Lawrence had leave to erect and set up at the north end of the house. It would appear that within a few years after Mr. Dudley's settlement the town had lost some inhabit- ants, perhaps persons of means, so that they were un- able to continue his salary; and as he "was not wil- ling to urge that from them which they could not comfortably discharge," it was agreed between them, on the 13th of June, 1655, that "the contract made at the time of his settlement should be annulled, that he should lay down his minister-character, and that his future exercises on the Sabbath-day should be done as a private person, he intending and promising to be helpful, what so may with convenience, either in his own house or some other which shall be ap- pointed for the Sabbath exercises." The next year the town of Portsmouth, under- standing, probably, that Mr. Dudley was relieved of his Exeter charge, passed a vote to invite him to re- move thither and become their minister, and the selectmen of that town were authorized to communi- cate the vote and make a contract with him. He re- ceived the proposition favorably, and agreed to visit Portsmouth the next spring. The danger of losing their minister seems to have aroused the inhabitants of Exeter to new efforts, for at " a full town-meeting" on the 8th of June, 1657, "it was ordained and agreed that so long as Mr. Samuel Dudley shall continue to be a minister in the town of Exeter, which shall be till there be some just cause for him to remove, whereof he is not to be judge himself, but other indifferent, understanding men, — the fewness of- the people, or greater main- tenance to be a cause are expected, — the town of Exeter is to pay the said Samuel the sum of fifty pounds yearly in merchantable pine boards and mer- chantable pipe-staves, both to be delivered at the water-side, at the town of Exeter, at the current price as they shall go at when they are delivered." The residue, in case full compensation was not thus made, was to be taken in corn, and the payments were to be in equal installments on the 29th of September and the 24th of June in each year. The wheelwright property was also fully confirmed to Mr. Dudley, and it was provided that the selectmen of the town should yearly " gather up" the said sum of fifty pounds, and in case they should fail to do so, they should be an- swerable to the town for their default, and make up out of their own pockets whatever they failed to col- lect ! It is somewhat doubtful if the selectmen of our day would be willing to accept such a liability ; and perhaps it was only the fear of being deprived of their minister which reconciled them to the condition two centuries ago. This action on the part of the town had the desired effect of inducing Mr. Dudley to abandon all thoughts of removing to Portsmouth, and to retain him to pur- sue his useful labors in Exeter. Mr. Dudley being an excellent man of business, and holding the pen of a ready writer, was frequently employed by his parishioners in secular affairs. At a nieeting of the town on the 4th of March, 1658, a grant of certain land was made to him in considera- tion of his drawing off" from the town book all the EXETER. 267 former grants and necessary orders in relation thereto, which it it was stipulated were to be " fairly written." It was also provided, singularly enough, that if he should'fkid recorded any grant or order to hinder this grant of land to himself, the latter should be void, which is evidence of the entire confidence re- posed by the people in his integrity. In 1660 something was needed to be done to the house of worship, either by way of addition or re- pairs, as the selectmen were authorized, in case they should be " forced to lay out of their own estates to- wards the fitting up of the meeting-house,'' to make a rate to reimburse themselves. This was a great advance on the earlier rule, which apparently re- quired the selectmen to make good any deficiency in the minister's salary ; and subsequent votes of the town, as will be seen, still further relieved them from responsibility in parochial affairs. At a town-meeting on the 15th of March, 1668, it was ordered that Lieut. Hall be empowered to " ar- rest and sue any that belong to the town that refuse to pay to the rate of the ministry." And in 1671 it was agreed that the selectmen should be exonerated from the duty of collecting the minister-rate, and that thenceforth Mr. Dudley was to "gather up his rate himself," in consideration whereof he was to receive sixty pounds, instead of fifty pounds, yearly. The se- lectmen were to assess the tax, and in case any in- habitant should refuse to pay, they were to empower Mr. Dudley to " get it by the constable." Either this method of obtaining his salary was im- practicable or unsatisfactory to Mr. Dudley, or the infirmities Of age soon compelled him to withdraw from his charge ; for it was but five years later that the place of worship in Exeter appears to have been strangely neglected, if we may give full credit to the allegations of the record of a court held at Hampton in May, 1676, which was as follows: "The town of Exeter being presented for letting their meeting-house lie open and common for cattle to go into, this Court doth order that the selectmen of Exeter do take ef- fectual care that the said house be cleaned, and be made clean enough for christians to meet in, and the doors hung and kept shut; and this to be done and signified to Mr. Dalton, under the hand of the con- stable, by the next Sabbath day, come se'ennight, or else to forfeit five pounds ; that for the time to come they should keep the said house commodiously tight and suitable for such a place, upon the like penalty." Mr. Dudley died in 1683, at the age of seventy- seven years, the last thirty-five of which he passed in Exeter; and was buried, it is believed, in the old graveyard near the present gas-works. He was con- nected by blood and marriage with some of the prin- cipal men of Massachusetts, and the people of Exeter were fortunate, in every respect, in having him to setfje among them. He was able to allay all jealous feelings on the part of Massachusetts towards Exeter by his acquaintance with the dignitaries of that colony, and he was unquestionably a diligent and faithful spiritual teacher and guide. For some years after Mr. Dudley's decease there was no settled or regular minister in Exeter, but it is probable that religious worship was conducted by such clergymen as might be temporarily engaged. In 1683, Rev. John Cotton, before and afterwards of Hampton, is mentioned in a contemporary account as of Exeter, so it is probable that he ministered here for a time. Elder William Wentworth certainly officiated here before October, 1690, as the town then voted to treat with him " for his continuance with them in the min- istry." Mr. Wentworth remained in the office of minister in Exeter until some time in 1693, when the growing infirmities of years must have disqualified him for the work. The course adopted by the town in selecting his successor strikingly illustrates the simple fashions of the time, and the general concern felt throughout the community in relation to the spiritual concerns of even a remote and feeble settlement. On the 23d of June, 1693, Capt. John Oilman and Biley Dudley were chosen " in behalf of the town to go to the neighboring ministers and take their advice for a meet person to supply the office of the ministry in the town of Exeter." The search seems to have been successful, for only three months afterward a com- mittee was raised to treat with Rev. John Clark, and on the 10th of October, in the same year, Capt. John Oilman, Capt. Peter Cofiin, and Capt. Robert Wad- leigh were empowered to agree with Mr. Clark to become the minister of Exeter, and to fix his salary for the first half-year, the town engaging to pay the same. But Mr. Clark was not to be secured at once. It is not known why he did not remove sooner to Exeter, but it may be conjectured that he_ required, not un- reasonably, that the inhabitants should first prove their disposition and ability to sustain a religious so-, ciety by erecting a suitable house of worship. How- ever that might have beeu, in January, 1695, at two meetings of the town, the subject of building a new meeting-house was discussed, and at length deter- mined ; and " the major part of the town saw cause to erect and set the house on the hill between the great fort and Nat Folsom's barn." But the location of a public building is never an easy matter for a town to agree upon, and a controversy afterwards arose in regard to it, which was only settled at last by a com- mittee chosen for the purpose. Capt. Coffin was em- ployed to keep the account of the work done by the inhabitants upon the house, and the rate allowed was three shillings a day for men, and for lads what the committee should order. The location decided upon was just in front of the site of the present lower (First Congregational ) church, and there the meeting-house, evidently of no mean proportions, was placed, being completed about the beginning of the year 1697. It had doors at the east 268 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. and west ends, the pulpit on the north side, and stairs leading to a women's gallery on the south side. Pews were built round the sides, and the middle space was probably occupied with benches. At a town-meeting on the 3d of February, 1697, it was voted " that the new meeting-house should be seated by the committee now chosen, viz., Capt. Moore, Mr. Smart, Biley Dudley, Capt. Hall, Lieut. Leavitt, and Mr. Moses Leavitt; and the committee have full power to seat the people in their places and power to grant places for pews to whom they see meet ; and those men that have places for pews shall sit in them with their families, and not be seated nowhere else." On the same day the committee assigned places for pews, as follows : to Kinsley Hall, his wife and five children, at the west door ; to Moses Leavitt and fam- ily, at the left hand of hall ; to Edward Hilton, for wife and son Winthrop, his wife and two daughters, Mary and Sobriety, on the north side of the meeting- house, joining to the pulpit and Moses Leavitt's pew ; to Richard Hilton, for himself, wife, children, mother, and sister Rebecca, on the north side of the meeting- house, joining to the parsonage pew ; to Mr. Wilson, his wife and son Thomas, and two daughters, Martha and Mary, and Elizabeth Gilman, joining unto Rich- ard Hilton's, on the east side of the meeting-house; to Nicholas Gilman and wife, and John and Else and Catherine, at the east door ; to Robert Wadleigh and wife and son Jonathan a place at the south side, ad- joining to the women's stairs ; and to Elizabeth Coffin, widow of Robert Coffin, and children, Simon Wiggin and family, next to Jeremiah Oilman's. It is probable that Mr. Clark preached for a time in Exeter before his ordination, which was fixed to be on the 21st of September, 1698. The 7th of Sep- tember was ordered to be observed as a day of humilia- tion. On the Sunday preceding the ordination a confession of faith and covenant, which had been pre- viously agreed upon, were signed by the following- named persons, who were the first members of the first church in Exeter, the organization of which has ever since been maintained: John Clark (pastor), John Gilman, Peter Coffin, William Moore, Thomas Wiggin, Kinsley Hall, Theophilus Dudley, Samuel Leavitt, Biley Dudley, Moses Leavitt, John Folsom, Henry Wadleigh, Jonathan Robinson, Thomas Dud- ley, John Scrivener, Nicholas Gilman, Richard Glid- den, Elizabeth Gilman, Elizabeth Clark, Judith Wil- son, Margaret Beal, Sarah Dudley, Deborah Sinkler, Deborah Coffin, Sarah Lowell, Mehitabel Smith. The church having been organized on the day ap- pointed, the ordination exercises were performed by Rev. Mr. Hale, who preached the sermon. Rev. Mr. Pike, who made the prayer before imposition of hands, Rev. Mr. Woodbridge, who gave the charge, and Rev. Mr. Cotton, who gave the right hand of fellowship. Mr. Clark received at first sixty pounds a year for his salary, with the use of the parsonage lot and a certain meadow, to which ten pounds more were afterwards added to cover the expense of firewood and fencing of the lands. It was also agreed that the town should furnish him a parsonage house, but he subsequently consented to dispense with that stip- ulation on condition that the town should pay him one hundred pounds instead thereof. Mr. Clark remained in charge of the church in Exeter until his death in 1705, at the age of thirty- five years. He was highly esteemed by his people; they paid to his widow the full amount of his salary, and erected a tomb over his remains at the expense of the town, and twenty years later made repairs upon the same. The grave of Mr. Clark is in the yard of the lower church, and upon his tombstone were inscribed these lines: " A prophet lies under the stone, His words shall live tho' he be gone. Whfen preachers die, what rules the pulpit gave Of living are still preached from their grave. The faith and life which your dead pastor taught Now in one grave with him, sirs, bury not." A few days after the decease of Mr. Clark the town voted to observe the last Wednesday of August as a day of humiliation, and appointed a committee " to take care of the ministers" who should preach in Exeter before that day and take advice of them or any other person they might think proper respecting a suitable minister to be settled here. Early in Sep- tember a committee, consisting of Lieut. Nicholas Gilman and Jonathan Thing, was appointed to give some minister a call and engage him for the term of three months, and were instructed to invite Mr. Adams, Mr. White, or Mr. Curin (?) for Ihat duty. It is probable that a temporary engagement was not found satisfactory, for two months afterwards a vote was passed to call a minister in order to a full settlement should the town and said minister agree. In the April following (1706) the town voted to give Rev. John Odlin a call to carry on the work of tlie ministry, and appointed a committee of ten persons, a major part of whom were empowered to make a full agreement in behalf of the town with him " for his salary and other things needful." Under this author- ity they contracted to pay him seventy pounds a year, together with the strangers' contribution money, and allow him the use of the parsonage and two hundred acres of land, and to give him an outfit of one hun- dred pounds in money towards his settlement. Mr. Odlin was ordained on the 12th of November, 1706. He was a young man, having graduated at Harvard College only four years before. He married Mrs. Clark, the widow of his predecessor, and his pastorate only ended with his life. Ere many years had passed the want of a new place of worship began to be felt. The town had in- creased in population, and the Indian wars had for the time ceased to alarm and keep down the frontier settlements. When men ventured to go to church without arms in their hands, the tide of immigration EXETER. 269 began to assume its natural flow. On the 16th of December, 1728, it was determined that a new meet- ing-house should be built, and placed on some part of the land purchased of Capt. Peter CofBn, on which the meeting-house then stood. But so important, an undertaking required time, and it was not until the spring of 1731 that the new building was finished. It was placed close by the old meeting-house, which was not removed until after its completion. In March and April, 1731, the pews were sold as follows : Maj. Nicholas Gilman, Esq., for £21 Capt. Theophilus Smith, 16 Lieut. Bartholomew Thing, 21 Dr. Thomas Dean, 15 Capt. Eliphalet Coffin, 18 10s " Peter Gilman, 18 10 Dea. Thomas Wilson, 13 Jonathan Gilman, 23 Nathaniel Webster, 11 Francis Bowden, 12 Samuel Conner, 20 Edward Ladd, 17 Capt. Jonathan Wadleigh, 15 " James Leavitt, 16 Lieut. John Robinson, 20 Benjamin Thing, 1210 Nathaniel Bartlett,'" 16 10 Samuel Gilman, 13 Daniel Gilman, 13 5 Dea. John Lord, 1215 Nathaniel Gilman, 17 Mrs. Hannah Hall, 13 5 Ezekiel Gilman, 20 Caleb Gilman, 17 Thomas Webster, 17 Capt. John Gilman, Jr., 21 Jeremiah Connor, 20 10 Col. John Gilman, 15 5 Jonathan Connor, 21 15 Mr. John Odlin, 15 Col. John Gilman, 12 13 1 Nicholas Gordon, 5 Bartholomew Thing, 6 Jeremiah Connor, 7 Eichard Smith, 8 Daniel Thing, 4 Philip Connor, 10 Joseph Thing, 3 Nathaniel Webster, 2 William Doren, £10 12 5s 10 6 10 5 13 11 11 10 13 12 This, which was the fojirth house of worship erected in Exeter, was a large structure, with two galleries, and a broad aisle running up to the pulpit, on each side of which were benches for those who did not own pews, and who, agreeably to the fashion of the time, had seats assigned them according to age. A high steeple was added to the edifice soon afterwards, at the charge of some public-spirited citizens, who presented it to the town, and a bell was purchased and hung to make all complete. The steeple stood till 1775, when it was blown down in a heavy gale, and rebuilt at the expense of the town ; the building lasted till 1798, when it was replaced by the present edifice, which is still standing on the same spot. In November, 1781, the town voted to take down the old meeting-house at once, and with the materials to build a court-house, which was located on the op- posite side of the street, just below where the Squam- scott House now is. Mr. Odlin ministered to the people of his charge to their acceptance for more than thirty years, and until the time of the "great awakening" under the influence of Whitefield. Mr. Odlin set his face con- scientiously against the " new lights," and though a majority of his parishioners agreed with him, a con- siderable minority were of a different opinion and zealously supported the views of Whitefield. In 1743 the major part of the people joined in a request to Rev. Woodbridge Odlin, son of Eev. John Odlin, to settle over them as the colleague of his father. As it was known that the sentiments of both were in harmony, the partisans of the Whitefield doctrine voted against the younger Mr. Odlin, and being out- numbered, withdrew to the number of forty-one per- sons, and on the 7th of June, 1744, were organized into the Second Church. Mr. W. Odlin was ordained on the 28th of Sep- tember, 1748, his father preaching the sermon on the occasion. He is represented as having been a man of genuine piety, and of modest and unaffectedly simple manners. He succeeded in keeping his church and people well united, though in time of the troubles between the colonies and Great Britain he took an early and decided stand in favor of the (former. He died in 1776, and his parish voted a gift of twenty-five pounds to his widow. In July, 1776, a call was given to Eev. Isaac Mans- field, who was then serving as a chaplain in the Con- tinental army, to settle over the first church and society. The reply was favorable, and Mr. Mansfield was ordained Oct. 9, 1776, Eev. Mr. Thayer, of Kings- ton, preaching the sermon on the occasion, Eev. Mr. Fogg, of Kensington, delivering the charge, and Eev. Mr. Webster, of Salisbury, giving the right band of fellowship. Mr. Mansfield was a native of Marblehead, Mass., a graduate of Harvard College, and a man of good capacity, and we have his own authority for saying that during the greater part of his pastorate here of nearly eleven years his situa- tion was pleasant and his people well united. But some imprudences on his part at last weakened the ties between them, and he was dismissed at his own 270 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. request, made according to an agreement with the parish, Sept. 18, 1787. Nearly three years elapsed after Mr. Mansfield's dismission before a successor was obtained. Eev. Mr.Tappan (who was afterwards Professor of Divinity at Cambridge) received a call, but, because it was not unanimous, declined it. In January, 1790, an invitation was given to Kev. William F. Rowland to become the pastor, and an annual salary of " four hundred Spanish milled dollars" was voted him. Mr. Rowland accepted the call, and was ordained June 2, 1790. Rev. Messrs. McClintock, of Greenland, Thacher, of Boston, Lang- don, of Hampton Falls, and Morse, of Charlestown, performed the various services of ordination. Mr. Rowland was a native of Plainfield, Conn., and a grad- uate of Dartmouth College. He ministered to this congregation for thirty-eight years, and was dismissed at his own request, Dec. 5, 1828. He was a worthy man, of good abilities and fervent piety. The re- mainder of his life he passed in Exeter, and died in 1843 at the age of eighty-two years. The next permanent occupant of the pulpit was Rev. John Smith, a native of Wethersfield, Conn., and a graduate of Yale College. He was installed March 12, 1829 ; Rev. Mr. Bouton, of Concord, Rev. Mr. Miltimore, of Newbury, and Rev. Mr. Hurd, of the Second Church in Exeter, assisting in the cere- mony. His ministry was a harmonious and success- ful one, and he was dismissed at his own request, Feb. 14, 1838. He was followed by Rev. William Williams, who was installed May 31st in the same year. ]\lr. Williams' stay was short, as, on account of difficulties which arose, he resigned his office Oct. 1, 1842. He subsequently entered the niedical profession. Rev. Joy H. Fairchild, a native of Guilford, Conn., was the next minister, his installation occurring Sept. 20, 1843. His connection was a very brief one, as he tendered his resignation June 18, 1844. The pro- tracted controversies which arose respecting a charge of incontinence at the place of his prior settlement,- which was preferred against him, may well be per- mitted at this day to pass into oblivion. Rev. Roswell D. Hitchcock next succeeded to the desk of this church, and was ordained Nov. 19, 1845. He remained until July 7, 1852, when he was dis- missed at his own request. He is now a distinguished professor in the Union Theological Seminary, in New York City. His successor was Rev. William D. Hitchcock, who was installed Oct. 5, 1853. His ministry commenced with most- auspicious prospects, which were termi- nated in a single year by his death, Nov. 23, 1854. It was not until June 19, 1856, that Rev. Nathaniel Lasell, the next succeeding minister, was installed. After a service of three years he asked for his dismis- sion, which was granted June 12, 1859. He was sub- sequently employed in the profession of teaching. Rev. Elias Nason, a native of Newburyport, and a graduate of Brown University, was installed Nov. 22, 1860, and was dismissed at his own desire, May 30, 1865. He has since lived in Billerica, Mass., and is well known for his antiquarian tastes and writings. Rev. John 0. Barrows, who was installed Dec. 5, 1866, received his dismission Oct. 6, 1869, which he had requested that he might enter upon foreign mis- sion service in Asia. Rev. Swift Byington, the present minister of this society, was installed June 2, 1871. He is the six- teenth in order of those who have been settled as spiritual guides over the First Church in Exeter. The Second Congregational Church.— The mem- bers of the original parish who seceded from it in 1743 and united to form a new society proceeded in the same or the following year to build a house of wor- ship. It was situated on the lot where Mrs. W. V. Cobb's house now stands, and was a building of two stories and respectable capacity. It stood parallel with the street, and on the western end was a goodly steeple, surmounted with a vane. The pulpit was on the side opposite the front door, and a gallery ran round the other three sides. It was this meeting- house in whioh-Whitefield essayed to preach on the day before his death, when it was found all too small to contain his thronging auditors, and he was com- pelled to address them jn the open air, on the oppo- site side of the way. The seceders naturally wished to be exonerated from paying taxes for the support of the old parish when they ceased to worship there, but the law of that day was against them, and though the town was repeatedly urged to relieve them from the burden the majority would never consent to do so. A petition to the General Assembly of the province for setting off a new parish was opposed by the town and failed. But the society struggled on, and in 1746 made an unsuccessftil attempt to procure Rev. Samuel Buel to become their minister, and in 1747 invited Mr. John Phillips, one of their own number, and afterwards the founder of tjie Phillips Academy, to act as their pastor, but he declined on the ground of his inability to perform all the duties of the clerical office. There- upon they extended a call to Rev. Daniel Rogers, who accepted it, and was settled over them Aug. 31, 1747. He was a son of Rev. John Rogers, of Ipswich, Mass., and a graduate of Harvard College, where he had also passed some years as a tutor. It has been supposed that his family was directly descended from John Rogers, the Smithfield martyr, but later researches show that this is problematical at least. A second application, made to the General Assem- bly in 1755, for the incorporation of a new parish was successful, and the following-named persons were the same year assessed as members thereof: Jonathan Ambrose, Joseph Akers, Josiah Barker, John Bowden Edward Colcord, Wadly Cram, Thomas Dean, John Dean, Samuel DoUof, Abner Dollof, Joseph Dollof EXETEK. 271 Nathaniel Folsom, Jeremiah Folsom, Peter Gilman, Samuel Gilman, Daniel Gilman, John Gilman, Jr., Mary Gilman, Nehemiah Gilman, Josiah Gilman, Samuel Gilman, Jr., Trueworthy Gilman, Summersbe Gilman, Daniel Gilman (3), Nicholas Gilman, John Hains, William Harris, Dudley James, Jonathan Judkins, John Lord, John Looge, Jr., Nathaniel Ladd, Josiah Ladd, Elias Ladd, Thomas Lord, Eob- ert Light, John Leavitt, Jonathan Lord, Edmund Looge, Joseph Mudgett, Thomas Nealey, John Phil- lips, Thomas Piper, Stephen Palmer, John Robinson, Peter Eobinson, Benjamin Rne, Wm.. navy. Cilley, J. K., It., qr.-mr. Clark, Geo. W. Clark, Wm. A., 12 Mass., K. Clement, J. W., 14 Maas., F, sergt. Clongli, B., 6, C. Clougb, Geo., 3, H. dough, H. C, 1 Mass., B. Clough, Thomas H., 6. Col.bs, George S., 8, B, sergt. Cokely, G., 8, B. Colcord, E., G., 3, B. Colbath, C. W., 3, B. Colcord, C E , 2, B. Colcord, C. W., 3, B. Colcord, W. H., 2, B. Collins, M. N., lient.-col. Conner, Freeman, 44 N.T., col., wd. Conner, E. J., 17 U.S.A., capt. Conner, J. N., navy. Conner, W., 15. Corcoran, Frank, 6, C. Cotter, Maurice, 9 Mass., dead. Cram, Alanson, 11, I. Cram, Newton, 13, B, wd. Crane, Patrick, 9, A. Crummett, J. N., navy. Cummings, Dr. E. P., asst. surg., 23 Mass. Currier, Andrew J., 2, E. Curtis, A. 0., 13 Mass., dead. Davis, A. J., 6, C. Davis, C. H., 3, B. Dearborn, A, 5. Dearborn, C. L., 3, E, dead. Dearborn, George, 15 Mass. Batt. Dearborn, J. F., 9, A. Dearborn, J. S., Cook's Batt. Dearborn, W. S., 3, B, wd. De Rochemont. A. P., 2 Maes. Dewhurst, O. W., navy. Dewhurst, G. W., 1st S. 0. Dewhurst, Henry, clerk. Dodge, J. E., 22 Mass., q.m.-sergt. DoUotf, J. L, 13, F. Donnaran, C, 3, B. Donnaran, J., 8, B. Doody, John, 6, C, wd. Doody, William, 6, C. Dow, Samuel. Dudley, D. W., 3, B. Dudley, S. G., 3, B. Dutfee, John, 3, C. Diirgin, V. W., S. B, Corp., dead. Durgin, William E., 14 Me., K. Dyer, John, Jr., 8, B. Elkins, James, 6, C. Elliott, D.W., 3, B. Ellison, F., 2, E. Ellison, H., 6 Mass. Farnham, James M , 6, C. Farnham, John, 5 Mass. Fielding, J., 3, B. Finn, John, 3, B. Floyd, C. W., 2, B, wd. Floyd, Samuel. Fogg, A. J., lient., 3, B. Folsom, C. E., 17 Mass., F, sergt. Folsom, C. H., clerk. Folsom, Joseph, 13. Foss, Charles H., 8, A. Foster, T. H., 9, A. French, M. D., 9, A, wd. Fuller, G. W., 13, B. Furnald, J. F., 4. Gadd, Q. W., 15, I. Gale, G. W., Jr., asst. surg., navy. Garland, James H., 14, F, Mass., dead. Garland, Geo. E., 13, E. Giddlngs, Geo. H., 3, B., sergt. Gill, Geo. R., 1 Cav. Gill, W. I., navy. Gill, Xathl., 11 Mass. Gilman, A. J., 13, E. Gilman, J. W.,11, 1. Gilman, Gardner, 45 Mass. Gilman, George, 8, B. Goodwin, Thos., 9, A. Goodwin, S., navy. Gordon, John, capt., 55 Mass., I. Greenleaf, M. N., 6, C, capt. Greenleaf, Chas., 15, I. Hale, Cha?. E., 8, A. Hale, J. H., :i, B. Haines, D. D., 8, B, Corp., wd. Haines, I. F., 2, E, wd. Hull, Edward F., 3, B. Hull, H. J., 3, B, died. Hurtnatt, D. P., 8, B, wd. Hurtnatt, J. H., 2, B. Hnrtnatt, M., navy. Hurtnatt, Thos., 6, 0. Harris, D. C, 8. Head, J. M., 3, D, It. Head, 0, M., 8, adjt. Healey, Ira, 8, B. Hebbard, E. W., 3, clerk. Herrey, F. H., 2, E. Herrey, S. C, 14 Mass., B, It. Hill, W. B., 17 Mass., F, It. Hodgdon, S. S., 6, C, wd. Huse, J. H,, 2, B. Irving, James, 1 Mass., B. James, Geo. R., 3, D. Janvrin, G. N., Cobb's Batt. Janvrin, Joseph E., 16, asst. surg. Julian, G. N.,13, E, capt. Kaye, B., 3, B. Koefe, Wm., 6, C. Kelley, D. Q., 8, B, corp. Kelley, P. Keyes, Philander, 9, A, dead. Kimball, G. N., navy. Kimball, .Tames, navy. Kincade, James, navy. Lamprey, S. W., 3, B, It. Lamson, Rufus, 13, E. Leavitt, A. J., 29 Mass. Leavitt, C. H., '29 Mass., K. Leavitt. E. A., 2, B. Leavitt, J. W., 3, B, corp. Leavitt, J. W., 6 Mass. Leavitt, John, 13, B. Leavitt, W. Q. R., 3, B. Leigh ton, J. A., 6, C, sergt. Little, P., 9, A. Lord, J. G., 9, A. Levering, E. E., 6, 0. Mallon, J. M., 3, D. Maijoy, John, navy. Marsh, A. F., 6, C, dead. Marston, W. S., 3, B, wd. Marston, Gilman, Col. 2d Regt., promoted to brig.-gen. McKusick, B., 9, A, sergt. McNary, P., navy. McNary, Thos., 3, 0. McNeil, D. P., 19 Mass., N., wd. Melvin, M., 8, B. Merrill, A., 12 Mass.. F. Merrill, W. H., 2, B, dead. Morse, J. W., 15, I. Morrison, Wm. J., 3, B. Moses, H. M., 13, E. Mullen, Francis, 5. Murphy, D., 2, B. Muiphy, J., 8, B. Nason, P. F. A., adjt-gen. art. brigade, 5th Corps. Nason, 0. P. H., clerk. Nealey, 0. H., 11, I. Nealey, B., navy. Nealey, R. D., 11, I, sergt, died. Norris, , 15. Nudd, Wm., 15, I, D. O'Bryan, John, navy. Odiorne, Dr. G. W., 16, wd. Page, Chas., 2, E. Parker, J. J. D , 11, I. Payson, J. 0., 13, D, sergt. Payson, T. K., navy. Pearson, H. H., 6, It.-col., wd. Perkins, A. M., 2, capt., wd. Perkins, A. E., 40 N. Y., dead. Pettigiew, P., 2, E. Pickering, Y. A., 1 Mass., K, dead. Pike, David, 2, E. Pillsbury, S. H., 9, A, capt. Prescott, Geo. A., 15, T. Prescott, J. E., 3, B. Reardon, M., 6, C, dead. Reynolds, G. H., 11, I. Riley, John, Jr., 3, B. Robinson, G. W., 28 Mass., I. Robinson, J. B., 6, 0, dead. Robinson, Wm., Jr., 2, E. Bock, J., 6, C. Rollins, Geo. P., 13, E. Rollins, H. S. P., navy. Rogers, C. W., navy. Rowe, Chas., 3, D. Eowell, A.E, 3, D. Rowel], J., 6, C, sergt. Rundlett, F. G., nav.v. Rundlett, James, 2, E. Ryan, Wm., 6, C. Sanborn, A. J., 9, A. Sawyer, S. W., 13, B. Sawyer, J. B. Semis, Wm,, 3, B. Simons, Chas J., 9, A, sergt. Sinclair, J. E., 15, E. Sinclair, J. T., 15, E. Sleeper, Chas., navy. Sleeper, W. H , 3, B. Smith, Chas , 2, clerk. Smith, G. H., 6, 0. Smith, J. W., 15, E. Smith, J., 3, B. Smith, J. R., 44 Mass. Smith, M. M., 6, C. Smith, W. H., 3, E, capt. Stacy, , navy. Staples, C. H., navy, Staples, C, 9, A. Stevens, C, 9, D, capt. Stevens, G. W., 6, 0, died. Stickney, D., 8, D. Stickney, M. H , 11, I. Stockman F., 6, C. Stone, D. W., navy. Stone, J. W., 3, B. Sullivan, John, asst. surg. Sullivan, P. W., 6, C. Swain, G. W. Swa/.ey, W. C, 12 Mass., K. Swazey, W. E., navy. Tanner, J., 2, E. Corp. Tanner, G. W., 9, A. Tappan, J. M., 9, A, died. Taylor, G. A., 2, B. Taylor, J. W., 11, I. Tebbetts, F. L., 2, E. Tebbetts, J., 8, B. Tebbetts, J. I., navy. Tebbetts, W. V., 17 Mass., F. Thing, F. F., 3, B. Thing, G. B., 8, B. Thing, G. H., 2, E, wd. Thing, J. H., 3, B, sergt. Thurston, B., 9, A. Thurston, Geo. K., 15,1. Thurston, J. 0., 2, E. Tilton, J. G., 8,B. Tilton, Wm. P., 11, I. Towle, Chas. J., navy. Tuttle, James, 15, 1. Twilight, W. H., 8, Batt. Mass A, Corp. Vander/ee, J, 0., 13, B. sergt. Vanderzee, J. H., 13, B, sergt. Veazey, Henry. Veazey, W. G., 16, It.-col. Vinal, G. A. W , 6 Mass., K. Wadleigh, Geo. A., 3 Mass. Cav Wadleigh, J. P., 9, A, wd. Wainwright, W., navy. Walker, H., 8, G. Warburton, Thos., 5. Warren, E., navy. Watson, I. M. Wallace, F., navy. Weeks, H. A. Weeks, J.E. G., 9, A. Weeks, J. S., 3, B, died. Weeks, J. W. J., 6, C. Weeks, Nath'l (2d), navy. 286 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Weeks, J. S., Invalid corps. West, Wm., 13, E. White, S., 6, C. White, W. C, 8, B. Whitehouse, W. Wilbur, J. E., 3, B, capt. Willey, A., 17 U.S.A. Willey, Chas. Willey, Edwin, 13, Mass. B. The following is a list of those who paid commuta- tion money, furnished substitutes, or went into the army under the draft : Willey, Geo., nsivy, dead. Willey, J., 13, Mass. B. Wood, H., 9, A. Weyman, W., 4. Toiing, C. W,, 8, B. Toung, J. B., 8, B. Toung, L. H., 13, B. Warburton, W. Adams, B. W. Bartlett, .T. Batchelder, H. D. Belknap, W.H. Bowley, B. V, Burley, C. H. Carter, George. Connor, C. G. Cummings, H. P. Currier, W. A. Dame, S. P. Fifleld,0. K. Giddings, N. G. Ha'ey, Benjamin. Kelley, P. Lord, C. H. Lord, James. Lowd, G. A. Morec, W. H. Morrill, W. B. Mullen, F. Folsom, E. Bamsey, C. C. Sawyer, J. B. Tilton, 6. H. Tuck, E. Warburton, Thomas. Warren, Charles. Wentworth, G. A. Young, C. W. Roll of Honor. — The following is a list of the names of deceased soldiers and sailors who went into the service from this town or who have been buried in the town : M. N. Collins, It.-col, H. H. Pearson, It.-col. Edward J. Connor, capt. A. N. Perkins, capt. W. H. Smith, capt. John S. Bryant, lieut. George H. Cobbs, lieut. Geo. W. Dewliurst, lieut. Simon N. Lamprey, lieut. T. S. P. Rollins, ensign. Job B. Allard. John J. D. Barker. Geo. W. Batchelder. Fred'k Bearse. Edwin F. Beunett, George Black. Eenj. F. Bowley. Wm. J. Bowley. Wm. Broderick. Henry C. Brown. John C. Brown. Geo. W. Bnxton. Wm. Caban. John H. Carpenter. Gideon Carter. W. E. Carter. Edward F. Carver. John K. Caswell. Geo. W. Clark. Timothy Coakley. Albert 0. Curtis. Morris Cutter. Abraham Dearborn. Calvin L. Dearborn. John P. Doody. John DufFee. Daniel V. Durgin. John W, Farnham. John L. Floyd. Frank Foster. Geo. H. Fuller. Daniel F. Gilman. John W. Gilman. Andrew J. Haines. Daniel B. Haines. Josiah F. Haines. Edward Hall. Horace J. Hall. Michael Hartuett. Ira Healej'. William H. Hovey. Aaron D. Howe. David G. Kelly. George M. Kimball. Philander Kyes. Almon S. Langley. Charles H.'Leavitt. William R. Leavitt. Joel A. Leigbton. David McNamare. William H. Morrill. Abner Morse. John W. iVIorse. Richard Nealley. William Nudd. Charles Page. Asa Perkins. .Tohn R. Perkins. Joseph E. Prescott. Morris Reardon. John Riley. Josiah B. Robinson. Andrew Sanborn. Fred. Sawyer. Joseph B, Sawyer. William Sawyer. James Sherrick. Jacob Smith. .Tames Spencer. Chandler Spinney. George Stevens. Moses H. Stickney. Frank Stockman. Jacob Stone. George Swain. ■ George A. Taylor. Josiah W. Taylor. George H. Thing. George W.Tibbets. Jonathan Tibbets. Warren V. B. Tibbetts. James S. Tilton. George H. Vanduzee, John Vanduzee. Joseph B. Wadleigh. William H. Walton. Edmund Warren. Jeremiah S. Weeks. John E. Weeks. Postmasters. — The following is a list of post- masters since 1823, when John Ward Gilman held the office : Col. Burgess, 1823-29 ; Joseph T, James, about two years ; Timothy Gridley ; while Mr. Gridley was postmaster, Joseph B. Wiggin, of Stratham, was employed as clerk; Mr. Gridley was succeeded by Joseph J. Hoitt; then Jei'emiah Dearborn, followed by Jeremiah Robinson ; and then Jeremiah Dearborn the second time, about . 1842-49 ; then Jeremiah Robinson the second time, 1849-53 ; Daniel Melcher, 1853-61 ; William B. Morrill, 1861-70 ; and Nathaniel K. Leavitt, 1870-78, who was succeeded by George S. Leavitt, the pres- ent incumbent. EXETER REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel Parker, 1807-9, 1818. Oliver Peabody, 1813. J. Tillon, Jr., 1815-23. John Kimball, 1821-22. William Smith, 1823-26. 0. W. B. Peabody, 1824-30. Jeremiah Dow, 1826-29, 1832-34. Samuel T. Gilman, 1830. Nathaniel Conner, 1830-31. Jotbam Lawrence, 1832. John Rogr-rs, 1833-36. John Sullivan, 1835-38. William Odlin, 1836-38. William Perry, 1839. Daniel Connor, 1839-40. Nathaniel Gilman, 1840-41. Samuel Hatch, 1841. Josiah Robinson, 1842-43. Woodbridge Odlin, 1842-44. Amos Tuck, 1843. Charles Connor, 1844-45. T. Goodwin, 1845. John Kelley, 1846-62. Gilman Marston, 1846-49,1852. James Bell, 1847. William Wadley, 1847-49. George Gardner, 1848-49. Nathaniel Gordon, 1860-51. N. G. Gilmiin, 1850-61. John F. Moses, 1850-61. J. G. Hoitt, 1862. Isaac Flagg, 1863. Grin Head, 1853-64. N. G. Parry, 1863-64. W. Conner, 1854-65. E. H. Parker, 1856. W.W. Stickney, 1866. J. M Levering, 1856-58. George F. Waters, 1856. J. W. Marsh, 1866-57. Henry Shute, 1867-58. I. S. Brown, 1858-69.- William B. Morrill, 1869-60. Charles H. Bell, 1859-61, 1873-74. N. K. Leavitt, 1860-61. J. Conner, 1861-62. M. N. Collins, 1862-63. Charles Burley, 1862. J. C. Billiard, 186,3-64. Abraham P. Blake, 1863-64. Samuel D. Wingate, 1864-65. N. W. Giddings, 1866-66. Henry C. Moses, 1866-66. C.G. Connor, 1866-67. J. W. Odlin, 1867-68. J W. Merrill, 1867-68. William H. Robinson, 1868-69. S. A. Brown, 1869-70. A. J. Hoyt, 1869-70. E. Folsom, 1870-71. J. H. Kimball, 1871-72. John G. Gilman, 1871-72. G. W. Furnald, 1872. Gilman Marston, 1873-74, 1878-79, 1881. Jacob Carlisle, 1873-74. Asa Jewell, 1875-76. John D. Lyman, 1875-76. Thomas Leavitt, 1875-76. Josiah F. Folsom, 1876. Josepli T. Porter, 1876-77. Horace S. Cummings, 1876-77. William Biirlingame, 1877-78. Alfred Conner, 1877-78. Daniel Sanborn (2d), 1878-79, Wiuthrop N. Dow, 1879-80. Charles 0. Moses, 1880. 1876, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. COMMODORE J. C. LONG. Commodore John Collings Long, son of Capt. George and Marcy (Hart) Long, was born at Ports- mouth, N. H., Sept. 5, 1795. His grandfather, Pierce Long, was a prominent officer in the American army ,1'^ C^/' //f EXETEK. 287 during the Revolution. His father, also born at Portsmouth, was for many years a captain in the merchant marine service. John C. was educated at the academy in Portsmouth. In 1812 he entered the naval service of the United States, and August 29th of the same year was ordered to duty as aide to Com- modore Bainbridge, commanding the United States frigate " Constitution.'' After only lour months' ser- vice, Dec. 29, 1812, he was a participant in the bloody, desperate, and historic engagement between the " Constitution" and the Britisli frigate " Java." In this Midshipman Long received a slight injury from a ball which killed two seamen at his side. (At the time of his death Commodore Long was the last one left of the gallant band of officers belonging to the " Constitution" engaged in this action.) His bearing and conduct on this occasion indicated his subsequent gallant and successful career. Sept. 14, 1814, he was transferred to the " Washing- ton" (seventy-four guns). Commodore Hull, who sub- sequently placed him in command of gunboat "No. 87." This was the young midshipman's first separate command. He was next ordered to brig "Boxer,'' commanded by Commodore John Porter, and in that vessel made one cruise up the Mediterranean, and then others in the Gulf of Mexico and West Indies, where they cleared the Caribbean Islands of the pirati- cal fleet infesting them. The " Boxer" was cast away Oct. 27, 1817, and in 1818 our young officer was granted a furlough, and made a voyage to the East Indies and return as first officer in a merchant ship, and in the same vessel other voyages to various European and South American ports, and in all these voyages was intrusted by the captain with entire command. Commodore Long always deemed this service as extremely valuable, giving as it did prac- tical experience in seamanship not often acquired in the naval service. He returned on expiration of furlough to his naval duties, November, 1819, and was assigned to the " Independence'' (seventy-four guns). Commodore Shaw. He joined the sloop " Hor- net," engaged in suppression of piracy in the West Indies, February, 1823, and in November, 1823, was transferred to the sloop " Peacock," and went to the Pacific Ocean, and when the United States govern- ment contemplated dispatching the "Peacock" on a voyage of discovery to the South Pole, he was chosen as her first lieutenant. In 1824 he was joined to the frigate " United States," Commodore Hull, and served in her till June, 1827. Soon afterwards he was stationed at Portsmouth navy-yard, where he remained untill831. While stationed at Portsmouth he married, June 1, 1829, Miss Mary 0. Oilman, daughter of Nathaniel Oilman, of Exeter (Mrs. Long is* now residing in her native town). On leaving Portsmouth he took command of schooner " Dol- phin," and accompanied Commodore Downes in his fleet to the Pacific. On termination of this cruise, Capt. Long returned to Portsmouth, and stayed three years, when he was placed in command of a rendez- vous in Boston, where he served two years. In 1840 he was given command of sloop " Boston" (twenty- two guns), and went to the East Indies, South Pa- cific, and Sandwich Islands, where he rendered valu- able aid to the inhabitants, then suffering in the extremities of a fearful crisis. August, 1843, he re- turned to Boston, having circumnavigated the globe in his absence, and in 1849 was made "post-captain," at that -time the highest office in the United States naval service. Among the responsible positions for which Com- modore Long was selected was that of commander of the United States steam frigate " Mississippi," sent to bring Kossuth to this country, and the proper and decided stand taken by him to prevent the emi- nent Hungarian from compromising our country by revolutionary harangues at Marseilles will long be remembered, and received the unqualified indorse- ment of our government. Commodore Long was placed in command of the " Saranac," Oct. 10, 1852, retaining that position three years. He was then ap- pointed on a special commission to take home Cheva- lier de Sodre, the Brazilian minister, from which he returned in March of 1853, and was ordered to con- vey Hon. Carroll Spence, the American minister to the Turkish court, to Constantinople ; which done, he joined the Mediterranean squadron, and remained until August, 1856. In 1857 he was placed in com- mand of the United States Pacific squadron, with the "Merrimac" as his flag-ship. While inspecting the " Merrimac," previous to sailing, the commo- dore fell through an open hatchway, producing in- juries that almost incapacitated him from active duties, and became ultimately the cause of his death. This cruise was ended in 1859, and was the closing cruise of his faithful and devoted services in the navy of the United States, in which he had passed more than fifty-one years, more than twenty-four of which were devoted to active duties, his shore duties occupying a period of more than thirteen years. He was compelled by his injuries to ask to be excused from taking command of the Brooklyn navy-yard, a highly responsible position, assigned him by the gov- ernment, and in 1861 was placed upon the retired list, and passed his closing years in the pleasant quiet of the village of Exeter, N. H. His death occurred at North Conway, N. H., Sept. 2, 1865, while return- ing from a trip made for the improvement of his health to the White Mountains. Commodore Long stood high on the roll of honor and fame among the officers of our navy. He adorned his profession by dignity, firmness, strict attention to duty, integrity of principle, high conscientiousness, goodness of heart, and affability of manners. At all foreign stations he commanded and secured respect for our flag. He was the model of a naval officer, and an ornament to our navy. He knew no jealous- ies or envyings in relation to others who enjoyed 288 HI8T0RY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. other or higher honors or favors than those which fell to his lot. His intercourse with his officers and men seemed like a heautiful exhibition of family af- fection. All who-sailed with him respected, esteemed, and loved him. No shade of professional jealousy dimmed the brightness of his chivalrous devotion to his country's cause. So far was he from feeling any petty disappointment at the elevation of his juniof-s in rank, that he was the first to glory in the promo- tion and honor which rewarded their splendid ser- vices. His unselfishness was one of the most graceful features of his declining professional life. We can, perhaps, no better close this brief memoir than to extract a few from among the many of pub- lished articles giving the commodore as seen by im- partial eyes. We therefore take from the Exeter Ballot, contributed by Governor Charles H. Bell : " As an officer, Commodore Long was distinguished for his energy, his familiarity with his duties, his fidelity to his trusts, and his high sense of professional integrity and honor. In his various commands he enforced the most exact discipline, but with a courtesy and im- partiality which won him the hearty confidence and respect of his associates. He numbered among his warmest friends many of the most distinguished offi- cers in the service, and on foreign stations contributed in no small degree to sustain the high character of the navy abroad. . . . But it was by his exemplary private life and character that Commodore Long was best known to our own citizens. Unassuming, cour- teous, sympathetic, and generous, he had no enemy, and all who knew him were his friends. No appeal to his kindness or his charity was ever made in vain ; the poor have lost in him a ready and constant bene- factor. In social life his affability, his careful con- sideration for the feelings of others, his high-bred politeness and honor can never be forgotten by those who enjoyed the pleasure of his acquaintance. But his immediate friends, whose memories bear grateful testimony to so many acts of his thoughtful and deli- cate kindness and of his noble Christian charity, can alone feel the full bitterness' of the stroke which has removed him from their midst." The Boston Journal said, " On the tomb of this faithful public officer may be inscribed, without over- stepping one iota the bounds of truth, ' He faithfully fulfilled through a long and eventful life his duties to his God and his country.' " The New York Journal of Commerce says editori- ally, " He was one of the noblest specimens of a good and brave man that our country has produced, and thousands in and out of the service loved and ad- mired him. During his long service he brought up many young officers who are now our distinguished heroes, and who, remembering their debt of gratitude, will lament him as a father. None could know Com- modore Long personally without admiring and loving him. He was an accomplished Christian gentleman, a man of rare social qualities, as well as a thorough seaman arid gallant officer. His features were exceed- ingly attractive, and as he grew to be an old man his snowy hair was a. crown of glory to his fine counte- nance." The Boston Transcript says, "Commodore Long was intrusted with high appointments, and always had the confidence of the Navy Department and of his brother-officers. It was a matter of deep regret to him that his injuries prevented him from taking a part in the suppression of the great Rebellion, and we well remember how his eye kindled and how emphatic were his expressions when he spoke of the villany of our treacherous domestic foe. He had carried the flag of the nation to too many foreign ports to see it honored there as the flag of the Union not to express patriotic indignation at the treasonable attempt to dismember the republic. To his high qualities as an officer Commodore Long added the bearing of a gen- tleman and the pure character of a Christian. There was a manliness in his high moral and religious tone, unaccompanied as it was by any bigotry, cant, or in- trusive pretensions, which proved its sincerity and won the respect of all who knew him." WOODBRIDGE ODLIN. The first American Odlin was doubtless John Od- lin, one of the first settlers of Boston, Mass., who was made freeman in 1634, was a member of artillery com- pany in 1638, and died, aged eighty-five, in 1685. He had three sons, — Elisha, John, Peter. Elisha, born in 1640, was father of Rev. John Odlin, who was born in Boston in 1681, graduated at Harvard in 1702, was called as pastor to Exeter, N. H., and became the fourth settled minister in Exeter. His first wife was widow of Rev. Mr. Clarke, his immediate predecessor in the ministry. She was daughter of Rev. Benjamin Woodbridge, and granddaughter of Rev. John Wood- bridge, the first settled minister of Haverhill, Mass. They had four sons, — John, Elisha, Dudley, Wood- bridge. Elisha, born 1709, graduated at Harvard in 1731, married the same year, and became the third pastor of the " First Church of Christ" in Amesbury, Mass., dying there in 1752. His children were John, Winthrop, William, Anna, Elisha. William, born 1738, married Judith Wilson, settled in Exeter, dying in 1787. He had five children. His only son, William, born 1767, died 1825, married, 1791, Eliza- beth, daughter of Capt. James Leavitt, of an Exeter family, dating back its occupancy and holding of its large tract of land to the original grants from" the English crown. William was a saddler, carrying on his trade many years in a shop on the bridge in Exeter. Woodbridge Odlin, son of William and Elizabeth (Leavitt) Odlin, was born in Exeter, N. H., May 9, 1805. He was educated in Phillips' Exeter Academy, and ever held it in high esteem. He learned the painter's trade, and began his business life as a f/'. (yx>~(^X^€^^.-ijzr:^^ 9eey- EXETER. 289 painter and maker of carriages in Exeter. He after- wards became largely engaged in wool dealing. In many ways he continued in active business until a few years previous to his death, April 24, 1879, and was highly prospered. His success was the riatural result of his ability to examine and readily compre- hend any subject presented to him, his power to de- cide promptly, and his courage to act with vigor and persistence in accordance with his convictions. These traits of character moulded his entire life. In the early unpopular days of Free-Soil and Abolition labor, Mr. Odlin hesitated not, but cast the full force of his influence in favor of human freedom, and was one of the first pronounced workers in its cause. Both in this work and in that of temperance Mr. Odlin did effective labor. Many even now remember the im- petuosity of the eloquence with which he scathingly denounced the abettors of either rum or slavery. His pen, too, did much good in this field. In all things Mr. Odlin acted with the energy of a strong positive nature, and impressed his powerful individuality upon all whom he met. He had the necessary quali- ties for a successful speaker. None could more clearly, forcibly, or convincingly present his views on any subject. He was a close analyst, a vigorous and independent thinker, and was considered a valu- able counselor in intricate and complicated affairs. He was called to many positions of trust, represented Exeter in State Legislature several terms, and for many years was president of Exeter Savings-Bank. In the midst of his extended business operations he did not forget his duties to God and humanity, and was for many years active in church and Sabbath- school. He was a member of the First Congrega- tional Society for many years. Mr. Odlin was much interested in education. His aid to numerous students, and the encouragement given them by his wise counsel, manifests this, as well as his munificent gift to Phillips' Exeter Academy. It is eminently fitting that those who prize the edu- cational standing and advantages of Exeter and its academy should cherish the memory of Woodbridge Odlin ; and years after this, when generation after generation shall have passed away, there yet shall not be wanting those to reverence the kind and fath- erly spirit that blessed them ere their lives began. Mr. Nathaniel Shute, in his " Eecollections of Exe- ter," pays this just tribute: "Conspicuous among the departed who are entitled to honorable mention is the late Woodbridge Odlin, Esq., whose birthplace and home was in this part of the town. Commencing life with no capital sav.e his own right hand and in- flexible purpose, his industry and perseverance were rewarded by an ample competency of this world's goods, and a high, honorable standing among his fellow-men. His public benefactions have not been equaled by any other citizen of Exeter. In his mu- nificent gift of twenty thousand dollars as a perma- nent fund to support an English department in Phil- 19 lips' Exeter Academy he has left a monument of honor to his memory which will remain when monu- ments of stone shall have crumbled to dust. The iron fence in front of the First Congregational Church, it is well known, was erected by his liberality. These were not posthumous bequests. He did not hoard his wealth until death released his grasp, and then give it away because he could keep it no longer. These gifts were made years before his decease, and he lived to see the results of his generosity. In his private charities, which were not few, he followed the scriptural injunction, "Let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth." Mr. Odlin mar- ried, in early life, Joanna Odiorne. She died in 1841. Their only child, Anna 0., died in 1858, aged twenty- two. In 1844 he married Augusta Farley Little, who survives him. In the death of Mr. Odlin every good and worthy cause lost a kind patron, the community a citizen of rare integrity, the church a faithful worker, and his family a considerate and loving husband and father. JEREMIAH L. MERRILL. Conspicuous among the leading business names of Exeter during the past seventy-five years is that of Merrill. To no other is that flourishing village in- debted so much for its prosperity, and it is eminently fitting that a sketch of the founder of the Exeter branch of the Merrill family, himself so many years interwoven with its diversified interests, should be embodied in this history. Abner Merrill was born in Newbury, Mass., April 21, 1791. His ancestors were of English extraction, but were early cohjnists. He was one of a large family in limited financial circumstances, and after only meagre educational advantages was apprenticed to a hatter, which trade he thoroughly and minutely learned. He came to Exeter about 1812, marrying, two or three years later. Miss Sarah W. Leavitt, and moved into the house on Water Street so many years his home. He here commenced, in 1816, in a small way the manufacture of hats, and here a large family of children were born. For sixty-two years he car- ried on business at substantially the same place. His integrity, correct habits, business energy and sagacity were early shown, and gained him the esteem and confidence of all who knew him. Success attended his operations When the supply of wool exceeded the demand for hats, he bought and sold largely to wool dealers and manufacturers in Boston. This wool trade soon became his leading business, and resulted in the firm of A. Merrill & Sons, which was for many years signally prosperous, maintaining a high credit, and doing a business of frilly half a million of dollars. Mr. Merrill's children were Mary E., Jeremiah L., Joseph W., Charles A., Benjamin L., Abner L., Henry K., and David W. Merrill. ' 290 HISTOEY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIKB. He died July 23, 1877, at his residence in Exeter, " full of days," in his eighty-sixth year. From an obituary article in the Exeter News-Letter we take this worthy tribute to his character: " The loss of Mr. Merrill will be widely felt in the business circles, where his great capacity for affairs is familiar, in the town where he dwelt, and the re- ligious society of which he was a member, where his public spirit and the purity of his life and character were fully recognized, but most of all by his imme- diate friends and family, who alone can rightly appre- ciate the warm heart and kindly and affectionate na- ture that was united with his vigorous mind and sound judgment." Jeeemiah L. Mebkill, son of Abner and Sarah (Leavitt) Merrill, was born in Exeter, Jan. 4, 1819. He was delicate in health from a child. He entered his father's store as clerk when about fourteen, and was ever thereafter connected with business affairs as oldest son, taking confidential place in the financial matters of his father, and proving himself to have a natural capacity for business equaled by few. He was one of the three sons associated with his father in the firm of " A. Merrill & Sons," and for many years was financial manager of the firm. He was largely inter- ested in the Granite State Bank, and also in its suc- cessor, the National. Granite State Bank, of which he was president. He was also trustee of Exeter Savings- Bank. He was Whig and Eepublican in politics, but would have nothing to do with political office, believ- ing it detrimental to his private business. He did, however, accept the position of one of the trustees of the estate of Jeremiah L. Robinson, of whom he was a namesake, and was a member of the Prudential school committee several years. He was eminently a business man of high order, and his financial success was the best evidence of that fact. He was a man of strong and positive opinions, ever careful of the feel- ings of others, however, and never obtruding upon them. Of strictest integrity, he enjoyed the fullest confidence of all, and he was one qf the first, and always liberal, to aid any good work, religious, social, or educational. His death occurred March 8, 1879. He married Mary E., daughter of Theodore, and sister of Deacon John F, Moses, of Exeter. Their only child, Joseph W., is one of the leading business men of to- day in Exeter. The following article from the Exeter News-Letter of March 14, 1879, written by one well conversant with Mr. Merrill, will give a juster estimate of his character and the esteem in which he was held by the community than any words of ours : " Our town is again called to mourn the loss of one of its most prominent citizens, Mr. Jeremiah L. Mer- rill, who died at his residence on Saturday morning, at the age of sixty years. He was born in Exeter, and spent his life in this town. In January, 1844, he was associated with his father and two brothers in the firm of A. Merrill & Sons, and the firm remained un- broken until 1877. By their careful and prudent management the business grew until it became one of the largest and most important in this section of the State. Mr. Merrill was chosen a director of the National Granite State Bank, Feb. 3, 1873, and suc- ceeded his father as president of the board of direc- tors in January, 1876. Though his extensive private occupations prevented his accepting any public ofiice, he has always been looked to for aid and counsel in every good work, and there are few of our citizens who are not indebted to Mr. Merrill for advice, en- couragement, or assistance. As a business man, Mr. Merrill was cautious in forming an opinion, prompt in action when a decision was reached, enterprising and bold in the operations which his prudence sanc- tioned, and was possessed of the soundest judgment and good sense. His success is ample testimony to his wisdom and ability, and his scrupulous integrity is shown by the unlimited confidence reposed in him. In domestic life Mr. Merrill was cordial, warm-hearted, and generous. He was first in all charities and be- nevolent enterprises, and whoever was in distress found in him a ready and sympathetic listener, and a liberal and disinterested friend. He had long been an invalid, but he bore his affliction with noble and patient fortitude, and when his days were numbered he passed painlessly and peacefully to his reward. The funeral took place at his late residence on Wed- nesday morning, and was attended by a large number of sorrowing friends. Elegant contributions of flowers were received from the bank and from friends, both in this town and Boston, as a last tribute of affection and respect to one who had endeared himself to all by his life of kindness and benevolence." As a business man, he was sagacious and far-seeing. In his intercourse with his fellow-men he was cour- teous and agreeable, and his vigor and indomitable will did much to maintain the high repute and to continue the successful career of the house of which he was a most active and reliable copartner. As a financier his judgment was sound, and his views of the most healthy character. His influence was exerted in behalf of progressive enterprise and ju- dicious expenditures. Joseph W. Merrill, only son of Jeremiah L. Mer- rill, was educated in Exeter. After finishing his ed- ucation at Exeter, Phillips' Academy, took the po- sition as clerk in the employ of A. Merrill & Sons. Here he remained about twenty years. He married Sept. 20, 1866, Louise Clement, eldest daughter of Joshua J. and Susan (Bryant) Lane, of Stratham. They have four children,— William Edward, born June 29, 1867 ; Mary Louise, Jan. 25, 1871 • Jere- miah Herbert, Oct. 13, 1875 ; Susan Emma Mav 4 1881. ' ^ ' ' -^^s^'- £^^ 1)y A if-K^K-''. o^. ^^^l^yi/^^c:^^ c'-'-^/yu y—Jcy/ EXETER. 291 HON. NATHANIEL GORDON. Hon. Nathaniel Gordon, son of John S. and Frances G-ordon, was born on the old homestead at " Gordon's Hill," Exeter, N. H., Nov. 26, 1820. He is a lineal descendant in the sixth generation of Alexander Gordon, a scion of the loyal Gordon family in the Highlands of Scotland. This young Alexander was a soldier in the royalist army of Charles II. He was captured by Cromwell, confined for a time in Tuthill Fields, London, and sent to America in 1651. He was held as prisoner of war at Watertown, Mass., until 1654, when he was released. He afterwards came to Exeter, N. H., where, in 1663, he married Mary, daughter of Nicholas Lysson. The next year the town voted him a grant of twenty acres of land, and he became a permanent resident, dying in 1697. From him and his descendants "Gordon's Hill" received its name. He had eight children, of whom Thomas was born in 1678. He married Eliz- abeth Harriman, of Haverhill, was father of eleven children, and died in 1762. From his son Timothy was descended John S. Gordon, and from his son Nathaniel was descended Frances Gordon. The line of John S. is Timothy (1), Timothy (2) (a Revolu- tionary soldier of bravery under Gen. Stark in battles of Bunker Hill, Bennington, Saratoga, etc.), Na- thaniel (1), Nathaniel (2), and John S. The line of Frances is Thomas, Nathaniel (1), Nathaniel (2), and Frances. John S. Gordon, like his immediate ancestors, was a quiet, unassuming farmer on " Gordon's Hill." He neither sought nor cared for office, but was a man of influence and weight in his neighborhood, serving, in his unobtrusive way, his day and generation well. His marriage to Frances Gordon occurred March 11, 1814, and his death in 1845. Mrs. Gordon was a superior woman in mental endowments, love of knowledge, social and domestic virtues, devotion to God, and Christian attainments. She is now living, at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. Of his four children, Nathaniel and Mary D. {Mrs. Edwin Gordon, of Hyde Park, Mass.) are now surviving. Nathaniel entered Phillips' Exeter Academy in the autumn of 1833, was there fitted for college, in 1838 entered the sophomore class of Dartmouth College, and was graduated therefrom in 1841. Each winter of his college course he taught school three months, and after graduation taught from September, 1841, to May,- 1842, at St. Thomas' Hall, Flushing, L. I. Going South, he passed the summer of 1842 as teacher in a female seminary in Baltimore, and in Washing- ton. In September, 1842, he became tutor in a pri- vate family in Prince George's County, Md., and held this position for two years, during which time he studied law, and was admitted to the bar at the April term of Prince George's County Court in 1844. For about two years Mr. Gordon practiced in the various courts of Prince George, Calvert, and Charles Counties, then removing to Baltimore, continued his profession there one year. He then (September, 1847) returned to Exeter, where he has made his home ever since. Mr. Gordon opened a law-oflSce in Exeter, but find- ing an unpromising financial outlook, he relinquished his practice and devoted himself to more profitable business pursuits. He has often been called upon to fill important positions of office and trust, and has ever been alive to the best interests of his constitu- ents, discharging his duties conscientiously and ably. In 1849 he was chosen secretary and treasurer of the "Rockingham Farmers' Mutual Insurance Com- pany," and was re-elected annually for eight years. He represented Exeter in the Legislatures of 1849-50, and his district in the State Senate in 1869. In 1870 he was re-elected senator, and was chosen president of the Senate. His name was brought as a candidate before the Republican Congressional Convention held at Dover, Dec. 17, 1870. On the first ballot he received 76 out of 244 votes, the largest number cast for any candidate, received 85 on the next ballot, but after the third ballot withdrew in favor of Mr. Small, who was nominated and elected. . True to his principles, Mr. Gordon has been the uncompromising foe of slavery, and in the dark and trying days of 1861 was the boldest person in Exeter in support of the Union, placing every dollar he owned in government securities, thus showing his faith by his works. The result of this confidence was a very satisfactory financial increase. From the age of eighteen, when Mr. Gordon, then in his sophomore year at college, united with the Congregational Church of Hanover, to the present he has been an earnest and devoted Christian, making other matters and secular pursuits subordinate to the cause of Christ. His time and his money have been freely given in aid of all good enterprises. His numerous benefactions show hira to be thoroughly imbued with the spirit of the Master, and he has worthily filled the office of deacon in the Second Congregational Society of Exeter for about twelve years. He has also taken great interest in Sabbath- school work, and was for ten years superintendent of the school connected with his church. Mr. Gordon's kindness to struggling and deserving students will long be remembered. From his interest in education he was chosen, Dec. 15, 1866, one of the seven members composing the first " board of trustees" of Robinson Female Seminary, then just organized. This position he held until expiration of term in 1870. In 1872 he gave one thousand dollars to Phillips' Exeter Academy for a scholarship for de- serving indigent students, and in 1874 gave one thou- sand dollars more for the same purpose. In 1881 he gave one thousand dollars, to be applied in the same manner, to Dartmouth College. In 1865, Mr. Gordon made a trip to California in the interests of a silver-mining company of Boston, and remained there one year. 292 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Mr. Gordon married, first, Dec. 26, 1853, Alcina Eveline, daughter of Moses Sanborn, of Kingston, jST. H. Their children were Moses Sanborn, John Thomas (died young), Nathaniel, Frances Eveline, and Mary Alcina Elizabeth. Mrs. Gordon died April 14, 1864; and June 4, 1868, he married George Anne, daughter of John Lowe, Jr., of Exeter. Systematic and conservative in business, Mr. Gor- don has been financially prospered ; but believing that " it is'not all of life to live," his gains are not the ob- ject of his worship, and in many and widely varying [ directions the kindness of his benefactions will be a blessing and a happiness to many generations yet to come. JEWETT CONNEE. Among the many old homesteads in Exeter is the homestead farm owned and occupied by Jewett Con- ner, which has been handed down from father to son unencumbered by debt for nearly two hundred years, he being the fifth in descent from Jeremiah Conner, who it appears was a large landholder both in Exeter ' and Gilmanton, N. H., and was one of the selectmen of Exeter several years in the early part of the last cen- tury. His children were Jonathan, Philip, Samuel, Benjamin, Hannah, and Ann. The daughters were married, and took the names of Hannah Rawlins and Ann Ly ford. Jonathan had the homestead. His chil- dren were Jonathan, Jeremiah, John, Mehetable, and Anne. The daughters were married and took the names of Mehetable Thing and Anne Giddings. Jonathan had the homestead. He married Mary Jewett, of Exeter. Their children were Jesse, Dan- iel, Nathaniel, Jedediah, Mary, and Eunice. Mary married Ezekiel Barstow, of Exeter. Eunice never married. Jedediah had the homestead. He was twice married, — iirst to Elizabeth Jenkins. Their children were Elizabeth W., Daniel, Susan F., and Jewett. His second wife was Abigail Gilman. They had one daughter, Mary, who died in infancy. Of these, Elizabeth W. married the Hon. Parker Shel- dron, of Gardiner, Me., and died Oct. 5, 1824. Daniel never married, and died Sept. 24, 1835. Susan F. married the Rev. Joel Terry, a Baptist clergyman of Kane, 111., and died Oct. 15, 1841. Jewett had the homestead. He married Nov. 15, 1838, Lydia, daughter of Josiah R. and Betsey Norris, of Exeter. Their children are William N., Fannie E., Ellen A., and Mary E. Of these William N. married, Septem- ber, 1866, Emma W. Hart, of Boston, Mass., who died Sept. 12, 1877, leaving one child, Arthur J., born March 26, 1868. Fannie E. married Jan. 17, 1877, Harrison G. Burley, of Newmarket, N. H. Ellen A. married Nov. 26, 1870, Orin F. Hart, of Chelsea, Mass. Mary E. married Dec. 26, 1881, Free- man Sanborn, of Newmarket, N. H. Mr. Conner is a modest, unassuming man, calm and deliberate, who acts from conviction and upon principle. He is one of the representative men of Exeter in more respects than one. As a descendant of an old and honorable family, as an agriculturist, as an honest, earnest, progressive man, he has been honored by his fellow- citizens and others with various positions of office and trust, having been repeatedly elected one of the selectmen and to other town offices; has been twice elected a member of the State Legislature ; in 1863 was appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury as- sistant assessor under the United States revenue law, and acted in that capacity seven years ; in 1879 was appointed by the Supreme Court a member of the State Board of Equalization for the term of two years, and reappointed in 1881 ; the duties of all which have been honestly and conscientiously discharged. His children have all married and are away from the old homestead, yet Mr. and Mrs. Conner are sur- rounded by many other blessings that tend to make their declining years comfortable and happy. SOLOMOX J. PERKINS. Solomon J., son of Stephen and Lydia (Smith) Perkins, was born in Lee, N. H., Aug. 18, 1804. His grandfather, Lieut. Perkins, was a distinguished soldier in the Revolutionary war, and lived in Water- ville. Me. He had three sons, — John, Joseph, and Stephen. Stephen Perkins was probably born at Waterville, but when young he was apprenticed to a farmer in Exeter. He married when of age, and began the mercantile business in Rochester, N. H. He unfortunately lost his property, after which he moved to Exeter about 1815 and engaged in farming. His children attaining maturity were John (de- ceased), Stephen (deceased), Solomon J., Benjamin R., Joseph W., Sarah A. (Mrs. John F. Merrill), and Adeline A. (Mrs. George Merrill). He was an at- tendant of the Congregational Church. In politics he was a Whig. He died in 1832, aged sixty-five years. His wife died Sept. 7, 1864. Solomon J. Perkins, coming from Rochester to Exeter when about ten years of age, worked in the " Pickpocket" wrap - yarn factory for about three years, then went to the Rockingham Mills for a few years ; from there went to Dover and worked in the Upper Mills, and then in the mills at the landing, being in Dover altogether about ten years. Thence he went to Pittsfield, N. H., where he had charge of the weaving and dressing departments in the mills for about two years. He married Armine Goodwin, of South Berwick, Me., Nov. 26, 1831. In connection with his brother, Benjamin R., he bought the Rock- ingham Mills, where they manufactured batting and coarse wrap-yarn. Leaving his brother in charge of the mills, he engaged with Capt. N. Gilman to super- intend his mill at "Pickpocket," and stayed there two years. In 1836 he bought the John S. Gordon place on Gordon Hill, comprising eight acres of land, moved there in the fall, and in 1837 opened a tavern and kept it for several years. He has ever since ^^z.-^'^' ^^-^-^^-^^^ innxL / ^ //^5t^c^^^^-to ^-^ ^^i^'l^^^^^-^ EXETEK. 293 made this place his home, and after a married life of over fifty years he and his esteemed wife have the satisfaction of knowing that they are held in high esteem by a large circle of relatives and friends. This worthy couple have descendants as follows : seven children — Eev. George G. (pastor of Congrega- tional Church, Avoca, Iowa), Solomon 8. (a farmer, living near his father), Moses A. (United States mail agent), Augusta (Mrs. H. E. Parsons), Albert M. (died from wounds received while leading his company at Gettysburg), Robert Hamilton (a popular teacher in Portsmouth Grammar School), and Jennie S. (a teacher in Harvard Grammar School, Boston, Mass.) — and seventeen grandchildren. Mr. Perkins has ever been an industrious and valuable citizen of Exeter. He has never sought official station, but has held the office of selectman of Exeter for several terms. In politics he has always been a stanch Re- publican. Both he and his wife have been members of the Second Congregational Church of Exeter for many years. Mrs. Perkins was a daughter of Moses and Sally (Lord) Goodwin. Moses Goodwin was a farmer and a builder of gondolas. He always resided in South Berwick and York, Me., dying in South Berwick in 1837. His wife died in 1861. B. R. PERKINS. Benjamin Rollins Perkins, son of Stephen Perkins, was born at Rochester, N. H., Jan. 17, 1807. When he was about five years old his father moved to Ex- eter, locating near Mr. Perkins' present residence,. on what is now "Perkins' Hill," then known as "Gor- don's Hill," to enable his family to work in the " Pick- pocket" mill. This mill was one of the very first in this part of the State. The stern battle with poverty and adverse circumstances came on Mr. Perkins early in life, and we find him in childhood spreading hay, etc., for nine pence a day. From this humble begin- ning at the lowest round of the ladder has he steadily ascended until he to-day ranks among Exeter's repre- sentative farmers, and is in a position of independent prosperity. We find him in various employments, earning a little at each, until 1821, when he began work in a shoe-shop in Exeter, where he labored for two years, becoming much attached to his employers. He was then offered the (to him) enormous salary of six dollars per month to work in the Rockingham factory, and this drew him thitherward, where he worked one year. In 1824 he went with a brother to work in a factory in Dover, and from five dollars rapidly gained in position and wages until he closed his connection with the mill in 1827, when he was receiving one dollar a day. Feeling the lack of education he returned to Exeter, and as long as the stock of money he had laid by lasted attended common school and academy. He then went to Dover Landing, and worked in a mill for about two years at one dollar and twenty-five cents per day. By this time he had saved fifty dollars. This he spent in traveling while vainly endeavoring to obtain employment in strange places. In 1829 he purchased on credit the stock of the store, then closed, at " Pickpocket" mills, amounting to about one thousand dollars, and was a successful merchant. In 1831 he with Mr. Flagg hired and conducted the Rockingham mills for three years, he removing his merchandise thither. In 1834, Mr. Perkins bought the mill, paying five thousand dollars, and carried on the business five years, when he sold a half-interest to his brother Solomon, this copartnership continuing until 1841, when they sold the mill, and Benjamin removed to the beautiful farm where he has since re- sided. Mr. Perkins has been a Whig and a Republi- can in politics. He was at one time much interested in militia matters, and was promoted step by step from clerk to colonel. Mr. Perkins married (1) Mary Jane Dolloflf, of Ex- eter, in 1881. She died in 1868. Their children were Lydia F., deceased; Benjamin J., married Sarah Giles, and has five children; William H., deceased; Jacob S. ; and Irene E. (2) Elmira J. Kimball, of Haverhill, Mass. Mr. Perkins is in possession of a comfortable prop- erty, the result of his industry and economy, and may be considered one of the representative farmers in his portion of the town. JACOB CARLISLE. To no man is the community more indebted than to the one who, by diligence, attention to business, and years of labor, has risen by his own inherent force from poverty to competency, and is acknowledged a "self-made" man. Perhaps no one is more entitled to this appellation in Exeter than Jacob Carlisle. Certainly no man has done more, during his more than forty years' residence in that place, to help the advancement of improvement there, and a brief sketch of his career may be perused with benefit. Jacob Carlisle, son of James Carlisle and Sally Dushong, his wife, was a native of Waterborough, Me. James Carlisle was an esteemed citizen, a farmer, and for many years served with acceptability as justice of the peace. He and one Swett were the first two set- tlers of Waterborough, and his family experienced all the vicissitudes of life in the woods. He died when Jacob — who was third in a family of four children- was a lad of thirteen. For a year thereafter Jacob was an inmate of the family of Mr. Swett. He then went to the home-place, originally two hundred and fifty acres (but two-thirds had been sold for four hundred and four dollars), and commenced his nearly half a century of business life by taking his mother's " thirds," the care of the family, and assuming a debt of one hundred and eighty dollars. He stayed here till he was eighteen, repaired the house (largely out 294 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of repair), erected a barn thirty-six by forty, paid the indebtedness, and had one hundred and fifty dollars at interest. This was a great achievement for a youth no older than he, and was the talk of the country- side. Young Carlisle had a vigorous and active tem- perament, and labored more days and hours than many men would do. When but sixteen he went into the woods, taking two men with him, whom he hired at two shillings per day, cash (a wonderful thing in those times of almost universal barter), and made a kiln, and burned three thousand six hundred bushels of charcoal, personally attending to the labor for sixteen consecutive days and nights without once going out of the woods. This narration gives the key to the success of Mr. Carlisle's whole business life. After leaving the farm he went to Lowell, Mass., and engaged for one season as boatman on the Essex Canal. The next year he engaged with the same man for another season, but the boat not being ready, he went to Exeter, N. H., to work on a railroad until needed. This was in May, 1840. He did not return to Lowell, for he soon formed a partnership with Hosier Shedd, a stone-mason. From this time to the present Mr. Carlisle has been a resident of Exeter. From time to time, as his earnings accumulated, he invested in real estate, and has since dealt quite largely in it. This copartnership did not last but a few months, and Mr. Carlisle continued the business alone for many years, employing at times as many as twenty men, winning a high reputation for honesty of work and promptness of execution. He afterwards began to move buildings, was very successful, and even yet is called upon to perform' a difficult job. To, employ the teams used in this business during the winter season, he commenced buying wood lots and clearing them of their lumber and firewood. He soon was extensively, for those days, engaged in -this busi- ness, being the leading operator in this line. It never made any difference to him whether he was bound by a written contract or verbal agreement, his word was kept and his agreement met, even at pecuniary loss. A characteristic instance occurred in his wood con- tracts with the Boston and Maine Eailroad. About 1860 he verbally agreed to deliver a thousand cords of wood at a defined price. Wood advanced a dollar on a cord, but Mr. Carlisle carried out his agreement, and by so doing lost the increase, one thousand dol- lars, in price. The next year, on same contract, the price increased five hundred dollars on the whole amount, and it was again filled. This keeping his word at a great loss gave him the confidence of the company, and for several years he could deliver wood when none else could, and has taken contracts for two thousand five hundred cords in one year. For about ten years he carried on the grocery busi- ness in Exeter. He began the manufacture of tin- ware and dealing in stoves about 1865 (in the build- ing on Water Street since occupied by Porter & Thyng), with one Skillings, as Carlisle & Skillings. This firm soon changed to Steele & Carlisle, and on completion of the Carlisle business block, built by Mr. Carlisle, in 1875, removed to the store now occu- pied by its successors, J. Carlisle & Son. In 1869 or 1870, Mr. Carlisle engaged in the foundry business with his brother James, and when, on the burning of the building ten months after this, the foundry was rebuilt by the " Exeter Building Company," Jacob took the business, and continued it until 1881, when he disposed of it to Lorenzo Ely. Mr. Carlisle has personally superintended his busi- ness, and is regarded as a sagacious and reliable prac- tical man, whose advice is sought often and carefully considered by many shrewd and successful men. He is frank and outspoken, and goes toward his mark in a straightforward, practical way, successful generally in his projects, and always keeping his money moving where it benefits the community as well as himself. He has never invested in bank stocks or government bonds, and is probably much higher taxed than many of. greater wealth. He was from the organization of the party a Republican, has been collector three years, selectman two years, and member of the State Legis- lature from Exeter for two years. In 1843 he married Mary 0., daughter of William and' Olivia (Steele) Colcord, of Exeter. They have eight children now living, — James W. (of firm of J. Carlisle & Son), Josephine (Mrs. Woodbury Berry), George E., Cora (Mrs. Dudley Burpee), Walter S., Eva, Etta, and Jacob. The career of Mr. Carlisle presents a valuable les- son to the poor but ambitious boy, starting as he did with nothing but willing hands, a stout heart, and a determination to succeed, and by industry, foresight, and integrity accumulating a handsome property and an independent position among men. JOSEPH T. PORTER. Joseph Thyng Porter, son of Dudley and Lydia (Swasey) Thyng, was born in Exeter, N. H., Feb. 14, 1815. His father was a blacksmith, working many years at that trade, and dying at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. Young Joseph was educated at Phillips' Exeter Academy, and was a fellow-student of Benjamin F. Butler. He commenced the active business of life as clerk in the hardware-store of John Gardner & Son, where, by attention to business and diligence, he remained seven years. About this time (1838), by an act of Legislature, he added the name of Porter to that of Thyng. He then went to George- town, Ky., to enter the employ of Hatch & Miller as clerk in their mercantile establishment in that place. After "discharging these duties with faithfulness for about two years he returned to Exeter, and in March, 1841, engaged in business for himself as grocer. His brother Samuel became associated in 1842, and the business was conducted under firm-name of Porter & Thyng until the death of Mr. Porter, Jan. 10, 1881, ^ng ^tyA.II BjJ^J^'!^ 00^-^Z^fi. EXETER. 295 and continued in the same building where started until 1879, ranking among the oldest business houses of Exeter. Mr. Porter was a careful, shrewd, conservative man of business, energetic withal, and with a strong hon- esty and honor that always forbade his stooping to a mean action. For nearly half a century he walked daily the streets of his native village and mingled with its people in social and business relations, and never did malice or suspicion whisper aught against his integrity. He was truly an honest man, and the vacuum caused by his loss cannot be filled by another. Possessing rare intelligence, capacity for and knowl- edge of business, he was for many years intrusted with various official positions, and in each position his judgment was accepted. As selectman of his town during the dark days of the great Rebellion, he dis- charged the duties of that very difficult position to the satisfaction of his townsmen, and was elected again and again. He was town clerk seven years, and represented Exeter in the State Legislature two years, and was faithful in the discharge of those duties. In public and private life he was modest and unas- suming in his manners, courteous and gentlemanly in his demeanor, and attached to his friends. He was firm and unflinching in the discharge of duty, ener- getic and indignant against all appearance of chica- nery or fraud. Honest himself, he could not endure deception in others. Mr. Porter married (1) in 1843, Abby P., daughter of Josiah Fogg, of Exeter. She died in 1861, leaving one daughter, Ella (Mrs. Hazen Churchill), whose only son bears his grandsire's name, " Joseph Porter ;" (2) Dec. 26, 1861, Anna M., daughter of James J. and Nancy P. Wiggin, of an old and honored New Hampshire family. Never possessed of a strong physical nature, Mr. Porter yet carried a pleasant philosophy of life through many months of illness, and when he died his family lost a kind and tender husband, a loving and indulgent father, and the community one of its worthy citizens. His widow and daughter reside in the village of Exeter, and, like the lamented husband and father, enjoy a warm place in the hearts of a large circle of friends. JOHN p. MOSES. John F. Moses was born in Exeter, N. H., Sept. 10, 1792. He was second son of Theodore Moses, whose residence in Exeter dates back to 1776. As a young man he is known to have been industrious, early en- gaging in the manufacture of hats, which he continued many years. The war of 1812 found him just stepping into manhood; his name was enrolled as a volunteer, and for a short time he performed military service in Portsmouth. Dec. 27, 1815, he was united in marriage to Mary S. Pearson, a woman of rare worth, who died Aug. 10, 1844. By this marriage there were eight children, of whom two sons and three daughters sur- vived their father. Plis second wife was Abby C. Boyd, a faithful helpmeet for him in his declining years. She outlived him but a few months, leaving one daughter and two sons. The home of this family was a centre of happiness, where the sceptre of rule was love and not fear, and where God was remembered and his word revered. As a citizen, Mr. Moses early won, and ever held, a high place in the estimation of the community. He took a lively interest in every- thing that promoted the welfare of the people, — in education, in morals, in good government, in the care of criminals, and in religious culture. He was broad in his sympathies, and his influence extended beyond his own town or county. For three successive years, 1849-51, he represented Exeter in the State Legis- lature. Engaged for many years in the wool business he was quite successful, and was well known and highly respected in business circles as a man of ster- ling integrity. But it is as a representative Christian that Deacon Moses principally appears in this historical work. He was early identified with the First Baptist Church of Exeter, and for more than sixty-seven years was a faithful and a consistent member. During sixty-two years he served the church as a deacon, and his dea- conate was after the pattern presented by Paul. For nearly fifty years he was superintendent of the Sun- day-school, a work in which he took special delight. His love for children was always manifest. Previous to the formation of a school in his own church — as early as 1818 — he assisted in forming one on a union plan, and gave to it years of patient toil. Deacon Moses was a man of deep research and intelligent reason. He was a genuine Christian, the result of close study of the Scriptures and clear convictions of their truth and belief in their teachings. He could give a reason for the hope that was in him. He was a believer of the Pauline stamp, and hence possessed that firmness and solidity of character which made him a pillar of strength in the church. He could be relied on every day in the year. He was a man of prayer. That was a true remark made at his funeral, "The easiest thing in the world for Deacon Moses to do was to get down on his knees and pray,'' and his prayers were unusually appropriate wherever ofiered. A marked feature of his life was its beneficence. It truly exemplified a religion that " visits the widow and the fatherless in their alfliction." It was not a cold, narrow, heartless form with him, but a life of active goodness, reaching out in the direction of need. Like his Master, "he went about doing good." He was eminently self-forgetful. Visiting the sick and relieving the needy were more than daily duties, they were labors of love. And in this work he sought out those who had the fewest friends and the most press- ing wants. The almshouse was made more cheerful by his frequent visits. He was welcomed there as the 296 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. poor man's friend. Many an inmate of the jail or convict of the prison had occasion to remember him for his liindly words, his earnest prayer, hiS gift of a Bible, and, in not a few cases, his seed-thought of hope that started into being a new life. The poor and unfortunate of Eockingham County had reason to thank God for the life of Deacon Moses. Of his manner of doing good it is enough to say that he illustrated the spirit of tlie precept, " He that giveth, let him do it with simplicity ; he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness." He was ready with his means to answer his own prayers, but never with ostentation, the recipient being often the only one to whom the act of kindness was known. His ministries by the bedside of the sick and the dying were always suit- able. He seemed to know just how to approach the sufferer with kindly words, and how, with singular appropriateness, to carry his case to God. His motto was, " Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst." His activities did not cease till the very close of his life. His old age was beautiful for its serenity, its childlikeness, its strength, and its ripeness. He died, after a short illness, surrounded by his family, Dec. 24, 1877, at the age of eighty-five years, three months, and fourteen days. "The memory of the just is blessed I" GILMAN BARKER. Gilman Barker is descended from one Josiah Bar- ker, and is the son of Noah Barker and Deborah (Gilman) Barker, Noah Barker was born in Exeter, N. H., Sept. 8, 1763. He married, first, Mary Phil- brook, Oct. 7, 1789. Their children were Josiah, born July 25, 1790 ; Benjamin, born May 28, 1792 ; Noah, born March 22, 1794; Lydia, May 21, 1796; and John, July 8, 1798. Mrs. Barker died May 17, 1800. Mr. Barker mar- ried for Ms second wife Deborah Gilman, Oct. 21, 1800. She was born June 29, 1773. Their children were Mary G., born Sept. 17, 1801 ; then three chil- dren who died in infancy ; then Gilman, born March 1, 1808 ; Susannah G., April 27, 1810; Deborah, July 16, 1812 ; and William, Nov. 5, 1815. Of the above, Josiah, Benjamin, Noah, Lydia, John, and Deborah are dead. Of those living, Mary married John Scam- mon, of Stratham ; Susan married Nathaniel Shute, of Exeter; and William is a jeweler in Elgin, 111. Mrs. Barker died Nov. 21, 1855, and Mr. Barker, May 10, 1858, in his ninety-fifth year. Gilman Barker, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, had very meagre educational facilities during his boyhogd, but made the best of what opportunities were presented. He was the son of a farmer, and chose that as his lifetime occupation. He married, first, Emeline, daughter of Deacon Daniel Smith, of Brentwood, January, 1839. To them were born three children, — Sarah, born May 5, 1842 ; Annie E., born Dec. 6, 1846 ; William G., born July 10, 1849. ^ Mrs. Barker died May 13, 1851, and Mr. Barker married for his second wife Lucy Ann, daughter of Thomas K. Russell, of Brentwood, June, 1853. Their chil- dren were Arthur 0., born June 2, 1858, and Charles W., born June 4, 1863. Of these, Sarah married William C. Marble, of Methuen. They have three children, — Maud, Charles, and Ernest. William G. married Alice Amadon, of Bellows Falls, Vt. ; they have two children living, Lucy and William, and one dead, Edith. Arthur C. is a machinist in Provi- dence, R. I. ; Charles W., also a machinist, is in Bel- lows Falls, Vt. Mr. Barker resides on the old home- stead, which has been in possession of the family since about 1740. It is a large and valuable farm. In politics Mr. Barker is a Republican. He is a member of the First Congregational Church, Exeter. He is a modest, unassuming man, never has sought office or distinction, preferring a quiet, honest, unos- tentatious life, free from the cares, strife, turmoil, and intrigue incident to a public career. He is a very energetic, active man, and at seventy-two years of age his step is more brisk and his movements more sprightly than most men of forty. He is a man who has the confidence and esteem of those who know him ; and his reputation for truth, honesty, and nobility of character is beyond cavil or dispute. CHAPTER XL. FREMONT. Geographical — Topographical — Early History — Incorporation — Poplin — Fremont — Military History, The town of Fremont lies near the centre of the county and is bounded as follows : on the north by Epping ; on the east by Brentwood ; on the south by Danville and Sandown ; and on the west by Chester and Raymond. The surface is generally level and the soil fertile. The early history of this town will be found in the history of Exeter and Brentwood, of which towns it originally formed a part. At the set- ting off of Brentwood from Exeter, in 1742, it became a part of the latter town and remained such until June 22, 1764, when it was organized as a separate town. It was originally called Poplin, but in 1854 changed to its present name, in honor, doubtless, of Gen. John C, Fremont, the first candidate of the Re- publican party for President. The precise settlement of the town is not known. Rev. Orlo Hines was the first minister. There are two churches. Free Baptist and Methodist, Fremont is a station on the Nashua and Rochester Railroad, seventy miles from Worcester. It is twenty- four miles west of Portsmouth, ten west of Exeter, and thirty seutheast from Concord. SOLDIERS OF FREMONT IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. Joseph R. West, Co, B, 4th Begt,; enl, Sept. 18, 1861; disch, April 6, 1864, Charles W, Brown, Co, I, 6th Begt. ; enl, Aug, 11, 1S63 ; disch, July 15, 1866, ^Z^.>i>^.<.^ ^ (^;^.^^^^M_ n.^^-^^ 'fru!-f- In, hZh.Hbl ■ FREMONT. 297 Oriin West, Co. I, 5th Eegt.; enl. March 22, 1864; absent, sick jno disoh. furnished. Michael Fljnn, Co. 0, 6th Regt. ; enl. Sept.' 12, 1864: disch. June 28, 1865. T. Yelton, Co. B, 6th Regt.; died Teb. 1, 1863. John Loane, Co. D, 6th Regt.; enl. Sept. 12, 1864. James Smith, Co. H, 6th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 12, 1864; absent, sick, April 6, 1865 ; no disch. furnished. Jacob Yogle, Co. H, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1863 ; disch. Dec. 16, 1863. Bruce D. Osgood, sergt. Co. C, 6th Regt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1861. William B. Cadmus, Co. 0, eth Regt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1861; disoh! Dec. 16, 1862. Williamjj. Neal, Co. C, 6th Eegt; enl. Nov. 27, 1861; killed'Dec. 13, 1862. Julius Koening, 6th Regt. ; enl. May 17, 1864. George D. Foss, Co. D, 8th Regt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; disch. July 6. 1862, Henry Hutchinson, Co. D, 8th Regt.; enl. Deo. -20, 1861 ; died Oct. 26, 1863. Thomas G. Judd, Co. A, 9th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 7, 1862 ; trans, to V. E. C. Oct. 7, 1863. Perley R. Gordon, Co. C, 10th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 16, 1862 ; disch. March 18, 1863. John Clarken, Co. F, 10th Eegt; enl. Sept. 1, 1862; died Dec. 26, 1864. Plnmmer D. Small, corp. Co. B, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; pro. to sergt ; disch. June 4, 1865. Svlvester McLane, Co. B, lltb Eegt; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; disch. June 4, 1866. George W. Morrill, Co. B, 11th Eegt; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; killed Dec. 13, 1862. George F. Small, Co. B, 11th Eegt.; enl. Sept 2, 1862; disch. June 4, 1865. Joseph L. Small, Co. B, 11th Regt ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. Moses P. Stevenson, Co. B, 11th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 28, 1862 ; disch. April 29, 1863. John C. Trickey, Co. B, 11th Eegt; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died March 1, 1863. John W. Mai-sh, Co. B, 11th Eegt; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; killed Dec. 13, 1862. Joseph Sanborn, Jr., corp. Co. C, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 21, 1862; diach. June 4, 1865. Orrin Bean, Co. C, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 21, 1862; disch. June 4, 1865. Charles O. Copp, Co. C, 11th Regt; enl. Aug. Zl, 1862; pro. to Corp. June 4, 1865. John B. Clement, Co. C, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 21, 1862; disch. June 4, 1865. Enoch F. Osgood, Co. C, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 21, 1862; killed Dec. 13, 1862. John A. Tilton, Co. C, 11th Eegt; enl. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. Jan. 24, 1863. George A. Tilton, Co. C, Jlth Eegt; enl. Aug. 26, 1862; died May 12, 1864. Joeiah West, Co. C, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. June 4, 1865. George D. Foss, Co. C, 11th Eegt.; enl. Aug. 19,1864; trans, to 6th Regt; disch. July 17, 1865. Charles MuUer, Co. A, 11th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 19, 1863 ; trans, to 6th Eegt. ; no disch. given. Charles Fries, 11th Regt ; enl. Dec. 23, 1863. Louis Ferry, Co. H, 11th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 19, 1863. John Gippeit, Co. K, 11th Eegt; enl. Dec. 18, 1863; disch. Aug. 14, 1865. James Toben, Co. K, 14th Eegt ; enl. July 29, 1864 ; disch. July 27, 1865. David Sanboro, Co. K, 15th Eegt; enl. Oct 16,1862; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Joseph W. Bishop, Co. B, 18th Eegt ; enl. Sept 14, 1864; dlscli. June 10, 1865. Daniel A. Webster, Co. B, 18th Eegt; enl. Sept. 13, 1864; died March 2T, 1866. Warren D. Levering, Co. B, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 6, 1864; disch. Jnne 16, 1866. Orrin West, Co. F, 2d Eegt U. S. S. S. ; trans, to 6th Regt. March 22, 1864; absent,' sick ; no disch. furnished. Hiram P. Beede, Co. E, 2d Eegt. V. S. S. S.; enl. Sept 9, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864 ; trans, to 6th Eegt. Jan. 30, 1865 ; absent, June 28, 1866 ; no disch. furnished. Joseph Toland, tj. S. C. T. ; enl. April 6, 1865 ; date disch. unknown. John H. Carr, Jr., date disch. unknown. James Mager, date disch. unknown. James Carroll, date disch. unknown. Robert Baker, date disch. unknown. George Merrill, date disch. unknown. Samuel Wilson, date disch. unknown. Thomas Fowler, enl. Aug. 26, 1864; date disch. unknown. George W. Wiggin, enl. Aug. 26, 1864 ; date disch. unknown. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. KOBBRT S. FRENCH. Eobert S. French was born March 21, 1801, in the town of Danville, N. H. He is the son of Jonathan French, of that town, who was one of the most promi- nent men of his community. He was a man of strong religious proclivities, and an earnest, faithful Chris- tian. He possessed the confidence of his fellow- townsmen to a remarkable degree, and did a great deal of probate and justice business, was a represen- tative to the Legislature three years, and held various other offices. He was an eminently pious, earnest, honest man (see French history, in another part of this volume). When Robert S. was twenty years of age he went to reside with an aunt in Chester, and after his father's death, in 1828, he made Chester his home, remaining with his aunt until her death. While living in Chester he was elected selectman two years. In 1835 he came to Fremont, and in Novem- ber of that year he married Sarah, daughter of Abel and Abagail (Wood) Kimball, of that town. She was born in May, 1805, and died Oct. 6, 1875. She was a devoted wife, a kind, affectionate mother, and a generous, constant friend. She had learned-early in life what it is to battle with the world. Her father died when she was but sixteen years of age, leaving her and her widowed mother alone. The cares of the farm devolved upon them entirely. They had a hard fight, but sustained themselves heroically and well. When she and Mr. French were married he took charge of the place, and from that time to the present it has steadily and constantly been improved, beauti- fied, and rendered more valuable. The old, tumble- down, dilapidated buildings were removed, and in their stead he has reared handsome structures, — a commodious and elegant residence, with- numerous and spacious out-houses. He has been a very successful man in business, and has surrounded himself with all the comforts and con- veniences in his home which would tend to make his home-life enjoyable. He has always been Repub- lican in politics, and a Free- Will Baptist in religion. He has twice represented his town in the Legislature, in 1856 and also in 1878, and has been selectman two years. Mr. French is a man of fine physique, and at eighty-two years of age is hale and active, and at- tends to more business than most young men would like to undertake. He has but one child, a daughter, Sarah E., who resides with her father. Miss French has inherited all her father's business qualities and 298 HISTOKY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. intellectuality. She has taught twenty-seven terms of school, — eleven in Fremont, seven in Brentwood, two in Raymond, and three in Sandown. She has always received the highest encomiums of praise from superintendents and patrons for thoroughness and success as an instructor of youth. She is a rigid dis- ciplinarian, an earnest worker in the school-room, and an intelligent, cultivated woman ; just the kind of guardian and guide to direct the young mind in the proper pathway, and encourage its progress. BANIEL BEEDB. Daniel Beede is descended from one Eli Beede, who emigrated from the Isle of Jersey to this country about the year 1700, being then about sixteen years of age. He married Mehitable Sleeper, and to them were born sis children, — Hezekiah, Daniel, Thomas, Jonathan, Elizabeth, and . Jonathan was born Sept. 18, 1734. He married Anna Sleeper, born Feb. 17, 1736. They had ten children,— Ruth, born May22, 1759; Jonathan, born Dec. 24, 1760; Naomi, born Jan. 18, 1763; Mary, born Nov. 11, 1764; Huldah, Jan. 31, 1767 ; Hannah, March 31, 1769 ; John, April 8, 1771 ; Moses, July 16, 1773; Abraham, June 27, 1775; Eli, Sept. 9, 1777. He married for his second wife Susan- nah Hoag. He was the first of his family who joined the Society of Friends, in which church he became a minister, and all his descendants since his day have been birthright members of this society. He died June 14, 1825. Eli, his son, married Ruth Peaslee, Oct. 22, 1800. They had four children,— Jonathan, born.Jan. 4, 1802; Daniel, born March 28, 1804; Eli, born Aug. 1, 1806 ; and Mary, born May 18, 1808. He was a farmer, and held various town offices. He died in the prime of life, March 5, 1822. Mrs. Beede, his wife, died Nov. 13, 1842. Of their children, Jonathan is living now in Iowa. He married Ezubah Leishure, May 18, 1842. Eli is living in South Hampton, N. H. He married Miriam Huntington, Oct. 2, 1834. Their children are Ruth Ann, born Dec. 4, 1835 ; Phebe, Feb. 12, 1838 ; Lindley M., Feb. 5, 1840 ; Mary Ellen, Jan. 18, 1843. Mrs. Beede died July, 1845. He married for his second wife a sister of the first, Elizabeth Hunt- ington, boKn April 20, 1822. They were married Aug. 24, 1846. Thir children are Anna M., born March 4, 1848; Alniira B., Nov. 15, 1850; Daniel S., Jan. 31, 1852 ; Chartes E., Jan. 5, 1854; John J., Sept. 10, 1856 ; Lillie H., July 18, 1863. Daniel Beede received a common-school education, supplemented by an attendance of six months at Y. M. B. School, Society of Friends, Providence, R. I. He made remarkable progress in his studies, particu- larly in the science of mathematics. He married, Oct. 9, 1834, Ann Elizabeth, daughter of John Fol- som, of Epping (see Folsom history in this volume). They had two children, — Susan L., born June 12, 1836, and George F., born Jan. 5, 1838. Susan mar-' ried Andrew Philbrick, of Danville, June 4, 1868. Mrs. Beede died Dec. 30, 1846, and Mr. Beede has never married again. He has been a minister in his church between twenty and thirty years, and has trav- led quite extensively both in the United States and Canada. He has been clerk or assistant clerk of so- ciety meeting for more than fifty years. His grand- father, his father, himself, and his son have each been selectmen of their town. He has been superintend- ent of school committee twenty years, was a member of Constitutional Convention of 1850, and has held various other offices and positions of trust. In poli- tics he has always been Whig and Republican. He bears in his face the stamp of honor, truthfulness, and integrity, and through the course of a long and active life has so deported himself as to make friends of all with whom he came in contact; and now that his days draw near their close, can look back without regret, and review his career without remorse. George F. Beede, his son, was married May 20, 1863, to Ruth P., daughter of John and Sarah Nichols, of Winslow, Me. She was born April 3, 1839. Their children are William B., born Aug. 3, 1864; Annie E., July 16, 1866 ; Louis A., May 20, 1868 ; George E., June 24, 1870; Mary Alice, Oct. 14, 1874; Augustine, March 27, 1876 ; Charles C, June 9, 1877 ; Abbie S., Jan. 15, 1880. He attended the Friends' school at Providence three winters, and one term at Oak Grove Seminary, Vassalboro', Me. By occupation he is a farmer, and also deals in lumber. He has been rep- resentative to Legislature two years, superintendent of schools ten years, selectman nine years, and chair- man of the board eight years; is also justice of peace and land surveyor.. He lives on the land owned by the original Eli Beede, and settled by Jonathan about 1760. JOHN WHITTIER. John Whittier, son of Aaron and Lydia (Worthen) Whittier, was born in Raymond, Rockingham Co., N. H., Aug. 12, 1818. Being reared a farmer's son, he had only such educational advantages as were af- forded by the common schools of his town, which at that early day were rather meagre. He made the best use possible, however, of such facilities as were pre- sented, and succeeded in obtaining a fair education. At about eighteen or twenty years of age he learned carpentering and followed this trade until the death of his brother, who had remained at home with his father, called him back to the old homestead to take charge of the aiFairs there. He married, Sept. 12, 1849, Mary A. Levering, born Aug. 31, 1825. She was the daughter of Daniel and Ruth (Atwood) Lov- ering. Mr. Levering was a native of Raymond, and Mrs. Lovering of Hampstead, her father being James Atwood, who resided on the old Atwood homestead, and was a descendant of one of the earliest pioneers of that town. Mr. and Mrs. Whittier were married at Epping and came immediately to Fremont to re- JJANJEL BEEDE. Horatio Beede was the son of Phineas and Miriam (Taylor) Beede, of Fremont. He was one of a family of five children, — Horatio, born Dec. 18, 1797, Sally, Mary, Phineas, and William T. Sally married Samuel Smith; she is now a widow, living iu Bristol. Mary married David Eobinson, is also a widow, and resides in Lawrence, Mass. Phineas Beede, Sr., was a prom- inent and worthy member of his town. He was a Federalist and Whig in politics, and in religious faith a Methodist. He died Jan. 7, 1863. His father was a sergeant in the Eevolutionary war, and was descended from Eli Beede, who emigrated to this country from Jersey Isles about 1650. (See Beede history elsewhere in this volume.) Horatio was reared a farmer and received only such education as was to be obtained at the common schools of that day. His life was chiefly spent in agricultural pursuits, with the exception of about seven years spent in Boston when a young man, dur- ing which time he never lost a day from his employ- ment except when he came home to visit his parents. At the expiration of this period he came back to Fremont, and purchased the farm upon which he re- sided to the time of his death, and which his son, Phineas B., now owns. He married, April 12, 1824, Hannah Fellows, of Danville. She was born June 11, 1799. Their children were Hiram P., born Feb. 26, 1827 ; Mary M., born May 13, 1829 ; Phineas B,, born Sept. 16, 1831 ; and Sarah J., born Oct. 18, 1840. Hiram P. lives now iu Chalk Mound, Kan. He was a volunteer in Co. E, First New Hampshire Volunteer Sharpshooters, and was wounded at the battle of Fair Oaks. Mary M. married Smith Rowell, and resides in Sandown ; Sarah J. married Geo. W. Bassett, and lives io Fremont. Mr. Beede was a captain of militia. He was selectman of his town, and also a representative to the Legislature. In religious belief he was a Universalist. He was a remarkably liberal-minded man, of broad views and sound judgment, of sterling integrity of character, firmness, and decision ; independent in thought and action. A man who acted from principle, and acted fearlessly. Mrs. Beede died Jan. 27, 1862. Mr. Beede married for his second wife Mrs. Susan E. Tilton. (See history of French family in this volume.) He died Feb. 16, 1878. Phineas B. married, Oct. 29, 1856, Ann R., daughter of James and Afia (Atwood) Leavitt. They have but one child, Charles Ellsworth, born May 10, 1861. He is on the old homestead with his parents. GREENLAND. 299 side, where, on small capital, Mr. Whittier established himself as a shoe-box manufacturer and a dealer in lumber. From a small beginning he, by dint of un- tiring energy, fair dealing, and a far-seeing business policy, succeeded in rapidly building up a large and lucrative business, and soon became one of the most successful men of the town. He dealt considerably in real estate, and through the course of a pushing, active, successful business career he built up and maintained a reputation for honesty, sincerity, can- dor, and fair dealing which it is the lot of few men to obtain. He was one of the few men against whom the voice of envy and malice seemed to be hushed. He died April 14, 1873, leaving one child,— Hattie A. As soon as the estate was settled up, Mrs. Whittier, with her daughter, removed to Manchester, N. H., where she now resides. She has a pleasant, beautiful home, and by her amiability and kindness of heart has won a large circle of friends. 'CHAPTER XLI. GREENLAND. Geographical— Topographical— Petition for Privileges— Petition for a Si Township — DocuDientary History— Petition of Inhabitants of" Break- fast Hill"— Other Petitions— Taverns — Warof theE-evolution — Action of the Towns— Town Stock of Ammunition— Hiring Soldiers— An- nexation to Massachusetts. The town of Greenland lies in the eastern part of the county, and is bounded on the north by Great Bay and the town of Newington ; on the east by Portsmouth and Rye ; on the south by North Hamp- ton and Stratham ; and on the west by Stratliam. The surface of the town is rolling and its soil fertile. Documentary History. — The parish of Greenland was incorporated in 1703, and two years later, 1705, the inhabitants petitioned for liberty to have "a min- ister and school-master among themselves. The fol- lowing is a copy of the petition : petition of the inhahitanls of Greenland for Priviledges — 1705. To His Excellency Josepli Dndley Esq— Govern'' and Comander in Chiefs in and over his Majestit-s province of New Hunipahire and Vice Ad- miral of the same — The humble Petition of John Johnson Abraham Lewis and Samuell "Weeks on hehalfe of themai-lves and tbe Inhabitnnts of Greenland, be- longing to the Town of Portsmouth. Humbly Sheweth That there are about three hundred & Twenty persons ; men women and Children in Greenland who are Oblidged to come to tlie Bank to meeting, and the distance being five and six miles and the season of the yeare occasioning bad travelling as alboe tlie danger of tlie Enemy makes it very difficult and Tedious to gett to the said meeting, or to send their children every day to school being not able to Table them abroad : See that yuur poor petitioners are almost deprived of publickly hearing the word of God or getting their chihiren Educated with Read- ing and writing And your petitiuni-rs liuve desired at a publick Tovi-ne meeting to have the Liberty of a minister and schoolniaster among themselves. They paying tl)eir sfillary and to be Exempted from pay- ing to the minister and schoolmaster at the Bank but there is noe care taken about itt by the Town who conliiiiifs Silent in the matter. May it therefore please y' Excellency to Consider the premise, and to order as you in your prudent Judgment shall see meet relateing to the same whereby yo^" petitioners may obtaine the priviledge of a minister and schoolmaster among theniselvea as aforesaid, And they as in duty bound sluiU ever pray &c John Johnson Abraham Lkwis Samuel Weeks 5th May 1705 This Petition is referred to the Select mon of Portsm^ to make answer and objections if they have any to myaelfe in a months time. J, Dudley. In 1716, Ebenezer Johnson and others petitioned to be joined to the parish of Greenland, as follows: 17th January 1716. To the Honourable George Vaughan Esq. L* Governor of his Majesties Province of New Hampshire and the Honourable his Majesties Coun- sel — The Humble petition of the Inhabitants That live on the Pattin adja- cent to Greenland who are on thia side of the line which was formerly Run between Portsmouth and Exeter beginingatt Walls Crick & running to Hampton bounds — Humbly Sheweth That we the subscribers would humbly pray that we may be joined to Greenland Parrish because we there commonly attend the worship of God, which is abundantly more convenient for us than any other place of publick worship and have diverse of us been heipe full in building an house to worehip God In there att s*i Parrish. We Likewise the Inhabitants of Greenland being a poor & small Par- rish Humbly pray your honors to Grant that all the Inhabitants which are within the afore s'^ line from Walls crick to Hampton- bounds May be added to us — We therefore humbly crave your Honours Grant of these our request & yoor petitioners as In Duty bound shall pray &c. Ebenkzee Johnson -i John Gate Assessors > James Berrey ) Nathanell Wright Richard White Jud. Allen Samuell Folsom Mikel Hicks Joseph Hill Walter Philhrick John Eveny Isaac Foss Jonathan Weeks Tho Letherbe. Petition for Certain Privileges. — In 1720 Green- land had so increased in population and importance that the inhabitants petitioned the Governqr and Council for privilege to choose a constable, and one of three members to represent them in the General As- sembly. This petition is dated March 18, 1720-21, and is as follows: Petition to be Freed. Province of 1 To y^ Hon^e John Wentworth Esq Ltt, Govern' and Corn- New Hamp'! mand'-in Chief for ye time being, & to y^ Hon^i^ yo Council of his Majesty^ Province afores^. The petition Jam^ Johnson, Sam^ Weeks & Josh Weeks of Greenland in hehalfe of b^ Parrish — Humby Sheweth — That on y^ 15ti» Instant att a Parrish meeting Law fully conven'd we your Petition" were electa a comitte to address your Hon" & tiiis HonWo BoHrd in behalfe of our s^ Parrish for some further liberty^ & Priviled« to be granted in & amongst ourselves for y' y Petition" have now only y8 liberty of Raising money on yo Inhabitants there for yo support of yo ministry schoole & poor wthin y District : & ye Province Tax being Raised by the Selectmen & assessors of Portsm" who living Remote canot posibly be apprized of y^ perticular Capacity of ye several Inhabitants there— Whereby ye Tax is many times very unequal — Wherefore your Pe- tition" HumJ Pray, yt your Honours in your Great Wisdom wil see cause to order yt we may be dismissed from ye Bank from having any tax laid on us there; & yt we may be freed from ye charge and Trouble of attend- ing ye Publick Town meetings there & yt a Comittee be By your Hon" 300 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. chosen to Proportion Greenland in yo Province Rates & yt ye same may be RaiBti in Equal Proportion by our own asseasore & y"^ Mr Treasurer be Directs to issue forth his Precept to our Parrish for y* Eud & y* we may choose a constabl amongst our selves to collect ye aesesBmenta y* are from time to time made & yt we may be allow* yo Privilidge of choosing one assembly man in our Parrish to Represent us in Gen" Assem'J we paying him out of the Parrish stock which Grant* yr Petition" shal as in Duty bound ever pray &c. Jams Johnson 18, Mar. 1720-1 Sam" Weeks Josh. Weeks. March 2l8t at a Council— Psent yo Lt Gov Wentworth, Sam^ Penhallow Esq. Rich^ Wibird, CoU" Walton Esq. Thof Wastbrook, Esq. George Jeffrey— The above Petition Read, and Granted and Ordered that a com'ittee upon Oath take an account of y" Rateable Estate of ye District of Green- land by y/°^ ye Proportion of the Prov. Tax, is to be Settled who are to make Return to this board, that the Treasurers warrant be made out accordingly. Petition of Greenland for a Tovmship. To His Excellency Samuel Shute Eaqr Capt Gen'i & Com'and'in Cheif & Over His Majty^ Prov. of New Hamp" and to the Hon^ie the Council of 8* Province — The Humble Petition of Sami Weeks James Johnston AMathiaa Haines of Greenland Parish in the Town of Portsiiio in ye Prov. of New Hamp" afores* for themaelvea & in behalf of s* Parish, Humbly Sheweth. That yo' Petitioners are a district of Portsm" and always have been accounted Part of s* Portsmouth, and have paid Rates in s* Town ac- cordingly, and but very Lately have been made a Separate Parrish, and the Town of Portsnio aforesd having obtained a grant of yo' Excellency & Hon" for a Township. Yc Petitioners Humbly pray that yo' Excellency & Hon" would be pleased to Ord' that yo' Petitioners, as they all along have paid their part of the charges & help to support the warrs against the enemy as inhab- itants of Portsmo afores-i That they may now Reap the benefit of the aforesaid Grant of Land in proportion w^t their neighbours — the other inhabitants of s* Portsmouth or that yo' Petitioners may have an Equiv- alent of Land adjoyniug to the aforesd Grant, Granted unto us. And yo' Petitioners as in Duty bound will ever Pray : SamII Weeks, James Johnston, Matthias Haines. Portsm" May IQth 1722, Petition of inhabitants of Breakfast Hill)- To the honbie John Wentworth Esq. Liut Govern' & Commander in Chief in and over his Majtioe Province of Newhampshjre to y" hon^e the Council & house of representatives Oonven'd in Gen" Assembly. The humble Request of us the Subscribers inhabitants about Breakfast hill A owners of Land neare Greenland meeting house, humbly Desires, That whereas we are soe neaie said meeting house & have paid our part towards the maintenance of ye Ministry there Ev since it hath been built, Y' for the future wee may be by act of Government set of towards payment of the ministry to y* place It being most convenient for us by many miles — &. your Petitioners shall ever pray &c. May 25t'i 1725 his mark Thomas bery James Whidden Jo" his mark, bleak James Johnson Isaac liis g mark, foos R. Wibird James fooler desires to pay to John Wheden Greenland Sc Sande-hecli he a parish of theniaelves. Petition for extension of boundary lines. Province of ) To the honbie John Wentworth Esq. Liut Govon' & Com- New Hampf i anderin Chief in and over his Majti*» Pi-ovince of New Hampshire and to the hon^io the Council & house of Representatives Conven'd in Gen'i Assembly for >-A Provin{;e. The humble Petition of Capt Samuell Weeks, Capt Joshua Weeks & Mr John Gate. ^ So called from the circumstance that a party of Indians in 1696, after an early attack on inhabitants of Portamonth, and the slaughter of fourteen persons, hubtily retreated, and stopped on the declivity of a hill (now in Greenland) and took breakfast. Ever since it has retained the name of Breakfast Hill. In the behalfe of the Poore parrish of Greenland as they are Impow- ered by said parrish to represent the same with the select men of Greenland. humbly Sheweth. That whereas by a vote formerly of the Town of Portsmouth (of which the said Greenland is a part) It was voted that Greenland Bounds should be on the South side of Packers farm (which supose is now Doctor Marches) and Whereas by a Vote of the Gen" Assembly 28ti» July 1714, Its said that Greenland bounds to Packers Bridge and thence to Joshua Haineses M' Gates k Edw"^ Ayerses farm, The Same is verry Ambiguous Whether these are included or Excluded and alsoe Mr. Edward Ayers at that time had two farms Southwest of s^ Packers or Marches farm — & it is not mention'd which — And Whereas Cap* Langdon & the comittee that made the last return: run the line from said Marches farm to Ed- ward Ayres Southwesterly farm, Exclusive of said Farm; which line comes to Northward of Berry Brook in the Rhoad to Sandy Beech, which is not above a mile from Greenland Meeting house, and Excludes fifteen families that live about Breakfast hill from ye s* Prtrri>h of Green- land that used to pay there towards maintenance of the ministry & lyes most convenient for them to come there. The loss of so many families is verry Great & Grievious to your verry poore petitioners: Therefore your humble Petitioners Humbly prayes (That considering your said parrish of Greenland consists chiefly in verry poore Inhabit- ants) and Containes a verry small Quantity of Ground; Great Part of said Parrish being not three Quarters of a mile Deep & In the Dpepest or Widest place verry little above a mile — That they containe a small Compass of Grond & no probability of Increasing themselves — humbly prayes your consideration & order that theire line betwixt them and Portsmouth may Extend Due south from Marches farm to y^ farm M' Etlward Ayers Bought of the Adm' of Richard Jose Esq Deceas-d and thence South East to New Castle line which line wid take in the fifteen families afore s^ and suppose the line foi'merly Intended^— But if it should seem meet to your hon'^ to take these fifteene families from said Parrish it would occasion theire Breaking up not being able of them- selves that remaine to support tlie charges of the Ministry with the other contingents on them. All the Comittees that Ever made any returne relating to a Divission- ale line being all of Portsmouth they made it as much in theire favor as possible by all Strain'd construction — Therefore if your hon'^ se not meet to Grant us the line Desiei'd, That then y hon's will appoint a Comittee of som other Towns (wholly Indifferent) to make and settle a line as they shall see convenient, accordin to Portsmouth Town Voate, in 1705 and in Greater Certainty than hath as yet been Don. And your Petitioners as in Duty Bound shall ever pray &c. May 19ti> 1725. John Gate Joshua Weeks Ebenezer Johnson Mathias Haines Bam^i Weeks May ye 26th 1725. In the House of Representatives read, and ordered that the Select men of Portsmo be serv'd with a copy of the petition and they to notifie the town of Portsmouth, To Appeare the second day of the setting of the next Gen" Assembly to show cause (if any they can) why the Prayer of the Petition may not be granted. James Jeffry, Clr. A8S"» In couni Eod™ die. Read and concurred Rich*! Waldron Petition relating to tax warrant. Province of i To His Excellency Benning Wentworth Esq. Captain New Hnmp' J General Governor and Commander in Chief in & over his Majestys Province of New Hampshire, The Hon^i" his Majesties Coun- cil I and House of Representatives in General Assembly Convened — Jan. 12tt' 1763. Humbly Shews— James Bracket cJZ^ (^^^-e^*^^^^^-^^ GREENLAND. 307 granted a superannuated relation, in which relation he continued until, at the ripe age of ninety-one years, he died at his home in Greenland, N. H., June 11, 1881. He was twice married, — -first to Mary Lane, Feb. 24, 181.'), with whom he lived happily for fifty-one years, or until her death, March 1, 1866. Six children were born to them, of whom only two survived the father. His second marriage, July 25, 1867, was to Sarah W., daughter of Capt. Charles and Elizabeth Tread- well, formerly of Portsmouth, a lady in every way worthy of the man, who made his home happy, and won the highest esteem of all his friends. The entire life of Mr. Adams was quite eventful, and he has left on record many narrow escapes from death and severe injuries. He was an intimate friend of Bishop Hedding, and was four times elected a del- egate of the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was several times elected representative, first by his native town, and later from the town of Green- land, where he resided from 1852 until his death. After his retirement from the active work of the min- istry he devoted much time to horticulture and agri- culture, in which he took great delight, and from which he realized a reasonable pecuniary profit. As a preacher, Mr. Adams was pleasing and instructive, and although his educational advantages were meagre, he attained to high rank among his brethren in the ministry. One who knew him well says of him, — "A strong vein of good sense was wont to pervade his pulpit ministrations. His voice, never boisterous or strained, was, however, invariably frrateful and pleasant to the ear. His preaching was not the storm-wind, sweeping resistlessly athwart the land- scape, nor was it the rushing of swollen floods, bear- ing everything away on their rapid tide; it was rather the gentle breeze, coming with its balmy influence to gladden and refresh us, or the calm waters flowing with gentle current through pleasant fields and sunny pasture-lands." REV. .JOHN A. M. CHAPMAN, D.D. Rev. John Alfred Metcalf Chapman, D.D., now (1882) pastor of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, New York, was born in Greenland, N. H., Aug. 21, 1829. Kis parents were Nathaniel and Martha Meserve Chapman. His brothers and sisters are Sarah J., wife of Nathan Berry ; Joseph W. ; Nathaniel; Martha J., wife of Eli Waterhoiise ; and Lucy R. Dr. Chapman is a lineal descendant of Edward Chapman, who came from England in 1642, and settled in Ipswich, :Mass., the line of descent being through Samuel, Samuel, Penuel, Samuel, and Nathaniel. He inherited a good constitution, which was de- veloped and hardened by the stern duties and plain living of a farmer's boy. He planted the first seeds of a liberal education in the common school, and at the academy at Hampton, N. H., and being an apt, as well as a diligent, scholar, he was always ranked among the foremost in his class. In these early days he acquired a taste for reading by appropriating the contents of every readable book in the neighborhood, thus laying the foundation for the broad culture of his ripened manhood. Ambitious to acquire an education, with the spirit of a true New England boy, he determined to help himself by helping others, and in the autumn of his sixteenth year tramped over into the State of Maine and secured a school, which he taught successfully, returning home in the spring with his winter's wages, and the more valuable acquisition, increased self- reliance. From this time to the close of his college course he supported himself by working on the farm and teaching school, thus securing his education by his unaided exertions. In August, 1844, at the age of fifteen, he made a public profession of religion, and joined the Metho- dist Episcopal Church the same month in his native town. Impressed from the first with the conviction that he was called to the gospel ministry, he still shrunk from the vast responsibility which it involved, and sought for some legitimate avenue of escape. In the spring of 1848 he went to Ohio for the purpose of teaching and studying, with the intention of making the law his life profession. He looked for employ- ment as a teacher in the vicinity of Cleveland, Akron, and Worcester, but not succeeding he journeyed to- wards Cincinnati. To add to his discouragement he found much sickness in the State, and that dreaded scourge, the Asiatic cholera, had made its appear- ance. Change of climate, diet, anxiety and disap- pointment, with loss of sleep, resulted in serious illness, and as he l.eft the cars at Cincinnati and stepped upon the platform, valise in hand, the shadow of death seemed settling upon him. Alone in a strange city, almost penniless, too sick to think or act intelli- gently, he was thus accosted by a gentleman in friendly tones : " Young man, you seem to be a stranger here, and you are sick. Come with me, or you will be in the Potter's Field in twenty-four hours, and your mother will never know what has become of you." He complied instinctively, and, stepping into a carriage, was driven to the Gait House, amid the rumbling of the death-carts as they bore their dead burdens away to burial. His benefactor was Dr. Shepherd, a bachelor physician of considerable wealth and distinction, who took him to his own room, tended him through a severe attack of cholera with a phy- sician's skill and the tenderness of a father, and kept him for three weeks without charge, and then as- sisted him in securing a school near Xenia. This good Samaritan " builded better than he knew." He could not explain what impelled him to go to the depot that morning and fix his attention upon the young stranger, nor did he live long enough 308 HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. to know that his kindly act had saved to the Chris- tian pulpit one of its brightest lights. Our young hero remained but a few weeks in Ohio, as his broken health compelled him to return to his native hills. As his health returned he began anew his struggle for an education, which was finally com- pleted at Waterville College, Maine, and at the Bib- lical Institute in Concord, N. H. He left the latter institution in the fall of 1853, having been licensed to preach in the previous year. He joined the Provi- dence Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1854, at its session in Edgartown, Mass., and re- ceived his first appointment at North Fair Haven in the same State. On the 15th of October, 1853, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Emma J. G. Knox, daughter of Nehe- miah Knox, Esq., of Pembroke, KT. H., and sister of Col. Thomas W. Knox, the distinguished writer and traveler. In his marriage he found indeed a helpmeet for him through all the vicissitudes of his itinerant life. Their surviving children are Mattie Ethol, born March 28, 1866, and Alfred Knight, born June 5, 1868. After remaining a year at his first appointment he was stationed at Millville, Mass., and the year follow- ing at New Bedford, where he preached with great success for two years. He then spent a year in Taun- ton, and the two following in Providence, E. I., and was then stationed at Fall Eiver, Mass., where for two years he labored with extraordinary success, great numbers being converted and added to the church. After these exhausting labors he took a much needed rest of a few months, but a vacancy oc- curring in Hanover Street Church, Boston, he was induced to become the pastor of that church, and the same year, 1863, was transferred to the New England Conference. The following spring he was regularly appointed there, where he remained two years longer, the constitutional term having been extended to three years by the General Conference of 1864. In 1866 he was appointed to the pastorate of the Tre- mont Street Church, and after three years of success- ful labor went to Grace Church, in Temple Street, and in 1871 was transferred to the New York East Conference and stationed at St. John's Church, Brooklyn. His eight years in Boston had been a period of toil and triumph seldom paralleled. His power in the pulpit and on the platform was univer- sally acknowledged. His services were sought for in every direction. The war of the Rebellion enlisted all his pow^r of sympathy and eloquence. He was chaplain of the State Legislature, and his physical endurance was the only limit of his victorious zeal. It was with great reluctance that his Boston friends gave him up to New York. But his health seemed to demand the change, and, after three years of .suc- cessful work in St. John's Church, he was stationed at St. Paul's Church, New York, only to be returned, at their earnest request, when his term closed at the latter place. But before the second year of his second term at St. John's had closed he was obliged to ask for a period of rest, which his intense study and un- ' remitting toil demanded. He retired to his old home in Greenland, N. H., and in 1879 traveled extensively in Europe with his family. He returned with invig- orated health, and in 1880, at the unanimous invita- tion of the church, was reappointed to the pastorate of St. Paul's, New York. Dr. Chapman received the degree of Master of Arts from his Alma Mater, and in 187- the Wesleyan University conferred on him the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity. Dr. Chapman's success has not been the result of a happy accident nor the wise triumph of genius, but is the legitimate fruit of a laudable ambition and a " genius for hard work." When his education was "finished," as common parlance has it, he regarded himself as having merely finished his preparatory studies, and has ever since been a student. Believing that the profession of the Christian ministry is the very highest to which man can be called, his motto has ever been " This one thing I do," and no temptation to secular occupations and no call to honorable ofii- cial place have ever moved him from his purpose to give himself entirely to the regular work of the min- istry. With superior natural endowments of mind and body, and a heart alive to the needs of human- ity, such ambition, devotion, and industry could have but one result. He has never had to seek for place, but is frequently embarrassed by the numerous calls from the best churches in the denomination to which he belongs. His sermons are models, — brief and logical, concise almost to severity, and yet ornate and eloquent, — so that the artist is gratified and the stern logician seldom finds a word that he can call superfluous. With such rare qualifications for the work of his profession, it is not surprising that men well qualified to judge should pronounce him, for all in all, without a superior in the pulpit of Methodism, or even of Protestantism. REV. EDWIN HOLT. Rev. Edwin Holt was born in New London, Conn., April 17, 1805. When he was about three years old his parents removed to New York City, where he spent his early years, and entered Columbia College in October, 1818, at the age of thirteen and a half; he graduated in August, 1821, and in September of the same year commenced the study of medicine with Dr. A. H. Stevens, one of the most eminent physi- cians of the city, and had nearly completed his medi- cal course when he experienced religion, and joined Dr. Spring's church in April, 1823, and was soon in- duced, by the advice of his pastor and his own con- victions of duty, to turn his attention to theology He entered Auburn Theological Seminary in 1824 and was licensed to preach in October, 1826 and was (jxtc^^i^ ^(rU. ^tf'-lm A.p:Rittri, ^ GREENLAND. 309 ordained pastor of the Presbyterian Church at West- field, N. J., in November, 18"i7. On the 24th of July, 1828, he was married to Miss Emily Titcomb, of Newburyport, Mass. After several other changes he accepted the call of the North Congregational Church, in Portsmouth, N. H., where he labored for nearly seven years, and was blessed of God with one of the most powerful revivals of religion that church has ever enjoyed. After a time it became his duty to accept the call of the West Presbyterian Church, in Carmine Street, New York, where, after four years of faithful labor, his health again failed, and he was dismissed from his people April 2, 1846. He was unable to preach for a year or two, but such was his love for his chosen work that as soon as he found his voice returning he accepted the call of the Congregational Church in Greenland ; but soon — his health becoming feeble, and finding the climate too severe — leaving Greenland, he settled over the Second Church, in Madison, Ind. Here he soon found himself unable to continue his labors in the ministry, and, leaving his people, re- moved to Evansville, Ind., where he was ever ready to assist his brethren as his strength admitted. His last sermon was preached in the old church at Evansville, with more than his usual impressive earnestness. Immediately after service he was seized with a severe attack of Asiatic cholera, which finally terminated in his old complaint of the throat, and after an illness of two weeks, which he bore with great patience, he expired on Sabbath morning, July 2, 1854, in his forty-ninth year. In the words of one of his devoted friends, " he brought to his profession a well-trained intellect and a devoted heart.'' His ministry extended over a period of twenty-eight years. The great head of the church owned his labors in several powerful revivals of religion. His remains rest in the cemetery of Evansville, beside those of his oldest son, whom he laid in the grave with the deepest sorrow just eight months before his own death. GEORGE WEEKS. George Weeks was born and lived at the Bay Side, Greenland, N. H., where his brother, J. Clement Weeks, resides. He married Caroline, daughter of Maj. John Avery, of Greenland, Dec. 24, 1856. He died Aug. 2, 1869. He was a good citizen, holding various offices in the town, representing it in the Legislature at the time of the Eebellion, where, by his influence and vote, he did all in his power to sustain the govern- ment. Few men have passed through life with a higher character for usefulness, integrity, and fidelity in all the relations of public and private life. Weeks is a Devonshire name. It has been variously written, as Wick, Wyke, Week, Weekes, and Weeks, etc. An old record says, " The Weeks family in Eng- land did not spring from obscurity," and describes their coat of arms. Leonard Weeks, the emigrant, came to Portsmouth previous to 1660, located in Greenland, and married Mary, daughter of Deacon Samuel Haines, of Ports- mouth. He was an influential man, holding positions of responsibility and trust in the colony. He is spoken of as " one of the men who stood rather for Massa- chusetts than the crown, as in Mass. Col. Rec. iv., pt. 2, 270." His name became a prominent one in all public movements of the time. A descendant of one of his daughters was Capt. Tobias Lear, who resided in Gen. Washington's family as his private secretary, married a niece of his, and after the general's death was appointed ambassador to some part of Europe. A descendant of another daughter was Governor John Langdon, of Portsmouth. Joshua Weeks, a descendant of the emigrant, was the first of the name to make his residence at that part of the town called the Bay Side. To this branch of the family Mr. George Weeks, the subject of this sketch, belonged. He married in 1690 Comfort Hub- bard, jof Boston, whose father was the ancestor of Thomas Hubbard, treasurer of Harvard College twenty-one years, until his death, when he was suc- ceeded in that oflice by John Hancock. His portrait by Copley hangs on the walls there, with the por- traits of other benefactors of the college. Maj. William Weeks, son of Joshua, married Elea- nor March, daughter of Dr. Clement March, Sr., of Greenland, March 10, 1748. He was one of the lead- ing men in town, a large landholder at the Bay Side, and did much to advance the best interests of the town. In his family Dr. Belknapp, the historian, for a time resided as private instructor to his children. Afterwards the daughters were sent to school in Bos- ton. Two sons graduated at Harvard and one of his sons was in the Revolutionary army, holding the rank of major. John, a son of Maj. William, and father of George Weeks, also lived at the Bay Side. He was deacon of the Congregational Church many years. Benevo- lence, soundness of judgment and intellect, a strong interest in the cause of education, and of whatever would promote the best interests of the town were among his many good traits. He married Mary Cofiin, a descendant of the emigrant, Tristram Coflin, and also of Hon. Nath. Weare, father of Meshec Weare, who, with the title of " President," was the first Governor of the State, holding various important ofiices in the public service forty-five years. GEORGE W. DAVIS. George W. Davis was born in Greenland, N. H., Sept. 17, 1806, and is the son of Amos Davis, who was born in Amesbury, Mass., Dec. 4, 1761, and set- tled in Stratham, N. H., when a young man. He 310 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. was for nine years in the employ of Judge Wingate of that place, but from there moved to Greenland, N. H,, where he died in 1848, at the age of eighty- seven years. He was a farmer and married Olive Veasey, daughter of Simeon Veasey, of Stratham, N. H. To them were born nine children, two dying in childhood, and seven grew to man and woman- hood, but at this time (1882) George W. is the only surviving member of this large family. He served his town as selectman, and in many ways became identified with the growth and prosperity of Greenland. He was an attendant upon and a sup- porter of the Methodist Church, of which his wife was a member. She died in 1848, aged eighty-one years. This family was of English origin, their ancestors being among the early settlers of Massachusetts. George W. Davis received a common-school and academic education, and taught school several terms. His life's work has been that of a farmer, and for a number of years he has spent his winters in Florida, where he is engaged in the cultivation of an orange grove. In politics he is a Republican, and as such represented his town in the Legislature of 1857. He has been several times selectman, and held various other offices of trust in the interests of Greenland. He married, June 26, 1850, Catherine M., daughter of William and Julia (English) Henry, of Balston, N. Y. Mrs. Davis was born April 23, 1814. Of this union there was born but one child, a son, George H. Davis, who died in 1865, aged nine years. Mr. and Mrs. Davis are attendants upon the Con- gregational Church, of which Mrs. Davis is a member, and he a liberal supporter. WILLIAM WEEKS. Leonard Weeks came from England in company with two brothers previous to 1660. One of the brothers settled at Falmouth, now Portland, Me., one in Rhode Island, and Leonard in Greenland, N. H., where the brick house now stands. He had four sons — John, Samuel, Jonathan, and Joshua — and three daughters, — Mary, Margaret, and Sarah. Joshua settled at Bay Side. His son William (1st) was born in 1723, and married Eleanor Marsh in 1748, by whom he had nine sons and seven daughters. William (2d) was born April 23, 1755. He was twice married, — first to Nabby Rogers, Oct. 5, 1780, and to them were born two children, — William and George. His wife died Dec. 8, 1783, aged twenty-three years. His second wife was Sarah Cotton Weeks, by whom he had twelve children. William (3d), son of William (2d) and Nabby (Rog- ers) Weeks, was born Aug. 21, 1781. He married. May 26, 1835, Louisa Porter, daughter of Rev. Hunt- ington Porter, of Rye, N. H. They had five chil- dren, — Ann Louisa, born March 22, 1836; Ellen Ma- ria, born Jan. 23, 1838 ; Sarah Porter, born Oct. 27, 1839 ; George William, born Sept. 8, 1841, married Sarah L. Robinson, of Exeter, May 26, 1878. They had a son born May 1, 1880, named William. John P. Weeks, born Jan. 24, 1844, married Ellen R. Hatch, April 26, 1870. She died Jan. 3, 1874. He married for his second wife Laura A. Foss, Sept. 26, 1876. They have two children, — Mabel Porter, born July 11, 1878, and Carrie F., born March 26, 1881. William Weeks was a representative man of Green- land, filling all the more important offices of his town. He and his estimable wife were worthy members of the Congregational Church in Greenland for many years, and he was one of its most active deacons. He was closely identified with the Sunday-school inter- est of his church, and for many years was an accept- able superintendent of the same. He died Feb. 20, 1864. From the pen of a personal friend we quote the following : " Seldom has the Christian profession shone with a brighter and more steady light than it did in the life o^this excellent man. Humble and retiring, he was nevertheless efficient and influential. He was dis- tinguished by a sincerity and kindness of heart which won for him the respect and love of all who knew him. His temper and daily walk betokened ' an Is- raelite indeed in whom is no guile.' The church of which he was long a good and faithful officer and servant, and the community in whose welfare he felt a tender interest, will ever cherish his memory as that of one whose life was eminently valuable and useful, and whose example will still remain for their imitation and encouragement. CAPT. G. T. BALL.' George T. Ball was of English ancestry, three brothers having come from England, and settled, one in New Hampshire, one in Virginia, and one in the far West. He is the son of Samuel S. and Mary (Muchmore) Ball, born in the seaport town of Ports- mouth, N. H., Oct. 27, 1809. He is one of a family of eight children, the names of several of whom are not unknown in some of our larger cities. Mr. Ball's early educational advantages were some- what limited, yet possessing a penetrating mind he acquired much information by reading and observa- tion. He commenced his struggle with Dame For- tune at a very early age. When about fifteen or six- teen years of age the intense desire that he had always felt for a life on the " rolling deep" overcame all obstacles, and he shipped in the capacity of a cabin-boy under Capt. Howe. After one or two voy- ages he commenced the study of navigation with Mr. William Harris, of his native place. Later he sailed as the employ^ of Messrs. Coues & Goodwin, in the South American trade ; of Messrs. Rice, Sise & Sims, in the European trade; Mr. Eben Wheelwright, in trade with St. Domingo, and others. Mr. Ball fol- 1 By M. Effie Furber. /'-/ /// ' {-6 fortunate enough to be able to effectively assist others in the latter plight. In April, 1844, the Philadelphia and Liverpool packet, " William and James Brown," be- came crushed in the ice off the coast of Newfound- land and sank, carrying down thirty-seven persons ; with much exertion the remaining twenty-six were saved from an icy grave. Oapt. Ball cherishes with much care the beautiful souvenir (engraved with the date, latitude, and longitude of the disaster) presented him by the rescued passengers. When about thirty- seven years of age he retired from the sea and pur- chased a farm, containing about one hundred acres, in the town of Greenland. Twenty years later he retired from active life and settled where he now re- sides, at Greenland Parade. Capt. Ball has been twice married, his first wife being Laurinda Mason, daughter of Samuel Mason, of Bye. They had four children, of whom the only surviving one, Arthur P., now re- sides in California. His second wife was Sarah A. Furber, of Newington, still living. Capt. and Mrs. Ball are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and able supporters of the cause. Capt. Ball is a Republican in politics, but has preferred to accept no positions of trust. Much of his knowledge of life was obtained from contact with foreign nations, having crossed the ocean many times, and visited many places of interest on our own continent and mingled with many races ; he has ac- quired a good understanding of various dialects of foreign countries. He is now (1882) seventy-two years of age, and still active, hale, and hearty. NATHAN BERRY. Nathan Berry is of English origin, and a lineal descendant of Thomas Berry, who was born Feb. 27, 1731, and Abigail Berry, born Nov. 23, 1734. They settled on the farm now (1882) owned by Nathan Berry, in the town of Greenland, N. H. There were ten children born to them. Isaiah Berry was their fourth son, born April 6, 1761, and married Bethsheba Shaw, and to them were born ten children, the fourth being Levi, born March 26, 1792, and married Patience Marsden, of Portsmouth, about 1815. To them were born four children, to wit: Abigail, Martha, Olive, and Francis A. (deceased). Isaiah Berry was a representative to the State Leg- islature, and was a representative man of his day, taking a lively interest in matters of state as well as in the educational and industrial affairs of his native town. Levi Berry was a captain in the State militia and served in the war of 1812. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was thoroughly identified with the growth and prosperity of Green- land. They journeyed down the path of life together, living to a good old age. He died in December, 1867, aged seventy-four years and eight months ; she lived to the age of sixty-eight years. Nathan Berry was born in Greenland, N. H., Oct. 23, 1818 ; received a common-school and academic education ; was elected by the Democratic party a member of the State Legislature in 1875-76. He is a successful farmer, and one of the largest milk pro- ducers in the town. He married Sallie J., daughter of Nathaniel Chapman, of Greenland, March 4, 1841, who was born Dec. 27, 1818, and to them was born one son, George W. Berry, May 8, 1844, who married Annie M. L. S. De Eochemont, and to them, were born five children,— Alice M., Martha C, Albert L., Ed- ward A., and Percy D. Nathaniel Chapman was a descendant of one Ed- ward Chapman, of Ipswich, Mass., who settled at Windsor, Vt., as early as 1662. Nathaniel was a farmer and had seven children, — Sally J., Joseph W., Nathaniel, Martha J., Lucy E., and John A. M., D.D., who became an eminent divine, and did efficient work in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is now (1882) pastor of a church in New York City. George W., another son, died at fourteen years of age. Nathaniel Chapman died in 1867, aged seventy- three years, ten months, and twenty-eight days. His wife, Martha Meserve, died about 1871, aged seventy- nine years. EDWIN A. PICKERING. Nicholas Pickering, son of Thomas Pickering, was born in the town of Newington, N. H. He was twice married, his second wife being a Langdon, of Ports- mouth, and a relative of Governor Langdon. By his second wife he had four children, one of whom was Thomas, who married Martha P., daughter of Joshua Brackett, of Greenland, and to them were born six children, viz. : Edwin A., James A., Joshua B., Frank T., Martha P., deceased, and John B., all born in Newington, where their father always resided, and was a farmer by occupation. He died at forty-five years in 1825, and his wife at seventy-six nearly in 1856. Edwin A. was born Oct. 21, 1808, and at two years of age commenced living with his maternal grand- parents, Joshua Pickering and wife, in Greenland, on the same farm where he now resides, and where he has continued to live, except some three years spent with his mother at home in Newington, succeeding the death of his father. His brother, John B., com- menced living with his maternal grandparents, also, at six months of age, and he has continued to reside there ever since. Their present farm was given to them by their grandparents, said farm never having been out of the Brackett name until the present time, and the present owners are relatives. Edwin A. re- ceived a common-school and academic education, and 312 HISTOEY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. taught several terras. His business through a long and successful life has been that of a farmer. In poli- tics he is a Democrat, as his fathers were for genera- tions. He has been selectman of Greenland and member of the Legislature in 1871-72, serving on several important committees. Since 1871 he has been magistrate of his town, and was at one time captain of the State militia. He is unmarried. James A. married Susan Mathes, and has three children, viz. : Frederick, Alice B., and Sarah. Joshua B. mar- ried Jane Pickering, and has two children, Deborah B. and Joshua B., Jr. Frank T. married Sophia De Witt, and has four children, viz. : Thomas, James B., Mqry S., and Adelia. John B. was born March 7, 1821 ; married May 28, 1868, Sarah J. Hodgdon, and has two children, viz. : Edwin C. and John B. RUFUS W. WEEKS. The ancestors of Rufus W. Weeks on the paternal side came from England about the year 1620 and set- tled in Greenland, then a part of Portsmouth. His grandfather. Dr. Ichabod Weeks, born 1738, died 1807, was a practicing physician for many years in Hampton, N. H., and in Greenland. His first wife was Sarah C. Cotton, daughter of Rev. Ward Cot- ton, of Hampton. His second wife was Comfort Johnson, of Greenland. His third wife was Abigail March, daughter of Col. Clement March, of Green- land. By his third wife he left one son and two daughters. His son, Stephen March Weeks, married Mary Shackford Gookin, and were the parents of six children, viz.: Charles M., Stephen M., Caroline, Na- thaniel Gookin, Ichabod, and Rufus W. The subject of this biography is descended on the maternal side from Daniel Gookin, who was born in England, 1612. At the age of nine he accompanied his father, a colonist, to Virginia, and in 1664 re- moved to Cambridge, Mass. In 1655 he was made superintendent of Indian affairs, a position which he maintained during life. In military rank he rose to major-general. He wrote " Historical Collections of the Indians in Massachusetts down to 1674." He died in 1687. His son. Rev. Daniel Gookin, minister of the church in Cambridge, Mass., married Hannah Savage. Their son. Rev. Nathaniel Gookin, of Hamp- ton, N. H., graduated at Harvard, 1703; ordained pas- tor of the church in Hampton, 1710 ; died 1734. His wife was Dorothy Cotton, great-granddaughter of Rev. John Cotton, who was born in 1585, educated at Trin- ity College, Cambridge, and in 1612 vicar of St. Bo- tolph's Church, inBoston, England, where he remained twenty years. Came to America in 1633. There he became pastor of the First Church. Their son was Rev. Nathaniel Gookin, of North Hampton, N. H., born in 1713, graduated at Harvard in 1731, ordained pastor in 1739, died in 1766 ; his ministry continued nearly twenty-seven years. He married Ann Fitch. Their son was Nathaniel Gookin, of Portsmouth, who married Mary Shackford. Their daughter, Mary Shackford Gookin, was the mother of the subject of this biography, who, in 1861, married E. Jenette Belknap, daughter of William Belknap, of Lisbon, N. H. They have four sons, viz., Belknap, Goldwin Ichabod, Arthur Hale, and Rufus W., Jr. He has held the various town offices, and represented the town in the Legislature. CHAPTER XLIIL GOSPORT. The town of Gosport is one of the cluster of islands known as the "Isles of Shoals," lying in the Atlantic Ocean, about twelve miles off the coast of Portsmouth, and with the exception of Appledore Island are within the jurisdiction of the State of Maine. Appledore lies within the boundaries of New Hampshire, and forms the town of Gosport, Rockingham Co. From a very early period in the history of this section of country these islands have been known as quite famous fishing-grounds, and were settled at 'an early date. In 1728 the inhabitants paid sixteen pounds as their proportion of the province tax of one thousand pounds. The Pioneer Preacher. — As early as 1650, Rev. John Brock held religious services on this island. The following story is related of him by Mather: " Mr. Brock brought the people into an agreement that, exclusive of the Lord's day, they would spend one day every mouth together in the worship of our Lord Jesus Christ. On a certain day, which by their agreement belonged unto the exercises of religion, the fishermen came to Mr. Brock and asked him if they might put by their meeting and go a-fishing, because they had lost many days by reason of foul weather. He, seeing that without his consent they resolved upon doing what they had asked of him, re- plied, ' If you will go away, I say unto you, catch fish if you can. But as for you that will tarry and wor- ship the Lord Jesus Christ this day, I will pray unto him for you, that you may take fish till you are weary.' Thirty men went away from the meeting and five tarried. The thirty which went away, with all their skill, could catch but four fishes; the five who tarried went forth afterwards, and they took five hundred. The fishermen after this readily attended whatever meetings Mr. Brock appointed them.'' Appledore and Star Islands are famous summer re- sorts, and not often is it the fortune of the summer tourist to drift into pleasanter waters than those that break upon the Isles of Shoals; Here are located the Appledore and Oceanic Hotels, both owned by Laigh- ton Brothers & Co. The islands are nine in number, — Appledore, Ha- ley's or Smutty Nose, Duck, Malaga, Cedar, Star, HAMPSTBAD. 313 Londoner's, Seavey's, and White Island, on which stands the light-house. Haley's Island has the safest harbor at the Shoals, and is the principal fishing port, many quintals of fish being cured there annually. During Mr. Haley's life a rope-walk was in existence upon this low-lying rock, and in it were made fishing lines and cordage. A wind-mill also turned 'its sails to the breeze, and a bakery furnished bread to all the islands. Of all these things no trace remains, but the handful of fishermen who inhabit the place keep up a brisk business while the season lasts, and the flitting back and forth of graceful fishing crafts makes glad the eyes of the artist and the lover of beauty. Appledore had at one time a population of six hundred souls, it being one of the first points settled in New England. Traces of an ancient town are yet to be found upon its southern portion, — a ruined cel- lar here, a garden inclosure there, a half obliterated turfy burial-ground, — unmistakable evidence of lives which have passed away. Some of the Englishmen who made the first settlement christened it "Apple- dore," after a village in Devonshire, and the old name yet clings to the island. Star Island held for many years the little village of Gosport safe above the tide. That quaint and most original and peculiar little town is now a thing of the past ; hardly a trace of it is to be seen upon the island except the historic church. CHAPTEE XLIV. HAMPSTEAD. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for a Parish — Names of Early Settlers— Petitions — The First Settlements — Miscellaneous — Congre- gational Church — Military Record. The town of Hampstead lies in the southwestern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Sandown and Danville, on the east by Kingston and Plaistow, on the south by Atkinson, and on the west by Derry. This town lies partly on the ridge of land between the Merrimac and Piscataqua Rivers. The soil is generally fertile. Petition for a Parish. — The first measures taken for the formation of Hampstead as a parish was a petition presented to the Governor and Council, Jan. 1, 1743-44, signed by fifty-four inhabitants, as fel- lows: To his Excellency Benning Wentworth Esq. Gov- ernor and Commander in Chief In and Over his Majesties Province of New Hampshire in New Eng- land, And to the Honourable His Majesties Coun- cil and house of Representatives in General Court Assembled, Jan. 1, 1743-4. The Humble petition of the subscribers Inhabi- tants in the Province aforesd, Sheweth. That the greater part of your Petitioners are In- habitants of the Land in Controversie between Kings- town and Haverhill — That one part of us hold our Land of Haverhill and the other of Kingstown. That However the Right of the soil may He disputed, we are without Dispute of New Hampshire Govern- ment. That your Petitioners are at such a Distance from every Parish Meeting house as Renders our at- tending publick Worship upon the Sabbath in any of our Neighbouring Congregations Exceeding Difii- cult, and to many of us quite Impjacticable. That we are therefore obliged to procure some person to preach to us or else to live without the Benefit of that Ordinance. May it therefore please your Ex- cellency and Honours to take our case under your Wise consideration, and either Vest us with Parish Powers with the following bounds, viz. Beginning at a Crockred red oak tree standing in Louden Derry line from thence runing Eastwardly three miles on Bryants line Thence Northwardly to a bridge called Capt Ingalls Bridge thence westerly so as to compre- hend the Dwelling house of one Jacob Wells from thence to the Corner Beach tree on Chester line and from thence upon London Derry line to the bounds first mentioned, Or If this may not at present be granted at least to pass an Act to Im power us for a time to assess and Levie Taxes upon the inhabitants within the bounds above sd for the support of the Gospel and other Incident Charges and your Peti- tioners as in Duty bound shall every pray. Subscribers. John Hoog Daniel Johnson William Moulton Thomas Croford William Stevens James Mills Peter Easman Zecheriah Johnson Michell Johnson William Hancock Hugh Tallant James Heath John Atwood Steven Emerson Israel Huse Benjamin Emerson Nathaniel Harriman Caleb Heath Samuel Worthen, Jr David Heath George Little, Jr William Heath Samuel Watts Robert Ford Benjamin Philbrick John Kezar Jonathan Kimball George Kezar Ezekiel Little Otho Stevens Jeremiah Eatton James Johnson Sam" Stevens, Jr Obediah Davis John Johnson Josiah Davis William Eastman Joseph Little David Copps Moses Tucker John Muzzy John Bond Joseph Stevens, Jr Jonathan Bond Daniel Ro]Derds Daniel Hebberd Daniel Roberds, Jr James Graves Ebenezer Gill James Cook Nathaniel Heath Jonathan Gile Joseph Stevens Samuel Stevens 314 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. In the House of Representatives April 18"" 1744. The within Petition Bead and Voted that the Peti- tioners (at their own charge) serve the Selectmen of Kingston with a Coppy of this Petition and the Votes thereon that they may appeare the third day of the sitting of the General Assemhly after the first day of May next. James Jeffrey, Cler. Assm Vote of Kingston setting off certain persons for a new Parish, &o. Prov. of New Hamp. At a Legall meeting of the Inhabitants & freehold- ers of Kingstown held the 24"' of September, 1746, 1" Lev" John Swett was chosen moderator of that meeting. 2* Voted, That we do hereby as far as in us lieth sett off Moses Tucker Israel Huse James Huse James Graves John Bond Jacob W^lls Meshach Gurdy John Straw, Jr William Straw Philip Wells Jacob Tucker Joseph Dow John Straw Jonathan Colby Daniel Hibbard Daniel Kidd Jacob Gurdy David Straw Reuben Clough Israel Huse, Jr John Pressey Benjamin Tucker John Hogg & Orlando Colby of Kingstown above 'sd with a certain Tract of Land in s* town for a Distinct Parish or Precinct Bounded as followeth viz : beginning at the Beach tree which is the Dividing Boundary between London Derry and Chester s* tree standing on y" west line of s* Kingstown and Running Southerly on s* Kingstown said Line as heretofore settled between s* London Derry & s* Kingstown to the Islands Pond (so called) then Running East and B South three miles. Then Northerly Till a North & B West Course will strike s* Kingstown line where it crosses the mill Brook (so called) as heretofore settled between s'' Kingstown & s** Chester & from thence viz where s'* Line Crosses s* mill Brook to run Southerly on s'^ line to the Beach tree first mentioned. This is a true copy, taken out of Kingstown Book of Records. Attest Jed. Philbrick, Town Clerk Petition of Richard Hazzen, &c., about support of Rev. James Gushing. To His Excellency Benning Wentworth Esq. Gov- ernour & Commander in Cheif in and over his Majestys Province of New Hampshire in New Eng- land & to the Hon"° his Majesties Councill & House of Representatives in Generall Court assembled at Portsmouth for s'^ Province, May 1748. Humbly Shews. Richard Hazzen for himself and in behalfe of the Inhabitants of that Part of Haverhill district com- monly called Timberlane, That the inhabitants of said Timberlane have for the greatest part of fifteen years past at a verry great cost and charge hired a minister to preach amongst them and at the same time been Excused from paying any thing towards the support of the Rev* Mr James Gushing. That the Rev* Mr Oushings Hearers (Exclusive of said Timberlane) live about two thirds of them on the North Side of the Boundary Line and in this Province and the other third on y* other side on which side lyes also the greatest part of his Personage or Glebe Lands. That at a meeting of thte District in November last Pursuant to the selectmens warrant it was agreed & Voted that the inhabitants living on this side of y* line (meaning those who lived out of Timberlane limits) should pay the Rev" Mr Gushing Two Hun- dred pounds for his support this year, Old Tenor on consideration of the Depreciating of the money &e which would have been a small matter more than what they paid last year. That some time afterwards at a Legall meeting of the afore s* Districts, The inhabitants of Timber- lane were by vote set ofi" from Mr Cushings Parish and near the same lines which a committee Sent By your Excellency & the Hon'''^ Council thought proper to be done as appears by their Report. That notwithstanding the meaning & intent of the afore s* Vote respecting M' Cushings Support by which the Inhabitants of Timber lane ought to have been excused from paying any thing thereto & after they were set off from Mr Cushings Parish as much as the District had a power to do. The assessors have rated us to Mr Cushing and thereby made their own Taxes much less than last year, & taken away our money from us which we should have had to pay our own minister. That we have been thereby necessitated to make a Rate amongst Our _ selves to pay our minister but as we had no legall power to do it some refuse to pay, so that we are now in a verry deplorable Condition un- less your Excellency & Honours will Interpose on our behalfe. We therefore Humbly & Earnestly request your Excellency & Honours to compassionate our circum- stances & give Such Orders that we may be excused from paying to y» Rev* Mr. James Cushing & at the same time that he may not be cheated and defrauded of his honest due, & that we may be Impowered to raise a Tax amongst our Selves to pay our own min- ister or that you will afford us Such other Relief as to your Excellency & Honours shall think best for us. And for your Excellency & Honours your Humble petitioners as in duty bound shall ever pray &c Richard Hazzen for himself & in behalf of y° Inhabitants of Timber- lane. May 12"' 1748. HAMPSTEAD. 315 Petition of Edward Flint and others to be annexed to Hampstead. To his Excellency Benuing Wentworth Esq. Gover- nour & Commander in Chief in & over his Majesties Province of New Hampshire in New England & to the Hon"' the Councill of said Province, Humbly Shews, The petition of Edward Flynt, Samuel Stevens & others the Subscribers that your petitioners Liveing in that part of Haverhill District commonly called Timberlane have always together with the other In- habitants chearfiilly paid their Taxes & when a peti- tion was preferr* by the said Inhabitants to your Ex- cellency & Honours to be incorporated into a Town- ship, your petitioners signed y° said petition & hoped that when the Township was incorporated that not only your petitioners Houses but their estates also would have been taken within y' charter being much more for the Interests of your petitioners than to be put any where Else. _But so it is may it please your Excellency & Honours that by the Charter of Hampstead lately Granted, your petitioners Estates are so Divided that near one half lye within the Town of Hampstead & the other half is left out notwithstanding these lands have for many years past been fenc' in and improved & being so Divided & Split by the said Lines it is to the very great damage of your petitioners. We therefore earnestly request your Excellency & Honours to annex our whole lands to Hampstead according to our first petition. And for your Excellency & Honours your Hum- ble petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever pray, etc. Edw'' Flint. 1 Sam' Stevens. Nehemiah Stevens. David Stevens. Sem" Stevens. W° Stevens. Joseph Stevens. Hampstead, February 14th, 1749. The first settlement by white men in Hampstead was made prior to the year 1728 by a Mr. Ford, who is supposed to have been the pioneer. In 1728 a Mr. Emerson settled in the south part of the town. Prior to the division line between the States of Mas- sachusetts and New Hampshire this territory was embraced in Amesbury and Haverhill, Mass. It was granted Jan. 19, 1749, and named after the pleasant village of Hampstead, in England, a short distance north of London. It included within its grant a portion of Kingston, which created a long dispute between the two towns, which was finally settled by Hampstead paying one thousand pounds, old tenor. The town is well supplied with railway facilities, the Worcester and Nashua road passing the western part. The resources of the town are principally from the productions of the soil and mechanical labor. There is a flourishing high school in Hampstead, founded by the liberality of B. D. Emerson. The present physicians are J. C. Eastman and Ben- jamin Woodman. Postmasters, Hampstead, Thomas Foote; West Hampstead, J. D*. Ordway ; East Hamp- stead, H. S. Martin. The Congregational Church' was organized June 3, 1752, with sixty-eight members. The first pastor was Rev. Henry True, who served (till the day of his death) thirty years. The church was then without a pastor ten years. The second pastor was Eev. John Kelly, who served forty-four years ; third pastor, Eev. J. M. C. Barkley, served twenty years; fourth pastor. Rev. Theodore C. Pratt, served ten years; fifth pastor. Rev. Ebenezer W. Bullard, served five years ; sixth and present pastor, Eev. Albert Watson, was installed March 23, 1876. The church first worshiped in an edifice built by the town over one hundred years ago. In 1837 the society built a new church and dissolved partnership with the State. The old church was then remodeled and made available for town purposes, and ever since has been used as a town hall, and with a little repair- ing seems good for fifty or one hundred years more. The church built in 1837 was found to be in an unsafe condition after being used a little over twenty years. In the year 1860 it was taken down, and the follow- ing year the present commodious edifice was built upon the same site. The church is in a prosperous condition, and has a membership of one hundred and fifty-six. Military Record, 1861-65,— The following is a list of soldiers, residents of the town, who served dur- ing the late Rebellion, and was contributed to this work by Mr. Aaron H. Davis : scharles E. Frost. Henry A. Noyes. Jo)in H. Piugree. ^Charles M. Newbegin. 2Daniel L. Sawyer, ^George W. Keeser. Charles W. Clowe. Simeon S. Clayton. "William H. Clayton. William B. Oowel. George Clayton. Simeon D. Hinds. David B. Hi[ids. Samuel Morse. Thomas W. Morse. E. Jones Ciillins. Marquis J. Brewster. ^Leander Harris. James T. Hall. Horace Barney. Nathaniel H. Bushbey. John Wast. George W. Conner. George 11. Dow. Thomas O'Connel. John L. Woodsum. Josiah C. Eastman, M.D. Blbridge G. Wood. Aaron H. Davis. John C. Kimball. Caleb J. Hoyt. Thomaa D. Barter. Charles H. Shannon. James Johnson. George Allen. Allen B. Martin. Horace R. Sawyer. Charles H. Grover. Frank S. Eaalman. George W. Bickford. Nathaniel Corson. Samuel Johnson. Frank H. I^ittle. George H. McDnffee. *Henry 0. Little. Albert C. Brickett. Linus n. Little. Henry B. Thorne. Thomas M. Arnold. William Barrett. 20. D. Nichols. Hazen L. Hoyt. "William H. Davis., Nathaniel Frost. David L. N. Hoyt. ^William L. S. Tabor. 1 Contributed by Re"v. Albert "Watson. 2 Served in more than one regiment. 316 HI8T0KY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIKE. Leonard Hutchings. Joseph J. Calef. Benjamin G. Currier. Warren A. Kimball. William H. Johnson. Lucian M. Nichols. Avender Carson. William H. Minot. Adin T. Little. The town also hired thirty-eight substitutes. Albert H. Ayer. Charles E. Atwood. Lewis Legacy. Daniel J. Wilson. Charles W. Williams. John F. Johnson. Charles Stevens. Fred. P. Shannon. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. DR. J. C. EASTMAN. J. C. Eastman, M.D., son of Dr. Joseph and Miriam (Calef) Eastman, was born in Loudon, N. H., April 22, 1811. His grandfather, Timothy Eastman, was a farmer in East Kingston, born, however, in Raymond, and was descended from an old English family of high repute. He married Abigail, daughter of Col. Gale, of East Kingston. The mother of Dr. Eastman was a daughter of Joseph and Miriam (Bartlett) Calef, and granddaughter of Hon. Josiah Bartlett, a signer of 1ihe Declaration of Independence, and President and Governor of New Hampshire for three years, who brought her up from fifteen months of age as his own child (her mother dying at that time). The doctor unites, therefore, in his veins the blood of two of the most distinguished families of the United States. ( For full history of Bartlett family, see Judge Bartlett's genealogy of the same.) Joseph Eastman was a graduate of Dartmouth ; was born in East Kingston, and died in Meredith, N. H., at the early age of thirty-three years, having already acquired celebrity in his profession. Two of his chil- dren are now living, — Dr. J. C. Eastman and Susan (Mrs. Lorenzo Bachelder), of Derry. Another child, Joseph, became a physician, spent some years in Cali- fornia, and retiring to New Hampshire died in Hamp- stead. Dr. J. C. Eastman was educated at Kingston, At- kinson, and Saco (Me.) Academies, taught district school eight years, and was graduated from Dart- mouth with honors in 1837. For a short time he practiced as a physician at Newmarket, and about 1839 located at Hampstead, N. H., where he has ever since been, except during his military life, in active practice. He has beeaa member of New Hampshire State Medical Society over forty years, and its presi- dent in 1860, at which time the photograph from which the accompanying engraving was made was taken. He is a member of Kookingham Medical Society, and was twice its president. He is also an honored member of the American Medical Association, attending its meetings at Washington, Baltimore, New York, and other leading cities, and frequently as delegate from New Hampshire. During the Centennial Exposition (1876) there was an International Medical Congress held at Philadel- phia. It consisted of seven hundred different mem- bers, representing sixteen nationalities, and each State of the United States had therein the same represen- tation as in the House of Representatives. Dr. East- man was one of the three who had the honor to rep- resent the State of New Hampshire. His favorite branches of practice are surgery (both major and minor operations) and obstetrics. He has witnessed the births of over forty-five hundred children who have lived and of which he has kept a record. Aug. 20, 1861, he was appointed by Governor Berry surgeon of the Fourth Regiment New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, with rank as major. He accom- panied the regiment to Washington, Annapolis, Port Royal, Hilton Head, St. Augustine, and Jacksonville, and did active and laborious service for two years, when on account of illness in his family he resigned his commission and returned to Hampstead. Shortly afterwards he was offered the colonelcy of a new regiment, which position he declined, although a military career would have been not only in accord with his tastes, but also one in which he would doubt- less have made a brilliant record. As evidences of this we would say that when a mere lad he was chosen by the sagacious Hon. Levi Woodbury as a cadet at West Point Military Academy, but though longing to go, through the pleadings of a widowed mother he refused the appointment so congenial to his nature. We would also mention that in old militia times he was promoted through every grade from private to colonel. In politics he has been ever unswervingly a Democrat. His ancestors have held in every generation high official positions in the dif- ferent political parties. He also has been highly honored with political trusts. In 1845 was county treasurer. Renominated in 1847, he declined the nomination (equivalent to an election). He repre- sented Hampstead in the Legislature in 1848, 1849, and 1850 (five sessions). Served his district as State senator in 1853-54; elected by twenty-three votes over the joint Whig and Free-Soil vote united on Thomas J. Melvin ; was renominated and elected as senator in 1854 over Melvin (Whig) and Hoyt (Free- Soiler) by thirty-eight majority. (In 1855, Melvin was placed in candidacy by the Know-Nothings against Hon. N. Colby, Democrat, and elected by nearly one thousand majority.) While, he was in the Senate the Know-Nothings, concluding to nominate a Democrat for Governor, sent a committee to Dr. Eastman urging him to join their party and accept the nomination, and they would make him Governor. This proffered bribe he indignantly refused. They nominated Ralph Met- calf, and elected him by several thousand majority. This illustrates the strength of political principle possessed by Dr. Eastman. Had the Democratic party since that time been the majority party in this State, it is highly probable that ere this he would have filled the gubernatorial chair. ,CC^'. ^nji-bj ASsacn^' HAMPTON. 317 He has been for years one of the standard-bearers of the Democratic party, and its candidate for counselor at two elections. He was a delegate to the National Convention which nominated Gen. McClellan for the Presidency, and also to the convention that nominated for President that distinguished and honored states- man ex-Governor Horatio Seymour, of New York. He married (first) Ann A., daughter of Capt. Leon- ard Wilson (a pensioner of 1812) and Elizabeth Gregg, his wife. She was daughter of Nathaniel Warner, Esq., of Derry. Their children are Mary Bartlett (Mrs. Lavosier Hill, of New York City) and Ella. Second, Mary Helen, daughter of Dr. Jerome Harris and Mary Tewksbury, his wife, of Amesbury, Mass.. Their children are Josiah Bartlett and Susie A. The doctor has held various official positions, which the limits of this sketch forbid our mentioning. We must not forget, however, to say that he was largely interested in the building of the Rochester and Nashua Railroad, and one of its directors from or- ganization. President Kinnicutt once remarked that in all probability the road would never have been built without the influence and direct help of Dr. Eastman, Col. Waters, and one or two others, and that its present route through Hampstead was dic- tated entirely by the doctor. Social and genial in his manners, the doctor fills the highest positions grace- fully and well, and has a large circle of friends. His medical services are highly appreciated by his people, their only complaint being that the multiplicity of his public calls and official duties interfered too much "with his attendance on them. He has one of the most attractive homes in the county in which to spend the closing years of a busy life, and with a cheerful philosophy and with malice to none he is passing on to the "twilight." ISAAC TEWKSBURY. Isaac Tewksbury, the oldest medical practitioner in Lawrence, Mass., and one of the venerables of the faculty in Essex County, was born in West Newbury, Mass., Jan. 13, 1795. Availing himself of the educa- tional advantages of his time, he became early quali- fied for a teacher, and a portion of his early life was spent in that employment, teaching schools in West Newbury, East Haverhill, and in that neighborhood. One of his pupils who has since become distinguished was John G. Whittier, then a lad of eight years. This youth then began to attract attention, and on a cer- tain occasion his teacher, Mr. Tewksbury, remarked of him that "if he lived to be thirty years of age he would occupy a prominent position in the literary world." This remark was based upon his knowledge of anatomy and physiology, phrenology not then having .become recognized as a suggestive science. Still aiming in the direction of the medical profession. Dr. Tewksbury attended anatomical lectures in Glou- cester, Maine, and other places in connection with his study of medical works. In 1817 he commenced the practice of his profession in Hampstead, N. H., where heremained for thirty years. OnMay2, 1824, adiploma was conferred upon him by the faculty of Dartmouth College, signed by Reuben D. Muzzey, president; Josiah Crosby, Thomas Ohadbourne, censors; Peter Bartlett, secretary. In the same year he joined the New Hampshire Medical Society, and for several years held the offices of councilor and censor. In the second year of his practice he entirely discarded the use of mercury, and entered his protest against it as a deleterious medicine, in consequence of which he encountered fierce opposition from prominent and popular physicians, but he firmly faced their hostility and established a high reputation as a medical prac- titioner. In 1847 he removed to Lawrence, Mass., where he still resides, and, in the eighty-seventh year of his age, is now actively in practice, retaining all his faculties of body and mind to a remarkable de- gree; and at this advanced age illustrates the advan- tage of a temperate and well-ordered life by the ex- hibition of a "sound mind in a sound body." The early companion of his days has long since passed to her repose, and whose place is now filled by another, to share the joys and sorrows which attend his days' de- cline. A somewhat numerous family of children are living, some of whom are residents of New England, and others are in distant portions of the country. In his religious opinions he is evangelical, and in religious and political opinions conservative. CHAPTER XLV. HAMPTON.i Geographical— Topographical— The First Settlement— The "Bound HouBe" — Names of Early Settlers— IncideDts. Hampton is located on the coast, and is bounded as follows : on the north by North Hampton, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the south and west by Hampton Falls. The surface is level and the soil fertile. The settlement of this ancient town dates back to 1638, when the Rev. Stephen Batchelor^ and a com- pany of adventurous pioneers located upon its fertile lands. Johnson, in his " Wonder-Working Providence,"' which was the first history of New England ever pub- lished, in referring to the settlement here, says: "Much about this time (1638) began the town of Hampton, in the county of Norfolk, to have the 1 The history of Hampton is compiled chiefly from unpublished man- uscripts of the late E. W. Toppan, now in the possession of Mrs. Col. Sanborn. Mr. Toppan was deeply interested in the history of his native town, and his manuscript is an invaluable addition to the historic liter- ature of the State. 2 Sometimes spelled Bachiler. 3 A very rare work. 318 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. foundation-stone laid, situate near the sea coast not far from the famous River of Merrimack, the great store of salt marsh did intice the people to set down their habitation there, for as yet Cowes and Cattell of their kinde were not come to the great downfall in their price, of which they have about 450 head; and for the form of the Town it is like a Flower de luce, two streets of houses wheeling off from the main body thereof; the land is fertile, but filled with swamps and some store of rocks, the people are about 60 Families, being gathered together in Church covenant, they called to office the reverend, grave, and gracious Mr. Doulton, having also for some little space of time the more ancient Mr. Batchelder to preach unto them also; here take a short remem- brance for the other : " Doulton doth tea^h perspicuously and sound, With wholesome truths of Christ thy flock doth feed. Thy honor with thy lal)or doth abound. Age crownes thy head, in righteousness proceed To battle downe, root up, and quite destroy All Heresies and Errors that drew back Unto perdition, and Christ's flocks annoy ; To warre for him those weapons dost not lack. Long days to see that long'd for day to come Of Babel's fall and Israel's quiet peace; Thou yet maist live of days so great a sum, To see this work let not thy warrfare cease." This was the " one and twentieth town" settled within the bounds of the ancient county of Norfolk. In 1636 Massachusetts, with a view of securing the valuable meadows in this vicinity, empowered Mr. Drummond and John Spencer, of Newbury, to build a " bound house" here at the expense of the colony. It was built in 1638, the architect being Nicholas Easton, who subsequently removed to Rhode Island and erected the first English house in Newport. This "bound house" was the first structure erected by whites within the bounds of the ancient town. The following is a list of the first settlers who ac- companied Mr. Batchelor : John Browne, Christopher Hussey, Edmund Johnson, Robert Pucke, Thomas Jones, Robert Saunderson, James Davis, Richard Swaine,Samuel Greenfield, Abraham Perkins, Francis Peabody, Philemon Dalton, John Huggins, Jeoffrey Mingay, Thomas and John Moulton, William Palmer, Thomas Marston, William Eastowe, Lieut. William Hay ward, Isaac.Perkins, William Wakefield, William Fifield, Moses Cox, Thomas King, Anthony Taylor, Thomas Ward, Silas Fuller, William Saunders, Daniel Hendrick, John Wedgewood, Thomas Chase, William Fuller, Robert Carwell, John Cross, William Sargent, and Arthur Clark. The following were here the second summer of the settlement : Robert Page, Joseph Austin, John Phil- brick, Walter Roper, William Marston, Joseph Smith, William English, Henry Ambrose, and William Parker. The following additional settlers are found in 1643 : James Davis, Jr., William Marston, Jr., William and Stephen Sanborn, A. Chase, Edward Tucke, Francis Swaine, Thomas Linnet, John Sanborn, William Huntington, and Richard Knight. The town of Hampton was incorporated May 22, 1639, by a " court holden at Boston." It had pre- viously been called Winnacunnet, but the court or- dered that it " shall be called Hampton." Early Settlers. — Henry Ambrose was granted lands in 1640. He assisted in building the first pound in the town. It stood on the meeting-house green. Francis Austin was one of the earliest proprietors of Hampton. He was here in 1741. He had two children, Isabella and Jemima. Isabella married Philip Towle, and was charged with being a witch. George Aborne was here prior to 1650. The name was sometimes spelled Eborne, or Ebourne. Rev. Stephen Bachiler. (See sketch elsewhere.) Jasper Blake was here in 1650, when he and his wife had seats assigned to them in the meeting-house. He died in 1673, leaving a widow, Deborah. She died in 1678, and among the articles of her estate which were appraised were " a pike well headed, 5 shillings ; a sword, 5a. ; and a gun barrel, 5s." Nathaniel Boulter was here in 1644. It is related of him that " he was a quarrelsome, litigous fellow, always in the law, and very unpopular.'' What doubtless rendered him peculiarly odious to the in- habitants of Hampton was the fact of his taking an active part against them in the celebrated suits of Mason, which involved the title to the lands in New Hampshire. He died in 1698. John Brown was one of the first company who settled here. He was here in 1640. He built the first "barque" was built in Hampton in 1641-42, at the river near Perkins Mill. He was a prominent man, became one of the largest land-owners in the town, was one of the selectmen in 1651 and'l656, and in 1663 was chosen " to see that the boys do not play in the gallery." He died in 1686. John Cass came to Hampton, and married Martha, the daughter of Thomas Philbrick, before 1650. He died " suddenly in his bed," April 7, 1675. His estate, as appraised by Edward Gove and Joseph Dow, was valued at £940 lis. His property was of more value than that of any person who died in Hampton prior to 1680. The Hon. Lewis Cass was a direct descendant of the above. Aquila Cha.se was here in 1640. He was born in 1618, and died in 1670. He was the ancestor of Hon. Dudley Chase, Bishop Chase, and of the Chase fami- lies of Portsmouth and New Castle. Thomas Chase was one of the first settlers who came here the first summer. He died in 1652. John Clifford and wife came to Hampton prior to 1650. He was a selectman in 1660, and a signer to Weare's petition to the king in 1683. He had three wives, and died in 1694. Edward Colcord settled here prior to 1645. A son Edward, was killed by the Indians in that part of North Hampton known as Pagetown. " Quid Edward HAMPTON. 319 Colcord died in 1681." His wife and family having been abused by him, and fearful of their personal safety, had him confined in jail. He gave bonds to keep the peace, and was discharged. He and his wife Ann having complained of each other for fighting, were both bound over to keep the peace, April 22, 1686. William Cole was one of the witnesses to Wheel- right's. Indian deed, and was in Exeter in 1638. He came to Hampton soon after. He died in 1662, aged about eighty years. He was the husband of Eunice Cole, the reputed witch. ^ Thomas Coleman was here prior to 16-50. Moses Cox was one of the earliest settlers. In 1657 he lost his wife and only son, John, by drowning. This event is thus related in the town records : " 20, 8, 1657. The sad Hand of God upon Eight persons going in a vessell by Sea from Hampton to boston who were all .swallowed up in the osian soue after they were out of the Harbor, the persons wear by name as followeth. Robert Nead, surgent, Willim Swaine, Manewell Hilyard, John Philbrick, and Ann Philbrick his wife and Sarah Philbrick the daughter, Alise the wife of Moses Corks, three sons, who were all Drowned this 20th of the 8 mo 1657." This was the most distressing event which occurred during the early settlement of the town. John Cross was one of Bachiler's friends, who came here in the first company. Philemon Dalton was one of the fifteen persons to whom Hampton was granted. He came here with his brother Timothy in 1638. Rev. Timothy Dalton, a brother of the above, came here with Bachiler in 1638, Bachiler being the pastor, and Dalton the teacher, of the church. James Davis, Sr., came in 1640, and "lived on the landing road." James Davis, Jr., was also a pioneer. Godfrey Dearborn came here from Exeter between the years 1645 and 1650. Maj.-Gen. Henry Dearborn was a descendant. He was a prominent man in the town, and was selectman, representative, etc. William Fuller came in 1640. Liberty was given him "to come and sitt downe here as a Planter and Smith in case he bring a certificate of approbation from y'' mag' or Elders." He was selectman and rep- resentative. He was one of the signers to Weare's petition. By his will he gave to the church at Hamp- ton " my Porter Flagon." John Garland came to Hampton before 1653. He died in 1671. Samuel Getchell came from Exeter here prior to 1645. Deacon William Godfrey was admitted a freeman in 1640. Henry Green, Esq., came to Hampton before 1645, and was one of the most prominent men for many 1 See chapter xlvi. years. He was one of the assistant judges who tried the Rev. Mr. Moodey. He died in 1700. Daniel Hendrick was one of the young men who came here the first summer. Barnabas Horton was also one of the pioneers. E. Hilliard was here before 1660. Maurice Hobbs, one of the pioneers, left England in consequence of disappointed love. The course of true love failing to run smooth, he sailed for the Western world, and became an inhabitant of Hamp- ton soon after 1640. He married Sarah, daughter of William Easton. Lieut. William Howard was one of the earliest settlers, and one of the most prominent men during his residence in the town. He came in 1640. He was the first commander of the militia of Hampton, and was one of the leading business men, being chosen to nearly all the offices, both in church and town. John Huggens came the first summer. Christopher Hussey was a son-in-law of Rev. Mr. Bachiler, and came here with him. He was a promi- nent and influential citizen, and held various offices. Edmund Johnson was one of the first company of settlers. In 1648 he is chosen to ring the bell, keep the meeting-house clean, and keep out the dogs for a year. His son Thomas was the first white child born in Hampton. Thomas Jones was one of the first prospectors. He was not here after 1641. John Legatt was an inhabitant in 1640. He was a schoolmaster.^ Thomas Marston was among the married men who came to Hampton the first summer of its settlement. He was a surveyor. William Marston was also an early settler. He remained here until about 1651, when he removed to North Hampton. Joseph Merry came to Hampton prior to 1653, and was a carpenter. Jeffrey Mingay was among the first company of settlers. He is said to have been a very active and useful man, both in church and town aflTairs. Robert Page came- to Hampton in the second summer of its settlement. He was selectman, repre- sentative, and deacon. " He was one of the most enterprising and useful men of his day, so far as his want of knowledge sufficient to write his name would permit." Abraham Perkins was among the first settlers. He is described as being superior in point of education to the most of his contemporaries, writing a beautiful hand, and was often employed as an appraiser of estates, etc. He died in 1683. Isaac Perkins was one of the first settlers. The Perkinses of Seabrooke are his descendants. James Philbrick was here prior to 1650. He was 2 See chapter on schools. 320 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. a mariner, and was drowned in Hampton River in 1674. John Pliilbrick came during the second summer of the settlement. He was the first of the name in Hampton. Thomas Philbrick came here in 1650 or 1651, and is supposed to be the ancestor of the Philbricks in Hampton, Rye, Seabrooke, etc. " Robert Read, of Boston, 'is admitted as an in- habitant into the towne to follow his trade of shoo- making." (Town records, 1657.) He was drowned in 1657. John Redman was an early settler. In 1684 he was chosen to keep the boys from playing in the gal- lery. He was an aid to Mason and Cranfield in, their controversy with the people. Edward Rishworth came here in about 1650. He was a son-in-law of Wheelright, and a leading man while here. He removed to Kittery in 1652. Henry Roby came to Hampton in 1653. He was a leading spirit, and was one of the justices of the Court of Sessions before whom Mr. Moodey had his trial in 1684. He was selectman in 1656, 1660, 1665, and 1681. He died in 1688. His descendants reside in this vicinity and in Maine. It is believed that Col. Frederick Robie, the present Governor of Maine, is a descendant. Lieut. -John Sanborn, with his brothers Stephen and William, came to Hampton in 1640. His mother was a daughter of the Rev. Stephen Bachiler. Lieut. Sanborn was an active, influential citizen, and was chosen to various positions of trust and responsibility. He was one of the most strenuous opponents of the Masonian claim and of Cranfleld's administration. He was a signer to Weare's petition to the king in 1683. In October, 1683, Robert Mason, Sherlock, the marshal, and James Leach came to Sanborn's house in order to give Mason house possession, when San- born not opening the door. Leach by the marshal's order broke it open, and gave Mason possession. Mr. Sherlock took Sanborn prisoner, when Mason openly told the people " that is what you shall all come to.'' In 1683, Cranfield brought an action against San- born for saying, " I question whether ever the King knew of his, the said Edward Cranfield's, commission or patent.'' His four sons — Richard, Josiah, John, and Joseph — were signers to Weare's petition. Stephen Sanborn was a brother of John and Wil- liam, and came to Hampton with them. William Sanborn, brother of the above named, was also an active citizen. Robert Shaw came to Hampton between 1646 and 1649. He was a representative in 1651-53. Among other early settlers were Thomas Sleeper, Robert Smith, Anthony Stanyon, Richard Swain, William Swain, Anthony Taylor, Philip Towle, Jonathan Thing, JSdward Tucke, Robert Tucke, Francis Wainwright, William Wakefield, James Wall, John Woddine, John Ward, Thomas Ward, Thomas Webster, John Wedgewood, Benj. Wyatt, E. Wardhall, Thos. Smith, Joseph Smith, C. Ucto- vaha, Nathaniel Bacheler, John Berry, Israel Blake, John, Philemon, and Timothy Blake, John and Na- thaniel Boulter, Jr.,' Benjamin, Jacob, and Thomas Brown, Joseph and Samuel Cass, Abraham, Thomas, Joseph, and James Chase, Dual and Abraham Clem- ents, Israel, John, and John Clifford (2d), Edward Colcord (2d), Samuel Colcord, Abraham Cole, Rev. Sanborn Cotton, Benjamin and John Cram, Sam- uel and Timothy Dalton (2d), Henry, Job and Thomas Dearborn, Henry Deering, Alex Denmon, Henry, Daniel, and Joseph Dow, Abraham and Na- thaniel Drake, Thomas Downs, Gershom and Eliezer Elkins, Benjamin Fifield, James, Samuel, and Seth Fogg, John and William Fuller, Jacob, John, and Peter Garland, Isaac and John Godfrey, Edward Gore, John Gore, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob Green, Benja- min Hilliard, Timothy Hilliard, James, John, Mau- rice, and Nehemiah Hobbs, John, Joseph, and Ste- phen Hussey, John Hankitt, Francis Jenness, James Johnson, Peter Johnson, Thomas Kimball, John and Simeon Knowles, Henry Lampray, William Lane, Aratus, Thomas, Hezeki, and John Leavitt, An- thony Libbey, John Locke, Ephraim, Isaac, James, Caleb, William, and John Marston, Henry, John, Benjamin, Joseph, and Robert Moulton, N. Norris, Samuel Nudd, Christopher and Edward Palmer, Francis and Thomas Page, Thomas Parker, Abra- ham, Caleb, Humphrey, James, Jonathan, Ebenezer, Jacob, and Joseph' Perkins, James, John, and Thomas Philbrick, James Prescott, John Redmond (2d),Icha- bod, Samuel, Thomas, and John Robey, Benjamin, John, Jonathan, Nathaniel, Richard, John, Josiah, Mephibeshith, William, and Stephen Sanborji, Benja- min and Joseph Shaw, Samuel Sherburne, Aaron Sleeper, John and John and Joseph Smith, John Souter, John Stangam, Hezekiah and William Swain, Benjamin Swett (he was a celebrated Indian warrior), John Swett, Moses Swett, Joseph Swett, John Taylor, Abraham, Samuel, and Daniel Tilton, Benjamin, Caleb, Caleb (2d), and Joseph Towle, John Puck, Nathaniel Weare, Peter Weare, Thomas Ward, Ebe- nezer, Isaac, John, and Thomas Webster, David and Jonathan Wedgeward, Rev. John Wheelwright, An- thony and Capt. Anthony Brackett, Jacob Basford, Samuel Fellows, Abraham Drake, Thomas Cram, Benjamin Lamprey, Christopher Pottell, Jr., Benja- min Dole, William Healey, Samuel Healey, Thomas Crosby, Moses Downer, Thomas Cilley, John Morgan, Philemon Dalton, Capt. E. Marston, Joseph Emmons, Joseph Chase, Moses Swett, Henry Ambrose, John Burratt, Robert Caswell, Arthur Clark, Thomas Cros- well, William Huntington, Thomas King, Richard Knight, John Knowles, Thomas Leavitt, Thomas Leader, Daniel Moore, Robert Marston, Henry Moulton, John Moulton, Thomas Moulton, William Moulton, Thomas Nudd, Widow Parker, William HAMPTON. 321 Palmer, Francis Peabody, Walter Eyser, William Sargent, John Saunders, Robert Saunderson, Eobert Sawyer, Henry Sayward, and Eobert Sayward. CHAPTER XLVI. UAMPTO'N.— (Continued.) DOCUMENTAET HISTORY— WITCHOEAFT. Quakers— Fine for Non-attendance at Town-Meeting— The First Mill— The Meeting-House — Wolves — Profane Swearing — Watch-House — Purity of the Ballot — "Hansoming" the Church — Fast Driving For- bidden — Forts — GarrisouB — Ringing the Bell — The Causeway — Witch- craft — " Goodie Cole" — Persecution of the Quakers. Among the first votes passed by the good people of Hampton was one imposing a fine for non-attendance at town-meeting, as follows : " Twelve pence fine imposed on all who neglect to attend the meetings of the Freemen after one-half hour of the time appointed, having had a sufficient warning. Aug. 30, 1639." In the following month William Sanborn was chosen bell-ringer. Dec. 27, 1639, it was voted that "every master of a family provide a Ladder (before the last of May next) whereby he may reach to the top of his House, or they shall forfeit 4 pence a piece." The constable ordered " to collect it or pay it himself." The First Mill.— April 6, 1640, the town ordered that " writings be drawn between the town and Richard Knight concerning his building a mill near the landing place." At the same meeting a vote was passed to build a " Meeting-House 40 feet long, 22 Feet wide, & 13 Feet high between joynts. A place to be fixed for a Bell now given by the Rev. Pastor, Mr. Batchelder." The expense of this meeting-house to be defrayed by vol- untary contributions. Ten shillings voted to be given to those who kill a wolf. In 1647 mention is made of a mill which Timothy Dal ton and William Howard undertook to build. In 1648 a grant of twenty-five acres was made to Abraham Perkins and Henry Green in consideration of their building a mill. In 1697, Philip Towle fined one shilling for profane swearing by Henry Dow, justice of the peace. In 1687, " it was ordered by vote that the selectmen shall take care to build a convenient watch-house ac- cording to law, and to sett it where the ould watch- house stood, and to provide Powder, bullets, mach- flints, or what els the Law requires for a Perm stock for the soldiers, and to make a rate for the same upon the inhabitants not exceeding £10." The constable ordered^ to keep the youth from play- ing on Sabbath days. Attention to the "purity of the ballot-box" was 21 early given. In 1700, " Ten shillings' Fine imposed on persons voting who are not qualified, and all who do not withdraw, when the vote is disputed, from among the voters, the same penalty." " Hansomingr" the Church.— Feb. 15, 1704, the town voted " that the present Selectmen take care that all the clay walls in the Meeting House that are not ceiled shall be smoothed over with clay and washed with White Lime and 'made hansom." March 1, 1714, a vote was passed imposing a fine often shillings on those who vote in a meeting of the Commons without a right. In 1726, Deborah Brown was given notice by the selectmen to remove from town, otherwise to give security ; if not, they will prosecute her " according to Law." In 1661 a penalty was imposed on any one " who shall ride or lead a Horse into the meeting house." Forts.- May 17, 1692, " It was voted that liberty is given to so many as are willing to remove the For- tification from about the Meeting House and to sett it between the Minister's House, the Prison, and the Meeting House in some convenient place, that there may be liberty for any concerned in it to build Houses in it, according to custom in other Forts." " It was voted that there shall be a House builded in said Fort, at the Town's charge, .of 14 feet wide and 16 feet long, and finished forthwith for the use of it; it shall be improved for a Scout House, or the Watch House removed and made habitable.'' Garrisons. — The following is an interesting docu- ment concerning garrisons : " Hampton, 11 Oct. 1703. "I do hereby Direct that you forthwith order a convenient Number of Garrisona for the Town of Hampton, particularly one in the body of tlie Town, Near the Church, to be of large Contents, where the women and children may repayr in Case of Danger, that your soldiers may the better defend the place, and that you command all the soldiers of your Towns to attend thereof till they be finished. Given under my hand the day and year abovf written. " J. Dudley." Ringing the Bell.— In 1650 a vote passed to have the bell rung every evening at nine o'clock through- out the year except Sunday, when it was to be rung at eight. The Causeway. — The Hampton Causeway Turn- pike Corporation, incorporated in 1808, distance one and three-quarters miles, cost $14,173.66 ; discon- tinued in 1826. Hampton Proprietary School, now called Hamp- ton Academy, was incorporated June 16, 1810. Witchcraft.— Eunice Cole, widow of William Cole, was a fruitful source of vexation to the good people of Hampton for a long series of years. Hated and despised for her ugly and malicious disposition, she was also feared by many on account of her sup- posed alliance with the devil, who had given her power to inflict whatever punishment or injury she chose upon all who had the daring in any way to offend her. But notwithstanding her reputation of 322 HISTOKY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. being a witch, it did not prevent the young people of that day from playing upon her many a trick, which the fact of her living solitary and alone afforded them a good opportunity. The story goes that Peter John- son, v/h6 was a carpenter, was a ringleader among her tormenters. At one time he was framing the second meeting-house, when attempting to hew off a chip from a stick of timber, while she was standing by waiting to pick it up for her fire, he struck blow after blow without producing any apparent impres- sion upon the stubborn wood. This caused her to laugh at him, and taunt him with his great skill as a carpenter, which so irritated him that he threw his axe directly at her. It, however, passed her, and stuck in the ground, with the handle upwards. He caught hold of the handle with the intention of tak- ing it up, but in vain. At length after repeated unavailing efforts, he requested her to give him his axe again, and told her that he was very sorry for what he had dpne. She immediately went and pulled the axe out with the greatest ease. It is also related that at one time some of the more daring of the young people looked into her windows one evening, when they saw her very busily engaged in turning a bowl with something in it, apparently in the shape of a boat. At last she turned it over, and exclaimed, " There, the devil has got the imps !" That nigiit news came that Peter Johnson, carpenter, and James Philbrick, mariner, were drowned at the same hour from a boat in the river, near the creek now known as Cole's Creek. The drowning of these men, who were much lamented, increased the fear and hatred of the old woman. On the Rockingham County records [is the follow- ing: "At a Quarter Court held at Hampton, in the Province of New Hampshire, 7 Sept. 1680, Maj. Richard Waldron Pres., Eunice Cole, of Hampton, by Authorite, committed to prisson on suspition of being a witch, & upon examination of Tescimonys the Court vehemently suspects her so to be, but not full proof is sentenced, & confined to Imprissonment, & to be kept in durance untill this Court take further ord' with a lock to be kept on her legg. In meane while the Selectmen of Hampton to take care to pro- vide for her as formerly that she may be retained. " The testimony put on file." She lived in a little hut in the rear of the academy, and upon her death the people dragged the body to a hole and covered it up with all speed, and then drove a stake through it with a horseshoe attached, to pre- vent her from again troubling the good people of Hampton. The fear of her name would alarm the most cour- ageous or subdue the worst temper from generation to generation. Persecution of the Quakers. — The persecution of the Quakers in New England during the middle and latter part of the seventeenth century is too well known to be repeated here. This honored town did not escape the fanaticism of the day, as we have re- corded evidence that "three vagabond Quakers, Anna Coleman, Mary Tompkins, and Abie Ambrose," were made fast to the " cart's tail" and whipped upon their naked backs through the town. This decree was ordered by Richard Waldron, dated " Dover, Dec. 22, 1662." It was sent to the various constables in the towns from Dover to Dedham, that those Qua- kers should be conveyed from constable to constable, receiving ten stripes in each town "till they are out of this jurisdiction." This order was only executed in Dover, Hampton, and Salisbury. In the latter town Walter Barefoot, under the pretence of deliver- ing them to the constable of Newbury, secured them ftom further cruelty by sending them out of the province. CHAP-TER XLVII. HAMPTON.— ( Contiimed.) First Vote concerning British Oppression — Tea Act Kesolves — Provincial Congress — Guard — Committee of Safety — Soldiers' Bounties — List of Revolutionary Soldiers — Soldiers of the Behellion. The first recorded action of the town of Hampton concerning the war of the Revolution was under date of Jan. 17, 1774, when a series of resolutions were passed called the "Tea Act Resolves." They stigma- tized the tea tax as " unreasonable and unconstitu- tional," and, further, that " it must be evident to every one that is not lost to virtue nor devoid of common sense that if they are submitted to will be totally destructive to our natural and constitutional rights and liberties, and have a direct tendency to reduce the Americans to a state of actual slavery," At this meeting the following committee of corre- spondence was chosen : Mr. Philip Towle, Capt. Jo- siah Moulton, Amos Coffin, Esq., Mr. William Lane, and Josiah Moulton (3d). July 18, 1774, Col. Jonathan Moulton, Col. Chris- topher Toppan, Capt. Josiah Moulton, and Mr. Josiah Moulton (3d) were chosen delegates to the Provincial Congress to be holden at Exeter on the 21st inst. to chose delegates to the Continental Congress." Aug. 7, 1775, it was " voted to set a guard of four men each night upon the Beach until the Fall of the year." July 29, 1776, four pounds was voted to each man who should enlist, in addition to the bounty given by the colony. List of Revolutionary Soldiers.— The following is a list of Revolutionary soldiers from this town : " A roll of the company who enlisted under Capt. Henry Elkins and went to the assistance of the Mas- sachusetts colony (the next day after the fight at Concord) as far as Ipswich ; the following is a list: Captain, Henry Elkins; Lieutenants, James Per- kins and John Dearborn ; Privates, Simon Sanborn, HAMPTON. Edmund Mason, Philip Marston, John Lamprey, Jr., Jabez Towle, Jonathan Marston, Jr., Daniel Phil- brick, Jr., John Sanbur, of Epping, Jonathan Moul- ton, Jr., Amos Knowles, Jr., John M. Moulton, Sam- uel Hobbs, John Do^^I, Samuel Marston, Edward Moulton, Jonathan Shaw, Carter Batchelder, John Taylor, Jr., John Sanborn, Abner Sanborn, Joshua Towle, Jr., Joseph Freese, Edmund Philbrick, Na- thaniel Foster, Jonathan Knowles, Simon Towle, Daniel Tilton, Simon Philbrick, Simon Moulton, James Hobbs, and James Tuck. Hampton, April 20, 1775. The following are the names of the soldiers who went to Portsmouth in October, 1775: Lieuts. Cotton Ward and John Dearborn ; Privates, Abner Page, Joshua Towle, Jethro Blake, Moses Brown, Jacob Palmer, Daniel Tilton, Benjamin Page, Robert Drake, Noah Lane, Small Moulton, and John Dow. List of men who went to Ticonderoga in July, 1776 : Samuel Nay, captain; John, John M., and Josiah Moulton (3), Micajah Morrill, Jr., Edmund Philbrick, Zaccheus Brown, John Drake, Jr., David Moulton, Samuel Lamprey, John Murphy, Samuel Marston, Simeon Philbrick, Jonathan Palmer, Samuel Hobbs, and James Hobbs. Lieut. Joseph Dearborn served in 1777, and his son in 1775. Sergt. Joseph Freese served in 1775. The following is a list of those who went to Sara- toga in October, 1777 : Colonel, Jonathan Moulton ; Captain, John Dearborn; Clerk, Josiah Lane; Ser- geants, John Sanborn, Moses Elkins ; Lieutenant, John Taylor; Corporals, Joshua Towle, Abner Page, and Nathan Brown; Privates, Jonathan Philbrick, Abner Sanborn, Samuel Marsten, Benjamin Page, Jacob Palmer, Noah Lane, Jabez James, Josiah Ma- son, Jonathan Godfrey, Jeremiah Ballard, Batchelor Brown, Jonathan Marston, Jabez Towle, Samuel Drake, Jacob Moulton. John M. Mnulton, Joseph Nay, James Lane, and Jethro Blake. The following enlisted in 1781 for three months, for twenty-five bushels of Indian corn per month or money equal thereto: Amos Garland, Thomas Church- hill, Zadoc Sanborn, Josiah Dearborn, Jr., Simon Doe, Jr., William Batchiler, Josiah Dearborn, and Isaac Godfrey. Samuel 3atchiler, Tristram Godfrey, and William Moulton enlisted for the term of six months. On July 10, 1780, the following enlisted for a term of three months: Batchiler Brown, John Dearborn, John Marston, Zaccheus Brown, Amos Brown, Joseph Freese Dearborn, Thomas Moore, Samuel Marston, and Simon Ward. SIGNERS OF THK ASSOCIATION TEST IN HAMPTON. Small MuuUon James Hobbs ThnniHS Le;ivitt Sam^uel Dow John Moulton John Lamprey John Moulton" Josiah Moulton John I>ow Edward Sbaw John Moulton 6 Samuel Shaw Oliver Wellington Lane Jonathan Moulton, Jr. Edward B. Moulton. Jonathan Shaw Benjamin Batchelor Jonathan Sanborn Jonathan Leavit Simon Marston Shnbel Page El isha Towle Elienezer Thayer Jon" Moulton Josiah Moulton Jr Jthn Moulton Anthony J£mery Joseph Johnson NatliHuiel Johnson John Bacheldor Johu Lane Jere^i Shaw John Johnson Jos. Moulton his Joseph X Garland mark Amos Coffin Thomas Woodman Joshua James Stephen Page Thomas Page Samuel Drake Samuel Drake, Jr Johu Drake, Jr Joshua Tenney John Jenness Jr Christo Topp'an Benjamin Page Willi" Branscombe Morris Hobbs Abner Page Jonathan Locke Nathan Moulton John Moulton The 3-r^'i^<^ HAMPTON. 329 Joseph Freese Dearborn, great-grandson of God- frey Dearborn, was born on the old Dearborn home- stead in Hampton, N. H., Oct. 6, 1710; married Sarah Sherborn, or Sherburne, March 20, 17S5. She was born July 15, 1710. He died July 3, 1752, aged forty-two. One of his children was Josiah Dearborn, born Jan. 11, 1738, and died Sept. 15, 1814, aged seventy-seven. His wife was Sarah Freese, who was born Dec. 18, 1737, and died Sept. 7, 1828, aged ninety years and nine months. Their children were John, Joseph F., Josiah, Sarah, Samuel, Anna, Samuel (2), Molley, Freese, and Anna (2). All of whom were born between 1758 and 1780 on the old homestead. Joseph Freese (2), son of Josiah Dearborn, was born June 11, 1761, and died Nov. 13, 1827. One of his children was Simon N., who married Hannah Towle, and had children, — (1) Sarah Ann, wife of David Marston, of Hampton ; (2) John ; (3) Simon ; (4) Dolly (Mrs. Emery Batchelder, of Hampton Falls) ; (5) Lavinia, who married Joseph Leavitt, of North Hampton ; (6) Abigail, wife of Adna Lane, of Hampton. Mr. Dearborn wasafarmer by occupation, and a Whig in politics. John Dearborn, eldest son of Simon N. Dearborn, and the eighth in descent from Godfrey Dearborn, was born in Hampton, N. H., on the same farm where he always resided, and which has been handed down from generation to generation, Sept. 2, 1810. He died at his residence Nov. 14, 1880. He was one of Hampton's substantial men and farmers. He always was interested in the prosperity of his native town. He took a deep interest in the educational work of Hampton, and for many years was a trustee and treas- urer of " Hampton Academy.'' Politically he was a Republican, and as such was selectman several years, and represented his town in the State Legislature two terms. Though not a member of the church, he and his wife were constant attendants upon and sup- porters of the Congregational Church of Hampton. He married Lydia, daughter of San(Jborn Batchel- der and Mary Elkins, October, 1838. She is a de- scendant of the Rev. Stephen Batchelder, first minis- ter of Hampton, and was born in Hampton, May 22, 1811. Their children are Orion M., born March 15, 1841, and Mary Anna, wife of Harry S. Clark, son of Hon. Daniel Clark, of Manchester, N. H. ' Mrs. Harry S. Clark has children, — Frank, Daniel, Harry (deceased), and Gracia Lydia. Mr. John Dearborn was a man universally esteemed, of kind disposition, good judgment, and possessed that happy faculty of making many friends. H^e was emphatically an honest man. His widow still sur- vives him and lives on the old homestead, a view of which may be seen in this work. A portion of this house was built by Godfrey Dearborn about 16^5, and now is in a good state of preservation. Too much credit cannot be given to Mrs. John Dearborn, who in every way has been a worthy partner of her hus- band. To her more than to any other one is due the credit of the present fine condition of this home. She is a lady of great energy and force of character, and naturally of a lively disposition. She, too, enjoys the esteem of her neighbors, and views the past with no apprehension of the future. A friend speaks of her as follows : " In regard to the preservation of the old Dearborn mansion much credit is due Mrs. Dearborn. At the time of her en- tering it as sole mistress she began at once to mod- ernize it. Possessed of good taste, she selected colors that would harmonize, caused wood-work to be re- moved, painted, carpeted, in fact turned old into new; in this way it, was kept free from mould and damp more or leas found in the early homes of our ancestors. To-day it is a comfortable home, and should not fire or tempest destroy it, it bids fair to last another generation. She has passed through a severe sickness which but few could survive, and is still courageous at the advanced age of seventy, and evidently earnest to perform every duty. She is the last survivor of her father's family, her only brother having died March 24, 1882. She is the only occu- pant of the old home with the exception of one male servant. Her evenings are devoted to reading and writing ; her only son being in Colorado engaged in mining, for him she has the tenderest affection which only death can sunder." JOHN H. FOGG. John H. Fogg is a lineal descendant of the seventh generation from Samuel Fogg, who settled in Hamp- ton about 1652. Where Samuel came from, or when he came to America, the writer is not able to tell, but probably from England about the time above men- tioned. His tax in 1653 was thirteen shillings one penny ; the same year he built five rods of fence around the burial-ground. He was one of the select- men in 1655 and 1663. In 1669 he had forty acres granted him in the New Plantation, situated in the east part of Hampton. In 1670 he and two others were chosen to appraise the goods which the constable took for rates by distress. He was twice married ; first,' to Anne, daughter of Roger Shaw, Dec. 10, 1652. Their children were Samuel, Joseph, John, Daniel, and Mary. Mrs. Fogg died Oct. 10, 1663, and Mr. Fogg married, for his second wife, Mary, daughter of Robat (probably Robert) Page. Of this union the following children were born, — Seth, James, and Hannah. Mr. Fogg died Feb. 16, 1672, leaving a will dated Jan. 9, 1671, witnessed by Samuel Dalton, William and Francis Fuller, appraisers, Thomas Marston, and Henry Dow. The executors to his will were William Fuller, Na- thaniel Batchelder, " loving brother Thomas Ward," and Samuel Dalton. By the terms of this will Samuel was to have two-thirds, and Daniel one-third, of the real esta'te, and were to learn trades. 330 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. James Fogg, son of' Samuel Fogg, was born April 18, 1668, and died June 18, 1760. He married Mary , Jan. 9, 1695. She died Oct. 14, 1750, aged eighty years. Their children were Mary, James, John, Sarah, Enoch, and Hannah. .Samuel Fogg, the eldest son of Samuel and Anne (Shaw) Fogg, was born Dec. 25, 1658, and married, Oct. 19, 1676, Hannah Marston, daughter ofWilliam Marston, and granddaughter of Eobert Page, who gave her five pounds in his will. Samuel Fogg was one of the signers of Weare's petition. His child,ren were Samuel, Joseph, and probably Daniel. Seth Fogg, the eldest son of Samuel Fogg by his second marriage, was born Nov. 28, 1666, and died Sept. 6, 1755. In 1704 he was one of the selectmen. His wife, Sarah , died April 10, 1756, aged eighty-eight years. Their children were Benoni, Hannah, Seth, Sarah, Esther, Samuel, Simon, Abner, Abigail, Daniel, Jeremiah, and Ebenezer. Deacon John Fogg, a great-grandson of the first Samuel, and son of John, who was a son of James, was born Oct. 11, 1702, and died May 7, 1754. He had eleven children by his wife, Elizabeth Drake, of whom John Fogg was their only son. He was born in Hampton, N. H., married Abigail Blake, and had children, — Susannah C, Abraham, Elizabeth, Betsey (died yoiing), Abigail B., Mary, and Meribah, all born on the old Fogg homestead, and all are now (1882) dead except Mary and Meribah. Mr. Fogg was a farmer, as all his ancestors had been. In politics a Democrat. He died April 8, 1831, aged sixty-two, and his wife died April 23, 1809, aged thirty-five. Abkaham Fogg, only son of John and Abigail (Blake) Fogg, was born in Hampton, N. H., Aug. 6, 1797 ; married Mary Robinson, Nov. 1, 1821. Chil- dren, — Jeremiah B,., a resident at Salisbury, Mass. ; Mary A., wife of Robert C. Thomson, of Exeter ; John H. ; Rebecca F. (Mrs. J. Warren Sanborn, of Kings- ton, N. H.) ; Susan E. (deceased) ; and Sarah J., who died at twenty-one. Mrs. Fogg was a member of the Congregational Church of Hampton. Mr. Fogg was a, Democrat, and held all the important oflSces of his town. He was universally esteemed for his kind dis- position and sympathizing heart. "None knew him but to love him." He lived respected, and died re- gretted, March 27, 1869, and his wife died May 29, 1877, aged seventy-nine years. John H. Fogg, seventh in descent from Samuel, was born on the old Fogg homestead in Hampton, N. H., July 1, 1828. He received a common-school education. He is a farmer by occupation, gaining the title by inheritance, possession, and lifelong ser- vice under it. His present beautiful farm has been in the family for seven generations. He justly regards it the best and dearest spot on earth to him, and right well has Mr. Fogg honored the name of his ancestors by word and deed. Mr. Fogg has inherited the political proclivities of his ancestors, hence is a JeflFersonian-Jackson Demo- crat. Though the town is Republican, Mr. Fogg has been selectman five years, one of which he was chair- man, besides holding various other town offices. In 1878 he was elected to the State Legislature by Demo- crats and Republicans, serving on the committee of " Bills of Second Reading." In 1880 he was the can- didate of his party for the State senatorship, and though defeated ran ahead of his ticket. In 1880 he was elected one of the trustees of Hampton Academy, New Hampshire, which position he still retains. He married Mary E., daughter of Samuel and Me- hitable (Pickering) Drake, Sept. 2, 1852. She was born in North Hampton, N. H., Jan. 9, 1832. On the 2d of September, 1877, Mr. and Mrs. Fogg celebrated their "silver wedding," and more than one hundred of their friends and neighbors gathered in to pay their compliments to those whom they hold in the very highest regard. The home was gayly illuminated by Chinese lanterns, and presented a beautiful appear- ance. The tables were laden with the choicest viands, and were nicely decorated. The Rev. Mr. J. S. Batch- elder read a poem appropriate to the occasion, and the gifts were numerous and excellent. The one most highly prized by Mr. and Mrs. Fogg is an elegant silver urn, the joint present of their neighbors. Mr. and Mrs. Fogg are members of the Congrega- tional Church of Hampton, and he is treasurer of the same. JOSIAH H. BAKKBR. Josiah H. Barker, son of Samuel Barker, was born in Hampton, N. H., April 16, 1810. His father was born in Ipswich, Mass., March 4, 1780, and died at his residence in Hampton, Feb. 27, 1873, aged nearly ninety-three years. He was a farmer and fisherman by occupation. He settled in Hampton when he was quite_ a young man ; married Dolly, daughter of Jethro Blake, a descendant of Jasper Blake, one of the early settlers of Hampton. Jasper had eleven children, the fourth of whom was John, the ancestor of all the Blakes of Hampton. Mr. and Mrs. Barker had chil- dren, — Betsey, Josiah H., Sarah (deceased), Eliza A., Samuel, Polly, Abby, aiyl James, all born in Hamp- ton, on the place now owned by Josiah H. Barker. Mrs. Barker died April 27, 1857. Mr. Barker was a Republican in politics. His son, Josiah H., received a common-school education. At eighteen he went to Boston to learn the carpenter and joiner's trade, and after serving an apprenticeship of three years with one Abel Baldwin, was immediately engaged by Jonas Fitch, of Boston, as his foreman at five dollars a day. Mr. Fitch was a large contractor and builder, and Moulton. Timothy Huchesnn Joseph Wadleigh Jolm Swain. Philemon Blake. Robert Bow. John Bachelder. Wadloy Cram. Daniel Kelley. (?) John Green, Sen. Lenamin Cram. William Evans. Jonathan Tilton, Jonathan Prescutt. Jonathan Bow. Thomas Leavit. Elisha'Preacut. Eliwher Present, Jr. Beiij. Preecut. Edward Tuck. Sam'i Blake. Nathaniell Prescutt. Joseph Draper. Richard Nason. Beniamin Sanbon. James Prescutt. Thos. Philbrick. Jeremiah Green. Jeremy Gove. Jonathan Present. Jonathan Dow. Benjft Sweet. Jn» Harvey. Benj. Hiland. John Gove, Jr. Tirao Hiland. Calub Swan. Calnb Browne. Petition of Jlamptav Falls for a Fair. To His Exceloncy Jonathan Belcher Esq. Governour and Commander in Chief in and over hisMajestys Province of New Hampshraud to the Hou*>io h,i8 Majestys Councel. The Humbie Petition of the Select men of the Parish of Hampton falls in said pruvinco Most Humbly sheweth Thai whare as in this our Parish and in the Tonus and Parishes Bound about us, and to ye East ward of our Province Thare are Raised a Bund- ance of Quick Stock which to geather with other Traffick Twill in a year we want to sell, and having experenced Sumthing of benifet of a Time and place for Marketing s'3 Stock and Traffick in our s^ Pariah, wliich Benifett not ondly onr Parish but also our Province togeather with yo eastward Tonus have shaired with us in by Beason of the Seathuation of onr Parish^ being y most conveanient to accommodate Boatli Provinces. Wo your Petitioners Therefore most Humbly pray That liis Excelency and ye Hon^e Councel order that y« second Wed- nesday and Thursdays in May and ye Third Wednesday and Thirsday in October to be days of Pair fur Publiek Traidiug m this Parish att the now most noted Publiek hous and Cuntory Boad yearly and for ever,/for the Benyfites above Expressed As in duty bound will ever pray. Joseph Tilton "1 Selectmen Jonathan Prescutt of ye Jo-EPH Worth parish ISRAKL Blak of Benjamin Green J Hampton-Falls. Hampton Falls Oct. IH^^ 1734. Grant of a Fair to Bampton Falls, 1734. George the 2* by tlie Grace of God of Great Britain, [Prov. Seal] France and Ireland King Defend' of ye faith &'^ To all to whom these presents shall come, Greeting-rKiiow yee that we of our Especial Grace certain knowledge and meer motion for the due encouragement of Trade and Traffic within our Parish of Hamp- ton Falls in our province of N(_-w Hampf in New England and for the more effectual carrying on of the sami- there— Have Given and Granted and do by. these presents give and grant to the Inlial.iit;ints of our Said Parish & theii- suceeseoi's the privilege of baviiij^ holding di keeping two yearly Fairs in the s^ parrish forever, each to continue 2 day together & no more, The om; To begin on the last Tuesday in April, and the other on y last Tuesday in October, Annually, To have and to hold the said Privilege of keeping Two yearly Fairs as abov-e-said for tlie Ends and purposes above expressed to the said Inhabitants and their successors forever In Testimony whereof we have caused our Province seal to be hereunto affixed. Witness, Jonathan Belcher Esq. Our Gov' & Com"" In Chief in and over our s^ Province the twenty fourth day of October in ye S^^ y^ of our reign, Anno'q Dom. 1734. J. Belcher. By His Ex^J Cuinand w^^ the advice of y« Coun, R. Waldron, Secy. Petition for a Presbyterian Society. To His Excellency Benuing Wentworth Esq. Captain General Governor and Commander in Cheif in and over his majesties Province of New Hampshire &c— To the Honorable his Majesties Council and House of Bepresenta'tives for said Province Convened in General Assembly— November 2l8t, 1765. The petition of the subscribers, Free holders & Inhabitants of the Town of Hampfon Falls in said Province— Humbly Sheweth. That about Two years ago The Rev 1765 Read & concurrd. T. Atkinson Jr. Secry. Province of | j^ ^^^ House of Bepresentatives July 2^ 1766. New Hampr) The foregoing Petition being taken under Consideration and the Parties heard tliereon : Voted, That the Petitioners have liberty to Bring in a Bill for them and their Estate to be set off from the Parish of Hampton falls to act in' all Bespects as a distinct Society or Parish by themselves Except paying their Proportion of the Province tax until a new Proportion thereof. The line of said New Parish to be fixed by a committee of the General Court with liberty for such of the Petitioners as shall not fall within said new Parish to Poll of with their Estates and Belong thereto and for any who. shall fall within said new Parish who are not of the Presbiterian Perswasion to Poll off with their Estates and belong to 'the old Parish, and for any who arb not of the Presbyterian Perswa- sion who have or shall have Lands within said New Parish to Poll off said lands to belong to the old Parish agreeable to the Purport of a Tote of the Parish of Hampton falls the Second day of Sep^ 1765. M. Weare, Clr. Province of \ j^^he House of BepresenUtives July 9"^ 1766. New Hamps'J Upon a motion of the Petitioners for some alteration in the foregoing vote Voted, That it be understood that any non Besidents who have or shall have Lands in either Parish shall have liberty to Poll off their said Land to that Parish which they shall choose. M. Weare, Clr. In Council Eod™ Die Bead & Concux-r'd. T Atkinson Jr. Secry. Council of 1737.— Aug. 10, 1737, the assemblies of the provinces of Massachusetts and New Hampshire met at Hampton Falls, for the purpose of establishing the boundary line between the two provinces. A cavalcade was formed from Boston to Salisbury, and Governor Belcher rode in state, attended by a troop of horse. He was met at Newbury Ferry by another troop which was joined by three more at the supposed boundary line, and conducted to the George tavern in Hampton Falls. Here he held a council and made a speech to the Assembly of New Hampshire. The novelty of a procession of the executive and legisla- tive bodies for such a distance occasioned the follow- ing pasquinade in an assumed Hibernian style: " Dear Paddy you ne'er did behold such a sight, As yestei'day morniug was seen before night ; Tou in all your born days saw, nor I didn't neitherj So many fine hoi-ses and men ride together. At the head the lower house trotted two in a row. Then all the higher house pranced after the low : Then the Governor's coach gallop'd on like the wind, And the last that came foremost were troopers behjn But I fear it means no good to your neck or mine, Tor they say 'tis to fix a right place for the line." CHAPTER L. HAMP.TON FALLS.— {Cm, I inned.) STREAMS AND MILLS.l The Streams and Mills of Hampton Falls.— It would be difficult for many of the residents of New Hampshire to-day to fully realize the situation of 1 By George D. Dodge. HAMPTON FALLS. 335 some of the early settlers of this State, who were compelled to travel forty miles through the woods to find a grist-mill. Concerning the state of things in 1633, one historian writes, " No mill was erected for grinding corn, for the colonists had none of their own to grind. They depended on supjilies from England, except some corn and wheat brought from Virginia, to'be ground in the windmill at Boston." The first mention we find in the history of this State of any mill is that of a saw-mill in 1635, at the falls of Newichwanuock, the Indian name for Berwick, Me. Looking back an hundred years, we judge that at that time, considering the size of Hampton Falls, she was excelled by no town in our State in the line of mills and manufactures. Falls River, the principal stream in this town, flows from Muddy Pond, in Kensington, towards the sea, and empties into Hampton River, at Falls River's mouth, so called, half a mile below the depot. Here was situated the old ship-yard, reached by a cause- way over the marsh from the town-landing at the depot. After leaving Kensington this stream flows for about a mile just within the town-line, between Hampton Falls and Seabrook, and then makes a short divergence into Seabrook. Near the point of divergence are situated Weare's Mills, first mentioned in the records of Hampton Falls in 1724. A stone dam aifords a fall of about eight feet, which is now applied to an encased wooden tub- wheel, of the kind which links the iron turbine of to-day with the primitive water-wasters of fifty years ago. An upright saw above, with a run of granite stones in the basement, constitute the mills. This mill was rebuilt in 1857 ; but concerning its predecessors we learn from tradition the lines repeated at the raising of its frame, according to the custom of that time. They have been handed down from Christopher T. Chase, who was present, to his daughter Sally, who died in 1871, at the, age of eighty-five years, to her nephew, John Lewis Chase. " Here's a fine frame, It's well put together ; Mr. Spofford's a gdod workman, Hubbard Weare is clever." Hubbard Weare was a relative of Governor Me- sheck Weare and a brother of Uncle John Weare, the ancient miller, who died in 1877, at the age of eighty- seven years. His son, Benjamin F. Weare, succeeds him in the business. To the credit of that neighbor- hood, it is said that this mill has never been locked, and no grist has ever been missing. Following this stream in its downward course to the sea for about two miles, during which it crosses the highway just below the mills and again at Bennett's Bridge, we come to three stone dams, built about one hundred years ago by J. Nathaniel Hubbard Dodge, who came to this place from Windham, Mass., about the year 1765, and purchased these mill-privileges from the noted Gen. Moulton, of Hampton. This Nathaniel Hubbard was a descendant of Richard Dodge, who landed in Salem in 1629. He had nine sous, some of whom were among the first settlers of Ohio in 1788 ; was a member of the first Constitutional Convention of New Hampshire, and died in 1830, at the age of ninety -two.' Some little improvement of these privileges had already been made, but Mr. Dodge was a natural mechanic and a man of great energy, and with his coming great improvements were made and a thriving business established in several different lines of manufacture. The dams were built of natural faced stones of large size, some of them being brought from Kensington. The upper one was built to make a reservoir, but a bark mill was at one time in operation there. On one side of the middle dam was built the old saw-mill, which was torn down in 1876. On the other side a mill for wool carding, and the fulling, dyeing, and dressing of home-woven cloth. Perhaps for the bene- fit of the young people of to-day it should be stated that the wool was first brought to be carded into rolls, then taken home to be spun and woven, and the cloth brought back to be fulled, dyed, and dressed ready for the tailor, who journeyed from house to house to make it into garments to be worn for many years. The name of one Fogg has been handed down as the journey-man tailor in the vicinity of these mills, and the expression " A Fogg's run'' came to be proverbial, as implying haste rather than thoroughness of exe- cution. At the lower dam was the grist-mill, which Squire John Philbrick, now in his nineties, says was an old building so long ago as he can remember, " Old Dodge," as he came to be called, had a genius for stone-work ; was the first man in this vicinity who split stones with wedges, and in the cellar-wall of the grist-mill may be seen a specimen of his work, which can hardly be excelled at the present day. The grist- mill contained one run of large granite stones, which were driven by a breast-wheel in Hubbard's time. It is said that this mill, like the mill of the gods, ground very slow, but neither the old gentleman's boys nor the water which passed his mill were allowed to run idle so long as there was any work to be done. This mill passed from Nathaniel Hubbard to Polly, the widow of his son John, and thence to her grandson, John W., until, about 1870, it came into the possession of George D., a great-grandson of Hubbard.' In 1872 the venerable ruin of one low story was replaced by a substantial building of two stories, and the tub- wheel resigned ils place in favor of a thirty-inch iron turbine. This change doubled the working capacity 1 One of his danghters, Mrs. Polly Janvrln, 1b still living in this place making (he span of their two lives already one hundred and forty-four years and eight months. 2- John died in 1816, aged forty-flve; his widow, Polly, in 1856, aged seventy-eight ; and John W. in 1876, aged flfty-six years. 336 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of the mill, — from three or four bushels per hour to six or eight bushels, — but unfortunately the granite atones were retained in deference to the prejudices of customers, though a twenty-inch run of burrs were also used to some extent. In 1881 this property was purchased by the widow of the previous owner, the old granites were taken out and replaced by a thirty- inch run of burr-stones, which are now doing satis- factory and profitable work.' The saw-mill passed down from Hubbard to his grandson Eichard,^ and then to John W., and the privilege is now owned by tke heirs of the latter. As we have already stated, the old mill was taken down in 1876, it having been allowed to go beyond repair, in consequence of being supplanted by the steam-mills, where logs can be promptly sawed, instead of lying about the mill-yard for a year or two, as they sometimes used to do. The old mill had its day, and had done a great deal of work for the benefit of the public and the profit of its' owners. But the place of largest investment and largest re- turns was on the opposite side of the dam, at the clothing-mill. This property Hubbard gave to his son Dudley, who was a clothier by trade as well as a farmer, and conducted this branch of business with success. He died in 1834, at the age of sixty-one, leaving this mill property to his son, George Hub- bard. Besides the carding, fulling, dyeing„and dress- ing departments, there was also a run of granite stones in the basement, with the privilege of grind- ing all the rye. Nathaniel Hubbard was not only a skillful mechanic and good farmer, but a competent surveyor and successful trader. The stone dams re- main as monuments of his energy and industry, and anecdotes concerning him are still in circulation. He cut the race-way of the clothing-mill through a solid ledge for several rods, all done with a pick. His grandson, George Hubbard, inherited much of his energy and business ability ; for when the custom clothing business was supplanted by the establish- ment of woolen-factories, he changed his mill to the manufacture of cotton batting and wadding, and in this direction laid the foundation of the largest for- tune ever accumulated by a resident of Hampton Palls. But this success came only after the conquer- ing of numerous difficulties. In August, 1847, his batting- and wadding-mill, run by steam and water, was destroyed by fire. In the spring of 1848 it was running again on batting alone, propelled by a breast- wheel.^ The joint use of the water with the saw-mill was a bone of contention until the matter was settled by a board of referees giving the first right to the 1 Just below the grist-miU waa built in 1855 a substantial stone-arched bridge at an expense of five hundred dollars. It stands just above the Head of tide-water, below which the stream twists and turns through the 13at marsh for a mile to the railroad crossing on its way to the old stage-road to Newburyport. 2 Kichard died in 1864, aged sixty-six. 3 This wheel was used with repairs until 1872, when George D.Dodge put a thirty-inch turbine in its place, it having become useless. water to the saw-mill from March 1st to May 15th, and to the batting-mill for the balance of the year. The old flutter-wheel of the saw-mill took a deluge of water until it was replaced by an iron wheel of more economical habits. The grist-mill below was also a source of annoyance to the batting-mill, in claiming the right to let water through the saw-mill gates for its use. But for all this we never knew of any hard words between the parties, however much they were inwardly vexed. George H. Dodge died in February, 1862, aged fifty- four years and eight months. Previous to his death the war of the B,ebel- lion had checked his manufacturing business; and having become extensively engaged in railroad af- fairs, his mill had laid idle for a year or more. His death found his eldest son, George Dudley, in the State of Georgia, forced into the military service of the Confederacy. After a year of perilous effort he es- capeil from Savannah to Charleston, was advertised as a deserter and followed by a detective, but after a delay of eleven weeks and six fruitless attempts, he finally escaped in a small sloop and reached home in January, 1863, via Nassau and New York. He found the batting-mill in bad condition, it having been run by contract for years, with little or no repairs, and then laid idle for the boys to pelt with stones. He spent a year in making thorough repairs at war prices, and started up in the spring of 1864, employing eight hands, and turning out five hundred pounds of goods per day, which found a ready sale in New York. The highest price received was sixty-five cents per pound, making a business of three hundred and twenty-five dollars per day. The same quality of goods were worth only about five cents per pound before the war, put up then with less care. Raw cotton, which before the war was worth about twelve cents per pound, sold in the fall of 1864 at two dollars per pound in cur- rency, equal to about seventy-five cents in gold. Cot- ton cloth, made partly from poor waste and old ropes, sold for seventy -five cents per yard. With the cap- ture of Richmond cottoff quickly declined from two dollars to fifty cents per pound, and soon settled to twenty-five cents. This business hurricane caught the young proprietor of the batting-inill with all sail set, affecting him as it did thousands of other busi- ness men. He continued to conduct the business on a smaller scale and with varying fortune until 1877, when, finding that the manufacture of batting by large concerns and corporations using their own waste had made the situation difficult for the smaller mills, he retired from the business to the advantage of his health ; and the batting-mill has since laid idle, again to become a target for the stones of the thoughtless boys. To-day these idle mills stand like ghosts of departed activity, while the shrinking stream has be- come the resortiof thirsty cattle. The tide of busi- ness activity which here once flowed has now ebbed. May it be the pleasure of the future historian to record a succeeding flood-tide of successful activity. HAMPTON FALLS. 337 Taylor's Riyek. — While Falls River derives its name from the natural rapids in its course, improved by stone dams, Taylor's River is named from an early resident of this town. It rises in Kensington, in two branches, one branch fed by a spring on the land of Stephen Green, and the other by three springs located on the different lots of True M. Pres- cott, Newell W. Healey, and Smith and Bishop. En- tering Hampton Falls through land purchased by Stephen Brown from the Lamprey heirs, near the green-house establishment of James Warren Pres- cott, it crosses the highway near the homestead of Edwin Prescott, soon crosses the road leading to Robert S. Prescott's, then crosses twice within a quarter-mile the road leading by the residence of Dr. Curtis, and next comes to public view on the Exeter road near the North school-house, crossing which it flows in Hampton, then furnishing the water-power for Coffin's mills before descending to the level of the salt . marshes. On the side of the road where it first crosses, near Edwin Prescott's, may be seen the remains of a dam where a saw-mill was erected by Aaron Prescott, father of Edwin, about 1842. In 1854, after the decease of Aaron Prescott, the mill was purchased by Joseph Poore, of Kensington, and moved to that place, where it is now in use at the proper season. Grape- Vine Run. —-As Hampton Falls is in- debted to Kensington for the service of its two other streams, so this one finds its source over or near the border line of that town. Crossing the highway near the residence of Nathan H. Robie, at the distaftce of about half a mile beyond, it crosses the Exeter road; thence flowing about the same distance in an easterly direction it comes to another highway, where a dam of stone and earth obstructs its further progress, and forms a reservoir in the land of John T. Batchelder. This reservoir is almost entirely dry in the summer- time, but in the wet season affords a considerable supply of water, which is controlled by a gate for the use of a saw-mill about a quarter of a mile below. This mill was erected in 1832, by Moses Batchelder, father of John T., principally for his own use, and is so run by his son at the present time. At an eighth of a mile below, where the stream enters the marsh- land, Mr. Batchelder erected in 1880 a grist-mill containing two run of granite stones formerly used in the old tide-mill at Hampton. This mill is run by Mr. Batchelder for his own use principally, and is driven by an iron wheel, as is the saw-mill. This stream runs at about equal distance between Falls River and Taylor's River, and is the smallest of the three. Thus we find that, in connection with the three mill streams in Hampton Falls, there were for- merly in operation at the same time four saw-mills, two or three grist-mills, with a shingle-mill in con- nection with one of them, and a woolen- or cotton- jnill. About 1877 the steam saw-mill of Jacob T. Brown, on his homestead place, was sold and taken 22 to Greenland. And besides this stationary mill, one or more portable mills have been used to clear wood- lots. In the spring of 1877 the old wind-mill on the premises of Levi E. Lane, at Cock Hill, was taken down. About thirty years ago this mill was used to grind plaster of Paris to be used as a fertilizer. CHAPTER LI. HAMPTON FAhhS.— {Continued.) ECCLBSIASTIOAL— EDUCATIONAL— CIVIL— MILITARY. Congregational Church — Baptist Church — Rockingham Academy — The Weare Monument — Representatives — Militai-y Record. The First Congregational Church (Unitarian) of Hampton Falls ' was organized in 1711. The first minister was Rev. Theophilus Cotton, who was settled in 1712, and died in 1726. The records of the time say that "he was decently buried at the charge of the parish." He was followed by Rev. Joseph Whip- ple, who was ordained Jan. 15, 1727, and died in 1757. After him Rev. Joseph Bagley, from 1757 to 1762 ; Rev. Paine Wingate, ordained 1763 ; resigned 1776. About this time a church building was erected near the centre of the town, where now the Unitarian Church stands. In 1781, Rev. Dr. Langdon was ordained pastor over this society. He was president of Harvard University a part of the time of the Revolution. Quite a number of valuable books belonging to Dr. Langdon's library are still kept in the library at the Unitarian Church. He died in 1797. In 1798 the Rev. Jacob Abbot was settled over the society, a man very tolerant and free-thinking for the times. He was pastor twenty-eight years. With- out preaching the Unitarianism of to-day, his large charity and spirit of free inquiry opened the way fof that agitation in the minds of the people which soon results in the disorganization of the established churches. About the beginning of the nineteenth century there was a Baptist agitation in the town. Some members left this church and formed them- selves into a Baptist society. Later a Calvinist so- ciety was established. Still later there was quite an exodus from the original church of prominent members ; these united with a number from Sea- brook, establishing a society at what was called the Line. Mr. Abbot's salary was three hundred dollars, six- teen cords of pine wood and eight of hard a year. After Mr. Abbot various ministers were engaged without being regularly settled. Among them were Rev. Messrs. Ward, Whitman, and Dow. Gradually there was a call for more liberal preaching. 1 By W. A. Oram. 338 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Eev. Linus Shaw was settled over the society a few years. "The people were much united in him." Mr. Shaw was followed by Rev. Jacob Caldwell, a preacher whose practical, earnest life encouraged the people to think forward, without fear of results, trusting that truth was always safe. Amidst the agitation attend- ant upon Theodore barker's first preaching in Boston, Mr. Caldwell, in straightforward recognition of the spirit of Christian tolerance, said he would welcome Mr. Parker to his pulpit. So, step by step, the society was led and grew into the liberal faith. After Mr. Caldwell, who had charge of this society and one at Kensington, came the Rev. Summer Lincoln. Rev. A. M. Bridge was the next pastor for about fifteen years, a minister of fine culture and earnest work. After Mr. Bridge, Rev. Everett Finley had charge of the society a year or two. He belonged to the new class called Radicals. Since then Rev. J. C. Learned and Rev. B. F. MoDaniel, settled over the Exeter Uni- tarian Society, have supplied the pulpit. For the last fifteen years the society has had its ups and downs, but has lived on until at the present time it is a church stronger in individual thought and religion than in organized body and power. The Christian Church, was organized as a Baptist Church in 1805, and reorganized as the First Christian Baptist Church in 1833. Members in 1833, fifty-six, — Jacob Brown and fifty-five others. Pastors, Samuel E. Brown, Daniel P. Pike, Warren Lincoln, Thomas F. Barry, George M. Payne, Jere- miah W. Marsh, Appleton W. Reed, Charles P. Smith, John McGlauflin, Joseph H. Graves. The present officers are as follows : Ministerial Com- mittee, George Moulton, Warren B. Pevear ; Secretary and Treasurer, John J. Brown. Church buildings were erected in 1805 and 1835. Present membership, fifty-one. Present pastor, Jo- seph H. Graves. The Baptist Church.' — Probably the first Baptist _in Hampton Falls was Betsey Fifield Dodge, who was converted under the preaching of Rev. Elias Hull, and with her husband, Dudley Dodge, united with the Congregational Church at Seabrook on the 18th of July, 1800. Mr. Hull, their pastor, preached in the old meeting-house at Seabrook from February, 1799, to April, 1817. Mrs. Dodge was a person of strong and independent mind, and embraced Baptist views without, so far as is known, being influenced by Bap- tist preaching. The nearest Baptist Church was at Exeter, and, desiring to unite with those of that faith and order, her husband urged her to wait one year, hoping in the mean time to eflTect a change in her views. For that purpose he engaged Rev. Mr. Web- ster, the pastor at Hampton, a relative of Daniel Webster's, to endeavor to convince her of her error. She called in Mr. Samuel Hatch, of the Baptist Church at Exeter, a man well versed in the Scrip- 1 By George D. Dodge. tures. As the result of the discussion Mr. Dodge himself was convinced, and baptized July 11, 1816, by Rev. William Hqoper, pastor at Exeter, after which Mr. Hooper preached in Mr. Dodge's house what is said to have been the first discourse ever delivered by a Baptist in Hampton Falls. This Wil- liam Hooper was the father of Rev. Noah Hooper, grandfather of Rev. N. Hooper, Jr., and a member of the first Constitutional Convention of New Hamp- shire, as was Dudley Dodge's father. From this time Mr. Dodge's house became a place of resort for Baptist ministers, and so continued dur- ing his lifetime and that of his son, George H. Dodge. It also became the place for Baptist preaching until the erection of the academy building, in 1834. Here services were held by such distinguished Baptists as Thomas Baldwin, settled in Boston from 1790 to the time of his death, in 1826; Lucius Bolles, of Salem ; Nathaniel Williams, of Beverly ; George Dana Board- man and Mr. Wheelock, afterwards missionaries to Burmah ; and Rev. ])rs. Chaplin and Prof. Chapin, presidents of Waterville College. It is said that Elder Peak, a noted Baptist evangelist, preached about one hundred times in this house. Dudley Dodge died in 1834, at the age of sixty-two, and his wife, Betsey Fifield, in 1855, at the age of eighty-five. In the fall of 1828 the following persons were dis- missed from the Baptist Church in Exeter to consti- tute what was then called the Baptist Church in Sea- brook and Hampton Falls : Dudley Dodge, Betsey Dodge, Mary M. Dodge, Miriam Dodge, Nancy D. Dod^e (all three daughters of Dudley and Betsey), Richard Dodge,. Clarissa Dodge, Mary Dodge (wife and sister of Richard, who was a nephew of Dudley). TheSe persons, all relatives of Dudley and Betsey Dodge, together with Hannah Dow, Ruth and Lydia Brown and Anna Knowles, of Seabrook, constituted themselves into a Baptist Church at the house of Richard Dodge, on the evening of Oct. 28, 1828, and at that time invited Rev. T. P. Ropes to become their pastor. At a meeting held in the brick school-house in Seabrook, November 24th, they received Huldah Gove to their fellowship. On the morning of Decem- ber 2d, at the house of Richard Dodge, they received Mrs. Sally Chase and Mrs. Elizabeth Green, and in the afternoon of the same day the church was recog- nized, and Mr. Ropes installed as their pastor by a council of ministers and delegates from neighboring Baptist Churches. These services were held in the old meeting-house in Seabrook, built in 1763, and first occupied by the Presbyterians until 1799, then by the Congregationalists, and now by the Baptists in 1828. Rev. Baron Sterr, then at Portsmouth, after- wards settled at Boston, preached on this occasion and presented the church with a Bible, which was de- stroyed in the academy fire in 1875. In September, 1829, Mary and Nancy Dodge presented them with a communion service, which is still in use. From the fall of 1828 to the fall of 1834 thev continued to wor- HAMPTON FALLS. 339 .ship in the old meeting-house in Seabrook, and then in the new academy building at Hampton Falls until the erection of the meeting-house in Hampton Falls. This house was opened for services in September, 1836; dimensions, forty and a half by fifty-five feet; cost, two thousand one hundred and seventeen dol- lars and fifty-eight cents; building committee, Wil- liam Brown, Richard Dodge, Joseph H. Weare, Aaron Gove, and George H. Dodge. In the summer of 1859 it was repaired and improved at an expense of two thousand dollars ; committee, George H. Dodge, John W. Dodge, and Nathan Brown. The roof was then slated, the tower replaced by a spire, the high singing gallery over the entrance taken down, the pulpit lowered, the walls frescoed, floor carpeted, and pews upholstered. Rev. Mr. Ropes, a connection of Dudley Dodge, continued as pastor from September, 1828, until April, 1830. He was a man of excellent character, education, and abilities, but suffered from a chronic complaint which caused him to be despond- ent and underrate his own influence. At that early date Mr. Ropes was a strong temperance advocate, while some of the ministers were still addicted to the use of intoxicating drink. In 1836 this church was reported as " strictly a temperance church." After the departure of Mr. Ropes, the church candidated for about two years ; then Rev. Oliver Barron was pastor for about a year ; then Calvin Monroe and Rev. James W. Poland supplied for about two years. In 1834 " the church sustained a great loss in the death of Dudley Dodge, who during these six years of its existence was ever ready with liberal aid and earnest prayers." Rev. Samuel Cooke was pastor from May, 1835, to April, 1838. During his ministry the meet- ing-house was built and the membership nearly doubled. He was afterwards chaplain of the New Hampshire State prison, and died in Concord in De- cember, 1872. " Rev. Otis Wing came the next month, in the midst of a series of week-day meetings. Eight Sabbaths in succession the baptismal waters were visited, the revival continuing until July. In Sep- tember the church numbered seventy-two." Mr. Wing resigned in December, 1840. In 1876 he was settled at Newton Junction, N. H., and is now resid- ing there, in the enjoyment of vigor, at the age of eighty-three. From August, 1841, until April, 1842, the pulpit was supplied by Mr. J. C. Foster, since and now a pro.minent Baptist pastor in Massachusetts. In May, 1842, Rev. 0. 0. Stearns, preceptor in the academy, took charge of the church until obliged by ill health to leave in July, 1843. He was in Lodi, Wis., in 1875. Rev. A. Briggs officiated for four months, following Mr. Stearns. In November, 1843, Rev. Zebulon Jones, now of East Hubbordton, Vt., came, and commenced the longest and one of the most fruit- ful pastorates yet enjoyed by this church. Mr. Jones also had charge of the academy, besides other engage- ments. • He remained until the summer of 1851. During his ministry here twenty-six were added to the church, including thirteen baptized by him as the fruit of a revival in the spring of 1851. In September, 1851, Rev. John E. Wood, previously pastor of the Methodist Church in Exeter, was baptized here by Rev. James French, himself a convert to the Baptist faith, and installed as pastor of this church. Several were ba]itized during his ministry, which closed April 30, 1853. He is now in Minnesota, acting as a State missionary. After him the first pastor, T. P. Ropes, supplied, for one year. Mr. Ropes died in Missouri in September, 1774, at the age of . Rev. Samuel Emmons Brown, previously a minister of the Christian denomination, took charge of the church in October, 1854, and remained until Sep- tember, 1856, when he left, against the wishes of all the people. Ten were added during his ministry. He died in South Hampton in June, 1862, and it was truthfully written of him, " A person of sound judg- ment, extensive biblical knowledge, and a true Chris- tian man, modest in his deportment, self-forgetful in all things, full of sweet Christian charity." After an interval of seven months Mr. E. B. Law came, and was ordained Oct. 28, 1857, and remained until August, 1858. During his stay eighteen were added to the church, making the membership ninety-eight, the highest number it has ever reached. " Mr. Law was a young man of ability and devotion," and is now settled in his native State of New York. During the summer of 1859 the meeting-house was closed for re- pairs. In June of that year twenty-three members were dismissed to form the Seabrook Baptist Churcli. In October, 1859, Rev. Alfred Colburn took charge of the church, in addition to his duties as preceptor of the academy, and remained until May, 1863. He is now in Hopkinton, Mass. " Feb. 14, 1862, the church suffered the loss of one of its most prominent mem- bers, George H. Dodge." Mr. ColbiiVn was followed immediately by Rev. F. K. Stratton, a Methodist preacher, who supplied most acceptably until March, 1864. Rev. William H. Walker, lately settled at Warner, N. H., came in May, 1864, and served as pastor until April, 1867. In 1864 the church met with a severe loss in the deaths of Richard Dodge and Simon Winslow. The former was the last original male member and an able supporter. Mr. Winslow married Eliza, daughter of Dudley Dodge, and though a Methodist by profession, was untiring in his efforts to advance the interests of this church. Rev. John M. Driver served as pastor from July, 1867, to October, 1868. His wife, "a woman of great intelligence and rare devotion," died at Beverly, July, 1874, and he has since followed her. "Just here occurs the darkest period in the history of this church. With the exception of twelve Sabbaths' supply by Rev. Otis Wing, the church remained closed until October, 1870, a period of two years and three months. At this time a Mr. Moulton, a licensed preacher from Jefferson, N. H., came and volunteered his services, and remained until January. From that 340 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. time until August, 1872, the churcli was supplied by students from Newton Theological Seminary, princi- pally by J. T. Burkoe, now settled in Chicago, and H. H. Beaman. Among other students who supplied were George Churchill and Eufus Sanford,.now mis- sionaries in India, and Frederick Erileth and B. P. Cross, now in Burmah. In August, 1872, H. H. Bea- man became the joint pastor of the Hampton Falls and Seabrook Churches, and so continued until April, 1876. After that he preached for three months at Hampton Falls, where he was ordained Oct. 2, 1872, and had resided during his joint minis- try. From here he went to West Bridgewater, Mass., and thence in 1880 to North Oxford, Mass., where he died in August, 1881, three weeks after the death of Mrs. Beaman. Mr. Beaman was a faithful, earnest pastor, and during his ministry a powerful revival was enjoyed, followed by the baptism of more than twenty. Rev. T. J. Burgess was settled as pastor in September, 1876, at a salary of five hundred dollars and house rent, and still sustains that relation. This is the only church in town maintaining regular services through- out the year. The last surviving original mem,ber, Miriam Dodge, died at Dover in January, 1879. Starting with four- teen constituent members in 1828, the additions since have numbered two hundred and twenty-one ; present number, sixty, of which fifteen are non-residents. The fruitful years have been 1835, twelve additions ; 1838, twenty-nine ; 1851, fourteen ; 1855, twelve ; 1858, twenty-four ; 1876, really twenty-eight, though ten of them appear under 1877 ; since 1877, none.' Among the causes which led to the establishment of this church may be mentioned occasional preaching from 1817 to 1824, by Elder True, Baptist pastor at Amesbury. He held these services in the old Christian chapel, afterwards used as a blacksmith-shop here, and now used for that purpose in East Salisbury. Though not a graduate of the schools. Elder True was a man of great natural ability, and well versed in the Scriptures, having read them thirteen times in course before arriving at the age of twenty. He con- ducted a large farm during the week, preached ex- tempore on the Sabbath, filling his appointments on horseback, and receiving one dollar per Sabbath as compensation. Previous to 1852, Dudley Dodge was the only person appointed to act as deacon. At that date William Brown, Eichard Dodge, and Micajah Green were chosen. Mr. Brown died in 1856. Mr. Green was dismissed to Seabrook in 1859, and Mr. Dodge died in 1864. None have since been chosen. Mr. Brown was a sort of lay preacher of the Christian denomination before uniting with this church in 1885. His knowledge of the Bible was remarkable, his exhortations being principally composed of quota- tions from its pages, always naming the chapter 1 Three have been baptized since this waa written. and verse. During the first fifty-two years of its his- tory the clerkship of this church continued in one family or its connections, namely. Rev. T. P. Ropes, two years ; Richard Dodge, ten years ; George H. Dodge, sixteen years ; George D. Dodge, twenty-four years. Mr. E. B. Towle is the present clerk since 1880. The statement that the Sabbath-school is the nursery of the church is especially verified in the later history of this church. The first Sabbath-school in Hampton Falls of which we have any knowledge was held in the old school-house near the common, in the summer of 1822, by Miss Hannah Dodge, from Ohio, at that time on a visit to her relatives here. She was assisted by her cousins. Misses Eliza and Mary Dodge, daughters of Dudley Dodge. It is stated that there were no Sabbath-sehools in connec- tion with the eight or nine churches forming the Portsmouth Baptist Association in 1828. But this church in 1829 reported one of fifty scholars, with a library of ninety volumes. The two principal points to be noted in its history since are the great fluctua- tions in its numbers at different periods and the fact that in late years the additions to the church have come almost wholly from its ranks. In 1858, un- der the superintendency of George H. Dodge, it reached its highest number, one hundred and thirty- four. George H. Dodge and his son, George D. Dodge, are the only persons who have served as superintend- ents for any considerable length of time.'' The pres- ent superintendent is Mr. E. B. Towle, with a mem- bership of about fifty-five. Eockingham Academy.^ — In connection with the annual meeting of the Portsmouth Baptist Associa- tion at Chester, in October, 1833, we find the first recorded suggestion of this institution, designed " to promote both science and religion.'' In the follow- ing December a committee appointed by this Associ- ation met at Hampton Falls in consultation with a local committee consisting of William Brown and George H. Dodge, and decided to locate the academy at Hampton Falls, " provided the friends of educa- tion in that place will erect a suitable edifice." Through the agency of a committee consisting of George H. Dodge, Richard Dodge, T. S. Sanborn, and Nathan Brown, " an elegant and commodious build- ing" was promptly erected at a cost of $1900 ; loca- tion, on the common in front of the Baptist meeting- house ; dimensions, thirty-two by fifty feet; two stories, hip-roof, with bell-tower and steeple rising from the centre. On the 10th of September, 1834, this institution was formally opened with appropriate services, including an address by Rev. Baron Storr. The first term of the school commenced at that date, under the tuition of Rev. Oliver Ayer as principal, assisted by Miss Caroline Garland, who shortly after- ward became Mrs. Ayer. Salary of principal, five hundred dollars, and of assistant, five dollars per 2 The latter for thirteen years. " By George D. Dodge. HAMPTON FALLS. 341 week. The school was under the control of a board of nineteen trustees, appointed annually by the Asso- ciation, the proprietors of the building having the right to nominate seven of the number. The first annual reportof the secretary, Rev. J. Newton Brown, is a model in matter and style, and portrays a very flourishing condition of affairs. A philosophical ap- paratus had been secured, a library established, and a reading-room fitted up and supplied with current literature. The board of instruction had been in- creased to four ; the attendance at the summer term had been ninety ; the number of different scholars during the year, one hundred and fifty-one; the income from tuition had been sufficient to meet all current expenses, and ninety-five students had entered for the ensuing fall term. By the second annual report, dated Oct. 6, 1836, we learn that the fall term, under the instruc- tion of Messrs. Ayer and Ladd, and Misses Garland, Merriam, and Dodge, had continued eleven and one- half weeks, and was attended by one hundred and two scholars. The winter term of seventeen weeks, under Mr. Ayer, Mr. Gate, and Miss E. Dodge, had sixty-six pupils, and the summer term, under Messrs. Ayer and Marshman Williams, and Misses Merriam and M. P. Dodge, had ninety-six pupils. Number of diferent scholars for the year, one hundred and eighty-eight. A charter of incorporation was ob- tained this year, by the terms of which the building reverted to the proprietors whenever the school should remain closed for six months. Mr. Ayer resigned his position at the close of his second year, has been set- tled as a pastor in different places since, and is at present residing at North Oxford, Mass. Resolutions of high commendation were accorded Mr. Ayer and his assistant, N. Marshman Williams, who resigned at the same time. Mr. Williams is now settled as a pastor at Warner, N. H. These were the prosperous days of Rockingham Academy. To the want of a permanent fund, and the consequent inability to secure or retain teachers of commanding ability, may be ascribed the fitful course of the institution thereafter, and its final dissolution at the age of vigorous manhood. A propo- sition had been made at the start to raise such a fund, but those interested in the place had done all they were able in- the erection of the building, and its patrons elsewhere were not wealthy. Still if its imperative ne- cessity had been fully realized something of the kind might have been done at first more easily than de- ficiencies were afterwards met. These deficiencies commenced with the second year, and continued thereafter, except at such times as the principals could be induced to assume the responsibility them- selves. Mr. Ayer was succeeded by Mr. Moses Burbank, a graduate of Waterville College, who took charge of the school in the fall of 1836, and resigned in May, 1838. During this time there had been a decided decline in attendance, owing to the ill health of the principal. In the summer of 1837 an unsuccessful effort had been made to procure funds for the erection of a boarding-house. It must have been from disinter- ested motives that the residents of the village were willing to fill their houses with student boarders at the rate of one dollar and fifty cents per week, in- cluding lights and washing. And to make their ex- penses even less than this, some boarded themselves in quarters over the village store. Mr. Burbank was succeeded by Rev. Timothy P. Ropes, " formerly an esteemed pastor within this As- sociation, but for several years past the successful preceptor of an academy in Lexington, Mass.'' The tuition at this time was fourteen dollars for the year of three terms, with an attendance of forty-one, forty- two, and fifty-seven. Owing to ill health Mr. Ropes resigned his position at the close of the summer term, 1839. He died in 1874. Under different teachers the division of the school year alternated between three and four terms. By the sixth annual report, dated Oct. 8, 1840, we find that for three-quarters of the preceding year the school had been under the charge of Mr. Samuel Lunt Caldwell, and the year had been finished by a Mr. Humphrey Richards. " The building is now closed !" is the record. It was opened, however, during the winter by Rev. J. W. Poland, assisted by his nephew, John W. Dodge. But from want of sufficient encouragement Mr. Poland resigned, and left Mr. Dodge to finish the year. Mr. Poland, who is now living at Goffstown, N. H., held at different times the positions of member, president, and secretary of the board of trustees, besides acting as a collecting agent at one time. From the close of the fall term, 1840, the school remained closed until the 11th of May, 1842, when, after a revival of interest and repair of the building, it was again opened under the tuition of Rev. O. 0. Stearns, assisted by Mrs. Stearns. Besides his duties in the school, Mr. Stearns supplied the pulpit of the Baptist Church on the Sabbath. This arrangement continued for one year to the satisfaction of all con- cerned, but the double duty proved too much for his strength. In 1876, Mr. Stearns was in Lodi, Wis. The fall term, and possibly the summer, was taught by Prof. A. Briggs, who also preached in the adjoin- ing church. On the 12th of November of this year, 1843, Rev. Zebulon Jones signed a written agreement taking charge of the school on his own responsibility. This arrangement continued until the summer of 1851, thus proving the longest as well as one of the most successful engagements in tl),e history of the school. Mr. Jones was a man of iron constitution and great executive ability. Burdened with an invalid wife, he performed the duties of a pastor during all these seven years and a half, and during a part of the time conducted* a large boarding-house, and at one time held the office of county school commissioner. His 342 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. school numbered at one time seventy-five scholars or more, but suffering from his absence the attendance declined. Mr. Jones is now living at East Hubbard- ton, Vt. From Nov. 6, 1848, to Sept. 8, 1853, the records are a blank, but during this time occurred one of the best administrations in the whole history of the school, that of Lysander Dickerman, for six quarters, com- mencing with the spring of 1852. During the year between Mr. Jones and Mr. Dick- erman the school was taught for one or more terms by a Mr. Pitman, a good scholar and a good man, but lacking in executive talent. Mr. Dickerman was a graduate of Brown University, had been serving as associate principal of Pierce Academy, Middleboro', Mass., and attracted from thence a fine class of young men. His administration was characterized by thoroughness of instruction and strictness of disci- pline, in both of which qualities the school had some- times been deficient. Mr. Dickerman is now settled as a pastor in Massachusetts. Following Mr. Dickerman, the school was taught for several terms by Mr. Francis M. Dodge, a popular teacher,' from Wenham, Mass. Mr. Dodge was a graduate of Waterville College, and has since fol- lowed the profession of teaching with success. He resigned the position in November, 1855, because the trustees would assume no pecuniary responsibility. In November, 1855, the trustees resolved to make an effort to secure an endowment of twenty thousand dollars, one- half to be a permanent fund and the other half to be taken up in scholarships. Nothing was ac- complished in this direction, though Hon. George H. Dodge offered fifteen thousand dollars towards such a fund, provided the balance was raised. The reason was said to be because the Baptist Academy at New London had just sent out an agent for a like pur- pose. The winter term of 1855 was taught by Mr. George B. Elden, of Maine. The last recorded report to the Association was made in September, 1856, by Rev. Samuel E. Brown, secretary. From that time to September, 1864, the records are silent. But in the interval the school had been taught several terms by Eev. Alfred Colburn, who had pastoral charge of the Baptist Church from October, 1859, to May, 1863. The last term was taught by him. Thus ended the prolonged struggles of this institution, which started with such bright prospects. At the annual meeting of the board of trustees in September, 1864, Eev. N. Hooper was chosen president, Rev. W. H. Walker clerk, and George D. Dodge treasurer, and the presi- dent and clerk were instructed to ascertain the pro- prietors of the academy building. They reported as follows : Richard Dodge nine shares, George H. Dodge seven shares, T. L. Sanborn three shares, John W. Dodge five shares, D. Jannin two shares, and John S. Tilton one share. In 1865-66 the same officers were chosen, and at the latter date the president and clerk were instructed to ascertain the legal claims of the Association to the academy, and recommend some course for final action. Thus closes the record. The building was occupied in 1871 as a shoe manu- factory, and was finally destroyed by an incendiary fire at midnight of April 30, 1875. Previous to the erection and occupation of the Bap- tist meeting-house in September, 1836, church ser- vices had been held for two years in the academy hall ; and up to 1871 this hall had been more or less occupied for religious services, sometimes on the Sabbath, but more especially for evenir^g services. The academy bell was melted in the conflagration. It cost about one hundred dollars, three-fourths of which was contributed by the citizens and one-fourth by the trustees. It had always been used by the Bap- tist Church, and was the only bell ever hung in this town. It was tolled for the first time on the death of Dudley Dodge in 1834. The following is a list of those most prominently connected with the institution as tru.stees : Revs. Silas Ilsley,* William Lamson,* N. Hooper,* C. W. Flanders, Oliver Ayer,* Samuel Cooke, and J. W. Poland ■*, Deacons Samuel Cleaves, G. C. Brown,* Peter Sanborn,* William Brown, Rich- ard Dodge, and George H. Dodge. (Those marked * are still living.) Richard and George H. Dodge were always members of the board of trustees, and the lat- ter acted as treasurer almost without exception. This institution exerted a very beneficial influence on the place in awakening a desire for culture and affording the means. The self-denying efforts of its founders were not wasted, for its alumni have an honorable record. Its annual exhibitions were occasions never to be forgotten. As Rev. N. Hooper recently re- marked, he had never seen them excelled. Let the present inhabitants of this quiet village picture the time when the number of students exceeded its pres- ent population. Let them think of this addition to the Sabbath congregation. And let them in imagi- nation listen to the frequent ringing of the academy bell, and the laughter of the merry throng hastening to obey its summons. The Weare Momiment.^ — Around the little trian- gular common^ at Hampton Falls village cluster sev- eral points of historic interest. On its bosom repose the ashes of Rockingham Academy, once the life and pride of the place, while across the highway stands its surviving twin institution, the Baptist Church, beneath whose shade rest the remains of some of their founders, whose names are honorably connected with much that is best in the history of their native place. Near its apex, on one side, is located the new school-house, erected in 1877, the third at least on the same spot, to make room for which its predecessor, erected in 1839, was moved across the common to where it now stands, on the premises of Mr. J. W. Green. The unpainted hip-roofed one removed in 1 By George D. Dodge. 2 Sometimes called Monument Square. HAMPTON FALLS. 343 1839 is said to be now standing in South Seabrook. In its rear stood the old engine-house, which has been moved four times since about 1848, and now stands on the premises of Mr. George D. Dodge. And near it formerly stood the gun-house, where was kept a brass six-pounder to roar on muster days. On the opposite side stands the venerable Weare mansion where, in' the early recollection of the writer, resided Mr. John Porter, who married Han- nah, daughter of Governor Mesheck Weare. Anti- quated in speech and dress, he wore a queue, and used to inquire for my " sire."" He died in 1847, at the age of seventy ; his wife in 1849, aged ninety-five ; and Miss Nabby Lang, a granddaughter of the Gov- ernor, and the last of this household, in 1864, at the age of ninety. George H. Dodge was the ex- ecutor of the wills of Mr. and Mrs. Porter, and by that of the latter he was instructed to erect a monu- ment to the memory of her distinguished father, the first Governor of New Hampshire. The sum at his disposal being insufficient to erect a suitable one, Mr. Dodge applied to the Legislature of 1852 for an appropriation for this purpose. These were the times of close economy in public affairs, and no appropria- tion of the kind had ever been granted by our Leg- islature. And it was not until the following session that a resolution was passed, authorizing the Gov- ernor and Council to appoint a committee "to cause to be erected over the grave of Hon. Mesheck Weare, in Hampton Falls, a suitable monument to his mem- ory, to his patriotism and many virtues." The fol- lowing persons. were appointed as this committee: George H. Dodge, of Hampton J'alls, J. Everett Sargent, of Wentworth, and John H. Wiggins, of Dover. This committee attended promjitly to the duty assigned them, and as the result of iheir efforts a monument was completed in the fall of 1853, its lo- cation being the base of the common bounded by the old stage-route from Portsmouth to Boston. It stands at a favorable elevation, facing the sea, its chaste column kissed by the first rays of the morning sun as he rises from his briny bed. It is about thirty rods distant from the Weare mansion, while the re- mains of the Governor lie with his family at about the same distance in the opposite direction, in an an- cient cemetery formerly a part of the Weare l^me- stead. A simple, monument marks the spot, which was not considered a suitable location for the larger one, while the surviving relatives were unwilling that his remains should be removed. The family monu- ment, erected at a later date, is inscribed to " Prest. Weare," probably as the result of some criticism on the inscription of the public one to *' Gov." Weare. The title of "Prest." is undoubtedly the strictly cor- rect one, while that of " Gov." is the more intelligible one at the present day. The lot where the public monument stands was graded and fenced by the town, quite an area being at first inclosed with posts of granite and rails of wood. Afterwards, in 1875, an appropriation of three hundred dollars was obtained from the State, for the inclosure of a smaller space by an iron fence of neat design. In the almost thirty years which have elapsed since its erection, both the stones of the small boy and the tooth of time have made their marks on its structure, the latter being the deeper and more serious of the two. It is an interesting histori- cal fact that this monument marks the site of the first meeting-house erected in Hampton Falls. To Allen Treat, of Portsmouth, the committee intrusted the execution of their design, at an expense of two thousand five hundred dollars. At the time of its erection this monument was said to be the finest in the State. It* base is eight feet square, composed of two granite blocks two feet in thickness. LTpon this base rests a single granite block six feet square, and something more than two feet thick. , Above this rises the monument of Italian marble, composed of plinth, die, cap, shaft, and urn, making a height of twenty-nine and a half feet. The marble plinth is three feet ten inches square, and seventeen inches in height. The die is five feet in height, affording, ample space on its four sides for the necessary inscriptions, as follows. On the front: " He was one of those good meu Who dared to love their Country and be poor." This side would be the plainest of all, but for the inscription "GOV. WBARE," in long letters and bold relief on the front of the cap over the die. And on the shaft above, a shield in- closes a finely-executed design of the State seal in the form of a shallow hemisphere. On the right side — "EUECTBD 1853, by the State of New Hampshire, to perpetuate the memory of her illustrious Son, whose early efforts, sage councils, and persevering labors contributed largely towards establishing his Country's independence, and shaping tlie future destiny of his native State." A laurel wreath. A shield, both in relief. On the left side — ■' Hon. MESHAOK WEARE, born in Hampton Falls, Jan. 16, 1Y13. Graduated at Harvard College, 17:55. Speaker of the House of our Representatives, 1752. Commissioner to Congress, at Albany, 1754. .Pres't of New Hampshire from 1776 to 178i. At the same time Council lor from Rockirigham, Cliairman of the Committee of Safety, Pres't of the Council, and Chief-.Tustice of the Supreme Court. In public service 45 years. Died Jan. 14, 1786. 344 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. On the back side — " The following were the Committee chosen by the State to erect this Monument: George H. Dodge. J. Everett Sargent. John H.Wiggins." Laurel wreath (in relief). Shield. Each side of the cap (above) the die is ornamented with a wreath, and surmounting the shaft is a shapely urn from which rises a flame, emblematic of the well- earned immortality of him whose wisdom, virtues, and patriotism this monument is designed to com- memorate. At the time of its erection Italian marble was considered to be the proper thing, but it is now said to be less enduring than the softest marble from Vermont. Be that as it may, the memory of this patriot will remain as imperishable as the granite of his native State. BBPKESENTATIVBS FEOM 1718-1882.1 1718, 1722, l733-3i. Peter Weare. 1727, 1730, 1737. Nathaniel Weai'e. 1735-36,1739-41. lohabod Bobie. 1744, 1748, 1752, 1762, 1765, 1768, 1774-75. Mesheck Weare. 1758. Richard Nason. 1771. Jonathan Tiltoo. 1776-77. Henry Robie. 1779. Samuel Weare. 1783, 1786. Abner Sanborn. 1787. Nathaniel Healey. 1791. Nathaniel Hubbard fiodge. 1793, 1795. Nathan Brown. 1797. Caleb Tilton. 1801, 1807, 1811. Peter Tilton. 1809, 1814. Jo-seph Perkins. 1813, 1815-16. Aaron Merrill. 1817-19, 1821-22. Jeremiah Blake. 1820, 1828. William Brown, 1824-25. Thomas Leavitt. 1826-27. Levi Lane. 1829, 1831. David Chase. 1832-3.3. Josiah Brown. 1834. Moses Batchelder. 1836, 1838. John Weare. 1837. N. P. Cram. 1839-40. George Hubbard Dodge. 1841-42. Thayer S. Sanborn. 1844. Otis Wing. 1846-47. John W. Dodge. 1848^9. Jeremiah Godfrey. 1850-51. Simon Winslow. 1852-63. Wills W. Healey. 1854-65. Charles H. Sanborn. 1856-67. John Batchelder. 1858-59. Thomas L. Sanborn. 1860-61. Charles A. Nason. 1862-63. Jefferson Janvrin. 1864-65. Dean B. Tilton. 1866-67. Levi E. Lane. 1868-69. Emory Batchelder. 1870-71. Peter G. Tilton. 1872-73. Charles T. Brown. 1874-76. George B. Sanborn. 1876-77. John F. Jones. 1878. Joseph T. Sanborn. 1879. John C. Sanborn. 1880-82. Henry H. Knight. Delegates to conventions to revise the Constitution of the State of New Hampshire : first convention, Na- thaniel Hubbard Dodge; second convention, George Hubbard Dodge; third convention, Nehemiah P. Cram. MILITABY KEOOBD, 1861-65.2 Cliarles W. Durgin. David Creighton. Walter Butler. Bobert Butler. Thomas E. Gushing. John C. Kennison. James H. Sanborn. Frank P. Cram. Lewis T.Sanborn. Samuel Batchelder. Samuel L. Perreare. Daniel E. Perreare. Silvester J. Perreare. Burnham E. Perreare. Sewell B. Perreare. Benjamin F. Marshall. Bobert Fisher. Henry McDevitt. George Albert Janvrin. Joseph P. Jones. Samuel H. Dearborn. John E.Williams. James Green. Benjamin Brown. Bobert Morgan. William Bi'own. David McWhirter. John S. Godfrey. Almon Preacott. Joseph E. Prescott Samuel M. Prescott. 1 By George D. Dodge, i 2 Contributed by George D, Dodge. Drafted and sent substitutes. Enoch J. Tilton. Edwin Prescott. Thomas G. Moulton. William A. Cram. Chesey P. Chase. In politics, almost equally divided between Repub' licans and Democrats. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. HON. WARREN BROWN. Hon. Warren Brown, of Hampton Falls, N. H., is a lineal descendant of the seventh generation from John Brown, who was of Scotch descent, but was born in England, and followed the baker's trade in London many years previous to his emigration to America. John Brown set sail for the New World April 17, 1635, in the ship " Elizabeth," and reached Boston the following June. Among many others who came to these shores at the same time was one Sarah Walker, then seventeen years of age, who sub- sequently became the wife of John Brown, and the mother of a large and intelligent family. Their de- scendants are numbered by the hundreds and thou- sands, and are scattered from Maine to California. From 1635 to 1638, Mr. Brown resided in Salem or Lynn (tradition says Salem), Mass. He settled in Hampton in 1638, and became one of the first pro- prietors of the town. As early as 1640 he was some- what engaged in ship-building, for he " built a barque at the river near the present site of Perkins' Mill, supposed to be the first craft larger than a com- mon row-boat built in town." He was one of the largest land-holders in the town, and was consid- erably engaged in stock-raising. In 1673 and 1674 he and his son John brought suit against the "pru- dential men," and also against the town of Hampton, for not causing a road to be built to his farm. The court decided in his favor, and the road was built. In 1651 and 1656 he was one of the selectmen of the town, though as a rule he was not prominent in State or church matters. In 1664 he was one of those chosen to look after the boys during divine service, though he himself was not, probably, a church- mem^ier. We are informed by tradition that all five of his sons were engaged in conflicts with the Indi- ans, but with respect to three of them it is certain. During King Philip's war, in 1676, John and Thomas Brown, sons of John, were among those to whom Hampton was to pay certain sums for military ser- vices. In 1677, Stephen, the youngest son, being but eighteen years of age, enlisted and accompanied the expedition to the eastward, and was at the battle of Black Point, where sixty out of ninety men lost their lives, and he was one of them, being killed June 29, 1677. In 1683, John Brown, oldest son of John Brown, died, aged about forty. He was unmarried. «';.-^^' Brif^ iy A-BXiictilB Q/niyy^ yjQ^tn(/~n_? -^^s^^^v ■nc{ • ■:,i A II til HAMPTON FALLS. 345 Benjamin Brown, second son of John, came into pos- session of the greater part of his father's property at Seabrook, and some of his descendants still live on the same farm. John Brown, Sr., died Feb. 28, 1686, aged ninety-eight years. The name was formerly spelled with an "e" final— Browne. His wife, Sarah, died Feb. 28, 1687. Their children were Sarah, John, Benjamin, Elizabeth, Jacob, Mary, Thomas, Stephen, Sarah (2), and Abial S. Jacob, Thomas, and Benjamin lived to be more than eighty-seven years of age. The line of descent from John Brown to Hon. Warren Brown is as fol- lows : Warren', John B.^, Jacob*, Nathan'', Jacob", Benjamin-, John'. Jacob'* married Abigail Berry, of Greenland, and had four sons, — Thomas, Nathan W., Joseph C, and John B. Mr. Brown was a farmer in Hampton Falls, and was a member of the Christian Church. He died April 25, 1.859, aged ninety-two, and his wife died Dec. 20, 1833. John B. Brown was born at East Kingston, Jan. 5, 1799, and removed to Hampton Falls with his parents when he was one year old. He married Sarah M., daughter of Thomas Leavitt, of Hampton Falls, May 8, 1834. She was born Oct. 24, 1808. Their only child is Warren Brown, born Aug. 11, 1836, on the same farm which he now owns in Hampton Falls, N. H. John B. Brown was a farmer by occupation, and a Democrat in politics. He died March 31, 1858, aged fifty-nine years. His widow still survives him, and resides with her only son. Hon. Warren Brown received such advantages for an education as the common schools of his native town afforded, supplemented by some three years at the Rockingham Academy, in Hampton Falls, and Phillips Academy, at Andover, Mass. He was reared a farmer, which honorable calling he has successfully followed to the present time. He owns the old Brown homestead, in Hampton Falls, which was formerly owned by one Benjamin Batchelder, who was a lineal descendant of the fourth generation of Rev. Stephen Batchelder, " said to have been the first Congrega- tional minister at Lynn, Mass., and Hampton, N. H." Benjamin Batchelder was born Sept. 19, 1673, married Susannah Page, Dec. 25, 1696, and 'had thirteen children, the sixth of whom, Susannah, became the wife of Ebenezer Webster, and one of their sons was Col. Ebenezer Webster, of Revolu- tionary fame, and father of Hon. Daniel Webster, America's greatest statesman, his mother being Abi- gail Eastman, of Salisbury, Mass. When this farm was owned by Mr. Batchelder it consisted of one hundred and fifty acres, but the farm now owned by Warren Brown contains more than three hundred acre.s, which is in a fine state of cul- tivation. In 1879, Mr. Brown erected one of the finest and most substantial dwellings in the county, and, taken with his numerous and well-arranged outbuildings, presents at once to the passer-by one of the most attractive places in the county. In politics he was a Democrat until the great civil war, when he became a Republican, and as such he has held the various town offices, and in 1872-73 was a member of the State Senate, serving on the Commit- tees of Railroads and Banks, and was chairman of the Committee on Agriculture. From 1879-81 he was a member of the Executive Council under Governor Head. He has always been prominently identified with the agricultural interest of his county and State. For thirteen years he has been a trustee of the " New England Agricultural Society" from New Hampshire, and since 1879 he has been president of the New Hampshire State Agricultural Society. Mr. Brown is one of the most successful farmers in Rockingham County, and his splendid farm is widely known, but perhaps fevv are aware that the lineage of Daniel Webster was reared on this farm, or that he, Webster, was a lineal descendant of Rev. Stephen Batchelder, the first minister of Hampton. On the 1st of January, 1867, Mr. Brown married Sarah G., daughter of the late Daniel L. and Sophia " Osgood" Norris, of Dover. She was born Nov. 17, 1841. Their children are Harry B., Arthur W., Gertrude N., Mildred L., all born in the old " Brown" house, on this same farm. Mr. Brown is a member of high standing of the Masonic fraternity. He is respected at home and honored abroad. JOSEPH T. SANBORN. Tradition has it that the great ancestor of the San- born family in New Hampshire was one John San- born, who died in England, leaving the care of his family, consisting of three sons, — John, William, and Stephen, — to his father-in-law, tlie Rev. Stephen Bachiler. This latter gentleman and several others came to this country with their families, landing from the good ship " William and Francis," June 5, 1632. They went at once from Boston to Lynn, Mass. Rev. Mr. Bachiler returned to England ; and it is believed that Stephen, one of the grandsons mentioned above, returned with him. Most of those who came with them removed to Hampton, N. H., in 1638, and here John and William lived and died. Their descend- ants lived there for more than one hundred years. The family name was sometimes changed to San- borne and Sanbourne. John Sanborn, Sr., was born in England about 1600 ; married, and had three sons, — John, William, and Stephen. John (2d) was born in England in 1620, came to America in 1632, was twice married, — first to Mary, daughter of Robert Tuck. She died Dec. 30, 1668, and Mr. Sanborn married for second wife Margaret Moulton (a widow), daughter of Robert Page. 346 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. John was a prominent man, and was made freeman Oct. 11, 1685. William Sanborn came to America at the same time (1632), married Mary Moulton, lived in Hampton, was made a freeman in 1678, and died Sept. 18, 1692, aged seventy years. He held the va- rious offices of his town. Stephen Sanborn, the young- est son of John, married and returned to England. Sewell S. Sanborn, a lineal descendant from John Sanborn, first generation, lived on the same farm in Hampton Falls where at the present writing (1882) his grandson, Joseph T. Sanborn, now resides. He married Miss Elizabeth Batchelder, and had a large family Of children, of which Thayer S. was next to the youngest son. Both Thayer S. and his wife were members of the Congregational Church, and lived to an advanced age. Thayer S. received an academic education at Hamp- ton, and taught school for a number of years. He married Deborah Ward, of Hampton, and had six children. These were Harriet W. (who became the wife of Dr. Edward Grosvenor, of Xewburyport), Thomas L., Joseph T., Marcia W., Helen E., and Joseph H. Of these, Helen died young, and Joseph H. died in October, 1878. The last named wasa soldier in the war of the Rebellion, and died from the effects of hardships sustained in the service. Mr. Sanborn was always prominent in politics, being a Whig in his early life, and subsequently a Republican. He held at one time or another all of the offices in the gift of the people of his township, and served in the State Legislature two years. The Weare National Bank, in which he was a large stockholder and di- rector, was located in his own house at Hampton Falls. Both himself and wife were members of thte Congregational Church, and active in all church and neighborhood affairs. Mrs. Sanborn died in 1858, and Mr. Sanborn in August, 1874. Both are buried in the cemetery at Hampton Falls. Joseph T. Sanborn was favored with a good educa- tion, attending school for several years at Rockingham Academy and one year at Pembroke, N. H. He left school at nineteen, and immediately engaged in the mercantile business for himself at Hampton Falls, continuing in business for five years. In the spring of 1853 he went to Califofnia, and engaged in the wholesale grocery business at San Francisco, con- tinuing there until 1869. He was also intere.sted in some extensive mining operations and in other busi- ness enterprises. In December, 1869, he returned to Hampton Falls, where he has since resided. Owino- to poor health he did not again engage in active busi- ness until 1876. After the death of his father, in 1874, he came into possession of the old Sanborn homestead, where he now resides (18S2), and which property has been in the possession of the family for more than two hun- dred years. In politics Mr. Sanborn is a Republican. He seri'ed in the Legislature in 1878 with credit and distinction, and was a member of the committee on the reform school. At the present writing he is a i member of the board of education of Hampton Falls. I He married Eliza B., daughter of Jefferson and Mary j (Wadleigh) Janvrin, Aug. 10, 1876. Mrs. Sanborn i was born at Seabrook, Dec. 7, 1843. They have one child, Fannie Ward, who was born Nov. 15, 1877. Mr. Sanborn is a leading citizen, a man with much ] influence and many friends. From his ancestors, among whom were many good men and true, there I have descended to hira many of the qualities that go to make up the sum of good citizenship and true, useful manhood. JEFFERSON JAXVRIN. Jefferson Janvrin was a lineal descendant of Jean Janvrin and his wife, Elizabeth Le Consteur, who lived in Isle of Jersey, which at that time belonged to France. Their son, Jean Janvrin, being a seafaring man, sailed between ports of Europe and America carrying merchandise. Aug. 6, 1696, he sailed from Lisbon for Portsmouth, N. H., commander of his own ship, the " Four Friends." The " log" of this and subsequent voyages is now in possession' of Jefferson Jauvrin's family. He built a wharf in Portsmouth, not finding one there sufficient for unloading and loading his cargoes. Sept. 12, 1706, he married Eliza- beth Knight, of Portsmouth. They had two sons and two daughters, — John, George, Molly, and Betsey. He was a man of education and ability, and pos- sessed a fine property. He died suddenly in Lisbon, while on one of his voyages. His youngest daugh- ter, Betsey, died young, unmarried. Molly married Thomas Pickering, of Newington. George settled in Newington, and married Abigail Pickering, but died without heirs. John, the eldest son, born in Ports- mouth, July 8, 1707, married Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. Moses Stickney, of Newbury, Mass., Oct. 9, 1751, from whom are descended the remaining Jan- vrins in this country. He received a liberal educa- tion, graduating from Harvard I'niversity in 1728. With his father he visited his grandparents in Isle of Jersey, and received from them valuable presents of silverware, some of which are now preserved in the family. He purchased a farm in Xewington, and • lived there a number of years. He was .schoolmaster at Hampton Falls from 1756 to 1762, and a successful teacher. Finally, in 1770, he purchased two farms in Seabrook, and lived there till his death, which oc- curred Oct. 7, 1780. He left four sons— .John, James, William, and George— and one daughter, Elizabeth. His sons were all farmers, and settled in Seabrook and vicinity. George, the youngest son, bom in Hampton Falls, March 26, 1762, inherited the home- stead, and married Dolly Lovering, of Kensington. Their children were Sally, Dolly, George, Loranv, Ruth, Fanny, Jefferson, Miranda, and Eliza. The youngest son, Jefferson, the subject of this sketch, was born in Seabrook, May 5, 1803. He in- herited the homestead, and in 1840 married Mary ^'^ ^byAHRUcT-a^ ^^-y.-iyz-o '-T^-' 'Si^c cn^-ey fJ-e^v^ li^, oL^^^z-^-t^ HAMPTON FALLS. 347 Wadleigh, of Meredith. Their children are Miranda, Eliza, and George Albert He continued to live in Seabrook till the year 1853, when he purchased a farm in Hampton Falls and erected commodious and substantial buildings. In politics Mr. Janvrin was a Republican, and quite active. At one time or another he held most, if not all, of the town offices, and in 1862-63 he was a mem- ber of the General Assembly of the State. He was earnest, determined, and conscientious in his work. No matter of public interest failed to enlist his atten- tion. Energetic, persevering, economical, judicious, charitable, these were some of the characteristics of the man of whom we write. In his work as a farmer he was among the best and most successful. He was long identified with the Congregational Church. Mrs. Janvrin was a tJniversalist. He left a good name to his family and to the community in which he spent his life. He died Sept. 2, 1879, eight months after the death of his wife, at the age of seventy-six years. His eldest daughter married Henry McDevitt, and has one son, William Henry, eleven years old. Eliza married Joseph T. Sanborn, and has one daughter, Fanny Ward, four years old. George, the youngest child, enlisted in the war of the Rebellion at the age of seventeen. He was wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864, from the effects of which he died at Harewood Hospital, Washington, D. C, June 11th, at the age of eighteen years. JOHN H. GOVE. John H. Gove, son of John Gove, was born in Weare, N. H., May 29, 1813. His father married Hannah, daughter of John Chase, and had children, — Abigail, Squire, Rhoda B., and John H., all born in Weare, N. H. John Gove was a carpenter and joiner by trade, also a farmer. About 1822, when his son John H. was nine years of age, he settled at Lincoln, Addison Co., Vt., when he purchased a farm and resided there some nine years, when he went to Lynn, Mass., and carried on his trade. He was a birthright member of the Society of Friends. He died June 7, 1855, aged eighty-three years. His wife died December, 1843, aged nearly sixty-five years. John H. was reared to habits of industry and so- briety, and these have been among his many virtues since. He settled in Vermont with his parents, and went with them to Lynn, Mass., about 1831. He was a son of a carpenter, and he took up the same busi- ness, and successfully followed it in Lynn and else- where till 1856. He was engaged in building bridges and jobbing, and many are the structures still stand- ing which attest his workmanship. In June, 1856, he settled in Hampton Falls, where he now resides. Since his settlement in Hampton Falls he has been a farmer. He has been twice married,— first to Martha J. Kenyon, of North Providence, R. I., June, 1850. She died Oct. 19, 1853 ; second, to Sarah P., daughter of Moses and Hannah (Dow) Wells, June 25, 1856. She was born March 15, 1819. Of this union one daughter, Sarah A., was born Aug. 11, 1857, in Hamp- ton Falls, N. H., and now resides with her parents. Mr. Gove is a Republican in politics. He has held the various town offices with credit to himself and sat- isfaction to his constituents. His judgment is often sought on various matters, and he is justly considered one of the most careful and prudent men in town. As a citizen, father, husband, and friend few are his equal and none his superiors in Hampton Falls. Mr. and Mrs. Gove are birthright members of the Society of Friends, and their daughter is one by request. He is a descendant of one Edward Gove, who came from England and settled in New England. His grand- father was John Gove, born in Seabrook, married, and had a large family, of whom John, father of John H., was one. Moses Wells, father of Mrs. John H. Gove, was a descendant of one Wells, who settled at Ipswich, Mass., at an early day. One of his descend- ants settled in Hampton Falls in 1771, and became the progenitor of Moses Wells, who in early life was a hotel-keeper, but after his marriage became a farmer. He was born in 1774, and died May 8, 1824. CAPT. LEVI E. LANE. The great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch was Deacon Joshua Lane, a farmer, who lived at Hampton, and whose wife was Bathsheba Robie. They had. sixteen children, one of whom. Deacon Jeremiah Lane, married Mary Sanborn, a daughter of Lieut. Joseph Sanborn. They had five children, as follows : Mary, who married Thomas Berry, of Greenland, and subsequently settled in Pittsfield, N. H. ; Joshua ; Jeremiah, who married, and set- tled in Chichester; Simeon, who also married and settled in Chichester ; and Levi, who settled in Hamp- ton Falls. Deacon Jeremiah Lane seems to have had several occupations, being a farmer, a tailor, and a surveyor. In the latter capacity he laid out several townships. He was an active and useful citizen, and died in 1806, at the age of seventy-four. His wife survived him, living until 1818. Levi Lane was born in Hampton Falls, Feb. 14, 1774, and was a tailor by trade, although he was en- gaged in farming the greater part of his life. He was married in March, 1798, to Anna, daughter of Deacon David Batcheldor, of Hampton Falls, who was born in August, 1775. They had ten children, — Jeremiah, Mary A., Sarah, Emery, Nancy, Rhoda, David E., Abigail B., George G., and Levi E. The three youngest are still living. Mr. Levi Lane and all of his children were born on the farm at Hamp- ton Falls now owned by Wells W. Healey. In 1828 they moved upon the farm where Capt. Lane now resides. In politics he was a Whig, being quite ac- tive, and holding the position of representative in 348 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the Legislature in 1826 and 1827. He was also elected selectman, and was a magistrate for many years. He was a deacon in the Congregational tlhurch, and an active and useful Christian man. He died Nov, 30, L864, aged ninety years and ten months. His wife died in July, 1848. Levi E. Lane was born Feb. 5, 1819. He has always followed the occupation of a farmer, and has been one of the best and tastiest farmers in that sec- tion of the State. His farm is neat and tidy, his buildings in excellent condition, and his land in a high state of cultivation. In addition to a good common-school education, he spent two terms at an academy. Mr. Lane has been twice married. His first wife was Cynthia S., daughter of Dearborn and j Hannah (Merrill) Lane, who was born in Hampton Falls in 1817, and died Oct. 10, 1873. To her he was married in April, 1849. They had one child, a daugh- ter, Annie S., who was born Nov. 20, 1855. She re- ceived a liberal education, and was married June 6, 1877, to Charles F. Wadleigh. She has two children, Mabel F. and Fannie M. His second wife was Ann Elizabeth Carhen, who was born in Queens County, Ireland, July 26, 1839, and came to America in 1851. To her he was married Feb. 9, 1785. Mr. Lane came in possession of the farm where he now resides by paying some obligations to his father's creditors. He has been an active Republican, and held many po- sitions of trust. In 1866-67 he was a member of the Legislature, and served on the Committee on Mili- tary Accounts. He was a selectman for eight years, and township treasurer for two years. He has been active iq the State militia, and has held all of the positions from private to captain, serving in the latter capacity for one year. He is a member of the Uni- tarian Church of Hampton Falls. GEORGE HUBBARD DODGE. George Hubbard Dodge was the son of Dudley, who was the son of Nathaniel Hubbard, who came from 'Weuham, Mass., to Hampton Falls about 1765, and was descended from Richard, who landed at Salem, Mass., in 1629. He was born in 1807, and died Feb. 14, 1862. He was educated at Hampton Academy, and com- menced business as a clothier and farmer. He was one of the founders and building commit- tee of Rockingham Academy in 1834, and from 1834 to 1862 was one of its trustees and its treasurer almost without exception. In 1835 he was one of the building committee of the Baptist meeting-house. In 1835 he married Mary, daughter of Rev. George Keely, of Haverhill, Mass., by whom he had five sons and three daughters. In 1839 was chosen town representative, and filled other town offices. In 1840, was commissioned colonel of New Hamp- shire militia. From 1842 he was merchant and postmaster for sev- eral years. Administrator of the estates of George Fifield, Stephen Dodge, John Porter, and Mrs. John Porter. In 1846 was elected a member of the State Senate. In 1844 he commenced the manufacture of cotton wadding and batting. In 1847 he rebuilt mill, which had been destroyed by fire in August. 1840 to 1856 was clerk of Baptist Church. 1851-54, a director of the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad. 1852-54, president of the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad. In 1853, presented with a valuable cane by the em- ployees pf the Manchester and' Lawrence Railroad. Became an original stockholder of the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad in 1847, and at the time of his decease held eleven hundred and forty shares of its stock, and to his good judgment and active efforts this road is largely indebted for its subsequent pros- perity. In 1854 a member of the Second Constitutional Convention of New Hampshire. In 1852-53 procured an appropriation from the State for a monument to Governor Weare, and was appointed chairman of the committee for its erection. In 1859 chairman of a committee for the repair and improvement of the Baptist meeting-house, and him- self assumed a large part of the expense. About 1860 assumed the presidency of the Weare Bank after it had become financially unsound, and laid plans for its resuscitation, which ill health and death prevented him from perfecting. In politics a Whig and Republican, and a leader in all enterprises in which he enlisted. He was am- bitious, public-spirited, and enterprising. Possessed of tact, energy, and good judgment, he was successful in business, and rarely failed to accomplish his pur- poses. Of large and progressive views and of a char- itable spirit, social and genial in intercourse, he was widely known and highly esteemed. During his ex- tensive business experience he never commenced an action at law, and never was defeated in one com- menced for another. GEORGE DTIDLET DODGE. George Dudley Dodge, eldest child of George Hub- bard and Mary Keely Dodge, born in Hampton Falls, May 4, 1836 ; graduated ftom Rockingham Academy June, 1853 ; entered Brown University September, 1853 ; compelled by a fever and subsequent ill health to discontinue his studies ; spent the summer of 1855 on the coast of Labrador. From 1856 to 1858 en- gaged in trade in Hampton Falls. Fall of 1859, in company with a younger brother, established a busi- GEOEGB D. DODGE. MOSES BATCHELDER. yi^H. ^ HAMPTON FALLS. 349 ness in Savannah, Ga.,in theline'of books, stationery, and fancy goods, and in the winter of 1860 engaged largely in the shipping of apples and potatoes. Spenta month in traveling for their sale, and was in Montgom- ery, Ala., at the time the Provincial Congress of the Con- federacy was in session there ; witnessed thebombard- ment and surrender of Fort Sumter, April 14, 1861, and as a memento of that event now has a thirty-two- pound ball fired from the fort, striking the rebel iron- clad battery. Those balls were called by the South- erners "Anderson's pills." After being forced into the Confederate service, and. receiving news through flag of truce of the fatal illness of his father, he es- caped from Savannah to Charleston ; was advertised as a deserter, and a detective sent for his arrest. Af- ter eleven weeks of effort and six unsuccessful at- tempts to leave on blockade runners, during one of which the steamer ran aground and was shelled, he escaped in a small sloop to Nassau in November, 1862. Spent eight weeks among the Bahama Islands recuperating his health and awaiting news from home, which he finally reached, via New York, in Jan- uary, 1863. He repaired the batting-mill, which had lain idle since the war commenced, and from 1864 to 1877 was engaged during most of the time in the manufacture of cotton batting on the spot where manufacturing was first established by his great- grandfather in 1790. From 1870 to 1872 postmaster and merchant in the village store. In 1872 built a new grist-mill where the old one had stood since the first settlement of the town. In 1866 erected one of the first summer cottages at Hampton Beach, which has since been occupied by his family during a part of each season. Dec. 22, 1864, married Marianna, daughter of Dr. Wm. Laighton, of Portsmouth, by whom he has had four sons and two daughters, of whom three sons and a daughter are now living. In 1851 united with the Baptist Church ibunded by his ancestors in 1828, and has held the position of church clerk for twenty- four years, Sunday-school superintendent thirteen years, and as chairman of the parish committee has employed and entertained most of the pastors and sup- plies since 1863. Inheriting from his ancestors on both sides a nat- ural appetite for tobacco, he commenced its use at the early age of six years, and continued to use it during most of the time for thirty years, to the "great injury of body and mind. Convinced of the sinfulness of the habit, and long disgusted with its filthiness, he forever quit its use in 1872. After having always considered himself a temper- ance man he became a total abstainer in 1872, and having used all kinds of liquors and many kinds of alcoholic bitters as remedial agents, has become con- vinced of the fallacy of their use as medicines, and believes the good time is coming when the physician will no longer prescribe for his patient that which so often "biteth like a serpent and stingeth like an adder." Believing that it is the duty of every thoughtful man to do right and leave all questions of expediency to take care of themselves, he became in 1880 an avowed Prohibitionist, and to his surprise received the nomination of that party for Governor. And it is believed that this nomination received as strong a support as any other would have secured under the circumstances ; for while his name was cut from his party ticket in no instance, there were cases in which it was pasted on both of the other party tickets. Conscientious of holding these views, and fearlessly advocating them, has brought him into conflict with those of his church and denomination who, contrary to the Scriptures, hold to the doctrine of expediency. But the good results of his course are already begin- ning to be seen. Mr. Dodge has published some articles both of prose and verse, and his time is now divided between literary pursuits and manual labor for the benefit of his health. By his mental constitution and tastes Mr. Dodge is better adapted for a profession than for business. His maternal grandfather and four of his uncles were ministers, and it was supposed by some that this would be his vocation, but his ideas of the requirements of this office were so high as to discourage him in this direction. After the relinquishment of his college course he commenced the studj' of medicine, but was compelled by the state of his health to avoid all con- finement and lead a, more active life. But he has al- ways been interested in this direction, and has thus been able to dispense almost entirely with medical at- tendance in his family, and to bring himself from a physical wreck through ignorance of the laws of health to the highest degree of vigor possible with his natural constitution. Mr. Dodge places but little value in the fact that he is able to trace his lineage to titled ancestry on both sides, but considers that the truest nobility con- sists in self-education in all that is highest and best, and a constant advancement in character under the guidance of an enlightened conscience. MOSES AND JOHN T. BATCHELDER. John T. Batchelder (or Bachiler, as the name was formerly spelled), son of Moses and Abigail (Drake) Batchelder, was born on the old Batchelder home- stead, in Hampton Falls, June 1, 1829, where he now resides. He is the seventh in lineal descent from Eev. Stephen Bachiler. (See his history in Hamp- ton.) The line of descent is as follows: John T. (7th), Moses (6th), David (5th), Josiah (4th), Na- thaniel (3d), Nathaniel (2d), Stephen (1st). Na- thaniel (2d) was twice married, and had seventeen children, nine of whom were by his first wife, Deborah Smith, whom he married Dec. 10, 1656. Of these nine children, Nathaniel (3d) was the eldest son, born Oct. 24, 1659, married Elizabeth Foss, and had chil- 350 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. dren, — Nathaniel, Deborah, John, Josiah, Jethro, Nathan, Phineas, and Elizabeth. Mr. Nathaniel (3d) Batchelder settled in Hampton Falls, on the farm now in the possession of John T. Batchelder, about 1689. He died in, 1745, aged eighty-six years. It was his brother Benjamin who owned at one time part of the farm now in the possession of Hon. Warren Brown. Josiah (4th) Batchelder was born 1695, and died in 1759. His wife was Sarah Page, who was born in 1698, and died in 1781. Their children were Josiah, Elisha, Sarah, Nathaniel, Keuben, and David (5th), who was born -in 1736, and died March 11, 1811. David was twice married, first to Sarah Sweatt, and had children, — Sarah, Elisha, Elizabeth, Joshua, and Hannah ; second, to Mary Emery, who was born April- 25, 1741, and died Nov. 26, 1834. Of this marriage the following children were born : Mary, Lydia, Anna and Rhoda (twins), Reuben, Dolly, Moses, and Abigail, all born on the old homestead in Hampton Falls, and all grew to maturity. Moses (6th) Batchelder, born Jan. 8, 1782, and died July 11, 1861. He married Abigail, daughter of Samuel Drake, of Hampton, N. H., Jan. 5, 1809. She was born Sept. 24, 1784, and died Jan. 17, 1872. Their children were Josiah, Mary, Samuel, Aaron, Nancy, Moses E., Elizabeth, and John T. Moses Batchelder was an honest, industrious, and prudent farmer, as were his ancestors. In religion he and wife were members of the Congregational Church. In politics a Whig and Republican. He held the several town offices, and was also member of the State Legislature. He was a good man, and was be- loved by all. John T. (7th) received a common-school education. Being the youngest of the family he became the home boy, hence did not have the advantages for an educa- tion that many had. He has, however, a. large fund of historical information, as he has always been a student of history. He married Emma, daughter of Horace Miles and Seviah Davis, of Patton, Me., July 18, 1872. She was born Aug. 13, 1845. Their children are five in number, — Nathaniel M., Alice G., Abbie E., Mary A., and Sarah L., all born on the same farm where their ancestor, Nathaniel, of the third generation, set- tled in 1689. Mr. and Mrs. Batchelder are members of the Congregational Church. For several generations his ancestors were deacons of the same church, and were God-fearing men, and inherited from their first ancestor. Rev. Stephen Bachiler, many of those qual- ities of head and heart that go to make up the true man. Mr. John T. Batchelder is one of the largest far- mers in town, a man in the prime of life, of powerful build, strong constitution, untiring energy, and is a man of generous impulses. He employs several men on the farm and in his saw- and grist-mills, and has dealt more or less extensively in wood and timber. In the month of January, 1878, he came very near losing his life while engaged with his men (Messrs. Sammy Batchelder, nephew of hi.s, and White, Wilson, Oliver, and Wright) in getting hay from the salt marsh known as " Great Neck," or Nudd's Island. They were caught by one of the severest storms and highest tides that ever visited this coast, and were in several feet of water more than six hours in the month of January, surrounded only by Egyptian darkness. All ,of this brave band, save Oliver Wright, who wandered off" in search of home, lived to return to their families and friends. So severe was the night that the only horse they had with them perished. The violence of the storm kept quite a number of the people awake, grateful for shelter, and expressing sympathy for any possibly exposed to its fury, little thinking that some of their own citizens were suffer- ing so much at so little a distance ; but daylight came at last, and this " Spartan band" made their way home- ward. EMERY BATCHELDER. Emery Batchelder was born in Hampton Falls, N. H., Sept. 18, 1812. His father was Reuben, son of David Batchelder, and was born in Hampton Falls, May 11, 1777, and died March, 1868. Reuben mar- ried Betsey Tilton, and had children, — David, Lucy, Emery, Rhoda, Dolly, John, and Nathaniel, all born in Hampton Falls on the farm now in the possession of John Batchelder. Jlr. Batchelder was a farmer by occupation, a deacon of the Congregational Church, and a Whig and Republican in politics. He held the various town offices. His wife died Nov. 30, 1857, aged seventy-five. Emery Batchelder' (Reuben*, David^ Josiah*, Na- thanieP, NathanieP, Stephen^) received a limited education. He was reared a farmer, which honor- able business he has followed till the present time. He owns a portion of the old home-farm in Hampton Falls. He is a Republican, and as such has been selectman two years, and member of the State Legis- lature in 1868-69. He united with the Congregational Church at Hampton Falls and Seabrook about 1843, being about thirty years of age. He has been a deacon of the same for many years. For several generations* his ancestors were deacons, and one of their main characteristics was their devotion to the church. (See history of Rev. Stephen Bachiler.) Mr. Emery Batchelder is a trustee of the Dearborn Academy at Seabrook, N. H., and was its treasurer some ten years, or till failing health — blindness — compelled him to resign. He married Dorothy A., daughter of Simon N. Dearborn, of Hampton, N. H. (See Dearborn, History Hampton.) She was born Sept. 23, 1817. Their children are Charles E., who died at thirty- four; Annah E., wife of Homer B. Cram, of Ames- ubry, Mass.; John A., resides in Iowa; Ellen P. (Mrs. Irving H. Lamprey, of Charlestown, Mass.); Abby C, wife of Cyrus L. Brown, Pittsfield, N. H. ; David F. and Mary L., at home. EMEKY liATCHELDER. ■lArtyi ^^(A7u^, T. M. PRESCOTT. ^2^^.^^-*:^ ^(^^?C-^ HAMPTON FALLS. 351 DAVID H. ELKINS. Henry Elkins was a tailor in Boston, and was ad- mitted a freeman in 1685. He removed to Exeter about 1637 to 1640* thence settled in Hampton about 1647. He and bis family lived on a part of the Toppan farm. His wife Mary died Jan. 17, 1659, and he died Sept. 19, 1668. His inventory was forty- three pounds, appraised by Godfrey Dearborn and Giles Fuller. He left two sons, — Gershom, who was administrator of the estate, and Eliza, who settled in Exeter. Gershom Elkins married Mary, daughter of Thomas Sleeper, 'March 15, 1667. Their children were Jonathan, born Nov. 24, 1668 ; Moses, born Oct. 4, 1670; Mary, born July 2, 1674; Joanna, born Jan. 24, 1677, died a maiden Jan. 12, 1762 ; Henry, killed by the Indians at Kingston, Sept. 17, 1707;. Samuel, married Mary Tilton, Feb. 5, 1706 ; Thomas, born 1682, died in 1760. One or more of the last three children may have been children of Eliezer Elkins, his brother. Gershom Elkins was a representative of Hampton in 1708. Nov. 26, 1706, was chosen deacon. He lived in the garden of E. W. Toppan, deceased. His will is dated June 9, 1714, and proved March 5, 1718, Thomas Elkins, executor. Inventory, £555 8s. 6rf., Feb. 28, 1718. Eliezer Elkins, son of Henry, married Deborah, daughter of Jasper Blake, Dec. 31, 1673. He was at Exeter in 1683, when he signed Weare's petition. This is all we know of him. David H. Elkins, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, was a son of David B. Elkins and Mary Batohelder, and was born in the town of Hampton, N. H.. June 5, 1831. His father was a farmer, and he was reared to industry and economy. At twenty- one years of age, in 1852, he went to Woburn, Mass., where he worked at the carpenter's trade two years, thence to Milton, Mass., and worked for one John H. Burt three years. Sept. 18, 1856, he married Mary E., daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Green) White, of Phillipston, Mass. She was born Jan. ,22, 1836. Her father was a farmer, and died March 26, 1870, aged sixty-six years. Mr. and Mrs. Elkins have eight children,— Mary A. (died at six), Benjamin W., David H., Lizzie E., Albert W., Mattie L. (deceas'ed), John W., Herbert G. All were born in Milton, Mass., except the eldest. Soon after his marriage in 1856, Mr. Elkins re- turned to his native town of Hampton, N. H., and was here engaged as a farmer three years, when he moved back to Milton, Mass., and there devoted his energies to his trade. He was a successful con- tractor and builder till his death, Dec. 16, 1874. He spent the winter of 1869-70 in South Carolina for his health. In politics he was a Republican. Mr. and Mrs. Elkins were members of the Congregational Church at Hampton, N. H. He died at Milton, where he was buried. He was respected at home and abroad, and his memory is cherished by his family. His family continued to reside in Milton till Deo. 11, 1880, when they settled in Hampton Falls, where they now reside. TRUE M. PEESCOTT. True M. Prescott is the sixth in lineal descent from James Prescott, who came originally from England, and settled at Hampton Falls, near where now stands the Unitarian Church. The line of descent is as fol- lows : True M.^ ( James^, James*, Elisha', James', James'). James Prescott, grandfather of True M., was captain of a company in the Revolutionary war, and was in the battles of Saratoga and Stillwater. The sword he wore in those engagements is still in possession of the family. He married Sarah Lane ; they had two sons and seven daughters. The sons were named Simon and James. He was by occupa- tion a farmer, and lived to the ripe old age of ninety- four, dying September, 1830. He was a devout man and a deacon in the Congregational Church. James, his youngest son, was born Oct. 8. 1779. He married Margaret Babb, daughter of James Babb, of Epsom, by whom he had three children, — True M., Lucy M. (wife of Aaron Prescott), Eliza (wife of Emory Stevens, of Eppingham). Mrs. Prescott died February, 1830. He married for his second wife Sarah Sanborn. (See Sanborn history.) Mr. Prescott was a member of Congregational Church; was by occupation a farmer and shoemaker, and in politics a Federalist and Whig. He was a good farmer, indus- trious, prudent, and frugal. He died Oct. 16, 1859, aged eighty years. True M., whose portrait accompanies this sketch, was born March 19, 1804; he received a common- school education, working on the farm eight months in the year, and attending school four months. He was brought up on the farm, and farming has been his life's work. In connection with this occupation he was, however, engaged in shipping milk to Boston thirteen years. His wife is Sarah M., daughter of Joshua Pike, of Hampton Falls. She was born July 5, 1808. They have two children, — Harriet A. M. and Warren J. In politics Mr. Prescott is a stanch Republican, and in religion a Unitarian, of which church he has been a member over thirty-five years. He has been select- man of his town five years, and has held all important town offices. He is now a remarkably hale and active man for his years, and bids fair to enjoy yet many years of life. Warren J. Prescott was born April 4, 1842. He received the advantages of the schools of his neigh- borhood, and also one term at Rockingham Academy. He engaged in express business in 1861 between Hampton Falls and Boston, and continued two years, and three years following he followed the same business between Amesbury and Boston. In 1875 he began the floral business in a small way at first, but it has now developed into an extepsive busi- 352 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ness. Over five hundred different varieties of plants and flowers may be seen in his well-appointed green- houses, and his patronage extends to all adjacent towns. He is also engaged in farming, market- gardening, and intends to add pickling to his already •extensive business. He married, Jan. 17, 1864, La- vina F. Hoyt. They have two children, — Edwin J., born Aug. 27, 1865, and Nellie L., born May 7, 1868. He is a Republican in politics. CALEB T. SANBORN AND SAMUEL MELCHEU. Caleb T. Sanborn was born in Kensington, N. H., June 13, 1797, and was the son of Hilliard Sanborn, and the grandson of Richard Sanborn. The wife of Richard Sanborn was Eliza Hilliard. Hilliard San- born was born in Kensington, and lived to be seventy- one years of age. He was a carpenter by trade. He married Sarah Tilton, a daughter of Caleb Tilton, and had five children, the third of whom was the Caleb T. Sanborn mentioned above. The latter served with honor in the war of 1812, although only about fifteen years of age, and his widow receives a pension from the government. The greater part of his life was spent upon the farm where he died July 3, 1842, his parents having located there when he was but six months of age. His father was a carpenter, and he followed that occupation in connection with farming all through life. He married Polly M., the daughter of Joseph and Mary (Eowell) Melcher, of Hampton Falls, who was born Dec. 15, 1798. They were mar- ried April 20, 1824. Their children were George W., born Jan. 8, 1825; Eliza S., born Jan. 6, 1827 ; Mary H., born April 5, 1830; Hiram E., born May 7, 1834 (died March 20, 1856) ; and Martha J., born Sept. 10, 1840. Mary H. Melcher became the wife of David C. Hawes, of New Bedford, Mass., and bore six chil- dren. Their names are Levi M., David E., Frank S., Samuel C, Henry W., and Mary A. Mr. and Mrs. Hawes are living (in 18S2) upon the identical farm in Hampton Falls which has been in the family during seven generations. Samuel Melcher, who was a son of Joseph and Mary (Rowell) Melcher, and a brother of Mrs. Caleb T. Sanborn, was born in Hampton Falls, June 30, 1810, and died in September, 1860. He was an active, influential citizen, being a stock dealer by occupation. In politics he was a Democrat. He held the position of selectman for a time. After the death of his brother-in-law, he took a deep interest in the family and was of very material assistance to them in the years before the children had attained to manhood. At his death his property fell in equal portions to the children for whom he had so long cared. The three direct ancestors of Joseph Jlelcher were all named Samuel. The family have been quite noted for their longevity, many of them attaining to a great age. Mr. Joseph Melcher was a farmer and stock dealer during his lifetime. He was a member of the Baptist Church, and au honorable and exemplary citizen. He lived to be quite aged, dying about 1853. THE ROBIE FAMILY. Col. Ichabod Eobie was among the early settlers of the town. His grandfather, Henry Robie, came from England to Dorchester, Mass., in 1639, and settled in Exeter, N. H., the same year. He was one of the selectmen in 1650, and removed to Hampton, a.d. 1655. He died in 1688, aged eighty-nine years. John, sou of Henry, moved to Haverhill, Mass., A.D. 1674, and built a house there in 1675. He was killed by Indians June 16, 1691, aged forty-five years. His sonTchabod, a lad eleven years of age, who wit- nessed the killing of his father, was taken prisoner, but afterwards escaped, went to Dover, N. H., learned the trade of a tanner, and in 1703 settled in Hampton Falls. He died Aug. 10, a.d. 1753, aged seventy- three years. Henry, son of Ichabod, was born in 1714, was a farmer and tanner. He held various town ofiices, was a justice of the peace and surveyor of land. He was one of the committee who built the Seabrook meeting-house, which was raised April 17, A.D. 1764. He died April 26, 1807, aged ninety-three years. Nathan, son of Henry, succeeded his father on the farm and in the tannery. He died Sept. 25, 1842, aged eighty-four years. Henry, son of Nathan, born Sept. 24, 1797, lived on the old homestead, and died Feb. 15, a.d. 1874, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. Nathan Henry, son of Heury, born July 11, A.D. 1835, owns and occupies the old homestead on which Col. Ichabod settled in 1703. He is an auctioneer and conveyancer. CHAPTER LII. KENSINGTON.! Early History, etc, — Kensington is a small town, ab6ut eight miles to the west of the sea-coast in Hampton, about forty-five miles from Concord, and forty-two from Boston. More liills are noticed on the geological map in this than any other town in the vicinity. Moulton's Ridge, Martin's Hill, Gove's Hill, Ward's Hill, Newfound Hill, Round Hill, Horse Hill, Connor's Hill, and Hoosar Hill are mentioned. The Muddy Pond is situated in a swamp, and con- tains only a few acres. The brooks seek the ocean by the Piscataqua, Hampton River, and the Merri- mac. From the hills the visitor may have fine views of the ocean on the one side and fine views of the mountains on the other, while, when the atmosphere ' By George Osgood. SAMUEL MELCHEB. KENSINGTON. 353 is very clear, the White Mountains are visible. The breezes, as they come from the sea or the mountains, are so clear and invigorating that they make the location remarkably healthy. From the reports of the deaths in this town for the years 1880 and 1881, the average length of life was nearly seventy years. Summer visitors who like beautiful scenery, pure and bracing air, and retirement from the noise and dust of the city here find rest, enjoyment, and strength. The town has a great variety of soils, from the grassy meadows and sandy plains to the large swells of rich land which are well adapted to agriculture. Grass, corn, potatoes, apples, beef, pork, butter, and milk are among the productions. Most of the people are farmers, though some are mechanics, especially those engaged in shoemaking. The markets are very convenient, not only in this vicinity but also by the railroads to the larger cities. The first settlement in Kensington is said to have been made by Stephen Green near Green's Brook, about a mile to the south of the meeting-house. When the first house was built, it is said that there was not another dwelling between it and Canada except the wigwams of the savages. People used a ladder, it is said, to enter the house, and at night drew in the ladder to prevent the intrusion of the Indians. Tradition tells us how the Indians were seen sitting on the logs in the clearing, how a large dog stood at the window with his paws on a savage who was trying to enter, and how the Indians when kindly treated manifested their pleasure and grati- tude. The Greens, who lived here, were Quakers ; and John G. Whittier, the distinguished poet, thinks that his ancestor, Thomas Whittier, married Euth Green, of this place. The spring brook as it winds along the beautiful valley, the Quaker graveyard, and the surrounding bills and groves remind us of those quiet and cheerful Friends who, after the trials and persecutions of their sect, were glad to find this home of peace and rest. Of the trials and sufferings of the Quakers, which give some of the saddest pages in our colonial history, we need not speak, as they were before the'incorpora- tion of this town and belong to the history of Hamp- ton. The witchcraft delusion had passed away, though some of the earlier inhabitants of this town were not free from the spirit of the age, which condemned those who suffered death as witches. Stories are told of ani- mals and men who were under supernatural influences, and of the two-lock chest, containing the implements of the black art, while Johannah, Kate, and Euth were supposed to be in league with the devil. Events which were strange and eccentric were attributed to witch- craft, while shrewd and artful women were proud of their superior power and insight. The savages, since Lovell's fight at Pequakett, in 1725, were not trouble- some in this region, though rangers and scouting par- ties were sent to the interior, while bands of French and Indians troubled settlements near the frontier. 23 Hampton Falls was set off from Hampton in 1712 as the West Parish. In 1732 an attempt was made to form a pariah from the west part of Hampton Falls and the east of Kingston, but the plan did not succeed. In October, 1734, the Eev. Joseph Whipple was authorized, in connebtion with the people, to employ a minister to preach four months during the winter season, thus forming what was called a winter parish. In 1735 a similar arrangement was made. It was proposed in the Hampton Falls parish meeting to ex- cuse the people in the upper part of the parish from the ministerial tax, in order that they might employ a minister themselves. In 1736 the same proposition was renewed, but there is no record of any action on the subject. Kensington was incorporated in 1837. By the Governor and General Assembly, John Weare, Ezekiel Dow,- and Joseph Wadleigh were appointed to call the first parish-meeting in Kensing- ton. April 18, 1737. At a legal meeting of the parish in Kensington, Eichard Sanborn was chosen moder- ator; Ezekiel Dow, clerk; and Jonathan Prescott, John Weare, and James Perkins, selectmen. June 18, 1737. The parish voted to call Jeremiah Fogg as the minister of Kensington. At a meeting of the parish Oct. 10, 1737, it was voted that the fourth Wednesday of October be the day to ordain Mr. Fogg. John Bachelder, James Fogg, Abraham Moulton, John Weare, Ebenezer Brown, Moses Blake, Samuel Page, and Eobert Eow were the committee to make the arrangements for the ordination. Oct. 4, 1737. Fifty-seven members were dismissed from the church in Hampton Falls to incorporate the church in Kensington. October 7th; The church in Hampton voted to dis- miss Mr. Jeremiah Fogg, ye pastor elect, Edward Tucke and wife, Edward Lock, Hannah Shaw, the wife of Joseph Shaw, widow Sarah Bachelder, and Abigail Cram, the wife of Benjamin Cram, to be em- bodied into a church state in the third parish of this town. Attest, Ward Cotton, pastor. The several members having been dismissed from their respective churches requested some of the neigh- boring ministers to join with them in keeping a day of fasting and prayer, to organize them into a church state in this place. Accordingly, October 6th, the following gentlemen assisted in the meeting: the Eev. Ward Cotton, of Hampton, began with prayer ; the Eev. John Odlin, of Exeter, preached from Isaiah Ivi. 6 : " And taketh hold of my covenant." The Eev. Joseph Whipple, of Hampton Falls, then propounded to those to be organized the church covenant. November 23d. Mr. Fogg was ordained. The Eev. Joseph Whipple, of Hampton Falls, preached the sermon, while the neighboring churches were doubt- 354 HISTOEY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. less well represented by the ministers and deacons as witnesses and delegates. The Rev. Jeremiah Fogg, the son of Seth and Sarah (Shaw) Fogg, was born in Hampton, May 29, 1712; graduated at Harvard College in 1713 ; studied theology with the Rev. Joseph Whipple, of Hampton Falls ; preached in Kensington more than fifty-two years. He solemnized four hundred and two mar- riages, and baptized twelve hundred and thirty-five persons. In the latter part of his ministry complaints were made against the soundness of his doctrines. The Congregationalist ministers in his time were divided into Calvinists and Arminians, and he was ranked with the latter class. The Arminians gradually de- parted from the Calvinistic system, and forbore to urge its tenets. They omitted to press the Athana- siau creed, or to use the Trinitarian doxology, but preferred Scripture expressions on these disputed points. They did not insist as a preliminary to the or- dination of a young man to the Christian ministry on his professing a belief in the Trinity, or of the five points of Calvinism. "The Rev. Jeremiah Fogg," says Bradford, " was ranked with the Arminians, — with the Rev. Drs. Samuel Webster, of Salisbury, Thomas Barnard, of Salem, John Tucker, of New- bury, William Symmes, of Andover, Henry Cum- mings, of Billerica, and the Rev. Messrs. Edward Barnard, of Haverhill, Thomas Carey, of Newbury- port, Ebenezer Thayer, of Hampton, and William Balch, of Bradford. There had been some opposition to his doctrines for some years, and a council met Jan. 20, 1789, which did not result in his dismissal. The second council met at the house of Newell Healey, July 7, 1789, and advised the Rev. Mr. Fogg to leave the ministry. Of this council the Rev. Samuel McClintock, D.D., of Greenland, was moderator; Rev. Joseph Dana, of Newburyport, scribe ; S. Marsh, Esq., assistant scribe. Mr. Fogg did not appear before the council, but a remonstrance was offered in behalf o.f the church, signed by Caleb Shaw, John Lane, Winthrop Rowe, Dea. Pave, and E. Potter. Sept. 21, 1789. The parish, by a vote of fifty-three to fifty, voted to dismiss Mr. Fogg. Nov. 2, 1789. The parish voted to give the Rev. Jeremiah Fogg the sum of fifteen pounds, and to de- liver him at his house five cords of good hard wood during his natural life, while he gave up his minis- terial and pastoral relation to the town and the church. Within a month after this transaction he died after a short sickness, Dec. 1, 1789, aged about seventy- eight. He was known in the vicinity as an effective and popular preacher, while for years his friends re- membered him with great interest and respect. He was distinguished for his wit and humor, and used expressions which were too strong and startling for the more serious-minded of his people. Once, when dining with some clerical friends, he found the pud- ding too hot, and put a small piece in his pocket. Some one said, " What! pocketing pudding, Brother Fogg?" He replied, " Oh, I thought I would save a piece till after dinner to light my pipe !" The council that dismissed him charged him with saying that " No man has a right to believe anything in religion which he cannot fully comprehend." The sentiments contained in this article we conceive to be unjust, for every dictate of reason and Revelation teaches us the existence of the Deity, but who can fully comprehend him? Some conceive the doctrine of the trinity to be a clear doctrine of Revelation, yet no man pretends fully to comprehend it. — Report of Ecclesiastical Council. From a letter which he wrote to the council held in January we may form some idea of Mr. Fogg and i of the nature of the controversy. He' says, "Rea- son, that divine mark of distinction in human na- ture, was given us by the same Being who gave us the Scriptures, and I have ever made it my practice to exercise it in reconciling the more difficult pas- j sages in the sacred writings ; and whenever I find I gentlemen of education and abilities, 1 find an incli- ! nation as well as a duty to converse freely on subjects of controversy, that all may be the better established in ye religion of Christ.'' From what we can learn from the old records and from verbal traditions, especially from those who lived at the time of the controversy, we must con- clude that personal prejudices and passions, as well as doctrinal differences, contributed to the removal of the minister who for more than fifty years had the love, confidence, and respect of the best families in the parish. After the death of Mr. Fogg the parish heard sev- eral candidates, of whom Mr. Jonathan Osgood and Mr. Peter Coffin were invited to settle, but both de- clined. November, 1792, Mr. Naphtali Shaw was invited to become the minister of the parish. Mr. Shaw was ordained Jan. 30, 1793, and after a ministry of nearly twenty y&rs was dismissed April 20, 1812. Rev. Naphtali Shaw was born in Bridgewater, Mass., June 20, 1764. He worked at shoemaking until he was twenty-one, graduated at Dartmouth College in 1790, married the daughter of Dr. Craft, and died in Bradford, Vt., at the age of ninety. After leaving Kensington, he became a farmer in Bradford, Vt. On his visit to Kensington he refused to preach, but seemed glad to meet his former friends, who regarded him with great interest and respect. His letter of resignation was written in an excellent spirit, and manifests the wisdom and goodness of his life. From what we can learn of his character, it seems evident that his removal was a great loiss to the town. Since he left, the loss of a good pastor, who had the love, confidence, and esteem of all the families in the parish, has been sadlv felt. KENSINGTON. 355 June 13, 1813, Rev. Nathaniel Kennedy was in- stalled in Kensington. He was dismissed July 1, 1816. " Rev. Nathaniel Kennedy was a native of Ireland, educated in Glasgow, Scotland ; was ordained in Ktchfield, Conn. ; was installed in Litchiield, N. H., April 12, 1809. He resided in Philadelphia as n teacher, where he died in 1843-44. From what we can learn the people were not well united in his min- istry, and had not perfect confidence in his character. In April, 1822, Joseph Augustus Long was or- dained as an evangelist in Kensington, but preached only a year. Mr. Long was the son of Nathan Long, of Amesbury, Mass., graduated at Harvard College in 1818, graduated at the Cambridge Divinity School, was settled in Hookset, N. H., where he died. For a number of years Kensington had no settled minister, though quite a number supplied the pulpit a part of the year. Rev. Mr. Barrett, Rev. Mr. Whit- ing, Rev. Peter Holt, Rev. Hosea Hildreth, Rev. Mo- ses Downs, Rev. Stephen Farley and others may be remembered. Dec. 22, 1841, the Rev. Jacob Caldwell was ordained in Kensington over the Unitarian Societies in Ken- sington and Hampton Falls. The Rev. Andrew P. Peabody, of Portsmouth, preached the sermon. Dur- ing Mr. Caldwell's ministry the parish was in excel- lent condition. The Rev. Jacob Caldwell was born in Lunenburg, Mass., graduated at Harvard College in 1828, studied theology in the Cambridge Divinity School, taught the academj' in Farmingham, Mass., preached in Calais and Standish, Me., and now resides in Newton, Mass. Professor George Caldwell, in the Department of Chemistry in Cornell University, is his only son. Rev. Increase Sumner Lincoln, who was born in Warren, Ma.ss., and graduated at Yale College, was installed at Hampton Falls over the churches in Kensington and Hampton Falls in 1848. The Rev. Thomas T. Stone, of Salem, preached the sermon of installation. Mr. Lincoln resided in Kensington, and resigned in 1851. Since then he has preached in Rowe, Mass., Warnick, Mass., and other places, and of late years in Wilton, N. H., where he now resides, at the age of eighty-three. The Rev. A. M. Bridge succeeded Mr. Lincoln in 1851, but resided in Hampton Falls. Mr. Bridge was born in Lancaster, Mass., studied theology at the Cambridge Divinity School, was ordained in Norton, Mass., was settled in Standish, Me., and Bernardston, Mass., and died in Marshfield, Mass., very much la- mented, in December, 1865, but was buried in Hamp- ton Falls, beside the Rev. Samuel Langdon, D.D. The Universalists.— For many years the Univer- salists have had occasional preaching in town, and quite a number of people have professed to belong to that denomination. In 1864 the Rev. Rowland Connor, who was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., and edu- cated at the Theological Seminary in Canton, N. Y., was ordained over the Universalist Societies of Ken- sington and Kingston. Mr. Connor was settled over the Universalist Church in Concord, N. H., and as a colleague to the Rev. Dr. Miner, in Boston. He is now preaching in East Saginaw, Mich. He was a very popular preacher, and interested the people out as well as in the pulpit. The Rev. Willis Bradley, of Brewster, Ma.ss., was installed in Kensington, Mass., in 1866, over the Universalist Societies in Kensington and Kingston, but after remaining a year removed to Ayer's village, Haverhill, Mass., and is now in Brewster, jMass. Since the removal of Mr. Willis the society has had different preachers, among whom the Rev. Lemuel Willis, of Warner, and the Rev. Willard Spaulding, of Peabody, Mass., are remembered with great interest and respect. The First Congreg'ational Church was formed in May, 1859. After hearing various preachers, the Rev. George Campbell, of Bradford, Mass., was employed for a year or two. Mr. Campbell was a graduate of Union College, and a classmate of the Hon. W. H. Seward, and was a gentleman of superior culture and ability, and highly esteemed by his friends. He died in Bradford, Mass. In 1862 the Rev. E. D. Eldredge, of Alton, N. H., took charge of the church, but was not installed until June 30, 1864. He was dismissed in January, 1875, and died in Georgia, April 18, 1876. He and his wife are buried in Hampton, N. H. Rev. Erasmus Darwin Eldredge, tlie sou of Dr. Micah and Sally (Buttrick) Eldredge, was born in Dunstable, Mass., March 10, 1804, graduated at the Andover Theological Seminary, taught in Pepperell, Mass., and Pembroke, N. H., was ordained in Hamp- ton, N. H., April 4, 1838, and dismissed May 7, 1848, installed at Salisbury, N. H., June 12, 1848, and dis- missed Nov. 1, 1854. From Salisbury he went to Georgia, and taught and preached in Monticello and Milledgeville. He was installed in Alton, N. H., Jan. 4, 1861, and removed to Kensington in 1862, where he preached about thirteen years. He easily gained the sympathy, confidence, and love of the people, and to an eminent degree that wonderful apostolic gift of being all things to all men. He married Isabella Hill, of Portsmouth, N. H., by whom he had one daughter and two sons. Mary, his daughter, married the Rev. Dr. Lane, of Georgia, who was a chaplain in the Con- federate army. Though born in Hampton, lier sym- pathies were with the South, more especially as Sherman's soldiers, on their " march to the sea," fed bountifully on her chickens. His son, the Rev. Henry E. Eldredge, was born in Hampton, graduated at Am- herst College, studied theology at Hartford, Conn., or- dained in Becket, Mass., settled in Weymouth, Mass., Blood Brook, at South Deerfield, Mass., Turner's Falls, Mass., where he now resides. His youngest son, Fred- eric E. Eldredge, was born in Salisbury, N. H., grad- uated at the New Hampshire Agricultural College in 356 HISTOKY OP KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Hanover, has taught school several years in New Eng- land, and is now a teacher in Washington Territory. The Christian Baptists. — Elder Elijah Shaw, the son of Elijah and Deborah (Nudd) Shaw, was born in Kensington, Dec. 19, 1793, was ordained in Ken- sington, March 31, 1814, and died in Fall Eiver, Mass., May 5, 1851. Portland, Me., Franklin, N. H., Exeter, N. H. (where he edited the Christian Herald), and Fall Eiver, Mass., and many other places in' New England, New York, and the West, were the fields in which he labored in the ministry. He regretted that he had not the advantages of early education, yet by reading, traveling, and visiting he must have gained much knowledge of the world and of human nature which was valuable to him as an editor and a preacher. He used to say, " I never feel satisfied to leave the people of my congregation just where I found them, for I want evidence that an impression of good is made on their minds." He had the confidence and sympathy of the Christian denomination, and will long be remembered by a large circle of friends as a true, faithful, and earnest man. Elder Julius 0. Blodgett, the son of Edward Blodgett, was born in Franklin, N. H., Sept. 6, 1806, was ordained in Sanbornton, N. H., June 20, 183,1. He preached in Newton, Franklin, Exeter, Kensing- ton, and other -places, and at one time was one of the editors of the Christian Herald. He spoke with great energy and force, and was quite an eflective preacher. He preached about fifty years, and died in Kensington, Nov. 26, 1878, aged seventy-two. He had excellent colloquial powers, a taste for literary studies, and was interested in the education of his children. Elder Daniel Prescott Pike, the son of Sewell and Mary (Prescott) Pike, was born in Hampton Falls, March 1, 1815, but moved to Kensington when he was about a year old. He was educated at Pfiillips' Acad- emy in Exeter, taught school several years, and was ordained in the dliristian Chapel at Hampton Falls, July 5, 1837. After preaching in various places he moved to Newburyport, where for many years he has been distinguished as an earnestand popular preacher. At one after a revival he baptized ninety-five persons in the Merrimac. He was editor of the Christian Herald for years, a member of Gen. Gardner's Council, and deputy collector in the custom-house. As a bold and earnest reformer he has done much to restore the vicious and intemperate to sobriety and virtue. The Eev. F.. D. Chandler moved to Kensington in 1875, and was installed over the church March 9, 1876, and dismissed May 28, 1880. Mr. Chandler was a native of Vermont, was educated at the Methodist Theological School in Concord, N. H. ; preached in various Methodist Churches ; joined the Congrega- tionalists; was settled over the Congregationalist Church in Hampton. From Kensington he went to Alton, and, from Alton he removed to the West. He was a very active and earnest man, and tried very hard to build up the church. The Eev. Philip Titcomb was born in Newburyport, Mass., graduated at Yale College, studied theology in Andover, has preached in Cherryfield, Me., Kenne- bunkport. Me., in the West, and at Plympton, Mass., came to Kensington, where he now resides. Elder David Murray, the son of David Murray, was born in New™3,rket, N. H., and ordained in the Christian Chapel at Kensington, Sept. 17, 1867. After preaching a year or two he left and preached in Northampton and other places, and now resides in Manchester, N. H. Since the removal of Elder Murray there has been no settled minister in the Christian Church, though meetings have been held for a part of the year or oc- casionally. Quakers. — There were quite a number of families of Quakers in the town who belonged to the meeting in Seabrook, though we do not learn that they often held meetings in Kensington, or that any one of their number was an approved minister. In 1761 the parish voted that the third selectman should be a Quaker, and for many years Jonathan Purington held that ofl5ce. In 1776 the Quakers refused to sign the test act, but most probably not because they were loyalists, but because their ideas of the Christian re- ligion would not permit them to bear arms. Some people doubtless joined the Quakers, as that was the only way by which they could avoid paying parish rates. Elihu Chase, who gave the land for the meet- ing-house and graveyard, was disappointed because he could not have a desirable pew, and joined the Quakers, though he was friendly to Mr. Fogg, and made him presents after he had left the meeting. Some doubtless were the descendants of families who had lived and suffered in the persecutions of Quakers in this country and England, and from the journals of the early Friends, and from the ministers who visited their meetings and their homes, learned the principles and the spirit of their religion. While the plain dress and the plain language of the Quakers may not often be found among us, yet their principles are seen not only in their descendants, but among people of other denominations. The spirit of truth and righteousness, of order and temperance, of sim- plicity and beauty, of kindness and love, which in- spired the lives of the early Friends, has not lost its influence on society. The first meeting-house was built on the west side of the brook, near Charles E. Tuck's, but was taken down and removed to some place nearer the centre of the town. The land for the meeting-house was given by Elihu Chase, but as a pew was not reserved for him he left the parish and joined the Friends. May 12 1771, being the last Sunday in the meeting-house, the Eev. Jeremiah Fogg preached, the CXXVI Psalm, " We wept when we remembered Zion." The second meeting-house was built in 1771 on the same spot. Ez'ekiel Worthen, Jonathan Brown, Moses Shaw, and Ebenezer Lovering were the build- KENSINGTON. 357 ing committee. The plan was made by Ezekiel Worthen. This house was taken down Saturday, March 28, 1846. The present town-house, which was built from its timbers, was placed on the same spot in August, 1846. The first Christian (Baptist) meeting-house was a plain, unpainted structure, without pews or pulpit, and is now the dwelling-house of Jeremiah Dow. The Second Christian (Baptist) meeting-house was built on the place of the first in 1838. Elder David Millard, one of the most distinguished ministers of the denomination, preached the dedication sermon. The Union meeting-house was built in 1839, on the old meeting-house lot, by the Unitarians, Univer- salists, and Congregationalists. It was dedicated in the morning by the Unitarians, when the Rev. An- drew P. Peabody, of Portsmouth, preached the ser- mon. In the afternoon it was dedicated by the Uni- versalists, when the Rev. Mr. Bacon, of Providence, preached the sermon. The bell was given by Asa Gove and Emory Brown. The Congregational Church was built on a lot to the north of the town-house in 1865, and dedicated March 28, 1866. The Rev. E. D. Eldredge preached the sermon. The bell was given by John Locke, of New York. He came to Kensington in 1822, where he died Aug. 10, 1845, aged sixty-three. He married Elizabeth Fogg, and had two daughters and three sons. He was interested in agriculture and moral reforms, and in literary studies. The only work which he left in print was an oration, delivered July 4, 1810, in the Rocky Hill Church, at Salisbury, Mass. CHAPTER LIII. KENSINSTON.— (CoiKiiiMetZ.) Physicians — Military, E1:c. Physicians. — Dr. Benjamin Rowe, the son of Rob- ert Rows, was born Oct. 8, 1719, and died March 28, 1790. He died of the dropsy, was tapped sixty-seven times, and two thousand three hundred and eighty- five pounds of water were drawn from his body. Dr. Benjamin Rowe, the son of Dr. Benjamin Rowe, was baptized July 22, 1750, and died on Nov. 7, 1818. He was an assistant surgeon in the army. Dr.' Jabez Dow, the son of Nathan and Elizabeth (Bachelder) Dow, was born Jan. 24, 1776. He moved to Dover, N. H., where he died Jan. 9, 1839. Dr. Jonathan French, a native of East Kingston, was a physician in Kensington a few years. Dr. Jeremiah Dow, the son of Benjamin Dow, graduated at the Medical School in Hanover in 1825, practiced a short time in Kensington, and removed to Hiram, Me., where he died. Dr. Jonathan Brown, the son of Abel and Sarah (Page) Brown, was born in Kensington, July 12, 1805, graduated at the Medical School in Hanover in 1828, was a teacher in Virginia, was a physician in Greenland, St. Domingo. Dr. Cyrus Dearborn, a native of Chester, was a physician in Kensington a few years, and removed to East Salisbury, Mass., where he died. Dr. Jonathan Baily was a physician in Kensington a few years, but removed to East Kingston, where he died. Dr. Joseph Otis Osgood, the son of Dr. George and Elizabeth (Otis) Osgood, of Andover, Mass., was born in Fairhaven, Mass., Dec. 23, 1782; graduated at Har- vard College in 1804; was a teacher in Milton, Mass., and Gorham, Me.; commenced the study of theol- ogy with the Rev. Jesse Appleton, D.D., of Hampton ; studied medicine with his father and with Dr. Miller, of Franklin, Mass. ; was a member of the Massachu- setts Medical Society; practiced in Amesbury, Haver- hill, Boston, Mass., North Carolina,Windham ; came to Kensington, where he died Feb. 10, 1864, aged fifty- nine. He married Elizabeth Boardman, and lefftwo sons. He gave the oration at a celebration on July 4th in Kensington, gave lectures in other places, and wrote a history of St. Domingo, a work in two vol- umes, which was highly commended. Dr. Jacob Williams came from Groton, Mass., and spent a few years in Kensington, where he died. Education, — Schools were sustained in different parts of the town, and for a number of years a Centre school was placed near the church. In 1779 this Centre school was removed, and since that time the schools have been placed in other localities. At present the school-houses are well built, well furnished, and are highly creditable to the town. Before the Revolution the Centre school was taught by men of superior edu- cation. The Hon. William Parker, of Portsmouth, who graduated at Harvard College in 1762, was a- teacher here. He afterwards was a lawyer in East Kingston and Exeter, and for many years was register of probate for Rockingham County. Ebenezer Potter, a native of Ipswich, Mass., who graduated at Harvard College in 1766, taught school here several years, and held a number of prominent ofiices in the town, where he died. Nathan Dow, a gentleman of education and ability, was for many years a teacher. Joseph. Chase Hilliard was a well-known teacher in this and other towns in this vicinity ; died March 29, 1853, aged sixty-five years. The Hon. James W. Patterson, superintendent of schools in New Hampshire, gave a favorable report of education here. Within a few years our young women have been interested in education, and after leaving our schools passed a few years in higher in- structions of learning. Mrs. R. Akerman, who has taught with great success in various places, and writ- ten school exercises which have been highly com- mended by the leaders of education, well deserves to be noticed. Sarah Abby Green and Ellen M. Smith graduated at the Normal School in Salem. Susan L. 358 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Brown, Elizabeth Hilliard, Sarah Billiard, Clara L. Rowe, Susan S. Chase, and Agnes Badger graduated at the Putnam School in Newburyport, Mass. Clara Kimball, Emma Blddgett, Ellen M. Smith, Clara E. Kimball, and Livrie S. Titoomb graduated at the Robinson Female Seminary in Exeter. Other young men and women have for shorter terms sought the advantages of education in the higher schools in this vicinity. List of Graduates. — In 1760, Kensington sent two young men to Harvard College. Rev. Timothy Hilliard, the son of Deacon Joseph Chase and Hul- dah (Moulton) Hilliard, was born Feb. 17, 1746; graduated at Harvard College in 1764 ; was ordained in Barnstable, Mass. ; was settled over the First Church in Cambridge, Mass., where he died July, 1790. Rev. Daniel Fogg, the son of Daniel and Anna (Elkins) Fogg, was born in Rye, Aug. 7, 1743; re- sided with his uncle, the Rev. J. Fogg, in Kensington ; was graduated at Harvard College in 1764; went to England and was ordained as an Episcopal minister (as at that time there was no bishop in this country) ; was settled over Trinity Church, in Pomfret Town, in April, 1772 ; marrried Deborah Brinley ; died June 29, 1815, in the seventy-second year of his age, and the forty-third of his rectorship. Jeremiah Fogg, the son of the Rev. Jeremiah and Elizabeth (Parsons) Fogg, was born Oct. 16, 1749; graduated at Harvard College, 1768, and died May 26, 1808, aged fifty-nine. (See military history.) William Fogg, the son of Rev. Jeremiah and Eliza- beth (Par.sons) Fogg, was born April 30, 1755; grad- uated at Harvard College in 1774; was teacher in Fredericksburg, Va., and other places, and died, un- mari-ied, Aug. 17, 1807, aged fifty-three. Nathaniel Healey, the son of Nathaniel and Su- sanna (Weare) Healey, was born in Kensington; graduated at Harvard College in 1777, and died in HoUowell, Me., in 1823. He was engaged in trade, and is said to have lost his property in making a canal from the Hampton to the Merrimac River. Rev. Joseph Warren Dow, the son of Joseph Dow, was born April 8, 1779, graduated at Harvard Col- lege, 1805, and was settled in Farmingham, Mass. Timothy, the son of Joseph and Anna (Lovering) Hilliard, was baptized Feb. 26, 17S6, graduated at Harvard College in 1809, was ordained in Sudbury, Mass., studied medicine, taught school, and died in Lee, N. H., in 1847. Dr. William Osgood, the son of Dr. Joseph Otis and Elizabeth (Fogg) Osgood, was born in Kensington, March 10, 1823, graduated at Harvard College, 1850, taught the academy in Belfast, Me., graduated from Jefferson Medical Col- lege, Philadelphia, in 1855, settled in Boston as a physician in 1855, where he has since resided. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society. Abraham Hilliard, the .'fon of Joseph and Anna (Lovering) Hilliard, was born June 14, 1778, gradu- ated at Dartmouth College in 1800, studied law in Dover, resided at Cambridge, Mass., as a lawyer and as register of probate, and died, unmarried, in 1855, aged seventy-six. Rev. Amos Brown, LL.D. (Hobart Free College, 1858), the son of Stephen and Susan (Bagley) Brown, was born March 11, 1804, graduated at Dartmouth College in 1832, studied theology at the Andover Theological Seminary, was for many years principal of the academy in Gorham, Me., was ordained in 1848 at Machias, Me., where he resided a few years, and in 1852 went to Central. New York. He died in Havanna, N. Y., Aug. 17, 1874. He made bequests to the church in Kensington, and also for a library and school, but the funds are not yet available. Ebenezer Franklin Tuck, the sou of Samuel and Martha (Fogg) Tuck, was born Feb. 16, 1822, gradu- ated at Dartmouth College in 1843, studied law with Bell & Tuck, in Exeter, and at the Harvard Law School, settled in Exeter, where he died May 30, 1857, aged thirty-five. Edward Prentice Tuck, the son of Samuel and Martha (Fogg) Tuck, was born Aug. 80, 1825, edu- cated at Harvard College in the class of 1846, studied law, has been civil engineer, mechanic, teacher, hotel- keeper, and editor. On June 10, 1861, he joined the Second North Carolina Cavalry, in the Confederate army. After various battles he was taken prisoner by the Union troops, and on Oct. 23, 1863, took the oath of allegiance to the United States. He was in the Army of the Cumberland under Gen. George H. Thomas, at the siege of Nashville. He has resided in Ohio, Missouri, North Carolina, and now resides in Williamsburg County, S. C. Dr. Henry Tuck, the son of Jonathan and Dorothy (Webster) Tuck, was born Feb. 16, 1808, studied med- icine with Dr. George Hayward, of Boston, graduated at the Harvard Medical School in 1834, settled in Barnstable, Mass., in 1834, joined the Massachusetts Medical Society in 1837, and died on a visit at Ken- sington, June 24, 1845. He was buried in Barnstable. Rev. Jeremy Webster Tuck, the son of Jonathan and Dorothy (Webster) Tuck, was born Oct. 8, 1811, graduated at Amherst College in 1840, studied theol- ogy at the Theological Seminary in Andover and at the Theological Institute in East Windsor, Conn., was ordained in Ludlow, Mass., Sept. 6, 1843. He has preached in Thorndike, Mass., Jewett City, and Mid- dletown. Conn. He now resides in Middletown. His centennial address at Ludlow and several of his ser- mons have been printed, and he has also contributed many articles to the newspapers. Rev. Joseph Osgood, the son of Dr. Joseph Otis and Elizabeth (Fogg) Osgood, was born Sept. 23, 1815 (the day of the great September gale), graduated at the Cambridge Divinity School in 1842, was ordained in Cohasset, Mass., October, 1842, where he has re- sided more than forty years. He is interested in edu- cation, and for several years has been the superinten- dent of the schools in Cohasset. KENSINGTON. 359 George Osgood, the son of Dr. Joseph Otis and Elizabeth (Fogg) Osgood, was born Oct. 8, 1817, grad- uated at the Divinity School in Cambridge in 1847, was ordained in Standish, Me., Dec. 22, 1853, was settled several years in Tyngsborough, Mass., has preached in Eastport, Me., Windsor, Vt., Montague, Mass., and Lancaster, N. H., and now resides in Ken- sington. He occasionally writes for the press, and at one time was the editor of the Exeter News-Letter. Rev. Ezra Baily Chase, the son of Ezra B. and Bet- sey (Clarke) Chase, was born Oct. 15, 1847, graduated at Marietta College, Ohio, 1873, and at the Divinity School in New Haven, Conn., in 1876, was ordained in Courtland, Ohio, June 20, 1876, and is now settled in the ministry in West Bloomfield, Ohio. Rev. Jonathan G. Brown, the son of Stephen and Susan Bayley Brown, was born July 13, 1818, was or- dained as a Christian Baptist minister, and preached in Salisbury, Mass., New Bedford, Dartmouth, Mass. He joined the Calvinistic Baptist denomination, and has preached in Peterboro' and Hopkinton, N. H., Millbury, Mass., and other places, and now resides in Western New York. Dr. Moses Brown (the twin-brother of Rev. J. E. Brown), the son of Stephen and Susan (Bayley) Brown, was born July 13, 1818, studied medicine with Dr. Dearborn, practiced as a physician in East Kings- ton, N. H., New Bedford, Mass., Newburyport, Mass., and other places, and now resides in Vineyard Haven, Mass. Dr. John Angell Blodgett, the son of Elder J. C. and Abigail (Shaw) Blodgett, was born Aug. 20, 1855, educated at Phillips' Academy in Exeter, graduated at the Medical College in Detroit, Mich., in 1880, and died just as he had completed his medical studies, Feb. 20, 1880, in Detroit, sincerely lamented by his classmates and by a large circle of friends. Dr. Daniel Fogg, the son of the Rev. Jeremiah and Elizabeth (Parsons) Fogg, was. born April 6,1759, was a physician in Braintree, Mass., where he died April 23, 1830, aged seventy-one. Dr. John Fogg, the son of Rev. Jeremiah and Eliza- beth (Parsons) Fogg, was born Feb. 26, 1764, was a physician in Northampton, where he died March 5, 1816, aged fifty-two. Jeremiah Parsons Fogg, the son of Maj. Jeremiah and Lydia Hill Fogg, was born May 19, 1788, was edu- cated at Phillips' Academy in Exeter, was a lawyer in Steubenville, Ohio, and died in Louisville, Ky. Dr. John Dow, the son of Capt. Benjamin Dow, was born Aug. 23, 1796 ; studied medicine with his uncle. Dr. Jabez Dow, of Dover, practiced in Sanford, Me., Pittston, Me., and Boston, Mass., and died in Boston, March, 1871. Currency. — When the Rev. J. Fogg was settled and during his ministry the currency of the country varied very much in value. In 1760 his salary was fifteen hundred pounds. In 1782, John Green bid off' the building of the pound for forty-seven Spanish milled dollars. Deacon Jeremiah Fellows paid fifteen hun- dred dollars for an anvil which was worth only fifteen dollars in silver. In 1781 a committee was chosen to hire soldiers with either provisions, hard money, or paper currency. In 1786, when it was found to be very difficult to hire a collector of taxes, Maj. Fogg, who had been absent, came into the town-meeting and said that he would give something for the office, and paid one pound and ten shillings, and thus by his superior intelligence and forecast made an excel- lent investment. In the war of the Rebellion, when gold commanded the highest premium, intelligent and sagacious financiers and statesmen looked with confidence to the time of specie payments, when the credit of the country should be fully restored. Slaves. — When Parson Fogg, July 17, 1739, was married to Elizabeth, the daughter of the Rev. Joseph Parsons, of Salisbury, he brought his wife on a pillion behind him to the new manse. Deacon Abraham Moulton carried behind him Phyllis Parsons, a small black girl, who was her slave. Phyllis was bright and intelligent, and as she grew up was engaged to William Mingo, a colored soldier who died on the frontier. After his death she was engaged to his brother, Eben Mingo, but refused to be married until she should be free, for she declared that " she would never bring a slave into the world." Phyllis then went to Salisbury, in the province of Massachusetts, and lived a year and a day (probably keeping dark), when the selectmen came and warned her out of town, lest she should become a public charge. Then she made a polite courtesy and said, " Gentlemen, you are one day too late;" for by the laws of the time she had not only gained her freedom but also her residence. She taught school among the white people, saying very proudly, " It is no small thing to be brought in a minister's family." She married, had a large family of children, some of whom were quite intelligent and respectable. Primus was a slave of Madame Parsons, and lived in Parson Fogg's family. He was a, native African, and said that after he had stolen and sold a good many negroes he was stolen and sold himself He sat on the pulpit stairs in the church, used broken language, and seemed in- terested in his master's family. When he was sent to mill with two bags of corn he would place one on the horse, take^he other on his shoulder, mount, and think in his simplicity that he had helped the dumb animal. His master told him to tie the horse in a good place, and he tied him where the feed was very short. When reproved he said, "You say nearer de bone de sweeter de meat, so de nearer de groun' de sweeter de grass." He helped his master set out two elms in front of the house, which became large and beautiful trees. He lived to be about a hundred, and is mentioned in the family traditions as a simple, good-natured old man. He had a superstitious fear that after death he would be obliged to return to Africa, and one day when he felt sick and troubled Madame Parsons told him he 360 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. would go to his old master. He then got on his hands and knees, said the Lord's Prayer, and died contented and happy. Jude Hall was a slave in Capt. Philemon Blake's family. He was a very large man, and anecdotes are told of his great strength. He was a soldier in the Revolution, and in one battle stood behind a tree and escaped unhurt. He said that he cut the tree down the next day and obtained a basinful of bullets. The town voted to make Jude Hall a gratuity as a soldier of Kensington. He lived on the borders of Exeter, had a large family, and is well remembered by the older people. One Sunday morning, as he found a man washing out his cider-barrels at the brook, the man, who seemed ashamed of his Sabbath-breaking, said that he looked every way to see if any one was coming, when Jude replied with his characteristic shrewdness, " Brother, did you look above?" Population. — The present population of Kensing- ton is a little more than 600. The number of chil- dren is much less than in early times, though there are about as many families. In 1767 there were 755 inhabitants ; in ' 1779 there were 797 iuhabitants ; in 1786 there were 798 inhabitants ; in 1790 there were 800 inhabitants. In 1775 the town chose John Dow, Nathaniel Haley, Benjamin Rowe, Ezekiel Worthen, and Eben- ezer Potter to meet in Exeter to choose delegates to the General Congress in Philadelphia. April 21, 1775 (two days after the battle of Eexing- ton), the town chose Ezekiel Worthen and Ebenezer Potter as a committee to join the Provincial Com- mittee of Public Safety at Exeter. In 1778, Ezekiel Worthen was chosen representative to the convention in Concord. In 1783, Joseph Brown was chosen delegate to the convention in Concord. In 1788, Jeremiah Fogg was chosen delegate to the convention in Exeter to consider the Federal Consti- tution. In 1791, Jeremiah Fogg was chosen delegate to the Constitutional Convention in Concord. In 1850, Jeremiah Bachelder was chosen delegate to the Constitutional Convention in Concord. In 1878, Jonathan E. Brown was chosen delegate to the Constitutional Convention in Concord. Senators.— 1796, Jeremiah Fogg; 1821, Newell Healey ; 1835-36, Smith Lamprey. Representatives. — Ezekiel Worthen was the first representative, and probably held the ofBce from 1762 until 1771 ; Ezekiel Worthen, 1774-76, 1779; Benjamin Eowe, 1772-73; Nathaniel Htealey, 1775; Ebenezer Potter, 1777-78, 1780-81; Moses Shaw, Jr., 1782 -86; no choice, 1787-90; Jeremiah Fogg, 1791-94, 1795 (unanimously in 1795); none in 1792; Enoch Worthen, 1796-99, 1801-5, 1813-17 ; Joseph Brown, 1798, 1800, 1808-9 ; none, 1805-6 ; Samuel Dearborn, 1810-11; Newell Healey, 1812-19, 1824-25; Robert Prescott, 1818-21; Jeremy Bachelder, 1826-28; Smith Lamprey, 1829-33; none, 1823, 1834, 1844, 1848, 1851-53, 1855-56, 1873-74; Josiah Prescott, 1835 -36; Benjamin Moulton, 1837-38; John T. Blake, 1839-41; Lewis Grove, 1842; John Nudd, 1843; Ira Blake, 1845-46; Julius C. Blodgett, 1847; Abel Brown, 1849, 1854; Jeremiah Poor, 1850; Stephen Brown, 1857, 1863; Joseph Brown, 1858; Newell Dow, 1859 ; Jonathan Palmer, 1860 ; Daniel Prescott, 1861-62; Daniel G. York, 1864, 1868, 1876; John A. Blake, 1865-66; Henry C. Tuck, 1867, 1870; Edward Brewer, 1871; John G. Dow, 1872; Weare N. Shaw, 1875; Daniel E. Palmer, 1877 ; George Page, 1878 ; Francis Hilliard, 1879-80 ; Levis B. Tilton, 1881-82. Military History. — While Kensington was a part of Hampton, some of its inhabitants were in scouting- parties or in building forts on the frontier. Jona- than Prescott, who was born in 1675, labored at Crown Point in 1696, and was in a scouting-party under Capt. John Gilmau in 1710. John Prescott was in a scouting-party in 1707 and in 1710. Na- thaniel Prescott was in his Majesty's service in 1707. Doubtless many others were engaged in defending the early settlements from the attacks of the French and Indians, or in ranging the borders, though we may not find the records of their deeds. May 2, 1747, it was voted at the parish-meeting " that all those men who went to Cape Breton and stayed all winter should be quit from paying rates for their heads that year in the Parish." In the seven years' war with the French and In- dians the soldiers of Kensington took an active part. In 1755, Samuel Prescott, who was born June 26, 1729, was lieutenant-colonel in Col. Peter Gilman's regiment, that was raised to reinforce the army near Lake George. He died Nov. 20, 1797. Capt. Ezekiel Worthen, Moses Blake, Ebenezer Levering, Isaac Fellows, Melcher Ward, Paine Blake, Israel James, David James, Nathan Dow, Joseph Weare, and doubtless many others were engaged in these frontier campaigns. Capt. Ezekiel Worthen, who was born March 18, 1710, was one of the most prominent men in the his- tory of the town. At the siege of Louisburg he was ensign and lieutenant in Capt. Jonathan Preacott's company, and is said to have done good service as an engineer, building works against the enemy, proba- bly the battery on Light-house Cliff. Louisburg was taken June 17, 1745, just thirty years before the battle of Bunker Hill. Capt. Ezekiel Worthen commanded a company in Col. Meserve's regiment in 1756. When Fort William Henry was taken he is said to have been one of the few who escaped in the dreadful scenes of the massa- cre. Taking a small gun, while the attention of the savages was turned away, he ran down a steep hill through the woods, and concealed himself under .some bark that was piled against a log. The Indians KENSINGTON. 361 passed over the log without finding the fugitive, while he, after various privations and hardships, reached his friends in an almost famished condition. The gun (which was known in the family as the Indian gun) was presented by Warren James, of Deerfield, a few years since, to the Bunker Hill Association. Capt. Ezekiel Worthen was the first representative to the General Court from Kensington, and was for several years returned to that bod^. In 1775 he was the engineer in building Fort Washington and Fort Sullivan at the Narrows, about a mile below Ports- mouth ; and about the same time was selected to build a bridge .to Newcastle. In the Continental army he was lieutenant, captain, and paymaster, while in civil life he held places of honor and trust. After serving in three wars, after honorable service in civil life, at the close of the war that gave independence to the country he died, Oct. 17, 1783, aged seventy-three years. In the years of the Revolution recruits were sent to the regiments in the field ; soldiers were sent to man the forts at Portsmouth, and committees were chosen to .supply the families of the Continental soldiers. March 26, 1779, voted to choose a committee to over- ha,ul the charges of the war from Bunker Hill fight to this day. Voted to enlist twenty men to serve in the Conti- nental army. July 5, 1779, Capt. Joseph Clifford and Lieut. Jo- seph Dow were chosen to hire the quota of soldiers to fill the Continental battalions. Jan. 29, 1781, the parish chose a committee to hire soldiers for the Continental army with provisions, hard money, or paper currency. (See currency.) The writer regrets that no full list of the soldiers of the Revolution is within his reach, but hopes that the adjutant-general, from the army rolls in Concord, will give a full report of every soldier. The following list has been gathered from various sources : Maj. Jeremiah Fogg, Capt. Ezekiel Worthen, Capt. Win- throp Rowe, Capt. Joseph Clifford, Lieut. Moses Shaw, Lieut. Abram Sanborn, Second Lieut. Jere- miah Bachelder, Benjamin Rowe, surgeon's mate ; Daniel Fogg, surgeon's mate; Joseph Fogg, quarter- master; Enoch Rowe, quartermaster's sergeant; Pri- vates Winthrop Wiggin, Jude Hall, William Fogg, Henson Hodgdon, Jonathan Fellows, Nathan Fel- lows, Edward Lock, John Sanborn, Thomas Cook, Jabez Dow, Jonathan Prescott, Marston Prescott, and Edward Smith, who was shot Oct. 15, 1777. Capt. Winthrop Rowe commanded a company, Col. Poor's regiment, and Abram Sanborn was his second lieutenant. In 1775, Capt. Joseph Clifford and Second Lieut. Moses Shaw were stationed on Pierce's Island. In 1777, Second Lieut. Jeremiah Bachelder was in Col. Drake's regiment. He was one of the most prominent citizens of the town, and in 1796 was col- onel in the militia. In 1777, Capt. Robert Pike was in Lieut.-Col. Sen- ter's battalion. Benjamin Rowe was surgeon's mate in Col. Nichols' regiment in 1778. Daniel Fogg was surgeon's mate. Enoch Rowe was, quartermaster's sergeant in Lieut.-Col. Senter's battalion in 1777. Joseph Fogg, the son of Rev. Jeremiah and Eliza- beth (Parsons) Fogg, was born April 16, 1753. He was quartermaster in Col. Poor's regiment in 1775, and quartermaster in Lieut.-Col. Senter's battalion in 1777. He was appointed sub-clothier and commis- sary in 1779. After the war he moved to Ossipee, where he was a justice of the peace. He returned to Remington, where he died suddenly, April 17, 1822, aged sixty-nine. He married, first, Mary Sherburne ; second, Abigail Westwork. Maj. Jeremiah Fogg, the son of Rev. J. and Elizabeth (Parsons) Fogg, was born Oct. 16, 1749, graduated at Harvard College, 1768, taught school in Newburyport, where he commenced the study of law with Theophilus Parsons, one of the most eminent jurists of the time. He was adjutant of Col. Poor's regiment, which was encamped on Winter Hill at the siege of Boston. In 1776 he was aide-de-camp to Gen. Poor, who died in his arms at Hackensack, N. J. In 1777 he was paymaster in Col. Hale's regi- ment, and captain in Col. Reid's regfment. In 1781, after the war, he retired to Remington, where he took an active part in the political movements of the time. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention, representative and senator in the General Court, and adjutant-general of New Hampshire. Maj. Fogg, in 1738, married Lydia Hill, of Cambridge. It is said that when a college student he saw her christened, and playfully remarked that he meant to marry her ; and though he was then but a youth, and she an in- fant, yet after a life of adventures, and twenty years after graduation, she became his wife. She was nine years old when she saw Earl Percy's troops as they marched through Cambridge on their way to Lexing- ton, heard the guns at Bunker Hill, and well remem- bered the exciting scenes of the times ; and the young adjutant, while musing by his camp-fire on Winter Hill on the scenes of his student life at Harvard, might have dreamed of the beautiful child that was christened in the village church. As an instance of his coolness and courage, one of his soldiers said that when his command was surrounded by a superior force of the enemy, Maj. Fogg told us " to load our guns, fix our bayonets, and blaze through.'' He seems to have been a brave and efficient officer, while his journals and letters, though written in the camps of the army, manifest his superior education and ability. He died May 26, 1808, aged fifty-nine. List of Minute-Men. — We, the subscribers, hereby enlist ourselves, and promise and engage to serve as militia soldiers in defense of our country's rights, to be ready at a minute's warning to march to any part of the New England States to oppose the encroach- ments of our enemies, and we promise to obey such 362 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. oflBcers as are appointed to command us during the time we are in the service. Joseph Clifford, Jesse Tuclce, Joseph Brown, Jr., Benjamin Moulton, Ben- jamin James, Jr., Hezekiah Blalfe, Ephraim Fellows, Jewett Sanborn, Daniel Shaw, Benjamin Tilton, John Shaw, Joseph Wadleigh (4th), Richard Dow, Levi Brown, Samuel Batchelder, Nathaniel Gove, Josiah Batchelder, Eichard Sanborn, Samuel Prescott, John Lane, Samuel Lampre, David James, Ephraim East- man, Nathaniel Sherburne, Caleb Shaw, Jr., Si- mon Prescott, Jeremiah Moulton, Nathaniel Ward, Jonathan Ward, Edward Melchar, Benjamin Mel- char, Abram Shaw, Newell Healey, Benjamin Rowe, Jr., Surgeon Joseph Rowe, Martin Prescott, Caleb Brown, John Glidden, Weare Nudd, Elisha Blake, Jr., Nathaniel Dow, John Graves, Henry Sanborn, Abel Brown, Henry Swain, Levi Blake, Stephen Fogg, Jonathan Tilton, Jonathan Prescott. (This paper belongs^ to the opening of, and was probably signed in, 1775.) The War of 1812-14.— We do not learn that any soldiers from this town were enlisted in the regular army, but in 1814 the militia were ordered to defend, Portsmouth from the English, whose fleet was cruising along the coast. The soldiers wore their citizens' dress, and as the company left the old church, the music was so slow and solemn that some one sug- gested that they have quick and lively tunes, to keep up their courage and the courage of the friends they left behind them. They were stationed near the south rope-walk, and lodged in a school-house. Down a report came that the enemy had landed at York, and the troops were formed in a line of battle, but the alarm was false. An English officer, disguised as a fisher- man, visited Portsmouth, but finding the defenses very strong the fleet moved away. The troops were enlisted September 11th, and discharged September 29th. Lieut.-Col. Thomas Loyering commanded the regi- ment. Josiah Blake was sergeant-major. Capt. Stephen Brown, Lieut. Stephen Kimball, Ens. Rich- ard Dow ; Sergeants, Jonathan Morrison, Benjamin Prescott, Nathan Dow, Caleb Brown ; Corporals, Jacob Felch, David Prescott, Sewell Philbrick, Jeremy Baohelders ; Musicians, Caleb Hodgdon, Millard Til- ton ; Privates, John Nudd, Benjamin Moulton, Jr., Jonathan Hobbs, John W. Shaw, Jonathan James, Thomas P. Fogg, Samuel Fellows, Daniel Prescott, Abraham Rowe, David Barter, Edward M. Blaisdell, Caleb F. Sanborn, Samuel Tilton, Ira Fellows, Wil- liam H. Wadleigh, Ephraim Dow, Jeremiah Wad- leigh, Sewell Wadleigh, John Blaisdell, Moses F. King, Joseph W. Healey, Edward True, Jr. The Mexican War, — Ferdinand L. Blake; John V. Hodgdon was leader of the band on the "Ohio," Commodore Connor's flag-ship, at the bombardment of Vera Cruz. War of the Rebellion, — Kensington sent seventy- one men to the army during the Rebellion, a part of whom were substitutes hired in the place of drafted men. The expenses in Kensington were .$19,940.09; average bounty per man was $269.70; average re- cruiting expenses per man, $1.28. The State aid to the soldiers' families would increase this sum. The following list contains most of the soldiers' names belonging to this town, with the names of some who were natives of the town but enlisted from other places : Lowell Lock, Porter Eowe, Jonathan Shaw, Theo. M. White, Benja- min Odlin, Joseph D. Wadleigh, Lewis Gove, Nathaniel Fellows, Wil- liam S, Gale, Parker H. Willson, Joel Lane, Smith Lamprey, Oilman Lamprey, Newell Dow, Wadley Duw, Timothy Palmer, Sewell Dow, Stephen B. Brown, Levi Veasey, Jeremiah Eaton, Willard Davis, Reuben Currier, John Weare, Aliel Page, Samuel Currier, John Page, Samuel Tucker, Jr., Amos Gove, Joseph Rowe, Moses Sanborn, George Day, Bradbury Pervier, Oliver James, Samuel Caverly, John Scribner, Henry Eaton. ABTILLEET. Lieut. Jonathan Billiard, Sergts. Wells Healey, Samuel Tuck. NAVY. George Baston, Thomas Bunker, and Jeremiah Leroy Hilliard (who died in Philadelphia at the hospital in 1862). IN THE ABMY. Charles Bowe (was killed in Virginia, July, 1864), William H. Walton (was wounded, and died at Fortress Monroe, July, 1864), Charles E. Bachelder, James Davis (was a prisoner at the time of Lee*8 sui-ren- der), John M. Mallen, Frank H. Wadleigh (was killed in Virginia, Oct. 8, 1864), George Blake, Jeremiah K. Leavitt, Ira O. Brown (was wounded), Amos Bowell, Hyld D. Peacock, Capt. Caleb Warren Hodgdon, Jonathan B. Bowe (was wounded, and died in Virginia), David C. Smith, Bufns Eastman, George E. Cilley, Stephen Henry Brown, Joseph N. Austin, John E. Collins, William F. Blake, Andrew Gove, Warren H. Chase, Jas W. M. Brown, Joseph C. George, George R Eowe, Ferdinand L. Blake, Franklin Tilton (was wounded at Kelly's Ford), Samuel Lamprey (was taken prisoner), Lewis E. Gove, Charles Hull (was a prisoner at Andersonville), Stephen Hart Brown, Edward E. Fellows, John Brown (wounded), Amoa Brown, Moses D. Dresser, Edmund M. Bowell (died of sickness), John T. Hilliard (wounded), George E. Ramsdell, Eufus Spaulding, George A. P. Wadleigh, Albert A. Bachelder, Benjamin F. Austin, John P. M. Green, John A. Currier, Edward P. Austin, James S. Austin, Weare N. Shaw, Silas M. Chase, Capt. James Mullen (col. regt. ; was killed in North Carolina), Jeremiah Franklin Dearborn, N. Jackson Shaw (was in U. S. Mounted Rifles before the war), Capt. Elijah Shaw (in Maine regt.), John H. Shaw (marched with Sherman through Georgia), William Nudd, John V. Hodgdon, George W. Hodgdon. Much of interest must be omitted for the want of space, and our readers must be referred to the full reports of the adjutant-general, which give not only the names of the soldiers, but very interesting histo- ries of all the regiments. The soldiers and their friends should preserve the diaries, letters, and other papers relating to the war, as they may be valuable for years to come. Temperance. — There have been several temper- ance organizations in town, which have been useful in their influence ou its moral progress. The early societies for considering the evils of intemperance, the Wasliingtonian movement, and the Sons of Tem- perance have all been. useful in improving the char- acter of the people. Hoosic Division of Sons of Temperance has had an excellent influence in im- proving the moral, intellectual, and social life in the place. ^-^^^-T^e^^ JONATHAN TUCK. KENSINGTON. 363 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. FRANCIS BILLIARD. The grandfather of the subject of this sketch was Joseph Hilliard, and his grandmother's maiden name was Anna Levering. One of the children of this couple was Jonathan, who was born in 1783. Jona- than married Mary Hodgdon, daughter of Hanson and Mary (Caldwell) Hodgdon, of Dover, in October, 1810. Mrs. Hodgdon was born in Kensington, Nov. 10, 1792. Mr. and Mrs. Jonathan Hilliard had ten children, six of whom died in infancy. The remain- ing four — Rufus K., Joseph, William, and Frajicis — grew to maturity. Jonathan Hilliard was a carpenter by trade, and a man of moderate means. He died Dec. 20, 1S27, while yet in the prime of life, leaving the care of his four children to the widow. By dint of untiring industry and the most rigid economy Mrs. Hilliard managed to keep her family together. She has lived a widow for fifty-five years. A close student of liistory, she is possessed of unusual information, and retaining her faculties to a wonderful degree, is able to converse readily and intelligently upon all of the topics of the day. She is now (in 1882) residing with her youngest son, Francis. Mr. Hilliard was a Whig in politics. He was at one time a lieutenant in the State militia. William Hilliard died at thirty-four, leaving a widow and one son. Joseph Hilliard died at thirty- seven, leaving three sons and three daughters. He was an active business man, carrying on a farm, con- ducting a saw-mill, and managing business as a tan- ner and currier. Francis Hilliard was born in Kensington, N. H., Nov. 2.5, 1825, two years before his father's death. He early learned to labor, and in his boyhood often worked for twenty-five cents a day. He learned the trade of a boot and shoe maker, working at it until about 1862, and employing a large number of men and women in the manufacture of these goods during the last ten years in which he was engaged in this business. In 1862 or 1863 he engaged in mercantile business, having for a partner Mr. George W. Walton for two or three years. He then sold out and engaged in business alone, making a specialty of women's shoes. Subsequently he bought out Mr. Walton and made his business of a more general nature. Since 1867 he has conducted a large lumber business, and also carried on farming operations on a somewhat extensive scale. Mr. Hilliard has always been active in politics, and is an ardent Eepublican. He has been postmaster in Kensington ever since 1864, except for two years under President Johnson. He was the selectman of his town in 1867, and a member of the General As- sembly of his State in 1878, serving on the Committee on the Asylum for the Insane. He was married July 4, 1867, to A. Maria, daughter of Rev. Julius C. and Abigail C. Blodgett, of Kensington. Mrs. Hilliard was born Aug. 16, 1838. Their children are Marion, Nellie, Wendell P., and Mary A. In religious belief the family is Universalist. THE TUCK FAMILY. The .paternal ancestor of all the Tuck (or Tucke) families that have lived in Hampton, Rockingham Co., N. H., and of all those that went out to other places, with their numerous descendants, came from Gorlston, a seaboard town in the northeasterly part of the county of Suffolk, England, bordering upon the county of Norfolk, from which latter county came many of the early settlers of Hampton. The year of Robert Tuck's birth is not known. He came to New England in 1636, or a little earlier, and lived a while in Watertown, near Boston, and in Salem. In 1638 he was a petitioner (with others) to the Gen- eral Court of Boston for leave to settle at Winnaoun- net (Hampton). The petition was granted early in September, and a settlement was begun by some of the grantees the same autumn. Others appear to have waited till the spring following. Robert Tuck, according to tradition, was of the former number. On the 7th of September, 1639, he was made a freeman, after which he held the follow- ing offices: selectman for the years 1648, 1649, 1652, and 1657; town clerk from 1647 till 1650; also, in 1649, was appointed clerk of the commis.sioners for small causes (that board being a court of record). He was married and had children before his emi- gration. The time of his marriage and the maiden name of his wife are both unknown to the writer. Her baptismal name was Joanna. They had four children that lived to mature age, all born in Eng- land. Robert Tuck (surnamed Good-man) died intestate, Oct. 4, 1664, and at the County Court held in Hamp- ton in the same month administration was granted to Joanna Tuck, his widow, and John Sanborne, his son-in-law. The widow, Joanna Tuck, died Feb. 14, 1674. Edward^ (Robert') was born in England (the time not known); emigrated with his parents; married, about 1648, Mary, daughter of Thomas Philbrick, Sr., who had settled in Hampton not long before ; and after his marriage he probably continued to re- side with his parents, or settled on some part of his father's estate. He died intestate, April 6, 1652, leaving two children, — Edward and John. John' (Edward'', Robert') was born in 1652, and married, Jan. 9, 1678, Bertha, daughter of Morris and Sarah (Eastow) Hobbs, born in Hampton, Feb. 28, 1659, and died May 29, 1738, being the mother bi nine children. Mr. Tuck owned a considerable quan- tity of real estate, and was to some extent engaged in the cultivation of his land. By trade, however, he was a carpenter. How largely he worked at his 364 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. trade does not appear. He invested capital in build- ing mills, which in some instances he also operated. He and his wife Bertha united with the church on the 28th day of February, 1678, about seven weeks after their marriage. He was chosen a deacon in the church July 19, 1715, and held the office till death, which occurred Jan. 4, 1742. Deacon Tuck was highly esteemed both for his ability and integrity, and was often chosen to fill important offices in the town ; was a selectman ten years, and town clerk about fifteen years. He was twice elected a deputy to represent the town in the General Assembly of the province. Jonathan* (John', Edward^ Kobert'), deacon, was born Sept. 11, 1697 ; married, Feb. 22, 1721, Tabitha, daughter of Benjamin and Sarah (Borden) Towle, of Hampton, born May 1, 1697. Deacon Tuck was farmer and miller ; resided on the paternal homestead ; died Feb. 3, 1781. His wife died Aug. 12, 1766. They were parents to ten chil- dren. SamueP (Jonathan*, John', Edward^ Eobert') was born in Hampton, March 20, 1731 ; married, Jan. 17, 1754, Martha, daughter of Philemon and Lydia (Boulter) Blake, of Kensington, and settled whpre Charles E. Tuck, his great-grandson, now lives in that town. He died in 1789. His wife was born May 15, 1733, and died in 1821. Had eleven children. Jonathan* (SamueP, Jonathan*, John', Edward', Robert'), by trade tanner, currier, and shoemaker, was born Dec. 19, 1771 ; married. May, 1792, Dorothy, daughter of Jonathan Ladd Webster, of East Kings- ton, N. H., born Nov. 6, 1769, and died March 16, 1847. Mr. Tuck died March 3, 1848 ; residence on a part of the homestead in Kingston. Father of eight children. Jonathan' (Jonathan*, SamueP, Jonathan*, John', Edward'^, Robert'), born Aug. 13, 1799; married, March 17, 1829, Sally, daughter of Stephen G. Philbrick, of Kensington and Tamworth, N. H., and remained on the homestead. She was born Aug. 5, 1799, and still living (1882). Her father lived to be over one hun- dred- and two years old. Jonathan Tuck died Jan. 18, 1878. In politics a Whig and Republican. By occupation farmer, tanner, and shoemaker. He had two sons, — Henry 0. and Charles B. Henry C.° (Jonathan', Jonathan*, SamueP, Jona- than*, John', Edward', Robert') was born Aug. 3, 1833 ; unmarried, and lives on the homestead with his mother. lu politics a Republican. Has been town clerk and representative in 1867 and 1870. Charles E.' (Jonathan', Jonathan", SamueP, Jon- athan*, John', Edward', Robert') was born June 15, 1835 ; married Sarah J. Eaton, of South Hampton, and resided in Kensington, where Samuel Tuck, his great-grandfather, settled and reared a large family, and where he died. His children are Charles F.,- Lizzie E., Frank L., and Anna. DANIEL G. YORK. Daniel G. York was born in the town of North- wood, Rockingham Co., N. H., April 16, 1818, and died at his residence in Kensington, N. H., Nov. 20, 1881. His father, Solomon York, was born in Aliens- town, N. H., was a farmer by occupation, married Patience Giles, and had ten children, of whom Daniel G. was one. He removed to Maine in the latter part of his life, where he died at the advanced age of eighty years. Daniel G. York left his father's house at the early age, of eight years to live with a man in Brentwood, N. H. Here he resided till he was fourteen years of age, when he went out to Deerfield, N. H., to live with Gen. Cilley, a prominent man of that town, and re- mained with him some five years, when he com- menced to learn the carpenter's trade, which he fol- lowed some two years, then resumed farming again in Deerfield, which he followed about a year, when in 1840 he came to Kensington and worked on the farm for John Nudd, a prominent and influential farmer in Kensington. Here Mr. York became acquainted with Betsey P., the only daughter of Mr. Nudd, and they were married March 23, 1842. She was born March 23, 1819. Of this union the follow- ing children were born: Oren S., who died young; Mary A., born Sept. 29, 1848, married Arthur W. Gooch, a native of Exeter, and now (1882) a farmer in Kensington. They have one daughter, Mary Alice. John W. York, born Sept. 29, 1850, married Marcia E., daughter of Jonathan and Theodatie Godfrey, June 15, 1871. Mrs. John W. York is one of four- teen living children out of a family of fifteen chil- dren. She was born in Hampton, N. H., March 4, 1854. Their children are Grace G., Frank N., Katie E. (died in infancy), Arthur S., and Mary F. Daniel G. York remained on the old Nudd farm in Kensington after his marriage, where by dint of in- dustry and economy he became one of the very best farmers and wealthiest men in Kensington. He was a Democrat in politics. During the years 1864, 1868, and 1876 he represented his town in the State Legis- lature. He was a man of sound judgment, kind disposition, charitable to all, envious towards none; frugal, honest, and industrious, he was respected at home and hoQored abroad. In his sudden death the town lost a good citizen and his family a wise counselor, a devoted husband, and a kind and loving father. His widow still remains on the farm where she was born, which she received from her father at his death. John W. York, only son of Daniel G., carries on the old homestead where he first saw the light of day. He bids fair to be a worthy successor of his father. ^h-^^l^xJC^L ^ (f^^^^^^^ te^'i'^^uyt-^ KENSINGTON. 365 CAPT. BENJAMIN MOTJLTON. Capt. Benjamin Moulton, of Kensington, N. H., is a hneal descendant of the Moultons who settled in Hampton at an early day, and whose descendants are numbered among the best citizens this county has ever produced. His grandfather, Capt. Benjamin Moulton, was born May 10, 1721, in Hampton Falls, married Sarah , who was born July 23, 1721. Their children were Benjamin, born May 23, 1743, Thomas, and Jemima. He was a farmer in Hampton Falls, where he lived and died. Benjamin, son of Capt. Benjamin and Sarah Moulton, was born in Hampton Falls, and was' twice married, — first to Mary Sanborn, a descendant of the Sanborns of Hampton, N. H. Of this union ten children were born, nine of whom grew to maturity.. His second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Rowe, of Kensington, N. H. By this marriage he had children as follows : Betsey, who died at twenty-nine ; Benja- min, born Aug. 16, 1795 ; and Joseph, who died at forty-one, leaving a family at Exeter, N. H. Benjamin Moulton (second) settled in Kensington, N. H., soon after his first marriage, and was a farmer by occupation. He died March 5, 1819, aged seventy- nine years and nine months. His second wife died July 3, 1846, in her eighty-ninth year. , Capt. Benjamin Moulton (third) had limited ad- vantages for an education. He inherited the old Moulton homestead in Kensington, N. H., where his father settled, and where he and his children have always lived. He is one of the substantial farmers of Kensington, and in his younger days was promi- nently connected with all the improvements of his native town. He has been a Whig and Republican in politics, and as such has been selectman three times and member of the State Legislature in 1837-38. In religion he is a Universalist. He married Mehit- able Brown, Oct. 16, 1817. She was born Dec. 7, 1792, and was the daughter of John Brown, of Hamp- ton Falls, and. a lineal descendant of John Brown, one of the first proprietors of Hampton. (See biog- raphy of Hon. Warren Brown, Hampton Falls, N. H.) Their children are Elizabeth, born Nov. 17, 1819 ; Benjamin G., April 18, 1821 ; and Hannah S., Deo. 13, 1824. Capt. Moulton was for a short time a soldier in the war of 1812. He has served in the various grades of the State militia from that of private to captain of 3. company. In all the affairs of life he has been sober, honest, and industrious, and now at the ad- vanced age of eighty-seven years retains his facul- ties to a remarkable degree, and enjoys the con- fidence of his fellow-townsmen. JOHN FRENCH. John French was born in South Hampton, April 26, 1801. His father, Jacob, son of Henry, was born at' South Hampton, and married Abigail Shaw, of Kensington ; had a family of three children,— John, Abigail, who died at the age of five years, and Irena, who married Moses Stokes, and have four sons and one daughter. Jacob French was a hotel-keeper, drover, farmer, and teamster. He settled in Wash- ington County, Pa., in 1813, remaining nine years. He returned in 1822 to Kensington. A few months before his death he went to live with his daughter at Manchester. He died at the age of eighty, having been married three times. Henry French was a farmer, married a Miss Jones, died in 1811 at an advanced age, leaving four sons and three daughters. John French, the immediate subject of this sketch, was a slender youth, but after the death of his mother, in 1811, he went with his father to Pennsylvania, where he began to grow stronger. He there engaged in team- ing, and remained three years, when he took " Scotch leave" and a " bee line" for home, with only eighteen cents in his pocket. He commenced his journey homeward on the night of June 16, 1817, and after a hard day's work traveled twelve miles, and slept in an oak trough the remainder of the night. He begged bread, found and sold horse-shoes, slept in barns, stables, under hay-cocks, till Aug. 6, 1817, when he reached Southampton, and returned to his uncle, Barnes French, where he stayed the first winter. The following spring he began his trade as a black- smith and plowsmith, staying five months, and re- turned to South Hampton, and worked there till spring, when he again went to Exeter till fall ; from thence to Concord, and stayed two years, till he was twenty-one ; worked one month for his grandfather Shaw for eight dollars; went to Concord and made two or three plows for a watch, which he sold for five dollars ; put his pack on his back and started for Pennsylvania; went to Pittsburgh, found no work; finally assisted to drive three hundred sheep to Phil- adelphia for thirty-seven and a half cents per day and board ; returned to New Hampshire, having traveled some seven hundred miles on foot. He then went to Concord and made two plows for eighteen dollars ; hired a shop, selling one plow for cash and one for iron ; took an apprentice, Timothy R. Shaw, and be- gan business, where he remained eight months, when he sold out, realizing a profit of one hundred and seventy-five dollars, and settled at Kensington, No- vember, 1823, and began busine.ss on Shaw's Hill, where he remained five years working at his trade. He then, Oct. 20, 1828, bought his present place, where he has since remained. His business in- creased till he made two hundred plows a year. Till 1837 he made plows from wrought iron. Since then made cast-iron plows. He has been twice married; — first, Oct. 31, 1826, to Harriet Brown, daughter of John and Lucy (Rowe) Brown, who was born Oct. 17, 1807. Their children are John C, Lucy A., Irena S., and Harriet A., all born in Kensington. 36(? HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Second marriage, June 19, 1864, to Irena (sister to his first wife), wlio was born in Kensington, March 15, 1815. In 1828 he bought eight acres of land, to which he has added till he owns about one hundred acres, and has been very successful in business. In politics a Democrat, and has been selectman for his town. He is an attendant at the Christian Church, of which both of his wives were members. CAPT. JOSEPH BROWN. Capt. Joseph Brown was born in Kensington, N. H., March 9, 1802, and has always lived upon the old family homestead of about two hundred acres, fol- lowing the occupation of a farmer. In his younger days he had a taste for military matters, and belonged to a militia company, serving first as a. private, but being promoted to the rank of captain. Of the brothers of Capt. Brown, Amos was a Congregational minister, Jonathan a Baptist minister, and Moses a physician. Capt. Brown was married Nov. 25, 1825, to Miss Mary Ann Weare, a daughter of Joseph H. and Betsy (Mitchell) Weare. She was born Aug. 2, 1807, in Seabrook, N. H. Their children are Joseph W. and Stephen A. The fifst named was born Sept. 5, 1826. He married Sarah B., daughter of Joseph C. Hilliard, and had three children, — Susan L., Sarah A. (since deceased), and Mary L. The second son, Stephen A., was born April 12, 1839, and died Aug. 17. 1856. In politics the captain was a Whig until 1858, and since then a Democrat. He has been a se- lectman, and in 1858 was a representative in the State Legislature. Both he and his wife are members of the Congregational Church. The ancestors of Capt. Brown can be traced back in a direct line for six generations. The names were Stephen, Joseph, Jonathan, Benjamin, and John. His father, Stephen Brown, married Susan Bagley, of Salisbury, Mass., and had nine children, — .Toseph, Amos, Polly, Nancy, John, Stephen, Moses, Jonathan, and Susan, all of whom grew to maturity. Nancy and Susan died unmarried. All of the others are married and have families. Moses and Jonathan are twins. Mr. Stephen Brown was a large and successful farmer. In politics he was a Whig. He died at the age of seventy-six, and his wife at seventy-three. Joseph Brown, the father of Stephen Brown, and the grandfather of Capt. Joseph Brown, was born in Kensington, and married Miss Ann Brown. They had twelve children. The names of the sons were • Moses, Jonathan, Joseph, Sewell, Nehemiah, Nathan, Stephen, William, and John. CHAPTER LIV. KINGSTON.' Geographical — Topographical— Original Charter — Occupations of the People — Ecclesiastical History — The Epidemic. The town of Kingston lies m the southern part of the county, and is bdunded as follows : on the north by Brentwood, on the east by East Kingston and New- ton, on the south by Newton and Plaistow, and on the west by Plaistow, Hampstead, and Danville. The sur- face of the town is rolling, and the soil very fertile. Original Grant or Charter. — The town of Kings- ton was granted in 1694 by the following charter: " William & Mary by the Grace of God of England, Scotland France &- Ireland King and Queen, Defend^, of the Faith, &c. "To all people To whom tliese presents shall come, greeting know ye that we of our special Grace certain knowledge & mere motion for the due enconi-agement of settling a new plantation by & with the advice & consent of our Council have given & granted & by these presents as far as in ns Lies Do Give & Grant unto our beloved subjects, James Pi'escott Sen. Isaac Godfrey Gershom Elkius Thos. Phibrick ,Tr, Samuel Colcord, Thomas Webster Sam'l Dearborn William Godfrey, Jacob Garland John Mason Ebpnezer'Webster, Nathaniel Sandburn Benjamin Sandburn John Moultou Daniel Moulton & Francis Toule and several others of their Majestys Loving Subjects that Inbatiit or shall inhabit within the said Grant, within our province of New Hampshire all That Tmct nf Land to begin seven miles Westward of the meeting house now standing in Hampton from thence to run a Due course West & by North Ten miles into the country for its bread tii, four miles Northerly from the Head point of the West Line from said Meeting house ?^ that and purchased the place where Mrs. French now resides, and erected the house in which he lived till his death, which occurred July 4, 1870, enjoying the pleasant domestic life and the society of his amiable wife. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, his second wife was a Congregationalist, but no sectarianism ever marred their influence or the beauty of his noble life. He always shrank from offi- cial position, but was bound up in the cause of edu- cation. As evidence of that he left in his will a be- quest of a tract of woodland, which was to be sold and invested in safe corporations, .the interest to be applied to the payment of teachers in Kingston Academy, who should be a Methodist Or member of some other evangelical denomination, etc. This land was sold for four thousand six hundred dollars, and after deducting expenses gave a permanent fund of three thousand dollars. This amount, given from an estate which inventoried not more than ten thousand dollars, shows the wonderful liberality of the gift and the giver. Mrs. French still survives, although in feeble health. Kingston Academy.— The building was erected in 1819 at an expense of $1500. It was commenced un- der the patronage of the Methodist denomination, KINGSTON. 375 being, I think, the second institution of the kind -Under their management in New Hampshire. There was a hall finished over the school rooms, and after the old church became unfit for use the Methodist Society worshiped in this hall ; but in a few years the control of the institution passed into the hands of a board of trustees of diflFerent denominations. About the year 1856, by a mutual arrangement, the town took charge of the academy building and lot, enlarged and repaired the house, and continue to occupy more than half of it, while the trustees hold possession of two rooms on the first floor. This mixed ownership is not so desirable for either party con- cerned, and it is to be hoped that at some future period each party may become independent and be able to have a house upon its own premises. Still, with its meagre funds this school has been a great benefit to many of the young people of Kingston. It has afforded them opportunities to continue their ed- ucation in branches which they could not study at the common schools. I have not space to name here the prominent men who have studied in this institution. The list of teachers contains the names of many well-known public men. Ex-Governor Noyes has been named. Thomas W. Knox, the famous author of books of travel, and various others might be named.' Notices of the Orantees [named in the charter) of Kingston, Aug. 6, 1694:, and early settlers. — First, James Prescott, Sr., who came from Lincolnshire, England, and in 1665 settled in the part of Hampton now Hampton Falls, one and a half miles from the acad- emy north on the road to Exeter. He married, in 1668, Mary Boulter, of Exeter, and had nine children : Joshua (2), born 1769, who went to Kingston before 1725. James (2), born 1761, remained at Hampton Falls; married Maria Marston, and had Samuel (3), of Hampton Falls, the father of John, Joseph, and Wil- liam. Jonathan (2) settled in Kensington. Mary (2), born in 1677, married, 1699, Jabez Cole- man, who, with his son Joseph, was killed by In- dians at Kingston, Sept. 4, 1724. John (2), born 1681, married, 1701, Abi. Marston, and Nathaniel, who married Ann, sister of Abi. Mars- ton. James P. (1) was one of the first selectmen in Kingston, chosen March 2, 1695. He was an original member of the church in Kingston in 1725, and died 1 Samuel Hubbard Stevens, born in East Kingston, Nov. 20, 1802 (D. C. 1830), was preceptor of Kingston Academy ; married in Kingston, in 1840, Seraphina S. (daughter of Moses) Sanborn. He died at Concord, N, H,, Marcii 19, 1876. He was grandson of Col. Ebenezer Stevens, whose father, Maj. Ebenezer S., was an original settler of Kingston. Dr. John A. Fallette (D. C. 1867) was a teacher in the academy, studied medi- cine with Dr. Levi S. Bartlett, practiced in Kingston, removed to Bos- ton. Mr. Elbridge G. Dalton waa for some years a successful teacher in Kingston Academy. Ho afterwards taught in Exeter, removed to Phil- adelphia, studied medicine, and has since lived in Cincinnati, Ohio. Nov. 23, }728. For many years he had been a worthy citizen, and a member of the church in Hampton. Thomas Philbrick, Jr. (3), (James", Thomas') born March 14, 1659, who in 1702 sold his property in Hampton to S. Chapman, and settled in Kingston, and had eleven children. His wife was Mehitable Ayres; married April 14, 1681. He died Jan. 1, 1712. He was an active, influential man. Their son, Jedediah (4), born 1700, married, 1721, Mary Taylor, and had sons, — Jeremiah (5), born 1722, who married Mary Stevens, and died March, 1754, leaving three children ; Samuel (5), born 1739, mar- ried, 1767, Sarah Sanborn, and died 1779, " a pious and useful man in the society." Jedediah (4) was "representative of the town in the General Assembly of the province, captain of the town, town clerk, and in many respects a very useful and worthy leader of this society." He was in 1742 elected deacon of the fhurch, and served till his death, March, 1754. Solne of the descendants of this family remain in the vicinity, but many others are widely scattered over the country. Samuel Dearborn was an early settler, constable in 1695, living in 1721. Sergt. Ebenezer Webster (2), born 1st of August, 1667, was the son of Webster (1). Baptized, Ormsby, England, 20th of November, 1631. The father of Thomas died when he was three years old, and his mother married Deacon William Godfrey. They emigrated to Watertown, Mass., and between 1642 and 1648 removed to Hampton, where Godfrey died, 1671 ; his wife died in 1687. The son, Thomas Webb, married, November, 1657, Sarah (daughter of Thomas) Brewer, of Eoxbury, and had five sons, three of whom, Thomas (2), born 1664; Ebenezer (2), and John (2), born 1673, are supposed to have settled in Kingston. The Websters were numerous and in- fluential citizens. For twenty-one years out of sixty- two years they furnished representatives to the Legis- lature from Kingston. (See manuscript of Colcord Patten's history of Kingston.) Ebenezer W. (2) was a prominent man among the early settlers of Kings- ton. Sergt. Ebenezer (2) married, 25th of July, 1709, Hannah Judgkins, and had eight children. He died 1st of February, 1736, aged sixty-nine. His oldest son, Ebenezer (3), born 10th of October, 1714, mar- ried, 20th of July, 1738, Susan Batchelder, and had 1, Ebenezer (4), born 1739, in East Kingston, who married (1) . He married (2) Abigail Eastman, lived in Salis- bury, and had 1, Ezekiel (3) born 1780 ; 2, Daniel (5), born 18th of January, 1782 (D.O. 1801), the great statesman, whose life is written in the history of the United States. The Thomas Webster named as grantee was prob- ably brother of Ebenezer (2). Ebenezer (3) lived in East Kingston, and had several children. Benjamin Sandburn (2), son of John (1?), who, with his widowed mother and grandfather, Stephen 376 HISTOEY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Bachiller, landed in Boston in June, 1632, at the age of twelve years. They removed to Lynn, and in 1638 to Hampton, where he married Mary, daughter of John Tuck, by whom he had ten children. The youngest, Benjamin (2), born Dec. 20, 1668, married (1) Sarah , married (2) Widow Margaret Moul- ton {daughter of Bobert Page). I am not sure that he ever settled in Kingston, but it seems that his brother Jonathan (?) settled in the east part of the town, and that Tristram (8), son of his oldest brother, John, was a prominent business man, often in office, living in Kingston, on the Exeter road, where his de- scendants still remain. Eev. Peter Sanborn, of Beading (D. C. 1786), was his grandson, and Moses Sanborn, Esq., a well-known business man, was his great-grandson. Nathaniel Sandburn is supposed to have been an older brother of Benjamin, born 1666, who married (1) Eebecca Prescot, and (2) Sarah , and had a large family. He was in 1695-96 town clerk of Kingston. There was among the early settlers a John Sanborn, who married, 1706 or 1707, Mehitable Fifield, and had Tristram, born 1710, Abigail, and Paul, born Feb. 21, 1714-15. Also a Samuel Sanborn, and a Capt. Jonathan Sanborn, who died in 1741, and Jonathan Sanborn, Jr., whose families I have not the time and space to describe. Gershom Elkins, a citizen of Hampton in 1680, may have been father of Moses Elkins, the first deacon of the church in Kingston. Gershom Elkins was se- lectman of Kingston in 1695, and is often named in the records till after 1721. Henry Elkins was slain by the Indians in 1708. Moses Elkins, from Hampton, came early to Kings- ton ; married, Nov. 17, 1701, Amiah Shaw, and had seven sons and four daughters. The second son, Oba- diah, born in 1708, who in 1731 married Abi French, and had Jacob, born in 1734 ; Obadiah, Jr., born in 1741 ; Peter, born in 1746 ; and Joseph, born in 1751. Deacon Moses Elkins was chosen at the organiza- tion of the church in 1725. Pie died suddenly. May 10, 1737, on returning from the funeral of his pastor, Eev. Ward Clark. Joseph Elkins (supposed), his eldest son, was chosen to fill his office in December, 1737. Deacon Moses had also Ephraim, born in 1710, Henry, and Caleb. Maj. Ebenezer Stevens, an early settler; married Dec. 5, 1710, Elis. Colcord, and had four sons, — (1) Benjamin, born Feb. 3, 1712 or 1713 ; (2) Col. Ebe- nezer, born June 10, 1715, married, first, 1736, Mary Colcord ; second, 1768, Doley Stevens. When seven years of age he was taken captive by the Indians and carried to Canada. When his father redeemed him, it is said, they demanded a higher price than for his companions, because he wore a better hat and better clothing than they did. He became a successful business man, and Stevenstown (now Sal- isbury) was first named for him. His sons were (1) Eb- enezer, Jr. (Capt. Ebenezer Stevens), born in 1739 ; (2) John, born in 1770; (3) Moses, born in 1771 ; Peter Colcord, born in 1773; Paul, born in 1775. Col. Stevens died July 19, 1800. Of his father, Maj. Ebenezer Stevens, who died Nov. ], 1749, it is said " he was a very distinguished and useful citizen., and such was his integrity and be- nevolence that differences among the people were sub- mitted to his decision with perfect confidence. He sustained many important functions, and discharged every duty with ability and faithfulness." Capt. Ebenezer Stevens (eldest son of Col. Ebenezer Stevens), born in 1739, married, first, in 1760, Sarah Emerson ; second, Sarah Stevens, and had twelve chil- dren, — Samuel, the eldest, born in April, 1761, and the youngest, a daughter, born in 1805. Capt. Stevens was chosen deacon in 1787. Samuel Judkins married, May, 1710, Abigail, and died February, 1741. Children, Joel, born Sept. 25, 1712, married, January, 1735, Mehitable Calkins, and had ten children, the ninth of whom, Henry, born in 1750, married, 1776, first, Mary French, who died in 1778, and he married, second, 1780, Mary Barnet. He had nine children, the fourth of whom was Henry, Jr., born in 1783; the father of Deacon Simon B. Judkins, well known in Kingston, and of Joseph, still living there. Col. John Calfe (or Calef), born in 1731; married, Dec. 24, 1754, Judith Chellis, and died May 28, 1806. He had, — Joseph, born May 5, 1756, who married, first, 1781, Miriam, daughter of Governor Josiah Bartlett, and had Josiah B., born May 21, 1782, a. teacher in Bos- ton, etc. He married, third, S. Batchelder in 1792, and had Moses Hook in 1798, and John P. B., born in 1801. Mary, born in 1758; married, in 1786, Rev. Zac- cheus Colby, of Pembroke. Hannah, born in 1760; married, in 1780, Eev. Elihu Thayer, D.D., of Kingston. John, born in 1763 (D. C. 1786) ; married Abigail Bartlett, of Pembroke. Samuel, born in 1764. Amos, born in 1769. Eobert, born Feb. 26, 1772; married. May 26, 1802, Polly Sleeper, and was the father of Samuel Calef, of Kingston and Exeter. Lieut. Samuel Colcord (1), born in 1656; died in 1736. Lieut. Samuel Colcord, Jr. (2), married, Sept. 13, 1704,' Elis., daughter of Lieut. Peter Folsom, of Ex- eter, and had, — (1) Peter, horn June 27, 1705. (2) Elizabeth, born in 1708. (3) Samuel, born Aug. 22, 1710. Mary, born Jan. 1, 1715; married, in 1736, Col. Eben. Stevens. KINGSTON. 377 Samuel Colcord, Jr., died, and his widow married Samuel Sanborn. Samuel Colcord (8), married, Dec. 28, 1732, Me- hitable Lad, born June 30, 1713. They had several children that died young, and (1) Elizabeth, born in 1739. ( 2) Mary, born in 1744. (8) Daniel, born in 1747. (4) Mehitable, born March 28, 1751 ; married, 1774, Wni. Patten, and had three sons — Aaron, born in 1775. Isaac. Colcord, born Sept. 2, 1789, to whom we are in- debted for much information respecting the early his- tory of Kingston. The names of his children — Hon. Wm. C. (mentioned on another page). Ichabod B., a druggist in Boston. Claudius B., of National Bank, State Street, Boston. Ord P., of the firm of Fairbanks & Co., dealers in scales, Montreal. Mehitable C, a teacher. Jacob Garland, son of John, of Newbury and Hampton, married June 17, 1682, Rebecca Sedy, and had Jacob, born Oct. 26, 1682, and eleven others born in Hampton. In 1722, Jacob Garland, Sr., was a pro- prietor of Chester. John Moulton, taxed in Hampton 1680, in Ken- sington 1721, and Daniel Moulton, probably a rela- tive. William Godfrey and Isaac Godfrey, from Hamp- ton, may have been sons or grandsons of Deacon God- frey, of Hampton, and related to the Websters. In 1680, Isaac G. was taxed in Hampton, and in 1721 was a citizen of Kingston, was a selectman in Kingston in 1695. John Mason, of Hampton in 1680, afterward in Kensington. Of Francis Towle's origin I know nothing. One Francis Towle was among the early settlers of Ches- ter. The Sleeper family was one of the earliest and largest in Kingston. Thomas Sleeper, father of the family, was born in England about 1607, came to Hampton 1640, and died there July 30, 1696. He had seven children. His wife, " Johannah S., mother of Aaron", died Kingston, 5th Feb., 1703," aged eighty. Aaron (2), bOrn in Hampton, Feb. 20, 1661 ; married (1) Elis. Shaw, May 23, 1682, and died in Kingston, May 9, 1732. They had seventeen children, the last five born in Kingston between March, 1701, and Sept. 15, 1708. She died Oct. 27, 1708. He married (2) Sarah, and had (18) Daniel (3), born May 9, 1715; (19) Edward (3), born Oct. 26, 1719, married Sept. 15, 1746, Anne Clough, and had (1) John, 1746-47; (2) Sarah, 1750; (3) Jonathan, Feb. 28, 1754; (4) Ann, 1762 ; (5) Hannah, 1767. " Edward Sleeper^, died in Kingston, 16 Mar. 1811. Aet. 97 yrs. & 1 mo." The Bean Family (v. Lancaster, Hist. Oilmanton). — John (1), from Scotland, lost his wife on the pass- age; married an Irish girl who accompanied them ; settled in Exeter before 1661, ahd died. Their chil- dren : John (2), born Aug. 15, 1661, died 1666; Daniel; Samuel; John (2), born Oct. 13, 1668; Mar- garet; James (2); Jeremy (2), born April 20, 1675; Elizabeth. James (2), of Kingston, married, December, 1697, Sarah Bradley, and had six children, born in Kings- ton : Benjamin (3), born May 5, 1699; Margaret (3), 1702 ; Joseph (3), Oct. 17, 1704, who married, 1734, Miriam Folsom, and had seven children, died 1753 ; Jeremy (3), born April 9, 1707, whose son John settled in Newmarket; Samuel, born Jan. 11, 1710-11 ; Cath- erine, born Aug. 2, 1714. Joseph (3) and Miriam Bean had, born in Kings- ton (t;. Records), Joseph, Jr. (4), born April, 1738; Nathaniel (4), November, 1739; Mary, 1741; Jona- than (4), Aug. 31, 1743; Daniel (4), Sept. 30, 1745; Folsom (4), August, 1747; Miriam (4), born July, 1749. In 1725, Samuel Bean and John were heads of families in Kingston Parish or Society, which in- cluded a part of what is now Brentwood. The family was numerous, and sent out settlers into Chester, Candia, Gilmanton, Sanbornton, and many other towns. The following professional men have been natives or citizens of Kingston. In 1705 the town voted a lot of land to a Dr. Dale, but he probably did not remain long. One Simeon (or Simon) Brown, in 1739 a citizen of Kingston, is supposed to ha,ve practiced medicine here at an early date ; and a Dr. Abraham Green was living in Kingston in 1746. He died in 1751. The Hon. Josiah Bartlett, M.D., was perhaps more widely known than any other citizen of Kingston. He was great-grandson of the emigrant Richard Bart- lett (1), who came to Newbury, Mass., in 1635, and died in 1647. His son, Richard (2), born in 1621, died in 1698, leaving a son Richard (3), whose sixth son, Stephen, born in 1691, was the father of Dr. Josiah (5), born in Amesbury, Mass., Nov. 21, 1728, who married Jan. 15, 1754, his cousin, Mary Bartlett, of Newton, and had twelve children. lo 1750 he settled in Kingston, and soon acquired celebrity by his suc- cessful treatment of the throat distemper, so prevalent and so fatal. In 1765 he engaged in political affairs, and became very popular and influential. In 1776-78 he was a member of the Continental Congress. He is said to have been the first man who signed the Decla- ration of Independence. His biography may be found in the first volume of " The Lives of the Signers of the Declaration," etc. He was the first Governor of New Hampshire. For near ten years he held the oflice of chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas or of the Superior Court. He died May 19, 1795, aged sixty-five years. His eldest son. Dr. Levi Bartlett, born Sept. 3, 1763, succeeded him in practice and became for many years 378 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. an active politician. After his death, in 1828, his son, Levi S. Bartlett, born in 1811, inherited the homestead and continued the practice of medicine till his death in 1865. He married Aroline E., daughter of Moses Sanborn. From the settlement of the town till 1775, or later, the obstetric art was practiced by a class of experi- enced matrons whose names are not in the records. The Gale family for three generations furnished physicians for Kingston and vicinity. Dr. Amos Gale, Sr., practiced more than forty years, and Dr. Amos Gale, Jr., a popular and influential man, had an extensive practice, and was for twenty-three years town clerk. He was born in 1756, and died in 1824. His sons, Dr. Levi B. Gale and Dr. Ezra B. Gale, fol- lowed him, the latter continuing in practice till his sudden death, which was on the Sabbath in the church. In 1844 he was chosen deacon. He was called " The Beloved Physician." Dr. Thomas Bassett commenced practice here about 1827, Dr. G. W. Sanborn in 1856, and Dr. T. 0. Eey- nolds in 1870. Kingston has sent out quite a large number of phy- sicians. Dr. Josiah Bartlett had a second son, Josiah, born in 1768, who practiced in Btratham, and Ezra, born in 1770. Dr. Amos Gale, Jr., had five sons, all physicians, — Levi B., and Ezra B., above mentioned, and Dr. Amos Gale, of Manchester; Dr. Josiah B. Gale, of Lowell ; and Dr. Madison Gale. " It is believed that no two families in our country have furnished more physicians than the Bartlett and the Gale families of Kingston." Rev. Nathaniel Webster, graduated (Harvard Col- lege) in 1769 ; died in 1830. For many years he was pastor of the First Church in Biddeford, Me. Rev. Benjamin Thurston, born in 1753 (Harvard College, 1774) ; married Sarah Phillips, of Kingston. He preached sixteen years at North Hampton, was trustee of Exeter Academy twenty years, and died in 1804. Rev. Zaccheus Colby, born 1749 (Harvard College, 1777) ; married in 1786, Mary, daughter of Col. Calef, of Kingston ; preached at Pembroke from 1780 to 1803, and at Auburn till 1809 ; died in 1822. Rev. Joseph Appleton, born in Ipswich, Mass., 1751 (Brown University) ; married in 1777, Mary, daughter of Jacob Hook, of Kingston ; preached at North Brookfield, Mass., from 1776 till his death, July, 1795. His youngest son, the late Hon. William Appleton, of Boston, born in 1786, was a merchant and member of Congress. Rev. Moses (son of Deacon Benjamin) Sweat, born in 1754 (A.M., Harvard College, 1790) ; married in 1783, Hannah Eastman; preached some time at San- ford, Me. ; died in 1822. Rev. Jonathan Calef, born in 1762 (Dartmouth College, 1787) ; preached from 1801 in Lyman, Me., for thirty years, and died there April 25, 1845. Rev. Peter (son of William) Sanborn, born in Kingston, Aug. 13, 1767 (Dartmouth College, 1786) ; pastor at Redding, Mass., from 1790 to 1820; died in 1857. Jonathan Fifield Sleeppr, A.M., born in 1768 (Dartmouth College, 1786) ; a teacher ; died at Kings- ton, 1804. His son, Capt. John S. Sleeper, was widely known; many years editor of the^Boston Journal. John (son of Col. John) Calef, born in Kingston, 1763 (Dartmouth College, 1786); a farmer; died at Goshen, 1841. Josiah B. Calef, born in 1783 ; grandson of Gover- nor Bartlett ; taught in Boston ; then in business in Saco, Me. . Rev. William P. Gale, born at Gilmanton in 1806 ; married Louisa Patten, of Kingston ; preached in Thornton and in Nelson ; went West, and died in Minnesota, 1872. Aurin M. Payson, born at Brentwood in 1809 ; lived in Kingston (Dartmouth College, 1840) ; a teacher in Portsmouth and other places. Samuel Badger, M.D. (Dartmouth College, 1840) ; born at Kingston in 1814 ; died in Kingston. Henry French, born at Kingston, 1814 (Dartmouth College, 1836); married Abi. Blake; Professor in Exeter Academy, and died there July 21, 1840. His father, Peter French, left a liberal bequest to Kings- ton Academy. Rev. Ezekiel H. Barstow, born at Hanover, Me., in 1816 ; lived in Kingston (Dartmouth College, 1839) ; preached fourteen years at Walpole ; died April 16, 1862. Rev. William A. Patten, born at Kingston in 1816 (Dartmouth College, 1843) ; ordained 1850 ; has preached in New England and in the Western States. Professor Abel Wood, A.M. (Dartmouth College, 1843), long a teacher in Kimball Union Academy; married in 1842, Sarah Ann Patten, of Kingston, and their son, William B. Wood, M.D., born in Kings- ton, is a physician in New York City. Rev. Ezra Newton (Dartmouth College, 1843),' mar- ried in 1846 Martha T. Patten, of Kingston. Hon. William C. Patten, son of Colcord and Maria R. Patten, born in Kingston, June 24, 1819, ad- mitted to the bar in 1857 ;, married (1) 1842, Laura F. Prescott, (2) Sarah Ann Weare, of Kensington. He filled many civil ofiices, and was strongly attached to his native town, anxiously caring for its best inter- ests. He died suddenly Jan. 5, 1873. Nathaniel Gordon, Esq., of Exeter (D. C. 1841), married (1) in Kingston, Dec. 26, 1853, Alcina E., daughter of Moses Sanborn, Esq. Ezra W. Gale, son of Dr. E. B. Gale, of Kingston (D. C. 1843), was a teacher and studied law. Warren T. Webster, A.M., son of Samuel and Mary W., born June 6, 1830 (Brown U., 1851), mar- ried Hattie A. French, of Lewiston, Me; a teacher in Brooklyn, N. Y. William Franklin Webster (brother of Warren T.), KINGSTON. 37i born in Kingston, Sept. 13, 1834 (Brown U., 1852) ; tutor til! 1854, studied medicine and natural science in Europe; married, Pawtucket, E. I., December, 1858, Ellen F. Pervere ; was elected Professor of Chemistry, etc., Washington College, Pennsylvania ; died there Nov. 13, 1860. His last words were, " Heaven to. me is as bright as noou-day." Henry F. C. Nichols, A.M., born in Kingston, January, 1836 (Williams College, 1859, Andover Sem- inary, 1864) ; preached in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., and since engaged in mercantile business in Michi- gan. His sister, Mary E., is the wife of David H. Nutting, M.D., late missionary in Turkey. John Webster, A.M., born in South Kingston (D. C, 1841), was a teacher, studied medicine, prac- ticed at Providence, R. I., and since at Gibson's Sta- tion, Ind. William Webster, born in Kingston, Sept. 20, 1823 (D. C, 1844), was a teacher in Maryland, and in Watertown, Mass. Professor John P. Marshall, of Tuft's College, in Mass., is a native of Kingston. Thomas Scott (son of Rev. Ora) Pearson, born in Kingston (Middlebury College), a young man of much promise, died 1856. Dr. Josiah C. Eastman, M.D., 1837, of Hampstead, and Dr. J. E. Cate, of Candia, are said to have gone from Kingston. Hervey G. Pillsbury, of Kingston (Andover Theo- logical Seminary, 1882), is a preacher' in the Congre- gational Church, and his brother, Frederick, in the Methodist Church. Hon. Edward F. Noyes (D. C. 1857), married 15th of February, 1863, Margarette W. Proctor, of Kings- ton. He has been Governor of Ohio, and United States minister to France, etc. Henry Lyman (son of Coicord and Maria R. F.) Patten, born in Kingston, 4th of April, 1836 (Harvard College, 1858), was a teacher in St. Louis, Mo. ; studied law ; entered the army, became captain and major of Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteers, an able and effi- cient officer ; wounded at Nelson's Farm, 30th of July, 1862, in the battle of Gettysburg, and again at Deep Bottom, Va,, Aug. 17, 1864, from which wound he died, Philadelphia, 10th of September, 1864. He was earnest and devout, and cheerful and affectionate, and conscientious and brave. Rev. George J. Judkins (Methodist), born in Kings- ton, 20th of December, 1830, graduated at Middle- town, Conn. ; taught four years in Kingston Academy, seven years in Tilton Seminary; ordained and joined the Conference in 1868, has been presiding elder in different districts of New Hampshire. BEPBESBNTATIVES FEOM 1793 TO 1883. Dr. AmoB Gale, 1793. Col. John Eastman, 1794-95. Capt. Jacob Webster, 1796-97. Col. Levi Bartlett, 1798. Capt. Jacob Webster, 1799. Maj. Jacob Pe.islee, 18no-l. Capt. Jacob Webster, 1802. Maj. .Jacob Peaslee, 1803-4. Dr. Amos Gale, 1805-7. Daniel Wadleigh, 1808. Capt. Jacob Webster, 1809. Pr. Amos Gale, 1810. Capt. Jacob Webster, 1811-12. No choice, 1813. Capt. Jaonb Webster, 1814-16. Capt. Daniel Peaslee, 1816. Capt. Benjamin Kimball, 1817. Capt. Daniel Peaslee, 1816. No choice, 1819, No choice, 1820. David Bartlett, 1821. Capt. Daniel Peaslee, 1822, No choice, 1823. Col. William Webster, 1824-25. No choice, 1826. No choice, 1827. Col. William Webster, 1828. Frederick G. Nichols, 1829-30. Gen. James Spoiford, 1831. No choice, 1832. Isaac Webster, 1833-84, Jonathan Bartlett, 1836-36. John Page, 18-37. Moses Sanborn, 1838. John Page, 1839. Calvin Thayer, 1840-41. No choice, 1842, Calvin Thayer, 1843. Gideon Webster, 1844. John Calef, 1845. Samuel Webster, 1846-47. Gideon Webster, 1848. No choice, 1849. Gideon Webster, 1860. Oren Spofford, 1861. Samnel Hanson, 1852. Oren Spofford, 1853. William C. Webster, 1864. William C. Patten, 1865. William C. Webster, 1866. William C. Patten, 1867. Joseph Goodrich, 1858. Amos Kimball, 1859-60. Albert Brown, 1861. John Webster (3), 1862-63. Jesse P. Marshall, 1864-65. No choice, 1866. William C. Webster, 1867. Albert Brown, 1868. Charles B.Clark, 1869. Samuel B. Woodman, 1870. William C. Patten, 1871-72. Moses J. French, 1873. Daniel Wadliegh, 1874^-75. Ora P. Patten, 1876. Amos C. Chase, 1877. Edward S. Sanborn, 1878. John W. Collins, 1879. Luther D. Peaslee, 1880-82. MILITARY BECOED, 1861-66. Simon P. Fifleld, 2d N. H. William H. Quimby, 2d N. H. John S. Sweatt, 3d N. H. Frederic Silloway, 3d N. H. Daniel P. Seaver, 3d N. H. Samuel B. Moore, 3d N. H. Josiah P. Hunt, 3d N. H. George W. Collins, 4th N. H. Levin B. Martine, 4th N. H. George E. Schelling, 4th N. H. Andrew J. Collins, 4th N. H. George F. Quimby, 4th N. H. Edwin S. Brown, 4th N, H. Blbrldge G. Towle, 4th N. H. John Nickett, 4th N. H. Frank Monihan, 4th N. H. Andrew J. Johnson, 4th N. H. George Davis, 5th N. H. Andrew J. Davis, 5th N. H. Peter Handy, 6th N. H. Timothy Littlefleld, 6th N. H. George Crosbury, 6th N. H.j Osborne P. Webster, 7th N. H. Alexander Durant, 7th N. H. George W. Bean, 7th N. H. James W. Marshall, 7th N. H. Benjamin Slllowiiy, 7th N. H. David S. Davis, 7th N. H. John Silloway, 7th N. H. John C. Coons, 7th N. H. Perley P. Chase, 14th Mass. George Stevens, 14th Mass. Hazen Davis, 14th Mass. Joseph Nickett, 14th Mass. George P. Lowry, 14th Mass. Frank Nickett, 14tli Mass, Joseph R. Sanborn, 8th Mass. Stephen M. Bragdon, 6th Mass. .Josiah B. Gale, 12th Mass. Samnel Curtis, 12th Mass. William P. Chase, 1st Mass. John 0. Davis, llth Mass. Henry L. Patten, 20th Mass. Warren A. Webster, 22d Maes. Simon S. Johnson, 22d Mass. Stephen S. Huse, 28th Mass. Edmund Q. Brown, 1st Cav. Addison GrifBo, 1st Cav. John T. Crosbury, 1st Cav. John Bellows, 1st Cav. George M. Keezer, 1st Cav. John W. Quimby, Ist Cav. Charles Tibbets, Ist Cav. Samijel Goodwin, Ist Cav. John A. Follet, 1st Cav. Charles B. Schelling, 99th N. T. Howard DeRochemont, 6th Conn. William M. Simonton, llth Me. Joseph H. Flagg. Daniel L. Goodwin. Nathaniel 0. Brown, 7th N. H. Elihu T. French, 7th N. H. Thomas Martin, 7th N. H. Hiram F. Davis, 7th N. H. John Colby, 7th N. H. John Lucy, 7th N. H. William G. Wilson, 7th N. H. George S. Wetherell, 8th N. H. Calvin D. Wetherell, 8th N. H. Abraham Sanborn, 9th N. H. Henry Davie, 9th N. H. Stephen M. Judkins, 9th N. H. Charles H. Webster, 9th N. H. Joel S. Collins, 9th N. H. Joel Judkins, 9th N. H. Hiram Glines, 9th N. H. Benjamin Severance, 9th N. H. John C. MoDaniels. 9th N. H. Alfred P. DeRochemont, 9th N. H Oren S. Silloway, 1st N. H. Battery Frank Center, 1st N. H. Battery. C. Fred. Myers, sharpshooter. Daniel Coicord, 14th Mass. Richard H. Davis, 14tli Maes. Marcus M. Bartlett, 14th Maes. George A. Bartlett, 14th Mass. William J. Bartlett, Uth Mass. George P. Severance, 14th Mass, John W. Swett, 14th Mass. Moses B. Smith, 14tli Mass. Warren. P. Shaw. Joseph George. 380 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Amos George, 48th Mass. Robert George, 48tli Mass. Isaiah Tucker, 7th N. H. Daniel P. DeRochemont, Ma3s. Charles A. Davia, 50th Mass. George Huse, 11th N. H. S. B. T. Goodrich, 7th N. H. John Peirce, 48th Mass. James Peirce, 22d Mass. Frank Prescott, 48th Mass. Thomas Geer. John P. Bean, 11th N. H. Jeremiah T. Curtis. The quota of Kingston -was 150 men ; 152 were put in. This list con- tains 118. Ee-enlisted soldiers and substitutes, residence unknown, 24. Franklin B. Goodwin. Otis Tucker. Elbridge G. Collins. Moses Chase. Oilman Crane, 11th N. H. William A. Cheney, 6th N. H. Edward L. Cheney, 5th N. H. John T. Webster, 6th N. H. James W. Silloway, 5th N. H. George B. Dudley, 6th N. H. John W. Hoyt, 5th N. H. Obadiah S. Collins, 6th N. H. John A. Webster, 6th N. H. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. DR. THOMAS BASSETT. In early English history the Bassett family is promi- nently mentioned as important actors. During the reign of Henry III. (a.d. 1262), according to Hume's History of England, we find Philip Basset appointed to the highly important position of "justiciary" of the realm. Lord John Basset and Ralph Basset were also men of mark in the fierce civil contests and agitations of that period. The first-known American ancestor of Dr. Thomas Bassett was Eev. (John?) Bassett, his great-grandfather. He was a Baptist clergyman, and was driven from Massachusetts Colony with Roger Williams. He afterwards became pastor of a church at Providence, E. I. His son John married Jan. 25, 1757, Sarah Shepard, daughter of Thomas Shepard, who was son of Jacob and Mercy Shepard, of Dor- chester, or Wrentham, Mass, and settled, in Sharon, Mass., whence he moved about 1780 to what is now Goffstown, N. H. He afterwards went to Weare, N. H., where he died in 1810, about eighty. He was a tall, robust man, of great powers of endurance, and was highly esteemed for his probity and strength of character. He reared a family of ten children, of whom Thomas was second son and fourth child. This Thomas was intended for the ministry, and pre- pared for college under instruction of Rev. Thomas Gair, settled minister of the Baldwin Street Baptist Church of Boston. On the death of Mr. Gair, in 1790, he relinquished all idea of a professional life on account of the poor state of his health, and engaged in merchandising in Atkinson, N. H. He after a few years removed to Deerfield (South road), and for a number of years" was merchant there. He moved to Londonderry about 1804, was a trader there also, and was a resident of that town until his death in 1816. He was a lifetime member of the Baptist Church, a Republican in political belief, never cared for office, was a quiet, reserved, unostentatious man, very ex- emplary in his conduct and strict in his morals. He served his day and generation well, and stood high in the estimation of the community. He married Su- sanna McGregor, of Derjy, N. H. They had five children, of whom Thomas and David (who reside in Derry) are the only ones now living. Dr. Thomas Bassett, son of Thomas and Susanna (McGregor) Bassett, was born in Deerfield, N. H., Aug. 12, 1797. His mother was a descendant of Eev. James McGregor, who emigrated from Scotland to Ireland, and subsequently with a number of others to America, and commenced the settlement of Lon- donderry, N. H. At the age of fifteen Thomas began the studies preparatory to entering college under the instruction of hia uncle. Rev. David McGregor, the settled minister of Bedford, N. H., and lived with him there three years. He then entered the Pinkerton Academy in Derry, under the tuition of Mr. Samuel Burnham, and remained at school there until the death of his father in 1816. At this time, finding himself destitute of pecuniary means, he could no longer pursue his collegiate studies, and resorted to school-keeping to obtain the object he then most de- sired, an education. He began teaching in Manches- ter, gave unusual satisfaction, and taught in every district in the town save one. After passing three years as teacher, he in 1821 entered the office of Dr. George Farrar, of Derry, as a student of medicine, remaining there till the fall of 1822, when he entered the private classes of Professors Mussey, Oliver, and Dana at Dartmouth College, and continued under their tuition until he had finished the regular course of medical instruction, and received his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1824. In March of the next year he established himself as a physician and surgeon in Kingston, N. H., where he has since been resident. Dr. Bassett was elected in 1826, and in 1837 became a Fellow of the New Hampshire Medical Society, in which he has been censor and counselor. He has been honored with the office of justice of the peace, and has held the position of brigade major and inspector in the First Brigade of New Hampshire militia. He married, in 1828, Miranda, daughter of Samuel SpoflTord, and grand- daughter of Maj. Jacob Peaslee. She was born in Kingston, where her ancestors had resided for several generations. Dr. Bassett is Republican in politics. Although reared in the strongest orthodox creeds, he is a pro- nounced Universalist in religion, and one of the strongest supporters of that faith. He was a constit- uent member of the First Universalist Church of Kingston, and it is largely indebted to him for its prosperity. He gave five hundred dollars towards the con.struction of the church edifice, thus freeing it from .debt, and the beautiful sacramental service was his gift. Dr. Bassett has been a hard-working, suc- cessful practitioner in his chosen field, and has en- joyed the confidence of the ablest of his medical brethren. Positive in his nature, with an iron con- stitution to sustain his efforts, he has rarely failed to accomplish any object he has sought, and has built Snjiln. A.BMUT-^ ,iZ^^-^ Jl^d Inf A HJEr"' .^ -^r C'^A.^.^^^ KINGSTON. 381 for himself a handsome competency. Of progres- sive ideas and energetic character, he has invariably performed the duties of his different appointments with equal energy and ability. AMOS C. CHASE. The Chase family came originally from England, three brothers, William, Thomas, and Aquila, being the immigrants in the early days of the colony, and from these have sprung the numerous families of that name throughout the country. Thomas and Aquila settled in Hampton and Newbury. Charles Chase, of the Aquila line, born April 30, 1755, grandfather of Amos C. Chase, was born in Seabrook, N. H., and was a hatter by trade. He came to Kingston, pur- sued his trade, married Mary, daughter of William Calef, in 1787, became a lifetime resident of the town, and had seven children attaining maturity, — Na- thaniel, Charles, Samuel, Amos, Merriam, Sarah (Mrs. Aaron Patten), Nancy (Mrs. Moody Colby). He lived to a good age, was of a strong physique and vigorous constitution, was very social and genial, loved a good joke, and played many a rich practical one. His son Amos was born in Kingston, April 2, 1801, had limited advantages of education, having to work hard in the carriage-shop when very young. He became a carriage-maker, and' followed it in a small way all his life. He married, July 4, 1827, Hannah P., daughter of Josiah Hook and Sarah Whittier, his wife. (This Mrs. Hook was a fair type of the class of old-fashioned New England women now almost extinct, robust, energetic, going to New- buryport, Mass. (twenty miles), to market, and far on her way at sunrise. She had comfortable wealth for those days, and as her husband died young, brought up her four children without deprivations, and trained them well in life's duties. She lived to be ninety years and three months old, keeping her health and faculties well preserved to the time of her death in August, 1869.) Mr. Chase purchased the place where his son Amos C. now resides, and farmed somewhat in connection with his trade. He was a quiet, unos- tentatious man, a good citizen, always industrious, never idle, and provided a good living for his family, and at his death left a small property of three thou- sand dollars, the result of his economy and thrift. He was highly esteemed in his community, and when he died, aged seventy-two, Dec. 29, 1873, he was uni- versally mourned. Mrs. Chase survived him, living now, in her seventy-second year, with her son, Amos C, on the place so many years her residence. Their children were William H., now of Dakota Territory; Josiah H., for twenty-five years merchant in Minne- apolis, Minn. ; Amos Charles ; Sarah E. (Mrs. Stephen F. Nichols) ; Isaac H., merchant in Deadwood, Dak.; Mary S. (Mrs. James M. Philbrick). Of his four sons, none have ever used liquor or tobacco. This shows the power of a thoughtful and intelligent mother in training children aright. Amos C. Chase was born in Kingston, N. H., March 10, 1833. He received the educational advantages of the public and academic schools of Kingston ; was early taught to work, and as soon as he was large enough to stand on a box and shave a wagon-spoke he was set at that labor. From that day to the present his life has been one of activity. When about thirteen he worked for several days digging and picking up potatoes at twenty-five cents per day, and to this occurrence may be traced his future success. Twenty -five cents represented hours of labor, exhaus- tive toil, and was not to be thrown lightly away, and on his young mind this small sum was impressed with a force and an importance sufficient to make it and its lesson alike permanent. Until fifteen he worked with an older brother oii the farm, then went to learn paint- ing with Benjamin Cilley, who gave him long days of work, and at last paid him not a dollar for his season's labor. The only money he ever received came in this way : All hands had a holiday, were " going to the beach." A particular hard piece of work was to be done at a specified time, and Amos was asked by Mr. Cilley if he would stay and do it, offering to well re- ward him. Amos accepted, worked at the disagreeable task all day, performed a dollar and a half's worth of work, received Mr. Cilley 's praises and one-half dollar in money. The next year Joseph B. Cilley hired him of his father, paying five dollars per week, he to board at home. Thinking this not sufficient pay, and getting no money himself, Amos was going to quit, when Mr. Cilley made a private bargain with him, adding one dollar per week to his wages, this addition to be his pocket-money. He continued working for Mr. Cilley summers until'he was twenty years old, yearly increasing his wages, and until eighteen attending school winters, his father giving him his time when twenty. He remained with Mr. Cilley the next year at less pay to acquire more knowledge of painting, and on becom- ing of age commenced work for himself as a painter, and for the three succeeding years laid up five hun- dred dollars per year. About this time we find him interspersing his painting with carriage-making, building at first three or four wagons a year, and steadily, year by year, increasing the number up Ifo thirty per annum by the time of his thirty-third birthday, and, with the exception of one or two years, had yearly added to his capital. In 1866 he devoted himself entirely to carriage-making, began to enlarge his business, and it from that time has assumed importance, and rapidly and steadily in- creased, until it to-day is the leading manufactory of Kingston, and one of the recognized manufac- tories of the county, giving employment to many in- dividuals. For the last fifteen years Mr. Chase has made an average of three hundred per year, princi- pally " Democrats" (a two-seated light wagon), Con- 382 HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIEB. cord wagons, and Ivea' buggies. In the conduct of his business Mr. Chase has shown first-class finan- cial ability. Possessing practical knowledge of every department, he has steadily adhered to the policy of using good materials and working them with skillful workmanship into substantial and durable carriages. In this he has shown wisdom. His work has given satisfaction, his reputation for relia- bility is thoroughly established, and his name as maker is a guarantee of good work in Boston and among leading dealers. He has a steady and in- creasing demand for his carriages, the celebrated William P. Sargeant, of Boston, being among his best customers. This is^ the result of true repre- sentations and honest work, and dealers who buy of him once invariably become steady customers. Thus in a few years, by strict attendance to business, integrity, and honest dealing, the poor boy has be- come a man of prominence in his line, high in esteem of his townsmen, and a much wider circle of acquaint- ance, and in possession of a handsome competency, and fe now in the prime of his life, with faculties and energies in the full maturity of strength, capable of accomplishing much before the twilight of life begins to close around him. Mr. Chase married Sept. 29, 1 858, Hattie E., daughter of Rev. L. Draper, a Methodist clergyman. They had two children. Alma F. and Clara N. (Mrs. J. M. San- born, of East Kingston). Mrs. Chase died Dec. 2, 1862. He married May 3, 1866, Emily A., daughter of Haynes W. Belden, Esq., a lawyer in country prac- tice at East Havens, Vt., where she was born. Their children are Charles Q., Hattie E., Harry B., and Howard. In politics Mr. Chase has been a promi- nent Eepublican from the organization of that party, an active and valuable worker for its suc- cess, a leader in his town, and has served several years on the Eepublican State Central Committee. His devotion to his business has prevented his acceptance of mfiny offices which would gladly have been conferred on him, but in 1877 he was elected to represent his town in the State Legislature, and in 1880 was called by his district to serve as State senator. He was placed in nomination in the fall of 1882 for the important office of councillor, and a Eepublican nomination in his district is equivalent to an election. He served as president of Kings- ton Academy until he would serve no longer. Of unusually acute preceptions, of quick decision and great rapidity of action, Mr. Chase is one who will always make his presence felt in whatever sphere he may be placed, and from his integrity and ability all trusts will be faithfully and honorably discharged. He has never yet failed in accomplishing any object for which he has striven. Those who know him best speak highest in praise of his rare social qualities, his kindliness of heart, his busine.ss abilities, and the promptitude and dispatch with which he attends to duties devolving on him. A member of the Masonic fraternity, the bands of brotherhood in his case encircle all who need assistance and any cause demanding aid. He is one of the most liberal supporters of the Con- gregational Church, and responds with alacrity to any call for help in educational, public, or private matters. None of the men of his section stand higher in the esteem of community, and his town gives him a very complimentary vote whenever his name appears for suffrage. LUTHER D. PEASLEE. Luther Dana Peaslee, son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Secomb) Peaslee, was born in Kingston, N. H., Aug. 12, 1812. His grandfather, Maj. Jacob Peaslee, whose ancestors were Scotch Highlanders, kept the old tavern four miles from Kingston Plains, in what is now South Kingston, from 1776 to 1830, which was about the period of his death. He married, first, Martha Chel- lis, and had four sons and three daughters, and all settled in Kingston, — Daniel, John (married Hannah Peaslee, of Newton, and had two children), Moses (died, aged thirty-eight years), Lydia (married Samuel Spofford, and reared a family of four children, of whom Mrs. Dr. Bassett was one), Martha (married an Eastman, and had one child, Jacob P., who became prominent in railroad construction in various parts of the United States), Hannah (married Jonathan Bartlett, and had eight children, one of whom, James M. Bartlett, now owns and occupies the old home- stead of Maj. Peaslee). Maj. Peaslee married, second, a Mrs. Clement. They had no offspring. During the depreciation of prices at the Eevolutionary war he bought a large amount of land at merely nominal figures, and thus became an extensive real estate owner. This property rapidly increased in value, and made him very wealthy for those days. He was owner of grist- and saw-mills, and employed many men. He resembled in personal appearance and traits of character Andrew Jackson. He stood at the head and front of all matters of public interest in his town, represented Kingston in the State Legislature, was of social disposition, a great practical joker, a liberal contributor to good works, despised anything like a sham, and was universally a favorite with the people. Of vigorous physique, he lived many years, dying at the good old age of eighty-eight. Daniel Peaslee, his son, was born about 1777, and was reared a farmer. Like his father, he was always in public affairs as selectman, representative, etc., and was largely engaged in lumbering, getting out many frames for buildings and ship timber, which his teams hauled to Amesbury, Salisbury, and Newbury- port, Mass. Active and energetic in everything, he accomplished much. He was captain of a cavalry troop, in which he took great pride. Very dutiful to his parents, he was always ready to relieve sufiering especially that of widows and the fatherless. He married, about 1804, Elizabeth, daughter of Simmons KINGSTON. 383 and Mary (Tappan) Secomb, of Newburyport, and settled near the old homestead, on the place now occupied by his son Simmons. He resided there until his death, and here were born nine children, — Sarah T. (married Humphrey Nichols, of Merrimao, Mass.), Martha 0. (married Harrison Pillsbury, of Sandown), Simmons S. (married Mary Eads, of ■Lowell, Mass.) and Jacob C. (now of Danville, mar- ried Juliette Page, of Danville, and has two children, twins), Luther D., John C. (deceased), Mary S. (mar- ried Dr. N. K. Kelly, of Plaistow), Samuel' S. (died, aged three years), and Carrie E. Capt. Peaslee was a man for his period, and filled well his station in life. He died April 10, 1832. Luther D. Peaslee passed his childhood on the home farm, received academic education at Atkin- son and Haverhill, taught school two terms, and, not liking farm life, went with Gideon Webster, about 1833, to Holly, N. Y., and engaged in merchandising under the firm of " Webster & Peaslee." The same firm built a store at Kendall's Corners. After three years, Mr. Peaslee purchased Mr. Webster's interest, continued trade eight months, sold out, and returned to Kingston. The young merchant showed the adap- tation to trade which has been manifested so success- fully during his entire life, and was greatly prospered. The same season of his coming East he purchased a stock of goods in North Beading, Mass., in company with Dr. Thomas Bassett, and traded there six weeks as Peaslee & Bassett, running store, hotel, post- oflice, etc., and doing a heavy business, then sold out, clearing two thousand dollars on investment.. Re- turning to Kingston in 1840, pursued the same business there. After eighteen months Mr. Peaslee bought out the doctor, and for over forty years was in business as a merchant, and prominently connected with the business interests of Kingston, and its lead- ing merchant. (It is worthy of mention that for thirty-eight years he had for confidential clerk one of the honored and most highly valued citizens of the town, Samuel Webster, Esq.) Shorly after his purchase of Dr. Bassett's interest, Mr. Peaslee erected the store so long his place of trade, which Bakie Brothers, his successors, now oc- cupy. At the solicitation of the Masonic fraternity he added a third story to the store, and made a com- modious and pleasant hall, where that brotherhood holds its sessions. Mr. Peaslee has not confined him- self to merchandising, but has been largely interested in farming, lumbering, and real estate operations in New Hampshire, Iowa, and Wisconsin. For three year-s he, with William 0. Webster, did extensive lumbering business in Wisconsin, with firm-name of Peaslee & Webster. In all his varied operations Mr. Peaslee has manifested great business talent, has uniformly been successful financially, and is in the possession of valuable real estate and a handsome property, largely the result of his foresight, shrewd mauagement^and prudence, and to-day stands high in the estimation of the best people of his town. For over twenty years he was postmaster, has been town treasurer, and represented his town in the State Leg- lature of 1881-82. He was for years trustee of Kings- ton Academy, and has taken great interest in the cause of education. He has also been a liberal con- tributor to the Congregational Church, and always could be relied upon to assist in any measure tending to advance education, morality, or the improvement of his neighborhood, of which he may justly be called one of the solid and most reliable men. He married, first, November, 1846, Charlotte F., daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Hoyt) Sanborn, of Kingston. (This Mrs. Sanborn died May 11, 1882, in Beloit, Wis., aged ninety-six years and six months.) Their only child died in infancy, and Mrs. Peaslee shortly followed, her decease occurring May 13, 1848. He married, second, Mary S., daughter of Col. Nath. Clark, of Plaistow, and Betsey Brickett, his wife. Their children were Grace B., Charlotte F., Carrie Lillie, and Mary C. (died aged six years). Mrs. Mary Peaslee died June 28, 1878, aged forty-four years. Mrs. Peaslee was a very superior woman, highly cul- tured, an amiable companion, a loving mother, fond of society, and at home in society centres. Mr. Peaslee to-day has retired from active business, is carrying his years lightly, with a pleasant philoso- phy, and with his advancing years cheered by the com- panionship of his lovely daughter and a beloved sister, Carrie, he may well feel that his lines have fallen in pleasant places. T. 0. REYNOLDS, M.D. Among the representative active and progressive physicians of Eookingham County none are more worthy a brief notice than Dr. Reynolds, and none have attained to the position where we find him to- day through more changes or greater disadvantages. Nothing but a resolute will coupled with determined and persistent mental efibrt, could have accomplished the task. Thomas Osgood Reynolds, M.D., son of Rev. Thomas F. and Mary (Currier) Reynolds, was born in Chester, N. H., Deo. 24, 1842 ; received common school advantages, which were supplemented by at- tendance at Chester Academy. When not yet twenty years of age, Aug. 26, 1862, he enlisted as a private soldier in Company I, Eleventh Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers, and went at once to partici- pate in the active service of the war of the " great Rebellion." For one year he served in the ranks, was in numerous engagements, and twice wounded, — first severely in the left side by a piece of shell, Dec. 13, 1862, at the battle of Fredericksburg, from the effects of which he has ever since suffered ; second, slightly in the leg by a Minie-ball, at Jackson, Miss., in July, 1863. On returning to Kentucky from the Department of the Gulf, after the campaign following 384 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the fall of Vicksburg, he was detailed as clerk in the General Hospital at Camp Nelson, Oct. 24, 1863, and almost immediately thereafter promoted to chief clerk, and commenced the study of medicine under A. C. Rankin, Assistant Surgeon U. S. A. He con- tinued his medical studies under private instruction, working with that energy that always insures suc- cess. His rapidity of execution and earnestness of purpose and his fidelity to every trust won him many friends, and the time passed pleasantly and profitably until the close of the war, when. May 24, 1865, he was mustered out of service at Lexington, Ky. Soon after this he was examined by a board of army sur- geons, and received an appointment as assistant sur- geon by contract from the United States government, with rank and emoluments of first lieutenant, and entered at once upon duty at his old station. Gamp Nelson, which was the headquarters of the Freed- men's Bureau for that department. Here he remained until the camp was discontinued (December, 1865), when he returned to New Hampshire. After a stay of only one week our young surgeon went to New York City, entered Bellevue Medical College as a student, and also took the regular spring course of study at Long Island College Hospital, and special instructions from the celebrated Prof Austin Flint. From New York City he went to Albany Medical College, and completed his medical studies and re- ceived his degree from that institution Dec. 24, 1866, his twenty-fourth birthday. The year after graduation Dr. Reynolds passed in extensive travel through the Western States, and on his returning East was induced to enter practice at Port Huron, Mich., but the malarious climate drove him eastward after but three months' residence. He came to New Hampshire, Jan. 8, 1869, and in Febru- ary, 1870, established himself as physician and sur- geon in Kingsto^, where he is now located. He mar- ried, July 13, 1870, Miss M. Fanny, daughter of William and Mary A. (Holman) Smith, of Raymond, N. H. .Her ancestors were of English extraction, but for several generations New Hampshire people. They have one child, Mabel. Dr. Reynolds has pre-eminent natural qualifications for a physician. Of quick perception, keen powers of analysis, and rapid reasoning faculties, he is pecu- liarly successful in diagnosis and in tracing the prog- ress of disease from effect to cause. He has been appreciated by the community, has been a member of the New Hampshire Medical Society since 1872, and has a large, successful, and remunerative prac- tice. Socially Dr. Reynolds is an unusually pleasant companion. He has a great command of language, and a fund of original wit and humor that makes his society ever pleasant. He is of positive nature, throws his soul into everything he undertakes, has all the Scotch perseverance under diflBcuIties, and rarely fails to accomplish his purpose. He is broad and liberal in his views, and in harmony with the most progressive minds of the age. He has never ceased to be a student, and from his very nature he can never cease his investigations while his mind re- tains the power of thought. He gives promise of an unusually brilliant future. Politically he is a Re- publican. He is prominent in educational matters, was for five years a member of the board of trustees of Kingston Academy, and its president in 1880. He' was made a mason of " Ion" Lodge, No. 301, Potts' Mills, Ky., in 1864; was senior warden of Gideou Lodge, F. and A. M., No. 84, Kingston, in 1876-77,- secretary in 1878, worthy master in 1879, '80, '81, and representative to the Grand Lodge in 1882. JOSEPH JUDKINS. As early as 1725, Benjamin and Samuel Judkins, brothers, were residents of the town of Kingston. Samuel had two sons, — Joel, born Sept. 25, 1712, and John, born Feb. 8, 1719. Samuel died Feb. 23, 1741. Joel, his son, married Mehitabel Calkins, Jan. 1, 1735. Their children were Samuel, born June 8, 1736 ; Moses, born Feb. 8, 1738 ; Aner, borp Sept. 11, 1739; Leonard, born September,' 1741 (went to Salis- bury) ; Joseph, born Aug. 23, 1743; Abi, born Aug. 9, 1745 ; Mehitabel, born May 23, 1747, died 1749 ; Benjamin, born April 18, 1749 ; Henry, born Dec. 5, 1750, died Oct. 20, 1825 ; Caleb, born April 16, 1753. John, the second son of Samuel, married Esther Sweat, in November, 1750. Their children were John, born 1753 ; Stephen, born 1756 ; Elisha, born 1758; and Samuel, born 1760. Henry Judkins, son of Joel, married Mary Barnard. Their children were Hannah, Mary, Abigail, Esther, Henry, Joel, and Mahitable. Henry, their oldest son, and grandson of Joel Judkins, married Lydia Brown, Nov. 28, 1811. Their children were S. B., born July 23, 1812, died July 8, 1877 ; Louisa S., born Oct. 10, 1814, died Oct. 25, 1825 ; and Joseph. Henry Judkins died June 20, 1839. Lydia, his wife, died Jan. 13, 1819. Joseph Judkins, son of Henry, was born at the old family homestead in Kingston, Jan. 16, 1817. He received a district school education, supplemented by a short attendance at Kingston Academy. His early years were passed on the farm. , When about nine- teen he left home and apprenticed himself to learn carpentering, but owing to the declining health of his father he was soon recalled home to assist his brother in conducting the farm, the entire duties of which devolved upon them. There was considerable indebtedness upon it, but the two brothers, by har- moniously uniting their efforts to that end, soon suc- ceeded in freeing the old home from the thraldom of debt, after which they divided the farm between them, yet continued to live under the same roof which had sheltered them from boyhood. They also had a grist-mill, from which considerable revenue was de- KINGSTON. 385 rived, and which they owned and conducted jointly, one taking charge one week, the other the next. Joseph married Hannah E. Blake, Sept. 15, 1846. Their children are Henry E., born July 23, 1847, died Dec. 1, 1865 ; Enoch B., born March 6, 1850 ; Arthur E., born March 30, 1859. Mrs. Judkins died June 10, 1863, and Mr. Judkins married for his second wife Abbie S. Thyng, Oct. 16, 1865. By this marriage there are no children. Enoch B. married Nellie A. True, Sept. 24, 1873. They have one child, Etta M., born Dec. 21, 1878. Mr. Judkins is not only a good representative of one of the worthy old families of Kingston, esteemed by all who know him, but is a representative man in his chosen sphere, agriculture, being one of the most diligent, careful, and energetic farmers in town, and a man whose character is above reproach. He is a member of the Congregational Society, and is liberal in his support of all good causes. A Republican in politics, he has never swerved from his allegiance to its principles. He has been honored by his towns- men with the responsible positions of town treasurer and selectman ; has been agent for thirty years of Rockingham Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Com- pany of Exeter. He was also a director of the same company, and held that position for twenty years. While Mr. Judkins has been quite successful in business, he has not been miserly in hoarding money, but has ever deemed it well expended when laid out in the improvement of his mind or productive travel. He was one of the first to attend the Centennial Ex- position in Philadelphia in 1876, and extended hia tour to the south and prominent historical places. He is the possessor of a beautiful home on the old estate, and is passing down towards the twilight of life with the happy consciousness of having passed his entire life in honest toil, and the reflection that he has done no man wrong, and secure in the love of family and acquaintance. DANIEL AND JOSEPH B. WADLEIGH. Among the most prominent of the pioneer families of Kingston were the Wadleigh and the Sleeper fam- ilies, and the sole male representative to-day in the town is Daniel Wadleigh. His grandfather, Daniel Wadleigh, is the first of which we have sufficient in- formation to give dates of birth, death, etc. He was born Sept. 21, 1758. He was a positive man, un- swerviilgly a Democrat, was often in ofiice, selectman, justice, etc., a great man for the drawing of wills, deeds, and other legal documents, was the legal ad- viser of his townspeople, and universally was known as " Squire Wadleigh." He was a man of solid worth and wealth ; married Dolly Bartlett (born June 16, 1751) on March 20, 1788. Their children were John, born Jan. 10, 1789 ; Joseph, born Oct. 30, 1790 ; Daniel, born Aug. 14, 1793 ; Hannah, born June 26, 1797, died 25 Sept. 12, 1800. He died in the full maturity of life, Jan. 31, 1813. ' Aaron Sleeper, the English emigrant, had nineteen children, settled in what became Kingston in a very early historic period, and endured all the trials of pio- neer life and dangers of savage warfare, and despite JOSEPH B. WADLEIGH. the Indians made a farm of many broad acres, which during the years of civilization have descended from generation to generation of the family, and erected the house where, it is said, the first town-meetings of Kingston were held, filled well his place among the hardy pioneers, and departed hence at a hale old age. His son Edward, born on his father's farm, Oct. 26, 1719, was a Quaker, married Anna Clough, born Jan. 3, 1722, had children, — John, Sarah, Jonathan, Ann, Aaron, Abigail Hannah. He lived to be ninety- three, was a splendid specimen of physical manhood, a large land-owner, and one of the most prominent and wealthiest men in his section. He was king's collector of taxes for years in Hawke, comprising the territory now known as Kingston, East Kingston, Danville, and Sandown. His son Jonathan, born Jan. 28, 1754, married Mary Clark, March 24, 1785. He was a farmer, and a very successful one. He attended diligently to his farm, was industrious, economical, and prudent, left all public honors and duties to others, and quietly pursued the even tenor of his life. His only child and inheritor of his wealth was Anna, horn in 1798, who married Joseph Wadleigh, above mentioned. Joseph Wadleigh had a common-school education, became a farmer and a blacksmith, married Anna Sleeper, had five children, — Jonathan S., born March 386 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 10, 1817; Daniel, died young; Hannah, born Sept. 10, 1820; Nancy, born Aug. 18, 1822; and Daniel, who is the sole survivor. Mr. Wadleigh died April 21, 1826, when his youngest son was but two years old. The great responsibility of bringing up a family and attending to a large estate (for this section) de- volved entirely upon his widow, who proved equal to the emergency, and is now living in robust health and wonderfully-preserved faculties of body and mind at eighty-four years of age. Her memory of olden times is clear and distinct, and nothing pleases her more than to live over the years of the past and tell the tale to an appreciative listener. Her closing years ara being passed on the very spot of her birth, and where her son also resides. She has been for many years a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Daniel Wadleigh, son of Joseph and Anna, was born on the old Sleeper homestead, where he now lives, March 1, 1824. He had advantages of public schools and Kingston Academy in acquiring an edu- cation, became a farmer, and always remained with his mother. As he came into manhood he engaged quite extensively in lumbering, getting out large quantities of wood and lumber. Like both his pater- nal and maternal ancestors, he is unswervingly a Dem- ocrat. He has held several town offices, and repre- sented Kingston in the State Legislatures of 1874-75. In old militia days he was a member of the Seventh Eegiment, and was successively private, sergeant, en- sign, lieutenant, and captain. He is a man repre- senting both inherited and acquired property, and one who, when his word is given, holds it as invio- lable as his bond. He is proud, and justly proud, of his ancestry, from whom he considers it an honor to be descended. He married Maria E., daughter of Benj. Hoyt, of Dover, N. H., Dec. 24, 1854. She died Oct. 26, 1856, leaving no children. Daniel Wadleigh, son of Daniel and Polly (Bartlett) Wadleigh, was born Aug. 14, 1793. He learned the blacksmith trade of his father, and also became a farmer, and a strong, vigorous, resolute man. He held a captain's commission in the light infantry, militia, and was called always "Captain Daniel." He took great interest in his soldiery, and often en- tertained them, and was much beloved by them. He knew nothing of illness, working hard at either his trade or on his farm until his last sickness, which ended his days July 31, 1862. He was loving and kind as a husband and a father, was diligent in his business, and successful in the acquisition of prop- erty. He married Sally, daughter of John and Bet- sey (Kimball) Davis. She was born within one mile of her present residence, March 12, 1808, and was mar- ried April 11, 1839. She had been all her life a hard- working woman, of more than ordinary executive ability. Left a widow twenty years ago, she has continued in charge of her husband's farm, and under her management it has done well. She is in comfort- 1 able circumstances. Her children were Elizabeth C. and Joseph B. Elizabeth was educated at Kingston Academy and the seminary at Sanbornton, and was a highly-prized teacher for years. Shortly before her death, which occurred June 13, 1874, she married William Davis, of Hampstead. Joseph B., born on the homestead of his father, where his mother now resides, was reared a farmer, had common-school ed- ucation, to which was added instruction at Kingston Academy. He remained on tbe farm, working it, making improvements, building new buildings, and otherwise adding to its value until his removal to his present residence in Kansas, where he is quite exten- sively engaged in lumbering. Like his father, he is Democratic in politics. These two, representing one of the oldest pioneer families of Kingston, are the sole male representatives of their respective branches, and the Wadleigh name in this town can be continued only through them, and neither have married. D. L. GOODWIN. Daniel L. Goodwin, son of John B. and Dorothy (Marden) Goodwin, was born in Kingston, N. H., May 9, 1839. His great-grandfather, Daniel', and grandfather, DanieP (a soldier in 1812), were both born in Newton, and were of the same family as the Goodwins of Portsmouth and Massachusetts. Dan- iel, born in 1789, was a cooper and a small farmer; married Sarah Heath, settled first in Newton, after- wards in Kingston, near Newton Junction, where he died in April, 1876. He had children,— John B., Samuel, Hannah, Mary, Henry, Frank, Thomas, William, Abby, Elizabeth. John B. had a limited common-school education, learned the shoemaker's trade, married Dorothy, daughter of Thomas and Hannah (Hunt) Marden in 1836, settled in the west part of Kingston, where he now resides. He had children, — Daniel (died in infancy), Daniel Lewis, John T., Hiram F. (deceased), Samuel (when sixteen he shipped as seaman in the United States marine service for one year, enlisted in the Sixtieth Massa- chusetts Infantry in 1861 for one hundred days, then in the Eighteenth New Hampshire volunteers, and served until the close of the war), Ehoda C. (Mrs. Henry G. Starrett, North Andover, Mass.), Harriet N. (died young), William W., Hannah D. (deceased), Sarah (Mrs. William Badger, of Newton). Daniel commenced work at a very early age (eleven years), helping his father at the shoemaker's trade, and continued this with very slight opportunity of attending school until he was nineteen. Then he worked at his trade winters until 1860, and two sea- sons for Col. Moses Page on the farm in summer. Oct. 24, 1860, he enlisted in the United States army for five years, was assigned to company K, First Regiment, light artillery, then serving in Texas, and joined his battery in December, 1860. After Gen. Twiggs' surrendei; of the department, the battery left (J'tJ'-Xl/..M.f-'l^^^\/ &-^^-e^ iZ^a Thomas Page was early in life a resident of Danville, X. H., probably born there about 1750. He was a farmer; had eight children, of whom Jabez was third son. Thomas was an active business man ; a justice many years, very genial and pleasant, and esteemed by all. He died about 1829. Jabez became a farmer j married, 1798, Sarah, daughter of John Kimball, of Poplin (Fremont). He settled in West Kingston, and had saw- and grist-mills there. He followed farming, milling, and lum- bering for years, dying in 1856. His wife survived him several years. Their children were Thomas, John, Fanny (Mrs. John Kimball), and Moses. He was originally a Democrat, but in later years a Free-Soiler. He was an honest, industrious, pru- dent man, kind in his family, and generous to the needy. Moses Page was born March 18, 1 806, had a common school and academic education, and for a short time taught district school. Learned the trade of cooper in his own shop of his employees. Married, when twenty-two, Ruth, daughter of Jonii and Susan (Emerson) Lane, of Raymond. Then purchased about seventy- five acres of land in Sandown, and engaged in fanning. Here he lived eleven years, and here were born two children, — Mary B., married Charles Carter and has one son, Elmer C, who mar- ried Addie Davis, and has one child, Bartie ; Sarah K., married Nathan Nason, and resides with her father. Her children are (1) Albion W., married Anna, daughter of Ezra, and grand- daughter of Thomas Page, and has five children,— Willie, Ara- bella, Clarence, Ernest L., and an infant ; (2) Albert F., married Laura D., daughter of Peter S. Fifield, and has two children,— Neva M. and Eldora ; (.3) Ruth Philena, married Walter S. West, and has one child, — Nathan; (4)MaryEt(a; (5) Roxana; (6) Seth F. ; (7) Freeman L. While in Sandown Mr. Page became greatly interested in militia matters, and showed great adaptation for its duties. He was promoted from the ranks to captain, his commission dating Aug. 28, 1833. After four years' service he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, being commissioned July 3, 1837 ; serving in this capacity for two years, he was commissioned colonel of the same regiment — Seventh Regiment, First Brigade, First Division, New Hampshire State Militia — June 27, 1839. He filled this position with gratifying success for four years, when, July 17, 184.3, he tendered his resignation, which was accepted. He purchased thirty-si.Y acres of land in Kingston, where he now resides, and moved thither Dec. 4, 1840 ; and has made it his residence till the present, adding from time to time to his estate, till this place now contains one hundred and eighty acres. The colonel has largely engaged in lumbering, got out many frames for buildings, ship-timber, etc. He is a member of the- Methodist Episcopal Church, joining it in 1829. He was honored by the church with the office of steward for about fifty years. He has been justice of the peace for fifteen years, and is now, in his old age, a kind old patriarch, the head of four generations, with his descendants, twenty-nine in number, all living in the same neighborhood, and loved and respected by all. Mrs. Page was a Congregationalist. She died Feb. U, 1874. KINGSTON. 387 Fort Duncan about Feb. 1, 1861, went to Browns- ville, turned over their horses, then by steamer went to the mouth of the Eio Grande, thence to Key West, Fla. After a stay there of ten months they went to New York, and were assigned to the Army of the Potomac. Mr. Goodwin has a more than ordinary military experience in the great struggle for the Union. His battery was engaged in the battles of Yorktown, Gaines'. Farm, June 26, 1862; Golding's Farm, 27th ; Peach Orchard, 28th ; Savage Station, 29th ; Charles City Cross-Roads, 30th ; Malvern Hill, July 1st; Bull Run, August 29th and 30th ; Chantilly, September 1st; Antietam, September 17th ; Fredericksburg, De- cember 12th and 13th ; Chancellorsville, May 4, 1863 ; Beverly's Ford, June 9th; Thoroughfare Gap, June 14th ; Middleburg, 19th ; Upperville, 20th ; Ashby's Gap, 21st; Gettysburg, July 3d ; Williamsport, Md., July 6th ; Boonsborough, 7th and 8th ; Brandy Sta- tion, Va., August 1st and 4th ; Culpeper, September 13th ; Raccoon Ford, 14th ; Somerville Ford, 15th ; Madison Court-House, 22d ; Bristoe Station, October 13th; Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864; Barker's Mills, 2d; Bottom's Bridge, 3d; Yellow Tavern, 10th; Semi- nary Church, 15th ; Charles City Court-House, 16th ; Ream's Station, 21st and 29th ; Black's and White's Station, 23d; Buckingham Junction, 24th; Roanoke Station, 25th; Smithfield, August 28th and 29th; Winchester, September 19th ; Fisher's Hill, 23d ; Mount Jackson, 24th ; New Market, 25th ; Port Re- public, 26th and 27th ; Thomas' Brook, October 8th ; Fisher's Hill, 9th ; Cedar Creek, 19th. He was cap- tured at Ream's Station June 29, 1864; enjoyed the hospitalities of Libby Prison thirteen days ; after- wards that of Danville, Andersonville, and Milan, Ga. While there, Sergt. Bernard Kelly of his com- pany, who had managed to conceal his watch until then, arranged with a rebel surgeon to place himself and Mr. Goodwin on the sick list for parole, and re- ceive the watch. This arrangement was carried out; they were conveyed to Savannah and placed on United States transports and, with others, taken to An- napolis. Mr. Goodwin received a furlough for thirty days, when he rejoined his company, and was sta- tioned at Pleasant Valley and Winchester, Va., dur- ing the summer. From there they went to Baltimore, when, at Fort McHenry, he was mustered out of ser- vice Oct. 24, 1865. Returning to New Hampshire he worked eighteen months in Plaistow, then one year in Haverhill, Mass., and married there Sarah F., daughter of Thomas M.^ and Martha (McKinley) Brown, of that place, and shortly after moved to Plainstow, then to Kingston, N. H., where he now re- sides. Their children are John D., Lewis M. (de- J), Lydia A., Mattie E., Susie F., and Helen of the peace, has been selectman, and now holds that office. Independent in politics, at the last election he received every vote cast in town for selectman. He is commander of Post " Gen. H. L. Patten," No. 34, G. A. R., Kingston, and a member of Riverside Lodge, No. 174, I. O. O. F., Merrimac, Mass. G. He now holds his second commission as justice 1 TliomaB M. Brown was Scott. a soldier in the Mexican war under Gen. NICHOLAS NICHOLS. Three brothers, John, Joseph, andNicholas Nichols, came from the island of Guernsey to New Hampshire in the early colonial days. Nicholas settled in Exeter as a barber, the other two went to Maine. His son Nicholas was born in Exeter, June 11, 1762. He was a younger son, as is evidenced by this document, which, with its quaint spelling, not only explains it- self, but throws some light upon the manner of edu- cation and care of the youth of the Revolutionary period : "This Indentor Witliesselh that I, John Nichols, of Exeter, Cord- winder, in the County of Rockingham, in New Hanipsher State, by vertu of a Power to me from my father, Nicholas Nichols, of Exeter, in the county aforesaid, in New Hanipsher State, Barber, Have Put my Brother Nicholas Nichols, Jun'r, an apprentis To Stepheu Williams, of Roxbury, in the County of Suffolk and Stale of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, Tanner witli him. After the manner of an apprentice to live and serve from the dateofthease pressents for and during the full Terme and Space of Three yeares to be Completed and fully Ended, which will be in the yeare of our Lord one Thousand Seven hundred and Eightey- Three, and on the Eleventh day of Febury, during all which Terme of Time the S 1865. Thomas Finnigan, 6th Regt.; enl. Dec, 9, 1863. William Oram, Co. G, 6th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 9, 1863. Albert P, Peakes, Co. A, 6th Regt.; enl, March 28, 1865; disch, July 17, 1865. Dennis Sullivan, Co, K, 7th Regt,; enl, Si'pt, 21, 1864; drowned March 25, 1866, Michael Welch, Co, I, 7th Regt,; enl. Sept, 6, 1864; disch, July 20, 1866. Thomas Antone, Co, G, 8th Regt, ; enl, Aug, 10, 1863 ; trans, U, S. N. June 18, 1864, Alonzo Gllson, Co, E, 9th Regt. ; enl. May 16, 1862 ; disch. May 14, 1865. David Smith, Co. K, 9th Regt,; enl, Dec, 9, 1863, JohnGeelan, Co, 0, 10th Regt,; enl. Aug, 10, 1863; disch, Oct, 28, 1864. Henry Tliompson, Co, F, lOtli Regt. ; enl, Aug, 10, 1863. William J. E.Burke, Co, G, 10th Regt,; enl, Aug, 10, 1863; absent, sick; no discharge furnished. Lewis Davis, Co. G, 10th Regt,; enl. Sept, 4, 1862 ; disch. Jan, 12, 1863. John H. Sullivan, Co, C, 10th Regt,; enl, Aug, 10, 1863 ; disch. Dec. 19, 1866. 392 HISTOEY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. William Clark, 11th Kegt.; enl. Dec. 23,1863. Charles Davis, 11th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Levi W. Curtis, sergt. Co. C, 13th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. to 1st sergt. ; com. in U. S. 0. T. Dec. 6, 1864. John L. Amazun, Co. 0, 13th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; trans, to navy April 29, 1864. Thomas J. Davis, Co. C, 13tli Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1862 ; killed June 15, 1864. William Hodgdon, Co. C, 13th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1862 ; disoh. Feb. 5, 1863. Oscar 0.' Hodgdon, Co. C, 13lh Eegt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. to coi-p. March 1, 1866; disch. June 21, 1866. William T. Holbroolc, Co. C, 13th Begt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1862 ; disch. Jan. 23, 1863. George W. Libbey, Co. C, 13th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1862 ; disoh. June 21, 1865. Andrew J. Stackpole, Co. C, 13th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1862. Patrick Coleman, Co. A, 13th Kcgt. ; enl. Aug. 10, 1863. Eobsrt Oliver, Co. C, 13th Eegt. ; en j . Sept. 19, 1862 ; trans, to navy April 28, 1864. Charles Carle, Co. H, 13th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1863. Judson P. Randall, Co. K; enl. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. May 28, 1866. Daniel Connor, Co. K, 18th Eegt.; enl. March 30,1866; disoh. May 6, 1865. Edward Gerrahty, Co. E, Ist Cav.; enl. March 29, 1866; disch. July 16, 1865. Charles D. Foster, 1st Cav. ; enl. March 23, 1865. John Carey, 1st Cav.j enl. March 23, 1866. James Miller, 1st Cav.; enl. March 23, 1866. John Townsend, Co. G, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 13, 1864. Dennis V. Burbank, Co. K, H. Art.; enl. Sept. IT, 1804; disch. Juno 15, 1866. ■ John V. Hodgdon, Co. K, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 24, 1864; disoh. June 16, 1866. James A. Shaw, eul. March 29, 1866; date of discharge unknown. Charles Flynn, enl. Aug. 31, 1863 ; date of discharge unknown. John Brennan, enl. Sept. 14, 1863 ; date of discharge unknown. Donald Monroe, enl. Sept. 26, 1863; date of discharge unknown.. James Merlo, enl. Oct. 10, 1863; date of discharge unknown. Isaac Pridham, enl. Sept. 23, 1864; date of discharge unknown. George D. Lamson, enl. Sept. 23, 1864; date of discbarge unknown. Harrison Spurlin, enl. March 29, 1864; date of discharge unknown. William J. Frost, enl. Sept. 2, 1864 ; date of discharge unknown. John S. Frost, enl. Sept. 2, 1864; date of discharge unknown. William T. Holbrook, enl. Sept. 2, 1864; date of discharge unknown. Frederick Bell, enl. Sept. 2, 1864; date of discharge unknown. CHAPTER LVII. NEWINGTON. Geographical— Topographical— Settlement— Indian Troubles— The Mas- sacre of " Bloody Point"— Civil History— Incorporation of Parish — Incorporation of Town— Congregational Church— Military Eecord. The town of Newington lies in the eastern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by the Piscataqua River, which separates it from Strafford County ; on the east by the Piscataqua and the town of Portsmouth ; on the south by Ports- mouth, Greenland, and Great Bay ; and on the west by Great Bay and Little Bay. The surface is generally level, and the soil near the water rich and productive. Newington was settled in about the year 1670, and soon became an important adjunct to the settlements at Portsmouth and Dover. The year 1690 was a sad one for the little settlement which had been gathered at Fox Point. Although there were not at this time any formidable tribes of Indians residing in the vi- cinity, still there were strolling bands of savages roaming about, and the pioneer history relates many instances of their barbaric warfare practiced upon the defenseless settlements. Newington was no ex- ception. In May, 1690, a band of these strolling marauders, led by a Sachem named Hapgood, made an attack on the settlement at Fox Point, and de- stroyed several houses, killed fourteen persons, and captured six prisoners. The aroused inhabitants pur- sued the savages, when a severe action occurred, in which the chief Hapgood was wounded. Some of the captives were retaken, and the plunder recovered. From this occurrence the town received the name of " Bloody Point,'' which it retained for many years. Newington is one of the old historic places or par- ishes of the State. It was embraced in what is called the Squamscut or Hilton's Point Patent. A part of Newington was claimed to lie in Dover, and a part in Portsmouth. The name Newington was given by Governor Dudley, May 12, 1714. Its bounds were settled July 28, 1714, at which time it was called a parish. It had town privileges as early as 1737, but when incorporated is not definitely ascertained. The late John Farmer, Esq., said it was in July, 1764. " Bloody Point" originally belonged to Dover, but soon after the " union,'' which took place 8th mo. 9, 1641, it was taken from Dover and given to Ports- mouth. The people did not seem to like this kind of a decision, and in 1643 petitioned to be " reannexed." This petition was signed by James Johnson,^ Thomas canning,' Thomas ffursen,' william fray, Wil- liam Jones, Thomas Trickey, John Goddard, Henry Langstaff'e,' John Fayer, Oliver Priminges, Philip Lewis and Radric (unreadable). The result of this petition was that the court "Ordered that all the marsh and meddow ground lyinge Against the Great bay on Strawberry banck side shall belonge to the Towne of Dover, together with fower hundred Akers of Upland ground Ad- joining and lying as may be most Convenient for the Improving & fencing In of the said Meadow, the Remainder of the said ground to belonge to Straw- berry Bancke, &c." This territory with the terrible name remained in the peaceable possession of " the Towne of Dover'' untill713. John Pickering was a distinguished son of this town. (See Bar chapter.) Ephraim Pickering was appointed second major in Col. Whipple's regiment in 1776, and was one of the committee of correspondence the same year, and was representative in 1780-82. He was a selectman in 1775. Congregational Church.'— The meeting-house used by the Congregational Church in this place was erected 1710. It was repaired and the interior re- modeled about fifty years ago, but with this exception 1 These made their mark. ' By Eev. George Smith. NEWINGTON. 393 is the same building that was originally erected. After the destruction by fire of the Methodist meeting- house, about 1860, it has continued to be the only meeting-house in town until the present time (1882). Its bell originally came from Newington, in England, being given and sent over the Atlantic by the people of that place. It afterwards cracked, but was recast and is still in use. In former times a sun-dial on the building answered the purpose of a clock. The church was organized Oct. 26, 1715. The origi- nal record says that on this date " a fast was kept at Newington, and a church gathered, consisting of nine members," five of whom were " formerly members of Dover Church." The first pastor of the church was Rev. Joseph Adams. He was uncle of Hon. John Adams, second President of the United States. On the 15th of January, 1716, he administered the Lord's Supper,' which the record says, "was the first sacra- ment ever administered in Newington." He con- tinued his pastorate for a period of sixty-eight years. During these many years the church records were kept in his own handwriting. The book, a small parchment-covered one, is still in existence, though from the effects of time the writing is dim and the pages much discolored. He died May 20, 1783. He was nearly ninety-five years of age. It may be of interest to notice the kind of terms on which he was settled among his people in those early days. I therefore transcribe from the old book his own statement of what these were. He says, " The record that I took of the agreement I made June 20, 1715, with the committee that were chosen to agree with me about settling in the ministry at Newington. Articles, namely, that my salary be ninety pounds. But as they pleaded the poverty of the people and the great charges they had been at in building the meet- ing-house, I consented to accept of eighty pounds for seven years. And withal I promised on their request that in case I lived bachelor, and had not a family, I would abate the six pounds, and so accept of eighty pounds for the seven years aforesaid. " That I was to have my salary agreed upon paid in money, and that at two payments, that is one-half on the last of July, as my salary began on the 1st of February, 1714, and the other half on the last of January, and so yearly. " It was agreed that I should have the stranger's contributions. " That I should have the parsonage leased for the minister's use and benefit, that is, partly cleared as is common in such cases, and all fenced with a good and sufficient fence, and also to remain for his use and benefit during his natural life. "That they would give me 60 pounds to help build my house, together with a tract of land lying near Stony Hill, namely, behind one William Withom's lands, which tract of land they promised to give me deed of, that is, upon condition of my settling and being ordained also in the ministry at Newington." This agreement was signed by Rev. Joseph Adams and seven other men,, who are styled, " A committee chosen by the people." Rev. Joseph Langdon succeeded Mr. Adams as pastor of the Newington Church. He was ordained in 1788, and was dismissed in 1810. At the date of his ordination there were twenty-six members of the church, — seven males and nineteen females. For the sixteen years succeeding the pastorate the church had only occasional supplies. In 1826 the church had become reduced to two members. During the next two years fifteen members were added. From this time there was occasional preaching until 1848, when another interval of fourteen years occurred, during which but little was done. After this Rev. Asa Mann supplied for a season with useful results. Rev. John Le Bosquet succeeded for a period of four years, closing his labors in 1863. Rev. Sewal Hard- ing supplied for the greater part of the next year. Rev. Franklin Davis then labored for eleven years.- Again it had occurred that there were only two re- maining members of this ancient church. But in 1870, in connection with the-labors of Mr. Davis, the pastor, and visits of the Young Men's Christian As- sociation of Portsmouth, an increased religious in- terest was awakened. The result was an addition to the church in that year of fourteen members. During the following six years sixteen others were added to the church. Rev. F. Davis discontinued his labors in May, 1876. At this time Mr. Willis A. Hadley began to supply the pulpit. He closed his. labors in December, 1877, having accepted a call to the Congregational Church in Rye, N. H. Rev. Elijah Roke preached from July, 1878, until November, 1879. The present acting pastor is Rev.- George Smith, formerly of Hanover Centre, N. H. The present membership of the church (June, 1882) is twenty-five, five of these being male members. Thus it will be seen that this ancient church has had a changeful history, sometimes one of much trial. Yet it has been, in the main, during the one hundred and sixty-seven years of its existence, a light and a bless- ing in this community. MILITARY EECOEB, 1861-65. « William Bergmann, Co. B, 6th Kegt.; enl. Dec. 30, 1863. ■* Adolph Beck, Oo. B, 6th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 31 , 1861. August Meier, Oo. B, 6th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 30, 1863 ; killed June 16, 1864. William Robinson, Co. D, 6th Regt. ; enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Meyer Smith, Co. B, 6th Regt. ; enl. Deo. 31, 1863. otto Scholz, Oo. B, 6th Regt. ; enl. Jan. 2, 1864. August Vritze, Oo. B, 6th Regt. ; enl. Jan. 2, 1864. Joseph Simpson, Co. A, 6th Regt.; enl. Sept. 11, 1862; died Sept, 7, 1863. William Bowlen, Co. C, 6th Eegt.; enl, Sept. 3, 1862 ; pro. Corp. ; died July 28, 1864. George C. Williams, Co. C, 6th Rogt.; enl. Sept. 3, 1862; disch. June 4, 1865. Thomas Hughes, Co. A, 7th Kegt. ; enl. Oct. 1, 1864. Alfred P. Dearborn, Co. K, 13th Regt.; enl. Sept. 20, 1862; pro, to sergt,; dIsch. July 10, 1865. Lorenzo D. Drew, Oo. F, 13th Regt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. May 29, 1863, 394 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. George W. Brown, Co. K, 13th Eegt.: enl. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. June 21, 1866. John Harrison, Co. K,13th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. June 23, 1865. Alfred P. Derochment, Co. K, 13th Eegt. ; eul. Sept. 20, 1862 ; disch. Not. 10, 1862. John B. Le Bosquet, corp. Co. K, 16th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 26, 1862 ; disch. Aug. 20, 1863. James Mclntire, Co. K, 13th Regt.; enl. Sept. 20, 1862 ; pro. corp. .Ian. 1, 1865: disch. June 21, 1866. George Taylor, Co. K, 13th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 20, 1862 ; pro. Corp. ; disch. May 10, 1865. John Crystal, Co. K, 1st N. H. Cav.; enl. Sept. 8, 1862; disch. June 5, 1865. William H. Berry, Co. A, H. Art.; enl. July 2, 1863; disch. Sept. 11, 1866. Eiohard Carey, Co. L, H. Art. ; enl. Oct. 14, 1864 ; disch. Sept. 11, 1866. William H. H. Young, enl. Sept. 19, 1862 ; date of disch. unknown. John Grant, enl. Sept. 19, 1864; date of disch. unknown. James Skinner, U. S. C. T. ; enl. Oct. 3, 1864 ; date of disch. unknown. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. JAMES HOYT. James Hoyt, son of William Hoyt and Charlotte Pickering, was born in the town of Newington, N. H., Dec. 12, 1804. His ancestors were among the early settlers of Stamford, Conn., and Newing- ton, N. H., and the family has been prominent in several of the States for many generations in relig- ious and political affairs. The family is very numer- ous, and numbers among its. members some of the most prominent men in America. There is a family genealogy published, from which may be traced nearly all the Hoyts in' this country. The grandfather of James Hoyt was John, who had four children, viz : Hanson, who settled in Maine and had several children ; William, father of James ; and two daughters, one of whom married a James Pickering and the other married Ebenezer Adams. John Hoyt was a farmer in Newington, N. H. ; lived and died here. William Hoyt, son of Johij, was a tailor by trade, but did not work at it much after he married Char- lotte, daughter of Winthrop Pickering. He was prin- cipally a farmer by occupation in Newington. He had nine children, — six sons and three daughters, — viz. . Phebe, Winthrop, Hanson, Charlotte, William, Hannah, Dennis, Thomas, and James, all of whom grew to maturity, and resided in or near Newington, and were farmers generally, and seven of whom had children. All of this large family are dead except James. William Hoyt died Aug. 2, 1832, aged seventy years, and his wife died Aug. 3, 1840, aged seventy- seven. James Hoyt received an injury when he was about eleven years of age, which resulted in the amputa- tion of his left leg. Not being able to work on the farm he was sent to school, and at nineteen com- menced teaching, which he followed successfully for many years in Portsmouth and adjoining towns. He returned to Newington in 1842, and has since then resided on his farm. July 21, 1833, he married Lydia, daughter of Israel O. Smith, of York, Me. Of this union eight children were born, viz. . Israel S., Co- rinne, James A., Joseph S. (deceased), Florence, Benjamin S., Mary H. (deceased), and William A. (deceased). In politics, Mr. Hoyt was a Democrat until the Rebellion, since which time he has been a stanch Republican. He has held various town offices with credit to himself and satisfaction to his constituents. Mrs. Hoyt died Jan. 4, 1876, .leaving the impress of a noble life upon the characters of her children, one of whom, James A,, resides in Arkansas, and the remainder in Newington. WILLIAM W. NUTTEE. Matthias Nutter was born in the town of Newing- ton, N. H., in 1740, and died in th« same town in 1818. He was a ship-carpenter by trade, and owned a farm in Newington. He was three times married. By his first wife he had eight children, by his second wife six children, and by his third wife, Mary Fol- som, seven children, viz. : Elizabeth, William W., Lovina, Sarah J., Alfred, who died in infancy, and Alfred (2), and Olive P. Mrs. Mary Folsom Nutter died in 1874 or 1875 at the age of ninety-five years. William White Nutter was born in Newington, N. H., Sept. 22, 1808. His advantages for an educa- tion were limited to the common schools of his native town. His life work has been that of a farmer. He married Frances I., widow of Isaac Brackett, and daughter of Isaac Dow, in 1873. She died July 15, 1880. Mr. Nutter is a Republican in politics, though in early life he was a Democrat, and afterwards a Free- soiler, casting one of the first votes for that party ever cast in the town of Newington. He has been select- man of his town, and representative to the General Assembly in 1855. Mr. Nutter is a very social gentleman, a man es- teemed for his many noble qualities of head and heart. He is charitable towards all benevolent enter- prises, and kind and hospitable to the poor. PAUL ROLLINS. Paul Rollins, only son of Paul and Martha (Clark) Rollins, was born on the old Rollins homestead, in the town of Newington, N. H. He was a lineal de- scendant of James Rollins, who was born in England about 1605, came to Ipswich, Mass., in 1682, and was at Dover as early as 1634. The hundred-acre farm which he settled is still in the possession of the family. He owned slaves. He was reprimanded by the Gov- ernor for harboring Quakers. More than twenty-five of his descendants were under arms in the Revolu- mo '■■'. F.BJfai'>i 5.jns/5JJ^, NEWMARKET. 395 tionary war, and over fifty in the war of the Rebellion, all on the right side. The family name of Rollins, sometimes spelled "Rawlins," is common in England. There are many monuments and memorial tablets of this family in Warwickshire and elsewhere, and one in the church at Stratford-on-Avon. One of his sons, Ichabod Rollins, was born before 1640, was taxed at Newington, then Dover, in 1665, and was killed by the Indians, May 22, 1707. He had a son, Jeremiah, who had a son Hon. Ichabod, who had a son John, who had a son John, who had a son Hon. Daniel G., who is the father of the Hon. Edward A. Rollins. Samuel Rollins, the grandfather of Paul Rollins, was a farmer in Newington, N. H. One of his sons was named Paul, who succeeded his father as a farmer on the old Rollins homestead, which has been in the Rollins family since its settlement. Paul Rollins, the subject of our sketch, received a common-school and academic education. He was a farmer by occupation. He married Deborah, daughter of Ephraim Pickering and Martha Coleman, and to them were born four children, viz. : Martha C. (de- ceased) ; Ephraim F. (deceased), who married Abigail Frink, and had two children, one of whom, Mrs. Mar- garet Prescott, is living in Boston, andtheother, Wil- liam (deceased), left a daughter, Alice A. ; Lydia' ; and Daniel* (deceased). Paul Rollins was a Democrat in politics. He held nearly all the important town offices, and was a member of the State Legislature. He died at fifty- nine years of age, and his wife died in her eighty- third year. Lydia Rollins, the only surviving child of Paul Rollins, is now far advanced in life, but she retains to a remarkable degree her faculties, and now (1882) transacts her own business. She inserts the view of the old " Rollins Homestead" in memory of her ancestors. CHAPTER LVIII. NBWMARKET.i Newmaeket is situated in the northeast corner of Rockingham County, at the head of tide- water, on the Lamprey River and on Great Bay. It is thirty-six miles southeast from Concord, fourteen miles west from Portsmouth, eight miles north from Exeter, and nine miles south from Dover. It is fifty-seven miles from Boston, on the Boston and Maine 'Railroad, which passes directly through the town. The Ports- mouth and Concorti Railroad also passes on and near the southern boundary, crossing the Boston and Maine at the " Junction." Tradition says that the Lamprey River took its name from a Frenchman by the name of John Lam- 1 By A. L. Mellows, Esq. prae, who first settled on its shores. Other tradition has it that the name was derived from the abundance of lamprey eels that formerly thronged its waters. About one and a half miles northwest of the vil- lage is what is known as the Chapman Spring; it issues through a large aperture under the roots of a maple-tree at the foot of a gentle declivity. The water is very pure, soft, and limpid. Its flow of water has been gauged, and it was found to discharge 149,610 gallons of water every twenty- four hours, about 6234 gallons per hour, and over 100 gallons per min- ute. As far back as tradition can trace its history it is said that there has not been any perceptible varia- tion in the quantity of water discharged. Whether the seasons are wet or dry, cold or hot, the quantity does not vary. About twenty rods below the spring, across the ravine worn by its waters, a dam has been built and a building for mechanical purposes of vari- ous kinds erected, where quite an amount of business is done by machinery propelled wholly by the waters of this spring. The waters then fall into the Piscassic River, a branch of the Lamprey, about one mile above the village, and constitute one of the main sources of supply to that stream, especially during dry seasons. The geological formation of Newmarket is mostly a sandy loam with a clay subsoil. Near Newmarket Junction is quite a large area of drift, from which the Boston and Maine Railroad take sand for repairing and building the bed of the road. Ledges of gran- ite crop out here and there with great frequency. There are also ledges of dike or trap-rock, with some quartz and feldspar. A short distance south of the village, near the highway leading to Exeter, is a granite formation known here as Great Hill. In a seam or vein of quartz faced with trap-rock running through this hill gold and silver and other ores have been found ; but it has not yet been explored to suf- ficient depth to determine whether they exist in pay- ing quantities. What is now Newmarket and South Newmarket was formerly, and down to the year 1737, a part of Exeter, and its history prior to that date belongs to the annals of the latter town. Newmarket has no official records extending back further than the year 1784. These records, prior to that date, were seven years since destroyed by fire. Prior to the incorporation of Newmarket as a sepa- rate town, Exeter extended to the line of Dover, which latter town included Medbury and Durham. For many years quite a controversy existed between Dover and Exeter as to where the boundary line be- tween the two was or should be located, Exeter claim- ing that the line was the Oyster (now Durham) River, while Dover claimed that the Lamprey River was the dividing line. Finally, about the year 1868, a com- mittee was appointed to settle the question of the boundary, which they decided to be Lamprey River. There is now no means of determining who erected 396 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the first house or commenced the first settlement here. The most that can now be ascertained is that at an early date, probably about the time of the settlements at Exeter, Dover, and Durham, a small settlement was made here. The principal business of the set- tlers at that time was fishing, and the name may have been derived from the fact that a new market was opened for the sale and purchase of fish. Afterwards a saw-mill, grist-mill, and carding-mill were erected, and the place became quite a lumber mart. Much ship timber was cut and carried from here, and at one ! time, for quite a period, a large ship-yard was in active j operation, and ships of the capacity of five hundred tons were built here and floated to Portsmouth, where they were rigged and put in order for sea. Seven vessels, some of them quite large for those \ times, have been on the stocks here in process of I building at one time, and twenty-one of all kinds have been built here in a single year. Ship-building ; was also carried on at Newfields village (then a part i of Newmarket, now South Newmarket) by Zechariah Beals, Dudley Watson, George Hilton, and others, | and lumber and shooks were shipped there direct from ; the West Indies. '. The first official reference we have been able to find - to the site and organization of this town is in the pro- ceedings of the Provincial Legislature, and in the legal proceedings, as found in the records of the courts, for fixing the boundary between Exeter and Dover. In 1668 one Edward Colcord testifies that the northerly bounds of Exeter, mentioned in an agree- ment made with We-lian-now-now-it, the chief saga- more of the Indians located here, was the westerly part of Oyster River, about four miles northerly be- yond Lamperiele River. This (Oyster) river is sev- | eral times mentioned as the boundary between Exeter and Dover, Exeter claiming to own a strip of land northerly of the river. Like many early names of localities, rivers, and mountains, we find the name of | this river spelled in various ways, as Lamperiete, Lam- preele, Lampreel, LanipeUl, and Lamprele. It was j claimed to be six miles from Exeter, and six miles ' from Dover. It is, in fact, about eight miles from Exeter and about nine from Dover. In 1652 one H. Nutter makes a deposition that in the year 1636 the land about Lamprill River ' was in possession of the inhabitants of Dover, on both sides the river, both for fishing and planting and fell- ing timber. One William Furber also testifies to the i same. John Baker testifies that he was one of a j committee to fix the bounds between Exeter and j Dover, and that Lamprey River was the bounds. , Here we find the name of this river spelled Lamprey for the first time. In 1719 a committee was appointed to renew the line of a tract of land granted by Massachusetts to Portsmouth, and that two miles were added to the six miles before granted ; which two miles to be appro- priated to the encouragement of the iron-works build- ing at Lamprill River, for cole, wood, etc., and for settling people thereon, to be imported for that ser- vice, and settled in such order as a committee ap- pointed for that purpose shall direct, and that Mark Hunking, Geo. Jaffry, and Richard Waldron, Esqs., and Col. James Davis, Capt. Timothy Gerrish, and Capt. Samuel Tibbetts be the committee for laying out and building said land, and that Samuel Pen- hallow, Esq., be added for directing the settlement. The next mention we find of this river and settle- ment is also in connection with the line between Dover and Exeter, in the same year. It is therein provided that those holding the eldest grants of land shall be good to them that have them, always except- ing highways and such land sufficient to mills or works set up on Lamprile River. The next mention found of this place is that a pe- tition was presented to the Legislature, praying for the erection or establishment of a parish in the north part of Exeter. Upon this petition the following action was had : In Council, Dec. 14, 1727, it was ordered that the prayer of the petitioners be granted, and that the pe- titioners have leave to bring in a bill accordingly, and that the name of the parish be Newmarket. In the House of Representatives the same day, "' Read and concurred." In the proceedings of the Provincial Legislature, Aug. IS, 1737, it was voted that Newmarket have liberty to bring in a bill, and to have the privilege of choosing their town officers as other towns have. Newmarket, then, seems to have been formed into a parish in 1727, and in 1737, ten years later, given town privileges, or incorporated as a town. Prior to June 27, 1849, what is now the town of South Newmarket constituted a part of Newmarket. At that time South Newmarket was set oiF and in- corporated into a separate town. Before this the vil- lage here was called " Lamprey River," and the vil- lage now in South Newmarket was called " Newfields," the Concord and Portsmouth Railroad at Newmarket Junction being at that point, on or near the line of separation. Newmarket remained as then constituted till June, 1870, when a portion of Durham was an- nexed to and became a part of this town. By this annexation the population of Newmarket was in- creased to about 2300, being, by the census of 1870, 19S7. In 1880 the census gives us a population of 2369, which has since increased, so that at this date (1882) we have a population of rising 2500. At onejiime Newmarket was the sixth town in the State in population, and is now the third in Rocking- ham County ; but by the settlement and growth of such places as JManchester, Peterborough, Keene, Rochester, Somersworth, Milford, Nashua, and others, and the cutting off" of South Newmarket, notwith- standing the annexation of a portion of Durham, it has proportionally fallen behind, so that it now ranks as about the fifteenth in the State. NEWMAEKET. 397 Manufactures.— As before stated, the principal business of the town in its early days was fishing, lumbering, and ship-building. In 1822 the New- market Manufacturing Company was incorporated, and the building of No. 1 mill was commenced the next year, and completed in 1824. This mill had 2560 spindles. No. 2 was built in 1825, and had 4096 spindles. No. 3 was built in 1827, and the machinery put in two years afterwards. This mill had 1034 spindles. In 1832 the company ran 13,824 spindles in the whole. No. 2 was destroyed by fire the 1st of September, 1857, and rebuilt the next" year. No. 4 was completed in 1869. After the erection of this mill the company ran 39,000 spindles, 906 looms, employed 500 operatives, and turned out about 160,000 yards of different kinds of cotton cloth per week. Their pay-roll then amounted to about S11,000 per month. These mills are all built of stone, the three first of large blocks of granite, and the fourth of a kind of trap-rock or slate. In 1881 a fifth mill was built. This is built of brick, is 363 feet long, 94 feet wide, and two stories high, with a tower and basement. This mill is used for weaving. The com- pany now run 55,000 spindles, turn out 300,000 yards of cloth per week, employ 700 operatives, and their monthly pay-roll amounts, on an average, to about $17,000. The amount of invested capital is about $1,500,000. Hon. Daniel M. Durell was the first president of the company. The agents have been, first, Stephen Hanson ; he was succeeded by Stephen A. Chase, and he by Benjamin Wheatland ; after him came John Webster, who was succeeded by George W. Frost. Mr. Frost held the office of agent about thirty years, and down to. July 1, 1879, when he died very sud- denly while bathing. He was succeeded by Ambrose J. Nichols, who still fills that position. The company is in a flourishing condition of prosperity, and under his prudent and careful management is paying the stockholders fair dividends. In 1862, Lafayette Hall erected a machine-shop nearly a mile out of the village, on the Packer's Falls road. The water of the Piscussic Eiver furnishes most of the motive-power for the machinery in this shop. When the water falls short he has steam- power to supply the demand. The first mill or shop was built in 1862. In 1876 this shop and machinery was destroyed by fire. This was immediately rebuilt, and again burned to the ground in 1877. With char- acteristic energy, Mr. Hall again rebuilt, and is now doing a successful business. He uses here from six hundred to eight hundred tons of iron iu a year. This is manufactured into bolts, nuts, washers, screws, railroad furnishings, etc. He employs on an av- erage about fifteen men, and pays out for help some five thousand dollars annually. Quite a little village has grown up here, which has taken the name of Hallsville. Churclies and Religions History.— Prior to 1730 a meeting-house had been erected a few rods north of where the hotel now stands at the " Junction." The minister was supported by public taxation. The first preacher settled here was Rev. John Moody in 1730, who died in 1778, having supplied the pulpit forty- eight years, the last five years of which he seems to have been assisted by Rev. Nathaniel Ervin, who was settled in 1773, and dismissed in 1797, and who died in 1806. Rev. Samuel Tombs, as colleague of Mr. Ervin, was settled in 1792, and dismissed in 1797. Rev. S. M. NateU was employed to supply the pulpit six months in 1798. In 1799, Rev. James Thurston was settled over this church, and dismissed about the year 1808. He was the last minister settled by the town and church. This was then called the Established Church, but was classed as Congregational. There seems here to have been a kind of religious interregnum or hiatus of about twenty years, during which the church must probably have employed a preacher without the aid of the town or public sup- port. For some little time prior to 1828 the Congre- gationalists held their meetings in the Newmarket Manufacturing Company's wooden warehouse, the same building that now stands on or near the wharf in their yards. The first sermon was preached there by the Rev. John P. Cleaveland, and the first Sab- bath-school in town was organized there. May 22, 1828, Rev. David Sanford was installed pastor of this church. Immediately thereafter the society took measures to build a meeting-house, which was dedicated December 20th the same year. Rev. Mr. Cleaveland, who had preached the first sermon in the old warehouse, preached the dedicatory sermon here from the text (Neh. ii. 18), "So they strength- ened their hands for the good work.'' This is the same house where the society now worships. Mr. Sanford continued their pastor till June 22, 1830, a period of a little over two years, when he was dismissed. He was succeeded by Rev. Ossimus Tin- ker, who was ordained and installed Dec. 8, 1830, and dismissed Oct. 29, 1833, remaining with the church a little less than three years. He was suc- ceeded by the Rev. Constantine Blodgett, who was installed Dec. 2, 1834, and dismissed June 15, 1836. Following him was the Rev. J. Gunnison, who was installed Feb. 22, 1837, and preached till October 9th the same year, a period of about eight months. Rev. T. T. Richmond was acting pastor of said church from 1838 to 1842, a period of about four years. Rev. S. S. N. Greeley was installed as pastor Dec. 15, 1842, and dismissed Feb. 23, 1847. Rev. C. Chamberlin was acting pastor one year, from 1847 to 1848. He was succeeded by Rev. E. C. Coggswell, who acted as pastor from 1848 to 1854, about six years. After him the Rev. .James Palmer acted as pastor from 1855 to 1858. Rev. Elias Chapman fol- lowed him as acting pastor from 1859 to 1862, about three years. In 1862, May 21st, Rev. George D. 398 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Blodgett was installed pastor of this church, and was dismissed October 1st the same year. Then Rev. S. D. Bowker was acting pastor from 1863 to 1864, a period of about one year. The next year, 1865, Rev. Isaac C. White became acting pastor of said church, and has ever since to the present time acceptably filled that position, a pe- riod now of about seventeen years, about three times as long as any one of his predecessors. Under his ministrations the church has prospered, increased in numbers, and been strengthened. He is an able, pru- dent, and discreet man, much beloved and respected, and has filled his position with honor to himself and benefit to the church and to the community. A Methodist Episcopal Church. — was organized in this town in 1827, and a meeting-house built the same year. The Eev. Samuel Kelly was their first preacher, and ministered to this church during the years 1828 and 1829. He was succeeded by Eev. Ezra Sprague, who remained only one year, 1830. Eev. Ezekiel Stickney followed him and remained two years, 1832 and 1833. Eev. William Hatch was their preacher one year, 1834. He was succeeded by Eev. James M. Fuller, who remained during the years 1835 and 1836. Eev. James M. Marey ministered to this church for the years 1837 and 1838 ; Eev. Elisha Scott for the year 1839, and Eev. Silas Greene for the year 1840. After him came Eev. William Hatch for the second time, who remained during the years 1841 and 1842. He was succeeded by Eev. Samuel Kelley, who also came for the second time, and remained during the years 1843 and 1844. He was followed by Eev. Lo- renzo D. Burrows, who remained during the years 1845 and 1846. Then came Eev. James Pike, who labored with the church during the years 1847 and 1848. Eev. James Thurston succeeded him, and ministered to the church only one year, 1849. Eev. Henry H. Hartwell preached here in the years 1850 and 1851. Then came Eev. Newell Culscer, who oflBciated in the years 1852 and 1853. He was suc- ceeded by Eev. Charles E. Harding for the years 1854, and 1855. He was succeeded by Eev. Gadford M. Dinsmore, who officiated for the years 1856. 1857, and 1858. Next came Eev. Samuel Beedle, who remained only one year, 1859. In 1860 and 1861 the church was presided over by Eev. William H. Jones. He was followed by Eev. Eobert Stubbs, who remained only one year, 1862. Then followed Eev. John L. Trefren, who preached two years, 1863 and 1864. Next came Eev. George W. H. Clarke, who re- mained one year, 1865. After him came Eev. Henry P. Copp, who was here two years, 1866 and 1867. In 1868 and 1869 the church was presided over by Eev. 0. H. Call. In 1870, Eev. Thomas L. Flood came here as pastor, and remained two years. Under his administration the old meeting-house was abandoned and sold, and the new one now occupied by the society on Main Street was built at an expense of about twenty-five thousand dollars. Mr. Flood was succeeded by Eev. Elijah R. Wil- kins, who remained only one year, 1872. Then fol- lowed Eev. Orange W. Scott, who remained two years, 1873 and 1874. He was succeeded by Eev. George J. Judkins, who remained two years, 1875 and 1876. He was followed by Eev. Henry Dorr in the years 1877 and 1878. . Next after him came Messrs. T. Cilley, who min- istered to the church in the years 1879 and 1880. Then followed Eev. Charles B. Pitblado, who came here in 1881, and is still preaching in this church in his second year, 1882. And, what is a remarkable fact, these preachers, a ghort time since, were all still living with two excep- tions, and these have quite recently died. These ex- ceptions were the Eevs. Greene and Stickney. In 1827 the Free-Will Baptists built a meeting- house a little west of the village, near where the dwelling-house of George K. Leavitt now stands. In this the Eev. John Osborne preached for a short time. He was not a Free-Will Baptist, but belonged to the Christian Baptist order. He was followed by Eev. Daniel P. Cilley, the first Free-Will Baptist minister settled here. The present Free-Will Baptist meeting- house in the village was erected in 1836. In this Cilley also preached a number of years. He was succeeded by Eev. Elias Hutchins. Their next min- ister was Rev. Sidney Frost. After him came Rev. Maxy W. Burlingame, and he was succeeded by Rev. Allen Eastman, who was followed by Rev. Levi B. Tasker, and he by Rev. Willet Vary, and after him came Rev. A. J. Davis. Then they employed Eev. Edwin Marison, who was succeeded by Sullivan Cicero Kimball. After him Eev. John A. Lowell ministered to this church. He was succeeded by Eev. DeWitt C. Durgin, who was followed by Eev. J. H. Durkee. Then followed Rev. John Malvern, and after him came Rev. David A. Adams, and next Rev. B. F. Jefferson, who is still preaching for this church. A fewyears since the Roman Catholics organized a society here, and at first purchased and occupied a building previously used as a carpenter's shop, near the depot, the same now occupied by Thomas and John Griffin as a dwelling-house. The Eev. Father Walsh was their first pastor. During his ministra- tion the stone house on " Zion's Hill," formerly occupied by the Universalists, and later by the Uni- tarians under the ministration of the Eev. Mr. Damon, was purchased and is now occupied by them. Father Walsh was succeede'd by Eev. Father Charles Egan, and he by Eev. Father Lewis. Then Eev. Father McDonald ministered to this church, and he was succeeded by Eev. Father C. W. Calligan, and he by the present pastor, Eev. Father Dennis Eyan. These churches are now all in a healthy, flourish- ing condition. Banks. — Newmarket Bank was first incorporated NEWMARKET. 399 A.D. 1855, capital eighty thousand dollars. In a.d. 1865 it was changed to Newmarket National Bank, with the same capital, and still continues as such. The presidents of the bank have been Z. Dow Creigh- ton, .Joseph S. Lawrence, "William B. Small, and Joseph C. Burley, who now holds that ot&ce. At its first organization Samuel A. Haley was elected cash- ier, and has held the position continuously to the present time. Newmarket Savings-Bank was incorporated a.d. 1832. Henry C. Weatherby was its first treasurer. Then James M. Chapman held that office. He was succeeded by David Murray, who held the office till his failing health and advanced age compelled him to resign, and Samuel A. Haley was chosen to the position, which he now holds. The first president was George W. Kittridge, who held the office till his health was so impaired he had to resign its duties, and William B. Small was elected to fill the place, which position he held to the time of his death. After his decease Napoleon B. Tread- well was chosen to the position, and now holds the office. The deposits now amount to rising one hun- dred thousand dollars. Both of these banks are in a sound, healthy, and flourishing condition, and doing a profitable business. Biographical. — Among those who have been prom- inent business men in this town and held important public positions are the following: George W. Kittridge was born in B^jping, N. H., Jan. 31, 1805. He fitted for college at Phillips' Exeter Academy, and entered the medical class at Cambridge, Mass. In 1825 he settled in Newmarket as a phy- sician, and continued in active practice till about two years before his death, when his failing health com- pelled him to retire from business. He represented this town in the Legislature in 1835, 1847, 1848, and 1852. In the last year he was elected Speaker of the House of Representatives. He represented this dis- trict in the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses. For over twenty years he was a director of the Boston and Maine Railroad, and was president of the New- market Savings-Bank for over forty years. His father. Dr. Kittridge, of Epping, had eight sons, all of whom became physicians. He (George W.) died in New- market, March 5, 1880, aged seventy-five years. The doctor never was married. He left an estate valued at about forty thousand dollars. David Murray was born Oct. 5, 1796.- His educa- tional advantages in his school-boy days were quite limited, yet by reading and study in later life he came to be a'well-informed business man, and held many ' positions of public trust. Commencing in 1829, Mr. Murray probably had charge of the settlement of more estates and other business in the Probate Court up to the time of his decease than any other man in the county. He was three years a member of the Legislature, eleven years selectman, six years town treasurer, and three years register of deeds for Rock- ingham County, and a justice of the peace from 1827 to the time of his death. For fifty years he held some one or more minor offices. He was notary public thirty-three years and treasurer of the , New- market Savings-Bank about twenty years. For about thirty-five years he prosecuted claims against the gov- ernment for soldiers' bounties, land warrants, and pensions, and was for many years an agent for sev- eral reliable leading fire insurance companies, among which were the ^tna, Home, People, Howard, and Rockingham Companies. He died Jan. 16, 1879, aged eighty-two years, — that " noblest work of God," an " honest man." Abner P. Stinson some years ago kept a hotel near the " Junction," which was a noted resort for poli- ticians in those days. He was a man of considerable influence in the old (JefTersonian) Republican party, and was at one time warden of the New Hampshire State prison. He afterwards emigrated to some place in the West, where he died, an old man, in 1871. This hotel was afterwards kept for many years by Joseph Langley, Esq. Prior to the incorporation of the Newmarket Bank in 1855, Samuel A. Haley and, his brother Benjamin F. were engaged here in trade and the manufacture of clothing quite extensively, under the firm-name of S. A. & B. F. Haley. Some years after, S. A. Haley was. employed as cashier of the bank. They dissolved the partnership, and Benjamin F. carried on the busi- ness alone, greatly increasing the business, employing about five hundred hands, male and female. He has quite recently made another change, selling out most of his retail trade, and gone extensively into the manu- facture of clothing, not only for the Boston and New York wholesale traders and jobbers, but sells many goods West and South. Besides his large manufac- tory here, he has also another at Dover. In addition to these he also has a custom clothing department, and has been extensively engaged in the manufacture of military and band uniforms. John S. Bennett commenced the tin and hardware business in Newmarket in 1843. In 1850 his brother Edwin entered into partnership with him, under the firm-name of J. S. & E. Bennett. The business was enlarged, and included coal, wood, and lumber, in which they dealt quite extensively. They employed from forty to fifty men at one period, and did an an- nual business of about one hundred thousand dollars. In 1873 they sold out here, and bought a two-thirds interest in the Merrimac Foundry in Lawrence, Mass. John S. died in Lawrence in 1876. He was an active, energetic business man, and the town was enlivened and made progressive by his business asso- ciations. Edwin still lives in Newmarket, but is not in business at present. Hon. William B. Small was born in Lewiston, Me., May 17, 1817. He was educated at Phillips' Exeter Academy, and taught school in Exeter. He read law in the office of Bell & Tuck, in Exeter. He came to 400 HISTOEY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Newmarket in 1846 or 1847, and commenced prac- tice here. By studious application and faithfulness in all his duties he soon took a front rank in the pro- fession, and had a large and successful practice. He represented the town in the Legislature, and was chosen State Senator from this district. He was a. member of Congress in 1874-75. He died April 7, 1878, aged sixty-one years, honored, respected, and mourned by a large circle of friends. "God works a wonder now and then — He wae a lawyer and an honest man." James B. Creighton commenced business in New- market with Gardner Towle, under the firm-name of Towle & Creighton, and afterwards in company with his son, Z. Dow Creighton, as J. B. Creighton & Son. He represented the town in the lower branch of the Legislature several years, and was a member of the State Senate in 1836. He afterwards retired to his farm, and is still living at the advanced age of ninety- two years, highly respected. James M. Chapman was a lawyer of some local repute, was two years treasurer of the savings-bank. He was an active politician, represented the town in the State Legislature, and filled at some time almost all the town oflBces. Under Pierce's administration he Was postmaster here in the village. Arthur Branscombe was engaged in privateering in 1812 ; after the war closed came to Newmarket, and for many years was engaged in trade here. He was a man widely known and much respected. He repre- sented the town in the Legislature many years. He died some twenty-seven years ago. Rev. John Broadhead resided in that part of the town which now forms South Newmarket. He was a man of much ability, and cpntributed in a marked degree to make the Methodists the leading religious society in this section. He was at one time a member of Congress from this district. The first newspaper printed here was in 1841, by J. L. Beckett, called the Granite State Democrat. It was moved from Exeter here, and continued but a short time. In 1842, Brackett Palmer, Esq., started a paper here called the Argus, which also soon died out. In 1873, J. D. P. Wingate started the Mw- market Advertiser here. It has changed hands two or three times, and is now owned, printed, and pub- lished by Frank H. Pinkham, an enterprising young man of this village, who, in connection with a good "job office," has made it a success. Representatives. — The representatives from this town in the State Legislature from 1784, which is the earliest date of which we have any official record, have been as follows : 1784-85. James Hill. 1786. Voted not to send. 1787. Samuel Brooks. 1788-91. Nathaniel Kogers.. 1792. James Hill. 1793. None chosen. 1794-96. Josiah Adams. 1797-98. James Smith. 1799-1802. James Hill. 1803-4. Jeremiah Mead. 1805. James Hill. 1806-8. Jeremiah Mead. 1809-10. David Chapman, Jr. 1811. Dudley Watson. 1812-13. David Chapman, Jr. 1814. Dudley Watson. 1815. .John M. Smith. 1816-20. Jeremiah Meade. 1821. George Hilton. 1822-25. Arthur Branscomb. 1826-27. Abner P. Stin.ion. 1828. Arthur Branscomb. 1829. James B. Creighton. 1830. Arthur Branscomb. 1831-33. David Murray. 1834. James B. Creighton. 1835. George W. Kittredge. 1836. James B. Creighton.i 1837. Nathaniel B. Burleigh. Oliver Lamprey. 1838. Oliver Lamprey. George 0. Hilton. 1839-40. George O. Hilton. William W. Stickney. 1841. William W. Stickney .2 1842. John M. Towle. Nathaniel E. Burleigh. 1843. John M. Towle.' 1844-45. Joseph E. Doe. Benjamin Brooks. 1846-47. Joseph D. Finder. George W. Dearborn.* 1848. George W. Kittredge. Nathaniel Stevens. 1849. Nathaniel Stevens. George 0. Hilton. 1850. George W. Kittredge. Jonathan Garland. 1851. Jonathan Garland. Benjamin Muthes. 1852. Benjamin Muthes. James M. Chapman. 1853. James M. Chapman. 1878 (For years 1879-80). John F. Ham, Jr. Charles E. Winkley. 1880 (For years 1881-82). Nathan H. Leavitt. James^Munroe. Physicians. — The physicians who have lived and practiced in this town are as follows : Nathaniel Kid- der, George W. Gale, Perly Blodgett, George W. Kitt- redge, John E. Sanborn, William Folsom, Bug- bee, Henry Hayes, Nathaniel B. Chace, Reuben M. Gray, Holmes, Benjamin N. Towle, Isaac N' Perley, James Bassett, H. B. Haskell, Clinton A. Ricker, Lafayette Chesley, Horr, Chace Moul- ton, Samuel H. Greene, Joseph L. Elkins, Charles A. Morse. Of these, Bugbee, Perley, Bassett, Holmes, Haskell, Ricker, Chesley, and Horr, each remained but a short time. Kittredge, Kidder, Sanborn, and Folsom were all long residents and practitioners, and all died here. Drs. Green and Elkins have long been, and are now in successful practice here. Dr. Morse 1 The town having sufficient number of ratable polls, now send two representatives. 2 For second representative, no choice. 3 For second representative, no choice. •• Dearborn died in 1847, and George W. Kittredge was chosen to All the vacancy. 5 It being found that the town was entitled to but one representative, Stackpole resigned. « The constitution changed, and sessions of the Legislature made bien- nial, members elected for two years, election changed from March to November. 1853. John S. Bennett. 1854. Samuel P. Dow. John S. Bennett, 1865. Samuel P. Dow, Jeremiah Winkley, 1856. Jeremiah Winkley. Nathaniel Gilman, 1857. William Folsom, Nathaniel Gilman, 1858. Isaac Furber. William Folsom, 1869, Henry H. Smith. Benjamin F. Haley. 1860. Benjamin F, Haley, Augustus B, Clay, 1861. Henry H. Smith. Joseph Taylor. 1862. Joseph Taylor. Z. Dow Creighton. 1863. John J. Bobinson. James S. Finder. 1864. Z. Dow Creighton. William M. Stackpole. 1866, William B, Small. William W, Stackpole.5 1866-67, Henry H. Smith, George A, Bennett, 1868-69, William A. Shackford, Nathan H, Leavitt. 1870-71. Charles F. Davis. Charles E. Tasker. 1872-73. Harrison G. Burleigh. Charles H. Smith. 1874-75. Aaron L. Mellows. Charles P. Stackpole, 1876-77. Lafayette Hall, Keuben M, Burleigh, 1878, Benjamin Mathes, Jr, John F. Ham, Jr.« NEWMAKKET. 401 IS a young man who has quite recently commenced practice, and is beginning very well indeed. Attorneys.— Before the settlement of any attorney- in this town, Wentworth Cheswell, one of the early- settlers, and an educated business man of good judg- ment, ability, and discretion, and a justice of the pe^ce, drew deeds, leases, agreements, contracts, wills, and other instruments for his neighbors, and also acted as a justice in the trial of causes. The first practicing attorney that settled here was Hunt- son ; after him William Tinney. Since then there have been attorneys here as follows : Amos A. Parker, Gilbert A. Grant, Hezekiah B. Stevens, Eldridge, James M. Chapman, William B. Small, Augustus B. Clay, Amos W. Towle, Aaron L. Mellows, Charles H. Knight, Charles H. Smith, I. T. George, and Elisha A. Keep. Of these, Grant, Stevens, Eldridge, and Towle remained only temporarily. Parker at first went West, and afterwards married for a second wife one of the celebrated " Smith sisters," of Glastonbury, Conn., who have given the local authorities consider- able trouble by refusing to pay their taxes unless they can be allowed to vote. Mr. Clay died here, after having been in practice some three or four years. Hon. Mr. Small died here, after having been in prac- tice over thirty years. His death was caused by a fall, and striking his head upon the rail of a railroad, producing concussion of the brain, which ultimately caused extravasation and suffusion, ending in death. Mr. Mellows, Mr. Smith, Mr. George, Mr. Knight, and Mr. Keep are still in active practice in the village. Soldiers in the War of the Rebellion.— New- market furnished more than the quota required in the late war between the States. The record of their names is somewhat incomplete. As correctly as can now be ascertained the names of those who went in the army to fill the quota of Newmarket are as fol- lows : Charles C. Sanders. Charles Baaso. Charles Daly. Joseph Magilio. Frederick Morgan. John Travers. James Wheelan. James II. Littlefield. James 0. Watson. William Noyes, Moses E. CoUey. Jamea Riley. Calvin H. Weymouth, John C. Caswell. George K. Rollins. George Brown. Andrew Callireer. Jamea Kelpie. Samuel Moore. Lewis Schwarte. George F. Lord. Eohert E. Foster. John Meudum. William McKenly. George A. Gay. John Kingsley. William Smith. 26 Timothy Caswell. Andrew J, Knowlton. Benjamin F. Sanborn. George W. Ellison. Henry W. Bryant. Francis Coggswell. William Gartside. William P. Huckins. Ezra Bean. William Gile. Alexandf-r Segdler. Ht-nry Schulter. George K. Keniston. Fred Ritcher. John Gregory. James M. Durell. Henry H. Murray, Charles F. Chapman. Nathaniel S. French. Samuel B. Brackett, George K. C;iHwell. David W. Chapman. Augustus H. Davis. Charles A. French. John B. Greene. David Hogan. Franklin Valley. Stephen W. Bailey. Samuel Drake. John Cleaves. Charles H. Willey. William Fitzgerald. Frederick Koch. Henry Rahn. William Gill. John Ray, William H. Huckina. James Hall. John F. Gibbs. CharloR W. Greene. 0. T. Smith. George Black. David Brackt'tt. James M. Caswell. William Chapman. William H. Dackum. Warren S. French. Warren Glover. John H. Harvey. James Hughs. Geoi-ge A, Jenkins. Edward F. Keniston. Charles Keniston. Joseph Watson. Cornidiiis O'Brien. Charles F, Dockum. William B Taylor. Woodbridge W. Tuttle. Henry B. HiU. Edwin H. Goodwin. Charles A. Jones. William Alexander. MeUille P. Judkins. James D. Nealley. Alexander L. Abbott. John J. Hanson. George W. Frost. Charles W. Eaton. William B, Morrill. Jacob C. Wentworth. Henry C. Howard. William S. Keniston, James F. Keniston. George K. Smart. John T. Voung. Otto Arndt. Morris Sliehan. Eben Joy. Richaid E. Wyman. Henry B. Huli^y. George L. Floyd. George W. Taylor. Warren P. Jones. Royal T. Suell. CharloK B. Jenness. John 0. Diivifi. Nathaniel Willey. John Palmer. John Goodrich. Alanson C. Haines. Woodbridge W. Durell. David Bassett. Albert Foell. Michael McCarty. M. Norgan. David Allen. Al'exander Sydler. William Littlefield. Flavins Souseman. Freeman Clemment. Joseph Gould. Arren D. Shaw. Patrick Hannegan. Charles W. Perkins. Joseph Watson, Orrin Holden. Edward Osborne. Daniel Moore. George T. Parker. Bernard Casey. Nathaniel Robinson. Thomas Lees. Joseph Chapman. John Pinkham. George W. Tibbitts. Albert G. Furber. Those who procured substitutes on their own ac- couutj so as to be relieved from the draft, were as fol- lows : Clinton A. Haley. Freeman Sanborn. Tlionias B. Rolinaon. Constantine B. Mathea. Edmund B. Pendergaat. Napoleon B Treadwell. Harrison G. Burley. John V. Perkins. Miscellaneous. — In the spring of 1870, Hiram Jones, who had lived in this town but a short time, murdered his wife by cutting her throat with a razor. Jealousy was the cause. The next October, Jones was tried at Portsmouth, convicted of murder in the first degree, and sentenced to be hanged. On account of his age, near seventy^ and of doubts as to his sanity at the time, his sentence was commuted to State prison for life,. He ,was much displeased at this, but lived only about three years, and died in prison. July 30, 1873, an excursion party of nineteen went from the village down Lamprey River out into Great Bay for a pleasure trip. While all on board were en- joying themselves at a distance from the shore, in a depth of forty feet of water, without any warning of danger the packet on board which they were, from some cause never satisfactorily explained, was found 402 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. to be sinking. She filled and went to the bottom, and the whole nineteen were precipitated into the water. Of these, three young ladies, named Abbie Garland, Millie Moulton, and Jennie Burnham, were drowned. The others supported themselves, some on oars, some gn the hatches, others by swimming and supporting tlrose who could not swim, till those who had seen them from the shore put off in a sail-boat and rescued them. In April, 1868, one John Hussey, belonging in Rochester, N. H., at work for J. S. & E. Bennett as a peddler, committed suicide by hanging in Bennett's stable. A coroner's jury investigated the case, but could find no assignable reason for the act except low spirits, and discouragement caused by want of success in business. Dec. 26, 1879, Patrick Behen, a resident of this town, was found dead in the back room of a house occupied by Michael Carrigg and his wife. There were apparently suspicious circumstances attending his death. A coroner's inquest was held, but after the most thorough and searching investigation no evidence of foul play could be found. He lay upon his face and side, with his legs and arms drawn up, and appeared to have died from suffocation. No bruises, wounds, or marks of violence could be found upon the body. On the 6th day of February, 1866, a disastrous fire visited this village. The fire was first discovered in a barn belonging to Lucy Maria Watson, near the Boston and Maine Railroad depot. This barn was surrounded by dwelling-houses and other buildings, in close proximity to which the fire soon spread, and there being at the time a high wind, it raged with great fury. Six dwelling-houses, two barns, a large paint-shop and wood-house, with other out-buildings, were burned here. The fire and cinders were blown to near the centre of the village, where four stores, containing several tailor-shops and tenements, were destroyed. After it was found that the fire threat- ened the village, a telegram was sent to Dover for assistance, and in twenty minutes a fire company with a steamer was here from that city, a distance of nine miles. This town had only two hand-engines, and without this assistance from Dover a large part of the village would have been destroyed by the de- vouring element. Aside from this conflagration and the burning of No. 2 Mill in 1857, the town has been comparatively exempt from fires. A Masonic Lodge, Rising Star, No. 47, was organ- ized in this town in 1824 or 1826. Under the " Mor- gan" excitement it did not flourish, and its charter was surrendered to the Grand Lodge. In 1858 the charter was restored, and the lodge again commenced work. Since then it has been continuously in a flour- ishing condition, and has now a membership of about 150. They have one of the finest lodge-rooms in the State. Since the restoration of its charter its Masters have been David Murray, Samuel A. Haley, George W. Kittredge, Benjamin Brooks, Orrin Murray, Aaron L. Mellows, Charles E. Tasker, A. Dana Wiggin, Brad- ford S. Kingman, Woodbridge W. Durell, who is the present Master. There is also a large and flourishing lodge of Odd- Fellows in this town. It has been in existence some forty years, and has a large membership and quite a large fund. For several years there has been here, and is now, a temperance organization of Good Templars. This association has been and still is doing a noble work. Its beneficent results are manifest on every hand, and the good work is still in progress. Previous to the building of the Boston and Maine Railroad in 1840 and later, the Portsmouth and Con- cord Railroad, most of the goods sold here and the raw materials for the manufacturies, as well as the manufactured goods, were transported by water con- veyance. Packets and schooners from Boston, and gondolas between here and Portsmouth, made a lively business on the Piscataqua River across Great Bay and up the Lamprey River. Since the building of these railroads the freighting has nearly all been done by them, yet schooners from Philadelphia and gon- dolas from Portsmouth continue to bring coal and other heavy goods by water. Last year Congress ap- propriated ten thousand dollars to improve the navi- gation of Lamprey River, which was expended under the supervision of Gen. Thorn, and ships of three hun- dred tons or larger can now come up the Lamprey River without trouble or danger. Another appropria- tion of ten thousand dollars has recently been made to further improve this river. With the judicious ex- penditure of this sum the river can be made navigable for any vessel usually engaged in the coastwise trade. We have very few wealthy men, none retired from business. The permanent population is composed of, active, energetic, business, and hard-working men, striving to acquire a competency. This fact contri- butes to make the town active and business lively. And no town in the State of its size has more active, live men, and none has about it a more active, pro- gressive, lively, business appearance. It is now grow- ing rapidly. Some forty family tenements were built the last year, and for its size the town has few rivals in progress' and prosperity. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. JONATHAN BURLET. Jonathan Burley, of Newmarket, N. H., is a lineal descendant of Giles Burley, who was an inhabitant of Ipswich, Mass., as early as 1648, and a commoner in 1664. The History of Ipswich says, of the little we learn of Gyles or Giles Burley, that he wa.s a planter, living eight years on Brooke Street, and own- ing lot No. 105, situated upon Great Hill, Hogg /f>-?^^2.iK ^^-/T-yJ&^ti^.^:^ - NEWTON. 403 Island. He died, leaving his wife, Elizabeth, and children, Andrew, James, Giles, and perhaps John. James Barley^ (Giles'), born Feb. 10, 1669, died at Exeter, N. H., about 1721. He was twice married, — first, May 25, 1685, to Eebecca, daughter of Thomas and Susannah (Worcester) Stacy; she died Oct. 21, 1686, and he married for his second wife, Elizabeth , and had the following children, viz. : William, Joseph, Thomas, James, Josiah, and Giles. Josiah' was born in 1701, and died at Newmarket. He married Hannah, daughter of Hon. Andrew and (Chase) Wiggin. In 1718 he received thirty acres, assigned by a committee at Exeter. He signed a petition for a bridge at Newmarket in 1746. The date of his will is 1756, Hon. Andrew Wiggin was the judge of probate. Children of Josiah^ and Han- nah (Wiggin) Burley: Josiah*, Thomas, and Samuel. Josiah* (Josiah', James^, Giles') married a Judith or Mary Tuttle, and had children, — Sarah, Josiah*, Judith, Hannah, Bet- sey (in place of Betsey Burley, genealogy gives De- borah), and Mary. Mr. Burley Was a farmer in Newmarket, on the same farm where Jonathan Burley now (18821 resides. He settled in Newmarket in 1767. He died at the advanced age of eighty years, and his wife at seventy- two. Josiah*, (Josiah*, Josiah', James^, Giles'), son of Josiah* and Judith or Mary (Tuttle) Burley, was born in Newmarket May 20, 1760, and died at his residence in his native town May 10, 1842. He mar- ried Susan Edgerley, who was born June 30, 1767, and died Nov. 9, 1851. Of this union the following children were born : Josiah, Susan, Mark, Clarissa, Deborah, Betsey, Jonathan*, Jeremiah, and Lavina, all of whom were born in Newmarket, N. H., and all are now (1882) dead except Deborah and Jonathan. Mr. Burley was a farmer by occupation and a- sol- dier in the Eevolutionary war for a short time. In politics a Democrat," as his descendants have been. He held some of the minor offices of the town. Jonathan^ (Josiah*, Josiah*, Jo.siah', James^ Giles') was born on the farm in Newmarket, Oct. 9, 1804. He has always been a farmer. He cared for his parents until their death, then came in possession of the " Old Burley Homestead," which has been in the family for many generations. He has been successful as a farmer, and as a man enjoys the confidence of his townsmen. Politically, he is a Democrat of the old school, and thoroughly believes in those great and grand princi- ples proclaimed by Jefferson and Jackson. He mar- ried Sarah C, daughter of John and Betsey (Sawyer) Neal, of London, N. H., Dec. 28, 1831. She was born Sept. 23, 1808. Mrs. Burley's father was born at South Newmarket, Feb. 14, 1777, married Betsey Sawyer, of Lee, and had eight children, of whom Sarah C. is the fourth. Mr. Neal was a farmer by occupation, and a Democrat in politics. He died at the advanced age of eighty-three. Mr. and Mrs. Burley have the following children : (1) A. Augusta (Mrs. Charles E. Smith, of South Newmarket) ; (2) Harrison G. ; and (3) Lavina .1. (Mrs. Horace B. Doe, of Durham). Mr. and Mrs. Burley are attendants at the Baptist Church, of which she is a member. Harrison G. Burley' (Jonathan*, Josiah*, Josiah*, Josiah', James^, Giles') was born on the old Burley homestead in Newmarket, N. H., Dec. 9, 1834. He received a common-school education, supplemented by a few terms at the academy of Pembroke. He was reared on the farm, and agricultiire has been his chief busi- ness. In 1874 he was appointed agent for Rocking- ham Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and in 1878 was elected one of its directors. Whatever business Mr. Burley has been engaged in has been successful. Politically he followed in the footsteps of his fathers, and votes the Democratic ticket. He has held various offices of trust and honor in his native town, among which we mention those of selectman three years, and member of the Legisla- ture in 1872-73, serving on the Committee of State Normal Schools. He married Fannie E., daughter of Jewett and Lydia (Norris) Connor, Jan. 17, 1877. Mrs. Burley was born in Exeter, N. H., Sept. 20, 1848. Their children are Walter D. and Lillian M. CHAPTER LIX. NBWTON.i The town of Newton lies in the southern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : by Massachusetts line, commencing at Brandy Brow Hill, at a stone by which Plaistow, Haverhill, and Merrimac are bounded ; thence following Massachusetts line to a stone at northern side of Taxbury's mill-pond to South Hampton line; thence following said line to East Kingston ; thence following the Shaply line on King- ston to the Pond Bridge at the outlet of County Pond which stream is called Powow River; from thence across the pond to the White Sands, so called; from thence southerly to a stone between Kingston and Newton, about ten rods west of the railroad at Newton Junction ; thence southerly to a bound in land of Mrs. Crane to meet Plaistow; then westerly on Plais- tow line to a bound between the' towns of Plaistow and Newton ; thence easterly on Plaistow line to Brandy Brow Hill to the bound began at. Estimated to contain about five thousand (5000) acres, besides the pond. The surface of the town is generally hilly and the soil fertile, yielding good crops of grain and grass. Newton is forty miles southeast from Concord and twenty-eight southwest from Portsmouth. IByJohnHoitt. 404 HISTOEY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Petition for Erection of Town. — The first petition on record concerning this town is that of sundry per- sons opposed to a petition which, it seems, had been presented praying for the erection of a new town. This was under date Feb. 18, 1741^2, and was as follows : To Hie Excellency BenniDg Wentworth Esq^GoverDOiir and Commander in Chief in and over his Majestys Province of New Hampshire in New England and to the Honourable his Majestys Council for said Province. The Petition of Sundry of the Inhabitants of that part of the Town of Amesbury that lyeth to the Northward of the Boundary line between the Province of New Hampshire and Massachusetts Bay by the late Bat- tlement of ttie S^ Line and to the Southward of Shapleys Line so called most humbly shews That your Petitioners understand that about sixty persons in Number who live in that part of Salisbury that lyeth be- tween the two aforesd lines and that part of Amesbury afores* have peti- tioned your Excellency and Honours for a Township of seven miles in Length as mentioned in their Petition. That your Petitioners are in- cluded within the bounds of said Township. That the meeting house they have Erected for themselves is so situated as that it is no ways convenient for your Petitioners. That many of those who signed their Petition now say they were deceived. That it will be a great Burden to your Petitioners if they are under an obligation to be holden by what their Neighbors have asked for themselves. That your Petitioners de- sire they may have liberty to be annexed to such Parishes as are most convenient for them till Such Time as they shall be able to make a par- rish among themselves. Wherefore your Petitioners pray your Excellency and Honours to grant your Petitioners liberty to speak for themselves before your Ex- cellency and Honours and your Petitioners as in Duty bound shall ever praj' &c. Feb. IS"" 1741-2 Jonathan Kimball Orlando Bagly Jonathan Wasson David Bagly Jonathan Farron Andrew Whitt Timothy Farron Timothy Whittier David Gooden Josiab Fowller Samuell Gooden Thomas Fowller Phillip Challess David Elott Benjamin Kimball Thomas Carter Caleb Hobs Johu Carter Koger Estman William Fowller William Sargent Thomas Carter Junr Nathaniel Ash Willm Fowller Junr George Marsten John Carter Jun' Eobert Marter Joseph Fowller Abraham MarroU John Carter David Marten Jacob Carter Ivery Fooler? Samuel Carter Newton was settled about 1700 ; it was then called Amesbury Newtown. The State of Massachusetts was bounded three miles from Merrimac River; on the final settlement of the line this part of the terri- tory was left off from Massachusetts. In 1749 it was incorporated as a town, taking a part of South Hampton. The inhabitants in 1816 were about four hundred and fifty, with eighty-nine legal voters. In 1882 the inhabitants exceed one thousand, with over three hundred legal voters. The first record of a meeting is as follows : "Province of 1 To Sargent Heath, Constable for Newtown, these New Hampshire J are to require you to warn the' Inhabitants of New- town Qualified for voting to meet at the House of Sargent Heath inn- holder in said town on Wednesday the twent>--6ixth of March instant at one of the clock in the afternoon, then and there when mett as, first, to choose town officers as the charter direct^, 2* to see who the town will employ to bnild a pound & stocks, & 3^1y to see how much money the town will raise for a school, i^iily to see how much money the town will allow for the selectmen & constablee for service done the town for the year past " Dated at Newtown March y« 11. a.d. 1755 "JoSEPtf PzASLEE-j Selectmen "Robert Stdaet > of "Feancis Chase J Newton" By the records we find the above meeting was called at the time and place, and David Bayly was chosen moderator, William Eowell, town clerk, and Joseph Peaslee, William Rowell, and Aaron Currin, select- men. After choosing the minor officers the meeting was adjourned till Monday, 31.st of March, "to be held at the meeting-house." At the adjourned meet- ing it was voted to build a pound and to raise fifty pounds for schooling. A vote to see if the town would pay the constable sixpence a pound for collect- ing rates was defeated. Then the closing record of the meeting is, " at the same meeting voted not to act any further on the foregoing warrant, and the meet- ing was dismist." The next meeting was warned for Monday, the 21st day of April ; the principal object was " to see whether the town will raise any sum of money and how much in order to clapboard said meeting-house, and lay the floor and build the doors and to provide window- frames and sashes and glass for said house," etc., and also to choose a committee to select a suitable piece of ground for a " burying-place." This meeting was called ; "400 pounds 0. T. was voted to be raised to repair the meeting-house." Committees were appointed to "provide stuff" for the meeting-house and "look out a burying-place," said committees to report at an adjourned meeting to be held May 19th. Also, at the above meeting, " it was put to vote to see whether the town would agree with the ' poolers' from South Hampton, both to do duties and receive privileges in full with the inhabit- ants of Newton, and voted in the affirmative." The meeting was called May 19th. Nothing done; adjourned to June 2d ; then acfjourned to June 16th. At this meeting another committee was appointed to " examine and receive the accounts of the former com- mittee," they to report at an adjourned meeting to be held June 2.3d. One bill brought in by this commit- tee, to " pay for shingling and laying the sleepers 150 pounds, old tenor," was negatived ; but a bill to pro- vide window-frames and sashes and a " joyner to as- sist in putting them up," was passed in the affirma- tive. It was also voted to allow 60 pounds old tenor for preaching, and to be taken out of the money ap- propriated for repairing the meeting-house. Voted to hire Mr. Solomon Paige to preach seven Sabbaths. It appears by record and other evidence in New- ton that the Congregationalists were all the religious people in the town at its first settlement, and the in- habitants of this town seem to be the first to come out from the old Established Church, and some of them refused to pay the parish tax for the support of the Congregational Church preaching ; the parties were NEWTON. 405 arrested and a lawsuit ensued. Mr. Stuart and a Mr. Carter were the two persons that appeared in court, and the church or collector on the other part. The lawsuit lasted three years or more, and Mr. Stuart and Carter came off victors, which dismayed the church, and enabled the dissenters to form a society and church about 1750 or 1755, called the Baptist Church, and on account of the lawsuit the Congrega- tional Church gave up their meeting-house that had been raised about three years to the town, who finished it for their use and meetings of all religious societies, who occupied it for a number of years. In 1832 the Christian Church was formed, the first of the denomination in this State. Joseph Boadey, Douglas Farnum, John Eand, Mark Furnald, Henry Plumer, John Hartyman, and others. Nathaniel Day preached his sermon in June, 1856, and is still their pastor, making twenty-five years of pastorate. Mem- bers of the church, one hundred and forty-four. Most of the town-meetings called for a number of years following were for the purpose of finishing the meeting-house, and for procuring preaching, and to prosecute parties who refused to pay parish rates. It seems that the Baptist Society which had formed in the town objected to paying a tax to support the Congregational Church, which was the principal church of the town. They resisted every effort, civil and ecclesiastical, and were finally successful, for in 1769 the town voted " to pay the cost which hath arose by reason of the Baptist people being rated to the Congregational minister in years past." Other resolutions of like character were passed, thus virtu- ally abandoning the contest. In 1758 a call was given to Rev. Jonas Eames to settle over the Congregational Society. At a town- meeting held Oct. 30, 1758, the_y voted to give Mr. Eames one thousand pounds. The meeting adjourned for one hour to confer with the reverend gentleman. He refused the call unless they would add six hundred pounds to their offer. The meeting reassembled and immediately accepted the amendment, and Mr. Eames' answer was in the affirmative. ' Thursday, the 7th day of December, was appointed " a day of fasting and prayer in this place, in order for the gathering a church in Newtown," reads the record. Mr. Eames was ordained the 17th day of January, 1759. In the first settlement of the town it appears by records and other evidence that there was a Quaker meeting-house in the south part of the town. Some of the Peaslees belong to them. About 1750 the Baptists built a house of worship in sight of the other. The Chases and others from out of town formed a church between the years 1750 and 1755. The build- ing or a part of it was moved into the central part of the town subsequently, was converted into a dwelling- house, and is now occupied and owned by Mr. Archi- bald Dunn. This church was the first Baptist organization in the State of New Hampshire, and contains at this date, June, 1882, niuety-five members. The Congregationalists raised a meeting-house on the spot where the Town Hall now stands, but were never able to complete it, and finally gave it up, and the town purchased it for their use and the use of the different religious societies in the town. The Christian Church was formed in the year 1832, and is still continuing. The Second Baptist Church was formed at the Junction in the year 1875. Newton has always been very patriotic, furnish- ing men for the different wars the colonies were engaged in. The Revolutionary war, the war of 1812, and down to the great Rebellion she did her whole duty. At a town -meeting held in 1774 it was voted "to choose two men to go to Exeter and choose a com- mittee to go to Philadelphia to join the Congress." Abraham Kimball and Stephen Butler were so chosen. Also voted to pay one pound, fifteen shillings, to pay the committee that goes to Philadelphia the 10th of May. Sept. 3, 1776, at a town-meeting, it was voted " to raise some men to go to Portsmouth to work on the Batteries, by request of the Committee of Safety." Voted to send as many men as will go. July 11, 1776, voted to give nine men seven pounds, two shillings, lawful money to each man to go to re- inforce Gen. Sullivan at Crown Point. Dec. 13, 1776, the town voted to give three men three pounds, lawful money, to go to New York to join the Continental army. April 26, 1779, voted that the selectmen be a com- mittee to go and hire four Continental soldiers dur- ing the war. The above are but a few of the many records in regard to hiring soldiers. Revolutionary Soldiers. — Lieut. Micah Hoyt, afterwards captain by the death of the captain of the company, Reuben Hoyt, and Wister Sanborn went to Bunker Hill when the British tried to drive the Americans from Breed's Hill. How long they stayed in the service is not known. William Gould, Elliot Jewell, David Goodwin, and others went to Ticon- deroga or Crown Point, and stayed during the war. Thomas Challis was an ofiBcer, and many others left their homes for the seat of war that they and their children might be freemen. During the war of 1812 we find the following names : Enoch Hoyt, Sargent Heath, Moses Huse, Moses Hoyt, William Foot, Job Stevens, William Harveyman, Israel Ingalls, and others. John Cooper enlisted when the war broke out as a government soldier, and remained till after the war closed. His family and friends heard nothing from him during the whole war, and supposed him dead. His wife donned her mourning garments and sup- posed herself a widow. What was her surprise one 406 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. day at the close of the war to see her husband, dressed in his suit of blue and gilt buttons, enter the house, alive and well. Many such cases no doubt occurred during the war. In the war of the Rebellion the town furnished as many or more soldiers than any town in the State ac- cording to her valuation. She sent eighty-five sol- diers to the army and navy, at an expense of thirty- five thousand dollars. Always ready from the Revolution to the last war to furnish men and money when called upon by their country to protect her rights, would fight her enemies, and maintain her honor as a nation. Prominent Names in the Town, — Mr. William Rowell was a very prominent man in his day, was first selectman in 1749, and held most of the offices in the gift of the town, sometimes serving as clerk; at others as selectman. His descendants to this day have upheld the integrity of the name, and are our most honored townsmen. The next name we find is Peaslee. John Peaslee had nine children, the first born in 1734. His de- scendants are among our most prominent men. The name of Currier is next, and they were very numerous, and quite a number of their descendants still live in the town, and many of them hold offices of trust. The name of Bartlett is next, and they were among the first to hold office in town. Eliphalet Bart- lett, a noted man, and Matthias Bartlett, a surveyor, were often elected representatives, and for many years selectmen. Joseph Bartlett was a noted man, was captured by the Indians' at Haverhill in 1708, was held by them four years, settled in this town in 1720. The descendants of the Bartletts are very numerous in the town. Hoyts come next in order. Four of that name were soldiers in the Revolutionary war. The records of Amesbury show that in the year 1776 ten of that name enlisted from that place. Samtiel Hoyt was one of the selectmen a number of years, and town clerk for forty years. Micah Hoyt, son of Micah Hoyt, was a prominent man in the time of the Revolution ; was a lieutenant in the army till the war closed. Benjamin and Eli Hoyt held the offices of selectmen and town clerk for many years. John Hoitt, one of their descendants, was selectman for twenty years, and town clerk for fifteen years, and is at this date a hale and hearty man, loved, honored, and respected bj' all. The Chases were among the prominent men in the first settlement of the town, were among the first to become Baptists, and helped build the meeting-house in 1750. Among the Peaslees was one Joseph, who was a Quaker, and, driven from other towns, he took up his abode in the south part of Newton, to worship God according to the dictates of his own conscience, with- out any one to molest or make him afraid. From him sprung the Quaker meeting-house and Quaker burying-ground, near by where remains the dust of all the Quakers of this town. At a meeting held July 6, 1780, the inhabitants of Newton met upon "journment," and the meeting opened, William Rowell for moderator. It put to vote to see if said town will give any sum of money for encouragement to hire " mullishia" soldiers to go in the army three months ; voted in the affirmative. It put to vote to see if said town will choose a committee to hire said soldiers ; not passed in the affirmative- Capt. Robert Stuart, Ensign Daniel Morse chosen a committee to hire said soldiers, and to give any price as they shall think proper. Ye meeting was journed till the tenth day of April instant at five of the clock in ye morning. At the adjournment it was put to vote to see if said town will give five soldiers for three months twenty bushels of Indian corn a month, or make it as good to them in money ; the vote passed in th6 affirmative, and the meeting was " dismist." Newton at the present date (1882) contains a popu- lation of about one thousand; over three hundred voters on the check-list. The Boston and Maine Railroad passes through from south to north, from Plaistow to Kingston. A branch leaves the main track at Newton Junction and passes through the Centre, where there is another station, to Merrimac, Mass. At the Junction, before the Boston and Maine Road was built, there was but one house in sight, now there are over fifty dwelling- houses, besides several stores. A church and a large saw-mill and box-mill has been recently burnt, but will probably be rebuilt. Newton supports seven groceries, two meat-markets, two hotels. In the matter of hotels the town has fell behind her record, for in 1807, with a population of about four hundred, there were seven licensed taverns in the town. We have a carriage manufactory doing a large busi- ness, five shoe contractors, several manufacturers of shoes, blacksmiths, house contractors, etc. At the Junction the telegraph-office is situated, and at the village the telephone. There are- three religious bodies in town, two Bap- tist and one Christian. CHAPTER LX. NORTH HAMPTON. Geographical— Topographical— The First Settlements— Garrison-House — Indian Depredations — Petition for Parish Privileges — Organization of Parish — " The North Hill Parish" — Incorporation of the Town Petition to be Released from Parish Eates — Ecclesiastical History Miscellaneous — Military Record. North Hampton is one of the coast towns, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Greenland and Rye ; on the east by Rye and the Atlantic ; on the south by Hampton ; and on the west by Stratham. NORTH HAMPTON. 407 The surface of the town is generally level and the soil fertile. The early history of this town will be found princi- pally in the history of Hampton, of which North Hampton originally formed a part. The early record history, Revolutionary history, names of early settlers, etc., are incorporated in the history of the mother town. Settlements began within the bounds of the present town of North Hampton at one of the earliest periods in the history of the State. It was in about the year 1636 that the first intrepid explorer set foot upon this soil, and this was an event of no ordinary magnitude. The Indians were still pursuing their erratic warfare, and the hardy pioneers earned their bread at the con- tinued hazard of their lives. Garrison-House. — One of the first acts of the in- habitants was the erection of a garrison-house where all might take refuge in case of an attack by Indians. This garrison-house stood a few rods southwesterly from the site of the first meeting-house, on the south- ern border of what was formerly called the "Green." Notwithstanding the precaution .taken by the pioneers,' the murderous tomahawk of the red man left its imprint upon the little settlement. June 13, 1677, during King Philip's war, four persons, viz., Edward Colcord, Jr., Abraham Perkins, Jr., Benja- min Billiard, and Caleb Towle, fell victims to his savage cruelty. With the death of Philip, in 1676, the war in the southern part of New England ceased, but in New Hampshire it raged two years longer, and for a time seemed to threaten the extinction of the whole colony. With the return of peace the settlement resumed its former activity, and not many years elapsed ere it became a prosperous and important element in the colony, and in 1719 we find it petitioning for parish privileges. The Council appointed a committee, by whom the boundaries of the proposed parish were run out, which reported to the court Oct. 29, 1719. The petition, however, was not granted. The next petition relating to the parish of which we have any record was under date Nov. 30, 1730, as follows : Petition relating to the ParisJi. To the Honourable houB of Representatives of this his Majesties Prov- ince of New Hampshire Greeting. Gentlemen we your honours humble petitioners humbly sheweth that whereas his Honour y Governor with his Majestys Counsel in answer to a petition from hampton did Grant a parish at North Ende of said town as shall appear by a Coppy of B^ grant, hut it did not com to the bonrable houe of Representatives for their concurranc thearwith Theare- fore we your honours humble petitioners humbly crave your concurrance theare with, and in so doing you will much oblege us your humble Ser- vants As in dusy bound we shall ever pray, Hampton November 30, 1730. Simon Marston Thomas Marston Maurice Hobbs Joseph Dearbn Timothy Dalton Daniel Sanborn David Pag Widow Sarah Samborn Simon Darbon John Shaw Joshuay Brown Jonathan Page John Godfre Richard Tayler John Johnson John Radman Thomas Marston Beujo Roby John Wedgwood Edmund Chapman Ebenezer Godfrie Ruben Darbon Job Chapman William Palmar John Darbn John Marston Joseph Chapman Penj* Thomaa Sami* Darbon William Godfree Sam^ Marston Sam' Bachelder Benimin Johnson John Smith Samuel Dearbou The first petition, however, which was reported favorably, was under date of Nov. 17, 1738, when the parish was organized with power to act in aflTairs con- cerning the ministry and schools. It was variously named in the town records as the "North Hill Parish in Hampton," " The North Parish in Hampton," etc. It was incorporated as a town by the name of North Hampton, Nov. 26, 1742. The delegate from this town to the Constitutional Convention of 1778 was Levi Dearborn, and to that of 1781 was Abraham Drake. Petition of inliabitants of N. E. part of Hampton to be exempted from minU- ter^s tax. To His Excellency Bennin Wentworth Esq. Governor and Commander in Chief In and over his Majesties Provence of New Hampshire in New England and to the Honourable the Council and honse of Repre- sentatives of said Province In General Assembly Convened — Novem- ber y« 16«li 1742. The Humble petition of us the Subscribers Most Humbly sheweth — thatthe houses andhabitationsof your petitioners arein the north eastly part of the town of Hampton at or near Littel Bores Head near Lettel River or near the Sea and that we live most aa near upon a Line to the nieeting-honse at the town as to that of North hill and that it is much easier for us to go to meeting at the town than to North Hill by reason of the Goodness of the way to the town and there not being any way for us to go to meeting at north hill nor ever like to be unless we travil much farther than to go to the meeting-house at the town : Tour petitioners Humbly pray that your Fxcellency and Honours would be pleased to take this petition into consideration and in your grate Goodness exempt us from paying to the support of the ministry at North hill and that we may still remain — and be taxed to the supportof the ministry and the other Publick charges of the town as we used to be and your petitioners as in duty bound shall ever pray. John Batchelder Mosies Lampre Thomas Hains Obadiah Marston Jeremiah Page Stephen Brown. In the House of Representatives, 9^^\ 25tli 1742. The within Petition Read and considered & voted to be Dismissed James Jeifry Clr. Assm Moses Leavitt, of this town, was appointed captain in the Continental service, June 13, 1776, and author- ized to raise one hundred men to join the army in New York. He was on a committee of officers at Hampton, in 1777, to petition the honorable commit- tee of safety to take measures for the defense of the sea-coast. In 1778 he was again appointed to enlist soldiers for the Continental army ; was appointed lieutenant-colonel of Third Regiment New Hamp- shire militia in 1781, and was representative to the General Assembly in 1782 and 1783. The Congfregational Cliurcli.' — Our forefathers were careful to erect the meeting-house and provide for the preaching of the gospel as soon as they had 1 By Rev. Thomas Y. Haines. 408 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. formed any distinct and considerable settlement. Many of the townships originally were large, and as the population extended to the borders of the town, a portion of the people were often obliged to travel a long distance to church. The only way to obviate this difficulty was in forming a separate parish when- ever the population became sufficient to support a minister. So it came about that many towns had more than one church of the same denominational order, and not infrequently were there new parishes afterwards incorporated into towns. Within one hundred years after the first house was built in Hampton a considerable settlement had formed at North Hill, about three miles from the meeting-house. Those settlers suffered many trials because of their isolation, the difficulty in clearing the land, and Indian depredations. Their first houses (two of which are now standing) were lined with bricks to make them bullet-proof, and a garrisoned house was built on the green, to which they resorted in time of especial danger. While they felt that they must vigorously wield the axe, and drive the plow, and unceasingly watch the stealthy savage, they grew dissatisfied with their religious privileges, believing that it was needless for them to go three miles on the Sabbath to worship when the preaching of the gospel could be supported in their midst. With the impression that some steps should be taken towards a better state of things on the 2d of May, 1719, " Samuel Chapman and others presented a petition to the Council Board" that they might be relieved from giving support for the minister at the old parish in Hampton, and be permitted to lawfully sustain the gospel among themselves. This was re- spectfully received, and a committee of four persons was appointed to ascertain "the bounds and limits of a parish in the north end of Hampton.'' On the 29th of May that committee reported that the parish lines should be nearly the same as the present bound- aries of North Hampton, with the exception of a part which has since been set ofi" to the town of Eye. But as the selectmen of Hampton remonstrated, the petition was dismissed, and nothing further of ac- count was done towards effecting a separation until 1734, when, on the 9th of October, thirty-five persons petitioned the General Assembly, praying that the parish bounds might be established agreeable to the report of the committee appointed to define them fifteen years before. This request was carefully con- sidered, but on account of the opposition which the selectmen offered, and a remonstrance signed by twenty-six individuals who lived within the bounds of the proposed parish, they stating " we rather continue as we are, one parish," the bill passed in the negative. At the beginning of the year 1736 several members of the church living near North Hill obtained the consent of their pastor. Rev. Ward Cotton, to hold religious meetings among themselves on Sabbath evenings. He drew up some articles of agreenient to govern the meetings, which all who proposed to attend signed. Whether this was done as a compromise to quiet the known restlessness is not quite certain. How- ever, it was not sufficient to m6et their desires for re- ligious advantages. It rather deepened their sense of deprivation, for, in 1737, they renewed their request to be constituted a distinct parish, but this effort also proved fruitless. There were persevering men in those days, es- pecially in things which they knew were right. Accordingly, on the 2d of November, 1738, another petition of a similar nature was presented to the General Assembly, then held at Portsmouth. On the 17th of the same month a bill granting the re- quest passed the House of Representatives, was con- curred in by the Council, and received the indorse- ment of the provincial Governor. Thus the parish at North Hill was formed, on the condition that they would support a minister and a schoolmaster, and would pay their annual proportion of the grant which the town had made to Dorothy Gookin, widow of Rev. Nathaniel Gookin, who at his death had been minister of the town twenty-four years. Although the exact date cannot be determined, yet prior to 1734 a meeting-house was erected a little south of the centre of what is now the common. It was thirty by forty feet, framed for galleries, and was without pews for years, notwithstanding an agreement had been made that one range of pews should be laid out adjoining the walls of the house, to be valued from ten pounds to fifteen pounds, " according to the dignity of the pews." The evidence is only inferential that meetings were held in that house until the parish was legally formed. The first parish meeting was called by Daniel San- born, on Christmas day, 1738, when a committee was appointed to agree with Mr. Nathaniel Gookin, son of the lamented minister of the first parish, to preach to the society for three months. The first annual meeting which, by act of the Gen- eral Assembly, must occur in March, was held on the 20th of that month, 1739, at which they agreed to em- ploy a minister for one year. But at an adjourned meeting, held on the 8th of May following, they voted to settle a minister within twelve months. To aid in making a right choice, they proposed to follow the usual custom of those days by calling a fast and in- viting neighboring ministers to spend the day with them in prayer and consultation. Agreeable to the advice then given, the parish chose a committee on the 12th of June "to treat with Mr. Nathaniel Gookin to settle with them in the work of the minis- try." They voted to procure for him a parsonage of at least ten acres of land, fence it, and build upon it a convenient house and barn, to furnish him annually sufficient firewood, and to give him one hundred and ten pounds a year, adding five pounds each succeeding NOKTH HAMPTON. 409 year until the amount should reach one hundred and forty pounds, and if it were needfiil, and they were able, further additions should be made. This was to be given him, even if, because of sickness, he might be unable to perform Sabbath service. Surely such was a generous offer for those times. After due consideration the call was accepted.' In his letter to the parish committee, he said, "I accept your invitation, demanding of you, as you will answer it at the great day, that you give diligent heed to the truths I shall bring you from the gospel of Jesus Christ, and practice according to them ; also that you be continually earnest at the throne of grace for me, that I may be a faithful and successful laborer in the gospel among you." He at that time was twenty-five years of age, having graduated at Harvard College seven years before. As yet there was no church organization, but on the 23d of September, 1739, those persons living within the bounds of the new parishi who belonged to the First Church made application for letters of dis- mission, that they might organize a church at North Hill, but the purpose was not favorably regarded, and their request was refused. Nothing daunted, the North Hill people called an Ecclesiastical Council, ex- parte, of course, which met on the 30th of October. The Council and brethren sent a declaration to the First Church, but they were not recognized. After- words a public conference was agreed upon and held, yet the church refused to grant the required letters of dismission. Smarting under such treatment, on the day following, the Council and brethren took matters into their own hands, and organized what they called " the Fourth Church of Christ in Hamp- ton,'' and at the same time ordained Mr. Gookin as pastor. This was a bold stroke, but it proved to be a wise one. The First Church afterwards acquiesced in the movement, and within three years they granted letters of dismission to several persons and recom- mendation to the church at North Hill. After much perplexity and deep feeling the desire of the people in the north part of Hampton was se- cured so far. But as in all new public enterprises there are many calls for money and labor, so the North Hill parish found many things which needed attention. In 1741 a parsonage-house was built, of dimensions twenty-five by thirty feet, with a lower addition on one end. During the same year the first pew in the meeting-house was built, having the extent of five feet on the wall from the pulpit stairs, and five feet front, covering an area of twenty-five square feet. In this the family of the minister sat, while the rest of the people had to arrange themselves as best they could, for there were no other regular seats built in the house until 1746. In the year following a par- sonage barn, twenty by twenty-four feet, with twelve- feet posts, was built. This co'mpleted the agreement of the society in providing a parsonage. It must have been at great personal sacrifice that they pro- vided so much ; and had not relief been given by their right in some of the first parish property, their struggle would have been very severe and prolonged. On the 30th of November, 1742, the parish was in- corporated as a town. This act brought up new matters for adjustment between the two parishes. The second minister of Hampton, Kev. Timothy Dal- ton, who died in 1661, left a large ministerial fund for the town. When North Hampton was incorpo- rated the tax-payers felt that they were justly entitled to their proportion of that property, and in a friendly way they requested that it might be conveyed to them. For some unexplained reason the request, which was several times repeated, was not granted ; and it was found necessary to carry the case into court, where, after some delay, it was decided in favor of the complainants. As nearly as can be as- certained, about one-fifth part of the old parsonage property was conveyed to North Hampton. This greatly aided in the support of the minister. Espe- cially helpful was it, since about that time the colo- nial currency began to depreciate in value, so that the parish was obliged to add to Mr. Gookin's salary. At first they increased it five pounds, then twenty, then ninety, afterwards adding more and more every year until it became twelve hundred pounds. As the parsonage-house was too small for the in- creasing family of the pastor, a section of eighteen feet was put on to one end in 1753. In order that it might better accommodate the minister, the house was afterwards moved to a place opposite the present parsonage, and nearer the meeting-house, on to a lot of land secured by exchange with Oapt. Abner Fogg. There it was occupied by different ministers until the year 1800. The first meeting-house had never been fully fin- ished. There was nothing costly about it. Even the pulpit was unornamented and simple, although of good workmanship, and the only pew was not elabo- rate. There had arisen a feeling that the old house was inadequate to meet the wants of the increasing congregation, and withal it was probably inferior to housesof worship in the neighboring parishes, so after much discussion and planning they decided to erect a new one. The work was begun, and for the main part of the house completed in 1761. It was forty by fifty-eight feet, with galleries after the style of those days, and was built in a substantial manner, being Unique and comfortable, except in the cold weather, when the windows would rattle and the people would shiver, and the preacher would try to wax warm over his well-written manuscript. The days of carpeted floors, elastic cushions, anthracite burners, and steam-pipes had not come. The addition of a steeple to the meeting-house was earnestly discussed, some wanting it on the west end, some on the east end, and some not caring to have it' at all. Because of this diverse feeling the whole matter was dropped, 410 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. and it was fifty-five years before the tower was erected and the much-needed bell pealed forth its invitations to worship. After the completion of the meetipg-house the in- terests of the church and parish moved on without especial innovation or jar until the 22d of October, 1766, when Mr. Gookin was removed by death, after faithfully laboring for the salvation of souls and set- ting before his jJeople a worthy example for twenty- seven years. His ministry was marked by many of the hardships which pioneers of the gospel necessarily experience- He is said to have been " a sound divine, a serious, plain preacher, a wise counselor, and a much-beloved pastor of his flock." He was thrice married, — first to Miss Judith Coffin, daughter of Eliphalet Cofiin, of Exeter. His second wife was Miss Anna Fitch, daughter of Eev. Jabez Fitch, of Portsmouth, by whom he had three children. His third wife was Mrs. Love Wingate, by whom he had eight children. After the death of Mr. Gookin the town generously provided for his widow, furnishing a comfortable home for a while at least, and giving her fourteen pounds lawful mofiey. As the most of the early church records have been lost, the number of members when organized and the additions during the first pastorate cannot with cer- tainty be given, but it is probable that the original number was quite small, and that about forty belonged to the church at the time of Mr. Gookin's death. Al- though it was a sad day to the church when their first pastor laid off his care and entered into everlasting rest, yet they were not long willing to be without some one to break to them the bread of life. Accord- ingly, Mr. Joseph Stacy Hastings, a native of Newton, Mass., then twenty- five years of age, was invited to preach as a probationer. So highly pleased were the people that they at once gave him a call to settle with them as minister of the town. Feeling that " a great and effectual door was open" to him, he accepted the call, and was ordained over the church on the 11th of February, 1767. He was a good and true man, although somewhat eccentric, keenly sensitive, and sometimes impatient of human weaknesses. He deeply mourned over the worldliness and cold for- mality of Christians, and earnestly labored to effect a greater spirituality in the church. He believed that every Christian life should be luminous with love. He accomplished a worthy work during his piinistry of seven and a' half years, receiving fifty persons to church membership. He adopted the Sandemanian doctrines and notions, after which he declared the resignation of his ministry in a brief and decided manner on the 3d of July, 1774. Although informal, the church courteously acquiesced in his decision. He was treated with great kindness by the people. They voted to make him a present of one hundred and twenty dollars, the crops on the parsonage for that year, and the use of the parsonage-house until they should want it. During Mr. Hastings' ministry the people became agitated about the subject of sing- ing. Diff"erent opinions were entertained concerning what they should sing, but in the month of May, 1771, the, town voted " to sing one of Dr. Watts' hymns once every Sabbath," and in the following April a special parish-meeting was called to see if they would introduce " Dr. Watts' Psalms and Three Books of Hymns," to be sung in the church and con- gregation. It was decided to use those hymns in ' their worship which proved to be satisfactory; at least the subject was not seriously agitated again. Soon after the pulpit became vacant a Mr. Cotton preached for a few Sabbaths, and so much were the people pleased with his services that on the following February they invited him to settle as their minister, but he was not disposed to comply with the request. After this their attention was turned to Eev. Samuel Morril, and although they were not harmonious, yet he received a call to become their pastor and teacher in September, 1775, which was accepted. The oppo- sition to settling became greatly intensified, and it was agreed to call a council to advise upon the matter. After much trouble the parish voted not to settle Mr. Morril, and requested him to withdraw his acceptance of the call. Next, Mr. Jeremiah Shaw preached ac- ceptably to the people for a few Sabbaths, and on the 7th of August, 1776, was formally asked to become their minister, but for reasons not now known that vote was reconsidered twelve days after. Thus they were obliged to look further for a pastor. Eev. David McClure, who had just declined a call to the church in Portsmouth, was invited to supply the pulpit for a time. Being highly pleased with his ministrations, the people invited him to settle with them, offering as a stipulated salary " eighty-five pounds, lawful money, together with the home parsonage and the buildings on the same.'' With unanimity of feeling he was installed on the 13th of November, 1776, twelve churches having been invited upon the coun- cil. He was a native of Boston, twenty-eight years old, and graduated from Yale College seven years before. He was a man of high culture, good judgment, and pleasing address, and for twenty-three years (1777 to 1800) was one of the trustees of Dartmouth College. His Alma Mater gave him the degree of D.D. in 1803. As the colonies were at war with the mother-coun- try when he was settled, having but a few months before declared themselves independent, as things in the political world were in an unsettled state, as ex- citement on all great national questions ran high, as the country was comparatively poor, and as no human mind could forecast the future, it was a trying period to commence a pastorate. Since national aflfairs were of absorbing interest, great effort was needed to make men feel their accountability to God. But under the wise and judicious labors of Mr. McClure the church NORTH HAMPTON. 411 and parish prospered, and during his uine years of ministration twenty-two were added to the member- ship. Soon after his settlement depreciation in the currency of the country became alarming, and at times the prospect of supporting a family seemed discouraging. The people nobly exerted themselves to relieve him. During his first year they gave him one hundred dollars more than they had agreed. The next year they gave him five hundred dollars additional. In 1779 the town added one thousand dollars, and afterwards increased it by one hundred bushels of corn; and in 1780 his salary was raised to twelve thousand dollars and twelve cords of wood.\ He bravely struggled on, receiving the affections of his people, and carefully calculating how to make his thousand dollars a month purchase the necessities for himself and family. Finally he felt it his duty to resign his charge, which he accordingly did i'U Au- gust, 1785. Having been dismissed, he moved to East Windsor, Conn., where he preached until his death in 1820. As the pulpit was again vacant, the church called a fast, and consulted with several ministers of neigh- boring churches in reference to securing a pastor. Mr. Benjamin Thurston, of Bradford, Mass., then about thirty years of age, was recommended, and being well liked, he received a call for settlement, and was ordained on the 2d of November, 1785. Al- though an able preacher, he was not very Christ-like in character, yet during his ministry of about fifteen years fifty-three were added to the church. A debt was contracted of considerable amount, to pay which a portion of the parsonage was sold. Agreeable to the known desire of the people, he tendered his resig- nation, and was dismissed on the 27th of October, 1800. The parish chose a committee to look up another minister, and Col. Thomas Leavitt, chairman of that committee, went to Andover, Mass., with the purpose of inviting Mr. Jonathan French, son of the beloved pastor of the South Parish in that town, to preach as a candidate. He gave up the prospect of another field of labor, and agreed to spend a few Sabbaths in town. The people were well pleased with him, and without delay he was requested to become their min- ister. He was ordained on the 18th of November, 1801, being twenty-three years of age, and having graduated at Harvard College three years before. Little then did he realize the work which God had marked out for him in North Hampton. Little did he think that he would be instrumental in moulding the character of more than one generation in the same parish. Little did he suppose he should write a his- tory on human hearts that would cause his name to be fragrant in memory long after he should rest from his labors. It is well that he could not divine the future. He proved to be the right man in the right place. Party feeling in politics ran high in the beginning of the present century, and as the parish included the whole town, this feeling was expressed in ecclesistical as well as civil affairs, and was pronounced in an ap- parent opposition to the settlement of Mr. French. Great wisdom was needed to meet such a state of things, but the young pastor was equal to the occa- sion, and so deported himself as to command the re- spect of all classes. It was one condition of the call for settlement, that the parish should repair the parsonage-house or build a new one. They found it advisable to build. The work was undertaken in earnest, and in 1803 they completed a substantial and commodious house after the style of those days. About this time the pastpr was married to Miss Rebecca Farrar, of Lincoln, Mass., a lady fair to look upon, lovely in spirit, and possessed of sterling virtues. As he was returning to his home with his bride, after having taken a short vacation, the people, desirous of showing their esteem, sent a delegation to meet him just beyond the border of the State, while the greater part of them went out to escort him from the Hampton line to the recently finished and furnished parsonage-house, and to make the occasion complete a grand reception was held in the evening. This auspicious beginning was followed by years of peace and prosperity, the pastor continu- ing to receive that high respect, and sometimes rev- erence, which people of those days were accustomed to give to ministers of the gospel, while his words of instruction and counsel were received without much serious questioning or even mental dissent. In those days it required great boldness, and certainly it was a violation of the sentiment of the people, to make a public issue with the minister. In such a state of society the pastor's influence was potent and usually prevailing. He was consulted on temporal as well as spiritual interests, and often became the final ar- bitrator when parties disagreed. In the year 1816 the parish decided to add a tower to the church and place in it a good-sized bell. This was what their fathers felt the need of and long talked about. Its completion was a matter of con- gratulation, as it gave new life to the community by being rung to regulate their daily labors, as well as to summon them to worship. Although the parish included the town, yet all the inhabitants of the town were not in sympathy with the church. For a generation some had entertained the belief and sentiments of the Baptists, and had protested against the support of orthodox worship. This number increased until a Free- Will Baptist So- ciety was formed. Many of this class early availed themselves of a statute law, by which their minis- terial tax could be used for other than the support of orthodox Congregational worship. This prepared the way for a proportional claim of the parsonage property. A period of great trial now came on. Nothing more difficult to manage had occurred since the North Hill parish was formed, nearly one bun- 412 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIEE. dred years before. Party feeling was strong, and it became needful to support the preaching of the gos- pel independent of the town. This necessitated the formation of the North Hampton Congregational Society in 1834, although the constitution was not adopted until the month of June, 1835. In order to equitably divide the parish property, the town voted to sell the parsonage for sixteen hun- dred dollars, and that each voter should say to which religious society his proportional part should be given. Much the larger proportion was given to the Congre- gational Society. On the 27th of April that society voted to purchase the parsonage for the sum specified. In payment of this they had to tax themselves only for the amount which the Baptist people had received. As the town ceased to provide ministerial support after the sale and transfer of the parsonage, Mr. French was employed by the Congregational Society. So strongly attached was he to his people that in their period of trial he proposed to relinquish one- fourth part of his salary, when the entire amount was scarcely sufficient to maintain himself and family. But the people never knowingly allowed him to be in want. The meeting-house still belonged to the town, and an unsuccessful effort was made to secure its transfer to the new society. They now began to feel that they must have a house of their own in which to worship. This feeling deepened, and they soon decided to build on the parsonage land. Arrangements were made for executing their purpose, and on the 21st and 22d of June, 1838, "the frame of the new meeting-house was raised. Prayer was offered by the pastor on the foundation before the raising commenced. No ardent spirit or other intoxicating liquor was furnished at the raising. It was accomplished without noise and without injury to any one." The house was dedicated to the worship of God on the 31st of October of the same year, the sermon being preached by the pastor from John x. 23. This was a little more than one hundred years after the first meeting-house was built in town, and seventy-seven years after the dedication of the second house. Nine years afterwards a new bell was hun^ in the tower, and in the year following that important addition measures were taken by the ladies to purchase the hall in the old brick school- house, which years before was built for a lodge of Freemasons. This was fitted up for a vestry, and dedicated on the 31st of January, 1849, and was one of the many improvements secured to the church and society by the Ladies' Sewing Circle. No social meetings of a religious character were held when Mr. French entered upon his ministry. In 1816 he wrote : " Taking into consideration the low state of religion in our church and parish, and viewing it to be exceedingly desirable that professors of religion should be awakened to a spirit of piety and a life of godliness, and that religion should be revived in this place, Mrs. French and myself retired in the evening of August 2d after our commu- nion lecture, and united in a prayer especially for a revival of religion in our own hearts and family, and in the' church and town." He was greatly in earnest to secure a higher type of godliness. At the close of the public lecture on October 3d he " pro- posed a religious conference at the parsonage-house at seven o'clock in the evening, and invited the mem- bers to whom such a meeting would be agreeable and convenient to attend.'; Eight persons were present. That was the beginning of the weekly church prayer- meeting, which has never since for any considerable period been omitted, and which has been of incalcu- lable benefit to the people, the seed-corn of repeated revivals of religion. The membership of the church was about one hun- dred when Mr. French became pastor, but additions were frequently made during his ministry. In 1806 ten were received into the church, in 1817 eleven were added, in 1823 there was an increase of forty-two, in 1827 twenty-five were admitted, in 1832 thirty-four publicly confessed Christ, and in 1839 the church was strengthened by thirty-five new members. Dur- ing this active pastorate of fifty-one years two hun- dred and eighty-five were admitted to the church, increasing the actual membership to one hundred and forty-five. One year before having a colleague the pastor was honored with the degree of Doctor of Divinity by Dartmouth College. On the 13th of De- cember, 1856, he died among his beloved people and surrounded by his large family, until this time unbroken by death, at age of seventy-eight years, having been ordained over this church a little more than fifty-five years before. Mr. John Dinsmore, from Bangor Theological Seminary, was ordained as colleague pastor on the 18th of November, 1852. At that time the church and society were in a healthy condition, and there was reason to suppose that the severest days of trial and hardship were over. Under his ministration the interests of the church strengthened, and the growth steadily continued. The demand for seats in the meeting-house became greater than the supply, so an addition to one end was made sufficient for six- teen pews in 1855, the greater part of which were soon purchased by different individuals. Essential changes were made in some of the parsonage build- ings, and in other respects the pastorate was memorable for harmony and general prosperity. " The word of God grew and multiplied." The church retained her good report among sister churches, and the door was opened for increasing usefulne-s in the future. SixLy-six were received to the church during Mr. Dinsmore's pastorate, securing a net gain of eighteen. After about teu years of faithful service he resigned and accepted a call to Winslow, Me. The church did not care to be long without a pas- tor to break to them the bread of life, and being highly pleased with the temporary ministrations of Rev. NOETH HAMPTON. 413 Elijah Cutler, they invited him to settle with them, but he did not see fit to comply with the request. After this Mr. John 0. Barrows, from Andover Theological Seminary, by his pleasing address, fine culture, and unquestioned piety, won the hearts of the people after a few Sabbaths' supply, and received a unanimous call from the church and society to become their pastor. He was ordained on the 9th of June, 1864. During his pastorate of two years there was con- siderable religious interest, and thirteen were received into the church. Believers were enjoined to be kctive in every department of Christian labor, and the pure and perfect standard of Christ was constantly held up for imitation. The greater part of the parsonage farm was sold about the time of his settlement, while a legacy of two thousand dollars had just been left the society by Eufus Leavitt, Esq., and at a subsequent period Miss Olive Hobbs left one thousand dollars for the society. Mr. Barrows asked to be relieved from the pastoral office, and was dismissed on the 8th of September, 1866, soon afterwards being installed over the First Church in Exeter. In the spring of 1867, Eev. Thomas V. Haines, then preaching at Ossipee Centre, was invited to the va- cant pulpit. On the 5th of May he becanie acting pastor, which relation he sustained to the church until the 27th of April, 1870, when, under the guid- ance of a marked Providence, he was installed. The people caught the spirit of external improve- ment which was becoming quite general among the churches, and as the old vestry purchased by the ladies twenty years before was inconvenient and much out of repair, and withal by some regarded as unsafe, the meeting-house was raised in 1869, and large and comfortable rooms added as a basement for social meetings, lectures, and Sunday-school purposes. For several Sabbaths the church was necessarily un- occupied, but the work was pushed to completion, and the dedicatory services were held on the 26th of October. This was a much-needed improvement, which the people appeared to appreciate. In 1874 the interior of the meeting-house was re- modeled, finely finished, and beautifully adorned. New furniture was provided by the generosity of J. W. F. Hobbs, Esq., who at a later period added stained windows tastefully designed. A pipe-organ was se- cured and set up, and the finishing touches were given, so that the rededication services were held on the 2d of July. Several seasons of religious awakening have oc- curred within the present pastorate. In 1872 seven- teen were gathered into the church. In 1876 occurred the most remarkable revival known in the history of the church. The entire town was deeply moved by the presence of the Holy Spirit. The Christian re- ligion became the great theme of conversation. Pro- fessors were awakened to a fuller sense of their responsibility, while many entered upon a new relig- ious life. Seventy-five united with the church. In 1879 nine were received into church-fellowship. During the fifteen years of the present pastorate one hundred and twenty-one have taken upon themselves the covenant relations of this church, giving a net gain of fifty-seven members, the present number being two hundred and four. The growth of the cht(rch has been slow but steady from the beginning. More than seven hundred have been enrolled among the membership. Benevolent causes for the evangelizing of the world have received attention. Soon after the great idea of missions io heathen lands had been projected a re- sponse was given by this church. One missionary — Rev. Simon L. Hobbs, to the Choctaw Indians — has gone from the membership. In 1814 the Female Charitable Society was organ- ized, which accomplished a. good work for fourteen years. In 1817 the Gentlemen's Charitable Society began operations, and liberally contributed for ten years. In 1818 the Juvenile Charitable Society was formed, in which active work was done for twelve years. In 1845 the Female Cent Society, auxiliary to the State society of the same name, was started, which is still helpful to the cause of missions. In 1878 the Women's Missionary Society took shape and activity, which is doing a good work for foreign lands. In 1878 the Young People's Mission Circle had its rise, and is characterized by commendable zeal. In 1818 the Sunday-school v/as started by Eev. Dr. French, in which the children repeated texts of Scripture and were catechized. It has been maintained with greater or less interest, and has grown to be a service of much importance, being promotive of earnest study of the Scriptures, and having a membership at the present time of two hundred and ninety-three, embracing all ages, and standing second only to the preaching ser- vice in methods of accomplishing good. The present superintendent, Deacon Frank E. Drake, has filled the office for the past eleven years. This church and people have generally been in- terested in the great events occurring around them. They have been true to their convictions, loyal to their God and the great principles of our political government. Some of them suffered much during the last French and Indian war. When the Eevolu- tionary war began they raised minute-men, paying them seven dollars a month, and six out of the num- ber were required to guard the coast of this town each night from sunset to sunrise. They furnished soldiers when called upon, and those at home deprived them- selves of comforts to pay the bounties. During the great Eebellion the largely prevailing sentiment was truly loyal, and a considerable number of the young men experienced the hardships of the battle-field. During our national existence the people have been patriotic and truth-loving, always indus- trious, and, manifesting ordinary frugality, never dis- posed to create lines of caste in society, or to live re- 414 HISTOEY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIKK gardless of one another's interests. They have been a " peaceable folk," knowing the meaning of " neigh- borly kindness.'' Every generation has risen above the preceding in comforts and culture. The influence of the church has been powerfully felt for good, while the instruction of the pulpit has had more to do in moulding the character of community and giving a grand uplift to all the people than any other agent. Appendix. — Nearly one hundred years ago a few of the people of the town lost their love for Congrega- tionalism, and complained against paying their rates for the support of orthodox worship. They were deeply aggrieved, and on the 27th of March, 1787, the town voted to give them their minister's rates, dating back to the year 1783. The greater part of those who dissented called themselves Free-Will Baptists. They erected a small house •of worship in the south part of the town some time before the close of the last cen- tury. Their meetings were held for a number of years, although they had no organization either of church or society. One of their number was regarded as the preacher, but at length the interest waned, and their house of worship was moved to Hampton. After a considerable interval their interest revived, and the First Free-Will Baptist Society of North Hampton was incorporated on the 18th of December, 1816. Religious meetings were held for a while, but again their ardor cooled, and soon the society had only a nominal existence. But it was reorganized about the year 1834, and the interest became so great that a Free- Will Baptist Church was formed. About this time there arose another class of Bap- tists who preferred the Christian persuasion. They held separate meetings, and in all particulars were denominationally distinct from the former. In 1888 the Free-Will Baptists built a meeting- house in the east part of the town, where they wor- shiped for a few years, but as there were but few of them they soon grew weak, and abandoned their enterprise. This was their last attempt as a denomi- nation to maintain the gospel in the town. The Christian Baptists, who had increased in num- bers and strength while they held their meetings in the school-house, began to talk of building a house of worship. They saw that it might not be best to erect another house by the side of the one then un- occupied, so in 1846 they bought up the pews in the Free-Will Baptist house, and came into possession of it, and on the 22d of January, 1859, the Christian Ohurch was organized with twenty members ; but their number has considerably increased, although they have not had regular preaching all of the time since. Theirs is an important part of the town, rapidly in- creasing in wealth and, during the, summer months, in population. MILITARY KECORD, 1861-66. Philip A.Warner, Co. K, 3d Regt.; eiil. Fob. 13,1864; date of disoh. unknown. John CuUen, Co. C, 4th Regt.; enl. Aug. 10, 1863; not officially ac- counted for. Albert Isaacson, Co. I, 4th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 27, 1864 ; disch. Aug. 23, 1866. • Jeremiah Brown, Jr., Co. B, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; disch. Feb. 11,1862. John D. Hobbs, Co. B, 4th Regt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Charles Smith, Co. K, 4th Regt.; enl. Jan. 4, 1865. Edward Smith, Co. G, 6th Regt.; enl. Sept. 7, 1864. Frederick Toerber, Co. I, 5th Regt.; enl. Aug. 10, 1863. John Williams, Co. H, 6th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 10, 1863. John White, Co. G, 5th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 7, 1864. Elias H, Marston, Co. D, 5th Regt. ; enl. Oct. 23, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. May 12, 1863 ; pro. to adjt. July 1, 1863; disch. Oct. 22, 1864, Robert Parrott, Co. H, 6th Regt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. ; ab- sent, sick ; no disch. furnished. Albert A. Batchelder, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1862; pro. 1st sergt. disch. June 4, 1865. Thomas Bell, Co. B, 6th Regt.; enl. Sept. 3, 1862. Leon Saladad, Co. E, 6th Regt.; enl. Dec. 15, 1863; absent, no disch. furnished. William Brown, Co. A, 7th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 21, 1864. James Daggett. Joseph S. Miles, Co. F, 9th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 15, 1863 ; pro. to Corp. ; sup- posed to have died in a rebel prison. John Shaughnessy, Go. G, 9th Regt. ; enl. June 13, 1864. Alexander Thompson, Co. K, 9th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 16, 1863 ; died Sept. 8, 1864. John Thompson, Co. K, 9th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 15, 1863; pro. to Corp. Henry Andrews, Co. F, 9th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 16, 1863. John Anderson, Co. F, 9th Begt.; enl. Deo. 16,1863; disch. Oct. 16, 1864. John Glover, Co. D, 9th Regt. ; enl. Jnly 26, 1862; trans, to Vet. Res. Corp. Sept. 1,1863. Henry Andrews, Co. F, 9th Regt.; enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Emery Sumner, Jr., Co, G, 11th Regt.; enl. Feb. 11, 1864; trans, to 6th N. H. Vol. June 1, 1865. Jeremiah Batchelder, Co. I, 11th Regt.; enl. Sept. 3, 1862; missing in action July 30, 1864. Charles Brown, Co. K, 12th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 15, 1 ks ; trans, to U. S. navy, April 29, 1864. William Smith, Co. B, 12th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 16, 1863 ; trans, to U. S. navy, April 29, 1864. George Wilson, Co. D, 12th Regt.; enl. Dec. 16, 1863; killed June 3, 1864. James Welch, Co. H, 12tli Regt.; enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Joseph Woods, Co. A, 12th Begt. ; enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Charles Johnson, Co. B, 12th Regt.; enl. Dec. 16, 1863 ; trans, to U. S. navy, April 29, 1864. Charles Brown, Co. I, 12th Regt.; enl. Dec. 16, 1863; disch. May 18, 1866. Michael Walch, Co. D, 14th Regt. ; enl. Oct. 1, 1862. Thomas O'Neil, Co. F, 14th Regt.; enl. Oct. 7,' 1862. Hugh Rainy, 14th Regt.; enl. Aug. 3, 1864; not officially accounted for. Thomas Wilson, Co. F, 15th Regt.; enl. Nov. 7, 1862. William J. Bradford, mus., Co. I, 16th Regt.;'enl, Nov. 1, 1862; disch. Aug. 20, 1863. Eleazer 0. Addison, Corp., Co. K, 16th Regt.; enl. Nov. 1, 1862; disch. Aug.20, 1S63. Samuel G. Armour, Co. K, 16th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 3, 1862. Charles W. Hall, Co. K, 16tli Regt.; enl. Nov. 1, 1862. Bphraim H. Packer, Co. K, 16th Begt.; enl. Nov. 14, 1862; disch Aug. 20,1863. Wm. Smith, 17th Regt.; enl. Nov. 24, 1862; not officially accounted for. James P. Hall, Co. B, 17th Begt.; enl. Nov. 13, 1862; not officially ac- counted for. Oliver Harriman, Co. B, 17th Regt.;. enl. Nov. 13, 1862; not officially accounted for. Patrick J. Kidder, mus., Co. B, 17th Regt. ; enl. Nov. 13, 1862 ; not offi- cially accounted for. Michael McQueeny, Co. B, 17th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 13, 1862; trans, to Co. E, 2d Regt; disch. Aug. 14, 1863. Henry Remick, Co. B, 17th Regt. ; enl. Nov. 13, 1862 ; trans, to Co. K, 2d Regt. ; disch. Aug. 14, 1863. James Davis, Co. A, 17th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 24, 1862; not officially ac- counted for. Perry C. Moore, Co. A, 17th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 13, 1862; not officially ac- counted for. ^ NORTH HAMPTON. 415 James S. Towusend, Co. B, 17th Kegt. ; enl. Nov. 13, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. ; disch. April 16, 1S63. Charles W. Winsliip, Co. B, 17th Eegt.; enl. Nov. 14, 1862 ; trans, to Co. D, 2d Regt; killed July 2, 1863. John Williams, 17th Regt.; enl. Nov. 14, 1862; not oflicially accounted for. ■William H. Blake, Co. K,17th Begt. , enl. Nov. 18, 1862; con. with 2d Eegt.; disch. Oct. 9, 1863. Samuel P. Hull, sergt, Co. B, 17th Regt.; enl. Nov. 13, 1862; not offi- cially accounted for. Frank Michael, Co. B, 17th Regt.; enl. Dec. 18, 1862; not ofBcially ac- counted for. James C. Rand, 17th Regt.; enl. Dec. 18, 1862; not officially accounted for. Joseph Williams, 17th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 18, 1862 ; not officially accounted for. Walter Binney, 17th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 18, 1862 ; con. with Co. 1, 2d Regt., April 16, 1863. Samuel E. Sanborn, 17th Kegt. ; enl. Dec. 18, 1862 ; con. with Co. I, 2d Regt.; died Aug. 20, 1863. Andrew J. Batchelder, Co. G, 18th Regt.; enl. Jan. 6, 1865; disch. July 29, 1865. Orlando L. Blake, Co. G, 18th Regt.; enl. Jan. 6, 1866 ; disch. July 29, 1865. John W. Mace, Co. G, ISth Kegt.; enl. Jan. 7, 1865 ; disch. July 29, 1866. Horace Leavitt, Co. M, N. E. Cav. ; enl. Dec. 24, 1861 ; pro, to corp. and sergt. ; trans, to Yet. Res. Corps. Frank D. Hobbs, Co. M, N. E. Cav.; enl. Sept. 15, 1862; disch. Novem- ber, 1862. John H. Elkins, Co. M, N. E. Cav.; enl. Sept. 15, 1862; killed June 18, 1863. Joshua P. Smith, Co. M, N. E. Cav. ; enl. Sept. 15, 1862 ; disch. July 15, 1865. John W. Warner, Co. M, N. E. Cav.; enl. Sept. 16, 1862; disch. July 15, 1865. , William T. Bodrich, N. E. Cav.; enl. Sept. 15, 1862; not officially ac- counted for. William J. Bowly, Co. M, N. E. Cav.; enl. Sept. 22, 1862; died July 25, 1864. James F. Hobbs, Co. M, N. B. Cav.; enl. Sept. 16, 1862; pro. to corp. ; disch. July 15, 1865. Dana A. Torrey, Co. K, N. E. Cav.; enl. Sept. 22, 1862 ; disch. Oct. 19, 1863. Lawrence Merefin, enl. Sept. 6, 1864; date of disch. unknown. William Rochford, enl. Sept. 1, 1864; date of disch. unknown. Walter S. Weeks, enl. Aug. 16, 1^64; date of disch. unknown. Michael Sullivan, enl. Aug. 13, 1864; date of disch. unknown. Amos W. Samson, enl. Aug. 13, 1864; date of disch. unknown. John W. Caniiichael, eul. Aug. 30, 1864; date of disch. unknown. John Jones, enl. Aug. 29, 1864 ; date of disch. unknown. AVilliam H. Price, enl. Aug, 30, 1864; date of disch. unknown. Peter Dudley, enl. Sept. 5, 1864; date of disch. unknown. John Morrisey, enl. Jan. 3, 1866 ; date of disch. unknown. Thomas Atkins, enl. Jan. 21, 1864; date of disch. unknown. William Shannon, enl. Jan. 21, 1864; date of disch. unknown. Samuel Jones, enl. May 27, 1864; date of disch. unknown. William H. Horvers, enl. July 3, 1863; date of disch. unknown. John Flynn, enl. Aug. 31, 1863; date of disch. unknown. William P. Andrews, enl. Aug. 31, 1863 ; date of discb. unknown. George Brenard, enl. Sept. 1, 1863; date of disch. unknown. Patrick McGraii, enl. Aug. 29, 1863 ; date of disch. unknown. Thomas H. Clough, Cav. ; enl. Sept. 21, 1862 ; date of disch. unknown. John Edwards, Cav. ; enl. Sept. 21, 1862 ; date of disch. unknown. William F. Sanders, Cav. ; enl. Sept. 21, 1862; date of disch, unknown. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. REV. JONATHAN FRENCH, D.D. John French, one of the progenitors of the subject of this sketch, came from Thorndic, Scotland, when about twenty years of age, and was admitted a free- man in 1639. He lived to be about eighty years of age, dying Aug. 6, 1692. His early married life was spent in Dorchester, but subsequently he removed to Braintree. He was the father of eight children, the seventh of whom was Thomas, who was born in Braintree, Jan. 10, 1657. Thomas was married and had ten children, the third of whom was Moses, who was born Feb. 16, 1700. He married Esther, daughter of Ephraim and Sarah Thayer, Dec. 24, 1730, and con- tinued to make his home in Braintree. Their children numbered seven, the sixth of whom was Jonathan, the father of the subject of this sketch. He was born Jan. 30, 1740. When about seventeen years of age he entered the army employed against the French and Indians, and in March, 1757, repaired to Fort Edward. Debilitated by the smallpox and the fever and ague, he returned home in October. He was after- ward stationed at Castle William, where, in the ca- pacity of a sergeant, he often had the chief care of the garrison. In that situation his life was twice in great jeopardy. An Indian servant at the castle, to whom he had refused rum, assailed him with a drawn knife. With great presence of mind and agility he avoided the weapon and brought his antagonist to the earth. The Indian, completely vanquished and sur- prised that his life was spared, was ever after grateful and obliging. In the other instance, at great hazard, he seized an Indian prisoner who had escaped from confinement, and, armed with a large club, threatened the life of any one who should attempt to take him. Contemplating the practice of physic and surgery, his leisure was employed in the study, and so much did he enjoy the confidence of the faculty that the medicines and care of the sick were often intrusted solely to him. It is related of him that in an emer- gency calling for medicines that could be obtained only in Boston, when no one could be induced to make the perilous trip because of the dangerous con- dition of the ice, he crossed and recrossed the harbor, carrying a long pole horizontally, and making a safe trip, although often in great danger. It is gratifying to know that the patient in whose behalf the trip was made was restored to health by means of the medi- cines procured. Mr. French prepared for college, and on leaving the army entered Harvard University, from which institution he graduated in 1771. He was ordained a minister of the gospel in the South Parish in Ando- ver, Sept. 23. 1772. His manner of preaching is de- scribed as " serious, solemn, and impressive." He was an industrious worker, a cheerful man, and " given to hospitality." His house was frequented by visitors of all ages, and he was ever a favorite with both old and young. In religious sentiment he was such a Calvinist as the first fathers of New England. He had a strong attachment to the Assembly's catechism, in which he regularly instructed the children in the seven dis- tricts of his parish. He was one of the founders of 416 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the Massachusetts Society for the Promotion of Chris- tian Knowledge, and being a wise, prudent, and judi- cious counselor, was called to attend a great num- ber of ecclesiastical councils in all parts of New England. Aug. 26, 1773, a little less than a year after his or- dination, he was married to Miss Abigail Richards, a daughter of Dr. Benjamin Richards, of Weymouth. To them were born five children. The third of these was the only son, and took his father's name. Rev. Jonathan French, of Andover, died of a paralytic affection, July 28, 1809, in the seventieth year of his age, and the thirty -seventh of his ministry. A sermon was delivered at his funeral from John xiv. 28, by Rev. Mr. Stone, of Reading. • We come now to speak of Rev. Jonathan French, of North Hampton. He was born Aug. 16, 1778, at Andover, and, as stated above, bore his father's name. He also followed in his father's footsteps, and became a minister of the gospel. Both his parents were direct descendants from John Alden, the first man who stepped his foot on Plymouth Rock, and one of the most prominent and influential men in the Plymouth Colony. Growing up in a Christian family and highly favored by the religious influences which surrounded him, his life-work was early determined upon. In- deed, it is said that he formed the purpose in his fourth year, during a distressing confinement from a deep scald, to become a preacher of the gospel, a pur- pose which he never afterward relinquished. He made a public profession of faith in Christ at the age of sixteen years, and during his first year in college. Always of a studious nature, he was given the best opportunities for education to be enjoyed in New England, which opportunities he improved to the utmost. At sixteen years he entered Harvard Col- lege, and when at twenty he graduated with the high- est honor of the class, the opportunity to deliver the valedictory oration was proflTered him, but de- clined. After leaving college he was employed for a time as a teacher in Phillips' Academy, at Andover. He studied theology under the direction of his father, and began to preach at North Hampton in July, 1801, being ordained on the 18th of November, in the same year, as pastor of the Congregational Church. He is described as being at that time "youthful in appear- ance, small in stature, of a florid countenance, and quick and nervous in temperament." His record as a minister is a most remarkable one in this, that for fifty-five years he labored with this one church, and for fifty-one years was its sole pastor. It is said, too, that in this long ministry he was prevented by sick- ness from attending public worship only eight and a half Sabbaths. In 1804, three years after his ordination, a new par- sonage was built at North Hampton for the " young minister," with the expectation that he would shortly occupy it with his bride. But the lady of his choice became infatuated with a sea-captain, and refused to marry the minister, tartly remarking that she pre- ferred a ship with three masts. Mr. French subse- quently married Rebecca, only daughter of Deacon Samuel Farrar, of Lincoln. Deacon Farrar was a captain at the battle of Lexington, and his father was a member of the Continental Congress. Mrs. French's brothers were Samuel Farrar, Esq., one of the- founders of the Theological Seminary at Andover; Prof. John Farrar, of Cambridge; and Deacon James Farrar, of Lincoln, who spent his days at the home of his ancestors in Lincoln. In the early days of his pastorate there was a lack of harmony in the parish, largely growing out of political differences. In fact, one of the factions finding that the others were favorable to him objected to his being settled at all, and he hesitated about taking the place. But the Ecclesia.stical Council upon investigation decided that the opposition to him was not at all personal, and promptly ordained and installed him. Time vindicated their action, for in a little while he became popular with the men of both parties or factions, and brought the church into entire harmony in its work. He entered heartily into all neighborhood work, and took a lively interest in township affairs. He enjoyed the confidence of the people to a remarkable degree. It was a common thing for them to consult him in their business plans, and in sickness he was as frequently called as the physician, and often he made the first visit and was advised with as to whether or not a physician should be called. He studied hum^n nature to good pur- pose, and was able to deal with the eccentricities of his parishioners in a manner to win them to the better way without giving lasting offiense. He was among the first to comprehend the evils of intemperance, and to engage actively in the reform movement. Even while it was considered a mark of disrespect not to set the decanter before one's guests, he resolved to banish it from his house and espouse the cause of reform. To those engaged in the liquor traffic, he said, " Your business is counteracting the influence of mine. Serious thoughts instilled into the mind^ of our people on our Sabbath, appear, with a considerable class of men, to be dissipated at the store or the tavern before another Sabbath comes." He was not only a man of strong convictions and fixed principles, but of deep, earnest piety as well. His church was never numerically large, but it was a working church, and frequently blessed with reli- gious revivals. Few changes except by birth or death occurred in the community, but nevertheless it was his privilege to receive into the church two hun- dred and eighty-five members during his pastorate. Other communities were also blessed by his labors, for he aided and encouraged them in the building of churches and the sustaining of public worship. More than once he was called to preach the election sermon before the State Legislature, and he was in- vited to attend one hundred and seventv-three eccle- t-ntj^ Itj .- IPdU --- .^Jt.-^^ ^^ £ ^cH^ J^^'nyAH'^ NORTH HAMPTON. 417 siastical councils. He joined the Piscataqua Asso- ciation when there were but twenty members. For a long time he was the youngest, and always one of the most active and most deeply interested. Dartmouth College conferred upon him thedegree of D.D. in 1851. The Sabbath-school and the Bible-class early awak- ened his attention and interest. The prayer-meet- ing was always a place of interest when he was there. During the fifty-first year of his ministry, and when the shadows of life were rapidly lengthening, there came a season of especial interest to the aged pastor and his people, and some fifty or sixty persons devoted themselves to the cause of religion. He was a happy man in his family, and lived to see his eleven children — five sons and six daughters — grow to manhood and womanhood, and all occu- pying useful positions in society. One has said of him that " he was a good man and just, being sound in judgment, well informed in ecclesiastical events, orthodox in his theology, a scriptural preacher, loyal to his convictions, affable in his manners, and, with- out studied effort, inviting the confidence of his people." He wrought well for the Master. He was a bright and unblemished ex.ample of Christian and ministerial life, uniformly devout and prayerful, eminent for gravity, simplicity, and sound speech. In doctrine he was incorrupt, in labors abundant and successful. His death, which occurred in his sev- enty-eighth year, was peaceful and triumphant. DR. MOSES L. HOBBS. Dr. Moses L. Hobbs, son of Col. David L. Hobbs and Judith Jenness, daughter of Samuel Jenness, was born in the town of Freedom, N. H., July 1, 1800. His father was a son of Capt. David Hobbs, and was born in North Hampton. He descended from Morris Hobbs, who emigrated from England and settled in New England, and became the progenitor of all the Hobbs family now residents in New Hampshire, and many others who are scattered through the different States. Capt. David Hobbs was a son of Deacon Benjamin Hobbs, a farmer. The captain served his country faithfully during the Revolutionary war. Col. David L. Hobbs was a farmer by occupation. He reared a family of five children, viz., Moses L., Victory, John, Alvali, and Mary, who married, first, a Dr. Moses Marston, and had three children, and, second, Dr. Stephen Adams, and had two children. Mr. Hobbs was colonel in the State militia for many years. He died in 1865, at the age of eighty-five, and his wife in 1860, aged eighty-one years. Dr. Moses L. received a common-school and academic education at Hampton and Effingham Academies. He taught school several winters during the time he was acquiring his education. He began the study of medicine with Dr. Moses Sweat, a celebrated physician and surgeon, at Parson- 27 field. Me. Dr. Hobbs remained with him some four years, and then attended lectures under the direction of Dr. Alexander Ramsey, a distinguished physician and surgeon, formerly of Edinburgh, Scotland. He commenced the practice of medicine at Dover, Me., about 1825, and remained there some three years, when he went to Parkman, Me., and remained a short time. In July, 1829, he settled in North Hamp- ton, on the same farm where he has since continued to reside. For more than half a century Dr. Hobbs has had the principal practice in his adopted town, and his ride has extended into all the adjoining towns. He married Fannie, daughter of Simeon Mars- ton and Abihail Leavit, July, 1829. Of this union six children were born, viz., David (deceased), who graduated at Hanover College; Joseph B. (deceased), who married, and left a son. Earnest; Victory (de- ceased), who also was a graduate of Hanover, and a physician by profession at the time of his death ; Ann Jennette, Mrs. John Smith, of Saybrook, N. H. ; and Leavitt M., who resides in California. Mrs. Hobbs died June 30, 1854, and he married for his second wife, March 10, 1858, Caroline, daughter of John Dodge, of Newburyport, Mass. Politically he has been a lifelong Jeffersonian Democrat, and has held important offices in his town, such as selectman and member of the Constitutional Convention of New Hampshire. At one time he was surgeon of a regiment of State militia, which posi- tion he held for many years. He has always taken a deep interest in educational matters, and has served as school commissioner for several years. The doctor stands deservedly high in the estimation of his fellow-townsmen, not only as a good and safe counselor in times of distress, but as a genial and kind-hearted gentleman. He is far ad- vanced in life, yet he retains his reasoning faculties remarkably well, and can interest one by the hour in reciting poems learned in early life. J. "W. F. HOBBS. John W. F. Hobbs, son of Jonathan Hobbs, Jr., and Fanny Dearborn, his wife, was born Jan. 3, 1815 on the same farm in North Hampton where in the twilight of a more than ordinarily successful life he now resides. He is a lineal descendant of the first one known now of the name, one Thomas Hobbs, an early native of Hampton, who married a Sherburne, combined the avocations of farmer, tanner, and shoe- maker, and was father of several children, — Jona- than being the first born. He^died far advanced in life in the communion of the Congregational Church. Jonathan was born in North Hampton May 15, 1774 followed the same avocations as his father, married Fanny, daughter of John Dearborn, about 1798. They had nine children, — Mary F., Fanny (deceased), Leocady D., Sarah, Fanny'', Horatio D., W. J. C. and J. W. F. (twins), and Harriet N. (deceased). Seven 418 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. attained maturity. Mr. and Mrs. Hobbs were from early life communicants of the Congregational Church, and Mr. Hobbs was one of the delegates who met their old pastor, Rev. Jonathan French, with his new bride, beyond the State line to Newburyport bridge, as an escort to accompany them to their new and pleasant parsonage at oSTorth Hampton. He was strongly Whig in politics. Mr. Hobbs died Nov. 2'i, 1852, aged seventy-eight. Mrs. Hobbs died Oct. 5, 1826, aged fifty. John W. F. Hobbs received the educational advan- tages of the common schools of North Hampton, sup- plemented by a few weeks' attendance at an academy at Andover, Mass., where by his industry and economy he not only paid his expen.ses but laid up ten dol- lars. This accomplishment in the few weeks is typi- cal of the successful after business life of the man, and was the early expression of the prudence and thrift so characteristic of the better class of New England people. In 1837, being just past his ma- jority, our young man went to Boston and engaged as coachman for Col. Benjamin Pickman, of Salem, Mass., and remained three years in his employ. He first received sixteen dollars per month, which was afterwards advanced to twenty. He began life poor, and he early learned to appreciate the value of money and the necessity of economy in expenditure; conse- quently he kept his expenses during these years within the limits of from twenty-five to thirty dollars each year. A mention in this connection of his first earn- ings and their proceeds may not be inappropriate. His first labor bringing financial return was doing little errands while yet very young for five cents. These sums were carefully saved until they amounted to three dollars and eighty-five cents. This was counted occasionally, and on going to Boston he had accumulated ten dollars in these little savings. This sum he deposited in the Provident Institution in 18-t4 at the birth of his oldest child, and this with some small additions has increased to the almost incredible sum of more than five hundred dollars. About 1840, Mr. Hobbs entered into partnership with J. S. Leavitt in a provision-store. This copart- nership continued two years, and was very successful. Then for three years Mr. Hobbs continued merchan- dising alone, closing in 18-15 his mercantile career, at the age of thirty, with a capital of about sixteen hundred dollars, which he invested in the omnibus business, and was the first man to run an omnibus on Washington Street from Dock Square to Canton Street. He first conceived the idea of entering this business while on a visit to New York City as a dele- gate to a Whig celebration ; and noticing the omni- buses plying up and down Broadway, he was led to inquire why they might not prove equally beneficial and remunerative in Boston. Accordingly he pur- chased two " 'busses," with horses and other necessary equipments, and drove one himself, and was the first man to carry passengers for five cents fare in Boston. He very soon took in as partner Henry C. Prescott, of Fitzwilliam, N. H., with whom he continued in the omnibus business for about six years. They were both honest, energetic, and efficient men, not ashamed to drive their own teams, and the business developed and extended far beyond their expecta- tions, proving not only highly remunerative to them, but infinitely beneficial to the citizens of South End, and the city of Boston itself, which at that time was the owner of most of the vacant lands in the vicinity of the southern terminus of their route. When they closed their connection with the busi- ness they had twenty-five omnibuses and one hun- dred and sixty horses, which, with their route and good will, they sold for one hundred thousand dollars. While in this business ITr. Hobbs invested in real estate, which increased largely in value, and after the sale he confined himself to real estate operations. From 1837 to 1866 he resided in Boston, passing the summers" of the last four or five years, however, at his present home, the old home farm of his ancestors and the place of his birth. This came into his pos- session about 1850, since which time he has erected the beautiful buildings, and made the numerous and elaborate improvements on what is now the finest place in his immediate vicinity, i A correct view of the same appears on another page of this work.) Since 1866 Mr. Hobbs has made this place his per- manent home. His farm consists of more than one hundred acres, which is in a high state of cultivation. In all the affairs of life Mr. Hobbs has found unusual success, owns to-day the largest interest in his native town, and is accounted its wealthiest citizen. He married (1) Elizabeth J., daughter of Deacon Francis Drake. She died Sept. 14, 1856, aged thirty- eight. They had four children, all of whom save one are dead. (2) Mary F., widow of James Night- ingale, and daughter of James Folsom, of Exeter. She died Oct. 14, 1865, aged forty-two. They had two children, — John F. and Lizzie M., — both dead. (3) Olive A., widow of Thomas Hobbs, and daughter of Samuel J. Drake, of North Hampton. She was born Jan. 12, 1828. Mr. Hobbs' life has been one of unusual prosperity and joy, mingled with deep afflic- tion and sorrow. He has been exceedingly felicitous in the choice of his wives, with each of whom he has lived most happily. He manifested in their selection the same discretion and forethought that characterized him generally. They were all singularly adapted to the position they were called to fill and to the vari- ous duties pertaining to their station, and Mr. Hobbs attributes no small share of his success in life to their excellent qualities and cordial co-operation. In politics Mr. Hobbs has been affiliated with the Republican party from its organization until recently, but supported and voted for Gen. Hancock in 1880. He has never been an office-seeker, preferring always the quiet of home to official place and honors. While a resident of Boston he was assessor, and held various -£V* "'/ A.tLB.it':'^-'^- NORTH HAMPTON. 419 other local offices, and since his residence here has been county commissioner three years. He was also justice of the peace several years. For years a mem- ber of the Congregational Church, Mr. Hobbs has taken a -deep interest in all things tending to advance the moral, educational, or business interests of his town, and has done his share and more in advancing all benevolent enterprise. In 1876 he (aided slightly by the districts in removing the old houses and draw- ing materials for the new) erected the beautiful school- house and town hall, at an expense to him of more than eleven thousand dollars. He has also at his own expense entirely remodeled and beautified the Con- gregational Church, and has purchased a very valu- able hearse, which he has given to the town. Mr. Hobbs combines the qualities of the good Anglo- Saxon stock transplanted in New England soil, has quick perception, keen discrimination, robust consti- tution, good judgment, steady perseverance, and in- domitable will, coupled with simplicity and fru- gality, — a union which will alwa3's achieve financial success when combined, as in him, with honesty of purpose and fair dealing. JOHN F. HOBBS. John F. Hobbs, son of J. W. F. Hobbs, was born in Boston, Mass., Feb. 4, 1859. He was educated at Boston, Phillips' Exeter Academy, Hampton Acad- emy, Newburyport, Mass., and one year at Amherst Agricultural College. As a scholar he was deep and thorough rather than superficial. He married, Nov. 12, 1879, Annie D., daughter of John F. French and Lemira Leavitt, with whom he lived happily a year and a half. He was a young man of rare promise, possessing qualities both of head and heart that (fully developed) would have fitted him for almost any station in life. It was his nature to be frank, kind-hearted, and generous. He combined industry with frugality, and " ate not the bread of idleness." Though modest and unassuming, he never lost his balance or self-possession. He was resolute and per- severing, yet cautious and considerate. He was emi- nently honest, truthful, and conscientious, and pos- sessed great integrity and uprightness of character and life. There was no hypocrisy or deceit in him, and he was never afraid under any circumstances to express his honest convictions. He was endowed with a mind of no ordinary vigor and compass, a retentive mem- ory, and took much pleasure in investigating and com- prehending every question with which he came in con- tact. Though born in affluent circumstances, he was never proud or arrogant; being trained to care for him- self, he never deemed any useful employment beneath his dignity or his care. He was fond of gunning, fishing, and other manly sports, but was never fickle, aimless, or inclined at all to indolence. He was a natural mechanic, and provided himself with tools, which he used with much skill and profit during his leisure hours, and wrought numerous articles ornamental as well as useful. He loved to see good farm-stock and keep them in fine order ; took great delight in highly- cultivated fields and raising luxuriant crops; be- lieved in good implements of husbandry, and never allowed them to be neglected. He knew the value of a good garden, and took pride in its arrangement, that he might have everything in its season. He was thoroughly posted in all his father's varied interests, and kept his books. Whether on the farm or in his business affairs elsewhere, he watched with jealous care its minutest details and rarely made mistakes. In his father's absence it was his habit to lead and guide, and not to follow, and he never required of another what he would not perform himself. What- ever his ,hands found to do he did it with his might, and what he did was done, thoroughly. Though but twenty-two years of age, he was old in experience, mature in judgment, and progressive in all his plans and endeavors. His position was almost precisely the reverse of his father's at the same age, who was obliged to acquire by his own unaided efforts all he possessed. The son had abundant resources and ample means to gratify his youthful ambition and desires, but he never squandered them, and though often sur- rounded with temptations too alluring for the weak, he imbibed no bad or vicious habit. He was emphatically a young man of substance rather than show. He had a benevolent disposition and sympathizing heart, and was ever ready to care for the unfortunate and assist the needy. He loved his home, and was ever active in providing for its wants and adding to its attractions and comforts. He loved the town of his abode, and took a deep interest in its material, social, intellectual, and moral advancement. He was surrounded with a large circle of friends and associates, in whose society he took much delight, and for whose welfare he was untiring in his efforts. He was the mainstay and support and hope of his father, the one on whom he was solely to depend, to whom he was to commit his varied inter- ests and transmit his large estate. He was the pride and solace of his young wife and ever-faithful mother- in-law, whose hearts, hopes, and lives seemed wholly bound in his. Mr. Hobbs was a member of the Con- gregational Church, and lived a most upright and ex- emplary life. Such were the qualities and character- istics of our young Christian friend, and such his aims and aspirations, when a mysterious Providence dashed to the ground these brilliant hopes and .severed these tender ties, and shrouded his family and friends and the whole community in gloom. His death occurred by accident, Aug. 27, 1881, an account of which is here appended, together with ac- companying resolutions : On Saturday morning, as a western-bound passen- ger train on the New York Central Railroad was ap- proaching Amsterdam, N. Y., something projecting from a passing freight train entered a window of one 420 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of the Wagner cars, striking Mr. John F. Hobbs, of North Hampton, N. H., upon the left arm. The bones were shattered, but no other person was injured, although several of the cars were raked by the pro- jecting object. Mr. Hobbs and his wife were members of the New England excursion party which left Bos- ton last Wednesday for Saratoga and Niagara Falls. He was conveyed on the train to Amsterdam, and sent to the Commercial Hotel, where every possible aid was rendered. It was found necessary to ampu- tate the arm, but this did not prove effectual in saving his life. He died about half-past four o'clock Satur- day afterfloon. He was widely known in his native town and its vicinity, and was very greatly respected. Resolutions of deep sympathy with the widow and other relatives were adopted by the members of the excursion party at Niagara Falls. THE LATE JOHN F. HOBBS. The members of the Raymond Excursion Party were called together in the parlors of the Interna- tional Hotel, at Niagara Falls,. Sunday, August 28th, Mr. John S. Rand, of Portsmouth, presiding, at which time a committee was appointed, who pre- sented the following resolutions, which were unani- mously adopted : " Whereaa, Mr. John F. Hobbs, of North Hampton, N. H., one of onr number, met with an accident on the way, which, to our surprise and grief, proved fatal, *' Szeolved, That we extend our tender and heartfelt sympathy to the companion so sadly bereaved, and to the parents and friends who have been suddenly plunged from light and joy into the deepest shadow of woe, and we fervently pray that divine comfort and strength may be given them from Him whose ways are past finding out, and whose wis- dom and love are infinite. " Resolved, That in this sad calamity, which has shadowed onr enjoy- ment, we feel thiit no blame whatever cau be attached to any connected with the management of the excursion, under the careful and gentle- manly charge of Mr. I. A. Whitcomb. " Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to the personal friends of the deceased and to the Portsmouth press and The Boston Journal, "Clifton Fletcher, Melrose, Mass., Lewis E. Smith, Portsmouth, N. H., Mes. B. a. Whipple, Lowell, Mass., " CtomniiWee." JAMES BATCHELDER. James Batchelder, son of John and Molly (Cotton) Batchelder, was born in North Hampton, N. H., May 17, 1795. His first American ancestor was Rev. Ste- phen Batchelder, a Congregational minister, who came from England at an early colonial period, and settled in Old Hampton, becoming a progenitor of a large and intelligent line of descendants. The great-grand- father of the subject of our sketch was John Batch- elder, who removed from Hampton to North Hamp- ton when his son James was six years of age. He was a farmer, as have been his descendants, and a man well esteemed. John Batchelder, fatiier of James, was born Oct. 6, 1757, married, Nov. 30, 1780, Molly Cotton, born April 16, 1762. Their children were Abigail D., Sarah B., Mary, Sally (who at the age of ninety years yet retains her faculties), Char- lotte, James, Patty, Jeremiah, Asenath, Thomas, and John. He was a substantial farmer, one of the lead- ing men of his town, was a Revolutionary soldier, and was'present at the execution of Maj. AndrS. He married a second wife, his first dying in middle life, by whom he had one child. He died Aug. 6, 1835, aged seventy-eight. James Batchelder received a common-school edu- cation, became a farmer, remaining with his father as long as he lived, taking charge of his business, and, with his brother Jeremiah, succeeding to the old home- stead. His has been a busy life, and one important branch of his business for a number of years has been the taking of summer boarders, who sought the pure and peaceful quietude of North Hampton so near the fine ocean beaches as a summer luxury. In political matters he was a Democrat of the old school, following the teachings of Jefferson, Jackson, etc. When the Republican party was formed, his views on liberty and union placed him in accord with its plat- form, and he has been an unqualified supporter of its men and measures. He has been placed in various official positions in town, has been selectman, and three times served as representative from his town in the State Legislature, serving while there on several important committees. He married (1) Sally, daughter of John Batchelder, May 23, 1815. They had two children, John and Sarah Jane. (2) Elizabeth, about 1822. She was sister of Mr. Batchelder's first wife. They had eight children, — Almira (who married Sheridan Jenness, of Rye), James (deceased), Am- brose, Emily (married J. S. Bancroft, of Massachu- setts), Mary A., Ann Maria (Mrs. George A. Hill), Warren C and Albert, all born where Mr. Batchel- der now resides. Mr. Batchelder is, after many years of active life, now living at the age almost of " fourscore and ten," with clear memory, sound judgment, and can look back along the many years of life and see its record unspotted, and himself honored and respected, and also can know with glad satisfaction that his children are among the leading citizens of their respective places of abode. CAPT. SIMON BROWN. Capt. Simon Brown, Jr., son of Capt. David and grandson of Jacob Brown, was born in North Hamp- ton, N. H., Feb. 5, 1809. His grandfather, Jacob Brown, was born in Hampton in 1740, married Han- nah Lamprey, daughter of Morris Lamprey, and to them were born the following children, viz. . Eliza- beth, Jacob, Abigail, David, Nancy, and Sally, all born in what was then called Hampton, now North Hampton, and all married and had families except the last two. Jacob was a farmer. He was a Demo- crat in politics, and held the various offices of his town. In religion he was a member of the Congre- .ccyT^n^ ^^yryyvM^ ^ yn^'y^^^'K/' c/J,-f^'^74/T\/ /- NORTH HAMPTON. 421 gational Church. He died in 1819, in the eightieth year of his age. His wife died in March, 1825, aged seventy-eight. Capt. David Brown, son of Jacob, was born in November, 1777 ; was twice married, first to :&uth, daughter of Reuben Lamprey, and had eleven chil- dren, viz.. Reuben (deceased), Reuben L., Simon, Nancy, David, Jacob L., Adna, Albert D., and Sarah, who died young, and two others, who died in infancy. Capt. Brown was a carpenter by trade, and during a portion of his life was a contractor and builder of large vessels, some of which would carry seventy-five tons burden. In 1819 he made two fishing voyages. He also owned a farm, on which his family was reared, and where he spent the larger portion of his time. Politically, he wa.s a Democrat. His fellow-towns- men often called upon him to fill the more important offices, which he did well. He was selectman a number of times, and representative to the General Assembly two years, besides having filled various minor positions. He was chosen captain in the State militia, and for many years held that position. He was a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church. He died Aug. 23, 1854, and his wife died April 23, 1852. His second wife was a ■ Harden, from Rye. She died about 1857 or 1858. Capt. Simon Brown received a common-school edu- cation. He remained at home, working on his father's farm, till Nov. 20, 1836, when he married Harriet A., daughter of Moses and Sarah Leavitt, of Hampton. She was born Oct. 24, 1815. Of this union the following children were born : (1) Edwin L., (2) Freeman A., who married Meribah A. Lane, widow of Jonathan Dow, of Hampton, and has two children. (3) Otis S., married Emma F., daughter of Joseph Johnson, and has one daughter. (4) Ella M. (Mrs. John P. Hoyt, of Hampton) ; and, fifth and sixth, two children who died in infancy. In politics, Capt. Brown is a Democrat of the old school, — a believer in the principles advocated by Jeflferson and Jackson. He has been selectman of his town, and member of the Legislature in 1860 and 1861. He has always been identified with the educational interests of his town, and often a mem- ber of the school committee. His life's work has been that of a farmer, though in his younger days he was more or less interested in the fishing business. His wife died in 1881. She was an amiable lady, very fond of the domestic circle, a kind mother and a devoted wife. Her memory is cherished by the family, and her example for good is indelibly stamped upon the characters of her children. Capt. Brown has filled the various positions in the regular order of the State militia from private to captain, and is known as Capt. Brown. He is not a member of any church, but an attendant and sup- porter of the Christian Church at North Hampton. JOHN F. FRENCH. John F. French, son of Rev. Jonathan and Re- becca French, was born in North Hampton, Feb. 10, 1818, and was the seventh of eleven children, all of whom lived to a. mature age. When two years old he fell into a ditch, and came very near drowning. His father's salary was but four hundred dollars a year, with a parsonage and twenty cords of wood an- nually, consequently with a large family and un- bounded hospitality they were obliged to economize closely in everything. The boys and girls, too, were early trained to habits of industry and frugality, but at the same time to generosity and benevolence. John neglected no opportunity, even when a very small boy, to earn little sums of money for benevo- lent and charitable purposes. As soon as he was old enough to work the soil his father allotted him a rod or two of land, which he planted with potatoes, the proceeds of which, by previous agreement, were to be given away to some benevolent object. Aside from this, as he grew older he earned small sums in vari- ous ways for his own use or investment, sometimes by selling candy on town-meeting days, sometimes by picking small stones, and also by dropping and picking potatoes at twelve and a half cents per day, or in one instance by the bushel, at one cent for every ten bushels picked. He picked for this price in one day eighty-five bushels, and received for it just eight and one-half cents. Half-cents were then coined and in common use, and John was paid to a fraction as stip- ulated, and only regretted that the men did not dig one hundred bushels, as he could easily have picked them and earned (to him) the large sum of ten cents. He with his older brother, James, worked out for a neighbor one very hot 4th of July, hoeing corn, while other boys (his mates) were celebrating. By mutual consent, at their parents' solicitation, they gave their days' earnings (two shillings each) towards a Protestant Church in a foreign country. John em- braced every opportunity to work out by the day when not needed at home. The money thus earned was always his own, and as often as it amounted to one or two dollars was de- posited by his father in the savings-bank at Ports- mouth. In this way, at about fifteen years of age, he had accumulated about twenty dollars. John's advantages for education were necessarily limited to common school and academy, and only qualified him for teaching a common district school. While attend- ing the academy he worked enough out of school hours to pay his board and tuition, and in one in- stance brought back quite a little sum, more than he expended. He taught school seven winters, six of them in his own town, at the same time taking charge of a, stock of cattle and doing other chores about home. During the summer season he worked wholly on the farm. In this way, during the five years before marriage, he had earned one thousand dollars. He was at this time paying attentions to 422 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the only daughter and only child of a highly re- spected farmer in town. Her father died suddenly at about fifty years of age, leaving a widow and this daughter upon the farm, rendering it expedient that Mr. French should go there and take charge of it. He was married Nov. 8, 1843, at the age of twenty- five, to Lemira Leavitt, daughter of Simon and Dolly Leavitt. Lemira was born March 31, 1828, and was twenty years old at marriage. They have four chil- dren, two sons and two daughters, all living. The eldest daughter, Nellie L., married Newell W. Healey, of Hampton Falls. John L. is unmarried, and resides in East Boston. Oliver S. married Clara B. Drake, of North Hampton. They have one child. Annie D. married John F. Hobbs, of North Hamp- ton, a sketch of whose life and sad and sudden death accompanies his portrait in this volume. Mr. French has lived in a large family always, yet no one ever died where he lived till he was past sixty years of age, and she, his wife's mother, at the advanced age of ninety-four years and three months, who at her death remembered distinctly seeing George Washing- ton as he passed through her native town (Hampton) when she was four years of age. Mr. French has been unusually felicitous in his family relations through life, and attributes whatever of success or happiness he has enjoyed in a large degree to his wife, who for nearly forty years has been the main- spring of his domestic bliss, the guardian angel of his life. In all the important interests and vicissi- tudes of life he has never failed to consult her wishes and seek her counsel, and has ever found her true and trustworthy as the needle to the pole, and he wishes above all else to record his high appreciation of her excellent qualities and rare virtues. Mr. French always venerated and honored his parents, and considered them models in their do- mestic, ministerial, and Christian qualities, and does not remember ever to have spoken disrespectfully to them, or neglected to do aught in his power to pro- mote their comfort or welfare. From his youth he was extremely fond of agricul- ture in all its branches. That his farming has been of the progressive type, his homestead and surround- ings will fully verify. He is a firm advocate and be- liever in tile drainage, and has laid over two miles on his own place. He approves the consumption of hay and other forage crops on one's own place, and thus he always manufactures his own fertilizers. He believes in good buildings, good stock, good implements of husbandry, and a variety of good crops, but has de- rived his income largely from milk, i'ruit, and vege- tables. He was one of the first to contract for the sale of milk by the can for the Boston market. He has sold milk for thirty years, and now makes it his leading business. During the past five years, in con- nection with his two sons, who now reside in Boston, he has run a milk-car between North Hampton and East Boston daily. Thebusiness has developed rapidly under his supervision. He employs eight teams in North Hampton and vicinity for the collection of milk, and two in Boston for its delivery. One of his sons takes charge of the milk-car at East Boston, and the other runs a creamery, where surplus milk is manufactured into butter or cheese by the use of steam-power, with which is also connected a whole- sale milk route. Mr. French has been industrious, temperate, and frugal in his habits, making it a rule to earn money before spending it, and always pays all bills promptly. He is a great lover of home and home comforts, and believes in making it the dearest and most attractive spot on earth. He always advocated and entered with zeal into all public improvements. He believes in good churches and an able ministry, in good school- houses and good schools and good roads, and is always ready by word and work to help forward every enter- prise that promotes the material, social, intellectual, and moral interests of his native town. He has frequently spoken and written on agricultural and other subjects; has never identified himself so closely with political parties as to desire or seek ofiice; has been selectman two years, and was appointed a. mem- ber of the State Board of Agriculture for Eocking- harti County, but declined serving on account of pressing home duties. In politics he was formerly a Whig, and belonged to the school of which Webster and Clay were leaders, and he clings to men of their stamp and their princi- ples still. He hates sectionalism in whatever form it appears. He is not a believer in universal sufirage. He considers the fear of voting (or intimidating) on the one hand and the purchase of votes on the other the most dangerous elements in our government at present, and says emphatically that a person who sells his own vote or purchases another is not fit to exer- cise the rights of suffrage in a free government like this, and ought if proved guilty to be disfranchised for life. Mr. French believes in universal education for all classes and colors, and his sympathies are always with the toiling millions rather than with the pampered few. He votes independently in local affairs, and usually witb the Democrats on national questions. Mr. French has been a member of the Congrega- tional Church for nearh' fifty years, and treasurer of the Congregational Society nearly twenty. He likes its democratic form of church government, but takes exception to some of its tenets. As in politics he cares little for names, so in religion he believes in character rather than in creeds, and places no confi- dence in professions unless backed up by strict up- rightness in character and life. He calls the Bible his creed, and Christ's example his pattern, and would fellowship with all those who sought to obey the one and imitate the other, judging them by their fruits as he expects to be judged himself. He is now in the decline of life, but retains much of vigor and la^i'-ijffB Ki/JiS- 'dxJl-CAo ,(9 /^L^X-dh^-iy NORTH HAMPTON. 423 energy still, and was never disabled by sickness. He combines strength of purpose with a resolute will, and believes strict honesty the best one quality any man possesses. JEREMIAH H. ROBY. Jeremiah H. Eoby, son of Thomas Roby and Bet- sey Elkins, was born in the town "of North Hampton, N. H., on the old Roby homestead, which has been in the family for five generations, July 15, 182S. He is a lineal descendant of Thomas Roby, who settled in North Hampton at an early day, and became one of the substantial citizens of the town. One of his descendants was John Roby, grandfather of the sub- ject of this sketch. He married Mary Garland, and had a family of five children, viz. : Thomas, Bashaba, , Betsey, Mary, and Simon, all of whom were born in North Hampton. John was a farmer by occupation, and a man esteemed for his many virtues. He was a member of the Congregational Church. He died in 1842, at the advanced age of eighty-four years. His wife died previous to 1S42. Thomas Roby, son of John and Mary (Garland) Roby, was born Sept. 6, 1783, and died at his native place in North Hampton, N. H., April 4, 1872. He married Betsey, daughter of Jeremiah Elkins, of Hamilton, Dec. 11, 1826. Of this union three chil- dren were born, viz. : John H., who died in infancy ; Jeremiah H., and Mary E. A. (Mrs. Washington Parker). She was born Jan. 5, 1830, and died Dec. 16, 1865. Thomas Roby was one of North Hamp- ton's good farmers. He served in the war of 1812. In politics he was a Democrat. His son, Jeremiah H., received such an education as the common schools afforded, supplemented with a few terms at Hampton Academy. He has followed in the footsteps of his fathers, and has been a farmer. He also deals more or less in grain. He is a Republican in politics. He married Hannah P., daughter of Ephraim and Betsey Seavey, May 20, 1852. She was born June 24, 1831. Her father descended from the old Seavey family, one of the earliest and most substantial families in Rye, N. H. CHARLES C. BARTON. Charles C. Barton is a lineal descendant from Eben" ezer Barton and Margaret Hunt, who emigrated from England and settled at Pittsfield, N. H., at a very early day. He is the son of William and Mary A. C. (Frost) Barton, and was born in the town of Strathara, Rockingham Co., N. H., Jan. 9, 1821. His parents were very poor, and he was the second child in a family of three children, viz., William (de- ceased), Charles C, and Mary A. C. His mother died when he was but three years of age, and the family had no place they could call their own. The father, discouraged and homeless, soon fell a victim to the strong hand of disease, leaving his little ones to the tender mercies of a cold and not always friendly world when Charles C. was only six years of age. About this time he was taken sick, and it was at one time thought that he too would die ; but, recovering, he was put out to work on the farm, work- ing at different places during the summer, and attend- ing the district school a few weeks during the winters, unless the man where he happened to be had some work to do, which was more than likely to be the case. At the age of fourteen he commenced working for one Joseph S. Marston, of North Hampton, and con- tinued to live with him until he was twenty-one years of age, receiving one hundred dollars. He continued to work for Mr. Marston four or five years, receiv- ing seven dollars per month for seven months during the summer, and his board for the remainder of the year.' Out of this small sum he clothed him- self and saved a pittance. He then worked for Squire Batchelder eighteen months at nine and a half dollars per month, and then went to Lowell, Mass., and began working for a boot and shoe corporation, where he remained some nine years, receiving ninety-six cents a day when he commenced, and one dollar and twelve cents towards the close of his term of service. Out of this amount he had to board himself. During this time, June 9, 1850, he married Dorcas, daughter of James Libbey, of Ossipee, N. H., and to them were born three sons, Charles L., James W., and George E., the first two in Lowell, Mass., and the last in North Hampton, N. H., where they now reside. In 1855 or 1856, Mr. and Mrs. Barton settled on the farm where he now (1882) resides. At first he had but forty acres, on which he owed several hundred ' dollars, but by energy and economy they were soon out of debt, and then he wanted more land, which he bought adjoining his. Mr. Barton has now some three hundred acres of well-improved land, on which are some of the best farm buildings in the town. Mr. Barton is a man of good executive ability, of indomitable energy, and of quick perception. He has always been very prudent, yet charitable to the church and hospitable to the poor. Mr. and Mrs. Barton are members of the Congre- gational Church at North Hampton, N. H. Politically he has always been a Democrat, and as such was selectman from 1876 to 1879. What he lacked in learning he made up in good common sense, and discharged the duties of his office with credit to himself and satisfaction to his constituents. He has also held other minor offices, both in his district and his town. His only sister, the widow of Daniel East- man, resides in Lowell, Mass., and carries on a thriving business. She has a daughter, Betsey Ann. 424 HISTOKY OP KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. PBPPERELL FROST. Pepperell Frost, son of William Frost and Sally Johnson, was born in Parsonfleld, Me., Dec. 8, 1815. His grandfather, Simon Frost, was a native of Maine, married Eunice , and had one son, William, and several daughters. Simon was a farmer in Maine; he died in the prime of life, but his widow survived him till 1837, when she died at about eighty years of age. William Frost, only son of Simon and Eunice Frost, was born in Kittery, Me., May 3, 1788, and settled at Parsonfleld, Me., with his parents when nine years of age. He was twice married, — first to Sally, daughter of David Johnson, and had eight children, viz. : David, Lydia, Pepperell, Jonathan J., Simon, Sarah J. (deceased), Mary A., and Anna (de- ceased). Mrs. Frost was born Dec. 6, 1791, and died July 22, 1830. Mr. Frost married for his second wife a Mrs. Oliver Murfey, by whom he had three children, viz. : Betsey F., Olive T., and Ann M. Mr. Frost was a farmer at Parsonfleld, Me. He was a Democrat in politics. He died March 11, 1875, aged eighty-six years and ten months. Pepperell Frost worked on his father's farm summers and at- tended the district school winters till he was twenty years of age. In 1835 he left the old home and went out to seek his own fortune. He spent the following three years in the woods on the Penobscot Eiver in Maine, and many and exciting are the scenes through which he passed. In 1838 he went to Massachusetts and worked on a farm till March 29, 1843, when he came to North Hampton, N. H., and settled on the farm where he has since resided. He has been twice married, — first to Lydia, daugh- ter of Levi and Lydia (Levering) Brown (see Mr. Brown's biography), July 4, 1843. She was born March 14, 1811, and died Nov. 28, 1878. Their chil- dren are Thomas B., died at twenty-two ; Lydia A. (Mrs. William J. Breed, of Lynn, Mass.); Levi W., died at eight; and George E., born Oct. 31, 1856. Mrs. Frost was a member of the Baptist Church. She was a fine Christian lady of nohle parentage. She was universally esteemed for her many virtues. She died suddenly, but left the fragrance of a good name as a precious legacy to her children. Mr. Frost married for his second wife Hannah L., widow of P. White, and daughter of James Libbey, July 3, 1880. Mrs. Frost had by her first husband two children, one of whom, George G. White, is living in the town of Rye, N. H. Mr. Frost's life-work has been that of an unosten- tatious farmer in North Hampton, N. H. He com- menced life a poor boy, and by his own hands has dug from "mother earth" his daily bread. He has been prudent with his earnings, and now (1882) has a competency. Politically, he follows in the footsteps of his father and is a Democrat. He has never sought political honors, although he has held some town offices. His only surviving son, George E., mar- ried Maria G., daughter of Ephraim Hall, Nov. 13, 1878, by whom he had a son, deceased, named Levi W., after his two great-grandfathers. Mrs. George E. Frost was born in Lawrence, Mass. Her ancestors were originally from Chester, N. H. LEVI BROWN. Levi Brown, son of David Brown, was born in the town of Hampton, N. H., Sept. 26, 1777, and died at his home in North Hampton, N. H., July 28, 1861, aged eighty-four years. His father was a practical farmer and miller by occupation in Hampton, reared a large and intelli- gent family of children to industry and economy. His children were as follows : Levi, Samuel, Simon, John, and Mary, who married Jacob Dearborn, all of whom were born in Hampton, married, and had children. Levi Brown, being the eldest of the family, was early put at the blacksmith trade, and soon became a good workman. Later in life he united farming with his trade. He early settled in North Hampton, where he carried on his business until his death. He married Lydia, daughter of Thomas Levering, Nov. 15, 1803. Their children were Hannah L. (Mrs. John P. Grouard), born Jan. 13, 1807, and died April 10, 1871 ; Lydia, born March 14, 1811, married Pep- perell Frost, of North Hampton ; '■ Thomas L., who died March 21, 1829, aged twenty-four years. Mrs. Levi Brown died Feb. 7, 1852, aged seventy. Politically Mr. Brown was a Democrat of the old school, and held some town offices. He was very firm in his opinions, always intended to weigh matters well before he came to a conclusion, but when he had once made up his mind it was difficult to per- suade him differently. He was a man of great energy and very fond of athletic sports ; a man of large, powerful frame, hence a hard man to handle. The above biography and its accompanying portrait is inserted by his only surviving grandson, George E. Frost; an enterprising young farmer of North Hamp- ton, in memory of his venerable grandfather. THE MARSTON FAMILY. The first of the name of which we have any knowl- edge was Thomas Marston, born in 1728, and died April 4, 1807, aged seventy-eight years, seven months, and twenty-nine days. He married Elizabeth Page, who died Sept. 21, 1796, aged sixty-one years, one month, and one day. Their children were Jeremiah, Thomas, Abraham, Deborah (who lived to be ninety- eight years of age), and Elizabeth, who died at twenty- three. Thomas Marston, son of Thomas and Elizabeth 1 See Mr. Frost's biography. '^Am^ LEVI BEOWN. NORTHWOOD. 425 Marston, was born Nov. 10, 1756, married Hannah, daughter of David Knowles, Dec. 9, 1783. She died Feb. 28, 1820, aged fifty-nine years, six months, and twenty-five days. Their children were as follows, viz., Elizabeth, who married Levi Jewell for his sec- ond wife; Hannah, who married Levi Jewell for his first wife, and had the following children : Emiline,* John L.," Mary E.,° Hannah IVI.,'^ Sarah F.,« De Witt C.,'and Orinda A.,e all born in Stratham, N. H. ; Mary, who died June 20, 1871, aged 81 ; Thomas, who mar- ried Mary Leavitt, and has one living daughter, Sophia; he died Dec. 16, 1870, aged seventy-seven years ; David K., married Mary Tasker and had six children, viz., Mary E." (deceased), David T." (de- ceased), Almira," Charles," Lucy A." (deceased), Cyrus L.' (deceased) ; Deborah and Sally, twins; Deborah married Edward Lang ; she died April 10, 1871, aged seventy-one ; the other twin, Sally, is still living, and was born Dec. 15, 1799 ; Fanny, born Nov. 10, 1802, has spent more than thirty years of her life with the family of Amos Lawrence, of Boston ; Almira, died Sept. 13, 1870, aged sixty -six ; Benjamin, born March 15, 1807. All of this large family were born in North Hampton. Thomas and Abraham Marston were sol- diers in tlie Revolutionary war. Abraham settled in Effingham, where he died. Thomas was a selectman in North Hampton nine years ; he and his wife were members of the Congregational Church, of North Hampton, N. H. Benjamin Marston was a farmer in North Hampton, and a Democrat in politics. He held various offices in the town, such as selectman, etc. He married Sarah D. Nutter, and had two children, of whom Thomas E. is the only surviving one. Mr. Marston was a member of the Baptist Church, and a plain, unostentatious man. He died Aug. 5, 1862, aged fifty-five years, four months, and twenty-one days. His son, Thomas E., married Margaret Dow, and has one son, Edward Everett. DRAKE SENEALOftY. Robert^, born in Devon County, England, in the year 1580; settled in Exeter about the year 1643; re- moved to Hampton in 1651. His house stood on the spot now occupied by the old Baptist meeting-house. Children: Nathaniel, Susannah, and Abraham' (set- tled at Drakeside about the year 1651). Abraham^ by his wife Jane had children as follows: Susannah, Abraham' (born Dec. 29, 1654; married Sarah ; died in 1714), Sarah (born Aug. 20, 1656), Mary (born March 25, 1658), Elizabeth (born July 11, 1660), Hannah (born Oct. 14, 1662), and Robert (born Sept. 27, 1664). Abraham' by his wife Sarah had children as fol- lows : Sarah (born Nov. 7,1686), Abraham' (born March, 1689; married Theodate Roby ; died, aged seventy-eight), Jane (born 1691; married John Shur- borne), Mary (born 1692; married Shubar Sanborn), and Nathaniel (born 1695; married Jane Lunt; died 1763). Abraham' by his wife Theodate had children as follows : Elizabeth (born Feb. 28, 1712 ; married Jere- miah Page), Theodate (born Nov. 7, 1713 ; married Josiah Sanborn), Abraham (born Dec. 4, 1715; mar- ried Abigail Weare), Samuel^ (born Dec. 15, 1717 married Esther Hobbs, April 14, 1743; died 1786) Sarah (born April, 1720; married Samuel Batchelder) Mary (born Sept. 23, 1722; married Elisha Marston) Abigail (born Nov. 28, 1724; married John Taylor) John (born Jan. 2, 1728; died Jan. 29, 1731), Simon (born Oct. 4, 1730; married Judith Perkins), and Thomas (born July 8, 1733 ; married Patience Towle). Samuel* by his wife Esther had children as follows: Theodate (born Jan. 8, 1744; married Samuel Page), Elizabeth (born Nov. 26, 1745; married John Fogg), Mary (born Nov. 26, 1747; married Stephen Coffin), Esther (born Nov. 29, 1749 ; died in infancy), Samuel' (born Aug. 3, 1751 ; married Mary Jenness ; died Sept. 10, 1812), John (born Oct. 4, 1753; married Huldah Lane; died 1842), Esther (born Jan. 20, 1756; married Benjamin Dearborn; died 1831), Sarah (born July 25, 1759; married James Hobbs; died 1842), and Abigail (born Aug. 3, 1761; married John Jenness). Samuel^ by his wife Mary had the following chil- dren : Abraham (born March 29, 1783 ; died June 25, 1861), Abigail (born Sept. 24, 1784; married Moses Batchelder; died Jan. 17, 1872), Theodate (born Oct. 31, 1786 ; married Joseph Jenness ; died March 27, 1836), Mary (born Sept. 20, 1788 ; died Feb. 10, 1859), Samuel (born Sept. 24, 1790 ; married Elizabeth Berry; died Jan. 16, 1864), Ebenezer T. (born Sept. 2, 1792; married Abigail Berry; died Aug. 25, 1889), Elizabeth (born Jan. 12, 1795; married Thomas Brown; died May 9, 1868), and Sarah (born Jan. 31, 1798 ; died April 11, 1882). CHAPTER LXL NORTHWOOD.i Geographical — Topographical — Early Settlements — Names of Pioneers — Incorporation — Firat Town-Meeting — Officers Elected — The Revolu- tion — The Association Test — Ecclesiastical — Calvin Baptist Church — Congregational Church — Free- Will Baptist Church — Coe's Northwood Academy — Villages and Hamlets — Physicians — Early Families. The town of Northwood lies in the extreme north- ern part of the county, and is bounded as follows: on the north and east by Straffi)rd County, on the south by Deerfield, and on the west by Merrimac County. " Early Settlements. — The century preceding that in which the history of this town is involved was one of comparatively small beginnings throughout New England. In the territory now known as New Hamp- shire small settlements, independent of each other, 1 C'Ondensed, by permission, from Rev. E. C. Cogswell's excellent" His- tory of Nottingham, Beerfield, and Northwood." 426 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. had been made at Dover, Portsmouth, Exeter, Hamp- ton, and elsewhere. As they suffered from the mis- rule of men claiming proprietorship of territory, and from the unfriendliness of some of the Indian tribes, they sought protection from the State of Massachu- setts. This State had claimed that the territories of New Hampshire and Maine were included within the limits of their original charter, and willingly took these settlements under their care, which proved not a little beneficial. Immigrants from England came in greater numbers, not only increasing settlements already existing, but pushing farther from the sea- coast into the interior, making settlements at Epping, Lee, and Nottingham. Nottingham was incorporated as early as 1722, including what may now be known as Deerfield and Northwood, in addition to its present limits. Deerfield was incorporated as a town in 1766. But the eyes of the energetic and restless settlers of the lower towns did not fail to observe the high slope of land lying on a line between Portsmouth and Con- cord. Hunters found this region abounding in game, and gave on their return to settlements nearer the coast glowing descriptions of the excellence of the soil and the richness of the forests. A few had from time to time constructed temporary huts and pur- posed permanent settlements; but they were not the men to fell the trees and rear a population so remote from any considerable settlement as was this tract of country long known as North Woods. " In 1762 there arrived in the east part of the town, and halted there for the night, four wearied, weather- beaten, determined men. The day was one of those warm, sunny days in spring, when the south winds blow, and the heart leaps with joy at the sight of fresh soil and green leaves, and at the sound of the blue jay and the cunning raven, as well as at the plaintive strains of the thrush. These men each bore upon their shoulders an axe and a gun, with provisions to last them a few days. No wife, no child accom- panied them. They build their booth of pine boughs, kindle their fire, and, partaking of their rude fare, lay them down for rest. Wearied as they were, they could not sleep without interruption from the bowlings of the wolves in their vicinity. On the morrow they survey the tract of land around their camp-fire, and find it to be a beautiful swell, sloping towards the rising sun, i n the neighborhood of meadows abounding in forage and adequate water-power for mills. Three of these men — Moses Godfrey, John and Increase Batchelder — resolved here to make for themselves permanent homes, while the fourth — Solomon Bick- ford — resolved to look further. Accompanied by God- frey, be spotted his way over the height, where the eye may detect the blue waters of the Atlantic, and reached the northwestern part of the town, now known as ' The Narrows.' And here, too, were meadows abounding in forage and water-power ; and in sight of these, and near the gem of lakes, the Suncook, he erected his pillar and resolyed to build and abide. " One of the great obstacles to the taking of new lands remote from other settlements is the want of forage for cattle, so essential to success. It requires several years to clear the land and bring it into grass sufiicient to sustain any number of cattle both summer and winter. Hence these sensible men resolved to obviate this by making their settlements near where a supply was already provided in meadows, of which they took possession, with none to dispute their right. And, more than this, they were both farmers and mill- wrights, and they knew if they would gather around them other families they must be able to furnish build- ing materials, and so they sought the water-fall, and planned at once the rude mill that should meet this urgent want. " Godfrey and the Batchelders naturally affiliated, being from the same neighborhood and of the same religious tendencies, and expected many others of like sympathies to follow them; while Bickford saw that it would be better for him to seize a point around which he could gather his friends and those in sym- pathy with him ; while both parties ever afterwards sustained the friendliest relations. " Bickford aud Godfrey returned to the camp, around which the Batchelders had efiected a clear- ing, and all aided in erecting a log house for Godfrey, in a field now owned by Nicholas D. Hill, west of the turnpike, for Godfrey was a married man, while the Batchelders were not. Having made rude beginnings, these four friends returned, Bickford to Lee, Godfrey and the Batchelders to Hampton, now North Hamp- ton, and on the 25th day of the following March (1763), Godfrey, with his family, and John and In- crease Batchelder returned to occupy the land they had chosen, the Batchelders boarding with Godfrey until they might build near him, where now stands the house of Francis J. Hanson. Theirs was the first frame house built in Northwood. "In December following, Bickford, with his family and his brother John, returned to possess the land at the Narrows, building where stood the dwelling-house of the late Deacon Asa Bickford, where was born to him a son, named Solomon, June 25, 1764, the first child born within the present limits of Northwood. "The next man that came was Samuel Johnson, from Hampton. He spent the first night following the day of his arrival between two rocks that had been rent one from the other, spreading over them a covering of boughs. This was near where now stands the house of Charles 0. Brown, and close by the base of these rocks lie the ashes of the good man and of many of his descendants. Johnson's arrival was in November. 1765, when there were only twelve per- sons within the present limits of the town, — five men, Godfrey, John, and Increase Batchelder, Solomon and John Bickford, and two women, the wives of Godfrey and Solomon Bickford, and five children. " These Batchelders were the descendants of the Rev. Stephen Batchelder, who arrived at Boston, June 5. NORTHWOOD. 427 1632, having sailed with his family in the ship 'Wil- liam and Francis.' He immediately went to Lvnn, whereon the following Sabbath, June 8th, he preached his first sermon in America. From Lynn, February, 1636, he removed tn Ipswich, and soon after to Yar- mouth, and in 1638 to Newbury, On the 6th of Sep- tember, it would appear, the General Court gave him permission to settle a town at Hampton. Hither, with his family and some personal friends, he came, and was installed the first minister of Hampton. In the year 1654 he returned to England, and died at Hack- ney, near London, in 1660, in his one hundredth year. He left in this country two sons, Henry, who is be- lieved to have settled in Reading, Mass., andNathaniel, who remained in Hampton, from whom descended the Batchelders who earliest came to Northwood; for he had a son named Samuel, and his sons settled here . " It appears that these noble pioneers were soon followed by Daniel Hoyt, Jonathan, Thomas, and Ebenezer Knowlton, brothers, from Kensington ; Jonathan and Taylor Clark, brothers, from Strat- ham ; Jonathan Jenness, from Rye ; John, Simeon, and Benjamin Johnson, brothers; Joshua Furber, Abraham and Samuel Batchelder, and others, so that the high places of the town were taken possession of, mills had been erected, and paths with bridges had been constructed leading to the various settlements along the central line through the town from south to north in the direction of Concord, as well as over the swells of land on either side, as early as 1772, and as this portion of Nottingham was so far from what was then the centre of business, the inhabitants began to agitate the propriety of being erected into a separate township. Accordingly, at the session of the General Court in 1773, a petition was presented by the inhab- itants for an act of incorporation, and this was granted, Feb. 6, 1773, while John Wentworth was Governor ot the province, and George III. was king of England. We do not know the exact number of the inhabitants of Northwood when erected into a separate parish or town, but two years later — that is, in 1775 — the town numbered three hundred and thirteen. "Benjamin Johnson was authori/ed to call the first meeting of the town for the choice of officers and the transaction of other business. Accordingly a meet- ing was notified 'at the house of mister Volintine kinson,' March 23, 1773, at which Benjamin Johnson was chosen moderator ; Increase Batchelder, clerk ; and Benjamin Hill, Joseph Demerit, and Samuel Johnson, selectmen ; Moses Godfrey was chosen con- stable ; and the selectmen were instructed to settle with Nottingham matters growing out of the act of incorporation, while Asel Blake and William Blake were tithingmen ; William Wallace and John Harvey, fence-viewers; Jonathan Knowlton, Asel Blake, Solo- mon Bickford, and Daniel Hoitt were surveyors of highways; Zeblon Norris and John Harvey were chosen hog-reeves; Solomon Bickford, leather-sealer. " At this same meeting it was voted to raise six pounds lawful money to hire preaching, and seven pounds four shillings for schooling. Accordingly, we find that there was paid that year five pounds and one shilling and ten pence to Mr. Timothy Brown for preaching, and to Mary Walton, for school-keeping, two pounds ten shillings, while there were ' paid to Volintine kenston five shillings for geting a Pare of Shoes for Scole Dame.' And the same year it is re- corded that the selectmen ' paid to the Scoll Dame twelve shillings ;' while the following year there were paid three shillings to Joshua Furber 'for caring. the scool Dame home,' and Betsey Sanborn and others are paid various sums ' for scooling,' and Nicholas Dudley is paid for preaching. The money raised for schooling was expended in five different places, since we find it divided into 'Moreel's proportion,' 'John- son's proportion,' ' Senter proportion,' ' Batchelder's proportion,' and ' Knolton's proportion.' "The Revolution.— March 21, 1775, Benjamin Hill was appointed a delegate to the congress holden at Exeter, and the question was earnestly discussed respecting their duty in the threatening aspect of affairs. The meeting was adjourned to April 22d, when it was voted ' to be equipt at a moment's warn- ing.' A short time prior to this a convention of deputies had met at Exeter to consult on the state of affairs and appoint delegates for the next General Congress, to be holden on the 10th of May at Phila- delphia. Maj. Sullivan and Capt. Langdon, already great favorites of the people, were chosen, and the convention issued an address to the people, warning them of their danger, exhorting them 'to union, peace, and harmony, frugality, industry, manufac- tures, and learning the military art, that they might be able, if necessary, to defend the country against invasion.' Just at this time Gen. Gage had destroyed the magazine at Concord, Mass., and sought to seize some of the prominent opposers of the objectionable acts of Parliament. Alarmed by this act of hostility, the people of New Hampshire and of the other colo- nies prepared themselves for war. Hence the action of Northwood, April 22d. At this same meeting it was also further ' voted to list eight minit-men ; . . . that these men shall have one shillin and sixpense a week for exercising ;' that these men ' shall have five dollars a month, and the town find them there Vit- ling.' And to show the spirit of the men of that day it is recorded that ' Volintears listed for this present distress,' and these were 'Samuel Johnson, William Woolis, Eliphalet Taylor, William Blake, Nathaniel Twombly, Benjamin Johnson, Jr., Simon Batchelder, and Abraham Batchelder.' And only seven days later, ' at a meeting notified by perticerly men for to chuse deputeys' to attend a convention called by Gov- ernor Wentworth, Benjamin Johnson and Sherburn Blake were chosen deputies, and Moses Godfrey was chosen ' as a committy-man for to see if there is any powder for this parish,' and 'Increase Batchelder is chosen to take care of this powder.' " 428 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Association Test— The following signed the "As- sociation Test" : " We the subscribers, do hereby solemnly engage, and promise, that we will, to the utmost of our Power, at the risque of our lives and for- tunes, with arms, oppose the hostile proceedings of the British Fleets, and Armies, against the United American Colonies. Joseph Demerit (Capt. of the parish), Eliphalet Taylor, Joshua Furbur, Daniel Hoit, John Durgiu, Willinm Wallais, Increase Batchelder, Israel Hodgdon, Moses Godfree, AbrahamBatchelder, William Blake, James Batchelder, Thomas Trowlaod, Richard Garland, Benj. Johnson, Nathaniel Twombly, Elijah Carswell, Kichard Carswell, Stephen Eawlians, Jonathan Knol- ton, Jonathan Clark, Bi-njamin Wadleigh, Shurborn Dearborn, Zebnlon Norris, Nathaneil Chandler, Jonathan Sanborn, Elias Philbrick, John Wadleigh, Thomas Piper, Francis Jennes, John Sherburn, Samuel Sher- burn, Reubon Morgin, Sherburn Blake, Jonathan Blake, Levi Dearborn, Asabel BUike, Henry Sanborn, Henary Dearborn, Phinehas Blake, Nic- olas Blake, Simon Wadleigh, Robert Hill, David knowles, Benj. Hill, Valentine kinson, William Prescott, Moses Johnson, Sanji^ Johnson, Solomon Bickford, Caleb Clough, Norris Laiigley, Nathaniel Morril.junr, Nath" Morrill, John Bickford, Samuel Bartlett, Stephen Hoit, Benjamin Johnson, jun'., Timothy Caswell, John Batchelder, Joseph Durgin, Thomas Knolton. Daniel Sawyer Refuses to Sine this, making pleas that he is of a quaker Princabel." For list of Revolutionary soldiers, see chapter Ixii. Ecclesiastical. — Religious worship was first main- tained in the east part of the town. There the first settlements were made. And these first settlers, if not decided Baptists, yet inclined not to sympathize with orthodox Congregationalism. From 1750 to 1790 there existed great uneasiness in the religious mind. Not a few were restive under what seemed staid Orthodoxy. The people generally reveled in unrestrained liberty, and this passion for liberty ran into extravagance. There was a wild prejudice against what had the least claim to antiquity, whether in doc- trines or in customs. Hence new lights sprung up, wild and fanatical notions were entertained, and cus- toms or modes of expression and worship came into vogue that strangely jarred and contrasted with the decorous and measured notions and customs of what was reproachfully the standing order. The great an- cestor of the Batchelders was an eccentric man, though evidently of much ability. His descend- ants that came to this town, and those that afiiliated with them, were good men, but their religious bias was against Congregationalism. The first pastor was Rev. Edmund Pillsbury, who was ordained Nov. 17, 1779, and continued about twenty years. His successors have been as follows: Rev. Eliphalet Merrill, Elias Gregory, George W. Ashby, B. Knight, S. G. Gilbert, W. H. Jones, S. H. Smith, P. Favor, G. B. Chase, D. Taylor. It appears that a church structure was erected for worship in 1772, some nine years after the first set- tlement was made, and was rebuilt in 1816, and dedicated Aug. 4, 1817. Intervals of some years intervened between several of these pastorates. The congregation has been increased within a few years, and the church strengthened by an increase of busi- ness in the eastern part of the town. A tower has been erected upon the meeting-house, furnished with a bell and clock. Congregational Church. — This church was organ- ized Nov. 29, 1788, with the following members : Sol- omon Bickford, Jonathan Blake, Simon Batchelder, John Sherburne, and Elizabeth, his wife, Susan Clarke, Deborah Bickford, and Sarah Harvey. The first pastor was Rev. Ebenezer Allen, who re- mained but a short time. Abisha Clark then sup- plied the pulpit for a limited period, and in 1799 Rev. Josiah Prentice was ordained pastor. He was dismissed May 10, 1842, honored and beloved by all. He died Oct. 28, 1855. The next regular pastor was Rev. E. C. Cogswell, who was ordained in November, 1842. Mr. Cogswell was dismissed in 1848, and was succeeded by Rev. Otis Holmes, who was installed Jan. 1, 1850, and dismissed in 1857. He was followed by Rev. Henry C. Fay in 1858. He was dismissed in 1864. Mr. Cogswell is also the author of the " His- tory of Nottingham, Deerfield, and Northwood," an excellent work, and an invaluable addition to the historic literature of New England. Mr. Cogswell, who was dismissed from this church July 18, 1848, where he commenced his work the first Sabbath in July, 1842, immediately entered upon pastoral duties with the Congregational Church in Newmarket, where he remained until the summer of 1855, when he removed to New Boston, to which place he had been invited the previous year, and was there installed pastor of the First Presbyterian Church. Having suffered much from over-taxed eyes, and with exhausted strength, he was dismissed in the autumn of 1865, and, by invitation, returned to Northwood immediately, to do what he might be able for the des- titute church and people for one year, but whom he continued to supply as pastor until May, 1876, and during the last nine of those years was principal of Coe's Northwood Academy, in which many successful teachers have been trained, and nuinbers fitted for college. The first effort to erect a church edifice was in 1780, and it was probably completed soon after. In 1827 it was repaired and occupied until 1840, when a second house of worship was erected. The Free-WiU Baptist Church was organized June 4, 1833, in the Mountain school-house, through the influence of Rev. Daniel P. Cilley, consisting of thirteen members, five males and eight females. Some five years after the organization of the church, their meeting-house was erected on Clark's Hill, and provided with a bell. Pastors : S. P. Fernald, John Kimball, W. D. Johnson, Mark Atwood, W. D. Johnson, F. Moulton, S. P. Fernald, Horace Webber, R. D. Richardson, B. S. Mauson, Edwin Manson, E. H. Prescott, James Rand, L. P. Bickford, G. W. Gould, H. P. Lamprey, and C. L. Pinkham. Coe's Northwood Academy. — This academy was incorporated in February, 1866, and chartered by a special act of the State Legislature, June, 1867, as " Northwood Academy," but in June, 1875, the char- ter was so amended as that the institution should hereafter be known by the name of " Coe's North- NORTHWOOD. 429 wood Academy," in honor of Ebenezer Ooe, Esq., for many years a highly respected merchant and Chris- tian gentleman, whose heart and hand were ready to aid every good cause, and whose son, E. S. Ooe, Esq., of Bangor, Me.; has shown a lively interest in the town of his nativity, and in various ways has materi- ally aided the academy. At present it has only a small permanent fund, derived from the estate of the late Mrs. Abigail W. Gate, who foresaw the advan- tages of the institution to the community, and made North wood Academy the residuary legatee of her small property. The academy building is a modest structure, fifty feet long by thirty-three wide, having a main hall and two anterooms. The academy has been under the care of the Eev. E. C. Cogswell as principal, a graduate of Dartmouth College, from 1866 to the present time, a period of twelve years, with an average attendance per term of sixty-three pupils. East Northwood.— Here the first settlement was made, the first school-house erected, the first church built, the first blacksmith shop opened, and the first store presented the attractive merchandise, — tobacco, salt fish. New England rum, and molasses, being in excess. Here is located the Pillsbury Brothers' shoe man- ufactory, one of the most complete in the State. The Northwood Savings-Bank was organized with John J. Pillsbury as treasurer, E. G. Boody, John Bennett, C. F. Gate, H. J. Clark, N. B. Dow, C. A. Hill, Richard Hoyt, Charles Hill, J. K. Hoyt, L. E. Kimball, S. F. Leavitt, A. J. Pillsbury, G. T. Sherburn, and Luther Tasker as directors. Its busi- ness is transacted at the office of Pillsbury Brothers, and its deposits have already exceeded the expecta- tions of its most sanguine advocates. Clark's Hill. — This locality was early chosen for a settlement, though no settlement was made until after families had improved their lands in the eastern and central portions, as well as at the Narrows. This neighborhood was attractive because it overlooked the whole tract of land lying between it and the ocean, while from it an extended northerly view might be had. The Centre. — This part of the town was early set- tled. Here was built the Congregational meeting- house. Here Norton long did a thriving business in blacksmithing, and here the Hon. John Harvey ac- quired a large property in trade and in keeping a tavern. Here Deacon J. Piper also traded, and kept for many years a public-house which became exten- sively known, and was the favorite resort of travelers, who formerly were numerous on this highway be- tween Concord and the lower towns. Here a post- office was early established. The Narrows.— Here was the second settlement made in the town, and immediately after that in the east part. Solomon Bickford was the hero of this region. He loved adventure, had a passion for hunt- ing the fox and bear, was strong and tall, a sort of giant, yet mild and gentle, full of mirth, and running over with wonderful stories of things and events, de- lighting in making others amazed at what he told them. There are other points known locally as Blake's, Bennett's, and Richardson's Hills, and " The Moun- tain." Physicians. — John Starr, Benjamin Kelly, William Smith, Moses Hill, C. B. Webster, Thomas Tuttle, Caleb W. Hansom, and J. W. Pray. He studied medicine at Brunswick, Hanover, and New York, and graduated in 1858. Dr. Pray was educated at Bowdoiu. He is a son of Dr. T. J. W. Pray, the vet- eran practitioner of Dover, N. H. Early Families. — Among the early families are mentioned those of Bartlett, Batchelder, Bennett, Bickford, Blake, Brown, Buzall, Clark, Coe, Cogswell, Crockett, Demeritt, Dow, Durgin, Furbur, Hanson, Harvey, Hill, Hoitt, James, Jenness, Johnson, Kel- ley, Kimball, Knowlton, Knowles, Lancaster, Mead, Morrison, Nealley, Norton, Pillsbury, Prentice, Pres- cott, Sherburne, Smith, Tasker, Tucker, Tuttle, Wig- gin, Willey, and Wingate. CHAPTER LXIL NORTHWOOD.— (6'o>i(iHued.) 'military history— civil history. Revolutionary Soldinrs— War of 1812 — War of tUe Rebellion— Town Clerks from 1773-1883 — RepresentativeB from 1794-1883. Revolutionary Soldiers. — This region was pretty well settled, and was called upon at all times during the whole war to furnish men, and the call was re- sponded to promptly. We can give but the majority of men who served at this time. So far as Cilley's regiment is concerned the list is nearly correct. The enlistment for that regiment while Cilley had the command, being the First New Hampshire Continental Regiment, commenced Jan. 1, 1777, some of the men for three years, and others for a shorter term. Stark had commanded the First New Hampshire up to January, 1777. He resigned in consequence of Col. Poor's promotion over him. Then Cilley took command as colonel of this regi- ment. Nottingham furnished Col. Joseph Cilley, after- wards Gen. Cilley, whose biography is well known. Henry Dearborn, who rose to the rank of lieuten- ant-colonel. Col. Thomas Bartlett, who commanded a regiment. Capt. Henry Butler. In the First New Hampshire Continental Regi- ment when commanded by Col. Cilley were the fol- lowing Nottingham soldiers : 4bO HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. James Beverley, enl. Jan. 4, 1777 ; diach. December, 1781. Benjamin Butler, enl. March 5, 1777 ; disch. March 20, 1780. Josiah Clarke, enl. May 9, 1777; died Nov. 20, 1781. Thomas George, enl. Jan. 1, 1777 ; disch. Jan. 25, 1780. Thomas Harvey, enl. Jan. 1, 1779 ; disch. December, 1781. John P. Hilton, enl. Jan. 1, 1777; disch. Feb. 1, 1779. Benjamin McAllister, enl. Jan. 1, 1777 ; died Blarch 7, 1778. Paul McCoy, enl. April 20, 1779; disch. December, 1781. Bi-adstreet Mason, enl. Jan. 8, 1779; disch. December, 1781. John Pike, enl. Jan. 1, 1777 ; disch. January, 1779. James Randall, enl. Jan. 1, 1777; disch. January, 1779. Nathaniel Randall, enl. Jan. 1, 1777; disch. December, 1781. William Willey, enl. Jan. 1, 1777; disch. December, 1781. Joseph York, enl. March 1, 1777; disch. December, 1781. In Col. Keid's or Soammel's regiment were en- rolled the following Continental soldiers, viz. : Thomas Hall, William Simpson, Nich. Leathers, Jonathan Morgan, Jo- seph Avery, Moses Davis, John Welch, Thomas Welch, Matthew Welch, Richard Sanborn, Joseph Nealey, John Mills, John Clark, Jesse Clarke, James Harvey. North Hampton claimed Jonathan Morgan, James Harvey, and York. Capt. Butler commanded a company in Col. Thomas Bartlett's regiment. After the battle of Bunker Hill, in which Capt. Henry Dearborn was engaged, he, in the fall of 1775, again commanded a company in Arnold's regiment, which marched to Quebec by the way of Kennebec River. He was there taken prisoner in the attack upon Quebec, when Gen. Montgomery was slain. The following soldiers were enrolled in his company from Nottingham, viz. . James Beverly, John P. Hilton, and Samuel Sias. In Capt. Henry Dearborn's company, Stark's regi- ment, at Bunker Hill, we find the followin^soldiers: John Bickford, Andrew Nealoy, Nath.Batchelder, JohnNealey, Samuel Sias, Nicholas Brown, J. Ruunells, Benjamin Berry, Sherburn Dear- born, James Beverly, John Havvey, Robert Morri.son, Joshua Wells, And I c-w Bickford, Theo. Case, James Garland, Mark Whidden, Ben* janiin Johnson, Jonah Moody, Clement Moody, Jonathan Dow, Jo- seph Jackson, Jacob Morrill, Peter Severance, William McCrillis, mortally wounded. Weymouth Wallace was severely wounded in Bunker Hill battle; Neal McGaffey was also slightly wounded. They were of Dearborn's company, but of Epsom ; also Andrew McGaffey. David Mudgett also, of Gilmanton or Barnstead, who lost his gun. DEEEFIELD SOLDIERS. Fl-ancjs Ames, enl. March 28, 1778; disch. Feb. 7, 1780. Jonathan Griffin, enl. April 5, 1781 ; died Oct. 1, 1781. Joseph Grant, enl. April 13, 1781; disch. December, 1781. John Hall, enl. March 12, 1778; disch. December, 1781. Nathaniel Moulton, enl. Jan. 1, 1777 ; disch. December, 1781. John McCoy, enl. March 12, 1778 ; disch. March 12, 1781. Daniel McCoy, enl. March 17, 1778; disch. December, 1781. Thomas McLaughlin, enl. March 12, 1778 ; disch. March 12, 1781. Joseph Norris, enl. March, 4, 1778; disch. Feb. 4, 1781. Jethro Pettengill, enl. March 6, 1778; disch. December, 1781. John Riddle, enl. March 7, 1778; disch. February, 1781. Peter Stevens, enl. March 7, 1781; disch. December, 1781. Bernard Sargent, enl. March^7, 1781; disch. December, 1781. Lieut. Joseph Hilton was wounded at Saratoga, and left the service. In Col. Scammel's regiment I find the name of Abraham Potter, who died at Saratoga, October, 1777, probably from wounds received at the battle October 7th. Also the names of Chase Page, James Robinson, John Abbott, Reuben Rand, Ezekiel Thurs- ton, Robert Chase, Benjamin Towle, Nathaniel Batch- elder, Josiah Batchelder, Jacob Morse^ Daniel Mathes, Thomas Matthews, John Jewell. Most of the last- named men were Continental soldiers, enrolled in Soammel's or Reid's regiment. Capt. Sanborn was wounded at Saratoga. He be- longed to Deerfield. He was an officer in Col. Evans' regiment. In his company were enrolled Joseph Hoit, Deerfield ; John Chandler, Northwood ; Jona- than Hawkins, Nottingham ; Joseph Langley, Not- tingham ; Benjamin Langley, Nottingham ; John Robertson. We do not present here a perfect list of this company. Northwood Soldiers. — William Wallace was first lieutenant in Capt. John Drew's company, of Bar- rington, in the regiment commanded by Col. Hale, afterwards by Col. George Reid, of Derry, 1777. In July, 1776, he was first lieutenant in Capt. Joseph Chandler's company. Col. Isaac Wyman's regiment. In Col. Joseph Cilley's regiment were enrolled ; Benjamin Dowe, enlisted Jan. 1, 1777, discharged December, 1781 ; Levi Hutchinson, enlisted April 20, 1778, discharged December, 1781. In other Continental regiments were enrolled Philip Fowler, John Harvey, Benjamin Sanborn, Andrew Willey, John Knight, Samuel Trickey, John Bickford. In addition to the above names, which were fur- nished by the Hon. George W. Nesmith for Mr. Cogswell's history, he adds the following names from Deerfield, the mo.st of whom are known to have done service in the Revolution. Joseph H. Seavey and Isaac Moore enlisted as three years' men. Among those who served three months' and six months' enlistments are the following, while it should be remembered that not a few of them enlisted several times during the conflict : Edward Dearborn, Joseph Marston, David Moulton, Daniel Seavey, Rob- ertSimpson, Joseph True, Nicholas Hoitt, John Kelley, James Morse, Joseph Chase, Parker Chase, Aaron Page, Jacob Hunt, Asa Moulton, Andrew Kennlston, Samuel Collins, Capt. Daniel Moore, Robert Smart, Jeremiah Sawyer, Parker Chase, Jr., True Brown, Robert Lock, Reuben Doe, Caleb Philbrick, a son of Josiah Sawyer, a son of John Morse, a son of Lieut. Chase, Jonathan York, Ezekiel Knowles. For the above we are indebted to Joseph J. Dear- born, E.sq., for whose aid we are under obligation in other matters. Many of the above names we have been able to identify in sketches given us. In addition to the names given us from Northwood we find the following: Samuel Johnson, William Wallace, Eliphalet Taylor, William Blake, Nathaniel Twombly, Benjamin Johnson, Jr., Simon Batchelder, Abraham Batchelder, John Johnson, Benjamin Hill, Nicholas Dudley Hill, John Wiggin, William Willey', Joshua Furber. In the census for 1840 it was required that the names and ages of all persons receiving pensions for NORTHWOOD. 431 services rendered in the wars of the Revolution and 1812 should be returned, and the result Was as follows : NoUingham,~BetBey Luugley,8S; Sally Witham.SS; Abigail Wescott, 75; barah Chapman. 78; Lovey Plckeiing, 88; Abner Davis. 86; Jonathan Davis. 84; Joseph CiUey, 49 ; John Crawford, 55. De€r>/,/.-Sally Mathers, 75; Moses Chase, 78; Francis Rollins, 79; Joshua Yeascy, 80; John Stearns, 80; Ezekiel Knuwles, 85 ; Jenette Blue, 75; Asa Folsom, 86; Abijah Ring, 65; Joseph Robinson, 84. iVoW/(,roo,;.— Abigail Knight, 86: Lydia Weeks, 68; John Ghesley, 89; Joseph Shaw, 90; Simon Batchelder, SO; John Johnson, 83; John Bickf.rd, 80; Betsey Furber, 95 ; Sarah Fogg, 82; Ebeuezer Ben- nett, 78. CAPT. HENKT DEAEBORN^S COMPANY. Fkanklin, Aug. 31,1878. Rev. Mr. Cogswell. J/y Bear Sir, — I send you a correct list of the men that composed Capb. Henry Dearborn's company in the Bunker Hill battle and subsequent campaign. We leave you to fix the residences of most of the men : Capt. Henry Dearborn, Notting- ham. 1st Lieut. Amos Morrill, Epsom. 2d Lieut. Jlichiiel MoC'lary, Epsom. 1st Sergt. Jona. Clarke. 2dSergt. And. McGaflFey, Epsom. 3d Sergt. Joseph Jackson, Notting- ham. 1st Corp. Jonah jMoody. 2d Corp. Andrew Field. 3d Corp. Jona. Oilman. 4th Corp. Andrew Bickford. Simon Itearborn. Gideon GliiJdeti. James Garland. John Harvey. David JIudgett. Simon Sanborn. Robert Morrieon. John Runnels. John Nealey. Joseph Place. Abram Pettengale. Andrew Nealey. Peter Severance. John Wallace. Theopli. Case, Epsom. Israel Clifford. Nathaniel Batchelder, died March 28, 1778. Jacob Morrill. John Simpson. John Wallace, Jr. Neal McGaffey. Jonah Libbey. Moses Locke. Francis Locke. Zebulou Marsh. Sulomon Moody. Chase Wliitcher. Marsh Whitten. Noah Sinclair, drummer. James Randell, fifer. Nich. Brown. Beiij. Berry, Epsom. John Casey. Jona. Cram. Jeremiah Conner. Elisha llufchinson. Dudley Hutohinson. Benj. Judkins. Josh. Wells. Jere. Dowe. Jona. Dowe. John Dwyer. David Page, Jr. Beniah Libbey. Wm. Bowell. Weymouth Wallace. Thomas Walsh. William McCrillis. Samuel Wiublow, enl. July 10, 1775. Francis Locke, Jr., enl. July 8, 1775. Weymouth Wallace, of Epsom, was wounded, and received from government an invalid pension. William McCrillis, of Epsom, also was mortally wounded, and died early in July, 1775. His widow received half-pay under subsequent statute law of this State. Lieut. Joseph Hilton, of Deerfield, who was wounded at Saratoga, recovered so far as to do some duty, finally resigned his commission Oct. 10, 1778. Lieut. Joseph Thomas, who belonged to Capt. Daniel Livermore's company, and was killed at Sara- toga, was paid by Deerfield. There were two officers of the same name, one of them belonged to Rindge. John Harvey, of Northwood, was sergeant, was pro- moted to ensign's commission March 9, 1779, and to lieutenant's commission May 12, 1781. He was also quartermaster for some months in 1780. In writing the biography of Gen. Henry Dearborn I suppose you will not forget to state the courtesies rendered by Peter Livias, the Tory councilor at Quebec, when Dearborn was made prisoner, and by Livias' influence was paroled and sent home, under the injunction to forward his wife and children to him from Portsmouth to Quebec. All this was done very promptly by Capt. Dearborn in 1776. Truly yours, etc., Geo. W. Nesmith. SOLDIERS IN THE WAR OF Atwood, James, sixty days. Bmwn, Sanniel, sixty days. Chapman, EUeneiier, tliree months. Davis, Valentine, three months. Demerit, John, sixty days. E;imes, Henry, sixty days. Gove, Nathan W., tliiee months. Hardy, Asa, Nixty days. Leathers, Oliver, sixty days. Odell, David, three months. Putnam, Israel, sixty days. Band, Simeon, three months. 1812 FROM NOTTINGHAM. Randall, Hezekiah, sixty days. Richardaon, Reuh., three months. Richardson, Edward, sixty days. Rollins, John, three months. Runnels, John, tliree months. Seavy, Rnfus, sixty dayfi. Spiagiie, Oliver, sixty days. Steele, Samuel, three months. Tarhox, Henry, sixty days. Thurston, Samuel, sixty days. Weymouth, John, three months. Whicher, Josiah. SOLDIERS IN THE WAR Allen, Diivid H. Bishop, Joshua. Brown, True, three months. Brown, Bradbury, three months. BatcheVler, Samuel, tliree months. Bishop, Serg. Joshua, sixty days. Brown, Stephen, sixty days. Brown, James, sixty days. Batchelder, Lowell, sixty days. Blaisdell, Levi, sixty days. Blaisdellj George F., sixty days. Bartlett, Stephen, sixty days. Bladgen, David, Jr., sixty days. Coffin, William, substitute for Sam- uel Simpson. Coffin, Samuel, substitute for David Chase. Collins, Capt. Sarn., three months. Currier, True, three months. Cram, Abraham, three months. Collins, Christopher, sixty days. Cliase, Joseph, sixty days. Chase, David, sixty days. Cuchran, John, sixty days. Cotton, John, sixty days. Dearborn, John, three mouths. Durrer, William, sixty days. Dow, James, sixty days. Dalton, James, sixty days. Eastman, Jeremiah, sixty days. Fogg, Eberiezer, ^.ixty days. Haynes, Daniel, three months. Hilton, John, three months. Huckins, Ebenezer, sixty days. Haynes, Capt. David, sixty days. OF 1812 FROM DEERFIELD. Hazletine, Benjamin, sixty days. Judkius, Caleb, sixty days. Lunt, Josiah, sixty days. Langlee, Reuben, sixty days. Langley, Caleb, sixty days. Libby, Jesse, sixty days. Langley, John, sixty days. Mudgett, substitute for E. Thurston, three months. Marston, Nathaniel, three months. Maloon, Jert-miali, sixty days. Merrill, Joseph, sixty days. Nute, Jacob. Palmer, John, three months. Pearson, Timothy, sixty days. Prescott, True, sixty days, f rescott, Stephen, frixty days. Prescott, Joseph, sixty days. Palmer, Levi, sixty days. Prescott, Reuben, sixty days. Rollins, Josiah, sixty days, Rowell, Abraham, sixty days. Rand, William, sixty days. Smith, Stephen, sixty days. Stearns, Samuel, sixty days. Shephard, Isaac, sixty days. Tandy, David, three mbnths. True, Abraham, sixty days. Todd, John M„ sixty days. Wallace, Jacob, three months. White, James, three months. Weare, Mesheck, sixty days. Wallace, John, sixty days. Veasey, Jonathan, sixty days. SOLDIERS IN THE WAR Durgin, Israel, sixty days. Durgin, Job, sixty days. Hill, George, three months. KnowltoD, Oliver, three months. Knowlton, Joseph, three months. Laws, Sergt. Curtis. Moore, Sergt, Gideon. OF 1812 FROM NORTHWOOD. Morrill, Burnliam. Rollins, David, Jr., sixty days. Smith, John, three months. Small, Samuel, sixty days. Stokes, Jeremiah, sixty days. Willie, Isaac, three months. York, Levi, sixty days. 432 HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. SOLDIERS IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION FROM NOT- Lyford, Edward F., chaplain. Robinson, Braning W. TINGHAM. Ladd, George P. Rollins, Francis F. Batchelder, Oliver P. Libby, William. Law, John K. Smith, McNorman C. BeaD, Addison F. Lucy, Robert W, Lang, William H. H. Smith, Peter. Brown, William H. Lovering, True W. Langley, Almond S. Smith, William. BuFDhani, Sherburne K. Leathers, Charles. Legro, Mitchell P. Sanborn, Thomas W. Carr, John. Lovering, Andrew. Livingston, John. Smith, David, Jr. Cupp, Daniel F. Langley, Joseph A. Mclntyre, James. Sturtivant, Paschal. Demeritt, Jacob. Martin, Joseph. Morrissey, James. Sylvester, George F. Deineritt, Cor^. John A. Miller, Isaac E. McGowan, John. Smith, John. Dow, John H. McCoUey, John. Mai-sh, Charles G. Smith, Charles F. Davis, Bradbury C. Nay, Elvin F. Menard, Peter. Tilton, Charles F.' Daniels, Corp. John D, Nealley, Moses B. Morrison, Capt. Isaac H. Thomas, John 0. Demeritt, All.ert W. Newton, John, Meloon, Enoch F. Thompson, William S. Dinsniore, Chai'lee. Nichols, Alexander. Meloon, Samuel S. Tilton, George B. Davis, Daniel W. Prescott, John R. S. Medlar, Marvin L. Thompson, John L. B. Edgerly, Lyman, Prescott, Thomas R. Marrifield, Frank 0. Thome, Francis B. Eastman, Omri H. Ryan, Patrick. Morrell, Joseph W. Thompson, Charles H. French, Horace. Simpson, Samuel A. Pettigrew, Henry J. Tilton, Charles E. Fuller, Gayton W. Sayles, Samuel. Prescott, George P. Tyjer, Charles S. Fnrber, Siimuel J. Smith, James W. Parsons, William H. Thompson, Henry. Guyon, Alexander. Scales, Horace. Quimby, David M. Teel, George. Glover, Samuel. Tilton, Franklin. Randall, John L. Witherell, Otis C. Gerriah, Cliarles F. Thompson, Joseph H. liobinson, Dana D. Witherell, George S. Gilpatri.k, Corp. William H. Tuttle, Charles C. Ranach, Christopher. Woodman, John L. Harvey, Charles G. , Thompson, John H. P. Randall, Samuel J. Wheeler, Stephen. Hulmai), AmusS. Thompson, John P. H. Ritchie, James, Jr. Ward, James. Hill, Bradbury W. Thompson, Sylvester E. Ritchie, William. White, Charles E. Holmes, William F. Turpin, John. Ring, Abijah, Young, David, Jr. Holmes, Noah W. Tuttle, Levi C. Robinson, Stephen B., Jr. Holmes, John L. Tuttle, Albert n. Harvey, Charles B. Tuttle, John M. SOLDIERS IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION FROM NORTH Jenness, George W. Ure, Daniel A. WOOD, Jones, David. Wallace, Charles B. Avery, George H. Hoitt, Joshua J. Johnson, George. Witham, Joseph. Bruce, John H. Hyes, Chrijiham F. Kelley. Thomas J. Wilson, Henry. Brown, Charles. Hartman, William. Kennedy, Thomas. Wade, Harry. Baril, Ovide. Harris, James. Leathers, Levi. Witham, John B. Butler, Patrick. Hill, Alfred R. Leathers, Daniel. Brown, Daniel R. Jones, William T. SOLDIERS IN THE WAR OF PHE REBELLION FROM TtTCTT.R. Bennett, Richard. Johnson, Samuel S. FIELD. Ainslee, Alexander W. Ayer, Joseph B. Abbott, George A. Andei-son, James R. Ambrose, Corp. Alfred E. Buudy, John. Benson, George W. Boyd, James. Bryson, John. Batchelcler, Joseph G. Batchelder, Edmund R. Batchelder, Jonathan H. Boudy, Charles H. Browu, Charles 0. Batchelder. Edmund. Butler, FrankUn H. Barnard, Moses. Cor lisa, George W. Clay, Jesse H. Carney, Edward. Conway, Charles N. Casey, Matthew. Coleman, Michael. Cook, John W. Cook, Abel R. Carter, Charles H. Cliatin, John C. Chad wick, Lieut. Jeremiah. Chase, Joseph W. Cram, Joseph H. Conkliu, Lauty. Dickey, James. Doe, Joseph A. Dickey, James M. Day , George. Dennet, Benjamin F. Doe, Rufus E. Durgiu, Henry B. Donohue, Thomas. Donavan, William C. Emerson, John A. Evans, James. Fogg, Stephen F. Fife, Henry M. Fifield, Henry L. Gannon, James. Graver, Charles N. George, Rufus P. Hill, Jacob W. Hoitt, Charles E. P. Hazleton, Benjamin J. Harvey, Albert M. Harvey, Ladd P. Hili, William E. Hildreth, Sherman F. Hill, Isaac L. Hill, Martin V. B. Henderson, John. Jenkins, James. Johnson, George H. Johnson, Lieut. Merrill. Jones, Charles H. James, Thomas H. B. Jones, John. Jagers, S. P. Jenkins, William. Kenniatou, William H. Kelly, James. Kenney, William. Kennerley, Thomas. Brown, Paul P. Bean, Corporal Charles W. Brown, Charles. • Burnham, William D. Bradley, John. Canny, James M. Carter, Henry L. Clay, Francis S. CheSley, William. Casey, Thomas. Comstock, Patrick. Clark, John. Cutler, Eugene L. Donoughoue, James. Durgin, Charles P. Downy, Thomas. Dow, Samuel T. Dow, Pearly B. Dow, Corporal William A. Davis, John R. Day, William H. Day, Henry T. Drake, Jonathan 0. English James, Emerson, John A. Fisher, Edward. Fife, George. Fife, William. Foss, Charles W. Furber, William W. Greenleaf, George W, Goodwin, John F. Gray, William S. Hall, Alben. Hoitt, Capt. Augustus J. Hoitt, Byron D, Hanscom.John 0. Johnson, George F. Kelly, Corporal Benjamin F. Knowles, Jesse M. Kelley, Serg. Charles H. Knowle.s, Samuel P. Knowlton, George. Kempton, Jame?) M. Lawrence, George W. Lovering, Joseph P. Lancaster, Jolin L. Miller, Charles H. Morton, Andrew. Morrison, Corporal John G. Morrison, Corporal Andrew J, Miller, Charles H. Meserve, Ira. Norton, Henry. NorcruBS, Charles A. O'Brien, John. Poole, Jalnes. Page, George H. Randall, aiarlesH. Randall, Henry L. Ross, John H. Reynolds, Arthur. Richardson, John. Richardson, Eben R, Roberts, Alvin H. Reynolds, Alphonze S, Reynolds, William A. Reynolds, Mason F. Roderick, Joseph. Riber, John B. Seavey, Smith M, Smith, John. Stockman, Charles. Smith, John A. ^-2^6 NOTTINGHAM. 433 Smith, Barnard, S«,iiii, Sergt. Jeremiah J. Small, John W. Sanburn, James. Trombl.v, Joseph, Turtle, William R, Taylor, Alfred. TOWN Increase Batchelder. 1773-76, Thomas Piper, 1776-77, Robert Hill, 1778. Levi Dearboi-n, 1779-84. John Haivey, 17,S4-89. Jonathan Clark, 1789-1801, Br, William Smith, lSOl-26, John Harvey, Jr,, 1Sl;5-26. Ira B. Hoitt, 1827-31. Edson Hill, 1831-36, Jonathan Barnett, 1836. Samuel Barllett (2d), 1837-38, N, H, Leavitt, 1839-10, H, J. Clark, 1841-42, 1845. Caverly Knowles, 1843-44, E, Tibhetts, 1846-47, Wilson, William, Watson, David P, Williams, Rowell S. Watson, Lieut, Phtmmer D, Waldo, Sergt. John. Watson, Reuben B, Watson, James C, CLERKS, [ Smith Knowles, 1848-62, G, T, Sherburne, 1852-64, V, P, Tasker, 185.5-56, E. C, Brown, 1857, 1858, no record, William J, Newell, 1859-60, E, S. Tasker, 1861-62, I George W, Furness, 1863-64. V. B, Caverly, IsCo. S. S, Moore, 1866-67. B, S. Clark, 1868-70, Enoch Fogg, 1871-74, A. H. Clark, 1876. Frank M, Knowles, 1876-78, 1880- 82, Samuel P. Dow, 1879. REPBESENTATI VES. Jonathan Clark, 1794-99 ; Sherbnrn Blake, 1799-1802; Siilnnion Busel, 1802-3; John Fiirber, 1804-6; John Harvey, 1806-9; Solomon Buzel, 1809-12; John Harvey, 1812 ; Levi Mead, 1813-16; Ebcnezer Coe, 1K16; David Clark, 1817-18; Ebenezer Coe, 1819-20; Joseph Nealley, 1821-22; Joel B. Virgin, 1823-25 ; John Kelley, 1826-27; Ebenezer Coe, 1S28; James Batchelder, 1829-30; John Harvey, Jr,, 18;il-32 ; Joliii J, Demerett, 1833-34 ; Jonathan Hill, 1836 ; Jonathan Hill, Jr,, 18:)6; William B, Willey, 1837-38; Bdson Hill, 1839-40; Richard H..itt, 1841^2; David Furber, 184.i-44; Oilman Biitchelder, 1846-16; Ezra Ta-ker, 1847-48; Warren P. Sherbnrn, 1849-60; Ben- jamin J. Freese, 1851-62; no representative elected, 1853; Leonard, Morrill, 1854; John A, Ring, 1855-66; Henry Knowltori, 1867; no record, 18,5s ; Chailes 0, Brown, 1869; Woodbury M, Dnrgin, 1860; Richard Hoitt, Jr., 1K61 ; William S, Ring, 1862 ; Thomas Tuttle, 1863; William T, Willey, 1864; William Wallace, 1866; John C, Hanson, 1806; Ab.nzo F, Knowlton, 1867; Samuel N. Towle, 1868 ; Charles Wineate, 1869; William A, Caswell, 1870; William W, Messer, 1871-72; Alpha J. Pillsbury, 1873-74; George T, Sherbnrn, 1875; Cliarles F, Cate, 1876-77; Benjamin F. Towle, 1878; Elbridge 6. Boody, 1879-80 ; Samuel F. Leavitt, 1881-82, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. DEACOX LEVI KNOWLES. The first ancestor of the Knowles family, in Eock- ingham County, came to North Hampton from Cam- bridge, about 1666. His name was John Knowles, and the line of descent from him to Deacon Levi Knowles (whose portrait appears on another page) is as foUow.s: John\ John^ EzekieF, David*, Simeon^ Levi". Levi Knowles was born in the town of North- wood, April 17, 1797. He was the son of one of the early pioneers of the town, and reared among the scenes and under the privations of its early develop^ inent. He was reared a farmer, and made that his chief avocation through life. He married Mary Col- cord, daughter of Samuel Colcord, of Nottingham, April 1, 1822, They bad three children, two of whom died in infancy. The only surviving child, named Christiana Colcord, is now the wife of Samuel 28 W. Morse, formerly of Boston, Mass., now a merchant in Lowell. He owns the old Knowles homestead, and is greatly beautifying and improving it. Mr. Knowles was thoroughly devoted to his chosen pur- suit, and was one of the leading enterprising agricul- turists of his town. He was a man of notable judg- ment and remarkable common sense, noted lor his candor and frankness, and when he expressed an opinion on any subject his listener knew it was his honest opinion. This trait of character made his counsel much sought after. With a broad charity for all, a keen, intuitive judgment that enabled him to discern between the true and the false, his advice, counsel, or opinion was always just, yet always leaned towards the side of mercy and charity. His ancestor.s for generations were noted for their piety, and many of them were prominent in church affairs. His father was deacon of the Calvin Baptist Church. This ten- dency to high moral spirit and religious zeal seems to have culminuted in Deacon Knowles, an,d to have been the predominant trait of his character. He was an unassuming, quiet, calm, God-fearing man, whose highest ambition was to deport himself in life, that when the end came he could have no regret for evil deeds done or good deeds left undone. He was never a seeker for popularity, fame, or position, yet the sterling worth of the man forced a recognition of his merits and an appreciation of his exalted character upon all with whom he came in contact, and made him hosts of friends. Many positions of trust and honor were urged upon him, but he per- sistently and firmly refused them all. While he was always first and foremost in adopting aijd advocating all reform measures, yet he preferred remaining in the background and letting others don the ofiicial robes. He was particularly ardent in support of the temperance cause, and all his life long he sought by precept and example to banish intemperance from the land. Mr. Knowles died at the age of seventy-nine, and Mrs. Knowles at the age of eighty-one. In their demise Northwood lost two of its most respected citizens. CHAPTEE LXriI. NOTTINGHAM,! Geographical— Topographical— Petition for a Grant of the Town— Name of Town— The Royal Grant- Original Proprietors— The Survey— Ec- clesiastical- Indians— Revolutionary— Attorneys— Physicians-^Early Families, The town of Nottingham lies in the northern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north and east by Strafford County, on the south by Epping and Eaymond, and on the west by Deerfleld and Northwood. The surface is hilly and rugged. 1 Condensed from Rev. E, C. Cogswell's excellent ■' History of Not- tingham, Deerfleld, and Northwood," 434 HISTOKY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Nottingham originally comprised, in addition to its present territory, that of the present towns of Deerfield and Northvvood, and was granted in 1721, chiefly to inhabitants of Boston and Newbury, Mass., and New Hampshire. The petition for this tract of land was under date of April 21, 1721, and was signed by one hundred and one persons. After the petition had been granted, but before the royal charter was received, the proprietors at Boston, at a legal meeting, voted that the purchase should be called New Boston, and why the name of Not- tingham should appear in the charter instead is not known. The royal charter was obtained May 10, 1722. It was given by '* George, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, etc.," and signed by Samuel Sbute. Original Proprietors. — Tlie following is a list of the original proprietors of the town : Joseph Maylem. Ezekiel Walker. Elisha Story. James Pitson. Nath' Martin. John Walker. Peregrin White. Thomas Mandsly. Francis Halton. Kichd Greggory, Willm Pitson. Joliu Grainger. Sum' Whitwell. John Warriu. Zach. Fitch. David Chapin. Wm Pearse. Nich" Belknap! Ehen' Burgess. James Stringer. John Brown. James Wright. David Dolbeare. John Brock. John Russell. Stephen Perks. Willm Young. Nathi Hasy. John Pratt. Jeremiah Staniford. EUfnezer Messenger. Peter Gibbins. Benjamin Gambling. Thomas Phipps. Thumas Peirce. Clement Hughes. Johu-Gilmao, Maj^. John Gilman, Cap*. Benjn Harris. Will™ Briggs. John Goodman. .John Allen. Joseph Dodge. Thomas Creese. Will™ Creese. Willm Cleferton. Richard Heard, Samuel Durant. John Pioctor. Thomas Clerk. James Gumming. Robert Auchmuty. John Steel. Nathi Joslin. Jabez Joslin. Sam^ Story. Will™ Langdon. , Clement Renough. Joseph Calfe. Thumas Ward. Jeremiah Calfe. Sami Kindal. Willm Partridge. Henry Somerby. Edwd Sargent. Joseph Chandler. John Calfe. Mary Plummer. S. Bradstreet. Robert Addams. Jobn Tufts. Thomas Arnold. Nathi Sargent. Jotham Odiorn. Ben niiig Wentworth. John Newton. Jost-ph Richards. Benjamin Bickford. Jonathn Clement. Faun Clement. Daniel Sawyer. Beniah Titcomb. Nathi Hale. John Calfe, Jun^, John Bayly. Job Giddins. Mary Cott\e. Richard A\'illiam8. Sarah Boardman. John Wial. Joshua Moody. Anne Smith. Benj. Woodbridge. Richard Kent. Jacob Knowl. Samuel Jones. Aaron Morril. Stepho Sawyer, Jun', Philip Hodgkins. Cutting Noyes. Stephen Coffin. Edward Hall. Joseph Hall. Peter Gilman. Nathi Eodgers. George Smith. Richard Wilbom. Abra™ Rowel. Mary Somerby. Stephen Ackerman. Mary Wheeler. John Faver. Ostin Boardman. Thomas Dean. Moses Stick ny. Jobn Wadleigh. Province of New Hampshieb, May 11, 1722. His Excellency the Governour, The Honourable the Lieut. -Gov', and the Council enter^ associates with the within named persons, viz. : His Excellency, a home Lott and farm of Five Hund^ Acres. The Lieut. Governor, the Same. Sam' Penhallow, a Proprietor's Share. Mark Hunking, Ditto. Geprge Jaffrey, Ditto. Shedrech Walton, Ditto. Richard Wiborn, Ditto. Thomas Westbrook, Ditto. Thomas Packer, Ditto. Arch^ Maxfedrice, Ditto. 1723. March 26, admitted proprietors. Joseph Joslin. Joshua Peirce. ,' ' ' .. -V- *vii i> 7 _) The whole ) J^ath'i Rodgers. |i32Bharea./ 1722. ■June 13, admitted proprietors. Joseph Savel. Rob* Pike. Eleazer Russell. John Cutt. First Minister. Joseph Moulton. June 13, 1722, at a meeting of proprietors held at Exeter, at the house of Maj. John Gilman, it was voted, " That Maj. John Gilman, Capt. John Gilman, and Capt. John Wadleigh be a Committee to agree with men to build a bridge and make good ways to Notinojham." Selectmen seem for the first time to have been chosen at the annual meeting of the proprietors at Portsmouth, March 26, 1723. This meeting was held at the house of Mrs. Suzanna Small. '* Col. Thomas Packer, Esq., was chosen moderator, John Calfe, clerk." And the selectmen were *' Mr. Elisha Story at Boston, Capt. Edward Sargent at Newbury, and Mr. Benj. Gambling at Portsmouth." The town was surveyed in 1732 by John Brown and Stephen Hosmer, Jr. Ecclesiastical. — The institution of religious wor- ship was contemporary with the settlement of the town. The first preacher was Rev. Mr. Maylem, in 1729. He was succeeded by Revs. Joshua Moody, Stephen Emery, Mr. McClintock, Mr. Goodhue, Benjamin Butler, Oliver Dodge, James Hobart. A church building was erected early in the history of the town, and a second one in about 1804 or 1805, which was taken down in 1840. *' When the Congregational Church was organized we cannot tell. A remnant still remains worshiping in connection with the Free- Will Baptist Church at the Centre, about a mile from the square. The Free- Will Baptist Church was long since or- ganized, and ministered unto by Elders Dyer G?uttle and others, while a Christian Baptist congregation centres at Tuttle's Corner, at present worshiping in a hall. The Universalists claim one-third of the meet- NOTTINGHAM. 435 ing-house at the Centre, and sustain worship one- third of the time. Adventists hold meetings in vari- ous parts of the town at their convenience and as interest may demand."— Cogswell. Indians. — During the French war, the Indians greatly troubled the settlements in New Hampshire. Nottingham did not escape. Small parties of the enemy concealed themselves on or near her borders, and made great havoc'among the cattle, horses, sheep, and bther domestic animals. There lived a small tribe of Indians 'near the north part of what is now called North River Pond, near the line which now divides Nottingham from Northwood, and within the present limits of the latter. At the head of this tribe was a chief by the name of Swausen. He was generally disposed to 'be friendly to the settlers, yet sometimes did not restrain his own tribe, nor roving parties from other tribes, from doing mischief. — Cogs- well. Revolutionary.^The following signed the "As- sociation Test :" " Association Test. — ;We, The Subscribers, Do Hereby Solemnly Engage, And Promise, That we Will, To The Utmost Of Our Power, At The Risque Of Our Lives And Fortunes, With Arms, Oppose The Hos- tile Proceedings Of The British Fleets And Armies Against The United American Colonies. SIGNEES IN NOTTINGHAM. J. Mills. Benjamin Butler. Joseph Morrill. Josiah Clark. Thoniaa Healey? Francis Keiiston. Joseph Cilley. Jonathan D.ivia. Benjamin Shaw. Ephi-aim Durgin. Thomas Bartlet. Alexander Lucy. Henry Butler. Vowel Leathers. Aimer Cluugh. Cutten Cilley. William Gill. John Harvey. Rice Rowell. John Wells. Ziphaniah Butler. John Ford. Joseph Jackson. Quick Preast. John Brown. Voliutine Hill. Samnel Gray. Mason Rendel. Daniel Demis. Jacob Burnam. Thomas George. And^Simpsune. Benjamin Stokes. Charles Furnil. Ham. Libbey. Joseph Bobinson. MoscH Davis. Daniel Young. Joshua Trickey. Joseph Whittier. John Bickford. William Welch. Thomas Hickford. Robert Davis. John Wille. Samuel Burnam. James Glass. Samuel Daniels. Natliaiiel Hale. Jonathan Willey. Samuel Scails? Abraham Knight. John Giles. Aaron Hayes. Gideon Straw. Israel Randel. Will^i Cloys. John McCrilles, Rob. Evens. Asa Guile. Nathaniel Eandel. Samuel Brasa. Charles McCuy. Frances Trickey. Hezekinli Randel. Edward Foote. Thomas Whitehorn. John Whitehorn. Paul GeiTish. John Sliaw, Jr. Joseph Hodgdon. Simeol Ladd. Jonathan Fobs. Enoch Page. Joseph Garman. John Nealley. Jonathan Gove. Abednego Leathers. Benjamin Winelow. Ichabod Row. John Hutcherson. John Gile. John Chesle. John Nelley, Jr. Joshua Stearns. William Nelley. Thomas Odel. Robert Morrison. James Kelsey. John Shaw. Nicholas Leathers. Jonathan Langley. Abel Leathers. Thomas McConnelly. Benjamin Jackson. Solmon Davis. Abner Davis. Nicholas Brown. Sawyer Chesle. John Kesear. John Collet. Jonathan Rollings. John Hany. Winthrop Colbath. 104 State of New Hampshire. Pursuant to the within Precept, we have Present this Covenant to the Inhabitants of the Town of Not- tingham, and the Parsons that Refuse to sign it are on a Seperate Paper. Vowel Leathers, ] Select Thos. Bartlet, ) Men. August 16th, 1776. A list of the men in the town of Nottingham that refuse to sign the covenant sent to the selectmen by the Committee of Safety in April last, viz. : ♦Abraham Scails. Philip BarMet. *Nathaniel Goodhu. Noah Barker. John Shepard. *John BaufiU. ♦Joseph Nealley. *John Bartlet. *Thi>mas Hines. Thomas Fohs. Frances Harvey. Frances Harvey, Jr. *Eldad Langley. Moses Davis. Edmund Hodgdon. Samnel Gove. *John Watson. *James Watson. Nathan Watson. Josiah Watson. *Benja Watson. Benji* Witcher. Daniel Rogers, Esq. James Bean. James Thurston. 25 Vowel Leathers, | Select Thos. Bartlet, J Men. Nottingham, August 16th, 1776, N.B. — Them with this marke * have advanced money for to Hire Men to go to Crown Point. For military record, see history of Northwood. Attorneys-at-Law. — Jonathan Rawson, a native of Massachusetts, commenced practice in 178-, re- moved to Dover, died 1794, aged thirty-six. Jonathan Steele, a native of Peterborough, prac- ticed law for a while in Nottingham. His wife was a daughter of Gen. Sullivan. Was appointed judge of the Superior Court of Judicature in 1810 and served until 1812. Thomas Bartlett was appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas, a county court, in 1790, and con- tinued until 1805. Bradbury Bartlett was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas, 1832. He was son of Judge Thomas Bartlett. James H. Butler was appointed to the same office, 18—. Physicians. — Samuel Shepard, Henry Dearborn, and Charles S. Downs have practiced medicine here. Early Families.— Among the early families are mentioned those of Bartlett, Butler, Cilley, Colcord, Dearborn, Demeritt, Gerrish, Gile, Goodrich, Gove, 436 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Harvey, Kelsey, Langley, LuCy, McClary, McCrillis, Marsh, Neally, Norris, Scales, Simpson, Stevens, Tut- tle, Watson, and Winslow. CHAPTER LXIV. PLAISTOW. Geographical — Topographical — Petition for Town or Parish — Petition against being set off as a New Parish — Petition not to join with Mr. Hazen — Report of Haverhill Disti-ict — Petition of Haverhill District for New Parish — Petition for Special Act — Memorial of Col. James White and others — Other Petitions — Early Settlers — Congregational Church — Baptist Church — List of Representatives — Military Record. The town of Plaiatow lies in the southern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : On the north by Hampstead and Kingston, on the east by Kings- ton, Newton, and the State of Massachusetts, on the south by Massachusetts, and on the west by Massa- chusetts, Atkinson, and Hampstead. The surface of the town is rolling and the soil fertile, consisting of black loam, clay, and gravel. Plaistow was originally a part of Haverhill, Mass., and was included in the Indian purchase of 1642. It subsequently became annexed to New Hampshire, and was chartered as a separate parish Feb. 28, 1749. The following is a copy of the petition for incorpora- tion as a town or parish : Petition for a town or parish. To His Excellency Benning Wentworth Esqr. Gov- ernour and Commander in Cheif in and over his Majesty's Province of New Hamp" and the hon*" his Majestys Councill for said Province. Humbly Shew Your Petitioners Inhabitants in the westerly part of Haverhill District, That your Petitioners live at a Great Distance from any place where the Publick worship is maintained. That Our Situation is such as is Convenient for a Township or Parish But cannot conveniently be joyned with any other. That there are already Sixty or Seventy families here setled and more daily Setling who must be under very great Disadvantages with Eegard to the Publick worship of God unless we can obtain to have it Setled among Ourselves. We" therefore pray your Excellency & Honours that we may be Incorporated into a town or Parrish as you shall Judge most proper by the following Bounds Beginning at the westerly corner of Jonathan Stevens' land by the Islandy Pond and from thence to the Northwesterly Corner of Thomas Hales farm and from thence Southerly to the Province line so as to make this line half way between Mr. Cushing's Meeting house and John Watt's at Providence Brook or as near to half way as may be tho't Eeasonable, from thence westerly by y° Province line to the head of the District then Northerly so far as that an East line passing from the end of this Northerly line to the first mentioned Bounds shall Include all the Land to the Southward of Islandy Pond. And your Petitioners as in Duty Bound shall ever pray &c. John Watts Edward Carlton Seth Pattee Joseph Little Jun' Richard Patee John Currier Michah Araey James French Obediah Duston George Little Caleb Duston Samuel Watts Obediah Eastman Wyman Wise Alexander Gordon Thomas Cross John Watts Jun' Benjamin Wheeler Caleb Heath Stephen Wheeler Joseph Palmer Richard Heath James Heath John Duston Samuel Duston Philip Hite Moses Belknap Thomas Duston Philip Nelson William Morrison John Clements We the Subscribers Consent to the Lines mentioned in the petition of Daniel Little & others anything mentioned herein to y' contrary notwithstanding. John Pecker John Watts Petition against being set off as a new Parish. To His Excelency Bennen Wintworth Esqr. Capt. General and Governor in chief in and over the Province of New Hampshire, and to the Hon*"'" Councill of the same. The Humble Petition of us the Subscribers in our own behalf and others, belonging to the Westerly Part of Haverhill District that now belongeth To the Rev. Mr. James Cushings Parrish Humbly Sheweth, that it is our Desier and Prayer that we .may not be sep- arated in to' any other Town or Parrish (from the Easterly Part) of the District but that w>e may all be Incorporated in to a Town or Parrish (Excepting whai has bin voted off by the District To Timber lane) so that we may Injoy our Priviledge and Prop- rties for us and our children that we may have our meeting House and our Minister that we have bin at Great Cost and charges for building Seteling and maintaining for near Twenty years last Past and if your Excellency and the Hon" Councill think it proper to mak us a town with the Easterly Part of the District we Shall Leave that to your Hon" Wis- dom, other ways Pray that we may abide as we are and In fullfiUing our Desier and Humble Petition you will Greatly oblig your Sarvauts, Who as in Duty bound shall Ever Pray. Haverhill District December y' 29"" 1749 Beuj"" Richards James Noyes Jonathan Page John French John Dow Samuel Little Timothy Page Jonathan Page Junr. Caleb Page Junr. Joshua Knight PLAISTOW. 437 Ebenezer Knight Joseph Noyes Thomas Noyes John Knight Nathaniel Knight Jun. Joseph Page Daniel Whitticker Moses Belknap Joseph Little Junr. Eldad Ingalls Edmund Page Nath' Knight Abiel Knight Robert Greenough Humphrey Noyes Thomas Hale Timothy Ladd Caleb Page John AVebster Daniel Poor Jonathan Nelson Israel Webster Jonathan Clements Moses Page Petition of the Inhabitants in the West part of Haver hi// District desiring not to be incorporated. To his Excellency Bening Wentworth Esqr. Governor and Comander in Cheaf in and over his Majesties province of New hampshear in New England and to the Honourable his Majesties Council &c. We the Subscribers being inhabitance in the South west part of Haverhill District and Included within the Boundarys of the Last Petition brought forward by Capt. John Pecker and Mr. John Watts Consider- ing the small number of Inhabitance and the Low Sircumstanees that many of them Labours under it is our Humble opinion that we are no ways able to supporte the Gospell amongst ourselves at present therefore we Desier your Excellency and Honors to take our qase under your wise Consideration and not incorporate us into a town or Distinct parrisli accord- ing to the prayer of the above s'' Petition till we are better abell to bare the Charges for we are obliged by Contract to the Rev. Mr. Cushen and are not as yet set of from his Parish. Dated Haverhill District July y» 24'" 1749 Benj Richards John Corrier James Noyes Eldad Ingalls Jonathan Nelson Daniel Poor Daniul Flood John Webster Thomas Noyse Jr Jonathan Page Caleb Page Thomas Little Joseph Noyes Edmund Page Joseph Page Hog & others Petition not to Joyn with Mr. Hazzen ac- cording to his J'/an. To his Excelency Bennin Wintworth Esqr. and Hon- rable Counsel. We vour humble Pertisioners take Leave to Let you know part of our Greavies Coused by Mr. Rich- ard -Hazzen Pertisions and plan if he obtains wiH Cut and Carve our Land & privelage all to pieces who ware Orderly Settled on Kingstown Property & have a Petition Lodg with the Select men of our town in order to be set of as a parish. We pray that we may have the opertunity to Let your Excelency and Hon- rable Counsel know what the town does for us who ^re Lawful Setlars who can have now privelage in that Regard unless we have part of what is in his Plp,n. We subscribe ourselves yoor Humble Pertisinors. Kings' September 16'" 1740. James Huse Isrel Huse Jacob Gordy Daniel Hiberd Mesac Gordy Daniel Kid Jonathan Colby Israel Huse Junr. Orlando Colby William Straw Moses Tucker? John Pressey James Graves John Straw Jun. John Hog Philep Wells Joseph Dow Jacob Wells Reuben Clough Benjamin Tucker John Straw Jacob, Tucker John Bond Petition of Haverhill district for a new Parish. To His Excelency Bening Wintworth Esqr. Goviner and Commander in cheaf in and over his Majesties Province of New Hampshear in New England and to the Honourable His Majesties Councill &c. The Humble Petition of the Inhabitance in Haver- hill Destrict and Province afore s* Humbly sheweth, that we are so Remote from the Place of the Publick worship of God that we cannot attend on it unless with Create Difficulty and our other charges No Less Difficult. May it therefore Please your Excelency and Honours to t^ke our case under your wise Con- sideration and Incorporate us and all that Do or shall Inhabit with us and a sufficient Parcell of Land Into a town or Distinct Parrish so that we may sit up and maintain the worship of God amongst us and Carry on Such business as shall be Nessesary with the following Boundaries. Beginning at the Stake which stands in the Province Line near Jonathan Clements Dwelling House thence Running noth notheast till it strikes Haverhill norwest Line thence by s* Line till it Comes to the angle pond thence westerly to the wash Pond and so by the Wash pond brook to the Islande pond and so westerly to London Dary Line thence by s'' London dary Line till it comes to Me- thuen Line thence South easterly by Methuen Line till it comes to the province Line thence by the Pro- vince Line to the first Bounds mentioned and you will Gratly oblige your Humble Petitioners and we shal as in Duty bound for ever Pray &c. Peter Pattee Thomas Pope Richard Heath Benja Rawlings Joseph Little Caleb Page Thomas Little Benja Richards Moses Page John Dow Samuel Watts Edmund Page ^Stephen Dole Jonathan Page Paul Duston Joseph Page John Dustin Wyman Wise Alexander Gordon Daniel Whitaker Richard Patee Gershom Pike John Ingalls Nathan Morss 438 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Timothy Lad John Corour Henry Sargent Abraham Annas Timothy Page Thomas Dustin Obadiah Dustin Obadiah Eastman Jonathan Wheeler Benjamin Wheeler Stephen Wheeler Abner Wheeler Jonathan Wheeler junr John Corrier Junr John Watts Jun Nathaniel Watts Daniel Poor Moses Belknap Joseph Gile John Clement Daniel Flood Jonathan Hutchins Nathaniel Knight George Little John Watts Joseph Noyes Ebenezer Knight Joshua Knight James Noyes Humphrey Noyes Thomas Noyes John Knight Nathaniel Knight Jun Seth Patee Benjamin Heath Hazzen and others Petition for a Special Act, &c. Province of I To His Excellency Benning Went- New Hamp'* J worth Esqr. Governor and Com- mander in chief in & over s'* Pro- vince of New Hampshire, The Hon'''^ His Majesties Council & House of Representatives in Gen- eral Court assembled at Portsmouth August 1744 Humbly Shew the Subscribers That sometime in the months of September October or November last many persons liveing in Haverhill District in s'* Province or near to the same in the Town of Haver- hill had severall of their Cattle taken out of their fields, or pastures and kill'd also Severall Swarms of Bees were stolen & the Honey carry'd off by some thievish and ill minded persons, as also axes Poultry of all sorts & other things. That severall of the hides were found in that part of s* District which is Commonly called Rumford Parish either hid in barns under y' hay, or in other dark holes with the head and horns cut off" for which reason with many other evidences we are well satis- fled, the actors of these thefts & Robberies live most of them in s'* District or Parish. That forasmuch as these actions are for the most part committed in the dark where positive evidences can scarcely ever be had, it is very hard & difficult to detect & convict the criminals in the Ordinary course and Method of the Law, ,by which means the Guilty are become verry bold & daring in their evil practices and the sufferers not like to have any recompense unless Some further provision in the law can be made. We therefore Earnestly request your Excellency & Honours to Compassionate our distressed circum- stances and afford us releif either by making Some act to bring suspected persons & their aiders & assist- ants on their oaths which we humbly conceive has been of Great Service in Trespass or Otherwise as your Excellency & Honours in your known wisdom goodness and piety shall think best & for your Ex- cellency & Honours your Humble petitioners as in duty bound shall ever pray &c. Stephen Huse Daniel Bradley James McHardhad stolen 3 fatt Catle & on Hors & Cow Samuel White Jun Richard Hasseltine Samuel Johnson Stephen Dow Stephen Wheteaker William Stevens Nehemiah Stevens Peter Morse Richard Hazzen Joshua Bayley had stolen a swarm of Bees Edward Flint Edmund Greenleaf Nathaniel Walker David Marsh James Pearson Jno Mitchel James How lost a swarm of Bees Benja Grele Jacob Chase swarm of bees John Pecker on cowe Willm Folnsby Nathan Heseltine Natthan Merrill Hbner Kimball Richard Emerson Abraham Kimball John Molton Jonathan Shepard Nehemiah Emerson James Emerson Joseph Litel? William Johnson Jun. Samuel Wontes Henry Herring Obadiah Parry James Ayer one swarm of bees Abiel Foster Samuel White Edward CaltonJun. Benja Gale Henery Springier Nathaniel Balch Solomon Springier Daniel Nathaniel March Jonathan Springier James Wise Edward pees Hoit (?) Isaac Johnson James Black John White Jun. Joseph Atwood Moses How Joseph Patten Jas Pecker Nathaniel Knowlton Isaac Dalton Obediah Emerson Thos Little Jonathan Webster Oliver Sanders Frink Ebenr Belnap John Osgood Jun. Jonathan Leafkin Daniel Poor Jonathan March William Sam.son Moses Hazzen Benjamin Richards Daniel Davies Nath Cogswell Joseph Clement Obadiah Bellknap Wm Handcook Thomas FoUansbe Timothy Emerson Jonathan Stevens Job. Stewart, on fat cowe stolen Alexandr Cambil on fat cowe Memorial of Col. James White and others. Province of 1 To his Excellency John Wentworth New Harap^' J Esq' Governor the Honourable his Majesties Council and Representa- tives of said Province in General Court assembled. The Memorial of James White and others humbly sheweth PLAISTOW. 439 Whereas by a late act of Law of this Province the Town of Plaistow is Divided and part of it become a JNew and Separate Parish, which Includes our Houses and Lands, we apprehend that our Situation and other Circumstances will render it very Difficult for us to become members of the said New Parish. And It being Just and reasonable to allow all men free- dom and Liberty with respect to the choice of a society wherein to join in Public worship!— We therefore Pray that your Excellency and Honours will according to your wonted favours Enact and order that we with our Estates may be set off from said new Parish, be annex'd and belong to said Plaistow (old Parish) in the Same manner as hereto- fore. And we as in Duty bound Shall ever Pray. Sep' 1767 James White John Webster Israel Webster John Webster Jun. Jonathan Eatton Moses Page Jonathan Webster William Webster Daniel Whiticker Daniel Poor Daniel Poor Jan. Jonathan Page Stephen Noyes Humphrey Noyes Robart Greenough Petition for release from support of Hugh Potter. Province of i To His Excellency the Governor to New Hamp" J Hon"'* His Majestys Council, and the House of Representatives of said Province in General Court assembled May y" 18'" A Domini 1774 In behalf of the Town of Plaistow in the County Rockingham in said Province — the Petition of the Selectmen and Overseers of the Poor of said Town of Plaistow Humbly Sheweth, That about Twenty years Since one Hugh Potter, a very aged man, without leave or liberty orderly had, or obtained, froili Said Town, or the Selectmen there- of. Did come into and Obtrude himself upon the said Town of Plaistow by takeing residence therein, & dwelling there to this day — That according to the best accounts from the said Potter he was a native of Great Britain & had never gained a legal settlement elsewhere. That from Early life till near the time of his Coming into said Plaistow he the said Potter had been in his Majestys Service both by sea & land, and that he had been in several Fights as long ago as in y" Reign of Queen Ann &c. and that by reason of y'' s'* Hughs account of & about himself he was not legally warned to depart out of the Said Town of Plaistow. That the said Hugh Potter has been unable to support & maintain himself ever since his residence in said Town. That for Seventeen years last past the said Hugh Potter hath been maintained & supported at the Public Cost & charge of y" s* Town of Plaistow, that the Cost & charge thereof has not been less thap Eleven pounds lawful money p' an" for several years past, and is now increasing So as greatly to Distress,, & burthen the s'' Town &c. Wherefore the petitioners in behalf of said Town of Plaistow Humbly pray yr. Excel"^ & Hon" to take y" premises under consideration and in your great goodness Grant and make an order that the s* Hugh Potter may for the future be maintained, & supported at the Cost & charge of this, his Majestys Province of New Hampshire & that the said Town of Plaistow be no longer Chargeable with his support, and likewise favor us on account of y" charges we have been at in time past or such other way & manner as your Ex- cel°y & Hon" shall think best to relieve y" s^ Town & the Pet" as in duty bound shall ever pray &c. Plaistow May y» 17'" 1774 Joseph Welch \ Selectmen & David Stevens Y Overseers of ye° EzEKiEL GiLE ) Poor of Plaistow In Council May 18, 1774 The Petition was read and ordered to be sent down to the Hon'"^ Assembly Geo. King, Dep. Sec. In the House of Representatives May 19'" 1774 The within Petition Read & Considered and Voted that it be Dismissed. M. Weare, Clerk. Selectmen of Plaistow's Petition about a Constable. To His Excellency Bening Wentworth Esqr. Capt. General and Governor In chief In and over His Majesties Province of New hampshire, To the Honor' Council and Representatives in said Prov- ance, in Gen' Assembly Convened, y" 3* day of Dec-- 1754. The Petition of the Subscribers to your Excellency and Hon'^ Humbly Sheweth, that at the annuall Town Meeting held in Plastow by adjournment from the Laste Wensday of March Laste in this Present year then and their Was chosen to the offis of a Con- stabell for the year then Ensuing Moses Belknap and also by Vote of the Town Samuel Kimbell who was one of our Constabel for the year paste was ea;cepted of to serve as Constable Present year in the Eoome of Benjamin Pettingall who was chosen Constabel at our firste meeting, so it Hapned our Town Clarke Lieu' Thomas Hale omitted Cuming to meeting at our adjornment and Refuseth to Record these men as Constabels Because there was no Clark chosen Pro*"" for that Day to Return the Votes to him. As to their being Legally chosen £'a;cepted of by the Town and sworn it can be attested to not onely by the Moder- ator but by the Town then present the Town not Noing the Nesesety of a Clerk it was omitted and their ariseth a Dispute in the Town that wee have no Constabels Notwithstanding the Moderators giveing them in to the Town Clerk upon oath and they have ofisiated in thejr offis by serving warrants and wee have Committed a Tax or Assessment to them. 440 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. If your Excellency and Hon" would Compassion- ate ouer Surcumstaijces and Releave us under ouer Present Deflculty as in your Wisdom shall think beste. Samuel Little , Selectmen for Plastow John Webster Thomas Cheney Province of New Hamp"J th 1 Plastow April ye 2, 1754. At the annuall town meeting J March Last the meeting being opened at time and place, By vote of the town Mr. Sami Kimball ie Except of to serve as Con- stable this year Ensuing In the Place of Mr; Benjamin Pettengel who was chosan Constabel at our Last meeting Past on the Last Wenaday of March. By vote of the town Mr. Moses Belknapp is chosen Constabel for the west part of y« town for the year Ensewing. Jonathan Page chosen tithingman Steven Dole Hogreaf. the meeting adjourn to the 8'^^ of Aprill Instants at 2 of the clock in the after Nuon the town Clark not present Nicholas White, Moderator Vote 0/ SaverhiU District to set off T mberlain^ At a Legal District meeting Holdcn at the old meeting House in said District on february ye 9th 1747^ on the behalf of a Petition from Tim- berlane so called with their Desire to be set oif into a Destinct Parish by themselves as foUoweth viz : Beginning at Jonathan Stevens South West corner bound near the Islande Pond then Running by the East- erly Side of Clements Land to his South Easterly Bound then Running by the Northerle side of Caleb Heaths and John Dustans Land to the Brook tliat runs from Emersona mill, then Running by the Southely side of Oapt. George Littles and Thomas Littles Land to his Easterly corner Bounds which is in Cloughs Medow, then Running to the North- westerly corner of Thomas Hales Land and on the northerly side of said Hale's land and from the North Easterly corner thereof to the near- est Place in Almesbury Line. The said Timber lane ware set of by a vote according to the Bounds above mentioned excepting Capt. George Little and his Son Thomas and Joseph and their Lands to be kept on the South of their Line. A True Coppe Taken from the Book Thomas Hale District Clerk Early Settlers.— The following is a list of the in- habitants of Plaistow in 1764: Tristram Knight James Little Ezekwap Belknap Moses Kelly Stephen Dole John Ingalls Reuben Mills Joshua Kelly Benjamin Emery John Stevens Nath"' Watts David Currier Joseph Hale Jesse Page Benjamin Richards Daniel Richards Benja Richards Jun Benj Stone Jun"' Aaron Copp Robert Greenough Rbert (?) Morrill Joseph Knight John Merrill Tristram Knight Oliver Knight John Kelly Enoch Noyes Benja Hale Benj Stone John Trnsell Jonathan Hunt Stevens Merrill Joseph Smith Richard Greanough Ebenezer Eatton Aaron Coop James Little Nathaniel Peabody Stephen Noyes Jonathan Stevens Jun John Brown Samuel Little Nathapoiel Little John French Joseph French Ebenezer Knight Joseph Knight Jun Joshua Knight Mical Chaplen Enoch Noyes James Noyes Robert Heath Joseph Noyes Thomas Noyes Caleb Noyes Asa Page James White Ebenezer .Johnson Joseph Parker Sam'' Lowel John Lowel Richard Brown Daniel Poor William Brown Benj Philbrek Jun Eben' Chaplen Jon"" Poor Josiph Daves Tristram Knight John Knight Junr Jonathan Stevens Oliver Knight Elipalet Knight Stephen Knight Jonathan Whitaker John Dow John Dow Jun. Moses Dow Jonathan Page Daniel Page Benj Richards Daniel Richards Joseph Richards Bradley Richards Edmund Page Jesse Page Nath'^i Page Benj Emory Eldad Ingals John Ingals Joseph Hills Ordway Stephen Dole Abner Plumer Peter Harriman John Harriman Moses Greenough Joshua Knight John Dow Stephen Whittaker John Morriir Micajah Morrill Thomas Whitaker Stephen Knight John Dow Jun'' Ebenezer Knight Richard Brown William Brown Samuel Little Joseph Little Leonard Harriman Nehemiah Heath Edmund Page Thomas Whitaker Stephen Whitaker Benj' Richards Jun. John Morrill Miciah Morrill Jon* Poor Daniel Poor Jun. Stephen Knight Oliver Knight Asa Page Joseph Noyes Samuel Little John Dole John Dole Richard Heath Thomas Little Thomas Little Jun. John Kelly Moses Kelly William Kelly Reuben Mills Jonathan Eatton John Webster Israel Webster Daniel Poor David Poor Jeremiah Poor Daniel Merrill Moses Page James Page Joseph Page John Webster Jun. Jonathan Webster Timothy Page William Webster Samuel Webster Daniel Whittaker Daniel Hadley David Currier Joseph Hale Timothy Page Jun. Eb' Page Natha Wats Nath' Burpey Jeremiah Burpey John Morrill Micajah Morrill Stephen Whittker Moses Whittker Thomas Whittker Benj Richards Jun. Joseph Emerson Benj Philbrick Josep Philbrick PLAISTOW. 441 Joseph Parmer Thomas Chaney Asa Harriman Joseph Chanler -Moses Poor Joshua Kelly Moses Belknap JEzkiel Belknap Jacob Page Mical Tinney John Emorson Joseph Little Joshua Emory Benj Emory James Mirrill Timothy Ladd Asa Haseltine Currier " There is 130 men's Heads above sixteen in the west end of the town of Plaistow. There is eighty- seven Famalys in the west of the Town of Plaistow." (Colonial Records, Dec. 3, 1767). Number of People in Atkinson and Plastow in 1767 or '68.— Plastow, 576 people; rateable heads, 142 ;- rateable land, 421 acres. Atkinson, 476 people ; rateable heads, 118 ; rateable land, 401 acres. List of Baptists in Plaistow in 1768 (Sup- posed). — Those that Profess themselves of y" Baptist Perswation which in all Parrish afairs have appeared against y', Peace & welfair of our minister and his society are as follows : Joseph Flint Daniel Emerson Nehemiah Heath Abner Plummer Job Eatton Bartholomew Heath Joseph Harriman Joseph Harriman Jr James Bly Joseph Smith Jonathan Smith John Pollard Daniel Ayer Simon FoUansbe Edmond Pilsbury Joseph Welch John Copp Moses Orway Enoch Johnson John Stevens Stevens Merrill Ebenezer Noyes Selvenes Noyes Moses Stevens Jun. Stephen Flanders Samuel Welch James Huse Samuel Dow John Trusel Widow Dow The Hole of ye Inhabitence Besides the above men- tioned which was Rated in y" Last minister Rate which has Ben made are 70 Seventeen of which has ben taken Notice in Town meetings to joyn with y'' Baptists in voting 4 of which are widows & some stands as Nuters. Congregational Church. — This church was organ- ized Nov. 4, 1730, and was originally styled " the Church in the North Precinct of Haverhill, Mass." It was composed of fifty-nine members from the First Church in Haverhill. The first pastor was Rev. James Cushing, who was ordained Dec. 2, 1730, and continued as pastor for thirty years. He died May 13, 1764. He was suc- ceeded in the pastorate by Rev. Sylas Merrill, or- dained March 6, 1764, and died April 27, 1801. After the death of Mr. Merrill this church was without a settled pastor twenty-five years. Dec. 26, 1826, Rev. Moses Welch became pastor and served until Feb. 2, 1831. He was followed by Rev. S. H. Peckham, who was installed Feb. 23, 1831, and remained until 1838. After Mr. Peckham's removal, Rev. David Oliphant supplied the pulpit until 1852 ; Rev. Charles Tenney, 1853-58; Homer Barrows, 1858-69; Calvin Terry, 1869-75 ; David Bremer, 1875-79 ; Joseph Kyte, 1879 to present time. In 1887 a neat and commodious church edifice was erected in place of the old structure; which had be- come unfit for use. The Baptist Church was organized in the year 1836. Pastors, "Benjamin Wheeler, James W. Rus- sell, John M. Chick, John Peacock, Lewis Barrows, Cyrus Tibbetts, Alexander M. Higgins, Theodore W. Sheppard, Alford Colburn, William Hurlin, Oliver P. Fuller, Horace G. Hubbard, present pastor. Church erected 1840. REPRESENTATIVES FROM 1775 TO 1882. 1775. Joseph Welch, 1828, Henry Tucker. 1776. No record. 1829, Atkinson sends. 1777. .^tkinsun sends instead of 1830, Moges F. Peaslee. Plaistow, 1831, Atkinson sends. 1778. Joseph Welch. 1832. Moses F. Peaslee. 1779. Atkinson sends. 1833, Atkinson sends. 1780. Ezekiel Gile. 1834, Moees F, Peaslee, 1781. Atkinson sends. 1835. Nathaniel Clark. 1782. Nathaniel Peabody, 1836. Nathaniel Clark. 1783. Atkinson sends. 1837, Joseph Pollard. 1784. Nathaniel Peabody, 1838, Joseph Pollard. 1786. Atkinson Bends, 1839. John B, Peaslee. 1786. Joseph Welch, 1840. James G. George. 1787. Atkinson sends. 1841, James G. Genrge. 1788. Nathaniel Peabody, 1842. Rutin Peaslee. 1789. Atkinson sends. 1843. Stephe Bodger. 1790. Joseph Smith, 1844. Rutin Peaslee. 1791. At&inson sends. 1846. Joseph N. George. 1792. Jonathan Wingat, 1846, Not represented. 1793. Atkinson sends. 1847. Levi B. Tucker. 1794. Abil Foster, 1848. Daniel Harriman. 1796 Atkinson sends. 1849. Levi B. Tucker. 1796. Jonathan Payson. 1860. Ephraim White. 1797. Atkinson sends. 1861. Joseph Noyes. 1798. Ezekil Gile, 1862. Joseph Noyes. 1799. Atkinson sends. 1863. Richard Welch. 1800 John White, 1864. John E. Bly. 1801 Atkinson sends. 1855, Not represented. 1802. Joseph Welch. 1866, John E. Bly. 1803 Atkinson sends. 1867. Hiram Smart, Jr. 1804, Ezekil Gile. 1858, ■Hiram Smart, Jr. 1806 Atkinson sends. 1859, Nathaniel K, Kelley. 1806 James Noyes. 1860, Nathaniel K. Kelley. 1807. Atkinson sends. isei. William H. Hills, 1808. Nathaniel Clark. 1862 William H, Hills, 1809 Atkinson sends. 1863. Stephen Bodger, 1810, James Noyes. 1864. leairah A. Hnrd. 1811. Atkinson sends. 1865. Isairah A, Kurd. 1812. Nathan Kimball, 1866, Auios C, Clement, 1813 Atkinson sends. 1867. Amus C, Clement, 1814. Nathan Kimball, 1868. Oilman Harris, 1815. Atkinson sends. 1869. Gilman Harris, 1816. Rutin Ppaslee, 1870. John N, Sleeper, 1817. Atkinson .'^ends. 1871. John N, Sleeper. 1818. Henry Tucker. 1872. Charles H. Bradley. 1819. Atkinson sends. 1873. Hezekiah H. Cheney. 1820. Rutin Peaslee, 1874. Muses B. Dow. 1821. Atkinson sends. 1875. Moses B. Dow. 1822, Henry Tucker. 1876. James M. Davis. 1823. Atkinson sends. 1877. James M. Davis. 1824. Henry Tucker. 1878. Charles W. Oass, 1826, Atkinson sends. 1879. Charles W. Cass. 1826. Edward Brown, 1880. Thomas J. Nichols. 1827. Atkinson sends. 1881. Thomas J. Nichols. Atkinson sends representatives one year and Plais- tow the other until 1835 or 1836. 442 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. MIIilTART RECORD, 1861-65. Frederick P. Eaton. Jacob F. Stevans. Isaiah Kelley. Alfred Kelley, Jr. George F. Golden. James D. Colden. David Langmaid. Frank W. Shannon. George E. Shannon. Greenleaf C. George. Capt. Jesse E. George. George M. Wilson. Isaac Howard Hall. Richard H. Brunell. Warren Clongh. Capt. Richard Welch. Herain Carleton, Jr. Walter S. Shannon. . Isaac B. Clifford. Ingram J. Cummings. Greenteaf R. Cummings. Franklin Burnham. Rendal F. Cass. » Hale Gage. Andrew Sweatser. Jesse E. Harriman. William H. Tripp. Charles Godkin. Nathaniel Thompson. Elbridge G. Tucker. Charles '%\'. Cass. Moses Kimball. Charles W. Bradley. Benjamin G. Flanders. Stephen F. Godkin. Herbert H. Sargent. Isaac N. Cass. James W. Drew. Charles A. Dow. Henry A. Dow. George W. Kelley. Edward A. Sleeper. Charles Sprague. Frank Roberta. Samuel Hail. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. NATHANIEL K. KELLY. Among the representative physicians of the gener- ation just passing from our midst, Dr. Nathaniel Knight Kelly has been one of whom some words should be said in this connection. Plain, unassum- ing, attentive to all duties, with love to God shown in his painstaking care of any whom he could re- lieve, he may well be called, par excellence, " the beloved physician.'' None have enjoyed stronger friendships or won the lasting love and esteem of, a better class of people. Better than any words of ours, we subjoin, as typical of the man, a short auto- biographical sketch'furnished for this purpose : " I was born Sept. 14, 1800, and consequently I am now about eighty-two years old. My parents were poor, and although quite willing, yet they were unable to help me to get an education. I had some two months in a year in which I could go to our dis- trict school for about ten or twelve years. In the year 1821 I entered the academy at Atkinson, then under the care of Francis Vose, but after a few weeks I left to take charge of the winter school in my own district. This was my first effort at school-teaching, and °my main qualification was that I thought I knew a very little more than my few little ones. My compensation was ten dollars per month, and my father boarded me free. In the spring, with about twenty dollars in my pocket, I went back to Atkin- son and paid up for my board and tuition the last fall, and entered the academy again, then under the care of Jacob Cummings, a most excellent teacher. I commenced Latin, with the intention of fitting for college; and thus, studying in summer and teaching in winter, I nearly made ends meet, and with such helps as my parents could give as to clothing I got along some two or three years, until I was nearly fitted for college. But in June, before entering, I was taken down with fever, and did not resume my studies until late in the summer; and although fitted for college, I made no attempt to enter, fgaring that my health would break ' down. By the advice of friends, but sorely against my will, and with poverty staring me in the face, I entered my name, with some four or five others, as a student of medicine, under the care of Dr. I. B. Hovey. With him, and under the care of some of the teachers of the Medical School of Maine, I spent nearly four years, and graduated honorably at Bowdoin College in the year 1828. I went immediately into a hard country practice in my native town, and soon into the surrounding towns, and I was never in want of business. I had the care of nearly every family in town for more than fifty years, and for a great part of this time I had nearly as much more business in adjoining towns. This was no doubt owing, in part at least, to the fact that I never cared much about money. Medical fees forty years ago were very moderate, yet I was nearly up with my neighbors as to price; but I always de- termined that my patients should get well, cost me what it would. I never left a patient because he was poor. * " It was a custom in early days to attend professional men and their families free. During the war of the Rebellion I never charged returned sick soldiers anything. "There is only one remarkable thing in my case, and that is, I am out of debt. "When I was a pupil I read Prof R. Murrey's ad- dress to his class, in which he says, ' If you practice medicine, make it your whole business.' This has always seemed to rae good common sense; and with the exception of two short terms of absence in the New Hampshire Legislature, 1859 and 1860, and some years' service on school committee in my native town, I have followed Dr. Murrey's advice to the letter. I united with the Congregational Church of Plaistow in 1827, and have, without neglecting my patients, attended nearly all the regular church ap- pointments for more than fifty years, although I have lived two miles from my place of worship. I have no sympathy with those who have so much business that they cannot attend church. ' Where there is a will there is generally a way.' I have been wonder- fully blessed in my domestic affairs. I was married the first tim'e, Sept. 19, 1836, to Miss Anna Dow, daughter of the late John Dow, Esq., of Atkinson, N. H. She died Aug. 25, 1863. My second marriage was to Mary S. Peaslee, June 8, 1868, who still lives. She was the daughter of the late Dr. Peaslee, of Kingston, N. H. (see biography of L. D. Peaslee, Kingston), and was a teacher in Brooklyn, N. Y., for twenty-eight years. I know not the object or need of this sketch of my life, and must say ' Cui bono'' until JfoM^i^^-^^-c'^ (fl'^^lei/hy/c RAYMOND. 443 these lines are made to show some ' footprints on these sands' below. " I am old, my sight is poor, and my hand so un- steady that I have written this imperfect sketch with much pain.'' CHAPTER LXV. RAYMOND.i Geographical — Topographical — Purchase of the Town — The Survey — First Sett1emei>A — Names of Pioneers — Incorporation of Town — First Town-Meeting — Officers elected — Documentary History — Early Fami- lies — Physicians. The town of Raymond lies in the western part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Nottingham and Deerfield, on the east by Epping and Fremont, on the south by Chester, and on the west by Chester and Candia. It contains sixteen thousand three hundred and seventeen acres. The surface is generally level and the soil fertile. Dudley's Purchase. — The territory embraced within the present bounds of this town was pur- chased of the Indians by Col. Dudley in 1817. The grantors were Penniwit and Abigail, his squaw. In March of the following year, Col. Dudley sold one-eighth of his purchase to James Dudley, Jr., father of Judge Dudley, and his brothers, Samuel and Joseph. The price paid was three pounds. In 1722, Dudley disposed of four hundred acres more of his purchase. The First Settlements were made between the years 1720 and 1730. As is seen. Col. Dudley was the active spirit in the settlement, but it is doubtful if he was ever a permanent settler. He was a shoemaker by trade, and died in Exeter in 17.34, aged forty-six. The town was surveyed in 1728, and divided into one hundred and forty lots of one hundred acres each. 1744. There is a record, which we think reliable, that Samuel Dudley was here at this date, his oldest son having been born about that year. He lived where the judge afterwards lived. In 1745, Samuel Healey settled in the west part. His house was east of what is now the Jersey road, in Candia. 1750. About this date David Bean came from Kingston. He was brother of Lieut. Benjamin Bean, who came soon after. 1751. Elisha Towle was from Hawke, now Dan- ville. In 1752, Lieutenant Benjamin Bean came from Kingston. Jedediah and Jonathan Brown, from Seabrook, came to the Page road. Maj. Josiah Fogg, from Hampton. » 1 Condensed principally from the late Joseph FuUonton's excellent " History of Raymond." Daniel Robie, from Hampton Falls, settled where the late J. Fullonton resided. 1753. Daniel Todd was originally from Ireland. 1754. Daniel Holman was from West Epping. He had lived below, but was disposed to move west- ward with civilization. His small house in Epping was not far from Thomas Folsom's, and was the first built west of the river. In Raymond he lived on Oak Hill, just above the Abbotts. 1755. Robert Page was from Pagetown, in North Hampton, and about the same date, John and James Fullonton came from Epping. John built a log house, which had no glass or doors, properly such. James built back from the highway. The first operations were at Freetown mills, and some were early in the Branch District. The veritable, shrewd, humorous " Maj. .lack Downing" said, " It is well to begin at the beginning of things, and we shall get through better." We go to the south part of the Branch road, and then progress north. On the Ray- mond side of Chester line Benjamin True, from Salis- bury, built a house. He was the father of the late Capt. Benjamin True, who lived in the edge of Chester. Barton Pollard lived near the Todd place, and the Moores were early on the farm still called by the name. On the Currier farm the Merrills flour- ished, and in 1795, Gideon Currier, from Chester, came into possession. He became, in his day, per- haps the largest landholder in town. About the time of the Revolutionary war, Samuel Poor and his sons Samuel and Ebenezer came from West Newbury. They began on what are now two farms still in the name of Poor. John Prescott Lovering came from Exeter to Fre- mont, then to what is here known as the Lovering place, about the commencement of the Revolutionary war. His son Daniel, a grandson, the late Capt. Daniel, and finally a son of the captain, the present Moses L. Lovering, also dwelt here. Jacob York came from Lee to what is now called York's Corners in 1795. It is said that near this corner Clement Moody early settled. No one lived nearer than "the Rocks," in Poplin, now Fremont, and when fire was lost it was necessary to go to " the Rocks" to get it. At the old Bean house, opposite Widow John Bean's, not only the town-meetings were held till a meeting-house was built, but the meetings for preach- ing. Near George S. Robbie's, Stephen Prescott, from Hampton, built a house in the woods about 1775. Some years later he raised a barrel of potatoes, which was then thought a great crop. Stephen Osgood, a grandson, flourished there, and for years he put much in motion in this part of the town. Ebenezer Cram, afterwards deacon, came from Hampton Falls in 1868, and located near here. His brother Benjamin located where .Josiah B. Cram lives ; another brother, John, on Mr. Moulton's place, near the Gove school- -444 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. house. Afterwards John and Ebenezer changed farms. John, in time, moved to Pittsfield. Easterly of the school-house, where the old road was, lived Joseph White. A man up north, Capt. John Fullonton, lost his wife, who charged him, be- fore her death, not to marry Molly, who lived at Dea- con Cram's. The man thus charged had a mind to do so, however, and at dusk the captain would be seen wending his way to where Molly lived. Mr. White, knowing the case, thought to frighten him out of it. So one night, as the captain was already in the door-yard, anticipating an interview with his intended bride, White appeared, wrapped in a sheet, as if the ghost of the departed wife from the graveyard below. The captain did not believe in witches, hobgoblins, or ghosts. He was aware that "true love does not run smooth," but will run regardless of difficulties. Molly he meant to have in spite of the devil and all his works, so he gave chase. White fled, carrying the sheet on his arm, and ran home for fear of a beating. Lieut. Jonathan Dearborn, from Stratham, came here about 1763. Just north of Capt. Tilton's road lived Benjamin Fox, — afterwards north of Oak Hill. Down the back road, near Epping line, lived Joseph and Moses Cass. Some confidently believe the late Gen. Lewis Cass was son of one of these. The general was born, however, in Exeter, and his father was Jonathan Cass. Eliph- alet Folsom came from Exeter in 1770. His brother John dwelt at the foot of Oak Hill. On the Hill, besides Holman, already named, lived Jacob Smith, who moved from Epping to Nottingham, then here. The Abbotts have a large dwelling on the place. Half a mile above John Bachelder had a house, of which the fireplace formed a considerable part. It would take in a back-log five feet long and two feet in diameter, a forestick six feet long, and other wood to match, in all nearly a cord. Mr. Bachelder was from Hampton Falls. Going south, near the foot of the hill, Daniel Pevere, from Hampton Falls, early settled. On the place where J. Corson once lived Moses Sanborn resided. John Brown, father of Joseph, came later with his father John, from Hampton. A few rods north of Harriman's lived John Montgomery, from Ireland. Asa Harrimau, a native of Rowley, Mass., came from Epping about 1783. Opposite the Harriman house Nathaniel Dudley, son of the judge, built. After he left, James Dudley occupied the place for a time, then moved to the Branch. East, in the Blake field, lived Benjamin Prescott. Reuben Tilton, from Hampton Falls, came to where Dudley Harriman lived for years about 1770. John Stevens came here not far from the same time. Ste- vens' first house was back towards the river, after- wards the old Stevens house on the road. Where Grifiin's mill is a saw-mill was built, we think, by some of the Dudleys. Joseph Dudley, brother of the judge, lived there ; also a Mr. Wells. Where David Griffin owns, Alexander McClure set- tled. His son Alexander lived on the late Martha McClure's place, beyond the " Long Hill." Nicholas Gilman, from Kingston, was an early settler. His first dwelling was in the woods. Isaac Tucker, grandfather of the late Barnard and Gen. H. Tucker, went first from Philadelphia to Portsmouth ; thence to this place about the time of the Revolution. Daniel Richardson, the ancestor of several of that name here, was from Newbury Old Town about 1765. Caleb Smith lived in the Dudley district. He was chosen one of the selectmen. Near the Gile school-house lived Jesse Gile, from Haverhill, Mass., and at the right David Brown, from Chester. John Leavitt early settled nearly opposite the Hodgkins place. Manoah Scribner, from Fremont, came to the Scrib- ner place about 1787. A Mr. Palmer lived at the northwest of the pond, and Jonathan Smith, father of Dean_ Smith, had a log house near Healy's Moun- tain. Asa Heath lived northerly of the Green, and Samuel Healey in the vicinity. Jonathan Woodman came from Candia early in the present century. He was a descendant of Peter Woodman, who lived at Kingston nearly one hundred and fifty years ago. John Lane, from Rye, came to Chester, a mile south of here, in 1749. He owned land here, and on it his sons Nathan, Ezekiel, Daniel, David, and Jonathan settled. Deacon Wason was from Chester about 1800. Matthias Haines lived in the Wason district. The Abbotts in town descended from Ephraim, from Fremont, who lived on the Rye road to the Green. On the road east of the Gile school-house settled the Bachelders, from Hampton Falls, — Josiah, Jona- than, and David. South of Hazen Bachelder's lived Samuel Peavey. The Kimballs were from Exeter. Josiah Moulton, the first who settled here, was from Hampton Falls. Farther down, where the road divides, lived Henry Thresher, who came from Hamp- ton about 1775. His son David followed, but after- ward moved to Candia. Early Roads.— The first road laid out in Ray- mond was March 10, 1748. It began near where Mr. Knowles now lives in Chester, and followed a path through the Branch district to what is now Fremont line, below J. Elliott's. Sept. 22, 1749. From a road on the north of wath is now Chester to Wason district to Candia line. This passed a saw-mill called Chatauga, a corruption of an Indian word signifying foggy place. May 5, 1750. From below Marden's, in Chester, into Raymond, east of the Dean" Smith place, called the Todd road. May 5, 1750. Near Osgood True's, by what is called the Dudley place. Aug. 21, 1752. Fremont line to Freetown Mills. RAYMOND. 445 Oct. 18, 1757. North of Capt. Tilton's road by the gate that hung near Oilman Folsom's, by Timothy Osgood's to Epping line. June 12, 1759. From Freetown Mills, by the Cen- ter, to Dudley's Mill in the west part. June 12, 1759. From Oilman Folsom's, over Oak Hill, to Nottingham line.- June 13, 1759. Freetown Mill to school-house near Timothy Osgood's. June 14, 1760. Outlet of Jones pond to Center. Sept. 3, 1760. Dudley's Mill to Candia line near Mr. Critchet's. Dec. 9, 1761. Page road. March 24, 1763. North side of Chester to where Henry D. Lane lately lived. Incorporation of Town. — The first recorded ac- tion of which we have any record concerning the or- ganization of this town was a vote of the town of Chester, Jan. 26, 1763, " that a part of said township, commonly called Free Town, might be incorporated into a new parish." March 1, 1764, a petition for the incorporation of the town was presented to the Governor and Provin- cial Assembly, signed by the following persons : Daniel Gordon, Jr. Daniel Hulman. Elisba Towle. Jonathan Brown. Simeon Berry. Nfiah moulton. Wadleigh Cram. Joseph glgiles (Giles). Daniel Lane. Ezekiel Lane. David Lane. Nathan Moulton. Josiah Fogg. Daniel Clay. Stephen nmrden. Obadiah GrifBn. Moses Sanborn. Caleb Rowe. Robert Page. John Sweet. Daniel Robie. James Clay. Slephen Wilson. Jethro Batchelder. Benj. Whitiier. Clement BoUof. Daniel Jorden (Gordon). John Cram. Al'^xander Mel (McClure). Stephen Fogg. Benjamin Smith. James Fullonton. Samuel Cram. John Stevens. Jonathan Dearborn. Benia Bean (Benjamin) Curtis Bean. Isaac Clifford. Paul Smith Marston. Benjamin Prescott. John Fullonton. John Wells. John Prescott Downs. William Todd. Timothy Clough. Ezekiel Smith. David Bean. Alexander Smith. Barton Pollard. David Bean, Jr. Nathaniel Ethridge. Enoch Fogg. The First Town-Meeting.— The first town-meet- ing was held at Benjamin Bean's inn May 29, 1764, when the following officers were elected : Moderator, Samuel Dudley ; Town Clerk, Ezekiel Smith ; Select- men, Caleb Eowe, Samuel Dudley, and Eobert Page; Constable, Benjamin Whittier ; Auditors and Asses- sors, Stephen Fogg, Joseph Dudley, and Ezekiel Lane ; Surveyors of Highways, Josiah Fogg, Jonathan Dear- born, Joseph Dudley, Simon Bayard, and Clement DoUoflf; Haywards, Stephen Thurston, Jonathan Dearborn, Joseph Smith,. Curtis Bean, Samuel Phil- brick, and Daniel Scribner; Tithingmen, James Ful- lonton, N. Ethridge, Moses Whittier, and Joseph Dud- ley; Deer Inspectors, John Sweatt, John Stevens; Surveyors of Lumber, Benjamin Bean and Alexander Smith; Pound-keeper, John Smith. Early Families. — The Dudley family. This family has been identified with the history of this town from the earliest date to the present. It has a noble his- tory in the town, in the State, in some other States, and in England, before any of them came across the waters. We have seen what offices the town con- ferred here. One also was judge. In colonial times two were Provincial Governors, and in the old country it was an English historical name. There were barons, bishops, and knights of Dudleys, from 1376 to 1460. And later, one wore a crown for a few days. The ancestor of the Dudley family here was Thomas Dudley, who came to Massachusetts in 1630, and was Governor of the province. Joseph Dudley, son of Governor Thomas, was also provincial Governor. Governor Thomas Dudley was sou of Capt. Roger Dudley, .slain in a war in England. Governor Joseph Dudley was popular in New Hampshire. His por- trait is in the Council chamber in Concord. We are concerned only with Stephen, son of Rev. Samuel by his last wife. He married twice, and had eleven children. Of them we need name Stephen, who was a cordwainer, and married Sarah Davidson, of Newbury, Mass. He purchased Raymond of an Indian sagamore, as has been named in its proper place. He died in Exeter in 1734, aged forty-six. His brother James was born at Exeter, in 1690, and was tlie father of Judge Dudley, of Raymond. John, a younger brother, was killed by the Indians in what is now Fremont, in 1710, at the age of eighteen. This was the same year that Col. Winthrop Hilton, of Newmarket, was killed, with others, near the "mast way," in Epping. It may be interesting to put down here the names of the Dudleys and the time they filled the office of representative. Honorable John Dudley, Moses Dudley, Esq., Joseph Dudley, Oilman Dudley, J. Tucker Dudley, Samuel Dudley, Alvin D. Dudley, John Dudley, Raymond, Candia, 8 years. 6 " Maine, 8 Nathaniel Dudley, Maine, estimated 37 years. In 1766, John Dudley came to Raymond, having bought the farm now owned' by his great-grandson, James T. Dudley, Esq. Gaining the confidence of the citizens^ he soon became the leading man of the town. Two years after coming here he was appointed justice of the peace. He was an active patriot during the Revolution, and prominent in the councils of the State. Maj. Josiah Fogg was a native of Bride Hill, in Hampton. He came to this town in 1752, and settled 446 HISTOEY OP KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. on what was afterwards known as the Fogg farm, which was kept in the name more than one hundred years. Robert Page. The name Page is found in the early records of Hampton, and David Page, the father of Robert, was born there, but moved to North Hamp- ton, where Robert was born. He married Sarah Dear- born, .sister of Gen. Henry Dearborn, and came to this place in 1755. Lieut. Benjamin Bean was born in Kingston, and came to this town in 1752. Jonathan Swain, Esq., was a native of Hampton Falls. He was married three times, and some of his children were born before he came to town. He took up his residence here in 1765. Levi Swain was son of the above, and was a native of Hampton Falls. He came here when about twelve years of age. He proved a worthy son of a faithful father in the service of the town. James Moore was a native of Ireland, and brought to this counti-y when about three j'ears of age. Not long after he came to Chester. At the age of forty he moved to this town. Robert Moore, son of the above, was born in Ches- ter, came to this town with his parents when quite young, and after arriving at a suitable age, attending Exeter Academy one year, then engaged in teaching in Maine, also in this town. He was moderator of the town-meeting two years, and one of the selectmen six. He died, Jan. 5, 1804, aged thirty-nine. The late Capt. John Moore was his son. Capt. Samuel Nay. The Nays ofthis town descended from John Nay, called a Jerseyman because he lived on the Isle of Jersey, east of England. John came to Hampton, and died in 1750, aged ninety. Capt. Samuel was born in Hampton. His father was John, son of the above. He was in the war with the French and Indians between 1755-60. He was deputy sheriff in Hampton, and a captain in the war of the Revolu- tion. He moved to Epping about 1780, and long after to this town. Deacon Ebenezer Prescott's birthplace was Hamp- ton Falls. He came here about 1776. His wife was Phebe Eastman. He served as selectman two years, and was appointed a deacon in the Congregational Church in 1791. Deacon Ebenezer Cram was born in Hampton Falls ; came to town in 1768 ; was selectman two years ; and chosen deacon of the Congregational Church in 1791. He died Feb. 7, 1819, aged seventy-three years. Benjamin Cram, brother to the above, a native of Hampton Falls, came here in 1768, and was selectman one year. Ebenezer Osgood, Esq., brother of the .above, was born in Epping in 1757 ; served in the army of the Revolution; married Mary Fogg ; settled in this town about 1782; was a justice of the peace, selectman two years, and representative one. John Osgood, also a brother of the above, was born in Epping in 1762; came to town and lived here till after 1795. Gen. Henry Tucker was one of the most active and enterprising men of the town. The first of the largest family of Browns in Ray- mond was Jedediah. He came from Seabrook and settled towards the south end of the Page road. The Blakes of Raymond descended from Jasper Blake. We have the authority of the late John Farmer, of Concord, for saying he was the first of the name to come over from England. He came to Hamp- ton in 1650. He was married four times, his last wife being Deborah Dalton, sister of Rev. T. Dalton, min- ister, of Hampton. He had ten children, viz., De- borah (who married Eleazer Elkins), Timothy, Israel, Jasper, John, Sarah, Joshua, Samuel, Dorothy, and Philemon. He lived in Hampton twenty-three years, and died June 5, 1673. The Bean House. — The oldest dwelling now stand- ing in town is the Bean house. In this lived Li&t. Benjamin Bean, followed by his son Thomas, whose son, Capt. Benjamin Bean, was next; and then the late John Bean, son of the captain. It was in early years a tavern. The first town-meetings were held there, and also meetings for preaching before a house of worship was erected. This house was standing in 1752, and was built by David Bean, a brother of Lieut. Bean. Probably it was built about 1750, and is therefore one hundred and twenty-five years old. It has been kept in good repair, and looks as if it would do service one hun- dred years longer. It is now owned by G. R. West, who is of the fourth generation from Lieut. Bean, the first proprietor, Bean family. The earliest and largest family of this name in town was the one south of Freetown Mills. It has been about one hundred and twenty- three years since the first member came here. The first was David, who was born in 1725, iu Kingston, where at the age of twenty-three he mar- ried Mary Judkins. He settled in Epping, then came to this town, near Freetown Mills, 1752. He was not here many years, but went to the island in Candia. His descendants are there now. Rev. Moses Bean, of Candia village, was. also a descendant. Currier family. We have no record of any of this name before 1668. Thomas Currier, of Amesbury, Mass., died Sept. 27, 1712. In the line of one of his children, Benjamin, descended the progenitor of the family that came to Raymond. He was born March 27, 1668, probably in Amesbury. Jonathan Cram, son of John, lived in Hampton Falls. He was born April 22, 1706, and died May 3, 1760. His wife was Elizabeth Heath. .She died in 1773. Children : 1. John. He came to Raymond and lived here a while, then moved to Pittsfield. 2. Nehemiah. ' 3. Jonathan. RAYMOND. 447 4. Ebenezer, born Dec. 5, 1745, married Mary Phil- brick, of Seabrook, who was born May 15, 1745. He settled in Raymond and lived at the place just north of the school-house in district No. 3. He was a ■deacon of the Congregational Church, and died Feb. 7, 1819. 5. Benjamin came to Raymond, married Mary Bean, and lived where Josiah B. Cram now does. 6. Joel. 7. Joseph. 8. Molly. Deacon Ebenezer and Mary Cram had children, probably, as follows, but we do not vouch for the ac- curacy as to dates in every case. Jonathan Dearborn lived in Chester. His ances- tors came from Hampton. His children were Rich- ard, Mehitable, Peter, Benjamin, and Thomas. This last had a son Thomas, who was killed by a cannon- ball in the war of the Revolution, in 1778. His wife was Mary Morrison. They were the parents of Maj. Thomas Dearborn, of this town. There were four children, all sons. They were born in Candia. In the northeast part of this town, in the line of another branch of the same great family, was the late Deacon John Dearborn and the present Benjamin Dearborn. Members of this branch lived in Stratham. We begin back only at the year 1715, at which date one Jonathan Dearborn married Hannah Tuck. They might have lived in Stratham ; at any rate their im- mediate descendants did. This Jonathan was a son of John. Children of Jonathan and Hannah Dear- born : 1. John, born April 2, 1718. 2. Bethia, born Nov. 2, 1719. 3. Benjamin, born Oct. 2, 1721, died young. 4. Hannah, born March 14, 1725. Other pioneer families were the Emersons, Tuckers, Poors, Prescotts, Robies, Fullontons, Foggs, Folsoms, Giles, Gilmans, Healeys, Harrimans, Lanes, Lover- Ings, Moodys, Moores, McClures, Moultons, Nays, Norrises, Osgoods, Pages, Scribners, Stevens, Swains, Tiltons, Wallaces, Wasons, Woodmans, Abbotts, An- dersons, Bishops, Bagleys, Burbanks, Bachelders, Bennetts, DollofFs, Davises, Dodges, Dows, Elliots, Foxes, Floods, Gordons, Goves, Griffins, Heaths, Holmans, Kimballs, Leavitts, Lockes, Mandens, Mag- sons, Nortons, Peckers, Pollards, Runnells, Richard- sons, Roberts, Sanborns, Shannons, Smiths, Smarts, Sweatts, Stickneys, Shaws, Spinneys, Thrashers, Towles, Titcombs, Varnums, Whittiers, Wendells, and Yorks. Physicians. — Dr. Francis Hodgkins was a native of Ipswich, Mass., and came about 1770. He died Oct. 8, 1812, aged sixty-one. Dr. Benjamin Page was here a few years previous to 1800. His native place was Kensington. Dr. John Pillsbury was born in Rowley, Mass., was in practice here from 1798 to 1804. He was full of hilarity and mirth. After leaving here he was in Candia, then in Pembroke, where he died some years ago at an advanced age. Dr. Phineas Trull, a native of Tuxbury, Mass., was here from 1805 to 1819. Dr. Thomas H. Merrill, a native of Brownfield, Me., practiced in Gilmantown ; was here from 1820 to 1823. He moved to Boothbay, Me. Dr. Edmund R. Rowell, a native of Salem, N. H., came in 1822, left in 1825. Dr. Stephen Gale, a native of East Kingston, was here from 1824 to 1846, excepting an interval of one year at East Kingston, and about the same length at Gloucester, Mass. Dr. John Gale, a native of East Kingston, studied with his brother, Dr. S. Gale, of this place; practiced at Epsom, and died at his brother's, in this town, Aug. 1, 1833, aged twenty-seven. Dr. Stephen Brown, a native of Andover, N. H., was here in 1829, filling Dr. Gale's place, then in another town. Dr. Theodore Wells, a native of Deerfield, prac- ticed in the town in 1836, Dr. Gale being absent again. Afterwards he became a minister, was settled over the Congregational Church in Barrington, and died in Sanford, Me., in 1864, aged fifty-six. Dr. Thomas J. Dudley was born in this town, son of Thomas Dudley, who lived where John Scribner now does. He was a successful school-teacher, studied medicine with Dr. Gale, attended one course of lec- tures at Brunswick, Me. Failing health did not allow of his going farther. He died here of consumption, Jan. 19, 1831, aged thirty-one. Dr. Peter Y. Frye. His native place was Deer- field. He succeeded Dr. Gale in 1846 ; left in 1855 ; went to Oyster Bay, Long Island, N. Y., where he still resides. His second wife was Miss Carrie Cur- rier, of this town. Dr. Harrison J. Copp, a native of Georgetown, Mass., was here a few mouths in 1852. His practice was eclectic. Afterwards he resided in Suncook and Manchester. In the late war he was with the Third New Hampshire Regiment as hospital nurse, and died at Port Royal, S. C, April, 1862, aged forty-two. Dr. John O. Haines, a native of Deerfield, eclectic physician, was here, living up towards Langford's, from 1848 to 1857, when he went to Deerfield. Dr. George A. Blake, a native of the town, son of the late Hon. Joseph Blake, is a physician. His wife was Miss Margaret Harrington, of Cambridge, Mass. Dr. True Morrill Gould, a native- of Newton, and son of Mr. Samuel and Mrs. Molly Gould. The family name has been in that town about one hun- dred years. He passed his early years on the farm with the privi- leges of the district school, then at the high school and later at the academy in Kingston. Choosing the medical profession, two years were spent under the in- struction of Thomas Bassett, M.D., of Kingston then one year under Prof Edmund R. Peaslee, M.D., of 448 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Hanover. He attended a full course of lectures in the Medical Department of Dartmouth College, and graduated with the degree of M.D. in 1854; com- menced practice here in 1855. His business has been extensive and embraced surgery, not only in this but in other towns. He is a member of the New Hamp- shire Medical Society and the American Medical As- sociation. He has held various offices. His wife was Miss Mary A. True, of this town, daughl^er of Mr. Elias and Mrs. Mercy True. Dr. David Brown, born here, was a botanic physi- cian in Hingham, Mass., and died there suddenly, Feb. 6, 1865, aged seventy-one. Dr. John D. Lovering, born here, son of Gilman Lovering, studied the medical profession with J. R. Akers, M.D., of Bethel, 111., graduated at the Medical Department of Union University, at Albany, N. Y., commenced practice in Essex, Mass., in 1861. Dr. John P. Brown, born here, finished his medical studies in March, 1865, and at once became assistant physician in the asylum for the insane in Concord, N. H. Dr. Moses L. Magoon, born here, dentist, in Maine. Dr. Phineas H. Wheeler, a native of Barnstead, came here in 1867, practiced a few months, and then went to Alton. CHAPTER LXVI. RAYMOND.— (Co«tim,e(i.) ECCLESIASTICAL AND EDUCATIONAL. The Congregational Church — Free-Will Baptist Church — Methodist Episcopal Church — TJniveraalists — Schools. Congregational Church. — It was customary in the early history of the towns in New England, as soon as convenient, to establish meetings for the wor- ship of God. The first account here is in 1764, the year of the incorporation. At a town-meeting, held June 11th, voted to raise three hundred pounds, old tenor, for the support of the gospel. This was but a small sum in dollars. In 1765 voted to raise the same sum. A few who had come into town from Chester (the part now Auburn) belonged to the Presbyterian Church. They objected to paying a ministerial taiK here, and it was voted that they " be eased of their rates." That year the first minister of whom mention is made came. His name was Gilman. Many did not like him, and at a town-meeting held March 3, 1766, voted that if Mr. Gilman preached he should not be paid by the town. In 1767, Samuel Webster was paid six pounds for preaching, Solomon Moore six, Tristram Gilman seven pounds four shillings. In 1768, Mr. Gilman and Jonathan Searle preached. The meetings in these years were held at Lieut. Benjamin Bean's tavern, the old house now standing opposite the late John Bean house. The town voted to pay him three pounds for the use of his house up to March, 1769, and seventeen shillings for dinners for the ministers. In 1770 voted to raise twenty pounds for preaching. Of this Mr. Searle received ten pounds sixteen shill- ings, and ten shillings were paid to Lieut. Bean for the use of his house. In 1771 the meetings were held a part of the time at David Bacheldor's, west of York's Corner. The divided state of the people as to the location of a meeting-house for some half a dozen years, and then the war of the Revolution for eight years, tended to prevent the raising of much money for preaching. In 1785, two years after the war, a meeting-house was built, and was so far completed that meetings could be held in it. The house stood in an immense woodland, with but fdw openings or cleared places for considerable distance around. At the dedication of the meeting-house Rev. Josiab Stearns, of Epping, preached from a text singularly appropriate. It was from Psalm cxxxii. 6, "Lo, we heard of it at Ephrata ; we found it in the fields of the wood." The location of the house was not liked by some, and not far from the time some waggish person posted up an advertisement headed " Found," and then went on to describe " a stray meeting-house found in the woods." In 1787 voted fifteen pounds for preaching; also that if any who did not wish to pay the minister tax enter their names with the town clerk within ten days they be not taxed. Also that the minister tax may be paid in pine boards, corn, or grain. October 15th, voted to give Mr. Stephen Williams a call to settle in the ministry. He did not accept. In 1790, voted to give Mr. Thomas Moore a call on terms similar to the above. He did not accept. No church had as yet been formed. Th.e organiza- tion took place in 1791. The original members were twenty -one, as follows : John Bacheldor, Robert Page, Stephen Prescott, Matthias Haines, Daniel Lane, David Lane, Benja- min Cram, Ebenezer Prescott, Ebenezer Cram, Sam- uel Nay, Samuel Nay, Jr., Sarah Page, Phebe Pres- cott, Mary Nay, Mary Cram, Sarah Haines, Abigail Lane, Hannah Lane, Mary Tilton, Abigail Bacheldor. Very soon after Jonathan Swain and Mary Swain united by letter. Some three or four years passed with occasional supplies of preaching, and then Rev. Nehemiah Ord- way moved into town, and was a stated supply till 1797, when the matter of moving the meeting-house was. agitated. A strong party wished it moved to what is now the village. Mr. Ordway, in one sermon, opposed the removal. But some thought that was not preach- ing the gospel. Not long after he closed his supply here. Those for the removal were in a small majority in EAYMOND. 449 •1797, at three different town-meetings, and in the autumn of that year it was removed. The house was soon put in order for worship, but tliere was much division of feeling in the church that had grown out of the contention concerning tlie re- moval. Not long after Eev. James Thurston, of Exeter, was obtained for a supply in the years 1798 and 1799. "The Lord rideth upon the whirlwind and directeth the storm," and at the proper time brings all to calm- ness and repose. The discordant elements finally became harmonized, and in 1800, Mr. Jonathan Stick- ney, of Newburyport, was ordained pastor. Mr. Stickney continued seven years, and in June, 1807, was dismissed. Ten years passed before another pastor was settled. In 1808 the town voted that the Free Baptists occupy the meeting-house half of the time. The church had some preaching by neighboring ministers till 1813, after which a missionary society in Massachusetts furnished supplies about half of the time till 1817. Eevs. Homer, Cressy, and Wright were here most. About ninety united with the church. Eev. S. Bailey was installed pastor Oct. 1, 1817. He was dismissed in 1822. Revs. James Thurston, M. Dutton, and others sup- plied till the next pastorate. Eev. Seth Farnsworth, a native of Charleston, N. H., was ordained Nov. 3, 1824. Mr. Farnsworth was dismissed in 1834. A new meeting-house was erected in 1834, and dedicated November 12th, and the next day Eev. Andrew H. Eeed was installed pastor. Mr. Eeed was dismissed Oct. 26, 1836. Eev. Anson Sheldon succeeded. He was a native of Summers, Conn. He was installed June 28, 1837, and dismissed Oct. 15, 1839. Eev. John C. Page, a native of Sandwich, was or- dained Oct. 6, 1841, and dismissed May 7, 1851. Eev. David Burt, a native of Monson, Mass., was ordained Nov. 5, 1851, and dismissed Feb. 22, 1855. Eev. Dana B. Bradford, a native of Hillsborough, -was installed Dec. 5, 1855. Mr. Bradford was dis- missed in the summer of 1858. Eev. George W. Sargent, a native of Dover, was ordained Dec. 21, 1859, and was dismissed early in 1865. Then nearly two years passed without a pas- tor, but there was a supply by different ministers. Dec. 6, 1866, Edward D. Chapman, a native of East Haddam, Conn., was installed. The ministry of Mr. Chapman here commenced some months before his installation, and at the end of three years was terminated by his death, Sept. 17, 1869. The next pastor was Eev. Samuel Bowker, installed Nov. 30, 1870. This pastorate continued two and a half years, and terminated May, 1873. In August following, Eev. D. B. Dodge began, and supplied six months. In June, 1874, Eev. W. A. 29 Patten became acting pastor. The present pastor is Eev. E. O. Dyer. The deacons have been Ebenezer Prescott, Eben- ezer Cram, Samuel Nay, Daniel Norris, Thomas Wason, Daniel Tilton, John Dearborn, Daniel N. Lane, Horace Gordon, Jonathan F. Page, Hayden Hjgley, and W. S. Abbott. Fanny McClure, who died in 1814, left a legacy of two hundred dollars to the church ; Joseph Eichard- son, who died in 1852, left five hundred dollars, the income to help sustain singing; Mary Patten, who died in 1853, left one hundred dollars; Hon. Joseph Blake died in 1864, and left five hundred dollars ; Martha McClure died in 1870, and left one thousand dollars ; Ezekiel Lane died in 1873, and left a bequest, but it is not known as yet what the amount will be. Free-Will Baptist Church. — The origin of this church was a religious interest near the mountains in Nottingham, under the preaching of Eev. Jeremiah Ballard, of Unity, in 1799. The interest extended into Candia, Deerfield, and Eaymond, and in 1802 a church was formed, the members living in the four towns. Mr. Ballard preached in this town a few times, once at a tavern and once in a grove. In 1805, Rev. H. D. Buzzell, of Gilmanton, preached here some, and Joseph Dudley was appointed ruling elder. His duty was to lead in meetings when there was no minister, and to preside in meetings of busi- ness. In 1810, Eev. H. D. Buzzell was here part of the time ; also Eev. Moses Bean, of Candia. In 1818 the members in Candia and Eaymond were constituted a church by themselves. In 1823 there was a revival. The ministers who officiated here were Eevs. M. Bean and David Harriman, both of Candia. In 1824, Candia and Eaymond divided, and the members in this town became a separate church. The same year Eev. J. B. Prescott, of Monmouth, Me., preached here several months. In 1826, Eev. Arthur Caverno, of Epsom, preached a portion of the time. The same year a house of worship was erected and dedicated. In the autumn of 1831, T. Eobie was ordained. In 1832 there was a revival, in which Eev. John Knowles labored. In 1834, Eev. C. Small lived in town six months, and preached. In the autumn of 1837, Eev. Hiram Holmes took charge of the church, and remained until 1839. Not far from this an unhapjiy division on church polity took place. The result was the forming of a second church of the same name on the ground where there were not members enough for one effi- cient church. The second church occupied the meet- ing-house half of the Sabbaths, having, in 1842, a licensed preacher, H. B. Brock, a native of Bar- rington. In 1843 it had J. 0. D. Bartlett, a native of Centre Harbor, who was ordained here that year. This church numbered forty, but it fell into divis- ion, waned, and lost its visibility. The members who desired it were received back into the other church. 450 HISTOKY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Eev. Asa Merrill, of Stratham, supplied some for years, till 1844. In the spring of 1845, Eev. B. H. McMurphey, a native of Alexandria, came and took charge. He continued two years, leaving in 1847. Eev. Tobias Foss, a native of Strafford, succeeded in 1848, and continued five and a half years. Mr. Foss left in September, 1853. Eev. Joseph Fullonton succeeded as stated supply, and continued ninete'en years. In 1858 a good revival brought an addition of twelve. Eev. John Fullonton, T. Eobie, and Eev. Mr. Fullenten became ministers while members of this church, and, later, J. Woodbury Scribner. The deacons have been Jeremiah Fullonton, Amos ■ Bacheldor, Jeremiah Fullonton, Jr., Jefferson Healey. Clerks, Jeremiah Fullonton, Eev. H. Holmes, Jere- miah Fullonton, Jr., M. V. B. Gile. Eev. Joseph Fullonton attended an academy part of three terms. Engaged in teaching ; poorly quali- fied; studied and taught, taught and studied, carry- ing books on the road, into fields, and to bed to study. Talked with the learned for improvement, studied the trees, plants, flowers, winds, clouds, and stars. Con- tinued thus, teaching and studying much, for twenty- five years. Engaged in the ministry ; no chance for theological training in the denomination of our choice then, so studied as best he could. Ordained at Danville, Feb. 16, 1837 ; continued there six years, theff held a pastorate in Acton, Me., four years. Lost all voice for pilblic speaking, and came here in Janu- ary, 1847 ; now deceased. Methodist Episcopal Church.— Persons of Meth- odist sentiments have lived in town for more than fifty years. The greater part of these lived in the Branch District, and attended meetings in Poplin and Chester. Mr. J. F. Lane attended at Epping. In 1840, Eev. A. Plumer, of Poplin, held meetings here, with some good results. Eev. L. H. Gordon moved into town in 1841, and supplied for several months. The interest declined, and Mr. Gordon moved to Epping. Eev. William^ French, of San- down, supplied some, but after a while the meetings were given up. The present church began in 1848. At the town meeting in March it was voted to give all the right and title the town had to the meeting-house as a house of worship to the Methodist Society the ensu- ing year. Meetings commenced early in the summer. The Conference appointed a Mr. Hoyt, but after a short time he left, and the presiding elder obtained, for the remainder of the year, Eev. J. S. Loveland, a native of Stoddard. Near the close of the year it was decided to erect a house of worship. November 7th, the town voted to sell the society land for the purpose where the pound then stood. Soon there was much contention as to that vote, and on the 22d of January the action was reconsidered. In 1849 the minister was Eev. James Adams, a na- tive of Williamstown, Vt. The house of worship was built this year and dedicated in the autumn. In 1850 and 1851 the preacher was Eev. J. C. Em- erson, a native of Canterbury; in 1852, Eev. G. W, T. Eogers, a native of Holderness; in 1853 and 1854, Eev. Elijah Mason, a native of Cavendish, Vt. ; in 1855 ^nd 1856, Eev. Simon P. Heath ; in 1857, Eev. Charles Young; in 1858 and 1859, Eev. L. L. East- man, a native of Canaan, had charge ; in 1860, Eev. N. L. Chase ; in 1861 and 1862, Eev. N. M. Bailey ; in 1863 and 1864, Eev. James Adams, the second time; in 1865, Eev. E. J. Donaldson; in 1866, 1867, and 1868, Eev. G. W. Euland ; in 1869 and 1870, Eev. Eleazer Smith; in 1871, Eev. Josiah Higgins; in 1872, Eev. William Hewes ; in 1873, meetings suspended ; and in 1874, Eev. William H. H. Collins. A. B. Carter, present pastor. Eev. Eufus Tilton, for more than thirty years a Methodist preacher, was a native of this town. Eev. J. S. Loveland, an early pastor of this church, withdrew from the denomination, and has since been actively connected with the Spiritualists in Boston and vicinity. Eev. Elijah Mason, a former pastor, died in Eock- port, Mass., Feb. 15, 1863, aged fifty-four. Eev. G. W. T. Eogers, also pastor, died in Salem, N. H., in 1868. Eev. Abraham Folsom, a native of Tunbridge, Vt. moved here in 1863. He has since preached in Ep- ping, Auburn, Eye, Chester, Fremont, and Salem. He died March, 1872. Eev. Mathew Newhall, a native of Claremont, took up his residence here in 1863. For some years he has been superannuated. In 1873 he went to Greenland. John D. Folsom, a native of the town, prepared for college, is a Methodist; has preached considerably, a portion of 1868 in Exeter, and then went to the Drew Theological Seminary, in New Jersey, where he graduated. Universalist Society.— From an early period there have been some Universalists in town. In 1827 Eev. T. G. Farnsworth, of Haverhill, Mass., preached a Sabbath in the Baptist Church. In 1854 the Eock- ingham County Association of Universalists was held here. The services were in the Methodist Church, and continued two days. There have been occasional supplies of preaching besides, but at long intervals. In 1857 a society was formed with corporate powers. Thirty in a few days became members, b,ut not quite all now reside in town. The clerks have been Wil- liam Titcomb and George 8. Eobie. Early Schools.— In 1757, seven years before this town was incorporated, it was voted by the town- meeting of Chester that Freetown (now Eaymond) and Charmingfare (now Candia) have school money according to their tax, provided it be expended for schools. The result of this cannot be known. The next record on the subject was in 1765, the year after the incorporation. On a proposition to see if the town would build some school-houses, it was nega- tived. RAYMOND. 451 In 1767, voted to raise sixty pounds for schooling and other charges. The schools were established, one of which seems to have been in the Branch neighbor- hood, and was taught by Daniel True; another was in the section of the Dudleys, taught, or "kept," as then called, by Daniel Stillman ten weeks; and the third was probably in the east or northeast, in charge of Abel Morse. Mr. M. was from Chester, an expe- rienced teacher, and was employed here much of the time in following years. In 1768, Jona. Palmer is mentioned as a teacher here besides Abel Morse. In 1769, Widow Judkins was paid twelve shillings lawful money for teaching, and fifteen shillings were paid to Ithiel Gordon for going after her, boarding her, and carrying her home again. The term was four weeks in length. All worked cheap then. Francis Hodgkins about the same time taught four months, probably not all in the same neighborhood. His wages were about six dol- lars per month. This year five shillings were paid to Clement Moody, who lived near where John Brown, Esq., now does, for the use of a room in his house for a school. 1770, voted to build four school-houses, one in each quarter of the town, with John Dudley, James Moore, Ezekiel Lane, and Robert Page, building committee. After the houses were built the principal teachers for years were A. Morse, Dr. Hodgkins, Joseph Flagg, William Dawling, James Farnham, Peter Coffin, Mr. Melville, Amelia Towle, and Abigail Welch. In those years there were accounts paid of which the following may serve as a specimen : " 1771, Paid Benj. Cram, for dinnerin Master Hodgkins 10 weeks, 16 shillings." This would be eight cents of present currency for each dinner. CHAPTER LXVII. RAYMOND.— (CoiKi'imeci.) CIVIL AND MILITABY. Town Clerks — Representatives — Senators — Deputy Sheriffs, etc. — Post- masters — Military Kecord — College Graduates — Population. Town Clerks. — The following is a list of town clerks from 1764 to 1883 : Ezekiel Smith, 1764-66. Br-njamin Whittier, 1766. Jonathan Swain, 1767-81, 1783-90, 1801-8. F. Hodgkins, 1782. Levi Swain, 1799-1803, 1805-9. John Pillsbury, 1804. Phineas Trull, 1810-12. Thomas Dearborn, 1813-Sl. John Brown, Jr., 1882-43. J. E. Brown, 1843-46. David Pecker, 1847. J S. Jannes, 1848-51. W. B. Worthley, 1852-53. P. Y. Frye, 1864. H. D. Page, 1865. L, S. Brown, 1856-69. T. M. Gould, 1860-64, 1869-70. S Poor, Jr., 1866. ThoB. M. Healey, 1867-68. Olney T. Brown, 1871-72. Charles Poor, 1873-80. D. C. Healey, 1881. Representatives froni.1776 to 1883.— Representa- tives were chosen to the Provincial Assembly. The first chosen here was in 1776. John Dudley was elected and re-elected every year after, when there was an election, till 1784. The war had then closed. After the State Constitution went into efiect the town was classed with Poplin, now Fremont. While thus classed the representative in each alternate year was from this town. But we judge from the records that in several years none were chosen. The follow- ing is the list as we find them recorded: 1786. Samuel Nay. 1796. Ebenezer Osgood. 1800-4. Moses Dudley. 1806-10. Sberburn Blake. Being claused was then dissolved and the town allowed to send by itself. 1811-12. Phineas Gilman. 1813-16. Moses Dudley. 1816-17. Phineas Gilman. 1818-19. Joseph Fogg. 1820-23. Thomas Dearborn. 1824. Joseph Fogg. 1826-26. John Folsom. 1827-29. Moses Dudley. 1830-31. Joseph Dudley. 1832-33. Gilman Dudley. 1834-36. John Scribner. 1836. Levi Brown, Jr. 1837-38. Benjamin Poor. 1839^0. Samuel Poor. 1841. Jonathans. Brown, died this year. 1842-43. Benjamin B. Gilman. 1844-45. David Pecker. 1846-47. Levi Muulton. 1848-49. John Brown. 1860-51. William P. Tufts. 1852. Edmund Whittier. 1863-64. Josiah S. James. 1856. Joseph Blake. 1856. Edmund Whittier. 1857-58. William P. Worthley. 1869. J. Folsom Lane. 1860. Voted not to send. 1861-62. J. Tucker Dudley. 1863. J. Folsom Lane, 1864-65. Lyman Prescott. 1S66-67. Abraham B. Smith. 1868-69. David GrifRn. 1?70-71. Granvill A. Gilmore. 1872-73. John Healey. 1874-76. J. Wilson Fisk. 1876-78. F. G. Bean. 1878-80. G. M. Moulton. 1880-82. A. G. Whittier. SENATOES, DISTRICT No. 2. 1786. John Dudley, elected, but declined. 1869-60. Joseph Blake. ROAD COMMISSIONER, ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. 1843-44. Benjamin Poor. SCHOOL COMMISSIONER, ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. 1860-61. Wilson S. Abbott. CORONERS. Stephen Osgood, 1821 ; Dr. T. M. Gould, 1863. DEPUTY SHERIFFS. S. D. Tilton, appointed J869. [ Warren True, 1872. J. S. James, 1871. A. B. Smith, 1874. DELEGATES TO CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. 1776. John Dudley. 1782. Jonathan Swain. 1781. John Dudley. 1791. Jonathan Swain. 1860. Daniel Scribner. POSTMASTERS. Joseph Blake, appointed 1815. William P. Tufts, 1863. William B. Blake, 1861. T. 51. Gould, 1867. John Docke, 1869 ; died Sept. 1872- T. M. Gould, 1872. NOETH POST-OFFICE. John R. Brown, 1833 ; office discontinued, 1837. SOUTH POST-OFFICE. Jacob Elliott, 1860; office discontinued, 1856. NATIVES OF RAYMOND EBPEESBNTATIVES OF OTHER TOWNS. John Dudley, son of Moses Dudley, Esq. He has been representative in the Maine Legislature eight years. David Pillsbury, Chester, 1842 and 1844. Ira Osgood, Loudon, 1836 and 1836. Gilman Richardson, Candia, 1838 and 1839. Samuel Dudley, Candia, 1861 and 1862. Eufus Tilton, Sandwich, 1855. John Prescott, Jr., Candia, 1855 and 1856. 452 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, JSfEW HAMPSHIRE. Henry Moore, Chester, 1862. Owen Runnels, Pittsfield, 1864 and 1865. Alvin D. Dudley, Candia, 1865 and 1866. John Fulluuton, New Hampton, 1868. Timothy 0. Norris, Troy, Iowa, 1870. J. Rowland Baclieldor, Candia, 1873 and 1874. Besides the above, Nathaniel Dudley, son of Judge Dudley, may be named. He was born in Exeter, but lived here some years. He went to Maine and was Representative of his town several years. Joseph Richardson has lived here much. He was born in Candia, and was Representative of that town in 1840. Military History. SOLDIERS IN THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR, 1754^60. John Leavitt. Samuel Dudley. William Towle. Ithiel Gordon. James FiiUonton. Possibly some of these had not then come to town, but went from other places. "WAR OF THE REVOLUTION, 1775-83. William Towle, sergt. Nathan Lane. Ezekiel Lane. David Oilman, 2d lieut. Theophilus Lovering. Daniel Todd. John Todd. Jeiemiah Holnian. Levi Swain. John Wells, Jr. James Clay. Joliii Prescott. Josiah Richardson. Reuben Stickney. Samuel Healoy. Nehemiah Leavitt. Nathaniel Richardson, sergt. Josiah Tucker. Thomas Dolloff. William B. Brescott. John Leavitt. Nathaniel Dudley. Jonathan FuUonton. Joseph FuIIonton. Matthias Haines, J. Roberts^ Josiah Wells. Eliphalet Gordon. Nathaniel Smart. John Bacheldor. Caleh Smith. Nicholas Gilmau. Joseph Peavey. Jonathan Bacheldor. Samuel Fogg. Enoch Osgood. Stephen Fogg. Jacob Laiie. Hezekiah Pollard. Bzekial Pollard. Elijah Pollard. Barton Pollard. Josiah Dnnlap. Benjamin Whittier. Israel QriflBn, Alexander McClure. Josiah Fogg. Thomas Gordon. Daniel Lane. Jeremiah Towle. Moses Cahs. Ezekiel Morse. Moses Sanborn. Gilman Dudley. John Cally. Moses Leavitt. JamesWIiitten. James Randall. Joseph Clifford. Antony Clifford. Elisha Thomas. Joseph Tucker. Richard Flood. Sinclair Fox. John Fox. Timothy Jewell. Smith Cram.' Samuel Cram. John Moore. James Lib by. James Mack. Richard Robinson. Ithiel Gordon. James Merrill. Daniel Moody. Daniel Gordon, Jr. Elisha Towle. Benjamin Perkins, John Osgood. Israel Griffin. John Tucker. John Lane, 3d. Daniel Whicher. John Clifford. John CliflFord. John Sargent. Phillip Morse. Thomas Morse. WlUium Randall. KILLED OR DIED IN WAR OP THE REVOLUTION. 1776.— John Wells, Jr., Nathan Lane, James Clay, John Prescott. 1777.— Josiah Richardson, Jona. FuIIonton (killed), Ezekiel Lane (killed). 1778. — Nehemiah Leavitt, Moses Sanborn. 1782.— Joseph Tucker, Thomas Dolloff. 1783.— William P. Prescott, John Leavitt, John Todd. Some of this list of soldiers in the war of the Rev- olution were out but a short time. Moses Dudley, Esq., about the year 1822, recorded that twenty-four from this town were enrolled in the army of that struggle, but others of the militia served for a time; some, too, are names not known here. Probably they lived in other places, but went for this town. We have not learned that there was much disloy- alty in this place during the Revolutionary struggle. The following shows, however, one case: "State of New Hampshire in Committee of Safety, Exeter, June 9, 1781. To the Sheriff of the County of Rockingham, his under Sheriff or Deputy, or the Constable of Raymond in said County. Greeiino. "You are hereby required forthvi-ith to apprehend John Waldron Smith, of said Raymond, Yeoman, who, by information, has appeared inimical to the United States, having uttered sundry expressions tend- ing to discourage the people and otherwise to injure the common cause, and bring him before the General Court, if sitting, or in their recess before the Committee of Safety, that he may be examined touching the premises. " M. Weare, President." We have not found any record of the results of the case. SECOND WAR WITH ENGLAND, 1812-15. Josiah Davis, Amos Davis. Th(.'ophilus Stevens. David Dolbier. Amo.s Davi-., killed. Theophilus Stevens, died. During the same war the following were for a time at the fort near Portsmouth. The most part were there in the autumn of 1814. There was a draft for soldiers. It was called "taching." The true word was the military one detach. Some went as volun- teers, some detached, and some as substitutes. A British fleet lay off the harbor, and it was designed to give the vessels and soldiers a warm reception if they came in. Henry Osgood, ensign. Francis Folsom. David Glidden. John Lane. Benjamin Poor. Ebeuezei*Brown. Samuel Bachelder. David Robie. Daniel Scribner. Amos Kimball. Jonathan Hulman. John Brown, Jr., corporal. William Towle, Jr. Daniel Robie, Jr. Gilman Lovering. James Bagley. Moses C. Magoon. Thomas Leavitt. Josiah Smith. Josiali Moulton. James Dudley, Jr. Isaiah Cram. Pbineas Healey. Harry Morse. Supply Morse. Elisha Towle, Jr. Eliot Healey. Gideon Currier, Jr. David Gile. Henry Clifford. Samuel Ruherts. Healey True. Jeremiah Chandler. Nathan Brown, musician. Samuel Moody. David Clifford. David Brown, Jr. Moses Healey. Nathaniel Towle, John Smith. Joseph Robie. Jfl^athan Poor. Daniel Towle. Henry Cliffoi-d. WAR WITH MEXICO, 1846-48. George Mace. RAYMOND. 453 CrVTL WAR, 186t-65. Sewell D. Tilton, capt. John E. Cram, 1st Ueut, Gee. B. Cram, regular service. George H. Tilton. John Brown. Oren T. Dodge. Samuel G. Bartlett. Warren True, Augustus A. True. Elias True, Jr. Elbridge G. Moore. William B. Green. Hazen Currier. George P. Sargent, sergeant. George S. Fullonton. J. Francis Fullonton. Henry Robinson. David T. Osgood. George D. Rowe.. Daniel R. Bean. Andrew 0. Nowell. Gilford F. Oilman. George S. Gove, 1st lieut. Charles H. Edgerly. John H. Dearborn. David W. Towle. Elisha Towle. Nathan W. Magoon. Nathaniel Emery. Richard Abbott. RufuS A. Tilton. Daniel W. Osgood. Nathan Norton. Jonathan P. Holman. V.iitin ^. H:,iI -v. William H. Ferren. Charles H. Abbott. William H. Keniston. Alvin Fogg. James Pecker, John H. Hill. Franklin P. Morrison. Horatio G. C. Morrison. Daniel W. Norton. Laomi G. Warren. George C. Johnson. James Card. Charles Dow. Jonathan F. Brown. Timothy Gleason. George W, Healey. Samuel U, Robinson. James K. P. Morrison. Jesse F. Morrill. Thomas R. Tuttle. Isa. G. Young. Chase 0. Wallace. William A. Wallace, George W. Oilman. William Y. Griffin. Leonard G. Tilton. Cyrus W. Dwight. James G. Scribner. Charles E. Dodge. Joseph Gleason. Hiram Gleason. Edward Gleason. Charles H. Perkins. John D. Folsom. Daniel Robinson. John D. Brant. Robert P. Kennard. J. Auflon Littlefield. Samuel M. Heath, Jofiiah W. Lane. George M. Brown. Samuel C. Nay. J. Lawrence Stevens. John Marsh. Samuel Spaulding. Abner Lowell, Charles L. Rundlett. Cryus E. Poor, sergeant. Willinm H. Thurston. Charles Jones. David S. Healy. George Tripp. Joshua Smith. Oren B. Cram. Samuel G. Healey. John M. Smith. Daniel Bachelder. James Welch, Ist lieut," Thomas Morrison, James Buchanan. David L. Magoon. Charles Davis. H. D. Kidder. Aroy Q. Roberts. William Smith. William Cash. Elisha T. Gile. Greenleaf C. Kenniston. Thomas G, Judd. Anton Kemp. Nicholas Priss. Albert Wilson. John L, Oilman. Joseph Goodwin. William Lamereen, Samuel S, Fox, Joseph Witham. Asa Bly. John F. Worthen. Asa T. Worthen. Samuel Healey. Chai'les Poor. Robert Hill. William Hill. Andrew J. Roberts, G, Bradbury Robijison. Thomas Currier. Charles Payson. Charles Conway. John McGowen. John Orr. Issacher W. Smith, 2d lieut. Julius Adams. John Canner. John Harmon. Joseph Kelly, William Parrott. Some twenty of these were from other places, put in as substitutes. In August, 1863, there was a draft for soldiers to fill the quota assigned to the several States. The fol- lowing were drafted. As the law then was there were many " loop-holes of retreat." Three hundred dol- lars would exempt. Substitutes could be obtained, and if one had a brother in the service, a mother, or motherless children to provide for there was an ex- emption. The examining surgeon also would excuse for slight disability. And the result was scarcely one, if indeed one, went into the service. The draft was at Portsmouth by Capt. J. S. God- frey, provost-marshal. One hundred and three names, thirty-one drawn : Melvin B. Moore, Francis L. Heath, Josiah Locke, George M. Moulton, John F. Healey, Thomas B. Bachelder, Moses E. Moore, Joseph W. Fisk, Oilman Gile, William L, Carlton, Joseph A. Nay, James M. Dearborn, George S, Poor, Woodbury D. Titcomb, Daniel B. Hill, Hiram E. Richardson, John F, Lane, Daniel B. Bagley, Fred Mc- Clu re, Daniel W. Osgood, Elijah Morrison, Rufus A. Tilton, John J, Littlefield, James H, Miller, David A. Bean, Moses B, Harvey, Edward H, Roberts, Joseph V. B. Dearborn, Henry H, Blake, Joseph R, Bachelder, and George B. Dudley. Some later, there was another draft to fill quota, and tlie following were drawn : John Wallace, Otis H. Whittier. The following were put in substitutes, many of them at least to avoid a draft': J. Tucker Dudley, J. Frank Healey, George S. Robie, Hiram 0. McClure, Oilman H. Tucker, Albert D. Hardy, Green C. Fowler, Aaron W. Brown, True M. Gpuld, George L. Hardy, Charles W Lane, Sam- uel S. Locke, Lyman Prescott, Willi-\m B. Blake, James F.Hackett, Irvin Folsom, John W. Bobie, Olney T. Brown, Moses R. Currier, John 0. Whitcomb, Elbridge G. Brown, George E. Bean, J. Plumer Brown. Bounties, Etc. — The following votes were passed at the dates given : 1861, September 9th, voted to pay families of volunteers. 1862, August 22d, voted two hundred dollars bounty to all who have enlisted since August Ist, and to those who may enlist to fill the quota for six hundred thousand men. 1863, August 29th, voted a bounty of two hundred and ninety-nine dollars to drafted soldiers and substitutes, 1863, September 4tli, voted three hundred dollars to drafted men and substitutes. 1864, May 31st, voted two hundred dollars to all who enlist. Voted that the selectmen hire men to enlist, paying not over three hundred dollars per man. 1864, June 25th, voted that the selectmen pay three hundred dollars to hire substitutes for drafted men. 1864, December 29th, voted that one hundred dollars be added to the State bounty for volunteers for one year, and two hundred dollars for two years, DIED OR KILLED IN THIS WAR, 1861, Aug, 4, William H. Keniston, aged 21 years, Georgetown, D. 0. 1862, May 3, Jonathan P. Holman, 23 years, Yorktown, Va. 1862, June 27, John Brown, 20 years, killed near Richmond, Va. 1862, Aug. 22, Andrew C. Nowell, 33 years, fever, near New Orleans. 1862, Oct. 31, Josiah W. Lane, 19 years, Washington, D. C. 1862, Oct. 27, Gilford F. Oilman, 29 years, killed, Labadierville, La. 1862, Nov. 6, J, Franklin Brown, 33 years, New York City. 1862, Nov. 9, John Marsh, 22 years. White Sulphur Springs, Va. 1862, Nov. 13, Daniel R. Bean, near New Orleans, 1862, Nov. 26, George S. Fullonton, 23 years, Washington, D. C. 1862, Dec. 6, Timothy Gleason. 1862, Dec. 13, Cyrus E. Poor, 31 years, killed, Fredericksburg, Ya. 1862, December, Charles Perkins, supposed killed, Fredericksburg, Va. 1862, Dec, 28, George Brown, near Fredericksburg, Va. 1863, March 3, James 0. Scribner, 24 years, Newport News, Va. 1863, March, George D. Rowe, Louisiana. 1863, May 11, Charles Jones, Virginia. 1863, May 27, John K. Hill, 19 years, killed. Fort Hudson. 1863, May 27, George Abbott, killed, Virginia. 1863, Aug. 3, David W. Towle, probably of wounds, Virginia. 1863, Sept. 3, Elisha E. Towle, 2f) years, Portsmouth, Va. 1863, Nov. 24, John Smith, killed near Knoxville, Tenn. 1864, Jan. 18, Charles Davis, Washington, D. C. 1864, July 26, William Smith, 45 years, Portsmouth Grove, R. I. 454 HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 1864, July 30, J. Lawrence Stevens, 41 years, killed, Petersburg, Ta. 1864, Aug. 12, Nathaniel Emery, 38 years, Hampton, Va. 1864, Aug. 12, Thomas Currier, 24 years. City Point, Va. 1864, Aug. 12, David S. Hcaley, 28 years, killed, Petersburg, Va. 1864, Aug. 12, Oren B. Cram, supposed killed, Petersburg, Va. 1864, Feb. 11, William Cash, killed. Amos S. Holman went for Nottingham, but lived here till a short time before enlisting. He died at Aquia Creek, Va., Jan. 29, 1863. DIED AFTER KETUENING HOME OF DISEASES CONTRACTED IN THE AEMT. C. 0. Wallace, Nov. 4, 1865. William A.Wallace, May 17, 1868. George Tripp, July 16, 1869. Stephen Smith, a native of this town, went from some other town, and was a fireman on board the " Kearsarge" when its guns sunk the British ship "Alabama," June 19,1864. He died in Portsmouth, Sept. 17, 1865, and was buried here. MILITARY FIELD-OFFICERS. Josiab Fogg, maj., 1776. Daniel Norris, maj., 1786. Theophilus Loveriiig, maj., 1807; col., 1810. Ebenezer Cram, maj., 1816 ; lieut.-col., 1818. Lyba Brown, maj., 1823; lieut.-ool., 1825; col., 1828. Ebenezer Nay, maj., 1829. Daniel Robie, lieut-col., 1830. John Todd, maj., 1830. Jonathan A. Lane, maj., 1833. Joseph Abbott, maj., 1836; lieut.-col. 1837. Henry Tucker, maj., 1837; col. 1838; brig.-gen. 1840; maj. -gen. 1846. Joseph Blake, Jr , qr.mr., 1840 ; brig.-qr.mr. 1841. On Gen. Tucker's staff. Jacob Elliot, lieut.-col., 1842; col. 1843. Levi S. Brown, maj., 1842. James Wojcli, maj., 1843; lieut.-col. 1845; col. 1846. William P. Tufts, qr.mr., 1844. Sherburn P. Blake, adjt, 1845. William H. Fellows, qr.mr., 1845. Aaron W. Brown, adjt., 1848. Calvin B. Baclieldor, qr.mr., 1848. Warren Titcomb, adjt., 1849. David Griffin, maj,, 1851. Oilman H. Tucker, aide to Gov. Berry, 1861-62. Sewell D. Tilton, aide to Gov. Harriman, 1867-68. The military ranis: of aide to the Governor is that of colonel. Many wiA recollect that Thomas Dearborn was familiarly called major ; but he had no commission as field-officer, he was drum-major. College Graduates.— David Pillsbury, Dartmouth, 1827; Elbridge Gerry Dudley, Dartmouth, 1839; John Fullonton, Dartmouth, 1840; Timothy O, Nor- ris, Dartmouth, ]840; George A. Blake, Williams, 1849 ; Luther E, Shepard, Dartmouth, 1851 ; Wilson 8, Abbott, Dartmouth, 1852 ; John D, Levering, Dart- mouth, 1853 ; Robert Wallace, Dartmouth, 1855 ; Joseph F. Dudley, Dartmouth, 1858 ; Calvin Howard Brown, Dartmouth, 1859; John Peaslee Brown, Dart- mouth, 1860; David Henry Brown, Dartmouth, 1861 ; Gilman Henry Tucker, Dartmouth, 1861 ; Daniel N. Lane, Dartmouth, 1863; J. Woodbury Scribner, Dartmouth, 1864, Undergraduates.— James W. Brown, A. M. Os- good. Graduates op Academies, — Abbie Scribner, W. Harrison Lane, Vannie A. Harriman, Julia A. Scrib- ner, John Dana Folsom. POPULATION, 1767,, 177S.. 1790.. 1800.. 1810,, 1820.. 455 1830 683 1840, 727 1860 SOS 186U. S9R 1870. 961 1880. 1000 989 1256 1270 1121 10.54 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. BENJAMIN POOR, The Poor family originated in Normandy, a prov- ince in the southwest part of France. / Its people are iigriculturists, industrious, energetic, frugal, truthful, and honest. They fear God, obey the laws, educate their children. Here, previous to the invasion of England by William the Norman, in 1066, resided those from whom those bearing the name of Poor or Poore are descended. Roger, a parish priest, a gaunt, thin man, assumed the name of Poor, entered the ser- vice of Prince Henry, third and youngest son of Wil- liam the Conqueror, went to England, became private secretary to the prince, and when, in 1100, Henry was seated on the throne of England, he became his chap- lain, and was appointed Bishop of Sarum, and for years held high religious position, and had great influence at court. A nephew of Bishop Roger Poor, Richard Poor, located in Gloucester, and brought up three sons, — Herbert, Richard, Philip. The two first of these were educated for the church, both became bishops, and were as prominent in political as in church history. From the youngest son, Philip, all American Poors are descended (according to Ben Perley Poore). Philip Poor's descendants were land- holders and agriculturists. Daniel Poor, born in England, 1628, came to An- dover, Mass., dying there in 1713. His son Daniel had a son Thomas. Thomas was the father of the celebrated Gen. Enoch Poor, of Revolutionary fame. John Poore immigrated to Newbury, Mass., in 1635, from Wiltshire, England, and his descendants are numerous. He had fourteen children, and died in 1684. , Samuel ' Poore, his brother, died in 1683, leaving nine children. His son Samuel^ married Rachel Bailey, had children,— Rebecca', Samuel', Judith, Sarah, Eleanor, and Rebecca', Ebenezer, son 6f SamueP, was born in Newbury, Mass,, March 2, 1752, married Sarah Brown, daughter of Capt, Nathan Brown, of Poplin, who was captain in the Revolu- tionary war (born Nov, 29, 1757, died Jan. 8, 1852). This Ebenezer was the first of the name in the town of Raymond, where he settled as a farmer, and died Feb. 16, 1819. His children were Mary (Mrs. John Prescott), Nathan, Sally (Mrs. E. Thatcher), Eben- ezer, Rebecca (Mrs. Moses Stuart), Ruth (Mrs. Reu- ben Whittier), Benjamin, and Dennis. Benjamin Poor, born Sept. 24, 1795, was seventh of the children of Ebenezer. He was early taught to work, and from the very limited financial circum- (7(><^ RYE. 455 stances of his father had very slight advantages for an education. While yet a youth, in June, 1812, he volunteered to go to Portsmouth as a United States soldier, became a fifer, and was in service there till the November following, when he was mustered out of service. For this he received his bounty lands and also a pension, and is one of the rapidly decreasing few who are " pensioners of the war of 1812." He became a farmer, and at his father's death assumed the responsibility and care. The industry, prudence, and energy of the young man were needed, for he was at the very foot of fortune's ladder, but step by step, slowly and surely, he laid the Ibundation of success broad and permanent. He has always been thorough in his labors, and has never failed to carry to success- ful completion whatever he undertook. He has never been aught but a farmer, but his success'entitles him to be called one of the most substantial farmers of his town. He married, Dec. 17, 1816, Alice, daughter of Lieut. William Moore, of Chester. Their children were Sarah J. (Mrs. Stephen Moar), Rufus (a promising young man called from earth in his twenty-sixth year), Melinda K., George S. Mrs. Poor died June 13, 1878, in her eightieth year. From a sketch writ- ten by one who knew her well we quote : " The accomplishments, graces, and many excellences she possessed made her a person of great worth, and a shining example in the world. As a wife she was all her husband could desire. He safely confided in her, and says whatever success he has had in life was largely owing to her help, wise counsel, and good di- rection. As a mother she was faithful, tender, and affectionate. She taught her children industry, hon- esty, and goodness. They now ' rise up and call her blessed.' For many years she was a member of the Congregational Church and earnest for its prosperity." Of positive character, Mr. Poor has been a man of strong convictions, and ever earnest in advocacy of all measures he deemed right and just. He has al- ways been an unwavering Democrat, and it is an evi- dence of the sterling character of the man and the place he occupies in the esteem of his townsmen when we state that in all cases when he has been a candi- date for office a large number of his political op- ponents have given him their support and votes,-and he never was defeated. For more than eighty years he has walked th^ streets of his native town, and dur- ing all those long years he has niaintained a high and enviable position in the community. Never caring for office, he has been placed in various honorable positions of trust, and has served several years each as road commissioner, selectman, and member of New Hampshire Legislature from Raymond, where he was called to sit on nearly every prominent committee. He has been justice of the peace and quorum since 1837, and has filled creditably and successfully every position intrusted to his care. He has always been a leading man in all matters tending to elevate, im- prove, or benefit his town, and is to-day, with mind unimpaired, and in possession of vigorous health, a representative of the best class of intelligent New England farmers, and by his business skill and care has now more than a competency of this world's goods, and all this in spite of the lack of education which he has often deplored. He has traveled in various States of the West, invested and dealt in Western real estate, locating many land warrants. He now owns about four hundred broad acres in his native town, on which he has designed and erected one of the finest residences in Raymond ; has lived to see all the com- panions of his youth pass away, and himself the old- est person in town. He has administered on many estates to the satisfaction of all ; has been a general business adviser to the community, and his judgment has universally been considered superior to others. CHAPTER LXVIII. RTB. Geographical — Topographical — First Settlements — The First Grant — Names of Pioneers — The First Deed — Indian Depredations — Witch- craft — " Breakfast Hill" — Incidents — Ecclesiastical History — Petitions, etc. — Congregational Church — MethodistEpiscopal Church — Christian Church. The town of Rye lies in the eastern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Portsmouth ; on the east by the Atlantic; on the south by North Hampton ; and on the west by North Hamp- ton, Greenland, and Portsmouth. The surface of the town is generally level and the soil fertile. Early Settlements. — It is believed the first settle- ment of New Hampshire was made within the pres- ent limits of Rye, at a place now called Odiorne's Point, about 1625, and prior to the Mason settlement. Sandy Beach was the name to a certain part of Rye, now called Wallis' Sands and Foss' Beach. A bridge was very early built (probably a foot-bridge only) connecting Rye with Great Island, and which was washed away or went to decay about 1690. We have no account of another bridge being built, though it is probable there was, until about 1760. The money in part, if not all, being raised by a lottery, and a toll- rate established. But as it did not pay the proprie- tors it went into public use, and was probably the bridge there in the war of 1812. It has been said the first landing was made at Little Harbor, and that the great harbor of Piscataqua was discovered by the set- tlers by chasing a wild goose around Great Island. In 1652 a grant was made to William Seavey of fifty acres of land, commencing by the south side of Mill Creek and running west to White Rock. The same land is now mostly owned by the Seaveys. The name of the first settler was William Berry. Among those who came soon after were Seavey, Rand, Brackett, Wallis, Locke, and Jenness. For nearly 456 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. one hundred years after the settlement of the town the inhabitants were but thinly scattered and most of them in low circumstances. The first deed ever given of land included within the limits of the town of Rye was given by Jane Drake, widow of William Berry, in 1669, to William Seavy, Sr., of house, land, and marsh on south side of brook that runs between land then owned by Wil- liam Seavy and Thomas Seavy. It appears that Wil- liam Seavy paid for this land before the death of William Berry, but failed to get a deed of it. From this we infer that William Berry died suddenly, per- haps, like others of the early settlers, was killed by the Indians, and that he died about the year 1669, in which the deed was given. Of the first settlers of Sandy Beach who came over in 1631, Thomas Seavy appears to have lived until 1708. The manner of his death is uncertain. Francis Rand was killed Sept. 29, 1691, while his son was out fishing. Twenty-one were killed at the same time, among them another of the first settlers. Capt. Anthony Bracket and others were captured, including two young children of the Brackets, — a boy, whom they recovered, and a girl, who was carried to Canada, and there married a Frenchman, and afterwards came back to claim her share in her father's property. One or more of the children killed at the time were dashed against a rock which stood in the road near Samuel M. Rand's. The tradition is that the stain of blood was to be seen for many years. The rock has since been removed to make, a highway. Capt. Bracket's house was set on fire. Some of his sons were at work in the salt marsh, and having the guns, went over to the garrison-house at Saunders' Point, now Foss' Beach. Thomas Rand, the son of Francis, who was killed, when he came from fishing, being a courageous man, followed them oyer to Bracket's and fired at them, which frightened them away. Old Mrs. Rand, nearly blind, supposed to be the wife of Francis, wa? killed by the Indians while her husband had gone to mill. She was appre- hensive of danger and begged him not to go, saying the Indians would kill her, but he made light of her fears, telling her there were no Indians this side of Lake Winnipiseogee. Great must have been his con- sternation to find on his return that her fears had been realized. This must have been very near the time that he was massacred. A little girl named Judkins, five years old, was captured in 1691, with her brother. Her brother was frozen to death when crossing Lake Winnepiseogee near Moultonborough. She was with them several years, and came near perishing with hunger. She lived to return, and afterwards married a Randall. She died in Moultonborough. A child named Es- ther, surname not given, was taken from the cradle about this time by the Indians while its mother was away ; her father bought her back with a keg of rum. She afterwards married a Waters, lived to a great age, became poor and deaf, and was supported by the town. Thomas Walford, another of the early settlers of Sandy Beach, who came over in 1631, was killed by Indians on the hill by John S. Remick's. Tradi- tion says that after he was shot he crawled on his hands and knees to where Robinson Foss now lives. His wife was accused of witchcraft. There is still on record an account of the trial of " Goodwife Wal- ford" at Portsmouth in 1658. The complainant, Su- sannah Trimmings, testified as follows: "As I was going home on Sunday night, I heard a rustling in the woods, which I supposed to be occasioned by swine, and presently there appeared a woman, whom I apprehended to be Goodwife Walford. She asked me to lend her a pound of cotton. I told her I had but two pounds in the house, and I would not spare any to my mother. She said I had better have done it, for I was going a great journey, but should never come there. She then left me and I was struck as with a clap of fire on the back ; and she vanished to- wards the water-side, in my apprehension, in the shape of a cat. She had on her head a white linen hood tied under her chin, and her waistcoat and petticoat were red, with an old gown, apron, and a black hat upon her head." Several other witnesses were ex- amined, but the case was not then decided, and was probably dropped at the next term of the court. Mrs. Walford afterwards brought an action for slander against Robert Coutch for saying that she was a witch and he could prove her one. The verdict was in her favor, — five pounds and costs. Another prominent person among the early settlers of the town of Rye was Capt. John Locke. He was a carpenter, the son of John Locke, of London, who married Christian French, July 26, 1624. He was born Sept. 16, 1627, and came from Yorkshire, Eng- land, in 1644. Tradition says that he first settled in Dover, where he had a tract of land, but this is prob- ably incorrect, as the earliest records of Dover con- tain no evidence that he ever resided or had a right of land there. From thence in 1852 he is said to have removed to what is known a> Fort Point in Newcas- tle. From Newcastle he removed to Sagamore Creek, where he resided until 1655, when he removed to Josselyn's Neck, afterwards called from him Locke's Neck, now known as Straw's Point, which was then a part of Hampton. Here, as it appears from the records of town of Hampton, " he sat down on com- mon lands." It appears that the town of Hampton was indignant at his taking such liberties without so much as saying "by your leave," and May 24, 1666, a committee was chosen to pull up his fence, and March 12, 1667, to warn him to desist from im- proving the town's land, and to notify him that the town is displeased with his building there. Complaint was made against him as a trespasser, and he was warned to appear at the next meeting and give an account of himself On the 8th of March, 1667, the town voted as follows: "Upon the motion of John Locke, who ^desireth to yield himself to ye HYE. 457 town of Hampton as an inhabitant amongst us, being already settled upon Josselyn's Neck in Hampton bounds, the town hath accepted of ye said John Locke for an inhabitant accordingly." From all which we see that he was a man of firmness and not easily driven from his purpose. At the present time, when men are allowed to become citizens at will, tlie oppo- sition of the town of Hampton to his settlement among them may not be easily comprehended. But the times were different. A settlement in its infancy would have been very much exposed to injury if no precautions had been taken in regard to receiving in- habitants. Mischievous and disorderly persons might have come in and harassed the settlers. This was foreseen and measures taken to prevent it. The power of admitting inhabitants and of granting them the privileges of freemen was strictly guarded. After the town was once organized, none were admitted from abroad without the permission of the freemen, so that their treatment of Locke was by no means exceptional, as will be seen from the following vote : "That no manner of person should come into the town as an inhabitant without the penalty of 20s. per week, un- less he give satisfactory security to the town." Capt. John Locke was an energetic, courageous man, very active against the Indians, and instrumental in defeating them in several of their attempts to de- stroy the inhabitants on the sea-coast, which excited their personal hostility; and they came from Canada, eight in number, with an expressed design, as ap- peared afterwards, to avenge themselves in his death. He was killed while reaping in his field, Aug. 26, 1696, at the age of seventy, though one account says seventy-eight. The first is probably more correct. The Indian is often spoken of as cherishing a deter- mined spirit of revenge, and we have come to' look on him in this respect as differing matmally from the white men. But human nature is essentially the same. The diflferenceis owing to circumstances. We have an illus- tration of this thirsting for levenge in the conduct of Capt. Locke's grandson. Though not born until 1702, six years after the death of his grandfather, such was the hostile feeling excited within him by the knowl- edge of the circumstance that he killed an Indian in peaceful times, alleging that the Indians killed his grandfather, thus visiting the punishment on an innocent representative of the race. This murder was committed on the spot where Deacon Jonathan Locke now lives. The first Jennesa, according to tradition, appears to have been Francis, a baker, who came with two brothers from Rye, England, he alone settling here, and from him probably the town of Rye received its name. The Rev. Mr. Porter, in his Half-Century Ser- mon, says that the town from its first settlement re- ceived the name it now bears, which was given, it is supposed, by reason of some of its first inhabitants coming from the town of the same name in England. Francis Jenness, so far as it appears, was the only one that came from that town, and hence we con- clude that the town received its name from him ; it is believed that he came previous to 1660. One ac- count states that he came with Anthony Bracket and Capt. John Lockp, but this is a mistake, as the com- ing of the one is known to have preceded by several years the coming of the other. In 1675 he received a grant of the common lands by the sea from the town of Hampton. He lived near the present residence of Mr. Sheridan Jenness, and is said to have died in 1716, aged eighty-two. The name originally was Jennings. The first Philbrick who came to Rye was Joseph, about the year 1700, and settled near the house of Francis Jenness, in the south part of the town. He was the grandson of Thomas Philbrick, who came from Lincolnshire, England, with Sir Richard Salsenstall, and settled in Watertown in 1630, and removed to Hampton in 1645, and died in 1667, very aged. Joseph died Nov. 7, 1755, in his ninety-third year. Joseph Brown also is said to have been one of the first settlers of the town of Rye, of which he was selectman in 1728. His grandfather, John Brown, was a baker, came from London, in England, in 1635, was one of the proprietors of Hampton in 1638, after- wards one of the largest landholders in the place. The Indian massacre at Portsmouth Plains and Sagamore Creek was on the 26th of June, 1696. Fourteen were killed and six were wounded. Among the wounded was Mrs. Mary Brewster, wife of John Brewster, Jr., great-grandson of Elder William Brew- ster, who came over in the " Mayflower." She was scalped and deeply wounded by a tomahawk, and was taken up for dead. She afterwards recovered, and became the mother of four sons, and lived forty-eight years, dying Sept. 22, 1744, aged seventy-eight. Five dwelling-houses were burned and nine barns. The attack was made at early dawn, and as the people awoke from their slumbers they were greeted by the light of their burning barns. Capt. Shackford, of Portsmouth, rallied his military company and pur- sued them ; their direction was through Long Swamp. In a course for Rye about four miles distant from the Plains, Capt. Shackford and his men discovered them with their plunder and captives; they were at break- fast, and had placed the four prisoners they had taken in a position to receive the first effect of a discharge of guns should they be suddenly surprised ; they were on the declivity of a hill, near the boundary line be- tween Greenland and Rye, which has been called Breakfast Hill from this circumstance. The company rushed upon the ground, rescued the prisoners and retook the plunder, but the enemy escaped and con- cealed themselves in the swamp till night; then in their canoes, which they had previously concealed in the bushes at Sandy Beach, they took their departure, and made their escape by going outside of the Isles of Shoals. , Another statement is as follows: At the time the 458 HISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Indians destroyed Portsmouth Plains by fire they lai^ded on Josselyn's Neck, now Straw's Point, by night, and as Capt. John Locke was reading his Bible on Sabbath morning, looking up he observed their canoes concealed in the bushes and scuttled them, which compelled the Indians to retreat by land. The town of Newcastle was incorporated in 1693. It embraced, in addition to its present limits, Great Island, and also that part of Rye extending from Little Harbor, now called Odiorne's Point, to Foss Beach. The present town of Eye was originally taken from Portsmouth, Greenland, Hampton, and Newcastle, and was incorporated April 30, 1726. Another account says 1718, but this is probably a mistake. At the time of its incorporation Jotham Odiorne and Samuel Bracket were appointed a com- mittee to settle with the selectmen of the town of Newcastle. It was for many years after its formation into a society styled the Parish of Rye in Newcastle. Only since the commencement of the American Rev- olution has it exercised town privileges. Before that time it acted in conjunction with Newcastle in the choice of representatives and in other usual town business, but a separation from the town of New- castle was agitated at an earlier period. March 1, 1758, as appears from the records, a town-meeting was warned, among other things, " to see whether the Parish will for to get off from going to the Great Island to choose Assembly men !" but no action ap- pears to have been taken. The first meeting-house was erected in 1725, and the next year, July 10, 1726, a church was organized. Other matters per- taining to the history of the town in its religious and educational aspects are of course omitted. The town has contributed more largely to the set- tlement of the interior of the State than any other according to its size. Epsom, Rochester, Barrington, Chester, and many others recognize many of their in- habitants as having been originally from this place, and the churches in a number of these towns were first formed in part by members removed from the Church of Christ here. . In 1753 scarlet fever extensively prevailed. Many children died, three or four in a family. 1761 the smallpox prevailed extensively. Rye Harbor was dug out in 1792 ; voted May 7th. One hundred and thirty-three days' labor appear to have been given. In the Canada or French war four- teen persons lost their lives in the service of their country, and thirty-eight in the war of the Revolu- tion by sea and land, most of them young men. Mr. Porter says twenty-eight ; but this is a mistake, as thirty-eight naines are recorded. Capt. Joseph Par- sons raised his own company in the war of the Rev- olution. Nearly all of them were from Rye. Ninety-five from this town served under him at difierent times, and at least four other commanders. How many privateersmen there were is not known. July 18, 1774, two deputies, Samuel Knowles and Samuel Jenness, were chosen to go to the convention at Exeter to choose delegates to a General Congress, and at the same time it was voted that the selectmen shall raise three pounds towards paying the delegates, and that the parish will defray the charges of the deputies. The town was visited with great sickness and mor- tality in 1803. More than two hundred and twenty persons were seized with diseases- of various kinds. Thirty-five died. In 1816 the spotted fever prevailed. The disease was so infectious and the mortality so great as seriously to alarm the inhabitants. The bur- ials were made by night. In the last war with Great Britain, March 18, 1813, an alarm list company of fifty-five officers and privates was formed in this town, of which Jonathan Wedgewood was chosen captain. Ninety-two from the town of Rye were engaged in this war, besides the alarm company. Eleven cav- alry served under Capt. James Colman, and the others in two companies of infantry, under Capts. Ephraim Philbrick and Samuel P. Berry. Sixteen served as privateersmen ; four were captured, two lost. Three — Robert Robinson, Richard R. Locke, and Nathaniel G. Lear — were put in Dartmouth prison. Dr. Joseph Parsons served as surgeon's mate on the ship "Orlando." Forty-eight applied for bounty land, under the act of March 3, 1855. As early as 1834, as appears from the records, the town committed itself by the following vote in favor of temperance : " Voted, that the selectmen shall not grant license to any person to retail ardent spirit in this town the present year." And March 8, 1836, it was further voted, " that no cigars or pipes shall be smoked in or about the meeting-house or school- houses on the Sabbath, under the penalty of one dollar fine for each and every offence, to be collected by a complaint before a Justice of the Peace by the sexton. Selectmen, or tithingmen." Educational.' — It is not probable that there was any organized school system until some time after the incorporation of the town in 1726, although what is known as the " moving school" is referred to soon after the parish was severed from Newcastle. The " moving school" was an institution peculiar to the early settlements, and was kept at private houses in different neighborhoods, so as to accommodate the children of as many families as circumstances would permit. The family that " entertained" the moving school of course boarded the schoolmaster, who was in those days considered quite a dignitary, second in importance only to the minister and the justice of the peace. Previous to any organized effort to establish public schools, the smaller children were taught by village 1 The foUowing interesting article was contributed by G. H. Jennesd, Esq., being an address delivered by bim at the dedication of the town hall in Eye, Nov. 19, 1863. RYE. 459 dames, which sounds large at first, but which, being interpreted, is generally acknowledged, I believe, to have been used as a genteel expression for "old maids." Those who desired to fit for college were generally taken in hand by the minister and prepared as well as their time and talents would allow. A few scat- tered academies afforded opportunities for those who possessed the means to acquire a fair education, but the mass of the people had to be contented with the facilities offered by the " moving schools.'' ********* Everything relating to our early school history is left in a very fragmentary and disjointed condition. The searcher after facts finds but few to gather, and those only recorded at irregular intervals. While the town records are very complete upon the important subject of ringing the bell, and while the town clerks have been commendably faithful in re- cording the names of all the great men who have filled the positions of " hog-reeve" and " fence- viewer," both leave us in blissful ignorance upon the vital sub- ject of education. The earliest date that I have been able to find upon the regular town records concerning school matters is March 23, 1729, when it was "Voted at said meeting that the Selectmen should be empow- ered to hire a schoolmaster and move him several times, as they see cause for the conveniency of the children's going to school." In 1731 it was " Voted that the selectmen be em- powered to hire a schoolmaster one-half of the year." In June, 1737, there was an article in the warrant " to see what you will do concerning a school," but as there is no action recorded, it is not probable that there was any school that year. In 1739, " Voted that there should be a moving school, and that every party that hath the benefit of the school shall provide a house to keep school in, and that the moving school shall be at the discretion of the Selectmen of the Parish." From 1739 to 1751 regular school appropriations were made, and in the latter year the question of a new school-house was agitated, and was a " lively" issue at many subsequent town-meetings. In 1751 the people were invited "to see if they will do anything concerning building a school-house in the Parish," and in 1752, to see if they will vote to build two school-houses. It will be observed that the town is spoken of as the parish for many years after its incorporation, and were there nothing but the records of the town clerks to guide us, we should infer that Eye continued to be a parish of Newcastle long after it is known to have been separate. In 1766 there were local dissensions and jealousies, and a first-class school row all over town. It finally culminated in a proposition "to see if the parish will vote the school money shall be divided, and let each party hire a schoolmaster according to their liking," and in 1757, " To see if the parish will settle the school in two places or settle the school at the Centre." The voting at the meeting was slightly contradictory, as will be seen by the following record : 1st. Voted that the school should be kept in the centre of the parish. 2d. Voted that the school be kept one-half of the year to the eastward of the meeting-house. 3d. Voted that the school be kept in two places above the meeting-house. Such voting as that sets at defiance the funda- mental law of physics, — that two bodies cannot oc- cupy the same space at the same time. How the difiiculty was finally adjusted does not appear, but in March 23, 1761, it was " voted that the school should be one-half above and the other half below the meeting'-house.'' In 1764 some unexpected fit of liberality seized upon somebody, for there was an article in the war- rant " to see if they will buy a school-house and lot with a house on it, or build a house for a school- master." The disease didn't spread, however, and, of course, the schoolmaster's house wasn't built. It is certain, however, that there were two school-houses built in town some time between 1764 and 1784, for in the latter year there was an article in the warrant " to see if the Parish will build a school-house or repair the old ones," and at a subsequent meeting the same year it was " voted that the selectmen re- pair the school-houses and put them in order." This proves that there were then at least two houses, and that they had built and knocked into a condition to need repairs since 1764. The school boys of those days were, in common parlance, a pretty tough set, for in two years from that time it was found neces- sary to build anew again, the repairs of 1784 being rather short-lived. In 1786 it was " voted there shall, be a new school- house built where the old one now stands between Mr. Johnson's and Mr. Nathan Knowles'." ' The cost was £14 9s. 6c?. It was but partially finished, however, for in Jan- uary, 1789, we find an article in the warrant " to see what the town will do to finish the school-house by N. Knowles ;" but as the school-house fever had somewhat subsided, no action was taken upon the matter. In April of the year it was voted " that there be winder sheters at the south school-house by N. Knowles." The recording of the vote indicates that a schoolmaster was quite as much needed as " winder sheters.'' In 1791, " Voted to build a school-house at the east end of the Parish." Cost, £34 18j!. Td. In 1796, " Voted the town shall be divided into 2 equal parts for to hire schools for each District." In 1797, "Voted the Selectmen shall keep 18 months school, the school to begin the 1st of May at both school-houses, and keep on five months, and shall begin the middle of November, and keep on 460 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. four months." After this there are no recorded votes worthy of special mention until 1816, when it was " voted that no scholar below the meeting-house shall go to the upper school, and none above the meeting-house shall go to the lower school." In 1826 two brick school-houses weJ-e' built in what are now the South and West Districts, and in 1827 two more were built in the Centre and East Districts, at an average cost of some $400 or $500 each. In 1827 the town was divided into two districts, each containing two school-houses. In 1833 tlie selectmen divided the town into four districts. In 1845 the town was redistricted, and the boundary lines defined. In 1854 it was " voted that the town convey by deed or otherwise to each school district the school-houses located in the same for their specific use,"- since which time every district has been entirely independent of the town in regard to the management of its local afiairs. Within three years a new school-house has been built in the West District at a cost of nearly $2000, and the South and East have been repaired at an aggregate cost of $1100 ; they are all in good order now, and are a credit to the intelligence and liberality of our citizens. The amount of money appropriated for school pur- poses in 1741 was £20 ; in 1744, £25 ; 1749, £60 ; 1792, £92 ; 1795, $177 ; 1797, $378 ; and in 1805, $467, which is the largest amount previous to 1825. From that year the amount gradually increased to $600, $700, $800, $900, and finally in 1870 to $1200, the present appropriation. Unlike most other towns in the State, the money is equally divided between the four districts, and thus every scholar in town is placed upon exactly the same footing in regard to the privi- leges of our schools. Up to the time of redistricting the town the select- men retained supreme control of all school matters, and hired the teachers when the people did not choose them in open town-meeting, which it appears they did in our early history. Among the incidental expenses of the schools, the bills for wood were nota- bly large, the old-fashioned fireplaces requiring a large amount in cold weather. The annual expense was from $25 to $43, and that for only two school- houses, and when wood was very cheap. Among other" incidentals" was-the regular charge for "going after teachers," from which it is inferred that the " applications" for a situation as teacher were not as numerous as at present. The usual expense for " going after teachers" was about $2, but in 1800 the selectmen had a bill, of $6.25 for hiring a school-mis- tress. Inasmuch as this item was about three times the usual amount, it must have been that the year 1800 was not a good year for " school-marms," or else the extra $4.25 was for constructive damages inflicted upon the selectmen's modesty. Of the teachers the records furnish but little in- formation. The only person mentioned is Christopher Gold (probably meaning Gould), who was in 1762 elected to keep school fot six months. We hear nO more of him until March, 1778, when it was "voted not to hire Master Gold any longer," from which I infer that he-taught most of the school time during the intervening eleven years. Through the courtesy of Thomas J. Parsons, Esq., I atn able to furnish from his private records the names of several of the teachers of previous generations. Among them may be mentioned Joseph Parsons and Eichard Webster, who taught in 1786 and 1787;" in 1789, '90, and '91, Peter "Mitchell and John Carroll; in 1783, James Dane; in 1794, John L. Piper. After them came at various pei-iods Samuel Willey, John French, a Mr. Sherburne, Noah Burnham, John W. Parsous, Rich- ard Webster, Jr., Joseph Dalton, Joseph Dame, Levi Merrill, Noah Wiggin, Thomas J. Parsons, John A. Trefethen, and scores of others.whose names are more or less familiar to you. The wages paid ranged from ten to twenty dollars per month exclusive of board, the earlier teachers being paid in the English cur- rency. Dr. John W. Parsons taught school and practiced medicine at the same time. Whenever he was called upon to attend the sick the children were dismissed and sent home. Sometimes after teaching school all day he would walk over to North Hampton to attend his patients there, returning home on foot in the evening. One of the old teachers, Levi Merrill, who taught at the East school-house, boarded at the house of a prominent resident of the district, and, as sometimes happens in such instances, formed an intimate ac- quaintance with one of the daughters, which speedily ripened into something decidedly like courting. The old man was opposed to the match, and in order to break up the arrangement refused to board the teacher at the next term of school. He went to one of the neighbors to board, and a little boy who attended school was employed by the teacher to carry letters to the fair damsel whenever the coast was clear, and the window was raised a little for a signal. The boy was handsomely rewarded for carrying the mail by being let off' from all the whippings he was supposed to de- serve, and still lives at threescore and ten to relate the story. He has held many positions of honor and trust in his town and State, and is familiarly known as " Squire Parsons." Contrary to all the cases laid down in the novels for our guidance, the. teacher didn't marry the girl after all, but only fanned the latent love into a little flame, and then completely extinguished it by marrying another woman. In later years Hall Locke is widely remembered for his scholarly attainments and eccentric manners'. In addition to his other accomplishments, he could do some first-class swearing whenever he thought the oc- casion demanded it, or whenever the school grew a little too noisy. At one time he had reasons for pun- ishing a boy who is yet living, whose hair in his youthful days was about the color of my whiskers RYE. 461 (red). Seizing his ruler he " went for" that young- ster for the purpose of '' reasoning'' with him by the only process then known among teachers. The boy, however, did not desire to be whipped just then, so he snatched his hat, darted out of the school-house and started off, with Locke following after in hot pur- suit. The master was a little lame, and the boy soon put a safe distance between himself and his dreaded enemy. As Locke saw him slowly but surely slipping out of his reach he flung his ruler after him with all the energy of a passionate man, and yelled out, ■*' Oh ! yon little yaller-headed , if I could get hold of ye, I'd fix ye!" Of the supervision of the schools the machinery was much more cumbrous than at present. The committeemen's visit was regarded as an event of great importance, and a vast amount of dignity was embodied in their long faces and stand-up collars. I had hoped to obtain a complete list of my predeces- sors, but the inexcusable negligence of the town clerks has rendered it impossible. The first committee on record is that of 1798, when it was " voted that Rev. Huntington Porter, John Car- roll, and Col. Joseph Parsons be a committee to in- spect the schools." The next year (1799) the same committee were re- elected, and the whole board of selectmen in the bar- gain. Now, ladies and gentlemen, it is bad enough to have 07(.e committee, it is worse to have three, but to send all the selectmen besides is pushing matters to that point " where forbearance ceases to be a virtue.' In 1812 the committee consisted of Rev. H. Porter and Dr. Joseph Parsons ; in 1813, Col. Thomas Goss, John W. Parsons, and Peter Jenness. In 1827 the State passed a special act in regard to the supervision of schools, since which time most of the small towns in New Hampshire have elected a committee consisting of only one person. From 1827 to 1856, by the most shameful remissness, there is no record whatever of school officers. How many blighted hopes and cherished ambitions slumber in that twenty-nine years of unrecorded greatness can never be fully known. Men who put on a bran-new shirt-collar, and submitted to every indignity of the toilet, who faced frowning schoolmasters and gig- gling school-girls, endured it all in vain, and have not even the poor boon of their names upon the town's parchment! After this, what is fame? In 1857, Charles J. Brown was elected superintendent committee, and was elected again in 1859-60, 1863, '64, '65, and '66. Levi T. Walker was elected in 1858, and again in 1861-62. Thomas J. Parsons was elected in 1867, and re-elected in 1868 ; G. H. Jenness was elected in 1869. In all systems of school discipline, until a compar- atively recent date, /orce was the controlling power. Every pupil was looked upon as a subject over which the master was the supreme ruler, and no king on his throne ever wielded a more despotic power. The idea of self-government in school never entered the heads of those old champions of the birch and cow- hide. Brute force and that alone was relied upon to conquer and keep in subjection the natural hilarity of youth. Under such management every school-room became a place to be shunned, and its occupants only went there because they felt obliged to. Every boy hoped and prayed for the day when he should feel able to "lick the master." That one word " master" tells the whole story between the past and present school civilization. No one the7i thought of being a teacher simply. The punishments were frequently severe, and some- times absolutely brutal. The stick, the ruler, and the rawhide were used for the most trifling offenses, and were always viewed as the necessary means of pre- serving even the semblance of good order. Every boy who had life and " snap" enough in him to elevate him above the level of a fool expected a daily whip- ping as much as he expected his supper, and felt really disappointed if he didn't get it. In my school-days it was considered sufficient punishment for any ordi- nary misdemeanor to be set back among the large girls, — a kind of punishment that has been aptly styled capital punishment, and a kind that the most of us felt able to endure. Upon one point all the records are conspicuously silent, — the absence of all intimation that woman had anything to do in the management of public schools under the old system. Our forefathers had not out- grown the idea that in all the practical avocations of life woman should be regarded as a subordinate and not as an equal. Hence if a man had a large family of children to educate, he did the best he could for the boys, and encouraged thegirig not to meddle with " book larnin'." Ecclesiastical History. — The town of Rye' origin- ally formed a portion of Portsmouth, Greenland, Hampton, and Newcastle. It was formerly called Sandy Beach, and after Newcastle was formed be- came a parish of that place. It was incorporated April 80, 1726. Prior to this time the town was des- titute* of a settled ministry of the gospel, the people attending public worship in the neighboring towns as was most convenient. The first petition for the formation of a new district, whereby they might en- joy the benefits of the gospel ministry, was under date of 172], as follows: \' Petition for a new Dietrict or Precinct^ 1721. " To his Excellency Samuel Shute Eaq' Capt, Gen' and Governor in chief in and over his Majti«» Province of New Hampshire &c. To the HonH" the Council & House of Representatives, now conven'd in Gen^i Assem- bly in & for sd Province : "The humble Petition of sundry the Inhabitants living about Sandy Beach, partly in New Castle, Hampton & Portsmouth, humbly shewlh : " That your Pefitioiiers, the subscribers hereof, have for these many years past lived under great inconveniences as to their having the free 1 So named by reason of some of its first inhabitants coming from a town of the same name in England. 462 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. benefit of the goapell, most of ua Living at great Distances from our Re- spective meeting-houasB, especially those belonging to New Castle ; — for that besides the great Distance wee live from thence, there is the great Inconvenience of a Ferry, by the Reasons of which for near halfe the yeare, Wee the Masters of families that are best able cannot but now and then attend upon the publick worship of God (as in Duty wee ai-e bou nd) and when wet^ Doe, It is many times late within Night e're wee can reach our habitations; And besides this great inconvenience to ourselves, there is much greater happens to the greatest part of our families (viz.) our women and children, who can rarely attend at all or not above two or three times in the yeare, and then but those that are groun to years; for our younger children that should imbibe in the precepts of the gos- pel! with their milk, cannot attend untill groun to some years; Wee having four, five & some more than six miles, besides the Ferry; And wee crtn now count amongst us above two hundred and forty or fifty souls, and not one third capeable to attend as wee are now circumstanced ; And we think ourselves capeable to maintain a minister of the Gospel, and. to give a Competent Liveing, as our neighbouring Pa' shes & pre- cincts do ; " Therefore wee, your humble Petitioners prays that we may be set off" a p'ticular precinct (from Mr. William Seveys and westward by the sea- side as far towards Hampton as the little Boars head or Little River, and back into the Country about three miles & a halfe or so far as in your wisdom shall see meet) and that we may be impowered to make and raise all our own Taxes and gather them: So prays your humble Peti- tioners. John Lock William Marden William Wallace Nemiah Beary John Brackett Nathaniel Beary Thomas Rand William Beary J'osliua Foss Samuel Beary Edward Lock Samuel Dovost B. Sevey James Marden William Lock Richard Goas Nicolas Hodge Ebenezer Berry James Fowler Joseph Brown Samuel Seavey Francis Lock Samuel Lock Jetliro Lock Isack Libe Stephen Beary Sacob Libe John Knowles James Lock Hezekiah Jennes John Garland Thos Junnes Ebener P/iiibrick • John Jennes Williiim Seavey Chris : Palmer James Seavey Samuel Sevey Philip Pain Richard Jannes Samuel Rand John Lock, jr Semuel Brackett Joseph Lock Joseph Seavey Nathanel Rand Thomas Rand Samuel DojVSt B. Seavy, jun Samuel Wallis Moses Seavy Willm Sevey jun. Petition to be set off as a new Parish or District, 1724. To the Honi>'« John Wentworth, Esq' Liv* Gov^ and Commander in Chief in and over his Majtr^ Province of New Hampshire in New England, and to the Honi^ie the Council for s* Province: The bumble Petition of the Inhabitants living in that part of New Castle called Little Harbour and Sandy Beach, and the Inhabi aits liv- ing at the Eastward of the Little River comonly so called, att the Eas- terly end of Hampton, next Sandy Beach, and sundry others of PortSm" Living near the s for "RiOHAED Kimball J SoZem." In the journal of proceedings of the convention of New Hampshire which adopted the Federal Consti- tution in 1788, Lieut. Thomas Dow, representative from Salem, voted no. In the convention of 1791, which met at Concord on the 17th of September to revise the Constitution of the State, Lieut. Thomas Dow represented Salem, and voted yes. The doings of the convention held in Concord in May, 1792, were submitted to the several towns of the State to vote on the subjects Aug. 27, 1792, and the vote of Salem was: yea, 9; nay, 1. From this time down to the war of the Rebellion the records are rather mo- notonous and show little else than commonplace civil affairs. What matters of general interest can be culled from the remainder will follow under their respective heads. CHAPTER LXXI. SALEU.— {Continued.) Ecclesiastical History, Etc. Congregational Church. — Frequent allusion has been made to this church in giving the history of the old North Parish, as it was intimately connected with the affairs of the parish for several years. Its organ- ization bears the date of Jan. 16, 1740, and took place in the dwelling-house of Eev. Abner Bayley. (This old house ,ljas since been owned by the late Isaiah Kelly, and is now owned and occupied by Nathan R. Bodwell, who has recently put it in thorough repair.) The frame of the first house of worship of this church was raised in 1738 and roofed over and enclose. 1 the fol- lowing year, and was first used for public worship in 1740. Rev. Abner Bayley was its first pastor, who was ordained Jan. 30, 1740, and continued as such for more than half a century. He died March 10, 1798, aged eighty-two years. His labors with the church were eminently successful, and he lived and died beloved and revered by all. In 1796, Rev. John Smith was invited by vote of the town to settle here in the work of the ministry. His answer is given below : " Salem, November 26, 1796. "To the church and Inhabitants of the Town of Salem— Haveing re- ceived an invitation by your committee to Settle with you in the Gospel ministry I have since made it a subject of serious and candid inquiry I hope I have consulted your best interest and the"glory of God in form- ing my Judgment upon so important a subject — the unanimity of your choice I view as aweiglity consideration in favor of my acceptance of your proposals for my temporal Support as I understand them I am willing to accept of, and viewing all circumstances as far as I am capable it appears to me that the c:ill of Divine Providence concurs with the in- vitation of the church and Town — I do therefore in comjiliance with your request, freely consent to settle with you in the gospel ministry Trust- ing the Event with god who is able to overrule it for our mutual happi- ness and for his own glory — if it should be the will of the great Head of the church that the relation proposed Should take place between us may it be for the honour of His name, for the Spiritual Edification of our Souls — from the past testimonies of your candour towards me I have great reason to expect that you will still continue to exercise that can- dour, forgiveness and charity for which you will frequently find occa- sion and I earnestly request youi- constant petitions at the Throne of Di- vine grace tliat I may faithfully Discharge my duty as a minister of Christ that I may be furnished with every ministerial gift and qualifica- tion that god would bles> his preached word and crown the ordinances of his gospel with success — Tiiat you may ever enjoy the smiles of our heavenly Father and be built up in holiness through faith in his Son Shall Ever be the prayer of your humble Servant "John Smith. "P.S. Tour proposals as I understand them are as follows — 'Three hundred dollars settlement voted \>y the town — three hundred dollars subscribed by private frentlemen — tliree hundred dollars Salary annually BO long as I continue to preach in Salem common sickness excepted — and fifteen cords of wood annually Brought to my door from the Par- sonage (lot) or elsewhere and tlie use of the parsonage in s^ town while I continue in the ministry.' — These are the Proposals upon which I ac- cept of your invitation "John Smith." Mr. Smith was ordained and settled Jan. 4, 1797. He was dismissed Nov. 20, 1816, and died at Bangor, Me., April 7, 1831. Rev. William Balch succeeded him, and was installed Dec. 1, 1819, and dismissed Aug. 6, 1835. He was followed by Rev. Jonas Fiske, who was ordained Sept. 9, 1840, and dismissed March 8, 1843. Rev. William Hayward wa^ next employed for a time, closing his labors June 6, 1847. Rev. Daniel H. Babcock commenced preaching here Aug. 22, 1847, and continued till Sept. 15, 1849. Rev. John Lawrence began preaching here Nov. 1, 1849, and re- mained for a time. Rev. William Page preached his first sermon before the church Dec. 5, 1852, and was SALEM. 475 installed pastor Deo, 1, 1853, but on account of fail- ing health he was dismissed Nov. 30, 1858. Rev. John Lawrence was again called to minister to the church in May, 1859,. and remained till May 11, 1862. Eev. Joseph Tarleton supplied the pulpit from May 8 to Dec. 7, 1862. Rev. George W. Rogers began to supply the pulpit Jan. 11, 1863, as acting pastor, remaining till the beginning of 1869. Rev. Matthew A. Gates commenced his labors as acting pastor December, 1869, and remained till the close of 1872. Rev. Samuel Bowker began his labors as acting pastor July 1, 1873, and closed Dec. 31, 1879. Eev. George A. Perkins began his labors here as acting pastor May 30, 1880, and still remains. Mr. Perkins was formerly a mis- sionary at Constantinople. The present house of worship was built in 1840, and the old " meeting-house," which had done good ser- vice for a century, reverted to the town and was altered, and has ever since been used as the town- house. It had previously (1833) been removed from its original site a few rods easterly, and placed upon the school-house common. There are a few reminis- cences preserved of the ancient church. The prin- cipal door was towards the river, two other doors, one at each end, also affording passage to the interior. The dimensions of the building are thirty-eight by forty feet. Rough temporary seats of plank sufficed until individuals built pews for their families, grad- ually completing " ye body of ye house." The ex- terior was plain and simple, no steeple adorned it, the windows were small and placed high up from the floor, the largest and most ornate one being back of the pulpit. The pulpit was lofty, and in looking at the preacher it required a painful inclination of the head and neck if prolonged for some time. The pewS were roomy and deep, and the seats in them all turned up against the back of the pew, while the congrega- tion were standing in devout prayer. The instant the pastor uttered the "Amen," — click, click, click, was heard all over the house as the seats fell down in place for the weary worshipers. No provision was made for warming the meeting- house; men, women, and children went to church in severe winter weather enduring the cold. Stoves and furnaces were unknown, and fireplaces were imprac- ticable for large buildings. It was not till 1824 that a stove was put into the church. The hallowed and old-time features of the house are gone, but its mas- sive oaken timbers are still strong and firm, and in shape and form it preserves a semblance of its former self The present church is pleasantly located in 'Salem village, on the main street. It has been re- modeled and improved, the building raised, and good vestries added. The audience room will seat two hun- dred and sixty persons. Church membership, fifty- two; Sunday-school scholars, fifty; volumes in library, three hundred and eighty-one. Officers of church: Moses A. Kelly and William P. Brooks, deacons; Edson Emerson, clerk and treasurer. Methodist Episcopal diurches.—From the best sources of information on record it appears that Rev. George Pickering, presiding elder on Boston District of the New England Conference, visited Salem in May, 1805, and preached in the house of Nathaniel Woodman. In the fall of the same year Rev. Daniel Webb assisted Mr. Pickering for several Sabbaths, and then Rev. Alfred Medcalf regularly supplied one- half of the time till the following Conference. In 1806 Salem was united with ''Salisbury Circuit," which reached from Salisbury, Mass., to Salem, and included the intermediate towns. From this time till 1831 Salem was embraced in a circuit, and regularly supplied with preachers, as follows : 1806, Alfred Medcalf; 1807, Joseph A. Merrill; 1808, Wm. Stevens, A, Medcalf, Thos. Asbury; 1809, Asa Kent, Edw. Hyde, David Wentworth ; 1810, Asa Kent, Benj. Sabin, John Jewett; 1811, John Wil- liams, Orlando Hinds ; 1812, Benj. F. Larrabee, O. Hinds; 1813, Leonard Frost, J. W. Hardy; 1814, L. Frost, Aaron Lummis ; 1815, Ebenezer Blake, E. Marble; 1816, Philip Munger, John Briggs; 1817, Philip Munger ; 1818, Bartholomew Otheman ; 1819, O. Hinds ; 1820, O. Hinds, J. P. Harvey ; 1821, J. P. Harvey, D. Culver; 1822, D. Dorchester, Jas. Tem- pleton; 1823, J. Randall, A. Buck; 1824, 0. Hinds, A. Buck; 1825, J. Allen; 1826, H. Foster, Sereno Fiske; 1827, Lewis Bates; 1828, Lewis and Lemuel Harlow ; 1829, L. Bennett ; 1830, L. Bennett. In 1831 the church in Salem had grown so that it was made a separate station, and the following min- isters were sent and labored here : 1831-32, Samuel Norris ; 1833, A. Brigham ; 1834- 35, Warren Wilbur. In the year 1836 the parent church divided, the offshoot locating itself at North Salem, while the old society removed from the old meeting-house on Bluff Street to Salem village. They had just erected a new meeting-house in the village. The building vacated had served them twenty-one years. It was a plain wooden house, thirty-six feet square, and covered with a " hip roof" It stood at the foot of " Zion's Hill," near the house of Orlando Woodbury. The interior was neatly but cheaply finished. The pulpit was high ; and in place of pews plank seats with a straight back were used, the men sitting on one side of the house and the women on the other. It accommodated about two hundred and fifty persons comfortably, yet many more used to crowd in on Quarterly Conference days, when the concourse was always so great that none but women could be seated, and the men stood outside at doors and windows, eager to hear the word of life. People from Sandown, Hampstead, Plaistow, and other towns attended these meetings. The old house was sold in 1840 to Col. John R. Wheeler, and a portion of it now stands in Salem village as a dwelling-house. Resuming the account of the original society we give a list of its pastors : 1836-87, Jacob Stevens ; 476 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 1838,8. Gushing; 1839, O.G.Smith; 1840^1, Matthew Newhall; 3842-48, A. M. Osgood; 1844-45, J. L. Slason ; 1846-47, A. C. Manson ; 1848-49, C. C. Burr ; 1850-51, William D. Cass; 1852, William Hewes; 1853-54, G. W. T. Rogers; 1855, Justin Spalding; 1856-57, J. L. Trefren; 1858-59, Elihu Scott; 1860, G. W. H. Clark ; 1861, Lewis Howard ; 1862' W. H. Jones; 1863-64, Irad Taggart; 1865-66, 0. H. Call; 1867-69, Theodore L. Flood; 1870-71, David W. Downs; 1872, Abram R. Lunt; 1873-74, Henry Dorr ; 1875-77, A. C. Coult ; 1878, N. P. Philbrook ; 1879- 81, Eben C. Berry ; 1882, W. C. Bartlett. This society rebuilt and enlarged its church in 1872. Spacious vestries were added, a new tower and spire erected, the pews remodeled, and organ loft and choir improved. The organ is one of the largest pipe-organs in use in country churches, and is an instrument of great power and capacity. The church property with parsonage in good repair is valued at eight thousand dollars. The Sunday-school is in a flourishing condition and has one hundred and six scholars, and has four hundred and twenty-five vol- umes in the library. Church membership, eighty- one. The oflScers of the church are as follows : Stewards, John C. Ewins, Nathan G. Abbott, Abraham H. Merrill, Charles 0. Kelly, Frank T. Kelly, Charles W. Chase, George Wilson, Francis B. Kelly, Silas Carey, Joseph Webster; Trustees, John W. Wheeler, William B. Ayer, Nathan G. Abbott, Francis B. Kelly, William W. Smith, Charles O. Kelly, Charles H. Ayer, George C. Howard, M.D., Andrew Lewis; Sunday-school Superintendent, Charles H. Ayer. The North Salem Methodist Episcopal Chukch was built in 1836 in that village. It was repaired during the pastorate of Rev. J. B. Holman. Valuation, twenty-two hundred dollars ; seating ca- pacity, two hundred and fifty ; number of Sunday- school scholars, thirty ; volumes in library, two hun- dred and twenty ; church membership, twenty-eight. Following is a.list of pastors : 1836, Warren Wilbur 1837-38, R. H. Spalding ; 1839-40, Samuel Prescott 1841-42, Warren Wilbur; 1843, J. S. J. Gridley 1844-45, e. B. M. Woodward; 1846-47, Benjamin D Brewster ; 1848, James Adams ; 1849-50, R. Tilton 1851-52, Benjamin R. Hoyt ; 1853-54, Stewart 1855-56, L. H. Gordon ; 1857-59, Abraham Folsom 1860, Samuel Beedle ; 1861-62, William H. Thomas 1863, J. W. Adams ; 1864-65, J. B. Holman ; 1866-68 Eleazer Smith; 1869-70, Joel A. Steele; 1871, A, Folsom ; 1872-73, S. J. RobinsOn ; 1874-75, William Stuart; 1876-77, George C.Powell; 1878, supplied; 1879, George H. Hastings; 1880-81, George W. Buz- zell ; 1882, supplied. Pleasant Street Methodist Episcopal Church is situated in the thriving and beautiful village of Salem Depot. It is centrally located, and its congregations are full and the society prosperous. The church edifice was erected in 1861, at a cost of three thousand five hundred dollars. It has a fine parsonage, valued at two thousand dollars. The church will seat three hundred persons. Sunday- school scholars, one hundred and twenty-eight; vol- umes in library, four hundred; church membership, one hundred. The following are the church officers : Stewards, Walter Woodbury, George W. Thom, Isaac Wood- bury, W. W. Haseltine, George Woodbury, Charles Kimball, Isaac Thom, Frank Kimball ; Trustees, George Woodbury, Charles Kimball, Rev. R. Dear- born, Eben B. Wells, Isaac Thom, Isaac Woodbury, George W. Thom, D. D. Fisk, Silas Hall. Following is a list of the pastors : Luther T. Town- send, D.D., D. C. Babcock, John Currier, J. W. Guernsey, Nelson M. Bailey, Reuben Dearborn, J. H. Haynes, A. W. Bunker, C. M. Dinsmore, O. P. Wright. First Baptist Church. — This church is at Salem Depot, situated east of the railroad, and is a neat and commodious structure, and was built in 1869, and re- modeled in 1875 at a total cost of four thousand dol- lars, seating two hundred and fifty persons. Rev. P. Richardson, Rev. John McKi.nley, and Rev. Eclward Mills served the interests of the society while it was a mission station of the First Baptist Church in Law- rence, Mass., from the year 1858 to 1865. Rev. C. H. Cole was recognized as pastor April 25, 1866, and served till July, 1867. Rev. E. A. Whittemore be- came pastor in May, 1873. He was succeeded by Rev. A. S. Stowell Aug. 1, 1875, who remained until the fall of 1880. The present pastor. Rev. M. N. Reed, began his labors with the church July 30, 1881. The Sunday-school has fifty scholars and two hundred and twenty volumes in its library ; church member- ship, sixty-four. Officers of the church : Pastor, Rev. M. N. Reed ; Deacons, T. C. Adams, A. E. Goodwin ; Clerk, A. E. Goodwin ; Treasurer, E. A. Goodwin. In the year 1818, Moses Dow left by will for the support of Methodism in Salem the sum of two thou- sand dollars. On the division of the society, in 1836, the North Salem Society retained and made use of it, claiming that they were the Methodist Church as con- stituted at the time of the bequest. The society at Salem village, through Rev. J. L. Slaaon, preacher in charge, brought suit against the other society for an equal division of the money, after trying in vain to induce the agent of the fund to accede to this plan. It was tried at the Court of Common Pleas in Feb- ruary, 1847, and a verdict given for plaintiff. The defendant moved a new trial, also an arrest of judg- ment, and carried the case to the Superior Court, which affirmed the previous decision, and on May 31, 1848, appears the record of a receipt from Mr. Alex- ander Gordon, agent of the Dow fund, in favor of Ebenezer Saunders and others, trustees of the First Methodist Episcopal Church or Society in Salem, N. H., of the sum of nine hundred and fifteen dollars and ninety-four cents. The great revival of 1820, under the labors of Rev. SALEM. 477 O. Hinds, was a remarkable religious movement. Upwards of eighty conversions took place, chiefly of persons of mature years. The late John A. Wheeler, Esq., father of Hon. John W. Wheeler, was one of the first converts. Three young men, natives of the town, were awakened and converted within a short time of each other, and all three felt divinely called to enter the ministry, wlTich they did in a short time. These are Abraham D. Merrill, Samuel Kelly, and Caleb Duston. The first was the son of Maj. Joshua Mer- rill, a respected and influential man, and for many years kept the old tavern at the junction of the At- kinson and Haverhill roads. He was born March 7, 1796. He was remarkable in his boyhood for his strength and muscular powers, and was capable of performing farm work, or engaging in the rough sports of the time, and successfully competing with full- grown men. At his thirteenth year few champions cared to wrestle with him, and he became the special pet of the arena in upholding the honor of the town against strangers, who often came to try conclusions at arms length. He was of a peaceful, diffident dispo- sition, and shrank from public notice, but was gen- erally coaxed to enter the lists by his admiring friends. He possessed a strong, rich voice, and was noted for his proficiency in vocal music, and taught it in Salem and adjoining towns when a young man. After entering the ministry, at twenty-six years of age, he went to La-ndaflf Circuit with his friend and townsman, Kev. Samuel Kelly, in June, 1822. This circuit was mostly in Grafton County, and embraced fourteen towns, and was two hundred and fifty miles around it. It took thirty-one days to complete the circuit, and they preached every day and held class- meetings. The old "circuit riders" bore the priva- tions of a scanty support and the toils of incessant labors with holy enthusiasm and success. A horse and saddle-bags, Bible and hymn-book were their outfit.. They preached and sung and prayed, winning souls and building up new churches. In 1828, Mr. Merrill left the circuit, and was sent to Massachusetts, and his remaining years were spent there chiefly. He was stationed in Boston twice, Lowell three times, Cambridge twice, Lynn three times. Providence, R. I., Springfield twice, Chelsea, and other places. He was married in 1817 to Nancy Morrison, daughter of Robert Morrison, of Windham, N. H., by whom he had eight children,— six sons and two daughters. Five of the sons are still living, the author of this history being of the number. He died in Dorchester District, Boston, April 29, 1878, in the eighty-third year of his age, and fifty-sixth of his ministry. Rev. Samuel Kelly is of the fifth generation from John Kelley, who came from Newbury, Berkshire, England, and settled in Newbury, Mass., in 1636. His great-grandfather, Richard Kelly, settled in Salem. The subject of this sketch was the son of Richard Kelly. His mother, Sibbel (Fletcher) Kelly, was the daughter of Rev. Samuel Fletcher, a Baptist minister, settled in Salem. The homestead is on the Derry road, and is now occupied by Asa Kelly. He was born Feb. 1, 1802. His father died when he was thirteen years old, and he lived with his uncle and worked on the farm and carpentering. He was con- verted at the age of fonrteen, but his enjoyment soon ceased, and at the great revival in 1820 he felt himself in need of a new consecration. After a great struggle he gave himself anew to God, and found peace and acceptance. He now thought to fit himself for his life-work" in the ministry by a nine years' course of study, — two years at Atkinson Academy, four years at Dartmouth College, and three years at Andover Seminary. But the exigencies of Methodism required his immediate service, and he reluctantly abandoned the proposed studies and went to work. His first ap- pointment was on Landaff Circuit, with A. D. Merrill, as we have previously noticed. Subsequently he preached in Vermont on large circuits (Sutton, Mont- pelier, and Lyndon), Sandwich, Gilmanton, North- field, Newmarket, Concord, Nashua, Portsmouth, Bristol, N. H., Charleston, Newburyport, Waltham, Lynn, Boston, Quincy, Muss. He also served as chaplain in the State prison at Concord, N. H., two years, and at four sessions or years in the New Hamp- shire Legislature, and one year as chaplain in the Vermont militia, and eleven years as chaplain of the " National Soldier's Home," Quincy, Mass. He was married twice, first, to Mary A., youngest daughter of John Sherburne, of Concord, N. H., May 17, 1827. She died Nov. 29, 1828, leaving an infant daughter, now the wife of Andrew S. Smith, Esq., of Contord. His second marriage was with Emeline Robinson, daughter of Abednego Robinson, of Portsmouth. By this marriage they had seven children, all deceased except the youngest, Samuel R., who graduated at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., and is pro- fessor and teacher of elocution in the New England Conservatory of Music, Boston. Rev. Mr. Kelly is now residing at Quincy, Mass., and is a hale and vigorous octogenarian, having entered upon the eighty-first stage of his life. He labors as hard as ever, studying, preaching, pastoral work, etc. His name has been on the roll of the New England Con- ference for sixty years, and has done effective service for the cause of God and the church. Rev. Caleb Duston was born in Salem, N. H., May 4, 1796. He was converted at the age of sixteen years, and joined the Metl»odist Episcopal Church. When twenty-one, dissatisfied with his Christian experience and life, he sought the Lord anew, and received a blessing with which came the spirit's call to the min- istry. In 1822 he joined the New England Confer- ence, and was twenty-five years an itinerant preacher, and fought in the years of " Methodism's age of chiv- alry," when every preacher was " a mounted knight armed with Paul's panoply and a commission from the great Captain, with the Word of God and Metho- dism's doctrines and songs." His appointments were 478 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. as follows : Bridgewater, Landaff, Canaan, and Leb- anon. Norwich, Vt. , Barnard, Vt., Oxford and Hav- erhill, Manchester, Henniker, Guilford, Vt., Wil- mington, Vt., Milton, Seabrook, Kingston, Epping, Sandown, andGoffstown. He married, in 1817, Eliza (Kelly) Duston. Of his family we know but little. His son, Isaiah A. Duston, resides in Derry, and is deputy sherifffor Rockingham and Hillsborough Coun- ties. In 1848 he located in Derry, N. H., and died suddenly, without warning, Feb. 9, 1873. His last testimony was satisfactory. In it he spoke of his Christian experience as a definite and gracious reality, and he doubtless answered his Master's call with joy. Rev. John M. Merrill was the oldest son of Rev. A. D. Merrill, and was^orn in Salem, N. H., Nov. 2, 1819. He was fifteen years an effective minister of the New England Conference, and was stationed at Spencer, Winchendon, Weston, West Springfield, Newbury- port, and other places. Failing health compelled a change, and he entered business life in the employ- ment of the Downer Kerosene Oil Company, in Boston, and Corry, Pa., and was superintendent of the works at South Boston at the time of his decease. He married Mary Ann Bassett Partredge Hill, of Holliston, Mass., by whom he had nine children. He died in Boston, March 17, 1881, aged sixty-two years. Schools. — The earliest school kept in town was in the winter of 1744-45, and lasted two months. The schools were kept very irregularly from this time till 1800, probably not more than every other winter at best. In 1800 the town set off nine districts, and it was not long before as many schools were opened, and continued regularly year by year ever since. The names of ninety-one masters and twenty-nine mistresses appear on the records. In 1826, Rev. Wil- liam Balch was chosen superintendent of schools, it being the first instance in the town's history. The report of the superintendent of. schools for last year furnishes the following : Districts, 10 ; scholars (winter terms), 170; average attendance, 159; value of school- houses, etc., §7000. Organizations, Associations, etc, — Spicket Lodge, No. 85, A. F. and A. M., was chartered on the 10th of June, 1868, A. L. 5868, by the Most Wor- shipful Grand Lodge of New Hampshire. It worked under a dispensation granted by Worthy Grand Master John R. Rowell, Jan. 7, 5868, empowering it to work under the above name.* On the 3d of Sep- tember the lodge was regularly consecrated by Deputy j Grand Master Stanly, under direction of Most Wor- j shipful Grand Master Alexander M. Winn. The j original members and petitioners for the charter are j George K. Whitney, Matthew H. Taylor, James Ayer, George C. Gordon, John H. Lancaster, Joseph Webster, John R. Wheeler, Theodore L. Flood, C. A. Bradley, George W. Lowell, B. R. Wheeler, George N. Austin, John S. Whittaker, Thomas Dus- ton, John Halliwell, Lewis A. Hunt, L. W. Taylor, Giles Bennett, George H. Taylor, George Lightfoot, S. T. Newell, Eleazer Smith, A. S. Hill, C. 0. Talbot, N. M. Bailey, James A. Troy, R. A. Tilton, John W. Wheeler, Richard Taylor, D. N. Russ, William H. Woodbury, Levi Cluff, John H. Havey, E. G. Dus- ton, and George W. Rogers. Its organization under charter took place Nov. 26, 5868, with George K. Whitney, W. M., and James Ayer, Sec, and Rev. C. A. Bradley, Chaplain. Its present officers are Levi Cluff, W. M. ; C. T. Maxwell, S. W. ; William R. Wheeler, J. W. ; L. W. Taylor, Treas. ; James Ayer, Sec. ; Henry Strong, S. D. ; J. Q. Cluff, J. D. ; George W. Palmer, S. S. ; David Sloan, J. S ; N. G. Abbott, Chaplain ; B. R. Wheeler, Marshal ; Joseph Webster, Pursuivant; R. A. Tilton, Chorister; John R. Wheeler, Tyler; James Ayer, Rep. to G. L. Past Masters to date of March 25, 1882 : 1st, G. K. Whitney; 2d, J. A. Troy; 3d, George C. Gordon; 4th, D. N. Russ ; 5th, George C. Howard ; 6th, B. R. Wheeler ; 7th, George C. Gordon. Membership to date, 67. The Masonic Association have built a fine hall for the use of the lodge, and also have beneath it a public hall and store which they rent. Rockingham Commandery, No. 101, U. O. G. C, was instituted June 16, 1880, by J. H. Morgan, D. S. C, and George C. Howard as Noble Commander, and James Ayer, Noble Keeper of Records, were in- stalled, together with a full list of officers. The order confers a sick and death benefit,' the latter ranging from five hundred to ten thousand dollars ; admits ladies to membership. No person is eligible but those of sound health, good moral character, temperate, and competent to earn a livelihood. Entrance fees, ten dollars. Dr. G. C. Howard, Medical Examiner. Its present officers are, R. Coburn, N. C. ; Mrs. E. A. Kelly, y. N. C. ; J. Ayer, W. P. ; Mrs. S. A. Martin, N. K. of R. ; G. C. Howard, F. K. of R. ; J. A. Mar- tin, Treas. ; John F. Hall, W. H. ; Mrs. L. A. Ayer, W. I. G. ; Charles B. Smith, W. 0. G. ; Winfield S. Senter, P. N. C. Present membership, twenty, with applications pending. The Provident Mutual Relief Association, Sub- association No. 44, numbers seventeen members, with several applications pending. It secures its members a benefit at death for the relief and assistance of loved ones left behind. Its charter is dated Dec. 6, 1879. Officers: James Ayer, Clerk; George C. Howard, M.D., Medical Examiner ; C. I. Bowker, S. B-. Goodrich, and B. R. Wheeler, Trustees. Granite Colony, No. 11, United Order Pilgrim Fathers, was instituted March 6, 1880, and at its organization Rev. Alfred S. Stowell was installed Governor, and Charles B. Smith, Secretary. It met at Salem Depot, and is reported to be in a flourishing condition. Present membership, forty- nine. Its officers are M. P. Thompson, Governor; N. J. Webster, Lieutenant-Governor; C. B. Smith, Sec. ; George P. Ramsdell, Coll. ; W. W. Merrill,' Treas. ; R. H. McDonald, Chap. ; William F. Rowell', SALEM. 479 Sergeant-at-Arms ; Hattie A. Hunt, Dep. Sergeant-at- Arras ; Lydia A. Howe, 8. of I. G. ; J. A. Troy, 8. of O. G. ; Sidney P. Gage, ex-Governor. Salem Temperance Reform Club was organized and established in 1875, and has continued to be a power- ful factor in the work of temperance. It meets twice a month in the Methodist Vestry, Salem village. Present officers: C. L. Silver, President; G. Wilson, C. 0. Kelly, and Mrs. C. H. Ayer, Vice-Presidents ; Olive Carey, Secretary ; and E." G. Sloan, Treasurer. The industrial statistics of Salem are not as complete as the importance of this history demands, but we present them as well as possible. The Methuen Company's Granite Quarries, formerly Gage's, are in the western part of the town, and are rented and worked by David S. Crockett. He employs at present fifteen ledge men and ten stone- cutters, and produces stone to the value of eight thou- sand dollars yearly. These quarries are by no means fully developed, the quantity of stone being well-nigh inexhaustible. The stone is of a light, bright, and clear color, and when hammered presents a brilliant and fine appearance. It works to a very fine edge without crumbling, which adapts it admirably for the finest carving or decorative work. Mills and Lumber. — On Hittititty brook, near Bluff Street, is an old saw-mill, which has been in active use for many years, and a large amount of lumber sawn. It is now owned and operated by Wil- liam G. Crowell, Esq., is supplied with good and im- proved machine}' for the various branches of work carried on. Value of buildings, machinery, etc., five thousand dollars. Employs ten hands, and produces five hundred thousand feet of lumber annually, at an approximate value of six thousand dollars. Hon. Matthew H. Taylor has a saw- and grist-mill on Spicket River, North Salem, and is doing a good business in the manufacture of lumber. He was for- merly largely engaged in the production of woolen goods, and had a factory and many operatives em- ployed. A disastrous fire consumed the mill, since which time the valuable mill privilege has remained unimproved, and the village has suffered from the consequent inaction. Hon. John W. Wheeler has just completed a fine mill, located on the mill privilege first obtained and used by John Allen, nearly a century ago, midway between North Salem and the old village on Spicket River. He manufactures frocking and flannels. We could not get the statistics of his business, which is probably greater than that of any other firm in Salem. Thomas Duston, Esq., has a woolen yarn mill on Spicket River, North Salem. He also makes gents' socks, gloves, and mittens a specialty. Value of buildings, machinery, etc., ten thousand dollars. Em- ployes, twenty, and produces ten thousand pounds of yarn, five thousand dozens of gloves and mittens an- nually, at a value of twenty thousand dollars. John F. Hall is a manufacturer of carriages, etc.. at Salem village. He has a two-story and base- ment brick building, erected in 1877, well furnished with the requisite machinery, tools, etc., of his trade. Uses steam-power. He is also a dealer in agricultural implements. The shoe business has been and still is to some ex- tent carried on in Salem. Until his recent closure, W. H. H. Kelly had the largest manufactory in town, occupying Wheeler's brick building in the village, and employing about one hundred hands, using steam- power, and turning out a fine grade of work. Thornton M. Russ has a shop at the " Centre," and employs seventeen hands, uses steam-power, and does a fair line of business. Oliver G. Woodbury's shoe- shop is on Bluff near his residence. It runs steadily, employs fifteen or twenty hands, and uses steam. There are one or two small shops running at the Depot villages. The Evans Artificial Leather Company have their manufactory at Salem Depot, built in 1880. It stands just west of the tracks of the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad. The four buildings are of brick, the main building being one hundred and twenty feet long, thirty feet wide, and three stories high, with an an- nex sixty feet long and thirty feet wide, of one story. The engine and boiler-house is fifty-five feet long and seventeen feet wide, and contains a fine engine of fifty- horse power, and two boilers.. Between this and the main building, under the railway, is a large " boiler" for condensing waste steam. There is a fire-proof store-house located near the railroad tracks, and stables, coal-sheds, etc. The grounds are tastefully laid out with lawns and macadamized paths and roadways. All goods are re- ceived and shipped to the cars by a private track connecting the works and railroad. Aj 0. Barstow is superintendent, employs twenty-five hands constantly. Capital, five hundred thousand dollars; produces six hundred thousand yards of artificial leather annually. Estimated market value, four hundred and fifty thou- sand dollars. Cost of buildings, machinery, etc., sixty thousand dollars. Uses four hundred tons of coai, and two thousand barrels of naphtha a year. Boston oflSce, 92 Pearl Street ; C. A. Evans, agent. There are two grocery-stores at the " Centre" village, kept by N. G. Abbott and C. I. Bowker. The latter is postmaster, and the post-oflSce is at his store in " Masonic Building." At Salem Depot are two stores, kept by J. C. Carey and W. A. Kimball. The post- office is at the railroad station ; J. A. Troy, postmaster. North Salem has oue store, kept by Levi W. Taylor. There are no public-houses in Salem, the hotels that formerly graced or disgraced the town having been closed for some two or three years. There are, how- ever, two places open to transient guests, one at the " Centre" and the other at Salem Depot, kept by Francis B. Kelly and George Woodbury, respectively. They are private homes, but any who may chance to share of their hospitalities and comforts will enjoy 480 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the quiet and peaceful content seldom experienced in taverns. It is perhaps needless to add that these households are highly respected, temperate, and Christian families. Military Record, 1861-65. — List of names of soldiers, credited to the town of Salem in the war of the Rebellion, 1861-65. The town records are very- meagre and faulty and uncertain. This list has been made from the best obtainable sources, and as far as it goes may be relied on as correct. Owing to the great diflBculty in getting particulars of enlistment, service, etc., it is deemed best to confine the list to the names simply. Jolm W. Austin. William J. BodweU. Cliarles Bodwell. Timothy Breen. DrtVid BartU'tt. Benjamin W.Claff. Geort^e Clark, Cliarlea C. Foster. Issachar 0, Foster. Hiram B. Foster. Benjamin D. Foster. Junii's F. Fletcher. Jiicob B. Hall. Joseph Hibbert. Isaiah M. Kelly. MoBes D, Rowell. Edmund G. Kimball. Levi W. Siinouds. Benjamin WJieeler. James T. Wallace. Sylvester 0. Woudbury. Geurge W. Taylor. Charles H. Thnmpson. Charles H. Kelly. John H, George. Jemme Kelly. Michael Haley. Osilvia Connor. Wm. H. F. Chase. John B. Pattee. George M. Whidden. David Sloan. George L. Kelly. Edward B. Mosher. Henry W Woodbury, Cyrus S.DoUoff. Wni. G. Cole. Charles W.Gould. Ido K. Morrison. Wm. E. Caien. John C. McArthur. John P. Bodwell. George C. Gordon. Oliver Lee. C. M. Hanson. S. B. Hazflton. Simon C. Kelly. Aaron Goodwin. Charles Newell. J. L. Prince. John Robinson. Wm. L. Stanton. Cliarlea A. Adams. Barzilla Brown, navy. A. J. Buckingham. J. K. Sexton. Daniel Wilson. T. B. Middleton. George Sumner. Walter B. Kelly. T. T. W. Clark. Charles Lundberg. S. A. Foster. George L. Jennings. George L. Hunt. K. S.Perry. John W. Adams. Charles E. Bailey. John H. Jennings. Warren E. Kimball. John Woodbury, 2d. Melvin Lowell. Frank W. Clnff. Edwin H. Kelly. James W. Smith. Isaac N. Clnff. James H. Foster. Wm. F. Mansfield. George H. Pattee. Benjamin F. Hall (capt.). Milton F. Austin. Charles H. Hall. Leverett C. ClufF. Benja. R. Wlieeler (lieut.). Oilman E. Sleeper (lieut.-col.). Jeremiah D, Drew (col.). Orlow Austin. Charles 0. Kelly. J. H. Langley, navy. Charles T. Maxwell. S. H. Wilson. Calvin Cookson. Edward M. Cooper. James Donly. Edward Drew. Heniy T. Marsh. George Morton. John Thomas. John Williams. L. J. Abbott. John Brady. Charles Butler. A. M Cantield. ThomaH H. Holland. John Jameson. Antonio Leonardi. John McFarland. F. RolofT. Charles H. Smith. Benja. J. Springsteel. James R. Goodwin. Charles R. Manning. A. G. Buckman. George Howard. J. Whayland. Charles Shamboo. Wm. Sherry. Harry Kickins. Wm. McCabe. Charles Gardner. Thomas Brown. Henry Farrell. Edward Delihanty. J. McDonald. George Watson. John Farry. J. Cummings. Alex, McDonald, Henry A. Chase. Charles Cooper. Aaron Hamblett. Post Gilman E. Sleeper, No. 60, Grand Army Re- public, was organized July 1, 1881. Its first Com- mander was Benjamin R. Wheeler. Its present of- ficers are James A. Troy, P. C. ; B. C. Chase, S. V. C. ; David Sloan, J. V. C. ; J. F. Chase, Adjt. ; I. O. Fos- ter, Qr.mr. ; J. C. S. Twichell, 0. D. ; Charles C. Foster, 0. G. ; Wm. L. Bradford, S. M. STATISTICS OF THE TOWN OF SALEM, 1881. Acres of land 12,845 Horses, etc 329 Oxen 37 Cows 647 Sheep 74 Breeding hogs 25 Dogs Vi2 State, county, andtown taxes $9,343 86 Highway tax $1500 00 Value stock in trade 812,534.00 Money on hand at interest or on deposit $17,7411.00 Stock in bank8,etc $1,700 00 Total valuation $578,658.00 Polls 483 Value mills, machinery, etc $11,450.00 Neat stocks, besides those before noticed, animals. 80 Value of town farm §2,500.00 Value of town house $1,00.00 Cows on town farm 9 Horses on town farm 1 Acres on town farm 100 Bate per cent, of tax on SlOOO $16.10 Population of town i 1900 The thanks of the author are due to those citizens of Salem who have rendered him assistance and timely aid in its compilation. Especially would he acknowledge the services of James Ryer, Esq., and William G. Crowell, Esq. CHAPTER LXXII. * SALEM.— ( Coniinued.) CIVIL HISTORY. As setting forth the degree of influence and promi- nence certain citizens of the township have reached, as well as estimating public worth, as usually ex- pressed by the inhabitants of rural towns, there fol- lows a complete record of the selectmen of Salem, year by year, from the earliest period to the present time, those from 1743 to 1749 being for the old dis- trict of Methuen : 1743.— Daniel Peaalee, Henry Sanders, Isaac Clough. 1744.— Nathaniel Dow, Daniel Cresy, Henry Sanders. 1745.— Henry Sanders, Nathaniel Dow, William Richardson. 1746.— Daniel Peaslee, Henry Sanders, William Richardson. 1747.— Henry Sanders, Nathaniel Dow, Richard Kimball. 1748.— Henry Sanders, John Ober, John Hall. 1749.— Daniel Peaslee, William Sanders, Peter Merrill. 1750.— Salem incorporated. Nathaniel Dow, Seth Pattee, John Ober, Jonathan Wheeler, Richard Dow. 1751.— Ebenezer Ayer, Benjamin Wheeler, Edward Clark. 1752.— Obadiah Eastman, Peter Merrill, Ebenezer Woodbury. SALEM. 481 1753.— Daniel Peaslee, Timothy Johnson, Joseph Wright. 1754.— Joseph Wright, Edward Carloton, Willium Sanders. 1756.— Richard Dow, Peter Meirill, Benjamin Wheeler. 1756.— Peter Merrill, John Hall, Jr., Joseph Wright. 1757.— Obediah Eastman, Joseph Wright, Andrew Balch. 1758. — John Hall, Jr., Joseph Wright, Obediah Eastman. 1769.— Daniel Massey, Edward Clark, Nathaniel Woodman. 1760. — Daniel Massey, Daniel Peaslee, Edward Clark. 1761. — John Hall, Jr., Obediah Eastman, Thomas Douglass. 1762.— .John Hall, Jr., Obediah Eastman, Richard Dow. 1763. — John Hall, Jr., Benjamin Wheeler, John Currier. 1764. — Simon Bradford, Timothy Bedel, Jonathan Wheeler, Jr. 1765. — Joseph Wright, Obediah Eastman, John Giles. 1766. — Joseph Wright, Obediah Eastman, John Giles. 1767. — John Hall, Moody Morse, Caleb Duston. 1768.— John Hall, Abraham Dow, John Kelly. 1769.— John Hall, Caleb Duston, John Kelly. 1770.— John Hall, John Kelly, Caleb Dnston. 1771. — John Hall, John Kelly, Jeremiah Dow, 1772. — Zachariah Woodbury, Caleb Dustou, Daniel Corliss. 1773. — Peter Merrill, Jonathan Tenny, Daniel Gordon. 1774. — Caleb Duston, Jesse Merrill, Jeremiah Dow. 1775.— John Hall, John Kelly, Caleb Duston. 1776.— William Hall, Amos Dow, Richard Messer. 1777.— William Hall, Amos Dow, Richard Messer. 1778. — Moody Moi-se, John Allen, Zachariah Woodbury. 1779. — Caleb Duston, Jeremiah Dow, Asa Dow. 1780.- Benjamin Bixby, William Thom, Abbot Pettingill. 1781.— Abbot Pettingill, William Thom, Thomas Runnels. 1782.— Abbot Pettingill, William Thom, Thomas Runnels. 1783.— Abbot Pettingill, William Thom, Thomas Runnels. 1784. — William Thom, Amos Dow, Benjamin Woodbury. 1785. — Jeremiah Dow, Benjamin Woodbury, Nathaniel Gorrill. 1786.— James Webster, William Thom, Richard Kimball. 1787.— William Thom, Henry Little, Richard Kimball. 1788.— Caleb Duston, James Webster, Elijah Hall. 1789.— William Thom, James Webster, Elijah Hall. 1790.— William Thom, James Webster, Elijah Hall. 1791.— William Thom, James Webster, Elijah Hall. 1792. — Jeremiah Dow, Richard Kimball, Samuel Webster. 1793. — James Webster, Oliver Kimball, Thomas Smith. 1794.- William Thom, Elijah Hall, Thomas Smith. 1796.— Jesse Webster, Elijah Hall, David Allen. 1796. — Jesse Webster, Nathaniel Belknap, Silas Betton. 1797. — James Webster, Silas Betton, Thomas Dow. 1798. — James Webster, Jesse Webster, Joseph Wardwell. 1799.— Jesse Webster, Thomas Dow, Elijah Hall. 1800.— Elijah Hall, Joshua Merrill, David Allen. 1801. — Nathaniel Gorrill, Joshua Merrill, David Allen. 1802.— Elijah Hall, Israel Woodbury, Silas Betton. 1803. — Silas Betton, Israel Woodbury, Hezekiah Jones. 1804.— Israel Woodbury, David Allen, William S. Kelly. 1806. — Joshua Merrill, Jesse Webster, .John Clendenin. 1806. — Joshua Merrill, Israel Woodbury, John Clendenin. 1807. — Joshua Merrill, Israel Woodbury, John Clendenin. 1808. — Joshua Merrill, Edmund Brickett, Jedediah Carleton. 1809. — .Tohn Clendenin, Benjamin Gordon, Richard Pattee. 1810. — John Clendenin, Israel Woodbury, John Allen. 1811. — John Clendenin, Israel Woodbury, John Allen. 1812. — Joshua Merrill, Israel Woodbury, Jonathan Merrill. 1813. — Silas Betton, Joshua Merrill, Jonathan Merrill. 1814. — Israel Woodbury, Jonathan Merrill, Richard Pattee. 1816.— Joshua Merrill, Richard Pattee, John Allen. 1816.— Richard Pattee, John Allen, Pearson Titcomb. 1817. — John Woodbury, John Allen, David Duston. 1818.— John Woodbury (2), David Duston, John J. Clendenin. 1819, — John Clendenin, Francis Smith, Jonathan Kimball. 1820. — Joshua Merrill, John Woodbui7 (2), David Duston. 1821.— Joshua Merrill, John Woodbury (2), Silas Betton. 1822.— .John Woodbury (2), John H. Clendenin, John Allen. 1823.- John H. Clendenin, John Allen, Joseph Kimball. 1824.— John Allen, John Woodbury (2), Pearson Titcomb. 1826.— Thornton Betton, John Clendenin, John C. Ewins. 1826.— Thornton Betton, John Clendenin, John C. Ewins. 1827.— Thornton Betton, John C. Ewins, John Clendenin. 1828.— Joshua Merrill, John Merrill, Thornton Bettou. 1829.— John Clendenin, John Merrill, David Messer. 31 1830.^David Messer, John H. Clendenin, Joseph Taylor. 1831. — Asa Woodbury, Caleb Prince, Asa Gage. 1832.— Caleb Prince, John Kelly, Nathan Currier. 1833. — Aquila Dow, John H. Thompson, Joseph Thom. 1834. — John H. Thompson, John F. Tenny (but two this year), 1835. — John H. Thompson, Jolm F. Tenny, Richard Woodbury. 1836.— David Messer, John Kelly, John H. Clendenin. 1837. — Richard Woodbury, Joseiih Taylor, Abner Gage. 1838.— John Kelly, Thomas Webster, Beniah B, Gordon. 1839. — John Kelley, Thomas Webster, Nathaniel Woodbury, 1840. — John F. Tenny, Nathaniel Woodbury, Thomas Duston. 1841. — John F. Tenny, John Emerson, Nathaniel Woodbury. 1842. — John Emerson, John Kelly, Moores Bailey. 1843. — David Messer, Moores Bailey, Obadlah Duston. 1844. — Moores Bailey, John F. Tenny, Obadlah Duston. 1845. — David Messer, Obadiah Duston, John Emerson. 1846. — Moores Bailey, John A. Messer, John Marston. 1847. — Moores Bailey, John A. Messer, Richard Woodbury. 1848. — John H. Dunlap, David Messer, Obadiah Duston. 1849. — Moores Bailey, Charles Day, Enoch Taylor. I860.— Moores Bailey, Enoch Taylor, Charles Day. 1851.— John R. Wheeler, Aaron G. Wilson, Samuel Kelly. 1852. — David Messer, Israel Woodbury, Jr., Obadiah Duston. 1863. — Israel Woodbury, Jr., Levi Emery, Jr., David D. Bailey. 1864. — John R. Wheeler, John Taylor, Jr., Isaac Woodbury. 1866. — Isaac Woodbury, Amos Dow, Willard G. Smith. 1856. — Isaac Woodybur, Joseph Webster, Charles Austin. 1857. — Joseph Webster, Charles Austin, William G. Crowell. 1858.— William G. Crowell, James Taylor, Josiah Cluff. 1859.— Charles Kimball, Albertus Coburn, George W. Merrill. 18C0. — Geoige W. Merrill, James Taylor, Edward Griffin. 1861.— George W. Merrill, James Taylor, Edward Giiffln. 1862.— William G. Crowell, George N. Austin, Jolin Clark. 1863.— Charles Austin, John W. Wheeler, John Clark. 1864.— William G. Crowell, John W. Wheeler, Daniel N. Russ. 1865. — George N. Austin, Matthew H. Taylor, George C. Gordon. 1866.— Matthew H. Taylor, George G. Gordon, Joel C. Carey. 1867.— George C. Gordon, Levi Cluff, Joel C. Carey. 1868.— George C. Gordon, Levi Cluff, Silas Hall. 1869.— Levi Cluflf, Silas Hall, William B. Kimball. 1870.— George N. Austin, William B. Kimball, Gilman D. Kelly. 1871.— George N. Austin, William B. Kimball, Gilman D. Kelly. 1872.— Richard Taylor, William B. Bartlett, William G. Crowell. 1873.— George H. Taylor, Levi W. Taylor, Levi Cluff. 1874. — Daniel Merrill, Rawson Coburn, Charles Kimball. 1875.— Levi Clufl, William B. Kimball, Willard W. Merrill. 1876.— William B. Kimball, Willard W. Merrill, Charles I. Bowker. 1877.— Willard W. Merrill, Charies T. Maxwell, Nathaniel H. Paul. 1878.— Matthew H. Taylor, Charles T. Maxwell, Gilman D. Kelly. 1879.- Matthew H. Taylor, Charies T. Maxwell, Gilman D.Kelly. 1880.— Charles T. Maxwell, Joel C. Carey, Richard Taylor. 1881.— Joseph Webster, Joel 0. Carey, William R. Wheeler. 1882.— Joseph Webster, Wilham R. Wheeler, Eben B. Wells. LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES OF SALEM IN GENERAL COURT OR LEGISLATURE.! 1744. Daniel Peaslee. 1777. Jonathan Wheeler. John Ober. 1778. Jeremiah Dow . 1745. Henry Sanders. 1779-81. Timothy Ladd. 1746. John Ober. 1782. Caleb Duston. 1747 Daniel Peaslee. 1783-84. John Allen. Bbenezer Ayer. 1785. Caleb Duston. 1748. Ebenezer Ayer. 1787-88-89-92. Thomas Dow. John Ober. 1793. James Webster. 1749. Daniel Peaslee. 1794-96. Joseph Wardwell. 1750. John Ober. 1797-99. Silas Betton. 1762. Henry Sanders. 1800. Thomas Dow. 1768. William Richardson. 1801-4. Jesse Webster. 1762. Joseph Wright. 1806-9. David Allen. 1766. Joseph Wright. 1810-11. Silas Betton. 1768. Joseph Wright. 1812-16. John Clendenin. 1771. Joseph Wright. 1816. Joshua Merrill. 1774. Joseph Wright. 1817-19. Israel Woodbury. 1776. Jacob Butler, Jr. 1820-27. John Clendenin. 1776. Caleb Duston. 1828-30. Thornton Betton. 1 Where any year ia omitted no representative was chosen. 482 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ISSl.Chiistopher Morrison. 1866. George N. Austin. 1833-36. John Woodbury. 1867. Matthew H. Taylor. 1836-37. John F. Tenuy. George N. Austin. 1838-39. David MesBer. 1868. John W. Wheeler. 1840-41. John H. Thompaou. Matthew H. Taylor. 1842. John F. Tenhy. 1869. John W. Wheeler. 1844-45. Nathaniel Woodbury. Joel 0. Carey. 1846. Daniel MeBser. 1870. Levi Cluff. 1847. John Woodbury. Joel C. Carey. 1849-60. Richard Woodbnry. 1871. Levi Clufr. 1852. Moores Bailey. Silas Hall. 1863-1864. Enoch Taylor. 1872 Silas Hall. 1856-56. John E. Wheeler. Benjamin E. 'JVheeler. 1858. Edward S. Woodbury. 1873 Eichard Taylor. 1869. John F. Tenny. Benjamin E, Wheeler. John H. Lancaster. 1874. Stephen Bailey. 1860. Joseph Webster. Levi W. Taylor. William G. Crowell. 1875 Richard Taylor. 1861. Joseph Webster. John W. Wheeler. William G. Crowell. 1376 George C. Gordon. 1862. Henry S. Beckford. John W. Wheeler. Lowell Eeed. 1877 William B. Kimball. 1863. Henry S. Beckford. George C. Gordon. Lowell Keed. 1878 William B. Kimball. 1864. Charles Austin. Willard W. Merrill. Isaac Woodbury. 1879 Matthew H. Taylor. 1866. Charles Austin. 1880 (Biennial session of Legisla- Isaac Woodbury. ture.) 1866. Edward S. Woodbury. 1881 -82. Gilman D. Kelly. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. J. W. WHEELER. J. W. Wheeler is the son of John A. Wheeler and May Stevens, his ,wife, who was a daughter of Rev. William Stevens, a Methodist minister of Massachu- setts. He is the fourth in line from Jonathan Wheeler, of whom little is known. Richard was the second, and John A. the third, who was married April 22, 1822. Two children were born, both of whom are now living, Abraham M., who is a Metho- dist minister, living in Vermont, and the subject of this sketch, who was born in the town of Salem, N. H., Aug. 19, 1826. He was educated at the New Hampshire Conference Seminary, at Tilton, N. H. He left school at the age of twenty-one, and assisted in the management of his father's farm, which was one of the largest in that part of the State. Two years after leaving school, when in his twenty-third year, he was united in marriage to Phoebe, daughter of Richard Dow, of Windham, N. H., a descendant of one of the earliest families who inhabited New England. They were married Dec. 27, 1849. There were born to them three children, two of whom are living. Minnie A., their first child, wEts born Oct. 16, 1852, and died July 1, 1863; William R. was born Jan. 20, 1854; Ethel May was born Dec. 3, 1871. Mr. Wheeler continued in the management of his father's farm until he was thirty-three years old, when he entered into copartnership with James W. Bailey in the purchase of the woolen-factory that occupied the site of the extensive buildings now owned by himself. At the end of the first year Mr. Wheeler sold his interest to Charles Austin. After a lapse of two years he again bought the concern with George Austin. In 1864 he purchased Mr. Austin's inter- est, and has since carried on the business alone. In 1879 the factory was burned to the ground. The fire broke out in the daytime, and the building and con- tents were consumed. With characteristic energy Mr. Wheeler set about the erection of a new mill, which was completed in a short time. The structure is of brick, located on a never-failing water-power, and contains the latest improved machinery. The goods manufactured are frockings and flannels. In 1861 he was elected selectman, which position he occupied for two years. He was then elected representative, in which capacity he served four years. He was then elected senator, serving two years. In 1881 he was elected a member of the Governor's Council, which position he now fills. Mr. Wheeler never sought political pre- ferment, his attention being devoted to his extensive business. But " his qualifications aud peculiar fit- ness to fill positions of public trust,'' to quote the language of another, are such as to attract the atten- tion of the public, whose confidence he retains to the fullest extent. In private life, Mr. Wheeler is especially character- ized by modest and unassuming manners, strong social feeling, and warm friendship for a large circle of admiring friends. In public life he is ever the courteous gentleman to all, and a faithful and de- voted servant to public interests. OBADIAH DUSTON is a direct descendant of the Dustons, who figured so conspicuously in the early history of Haverhill, Mass. He is the fourth in line of descent from Thomas Dustbn, who was the husband of Hannah Duston, to whose memory a life-size statue holding a tomahawk in its right hand in an attitude of defense is standing in the park in Hayerhill. (See history of Haverhill.) Thomas Duston, the founder of the New Hamp- shire branch of the family, purchased a tract of three hundred acres of land in North Salem, N. H., on which he settled his three sons, — Thomas, Obadiah, and Caleb. David, the son of Obadiah, and father of the subject of this sketch, married his cousin, Abiah Duston, and to them seven children were born, as follows : Ruth, Abial, Thomas, David, Obadiah, Mary, and Ebenezer. Obadiah is' the sole survivor of this large family. He was born Dec. 5, 1806. He lived at home until he was twenty-five years old, assisting his father on the farm. He attended the academy at Atkinson, where he was a schoolmate of Rev. Jesse Page and Dr. Coggswell, both of whom are now living. Mr. Duston was married in 1831 to Anne Whittaker, of Haverhill, Mass. The result of this union was six ^-CJ^J^L SALEM. 483 children, — Hannah, Ruth, Harriet, Thomas, Eliza- beth, and Lorin. But three are now living, as fol- lows : Hannah, who married John Hallowell, of California, no issue ; Harriett, who married John N. Hunt, of Bradford, Mass., to whom four children were born ; Thomas married Augusta Griffin, of Hampstead, N. H., they have no children living. Mr. Duston's first business venture was keeping the town poor, teaching school in the mean time. He then took up the farm on which he now resides, and en- gaged in the manufacture of lumber, which he fol- lowed a number of years. He held the office of selectman of the town five years, and has been justice of the peace forty years, which, position he still occu- pies. In 1825 he was promoted to beVaptain of artil- lery in the militia from sergeant, being then but nine- teen years old. He possesses in a remarkable degree the traits of his hardy ancestors, is now in the seventy- sixth year of his age, enjoys vigorous health, and possesses a perfectly sound set of teeth. He was never addicted to the use of tobacco in any form, and always devoted his energies to the prosecution of his business, the result of which is a competency to lean upon in his declining years. His only son, Thomas, is engaged in the manufacture of knit goods, the fac- tory being located on the home farm. Mr. Duston's first wife died Feb. 10, 1870. For his second wife he married Fidelia Cook, widow of Ed- ward Cook ; she died Aug. 24, 1876. The picture from which the accompanying portrait was made was taken about fourteen years ago. Time has dealt gently with him, and he bids fair to be left in posses- sion of his remarkable vigor for a number of years. Politically he is a member of the Democratic party, and is an earnest exponent of its principles. Though not a member of any church or denomination, he has been liberal in his patronage, always assisting when needed in the building of church edifices iu his town. LUTHER EMERSON, M.D. Prominent among the citizens in the earlier history and growth of Salem, N. H., as a town after its sep- aration from the North Parish of Methuen, Mass. was Dr. Luther Emerson, who lived and practiced during his whole professional life of more than thirty- five years in this place. Born in Chelmsford, Mass., April 18, 1785, the son of Deacon Owen Emerson, a farmer and mechanic of that place. Inheriting from childhood a slender con- stitution and subject to the asthma, which unfitted him for the toils of the farm, he inclined to school and study, and after trying in vain to learn the 484 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. cabinet-maker's trade, while endeavoring in his leisure hours to improve his mind by books, till at last, under the direction of Dr. Wiman, he began the study of medicine. After attending the full course of lectures at Dartmouth, N. H., and receiving his medical diploma, he began the practice of his profession in Salem, N. H., in the fall of 1807, and boarded at Mrs. N. Bodwell's, in what is now the old village near the common, making his first visit in the place on what was then called " The Cold Friday," to the house of Mr. B. Kimball. For the first twelve years, in which he served as dentist in part, he rode horseback, feeling too poor to purchase a carriage, while the horse caused him to run in debt seventy-five dollars. Increasing practice and the strictest economy enabled him soon to secure a little home, on the site of which now stands the res- idence of Mrs. William Kelley. He married, in 1811, Patience Wood, of Dracut, Mass., who bore him thirteen childrec, nine of whom were living at his death. He was the first physician that lived and practiced in the place, and his lifelong work there gives proof of his continued success. His reputation and success had occasioned him to be known in an extended circle of practice, which embraced in part the towns of Windham, Pelham, Derry, Hudson, Atkinson, and Methuen, in Massachusetts. He served for many years as agent for the insane asylum at Somerville, Mass., in receiving patients for the same. He took a deep interest in the common-school education of his own children and in the school welfare of the town, and served seventeen successive years on its board of school committee. " He was marked, says one of the oldest and reliable citizens of the village, for his skill and success as a doctor, for his originality of mind, uprightness of character and dealing, strength of will, and independ- ence of thought and expression." Failing health, after a long professional life, in- clined him to give his practice into the hands of younger men, though much to the regret of many older families who had known no other physician. A few weeks before his death he stated that he should live just one year from the death of his wife, which, he said, would be the 26th of July, 1844, and on that very day he died, in the sixtieth year of his age. Six children now survive him, — Luther, the oldest, who has been a teacher for many years, now resides in Haverhill, Mass. ; Julia A., the wife of ^ O. T. Emerson, Esq., of Haverhill, Mass.; Joseph W., who has always lived on the old homestead; Rufus, a graduate of Amherst and Andover, is a Congrega- tional minister ; John, a carpenter and house-builder in Boston ; and Charles B., a druggist for many years in Haverhill, Mass. CHAPTEE LXXIII. SANDOWN. Geographical — Topographical — Early Settlements — Petition for Town Privileges — Incorporation of Town — Names of Early Settlers — First Ministers — Churches — Railroad This town lies southwest of the centre of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Chester and Fremont, on the east by Danville, on the south by Harapstead, and on the west by Derry and Chester. The surface of the town is uneven but generally fertile. There are several ponds in the town, the largest of which is Philips, lying jn the southern part. It is about 340 rods long and 200 wide. Angle Pond in the southeast part, lying partly in the town and partly in Hampstead, is about 200 rods in length and 100 in width. The principal stream is Squamscot River. Sandown was settled in about the year 1736, and among the pioneers were Moses Tucker, Israel and James Huse, James Graves, Thomas Wells. (See list below). Sandown was originally a part of Kingston, and was incorporated April 6, 1756. The first vote of the town of Kingston on this subject of which we have any record is under date of Sept. 24, 1764, as follows : Province of i At a Legall meeting of the Inhabitants & free holders New Hampshire | of Kingstown held the Twenty-fourth of Septem- ber 1746, firstly Leiut John Sweat was Chosen Mod- erator for that meeting 2aiJ Voted that we do hereby as far as in us lyeth set off Moses Tucker Israel Huse John Straw James Huse Jonathan Colbee James Graves Daniel Hibard John Bond Daniel Kid Jacob Wells Jacob Gurdey Meshech Gurdey David Straw John Straw Jr Keuben Olough William Straw Israel Huse Jr Phillips Wells John Pressey Jacob Tucker Benjamin Tucker Joseph Dow John Hogg & Orlando Colby Of Kingstown abovesaid with a Certain Tract of Land in said Town for a distinct Parish or precinct, bounded as followeth Vizt Beginniug at the Beech Tree which is the Dividing boundary between Londonderry 4 Chester said Tree standing on the West Line of said Kingston and running Southerly on said Kingston said line as heretofore settled be- tween said Londonderry & said Kingston to the Island Pond (so called) Then running Easterly South Three miles then Northerly till a North. & by West Course will Strike said Kingston Line (where it crosses the mill brook so called) as heretofore setled between s^ Kingston & said Chester and from thence Viz. where said line crosses sv In stirring up peons to bring in ther Respect- ive sums to the Deacon for his Defraying the charge off y^ sacramts. "3. That the Rev* Mr. Colton then Pastor Administer the seal off Baptism to Adult persons & to ther children ; they owning the Cor* Iff they dare no.t as yet proseed to y« other seal off the cort Provided he is clear In y** matter and any offer themselves there for who In the Judgmt off charity are suitable Subjects for that ordenance. "28: April: 1721. Att a chh. Meting att my house The chh. concluded that Eighteen pence p annum for each communicant wuldbut be suffi. cient to mayntayn the ordinance off the Lords supper among us an- nually and ther being considerable behind for the 6 years past they chose Philemon Blake In leiu off Benjamin Batchelor Decess* to Be Assistant to Deacon Weare and Benjamin Sanburne. In stirring up the communicants To bring in y^ Respective sums to Deacon Shaw for his defraying the charge of that holy ordinance." "Records for this year 1712: Beg: 2 Jan. off Persons Admitted to full Communion." Some of these foregoing records of Mr. Colton are almost illegible, in consequence of being crowded to- gether in a fine hand. But the record of persons ad- mitted to full communion during his ministry of nearly fifteen years is in a large plain hand covering eight pages and including ninety-eight names, of whom forty-nine were admitted the first four years. During the fifth and twelfth years only one name is recorded for each year, and nine in the thirteenth year, among whom was " Mr. Leo. Colton, schoolmaster of ye parish & Hannah his wife," This record of persons admitted by Mr. Colton closes June 5, 1726 : " Record of Mar- riages consummated 1712: before me T: Colton." While some of the pages of this little volume are almost as hidden as Greek, these records of marriages of Mr. Colton are as legible as print after the lapse of one hundred and seventy years since he united his first couple, in the persons of Nathaniel Healy and Hannah Tilton, Dec. 13, 1712. This date was just a year after the day of fast, when Mr. Colton assisted in organizing the church, and about three weeks be- fore his ordination. Nathaniel Healey, a member of his church and a prominent citizen, was twice mar- ried by Mr. Colton, the second time in 1722, to Su- sanna Weare. The number of marriages consum- mated by Mr. Colton (ninety-nine) was almost exactly the same as the number of persons admitted to full communion with the church during his ministry. It might be said of these also that they were admitted to full communion with each other through the di- vinely-sanctioned rite of marriage. Among the mar- riages by Mr. Colton was that of Jonathan Fifield to Hannah Wate, on the 15th of January, 1723. Mr. 490 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Fifield was one of the early deacons of this church, prominent in town affairs, and for many years parish clerk. He resided on the farm now owned by Mr. John Thayer Batchelder, and the rock is now pointed out whereon one of his ancestors was killed by the Indians and another at the same time taken captive.^ Deacon Fifield was the grandfather of Betsey Fifield Dodge, the mother of the Baptist Church in Hampton Falls. After the list of marriages by Mr. Colton, we come by a natural sequence to the record of infants and children sprinkled or baptized by him. We find this on the third page, beginning from the back side upside down of the book. This unique little book is a literary curiosity in several respects, among which is the arrangement of its contents with two little pages and several reversed compartments between. " Records for This year 1712 off pssons Baptised. Beg: 2d January.'' In 1712 the number was twenty- four. The next year forty-two, among whom was " Sippai, my own Indian servant, w" we engaged to bring up In the fear of God. The next entry is " Meshack, son to Deacon Weare." The infant Meshack became a mighty man of valor, and left an ever-enduring record, while to this little stray book " Sippai" is indebted for rescue from oblivion. Per- haps Sippai also acted- well his humbler part. In 1714 twenty were baptized, and twenty-two in the next year. In 1716, Mr. Colton baptized eighteen, one of whom was " Mary, daughter of Andrew Mace, of the He SholeB. Baptized at the Sholee." In 1817 the number was twenty-nine, and the next year thirty-one, among whom was "Elizabeth, daughter of William Sanburne. Just after hie awful death." Also twelve at the " He Shoals" in the month of July. In 1719 the number of baptisms was twenty-six, including " Sarah and Mary, children of my kins- man William Norton," whom Mr. Colton had mar- ried to "Eliz"" Colton," June 6, 1717. She was probably a sister of his. Thirty-five were baptized in 1720, one of whom was "Stephen, son of Docf Marches." In 1721 the number was thirty-six, and thirty-eight the next year. On the 20th of January, 1723, the rite was admin- istered to two pairs of twins, " Richard and Anne, twin children of Jacob Siangan," a family name now unknown in this vicinity, and "Nathaniel and Eliz- abeth, twin children of Nathaniel Healey." The descendants of this last family are among the most respectable and prosperous of the present residents of Hampton Falls. It is a little remarkable that the two sexes were I This happened ou a Sabbath morn, when they went to catch their horse to attend church. represented in both of these cases. Eighteen other children were baptized the same year. At the close of each year the number of baptisms was summed up and stated by Mr. Colton, and his gratification at the large number of sixty-eight in 1724 is indicated by an unusual size of dividing pen-marks at the close. Among the number this year were " Hannah and Esther, children of Benjamin Gree (possibly Green), a Quaq'." Also in the month of August quite a num- ber at the Shoals, six of them being children of one Joseph Dammerille. In 1725 he recorded the names of twenty-two, with always the date and parentage in each case. In 1726, the last year of Mr. Colton's pastorate and about three weeks before his death, which occurred August 16th, he again visited the Shoals, perhaps for his health partly, and baptized seventeen children, about half of the whole number (thirty-five) for that year. Thus closes this good man's record of his labors, including four pages enti- tled " Records off Those That own the Gov*, either for Baptism for them- selves or Children or Both & C. 10 : Nov : 1717." Judging from the style of his chirography or pen- manship, we should say that Mr. Colton was a culti- vated, genial man ; and this view is corroborated by the fact of his being called upon to baptize so many children beyond the limits of his own parish, and that of the ninety-nine marriages performed by him in forty-one cases the parties resided elsewhere, some of them being from Boston. That Mr. Colton did not enjoy firm health is indicated by his death at the early age of forty-four years, and by the following from the parish records under date of 22d December, 1719: " Deacon Weare, Deacon Shaw Lft. Hilliard Chosen a Committee to diecoiirs M^ Colten Consarning the Crtrrieng on the worke of tlie niin- istrey the winter ensuing which they Accordingly did and the answer that M' Colten gave theCommite was that he was in hops that he should he able to Carrey on the worke of the ministrey himself either in his owne house or in the meeting house this winter." Concerning his unselfish regard for the welfare of thQ people of his charge, we find that he settled with them for the small salary of sixty pounds, besides the parsonage, to which was added twenty pounds " as a free gift," at the second parish-meeting after its in- corporation, held Dec, 8, 1718. And that he left them a legacy of some considerable amount, as indi- cated by the following record : Mch. 28, 1728. ''Voted that whereas theare are sundry of the Inhabi- tants Living neare the metting house are willing to build a school hous Bumt! wheare neare the metting house provided they may have the benefit of the money M^ Colten wiled a^ a gift on that account voated that if these be a number that will appear to build s"! house without any further Charg to the parish and that the Inhabitants have occasion to make use of b^ house it shall be free for them without any further de- mand that then the gift that M' Colten gave shall be delivered to those men towards the defraying the Charg of building of b1. M'. JOSIAH BAYLEY, Third Pastor of the Church In Hampton Falls, Who after He had Wisely and Faithfully Discharged the Duties of his office lor the Space Of 6 Years Was Received Into the Joy Of his LORD, SBPX'. 12, 1782. JElalsiS." 494 HISTORY OP ROCKIN&HAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Both head-stones are ornamented (?) with the figure of a cherub, according to the fashion of that period. We now come to the record of eiforts made to secure a successor to Mr. Bayley in the pastoral office. At a parish-meeting on the 2d of November a committee of five. Deacon Jonathan Fifield, chairman, were in- structed in behalf of the parish to extend a call to Mr. Paine Wingate, who had been preaching to them as a supply. And at the next meeting, Dec. 28th, Mr. Wingate was offered "the use, income, and improve- ment of the parsonage house, barn, and other build- ings and of the parsonage lands and flats," he making all repairs; also the annual sum of fifty pounds ster- ling or its equivalent in currency. And Deacons Fi- field, Worth, and Sanborn were instructed to acquaint Mr. Wingate with these proposals. At an adjourned meeting Deacons Fifield, Sanborn, and Capt. Nason were chosen a committee to wait on Mr. Wingate with some additional inducements, while the meeting awaited a reply, which came in the form of a request that the meeting be adjourned to allow him time for further consideration. Then follows a record of Mr. Wingate's letter of acceptance. However it may have been written, it is copied, lengthy as it is, in one un- broken sentence, without stops, breaks, or capitals. This acceptance fills two large pages of the records, and we have reconsidered our intention of copying it in full. First, a long and rambling introduction clos- ing with an acceptance; then objection to the provision that he should keep the buildings in repair, and on this point he makes a good argument ; then he sug- gests a more definite wording of the kind of money which he is to receive, and closes as follows: "These alterations I do but very reasonably propose and by agreeing thereto in peace and love I shall be ready to serve you in the Lord as he shall give me strength and opportunity, who am gentlemen your sincere friend and servant. "Paine Wingate, Jr. " Hampton Falls, Jan. 18, 1763. "To the moderator, to be communicated." At the adjourned meeting January 31st: " to receive Mr. Wingate's answer to the terms proposed for his settle- ment in the work of tlie miuistry, and Mr. Wingate's further answer was Brot to the meeting, and being read ... it was put to vote to see if the parisli would make any further proposals for Mr. Wingate's sup- port, and it was voted in the negative." The last third of the " further answer" referred to is as follows: "Instead of peace and love there now threatens discord and disaffection, and instead of Divine Providence smiling on the affairs and encour- aging me to proceed there appears many discourage- ments. Wherefore as the face of things appears I can't at present entertain any further thoughts of con- tinuing with you, and would now most heartily com- mend you to God and to the word of His grace, sincerely wishing you peace and prosperity, who am gentlemen your friend and humble servant. Alms- bury, Jan. 29^ 1763. Paine Wingate, Jn'." Parish matters did not seem to run smooth about this time, for at the time of the same meeting Deacon Edmund Bayley, the father of the deceased minister, was in the place making a demand for the rent of the parsonage and a balance of salary. A committee was sent out to treat with him, and offer him three hundred pounds old tenor in settlement, which he de- clined. No further reference to the matter appears, but more than one hundred pages back is recorded a receipt from Mr. Bayley for three hundred and sixty- four pounds old tenor in full, dated June 8, 1763. Under date of March 14th it was voted to hire " Mr. Oills Merrill" for four Sabbaths he had already preached, and to pay him for six Sabbaths. After all their diflFerences with Mr. Paine Wingate, it was voted, April 11th, to hire him to preach the four Sabbaths ensuing. May 9th it was voted to hire " Mr. Tellis Merrill" for six Sabbaths. On the 20th of June it was voted to have preaching for six Sab- baths, and the committee were instructed to secure for this service " Mr. Laranie of Hawk," now Dan- ville, and failing in that to engage " Mr. Walker of Penny Cook," now Concord, though from 1733 until two years later than this received, its incorporated name was Rumford. This "Mr. Walker" is pre- sumed to have been the Rev. Timothy Walker, settled in Concord from 1730 to 1782, and father of Hon. Timothy Walker, a member of the first Constitutional Convention of New Hampshire. Under date of Sep- tember 12th a call was extended to " Mr. Michai Laranie" to settle on the terms first offered Mr. Wingate. ■ " Voted, that if Mr. Laranie comes to preach for two ensuing Sabbaths he shall be paid as usual." The name of this minister which the parish clerk makes Michai Laranie, all but the dotting of the last i, becomes in the call for the next meeting, probably written by Mesheck Weare, then chairman of the selectmen, Micah Lawrence. The study of Greek is a desirable preparation for deciphering some of these old records. On the 5th of October Mr. Lawrence declined the call of the parish, al- though they further offered to keep the buildings and fences of the parsonage in repair. "Voted, to apply to Mr. Pain Wingett for to preach with ns four Sab- baths." " Oapt. Jonathan Swett, Mr. Ebenezer Knowlton, and Job Hos- kel desents against the Votes of this and the Last Meeting Relative to the settling Mr. Lawrence." The following record is given in full, as one of the best worded in the volume before us : "At a Leagul meeting of the Free holders of Hampton falls parish held the thirty-flret day of October 176:), lly, Voted that Col. Mesheck weare be moderator for said meeting. 2dly, Voted to renew the call to mr Pain Wingate to settle in the work of the ministry in this pariah. 3dly Voted that for an allowance to mr Pain Wingate for his salary and support During his Continuance in the work of the ministry in this Par- ish in case he shall settle in that work here. Then be paid him the sum of sixty-flve pounds sterling money of great Britton or Equivelent thereto in the Curraincy of this Province yearly and Each year Dunng his Continuance in said work, also that he have the use and Improve- SEABROOK. 495 ment of the pai-sonage House Barn orchard and gardens and about five acres of Land near mescheck wearea Houae commonly called the Lower parsonage the Buildings and fences to be kept in Repair by the Pariah or if it will be more agreeable to niester Wingate to have the Improve- ment of the wliole personage lands and buildings Belonging to this Parish the fences and Buildings to be kept in Kepair by the Parish as aforesaid then he to have for hie salary in money only the sum of fifty-five pounds sterling or Equivelent thereto in the Currancy of this province to be paid him yearly and he to determine at hia first settlement which he will take that the pariah may be at a certainty. '*4thly, Voted that deacon Jonathan Fifield deacon Joseph Worth and deacon abner Sanborn Capt Jonathan Tilton and Richard Nason Esqr be a committee to wait on mr Wingate and aquaint him with the Votes of the Parish for his settlement and support. "5thly, Voted that this meeting be adjourned to next Monday at Two of the clock in the afternoon to Receive mr wingate's answer. "Caleb Sanbohs Parish Clerk. " Capt Jonathan Swett Lt Richard Smith mr Henery Robis and Bben- ezer Knowlton Dosents against the second Vote Relative to mr winget's Calh" At the adjunct meeting " Mr wingat^'s answer being Brot. and read, and he Excepted of the Call given him by this parish to him to settle in the work of theministi-y and the support voted for him— atested per " Caleb Sanborn Tarish Clerk." Mr Wingate's answer: *'To the Church and Congregation at Hamp- ton falls — Hond and Beloved Inasmuch as thro the permission of divine Providence your attempts to resettle in order of the gospel have once and again been disappointed and yuur disposition towards my settling with you seems at present so far as I can learn in general not to be alie- nated or divided by our former parting and the Trials you have since made but rather increased contrary to my expectiitioDS. I may I think look upon your Renewed Call as a Call of divine providence notwithstanding the uneasiness of some whose dissatisfaction I cannot account a sufficient discouragement to my settling with you but hope thro' the interposition of divine goodness will soon be removed — I therefore now accept of yuur i nvitation and purpose by the will of God to devote myself to his service in the work of the ministry among you and being sensible of my own Imperfections and humbly depending on the help and grace of God I ask your prayers continually for me and wishing grace mercy and peace may be multiplied unto you I Remain ready to serve you in the gospel of our commou lord. "Pain Wingate Junr. " Hampton falls Nov. 7th 1763." Under date of December 14th Mr. Wingate chose to take the whole parsonage with a cash salary of fifty-five pounds sterling. From another source it is learned that in 1763 a Presbyterian meeting-house was built in the south part of the town, now Seabrook. No allusion to the matter appears on the parish records until 1765. "Province of 1 these are to Notify the freeholders and Inhabitants of New hampse f the Parish of Hampton falls in said province who are by law qualified for to vote to meet at this meeting-house on Mou- day, the Second day of Sept' next, at one of the Clock in tlie afternoon for the following purpose, viz.: Whereas a Number of persons in said parish have Lately professed themselves of the Presbyterian perswasion, and have applied to some miuisters at Londonderry, whome they Call the Bt.8ton Presbytrey, desiering to be under their care, Representing that they apprehend themselves able and are frei-ly willing'to maintain a minister of the orthodox faith, and that is united with said ministers in the Presbyteiian government, and liavc made some objections to pay- ing towards the support of tlie settled minister in said parish, and altho' there is no just reason that the above-mentioned persijns sbuld in any Respect be Excused except that it may Probably be most for the peace of said parish that the above-mentioned persons and their Estates should be set off to act in all Respects an a Distiuct.Society or parisli by them- selves Except paying there proportion of the provence tax untill a new proportion thereof. Therefore to see if the parish will vote to set off the above-mentioned persons and there estates to be Incorporated if they think proper to apply for it to act in all respects by themselves as a Dis- tinct society or parish Except paying there proportion of the Provence tax untill a New proportion thereof, and to pay all other charges as usual untill they shall be set off as above mentioned, the line of said New Parish to be fixed by a comtte of the general Court with Liberty for such of the above-mentioned persons as shall not fall within said New Parish to fall ofl' with there Estates and Belong there to and for any who shall fall within said New Parish who are not of the Presby- terian Perswasion to fall off with there Estates, and belong to the old Parish, and for any who are of the Presbyterian perswasion who have or shall have Lands within said New Pariah to poll off said Lands to belong to the parish of Hampton Falls. " Hampton Falls, " August '2'i, 1765. r Meshack Weare, 1 Richard Nason, Nathan Tilton, I Samuel Collins, Select- men of Hampton Falls. " At a Leagul meeting of the freeholders and Inhabitants of the parish of Hampton falls held the Second day of Septr 1765 Coll Meshack Weare chosen moderator for said meeting "Voted that the people Called presbyterians in this parish be sett off as a Destinct Parish by themselves according to the foregoing Notifica- tion for the aforesaid meeting." — (Not signed.) The following notification bears the same date as the other : Province of 1 Pursuant to a Request to the selectmen in hampton falls Newhampseiby thirty Inhabitants therein Pesiriug them to Call a parish meeting — l^t to see if the Parish will Exempt the Presbyterian Society in Hampton falls from all Charges that may hereafter arise by the support of the Congregation minister or ministers in Hampton falls. 21y to see if the parish will sett off to the presbyterian society a proportionable of the parsonap;e and priviledges which belong to the Inhabitants of Hampton falls." Then follows the legal notification of a meeting for August 22d, signed by the same selectmen. The fol- lowing is the record of the second meeting, held the same day : " At a Leagel meeting, etc., Col. Meshack Weare chosen moderator for said meeting. The first article in the notification was put to vote, and it was voted in the negative ; and also the second article in the notification, and that was voted in the negative." Signed by the parish clerk. They next appeal to the General Assembly, — "representing themselves aggrieved at the settlement of the Rev. Mr. Pain Wingate as a minister in said Hampton Falls, that the religious sen- timents and doctrines preached by the said Mr. Wingate are different from theirs and disagreeable to them." Therefore they pray to be set off as a separate parish and exempted from taxation for ministerial support in the other parish. As the immediate result of this action a parish-meeting was held the 30th of Decem- ber, at which Col. Meshack Weare, then — and most always at this period — moderator, was chosen chair- man of^a committee of six to appear at the General Court in behalf of the parish — " to make a True Representation of the proceedings of the parish and to endeavor that the Petition may be Dismissed or that the petitioners may be set off in all Respects to act as a Distinct Parish by themselves." In this last clause is found the first intimation of the town or parish of Seabrook. ' As to the result of the first petition of the Presbyterians the records are silent; but it appears that in the final disposition of the matter the petitioners got more than they wished, while in the division of territory which followed Hampton Falls obtained the lion's share, in the opinion of some of the present residents of Seabrook. In 1767 they again petitioned the General Assem- bly "to be set ofi" as a Distinct parish for ministerial affairs only;'' and on the 23d of November, Col. 496 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNT?, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Weare was again chosen chairman of a committee to appear and answer the petition, and " Represent the Inconveniences that would attend the prayer thereof being granted." At the same date Col. Weare was chosen chairman of a committee to defend the parish against a suit commenced by Edmund Bayley, administrator of the estate of his son. At a meeting held the 25th of April, 1768, it was voted that the selectmen "be a com. to wait on the com. appointed by the General Court to Divide the parish of Hampton falls to inform said com. . . . and to represent to said com. what may appear neces- sary," etc. These records are copied from the first volume of the records of Hampton Falls, but the charter of the new South Parish does not appear on record until eleven years later. It may be found on the one hundred and twenty-third page of the second volume, in- scribed in beautiful penmanship. The following is the heading : Seahrooh Charter Anno Regni Regis Oeorgii tertii mgnoe BrittanicB Frandoe et Jlibernice octavo " An Act for erecting and incorporating a new Parish in the Sonth- «rly part of Hampton falls in this Province." " Whereas a considerable number of the Inhabitants of the Southerly and Westerly part of Hamp- ton falls have petitioned the General Assembly to be set off from the old and erected into a new Parish, which has not been opposed ; &c." This act of incorporation was signed by I. Went- worth, June 3, 1768. The ministry of Mr. Wingate, so peculiar in its in- ception, was fraught with changes in parish affairs. The dissatisfaction of some at the time of his settle- ment appears to have led to the final division of the parish.' And the setting off of the new parish dis- turbed the equilibrium of the balance, and led to otheir important changes. On the 27th of July a committee, of which Col. Mesheck Weare was chair- man, were chosen — ■" to confer with a com. chosen by the Presbyterian Society so called in . Seabrook, in order for a Settlement Respecting Sundry arreragf s of Rates due from many of Said Society to this parish and concerning an action now in the Law between the Selectmen of this parish and Mr. Jacob Smith." Under the changed situation of the parish the meet- ing-house was at one end, and the majority of the parishioners towards the other end of the parish. And the result was that at a meeting called for the purpose October 20th it was voted that a new meeting- house be built near the centre of the inhabitants of the parish. And the selectmen and two others, most of whom resided in the upper part, were chosen a committee to fix the location. To this action dissent was then and there made for three reasons : first, it ought not to be removed during Mr. Wingate's min- istry; second, on account of the expense of land and new buildings, while by the terms of the deed the old ones could not be put to other use ; third, because such hasty action "has the most direct tendency to make confusion and lead into each diiTlculties as will probably ruin the parish." This dissent, only the substance of which is here given, was signed by Mesheck Weare, Caleb Sanborn, Abner Sanborn, Jonathan Fifield, Jr., Abner Sanborn, Jr., Jonathan Fifield, Richard Nason, Joseph Worth, and Dr. Joshua Chase. This meeting was adjourned to the 27th, and then dissolved without further action. At a meeting on the 19th of December, it was voted that a new meet- ing-house, forty by fifty-five feet in dimensions, be built on the vacant lot near Jeremiah Lane's; that John Tilton, Abner Sanburn, and William Prescutt, selectmen, with Elisha Prescutt, Samuel Prescutt, and Jonathan Cram, be the building committee, and that this committee sell the pews to the highest bidder, and make a report at an adjourned meeting the first Tuesday in February. Immediately after is recorded a dissent, concluding as follows : "31y that the whole proceedings evidently tend to bring the parish into confusion, a-i is evident from the Notification itself, which says that there are disputes about the place where the meeting-house shall be set so as to accommodate the Inhabitants and yet would force a vote without try- ing any proper measures of accommodation. Wherefore we protest against all the proceedings as Illegal and against paying any part of any cost or charge which may arise in consequence of said votes." This dissent is signed by Mesheck Weare and twenty-two others. At an adjourned meeting Feb. 7, 1769, — "A motion was made by Col. Weare & a great number of other per- sons present ... to reconsider the votes passed at the last meeting. In order to gree upon some method that the parish in general might unite in Respecting a meeting-house, and the moderator was Repeat- edly desired to put the same to vote, which he finally refused to do. The Report of Com. for Selling the Pews Being Read the moderator was Requested to put to vote whether the Report should be accepted wh. he also Refused to Do and Dissolved the meeting." At a meeting Oct. 16, 1769, it was " voted to abate all those persons' Rates that belong to Seabrook that are in arrearages in'the minister's Rates." This is the first reference to the new parish as '* Seabrook." The following document seems to be worth copying in full, and will explain itself: " Province of 1 To the Constable or Constables of the parish of New hampse./ Hampton falls, in said province of Newhampshlre, greet- ing: Whereas upon the Complaint of more than Thirty of the Inhab- itants and Freeholders of the said parish of Hampton falls, it hath been made to appear that the selectmen of said parish have and still do un- reasonably deny to Call a meeting of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of said Parish agreeable to a petition to them made by fifty of the said Inhabitants and freeholders, Dated the third day of Jan'y, 1770, . this is therefore in his majerty's Name to order and Require him to Notyfy and warn the Inhabitants of the said parish of Hampton falls to assemble themselves and meet together at the New meeting-house in said Hampton falls, near Jeremiah Lane's house on Tuesday the thirtyeth day of January Curt at one of the Clock in the afternoon, then and there to act and vote on the following Particulars, viz', first to choose a moderator for said meeting. . . . secondly to pass a vote for the Revd. Mr. Pain Wingat thepresent minister and pastor of said parish to go to The said New meeting-house as soon as Conveniently may be and Dedicate the said house to the Publick worship and senice of god and there perf-orm the Duties of his sacred Function for the Future and to pass any other vote or votes Relating thereto that the said Freeholders and Inhabitants when assembled shall think fit. given underour hands and seals at Exeter in said province the seventeenth day of Jan'y in the tenth year of his majesty's Reign, A. Domini, 1770. (signed) Walter Bryent, 1 Justices of the peace, Noah Emory, > untu promm, qiuimm. SEABROOK. 497 The record of that meeting is hrief, — "Uy. Yotcd that the Hi-'Vl mr. Pain AVingnto Shall go to tbp Now meeting Ilonse and preach and Dedicate the said house to the Pllblick Worship of god as soon as Conveniently may he. "21yA:3dly. Elysliia present, mr Nathan Tilton and Capt Jonathan Tilton — the moderator of the last three meetings — were chosen a com- mittee to present the above vote to Mi'. Wingate " It seems by the record that in consequence of the [ refusal of Mr. Wingate to dedicate the new meeting- ' house or preacli therein — j "there has been A still are great contentions and Divisions in said parish and a great Number of the Inhabitants have hy writing from under their hands Cautioned tlio Selectmen from assessing their pols and Estates in any Tax for the salary or support of the Itevi mr Win- gate;" therefore the selectmen called a meeting of the parish fur ITlli of December ensuing for instructions. " Voted that it is the minds of this meeting that there be no Rate Tax nor assessment made nor Itaiaed on the Pols nor Estates in tliis patish for the salaiy or support of the PieV* mr. Pain AVingate for tlie current year. " Sigtud hy *' Jonathan Tiltox, " Jl/ut/era/or." And at a meeting March 4, 1771, the above vote was "ratified and confirmed," and it was — " Voted that this iiaiisli do hereby heartily Join \^ith tliat part of the Cliurch in said parish who are aggrieved ' and Disaffected at the Liite and present conduct of the Re\ "Better late than never." Thus the next record is that of the sale of the pews by the building committee made previous to the erec- tion of the new house : "It Being Requested py Seavnrel Pearsons that this r.''port of the Commitle'e Should be Recor'd," Dated Feb. 7, 1709. Hampton Falls is here written with a large F for the first time in these records. The following is the last half of a request addressed to Mr. Wingate, signed by sixty-one legal voters, and dated Dec. 4, 1769 : " And we, the subscribers, . . . your Parishioners being Desirous that the said meeting-house may he Solemnly Dedicated to the Public wor- ship of God, aud that the Duticsof your Sacred Function may be by you performed there Do hereby signify to you our hearty Desire and Sincere Bequest that you will Come to the said bouse and Perform the Same. In doing which we Trust and hope yon will Honour God, acquit your- self Worthily, in your Sacred Office, and Do Great good to your Parish- ioners." To which Mr. Wingate replies, December 28th, taking the ground that he had no power to change the place of worship ; that the petitions of others could not convey to him that power ; and that even the 32 "vote of the pftriali to builil a new mpeting-hoiise Dos not appear suffi- cient of itself to Justify me in Ilemoving the Stated wursbip from the usual iiliice." This he states as the opinion of disinterested per- sons with -whom he had consulted. And in closing, '*I would reconnnend . . . to eveiy inetnber of this Sociely that in addition to your humble, fer\ent prayer to God you tWil nut tobeuseinp; your best endciivors to 13ring to a Hpeedy issue tlio pre.9eiit unliappy coii- tiovL'i>y wliich btibsiste, and that Love and liainiuny may agnin reigii among us." The whole rerily is quite lengthy. Kcxt, under date of May 10, 1771, is recorded the delivery of the new house to the parish by the building committee. The next document which contributes to the history of tlicse events is dated Aug. 30, 1770, signed by Xathaniel Healey and fifty-seven others, and states that whereas Mr. Wingate refuses "to Perform the Duties of his ministerial Function at Said new meet- ing-house," " agreeable to the Vote of Said Parish and the advice of Neigboring ministers," and they are obliged to hire preaching in the new house at their own expense, they " Do'hereby Protest against all and Every Tax & assessment for the salary or support of the said Mr. Wingate." Next on record is the peti- tion to Justices Bryant and Emery, whose order has has already been given in full. It is signed by 'Sa- thaniel Healey and fifty others. It may be of interest to some to learn the names of those who were legal voters in Hampton Falls in 1770, and to note the form of names which have since increased, diminished, or become extinct. "A list of the Polls who Polleiugton. attest Noah Emery J us* Peace. The Listof Polls against Capt. Jonathan Tilton on the other side "IIonM Mesheck Weare Esq^ Enoch Sanborn Jonathan FifiL-ld* Joseph Wortii Halph Butler Jonathan Fifluld Ju' lliu-hard Nason Abner Sanborn Caleb Sanborn Diivid Norton * Nathan Cram Jun* Steward* Stephen Ciii:ii PainHoovo* "\Vi)!iam Lang* "William Blnsdell* Sami Piescutt Abuer Sanborn Ju' David Bachelder Joshua Chase Isiah Lane Nathan Green Jonathan Nason Jedediah Stanyan* Obeiliah Woilh*' Gamaliel Knowles* Ebenezcr Bleloon* Dudley Sanborn Nathan "We-.ire Josiah White * Francis Marshall Philip Burns* Siimuel Weare Zebulon Hilgard Diivid Perkins Stephen Lang Simeon Hilgard* John Kenny Chris'"- Blake Elijah Green (objected to) Mosos Swett * Malachi Shaw * S;imufl Kobie Nathan Cram Stephen Lang " Richard Blace* (48) was objected to by the opposite party as not bring a proper voter, being supported by the Parish, and was accordingly f-et aside; also Nathan Cram, Elijali Green, it Christopher Blake were ob- jected to as being too young for Voters, but were allowed." " attest Noah Emery Just. Peace." This poll shows fifty-one of the new house party to forty-seven of the old house, Mesheck Weare heading the minority. A * marks those family names that have become extinct in this town. At a meeting held the 30th of September, 1771, First, Capt. Jona. Tilton was chosen moderator. "2ly. Voted to Dismiss the Kev. iMr. Paih Wingate," etc. "Sly. Voted To Chuse a Com . . to Treat and agree ^ith ^I?-. Win- gate with Respect to what Cumpensation shall be allowed and imid by said Piuish for the Secular Inconvenience wh, the Dissuluti'tn of his said relation exposes him." The fourth vote provided for arbitration. By the fifth a committee were to request him to ask for a dismission. After three adjournments this meeting was dissolved November 13th, and among the curi- osities of these records is a call in the next page for a meeting to be held on the 4th of the previous March. The call is recorded seventeen pages after the record of the meeting. The following document closes the controversy between Mr. Wingate and the party of the new meeting-house. It appears that the new meeting-house party outvoted the old, but were out- generaled by Mr. Wingate. Mr. Winjale's nesignaiion. A Legal Doctimejit. " Hampton f.illi! Dec 4th 1771. "To the Parish of Hampton falls. Geni and attested copy of the rotes passed at your Parish meeting on the Twenfy-flftb of November last has been laid before me Sc I have observed in them the steps taken by you in order for my Dismission from the ministry in this place and a final ficttlement Between us— and eince from your proceedings I find no en- couragement to expect peace and Qnietnts^ with you in the ministry and hoping that thro' the ovenuling providence of God it may bo most for the interests of Religion in your unliappy circumstances & for my own Comfort and usefulness I Do now agreeable to the decrees of the late Council ask a Dismission from my ministry' among you to take place at the time & after the manner specified as follows (viz) That I shall-re- ceive Fifty pounds Lawfull money of the Parish to be immediately paid or sufficieDtly secured to me with interest until paid and shall still con- tinue a settled minister of this Parish by virtue of the agreement made j at my Settlement in this Place and sliall Enjoy all ininisterial Rights and privi.Ieges as heretofore except those I shall Resign by a mutual agreement Between me & the Parish— that I sliall be exempt from all taxes in the Parish & shall Retain the free quiet Jj faith possession Eu- joyment &. improvement of all tiie paraonages Buildings & Lands now in my possession the Repaij-s to be kei>t good by the Parish, all the aforetaid right Priveledges & Enjoyments as a Settled minister of the Parish to Continue secure to me for the space of four years from next March & no Longer: that I shall be wholly released from performing any niiniBtcrial Service iu or for the Parish except what I shall voluu- titiily consent to after the usual term of the present year & shall have Liberty to resign my ministerial Relation whenever I shall see fit short of the four years imd Remove out of the Parish and in that case the Pari.sli warranting to make Good the improvement of the Pursuiiages Buildi; gs and Lands as above During the aforesaid term of four years tin- abuve sum of money to be paid & all the aforesaid priviledges and improvenipnts to be continued to me as an equitable & humble comp^u- sat ion for the secular inconvenience of my Removal and J Do not only ask a Diomidsiun to take place at the time i after the manner specifyed Bnt I Do hereby Give to the Parish a full acquitance from that part of Iheir contract which is to pay tome fifty-five pounds sterling annually as a salary and 1 Do hereby Likewise promise & hold myself oblidged in the bum of two hundred pounds L;iwf nil money to be well & truly paid to the Puiish in case of furfeituie that I will not improve my ministerial Right and Priveledges by continuing a S-.'ttled minister of the Parisii any way to involve them in the Least Charge as their Settled minister except in the Respects above mentioned or fur the hindrance of a quiet & peace- able SL'ttlemcnt of anotlier minister speedily— and that I will quit my niinisteiial Relation &. ReMgn all the Parsonages & other privelidges as a Settled mlin'ster uf this Parish at the time i after the manner specified above all which is upon condition & fiim Dependence that the vote above Rcceited shall be truly i fully complyed with on the part of the Parish- given under my hand and .-e.d this fourth Day of December in the year of our Lord seventeen hundred and Sevenly-one & in the twelfth year of the rt-ign of king George the tliird of Great Britton &c "Signed Sealed & Delivered " ii i'lf sence of us Paine Wingate "Stephen Chase "JosliUH Chase " attested p' Benjamin Tilton Parish Clerk"' On the next page are copies of three receipts given by Mr. Wingate for notes received of the selectmen. It is with a sense of relief that we come to the close of this controversy, which has been so fully narrated for the special benefit of those people in Hampton Fails who expatiate on the good old times when there was but one church in the place, and the Congrega- tional lion, the Unitarian lamb, the Presbyterian ox, and the Baptist walrus lay down lovingly together in :\Ionument .Siiuarc. Distance ever lends enchantment to our views. Rev. Paiue Wingate, fourth pastor of the Hampton Falls parish church, was born in Ames- bury, Mass., in 1730; graduated at Harvard in 1759; was ordained Dec. 14, 17G3, and "resigned March is' 1776." "After his dismission he turned his attention to civil affairs, was honored with office, and was for many years one of the judges of X. H. Died in Strat- ham, N. H., March 7, 1838, aged ninety-nine years.'' Mr. Wingate lived with his one wife more than sev- enty years, and the births of two children are recorded. When after his dismission he was a candidate for the State Senate and for Congress, he received a full vote iu Hampton Falls. On the 22d of June, 1772, six mouths after the arrangement with Mr. AVino-ate' SEABROOK. 400 it was voted to raise twenty pounds lawful money for the support of preaching that year, to be expended by the selectmen. In 1773, June 15th, a call for a meeting was issued by John Phillips, of Exeter, " Pursuixnt to an act or law of said province passed in tlie in'o^ent year of IiisBIajesty'a Ri'ign Entitled an act for dissolving tlieannnal meeting of tlie InliaUtants of the pariah of Hampton Falls, and anthoriziug tlie holding a new meeting." It remains for future investigation to determine the object and bearing of this act. This meeting was held June 28th, and "The Honabel Con' John Phillips, Esq', Being appointed Moderator to Govrin Said meeting," the usual parish officers were chosen and the usual business transacted without any reference to ministerial affairs. At a meeting July 13th, it was voted to pay the expense of petitioning the General Assembly for the aforesaid act. It- was also voted to raise forty pounds lawful money to be expended by the selectmen in hiring " some proper Gospel preacher in this place this year,'' and " to have preaching in the Congregational order." It is presumed that " this place" meant the new meeting-house, where the legal meetings of the parish had been held since its erec- tion. At a meeting, June 27, 1774, called for the pur- pose of seeing if something could be done toward set- tling a minister, it was merely voted to raise money for six Sabbath-days' preaching, and a committee chosen to supply preaching " for fore Sabbaths to come." And at another meeting on the Htli of No- vember, held for the purpose of making arrangements for further preaching, Capt. Tilton, the moderator ; Mr. Jeremiah Lane, grandfather of Levi Lane ; and Mr. David Bachelder, grandfather of Deacon Emery Bachelder, were chosen a committee — "Mo Go and treat ^\itli the Lower Eand of the parish consarning the Diticultys that Suhsists in tlie pa^i^ll,' and upon the second adjourn- ment of tliis meeting it was voted to raise 15 pounds for preaching,. and a Com. was chosen 'to apply to the association for advice and for to apply to some sutable candidate or candidates to suply the Pai isli with l)reaching.' Jan. 9, 1775, ' Jlr. Paine Wingate' was chosen one of five Depnt.es ' to join with Deputies from other Towns and Paiislies in tlie choice of Delegates for the Congress proposed to be held at Philadelphia the loth day of May next.' " On the 3d of May, 1775, " Voted that Col. Mesheck Weare and Revi Mr. Paine Wingate be the Delegates To Set in Congress at E.xelei", the 17th of May Instant." About this time several of the legal meetings of the parish were held in the old meeting-house, and in the warrant for one to be held June 7, 1775, was an article " To see if the Parish will agree to hire some Sutable Person ... to preach alternately One half of the time at the New meeting house," etc. But no refer- ence to this article appears in the record. The chief subjects of interest at that time were the choice of delegates to Congresses and the providing of soldiers' arms, ammunition, and provisions. A warrant dated Nov, 27, 1775, concludes with this: " N. B. the Congress for this Colony have Kesolved that no Person bo allowed a Seat in Congress who shall by Uimsclf or any Person for him before said Choice treat with Liquor &o any Electors withan apparent view of Gaining their votes or afterwards on that account." At the annual parish-meeting March 12, 1776, it was "voted the Parsonage House and Parsonage Lands be appropriated and used for the benefit of .Schooling and for the Support of the Poor the ensuing jear," And on the next page, same date, is recorded an agreement by Mr. Wingate to " Quit my Ministerial Relation and Resign .all the Personages and Other Privileges as a Settled Minister of the Pariah," allowing a few days for the removal of his effects.' At a meeting the Cth of May, 1776, it was voted to hire preaching for two months, the services to alter- nate between the old and new meeting-houses ; and before that time had e.Nipired it was voted to provide for six Sabbaths' preaching in the new house and for four Sabbaths in the old. Here was an evident pur- pose to gradually wean the people about the old house from their place of worship, and this purpose. devel- oped itself at the next meeting, October 21st, when it was voted to* have three Sabbaths' preaching and a thanksgiving sermon, all at the new house. And in- cidentally it is stated that they had been supplied with preaching by a Mr. Thurston. At the annual meeting, March, 1777, it was voted that the income of Ihe parsonage property for the ensuing year .be equally divided between the two ends of the parish. In the warrant for a meeting, March 31st, was an article in reference to hiring preaching, but no recorded action was taken on it. On the 21st of July it was "Voted to liiro Some Sutable Person or Persons to Preach in this Parish upon Probation in Order for a settlement Amongst us." It was voted to invite the neighboring ministers to preach among them, and to ask their advice in the matter. It was also voted to hire preaching for four months in the new meeting-house, and that the rent of the parsonage property should be laid out for preaching. "Anil all Those that Incline to Lay out their Money for Preaching at the old Meeting House Signify it to the Select Men Seasonably." " Malachi Shaw Dissents agaiu^t the above Votes." By a warrant dated Sept. 1, 1777, it appears that the selectmen had received from Hon. Jonathan Moulton, Esq., an offer of a tract of new land lying in Moultonboro' Gore, or addition, to be used in sup- port of the gospel in the parish forever. On the 16th of September, Benjamin Sanborn, Jeremiah Lane, and Nehemiah Cram were chosen a committee to go and inspect said- land. They reported at an adjourned meeting, November 4th, that it " appeared to them to be good and valuable land." A committee was chosen to thank Col. Moulton and seek some statement of his terms for " Bringing to and carrying on the pro- posed form." This meeting was adjourned to No- vember 18th, for the evident purpose of hearing a report of the last committee, but the following is the 1 The stipulated four years of occupation being expired. 500 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. sole record of that meeting: "The Moderator says this Meeting is Dissolved." At a meeting held De- cember 29th following, for the purpose of making some arrangement about preacliing, it was voted to exempt from ministerial tax that year those persons who had supported preaching at the old meeting- house and constantly attended upon the same. And it \yas also voted to extend a call to Mr. Ebenezer Dutch, on the same terms on which Mr. Wingate set- tled, viz. : the use of the parsonage property and fifty- five pounds lawful money ..." Good Indian Corn at four shillings per Bushel, and Other things equal thereto." The next record concerning preaching is iinder date of April 27, 1778, when " It was voted that the Lowei" Part of tlio Parish have what is com- monly called the Lower Parsonage's Buildings and flats (salt marsh) And the upper part of the Parish to have what is called the Upper Parsonage for the present year. In the warrant for a meeting October 19th allusion is made to a plan for uniting with the paTish in Sea- brook to hire preaching between them. The Sea- brook parish was at that time destitute of a settled pastor, Rev. Elias Hull, the second pastor, not being installed until Feb. 6, 1799. At the said meeting it was voted to hire preaching for two months in the new meeting-house. Then follow four adjournments of the same meeting without any recorded action, and with one of Samuel Weare's flourishes of the pen closes the first volume of the Hampton Falls records, numbering five^hundred and fifty-four pages. The first entry in the second volume of the parish records is the warrant for the annual meeting of 1799. Samuel Weare, son of Mesheck, parish clerk for three years previous, continued to act in that capacity until 1788, twelve years in all. In 1787 he was one of the se- lectmen, his associates being (first) Xatlianiel Hubbard Dodge and (third) Peter Tilton, and was afterwards a representative to the General Court. At this annual meeting it was voted to appropriate the income of the parsonage property for the support of the gospel in the parish, and all those who were dissatisfied with this arrangement could have their proportion by call- ing for it. May 18th, it was " Voted to hire Mr. Colby to preach at the New meeting House two months. Including the two Sabbaths that are already past." And at a meeting held for the purpose June 14th it was voted to invite Jlr. Zacheus Colby to set- tle at a salary of sixty pounds, besides the parsonage, -and that he should preach at Seabrook such a part of the time as they should pay for. No further refer- ence is made to him. At the annual meeting in 1780 the same disposition of the parsonage property was made as in the year previous, and at a meeting May 22d the committee were instructed to agree with Mr. Thurston to preach two Sabbaths. At a meeting December 11th it was voted not to hire any one to preach on probation, but it was voted to extend a call to Rev. Dr. Samuel Langdon to settle at a salary of fifty pounds lawful money annually, or forty-two pounds, and eight cords of good merchantable fire- wood. "Three and sixpence of said money to ho as good as one Bushel of Indian Corn ; four Pence Equal to One Pound of Pork ; Two Ponce half Penny Equal to One Pound of Good Beef." • And the buildings and outside fences of the par- sonage were to be kept in repair, "as has been usual in times past," the lands to be free of taxes. The following is Mr. Langdon's letter of acceptance : " M'hereas the Inhahitance of the Parish of Hampton Falls att a Legal Meetine: held the Eleventh Day of December, 1780, by their vote at ^aiil Meeting gave mo a call to be tlv-'ir Minister; and by a subsequent vote made provision (here he proceeds to carefully state the terms) all which votes have been commuuicated to nie by their Committe: There seri- ously attended to tlie foregoing Call to devote my LalKUii-s in the minis- try of the Gospel to the Service of this Parish, and Notwitlistaudingsomo Discouragements which have appeared iu my way, and the Earnest .-\p- plications which have been made to me by some other Parishes when there was a prospect of a Peaceable and Comfortable Settlement, I can- not hut appi'ehend it to be my Duty to Comi)ly with the Call of this Parish Coiisideiing the unhappy divided state they have been in for so many years past, and hoping I am not mistaken iu Judging it to he a call fiom God, by the Intinuxtions of liis providence I do hereby Declaio my acceptance of their Call, together with the provision made for that part of my support which i^ granted by the parish, the DL-ti(_ioiicy of which is to be made up by the Brethren of tlie Chnrch and Congrega- tion only reserving to myself the Liberty of choice as to the alternative mentioned in tlie fifth vote. And relying on the gracious assistance of our Lord Jesus Christ I shall make it my constant Care, and Labour to fullfil the Duties of the Gu-pel Ministry in this place to the utmost of my abilities, so Long ;i3 God shall continue me among this i>coide. " S.\siVEL Laxguox, D.D. " Hampton Falls, January 7tli, 17S1. " For the parish clerk, in Hampton Falls, to be Eecordcd in the Parish Book." It seems by a subsequent allusion of the records that Dr. Langdon chose the eight cords of wood in the place of the additional eight pounds lawful money. Good merchantable wood seems to have meant hard wood. It may be of interest to state that Rev. Paine AVingate was a candidate for State senator in 1786-87, and iu 1788 a candidate " for Representative for the Federal government," which probably meant a mem- ber of the national House of Representatives, of which he was a member at some time. In all these cases he received a full vote in Hampton Falls, but in the latter case there was no choice, and at the election that followed his name does not appear as a candi- date. Among the few allusions during Mr. Lang- don's peaceful settlement, the following occurs in con- nection with the annual meeting, March, 1787 : "The Article Eclalive to making an addition to Docl' Langdon's Salary was takeu under consideration, and no vote was piissed upon it." The following record occurs in January, 1788: " The Eevl Doctor Samuel Langdon, D.D., was Chosen and Appointed for a Delegate for the Convention to be held at Exeter on the Second Wednesday of February next, fol^ the purpose of adopting a Constitu- tion for the Uuited States." The following clause from the warrant for the choice of Presidential electors in 1788 is worthy of being inserted here, however irrelevant it may seem to the subject in hand : " And, as it is a matter peihaps of the greatest moment and Conse- quence to us and future posterity, it is to be hoped thit a general attend- SEABROOK. 501 ance will be given, and tliat Each ono iviU Endeavor to gain Sncli In- formation as shuU Enable liira to act with wisdom, priidonce, and Dis- cerument." Evidently tlie present system of political bosses and machines did not »then prevail in political affairs. The following vote was passed at the annual meeting in 1780 : "That the addition to Dr, Langdons Salary for the fntnro Shall be ten pontKlB, at two Shillings for Days work, or if any Choose to pay money thoy may have liberty to pay." It was previously voted that the addition should be in labor. Page 155 is filled with a record of mar- riages by Dr. Langdon, covering a period of three and a half years from March 18, 1786, to Sept. 21, 1789, and the number, fifteen, is small compared with the records of the earlier pastors in this line. In 1792 six marriages by Dr. Langdon are 'recorded, eight of the twelve persons being non-residents. Deo. 14, 1791, Mr. John Goddard and "Mr" Mary Langdon were united by the doctor. Perhaps Mary was a daughter of the doctor, and her marriage the result of an acquaintance formed while he was settled at Portsmouth, where Mr. Goddard resided. About this time " Falls" came to be written with a large F, and the term " parish" omitted. In February, 1793, it was " Voted to Sel the Parsonage Land Near Esqr weares, & 3dly, voted to Sel Come of the Comman on the South side of the old meeting house hil as much as Josiah Porveare took in to the Scool house fraim." And the committee chosen for that purpose were instructed to invest the proceeds in marsh land or upland, to be added to the parsonage. For the year 1793 Dr. Langdon returned but four marriages, and five of the parties were non-resi- dents. In 1794, Paine Wingate was again a candidate for Congress. From March, 1794, to March, 1795, Mr. Langdon returned eleven marriages, and twelve of the persons were non-residents. The next year he returned ten, of whom thirteen were non-residents. And in 1797 he returned only six, of whom just half were residents, among them Dudley Dodge and Betsey Fifield, married June 30, 1796. In 1796, Paine Win- gate was again a candidate for senator, and also the year following. " Page 244, year 1797," contains the following records : October 30th it was voted to hire some suitable person to preach four Sabbaths, and at an adjourned meeting, December 2.jtb, it ^vas votpil to hire eight Sabbaths' preaching. And at another adjournment to Feb. 19, 1798, arrangements were made for two more Sabbaths, and " it was Put to vote and Desired by the Itetting that the Select JIcii Put up a Notification to see if the Town will hire Mr. abbott upon Piubation." And at the same time a committee was appointed to confer with Lieut. Fifield and others, and invite them to join in public worship. Perhaps a similar measure might be beneficial at the present time, in view of the many who do not join in public worship. The above records are the only intimation that Dr. Langdon had been ill, had died, and been buried. From other sources it is learned that he was born in Boston, ]\Iass., in 1723 ; graduated at Harvard in 1740 ; opened a school in Portsmouth soon after; was settled as pastor at Portsmouth from 1746 to 1774, after act- ing as associate pastor for one or two years ; president of Harvard from 1774 to 1780 ; installed pastor at Hampton Falls .Tan. 18, 1781, and died Nov. 29, 1797, aged seventy-five, having been settled sixteen years. Tradition says that as president of Harvard he failed in discipline, and that as a preacher he was quite lengthy, the sun being well down in winter when the afternoon service closed, and no fire in the meet- ing-house either. In delivering his discourse he used a magnifying glass, occasionally examining his manuscript with its aid, and then folding it up, pro- ceeded from memory. "While settled here Mr. Lang- don had the misfortune to break a leg, obliging him to preach standing in the broad aisle for several Sab- baths before he was able to assume his usual place in the lofty pulpit. It is learned from tradition that growing feeble from advanced age, he recommended Mr. Abbott as his successor. March 12, 1798, it was voted to hire Mr. Abbott five Sabbaths on probation, and at the expiration of that time a call was expended to him to settle as pastor. The terms offered him were the parsonage, as usual, ten cords of pine and hemlock wood delivered at his door, two hundred dollars, and his choice between six cords of good merchantable hard wood and twenty- five dollars. May 7th, a month later, this offer was increased to " 300 silver dollars," and his lengthy letter of acceptance, on record, is dated June 2, 1798. From the parish records it is learned that Rev. Jacob Abbott and Mrs. Catharine Thayer were joined in marriage Feb. 11, 1802, and that their first daughter was born exactly nine months afterwards, November 11th. There are also recorded the births of two sons and six daughters, making nine children in all. These births were all at regular intervals of two years, with the exception of the last, when the time was eleven months. Mr. Abbott may be considered as the last of the parish pastors, and the only one of the six' wdio had any children while here, so far as the records show. The second volume of the parish or town records ends with the beginning of 1814, and tlie only further reference to Mr. Abbott in this volume is as chairman of the school committee in 1801 and 1807. The only other instance of a com- mittee "to inspect the schools" was in 1794, when Eev. Dr. Langdon was chairman. In all these cases Nath. Hubbard Dodge was a member of that com- mittee. We have already seen how soon after the settle- ment of Mr. Wingate, in 1703, the secession of the Presbyterians finally led to the incorporation of the parish and town of Seabrook ; and, by the way, an effort was made in 1782 to form a town comprising 1 Except Mr. Wingate, who had two daughters. 502 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Seabrook and a part of Hampton Falls, to be called iSfew Hampton Falls. At the dedication of the new town hall of Hampton Falls, Oct. 30, 1877, in the course of an historical address, the orthodox speaker said, "About this time the Baptists gave the authori- ties much trouble." And it is true that in 1808 they did object to being taxed for the support of another minister besides their own, and found it necessary, in order to obtain a hearing, to appeal to Thomas Leavitt, a justice of Harnpton Falls, to call a meet- ing— " to see if said meeting will agree to discharge the Congregational tax standing against the Baptist Society in said Hampton falls," " to see if the meeting will agree that the Inhabitants each of them have liberty to attend any Society they like best and pay their minister tax where ■ they attend only." And in the light of to-day their request does not seem very unreasonable, though from the remark of the speaker a contrary impression might have been re- ceived. The following are the names of the persons who signed the petition for the above-named meeting : William Brown, Billy Dodge, Jacob Green, John Pike, Toppan Chase, James Green, Nathan Eobie, Dudley Dodge, John Brown, Josiah Pike, Isaac Brown, Thomas Moulton, John H. Dodge, Isaac Dodge, Zephaniah Brown, Caleb Pike, Jeremiah Gove, Nathan Brown, Jacob Brown, Jeremiah Gove, Jr., Jonathan Fifield. These people were at that time Christian Baptists, though some of them after- wards became regular Baptists, called by some Calvin Baptists. William Brown was a lay preacher, united with the regular Baptists in 1835, was chosen a deacon, and died in 1856. Jacob and Zephaniah survived him, and remained connected with the Christian Baptists until the last. At the m'eeting held " at the Congregational meeting-hou.se" these people received a prompt and decided " no" to their requests. But agitation of the truth is never in vain, and " truth, though crushed to earth, will rise again." At the next term of court they entered an action against the selectmen to recover the tax assessed against them in 1806. And at the annual meeting of 1809 it was voted : " In Piespect to the Baptists that the Selectmen shall not tax those that Present Certifycatea to them at or before the assessments are made" for the minister tax. And Nathaniel H. Dodge, Jeremiah Blake, and Theo. F. Sanborn were chosen a committee to settle the legal actions commenced. In 1810 they were denied their request for a share of the parsonage property, but this' point also they finally gained. Rev. Jacob Abbott was the only one of the six parish pastors born in New Hampshire, the rest all being natives of Massachusetts. All were graduates of Plarvard, for that was then the only college in the country. Mr. Abbott was born at Wilton, N. H., in 1768, graduated in 1792, was or- dained Aug. 15, 1798, and resigned April 1, 1820, after a settlement of twenty-eight years. While set- tled here Mr. Abbott used to have in his family young men fitting for Harvard, or those who had been conditioned or suspended, and among the num- ber was one afterwards known as Prof. Webster, who was hanged for the murder of Mr. Parkman. Tradi- tion says he had the reputation of being a hard boy while residing in this place. Mr. Abbott was drowned on Sabbath day, Nov. 2, 1834, at Wind- ham, N. H., aged fifty-six. He preached on the day of his death, and was returning from meeting in a boat across a pond in company with two of his own sons, a neighbor, and his son. Two of the young men escaped by swimming, Ebenezer Abbott clung to the boat and was saved, while the two elder men were drowned. One of Mr. Abbott's daughters became the wife of N. Porter Cram, of Hampton Falls, and is still living with a daughter at Winchester, Mass. In 1826, after Mr. Abbott was dismissed, Mr. Moses Dow preached about threi3 years as a stated supply. The following is taken from the records of the Hampton Falls and Seabrook Evangelical Congregational Church : "The Eevtl. Henry C. Jewett was eng.Tged to preach during the sum- mer of 18.34. He came in June & remained three or four months. He preached apart of the time in the Hampton Falls meeting house & the remainder in the Exeter Road school-house ; the Unitarians having pus- session of the meeting-house. After he left those who preferred evafi- gelical preaching went to the Congregational meeting house in Seabrook, where the Ileveer Motion for the well ordering & Regulating the affairs of the said Parrish Do Grant & confirm unto the Said Inhabitants & their Successors to be a Town or Parrish Incorporate by the name of South-Hampton within the bounds following, viz Begining at the Atlantick Sea or Ocean on the East, at the distance of three miles North of the mouth of the River Merrimack, & from thence to run Northerly to the bounds of that part of the Town of Hampton called Hampton Falls, & thence AVesterly pursuing the Bounds of the Said Parrish of Hampton Falls to the Parrishcs of Kensinton & Kingstown as has been reputed to have been heretofore agreed upon between the said Towns & Salsbury & Amsbury & Kingstown, till it meets a Wiiite Pine Stump In a Line comonly called Shapleys line, & from P. White Pine Stump due South two miles & one Quarter of a mile till it meets a Stake in Mitchells Line that Stands in a hol- low or vale, at the North end of a Road & on the Easterly Side of the Said Road that leads from Ams- bury across the Childrens Land (so called) Said Stake Stands three miles & a half South Seventy Seven de- grees & half West from the Southwest corner of the New Meeting House in Said Parrish, Including all the inhabitants & their Estates from the Said three 516 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW IIA5IPSHIRE. Miles North of the Eiver Merrimac begining at the Athintic Sea or Western Ocean on the East, & running Northerly from Mitchels Line (as determined by his Majtie in Council) to the bounds of Hampton Falls Parrish & then Westerly on the Bounds of Kensington & Kingston aforesaid until it meets with the Said White Pine Stump in Shapleys line So called, & from Said Stump due South two miles and one Quarter of a mile to the Stake aforesaid in Said Mitchels Line neare the Childrens land (Excepting the Lands Estates & Poles of Jacob French, John True, Jona- than Hoit, Joseph Tucker, Joseph Page, Samuel Eaton, Ephraim Eaton, Richard Smith, Joseph Todd, Thomas Selly, David Fowler, Tristam Collins, Samuel Fowler, Samuel Watson, Jeremiah Wheeler, Benjamin Hoit, James Jackman, Elihu Dow, John Eaton, Noah Dow, Benjamin Collins, Biidad Dow, Judah Dow, Benony Selly, Samuel Selly, John Eaton, Jr., .... who are hereby annexed to the Parrish of Hampton Falls & in all Respects incorporated into the Parrish of Hampton Falls, for their well ordering & being Regulated for Parrish affairs,) Jo have and To hold all the Priveledges & Imunities of a Town Corporate & to be ruled & Governed in all Respects for the Said Town affairs, by the laws of the Province of New- hampshire as other Towns are. The first Town Meet- ing Shall be called by Joseph Jewell, John Flanders, & Henry Currier, the Seventh day of June. Next by Notification in Writing by them Signed & affixed to the Meeting House Dore Seven day's at least before the holding of Such Meeting & afterwards the Town Meetings Shall be called at Such times as the affairs of Said Town may Require in Such Manner as the Laws of the Province of Newhampshire hath pre- scribed for Towns. And We do "further by these Presents for us our Heirs & Successors, Grant, Estab- lish and Ordaine, That yearly once in a Year & for- ever hereafter namely the first Monday in March Yearely there shall be held and kept by the Free- holders and Inhabitants of Said Town a Town Meet- ing at their Publick Meeting Place in Said Town, & there by a Majority of the Freeholders & Inhabitants presents Legally Qualified to A^ote, to make Choice of all Town OflBcers for the Ensuing Years, and to transact any other affairs of the Town as other Towns & Parishes, according to the Laws of the Said Pro- vince do .... In Testimony whereof we have caused the Public Scale of our Said Province to be hereunto afiixed. — Witness Penning Wentwortli Esq., Gover- nour and Commander in Chief in and over our Said Province of Newhampshire the twenty-fifth day of May in the fifteenth yeare of our Reign, Annoqr Dom, 1742. B. WEIfTWOETH. Province of ] ^^^.^^^^^ 24th, 1742. ISQW Hampse ) By his Excelencys Comand "With, the advice of the Council Theodore Atkinson Secy The following interesting documentary liistory, being petitions, etc., is taken from the State records. In addition to the general interest contained therein, these furnish us with names of various of the early inhabitants: Petition of mndnj inhahilants to he set off, dx. Toliis ExcellJ Belling Wontwoitli Esq' Cupti Gen'Wind Gotci'ti' in Cliicf in and over liis llajcstics Province of New Ilanipsliire in N. Engliinil and to tlio Ilunbie his Majesties Council and llepresentativcs in Gl-uI Court assembled SepLem'^'' U^^ 1742. Tlie Petition of Sundry of y« Inliabitants nf tbo E.st ]iart of Salisbiiiy which hy the riming the new Line fall into the Province of New IIani|i- phire and (as wc are informed) are included in the late charter granted for ye Townsliip of South Hampton, Humbly Shewih : — That we tbe subscribers being compVehended in the aforesr.yo 20"" 174J. The within Petition Read & Ibo Ilou^e having reconsidered the affair A'otod, That a Line be extended from the dividing Line be- tween Hampton Falls P'iah & ye PUsh of Kensington to tbe Province Line, being south four degrees West, and that all the Inhabitants i their Estates to ye Eustward of y' lino that did belong to South Hampton shall be annexed to Hampton Falls p-ish, Aud ye Petitioners have Liberty to bring in a Bill accordingly. James Jeffry, Clr. Ass™ In Council, Nov : 25, 1742. Concurrd with Ibis amendment, viz. After the words Hampton Fulls Pani-h, bo added,— to all Intents k Purposes except the Dutys of repairing & mending highw.iys below the above s^ Line, & pf\ying their SOUTH HAMPTON. 517 Province Tax which is to he paitl as usual tiU a now Proiiortion or the further order of the Gen' As-senihiy. Thcod. Atkinson, Set-y. Eod. Bio. In the House of Kepresent^ tho above vote of Council for amentlm* Read A Concurrd. James Jeffi-cy, Clcr. Ass"* "Eod"! Die. — Assented to B. WliNTWOKTII. Memorial of luhalitants of South Ilamplon. To his Excellency Benniiig Wentwovth Esq. C';iiit.iin General and Guvenioiir in Chief in and over hia M;ij. sties Trovince uf New Hamp- shire in New Enghmd and to the Ilononrablo his Msijestios Councih After our Duty expressed we find our:ielv03 constrained to nuike our humble acknowledgement of your GoolUicss cxtLMided toward us, and llttiini you thanks for granting our Petition and Incui porating us into a Town called by y" name of South Ilampton. Wo have been credible informed that some of our Dessenting bretliren that lives at y^ upper or west part of our Tuwu have preferd a petition to j^' Honourable Court to be set off from us and \\g hoar all no that they have presented a copy of a vote to your Excellency & Uououi-s that wo are willing they should be set off, which A'ote we oppose for y Reasons hereafter men- tioned. Our Dessenting brethren Did at a Town meeting present us a petition which is as fulloweth : '• September yo 29*** 1742. Wti whose names are under written do Pe- tition to the Town of South Hampton that they would agi'ee to j^ass a vote that that pait of y" town wliich lycth upon y"^ we^t side of Powers Piivcr should be set off as soon as they are in order U> Settel a minister y' is more convenaut for them that is as many as shall be willing to bo set off, then we will agree to help support y« minister here till then ; If you will finish y^ meeting house and settel u niinister upon your charge and like wise Rt-Iease us from doing any thing toward y mcelitig house that has been past: Jonathan Farren, Micah Hoit, James George, John Eliot, Aaron Currier, David Goodwin, David JIartain, Timothy Farren, Thomas Greenfield, John Safgunt, Abraham Mcrril, Kobeit Jlartain, Isathaniel Ash, Philip Cballis, Samuel Goodwin, AVilliam Sargent, Caleb Hobs, Daniel Goodwin, Gcoige Martaiu, Jonathan Kimball, Benjamin Kimball, Roger Eastman, David Colb}', Jacob Colby, Zaclieus Colby, Jonathan Wotson. "A true Copy Examined by mo. "Reuben Dimond, town Clerk." Kow we had no power to set our Dessenting brethren off, for as we had not power to Incorporate ourselves into a BuJy so wo had no power to make any secession and it is not for us to arrogate that to ourselves which belongs to tho Honourable Court; but ^Ye told our Dessenting brethren that it was a time of great charges with ns and if tlipy would joj'newith us in our extraordinary charges, when they sliould be thought capable by lawfull authority to maintain y*^ Gospel of Christ among them y"^ we would pay back again tlieir part of y" extraoi dinary charges that should arise to them in finishing jc meeting house, setteling a minister and building for him: now we did not make this offer, because they could make any majority upon us, but we did it for peace, we con- sidering how good it is for bietlireu to Dwell to gether in Love and unity, and that peace is j '^ beauty of a Society and it is so necessary and so valuable that we were Ready to sacrifice any thing U> procure it, saving only a good conscience, and so we proceeded to a vote which is as fulloweth: At a meeting of y® Inhabitants of y*" town of South Hampton, Sep- tember ye 29, 1742, Cornet Abraham Brown was chosen ^Inderator for ye same meeting. At y^ same meeting it was taken into consideration that, "Whereas, there are a number of Inhabitants of y" upper or west part of this town y' lives at considerable Distance from meeting and have thoughts in time to be better accommodated than constantly to as- semble with us, and we being Desirous to exercise all Christian Regard and kindness to them, Votes first, That all those persons that lives above or to the Westward of Capt, Jonathan Currier's that have a mind to go off and be a Parish shall have their extraordinary cliarges tliat they are now at among ns paid back again to them:— that is tu say, All their part of y« extraordinary charge that shall arise to them by finish- ing yo meeting honse, settling a minister and building for him, when they shall be thought capable by lawfull authority to maintain the Gos- pel of Christ among them. Provided they uo not molest or hinder m of yc other part in our speedy settling a Gospel minister among us, and ytthey pay toward his support while they are of us or belong to us, hoping at tho same time, they will of their own free will be assisting to us. 2iy Vototl, Tlnit we will mako no opposition to them in their Iiideav- ours to a Reg'Iar toM'n or parrish whenever they shall ho thought ca- pable by lawfull authority — voted in y* aflirmatlve. A triio Coppy — Attest, Itcuben Dimond, Town Clerk. Now after this Vote was offered to our Dessenting bretliren we chose a Committee to go to y" Asaociatian meeting of y° RovJ Ministers at y" Rev. Mr. Colfln's in Kingston to ask advice, How we .should pi-oceed in ]^'-"l;n- way to settel a Gospel minister among us, and there aiijifar'd two ofoiir Dissenting brethren and Declaied that they would not joyue witli us in setteling a minister for they s'^ that vote was only a hham for wo knew tliat they could not make a parrish ; but tlu^y said that wo should have put into ye vote y* when they and their neighbonis could make a Parrish ; whereas we drew y" vuto according to their petition, and they never ask us to set tlicni off tu jNyne with their neighbours for there is no such a word in their petition as their neighbouis. At a meeting of the Inhabitants of South Hampton, November y" 20, 174:2, John Flanders was chosen moderator for y-' same meeting. At 3" same meeting it was taken into consideialion, that Whereas we y" In- habitants of this Town being in pi csent want of a pious, lamed ortho- dox minister of a good conversation, to dispense y word and Adminis- tei- y*: oidinances of our Lord Jesus among us, and it being our Duty to look up to Heaven for Divine Assistance to guide us in all our afl'airs, therefore, Vuti-d, that Thursday y^i^d day of December next isapjiointed to be a day of Fasting and Piaycr in order for y" calling & setteling a Gospel minister among us, voted and ] ast in jcaffiimativc. Nalhaniel Ash, Jonathan Farren, James George, Daniel Goodwin, Jacob C^lby, Sami Goodwin, John Eliot, David Goodwin, Philip Challi-s David Colby, enters their contrary Di-ssi-nts agaiiibt 30 Vote for ye fast which was for calling and setteling a Gospel minister among us. A true Copy of y vote and all ye dissenters that live above or to 3" westward of Powers River. Attest — Reuben Dimond, Town Cler. At the same meeting Capt. Jonathan Currier and Joseph French jnn. waschosen a Committee to call in ye assistance of y neighbouiing minis- ters to cellebrate a day of Fasting and prayer among us — Voted & past in ye afRrraative. A true copy. Reuben Dimond, Town Clerk, Now when ye Rev. Ministers was come, which we called to our assi^'- ance, our Desenting brethren appeared and opposed them and beat off}° forenoon exercise, yet notwithstanding all their oppositions and Alega- tions the Rev. Ministers Did not see but ye way was clear to proceed to ye worship of ye day where unto they were call'd. At a legal meeting (Jf ye Inhabitants of ye Town of SoTith Ilampton, December •21, 174i, John Flanders was chosen Moderator y^' Same meet- ing. At ye same meeting it was Voted, That we give yo Rev' 31r. Wil- liam Parsons a call to settel in y* work of ye Gospel ministry among \is. Voted in ye afflnuative. At y^ same meeting, James George, .lonathau Farren, Aaron Currier, David Geodwin, David Colby, Daniel Goodwin, Zaeheus Colby, Philip Cliallis, Jonatlian Watson, Sam^ Goodwin, Rogles Colby, RoEcr Easman, Jacob Colby, Robart IMartain, jMnah lloyt, li^nters their conti'ary Desents against y" Vote for calling and setteling the Rev. Mr. A\'illiam Parsons or any other man in y work of y Ministry under their present cnrcumstauccs. A tiue Copy of y^ vote and all ye Dessent- ers that lives above or to ye westward of Powers River, Attest, Reuben Dimond, Town Clerlv. At ye same meeting it was Voted that y^ 2:i'i Day of February next is appointed to be a day of ordination among us & at ye same meeting Jo- seph French, Jolin Ordaway, Thomas Merril and Abraham Brown were chosen a Committee to send Letters to ye Rev. BlinisterB and I\lessen- gers to be assistant in gathering a Church and in ordaining tho Rev, I\Ir. William Parsons in ye work of ye ministry among us. Voted in tho atfirniative, A true Copey, Attest, Reuben Dimond, Town clerk Now ye ministers wo calld to our assistance were the Rev. LIr. Chusing, Mr. Wliipple, Mr. Joseph Parsons, Mr. Sand Parsons, Mr. Fogg, Mi-. Coffin, Mr. Webster: These wear chosen a Council to carrey on ye work of the ordination among us, and to set y^ day befoie y ordination, and so we notified our Dissenting bretliren to come at y> time appointed and shew Reasons if any they had why ye minister should not be ordained ; but before ye time appointed came, we heard that our Dissenting breth- ren had made Report that they intended to take of our Council, for Bomo were akend to y> man that was to be ordainM and others had given 518 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. judgment before: So ve, liearing of their Stratngems and not being ig- norant of their Devices, we considered it was easiei- to prevent a DiseoB than to cure it, or to keep an adversary out when out, then git him out when ho was in, and so being forewariid we thought it best to bo fore- avni'd and so we calld y^ town together to chuse other ministers. At a meeting of y« Inhabitants of yc town of South Hampton, Jan Vy ye 15th I742_43j Joseph French was (.hosen Moderator. At y same meet- ing it was put to vote wheither the Town would chuse the Kev. Mr. Odlin and the Rev. Mr. Gookin and their messengers to Le assistant I'll Council A\ith y^ other Ministers for gathering a Church and carry on y» ordination among us, and y" vote was past in the affirmative. A true copy. Attest, Eeuben Dimond, Town Clerk. We voted that we would pay back again all their part of y extraordi- nary charges that should arise to them by fiiii->liing yo Meeting house, setteling a minister and building for him when tliey should be thought capable to maintain y Gospel of Christ among them : but then there was a condition annext to that vote : it was provided that they did not molest or hinder ue in our speedy setteling a Gospel minister among us ; but now they have opposed us from place to place, and from time to time they have entered their contrary desents once and agen against our Regular proceedings in an orderly way to settle a Gospel minister among us, and then put us to a great deal of trouble and to an extraordinary charge in calling in that Grand Council which set at y^ time appointed, and the Kev. Mr, Caleb Chusing^ was moderator, and our Dcsenting brethren appeared in Council and objected against some of y Council; and ye Bioderator ask Ihem who they were and they said Mr. Joseph Parsons, Mr. Surauel Parsons, and Mr. Fngg; the Moderator ask them what they had against tliem men ; they s* they wear akent/; and y Moderator ask them what they bad against ye man that was to be ordained as to bis life and conversation or hisDoctrin, and they eledge nothing; but they said je Province line would be moved and then they should lose the money that they had expended with ua, and they had not a convenient way : The Moderator told them as to y« removing y line that could be no bar as to setteling yo minister, for if ye lines should be moved then we must petition ye Massachusetts Court for a Parrish, and as to a way, their law provides how they should get high ways; so notwithstanding all y= objections and allegations they could make the Rev. Council did not see but y<^ way was clear to settel a minister among us. All these molestations, interniptions and oppositions wo have met with from our Desenting brethren since we offerd them that vote ; yet now they would skreen themselves under that vote, that we are willing they should gooff when they have never fullfilld ye conditions of ye vote in any one article ; for if our Desenting brethren had agreed with us, we should have had none occasion to have been at so much trouble and at such an extraordinary charge in sending from town to town and from one Parish to another about ye country to call in thatGrand Council, for two or three of ye neighbouring ministers would have done our business in y« morning before ye ordinition. South Hampton March y 29, 1745. Daniel Brown Nathaniel Monill Daniel Carter Abner Morrill Henry French Joseph Jewit? Joseph Gould Josiah Flanders Joseph Jones Samuel Morrill Ephraim Browa Elijah Rowell John Ordway Reuben Dimond Joseph Chandler Samuel Straw Ephraim Carter Nathan Gould Samuel Barnard Elezer French Joshua Clow Jonathan Jewet Jonathan Flanders Joseiih French Samuel French Henry Currier Daniel French Joseph Morrill Richard Fitts Moses Richnsoa Ezekiel Iloyt Ephraim Carter Orlando Weed? Paul Morrill Names of those in Soutli Hampton who signed the Association Test. We the Subscribers, do hereby solemnly engage and promise that we will to the utmost of our Power, at the Risque of our Lives and For- tunes, with Arms, oppose the Hostile Proceedings of the British Fleets and Armies against the United American Colonies. 1 Probably this was Rev. Caleb Gushing. P.White Henry French Henry French, Jr. James French Obediah French Daniel French Elihu French Isaac Brown Reuben Currier Rob* Long Timothy Huntington Nathaniel Flanders William Graves Josiah Rogers David Graves Stephen Rogers Samuel Pcii'ce William Cooper Humphrey Peirco Mo-es Peirce Humphrey Peirce Jr Tho« Shepherd- Richard Fitts Nathan Fitts Eliphelet Merrill James Hedlock Philip Flanders Jacob Jones Josiah Sawyer Richard Sawyer Israel Sawyer Ezekiel Clough Mr Nathan Currier Challis Currier John Currier Richard Currier Louis Hadlock Jacob Barnard Job Pilsbery Enos George Parker Flanders Er Colby Ezekiel Flanders Timothy Flanders Daniel Jones Nicholas Currier Nathaniel Rowell Isaiah Dole Jonthan Dow Timothy Huntinton (?) Moses Flanders, I subscribe Pro- vided that the act or advice of the said Continental Congress bo complied with Respecting minute men. Edmund Pilsbury Barnard Currier Ephraim Carter Abel French Benjamin Clough Abel Brown N. Noyes Thomas Tuxbnry Merrill Flanders OnesiphoruB Page Richard Currier Flanders Richd Collins Philip Osgood Ezekiel French Joseph Jones, Jr Joseph Jones Joseph Merrill Barnard Flanders Philip Flanders Thomas Currier Jon a. Prasa Benjamin Brown Enoch Page Richard Greele Moses French Jacob Dole Daniel Page Ebenezer French, Jr Henery Tuells? Benjamn Barnard Josiah Flandera Eliphelet Merrill Jr Daniel Colby William Clough 85. Colony of New Hampshire — Sonth Hampton June 24*'' 1776. Agreable to the within, we have Desired the males in sd Town to sign the Declaration on this paper & It hath been complied with by all so desired excepting those whose names are hereafter mentioned. Jeremiah Flajiders Isaiah Flanders Jeremiah Flanders Jr Christopher Flanders — 4_ Abel French Igeieetmea Joseph Merrill J REPRESENTATIVES FROM 175-5 TO 1882. This town united with Newtown and chose repre- sentatives to sit in the Congress at Exeter, as follows : 17V5-76. Phillips White, Speaher. 1770-77. Stephen Bartlett, New- town. 1777-78. Eliphalet Merrill. 1778-79. Abraham Kjmball, New- town. 1779-80. Benjamin Brown. 17S0-81.2-Eobt. Stewart, Newtown. 1782. Pliillips White. 1783. Benjamin Clough. 1783. Benjamin Clough. 1784.3 Eiiphalet Merrill. 1785-87. Nathaniel Batchelder, £ast Kingston. 2 After this date the Bessions were held at Concord. ' In 1784 South Hampton was united with East Kingston as classed towns, and representatives were chosen from them alternately. SOUTH HAMPTON. 519 SOUTH HAMPTON. 1788. Benjamin Cloiigh. 1788. Benjamin Clougli. 1791-92. Natliiiniel BatchelJer. 1793. Eliphalet Webster, East Kingston. 1794. Benjamin Barnard. 1796. Benjamin Barnard. 1798. Benjamin Barnard. 1800. Benjamin Barnard, 1802. .Tolin H. Pillsbnry. 1804. Benjamin Barnard. 1806. John H. Pillsbury. 1808. Kichard Wliite. IS17. Richard Wliite. 1848. John Gale. 1849. Kufns Dow. ISoO. RufusDow. 1850. Ttiomas J. Goodwin. 1851. Thomas J. Goodwin. 1852. James M. Jewell. 185.3. James M. Jewell. 18-54. Thomas J. Guudwin. 1855. Nathan Peters. 1856. John C. Forsaith. 1857. John C. Forsaith. 1858. Benjamin Sawyer. 1859. Benjamin Sawyer. 1800. Jacob B. French. 1801. Moses Eaton, Jr. 1802. Thomas Sawyer. 1803. Gil man B. Currier. 1804. Gilman B. Currier. 18G5. Amos Merrill. 1800. Jacob Eaton. 1807. Jeremiah M. Goodwin. 1868. Jacob Eaton. 1869. William F. Towle. 1870. William F. Towle. 1871. John C. Evans. 1872. John C. Evans. 1873. Samuel Eastman. 1874. Thomas Sawyer. 1.^75. Samuel P. Eaton. 1870. Warren A. Woodman. 1870. Joseph J. J. Sawyer. 1877. Blose.^ J. Eaton. 1808. Moses J. Eaton. 1810. Richard White. 1812. Samuel Barnard. 1814. Samuel Barnard. 1816. Jacob Jewell. 1818. Jacob Jewell. 1820. Ephraim Fitts. 1822. Ephraim Fitts. 1824. Abel Brown. 1826. Parker Merrill. 1828. Abel Brown 1830, Parker Merrill. 1832. Abel Brown. 1834. Barnard Jewell. 18:i6, Barnard Jewell, 1838. Bichard White, 1840. Nathan Brown, 1841. John Palmer, 1842. John Palmer. 1843. Alfred Jewell. 1844. Alfred Jewell. 1845. George W. Fitts. 1846. John Gale. In the session of the Legislature in June, 1878, an act was passed changing the representation, uniting East Kingston with South Hampton as classed towns. Since that time South Hampton has not had a repre- sentative from her territory. For the biennial ses- sions of 1879 and 1880, Francis T. French, of East Kingston, was elected ; and for 1881 and 1882 George W. Sanborn, of East Kingston. MILITARY RECORD, 1861-65. Henry Wilson, Co. K, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 30, 1803 ; trans. U. S. navy, April 29, 1804. James Wilson, Co. K, 2d Regt. ; enl. Dec. 2, 1803. John Smith, Co. K, 2d Regt. ; enl. Dec. 2, 1863. George Baker, Co. I, 2d Eegt, ; enl, Dec. 2, 1803. Amnii Farr, Corp. Co. C, Cth Eegt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; pro. to 2d lieut. Co. B, 17th Eegt.; disch, April 10, 1863, Otis S. Currier, Co, C, 6th Eegt, ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; absent, sick, July 17, 1865, no disch. furnished. John G. Colcord, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; pro. to corp, ; disch. May 27, 1865. Joseph F. Deleware, Co. C, 6th Regt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; died Sept. 16, 1864. Newell F. Hill, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; disch. July 17, 1805. Stephen M. Towle, Co. C, 6th Regt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1801 ; died Nov. 27, 1863, Amos S, Osgood, Co. C, 6th Regt. ; enl, Sept. 3, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1866. Edwin S. Osgood, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1802 ; pro. to corp. ; disch. June 4, 1865. Charies Blumney, Co. K, Cth Eegt, ; enl. Sept. 17, 1862 ; disch. May 31, 1803. George L. Eaton, Co. C, 0th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1862; disch. Jan. 14, 1863. Evander A. Goodrich, Co, 0, 6th Eegt, ; enl, Sept. 3, 1862 ; disch. Sept. 3, 1865. Estwick E. Morrill, Co. A, 6th Eegt, ; enl. Sept. 17, 1862; absent, sick, July 17, 1865, no disch. furnished. George II. P. Rowell, Co. 0, 0th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 3, 1862; died Sept. 20, 1863. Cyrus W. Tonney, Co. C, 6th Eegt.: enl. Sept, 3, 1862; pro. to corp. ; disch. June 4, 18G5. riiineas P. Wliitehousc, Co. C, Otli Regt. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1802 ; pro. to corp. ' absent, sick, no disch, furnished. John H, Hardy, Co. C, 0th Ri^gt.; enl. Nov. 27, 1801; pro. to corp. and sergt. ; disch. July 17, 1805. Edwin Bragg, Co, D, 0th Regt,; enl, Aug. 17, 1864; disch. July 1, 1865. Thomas Bell, Co. B, 0th Kcflt.; enl. Sept. 3, 1802. Oliver II. F. Delaware, Co, B, 8th Eegt.; eul, Dec, 20, 1801 ; disch. July 6, 1802, George II, Flint, Co. B, 8th Eegt, ; enl, Dec. 20, 1801 ; died Feb. 24, 1S03. James Frederick, Co. C, 9th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 25, 1804. Edward J. Stevens, Co. B, 0th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 1, 1803. Michael Summers, Co. I, 11th Regt.; enl. Sept. 2, 1802; disch, June 4, 1805, George R, Huee, Co. 1, 11th Regt ; enl. Sept. 2, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1865. Lewis Little, Co. E, )3th Regt.; enl. Sept. 24, 1862. Daniel S. Davis, Co. D, 14th Eegt.; enl. Oct. 6,1802; disch. July 27,1803. John Eourke, Co. F, 14th Eegt.; enl. Aug, 0, 1864; disch. July 8, 1865. Abel K. Fowler, Co, H, 18th Eegt, ; enl, Feb, 9, 1805 ; disch. July 20, 1805. Israel S. Merrill, Co. II, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 21,1805; disch. July 15,180.5. George Brewer, corp. Co. K, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 17, 1864; disch. June 15, 1805. William F. Dame, Co. K, H, Art,; enl, Sept. 17, 1804; disch. Juno 15, 1865. George II. Lang, Co. K, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 17, 1804; disch. June 15, 1805. Thomos G. Wentworth, Co. K, II. Art.; enl. Sept. 17, 1804; disch. June 15, IKllo. Samuel Cainpton, U. S. C. T. ; enl. Aug. 5, 1804; date of disch. unknown. John Jones, U. S. C. T. ; enl. Aug. 5, 1804; date of disch. unknown. John 0. P. Clifford, navy, enl. August, 1802; date of disch. unknown. Benjamin S. Gordon, enl. 1803 ; date of discli. uukno-wn. William Delaney, enl. Aug. 17, 1804; date of disch, unknown. CHAPTER LXXVII. SOUTH HAMPTON.— ( Contumed.) ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.' Congregational Church — The Baptist Church — Froe-WiU Baptist Church — Other EeligiouB Denominations — Uuiversalists — Methodist Episco- pal — Episcopalian, Etc. The Congregational Clmrch. — Previous to 1742 the people at Loggin Plain (South Hampton Hill) worshiped with the Second Church in Salisbury, now known as the Rocky Hill Church. Rev. Joseph Parsons was the pastor. The meeting-house was then located about one mile north of the present church, and near the residence of the late Aaron 0. Morrill in Salisbury. A movement was made as early as 1735 to have the meeting-house 'moved to some other loca- tion, but it was not voted till 1784, when it was re- moved to the present location. The Rocky Hill Church was gathered Nov. 17, 1718, and Rev. Joseph Parsons was called to the pas- torate. He died March 13, 1789, in the sixty-ninth 1 The following chapter is condensed from an excellent work by Ben- jamin E. Jewell, Esq., entitled " Religious History of South Hampton." The work also contains a valuable appendix, which was prepared by F. B. French, Esq., P. P. Whitehouse, and Mr. Jonathan Pressey. The following-named citizens generously contributed the sum necessary to secure its publication: Joseph T. Merrill, Jacob Eaton, Frederick B, French, Jonathan Preesey, Phincas P. Whitehouse, Moses J. Eaton. James M. Jewell, Samuel Eastman, Isaiah F. Purintou,Rev. S. S, White, Barnard Jewell, and the author, Benjamin R. Jewelt. 520 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. year of bis age, and the twenty-first of liis ministry. The church received three hundred members during bis pastorate. In August, 1742, Rev. Samuel Web- ster, D.D., accepted the call of the church, and died in 1796, in the fifty-fifth year of his ministry, Up- Avards of three hundred people joined the church during his ministry, fifty-three on Jan. 4, 1756, and seventy-nine during tliat year. Rev. Andrew Beatie was pastor from June 28, 1797, to March 16, 1801. His successor was Rev. William Balcb, who was pas- tor from 1802 to 1816. From 1816 to 1830 there was no settled pastoi\ At that time Rev. Benjamin Saw- yer was called to the pastorate, and continued in charge of the church until his death in March, 1871. In November, 1735, the town of Salisbury voted that they would not hire a minister to preach a third of the time above Powow Hill, at Loggin Plain, al- though land for the support of the ministry had been set off in this division. In December, 1738, the town of Salisbury voted that the meeting-house should not be moved to Stillson Allen's, nor anything be allowed for the support of preaching to those inhabitants liv- ing above Powow Hill. Upon the death of Rev. Joseph Parsons, in 1739, Henry French and sixty-six others at Loggin Plain, above Powow Hill, remonstrated against the settle- ment of another pastor of the AVest Church in Salis- bury, unless the meeting-house was moved to better accommodate them. March 10, 1740, ten persons are named in the records as excused from paying minister rates in Salisbury, if it would better accommodate them to attend and support the meeting at the East Parish of Kingston. The parsonage land of Salisbury, in what is now South Hampton, at that time was divided into six di- visions. At a legal meeting held Dec. 27, 1742, it was voted to give Rev. AVilliam Parsons a call " to settle in the work of the gospel ministry among us," and a com- mittee was chosen to carry the town's offer to Iiim and to receive his answer on Jan. 3, 1743. It was voted that we build a convenient house and barn for the use of Rev. Mr. Parsons. His salary was " the income of the South Parsonage, with privilege to cut wood for fire on North Parsonage, and forty-five pounds in bills of credit on either province, at silver at six shillings and eight pence per ounce." The church was organized Feb. 22, 1743, with Rev. William Parsons, Thomas Merrill, and twelve others. One month later, on Lord's day, March 20, 1743, thirty-nine were admitted by letter from the Rocky Hill Church and three new members. From this date to the resignation of Mr. Parsons, in 17G2, sixty-one v.-ere admitted to the church by letter and one hun- dred and fourteen new members. Rev. Mr. Parsons' pastors^te closed Oct. 6, 1702. For nearly twenty years he had been laboring with the people, and the records show that he had baptized three hundred and forty-four children and solemnized one hundred and fifty-five marriages. It was during his ministry that the great revival in New England was enjoyed. He was a native of Boston, a graduate of Harvard Col- lege class of 1735, and died in 1797, aged eighty-two years. After his dismissal at South Hampton he re- moved to Gilmanton, N. H., where he continued preaching, and also engaged in teaching. He was succeeded by Rev. Nathaniel Noyes, who remained until Dec. 8, 1800. During the ministry of Mr. Noyes sixty-one were added to the church by letter, one hundred and fourteen on profession ; one hundred and eighty-nine children were baptized, and three hundred and ten marriages solemnized. Rev. Nathaniel Noyes was born in Newbury, Mass., Aug. 12, 1735, graduated at Yale College in 1759, studied theology with President Davis, was pastor at South Hampton nearly forty years, and died at Newburyport in 1810, aged seventy-five years. For several years after Mr. Noyes' pastorate at South Hampton closed the Congregationalists held meetings in the town a portion of the time; Rev. Ellas Hull, of Seabrook, Rev. Mr. Hoitt, of Ipswich, and Rev. Benjamin Sawyer frequently preached. March' 20, 1827, Ruth Flanders, the last member of the church, died, and Rev. Mr. Sawyer officiated at the funeral. By vote of the town in 1828 the com- munion service was placed in the hands of Isaiah Palmer, Esq., and it was finally put in the care of Rev. Leander Thompson, of West Amesbury (now Merrimac). The records of the church are in the possession of one of the heirs of the late Thomas T. Merrill, of Merrimac. As I review the eighty-four years of history, I am led to the conclusion that the greatest displays of divine favor to this town were during the ministry of Rev. William Parsons. The Baptist Church.— The first Baptist sermon delivered in this town was in 1774, by Dr. Samuel Shepherd. He was born at East Salisbury, Mass., in 1739, converted in early life, and united with the Congregational Church July 4, 1756. He was bap- tized and taken into the Baptist Church in June, 1770, and immediately began preaching. He was ordained at Stratham, Sept. 25, 'l771. Elder Shep- herd commenced his work in this town in 1774. Here in 1780 was organized the Branch Church. Until 1787 the meetings of the Branch Church were all, or nearly all, held in this town, and from 1787 to 1793 the Sunday services were held all the time at South Hampton, and two-thirds of the time at Salis- bury. No reference is made on the Brentwood Church records till 1790 of meetings in Salisbury. In 1793, and forward probably till 1801, the Sunday services were held one-half the time at South Hampton, and one-half at Salisbury; after 1801 at Salis- bury all the time, at what was known as the "Sboe- string Meeting-House," and the Baptists of this town had the use of the old meeting-house from 1801 to 1833, when the Baptist meeting-house was built, an average of one-third part of the time. Elder True sup- SOUTH HAMPTON. 521 plying the Baptists here most of the time. Thus there h.ive been more or less each year Baptist meetings held in this town on the Sabbath from 1774 to the present date. The Baptist Church of South Hampton was organ- ized Sept. 29, 1830, with the following members: Thomas Flanders, Samuel Flanders, Priscilla Flan- ders, Elizabeth Flanders, Elizabeth Dow, Lydia Jewell, Sarah Barnard, Sarah Barnard (2d), Hannah Sawyer, and Betsey Flanders. The first deacon of 'the church was Thomas Flanders. The old meeting-house was occupied when it could be obtained, but other denominations had a right to occupy it a portion of the time, and when it was not to be secured the commodious dwelling-house of Moses Tuxbury was freely offered, and was occupied by this church. It was the former residence of Hon. Benjamin Barnard, and the present home of Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Wiggin. Mrs. Wiggin is the daughter of Moses Tuxbury. In the summer of 1832 tlie frame of the building for the new church was raised and the corner-stone laid. October, 1832, the church was formally ad- mitted to the Association by letter and delegate. Jan. 16, 1833, the present house of worship was dedicated. The sermon upon that occasion was by Kev. Elijah Foster, of Salisbury. The enterprise of building the meeting-houso was accomplished by six brethren — Moses Tuxbury, Thomas Flanders, Samuel Flanders, Jo.sepli. Stockman, Benjamin Currier, and Charles Jewell. The pastors of the church have been as follows : Jabez True, Samuel C. Gilbert, Otis Wing, Samuel Cook, George A.shby, Samuel Ladd, Palmer C. Hines, John K. Chase, Samuel Ladd, C. H. Pierson, E. A. Edwards, H. E. Brown, Erastus Willard, Joel Wheeler,' S. S. White, E. A. Edwards, J. E. Brown,' James W. Searll, Frank W. Tolman, E. L. Scott, and S. P. Everett, the present incumbent. The deacons of the ch'urch have been Thoaias Flanders, from 1830 to 1S.32; Charles Jewell, from 1833 to 1870 ; Stephen Woodman, from 1842 to 1845 ; George J. Veasey, from 184-5 to 1854 ; John Currier, from 1854 to 1880; Abner J. Wiggin, from 1870 to 1880. John Currier was born in South Hampton, 1802; was converted in 1834, under the ministry of Eev. S. C. Gilbert, united with the church in 1835, and in 1854 was chosen deacon, which office he now holds. Abner J. Wiggin was born in Stratham, 1813, and dates his conversion 1827, removed to South Hampton in 1838, united with the church the follow- ing year, and in 1870 was chosen deacon of the church. I have not been able to ascertain who was clerk of the church from 1830 to 1836. At the last-named date Charles Jewell appears as church clerk, and he held the office till his death. He was succeeded by his son, who resigned in 1878, and Brother P. P. 1 stated supply. Whitehouse was chosen. Phineas P. Whitehouse was born at Hampstead, N. H., August, 1842, con-, verted at South Hampton, during the series of meet- ings conducted by Eev. John Peacock ; was baptized at Muirkirk, Md., in 1868, admitted to this church by letter, September, 1877, and chosen clerk of the church Jan. 31, 1879. The Sunday-scliool connected with the church was organized in 1831, soon after the formation of the church. In 1833 it had seven teachers and fifty pupils. In 1839 the school was suspended for a time, but reorganized in 1S40. In 1853 we find it one of the five schools represented at the first meeting of the Sunday-school convention. In 1854 the school was largely attended and very interesting. The largest attendance ever reported was in 1857 ; thirty-seven new scholars were added that year. In 1859 we wel- comed the Sunday-school convention, and it was fully attended. In 1871 the convention again met in this town, and held a very interesting session. In 1873, Eev. J. W. Searll, our pastor, read the essay before the Sunday-school convention at New- ton. The superintendent of this school read a paper before the same body in 1879, and gave the " histori- cal sketch" in 1880. Charles Jewell was president of the Portsmouth Baptist Sunday-school Convention in 1867, and the present superintendent was chosen president in 1870, and has held the position till the present time. The following brethren have served the Sunday- school as superintendents : Eev. George W., Ashby, John Currier, A. J. Wiggin, George J. Veasey, Stephen Woodman, Charles Jewell, P. P. Whitehouse, and the present incumbent. During the fifty years one hundred and thirty-nine persons have been connected with this church, fifty- two have been dismissed to the fellowship of other Baptist Churches, and nine have been excluded from membership. We have at present twenty-seven resident, and eight non-resident members. There has always been a determination on the part of the members to main- tain the principles of the Baptist denomination. The church has been assisted in its efforts to sustain pub- lic worship by many citizens of the town ; those of other denominations constantly worshiping with us, contributing to the support of the ministry, assisting in devotional meetings, and in every way co-oper- ating with us. AVithout this help and the aid of the convention this church would probably long ago have ceased to exist. Free-Will Baptist Church— Aug. 14, 1830, the first Free-Will Baptist Church in South Hampton was organized with seven members, — James Wood- man, Eunice Woodman, Ezra Flanders, William Carr, Mary Carr, and Dorothy Goodwin. The first meeting was held in the house of James Woodman. (His house was on the same site as that now owned by Mrs. Samuel J. Woodman, of this town.) The 522 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. second meeting of the church was held at Brother Eeuben Flanders' ; Elder Asa Merrill preached and baptized Nancy and Hannah Pierce. Reuben Flan- ders' house was on the road to Tuxbury's Mills, and is now occupied by John H. Flanders and sister. Jonathan Ring and wife were baptized by Elder Henry Pottle October 25th. The first monthly church meeting was held at Levi B. Pierce's, Octo- ber 16th. December 16th, Ezra Flanders and Levi B. Pierce were chosen deacons, and James Woodman clerk. June 14, 1831, Brother Asa Merrill preached at the house of Brother Moses Tuxbury, and on the same day Peter Colby, Hannah Hoit, Moses M. Tux- bury, and Mary, his wife, were baptized. Peter Colby afterwards became a prominent member of the Christian Church in Newton, and Moses M. Tuxbury and wife of the Baptist Church in this place. Elder Bean, Elder Knowles, and JElder James Merrill frequently preached at this time. The first record of the breaking of bread was on Nov. 20, 1831, at the house of Reuben Flanders. On May 15, 1833, the church united with the New Durham Quarterly Meeting, afterwards was dismissed from that, and united with the Rockingham Quarterly Meeting Oct. 7, 1835. On July 7, 1833, their meeting was held at the old meeting-house, and on April 6, 1834, at the school-house. District No. 2, and later the same year at the town-house June 22d. Elder Samuel Emmons Brown preached at the town-house ; nearly all the meetings of the church were held at the town-house at that time. Brother Charles Stevens, Elder John Kimball, and Elder D. H. Lord were among the preachers who supplied the pulpit at this time. In 1837 we find the church record dated Salisbury for the first time. In 1838 meetings were frequently held at Allan's Corner school-house. July 4, 1840, Pelatiah Hanscom was ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, and became the first regular pastor of the church. A general rule was established that at church meet- ings each member present should make a verbal statement of God's dealing with him for the month past, and those who did not attend were required to send a written excuse. In 1841 the services were nearly all held at the town-house and the school-house in District No. 2. March 20, 1841, Elder Hanscom became the subject of church discipline, and the records say that he has had repeated personal entreaties, and he has also been kindly admonished by two or three, and we hope the trial will be settled without entering into church labor. May 2, 1842, the following certificate appears : "This certifies tliat Brother Pelatiah Hanscom expresses to us, the undersigned, thathe has no trial with the First Free-WiU Baptist Church of Christ, in this town, from which he is dismissed this day. "Charles "W. Hoit. " James Woodman. " AzoR G. Woodman." The Rockingham Quarterly Conference was held in the town-house May 24, 1842. The church meet- ings this year and afterwards were frequently held at Dorothy Woodman's at Amesbury, and at Allen's Corner school-house, Salisbury. In 1844 services were held at the Amesbury Academy, Elder Asa Merrill frequently preaching. In 1845 the meetings were held at Allen's Corner and the Mills village, with an occasional sermon at South Hampton. In 1847 the church is spoken of as being in a lukewarm state. In 1848, Elder Benjamin H. McMurphy be- came the second pastor of this church. In 1848 and 1849 the meetings were nearly all held at Allen's Corner school-house and A mesbury Academy. Sept. 26, 1849, the Free-Will Baptist meeting-house was dedicated. It was situated near the residence of Mr. James Quimby in Salisbury. During the nineteen years' history of this church forty-eight persons were admitted to its membership. Both of its deacons are still living, — Deacon Ezra Flanders, son of Deacon Thomas Flanders, in this town, and Mr. Levi B. Pierce, at Haverhill, Mass. The church is still continued at Amesbury, it being considered advisable to change its location to that thriving and prosperous town. Other Religious History.— The population of South Hampton in 1775 was 498 ; in 1790, 448 ; in 1855, 472; and in 1880 it is 383. The income of the parsonage from 1800 to 1833 averaged between $70 and $80, and the town usually raised a sum not ex- ceeding §150 a year for preaching. This, together with the interest on the North Parsonage money, S263.33, was expended by a committee, consisting of two or more persons with the selectmen, and was divided among the different religious denominations proportionately to their tax. In 1810 the Congrega- tionalists had about three-tenths of the income, the Methodists two-tenths, and the Universalists one- tenth. In 1820 the Methodists had about one-fourth, the Congregationalists one-fifth, the Universalists a little less than one-third. In 1830 the Unitarians had one-twelfth, the Methodiste one-ninth, the Congrega- tionalists one-seventh, and the Universalists one- third. From 182.J to 1830 the Universalists employed as preachers Rev. Messrs. Case, Farnsworth, King, Adams, and others; the Congregationalists, Rev. Messrs. Barrett, Sawyer, Cook, Milton, Grovenor, Babbitt, Walsh, and others; the Methodists, Rev. Messrs. Brooks, Peasley, Bulfinch, and others; the Unitarians, Rev. Mr. Turner; the Christians, Rev. Elijah Shaw; the Baptists, Rev. Jabez True, Rev. James Barnaby, Rev. Benjamin Harris, and others ; the Free-Will Baptists, Miss Nancy Towle and Rev. Messrs. Boothby, Ambrose, Marsh, and others. In 1880 the subject of selling the parsonage began to be agitated. Already the barn had been sold for a small sum, and two acres of land leased for nine hun- dred years. In 1832 the present town-house was lo- cated. The next year the standing wood was sold, the site for the Barnard school-house granted and that of the Baptist Church, and in 1834 the burying- SOUTH HAMPTON, 523 ground was laid out, and the remainder of the prop- erty sold in 1842. The amount put to interest for religious purposes was 82585.97. The income of this money in 1834 and 1885 was divided among the fol- lowing societies : Deists, Naturalists, Second Uni- versalists, Congregationalists, Quakers, Unitarians, Episcopalians, Baptists, Free Baptists, Methodists, Philanthropists, Free Thinkers, and Universalists. The Second Universalist Society was simply an ac- commodation for some who had little or no religious belief, to secure a part of the income of the parsonage fund. The regular Universalist society was at this time at the height of its prosperity. It is probable that when Eev. George Richards was settled in Ports- mouth, from 1793 to 1809, the seeds of that faith were sown in this town, and when, later, Hosea Ballou was settled in the same place, his biographer says, " He did not hesitate sometimes to leave the dear people of his charge and journey to other places. He went into other parts of New Hampshire, and sometimes extended his visits in Massachusetts." Among the Universalist ministers who visited the town was Kev. Sebastian Streeter, and a society was formed as early as 1815, with Joseph Jones as clerk. The prominent citizens who embraced Universalisra were Benjamin Barnard, founder of the Barnard School, Col. Abel Brown, Nathan Brown, Richard AVhite, and Jacob Jewell. In 1828, at a meeting of the Rockingham Universalist Association, held at Kingston, Mrs. Rich- ard White was the only lady present. In 1830 the Universalist society at South Hampton was reported in a flourishing condition ; the old society had been reorganized, and Benjamin CliiFord was clerk. The Rockingham Association met in this town for the first time in 1832. Among the speakers present we ,can name Rev. Messrs. Farnsworth, Thomas King, Hosea Ballou, Thomas Whittemore, and Sebastian Streeter. The discourse of the latter was especially affecting, and as he spoke of those who had recently passed away, Benjamin Barnard, Eichai-d White, and Jacob Jewell, the audience was melted to tears. In 1838 the Rockingham Association again met in this town. Revs. Messrs. Sebastian Streeter, Daniel Smith, and Thomas Whittemore preached. Of this meeting Mr. Whittemore said, " We know that if we described this meeting as we viewed it and felt it, we should be regarded as too enthusiastic; nevertheless, we must say that taken altogether it was one of the most precious meetings we ever attended. The con- ference and praise meetings were peculiarly interest- ing ; all the addresses were marked by sound wisdom and deep evangelical feeling." In 1851, the Rock- ingham Association again met at South Hampton. Sermons were d-elivered by Rev. William Bell, Rev. S. S. Fletcher, Rev. N. Goldsmith, Rev. T. J. Green- wood, and Rev. L. B. Mason. Rev. Samuel Ladd, of the Baptist Church, was an attentive listener. In 1856 a new impetus was given to the Universalist society through the activities of the Ladies' Sewing Circle. Rev..A. J. Paterson and Rev. G. V. Maxham came to this town under the direction of the United States Convention, and regular meetings were established at the town-house. Messrs. B. F. Eaton and J. J. Woodman read sermons, with occasional preaching in the summer months by Rev. Messrs. Greenwood, Patterson, Spaulding, Chambre, and others. A Sun- day-school was organized with J. W. Eaton assuper- intendent, and a library of more than two hundred volumes secured. The summer of 1859 closed these lay services. The Rockingham Association met in this town in 1864. The preachers were Rev. Messrs. William Bell, S. S. Fletcher, A. St. John Chambre, and T. J. Borden. While at Portsmouth, Rev. Mr. Patterson was much interested in the people of this town. A large num- ber of the inhabitants still hold the doctrines of the Universalist Church. No services have been held here for several years except on funeral occasions. Since the removal of the pews from the town-house, the Baptist meeting-house has been freely offered to any who desired it for funeral services for the mem- bers of any religious denomination. There were quite a number of Methodists in the town between 1810 and 1835, and Rev. John Brodhead frequently preached here. He was stationed at dif- ferent times in nearly all the surrounding towns of the count}'. He was a very prominent man, chaplain to the Legislature, member of the State Senate, and for four years member of Congress. In whatever situation Mr. Brodhead was placed, he considered it his chief honor to be a faithful minister of Jesus Christ. He spent twenty-eight years of his ministerial life in this immediate vicinity, and died at Newmar- ket, April 7, 1838. He had a commanding personal i appearance and eyes beaming with intelligence and benevolence. Another prominent Methodist divine who preached in this town was Rev. Martin Ruter; he was stationed at Salisbury in 1815. He was born at Charlton, Worcester Co., Mass., and was thirty years old when he preached here. The degree of doctor of divinity was conferred upon him five years later. His preach- ing was adapted at once to please, to instruct, and to awaken . Rev. Elias Smith, a member of the Christian Church, and the father of Matthew Hale Smith, occasionally preached here. In 1867 the Young Men's Christian Association of Amesbury, Mass., by a delegation, the leaders of which were Mr. Thomas Quimby, Mr. Joseph 0. Hutchins, and Mr. Carpenter, established a lay meeting at the school-house in District No. 2. A Sabbath-school was organized and a very good Sabbath-school library se- cured. The meetings were well attended, and the Sabbath-school concerts attracted attention. These services continued about two years. In 1874, St. Paul's Church, Newburyport (Epis- copal), organized a mission meeting at the residence 52i HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of Mr. E. P. Downing, which was for a few months well sustained; Mr. 0. T. Bruce, a layman, and a select choir from that church assisting. Their meet- ifigs were held on Sabbath afternoons. Sabbath afternoon services are frequently held during the summer months at the school-house in District No. 3 by pastors of the churches at Ames- bury, Salisbury, and this town, and also by the resi- dent clergyman, Rev. S. S. White. The distribution of the parsonage money, which occurred in 1842, was a blow to all denominations except the Baptist. Our fathers set apart certain property for the maintenance of religious worship, and we cannot but regard the disposal of the property and the distribution of the proceeds among the in- habitants of the town was a great wrong. As we review the religious history of one hundred and forty years, can we discern any progress? Has light come to the people? There has at least one great problem been settled, — the question of religious toleration. The germ of all the trouble" in regard to religious liberty is found in that compact made in the "May- flowef" before the Pilgrim Fathers had stepped upon the rock in Plymoutli harbor. The question was raised, How shall the ministers of the new country be supported? It was ordered that houses be built for them at the public charge, and their salaries were es- tablished. Those people who had fled from persecution themselves did not fully comprehend the principles of religious liberty or possess its spirit. In this com- pact of the Pilgrims was the union of church and State, and immediately following this was a law for the suppression of anti-church and State sects, and banishment from the colony was the penalty for not sustaining this unjust law. People were compelled in those days to pay for churches they never entered, for teaching they never heard, and clerical services they did not desire. The Quaker, the Baptist, the Methodist, and the Univer- salist was taxed for the support of a religion he did not believe. Barstow, in his " History of New Hampshire," says, "That all ministers not of the standing order were viewed as thieves and robbers, as wolves in sheep's clothing, who had gained a dishonest entrance into the fold, and whom it was the duty of the stand- ing order to drive out." Persecutions were frequent, and the parish collect- ors might be often seen taking from the home of poverty the chairs, tables, and andirons, or selling at auction the corn of some poor laborer. Humorous incidents were sometimes connected with these trials. In one case the plaintiff had secured the services of Mr. Smith and Jeremiah Mason, and the defense John Sullivan and Ichabod Bartlett, as counsel. Mason contended that the defendant, whose defense was that he was a Baptist, could not avoid the payment of his tax, because "he could not prove that he had ever been dipped;" thereupon Bartlett retorted, "Neither is he a Congregationalist, for he has not proved that he has ever been sprinkled." The law of 1791 recognized only one religious sect, and the agitation for its repeal shook New Hampshire from seaboard to mountain. When the toleration bill was pending, in 1819, Mr. Hubbard said, "Pass this bill, and the temples now consecrated to the worship of the Saviour of the world will soon be deserted and forsaken." Ichabod Bartlett, a young and talented lawyer of Portsmouth, espoused the cause of toleration, and finally the bill became a law, and all religious de- nominations in the State were possessed of equal rights and privileges. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. JOHN C. EVANS. John C. Evans, son of Miles and Sally (Chase) Evans, was born in Seabrook, N. H., Nov. 27, 1829. His grandfather, Lemuel Evans, was a native of Rye, Rockingham Co., N. H., and settled in Strafford County when a young man, married a. Miss Willie, and had thirteen children, of whom Miles was one. He was an early settler in Strafford County, where he followed the occupation of a farmer until' his death, which occurred at the advanced age of ninety-eight years. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and a minister of the gospel. His wife survived him many years, and lived to be ninety-seven years of age. Here we have a striking example of what a close at- tention to the laws of health will accomplish. This veteran couple reared a large and intelligent family, to habits of industry and sobriety, and attained the wonderful age as above shown. Having done their life's work well, they welcomed the voice of their Master which called them to a better country, and they "wrapped the drapery of their couch about them and lay down to pleasant dreams." Miles Evans, son of Lemuel, was born in Strafford, N. H., was twice married, first to Sally Chase, daugh- ter of Abram Chase, of Seabrook, and had six chil- dren, tliree of whom died young, and three— -Arthur L., John C, and Charles A.— grew to maturity. Mr. Evans left his native town and settled in Seabrook, where his children were born. His wife died Sept. 25, 1835, and he married for his second wife Susan Clifford, of Gilmanton, N. H. Miles Evans was a farmer in Seabrook and South Hampton. He was a Democrat in politics, and a member of the Free- Will Baptist Church. He died in South Hampton, Oct. 20, 1877. John C. Evans, the immediate subject of our notice, was reared on the farm, receiving such advantages for an education as the common schools afforded. At sixteen years of age he commenced building whale-boats, and followed JOHN G. EVANS. SOUTH NEWMARKET. 525 tliat business some three or four years, when he pui-- chased the farm in South Hampton, where he now resides, before he was twenty years of age. He now owns some two hundred acres, which is in a good' state of cultivation, and is justly considered one of the best, if not the best farmer in town. He also owns and runs a saw-mill, etc., and is quite exten- sively engaged in the lumber business. In politics he is a Democrat, and as such is one of the leading men of the town. He has held the various offices, such as selectman, etc., of his town ■with credit to himself and satisfaction to his con- stituents. In 1871-72 he was a member of the State Legi^^lature, serving on the Fisli Committee. In October, 1867, he married Jane >>'.. daughter of Newell and Judith (Bayley) Frost, of Seabrook, N. H. Their children arc Sally G., Gideon W., John N., and Harry W., all of whom were born on the farm in South Hampton, X. H. CHAP-TER LXXVIII. SOUTH NEAVMARKET.i Settlement— Indhm Wars. South Newmaeket is pleasantly situated on the west bank of the Squamscot River. It is thirty-six miles southeast from Concord, the capital of the State, twelve miles southwest from Portsmouth, its princi- pal seaport, and four miles north froin Exeter, the half-shire town of Rockingham County. It is bounded north by Newmarket ; east by Strathara ; south by Exeter; and west by Epping. Area, about 6000 acres; improved lands, 3330 acres; population in 1850, 516 ; in 1860, 786 ; in 1870, 808 ; in 1880, 829. South Newmarket constituted a part of Exeter till Dec. 15, 1727, and of Newmarket till June 27, 1849. Newmarket was early called Lamprey River Village. Perhaps there is a question respecting the origin of the name. It was early written " Lamprey Eel." '' Mr. J. L. Beckett writes it " Lamprae," from John Lamprae, a Catholic hermit, who built his hut on the banks of the river. South Newmarket was called Newfields, because of the beautiful lands which border on the Squamscot River. Kev. William Hubbard is regarded as the authority for the settlement of Edward and William Hilton at Dover Point in 1628. Edward Hilton was the first planter of Newfields. The date of its settlement is unknown. There is a tradition that it was prior to the coming of John Wheelwright and his associates to Exeter, in the spring of 1638. AVheelwright's celebrated Indian deed of May 17, 1629, to which Edward Hilton was a witness, evidently covers its 1 By r.iv. James II. Tilts. • = Oil Williiim Wuocl's niar of Xcw England, in 1034, it is pnt down " Laiijpereele." territory. Until the locality of Hilton's grant, March 12, 1630, is more definitely settled, perhaps we may suppose that Hilton himself interpreted the grant as including his settlement at Newfields. In 1633 the authorities at Portsmouth aiid Dover agreed that the settlement at Squamscot Fallsshould be called Exeter. As early as " the 4th day iu the first week in the 10th month," 1639, Hilton had built his house at Newfields. At that_time tlie boundaries of his uplands were fixed and his meadows specified by " certaiue Orders made at the Courte holden in Exeter." The civil and religious character of the community depends largely upon its founders. While the Hilton brothers were enterprising planters, they also were lovers of good men. William Hilton was of Episco- pal sentiments. Edward Hilton was a Puritafl. The Congregational form of worship and the first meeting- house in New Hampshire were set up at his seat at Dover Point in 1633-34. He was the personal friend and confidential correspondent of Governor John Win- throp in 1683 and 1638. During the early political and religious disorders at Dover he contended effi- ciently for good government and religious order. His neighbors of Massachusetts Bay thought him the man most entitled to confidence in the New Hampshire Colony. When New Hampshire, in 1641, entered the New England Confederation, he was the fifst named in the list of magistrates. He wao nuide deputy for Dover in 1644, and assistant for Exeter in 1652. The Hilton family was helpful in the affairs of the First Parish of Exeter. Edward Hilton, iu 1645 and 1646, endeavored to purchase Mr. Wheelwright's house and land as a parsonage for Mr. Nathaniel Norcrosse. Edward Hilton, Jr., in 1652, was one of the overseers to build the second meeting-Iiouse in Exeter. The younger Hilton, however, was so much in sympathy with imperialism and prelacy as in 1666, with others, to petition that they might be " governed by the laws of England, and enjoy both of the sacra- ments of which they have been too long deprived." But the action of the General Court, M.ay 19, 1669, releasing the elder Hilton from the imposition of county rates, must be interpreted as bearing witness to its respect for his continued fidelity to Puritan ideas of civil and religious polity. But Edward Hilton, Sr., had now become an old man. The Newfields patriarch died in the beginning of the year 1671. He had lived iu the colony nearly half a century. It is supposed that he was buried in his own grounds on the sunset bank of the beauti- ful Squamscot. Here, in this field of neglected graves, the first planter of New Hampshire, the first founder of Dover, the early resident of Exeter, and the first settler of Newfields, with many of his de- scendants of seven generations, slumber together. Indian Wars.— The aborigines were essentia^y of one nation with one language, though divided into numerous tribes and different dialects. The New- fields planters found only the feeblest remnant of the 526 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Squamscot tribe with Wahangnonawit, their chief, in possession of the soil, and they never claimed a foot of land on any other score except that of fiiir pur- chase. The Squainscots were subject to Passacona- way, the sagacious and friendly sachem of the Pena- cooks. They migrated from this vicinity about 1672, and settled on the Hudson near Troy. King Philip's war in 167o was the first serious trouble New Hamp- shire had with the Indians. Hostilities began at the east between the Kennebec and Penobscot Rivers. The victorious squads approached the Piscataqua, marking their track with conflagration and blood, and filling the community with alarm and distress. In September, 1675, they did some mischief at Lam- prey River. On their way to Exeter one person was killed', another made prisoner, and other outrages were committed. Upon the ascension of William Prince of Orange to the British throne, Feb. 16, 1689, war with France ensued. Eight persons were slain, and a lad captured at Lamprey River July 4, 1690. The next day, July 5, 1690, the Indians attacked Hilton's garrison at Newfields. Lieut. Bancroft endeavoring to relieve the garrison, eight or nine of his men were killed. Simon Stone, one of his men, received nine wounds with shot and two strokes of a hatchet. When his friends cfame to bury him they perceived that life was not extinct, and upon tlie application of cordials he revived. In the course of one week not less than forty people were killed between Lamprey River and Amesbury. Two men were killed at Exeter in the summer of 1691. The frontier garrisons were rein- forced April 24, 1693, two additional soldiers being stationed at Edward Hilton's, and two at Lubberland. This latter garrison was resolutely and successfully defended in the attack on Oyster River, July 17, 1694. In the month of July, 10'.)5, the Indians killed two men at Exeter. One person was slain at Lubberland Aug. 27, 1696. June 10, 1697, the inhabitants in this vicinity were remarkably preserved. The deep laid plot of the French and Indians involved a general massacre of the town of Exeter. The enemy hid in ambush waiting a favorable time for their attack. Some women and children went into the field without a guard to gather strawberries. Some men coming in from work fired a gun to cause the women to return to the garrison. The alarm reached not only the strawberry party, but spread quickly through the community, bringing the people together in arms. The Indians supposed themselves discovered and beat a hasty retreat, killing one individual, wounding another, and capturing a child. The Piscataqua plantations felt the whole strength and fury of the French and Indians in Queen Anne's war, 1703-13. "yjTinthrop Hilton was the eldest son of the second Edward Hilton, and became the personal friend and firm supporter of his uncle. Governor Joseph Dud- ley. After the death of Col. Richard Waldron, June 27, 1689, Hilton became the principal military chief- tain in New Hampshire. As early as March 4, 1702, he kept out a scout of two men between Exeter and Lamprey River. He offered his service to the Pro- vincial Council to go eastward against the enemy, Jan. 27, 1704. Governor Dudley requested him to raise volunteers March 12, 1704.' The Council instructed him in the matter March 27, 1704. Though the ex- pedition accomplished but little, the Council call it "an honorable service." Edward Taylor was killed, and his wife Rebecca and a son were captured near Lamprey River April 26, 1704. The captives were taken to Canada, whence Mrs. Taylor was afterwards redeemed, having endured severe hardship. Maj. Hilton joined the expedition of Col. Benjamin Church in May, 1704, and was gone all summer, marching as far as the Penobscot. Jan. 8, 1705, Governor Dudley wrote Lt.Col. Hil- ton to get ready to march against the Indian head- quarters.' Hilton led his command of two hundred and seventy men, including twenty friendly Indians, to Norridgewock on snow-shoes. They found no enemy, but burnt the deserted wigwams and chapel. In September, 1705, Hilton was obliged to reduce his scout of twenty men, marching every ten days, to ten effective men, because of the failure of the towns to comply with the requirement of the law. This gave offense to the Governor, who tutored the colonel severely for it.' 1 " Koi- lier Miijeslj's service. "To Major IIiltox, Exkteb. " Sin,— I intend with tlio blessing of Gud to raise a very considerable force to range tlie Kastcrii sliore to destroy tlie enemy, and wuiild be ready to march by tlie last of this instant. If yon please to take to your assi-tance Gilinau and Coffin, my veiy good olflcers, and raise me. a inimber of Tolnnteeia to be ready against the time, they shall have all cnconragcment in the M-rvice—annnnuition given them and slooiis to convey them, and the premium for the enemy destroyed— that the Assembly of tliis Province have or shall give Ihem. I desire yon to proceed with all vigor in the alTair, and let.me hear fioni you by every post. " I a^, Sir, '* Your aflfectionate Uncle, "J. DtJBLET. " UoSTOX, 12 March, 1703-4." - " BoSTox, 8 Jan. 1704-5. "Sir,— I am not willing to pass the winter Hithout a nnirch to tlie Indian Uead Qnarteis. I have 200 men with you alreadv. I will take care for one hundred more from hence, and I would Iwve yon r.iise me one company of volunteer, of sixty, and see if we cannot get Xorigwalk Confer with 3I,,jor Walton about it, and put forward ami see after your snowshoes according to law ; and I will see you a fortnight hence, God please. Write to me on tliis head. " I am sir, your Affectionate Kinsman, "J. Dudley. "Lt.-Col. Hilton." 3 " Boston, 24th Sept. 1705. " Sir,— I am surprised that any body should divert you from my hist order about a scout of twenty men. Ui»n your representation I could have .-ibated the number, or time, or distance of marching; but I mi;st have no body else do It. " I pray yon to di«w your men yourself, ifyour ofBcers do not do it to satisfaction, as in your power, wherein 3Iajor Worell will assist you, aud let me bear from you as often as you may. " Keep close to my orders, and- they wHl keep j-on. " I am, Cir, your humble servant, "J. Dudley." SOUTH NEWMARKET. 527 July of the following year, 1706, was a stirring month at Newfields. Hilton was so brave and active an officer that the Indians marked him for destruc- tion. For this purpose a party of twenty " French Mohawlss" lurked about his house, watching all who went in and out. On the morning of July 1, as they lay in ambush, they saw ten men with scythes leave the house, go into the field, and put aside their arms to mow. Stealthily they crept between tlic mowers and their guns, intercepting their return to the gar- rison, and suddenly rushed on the men. Joseph Hall and one other only of the whole number escaped harm. Eichard Mattoon and his son, Hubertas Mattoon, Robert Barber, and Samuel Pease were killed. John Taylor was sorely wounded, but re- covered. Edward Hall, Samuel Mighels, and a mu- latto were captured. After a time Hall and Mighels made their escape. But the fatigue, privation, and terror of recapture which they underwent are almost incredible. For three weeks together they had noth- ing to subsist on except lily roots and the rind of trees. The Council now ordered that ammunition, pork, and biscuit be forwarded from Portsmouth and Hampton to Lieut.-Col. Hilton's, who in July led a company of sixty-four men as far as Kingston and Amesbury without meeting the enemy. Governor Dudley made known to Lieut.-C'ol. Hilton, Dec. 9, 1706, his further designs against Norridge- wock.i Her Majesty's Council, Dec. 23, 1706, sent Hilton to Boston to consult his Excellency in the affair. The expedition consisted of two hundred and twenty men with ninety Massachusetts troops, and the chief command fell upon Hilton. About twenty Indians were slain, — a successful campaign, consider- ing the difficulty of finding their haunts. Tradition relates that a squaw, who, with her pappoose was cap- tured at this time, became an innmte of Hilton's family, and lived with them till her death. The Governor commissioned Hilton as colonel for the expedition to Port Eoyal, April 23, 1707.^ Ar- 1" Boston, December 0th, ITnc. '* Dear Sir, — T luive deterniined to visit Noridgwock the 10th of Jiin- Tiary next, and accordingly am raising in tliis province two linndred men to be comninnded Ipy Col. Martcli, if liis healtli will permit, «lioni alone I have acriiciinted betides yonrsolf of my intention, theiefure de- sire it to be seciet, and must expect foi ly men of yonr Province, whicli I would liave volunteers, otherwise they mnst be drawn men, to be com- manded by Borne very good officei-, and if Col. Malttli fail me, I must expect yonr scnicG to command the wliole party. The men must bo well fixed, clothed, and shod with snow-shoes in good order. Commu- nicate this order to tlic Gentlemen of her Majesty's Council as soon as may be. Attend then yourself to concert the Oialt'-r, that they may pro- vide vituals and blankets if need be. Our last departure will be from Casco Bay. Desire the Gentlemen of the Council to keep it secret, lest the noise of it get in t)ie woods. " I am y affectionate uncle, " J. DUDLIiY. " To the Hox. LiKUT.-CoL. Hilton." 2 " Joseph Dudt.ey Esq' Cnpfnin Gcnei'al and Governour in Chief In 4 over Her Ma'J" Province of the Massacluiselts Buy & New Ilampshiie in New England in Ameiica, To Wi-NTHnnp Hilton Esc]', Greeting. ■ By virtue of the power & Autlioiity iu and by her Ma. Winthrop Hilton, Esq., WlioDi-imrtfcl this Lifo Juno 'IM, A. D. 1710, In ye UO^'' ye;ir of his Age." But our community had no rest. In 1711, besides exerting themselves to the utmost in the common cause abroad, they were obliged at home to keep a scout of forty men continually on the march. In 1712 new dep- redations were committed. April 16th, Mr. Cunning- ham was killed as he traveled the road from Mr. Hilton's to Exeter. On May 6th additional soldiers were stationed at Richard Hilton's garrison. The killed and captured in old Exeter during the war numbered between thirty and forty individuals. When a treaty was ma'de with the chiefs at Ports- mouth, July 11, 1713, our people most joyfully left their garrisoned houses and betook themselves to the peaceful pursuits of industry in their own dwellings and fields. Ten years later and Lovewell's war (1722-25) brought nameless terror to our people. In 1719 Jeremiah Folsom built his two-story brick garrison- house on the hill between Newfield and Lamprey River, where it stood till 1874, more than a century and a half In 1722 the enemy appeared at Lamprey River. Again, Aug. 23, 1723, eighteen Indians attacked the garrisoned house of Aaron Rawlins. Mr. Rawlins was shot through the walls of the house he was de- fending and afterwards scalped, while the head of his eldest daughter, twelve years of age, was cut off". Mrs. Rawlins was the daughter of Edward Tayloi-, who was kille^l, and of his wife Rebecca, who was captured from the same farm, April 26, 1704. She was made prisoner while attempting to escape from the house with a son and daughter who followed her. The mother was redeemed in a few years. The son was adopted by the Indians, and lived with them all his days. The daughter married a Frenchman, and when nearly sixty years old visited with her husband her native place, hoping to recover the patrimony which she supposed was left at the death of her father. In September, 1724, Peter Colcord with others was seized and carried to Canada. ■ He soon returned, bringing important information respecting the In- dian settlements and proceedings. In November he went on an expedition against the Indians, and the Provincial Assembly made him a present of ten pounds for his patriotism. In 1725 hostilities ceased, peace was ratified the following year, and proclaimed in town by beat of drum. The colonists enjoyed unusual tranquillity for twenty years. In the war of Oeorge II., 1744-49, Indians SOUTH NEWMARKET. 529 prowled continually through the Piscataqua, Merri- mac, and Connecticut Valleys. But new settlements had sprung up. Souhegan, Amoskeag, Suncook, Ccin- toocook, Pemaquid now constituted the frontier. New- fields and Lamprey River soldiers enlisted in defense of other distressed communities. They were found in the command of Capt. John Gage, June and July, 1744, " to guard the mast-men ;" of Capt. Benjamin Mathes, Jan. 11, 1745, " to scout up the western branches of the Piscataqua ;" of Sergt. Joseph Raw- lins, June 3, 1746, "' men and horses impressed and sent to Canterbury to carry provisions for thirty men a mouth ;" of Capt. Daniel Ladd, June 1 to Oct. 30, 1746, whose timely arrival, August 10th, reinforced and saved Rumford; of Col. Samuel Moores, 1744- 46, against Louisburg, where William Hilton died ; of Col. Theodore Atkinson, July 1, 1746, for the re- duction of Canada; of Capt. Joseph Thomas, Sept. 29 to Oct. 13, 1747, "twenty-eight men, scouting from Durham to Chester, Epping, and Nottingham." The story of Mrs. Fanny Shute falls into the narra- tive somewhere about this time. She was much es- teemed, not only for her excellent qualities, but for her youthful adventures. When eighteen months old she was carried by the Indians to Canada and sold to the French. She was educated in a nunnery, and after remaining thirteen years in captivity was re- deemed and restored to her friends. " In Memory of Mrs. Frances Shute, consort of Mr. John Shute, died Sept. 7, 1819, aged seventy-seven." — Tombstone. What is known as the last French and Indian war, 1754-60, again threw the colonies into anxiety and distress. Robert Barber, who had lately removed to Salisbury, was captured by the St. Francis Indians, August, 1753, and afterwards redeemed. Other stories of Indian depredations still are told at our firesides which are doubtless true, but they do not have the requisite name, place, and date to secure narrative here. Newmarket had officers and men in the various campaigns against the French Forts Du Quesne, Ni- agara, and Crown Point in 1755, under Col. Joseph Blanchard, where they won distinction by a well- directed and prolonged attack; in 1756 and 1757, under Col. Nathaniel Meserve, in expeditions against Crown Point; in 1757, under Maj. Thomas Tash, posted at Number Four; in 1758, under Col. John Hart, in another expedition against Crown Point; in 1760, under Col. John Goflf, in the invasion of Canada. Hostilities ended with the fall of Montreal in 1760. Great and universal joy spread through the colonies. From this time may be dated the flourishing con- dition of New Hampshire. Population and cultiva- tion progressed with unprecedented rapidity. CHAPTER LXXIX. SOUTH :^EWMARKET.—(Cuiituuied.) Incorpot-ntion — Roatis and Stages — Ship-building and Cummerce — Man- uriRturing. Capt. Edward Hall was, after the death of Col. Winthrop Hilton, the principal man of affairs atNew- fields. He headed a petition to the Legislature pray- ing that a parish be set off by meets and bounds from the north part of Exeter, and that the inhabitants be excused paying to the ministry of the old parish. The petition was granted Dec. 15, 1727, and the new parish was called Newmarket. About ten years after, Sept. 2, 1737, the parish was granted town privileges. When incorporated is not definitely stated. South Newmarket was afterwards detached from Newmarket by act of the Legislature, June 27, 1849. Capt. Edward Hall wasdeacon of the church, justice of the peace, representative for Exeter in 17-36, and for Newmarket in 1739, lot-layer, and surveyor of high- ways and of the boundaries of towns. Arthur Slade, Walter Bryant, and James Hersey, Esqs., were the king's surveyors. The eastern boundary of New Hampshire was a subject»of hot dispute from 1737 to 1766. Walter Bryant, Esq., was ordered by Governor Jonathan Belcher to run the line between the province of New Hampshire and that part of Massachusetts Bay called the county of York. About half a century later, Oct. 9, 1790, Esquire Bryant was living to cor- respond with Rev. Dr. Belknap respecting this matter. He set out from Newmarket with eight men to assist him on Friday, jMarcli 13, 1741. He proceeded by way of Cocheco, with snow-shoes and logging-sleds, throiigh Upper Rochester, up Salmon Falls River to the head of Nechawannock River. Here, on Thurs- day, March 19th, he set his compass north two degrees west, making an allowance often degrees for its east- erly variation. At the end of every mile he marked a tree, where the place would admit of it. Thus he traced the line for about thirty miles. He was pre- vented from proceeding farther, partly by the melting of the snow and breaking up of the ice, and partly by meeting unfriendly Indians and the backwardness of his men to proceed. On Friday, March 27th, he turned back, and he reached Newmarket Wednesday, April Isc. His return to the Council was made May 22d, and his account of £116 14.s. was allowed Feb. 12, 1742. Eoads and Stages. — The Newmarket settlers had such easy communication with other towns up and down the Squamscot and Lamprey by their boats that they were slow in adopting other methods of convey- ance. The roads to neighboring towns were only narrow bridle-paths through the forests. There were no carriages, but considerable distances were traveled on foot and on horseback. They forded the Squam- scot previous to 1700. That ye.ir Richard Hilton 34 530 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. established a ferry at Newfields. There was no bridge across the river till the time of the EevolutioD. The road to Piscassie is described in 1731 as "al- ready a pretty good cartway, commonly called Halls- way, four or five miles from the landing-place at [South] New Market towards Nottingham." In 1733 a highway was laid out along this cart-path, and extended to Nottingham. The Hall's Mill road was laid out in 1763. In 1768 a road was laid out from the bridge at Lamprey Eiver to Durham. When Governor Jonathan Belcher, of Boston, con- templated a visit to New Hampshire he wrote Rich- ard Waldron, Sept. 19, 1734: "I am told there is between Haverhill and Exeter 10 miles of very bad Eoad and that Gov" Shute or Burnet could not pass that way with wheels, and the Cavalcade will not look so well with the Gov' o' Horseback." Three- fourths of a century later came the era of turnpikes and stages. The incorporated turnpike, though a great convenience, was never a very popular institu- tion. It was looked upon as a sort of monopoly, and the toll was evaded with no compunctions of con- science. Two lines of stages passed through here daily from Dover to Boston, one line going by way of Haverhill and the other through X^vburyport. They passed about nine o'clock a.m., changed horses at the tavern of John Emery, of Exeter, and dined at Haverhill and at Newburyport. Horses were changed again between these places and Boston, which they reached between four and five o'clock p.m. They returned through here about five P.M. The fare to Boston was two dollars and fifty cents, except when competition sometimes reduced it to fifty cents. Each driver was furnished with a tin horn, which hung by the side of his seat, with which he announced his coming ht the entrance to the village. The blowing of the horn was always a signal for the gathering of the village quidnuncs, who were interested in the arrival of trav- elers and the mails. This was before the era of rail- roads. The opening of the Boston and Maine Rail- road in 1S40 cut off the drivers as fast as the rails v.ere laid from place to place. These genial knights of the whip are now all gone. Ship-building and Commerce.— New Hampshire, with only eighteen miles of sea-coast, and but one commodious harbor, yet bears for its seal a ship on the stocks. And previous to 17S4,when the Constitu- tion and seal were adopted, ship-building was a prom- inent branch of business on the Piscataqua and its tributaries. It is not ascertained when this business first began. Robert Xoulton was appointed commis- sioner of the navy at Portsmouth, April 5, 16.51. He had come to America at the head of six ship-carpen- ters io 1629. At first only vessels of small size were con- structed, such as sloops, pinnaces, ketches, shallops, barks, and skifis. Sometimes these were framed and set up in the woods where the timber grew. Then they were taken down and hauled to some suitable ' landing on the river, completed and launched. Nav- igators two and a half centuries ago traversed the seas in the merest cockle-shells. Could they now revisit the main they would be amazed at the size, comfort, and sailing qualities of our present ocean steamers. In 1666 a seventy -ton vessel was designed for Euro- pean voyages. The largest ship launched on this side of the Atlantic prior to 172-3 was one of seven hun- dred tons burden at New London, Conn. The early settlers on the Piscataqua availed them- selves of the facilities ofiered by the natural advan- tages of the place to engage in ship-building. The " Falkland," of fifty-four guns, in 1690, was the first war I ship launched on this side of the Atlantic. Richard I Earl of Bellamont, Governor of New Hampshire in j 169S, credits the State with " eleven ships of good bnr- ' then, five brigantines, four ketches, and four sloops." i It is believed that previous to the Revolution more 1 national vessels of war had been built at Portsmouth than at any other seaport on this continent. I To what extent ship-building was carried on in Newmarket down to the Revolution it is impos-sible to tell. No record of the business is known to exist. The owners and' tonnage of the craft built are not fully ascertained. The Lamprey River meets the tide- water over falls of more than twenty feet. At high tide vessels of one hundred and twenty tons freight now land, bringing coal, salt, and other heavy articles. Seven vessels, some of them of large size for the times, have been seen on the stocks together in process of building. A score of all kinds have been built here in a single year. The Squamscot is navigable at high tide for vessels of over two hundred tons burden. Heavy frei"-hts of iron, coal, and moulding-sand still sail up the river. In times pa.st ship-building flourished on its banks. At Exeter twenty-two vessels, large and small, have been seen on the stocks in a single year. At Newfields the people were busily engaged in lumbering and ship- ping. Her landing was occupied by ship-yards. The bn^v hum of the .-hipwright's hammer and awl was heard from morning till night. Su pressing was this work that in the busy season he was exempted from military training. Masting required a large number of men and oxen to move the massive king's pines. One of them is said to have been eight feet in diame- ter at the butt end and one hundred and ten feet long, requiring seventy yoke of oxen to draw it to the river's side. From the landing these masts were floated to Portsmouth and shipped abroad. In 1746 objection was urged against a bridge over the Squamscot at Newfields, on the ground that it would obstruct ves- sels, masts, and raits passing along the river. The Squamscot abounded in fish, which furnished subsistence for the inhabitants and also an important article of commerce. In 166.5 exports to France bpain, and the Straits consisted offish, lumber, pitch tar, and turpentine, for which were brought back salt preserved fruits, tea, and coffee. Shipments toYir-inia SOUTH NEWMAEKET. 531 embraced pork, beef, and peltry, and returns were received of rice, sugar, and tobacco. Great quantities of deal boards, masts, pipe-staves, and shooks were sent to Barbadoes audthe West Indies, for which were returned logwood, sperm oil, molasses, and spirits. Before the Revolution this foreign trade with the West Indies was very profitable. So great were the gains that vessels of all sizes and description were pressed into the service. Vessels of fifteen tons burden and upwards were used. During the Revolution New Hampshire fitted out several private armed vessels. The privateer " Gen- eral Sullivan" was overhauled and refitted at New- fields' Landing in 1778.^ After the Revolution, ship- building on the Squamscot again became profitable. Commerce, however, never reached its former extent.^ The ship-building and commercial interests of New- market were seriously injured by the war of 1812. Her population was nearly two hundred more in 1TG7 than in 1820. The decrease was owing to the decline in ship-building. Very little had ever been done by the general government for defense of our harbors. The embargo well-nigh annihilated all our commerce. After the spring of 1813, our sea coast, thousands of miles in extent, was blockaded by a British squadron. A few enterprising captains ran the blockade, and privateers were fitted out which were successful in escaping English cruisers. But the relief was only partial. Three years of blockade destroyed ship- 1 This brigantine vas built at Portsmouth, and liad made a cruise previous to 1778. At a meeting of lier i>ropiietois at Portsmouth, April 9, 1778, " Voted Tliis proprietary pay Cap' [Eliplialet] Ladd twelve hun- dred and fifty pounds lawfi money, for which the said Ladd agrees to take the brig' ' Gen^ Sullivan' from Portsmouth to Exeter, and lengthen her fur two more guns on a side, in a proper manner, and return her hero again as soon as may be, the proprietary to pay the iron bill, joiners' bill, oaknm, pitch, and turpentine." A fortnight later, April "2:?, 1778, '■ Voted, To stop Cap' Ladd's proceeding any further with the * General Sullivan,' and agree with Mess" Hackett, Hill & Paul for the lengthen^ the said vessel, and pay Cap' Ladd the charges he has been at. Accord- ingly have agreed with Mess" Ilackett, Hill, & Paul to take said vessel at Newmarket, where she now lies, and lengthen lier for two more guns on a side, caulk, iron and fix her for a ship, complete in a proper manner, lengthen her forecastle agreeable to Cap' Dulling's instructions, and do- liverber at Portsmouth by the first of June next ; for which the propile- tors agree to pay the said Hackett, Hill & Paul fifteen hundred pounds law' money in cash, and give them one barrel of New England rum; proprietors to find iron-work, pitch, turpentine, and oakum." Tlie " Gen- eral Sullivan" made several cruise-, ami captured some valuable prizes. Among these were the "Caledonia," the "Mary," and the "Charlotte." It is understood that the career of the "Genera! Sullivan" was termi- nated in the year 1780, by her being captured by two British ships of vastly superior force, after a spirited resistance. Maj. Nathaniel J\lc- Clintock was in command of her marines, and was killed in the engage- ment by a ball through the head. 2 Wii-shinglon, in his diary, Nov. 4, 1789, says, " Before 10 I reached Exeter 14 miles distance. This is considered as the second town in New Hampshire and stands at the head of tide water of the Piscafaiua Itiver, but ships of 3 or 400 tons have been built at it." Timothy Bwight, D.D., writes, Oct. 4, 1790, " The highest rise of the tide is about eleven feet. The river is therefore navigable to the falls for vessels of five hundred tons. The trade of Exeter is much smaller than it was formeily, five or six vessels only being employed by the in- habitants in foreign commerce. Ship-building was heretofore a consid- erable and profitable business in this town. A few vessels, however, are built annually." building on the Squamscot. Neither has it been re- sumed on the Piscataqua, except at the government navy yard at its mouth. Among the last to engage in ship-building at New- fields were Zechariah Beals, Dudley Watson, Samuel Tarlton, and George Hilton. The last vessel built here was the "Nile," in 1827. She was of about three hundred tons burden, and built for parties in Salem, Mass. Joseph C'oe was the contractor and Nathaniel Garland did tlie blacksmith work. Up to that time we were a ship-building town. The launch- ing of a ship was an event of great interest, to be prop- erly celebrated. Men, women, and children living in the vicinity all attended. They expected an ample supply of good cheer. Bountiful provision must be made, codfish and crackers, cider and rum for the men, egg-nog and metheglin for the women. Our later coasting trade was principally with Boston. Household goods, clothing, military equip- ments, and, implements of husbandry were imported, and returns made in lumber, dry hides, and buck- skins. Capt. Joseph Fiirnald ran a packet from Ex- eter to Portsmouth, by which our traders received all their heavy articles of trade. Our merchants went by stage td Boston one day, spent three or four days pur- chasing goods, and returned on the fifth or sixth day. The goods were shipped to Portsmouth by the regu- lar coaster. Here they were transferred to Capt. Fur- nald's packet and brought up the river, generally ar- riving about two weeks after being purchased. This was before the era of railroads. Manufacturing. — Mechanics and artisans are im- portant personages in every community. Shoemakers, carpenters, masons, and blacksmiths are indispensable in a new settlement. The wives and daughters of the Newfields patriarchs manufactured the garments which clothed themselves and their husbands and brothers. The flax was pulled, rotted, broken, swin- gled, hetchelled, spun, woven, and bleached by hand. The wool was carded, spun, woven, and fulled by hand, and it was colored in the old butternut, logwood, or indigo dye-tub. Persons in comfortable circumstances used wooden table-ware, and drank their daily bever- ages out of glazed earthen mugs, one mug going in course the rounds of the table. In times of the scar- city of currency, old iron and old pewter had value as articles of barter and merchandise. Taxes might be paid in tar at twenty shillings the barrel. New Hampshire at the present time ranks high as a manufacturing State, and is especially noted lor its textile industries. Only three States in the Union out-rival it in the value of cotton goods produced, while its woolen, leather, and iron products are very large. The Merrimac is said to be the busiest stream in the world. The Piscataqua with its tributaries is also greatly utilitarian. Newmarket has always been a busy town. Mechanical labor in its various depart- ments is extensively pursued. No towns of its size produce more valuable manufactured goods. While 532 HISTORY or EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the Squamscot offers no mill privilege, the Lamprey and the Piscassic afford numerous fine mill sites. Other smaller streams in their day have furnished motive-power for many wheels. The first settlers on the Piscataqua were compelled to secure most of their bread from England and Vir- ginia. There were saw-mills at Cocheco in 1631, but there was no grain-mill in New England previous to 1633. A corn-mill is mentioned at Cocheco in 1640. The earliest mention of a mill of any kind in New- fields is in 1653. That year a grant of land some two miles square was made to Edward Hilton, "in regard to his charges in setting up a saw-mill." This mill . is probably mentioned again in 1758. It stood on the stream south of the Hilton estate and west of the Exeter road. Iron works were set up at Lamprey village in the year 1719. To encourage this enterprise the General Court appropriated a slip of land two miles in breadth above the head line of Dover, for the purpose of sup- plying fuel and of introducing foreign artists and experienced workmen. There was "ye first Dam," and therefore a second dam, and '' ye old Dam," and so a new dam across Lamprey Eiver in 1723. We read in the Portsmouth Mercury Nov. 1, 1785, "The fulling and grist mill belonging to the Hon. Major General Sullivan have been carried from their situa- tion at Packer's Falls." The NewmaH-et Maniifacturing Company was incor- porated in 1822, and the corner-stone of cotton-mill No. 1 was laid the next year. Hall's nut and bolt works are situated at the lower falls of the Piscassic. Haines' cotton batting-mill is located about two miles above on the same stream. Neal's mills, still farther up the Piscassic, and about one mile from Newfields, consist of a saw-mill, grain-mill, planer and matcher. Iron works were commenced at Newfields in 1830. The first blast was blown on Christmas day. The South Newmarket Iron Foundry was incorporated in 1834. The officers were Amos Paul, president; George O. Hilton, treasurer; Amos Paul, John B. Eider, and Joseph Skinner, directors. Ill 1846 the Swamaeot Machine Company was incor- porated, and Amos Paul chosen agent. This com- pany purchased the iron foundry and united both branches of the business. They employ about two hundred and seventy-five hands, and the monthly pay-roll is eleven thousand dollars. The engine-shop of George E. Fifield does a fine business. They build a special form of engine and boiler adapted for the Southern lumber trade. Theodore Moses learned his trade of hatter with Nathaniel Lord, of Newfields. He soon moved to Exeter, where he entered into trade as a wool manu- facturer. The business, much enlarged by his son and grandson, has become a source of wealth to the family. Ira Choate carried on the manufacture of machinery of various kinds at South Newmarket until 1865, when he removed to Exeter, and in 1867 sold out to Exeter Foundry and Machine Company. Charles Lane ran a bark-mill, and carried on the busi- ness of tanning leather for many years. Still earlier Col. John Rogers and Capt. Joseph Furnold, New- fields men, carried on the business of tanning near the residence of the latter, in Exter, where they erected a tide-mill for the grinding of bark. Col. Rogers afterwards manufactured " patent leather" on the Hampton road. John Hennard was the New- fields clock-maker, and previous to the Revolution, William Carlo was her silversmith. CHAPTER LXXX. SOUTH NEWMARKET.— (C<-n(»ii(ed.) MILITAKY IIISTORr. The Revolution— War of 1812— War of the Kelellion. It has been said that if every other record of the civil struggle from 1760 to 1775 should perish, the true character and full history of the Revolution could be written from the records of the New Eng- land town-meetings. The resolutions adopted and the instructions given to representatives in conven- tion, Legislature, and Congress are the wonder and admiration of students of political philosophy every- where. The town of Newmarket' is exceedingly un- fortunate in the loss of all its records prior to the year 1784. We were a free people, loving and prizing our liberties. We did not wish independence of the Eng- lish crown ; we were impelled to it by necessity, not by choice. As soon as Great Britain had conquered Canada and made peace with France, the king and Parliament turned against the American colonies. Such conduct was high treason and rebellion against British freedom. In an evil hour the mother-country set her eyes upon the colonies for imperial taxation. We denied the riglit. When the Stamp Act was passed we resisted, peacefully but pertinaciously, and the act was repealed. The tea tax followed. It was opposed by solemn leagues and covenants, and its demands were annulled. The Boston Port Bill, cruel and tyrannical, exasperated to the last point of en- durance a brave and generous people. The regula- tion acts of 1774 were revohitionary and suggestive of " a general disarming of the colonists." The town of Newmarket was not indifferent to the momentous agitation that preceded the Revolution. A large number, if not a majority, of our leading men were stanch loyalists, and friends, if not members, of the Church of England, brave men, but more loyal to the king than to their country. During three gener- ations of bloody Indian warfare our soldiers fought for British supremacy no less than for personal safety. The selectmen of Newmarket, Samuel Gilman, James Cram, and Samuel Pickering, returned, July 12, 1776, to the New Hampshire Committee of Safety SOUTH NEWMARKET. 533 the celebrated Association Test. It contained tlie names of one hundred and sixty-four persons, who " hereby solemnly engage and promise that we will, to the utmost in our Power, at the Risque of our Lives and Fortunes, with Arms oppose the Hostile Proceedings of the British Fleets and Armies against the United American Colonies." It also contained the names of thirty-eight individuals who " Refuse to sign the within Declaration." We read, among others, the names Badger, Oilman, Lord, Marsters, Mighels, Odiome, Parsons, Pease, Pickering, Shute, Rogers. Some were Quakers, who had scruples against bear- ing arms. Some were sick and infirm, who thought it bombast to pledge themselves as able-bodied men "to resist with arms." Some there always are in every community who never put their name to paper. But more were Tories, who had always been loyal to the church and government of Great Britain. Re- spectable family ties allied some to British officers. Governor Beuning Wentworth had married, in 1760, Martha Hilton, of Newmarket. During the Revolu- tion she was living with her second husband, Col. Michael Wentworth, a retired British officer. The home of Lady Wentworth, of Wentworth Hall, New- castle, was a noted resort of royalists. The Confis- cation Act of 1778, extending to John Wentworth and seventy-six others in New Hampshire, included James and John McMasters, and George Ball and Jacob Brown, traders of Newmarket. The early years of the war were noted for the large number of arrests of persons charged with Toryism ; but it was seldom that they were kept long in durance. After the detention of a few days or weeks they were generally dismissed on giving bonds to return when called for, or upon taking oath not to bear arms against the country or to aid and comfort the enemy. The Bogerses were Conformists. In December, 1775, Nathaniel Rogers, Esq., was granted leave to go about his business fifteen days, and Jan. 3, 1776, his disability was wholly removed. Capt. William Torrey was put under arrest for Tory proclivities in 1775 ; he had leave to go about his business fifteen days in December, 1776, and his disability was wholly re- moved on Jan. 3, 1776, but in 1777 he was committed to jail. Capt. Peter Pease was put under guard as a Tory February, 1777, and petitioned for release May 19, 1777. Dr. John Marsters would not sign the As- sociation Test in 1776, and was placed under arrest in 1777, from which he humbly prayed the Committee of Safety to be released. The number and social position of these "gentle- men Tories" suggest one of the great trials that beset the patriot cause. Secret enemies, opponents at home, were like thorns in the side or serpents in the bosom. It cost a severe struggle to overcome these patrician sentiments. It was not all done at once. It was achieved only through provocations long endured. But nothing was suffered ultimately to mar the pa- triotic enthusiasm. At length royalist and rebel re- joiced together in the emancipation of their country from a foreign sceptre. Newmarket contributed her full quota of men and money for the war. When the first mutterings of the storm were heard, she sided generally, not unani- mously, with the colonists. About the middle of December, 1774, Paul Revere rode express from Bos- ton to Portsmouth, bringing word that royal troops had been ordered to the harbor to secure Fort William and Mary. The regulars were already out, and some- thing must be done. On the night of December 14th honest yeomanry along the branches of the Piscataqua visited the fort. They imprisoned Capt. John Coch- ran and his garrison of five men, broke open the magazine, and seized one hundi'cd barrels of powder and sixty stand of arms, and took from the ramparts sixteen pieces of cannon. The powder was distrib- uted among the up-river towns. A jJortion was stored under the pulpit of the meeting-house in Durham, some was brought to Newmarket, and some carried to Exeter. This bold expedition of the Piscataqua patriots was the first overt act of resistance to British encroachment. It was the prelude to the Revolution. The patriots were none too early. A day or two after two English ships of war arrived in the harbor and dismantled the fort. Maj. John Demeritt afterwards hauled an ox-load of the powder seized to Medford, where it was dealt out to our troops and used at the battle of Bunker Hill. The battle of Lexington, on the 19th of April, 1775, aroused our people to a more vivid sense of their danger. Couriers bringing the startling news reached Newmarket about daybreak, April 20th. At once the drum beat to arms. In less than three hours minute-men were on the march for Boston. Tradi- tion includes among those first to enlist the names of Colcord, Folsom, Hilton, and Pike. At Exeter they joined other volunteers under Capt. John Taylor Oilman. That night they reached, by way of Haver- hill, Bragg's tavern, in Andover. On the night of the 21st they reached Cambridge, and were assigned quarters in the college buildings. Detachments to and from the Continental army frequently passed through Newmarket. By the 3d of May, 1775, all the men being gone from the southward and westward of this place, , the Durham company paused at Exeter, and the Pro- vincial Congress resolved that thej' should return home and keep themselves in readiness to respond when called. The Newmarket soldiers were " minute-men" who started at the alarm from post-rider and beat of drum. They left shop, field, or home at once, in shirt, and frock, and apron, with cold victuals from the cupboard, and a few Yankee notions in sack or pillow-case, and the old ducking-gun, fowling-piece, or shaky king's arm that had seen service against game in the woods or Indian skulking in the thicket. The convention at Exeter, May 17, 1775, organized 534 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. this ununiformed, undisciplined, yet enthusiastic yeo- manry into a brigade of three regiments. Nathaniel Folsom was appointed major-general; the colonels •vvere John Stark, Enoch Poor, and James Reid. The regiments of Stark and Reid had their headquarters at Medford, while Poor's regiment remained on duty at home. Israel Gilman, of Newmarket, was lieuten- ant-colonel of Reid's regiment, and led many of his townsmen in the glories of the battle on Breed's Hill. The preceding day, June 16th, he wrote home to the Committee of Safety, describing the position and plans of the opposing armies. On the memorable 17th of June the New Hampshire troops fought with their accustomed bravery and force. Their position was behind the rail fence between the redoubt and Mystic River. The old Indian hunters and rangers of the woods were " dead shots." Thrice they hurled back and nearly annihilated the gaudy British grena- diers sent against them. They maintained their ground during the entire action, and were the last to leave the field, retiring with the order of veteran troops. After the battle of Bunker Hill Col. Poor's regiment was ordered to the seat of war. But New Hampshire had her own harbor and frontier to defend, as well r.s to furnish men for the Continental army. Some sol- diers were employed in building fire-rafts on the Squamscot, others in guarding the sea-coast or scout- ing with boats up and down the Piscataqua. Thirty- four Newmarket men under Col. Joseph Smith were thus employed. We have their " Acco't of Labor on Fire Rafts built at Newington Oct. 22, 1775." We have also the pay-roll of twenty-five others, "Men and Oxen Percuring Pich wood & other Combusta- bles for Fire Rafts." The next month, Nov. 5, 1775, a Newmarket com- pany of forty men, rank and file, James Hill, captain, Samuel Baker, first lieutenant, Samuel Gilman, sec- ond lieutenant, Zebulon Barber, ensign, under Col. Joshua "Wingate, of Stratham, joined the forces in the harbor, and were stationed on Pierce's Island. Those who remained at home, as well as those who went into actual service, were called upon for military duty. British fleets were expected at our landing. If a strange vessel appeared in the harbor below, the alarm quickly spread far into the country. Many times the minute-men were called out on the appear- ance of an armed force or the rumor of one. In fact, however, the invader's foot never touched New Hamp- shire's soil. An express arrived, Dec. 1, 1775, from Brig. -Gen. John Sullivan, who was in command at Winter Hill, stating that the Connecticut regiments refused to tarry longer, and requesting urgently that troops might be sent from New Hampshire to fill their place. These detachments were called "six weeks' men." A Newmarket company under Samuel Baker, captain, Zebulon Barber, first lieutenant, John Allen, second lieutenant, responded to the call. They re- mained with Gen. Sullivan till the British evacuated Boston, when they were discharged. But space does not allow us to narrate the whole history of Newmarket in the noble struggle of the Revolution. The town was represented by true and determined men on nearly every battle-field of the war. The Committee of Safety compliment our se- lectmen, July 12, 1776, upon " the truly forward and patriotic disposition often shown by the inhabitants of Newmarket in the common cause.'' The following is a partial list of the men who bore military commissions and served in the Revolution : Colonels, Jeremiah Folsom, John Folsom, Thomas Tash ; Lieutenant-Colonels, Israel Gilman, Winthrop Hilton; Adjutants, Joseph Smith, Walter Bryant; Captains, Samuel Baker, James Hill, Samuel Gilman, Zebulon Gilman, Edward Hilton, Robert Barber, Samuel Shackford, Asa Folsom, Levi Folsom, Peter Drowne, Robert Pike, Jonathan Leavitt ; Lieuten- ants, Nathaniel Gilman, John Colcord, Bradstreet Doe, Andrew Gilman, David Gilman, John Burleigh, Joseph Hilton, Robert Clark, Zebulon Barber. War of 1812-15. — With the opening of the nine- teenth century the business interests of Newmarket had revived and she recovered her former prosperity. But Napoleon I. was disturbing the peace of Europe, and war-clouds soon appeared between England and America. Bonaparte promulgated the Milan Decree Dec. 17, 1806. It declared every vessel denational- ized and subject to seizure which had submitted to be searched by a British cruiser or had traded at an English port. This was the prelude to the war of 1812. As early as 1806 the depredations of British cruisers on American commerce commenced. In 1807 Congress prohibited the sailing of vessels from Amer- ican ports, and the year 1808 became the era of the general embargo. Non-intercourse with Great Britain and France was established March 1, 1809. So effectual was the blockade that it was about impossible for ves- sels to leave or enter our ports. Now and then a pri- vateer would slip by or through the blockading squad- rons. The embargo acts of Congress were severely denounced and resisted in almost all of New England. At length long-continued aggressions, without apol- ogy or redress, led the American government to pre- pare for another conflict with Great Britain; Con- gress declared war on the 18th of June, 1812. Soon after Governor William Plumer called the at- tention of the general government to the defenseless condition of our seaboard and the public works in Piscataqua Harbor, and ordered a portion of the militia into service. The Fourth Regiment of New Hampshire militia in 1812 was commanded by Lieut.- Col. Winthrop Hilton, and the First Battalion was under Maj. Joseph Pease, both of Newmarket. A company was drafted for thirty days, and placed under Capt. Joseph Towle, of Epping. It entered the service July 3d, and was discharged Aug. 81, 1812, and contained several Newmarket non-commissioned SOUTH NEWMARKET. 535 officers and men. A second company under the same command from September 1 to Nov. 30, 1812, included nearly the same individuals. Varied success attended the American forces on land, sea, and lake. The army in some cases per- formed prodigies of valor. The fleet immortalized itself upon the ocean. But when peace was con- cluded between France and the allied European powers at Fontainebleau, April 4, 1814, it relieved the larger part of the British army for active service in America. England's forces were turned now more efiectively against the United States. They captured Washington, Aug. 23, 1814, burning the capitol, Presi- dent's house, and executive offices, — public buildings which were the ornament and pride of the nation. Meantime a British squadron was committing depre- dations upon the Atlantic coast and spreading alarm far into the interior. An all-pervading apprehension that Portsmouth would be attacked led to renewed calls for the mustering of the militia. On the 20th of May, 1814, Governor Oilman issued orders for raising eight companies to march in five days for the defense of Portsmouth. The Newmarket company of fifty-three officers and men under Capt. Peter Hersey responded to the call. It was mustered May 24th, and discharged July 6, 1814. Other soldiers in Capt. Wil- liam Marshall's company were credited to New- market. While the Newmarket soldiers were quar- tered at Portsmouth expresses came riding into town on the night of June 21st with the alarming intelli- gence that the British were landing at Rye, and about to march upon the town. Alarm-bells were rung, drums beat, and signal-guns fired. The militia turned out and hastily prepared for defense. The report was unfounded, but the alarm spread into the interior and was not allayed for some days. On the 7th of September, 1814, Governor Oilman again called for soldiers to defend Portsmouth. The call was obeyed with the greatest alacrity. Newmarket is credited with nine commissioned officers and men in Capt. Jacob Dearborn's company, enlisted Septem- ber 26th for sixty days. Maj. Nathaniel Lias, of Newmarket, commanded a battalion of detatohed militia, enlisted September 9th, and discharged Sept. 27, 1814. It included a Newmarket company of forty- one officers and men under Capt. Peter Hersey, also fifty-one officers and men under Capt. John Colcord. Thus by October, 1814, about three thousand drafted soldiers were at Portsmouth, and Governor Oilman had his headquarters among them. We have it on British authority that the English made every preparation to destroy the navy-yard and the town of Portsmouth. But the defenses were so formidably manned that the intended attack was accounted too hazardous. The danger to Portsmouth and its harbor soon passed awaj'. By October, 1814, the major partof our forces were discharged. A treaty of peace was signed at Ghent Dec. 14, 1814. It was ratified by the Senate February 18th, and signed by the president Feb. 23, 1815. Nowhere were the people more grateful for the return of peace than on the Piscataqua and its branches. It is related as a singular fact that not a man of New Hampshire was killed in this war. War of the Rebellion. — The patriotism of South Newmarket was again manifested in the late struggle to perpetuate the Federal union. Immediately on the news of the firing on Sumter the spirit of 1776 fired the hearts of her citizens. She furnished her full quota of soldiers for the struggle. Many of our noblest young men oflered their services. Enlist- ments proceeded with enthusiasm. Companies were raised and equipped first for three months, then for three years or during the war. We cannot mention here all the noble hearts which beat for the honor of our flag and volunteered for its defense. The history of the gallant Second and Eleventh New Hampshire Regiments would tell the story of many South New- market soldier-boys. This town gave some of her most promising young men as a sacrifice to sustain the government in the hour of peril. The blood of her heroes enriched the soil from the heights of Arlington to the remote southern boundary. CHAPTER LXXXI. SOUTH NEWMARKET.— (CoiKmiMc/.) ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. Congregatioual CliurcU — The flletliodist Churcli— The Univerfialist Church — Roman Catliolic Church. The Rev. John Moody, A.M., belonged to a family that well may be called remarkable. He was born at Byfield Parish, Newbury, Mass., Jan. 10, 1705. He was the son of John Moody, the grandson of Samuel and Mary (Cutting) Moody, and the great- grandson of William and Sarah Moody. These pa- triarchs of the family had emigrated from Wales, England, to Ipswich, Mass., in 1633, and to Newbury with its first settlers in 1635. From the sturdy New- bury blacksmith, there has descended a long line of distinguished ministers. The first pastor of Newmarket was graduated at Harvard College in 1727, his name standing the fourteenth in a class of thirty-six. He also received the honorary degree of Master of Arts from Harvard. Having studied theology, he was invited to settle at Biddeford, Me., in 1728, but modestly declined the invitation that he might have further time for study. He was ordained at Newmarket, Nov. 25, 1730. Mr. Moody preached the sermon at the ordination of Robert Cutter, a graduate of Harvard, 1741, the first minister of Epping, Dec. 9, 1747. Text, Ephe- sians Iv. 11, 12. The phrase so common in the old town charters, "a learned orthodox ministry," is a very e.Kpressive one. Mr. Moody was a patron of sound learning, and evinced a marked interest in 53i3 IIISTOllY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. general and higl^er education. He was an original member of the New Hampshire Ecclesiastical Con- vention, and bore an active part in establishing a collegiate institution in New Hampshire previous to the granting of the charter for Dartmouth College. The Newmarket parsonage of those days dispensed its simple and generous hospitality to all ministerial travelers. The Eev. Timothy Walker, of Pennacook, in his visits on horseback to Portsmouth, the State capital, often dined or spent the night with his old college companion at Newmarket. Mr. Moody mar- ried, April 5, 1730, Ann, daughter of Deacon Edward and Mary (Wilson) Hall, of Newmarket. This pas- tor's v/ife was a descendant of Thomas Dudley, the second Governor of Massachusetts, and also of John Winthrop, the first Governor of New Hampshire. She died July 14, 1771, seven years before the de- cease of her husband. Their daughter Mary, and, as far as appears, their only child, was born March 4, 1732 ; married, Nov. 9, 1756, Winthrop, son of Col. Joseph Smith, and died Feb. 13, 1815. Mr. Moody continued in the pastoral office in New- market till his death, Oct. 15, 1778, at the age of seventy-three years. His only settlement in the min- istry covered a period of half a century lacking two years. To his manly integrity and intelligent piety Newmarket owes much of her social, civil, educa- tional, and religious character. The second minister of Newmarket was the Eev. Nathaniel Ewer. His ministry overlapped that of Mr. Moody about five years, and he is generally thought to have been a colleague with his predecessor. He was born April 17, 1726, son of Nathaniel and Mary (Stuart) Ewer, of Barnstable,. Mass. He mar- ried, before leaving Barnstable, Drusilla C(jvill, b'y whom he had a large family of children. Mr. Ewer was not a graduate of college. He was a member of the Congregational Church, but became a follower of Whitefield and a New Light preacher. He preached at Durham about one year, and commenced preach- ing at Newmarket Plains in 1773. He joined the Presbytery over which Eev. John Murray, the friend of Whitefield, presided. May 31, 1774. The " East and West Societies" in Newmarket united June 29, 1789, and Mr. Ewer was accepted as minister for the whole town. In 1792 the old meeting-house which stood near the burying-ground had become dilapidated, and a stately new edifice was built near the present railroad junction. Mr. Ewer continued in the pastor- ate here nearly a quarter of a century, and was dis- missed by vote of the parish July 10, 1797. He still resided in town, and showed himself interested in its welfare. He died in April, 1806, aged eighty years. He was slightly affected with paralysis some years before his death. His wife died in 1810, aged eighty- three. They were buried at the Plains, close by the west meeting-house he had so long occupied. It is sad that this resting-place of the fathers should remain so neglected. The Kev. Samuel Tomb was the colleague of Mr. Ewer in the pastorate. He was born at Wallhill, N. Y., Jan. 1, 1767. He studied at Columbia Col- lege without graduation, and with Rev. Dr. Mason. The church at Newmarket extended to him a call July 28th, and he was ordained Oct. 22, 1794. But the connection of the two pastors was not a harmo- nious and cordial relation. A mutual council, April 27, 1797, failed to reconcile the parties, and Mr. Tomb was dismissed by vote of the parish, July 10, 1797. He was afterwards installed over the Second Church in Newbury, Mass., Nov. 28, 1798, where he remained about ten years. He removed to his native place, where his stormy but efficient ministry closed. He died March 28, 1832, aged sixty-five years. Among his printed discourses was an oration on the death of Washington, pronounced Feb. 22, 1800, and a sermon which he delivered at the annual fast, April 7, 1803. The Eev. James Thurston was born at Exeter, N. H., March 17, 1769, the son of Capt. James and Mary (Jones) Thurston. He entered the first class at Phillips' Academy, but did not pursue a collegiate course. He taught school a year or two, and entered business in Exeter and in Boston. After some years, by the advice of friends, he entered the ministry. He preached at Raymond 1798-99, and was ordained at Newmarket, Oct. 15, 1800. Parsonage land and buildings for the use of Mr. Thurston and successors in office were deeded to the parish. May 30, 1803. During the summers of 1805, 1806, and 1807, he was in the employ of the Piscataqua Missionary Society to the northern parts of New England and Canada. He was dismissed Jan. 6, 1808. After leaving Newmarket, Mr. Thurston was in- stalled at Manchester, Mass., April 19, 1809. Here he continued in the pastorate more than ten years, and was dismissed, June, 1819. From Manchester he returned to Exeter, his native place, where he died, Dec. 12, 1835, in the sixty-seventh year of his age. His wife, whom he married Oct. 9, 1791, was Eliza- beth, daughter of Dr. Thomas and Elizabeth (Shaw) Peabody. She survived him about ten years, and died Oct. 15, 1845, aged seventy-one. Mr. Thurston possessed a truly Christian spirit, thoroughly devoted to his calling and giving to it his undivided powers. His efforts were blessed and his ministry was a successful one. The Eev. John Brodhead was born in Smithfield, Northumberland Co., Pa., Oct. 5, 1770. He entered the itinerant service of the Methodist Church in 1794. In 1796 he came to New England. As early as 1809 he settled at Newmarket, and in 1810 moved into the parsonage, receiving the use of it as a portion of his salary. He entered political life as State sen- ator in 1817. From 1829 to 1832 he was representa- tive to Congress under Jackson's administration. During the latter years of his life his work in the ministry was very irregular. He died of a disease of SOUTH NEWMARKET. 37 the heart, from which he had suflFered many years. His end was peaceful, even triumphant. His monu- ment is inscribed : " In memory of tlie Rev. John BroJheart, born in Lower Smithflold, Pennsylvania, 1770. Died in lliis place, April 7, 1838, oged 07 years, having been an Itinerant Minister in the Methodist Church 45 years, Senator and chaplain to the Legislature of this State, and a member of the Congress of tlie United States. " He was beloved as a hnsband and father, honored as a citizen, es- teemed as a statesman, and vonenitcd as a minister, "Peace to tlie jnst man's memory, letit grow greener with years and blossom through the fliglit of years." AVith the close of the first century in the religious history of Newmarket, there came a change in the administration of ecclesiastical affairs. New busi- ness interests sprung up at the villages of Newfields and Lamprey River, and it was found impossible to gather the people for worship at the old centre near the railroad Junction. Both villages had occasional preaching services by various denominations from 1810 onward. As early as 1825 regular congrega- tional services were held at Lamprey River, and in 182G assistance was asked in erecting a house of wor- ship. The church was organized there May 27, 1828. Newfields contributed means and members to this enterprise. Meanwhile the Lamprey River pastors, from 1827 onward, maintained a third service on the Sabbath, or a weekly lecture at Newfields. The Rev. David Sanford, from May 22, 1828, to June 22, 1830, abounded in labors of this kind here. During the spring of 1829 the Piscataqua Association appointed several of the neighboring pastors to preach at New- fields. The old parish was reorganized Jan. 16, 1829, and took the form of an incorporated religious society, and annually raised money for the salaries of their ministers. Among these were the Revs. Bezaleel Smith, 1828-29; William M. Cornell, M.D., LL.D., 1829-30; Orsamus Tinker, 1831-32 ; Samuel Harris, 1833; Barton, 1834; Constantine Blodgett, D.D., 1835-36 ; Charles D. Jackson, 1836 ; William F. Row- land, 1836-37; Thomas T. Richmond, 1839. These ministers preached in the old meeting-house and old academy. In 1839 a new house of worship was erected at Newfields, and the old house was practi- cally abandoned. The church was reorganized Feb. 12, 1840. The ministers were John E. Farwell, 1840 ; John Le Bos- quet, 1840; John L. Ashby, 1840-41; Henry Kings- ley, 1841 ; John C. Hard, 1841 ; Elijah W. Tucker, pastor, 1841-45 ; Preston Pond, 1845-46. The old meeting-house, which had stood sixty years and of late used only as a town-house, was taken down in 1852. Charles E. Lord became stated supply in 1851-52 ; Winthrop Fifield, acting pastor, 1852 till his death, May 9, 1862. In 1853-55 the parsonage property was transferred to Newfields, and the present buildings erected. Jesse H. Bragg, minister, 1862 ; Ellas Chap- man, stated supply, 1862-67 ; Israel T. Otis, 1868 ; Joseph Bartlett, acting pastor, 1869-77. The meet- ing-house was enlarged and refurnished in 1871. Alexander C. Childs, acting pastor, 1877-79 ; James H. Fitts, 1880. The vestries were refitted 1880, and the parsonage enlarged 1882. The Methodist Church.— The year 1808 is proba- bly the date of the formation of a Methodist class in Newmarket. In 1811 there is mention of the New- market, Durham, and Portsmouth Circuit. In 1828, Matthew Newhall was sent by Conference to Durham and Newmarket. It is probable that this is the real date of the full organization of the Methodist Epis- copal Church in Newmarket. There is nothing in its records, however, concerning its organization at any time. The meeting-house was erected in 1835, and dedicated in the spring of 1836. The earliest register of church members now to be found was made iu 1842. It contains the names of the class of 1808. The parsonage was built in 1854-55. In 1870 the church edifice was raised an 1 vestries placed under- neath. The house was again reseated in 1880. The following is a roll of the preachers, beginning with the year 1828 : 1828, Matthew Newhall ; 1829, Caleb Lamb ; 1830, Daniel J. Robinson; 1831-32, Elijah Mason; 1833, Samuel A. Gushing ; 1834, William J. Kidder; 1835, J. H. Patterson ; 1836, John Brodhead ; 1837, William Padraun; 1838, G. W. Stearns; 1839, William Pad- mun ; 1840, " Reformation'' John Adams ; 1841, A. H. Worthen ; 1842, Franklin Furber; 1843, G. W. T. Rogers ; 1844-45, H. N. Taplin ; 1846-47, C. N. Smith ; 1848-49, Frederick A. Hewes; 1850, Charles Green> wood; 1851, William Hewes ; 1852, Samuel Beedle; 1853, Matthew Newhall ; 1854-56, N. L. Chase ; 1857 -58, William Hewes; 1859-60, F. R. Stratton ; 1861- 62, John W. Adams ; 1863-65, Eleazer Smith ; 1866- 67, AV. P. Ray ; 1868, George N. Bryant ; 1869, David W. Downs; 1870, M. T. Cilley ; 1871, A. A. Cleave- land ; 1872-73, H. A. Mattessou ; 1874-76, C. H. Chase ; 1877-78, C. S. Baketel ; 1879, L. C. Earuham ; 1880-81, Otis Cole ; 1882, Mellen Howard. The Universalist Church. — The Universalist meeting-house in this town was built in 1873, and dedicated in December of the same year. Rev. G. W. Becknell, of Portland, had been preaching in the town hall previous to that time, and it was at his suggestion and by his influence that the society was formed, Aug. 5, 1874. The church was also organized Aug. 5, 1874. Rev. L. F. McKinney was the first pastor, and resigned in June, 1875. Rev. E. A. Read was his successor, who resigned in April, 1877. Rev. Royal T. Sawyer was the next pastor to February, 1879. Rev. Benton Smith resigned iu November, 1881. Rev. A. L. Rice is the present pastor. The Catholic Church.— This society has held ser- vices in the town hall for several years. They are now erecting a beautiful house of worship, which will soon be ready for use. Rev. Father Powers is the minister. 533 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. AMOS PAUL. During the two and a half centuries of civilization which have passed over this town, by far the most important factor in its development has been the Swamscot Machine Company, and with this com- pany and its success is intimately connected Amos Paul. The history of one necessarily includes the other. Amos Paul, son of Nathaniel and Mary A. (Marsters) Paul, was born in Newmarket, N. H., April 29, ] 810. His father, a native of Eliot, or Kit- tery, Me., was a millwright, and settled in early man- hood in Newmarket, and ever resided there. Amos was his third son, and the early formative influences to which the boy was subjected were of the healthiest nature, for his was a home, although quite humble, in which honor and morality were exemplified and taught. He had the advantages of education afforded by the common schools of his native town, and by his father's death in 1827 he was early thrown upon his own resources. He was apprenticed to James Derby in Exeter, and thoroughly learned the machinist's trade. After serving his time he continued to work for Mr. Derby until April, 1832, when he came to South Newmarket to work in a small iron foundry, which was established a short time previously by Drake, Paul & Co. Mr. Paul worked as journeyman for two years when he, in company with George O. Hilton, John B. Bider, and Joseph G. Skinner, pur- chased the works and formed a corporation called the " Newmarket Iron Foundry," Amos Paul, president; George 0. Hilton, treasurer and manager ; Amos Paul, John B. Rider, Joseph G. Skinner, directors. Mr. Hilton continued as manager for about two years, when Mr. Paul was placed in charge, and from that time to the present that steady industry, that persistent energy, that far-reaching sagacity, prompt- ness of action, and integrity of purpose, which had already placed Mr. Paul in prominence as a business man of more than ordinary ability, has been at work promoting the interests of all by actively endeavoring to enlarge the boundaries of the business ; and he by his enterprise has given employment to many and placed the several branches of manufacture under his super- intendence high in the scale of prosperity. The New- market iron foundry manufactured castings for cotton and woolen-mills, and at one time did a large amount of business in making stoves. Their works were en- tirely destroyed by fire, and although tlie loss was great, new buildings were at once erected. In 1846 the Swamscot Machine Company was incorporated by Amos Paul, Walter E. Hawes, and Seneca C. Kennard. The foundry and machine company con- tinued separately in business for several years, with Jlr. Paul as agent for both. In 1865 the Swamscot Machine Company purchased the entire interest of the foundry, and united both branches of the busi- ness, and this union under Mr. Paul and his able as- sociates has been unusually prosperous. The com- pany employs an average of two hundred and sixty men, and has a monthly pay-roll of eleven thousand dollars, more than ten dollars per capita to every in- habitant of the town. It manufactures stationary and portable steam-engines, locomotive, marine, and tubular boilers, steam-boxes for print-works, plain and galvanized wrought-iron pipe, steam and gas- fittings of all kinds, together with several specialties on patents controlled by the company. The labor of Mr. Paul's life, thus largely expended, has resulted in building up a beautiful village, which will be a permanent monument to his business ability. The works of the company cover about ten acres on both sides of the Boston and Maine Railroad, and a frontage on the Swamscot River. The facilities for transportation are not probably equaled by any. other company, for the river is navigable, and advan- tage has been taken of this to have a wharf on the grounds, to which vessels bring much of the coal and iron used. There is owned by the company a quan- tity of land which awaits the development of the fu- ture before being occupied. The extensive operations of the company, of course, demand a Boston office and depository, which is at 98 Milk Street. Mr. Paul is of an active, nervous temperament, quick and positive in his thoughts and actions. He takes advanced and liberal grounds in all progressive movements, and is, in the highest sense, a type of the enterprising "self-made" man, and is the prominent man in his town. He was an early Abolitionist, saw the then obnoxious principles of that party become the popular belief, and the evils of slavery swept from the country by the fiery blast of war. He was a Re- publican Presidential elector in 1868, is a director of the Boston and Maine Railroad, and a liberal supporter of the Universalist Church. He married (1) Mary A., daughter of Moses Rand- lett, of Epping. Their children were Mary H. (de- ceased), Amos (deceased), and Charles R. ; (2) Har- riet A., daughter of Thomas Randlett, of Newbury- port, Mass. Their children are Isabella and Harriet A. PATRICK QUINN. Patrick Quinn, son of Patrick Quinn and Catharine Clark, his wife, was born Nov. 20, 1815, in Ballygar, County Galway, Ireland. His father was a black- smith, and the young Patrick wrought with him, and was early inured to labor. After attaining his ma- jority he decided to leave a country so overburdened by oppression, and seek a land of more liberty, and in accordance with that decision he sailed for America in April, and landed in New York June 4, 1837, and after one week's stay he, went to Providence, R. I. This year (1837) was the time of the great panic, when every business enterprise was prostrate, and thousands were out of employment. It was no wonder, then, ^y^^^OO^^'^ REV. SAMUEL NOERIS. SOUTH NEWMARKET. 539 that Mr. Quinii, a foreigner and stranger, young in years, also could obtain but four months' work during his first year's st.iy, and of this small labor he could collect pay but for one-half the time. These dark days passed away, however, and when in the spring of 1888 he engaged with Fairbanks, Clark & Co., at India Point, Providence, to learn boiler making, he felt that he would yet carve his way to success. With this firm he remained six years. He was then so- licited by Otis Tufts, of Boston, to be foreman in his boiler manufactory, employing one hundred and twenty-five men. Mr. Quinn accepted, and discharged the duties of that responsible position to his em- ployer's satisfaction for two years. In June, 1846, immediately after the organization of the Swamscot Machine Company, he removed to South Newmarket (then Newmarket), going thither to establish a boiler- making department in that company's works, and to superintend it. He continued in their employ till 1850, when, at the reorganization of the company, after the fire, he became a stockholder, and has con- tinued to act as foreman until the present time. He became a director of the company in 1878. Mr. Quinn is a thoroughly practical mechanic, a student of the laws and philosophical principles con- nected with mechanics, and by his inventive genius has given the company the benefit of several valuable patents granted him for useful inventions. Mr. Quinn married, April 19, 1841, Mary, daughter of William and Joanna (Cumberford) Roach. She was born in New Foundland in 1823. Their children are William J. (a lawyer in Lawrence, Mass.), Sarah E. (married Matthew Carney, senior partner of the prominent mercantile house, "Carney, Lynch & Co.," of Manchester, N. H.), Laura A., Martha E., and Charles E. Mr. Quinn stands high in the estimation of his business associa.tes and fellow-townsmen for his ster- ling worth, his reliability, and business qualifications ; and in fact his possession of the qualities necessary to the successful, popular business man of to-day. He has been honored by the confidence of the people of South Newmarket, has been justice fifteen years, selectman three years, and represented his town in the State Legislature of 1869. He stands to-day one of the solid financial men of his town, and his career shows what free America can do for an enterprising man of tact and brains, even though he be a foreigner. Mr. Quinn is an active and liberal member of the Ri5man Catholic Church. REV. SAMUEL NORRIS. Rev. Samuel Norris was born in Dorchester, N. H., March 8, 1801, and died in South Newmarket, N. H., June 2.3, 1880. He was reared by godly parents, and at sixteen years joined the Methedist Episcopal Church. So satisfactory were his experiences, and so ready his Christian utterances, that in the winter following he received a license to exhort, and the next spring (1818) a license to preach. In June, 1818, ten months from his conversion, when only seventeen years old, he began his long career as preacher by joining the New England Conference at its session at Hallowell, Me. He was ordained deacon by Bishop George in June, 1821, at Barre, Vt., and elder in 1823 at Providence, R. I. During his twenty-two years of effective min- istry he filled the following appointments: In 1818, Landaff, N. H. ; 1819, Stanstead, C. E. ; 1820, Roch- ester the first half, Landaff the second half; 1821, Craftsbury, Vt. ; 1822, D.anville, Vt. ; 1823, Barre, Vt. ; 1824, Maiden, Mass. (the latter part of 1824 he was called as a "supply"' to Boston) ; 1825-26, Weymouth, Mass. ; 1827-28, Newport, R. I. ; 1829-30, Rochester, N. H.; 1831-32, Salem, N. H. ; 1833, Gre.at Falls; 1834-35, Salisbury, Mass. ; 1836, Haverhill and Meth- uen Mission. After a short service in tlie latter field he removed to South Newmarket, N. H., to act as financial agent of the Methodist Seminary, then lo- cated there. Here he remained three years, going to Pembroke, N. H., in 1839. He was superannuated in 1840, and continued in this relation till death. He was elected delegate to the General Conference in 1832 and 1836, and for sixty-two years his name ap- peared in the minutes of the church. He was never idle, and during the forty years of his retirement he preached with great acceptability whenever opportvi- nity presented. As a man, Mr. Norr s was dignified, gentlemanly, and fearless, commanding the esteem of friends and respect of opponents. His Christian repu- tation was ever unsullied and unchallenged. Hating sin, he could brook no alliance or compromise with it. He early espoused the cause of the oppressed, and, in obedience to his convictions,while attending the Gen- eral Conference at Cincinnati, in 1836, he attended an anti-slavery meeting, for which he had the honor of a public censure at the bar of the Conference. He lived long enough, however, to rejoice in the downfall of slavery, and to receive the congratulations of his peers for the noble stand he had thus early taken. With a clear head, a warm and synfipathizing heart, he entered upon his life-work, and the church has never had cause for regretting her sending him forth as a herald of the cross. He began his work too young to have adequate preparation for it, but by diligent study, careful reading, and thoughtful application he became a well-informed and safe teacher, leading many to Christ. His love for the church of his choice was lifelong and ardent. As a preacher, he was clear, convincing, and prized. He miirried, Aug. 23, 1823, Elizabeth H., daughter of Rev. John Brodhead. This faithful and loving companion for nearly sixty years now resides in South Newmarket, eagerly waiting until the Master shall in his own good time call her to join the loved ones on the other shore. Their only child living beyond infancy was John Brodhead Norris, of whom we quote the following notice from the Phila- delphia Railway World of Feb, 23, 1878 : 5i0 IIISTOKY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW IIAMPSHIEE. " One of the most active, intelligent, and influential members of the New York Stock Exchange, and a man of great personal popularity, Mr. John B. Norris,. who died at his residence in Brooklyn last Saturday night, deserves something more than a passing notice, for men of this stamp, although known only to the business community, and fully appreciated only by their kindred and friends, are often more worthy of the notice of the living than those who have macje more noise in the world. As Mr. Norris has long been connected in various ways with the railway en- terprises of the country, it is fitting that the Railway World should give him a place in its columns. Mr. Norris was born in Newport, E. I., in 1828, and was the son of Rev. Samuel Norris, a Methodist min- ister, who married Miss Brodhead, both of whom are still living. He was, therefore, in the summer of life when called upon to leave it and those he loved so well. In 1853-55 he was a member of the Boston Stock Exchange, associated with Henry E. Bailey, as Bailey & Norris. In 1856 he located in New York, became a partner of J. Howard Wain- wright, and soon after a member of the New York Stock Exchange. In 1857 he was associated in the business of banking with O. D. Ashley until 1861, when he formed a connection with Alfred Lockwood. His last copartnership was with A. W. Greenleaf, under the iirm of Greenleaf, Norris & Co. The usual vicissitudes of business men were met by Mr. Norris during this experience of twenty-five years in Wall and State Streets, but upon the whole he was a suc- cessful man. It is not particularly to his business successes or reverses however that we care to allude, except to say that no man bears a more unsullied record in all the transactions of the Stock Exchange of New York and Boston. Scrupulously honorable, he gained a deservedly high reputation among busi- ness men, and there are but few who can claim so fair and bright a character. But the traits which will linger in the memory of his friends to the exclusion of allelse were those which a frank, manly, and gen- erous heart were constantly unfolding. His soul was saturated with generous impulses, and his friendship meant devotion and sacrifice. There was not a mean thread in the fabric of the man. He was full of earnest, hearty, and constant love. No man claimed by him as a friend can fail to recognize these points of his character. And, more than all this, Mr. Norris was not only a tender, loving husband and father, but his filial love was something remarkable. For thirty years his excellent and aged parents lived with him, their only son, and his devotion to them has been ex- tremely beautiful and touching. To the writer he has often expressed the most loving tenderness for his father and mother, and the sentiment of affection seemed as pure and unadulterated as it can be on earth. " During his life Mr. Norris had been connected with a number of the railway enterprises of the day, and at the time of his death was president of the Amer- ican District Telegraph Company of Brooklyn, and a director, we believe, in the Union National Bank of New York. To the New York Exchange Mr. Norris will be a severe loss. At one time its vice-president, he has of late been actively engaged in the duties of the law committee, and in that capacity has made Wall Street an uncomfortable place for rogues and sharpers. The world seldom loses a more useful or a better man, and the New York Stock Exchange must bid farevvell to one of its most valuable mem- bers." After the death of this beloved son Rev. Mr. Norris removed to South Newmarket, where, meeting the bereavements and thickly-crowding infirmities of life with Christian fortitude and resignation, never allow- ing them to palsy his faith or unnecessarily abridge his activities, he sank to rest in Jesus at seventy-nine years. JACOB HERSEY. Conspicuous among the families dating back to the pioneer settlements of this section of the State, and whose occupancy of the soil has been permanent unto the present day, is the Hersey family. The line of title of certain lands goes away back into the colonial days and the grants from the crown. How much of activity, of earnest labor, of romantic historj', of hardship and endurance in the generations dead and gone lies covered deep by the dust of oblivion ! The pen of the historian cannot trace their history, but their impress has been felt and their names pre- served, not only in the traditions of the " oldest in- habitants," but connected with landmarks and lo- calities in such a manner as to be as enduring as our civilization. Jacob Hersey, the venerable representative of this old-time family, whose portrait occupies another page of this history, was born Dec. 11, 1803, in the house where, in his old age, he is cheerfully passing through the twilight of life. His grandfather, Peter Hersey, received seventy-five acres of land from his grand- father after serving his time with him as a farmer. Both the grandfather, Peter, and his son, Peter, who married Mary Folsom, and had five children,— Mary, Jeremiah, Nancy, Peter, and Jacob, of whom we more particularly write,— were of the sturdy stock of New England farmers, and right well did they serve their day and generation, and with many lusty blows did they assist the onward march of civilization. Not men of talk were they, but prudent, silent men, although companionable enough, preferring, as does Jacob, to occupy their time in attending to the man- agement of their estates rather than assume the dig- nities and uncared-for responsibilities of official place. They were men of sterling native intellect, and much esteemed. The family had strong attachments, and Jacob, becoming a fanner, remained with his father until the death of the latter, in 1831. Then the two 'Byiq ''Mf ^ '-[. _ " iJcto £ //// •/■'/ v'Ay/- SOUTH NEWMARKET. 541 brothers, Peter and Jacob, were associated together in general farming and stock-raising. Working har- moniously together, they acquired a high reputation in this direction, and were very successful in busi- ness, increasing their flocks and purchasing land until they owned about three hundred and fifty acres. Peter died in 1871, and Jacob, on the old place, is to-day the largest land-owner, not only in South Newmarket, but a much larger area, and stands one of the first of the wealthy men of his town. He has never married, and has never accepted office, although often solicited so to do. Mr. Hersey has been a man of more than ordinary physical endurance and mental endowments. Keen to observe and quick to take ad- vantage of the steps to prosperity, he has been a warm friend, a clear-headed counselor, and a repre- sentative agriculturist, enjoying the confidence of a wide acquaintance. No family, perhaps, has done more for improve- ment of the town in its early days than the Hersey family, and it is sad to note that to-day Jacob is, at the advanced age of seventy-nine years, the sole rep- resentative of his line. He is, notwithstanding his age, a man of unusual intelligence and youthful ap- pearance, and bears the confinement to his house, enforced on him by rheumatism, with cheerfulness and good humor. A. II. VARNEY, M.D. Among the physicians who have merited and en- joyed the patronage of their respective communities in this county must be mentioned Albert H. Var- ney, M.D. Although not a native of the county nor of the State, his twenty-two years of active medical practice in South Newmarket entitle him to be justly considered a representative physician of Rockingham County. He was born in North Berwick, Me., March 27, 1836. His parents were descended on both sides from reputable English families, and were lifelong residents of Maine. Dr. Varney received an academic education at South Berwick, studied medicine with the skilled Dr. Moses Sweatt, of Parsonfield, Me., and was gradu- ated from the Medical Department of Harvard Uni- versity in 1857. His professional life commenced in Chicago, 111. In January, 1860, he came to New Hampshire, settling in South Newmarket. Here he has since resided, and by his skill and attention has established a high reputation and a successful prac- tice. Although largely occupied by professional duties, he has yet found time for extensive reading and active co-operation in all things tending to ad- vance the interests of his town. Broad and progress- ive in his views, he early espoused the cause of Ee- publicanism, and has earnestly labored to promote the principles of that political party. He has been chosen at various times to discharge the duties of impor- tant public trusts, which he has faithfully done. He has been justice of the peace for eighteen years, town clerk for twenty consecutive years, was superintend- ent of school committee seven years, and represented his town in the State Legislature of 1871. He was an industrious legislator, serving as chairman of the special committee on the bill to regulate the sale of medicines and poisons. He was commissioned, Oct. 2, 1867, assistant surgeon of the Second Eegiffient of New Hampshire militia, and served three years. From his character one would expect to find Dr. Varney in accord with the feeling of universal brother- hood, and we find him not only a member of the Society of Free and Accepted Masons, but also a member of Fraternity Lodge, No. 56, I. O. O. F., in which he has occupied the highest position. Public- spirited, energetic, and wide-awake, Dr. Varney is a good representative of his profession, and one of the active, successful men of South Newmarket. S. H. TARLTON. Samuel Hopkins Tarlton , son of Samuel and Jerusha (Hopkins) Tarlton, was born in what is now South Newmarket, N. H., Feb. 19, 1806. The Tarlton family is of English origin, embracing in that country many men in high position in old- time days. Elias Tarlton, great-grandfather of S. H., was the emigrant and settled in Rye. He reared three sons, — Stillman, William, and Joseph. Still- man became a ship-carpenter, and settled in South Newmarket, where he built a house for one of his sons, which has been kept in the family until recently. He had numerous children. Samuel (born Dec. 11, 1769) was the oldest son, and, like his father, was a ship- carpenter, following his trade in steady industry many years. He was a quiet, undemonstrative man, much esteemed. He married Jerusha Hopkins (born July 16, 1774); had children,— Stillman, born Sept. 29, 1794, married Martha Warner (deceased) ; Martha M., born April 18, 1796 (Mrs. Samuel Paul) ; Mercy H., Jan. 29, 1799 (Mrs. H. J. Jenness) ; Sarah, Sept. 4, 1802 (Mrs. David Manson) ; Samuel H., Mary A., Aug. 26, 1808 (Mrs. Dana Bullard) ; and John W., died in infancy. Mr. Tarlton died July 10, 1855, aged nearly eighty-six, surviving his wife only one year and six days. Samuel H. passed his early life at common school in his nativetown ; learned the machinist trade at Great Falls; worked as jour- neyman at Great Falls, Dover, Newmarket, and elsewhere until 1843, when he became a locomotive engineer on the Eastern Railroad, and after some years was made master-mechanic at Portland shops of Portsmouth and Saco Railroad. He afterwards helped construct the Concord Railroad from Portsmouth to Epping. His mechanical skill and ingenuity caused him then to be employed to take out engines from the manufactories to various places in the West, set- ting them up, and running them until they were ac- cepted. On the reorganization of the "Swamscot 5-12 HISTORY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Machine Company," after the fire, Mr. Tarlton be- came a stockholder, and has been a director of the company for about fifteen years. He married Mary J., daughter of Gee Piclsering, of Newington, in May, 1838. Their children now living are George, mar- ried Mary Webb, and resides with his father; and Sarah. In 1856, Mr. Tarlton purchased the home- SAMUEL H. TARLTON. stead of his wife's people in Newington, and where she was born. This place was held in the Pickering family from the time of the grant from the crown until bought by Mr. Tarlton. After eight years' resi- dence there he removed to his native place, and erected the building now his residence. No man in this section stands higher for sterling worth, strict integrity, and prudent conservatism than Mr. Tarlton, and by industry and economy he in his old age has the fruits thereof in the shape of a handsome competency. He represented South Newmarket in the State Leg- islature of 1853-54, and is a liberal supporter and member of the Universalist Society. CHAPTER LXXXII. STRATHAM.i The town of Stratham is located in the eastern part of the county, nd is bounded as follows : on the north by Great Bay and Greenland, on the east by Greenland and North Hampton, on the south by 1 By James W, Itolllns. North Hampton and Exeter, and on the west by Exeter and South Newmarket. The surface of Stratham is rolling, and the soil very fertile and productive. A petition signed by fifty inhabitants of Squam- scot patent to the Governor and Council, in which they set forth that they are in number upwards of sixty families, and live very remote from any public meeting-house for the worship of God, and meet with great difficulties to get to the nearest meeting-house in the winter-time (which is Exeter), that they have never been joined to any town, and that their children had no advantages for education, etc., was presented Dec. 3, 1709, praying that a charter for a town might be granted them with the following bounds: Beginning at a rock called Brandy Kock (so called to this day), near Sandy Point, and to run up the river to the mouth of a creek called Wheelwright's Creek, and to run at each end into the woods upon a southeast line three miles. The petitioners also rep- resented that they had the capacity and were willing and ready to maintain a minister and schoolmaster. It appears by the records that there was a remon- strance to this petition, signed by nineteen men living within the bounds of Squamscot, in which they de- sire that the petiticm will not be granted. As for the petitioners, they say, most of them are poor people, and several of them, according to the best of our knowledge, instead of defraying any town cliarge, are likely to be a town charge themselves. Signed your earnest desircrs. In one of our early record books I find the follow- ing in relation to the charter of the town : Ordered and appointed that Squamscot patent land be a township by the name of Stratham, and that there be a meeting-house built for the public worship of God with all convenient speed, and that it stand on the king's great road leading from Greenland to Exeter, within half a mile of the midway between the two southeast lines of said towns, and that a learned and orthodox minister be obtained to preach in the same by the 14th day of March next. Signed by George Vaughan, lieutenant-governor. March 20, 1716. At the annual town-meeting in 1734 it was voted that the Kev. Mr. Rust be considered for sickness in his family and the death of his wife by way of con- tribution. The following interesting old documents are not only of general interest, as illustrative of the early times, but also furnish us with a list of early inhabit- ants : Petition Jor a Township. To the Honourable the Lef Governour, Councill and Representatives conven'd in Generall Assembly : We the subscribers hereof inhabiting in and about Swamscott, not lying in any Township and living att a considerable Distance from the publique worship of STKATHAM. 5i3 God, not haveing the benefitt of instructing our youth, besides many other great inconveniences which we labour under, Being now by the Providence of God att peace in our severall Dwellings and being no less than thirty five familys all well disposed to maintaine the publique ministry and defraying of all other ne- cessary charges to the best of our abilities, and hope- ing that within a little time we shall increase to a far more considerable number. Doe most humbly pray that your Honours would please to settle and confirm us the severall Inhabitants extending from Wheel- wright's Creek downwards to Sandy Point as a distinct Township of ourselves, impowering all such officers among us as your Honours in your great wisdome and prudence shall judge most meet: We crave leave to subscribe your Honours most humble and most obe- dient servants. Andrew Wiggin, sen' Kichard Downes? Isaac Cole Thomas -1 Simon AViggin Jonathan Norris Andrew Wiggin, jun. Mark Stacey Thomas Vesy Eichard Mongen Sen. K. Bradstreet Wiggin mark AVilliam French James Kundlet Nathaniel Wright Charles Rundlet Jonathan Wiggin Sam' Leavett, sen Thomas Read Sam' Leavitt, jun Tho. Wiggin Ed" Gramon X mark William Moores Sen' Stephen England William Moore, jun' Edward Masry Z mark Oen Eenels, his mark q Thomas Spild, sen X mark George Vasay Richard Mongen, O mark ^ subsequent Petition for a Township. To the Hon''" Geo : Vaughan, Esq. Lt. Gov' & Com- mander in Chief of his Majesties Province of N. Hamp' & to his Majesties Council of y° Prov : aforesaid : The Petition of his Maj"°' good subjects sundry the Inhabitants of y" town of Exeter: Most humbly shewith : — The great hardships & Inconveniences which we (y' Hon" Petitioners) are made the subjects of by a late order from the Hon''"' Board :— (viz.)— y' ally' Inhabitants of Exeter to y" eastw" of west creek line should be joyned to y' Parish of Greenland, in answer to a petition presented by Mr. Josh : Weeks subscribed by sundry the inhabitants of the town of Exeter afores", praying to be added to y= s" Parish of Green- land, for that we y" subscribers who are on y" east side of s^ line never had any knowledge of s* Petition till after 'twas p'sented & then not seasonably enough to counter Petition before y' ord' May it Please y' Hon" : We have once & again Petitioned to be made a township: y' is, y" Inhabitants of Swampscutt Patent w'of we are some and Intend one address more to y' Hon's on the same head, tho' were that nothing at all we cannot but represent to yo' flon" the g' hardship we labour under on ace' of y" ord' afores"* inasmuch as there is a maj' numb' y' never knew of s'' Petition (that are joyned to y'' Parish of Greenland by y" ord' made upon it) than those that signed it. Whereupon we cannot but humbly pray for a Counter Ord' to the Order afores'' at least for so long a time as till both p'titions may have a hearing w"" will be a plain means to a final determination of the matter. However all is submitted to yo' Hon" by yo' Hon" most obed' serv" Andrew Wiggin Thomas Wiggin Jonathan Wiggin Will"" Fkench. Jan? 4'" 1715-lG. Petition to be set off into a township. To his Honour George Vahan Esq' Lieu' Governour and commander in cheif in & over his Majesties Province of New Hampshire in New England, & to his Majesties honoured Counsell fors'^ Province: We the Inhabitance of Quamescuk patent, humbly sheweth : — The very bad circumstances we lay under by reason of our great distance from the publick Worship of God and haveingno benifitt of any School, notwithstanding we have ever paid our proportion to the School of Exeter, and are now by the Providence of God increased to shuch a number as we hope we are able of ourselves to maintain a Minister & a school & other town charges as shall nessesarily fall upon us, with our proportion of publick assessments : There- fore we your petitioners does humbly pray that your Honours would pleas to set us of from all other Towns and Parishes and grant us a Township by ourselves & bound us as followeth : viz. Beginning at Sandey Point bounding upon Exeter river untill it comes into Wheelwrights Creeks mouth & from thence upon a southeast line three miles into the land; from s^ Sandey point to run three miles into y'' land upon a southeast line with an head line according to y° s"" Patent, which will be greatly to the joy & sattisfaction of your peti- tioners whose names are under writen. We your Petitioners does further humbly beg leave to inform yours honors of our ill convenences, being laid some times to one town & some times to another & all wayes a great distance from the Publick wor- ship of God ; with submission we would pray your honors to consider which is most reason — Whether those men which lay near Greenland should joyn with us your petitioners, or all we availl to them : We sub- mitt to your honors pleasure. Dated this tenth day of January Inst. 17^| Simon Wiggin Richard Galley Andrew Wiggin Stephen England Thomas Vezey John Haniford William French William Powell Jonathan Wigens Owen Runals, senor Moses Leavitt juner Owen Runalls, juner 544 HISTOHy OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. James Palmer Edward Maservy Benjamin Palmer Moses Rallins Aaron Rallins James Robison Sam" Green Edward Fifield Thomas Rallins David Robison Joseph Rallins Arthur Benitt Joseph Hoitt John Jlead Matthew Tomson William Moore George Veasey Thomas Wigins sen'' Thomas Wigens, jun'" John AVigens Daniel ]\Ioody John Mason John Searll James Keniston Richard Crockett John Satchell John Sinkler Joseph Mason Samuel Piper Gillies Brier Thomas Toms John Rett Thomas Brier William Seamen Satchell Rundlett Jonathan Clark Nathaniel Folsom Richard Morgan Nathaniel Stevens John Robarts James Dorety Daniel Leavitt Abraham Stockbridge John Jones Widow Leavitt Israel Smith Benj* T,eavitt. It is stated in Bouton's Provincial Papers that ^Ir. Rust died in 1740 ; this is a mistake, he died in 1749. At a town-meeting that year it was voted that the reverend ministers, who were his bearers, should each preach one-half day in the meeting-house. At the same meeting it was voted to pay his son Henry, who was the executor, £163, old tenor, as soon as possible, he to give acquittance unto said town from all de- mands of his father's salary from this day. Rev. Joseph Adams, the second minister of the town, it seems by the record, had preached for two or three years, more or less, in town previous to the death of Mr. Rust, for it was voted In town-meeting in 1746 that Rev. Joseph Adams be invited to settle as a minister of the gospel in Stratham. Rev. Joseph Adams died in Strathara, Feb. 24, 178-5, aged sixty- six, having served as minister for the town thirty- eight years, — ordained March 20, 1747. At the annual meeting in 1767 it was voted to build a new meeting-house on the spot where the old one now is. Thomas Wiggin, Stephen Boardman, Joseph Hoitt, Samuel Lane, Esq., Daniel Clark, John Tay- lor, and Simon Wiggin were chosen a building com- mittee. IMay 11, 1767, they reported that said house be 63 feet long, 4.5 feet wide, steeple 12 feet square. 1778, May 7th, Benjamin Barker and Mark Wiggin ■were chosen delegates to attend the State Convention at Concord, to be holden June 10, 1778. Voted to hire five soldiers to go to the service. A'oted to take care of the soldiers' wives and children. Nov. 10, 1785, a petition, signed by one hundred and one legal voters, was presented to the selectmen for a town-meeting, to see if the town would vote to give Rev. James Miltimore a call to settle as a min- ister of the gospel in this town. Meeting held Nov. 28, 1785, Hon. Paine Wingate, moderator. Voted to give Mr. Miltimore a call, chose a committee of thir- teen to present the call to Mr. Miltimore, and to take into consideration what support he should have. The committee reported that he have ninety pounds lawful money annually as a salary, have the use of the parsonage land and a house at the expense of the town. P. Wingate, for the committee. The report was accepted. Mr. Miltimore's letter of acceptance, addressed to the inhabitants of the town of Stratham, was read in town-meeting, Jan. 2, 1786. He closes with these words, "Assuring you that it is with peculiar satisfaction I behold you, who not long since appeared to tremble over the gulph of dis- sension, so happily fixed on the sure ground of union and love, constrained to conclude this to be the voice of Heaven, I do with a trembling heart accept your call and manifest my willingness to be solemnly in- ducted to the work of the ministry in the church and congregation in Stratham." 1775. Voted that the selectmen hire eight months' schooling by a grammar master, and eight months by an English master. 1791. Voted to have the bell belonging to the town cast over, and that all those of the Baptist so- ciety and the people called Quakers, who object to the vote, may give in their names to the selectmen be- fore the assessment is made and be excused from any tax on account of ca.sting over said bell. It was voted at the annual meeting in 1795 that every man may wear his hat if he pleases. At the annual meeting in 1799 it was voted to build four new school-houses ; voted to purchase the stuff this year and build them next year. At the annual meeting in 1803 it was voted to raise three hundred dollars for schools, and that each district may hire a schoolmistress two months, and pay her out of the said three hundred dollars. In 1778 MaJ. Benjamin Barker andMaj. Mark Wig- gin were chosen delegates to attend the first State Con- vention at Concord, to be holden June 10, 1778. Five soldiers were hired to go to the service. Voted to take care of the soldiers' wives and chil- dren. At the annual meeting in 1786, a committee con- sisting of N. Rollins, Andrew Wiggin, Jr., and Ste- phen Piper, was chosen to sell the upper parsonage lot (so called) and apply the money towards the pur- chase of Capt. Jonathan Wiggins' house and lot for the use of the Rev. James Miltimore. 1790. Voted to have the bell cast over, and all those of the Baptist Society and the people called Quakers that object to this vote by giving in their names to the selectmen may be exempt from tax. 1795. Voted that every man may wear his hat if he pleases in town-meeting. STEATHAM. 545 At the annual meeting 1799 it was voted to build four new school-houses. Voted to purchase the " stuff" to build said houses this year, and build them next year. 1803. It was voted to raise three hundred dollars for schools, and that each district may have a school- mistress two months, and pay her out of the said three hundred dollars. Rev. James Miltimore was dismissed from the min- istry in Stratham, at his request, by vote of the town Oct. 5, 1807. List of Pastors. — - Henry Rust, Joseph Adams, James Miltimore (graduated at Dartmouth College, 1774), Jacob Cummings (Dartmouth College, 1819), AVilliamJohn Newman, Joseph R. Whittemore (Am- herst College, 1843), John M. Steele (Dartmouth, 1844), Edward C. Miles (New York University, 1849), Lewis Goodrich (Bowdoin College, 1845), and Albert B. Peabody. Voted that he have the parsonage without compen- sation until the next annual meeting if he choose to occupy it. At the annual meeting in 1809, Nathan Wiggin, Phinehas Merrill, Esq., and George Wingate were chosen a committee to inspect the schools. This was the first board of superintending school committee in town. In 1829 it was voted to instruct the selectmen to purchase a firm for the use of the poor in town. In 1837 the town-meeting house was taken down, the Congregational Society built a new church the same year, and prepared a room in the basement for the purpose of holding town-meetings. From 1717 to 1837 the warrants for town meetings called the voters to meet at the town's meeting-house. In 1876, Charles N. Healey was chosen a delegate to the State Convention, held at Concord, Dec. 6, 1876, to revise the constitution. A petition signed by twenty-four legal voters was presented to the selectmen to lay out a cemetery. In accordance with this vote a lot was selected near the Baptist Church, on land of Andrew Wiggin, Esq., at a cost of three hundred dollars,— John N. Thomjason, Isaac S. Wiggin, Jenness Brown, selectmen. At the annual meeting in 1877 it Avas voted to build a town-house, and that the sum of three thousand five hundred dollars be raised for that purpose. Josiah B. Wiggin, Freeman H. Burleigh, James W. Rollins, and Otis B. French were appointed a committee to locate said house, and report at an adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting the committee reported in favor of a lot otfered by George Wingate, near the post-office. The report was accepted and adopted. Freeman H. Burleigh, James W. Rollins, and Charles W. Jones were appointed a building committee. At the annual meeting in 1878 it was voted to sell the town farm, accordingly it was sold to E. J. Folsom for the sum of three thousand five hundred dollars by John N. Thompson, chairman of selectmen. 35 The first town-meeting in Stratham was held April 10, 1716. Capt. Andrew Wiggin was chosen moderator ; David Robinson, town clerk. A com- mittee of five was appointed to build a meeting- house. The committee consisted of Capt. Andrew Wiggin, George Veasey, Nathaniel Ladd, Joseph Rollins, and William Scammon. It was voted that the house be forty-eight feet long, thirty-six feet wide, and twenty feet stud. At a subsequent meeting it was voted to raise the meeting-house on land of Daniel Leavitt. (This Was near the site of the present Congregational Church.) At a legal meeting held Aug. 15, 1716, William Moore was chosen to repre- sent the town in the General Assembly, Jan. 2, 1717. Andrew Wiggin was chosen to represent the town in the General Assembly. It appears by the record that he served as representative until 1744 (and David Robinson as town clerk forty-seven years, or until 1763). At the same meeting it was voted that Capt. Andrew Wiggin and Thomas Rollins shall entreat with a minister to preach three or four Sabbaths in the year by way of contribution. March 25, 1717, it was voted that Mr. Rust shall preach in the town, if he be willing, for a quarter or half a year. April 24, 1717, a committee appointed for the pur- pose, report an agreement with the Rev. Henry Rust to come and settle among them as a minister of the gospel. The first year to give him sixty pounds, second year, seventy pounds ; third year, eighty pounds ; one-third to be paid in corn, pork, and beef, the other two-thirds in money, and one hundred pounds in money, to be paid in four years toward building him a house. Likewise, the Rev. Henry Rust, upon the consider- ation of these terms hath engaged to settle amongst us. In consideration of all above-written we of both parties have 'sot to our hands' this 24th day of April, 1717. Andrew Wiggin, Henry Rust, Thomas Rol- lins." March 25, 1818, voted that the Rev. Mr. Rust shall be ordained at soon as convenient, and the providing for the ordination be done by contribution, and that Capt. Andrew Wiggin's house shall be the place for the people to carry on and provide for the ordination. A committee was chosen to seat the meeting-house, and a fine of five shillings was imposed upon each person who neglected to occupy the seat assigned. It was voted that Capt. Andrew Wiggin shall have lib- erty to set in whatever seat he pleaseth. The officers chosen annually at this time and for many years afterwards were a moderator, clerk, con- stable, five selectmen, two assessors, a committee of three to call the selectmen to account, tithingmen, surveyors of highways and fences. It was voted at this meeting that James Palmer's barn be a sufficient pound for the year ensuing. At the annual meeting in 1727, George Veasey, Jonathan Wiggin, and Moses Leavitt were appointed a committee to sell the com- 54G HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. mon land and buy a bell for the meeting-house. In 1730, Andrew Wiggin and Richard Galley were ap- pointed a committee to strengthen the steeple for the safety of the ringing of the bell at the charge of the town. At the same meeting it was voted that there be a committee chosen to appoint a place or places for a school-house or houses in town. At the annual meeting, 1733, voted that there shall be a school- house built by the mouth of the lane by Mr. Jona- than Chase's, by the way that leadeth to Jonathan Clark's, and another the south side of Joshua Hill's house. At a meeting, in 1738, a committee was chosen to take down the bell, which is broke, and send it to London to be new cast. "Totho Inhabitants qunlified to vote in Stratliam, Greeting; Iiiaa- niuch as tliere is much uneasiness among the people of thia town under the Rev. Mr. Rust's ministry, that thpy are obliged to go to other towns on Sabbath days to hear the word of God preached to them more agree- able to tlio wonderful outpouring of Goil's Spirit of late, and Mr. Rust has been applied to, to call a Cliurch meeting, to but a Church meeting can't be obtained. These are therefore in bis Majesty's name to notify you to meet at the meeting-house on Fiiday, the 3Uth day of September, at 2 O'clk P.M., to know the mind of the town in respect to the ministry, and to choose a committee to agree witli some person qualified for the ministry, and that is a friend to and a subject to the wonderful outpour- ing of God's Spirit at tliis day to preach to the people in the meeting- house one half each Sabbath day for as long a time as shall then be agreed on. Tliis by the request of a number of Freeholders in this town. Given under hands at Stratham, Sept. 21, 1746. " Benjamin Norbis, "KoAH Barker, " Joseph Merrill, "Theophilus Rundlett' " Selectmen of Slrathamy A committee was chosen to agree with a minister to preach half each Sabbath day not exceeding six months. Baptist Ministers.~The following is a list of the Baptist ministers from the organization of the church to the present time : Samuel Shepherd, Samuel Cook, Samuel L. Gilbert, J. H. Learned, Thomas Archibald, -John M. Wedgwood, Benjamin Knight, Charles New- hall, William H. Dalrymple, Jacob Tuck, M. B. Laning, Noah Hooper. Free-Will Baptist.— Asa Merrill, William Rod- gers. Christian Baptist. — Noah Piper. Christian Baptist Ministers.— The following is a list of the ministers of the Christian Baptist Church from its organization to the present time : Noah Piper, Frank K. Stratton, James L. Pierce, William B. Cot- tle, John W. Tilton, and Henry C. Plaisted. Postmasters. — Only two postmasters have been appointed for Stratham, Zebulon Wiggin and Joseph S. Staples. Phinehas Merrill, Esq., was perhaps in his day one of the most useful and eminent men that this town has produced, born in 1767. He was Representative several years, and for many years town clerk and one of the selectmen. AVidely known as a civil engineer his surveys of land are pronounced by modern sur- veyors as very accurate. He taught all (he schools in town for a good many years, was the author of a series of arithmetics, published a map of the town in 1793 ; also about 1800 a map of Exeter and a map of the State. A very accomplished penman, specimens of his work with the pen compare favorably with the best we see now. He died in the prime of life, 1815. We have had other distinguished men, such as Paine Wingate, Dr. Josiah Bartlett, and the Hon. Judge Daniel Clark, who have been members of Congress. Dr. Josiah Bartlett, Jr. — Probably no man ever lived in Stratham who was more popular and generally respected than he. His fine personal ap- pearance, with hi.s cheerful social qualities, made him a universal favorite. His practice was extensive not only in this but surrounding towns. He was for many years one of the main pillars of the Congrega- tional Church. His untimely death in the midst of his usefulness by drowning on his return from a med- ical convention in New York, by the giving way of a bridge in May, 1853, was not only a calamity to his family, but to this whole community. LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES. 17IC. William Moore. 1832. George Barker. 1717. Andrew Wiggin, Eaq.i 1833. No choice. 1744-46, 1748. Moses Leavitt. 1834 Noah Piper. 1752-56. Thomas Wigsjiu. 1836-37. John Scammon. 1758. Richaid Scammon, 1838. James Fobs. 17C0. Thomas Wiggin. 1830. George Lane. 1702-06, 1708-71. Andrew Wiggin. 1840-41. George B. Fifield. 1774. Stephen Boardman. 1842-43. James Fuss. 1770. Andrew Wiggin. 1S44-45. George Lano. 1780-82. Mark Wiggin. 1840. George Barker. 1783. Paine Wingate. 1847. George Wingate. 1784-85. Mark Wiggin. 1848-40. James Rollins. 1780. Simon Wiggin. 1860. John P. Adams. 1787. Jonathan Robinson. 1851. No choice. 1700. Jonathan Wiggin. 1862. Mark Barker. 1701-92. Jonathan Wiggin. 1853-54. Daniel Wiggin. 170J-04. Stephen Piper. 1866-50. Addison Wiggin. 1706. Hon. Paine Wingate. 1867-68. James W. Rollins. 1700-0!). Nicholas Rollins. 1860-00. Natlian M. Barker. 1800. Nicholas Rollins. 1801-02. Phinehas Merrill. 1801-2. Walter Weeks. 1803-64. Zachaiiah B. French. 1803. Nicholas Rollins. 1805-00. Grecnleaf C.Brown. 1804. Walter Weeks. 1807-08. James E. Odell. 1805-10. C'apt. Daniel Jewell. 1809. Leonard Lang. 1811-13. Phinehas Merrill. 1870-71. Bracket Jones. 1814. DanielJewell. 1872. Henry P. Wingate. 1816-10. Levi Barker. 1873. Voted not to send. 1817-18. Walter Weeks. 1874. Charles Gear. 1810-20. James Lane. 1875-70. Joseph T. Smart. 1821-24. Baniel Veasey. 1877. Cliarles Gear. 1826-27. Noah Piper. 1878-70. Josiah B. Wiggin. 1828. Levi Jewell. 1880. (Firet biennial election) Isaac 1820. No.ih Piper. S. Wiggin. 1830. Aaron'jewett. 1881. Isaac S. Wiggin. 1831. No choice. 1882. Isaac S. Wiggin. It appears by the record that the representatives to the General Assembly were not chosen every year. Probably each served as such until his successor was elected. For instance, it will be seen that Moses Leavitt was chosen in 1744 and 1745, and again in 1748 ; no doubt he served in 1746 and 1747. This may have ' Served until 1744. Speaker of the House from 1728 to 1744. STEATIIAM. U7 been occasioned by the adjournment of the Assembly from time to time by the Governor. Military-Record— Revolution— Rebellion— The following is a list of soldiers from Stratham who died in service during the Revolutionary war : William Freucli. Jolin Goss. Josiftli Piper. JuLn Fuss. William Brasljridge. Joseph Thurston. Jusoiih UurlfiKli. 4 John Tilton. Thomas Wiggin. Joseph Jewett. John Taylor. Kobert Kimball. Levi Cliiipman. Colier Wiggin. Nichulus Mason. War of the Rebellion. — Names of soldiers from Stratham who served in the war of the Rebellion. Horace J. Willej'. Levi W. Colbalh. 1 Josiah N. Jones. 1 J. Osborne Jones. 1 George II. Rnncilett. 1 John II. Chase. - Charles H. Chase. 1 Howard M. Chase. 1 John L. Chase. John Murphy. iJohn U. Whidden. 1 Bennet Leightun. ^ Cassius C. French. 1 George W. French. Charles W. French. Daniel J. Wiggin. Alonso Wentworth. AVilliiim Wentworth. Jeremiah H. Jones. Frank L. Kuudlelt. George Dearborn. John W. Bride. George Smith. George Chapman. Jacob Wentworth. Lawrence B. Otis. Charles Blidwood. 3 John W. Chase. Levi Chase. Alvin S. WMggin. lleniy F. Bi-own. = William M. Upton. Charles II. Plaistcd. 1 William H. Hawkins. 1 Oliver S. Pearsou. John L. Sinclair. Eohert Innis. John W. Mason. Thomas II. Brown. George F. Smitli. John Sanborn. Alexander Moore. George B. Wiggin. Jonas Pearson. William Kodman. Charles A. Lord. Samuel B. T. Goodiich. Samuel M. Peareon. i Howard M. Rundlett. Kobert Miles. Charles H. Robinson. Thomas Barker. William H. ITuntress. liufus L. Jones. James M. Bowley. Wallers. Weeks. William H. Teaton. 5 Ezra Bartlett. Physicians. — ^Richard Rust, Samuel Shepherd, James Odell, Josiah Bartlett, Josiah Bartlett, Jr., and George H. Odell. Garrison. — The house of John H. Dearborn, a hun- dred and sixty years ago or more during the Indian troubles, was a garrison, a nightly resort for safety to the people of that neighborhood. It is well preserved, although perhaps the oldest house in town. Five generations at least of the Dearborn family have had their home in this house. A very full and interesting record of the seasons, crops, storms, droughts, earth- quakes, diseases, deaths, and other events was made and preserved in this family, commencing more than one hundred and thirty years ago. The record is in a very neat and legible hand, made by the great-grand- father and grandfather of the present Mr. Dearborn, commencing in 1748 and ending with 1800. 1 Died in the service. 2 Mortally wounded at first battle of Bull Kun. 3 Lieutenant heavy artillery. < Assistant Surgeon United States navy. 5 Ensign on the " Kcarsarge" at the capture of the " Alabama." The following are some of the earlier records : " 1748. A tedious cold winter, by reason of much snow and bad passing, as ever was known by any person now living. The cold began the 3rd of De- cember, 1747, and held twenty-six days ; after that, the deep snows began to come, and continued four months, so exceeding deep, there was scarcely any passing from house to house. Twenty-five snow storms this winter, which contained about twelve feet of snow in depth; middling crops of corn, but the extreme drought hurt the grass. Seventeen deaths. " 1749. A comfortable winter, but in April came on a most distressing drought, exceeding that of last year, which cut off our English corn and grass, that we had but little hay, and cattle ready to perish for want of feed. Indian corn seemed almost past recovery, but a great rain on the 5th of July revived it, so that we had the best crop ever known, which was the principal support of man and beast through the year. 'Tis won- derful to see people strive to keep their cattle alive; many go forty and fifty miles into the country to cut meadows, and drive them into the woods to browse them ; some pick leaves off the trees and carry them into their barns for cattle to live on in the winter. Twenty-six deaths. " 1750. A hard winter; hay scarce; cattle are kept alive by corn and browse. A vast many bass fish up our river; a fruitful summer. Twenty-six deaths. " 1751. Uncommon mild winter, so that the ferry- boat crossed the salt river every month in the winter ; a wet summer ; great crops of grass, middling crop of corn. Fifteen deaths. " 1752. A more than common cold winter, con- tinuing cold for two full months, and froze so hard that it was the common practice to go with sleds and sleighs from Boston to Castle William, and the ves- sels all froze into the river ; a great crop of hay and a great prospect for corn, but on the 29th of August a severe frost killed the stalks, and it immediately turned white, also killed almost every green thing ; corn being then in the milk was so blasted there was scarcely any sound corn that year for seed, and the spring and summer following there was such a scarcity of food, both corn and meat, that it would make al- most the hardest heart ache to hear the complaints of multitudes of people ready to famish for want of food, begging for a handful of corn ; but in the sum- mer of 1753 corn came over sea and supplied many. A very sickly time in Boston and towns adjacent, with the smallpox, throat distemper, and mortal fevers. Twenty-three deaths. " 1753. An open winter, so that boats passed from Exeter to Portsmouth ; plentiful crops of corn and grass ; a very sickly year through the country. Fifty- seven deaths. " 1754. A very moderate winter ; a cold day came on suddenly the 22d of January, in which many peo- ple out a-fishing and otherwise exposed perished ; a fruitful summer. Thirty-eight deaths. 548 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. " 1755. Remarkable for earthquakes throughout the world; in particular, Nov. 1, Lisbon sunk, in which ten thousand people lost their lives, and the 18th of the same month, the greatest ever known in New England, at two o'clock in the morning. Four- teen deaths. " 1756. A fourth open winter, many people plowed and fenced in February; as good carting as in sum- mer; a fruitful year: unfortunate in the war; four- teen deatlis in town, four in the war. " 1757. A hard winter, much snow ; great scarcity of hay; very sharp drought in summer which cut short the fruits of the earth ; a terrible sickly time with fevers. Thirty-six deaths. " 1758. A very severe winter ; deep snows and the most difiicult passing that has been for ten years, the latter end of March the snow being three or four feet deep and hard like ice, and people sledding upon it over the fences. A bad whooping-cough among children. Successful in war this year. Thirty deaths." BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. EZRA BARKER. Ezra Barker, son of Levi and Mary (Wiggin) Barker, was born in Stratham, N. H., op the old Barker homestead, on the 22d of May, 1803. His father was a son of Ezra Barker, born in 17G9, and died in 1841. Levi was twice married,— first to Mary Wiggin, by whom he had eight children, viz. . Mark, George, Mary, Elizabeth, Nancy, Ezra, Abby, and Martha J., all born in Stratham, and all have died except Ezra. Mr. Barker was a farmer by occu- pation, and a Republican in politics. He was select- man several years, and member of the Legislature two years. He was a member of the Baptist Church, and was liberal towards all benevolent institutions. His wife died July 15, 1819, aged fifty-two years, and he married for his second wife Meliitabel Clark, who survived him. Ezra Barker, 8r., born in 1720, died in 1800. He had two children, viz. : Levi and a daughter, name not known. Ezra Barker, Jr., spent bis boyhood on the old farm in Stratham, atteF.ding the district school winters and working on the farm summers. This was supplemented by a few terms at the academy in Green- field, N. H. He remained at home, taking charffe of the farm and his aged parents, till their death, when he came in possession of one-half of the farm' and by purchasing the other half of the heirs the entire homestead of some two hundred acres. Early in life he planted a nursery, and sold his trees of various kinds all through New England ; thus he made his first money outside of legitimate farming. He lias always been considered one of the best farmers in Stratham, and one of its shrewdest men. He has been very successful at whatever he has undertaken, and now (1882) is one of the wealthiest, if not the wealthiest man in town. He never mar- ried, but has lived a quiet, unostentatious life. He is a bondholder in various railroads, and a stockholder ill twenty-two banks. In politics he is a Republican. He has never been an aspirant for official honors, preferring the quiet home life of the intelligent New England farmer. While he is not a member of any religious organ- ization, still he cherishes the faith of his fathers, and is a supporter of the Baptist Church. Mr. Barker is a man of strong convictions, and has tlie courage of those convictions. He possesses great force, and has always carried through successfully whatever he has undertaken. Industry and economy have been the cardinal principles actuating him through a long life made successful by them. He reviews the past with no apprehension of the future, and to-day (1882), though -nearly seventy-nine years of age, retains all the vigor of youth. He is the youngest n^an for his years that the writer remembers having ever seen. George Barker married Mary Piper, and had ten children, viz. : Mary A. (deceased), Albion, Caroline, George M., Louisa, John H., Thomas, Levi, and two oth ers. George Barker was a farmer in Stratham, and died in 1874. Mary Barker, daughter of Levi, married Capt. George Lane, of Stratham, and has two children, viz. : Amanda and Henry. Elizabeth Barker, daughter of Levi, married Ed- mond J. Lane, and has one son, Edmond B. THE WIGGIN FAMILY. This name is common only in New Hampsliire, and is seldom met with in this country out of New Eng- land. Stratham has for nearly two centuries been the seat of the fitmily, and it is thought that at this time more than half the inhabitants of that ancient town are th.' lineal descendants of Thomas Wiggin, who was the fii-st of the name in this country, and probably the ancestor of all who now bear it,— at least, in the Northern States. Tliis gentleman came to New Hampshire in 1631, as agent ior the proprietary for the Upper Plantation, embracing Dover and Stratham, with part of New- ington and Greenland. After spending a year or two here, he returned to England on the business of the province, and by his "good testimony," as Governor Winthrop says, "in behalf of the Massachusetts cohmy, did much to avert the evils that threatened it irom the enmity of Georges and Mason. On his re- turn to New Hampshire he brought with him a con- siderable numTjer of families from the west of Eng- land, some of whom were of good estates and some -Of-^ Uj^,''spring of the year 18S^. His children were, 1, Sarah, "^ wife of Hill; 2, Anna, wife of Joseph Jewett; 3, Mary, wife of Perkins; 4, Hannah; 5, Lydia; 6, Hannah; 7, Andrew Wiggin, Esq. The latter was born March 27, 1719. He married Anna Eo^s. Second wife was Meliitable Moody. On the 12th of September, 1751, he married Mrs. Dorothy Sweat, who was born Feb. 26, 1727. Andrew Wiggin died 1774. His children were by his last wife : 1. Andrew, born July 14, 17-32, and died Jan. 22, IS.jG. He married Mary Brackett, of Greenland, on the 29th of January, 1774. Their daughter, Mary, was born Oct. 0, 1780, and died June, 1S;)2. She was married to George Hilton, Esq., of Newmarket, July, 1803, and was the mother of George O. Hilton, who married Nancy Walker, of Portsmouth. The latter's children are Mary Miltimore an^d George William. Andrew Wiggin's second wife was Mary, the daugh- ter of Hon. Paine Wingate, born July 12, 1766, mar- ried Jan. 6, 1788. Their children were (1) Harriet, born Oct. 27, 17SS, died April 6, 1836; (2j Caroline, born April 20, 1790, died June 19, 1817; (3) Andrew Paine, born .Sept. 1, 1701, married to Mrs. Olive Gilbert Jan. 23, 1S21 ; she died Dec. 31, 1822; (4) Eliza, boru Feb. 23, 1704, married to Mr. Andrew T.aylor April 23, 1820. Their children are Andrew Bartlett, Charles Green, and George Se1ectmen. Neiikmiah Hadley/ During the whole war our men shared in the joys of the army's triumphs, or in the sadness of its de- feats. Fourteen men, at least, from Windham were in the battle of Bennington, as follows: in Stark's brigade, Col. Mons Nichol's regiment, Capt. Daniel Bunnell's (or Reynolds') company, who enlisted July 20, 1777, were John Campbell, Samuel Campbell, John Stuart, John Hughes. (These are incorrectly credited to Londonderry in Parker's history of that town.) In Capt. Jesse Wilson's company, same regiment, were Ensign David Gregg (afterwards lieutenant), Samuel Morison, sergeant (grandfather of the writer), Ephraim Kyle, corporal, Alexander Morrow, David Campbell, John Kinkead, John Jameson, Jesse Da- vidson, James Wilson, Thomas Karr, AVilliam Bolton. Casualties.— David Gregg had his thumb shot off. Samuel Morison suffered severely from sunstroke. James Wilson was taken prisoner by a British soldier, and he in turn took his captor captive. John Kin- kead was killed. His sad fate and other incidents of the battle have been put in verse by the " Eustic Bard," Eobert Dinsmoor. Wlien our soldiers returned from the battle they were welcomed by the citizens, and the " Eustic Bard" had a poem written to commemo- rate the event. The muse's voice has long been silent, and patriotic verse no longer emanates from his pen. The soldiers go no more forth to battle, nor are they troubled by war's alarms. But soldiers and poet sleep their last sleep, and gently the sods cover them. The success at Bennington was the harbinger of a brighter day. The auspicious morning was at hand when England would be compelled to accord justice to America. The gallant sons of the old Granite State now rallied to join the northern army as men flock to a feast. The British commander was effectu- ally "bottled up," and on the 17th of October, 1777, Burgoyne surrendered to Gen. Gates. Windham men helped to swell the ranks of the patriot army, and participated in those battles, and shared in the glories of the victory. Among them, who enlisted Septem- ber 29th and discharged October 28th, were Col. Isaac Cochran, Sergt. James Davidson, Sergt. Eliph- alet Ladd, Eobert Dinsmoor ("Rustic Bard"), Fifer William McCoy, John Campbell, Alexander Gregg, John Cochran, John Armor„Alexander Simpson, John Dinsmoor, Daniel Mcllvaine, John Williams (Corp. Daniel Mcllvaine was incorrectly credited to Lon- donderry in Parker's history of that town). In Capt. Joseph Finley's company at Saratoga, which marched from Londonderry, enlisted Oct. 1, discharged Nov. 4, 1777, were Adam Dunlap, John McCoy, David Quentin, and William McKeen. These four Wind- ham soldiers are incorrectly credited to "Londonderry in Parkers history of that town. So the record might be swelled with the names of our soldiers, their valor, and the war legislation of the town, but lack of space forbids. Tlie^e will all be found in the "History of Windham," devoted to such full details ; suffice to say that the record of the soldiers was valiant, the legislation of the town ener- getic, prompt, and patriotic, the enthusiasm and self- sacrifice of the people under all the privations the war imposed was worthy of all honor. Members of Constitutional Conventions and Representatives, 1775 to 1882.— At the commence- ment of the Revolution, when royal authority was op- posed, a convention was called in Exeter in, 1774, and most towns in the State were represented. The sec- ond convention met in May, 1775, to consult on State affairs; the third convention December 21, and pro- ceeded to form a temporary State government. June 2, ma, John Dinsmoor was sent as delegate. June 22, James Bolton was sent. In October and Decem- ber he was re-elected; also in 1776-77. Since that date they have been as follows : Lieut. John Dinsmoor, 1778. James Bolton, 1779-81. Th ree conven t ions of 1782, Deacon Samuel Morison (2d), James Bolton {M}, Deacon John Dins- moor. Deacon Gain Armor, 1783. James Bolton, 1784-80. Col. James Gilmoie, 1787-88. James Bolton, 1789. Voted not to send, 1790. James Bolton, 1791. 55S HISTORY OF EOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. September convention, Jnmea Da- vidson. Voted not to Bpncl, 1792. James Bolton, 1T!)3. Col. JampB Gilmm-e, 1704. Samuel Armor, 1796-98. Jolin Diiisnioor, 1799. ISno, no record. Samuel Armor, 1801-2. John Diiismoor, 1803. Samuel Ai-mor, 1804. John Dinsmoor, 180j, John Caniplell, 1800. Samuel Armor, 1807-11. John Camphell, 1812. Siimuel Armor, 1813. John Camphell, 1814-18. Samuel Armor, 1810-20. John Nesmilh, 1821. Jonathan Parker, 1822-24. Jeremiah Morrison, 1825-26. Samuel Andei-aon, 1827-28. Isaac McGaw, 1829-34. Alexander Park, 1835. Isaac McGaw, 1830. Voted not to send, 1837. Alexander Gordon, 1838. Isaac McGaw, 1830. Samuel W. Simpson, 1840. Jeremiah Morrison, 1841. Theodore Dinsmoor, 1842-43. John Hills, 1844-43. Isaac McGaw, 1840-47. Theodore Dinsmore, 1848. Jonathan Parker, 1840-50. John Hills, 1861. Jeremiah Bloixison, 18.62. Saninel W. Simpson, 1853. Theodore Dinsmoor, 1864. Itohei-t B. Jackson, 1S55-6G. Samuel W. Simpson, 1857. No choice, 1 858-59. Samuel Camphell, 1800-01. Isaac Emerson, 1802-04. ■William C. Harris, 1806. George W, Weston, 1800. Leven Thayer, 1807. Hoi Hills, 1808-70. Alhert A. Morrison, 1871-72. ■\VilIiani D. Cochran, 1873-75. Joseph P. Crowell, 1870. Abel Dow, 1877. Horace .\nderson, 1878. Aliel Dow, 1878-80. Horace Anderson, 1880-82. Delegate to the Constitutional Convention, 1850, Jerenn'ah Morrison. Member of Constitutional Convenlion, 1870, Horace Derr.v. War History from 1812-15, and during the Great Rebellion.— When the war of tlie Revolution was over the best of feeling did not exist between Eng- land and her late colonies. In 1795 war between the nations was averted by an unpopular treaty. There was an itching on the part of the g/)vernracnt and a portion of the people to reduce the arrogance of Great Britain, whd'was mistress of the seas. War at length broke out. It was extremely unpopular in Windham, and denounced in unmeasured terms as a wicked, causeless war, and a useless sacrifice of blood and treasure. It is said that only four men in the town voted in favor of the war, and the conditions of the treaty of peace between the nations justified the views of our people. Though bitterly opposed to the war, the following persons were enlisted or drafted for the service, the most, if not all, being stationed at Portsmouth: Benjamin Blanchard, William Balch, Robert P. Dinsmoor, Samuel Dinsmoor, Thomas Ne- smith, Samuel Davidson, Richard Dow, David Camp- bell, Alexander Gordon, John B. Hilands, Moses Sar- gent, Phillip K. Wilds, Rufus Patterson, Stephen E. Blaisdel), Samuel Rowell, Amos Dow, Thomas Moore, David Durrer, Phineas Danforth, James Simpson, Samuel Marshall, Aaron Senter, Solomon Corliss, John Webster, William Simpson, John Nesmith (served in a Massachusetts regiment), Woodbridge Cottle. When the treaty of peace was signed, Dec. 24, 1814, and ratified by the President, Feb. 17, 1815, there was great rejoicing by all parties. The news of peace was brought from Harbor Hill, Mass., to Wind- ham by Samuel Armor, Esq., who rode up to the houses of people shouting, "Peace, peace, peace .'" and with- only a word of explanation he reined his horse into the highway and was gone to carry joy to other households. So far as this town is concerned, peace reigned for many years. The war with Mexico did not affect us, and not a soldier is known to have gone from the town. But a storm was brewing which would shake to their centre the foundations of our national gov- ernment. The slaveholders' rebellion was at hand, and the hour would call for sacrifice on the part of our people. Sumter was attacked April 19, 1861. The North sprang to arms. The following list is very nearly correct of the men furnished by the town : Three months' men, five. Walter Burnham, Asa Bean,' Seth N. Huntley,' William Wyman, Moses Wyman,' James G. Batchelder, Jesse Crowell, Theo- dore Clark, Joseph R. Everett,' Albion K. Goodwin,' Horatio Gleason, John Calvin Hill, Samuel Haseltine, John G. Johnson,' Lemuel Marden, Moses Myrick, Louis McConnihe, Lewis Eipley,' James G. Stone, Caleb G. Wiley,' Moses Wyman. William Anderson, John G. Bradford, Asa Bean, George AV. Colburn, Henry W. Chellis, Horace W. Hunt, Seth N. Huntley, John W. Hall, David B. Fessenden, Micajah B. Kimball, William K McCon- nihe, Reuben A. Phillips, James S. Stephens. Carl Albert, Joseph G. Ayers, James Baker, James Brown, C. H. Bachelder, George W. Durant, Severe L. Duplissis, Albert Fletcher, Charles E. Hanscom, George A. Jackson, Joseph F. Mugot, Elixis Mar- cotte, Truworthy Norris, Ephraim Plimpton, Went- worth S. Cowan, Thomas Crook, Patrick Hannan, Bernard McCam, Oliver Burns, James Murphy, Russell W. Powell, Jasques Dreux, James Brown, Charles Cole, Frederick Otis, James C. Crowell, Charles Fegan, George W. Carr, Whiting R. Richard- son, Oilman Jaquitt, James Jones (colored), Harry Hancock. Seven citizens were drafted and sent sub- stitutes. Eleven citizens voluntarily sent substitutes to the war. So closes the war history of the town. CHAPTER LXXXIV. AVINDHAM.— ( Conlinued.) ECCLESIASTICAL HISTOHY, ETC. The Scotch settlers of Windham were of a stern and rugged type, and clung to the tenets of the Pres- byterian Church with an obstinacy hard to surpass. Nor is this surprising when we consider the circum- stances of their lives and stock to which they be- longed. They were the descendants of the Cove- nanters. Their fathers had resisted the onslaughts of the Roman Catholic and the English Established Church. They hated Popery, and had but little more regard for the English Church. They had struggled on through the troubled years, bearing aloft the en- 1 Be-cnlisted. WINDHAM. 559 sign of their faitli,— to them tlie only true faitli,— and their banner the only true standard of the cross. The story of the past was familiar to our first set- tlers. It was engraved upon " the red-leaved tablets" of their hearts, and that they should cling with great tenacity to the faith and form of worship of their fathers is not surprising. The religious side of their characters was strongly developed. They were the followers of John Knox, and exhibited much of the stern, honest, plain, un- compromising spirit of that reformer. This town has been decidedly orthodox from the beginning. Many families attended meeting at what is now East Derry. After attending to their morn- ing duties the whole family, even women and chil- dren, would walk eight or nine miles, to meeting, listen to two long sermons, and then return to their homes, not reaching them till after dark. So they prized the sanctuary, and appreciated and loved dearly the faith in which they trusted. The first religious meetings were holden in barns during the warm season for eleven years, when, in 1753, the first meeting-house was built on the high ground southeast of Cobbett's Pond. Following the custom of the dear old father- land, the burying-ground stood beside the kirk. The dead rested near the living, worshiped where in sum- mer days, through the opened windows which let in the sunshine and the breath of flowers, the words from the lips of the living preacher might be borne by the breezes and quietly wave the grass which grew and the flowers which bloomed on the mounds above the peaceful sleepers. This spot is now known as the cemetery on the hill, a lovely place, sacred to the as- •sociations of the past, sacred, too, to the tender mem- ories of the ])resent as well. Rev. William Johnston received a call, July 12, 1742, to settle here, but was not installed till 1747. His salary was two hundred pounds and the use of the parsonage, besides three hundred pounds as a set- tlement. He ordained as ruling elders Nathaniel Hemphill, Samuel Kinkead, and John Kyle. By the dismemberment of Windham, in 1752, whereby about one-fourth of our territory with its people were an- nexed to Salem, the society was so weakened that it could not support the minister, and he was dismissed in July, 1752, having been with this people at least ten years. He was a highly-educated man, having been graduated at the University of Edinburgh, Scot- land, after a seven years' course. He was of Scotch descent, wa.s born in 1710 in Mullowmale Co., Tyrone, Ireland, and was the son of William and Elizabeth (Hoey) Johnston. Came to America previous to 1736 ; was then pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Worcester, Mass. After leaving town he preached at Corry's Brook, now Duanesburgh, Washington Co., N. Y. He afterwards purchased five hundred acres of land at Sidney Plains, N. Y., where his descend- ants live, and died at Florida, Montgomery Co., N. Y., May 10, 1782. He married while in Windham a sis- ter of the wife of Rev. William Davidson, of London- derry, Anna, daughter of Dr. John and Anna (Witter) Cummings. Her father was a surgeon in the British navy, and died on the coast of Africa. Rev. John Kinkead was installed October, 1760, with a salary of £1300, old tenor, or about $216, six pounds making one dollar. The following elders were ordained by him : John Armstrong, Samuel Campbell, David Gregg, Lieut. Samuel Morison, Robert Hopkins, John Tuffts. The ministrations of Mr. Kinkead were not satisfactory, nor his deport- ment such as to win the love and respect of his people, and he was dismissed in April, 1765. Rev. Simon Williams was ordained in December, 1766, with a salary of about $233.33, with a settlement of $200 and the use of the parsonage. He was pastor here for twenty-seven years, dying Nov. 10, 1793. He did a noble work, and his influence lives after him. He established a private academy, which was an im- portant tributary of Dartmouth College. As a scholar he was eminent, and was much beloved by the people. He married Maria Floyd, who died July 28, 1805. They were born Feb. 19, 1729, the same hour, in Trim, County of Meath, Ireland, and they are buried in the cemetery on the hill, and his grave is directly beneath where the pulpit stood in the old church. He ordained as elders John Dinsmoor, Robert Park, John Anderson, William Gregg, Samuel Morrison, Robert Dinsmoor ("Rustic Bard"), Alexander Mc- Coy. A new church was at the centre of the town in 1798. Rev. Samuel Norris was ordained over the church Oct. 9, 1805, and continued as pastor till he was dis- missed on account of failing health, in 1826. He con- tinued to reside here till his death, Sept. 6, 1848, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. He married, April 17, 1798, Ruth Pratt, born Aug. 29, 1779, died March 22, 1869. Their son, William C. Harris, is a resident of Windham. His ministry was a successful one. David Gregg, James Davidson, William David- son, John Davidson, Jesse Anderson, Samuel David- son, J. P. Johnson, Eleaser Barrett, James W. Per- kins, Jacob E. Evans, and David McCleary were ordained elders. Rev. Calvin Cutter was installed over the church in April, 1828, and died Feb. 19, 1844. He had pre- viously been settled in Lebanon, N. H., was gradu- ated at Dartmouth College in 1819, at Andover Theo- logical Seminary, 1823. During his ministry the present church was built (1834), and the old house is now the town-house. The latter has at different times been occupied for preaching some three months a year by the Methodists and Unitarians. The eldership was increased by these additions: In 1883, Samuel Anderson, Jacob Harris, Silas Moore, David Campbell, Jonathan Cochran. In 1843, Theo- dore Dinsmoor, Joseph Park, Benjamin Blanchard, David A. Davidson, and R. Hills. One hundred and fifty-eight persons united with the church be- 560 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. tween 1830 and 1844. Mr. Cutter possessed a great deal of intellectual strength and vigor. He married, June 3, 1824, Khoda Little, of Boscawen, N. H., who died Aug. 15, 1852. Their sons, Eev. Charles Cutter, is settled in Burton, Ohio; Kev. Carroll Cutter, D.D., is the efficient and able president of Western Eeserve College, Hudson, Ohio. In 1845, November 5th, Lorin Thayer was ordained over the church, with a salary of five hundred dollars. Like the most of his predecessors, he continued with his people till death. For over twenty years he con- tinued their pastor, and the disease which terminated in his death, Sept. 19, 1869, was the cause of the dis- solution of his pastoral relation with his people, April 25, 1866. He died at the age of fifty-four years, and he is huried among us, as are three of his predecessors. He was thrice married, his last wife being Elizabeth C. Farley, who became closely identified with the so- ciety and interest of the people. She survived her husband till March 4, 1878. His ministry was an eminently successful one, and the memory of him and his wife are tenderly cherished by manj'. Samuel Campbell became an elder during his pastoral charge. Jan. 20, 18G8, Joseph Lauman received a call to se.ttle, and he was installed June 2, 1868. A parsonage was built in 1868 at an expense of over three thousand dollars. Mr. Launian's pastorate continued till his resignation. He was dismissed Feb. 6, 1872. He now resides at Taylor's Falls, Minn. Rev. Charles Packard was installed April 29, 1873, at a salary of eight hundred dollars and the use of the parsonage. The church was thoroughly remod- eled in 1874, and rededicated Dec. 29, 1874. The outlay was two thousand six hundred dollars. William C. Harris, Horace Anderson, and William D. Cochran became elders in the church Dec. 26, 1878. Mr. Packard was born at Backfield, Me., Oct. 14, 1818, graduated at Bowdoin College in 1842, at Ban- gor Seminary in 1845. As a pastor he was faithl'ul, as a friend he was true, as a citizen he was always upon the right side, and always had the best interests of the people in view. He performed his pastoral duties till Jan. 29, 1881, when the disease which had been upon him culmi- nated in entire i)rostration, and he died Feb. 20, 1881, and is buried in Farmington, Me. He married, in Norway, Me., Dec. 15, 1845, Hannah Holt. She resides in Farmington, Me. Rev. Joseph Smith Cogswell was born in Bos- cawen, N. H., Oct. 29, 1830, and was installed over the church Dec. 21, 1881, with pleasing prospects. The Sunday-school was commenced in 1817. The larger part of the congregation attend the school. It has a large and well-patronized library. The people of this town have been a thinking, con- sequently a reading people. Their advantages in this direction have been better than in many country towns. With many, whenever an opportunity for self- culture has presented itself, it has been embraced; whenever books have come within their reach, they have been read ; whenever an opportunity has oc- curred for establishing a library, it has been estab- lished. Previous to 1800 some of our people were share- holders in a library in Salem, and the books were much read. The first book controlled by the town was in 1800. This was the commencement of the first public or social library, which was incorporated June 7, 1806. It had a constitution, by-laws, and a board of oflicers annually elected. In 1825 the number of volumes exceeded two hundred, — and valuable works. The Sunday-school library was started in 1832, and now contains some five hundred volume.?. School District Libraries.— John Nesmitt, Esq., of Lowell, Mass., a native of Windham, and after- wards Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts, pre- sented each school district with a library of fifty volumes. It was a generous gift, and admirably adapted to the end in view, and has done a good work. A social library was founded in 1851, numbering over one hundred copies, and was destroyed by fire April 7, 1856. The third and present public library was founded by Col. Thomas Nesmitt, of Lowell, a native and former citizen. By his will he left a legacy of three thousand dollars for this purpose. Two thousand dollars was expended for books and one thousand dollars was put at interest, and the interest, sixty dollars per year, is to be perpetually paid by the town for the replenishment of the library with new works. It was established in 1871, and the board of trustees at the time were Rev. Joseph Lauman, James Cochran, Hiram S. Reynolds, William D. Cochran, Leonard A. Morrison. It was dedicated June 21, 1871, an eloquent address being delivered by Hon. John C. Park, of Boston, Mass. Within two years a fine library of eighteen hundred volumes was in suc- cessful operation, and a well-arranged printed cata- logue had been put into the possession of every family in town. The library is second to no public library of its size in the State. The selection of books was made with great care, and many of the choicest and most valuable works extant are found upon its shelves. The numerical standing of the library in round num- bers is two thousand four hundred. Our Schools. — The early residents possessed con- siderable education, having acquired it in Scotland or in the Scotch settlements in the north of Ireland before their removal here. In accordance with the laws of the province and their own elevated views, provision was immediately made after the settlement for the education of the young. Four common schools were supported in Londonderry in 1727, of which Windsor was then a part. Of the earlier schools in town we have no record; the receding years have borne away all specific knowledge of them. The first WINDHAM. 5G1 school of which we have a positive account was in 1766, and James Aiken was the teacher. He taught a singing-school evenings, and a day-school for the children. Nicholas Sauce, a discharged British sol- dier, in 1760, of the French and Indian war, afterwards taught for a long time. He was a cruel teacher, as was the custom of those days, yet his scholars owed him a great debt of gratitude i'or tlie instruction re- ceived from him. Master McKeen was the next teacher in order, and taught about the year 1776. He was a man of fine acquirements and ripe scholarship, but his mind was not upon his calling, and if he chanced to see a squirrel by the roadside he would catch that squirrel if it toolv "all summer." The school-houses were but rude affairs' at the best, and often unfit for school purposes, oftentimes the school in summer would be kept in shops or barns. The school-houses were wholly discarded in winter and the schools taught in private houses. Family schools were much in vogue, the elder child teaching the younger ones. In one family there were eighteen children who were thus taught. It was the custom in former davs for the scholars to teach school on New Year's day, and lock out the teacher. On one bright New Year's morning the scholars came early, became masters of the castle, and held the fort. The succeeding day was one to be re- membered to their dying day by some of the scholars. It was a day of trouble, of mental darkness, of sorrow, and lamentation. "The quality of mercy" which " droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven" found no lodgment ia the teacher's breast. A wild justice reigned triumphant, and those riotous, fun-loving boys received a most unmerciful flogging. Over eighty years have gone since then, teacher and pupils have passed away, but the event is still alluded to. Williams' Academy. — This academy was the most potent influence ever exerted in town for the higher education of our youth. It was taught by Rev. Simon Williams, commencing about 1768, and terminating a short time previous to his death, in 1793. His scholar- ship was of the highest order, and he was a celebrated teacher while in town and previous to his coming here. Among those whom he fitted for college were Joseph McKeen, first president of Bowdoin College ; Eev. Samuel Taggart, the distinguished clergyman and Congressman, of Coleraine, Mass. ; Silas Bolton, M.C., of Salem ; and Dr. John Park, editor and phy- sician ; Eev. John GofFe; John Dinsmoor; Silas Dinsmoor, the noted Indian agent; and the elder Governor Samuel Dinsmoor. In the fourth class (1773), graduated at Dartmouth College, nearly one-half were fitted for college by Mr. Williams. The school often numbered forty to fifty scholars. Since 1790 appropriations for the support of schools have been made yearly by the town, and latterly 36 special appropriations have been made, above that required by law. There are now seven school districts, each having a good school-house in thorough repair, and usually supplied with maps and appurtenances for the successful prosecution of a school. Since 1850 a new school-house has been erected in each district, at a total expense of six thousand five hundred dol- lars, and their funds for different districts amounting to three thousand dollars. The schools are now successfully managed and are wisely fostered by the citizens. CENSUS. Ill 1707, tolnl population 402 III 177;!, total population / 602 1775. Hljilce under 10 years 120 IMiiles fioni 10 to 5U, nut In the army Sli Jlitles above 50 years 3;i Persons fiono in the army 15 All females 2(>2 Kegroes and slaves for life Vi Total 520 17SG. rupnlation, Blacks, 9; ^vhites 0S3 17;iO cr,3 " ISUO 751 " 1810. Colored, 8; males, 355; females, 379 742- Population, 1820. Males, 404 ; females, 443 9U7 " 1830 1000 " 184U. Males, 409 ; fenniles, 554 ; Colored, 3 020 Population, 1850 818 " 1800 S.'iO " 1870 753 " ISSO 0U5 Authors, Books, and Pamphlets. — Rev. Simon Williams wrote previous to 1793 an introduction to the American edition, and published Thomas Black- well's book on " Genuine Revealed Religion." He also published a small book by tlie presbytery. Rev. Samuel Harris printed in 1816 a sermon on the death of Miss Mary Colby, of Chester; in 1820 the "Memoir of Miss Mary Campbell," of Windham; in 1827-28 two editions of " Questions on Christian Ex- perience and Character;" also his farewell sermon about 1826. Rev. Loren Thayer wrote a sketch of the Windham Church for the " New Hampshire Church." Deacon Robert Dinsmoor (the "Rustic Bard") printed a volume of his poems, 264 pages, 1828. Leonard A. Morrison compiled in 1881, and placed in the Nesmith Library, the Thanksgiving Sermon of Rev. Calvin Cutter, 1835; Sermon by Rev. Loren Thayer on the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, May, 1865 ; Centennial Sermon of Rev. Charles Pack- ard, 1876 ; and a complete set of printed reports of Windham. In 1880 he published 1100 copies, 470 pages, of his "History of the Morison, or Morrison, Family." In 1882 he re-wrote and condensed this work for "The Highlander," a magazine printed at Inverness, Scotland. He published (1882) his com- plete "History of Windham," 1719-1882. He wrote (1882) this condensed history of Windham for tl.e "History of Rockingham and Strafford Counties.' 562 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. BisseU and Bissell's Camp.— Among the most ec- centric pei-sons who ever resided here was F. L. Bis- seU. The most romantic place was his camp, so famous when standing in its glory, and so well re- membered since its decay. The parsonage and the place have become historic. In May, 1823, F. L. Bissell, then nineteen years of age, came to Windham. He was an East Indian, or Malayan, a native of the Isle of Sumatra, and came to this country when very young. He acquired a good Engli.sh education, and was fortunate in being the heir to a large estate, which was managed by a trustee or guardian named White, of Salem, Mass. He came to this town accompanied by Maj. Dudley, a teacher of military tactics. They selected a spot and built a camp of pine boughs, having a large stone fireplace. The camp was but little higher than the ground around it. It was quickly supplied with all kinds of the choicest liquors, and with all proper food and utensils suitable for pioneer life. Thus equipped he, with Maj. Dudley and other boon companions, was ready for fishing at Mitchell's Pond and for the pur- suit of the wild game with which the woods abounded on both sides of the brook which runs from Mitchell's Pond. Then commenced the frolic, the gayety, and their dissipation. The woods resounded with the sharp report of guns, the yell of swift-running hounds, which made fljusic for that portion of the town. The novelty of the place, the strange occupants, and the odor of rum induced many to visit Bissell's Camp. Evidently it was not Bissell's intention to-be more than a temporary occupant when he first settled at the camp, but the notoriety he acquired, the throng of visitors by whom he was generally surrounded, the attractiveness of the place, and the abundance of game caused a change to come " over the spirit of his dream.'' So he made a change from what was almost a savage mode of life to one a few steps nearer civilization. The brush camp was torn away and a log house erected in its place. The latter contained two rooms, with a hall across the west end. The house was finished in the most elaborate and ele- gant manner, the walls painted with East India scenes, and the tall palm-tree was emblazoned in na- tive colors. The outside of his abode was left in the roughest possible state. A stable was built and equipped with fine horses and carriages. Money was of no account with Lis>ell, and it was scattered freely. He took a five-dollar note to light his pipe, according to report. Once while riding out he saw a large flock of geese near the road, and raising his shot-gun he blazed away at them, killing several and wounding others. He then ordered his driver to stop, and, having found the owner, he told him what he had done and asked him his price for the shot. The price (not a small one) was paid-, and Bissell went on his way rejoicing. One day one of his men went for a pail of water ; he heard the sharp crack of a gun, and looking around he saw Bissell at the door of his camp just lowering his gun from his shoulder. He was an excellent shot, and had merely put a bullet through the man's hat as he stood several rods away. Bissell had erected summer-houses, made an artifi- cial fish-pond, put a fine latticed house over his well, and had made of his abode a sort of fairy-land. He was a good penman, and embellished his writing by using, instead of black sand, what was apparently gold dust. So he lived some four years. But his days of glory, wealth, license, and pride were fast drawing to a close. His money was exhausted or withheld by his guardian. He contracted many debts, and his creditors were not slow in taking his posses- sions by due process of law, and his financial trouble caused his sudden departure from the town. He went to Vermont, and his subsequent history is unknown. The beauty of the place quickly faded after the departure of its founder, the log cabin was demolished about 1865, the summer-houses are gone, but the latticed, circular well-house still exists, the artificial pond is still there, and there are other ruinous evidences of the places where his buildings stood, but the pomp and circumstance of its early state and beauty are gone forever. Biographies. — Early settlers and later residents. David Gregg was one of the earliest settlers. He was born in Londonderry, Ireland, being the son of John Gregg, born 1655, in that place, and the grandson of Capt. David Gregg, who was in Argylshire, Scotland, and was a captain in army of Cromwell in 1655, and assisted in the conquest of the rebellious subjects in Ireland, was a tanner, and received a deed of land in Ireland from Cromwell. David Gregg, of Windham, came to Watertown, Mass., in 1712, staying nine years, then came to Windham in 1721, settling in the west part of the town. There were then hw if any white inhabitants within ten miles of him, and the woods abounded with game of all sorts. He hewed his farm from the wilderness, and after tje activities of life were over he found a quiet sjiot in which to sleep in the old cemetery on the plain. He 'was the ancestor of the GregL's of Windham. Jolin Cochran came to Londonderry in the au- tumn of 17211, and permanently located in East Wind- ham in 1730, and is the ancestor of the family of that name. He was of unadulterated Scotch blood, the son of John and Elizabeth (Arwin) Cochran, of Lon- donderry, Ireland, born there, 1704, and his father shared in the defense of that memorable city against the Catholics in 1688-89. When young Cochran came to Windham (then J.,ondonderry) the country was an almost unbroken wilderness, and he displayed great endurance and fortitude amid the hardships and privations of his life. The farm he occupied has since been in possession of his family, and is now occupied by his great-grandson, William D. Cochran. He married his cousin Jenny, daughter of Justice WINDHAM. 563 James McKeen, of Londonderry, and died at eighty- four. Their life was long and pleasant together, and side by side they rest in the cemetery on the hill. Alexander Simpson, ancestor of one branch of the AVindham family, came to Windham about 1747, and located in the southeast part of the town. He was a weaver, and could do exceedingly fine and nice work, could weave anything " where the warp was strong enough to bear the weight of his beaver hat." He married Janet Templeto;i, and died Dec. 12, 1788, at sixty-nine years. James Belton was not one of the earliest seltlers, but came about 1753. He was born in Scotland in 1727 or 1728, and died March 18, 1803! He settled in the north part of the town. He became a very active, popular, and influential citizen, was well edu- cated, and became an auctioneer, surveyor, and jus- tice of the peace. He filled all the prominent posi- tions in town, and was in 1777 an agent from the State of New Hampshire to the seat of the national government at Baltimore, and brought to the New England States a large amount of money with which to prosecute the Revolutionary war. He was the father of Hon. Silas Belton, at one time member of Congress from New Hampshire. Lieut. Samuel Morison was born in Ireland, at or near Londonderry, was the son of James Morison and Mary Wallace, of that j,lace, emigrants to Lon- donderry, N. H., in 1719. Hisgrandfatlier was John Morison, a native of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, who died in Londonderry, N. H., 1736, at the reputed age of one hundred and eight years. Lieut. Samuel Mor- . ison came to Londonderry when a lad of fifteen years, and settled in what is now Windham about 1730. He was well educated in Ireland, and became prominent in the little settlement where his lot was cast, often held public positions, was a lieutenant in a Massa- chusetts regiment at Fort Cumberland, Nova Scotia, in 1760, during the French and Indian war. He mar- ried Martha Allison, the first female child born in Londonderry, and daughter of Samuel Allison, one of the first sixteen settlers. She was born March 31, 1720, and died Dec. 3, 1761. He died Feb. 11, 1776. He is the ancestor of the Morrisons of the town. Henry Campbell came to Windham in 1733. He was born in Londonderry, Ireland, 1697, and married Martha Black in 1717. He was the son of Daniel Campbell, a descendant of Sir John Campbell, of Scotland, Duke of Argyle. Henry Campbell located in the west part of the town, and his descendants still reside upon the ancestral acres. John Dinsmoor, of Scotch blood, came from Lon- donderry, Ireland. He came to Londonderry, N. H., in 1723, and is ancestor of the Dinsmoors here. His house was in Londonderry, the front door stone being on the line between the towns. His grandson, William Dinsmoor, was a man of parts, and possessed quite a poetical gift. He was the father of Samuel Dinsmoor, of Keene, Governor of New Hampshire, 1831-33. This sketch of Windham will be closed with a no- tice of Eobert Dinsmoor, the "rustic bard." He was born in Windham, Oct. 7, 1757. He wrote much, and generally, when for. the press, in verse. He wrote in the Scotch dialect, which was spoken by many in the Scotch settlement, and understood by all, and the Scotch brogue has not been so long extinct among the descendants of the Scotch settlers but that some of the younger members of the community have listened to it with pleasure. After he had been writing poetry several years, a friend sent him a copy of Burns' poems, which he hailed with great delight, and im- mediately addressed the following verses to his favor- ite poet : " Fiiro fa' ye Uobie, canty callan, May never wae come near your dwallin'. " I've read your works wi' miickle glee ; Anid Incky nature, tliere I see, lias gi'en ye genius like a bee, To Buck the flowejs ; Where'er ye gang — weel met ye be — BUtbe bo your hours. " Let college gnippha glib Horace praise, Gie auld blin' Homer fetill the bays, An' about Virgil male' a pbiase, A guid Scotch taste Pret'ers your aiii untutor'd lays To a' their test. '*Ltt tbem lik" gauks auld Latin speak, An' blather out their brak'-jaw Greek ; Though you were born wbar bills are bleak And cauld winds blow, Au' though frae bulks nao helps ye seek, Ye ding them a"!'' In writing a letter to his friend, Hon. Silas Belton, a native of Windham, then a member of Congress, and resident of Salem, he said, — "Thoiigli Death our ancestors has clcckit, An' under clods llii-m closely steckit, AVa'Jl mark the place their chimneys reekit, Their native tuii^^ua we yet wad speok it Wi' accent glib." In a letter to his daughter he says, — " That mine is not a longer letter, The cause is not for want of matter, — Of that there's plejity, worse or better; But, like a mill . Whose stream heats back with surplus watci", Tlie wheel stands still." While plowing, liis mould-board turned over a spar- row's nest, which called forth from his pen a poem, in which is the following: "Poor innocent, hapless sparrow! .Why should my mould-board gi'e thee sorrow? This day thon'll chirp, an' mourn Iho morrow Wi' anxious breast; Tlie plough has turn'd the mould'ring furrow Deep o'er thy nest. "Just in the middle o' the lull Thy nest was placed with curious skill,— There I espy'd thy little bill Beneath the shade, — In that Bwect bower, secure frac ill, Thine eggs thou laid. 564 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. "Five corns o' maize liad there been droppit, An' through the stallts tliine head thou poppit; Tlie drawing nowt couldna' be etappit, I quiclily foun', Syne frae tliy cozie nest tlion hoppit, An' fluttering ran." He was a farmer, and cultivated the paternal acres. The Quaker poet, John G. Whittier, says, " The last time I saw him he was chaffering in the market-place of my native village.' A genial, jovial, large-hearted old man, simple as a child, and betraying neither in look nor in manner that he was accustomed to "Feed on tlioiiglita wliieli voluntary move Harmonious numbers." Peace to him ! ... In the ancient burial-ground of Windham, by the side of his " beloved Molly," and in view of the old meeting-bouse, there is a mound of earth, where every spring green grasses tremble in the wind, and the warm sunshine calls out the flowers. There, gathered like one of his own ripe sheaves, the farmer-poet sleeps with his fathers. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. LEONARD ALLISON MOKRISON. Robert C. Mack, Esq., of Londonderry, contributes the following biography : • Leonard Allison Morrison, son of Jeremiah and Eleanor Eeed (Kimball) Morrison, was born in Wind- ham, N. H., Feb. 21, 1843. His father was a leading citizen of Windham, and died Nov. 24, 1862, aged sixty-seven years. He is the sixth generation in de- scent from John Morison, a sturdy Scotchman, a native of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, who emigrated to the north of Ireland previous to 1688. At London- derry, Ireland, he participated in the heroic defense of that city, and with his wife and children and friends shared in the sacrifices, sufferings, and hor- rors of the siege, and the glory of the deliverance of that city with the triumph of the Protestant cause. He emigrated to Londonderry, N. H., about 1723, and died Feb. 16, 1736. His son, Charter James Morison, had preceded him to America in 1719, and died in 1757. The latter was the father of Lieut. Samuel Morison, who settled in Windham, who was its first' moderator, member of its first board of se- lectmen, and an honored and respected citizen, who died Feb. 11, 1776, aged seventy-two years. He was the father of Deacon Samuel Morison, the grand- father of the one whose history is here given. The mother of Mr. Morrison, an excellent woman, was the seventh generation in descent from Richard Kimball, who emigrated to America from Ipswich, England, in 1634. His maternal grandmother was Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Read, of Uxbridge 1 Ilaverliill, Mass. Mass. The latter was the fifth generation in descent from John Read, who settled in Rehoboth, Ma.ss., in 1630. Such was the blood from which sprang the subject of this sketch. His ancestor.*, paternal and maternal, were very intelligent. They were hardy, respected, and influential in their day and generation. Mr. Morrison was studious always, and at the common school and academies, which he attended, he ranked well as a scholar. He was educated in the common schools of Windham, supplemented by a few months attendance at the seminary at Tilton, N. H., and Gowanda, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y. He occupies and cultivates the ancestral and pleas- ant farm where he was born. His tastes would have led him to a collegiate course, and his capacities fitted him for a successful professional life. But circum- stances forced his life into a quieter channel. After leaving school bis spare hours were given to reading, and he often lield communion with the best writers of the language through the medium of their writings. He found continual companionship and delight in reading the best works in poetry, history, or romance. In this manner, though unkno'.vn to himself or to others, he was educating and fitting himself for the special and important work which he has done and is doing. We refer to his literary labors of the last five years. In his town he is deeply interested, and it possesses nowhere a more loyal or loving son, or one more heartily devoted to its best interests. He mingles freely in municipal affairs; having served as select- man, and for nine successive years he presided ac- ceptably in the annual town-meetings. Possessing, as he does, a commanding voice, tact, quick perceptions, and decision of character, he excels as a presiding otficer. He is therefore often called to preside in meetings in his own town and elsewhere. As a public speaker he never fails to interest his au- dience. He has the rare talent of saying the right thing at the right time, and stopping when he h.is done. If his early training had been in this direction, and the circumstances of his life favorable, he would have won distinction as a public speaker. In 1871-72 he did an important work in aiding in the establishment of the Nesmith Free Public Li- brary of two thousand volumes. In politics he is a Republican, and is a member of the Republican State Central Committee. But the most important labor of his life, that which will be looked upon with most satisfaction, is his literary work. Since 1861 he has been an occasional contributor to the newspapers. In 1878, '79, '80, he prepared a history of the Morison or Morrison family, an octavo volume of four hundred and seventy pages. An edition of eleven hundred copies were printed, published by A. Williams & Co., Boston, Mass. The labor of the work was immense, and it was peculiarly rich in ancient hist6rical lore. It received many warm encomiums from the family, and o(^, (yl . /yurr^n^-i^^i^ ^ LONDONDERRY. 5G5 was most cordially welcomed by the press, receiving many favorable reviews. Copies found their way into many of the State libraries of the country, the His- torical and Genealogical Society libraries, the college libraries, and libraries of many of the larger cities and towns. Some copies found their way to Scotland and England. This brought him a request from the editor of a magazine in Inverness, Scotland, to rewrite and condense the history, making it appropriate for the Scotch readers. This work he has nearly com- pleted. In the spring of 1880 he commenced the preparation of the History of Windham, N. H., 1719- 1883. Upon this he has since labored continuously and persistently till the present. The history is now passing through the press, and estimated to contain seven hundred or eight hundred pages. He wrote the condensed history of Windham, N. H., found in the History of Rockingham and Strafford Counties. He was enumerator of the census in 1880, and was elected a member of the New Hampshire Historical Society in June, 1882. CHAPTER LXX-XV. LONDONDERRY, 1719-1827.' The boundaries of Londonderry, as defined by the charter of June 21, 1722, included all the territory of the present towns of Londonderry, Derry, and Wind- ham, -and adjacent parts of Manchester, Hudson, and Salem. The history of these towns is one till divis- ion of the large tract became a necessity, thencefor- ward each town has its own history. As Windham was early set off, nothing pertaining to that town will be embraced in this sketch. Londonderry is the most western town in Rockingham County, is in latitude 42° 54' north, and longitude 5° 45' east from Wash- ington. It is about twenty-five miles from Concord, N. H., twenty-five from Exeter, and forty from Bos- ton, Mass. There are a few popds in town. Beaver Pond, called by the Indians " Tsienneto," is a beau- tiful sheet lying between Derry East village and the English Range. Northwest of this lie Upper and Lower Shield's Ponds in Derry, and Scoby's in Lon- donderry. Ezekiel's Pond is near the Windham line, and a part only of Island Pond lies in Derry. Beaver Brook, in the Indian tongue " Kiahiomtatie," is the only considerable stream. The surface of the ground, though broken, is not hilly. The highest elevation is probably Richey Hill, a little over one mile east of East Derry village. The original growth of oak, hickory, and chestnut is everywhere succeeded by pine. The town has always been mainly agricultural, although much of its early thrift was directly derived from the manufacture of linen cloth within its own borders, while much of its later prosperity is fn- 1 By B, C. Mack. directly derived from the manufacture of cotton in the cities of Manchester, Lowell, and Lawrence. At the time of the settlement of Londonderry, N. H., April 11, 1719, 0. S., the people of Ireland were mainly divided into three classes : the descendants of the Celtic race, which had occupied the soil from time immemorial, and who were Roman Catholics; the descendants of the English emigration of 1612 and thenceforward, and who were attached to the forms and ceremonies of the Church of England ; and the descendants of the Scotch emigration of the early part of the seventeenth century, and who held with undying tenacity to the principles of the Presbyterian Church. From^the former of these, the Irish and the English, Londonderry derived its name, and to the latter is it indebted for the hardy men and women who took possession of its virgin soil, and made set- tlements of its wooded hill-tops, its sunny slopes, and fertile vales. Name. — The Irish name of Derry had come down with the race through the long centuries prior to 1612, when the great London guilds in taking posses- sion and settling the sequestered lands granted by James I. prefixed to the old name that of their famous city. It was thus that the name of London- derry had origin, and our settlers shortly after their arrival adopted it from tlie mother-country, although the territory they selected had for some years previ- ous been known as a part of a very indefinite tract called "Nuffield." The latter name disappeared from the record early in 1722. They were termed Scotch-Irishmen. New ideas and new facts demanded new names. It was neces- sary that a people originating in the blood of one nationality and born on alien soil should have a dis- tinctive name. From this came the appellation of Scotch-Irish ; nor is it inappropriate, barring a little long-forgotten misconception of the meaning of the term. Excepting a few of English descent and au occasional Scotchman to the " manner born," the Lon- donderry settlers were of Scotch lineage, born on Irish soil ; and, although reared among and sur- rounded by the native Celt, whose origin antedated veritable history, little if anything distinctively Irish was engrafted upon the Scotch character by the an- cestral one hundred years' sojourn in Ireland. The antagonisms arising from the diversity of the races and widely differing religions, in connection with the unforgotten confiscations of James I., were more than sufficient to prevent any intermingling of bloods. The peculiar circumstances th3,t surrounded the Scotch- Irish kept them as homogeneous a race as was that of their contemporaries in Scotland, who had never taken departure from their native heaths of Argyle- shire. In this respect their isolation from the Cath- olic Irish was as complete as if an ocean rolled be- tween them. Cause of Emigration, — The motives that led the Scotch-Irish emigrant of 1719 to sunder all ties 566 HISTOKY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Tvith his native land and make for himself a new home in the wilderness were widely diflerent from those which impel the emigrant of to-day. The former, in the assured hope of securing freedom of conscience and religious liberty, was willing to take his chance in worldly matters. The .latter reverses this order, and for the sake of worldly advantage he is willing to imperil his religious interests. Eev. James McGregor, one of the Londonderry emigrants, and their pastor the last ten years of his life, gives the following reasons for their removal to America : " 1st. To avoid oppressive and cruel bondage. 2d. To shun persecution and designed ruin. 3d. To withdraw from the communion of idolaters. 4th. To have an opportunity of worshiping God according , to the dictates of conscience and the rules of his inspired Word." Emigration. — The settlers of Londonderry left their native Ireland late in the spring or early in the summer of 1718, and arrived at Boston, Mass., Au- gust 4th of that year. As they were embarking on hoard tlie ship at Belfast that was to convey them across the sea, an old lady of the kith and kin of the emigrants, too far advanced in life to encounter the perils of the deep, gave them her parting blessing : " Go, and God be wi' ye a' but Willie Humphrey, and he'll be smart enough to take care of himself." The winter following their arrival in Boston was spent in the harbor of Falmouth, now Portland, Me., under great privations for want of shelter and food, so much so that the great and General Court of Mas- sachusetts aided them to the amount of one hundred bushels of meal. Some late changes in the waters of Casco Bay, near the anchorage of their vessel, have revealed among other things a stone fireplace built by them and used in cooking their food during their sojourn there. To Nutfield.— Leaving Falmouth April 1, 1719, they retraced their steps toward Boston as far as Haverhill, Mass., where they arrived the next day. Here they remained a few days awaiting the selection of land for a township by their agent, James McKean, grandfather of Joseph McKean, first president of Bowdoin College. This done and a portion of the Nutfield or Chestnut territory determined upon, a part of the resolute company on the morning of April 11, 1719, saddled their horses and struck out into the pathless wilderness in search of their future homes, taking their route over " Providence Hill," in what is now Salem, N. H. Another small company under the guidance of Eev. James McGregor, who had spent the previous winter at Dracut, Mass., engaged in teaching, left that place, and, taking their line of travel up Beaver Brook, joined, by previous arrangement, the Haverhill party near the southern shore of Beaver Pond. Settlement.— Tying their horses at the foot of the hill, ever since known by the name of Horse Hill, they made survey of the surroundings on foot. They passed around the western end of the pond and along its northern shore, arriving at its most eastern ex- tremity a little after noon. Here, under the spread- ing branches of a stately oak, one of the ancient lords of the soil, they rested their weary limbs, grati- fied their religious feelings, and fortified their faith by listening to a discourse from their future pastor, Eev. Mr. McGregor. Eeturning to their horses, they took a southerly direction to the northern side of a brook, to which they gave the name of West Eunning Brook. Here they kindled their first fire beside a rock on land now owned by James M. Batchelder, and en- camped for the night. The following day, after a sermon by Mr. McGregor, they made their way back to Haverhill to bring on their families, leaving two young men, John Gregg, son of Capt. James Gregg, and Andrew Walker, to pre-empt the soil and guard their hastily constructed camp. They left a gun and ammunition for their protection and three days' provi- sion for their sustenance. Some unforeseen circum- stances prevented the return of the settlers at the al- lotted time, and the young men fell into peril for want of food. In a few days, however, sixteen men with their families arrived upon the ground, took occu- pancy of the soil, and the work began in earnest. First Families. — The names of these men are as follows : James McKean, John Barnett, Archibald Clendenin, John Mitchell, James Starrett, James An- derson, Randal Alexander, Robert Weir, James Gregg, James Clark, James Nesmith, Allen Ander- son, John Morrison, Samuel Allison, Thomas Steele, and John Stuart. Rev. Edward L. Parker, a careful and judicious writer, in his excellent "History of Londonderry," says, — "These pioneers of the settlement were most of them men in middle life, robust, persevering, and adventurous, well suited to encounter the toils and endure the hardships of such an undertaking. Mo.st of them attained to advanced age. They lived to see their descendants settled around them and the forest converted into a fruitful field. The average age of thirteen of the number was seventy-nine years, six attained to nearly ninety, and two surpassed it. John Morrison, the oldest of this company, lived to the ad- vanced age of ninety-seven years." First Land Laid Out in Londonderry.— This was without doubt granted by the Massachusetts Colony to the Indian sagamore Passaconnaway, of Penna- cook, now Concord, N. H., upon his petition of March 8, 1662, and was surveyed March 27, 1663. It was a tract three miles square, and as it extended one mile and a half east of the Merrimac Eiver, opposite the northern' part of the town, must have included a part of Londonderry. The second grant was by Massachusetts to the pro- prietors of "Old Dunstable," Oct. 16, 1673. This must have overlapped the territory afterwards Lon- donderry, as its most " eastern line ran within sight of Beaver Brook." LONDONDERRY. 567 " Leverett's Farme."— This " farme" was the third grant in order of time, and was to John Leverett, Gov- ernor of the Massachusetts Colony from 1673 to 1679. It was a " Wilderness Farme" of one thousand acres, and was situated between what is now Ezekiel's Pond, in Derry, and the Dock. A bridge and the meadows there still bear his name. There is some evidence that the Governor sent parties to colonize the grant, but the enterprise failed. Wheelwright Deed.— The deed of Col. John Wheelwright to the proprietors, Oct. 20, 1719, first gave bounds to the territory. It conveyed a tract of land not exceeding ten miles square, bounded on the | north by Cheshire, on the east by Haverhill, on the south by Dracut, and on the west by Dunstable. The settlers had, however, taken possession of the soil on the principle of " squatter sovereignty" six months before, under encouragement from Governor Shute, of Massachusetts, in accordance with a numer- ously signed petition of the " Inhabitants of ye North of Ireland," dated March 26, 1718. The First Crops raised by the emigrants were potatoes and flax. They had brought their seed and spinning-wheels from Ireland, and were the first to cultivate the potato and manufacture linen in New England. They appear to have cultivated land in common the summer after their arrival, as there is a tract known by the name of the " Common Field," containing about two and one-half acres, situated a few rods west of the dwelling-house of Mr. Jonathan Cate, in Derry. It was undoubtedly a clearing, and may have been an aibandoned planting-ground of the Indians, who were gradually retiring to deeper shades of the wilderness in the wilds of Canada. Allotment of Lands, — Before the settlers received the deed from Wheelwright three lots of land had been laid out:, the " Common Field," April 18, 1719, only seven days from their arrival ; James McKean's home lot, August, 1719; and Robert Wears' home lotof sixty acres, also August, 1719. For some reason no more land was assigned till the following year, when nearly all the one hundred and five home lots were laid out, most of them in the summer and autumn. After- ward, when the town came to receive its charter from the Legislature, several gentlemen residing in Ports- mouth, N. H., then called "Strawberry Bank," were admitted as proprietors, making in all about one hun- dred and twenty-five- grantees of the town. The proprietors designated their difl^erent divisions of land as "Home lots, 2d, 3d, and 4th divisions, amendment land, and meadows." The former were sixty acres each, while the other lands varied very much in size. The lots assigned to each proprietor by the com- mittee are designated by the name of home lots sec- ond, third, and fourth divisions, addition land, amend- ment land, and meadows. The home lots were sixty acres each, the second divisions forty acres amendment land, " to make up to every proprietor what his Home Lot wanted in quality to make equal with what was termed ' The Precept.' " The Precept was the home lot of John Stuart, agreed upon as a fair average of lots, and to this all others were compared. If a pro- prietor deemed his sixty acres of less value than John Stuart's lot, and the lot-layers concurred in this opinion, they laid out to hira amendment land in quantity sufficient to equalize his interest. The second division was made as soon as the set- tlers began to feel themselves " straitened for want of room." At first no reserve was made for land for roads, and this oversight was remedied by laying out tracts isolated from the home farm in lieu of land taken for highways. The meadows were of great value, for it was fron^ them that the settlers for a long time obtained the means of keeping their cattle and horses. Every proprietor therefore had a small piece of meadow as- signed to him, and it often happened that it was located many miles from his home lot. The quan- tity of this sort of land allotted to each one varied from one-quarter of an acre to one and a half acres. The rule adopted was that each proprietor should have land enough to yield " three small loads of hay." These meadows must have had astonishing fertility, as many of them yield great burdens after undergo- ing the discipline of one hundred and sixty-three years' cropping without the smallest return. Double Range. — ;From a fragmentary record in the first volume of the proprietors' books it appears that the first lots were laid out in the Double Range, situated within the present bounds of Derry, on both sides of West-Running Brook. There are about thirty lots in this range, and are one mile long north and south, and thirty rods wide. The committee began at the line, as claimed by Haverhill, on the south side of the brook, at the eastern end of the range, assigning the first lot probably to "William Humphrey, and passing westerly down the brook, the third lot fell to Jonathan Tyler, the south part of which became the property of Archibald Stark shortly after, and on which Gen. John Stark was born, Aug. 28, 1728. John Stuart's lot, "The Precept," was the most eastern one north of the brook of this range, and was situated a few rods east of the present residence of Col. George W. Lane, once known as the Prentice, or Gen. Derby place. The settlers built their cabins very near together, the north side of the range build- ing at the south end of their lots, and the south side at the north end, the brook running between, secur- ing in this way an advantage in case, of an attack from the Indians. Back Range. — The range known on the records as the Back Range cons'isted of some half a dozen lots, and in this and the northern part of the Double Range is situated the present village of East Derry, and is the place selected by the emigrants as the si!e of their first meeting-house. 563 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. English Range.— The English Eange, of about twenty lots, lies north of Beaver Pond, the long lines running northeast from the pond, six of which abut upon its waters. This range took its name from the fact that several of the proprietors of English de- scent had their lands assigned in that locality. Among them were John Goffe, first town clerk, and his son, John GofFe, Jr., afterwards quite prominent in the civil, ecclesiastical, and military history of the State. The most northwestern lot of this range was laid out to James Rogers, father of Maj. Robert Rogers, th© ranger, who was born here. Aiken's Range. — The Aiken's Range, of seven lots, derived its name from the three or four families ,of that name that settled there. At the west end of this range John Bell, the emigrant ancestor of this honored family, had his home lot and second division laid out together, making one hundred acres in all. The South Range of a few lots adjoined the Double Range on the south near the Windham line. All these ranges are within the present town of Derry ; and in the east part of this town several lots were laid out to Portsmouth proprietors, and Governor Wentworth's three-hundred-acre farm in the locality, known as " Derry Dock.'' James C. Taylor, Esq., is now the owner of part of this farm. Governor Shute's charter farm of five hundred acres was laid in Windham, and other land in that town to a considerable extent was assigned to the Londonderry proprietors, but was mainly amendment or other lands than home lots. In the present town of Londonderry the Ayers' Range and the High Range were regularly laid out, the lots of the former being uniform in size and shape with those of Derry. Excepting the seven Ayers' "Range lots, the greater part of the present town of Londonderry was laid out as second division amendment and highway lands in very large tracts, amounting in some instances to over four hundred acres. As the original charter bounds of Londonderry covered considerable portions of the city of Man- chester, extending a mile across Hanover Street, a range of several lots, termed Blaisdel's Range, was laid out by the Londonderry committee. This range extended from Nutt's Pond to a point about one mile northeast of the City Hall. On this land, or near it, is the site of a fort built for the protection of the set- tlers there. It was at the outlet of Nutt's Pond, then Swager's Pond, and called Stark's Fort in compliment to Archibald Stark, who was efficient in building and garrisoning it. Large tracts of land were laid out for the support of the ministry. They were called " Ministerials." The laud assigned to the West Parish, or that part of the town called Canada, was laid out Nov. 6, 1729, on one of the highest hills in what is now London- derry, and contained one hundred and twenty acres. The next year a ministerial was allotted to the old parish church, now East Derry, of fifty -four acres. In 1744 new bounds were given to it, and six acres added. Most of this land is now owned by Hon. William H. Shepard. The ministerial land for the parish of Windham was situated near " Cobbit's Pond," and was laid out in 1744, and contained fifty- five acres. Incorporation. — The long-pending dispute between New Hampshire and Massachusetts in reference to the lines between these States occasioned the London- derry settlers much inconvenience. The latter State refused to incorporate the town, and it was not until June 21, 1722, more than three years after the settle- ment, that the New Hampshire Court granted a charter, although "humbly petitioned" to that effect as early as Sept. 23, 1719. Probably the colonists were hindered in their at- tempts to secure town privileges by a misconception of their character on the part of the State govern- ments. They were supposed to be Irish Roman Catholics. Notwithstanding this* the colony thrived. Before the first of the autumnal months had closed fifty-four families from Ireland and elsewhere, in addition to the original sixteen, " did sit down in Nuffield," and the work of settlement went rapidly on. Cabins were built, the forests were leveled, roads were marked out, and obstructions cleared away. There were no idlers in the new colony; labor, skill, and enterprise soon brought their usual reward.' Encroachers. — A large tract of land, some three or four miles wide, along the whole eastern border of the town and within its chartered limits, was claimed by Haverhill people under the old Massachusetts grant, and it was not till the settlement of the State lines in 1740-41 that the border warfare ceased. The Lon- donderry residents within that claim were arrested and confined in Massachusetts jails, and on .the other band many arrests were made of the " Haverhill squatters," and much litigation followed. Many charges like the following are to be found on the old Counter's books : " To Jolme Barnet six days -watch- ing prisoners l^^O." Nor was the comfort of these prisoners neglected. Gabriel Barr was paid for thir- teen days guarding prisoners at Mudget's house and furnishing them "Board, Rhum, and Vitals.'' The town also sutfered much annoyance from people living on its western borders, along the Litchfield and Not- tingham-West lines, claiming lands under the old Dunstable grant. Location of Proprietors. — Th« fir3t lot in the Eng- lish Range was laid out to David Cargill, Sr. It is now owned by Mr. Tucker. The house just taken down by him was the residence of the late Robert McMurphy. It was the third framed house built in the settlement. The second lot was assigned to Sam- uel Houston. Mr. Samuel Clark is now the owner. Houston was the father of Rev. John, the Bedford loyalist. No one lives on the next original lot. It was called Governor Wentworth's " home lot." His LONDONDERRY. 569 early .ind steadfast friendship for the settlers was ap- preciated, and partly repaid in recorded thanks, gifts of salmon, linen cloth, and other very large lots of land. The fourth lot was laid out to Col. John Wheel- wright, the grantor of the famous deed. There has been much learned discussion relative to the validity of the Indian deed of his ancestor, dated May 17, 1629. The weight of legal evidence of late years ap- pears to sustain the will. The next three lots suc- cessively were Edward Proctor's, Benjamin Kidder's, and John, Gray's. Samuel Marshall lives on the lot of Joseph Kidder. Mr. Morill resides on John GofF's lot ; Mr. Seavey on the lot of S. Graves ; Mr. Na- thaniel Palmer on John Combe's. Matthew Clark's and James Lindsay's lots are now the Cheever place. Mr. Sefton lives on James Lesley's lot, John Baker on John Anderson's, George Choate on James Blair's, and George AV. Dickey owns tlie lots of John Blair, James Moor, John Shields, and James Rogers. It was on this last lot where the famous Robert Rogers, the Indian fighter, was born. The lots of Simonds, Keyes, Robie, and Senter lie northwest of Beaver Pond. Rev. B. F. Parsons resides on William Coch- ran's lot, and the other Cochran lots lie on the north of that. In the Aiken's Range, James Aiken's lot is now the Bradford place. William Aiken's is now the Carr place. John Folsom owns the Edward Aiken lot. John Wallace lived where the late David II. Pinkerton resided. He was a man of great prominence in the early history of the town. His lands are still held by his descendants. The lots of B. Wilson and Andrew Todd are owned by Joseph R. Clark. Col. Todd was a n)an of much influence in the town. His brother-in-law, John Bell, lived On the next lot west, and shared with others the honor and responsibility of organizing the new settlement. The land of the seven lots of the Ayers' Range lies mostly in Londonderry, while the settlers' houses were nearly all situated in what is now Derry. At the north side was David Morrison's lot, now Mrs. James MacMurphy's, then Samuel Morrison's, now A. McMurphy's. The last lot came near to the mill, now Home's, and was laid out to "John McClurg, Elizabeth Wilson, and Mary, her daughter." It is a singular fact that in this family occurred the first and last death among the proprietors. Mr. Wilson died in Boston, January, 1721, less than two years after the first settlement, and four months after his land was allotted to him. His widow, " Eliza- beth (Fulton) Wilson, and Mary, lier daugliter," were allowed all further rights; and Mary, born, according to the record, on board a pirate ship on the passage over, July 28, 1720, lived till Feb. 13, 1814,— an in- terval between the death of the first and last pro- prietor of ninety-three years. " Ocean-born Mary" was the grandmother of Hon. George W. Patterson, of New York, and the late Capt. Thomas Patterson, of Londonderry. William Humphrey, Jonathan Tyler, Alexander Nichols, John Barr, all had lots near Humphrey's Hill, in Derry. James McKeon's lot was a little west of these, where Mrs. W. Hixon lives. He had large influence in the colony. Mr. W. O. Noyes resides on James Morrison's lot. He was the ancestor of Leon- ard A. Morrison, the historian of the Morrison family and of Windham. Following the order of the lot-layers going west, there were in the south part of the Double Range ten lots assigned to men of whom not much is known. On the north side of this range Jonathan Gate lives, on Capt. James Gregg's lot. He was probably the most wealthy of all the emigrants. Henry Humphrey lives on a part of the Gregg lands. Miss Jennie Clark resides on the lot of her ancestor, James Clark. Mrs. Thomas Pillsbury lives on the Allen Anderson place. The lots of John Morrison, Samuel Allison, Thomas Steel, and John Stuart were united to make the Prentice estate, now Col. George W. Lane's. Around no place in old Londonderry cluster more historic memories. The original owners were all men of note. John Morrison was the father of Jona- than, the first-born male child in Londonderry, and who in the next generation enjoyed with Capt. Samuel Allison the honor of being the best public speaker in town. John Morrison's daughter, Elizabeth, married William Smith, of Peterboro', N. H., and become mother of Hon. Jeremiah Smith, one of the most gifted of the sons of New Hampshire. Hon. Samuel Livermore lived in a stone house on the place, just opposite the mansion of Col. Lane. Hon. John Prentice, who came after him, built the main part of the present house. Besides these several other eminent men made their homes here. Two judges of the highest court in New Hampshire were born on the place, — Arthur Livermore and Charles Doe. John Richey settled on the Nowell place, and the widow of Calvin Morrison lives on one of the lots originally Rev. James McGregor's. It is well known that here was built the first framed house in town. The Montgomery lot is now Mr. Beede's, and Mr. Rand lives on the Alexander McNeil place. George McMurphy resides on the lot of John McMurphy, Esq., a man of much note in his day. This is one of the only two places in the old township now owned by descendants of the original proprietors and in the same name, the other being James Clark's. Robert Boye's lot was next east from McMurphy's. His house was burned in 1733, while he was absent in Ireland seeking for a minister. Hon. W. H. Shepard owns and occupies the land of John McNeil, who re- moved early to Derryfield, and William Campbell re- sided between there and Beaver Pond. In the South Range were the Wilson lots and the lot of John More, who was born in a malt-kiln the night after the mas- sacre of Glencoe, 1692. Dismemberment of the Town. — The original township of Londonderry has been divided into 570 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. several parts. Windham, including a part of Salem, was detached Feb. 12, 1742, and upon the incorpora- tion of Derryfield, now Manchester, Sept. 3, 1751, a large tract along its northern border was taken off and added to that town. March 6, 1778, another part of Londonderry was cut off and united to Notting- ham West, now Hudson, by act of the New Hamp- shire Legislature. July 2, 1827, the remaining part of the old town was divided by the incorporation of Derry. Earthquake, — " On Tuesday, Nov. ye 18, 1755, at foure o'clock in the morning & ten minutes there was an Extrornary Shock of an Earthquake, & continuous afterwards with smaller shocks." It is said that bricks were thrown from the top of the chimney of the Gregg house, now Mr. Gate's. Town and Parish Records.— Much interest apper- tains to these various records. All the early records of the East Parish Society, now East Derry, and the early church records of the West Parish, now Lon- donderry. The former were found a few years ago, and again lost; the latter were loaned during the pastorate of Rev. J. R. Adams to Rufus Ghoate, the eminent lawyer, and are said to have been burned with the Goncord, Mass., court-house a few years ago. The books of the Gongregational Ghurch formed in East Parish after the settlement of Rev. Jonathan Bow are now at the rooms of the New Hampshire Historical Society at Concord, N. H. The following are some of the many curiosities of these records : Oct. 3, 1727. " Thomas Smith being cited doth appear, & John Morrison & John Mitchel being called doth witness that they saw him get several beaver skins of the Indians for Rum without their value." 1730. " Voted that the town hath agreed to let Hugh Wil- son be prosecuted for an idler." 1730, 8th article in town warrant. "To see what the town will do with John More." Record. " Deferred by reason John More is dead." Fisheries. — The charter of Londonderry inclosed a strip of land extending from the northwest corner of the main body of the town, one mile wide and three miles long. From that point the course was "N.N.E. three miles, then E.S.E. one mile, then S.S.W. to the S.W. angle of Chester." It extends across Hanover Street in the city of Manchester one mile northerly to the place known as the Hall Place. The bill as originally drawn for a charter gave these long lines a north-northwest direction, thus including Amoskeag Falls, but for some unexplained reason the bill was engrossed giving these lines a north-northeast course. The object of this singular addition to the territory of the town was to secure the Amoskeag fisheries at the falls, then of very great value to the people of Londonderry as a means of sustenance, hard pressed as they often were for the necessaries of life before their small clearings afforded a comfort- able living. In this way Londonderry lost possession of these valuable fishing-grounds. They nevertheless asserted their rights, and wei-e measurably successful in maintaining them. It is an indication that the fishery was of mnch consequence to the people that one of the earliest roads was laid out to "Amraosceag Falls." There were a large number of rocks among the surging waters of the falls that offered favorable opportunities for catching fish. These places were highly prized, and the strifes of the bold, courageous, and athletic men contending for them, adde(} to the foaming waters rushing around the rocks, often occasioned accidents, many of which were fatal. " Todd Gut'' derived its name from the fact that John Todd, son of Gol. Andrew Todd, was drowned there while fish- ing in company with his cousin, John Bell, of Lon- donderry. Before the dams were built at Lawrence, Mass., vast quantities of shad, alewives, and eels were annually caught, and often a fine salmon. This royal fish must have been abundapt, as many charges are found on the town books like the following: "To John Goffe, Jr., for 98 lbs. salmon at £10 4«. Od.;" "To Hugh Morrison, for carrying salmon to Ports- mouth, £1 10s. Od." If a favor was to be asked of the Governor, some prominent man was dispatched to Portsmouth on horseback with a salmon in his saddle- bags for his Excellency. Large quantities of fish were taken at Thornton's Ferry. Within the memory of living persons, many families regarded their barrel of ! shad of equal importance with their barrel of beef or pork. , AVith the settler fish was a healthy and grate- ful change from the inevitable samp and barley broth, which was their staple diet. Indian History. — From some cause, not fully un- derstood, the town suffered but little in the various Indian wars that distressed the people of other towns of New Hampshire. It is not knowji that a single person from Londonderry lost his life at the hand of the savage tribes that carried desolation and death to many homes in the State. Parker ascribes this ex- emption " to the influence of the Rev. Mr. McGregor with the Marquis de Vaudreuil, the French Governor of Canada. It is said they were classmates at college, that a correspondence was maintained between them, and that at the request and representation of his for- mer friend the Governor caused means to be used for the protection of the. settlement." Probably the Wheelwright deed had much to do in saving the settlers from harm, as the following incident from the legends of the town would indicate. Shortly after the arrival of the settlers an Indian who evidently had enough of the English language at com- mand to be able to talk, read, and write came along from out his forest haunts and demanded by what right the Scotch-Irish had planted themselves on that spot. The reply was that all the territory then in possession of the new-comers had been bought for a consideration, and that they held a good, valid deed from the Indians, which was on record at Portsmouth. The Indian sud- denly disappeared and was never seen again. The LONDONDERRY. 571 next Sunday, however, traces of a camp were found a little south of the church in tlie present cemetery, and it was conjectured that an ambush and a massacre had been avoided in consequence of the Indian going to Portsmouth and seeing the record above alluded to, and returning to his companions with the intelligence. A further illustration of the friendliness of the In- dian tribes is related as occurring in the family of Arch- ibald McMurphy, Esq., who lived in the north part of the West Parish, on the farm known as the David R. Leach place. McMurphy and wife, one Sunday when two miles on' their way to church, met eight Indians going to Amoskeag, and in the direction of their house, where were several small children. The mother became alarmed, and proposed to turn imme- diately back to protect their helpless family. The father replied that the Indians were too strong for them, and asked her what she could do. Said she, " I can die with the weans if I can't do better." On their way back they found the remains of a deer, and on their arrival home the savages were broiling and roasting the venison and giving the young McMur- phys a delicious repast. Notwithstanding all this, Londonderrry furnished at different times men and means to assist in repelling the incursions of the " In'dian enemy." There were three men from the town in the famous expedition of Capt. John Lovewell to the Pigwacket country in 1725, — John Goffe, Jr., subsequently Col. Goffe, Ben- jamin Kidder, his brother-in-law, and Edward Link- field. Kidder was taken sick, and was left at a fort by the company at Ossipee Lake. Goffe, with several others, also remained at the fort. Linkfield alone of the three was in the fight which took place May 19th. He was one of the nine that received no considerable wound, and, with Goffe and Kidder, returned home in safety. In the summer of 1745, Capt. Peter Pattee, of Londonderry, "scouted the woods with a small company of cavalry," and the next year Capt. Sam- uel Barr with seventeen men performed a like service. Capt. Andrew Todd also ranged the woods in July, 1746, with twenty-two men. During the year 1755 the town furnished many men at Crown Point, and enlistments were made in 1757 and 175S. In the ex- pedition to Canada in 1760 Londonderry was largely represented. The town furnished one company at Louisburg in 1745. It was under command of Capt. John Moor. Garrison-Houses. — Notwithstanding Londonderry dwelt in comparative security from Indian attacks, a few garrison houses were built, to which the people could repair should danger impend.' The house of Capt. James Gregg, near the mill, was a garrison, and also the house of Samuel Barr, now Mr. Thwyng's. The town paid for a "flanker"' round Rev. Mr. Mc- Gregor's dwelling, and there were other garrisons in the East Parish. In the West Parish a garrison stood on the spot where now stands the house of Jonathan W. Eeabody. Mr. John A. Plumer, who was born in the old house, remembers, when a boy, of looking through the holes cut in the immense tim- bers, through which an assailed party could thrust their guns. John Woodburn, a proprietor who died in 1780, is said to have lived in a garrison-house. Town's stock of bullets and ammunition. In June, 1718, the province of New Hampshire enacted a law requiring towns to keep on hand one barrel of good powder, two hundredweight of bul- lets, three hundred flints for every sixty ,listed sol- diers for use in case of an Indian attack. London- derry obeyed the law of the land and always had a full supply of the required ammunition. A few of the bullets are still kept and ready for use. There are payments recorded in the town books like the following : " To Daniel McAfee for making bulits, £0 4s. Orf." " To James Alexander for lead for bulits, £0 2s. Orf." People were paid for taking charge of the town stock. By vote of the town at one time the stock of powder was stored in the attics of the meeting- houses, a pleasant and useful place in case of light- ning during church services. " 1745, voted to buy two barrels of gunpowder and lodge one-half in the old meeting-house and the other half in the new." Early Grist-Mills. — Capt. James Gregg built a grist-mill in 1722, in what is now Derry village, probably on the spot where the mill of W. W. Poor now stands. This is usually regarded as the first in town. There is, however, a record on the town books indicating that the mill of David Cargill, at the eastern extremity of Beaver Pond, may have an earlier date. It is the record of the road running along north of the pond from Samuel Marshall's house to George McMurphy's, dated Feb. 13, 1720. The road crosses " the brook below Capt. Cargill's grist-mill." The Gregg mill was long kept in tha/t family, but since it passed to other hands has had many owners. In Londonderry the mill privilege of E. C. Kendall has been improved as such since about June 1, 1731. At that time the proprietors granted it to Benjamin Wilson, who built the first mill. It has since been known as Moor's mills and Goss' mills, and now Ken- dall's. Mills were first built in the northeastern part of Londonderry, where the Manter mills now are, by David McAfee. Early Saw-Mills.— A grant of land was made by the proprietors June 17, 1719, to Robert Boyes, James Gregg, Samuel Graves, and Joseph Symonds, on con- dition that they should build a saw-mill upon Beaver River (Brook), to be ready some time in the month of September of that year. The "privilege of the stream was also granted to them and their heirs for- ever, from the foot of the falls to the upper end of Beaver pond, and James Gregg to build a grist-mill on said stream." It is not known just what time this saw-mill was built, but it must have been before Feb. 20, 1720, as the road between the two villages was laid out at that date, " beginning at the bridge below the 572 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. saw-mill." William Gregg .was paid in 1721 four pounds for sawing boards for the meeting-house. In 1721 a grant of the privilege of Aiken's Brook and one acre of land was made to the proprietaries in Aiken's Range, on condition that they should build a saw- mill. This mill must have stood where is now the mill of Washington Perkins. Home's mill is on the same stream, lower down. Highways— First Road.— The following is the record of the laying out of road between the villages : " Feb. 13, 1720. A byway laid out from the bridge below the Sawmill, from thence running sou-easterly by Mr. Gregg's hous, from thence turning more east- erly, along by James Clark's new hous, & so up by ' James Neasmath's & so along as the old way as far as the east corner of Robert Wear's fence." There is no authority given for this, but Dec. 16, 1725, the select- men of that year indorsed it, -and added, said road to be " two rods wide & to be open & common without gates & bars." Tiie English Range road from George W. Dickey's to Samuel Marshall's, and along the north of the pond to George McMurphy's, was laid out about the same time. The road to " Ammasceegg Falls" was first laid out by Capt. James Gregg and William Aiken in 1724. But a small part of this road is now in use. The roads from the East Church in Derry to the pond, and that running south by the cemetery, and also the highway across the Double Range south of West Run- ning Brook were all worked out by the selectmen June 1, 1723. The Aiken's Range road, Nov. 6, 1723, to be four rods wide across the Aiken lots, and two through the village to the mill. The Chester road was laid out Nov. 17, 1723. The highway be- tween Derry village and the depot, and thence to William P. Nevin's land in Londonderry, three rods wide, was laid out In 1737. Many of the leading highways in Derry were laid out in 1723 and the two or three years following. The Londonderry turnpike was built in 1806, In Londonderry the laying of roads began June 19, 1730, at John Duncan's house, now William Clark's. The road running east to meet the Aiken's Range road was laid out at that time. Jan. 31, 1740, was laid out the highway by Aaron P. Hardy's house, north and south, and west by the graveyard. No roads over the old graveyard hill were laid out till 1739, although there must have been much travel there. The road from W. P. Nevin's land, running west by the house of John Gilcreast to Mason Boyd's house, three rods wide, was laid out in 1737, and the main road across Londonderry, east and west to Litchfield, in 1744 and 1745, and from Dinsmore's Corner north to the Baptist Church in 1745. The Mammoth road was built in 1831. Some laid-out highways were never built, and many years elapsed before even the main portion of them were anything but bridle-paths. In the last hundred years great improvement has been made in both towns in widening and straightening. Wild Animals. — The early settlers of Londonderry found the forests alive with many kinds of game. Deer and bears were abundant. A moose killed in the West Parish gave name to a hill there of five hun- dred feet elevation. For more than sixty years the town elected men to " prevent the killing of deer out of season." Bounties were paid on wolves' heads, and as late as the Revolution people brought their sheep to the fold every night to guard against the depreda- tions of this fierce animal. Many stories relate en- counters with bears. Probably the last one killed was in 1807. It took fifty men and three days' time to capture him. He weighed two hundred pounds dressed, and his skin afforded the party a whisky- punch and a jollification. Domestic Animals, — Horses were common in town from the first settlement. The earliest accounts record payments similar to the following : " To Abel Merrill for money due from the town and horse hire, £0 12s. Od. To James Nesmith for his horse £0 8s. Od." There was constant use for horses in "going to y° Bank," — that is, Portsmouth, — with salmon and cloth for the State ofiicials, and in " going down for the elements of the Sacrament ;" and the long distances that had to be gone over by most of the people every Sunday in attending meeting needed the services of this useful animal. Deacon James Reid, the father of Gen. George Reid, lived in the locality called Kilrea, on the extreme southern border of Derry, but was airways a regular attendant at the West Parish Church. The McClary family never failed to appear at church in the East Parish, although theit resi- dence was in the west part of Londonderry, near the present site of the Baptist Church. Large numbers traveled equally as far to their places of worship, and were constant in their attendance.' Just what time oxen came into general use is not known. The fol- lowing extract from the records, dated March, 1722 -23, would indicate that cows at least were abundant, possibly too much so: "Voted that all persons shall have the liberty to bring in cattle to the town, so as to make up the number of six with his own cattle and no ?nore, and those that have cattle of their own have the liberty to bring the number of ten if they bring a bull with them, otherwise to bring in no more." Hogs were plenty and troublesome, and were allowed to run at large, requiring a by-law that com- pelled their owners to yoke them. 1722, " voted that hogs shall be yoked from the 20th of March to the last of October." The people were often called upon to entertain the Governor and other gentlemen high in office, and when salmon or venison were out of sea- son a sheep or lamb was brought to the block. Exempt Farms. — A few of the Londonderry set- tlers who were in the siege of Londonderry, Ireland, 1688-89, and who took an important part in the defense of the city, were, in common with all the soldiers en- gaged there, exempted from taxation by an act of the British Parliament. This exemption continued down LONDONDERRY. 573 to the Revolution, which terminated all the authority of England here. Among the exempts were Rev. Matt. Clark, John Barr, William Caldwell, Abraham Blair, and James Wilson. There were probably more, but their names are unknown. James Wilson lived on the Proctor place, now Mr. Palmer's. Slaves. — There were a few slaves in town before the Revolution. The census of 1773 enumerated twelve male and thirteen female persons of this class. Rev. Mr. Davidson had two, mother and daughter, named " Poll and Moll." In the West Parish, Deacon James Thompson and Thomas Wallace held property of this kind. The latter owned a negro boy, for whom he had paid one hundred dollars. Toney made a raft and went for a ride on the flowed meadow of the " fourtcen-acre meadow brook." The craft proving unsafe, Toney, in fpar of drowning, shouted to his owner to come and help him and save his one hun- dred dollars. Revolution. — Londonderry was not behind other towns of New Hampshire in carrying the burdens imposed upon them by the war of the Revolution. The town entered early into the conflict with men and means, and held resolutely on till the long and severe contest with England was terminated in the treaty of peace in 1783. Mr. Parker, in his history, says, " When the news came that Gen. Gage was marching troops into the interior, New Hampshire at once took up arms and hastened to the scene of action. Twelve hundred of her sons instantly re- paired to Charlestown and Cambridge. Among these was a company from Londonderry. The tidings had no sooner reached the town than the whole com- munity were seized with a warlike frenzy. A num- ber of men, dropping instantly their implements of husbandry, hastened to spread the news, and in a few hours all who could bear arms were assembled on the common at the meeting-house. They were prepared to act. From the two companies of militia in town a large company of volunteers was at once formed. They started instantly on being organized, their pro- visions, ammunition, and whatever was necessary for their encampment and future wants being afterwards forwarded by express. The roll of this company is as follows: George Reid, captain ; Abraham Reid, first lieutenant; James Anderson, second lieutenant; John Patten, quartermaster - sergeant ; Daniel Miltimore, John Nesmith, Robert Burnet, John Mackey, ser- geants; James McCluer, Robert Boyer, Joshua Thompson, George McMurphy, corporals; Robert Burke, drummer; Thomas Inglis, lifer; Matthew Anderson, Robert Adams, Samuel Ayers, Hugh Alexander, John Anderson, Alexander Brown, Wil- liam Boyd, John Campbell, Thomas Campbell, Peter Christie, Solomon Collins, Stephen Chase, William Dickey, James Duncan, Samuel Dickey, John Fer- guson, John Head, Asa Senter, Samuel Houston, Jonathan Holmes, Peter Jenkins, John Livingstone, Huo-h Montgomery, John Morrison, James Morrison, Joseph Mack, Martin Montgomery, Robert McMur- phy, William McMurphy, William Moore, Robert Mack, David McClary, Archibald Mack, James Nes- mith, James Nesrnith, Jr., William Parker, Joshua Reid, William Rowell, Thomas Roach, Abel Senter, James Stinson, Samuel Senter, Samuel Thompson, John Vance, Hugh Watts, Thomas Wilson, John Patterson, Henry Parkinson, Samuel Stinson, John Smith, Richard Cressey, and James Moore, and six men from Windham, privates. Lieut. Reid was of Windham. As William Adams, William Gregg, and David McGregor wereln the service at that time, they were probably at Bunker Hill. There were also seven- teen men from Londonderry in Col. Prescott's regi- ment who took a part in that engagement, and proba- bly a few other.s, as the town paid bounties to ninety- nine men. Capt. John Nesmith commanded a company raised in August, 1776, in which were thirty-nine men from Londonderry. Of these, not before named, were Samuel Cherry, ensign; Solomon Todd, sergeant; Michael George, drummer; Timothy Dustin, fifer; John McClurg, William Rogers, Robert McCIuer, James Ewins, Robert Boyer, Jr., John Orr, Samuel Rowell, John Humphrey, John Cox, Edward Cox, John Anderson, Jr., Thomas White, Ephraim White, James Moor, Samuel .Eayers, John Ramsey, David George, Jonathan Gregg, Abner Andrews, Alexan- der Craige, William Colby, Patrick Fling, William Adams, James Boyer, Jr., Jonathan George, Charity Killicut, and John Lancaster, privates. In Decem- ber, 1776, the following enlistments were made, not before named: Jonathan Wallace, William Lyon, Moses Watts, Thomas McClary, Jesse Jones, Arthur Nesmith, John Todd, Benjamin Nesmith, James Hobbs, Nathan Whiting, Benjamin Robinson, David Marshal], William Burroughs. The enlistments in 1777 and 1778 of three years' men numbered about fifty, several of whom had i^re- viously seen service. Capt. Daniel Reynolds com- manded a company of seventy men at Bennington, David McClory and Adam Taylor lieutenants, John Smith, John McKeon, John Anderson, and John Robinson sergeants. Lieut. McClory was killed there, and is said to be the only man from Londonderry who lost his life in battle during the war, although accord- ing to the muster-rolls the town furnished more men than any other in New Hampshire. Twenty-five men under Capt. Joseph Finlay served for a short time at Saratoga in 1777, and the same year there were five men in Col. Henry Jackson's regiment. In 1778 the town paid bounties to twenty men for service in Rhode Island. 1779, there were seventeen enlistments; in 1780, thirteen ; in 1781, thirty. Association Test.— At the beginning of the second year of the war there were so many persons in all our towns suspected of Toryism that the New Hamp- shire Committee of Safety, in accordance with a recom- mendation of the Continental Congress, requested 574 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUiNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. selectmen to circulate papers, for signature affirming opposition to the British government. In London- derry there were three hundred and seventy-two males over twenty-one who signed a declaration of independ- ence, substantially the same as the memorable decla- ration of July 4, 1776, and but fifteen who refused to sign. Tories of the RevolutioE. — Londonderry had perhaps her share of Tories. This offensive name was given to those persons who took sides with Great Britain in our war of independence, and was applied to those who even leaned that way. " Time's effacing fingers" have softened down the asperities of that period, and the " king's friends" are now every- where designated by the less opprobrious name of loyalists. Considering the power of England, the feebleness of the colonies and their poverty, it is not surprising that large numbers of the people cither openly favored the crown or were inclined that way. It is to be added, however, that as soon as the first blow was struck a large portion of the latter class sided with the patriotic party, and joined with them heart, hand, and purse in the unequal contest with England. Many of the loyalists were on the shady side of fifty years, and were looking towards the set- ting sun. The ambition and enterprise of younger days were gone, and after the severe struggles they had endured in subduing the forest and the Indian enemy that roamed through them they desired to possess their liomes of peace and plenty in quiet, and pass the remainder of life undisturbed by war's alarms. But when aroused by the blood shed at Bunker Hill, many of them were ready for the fray. It is related of S:imuel Campbell, of Windham, who leaned at first to the loyalist side, that w'nen he heard from Bunker Hill he saddled "his old meer," and took provisions in his saddle-bags to his two boys, who had been in tlie fight, tliinking, as he said, " they might be hungrj'." The loyalists, as a class, were men of wealth, education, and respectability, many of them holding office under the crown. It is no wonder then tliat large numbers hesitated to go at once into rebellion. For some reasons not known there were more loyalists in the English Range than were to be found in any other part of the town. There were a few that lived near the First Church, now East Derry. Among them Col. Stephen Hol- land was the most prominent. His reputation as a Tory was more than local, as the history of the times clearly proved. He was tavern-keeper and a mer- chant, was a man of wealth and education, and his influence, in the language of the day, is said to have "tarred nuinbeiv-i of the people with the stick of Toryism." He was proscribed and banished by the act of Nov. 19, 1778, and his property, numbering four farms, was confiscated. The same act also pro- scribed and banished the following men of London- derry : Richard Holland, John Davidson, James Fulton, Thomas Smith, and Dennis O'Hala. It does not appear that any one suflTered confiscation except Col. Holland. There were perhaps some twenty men in town who were Tories, but they were not promi- nent enough to cause much trouble. John Clark, of the Euglisli Range, was confined for a time to his own premises, with liberty only to attend church on Sunday. He ventured to step across his lines to pick up a hawk he had shot, for which he was fined. A barn was raised on the hill where Mr. Clement lives during the height of the Tory excitement, and much apprehension was feared that trouble would ensue, as the Tories of the English Range would be there and meet the Pinkertons, the Aikens, and the Wallaces. It was feared that blows would fol- low political discussion, and a fight between those stalwart men would be no small aflfair. The par- ties, however, had the good sense to raise the barn, quietly drink their whisky, and depart for their homes in peace. The women of that day had their politics as well as the men. The wife of Dr. Alex- ander Cummings " wished that the English Range from its head to Beaver Pond ran ankle-deep in Whig blood." Taverns.— Before May 12, 1726, John Barr, who lived on the John B. Taylor place in the East Parish, kept a tavern for the "accommodation of Man & beast." This is made certain by the following extract from the journal of John Wainwright, clerk of the Massachusetts Bay Committee, sent to lay out Pen- nacook, now Concord, N. H. In going from Haver- hill to Pennacook, "about 11 or 12 o'clock we arrived at Nuffield, alias Londonderry, & refreshed ourselves & horses at the house of one John Barr, an Irish tavern-keeper, but we had nothing of him but 'small Beer.'" There were numbers of hostel ries in Lon- donderry ; many of them, however, were merely places where spirits in some form was sold, and they were much frequented long after the Revolution by the old soldiers of that and the previous Indian wars. They often got together of a winter's night, and after in- spiring draughts of punch and flip the old-time memo- ories would come over them, and as "the night drave on wi' sangs and clatter," they would "shoulder their crutches and show how fields were won." The loyalist colonel, Stephen Holland, kept tavern where the late David Bassett lived, and after him Capt. Samuel Al- lison and others. Dr. Isaac Thom, with much other business, was a hotel-keeper. In Derry lower village a public-house was kept at the Thornton place sev- eral years by John Dinsmoor and others. In the West Parish, James Thompson, at the Hurd place, entertained the surveyors for Holland's map in 1784, and near the close of the Revolution, at the Dinsmoor corner, three hundred Hessian prisoners from Burgoyne's army, on their way to Boston, were kept for a night. Packer's tavern was on the High Range. He employed Richard H. Brinton, a deserter from the British army, to paint a sign during the ex- citement of the Jefferson campaign. He had Jeffer- LONDONDERRY. 575 son's likeness put on one side of the sign. The painter asked what he should paint upon the other. "Oh," replied Packer, "I am not particular; anything ap- propriate to go with Jefferson." " Well, then," said Brinton, " I will just paint the devil !" At Derry vil- lage the Danforth tavern is now the house of Dr. Crombie. A hotel has long been kept where Mr. Saunders entertains the public. Of the landlords there, Charles Eedtield and Richard Melvin are the best known. Stores. — The Londonderry fair obviated the neces- •^ity of very early stores. The precise date of the first has not been ascertained. James Ayers was a trader in 1735, and Christopher Ayers also about that time. John Duncan early had a store at the Duncan place. A part of his shop is now used as a dwelling. The Duncans were a race of merchants. At a "cate- chising" in answer to the question, "Who was the first Christian martyr?" Col. William Adams, when a boy, replied, under a little confusion of the term, that " he didn't know, but thought he might have been a Duncan." John Dickey, Esq., who removed to-New York in 1819, was a merchant in the West Parish many years. Since then, in the present town of Lon- donderry the leading merchants were John N. Ander- son and Arlcy Plumer, now both dead, and William Anderson, Esq., now a resident of Derry. Currency. — Like all new countries, the people of Londonderry suffered great inconvenience for want of a circulating medium wherewith to transact their business. There was but little of what could be called money in the settlement during the lives of the emigrants, and yet they were not wholly destitute. To convince the friends in Ireland that such was the fact, in 17-14 a member of the Cochran family scut over a pine-tree shilling as a specimen of the money in use. The present commercial value of that shill- ing, could it have been made available to the early settlers, would have been more than sufficient to pur- chase one of their best " Home Lots," or even their " Precept.'' It remained in Ireland one hundred years, and in 1844 it was sent back to Londonderry, and is now in possession of the writer. Most busi- ness was done by mcansof barter, corn, beans, peltry, and even spinning-wheels taking the place of money. In the emergencies arising from the various Indian wars the government was compelled to issue " Bills of credit." All such bills authorized before 1742 were called " Old Tenor," and the issue of that year and subsequently till the Revolution were denomi- nated " New Tenor." The temptation to over-issues beyond the credit of the government to respond could not be resisted, and great depreciation was the natural result, to the severe embarrassment of the people. The salary of Rev. Mr. Davidson, of the East Parish, in 1767 was fifteen hundred pounds old tenor, and the next year it was seventy-five pounds lawful money. The depreciation of the Continental money wrought financial ruin to large numbers of the people. The following table, kept by Deacon Thomas Patterson at the time, shows how rapid was the decline of the Continental bills : .Inn At p-ir. Kel 10-1 ijcr 100 Miirili ...101) April Ill) Miiy 11.) .liilii! 1:;0 July li") Aug I.-.O S.|jt 17.1 (let 27.") N..V ;illO Dec ;ilO 1778. 1779. 32.5 per 100 742 per IC ;l.nO " 808 " :i7.i " lOIIO " 400 " 1101 " JOO " 1215 " 4IIII . " ]:i40 " 42r, " 1470 " 4W " IIWO " 47li " 1800 " .-)00 " 2000 " .54.7 " 2 :nN " i;u " 2:ii.j " :i7.iii 4II0II 41100 5700 (illOO o:ioo fSOO f)700 7000 7;ioo 7,'OOperlOO 7,500 " 7,500 " 7,-5l)0 " 7,5110 " 12,000 " The subjoined order among the town's papers will illustrate some of the difficulties the fathers had to wrestle with in relation to their currency : "To Me. Jf.sbe Jone^, Constable: *"Pleiiso piiy or discount with James Rogers, ten sliillincis in certifi- cuts, Ulid five sliillinga of Indents, & three shillings and four pence out of your town list, & one shilling & ci^^lit pence in specie, & one shilling eight i>enie ill specie orders, and one shilling eight pence out of your county list, it being lor liis fiither's pole tax, rated and dead in the sunie year, & it will be allowed on settlement of yonr lists. "GEOliGt; Reid, Select Clerk. " LnxDONDKRRY, Jan. 15, 1790." Schools. — The settlers of Londonderry made early and as full provision as possible for the rising gener- ation ; and this good .example has been followed to the present day. An early law of the province re- quired " every fifty householders to be provided of a schoolmaster to teach children and youth to read and write, and one hundred families were required to set up a Grammar school." Accordingly the town voted in 1726 " That a Grammar school shall be sett up by David McGregor." And the same year "Voted to build a school-house 18 f long beside the chimney that there shall be two fire-places in one end as large as the house will allow, 7 foot in the side of logs at the meeting-house." In 1728 the wages of a scIkjoI- master were thirty-six pound.s per annum. March 25, 1732, " Voted that there shall be two schools kept as public schools for the year; the one at the meeting- house, and at or by, as near Allen Anderson's house, or thereabouts, and Mr. John Wilson shall be the schoolmaster." Before the establishment of the pres- ent system of common schools all through the town teachers were employed, and schools were taught in private houses, and not infrequently barns were used as school-rooms. The Hon. Samuel Bell, allerwards Governor of New Hampshire, when in college taught a winter term in a dwelling-house in the West Parish. He was a strict disciplinarian even for those times, and during the first week of the term some of the mischievous boys got sundry raps over the head from a cane in the hands of the teacher. The following Sunday, at church, John Bell, the father of the col- lege student, anxious for his success, asked Deacon Thomas Patterson how Sam was getting on in school. The deacon replied, " Very well ; only I think he had 576 HISTOKY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. better leave his cane at home to-morrow." The hint was taken, the cane was left at home, and an excel- lent school was the result. The various divisions in town known as school dis- tricts were at first called " classes," and prudential committees called " heads of the class." The divisr ions were not numbered as at present, but designated by some local name, as the Aiken's Range Class, etc. All through the years great attention has been given to all matters pertaining to education, and large sums annually expended in support of- common schools. The fact that high schools and academies were early established in town is abundant proof that the people have not been and are not behind other towns in pro- viding for the welfare of the ri.sing generation. Spotted Fever of 1812.— The town has always enjoyed remarkable immunity from epidemics. But two of any account are known in its history. In 1753 a fever of great malignity, much resembling the yellow fever of later years, carried oif several of the inhabitants, among whom 'were a few of the leading citizens. The ravages of the spotted fever of 1812 caused great excitement, and many families suffered severely. In the West Parish three children in the family of Alexander Anderson died, and three or four in the family of David Anderson. Robert Taylor, who lived in the East Parish, lost four children, and William Thompson, two. Bleeding was thought to be a means of cure, but the sickness was so general that the doctors were unable to respond to all the cases. In this emergency Christopher Thom, Abra- ham Morrison, and Joseph Gregg went through the town using the lancet. Physicians from abroad were employed. The writer has- a bill paid by the town for one hundred and twelve dollars to Dr. Matthias Spalding, a noted physician of Amherst. N. H. War of 1812-15. — Soon after the declaration of war President Madison requested Governor Plumer, of New Hampshire, to order into service of the United States such a part of the State militia as he should deem necessary for the defense of Portsmouth. A company was drafted from the Third Brigade, to which Londonderry belonged, to serve six months, and Capt. John Leonard, of this town, was put in command. The following-named mc^n went to Ports- mouth: Capt. John Leonard, Moses C. Pillsbury, ] John Palmer, Moses Messer, John Plumer, David Wilson, John Saunders, and James Wljittemore. Under Governor Oilman's order of Sept. 9, 1814, Capt. James Thom, of Londonderry, was in com- mand of a company for a short time, but there were no privates from town in this company. Under the same order Londonderry furnished twenty-two men ! for the service, who were enlisted Sept. 23, 1814, for sixty days. In the same company there were ten men from Windham. The names of all the men above enumerated are on record, but the town fur- nished others that the muster-rolls are silent in respect to. The political sentiment of the town being largely in opposition to the war, the voluntary enlistments were few. Most of the men were drafted. Tomatoes were first raised in town in 1822, by Madame Morrison, widow of Eev. William Morri- son, she having brought the seed from her early home at Octorara, Pa. Emigrations from Town.— No sketch of London- derry can be perfect witliout mention of towns colo- nized therefrom. Very early several of the proprie- tors relinquished their "home lots" and settled in other parts of the town on second divisions, or amend- ment land. Among these were John Woodburn, of the Ayers Range, and John Senter, of the English Range, who removied to the lower part of the High Range in the West Parish. John Goffe, four years town clerk, took up residence in 1734 at " Goffe's Falls." Prior to 1736 a vaguely-defined strip of land, called Harrytown, extending several miles along the eastern bank of the Merrimac, opposite Araoskeag Falls, had been partly settled by the Scotch-Irish and English. Much contention arising among them rela- tive io the fishing interest, the former thought best to strengthen their party by a reinforcement from the Scotch-Irish fighting blood of Londonderry. John McNeil, in 1735, and Archibald Stork, in 1736, and several others responded to the' call. How well the imperiled settlers, struggling to maintain their claim, judged of the character of the men they summoned to their aid let Chippewa, Bunker Hill, and Benning- ton in a succeeding generation tell. Cherry Valley, Otsego Co., N. Y., settled in 1740, received an important addition to its population from that part of Londonderry now Windham. Col. Sam- uel Campbell, Samuel Clyde, and several others were among the early settlers. Bedford, N. H., incorpo- rated May 19, 1750, was largely represented by settlers from Londonderry. Among them were the Riddles, the Moors, the Aikens, the Walkers, the Orrs, and many others. Many of the leading families of Peters- boro', N. H., incorporated Jan. 17, 1760, were from Londonderry, — the Morrisons, Smiths, Steels, Greggs, etc. In 1760 a company of Archibalds, Taylors, Fishers, and others settled in Truro, Nova Scotia. Large numbers of the early citizens of New Boston, N. H., were of Londonderry, — the Crombies, Coch- rans, Clarks, Pattersons, McColloms, McAllisters, etc. Nearly all the proprietors of Henniker, N. H., were from Londonderry. Those who removed thither were most prominent in the new settlement,— the Wallaces, Campbells, and Pattersons. The first permanent set- tler in Antrim, N,H., was Deacon James Aiken, of Londonderry. He was succeeded by Duncans, Greggs, and others. The towns of Acworth, Merrimac, and Goffstown, N. H., claim a Londonderry origin for many of their people, also the towns of Londonderry and Windham, Vt. Belfast, Me., is indebted to this town for its most prominent settlers. Londonderry Literature.— Several of the early colonists were said to be gifted with poetical talent, LONDONDERRY. 577 and among them were Rev. Matt. Clark and Robert Boyer, Esq. The former was an eccentric minister, and the latter was a aian of talent; had great influ- ence iu town, and was often in public employment, but the specimens of their writing that have come down to us do not warrant us in giving them a very high place among the poets. Dr. Thornton is said to have left a manuscript work on some religious subject. Rev. David McGregor, Rev. Dr. Morrison, and Rev. Daniel D. Dana, among the older ministers, and Rev. E. L. Parker and Rev. L. S. Parker, of later years, all published sermons. The century sermon of Rev. E. L. Parker in 1819 is the basis of the history of the town he had got nearly ready for the press at the time of his death in 1850. The history, a work of three hundred and fifty-eight pages, was published by his son, Edward P. Parker, Esq., in 1851, and is regarded as a very valuable work, and one of the best town histories. Copies of the work are very rare, and, like all Londonderry literature, command high prices. In 1870 a compilation of the " Exercises on the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the town's settlement" was published. Rev. Luther B. Pert, pastor of the Presbyterian So- ciety in Londonderryj published in 1876 a valuable centennial sermon, historical of the society, church, and town. Londonderry claims many eminent men who were either natives of the town or residents for a time. Of these may be mentioned John Bell, ancestor of three Governors of New Hampshire and three United Siates senators; Gen. George Reid, the trusted friend of Washington ; Gen. John Stark, the hero of Ben- nington ; Matthew Thornton, the jurist and statesman ; Samuel Livermore and John Prentice, the accom- plished lawyers; Rev. Dr. Joseph McKeen, first pres- ident of Bowdoin College; and many others, of whom there is no space in this sketch even to name. Very large numbers of the most prominent living men in the land "claim kindred here, and have their claims allowed." A fuller account must be reserved for a complete history of the town now in preparation. CHAPTER LXXXVI. LONDONDERRY.— ( Cuutaiiicrl.) Post-Offices and Postmasters.— On the 18th of August, 1827, soon after the division of the town, a post-oifice was established in the High Range, in the western part of the town, and Ebenezer Whittier appointed postmaster. Aug. 30, 1828, the office was removed two and one-half miles eastward to the store of William Anderson (3d), who was made postmaster. May 7, 1829, the Post-Offlce Department ordered the ofljce back to the store of Mr. Whittier, who was again 87 put in charge of it. It remained there until the 6th of March, 1835, when it was again removed, this time to the store of William Caldwell, on the Mam- moth road. Pie served as postmaster till the appoint- ment of Arley Plumer, April 6, 1836, when Mr. Plumer was relieved by Daniel H. Batchelder, Aug. 28, 1850. Mr. Plumer again received the appoint- ment, Sept. 27, 1852. A. J. Morse succeeded him July 20, 1875, and was postmaster till May 15, 187G, when D. H. Burns took the place. Mr. Burns gave up the office June 2, 1881, to the present incumbent, W. P. Wallace. Post-Office and Postmasters at North London- derry. — An oflSce was opened here May 21, 1832, with Reuben White as postmaster. Succeeding him were Dr. David Flanders, March 29, 1839; Reuben White again, May 28, 1816; Mrs. Rachel White, April 9, 1858; B. F. Garvin, April 22, 1862; S. C. Barker, July 17, 1865 ; Robert W. Wilson, Jan. 18, 1866 ; Dr. John Haynes, January, 1868; and James W. Mackey, May 5, 1873. For thirty years the oflSce was kept in the hotel of Mr. White; afterwards for a short time at the depot of the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad ; since then at the store near by. The mail was car- ried by stage-coaches on the Mammoth road till they were taken off in 1849, and then for a few years by special messenger to Manchester. At present it is carried by the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad. Post-Office at Wilson's Crossing.— The office here was established June 25, 1862, and Warren Richard- son appointed postmaster, who still serves in that capacity. Mammoth Eoad. — This road was built in the summer of 1831, and opened to travel in the autumn of that year. It became at once a popular line be- tween Concord, N. H., and Boston. Three lines of daily stages were put on the road, which carried vast numbers of passengers. In the winter season largo quantities of country produce were carried over the road, seeking a market at Lowell and Boston. This continued till the opening of the Concord and Nashua Railroad, in 1838. The Mammoth road, so named in derision by its enemies, has always been a great con- venience to the people of the town. In 1832 Presi- dent Jackson and cabinet passed over it on their way from Boston to Concord, N. H., and dined at the hotel of Mr. White, in the north part of the town. Libraries— Leach Library.— A social library was established by a few citizens in 1830. It contained several hundred volumes, and was kept at first at the stor« of William Anderson, now an honored resident of Derry. In 1834 the books were transferred to the house of Robert Mack, on the Mammoth road. In a few years they were sold at auction, and the avails divided among the stockholders. Feb. 23, 1858, forty individuals raised money and purchased about two hundred volumes; but having no renewal fund, the books have been donated to the Leach Library. David Rollins Leach, born in Londonderry, Au"-. 8 HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 1806, and died at Manchester, N. H., April 1, 1878, left in his will three thousand dollars to the town to found a library. The town at its next annual meet- ing voted to accept the bequest, chose a board of nine trustees, and authorized the selectmen to build an addition to the town hall for a library room. The room was in readiness Jan. ], 1880, and about one thousand books placed upon the shelves. The library went into operation Feb. 25, 1880. Since that time more books have been purchased, making in all about sixteen hundred volumes. All the religious societies in town have small libraries of excellent books, which are much read. Cemeteries. — The oldest cemetery in town is situ- ated upon the hill known as " Grave-yard Hill,'' about one mile from the Derry line, nearly opposite the site of the First Church. An acre of land was bought of Robert Wallace. The first interment was " y' learned William Wallace," who died March 27, 1733. He was born at Bush Mills, Ireland, in 1707, gradu- ated at a college in Edinburgh, Scotland, and studied for the ministry. Although it is now a lonely place, unused for purposes of burial, it contains the remains of many of the honored dead of the olden time. Among them. John Bell, the emigrant ancestor of the eminent family that has through three or four gener- ations taken a distinguished part in the councils of the State and nation. He died July 8, 1743, aged sixty-four. A massive marble slab marks the resting- place of Maj. John Pinkerton, the founder of Pinker- ton Academy. Many members of the Duncon family lie here, and there are stones "In Memoriam" of David and Margaret (Clark) Woodburn, maternal grandparents of Horace Greeley. The second ceme- tery in town received its first recorded burial in Feb- ruary, 1793, — David Patterson, son of Deacon Thomas Patterson, who died the 12th day of that month. Since that time about twelve hundred of the people of Londonderry have followed him to that place of final rest. Two ministers of the West Parish — Rev. Dr. Morrison and Rev. Araasa A. Hayes — are buried in this yard. Near the centre stands a stately and appropriate granite monument inscribed to the mem- ory of Hon. John Bell and wife. He was born in Londonderry, Aug. 15, 1730, and died there Nov. 30, 1825, having long served faithfully the town and State in many important positions. An addition to this yard was made on the south in 1852. The cemetery in the northwest part was originally a private yard, but now belongs to the town. There are here not far from three hundred and fifty graves. Glenwood Cemetery. — About fifty citizens of the town, in 1869, purchased three acres of land of Robert Mack, fenced it, and laid it out into lots. The first person buried here was Mrs. John Haynes. Since then about one hundred and forty interments have been made. Rebellion, 1861-65.— The attack upon Fort Sumter, April 13, 1861, united the people of Londonderry, without distinction of party, in favor of vigorous measures by the general government to maintain tlie integrity of the Union. The enthusiasm of the town developed itself in the formation of two companies for purposes of military drill. Frequent meetings were held and enlistments encouraged, so that when the time came for action the town w^s ready to do its duty. Seven of its citizens enlisted in the first regi- ment sent from New Hampshire. May 11, 1861, the town voted to provide for the families of volunteers, and all through the war generous bounties were paid, the last, Jan. 2, 1865, of six hundred dollars. Drafted men received each three hundred dollars. EOLL OF SOLDIERS. FiBST Regihext, Thoee Moxttis' Men. Wesley B. Knight, corp. Edwards O. Dodge. W. II. Martin. Haskell P. Coffin. Charlc8 H. Morrison. David W. Collin. Joseph C. Abtmtt. Second Regiment. Charles Vickerey, lieut., wounded and captured July 2, 186.3; dii-d Jnly 8,180-3. Samuel N. Payne. James C. Farbnsh. Peter Flynn. Fourth Regiment. William S. Barker, capt., com. Feb. 17, 1865 ; disch. May 20, 180!). ■William S. PilUbuiy, l.st lieut., com. Sept. 20, 1801 ; res. Oct. 20, 1801. Joseph C. Abbott, died of disease at Folly I&land, S. C, June l:i, 1S0:J, John W, Burker, killed in action near Petersburg, Va., July 28, 18G4. James Dooley. Thomas Di8.^more, died at Morris Island, S. C, Aug. 11, 18G3. Charles R. Frost. • 'Wiiliam C. Flandei^. George Lawson. Stephen A. Nichols. Warren G. Pike, wounded Oct. 22. 18(12; died July 2?, 18C3. Lorenzo Wight, died of disease at St. Augustine, Fla., Aug. 13, 1802. Fifth Heiiimext. John D. K. Marshall, wounded June 3, 1804. William Kerner. John Curtin, wounded Sept. 30, 18CJ. E. G. Holmes. Patrick Murpliy. Thomas O'Neil. L. Schuttsmayer. Andrew C. Smith. John Wilson. Silas F. Dean, pro. to cliaplain Feb. 1, 1804. John O'Donal. James Mitchell. Sixth Regimf.xt. John Wilson. Sevexth Regimext. William 31, Boyce. Edward Clark. G. 31, Clark. Moses F. Colby. Charles II. Brickett. William C. Bancroft. L, P. Gardner. Tlionias F, Dodge, Henry C. Dickey. Irving T. Dickay, wounded Feb. 20, liiCA; died April 11,1804. Timothy A. Smith. Charles 0. Dessmore. A. P. Colby. Eighth Efglmext. Eugene L. Curtis. George W. Blood. Elbridge Curtis. Charies E. Follonsbeo, died of wounds at Port Hudson, July 4, 1803. Charles E, Conaut, wounded June 14, 1803. Ninth Regimext. A. F. Hamblott, Andrew- C, Smith, captured at Poplar Grove, Va,, Sept, 30, 1804, Tenth Regimext. John Ilaynes, ass't, snrg., res. June 30, 1803. Samuel Woodbury. Alonzo R, Wells, wagoner, George W, Vickerey, LONDONDEERY. 579 Eleventh Regiment. Qiarles P. Annis, wounded May B, 18G4; died May 18, !8Ct. George W. Vickerej'. Armandii S. Vickerey, wounded May 12, 1804 ; died at Washington, D, C, Jnne 10, 1864. William H. Vickerey. Twelfth Regiment. Peter Flynn. Benjamin Wilson. D. B. Harrington, died at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. Calvin JoUnson. Amos II. MacGregor. Isaac Colley, killed at Drury'a Bluff, May Ifi, 1804. Daniel Goodwin, killed in action Jnne 25, 18G4. Samuel Clark, captured May 16, 1804. O.B.Goodwin. John C. Estey, wounded May 16, 1804. John F. Davis. Clinton Farley. David Goodwin. Edward P. Moore, sergt., wounded July 27, 1804; died Aug. 16, 1864. Benjamin F. Pettingill. Horfice P. Estey. Albert Atwood, killed in action June 30, 1864. Charles E. Estey, wounded May 16, 1864; taken prisoner, and died at Anilersonville, Ga., Aug. 10,1864. Grave No. 6337. Moses M. Myrick, killed at Deep Run, Aug. 16, 1804. Wesley B. Kuiglit, sergt-, captured, and died at Florence, S. C, Oct. 20, 1864. William Lamson, wounded May 16, 1864. William II. Martin. Charles H. Morrison, captured; died in prison at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. 22, 1804. George H. Robinson. David C. Stevens. Benjamin Sliipley,died of disease on steamer "Ben.Deford," June?, 1865. Joseph A. Wyckoff, killed at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862. Mr. Wyckoff was the first soldier from Londonderry killed in war. TuliiTEENTH Regiment. Dearborn W. MacGregor. John H. Little. A. H. Randall. Fifteenth Regiment. Lieut. Washington Perkins. M. N. Holmes. Charles MacGregor. W. F. Holmes. Martin L. Moore. A. P. Ale.xander. Horace D. Gregg. Washington I. Coburn. W. J. Pond, died of disease at Baton Rouge, June 20, 1863. Jolm H. .Sanborn, wounded May 27,1863, and died at Port Hudson, June 2, 1863. John Orall. James G. Morrison. Charles R. Clark. Hiram Webster. ■ Eighteenth Regiment. Thomas F. Dodge. James Dooley. Washington Perkins, 1st lieut. M. N. Holmes. David W. Coffin. John H. Estey, died of disease at Washington, D. C. Frank 0. Greeley, died at Concord, N. H., May 6, 18G5. William P. Kevins. Lyman J. Slate. G. F. Plumer. John C. Scully. Walter L. Robblns. Horace E. Woods. George W. Wilson, Samuel L. Woodbury, died of disease at Londonderry, Feb. 27, 1800, Francis Lupean. Hugh Mnlheran. 0. S. Sorer. William P. Wallace. Daniel Griffin. First Regiment N, George F. Anderson. H. Vol. Cavalry. Samuel Whittier. First Regiment Heavy Artillery. William S. Pillsbury, lieut., date of comniission, Sept. 5, 1864. Haskell P. Coffin, lieut. Washington I. Coburn. Carlos W. Noyes. A. J. Benson, sergt. James H. Eaton. Charles R. Frost. Isaac W. Hall. William Clark. John H. Nutter. John Merrill. Arley P. Tcnuey. Augustus Alexander. J. M, Bancroft. ' John E. Bancroft. JuhnL, Blood. G. W, Cl.irk. John R, Campbell. David Flanders. George F. Greely. Duston Ilamblett, died Jan. 10, David W. Cofflu. Henry A, Ilovey. Thomas M. Holmes. W. P. Lund. Benjamin Martin. James A. Nichols. A. H. Nichols. N. B. Perno. L. Pickering. B.Sullivan. John C. Towns. D. G. Wliceler. Williara Young. G. W. Anni<. James S. Wheeler. EdM'in Follonsboe. First Regiment of Sharpshooiers. Henry Moulton, National Guards, N. II, Militia, in the U. S. service sixty days, on garrison duty at Fort Constitution. Elijali G, Chase. Charles Goodwin. Unattached Co. N. H. Voi5. at Portsmouth Harror. B. L. Center. Men from LONDONnEERv in the 14th Mass, Regt. Alexander McGregor. Elijah Watts. A. J. McKenny. Henry Colby. Charles McKeiiny. The latter was killed in the service. Enrollment of Londonderry, April 30, 1865, 130; total of quota under all call< from July 1, 1863,107; credits by enlistment and draft, 108; surplus, 1. Londonderry Grange, Ifo. 44, was organized Jan. 18, 1875. The names of the first officers were Charles E. Frost, Master; C. O. Butterick, Overseer; E. W. Peabody, Lecturer; John C. Towns, Steward; H. C. Smith, Assistant Steward; J. W. Peabody, Chap- lain ; L. H. Nesmith, Treas. ; Daniel G. Annis, Sec. ; D. D. Smith, Gate-Keeper; Mrs. D. G. Annis, Ceres; Mrs. C. E. Frost, Pomona; Miss Nettie E. Smith, Flora; Mrs. C. O. Butterick, Lady Assistant Steward. In 1878 and 1881 the Grange held successful fairs in connection with the citizens of the town. The business agent is D. G. Annis. Wesley B. Knight Post, No. 41, G. A. R.— This post was named for Wesley B. Knight, who enlisted as corporal in the First New Hampshire Eegiment of three months' men. He again enlisted in United States service Sept. 18, 1861, and served as sergeant. He was taken prisoner at Drury's Bluff, May 16, 1864, and from there he was sent to Libby prison, and thence to Andersonville, where he arrived June 10, 1864. Leaving there Sept. 28, 1864, he was taken to Charleston, S. C, and there remained three weeks. Oct. 20, 1864, he died, just before reaching the stock- ade at Florence, S. C. The post was organized March 6, 1879, and now numbers forty-four active members. Orrin B. Stokes was the first Commander, and George O. Colby the present Commander. Business at North Londonderry ,— In 1878, Messrs. Daniel G. & Eoswell Annis erected a large store, and commenced the sale of grain, flour, and groceries. Shortly after they built ,a steam grist-mill, all of which was burned Oct. 26, 1880. They rebuilt at once, larger and with sufficient power to operate a grist- mill and saw-mill. The trade of the firm is prosperous selling at least thirty thousand dollars worth of goods annually. Like the first store, the present one has a convenient hail in which religious exercises are heLl 580 HISTORY OP ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. on Sunday. Messrs. B. & A. D. Fe^^enden, from Townsend, Mass., in the spring of 1881, began the manufacture of staves and headings, renting power of Annis & Co. They do a large business, employ forty men, and use one million feet of lumber annually. In 1868, George F. MacGregor began the manufac- turing of shoes in a part of the store, near the depot of the Manchester and Lawrence Eailroad. Two years after he formed a partnership with A. M. Corn- ing. This firm had a profitable New England and Western business till the fire of July 18, 1872. Upon the dissolution of the firm Mr. Corning built the large shoe factory opposite the depot, and engaged in busi- ness there till 1875, when he sold to his brother, Na- thaniel Corning, who put in steam-power, and made sewed goods. He employed a large number of hands till the business terminated by his death, in 1878. Messrs. Haskell, Woodbury & Butman, from Beverly, Mass., followed him, and carried on business one year. In the village, besides the store of D. G. & R. Annis, is that of James W. Mackey, three pump-shops, a blacksmith-shop, and the post-office. The other mer- chants in town are A. P. Hardy, W. Richardson, and AV. P. Wallace, who have a prosperous trade. Farm- ing, however, is the principal employment of the people, and among the many excellent farmers in town are "Washington. Perkins, William Clark, David AV. Ela, William P. Nevins, Charles E. Young, Ben- jamin McAllister, Aaron P. Hardy, Mason Boyd, Montgomery Dickey, Jonathan McAllister, ^\'alter Reed, Simon MuUins, Newell Boyce, Charles Pills- bury, and Sherburn D. Smith. The health of the town is such that the services of only one physician are needed. Dr. Eugene Wason, a native of New Boston, N. II., having received his medical education at Harvard and Dartmouth, fol- lowed by six years' practice at Nashua, N. IL, came here Sept. 14, 1875. The number of ratable polls in Londonderry in 1828, the year following the divi>i(Mi of the town, was 233; number in 1882, 372; valuation of the town in 1S2S, 8245,977 ; valuation in 18S2, !:-572,761 ; popula- tion in 1882, 1335. West Parish, or Loadonderry Presbyterian Meeting-House. — Feb. 25, 1740, the New Hampshire Legislature incorporated a second parish in London- derry. It took the name of the West Pari.^h, and embraced all the present town of Londonderrv and a considerable part of Derry. The tirst meeting-hou.^e of the parish was erected near llic old graveyard cer- tainly as early as 1735, and may have been as early as March 14, 1733, as that was the date of the call to Rev. David McGregor, the first pastor. It was never fully finished, and probably only occasional services were held in it. The second house was built one mile and a half east of the former, in the Aiken's Range, now Derry, about 1737, as we find the parish voted, Sept. 7, 1730, " that they sett up their meeting- houac upon thai part of James Aiken's home-lot known as his sheep pasture." This house was " low in the post, with a low floor requiring descending steps to reach it." It stood on land now owned by the heirs of Thomas Bradford. The location so far to the east, in connection with some dislike of Rev. William Davidson, pastor of the "old church," occa- sioned disafiection, which resulted in an unhappy quarrel, which lasted till the close of Rev. David McGregor's ministry, in 1777. Forty families of the West Parish attended meeting at the East Church, now Derry, and the same number from the latter society attended meeting at the West Parish. The next and third church edifice of the West Parish was begun in 1769. It was located near Henry Campbell's tobacco-yard, a short distance from the residence of A. P. Hardy. The next year the house was finished outwardly, but the interior was not fin- ished till 1780. Pews were made in 1787, and sold in the aggregate for £1025 5«. This house stood with- out much alteration till 1845, when it was taken down and removed to the centre of the town, on the Mam- moth road, and fitted up for a town hall. Some time during the winter of 183(3-37 the lead- ing men in the West Parish met at the house of Rob- ert Mack, and took steps for the erection of a new church. Committees were chosen, subscriptions were obtained, and during the summer and fall of 1837 the present church was built. The land for a site, oiiginally laid out to David Morrison, was the gift of Robert Mack. Capt. Samuel Dickey framed the building, and Thomas Kennedy, from GoflJstown, N. H., finished it. The cost was about 84000. In 1860 a little over 82000 were expended in frescoing the house and making repairs. The bell of this church was purchased in 1856. Ministers of the West Parish in Londonderry. — Rev. David McGregor was born in Ireland in 1710, came with his father to Londonderry in 1719, and be- came the first pastor over the West Parish. He early entered the ministry, receiving a call from the West Parish, March 14, 1733. He alternated Sunday ser- vice-- between the Hill Church and that in the Aiken's Range. His abilities and eloquence drew many people from neighboring towns in regular attendance upon his ministrations. He died May 30, 1777, having faiihfully served the society forty-four years. He wa^^ a non-resident of the parish, living in a house of hi-- own erection on land laid out to his father, where Jlr. G. AV. Batchelder now resides, better known as the Humphrey Choale Place, one mile from East Derry village. The " forty family quarrel" between the parishes came to an end shortly after his death, tie New Hampshire Legislature aiding this result in 17r8 l)y repealing the law allowing that singular in- terchange of families. William Morrison, D.D., succeeded Mr. McGregor. He was ordained February, 1783. He was born in 1748, in the town of Auchlinries, parish of Cornerey, Perthshire, Scotland, and died Alarch 9, 1818. -:'^*\ '^* ^Vs^ ^^ ^^^2^ LONDONDERRY. 581 Eev. Daniel Dana, D.D., having resigned the pres- idency of Dartmouth College, was installed over the society Jan. 15, 1822. He was dismissed in April, 1826, " much to the regret of the people," as appears by a record on the West Parish books. Eev. Amasa A. Hayes, a native of Granby, Conn., a graduate of Yale and Andover, was installed June 25, 1828, and died, greatly lamented, Oct. 23, 1830. Eev. John R. Adams followed Mr. Hayes by ordi- nation Oct. 5, 1831. He was dismissed in October, 1838. He was afterward settled in Brighton, Mass., and Gorham, Me. ; was chaplain in the Fifth Eegi- ment Maine Volunteers, and also of the One Hun- dred and Twenty-first New York Eegiment. He died at Northampton, Mass., April 25, 1866. Rev. Timothy G. Brainerd became pastor of the West Parish Nov. 6, 1840. He was dismissed April 25, 1855. He was born in Troy, N. Y., graduated at Yale and Andover, and now resid&s at Grinnell, Iowa. Eev. William House was installed Oct. 7, 1857, and dismissed Feb. 26, 1873. He is now settled over a Congregational Church at Barrington, E. I. His wife is the daughter of Eev. Thomas Savage, long the elo- quent pastor of Bedford, N. H. Eev. Luther B. Pert, a native of Spencer, N. Y., and a graduate of Hamilton College, was installed Feb. 23, 1875. In early life he studied law, practiced that profession fifteen years in New York City, studied for the ministry, and was for several years settled in Eaisin, Mich. His death occurred at Bergen Point, N. J., May 31, 1881. He was an able, eloquent, and scholarly man. Eev. Ira C. Tyson, the present pastor, was born in Whitemarsh, Pa., March 3, 1830. After a prepara- tory course in the languages he entered Union Theo- logical Seminary, N. Y., and graduated in 1862. He was installed over the Presbyterian Society in Lon- donderry June 9, 1881. Baptist Church aad Ministers. — This church was organized in 1779. Services on the Sabbath were oc- casionally held at the houses of the members fifty years, or till 1829, when the society erected their meeting-house. In November, 1828, a subscription paper was circulated for the object of building a house. Two sites had been in contemplation ; " one near Caleb Gooden's corner," and the other " on a gore of land north of John Butterfield's house." Jan. 3, 1829, a meeting was held, the latter place selected, and the church built that year. Caleb Gooden, Stephen Moor, William Plumer, John Butterfield, and James Watts were large contributors. The fol- lowing-named clergymen, among many others, have preached for the society : Eev. Ezra Wilmorth, Eev. John Upton, Eev. Stephen Pillsbury, fourteen years; Rev. J. W. Poland, two years ; and Eev. Thomas W. Herbert. Rev. Joshua L. Whittemore was pastor from 1857 to 1867. The late William Plumer, of Londonderry, left his homestead in the north part of the town to the society. Methodist Meeting-House and Ministers.— The Methodist Episcopal Society worshiped in the town hall for two years before the erection of their church. This was built in 1855-56, and dedicated March 5, 1856. Eev. Henry Nutter was their first minister. Below are consecutively all the names of the other preachers and the dates of their pastorate : 1856-57, Eev. A. Folsom ; 1857-59, Rev. J. Hayes ; 1859-60, Eev. A. C. Dutton ; 1860-62, G. W. T. Eogers; 1862- 65, 0. H. Call; 1865-66, I. Taggart; 1866-68, J. Hayes ; 1868-69, E. Scott ; 1869-71, A. A. Cleveland ; 1871-73, J. A. Steele; 1873-74, F. D. Chandler, L. L. Eastman; 1874-75, S. Beedle ; 1875-78, J. F. Spald- ing; 1878-79, A. E. Lunt; 1879-80, E, P. F. Dear- born ; 1880-81, H. H. French ; 1881 to the present, J. M. Bean. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. HON. REED PAGE CLARK. Hon. Eeed Page Clark was born in Hancock, N. H., July, 1807, being the third son of Ninian and Sally (Warner) Clark, of that town. He died at his farm home in Londonderry, April 8, 1882, thus within a few months completing his seventy-fifth year. Robert Clark, the great-grandfather of Mr. Clark, came to this country from Londonderry, Ireland, about the year 1725, and settled upon the height of land northwest from the " beautiful Beaver Pond," now included in the towu of Derry. He married Letitia Cochran before his coming, and had children, — four sons and four daughters. He united the oc- cupations of weaver and farmer ; was successful in both, and was regarded as a man of sound judgment and unusual intelligence. His services were often sought by his fellow-citizens in various ways, and he several times was chosen as their representative to the General Court of the State. As the children of the " Old Nutfield" colonists grew up, many of them sought homes in the almost wilderness towns farther north. Thus two of the sons of this family, William and Ninian, purchased land, and settled in New Boston, and had much to do in promoting the religious and educational in- terests of that town. (See history of New Boston.) William, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, married Annie Wallace, and by her had six children, — three sons and three daughters. He has been rep- resented as " having a strong and vigorous mind, an extensive reader, and a thorough mathematician," and he became a distinguished surveyor of land. His industry must be apparent, when, besides clearing and well cultivating a large farm, he found time for various services for his townsmen at home, as well as several times representing them in the Provincial and State Legislatures. His hospitality was un- bounded, and his home was always the open "half- 552 niSTORT OF KOCKENGHAM COUNXr, NEW HAMPSHIRE. wav house" for the pioueeri from the towns ferther on as they traveled back and forth. At his death, in ISO?, his eldest son, Eobert, be- came the owner of the homestead. See history of i^sew B.:.;:on. His other sods, John and Xinian, about the rear 1790, settled in Hancock, X. H., on two neighboring forest farms, which they in turn cleared with their own hands. They were intelli- gent and industrious men, and exerted a healthy in- fluence for long years both in the town and in the church. John married Rebecca WalUs, and had nine chil- dren, — four iOQS and five daughters. Of the S'jus, the venerable Kev. Dr. William Clark, of Amherst, now in his eighty-fourth year of age. is well and favorably known throughout Xew Eugland. rree history of Hancock.) Ninian Clark, the father of Seed P. Clark, married i l] Xancy Ojchran, and 2 Sally Warner. He also had nine children, — Peter C, who became a seho woman of rare excellence of character, always striv- ing to make their home happy by constant manifes- tations of affiection and kindness. She died greatly lamented, July, 1?51. Two sons and two daughters survive them, — Joseph R. Clark, of Derry ; Marianna, wife of Prof. W. H. Seaman, of Washington, D. C. ; William, who reside^ on the homestead in Londonderry ; and Sarah Eliza- beth. \ I HON. GEOKGE VT. PATTEP.SOX. Hon. George W. Patterson was born at London- derry, X. H., Nov. 11, 171^9, and died at Westneld. X. T., Oct. lo. 1.S79. He was the son of Thomas and Elizabeth Wallace) Parter^on, and the grasiiscn of Peter and Grisel (Wilson i Patterson, of Ljndonderry, to which place Peter emigrated in 17-37 from Bjsh Mills, County Antrim, Ireland. Peter wa- the great- grands .n of John Patterson, who came from Argyle- shire. Scotland, to Bush Mills about 1612. with a colony of Scotch emigrants. He and Lis family vfere at the siege of Derry. where one of his sons died from starvation. The homestead at Bush Mills of this John pass-ri from father to -on for six generations. Of his desoend- ; ants in the third and fourth generations, many of them came to America with the .Scotch-Irish emigra- tions. Governor Panerson's Patterson ancestry were far- I mers, and mo-t of them linen-weavers and dealers holding prominent local posit', n-. They were .Scotch- Irish Presbyterians, strotg in body and mind, able to defend themselves and their opinions. Mr. Patterson, of oar sketch, was a ready speaker and writer, with* a wonderful memory of facts and dates, brimfiil of anecdotes, ever cheerful, hoping and looking for the right to succeed. He was ol commanding presence ihis weight being from two hundred to two hundred and twenty-five f"3undsj, ^ :i^ LONDONDERRY. 533 particularly good presiding officer, which position he Held two years as speaker of the Assembly, and two years as president of the Senate of New York. His services were always in demand as a speaker at po- litical campaign meetings. Among the legislative measures originated by him was the free banking law of New York, the original bill of which he drew, and which passed. The main provisions of the free banking laws of the United States, giving the people a secured cur- rency under governmental supervision, were taken from the New York law. He closed his congressional term in his eightieth year, the year of his death. In politics he was a Whig and a Republican. In business he was suc- cessful. Thurlow Weed, his political and personal friend for over half a century, the eminent journalist and politician of New York, in an article in the N. Y. Tribune, writes, "... All the elements and qualities which elevate and adorn human life were harmoni- ously blended in the character of George W. Patter- son. His life was not only entirely blameless, but emi- nently useful. To those who knew him as I did no form of eulogium will be deemed inappropriate. As a citizen, as the bead of a family, and as a public ser- vant, he was a model man. In the discharge of legis- lative duties he was conscientious and patriotic. He was always iu his seat, and no bad, defective, equiv- ocal, or suspicious bill ever evaded or escaped his vigilant and watchful eye. He had troops of friends, and, so far as I know or believe, was without an enemy. In private life he was exceptionally fault- less. Without making a proclamation of temperance, he was always a cold-water drinker. . . ." His wife was Hannah W., daughter of John Dickey, Esq., merchant, of the West Parish, Londonderry. The last of his school education was had at the Pinkerton Academy, Derry, the first printed cata- logue of which institution showing his own and future wife's names. He was a school-teacher at Pelham, N. H., in 1817, and in 1818 engaged in the manufacture of fanning- mills, in which business he was largely interested for twenty-six years, mostly at his shops on his farm, near Moscow, in the town of Leicester, Livingston Co., N. Y. He resided there till 1841, when he removed to Westfield, N. Y., to take the agency of the Chautau- qua land-office as successor of Governor Seward, who succeeded the agent of the flolland Land Company at the Chautauqua office. When the lands became reduced by sales Mr. Pat- terson bought the residue of lands and securities of the company, and continued the sales at the West- field office till his death, when the title to the unsold lands passed to his only son. Mr. Patterson's only male descendant's son and grandson bear his name. Governor Patterson commenced holding public office soon after his residence began at Leicester in 1824, and from that time till his death it was the ex- ception that he was not in public service. At no time did he ever ask for an appointment or nomina- tion, these positions coming unsolicited. When jus- tices of the peace became elective he was chosen to that office, which he retained by successive elections till he removed to Westfield, the majorities in his town being generally on the side opposed to him in politics. A summary of the offices held by Mr. Patterson is as follows : He was commissioner of highways, school commis- sioner, justice of the peace, brigade paymaster, and supervisor of Leicester; was a member of the State Assembly eight years, the last two of which, 1839 and 1840, he was Speaker of the House; removed to West- field, N. Y., in 1841, to take charge of the Chautau- qua land-office; was appointed basin commissioner at Albany by Governor Seward, harbor commis- sionef at New York by Governor Clark, and quar- antine commissioner for the port of New York by Governor Morgan ; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention that nominated John C. Fre- mont for President, and to the National Republican Convention that renominated Abraham Lincoln for a second Presidential term ; has been supervisor of Westfield three years ; president of Westfield Acad- emy and president of the Board of Education of West- field many years; represented the county of Chautau- qua in the State Constitutional Convention in 1846 ; was elected Lieutenant-Governor of the State of New York in 1848 ; and in 1876 was elected to the forty- fifth Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 16,910 votes against 10,601 votes for James Freland, Democrat. He was a director in the Buifalo and State Line Rail- road from its organization, June, 1849, till its consol- idation. May, 1867, and from that date till June, 1868, a director in the Buffalo and Erie Railroad, now a part of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Rail- road. ROBERT CLARK MACK. Robert Clark Mack was born in Londonderry, N. H,, where he now resides, Dec. 31, 1818. He is the son of Robert and Ann Clark Mack, of Londonderry, grandson of Andrew and Elizabeth (Clark) Mack, also of Londonderry, and great-grand- son of John and Isabella (Brown) Mack, who came from the north of Ireland in 1732, and settled on the farm now owned by Col. W. S. Pillsbury. Their house stood directly opposite the dwelling of Mr. Aaron P. Hardy, and a few feet easterly tf Mr. Hardy's store. A fine old elm still keeps "watch and ward" over the well from which the. ancestral Macks drew the crystal fluid. R. C. Mack is a descendant through both the paternal and maternal lines of Rob- ert Clark, an early .settler of the English Range, in 584 HISTORY OF KOCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. old Londonderry. He would have been a blacksmith had he followed the calling of his Mack ancestors, as that was the family trade as far back as their history can be traced ; but that royal line of labor becoming extinct in the family when his father, the late Robert Mack, Esq., left the forge for the farm, about 1838, he chose the occupation of a farmer, which he has followed thus far in life. For his early education he is indebted to the common school, a term at Brackett Academy, in Greenland, N. H., and a terra or two at the academy in Pembroke, N. H. This gave him sufficient educa- tion to instruct in the district schools. In the winter of 1839-40 he taught a term in Bed- ford, N. H., and subsequently one in Londonderry, two in Chatham, Mass., one at Danvers, Mass., and two terms in Beverly, Mass. He has never overesti- mated his capacities for public office, and preferring the home fireside and his literary labors to the noise and clamor of political life, has given his fellow-towns- men no opportunity to encourage developmeuts in that direction. Shortly after the establishment oT the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, he made daily observations of the weather for the institution, sending monthly reports for several years. Upon the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion he made the draft-enrollment of Londonderry, Derry, Windham, and Salem, N. H., under appointment from the pro- vost-marshal of the First New Hampshire District. In 1870 he was appointed consul at Londonderry, Ire- land, by Gen. Grant, but was compelled to refuse the position on account of the declining health of his father, then rapidly approaching the end of his long life. The same year he compiled a volume of one hundred and twenty-four pages upon the Londonderry celebration, entitled "Exercises on the One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Settlement of Old Nutfield." His tastes have led him into local history, but the laborers in this field are so few that they often enjoy a reputation beyond their attainments. -Yet his is worthily given. Mr. Mack is a member of the New Hampshire Historical Society, and also of a like so- ciety in Oneida County, N. Y. March 6, 1856, he married Jane Duncan Patterson, daughter of Capt. Thomas and Hannah (Duncan) Patterson, of London- derry, N. H. In this connection it may be added that Mr. Mack has prepared a comprehensive history of the Patterson and Wallace families, which is now nearly ready for the press. Londonderry." Jonathan Savory, whose portrait ap- pears on another page, was born In Londonderry, May 7, 1812. He received a common-school educa- tion, and also took a course of instruction at the academy of Derry. He spent his youth on the farm, and became manager of his father's afl^airs at the age of fourteen, owing to his father becoming an invalid. When he was about twenty years of age his mother died. In 1833 he commenced teaching school, and taught twelve sessions in his native town. He walked a distance of five miles and taught school at the meagre salary of one dollar per day. On the 21st of March, 1836, he married Abigail, daughter of Naph- tali and Abigail (Scribner) Coffin. She was born on the 4th of January, 1814. They began housekeep- ing at his father's old homestead, which is still in possession of Mrs. Savory. He entered militia service early in life, and went through every grade of pronjfltieu from private to colonel, which commission he held when he resigned at the age of twenty-four. Col. Savory was a successful man in life. He began life poor and amassed a compe- tence ; at the same time he commanded the respect, es- teem, and confidence of all who knew him. He was se- lectman of his town three terms, represented hi.-! town in Legislature twice, and held various other town offi- ces and positions of trust. He connected himself with the First Presbyterian Church about or previous to 1832. He was a trustee of Derry Bank, and was a rep- resentative farmer of the town. He was remarkable for candor and truthfulness; it is said his word was never doubted. He was strong in his convictions, in his attachments and friendships. He was reticent rather than voluble, yet quite sociable and agreeable. In personal appearance he was imposing and com- manding. He died Feb. 2, 1881, leafing a devoted wife and large circle of warm and sincere friends to mourn his loss. JONATHAN SAVORY. I The following ancestral history of Col. Jonathan ' Savory is furnished by Robert C. Mack, of London- derry : •" Jonathan' (Savory), GrizzelP (Savory), Mar- garet^ (Holmes), Peter* Patterson, John' Patterson, Robert^ Patterson, John' Patterson, of Scotland. Col. Jonathan Savory's father was named Thomas, and his grandfather was named Jonathan, long an elder in the Presbyterian Church in the West Parish in AARON P. HARDY. Aaron P. Hardy was born Oct. 9, 1815, in London- derry, N. H. His father was Daniel Hardy, born in Bradford, Mass., and his mother Sarah (Conner) Hardy, born in Pembroke, N. H., and daughter of Joseph Conner, a merchant, trader, and farmer of that town. Daniel Hardy moved to Londonderry in 1802, and kept tavern several years. Aaron had but limited common-school education; his parents were poor, and he was early taught to earn a living. When only eleven years old he was hired out, first season at three dollars per month for six months, and second season at four dollars and a half a month. He con- tinued with his father until about eighteen years old, when he went to rtjake shoes with Joshua Austin, working six months without compensation for a knowledge of the trade. He then returned to his father's. The tools necessary to start shoemaking cost about ten dollars, while young Hardy had but ^r7ir>'//^r^y'^ Z^a I'tr^ ?/, ^cx^^-^ "Tt^^^ )-6x-r^ CL^^ Hubbard White, son of Amos and Sarah White, was born in Dover, N. H., Nov. 30, 1802. He received his education in tlie public schools there and at the Wakefield (N. H.) Academy, where he was fitted for college. He graduated in Bowdoin College in 1822, and among his classmates were Hawthorne, ex-President Pierce, and William Hale, of Dover. He then studied law in the offices of Charles AV. Cutter and James Bartlett, of his native town, and in 1825 was admitted to the bar of Strafford County. In 182G he opened a law-office, and continued in the practice of his profession up to the time he was stricken by his fatal illness. In September, 1828, he was ap- pointed postmaster of Dover, and served until May 19, 1829-; was representative to the New Hampshire Legislature in 1833-34. He was member of the board of selectmen of the town of Dover in 1844; chosen register of probate in 1849, and remained in office eight years; was first judge of the Police Court of the city of Dover, being chosen April 8, 1853, and serving to June 26, 1857. He died Sept. 7, 1882. Eichaed Kimball was born March 1, 1798, and was the son of Nathaniel Kimball, of North Berwick, Me. He was a student in the Phillips Exeter Acad- emy, and went through his preparatory professional course in the office of Hon. Asa Freeman, and it is believed at the law-school in Litchfield, Conn. He was admitted to practice at about tlie age of thirty years, and settled in Dover, for a short time having the editorial charge of the Strafford Advertiser. He removed to Somersworth in 1829, thence to Kochester in 1835, and back to Dover in 1848. In Rochester he was the agent of a manufactory of flannels for a time. After his return to Dover in 1857 he received the commission of judge of the Police Court, and per- formed the duties of the office for about ten years. He did not desire professional business at that period, but passed much of his time on his farm outside the city of Dover. He was regarded as a sound and well-read lawyer, and an excellent citizen. The later years of his life he passed with his relatives in or about Boston, and his death occurred at Dover, March 2, 1881. John Parker Hale' was born in Rochester, N. H., March 31, 1800. His father, John P. Hale, was a Lawyer of much ability and influence and great personal popularity, who died in 1819, at the age of forty-two years, leaving a large family in limited circumstances, the subject of this sketch being then but thirteen years old. As a boy he was popular among his fellows, active, loving sport, quick to learn, courageous, kind, and free from vindictive- ness, qualities which adhered to him through life, making him very popular in the community in which he lived, and in the counties where iie practiced at the bar, and commanding the good will and respect of the men whom his convictions led him to oppose. After such education as was to be had in the schools of his native village he had the benefit of Phillips' Exeter Academy in liis preparatory studies for col- lege, and graduated at Bowdoin in 1827. Mr, Hale, on leaving college, entered upon the study of the law in the office of J. U. NVoodman, Esq., of Rochester, and completed his studies with Daniel M. Christie, Esq., of Dover, where he had the advantage of the instruction of one of the ablest lawyers ever at the bar in the State. He began to practice in Dover in 1830, and for about forty years was the nearest neighbor of his old instructor, who was always one of his warmest friends, although tlie two were generally pitted against each other in all 1 By Hon. Jacob II. Elu, in the Gmnile Moulhli/. ■si^^a.-vecL'by J ^.B-'ittre z:-' c / > z C^ BENCH AND BAH. f,93 the leading cases in court, and differed much of tlie time politically. They finally came together, how- ever, the one from the stand-point of an anti-slavery Whig, and the other from that of a Democrat with anti-slavery tendencies. Mr. Hale at once took high rank at the har, and was noted for his tact and skill in handling witnesses, and his great power with a jury. Of all the advo- cates who practiced at the bar of the old county of Strafford, Ichabod Bartlett, of Portsmouth, is the only one remembered who equaled him in skill with wit- nesses, or possessed that wit and hum'or, burning indignation and touching pathos which was often brought out in his appeals to the jury. His practice rapidly extended outside his own county into Belknap, Carroll, and Rockingham. In 1834, Mr. Hale was appointed United States district attorney by Gen. Jack- son, and was reappointed by President Van Buren. In all his ideas Mr. Hale was democratic and jeal- ous of every encroachment upon popular rights. As a.lawyer he contended for the right of the jury to be judges of the law to be applied to the case, as well as of the facts, and protested against their being in- structed how they must construe and apply the law by the judges, leaving them only to find a verdict on the facts. He won reputation as a lawyer outside the bar of New Hampshire in the Supreme Court at Washington, and in the celebrated fugitive slave rescue cases in Boston. When Shadrach was rescued in 1851 from the court-house in Boston by Lewis Hayden and others and sent to Canada, great excite- ment arose over the country, and especially in AVash- ington, where the President issued a proclamation commanding "all officers, civil and military, and all well-disposed citizens in the vicinity of the outrage to assist in capturing the rescuers and quelling all similar combinations." The Senate took up the matter on a resolution of Mr. Clay's calling on the President for information, and a special message was received in answer, with the facts, and assurances that the law should be executed. The debate which followed was fierce and exciting, many senators participating. Mr. Hale said he thought " the Presi- dent felt pretty sure he had made the administration ridiculous by his proclamation, and had sent a labored essay to vindicate what could not be vindicated." Hayden and Scott, the leaders in the rescue, were indicted qnd tried, but the jury failed to agree, not- withstanding the character of the testimony and the strong charge of the judge. Mr. Hale, who was the leading counsel for the defense, made one of the most noted efforts of the times, addressed to the jury and the country. When the case of Anthony Burns came up in Boston, three years later, there was still greater excitement. Theodore Parker, accidentally hearing of the arrest, with difficulty got access to the man, and with the aid of counsel, whom he notified, pro- cured a continuance that Burns might make defense. An immense meeting was held in Faneuil Hall to 38 consider what the crisis required. A party who were too impatient to wait for the slower plans of the Anti- man-hunting League with a stick of timber battered down the outer doors where Burns was confined. The garrison inside made a stand in the breach, and one of the marshal's assistants, James Batchelder, was killed. The noise drew the police to the scene, and the accident of a military company marching into the court-area, returning fro.nn target practice, being mistaken for a company of marines coming to strengthen the garrison, the attacking party did not feel strong enough to follow up their first success, and the rescue failed. The President ordered the adjutant-general of the army to Boston, and the troops in New York were kept under orders to march upon call, in addition to other preparations to pre- vent a rescue. Indictments were found against Theodore Parker, Wendell Phillips, Martin Stowell, Thomas Went- worth Higgins, and others, some for murder, and others for assault and riot, mainly for the speeches they made at the Fanueil Hall meeting. Mr. Hale was again secured as leading counsel for the defense, assisted by Charles M. Ellis, William L. Burt, John A. Andrew, and Henry F. Durant. The indictments broke down, and the parties were never brought to trial. Theodore Parker afterwards published the " defense" he had prepared, and dedicated it to his lawyer, John P. Hale. From the time of his graduating Mr. Hale took great interest in political matters, and in 1832, two years after commencing the practice of law in Dover, was elected to the Legislature, at the age of twenty- six. Having identified himself with the Democratic party, he became one of its most able and eloquent supporters, and in 1843 was elected a representative to Congress, on a general ticket with Edmund Burke, Moses Norris, Jr., James H. Johnson, and John R. Reding. On the assembling of Congress in Decem- ber an exciting debate arose on the report made by John Quincy Adams, chairman of the committee on rules, which left out the famous twenty-first rule, known as the gag rule, that had been adopted in 1838 by a resolution introduced by Mr. Atherton, of New Hampshire, which required that "every petition, me- morial, resolution, proposition, or paper touching or relating in any way, or to any extent whatever, to slavery or the abolition thereof shall, on presentation, without any further action thereon, be laid on the table, without being debated, printed, or referred." During the debate Mr. Hale, with Hamlin, of Maine, and a few other Democrats, avowed their opposition to the longer suppression of the right of petition. The report was laid on the table, and the rule con- tinued by a small majority. It had originally been adopted by a vote of about two to one. This, was the beginning of Mr.' Hale's anti-slavery action in Con- gress, which was destined to bring him so conspicu- ously before the country. 594 HISTORY OP STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. In the Presidential campaign of 1844, Mr. Hale took an active part. He distinguished himself as a political speaker, and contributed much to the success of his party. The question of the annexation of Texas had exercised a controlling interest in the South, from the necessity it saw of obtaining more slave territory if they would maintain their power in view of the growing anti-slavery sentiment in the North, whicli was beginning to affect the action of Demo- crats. Mr. Clay had lost the State of New York, and with it the election, in consequence of his hesitating position of opposition to the measure, which sent enough Whig anti-slavery votes to have elected him to Birney. Mr. Hale was known to be opposed to annexation, as were many other New Hampshire Democrats, but no opposition was made to his re- nomination to Congress, as fealty to that measure had not yet become a shibboleth of the party, as it did soon after. On the assembling of Congress, in De- cember, 1844, the advocates of annexation at once entered upon the work for its consummation. Presi- dent Tyler, in his message, called for immediate ac- tion, and during that month several schemes for an- nexation were submitted. In part to show the pro- slavery character of the movement, and to fix a western limit beyond which slavery should not go, Mr. Hale, on the 10th of January, moved a suspension of the rules, to enable him to introduce a proposition to divide Texas into two parts, by a line beginning at a point on the Oulf of Mexico midway between the northern and southern boundaries, and running in a northwesterly direction. In the territory south and west of that line it was provided that there should be neither slavery or involuntary servitude; and that the provision was to remain forever an inviolable con- tract. The motion had a majority of eleven, but failed to receive the requisite two-thirds. The neces- sities of the South now made it necessary to suppress all opposition to the scheme of annexation. The election had put the control of the government in the hands of its friends, and all its patronage was to be wielded to secure that result. The Legislature of New Hampshire was in session, as was then the cus- tom, every winter of the presidential year, to provide electors in case of failure to elect by the people, and resolutions were at once introduced and pushed through favoring annexation, and instructing the delegation in Congress from the State to sustain it. "Obey or resign" had long been a Democratic doctrine in the State; and while most of the members might not so have understood it, the leaders were aiming at Mr. Hale, who had favored that doctrine. He met these resolutions with defiance. He stood by the record he had made against any further strengthening of the slave power, while mortified to see so many of his associates going down before it, among them the editor of the Democratic paper in his own town, who had expressed the desire that an impassable gulf might forever exist to prevent annexation, while another leading Democratic editor declared tlie whole scheme "black as ink, and bitter as hell." It was a great step to take, and a less daring spirit would not have ventured it. Poor in property, with a family to support, the most popular man in his party, with power to command and ability to adorn any position his ambition might seek on the one side, with aliena- tion of social and political friends, ostracism in busi- ness and politics, by a party which had for sixteen years had unbroken sway and remorselessly cut down every man who dared to oppose its declared will on the other, were the alternatives. Few men have shown such greatness of soul and loyalty to convic- victions under such temptations. While most men would have yielded, Mr. Hale did not falter, but at once wrote his celebrated letter to the people of New Hampshire against the action of the Legislature in its resolutions, in which, after setting forth the aims and purposes of annexation, and the reasons given by the advocates and supporters of the measure, he declared them to be " eminently calculated to provoke tkc scorn of earth and the judgment of heaven." He said he would never consent by any agency of his to place the country in the attitude of annexing a for- eign nation for the avowed purpose of sustaining and perpetuating human slavery ; and if they were favor- able to such a measure, they must choose another representative to carry out their wishes. The Democratic State Committee immediately issued a call for the reassembling of the Democratic Convention at Concord on the 12th of February, 1845, and every Democratic paper which could be prevailed upon to do so opened its battery of de- nunciation, calling upon the convention to rebuke and silence Mr. Hale. To show what efforts were made to crush him it need only be said that such leaders of the party as Franklin Pierce, who had been his warm friend ever since they were i'ellow- students in college, went forth over the State to organize the opposition. At Dover he called in the leaders of the party, and the editor of the Dover Gazette, who had taken such strong ground against annexation, and under their influence the Gazette changed sides and went over to Mr. Hale's enemies. He then went to Portsmouth and brought over the leaders there, with the exception of John L. Hayes, then clerk of the United States Court. The same result followed at Exeter, with the exception of Hon. Amos Tuck. In this way the convention was pre- pared to throw overboard Mr. Hale, and put another name on the ticket in place of his. Expecting no other fate when lie wrote his letter, Mr. Hale re- mained at his post in Congress, and only assisted his friends from that point, making arrangements at the same time to enter upon the practice of law in New York City upon the close of his term. But resolute friends who believed with him rose up in all parts of the State to defeat the election of John Woodbury, who had been nominated in the place of Mr. Hale. BENCH AND BAR. 595 Prominent among these in addition to those named above were Nathaniel D. Wetmore, of Rochester ; John Dow, of Epping ; George G. Fogg, then of Gilmanton ; James M. Gates, of Claremont ; James Peverly, of Concord; John Brown, of Ossipee; George W. Stevens, of Meredith ; John A. Rollins, of Moultonboro'; James W. James, of Deerfield; N. P. Cram, of Hampton Falls; and Samuel B. Par- sons, of Colebrooli, with others of like stamp, who organized the first successful revolt against the de- mands of the slave power, which until then had been invincible. Through their efforts Woodbury, the nominee of the convention, failed to secure the majority over all others needed to elect him, and an- other election was called to fill the vacancy. Great excitement pervaded the State during the canvass, into which Mr. Hale entered with spirit, giving full play to all those characteristics which made him the foremost orator of the State before the peo- ple as he had been before juries. ■ The canvass opened in Concord in June, on the week for the assembling of the Legislature in the old North Church. To break the force and effect of Mr. Hale's speech there, the Democratic leaders determined that it should be answered on the spot, and selected Franklin Pierce for the work. On his way up to the church Mr. Hale saw no people in the streets, and he began to fear there might be a failure in the expected numbers in attendance, as there had been once before in the same place in 1840, when he and other leaders of the party were to ad- dress a mass-meeting, but when he reached the old church he saw why the streets were vacant, — the peo- ple had all gone early to be sure of getting in, and the house was full to overflowing. Aware that he was addres.sing not only the citizens of Concord and ad- joining towns and members of the Legislature, but the religious, benevolent, and other organizations which always met in Concord on- election week, he spoke with more than his usual calmness and dignity. He created a profound impression, and made all feel, whether agreeing with him or not, that h-e had acted from a high sense of public duty and conviction. Mr. Pierce, who had few equals as a speaker, saw the marked effect of Mr. Hale's address, and spoke under great excitement. He was bitter and sarcastic in tone and matter, and domineering and arrogant in his manner, if not personally insulting. The conven- tion was wrought up to the highest pitch of excitement when Mr. Hale rose to reply. He spoke briefly but effectively, and closed by saying,— " I expected to be called ambitious, to have my name cast out as evil, to be traduced and misrepre- sented. I have not been disappointed ; but if things have come to this condition, that conscience and a sacred regard for truth and duty are to be publicly held up to ridicule, and scouted without rebuke, as has just been done here, it matters little whether we are annexed to Texas or Texas is annexed to us. I may be permitted to say that the measure of my ambition will be full if when my earthly career shall be finished and my bones be laid bene.ith the soil of New Hamp- shire, when my wife and children shall repair to my grave to drop the tear of affection to my memory, they may read on ray tombstone, 'He who lies be- neath surrendered office, place, and power rather than bow down and worship slavery.' " The scene which followed can be imagined but not described, as round after round of applause greeted this close. At the end of the canvass in September, with three candidates in the field, there was again no election. A second effort in November ended with a like result. No other attempt was made until the annual March election of 1846, when full tickets were placed in the field by the Democrats, Whigs, Free- Soilers, and Independent Democrats. The issue of no more slave territory was distinctly made, and a can- vass such as the State had never known before, in which Mr. Hale took the leading part, resulted in a triumphant vindication of his course and the complete overthrow of the Democratic party, which was beaten at all points. Mr. Hale was elected to the House from Ddver on the Independent ticket, and on the opening of thesession was made Speaker'of the House of Repre- sentatives, and during the session was elected United States senator for the full term of six years. During this session of the Legislature an incident took place which exhibited the independent spirit of the man. Dr. Low, a member from Dover, introduced resolu- tions upon the tariff, slavery, and annexation, taking the ultra- Whig view of the tariff question, and in- tended to bring Mr. Hale and his friends to their sup- port as the condition upon which he could have the vote of a considerable portion of the AVhig party. But instead of yielding his convictions for the con- sideration of their support, he and his friends de- clared they would submit to no shackles ; they had fought successfully against the tyranny of one polit- ical organization, and no allurements of a senatorship should stifle their convictions and bind their judg- ment to tlie dictations of another. Much excitement followed, but the counsels of the liberal Whigs pre- vailed. The resolutions were not called up until after the senatorial election, when Mr. Hale left the Speaker's chair and offered amendments, which were adopted after a strong speech by him in their favor. He was supported by his old friend and instructor, Daniel M. Cliristie, of Dover, also a member of the House, who had done much to quiet the opposition and induce it to vote for Mr. Hale. The hearts of the friends of liberty all over the country were filled with joy at the auspicious result of this first victory over the slave power after repeated, prolonged, and excited struggles both before the peo- ple and at the polls. Mr. Hale entered the Senate in 1847, and for two years stood alone with unfalter- ing courage, battling the aggressive measures of the slave power with surpassing eloquence, keen wit, uii- 596 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. failing good humor, and boundless resources for any and every emergency. He drew the attention of the country during this session by the telling blows he struck for the great cause of human freedom, to which he dedicated all the noblest powers of his mature manhood. He stood fearless against every threat and all combinations. It was of his debates during his first senatorial term, after his return from Spain, broken in health, that Charles Summer said to the writer, " Poor Hale ! It is sad to see his manly form crippled and shrunken. He stood up bravely and alone before the rest of us got there to aid him, and said things on the spur of the moment that will last and be remembered when the labored efforts of the rest of us are forgotten." Chase, of Ohio, a sturdy son of New Hampshire, came to the Senate in 1849 to stand beside him, and two years later, in 1851, Sum- ner, of Massachusetts. They constituted a trio of great ability, but were treated as interlopers and re- fused positions on the committees of the Senate, for the reason, as alleged by Bright, of Indiana, that " they belonged to no healthy organization known to the country." One of the first debates in which Mr. Hale distin- guished himself after'entering the Senate was on the admission of Oregon, when he proposed to add the ordinance of 1787 excluding slavery, which drew on a fierce debate. AVhen accused of provoking a "useless and pestiferous discussion," he told them with his accustomed good-nature that he was " will- ing to stand. where the word of God and his con- science placed him, and there bid defiance to conse- quences." Early in April, 1848, the year of popular upheav- ings and revolutions in Europe, President Polk sent a message to Congress, announcing in glowing terms the uprising of the French people, the peaceful over- throw of the monarchy, and the establishment of a republic. Resolutions were introduced in the House of Representatives tendering their warmest sympathy with the struggling patriots, and expressing tlie hope " that down-trodden humanity may succeed in break- ing down all forms of tyranny and oppression." Similar resolutions were introduced in the Senate. Speaking on the question in a sad strain, Mr. Hale said, — "I have sometimes thought, in dwelling upon the history of this republic, that I have seen indications, i'curful and fatal, that we were departing from the faith of our fathers ; that instead of living true to the first principles of human liberty which \ve have proclaimed we were cutting loose from them ; that the illustra- tion we were about to give of the capability of man for self government was to be the same as that of all other nations that have gone before us ; and that after our failure the hope of freedom would indeed be ex- tinguished forever. But in the daft-ning of this revo- lution in France I behold the sun of hope again arise his beams of golden light streaming along the eastern horizon. I am now inspired by the hope that even if we fail here, if liberty should be driven from this her chosen asylum, the divine principle would still live and would find a sanctuary among the people of an- other land, and when our history shall have been written, and our tale told, with its sad moral of our faithlesisness to liberty, boasting of 'our love of free- dom while we listened unmoved to the clanking of chains and the wail of the bondmen, even then, in a continent of the Old World, light would be seen breaking out of darkness, life out of death, and hope out of despair." There was a municipal celebration of this event in Washington, with torchlight procession and other out- door demonstrations, the houses of the President and heads of the departments being illuminated. During these demonstrations the schooner " Pearl" came to Washington loaded with wood, and when she left took away seventy-seven slaves. Such an exodus caused great commotion, and an armed steamer was sent in hot pursuit, which overtook the schooner at the mouth of the Potomac and brought her back with her ill-fated company. The greatest excitement pre- vailed, and out of it came a mob, which, after partially exhausting its fury, started for the office of the -Na- tional Era to destroy it, but were frustrated in their purpose. In Congress the excitement was as fierce and intense as outside. In the House the debate was especially bitter. In the Senate Mr. Hale offered a resolution, copied from tlie laws of Maryland, provid- ing that any property destroyed by riotous assem- blages should " be paid for by any town or county in the district where it occurs." Mr. Calhoun was " amazed that even the senator from New Hampshire should have so little regard for the Constitution of the country as to introduce such a bill as this without including in it the severest penalties against the atro- cious act which had occasioned this excitement," . . . and he " would just as soon argue with a maniac from Bedlam as with the senator from New Hampshire oij the subject." Foote, of Mississippi, denounced the bill "as obviously intended to cover and protect negro- stealing." Turning to Mr. Hale he said, " I invite him to visit Mississippi, and will tell him beforehand in all honesty that he could not go ten miles into the interior before he would grace one of the tallest trees of the forest with a rope around his neck, with the approbation of every honest and patriotic citizen; and that, if necessary, I should myself assist in the operation." JeflTerson Davis and Butler, of South Carolina, joined in the attack upon him in the same strain, while he stood alone. Mr. Hale explained iiis purpose in introducing the resolution, and in replying to the assaults said, "The notes of congratulation sent across the Atlantic to the people of France on their deliverance from thralldom have hardly ceased when the supremacy of mob law and the destruction of the freedom of the press are threatened in the capital of the nation." Referring to Foote's threat- BENCH AND BAR. 507 ened reception in Mississippi, he invited tlie senator to visit " tlie darli corners of New Hampshire, where the people in that benighted region will be very happy to listen to his arguments and engage in the intel- lectual conflict with him, in which the truth would be elicited." Turning to Calhoun he said, " It has long been held by you that your peculiar institution is incompatible with the right of speech ; but if it is also incompatible with the safeguards of the Constitu- ■ tion being thrown around the property of the Amer- ican citizen, let the country know it. If that is to be the principle of your action, let it be proclaimed throughout the length and breadth of the land that there is an institution so omnipotent, so almighty, that even the sacred rights of life and property must bow down before it. There could not he a better oc- casion tlian this to appeal to the countr}'. Let the tocsin sound ; let the word go forth." He further told Calhoun that it was " a novel mode of terminat- ing a controversy by charitably throwing the mantle of a maniac irresponsibility upon one's antagonist." Adjournment closed the discussion, and the Senate refused to take it up afterwards. In December, ISoO, Mr. Foote, of Mississippi, in- troduced a resolution declaring it to be the_duty of Congress to provide territorial government for Cali- fornia, Deseret, and New Mexico. Mr. Hale offered an amendment that the ordinance of 1787 should be applied. It was during the debate which followed that Mr. Webster made his 7th of March speech. During the discussion Mr. Hale occupied two days in an argument vindicating the measures and acts of the anti-slavery men. Eeplying to Mr. Webster, he said, " Yet the senator declares he would not re-enact the laws of God. Well, sir, I would. When he tells me' that the law of God is against slavery, it is a most potent argument why we should incorporate it in a territorial bill." In closing he said, "And firmly believing in the providences of God, we trust the day will dawn in this country when the word ' slavery' shall be a word without a meaning, . . . when any section of the Union will join hands with another in spreading abroad the principles of humanity, philosophy, and Christianity, which shall elevate every son and daugh- ter of the human race to that liberty for which they were created and for which they were destined by God. These opinions, sir, we entertain, and these hopes we cherish ; and we do not fear to avow them, here, now, always, and forever." Mr. Hamlin and Mr. Hale presented petitions for the repeal of the Fugitive Slave Act, one of which was referred to the judiciary committee. A debate sprung up on a motion for reconsideration, which gave rise to a spirited controversy. Butler, of South Carolina, declared he " was tired of casting impediments in the stream of anti-slavery agitation; they might as well attempt to put a maniac asleep by lullabies." Mr. Hale in reply said "agitation was the great ele- mentof life. It gave birth to the Revolution and the Constitution, and none but those who hug fatal errors have anything to fear from that life-giving. element, which will impart its healing as did the waters at the beautiful gate of the temple when the angel had gone down and stirred them. ... As for myself, I glory in the name of agitator." The period of greatest interest in Mr. Hale's sena- torial career centres around his first term, when he stood alone, or almost alone, in the thick of the con- flict, undaunted, and dealing blo.ws to the oppressor on every side. There were no weak places in his ar- mor, and neither threats, .attacks, or allurements could shake his constancy. When this term expired the Democratic party had obtained control in New Hampshire ; but two years later, in 1855, they lost it, and Mr. Hale was again elected for four years, to fill a vacancy occasioned by the death of Charles G. Atherton. He was again reelected for a full terra in 1858. He was conspicuous in this term for his integ- rity and fearless independence in exposing the mal- administration and extravagance of the navy de- partment, while acting as chairman of the naval committee of the Senate. Mr. Hale was nominated as the Free-Soil candidate for the Presidency in 1847, but declined after the nomination of Mr. Van Buren at the Buffalo Conven- tion in 1848. He was again nominated for President by the Free-Soil Convention in 1852, with George W. Julian for Vice-President, and received at the No- vember election 155,850 votes. At the cloSe of his senatorial career, in 1865, Mr. Hale was appointed minister to Spain by President Lincoln, and was absent fi^e years, much of the tinTe in ill health. He came home with a broken consti- tution. His health, which had always been perfect up to the time of the well-remembered National Hotel sickness, was never so good afterwards. He lived to see the full triumph of his efforts to rid the land of slavery, and the freedmen placed as citi- zens with the ballot under the protection of the Con- stitution, and died Nov. 19, 1873, bearing with him the blessing of millions who had been raised from the sorrow and degradation of human servitude, and of millions more who had admired his unselfish fidelity to the cause he had espoused, and his unwavering in- tegrity. Charles William Woodman is a son of Jere- miah H. Woodman, Esq., and was born in Rochester, Dec. 7, 1809. His law studies he completed under the tuition of his father and others, having graduated at Dartmouth College in the class of 1829. He opened an office in Somersworth in 1833, but removed to Dover the next year, and has resided there ever since. He was solicitor for Strafford County from 1839 to 1844; judge of probate from 1846 to 1853;. judge of the State Circuit Court of Common Pleas from 1854 to 1855, when the court was abolished. He has rep- resented the city of Dover in the General Court in 508 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the years 1861 and 1862, and again in 1878 and 1879. He has lonj; been a commissioner of the Circuit Court of the United States, and is still in full practice in Dover. Francis Cogswell belonged to a family of some note in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. He was born in Atkinson, Dec. 21, 1800, and was the son of Dr. William Cogswell, an officer in the Revolution. Graduating from Dartmouth College in the class of 1822, he chose the law for his profession, and read in the office of Stephen Moody, Esq., of Gilmanton. He made his first essay in practice in Tuftonborough, then changed to Ossipee, and in 1834 went to Dover as clerk of the courts. In 1842 he quitted the law, and was agent of a manufacturing corporation in Andover, Mass. Subsequently he became cashier of a bank, and later a director of the Boston and Maine Railroad. In 1856 he was chosen president of that corporation, and administered its important affiiirs for twelve years with ability and prudence. He held various positions of trust, and was much e-^teemed and respected. He died Feb. 11, 1880, at Andover. JOHX H. Smith was a son of John Smith, of Roches- ter. He studied law in that place with J. H. Wood- man, Esq., and entered the practice at Centre Harbor in 1824. Staying there but a short time he went to Conway for a while, and then returned to Rochester, where he resided until 1838, and then moved to Dover. AVhile in Rochester in 1832 he was chosen a repre- sentative in the General Court. In 1841 he received the appointment of clerk of the courts in Strafford County, a position which he retained through his life. He was killed in the terrible railroad collision at Meredith, Oct. 7, 1852. George Thomas "Wextwoeth, son of Isaac AVent- worth, was born at Dover, Oct. 17, 1814, and was an attorney-at-law in that place for many years. He also held the office of town clerk from 1845 to 1850, and that of postmaster under Presidents Tyler and Fillmore. He died July 3, 1874. Amasa Roberts, son of Ephraim Roberts, of Far- mington, was born there March 2, 1814. He took his bachelor's degree at Dartmouth College in 1838, and .studied the profession of the law in the office of Hon. Charles W. Woodman, of Dover. There he be- gan practice and permanently resided. He was town clerk of Dover from 1853 to 1856, and register of pro- bate in 1867 and 1868. He died in Dover Mav 8 1877. '^ y ' Luther Dearborx Sawyer, son of Timothy Sawyer, was born in Wakefield, March 7, 1803. He was educated at Phillips' Exeter Academy and Bow- doin College, from which he graduated in 1828. His profession he studied with Messrs. Sawyer & Hobbs, and he was admitted to practice in 1832. He began business in Ossipee, and remained there, with the exception of about a year that he was in Sandwich, until 1859, when he removed to Dover. There he continued about four years, and then went into Ma.s- sachusetts, where he held the office of trial justice, returning afterwards to his native town of Wakefield, where he still resides. Mr. Sawyer was postmaster of Sandwich many years ; was assistant clerk of the New Hampshire Senate in 1846 ; solicitor of the county of Carroll from 1857 to 1862, and repeatedly by special appointment afterwards; and representative in the State Legisla- ture in 1859 and 1860. He is among the oldest members of the bar in the State, but is blessed with vigorous bodily and mental powers, and still practices his profession. John Riley Varney was descended from a vig- orous ancestry. William Verney, or Varnie, of Ips- wich, Mass., the immigrant ancestor, died in Salem, Mass., in 1654. His son, Humphrey Varney, was "received an inhabitant" in Dover, N. H., Aug. 2, 1659. He married Sarah, daughter of Elder Edward and Catharine Starbuck. Their son, Peter Varney, was born in Dover, March 29, 1666-67. His son, Benjamin Varney, married Mary Hussey as early as 1720. Their son, Moses Varney, born about 1724, was married in 1750 to Esther Chick. Among their children was Moses Varney, born May 10, 1762; mar- ried, in 1782, Mercy Cloutman. Of their ten chil- dren was James Bowdoin Varney, born in Rochester, N. H., July 17, 1784; died in Dover, March 22, 1838. He married, April 14, 1812, Sarah Byles, daughter of John and Mary Riley, of Dover. The fourth of their seven children was John Riley Varney. He was born in Dover, March 26, 1819. The house where he was born stood on what is now the extension of Washington Street, opposite the new No. 1 mill. His early education was in the public schools of Dover. He then became a clerk in the store of Messrs. Alden & Morse, but soon determined that he would have a college education, and for this purpose he entered the Franklin Academy of Dover, fitted for college, went to Dartmouth, and graduated in 1843, taking the first or second position for scholarship in his clas.s. While in college he taught school during his vacations, and after his graduation taught in the Franklin Academy for two years. He then took up the occupation of civil engineer, and continued in it for ten years. Here the very strong mathematical bent of his mind had full play in the solution of those problems which enter into the laying out of railroads. He was employed for a considerable time in surveys and measurements for a route through the great forest region of New York. In 1856 Mr. Varney became clerk of the court for Strafford County, remaining in office four years. He was then chosen professor of mathematics in Dart- mouth College, in which- position he remained three years. His extraordinary capabilities in this depart- ment of science were very fully conceded. But it was with him as it was with others of like greatness in mathematical science, — as it was with Prof. Chase, •^ uLi En 'I "-'- BENCH AND BAR. 5D9 of Dartmouth, and Benjamin Pierce, of Harvard, — his mind worked with great intuitive rapidity, leap- ing at conclusions over vast distances, which to the ordinary student in mathematics must be slowly bridged by successive stages of proof and reasoning. In 1863 be was admitted to the bar, and became the partner of Hon. John P. Hale, of Dover. He served in this town as postmaster for four years. He was a member of the Legislature in 1856 and 1857, and was secretary of the Naval Committee at Washington in 1862 and 1863. He was register of probate from the death of William C. Woodman until 1874, and two years after was reappointed to the office. He also served the city as its police judge for five years, and as a member of the Board of Education for four years. In 1868 Mr. Varney became a joint proprietor and editor of the Dover Enquirer, and subsequently of the Daily Republican. These last three positions he Avas filling at the time of his death. He was also deacon of the First Church. "These are the outlines," wrote Dr. George B. Spalding, in his discourse preached at the funeral of Mr. Varney, May 5, 1882, '' which mark the course through which the public life of Mr. Varney for these forty years has run, without ambition at all commen- surate with his powers, or at all equal to the services which he has rendered to this community in every department of its interests, he has served on with diligence, with firithfulness, leaving a record which will shine brighter and brighter through the days to come, of a life of true manliness, consistency, and purity. " Mr. Varney bore about with him two natures, and they were most singularly opposite. He was large in physical stature, but every nerve tingled with life. He was as active in body as any child, buoyant and bounding in step. And that other nature, his intel- lectual, was built on the same grand scale as was his physical, but the fires beneath it were further down and burnt slowly. It took the winds of great occa- sions to breathe through the slumberous mass ; and when they did, no man in all the community could flame out to better effect. If you turn the leaves of the Dover Enquirer, now and then you will strike an editorial which is really masterful in the force of its logic, in the fullness of its fact and information, in the clearness and felicity of its language, and the elo- quence of its appeal. Articles written for the Christ- mas weeks of the Enquirer's issue, in beauty of thought, in rhythmic flow of words, in tender pathos, and re- joicing faith are gems in literature. His mind was logical. His judgment was clear. His opinions were unmistakable. He had an intense zeal for any cause he represented, for he carried to an unusual degree his moral and even religious convictions into every cause he espoused. It was the moral part in him that kindled into heat and activity his intellectual forces. He believed that his party was right, hence he battled for it with an intensity that provoked per- sonal opposition. He believed that his church was right, hence he was loyal to its every interest, to its very name, do\Vn to the core of his being. He be- lieved that his friends were good, hence he was im- patient and indignant when others spoke aught against them. And yet in all the antagonisms which he met or challenged there was no bitterness in his soul, no lingering vindictiveness in any part of his nature. He had a love for everybody, and some of the more special acts of kindness were performed for those who had sought to do him injury. He was a man of purest taste, of cleanest speech. He abhorred profanity, .irreverence, and impurity of every kind. He was pitiful and charitable to an uncommon degree. In his office of police judge he had very large discretion granted him in his adjudication of criminal cases. More than the judge on a higher bench he had oppor- tunities to mingle mercy with justice. It was not the majesty of the lijw that he kept so much in mind as the moral saving of the culprit. I have been told by others, who knew him in this very important sphere of our public interests, that often, when as magistrate, he sat like one inflexible, when nothing else could move him, the tale of suffering which further exam- ination disclosed would melt his heart. How many poor sinners have found their discharge from him, as with hearty, touching tones he has said, 'Don't do it again.' His last official act, which was performed within an hour of his death, was a judicial decision in which the kindly instincts of his heart triumphed over the undue severities of the law in the case. ' Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.' How soon was the beatitude accomplished for him ! "There was a rare combination in him of natures which are too opposite to be often found in union, — the strong, logical reasoning and the quick sensibili- ties. But these were early developed ia Mr. Varney, and were easily recognized by others, each distinct and superior of its kind, but most harmoniously blended. - In his college days he was both the mathe- matician and the poet of his class. " How much of this richness in his nature was fed by his religious faith I cannot say, but his religious faith had done much for him, and to some of us had be.en doing a very noticeable work during these few years past. " Into what mellowness he was ripening ! Into what childlike simplicity of spirit and faith! Christ was the central sun in all his speculations and forms of belief. He held at last no formularies of faith, or philosophies of salvation, or human systems of the indisputable facts and truths of revelation ; he held none of these human theories with any great tenacity of belief. But Christ was all and in all to him, suffi- cient for all needs, his and the world's." Mr. Varney at the age of sixty-two. May 2, 1882, in the full maturity of his powers and usefulness met death in an instant, under the falling walls of the coo HISTOKY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Washington Street Free-Will Baptist Church, which had been burned a few hours before. The great con- course of people (every place of business in the city being closed) which attended his funeral at the First Church, three days after, was an evidence of the great respect which all classes had for him while living, and of their deep sorrow for him when dead. Chaeles Burnham Shackfoed was the son of Samuel B. Shackford, of Chelsea, Mass., and was a graduate of Bowdoin College. He pursued his law studies in the ofBce of Hon. Samuel M. Wheeler, of Dover, and at the conclusion thereof commenced practice in that city. He was assistant clerk of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1864 and 1865, and clerk of the same in 1866 and 1867. In 1876 he was appointed solicitor of the county of Strafford, and under the revised Constitution was elected in 1878 and in 1880 to the same office. He died Jan. 2, 1881, at the age of forty years, having won an enviable reputation as a lawyer and a man. John Sullivan, sou of an educated emigrant from Ireland of the same name, was born in Somersworth, Feb. 17, 1740. With 'the advantages of such educa- tion as his father could personally give him, he studied law with Hon. Samuel Livermore, of Portsmouth, and practiced successfully in Durham. He manifested a taste for military affairs, and, in 1772, held the com- jnission of major in the militia. In 1774 his position pointed him out as a fit delegate to the first Conti- nental Congress, and in December of the same year he, in co-operation with John Langdon, led a raid against Fort William and Mary, at the mouth of the Piscataqua, and carried off therefrom one hundred barrels of gunpowder, which afterwards furnished ammunition to the patriot troops at Bunker Hill. In June following he was appointed by Congress a brig- adier-general in the Continental army, and after a year of service, major-general. He took part in the siege of Boston ; in the battle of Long Island, where he was taken prisoner ; in the successes of Princeton and Trenton ; in the engagements of Brandywine and Germantown ; and he had the chief command in the operations in Rhode Island, and in the victorious expedition against the Indians in 1779. By reason of impaired health he then resigned his commission, and was honored with a vote of thanks by Congress. Re- turning to New Hampshire, and to the practice of his profession, he was in 1780, and again in 1781, re- turned to Congress. In 17S2 he received the appoint- ment of attorney-general of New Hampshire, and retained the office till 1786, during which time he was also a member of the State Constitutional Conven- tion, in 1784, and Speaker of the House of Represen- tatives and State councilor in 1785. In 1786 he was chosen president of New Hampshire, and held the office that and the succeeding year. While president, in 1786, he rendered good service to the State in quell- ing a "paper money mob" which threatened to sub- vert the government. In 1788 he was again Speaker of the House, and president of the convention which ratified the Constitution of the United States, to which his personal exertions and influence largely contributed. In 1789 he was again elected president of the State, and in September of the same year was appointed by Washington district judge of the United States, which office he held until his death, Jan. 23, 1795. Gen. Sullivan was a prominent figure of the Revo- lutionary era. His influence weighed strongly in committing his native State upon the side of resist- ance to the encroachments of Great Britain. He was a deserving rather than a fortunate general, but he always retained the confidence of Washington, a rare judge of merit, and of the people of his own State, who knew him best. He was impulsive, brave, and patriotic, and made many sacrifices for his country. He was an able and successful lawyer, and an attor- ney-general sans reproche and sans peur also, as was evidenced by his intrepid conduct in sustaining the court against the insurgents in Cheshire County in 1782. In all times of trial he was found firm and un- shaken. The important part that he bore in gaining our liberties and in shaping the organic law of the State and the nation, as well as in launching the gov- ernment and piloting it through the perils of novelty, entitles his memory to the highest respect and grati- tude of his successors. Ebenezee Smith was a nativtf of Durham, born in March, 1758. Gen. John Sullivan was his law- preceptor, and he established himself in practice in his native town as early as 1787. In the years 1788, 1793, 1794, and 1795, he was a member of the Execu- tive Council of the State, and in 1798 he is said to have received and declined the appointment of asso- ciate justice of the Superior Court. He maintained through life u. highly respectable standing in his profession and as a citizen, and died at Durham, Sept. 24, 1831, at the age of seventy- three ; having held for twenty years the office of president of the Strafford County bar. Jonathan Steele was a son of David Steele, of Peterborough, but was born in Londonderry Sept. 3, 1760, and on the " Prentice place" it is believed, which is mentioned in the notice of Hon. John Prentice in the history of Rockingham'' County. He attended the town schools, and later an academy, and studied law in the office of Gen. John Sullivan. Admitted to the bar in 1787, he began to practice in Durham, and the next year married Lydia, the daughter of Gen. Sullivan. He became a lawyer of prominence, and was studious and attentive to the interests of his clients. His style of address to the court and jury was clear and energetic. When Gen. Sullivan was appointed judge of the United States District Court, in 1789, he made Mr. Steele its clerk, and upon th-e judge's death his suc- cessor. Judge Pickering, continued him in the office. When the latter lost his position by impeachmentj BENCH AND BAR. 601 Mr. Steele was appointed district attorney, but de- clined the office. In 1805 he represented Durham in the State House of Representatives, and in 1810 he was appointed by Governor Smith a justice of the Superior Court. This office he resigned in 1812 and returned to his private practice. He died in Durham Sept. 3, 1824. Mr. Steele was a man of superior talents, and de- voted himself to his professional pursuits. He was successful, as a lawyer, and realized a handsome com- petency. But his life was not a happy one by reason of his domestic trials, which rendered him in his later yearsj^idifferent to society and to matters around him. Stephen^ Mitchell was a native of Peterborough, born March 29, 1780, and a son of Benjamin Mitchell. He was a graduate of Williams College in 1801, and studied law with his uncle, Hon. Jonathan Steele, of Durham. In due time he commenced practice in the same town. He was a man of talents and standing, and was esteemed a good lawyer. Besides his legal qualifications, he had considerable historical and lit- erary tastes. He used to write communications for the newspaper press; and when Lafayette visited the State, in 1826, Mr. Mitchell was appointed by his townsmen to make him an address on his arrival at Durham, which duty he performed in a very hand- some and appropriate manner. He was one of the original members of the New Hampshire Historical Society. His wife was Sally, daughter of Maj. Joseph Mills, of Deerfield, an officer in the First New Hamp- shire Regiment in the Revolution. Mr. Mitchell's death occurred Feb. 15, 1838. Jajies Baetlett, son of Dr. Joseph Bartlett, was born at Salisbury, Aug. 14, 1792. He took his bach- elor's degree at Dartmouth College in 1812, and after studying law with Moses Eastman, Esq., and Parker Noyes, Esq., opened an office in Durham, but lived there but a few years before he received the appoint- ment of register of probate for Strafford County in 1819, and removed to Dover, where he spent the re- mainder of his life. He was a representative from Dover in the State Legislature from 1823 to 1826, in- clusive, and a member of the Senate in 1827 and 1828. He died in Dover, July 17, 1837. Mr. Bartlett was gifted with fine talents, but lacked ambition. In the language of one of his professional brethren, he had '' a good deal of latent power, but did not love work." And, like too many others well endowed by nature, he fell into irregular habits, and failed to accomplish the useful part in life of which he was capable. RiCHAED Ela was born in Lebanon, knd was a son of Joseph Ela, of Portsmouth. He studied his pro- fession under the direction of Hon. W. M. Richard- son and Hon. Ichabod Bartlett, and entered the prac- tice at Durham as early as 1820. There he continued about twelve year.s, when he removed to Washington, D. C. He was a man of ability, and while in practice reported the trial of Amos Fernald for murder, which was published in 1825. John Adams Richaedson was a son of Joseph Richardson, and born in Durham, Nov. 18, 1797. He was a graduate of Dartmouth College in 1819, and after teaching-for a year in Haverhill, Mass., read law in the ofHoe of Hon. John Varnum, of that place, and began practice in his native town in 1823. There he remained to the end of his long life. Mr. Rich- ardson, upon the State being carried in 184S by a coalition of the Whig and Free-Soil parties, was chosen clerk of the Senate, but was not re-elected, as the Democrats returned to power the next year. He maintained through life a high character for integrity and ability, though his business was never very large, and he rarely appeared in the trial of causes in court. His manners were dignified and agreeable, and he enjoyed the friendship and esteem of his brethren in the profession and of all who knew him best. Nehemiah Eastman, a son of Ebenezer Eastman, was born in Gilmanton, June 16, 1782. He pursued his preparatory studies at Gilmanton Academy, and read law in the office of Stephen Moody, Esq., and of Hon. John C. Chamberlain. In 1807 he commenced practice in Farmington, where he ever after resided. He represented that town in the General Court in 1813, and was chosen State senator five successive years, 1819 to 1824, and in 1825 was elected a repre- sentative in the Congress of the United States, and served two years. His death took place Jan. 19, 1856. Mr. Eastman held a good position in his profession, and for many years enjoyed a very large business. His diligence and laborious habits would hardly be credited in these degenerate days. He often was in his office by four o'clock in the morning, and did not leave it until ten o'clock at night. He made a great number of writs, most of them, of course, in cases not contested. But he did not often engage in trials in court. Louis Bell, the youngest son of the Hon. Samuel Bell, of Chester, was born in that town, March 8, 1837. He was educated at Derry and Gilford Acade- mies and at Brown University, from which he grad- uated at the age of eighteen. Having gone through the usual preparatory *law studies, he opened an office in Farmington in 1857, and soon began to make his mark in the profession. He was appointed jus- tice of the Police Court of Farmington in 1859, and July 2, 1801, received the commission of solicitor for the county of Strafford, and soon after changed his residence to Dover. But before this time his services were required in another capacity. When President Lincoln's first call for seventy-five thousand men to suppress the Southern Rebellion was issued, Mr. Bell at' once of- fered his services to the Governor of the State, and was appointed captain of Company A in the First 602 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Regiment. On his return home he received the com- mission of lieutenant-colonel in the Fourth Regiment, and was afterwards promoted to the colonelcy of the same. He served with much distinction in South Carolina and Florida, and afler\^;ards in the Army of the James in Virginia. He was here assigned to the command of a brigade, and led it in the successful assault on Fort Fisher, N. C, in which he received a mortal wound. President Lincoln, in recognition of his gallant services in the field, conferred upon him the rank of brigadier-general, dating from the day of that assault. He was a brave and patriotic soldier, a scholar of high attainments, a lawyer of thorough training and great promise, and his early death was a sad blow to his family and friends, and a public loss. Amasa Copp lived in Milton from five to eight years, beginning in 1815, and then removed to Wake- field, where he passed the rest of his life, and died Jan. 7,.1871. He was born in Wakefield, Oct. 8, 1788, and received his degree of A.B. from Dartmouth College in 1811. After completing his studies with Hon. W. K. Atkinson and Amos Kent, Esq., he opened an office for a few months in Chester, and then removed to Milton in 1815. He was gifted with uncommon talents, and with application to his profession would have taken a high rank both as a counselor and an advocate. But he disdained hard study and preferred to rely on the inspiration of the moment for his law, and naturally his diligent opponents outstripped him. He had a herculean frame, loved out-door sports, and became a mighty fox-hunter. He used to say jocularly that he was captain of the swamp law, as Jeremiah Mason was of the common law. He was representative of the town of Wakefield in the New Hampshire Legislature for six years. David Steele was born Nov. 27, 1793, a native of Peterborough, and a son of Thomas Steele. He pre- pared himself for college, but an accidental injury to his spine not only prevented him from obtaining a collegiate education, but affected him physically throughout his life. He studied law with his brother, Hon. Jonathan Steele, and others, and commenced practice in his native town, but shortly after, in 1826, he removed to New Durham, and there contin- ued till 1850, when he took uj) his residence in Dover. He was a prominent and successful practitioner, and filled several local civil offices. For the last few years of his life he was a confirmed invalid. He died at the residence of his son in Dover, July 6 1882. Joseph Clark, a native of Columbia, Conn., and a son of Simeon Clark, was born March 9, 1759. He served in the Revolutionary army ; was taken pris- oner and carried to Halifax and to England. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1785, and pursued a course of law study under Gen. Sullivan's direction, and then settled about 1788 in Rochester, where he remained about twenty-five years. In 1798 and 1801 he represented the town in the General Court, and in 1794 delivered a Fourth of July oration, which was published. _ He left Rochester about 1813 and returned to his native State, and died of apoplexy at East Hartford, Conn., Dec. 21, 1828. John Pakker Hale, a son of Samuel Hale, was born at Portsmouth, Feb. 19, 1775. His law studies he pursued in the office of John Hale, Esq., and began practice in Portsmouth about as soon as he reached his majority. A year or two later he changed his residence to Harrington, and thence about 1801 to Rochester, where the remainder of his life was passed. He was a man of extraordinary readiness and apti- tude for his profession. Without being a diligent or a learned lawyer, he had a sufficient practical knowl- edge of his profession, aijd held a leading position at the bar. His facility of apprehension and fertility of resources were so well known to his professional brethren that he was constantly applied to on occa- sions of emergency. He would sit down to the trial of a cause without preparation or instruction, take his facts from his associate's opening statement, and rely upon his general professional knowledge and his keen apprehension for his law, and argue the cause about as ably as any man of his time, it is said. He lived in good style, was liberal in his dealings, and no financier, so that he was not always ready to meet the calls of his clients for money which he had collected. Sometimes they would go to him in a state of indignation, but he always received them so cordially that they went away without uttering a com- plaint. His tact and politeness were inexhaustible, as was his fund of entertaining anecdotes. Jeremiah Hall Woodman, born in Sanbornton, April 15, 1775, was a son of Rev. Joseph Woodman. He graduated at Dartmouth College in the class of 1794 with high honors, and after teaching an acad- emy two years he received his law tuition in the offices of Hon. T. W. Thompson and Hon. Jeremiah Smith. Being admitted to the bar in January, 1799, he practiced successively in Warner, in Meredith, and in Rochester, where he finally established him- self in 1806, and died there May 8, 1854. He was a diligent, careful, and successful lawyer, and after bringing up his family handsomely left a comfortable estate. He was interested in the cause of education, and took pains to supply competent teachers in the public schools of his town. He was president of the board of trustees of Wolfborough Academy, which he was instrumental in founding. He was also interested in agriculture, and assisted in organizing the first agricultural society in Strafford County, act- ing for several years as its president. Though opposed to th6 majority of the citizens of his town in political opinion, he was chosen by them in 1823 and 1824 to represent them in the State Legislature. Mr. Woodman was no promoter- of litigation, but BENCH AND BAR. 603 preferred to adjust the disputes of his neighbors amicably, and was highly respected and esteemed in the community where he dwelt. He died in Roches- ter, May 8, i854. David Baekee, Je., was a son of Col. David Barker, of Stratham, and was born Jan. 8, 1797. Before he reached the age of eleven he entered Pliilli ps' Academy at Exeter, and there went through the preparatory course of study, and graduated at Harvard College in 1815. He then entered the office of John P. Hale, Esq., as a student-at-law, and in 1819 set up in prac- tice at Rochester. He early manifested an interest in political affairs, and was a representative to the Legislature from Rochester iu the years 1823, 1825, and 1826 ; and in 1827 was elected a representative in the Congress of the United States, where he served one term. He died in Rochester, April 1, 1834, of a lingering illness. As a lad he was precocious, and early developed the qualities which belong to maturity. His judg- ment and consistency of character were fully de- veloped in his youth, and gave him the respect and confidence which is usually reserved for age. He was learned in his profession, diligent, and of integ- rity beyond question. It was well said of him by one who spoke from knowledge that " he was a ripe and finished scholar, and a sound, correct, and able law- yer." His early death deprived society of one of its most valued and promising members. XoAH Tebbets, born in Rochester, Dec. 26, 1802, was the youngest son of James Tebbets. He was a diffident boy, but fond of books. He was prepared for college in the academies of Wakefield and Saco, Me., and took his first degree from Bowdoin College in 1822. His law studies were pursued under the direction of J. H. Woodman, Esq., and when in 1825 he was ad- mitted to the bar, he first established himself in Par- sonfield. Me. There he practiced for seven years, at the end of which time he returned to Rochester and set up in business there. In 1842 he was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, and in January, 1843, he was appointed a circuit justice of the Court of Common Pleas. The appointment lyas considered an excellent one in every respect. In point of learning, diligence, character, and judicial fairness, he was admirably adapted to a position on the trial bench. But his career was destined to be a brief one. The confinement of his new office, especially during a tedious trial for murder, preyed upon his health, which was naturally slender, and .symptoms of serious disease soon manifested themselves. He was com- pelled to adjourn a term of the court which he per- sisted in holding as long as his failing strength would permit, and to return home to a sick-bed, from which he never arose. At the early age of forty-one years his earthly career was closed, Sept. 9, 1844. JoH^- Smith Woodman, born at Durham, Sept. 6, 1819, was a son of Nathan Woodman, and suc- ceeded to a house built near two hundred years ago by his ancestor as a place of refuge from the attacks of Indians. He was a graduate of Dartmoutli Col" lege in the class of 1842, and then went to Charleston, S. C, where he was engaged in teaching for four years. He then traveled a year in Europe, .and on his return completed his legal studies with Hon. D. M. Christie, and was in practice for a year in Dover, and then for two years in Rollinsford. Receiving the ap- pointment of Professor of Mathematics at his Alma Mater, he occupied that position from 1851 to 1855, and then resumed the practice of the law in Boston for a single year, after which he accepted the profes- sorship of civil engineering in the Chandler Scientific School at Dartmouth College, which made him the chief executive officer, under the president, of that department, and to that position he gave his undi- vided energies so long as his physical strength enabled him to do so. . He at last felt compelled to resign the place, and returned to his ancestral home in Durham with a mortal illness which closed his life May 9, 1871. Prof. Woodman was identified with the educational interests of the State for many years as county com- missioner of schools, and secretary and chairman of the board. His acute and analytical mind would have given him distinction in the law had he given to it his undivided attention, but perhaps in no other department could he have rendered greater service to his generation than in that in which his life was spent. Tappan Wentwoeth was born at Dover, Feb. 24, 1802, a son of Isaac Wentworth. He was edu- cated chiefly in the common schools, though he was enabled to make acquaintance with Latin so far as to read two books of Virgil. He then became a clerk in a grocery-store, and occupied that position for some years ; but when he was about twenty-one years of age a newspaper article of his composition attracted the notice of Hon. William Burleigh,. a lawyer of South Berwick, Me., and a member of Con- gress, and he took young Wentworth into his office as a student. In 1826 he was admitted, and for about seven years was engaged in the practice of law at Somersworth. He then took up his residence in Lowell, Mass., carrying with him about seven thou- sand dollars as the fruits of his early labor. Energy, industry, and judgment like his could not fail of their reward, and in the forty and more years that he lived in Lowell his seven thousand increased to nearly three hundred thousand dollars. He became a lead- ing member of his profession, and was chosen to both the legislative houses of Massachusetts, and a mem- ber of Congress from 1833 to 1835. He died in Lowell, June 12, 1875, leaving the bulk of his prop- erty, a munificent legacy, to Dartmouth College. Nathaniel Wells was born in Wells, Me., in 1805. and graduated at Phillips' Exeter Academy in 1826. He then went to Brunswick, Me., where he engaged in trade, and for a time edited a weekly 604 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. newspaper. He came to Great Falls in 1830, and studied law in the office of Winthrop A. ilarston, and after his admission to the bar became a partner of Mr. Marston. He wa.s subsequently a partner with Hon. Charles H. Bell, later with George William Burleigh. In 1856 he formed a copartnership with the late Eoyal Eastman, and the firm of Wells & Eastman continued until 1873. He practiced alone some time, and then in the firm of Wells & Burleigh until his death. He was attorney for the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, and director in the Great Falls National Bank, and trustee of the Somersworth Savings-Bank. He died Aug. 16, 1878. WisTHBOP A. Maestox was a native of Deerfield. He studied his profession under the direction of Ste- phen Mitchell, Esq., and entered into practice in Somersworth as early as 1830. In 1 533 he was chosen clerk of the New Hampshire Senate, and in 1834 re- ceived the appointment of solicitor for the county of Strafford, which he resigned the next year. About 1842 he changed his re-idence to Dover, but after two or three years went back to Somersworth, where he became the partner of Eoyal Eastman, Esq. The firm of Mareton & Eastman was a strong one, and had a good practice in and out of the courts in Straf- ford County and York County, Me. Mr. Marston was a lawyer of competent learning ' and of sound judgment, and was an agreeable and effective advocate. His death was sudden, on March 30, ISol, when he ' had reached the age of about fifty year-. ICHABOD GOODWIX JORDAX Was a SOU of Capt. Ichabod Jordan, and was barn in Saco, Me., Oct. 6^ IsOG. His collegiate education he received at Bow- I doin, graduating in 1827. About 1830 he began the | practice of the law in Somersworth, at the same time doing legal basines- in the adjoining county of York, Me. About the year 1864 he changed hi, residence to Berwick, Me., but still continued his law practice in both States. While a citizen of Xew Hampshire, ' in 18.^3 and 18o4, he wa.s elected a member of the ! State Senate, and after his removal to Maine he was chorui.k ;-s(JO Will Cdtteii .luiii- 1-^0 PeiLT Gleeley 1 iU Kpliiii DviiiK-t V 30O AVidi.w Iluiikinp; ]0« Jleii bliei Ourn Jiin UO Will Lo\vd« 111^ .lint Plai^ted 414 Jusf|th JloKca 7-Z UtMija Laiigley UO Jiiu Siiv.ige...." I-J. Itubert'Ariii-tr.Jiig 240 liLsIi.,]) 7-1 Joseph Pitiiijui 7S 'J'lms Cutleii 0" 'j'lioa Uiiriis \)i} Bliclil Keniiaid lyo Will Kiii;:lit ; :','■',{} Jiio Clai k «4 Tlios Lamlell 120 EdPeiKtexter 'Jfi Jiiu Leiir ! lOS Jetlno l<'iiiUer 72 Stephen Greeiileaf 12(t SleiJheti Liiiig 1-0 j liichd Cult 72 ' Widow Walkc-r 4« j Midow Jackwoii. itO 1 M'jii BradUeii 72 ! Widow Tapley 120 llcjija Akenimu ]2U biiiiil llinUs 72 Jleiiry SI<..,|„T 270 TlioiiiaH Sil aiMi 1^0 Thos Mivu :■! Thus Ciorkct 7^f JaiiiesSi-imiey. 120 \ Kijwaid Cate." ; liin Kichd Walerliuiise ISO ]£itli(l Ciu.ss -17(1 Tlioinas Ayre lOii lieuheii Al-hutt 72 dipt Wm Cutteii loO Jno XJri'W?.ter 150 Jiio. Hooper no Josiah Cl.iik liiU A\'ni AinoBs 72 Jno Hill 0(i lulwjifd Tongoud 141 i>iim\ Hi'wett ]U8 Ah'X Deunet 180 Ulatliew Nelson 160 Nathl Tnckennan 1:J2 Tini Diivis 00 Jonathan Stooilly 120 Geo. Banfill 84 Names. Acres. Ed Phillips 54 Jno Daverson 72 Joseph Eannin DO Abriilinin LiUhy 72 Saml Ua]ifield 180 Chillies Brown 54 Thoa Greely 72 Wm Parker 240 Sampson Bjihl 240 Jno Lang li;o Tim Waierlioiise 150 Henry Beck 72 Sanil Ham 150 Aliraliiim Barns 00 Midow AInmry ao Jno lioLjLivson 144 Anthony llow Junr 72 Geo Walker 72 Edward Cate Jun l.Oo Joseph Miller 00 Iliclid A\fildion 210 Tlios Harvey 150 SamI Shi'riinrn 1^0 Walter Wtureu 120 Win ( lu--^ 72 .lus Allrock ](i8 Tims Beck 5)0 Jacob La\is 72 Caleh Graitoii Hi) Jno t,'hiirchiil GO Duclor Pike 240 Amha Slooper im) Jo.s .^lonlton ]:i8 Aliriii .June.-* 150 Tho.-s Beck Junr 7S Al.rm Haill.tt 7' Slicli Whidden 210 James Moses 00 Jno AliLiot 84 TIfns Moore 72 Wm Fro.st ' 72 Win Lewis ii(j Jno Sa.vage i.'iO Jno PevL'ily Jun t|(; Solomon Cotten 1 72 W'illiiim Hun king ao SamI Sliackfortl 210 Jno Cotlun 1-14 Doctor J toss 9G Jno Ham 43 MichI Whi.lden Jr 84 SamI lSie\\,-tei' urn ^54 Jiio .lonea ^„. iiyj, Jiio Grindal 72 Niithl Tevi'ily \]ij Tlma Packer G48 James JalTrey ^40 Jer. Neal. ....". ; to furnish tlie men to fill the several quotas of tLe town, that no citizen be compelled to go to the wai iiguinst his will. iSearly all of its soldiers were to be found in the r.inks, three only going out as commissioned oflScers, .'.ad ueir record in the field will compare favorably v/ith that ot other towns, and is one of which the t.jwn has no reason to be ashamed. Aiuong the men who were prominent in the early settlement of the town were William Gate, Hugh Montgomery, Sampson Babb, Arthur Danielson, Paul Hayes, Eleazer Young, Mark Hunking, Francis Winkley, Samuel Brewster, Timothy Waterhouse. At the beginning of the present century the follow- ing were active and leading citizens: Samuel Hale, justice of the Court of Common Pleas, Dr. Robert Woodbury, Thomas W. Hale, Levi Buzel, Ephraim Foss, John Pearl, Eliphalet Cloudman, John King- man, John McDaniel, William Winkley. The following names represent families among its early settlers who have done much in developing the resources of the town and in giving character to its inhabitants: Buzzell, Cater, Caverly, Felker, Foss, Hale, Hayes, Hall, Kingman, McDaniel, Swain, Winkley, Waterhouse and Young. There have been many other influential men and worthy families in the town since its settlement that might be mentioned if space would permit. CHAPTER XCIL BARRINGTON.— (row(,H«crf.) Ecclosiastical History — Meetiug-Housesand Chun-lies — ^Baptists— 5[eth- odism— Friends— Emineut Men— CSvil History— Military Becord. j Meeting-Houses and Churches. — At a meeting I of the proprietors of Barrington, held in Portsmouth, March 31, 1731, it was voted to build a meeting-house for the worship of God, and to locate it as near the centre of the town as the land would admit, and voted to appropriate fifty pounds for that purpose. It seems that this vote was not put in effect, for eleven years after it was again voted " that a meeting- house be built at the charge of the proprietors ; also voted two hundred pounds for that purpose, and that the house be forty-four feet long and thirty-six feet wide." A committee, consisting of Thomas Wright, Timo- thy ^\'aterhouse, and William Gate, was chosen to locate and build the house. At another meeting, held June 2, 1742, it was " voted that the meeting-house be set on the Waldron lot, or upon some lot thereabouts." March 30, 1743, "Voted one hundred and twenty pounds for shingling, flooring, and underpinning the meeting-house." This house was located and first stood at the foot of Waldron's Hill, on or near land now owned by Mrs. William C. Buzzell. This location proved to be very inconvenient for the settlers, as the most of them lived near the Cate Garrison and around Green Hill. At a meeting of the proprietors, held June 14,1752, they " voted to grant liberty to the present inhabitants of Barrington to move the meeting-house from the pres- ent lot to land of Samuel and Xathan Foss." The house was taken down and moved to thb lot, BARRINGTON. 611 where it stood as late as 1854, after which it was re- moved and converted into a dwelling. A town-meeting was held Nov. 18, 1754, to consider the propriety of settling Rev. Joseph Prince as min- ister of the town. A committee was chosen to inquire into his character and qualifications. Favorable re- ports of him being received from ministers of the Pis- cataqua Association, it was voted, Feb. 22, 1755, to give him a call. The Congregational Church of Barrington was or- ganized June 18, 1755, at which time Rev. Mr. Prince was installed. Mr. Prince was a blind man, and served the church as pastor thirteen years. To show that the men of th:it time were prompt in paying the minister's salary, and careful in doing business, the following receipt, bearing Mr. Prince's autograph, is copied from the town records : "Received of y" Selectmen of y" town of Barring- ton this 11th Day of April, 1757, two hundred & fifty Pounds, old tenor, in full, for my salary from y" Be- ginning of y' world to this Present Day. I say Re- ceived by me, " Joseph Prince." In the year 1770, John Garland and Samuel Brews- ter, in behalf of the church and parish, asked the General Assembly for authority to conduct the af- fairs independent of the town-meeting, setting forth as a reason that certain inhabitants who called them- selves Quakers, and other separators from any relig- ious body, and members of the Church of England, cause great confusion whenever a town-meeting is held to settle a minister according to the laws of the province. Their request was granted. Rev. David Tenney was pastor from Sept. 18, 1771, to Oct. 26, 1778; Benjamin Balch was pastor from Aug. 25, 1784, till 1815, when he died, aged seventy- four years; Cephas H. Kent was pastor from Oct. 22, 1828, till May 3, 1830; Samuel H. Merrill, from Feb. 28, 1831, to Aug. 10, 1835; Samuel Xichols, from Sept. 20, 1837, to Oct. 26, 1847. The present house of worship was built in 1840. Theodore Wells was pastor from June 9, 1845, to May 10, 1859. After this the church was served by non-installed pastors, as follows : for five years and seven months by Rev. Charles Willey, to March, 1865 ; from June, 1865, by Rev. Josiah S. Armes ; from May, 1869, by Rev. Ezra Haskell; from September, 1875, to September, 1877, by Revs. Albert Watson and James De Buchanan. From that date it has been ministered lo by the pres- ent incumbent. Rev. E. F. Borchcrs. Baptists. — In the year 1779 a Baptist Church was formed in the northwesterly part of Barrington. Its membership soon extended over a large part of what is now Straiford. Several active members lived in that part of Barrington called Canaan, where regular meetings of worship were held. The first record of a church organization in that neighborhood began in 1818. At a Conference meet- ing held Feb. 8, 1819, those present expressed their wish to become a Church of Christ, taking the New Testament as their rule of faith and practice, and to become connected with the New Durham Quarterly Meetings, and choose George Seaward ruling elder, and Pomphret Pearg, deacon. In 1851 the church was reorganized as the Strafford and Barrington South Free Baptist Church. In 1861 a large part of its members withdrew and formed a church in Strafford. Since then its members have, for the most part, lived in Barrington, where its meetings of worship have been held, and has been known as the Canaan Free Baptist Church. Six Free Baptist ministers and one Congregational minister have grown up under the influence of this church. In 1881 a house of worship was built. Present membership, 65; A. E. Boyerton, pastor. Through the labors of Rev. S. B. Dyer, of Notting- ham, a Free Baptist Church was formed in the year 1820, in the south part of Barrington, known as the First Barrington Free Baptist Church. In 1830, Sam- uel Sherburne was ordained pastor, which relation was continued till his death in 1861. ' In addition to preaching. Mr. Sherburne taught school much of his time, and exerted a wide influence in this and adjoin- ing towns. Their meeting-house was built in 1847. The church has since been supplied by different men, among whom were Revs. P. Chesley, U. Chase, L. Malvern, and A. C. Peaslee. In 1821 another Free Baptist Church was formed in Barrington near Nottingham line. It kept up its or- ganization for a few years without a pastor or house of worship. About the year 1834 a Free Baptist Church was formed in the northwesterly part of the town, known as the Third Church. It enjoyed considerable pros- perity for a few years, when it was disbanded, and its members generally joined the churches in Strafford. Methodism. — Methodist meetings were commenced in this town about the year 1833, by Rev. Mr. Wal- cot, in what was then known as the Blake school- house, and a church was organized soon after. In 1835 a meeting-house was built, and the pulpit was supplied by appointments from the Conference some ten or twelve years. During this time the attendance was large and much prosperity was enjoyed. After- wards the number of members was greatly reduced by death and removal from town. The Conference with- drew its appointments, and no meetings have been held for several years. Friends. — A few Quaker families settled on Wal- dron's Hill, and built a meeting-house. It stood on land now owned by George S. Tuttle. What its di- mensions were or how long it was used are not known, as it was taken away before the days of the oldest in- habitants living. Eminent Men. — Isaac Waldron, son of Col. Isaac Waldron, of Barrington, was a prominent and suc- cessful merchant and influential citizen of Portsmouth. He was United States pension agent for some time, 612 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. and although an active politician he did not seek nor accept other offices of trust. He died in 1842, aged seventy years. John Buzzell was born in Barrington in 1780. When he was quite young his parents moved to Mid- dleton. When he became a man he entered the min- istry, and was during the remainder of his life a lead- ing clergyman of the Free- Will Baptist Church. He traveled and preached extensively in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont. He was one of the founders of the Morning Star, now published in Dover. Samuel Hale, son of Judge Hale, of Barrington, was born in 1793; graduated at Bowdoin College; represented his native town in the Legislature, after which he removed to Portsmouth, and became a merchant. In 1842 he commenced the manufacture of cloth at South Berwick, Me., which business he followed quite extensively to his death, which occurred in 1873. Henry Winkley, of Philadelphia, son of William Winkley, of Barrington, was born in 1803. Soon after he became of age he went into business in Bos- son as a dealer in crockery-ware. He afterwards fol- lowed the same business in New York and Philadel- phia as an importer and wholesale dealer. Mr. Winkley retired from active business nearly thirty years ago, since which he has traveled extensively in this country and Europe. He is much interested in the higher institutions of learning in New Eng- ' land, and has added largely to their endowment. Col. John W. Kingman was born in Barrington some sixty years ago. He graduated at Harvard, studied law with Daniel Webster, and was.law partner of Hon. D. M. Christie, of Dover, for several years. He was also colonel of the Fifteenth Eegiment New Hampshire Volunteers in the late war. Some twelve years ago he removed to Wyoming Territory, and was appointed justice of the United States Court, which position he now holds. Prof Sylvester Waterhouse graduated from Harvard in 1852. About twenty-five years since he became connected with Washington University, St. Louis, where he now is. He has written much in the in- terest of his adopted State, and is widely known throughout the entire Northwest. Hon. Frank Jones, of Portsmouth, left his native town when a boy and entered into business, in which he has been eminently successful. He is also an active politician, and among other offices of trust he has been mayor of Portsmouth and member of Con- gress for two terms from the First New Hampshire District. Col. Daniel Hall, of Dover, was born in Barrington some fifty years ago. He is a graduate from Dart- mouth College, and a lawyer by profession. During the early part of the late war he served on Gen. Hooker's stafi"; later he was provost-marshal of First New Hampshire District. Col. Hall is naval officer for the port of Boston, to which he has lately been reappointed. Hon. Jacob D. Young, of Madbury, judge of pro- bate for this county, Col. A. H, Young, of Dover, late collector of internal revenue for New Hampshire, and Aaron Young, of Portsmouth, are natives and former citizens of Barrington. TO\V\ CLERKS AND SELECTMEN FROM 1753 TO ISSi.' 1753.— Hugh Montgomery, William Cate, Samson Babb, Phederece Ma- cutchen. 1754. — Hugli Montgomery, Samnel Brewster, Benjamin Hayes, Jospiili Cox. 1755 — Hugh Montgomery, Benjamin Hayes, Phetlercco Macntcben, Panl Hayes. 175G. — Arthur Banielson, Benjamin Hayt-B, Jethro Sberburne, Panl Hayes. 1757. — Arllinr Danielson, John Walerlionse, John Beunals, Benjamin Young. 1758. — Arthur Danielson, John Garland, Plicdereco Macntcben, Panl Hayes. 1759. — Aitbiir Danielson, Benjamin Hayes, Jobn Bennals, Ejibraiin Holmes. 1760. — Arthur Danielson, Elezer Young, John Shci)beard, John Gar- lant^. 1701, — Arthur Danielson, Elezer Young, Jobn Sbepliard, John Garland. 1762.— Arthur Danielson, Benjamin Hayes, Mark Hunkiiig, Elezer Young. . 1763, — Arthur Danielson, Benjamin Hayes, Mark Hunking, Elezer Young. 17G4. — Arthur Danielson, Arthur Danielson, Mark Hunkitig, Elezer Young, 1765. — Artiiur Danielson, Samuel Brewster, Benjamin Hall, Josei>h Young. 17GG. — James Marden, Samuel . Brewster, .Joseph Young, Benjamin Hayes. 17G7. — James Marden, Samnel Brewster, Richard Swaim, Benjamin Hayes, 1768, — James Marden, Samuel Brewster, Richard Swaim, Benjamin Hayes, 1769, — James Marden, Samuel Brewster, Richard Swaiui, Benjamin Hayes. 1770. — James Marden, Samuel Brewster, Richard Swaim, Benjamin Hayes. 1771, — James Marden, John Cate, Abijah Pinkliam, Joshua Foss, Jere- miah TiUhetts, Samuel Hayes. 1772.— James Marden, John Cate, Abijiib Pinkham, Joshua Foss, 1773, — James Marden, Samuel Brewster, Abijah Pinkham, Thomas Tuttle. 1774,— James Marden, Benjamin Hayes, Richard Swaim, John Cate, 1775, — John Cate, James Hayes, Richard Swaim, William Cate, Jr. 1776,— John Cate, William Cate, Jr., Silas Drew, James Hayes, 1777, — John Cate, William Cate, Jr,, Silas Drew, John Kingman. 1778,- John Cate, William Cate, Jr., Philip Caverly, Ephraim Holuies, Jr, 1779.— John Cate, Isaac Waldron, Philip Caverly, Joshua Fiias. 17SD, — John Cate, Benjamin Hayes, Jacob Shepard, John Kiuginau, 1781. — John Cate, Thomas Fisbei-, Joseph Jackson, Paul Hay&s, 1782 —John Cate, Benjamin Hayes, Samuel Brewster, William Cate, Jr. 1783.— John Cate, Peter Young, Eliphalet Cluutuian, Geoi-ge "Waler- h6use. 1784, — John Cate, Peter Young, Eliphalet Cloutman, George Water- bouse, 1785, — John Cate, Peter Young, E'.iphalct Cloutman, George Water- house. 1786,— Jobn Cate, George Waterbouse, Peter Young, Eliphalet Clout- man, 1787. — John Cate, Peter Young, George Waterbouse. Eliphalet Clout- man, 1788,— John Cate, Eliphalet Cloutman, Silas Caldwell, WiM.im Mc- Daniel. 1789. — John Cate, Samuel Hale, Eliphalet Cloutman, John Kingman, 1 The first name in each p iragrnph is town ceilk, the next, selectmen. BARIIINGTON. 613 1790.— John Ciito, Samuel Hayog, Eliplialet Cloutniaii, Piuil Hayes. 1791.— John Cute, Samuel Hale, Joseph Hayes, Joshua Fosa, 1792. — John Gate, Samuel Hale, Eliplialet Cloutman, Paul Hayes. 1793. — John Gate, Samuel Hale, John Kingman, Paul Hayes. 1794. — Julin Gate, Samuel Hale, Eliphalet Cloutman, Juhn Kiiifiinan. 1795. — John Gate, Samuel Hale, Eliphalet Cloutman, John "Kingman. 179(). — John Gate, Thomas \V. Hale, Peter Young, John Kingman. 1797, — John Gate, John Pearl, Samuel Burnnm, Williiuu Foss. 1798. — John Gate, John Pearl, Levi Buzel, Samuel Hayes. 1799. — John Gate, Samuel Hayes, Levi Bnzel, John Pearl. 1800. — John Gate, Jolin Pearl, Levi Buzel, Samuel Hayes. 1801. — JohU Gate, John Pearl, Levi Buzel, Samuel Hayes. 1802. — Juhn Gate, Ephraini Foss, Stephen Otis, Jouatlian Roberts. 1803. — John Gate, John Pearl, Samuel Hayes, Levi Buzel. 1804. — John Gate, John Pearl, Levi Buzel, Samuel Hayes. 1S0.5. — Kichard Gate, Sumuel Hayes, Levi Buzel, George Foss (3d). 1806. — Richard Gate, Levi Buzel, Azeiiali Waldron, Andrew Leighton. 1807.— Eliphalet Cloutman, Levi Buzel, Azeriuh Waldron, Andrew Leighton. / 1808-9.— Eliphalet Cloutman, Azeriah "Waldrou, Job Otis, John Mc- Daniel. 1810-11. — Eliphalet Cloutman, Levi Buzel, Azeriah Waldron, Job Otis. 1812. — Eliphalet Cloutman, "William Jones, James Fuss, Jr., Azeriah Waldron. 1813. — Thomas Hussey, Azeriah Waldron, Levi Buzel, John Kingman. 1814. — Thomas Hussey, Levi Buzel, John Kingman, Edmund Caverly. 1815. — Thomas Hussey, Cupt. Azeriah Waldron, Johu Kingman, EJmund Caverly. 181C. — Thomas Hussey, Azeriah Waldron, Tobias Roberts, Edmund Caverly. 1817. — Thomas Hussey, Tobias Roberts, John Kingman, Samuel Shack- ford, Jr. 1818. — Thomas Hussey, Tobias Roberts, Azeriah Waldron, John Mc- Daniel. 1819. — Thomas Hussey, Tobias Roberts, John Caverly, Job Waldron. 1820.— Thomas Hussey, Joshua Otis, John Caverly {4th), John Waldron. 1821. — Thomas Hussey, Samuel Shackford, Jr., John Waldron, Isaac Dan i eld, 1822.— Thomas Hussey, John Waldron, Jeremiah Buzzell, Elishu Wood- bury. 1823.— Thomas Hussey, John Waldron, Isaac Daniels, David Winkley. 1824. — Thomiis Hussey, John Waldron, Isaac Daniels, Jacob D, Foss. 182.J.— Thomas Hussey, Elias Varney, Henry Hill, Jacob D. Foss. 1826. — Thomas Hussey, Elias Varney, Henry Hill, Ebenezer Buzz^-U. 1827. — Thomas Hussey, Ebenezer Buzzell, Isaac Daniels, Jeremiah Buz- zell. 1828. — Thomas Hussey, Elias Varney, Samhel Sherburne, James Han- son. 1829.— Thomas Hussey, Samuel Sherburne, Samuel E. Buzzell, Aaron Young. 1830.— Micaiuh S. Clough, Aaron Young, Samuel E. Buzzell, Jonathan Drew. 1831.— Thomas T. Hall, Jonathan Drew, Jonathan Young, Benjamin OJiorne. 1832.— TliDmas T. Hall, Jonathan Young, Benjamin Odiorne, Aaron Young. 1833.— Ebenezer Buzzell, Aaron Young, Jonathan Young, Samuel F. BrewHter. 1834.— Ebenezer Buzzell, Samuel F. Brewster, Micaiah S. Clongh, Jacob D. Foss. 1835.— Ebenezer Buzzell, Jacob D. Foss, Micaiah S. Clough, Jeremiah Buzzell. 1830.— Hiram Hall, Jacob D. Foss, Levi Fclker, Jacob Sherburne. 1837.— Hiram Hall, Micaiah S, Clougli, Thomas Hussey, Jacob Sher- burne. 1838.— Benjemiu Odiorne, Jacob D. Foss, Thomas Hussey, Jeremiah Buz- zell. 1839.— Benjamin Odiorne, Aaron Young, True William McDaniel, Jona- than Young. 1840.— Alexander Waterhouse, True William McDaniel, Hiram Hall, Nicholas Cavorly. 1841.— Alexander Waterhouse, Hiram Hall, Benjamin Odiorne, Darius Winkley. 1842.— Thomas T. Hall, Oilman Hall, Samuel F. Brewster, John H. Winkley, Jr. 1843.— Thomas T. Hall, Benjamin Odiorne, John U. Winkley, John D. Peirce. 1844.— Thomas T. Hall, Benjamin Odiorne, John II. Winkley, Juhn D. Peirce. 1845. — William Waterhouse, Oilman Hall, Elias Varney, Ilezekiah Thompson. 1846.— William Waterhouse, William H. Young, Lyman Locke, Elias Varney. 1847. — William Waterhouse, William H. Young, Lyman Locke, Eli.sha Locke, 'Jr. 1848._Williiim Waterhouse, Elisha Locke, Jr., True William McDaniel, John S. Caverly. 1849.— William Waterhouse, True William McDaniel, Solomon Wuldron, John S. Caverly. 1850. — Benjamin Thompson, Hc^ekiah Thompson, John S. Buzzell, Al- bert H. Daniels. 1851.— Benjamin Thompson, John S. Buzzell, Albert H. Daniel, Solomon Waldron. 1852. — William Waterhouse, Benjamin Odiorne, Hiram Felker, Smith Perry. 1853.— Albert K. Waterhouse, Benjamin Odiorne, Smith Porry, Seth W. Woodman. \ 1854.— Albert K. Waterhouse, Seth W. Woodman, Jonathan F. Berry, James B, Peirce. 1855.— Jonathan R. Drew, Ebenezer Buzzell, John Felker, John Mc- Daniel, 1856.— Jonathan R. Drew, John Felker, John S. Buzzell, Lyman Locke. 1857.— Jonathan R. Drew, John S. Buzzell, Frank D. Foss, John T. Drew. 1858.— Jonathan R. Drew, Frank D. Foes, John T. Drew, Jacob D, Young. 1859,— Charles F. Buzzell, Jacob D. Young, Jonathan R. Drew, Lyman Locke. 18G0.— Charles F. Buzzell, Jonathan R. Drew, Lyman Locke, John S. Caverly. 18G1,— Charles F. Buzzell, John S. Caverly, John McDaniel, Siimuel C. Ham. 1862.— Charles F. Buzzell, John McDaniel, Samuel C. Ham, Horatio H. Hu.ssey. 1863.— Henry B. Hall, Horatio II. Hussey, Charles F. Buzzell, Samuel A. Locke. 1864.— Henry B. Hall, Charles F. Buzzell, Samuel A. Locke, George W, Gray. 1805.— Henry B. Hall, Jonathan R. Drew, George W. Gray, John S, Buz- zell, Jacob D. Young. 18G6.— Oilman Hall, Jr., John S. Buzzell, Jacob D. Young, Horace G. Cater. 1867.— Charles F. Buzzell, John S. Buzzell, Jacob D.Young, Horace G. Cater. 1868.— William E. Waterhouse, True William McDaniel, Charles H. Waterhouse, Freeman Varney. 18G9.— William E. Waterhouse, True William McDaniel, Charles H. Waterliouse, Freeman Vtirnoy. 1870.— William E. Waterliouse, Horace G. Cater, Charles G. Swain, Gil- man Hall. 1871.— Jonathan R. Drew, True William McDaniel, Charles G.Swain, Jonathan F. Berry. 1872.— William H. Buzzell, Charles F. Buzzell, Freeman Varney, Caleb Twombly. 1873,— William H. Buzzell, John S. Buzzell, Joel F. Sherburne, Caleb Twombly, 1874. William H. Buzzell, John S, Buzzell, Joel F. Sherburne, William J. Reed. 1875.— Jeremiah Chesley, Jonathan F. Borry, Hiram Hall, John F. Tibbetts. 1876.— George W. Young, True William McDaniel, William E. Water- house, William G. Jewett. 1877.— George W. Young, True William McDaniel, William E. Water- house, William G. Jewett. 1878.— Charles F, Winkley, Hiram Hall, Amos B. Tebbitts, Jeremiah Chesley. 1879.— Charles F. Winkley, Amos B. Tebbitts, Jeremiah Chesley, Frank ir. Clark. 1880.— Walter H, Smith, Amos B. Tebbitts, Frank H. Clark, Charles F. Winkley. 1881.— Walter H. Smith, Frank U. Clark, Charles F. Winkley, Darius W. Locke. 1882,— Walter H. Smith, Ghailes F. Winkley, Darius W. Locke, George 0. A. Chesley. 14 HISTORY OF STEAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIEE. SOLDIERS IN THE LATE WAR OF THE REBELLION. Allen, Daniel W. Ayers, Joseph F. Allen, Isaac. Arlin, Charles E. Ailiii, George W. Brown, Albert, Brown, Charles H. Burnham, John I. Brown, James. Brown, LeoDard. Bnzzell, Andrew E. Brown, Matthew. Berry, Albert H. Berry, Alonzo F. Brown, John, Jr. Briiydon, Ira. Buzzell,. Lewis H. Bnzzell, James W. Bozzell, Charles 0. Berry, Daniel R. Brown, Daniel. Bnzzell, J(^n A. Cook, Alden B. Coverly, Darins E. Corson, Oscar F. Cater, Isaac W, Caverly, Mason. Caverly, George W. Corson, Albert W. Cnrran^Thoiaas, Callahan, Richard. Caverly, NathauieT. Citswell, Saiuiiel E. Clark, James. Clay, Joseph G. Capen, Harrison. Colton, Thomas H. Dearborn, William H. Davis, James 31. Dame, Asa C. Dustin, Jonathan. Demerit*, George F. Drew, Lorenzo D. Dame, George W. Ellison, Wright T. Emoi-son, John W. Ellison, William II. Earl, William. Prescott, James P. Perkins, Duane T. Palmer, Benjamin EL Perry, Richard, Rowe, George W. Rowe, \Va.sliington. Rowe, Alfred. Roberts, Augiiste. Ryan, James. Stinipson, Curtis. Sullivan, Dennis. Smart, John, Spinner, James B. Smith, Daniel. Smith, Joseph W. Seavey, Nathaniel H. Seavey, Albert F. Seavey, Austin F. Seely, Joseph. Sherebate, Galen. Scales, George. -Seavey, George W. Foes, Samuel A. Fremont, Oliver. Faomancht, William. Foss, William A. Fox, Benjamin. Garmon, Henry. Gray, William II. Hall, Jacob. Hall, Jeremiah. Hall, Charles H. Hoyt, George. Hanson, Charles W, Hayes, John 0. Hall, George W. Howard, Franklin M. Hall, Levi F. Hayiies, Joseph, Jr. Hall, Charles F. Hall, Gilman, Jr. Hall, Benjamin. Jackson, Richard. Jackson, George AV. Jackson, Charles H. Johnson, Henry. Kenney, Peter. Kilroy, Tliomas E. Kelley, John. Leathers, Siephen. Locke, Lyman. Locke, John W. Lord, Henry. Locke, Elisha E. Locke, John W. Lea, Daniel A. Locke, Irving C. Locke, Wainwright M. Locke, George F. Morse, Hiram. Mix, Joseph F. Martin, Juhn J. Morrison, Samuel S. Morrison. Joel H. McGrath, Patrick. Mulligan, John P. McKay, James. Nach, George A. Neal, John P. Ottis, Riester. Sullivan, John. Shepard, Nelson. Stevenson, Alfred. State, Wllhelm. Smith, Charles E. Thompson, George. Thompson, George W. ■Tutlle, Elijah. Twombly, John H. Tibhets, Miles B. Thompson, Jonathan D. Voncamp, Nathan. Willey, Mosert, Jr. AVadc, Joseph W. Woods, Charles J. Witham, James H. Willey, Samuels. Wliitiield, George. Wood, Samuel. Whiiehonsr', Jeremiah. Young, William H.H. Young, George W. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. CHARLES A. FOSS. Charles A. Foss is tlie sixth in direct line of descent from John Foss who settled at Rye, N. H., about 1668. The link in the chain is here broken, as the next in descent is not known. The date of settlement of John Foss is beyond question, as we find land deeded to him in 1668 at Eye. The third was Joshua Foss, who went to Strafford Corners, N. H., and soon after moved to the Garrison House in Barrington, called the " Cate Garrison," from a family of Gate's who lived there. After the close of the French war of 1745, Joshua Foss moved on to the place now occu- pied by Charles A. He had a family of seven chil- dren, five boys and two girls. The boys were named Thomas, Joshua, John, Moses, and P^phraim. The girls were Abigail, who married Micajah Otis, of Strafford, and Lydia, who married Simon Locke, of Hollis, Me. In the fourth generation Ephraim was the grand- father of the subject of this sketch. He had six children, two boys and four girls, — Jacob D., Eph- raim, Sallie, Mollie, Lydia, and Abigail. Ephraim followed the wool- and cloth-dressing busi- ness a number of years. He subsequently moved to Charlestown, Mass., and afterwards worked for the government in Norfolk, Va., on thi dry-docks, where he contracted yellow fever, from the effects of which he died after being taken home. Sallie married Eph- raim Locke, of Boston ; Mollie married James Bodge, of Barrington ; Lydia married Isaac Daniels, of Bar- rington ; Abigail married twice, to Clement Daniels and Jacob Hale, both of Barrington. Jacob D. Foss, the father of Charles A., was born Aug. 2, 1784; he married Sally Garland, of North- wood, N. H., about 1809, and five children were born to them: Eliza G., born Oct. 6, 1811; Charles A., born Dec. 18,1814; Nathaniel G.,died young; Lydia S., born Jan. 8, 1823; Sally L., Nov. 25, 1826. Of the family but two survive, viz., Charles A. and Lydia S. Charles A. Foss was born Dec. 18, 1814, in the old family honiestead which he still occupies. He at- tended the district schools of his town, and after- wards went to Gilraanton Academy, a prominent in- stitution in its day. Prof. Edwin Sanborn, now of Hanover College, was one of the teachers there. Jan. 28, 1841, Mr. Foss married Abiah W: Foss, a very distant relative. Five children were born to them, only one of whom survives, — Ada Sarah, who was born July 16, 1852, and is living at home. The other children died young, except one, who attained the age of eighteen. The Foss family took part in the Revolution. The father of Mr. Foss also figured prominently in local politics, was selectman and representative a number :^-^ ^ EPHRAIM CATER. A. H. DANIELS. BARHINGTON. 615 of years, and was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1850. He died March 9, 1871. The subject of this sketch has always taken a prom- inent part in the politics of the county and town of Barrington. He was one of the delegates that brought the Republican party into existence. The convention met in Concord. He returned home, and immediately set about organizing the party in his town. He has been an ardent exponent of the principles of that party since its birth, and devoted his energies during the war to keep it in existence in his district. Mr. Foss was elected to the legislature in 1855-56, and in 1875-76 was elected a member of Governor Cheeny's CounciT. He enjoys tlie confidence and respect of his fellow-citizens in a remarkable degree, having served them honestly and faithfully in the different responsible positions to which they have elected him. He possesses a remarkably vigorous constitution, be- ing a man of large and powerful build, has always taken good care of himself, and never used tobacco or intoxicating liquors. He represents the fourth generation of Fosses that have occupied the same homestead, which embraces at the present time two hundred and seventy-five acres. Mr. Foss is also the possessor of two hundred and ten acres in difierent parts of the town. EPHRAIM CATER. When the land in the towns of Barrington and Strafford was put up to be drawn by lottery, John Cater drew lot No. 9, containing one hundred and fifty acres, the same now owned by David Y. Cater. Ephraim Cater is the third (on the paternal side) in descent from the John Cater mentioned above. John Cater had five children, as follows: Sally, Betsey, MoUie, Susan, and John. John, his youngest child and only son, married Susan Holmes for his first wife, and their family consisted of the following: Joseph, Joel, Ephraim, Susan, John, Betsey, Joshua, Cyrus, and Isaac. His second wife was the widow of Mr. Grover, by whom he had one child, Hiram H. He took a third wife, Mary Leighton, of Dover. He died Oct. 2, 1863. John (his father) died Jan. 26, 1801. Of his family but four are living, viz. : Cyrus, Isaac, Betsey, and Sally. The subject of this sketch was born Jan. 9, 1800. He attended the district schools of his neighborhood, living with his father a portion of his time until he married. His father's family was so large and his stock of the world's goods so small that he found it difficult to maintain them. When Mr. Cater was twenty-one he married Charlotte Otis, daughter of Joshua Otis, of Strafford. She was the granddaughter of Micajah Otis, one of the founders of the Free- Will Baptist Church. To them were born eight children, six boys and two girls, as follows: Joshua 0., Martha J., Joseph L., Andrew J., Martin Van Buren, Abigail S., David Y., and George F. Of the family, Joshua O., Joseph L., Andrew, and Martin Van Buren are married, and with their families live in Minnesota ; Martha J. married Israel P. Ham, of Dover; Abigail died in infancy ; David Y. married Flora E. Huntoon, of Farmington ; George married Almira Meader, of Kochester, N. H. Mr. Cater is drawing a pension for service in the war of 1812. In 1830, Daniel Hani and he ran for selectmen ; the first vote was a tie, and the same result followed three distinct elections on different days. It was finally settled by choosing an outsider, the ad- herents of each claiming that they would stay by their man until death. The tract of land now owned by Mr. Cater and his son contains three hundred and fifty acres, including the one hundred and fifty acres mentioned above as having been drawn in a lottery. The family are noted for their longevity. In politics Mr. Cater is a Demo- crat, and with pride he says he cast his first vote for Gen. Jackson. He carries his great age easily, read- ing the finest print without the aid of glasses. ALBERT H. DANIELS. The oldest record we find of this family is of Peletiah Daniels, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, who settled on the present Daniels home- stead. He was born in 1734, and died in 1818. He had a family of eight children, named Ruth, Brid- get, Peletiah, Sarah, Mehitable, Lydia, Andrew, and Isaac. Isaac was the father of Albert H., and was born May 9, 1782. He married Rebecca Chapman, Feb. 23, 1809. They had three children,— Enoch, Albert H., and Rebecca. He died Oct. 26, 1851. Tlie subject of this memoir was born Feb. 9, 1816, and on Feb. 16, 1842, he married Elizabeth T., daugh- ter of John Sherman, of Sraithfleld, R. I. When a young man Mr. Daniels taught school, working a farm in the meantime. He enjoyed the confidence and respect of his fellow-townsmen to a great degree, they having elected him to the office of selectman several terms; was also elected a member of the Legislature two terms. He was a captain of militia under Gen. Hoitt, of Dover, when a young man. The immediate cause of his death was paralysis, he having suffered from several slight strokes. He was attacked with a very severe one Dec. "23, 1880, from which he never rallied. He lost his speech at that time, and never regained.it. , He died May 5, 1882. Five children were born to him, three of whom are now living, — John S., Rebecca B., and Elizabeth D. A particularly sad bereavement visited them on the night of the 18th of June, 1867, when Isaac, their son, then eighteen years old, was drowned in Men dum's Pond while boating with two companions The boat capsized, and he went to the bottom, the others being saved by swimming to shore. 616 niSTOEY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Rebecca married Horace F. Caverno, of Strafford. They have three children, — John L., Albert D., and Bernice E. Elizabeth D. married Charles F. Berry, of New Durham, now a resident of Rochester, N. H. Dr. John L. was born Oct. 12, 1851, and his career deserves more than a passing mention. He attended the district school until he was fourteen. He, how- ever, commenced the study of Latin when only eleven years old with the Rev. Mr. Mason, of Lee, walking three miles to recite. At fourteen he entered North- wood Academy, where he studied three years. He then entered the office of Dr. George AY. Jencks, of Woonsocket, R. L, previous to entering Harvard Med- ical College in 1870. He remained at Harvard more than two years, and attended one course of lectures at Long Island College Hospital, of Brooklyn, N. Y., where he graduated June 24, 1875. His father's illness necessitated his return home, as he was the only one of the family left to manage the farm. After returning home he commenced the practice of medicine, and has a large business. We will mention here that he was elected superintendent of school committee when only twenty-one. He served in that capacity one term. The next year he was elected a member of the Legislature, which position he tilled for two terms, 1874 and 1876. In politics he is a Republican ; his father was also. The historic Cate Garrison was located on their farm. The cellar and foundation may be seen from their parlor windows, the roof of the old garrison at the present time doing the undignified duty of covering a wagon-shed. The Daniels homestead possesses more than common interest, as being the scene of many bloody encounters during the Indian and French wars. CHAPTER XCIIL DURHAM. » Geographica]— Geological— DocnmeDtary History— PeMtion for Incorpo- ration of the Town— Ecclesiastical Docunipnt— The First Set HementB— Indian History— ludian Massjicre— The Indian War of 1704— Incor- poration of the Town— Maj.-Geu. John Sullivan- Ecclesiastical His- toiy. The town of Durham is located in the southern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Madbury, on the east by Madbury and Great Bay, on the south by Rockingham County, and on the west by Lee. The surface of the town is rolling and the soil fertile. Documentary History.— This town was originally part of Dover, and long had the name of Oyster River. It was incorporated during the administration of Gov- ernor Belcher, May 15, 1732. ^ See chapter Ixxxix. PetUionfor Incorporation aa a Town. To the HonWe John Usher Esqi" Lev' Govern' Command' in Chief of his Majests Province of New Ifampsbire and the HoiiWc the CoiiDcill. Wee the Subscrihers Inhabitants of Oyster River Humbly PetitioD and Piay. That whereas, his Moste Sacred Majesty King William has been pleased through his grace and favor to grant unto yo' Hon' by hisRoyall Commission with y^ Conncill full Powers and authorities to Erect and E-tablisli Towns within his Majesties Province and whereas now y Pe- titioners have by divine providence settled and Inhabited that Part of this liis Majest* Province Comoiily Called Oyster Kiver and have found that by the scituation of the place as to Distance from Dover or Exeter butt more Especially Dover now being forced to wander through the Woods to yt place to meet to and for y« managemant of our affaires are much Disadvantaged for ye Present in our Business an<^ Estates and hin- dered of adding a Town and People fur the Hon' of his Majesty in tlie Inlargement and Increas of his Province. We humbly SuppUcate that yo^ Ron's would take itt to yo' Consideration and grant that we may have a Township confirmed by your honours which we humbly offer the bound Thereof may Extend as followeth. To begin at the head of Ri- alls his cove and so to run upon a North west line seven Miles and from thence with Dover line Parrelell untill we meet with Exeter line that yc Hon' would be pleased to Grant this petition which will not only bea great benefitt Both to the Settlement of our Ministiy The Population of the place the Ease of the Subject and the strengthening and advan- taging of his majesta Province butt an Engagement for yar Petitioners Ever to pray for the Safety & Increase of yo' Hon" and Prosperity John Smith Joseph Jones James x Bunker Sen. John Williams Thomas Williams William Willyoums Henery Vines? Nathaniel] Meder John Meder Sener John Meder Jn "William Faster x his mark James x his mark Philep Dudy. x his mark Demeret x his mark Joseph Jengens x his mark James Bonker x his mark James ? Joseph Meder Joseph Smith Edward Wakeham Thomas Wille Thomas Cbesley Philip Chesley sen Francis Pittman Thomas Chesley Jr. George Chesley William Jackson Joseph Bunker John Woodman Stephen Jones ? Davis X mark Samson Doe John Doe Jeremiah Cromen. James x Durgin mark WilMoum X Durginn ma: Elias Critchett Phillup Cromel - mark John Cromel Jeremiah Burnnum John Smith. Thomas Bickford John Meder Frandis Mathes Henry Nock John Willy x mark Thomas Edgerly. John Edgerly Edward x Lethers his mark Henry Mash William x Durgin his mark. hiteresiing Ecclesiastical Document, 1723. Eev'd Hon. k beloved. understanding Col. Davis & his wife are ab* to Joyn in full com" w*" yof church this is y* by virtue of ye communion of churches to enter my objection ag»t y™ for scandalous crimes until their publick confession Si reformation 1^ crime ag"' him is his hipociisy in pretending he could not wti" our church on acc« of Capt. Jones who (as he said) had taken a false oath ab' Capt. Hills land at ye falls wti» Jos meader^lso when he Considered not the beam in bis own eye relating to another oath he himself took concerning Wheelwrights pond 2d crime is hia Sacrilegious fraud in his being The ring leader of the point peoples finst rase of my first years sallary retaining 16 pound thereof now almost sixteen years 3«i crime is his Sacrilegious covetousness of the parsonage land foi his son Daniel acting thereby like Ahab coveting & forceable entry upon Naliolhs Vineyard 4H> his late wresting the Law of this Province in his partial Spite ag« his own legal minister for so innocently playing at nine pins at a house no ways license for a Tavern & also for reproaching & defaming s^ min- ister as being in drink or disguised tbore-tti besides his the s^ Jas. Davis being so desperately & notoriously wise in his own conceit his pretend- DURHAM. 617 ing to lii(ve so much religious discouiso in liis moiilli & yet live so long (40 yenrs) in liatred nnto contempt of & stand ncnter from onr crncifieil Saviour & his honouring his sons & his wife ul*o ahove the Lord of Ueaveu hy bis licarkeing to them more & rather than to him 1 sami 2: 29 in the second place ag" her the b^ Elizabeth his wife. Ist crime is lier railing agst the s** minister pnblickly at the church meeting in the meeting house by saying that the s^ minister told a lie in the pulpit aU Sobriety Thomas &c 2 ci'ime is her profane mockery at chiist's ordinance of n church meeting for discipline by her &iying iu a way of derision tlieres going to be another caball now i e a horse raceing from caballas the starey constellation or else a secret council for some mystery of iniquity 3*1 crime is her being disorderly a-* a busy body at every one of her husbands Courts to be liis advisor or intermedler in his passing judg™* in any case as if ho sh* regard her nujre tlian his oath the Law or evi- dence if these criminals will have these ciinies to be proved at any church DTeeting to bear the Same w^^ y revereiul pastor Mr. Jona Cushing nmy please to appoint. Then as the IIi)n'>ie Col. Richard Wal- dron Esq. is one of the members of yu^ Church in full comunion &a chief Ju-tice of peare for the Province as a Subject I desire bat as an anibassad' for Chi i^t I demand of his Hun' afoi-said a blank sumonsit notification seasonality as a complain' to sumons evidence for the contir- ntation of y premises as witnesses [two Hebrew words] l Pastor. the woman's 4'^ crime is her su evidently insnaring her son Thomas into so many denials of any such concernt w"i Sijbriety Tliomas in all that Scandalous business. For which cum muUis allis &c as baptized (Jhildren of the covenant by their prop' minister tliey are both of y™ laid under yc Censure of Iiis pastoral rejection as unbaptixed heathen man & woman as Warranted by the law of Christ in Titus 3 : 10 1 Timo .1:20 Titus 2: 15 Math 10:19 Mai 2: 7 1Sanill5: 23 Math 3: 10. Acts 8: 13: 21: 23 until tliir publick Confession & amendm* of life— con- cerning whom therefore I must suppose in charity for yo' church by the receiving such among you \v^ not dare to transgresse these written orders in the Apostolick Law of Christ 1 Cor. 5: 11 & Sundry other Scriptures. About twelve years after the Hiltons settled at Dover Point a number of families found their way up a branch of the Piscataqua, and settled on what is now called Durham Point, at the mouth of Oyster Eiver. They were included in the limit of Dover, and were called Oyster River Settlement. There are now several farms that have remained in the same family and name since their first occupation by white' people for six or seven generations, during a period of more than two hundred years. Such is the Wood- man place, owned by Prof. Woodman, of Dartmouth College; also the Smith place, owned by Joseph Smith, who bears in full the name of the original set- tler. Likewise lands owned by men bearing the names of Burnham, Bunker, Smith, Mathe's, and others have come down in the same succession. The name.^ Jlath- ews, Williams, Goddard, Smart, and Canny are also mentioned among the first settlers. In 1649, Valentine Smith, a merchant from Boston, and Tliomas Beard obtained a grant of the falls on Oyster River (now the site of Durham village) and erected a saw-mill. In a few years " the falls" had monopolized the business of the vicinity. Durham, being one of the frontier .settlements, suffered much from the inroads of savages. But they were not mo- lested to any considerable extent till 1694, during the "French and Indian war," when the settlement at the falls was surprised by about two hundred lu- 1 This was undoubtedly written by Ilev. Hugh Adams, of Durham. See I'rov. Pap , vols. iv. and v., " Adams." — Ed. dians from the Norridgwog tribe, of Maine, and the Penacooks, of Amoskeag Falls and vicinity. Twelve garrison-houses defended the settlement, but for years the people had grown careless, and many spent the nights in their unprotected dwellings, and those in the garrison-houses had but a small supply of ammu- nition. Thursday evening, July 17th, the peaceful inhabit- ants sought their couches, thanking their Creator for their many blessings, the old man to dream of his children, the maid of her lover, little thinking of the relentless foe that only awaited the rising sun to com- mence their work of destruction and death. The following morning, the signal-gun being fired, the Indians rushed from their hiding-places and com- menced a general attack on the houses. Of the twelve garrison-houses, five were destroyed, viz..: Adams', Drew's, Edgerly's, Header's, and Beard's. In Adams' they killed fourteen persons. Drew surrendered his on tiie promise of security, but was afterwards killed ; the other three were abandoned, and the occupants escaped to the woods. The other garrisons, viz. : Woodman's (which has been an inhabited dwelling all the time since, and is now in good condition), Smith's, Davis', Jones', Bunker's, and Bickford's, were preserved by the vigorous efforts of the inmates. Bickford's house being situated by the river, he sent his family off in a boat before it was attacked, and retiring to his house, defended it by keeping up a continual fire at the enemy, changing some portion of his garments every time, and giving orders in a loud voice, as if a number of men were there. The de- fenseles.s houses were all set on fire ; some of the occu- pants escaped to the woods, others were shot in the attempt. The French priest went to their little house of worship, and spent the time in defacing the pulpit. The wife and child of John Drew were captured and taken two miles up the river and left in care of an Indian. The Indian feeling sick, asked Mrs. Drew what was good for him. She replied, " occapee" (rum). Not disliking the remedy, he drew forth a bottle which he had stolen, took a large dose, and soon fell asleep, and Mrs. Drew and child escaped. Thomas Drew and wife, a recently-wedded couple, were taken prisoners. He was carried to Canada, she to the In- dian village of Norridgwog, in Maine. Four years after they returned, and lived together until she was eightv-nine and he ninety years of age. After her captivity she was the mother of fourteen children. An interesting story comes down to us from those old colonial times, which we will relate. It was cus- tomary in those days for those living back from the settlement to collect on the Sabbath and, for protec- tion, proceed in a body to the settlement to worship. Thomas Chesley, a young man, was betrothed to a Miss Randall, residing in what is now Lee. As the people were returning from church one Sabbath, the old people on horseback, the younger ones afoot, Chesley and the young lady loitered behind. As they 618 HISTOKY OF STKAFFOKD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSniRE. were talking of their future prospects in life, an arrow from the bow of some lurking Indian pierced the neck of the girl, and she fell back a corpse into the arms of her lover. A shout from Chesley brought the others back, and they bore the dead girl to the nearest house. As they entered some blood fell to the door-stone, and to this day the stone is pointed out, with the blood-marks of two hundred years ago still visible. From that time young Chesley swore vengeance against the Indians, and ended his days fighting them. It is asserted that at one time, meet- ing twelve skinning a heifer, he killed eleven of them. In 1704 another Indian war broke out, in which the Oyster Eiver settlement suffered more than any of the neighboring colonies. More than fifty persons were killed, and as many more were taken prisoners. Na- thaniel Header, Edward Taylor, William Tasker, John Wheeler, his wife and two children, and Capt. Chesley were among the killed. The 15th of May, 1732, Oyster River settlement, including Lee, was taken from Dover, and incorpor- ated as the town of Durham, from a town by that name in England. Lee was taken from Durham and incorporated Jan. 17, 1766, and a part of Madbury in 1768. From the close of the Indian war till the breaking out of the Revolution, we look back and see the set- tlement growing in importance and strength ; we see old men, who have lived through trial and affliction, pass away to join their fathers ; we see the young lawyer, Sullivan, appear on the scene, and by his many noble qualities win his way into the confidence of the people and to places of trust. The scene changes. A black cloud approaches from the east, a storm that is to shake the whole New World, from east to west, from north to south, gathers over the land. A cry of "To arms!" awaken the people from their peaceful occupations. We see the mothers of Durham, with tears in their eyes, bid their sons go and defend their liberties. At the council-board we see the forms of Ebenezer Thompson and Judge Frost, while in the field are Maj.-Gen. Sullivan and Col. Adams, with over fifty of their brave townsmen, twenty of whom found a grave on the battle-field. Years after we see the town of Durham losing its commercial impor- tance, and gradually pushing forward until it stands a leading agricultural town of the county. Of the many distinguished men who have had their homes in Durham, perhaps none are held in more grateful remembrance than Maj.-Gen. Sullivan, of Revolutionary notoriety. Ecclesiastical History.— The people of Oyster River, after a severe struggle with those of Dover, obtained a meeting-house of their own in 1651, and agreed to pay a minister fifty pounds. Previously, through mud and snow, over hill and stream, unless prevented by sickness, they had been obliged to at- tend meeting at Dover Neck. Men, women, and children would gather on the Sabbath, and through the crooked, intricate paths find their way to the banks of the Bellamy River, and crossing in canoes, climb to the little meeting-house on the htll. The first minister that preached in Durham, Rev. Mr. Fletcher, was procured in 1655, but he left the following year. In 1662 or 1663, Rev. Mr. Hall was there, but only remained a short time. Dissensions in ecclesiastical affairs occurred until the establish- ment of the Oyster River parish in Dover by the Gen- eral Court of Massachusetts in 1675. From near that date John Buss, a physician, was the preacher for more than thirty years. He had his valuable library burned by the Indians in July, 1691. He is said to have died in 1736, aged one hundred and eight years. The Congregational Church was organized March 26, 1718, under the ministry of Rev. Hugh Adams, which continued till 1739. Rev. Nicholas Gilman, from Exeter, was the second pastor, from 1741 till his death in 1748. He was greatly beloved by the people. The third pastor was Rev. John Adams, a nephew of the first. His ministry continued nearly thirty years, and ended in 1778. He had a lively imagi- nation, was a writer of ability, and at times, it is said, was very eloquent. Rev. Curtis Coe was ordained pastor in 1780, and dismissed in 1806, a good man, but not greatly suc- cessful. Till this time the pastor of the Congregational Church was the minister of the town, and supported by tax. But this continued no longer. The next pastor, after an interval of eleven years, was Rev. Federal Burt, ordained June 18, 1817. The church was very small and weak, but was much in- creased during his ministry of nearly eleven years. He died Feb. 9, 1828. Rev. Robert Page was the pastor from Dec. 3, 1828, to March 31, 1831, a short, useful, but not quiet min- istry. Rev. Alvan Tobey began to preach here on the first Sabbath in October, 1881, and was ordained pastor Nov. 20, 1833. He died Sept. 20, 1874. The present neat and commodious house of worship was dedicated Sept. 13, 1849. For about seventy years past there has been a Baptist Church of the class called Christians, under the ministry of Elder William Demeritt and others since his death in 1841. It is now called "The Church of the Disciples." Hon. Ebenezer Thompson was a native of this town, and for many years one of the most prominent of her citizens. He was representative, clerk of the House and Senate, Secretary of State, councilor, com- missioner to New Haven in 1777, a member of the Committee of Safety, justice of Superior Court, dele- gate to Congress, etc. He died in August, 1802, aged sixty-five. DURHAM. 619 SOLDIERS OF DURHAM IN THE WAR OF THE BEnELLION. Tliomas Leea, Co. B, 2d Regt. ; onl. June 1, 1861 ; pro. Ist sergt. ; pro. 2d lieut. July 10, 1863 ; disch. June 21, 1864. Enoch G. Adams, Co. D, 2d Regt.; enl. Jnne 1, 1861; pro. sergt.; pro. 2d lieut. Aug. 1, 1862; pro. capt. Ist U. S. Vols., April 30, 1864. Jobn A. Roberts, Co. A, 2d Eegt.; enl. Dec. Iti, 1863; trans. Co. E, 2d Regt., Juue 21, 1865; absent, sick, Dec. 19, I860; no disch. fur- nisbed. John Shepard, Co. E, 2d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 30, 1862. Harry Burn.i, Co. A, 2d Regt. ; ehl. Dec. 5,1804. Samuel Berry, 2d Kegt. ; enl. Aug. 15, 1864 ; not officially accounted for. George P. Doag, Co. D, 3d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 23, 1861 ; disch. for disability, Nuv. 7, 1863. .lames W. Willey, Co. K, Sd Regt.; enl. Aug. 24, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 25, 1S64. . Joshua Pinkham, Co. K, 3d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 24, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 23, 1804. Luke R. Vibbert, Co. K, 3d Regt.; enl. Aug. 24,1801; re-enl. Feb. 26, 1864. Charles Gammon, Co. K, 3d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 24, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. ; re- enl. Feb. 13, 1864; pro. to sergt. Aug. 20, 1864; disch. Julj 20, 1866. Henry E. Willey, Co. K, 3d Regt.; enl. Aug. 24, 1 861 ; pro. Corp. ; killed June 16, 1864. John Carroll, Co. C, 3d Regt. ; enl. Dec. 23, 1864. John Gleason, Co. F, 3d Regt. ; enl. Dec. 16, 1864 ; pro. to corp. March 1, 186.5; disch. July 20, 1805. Joseph EJgeriy, Co. D, 3d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 23, 1861 ; disch. for disability Oct. 10, 1862. Terry Long, Co. D, 3d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 23, 1861; pro. to corp. April 1, 1803; resigned Oct. 1, 1803. Joseph Palmer, Jr., Co. K, 3d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 24, 1861 ; died June 28, 1802. James Clark, Co. I, 4th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 28, 1864. James Aimstrong, Co. E, 4th Regt.; enl. Jan. 7, 1865. Edward Scoles, Co. I, 4th Begt.; eul. Dec. 21, 1864. Charles R, Dexter, Co. C, 5th Regt.; enl. Dec. 4, 1803; disch. June 28, 1865. Charles Davis, Co. K, 6th Begt. ; enl. Dec. 7, 1803 ; trans, to U. S. navy April 21, 1804. Edward Gullle?,, , 5th Begt.; enl. Aug. 14, 1863. jHmes JIaccaboy, Co. E, 5th Begt.; enl. Dec. 4, 1803; trans, to U. S.navy April 26, 1864. Charles Mo.rton, Co. G, 5th Begt.; eul. Aug. 14, 1803; killed June 2, 1804. Austin Scott, Co. G, 6th Begt. ; enl. Dec. 4, 1863 ; disch. July 20, 1865. Adams Urnbaclc, Co. E, 5th Regt.: enl. Dec. 4, 1863; absent, sick since June 3, 1804; no disch. furnished. George Williams, Co. E, 5th Begt. ; eul. Dec. 4, 1863 ; trans, to U. S. navy April 26, 1864. Charles II. Bickford, Co. B, 5th Regt.; eul. Oct. 23, 1861; died Aug. 10, 1802. Michael Kennedy, Co. K, 5th Begt.; enl. Dec. 7, 1803; trans, to U. S. navy April 21, 1804. James F. Walker, 2d lieut. Co B, 6th Begt. ; enl. June 1, 1865 ; disch. for disability as sergt. Sept. 22, 1865. John B. Sanders, capt. Co. H, 0th Begt. ; enl. Nov. 30, 1801 ; resigned Aug. 2, 1862. John F. Langley, corp. Co. H, 0th Begt. ; eul. Nov. 28, 1861 ; died March 8, 1802. Alfonso Piukham, corp. Co. H, 0th Regt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. Sept. 1, 1862 ; died Aug. 28, 1863. Samuel J. Jones, corp. Co. H, 0th Begt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1801; pro. to Ist sergt. April 1, 1805; disch. July 17, 1805. George W. Hanson, musician, Co. H, 0th Begt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1801 ; disch. Nov. 27, 1864. Samuel Stevens, wagoner, Co. H, Cth Begt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 27, 1864. Alfred E. Davis, Co. K, 6tt Begt.; enl. Nov. 28, 1861; re-enl. Dec. 24, 1863. Asa D. Palmer, Co. H, 6th Begt. ; enl. Doc. 7, 1861 ; re-enl. Deo. 28,1863; died Dec. 27, 1864. John H. Pinkham, Co. H, Otli Begt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; re-enl. Dec. 24, 1863 ; pro. sergt. ; pro. to 1st lieut. March 5, 1865 ; pro. to capt. June ], 1865, Co. F; disch. July 17, 1865. James M. Willey, Co. H, Oth Begt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; disch. Oct. 13, James W. Starhird, Co. H, Oth Begt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; disch . Nov. 27, 1862. Charles W. H. Hayes, Co. H, Oth Begt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861; disch. for disability March 5, 1802. Samuel B. Sniilh, wagoner, Co. n, Oth Regt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 2, 1864 ; died April 15, 1865. John C. Dority, Co. F, 6th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Andrew J. Stevens, corp. Co. I, 6th Regt.; eul. Dec. 19, 1803 ; pro. 1st sergt.; died Feb. 4, 1805. Patrick Kelley, Co. F, 7th Regt.; enl. March 18, 1804. James R. Small, Co. G, 7th Regt. ; enl. Fob. 27, 1864 ; pro. Corp. Feb. 15, 1805; disch. July 20, 1806. Joseph W. Dame, sergt. Co. G, 8th Regt.; enl. Jan. 4, 1804; trans, to Co. B, Vet. Bat., .Ian. 1, 1805 ; died May 18, 1806. John McDonnel, Co. H, 8lh Begt.; eul. Aug. 14, 1863. John H. Doeg, Co. A, 9th Regt. ; enl. July 3, 1862 ; disch. for disability Nov. 13, 1862. Riley II. Parker, Co. A, Oth Begt.; onl. July 3, 1862; disch. for disability Jan. 10, 1803. Otis W. Ilewina, Co. G, 10th Begt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1862; disch. Nov. 11, 1863. James L. Goodwin, Co. A, 11th Begt.; enl. Aug 28, 1862; disch. for dis- ability Sc-pt. 30,1803. George B. Demeritt, sergt. Co. K, 11th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1802 ; pro. 2d lieut. July 26, 1864; disch. June 4, 1805. William H. Allen, Co. K, 11th Regt.; eul. Sept. 2, 1862; disch. June 4, 1866. James H. Long, Co. K, 11th Regt.; enl. Sept. 2, 1862; disch. Juue 4, 1805. Andrew D. Moring, Co. K, 11th Begt.; eul. Sept. 2, 1802. George B. Young, Co. K, llth Regt. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1862 ; died Nov. 27, 1862. James T. Young, Co. K, llth Begt. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1802; trans, to V. B.C. Jan. 15, 1864. Charles 0. Jones, Co. K, llth Begt. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1862 ; died Sept. 20. 1864. William E. Paul, Co. K, llth Begt.; enl. Sept. 2,1802 ; pro. to Corp.; trans, to V. B. C. Sept. 1, 1863. Amos N. Smart, Co. K, llth Begt ; eul. Sept. 2, 1862; died April 6, 1803. John A. Hanson, Co. K, llth Begt. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1802; discli. June 4, 1805. John Jackson, Co. K, llth Regt. ; enl. Deo. 17, 1803 ; supposed to have desei"ted en route to regiment. William Lacony, Co. B, lltli Begt. ; enl. Dec. 17, 1803 ; supposed to have deserted en row(e to regiment. Isaac Strunk, Co. A, 12th Regt.; enl. Dec. 16,1863; died Juue 26, 1804. Friedrich Yungblet, Co. E, 12lh Begt. ; enl. Dec. 10, 1863 ; died Oct- 20,1864. Charles E. Edgerly, Co, D, 12th Begt. ; eul. Sept. 5, 1862 ; disch. Oct. 20, 1863. Joseph H. Chapman, Co. E, 13th Regt. ; eul. Sept. 19, 1862. George M. Dowe, Co. E, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. March 21, 1K65. Robert W. Francis, Co. E, 13th Begt. ; eul. Sept. 19, 1802 ; pro. to Corp. Feb. 13, 1803; pro. to sergt. Nov. 10, 1864; reduced to ranks March 1, 1865 ; disch. June 10, 1805. John Goodrick, Co. E, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862 ; disch. June 21, 1865. George 0. Keniston, Co. B, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1802. George W. Long, Co. E, 13lh Begt. ; eul. Sept. 19, 1862 ; disch. June 21, 1865. Andrew J. S. Tuttle, Co. E, 13th Begt.; eul. Sept. 10, 1802. Charles A. Kent, Co. E, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; trans. V. B. C. July 1,1804. Horatio P. Abbott, Co. E, 13th Begt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802 ; disch. June 21, 1805. John T. Young, Co. E, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. Oct 27, 1863. S. Millott Thompson, 1st sergt. Co. E, 13th Regt.; eul. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. 2d lieut. Juno 10, 1803 ; disch. Oct. 4, 1864. Fernando Gerrish, let sergt. Co. E, 13th Begt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802 ; killed April 8, 1803. Charles Adams, 14th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 30, 1863 ; not officially accounted for. James Couly, Co. F, 14th Regt. ; enl. Jan. 4, 1804; disch. July 8, 1805. William J. Moore, 14th Begt. ; enl. Dec. 30, 1863 ; not officially accounted for. 620 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Jolin W. Kingman, col. luth Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 7, 1802; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Eobeit Goodwin, Co. D, 15th Begt. ; enl. Oct. 21, 1802. James Smith, Co. D, 15th Regt.; enl. Oct. 21, 1802. William Stevens, Co. D, 15th Regt, ; enl. Oct. 25, 1802. William B. Chartwick, corp. Co. V, 16th Regt.; enl. Oct. 24, 1802; disch. Aug. 13, 1803. James Biiltun, Co. B, 17th Regt.; enl. Nov. 13, 1802; con. with Co. K, 2a Regt., April 10, 1803; disch. Aug. 14, 1803. Charles S. Davis, Co. M, 1st Cay.; enl. Dec. 24, 1801 ; discb. for disability June 27, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. Patrick Ryan, Co. H, 1st Cav.; enl. Aug. 11, 1864; pro. to corp. June 30, 1805; disch. July 15, 1805. George E. Langley, Co. K, 1st Cav.; enl. Jan. 2, 1864; pro. to Corp. July 1,1805; (liscli. July 15, 1805. Anthony Boudy, Ist Cav.; enl. Dec. 23, 1804; supposed to have deserted en route to regiment. Moses B. Langley, Co. B, H.' Art.; enl. Aug. 19, 1803; disch. Sept. 11, 1805. Fred.S. Chidsy, V. K. C. ; enl. Jan. 2, 1864; date of discharge unknown. Natlianiel Hancock, U. S. C. T.; enl. Dec. 10, 1804; date of discharge \inknown. tysander Richardson, marine ; enl. Dec. 3, 1804 ; date of discharge un- known. Cephas Hepwortli, navy; enl. Aug. 9, 1862; date of discharge un- kno\^n. John Drew, navy ; enl. Oct. 2:i, 1803 ; date of discharge unknown. James L. Goodwin, navy; enl. Oct. 22, 1864; date of discharge un- known. John Doiiney, navy; enl. Sept. 15, 1863; date of discharge unknown William Tuttle, Jr., navy; enl. Aug. 0, 1864; date of discharge un- known. James Biilton, navy; onl. Oct. 29, 1804 ; date of discharge unknown. Charles S. Davis, navy; enl. Oct. 29, 1804; date of discliarge unknown. George W. Bunker, navy; enl. Nov. 8, 1864; date of discliarge unknown. Cllarles H. Reynolds, enl. Aug. 19,1804; date of discharge unknown. George E. Edgeily. enl. Dec. 23, 1864; date of discharge unknown. Charles H. Bunker, enl. Nov. 7, 1804; date of discharge unknown. Dudley P. Bickford, Jr., enl. Aug. 1, 1803; date of discharge unknown. David 0. D.ivi~, enl. Sept. 28, 1803; dale of discharge unknown. Charles Young, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. James Whi e, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. Cllarles Aiiisworlh, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. Charles M. Ham, enl. Sept. 17, 1863; date of discharge unknown. F. C. McDermott, enl. Si'pt. 17, 180i; dale of discharge unknown. Wilton H. Clayton, enl. Sept. 17, 1863; date of discharge unknown. Horace M. Stewart, enl. Sept. 17, 1863; date of discharge unknown. John Mailtoii, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. George Saunrlore, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. Peter Haughay, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. Dennis Maloy, enl. Sept. 17, 1863; date of discharge unknown. William Jones, enl. Sept. 17, 1803 ; date of discharge unknown. Thomas Fianklin, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. John Rogers, enl. Sept. 17, 1803; date of discharge unknown. Thomas McWilliams, enl. Sept. 17, 1863; date of discliarge unknown. CHAPTER XCIV. FARMINGTON. Geographical— Topographical— First Settlements— Prominent Citizens —Early Jlerchants- Farmiiigton Duck— Civil History— The First Town-Meeting— OfRcers Electe.l— Documentary History— Ear-Marks — Ecclesiastical History— Congregational Church— Free Baptist Church-^Farniingtun Village— The Farm.ngton News— Lodges and Societies- Fire Department— Physkiiins-Tlio Shoe Interest- Far- mington Natii>nal B.mk- Farmington Savings-Bank— Incorporation of Town— liepresentalives from 1790 to 1882— Military Record. The town of Farmington lies north of the centre of the county, and is bounded as follows: on the north by New Durham, Milton, and Middleton ; on the east by Milton and Rochester; on the south by Rochester and Strafford, and on the west by Strafford and New Durham. The surface of the town is broken and hilly. The early history of Farmington will be found principally in the history of Rochester, of which this town originally formed a part. The early record his- tory, Revolutionary, names of early settlers, etc., are incorporated in the history of the mother-town. The surface is uneven and hilly, in some instances arriving at the dignity of mountains. Blue Job Mountain, one of the range of the Blue Hills, is situ- ated in the southwestern part of the town. Its sum- mit affords a very extensive view. Ships can be seen off Portsmouth Harbor with the naked eye, while to the north and west the White Mountains and the Monadnocks, with many smaller mountains, meet the eye. The town is well supplied with streams and rivers, among which are the Cocheco, Mad, Ela, and Waldron. These afford manufacturing facilities which are a never-failing source of profit to the inhabitants. The names of its mountains are from parties who owned them at an early date. Job Allard owned the mountains now called Blue Job, which belongs to the Blue Hills range, hence the name Blue Job. Mad River derives its name from its freshets or floods, to which the country along its banks is subject. It has been known to rise after a heavy storm of one or two hours' duration a number of feet, flooding the country along its border, sweeping property and everything before it; rocks weighing tons have been moved from their resting-places by its impetuosity and carried quite a distance down the stream. One of the floods occurredin 1869, causing great destruction of property, and endangering the lives of the people. In some instances they were rescued from their houses in boats. Among the first who settled in this section were Benjamin, Samuel, and Richard Furber, Samuel ' Jones, Benjamin Chesley, and Paul Demeritt, who located near Merrill's Corners from 1770 to 1783. On the Ten-Rod road Joseph and Levi Leighton were located; on Chestnut Hill, Moses Home, Caleb Var- ney. Judge Wingate, and others in various parts of the town, which, owing to the difliculty in getting name and dates, we are obliged to omit. Among the men from this town who have held public positions in the State and United States legislative halls, now deceased, are Neheraiah Eastman, Esq., who held a distinguished position at the bar for many years. He was elected to the State Senate, and also a member of the Nineteenth Congress. He died Jan. 19, 1856. Dr. Joseph Hammond was a member of the State Legis- lature, and also of the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses. He died March 28, 1836. Among those now living is George L. Whitehouse,' who was a deputy sheriff six years, a judge of the Court of Common Pleas for the county of, Strafford for fourteen years, 1 See biogrnpby elsewhere. FARMINGTON. 621 also a member of the House of Representatives three years. Judge Whitehouse has also been extensively engaged in railroad surveys in this and other counties. Jeremiah Dame, John D. Lyman, George M. Her- ring, and Alonzo Nute were members of the State Senate ; Thomas T. Edgerly and Josiah B. Edgerly were registers of deeds. Jeremiah Jones was the first man born in the town that was elected to the State Legislature. He was elected for six successive terms and nominated for the seventh, but refused to run. His majority at his first election was one, at the last one hundred and fifty- eight. The late Hon. Henry Wilson, United States senator from Massachusetts, was born on a farm about two miles south of Farmington village. The first meeting-house was built on Robert's Hill, about two miles south of Farmington village. The first school-house was built at Merrill's Corners, in the southern part of the town, about the year 1791. Early Merchants. — One of the first merchants in Farmington was Jonas C. March, who came here from Portsmouth in about the year 1780, and built a store in what is now the lower end of the village, on prem- ises now owned by G. N. Eastman. Mr. March sub- sequently removed to Rochester, and was succeeded as the " trader'' of the town by John Googin, whose stock in trade consisted chiefly of molasses, tea, spice- berries, pepper-corns, tobacco, rum, etc. Mr. Googin, however, soon had an energetic com- petitor in the person of Joseph Smith, of Dover, who erected a large two-story building on the site of the present brick church and engaged in trade, adding dry-goods to the usual stock of groceries. He had a faithful old clerk named Joseph Sherburne, who had charge of the store here, while Smith remained at Dover. Other early merchants were Jeremy Wingate and Gilbert Harney. In 1880, Nehemiah Eastman was the lawyer here, and Joseph Hammond the doctor. Peter and Levi Pearl were at the head of the militia, and J. H. Ed- gerly called the roll of names, among whom were the Nutes, Burnham and Isaac, George R. Dame, Sam- uel Bunker, Hiram French, etc. At that time " Jerry" Wingate was postmaster. Farmington "Dock."— The name of Farmington Dock is said to have originated as follows: Long years ago, when Farmington was a part of Rochester, the people living on what was called the "Plains" were in the habit of cutting logs in the winter and depositing them on a little hill on the banks of the Cocheco, near what was called Knight's Brook, ready to be rolled into the river when the spring freshets came and floated them to the " Plains." From the manner of depositing, or "docking," as it was called, came the name. Another theory, however, is that the name Farmington Dock (or the Dock) originated from a growth of large yellow dock growing on the border of Knight's Brook, about one-half mile south of the village, where it crosses the road. People were in the habit of watering their horses at this place, and the growth of said plant was so thick that it became of public notoriety. The word first appears in the town records in 1792. The village of Farmington is situated on what was formerly known as the "Old John Ham farm." The first dwelling was a log house, occupied by one Berry. The first frame house was erected in 1781 or 1782 by John Roberts, and here he reared a numerous family. The second frame house was built by Jonas C. March previous to 1792. The town of Farmington was incorporated Dec. 1, 1798, the notification for the first town-meeting being dated Feb. 23, 1799, and signed by Aaron Wingate. The First Town-Meeting was held March 11, 1799, at the house of Simon Dame, " at ten of the Clock in the forenoon," when the following officers were chosen : Moderator, Aaron Wingate ; Town Clerk, Jonas C. March ; Selectmen, Ichabod Hayes, Ephraim Kimball, and David Roberts; Auditors, Capt. Samuel Furbur and James Roberts ; Assessors, Thomas Canney and Paul Demeritt; Surveyors of Highways, James Roberts, James Leighton, Joseph Thompson, Jr., Paul Demerett, Benjamin Furbur, Joseph Emerson, Daniel Canney, Jonathan French, Edward Knight, Samuel Jonas, Jr., Thomas Davis, John Downs, and George Leighton ; Surveyors of Lumber, Jonathan French and David French ; Hog- reeves, Richard Furbur, Joseph Holmes, Aaron Win- gate, Jonas C. March, Ephraim Perkins, John Murray, Ichabod Pearl, Ichabod Hayes, and Paul Demerit; Tithingmen, Edward Varney, Anthony Peavey, James Nutter, Ezekiel Ricker, Samuel Var- ney, Alexander Berry, and Richard Rund'.et; Fence- Viewers, John Walker, Ezekiel Ricker, Joseph Holmes, Elijah Meder, and David French ; Field- Drovers, James French, Benjamin Runnals, Joseph Thompson, Jr., Moses AVhitehouse, Paul Twombly, Moses Varney, and Samuel Drowne. At this meeting it was voted " that the privilege of being a constable in said town of Farmington the present year shall be sold at vendue to the highest bidder, and the purchaser to give bonds to the satis- faction of the selectmen for the faithful performance of his duty." The " constable birth," as it was called, was bid off by Ensign Samuel Knowles for twenty-one dollars and twenty-five cents. At this meeting Jolin Taylor Oilman received one hundred and thirty-three votes for Governor. Richard Furbur was the town's first representative to the General Court. In 1799 licenses to retail " foreign distilled spirit- uous liquors" were granted to the following persons : Joseph Holmes, Lakeman & Marsh, Benjamin Run- dels, and Elezear Pearl. The following tavern licenses were granted : Joseph Holmes, Col. Richard Furbur, Samuel Knowles, Ed- ward Knight, and Ephraim Perkins. 622 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Ear-Marks.— The following are specimens of ear- marks used in the early days to distinguish cattle and sheep : Daniel Hayes, Jr's., mark was a " hole pounded through the right ear, and a piece out of the left ear ;" and Simon Dame's mark was the " top cut off the right ear and the left ear split, and the underside cut off, or what is called a half take." First Congregational Church.— The First Con- gregatioral Church of Farmington was organized Sept. 15, 1819, with the following members : Benjamin Furber, Peter Akerman, Noah Ham, Mary Furber, Mehitable Hayes, Mary Furber, Mehitable Furber, Elizabeth Roberts. It was organized by Rev. James Walker, under the auspices of the New Hampshire Missionary Society. The following is the list of pastors from the organ- ization to the present time: James Walker, 1819-26; Clement Parker, 1827-29; Timothy Morgan, 1840-42; Joseph Lane, 1844-46; Benjamin G. Willey, 1847-50; Roger M. Sargent, 1851-52; D. D. Tappan, 1852-58 ; Roger M. Sargent, 1860-69 ; W. S. Kimball, 1869-71 ; Eugene H. Titus, 1872-74; Paul H. Pitkin, 1875-77; Walter E. Dar- ling, 1877, present pastor. Between 1829 and 1840 the church was usually sup- plied by students from Aiidover Theological Seminary, also by Elders Nutter, Simeon Swett, Hiram Stephens, Enos George, and Dr. Blake, now of Gilmanton, N. H. One of the Andover students, Rev. Mr. Fiske, was instrumental during the year 1833 in obtaining the first Sunday-school library. The present house of worship is a neat and sub- stantial brick edifice. The First Free-Will Baptist Church,— The soci- ety known as the First J'ree-Will Baptist Society of Farmington, N. H., was organized Oct. 21, 1854. The church existing in connection with the society was organized November 8th of the same year, with a membership of thirteen, five men and eight women. One of this number was tlie Rev. Dexter Waterman, who became the first pastor of the church. The meetings at this time were held in the old Peavey meeting-house, situated about three-quarters of a mile from the village. Under Mr. Waterman's labors the membership of the little church grew from thir- teen to thirty-two. In the month of July, 1856, Mr. Waterman resigned, and was succeeded the following November by the Rev. J. M. L. Bubcock. At a meet- ing of the society held March 2, 1857, a new plan for building a meeting-house was adopted, and four trus- tees were elected to superintend the undertaking. These trustees were Jiienb P. Buzzell, John C. White, Reuben H. Copp, and Thomas C. Scruton. At the same time the pa.stor, Mr. Babcock, was chosen solic- iting and building agent for the society. Among other things he was instructed to take a deed, in the name of the society, of the lot which was selected to be the site of the new house. This second effort for a church within the village was successful. On the 28th of Octoljer, 1857, the new meeting-house was dedicated with appropriate services, the dedicatory sermon being preached by the Rev. Ransom Dunn. Mr. Babcock's pastorate closed early in May, 1858. He was immediately succeeded by the Rev. Daniel P. Cilley. After a service extending through nearly three and a half years, during which period the country was plunged into the strife of the great Re- bellion, Mr. Cilley, in the fall of 1861, having ac- cepted an appointment as chaplain in the Eighth Regiment of New Hampshire Volunteers, terminated his pastoral relations with the church. During this pastorate twenty-three were added to the church, eleven of them by baptism. The Rev. Ezekiel True was the next pastor. His service extended from No- vember, 1801, to the 1st of March, 1866. At a meet- ing occurring the 17th of March following, Mr. True having accepted a call to another field, it was voted to invite the Rev. D. P. Cilley, who had returned to Farmington, to assume charge of the church. A more formal call was subsequently given him, which he ac- cepted. Such was his state of health, however, that the ensuing fall he was obliged to discontinue preach- ing, and the Rev. S. N. Tufts was engaged by the society to fill the pulpit. May 2, 1867, Mr. Cilley re- quested and obtained dismission as pastor of the church, and Mr. Tufts at once succeeded him in the pastorate. Mr. Tufts' labors ended Oct. 1, 1870. His successor was the Rev. George M. Park, whose pastor- ate began Nov. ], 1870. During the ensuing fall and winter the religious interest deepened rapidly, and the congregations became so crowded that the society was led to take measures for enlarging the meeting- house. After some necessary preliminary steps at a meet- ing of the society held June 5, 1871, a building com- mittee was chosen, consisting of J. A. Roberts, S. B. Flanders, and Levi Pearl. On the 26th of the next December this committee reported the addition com- pleted according to the plan, and their report was accepted. The following year, 1872, the church edi- fice was further enlarged and adorned by the construc- tion of a new bell-tower and spire. Mr. Park's pas- torate continued until Nov. 1, 1874, at which time the society was nearly if not quite out of debt. He re- ceived ninety-two persons to the church, seventy-four by baptism. The Rev. David H. Adams having ac- cepted a call to the church, began his labors at once. During the first year of his stay the enlarged church vestry was finished, and apparatus put into the church for heating the wliole building by steam. The next year the parsonage was built. The pastorate of Jlr. Adams terminated Oct. 31, 1878. He was immedi- ately succeeded by Rev. C. A. Bickford. The society is in prosperous circumstances. Since its organization in 1854 the church has had a total membership of two hundred and fifty-three. The church was without a pastor from Oct. 31, 1880, till Jan. 1, 1881, when Rev. David H. Adams, FARMINGTON. 623 who had been preaching in Newmarljet, N. H., for the last two years, was recalled to the church. Going back to his old field of labor, he has been pastor of the church since. Soon after his return, Jan. 1, 1881, a glorious work of grace broke out in the church and continued for a year. During 1881 Rev. Mr. Adams received forty-five into the church, thirty-four by baptism. Farmington Village is a station on the Dover and Winnipiseogee Railroad, a branch of the Boston and Maine, and is one of the most enterprising villages in the State. The principal industry is the manufacture of shoes, which is extensively carried on. In addi- tion to the extensive factories are numerous mercan- tile establishments. The village also has two banks, national and savings; a newspaper, the Farminglon News; an excellent hotel, the Wilson House; and one of the best town halls and opera-houses in the State. The latter was effected at a cost of about twenty thousand dollars, and is complete in all its appointments. The present lawyers are George N. Eastman, George E. Cochran, and Frank Emerson. The Farmington News, the pioneer newspaper published in this town, wtis established March 14, 1879, by J. E. Fernald & Son. It was originally a six-column sheet, but has since been enlarged to seven columns. It ia an excellent local journal, and justly merits its present jjrosperity. Lodges. — There are nine lodges in the village, viz. : Fraternal Lodge, No. 71, F. and A. M. ; Columbian Chapter, No. 18, R. A. M. ; Woodbine Lodge, No. 41, I. 0. 0. F. ; Mad River Encampment, No. 22, I. O. 0. F. ; Minnehaha Lodge, No. 11, Daughters of Re- bekah; Harmony Lodge, No. 11, K. of P.; Security Lodge, No. 264, K. of H. ; Subordinate Association, No. 17, Providence Mutual Relief; Eureka Council, No. 2, Royal Templars of Temperance. The fire department is organized as follows : Engineers, Eugene P. Nute, E. T. Willson, J. G. L. Smith. Hercules Fire Association, Sewell H. Parker, foreman, C. H. Pitman, clerk. Hook-and-Ladder Company, Jonathan R. Hayes, foreman, E. N. Dame, clerk. Physicians.— David T. Parker, M.D., commenced practice here in 1837. Ho is a native of Bradford, Vt., and graduated from Bowdoin Medical School. He has remained in Farmington since his first settle- ment, and has enjoyed an extensive and lucrative practice. He has been president of the Strafford District and State Medical Societies. David W. Edgerly, D.D.S., was in practice in Do- ver, N. H., and Bangor, Me., previous to coming to Farmington. He had an army experience as hos- pital steward of the Second Regiment Maine Volun- teers for nearly two years. He located in Farming- ton in 18G3. He is a graduate of the Boston Dental College, and has been president of the New Hamp- shire Dental Society. Rufus B. Foss, M.D., came to Farmington in 1867 from Laconia, N. H. He had an army experience as acting assistant surgeon, and graduated at Bowdoiu Medical School. Orrin B. Hanson, M.D., commenced practice in Farmington in 1879, and is a graduate of Bellevue College Medical Hospital, New York. Jere S. Elkins, M.D., came to Farmington in 1881, and is a graduate of Bowdoin Medical School. H. P. Wheatly, M.D., came to Farmington in 1882, and is a graduate of Burlington, Vt., Medical School. Dr. Albert Garland, dentist, came from Rochester, N. H., to Farmington in 1880; is a member of the New Hampshire Dental Society. (Firm : Emerson & Garland, apothecaries.) Farmington Shoe Interest.'— In 1836, Elijah H. Badger came to Farmington and commenced the manufacture of shoes known at that time as Natick sale work, Natick at this time being the banner town in the country for the manufacture of this peculiar grade of goods, brogans. He continued in business about one year, when he became financially embarrassed, and left town not to return again. About this time Martin L. Hayes commenced in a small way the manufacture of shoes. He continued increasing his business until he was regarded the largest manu- facturer of shoes in the State, and from the time he commenced business he continued it almost without interruption through life. Mr. Hayes was a native of Farmington, and he always manifested a lively in- terest in the welfare of his town. To Mr. Hayes more than to any one else we are indebted for the beautiful shade-trees iu our village. He set the example by setting fruit- and shade-trees on his own grounds, and the example was followed so generally that the vil- lage was very soon ornamented with beautiful shade- trees. Mr. Hayes always encouraged others to settle in Farmington, and instead of being selfish he did all possible to aid others to establish themselves in business in our town. About 1838 or 1840, George M. Hening came and settled in our town. He came from Natick, Mass. He immediately commenced manufacturing shoes, and continued in the business through his life. He took a lively interest in public affairs, both religious and political, and contributed much to advance what he thought beneficial to the community in which he lived. Much credit is due Mr. Hening for the enterprise and energy which characterized him through life. It soon became apparent to business men that Farmington was a good locality for manufacturing shoes, and Boston merchants did not long hesitate to invest their capital in the new enterprise in our town. Mr. J. F. Rob- erts soon came to the front, and having interested a house in Boston who had plenty of means, he soon came alongside his neighbors in the shoe business. Mr. Roberta was a man much respected both for his 1 By Hon. J. r. Cloutman. 624 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. energy and honesty. He continued but a short time, for his health failed him, and he, too, was soon num- bered among those whose business history was short and honorable. Mr. Roberts was succeeded by his two brothers, George E. and Henry L. Roberts, who re- mained together a few years, when they dissolved, and each continued by himself Henry L. is still doing business in town, while George E. has for the last eight or ten years been retired. About the same time that Mr. J. F. Roberts commenced manufactur- ing, Messrs. Alonzo and J. 0. Nute commenced and continued together a few years, when J. O. withdrew. Alonzo remained in business, and has been continually engaged since, except a brief period in which he was in the army of the Union. Mr. Nute is one of those enterprising njen who may always be found at the front in any enterprise he believes to be for the in- terests of his tow/i. He still continues under the name and firm of A. Nute & Sons. They are among the largest, if not the largest, manufacturers in town. Among others who were early identified in the busi- ness of our town were Luther Wentworth, H. B. Edgerley, and Israel Hays. Mr. Wentworth con- tinued a short time, but failing health compelled him to retire from active business, and disease soon took him from our midst. H. B. Edgerly still continues, and has been continually identified with the business for the past thirty years. Mr. James -B. Edgerly, the present very efficient cashier of the Farmington Na- tional Bank, was assoc'ated with Mr. H. B. Edgerly for a few years. The name of the firm under which Mr. Edgerly does business at present is H. B. Edgerly & Son. Mr. Israel Hays is still in the manufacture, and his firm is I. Hays & Son. Mr. William Johnson was one of the early comers to our town to engage in manufacturing. He has since moved to the West, where he is engaged in shoe business, but not manu- facturing. Mr. N. T. Kimball and John L. Platts were also among those who were early identified with the shoe interest here. Mr. Platts removed to Dover, N. H., where he still resides, but he is not now doing shoe business. Mr. Kimball moved to Rochester, N. H., where he continued in business until his decease. Mr. John H. Hurd, now of Dover, N. H., is a native of Farmington. Mr. Hurd commenced and continued manufacturing in J^armington for many years, when he moved to Dover, N. H. Mr. Hurd is still doing business, and the name of his firm is John H. Hurd & Son. 0. W. Thurston, of Dover, formerly did business in Farmington, and continued here until the great fire of 1875, which consumed his factory, together ■with a great deal of other property in our town. Mr. E. F. Jones manufactured shoes a number of years in town, at first in company with George A. Jones, who still continues. George A. Jones does a nice business, and has been actively engaged since he began. Mr. Daniel W. Kimball and John M. Berry were the active manufacturers for C. W. Thurston before his factory was destroyed. Since then Mr. Kimball has been manufacturing for a Boston house, and is doing a nice business. Mr. Berry has been actively engaged in business since he commenced some twelve years ago, and his factory now is one of the largest in town. Mr. Berry is the only manufac- turer in town who makes long leg, crimped, and treed boots. He manufactures shoes in the winter and boots in the summer. Mr. E. C. Kinnear was one of the largest manufacturers in town for a number of years. He continued here for some ten or twelve years, when he moved to Dover, and continued the manufacture until recently, when he moved to Rock- land, Mass. Mr. A. E. Putnam commenced manufac- turing in our town some four years ago, and is still actively at work. He manufactures for a Boston house. J. F. Cloutman commenced in 1854, and has continued actively engaged in business ever since. He commenced the manufacturing of brogans, and continued in that branch of manufacture for nine years. Since that time he has made a different class of goods, and for the last eleven years has manufac- tured women's, misses', and children's light sewed goods, made of grains, glove, kid, calf, goat, and kid, lastings, etc. The value of the product of J. F. Cloutman's factory in 1882 will no doubt reach nearly one-half million dollars. J. F. Cloutman brought the first wax-thread sew- ing-machine ever used for shoe work in the State- into Farmington, about 1855. He is the senior part- ner of the firm of Cloutman & Bingham, 147 Sum- mer Street, Boston, Mass. When manufacturing shoes commenced in our town there was no machinery used at all. Soles were cut from the sides of leather by hand, using a straight edge and pattern to mark the size of the sole. The heel lifts were cut out with knife and pattern. The inner soles were pegged on to the last, and made to fit the last by hand and the use of a knife. Upper patterns were made of pine wood generally, and bound with flat zinc about three- eighths of an inch wide. The uppers, after being cut, were sent into the country to be closed and made ready for the bottonier.. The closing was done on the old-fashioned clamp, and the thread was prepared in the old-fashioned way," putting two or three threads together and waxing with the old-fashioned ball of wax by hand. ThQ bottomer did all of his work by hand, and in fact from the beginning the shoe was made entirely by hand, without the aid of machinery. To-day the methods are entirely changed. Machinery is used to cut the soles; it is used to prepare the heels ; it is used to mould the soles that they may the better fit the shape of the last ; it is used by many to last the shoe ; it is used to tack the outer sole on the shoe after lasting it ; it is used in pegging, sewing, or nailing; it is used in leveling the bottom; it is used in putting the heel on ; it is used in stnoothing or shaving the heel ; it is used in trim- ming the front edge of the shoe ; it is used to set FARMINGTON. C25 or burnish the front edge and heel ; it is used to buff or scour the bottom preparatory to finishing it ; and in fitting or stitching the upper it is used from tlie beginning to the finish. Even the button-holes are worked in silk by machinery, and one operator can make from two thousand five hundred to four thousand button-holes per day. Machinery has made it possible to produce a much nicer boot or shoe, for a much less price, and in many cases one-half the cost, than under the old methods. Thirty years ago it was considered a fair business for one manufacturer to manufacture ten cases per week, or six hundred pairs per week, and twenty cases, twelve hundred pairs per week, was considered a'great business. To- day there are a great many factories that produce from two to three thousand pairs each per day. The manufacturers of our town manufactured in 1881 about fifty thousand cases, or about one million five hundred thousand pairs, the value of which is proba- bly about two million dollars. Farmington has al- ways been the largest shoe manufacturing town in the State, and.continues so to-day. This short sketch, although so incomplete, will enable the reader to realize the changes the business has undergone the past thirty years. The shoe manufacturers of Farm- ington probably pay out annually in cash for labor five hundred thousand dollars, and furnish employ- ment for from one thousand to twelve hundred people. The Farmington Savings-Bank was chartered in June, 1868, and organized the same year by the choice of George M. Herring, president; Thomas F. Cooke, treasurer; G. M. Herring, A. Nute, Hiram Barker, George N. Eastman, David T. Parker, H. B. Edgerly, John Barker, John G. Johnson, Daniel Pearl, C. W. Wingate, John H. Stevens, Levi Pearl, and Elijah Jenkins, trustees. Mr. Herring held the office of president until his death, in 1875. Jan. U, 1876, Hon. John F. Clout- man was elected president, and held the office until May, 1881, when he was .succeeded by C. W. Wingate, Esq. Mr. Cooke held the office of treasurer until his death, Nov. 11, 1880, and was succeeded in office by William Yeaton. The present organization of the bank is as follows: C. W. Wingate, Esq., president; George N. Eastman, Esq., vice-president; William Yeaton, treasurer; Charles W. Wingate, George N. Eastman, Levi Pearl, H. B. Edgerly, William W. Hayes, John F. Clout- man, Hiram Barker, Jonatlian R. Hayes, David S. Parker, A. Nute, Josiah B. Edgerly, John Tuttle, John H. Barker, D. W. Edgerly, G. E. Cochrane, E. P. Nute, trustees. May 1, 1882, it had deposits, 8212,552.83 ; guaranty fund, 16000; surplus, $10,863.46. The Farmington National Bank was organized in July, 1872, with the following board of directors: George M. Herring, J. F. Cloutman, John H. Barker, H. B. Edgerly, Alonzo Nute, C. W. Thurston, Charles 40 W. Talpey, Martin L. Hayes, Edwin Wallace. First president, G. M. Herring; first cashier, Thoinas F. Cooke. Present president, J. F. Cloutman ; present cashier, James B. Edgerly. Capital, $100,000 ; sur- plus, $2500 ; undivided profits, $4786. Incorporation of Town. — Farmington was incor- porated in 1799. KEPRESEKTATIVES FEOM 1700-1882. 1790-1800. Eiclwid Furber. 1801. Jonas C. Mtirbli. 1SU2. Lieut. Williiilii Wingate. 1S03. Kicliaiil FiirbGr. 1804-0. Jeiomiali Waldron. 1807-12. Levi Leiglitoti. 1813. Ncliemiali Eastman. 1814. Levi Leipliton. 1815-22. Tliomns Plummer. 1S23-25. Josepli Haniniona. 1827-20. Jereniiali Jones. 18.30. George C. Wliitoljouso. 1831-32. Jolin U. Nutter. 1833-34. Jeremiali Jones. 1835-30. Marll Demeiitt. 1837-38. Jolin Roberts. 1830. Jeremiali Dame. 1840-42. Jeremiali Jones. 1843. Mark Dcmerilt. 1844. Isaac Merrill. 1845. Jeremiah Roberts. 1840-47. Miles Scruton. 1848. Mark Dermeritt. 1840. HiriamBiirlier. ' 1850. Hiriam Barker. Jeremiali Roberts. 1851. Jeremiali Roberts. Peter M. Home. 1862. Peter M. Ilorne. John Walker. 1853. John Walker. Jeremy 0. Nute. 1854. Jeremy 0. Nute. George N. Eastman. 1855. Emery J. Danio. Daniel W. Hayes. 1850. Mark Demeritt. George L. Whitelionso. 1857. George L. Wliilehouse. Mark Demeritt. 1858. George N. Eastman. Richard Leigbton. 1859-00. Andrew J. Scruton. 1850-GO. John 0. Elkins. 1801. John II. Hnid. Joshua P. Richardson. 1802. Joshua P. Richardson. John F. Cloutman. 18G3. John F. Cloutman. David T. Parker. 1804. David T. Parker. Elison 0. Curtis. 1805, Elison 0. Curtis. John II. Hurd. 1800. Alonzo Nute. Parker W. Home. 1807. Parker W. Home. William W. Hayes. 1808. William W. Hayes. Hanson Roberts. 1809. Jonas H. Coloniy. Harry S. Parker. 1870. George M. Herring. Jonas H. Colomj'. ^ 1871. George M. lleriiug. Isaac Merrill. 1872. James E. Hayes. John I, Huchins. 1873. Jolin I. Huchins. Orrin I. Fall. Cyru.« W. Nute. 1874-75. None elected. 1870. Jonatlian R. Hayes. George W. Colomy. David T. P. Chamberlain. 1877. George A. Joues. Edward B. Small. Langdon S. Flanders, 1878. Edward B. Small. Langdon S. Flanders. Harry L. Parker. 1879. Harry L. Parker. John Canney. 1880-82. Jolin Canney. George E. Cochrane. Emerson Furber. SOLDIERS OF FARMINGTON IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. Louis Bell, caiit. Co. A, 1st Regt.; com. April 30, 18C1 ; disch. Aug. 0, 1801 ; re-eiil. as lieut.-col. 4tli Regt. Sept. 3, 1801; pro. ool. May 10, 1802; killed Jan. 15, ISO.J. Mark F. Cook, Co. F, 2d Regt. ; enl. Juno 4, 1801 ; cnl. in regular army Oct. 31, 1802. James II. Baker, Co. F 2d Regt. ; enl June 4, 1801 ; pro. 2d licut. Aug. 1,1802; 1st lieut. June 18, 1803; disch. June 21, 1804. James M. Wiggin, Co. F, 2d Regt.; enl. Juno 4,1801; disth. June 21, 1804. . Joseph Quint, Co. I, 2d Regt.; enl. Dec. 2,1803; absent, sick, Dec. 10, 18C5; no discharge furliislied. Henry A. Flint, 1st lieut. Co. F, 2d Regt ; com. June 24, 1804. Charles Jackson, Co. D, 2d Regt.; enl. Jan. 1,1804; disch. Dec. 19, 1805. Ralph Carlton, capl. Co. I, 3d Regt. ; com. Aug. 22, 1801 ; died July 17, 1802. John E. Burnliam, Co. I, 3d Regt. ; cnl. Aug. 24, 1801 ; died Sept. 25, 1802. Alirain A. Card, Co. I, 3d Regt ; enl. Aug. 24, 1801 ; disch. Aug. 23, 1 SI14. Daniel M. Howard, Co. I, 3d Regt.; enl. Aug. 24, 1801 ; disch. Aug. 23, 1804. 626 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Libbciis Smith, Co. I, 3d Eegt,; enl. Aug. 24, 1861 ; killed May 13, 1864. Josepli Rickc?r, Co. I, 3il Regt. ; enl. Feb. 13, 1864 ; pro. corp. June 27, 1865; discli. July 20, 1865. Henry S. Wllley, Co. A, 4tli Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; pro. 2d lieut. Jau. 6,1864; disch. Doc. 15, 18G4. Frank E. Pray, musician, Co. A, 4th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1801; disch. Oct 28, 1863. John L. Brown, Co. A, 4th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1801 ; diach. Sepf. 27, 1864. Thomas J. Broivn, Co. A, 4th Eegt; enl. Sept 18,1801; died Dec. 13, 1861. Kufus Curtis, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept 18, 1801 ; re-enl. Sept. 25, 1804 ; pro. to Corp. Nov. 20, 1664 ; dibch. Aug, 11, 1865. Jonathan Chadwick, Co. A, 4th Eegt ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; disch. March 4, 1863. Lionel Colbath, Co. A, 4th Eegt ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; discharged. Horatio G. Cloutman, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801. Andrew Commore, Co. A, 4th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1801. Cliarles L. Fuller, Co. A, 4tli Eegt. ; eul. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 20, 1804; disch. May 31, 1866. George W. Hubbard, Co. A, 4th Eegt ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801 ; disch. Feb. 17, 1803. George W. Jones, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; died March 30, 1864. Daniel Linman, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; died Oct. 3, 1802. Jesse M. Moader, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enh Sept 18, 1801 ; trans, to 1st U. S. Art. Jan. 21, 1803. Stephen H. Rogers, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept 18, 1801 ; re-enl. Feb. 17, 1864; died Jan. 13,1806. ' John T. Eollins, Co. A, 4th Eegt; enl. Sept 18,1861; re-enl. Feb. 25, 1864; died Dec. 21,1864. John Eunals, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801 ; re enl. Feb. 15, 1804 ; pro. to Corp. ; discli. Aug. 21, 1805. Endrick Senccal, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801; re-enl. Feb. 24, 1864. AUin B. Wentworth, Co. A, 4th Eegt; enl. Sept 18, 1861; disch. Sept 27, 1864. Eichard B. Yeaton, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 18,1863; pro. to Corp.; disch. Aug. 23, 1806. Eobert T. Burnham, Co. A, 4th Regt.; enl. Dec. 18, 1863 ; disch. May 31, lb05. Jeremiah E. French, Co. A, 4th Eegt; enl. Dec. 18, 1863; disch. Aug. 23, 1865. George Green, Co. C, 4th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1803; missing May 16, 1804. Jesse E. Johnson, Co. D, 4th Eegt.; enl, Dec. 23, 1863; disch. Aug. 23, 1806. Eobert Marshall, 4th Eegt; enl. Dec. 23, 1863; not oflicially accounted for. Lars Resniunsen, Co. D, 4th Regt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1863; trans, to U.S. navy, April 27, 1864. William H. Colomy, Co. F, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Feb. 26, 1864; pro. to corp. ; disch. Aug. 23, 1805. Joseph B. Eichards, Co. F, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Feb. 15, 1804; absent, sick, Aug. 23,1806; no disch. furnished. William W. Whitney, sergt Co. A, 4th Eegt; enl. Sept. IS, 1801 ; re- enl. Feb. 15, 1864; disch. July lU, 1865. Bartholomew WiUey, Co. A, 4th Eegt.; enl. Feb. 16, 1864; absent, sick, Aug. 23, 1865; no disch. furnished. Eichard Young, Co. K, ath Eegt; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 10, 1804 ; disch. Aug. 15, 1866. Alamander Young, Co. K, 4th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 16, 1804; disch. Aug. 23, 1865. David G. Allen, Co. D, 4th Regt; enl. Dec. 18, 1803; disch. July S, 1865. George Brown, Co. I, 4th Eegt; enl. Dec. 22, 1863; disch. Aug. 23, 1866. Eben S. Bowley, Co. B, 4th Eegt; enl. Dec. 23, 1803; disch. May 31, 1805. Lorenzo D. Grover, 4tli Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 23, 1803 ; do; officially accounted for. Frank S. Avery, corp. Co. D, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 23, 1801 ; disch. Oct 20, 1864. Wesley E. Home, Co. D, 5th Eegt.; eul. Oct 23, 1801 ; pro. to Corp.; disch. Feb. 8, 180.J. George W. Otis, Co. D, 5th Eegt. ; enl. Oct. 23, 1801 . Ira S. I'lace, Co. D, 5lh Eegt ; eul. Oct. 23, 1801 ; disch. May 14, 1862. pro. lo Corp. ; Anton Braum, 5th Eegt ; enl. Aug. 14, 1803. Horace Barney, Co. C, 5th Regt; enl. Aug. 14, 1803; disch. Feb. 19 1804. Emil Becker, Co. C, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Martin Butzin, Co. C, 6th Eegt; enl. Aug. 14, 1863; trans, to U.S. navy, Aj)ril 24, 1864. William P. Ham, Co. B, 5th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 14, 1803 ; disch. June 22 1805. John Livcar, Co. I, 5th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 15, 1864; disch. Nov. 3, 1864. BufusR. Pearl, Co. D, 61h Eegt; enl. Aug. 14, 1863; pro. to sergt. niij. Oct. 23, 1864; pro. to 2d lieut Co. I, Jnne 10,1805; not must; disch. as sergt-maj., June 28, 1805. Franz Stoltz, Co. B, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 14, 1803 ; disch. May 2.1, 1865. Charles Weitman, Co. 0, 5th Eegt; enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Andrew P. Watson, Co. F, 6th Eegt; enl. Aug. 14, 1803; died Aug. 8, 1804. John E. Averill, Co. G, 6th' Eegt; etil. Aug. 14, ISO'S ; killed April 7,1806. Joseph Ackerman, Co. F, 5th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 14, 1803. William Scliofleld, Co. G, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 16, 1804 ; disch. June 28, 1866. William Johnson, Co. G, 5th Eegt ; enl. Aug. 14, 1803. Henry Goibel, Co. C, 5th Eegt.; eul. Aug. 14, 1SC3; died St])t 4, 1804. Thomas Galvin, Co. A, 5th Eegt; enl. Ang. 16, 18C4; absent since March 31, 1806 ; no disch. furnished. Alonzo Kute, qr.mr. Otii Eegt.; cnl. Oct 18, 1801; res. March 19, 1863. Albert \V. Hayes, 2d lieut. 0th Eegt; enl. Aug. 30, 1361 ; pro. to 1st lieut. Aug. 4, 1862; pro. to capt Oct. 24, 1802, Co. G ; discli. Sejit 30, 1S63. Leonard Bubb, Co. D, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; disch. Feb. il, 1863. Joseph A C. Curliss, Co. D, 6th Eegt; enl. Nov. 28, 1801 ; di.ech. Dec. 15, 1F02. Charles 0. Dudley, Co. D, 0th Eegt. : enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; re-enl. Dec. 2-.', 1863; pro. to 1st sergt July 1, 1805; disch. July 17, 1806. Cliarles E. Durgin, Co. D, 0th Eegt. ; enl. Nov 28, 1801 ; disch. Jan. 14, 1803. Hiram French, Co. D, 0th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 27, 1861 ; disch. April 13, 1803, Wentworth Gates, Co. D, 6tli Eegt; enl. Nov. 28,1801; trans, to Vet Ees. Corps March 18, 1804. Charles B. Jones, Co. D, 6tli Regt; enl. Nov. 27, 1801. Jerry T. Eicker, Co. D, 6th Eegt; enl. Nov. 27,1801; re-enl. Dec. 2.', 1803; pro. to sergt; died Apiil 15, 1865. George K. Eicker, Co. D, 6lh Eegt ; eiil. Nov. 27, ISOl. Daniel Dame, Co. G, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861. Horace W. Emory, Co. G, 6th Eegt ; enl, Nov, 28, 1801; disch. Nov. 27, 1804. Orrin P. Giles, Co. G, 0th Eegt. ; cnl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; discli. March 4, 1802. Edmund Eogers, Co.^G, 6th Eegt.; eul. Nov. 28, 1801 ; trans, to Co. U, Dec. 31, 1861 ; died April 26, 1802. Thomas York, Co. G, 0th Itegt. ; enl. Nov. 2?, 1861 ; re-enl. Dec. 2.5, 1S03 ; disch. July 17, 1865. Henry H. Davis, Co. H, 0th Eegt; enl. Nov. 28, 1861; died Jan. 1.6, 1802. Charles H. French, Co. H, 6th Eegt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861 ; disch. Dec. 24, 1801. David P. Cook, eth Eegt; enl. Dec. 20, 1803. I'eter Nelson, Co. D, Otli Eegt; enl. Dec. :lll, 1863. Williiiin Wallace, 6tli Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 30, 1863. Stephen Downing, Co. D, 0th Eegt.; cnl. Jan. 2, 1804. Alonzo Downing, Co. D, 0th Regt ; enl. Jau. 2, 1804. Edward F. Jones, sergt. Co. D, 0th lU-gt. ; enl. Dec. 23, 1803 ; disch. May 24, 1806. John W. Hanscom, 2d lieut. 0th Eegt. ; enl. Jan. 5, 1804 ; pro. to capt. .Ian. 9, 1805 ; disch. July 17, 1865. John Schmidt, Co.G,7lh Eegt.; enl. Aug. 14,1803; ditch. June 23,180.'>. Daniel P.. Oilley, chaplain 8th Eegt. ; cnl. Xov. 4, 1861 ; traus. to Vet. Bat. 8th N. H. V.; disch. Jan. 17, 1806. John Cate, Co. I, 8th Eegt.; cnl. Dec. 20, 1S61 ; pro. to Corp. June 30, 1804; disch. Jan. 18, 1805: George B. Johnson, sergt. Stli Eegt, ; enl, Dec, 20, 1861 ; pro. to 1st sergt. Sept 13, 1802 ; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1804 ; pro. to 2d lieut. Dec. 10, 1803 ; trans, to Co.~A, Vet. Bat. 8tli N. U. V., Jan. 2, 1806; pro. to capt; disch, Oct. 28, 1805. FAllMIXGTOX. C27 AloxanJer T. Kendall, corp. Co. I, 8th Regt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1801 ; pro. to eergt. ; discli. Feb. 1, 1804. Jusppll A. Hltrd, Corp. Co. I, 8tli Regt. ; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; pro. to Bergt.; died Nov. 3, 1802. Henry 0. Amaaecu, Co. I, 8tli Regt.; enl. Dec. 20,1801; disch. .Tnly 6, 1802. Siiinuel Blinker, Co. I, Stii Regt.; enl. Dec 20, 1801 : tlhch. Jan. 27, ISO:!. Dexter Bailey, Co. I, 8lli Regt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1801 ; dNeli. .Inly 5, 1802. Freeman Colballi, Co. I, 8th Regt; eul. Dec. 20,1801; discli. July 18, 180*. Winslow H. GilDian, Co. I, 8th Regt.; enl. Dec. 20, 1801 ; pro. to coip. ^ov.10,1862; to seigt. Dec. 3>, lSO:i ; i-e-cnl. Jan. 4, 1804; IriinK.to Co. C, Vet. Bat. 8th N. II. V., Jan. 1, 1805; pro. to 2d lieut; disch. Oct. 28, I860. Westliiiry G. Hoilgdon, Co. I, Sth Regt; enl. Jan. 14,1802; pro. to Corp. Dec. 31, 18C;j; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1804; not ufficially accounted for. Orlando J. Uunuells, Co. I, 8th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 20, 1801 ; died July 0, 1802. l.o\vell F. Sanborn, Co. I, 8lh Regt. ; enl. Dec. 20, ISOl ; pro. to sergt. ; died Mny 24, 1863. JohnTibbitts, Co. I, Sth Regt.; enl. Jan. 10,1802; trans, to V. R. C. Julyl, 1804. Joseph F. Welister, Co. I, 8th Regt. ; enl. Dec. 20, 1801 ; pro. to corp. Dec. 3', 1803; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1804; not officially accounted for. EUenezer D. Willey, Cu. I, 8th Regt,; enl. Dec. 20, 1861 ; died Dec. 31, 1S03. Joseph Willey, Co. I, Sth Regt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1861; died Juno 28, 1802. John Smilh, Co. C, 8th Regt.; enl. Sept. 30, 1803. Charles S. Burnham, corp. Co. I, Stli Regt. ; enl. Jan. 4, 1804 ; disch. Oct. 2-1, 1805 ; trans. Co. B, Vet. Bat. Joseph Hill, Co. I, Sth Regt.; enl. Jan. 4, 1604; trans, to Co. C, Vet. Bat. ; disch. Oct. 28, 1805. George Brown, Sth Regt.; enl. Aug. 10,1804; not officially accounted for. Benjamin L. Cauney, Co. G, Sth Regt. ; enl. Dec. 23, 1801 : died Aug. 29, 1804. George II. Pinkham, Co. I, Sth Regt. ; enl. Jan. 4, 1804 ; trans, to Co. C, Vet. Bat.; disch. Oct. 28, 1865. John fl. Ricker, Co. C, 9th Regt. ; enl. July 22, 1802. Augustus Cloutman, Co. D, 9th Regt. ; eul. July 20, 1862; disch. June 10, 1865. Jonas II. Colomy, sergt. Co. 1, 10th Regt. ; eul. Sept. 4, 1862 ; disch. Juno 21, 180.5. John II. Kudd, corp. Co. I, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802 ; disch. June 28, 1805. Woodbury Downs, Co. I, 10th Regt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1802; pro. to Corp.; pro. to sergt. ; died Feb. 2, 1805. Nathaniel C. Parker, Co. 1, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802 ; disch. May 5, 1S06. Albert BI. Whitney, sergt. Co. I, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802. John E. Kennison, Co. I, lOlh Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802 ; disch. March 18, 1805. Patrick Coin, Co. 1, 10th Regt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1802. Elbridge M. Evans, Co. I, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802; died March 4, 1804. James D. Place, Co. I, 10th Regt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1862; disch. Nov. 10, 1864. James W. Rogers, Co. I, lOlh Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802 ; disch. Juno 21, 1805. Jacob D. Garland, sergt. Co. 1, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1862. Norria Wentivorth, corp. Co. I, 10th Regt.'; enl. Sept. 4, 1802 ; trans. 2d N. H. Vols., June 21, 1805. Joseph W. Stockman, corp. Co. 1, 10th Regt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1862; disch. July 14, 1805. John F. Colony, Co. 1, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, lt62 ; pio. to corp. ; disch. June 27, 186S. Stephen R. Colbath, Co, 1, 10th Regt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1S02. Lionel B. Colbalh, Co. I, lOth Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1862. Charles 1!. Liuscott, musician, Co. I, lOth Regt. ; enl. Sept. 16, 1802. Nathaniel 0. Johnson, Co. 1, 10th Regt. ; eul. Sept. 4, 1862 ; pro. to corp. and sergt. ; disch. May 20, 1865. William II. Robinson, Co. 1, 10th Regt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1802. John D. WallingfordjCo. 1, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1862; disch. Nov. 16, 1803. Charles II. Pcavey, Co. 1, 10th Rdgt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1862; killed Sept. 29, 1804. Austin G. Jones, Co. 1, 10th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1862 ; disch. Juno 21, ISO.'i. Tboiuas Pinkham, Co. I, lOlh Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802; 'disch. Juno 21, 1865. Eduanl McL,ane, Co. I, lOlh Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1802. Fiiuikliu S. Johnson, Co. I, lOlli Regt.; enl. Sept. 6, 1802. Andrew Robinson, Co. I, loth Regt; enl. Sept. 4, 1802; pro. to Corp.; disch. Juno 2, 1806. P.itiiek Foye, Co. I, lOlli Regt.; enl. Sept. 4, 1802; disch. Feb. 23, 1803. Harrison Joliusoii, corp. Co. I, lOtli Regt. ; enl. t^oltt. 4, 1802. Darius G. llariinjan, capt. Co. I, 10th Uegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1802; disch. Jiin. 10, 1863. Charles D. Richardson, Co. I, lOtli Regt. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1S02 ; disch. March ,5, IS63. John L. Dame, Co. I, 10th Regt.; cnl. Sept. 4, 1802; captured Oct. 27, 1864. Chnrles Baily, 11th Regt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1803. William Daley, 11th Regt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1663. James JleCanna, 11th Regt.; cnl. Dec. 23, 18l;3. Davi.l Jlotlieral, Co. I, lllliRegt.; eul. Dec. 23, 1803; trans, to Cth Regt. ; misting since May 12, 1861. Miles JlcQuire, lltb Eegt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1603. Martin Moushower, Co. II, 11th Eegt.; enl. Dec. 29, 1S63 ; died Oct. 13, 1804. Thomas Sedley, Co. F, lllh Eegt.; enl. Dec. 22, 1803; trans, to 0th Eegt.; missing since July 30, 1864. Martin Scanlan,Co. C, llth Eegt.; enl. Dec. 29, 1803. John 11. Crowley, Co. K, llth Regt.; enl. Sept. 2, 1862; disch. May 31, ISIiO. Albert W. Dame, Co. K, nth Regt.; enl. Sept. 2, 1862; pro. to sergt.; discb. April 20, 1805. John Williams (2d), Co. I, llth Eegt.: enl. Dec. 22, 1803; trans, to 6th Regt. ; absent, sick ; no discbargo furnished. Samuel Walters, llth Regt.; enl. Dec. 23, 1803. Isaac X. Mclnlire, Co. K, 121b Eegt.; eiil. Sept. 10, 1802;- disch. June 21, 1S65. Charles II. Curtis, Ist lieut. Co. C, 13th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 27, 1802; pro. to capt. Oct. 28, 1804; discli. Juue 21,1805. Lucius F. Smith, corp. Co. C, IJth Regt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; died July 17, 1864. Ceoigu II. Wiugate, Corp. Co. C, 13th Regt.; enl. Sept. 10, 1862: discli. Nov. 30, 1863. Jeremiah B. Roberts, wagoner, Co. C, 13th Regt.; enl. Sept. 19,1802; disch. July 20, 1863. George V. Card, Co. C, 13lh Eegt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. to Corp.; disch. June 21, 1805. Charles 11. Clay, Co. C, 13lh Regt.; cnl. Sept. 10,1802; pro. to Corp. and sergt.: disch. June 21, 1805. Orrin B. Dudley, Co. C, l:!th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; disch. June 21, 1805. Samuel E. Dudley, Co. C, 13th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; disch. June 21, 1805. Everett W. Leighlon, Co. C, 13th Eegt. ; eul. Sept. 19, 1802 ; disch. Fob. 25, 1803. Frank Leighton, Co. C, 13th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802 ; disch. Jan. 15, 1803. Georgo A . Nu to, Co. C, 13tli Regt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1862. Robert K. Peavey, Co. C, 13th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1S02; trans, to V. E. C. March 10, 1805. Liberty Ricliards, Co. C, 13th Regt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; died Dec. 5, 1802. Silas K. Eiehards, Co. C, 13th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; pro. to corp.; discli. June 21, 1805.' John M. Variiey, Co. C, 13lh Regt.: eul. Sept. 10, 1802; disch. Juno 21, 1863. William II. Watson, Co. C, 13th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; trans, to V. 11. 0. Feb. 10, 1805. George II. Smith, Co.C, 13tb Eegt.; enl. Jan. 5, 1864; pro. to 2d lieut. 1st N. II. Cav. March 18, 1864; pro. to capt. June 10, 1805; disch. July l.j, 1805. Henry F. Pettigrew, Co. C, 13tli Eegt. ; cnl. Dec. 20, 1803 ; trans, to U. S. navy May 4, 1804. Charles Bradshaw, Co. B, 141h Regt.; enl. Aug. 14, 1803. Joseph Brown, Co. II, 14th Regt.; enl. Aug. 14, 1803; disch. July 8, 1805. Francisco Maiio, Co. F, 14th Regt.; enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Douglas Maxwell, Co. K, Uth Regt.; enl. Aug. 14, 1863. 628 HISTORY OF STEAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. George L. Norcross, Co. F, 14tli Kept. ; enl. Aug. 14, 18G3; absent, sick, July 30, 1804; eupposed discharged. Alfred H. Noriaand, 14th Kegt. ; eul. Aug. 14,1803; not oBiciiilly ac- counted for. John Koch, Co. 1, 14th Kogt. ; enl. Aug. 14, 1803. William D. Hogan, Co. E, 14tli Kegt.; enl. Aug. 14,1803; disch. June 24, 1805. Douglas Maxwell, Co. K, 14th Eegt.; enl. Ang. 14, 1863. Andrew J. Cauuy, Co. H, 18th Kegt. ; enl. Jan. 27, 1806 ; disch. July 20, 1865. Kichard Keagan, Co. 1, 18th Begt.; enl. March 1, 1805. Granville A. Siegara, Co. I, Isth Kegt. ; onl. Teh. 28, ISOi; disch. July 20, 1806. Joseph F. Webster, Co. K, 18lh Kegt.; enl. March 31, ISOo; disch. May 6, 1805. Charles II, Wilson, Co. K, 18th Kogt.; enl. Feb. 28, 1805. Charles Dcvine,Co. E, 1st Cav.; eul. July 8, 1804. Albert HufT, Co. E, Ist Cav.; enl. July 8, 1804; pro! to Corp.; pro. to sergt. ; disch. July 15, 1805. George Allen, Co. G, Ist Cav.; enl. July 21, 1804. llunjamin G. Johnson, Co. I, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 27, 1804: captured June 20, 1804. John I). Brown, Co. K, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 29, 1864; disch. July 16, 1S65. Daniel E. Dore, Cn. K, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 9, 1804: disch. July 16, ISO.i. Hiram A. Koyes, Co. K, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 29, 1804; died July 24, 1804. Vine Keyes, Co. K, 1st Cav.; eul. Feb. 29, 1804; died July 20, 1804, Joseph JliUtin, Co, K, 1st Cav. ; enl. Feb. 18,1804; disch. May 12, 1806. Frank E. Pluuinior, Co. K, Ist Cav.; enl. Feb. 24,1804; died Jan. 16, 1805. Almon E. Bowles, Co. 1, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 10,1864; died, date un- known. Charles H. Turner, bugler Co. M, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 25, 1804; disch. July 16, 1806. George Anderson, 1st Cav,; onl. Aug. 13, 1804. William II. Brady, Ist Cav. ; eiil. Aug. 1, 1S04. Tlienias Burns, 1st Cav,; ei]l. Aug. 13, 1SG4. Edward S. Cliambers, ]«t Cav.; enl. Aug. 5, 1804. Edward J. Cook, 1st Cav.; eul. Aug. 8, 1804. John Cain, 1st Cav.; eul. Aug, 13, 1804. John Dailey, 1st Cav.; e]]|. Aug. 5, 1804. Jolin Price, 1st Cav. ; enl, Aug. 13, 1804. Edward F. Gleason, Co. I, Ist Cav. ; eul. March 11, 1864; pro. to corp, ; disch, July 16, 1805. • Charles II. Murpliy, Co. I, Ist Cav.; enl. March 11,1804; pro. to Corp. ; disch. July 15, 1S06. Henry A. Fuller, Co. M, 1st Cav.; enl. Feb. 23, 1804; disch. June 0, 1806. Tlinmas Wbittemore, 1st Cav,; enl. Aug. 6,1861. Jolin Smith (1), Co. M, II, Art.; c,nl, Ang, 4, 1803 ; disch. Juno 0, 1805.1 Samuel It. FJandejs, sergt. Co. D, II. Ait.; enl. Sept. 4, 1804; reduced to ranks; discli. May 16, 1865. Augnslus A. Colomy, Co. D, 11, Art.; cnl. Sept. 4, 1804 ; disch. June 16, 1805. Grin F. Hall, Co. D, II. Art.; cnl. Sept, 4, 1SG4; disch. Juno l,'., 1806. Alonzo Blood, Co. G, U.S. S.S.; cnl. Feb. 18, 1S04; trans, to Co, B, 6th Kegt,, Jan. 3li, 1805; Jiacli. June 28, 1805. Henry P. Geriisb, V. It. C; enl. Aug. 8, 1804; date of discluirgo un- known, D.lniel Stevens, enl, Aug. 16, 1804; date of discliarge unknown. Samuel Hunnels, eul. Aug. 13, 1804 ; date of discliaige unknown. Henry Campbell, enl. Ang, 19, 1804 ; date of disclull ge uiiknow h. James Doherty, eul. Ang, 10, 1S04 ; date of discharge unknown. Ed«iird Gideon, enl, Ang, 19, lsi;4 ; date of discharge nnknoivu. Tlionias Casey, enl. Aug, 10, 1804 ; date of discliarge nukuowh. James McGuiie, enl. .Jmi. 1, 1804; dale of discharge unknown. William Bailey, enl, Jan. 1, 1604; date of discharge unknown. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. JUDGE GEO. L. WIIITEIIOUSE. Prominent among the older ones in Farmington who have had much to do in forming public opinion on all the various siibject.s of the day, and who has been honored with the suffrages of the people and called to positions of trust and responsibility, and who has discharged those obligations with credit to himself and satisfaction to his constituents, is Judge George L. Whitehouse. He is of Welsh extraction. Tradition has it that three brothers came from Wales in the early settlement of this country, and settled in different parts of New England, and from these three have descended all who now bear the name. Turner Whitehouse, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was a native of Dover, and settled in Rochester, Strafford Co., N. H., soon after he had married a Miss Hanson, who also belonged to an old New England family. He followed the business' of tanning and shoemaking. He had a large and in- telligent family of eleven children, — ten sons and one daughter, — of whom Nathaniel Whitehouse was the second son. He died in Rochester. Nathaniel Whitehouse was born in Rochester, Oc- tober, 1767, and died in Farmington, N. H., in 1850, aged eighty-three years. He settled in the town of Middleton, N. H., after his marriage, and followed the occupation of a farmer. Before his marriage to Anna Leighton, daughter of Samuel Leighton, of Farmington, about 1795, he had been in Farmington and worked on the farm by the month at six dollars per month. Mrs. Nathaniel (Leighton) Whitehouse was born Dec. 4, 1775, and died October, 1864, nearly ninety years of age. Of this union, one son, George L,, was boru Jan. 6, 1797, in Middleton, N. H. George L. AVhitehouse's advantages for an educa- tion were limited to twenty months of school, six weeks of which were spent at Gilmanton Academy. Mr. Whitehouse has been a constant reader of the periodicals and news of the day, and of history, and thus has a fund of useful knowledge which has been used to the good of humanity. Very early in life he manifested a strong desire for mechanics. He re- mained at home on the farm till he was eighteen years of age, during which time he was somewhat en- giiged in surveying. At sixteen he commenced teach- ing school, and taught several terms. Hired money at twelve per cent, interest, which he subsequently repaid in full, so as to obtain the necessary means to go to school. In 1815 he entered as an apprentice the cotton-factory of Jamea Hardy, of Union Village, Wakefield, and was with him two summer seasons, teaching winters. He then was engaged in farming till 1824 in Middleton with his father; then came to Farmington and began business as a grocer, and was thus employed three years. In April, 1827, he was appointed deputy sheriff of old Strafford ■ County, and served six years, or till May, 1833. March, 1838, was elected register of deeds, and served till August, 1839. In the fall of 1839 returned to Farmington, and built a canal on the head-waters of the Cocheco River, three-quarters of a mile long, on which he erected a saw- and grist- mill for himself, which w.is subsequently cli.inged to V/f/... M^^U^Z^-'i^-^ '^2^" ^i-.^''i-fV3 7!al' S.Sej:i 133-. FARMINGTON. 023 a cotton-factory. This enterprise did not prove suc- cessful. After a few years he went to Dover, and was then engaged as assistant engineer on the Co- checo Railroad, one and a half years, in the con- struction of the road from Dover to Farmington. In 1851 he began the preliminary survey of the Ports- mouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad, Rochester and Nashua Railroad, from Rochester to Nashua, the South Berwick Branch Railroad, and the Wolfbor- ough Branch Railroad, Exeter Railroad, from Epping to Salisbury, Mass., and was thus engaged till 1871. A portion of this time, however, he was chief engineer. It will thus be seen that Judge Whitehouse has been constantly engaged in some public way all through a long and useful life, having been land sur^'eyor for sixty years, civil engineer for forty years, justice of the peace and quorum throughout the State, and notary public for the States of New Hampshire and Illinois, judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1841 to 1855, deputy sheriff for six years, crier of court three years, recorder of deeds six years, cap- tain in the New Hampshire militia, and served in the war of 1812, for which service he now draws a pen- sion. As pension agent he obtained one hundred and fifty land warrants and fifty pensions. In politics he has been a lifelong Democrat of the old school, casting his first vote for James Monroe for President, and votiug at every Presidential election since. He has held all the important town offices in Middleton and Farmington. He was a member of the State Legislature from Farmington in 1830 ; again in 1856-57, serving on the Railroad and Ju- diciary Committees. He was appointed associate justice of the Court of Common Pleas in 1841, and served till 1855, or till that law was abolished. During a portion of this time he had Hon. Hiram A. Roberts, of Rollingsford, and Hon. J. H. Edgerly, of Rochester, as his associates. He married Liberty N., daughter of Paul Dame, of Rochester, June, 1822. Of this union four children were horn, — three sons and one daughter. The oldest, a boj', George W. Whitehouse, was married, and died of consumption, leaving a widow, now living, and a daughter, who has since died. The second, Charles C, was a sailor. He was mar- ried. His wife died, leaving one son, Charles Wal- ter, who is now with his grandparents. Charles C. Whitehouse sailed as first mate on a ship from New York for Valparaiso. Three days out of Richmond the vessel was wrecked. The captain drowned. The crew were taken from the wreck by a Spanish ship ; carried into Cadiz. Charles was delirious of fever, died aboard the Spanish ship, and was buried in the " ocean which he loved so well." The daughter, Laura Ann, married James E. Fernald, Esq., of Farm- 'ngton, and has one son, George W., who is an en- gineer and editor of the Farmington News. The youngest, a son, Walter Scott, was a very bright boy, died young. JOHN F. CLOUTMAN. John F. Cloutman was born in New Durham, N. H., Dec. 27, 1831. He is of Scotch descent, his paternal ancestor having come from the Highlands of Scotland somewhere about 1650, and settled near Portsmouth, at New Castle, N. H. His maternal ancestors were of English extraction, and were among the early settlers of New Hampshire. He was some town official for more than thirty years. One of the name settled at Wakefield, N. H., and one at Con- way, N. H. John Cloutman, grandfather of John F., the sub- ject of this sketch, was probably born at Wakefield, N. H., where he followed the occupation of a car- penter. He had children, — Mary, John F., Ann, Gil- man, Alfred, Hersey, and Jeremiah A., — all of whom were born at Wakefield. John Cloutman died at the advanced age of more than eighty years. John F. Cloutman, son of John, was a carpenter by trade and farmer by occupation. He married Patience T., daughter of Andrew Edgerly, and had nine children, three of whom died in youth, and six grew to maturity, viz. : Erastus F., who was a soldier in the Mexican war, had his name changed by Legis- lative enactment to Ralph Carlton. He was captain in Company E, Third New Hampshire Volunteer Regiment, and was killed at James Island during the great civil war; Martha (Mrs. James Davis); John F.; Horatio G. ; James A. ; and Ellen F. (Mrs. Ed- ward D. Seymour). John F. Cloutman, Sr., died at Memphis, Tenn., at forty-eight years of age. John F. Cloutman, Jr., whose portrait accompanies this sketch, received very limited advantages for an edu- cation, but he has obtained by reading and reflection a good practical business education, and is thoroughly posted on all the important questions of the day. He re- mained at home, working on the farm till he was some thirteen years of age, when he began to learn the manufacture of shoes. Having worked in the various departments of the business till he was twenty-two years of age, he went to Boston, April 22, 1853, and arranged to do work for Joseph Whitney & Co. ; ac- cordingly, he returned to Farmington and manufac- tured shoes on his own account for the above firm, and was thus employed for nine years. In 1862 he began the manufacture of shoes at Farmington, with the Wallace Bros., of Rochester, N. H., and was associated with them some two years, and the following six or seven years manufactured on his own account. In 1871 he was engaged by Wallace, Elliott & Co., as superintendent of their manufactur- ing interest at Farmington, and has continued as such ever since. Besides this, he was interested from 1875 to 1879 in the manufacture of shoes with the Wallace Bros., under the firm-name of Wallace & Cloutman, John M. Berry, superintendent. Since 1879 it has been Cloutman & Bingham, the Wallace Bros, having a special interest. John M. Berry still continues as superintendent. 630 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE:. Their house in Boston is 147 Summer Street. In 1877 Mr. Cloutman built his present fine brick build- ing, which is occupied by Wallace, Elliott & Co.'s manufacturing interest. It is forty by one hundred and fifty feet exclusive of the boiler- and engine-room, and four stories above the basement They employ some three hundred hands, manufacture some three hundred and seventy-five thousand pairs of ladies', misses', aud children's shoes every year, made from kid, goat, etc. 'It cost more than $500 per day for the labor, and the proceeds amount to more thau 84-50,000 yearly. He has always been a Democrat in politics. In 18G2 and 1863 he represented Farraington in the State Legislature, when the town was strongly Ee- publican. In 1876 and 1877 was elected State senator from his district (Sixth), serving on the " Banking Committee" and " Manufacturing Committee." He has been town auditor and town treasurer, and was a member of the committee that built, in 1881 and 1882, the fine town hall which now (1882) stands as a mon- ument to the intelligence and public spirit of the good people of Farmington. At the organization of the Farmington National Bank, in 1872, he was elected its vice-president, and upon the death, in 1875, of its president, George M. Herring, he was elected president, which position he still continues to hold. He has also been vice-pres- ident and president of Farmington Savings- Bank till the spring of 1881, when he declined longer to serve. He still remains one of its trustees. He is a member of St. Paul Commandery, Knights Templar, of Dover, N. H., and has been Junior and Senior Warden of his own lodge, in Farmington, N. H., and Master five years. He has been District Deputy Grand Master of First Masonic District in Xew Hampshire two years, and filled honorable positions in Columbian Chapter, in Farmington. He has been twice married,— first to Amanda M., daughter of Eleazer Davis, of Alton, N. H., March 4, 1854; she died June 4, 1868. He married his second wife, Ellen E., daughter of Samuel A. Kim- ball, July 3, 1869. Of this union two children have been born,— Nellie A. and John F. IIIRAJI BARKER. Hiram Barker is a lineal descendant of the first Barker, who came from England and settled in the town of Stratham, Rockingham Co., N. H., at a very early day. (For a more complete history of his an- cestry, see biography of Ezra Barker, Stratham, N. H.) His grandfather was John Barker, a native of Strat- ham. He was a carpenter and joiner by trade, also cabinet-maker. He went to Epping probably about the time he married, as all his children were born there. He continued to reside in Epping till his death, which occurred in advanced life. He owned a farm also, and was considered successful for those days. He was twice married, and had one sou, John, and four daughters by his first marriage, and one daughter by his second marriage. John Barker, son of John, was born in Epping, Eockingham Co., N. H., July 28, 1762, and died in New Durham, July 9, 1830. He married Sally, daughter of Eleazer Davis, of Alton, N. H. She was born May 16, 1780, and died June 19, 1870. He was a carpenter and joiner by trade, and a farmer by occupation. During the earlier part of his life he was a successful school-teacher, and among his pupils was Governor William Plumer, of Epping. He was a resident of Epping, N. H., where all his children, except the two youngest, were born. About 1813 he went to New Durham, and followed his busi- ness till t)is death. Both Mr. and Mrs. John Barker were religious people, and reared their children to habits of industry and economy, most of whom be- came wealthy and respected in their various places of abode. Mr. Barker came to his death suddenly by falling from a baru. A fine monument, erected by his sons John and Hiram, in the Farmington Ceme- tery, marks the last resting-place of himself and wife. They were industrious. God-fearing people, and left the record of a good name as a precious legacy to their children. Their children are (1) Mercy (deceased), Mrs. Eph- raim Mallard, of Laconia, (2) John, (3) Dudley (de- ceased), (4) Eleazer D. (deceased), (5) Sarah D. (de- ceased), Mrs. Gilman Cooper, of Wolfborough, (6) an infant, (7) Hiram, and (8) Eleazer D. (2d). Hiram Barker, the immediate subject of our sketch, was born in Alton, old Strafford Co. (now Belknap Co.), Dec. 21, 1815. He remained at home working on his father's farm till he was sixteen years of age. His advantages for an education were limited, yet by that same indomitable energy which has been one of his chief characteristics through a long and successful business career he has obtained by reading and reflec- tion a practical education, and a fund of knowledge which he uses to good advantage. In the spring of 1831, at sixteen years of age, he went to Portsmouth, where he was engaged as a clerk, but not liking that, went to Wolfborough, N. H., subsequently to Alton and Dover, remaining but a short time at each place. During the years 1833 and 1834 he was engaged in peddling tin-ware and clocks in New Hampshire and Maine. In the spring of 1835 he began mercantile business at Alton, and after remaining there one year sold out and came to Farmington, where he was en- gaged in trade till 1880. During those years he was extensively engaged in the real estate and lumber business. He also owns large tracts of land in Ne- braska, on which roam hundreds of sheep and cattle, and large real estate interests in Chicago, Iowa, Kan- sas, and Minnesota. He has large interests in stocks of various kinds, and was president of the old Farm- ington State Bank for more than fifteen years, or dur- ing its existence. In politics he is a firm believer in those principles of government as taught by the ■*'^_4 f-y /■ii.'v'T-'-'- '/^ A^^^^-C- 7^ X .4^ FARMINGTON. 631 father of the Democratic party, Jefferson, and ex- emplified by Gen. Jaclcson. He has held all the im- portant town offices, such as selectman, etc. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1849-50, and a member of the Constitutional Convention in the win- ter of 1850-51, serving on the Judiciary Committee. He has been a candidate for the State Senate from his district, and though defeated ran far ahead of his ticket, also councilor. He married Maria, daughter of Reuben and Pa- tience- Hayes, of New Durham, July 29, 1838. She was a native of New Durham, and died Feb. 29, 1880. She was a lady of culture and refinement, and her memory is cherished by a large circle of friends and relatives. Of their seven children, four died in in- fancy and youth. Clara, a young lady, who now (1882) resides at home with her father; Martha C, who died at sixteen ; and Hiram H., who is married and resides in Farmington. The record of Hiram Barker is one of prosperity and great financial success. He commenced life poor, but shrewd common sense, integrity of character, sagacity, and ability, have united to make a record of which any man may well be proud. Judged by his record and success, as developed by a liberal and wise policy, it is not too much to say that he ranks foremost among the men who have lived in Farmington. The history of Hiram and John Barker is closely allied with the history of Farming- ton. They come from an energetic stock, who as a rule have refused political preferment, but have given comprehensive abilities, sterling integrity, and saga- cious industry to the development of their business. Many of the successful sons of the old Granite State owe an imperishable debt of gratitude to their ances- tors for having bequeathed to them those cardinal principles of success which lie at the foundation of every successful life. ALONZO NUTE. Among the prominent men of Strafford County, N. H., who have made their own fortunes we place the name of Alonzo Nute. He came from a hardy New England stock, wlio have ever been noted for their love of liberty and brave defenders of their country's honor. His grandfather was Jotham Nute, a native of Dover, and was born Nov. 23, 1760. His grandmother was Sarah Twombly, a native of Dover, N. H. Jotham enlisted as a soldier of the Eevolu- tionary war April 1, 1776, and was mustered out at its close as sergeant. He married Jan. 7, 1786, and soon after settled in the town of Milton, where he followed the occupation of a farmer. His children were (1) John (deceased), (2) Jeremy (deceased), (3) Jacob (deceased), (4) Sarah, wife of William Allen, ofEochester; (5) David (deceased), father of Alonzo Nute; (6) Israel (deceased), (7) Daniel (deceased), (8) Ivory (deceased), (9) Levi (deceased), (10) An- drew T., who is a resident of Lowell, Mass., and (11) Sophia (deceased). All of this large family were born on the old homestead in Milton, N. H. He and his wife were members of the Congregational Church. ,He died Feb. 3, 1836. David Nute, fourth son of Jotham Nute, was born in Milton, April 30, 1797, and died Sept. 4, 1881. He was a farmer and carpenter. He married Lovina, daughter of Peter Cook, of Wakefield, N. H. Their children are Alonzo, Jeremy O., Leander M,, David H., who was a soldier in the Fifth New Hampshire; Israel M., a soldier in the Fifth New Hampshire Vol- unteers, and was killed at Fair Oaks, Va. David Nute was a Whig and Republican in politics, and a mem- ber of the Congregational Church. He was an in- dustrious, economical man, and reared his children to habits of industry and frugality. Alonzo Nute was born Feb. 12, 1826, in Milton, on the same farm which has been in the family since about 1786. He remained at home till he was six- teen years of age, working on his father's farm sum- mers, and attending the common school winters. At sixteen, in 1842, he went to Natick, Mass., to learn the manufacture of boots and shoes, and was there employed till 1848. During some two years of this time he was in the employ of Vice-President Henry' Wilson, and lived in his family. During the winter of 1846-47 he attended school at Leicester, Mass. In the spring of 1849 he returned to his native county and located at Farmington, where he was employed the following summer by Martin L. Hayes (deceased). (See M. L. Hayes' biography.) Mr. Nute commenced business for himself in the fall of 1849, in company with his brother, Jeremy O., at Farmington, N. H., and after four years they dissolved partnership, since which time Mr. Nute has conducted his business him- self, assisted by his sons Eugene P. and Alonzo I., who have been partners in the business since 1875, under the firm-name of " A. Nute & Sons." Mr. Nute's shoe-factory was destroyed by fire in the fall of 1874, and he rebuilt it in the remarkably short time of twenty days. His main building is thirty- two by one hundred an|d eighty-five feet, two stories, and two stories above, thirty-two by one hundred and ten feet. Beside this, he has one wood building thirty-six by ninety feet, with two wings each thirty by thirty-six feet. The firm of " A. Nute & Sons" employ some three hundred hands, costing some five hundred dollars per day. They manufacture some fifteen thousand cases of men's and boys' light ki]) goods. These goods are made on commission for Messrs. Potter, White & Bayley, of Boston, and the proceeds amount to some four hundred thousand dol- lars yearly. In politics he is a Republican. At the breaking out of the great civil war, in the spring of 1861, he buckled on his sword and went forth to battle. Here the love of liberty, as was more than once shown by his noble ancestry, burned in his breast. He went G32 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. into the army in the fall of 1861 as quartermaster of the Sixth New Hampshire Regiment, and remained two years. After his regiment had entered the field lie was detached and placed on Gen. Rush C. Haw- kins' staff of the Ninth New York Zouaves, and thus remained till the spring of 1863, when he returned to Farmington, N. H., and soon afterward resumed his former business. He represented Farmington in the State Legislature in 1866, and the State Senate in 1867-68. During 1881 and 1882 he was associated with Messrs. Cloutman and Fernald as a building com- mittee in the erection of the town hall. He married Mary, daughter of Joseph and Betsey Pearl, of Mil- ton, April 14, 1850. She was born in Farmington, April 1, 1829. Their children are Eugene P., boru June 14, 1852 ; married Nellie Packer, of Farmington, N. H., June 3, 1881. (2) Alonzo I., born Sept. 21, 1853. CHARLES W. TALPEY. Charles W. Talpey, whose portrait adorns this work, was born Nov. 16, 1835. His great-grandfather, Richard Talpey, was originally an inhabitant of Gos- port. Isles of Shoals,; was selectman of that town from 1737 to 1771 nearly every year. Moved to York, Me., in 1775. His son Henry was the father of Jonathan, who was the father of Charles W. Talpey. Jonathan Talpey was born in 1793 at York, Me. ; was a sailor till middle age, being captain many years ; served in the war of 1812, taken prisoner, and re- mained in the celebrated Dartmoor prison, England, nearly three years ; was deacon of the Baptist Church at Lake Neddish, York, Me., a great many years, and died in 1863. He married, Nov. 25, 1817, Elizabeth Carlisle (daughter of Daniel Carlisle, of York, Me.), who was born Feb. 16, 1796, and now living at the old home- stead at York. Charles W. Talpey, the immediate subject of this sketch, was the eighth child of his pa- rents. Having received a good academic education, he at the age of nineteen went to Dover, N. H., to learn the apothecary business. In 1855 engaged with the Eureka Powder-Works, at New Durham, as clerk. Spent two years, from 1857 till 1859, in the West, which proved a financial failure, but was a large gain in experience. In 1861 he commenced a seafaring life, which he continued till 1867, being captain the last four years. During tlie war of the Rebellion heVas employed in the Transport Department, which was a financial success. In 1863 he was married to Mary Abbie Berry, of New Durham, N. H., a daughter of Elder Na- than and Mary Berry. It was then he really com- menced to live, for with his amiable companion he ap- pears to be the happiest of the happy. In 1867 he moved to Farmington, N. H., and engaged in the mercantile business in company with John B. Berry, under the firm-name of Berry & Talpey. The copart- nership was discontinued in 1870, from which time Mr. Talpey operated alone till 1878, when he took as part- ner a nephew, E. T. Willson, under the firm-name of Talpey & Willson. In February, 1882, he sold out his interest to his partner, and now is engaged in the coal business. Mr. Talpey has been an eminently successful man financially, always by his strict business habits and his unswerving integrity securing the largest pa- tronage in his locality. He has ever been closely identified in his social and political surroundings. A Republican in politics, he was chairman of the select- men of Farmington for the years 1870-73 ; town treas- urer, 1870-74; tax collector in 1875; was elected State senator from Somersworth District for the term ending June, 1883 ; was chosen clerk of Farmington village precinct in 1874, and has been chosen each year since ; is secretary of Fraternal Lodge, A. F. and A. M., of Farmington; also secretary of chapter; clerk of the Baptist Society ; is a Past Grand of the I. O. 0. F., and member of the Knights of Honor. Thus we see Mr. Talpey, in whatever sphere he may engage, whether as merchant, politician, or in his social gatherings, ever getting to the front, and when we reflect that at the time of his marriage in 1863 he was not worth a dollar, so to speak, we can but attrib- ute much of his success to the counsel and love which he has ever received at the hands of his amiable wife. A beautiful home and a competency, good health and loving companions, what more is wanted here ? THE HAYES FAMILY. We can only start this genealogy, and leave its con- tinuance to members of this wide-spread and highly respectable family. John Hayes, the ancestor, is said by tradition to have emigrated from Scotland about 1680, and to have settled at Dover '' Cornei;." Tradition also says that a brother, Ichabod, settled " south," as to which we know nothing. John had a grant of twenty acres between Tole-end and Barbadoes, March 19, 1693-94, laid out Nov. 4, 1702. Doubtless most of his posses- sions came by purchase. He married, June 28, 1686, Mary Home. Tradition says she was then but thir- teen years old, of which we confess painful doubts. The date of his death we have not found. He had children ; order not clear (Fam. 1), — 1. John, born 1686. (See below.) 2. Peter. (See below.) 3. Robert. 4. Ichabod, born March 13, 1691-92. (See below.) 5. Samuel, born March 16, 1694^95. (See below.) 6. William, born Sept. 6, 1698. 7. Benjamin, born September, 1700. (See below.) And three daughters, who married, respectively, a Phipps of Salisbury, an Ambrose of Salisbury, and an Ambrose of Chester. Perhaps there were other children. /^^-^2^Z a//l^ Court shall sec fit, & yor petitionee us in duty bound shall ever pray &fl Tliomas Wille John Huckins John Roberts James Jaclvson Samuel Davis Znchariah Pitman Samuel Che&ley Ely Demeiit Thomas Bickford John Foay, Jr Daniel McIIame Solomon Emerson James Huckins Jacob Daniel Ralph Hall Joseph Rines William Bui^sell Benjamin Hall Azariah Boody William Demeret Tiniotliy Mopes William Allen John Demeret his Zachariah Edgerly Nathiel Davis Joseph Daniel mark Francis Drew Samuel Davis Jr Daniel Young Jonathan Hanson William Twombly Robert Evens Isaac Twombly Jonathan Daniel Joseph Evansjunr. William Hill Jolin Evens Steplien Pinkham Henry Bickford Benjamen Wille Henary Buasell John Rowe Joseph Hicks Hercules Moony John Tasker Joseph Twombly Derry Pitman Abraham Clark Paul Gerrish, Jr Joseph Jackson John Busskell James Clemens Job Demeret William Dam Jr David Daniel Morres Fouler James Chesle Robart Wille Reuben Cliesle Abel lisathers Henery Tibbetes In the House of Representatives May IS'i^ Vl^X The within Petition Read and Voted That the petitioners at their own costseivo the select men of the Town of Dover and also the select men of the Town of Durham with a coppy of this, petition and llie Vote thereon. That the selectmen of tlie Respective Towns afores^aid mtiy Notifie the said Touns to appoint persons to appear the third day of the silting of the Generall Assembly at their next sessions of Gen" As- sembly to shew cause if any why the prayer of the petition may not be Granted. Jamea Jcffry Cler. Aas" Province of) jjjjy 27th 1743. New Hamp j The above Vote read & concurr'd Theod' Atkinson, Secry Eodem Die Asaented to, B. Wentwoeth. 612 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Purenent to the foregoing Notiflcation a pnblicke Toun meeting was liolilen ivt llio Meeting House at Coclieclio in Dover July 19, 1742. And Cnpt Tlio" Willet Esq. was chosen Moderator of tlie s'' meeting &» And the Bequest of tlie Westerly part of the Town for Raising money for the support of y Ministry in that part of the Town for six months as mentioned in the above notification was then heard considered & put to Vote & it Passed in the Negative. A true copy attested, Pr. Paul Gerrish, Town Clerk. Dover May 5"" 1743. The Petitioners for a Parish in Madhury & what they paid in the year 1743. 17 3 IG 2 10 n IS 5 10 2 13 C ,5 2 2 4 3 2 111 11 15 8 17 C 10 11 10 2 7 15 il 14 3 10 11 9 U 17 C 13 9 14 3 10 11 13 11 2 G 8 3 13 11 11 3 Benjamin Hall .Fohn Demerett Zacharitih Edgerly ■William Allen Joseph Daniel Niithi Davis Daniel Young Samuel Davis Jr Jonatluin Hanson Robert Evans Williiim Twonibly 3"l Isajic Twonibly .loseph Evens, Jr John Evens Heiiery Bickfu-d Jonathan Daniel William Hill Stephen Pinkham Henry Bussell Berij.imin Willey .lohii Row Heikules Moouey Joseph Twombly Abraham Claik Joseph .lackson Jame.s Clements Reuben Chesley 13 2 16 19 11 9 12 9 12 5 15 13 2 n 3 11 8 13 11 9 9 18 11 8 10 11 12 7 7 (i 8 3 11 3 I) 12 9 7 C 12 6 40 10 1 Thomas Willey John Roberts Samuel Davis Paul Gerrish Samuel Chesley James Chesley James Jackson John liuckins 1 .Toh Demerett 1 .John Tiusker 1 David Daniel Zachariah Pitman Solomon Eniei-son 1 Joseph Hicks 1 James Huckius. Azai'iah Boody Daniel Meserve 1 Fiaucis Drew Thomas Bickford Ralph Hall John Fny Jr Henry Tehbets Dery Pitman 1 John Bussell AVilliiim Bussell AVilliani Demerett I'Ji Demcrelt, Jr 1 .Toseph Rines Jacob Daniel Timothy Moses In the House of Representatives Aug. 24"i 1744. The within petition read and the Parties on both sides heard, And the Return of the Com- mittee appointed by the Gen' Ass™ for the viewing of the Town of Dover, Read, and tlie House having considered thereon. Voted provided the petitioners procure an Orthodox minister or ministers to preach to them at that part of the Town of Dover called Madbury, Six months or more in a yeare duiing y« space of three years to commence from the fii^t of y next. That then thei e be Raised by the town of Dover & paid by tlie select men or Town Treasurer of the said Town of Dover annu- ally to the said Minister or Ministers the sum of one hundred & twenty pounds (Old Tenor) after the Rate of twenty pounds p month as the preaching is Perfoimed annually for the said thiee years and that the pctilioneis have liberty to bring in a Bill accordingly. ' James Jeffry Clr. Assni In Council Deccmb. 21, 1744. The parties heard on the within Petition & the Vote of the Houses above Considered & non coucut'd. Nemiue contradicente. Theod. Atkinson Secy The First Parish-Meeting.— The first parish-meet- ing was held June 23, 1755, when the following officers ■were chosen: Moderator, Solomon Emerson; clerk, Ebenezer Demeritt; selectmen, John Wingate, Paul Gerrish, and James Davis; assessors, Dauiel Hayes and John Roberts; commissioners, Daniel Young and James Tasker, Jr. John Demeritt was chosen the first representative to the General Assembly, held at Exeter in December, 1776. Rev. Samuel Hyde was settled as minister of the parish soon after it was in- corporated, and was succeeded by Rev. William Hooper, who was the last settled minister in the town. A meeting-house was erected soon after Mr. Hyde came into the parish, but it has long since been used for a town-house. This town, not unlike its neigh- bors, suffered severely by Indian wars ; and when the Revolution broke out it gave its mite towards gaining our independence. The surface is undulating; the soil in the valleys is a mixture of clay, while on the hills are found sandy loam, with very few stones. " Mahorrimet's Hill," now "Hick's Hill," derives its name from an Indian chieftain of that name. Bellamy River drains the north part of the town, and Barbadoes, on the line between this town and Dover, is the only pond, being one hundred and twenty rods long and fifty wide. Madbury Station, on the Boston and Maine Railroad, supplies the town with all the conveniences of railway communication. SOLDIERS OF MADBUHV IN THE ^WAR OF THE REBELLION. ■William H. Miles,2d lieut. Co. K,3dfiogt.; enL Aug. 22,1S01; resigned Feb. 6, 1862. Samuel Willey, .Tr., Co. K, 3d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 24, ISGl; died Au". 18G2. George W. Russell, Co. K, 5th Regt. ; enl. Feb. 19, 18C4 ; pro. to ]»t sergt. ■ killed June 18, 1864. Eben Mnusey, Co. H, 6tb Regt. ; enl. Nov. 28, 18G1 ; trans, to Vet. Re?. Corps. Andrew J. Cross, Co. D, 7tli Regt.; enl. Sept. 17, 18G2; disch. Juno 26, 1S65. Benjamin S. Hemenway, Co. I, 7th Regt.; enl. Sept. 17, 18C2; trans, lo Invalid Corps, Feb. 3, 1804. Daniel Clifford, Co. C, 7tli Regt. ; enl. Feb. 1, 1805 ; pro. to Corp., June 11, 18G5 ; disch. July 20, 1805. William H. Miles, Co. U, 7th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 30, 1802 ; disch. May 11. 1805. Allen Dicks, Co. K, 7th Begt.; enl. Feb. 1, 1805. George W. Hough, Co. I, Ittli Regt.; enl. Sept. 16, 1802; disch. May 18, 1865. Andrew W. Henderson, Co. K, 11th Regt. ; eul. Sept. 2, 1802; disch. Oct. 20, 1864. Ira Locke, Co. K, 11th Begt.; enl. Sept. 2, 1862. Asa Young, Co. K, lltli Regt. ; enl. Se|it. 2, 1802 ; disch. Juno 4, 18C5. Samuel N. Robinson, Corp. Co. K, 11th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 2, 1802; diich. Jan. 20, 1803. George B Bodge, Co. B, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1802; disch. Nov 1' 1804. Charles H. Bodge, Co. B, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1802; died Jan. 14 1863. lilewyllyn D. Lothrop, Co. F, 13th Begt.; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; tnins.to navy, April 28, 1864. Stephen II. Rlcliardson, Co. F, 13th Begt.; eul. Sept. 19,1862; disch. June 21,1865. John 0. Langley, Co. D, 16th Begt.; enl. Oct. 8,1862; killed July I, 1863. Samuel N. Robinson, Corp., Co. K, IStli Regt.; enl. March 21, 1805; disch. May 6, 1SG5. Charles A. Osgood, Co. I, 1st Cav.; eul. March 29, 1864; killed June 13, 18114. Daniel W. Fuiber, Co. K, 1st Cav. ; enl. Sept. 6, 1802 ; disch June 2S, 1805. John Crystal, Co. K, 1st Cav. ; enl. Sept. 8, 1862 ; disch. June 6, 1865. Charles Webster, 1st Cav. ; enl. Sept. 15, 1862. ■William II. Babb, Co. D, H. Art.; enl. Sept. 4,1864; disch. June 15, 1865. James H. P. Batchelder, Co. D, H. Art.; eul. Sept. 4, 1864; disch. June 16, 1805. John W. Che-swell, Co. D, H. Art. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1864; disch. June 15, 1865. Plummor Fall, Co. D, 11. Art. ; enl. Sept. 4, 1804 ; disch. June 15, 18C5. Trueman W. McLatchay, Co. D, H. Ait. ; e»l. Sept. 4, 1864. George W. Young, Co. D, H. Art.; eul. Sept. 4, 1864 ; disch. June 15, 1866. Julius Hawkins, U. S. C. T. ; enl. Jan. 2, 1865 ; date of discharge tin- known. Jii?i5yjt,Tjr;;i.:. f^/4^^2/2^^' //' /u2cZ-z-6d-^ EANIEL TIBBEiT. .^ MADBURY. 643 Clinrles A. Bevvy, V. R. C. ; enl. Dec. 22, 18G3 ; dnte of discliargo un- known. William H. Foss, v. K. C; enl. Dec. 22,1803; date of discluirgo nn- k 11 own. John Validly, V. R. C; enl. Dec. 22, 18G3; date of drechargo unknown. Charles Bedel, V. R.C.; enl. Dec. 22, 186.1; date of discliul'ge unknown. Samuel C. Davis, Sti-afford Guards; enl. May 5, 18G4; disch, July 28, 1864. Tichnor Miles. Strafford Guards; enl. May 5, 1864; disch. July 28, 1804. Villiani H. H. Twombley, Strafford Guards; onl. May 5, 18C4; disch. July 28, 1804. William Galbraith, enl. Feb. 2, 1865 ; date of discharge unknown. William Haines, enl. Sept. 11, 1863 ; date of discliargo unknown. Almond Stacy, enl. Sept. 17, 1803 ; date of discharge unknown. James Thompson, enl. Sept. 17, 1803 ; date of discharge unknown. John Smith, enl. Sept. 17, 1865 ; date of discharge unknown. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. CHARLES W. HAYES. James Davis, who was one of the earliest settlers of Madbury, which was a part of Dover till 17o5, was married Oct. 1, 1688, and lived near what is now the central part of the town. Samuel Davis, third son of James, was born Sept. 26, 1692, and at maturity took a grant of land in the north part of the town from one of the kings of England, which he left to his daughter Betsey, and died Feb. 13, 1771. Betsey Davis was born in Madbury, March 2, 1753 ; married Elihu Hayes April,28, 1772, who was born in Barrington, Aug. 29, 1751. Jonathan Hayes, oldest son of Elihu and Betsey Hayes, was born April 25, 1774, married Mary Ham July 3, 1794, who was born in Barrington, July, 1773, and lived in New Durham about three years, then settled in Madbury. Samuel Davis Hayes, second child and oldest son of Jonathan and Mary Hayes, was born in New Durham, April 8, 1796, and moved to Madbury the following year with his parents, where he has lived ever since, and is now in his eighty-seventh year. In 1814 he went as drum- mer with the Madbury company of State militia to de- fend Portsmouth, where he remained fourteen days, afterwards served in all the company offices of the mili- tia, was elected seven times as selectman, and held other town offices. Married Comfort Chesley, third child of Samuel and Nancy Chesley, of Madbury, July 1, 1827, who was born Oct. 8, 1806, and died Aug. 6, 1870. Moved July 3, 1827, to a new and commodious dwelling, being the first after the log garrison, on a farm adjoining the old homestead, which, until now, had been three generations in the name of Daniels by grant of one of the kings of England. The children of Samuel D. and Comfort Hayes were Ann Sophia, born Nov. 4, 1829, married John S. F. Ham, and resides in Dover ; Samuel Chesley, born Feb. 18, 1884, married Elizabeth S. Hoitt, and lives in Boston, Mass. ; and Charles Woodman, born Sept. 11, 1836. When Charles W. Hayes was but two years and nine months old, while out in the pasture with his brother, he got lost about four o'clock in the after- noon, and was found the next day about eleven o'clock one and a half miles from home in a swamp stuck in the mud, within a few rods of the Bellamy River. He fitted for college at the Military Gym- nasium at Pembroke, N. H., and graduated from the Chandler Scientific Department of Dartmouth Col- lege, July, 1858. Then taught school in various places about ten years. While teaching in Elliot and Bar- ing, Me., he took an active part in religious matters, filling the position of leader of the choir and super- intendent of the Sunday-school one year in Elliot and three years in Baring. Married Nov. 8, 1866, Ellen Marie Weeks, daughter of William and Marie Weeks, born at Strafford Coruer, April 29, 1843. In 1866 he resigned his position as teacher, and returned to Madbury to care for the old folks and cultivate the farm. He immediately took an active interest in the welfare of the town, especially in educational and re- ligious matters. Held the office of superintending school committee in 1866-68, 1871-72. In June, 1869, canvassed the town for a religious meeting and Sab- bath-school at Madbury town-house, and united with the Congregational Society at Lee Hill in the support of a minister. Became leader of the choir, and was elected superintendent of the Sabbath-school, chair- man and treasurer of the finance committee, which positions he held till 1879, when Rev. J. W. Lees resigned his pastorate, and the meeting and Sunday- school closed. He was elected superintendent of the Sunday-school of the Congregational Society of Bar- rington, 1881-82; practiced engineering and land- surveying in Madbury and adjoining towns since 1858 ; held the office of collector of taxes in 1872, and treasurer of the town in 1881-82. Children : Nellie Marie, born May 4, 1870; Anne Lillian, born Oct. 11, 1873 ; and Cora Enniette, born Dec. 25, 1877, died April 27, 1879. DANIEL TIBBETTS. The Tibbetts family, particularly this branch of it, are of Welsh origin. The first authentic record we find of them is of Jeremiah Tibbetts, great-grand- father of the subject of this sketch, who came to this country about the year 1700, and settled on the farm at present occupied by Frank E. Tibbetts, who is in the fifth generation that has lived there since its set- tlement. At the time of Jeremiah's settlement, a gar- rison occupied a site but a short distance from the house of Frank E., which was the scene of many bloody encounters between the Indians and whites. Jeremiah was captured, and carried off by the In- dians, who put him to death for refusing to reveal to them what he knew of the contents of the garrison. Daniel, his son, then took the place, and from him Israel inherited it. Then came Daniel, the subject of this memoir. He was one of a family of six children, but two of whom are now living, — Joannah Chesley, 644 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of Epsom, N. H., and Lydia S. Snell, widow of Paul Snell. Mr. Tibbetts was born March 2, 1809, and in- herited the characteristics of his progenitors, who were frugal and industrious to a great degree; that he enjoyed the confidence of his friends and towns- men, the fact of their having elected him to the high- est positions in their gift is suflRcient proof. He was elected representative to the Legislature, and held the offices of selectman and moderator several terms. He was married to his young wife but a short time when she sickened and died with the typhoid fever, leaving him with an infant son, Frank E., who was but a few months old. He was taken with the malady and died in September, 1857, but a few days after his wife. The property fell to the infant, Frank E., who grew up to manhood and attended school in his native town, with the exception of a few terms spent at the Dover Academy. He wa^ born July 8, 1857, and was married to Lizzie Whitehouse, Jan. 22, 1880; one cliild has been born to them, Sarah E., born Dec. 17, 1880. The home-farm now contains two hundred and fifty acres, and is in a high state of cultivation, pleas- antly situated, and the fact that it has been handed down through five generations makes a mention of it of more than common interest. Mr. Tibbetts was a Baptist, as were all of his ancestors. By his untimely death (a fact well remembered by many of his friends who are still living) the town lost a good and influen- tial citizen. CHAPTER XCVIL 'WIDDLETON. This town lies in the extreme northern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Carroll County, on the east by Carroll County and the town of Milton, on the south by Milton, and on the west by New Durham. Middleton was settled a short time prior to the Eevolution, and among the pioneers was Thomas Morgan. The early settlers were mainly from Lee, Somersworth, and Rocliester. The surface of the town is rough and rocky. The principal elevation is Moose Mountain, which separates it from Brook- field. The town was incorporated March 4, 1778, and in December, 1794, the town of Brookfield was severed from it. For many years these two towns united in sending a representative to the Legislature. In 1826 David Davis, Esq., who represented these towns in the Legislature, caused a special act to be passed, al- lowing each town a member, neither of which had the constitutional number of votes. The first settled minister was Eev. Nehemiah Ord- way (orthodox). His successor. Elder John Buzzell, a Free-Will Baptist, established a church, since which time this has been the prevailing religious sentiment. The southern and central parts of Middleton have a level surface, but while looking north, Great Mooae, Bald, and Parker Mountains tower up before the eye of the beholder, forming a natural bulwark between this and the town of Brookfield. The soil yields scant returns, yet by that perseverance and industry which characterizes the people of New England, many are in prosperous circumstances. Middleton Corners, a little hamlet south of the centre of the town, is the principal place of business. Here is the post-office, the stores, a hotel, a public hall, and one Free-Will Baptist Church edifice. CHAPTER XCVIIL MILTON.l This is the northeasterly town in Straffiird County, and is situated upon the Salmon Falls River, which forms its entire easterly boundary, and separates it from Acton and Lebanon in the State of Maine. It is bounded southerly by Rochester, westerly by Farm- ington, and northerly by Middleton and Wakefield. The west branch of the Lebanon Falls River also runs through the town, making a junction with the east branch at the head of Northeast Pond. The town has a territorial extent of about eighteen thousand acres. The surface is somewhat broken, but the soil is generally good and well adapted to farming purposes. The Tenerifle Mountain is a bold, rocky elevation, near the centre of the town, affording excellent pasturage. The town is abund- antly watered, being traversed by numerous streams and brooks beside those already named. The three ponds from which the principal village takes its name are a trio of beautiful ponds spread out at the base of the mountain, affording excellent boating and fishing, and are a favorite resort of the disciples of the immortal Isaac. The early history of this town is identified with that of Rochester, it having formed a part of that town under the name of the Third or Northeast Par- ish prior to June 11, 1802, at which time it was in- corporated into a separate town by legislative enact- ment. On account of the destruction of the records by fire, it has been found somewhat difficult to determine just when, where, or by whom the first permanent settlement was made in this, town. It is, however, very certain that it was in the southern part of the town, and probably as early as 1760, or very near that time. The writer is of opinion that Jonathan Twombly is entitled to the honor of making the first settlement near the Twombly Brook, and upon the farm now owned by Hon. Luthej- Hayes, and sometimes called the Bragdon farm, Samuel Bragdon having purchased 1 By CLarles C. Uajcs. MILTON. 615 the farm from a son of Mr. Twombly in about 1800. Mr. Twombly and his wife and some of their chil- dren were, no doubt, buried upon this farm. An an- cient headstone records that Hannah Twombly died in February, 1769. She was doubtless a daughter of Jonathan, and this is believed to be the oldest grave in Milton. Kichard Walker was also a very early settler and a near neighbor of Mr. Twombly ; probably there was very little difference in the time of their settlement. Mr. Walker died in 1813 at the age of seventy-seven years, and he and his wife are buried very near their old neighbors. The date of Mr. Twombly's settle- ment is obtained from the birth of his daughter, Betsey, who afterwards married James C. Hayes. She was born June 4, 1862, and is believed to have been the first white child born in town. John Twombly, not supposed to be a near relative of Jonathan, made a settlement in what is now known as the Varney neighborhood in 1771 or 1772, and had for nearest neighbor one Jenkins, who lived upon the Goodwin hill at that time. The Christian name of Mr. Jenkins is not known, and no subsequent knowl- edge is had of him. Mr. Twombly very soon removed to and made a permanent settlement in the Lyman neighborhood, where he and his good wife died at a ripe old age. Our respected townsman, Theodore C. Lyman, was an adopted son of this worthy couple, and always spoke of them with much affection. The next settlement is believed to have been made upon Plumer's Ridge in 1772 or 1773, or very near , that time, and probably by Benjamin Scates. Beard ^ Plumer and his brother Joseph, sons of the Hon. John Plumer, of Rochester, however, were very early settlers, and it has been sometimes questioned whether they were not the first in this locality. James C. Hayes, David Wallingford, William Palmer, Elijah Horn, Moses Chamberlain, and others, very soon fol- lowed and opened up settlements in this neighbor- hood. This was soon followed by quite a rush of settlers to the west side of the town, Daniel Hayes, Caleb Wakeham, Enoch Varney, Samuel Nute, Wil- liam Wentworth, William Tuttle, Ichabod Hayes, James Hayes, Ebenezer Coursan, and Stephen Mes- eron being among the first, Jeremiah Cook, Dudley Burnham, Jotham Nute, Otis Pinkham, Ephraim Plumer, John Twombly, James "Varney, John Varney, William Mathes, and others coming soon after. Early in the summer of 1776, Samuel Twombly, a nephew of the first settler, Jonathan Twombly, could have been seen, with a pack well strapped upon his back, wending his way up the side of Teneriffe, to search out a home for his lady love, returning and bringing her to this wild region the next year. Stephen Wentworth very soon became a neighbor of the Tvvomblys. 1 The writer liae adhered to tbe ancient manner of spelling this and many other u&tfiea. It does not appear that any settlement was made east of the West Branch River prior to about 1785 or 1786, and among the earlier settlers there may be named, among others, Reuben Jones, Paul Jewett, Amos Witham, the Berrys, the Millers, Ephraim Twombly, Paul Wentworth, Caleb Wingate, David Coui-san, John McDuffee, and soon after Platwell Nutter, Thomas Applebee, William Applebee, John Hart, John Remick, Jr., Nathaniel Dearborn, Joseph Dearborn, and many others. Among the first who settled at Three Ponds were Samuel Palmer, Levi Burgen, John Fish, Paul Jewett, Pelatiah Hanscom, Robert McGeoch, and others. Daniel Door and Jonathan Door settled at the head of the Pond quite early. The old tavern-house at Three Ponds, burned a few years ago, was built by Robert McGeoch in 1786 or 1787, and was perhaps the first tavern in town. April 9, 1787, the town of Rochester " voted to raise a tax on the supposed first parish, to pay Rev. Joseph Haven his salary, and also voted to raise an equivalent tax on the out parts of the town, to be laid out by them at such time and place as they may agree." This was doubtless the origin of the dif- ferent parishes which were afterwards established. On Oct. 15, 1787, Rochester " voted to lay out a road from the Branch bridge to Palmer's mill." This was the first public road laid out in Milton, and was from some bridge in the present town of Roch- ester, and not from what is now known as the Branch bridge in Milton, for, at a meeting held the 31st day of the following March, they " voted to lay out a road from Palmer's mill to Wakefield line, if the owners will give the land." This road extended over Plumer's Ridge, the Branch River, and what has since been known as the Branch Hill, thus establish- ing a thoroughfare through the entire town from Rochester to Wakefield. March 7, 1792, " Voted to lay out a road from Moses Chamberlin's to Haines' Mills." This is the old road leading from the Branch to Union village. March 5, 1793, "Voted to layout a road from Shap- leigh Upper Mill to Wakefield line, in accordance with the petition of Thomas Cloutmenn." James Hartford is said to have been the first trader or merchant in Milton. He was located at Three Ponds, but in what year is not known. He has been succeeded by something more than one hundred dif- ferent merchants in that village. Elijah Horn was doubtless the first blacksmith, but was soon followed by Isaac Worster at the Ponds, and later by Solomon Land and Joseph Rines at Milton Mills. Stephen Drew settled at Milton Mills in 1818 or 1819, and after a year or two moved to the Three Ponds. He is supposed to have been the first resi- dent physician in town. Before his time doctors were called from other towns when needed. 646 HISTORY OF STEAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Owing to the destruction of the post-office records and papers by fire, it has been found impossible to determine who was the first postmaster in Milton. John Nutter, however, was the first at Milton Mills, and the post-route was from Emery's Mills through Milton Mills to Middleton, and the mail was carried once in two weeks by a Mr. Home. It has been determined who the first merchant was in this village, but the ladies have had the privilege of buying their tea and spices from about one hundred different traders. Asa Fox has doubtless been in trade longer than any other person in town, having been in business forty-eight years in succession, and forty-six years upon the same location. Corporate Seal. — Very soon after the organization of the town it was voted to use the letter M as a seal for the town of Milton. The first town-meeting in Milton was called by William Palmer, Esq., and held at the dwelliiig- house of Lieut. Elijah Horn (now the dwelling- house of Lewis B. Twombly), on the 30th day of August, 1802; at which meeting Beard Plumer was chosen moderator ; Gilman Jewett, town clerk ; and William Palmer, John Fish, John Eemick, Jr., select- men. The first official act of the selectmen is shown by the record, as follows, viz. : "State or New Hampshire, StEAFFOKD, 33. " We, the Selectmen of Milton, do by these presents license Mr. Elijah Hoin to keep a Public Tavern at his bouse in Milton from this date un- der such liules and liegulations as the Law directs. " Given under our hands at Milton this 30th day of August, 1803. " William Palmer, "John Fish, " John Keniick, Jr., " Selectmen^ " A true copy. " Attest, " Oilman Jewett, T. aeri." At the first annual meeting, held March 14, 1803, Beard Plumer was chosen moderator; Gilman Jewett, clerk; William Palmer, John Fish, Ezekiel Hayes, selectmen; and Beard Plumer, representative. One hundred and thirty-four votes were cast for Governor, of which John J. Gilman had one hundred and three ; John Langdon had thirty-one. At this meeting a committee was chosen to fix upon the centre of the town and a location for a meeting- house. This committee consisted of Capt. Daniel Hayes, John Fish, Timothy Koberts, John Eemick, Jr., William Palmer, and Beard Plumer, who being unable to agree called in council Joshua Allen, Daniel Wingate, and Luther Dearborn, who selected the site of the present town-house. To this the committee did agree, and so reported at an adjourned meeting, which report was accepted and adopted by vote of the town. The town also voted to build a house fifty-two by forty-two feet, with a porch at each end eleven feet square, and a, portico in front. A building committee was chosen, consisting of John Fish, Gilman Jewett, and Beard Plumer. This committee was authorized to let the building of the house at "public vendue," and also to sell the pews. On the 4th day of July, 1803, three separate con- tracts were made: first, the construction and erection of the frame (the timber to be cut on the school-lot) was let to Caleb Wingate, for the sum of three hun- dred and ninety-eight dollars; second, the outside fin- ish complete to Gilman Jewett, for six hundred and eighty dollars; third, all the inside work to Daniel Hayes, for nine hundred and forty dollars. The house was to be completed on or before Oct. 31, 1804. Upon the completion of the house each of the con- tractors presented charges for extra work done, which, with committee's fees, cost of lot, two gallons of rum for the raising, interest, etc., brought the whole cost up to two thousand three hundred and fifty-two dollars and twenty-eight cents. The pews sold for nineteen hundred and eighty-three dollars and seventy-five cents, thus leaving the town a property interest in the house of three hundred and sixty-eight dollars and fifty-three cents. The first town-meeting was held in the new house on the 27th day of August, 1804, for the election of town representatives to Congress. At this meeting James C. Hayes was chosen moderator. On the 1st day of May, 1850, at a proprietors' meet- ing called for that purpose, it was voted to sell this meeting-house, and a committee consisting of Charles C. Hayes, Enoch W. Plumer, and Joseph Plumer was chosen to sell and convey the same. The house was sold at public auction May 25, 1850, to Micha Lyman for one hundred and seventy-three dollars, and was sold by him to the town, and con- verted into the present tavern-house. Officers of the Town. — Moderators. — During the eighty years since the town was incorporated the moderators at the annual elections have been as fol- lows : Beard Plumer 6 yrs. John Fi.fh l' " John Remick, Jr 8 *' Joseph Plumer, Jr. 4 " Levi Jones 4 " John Nutter 1 " James Uobei'ts 8 " Hanson Hayes 10 " Charles Swasy 3 " Thomas Obapnian 2 " James Berry 2 yr^. Ell Wentworth 1 " John D. Lyman 1 " Asa Fox 1 " Charles A.- Varney 3 " Cliarles C. Hayes 14 " Charles Jones 6 " E. W. Plumer 2 " Aliram Sanborn 2 " Luther Hayes 1 " Many of these gentlemen have served at other than the annual March elections, as well as others not here noted. TOWN CLERKS. 1802-6. Gilman Jewett. 1807-10. John Fish. 1811-22. Levi Jones. 1823-39. Stephen M. Mathes. 1840. Jami'S M. Twombly. 1841-51. Robert Mathes. 1852-53. Daniel E. Palmer. 1854-65. Ezra H. Twombly. 1850-68. Joseph Mnthes. 1869. George W. Taskcr. 1870-74. Joseph Mathes. 1875-82. Charles H. Looney. MILTON. 647 EEPRESESTATIVES. 1S03, 1S05-8. Beard Plumer. 1804, ISOiMO. John Fish. lSll-12, 1818-19. Theodore C. Ly- man, 1S13-15. William Palmer. 1816-17. John Kemick, Jr. 1820-21. Daniel Hayes. 1822-24. Levi Jones. 182.5-27. Hanson Hayes. 1S28-20, 1835-36.-Tliomas Chap- man. 1S30-32. Stephen M. Mathes. 18:)3-34. Steplien Drew. 1837-38. James 31. Twomblj-. 1839-40. James Berry. 1841-43. John H. Varney. 1842. None elected. 1844-45. Charles Swasey. 1846-47. Ichahod H. Wentworth. 1848-49. Asa Fox. 1850. Kohert Matliea. 1851-52, Ebenezer Osgood. 1S63. James Doldt. John D. Lyman. 1854. Jolin D. Lyman. Samuel Wasliburn. 1855-56. Eli Wentworth. David Wallingford. 1857-58. Lutlier Hayes. Lewis Plumer, 1850-00. John E. Goodwin. Daniel E. Palmer. 1861-62. Enoch W. Plumer. Charles A. Yariiey. 1803-04. Charles Jones. Theodore Lyman. 1866-66. Ambrose H. Wontwortli. Tliomiis I[. Roberts. 1867-08. Jolin 0. Sinips. Hiram V. Wentworth 1869. George Lyman. Samuel G. Chamberlin. 1870. George Lyman, Samuel W, Wallingford. 1871. Samuel G. Chiimberlin. George W. Tasker. 1872. George W. Tasker. Bray U. Simes. 1873. Joseph Plumer. Elbridge W. Fox. 1874-75. Cl)arles C. Hayes. George E. Simes, 1870, Sullivan H. Atkins. Lnther Hayes. 1877. Luther Hayes. William F. Cutis. 1878. William F. Cutis. Luther H. Roberts, 1879-80. Ira Miller. 1881-82. Asa A. Fox. SELFCTMEN. William Palmer. John Fish. John Remick, Jr. Ezekiel Hayes. Jotham Nute. Ebenezer Twombly, Levi Jones. S.imuel S. Wentworth. William Tultle. Isaac Marston. Beard Plumer. Iclialjod Hayes. James Roberts, Josiah Witham. Neadon 0. Lyman. Isaac Scales. Josepli Walker. William S. Nutter. Hapley lleaerve, Hanson Hayes. Joseph Plumer. IchaUod II. Wentworth. James Hayes, Jr. Tlionias Chdpman. Stephen Diew. William B. Wiggin. James M. Tnombly. Julin Nutler, Charles Swasey. Jolin II. Varney. James Beriy. Israel Nute. Josepli Cook, James Y, Pinkham, Ephraim Hayes. Reuben J, Witham. Enoch Banfield. Asa Fox. David Wallingford. John C, Varne.v, Daniel P. Warren, Asa Jewett, Joseph Mathes. Charles C. Hayes. Asa M. Durrell. Ichabod Hayes. Eli Wentworth. John S. Hersey. Josiah N. Witham. Lewis Plumer, Joseph Sayward. Joseph C. Wentworth. David Wallingford, Jr. Simeon S. Wakeliam. Jolin F Hart. Charles H. Goodwin. Josepli Plumer, Moses H. Shepleigh. George Lyman. Thomas H. Roberts. Daniel B. Goodwin. John U, Simes. Ebenezer Wentworth. Charles Jones. Elbridge W. Fox. Charles Hayes. Henry B. Scales. John Lucas. George H. Plumer. Asa A. Fox. Martin V. B. Cook. William H. H. Pinkham. John D. Lyman, a native of Milton, has held the offices of Secretary of State, senator, and bank com- missioner. Charles Jones has served as a member of the Coun- cil, Eli Wentworth in the Senate. Luther Hayes has been county commissioner, sheriff, senator, and fish commissioner, John S. Hersey and George Lyman have eacli held the office of county commissioner. Traditions. — The red man's power had been broken, and remnants of the scattered tribes driven into the northern wilderness before this town had a perma- nent settlement; the inhabitants, therefore, were never troubled with Indian depredations. There is a tradition, however, that some time before a settlement was made here a small party of hunters were en- camped near where the upper end of Three Ponds village now is, and that while tending their traps in the vicinity of the Northeast Pond they one day dis- covered unmistakable signs of the presence of In- dians. This discovery put them upon the alert, and a watch was set for their stealthy foes. Very soon two of the red rascals were seen prowling about the camp with evident hostile intent, but believing their presence unsuspected they failed to use their usual caution, and before they had a chance to carry out their nefarious purpose two well-directed leaden mes- sengerssunimoned them to the happy hunting-grounds. Their bodies were buried upon the bank of the river, and the hunters were molested no more. But although the Indian trail was no more seen in the forest, or his moccasin-track upon the sand, and the blooming maiden could meet her bashful lover upon the mountain-side or by the rippling stream without fear of molestation, yet these early settlers were not entirely free from the trials incident to forest life. Bears were for a time somewhat plenty and trouble- some, often feasting upon the succulent corn, and oc- casionally upon a tender lamb, pig, or calf. Not a few amusing stories have been told of them. Mrs. David Wallingford used laughingly to tell of a fright she once received from one of these prowlers. She was berrying some distance from her home, and being anxious to fill her basket and retui-n home in good season for her afternoon duties, she had briskly plied her fingers without taking any note of her sur- roundings. After stripping the shadowy side of a fine bunch of bushes of their delicious treasures she stepped softly around to the other side, and there in the bright sunshine lay Bruin quietly taking his after- dinner siesta, having evidently gorged himself with the luscious fruit. Mrs. Wallingford did not long watch his plumber, but sped carefully but swiftly homeward, being anxious only to place as great a distance between herself and the sleeping beast as possible in the shortest space of time. A somewhat amusing story used to be related by a lady, who was one of Milton's early settPers, in which her husband was mistaken for a bear, and somewhat disturbed the equilibrium of a young man "who would a-wooing go." It appears that the husband of this lady was i very industrious man, as indeed most of the early settlers were, and was always up betimes in the morning and busy with his daily labors. 643 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. The young man alluded to had been visiting his lady love in the neighborhood one evening, and no doubt the happy hours had fled much more rapidly than he anticipated, so that the industrious husband- man had already left his bed and was busy in his cornfield before the young lover had mounted his good horse for his homeward ride in the morning gloaming. As he approached the farmer's cornfield, his mind filled with sweet reflections, his quick ear detects a rustling sound. He eagerly listens for a moment, and rising in his stirrups, discovers some moving ob- ject among the waving corn. Only one idea strikes him, and that is a bear idea. Yes, truly, it must be a bear feasting upon the farmer's July corn. He hastily concludes that his courting may really end in a catch ; he will wake the farmer, and together they will secure the bear. Thus thinking he carefully wends his way to the farm-house door, and gently. taps for fear he may frighten the bear away, and is somewhat surprised that his knock is immediately answered by the thrifty housewife, who is already up and busy with her household duties. But he says, " Madam, there is a bear or something in your cornfield, and I called to get your husband to help me capture it." The lady, at once taking in the situation, pleasantly replied, " Oh, that animal is already captured ; that is my husband." At this answer the young man blushingly retired, and no doubt before he again called for help to hunt bears he was careful to note the time. It is told that Caleb Wakeham once had quite an adventure with Bruin. Knowing how fond he was of tender, juicy pork, friend Wakeham had built a high log fence about his pig-pen that he considered bear- proof. Notwithstanding this precaution he, one night, heard a terrible outcry, which he at once con- cluded was caused by some sudden and unwarrantable intrusion upon the privacy and quiet rest of his por- cine friends. He waited not for a second call, for indeed the alarm was a continuous cry for help, but at once arose and hied to the rescue. He found mat- ters somewhat mixed and quite serious. Bruin had selected his supper, and was trying to get away with it, but he found it much more difficult to get out with the pig than to get in without it Mr. Wakeham as- sailed the intruder with clubs and stones, these being the only weapons at hand. But although it was two to one, tlie bear was the victor, not only saving his own life but winning a good supper. Schools, Etc.— But very little can be learned in re- lation to the schools prior to the incorporation of the town. It appears, however, that at that time the ter- ritory was divided into eight school districts. Whether or not there were school-houses at that time, or when houses were built, the writer has not been able to determine. That all the districts were not supplied with houses is evident from the fact that rent wa? paid in several instances, as shown by the records. On the 1st day of December, 1806, the town was redisti-icted, and the number of districts was reduced to five, and remained without any material change until Nov. 3, 1828, when a redistricting was had and the town divided into ten districts. Subsequently two other districts Were created, and in 1851 a com- mittee, consisting of Charles C. Hayes, John D. Ly- man, and Joseph Pearl, was chosen to define the limits of the several districts. This committee made their report at the annual March meeting, 1852, constituting twelve districts and defining their limits. This report was accepted. But the spirit of change was still manifest, and very soon territory was taken from districts Nos. 2 and 4, and district No. 13 was constituted. Since that time this district and No. 5 have been discontinued, and their territory and inhabitants united with other districts, so that at this time there are only eleven districts, and this is probably three or five more than ought to be in town. The school-houses are generally in very good con- dition, and well adapted to the purposes for which they are designed, those at Three Ponds and Milton Mills being arranged for two schools, the schools in these districts being graded. There is also a classical institute at Three Ponds, where the higher branches are taught a portion of the time. Although this town has not appropriated money for the support of schools as liberally perhaps as many other towns, the schools have held a very respectable rank among those of other towns in the county and State. The amount of yearly appropriations for school purposes have increased from one hundred and thirty dollars and twenty cents in 1802 to very nearly fifteen hundred dollars at the present time. A few of the votes taken in town touching school matters may be of interest in this connection : March 14, 1803, voted to leave the amount of school money to be raised to the selectmen. Nov. 5, 1804, voted to sell the timber on the school lot; and in accordance with this vote said timber was sold at public auction on the 13th day of the same month for the sum of 81212.25. There is no record showing that this money was ever appropriated to school purposes. March 12, 1805, "Voted to learn the amount of school money to be raised discretionary with the selectmen." March 11, 1806, "Voted to raise half as much more money as the law requires for support of schools." But at a subsequent meeting, held in May following, "Voted to leave this matter to the selectmen." March 10, 1807, " Voted to raise, in addition to what the law requires, half as much more money for the support of schools." March 13, 1810, " Voted to lay out the interest due the town in schooling.'' March 12, 1811, " Voted to add 8100 to what the law requires of schooling." MILTON. 649 March 10, 1812, " Voted to add all the interest on notes due the town to what the law requires for the support of schools for the ensuing year." March 14, 1815, a committee of five was chosen to separate the school property from other town property, and at the next annual meeting this committee re- ported $388 school property and $628 parish prop- erty. It appears that this report was not satisfactory, for on March 10, 1818, the town chose another commit- tee for the same purpose. This committee reported at the next annual meet- ing that they were unable to ascertain the exact amount, but in their opinion $1000 should be appro- priated for the support of the gospel, and $500, to- gether with the school lot, which they considered worth $500 more, for the support of schools. March 11, 1817, a committee of three was chosen to visit and inspect the schools. This was the first superintending school committee in town. March 14, 1826, " Voted that the selectmen be au- thorized to dispose of the school lot as they think most conducive to the interests of the town." This lot was subsequently sold for $206, but the records do not show that it was appropriated for schools. March 10, 1829, " Voted that the principal of the literary fund be funded with the town, and that the town raise the interest annually for the benefit of schools." March 14, 1837, " Voted that all literary money over and above $500 be expended the present year, and all that may be hereafter received be expended the same year it is received." March 13, 1838, " Voted that the interest of the surplus revenue now accrued be expended for support of schools." July 28, 1842, "Voted that the selectmen dispose of the notes in the hands of Levi Jones, and appro- priate the same towards the extinguishment of the debt due from the town to the several school districts by paying over to each district its proportion the present year." It appears that in accordance with this vote S186.46 was paid to the several districts. March 13, 1877, " Voted that the railroad money received from the State be appropriated for schools." March 9, 1880, " Voted that the surplus dog tax be applied to the support of schools." Relig'ious Matters. — Comparatively little can be learned in regard to the religious ideas and feelings of the early settlers in Milton prior to the formation of the first church. It is, however, apparent that they recognized their dependence upon a supreme governing power, and the duty incumbent upon them as rational and intelligent beings of rendering homage to that Supreme Ruler and Governor, and of inform- ing themselves in regard to His attributes, and of His requirements for love and worship at their hands. With these ideas they contributed freely and cheer- fully of their income for the support of the gospel, at first by paying the legally assessed parish taxes, and later by free contributions. They do not appear to have had regular preaching before the church or- ganization. Immediately, however, upon the com- pletion of the meeting-house an effort was made to settle a Wiinister in town, as will appear by the fol- lowing record of the first meeting in the new house, held Aug. 27, 1804 : " Voted to choose a committee to treat with the Rev. Mr. Nayson and see on what terms he will agree to settle in town." At a subsequent meeting, held on the 5th day of November following, this committee reported as follows : " Mll.TOM, Nov. 5, 1804. "Gentlemen,— We have, according to your desire, tjilltod with Mr. Nayson. and we find that if the town are agreed to give liim tlie use of a decent parsonage during liis ministry and three linndred dollars yearly, that ho would settle with us upon them conditions. . . . " Richard Walker. "Benjamin Scates." The to\fa voted to accept this report. Mr. Nayson, however, probably did not settle in town. The town accounts show the following sums to have been paid for preaching from the treasury of the town, viz. . Prior to 1805 : Reuben Nayson for preaching ^82.00 Mr. Brown for preaching 4.0U Mr. Bunt for preaching 24.00 Mr. Pillsbury for preaching 55.00 Capt. Phinier for Uniirdiiig ministers :i;i.(IO 1806, Christopher Page fin- preaching 84.00 " Keulien Nayson for preaching 34.11 " Capt. Plumer for boarding ministers 2fi 00 180G, John Dorranoe for preaching 54.00 1807, " " " " 21.00 " Daniel Hayes boarding Dorrance 20.00 1808, Mr. Presron for preaching .■ 5.00 1809, Mr. Papkin for preaching 30.00 1X1(1, Asa Piper for preaching 30 00 1811, ' " 2 60 " Mr. Coding for preaching 5.00 181'J, Asa Piper for preaching 23.00 " Mr. Thustin for preaching 3.M0 1813 Asa Piper for preaching 4..50 " Israel Briggs (1807) for preaching 33.00 Various votes have been passed at different times relative to raising and appropriating parish or minis- terial money. March 14, 1803, " Voted that each poll pay twenty- five cents for preaching, and other ratable estate in proportion." March 12, 1805, "Voted to raise fifty cents on a poll, and other ratable property in proportion, for sup- port of the ministry." "Voted to tax all denominations alike, with the privilege of directing what teacher may have their money." March 9, 1813, " Voted not to raise any money for the support of the ministry." May 3, 1813, " Chose a committee to ascertain what property there is in Milton, which was given by the proprietors of Rochester to procure preaching of the gospel in said town." It does not appear that this committee ever made a report. But a committee choseu March 10, 1818, to ascertain the amount of all the parish and school property then belonging to the town did report March 9, 1819, "That they cannot ascertain the exact 650 HISTORY OF STE AFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. amount, but in their opinion $1000 should be ap- propriated for the support of the gospel." April 8, 1820, "Voted to lay out sixty dollars and the interest of the $1000 called parsonage property for the support of the gospel, and that the same be divided between each society in the town petitioning for the same." March 8, 1831, " Chose a committee of three to as- sist the selectmen in making a fair and impartial division of all the notes belonging to the town ; and voted that notes amounting to $1000, as be by them separated from all other town property, and kept sep- arated as a special fund belonging to the town, as parish property, and' that the same shall be managed as a fund entirely separate from all other notes." It does not appear that this committee ever took any action in the matter; at any rate the record does not show that any separation of the notes alluded to was h.ad. At this time the town held notes against individuals amounting to $1744.78, a lar^ propor- tion of which were entirely worthless. These notes were carried forward from year to year until 1844, wlien the selectmen, in accordance with a vote of the town, selected those considered worth- less, amounting to $635.98, and placed them in the town chest, where they doubtless now remain. What proportion of those worthless notes repre- sented parish property has not yet been determined. No further action was taken in the matter until March 13, 1860, when it was " voted to divide the ministerial money equally between the live established societies." March 10, 1863, " Voted to divide the ministerial money equally among the several religious societies in town wiio shall hold meetings regularly four months in the year previous to the first day of Janu- ary." These two latest votes would seem to indicate that it was the intention of the town to divide whatever money there might be that the societies could have any claim upon, and thus end the whole matter, but it does not appear that this was carried into effect, or that any effort was made to determine what, if any, amount they were equitably entitled to. March 9, 1880, "Voted that the interest of the min- isterial fund be divided equally among the several so- cieties in town that support preaching four months in a year prior to January first." The First Congregational Church in the town was organized on the 8th day of September, 1815, and consisted of nine members, viz. : Barnabas Palmer, Hatevel Nutter, Benjamin Scates, Abigail Scates, Deborah Wentworth, Mary Chamberlain, Achsah Palmer, Mrs. Nutter, and Elizabeth Roberts. Benjamin Scates was the first clerk and deacon, and Eev. Curtis Coe the first pastor. The church re- mained under his care, and that of the Rev. Dyer Burge until 1 819, when Rev. James Walker was called, and continued in charge until his death in September, 1826. From this time until December, 1882, the church had no settled minister, but was supplied by Rev. Clement Parker, E. S. Anderson, and others, whose names do not appear upon the church records. Rev. Benjamin G. Willey was then settled, and re- mained in charge until 1846. He was succeeded by Revs. Edward F. Abbott, August, 1846, to May, 1848 ; James Doldt, May, 1848, to January, 1870; Frank Haley, February, 1870, to April, 1874; John N. Lowell, August, 1874, to August, 1875; Samuel W. Clarke, April, 1876, to April, 1877 ; John N. Lewett, 1877 to 1880; George Sterling, October, 1881, to the present time. This church originally so small, and in a location sparsely settled, has made an almost un- precedented addition to its membership of two hun- dred and thirty-six, making a total of two hundred and forty-seven ; of which number ninety-two are supposed to be now living ; sixty-nine being now ac- tive members. Sally Jones and Deacon E. W. Plumer are the elder active members, having united with the church in 1836, and held a continued membership up to this time. Ebenezer Osgood became a member in 1832, but asked and obtained a dismissal a few years ago for the purpose of uniting with the Second or Union Church. This chut-ch worshiped in the old meeting-house until 1835, when the liouse was built at Three Ponds, which has since been transformed into a " Classical Institute." After this time for several years the meetings were held alternately at the Three Ponds and Milton Mills. The present meeting-house of this church was built in 1860, and is a spacious and elegant edifice. The present church officers are George Sterling, pastor; E. W. Plumer, S. G. Chamberlain, deacons; Robert Mathes, clerk ; Joseph Plumer, Jr., treasurer. The "First Christian Church" was organized March 3, 1827, with ten members, as follows, viz. : Hapley Meserve, Joseph Goodwin, Anna Goodwin, Joanna Meserve, Eliza Rines, Abigail Burnham, Ruth Burnham, Mary Burnham, Dorcas Ricker, Mary Howe. The first deacons were Hapley Meserve and Samuel Ricker, and the first clerk was Hapley Meserve. The pastors have been Simeon Swett, John Davis, John T. G. Colby, Samuel S. White, Jotham S. Johnson, and A. G. Comings. The deacons have been H. Meserve, Samuel Ricker, Joseph Goodwin, Jonathan Howe, Joseph H. Nutt, James H. Twombly, and John C. Varney, and the clerks, Hapley Meserve, Daniel B. Goodwin, and Martin V. B. Cook. Two hundred and one members have been added to this church, and sixty-eight have died. Their house of worship, known as Union Chapel, was dedicated Sept. 22, 1841. Baptist Church.— Prior to 1834 a church existed, known as the Acton and Milton Baptist Church. This church had a large membership in Milton. On the 28th day of October, in said year, fifty-two mem- MILTON. 651 bers were dismissed from said church, and the 30th day of the same October they organized themselves into a new charch, called the Baptist Cliurch of Mil- ton. The membership was as follows : Charles Swasey, Sarah Swasey, John Shackford, Elizabeth Hart, Ann E. Hart, Hannah Nutter, Ruth Nutter, Samuel S. Hart, Daniel Jones, Nancy Witham, Ira Witham, Na- than Jones, Mehitable Witham, Eunice Swasey, Har- riet Fox, Widow Betsey Berry, Susan S. Nutter, Mary Ann Nutter, John Witham, Jr., William S. Nutter, Aaron H. Hadsdan, Nathaniel O. Hart, John Witham, Francis Berry, Josiah Witham, Susan Jones, Martha Witham, Fatima Wallingford, Lydia Jewett, Susan Archabald, Eliza G. Berry, James J. Jewett, Lydia , Witham, Nathan Dorc, Climena Witham, Alice Hus- sey, Mary Wentworth, Lydia Fall, Sarah Wentworth, Sally Merrow, Eliza Merrow, Mary Jones, Nancy Jewett, Asa Jewett, Betsey Berry, Mary Witham, Abigail Witham, Deborah Dore, Sarah Berry, Fran- cis Wallingford, Sarah Dore, Elizabeth Nutter. Wil- liam S. Nutter was chosen clerk, and Charles Swasey and John Witham, Jr., were chosen and ordained as deacons. Of these fifty-two members nine only are now living. This church worshiped in the Union meeting- house at Milton Mills, which was built in 1834. The church for several years was in a very prosperous con- dition, and received an addition of twenty-three mem- bers. Jan. 25, 1842, David Farnham was ordained a dea- con, and in May, 1855, Samuel S. Hart was also made a deacon. The pastors were Elders Emerson, Glover, Smith, Small, Chase, McGregory, Cox, Bobbins, Jay, Day- mond, Broadbent, Jones, and Hubbard, and perhaps some others. William S. Nutter held the clerkship from 1834 to 1837, Asa Jewett from 1837 to 1850, David Farnham from 1850 to 1852, Samuel S. Hart 1852 to June 6, 1867, at which date the record closes. A Free-Will Baptist Churoli was organized at the house of Theodore Lymari, on the 11th day of May, 1843, with seventeen members, viz. : Hazen Duntley, Daniel M. Quimby, Luther Hayes, William Fernald, James O. Reynolds, Drusilla Jewett, Betsey Lyman, Mary H. Downs, Mrs. D. Wedgwood, William B. Ly- man, Theodore Lyman, E. S. Edgerly, Dearborn Wedgwood, Phoebe Duntley, Sophia Quimby, Sally F. Downs, Mrs. A. Hubbard. Luther Hayes was chosen clerk, and Theodore Ly- man deacon. Eev. William H. Waldron was the first pastor, having charge of the church about one year, and was succeeded by Eev. Horace Stanton. Mr. Stanton's health failing he was soon obliged to resign the pastorate, and the Rev. Uriah Chase was called for a time. This church, having no meeting- house or suitable place for public worship, soon dis- continued Sabbath meetings, but kept up prayer and conference meetings until May 1, 1850, at which time the organization became extinct. There were ten members added to the church after its organization. Although for the lack of pecuniary ability to build a meeting-house and support the regular preaching of the gospel, this little church was obliged, for the time being, to give up its organization, many of its mem- bers continued to feel a lively interest in the cause, and in 1859 succeeded in building the present very neat and tasty meeting-house, which was dedicated on the 25th day of December of that year. On the 17th day of May, 1860, a new church was organized under the supervision of Revs. Daniel P. Cilley, Ezra Tuttle, and E. P. Gerrish, with twelve members, viz. : Ezra Tuttle, Samuel Jones, N. B. Varney, Eli G. Downs, Eleanor Hubbard, Martha A. Varney, Luther Hayes, Benjamin Scales, Fred. H. Tuttle, Mary H. Tuttle, Francis Jones, Mary A. Jones. Luther Hayes was chosen clerk, and has continued in that position to the present time. Samuel Jones was chosen deacon, and Rev. Ezra Tuttle was called to the pastorate, and remained in charge of the church nearly three years, resigning April 26, 1863. He was succeeded by Rev. J. M. Bedell, May, 1864, to M.ay 4, 1865 ; Rev. N. C. Lathrop, Dec. 3, 1865, to Dec. 2, 1867 ; Rev. I. C. Guptill, May 2, 1868, to April 3, 1869 ; Rev. Ezra Tuttle, April 10, 1870, to Jan. 6, 1872 ; Rev. J. P. Jay, Aug. 31, 1872, to June 6, 1874; Rev. E. G. York, Sept. 28, 1878, to April 5, 1879; Rev. C. L. Plumer, Aug. 12, 1879, to July 2, 1881. Rev. E. Owen, of Portsmouth, preached one-half the time from April 1, 1876, to Dec. 30, 1877, but was not settled over the church. His labors resulted in much good, sixteen members being added to the church during his term of service. This church has been highly blessed, one hundred and thirty-three having been added to its membership, making a total of one hundred and forty-five. N. B. Varney, Dr. Daniel E. Palmer, William J. Tibbetts, and Woodbury Wallingford have been chosen dea- cons since the organization. The Methodist Church at Milton Mills was or- ganized in June, 1869. The first officers were Asa A. Fox, clerk; John Brackett, treasurer; Harris Brown, sexton ; Alpheus Remick, collector. Stewards, A. B. Shaw, John Brackett, E. C. Abbott, S. F. Rines, W. Hapgood, J. N. Witham, B. S. Butler, H. L. Mitchell, A. A. Plumer; trustees, A. B. Shaw, B. S. Butler, J. B. Dow, J. Brackett, S. F. Rines, J. Lewis, J. N. Witham, G. E. Hart, W. Patten. The pastors have been Revs. Ira J. Tibbetts, James Crowley, W. H. McDaniels, A. B. Carter, J. M. Bean, W. 0. Bartlett, and J. P. Frye. The present membership is sixty-four, two members only have died since the organization. This church has a very neat and tasty house of worship, pleasantly located near the Union House. It was erected in 1871. The Tlnion Congregational Church at Milton Mills was organized on the 26th day of September, 1871, with a membership of sixteen, viz.: Benjamin 652 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. G. Adams, Sophia Adams, Dr. Reuben Buck, Mary Buck, Mary E. Brown, Margaret M. Brierly, Sarah E. Fox, Josiah W. Gerrish, William McGibbon, Mary McGibbon, Betsey Hubbard, Helen Miller, Ebenezer Osgood, Ellen C. Osgood, Almira B. Osgood, Ann E. Simes. The first deacons were Benjamin G. Adams and Ebenezer Osgood, and William McGibbon the first clerk. There has been thirty-nine members added to this church since its organization, making a total membership of fifty-five. The church has lost twelve members by death. The pastors have been Revs. Almond T. Clarke, D. B. Scott, George Meichael, and C. F. Goldsmith. George E. Simes and Elbridge W. Fox are the present deacons, and E. W. Fox clerk. This church worships in the Union meeting-house, built in 1834. The Acton and Milton Free-Will Baptist Church was first formed several years prior to 1800 with some thirty members. There are no records giving the names of the members, but they doubtless came from both towns and perhaps in nearly equal numbers. This church passed through the varied experiences incident to country churches in that early time until it became nearly or quite extinct. On the 10th day of January, 1811, a reorganization was had with a membership of twenty-six, as follows : Bartholomew Miller, Asa Merrill, and David Spring, deacons; Solomon Hutchens, Henry Miller, William Applebee, Thomas Applebee, Joseph Rines, John Miller, Samuel Merrow, Simon Roberts, H. Merrill, Hannah Goodwin, Polly Durrell, Mary Miller, Su- sanna Miller, Anna Thompson, Daniel Goodwin, Fanny Goodwin, Susanna Goodwin, Betsey Farnham, Abigail Farnham, Judith Applebee, Deborah Went- worth, Hannah Tibbetts, Betsey Miller. Asa Merrill was acting clerk, and Humphrey Goodwin pastor. The church has a present membership of sixty- seven ; twenty-one living in Milton. The officers are Oliver 0. Titcomb and Horace N. Farnham, dea- cons ; Hiram B. Manson, pastor ; Jacob Brackett, clerk. A few years ago this church moved their house of worship into the village upon Acton side of the river, and fitted it up in a very neat and tasty manner. Temperance.— The necessity for taking measures for the suppression of vice and intemperance engaged the attention "of the people of Milton quite early. As soon as Sept. 25, 1815, a resolution was passed for the suppression of vice and the encouragement of virtue. This was followed by the election of a committee on the 8th day of March, 1831, to enforce the laws respecting the retailing of ardent spirits. Again, on March 14, 1848, the town voted 72 to 7 in favor of enacting a law prohibiting the sale of wines and other spirituous liquors; and on the 5th day of November, 1878, voted to enforce the laws relating to the sale of cider and beer. Not only the town in its corporate capacity has felt the necessity of using its influence and power in favor of temperance and virtue, but the inhabitants, iu their private capacity as individuals and Christians, have seen the necessity of crushing the great evil and sin of intemperance and promoting the practice of ab- stinence and virtue among the people. Their efforts in this direction have been productive of great good. Many dealers in alcoholic poison have been made to see that the traffic was both unpopular and unprofit- able, and have abandoned it for some more legitimate business. Moderate drinkers have seen their danger, and many have been led to abandon the use of intoxicat- ing drinks of all kinds. Secret Societies. — About 1848-49, Teneriffe Divi- sion, No. 40, Sons of Temperance, was instituted at Three Ponds, and for a time was iu a very prosperous condition, adding largely to its membership ; but after a few years the interest in the institution began to abate, and the meetings were discontinued. Miltonia Lodge, No. 52, I. 0. 0. F., was instituted at Milton Mills on the 5th of October, 1871, with Asa A. Fox, Oscar F. Mar.sh, William Walsh, John Meikle, Thomas J. Cutts, Oliver C. Titcomb, and John F. Titcomb as charter members. All except Mr. Walsh are still active members of the lodge. The first officers were Asa A. Fox, N. G. ; Oscar F. Marsh, V. G. ; John F. Titcomb, Treas. ; O. C. Titcomb, Sec. This lodge has been very prosperous, one hundred and thirty-eight members having been added since its in- stitution, with very little sickness and few deaths. Tlie lodge lost nearly all its property by fire about seven years ago, but it now has a well-furnished hall, fine regalia, and a fund of some thirteen hundred dollars invested in good securities. The officers for the term ending Dec. 31, 1882, are Alexander Meikle, N. G. ; Ed. R. Campbell, V. G. ; Oscar F. Marsh, Treas. ; John Lewis, Sec. Morning Star Lodge, No. 18, Knights of Pythias, was instituted at Milton Mills Jan. 18, 1877, with sixteen charter members, viz. : Asa A. Fox, Benjamin G. Adams, William McGibbon, E. B. Warren, F. H. Lowd, S. H. Atkins, F. E. Stevens, S. Flint, F. H. Adams, J. O. Emerson, C. F. Haines, W. F. Limond, E. C. Abbott, A. B. Carter, L. B. Roberts, J. F. Tit- comb. The following members were installed : Asa A. Fox, C. C. ; B. G. Adams, P. C. ; William McGibbon, V. 0. ; F. H. Lowd, K. of R. and S. ; F. H. Adams, M. of F.; E. B. Warren, M. of E. ; A. B. Carter, Prelate; F. E. Stevens, M. at A. ; S. H. Atkins, I. G.; S. Flint, O. G. Fifty-one members have been added to the lodge, and none have died. All the lodge's paraphernalia has been paid for, and the lodge has quite a fund safely invested for future requirements. The present officers are William Vennell, C. C. ; T. Farmer, P. C. ; W. S. Pillsbury, V. C. ; E. T. Libby, K. of R. and S.; MILTON. 653 John Lewis, M. of F. ; T. Conley, Jr., M. of E. ; J. N. Witham, Prelate; C. Remick, I. G. ; J. E. Brierly, 0. G. Alms Farm, etc. — On the 14th day of March, 1837, the town voted to receive its proportion of the surplus revenue, and at a meeting held June 4, 1838, a vote was passed authorizing the town agent to ex- pend that money in the purchase of a farm to be used for a home and the support of the ,poor. Although there was a large majority in favor of this action, the minority felt very much aggrieved thereat, being of the opinion that this money should be di- vided per capita. These malcontents immediately took measures in- tended to frustrate the action of the majority. They at once asked for a meeting to be called to reconsider the vote for the purchase of a farm, and being again defeated at this meeting, and the farm being soon purchased, they at once petitioned for a meeting to sell the farm and divide the money. They were again defeated, "but with a persistency worthy of a better cause they continued to ask for meetings for the same purpose as often as they could legally be called, until at last the selectmen refused to notice them further. They then applied to a justice of the peace to call a meeting, and on the 31st day of May, 1842, a meeting was held at which a vote was passed to sell the farm and stock, and divide the proceeds equally between all the inhabitants of the town, and a committee chosen to carry this vote into effect. This committee at once advertised the farm and stock to be sold at public auction on the 4th day of July following, at which time all was struck off to the highest bidders. At a meeting held on the 28th of the same month a resolution was passed declaring the former meeting and the action of the committee illegal and void, and instructing the selectmen to demand of said com- mittee all the property, both real and personal, taken into their possession. In accordance with these instructions, the selectmen commenced a suit against the committee for the re- covery of said property. This suit was prosecuted to final judgment and execution. The farm continued to be used as an alms farm until a county home was prepared for the poor, since which time it has been allowed, in a great measure, to run to waste for lack of proper care and cultivation. Milb, Manufactories, etc.— The first saw-mill was built by Samuel Palmer at the Three Ponds village, and near where the present dam is located. This was very early, probably about 1775 to 1780. Mr. Palmer subsequently built another saw-mill and a grist-mill farther down stream, where the Varney mill was after- wards located. This part of the town was known for many years as " Palmer's Mills." Very soon after this a saw-mill was built at Milton Mills by a Mr. Nock. This mill soon went into the hands of Paul Jewett, and was subsequently known as the Jewett mill. This place was known for a long time as Shapleigh Mills. Mills rapidly increased, so that in 1813 there were no less than twelve mills of various kinds in town, viz. : Lyman's saw- and grist-mills, owned by Theodore 0. Lyman and others, Thomas Lay ton's wool-carding mill, Ira Fish's fulling-mill, Isaac Wooster'a grist- mill, owned by Isaac Wooster and others, Paul Jewett's saw- and grist-mills, Nathaniel Jewett's saw-mill, owned by Nathaniel Jewett and others, Stephen Watson's saw-mill, owned by Stephen Watson and others, the lower saw-mill, with various owners, Horn's saw- and grist-mills, owned by Benjamin Horn. The last-named mills were situated at the upper end of the town, on a narrow point of land which has since been annexed to Wakefield. This number was soon increased by the erection of Berry's mill, Hayes' mill, and others. Thomas Layton's factory was erected in 1816, and was used as a woolen- mill until 1837, after which Francis Looney used it for the manufacture of cotton for fourteen years. It was subsequently burned. The Milton Mills Manufacturing Company was or- ganized in 1837, and in that and the following year built their mill, and after running it a few years trans- ferred the business to Durgin & Co. In 1845-40 the whole property was bought by John Townsend, and was run successfully by him for several years. The mill was burned, and rebuilt by Mr. Townsend, being considerably enlarged. It was soon after sold to Mudge, Sawyer & Co., and subsequently to the Waum- beck Company, and has continued to do a very suc- cessful business. This company has a capital stock of $100,000, and the mill has ten sets of woolen ma- chinery. They employ 175 operatives, with a monthly pay-roll of $3200. They use about 240,000 pounds of wool and 160,000 pounds of cotton, 725 cords of wood and 500 tons of coal annually, and produce 396,000 yards of cloth and 27,550 pairs of blankets. The ofii- cers are J. D. Sturtevant, president, Brookline, Mass. ; Francis Cabot, treasurer, Brookline, Mass.; B. G. Adams, agent, Milton Mills, N. H. ; F. H. Lowd, paymaster, Milton Mills, N. H. In 1844 a cotton factory was built at Three Ponds, and after running a few months was burned in Sep- tember, 1845, the watchman, Mr. Caleb Varney, per- ishing in the flames. This mill was soon rebuilt, but was never put in operation, it being subsequently taken down and carried away. William Sargent succeeded Ira Fish in the fulling- mill business in 1820, and carried on the business until 1825, when he was succeeded by John H. Varney, who, after some twenty-two years of successful busi- ness, sold out to Joshua Holland in 1847. Mr. Holland' went into the manufacture of woolen goods, which business he carried on with success for some ten or twelve years. The mill was subse- quently burned. Edward Brierly established a block printing busi- ness at Milton Mills in 1850, and after a few years of 654 HISTORY OF STRAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. successful business purchased a saw-mill and priv- ilege on the site of the present Brierly mill, where he soon began the manufacture of felt goods. The rapid increase of his business soon compelled him to make extensive additions, and in a short time he had extensive mills upon both sides of the river, doing a very remunerative business. In the summer of 1873 these mills were entirely destroyed by fire, thus sweeping away in an hour the accumulations of years of hard labor. Mr. Brierly soon began the erection of the present mill, but los- ing largely by the insolvency of insurance companies, he became somewhat embarrassed, and was obliged to compromise with his creditors. His health soon after failing, he was unable to recover his former po- sition, and at his death the propetty went into other hands, and has never since been operated to its. full capacity. In 1873, Henry H. Townsend & Co. erected a mill at this village for the manufacture of felt goods, and still continue the business successfully. They have employed upon an average about twenty or twenty-five men, with a pay-roll of eight hundred dollars per month, their yearly sales amounting to one hundred and fifty to one hundred and seventy- five thousand dollars. In 1880 they erected a new and much larger mill, in which they are about to commence the manufac- ture of thread goods. This mill has a capacity of six sets of machinery, and will add very materially to the business of the village when in full operation. In 1880 the Great Falls Manufacturing Company built a large mill at the Thi-ee Ponds, which will add largely to the business of the town when it is put in operation. There was at one time quite an extensive shoe manufacturing business carried on in this town. John E. Goodwin & Co., at West Milton, employing some twenty-five or thirty hands in the shop cutting and putting up stock, the fitting and buttoning being entirely done outside. Their pay-roll amounted to some three thousand dollars per month. H. V. & Eli Wentworth also carried on a large business at South Milton for several years. Fire destroyed their shop and closed up the business a few years ago, as it has done so many other manufactur- ing interests in town. D. & S. Washburn, L. Berry, and J. Layward have each at times done quite an extensive manufac- turing business at Three Ponds, the latter being burned out in the conflagration of March 17, 1864, which destroyed the extensive establishment of Kob- ert Mathes, J. W. Nutter's dwelling-house, etc., en- '• tailing a loss of many thousand dollars. G. W. I Tasker is now doing quite a thriving manufacturing business at this village. Murray Brothers some half-dozen years ago com- menced the manufacture of tin goods at Milton Mills and have done a prosperous business. Lewis Pluraer & Son are still doing an extensive lumber business at the Hayes mill, and Luther & C. H. Hayes are doing a large milling, lumber, and box business at their mills at South Milton, on or near the site of the T. C. Lyman mills. Other mills have been built in town of more or less note. Eben Jones built a saw- and grist-mill at what is known as the " Old Flume" as early as 1784r-85. Three mills were swept away by the great i'reshet of 1785-86, and very soon after a grist-mill was built upon the Twombly Brook. This mill was not a suc- cess, as the brook did not afford sufficient water for grinding, and the mill was either removed or another built upon " Great Brook,'' not far away. In 1863, George W. Wentworth built a large and expensive mill on the Middleton Kiver, at the foot of Teneriffe Mountain. Mr. Wentworth also erected some half-dozen houi^es for the accommodation of his operatives, but owing to the persistent opposition of the town he was unable to get a public road to his mills, and was obliged to abandon the enterprise. The mill and houses v;ere subsequently taken down and carried away, and what at one time bid fair to become a busy manufacturing village is now a barren waste. Military Record. — Milton is deservedly proud of its military record, which will compare favorably with that of any other town in the county, and perhaps in the State. The enlistments for the war of 1812, as nearly as can be ascertained, were as follows, viz. : Capt William C'ouraon, Sept. 11, 1814. Lient. Jeremy Nute, Si')it. II, 18H. Sergt. Jolin Meserun, Sept. 11, 18U. Sergt. Jacob Nute, Sept. 11, 1814. Sergt. David M. Courson, Sel.t. 11, 1814. Corp. Thoma-s Wentwortlj, Sept. II, 1814. Musician Benjamin Dare, Sept. II, 1814. Mnaician Lewis Hayes, Sept. 11, 1814. ates. John D. Eemlcic, Sept. II, 1814. I Norton Scales, Sept. 11, 1814. James Hayes, Sept. U, 1814. Dodivali Dow, Sept. 11, 1814. Hicliard Plnmer, Sept. 11, 1814. Ambrose Tutter, Sept. 11, 1814. Nathaniel Pruklierii, Jr., Sept. II, 1814. Isa^ic Hayes, Sept. 11, 1814. Aaron Twoml.Iy, Sept. 11, 1814. John Mills, Sept. 11, 1814. i William Drew, Sept. 11, 1814. James Marrow, Jr., Sept. 11, 1814. Phineas Wentworth, Sept. 12,1814. B.ird Plumer, Sept. 20, 1814. Andrew Dow, Sept. 29, 1814. Dodirah Plumer, Sept. 29, 1814. John Boice, Oct 1, 1814. Sergt. Pelatiah Hanscome, May 24, 1814. Corp. Joshna Jones, Maj-, 24, 1814. Charles Eicker, May 24, 1814. Lieut. Hanson Hayes, date not known. Ephraim Wentworth, Sept. 1 1, 1814. Thomas Backer, Sept. 11, 1814. Samuel Nnic, Sept. 11, 1814. Daniel Wentworth, Sept. 11, 1814. John C. Tarney, hept. 11, l!5l4. Ichabod Dodge,Si-pt. II, 1814. James Bragdon, Sept. 11, lfel4. Ezekiel Nute, Sept. 11, 1814. George Dow, Sept. 11, 1814. Daniel Hayes, Jr., Sept. 11, 1814. James Twomhly, Sept. 11, 1814. Henry Slillor, Sept. 11, 1814. James Goodwin, Sept. II, 1814. William Downs, Sept. 11, 1814. John Foss, Sept. 11, 1814. Ha|iley Varney, Sept. 11, 1814. Thomas Clnipman, Sept. 11, 1814. Amos Gerrish, Sept. 11, 1814. Webster Miller, Sept. 14, 1814. James Varney, Jr., Sept. 14, 1814. Ebenezer Adams, Sept. 14, 1814. John I. Varney, Sept. 11, 1814. William Gerrish, Sept. 11, 1814. William Foss, Sept. 11, 1814. William Burroughs, Sept. 11, 1814 War of the Rebellion.— From the time the first rebel gun was fired upon Sumter, to the surrender of MILTON. 655 Lee at Appomattox Court-House, the people of this town were alive to the necessity of promptly furnish- ing the government with the sinews of war, in order to preserve the Union and save the life of the Republic. Party spirit was for the time laid aside, and the fol- lowing votes were almost unanimously passed at town- meetings called for that purpose. May 16, 1861, "Voted to raise on notes of the town one thousand dollars for procuring such articles as may be needed for the personal safety and comfort of those who may enlist as volunteers from Milton, and for the support of their families while absent." Dec. 21, 1861, " Voted to raise on notes of the town fifteen hundred dollars in addition to the one thou- sand for the same purpose." March 11, 1862, " Voted to hire four thousand dol- lars to be applied to the aid of the families of volun- teers.'' Aug. 11, 1862, "Voted to authorize the selectmen to pay a bounty of two hundred dollars to all resi- dent volunteers on or before August, 15th inst." "Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire two thousand dollars for that purpose." March 10, 1863, " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire five thousand dollars to aid families of volun- teers now in service of the United States." July 11, 1863, "Voted to pay each man who may be drafted from the town into the service of the United States three hundred dollars." " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire on notes of the town such a sum as may be necessary for that purpose." Sept. 7, 1863, " Voted to authorize the selectmen to pay each drafted man the sum of three hundred dol- lars within ten days after he, or his substitute, shall have been mustered into the U. S. service." " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire six thou- sand dollars for that purpose." "Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire one thou- sand dollars to aid the families of drafted men." Dec. 5, 1863, "Voted to authorize the selectmen to procure volunteers to fill the quota of the town, pay- ing each man a bounty of five hundred dollars." " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire eleven thousand dollars for that purpose." Dec. 8, 1863, " Voted to authorize the selectmen to procure volunteers to fill said quota, and to pay such sums in addition to the five hundred dollars as may be necessary." "Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire four thousand dollars for that purpose." March 8, 1864, " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire five thousand dollars to aid families of soldiers in the U. S. service." •July 18, 1864, " Voted to fill the quota of this town for the next call of the President for soldiers, and pay a sum agreeably to an act passed June session, 1864." " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire ten thou- sand dollars for that purpose." Ang. 6, 1864, "Voted to pay each man who*may enlist under the call of July 18, 1864, who has been a resident of this town three months next preceding said enlistment, the sum of two hundred dollars for twelve-months' men, two hundred and fifty dollars for two-years' men, and three hundred dollars for three- years' men, in addition to the bounties already voted." " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire twelve thousand dollars for that purpose.'' Dec. 7, 1864, " Voted to pay a bounty to volunteers or persons furnishing substitutes, counting on the quota of Milton in anticipation of a future call for men.'' " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire twelve thousand dollars to pay said bounties.'' March 14, 1865, " Voted to pay a bounty of two hundred dollars each tp men who may bo drafted from this town." " Voted to pay each re-cnlisted man a bounty of two hundred dollars and interest from time of re-en- listment until paid." " Voted to authorize the selectmen to hire five thou- sand dollars to aid the families of volunteers and drafted men." This making a total appropriation for war purposes of seventy-nine thousand five hundred dollars in four years, and showing a readiness to contribute freely to the support of the government in its time of peril. This, with the following roll of honor, makes up a war record to which the people of Milton may refer with commendable pride. MILITARY EKCOED, 1861-03. Second New IlAMPSmitE Regiment. Lieut. Clmrlcs E. JoncB, Co. D ; com. June 1,J8C1. Lieut. Robert Miller, Co. D; com. June 1, ISGl. Sergt. Theron F. Varnoy, Co. D; cnl. Junel, 1801, Sergt. Moses L. F. Smith, Co. F; cnl. June 1, 1801. James II. Tibbette, Co. P; enl. .Junel, 1801. John S. Varncy, Co. D ; enl. June 1, ISOl. James M. Corson, Co. D; enl. June 1, 18C1. James M. Venner, Co. D; enl, Juno 1, 1801. Christian L, Jones, Co, F; enl, June 1, 1801, Robert Brown, Co, F; enl, June 1, 1801, TiiinD New IlAMPsniRE Regiment, Lieut, Fred, H, Tutlle, Co, K; com, Aug, 24, 1801. John Robinson, Co. K; enl, Aug, 24, 1801. Aaron F. Corson, Co, K ; enl, Aug, 24, 1801. Stephen F, Downs, Co. K; enl. Aug, 24, 1801. Samuel E. Dorr, Co, K ; enl. Ang. 24, 18GI. StOfilien Hubbard, Co, K; enl. Aug. 24, 1801, Ilosca B, Knox, Co. K ; enl. Aug. 24,1801. James L. Twombly, Co. K ; enl, Aug, 24, 1801. Charles E. Wiggin, Co. K ; enl, Aug, 24, 1801. Lewis C. Dearborn, Co. K ; enl. Aug. 10, 1802. William W. Wentworth, Co, K ; enl, Aug, 24, 1801. Joseph H, Allen, Co, G ; cnl. Aug. 24, 1801. Lewis Ladd, Co. K ; enl. Aug. 24, 1861, John L. Wijig, Co. K ; cnl, Aug. 24, 1S61, Charles L,4.ord, Co. K : enl. Aug. 24, 1801. Martin L. Nutc, Co..K ; enl. Aug. 24, 1801. Daniel S. Chambeilin, Co. K ; cnl. Aug. 24, 1808. FouRTri New llA.MPSliinE Eegimext. S. Lowell Simons, Co. F. Lafayette Colbath, Co, A; enl. Sept, 14, 1801. Alouzo Knox, Co. A ; onl. Sept, 18, 1801. Joseph H, Knowls Co, A ; enl. Sept. 18, 18C1. 656 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Fifth New IlAMFsaiRE Reqimbst. Miij. Jolm S. nicker, Co. D; com. Oct. 12, 1861. Lieut. Steplien E. Twombly, Co. A; com. Oct. 12, 1861. Lient. George L. Hersom, Co. A ; com. Oct. 12, 1861. SteiJheri B, Eatou, Co. A ; eiil. Oct. 12, 1861. Henry P. Gerrisli, Co. A ; eiil. Oct. 12, 1861. Alonzo Carson, Co. A; enl. Oct. 12, 1801. Henry Downs, Co. A; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. John H. Duntley,Co. A; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. Alfred W. Hart, Co. A ; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. George E. Junes, Co. A ; enl. Oct. 12, 1801. Jolin D. Stiiplea, Co. A; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. Alonzo M. Vaine.v, Oo. A ; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. S. AugnatuB Kimbiill, Co. D ; enl. Oct. 23, 1861. Israel M. Nute, Co. H ; enl. Oct. 10, 1861. William E. Muore, Co. C; enl. Aug. 14, 186.S. Jolm E. Uliirsli, Co. F; enl. Dec. 25, 1863. James F. I'liice, Co. F ; enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Jolm W. I'nge, Co. I ; enl. Dec. 2.5, 1803. Hanson Downs, Co. E ; enl. Sept. 29, 1863. Franklin Lind, Co. C ; enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Andrew 1'. lieynolJe, Co. D ; enl. Aug. 14, 1803. Jolm C. Dow, Co. A; enl. Ang. 14, 1803. Israel H. Carson, Co. A; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. Jolm E. Hoilgman, Co. A ; enl. Oct. 12, 1801. William S. Kimball, Co. A; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. Thomas H. Nulter, Co. A ; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. John r. rinkhain, Co. A; enl. Oct.l2, 1861. Lnmau S Niilter, Co. A; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. Alphonzo E. Downs, Co. A ; enl. Oct. 12, 1861. John I. Downs, Co. F; enl. Ang. 14, 1863. Benjamin 1". William, Co. A ; enl Sept. 18, 1861. Alvah Wentworlh, Co. A ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801. David A. Witliam, Co. A ; enl. Sept. 14, 18CI. Joseph H. iMuitley, Co. A; enl. Sept. 14, 1861. James llul.bard, Co. A; enl. Sept. 14, 1801. Willhim 11 H. Hayes, Co. A ; enl. Sept. 14, 1801. Sixth New Hampshire Regiment. Quartermaster Eli Wentwortb, com. Nov. 28, 1801. Commissary John U. Varoey, com. Nov. 28, 1861. Alonzo Duwiiiug, Co. D; enl. Nov. 28, 1861. Stephen Downing, Co D; enl. Nov. 28, 1861. Stephen Downs, Co. II ; enl. Nov. 28, 1861. Oriiul'. GiU-8, Co. G; enl. Not. 28, 1861. Timothy II. Emery, Co. G; enl. Ang. 19, 1862. Benjamin Fos-s, Co. G; enl. Aug. 19, 1862. Hir.mi W. Kicker, Co.U; enl. Nov. 28, 1861. John C. Weiitwortli, Co. G; eul. Aug. 10, 1802. Jeremiah 11. Cook, Co. G; eul. Aug. 19, 1862. William H. Weritworth, Co. G ; enl. Aug. 19, 1862. Orrin Varney, Co. G; enl. Ang. 19,1862. Edwin C. Varniy, Co. G ; enl. Aug. 19, 1862. David 1'. Cock, Co. G : eul. Dec. 29, 1863. Charles II. Fieucb. George Note. Eighth New Hajipsdire Regiment. Henry C. Amazeen, Co. I; enl. Dec. 20, 1801. Wan en 1'. LasUey, Co. I ; enl. Dec. 20, 1861. Ale.vaiider Merrow, Co. I; enl. Dec. 20, 1801. lenniel F. Note, Co. I; enl. Dec. 20, 1801. S'Uiion V. HulLliitiB, Co. I; enl. Dec. 20, 1801. John P. Hill, Co. I; enl. Dec. 20, 1801. NiXTH New D.^mpshire Reoimest. Willinm H. Applebee. John L. Moulton, Co. B; enl. Ang. 10, 1802. Reuben J. Wentworth, C". C; enl. Aug. 10, 1802. Jlillet W. Roberts, Co. C; enl. Aug. 10, 1862. Wentworth Bi.tJer, Co. C; enl. Aug. 10, 1802.- Shadrach S. Simes, Co. C; enl. Aug. 10, 1802. Isiiac P. Cook, Co. D; enl. May 18, 1804. Eleventh New Hampshire Regimext. Ivory Hayes, Co. K ; enl. Sept. 3, 1802. li-a M. Coram, Co. K ; enl. Sept. 3, 18C2. Twelfth New Hampshire Regiment. David AVentwortb. Thirteenth New Haupsuire Regiment. John I. Cook, Co. ; enl. Sept. 10, 1862. James H. Wakeham, Co. C; enl. Sept. 19,1862. Dudley P. Corson, Co. C; enl. Sept. 19, 1862. John F. Davis, Co. C; eul. Sept. 19, 1862. Eighteenth New H.^mpshire Regiment. Thomas D. Marsh, Co. I; enl. March 16, 1865. Joslah F. Prescott, Co. I ; enl. Marcli 16, 1865. Richard R. Cotton, Co. I ; enl. March 18, 1865. Isaac F. Robinson, Co. I; eul. March 18, 1865. Charles H. Downs, Co. I; enl. April 3, 1865. First Regiment Cavalry. Moses D. Brackctt, Co.K ; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Eli Corson, Co. K ; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Icbabod W. Di.ton, Co. K ; eul. June 21, 1862. Jesse W. Knox, Co. K; enl. June 21, 1862. Andrew R. Hayes, Co. K ; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Charles J. Berry, Co. G ; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Edward Eastmau, Co. F ; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Hazcn Duntlcy, Co. F; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Ira W. Duutley, Co. F; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Daniel F. Roach, Co. F; enl. Oct. 14, 1802. Cyrus Brackelt, Co. F ; enl. Oct. 14, 1862. First Regisiext Heavy Artillery.. Christie I. Lord, Co. M ; enl. Sept. 5, 1801. Brackctt F. Aveiy, Co. D ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864. John S. Corson, Co. D ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Albert F. Downs, Oo. D; enl. Sept. 6, 18(14. Edwin A. Emery, Co. D ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864. William Randell, Co. D; enl. Sept. 5, 1804. Jacob F. Staples, Co. D ; enl. Sept 6, 1864. Seth W. Varney, Co. D; eul. Sept. 5, 1864. Hiram Wentworth, Co. D; enl. Sept. o, 1864. John H. Wilham, Co. D ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864. John 0. Hayes, Co. D; enl. Sept. 5, 1804. Robert Brown, Co. D ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Commissary Eli Fernald, Co. L ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Battery. Asa B. Drew, Co. M. John B. Varney, Co. M. Henry Hoyt, Co. M. Henry LeBosquet, Co. M. Other Regiments. George E. Wentworth, 20th Moss. Charles Giles, regular army. John R. Palmer, regular arnij'. Lieut. Thomas M. Chisholui, regular army. Sergt. Daniel E. Palmer, M.D., regular army. Alfied W. Fox, Sth JIaine. Alonzo L. Wiggin, unknown. Robert M. Palmer, unknown. William Jenness, unknown. Marshall P. Wentworth, unknown. M'illiam Berry, unknown. John W. Roberts, unknown. Mark F. Cook, unknown. This making a total of one hundred and fifty men from this little town. Population, Inventory, etc.— The population of Milton in 1880 was 1516, with 94 between sixty and seventy years, 63 between seventy and eighty, 10 be- tween eighty and ninety, and 2 over ninety years old. The town is divided into two hundred and four farms, and has one slaughter-house, two soap manu- factories, two hotels, ten blacksmith-shops, and four- teen stores, besides its milling and manufacturing interests. e^c-'C^'^t'^ c.// C^Cy ^LZy MILTOX. G57 Three Ponds village had a population of 299, and Milton Mills of 399, showing an increase in the latter village of 136 in ten years. The present number .of ratable polls in town is 398. Value of lande $348,215 Number of houses, 25^: value 14,.57l NuHiber of neat Block, 744; value 21,01t8 Number of sheep, 406; value 1,'iG:^ Value of earriases 1,806 Auit'UUtof bank stock 5,4(10 Blouey on baud and at interest l:i,4o:i Slock in trade 21,70:! Value of uiills 12,J0O Amount of money appropriated for schools for 1882, $1485. Number of scholars, about 300. There has been a small decrease in population during the last twenty years, many leaving town for the cities and larger manufacturing towns for the purpose of engaging in other business than farming. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. LEWIS WORSTER NUTE. Lewis Worster Nute, the subject of this sketch, was born in Milton, N. H., Feb. 17, 1820. His grand- father, Samuel Nute, who was a native of Dover, and the head of a large family, was an active and influ- ential citizen, living in Milton during his entire mar- ried life, and dying at an advanced age. His father, Ezekiel Nute, was born in Milton, Nov. 30, 1794, and was a farmer. Ezekiel Nute married Dorcas "Wors- ter, Sept. 19, 1815, and had four children, as follows : Cyrus W., Lewis W., Isaac F., and Samuel F. Two of these, Cyrus and Isaac, are dead ; Lewis W. is re- siding in Boston, Mass., and Samuel F. lives at Union, N. H. In politics Ezekiel Nute was a Whig. He was for many years a deacon in the Congregational Church. He died April 14, 1859, when about sixty- five years of age, his wife surviving him till Dec. 11, 1869. Lewis W. Nute was not highly favored as regards educational privileges, being permitted to attend school only about six weeks each winter. He was so studious, however, and made such use of the limited opportunities offered that at the age of nineteen he engaged in teaching, continuing that occupation dur- ing two terms. He lived at home until twenty years of age, when he went to Boston, where, for six months, he was employed as clerk in the ship-chandler store of Mr. Simmons. He was next employed in the boot and shoe business with Elmer Townsend. When the latter failed, he engaged with the firm of T. P. and O. Rich & Co.. remaining with them until the spring of 1848 ; then with Allen, Harris & Potter, until May 1, 1853, when he purchased an interest in the business, the new firm taking the name of Potter, Elder & Nute, and the business being conducted by the junior mem- ber of the firm. Three years later the firm changed to Potter, Nute, White & Bayley, and Dec. 1, 1863, 42 Mr. Nute succeeded to the entire business, which is now (1882) conducted on High Street, where he does the largest brogans and plow-shoe business in the State, making more goods in this line than any one else in the boot and shoe business, producing (4000) four thousand pairs each day, and is regarded one of the stanchest houses in that great city. He also has an extensive manufactory at Natick, Mass., and a large wholesale store at 27 High Street, Boston. His career has been a remarkable one, in this, that from a poor boy he has come to be a very wealthy and suc- cessful man, and all without the loss of manhood or of friends. Indeed, he is justly one of the most highly esteemed and universally loved men in the East. He is an honorable citizen, with character well rounded and symmetrical, and his influence on the community in which he lives is always on the side of right. In politics Mr. Nute was formerly a Whig, and of late years a Republican. His wife was Priscilla Far- row, whom he married Aug. 1, 1845. She was born in Cohasset, Dec. 6, 1819, and is a member of the Congregational Church. JOSEPH PLUMER. Francis Plumer came from the British Isles to America in 1633 or 1634, — some say Wales, others say England, — and settled in Newburyport, Mass. His descendants have settled in diflerent parts of the State of New Hampshire ; one branch of the family in Epping, to which belonged William Plumer, who was Governor of the State for many years, and his son, Hon. William, and many others now living in Epping. Another branch of Francis Plumer settled in Koch- ester, among whom was John Plumer, who was a judge for many years. He had two sons, Joseph and Bard, who settled in thenortherly part of Rochester in 1780, then known as the third parish, now known as Plu- mer's Ridge,which was incorporated in the town of Milton in 1802. Joseph died in 1821. He has no descendants now living (1882). Hon. Bard Plumer was born in 1754; married a Miss Ham. Their children were Jonathan, Enoch, Joseph, Betsey, who married Joshua G. Hall, of Wakefield, and Susan, wife of Adam Brown, of Wolfborough. Hon. Bard Plumer can truthfully be said to have been a leading spirit in his locality. By occupation a farmer and large land-owner. In politics a Demo- crat, and held the offices of his town ; was a member of the State Seriate, being the first honorable from the town of Milton. His wife died in 1803, and sub- sequently he married a Miss Page, of Dunbarton, who survived him many years. He died in 1816. Joseph Plumer, son of Hon. Bard, was born in Rochester, now Milton, in 1786, was a farmer on a part of the original Plumer homestead, and in his C58 HISTORY OP STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. avocation was eminently successful. In politics a Democrat. Held the various offices of the town. He married Sally Brown, of Hampton Falls,' daughter of Nathan Brown. She was born March 26, 1785. Their children were Jonathan, who died young; Car- oline; who died at fifty, and was the wife of David P. Wentworth, of Ossipee; Enoch W., Bard, Joseph, and Sarah, wife of George A. Neal, of Wakefield. Mr. Plumer died Jan. 3, 1826, having lived a con- stant Congregationalist. His wife Sally died in July, 1877. Joseph Plumer, son of Joseph and Sally (Brown) Plumer, was born in Milton on the old homestead March 11, 1820; received a good academic education at Phillips' Exeter Academy, making mathematics a specialty, in which he was very apt. He and his brother, Enoch W., bought out the other heirs, di- vided the property, and Joseph built the fine house and surroundings known as the Pine-Grove Cottage, and is now his residence (1882). As a farmer and business man he has been eminently successful, own- ing at first some three hundred acres of land. He has enlarged his farm at different times till now he has over one thpusand acres of land. He also has dealt quite largely in the wood and lumber business, cutting as high as seven thousand cords of wood in a winter. He was one of the original corporators of the Nor- way Plains Savings-Bank. He has been twice mar- ried, first to Adaliue F. Baker, daughter of Hon. Moses Baker, of Somersworth, N. H., in 1844, who was born May, 1820, and died June, 1858, leaving as children Moses B,, now in the mines of Colorado, and Joseph, Jr., a farmer near the old Plumer homestead ; he married Carrie Fall. Mr. Plumer's second marriage occurred Oct. 1, 1863, to Hannah D. Clark, of Framingham, Mass., who was born in Sanbornton, N. H., Dec. 18, 1830, and was the daughter of John N. Clark. Mr. Plumer is ever among the foremost to encourage and support what he considers to be for the good of his community, attends and supports the Congrega- tional Church ; has held the several town offices many times ; has been a member of the Legislature, and a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1876 ; in politics a Kepublican. Enoch W. was born in Milton April 4, 1815; re- ceived a common-school education ; he married Orinda | Ayers, of Wakefield, N. H., June, 1840, who was [ born 1817. Their children were John T., who died [ June, 1868 ; Joseph E. ; Mary B., who married Samuel ; W. Wallingford ; and Bard B., who married Miss Eliza j D. Wentworth, and lives with his father in the old [ Plumer homestead. Their children are Lutia C, Fanny W., and Bard B., making the fifth generation by the name of Bard Plumer who have lived in the house built by the Hon. Bard. 1 Sec Brown liislory of Hampton Falls. Sarah, who married Rev. Frank Haley ; Fanny W., who married Dr. J. H. Twombly ; and Susan, the wife of John Roberts, who died October, 1878, were daugh- ters of E. W. Plumer. Mr. Plumer has been twice a member of the Legis- lature; deacon of the first Congregational Churcli for many years, in which he has been a leading spirit for the past forty years. CHAPTER XCIX. NEW DURHAM. The town of New Durham lies in the northern part of the county, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Belknap County, on the east by Carroll County and the town of Middleton, on the south bv Farmington, and on the west by Belknap County. The surface is hilly, and the soil well adapted to grazing. New Durham originally, with the towns of Middle- ton, New Durham Gore, with portions of Gilmanton, Wakefield, and Wolfborough, comprised the town of Kingswood, chartered Oct. 20, 1737. It was incor- porated as a separate town under its present name Dec. 7, 1762. The town was granted as early as 1749 to Ebenezer Smith and others. Documentary History, — At a public meeting of the Proprietors of New Durham in the Province of New Hampshire legally notified, holden at the meet- ing house at Durham falls in s" province on monday the 30'" day of Decemb' 1765 at 2 o'clock P. M. then & there the s'' proprietors made choice of Maj' Thomas Tash and Capt. Thomas Chesle as a Committee to ap- ply to the general Court of s* Province to see if s'' Court will pass an act to Impower the s'' Proprietors to sell so much of the land of the delinquent proprie- tors as shall pay their proportion of the charges to be defrayed by s'' propriety. Tho' Tash prop"' Clark A true Coppy To his Excellency John Wentworth Esq' Governor and Commander in Chief in and over his Majcstys Province of New Hampshire, the Honourable Councel and Representatives of Said Province. The Humble Petition of Thomas Tash and Thomas Cheslee, In Behalf of the Proprietors of New Dur- ham Slieweth That Whereas a Great Number of the Proprietors of said New Durham have been Delinquent in paying their proportion of the Necessary Charges that have already arisin on account of the Settlement of Said Town, and it is highly probable s* Delinquents will be as unwilling to pay any Necessary Charge that may hereafter arise ; Therefore the Burden must Con- sequently Lay on such of said propriety as are most willing to promote said Town and the Settlement thereof. ^--z^^ i^^ NEW DURHAM. C59 We therefore most Humbly Shewe, That at a Legal Meeting of Said proprietors held on the SO"" Day of December A. D. 1765 it was Voted that we the said Thomas Tash & Thomas Chesley should be a Com- mittee to apply to your Excellency and your honours, in order to obtain an act to Impower the said pro- prietors or their Collectors to Sell the Rights of Said Delinquent proprietors or Such a Part thereof as shall be Sufficient to pay their Respective proportion of Such Necessary Charges. Your Petitioners Earnestly hope your Excellency and Honours will Take our prayer into your wise Consideration and procure Such a Remedy as your Excellency and Honours in your Great wisdom Shall think proper, and your petitioners as in Duty bound Shall ever pmy. Thoii= Tash Thom' Chesle New Durham September 10''' 1767 Col. Thomas Tash was a prominent pioneer of New. Durham, and erected the first grist- and saw-mill in the town. He served in the French and Indian war as captain and major, and as colonel in the war of the Revolution. He died aged eighty-seven. Ecclesiastical History.— Rev. Nathaniel Porter, a Congregationalist, was ordained in New Durham in 1775, and dismissed in 1777. He was succeeded by Elder Benjamin Randall, the patriarch of the Free- will Baptist denomination. He organized the first Free-Will Baptist Church in America, in the house of Elder Joseph Boodey ; the house is now standing. Elder Randall continued preaching, and traveled more or less, until at last he died of consumption, in 1808, aged sixty years. A plain marble shaft marks his resting-place in the family burying-ground of New Durham Ridge. Elder Joseph Boodey, a co- temporary and co-worker with Elder Randall, lived and died in this town. He was born in 1773, com- menced preaching in 1797, was ordained by Randall and others in 1799. He traveled and preached ex- tensively throughout the New England and Middle States. He died May 12, 18(37, at the advanced age of ninety-four years, beloved and revered by all that knew him. He was an honored member of the Ma- .sonic fraternity about sixty years. Elder Nathaniel Berry, a very worthy man, had charge of the Free-Will Baptist Church in this town nearly forty years. He died Oct. 19, 18G5, aged seventy-seven years. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. F. W. COBURN. The history of the career of Mr. Coburn is one pe- culiar to the self-made men of our times. He was seventeen years old when he moved in 1851 with his father from Pelham, N. H., to the place at present occupied by him, at that time a wilderness. Soon after arriving at New Durham he apprenticed himself to his brother-in-law, James H. Fletcher, who was a manufacturer in a very small way of edge tools. He served three years as an apprentice, when his time expired ; he continued to work, however, in the same shop for one year. The pay he received was very small compared to the prices paid mechanics to- day. One year after completing his apprenticeship he was married to Susan, daughter of Alfred S. Willey, of New Durham. Immediately after his marriage he commenced business for himself in the shop in which he learned his trade. His business was on a small scale, but by close application and undaunted energy it improved and extended, necessitating the enlargement of his facilities for manufacturing. His shop burned two years after he commenced operations, whereupon he moved down the stream and built a factory on the site he now occupies. He commenced the manufac- ture of shoe-knives in a very humble way, the ex- tent of liis factory being but three dozen knives per day. He adopted the brand, " F. W. C," the three initial letters of his name. The excellence of his knives soon gave them an enviable reputation, and orders came in from distant parts of the country, ne- cessitating the introduction of the most modern im- provements in machinery for manufacturing his par- ticular line. His factory now has a capacity of one hundred and fifty dozen knives per day, besides a large quantity of shaves and other tools used in the manufacture of boots and shoes. The F. W. C. knife has a world-wide reputation. A few years ago the sale of his wares was confined to Rochester, Dover, Farmirigton, and Haverhill, Mass., that being the outside limit. To-day he ships his goods to every State in the Union, the Canadas, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward's Island, Great Britain, Germany, and Aus- tralia. The factory is located on a good water-power, but Mr. Coburn put in a steain-engine, which gives him safe motive-power for every working-day in the year. The wilderne.ss that he moved into in 1858 has been converted, through his successful management, into a thriving village. It contains a post-office, store, edge tool factories, and several fine dwellings, all the property of Mr. Coburn. Prominent among the resi- dents are his two married sons, who are engaged in the business with him, and who have in a remarkable degree inherited their father's business proclivities, — a fact that affords gratification to Mr. Coburn, as his great desire is to have the business he has so success- fully worked up perpetuated in his family. Pie em- ploys a large number of men, who find residences in the buildings he has erected for their Comfort. The name of the post-oflice is Coburnville. Mr. Coburn has been married twice. Three chil- dren were born to his first wife, — Charles, Frank W., Jr., and Alonzo G. Charles died at the age of twenty- CfiO HISTORY OF STEAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. three, leaving a widow and one child, — Willie U. Frank W., Jr., married Leona Smith, of Eochester, N. H., and Alonzo G. married Annie Adams, of New Durham. Mrs. Coburn died Nov. 28, 1858, and one year after he married her sister, Mary J., by whom he has two children living, — Alma J. and Susan M. In polities Mr. Coburn is a Kepublican, being a firm advocate of the principles of that party. He was a Democrat prior to the campaign of 1880, when he left that party on the tariff question. He has always commanded the respect and esteem of the citizens of the town for which he has done so much, and has officiated as justice of the peace, which position he now occupies. He represented his district in the Legislature in 1878 and 1880. Mr. Coburn is essentially a self-made man, and his life has been one of .steady and active devotion to business, success being the natural result. In religion Mr. Coburn is a follower of Paine, Huxley, and In- gersoll. His convictions are liberal, believing that each man should worship as his conscience dictates. CHAPTER C. ROLLINSFOED.i Geograpliicol— Early Ilislovy— Incorpnration— Villago of Salmon Falls —Boston and Maine Eailroad — Groat Falls and Conway Road — "Sligo" — Population — Highways — Agriculture — Vaiious Farms — Prosperity— Old Wentwoith House— Old I'ike House — The Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company — Soniersworth Machine Company — Lawyers — Physicians. EoLLiNsroKD, in the southeastern part of Straf- ford County, adjoins South Berwick, Me., from which it is separated by the Salmon Falls River, forty-five miles from Concord. Its territory was formerly a part of Somersworth, from which it was separated and in- corporated July 3, 1849. With Somersworth it was originally a part of Dover, and was settled at a very early date, being occupied by the settlement made as early as 1630. At the falls here certain persons sent over by Mason " built a saw-mill" and a "stamping- mill for corne" about 1634, but the mills were burned before 1644. Prior to 1700 the falls came into pos- seshion of Judge Thomas Tuttle, of Dover, who owned large tracts of land adjoining and resided there, and who erected mills. There is one village in the town situate in the south- eastern part, called Salmon Falls. It received its name from the iact that before manufacturing was extensively carried on there some small quantities of salmon were caught near the falls. It is now a vil- lage of about one hundred houses, a great part of Avhich are owned by the Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company, whose mills and shops are located there. 1 By Amoa W. Pike. For a time this village was in an exceedingly flourish- ing condition. Then there were but few French worthy of mention, and but few foreigners of any nationality connected with the mills. A good class of people, thrifty, intelligent, and industrious, were brought together in this promising little place. A public library was started, and a good class of litera- ture was put in circulation. Lyceums and lecture courses were regularly held. Besides this, a spirit of enterprise was particularly marked in the business part of the village. But since the war, whose devasta- ting hand so prostrated the business interests of more than one little village in our enterprising New Eng- land, and the introduction of the French element into the mills, the life and energy of the village has seemed to flag, and the general tone of society to depreciate. The streets of Salmon Falls are laid out with all the regularity of one of the new-born cities of the West, most of them running at right angles to each other, and for several years they were lighted by gas. The Somersworth Machine Company's foundry and shops are about one-third of a mile down the river from the mills of the Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company. The only post-office in the town is here, and is the Salmon Falls Post Office. All the town-meetings and general gatherings of the town are held in the village hall. Jones's Hotel, just across the way from the Boston and Maine Railroad depot, is a house well conducted and of good repute. The Boston and Maine Railroad and the Great Falls and Conway Railroad run through this village and have depots here. The Boston and Maine Railroad has about four miles of road in Rollinsford, runs across the town from east to west, crossing, the Salmon Falls River into Maine. At present this road has only a single track through Rollinsford, but a double track is being laid on other parts of the road, and in a few years at furthest it will be laid through this town. At Rol- linsford Station the Boston and Maine has a branch track which runs to Great Falls, a distance of about two and one-half miles, where passengers can connect with the Great Falls and Conway Railroad for points farther north. This latter railroad, as before mentioned, runs through the town. It crosses the northeastern part, having here about one mile of road, and at Salmon Falls crosses the river into Maine. In the summer season there is a great deal of travel over this road to the mountains. It connects at North Conway with the Portland and Ogdensburg, and is controlled by the Eastern Railroad. In the southern part of the town, near what is called the Point, is a locality called Sligo. This part of the town was settled first, and, it is held, derived its name from the fact that the first settlers came from Ireland, and named it in fond remembrance of the Sligo they had left in the Emerald Isle. However ROLLINSFORD. COl this may be, it has long gone by this name, and, as spoken of in another part of this history, is an ex- cellent farming locality. Since the organization of the town the population has somewhat varied. In 1850 there were 640 males, 1217 females, equals 1857, and 5 colored persons; total, 1862. In 1860 there were 752 males, 1316 fe- males, equals 2068, and 1 colored person ; total, 2069. In 1870 there were 1251 natives, 219 foreigners, and 2 colored, equals 1500. In 1880, 1712. Kollinsford is not without its picturesqueness. Nature has done much for it in this direction, and has rendered it a delightful place to journey through, by reason of its v.iried and attractive scenery. Here the verdure of (lie trees and shrubbery in the leafy month of June, and the many hues and tints which the foliage assumes when frost lays its magic hand thereon, add a charm to the face of nature which one is never tired of gazing on. The general surface of the town is even, yet enough of hills and dale to call attention to the fact that it is an element of the " Old Granite State," and these seem needed to make it the delightful place it really is. Riding from Dover to Salmon Falls over what is called the "old road" just at sundown is a pleasure often indulged in by those who seek that rest and recreation which only nature in its most lovely aspect can give. In this you pass Garrison Hill, whose summit is just within the limits of Dover. It is a noted locality, covered witli legends and authentic historic events, which date way back to the early Indian history of this region. It is a fine old hill and overlooks the city, giving one a delightful view from the observatory on its summit. A little farther along you pass the new and elegant residence of Senator Rollins, and all the way plenty of well-cultivated and fertile farms on either side. The road is somewhat winding, and this, together with the brooks, the large over-hanging elms, and rows of shady willows serve to keep the expectation of the traveler kindled as he continually beholds something new and different at every turn. A very pleasant drive is over the Great Falls road from " Rollinsford Plains." For a mile here the road is nearly straight and very even, and on either side are dense woods with sufficient variety of trees to in- sure in October all the beauties which can be wrought by the changing hues and tints of autumnal foliage. A drive somewhat less frequented than those al- ready mentioned, yet not less attractive, is to start from the summit of Rollinsford Hill, in that part of the town called Quamphegan, and, passing the de- lightful situation of the residence of Frank Hale, follow the winding road to Style's Cove, and still farther along through "Sligo" towards "Elliott Bridge," entering Dover over the " Gulf Road." By so doing you pass through the best farming locality in the town, and have variety enough of steep hills, of sudden turns, and river views. The Salmon Falls, flowing just at your left, broadens as you go, and long before it unites with the Cocheco to form the Pisca- taqua becomes a truly majestic stream of water. The old Twombly Brook is quite a noted little stream, and is a favorite resort of amateur fishermen. It winds down from the hills in the vicinity of Somers- worth, and shortly after uniting with Rollins' Brook empties itself into Fresh Creek. A very romantic locality in this delightful stream is "The Falls," which are located in dense woods on the land of the estate of the late William W. Rollins, and nearly down to the turnpike which leads from Dover to South Berwick. The brook here spreads out and be- comes quite wide, and it dashes and foams over the rocks in a very wild and pleasing manner. It is a very shady and attractive spot. Quite a quantity of fish have in years gone by been taken from this brook, including trout of no mean proportions, horn pout, and even pickerel. Agricultural. — Rollinsford has always been re- garded as a thrifty farming town. Some of the best farms in the State are here, and are carried on in the most approved and modern way. The soil is naturally fertile and productive, and along the Salmon Falls River and by the shores of Fresh Creek the grass and other vegetation grow with something like a tropical luxuriance. The best farms are in this locality, and are owned by Frank Hale, William R. Garvin, Tobias Garvin, Aaron Roberts, and James Garvin. However, in the central portion of the town are some most excellent farms and some very attractive residences. The old Hiram R. Roberts place, now occupied by his widow and oldest son, has always been kept in a high state of cultivation. The farm build- ings are ample and commodious, having attached to them everything which modern convenience can sug- gest. The land has been made to yield profitable returns for the labor bestowed upon it for many years. The William W. Rollins estate, now carried on by his two sons, William and Samuel, is a farm of no small proportion, containing something over three hundred acres. It is a pleasure to gaze over its broad, smooth fields near harvest-time and see the waving of the ripening grain, or, still later, see the busy gleaners gathering their rich harvests to their winter stores. Lately new and commodious farm buildings have been erected by these industrious and successful farmers. The old Daniel Rollins place, now the summer residence of Senator Edward H. Rollins, is a beautiful retreat, situated on the old road leading to Dover, about a mile from the city. The house is of the Queen Anne style of architecture, large, and very striking in appearance, and is by far the finest residence in town. Each room is finished with a different kind of wood, and the details of the architecture throughout are in perfect keeping with the whole. The farm is a good one, very productive, and worked in such a way as to yield the greatest returns. 662 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Just across the way is tlie old Augustus Eollins place, an estate of many fertile acres, with a fine stand of farm-buildings thereon. It is carried on by three daughters of the late Augustus, who, by their shrewdness, skill, and good judgment, demonstrate the fact that good management in farm matters may be attained as well by women as by men. ' One, in passing through the town, misses much if he does not visit the garden-farm, of Edmund C. Goodwin. It is in the vicinity of Otis Hill, on the road leading from Dover to Great Falls. It is not of many acres, yet by skill and labor it is made to blos- som like a garden in the tropics. It is devoted almost entirely lo the raising of fruit and vegetables for the markets, and has proved very profitable to Mr. Good- win. A wind-mill pumps water into a reservoir, from which it is carried over his whole establishment through pipes, and by this arrangement he can irri- gate his whole land in dry weather in a few moments. There are other good farms in town yielding good returns, through skillful management, for the labor be- stowed upon them, among which may be mentioned Leavitt H. Yeaton, AVilliam Plumer, Luther P. Home, Nicholas F. Richer, George W. Eoberts, Jo- seph D. Eoberts. A person riding through the town can hardly help being struck with the evident prosperity of the people. The farms sliow by the rich green of their vegetation and their ample returns, by their well- trimmed hedges and rock walls and fences in good repair, by the neat, commodious, and even elegant houses, and by the thousand-and-one waysby which such knowledge comes to us, that Eollinsford is a town which ranks high as a farming community, and one of the pleasantest in the State. " Old Wentwortli House."— In this town, at what is called Salmon Falls, stands an old mansion house, located a little northwest of the Boston and Maine depot, which was built about the year 1710 by Col. Paul Wentworth, a very wealthy and enterprising citizen of the town. This is the oldest house in Eol- linsford, and quite a history is connected with it, es- pecially during the Revolutionary war period. Within its well-preserved walls stands an old clock, still run- ning and keeping good time, which was manufactured in England and brought to this country and placed in this old mansion, where it was erected and fur- nished, and it bids fair now to need but little repair- ing to make it good for a hundred years to come. In speaking of this house more than a quarter of a cen- tury ago in a historical poem by a citizen of this town he describes it thus : " Among the dwellings of Uiat day "Wliicli here and there fire strewn, One has snrvived the shock of timo. And only ono alone. "Firmly that reverend mansion stands, That relic of the past, Borne down to us through rolling years. With shades upon it cast. " And could it speak, what t^les 'twould tell, — Tales of another age; Those that were never sung in song, Or penned on history's page. "Long may it stand in years to come. On it we love to gaze. The moss of time has gathered there, And dust of ancient days." "Old Pike House."— On the old road leading to Dover, a few rods west of the Boston and Maine Eailroad depot, stands another old mansion-house, kept in good repair, built by the Eev. James Pike, first minister of the town, in the year 1730? At one time this house was used for a garrison, and many trusting families slept securely within its walls. It is also made memorable from the fact that Whitefield, during one of his visits to this country, chose it as his residence for many days. Directly in front of it stood three gigantic elms, planted there at the time the house was erected, but time and the lightning's stroke has destroyed two of them, and one still lingers, though the electric fluid has dealt heavy strokes on it many different times. It is now owned and occupied by Amos W. Pike, the great-grandson of the Eev. James, and has come down to him direct through three generations. The old oaken timbers which form its frame-work are still firm and sound, and, though they have defied the winds and storms of a century and a half, still seem well fitted for a similar work another century to come. Around such old houses as we have spoken of must cluster associations and reminiscences dear to those whose heads their venerable and protecting roofs have covered. Historic remembrances, fond traditions, all must serve to hallow such spots, and cause those who have gone from thence out into a busy world to make periodic pilgrimages to where, in early youth, they were told of those whose names by the kindred ties of humanity have become dear to them, and shown by some evidence of physical toil where they have wrought; Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company.— The Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company was incorpo- rated June 17, 1822, when James Eundlett, Jeremiah Mason, John Haven, and others, were empowered by the Legislature of the State of New Hampshire to carry on the manufacture of cotton, woolen, and other goods at Salmon Falls, in the town of Somersworth. They erected a rhill where No. 1 now stands, for the manufacture of woolen cloths, and ran it with vary- ing success until Aug. 7, 1834, when it was totally de- stroyed by fire. The loss so discouraged the proprie- tors that it was not until Aug. 20, 1836 (two years later), that they would vote to rebuild ; and after they had rebuilt, they could not agree among themselves what kind of goods should be made, and the mill re- mained idle until 1844. At this time a number of Boston capitalists, among whom were Abbott Law- rence, Amos Lawrence, Mason & Lawrence, AVilliam Appleton and others, bought a controlling interest in ROLLIXSFORD. 663 the mill, and started it on heavy cotton drillings and sheetings. They succeeded so well that they felt en- couraged, in 1848, to build another mill of sixteen thousand spindles, and to increase their capital stock from $500,000 to SI, 000,000. The company sustained a severe loss in the total de- struction, by fire, of No. 1 mill, agent's house, machine- shof, cloth-room, and other property, which took place July 8, 1864; but, in no wise discouraged by their losses, they commenced to build, in the spring of 1865, a mill to contain fifteen thousand spindles. After it was completed the company had two mills, containing thirty-one thousand spindles. In 187(3, by judicious alterations and improvements, the num- ber of spindles was increased fi'om thirty-one thou- sand to fifty-four thousand three hundred and four. The Salmon Falls River furnishes the motive-power by which the mills are run. There are two dams, with a fall of nineteen and tweuty-three feet respectively. It has not been found necessary to use steam or any other auxiliary to the motive-power, the river so far having proved amply suflicient. This company have two mills, both in Salmon Falls, and are known as No. 1 and No. 2. The former was built in 1865; is three hundred and sixty-three by fifty feet, and five stories high. The latter was built in 1848, is three hundred and sixty by sixty feet, and is also five stories high. There is also a picker-house, seventy-four by forty-two feet, and three stories high, a machine-shop and cloth-room, one hundred and eighty by thirty feet, and three stories high, a cotton-house, one hundred and forty- seven and a half by fifty and a half feet. They make their own gas from petroleum, and own stores and dwelling-houses for their help. The company operates 54,304 spindles and 1143 looms, and manufactures annually 1,844,220 pounds, or 8,912,702 yards, of cotton fabrics. They employ 600 operatives, and disburse to them $16,000 per month. The different agents of the company have been : James Kundlett, from Nov. 21, 1822, to July 14, 1823. Ebenezer Ball, from A.ug. 21, 1823, to Jan. 1, 1825. Joshua W. Pierce, from Jan. 1, 1825, to May 14, 1844. Pliney Lawton, from May 14, 1844, to July 14, 1854. Varnum A. Shedd, from July 14, 1854, to April 2, 1859. Joshua Converse, from April 20, 1859, to July 15, 1875. 0. S. Brown, from July 31, 1875, to present time. The Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company has been very successful; while many cotton-manufac- turing corporations have arbitrarily reduced or cut down their capital stock from fifty to seventy-five per cent, and then calculated dividends on the reduced capital, nothing of the sort has been done by this company. On the contrary, four hundred thousand dollars of the capital stock has been returned to the stockholders; and it is now paying them dividends at the rate of eight per cent, per annum. The Somersworth Machine Company have a foun- dry and machine-shop about one-third of a mile down the river from the mills of the Salmon Falls Manu- facturing Company. They have also another foundry and machine-shop in Great Falls. Both of them are, and have been for many years, doing a profitable busi- ness. The foundry in this town has for several years past been jmder the direct management of Edwin A. Stevens. About sixty hands are here employed, en- gaged in the manufacture of stoves. Additions have just been made to the main part of the foundry, owing to the increasing business of the establishment. C. H. Wright is agent, and 0. H. Lord is treasurer of the corporation, both of them residing at Great Falls. Rollinsford has never for any length of time sup- ported a lawyer. John W. Woodman, who subse- quently became a distinguished professor at Dart- mouth College, opened a law-office here when a young man, but, receiving but little encouragement, aban- doned it after a fair trial. William J. Copeland, now a successful and eminent lawyer in Great Falls, tried a similar experiment, but after waiting a reasonable time for clients, "folded his tent" and departed to other fields. Physicians.— The following is a sketch of the dif- ferent physicians who settled and practiced medicine in this town : John E. Tyler, M.D., was born in Boston, Dec. 9, 1819. He entered Dartmouth College in the year 1838, and after graduation opened a private school in Newport, R. I. While there he commenced the study of medicine. He attended one course of lectures at Dartmouth Medical College, and two courses at Medi- cal Department of University of Pennsylvania, grad- uating at this latter university in 1846. He at once began the practice of medicine in the village of Sal- mon Falls, and remained here till he was appointed superintendent of New Hampshire Asylum for In- sane, Oct. 5, 1852. In 1858 he was elected superin- tendent of McLean Asylum for Insane, and remained there till 1871, when he resigned. After this he trav- eled a while in Europe. He died in April, 1878. While in Salmon Falls he took an active interest in all of the public institutions of the place. He was the first representative sent to the Legislature from Rollinsford, and was one of the founders of the Sal- mon Falls Bank. John G. Pike, M.D., son of Nathaniel G., grandson of John, and great-grandson of Rev. James Pike, was born in this town, in the old house built by the Rev. James, the 17th of August, 1817. He fitted for col- lege at Berwick Academy, and completed his educa- tion at Bowdoin. After leaving college he studied medicine with Theodore Jewett, of South Berwick, Me., late professor in Bowdoin Medical College, grad- uating from Bowdoin Medical College in 1847. He 664 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. commenced the practice of medicine the same year in Durham. In 1848 he left Durham, and began prac- tice in the village of Salmon Falls, in this town. In 1868 he left Salmon Falls, and began practice in Bos- ton, Mass., remaining there until 1871, when he moved to Dover, where he now lives. Jonathan S. Ross, M.D., was born in Lisbon, N. H., April 12, 1822. He fitted for college at Holmes Acad- emy, Plymouth, N. H., and graduated from Dartmouth in the class of 1843. After graduating he began the study of medicine. He attended a course of lectures in University of Pennsylvania in winter of 1844-45, another course at Hanover in 1845, and in April, 1846, he received the degree of M.D. from the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. He soon after went to Bos- ton and opened an office, pursuing his studies in the hospitals. From ISTovember, 1846, to fall of 1852 he was located in Bath, N. H. From fall of 1852 to 1855 he practiced his profession in the town of Rol- linsford. In 1855 he commenced practice in Somers- worth, where he continued until his death, Nov. 22, 1877. He represented the town of Eollinsford in State Legislature in 1855. In August, 1862, he was appointed surgeon of the Eleventh Regiment of New Hampshire Volunteers, and afterwards brigade sur- geon of the Second Brigade, Second Division, Ninth Army Corps, Gen. S. G. Griffin. In 1865 he was stationed post-surgeon at Concord, N. H. Alphonso Severance, M.D., was born in Orrington, Me., March 27, 1825. When quite a young man he taught school for several terms, but began the study of dentistry when about nineteen years of age, and the practice of the same at twenty-three in South Berwick, Me. He remained here a few months, when he removed to Great Falls. Here he remained till 1863, during a small part of which time he had a branch office in Salmon Falls. In 1863 he removed to Salmon Falls, where he remained in active practice till his death, which occurred Sept. 26, 1881. While he lived in this town he showed an interest in the school affairs, and for many years was one of the committee for the, schools in the village. Some two or three years before his death, on account of failing health, he purchased some real estate in Florida and built him a house thereon. Here he spent the cold months of the year among his orange groves. Not- withstanding this, his health still continued to fail him, and he returned to Xew Hampshire to die. William H. Horr, M.D., wa? born at Lancaster, Coos Co., N. H., July 3, 1845. He commenced the study of medicine with his brother. Dr. O. A. Horr, of Lewiston, Me., in September, 1867. In 1869 he was appointed assistant superintendent of the Maine State Reform School, at Cape Elizabetli, where he re- mained two years ; took the degree of medicine at Bowdoiu College in June, 1S72, and commenced prac- tice in Salmon Falls, November, 1872. He was in active practice in this place a little less than eight years. He died Oct. 21, 1881. Edwin D. Jaques, M.D., was born in Machias, Me., March 9, 1841, received his education at Wesleyan Seminary, Kent's Hill, Me., and graduated from Bowdoin Medical College June 8, 1869. He com- menced the practice of medicine in Norway, Me., and continued there one year ; came to the village of Salmon Falls, in this town, in June, 1869, and prac- ticed here until June, 1872, when he went to Boston, and for two years was connected with hospitals in that city. In the fall of 1874 he settled in South Berwick, Me., where he now is. George O. Robbins, M.D., was born in Lee, Mass., April 18, 1855, prepared for college at Thomaston Academy, in the State of Connecticut, entered Yale in 1872, and graduated in the class of 1876. Very soon after his graduation he entered Yale Medical College, and received his degree of M.D. from that institution in 1879. He first begun the practice of medicine in Alstead, in this State, some time in Octo- ber, 1879, remaining in that place until August, 1880, when he removed to Salmon Falls, where he is now located. William B. Mach, M.D., son of W. F. Mach, was born at Bellows Falls, Vt., Jan. 26, 1852, studied medicine with S. H. Currier, of Norwich, Vt., and Prof. C. P. Frost, of Hanover. He graduated from the Dartmouth Medical College in 1877, and settled in practice in Dover in 1878. He left Dover Aug. 5, 1880, and settled in practice in the village of Sal- mon Falls, in this town, where he now is. Besides the above-mentioned physicians were a few others who remained for a short time. They were Dr. Blake, 1856-57; Dr. Rowell, 1857-59; Dr. Mer- row, 1859-60. CHAPTER CI. ROLLIXSFORD.— (CoKhHued.) BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. Joseph Tate, known as "Master Tate,'' was a schoolmaster in Somersworth (that part now Rollins- ford). He had a peculiar trait of recording both public and private events, even to the disagreements and family jars of his neighbors or acquaintances. It is said that some of his records were lost by the burning of a dwelling-house, where they were de- posited. The volume extant is probably his first. It is headed " Names of Families, Children's Names, and time of birth iu the Town of Somersworth, March ye 26th, 1767." It gives prior dates of births of children in the families then resident there, and continues until 1778, and iu the space given to his own family in this volume dates of births are continued to 1786. The volume contains also " Memorandums of Sun- dry things, viz. : Deaths, Marriages, Disasters, etc." There are interspersed extracts from periodicals, sta- tistics, receipts, notices of current events, etc. The ROLLINSFORD. CG5 book is very curious and valuable, and is now owned by Mrs. George F. Rollins, of Dover. A copy of the same is kept and carefully preserved by the town of Eollinsford. This volume has been the means of giv- ing valuable information on subjects that could not have been obtained from any other source. "Master Tate" lived by the Salmon Falls River, about fifty rods below the lower mill. When he was born or when he died is not now definitely known. Dr. Moses Carr was born in Newbury, Mass., Nov. 25, 1715. He came to reside in this town when quite ayoung man ; practiced medicine here for sixty years, and for that time was the only resident physician. He is spoken of as having been a careful, prudent, and skill- ful practitioner. He was judge of the court of Com- mon Pleas from 1776 to 1784, and died March 30, 1800. James Carr, better known as " Col. Carr," son of Moses Carr, was born in Somersworth, now Rollins- ford, April 22, 1748. In 1777 he served his country as captain of a company in the Second New Hamp- shire Regiment, commanded by Col. Nathan Hale, of Rindge. On the retreat from Ticonderoga, in July, Col. Hale's regiment was ordered to cover the rear of the invalids, and fell some six or seven miles in the rear of the army. On the morning of July 7th it was attacked by an advanced party of the enemy at Hub- bardton, and suffered great loss. At this place the colonel, Capt. Carr, two other officers, and one hun- dred men were taken prisoners. After the war was over he was appointed high sheriflT for his county, which office he held for many years. He died in Somersworth (now Eollinsford), March 11, 1829. On the brow of RoUinsford Hill, overlooking the Salmon Falls River and the bridge to South Berwick, Me., is the old Lord estate. The family mansion is an interesting structure, ample and roomy, of that old-fashioned type suggestive of "free-hearted hospi- tality" and "ye goode olde times." It is nearly square, and is surmounted by a single huge chimney rising from its centre. Overhanging the house, which is more than a hundred years old, is a stately elm, one of the oldest and largest in the country. The land of the estate sweeps down the hill to the river, whose shore it follows for a considerable distance. The man- sion faces eastward, and looks over the valley of the Salmon Falls upon the opposite town, South Berwick, Me., on the east bank of the river, and upon the famous Berwick Academy, a noted seat of learning, and an important factor in the advancement of its own and the neighboring towns. The dwelling is at present occupied by Mrs. Maria Lord, a lady of eighty-six years of age, widow of the late Edwin Parks Stanhope Lord. With her are two daughters and a granddaughter. Mr. Lord was born in 1794, and died in 1880. He was the son of Capt. Nathan Lord, of whom is told a story illustra- tive of Yankee pluck, which is sacredly handed down from generation to generation, and of which the family is justly proud. The following is a brief sketch of Nathan Lord's career, serving merely to introduce the story : Capt. Nathan Lord, son of Gen. Lord, was born in the old Gen. Lord house. South Berwick, Me., in 1760. He died in 1808. At sixteen years of age he entered the army. He went in a company from Ber- wick, under Gen. Sullivan, to Ticonderoga. While a lieutenant he and one of his comrades were taken prisoners by the Indians, tied to a tree, and about to be shot, when an English officer came along, paid their ransom, and thus saved their lives. This officer's name was James Edward Parks Stanhope, for whom, in grateful remembrance. Lord afterwards named his son, the late E. P. S. Lord. Nathan Lord afterwards sailed from Portsmouth, N. H., on the " Ranger," under Paul Jones, and was in several naval engagements, being finally taken prisoner by the English. He was a prisoner on an English war-vessel on which was George the Fourth, then a young man. The young prince being very smart at boxing, challenged any one on board to box with him. He found no one who had the courage to face him until he approached the American prisoners, and here he met his match. Young Lord stepped from the group of prisoners out upon the deck, accepted the challenge, and whipped the young prince soundly till he cried "enough." The English prince was so well pleased with his skill and daring that he after- wards paid him great attetinon, and on their arrival in port gave him his liberty, and soon sent him home, passage free. John Pike, son of the Rev. James, was born at Somersworth (now RoUinsford), March 11, 1747. He inherited his father's homestead, and there passed his life. He was town clerk thirteen years; was one of the selectmen many times. He was a practical surveyor of land, and there were but few farms for many miles around whose area he had not calculated. ■ He was employed at one time by the selectmen of tlie town of Somersworth to make an accurate survey of that town and a complete map of the same. These duties he performed to the satisfaction of all con- cerned. Capt. Ebenezer Richer was born in that part of Somersworth which subsequently became Rollins- ford ; was master of a ship for many years, and made many successful voyages to the East Indies, by which he acquired considerable wealth. He built and lived in the residence now occupied by Judge Doe. After retiring from the sea he passed the remainder of his days in overseeing and managing his farm and per- forming the duties of trust which were frequently con- ferred upon him. He died Nov. 3, 1815, aged seventy- four years. Amos Wallingford, son of Ebenezer Wallingford, was born in this town March 6, 1762, and during life made it his place of residence. He was a distinguished achool-teacher, and was 666 HISTORY OF STE AFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. known for years as "Master Wallingford." Many offices of trust were conferred upon him. He was town clerk of Somersworth for twenty-one years ; was often one of the selectmen of the town. He died Jan. 10, 1837. Joseph Doe, the father of Charles Doe, the present chief justice of the State of New Hampshire, was born at Xewmarket, Nov. 15, 1776. He took up his resi- dence in this town when a young man, and married a daughter of Capt. Ebenezer Richie. After residing here several years he removed to Derry, in this State, but remained there only a short time, when he again returned to this town, and made it his place of resi- dence till his death, Feb. 28, 1860. He lived in the house now owned and occupied by Judge Doe, was a large land-owner and a successful farmer. Though not a professional lawyer, he wrote many legal docu- ments, and was often consulted by his fellow-towns- men and others on matters of importance, and gave such advice as often prevented much trouble and liti- gation. He filled many offices of trust, represented the town in the I^Tew Hampshire Legislature several times, was a man of powerful intellect, and one who exerted a controlling influence on the surrounding community. Hon. Ichabod Rollins resided in that part of Som- ersworth which was subsequently incorporated and named in honor of him, — RoUinsford. He was a member of the Revolutionary conventions at Exeter, April, May, and December, 1775 ; one of the com- mittee to prepare and bring into the convention a plan of ways and means for furnishing troops; was also a committee on supplies. On the 20th of June, 1775, he was sent in company with Hon. Timothy Walker, of Concord, a member of the committee of supplies, to ascertain the losses sustained at the battle of Bunker Hill by each of the officers and soldiers of the New Hampshire forces, and in behalf of the colony to make them compensation ; also to secure to them supplies, and advance a mouth's pay to such as had enlisted or might enlist in the Continental service. The action of the Provincial Congress upon the report subsequently made of their doings affords evidence that their doings were performed to their acceptance. Mr. Rollins was a member of the con- vention when it resolved itself, Jan. 5, 1776, into an independent State governnient, a delegate to the Legislature October, 1776, and the first judge of pro- bate under the new government, which office he held from 1776 to 1784. He was also a member of the executive council of New Hampshire in 1789. Judge Rollins, ;is well as his great-grandfather, was a slave- holder, but treated his slaves with the utmost kind- ness. He died Jan. 31, 1800. Nicholas Pike, son of the Rev. James, was also born in this town, Oct. 6, 1743. He graduated at Harvard in 1766, after which he taught school many years in York, Me. Having finished his labors there, as a teacher he took up a residence in Newburyport, Mass., where he remained till his death. It was there, iu 1778, that he completed and published that won- derful work known as Pike's Arithmetic, which for many years was extensively used as a text-book in our schools and colleges, and which at the present time is highly prized by every mathematical scholar of study and research. Copies of this work may now be found carefully preserved in most of the older colleges of the United States. He died Dec. 9, 1819. James Pike, grandson of Rev. James and son of John Pike, was born at Somersworth, now Rollins- ford, in the old home of his ancestors, March 26, 1777. For many years of his life he was a successful school- teacher, and at one time was assistant teacher to the sainted Payson. He was author of two spelling- books and a reader, all of which were well received by an impartial public, and were useful in their day. For many years of the latter part of his life he was blind. He died where he was born Sept. 19, 1842, aged sixty-five years. Andrew Rollins, a resident of the town, was born Oct. 29, 1770. He was wealthy, owning largely in real estate. He was a practical farmer ; was chosen to many offices of trust, representing his town in the State Legislature in 1816 and 1820. He won the con- fidence and esteem of all who knew him, and died March 13, 1832. Capt. Ichabod was the brother of Andrew. In the early part of his life he followed the sea; was cap- tain of a merchant ship, and Avas very successful in that capacity, but for many years before his death he quit the sea and retired to the home of his childhood, where he passed the remainder of his days. He was never married. He died November, 1843, aged sixty- one years. Paul Wentworth, known as " Col. Paul," lived in this town, at Salmon Falls, and built the dwelling- house now occupied by the family of the late John B. Wentworth. He was one of the wealthy men of the time, and the leading man in both church and State. He was a merchant and an extensive dealer in lum- ber, of which his mills at Salmon Falls sawed as much as those in any other portion of the country. The lumber was rafted down the river to Portsmouth, N. H., and thence .shipped to all parts of the world. His will, made in 1747 and now preserved, is considered one of the most valuable relics of the early Dover and Somersworth Wentworth families. He died June 24, 1748. Hon. William W. Rollins, son of Daniel Rollins, was born at the old homestead of Judge Ichabod Rol- lins, Feb. 15, 1794. He was a large landholder, and one of the most thrifty, energetic, and practical far- mers of the town. He was often elected to various town offices. He several times represented the town in the State Legislature, and was a member in the New Hampshire Senate in 1846. In 1870 he was elected a member of the New Hampshire Historical Society. He died at his residence in RoUinsford, Dec. 8, 1879. EOLLINSFORD. 667 John B. Wentwortli, son of Andrew Wontworth, was born Feb. 27, 1794. He lived in the old house built by hi.s father's father, — Col. Paul Wentworth. He was a member of the New Hampshire Legislature from 1833 to 1837, from 1846 to 1849, and in 1856, and in other years. He was a member of the convention called to revise the Constitution of New Hampshire. He died Nov. 3, 1869. George W. Roberts, son of Thomas Roberts, was born in this town, at the homestead of his father, September, 1798. When he was but twelve years old his father died, leaving a large farm, which he, witli what little assistance his mother could render, man- aged with prudence and skill. After tliis age he was through necessity denied the privilege of attending school, but through his eager desire to learn and his industry he acquired a sound practical education. He was chosen town clerk at an early age, and held that office twelve years, and was elected and served as one of the selectmen of the town as many more years. He was for some time town treasurer, was elected to represent the town in the Slate Legislature several times. After the death of Hiram R. Roberts he was chosen president of the Salmon Falls Bank, and also of the Eollinsford Savings-Bank. He retained the former of these offices until ISSl, and the latter he now holds. "Riverside," the estate of the late Hon. Samuel Hale, is a farm of many acres, pleasantly situated in the southeastern part of the town of Rollinsford. For a long distance the land sweeps along the cur- ving, picturesque shore of the Salmon Falls. The family mansion is nestled in a valley, surrounded on three sides by hills, and on the fourth and east side hy the river flowing at the foot of the land, across which are seen the wooded shores of Maine. On the wharf and overhanging the river is a giant old building, black with age, known as the "Store- House." The building is very strong, having been made in days when lumber was to be had in plenty, and the timber it contains would more than suffice to build a whole block of modern houses. It is square, four stories high, and fitted with a windlass and hatchways, by means of which merchandise was transferred to and from the packets lying below. The proprietor was a large ship-owner, living for- merly at Portsmouth, and had a line of vessels sail- ing to and from the Indies. The Indian goods brought to Portsmouth were then transferred to pack- ets, brought up the river, and stored in this great building, which served as a centre of distribution. The packets going down river carried return cargoes of cattle, hay, wool, and various other agricultural products. The late Hon. Samuel Hale was born at Barring- ton, in this county, and died at the old homestead in Rollinsford, December, 1869. He was a son of Judge Hale, of Barrington, and a grandson of Portsmouth's famous schoolmaster, Mayor Hale (Samuel). Those who knew him most intimately feel most deeply his loss. From his father and grandfather he inherited untiring energy and a love of letters. To these traits he added a tenderness almost womanly, an unfailing flow of spirits, and a temper of unbroken serenity. Entering Exeter Academy at the age of twelve years, among his companions there was the lamented Presi- dent Sparks, of Cambridge, with whom his friendship ceased but with his life. Nor did his interest in Ex- eter Academy ever decline, he liaving been a trustee of that institution for more than forty years. In 1817 he graduated from Bowdoin College with high honor, and immediately entered the Divinity School at Cambridge, where he pursued those studies in wliich he delighted through his entire life. His health, however, was such as not to allow him to enter the ministry, and through th'e advice of his physician he was constrained to enter upon the more active pursuits of life. Hon. Hiram R. Roberts.' Hall Roberts was born in this town Nov. 7, 1813. He graduated at Waterville College, now Colby Uni- versity. Taught the academy at Kennebunk, Me., for some years successfully. At one time he was a professor in an institution of learning in this State for many'years. After this he went to Concord, N. H., to live ; was there made president of the State Capital Bank, of that city. He died in Concord, Oct. 13, 1862. Hon. Edward H. Rollins ' was born in this town Oct. 3, 1824, and when a young man took up his residence in Concord, N. II. For several years past he has had a summer resi- dence in this town, which was burned a year ago, but another house has been erected to take its place, which Mr. Rollins will probably make his permanent abid- ing-place when his public duties will allow.\ He was cliosen United States senator in 1876, Hon. Samuel W. Rollins.' Col. Augustus W. Rollins.' Charles Doe, son of Joseph Doe, was born in Derry, of this State, April 11, 1830; entered college at the early age of fifteen, graduating from Dartmouth in the class of 1849. He studied law with Daniel M. Christie, of Dover, and soon after he was admitted to practice formed a law partnership with Charles W. Woodman, of that city, with whom he remained until the fall of 1859, when he was appointed associate jus- tice of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire. He remained a memberof that court for fifteen years, and until the law establishing the court was repealed in 1874. In 1876, upon the reorganization of the judi- ciary system of the State of New Hampshire, he was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court of this State, which office he still holds, thus having occupied the bench of the highest court of the State for twenty- 1 See biography clrfowbero. 668 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. two years, with the exception of two years, from 1874- 76. During his long experience upon the bench he has discharged the duties of judge with rare fidelity and to the entire satisfaction of the State. Upon a vacancy occurring in the Supreme Court of the United States his name was strongly urged as the fittest man in this section of the country to fill the vacancy. He lives in the house in which his father lived, built by Capt. Ebenezer Ricker, where his large and valuable law library is kept. And here, away from the noise and bustle of the busy city, and among quiet scenes, in which his pature so much delights, he can investi- gate the unsettled and knotty points of law, for which his profound and logical mind is so well adapted. CHAPTER CII. ROLLTNSFORD— ( Coi.fniiief/.) Ecclesiastical History — Congrpgational Cliui-ch — Episcopal Church — Congregational Church, Salmon Falls— The Methodist Society— Ro- man Catholic Church— Educational— Civil List— Town Clerk— Kep- reseutatives— Masonic — Odd-Fellows— Banks— G. A. K. This town, which originally consisted of but one parish, had, up to the year 1780, three houses of wor- ship, the first of which was erected in the year 1730, and was located a few rods southeast of the cemetery in this place, near the site where the school-house now stands. As the inhabitants of the town in- creased in numbers this house was found insuflScient to accommodate them, and the parish concluded to erect a larger and more commodious building, which was completed about the year 1777, and at that time the old church edifice was torn down. This new building had but just been completed when, in the year 1779, the history of the town records that a vio- lent thunder-storm arose, during which this new house was struck by lightning and consumed by fire ; its bell melted, and fell in a state of fusion. This calamity left the people without a house of worship- But not discouraged, they at once called a meeting of the parish, which unanimously voted to erect another house to the " worship of Almighty God," which was immediately commenced, and fully completed in the year 1780. This house was also consumed by fire, at the hands of an incendiary, May 1, 1848. For the last twenty years which it stood it was only occasion- ally used for a place of public worship. Rev. James Pike, the first minister of this parish, was born at Newbury, Mass., March 1, 1703. He graduated at Harvard College in 1725, in the same class with Dr. Mather Byles and Rev. Timothy Walker, first minister of Concord, N. H. He died the 19th of March, 1792, aged eighty-nine years, and in the sixty- fifth year of his ministry to the people. Immediately after his graduation from Harvard he taught the first grammar school which was ever taught in Berwick, Me. He preached his first sermon Oct. 23, 1726. He began to preach to the people of that part of Dover now known as Rollinsford Aug. 27, 1727, and was or- dained Oct. 28, 1730. He preached his last sermon Oct. 31, 1790. We find in the Congregational Journal, published in Concord, N. H., the 10th of January, 1850, the fol- lowing: "Near the junction of the Maine and Great Falls Railroad stands an ancient but well-preserved house, with three venerable elms in front. In that house lived and died the first minister of Somers- worth (now Rollinsford), and these elms were borne from the forests on his shoulder, and planted where they now stand by his hand." His parish was very large, extending throughout what is now Rollinsford and Somersworth, and it was his custom yearly to visit every home in the whole town, of whatever denomination or belief, and to tarry all night with the one at whose doorstep even- ing found him. The Quakers, so generally hated at that time, welcomed him with delight, and when the rising sun bade him journey on, the Quaker friend would say, " Friend Pike, I thank thee for this visit, and am happier for having seen thee." The interests of the people were so interwoven with his life and heart that at the time of the Revolution- ary war, when want and starvation stared so many in the face, he cut his then meagre salary down to the purse of his people, ^vhich amounted to about the value of eight bushels .of corn per year, and during the most trying period he would receive nothing from his parishioners, living from the income of his own farm, and ministering more, if possible, to the wants of his people. Hardly a legal document at that time was made out in any other handwriting than his own. When Whitefield came to this country he was the guest of this venerable divine, tarrying with him while he remained in the vicinity. A ludicrous instance of his settling disputes is handed down. He and a brother minister were out walking, and came upon two men who were fighting. The two divines conferred together as to the best way to part them and preserve the peace. They finally agreed that each should take one of the combatants and bear him away. The Rev. James unclinched his man and carried him ofi" upon his shoulder, struggling and kicking, and his brother minister did the same with the other disturber of the peace. Thus they broke up the fight. The Rev. James Pike was a very strong, athletic person, and in his full manhood ven- erable and imposing. Imbued with deep piety and a truly Christian spirit, his unselfish nature spent itself in working for the welfare of others. Nor did he cease his Christian work till age had laid its blight- ing hand upon his brow and the stately form was soon to be laid in its final resting place. Without a thought of fame, he worked in this locality for more than half a century, conscious that the talent of success is no- thing more than doing what you can do well, and EOLLINSFORD. 6(19 doing well whatever you are called upon to do. His funeral sermon was preached by the Kev. Moses Hemmenway, D.D.. and the text was Kev. xi. 10 : " Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life." Kev. James Pike was succeeded in his ministry by Kev. Pearson Thurston, who was ordained here Feb. 1, 1792, and who remained with the parish till Dec. 2, 1812. Some time in January of this year (1812) the parsonage-house in which he lived, together with his barn and stable, was consumed by fire. There was nothing saved from the devouring flames, not even the clothing of the family. The church records at this time were also destroyed. This was a heavy blow to the parish, and so crippled it that it never again flouri.shed as before. An eflfort, however, was made to rebuild the jsarsonage, but after putting up the frame the enterprise was abandoned, and it was left to decay. Mr. Thurston, comprehendingthe state of things,-at once asked a dismission from the parish, which was reluctantly granted. He was a graduate of Dart- mouth College, a man of good intellect, of true piety, and a strict Calvinist in his principles. He died Aug. 15, 1819. He was succeeded in his Christian labors by the Eev. Luke Spoffbrd, a man of average talents, and a true and self-sacrificing worker for his Master. The parish under his preaching seemed to revive a little, and they hoped to make him their permanent preacher, to go in and out before them, and break unto them the " bread of life ;" but, for some reason, he stayed with the people but a short time, when he was succeeded by the Rev. Mr. Blodgett, a truly good and pious man, but one not having enough of that quality in him which is requisite to build up a society, conse- quently his congregation became so small that he was unable to obtain a sufficient support, and he, though loving the people and beloved by them, felt it his duty to leave them and labor in another place. After this, for some time, the society had only occasional preaching from such ministers as they could obtain. About the year 1824, they united in giving Mr. Reu- ben Porter a call, which he accepted. He preached to the people for about two years, when the village of Great Falls began to grow and increase in numbers, so that they set up a meeting in that village, and gave Mr. Porter a call to preach to them there, which he accepted and went to Great Falls, leaving the people of this society again without a preacher. From this time they had no settled minister, and only occasional preaching. The church had for some time before this been growing more and more feeble, till in 1827 it had but five members, and in 1829 but two. Though the office of tithingman, which was con- sidered indispensable to good order in churches in earlier times, has been entirely dispensed with, yet as late as about the year 1780 one John Ervin, an apprentice, who committed some misdemeanor in the church, was arrested by this important func- tionary of church discipline, brought near this meet- ing-house in which he had sinned, and there placed in the " stocks" prepared for such offenders for the space of one hour. To make the act still more im- pressive, the school was dismissed, and the children, led by their teacher, were marched to witness the scene of punishment, that their young minds might be im- pressed with the solemn truth, that "the way of the transgressor is hard." The Episcopal Church. — The origin of the Epis- copal Church is to be traced to a communication from the Rev. Henry Blackaller, then preaching at Great Falls, to J. W. Pierce, agent of the woolen-mills at the village of Salmon Falls, desiring to know if an occasional lecture on the Sabbath evening would be acceptable. This was in April, 1830. Encouragement being given, an arrangement was soon effected by which alternate services with a neighboring minister were held at a hall of a boarding-house. This was kept up until December, when Mr. Blackaller, having finished with his duties at Great Falls, was invited to take the charge as rector of this parish. Arrange- ments were immediately entered into to support a permanent ministry and raise an edifice for the pur- poses of worship. The parish was organized into an Episcopal Society, to be governed by the doctrine and discipline of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States, in February, by designation of "Christ Church." After Mr. Blackaller took charge of the church, ser- vices were regularly performed in a room of the factory until July 17th, when the new building was completed. The edifice was dedicated July 24, 1830, with appro- priate ceremonies. Mr. Blackaller continued to preach here until April 8, 1833, when, at his own request, he was dismissed. He was followed by Rev. Francis A. Foxcroft, who was engaged only temporarily, and was connected with the church only about two months. The Rev. Samuel McBurney took charge of the pas- torate Aug. 10, 1833, and continued one year. The cause of his leaving, as stated in the record of the church, "was in consequence of the destruction of the factory by fire on the 7th instant, from which cause so large a portion of tjie parish have removed from the village that the remainder were unable to give him an adequate support." Afterthis, Mr. J.W. Pierce, warden of the church, read prayers and sermons until he left town, in the latter part of the year 1835. After this for about a year the church was closed, but was opened again upon Mr. Pierce's return to town, when he re- sumed the reading of the services, and continued so to do until Aug. 19, 1838, when he again left the place. Rev. Mr. Newton E. Marble took charge of the parish June 1, 1845. At this time the factory had been rebuilt and a new population was gathered in. He continued as rector until Feb. 28, 1846. Since that period a very few services at irregular intervals 670 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. have been held, but at the present time the society is very small, and but few of the communicants of the church now survive. The Congregational Society.— A few persons, in- habitants of the village of Salmon Falls, having as- sembled Jan. 3, 1846, to consider the expediency of forming an ecclesiastical society of the Congrega- tional order, unanimously resolved "that the inter- ests of religion and good morals in our village require the organization of such a society," and appointed a committee to prepare a constitution. At an adjourned meeting, January 9th, the society was duly organized. Rev. B. L. Swan was immediately engaged to preach three months. In April following, Mr. Samuel J. Spalding was en- gaged to preach the remainder of the year. In the same month incipient steps were taken towards form- ing a church, which was organized May 1, 1846, by an ecclesiastical council convened for the purpose, and consisting of fourteen members. Mr. Spalding having received a unanimous invita- tion to become the pastor of this church and society, was ordained and installed Oct. 28, 1846. At a meeting of the church April 20, 1849, the-sub- ject of building a house of worship was considered, and a committee appointed to procure by subscription the funds necessary for the purpose. At a subsequent meeting a report favorable to the enterprise was pre- sented, and a committee appointed to contract for and superintend the erection of the house, which was com- pleted in the spring of the following year, and dedi- cated to the worship of God May 1, 1850. Rev. Mr. Spalding having received an invitation to become the pastor of the Whitefleld Congregational Church in Newburyport, Mass., his pastoral relation to this church and society was dissolved June 9, 1851. During the pastorate of Mr. Spalding the church very emphatically condemned the sin of slavery by the following resolutions read and adopted Feb. 25, 1848: " Whekeas, The practice of buying, selling, and holding men as property has become prevalent among ministers and members of churches heretofore ac- knowledged and fellowshiped as evangelical, and whereas we are taught in the word of God that ' he that stealeth a man and selleth him, or if he be found in his hands, is a man-stealer,' therefore " Resolved, That we believe slavery to be not only an evil, but a sin in the sight of God, and that the system under every modification is utterly opposed to the spirit and principles of the gospel. " Resolved, That we deem it the duty of every Chris- tian in the meekness and spirit of the gospel to plead the cause of the poor, to remember in their prayers ' those that are in bonds as bound with them,' and by all moral and proper means seek to hasten the entire removal of the system from our land. "Resolved, That we can have no Christian or min- isterial fellowship with those who hold their fellow- men as property or advocate slavebolding as either just or right in the sight of God." On March 14, 1851, a letter of dismission and rec- ommendation was requested by a member to unite with a church in Milledgeville,Ga. It was not gran ted, because the pastor and the elders and many members of the church were slaveholders. List of ministers and length of time they were connected with the church: S. J. Spalding, April, 1846, to June 9, 1851; E. E. Atwater, Feb. 3, 1852, to Nov. 3, 1857; D. B. Bradford, August, 1858, to March 25, 1862; F. S. Robie, Feb. 6, 1866, to June 6, 1870; Selah Merrill, June 6, 1870, to , 1874; George W. Christie, June, 1878, to March, 1880; R. G. Woodbridge, August, 1880, to present time. Rev. Ezra Haskell preached many Sundays between 1872 and 1877, and Rev. A. H.' Quint from Dec. 17, 1877, to June 31, 1878. The Methodist Society.— The Methodist Society was organized at the village of Salmon Falls, Aug. 8, 1849, with twenty-four members, and the following board of stewards: Thomas Foye, J. W. Worster, Fos- ter Wilson, Orange Page, Amasa Fitch, N. G. Clary, and R. C. Fernald. The society never erected a church building, but for the first year or two held the ser- vices, most of the time, in the village hall, after which in the Episcopal Church building until about the year 1862, when the war so prostrated business and so many families left the place that it was thought best not to supply the pulpit an}' longer, but to unite with the Congregational Society in their house for worship. The different pastors who were connected with this church were Henry Drew, who supplied the pulpit from time of organization to January, 1851 ; Rev. J. Thurston, from July, 1852, to some time in the year 1853, when he was followed by Rev. Samuel Beedlc. Rev. Byron Mark was pastor in 1854 and 1855. Rev. Silas Green was stationed at this parish in 1856, and Rev. Eleazer Smith filled the pulpit from 1857 to 1859, when he left to take the position as chaplain in the New Hampshire State prison. After his depart- ure the Rev. Simeon P. Heath was placed in charge of the pastorate for two years, and in 1861, Rev. J. B. Holman, the last preacher the society had, was settled over the parish for one year. Catholic Society.— In 1857 a Catholic Church edifice wag erected in the village of Salmon Falls, very near the passenger station of .-the Boston and Maine Railroad. Before this time there was no Catholic Church nearer than Dover, N. H., and many Catholics from this town attended worship in that city. But some time during the above-mentioned year a large brick church was completed, and regular services performed therein. The cost of the church was about ten thousand dollars. The number of Catholics then attending was about six hundred. Rev. Michael Lucy was the first priest, and he re- mained until 1865. He had under his charge also ROLLINSFORD. 671 the Catholics in Great Falls, and preached at differ- ent times each Sunday to both congregations. He afterwards went to Lewiston, Me., and about three years ago died in Exeter, N. H. He was succeeded by the Eev.. Patrick Canovan, who had charge of the church till 1870. He is now in Ireland. From this time till 1873, Rev. John Sullivan officiated as priest. Then for the short space of three months Eev. Wil- liam Herbert was the religious head of this people. Since that time up to the present the church has had for its spiritual director the Rev. Francis X. Bowvier, a man of acknowledged ability and learning, and re- spected alike by his own people and by all who knew him. A parochial residence was purchased on South Street, in Salmon Falls, in 1871, at an expense of three thousand two hundred dollars. In 1876 the church was repaired and refitted throughout, at an expense of between three and four thousand dollars. There are now of those Catholics who attend church in this town about thirteen hundred, many of them coming from across the river from Maine. The greater portion of these are French. Eollinsford is divided into five school districts. Before 1873 it had six, but at that time it was thought best to unite two of the districts in one. District So. 1 is in the village of Salmon Falls, and is incorporated under what is called the " Somers- worth Act," raising by special tax an additional sura than that provided by the town for its school pur- poses, and having a special board of supervisors elected by the voters of the district. It has four grades of schools, and all are in a prosperous con- dition. The school buildings throughout the town, with the exception of one, are good houses, and well adapted for school purposes. P. S. Brown, Charles Malloy, and Albert Morton are the present super- visors of District No. 1, and Amos W. Pike is super- visor of the districts in the old part of tlie town, which official position he has held at different times since the town was incorporated, about twenty-five years. ; Salmon Falls Lodge, No. 30, I. 0. of 0. F. was instituted by Grand Master Timothy G. Senter, as- sisted by other grand officers of the Grand Lodge of | New Hampshire, Sept. 5, 1849, with ten charter mem- bers, viz.: Samuel Hidden, Robert C. Fernald, Wil- liam W. Twing, Charles S. Fogg, John Baitt, Mas- terson Young, Joseph Yealon, Thomas H. Card, Nathan Guild, and Ebenezer Worster. | The first officers of the lodge were as follows: Charles S. Fogg, N. G. ; Jonathan F. Worster, V. G. ; Nathan G. Clay, Eec. Sec. ; Ebenezer Worster, Treas. There has been received one hundred and forty mem- bers in all up to Jan. 1, 1882. Whole number of members in good standing, Jan. 1, 1882, is sixty- six. The organization has an invested fund of about two thousand dollars to be used for the relief of the sick, etc. The lodge has held regular weekly meetings from its organization. Officers elected for tlie term begin- ning Jan. 1, 1882: Charles A. Goodwin, N. G. ; Ed- win P. Farnham, V. G. ; James M. Brown, Sec. ; Robert C. Fernald, Treas. Masonic. — The first meeting of Granite Lodge, No. 05, F. and A. M., was held March 2d, A. L. 5858, A. D. 1858. A charter from the Grand Lodge was granted June 0, A. L. 5858,— A. D. 1858. The first election of offi- cers took place June 29, A. L. 6858,— A. D. 1858. The lodge was constituted, consecrated, and its officers in- stalled in ample form July 27, A. L. 5858, — A. D. 1858. The following brothers have served as Masters since that time: 1858-59, Elisha E. Dodge; 1860-64, in- clusive, William AV. Litchfield ; 1865, James W. Averhili; 1866, William W. Litchfield; 1867-68, J. B. Linscott; 1869, William Webster; 1870-71, James G. White ; 1872, James Hamilton; 1873, William P. Bradford ; 1874-75, Charles C. Norton ; 1876, Abram G.Haley; 1877, Charles Malloy ; 1878-81, inclusive, J. (J. A. Wentworth. Present officers, June, 1882 : W. M., Charles Malloy ; S. W., Samuel Hale; J. W., Edward E. Nowell ; Treas., Charles C. Norton; Sec, Nathan Hill; S. D., A. P. Home ; J. D., Frank T. Brown ; S. S., H. E. Hamilton; J. S., George F. Annis; Chap., H. H. Warren; Marshall, J. B. Linscott ; Tyler, William H. Wilkins. Representative to Grand Lodge, J. Q. A. Wentworth. Present number of members, seventy- seven. List of Town Ci.Er.KS and lirntESENTAXiVES. Town Clerks. liepresentrttives. 18491 Joliii O. Vilic. 185U John G. Pike. Jolin E. Tyler. 1851 Julm G. J'ike. Joliii E. T\ler. IHb-i lolHi G. Pike. Aiiiob W. Pike. 185.3 William H. Morton. Amos W. Pike. 18,»i4 William 11. Morton. Williiun W. Kullins. 1855 Willlatii ii. Morton. J. Smitli Ko&s. Isr.O William H. Morton. J. B. Wenlworlli. lh,',7 William 11. Morton. George W. Huberts. 1858 William II. Slorton. Geoige W. Jioiierts. 1859 William 11. Morton. Cliaik-s Mallii.v. 18(iii William II. Morion. Elislni K. Dodge. 1801 William H. Morton. None sent. 381)2 William 11 Morton, None sent. 18(i.i! ■\Villiam 11. Rloiton. Glial les K. Wood. 18(i4 William 11. Morton. CliailesE. Wood. 1805 William H. Morton. Andrew llollins. isiiij William II, .Mnrton, Andrew liollins, ]S07 Williiini H Morton. Rolieit U. Fei nald. ]8(i8 William II. Morton. Itoljert C. leriiald. ]8li'.l \\ illiain 11 Morton. Angiistiia W. Itullins. Iy7() William H. Morton. Kranklm U. Wliitehonse. 187L \^ illiani 11. Morton, Tem|ili! I. old. 1872.,,,.,. ^\'illillm H. Morton. Temple Lord. 187:i William II. Morton. TuOias Giiivin. 1874 William II, Morton. Tobias Giirvin. 1875 W lUiam II. Morton. Jeremiah B. Linscott. 1870 William II. Morton. Jereiiiiali B. Linseott. 1877 William II, Morton. Joslina CoiiveiBc. 1878 '. William 11. Morton. Joshua Converse, 1879 AVilliam H, Morton. Nathan D. Chapman. 1880 William II. Morton. Nathan D. Chapman. 1881 William II, Morton. Samuel Hale. 1882 William U. Morton. Samuel Hale. I Town separated from SomcrBwortli too late in season to elect a I'ep' rcseiitntive for this year. 672 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Banks. — There are two banks in town, — the Salmon Falls Bank and the Eollinsford Savings-Bank,— both of which are located in the village of Salmon Falls. The Salmon Falls Bank is a State bank, and was incorporated July 3, 1851, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars, divided into five hundred shares of one hundred dollars each. The first meeting was held Sept. 15, 1851. William H. Morton was chosen cashier, and has held that office to the present time. The directors first chosen were Hiram E. Eoberts, Augustus Eollins, Pliney Lawton, Samuel Hidden, John Tyler, Humphrey S. Watson, and Oliver Lord. This bank went into operation on the 1st day of Jan- uary, 1852. The Eollinsford Savings-Bank commenced oper- ations in July, 1850. Hon. H. E. Eoberts was chosen president, and Joseph Doe and Pliney Lawton vice- presidents. Francis Plumer, William H. Morton, John Woodman, Horace Barber, Eobert C. Fernald, and Charles T. Stewart were chosen trustees. Justus D. Watson was chosen secretary and treasurer. In 1855, William H. Morton was chosen secretary and treasurer, and he has continuously held these offices of trust to the present time. When he assumed these duties the deposits were removed to the new bank building just erected. On July 1, 1855, the deposits were $70,463, and in July, 1877, were the greatest amount of deposits ever in the bank, amounting nearly to $800,000. During the following winter, owing to the general deprecia- tion in the money market and the failure of Western securities, the bank commissioners ordered the de- posits to be cut down twenty-five per cent., which was done. But since that time the bank has so pros- pered as to be able in a very short time to make up the twenty-five per cent, which the depositors lost by this operation. The Grand Army of the Republic have an organi- zation in this town under the name of " Samuel Hale Post, No. 21." A post was organized here shortly after the war, but was kept alive only a few years, when its charter was surrendered. It was reorganized March 22, 1880, with the following officers for that year: Commander, Ezra H. Wheeler; Senior Vice- Commander, Augustus P. Home ; Junior Vice-Com- mander, William H. Aspinwall ; and with forty com- rades. Officers for 1881 were : Commander, Augustus P. Home; Senior Vice-Commander, William H. As- pinwall; Junior Vice-Commander, Charles A. Good- win. Officers for 1882 are: Commander, Charles A. Goodwin ; SeniorVice-Commander, Albert H. Eicher; Junior Vice-Commander, William Clements. The present number of comrades is twenty-five. Old Soldiers.— There is extant a " True list of all the Training Soldiers In the Parish of Somersworth Under the command of Thomas Wallingford Capt &e.," July 23, 1746. Among those enumerated who lived in that part of the parish which is now Eollins- ford are the above-named Thomas AVallingford, Sergt. John Eicher, Sergt. Phillip Stackpole, Sergt. William AVentworth, Ebenezer Wentworth, Joseph Wentworth, Benjamin Wentworth, Ephraim Eich- ers, Meturin Eichers, Abram Mimmey, Samuel Noch, Henry Noch, Thomas Tibbets, Jr., Ezekiel Wentworth, Ebenezer Eoberts, Thomas Wentworth, George Eichers, Sr., Eobert Cole, James Clements, Moses Tibbets, Samuel Wentworth, George Eichers, Jr., Samuel Wentworth, Jr., Nath. Noch, Jonathan Merrow, John Wentworth, Hatevil Eoberts, Benja- min Eoberts, Drisco Noch, William Stackpole, Joseph Varney, Elisha Crommel, James Stackpole, Eichard Phillpot, Samuel Waymoth (tithing man of the parish), James Noch, Love Eoberts, Jr., John Eichers, Jr., Benjamin Warren, Samuel Eoberts, Francis Eoberts, Ebenezer Eoberts, Jr., Job Cle- ments, Marke Wentworth, William Chadwick. Military Record, 1861-65.— The following is a list of the men mustered into the United States ser- vice under the call of July 2, 1862, and subsequent calls, and assigned to the quota of Eollinsford, and to whom the town paid bounties, and was reimbursed in part by the amount affixed to each name, as awarded by the commissioners for the reimbursement of municipal war expenditures, appointed by the Legislature under the act of July, 1870 and 1871. The commissioners took no cognizance of men who enlisted and were mustered in previous to the said call of July 2, 1862.' Jolin D. Mahoiiy, Co. A, 4tli Eegt. ; Feb. 10, 18C1; ro-enlisted. Chnrles E. Colcurcl, Co. C, 4lli Kcgt.; F<-b. 17,18lj4: re-eullBted. Daniel Murray, Co. K, 6lh Kegt.; Dec. 7, 1863. August L. Litchfield, Co. F, 7th Kegt.; Feb. 28, 1804; re-eiilisted. Tatrick H. Mnguire, Co. F, 7th Kegt. ; Feb. 29, 1864 ; re-cnli^ted. Peter W. Morandy, Co. F, 7th Regt.; Fob. 20, 1864; re-eiill-ted. Web.^tcr Miller, Cn. F, 7tli Kegt, ; Fel.. 20, 1864 ; re-enli»ted. Thomas Ford, Co. F, 7th Kegt.; Feb. 20, 1864; re-olilisted, James Murphy, Co. I, 7lh liegt; Feb. 2S, 1864 ; re-euUsteJ. Enoch Tebbets, Co. C, Otli Eegt.; Dec. 7, 186:). Albeit H. Perliins, Co. C, 0th Eegt. ; Dec. 8, 1863. AlbanoiB Worsler, Co. C, !ith Kegt.; Dec. 8, 1803, Michael Hogan, Co. F, 10th Kegt. ; Sept. 16,180.;. James O'Brieil. Co. F, 10th Kegt.; Sept. 16, 1802. John Liddon, Co. F, lOlh Kegt.; Sept. 18, 1862. John Handliu, Co. F, loth Eegt.; Sept. 16, 1862. ratiick Crogcr, Co. I, loth Keirt. ; Aug. 20, 1862. Henry Downing, Co. I, 10th Kegt ; Aug. 4, 1802. Charles W. Abbott, Co. K, loth Eegt; Sept. 1,1802. James Coulter, Co. I, 10th Itogt. ; Aug. 23, 1862. Henry Kedan, Co. IS, lltli Kegt.; Dec. 18, 186.3. Frauk Davi™, Co. B, llth Kegt. ; July 29, 1864. James McClnnoy, Co. D, lidlli Eegt.; Dec. 11, IS63. Thomas O'Brien, Co. D, 121h Eegt.; Dec. 11, 1863. Tliomas Kingley, Co. D, 121h Kegt.; Dec. 11, 1803. Benjamin Williams, Co. D, IJlh Kegt; Dec. 11, 1863. Thomas Donley, Co. D, IJth Kegt ; Dec. 11, 1863. William Davis, Co. D, 12lh Eegt. ; Dec. 11, 1803. Alonzo E Curtis Co. D, Olh Kegt.; July 30. 1804. James Dorrity, Co. D, 0th Kegt.; July 30, 1804. Edward Flannigan, Co. 1), Otli Kegt. ; July 30, 1804. James Thompson, Co. D, 0th Kegt; July 30, 1804. George B, Brown, Co. D, 0th Kegt; July 20, 1864. Joseph Wentworth, Co. D, Olh Kegt.; July 26, 1864. Michael McLaughlin, Co. D, Otli Eegt. ; July 28, 1804. James M. Thompson, Co. B, 13th Kcgt; Sept 18, lSli2. ' The date given is the date of muster. ait,' IT J. i3Fi\ ^^^/'^'^^C^^c ^y. EOLLTNSFORD. 673 George F. Shedd, Co. B, 13lh Bcgt. ; Sept. 18, 18C2. .lames M. Pierce, Co. B, 13th Regt.; Sept. 18, 1862. Levi J. Bradley, Co. B, 13tli Uegt.; Sept. 18, 1802. Jolin M. Bore, Co. B, 13th Eegt.; Sept. 18, 1602. N. B. Chapman, Co. B, 13th Uegt.; Sept. 18, 1862. William H. Sytlies, Co. B, IStli Begt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. AlWon K. B. Shaw, Co. B, 13th Kegt. ; Sept. 18, 1862. William H. Asplnivall, Co. B, 13th llegt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. CliaileB S. Avorill, Co. B, ISth Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. IiK A. Bedell, Co. B, 13th Kegt.; Sept. 18, 1802. DiivlJ W. Bodge, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. lilcliaia Doherly, Co. B, 13th Kegt.; Sept. 18, 1862. Johu Drew, Co. B, 13th Kegt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. John A. Dawson, Co. B, 13th Kegt. ; Sept. 18, 1862. Franklin Grant, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. Charles E. Hartford, Co. B, 13th Regt.; Sept. 18, 1862. Jam s 0. Hanscom, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1862. Julin Hanscom, Co. B, 13th Regt.; Sept. 18, 1802. James F. Hayes, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. llavld Hodgdon, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1862. AUaun A. Lord, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1862. William B. Lord, Co. B, 13tli Regt.; Sept. 18, 1802. Jolm McKinsey, Co. B, 13lh Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. David McGruty, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 13, 1802. tliarles 11. C. Otis, Co. B, 13tli Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1862. "William C. Bowers, Co. B, 13th Regt.; Sept. 18, 1862. John Pcndham, Co. B, 13lh Regt.; Sept. 18,' 1862. Sniilh C. Page, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1862. William H. Peckliam, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sei)t. 18, 1802. Orrln liollins, Co. B, 13th Regt.; Sept. 18, 1862. Orelizo Rollins, Co. B, 13lh Kegt.; Sept. 18, 1862. Renl.eii Rand.ill, Co. B, 131h Kegt.; Sept. 18, 1802. W-iJIiam F. Staples, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. Cliiirles B. Saunders, Co. B, 13th Kegt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. Albert C. Thompson, Co. B, 13th Regt. ; Seiit. 18, 1802. Henry C. Willard, Co. B, 13th Regt.; Sept. 18, 1802. Horatio U. Warren, Co. B, 13th Kegt. ; Sept. 18, 1602. Joseph Wiggin, Co. B, 13lh Regt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. Tliomas Wentworth, Co. B, 13th Kegt. ; Sept. 18, 1802. Elisha B. Dodge, capt. Co. B, l.Jlh Kegt. ; Sept. 27, 1862. Fniiik J. Conrson, Co.B, 1st Cav.'; March 28, 1864. Juaeph H. Cnrrior, Co. B, Ist Cav. ; March 25, 1804. Jamca McGregor, Co. B, 1st Cav. ; March 20, 1804. Nelson C. Eastman, Co. B, Ist CaT.; March 26, 1804. John S. Powers, Co. B, 1st Cav. ; March 28, 1804. George A. Webster, Co. I, 1st Cav.; March 23, 1804. George H. Steele, Co. K, 1st Cav.; March 18, 1804. Luke K. Russell, Co. G, H. Art. ; Sept. 4, 1864. Oilman Knight, Co. G, H. Art.; Sept. 4, 1864. Jolm H. Sanbern, V. K. C; Dec. 17, 1863. Cliailes N. Arlams, U. S. A. ; Feb. -J, 1864. Frank Stanley, Aug. 9, 1864. Kicliard Stanley, Aug. 0, 1864. William Dorman, Aug. 21, 1864. L'llarles Kerwin, Aug. 2, 1804. George Williams, Aug. 2, 1804. William L. Lane, Aug. 2, 1804. Aflioa W. Pike, Aug. 2, 1864 ; substitute. John O'Ncil, Aug. 17, 1804. James Sljarraclis, Sept. 8, 1804. Henry Hemp, Sept. 8, 1804. I'rank S. Mildraw, Sept. 0, 18U4. Pierce B. Buckley, Sept. 0, 1804. Lewis Gerowld, Sept. 0, 1804. TUomas Morrity, Sept. 7, 1804. Mitliael WedJen, Sept. 7, 1804. Itoliert Cair, Sept. 7, 1804. William Williams, Sept. 17, 1803. Charles Sniitli, July 3, 1803. Henry li. Pliilpot, Aug. 16, 1804. Jolin Drury, Aug. 10, 1804. Thomas Kearns, Aug. 12, 1864. George W. Brooks, September, 1803. Patrick O'Grady, September, 1803. G. J. Collager, September, 1803. Eicliard Proctor, September, 1803. Alexander G. Anderson, September, 1863. 43 .John Shepard, September, 1803. Samuel H. Rollins, May 6, 1803; substitute. Men who served four years 1 $133.34 " " " three rears 108 10,800,UU " " " one year 21)0.(10 *' " " two moMtlis 1 6.5.') Total S11,138.S9 FIRST REGIMENT VOLUNTEERS— T/irec Monllis. Georgo Guppey, 1st sergt. Co. A. MinotR. Bedell, Co. A. George Boucher, Co. A. Cliailes E. Colcord, Co. A. James Daniels, Co. A. Webstei- Miller, Co. A. Henry Nichols, Co. A. Ivory Play, Co. A. Georgo H. Robinson, Co. A. George R. Shapleigh, Co. A. Josiah Whitehouae, Co. A. George II. Jenkins, Corp. Co. B. George R. Downing, Co. B. Jones Reynolds, Co. B. Jacob W. Yeaton, Co. B. Lewis K. Litchlleld, Corp. Co. B. William Yeaton, Co. B. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. BARTHOLOMEW WENTWORTH. Prominent in the annals of this section of New England from its earliest .settlement to the present time, and thoroughly identified with its moral, reli- gious, and material development, stands the name of Wentworth, honored and respected. The family dates its ancestry in this country to Elder William Went- worth, who with Rev. John Wheelwright and thirty- three others formed a " combination for a government at Exeter, N. H.," Oct. 4, 1639. Bartholomew Wentworth, the subject of this me- moir, was the great-great-grandson of Elder William, and was born in the present town of Eollinsford, Jan. 7, 1788. Here he lived and died on the estate which for more than two hundred years had been in the possession of the Wentworth family. He was tlie twelfth child and seventh son in a family of fourteen children, ten of whom arrived at maturity. He was an active citizen of Rollinsford, and held various town ofiices, the duties of which he discharged with acceptability and credit. July 28, 1811, he united in marriage with Nancy, daughter of Capt. William and Sarah Roberts Hall, and their family consisted of the following : Arioch, who resides in Boston ; Catherine (deceased), married Charles Ela, of Dover; Ruth, wife of John B. Grif- fiths, of Durham ; William Hall is a resident of Cam- bridge, with business in Boston; Selucus (deceased) ; and Sally and Rebecca Ann live on the old home- stead. Bartholomew Wentworth was a son of Bartholomew and Ruth Hall Wentworth. His father died May 23, 1813, and his mother in January, 1840. Mrs. Weutworth's father was a descendant of Dea- con John Hall, who was the first of the name in this country, and came to Dover from England in about the year 1639. He was a man of prominence, and deacon of the first church in Dover for nearly forty years, while William Wentworth was an elder. He 674 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. was a selectman and also town clerk, holding the latter office sixteen years, closing with 1685. He died in about the year 1693 or 1694. Mrs. Wentworth was born April 12, 1793, and although now in her ninetieth year retains in a re- markable degree the vigor and elasticity of youth, and vividly relates scenes and incidents of " ye olden time." She resides on the old homestead with her daughters in the town of Eollinsford. HIRAM K. ROBERTS. Hiram E. Roberts was born in Somersworth (now Eollinsford), May 16, 1806. In 1820 his father died, leaving young Hiram the sole support of his widowed mother, whom he aided in the management of the farm and the maintenance of a family of younger children. Under these circumstances he was unable to gratify any desire he may have had for acquiring a liberal education ; but he made the most, however, of the advantages afforded by the district school, and also found opportunity to attend the academy at South Berwick, Me. He secured a good English education, and qualified himself for teaching in the common schools, which occupation he followed for several winters, when farm-work did not require his presence at home. After coming of age he purchased the interest of the other children in the farm, and set out in earnest upon his life-work as a thorough and successful farmer; and it is but justice to add that Judge Roberts became one of the leading agricul- turists in the State. The original homestead was settled by Judge Rob- erts' great-grandfather in 1743, and has since re- mained in the family. He was one of the organizers of the Strafford County Agricultural Society, and was its first president. He was also a member of the State .Board of Agriculture for Strafford County. Judge Roberts was never a politician in the general sense of the term, although strongly interested in pub- lic affairs and thoroughly identified with the Demo- cratic party, for whose success he always earnestly labored. He held the ofiice of selectman, represented the town in the Legislature in 1887, and in 1839 was appointed by Governor Page associate justice of the Court of Common Pleas for Strafford County, then embracing Strafford, Belknap, and Carroll Counties. He held this position thirteen years, and in 1852 he was appointed by Governor Martin to the ofiice of judge of probate, in which capacity he served until 1857. In 1875 he received the gubernatorial nomina- tion, and in one of the closest political contests ever known in this State he received the largest vote ever cast for a Democratic candidate for Governor of New Hampshire, there being no choice by the people, and the vote of his opponent, Governor Cheney, being less than two hundred greater than his ; but the Eepub- licans having secured a small majority in the Legis- lature elected their candidate. Judge Roberts was one of the incorporators of the Salmon Falls Bank and the Eollinsford Savings- Bank, and was president of both from their incorpo- ration until his death, and was a most skillful and judicious financier. He manifested a decided inter- est in educational matters, and was school superin- tending committee several years. He regarded the claims of morality and religion, and his life througli- out was a shining example of Christian faith and practice. For more than forty years he was a mem- ber of the Baptist Church at South Berwick, Me., and a large portion of that time superintendent of tlie Sabbath-school. In November, 1831, he united in marriage with Miss Euth Ham, daughter of John Ham, of Dover, and their family consisted of nine children, — John Hani, who resides on the old homestead ; Stephen, deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased ; Edward H., deceased ; Walter S. Hall, and Frank W., reside in Iowa ; Susan J., is the wife of Samuel H. Eollins of this town ; and Jo- seph Doe, who also is a resident of Eollinsford. Judge Eoberts was one of New Hampshire's most honored citizens, and his home was pre-eminently the abode of substantial New England comfort. His death occurred May 30, 1876, on the farm where he was born, and where several generations of the family had lived and died. HON. EDWARD II. ROLLINS.' The Eollins family is one of the oldest and most numerous in the State. In Southeastern New Hamp- shire, from the seaboard to Lake Winnipiseogee, the Eollins name is prominent in the history of almost every town. Most if not all the representatives of the name in this region, and among them the subject of this sketch, are the descendants of James RoUins [ox Rawlins, as the name was then and for a longtime after spelled, and is now by some branches of the family), who came to America in 1632, with the fir.-it settlers of Ipswich, Mass., and who, ten or twelve years afterwards, located in that portion of old Doverknown as "Bloody Point," now embraced in the town of New- ington, where he died about 1690. The representa- tives of the family suffered their full share in the privations and sacrifices incident to the firm estab- lishment of the colony, and performed generous pub- lic service in the early Indian and French wars and the great Revolutionary contest. Ichabod, the eldest son of James Rawlins, and of whom Edward H. is a lineal descendant, was waylaid and killed by a party of Indians while on the way from Dover to Oyster Eiver (now Durham), with one John Bnnker, May 22, 1707. Thomas, the second son of James, who subsequently became a resident of Exeter, was a member of the famous "dissolved Assembly" of 1683, who took up arms under Edward Gove and endeav- 1 By Hon. Dnnid IIiiU. //,. ''/(i,i5^'^^^^^V'-<^y2Jl^^ KOLLINSFORD. 679 ing Company's employ to learn the art of wool-sort- ing, where he remained four years. In 1834 the mills were destroyed by fire, and young Morton then went to Massachusetts, and commenced work in a woolen- mill at Grafton, where he remained about two years, and then engaged in the mercantile business in the same town. In 1842 he removed to Blackstone, Mass., and began trading, which he continued until 1845, when he returned to Salmon Falls, and opened a store in this town. He continued in the mercantile busi- ness here until the organization of the Salmon Falls Bank, in 1851, when he disposed of his business and became cashier of the bank, a position which he has held to the present time, a period of over thirty years. He was also one of the incorporators and trustees of the EoUinsford Savings-Bank, and has been its secre- tary and treasurer from its organization to the pres- ent time. Mr. Morton is one of the most active and influen- tial citizens of the town, and the confidence in which he is held by his fellow-townsmen is evidenced by the fact that he has held the ofiice of town treasurer since the incorporation of Rollinsford in 1849, clerk since 1853, and justice of the peace since 1857. He was also selectman of the town of Somersworth two years (before Rollinsford was set off), and has been select- man of Rollinsford three years. In all these various offices which he has been called upon to occupy, he has discharged the duties with eminent credit to him- self and to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. Politically he is a Republican, and attends the Con- gregational Church. In 1841 he united in marriage with Sarah P. Mer- riam, a native of Grafton, Mass., and their family con- sisted of three children, only one of whom is living, —Etta, widow of John Merriam. Mrs. Morton died in 1849, and in 1851 he married Armine Leavitt, a native of York, Me., and their family consisted of the following: Frederick H., deceased; William A., a resident of Portland, Me. ; and Sarah J., now attend- ing school at Exeter, N. H. Mr. Morton's second wife died in 1866, and in 1867 he united in marriage with Mary Shackford, a native of Portsmouth, N. H. JOSHUA CONVERSE. The Converse family traces its ancestry back to the sixteenth century. The original seat of the family was in Navarre, France, from whence was Roger de Coigniers, who emigrated to England near the end of the reign of William the Conqueror, and to whom the Bishop of Durham gave the constableship of Durham. Among his descendants, Conyers, of Horden, Dur- ham, was created a baronet July 14, 1628. Sir Humphry, the eighth generation, wrote the name Coigners, and Sir Christopher, the twentieth gener- ation, adopted the orthography of Conyers. In Navarre, in the sixteenth century, the residence of a family of this name was known as the Chateau de Coigniers. Those bearing the name were Hugue- nots, and in the massacre on St. Bartholomew's Day, in 1572, many of the family fell victims to the rage of the Papists, and Pierre Coigniers, who was at- tached to the court of Henry IV., of France, having witnessed the assassination of his kinsman, Admiral Colligney, and fearful of his own safety, escaped with •his wife and two infants to England, and settled in the county of Essex, where his son married a la'dy of considerable possessions in that and an adjoining county. It was Ralph, a son of this marriage, who was created a baronet by King Charles II. The name has passed thfough various modifications from Coigniers, Conyers, Convers, and Converse. The Converse family in this country dates its an- cestry to Deacon Edward Convers, or Converse, who arrived in New England in the fleet with Governor Winthrop, in 1630, and settled in Charlestown. Joshua Converse, the subject of this sketch, son of Joshua and Polly Piper Converse, was born in Rindge, N. H., June 15, 1813. In early life he engaged in the manufacture of cotton fabrics, and was superin- tendent of the Suffolk corporation, of Lowell, sev- eral years. In 1859 he removed to Salmon Falls, N. H., and accepted the appointment of agent, in which position he was eminently successful. While a resident of Lowell he was a member of the Mas- sachusetts Legislature, and of the common council and board of aldermen. He was a director and sub- sequent president of the Traders' and Mechanics' In- surance Company, a director of the Prescott Bank, and a trustee of the Lowell Five-Cent Savings-Bank, from the organization of these associations until he removed from Lowell. Since 1860 he has been a director of the Salmon Falls Bank, and vice-presi- dent of the Rollinsford Savings-Bank. In the dis- charge of these important trusts, and in the manage- ment of the business of an extensive manufacturing corporation, the ability and integrity of Mr. Converse have commanded the unqualified respect of his asso- ciates. In 1875, Mr. Converse purchased a tract of land on the eastern slope of Garrison Hill, and erected a residence and here intended to pass the remainder of his days in retirement. But haviag pursued an ac- tive life from an early day, he found inactivity irk- some, and so purchased a wharf in Dover, and es- tablished a lumber business. This business from a small beginning has increased from year to year until at the present time the annual sales amount to one hundred thousand dollars. In 1879, Charles C. Hobbs became associated with him, and the business is now conducted under the firm-name of Converse & Hobbs. Mr. Converse is one of the leading citizens of Rol- linsford, and represented that town in the Legislature in 1877 and 1878 ; Republican in politics. Oct. 18, 1835, he united in marriage with Jane B., daughter of Galen and Jane Barker Damon, and their family consisted of three children, a son and 680 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. two (laughters, only one of whom survives, — Mary Jane, wife of James A. Place, of South Berwick, Me. ; William Henry, and Josephine (deceased). ]Mrs. Converse died March 4, 18C8, and Aug. 30, 1869, he married H. Jennie Dearborn, daughter of Joseph and Harriet (Drew) Dearborn. WILLIAM R. GARVIN. The Garvin family date their ancestry in this coun- try to James Garvin, who came from Ireland and set- tled in what is now the town of Eollinsford in about the year 1700. He was a sea-captain and an active man of that day. He built a store at what is now known as the lower landing, where he sold West India goods. A son, Thomas, was the grandfather of the subject of this sketch. William R. Garvin, son of Samuel and Susan Rob- erts Garvin, was born on the premises he now occu- pies in the town of Rollinsford, March 15, 1830. His early education was obtained at the common schools, and he subsequently attended the Berwick Academy, and later we find him teaching school during the winter and working on the farm during the summer season. Reared on the farm, he soon manifested a laudable ambition to excel in agricultural pursuits, and he has kept pace with the progress of the age. He was an active member of the old agricultural society, and labored earnestly in its behalf Mr. Garvin has also manifested an interest in improving the stock of this region, and is known as a successful breeder of the celebrated Ayreshire cattle. System- atic, energetic, and possessed of progressive ideas, he ranks among the most successful agriculturists of the town of Rollinsford, well known as one of the best and most attractive agricultural sections in this old commonwealth. Mr. Garvin is ranked among the substantial citizens of the town, and has held the various town offices, such as selectman, school com- mittee, etc., and during the last election was the can- didate of his party for county commissioner. He is Democratic in politics, and an earnest advocate of the principles of that party. In religious matters he also takes a deep interest ; is a member of the Baptist Church at South Berwick, Me. ; is active in the Sab- bath-school, and for a long time was one of its officers. April 2, 1862, he united in marriage with Frances H. Yeaton, a native of Rollinsford, and their family consists of seven children, three sons and four daugh- ters,— Annie Bertha, Clara W., William R., Susie, Homer, Gertrude, and Samuel R. On his maternal side Mr. Garvin traces his lineage to the Wentworth family, his mother, Susan, born April 19, 1804, being the daughter of Deborah Went- Avorth Roberts, who was the daughter of Bartholomew and Ruth Hall Wentworth. Mrs. Garvin is a sister of the late Judge Hiram Roberts, of this town. Samuel, father of William R., was born in Rollins- ford, Sept. 12, 1804. LORENZO STACKPOLE. Lorenzo Stackpole is a descendant of Joshua Stack- pole ; married, in 1740, Lucy Baker; settled in Somersworth (now Eollinsford). His ancestors came from Sligo, Ireland, and they named that part of Somersworth where they settled Sligo, and the name clings to that locality to-day. Joshua's second wife was Abigail Hobbs. He was the father of thirteen children. Three of the first wife's sons were sea-captains at one time. Andrew was lost at sea. Tobias, the youngest son of the second wife, was born August, 1766, in Somersworth. He married, when in his twentieth year, Eunice Roberts. He settled in Somersworth, near St. Alban's Cove, on the banks of the Piscataqua. They had twelve children, eight lived and were married. Nearly all had chil- dren. Tobias Stackpole was a sea-captain. He died of a fever in his fifty-third year. Moses, the sixth child, married Nancy Leighton, of Somersworth. They settled in Somersworth, near Great Falls. They had three children, — Lorenzo, the eldest, was born Sept. 21, 1824. He married, Nov. 7, 1849, El- vira C. Wentworth, of Rollinsford (Rollinsford was taken from Somersworth, and incorporated July 3, 1849). They settled in South Berwick, Me. They had Annie Wentworth, born Dec. 10, 1850 ; Edgar C, born May 1, 1852, died Aug. 24, 1852. Lorenzo bought a farm in the lower part of Rol- linsford, near the home of his ancestors, moved there in July, 1858. He has made milk business a spec- ialty. Annie W. married, first, Joshua H. Lame, of New Jersey, July 6, 1869. He died Sept. 10, 1869; second, Bernhard Baer, of Germany, Jan. 3, 1872. They had Lorenzo E., born July 10, 1876, in Rollinsford. CHAPTER CIII. SOMERSWORTH.i Geographical — Topographical — First Settlements — lodian Depredations — Documentary History — War of the Revolution — Incorporation of the Parish — Names of Petitioners — Act passed in 1729 — Incoi-poration of Town — Names of Petitioners — Incorporation of Rollinsford — Som- ersworth " Army," 1746. The town of Somersworth lies in the southeastern part of Strafford County, and is bounded as follows : on the north by Rochester, on the east by Salmon Falls River, which separates it from Maine, on the south by Rollinsford and Dover, and on the west by Dover. The surface is rolling, and the soil generally fertile. 1 The editor acknowledges his indebtedness for much valuable assist- ance in the compilation of the history of this town to Joseph A. Stick- ney, Esq., and Mr. Edward 0. Lord. ^/M'TT-^ 0^.^t^€^y^^ SOMEKSWORTH. 681 The territory embraced within the present town of Somersworth was settled some time after Waldron began the settlement of Cocecho Lower Lalls (1640), probably about the year 1670, at or near Humphrey's (now Hussey's) Pond. The people gradually pushed farther and farther into the wilderness. The Heard family had commenced a clearing and built a garri- son northwest of Varney's (now Garrison) Hill. Others found their way still farther into the north of Dover, seldom going beyond two or three miles from a garrison-house, to which they could fly in time of peril. About 1675 a family settled two miles north of -Salmon Falls, on the Indigo Hill road, and tradi- tion says they built a garrison. During the earlier Indian wars Somersworth ex- perienced very little of the desolating effects that befell her other more populous neighbors. The In- dians roamed the country in small bands, and on their way to some larger community often attacked the lonely farm-houses lying in their track. George and Martin Kicker, Jabez Garland, and Gershum Downs are mentioned among those who fell victims to the prowling savages. Ebenezer Downs, a Quaker, living on Indigo Hill, who, like his brethren, refused to arm himself or seek protection from the savages, was captured, taken to Canada, and sold with a number of others. Around the camp-fires at night the Indians gathered, and for pastime brought forth their prisoners to dance. On their way to Canada, Friend Downs refused to gratify their desires, and consequently was subjected to ill usage. He was taken by the same band that captured the family of John Hanson, of Knox-Marsh, in Dover, and the following summer Mr. Hanson re- deemed his family, together with Mr. Downs. It was about 1750 that Andrew Horn came from Dover and purchased the land where Great Falls is now located, erected a house near the present site of the Boston and Maine Eailroad depot, and shortly afterwards a saw- and grist-mill at the falls. Those who had explored this region years before had re- turned with glowing accounts of the beauty of the scenery and of the magnificence of a fall, where the water dashed from ledge to ledge down a distance of a hundred feet or more, and from its being the largest on the Salmon Falls River they termed it the "great falls," hence the origin of the name of one of the most beautiful villages in New England. In 1772 a new meeting-house was ordered to be built, and a committee appointed " to see to ye Build- ing Thereof." (The reader must bear it in mind that the meeting-house, the '' training-lot," and the centre of business was by the graveyard, near the present location of Kollinsford Junction. For a more thorough account, see history of Eollinsford, in this work.) Among the men who took an active part in the public business of the town at that time were Hon. John Wentworth, Hon. Ichabod Rollins, Dr. Moses Carr (for many years town clerk), Lieut. Yea- ton, Joshua Roberts, Thomas Stackpole, Richard Philpot, and their beloved pastor. Rev. James Pike. From the conclusion of the French and Indian wars to the opening'of the Revolution the history of Somersworth was one of uninteresting progression. From a few scattering farms in a wilderness she had sprung up into a populous town. The first breath of wind that bore the news of the tyrannical acts of the mother-country to the hills of New Hampshire stirred the blood of the hitherto quiet people of Somersworth. The colonists had been cradled in warfare by their many bloody fights with the savages, and again the time had come that would test their courage, for their liberty, that was as dear as life, was at stake. Two delegates — John Wentworth and Ichabod Rollins — were elected by a general town-meeting to rep- resent the town in the provincial " Congress" at Exeter, and to unite with men from other towns in the State in sending a delegate to the General Con- gress then summoned at Philadelphia. Somersworth was requested to raise, by subscription or otherwise, four pounds, as her share of a fund to defray the ex- penses of the delegates to Philadelphia and back ; more than the amount required was subscribed in a short time. For the long struggle that followed Somersworth was found ready, and in it her full pro- portion of men and means was embarked. True, there were some who opposed the measures of the colonists, but they were usually overpowered. At one time a vote to give a bounty of six dollars to those who enlisted was defeated at a town-meeting, but soon after another meeting was called, and the vote passed by a large majority. Friday, April 21, 1775, nearly the whole population of the town gath- ered at their little meeting-house and " voted that twenty men immediately march from town to meet the enemy, and those who shall go shall have wages." We can imagine those twenty brave fellows gathered on the "training-lot," with tearful eyes, bidding their friends adieu, and we follow them with our mind's eye over the winding roads, — through Dover, through Durham, Newmarket, and Exeter, — and we see others grasping the musket and joining the ranks until it had swelled to hundreds, and we lose sight of them as they disappear in the smoke of the battle. After- wards the town voted ten dollars bounty; again, twenty dollars ; and still again, before the close of the war, thirty dollars were offered to those who would enlist. At those times of contracted currency these were very liberal sums. The town furnished more than fifty men during the war. Nothing worth recording occurred in Somersworth from the close of the Revolution to 1820. In this year Isaac Wendell came from Dover, built a mill, and began the manufacture of cotton goods. Three years after the Great Falls Manufacturing Company was incorporated the old mill was sold, torn down, and taken to Farmington. The new company under the direction of Mr. Wendell purchased a tract of 682 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ■land of Gershom Horn, erected several new mills, and commenced manufacturing cotton and woolen goods. At that time two houses only stood on the present site of Gfreat Falls. Incorporation of a Parish.— In 1729 the following petition was presented by the inhabitants in the north- eastern part of Dover for the formation of a new parish : To his Excellency William Burnet Esqr. Captain General and Governour in Oheif in and over his Majesties province of New Hamp"' the Honourable his Majesties Council and the Kepresentatives of the s* province in General Assembly Convened. The Petition of the Subscribers Inhabitants of the North East part of the Town of Dover, humbly shetveth — That the Dwelling places of yo' Petitioners are at a great distance from the houses of the Public Worship of God in the Town of Dover where your Petitioners live by which their attendance thereon is rendered very difficult more especially to the women and children of their families and that in the Winter Season and in Stormy weather So y' they cannot pay that Honour and Worship to God in publick as it is their hearts desire they could, therefore for the advancing the Interest of Religion and for the Ac- commodation of yo' Petitioners It is humbly prayed by them that Your Excellency and the Honourable Assembly will please to sett them off as a Parrish for the Maintaining the Public worship of God amongst themselves and that they be dismiss'd from the Town of Dover as to the Supporting of the Settled Minister there, And that the Bounds of that their Parish may begin at the Gulfs a place so called atCochecho river, and from thence to run to Varney's Hill and from thence the Town bounds on a North West point of thfe Compass & Your Petitioners Shall ever Pray as in duty bound &c Samuel Roberts John Roberts Paul Wentworth Samuel Randall Thomas Alden Samuel Cosen Elazer Wyer? ? Ricker Lowe Roberts Ephraim Ricker Jeremiah Rawlings Jos Ricker Silvanus Nock Joshua Roberts James Hales John Hall Thomas Hobbs Moses Tebbets William Streley ? William Downs George Ricker John Tebbets Tho' Downs Benj" Peirce Philip Yetten Mahonan Recker Thomas Nock Thomas Tebbets Zachariah Nock Benjamin Stanton Philip Staopole Ebe' Wentworth Thomas Miller Samuel Jones Nath' Perkins Jun. Joseph Peney Samuel Roberts Philip Pappon Benjamin Wamouth Jemes Gupey JohnConyer? Josiah Clark Wilam Ohesle? John Mason Benjamin Twomble. William Jones Daniel Plumer Jabez Garland Hugh Connor Job Clements John Roberts Edward Ellis Samuel Al'y William Thompson Joseph Husey Ichabd Tebbets James Stacpole Benj" Varney Ebenezer Garland Samuel Downs Richard Wintworth Joseph Wintworth John Connor Tho» Wallingford Moris Hobbs April the 25'" 1729 In the house of In the house of Representatives. The within Pe- tion being read Voted the Petitioners serve that part of the Town of Dover that they Desir'd to be set off from with a Copy of this Petition to appeare at the General As- sembly Wednesday next the Show Cause (if the can) why the prayer of the Petition Should not be Granted In Council Eod™ die Read and Concurred with R. Waldron Cler Con It appears that the appointed day passed but Dover had not been notified. The matter, therefore, on the 1st of May was deferred until " the 8 inst May or if the assembly be not then sitting, then to appeare the 2d day of the sitting of next Genl assembly." No action appears to have taken place on the 8t]i of May, but on the 14th " Dover petition was Read and the Parties heard by their Councill, and an order made for a Committee to go on the spot and view the several Districts and Settle a Dividing line according to the best of their judgments and then the Petition- ers in the mean time be free from being Rated to the ministers at the old Town &c, and the majr part agree- ing shall be accounted sufficient to make returns at the Next session — for Confirmation." The committee reported, and Dec. 10, 1729, in council "Voted, That the Petitioners for a Parrish in the North east part of Dover have liberty to Bring in a Bill according to the Report of the Committe vary- ing the bounds from the head of fresh Creek to a White Oak Tree as the Rhoad goes." The act was passed Dec. 19, 1729. Incorporation of Town.— May 19, 1743, a petition was presented that the parish be made a town, but it was not until April 29, 1754, that the act of incorpora- tion was passed. It retained the name of the parish, and Thomas Wallingford, Esq., Capt. John Went- worth, and Moses Stevens were appointed t9 call the first meeting of the voters. The petition for the incorporation of the town was signed by the following persons : Paul Wentworth Ezekiel Wentworth Gershom Wentworth John Wentworth William Wentworth Loue Roberts Moses Stevens Philip Yetton Thomas Miller Lane Roberts SamI Randal Joseph Ricker SOMERSWORTH. 683 Eichard Downs Silvanus Nock Samu«l Nock Beiija Wamyorth Daniel Goodin James Hobbs Richard Goodin Jonathan Merrow Daniel Plunier Benja Mason John Mason Saml Walton Joshua Stakpole George Ricker William Stakpole Joseph Wentworth Samuel Stakpole Joshua Robards, junr Philip Stakpole Samuel Downs John Ricker Samuel Wintworth Jeremiah Rawlings James Clement John Sullivan Ephraim Wentworth Garshom Dowens Thomas Dowens John Downs John Drew Moses Carr Thomas Nock Nathanel Nock Benja Twombly John Ricker. Nathaniel Ricker Phinias Ricker John Robertes Daniel Smith Ebenezer Robearts Alexander Robarts The town retained its original bounds until 1849, when the present town of RoUinsford was set off and incorporated as a separate town. SOMERSWOBTn AKMY, JOLT 23, 1746. A true Hat of all the Train Souldiers in the Parish of Sumersworth, under corned of Tho' Wallingford, Capt. are asfolloweth viz. Sergts. John Ricker, Philip Stackpole, Thomas Teb- bets, William Wentworth. Corpos. Ebenezer Garland, Samuel Joanes, Samuel Rendall. Thomas Stevens, Richard Gordon, Drumrs James Clements Moses Tebbets Saml Wentworth John Vicker John Lebrock Samul Austin Benja Austin Edward Eliot George Rickers, jun. Samuel Wentworth, jun Jonathan Wentworth, jun Nathl Nock Jonathan Merrow Ebenr Heard John Wentworth Hatevil Roberts. William Hanson Benja Roberts Lemeul Perkins Drisco Nock William Stackpole James Foy Joseph Varney, jun Elipha. Cromuel Daniel Smith Samuel Downs Ebenr Wentworth Joseph Wentworth John Mason Joseph Hussey John Hall Daniel Goodin Samuel Hall James Hall Benja Wentworth Ephraim Rickers Melurin Rickers Abram. Mimmey Samuel Nock Eleazr Wyer Henry Nock Thomas Tebbets jun Benja Twombly Ezekiel Wentworth Ebnr Roberts Thomas Wentworth George Rickers, Ter. James Kiney Robert Cole Benja Stanton Meturin Rickers Benja Heard James Stackpole John Calland Isaac Hanson Daniel Hanson Richard Philpott John Sulevant Saml Allien Edward Allien John Muzert Samuel Waymouth James Nock Lane Roberts, jun Ichabod Rawlins Ebenr Downs, jun John Rickers, jun Joshua Roberts Terah Sprague Daniel Libbee Neal Vickers " A True List as Dodepher Garland Richard Goodin, jun Benja Warren Samuel Roberts Francis Roberts Saml Downs, jun Saml. Jones, jun Joseph Hussey, jun Ebenr Roberts, Jr Job Clements, Jr John Ferall Zeben Coason Elizha Randall Marke Wentworth Joseph Richardson Tristeram Heard Wm Chadwiok William Downes Peter Clarke John Downes Noah Cross Alowed P me." CHAPTER CIV. SOMEESWORTn.—( CoiKmirerf.) MANDFACTUKING INTERESTS. The Grent VaWe Manufacturhig Company— The Great Fiills Woolen Company — The Somerswortli Machine Company — The Gas Company. The Great Falls Manufacturing Company was incorporated June 11, 1823, with a chartered capital of $500,000. The first meeting of the corporation w;as held at Dover, July 10,1823, a board of directors was elected, and Abraham Wendell was chosen president, and Jacob Wendell treasurer. Isaac Wendell, of Dover, from 1821 to 1823 pur- chased the privileges at the Great Falls, and also large tracts of land adjoining the privileges on both sides of tlie Salmon Falls River, with the view of establishing cotton,-mills on the stream, and at the time the organization of the company was completed, had erected a store, carding-houses, work-shops suit- able for building cotton machinery, and a wooden building for a cotton-factory near the present site of the flouring-mill. For the property which Wendell had acquired by purchase, and improved, and a contract to complete by the following January 1280 cotton-spindles, with all other necessary machinery complete for manufac- turing cotton goods, at $25 per spindle, the company voted, July 22d, to pay him $76,224.18, and Wendell to be the resident agent of the corporation. George Trott was chosen treasurer in 1824, when a second cotton-factory of 4000 spindles was built, which is the upper section of the present No. 1 mill. 684 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAiMPSHIRE. The following year a woolen-mill was built, capable of producing 200 yards daily of fine broadcloths.. This mill was built easterly and at right angles with the present repair-shop. In the upper portion of the latter was woven carpetingg, the lower story being used for a woolen-picker and dyeing-house. Christopher C. Walcott was chosen superintendent of the woolen department. The works were enlarged from the original plan, and the carpet-mill produced 200 yards daily, and the woolen-mill 400 yards of broadcloths. Large sums of money were expended in experi- ments, and although it does not appear that this branch of the company's manufactures was profitable, its fabrics were very fine, and compared favorably in texture, color, and finish with the best importations of that time. In 1826 the charter was amended, authorizing a capital of $1,000,000. The two lower sections of the now No. 2 mill were erected, and machinery was put into the lower section only the following year. The upper section was not filled with machinery until two years later, it being used in the mean time as a place of worship by the Congregationalists. The company's charter was further amended in 1827, authorizing a capital of $1,500,000, which is the present nominal capital. In 1831, Lloyd W. Wells succeeded Mr. Wendell as agent. The manufacture of carpets was discontinued in 1833, and in January, 1834, the business continu- ing unprofitable, the directors were authorized to stop the manufacture of all woolen goods. George H. Kuhn was appointed treasurer, and Eob- ert W. Israel agent in 1834. The woolen business was entirely closed up, the goods on hand and machinery sold prior to July, 1885, and the mill was equipped with cotton ma- chinery. The machinery from the old " Wendell" mill was transferred to it, the mill itself sold and removed in 1838 ; also, owing to a lack of power on the upper level, some of the machinery from the other mills was transferred to this mill, and the balance of the mill supplied with new spindles to the amount of 5700. To this time all the mills had been operated by power on the first level, and the lower fall had not been utilized, but to run the new mill a dam was built in 1835, nearly opposite the present cloth-room, and the water conducted through along wooden pen-stock to three breast-wheels about two hundred and fifty feet easterly of the woolen mill, or No. 4, as it was then called, and by a system of belting the power was transmitted. With this mill complete there were 39,840 spindles and 1132 looms. In 1835 the dam at Mast Point was built, and the dam at Milton was raised four feet. The first created a new reservoir within two miles of the mills, capable of storing a day's water, and the latter increased the area of the Milton Ponds about five hundred acres. In 1838 John A. Burleigh was appointed agent, and in 1840 Patrick T. Jackson succeeded to the office of treasurer. Under his administration the condition of the com- pany improved rapidly. The reservoirs were increased in 1841 by the pur- chase of Cook's and Lovell's Ponds. The plan to fully and economically use the water on the second level was carried into effect by building a dam on the present site in 1842, and the discontinuance of the system of long belts, by which a large percentage of power was lost. - In 1842 the lower or southerly section of the pres- ent No. 3 mill was built, and in the following year the " woolen" mill was taken down and rebuilt, and is the upper or northerly section of No. 3. The new No. 1 mill was commenced in October, 1845, and completed in 1847. In the mean time the dam on the third level was built, it being the privilege now leased to the Great Falls Woolen Company. Mr. Jackson died in September, 1847. During his administration the product of the looms had more than doubled, 25,000 spindles had been added, and of the five mills two had been built new and one rebuilt, and the two others put in the best order and condition. John Clark succeeded to the oflice. In 1849-50 the old No. 1 was filled with new ma- chinery, the best then obtainable adapted for the spinning of No. 50 yarns. A turbine-wheel displaced the old breast-wheels, and a one hundred and eighty horse-power engine added. Robert Hooper became treasurer in 1851. The bleachery was built the following year and gas-works erected. The reservoirs were increased by the pur- chase of Home's and Wilson's Ponds. In 1855 the middle section of the present No. 3 was built, and equipped with 7427 spindles and 200 looms, which were put in operation January, 1856. In 1859 Mr. Hooper resigned and Daniel N. Spooner was appointed in his place, at which time the com- pany had seven mills, 83,120 spindles, and 2120 looms. In 1861 J. A. Burleigh died, after twenty-three years of faithful and efficient service; his son George W. was appointed to fill the vacancy. The mills were closed the greater portion of the time from 1862 to 1864. In 1864 the reservoir for fire purposes and daily use at the mills was constructed at a cost of $100,000; it has a capacity of 1,700,000 gallons, and is located on the top of Prospect Hill, one hundred and forty feet above the first level. By a liberal policy the company has allowed water- pipes to be laid through all the principal streets of the village, and gratuitously furnishes water for fire purposes to the town. SOMERSWORTH. 685 For more than a decade prior to 1866, little or nothing had been done to keep the mills in good re- pair beyond the absolutely necessary repairs to keep the machinery in motion. From 1866 to 1869 an addition of one hundred and sixty-three feet by one hundred feet was made to the present No. 2, the two old mills consolidated, and the whole partially furnished with new machinery, tur- bines substituted for the old breast-wheels, at a cost of nearly seven hundred thousand dollars. Upon the decease of Mr. Spooner, September, 1869, Charles W. Freeland became treasurer. In 1871 was commenced the renovation of the lower level mills, under the immediate supervision of Wil- liam A. Burke, of Lowell, who had previously been appointed assistant treasurer. The three mills were consolidated and covered under one flat roof, and a complete suite of new ma- chinery, including turbines wliere brsiist-wheels had been used, was put in, the whole, when complete, comparing favorably with the best mills in the country. In 1872 a fine new stone dam was built in place of the old wooden dam on the upper level, and an addition of two feet to the height of the Milton Three Ponds dam. A four hundred and fifty horse-power Corliss engine for reserve power was put into No. 1 during this year. In 1874-75 the last of the old breast-wheels were taken out of No. 1, and a fifty-four-inch turbine and gearing substituted. From 1870 to 1874 improvement in the works was the order of the day, and tliere was expended in the various constructions, reconstructions, and special repairs upwards of nine hundred thousand dollars. In July, 1874, John Cumnock, the present^ agent, succeeded Mr. Burleigh, and in December, 1875, Charles H. Dalton became treasurer upon the resig- nation of Mr. Freeland. At this time, owing to the large expenditures which had been made upon the works, the company was not only without an active capital, but the plant was impaired to the extent of a quarter of a million dollars. But by a rigid economy at the mills, and a corre- sponding reduction in the cost of the manufactured goods, togetlier with the tact, energy, and financial skill of the treasurer, the company at the close of his administration in December, 1877, was relieved of its debt on the plant, and had accumulated an ac- tive capital of forty-five thousand dollars. Mr. Dalton having resigned to assume the manage- ment of the Merrimac Company, Daniel ITussey succeeded to the oflSce, and resigned December, 1878, his term of ofBce being remarkable only for its brevity. Mr. Dalton subsequently managed the affairs of the company as its treasurer pro tempore until the election of the present treasurer, Eev. A. P. Rock- well. The company now has three mills, containing 112,000 spindles and 2756 looms, operated by about 1800 hands. The mills consume upwards of 13,000 bales of cotton, and produce over 23,000,000 yards of cloth annually. The company has one of the finest water privileges in the State, it having the unrestricted control of the Salmon Falls River to the third level at Great Falls, including the tributaries and reservoirs, consisting of the Great East, Horn's, and Wilson's Ponds on the East Branch, Cook's, Lovell's, and Gate's on the West Branch, and the Three Ponds at Milton, a flowage exceeding five thousand acres in all. There is about four thousand horse-power on the three levels at Great Falls, of which only about two thousand five hundred horse-power is employed, from which it appears that the water-power is sufficient when improved to enlarge the present capacity of the works about fifty per cent. With the present able general directory of the com- pany's affairs, and the skillful practical management of the present resident agent at the mills, the future prosperity of the company is not a matter of doubt. The present oificers of the company are as follows: Charles H. Dalton, president; A. P. Rockwell, treas- urer; John Cumnock, agent; and E. J. Randall, clerk of the corporation. Board of Directors, C. H. Dalton, T. J. Coolidge, S. R. Payson, G. R. Minot, C. W. Freeland, Thomas Wigglesworth, Edward Spaulding, and D. H. BuflFam. The Great Falls Woolen Company was organized in 1862 as a joint-stock company, with the following board of directors: William Hill, John H. Burleigh, George W. Burleigh, M. C. Burleigh, and Nathaniel Wells. It was chartered in June, 1863, and in the following December was organized as the Great Falls Woolen Company. Its paid-in capital was fifty thou- sand dollars, which was subsequently increased in July, 1865, to one hundred thousand dollars. The erection of the mills was commenced in 1862 and completed in 1863. William Hili, of North Berwick, Me., was the first president of the corporation, and continued as such until 1874, when he was succeeded by John H. Bur- leigh. Mr. Burleigh remained until 1877, when he was succeeded by David H. Bufiam. Mr. Buffiim resigned in 1879, and Mr. John Cumnock, the present president, was chosen his successor. David H. Buffam was agent, treasurer, and clerk until 1873, when he was forced to resign in conse- quence of ill health. Mr. Edward Hargraves was appointed his successor, and continued as agent and treasurer until 1880, when Mr. Buffam again officiated for one year, and in 1881 was succeeded as agent and clerk by his son, Mr. Edgar S. Buffam. The present officers are John Cumnock, president; David H. Buf- fam, treasurer ; and Edgar S. Buffam, agent and clerk. 686 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. This company has from the beginning been under able management, and is one of the most prosperous, in New England. The mills are furnished with all modern improvements, and the manufacture consists of cashmeres and duckings. The annual product reaches about two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. The Somerswortli Machine Company was incor- porated in the year 1848, with the following incorpo- rators: Milton Noyes, Arthur L. Noyes, Frederick A. Lord, Oliver Hill, Micajah C. Burleigh, Abraham Gilpatrick, Kichard Davis, William Bedel, and Sam- uel D. Whitehouse. Their first meeting w.as held Tuesday, July 15, 1851, at the counting-room of M. C. Burleigh, at which time John A. Burleigh, Oliver H. Lord, and M. C. Burleigh were chosen directors for the coming year. At a meeting of the directors held the same day, John A. Burleigh was chosen president ; Micajah C. Burleigh and Oliver H. Lord, agents ; M. C. Eussell, clerk. About this time the Somersworth Machine Company bought out the Grif- fins' foundry at Salmon Falls, N. H., and commenced to manufacture the famous wood-stove known every- where as the White Mountain stove. They had a very large sale on that stove, every one liking them. They still have some calls for the same stove. From that lime on they have continued to manufacture stoves of all kinds at Salmon Falls, employing a large number of men there the year round. The foundry at Great Falls was devoted more particularly to heavy work, such as gas-pipe, water-pipe, etc. They took various large contracts for building gas-works. One was at Concord, another at Gardiner, Me., another at Attleboro', besides a great many other places which time nor space will not allow of mention. In 1858, O. H. Lord was chosen treasurer, and Micajah C. Burleigh, agent, which place he filled continuously until his death, in March, 1881. At the annual meet- ing of the directors in March, 1881, Oliver H. Lord was chosen treasurer, and C. W. Wright was chosen agent. At the present time they are making a great many pulleys for Boston market, besides a great deal of shafting, employing a large number of men at Great Falls the year round on that class of work. The busi- ness botb at Salmon Falls and Great Falls has been gradually growing until at the present time they are employing one hundred and fifty men at botb places, with a steady increase. The Great Falls Gas Company is an enterprise that had its conception with the Great Falls Manu- facturing Company, and has since been controlled by that corporation. It is said to have been the first gas company incorporated in the State. The act of in- corporation was passed June 29, 1850, and the follow- ing were named as incorporators : Nathaniel Wells, Samuel Clark, John A. Burleigh, John Clark, Icha- bod G. Jordan, Augustus Gushing, Daniel H. Buffam, George W. Beasbridge, Calviu Whitten, Mark Noble, Albert F. Smith, and Ezra Harthara. The first board of directors were John A. Burleigh, John Clark, Nathaniel AVells, David H. Buffam, and Levi Bendict. Nathaniel Wells was chosen first president, and John A. Burleigh, treasurer. It has a paid-up capital of forty-seven thousand dollars. The works were constructed by Benedict & Warren. The present board of directors is as follows : A. P. Rockwell, William R. Burleigh, John Cumnock, and Emery J. Randall. The present oflScers are A. P. Rockwell, president; John Cumnock, treasurer; Emery J. Randall, clerk ; and Thomas G. Jameson, superintendent. CHAPTER CV. SOME'RS^yO'R^II.— {Continued.) MISCELLANEOUS.! Thu CongregnUoual Clmrcli— Tlie High Street IF. E. Cliiirch— Main Street M. E. Church — Ciilviii Baptist Church — Free Bapliet Church — Roman Catliolic Clnirch — Masonic — Odd-Fellows — Tlie Somers- worth Kational Bank — Tlie Great Falls Kalional Bank— The Somersworth Savings-Bank — Forest Gl.ide Cemetery — The Manu- facturers' and Village Lihrar)' — The Press — Civil Uistoiy — Moder- ators from 1730-1883— Clerks from 1738-1883- Eeprcscntatives from 1765-1883— Military Itecord. Congregational Church. — Prior to the incorpora- tion of the Great Falls Manufacturing Company in 1828 the site of the present village of Great Falls was used for farming purposes, and the few inhabitants of the neighborhood were numbered among the parish- ioners of Rev. Joseph Hilliard, in Berwick, Me., and Rev. Reuben Porter, of the old church in Somers- worth. Soon after the settlement of the village com- menced, however, religious meetings were holden, and Rev. Mr. Porter statedly preached in an unfinished dwelling-house on Bridge Street, Berwick, belonging to the manufacturing company. Meanwhile measures were being taken for the or- ganization of a church, and on the 16th day of Jan- uary, 1827, " The Piscataqua Association of Ministers" met in the village, approved of the proposed creed and covenant, and organized the " First Congrega- tional Church of Great Falls," consisting of eight members. . Rev. Reuben Porter was invited to preach as " stated supply," in which capacity he labored during the year 1827. He died January, 1854. A meeting was held Sept. 13, 1827, in the village school-house by citizens favorable to the purpose, and " The First Congregational Society of Great Falls" was organized under the then new law of the State relating to religious societies. On the 23d of January, 1828, Rev. Josiah T. Hawes was ordained pastor of the church. His pastorate lasted but two years. Arrangements were made during the latter part of 1827 for the erection of a suitable house of public ! Sec supplement. SOMEESWORTH. 687 worship. The manufacturing company generously contributed an appropriate lot and five hundred dol- lars, and in the following year the church edifice was completed at a further expense of about four thousand dollars. It was dedicated in August, 1828, Dr. Ly- man Beecher preaching the sermon. This society was aided for several years in the support of its pas- tor by the Piscataqua Association, the New Hamp- shire Missionary Society, and the Massachusetts Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge. The ordination services of Mr. William Twining as an evangelist were held in the church Jan. 6, 1880. He never was pastor of the church, but remained as a "supply" for two years and three months. During his ministry one hundred and four united with the church, as the result of a revival begun under Mr. Hawes' pastorate, and continued under the labors of Mr. Twining. Kev. James A. Smith, next pastor, remained five years and three months. He was ordained April 17, 1832. Under his care the church greatly flourished. One hundred and twenty-five additions were made during his pastorate. The feeble health of his wife compelled his resignation July, 1837. Mr. Smith's successor was Rev. Alfred Goldsmith, whose pastorate covered only eleven months. He was ordained pastor September, 1837. The Rev. John R. Adams began his labors with the church as acting pastor September, 1838. He re- mained two years and four months. Under his labors seventy-one united with the church. His death occurred April, 1866. The next pastor. Rev. Samuel Beane, was ordained July 7, 1841 ; dismissed May, 1844. He died May, 1865. The seventh pastor was Rev. James T. McCollom, installed October, 1844 ; dismissed December, 1853. Seventy-six were received into the church during his pastorate. He died November, 1865. Rev. James B. Thornton was acting pastor of the church eleven months, beginning his labors April 11, 1854. During that time thirty-four were received into the church. Rev. George Anthony, next pastor, was ordained Oct. 3, 1855. His pastorate was four years and eleven months, during which time ninety-three were added to the church. Rev. Horatio Q. Butterfield was installed pastor May 23, 1861. During his pastorate of three years and eleven months eighty-nine united with the church. Rev. Ephraim N. Hidden was the eleventh pastor, installed Jan. 5, 1865; dismissed Dec. 80, 1869. He is living at present in East Med way, Mass. He was followed by Rev. Clark Carter, who was installed April 27, 1870. His pastorate closed in June, 1872. The Rev. Stephen W. Webb was called to the ofiice of pastor in January, 1873, installed October 15th of the same year, and dismissed in 1881. During the winter of 1875-76 there was a revival, from the fruits of which over sixty were received into the church. It was voted in the spring of 1876 to remodel the church edifice. The work was begun in July, and occupied over six months. The committee having the work in charge were Messrs. S. S. Rollins, D. H. Bufl^am, J. Cumnock, A. A. Perkins, and William F. Lord. The church by these repairs became possessed of a pleasant, commodious vestry in which to hold its social and week-day meetings, together with the other rooms and conveniences of a modern church. At this time, also, over three-fourths of the pews of the church were given up by their owner's to become the property of the society. Deacons, John Crosby, January, 1827, to Feb- ruary, 1831 ; David Sellick, January, 1827, to July, 1831 ; Thomas Shapleigb, August, 1830, to January, 1835 ; Josiah Beane, February, 1835, to August, 1841 ; Jeremy AV. Orange, February, 1835, to June, 1879 ; Joseph Stackpole, June, 1850, to March, 1854; Ben- jamin Cook, June, 1850, to August, 18G2; George L. Dearborn, July, 1858, to March, 1859; Samuel S. Rollins (died in 1881), July, 1858; William Symes, May, 1859 ; Oliver D. Morse, February, 1864, to June, 1865 ; Almon D. Tolles, February, 1879. A Sunday-school was organized with three scholars soon after the formation of the church by Mr. James S. Stanwood in a room over his store. Mr. Stanwood was superintendent until his death in 1830. The First Congregational Society was organized Sept. 13, 1827, with Joshua Edmunds as the first moderator and Jonathan W. Freeman, clerk. The constitution was adopted Oct. 24, 1827. The first members were Benjamin Barker, John McCrillis, and Raymond Mather. The High Street Methodist Episcopal Society was organized Sept. 22, 1827, with the following mem- bers : Alfred French, Charles Lewis, Moses Butes, David Miner, Simon Hall, Bartlett Hall, Christopher C. Wolcott, John G. Chase, Thomas T. Edgerly, John Horn, and George W. Edgerly. The first Methodist sermon preached in what is now Great Falls was at the house of Gershom Home in 1817, by Rev. John Lord, then laboring on the Rochester Circuit, which embraced Dover, Somers- worth, Berwick, and several other towns. Gershom Home and family were at this time the chief proprie- tors of the village. In 1825, Rev. J. N. Moffitt, pastor at Dover, held occasional services here in an unfinished house bn Bridge Street. The first class was organized in 1826, and consisted of eight persons. The first pastor was Rev. Giles Campbell. He was succeeded by Rev. Aaron D. Sargent. In the beginning of Mr. Sargent's ministry services were first held in an un- finished room in one of the mills, but soon after measures were taken for the erection of a house of worship, and in September, 1828, a neat and commo- dious edifice was dedicated. Rev. Stephen Martindale, of Boston, preaching the sermon. 688 inSTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE; During the year 1827 a legal organization was effected, known as the " Great Falls Methodist So- ciety." The following is a list of the pastors from the or- ganization of the church to the present time : Revs. Giles Campbell, Aaron D. Sargent, Benjamin E. Hoyt, George Storrs, John F. Adams, George Storrs, Daniel S. Robinson (assistant), Samuel Morris, Jos. Dearborn (assistant), Eleazer Smith, Elihu Scott, James W. Mowry, Daniel S. Robinson, Silas Green, Henry W. Adams, Samuel Kelley, Elisha Adams, Moses Howe, James Pike, Charles N. Smith, H. H. Hartwel), R. S. Rust, S. Holman, Richard Humphrey, C. S. Harrington, A. J. Church, John H. Lord, Charles Young, Daniel C. Babcock, 0. H. Jasper; C. N. Dunning, J. W. Adam's, H. Woodward, W. E. Bennett, and Rev. E. L. Green. Main Street Methodist Episcopal Church.— The crowded condition of the Methodist Church in High Street in 1850 suggested the need of a second church, and accordingly a number of Methodists, to whom were joined a few individuals from other denomina- tions, petitioned the New Hampshire Conference for a minister to be sent them. Tlie i)etition was granted, and Henry Hill was sent as preacher, and he held the first meeting at the town hall, April 18, 1851, and the Second Methodist Church was soon after organ- ized. He preached there two years, and was suc- ceeded by Calvin Holman, who gathered the funds by which the church building was built in 1855. The organization was at first prosperous, but, on account of a change in population from native to foreign, the congregation has decreased to about two hundred. The following is a list of ministers who have offi- ciated : 1851-52, Henry Hill; 1853-65, Calvin Hol- man ; 1856, John McLaughlin ; 1857, Robert S. Stubbs; 1858-59, George W. H. Clark; 1860-61, Silas G. Kellogg; 1862-63, Cadford M. Dinsmore; 1864-66, Frank K. Stratton ; 1867, Nelson M. Bailey, 1868-69, Charles E. Hall; 1870, Simeon P. Heath; 1871, Nathaniel Chase; 1872-74, Freeman F. Eyder (Mr. Ryder died in office May 27, 1874, and the re- mainder of his term was filled by William C. Kellogg, who preached three months, and George W. H. Clark, who preached four months) ; 1875-76, Hugh Mont- gomery ; 1877-78, Mellen Howard; 1879-80, Na- thaniel P. Philbrick; 1881-82, George C. Noyes. The Great Falls Bank was incorporated by the Legislature in 1846, and its charter approved July 8th, same year. Its capital stock was 8100,000, and its original incorporators were Joseph Doe, John A. Burleigh, Daniel G. Rollins, Samuel Hale, Nathaniel AVells, Winthrop A. Marston, Benjamin Hanson, Oliver H. Lord, Thomas B. Parks, Oliver Hill, and Ezra Harthan. Aug. 13, 1849, it was voted to increase the capital stock to 8120,000, and Aug. 11, 1851, it was voted to further increase it to 8150,000, its present capital. Present surplus, $50,000. The bank was re- organized as a national bank, March 27, 1865. The presidents have been as follows: Joseph Doe, 1846-48; John A. Burleigh, 1848-60; Nathaniel Wells, 1860-78; David H. Buffam, 1878 to present time. David H. Buffam was the first cashier, and remained as such until April 20, 1863, when he was succeeded by Mr. Joseph A. Stickney, the present incumbent. The following is a list of the directors from the or- ganization of the bank to 1883: John A- Burleigh, Joseph Doe, W. A. Marston, Daniel G. Rollins, Oliver H. Lord, Nathaniel Wells, Nathaniel Jewett, Charles E. Bartlett, George W. Burleigh, Mark Noble, Isaac Chandler, S. D. AVhitehouse, Daniel M. Goodwin, David H. Buffam, Micajah C. Burleigh, Henry Hobbs, I. S. Coleman, William Bedell, George Moore, John W. Bates, Charles W. Wright, Albert A. Perkins, John Cumnock. The Somersworth Savings-Bank was incorporated July 2, 1845, with the following incorporators : Joseph Doe, John A. Burleigh, Daniel G. Rollins, Ichabod G. Jordan, Nathaniel Wells, Mark Noble, Oliver H. Lord, Jeremiah Goodwin, Ezra Harthan, Hiram E. Roberts, Benjamin Hanson, Moses Baker, and AVil- liam W. Rollins. The presidents have been as follows: John A. Bur- leigh, 1845-60: M. C. Burleigh, 1860-81: Samuel S. Rollins, 1881, died soon after, and the vacancy has not been filled. The vice-presidents have been Hiram R. Roberts, Daniel G. Rollins, I. G. Jordan, Nathaniel Wells, Oliver H. Lord, David H. Buffam, Samuel S. Rollins, and Isaac Chandler. Secretaries and treasurers: Mark Noble, David H. Buffam, Joseph A. Stickney, and Albert A. Perkins. The Manufacturers and "Village Library was or- ganized Dec. 23, 1841, with Moses Bates, president; J. H. Lamos, secretary ; George AV. Wendell, treas- urer; and J. H. Laraos, librarian. The library is in successful operation, and has about seven thousand volumes. Forest Glade Cemetery. — The movement which resulted in the purchase of the ground and beautify- ing this charming spot for a resting-place for the dead commenced in 1851, and was consecrated Oct. 3, 1852, the sermon being delivered by the Rev. James T. Mc- Collum. An original ode was read upon the occasion by Mrs. J. T. McCollum. The tract of land was pur- chased of John Wentworth at a cost of twelve hun- dred dollars, and consists of twenty-three acres. The ofiicers have been as follows: Presidents, John A. Burleigh, 1852-60; .Oliver H. Lord, 1860-77; George William Burleigh, 1877-78; Joseph A. Stick- ney, 1878, present incumbent. Clerks, Oliver H. Lord, 1852-53; George W. Brasbridge, 1853-58; GeorgeW. Wendell, 1858-61; Moses C. Russell, 1861- -71 ; William B. Martin, 1871 to present time. Su- perintendents, George W. Brasbridge, 1852-55; M. W. Footman, 1858-69; Joseph A. Peirce, 1869-71; William B. Martin, 1871 to present time. SOMERSWORTH. 689 The following have officiated as trustees : Mark W. Footman, 1852-82 ; S. B. Cole, 1868-83 ; O. W. Davis, 1873-78 ; John Cumnock, 1878-82 ; Enoch Perkins, 1852-54 ; Levi W. Gilman, 1854-64 ; Hiram Walker, 1864-69; Joseph A. Stickney, 1869-82 ; John A. Bur- leigh, 1852-60; Charles H. Sliackford, 1860-65; George W. Burleigh, 1865-78 ; John A. Bagley, 1879- 82 ; George W. Wendall, 1852-56 ; Moses C. Russell, 1861-71; Oliver H. Lord, 1852-77; John Emery, 1877-82. MODEBATOUS FKOM 1730 TO 1883. raul Wentworth, 1730-33, 1735-38, 1740-43. Eleazer Myer, 1734. Thomas Wallingford, 1739, 1744- 48, 1755, 1750, 1702, 1704. Thomas Nock, 1742. John Weutworth, 1749,1752-80. James Tlobbs, 1750-51. EUenezer Koberts, 1757-60, 1791. Daniel Goodwin, 1771-83. IchaUod BoUins, 1776-86, 1790. Moses Can-, 1728-72,1781-82, 1784- 87. John Bollins, 1789. James Carr, 1792-1803, 1805, 1809, 1810,1812,1814-10. Francis Warren, 1797. Andrew "Wentivortli, 1800, 1S07, 1811. Nathan Lord, 1804-G. Hiram Bollins, 1808-13. William Lambert, 1817-19. William W. Rollins, 1820, 1826, 1828-30, 1834-35, 1843, 1845-47. Christopher C. Walcott, 1827-32. Lloyd W. Wells, 1831-33. William Stearns, 1836-42. Theodore B. Moses, 1837. John A. Burleigh, 1838-40. Jacob Morrill, 1841-54. Leavitt H. Fenton, 1844. David H. BufTam, 1848-57. ■William E. Griffin, 1849. Oalvin Whittier, 1850, 1855-50. John S. Haines, Jr., 1851-53. William P. Moores, 1858-60, 18C2, 1808-69,1871,1874-75. George \V. BallocU, 1801. James P. Furbur, 1803-84. John S. Haines, 1805-G6, 1870. Thomas Snow, 1867. Albert ¥. SmiUi, 1872. Joseph A. Stickney, 1873. CLEKKS FEOM 1730 TO 1883. Dr. Thomas Miller, 1730-32, 173G. ) Nathaniel Perkins, 1733-75. ' Benjamin Twombly, 1737-47. Moses Carr, 1748-76. John Pike, 1777, 1778-89. John Philpot, 1790-1800. Amos Willingford, 1807-25. George W. Eoberts, 1826-36. Benjamin C. Sewell, 1837-38. ' Alexander H. Stickney {vice Sewell, ! resigned), 1838-40. j OliverH. Lord, 1841-42. EEPKESENTAIIVES Capt. John Wentworth, 1755-75. Paul Wentworth, 1776-77. Jonathan Wentworth, 1778-85. Moses Carr, 1781-83. John Bollins, 1780-88. Ichabod Bollins, 1780. Daniel Goodwin, 1790. James Carr, 1791-1815. Andrew Wentworth, 1800-15. Andrew Rollins, 1816-20. Joseph Doe, 1821-28. William W. Bollins, 1825-49. John G. Chase, 1829-31. Noah Martin, 1830. Augustus Bollins, 1830-31. John Wentworth (2d), 1833-3o. William Stevens, 1833. Kichard Kimball, 1833. Jacob Davis, 1834. John A. Burleigh, 1836. Hiram E. Eoberts, 1837. John B. Wentworth, 1830,1847-49. Isaac Worster, 1837. Samuel Eice, 1838. 44 David H. BuSiim, 1813-44. James Coleman, 1845^8. Shubael B. Cole, 1849-54. George L. Dearborn, 1855-56. George W. Balloch, 1857-50. Charles P. Carter, 1860-62. John H. Smith, 1803. Albert P. Smith, 1864^68. Edgar B. Le Gro, 1869-70. Charles M. Dorr, 1871-72. James G. Young, 1873-75. FEOM 1755 TO 1883. Lorenzo Eollins, 1838-39. Jacob Morrill, 1839-41. William E. Griflin, 1840-41. Charles II. Shorey, 1842. Daniel G. Rollins, 1843-54. William Plumer, Uli-U. Hiram Hanson, 1840^7. Mark Noble, 1843. Charles H. Shor'ey, 1846. Samuel II. Wentworth, 1846-47. Calvin Whittier, 1847-48, 1853-54. Samuel Hale, 1848. Leonard S. Hill, 1847. Alexander H. Stickney, 1848. Thomas Shapley, 1848-50. William Bedell, 1840-50. Owen W. Davis, 1840-50. Ezra Harthan, 1851. Isaac Chandler, 1851. Benjamin F. Deal, 1851. M. C. Burleigh, 1853-56. Augustus Gushing, 1853-54. Noah Hooper, 1855. John A. Smilie, 1866-56. Samuel S. Eollins, 1865-00. James S. Huntress, 1855-56, Boyal Eastman, 1867-58. S. S. Chick, 18.'>7-68. M. W. Footman, 1867-58. N. 11. Wentworth, 1857-58. John S. Haines, Jr., 1860-GO. Joshua F. Liltleftold, 1859-00. John Tilson, 1859. Albert A. Parker, 1850-60. Edward A. Eollius, 1860-03. Oliver U. Lord, 1801. Thomas Snow, 18C1. David H. Buftam, 1861-G2. Arthur L. Noyes, 1863. Edward A. Smith, 1862-63. George W. Burleigh, 1863-64. L.W. Gilman, 1863-64. Charles H. Shackfcrd, 1864. Albert Wakefield, 1864-65. E. A.Iibbets, 1866-GG. Jesse li. Horn, 1865-06. Cliailes W. Emerson , 186.5-06, James C. Pilraan, 1866-07. Thomas G. Jameson, 1807-08. Enoch Whitehouse, 1807-08. Eufus W. Stevens, 1807. John Drew, 1808-09. George M. Hanson, 1808-09. George Stevens, 1869-70. D. ChadbouriiG, 1809-70. William D. Knapp, 1870-71. Charles P. Carter, 1870-71, James M, Tebbets, 1871-72. Joseph Tibbey, 1871-72. Hiram Wentworth, 1872-73. George S. Bates, 1872. II. S. Chapman, 1872-73. Hiram A. Hayes, 1873-74. Samuel D. Whitehouse, 1873. D. G. Wentworth, 1873-74. E. J. Bandall,1874-75. Charles S. Jones, 1874. Orlando J. Bagley, 1874. Leander M. Nute, 1875. Joseph A. Stickney, 1875. Nathan Wentworth, 1876. Noah L. Fall, 1875. MILITAEY RECCED OF SOLDIERS OF SOMERSWOETH IN THE WAE OF THE EEBELLION. John F. Ilolman, 1st sergt., Co. II, 2d Eegt. ; enl. June 5, 1801 ; pro. to 2d lieut. Aug. 10, 1801 ; pro. to Ist lieut. Sept. 2, 1862; pro. to capt. Co. C, same date ; res. June 18, 1803. Thomas Snow, capt. Co. F, 2d Regt. ; enl. June 4, 1801; res. Aug. 12, 1802. Joshua F. Littlefleld, 1st lieut. Co. F, 2d Bogt.; enl. June 4, 1801 ; pro. to capt Co. B, Aug. 1, 1801 ; died Sept. 17, 1862. Andrew G. Bracy, sergt. Co. H, 2d Regt.; enl. June 6, 1801; pro. to 2d lieut. Aug. 1, 1862 ; pro. to 1st lieut. June 18, 18G3 ; disch. June 21, 1864. Albert J. Hanson, Co. H, 2d Eegt.; enl. June 6, 1801 ; pro. to Corp. Aug. 1, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. Sept. 1, 1802; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; pro. to 1st lieut. Juno 24, 1864; pro. to capt. Nov. 3, 1864; disch. Dec. 19, 1865. Moses Burnliam, Co. D, 2d Eegt.; enl. Juno 1, 1861. Calvin C. Downs, Co. D, 2a Eogt. ; enl. June ],18G1; re-enl. Jan.l,18G4; disch. Dec. 19, 1865. Warren C. Drew, Co. D, 2d Begt. ; enl. June 1, 1861 ; disch. June 21, 1864. Albion Dyer, Co. D, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Juno 1, 1801. John F. Hardison, Co. D, 2d Begt. ; enl. June 1, 1861 ; disch. June 21, 1864. Alden F. Kidder, Co. D, 2d Eegt.; enl. Juno 1, 1801; disch. Juno 21, 1804. Olwin Lord, Co. D, 2d Regt.; enl. June 1, IbCl; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; disch. Dec. 19, 1805. Newton A. Ramsey, Co. D, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Juno 1, 1801 ; pro. to 1st sergt. ; disch. June 21,1864. Wentworth Goodwin, wagoner, Co. F, 2d Begt. ; enl. June 4, 1801 ; died Marcli 27, 1804. Jonas T. Quimby, Co. G, 2d Eegt.; enl. June 6, 1801 ; disch. June 21, 1864. Lj man Shaw, Co. G, 2d Begt. ; enl. June 6, 1861; disch. May 20, 1862. Cliarles Messer, sergt. Co. II, 2d Eegt. ; enl. June 5, 1801 , disch. Oct. 1 1801. Albert A. Emerson, sergt. Co. H, 2d Eegt, ; enl, June 6, 1801 ; disch, Oct. 1, 1861. Joseph K. Pearl, sergt. Co. 11, 2d Regt. ; onl. Juno 5, 1801 ; disch. Oct. 1, 1861. George F. Goodwin, corp. Co. II, 2d Eegt. ; enl. June 6, 18G1 ; disch. Oct. 1, 18G1. James B. Heed, corp. Co. H, 2d Eegt. ; enl. June 6, 1861 ; pro. to sergt ; disch. Dec. 8, 1863. James W.Clark, corp. Co. II, 2rt Eegt,; enl. June 6, 1861; com. 18th Maine Vols., Aug. 20, 18G2, Lorenzo D. Allard, wagoner, Co. H, 2il Eegt. ; enl. June 5, 1801 ; disch. Sept. 21, 1801. William H. Connor, Co. H, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Juno 5, 1861 ; captured July 21, 18G1 ; died in hands of enemy. William II. Coffin, Co. H, 2d Eegt.; enl. June 5, 1801 ; disch. Jan. 27 1803. 690 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Tirgll M. Came, Ck). H, 2d Kegt. ; enl. June 5, 18G1 ; disch. March 24, 1863. Jobn H. Goodwin, Co. H, 2d Kegt. ; enl. June 5, 18G1 ; discli. June 21, 1804. Albert Hambleton, Co. H, 2d'Eegt ; enl. June 5, 1861; discli. May 20, 1863. Harlow P. Hanson, Co. H, 2d Kegt ; enl. June .■), 1861. John r. IloUbs, Co. H, 2d Kegt. ; enl. June o, 1861. Samuel M. Joy, Co. H, 2d Kegt. ; enl. June 5, 1861 ; diach. June 2.'!, 1863. John W. Lord, Co. H, 2d Kegt. ; enl. June 6, 1801 ; pro. to sergt. ; pro. to sergt. maj.; pro. to 2d lieut. July 2, 1803, Co. E ; disch. June 21, 1864. Woodbury Lord, Co. H, 2d Kegt.; enl. June 6, 1861 ; died Feb. 20, 1863. Albion Lord, Co. H, 2d Kegt.; enl. June 6, 1861 ; died July 31, 1861. PeikiuB F. Mott, Co. H, 2d Kegt. ; enl. June 5, 1861 ; died Aug. 15, 1861. Julius Awe, Co. H, 2d Kegt.; enl. June 5, 1861; re enl. Jan. 1,1864; pro. tocorp. Jan. 1,1804; to sergt. July 1,1804; discU. Dec. 10, 1865. Samuel Poor, Co. H, 2d Kegt.; enl. June 5, 1801; pro. to Corp. Jan. 1, 1863 ; died April 30, 1804. Charles H. Smith, Co. U, 2d Kegt.; enl. Jnne 5, 1861; diid Oct. 27, 1864. James M. Wiggin, Co. H, 2d Regt.; enl. June 6,1861; disch Nov. 27, 1862. James Wilkinson, Co H, 2d Kegt.; enl. June 5, 1861 ; disch. Jan. 1,1864. William H. Walker, Co. H, Jd Eegt.; enl. Juue 6, 1861 ; discli. July 21, 1862. Alexander Steward, Co. K, 2d Kegt. ; enl. June 5, 1801 ; enl. in regular army. Alonzo F. Austin, Co. H, 2a Kegt.; enl. Aug. 12, 1802; disch. June 9, 1865. George Berry, Co. H, 2d Kegt.; enl. Aug. 12, 1862; pro. to Corp. and to sergt.; disch. June 9, 1865. George F. Clemens, Co. C, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 12, 1802 ; killed July 2, 1803. Charles M. Chase, Co. II, 2d Kegt. ; enl. Aug. 12, 1862 ; pro. to capt. I'. S. C.T.June 12,1804. Algernon F. Chase, Co. B, 2d Kegt. ; enl. Aug. 12, 1802 ; died Aug. 28, 1802. James M. Home, Co. U, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 12, 1862 ; disch. June 9, 1865. Jared P. Hubbard, Co. B, 2d Kegt.; enl. Aug. 12, 1862; pro. to sergt. January, 1865; disch. June 9, 1865. Edgar B. Legio, Co. B, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Aug. 12, 1862 ; pro. to sergt., to sergt. maj,, to 1st lieut. and adj., July 1, 18C4, to capt. Nov. 1, 1864 ; disch. Dec. 19, 1805. Patrick Murphy, Co. F, 2d Eegt.; enl. Oct. 7, 1864; disch. June 17,1863. AlexanderPierce, Co. H, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Aug. l>, 1862; died April U, 1804. Charles 0. Koberts, Co. H, 2d Eegt.; enl. Aug. 12, 1862; pro. to corp. Jan. 1, 1804; disch. June 13, 1805. Kufus Walker, Co. H, 2d Ri-gt. ; eul. Aug. IS, 1802 ; disch. June n, 1865. Joseph B. Reed, Corp. Co. H, 2d Eegt. ; eul. Jnne 5, 1801 ; pro. to sergt. ; pro. to capt. U. S. C. T. Feb. 19, 1SG4. Oren Buck, Co. K, 2d Regt. ; eul. Jan. 1, 1864 ; disch. Feb. IT, 1805. Dennis Murphy, Co. E, 2d Eegt. ; enl. Jan. 1, 1864. Jeremiah Tanner, Co. E, 2d Eegt.; eul. Jan. 1, 1804 ; disch. Nov. 16,1864. George H. Tliyng, Co. E. 2d Kegt.; eul. Jan. 1, 1864 ; died Oct. 2S. 1804. George W. Williams, Co. 11, 2d Regt. : enl. Jan. 1, 1804. Lewis Woods, Co. E, 2d Regt.; enl. Jan. 1, ISGi; pro. to corp. Jan. 1, 1804, to sergt. July 1, 1804, to 1st sergt. Sept. 1, 1804, to 1st lieut. May 1,1805. John M. Crague, Co. D, 2il Kegt. ; enl. Ang. 14, 1863; trans, to Co. 1, loth Regt. ; absent, sick ; no discharge furnished. Henry J. Walker, Co. H, 2d Regt. ; enl. Aug. 12, 1862; disch. June 9, 1863. Leander J. Abbott, Co. D, 3d Regt.; enl. Aug. 23, 1861 ; disch. June 22, 1862. Lorenzo D. Smith, sergt., Co. K, 3d Regt.; enl. Aug. 24,1861; reduced to ranks Sept. 1, 1863 ; discli. Aug. 2 i, 1864. James M. Hyde, wagoner, Co. K, 3d Regt. ; eul. Aug. 24, 1861 ; not offi- cially accounted for. Thomas B. Smith, Co. K, 3d Regt.; enl. Aug. 24, 1861; disch. Dec. 4, 1862. Daniel Donihoe, Co. F, 3d Eegt. ; enl. Dec. 8, 1801 ; disch. July 20, 1805. Elisha J. Goodwin, Co. G, 3d Rest. ; enl. Feb. 28, 1862; re-enl. Feb. 1, 1864; disch. July 20,1865. William J. McCaffrey, musician, Co. G, 3d Regt.; enl. Feb. 28, 1802- re-enl. Feb. 18, 1864 ; pro. to Corp. July 20, 1805. Evans Covington, Co. — , 3d Begt. ; enl. Sept. 29, 1803. Orrin Brown, capt. Co. F, 4th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 20, 1861. Isaac W. Hobbs, 1st lieut. Co. F, 4th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 20, 1861; pro. capt. Co. A, Dec. 1, If 63 ; disch. Nov. 7, 1864. Clarence L. Chj^man, 1st lieut. Co. F, 4th Kegt.; enl. Nov. 9,1864; pro. capt. Co. F, Feb. 16, 1866; disch. May 17, 1865. Stephen J. Wentworth, 2d lieut. Co. K, 4th Kegt.; enl. Dec. 1,1863; killed Aug. 16, 1864. Jacob E. W. Aspinwall, Co. A, 4th Kegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 15, 1864; pro. pilncipal musician Nov. 20, 1864; disch. Aug. 23, 1865. Joseph S. Horm, Co. A, 4th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; disch. Feb. 17, 1803. Alvah E. Moody, Co. A, 4th Kegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Warren Billings, Corp. Co. B, 4th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; pro. sergt.; disch Aug. 5, 1863. James H. Foyc, corp. Co. B, 4th Kegt. ; enl. Sept. IS, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Charles B. Brackett, musician, Co. B, 4th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; re- enl. Feb. 15, 1804 ; disch. Ang. 23, 1866. Henry B. Cram, Co. B, 4th Eegt.; eul. Sept. 18, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Stephen K. Connor, Co. B, 4th Kegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1804. Bradford A. Hurd, Co. B, 4th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; died Jan. 21, 1803. Samuel Knox, Co. B, 4th Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 21,1804; died Oct. 5, 1864. Alexander W. Kidder, Co. B, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Hosea B. Lai-y, Co. B, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801 ; re-enl. Feb. 20, 1804; pro. to corp; pro. to sergt.; disch. Aug. 23, 1865. Joseph L. Winn, Co. B, 4lh Regt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 20, 1S64 ; died Aug. 8, 1864. Mark H. Cowell, 1st sergt. Co. F, 4th Regt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1861; disch. July 8, 1502. Samuel L. Willey, 1st sergt. Co. F, 4tli Regt ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 24, 1804; died Jan. 17, 1806. James M. Goodwin, 1st sergt. Co. F, 4lh Eegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1801; re- enl. Feb. 20, 1804 ; pro. 1st sergt. ; killed July 30, 1864. Howard F. Parsons, 1st sergt. Co. F, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1804. Wm. H Clements, Corp. Co. F, 4th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1801; re-enl. Feb. 20, 1804; disch. June 28, 1SC5 George A. Miner, corp Co. F, 4lh Kegt.; enl. Sept. 18, 1801; re-enl. Feb. 14, 1864; died May 10, 1805. Charles P. Stevens, corp. Co. F, 4 th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; died Nov. 25, 1861. Thomas J. Burns, corp. Co. F, 4th Kegt. ; enl. Sept. 18, ISOl ; pro. sergt. ; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Daniel Davis, Corp. Co. F, 4th Eegt. ; eul. Sept. 18,1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1804. Hiram Hurd, corp. Co. F, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. IT, lS64;pro. 1st sergt. May 11, 1605 ; pro. 2d lieut. Co. K, May 18,1865; disch. as 1st lieut. Aug. 2}, 1865. William A. Levi, musician, Co. C, 4lh Eegt. ; enl. Feb. 2S, 1862 ; re-enl. Feb. 25, 1804 ; absent, sick ; no discharge given. Andrew Munison, Co. F, 4th Kegt.; eul. Sept. 18, 1861; re-oul. Feb. 29, 1864 ; disch. Aug. 24, 1865. Noah S. Brown, musician, Co. F, 4tli Eegt. ; eul. Sept. 18, 1861 ; en-enl. Feb. IS, 1864; disch, June 12, 1S65. William Adams, Co. F, 4th Eegt.; eul. Spt, IS, 1861; disch. Oct. 5, 1802. James C. Abbott, Co. F, 4th Regt.; enl. Sept. IS, 1861 ; died Jan. 21, 1864. Charles W. Ayer, Co. F, 4th Regt.; eul. Sept. 18, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864. Michael Ball, Co. F, 4th Eegt. ; enl. Sept. IS, 1S61 ; re-onl. Feb. 10, 1864. George B. Brown, Co. F, 4th Regt, ; eul. See- Will Baptist Church. Jan. 20, 1819, a request was made by the people of Strafford Ridge to the New Durham Quarterly Meet- ing for a separation and for the organizing of a sep- arate church at that place, not because of any diffi- culty among them as to divisions or disputes, but for convenience and better accommodations. This re- quest was granted, and Elders Place, Merrill, and Peavey were appointed a committee to meet the peo- ple at the Ridge on the first Saturday in February, 1819, to acknowledge them the Third Church and to assist them in organizing. The meeting was organized on the above date by choosing Rev. Enoch Place moderator, and Rev. J. L. Peovey clerk. (From the records.) "Now when the brethren had gathered together at the school- house on the Ridge, on the 1st Saturday in February, 1819, agreeable to appointment, they came to the fol- lowing conclusion by the Grace of God. " We, whose names are hereafter subscribed, having given ourselves unto the Lord, do give ourselves to one another in the Lord, by the will of God, consid- ering ourselves a church of Christ, intending to watch over one another in love, striving together for the things which make for peace and things whereby we may edify one another. Owning the Scriptures to be our rule of faith and practice and all the saints of God our brethren, we intend to comfort ourselves iu the Lord together and edify one another even as also we do. And to know them which labor among us and are over us in the Lord and admonish, and to esteem them very highly for their work sake and be at peace among ourselves. To warn them that are unruly, comfort the feeble-minded, support the weak, be patient to all men. To render not evil for evil to any man, but ever follow that which is good, both among ourselves and to all men, praying the God of love and peace to aid us in all our journey from this to the eternal world, and preserve us blameless soul, body, and spirit unto his heavenly kingdom." Ebenezer Kelley. Priscilla Foss. John Winkley. Mary Caverly. John B. Foss, Jr. Anna Drew. Jerusha Foss. Sarah Drew. Timothy Foss. Mary Drew. George Foss, Jr. Jane Foss. Joshua Foss, Jr. Mary Huntress. Joseph Hill. Hannah Foss. William Foss (3d). Sarah Foss. Richard B. Foss. Amy Foss. Joseph Huckins. Abigail Foss. Samuel Kelley. Sarah Foss. James Foss (4th). Judith A. Shepherd. Mesech Drew. Sally Shepherd. Simon Foss. Eliza Shepherd. Moses Sawyer. Sally Hill. Joshua Foss (4th). Polly Hill. Joseph Roberts. Kathrine Hill. James Tuttle. Susan Hodgdon. John Tuttle. Betsey Pearcy. Woodbury Foss. Sally Foss. James C. Gate. Betsey Foss. James Tuttle (3d). Betsey Daniels. John Rowe. Elizalaeth Brown. Sarah Foss. Olive Twobly. Mary Huckins. Anna Drew. Hannah Huckins. Deborah Kelly. Elizabeth Foss. Sarah Tuttler. Eleanor Muncy. Sally Tuttle. Alice Foss. Esther Tuttle. Eliza Foss. Polly Hall. Elizabeth Foss. Ehoda Clark. Sarah Foss. Alice Clark. Alice Foss. Sarah Rowe. Abigail Foss. Mary Smith. Hannah Foss. Lydia Smith. Abigail Foss. Sarah Smith. Sarah Foss. STRAFFORD. 707 The following is a list of ministers who have been settled over this church, with date of settlement: Revs. Enoch Place, 1819 ; Ammi R. Bradbury, 1855 ; Arthur Caverno, 1858; D. P. Harriman, 1859 ; Uriah Chase, 1865; I. M. Bedell, 1866; Caleb C. Foster, 1872 ; C. E. Handy, 1873 ; S. C. Kimball, 1875 ; L. H. Winalow, 1880. During the thirty-six years' pastorate of the Rev. Enoch Place he preached but one-half the time, two Siibbaths per month ; the other Sabbaths the pulpit was occupied at intervals by Elders Sherburn, P. S. Burbank, John Winkley, Nathan Caverno, and others. The first clerk of this church was William Foss (3d), 1819, succeeded by Rev. Enoch Place, 1821; Wil- liam B. Foss, 1842; J. H. Montgomery, 1845 ; Warren Foss, 1848 ; Alfred Tasker, 1877, present clerk. The first church was built in 1800. It was a large church, with square high-backed pews, and a gallery running round three sides of the house. There were no means of lighting or heating; evening service and service during severe weather being held in the academy. The pulpit was high and elaborate. This church was taken down in 1857, and a new church built, in which service is held at the present time. The Bow Lake meeting-house was erected in 1843, as a Union Church, and occupied as such till 1859. Rev. John Caverly and Enoch Place, Free-Will Baptists, and the Rev. George W. Ashby, Baptist, occupied the pulpit. In 1859 the Bow Lake Free-Will Baptist Church was organized, with Rev. Levi B. Tasker as pastor, William P. Hall, deacon, and Orin T. Hill, clerk. The meeting-house was dedicated to the Free-Will Baptists, Nov. 14, 1859. The church, when organized, consisted of twenty-four members, as follows : L. B. Tasker, M. H. Tasker, W. P. Hall, Eliza Hall, C. M. Thompson, Dyre Hall, Daniel D. Caverly, Orin T. Hill, Mary E. Hill, Reuben Critchett, Betsey Critchett, George W. Buzzell, Mary Babb, Jeremiah Caverno, Dolly H. Caverno, Almira J. Hill, Elizabeth Roberts, M. A. Huckins, C. A. Hill, A. W. Hill, Susan Rob- erts, William Thompson, Mary Tasker, and Deborah Thompson. The Rev. L. B. Tasker presided over the church as pastor for three years, and was succeeded by Rev. Joseph Brown. In 1864, Samuel B. Gray was chosen second deacon. Rev. Joseph Brown remained as pastor till 1865. Since then the successions have been Revs. C. C. Ed- gerly, Levi Bracket, Thomas Keniston, D. I. Quint, Frank Browne, Edwin Smith, Royal McDonald, and W. F. Young. Deacon William P. Hall died June 17, 1873, and William Cate was chosen his successor Sept. 17, 1873. Present membership sixty-four.' ■ The history of this church was kindly furnished by Samuel B. Qrny, clerk. A church was organized in North Strafibrd, con- sisting of seventy members, early in the summer of 1781, and Elder Joseph Boody was its pastor for thirty years, since which time what few records there are are singularly deficient in anything that can be called church history. Strafford Union Academy, situated on Strafford Ridge, was incorporated in 1832. The names of the individuals who procured the act of incorporation were William Foss, Daniel Winkley, Job Otis, Enoch Place, Samuel P. Montgomery, John Caverly, B. W. Jenness. The act was changed, and the name adopted was Strafford Academy. The change was made to enable the corporation to hold more property than t^je first act permitted. The institution was very successful for many of the first years of its existence. A Mr. Austin, of Portsmouth, N. H., left to the institution a legacy of five thousand dollars. There arising some division among the stockholders, the money never has been received. In the mean time the academy has ceased to be what it was in its early days. It is considered a Free-Will Baptist in- stitution. There was a Methodist Church organized, and a meeting-house built, half a mile above Strafford Cor- ner, about fifty years ago, but the 'church and the meeting-house have long since been numbered among the things that were. Daniel Winkley, son of Deacon John Winkley, was born on the " old home" in what is now the town of Strafford, N. H., May 26, 1792. His ancestor, Samuel Winkley (spelled sometimes Winckley), was the origin of the large family of that name in America. He came from Lancashire, England, to Portsmouth, N. H., about 1680. The family coat-of-arms is thus described: "An eagle displayed, counter etranged : argent: gules. Motto, ' sper.' " Samuel settled first in Kittery, Me., where, in 1684, he married Sarah, daugh- ter of Francis Trickey. They lived on Crooked Lane, on a lot of land granted to her father by the town of Kittery in 1656. They afterwards removed to Ports- mouth, where he engaged in trade and commerce, and died in 1736, over seventy years old. They had children, — SamueP, Francis' (born 1689, died April 22, 1776), Nicholas, William, Sarah (married Tobias Langdon, father of Governor John Langdon), Eliza- beth (married Samuel Weeks, of Boston). His will, dated Portsmouth, N. H., Nov. 13, 1722, contains a clause giving his son Francis a Bible which was his father's, and this Bible is now in possession of a de- scendant in Barrington. Francis Winkley succeeded to the land of his grandfather Trickey, in Kittery. His occupation was boat-building. His brothers all dying young, he also is the common ancestor of all the Winkleys of this stock. He married Mary, daugh- ter of Rev. John Emerson, of Portsmouth. They had seven children, — John (born 1726, died March 31, 1811, aged eighty-five), Elizabeth (born 1728, died at ro8 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Barrington, 1806, aged seventy-eight), Samuel (bom March 9, 1731, died Nov. 29, 1807, aged seventy-six), Francis^ (born 17.3.3, died Oct. 9, 1818, aged eighty- five), Mary (born 1736, died in Boston, Dec. 1, 1776, aged forty), Emerson (born 1738, died at Barrington, Sept. 17, 1810, aged =eventy-tn'o), and Sarah (born 1740, died Feb. 6, 1803, aged sixty-three). Samuel Winkley, son of Francis', was a joiner, serving his time with Mark Langdon, of Portsmouth. He married Mary, daughter of Samuel Brewster and Margaret Waterhouse, Lis wife, of that place, and, tra- dition .=ay?. granddaughter of Elder John Brewster of the "Mayflower." She was born April 13, 1734, and died Nov. 3, 181G, aged eighty-two. Her maternal L'reat-grandfather, Richard Waterhou-e. owned and occupied Pierce's Island, near Portsmouth, in 1688. Samuel Winkley settled in Barrington, was a pioneer farmer, and with patient and untiring energy carved ii home for his children from the primitive ftire-t. The children of this worthy couple were Sainuel*, Francis I'a Shaker elder). Mehetable, William, John, Elizabeth, Benjamin, David, and ilary. John, born Nov. 17. 1766, attained the aie of seventy-six years, dying Jan. 8. 1843 ; was for many years a farmer in Stra^urd. Possessed of great natural abilities and physical strength, he was ble^t with content, and by diligence and much hard work wa-s successful finan- cially. He cared nothing for political strife, but was deeply religious, carrying his Chri-tianity into his daily life. He was for many years a pillar of the ! First Free-WiU Baptist Church, and was ever its I deacon. The people of the community were anami- mous in pronouncing " Deacon John Wintly one of the ' salt' of the earth." He married Mary, daughter of Richard Swain, of Barrington, Nov. 14,1791. They had nine children, six attaining maturity. At pre>- eut writing (1882 but two (the oldest and the youngest;, Daniel and Man.- A. (Mrs. D. K. Mont- gomery, of Portsmouth), are living. Daniel Winkley ! was educated at Phillips' Exeter Academy ; has al- ways been a farmer; when a young man, as all true tvpes of New England do, taught district school, and for thirteen consecutive winter terms. He has in his long and industrious life engaged in numerous avoca- tions, as carpenter, painter, etc. ; as surveyor has per- haps run more lines than any other in the county, and still, at more than ninety years, can do his wnrk as well as when but forty. He married, March •2(>. 1816, Sarah, daughter of Hon. Job Otis, and settled in Oxford, N. H., where their three children, Otis P., John A., and Daniel S., were bom (the two la'*t are deadi. 3Ir. Winkley moved to Strafford again in 1824, and lived witli his parents, taking charge of their affairs, remaining until 1857. He was clifj-c:i selectman in 1832-33. 1830^0; representative to State Legi-lature in 1834-3-5 ; has been justice of the peace, ju.stice of the quorum, or notary public, consecutively from 1834. In early life he was a Federalist in poli- tics, later on a Whig, and was one of seven in town to first espouse the Free-Soil movement, and from the formation of the Republican party has been unswerv- ingly true to its teaching-s. He was nominated by the Whigs for State Senator in 1840, and in two years re- duced the Democratic majority from five hundred to fifty. But it was his interest in education and liis connection with Strafford Union Academy that makes him most endeared to the people of hi-s native town. He was the principal one to secure its location by the Free- Will Baptist Church ; when the church withdrew he again was one of the principal actor- in saving tlie school, and no man has expended more, in proportion to hi- ability, than he, that the rising generation might be properly educated. He was made one «:' the trustee^ of the academy on organization, and ;t 11 hold< that position. Independent in religious belie!', he is broad and charitable, and ever esteemed for his I'er-onal worth and excellence of character. He re- moved to Maiden, Ma--., in 18-57. stayed there nine years, then returned to Srr.ifford, where, :-trong in mind and young in appearance, and with the wife with whom he has lived sixty-^ix years, i-, from the stand-point of ninety years, looking forward to the last twilight of life with trusting confidence. Civil List. BETEESEyTAUVZS. i;-2i. .-Vzarirtb WalJron. lS2-t Tobi.'is KoUerls. 1:2-2. T >b 0- i. Azariali Waldron. Tubiasr.jl«rt>. 1525. TuLi! ! Koberts. li.i. Andrew- Lei^liton. Xo cboice for tbc othoT. 3'jh Oil-.. IS2':-27 X->n-pres<-ntiliTC-=cboecn STRAFFORD. 7( 1G28. Job Otis. BenniiigW. Jennesa. Ifi29. Bonning W. Jenuess. Amos Tebbelts. 1830. Joliii rei-kins. Elieha Tasker. 1831. John Perkins. Elisha Tasker, lS.i2. John Perkins. Isnipl Hull. IS-yi. Tsniel Hall, Jr. AVilliiini Tiisker. 1834. William Tasker. Daniel Wiokley. 1835. Diinit'l Winkley. Ilvidson Peave.v. 1836. Hudson Peavcy. Only one tins year. 1837. N'o representative. 1838. Samnel P. Montgomery. Joshua Woodman. 1839. Samuel P. Montgomery. Joshua "Woodman. 1840. Paul Perkins. Elisha Weeks. 1S41. Paul Pel kins. James B. Fuss. 1842. James B. Foss. William Berry. 1843. Stephen Young. Andrew D. Leigbton. 1844. Andrew D. Leighton. Stephen Young. 1S45. Charles Caverly. Eliphalet Foss. 1846. Charles Caverly. Eliphalet Foss. 1847. Benjamin E. Woodman. Benjamin T. Foes. 1848. Benjamin E. AVoodman. Benjamin T. Foss, 1849. John Uuckins. John Saunders. 1830. Stephen Leighton. Nathitniel Locke. 1851. John Huckins. John Saunders, 1S52. Joshua Roberts. Nathaniel Brock. 1853. Jacob Drew. Ezia Drown. 1854. Jacob Drew. John Peavy. TOWN 1820-24. Willinni Fofb, 3d. 1824-28. George W. Foss. 1828-33, Enoch Place. 383;j-35. Samuel P. Montgomery. 1835-37. David K. Montgomery. 1837-38. Enoch Place. 1838-47. Benjamin E, Woodman. 1847-49. William Strachn. 1849-51. David K. Montgomery. 1851-54. Joseph A. Clough. 1854. Demeritt Place.2 1854-55. Alfred Tasker. 185.5-50, Charles F. Montgomerj'. 1850-59. Mark K. Foss. 1855. Andrew J. Otis, Joseph A. Clough. 185G. Aaron W. Foss. Dennis Babb. 1857. Aaron W. Foss. Thomas Scruton. 1858. ITezekiah Berry. John K. Evans. 1859. John C. Huukina. David K. Slontgomery. 1860. Isaiah D. Edgerly. Daniel J. Holmes. 18G1. Joshua Oti^. Charles F. Montgomery. 1862. John W^ Jewell. Cyrus Wingate. 1803. George C. Pi nkham. Paul Perkins. 1804. James Tuttle. Robert W. Foss. 1865. Nehemiah C. Twombly. Rufus Hall. 1866. Durban D. Caswell. Warren H. Perkins. 18G7. Thomas Berry. Azariah Foss. 1868. Jeremiiih F. Ilanscom. Samuel Tasker. 18G9. Daniel J. Holmes. One vacancy. 1870. Cotton H. Foss. Jeremiah Tasker. 1871. John Saunders. Mark K. Foss. 1872. John Saunders. Mark K. Fusa. 1873. Joseph L. Hall. George W, Boody. 1874. Joseph L.Hall. George W, Boody. 1875. IJichard W. Foss. Lyman W Foss. 1S76. Richard W. Fuss. Lyman W. Foss. 1877. Joseph A. Whitcber. John IM. Whitchouse. 1878. Joseph A. Whitcher. John ~M. Wbitehouse. 1879. Entitled to one representa- tive, elective once in two years. Chailea C. Robinson. 1880. Cyrus G. Scott. CLERKS.i I 1859-62. Richard W. Foss. 18G2-65. Mark Foss. j 1865-66. Johns. Foss. 186G-68. Lafayette Chesley. 1868-69. Mark K, Fuss. 1869-71. M'illiam C. Foss, 1871-72. John C. Hayes. 1872-74. Haven B. Foss. 1874-76. John C.Hayes. 1876-78. Haven B. Foss. 1878-79. Albert C. Foss. 1879-81. Hiram S. Hill. 1881. Loring K. Foss. 1821. Tobias Roberts. Joseph Huckins. Paul Perkins. SELECTMEN. 1822. Joseph Huckins. Joshua Otis. Azariah Waldron. 1 An act of the Legislature to divide the town of Barrington passed June 17, 1820. - By appointment. 1823. Joshua Otis. Elisha Tasker. Thomas Ohick. 1824. Joshua Otis. Elisha Tasker. Thomas Chick. 1825. Jo.shua Otis. Elisha Tasker. Thomas Chick. 1826. Joseph Huckins. James Demerritt. William Tasker. 1827. Joseph Huckins. James Demeritt. William Huckins. 1828. Joshua Otis. Elisha Tasker. John Perkins. 1829. Joshua Otis. John Perkins. Elisha Tasker. 1830. Tobias Roberts. Israel Hall, Jr. James B Foss. 1831. Tobias Roberts. Israel Hall, Jr. James B. Foss. 1832. Daniel Winkley. Joshua Wingate. William Tasker. 1833. Daniel Winkley. Barbar Gray. Joshua Woodman. 1834. Joshua Woodman. / Janies B. Foss. Barbar Gray. 1835. James B. Foss, John Wingate. (Jliarlcs Caverly. 183G. Charles Caverly. Joshua Otis. Israel Hall, Jr. 1837. Dennis Babb. Joseph Caverly. David K. Montgomery. 1838. Dennis Babb. Elisha Tasker. David K. Montgomery. 1839. Elisha Tasker. Stephen Young. Daniel Winkley. 1840. Stephen Young. Daniel Winkley. Benning W. Jenness. 1841. Andrew D. LeigHton. Eliphalet Fos'. William Holms. 1842. Andrew D. Leighton. Eliphalet Foss. William Holms. 1843. George W. Caverno. Samuel P. Montgomery. Israel Foss, Jr. 1844. George W. Caverno, Samnel P. Montgomery. Israel Foss, Jr. 1845. Samnel Durgin, Jr. John Huckins. John H. Scott, 1846. John Saunders, William Tasker. Thomas Scruton, 1847. John Saunders. William Tasker. Thomas Scrnton, 1848. Stephen Leighton. Stephen Young. 1848. Rufus Hall, 1849. William L. Hiil. Joshua Roberts. Warren Foss. 1850. Jacob Drew, Rufus Hall. Thomas Berry. 1851. Jacob Drew. Thomas Berry. John H. Evans, 1852. Cornelius Caswell. Lewis Stiles, John L. Swain. 1853. Cornelius Caswell. Lewis Stiles. John L. Swain, 1854. William Fos^, Jr. John F, Young- Jchoah Tuttle. 1855. Benjamin T. Berry, Caleb Hanson. Ebenezer F. Hanson, 1S50. EzraDrowne, Daniel L. Babb, Thomas Caswell, 1857. Micajah S. Hanscom. Thomas Caswell. Azariah Foss, 1858. Micajah S, Hanscom. Azariah Foss, John J, Leighton. 1859. John J, Leighton, Paul Perkins. Joshua Otis. 1800. Abrani S. Clark, Joshua Otis. James Tuttle. 1801. Paul Perkins. James Tuttle. Durban D. Caswell, 1802. Paul Perkins. Dui-ban D. Ca.swell. Jeremiah S WJnkley. 1863. Jacob B. Smith. Stephen Leighton. Joseph A. Whitclter, 18G4. Jacob B. Smith. Stephen Leighton. Joseph A. Whitcher. 1805. Jacob B. Smith. Aaron W, Foss. Jeremiah F. Hanscom, 18G0. Aaron W. Foss. Jeremiah F. Hanscom. Asa H. Tuttle. 18G7, Joshua Otis. A^a H. Tuttle. Lyman W. Foss. 18€S, Paul Perkins. Lyman W. Foss- John O. Boody. 1809. Robert B. Peavey. Warien Foye. George N. Foss, 1870. Robert B. Peavey. Warren Foye. George N. Fosi. 1871. Abram S. Clark. Josliua Otis. Nathaniel B. Batchelder 1872. Abram S. Clark. Joshua Otis. JoMcph 0. Caswell. 1873. Abram S, Clark. Joshua Otis. Joseph 0. Caswell. 1874. Jolin n. Perry. 710 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 1874. Horace W. Evans. Charlos \V. Touug. 1875. John H. Perry. Horace W. Evans. Charles "W. Young. 187C. John H. Pcrrj-. Cyrus G. Scott. John F. Foss. 1877. Gyrus G. Scott. John S. Fosa. Charles D. Scruton. 1878. Charles D. Scruton. John W. Jewell. 1878. John 0. Boody. 1879. John 0. Boody. Daniel Huckliis. Warren H. Perkins. 1880. John 0. Boody. Warren H. Perkins. Daniel Huckins. 1881. Warren H. Perkins. John C. Hayes. Lovell F. Berry. 1882. Warren H. Perkins. J«hn C. Hayes. Lovell F. Berry. The first delegates to the Constitutional Convention to revise the Constitution of New Hampshire were Benning W. Jenness, Samuel P. Montgomery. The delegates for revision, in 1876, were Aaron W. Fqss, Jacob B. Smith. From the town records we find that Job Otis, Aza- riah Waldron, Tobias Roberts, by act of the Legisla- ture of New Hampshire, were authorized to call the first town-meeting. In 1827, at a special meeting called for the purpose, it was voted " that no ardent spirit be sold within one-half mile of the place of the town meeting." Also the following is from the records : " STEiFroED, March 1, 1823. " This may certify that we the suhscrihers selectmen approve of George W. Foss to be a suitable person to sell and mix gpiritous liquors such as rum, wine, brandy, gin for two days at the Ridge Meeting-Uouse on the 11th and 12th days of March inst. "JosHVA Otis. -v Selectmen " AzARiAH Walukon. y of " Joseph Hucki.vs. ) Strafford. " A true copy of record ) "Attest I "^^^^^-^^ Foss, 3d, Toun clerk." The Bow Lake Building Association at Bow LaJ^e was organized the present year. Its object was to build a suitable building for manufactory of ladies' and misses' boots and shoes, and to give the rent for a term of years to responsible parties who would come there and occupy and carry on the shoe business. The capital stock is divided into shares of twenty- five dollars each, to enable men of small means to take stock and encourage the enterprise. The officers of the association are : President, John W. Jewell ; Vice-President, John F. Munson ; Secretary, John E. Waldron; Treasurer, John W. Perry; Board of Di- rectors, Azariah Waldron, Dearborn D. Caswell, Jon- athan C. Waldron, Alonzo M. Foss, Daniel S. Wood- man, John D. Clarke, James Walker, and Daniel Clay. The shoe manufactory built at Bow Lake by the Bow Lake Building Association the present year, and just completed, is thirty feet wide, sixty feet long, two stories high, with a basement, and is to be run by steam-power. It is capable of accommodating from seventy-five to one hundred hands. Messrs. Austin & Parker, of Lynn, Mass., are to move here and oc- cupy it, and will carry on the manufactory of ladies' and misses' kid and goat boots for the New England trade. They are young men thoroughly acquainted with the business, and there is no reason why they will not succeed. They are backed by some of the best citizens with all the capital they need. MILITARY RECORD, 1861-65. Second Ecgiment New Hampshire Volu-vieeti Infantiiy Keceuits. Joseph D. Boyd, Co. I ; enl. Dec. 2, 1863 ; absent, sick, Dec. 19, 1865 ; no discbarge furnished. Johnson, John J., Co. B ; enl. Jan. 4, 1864 ; trans, from Co. 1, 13th N. H. v., June 21, 1865; must out June 21, 1865. Johnson,Gray W., Co. B; enl. Jan. 4, 1864; trans, from Co. 1, 13th N. H. v., June 21, 1863; must, out Dec. 19, 1865. Smith, Richard, Co. I; enl. Dec. 2, 1863. Stael, Franz, Co. I; enl. Dec. 2, 1863; must, out July 1, 1865. Third Eegimekt New Hampshiee Volunteee Ixfaktet. Campbell, Nathaniel J., Co. H ; enl. Aug. 24, 1861 ; reduced to the ranks May 30, 1863 ; ro-enl. Feb. 13, 1864. Huckins, Azariah W., Co. H ; enl. Aug. 24, 1861 ; died of disease at Hil- ton Head, S. C, Aug. 20, 1862. Scruton, Clark, Co. H ; enl. Aug. 24, 1861 ; -wounded slightly July 18, 1863 ; re-enl. Feb. 19, 1864. Clark, John, Co. II ; enl. Dec. 10, 1864 ; must, out July 20, 1865. Hines, James, Co. I ; enl. Dec. 10, 1864. Fourth Regiment New Hampshire Voluxteee Infantey. Pillsbury, Moses W,, Co. E; enl. Sept. 18,1861; discharged for disability at Morris Island, S. C, Oct. 27, 1863. Jenness, John M.. Co. E ; enl. Feb. 25, 1864 ; captured April 9, 1865 ; re- leased April 29, 1865; must, out June 5, 1865 ; re-enl. veteran. Fifth Regiment New Hampshire "Volunteer Infantry. Brown, James, Co. C; enl. Dec. 4, 1863 ; absent, sick, .Tune 28, 1865. Carlisle, James, Co. C; enl. Dec. 4,1863; disch. for disability Oct, 10, 1865. Hunter, James, Co. C; enl. Sept. 14, 1865; must, out June 28, 1865. Mercier, Charles, Co. C ; enl. Aug. 12, 1363 ; must, out June 28, 1865. Underbill, William H., Co. E; enl. Aug. 20, 1864. Sixth Regi-mf.nt New Hampshire Volunteer Infantey; Creamer, Alonzo D., Co. G; enl. July 2, 1864; trans, from Co. G, 11th N. H. v., June 1, 1865 ; must, out July 17, 186.5. Williamson, James, Co. I ; enl. Aug. 14,1863 ; absent, sick, since May 27, 1864 ; no discharge furnished. Seventh Regiment New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry. Johnson, Henry, Co. D; enl. Dec. 2,1863; wounded severely, Feb. 26, 1864; wounded June 16, 1864; died of wounds at Hampton, Va., June 25,1864. Rand, William E., Co. I ; enl. Aug. 11, 1864 ; must, out July 20, 1865. Caverly, Cyrus G., Co. A ; enl. Feb. 27, 1864 ; captured near Richmond, Va., Sept. 27, 1804 ; died at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 25, 1864; re-enl. veteran. Tuttle, Joseph W., Co. A ; enl. Feb. 24, 1864 ; -nounded at Deep Run, Va., Aug. 16, 1864 ; pro. to Corp. June 1, lS65 ; must, out July 20, 1865 ; re-enl. veteran. Eighth New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry. Prescott, Thomas C, capt. Co. H ; com. May 25, 1863 ; must, out Jan. 18, 1865. Prescott, John H., capt. Co. G ; com. Dec. 20, 1861 ; pro. to maj. July 16, 1863. Prescott, Thomas C, sergt. Co. G ; must, in Dec, 31, 1861 : pro. to sergt.- maj. Nov. 16, 1862. Prescott, John H., corp. Co. G ; enl. Dec. 23, 1861; pro. to sergt. July 11, 1802; re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Eastman, George H,, Co. G; enl. Jan. 4,1864; cap. at Yellow Bayou, La,, May 16, 1864; released; pro, to crirp, Nov, 1, 1864; trans, to Co, B, Vet, Batt,, 8th N. H, Vols,, Jan, 1, 1865, Prescott, John H,, Co, G; enl, Jan, 4, 1864 ; pro, to 2d lient,, to date Dec, 16,1863, Veteran Battalion, Eighth New Hampshiee Volunteer Infantry. Eastman, George H., Co, G ; pro. to corp. July 1, 1865; must, out Oct. 2.S, 1865. Eleventh Regiment New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry. Bones, Thomas, Co. H ; enl. Dec. 4, 1803. Legvo, Alexis, Co. A ; enl. Dec. 22, 1863 ; wounded slightly Juno 7, 1864; disch. for dis. March 20, 1805. STRAFFORD. ni SIraub, William, Co. G; enl. Dec. 10, 1803. KalsteHd, Wulstonholme, Co. G; enl. Dec. 23, 1863; pro. to Corp. Mardi 1, 18G5 ; pro. to sergt. May 1, 1805 ; trans, to N. H. Vols. June 1, 1805. TlIIRTKENTH ReQIMEST NeW HAMrSHIRE YOT.UNTKEE INFANTRY. Hubbard, W. Hall, capt. ; com. March 1, 1805 ; miist. out June 21, 1805. Woodman, Charles A., 2(1 lient.; com. June 15, 1805; not must.; must. out as 1st sergt. June 21, 1865. Hall, Charles C, musician; enl. April 28, 1804; died of dis. Jan. 22, 1805. Pai-shley, John D., sergt. Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; must, out June 21, 1865. Woodman, Charles, sergt. Co. F ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802 ; pro. to 1st sergt. July 1, 1803 ; wounded slightly June 3, 1304 ; pro. to 2d lieut. June 15, 1805. Evans, Alpheus D., corp. Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; died of dis. at New- port News, Va., March 8, 1803. Prime, Joseph H., corp. Co. F ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802 ; disch. by Order No. 4, 1803. Parshley, Augustine S., corp. Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; trans, to V. K. C. Nov. 13, 1803; must, out June 20, 1805. Foss, Albert H., Co. B; enl. Sept. 18, 1802; must, out June 21, 1805. Boberts, Tobias, Co. B ; enl. Sept. 18, 1802 ; must, out June 21 , 1805. Evans, Joseph S., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; wounded severely June 1, 1804; must, out June 21, 1805. Edgerly, Charles E., Co. F ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; died of dis. at W^ashing- ton, D. C, March 8, 1803. Fobs, Azariah J., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; wounded May 3, 1803; died of wounds at Suffolk, Va., May 7, 1803; interred at Suffolk, Va. Berry, William F., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802 ; disch. for disability at Porfsmoulh Grove, B. I., May II, 1804. Berry, Charles H., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; must, out June 21, 1805. Foss, Lemuel P., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; must, out June 28, 1805. Foss, George W., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; died of disease at Concord, N. H., Oct. 16, 1804. Hanscom, George H., Co. F ; enl. Sept. 19, 18C2 ; pro. to corp. ; wounded slightly June 15, 1884; must, out May 19, 1805. Hubbard, John, Co. F ; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; disch. for disability at Ports- mouth Grove, E. I., May 29, 1863. Hall, Daniel D., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; pro. to corp. Aug. 1, 18C3; pro. to sergt. May 0, 1804; wounded severely Sept. 29, 1804; must, out June 21, 1805. Hall, A. C, Co. F ; enl. Sept. 23, 1862 ; disch. for disability at Philadel- phia, Pa., Jan. 15, 1803. Peavey, E, B., Co. F : enl. Sept. 19, 1802 ; died of disease at Portsmouth, Va., March 19, 1864. Seaward, Joel D., Co. F; enl.Sept. 19, 1802; disch. for disability at Ports- mouth, Va., Sept. 23, 1803. Seaward, George A., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; must, out Juno 21, 1865. Thompson, David, Co. F ; enl. Sept 19, 1862 ; disch. for disability at Phila- delphia, Pa., April 13, 1863. Tuttle, Darius, Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1802; wounded slightly June 3, 1864; wounded slightly Sept. 29 ; must, out June 21, 1865. Tuttle, Joseph A., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; died of disease at Ports- mouth, Va., June 27, 1863. Thompson, Hiram S, Co. F; enl.Sept. 19, 1802; must, out June 21,1865. Weutivorth, Charles F., Co. F; enl. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. for disability at Camp Cisey, Va., Nov. 8, 1802. Fifteenth Eeoiment New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry. Foss, John S., Co. G. ; enl. Oct. 18, 1S62 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803 ; sick at Strafford, N. H. Avery, John W., Co. G ; enl. Oct. 15, 1862 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863; sick at Strafford, N. H. Winkley, Mark H., Co. G ; enl Oct. 16, 1862 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863 ; sick at Strafford, N. H. Wingate, Albert G., Co. G; enl. Oct. 15, 1862; died of disease at Port Hudson, July 12, 1863. Howard, Martin V., Co. B; wounded. Eiohteenth Keoiment New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry. Caswell, Samuel S , adjt.; com. May 19, 1805 ; must, out July 29, 1865. Caverly, Alonzo H., Co. C; enl. Sept. 14, 1864 ; re-enl. in the 1st Mass. Cav. Eaton, Samuel P., Co. C; enl. Sept. 14, 1804; must, out June 10, 1866. Evans, Enoch, Co. C ; enl. Sept. 14, 1804; must, out June 10, 1805. Hill, William E., Co. 0; eul. Sept. 17, 1864 ; must, out June 10, 1805. Tuttle, Daniel D., Co. C ; enl. Aug. 14, 1804 : must, out Juno 10, 1805. Ilerriman, Jeremiah P., Co. D; enl. Sept. 20, 1804 ; must, out June 10, 1805. Willis, John, Co. H ; enl. March 30, 1805. New Hamp-suirk Battvlion, First Regiment, New England Cavalry. Glidden, William II., enl. Oct. 24, 1801 ; pro. to Corp. June 1, 1802; re- enl. Jan. 5, 1804. First Regiment New Hampshire Volunteer Cavalry, Glidden, William II., corp ; enl. Jan. 5, 1864; trans, from Xroop H Jan. 1,1865; pro. to 1st sergt. Jan. 1, 1805; pro. to 2d lieut. June 10, 1805. Hall, Afa A., Troop H; enl. Jan. 2, 1804; wounded June 1.3, 1804; pro. to Corp. July 1, 1304; missing at Lacy Sinings, Va, Doc. 21, 1804; pro. to sergt. April 1,1805; disch. for disability, Daltimoro, Bid., Juno 25, 1805. First Regiment New Hampshire Heavy Artillery. Howard, George W., Co. D; enl. Sept. 4, 1804; trans, to Co. B June 10, 1805. Howard, Herbert B., Co D; enl. Sept. 4, 1804; died of disease at Fort Reynolds, Va., Nov. 2, 1864. Scruton, Clark, Co. D ; enl. Sept. 4, 1804. Dyke, Lyman, Co. I; enl. Sept. 7, 1804; must, out June 15, 1805. Balk, John Q., Co. I ; enl. Sept. 7, 1804 ; pro. to Corp. June 8, 1805 ; must. out June 30, 1807. Brown, Samuel F., Co. L ; enl. SepL 20, 1804 ; must, out June 15, 1805. Clungh, Moses B., Co. L; enl. Sept. 20, 1864; must out June 15, 1805. Kelley, Paul, Co. L; enl. Sept 20,1664; must out Juno 16, 1865. Caverly, Robert B., Co. M; enl. Dec. 18, 1863 ; must out June 9, 1865. Volunteer Band Tenth Army Corps. Boody, George W., enl. Sept. 23, 1804 ; must, out July 4, 1865. Enlistment in Vf.tgran Reserve Corps. Brown, Andrew H., enl. Dec. 29, 1803. Caverly, William B., enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Soldiers not Found in AD.inTANT-GBNERAT-'s Report of 1800. Caswell, Joseph F., 18th Begt., Co. D; must. Sept. 20, 1804. Bruster, Gilman T., 1st Begt H. Art., Co. K ; must. Sept 17, 1804. Davis, Luther W., 91h Kegt, Co. C; must July 17,1802; killed May 12,1804. Abbot, Orris S., must. Aug. 7, 1862; missing at Fredericksburg Dec. 18, 1802. Burk, Michael, 9th Regt., Co. A ; must Dec. 10, 1863 ; killed in action May 31,1864. Eobinson, Charles A, 13th Begt., Co. D; must. Sept. 18, 1802. Pease, Thomas S., 13tli Regt., Co. B; must Sept. 18, 1802. Peary, Samuel, 15th Begt, Co. G; must. Oct. 18, 1862; disch. Clark, George D, 15th Regt., Co. G ; must. Oct. 18, 18B2; disch. Aug. 13, 1863. Abbot, Oirin, 7th Regt., Co. H; must. Dec. 17, 1861; died July 20, 1804. Drew, Cyrns G., 13th Begt., Co. B ; must. Sept. 22, 1862. Pitman, Thomas, 15th Eegt, Co. G ; must. Oct. 18, 1862 ; nine-months' man. Miller, Levi, 7th Begt, Co. A; must Oct 29, 1 861 ; badly wounded in battle. Scruton, George H., 2d Regt., Co. D ; must June 1, 1861 ; disabled, and disch. June 17, 1803. States, Tobias, 7th Begt.. Co. A; disabled, and disch. July 21, 1863. Colbath, Charles A., 7lh Begt, Co. A ; must Nov. 29, 1801 ; Inft Brown, John W., 3d Begt, Co. H; must Aug. 24, 1801 ; Inft Brown, .Tared P., 3d Eegt. Co. H : must. Aug. 24, 1801 ; Inft Foss, Bichard T,, 7th Begt., Co. H; must. Dec. 17, 1801 ; Inft Bicks, George S., 129th N. Y. Regt., Co. A ; must. July 21, 1862. Hayes, Joseph H., 7th Eegt., Co. A ; must Nov. 29, 1801. Critchet, Luther C, 15th Regt, Co. G ; must. Nov. 0, 1862 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863. Emerson, Samuel M., 18th Regt, Co. C ; must. Sept. 14, 1864. Young, George W., 13th Regt., Co. F ; must. Sept. 19, 1802 ; trans, to Vet. Corps July 1,1863. Dufey, John, 14th Regt., Co. K ; must. Aug. 6, 1861 ; recruit. Foss, Ira, 13th Regt., Co. F ; must. Sept. 8, 1862 ; trans, to cavalry corps. The whole number of volunteers furnished by Strafford prior to May 1, 1863, as given in the jour- n2 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. jials of the Senate and House of Representatives, June session, 1863, is 132 ; since Avhich time the town has furnished drafted men, 25, and volunteers, 23, making a sum total, 180. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. HOX. BENNIIfG WENTWORTII JENNESS. Hon. Benning Wentworth Jenness was born in Deerfield, N. H., July 14, 1806. He received a good education at Bradford Academy, leaving there to begin business for himself at the early age of sixteen. In 1823 he moved to Strafford, where he successfully followed a general mercantile business for more than thirty years. He was postmaster of the place for fif- teen years; represented the town repeatedly in the lower branch of the State Legislature, beginning at the age of twenty-one. He held the office of high sheriff for five years in old Strafford County, which has since been divided into Belknap, Carroll, and Strafford Counties. After leaving that office he was appointed judge of probate, which position he retained five years, and then resigned to accept senatorial honors, al- though the terms of office were such that he could have remained in the former office until he was sev- enty years of age. In 1845 he was appointed United States senator, to fill the unexpired term of Hon. Levi Woodbury, appointed to the United States Supreme Court. In 1846 he was the Democratic candidate for United States senator, to succeed himself, but was de- feated by a coalition of Whigs and Free-Soilers. In 1847 he was candidate for United States Congress, receiving a plurality of votes, but, as the Constitution required a majority for election, there was no choice. A special election was holden, and again no choice, tlien the Legislature passed a law that a plurality should elect members to Congress, but the Whigs and Free-Soilers combined and he was defeated. In 1850 he was a member of the Constitutional Convention, at Concord, N. H., appointed to revise the Constitu- tion of the State. At the Democratic National Convention of 1852 the choice of a candidate for President of the United States was left by common consent to the New Hamp- shire delegation, and a caucus was called to choose the coming man. The names of Franklin Pierce and B. W. Jenness were presented. The balloting com- ]nenced ; there were nine delegates, and, the chairman not voting, the ballot stood four for each candidate; the chairman was called upon, and he gave a vote for Mr. Pierce, which nominated him and made him Presi- dent. Had Mr. Jenness received that one vote, he would in all probability have been elected President. He was nominated for Governor of New Hamp- shire in 1861, but withdrew in, favor of Gen. Stark, in a letter to the New Hampshire Gazette, dated Straf- ford, February 8th, which showed a statesman's com- prehension of the critical events of the times, a won- derful knowledge of constitutional law, and a love for the Union exceeded by none. After the above date he retired to private life, al- though often importuned to be a candidate for differ- ent offices. Judge Jenness moved to Cleveland, Ohio, to attend to the management of his financial interests, already large in that locality, in 1862, and at once engaged extensively in the lumber business, superintending the Cleveland branch, under the firm-name of B. W. Jenness & Co., while his partners attended to the manufacturing at the mills in Michigan. They did an extensive and profitable business. Judge Jenness remained in Cleveland until his decease, Nov. 16, 1879. At a meeting of the board of lumber dealers, to pay a tribute of respect to his memory, the remarks were highly eulogistic of his life and character, and proper resolutions were adopted. His remains were removed to Strafford, N. H., where, on the ensuing Sabbath, services were held at the Baptist Church. Rev. E. C. Cogswell, of North- wood, delivered an eloquent sermon, and the remains were interred in the family cemetery on the Shack- ford- Jenness homestead, where is erected a fine monu- ment. In 1827, Judge Jenness married Miss Nancy Walker Shackford, a daughter of Samuel Shackford, Esq., of Strafford, N. H. She was a lady of fine edu- cation and cultivation. She died at Cleveland, May 25, 1868, and her remains are deposited by the side of her husband. Of their two surviving children, Ellen married Hon. H. B. Wiggin, of Orange, N. J. ; Annie married Dr. H. L. Ambler, of Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 9, 1869. He married Mira, daughter of Joshua and Martha (Huckins) Woodman, of Strafford. She is a woman of rare amiability, and thoroughly devoted to her gifted husband. They had one child, Bessie W., who inherits many of her father's personal character- istics. Judge Jenness was a gentleman in the highest sense of the word ; not only his public but his pri- vate life manifested this fully. Kind-hearted and generous to the poor, none ever went from his door hungry. He was a man of excellent judgment and good business ability, quick to decide and act, and possessed of so much nobleness of character and genial frankness that it was a real pleasure to coun- sel with him and to receive his advice. His was an hospitable nature, and his ardent and active tempera- ment was as earnestly engaged in securing the comfort of all by whom he was surrounded as in the compli- cated and multifarious affairs of his immense busi- ness. His was a pleasant and happy home, made more so by his inestimable wife, who always anticipated his every want, and in his last illness watched over him 5»!<7- iy ,jy ^KS^^ ^^ c STRAFFORD. 713 ^vith tile devotion and tenderness that only a loving ^vife can give to a beloved husband. This tribute to l»s memory in this historical work is contributed by • He was rarely angry, having a most genial dis- position, and by his death the whole country lost one or Its profoundest statesmen, the community an unusu- ally useful citizen, his extended circle of friends one whose place can never be fully filled, and his family a model husband and father. JOHN IVOODMAX JEWELL. John Woodman Jewell, son of Milton and Nancy (Colley) Jewell, was born at Bow Lake, Strafford, N. H., July 26, 1831. His paternal grandfather, Simeon, was born in Brentwood, N. H., July 20, 1776 ; married Jane French (born in Salisbury, Mass., Oct. 28, 1766, died at Sanbornton, X. H., Jan. 11, 1838) at Deerfield, X. H., May 19, 1796, and soon afterward set- tled in Xorthfield, N. H., as a farmer. After some years' residence there he moved to Sanbornton, where he died at about the age of sixty-six years, Sept. 10, 1832. He left four children,— John, Milton, Betsey, and Samuel F., — and was known and prized for his probity and quiet, unassuming honesty and rectitude. His son, Milton, was born in Northfleld, July 2, 1803. AVhen about eighteen, Milton was apprenticed to learn the business of tanning and currying, after acquiring which he worked for a few years in Deer- field at his trade. In 1828 he came to Strafford, lo- cated at Bow Lake, and established a tannery there, with which he coupled the manufacturing of boots and shoes. He prospered in business until 1832, when the large dam of the Cocheco Manufacturing Company, at the outlet of Bow Lake, gave way, and his property was almost entirely ruined by the flood of escaping water. After this event he only followed Ills trade in a small way, but continued doing some- thing until 1865, when, his health growing very poor, he closed his business, and June 4, 1869, passed away, leaving to his descendants the record of an un- tarnished name. He married, Dec. 24, 1830, Nancy, daughter of Richard and Sarah Colley, of Madbury. She was born May 3, 1808, and died in Barrington, April 7, 1880. Their nine children were John W., Hannah E. (died young), Mary J. (Mrs. Wingate T. Preston, of Barrington), Asa W. (superintendent of ■water for Cocheco Manufacturing Company, at Dover),. Charles M. (deceased), Cyrena T. (deceased), Enoch T. (deceased), Betsey A. (deceased), and Samuel F., of Barrington. Mr. Jewell was an unyielding Demo- crat. Both he and his wife were for years valued members of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and he was universally known as one of the most benevolent of men, and an accommodating neighbor. His honesty was so rigid as to make him almost unjust to himself. Pleasant and social in his intercourse with all, he was highly esteemed. John W. Jewell early learned to labor. When but five years old he was tied in a chair and set to drive a horse to grind bark in his father's tan-yard, and from that day onward he has never shrank from earnest discharge of such of life's laborious duties as have fallen to his lot. He early and thoroughly learned his father's trade. When he was eighteen, his father consenting, he commenced working for himself on a farm. After a short time he was taken ill, and returned home. The next spring he expended the money he had then earned in attending Gilman- ton Academy. Then for three successive summers he worked in a steam saw-mill, teaching school during the winter, and in the spring and fall attend- ing Strafford Seminary (now Austin Academy) and Gilmanton Academy. In 1853 he went to Newmarket as "second hand" in the cloth-room of the New- market Manufacturing Company, but soon went to Manchester, whence in a very short period of time he returned to Newmarket, and spent one year as clerk forS. A. & B. F. Haley, merchants ; then, at the urgent request of Hon. B. W. Jenness, the leading business man of Strafford, he entered his employ, and remained with him until 1864, when Mr. Jenness re- moved to Ohio, and Mr. Jewell purchased his stock of goods at Bow Lake, and has been since, and now is, the leading merchant of the town. He has been successful and popular. His counsel has been valued and sought in every important matter in town for years, and his cautious and at the same time progressive advice has been of public and private benefit. He is one of the standard- bearers of the Democracy of this section, and has often been honored by political trust. He has been moderator, superintendent of schools, and selectman. He repre.sented Strafford in the State Legislature of 1862, and was sheriff of Strafford County from 1874 to 1876. He was placed in nomination in 1878 by the Democratic Senatorial Convention as its candi- date for State senator, and received by far the largest number of votes cast, but failed of an election, as he had not a majority, but a plurality, — a third ticket (Greenback) drawing sufficient votes to defeat him. For ten years he was postmaster under Pierce, Bu- chanan, and Johnson, and for a number of years has been a member of the Democratic State Committee. He married, Oct. 9, 1853, Sarah Folsom Gale, daughter of Bartholomew Gale, of Upper Gilman- ton, now Belmont. They have three children, — ■ Sarah A. (born Aug. 21, 1856 ; married Rev. W. W. Browne, of Evansville, Wis., now pastor of Free- Will Baptist Church at Gonic, N. H.), John Herbert (born Sept. 10, 1859; now partner with his. father in merchandising under the firm-title of J. W. Jewell & Son), auG Mertie Folsom (born Sept. 10, 1859). Mr. Jewell has ever been active in all matters for the improvement and advancement of his town and county, and is, in the best sense of the word, a"'" self- made man." Commencing life without a dollar, lie is to-day in ample circumstances, the result of his 714 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. business energy and thrift, and is one of the largest tax-payers in town. He occupies a very prominent position in social, political, and business circles, and is probably more extensively acquainted and known by a wider range of people than any other resident of Strafford. He is one of his native town's best representatives, is a member of TTnited Order of Golden Cross, director in Xorthwood Mutual Benefit Association, and president of Bow Lake Building Association. To Mr. Jewell are the people of Bow Lake largely indebted for the shoe manufactory just completed, which, beyond doubt, will prove one of the most important industries of the future here. Through his efforts entirely have the Boston and !>rorthern Telephone Company extended their lines to Bow Lake. AAEOX WALDROX F0S3. Aaron Waldron Foss, son of James B. Foss and Sarah, daughter of Aaron Waldron, was born July 20, 1824, on the homestead owned by several genera- tions of his paternal ancestors at Strafford Centre, X. H. He unites in his veins the blood of three of the most distinguished early families, — the Waldrons, the Fosses, and the Boodeys. (See Robert B. Caverly's "Annals of the Boodey Family.") Aaron Waldron, from whom Mr. Foss was named, was born Aug. 7, 1749. He was a thrifty husbandman who, in offices of trust and otherwise, held the confi- dence of his townsmen. His homestead was in the north part of the town. He married Azariah Boodey s daughter Hannah (Azariah was son of Zechariah Boodey, the original American progenitor of the name, who came a boy-emigrant from France, and a deserterfrom the French ship on which he was shipped, at Boston, in the latter part of the seventeenth cen- tury, and settled in the wilds of Madbury). She was born March 29, 1758. They reared twelve children in health and vigor in their early pioneer life. Of the^e Sarah, born Jan. 14, 1S02, was youngest. Aaron Waldron was killed by a falling tree Dec. 9, 1S20. His widow died Feb. 7, 1830. George Foss, of Eye, born May 10, 1721, married Mary Martin, born Sept. 20, 1726. Their children were Rachel (born Jan. 16, 1747, married a Berry), Judith (born May 19, 1748, married a Berry), John (born Sept. 14, 1752 1, Abigail (born May 9, 1754, mar- ried a Perkins], George (born Oct. 9, 1757), William and Richard (twins, born May 15, 1760), James (born May 1, 1762), ^[ary (hoin Aug. 13, 1764, married William Fo;s), Samuel and Xathan (born Aug. 13, 1766). He settled on Strafford Ridge, in old Barring- ton, on the lot of one hundred acres now occupied bv Oliver Foss. He was a very good farmer, and served his day and generation with acceptability. His son ^Tathan became a farmer on a small farm of =ixtv-3ix acres, to which he made several additions ; married Alice, daughter of William and Jemima Babb, had children — three sons and three daughters — James B., George B., Richard, Sally (Mrs. William Foss), Eliza (Mrs. J'oshua Foss), Harriet (Mrs. Cotton H. Foss). James B., born Oct. 1, 1795, became a farmer, had the simple educational instructions of that primitive day, married Sarah Waldron April 6, 1824, when about twenty-five years old. They had five children that attained maturity, — Aaron W., Hannah W. (Mrs. Joseph Stiles), Richard W., Adeline W. (Mrs. Charles A. Hill), Mary A. (Mrs. Gilbert Shaw). Mr. Foss lived with his father, and succeeded to the paternal lands. Like his father he worked hard, and with the primitive tools of that period wrought early and late. The hoes of that time were pounded out of iron by a blacksmith, and were fastened to a rude handle with a large " eye." The first hoe he used his father made ! for him out of red oak, and the edge was hardened by fire. James became a great land-owner, used to deal ! largely in poultry, which he conveyed to Boston ; was a shrewd, successful man of business, represented I Strafford in 1842—13 in the General Court, was select- ' man four years, has been for years a consistent mem- ber of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and has at one time owned four hundred broad acres of land. He is now living, with good memory and well-pr^erved I faculties, at eighty-seven years of age. Aaron W. Foss passed his childhood and youth at his father's home, receiving the educational advan- tages of common schools and Austin Academy, and about his twenty-first year became interested in cat- tle droving in connection with farming. His natural shrewdness and business qualities were manifested I in making this largely remunerative, and with a modest and unostentatious nature he is one of Straf- I ford's most successful sons. He married, Aug. 12, 1849, Elizabeth O., daugliter of Eev. John and Xancy (French) Caverly. Their children are Clara C. 'Mrs. ' Calvin Eea , deceased ; Albert C, born Oct. 12, 1S51, married Lillie E. Tasker ; Sarah A., born Aug. 2s, 1853 Mrs. George W. Brock); John James, born Nov. 12, 1855 ; and Aaron H., born Oct. 31, 1857. Mr. Foss has made himself prominent in community not only by acquiring wealth, but by his hearty co- operation with every laudable enterprise and his wise counsels. He represented Strafl'ord in the State Leg- islatures of 1856 and 1857 ; was a member of the , Constitutional Convention of 1876 ; selectman two years, and has acted formerly with the Whig party, but of latter years with the Democrats, with whom he is in perfect sympathy. For several years he has been secretary and treasurer as well as member) of the board of trustees of Austin Academy. In April, 1861, all his buildings were swept away by fire, but a new and pleasant home has risen on the site of the former. Enterprising and industrious, with seven hundred acres of land showing his ability and success as an agriculturist, he is ever hospitable and generous. He well deserves the following writ- ten of him bv Col. R. B. Caverlv, in his " Historv of cw, <■'. f A^. STRAFFORD. 715 the Caverly Family :" " He has made himself a wealthy farmer. Full of commendable aspiration, al- ways on duty, his town, as we trust, will be the better for his having lived in it. In-doors, at the hands of Elizabeth, you will always find industry, frugality, and the law of kindness. Our word for it, the neigh- bor, the friend, the poor, nor the weary-worn stranger will never find the 'latch-string' of that door pulled in." N. C. TWOMBLY, M.D. N. C. Twombly, M.D., son of Silas and Sally (Cav- erly) Twombly, was born near the academy in Straf- ford, Feb. 26, 1835. His ancestors for years have been connected with this section of the country. Ralph Twombly' had land laid out Oct. 4, 1656, and was first taxed that year at Cocheco (Dover), N. H. His will, dated Feb. 28, 1684, was " proved" Aug. 7, 1686. His wife, Elizabeth, and son John were his execu- tors. " If son John live with his mother, then they are to occupy the homestead jointly ; if not, his wife is to have one-half. If Ralph live with his mother till he is twenty-one, then he is to have £10 in money, or goods equivalent. To son Joseph, a heifer ; To daughter Mary (Tebbets), 5s. ; To each of the chil- dren, Elizabeth, Hope, Sarah, Esther, and William, when eighteen years of age, a cow." — (Extract from will.) Thus we see he had eight children. Ralph' had a son William and at least one other, Ralphs William settled in Madbury; had four sons, — Moses, Nathaniel, Joshua, John. Moses was born in Barring- ton, where his father had located, about 1735 or 1740. He married Elizabeth Holmes, sister to Ephraim Holmes, who married Sarah Went worth, a descend- ant of Governor Benning Wentworth. Their children were Samuel, Anthony, William, James, Hannah, Deborah, Phebe. Samuel was born in 1766, married Olive Huntress, and was a farmer and basket-maker in Strafford. His children were Hannah (married James Roe), Silas, William (married Betsey Rollins, and settled in Gilmanton), Deborah (married Nich- olas Evans, of Holderness), Samuel (a stone-mason, married Susan Durgin, settled in Newmarket, N. H., and has two grandchildren, — one. Belle Bryant, a remarkable organist, the other, Virginia, as noted an elocutionist), Enoch (married Lucretia Daniels), Moses (married a Parker, of Holderness, and settled in Maine), Daniel (born July 25, 1811, married Julia Reed, of New Bedford, Mass., and has two children,— Maria and Daniel W.), John (married Sarah Berry, and settled in Maine), Smith (died in Charleston, S. C), Mesheck (lived and died in Lowell, Mass.), and Andrew J. (by a second marriage). Silas Twombly, born in old Barrington (now Straf- ford), Dec. 22, 1798, was a farmer and cattle-dealer, owning about one hundred and fifty acres of land ; was a hard-working, plain, quiet, old-fashioned man ; in liis younger days worked in a soap and candle fac- tory in Massachusetts for several years, then returned to Strafford, and with industry and good deportment filled his not extensive sphere of life well; married Sally Caverly (a descendant of the Wentworths) March 18, 1822 ; had children,— John W. (born Dec. 22, 1822, now a prominent citizen of Mamaroneck, N. Y., and member of the Legislature of that State), Hazen (deceased), Harrison (born Sept. 25, 1826, married Harriet A. Caverly Nov. 29, 1855, and has one son, Charles H.), Silas H. (deceased; born Nov. 19, 1829, married Ann M. Twombly, had one child, Rox- ana, — Mrs. William Shepard), Sally A., Nehemiah Caverly, Viany S. (deceased). Nehemiah C. Twombly passed hi? early years on his father's farm; attended common schools and what is now Austin Academy ; was a diligent student, and when a young man acquired some reputation as a teacher by teaching three winter terms of school in Strafford and Barrington, he meanwhile working on the farm in summer. In 1861 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Charles Palmer, of Strafford, and while attending to other duties was for fifteen years a close medical student. Circumstances tending to open the way, he entered the University of Vermont, at Burlington, Vt., in 1875, and was graduated from thence June 24, 1876. After graduation he returned to his native town, and has already built up, by at- tention and skill, a promising practice. He married, Nov. 12, 1878, Elvira, daughter of Gilbert and Eliza (Durgin) Tasker, of Barnstead, N. H. (Gilbert Tas- ker was born Feb. 23, 1805, in the old town of Bar- rington ; owned a large farm in Barnstead ; was one of the responsible and wealthy agriculturists of that town; married Eliza, daughter of Jonathan and Susan (Bickford) Durgin, of Northwood. He died Sept. 23, 1876. Mrs. Tasker makes her home with her daugh- ter.) Democratic in politics. Dr. Twombly was chosen to represent Strafford in the State Legislature of 1865. He is a justice ot the peace and quorum, and has been for fifteen years; is largely engaged in probate business, and has been selected to aflminister on many estates. Of a strong vital and sanguine tem- perament, he has keen powers of analysis, and, with a large fund of language, is active and energetic in defense of everything he deems for the welfare of society or the improvement of mankind, and wields the pen of a ready writer. He has been for years a pronounced supporter of Christianity, — a Second Ad- ventist in belief, — and from his outspoken nature there is never any difiiculty in knowing where to find him, as there is nothing of the " time-server" in his composition. DEACON EBENEZER SMITH. Ebenezer Smith" was born in Strafford, then Bar- rington, Sept. 29, 1810. He comes of two old fam- ilies, Smith and Brown, Garland Smith, born Jan. 8, 1744, of Somersworth, 716 HISTORY OF STE AFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. purchased land in Barrington, N. H., from John and Sarah Drew, Aug. 29, 1766. He was a farmer, mar- ried, Dec. 31, 1767, Mary, daughter of John Brown and his second wife (Nevens). They had ten chil- dren, — Patience, James, John, Rbenezer', Lydia, Joseph, Garland, David, Mary, Hannah. He was of very social nature, successful in business, he ac- cumulated a large property, and his homestead in Barrington is now occupied by his descendants. He was a man of great physical strength. At one time, ■while loading his boat with household supplies at Portsmouth, he stood in his boat, and, reaching up as high as he could reach, took down a barrel of molasses and placed it carefully in the bottom of the boat. He died June 25, 1814. Ebenezer Sraith^ was born on the homestead in Barrington, April 9, 1774. He was a farmer and a blacksmith, and married, Sept. 25, 1796, Patience, daughter of Nicholas Brown. Their children were Elizabeth, Daniel, Mary, Lydia, Sarah A., Hannah, Patience, Ebenezer'^, William P. He purchased land at Strafford, Bow Lake (then Bow Pond), and in 1801 moved thither. Here his long and uneventful life was passed, and here he died July 10, 1856, aged eighty-three. His wife died March 8, 1854. He never sought office, was a man of few words, quiet and reserved, a valued citizen with strong love for family and home, and for many years and until his death a member of the Free-Will Bap- tist Church. (John Brown, born 1688, in Jersey, one of the Channel Islands of England, was ab- ducted with his brother Daniel, two years older, and a servant lad named Duffy, about 1698, and brought to Portsmouth. Daniel died in Dover a few years thereafter. John passed a short time in Portsmouth and Dover, and lived the last few years of his minority in Madbury, N. H., as a servant for one Demeritt. He knew nothing of his parents for many years, but finally found them out, and had corres- pondence with them. They were quite wealthy, but the correspondence showing the relationship being accidentally destroyed after their death, there was not sufficient legal proof to secure the estate to the chil- dren of John. He married (1) a Drew, had one son, Josiah ; (2) a Nevins, and by her had Joseph, Edward, John, Nicholas, Samuel, and Mary, who married Garland Smith. Nicholas, born Oct. 30, 1743,' mar- ried Betsey Tibbetts, born Feb. 19, 1753. Their chil- dren were Reuben, Miriam, Patience (born Nov. 15, 1776), Judith, Nicholas, Mary, Daniel, Betsey, Nancy. An apple-tree set out by this Mrs. Brown in 1771, on the farm in Strafford now (1882) occupied by Azariah Foss, is to-day an immense and a vigorous tree.) Deacon Ebenezer Smith had the country boy's educational advantages,— the common schools,— but was early learned to labor ; learned the blacksmith's trade from his father, with whom he remained as long as he lived, and also became a farmer. He married Mary, daughter of John and Sarah (Clark) Smith, of Barrington. Her maternal grandfather was Remem- brance Clark, of Madbury, N. H. She was born April 13, 1813. Their children were all born on the old homestead at Bow Lake. They are Sarah C. (Mrs. Daniel Otis), Olive A. (married Garland Brown, and has four children, — Sarah C, Zephyr H., Fred L. , and Henry E. ) , Eufina (married Sanborn Parshley, and has five children, — Ethel B., Mary E., Henry G., Ina H., and Lula B.), Anna P. (Mrs. Paul P. Brown), May Ella (Mrs. Edrick I. Foss), Ebenezer Romanzo, AthelindaL. In April, 1858, Deacon Smith moved to his present home, where he has since resided. He owns three hundred and fifty acres of land, a saw- and grist-mill, and is justly considered one of the best men of Strafford. Quiet and unostentatious, he is as inflex- ible as one of the old-time martyrs in following any course he deems marked out by duty. Originally a Whig, he was one of the first Abolitionists, and a Re- publican since 1856. Since early life he has been a member of the Free- Will Baptist Church. At the formation of the church at Bow Lake he was ordained deacon, and still holds that office in the church. His opposition to secret societies arises from a belief in their non-Christianity, and is earnest and marked, and no one who knows the man will doubt the sin- cerity of his purpose. He was anti-Masonic candi- date for Governor of New Hampshire in 1880, and is now treasurer of the " New Hampshire Anti-Masonic Christian Association." Kind and charitable in his intercourse with his fellow-men, a loving father and husband, his home has been cheered by an amiable wife and dutiful children, and he is passing down to the twilight of life with a full conviction that it is but the gateway to a better land, and blest with the trusting confidence of the entire community. ROBERT BOODET CAVEBLY, THE POET AND AUTHOR.i A town becomes progressive and prosperous accord- ing to the force and valor of the great and good men who inhabit and inspire it. Even so, in a great measure, the achievements of an individual must de- pend on the quality and quantity of the blood and brain that move him. Strafford has had numerous natives of much ability and merit, among whom our poet is prominent, and may well occupy a brief space in its annals. He comes down from a noble ancestry, and yet he in- herited nothing save his sound health of blood, manly independence, and lofty aspirations. From early boyhood and from the common schools he plodded and paid his own way up to a thorough academic education. Entering the militia, he was made the adjutant of a regiment, thence he was advanced to a brigade major. 1 By Iho Eov. Elios Nasoli, of Masracliusetts. 5^W^- 7^x^X^V-. '"■Cr, "•^a* ^if JirU, S, 6^av<..dn STEAPFOED. 717 and thence to a division inspector at the head of Maj.- Gen. Demeritt'a staff, of which the late Hon. John P. Hale and Judge C. W. Woodman, of Dover, N. H., were aids. His final resignation obtained the follow- ing voluntary approval : "Tho commander-in-cliief accepts tlie resignation of Col. Robert B. Caveily, Inspector of the Second Division of the Militia of New Hiimp- shire, but in doing this begs leave to express tlio tiif^h sense which he entertains of tlie active and efficient services reudereU by Col. Caverly in the discharge of liis uiilitary duties. " By bis excellency's command, "Joseph Lowe, Ailjutant-Getteral" In the mean time our poet had become principal of the high school at Great Falls, N. H., and with as- sistants held charge of some four hundred students. Thence he advanced to learri the law with the late distinguished John A. Burleigh, of that place, and thence to the Law College at Cambridge, Mass., where he graduated under the presidency of Josiah Quincy and the professorship of Judge Story and Simon Greenleaf, with the diploma of an LL.B. He commenced the practice of his profession at Limerick village, in Maine, and there serving as a trustee of its academy, he continued six years in his profession, engaging in important causes in its highe.st courts, many of which may be found published in the law re- ports of that State. Removing from Limerick to Low- ell, Mass., he has continued in the law and in the wri- ting and publication of books until the present time. At the breaking out of the Kebellion he visited New Hampshire at the call of its Governor, and lectured in many places for the purpose of raising soldiers for the war and the Union. Thence he visited Wash- ington City, where he spent most of the four years of the conflict, and aided there, as far as he was able, the cause of the Union. During that time he was em- ployed in law trials in the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, in the High Court of Claims in the capital, and in the Supreme Court of the United States. But the most of our poet's time has been spent in Massachusetts. Her law reports for the last forty years afford ample evidence of the active and succes-iful labors of this son of Strafford, yet some- times he had been called to try causes in tlie courts of New Hampshire, one of which cases involved diffi- cult questions wherein the laws of Massachusetts ap- peared to conflict with the statutes of New Hamp- shire. He was called into this case by an able lawyer who had previously been engaged in it. It was argued before the full bench in the State-house af Concord, and success followed his side of the case. While at Washington, in the war time, business of the day usually ended at three o'clock, thereby allow- ing much spare time for outside work, and, moved by the war and its incidents, our author began to deline- ate them practically. First, in 1862, he wrote his " Soldier's Mother" and the " Light of the World," published in the Wash- ington Chronicle; next, then, his " Merrimac," then the "Love-Letter," then "The Bride of Burton," then " Arlington," then " Victory," and thence gen- erally he proceeded to his many productions of epics, lyrics, and ballads. In 1866, in the midst of his law profession, he jiub- lished his " Merrimac," an epic of eiglity pages. In 1871 he wrote and published " Jewett's History of Barnstead." In 1872-73 he published his second and third vol- umes of " Miscellaneous Poems." In 1874 he led off in the building of the Duston Monument, on the Contoocook, and wrote for B. B. Russell & Co., of Boston, liis "History of Hannah Duston," four hundred and four pages. In 1875 he visited England and Scotland. In 1876-77 he wrote his "Battle of the Bush," comprising five dramas, each preceded by an historic legend of some distinguished character as found in the New England Indian history. Falling ill from overwork in 1878, he lust nearly a year's labor. In 1879 he published the " Annals of the Caverly Family," two hundred pages. In 1880 he wrote and published " Lessons of Law and Life," from John Eliot, togelher with his "Line- age of the Boodey Race," three hundred pages. In 1881 he published at large his "Indian Wars of New England," including the exploits of Eliot the apostle, of Hanhah Duston, and of the native Indian, five hundred pages. His works, so far as they have been given to the public, have received unreserved commendation. The Edinburgh Beview (in Scotland), alluding to them, says, " Both Americans and English ought to thank Mr. Caverly for his laborious and interesting resume of those old Indian wars." In 1866, Hon. H. W. Hazen, alluding to our'poet's " Merrimac," through the Essex Banner, says, " The author of this poem is a distinguished lawyer in Lowell. He has brought into fresh notice times and men who should not be forgotten, and embalmed ttieir deeds and memories in verse, wliich in this region may well be immortal." . . . Hon. Judge J. Howard, late of the Supreme Court of Maine, in a long letter, says, " I have read these volumes (poems, Vols. I. and II.) with interest, and find them filled with effusions that seem to carry me back to other scenes and other times, and there is a freshness of the present mingling with the past in graceful measures, that seem to touch the life and experience of the many." . . . Rev. Ellas Nason, in a letter of 1872, discoursed of these volumes, saying, " I have perused the several pieces with keen and sympathetic pleasure, and I congratulate the author on the advanced record he made in beating the sweet fields of poetry. Aside from the intrinsic merit of his muse, the local scenes and circumstances which he poetizes become a part of our own life and being, and thus in reading him we have the joy not only of perusing tuneful num- 718 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. bers, but of seeing common things we know around us, as by an enchanter's wand, transfigured into beauty. So the poet lives because he makes things live around him. Hence comes the dignity of the vocation." Rev. Dr. Bouton, late historian of New Hampshire, in commendation of the same volumes, discourses of them as being " elegant in form and beautiful in sen- timent and expression." William Cullen Bryant, the poet, in his commen- dation of this author's war-poems, says, " What I most of all admire is the patriotic spirit which ani- mates them." Rev. Austin S. Garvin, in alluding to our author and his poems in a public journal of 1877, as heard at one of his lecture readings at Greenwood, Mass., says, " The entrancing interludes on the organ did not more surely carry the listener out into the pure, intoxicating enjoyment of nature than did the musical beat of the speaker's words, as in his first and longest piece he described the sights and sounds of primitive New England. As we listened, we thought it might not improperly be called a symphonic song, or poem of the creation, there was sucii comprehensive blending of varied melodies. We were taken back to the time when 'the morning stars sang together,' and then, by the gradually more measured tread of the lan- guage, the worlds were launched, and the mountains reared their crests up to the stars. In majestic dic- tion the hills of New England were depicted. In the more flowing numbers that succeeded we were aware that the streamlets were born, and trickling, drew their silver line down the rocky slopes. Through the meadows meanders the peaceful river, gladdening herb, and bird, and man. The songs of the happy tenants of the air, and the sounds of many innocent and prosperous industries are heard from every side. Then, in more constrained, almost impatient rhythm, is given the vivid picture of nature in chains, but even the captive is beneficeilt. No longer the sport- ive, rambling runlet, but now the giant JMerrimac in the hands of Philistines. The noise of a thousand wheels, the whirl of ten thousand spindles, and the clatter of looms are pictured in language fitly chosen to typify these active, gigantic, and incessant activi- ties. And then, like peace after strife, comes the melodious description of the gorgeous fabrics, more wonderful than any fairy legend, and by the rich, subdued spirit of content that fills the verse, we feel, without being told, that a state of society in which all amenities, graces, and charities flourish is the • purposed end of the magnificence and wealth of the creation." Mr. Caverly has the honor of inaugurating and being the first president of the society known as " The Literati," in Middlesex County, Mass. The mother of this poet had two brothers, the one, Robert Boodey, who, born in Madbury, went to New Durham, N. H., and finally settled in Liming- ton, Me., and the other, Rev. Joseph Boodey, who settled in Strafford, north of Bow Lake, and died and was buried there in 1827. These clergymen were the very first two men who, with Benjamin "Eandall, were ordained as Free Baptists in that then new de- nomination of Christians. The first church of the denomination was organized in 1780, in the cele- brated Boodey House, in New Durham, whicli these two brothers then occupied. Robert, in Maine, for some reason turned Quaker minister, and living long, Quakerized almost everybody who fell within the scope of his ministry. Joseph, strong and eloquent, continued in Straf- ford as its first leading clergyman from 1780, upwards of forty years, to the date of his decease. These brothers and sister were children of Aza- riah Boodey, of Barrington, who was the only son of the New England ancestor, Zachariah Boodey, who, a French boy in 1G95, at the age of eighteen years, landed in Boston from France, and with other boys there deserted the ship, took to the wilderness, and, evading the detectives, hid himself in a haymow in an old hovel, then in a corner of Cocheco, now Madbi'.ry, N. H., lived on milk from the cows, and crawling out after the ship's departure for France, settled down there at Cocheco, among the Indians (who would not harm a French boy), became a valiant pioneer, reared up a family, and from whom all the Boodeys in New England have descended. A monument to the memory of this pioneer settler, with a large corn-mortar carved in it by the Indians, has recently been erected at his grave, under the supervision of our poet. It graphically marks the spot where the white man and red man in the long ago lived together in faithful, kindly fellowship. The monument is a granite boulder of many tons, in- scribed in large letters and figures on its south side, "Boodey, 1695;" on its north, "King Philip, 1675;" on its east, " Demeritt, 1758 ;'' and on its west side, "Caverly, 1880." The Caverly ancestry extends back upwards of seven hundred years, first from our poet, born July, 19, 1806, to the father, John Caverly, lieutenant, who took his acres from lands thitherto possessed by the Indian tribes, and who, through labor, made him- self a husbandman, well favored of fortune, and among men highly respected. The old house which he built in 1777 still stands there on the old Province road, about a mile south of Bow Lake, in Strafford. It serves as a monument to the pioneer's early manhood, and a perpetual honor to his generous descendants, who to this day have carefully preserved it. At the door of this old native cot our -poet has thus soliloquized of the OLD HOME. Benr, dear as ever, my native cot, Fmlned of the fullier In tlio world ; BIy fond old mother marked the lot; They took it from the tribes of old. ROCHESTER. 719 The giant growth of n thoiiaand years, The sturdy oalc, the chimbering vine, Tell ttt tho foot of pioneers That greeted tiien that olden time. . . . Old cot, I gaze upon ye now, Oft clianging place to loolt tliee o'er. I seem to see the floweret how It budded biooniii);; at thy door, Imparted love to high and low Tliosc many, many yeais ogo. Ye tell me of paternal toil. That fenced the lii'ld in fervent care; Brought golden harvests from the soil, Through constant culture, generous, fiir. Brave, kindly spirits, liiial, dear. They flit around me lingering liere. , . , 1 Thence from the father we follow back to Moses Caverly, of Barrington ; thence from him to Moses, an emigrant from England, to Portsmouth, N. H., who, as appears, married JIargaret Cotton there, Jan. 30, 1714, and who, with his sons, in 1746 be- came a part of the forty-two settlers of Barrington, where now, near the site of the late old French Mill, and within a mile of its old garrison-house (now gone), he, with several of his descendants, peacefully reposes. Thence we trace the blood farther back to Sir Henry Caverly, of England (1680), whom Hume says was a man of much distinction ; thence to Ed- mund, an author, in London (1696) ; thence to Sir Anthony, whose arms bear date June 10, 1644; thence to Sir John Caverly, of 1403, a general officer of high distinction, as Hume has it, who fell in the battle of Shrewsbury, which Shakspeare elaborates; thence to Sir Hugh Caverly, of 1350, "the Chevilier virtie," who in the days of Edward III. and Richard II., having command of the armies of England, in- vaded France, took Calais, and as Governor of it, held it some twenty years. At that time he started off with forty thousand volunteers from the populace of England, made pitched battles, and thus achieved many victories (Hume's "History," vol. ii. p. 282). Thence we go back to our poet's remote ancestor, " John," of Scotland. He originated within the time when "'surnames" were nearly unknown, and before it had become fashionable to endow the infant with a surname. In truth, " John" never had one. In 1116, "John," then a boy, coming down from Scotland into Leeds, England, was there made a steward to the Empress Maud. At length a young lady (Gospatrick) and John fell in love, and soon after their intermarriage the Caverly manor, a vast inheritance of many hundreds of acres, situated about five miles west of Leeds, fell to her. By this and by his own industry John became wealthy, built and endowed a church at Calverly, ■which ever since has, for seven hundred years, been kept in repair, and in which "John" still stands in statuary, with his three sons, John, Walter, and Wil- liam, kneeling behind him. At the birth of these sons "John" honored the name of his wife's inheritance by giving to the sons the surname " Calverly.'' And from "John and his boys have descended all the Caverlys that have ever existed. Thus, like the vapory wave of ocean, the gener- ations of earth rise up, and making haste, chase each other down. 1 From Cavcrly's "Epics, Lyrics, and Ballads," p. 421. CHAPTER CVII. ROCHESTER.^ Geographical — Topographical — Incorporation — Tlie Royal Charter— The Town Named— First flieeting of Proprietors— First Clerk — First Se- lectmen — Survey of the Townsliip — Drawing tlie Lots — Tiie Pioneer Settler — Other Early Settlements — Subsequent Division of Lands— "Norway Plains" — Close of the Proprietors' Reign — Last Meeting — Town Assumes Coutrol of Affairs. The town of Rochester lies in the eastern part of the county, and is bounded as follows: on the north by Farmington and Milton, on the east by Salmon Falls River, which separates it from Maine, on the south by Somersworth, Dover, and Barrington, and on the west by Barrington, Strafford, and Farmington. The surface of the town is rolling, and the soil gen- erally fertile. It is watered by the Salmon Falls, Cocheco, and Isinglass Rivers. Incorporation, — This town was incorporated by royal charter under date of May 10, 1722. The char- ter was granted in the name of King George I., and the signing of this document, which gave a " local habitation and a name" to this section, was the last act of government performed by Col. Samuel Shute, his Majesty's governor of the colonies of Massachu- setts and New Hampshire. Its caption bears the fol- lowing : " George, by the Grace of God of Great Brittain France and Ireland King Defender of the faith &c." The town was named in honor of the Earl of Roches- ter, a brother-in-law of King James II., and one of the most eminent men of his time. For a number of years he had held the exalted position of lord treasurer. Immediately following the charter is "A Schedule of the names of the Proprietors of the Town of Roches- ter with their respective proportions ascertained being Part of the Charter." First appears a list of fifty-two whole-share proprietors, heading which is the name of Col. Richard Waldron, and at the close "Parson- age," "Use of Grammar School," and "First or- dained Gospel Minister." Secondly, "Half-share Proprietors;" of these there are eight. Then come twenty-four quarter-share proprietors, and, finally, "Associates admitted. Governor Shute for a home 2 The following hlalory of Rochester was chiefly compiled from un- published manuscripts of the late Franklin McDuffee. Mr. McDuffeo manifested a deep interest in historical matters, and contcmijiatcd the publication of a iiietoryof his native town. 720 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. lot and five hundred acres; Lieut.-Governor Went- worth, ditto. Eight other members of the Govern- ment Council a whole share each." The petitioa for the charter of the town was signed by most of the inhabitants of Dover, with others from Portsmouth, Newington, and Durham. The first meeting of the proprietors was held at the meeting-house in Cocheco, July 9, 1722, " to consider, debate, and resolve such matters and things" as were necessary for the performance of the conditions of the charter. Col. Kichard Waldron was chosen moderator, and Paul Gerrish town and proprietor's clerk. The first condition of the charter required that within three years the proprietors should build a house and settle a family therein, and within four years plant or sow three acres of ground. The right of those who fail to comply was forfeited. It was therefore decided at this meeting that the most com- modious part of the town should be laid out into " home lots," where the several proprietors might build their houses and settle their families. A committee was appointed to " pitch upon" the best location, and were also instructed to lay out roads and also a suitable " train-field." The clerk was in- structed to procure a " book consisting of three quires of paper bound up in parchment, at the charge of the commoners," to keep the records in. This was all the business transacted. In consequence of the Indian troubles, which kept the border settlements in a con- stant state of alarm for the next few years, no meet- ing of the proprietors was held until April 24, 1727. At this meeting Paul Gerrish was re-elected clerk and served until his death, in 1744. The first selectmen were also chosen at this meet- ing, as follows: Capt. Francis Matthews, Capt. John ' Knight, and Paul Gerrish. At this time but little interest seems to have been taken in the new planta- I tion. The selectmen notified the committee which had been appointed five years before to lay out the home lots to reconsider a plan of division, and after five months a plan was submitted which proved not acceptable to the proprietors, and was voted " void and of no effect." Capt. Robert Evans was then chosen by the proprie- tors to survey and lay out the plantation in one hun- dred and twenty-five lots, one lot ibr each share, of sixty acres each, in ranges from Salmon Falls River to the Barrington line. The survey having been made, the drawing of the lots was commenced December 13th, at the meeting- house in Cocheco, by Rev. James Pike, and completed on the following day at Oyster River (Durham), whither the meeting had adjourned. The territory now having been properly laid out, and the home lots satisfactorily drawn, the next move was the settlement of the town ; and to Capt. Tim- othy Roberts it seems is due the honor of having been the first to settle within the bounds of the present town of Rochester. This was Dec. 26, 1728. He was not a proprietor, but purchased a quarter of a share of Samuel Twombly, of Dover, for ten pounds. He located below Gonic on a part of lot 90, first di- vision. The deed of Twombly to Roberts was the first conveyance of land in the territory. Capt. Roberts was soon followed by other pioneers, prominent among whom were Eleazer Ham, Benjamin Frost, Benjamin Tebbets, and Joseph Richards. From this time forward the settlement rapidly increased in pop- ulation, and soon became known throughout the State as one of the most important of the border settlements. Although some of the settlers were of the Scotch- Irish immigrants, still the town was settled princi- pally by people from Dover, where the greatest number of the proprietors lived. Of the first sixty families not one-fifth part were families of actual proprietors. To the original proprietors the lands were evidently more a matter of speculation and profit than of occupation and improvement. It is worthy of notice that the names now most common in town are those which frequently occur in the list of proprietors. Among these are Hayes, Went- worth, Hanson, Bickford, Edgerly, Whitehouse, Hurd, Horn, Foss, Ham, Evans, Roberts, Varney, and Tebbetts. April 20, 1730, it was decided to make another division of land, comprising a much larger tract than the first. Each share contained not less than two hundred and forty acres, and extended from the head of the first division to the region of the Three Ponds, including a large part of the present towns of Milton and Farmington. In the first and second ranges, third division, was a level tract, quite large in extent, to which was given the name of "Norway Plain," from the Norw.Tv pines with which it was covered. A large part of the plain was left common, and was the site of the present village of Rochester. Dec. 17, 1730, the lots were drawn, and at the same meeting a town treasurer was chosen. Beside several votes in relation to the church and the minister, it was also voted that the ten-rod road running across the town by the meeting-house should be cleared " fitt for man and horse to pass and repass." An over- seer was appointed, with authority to hire men to carry on the work. The proprietors held the entire control of affairs in the town until about the year 1740, when their politi- cal importance rapidly declined. They, however, kept up an organization until 1763, but their business was restricted to matters which concerned the prop- erty only. The last meeting of the proprietors was held at Stephen Wentworth's, in Rochester, June 28, 1784, when the town clerk was elected proprietor's clerk, and all books and papers of the proprietors were passed into his custody, and the office became vested in him and his successors forever. ROCHESTER. 721 CHAPTER CVIII. EOCHESTER.— ( Continued.) INDIAN HISTORY. Tlie First Garrison-Houses— Indian War— Tim First Battle— Jolin Eicli- nrds— Jonathan Door— Danger of abandonment of the BettlcmiMil— Petition for SolOiers- The Old Iron Cannon— Maj. Davis cli'fends the Town— Attack hy the Indians— The Killing of Mrs. Ilodgdon— Peace —The Biitibh Presa-Gang. Although the settlement of Rochester had been long postponed on account of Indian wars, yet since it first actually commenced nothing of tliis kind had thus far occurred sufficient to interrupt its prog- ress. The inhabitants must have numbered at this period (1744) nearly one hundred and fifty families, and being upon the very frontier, they were exposed most helplessly to all the horrors of the impending conflict. For a few weeks or months they might have neglected their work and lived in garrisons, or en- gaged in active operations against the enemy, yet, as the war continued, they were compelled to expose themselves in order to provide means of subsistence. Ill 1774 the proprietors gave to the inhabitants all the mill-rents then due, to be appropriated for build- ing five block-houses or forts, " three on the great road that leads to Norway Plains, one at Squamana- gonic upper mill, and one on the road by Newich- wannoc River, or as his Excellency should otherwise order," and appointed a committee to carry out the vote. The forts were built, although the rents could not be collected to pay for them. Besides these public garrisons many were built at private expense, which received the names of their owners. Garrisons were built two stories in height, the lower story being of solid timber, with strong window-shut- ters fastening upon the inside. The upper story pro- jected three or four feet upon all sides, commanding approach to the building from every quarter. From the projecting part water could be poured down to extinguish the flames in case the house should be fired, while an enemy who came near the doors or windows was exposed to certain death. Loop-holes were provided at suitable places, large enough upon the outside for a gun-barrel to be pointed through them, and hollowed or beveled upon the inside to allow the gun to be moved about and aimed in differ- ent directiorts. The second story was built according to the fancy or ability of the owner. In the case of the Richard Wentworth garrison, it was made of thick planks dovetailed together at the corners like a chest, and without any frame, except a few braces. The cellars of the public garrisons were divided by walls into many separate apartments for accommodation of different families. This was the case with the one at the Gonic. As an additional protection oftentimes the whole building was surrounded with a rampart or palisade formed of timber or posts set in the ground. A few anecdotes will illustrate the cunning of the Indians and the caution of the settlers. The cattle 46 were discovered in the cornfield one day at Col. Mc- Duffee's. The boys started at once to drive them out, when they were checked by the colonel, who said he knew the fence was strong, and the rascally Indians must have laid a plot to trap them. No one was allowed to move out of doors for a day or two, but when it was safe to venture forth the place of con- cealment which the Indians had contrived was dis- covered, and it was evident that they had cut down the fence, driven the cattle into the field, and placed themselves in ambush to kill or capture whoever came out. At one of the garrisons a large number of hogs were kept, which were suffered to roam about during the day to feed upon acorns and such other food as they could find, and were called home at night. One evening they were called a long time, but none made their appearance. In the night, when it was quite dark, the hogs seemed to return suddenly, and a grunt- ing as of a large drove was heard all around the build- ing. The family were too wary, however, to be de- ceived by any such ruse as this ; they suspected the truth, that the Indians had dispatched the hogs and were now imitating their grunts to entice somebody out of the garrison. That the imagination of the settlers often magnified the real danger or excited needless fears is very probable. Not much would be required to produce alarm ajter a few persons had fallen victims to these inhuman foes. It was not until the 27th day of June, 1746, that any concerted attack was made by the Indians. What a thrill of horror ran through the community ! By an artfully-contrived ancl boldly-executed plot, four men were murdered in the midst of the settlement, and within sight of a garrison ; a fifth was wounded and taken prisoner. The names of these persons were Joseph Richards, John Richards, Joseph Heard, John Wentworth, and Gershom Down. They were on the way to their work in the field, carrying guns and traveling in company for mutual protection. A band of Indians had concealed themselves by the side of the road, near where these men must pass, having first sent one of their number to the opposite side, who stationed himself behind a tree at a convenient distance. Thus having prepared a snare, with all that cunning for which the race is noted, they patiently waited the approach of their victims. AVhen the workmen arrived at the ambush, the solitary Indian, who was to act as a decoy and draw the fire of the party, stepped suddenly forth into full view and fired upon the company. "Face your enemies: fire!" was the order of Joseph Richards, who acted as captain, and all discharged their pieces at the savage, who, having effected his object, had instantly disappeared, escaping unharmed. The remaining Indians, with terrific yells and whoops, sprang from their ambush in the rear and rushed forward. John Richards was wounded. All the guns on both sides being dis- charged, an exciting race ensued. The whites fled HISTOKY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. down the road towards a deserted house belonging to the wounded Eichards, where they hoped to gain refuge. The Indians followed as closely as they dared, but with caution, for fear the guns of some of their enemies might still remain loaded. The flee- ing party — all except John Richards — succeeded in reaching and entering the house ; the door was se- cured behind them, the men planting themselves iirmly against it, while they hastened to reload their arms. Before they could accomplish this the Indi- ans, finding themselves unable to force open the door, mounted to the roof, tore off' the poles of which it was constructed, and falling upon the men, now defense- less, dispatched them in the most brutal manner. The guns of the murdered men were afterwards found half-loaded ; and a web, which Mrs. Richards had left • in the loom unfinished, was stained with the blood ot her neighbors. John Richards, who was wounded, instead of entering the house with the others, di- rected his flight to the garrison where his wife was dwelling; but before he could reach it an Indian overtook him, who, with uplifted tomahawk, was about to take his life. Richards called for quarter and was spared. His wound not being dangerous, and being able to travel, he was carried prisoner to Canada. This massacre occurred near the spot where a school-liou.se now stands on the main road. The ambuah was a short distance this side, near where Bedfield Meservc resides. Taking the wounded Richards with them, the In- dians, to escape pursuit, struck hastily into the swamp, killing some cattle on the route, and cutting out their tongues and a few tidbits, and next made their ap- pearance on the Salmon Falls road near Adams' Cor- ner. They surprised some men at work in a field, all of whom, however, made their escape. Jonathan Door, a little boy, who in youthful innocence sat whistling upon a fence, became a fellow-captive with Richards. Under the skillful medical treatment of the Indians the wound of Richards was soon healed ; and after re- maining a year and a half in Canada, he was sent by flag of truce to Boston, and thence returned to his friends in Rochester. He bought the place in the village now owned by J. H. Ela, Esq., and here he lived after his return. He died in 1792, aged seventy. His son, of the same name, inherited the place, and for years was a miller in the Home & Hurd mill, situated op- posite, where Deacon Barker's grist-mill now stands. He was a Revolutionary soldier, and served through the war; was in the battle of Bunker Hill and at the surrender of Ticonderoga, where he narrowly escaped capture ; he was at the battle of Bennington and at the surrender of Burgoyne. He is remembered by many now living. The excitement produced by the atrocity of the 27th of June cannot easily be imagined. The suddenness of the attack, its locality,— the most thickly-settled part of the town,— the exciting nature of the struggle, the death of so many of their friends and neighbors. and the escape of the enemy before pursuit could be made, — all must have roused to an intense degree the feelings of the people. It is apparent from the haste with which they adopted measures for future security that great anxiety prevailed. No sooner were the remains of the murdered men buried than a peti- tion to the Governor and Assembly at Portsmouth was dispatched, representing the dangerous situation of the inhabitants, and begging for a guard of soldiers to protect them. This petition " humbly showeth that the inhabitants are few in number, in indigent circum- stances, living in a wilderness, and are continually liable to the assaults of the barbarous Indian enemy, who have killed within the past week four men, and taken prisoners one man and a boy. They have killed and wounded a considerable number of our cattle; they are continually lurking about our houses and fields, and are seen by some of us almost every day ; we cannot go out or come in without being liable to fall by them, and our families are suffering because we are not able to go out to labor." Such is the enu- meration of their distresses. " Therefore we pray your Excellency and your Honors to take our deplorable circumstances under your wise consideration, and ex- tend to us your paternal care and affection by allowing us a suitable number of soldiers to guard us in our garrisons and about our necessary employments." The excitement had not subsided when another event occurred which carried it to still greater height, and added another life lost to the list of their calamities. Traces of Indians had been discovered in the sand by the heath brook at Norway Plain, and in expec- tation that a party were on their way to attack the settlements a company of men concealed themselves at night by the side of the road a short distance below Norway Plain Brook, at the foot of Havens' Hill, in- tending in their turn to ambush the Indians when they came along. Upon the approach of the enemy, however, one of these sentinels, Moses Roberts, be- came alarmed and commenced to creep through the bushes towards his neighbor, who, seeing the bushes wave and supposing him to be an Indian, fired upon him. Roberts died the next morning, blaming him- self, and justifying the man who shot him. To support the petition of the inhabitants and rep- resent that the settlement would be broken up unless they received Assistance, Rev. Mr. Main was sent to Portsmouth. His mission was successful; for, besides the assurance of soldiers to protect them, he returned with a very substantial token of the " paternal care and affection" of the authorities in the form of a huge cannon, one of the iron guns of Queen Anne's time, for the safe return of which, when demanded, he gave his receipt in a large sum. The history of this cannon is worthy of a brief digression. It was intended for an alarmgun, by use of which the people of the town might be summoned together whenever danger was apprehended. During the Indian war it was ROCHESTER. kept at Mr. JIain's. Afterwards it was moved to Stephen Wentwonth's tavern, a bouse which is still standing, situated upon the lot owned by Dr. Far- rington. This house was ciilled the Wolfe tavern, from the immortal Gen. Wolfe, who had then recently given up his life upon the Plains of Abraham. The Wolfe tavern was a place of no mean renown ; it was the only public-house in town ; it was also the only store in town, for not only were there accommoda- tions here for weary travelers, but the necessary articles of life, such as rum and crockery-ware, were dispensed to seeking customers. But the grand boast of the Wolfe tavern was in something more aristo- cratic than these. It was here that His Excellency Governor Wentworth always "put up" when journey- ing to and from his farm in Wolfborough, a distin- guished honor to any tavern. Here the old gun for a long time found a home, a hospitable roof we pre- sume, where its powers of speaking loudly were not over-tested by warlike youth. From this place it would be impossible to trace its wanderings. It ap- pears during its whole career to have experienced more than the usual vicissitudes of earth, — from the minister's to the tavern, from scaring away "the bar- barous Indian enemy" to celebrating with booming voice many anniversaries of national independence, — yet ever faithful through good report and through evil report, until, like many a brave soldier, its exist- ence was thrown away in a noble cause by the folly and recklessness of its commander. It was exploded July 4, 1845, by William J. Roberts, William Hodg- don, and some others, and its fragments found an inglorious burial among metal of baser and more ignoble rank in the iron heaps of the foundry. There were many mourners. The town discovered that they had lost a time-honored friend. Its loss was even so much regretted that at the next town- meeting the selectmen were instructed to prosecute the individuals who had sold the old iron. A long and expensive lawsuit grew out of this prosecution, in which the town was defeated, not being able to establish its ownership, a result well deserved by the town perhaps for its neglect to care for its property. Crowned with success in the object of his visit, Mr. Main returned to the settlement. Throughout the summer and autumn and a part of the winter scout- ing parties of soldiers were stationed in the town, whose duty it was to go their daily rounds upon the most traveled roads near the garrisons, and from gar- rison to garrison, occasionally making longer marches when special reasons required. These parties or squads usually consisted of from twelve to twenty men, who were relieved every few weeks by fresh sol- diers. When long marches across country were to be made the number was of course much larger. Upon report that a party of thirty Indians had killed a man at Penacook (Concord), and were approaching Rochester, Governor B. Wentworth ordered Maj. Davis, with a detachment of forty men, to march to Rochester to scout about that town. Similar cases frequently occurred. It was doubtless owing to such prudent precautions and the continual presence of sol- diers that there was no further loss of life this year. In the spring of 1747 the inhabitants found it neces- sary to petition for a guard, and as a strong argument why their favor ought to be extended to them, they set forth that no less than twenty of their brethren were enlisted in His Majesty's service for the Canada expedition. Several families had already moved from the town, driven by distress and fear of the enemy. The petitioners confessed themselves unable to defend the settlement. Their only dependence for succor and relief was upon the Provincial authorities, and while they acknowledged the protection granted to them during the past year, and returned for it their hearty thanks, yet unless the same be continued to them they must unavoidably move away, and leave all their improvements for the Indians to destroy. Maj. Davis with thirty men was sent to their protec- tion. Uncommon danger must have tlireatened the settlement at this time, for at a public town-meetiug in the October following the town voted their grateful acknowledgment to the Governor and Council for sending Maj. Thomas Davis with thirty soldiers, " who by his prudent, diligent, and careful manage- ment, under Divine Providence,-" had been instru- mental in defeating the enemy in their attempts against them, and so of preserving their lives. Per- haps there had been an engagement, for on May 23, 1747, Samuel Drown, a soldier, had been wounded ; he was for a long time taken care of at the expense of the province. Upon the 7th of June of this year an attempt was made by the Indians to capture or kill a party of men at work in a field. Every one who has traveled the Neck road remembers the spring by the roadside about half a mile belo\y Gonic. It was near this spring that the Indians lay in ambush. They were discovered by three boys, John and George Place and Paul Jenness. The Indians fired upon them. John Place returned the fire and wounded an Indian. Jenness presented his gun in a threatening manner, but did not fire. By keeping it aimed towards the Indians he prevented them from rushing upon them until the men in the field, who had heard the firing, came to their relief, and the Indians were put to flight. The wounded Indian was traced by the stains of blood for a long distance. A few rods from the road leading from Rochester village to Gonic, and not far distant from the latter place, in a quietspot half encircled by trees which line the high river-bank, several rough, unlettered stones, indistinctly visible to the passing traveler, mark the re.sting-place of some of the early inhabitants. One of these graves is that of Jonathan Hodgdon's wife, who was killed by the Indians May 1, 1748. The particular locality of her death is just beyond the " Great Brook," upon the right-hand side of the road, nearly opposite the place of her burial. She had gone 724 HISTORY OF STEAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. out to find and milk her cows. It was a still Sabbath morning. For several days a considerable party of Indians, lying concealed upon Ham's Hill, which commanded a view of Squamanagonic garrison, had watched all the movements of the settlers. They con- templated something more than the capture or murder of one solitary woman. Tradition says it was their plan to watch the fort until they saw the men depart with their guns to church, surprise and capture the women and children left behind, and finally waylay the men themselves upon the road, — a favorite strata- gem of these tribes ; but seeing Hodgdon and his wife leave the fort together, they determined to attack them. Mrs. Hodgdon was seized, and the Indians would have kept her quiet and carried her away a prisoner, but as she persisted in screaming they killed •her on the spot. Her husband, who was at a short distance, heard her cries and hastened to her rescue, not knowing the cause of her fright, but intending, if the Indians had taken her, to surrender himself also. He arrived at the instant of her death, while the sav- ages were in the act of scalping her. H« presented his gun, but it missed fire. He then made his escape to the garrison. The news spread rapidly. The old iron cannon upon the hill, charged with nine pounds of powder it is said, thundered its note of alarm to distant inhabitants. -It was heard even at Portsmouth. Several hundred people gathered together. A com- pany of light-horse from Portsmouth arrived at two o'clock in the afternoon, and the country was scoured as far as Winnipiseogee, but without success. The Indians, it was believed, concealed themselves upon islands in the river near our village. This was the last attempt of the Indians in Poches- ter. Such vigor of pursuit perhaps deterred them from any subsequent attack. Peace took place the following year, a peace of short duration, for in 1754 the sword was resumed. Heretofore the Englisli had carried on the war in a desultory and feeble manner, which encouraged their enemies to undertake these marauding and murdering excursions. Alter this period the English displayed more vigor; they fitted out formidable expeditions against Canada, and largely relieved the Eastern settlements from the calamities of war. One of these expeditions was against Lonis- burg, a strong city of Cape Breton, — the "Dunkirk of America," as it was called. It was captured by the British in 1758. Following are the names of some of the soldiers from this town engaged in His Majesty's service at this time : Lieut. John McDutiie, Ensign William Allen, John Copp, Jr., Daniel Alley, Ichabod Corson, Gershom Downs, Eleazer Eand, Wil- liam Berry, Jabez Dame. The British oflicers sent press-gangs into the towns during the war to impress men into their service. The people of Rochester petitioned to be exempted from the press; but it does not appear that the peti- tion was granted. When the press-gang visited the town, Jabez Dame, whose name is given in the above list, concealed himself until the danger was past; the next morning, however, having informed the girl he was courting of his intentions, he volunteered. The war was virtually closed in 1759 by the surrender of Quebec. The following year all theremaining French possessions in Western Canada were surrendered to the English, and the Eastern settlements found a permanent peace from the ravages of the Indians. CHAPTER CIX. 'ROCREST'EB..— {Continued.) WAK OF. THE BEVOLUTION. Tlio Artivity of Rocliester — Town Committee of Correspondence — Nich- olas Austin — First Enlistments — List of Blinute-men and Vuliinteera — List of Continental Soldiers — Prominent Men of the Bevolntiou. RoCHESTEK may well be proiid of her Revolution- ary record. Her delegates were present at all the c(mventions called to co-operate with the other American colonies, and she paid her proportion of the expenses of each Continental Congress. She cheer- fully took her part of the responsibility of resisting British authority, and her citizens shared largely in the feeling which animated the American people. They responded with alacrity to every call for sol- diers, they gave them liberal bounties, and provided for the support of their families. Their minute-men marched immediately when notified, and at one time, when other troops withdrew from the field, Rochester responded to the urgent call of Washington for rein- forcements, and sent a company of militia to his army at Cambridge. Her soldiers took part in the capture of Burgoyne at Saratoga, and of Cornwallis at York- town. They were in the battle of Trenton, and went through the sufferings of Valley Forge. Twenty-nine men were lost during the war. As early as Feb. 4, 1774, a committee of correspon- dence was appointed, consisting of Hon. John Plu- mer, John McDuflee, Ebenezer Tibbitts, and Daniel Wingate, and it was voted that a copy of the resolves passed at this meeting " be sent to the Committee of Correspondence at Portsmouth, assuring them that our Hearts are knit with theirs in the noble Cause of Freedom." John Plumer was moderatorof this meet- ing, and Josiah Main town clerk. In the fall of 1774, when Gen. Gage, who com- manded the British army in Boston, wanted carpen- ters to build barracks for the troops, and could not hire them in Massachusetts, he applied to Governor Wentworth, of New Hampshire. The Governor dis- patched agents to the back towns in the hope to se- cure workmen, but New Hampshire was no more servile than Massachusetts. One of these agents, Nicholas Austin, visited Rochester, but the loyal men were on the alert. He was compelled to make a humble acknowledgment on his knees before the ROCHESTER. 725 committee, and " this prudent step disarmed the pop- ular rage, and prevented any injury to his person or property." Immediately after the battle of Lexington a re- cruiting office was opened in Rochester, at Stephen Wentworth's tavern, and men were rapidly enlisted. At a Provincial Congress held soon after at Exeter, James Knovvles and John McDuffee were sent as delegates. Among the first to offer his services was John Mc- Duffee, who was commissioned, May 20, 1775, as lieu- tenant-colonel of the Third Regiment (Col. Poor's), He had seen service in the French wars, had been a lieutenant of rangers at the siege of Louisburg, and had commanded a detachment of men under Wolfe at the capture of Quebec. The following are the names of Rochester volun- teers in tliis regiment : Capt. Winboi'n Adams^ {Durham) Company, Jane 2, 1775. Daniel McNeal, yeoman, 24 years old. JoiiJitlmii lIi>ngdo[i, Jr., yeoman, 20 years old. John Eidianls, Jr., yeoman, 25 years old. John Berjiin, cordwainer, 30 years old. Tliomas Furber, tailor, 26 years old. John "Walker, yeoman, .iS years old. Edward Rolinj^s, yeoman, 21 years old. Ebenezer Horn, yeoman, 20 years old. Tlionias Tulley, yeoman, 27 years old. The following were in Capt. Jonathan Wentworth's (Somersworth) company: Simuel Nute, sergt., entered May 28, James Chamberlain, Corp., entered May 29. Samuel Metrow, corp., entered May 29. Ebenezer Chesley, private, entered May 29. , Isathaniel Perkins, private, entered May 28, Daniel Alley, private, entered May 26, Ephraim Alley, private, entered May -ZG. Josiah Durgln, private, entered May 30. James Wentworth, private, entered May 30. .Toehua Merrow, private, entered May 30. Gerahom Downs, private, entered May 28. Jonathan Downing was in Capt. Benjamin Wit- comb's (Dover) company. He was a " yeoman 25 years old." In all there were twenty-six men fi-om Roch- ester in the army during the summer of 1775. The following company of minute-men from Roch- ester was also in the service during this year at Ports- mouth and Boston : Daniel Place, capt, Ebenezer Tebbets, 1st lieut. John Ham, 2d lieut. George Place, eiisigQ. Paul liibby, sergt. Keuben Heard, sergt. Joshua Courson, sergt. Daniel Cook. Samuel Goodwin. George Heard. John Rogers. Amos Place. John Bickford. Mesheck Heard. Ebenezer Courson. Julin McDuffee. Joseph Berry. Pricates. John Marden, sergt. John Woodman, corp, Janieg AVentwortli, corp. Jonathan French, corp. Benjamin Taylor, citrj). Ichaliod Rawlins, drummer. Samuel Place, fifcr. Daniel Watson. John Nute. Thomas Chamberlain. David Wiiigate. Jonatban Tebbets. Amos Hayes. Joseph Richards. Solomon Clark. Isaac Wentworth. Benjamin Furber. Timothy Rickor. Moses Furber. Amos Spencer. James Rogers. Samuel Robertson. Sloses Drum. James Coleman, Moses Hamniet. Daniel Clark. Robert McCrcelis. John Stanton. The following were in Capt. pany, stationed at Newcastle Jan. 7, 1777. Of this regimen Rochester, was surgeon's mate John Brewster, cnpt. John Bergin, ensign. Stephen Beri"y, sergt. Enoch Burnham, sergt. Joseph Pluinmer. Jt^lin Laighton, Jonathan Richarda. Dudliy Pike. Joseph Thompson. Jo!in Place. John Rawlins. James Berry, Edwai'd Rawlins. John Bickford. John Brewster's coni- from Aug. 7, 1776, to t Dr. Samuel Howe, of Bcnjiiniin Hoyt, corp. Jomisa Coleman, corp. Anthony N- Bullings, drnm'r. PrivnL^. Samuel Richards. Amos Spencer, John Richards. Isaac Libby. Moaes Rollings. Charles Ricker, Amos Phice. Ainoa Haj'es. Abraham Morrison. Samuel Foi-st, 21 years of age, Samuel Ryon, 25 years of age, Thomas Shaw, 24 years of age. The following were in Col. Nathan Hall's regiment, Capt. Benjamin Titcomb's company : George Downing, 19 years of age. Jonatban Downing, oO years of age. Joseph Pearl, 17 years of age. John Garlin, 18 years of age. Benjamin Nute, of Rochester, was afterwards a lieutenant in the com- pany, and Joshua Merrow ensign. Merrow was subsequently promoted to lieutenant. The following were in Capt. F. M. Bell's company; Daniel Cork, 20 years of age. Daniel Watson, 2'i years of age. Eben. Chestley, 23 years of age. Enoch Wingate, 24 years of age. Joshua Place, IG years of age, Tlioe, Cbaniberhuu,I9 jears of age, Daniel Wingate, 22 years of age. Daniel Rogers, Jr., 30 years of age. \Vm, Palmer, 19 years of age. Timothy Ricker, 1!) years of .age, Edward RollingB,21 yearsof age. George Heard, 19 years of age. Paul Pearl, 2S years of age. Simeon Peail, 17 years of age. Compani/ wihioicn. — Henry Durgin, Samuel Alley, Jonathan Doe, Daniel Alley, and Amos Place, The following were in Capt. Daniel McDuffee's company, and were at Stillwater and Saratoga: Daniel McDuffee, capt, ; enl. Sept, 8, 1777; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. David Leighton, en^. ; enl, Sept.S, 1777 ; disch, Dec, 15, 1777, Peter Glidden, sergt. ; enl. Sept. 8,1777; died Nov, 18, 1777. Solomon Clark, capt. ; enl. Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. Jonathan Ellis, capt. ; enl. Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. Eben Twombly, drummer: enl. St- [d. 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. James Wentworth, enl. Sept, 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. John McDuffee, enl. Sept. 8, 1777; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. Enoch Hayes, enl. Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. Tobias Ricker, enl, Sept. 8, 1777 ; di^ch. Dec. 15, 1777. Juhn Richards, enl, Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Doc. 15, 1777. Joseph Richards, enl. Sept, 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. John Allen, eul. Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. m, 1777. Amos Spencer, enl. Sept. 8, 1777; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. Jonathan Dame, enl. Sept. 8, 1777; died Nov. lO, 1777. Dudley Pike, enl. Sept, 8, 1777; disch. Nov, 30, 1777. Moses Rawlins, enl. Sept. 8, 1777; disch. Nov. 30, 1777. Joseph Wingate, enl. Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec. 15, 1777. Nicholas Wentworth, eul. Sept. 8, 1777; disch. Nov. 30, 1777. Amos Hayes, eul. Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Nov. 30, 1777. Rich Fiirhur, enl. Sept. 8, 1777 ; disch. Dec: 15, 1777. Wni. McNcal, enl. Sept. 8, 1777. Juhu Stanton, enl. Sept. 8,1777. 72G HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. John Nute, enl. Sept. 8, 1777. Joseph Thompson, enl. Sept. 8, 1777. John Bickford, enl. Sept. 8» 1777. Stephen Starboard, enl. Sept. 8, 1777. In 1778 nineteen men were furnished by this town for service in Rhode Island, and in 1779 five more men were enlisted for the same purpose- The names of the latter who served six months were Tobias Ricker, Samuel Rollins, Thomas Carter, P. Stevens, and Isaac Hatch. Thus far our attention has been confined almost ex- clusively to the fortunes of the militia companies or A'olunteers raised for special service. The names of those who served in the Continental army are now given, with the history and fate of each man, so far as can be gathered from the rolls and documents in existence. Joshna Merrill, ensign ; enT. April 2, 1777; pro. licut. July 12, 1780. Joshna Place, en>. May 1, 1777, for three yeai-s ; died Aug. 7, 1777. Simeon Pearl, enl. April 20, 1777, for three years; died Feh. 10, 1778. Piuil Tear), enl. Apiil 20, 1777, for three years ; killed Oct. 7, 17T7. George HeftTd (Hurd), enl. May 1,1777, for three yeai-s; missingatXicon- dcToga July 7, 1R77. John Giirland, enl. May 10, 1777, for three years; disch. M;iy in, 1780. Samuel Foss, enl. June 4, 1777, for three years; died Sept. C, 1778. George TV>wning, enl. Jfov. 15, 17T7, for the war ; pro. tocorp. and sergt. ; was in ser\ice May 13,1782. Jona Downing, enl. Nov. 15, 1776, for the war; jh-o. to sergt.-mai.; was in the seivice May 13, 1782. Thomas Ch;imberlaiii, enl. 51ay 10", 1777 ; disch. Mi^y 10, 1780. Ebenexer Chesley, eal. May 1, 1777; missing July 7,1777. Daniel Cook, enl. May 10, 1777; was in the service May 13,1782; was one of Washington's gu«rd in 1779. Timothy Ricker, enL May 1, 1T7T; disch. May 1, I7S0; mMiiher of Wash- ington's g»ai-d in 177a. Daniel Alley, corp. ; enl. N&v. 11, 1776, for the war;, in senice May 13, 1782. Moses Rollings, enL Nov. 13^ 1776, for the war ; co^wnil ; killed Oct. 13, 1777. Daniel Watson, enl. May 1, 1777 ; disch. May 1. 1780. Williaia Palaier, enl. May 1, 1777; disch. May 1, 17S0. Ephraim Ham, enl. April 10, 1777 ; dfcch. May 1, 1780. Ichahod Ham, enl. Aug. 15> 1770; drumm&r; was in service May 13, 1782. Jolia Rogers, «iL Oct. 15, 177»; corporal j was in service May 13, 1782. Enoch \YiQga.te, euL May K 1177; disch. May 1, ITSO; died Aug. i, 1828. Daniel Wingate, enl. May 10^ 1777 ; disch. May 10, 1780. Joseph Pearl, enl. May 1 , 1777 ; was in service May 13, 1 TSi^. Joseph Bicker, eni Oct. 15. 1779; was in service May 13, 17f^ii MattULis Welch, enl. February, 1777; in service May 13, 17S2. Daniel Cook, Jr., enl. April 10, 1780; in service May 13, 1782. Samuel Rollins, enl. Feb. 28, 1781 ; in seriiice May 13, 1782. Samuel Ryan, enl. June, 1777. Edward RolliuS) enl. May, 1777. Henry Durgin. Jonathan Doe. Samuel Alky. Anaos Plac*. Thomas Shaw, enl. Jan. 3, 1777 - in service May 13, T78?_ Robwt EMis, enL Aug. 17, 1780; in service May 13, 17S2. Richard Cook, eiil. July 15, 177&; died Oct. 8, 18S1. The rogpmental accounts show that he died Oct. 8, 1781, yet ike selectman claimed hint as still in the service May 13, 17S2. Daniel liogeirs, Jr., enl. May 11, 1777 ; died July 2, 1877. Ebe-nezer Allen, enL April 15, 17»J; was. in service May 13,1782. Daniel Sargeut, enl. April 0, 1780; diech. Dec. 31, 1781. Otis Alley, euL April 6, 1781^ in service May 13, 1782. Henry Smith, enl. May 1, 1781 ; iii service May 13, 1782: Abuer Coffin, en). May 1, 17»2. Solomon Drown, enl. May 10, 1781. Wm. C. Peavey, enl. May 18,1782. Jonathan Ellis, enl. May 18, 17S2. Peter Cook, enl. September, 177!), for one year. Ephraim Alley, of Rochester, enl. for one year for Madbnry. Csesar Wingate, a negro, enl. June 6, 1781 ; Avas in service May 13, 1782. He was Capt. Ham's slave, and received the name of Wingate from living a part of tlie time at Judge Wingate's, on the Chestnut Hill road. There were also many who served their country upon the seas in privateering vessels. Among these were Benjamin Calber, Timothy and Joseph Roberts, and Isaac Hunson. They served with the gallant Paul Jones. With them was George Roberts, of Mid- dleton. Benjamin served also in the army. He died in 1830, aged seventy-six. George sailed in 1778 from Portsmouth in the " Ranger.*' Test Association. — The following, in 1776, engaged and promised that they would to the utmost of their power, at the risk of their lives, their fortunes, with arms oppose the British fleets and armies : Ebenezer Tebhett Samuel Furbur Benj Fnrbur B. I^lmer Daniel Wingate Wm Evans Wm Chamberlain Richard Furbur Benj Rollins Thos Plummer Daniel Watson Richard Went worth Avery Hall Wentworth Hayes Isaac Libbey Mark Hartford Jacob Hanson James Foster Benj Foet E. Coleman Dodarah Garland B. French StepheD Barry Abner Dame John Cook Daniel Rogers John Woodmaa John Brewster Daniel Kimball Moses Hamroett Jos Dame Jos Haven Isaac Wentworth Josiah Main Panl Libbey John Beargin Timothy Roberts. Samuel Plummer Lemuel Bickford Wm Trickey Daniel Hayes Xphraim Wentworth Richard Walker David French Thos Ham Henry Tebbets Thos Peevey James How James Cbesley Jabez Dame Wm Allen Joshua Pearl John Plummer Wm McDuffee John Ham Ebenezer Ricker Thos Roberts Samuel Alley Daniel Garland Enoch Hoitt Benj Fost Jr John Trickey John Trickey Jr James French John Ham, Jr Joseph Knight James ChamberluiD William Knight Hunkiug C-oU-broth James Rogers James 11. Tertius Samuel Chamherlaia James Downs Ichabod Hayes Nathl Watson Samuel Tvs'ombley James Wentworth Stephen Jenkins Josiah Fulsom Samuel Xute E. Wentworth James Jackson James Deering' Ichabod Rollins Moses Hayes Wm Jenuess Jr John Knowles E. Chesley S. Perkins Jr Jos Plammer Jona Pinkham Jona Richards John Richards Thos Furber Jona MorrisoQ Joseph Page Aaron Jenniss Simon French Diivid Jennis Wm Bodgdon Solomon Drown W°i McNeal Aaron Ham Rich Place £dward Lock Chas Kai^fhfc ROCHESTER. T27 David Lt-ightou Samuel Jones Moses norn Moses Hayes, Jr Nathl Watson Jr Jona Tw'ombly Job Clements C. Jenkins Ciilcb Waterman Eenj TwoniUy Reuben Woutworth Peter Horu E. Horn Thos Drew AV™ Jennis James Knowles AVm Ham S. Perkins S. Morrow G. Willand S. Merrow Jr. James Horu John Itichards Sr. A. MurrJBon Daniel Page Joshua Downing John Nute M. Jennia S.imu-el Robinson Paul Jennia Jos Tucker Jos Drown Jos Jiles EU'r Place Alex Hodgdon Benj Hoitt Tbos Brown Moses Brown C. Jackson E. Place Jr Geo Place Jona Ham Samutfl Drown Jos Haj'es Samuel Seavey " The following association : James Allen Icliabod Cossen Tlios Trlcki'y Samuel Wiiigate Joseph Heard Tristam Heard Benj Bickfurd Jonathan Hodgdon Jona Elh'ss Ed'J Varney Benj. Denne "The undernamed persons Friends, and do not choose to Elijah Pettetes JohnPettetts Jos Pettetts David Pettetts M. Varney Moses Varney Moses Austin John Oloutman Jona Dawe Benj Meeder Jona Meeder " By order of tli " Kochestor 15th Oct 177C, "a true coppy" D. Pearl T. Whitpliouse Elijah Tarney Henry Allard E. Ilani Robert Walker B. Pluminer John Heard Z. Dame Josiah Wentworth Jonathan Nutter J(din Bandall Moses Down^ Zelinlon Davis N. Wiiitworlh E. Wentworth Jos Jones Alex Hodgdon John Uanuiiett Jona Bickford S. TMomhly Jr E. Tebbetts Jas Rogers Jr Benj Hayes Jos Walker Ithamer Seavey E. Garland. James IUcDuffee John Jenness Rich Nutter John Place Joseph Walker Jr Rich Fnrbur Jr Jos Thompson lieuben Heard Jr Reuben Heard Moses Roberts Geralioni Downs Ij. Richardson Benj. Cupps Abraham Cook Edmund Tebbetts Joshua Cossen Samuel Wingate Jr Thos Brown persons refuse to sign the annexed John WitheriU Blorris Elli^s Soloman Clark W" Ellis Benj Heard N. Garland Abraham Pearl Samuel Downing Joshua Knight S. Wentworth Daniel Jenness are of the Society of sign : Elijah Pettetts Jr Ezelciel Pettetts Muzzy Gould Robt Pettetts David Varney Moses A'arney Jr Ebenezer Varney Thos Clontman Isaac Twombly Natli Meeder Jos Meeder e Committee, 'Eb.v'e Pettetts CVk. Hon. John Plumer, Lieut.-Col. John McDufFee, Deacon James Knowles, and Dr. James Howe were prominent citizens of the town during the Revolu- tionary period. Hon. John Plumer was the first magistrate in the town. He was appointed hy the British Governor a judge of the Court of Common Pleas when that court was organized in 1773. He was reappointed in 1776, when an independent State government was first es- tablished. He retained the office till his voluntary resignation in 1795, at which time he was chief justice. Lieut.-Col. John McDuflfee was born in 1724; was a lieutenant in the French and English wars ; was at the capture of Louisburg in 1758, and commanded a detachmenfTof men under Gen. Wolfe at the siege of Quebec. He served in the Revolutionary army from the battle of Bunker Hill till 1778, being part of the tiine brigade commissary. He was the first repre- sentative of the town, being chosen to the Provincial Assembly in 1762 ; also a member of the State Legis- lature in 17S2. Was six years a State senator, being part of that time "senior senator," or chairman. Died Oct. 15, 1817, aged ninety years. Deacon James Knowles came to Rochester in 1749. Held many town offices ; was a member of many of the conventions that fostered the spirit of the Revo- lution ; was six years a member of the Legislature. For forty years he was a deacon of the church. He was universally trusted and respected, and spent a large portion of his long life in useful and unambi- tious public service. Dr. James Howe was one of six brothers who served their country in the Revolution from the battle of Bunker Hill till the close of the war. Dr. Howe was surgeon's mate in Col. Long's regiment, and was one of the sufferers in the Canada expedition in 1777. He was three years a representative in the Legislature,. and was distinguished for his natural talent and his great benevolence. CHAPTER ex. ROCHESTER.— (Co)i7 " " Frank McUnffee, 1858 " " William Rand, I860 Alexander M, Winn. James H, Kilgerlev. 1800 George Coisoii. Charles W, Edgeriey. 1801-G-,2 David Hayes. William Kami, 1803-04 Frank Melliiffee, James II. Edgeriey 1805 James H, Edgorley. Charles IC, cilase. 18li0 Geoige Cordon. " " 1807 John S, Parsons. " " ISWS-O'J " •' Charles W. Biekford. '870 " " Charles W. Brown. 1871 Noah Tehhotta. John S. Parsons. 18T2 John S, Parsons. .Iu~oph S. Masseck. J°3,';; " " Joseph B. Xwombly. 1874-75 Ilnssell B. Wentworth. " " J™ " " John S. Parsons. 1877 Thomas H, Edgeriey. " " 1878-80 Ilnssell B, Wentworth. 1881 James E, Edgeriey. " *' 1882 John L, Copp. " " The first Masonic funeral in Rochester was that of Stephen Brewster. He was the oldest son of Capt. John. Brewster, of Rochester, who commanded the seventh company in Col. Pierce Long's regiment during the war of the Revolution.. The regimeut was organized Sept. 25, 1776. Six companies already enlisted were at Portsmouth. Capt. Brewster re- cruited the seventh in Rochester and vicinity, and on the 23d of November, 1776, Gen. Ward ordered the regiment to Ticonderoga, and it reached that fortress in February, 1777. The son (Stephen) was one of the first members of Humane Lodge, and, as already stated, was the first buried by the fraternity in this section of the State. (At that time the nearest lodge was in Portsmouth.) Hundreds of people came to- gether at the funeral, prompted by curiosity, doubt- less, to witness the novel ceremonies. He died April 9, 1819, at the age of forty-seven years. The burial- place of the Brewsters is situated about one mile west of Rochester village, a;id is marked by a fine monu- ment of red sandstone, inclosed by a strong fence of iron and granite. The spot is nearly hidden from view by a thick growth of trees. Kennedy lodge, I. 0. of 0. F., was instituted Aug. 24, 1875, by Grand Master S. J. Osgood, assisted by Deputy Grand Master, G. A. Cummings; Grand War- den, A. F. Craig; Grand Secretary, Joel Taylor; Grand Treasurer, R. C. Fernald ; and delegations from Dover, Great Falls, Farmington, Manchester, and Portsmouth. The charter members were Thomas Brown, Ira Doe, John Crockett, Charles W. Brown, Osman B. Warren, Wilbur F. Warren, John H. Pin- gree, and George W. Rollins, from Motolinia Lodge, No. 18; and James H. Warburton, from Miitouia Lodge, No. 52. Twenty-one were initiated the firat evening, and the grand officers left a lodge of thirty members August 25th. The first principal ofiicers of the lodge were Charles AV. Brown,. N. G.; O^man B. AVarren, V. G. ; Ira Doe, Sec. ; and Thomas Brown, Treas. Norway Plains Encampment, No. 7, 1, 0. ofO. F., was instituted Sept. 11, 1849, by Past Grand Master, S. H. Parker. The charter members were Thomas Brown, Asa P. Hanson, Daniel W. Quimby, John James, Ira Doe, David Legro, and John L. Horn. The first officers were as follows, viz. : Thomas Brown, C. P. ; Asa P. Hanson, H. P. ; D. W. Quimby, S. W. ; Ira Doe, Scribe ; D. Legro, Treas. ; John James, J. W. ; and J. L. Horn, Sentinel. The encampment has always maintained its meetings, and now numbers one hundred and twenty members. Motolinia Lodge, Ho. 18, LO. of O.F.— The parent lodge of Odd-Fellowship in Rochester was instituted March 16, 1846, by Grand Master, S. H. Parker, of Dover, assisted by a delegation from Wecohamet and Mount Pleasant Lodges, in Dover, and Washington Lodge of Great Falls. Its charter members were Charles Dennett, Stephen M. Mathes, Jacob Mc- Duffee, M. T. Curtis, and Edwin Bradbury, all from Washington Lodge, Great Falls. Its first officers were Asa P. Hanson, N. G. ; S. M. Mathes, V. G. ; Charles Dennett, R. Sec. ; and George B. Roberts, Treas. This lodge has admitted five hundred and eighty-one members, and from it -has been formed EOCHESTER. 735 Woodbine Lodge, No. 41, of Farmington ; Miltonia Lodge, No. 52, of Milton Mills; Kennedy Lodge, No. 57, and Cocheco Lodge, No. 39, of Rochester. Manufactures. — The first incorporated company at Norway Plains was the Mechanics' Company, which commenced the manufacture of blankets in 1834, with a capital of fifteen thousand dollars. Previous to this there had been, besides the saw-mills, various kinds of business attempted at these falls. Several fulling- and finishing-mills had for years been prosperously conducted. The manufacture of nails, of scythes, of cotton yaru,and the distilling of brandy were carried on at one time or another with different degrees of success. The Mechanics' Company failed in 1841. It was followed by the Gonic Company, which soon came to a like end. Wetmore and Sturtevant took the remains. They soon separated, dividing privileges and mills between them. AVetmore eventually failed or abandoned the business. J. D. Sturtevant, by skill and business ability, succeeded. In 1846 other per- sons were admitted and the company was incorpor- ated as the " Norway Plains Company." E. G. & E. Wallace have at the village the largest shoe-manufactory, it is believed, in the State. In con- nection with it is a tanning and currying establish- ment. Tlie Messrs. Wallace commenced with noth- ing, and by patient industry have built up a large business and made themselves wealthy. There are other manufactures at Rochester village, the largest being the sash- and blind-factory of John H. Meserve. At Gonic the late Hon. N. V. AVhitehouse com- menced machine wool-carding in 1833. In 1834 he added the manufacture of linseed oil. In 1838 he bought out Carr & Hibbard, who had failed in the business of making Guernsey cloth. He then com-, menced to make satinets, but in a few years changed to flannels. An incorporated company was afterwards formed, known as the Gonic Manufacturing Company, and new and larger mills were built. At East Rochester, John Hall commenced manu- facturing in the present mills just previous to the Rebellion. A company was incorporated soon after, with fifty thousand dollars capital, by the name of the Cocheco Woolen Manufacturing Company. Schools. — The first reference to schools in the old town records is under date of 1 750, when it voted to have a school. The following year they voted not to have a school. Several meetings were held during the year, and there seems to have been a determined effort on the part of a number of the inhabitants to have a school, but the majority voted that they would not have a school, and soon after a special meeting was held to choose agents to defend the town, which " lies under a presentiment for want of a school being kept, and to be heard and tried at the next Court of Quarter Sessions." The next year a school was kept sixteen weeks, and John Forst (Foss) was the master. He boarded round, and received less than ten dollars in silver for his services. School was maintained for a number of years, when the town relapsed, and voted that there should be no schoolmaster hired, but that they would pay the fine if recovered by presentment. Soon after, however, the better sentiment prevailed, the schools were well supported, and have been from this time to the present. The Rochester Academy. — As early as 1820 efforts were made for the removal of the Newmarket Wes- leyan Academy to Rochester. The project failed. An interest, however, had been awakened, which re- sulted, June 30, 1827, in the incorporation of the " Rochester Academy." The academy building was erected in 1828, and October 31st of that year the school opened with James Towner, A.M., as principal. His successors were as follows: C. W. Woodman, Lewis Turner, Mr. Ingersoll, F. Goodwin, L. N. Tracy, C. Hamlin, A. P. Chute, George Mathes, J. C. Ingalls, H. C. Hunt, Jeremiah H. W. Colby, David F. Drew, Joseph W. Drew, Jarvis McDuf- fee, and Rev. A. B. Worthing. For fifteen or twenty years this academy was a useful and flourishing insti- tution. Post-Offices. — The post-office at Rochester was established March 20, 1812, with AViUiam Barker as postmaster. The following is a list of postmasters from 1812 to the present time, with dates of appoint- ment: William Barker, March 26, 1812; John B. Buzzel, Aug. 5, 1815 ; David Barker, Jr., Oct. 15, 1818 ; Humphrey Hanson, July 8, 1823 ; John McDuffec, Jr., Aug. 4, 1826; William S. Ricker, Aug. 14, 1829; John H. Smith, April 11, 1831 ; Lowell Kenney, May 10,1832; Dominicus Hanson, Sept. 16, 1835; Gilbert Homey, June 15, 1849; William Jackson, April 23, 1853; Nicholas R. Varney, April 13, 1861 ; James F. Place, May 18, 1865; J. H. Worcester, April 5, 1867; John G. Davis, Jan. 28, 1868 ; George B. Roberts, April 19, 1869; O. B. Warren,' March 25, 1878. The Gonic Office was established Jan. 28, 1851, and the following is the list of postmasters : C. S. Whitehouse, Jan. 28, 1851 ; Downing Varney, Dec. 27, 1856 ; Henry W. Locke, Aug. 2, 1861 ; " E. F. Whitehouse, March 13, 1862 ; C. S. Whitehouse, Oct. 2, 1865 ; George Roberts, Jan. 28, 1868 ; C. S. AVhite- house,' July 19, 1869. The East Rochester Office was established June 2, 1863. Postmasters: Stephen F. Shorey, June 2, 1863 ; Moses. S. Hurd, April 13, 1865 ; S. s". Hart, July 8, 1867 ; Larkin Harrington, Dec. 22, 1870 ; and James Walker, present incumbent. May 16, 1871. During the first three months the office at Roches- ter yielded a revenue of $5.07. During the six months following the revenue amounted to $7.99. In 1826, ■ for three months the amount of receipts at the office was $25.76, of which it'3.08 was for postage on news- papers, the remainder being for letter postage. The postmaster's commissions for thesS three months ^ Trcscnt incumbent. <36 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. amounted to $8.51J. For three years and three months from Aug. 4, 1826, the total receipts of the office were only $238.97. The Rochester Courier was established and its first number printed Jan. 17, 1864, by J. Frank Place, a native of Gonic,.but who had served his time in the Lawrence [Mass.) American office, and came forth a practical printer and an excellent writer. He sold out in 1867 to George G. Foster, of Acworth, N. H., who edited the paper until January, 1868, when Charles W. Folsom became connected with it, and in October of 1869 purchased the establishment, and has been editor ahd proprietor to the present time. Mr. Folsom twice enlarged the Courier, making it a large thirty-two-column paper, containing much of local interest. Mr. Folsom, having been from his earliest days identified with Rocliester and its inter- ests, has made the paper intensely local. It is one of the best local journals in the State, and justly merits its present prosperity. The Anti-Monopolist and Local Record,— In the fall of 1878 the exigencies of the times seemed to de- mand a new political party in New Hampshire, and that new men should run the ship of State. The Republican and Democratic parties had outlived their usefulness, and the projectors of the Anti- Monopolist tliought the sooner hie jacet and requiescat in pace was written on their tombstones the better for the people. Tlie new party had sprung up like a mushroom in the West, and was already gaining great headway in the East, Massachusetts and Maine having a large number of converts to the new faith, and it was in the latter State that the senior projector of this paper was speaking in the interests of the new party when it was decided to start the new venture for public patronage and approval. Saturday, Oct. 19, 1878, the first number of the paper was issued, Moses Hull being its political editor and George G. Berry its local editor and publisher. Mr. Hull had previously run a newspaper in Boston, and owned a printing-office there, which office was removed to Eochestcrand combined with the office of Mr. Berry, who had been located here in the job-printing busi- ness for several years. The paper was started under the firm-name of George G. Berry & Co., and was a success from the start. The demand for a paper for local news was consid- erable, and this with the new political departure secured it sufficient patronage to make it successful from the start. That it had enemies is true, but they were treated the same as though they were friends; and the heresies of the new paper, as they were called, soon began to gain converts, and the paper has been steadily going on its course ever since. Jan. 25, 1879, Moses Hull retired from, the editorial control of the political department of the paper, giv- ing his interest to his brother, D. W. Hull, wlio was then in Michigan practicing medicine. He at once came to Rochester and commenced his labors, con- ducting that department with ability until the 1st of April, when failing health, through hard work, obliged him to leave the oflSce, his interest and that of Jiis brother Moses being purchased by George G. Berry, the latter at this time taking entire control of the paper. Aug. 20, 1881, Frank H. Berry, son of Mr. George G. Berry, was taken into partnership, and the paper has since been run under the firm-name of George G. Berry.& Co. The paper has always been free and outspoken on every subject, bold, independent, and fearless, never afraid to criticise or condemn a wrong action, whether the person doing the wrong was rich or poor, high or low, .and has always advocated the cause of the poor and oppressed against the capitalists and corpora- tions.. Nov. 12, 1881, the Anti- Monopolist was enlarged to a seven column sheet, giving a much greater amount of reading matter for the same money, viz., one dol- lar per year. It is now the cheapest paper of its size in the county. The Anti- Monopolist was the first Greenback paper in New Hampshire. The Social Library was established in»1792, and the following is a list of the librarians from that time to the present: Joseph Clark, Joseph Haven, Joseph Hanso.n, Thomas Shannon, William Shannon, Joseph Billiard, Joseph Clark, Andrew Pierce, Joseph Sher- burne, Jeremiah H. Woodman, Jqseph Haven, Jo- seph Cross, John Smith, David Barker, Jr., Noah Tibbetts, Rufus K. Pearl, Daniel J. Parsons, Cyrus K. Sanborn, A. S. Parshley, and Henry Kimball. EEPEESENTATIVES FROM 17G2 TO 188:). 1774-76, 177S-88. Deacon Jc-imes lS.32-3:i. Benjamin Hayes. Knowlog. 18-14-ao, Jonatiian llu>sey. 1702, 1775-,s2. Lieut. Jobn Mc- 1833-an. Charles Deiinelt. Duffeo. 1837, William S. iiickor. 1775. Elienczer Tebbctts. Louis MoDnflee. 1773-78. John Pluuinier. 1838-39. N. V. Wliitelionse. 1781. Jiiljoz Dame. James Tebhetls. 17SS-01. B. Palriu-r. 1840-41. John Whitman. 1701-97, James Howe. 1840-44. A. S llonaiJ. 17'J2-95. Aaron Wingate. lSH-42. Jonathan H. Koss. 1794-ISOiJ. William Palmer. 1843. S, M. Matiies. 171I8-18U1. Jc.sepli tlarli. 1812, Noah Tobhelts, 17U'J-1&02. Levi Deaiborn. 1841, Jacob Smart. lB(IO-;i. Rieh Dame. 1844-4'5. Jabez Dame, Jr. 1802. Dcaid I'innjmer. 1846-40, Daniel Lotliroli. 18U4-0. IJavid RijUor. 1840-47. liichavd Kiniball. ]Su;-0. KatJianii-l Ui.liam. ' 1S47. N, D, Wutniore, 1810-17. Jolin McDiitlei-, Jr. 1848-40, William Evans. 1814-10. James Teliljelta. ISJO. D. J. !'ais..ns. 181l)-22. Moses Halo. B, II. Junes, 1818-10. llalevil Knight, 1851-52, James C. Cole, 1810-2(1. William BMkci-. Stephen Sliorey, 182^-24. Jeremiah 11, Woodman. 1853-54, James Urown, 182:1-20. D. B.iiUer.Jf. L. D. Day. 1824. John Greentield. 1854. J. F. JlcDnffee. 182J-20. .hisel.h Cr..«5. 1856-30. George U. Roberts, 1827. Jonas C. Marc-li. Jacob B, ^Valliugford 1828-:30. James Farrington. Daniel W, Dame. lS:iO-:!l, Blos.-s Yonng. 1857-.-,S, Jacob 11. EIn, 18;iJ-J4, John U. Smith, It, T, Rogers. ROCHESTER. 1857-08. .Iiimes Tebbctls. 1872 C. W. Brown. 18J9-6U. I. \V. Sprhigfleld. 1873 Arthur D. Whitehouse John Legi'o. Charles W. Folsom. 1859. Geovge W, Fliigg. Charles W. Brown. 18nu-Cl. Levi Jl.'iukr. Francis Oir. ]801-(i2. M. H, Weiitworth. 1874 Charles F. Caverly. I'rankliiiMcDuffee. 1875 Charles V. Caverly. 1602. Chiii-losS. Whitehouse. Osmon B. Wurreij. ISIl:!. E. H. Watson. John W. Tibbetts. Jmnc-s Fanington. Francis Orr. William Weutwortli. 1870 Charles F. Caverly. ISOi. Jolm Hall. Osmon B. Warren, Benj. Horn. Larkin B. Mentten. 18G4-65. Dudlpy W. Hayes. Stciihen C. Meades. 180-). Oliarles K. Olia.so. Sidney B. Hayes. lSOp-00. Joslmii Vicjicry. 1877 Stephen C. Meades. S. D.-Wentn-orlh. Sidney U. Hayes. 18CG. A. M. Kimball. I^aac W. Lougee. 1800-07. William Wliiteliouse. Jr. Joseph ?r. Hanson. 18Q7-08. C. K. Sanborn. Daniel McDuffee, E.G. Wallace. 1878 IsaJic \V. Longee. William Flagg. Joseph M. Hanson. 1808-00. L. Harringtuu. Daniel WcDnfTee. 180a. J. N. Hayes. Noah A. Jenness. John Crockett. Charles Blaze. S. Hiissey, Jr. 1879 Noah A. Jenness. 1870. None chosen. Walter S. Stanley. 1S71. E. U. Watson. Cliarles Blaze. w. nana. 1880 -8;). Wilbur F. Warren. N. Nutter. John D. Fogg. K. B. Wentworth. Nathan Yeaton. 1872. Eihvin Wallace. John Young. S.E. Whitehouse. John B. Kelley. C. W. Folsom. PnOPRIETOR'S CLERKS. 1722-44. Paul Gerrish. I 1751-84. John Wentworth. 1741-51. John Gage. I TOWN CLERKS FROM 1737 TO 1883. 1737-38. Rev. Amos Main. 1851-53. Jabez Dame, Jr. 17.i8-44. John Bickford. 1852-65. G<'orge H.Dennett, 1744-40. William Chamberlain. l.s.-).5-57. Eben J. JIathes. 1746-48. John Bickford. 1857-00. Charles K. Chase. 1748-50. Isaac Libbey. 1850-01. J. D. Evans. 1750-51. Edward Tebbetts. 1801-03 S. D. Wentworth. 1751-50. Isaac Libbey. 1803-04 Nathaniel Bnrnham. 1750-71. Jonathan Dame. 1804-05 Ejihraim H. Whitehouse 1771-1803. Josiah M.ain. D. D. Wentworth. 180.3-15. Joseph Slierburne. 1805-07. J. H. Worcester. 1815-30 Joseph Gross. 1807-69 George F. Suppy. 1830-38. Charles Dennatt. J. J. Meader. 1838-51. James C. Cole. TOWN CLERKS. 1872-76. George S. Lindsey.i I 1881-82. Horace L. Worcester. 1870-80. A. T. Cotton. I Military Eecord, 1861-65. — Rochester responded promptly to the call for troops during the Rebellion of 1861-65, and furnished two hundred and seventy- three men for the service. Sixty-four thousand nine hundred and fourteen dollars and fifty-five cents were paid by the town as bounties, and the total amount of bounties and expenses reached sixty-seven thousand and eighty-one dollars and eighty-nine cents. The following is a list of the soldiers : David S. Bean, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; must, in September, 1801 ; died Jan. 23, 1802. Michael Batty, Co. G, 8th Regt. ; must, in Dec. 23, 1861 ; drowned May 25, 1802. 1 Cliarles S. Ela, appointed to fill Lindsey's unexpired term of 1875. 47 Benjamin Arlin, Co. G, 8th Regt.; must, in Dec. 23, 1861 ; in service until his death in 1805. Andrew J. Carter, Co. D, 5th Regt. ; must, in April 20, 1802 ; died July 13, 1HI12. Hosca C. Clay, 2d lienl. Co. II, 9tli Regt.; must, in Nov. 28, 1861 ; dijd Nov. 3, 1802. Edward M. Cauney, Co. II, 0th Regt. ; must, in Nov. 28, 1801 ; killed Aug. 2,1802, George E. Clough, 1st Cav.; must, in March 20,180-1; died Dec, 12, 1804. Charles W. Downs, Co. K, 2d Regt. ; must, in June 8, 1801 ; missing at Williamsburg Jlay 5, 1802. M. Doiipean,Co. E, 2d Ilegt, ; must, in Nov, 5, 1863; died of wounds Juno 0, 1SG4, Joseph W. Dame, Co, T, 3d Regt, ; must, in Aug. 24, 1861; died of wounds Aug. 30, 1804. John Friend, Co. A, 9th Regt. ; must, in June 13, 1864 ; died of wounds Aug. 10,1804. John C. Glidden, Co. K, 0th Regt,; must, in Jan. 14, 1804; died May 21, 1804. Moses F. Gray, Co. H, 9th Regt.; must, in Aug. 13, 1802 ; died April 15, 11^64. John W. Garland, Co. H, 0th Regt.; must, in Aug; 13, 1802; died Ncv. 20, 1802. John E. Garland, Co, I, 15th Regt, ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; died April 16, 1803, George B, Hartford, Co, A, 41h Regt, ; mnst. in Sept. 18, 1801 ; died Feb. 2, 1802. Henry Ilorney, Co. II, 0th Eegt. ; must, in Nov. 28, 1801 ; died Jan. 28, 1804. Jose|.h D. Hall, Co, G, 8th Regt.; must, in Dec, 23, If 01 ; died Dec, 21, 1802, Francis M. Hartford, Co. G, 8th Regt; must. In Dec, 23,1801; died Sept, 27, 1802, Alberto Hall, Co, G, 8lh Regt,; must, in Dec, 23,1801 ; died March 17, 1804, Ira T. Howard, Co. H, 0th Regt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 1862 ; probably killed at Bull Run. Jolm II. Jackson, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1861 ; died Nov. 20, 1804. J. H. Jenness, Co. H, 0th Regt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 1862; died Feb, 17, 1803, Cliailes W.Canney,Co,D, 5th Regt.; must, in Oct. 23, 1861 ; killed June 3, 1801'. J. B, Kimball, Co. H, Olh Kegt. ; must, in Nov. 23, 1801 ; died Oct. 21, 1862. N. D. Leighton, Co. U, Olh Regt. ; mnst. in Aug. 13, 1862 ; died Nov. 14, 1862. William 0. Little,Co. D, 12th Regt.; must, in Jan. 1,1804: died July 18, 1804. Tliomas Mack, Co. A, 1st Regt. ; must, in April 20, 1801 ; killed Sept. 10, 1863. Simon C. JIcDulTee, Co. II, 0th Regt. ; must.in Aug. 13, ISO*; died Aug. 14, 1804. S. M. Newhind,Co.I,15th Regt.; must.in Oct.l4,lS02; died of wounds July 4, 1803. Abram Peatl,Co. I,3d Regt. ; must in Aug. 24, 1801 ; died of wounds Juno 10, 1802. Abram W, Pearl, Co. II, 9th Regt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 1862 ; died in 1864. Sanniel Robinson, Go. I, 3d Regt.; mnst. in Aug. 24, 1801; pro. to 2d lieut. ; died of wounds June 2, 1864. Harlow S.monds, Co. B, 5lh Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1803; died Oct. 18, 1864. John C.Sampson, Co. H, 9th Regt. ; must.in Aug. 13, 1862; pro. to 2d lieut. April 1, 1303 ; killed July 30, 1804. G. E. Shorey, Co. C, 1st Regt. ; mnst. in March 30, 1864; died at Ander- sonville Aug 2, 1804. Joseph Tiickey, Co. D, 5tli Regt.; must, in Oct. 23, 1801 ; killed July 2, 1803. A. J. Thurston, Co. B,Otll Regt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1863; died of wounds Juno 25, 1864. John Yelden, Co. I, 3d Regt.; must, in Aug. 24, 1861 ; died of wounds. George F. Young, Co. I, 15th Regt. ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802; died. S. H. Rogers, Co. A, 4th Regt.; must.in Sept. 18, 1801 ; died Jan. 13, 1805. 0. Le Blanck, Co. E, 2d Regt. ; must, in Nov. 25, 1863 ; died of wounds July 17, 1864. John W. Hinckley, Co. C, 5th R"gt.; must, in Aug. 19, 1864; killed Match 25, 1805. 738 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Winfield S. Bickford, Co. 11, Cth Eegt. ; muBt. iu Nov. 28, 18G1 ; died March 12, 18r.2. William W. Heard, Co. I, Gth Eegt. ; must, iu Jan. 1, 1864 ; died at An- dersoiiville Aug. 26, 1864. James F. Tucker, Co. B, ]8t Bfgt. ; must, in May 2, 1861 ; died of wounds May 22, 1S64. William H. Allin, Co. H, Otli Kegt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 1862 ; died Feb. 8, 1863. W. Willey, Co. 1, 15tU Eegt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1862 ; died Aug. .3, 1863. George W. Julinson, Co. II, IStU Kegt.; must, in JiUi.28,lS(i5; died May 27, 1865. James B. Osgood, navy; killed Aug. 5, 1865. Charles H. Ilani, 1st Cav.; must, in March 22, 1804; died Sliirch 16, 1865. Elihn H. Legro, Co. D, 0th Eegt.; must, iu Nov. 27, 1861; died Jan. 1, 1863. John H. Eoberts, Co. 1, 15tli Eegt.; must, in Oct. 28, 1802; died Aug. 13, 1862. James Goiidwiu, Co. II, 6th Eegt. ; must, in Not. 28, 1861 ; killed Aug. 29. 1862. Charles B. Hussey, Co. II, Olh Kegt.; must, in Aug. 13, 1862; died May 31,1864. George J. Bean, Co. D, 6lli Eegt. ; must, in Oct. 20, 1861 ; died Sept. 9, 1862. George W. Garland, Co. I, 2Gth Mass. Eegt. ; divd Aug. 1, 1803. W. Smith, Co. K, 6th Kegt. ; must, iu Oct. 7, 1803; died of wounds June 17, 1804. James ¥. Smith, Co. K, 12tli Eegt.; killed July 2, 1803. Benjamin F. Blaisdell, Co. G, luth Mass. Kegt. ; died of wounds Nov. 10, 1864. Benjamin Hobbs, surg. ; died Aug. 26, 1806. Charles York, lat Caj-.; must, in March 30,1304; died Sept. 14, 1S64. 1. C. Cater, navy; di^^d Sept. 26, 1865. George W. Calif, 1st Cav. ; must, in March 24, 1865 ; died Aug. 7, 1865. Jos. 11. Plnimer, Co. B, l-it Eegt. ; must in May 2,1861 ; died Dec. 0, If-OS. J. D. Hurne, Co I, 20th Miiss. Kegt.; died Sept. 'i'l, 180:). Alonzo Ilaitfi.vd, Co. I. 2id Mass. Uegt.; died Dec. 26, 1803. A. M. Kimball, Co. U, 0th Regt. ; must, iu Nov. 28, 1861 ; 1st limt. Co. I, 15th Eegt.; com. of regt. J. B. Kimball, com.-sergt. 15th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 3D, 1862; died May 16, 1863. S. C. Jacobs, navy, 1865; died iji 1860. Charles Courtland, sergt. Co. 1, 15th Eegt, ; must, in Oct, 14, 1862 ; must. out Aug. 13, 1803. Charles H. Clark, Co. I, 2d Eegt. ; must, iu Nov. 30, 1863; must, out Dec. 19,1865. Charles E. Wilkinson, Co. B, Ist Regt. ; must, in May 2, 1861 ; must, out Aug. 9, IKOl. James Ramsbottom, was in naval service tweutyK)no years; killed. F. L. Avery, Co. B, 1st Eegt.; must, in May 2, 1861 ; must, out -Vug. 9, 1861. J. S. Sullivan, Co. P, 6th Regt.; niu«t. in Oct. 23, 1801; diseli. 1803. D. T. Perkins, sergt. 6th Regt. ; must, in Nov. 28, 1861 ; discli. Nov. 17, 1802. S. D. Avei-y, .'itli Regt. ; must, in Oct. 23, 1801 ; must, out May 0, 1865. B. F. Parsons, navy, 1862. J. S. Hartford, navy, 1802. N. Bradley. Benjamin Arliu, Co. G, Stli Eegt.; must, in Dec, 23,1801 ; died, John W. Babb, Co. I, 15lh Regt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1802; must, out Aug. 13. 1863. John G. McCiillis, Co. 1, 16th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1862; must, out -\ug. 13, lS6.i. Daniel 1'. Avciy, Co. II, 9th Eegt.; must, in Aug. 21, 1862; supposed killed. Aniasa Piay, Co. F, 4th Eegt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1801 ; must, out Sept. 27, 1864. Andrew Collins, Co. II, 9th Eegt.; must, in Aug. 20, 1802. S. A. Avery, Co. H, 9th Regt.; must, iu Aug. 13, 1862. Charles II. Estes, Co. I, 3d Eegt.; must, in Aug. 24. 1861; must. out Aug. 23,1864. Charles Anderson, Co. 1, 13th Regt. ; must, in Dec. 28, 1863. Jeremiah Jacobs, Asa P. Ilall, John Blaisdell, Ilari-ison Roberts and J E. Nute were employed by government in construction corps about five months. II. J. Armstrong, Co. B, 14tli Regt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1863. James Y.iung, Co. D, 1st II. Ait.; mils:, in Sept. 4, 1804; must, out June 0, 1865. H. Stanshury, navy. William Butteriield, V. E. C. ; must, in Jan. 5, 1864; must, out Nov. 13, 18S5. James E. Warren, Co. B, 7th Kegt. ; must, in Nov. 19, 18C1 ; must, out Dec. 22, 1804. John White, Co. K, 13th 111. Eegt. ; must, in May 24, 1861 ; disch. June 14, 1863. John Avery, 1st Cav.; must, in March 24, 1865; must. out July 15,1865. P. M. Worster, 1st Cav.; must, in April 12, 1864; must, out June 8, 1865. J.H. Wardwell, Co. 1, 15th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1862; must, out Aug. 13, 1863. W. ^l. Avery, 1st Cav. ; must, in April 7, 1865 ; must, out May 6, 1805. Morris Welch, Co. H, 14th Regt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1803. W. F. Warren, 1st Cav. ; must, in March 30, 1804 ; must, out July 15, 1805. L. L. Aldricli, V. E. C. ; must, in Jan. 5, 1804. Charles H. Warren, Co. K, 2d Eegt.; must, iu May 18,1801; disch. June 6, 1863. John Vilson, Co. T, Gth Regt.; must, in Aug. 17, 1864. Charles H. Bliss, Co. A, 1st Ilegt. ; must, in April 24, 1861. Charles Bliss, Co D, 5th Kegt. ; must. in'Oct. 23, ISOl. Charles II. Weiitworth, Co. H, Gth Kegt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 1862 ; must. out June 10, 1865. i B. G. Brown, Co. A, 1st Regt. ; must, in April 29, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 9, 1801 ; subsequently in regular army. John Williams, Co. B, 0th R.gt.; must, in Dec. 31. 1803. 0. B. Warren, Co. H, 9th Kegt. ; must, in Aug, 13, 1862 ; pro. to 1st sergt. March 1, 1864 ; captured May 12, 1864, and cpent some time in An- dersouvillo prison ; was a prisoner nine months and fifteen days. B. F. Burns, Co. B, 1st Regt. ; must, in May 2, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 9, 1861; re-eiil. Co. G, 8th Eegt.; must, iu Dec. 23, 1801; must, out Oct. 24, 1804; sergeant. R. C. Whichcr, Co. li, 5th Regt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1863 ; must, out 1865. Ichabod Worcester, Co. F, 5th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1803 ; must, out May 18, 1866. C. C. Bhiisdell, Co. B, 1st Eegt. ; must, in May 2, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 9,1801. C. H. Williams, Co. K, 4lli Eegt. ; must, in Sept. IS, ISOl. Charles Williams, Co. K, 4tli Kegt. Pierre Boiiche, Co. F, 2d Regt. ; must, in Nov. 25, 1SC3 ; must, out Dec. la, 1864. N. H. Willard, Co. A, 4th Regt ; must, out Sept. 18, 1804. Will. am Thomas. Daniel G. Blaisdell, Co. I, 3d Eegt.; must, in Aug. 24, 1861 ; must. out July 20, 1866. Joseph Wingate, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; must. iu Sept. 18, 1801 ; pro. tolst lieut. ; must, out Aug. 2.i, 1806. S. E. Babb, Co. A, 4th Regt.; must, in Sept. 18, 1801 ; was in T. R. C. iu 1806. Henry Wilson, Co.'B, 1st Eegt. ; must, in May 2, 1861. Patrick Caine, must, in Sept. 1, 1864. J. F. Brown, Co. A, 4th Eegt.; must, in Sept. 18, 1861 ; must, out iu 1862. Samuel F. Varney, Co. D, 5th Regt. ; must, in Oct. 12, 1861 ; pro. to 2d lieut.; res. April 13, 1862. John B. Varney, art.; must, in Jan. 4, 1804; must, out June 9,1865. James L. B.ijle, Co. A, 4lh Eegt.; must, iu Sept. 18, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 23, 1806. James 11. Varney, Co. B, 1st Regt.; must, in May 2, 1861 ; must, out April 16, 1 864. Henry F. Bean, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1861; must, out Sept. 27, 1M4. M, League, 1st Heavy Art,; must, in Sept, 4, 1864; must, out Juno 15, 1806. Charles Tenguc,Co.C,18th Eegt.; must, in April 0,1805; must. out May 6,1866. Samuel F. Bliss, Co. D, 6th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 23, 1861. Noah Tebbets, Co. 1, 16th Regt.; must, in Oct. 22, 1862; com. 2d lieut. ; must, out 1865. Charles E. Tebbets, 1st Cav.; must, in March 19, 1864; must, out July 16, 1865. John Beecher, Co. E, 6tli Eegt, ; must, in Aug, 14, 1803 ; trans, fo navj-. E, D, Tilton, Co. 1, 11th Eegt,; must, iu Jan. 2, 1804; must, out July 17, 1865. J. H. W. Tebbets, sergt.-maj. Co. I, 15th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1862; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. M. D. Brackett, Co. B, 6lh Eegt; must. In Aug. 14, 1803; must, out Juno 18, 1806. ROCHESTEK. ■39 Joseph B. Twombly, Co. H, 9th llegt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 18G2 ; must, out Miirch 18, 1863. John Thompson, Co. H, 9th Regt. ; must, in Aug. 21, 1803 ; must, out Doc. 29, 1803. J. r. Bickfoid, Co. H, 6th Eegt. ; must, in Nov. 28, 1801 ; must, out May 21,1862. A. IK Twombly, Co. D, 6th Kegt. ; must, in Dec. 31, 1863 ; must out July 17, 1805. JohuP. Triekey,Co.G,8thEegt. ; must in Dec. 23,1861 ; three years four montlis in service. John Burke, Co. D, 6th Kegt.; must, in Dec. 26, 1803 ; must, out July 17, 1805. George W. Trickey, Co. K, 2d Kegt. ; must, in June 8, 1861 ; must, out Aug. 22, 1865. louis Buckley, Co. D, 0th Kegt.; must, in Dec. 28, 1803. S. H. Tebhets, Co. B, 1st Eegt. ; must, in May 2, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 9, ISOl. ■\Villiam Toben, Co. B, 1st Regt. (fnvnislied substitute). James Bkiisdell, Co. B, 10th Mass. Kegt. ; must, in June 21, 1801 ; 2d lieut. Otii Regt. ; must, out Aug. 4, 1864. Cliarlcs C. Blackmar, Co. II, 9th Uegt.; must, in Aug. 13, 1802. L B. Sampson, Co. K, S4tli Penn. Uegt.; must, in Oct. 24, 1861; must. out Dec. 4, 1864; 1st lieut. James M. Biyant, Co. F, llth Regt. ; must, in Feb. 2, 1604. James >1. Biyant. J. \V. Smith, served in Indian war in Iowa; must, in 1807; diBch.1870. Cliarles Browu, Co. I, 14th Kegt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1803 ; died Aug. 11, 1864. E. E. Small, Co. K, 18th Regt.; must, in April 1, 1805 ; must, out May 6, 1S05. A. F. Sanborn, Co. 1,3d Kegt.; must, in Aug. 24,1801; died Nov. 27, 1861. J. W. Blaisdell, Co. I, 15tli Kegt. ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. John T. Sinclair, Co I, 15tli Eegt.; must, in Oct. 22, 1802. Joseph F. Spinney, Co. D, 1st Eegt. U. Art.; must, in Sepl.4, 1804; must. out May 10, 1805. Josoiih E. Brown, Co. 1, 15th Eegt. ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. James B. Sieves, Co. I, 15th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1802; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. Jackson Shaw, Co. 1, 15th Kegt. ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863. J. Blown, Co. 1, 15th Kegt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1802. Z. Sargent, Co. H, Olh Regt.; must, in Nov. 28,1861; disch. May 16, 1803. James Sanders, Co. H, 0th Regt. ; must, in Nov. 28, 1801 ; must, out July 17, 1805. David Bickford, Co. 1, 15th Eegt. ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1S63. Joseiih Smith, Co Q, 5th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1803; must, out June 28, 1865. S. S Simonds, Co. C, 5th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1863 ; pro. to 2d lieut. Joseph Bamford, Co 1, 15th Uegt. ; niu.st. in Oct. 14, 1862 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863. II. 0. Simon, Co. F, 5th Kegt. ; must, in April 20, 1802. Lyman D. Stone, Co. F, 5th Regt.; must, in Aug. 14,1803; must, out June 28,1805. Jacob H. Bakel', Co. C, 18th Regt. ; must, in Sept. 14, 1804; must, ont May 20, 1 865. William W. Sarles, Co. I, 3d Regt. ; must, in Aug. 24, 1801; must, out July 20, 1865. N Shorey (Great Falls), Co. D,.3d Regt.; must, in Aug. 23, 1801 ; must. out July 20, 1806. E.lward Buike, Co. D, Ist Eegt. H. Art.; must, in Sept. 4, 1804. •William Riser, Co. F, 14lli Regt.; must, in Aug. 14, 1863. C. 0. Ratikins, Co. F, 4th Regt. {Somerswoitli). P. McCormack. N. Brock, II. Art.; must, in Sept. 4, 1804; must, out Sept. 11, 1806. John W. Roberts, Co. II, 9th Regt.; must, in Aug. 13,1862; must, out June 10, 1865. Ilot-ace Randall, Co. U, 9th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 1802; must, out June 10, 1805. C. Brackett, Co. K, 18th Eegt. ; must, in April 5, 1805 ; must, out May 0, 186.5. S C. Kowe, Co. U, Cth Eegt. ; must, in Kov. 28, 1801 ; roust, out Nov. Ll, 1864. .lames Ross, Co. D, 7th Kegt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1863. Robert Brown, v. R.C.; must, in Doc. 29, 1803; died Aug. 20, 1804. G. E. Eicker, Co.- A, 4th Eegt. ; must, in Sept. IS, 1801 ; must, out Dec. 20, 1803. William Eicker, Go. D, 6th Kegt. ; must, in Oct. 23, 1661 ; must, out Oct. 29, 1864. Robert C|Rsley, Co. B, 1st Kegt. ; must, in May 2, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 9, 1801. Enos Renitzor, Co. I, 3d Regt. ; must, in Aug. 24. 1801 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863. E. P. Crows, Co. D, 2d Regt. ; must, in June 1, ISOl ; must, out June 21, 1864. William A. Peabody, Co. F, 35th Mass. W. Sheehauj 1864. Owen Can-oil, navy. J. M. Pinkham, Ist Cav.; must, in April 5,1865; must, out May 0,1805. T. Pickering, 2d Mass. A. Cavanagh, Co. E, 2d Eegt. ; must, in Nov. 25, 1803 ; must, out Dec. 19, 1865. George 0. Pearl, Co. H, 18th Regt.; must, in Feb. 9,1865; must, out July 19, 1805. John W. Brow-ning, Marino Corps; must, in Aug. 22, 1864. Jacoli Colonuy, Co. I, 3d Rpg^.; must, in Aug. 24, 1861; must, out Aug. 13. 1803. John M. Plumer, Co. D, 1st R. Art. ; must, in Sept. 4, 1864; must, out June 15, 1805. James Robertson, Marino Corps; must. in Aug. 13, 1804. B.F. Colcord, Co. I, 3d Regt.; must, in Aug. 24, 1861; must, out Aug. 23, 1804. John P^g^ley, Co. D, 1st K. Ait.; must, in Sept. 4, 1864; must, out Sept. 11,1805. D. W. Dow-ns, Mass. Cav. ; served three years; pro. to 1st lieut. W. H. Choate, Co. I, 3d Kegt.; must, iu Aug. 24, 1801; must, out Aug. 23. 1804. Charles F. Pickering, 1st Cav. ; must, in March 21, 1804 ; must, out July 15, 1865.] Charles W. Pame, 20th Mass. ; must, in September, 1801 ; must, out Sept. 23, 1805. -lames F. Clark, Co. 1, 3d Eegt. ; nuist. in Aug. 24, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 23. 1804. Charles E. Pike, 1st Cav. ; must, in March 19, 1804; must, out July 15, 1805. Charles II. Clay, Co. A, 4th Kegt.; must, in Sept. 18, 1*801; must, out Aug. 33, 1805. George E. Pinkliams, Co. 1, 15th Regt., capt. ; must, in Nov. 3, 1862; must, out Aug. 13, 1863. James Russell, must, in Aug. 9, 1804. James Collins, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; must, in Sept. IS, 1801 ; must, out July 22. 1805. Cliailes Patterson, Co. C, 6th Kegt.; must, in May 18, 1804. J. K. Corson, Co. A, 4th Eegt ; must, in Sept. 18, 1361 ; must, out Sept. 14, 1804. J. T. Corson, Co. G, 3d Regt. ; must, in Aug. 23, 1861. Augustus Gate, Co. D, 5tli Regt ; must, in Oct. 23, 1861. Alphonso Page, Co. I, 6[h Eegt.; must, in Jan. 1, 1S64; must, out Jan. 19, 1865. James W. Page, Co. II, 9th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 2, 1864 ; must, out June 10, 1866. T. 0. Conner, Co. II, 9th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 180-2. H. Pitchcnger, Go. K, 6tli Eegt.; 'must, in Sept. 19, 1804. John Chesley, must, in Aua;. 18, 1804. George W. Pickering, Co. I), 6th Regt.; must, in Oct. 23, ISOl. Charles H. Parker, Co. B, 6th Regt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1863. Charles F. Crockett,-Co F, 5th Eegt. ; must, in Sept. 7, 1804 ; must, out June 19, 1865. James II. Perkins, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 18, 1801 ; must, out May 9, 1865. J. C. Pierce, Co. D, 5th Eegt. ; must, in Oct. 23, 1801 ; must, out Juuo 13, 1803. W. F. Corson, Co. H, 9th Eegt.; must, in Aug. 13, 1802; must, out July 5, 1865. E. n. Pierce, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1861 ; must, out Aug. 23, 1805. George Chadwick, Co. II, 10th Kegt. ; must, in Jan. 5, 18C4 ; nuist. out Dec. 19, 1805. F. Fngsley, Co. I, 3d Regt. ; must, in Aug. 24, 1801; must, ont June 23, 1805. 140 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. A. Homey, must, in March 30, 'T864. .Toakin Coliido, Co. C, 14th Begt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1803. L. F. Place, 3d Kegt. ; must, iu Aug. 24, ISCl ; pro. to Isl lieut. ; resigned July 22, 1803. George Curtis, Co. F, 14th Eogt. ; must, in Aug. 3, 1864. C. C. Piirkins, Co. D, 2d Regt. ; must, in June 1, 1801 ; must, out May 9, 180.5. N. Praugli, Co. F, 2cl Regt. ; must, in Nov. 25, 1863. John n. Cate, Co. H, 18th Regt.; must, in Tcb. 8, 1S65; must, out July 10, 1805. R. M. Palmer, Co. A, 1st Regt. ; must, in April 19, 1801 ; must, out Oct. 24, 1804. ■\VilIiain Johnson, navy, must, in Sept. 30, 1804. A. F. Corson, Co, K, 3d Regt. ; must, in Aug. 24, 1801 ; must, put Nov. 20, 1802. G. H, Nickerson, Co. I, 16th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. John H. Nutter, Co. K, 18th Regt ; must, in March 22, 1805 ; must, out Mi\y,0, 1805. S. Colby, Co. D, Minn. Cav.; must, in Sept. 21, 1803. James T. Nichols, Co. G, 8th Kegt. ; must, in Dec. 23, 1801 ; must, out Jan. 18, 1803, L. B. Johnson, 10th Maine. W. B. Caverly, Co. A, 7th Regt. ; must, in Oct. 29, 1861 ; must, out Jan. 14, 1803. James Ncelaud, Co. H, 6th Regt. ; must, iu Nov. 28, 1861 ; must, out Nov. 28, 1864, James M, Cilley, Co, D, 1st H, Art, ; must, in Sept, 4, 1864; must, out June 5, 1805. F, A. Omo, Co, I, 15th Regt. ; must, in Oct, 4, 1802; must, out Aug. 13, 1803, Thomas England, 30th Mass. T, Diipraia, Co. E, 2d Ro;t, ; must, in Nov. 2.'i, 1803; must, out Dec. 19, ISO.'), b B. Otis, Co. D, 0th Regt. ; must, in Nov. 27, 1801 ; must, out Nov, 28, 130 1, as L«t lient, P, White. B. Duproy, Co, F, 2d Regt,; must, iu Nov, 25, 1803; must, out Dec, 19, 1806, F. L. Otis, Co. I, 3d Regt.; must, in Aug, 24, 1801; must, out July 20, 1805. Robert Watson. James Dame, Co. A, 4th Regt.; must, in Sept, 18, 1801, F, Otis, Co, I, 3d Eegt, ; must, in Aug, 24, 1801 ; must, out Dec, 22, 1803, George Prover. C. T. Donahue. William L, Damzen, Co. A, 5th Regt.; must, in Aug, 12, 1804 ; mus{, out June 28, 1865. AV, S. Meserve, navy, must, in April 5, 1804; must, out June 20, 1864, Sidney Prince, R, Bennett, navy ; must, iu Jan. 5, 1805. P. Donahue, Co. A, 5th Regt, ; must, in Aug. 15, 1804 ; must, out June 28, 1865, J. W, Morse, Co. F, 14th Regt. ; must, in Aug, 14, 1803 ; must, out June 9, 1805. John Mahonay, Co. I, 15th Regt, ; must, in Oct, 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug, 13, 1803, P» J, Diiily, Co. B, 5th Eegt. ; must, in Sept. 1, 1804. J. E. Mack, Co. G, 8th Eegt.; must, in Dec, 23, 1861. J. A. Murray, Co. D, 8th Eegt.; must, in .\ug, 14, 1803, William II, Dunhan, Co, F, 7th Eegt, ; must, in Dec, 29, 1803; must, out July 20, 1865, T. J, Mallard, Co, D, 6th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 23, 1801. J. 0. Maiu, Co. G, 8tli Eegt. ; must, iu Dec. 20, 1861 ; Ist lieut. ; res. March 3, 1863. John Davis, Co. C, 14th Regt, ; must, in Aug, 14, 1803, J, McDuffee, Co, D, 5th Regt, ; must, in Oct. 23, 1861 ; must, out May 11, 1865, George W, Mellen, Co, D, 5th Eegt,; must in Oct, 23, 1801; must, out Oct, 29, 1804, S. J. Daland, 1st cav. ; must, in March 30, 1864 ; must, out July 10, 1865. Daniel McCrillis, Co. I, 3d Eogt. ; must, iu Aug. 21, 1861 ; must, out July 20, 1805. M. McHugh, Co. A, 4th Eegt.; must, in Sept. 18, 1861 ; must, out Sept. 27, 1804. Charles U. Dame, Co. D, 1st Eogt, Art,; must, Iu Sept, 24, 1864; must, out June 15, 1805, H. P. Murphy, Co. I, 3d Eegt.; must in Aug. 24, 1801; must, out July 20, 1865. D. McCrillis, Co. I, 3d Regt. ; must, in Aug. 24, 1801 ; disch. Oct. 17, 1801 . James Davis, must, in Dec. 29, 1803, George H, Meserve, Co. A, 1st Eegt. ; must, in April 29, 1861 ; must, out Aug. 23, 1805. A. Ehrhorn, Co. K, 6th Regt.; must, in Jan. 5, 1864. J. C. flieserve, Co. A, 1st Eegt. ; must, in April 29, 1801 ; must, out Sept, 27, 1864. E. H. Glcddcn. Charles W. Edgerly, capt. Co, II, 9th Regt, ; must, in Aug, 10, 1862 ; rcs'd Feb, 17, 1863, H, Hunter. W. Ellis, Co. H, 9th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 13, 1862 ; must, out June 10, 1866. William J. Lavender, Co. H, 9th Regt.; must, in Aug. 13, 1862; must. out Jan. 12, 1805. S. Lewis, Co. F, 14th Eegt,; must, in Dec. 28, 1863; must, out July 8, 1865. S. J. Edwards, 1st H. A. ; must, in Sept. 5, 18C4 ; must, out June 19, 1865. A. Little, Co. F, 6th Kegt. ; must, in Aug. 30, 1864. M. Leonard, Co. F, 5th Regt.; must, in Sept. 1, 1864; must. out June 2^, 1865. M. D. Emerson, Co. D, n. Art.; must, in Sept. 4, 1864; must, out June 15, 1865. E. G. Leighton, Co. A, 4th Eegt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1801 ; must, out OlI. 26, 1803. Charles Lynch, Co. G, 5lh Regt. ; must, in Aug. 15, 1804. R. 11. Foss, Co. I, 3d Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 24, ISOI ; must, out Aug, 2), 1804, II, W, Locke, capt, Co, A, 4th Eogt. ; must, in Sept, 20, 1801 ; must, out 1805. William Farley, Co. C, 5th Regt.; must, in Dec. 28, 1803; must, out 1865, N, Lobran, Co. E, 2d Regt,; must, out Nov, 23, 1805, Joseph Lague, Co, E, 2d Eegt. ; must, in Nov, 25, 1863; must, out Dec, 19, 1S05, C, H, French, Co, B, 0th Regt,; must, iu Jan. 5, 1804; must, out July 17, 1865. Arthur Tibbey, Co. B, 1st Regt.; must, in May 2, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 9, 1801, R. M. Libbey, Co. B, 1st Regt.; must, in May 2, 1801 ; must, out .\ug. 9, 1801. D. Foss, Co. H, 9th Eegt.; must, in Aug, 13, 1862; must, out Oct, 30, 1863. W. F. Lovejoy, Co. A, 1st Regt, ; must, in April 19, 1861 ; must, out Juno 19, 1805. R. Smith, must, in September, 1803 ; must, out 1805. J. II. Farrington, Co. I, 16th Kegt; must, in,Oct, 14, 1862 ; must, out May 6, 1806, John Keegan, Co. JI, 14th Eegt. ; must, in Aug. 12, 1803 ; must, out June 26, 1866. S. H. Kimball, Y. K. C; must, in Dec. 29, 1803; must, out May 10, 1865. Alonzo H. Fobs, Co. I, 15th Eegt ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. H. B. Knox, Co B, 61h Regt. ; must, in Aug, 14, 1803, G, M. D, Keut, Co. F, 7lh Regt. ; must, iu Sept, 19, 1801 ; must, out July 20, 1805, Albert Gale, Co, A, 1st Kegt, ; must, iu April 29, ISOl ; lost in service, Louis King, Co. E, 2d Kegt,; must, in Nov. 2."i, 1803, William Kellcy, Co, K, 6th Regt, ; must, in Dec, 28, 1863. C, W. Gilman, Co. B, 1st Regt. ; must, in May 2, 1801 ; ujust, out ,\ug. 9, 1801, C, W. Gilmore, Co, H, 5th Regt, ; must, in Oct. 19, 1801. S. F. Jacobs, navy. George Whitefield. John F. Garland, Co. I, 3d Regt. ; must, iu Aug. 24, 1801 ; must out Aug. 23, 1864. C. Jnal, Co. A, 7lh Kegt.; must, in March 7, 1805; must, out Feb. 20, 1806. George Jenuess, navy. J. L. Grey, Co. A, 4th Regt.; must, in Sept. 18, 1801 ; must, out Sept, 27, 1804, Stephen B, Jenness, battery ; must, in Dec, 17, 1861. S. S, Jenncss, navy ; also Co, K, ISth Eogt,; must, in Slarch 21,1865; must, out May 0, 1S06. n.a/^ /Oi/^c^^ it EOCIIESTER. r41 Daniel Grnnt (:id), Co. A, 4tli Kegt.; must, in Scjit. 18, ISCl ; must, out Oct. 2, 1SG2. 0. II. Edgerly, navy. G. F. Guppy, 1st lieut., Co. F, 5tb Eogt; must, iu Aug. 14, 1803; must. out June 28, 1805. ,Tohu S. "Wai-reu, assistant surgeon. JoUn T. Giles, Cu. D, 6th llcgt. ; must, in Oct. 26, 1801 ; must, out May 2, 1803. Clmiies JcnnesB, Jr., Co. 1, 15th Eegt. ; must, in Oct. IJ, 1802; must, out June 15, 1805. V. F. Kuuriu. A. F. Greenllef, Co. H, 5tll Regt. ; must, in Aug. 14, 1SG3 ; must, out June 2, 1805. IlolK-rt Johnson, Co. F, IJtli Bcgt. ; must, iu Aug. 14, 1803. ?I. GtUegan, Co. K, 5th Regt.; must, in Sept. 2IJ, 1804; must, out June 28, 1805. J. M. Jeuness, Co. H, 0th Kegt. ; must, iu Aug. 13, 1802. J. II. I>avis, navy. SherwooJ W. Guodwin, Co. G, 8th Regt. ; must, in Dec. 23, 1801 ; must. oilt Marcli 8, 180;!. W. S. Jones, Co. G, 8th Regt.; must, in Dec. 23, 1801. David Austin, navy. A.N. Goodwin, Co. G, 8tli Regt. ; must, iu Dec. 23, 1801 ; must, out 1866. John Jenness, Co. F, 5th Regt. ; must, in Oct. 0, 1802 ; also navy. Andrew Sampson, navy. A. Gale, Co. G,Sth Regt.; m.ust. in Dec. 20,1801; must, out Jan. 18, 1805. Geoi ge W. Jones, Co. D, 5th Regt. ; must, in Oct. 23, 1801 ; discli. April 1,:., 1803. John A. Folsoin, navy. ■\VilliMi Gale, Co. G, 8th Regt. ; must, in Dec. 23, 1801 ; must, out Jan. 18,1805. F. Jenness, Co. I, 3d Regt. : must, in Aug. 24, 1801. Samuel Jones, navy; must, in Aug. 24, 1804. 0. r. Gowen, Co. 1, 15th Regt. ; must, in Oct . 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. A. W. n;iyes, capt., Co. D, 0th Regt. ; must, in Nov. 27, 1861. Enos R. Glidden, Co. D, 1st Regt. II. Art.; must, in Sept. 4, 1804; must. out Sept. 1, 1805. II. P. Home, Co. K, ISth Regt. ; must, in March 2.3,1805; must, out May 6, 1SC6. J. E. Hayes, navy. Henry Grant, Co. M, 1st Regt. H. Art. ; must, in Dec. 14, 1803 ; must, out June 9, 1805. C. W. Chase, 1st Col. Cavalry. P. Kay, navy. S. S. Gray, V. R. C. ; must, in Dec. 29, 1803 ; must, out Nov. 19, 1804. E. Howard, Co. H, 18th Regt. ; must, iu Jau. 27, 1805 ; must, out July 29, 1805. Charles F. Ham, Co. I, 20th Mass. ; mortally wounded near Petersburg; died June 17, 1804. Lewis McD. Hussey, capt., Co. B, 1st Regt.; must, iu May 2, 1801 ; must. o\it 1805. E. W. Ilow.ird, Co. I, 3d Regt. ; must, in Aug. 24, 1801 ; must, out July 20, 1805. D. M. Howard, Co. H, 18tli Regt.; must, in Jan. 27, 1805; must, out July 29, 1805. E. Flanagan. W. S. Iliissey, Co. I, 3d Regt, ; must, in Aug. 24, 1801 ; must, out March 15, 1803. AVilliam E. Hanson, must, in May 6, 1804; must, out July 28, 1804. E. F. Hall, Co. I, 3d Regt.; must. in Aug, 24, 1601; must, out 1S05. Cliarles W. Folsom, navy. George F. Hurd, Co. D, 1st Regt. Art.; must, in Sept. 4,1804; must, out Sept. 11, 1605. A. Taylor, navy. George W. Hurd, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 23, 1805. George N. Howard, 1st Cav. ; must, in March 30, 1864 ; must, out Jan. 15, 1805. T. P, Ricker, navy. Charles Hurd, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 23, 1805. L. F. Home, Co. 1, 15th Eegt. ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out July 20, 1805. J. D Stillinkump. F. Hayes, Co. A, 4th Regt. ; must, in Sept. 18, 1801; must, out April 23, 1805. Charles E, Hammitt, Co. 1, 15th Eegt. ; must, in Oct, 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. George W. Yarney, navy, Charles B. Ha[ison, Co. A, 4th Begt, ; must, in Sept, 18, 1801 ; must, out Aug, 23, 1865. Charles G, Hornay, Co, 1, 15th Regt, ; must, iu Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863. Calvin Rogers, Cav. ; must, in Oct. 28, 1801 ; must, out Oct. 24, 1804. John S. Holmes, Co. F, 5lh Regt. ; must, in April 20, 1862. R. A. Hoyt, Co. I, 15th Eegt.; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1863; also in navy, ■John Watson, navy. John Ilurd, Co. I, 15th Eegt. ; must, in Oct. 14, 1802 ; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. James F. Place, 4th Mass. Regt. ; mu.«t. in August, 1802. James B. Farrington, Wis. Regt.; assistant surgeon. 0. W. Ilussey, Co. G, 8th Regt. ; nmst. in Dec. 23, 1801 ; must, out Jan. 18,180.-). William Hayward, Co. I, lolh Regt, ; must, in Oct, 14, 1862; must, out Aug, 13, 1803. » B. W. Sargent, surgeon, Missouri regiment. Sylvester Ilam, Co. H, 0th Regt.; must, in Aug. 13, 1802; must, out April 29, 1804. Daniel Hussey, Co. I, 15th Regt.; must, in Oct. 14,1802; must, out Aug. 13, 1803. L. H. G. Wentworth, 5th N. T. H, Art,; must, in Aug, 5,1862; must, out 1805, M, V. B, Howard, Co, H, 0th Regt ; must, in Aug, 13, 1802 ; must, out Feb. 26, 1863. William H. Iledrick, Co, E, 14th Regt, ; must, in Aug. 14, 1863. James Cross, 2d Regt. ; died June 2i, 1805, Georgo P, Cross, Co. F, 1st Mass. II. Art, ; died Aug, 24, 1804, William H, Howard, Co, H, Olh Eegt,; must, in Aug. 13, 1802; must, out June 29, 1865. Albert Howard, Co. F, 10th Eegt,; must, in Jan. 5, 1804; must, out Dec. 19, 1806. 0. F. Wentworth, 1st Cav. ; must, in Dec. 27, 1801 ; must, out Dec. 27, 1804. S. 0. Howard, Co. H, 8th Eegt. ; must, iu Aug. 13, 1802 ; must, out June 10, 1865. Augustus Hayes, Co. H, 9th Regt,; must, in Aug. 2, 1804; must, out July 19, 180.5. George S. Wentworth, regular army, 1801-64. Clarence Howard, Co, H, 9th Regt, ; must, in Aug. 13, 1802 ; must, out 1805. C. A. Hodgdon, Co. H, 9th Regt.; must, in Aug. 21, 1862. 1. E. Riokei-, Co. F, 7th Eegt. ; must, iu Nov. 7, 1861. Levi Howard, Co. H, 9th Regt.; must, in Aug. 13, 1802; must, out July 18, 1805. James Morrison. John H. Howard, Co. H, 9th Regt.: must, in Aug. 13,1862; must, out June 10, 1805. Edward Horney, Co. H, 9th Regt.; must, in Aug, 13, 1802; must, out June 10, 1805, M, Hester, Co, H, 9th Eegt,; must, in Aug. 13, 1802. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. FRANKLIN McDUFFEE, son of John and Joanna (Hanson) McDuffee, was born at Dover, Aug. 27, 1832. Six months after he removed with his parents to Eochester, where he spent the remainder of his life. He entered Gilmantoii Academy at the early age of twelve, and graduated with honor at Dartmouth College in 1853. He read law six months with Hon. Daniel M. Christie, of Dover, and in May, 1854, accepted the position of cashier of the Eochester State Bank. In 1857 he went on a foot-trip to the White Mountains. Owing 742 HISTOllY OP STKAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. to the wrong directions of a guide he was lost in the forest a night and a day, almost perishing from cold and exhaustion. The first house reached was that of Dr. Bemis, then absent. Acting under strict orders to admit no one, the family in charge utterly refused to furnish him food or shelter, so that he was obliged to go six miles farther, to the Notch House, before ■getting relief This exposure weakened his constitu- tion, impaired his hearing, and was doubtless the re- mote cause of his death. By his physician's advice he took a voyage to Europe the next year. He ap- plied for passage home in the ill-fated "Austria," which was burned with all her passengers, but failing . to secure a satisfactory berth he escaped. He received much benefit from this trip, though his brother, John Randolph McDuffee, who went out with him in good health, immediately fell into a decline, and died soon after his return. Dec. 4, 1861, he married Fanny Hayes, of Eoch- ester. Their children are John, Edgar, and Willis. The former entered the class of 1883, in the Scientific Department of Dartmouth College, but was forced to leave on account of his health. The younger son is pursuing his studies in the Rochester high school. Mr. McDuifee was appointed treasurer of the Nor- way Plains Savings-Bank in 1866, and held the posi- tion through life. Two years later his father and he established a private banking institution under the name of "John McDuffee & Co., bankers." In 1874 this company merged into the Rochester National Bank, of which he became cashier, and held the office through life. He was initiated in Humane Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, Dec. 9, 1856. The next year be was chosen Secretary, and after filling other offices was Master of the lodge in 1863-64. In 1866 and 1867 he officiated as District Deputy of the Grand Lodge of New Hampshire. He served the town as selectman, and many years as superintending school committee; was a member of the State Legislature of 1862, and the Constitu- tional Convention of 1876. He joined the Congrega- tional Church in 1868, and four years after was chosen deacon, which office he continued to hold till his death. After a sickness of a few weeks he died at Rochester, Nov. 11, 1880, aged forty-eight years, two months, and fifteen d.ays. The character of Deacon McDuffee was one of rare excellence, blending many valuable traits. As a lad he was studious, thoughtful, kind, and mature beyond his years. He was well fitted for college at the age of sixteen, though he delayed entering till a year later. He was thorough and exact in his studies, and ranked high at graduation. One of his instructors writes, "I remember Mr. McDuff"ee well as a faith- ful and exemplary student, deserving and receiving the esteem of his instructors and associates. It was always a pleasure to me to see him in the class-room." Another says, " I recall him as a good scholar, ia- dustrious, faithful, and honest, but very modest and retiring." Highly esteemed by all his classmates, he had few intimates, but those few were deeply attached to him, and the ties fhen formed were never broken. He always loved his Alma Mater, and when, unsought by himself, his name was prominently mentioned in alumni circles as a candidate to fill a vacancy on the board of trustees, he remarked to a friend that he should regard such an appointment a greater honor than to be Governor of New Hampshire. He took a deep interest in national affairs, and had a clear understanding of political issues. He was no managing politician, but, simply firm to force of char- acter, he was a leader in his party. Men irrespective of party recognized his leadership in affairs of public interest. He did not win men by flattery, or by neu- trality on important que.stions. AH men knew him for a stanch Republican, an unflinching friend of temperance and good order. He had decision, en- ergy, and sturdy pluck, without malice or bitterness, so that even opponents respected his conscientious in- tegrity. He was not unfrequently able to carry a vote against a current already strongly set the other way, simply by his strong, honest, clear way of stat- ing the case. Men always listened when he rose to speak, knowing his words would bc/sincere and to the "point. He never attempted to speak when he had nothing to say. He studied no graces of oratory. He indulged in no flowers of rhetoric. He drove like a rifle-ball straight for the mark, and never failed to hit. Hence he was recognized as one of the best and most entertaining lecturers in Strafford County. He took a deep interest in education. He was zealous and untiring in eff'orts to elevate the schools in Rochester. To none more than to him the high school owes its present standing and success. From his well-known ability and interest in histori- cal research, he was elected a member of the New Hampshire Historical Society. In 1865 he began a series of historical sketches in the Rochester Courier, which are models of simplicity, conciseness, and accuracy. He intended to rewrite and enlarge these sketches into a complete history of the town, and with much labor had collected considerable material for this purpose. His premature death unfortunately left the work unfinished. His mind was essentially mathematical, with keen powers of analytic thought. Flowers of rhetoric could not cover false logic from his eye, which de- tected shams at a glance. His power of methodical analysis was well illustrated in his mountain adven- ture. When he found he was lost, he knew the at- tempt to go on in the night would only increase his perplexity, besides the danger from unseen precipices. Having no means of kindling a fire, he could only ward off' a fatal chill by continued exercise. He therefore chose a level spot of a few rods' length be- tween two large trees, and paced back and forth from one tree to the other all night. While thus walking ROCHESTER. 7^3 he went over in careful thought the whole day's jour- nej', studying step by step to find his error. In this way he came to a definite conclusion as to just where he had left the true path, and just what course to pursue in the morning. The theory proved true in every particular, and brought him out in safety. In 1876 he obtained a patent on a valuable "Im- provement in Combination and Chronometer Locks," which he sold to a loclc manufacturing company for five hundred dollars. This invention secures two principal advantages: first, that any accidental stop- ping of the clock-work will not prevent the opening of the lock ; and second, that it can be opened between the hours for which it may be set only by assembling toomany persons for a burglar's safety. His methodical turn of miudfittedhimespecially for business, in which he was a model of diligence, exactness, and integrity. No crookedness or obscurity ever darkened his finan- cial transactions. His partial loss of hearing, added to his retiring nature, withdrew him somewhat from social life, and his quiet, unobtrusive ways left others of far less merit to be more widely known than he. But his neighbors and townsmen highly appreciated his sterling worth, and his intimates prized his friend- ship as of one of the sincerest and most lovable of men. His firm and substantial character was beauti- fied and crowned with the graces of a Christian life. His religion, like every other part of his character, was genuine. No affected holiness or pious drivel marred its excellent simplicity. Shrinking and sen- sitive, his religion avoided all boastfnl display. It was, nevertheless, all-pervading, shining in and through his life, leaving a light behind to guide others to the heavenward path. He was long dis- trustful and doubting in regard to his own experi- ence. But when he once decided to identify himself with the Church of Christ, it was a transaction for- ever. His daily life exemplified the truths he be- lieved. He was pre-eminently meek under abuse. When a temporary cloud came upon the savings- bank, conscious of integrity, he was calm and quiet under vituperation. He would patiently answer questions and explain the bank affairs to every in- terested party ; but when, leaving inquiry, any began to rage and revile he would quietly turn to his books, as if not hearing a word. Quick in sympathy, he was nobly generous in every worthy cause. The poor were among his sincerest mourners. Unosten- tatious in his gifts, many a needy one was relieved, only suspecting whence the favor came. He was emphatically "a pillar in the church," a friend and helper of every pastor, an active supporter of every good work, a model church officer. His death was a severe loss, not only to family and church, but to town and State.. Few worthier or more valuable men ever claimed the Granite State for their home than Deacon Franklin McDuffee. " The memory of the just is blessed." JOHN McDUFFKE.i To men of their own energetic stock, who, refus- ing all political preferment, have given comprehen- sive abilities, sterling integrity, and sagacious in- dustry to the development of business, many New Hampshire towns owe an imperishsble debt. John McDuflfee's record is in the prosperity of Rochester. The name itself suggests that strong Scotch-Irish blood which endured the siege of Londonderry, in which were Mr. McDuffee's ancestors, John McDuflfee and his wife Martha, honored in tradition. John and Martha McDuffee had four sons, viz. : Mansfield, Archibald, John, and Daniel. Mansfield went to London, England; the other three came with their parents to America in the emigration which gave New Hampshire the powerful st&ck of Derry and London- derry. John, the father of these sons, settled in Rochester in 1729, on land on the east side of the Cocheeho River, adjoining Gonic Lower Falls, the farm of eighty-five acres remaining without break in the family, and now owned by the subject of this article. The Rochester settler was, as just stated, the father of Daniel McDuffee, and also of CoL John McDuffee, a gallant officer in the old French and Revolutionary wars, lieutenant-colonel in Col. Poor's regiment, who, never marrying, adopted' his brother Daniel's son John, and eventually made him his heir. John, the colonel's heir, was a farmer in good circumstances, married Abigail, daughter of Simon and Sarah (Ham) Torr, and was father of John McDuffee, the subject of this sketch, who was born on the farm once the colonel's, about a mile and a half from Rochester village, on the Dover road, Dec. 6, 180.3. Of course while working on the farm more or less he had for five or more years the advantage of a good school kept at the village by " Master" Henry H. Orne (D. C. 1812), of severe discipline and good scholarship, who supplemented the public school with a private one each autumn. Mr. Orne was a very successful teacher, and among the associates of John McDuffee in this school were Thomas C. Up- ham, Nathaniel G. Upham, John P. Hale, and Noah Tibbets. In 181S, at the age of fifteen, the boy en- tered Franklin Academy in Dover, the first day of its existence, Thomas E. Sawyer and Richard Kim- ball being among his associates, and Rev. Mr. Thayer being its principal. Here he fitted to enter college as sophomore, but returned home, and at the age of eighteen he went into the store of his uncle, John Greenfield, at Rochester. It was a large country store, where everything was sold. After two years' experience, being only twenty years of age, he began the same business for himself on the same square, was successful, and after two years took into partner- ship his uncle, Jonathan H. Torr. During this period he was commissioned postmaster of Rochester, 1 By Bev. Alonzo H. Quint, B.D. 744 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTS, NEW HAMPSHIRE. being not of age when appointed, and he held this office until removed on Jackson's accession to the Presidency. In the spring of the year 1831 he went to Dover, and began the same business on a broader scale, first in the Perkins Block, and in the autumn as the first tenant of the northern store in the new Watson Block, on the Landing, Ira Christie his next southern neighbor. This locality, now at an end for such pur- poses, was then the place of business and offices. Steady success continued to reward his energy and in- dustry, but in February, 1833, selling to Andrew Pierce, Jr., he returned to Rochestei- to settle the large estate of his wife's father, Joseph Hanson, who, dying in December previous, had made him executor. Mr. Hanson, whose daughter Joanna (by his marriage with Charity Dame), Mr. McDuffee had married, June 21, 1829, was one of the three old and wealthy merchants of Rochester, Nathaniel Upham and Jonas C. March being the other two. The settlement of this extended estate and business was completed and the accounts settled by Mr. McDuffee's energy in seven months ; and it caused his entire abandonment of trade, although he had been eminently successful. There was no bank in Rochester. Old traders had some connection with the Strafford Bank in Dover, and the Rockingham Bank in Portsmouth. They loaned money instead of getting discounts. Mr. Han- son's safe, where he kept all his securities, was a small brick building back of his store, with a sheet- iron door fastened by a padlock. He kept some de- posits, however, in Strafford Bank, and was a stock- holder in that and in the Rockingham Bank. The three principal traders used to go to Boston twice a year on horseback to buy goods. Mr. McDuffee saw that a bank was needed. He prepared the plans, secured feignature.s, obtained a charter from the Legislature in 1834, and the Rochester Bank was organized with ninety stockholders, and a capital of one hundred thous?nd dollars, later increased to one hundred and twenty thousand dollars, with one hundred and thirty stockholders. Of the original ninety, only two be- sides Mr. McDuffee now survive. On the organiza- tion he became cashier, his brother-in-law, Dr. James Farrington (member of the Twenty-fifth Congress), being president. The bank was the frontier bank, no other existing between Rochester and Canada, and it was the first bank which the counterfeits from Canada naturally but uselessly struck. It was a fa- vorite of the people, and was so managed that its dividends were eight or nine per cent. It is well known that the business was really left to the probity and skill of its cashier. Cashier for twenty years, on the then renewal of its charter, Mr. McDuffee resigned the cashiership in favor of his son Franklin, and be- came president. The bank did not become a national bank until 1874, and in the six years previous he and his son formed the house of " John McDuffee & Co., private bankers," took up the old bank's business, and successfully carried it on. In 1874 they merged it in a national bank, the one being president and the other cashier, as before, and the two taking two-fifths of its stock. It is an interesting fact that no bill has ever been issued by either Rochester Bank without the well-known signature of John McDuffee, either as president or cashier; and he still actively admin- isters the interests of the bank he originated in another form forty-eight years ago. In addition to this Rochester interest, Mr. McDuffee was one of the original grantees of the Driver National Bank, and for a short time was a director; but his interest became more in the Strafford Bank, at Dover, of -which' (new charter) he was the second heaviest stockholder, Daniel M. Christie being the first. He became a director in the Strafford National Bank in 1870, and still actively holds that position. The stock of this bank (par, one hundred dollars) has this year sold at one hundred and sixty dollars. The Norway Plains Savings-Bank, at Rochester, was chartered in 1851, and Mr. McDuffee became its treasurer, being succeeded by his son Franklin in 1867, and himself becoming pi'csident, an office in which he still remains. It is worth recalling that although this bank was ordered, in the panic, to pay out only five-sixths of any deposit, it subsequently petitioned for leave to j)ay, and did credit to every person affected, the remaining sixth. Mr. McDuffee early saw the advantages of manu- facturing to a community. By his own means and a liberal allowance of banking facilities he has greatly aided their development, the first such enterprise in Rochester, the Mechanics' Manufacturing Company, being decided to locate there by the new banking facilities. Mr. McDuffee was a director. It was a manufacture of blankets, and its successor is the Nor- way Plains Manufacturing Company. The original company Mr. McDuffee carried safely through the crisis of 1837. The mill property at Gonic Mr. McDuffee bought in 1845 to lease to N. V. White- house, that the business might not be given up. He held his purchase for about ten years. The effort was successful, and the property was eventually taken by a joint-stock company. Stephen Shorey, owning some facilities for manufacturing at Ea.st Rochester, came to Mr. McDuffee to see if the bank would ad- vance means to build. Mr. McDuffee at once pledged the means, and the mills were built. A stock com- pany afterwards purchased mills and machinery, and the thriving village of East Rochester owes its pros- perity to Mr. McDuffee's liberal policy. Thus have been developed the three principal water-powers of Rochester. Mr. McDuffee's personal interests in manufacturing were also in the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, in whose great business he was a director for four years. Capital, one million five hundred thousand dollars. In 1862 .he bought large interests in the Cocheco Manufacturing Company, and has there re- Xng'-Tiy J^nSa'-" /^^^^^^^y^^^..^>^^ KOCHESTER. 745 mained. Since 1874 ho has been a director of tliat corporation. As such he advocated the erection of the great mill, now No. 1, and the replacing of all the old buildings by new and magnificent mills, un- surpassed in the United States, — a work now rapidly progressing. The remarkable success of this com- pany certifies alike to the sagacious boldness and the considerate policy of its directors. The need of railroad facilities at Rochester was early apparent to Mr. McDuflfee. In 1846 he entered into two enterprises, — the Cocheco Road, from Dover to Alton Bay, and Conway Road, from Great Falls to Conway. Each was to and did pass tlirough Rochester. In each road Mr. McDuffee was the largest individual stockholder, and of each was the first treasurer. When the Conway Road reached Rochester Mr. McDuffee resigned its treasurership. The other road,- after various difficulties, became the Dover and Winnipe- saukee by the incorporation of the bondholders, and Mr. McDuffee continued to be a director. With "friend" W'illiam Hill he visited Boston more than thirty times to treat for the lease of this road to the Boston and Maine. The effort was finally successful, and the road, by itself weak, became a fine piece of property. Rochester was thus doubly accommodated ; but another avenue was needed, and Mr. McDuffee took part in the Portland and Rochester, which se- cured a route eastward, of which road he was a di- rector; and he invested liberally in the Rochester and Nashua, which opened a line to the West. The result has been that Rochester is a " billing-point," and its various manufacturing interests have felt its impetus. The beauty of " McDuffee Block" in Rochester, built by him in 1868, exhibits the owner's public spirit. It is an elegant brick building of four stories, containing six stores, twelve offices in the second story, a public hall in the third, and a Masonic hall, one of the finest in the State, in the fourth. In the use of the public hall the liberality of its owner to benevolent objects is well known. As a Mason he joined Humane Lodge on the very day he became " of lawful age.'' Of other real estate Mr. jMcDuffee has, besides various pieces in Rochester, including such as the Gonic farm, the New Durham "powder-mill" estate of nine hundred acres of land and eleven hundred acres of water, and in Barrington tw6 hundred acres on Isinglass River, held with a view to future manu- facturing needs. In religion, Mr. McDuffee was brought up under good old Parson Joseph Haven, and has remained a liberal supporter of the Congregational Society. In politics, he was an earnest Whig. His first vote was ibr the electors who chose John Quincy Adams Presi- dent, and his postmastership was ended by Andrew Jackson. He has always been a decided Rupublican. Mr. McDuffee's great amount of labor has been possible only by the vigorous constitution which ho inherited. The boy who before he left home " car- ried the forward swath" in the hay-field made the man who now accomplishes an amount of work which would surprise many younger men. Monday is al- ways given to the Strafford Bank at Dover; Tuesday he presides at the Rochester Bank meeting ; Wednes- day, at the Savings-Bank ; and no day is idle. Of Mr. McDuffee's happy domestic relations nothing need be said. Of his eight children, nam- ing them in the order of birth, (1) Joseph, who fol- lowed the sea, died (single) on the ocean, at the age of thirty-five. (2) Franklin, who graduated at Dart- mouth College in 1853, died, after a successful finan- cial career, Nov. 11, 1880, greatly lamented; ho mar- ried Mary Fannie, daughter of John Hayes, of Farmington, and left two sons, John Edgar (now in the Chandler Scientific Department of Dartmouth College) and AVillis. (3) John Randolph graduated at tlie Chandler Scientific Department in 1857( was a civil engineer in Rochester, and died single, aged twenty-five. (4) Anna M. is the wife of Frank S. Brown, of Hartford, Conn., of the firm of Brown, Thompson & Co. She has one son and two daugh- ters. (5) Mary Abbie is the wife of Charles K. Chase, a merchant in Rochester, and has two daugh- ters. (6) Sarah died single. (7) George, the only surviving son, is engaged in extensive grain, mill, and lumber business in Rochester. He married, first, Lizzie Hanson, who died, leaving a son ; afterwards he married, second, Nellie, daughter of Dr. JameS' Farrington, of Rochester, her father being nepliew of Dr. James Farrington, M.C. (8) Oliver, died in infancy. Judged by the success of his work as a banker, as developing by a liberal and wise help every worthy manufacturing enterprise, and as foremost in the building of the various railways centering in Roch- ester, it is clear that Mr. McDuffee nobly comes into the list of those spoken of in our first paragraph, whose record is in the prosperity of his native town, where ability, sagacity, integrity, and kindness have united to make that record, as well as his own per- sonal success. DOMINICUS HANSON. Dominicus Hanson, son of Joseph and Charity (Dame) Hanson, was born in the same house in Roch- ester, N. H., where he now (1882) resides, Aug. 23, 1813. His father was born in Dover, N. H., Dec. 18, 1764, and died at Rochester, N. H., Dec. It), 1832. He married Charity Dame, March 4, 1798. She was born at Rochester, Sept. 1, 1775, and died Feb. 3, 1833. They had ten children, — (1) Humphrey (deceased), a druggist. (2) Mary D. (deceased), wife of Dr. James Farring- ton, deceased), of Rocliester, a distinguished physician and member of Congress from New Hampshire. 746 HISTOKY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. (3) Hannah, died in infancy. (4) Joseph S., died at twenty-five; was a druggist. (5) Meribah (deceased), wife of Dr. Joseph H. Smith, now of Lowell, JIass. (6) Joanna (Mrs. John JIcDuflfee, of Rochester). See biography of John MoDuffee. (7) An infant not named. fSi Hester Ann (deceased), Mrs. Daniel M. Mooney. (9) Dominicus, the subject of pur sketch. (10) Asa P., a corn and flour dealer in Newton City, Iowa. Joseph Hanson came to Rochester from Dover when a young man, and immediately engaged in the general grocery and mercantile business, which he successfully followed till within a few years of his death. He was a man of excellent judgment, good common sense, shrewd, cautious, industrious, and eco- nomical. He built the first brick store ever erected in Strafford County, probably about 1810 or 1812. It' had a tin roof, and the doors and window-shutters ■were of tin also. At a very early day he made a brick vault for the safe deposit of his papers, etc. He inaugurated many useful schemes which have had a tendency for good, and his name is held in grateful remembrance by those who knew him. He was justly considered one of the best business men of his day, and his ample fortune left to his family fully attests this estimate of him. He was a Whig in politics, but was averse to holding any office, preferring to at- tend to his own private matters, hence his great suc- cess for one of those days. Mrs. Hanson was a member of the Methodist Church, and he was an attendant and supporter of the various churches, though not a member of any, rather leaning towards Universalism. Dominicus Hanson received the advantages of a common-school education until he was some fifteen years of age, and this was supplemented by an aca- demic education at Rochester Academy, Parsonsfield Seminary, Me., Hopkinton, X. H., and at Pembroke, y. H. In 1830 he commenced the drug business as an apprentice to his brother-in-law, Dr. Smith, and served him two years, when in 1S32 he bought Dr. Smith's interest, and has continued in the business ever since, except some two or three years when away at school. , As an evidence of the confidence reposed in Mr. Hanson as an honest and trustworthy gentleman, we may mention that, at the earnest solicitation of the business men of his native town, he issued scrip of the respective denominations— 10 cts., 25 cts., and 50 cts. — to the amount of S8000, which reads as follows : state of New Ilampsijire, Eocheslcr, S'pt. 27, 1S02. For value re- ceived, I promise to p:iy on demaiul, iu current Banli Bills, in sums of one dollar and upwards, at my place of business. DoMlxicfs Haxsok. This scrip was issued when there was a scarcity of circulating money during the great civil war, and be- fore the general government had issued any money. This scrip circulated throughout 'Sew England, and was never refused. All of which was promptly re- deemed when the general governnieuD made its issue. "Honest Dominicus, as he has been known by his friends for long years. "Who ever saw the goodly village of Rochester Plains but has seen his prim pressed-brick two-story apothecary store, with its cir- cular front, once the most stylish store in the whole State of New Hampshire ; its long-remembered and excellent brick sidewalk in front, dating back to time immemorial, before this prospective city knew the luxury of sidewalks ; its broad stone steps, always a delight to the innumerable patrons of this popular resort, who climb them with assurance of safe foot- hold and excellent reception beyond? If Xoali could by any means be compelled to refit and re- arrange the ark, and take in all that he considered necessary to stock a new world, he couldn't collect the six or eight million invaluable articles which are here gathered together from the four corners of tlie earth (or is coming the next day), unless he had the nearly miraculous experience of our subject, and to acquire such an experience would cost a frightful ex- penditure of both time and money. Mr. Hanson is now (1882) sixty-nine years of age, rather less than six feet in height, stands erect, possesses rather a commanding figure, moves quickly, like an active j young man of twenty-five. His hair, always inclined to brown, is silvered with age. He is of a markedly nervous organization, his thin-cut face bearing its I certain evidence. Kothing about the face or general appearance of our subject is strongly marked above many other men you may meet in the course of a day's ride in any portion of Yankee land ; by that sign you can judge the man. If ever wit and drol- lery overflowed in one person, here it is. I know of no two faces in the country that so nearly resemble each other as that of 'Honest Dominicus' and the happy countenance of .\merica's humorist, 'Mark Twain.' Tlie general impression left by the two faces is the same, the same mysterious gleam, sure token of the mental flash occurs in each, and the wit and humor of each is fully recognized among their friends. The parallel holds good still further, in neither case can the purpose or intent be solved. A matter of the lightest import may be treated with ponderous gravity befitting a funeral oration, and while either of the two are discoursing with length- ened faces upon the topic the'bystanders are convulsed with laughter. On the contrary, many things which bewilder the brains of common people are heartily laughed at by them. Either of these worthies are a puzzle to their many friends, and like all-human enigmas, of course they are idolized. But Mr. Hanson is a study. In him lie the gentle graces, geniality, cute Yankee sense, and the subtle and evanescent essence of fun. In him dwells a constant gleam of drollery always welcome as sunshine in winter or ^Z^-^'-y^ ^ Oi/Ty^ iiJi- ROCHESTER. riJ5 about one hundred persons added by baptism to the church. In connection with his labors with his own church, he was employed as a city missionary for nearly two years of the time of his residence there. In November, 1839, he was married to Miss Sylvia M. Hobbs, of Wells, Me., a very estimable lady, whose natural abilities, educational attainments, and whose rare gifts of exhortation, prayer, and song well fitted her to be an efficient helper to him in the gos- pel, she often visiting the sick nnd praying with them, and speaking words of comfort and encouragement to all, and her sallies of pleasantry and conversa- tional ability made her presence more than welcome in all social gatherings. By her prudent management in her household aflairs she greatly aided him in laying by some means to meet their future necessities. She died in Rochester, N. H., April 30, 1881, after a very painful sickness of more than seven years, which she very patiently endured. From the commencement of his first pastorate in Portsmouth, in 1838, to 1873 he was not without an engagement a single Sabbath. He labored as pastor with the following churches: Portsmouth, N. H., Wells, Me., Ashland, N. H., South Berwick, Me., Pittsfield, N. H., Lake village, N. H., Alton, N. H.,' Gilford, N. H., Farmington, N. H., Saco, Me., and Rochester, N. H. All these churches enjoyed some prosperity during his pastorate, and several of them were favored with precious revivals and many additions made to their numbers. He founded the Rochester Village Free- Will Bap- tist Church. He engaged a hall, and commenced holding meetings on the 2d day of April, 1871, and on the 31st of October following the church was or- ganized and he chosen its pastor, which relation existed some more than four years. The church increased in numbers and influence under his ministry. He is now (1882) pastor of a small church about three miles from Rochester village, and is expected to preach to therri every Sabbath. His genial, social disposition has won for him many friends wherever he has resided. He has served as one of the superin- tending school committee in most of the towns in which he has lived. He has preached not less than four thousand five hundred sermons, attended about five hundred fu- nerals, solemnized three hundred and fifty marriages, and baptized about three hundred persons. He owns a residence in the pleasant village of Rochester, N. H., where he now resides in the enjoy- ment of good health and the fair prospect of a verdant old age, highly esteemed as a citizen and respected by all classes in the community. CHARLES K. CHASE. Charles K. Chase, youngest son of Simon Chase, was born in Rochester, N. H., !May 17, 1830. Rev. John Chase, grandfather of Simon, was a settled min- ister at Spruce Creek, Kittery, Me., and had four sons, — Josiah, John, Thomas, and Bradstreet. Josiah set- tled at York, Me., Thomas and Bradstreet remained on the old homestead, and John married Harriet Dennett, of Kittery, and moved to Berwick, Me., which at that time was a wilderness. He had six sons and two daughters, namely : Sally, Betsey, Thomas, John, Josiah, Simon, Mark, and Abraham. Thomas and John remained at home, Josiah settled at Limington, Mark at Newfield, Me., and Simon at the age of thirteen was bound out to Reuben Tabor, a hatter, and remained with him four years. He then went to Portsmouth and worked with a Mr. Kelly as a journeyman hatter. He then went to Berwick Academy in the winter of 1805, and in the spring of 1806 went to Rochester, recommended to Joseph Hanson by Joshua Header, and entered Hanson's store as clerk, receiving ninety-six dollars the first year. He remained with him four years and then went to Milton, N. H., in 1810, and went into busi- ness for himself Simon Chase was born Sept. 30, 1786, and married Sarah Wingate, daughterof Enoch Wingate, of Milton, Oct. 28, 1813. He moved to Rochester in 1822, and went into business in company with Jonathan Torr. In 1825 he bought out Torr's interest in the business, and built a new brick store. The same year he bought the house on Central Square which was his home till his death, which occurred Jan. 31, 1877. His wife died June 14, 1870. Together with Charles Dennett and James Cole, he was instrumental in building the first Methodist Church in Rochester, of which he was an active member. He had ten children, — Betsey, E. Wingate, George W., John D., Mary Y., Harriet L., Charles K., Sarah F., Maria Josephine, and one who died in infancy. Charles at the age of seventeen left Warren Academy, at Woburn, Mass., and en- tered his father's store as clerk. At the end of four years he bought the store and business of his father. In April, 1855, he married Ellen M. Burleigh, youngest daughter of John and Phebe Burleigh, of Sandwich, N. H. He had five children, viz. : Charles S., Grace M. J., Nellie and Jessie, who died in in- fancy, and Harry W. Dec. 20, 1876, he married Abbie McD. Whitehouse, daughter of John McDuffee (banker), and had two children, Sarah McD. and Maud H. During the first year of the war he was elected as one of a committee to pay out the funds due the I'am- ilies of soldiers who had enlisted in the service of the United States. He took a decided and unflinchino- stand for temperance, rum-shops and rum-drinkino- having increased to an alarming extent as one of the results of the war. He was appointed one of a com- mittee of five by the town to prosecute all violations 756 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of the prohibitory law. The other members of the committee were Franklin McDuffee, cashier of Eochester bank ; J. Frank Place, editor of the Cour- ier ; Charles W. Brown, merchant; and Robert Mc- Ilroy, superintendent of the Norway Manufacturing Company. They were in a great measure successful in their work, as all the liquor saloons in town wf re closed, which credit was not due to the committee alone, but to the temperance part of the community, backed by the strong arm of the law and the sym- pathy of the court, especially Joshua G.Hall, county solicitor, and Judge Doe. They were threatened many times with violence. Chase's store was dam- aged one Saturday night by being fired into with a gun in the hands of some person employed to do it, shot going the length of the store, but it did not take fire, as it was supposed was their intention. A reward of two hundred dollars was offered by tlie selectmen of the town for the conviction of the person who did it, but without success. The friends of temperance made up the loss to Mr. Chase. At the call of the first State temperance convention Mr. Chase was present in sympathy with the movement, believing in the ballot-box as well as the law to suppress the evil. He voted with that party as long as it existed. In August, 1878, the old brick store built by his father was fired by an incendiary and destroyed with its contents. The loss to 3Ir. Chase was very heavy, but he was not discouraged. As soon as possible the ruins were cleared away. Oct. 1, 1878, the foundation was laid for a fine new block. The work was pushed rapidly, and the new store was completed and opened with a new stock of dry-goods April 29, 1879. CHARLES GREENFIELD. Charles Greenfield, .son of John and Phebe Green- field, was born in the town of Eochester, N. H., Feb. 18, 1826. His father, John Greenfield, was the eldest son of Simon Torr and Sarah Ham, and was born in 1781, in Rochester, on the old Torr farm. (See biog- raphy of John F. Torr, Eochester, N. H.) His name was changed by the Legislature to John Greenfield because he was in trade in Rochester, and soon after he began business his brother. Jonathan Torr, opened merchandising in the same place, and their goods would get badly mixed; hence to avoid this diffi- culty he had his name changed. John Greenfield was reared as a tanner, shoemaker, and farmer, and very early showed signs of great ibre- sight. Soon after he attained his majority, about 1812 to 1813, he commenced merchandising in Eochester, and for nearly or quite fifty years was one of the most successful business men in town. He was full of en- ergy, and possessing a sound judgment was always able to make good investments. He was somewhat ad- vanced in years before he married. He had four children, viz. : Charles, Sarah E. (wife of E. G. Wal- lace, of Eochester), EllaG. (Mrs. Daniel J. Parsons), and George, who married Mary F., daughter of John Parsley, of Strafford, and had five children. George died September, 1871. John Greenfield died at seventy-five years of age, Jan. 13, 1863, leaving his family an ample fortune and, what is much better, a good name. Some of his children are among the most highly-educated people of Rochester, and all are good, worthy citizens. Charles Greenfield received a common-school and academic education till he was fourteen, when he commenced farming, which has been his principal em- ployment since. Upon the death of his father in 1863 he received his proportion of his father's estate, and this has accumulated till now (1882) he is considered one of the wealthy men of the town. He possesses quick perception, clear judgment, and sound reason. He has seldom or ever made a financial mistake, and his word is as good as his bond. He owns several hundred acres in Eochester, and though a farmer nominally, yet he makes his money otherwise. In politics he is a Eepublican. He is a director of the Rochester National Bank, of which John McDuffee is now (1882) president, trustee in the Norway Plains Savings-Bank, and stockholder in various railroad and manufacturing interests. He married Areline B., daughter of Gershom and Sally P. Downs, of Rochester, July 5, 1846. She was born May 17, 1826, in Eoche.-ter. Their children are Millie A. (wife of Horace L. Wor- cester, a newsdealer in Eochester), John, at present high sheriff of the county and a farmer by occupation ; Ella S. (Mrs. Justin M. Leavitt, of Baxton, Me.; he is a mail-agent), Sarah E., Hattie A., and Frank, a newsdealer with his brother-in-law, Mr. Worcester, in Eochester. Mrs. Greenfield is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Greenfield is very reticent in all matters, modest, not given to show or ostentation, intelligent, and economical. He com- mands the esteem of all and the love of many. jonx r. TORR. John F. Torr, one of the wealthiest farmers in Eoch- ester, or Strafford Ojtianty, is a lineal descendant from one Vincent Torr, who came from England when a young man, and settled in the town of Dover, N. H., on the farm which has been in the name ever since, and is now (1882) owned by Simon J. Torr. Vincent had children, one of whom was Simon Torr, who married Sarah Ham, and had seven chil- dren, viz. : Betsey, Polly, Abigail, Sarah, John, Simon, and Jonathan H., all of whom were born on the old Torr homestead in Rochester, where John F. Torr, the immediate subject of our sketch, resides. Simon Torr settled in Rochester about 1775 on the same farm which has been in the family ever since, or more than one hundred years. A part of the old house then built is still standing, and tlie same old wooden clock which was put in place by this venerable sire about the time he settled there is still marking 'fc 4 rrF,u::'W S^'lnJ^h ^/^^^v^ ,yA.ee^ft-^'-^ .^^iis--- S'-ia'^by JLH Rirchi' '/^ ^/ ^;^,jAf ^^ 7,i.^,i<_ ROCHESTER. 757 accurately the time of day. The faces of four gener- ations have looked upon this old clock, and it bids fair to keep time for many generations more. Simon Torr was a man of great energy and force of character. He was a tanner and farmer by occu- pation, and was successful in all his business enter- prises. He died at about seventy-two years of age, his wife surviving him. Simon Torr, son of Simon Torr, was born Oct. 5, 1789, in Rochester, and died.Feb. 17, 1858. He mar- ried Betsey Davis, daughter of Thomas Davis, and had four children, viz. : Charles, deceased at sixteen ; Simon A., who died at nine ; John F., born April 8, 1829; and Sarah E., wife of Lewis E. Hanson. She died at twenty-six, leaving children. Simon Torr (2d) was a farmer and tanner by oc- cupation, a Whig in politics. Hi:^ wife died Nov. 6, 1854, having been born Sept. 11, 1794. John F. Torr, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, received very limited advantages for an edu- cation. As he is the only child of his parents who lived to survive them, he received the homestead in 1858, and has continued on it till now (1882). He is a man of most wonderful energy and force of character, having inherited many of the virtues of his ancestors. He is respected wherever known, and is justly con- sidered one of the most intelligent and substantial men of his native town. He married Mary C. Downs, March 17, 1868. She was born Jan. 14, 1840, in Farm- ington, N. H. Their children are Charles C, Simon A., and George A. He is a Republican in politics, and though he has been selectman of his town, he neither seeks nor desires official positions. CHARLES DENNETT. Charles Dennett was born in Barnstead, N. H., Sept. 28, 1788, and died March 4, 1867. He was a, cabinet-maker originally, and came to Rochester in 1812 to work at that business, which he continued until about forty-one or two years of age ; then became deputy sheriff, which office he filled for eighteen years. He was town clerk and county treasurer for some years, and was in the Legislature also. He did much in the way of surveying land and settling up estates, making wills, deeds, etc. He was very prominent in the temperance cause, and spared neither time nor money in his efforts in that direction. In short, he was unusually public- spirited, and was active in everything that might conduce to the public good. He was one of the prin- cipal movers in establishing the Methodist Church in town, and always did all in his power to aid it in every way. He was active as a Freemason and Odd- Fellow also. He had much mechanical ingenuity, and many years ago invented a lock, which was long used upon the bank, and defied repeated efl^orts of burglars. He also invented a corn-sheller, which did its work very successfully, shelling a bushel of corn in three min- utes, separating corn and cobs. He had so much versatility of talent that he usually succeeded in whatever he attempted, and was wholly a self-made man, his early advantages being very limited, but he was very observing, fond of reading, and interested in all modern progress and discoveries, and by the strictest honesty and most upright prob- ity of character won the esteem of all right-minded people, though, of course, he made enemies by his temperance zeal and straightforward course. JEREMIAH D. RICHARDSON. .Teremiah D. Richardson, son of Tliomas and Nancy (Odiorne) Richardson, was born in the town of Roch- ester, N. H., Sept. 19, 1809. The line of descent as far as known is as follows : Jeremiah D., Thomas, John, and William. The writer is unable to trace the line of descent further back. The ancestors were a hard-working. God-fearing people as a whole. Thomas had three children, viz. : Jeremiah D., Caro- line (deceased), and Mary Ann (deceased). He was a Democrat in politics. He was a brickmaker by trade, also a shoemaker and farmer. Naturally he was a fine man, and possessed good judgment and a noble spirit, but drink caused his downfall, and he died in 1834. His wife died Dec. 30, 1859, and both lie buried side by side in the Hayes burying-ground. Mrs. Thomas Richardson was a member of the Con- gregational Church, was a good and true wife and mother, and left the fragrance of a good name to her children. Jeremiah D. Richardson remained at home working, as most boys in those days did, on the farm summers and attending the district school winters till he was fourteen years of age. He worked on the farm and in the shop till he was twenty. At twenty-one he worked for one Moses Young six and a half months, at seven dollars and fifty cents per month. In 1832 he worked for Mr. Woodman, in Rochester, and the following winter in the harness business for Peter Folsom. Soon after he made a trip to Roxbury, Mass., and was gone six months, when he returned home to take care of his parents, which he did till their death. He has spent some fifteen years with the Wallace Brothers, of Rochester, N. H. He owns a farm of some eighty acres in Rochester, and in all his dealings with men he has not lost their confidence. He has met with more than average success, especially when we consider the disadvantages under which he has had to labor. Politically he was formerly a Dem- crat, but upon the organization of the Republican party he joined it. He has been twice married, — first, to Martha, daughter of John Place, by whom he has had two children, viz. : Caroline, who married Edward C. Hurd, a farmer in Rochester; George A., who died at fourteen. Mrs. Richardson died October, 758 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 1848, and he married for his second wife, March 11, 1849, Mary C, daughter of Moses and Elizabeth Hopkinson, of Buxton, Me. She was born April 9, 1822. Their children are M. Bardbury, born June 20, 1851 ; Charles T., born Nov. 22, 1853 ; Louis M., born April 18, 1860; and J. Sherman, born Aug. 2, 1865. Mr. and Mrs. Richardson are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he has held some offices. OSMAN B. ■\VAEREN. The subject of this sketch was born in Rochester, N. H., and son of Rev. James and Lydia (Perkins) Warren, and grandson of Daniel and Sally Warren. Daniel was born Dec. 12, 1768, and died in Roches- ter, Dec. 12, 1844, aged seventy-six years. Sally was born July 15, 1767, and died in Rochester, May 15, 1857, aged eighty-nine years and ten months. Their family consisted of Joseph, James, Mary, Hannah, and Emily. James, the father of Osman, was born in Lebanon, Me., March 13, 1802, and died in Rochester, Feb. 5, 1880, aged seventy-eight. Lydia, the mother, was born in Sanford, Me., Nov. 12, 1812, and died in Rochester, Dec. 18, 1875, aged sixty-three years. Their family consisted of Horatio H., Arethusa K., Melvin M., Sarah F., Osman B., and Wilbur F. (Mel- vin and Sarah died in infancy). Horatio H. was born in Paris, Me., May 9, 1837. Enlisted Aug. 5, 1862, in the Thirteenth Regiment, Company B, New Hampshire Volunteers, for three years ; was sergeant of his company two years. En- gaged in eleven battles, and severely wounded at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864. Wilbur F. was born in Rochester, Oct. 28, 1848. Enlisted in Company C, First New Hampshire Cav- alry, and served till July, 1865 ; was sergeant of his company at the time of his discharge, and was con- nected with Sheridan's command through all his term of service; was representative in the session of 1881-82. Osman B. was born Sept. 15, 1845, and of his his- tory prior to the war of the Rebellion we can say nothing more than of school-boys generally. Fired with the patriotism which characterized many of the citizens of his native town, he enlisted Aug. 1, 1862, at tlie age of seventeen, in Company H, Ninth Regi- ment New Hampshire Volunteers. Promoted to first sergeant on arriving at the seat of war; was engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, in Maryland, after which was in the battles of Freder- icksburg, Sulphur Springs, and Wheatland, Va. His company was then sent with the Ninth Corps, under Sherman, to assist Gen. Grant at Vicksburg. While there they had an engagement with Johnston's army at Big Black River and at Jackson, Miss. The Ninth Corps then returned to Virginia, and he was engaged in Grant's three days' fight at the Wilderness and Spottsylvania Court-House; at the latter place was captured by the rebels, May 12, 1864, and taken to Andersonville prison, Georgia, arriving May 29, and received the hospitable fare and treatment of Capt. Wertz (whose name is sufficient to tell more of the sufferings of the prisoners than whole pages of biog- raphy could do) for four and a half months. Sher- man's march to the sea caused the rebel.'t to break up this prison, and he was carried first to Charleston, S. C, and from there to Florence, N. C, and there kept until Feb. 29, 1865, when, with the other pris- oners, he was paroled, as the rebels had got nearly sur- rounded by the Union forces. After the capture of Mr. Warren, news came to his home that he was kilted in the engagement at the court-house, and our local paper had an obituary notice in its columns. On ar- riving at his home he presented such an emaciated appearance that many thought the notice had better stand in the paper as a fact, and not call it a mistake. The war having closed, and Mr. Warren having re- cruited his health, engaged in the service of the Messrs. Wallace, and continued in their employ until April, 1878, when he retired to take charge of the post-office, having been appointed to that position March 25th, by President Hayes, and again reap- pointed, April 18, 1882, by President Arthur. He was twice honored with a seat in the Legislature by the suffrage of his fellow-citizens, serving as repre- sentative in the sessions of 1875 and 1876, and was placed each year on the Committee of Military Affairs. He was commander of Sampson Post, No. 22, G. A. R., for three years. Mr. Warren was married, April 20, 1870, to Luella J., daughter of Ephraim H. and Jane Brown, of Nor- way, Me., and have children as follows : Frank S., Fannie C, and Alice, who died in infancy. Mr. War- ren is now (June, 1882) thirty-seven years old, and for one of his age has seen as many of the vicissitudes of life as naturally fall to a man in a lifetime. CHAPTER CXL DOVER.i The Settlement of Edward Hilton.— The Rev. William Hubbard, in his " History of New England," says, — ■ "Some merchants and other gentlemen in the west of England, belonging to the cities of Exeter, Bristol, Shrewsbury, and towns of Plymouth, Dorchester, etc., . . . having obtained patents for several parts of the country of New England, . . . made some attempts of beginning a plantation in some place about the Pascataqua River about the year 1623. . . . They sent over that year one Mr. David Thompson, with Mr. Edward Hilton and his brother, Mr. William 1 By Eev. Alonzo H. Quint, D.D. J. D. EICHARDSON. DOVER. 759 Hilton, -who had been iishmongers in London, with some others that came along with them, furnished ■with necessaries for carrying on a plantation there. Possibly some others might be sent after them in the years following, 1624 and 1625, some of whom first, .in probability, seized on a place called the Little Har- bour, on the west side of Pascataqua Eiver, towards or at the mouth thereof; the Hiltons in the mean while setting up their stages higher up the river to- wards the northwest, at or about a place since called Dover." The information thus given would seem to be deci- sive that the settlements in Dover and in the present town of Rye were in the same year and under similar auspices. The historian himself says that he availed himself, in writing his history, of the memory of the ancient settlers. He was a graduate of Harvard in 1642, and was settled as minister in Ipswich in 1658, while the original settler, Edward Hilton, was still living near Exeter, not a day's journey distant. His stand- ing was such that he was once temporary president of Harvard College. Some doubts have lately been cast, nevertheless, upon the date of the settlement of Dover. It is need- less to revive them, inasmuch as an original paper recently found in the Suffolk Court files is decisive. It is a petition of a nephew of Edward Hilton, and son of William Hilton, in 1660, for a confirmation of a sale of lands made in 1636 by Tahanto, sagamore of Penecooke, to William Hilton, Sr., and his son, this petitioner. In this petition he says, — "Whereas your petitioners father William Hilton came over into New England about the yeare Anno : Doni : 1621 & yo' petitioner came about one yeare and & an halfe after, and In a little tyme following settld ourselues vpon the River of Paschataq. with Mr Edw : Hilton, who were the first Inglish planters there." The William Hilton, Jr., making this application was a person of standing and character, and his inci- dental testimony is conclusive. The senior William Hilton came over to Plymouth in the "Fortune," Xov. 11, 1621. His wife and two children followed in the "Anne," July or August, 1623. This agrees with the "about a yeare & an halfe after" given above. The settlement of Dover is thus seen to be as declared by Hubbard. This colonization required courage, energy, and self-denial. It is true it was not an unknown coast. On the 10th of April, 1603, under the patronage of merchants of Bristol, Martin Pring left that port with two vessels, one of fifty tons, the other of twenty- six. In his explorations of our coast he entered the Pascataqua. He rowed up ten or twelve miles, the first European who ever saw the woods of Dover. " Very goodly groves and woods," his narrative says he found on the shores of our rivers, "and sundry sorts of beasts;" but he left it to its silence. On the 3d of March, 1614, Capt. John Smith sailed from London. On the 30th of April he reached Monhc- gan. There he built seven boats. In one of these boats, with eight men, he explored the coast and en- tered the Pascataqua. Probable it also seems that John Mason, while plantation governor in Newfound- land, also explored our shores, and thus personally learned of the advantages of the place which he chose for colonization. Nor is it unlikely that fishermen who touched at the Isles of Shoals had sometimes found a harbor in the safe inlet of the mainland. But in that spring of 1623, from Plymouth harbor to the Pascataqua, there is no substantial evidence of the residence of a single European; and from Pascat- aqua eastward there was nothing save temporary visiting places 'of fishermen till one reached the French settlement at Mount Desert. Inland were the savage tribes, beginning at the very harbor, and peopling the unknown forests. Along the coasts were often ships of other nations, or vessels whose easy allegiance made them no desirable visitors. The neighbors of the Pascataqua settlers for some years to come were to be the fishermen who might land upon the Isles of Shoals. Of Edward Hilton, who most of all men deserves to be considered as the father of New Hampshire, as he certainly was its first permanent settler, we have but one item on English soil. The very defective records of the Fishmongers' Guild, in London, show that he was admitted to that wealthy fraternity in 1621. Much research has thus far failed to find the place of his birth. It is not improbable that he was a remote descendant of the old baronial family of the name of Hilton, but no connection is known. He was certainly a man of some property at the time of his emigration, and his character during his whole life was that of a gentleman. Who were his associates and emigrants, beyond his brother and nephew, no record tells us. His associ- ates in England; not the emigrants but the projectors, were merchants of Plymouth and other towns of the west of England. Probably his few men, and cer- tainly the emigrants who followed a few years later, were of that hardy stock, particularly of Devonshire, which gave to the ocean such men as Gilbert, Drake, Hawkins, and Raleigh, and contributed so essentially to the glory of the reign of Elizabeth. So vague is the knowledge of the men, the vessel, the date of departure from England, and the anchor- age in tlie river. The emigrants have left us no records of these things. Plymouth had its Bradford and its AVinslow. Massachusetts Bay had its Win- throp. The records of their beginnings are minute. But Plymouth was the refuge of Pilgrims whose con- sciences enforced their separation from the Church of England. Massachusetts Bay was the refuge of Puritans whose consciences scrupled at some of the ceremonies, but not at the existence, of the national church. Each of these had the histories of peculiar 760 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ideas to write. The New Hampshire colonists, nei- ther Pilgrims nor Puritans, satisfied with both the existence and the ceremonies of the Established Church, came here as bold and hardy pioneers in commercial enterprise, whose number of beaver-skins bought of the Indians, or of fish cured for the Eng- lish market, had none of the romance to attract a historian. Only one other single item as to this set- tlement is found in history for half a dozen years. It is when Mr. Hilton, in 1628, paid one pound of the expenses incurred in breaking up the obnoxious settlement of Morton at Wollaston, the entire cost being twelve pounds and seven shillings, and Ply- mouth colony at Pascataqua, each paying two pounds ten shillings. " These settlements," says the histtirian, " went on but slowly for seven years, and in 1631 . . . there were but three houses in all that part of the country adjoining the Pascataqua River. There had been also some expense about salt-works." The spot of the first settlement is given by tradition, and the tradition seems probable. It was at the ex- treme southern point of Dover. The dwellers on the beautiful plateau, a summer resort, dwell upon its site. The view southward is across the broad, deep, and rapid Pascataqua, which flows from Great Bay ; westward it is over the Bellamy River and fertile meadow lands beyond ; eastward it is across the Xew- ichawannock, which now separates Maine from Xew Hampshire, and to the Eliot fields and Agamenticus. Later emigrants built their houses upwards on the commanding slopes whose banks are washed by the salt tides of the two rivers. But the beginnings were limited to the southern extremity of the Point. Here the settlers " set up their stages," and on the land ar- rayed their flakes. The great river at proper seasons was richly supplied with fish. Even in the boyhood of old men known to the writer in his boyhood there was no scarcity of this source of wealth. Edward Hilton and his associates in England de- sired some specific title or enlargement of title to lands. These titles were given by an organization usually known as the "Plymouth Council," which had received letters patent from the king, Nov. 3 I 1606, and whose lands purported to extend from the ' fortieth to the forty-eighth degree of north latitude, I and from sea to sea. From this body, which had made many grants along the coast, was made one to Ed- \ ward Hilton and associates, March 12, 1629-30,— that ' i«, March 12, 1630, in modern usage. This grant re- cites as follows : " >.-ow know yee tli.it the said President .and Councell by Virtne & Au- thorit.T of his Majto sai.l Litters Patteiits, and for and in consideracon that Edward Hilton 4 his Associates hath already at his and their owne proper costs and charges transported sundry servants to plant in S<-w England aforesaid at a place there called ly the natives Wecanacoh.mt otherwise Hilton's point lying som two leagues from the mouth of the Biver Pascataquack in Xew England aforesaid where they have already Built some houses, and planted Corne, And fur that he doth further in- tend by God's Divine Assistance, to transport thither more people and cattle, to the good increase and advanccm' A- fur the better settling and Btrengthing of their plantficon as also that Ihcy may be the better en- couraged to proceed in Boe pious a work which may Especially tend to the propagacon of Religion and to the Great increase of Trade to bis Majtie* Realmes and Dominions, and the advancement of pubtiquc plan- tacon, Have given granted EnfeolTed and Confirmed, and by this their p'sent writing doe fully clearly and absolutely give grant enfeoife and Confirme unto the said Edward Hilton his heires and assignes for ever, all that part of the Kiver Pascataquack called or known by the name of * Wecanacohunt or Hilton's Point with the south side of the said River, up to the ftall of the Eiver, and three miles into the Maine Land by all the breadth aforesaid. Togetlier with all the Shoares Creeks Bays Harbors and Coasts, alongst the sea within the limits and Bounds aforesaid with the woods and Islands next adjoyneing to the sjtid Lands, not being already granted by the said Councell unto any other person or persons together alsoe with all the Lands Rivers Mines minerals of what kinde or nature soever, woods Quarries, Marshes, AVaters, Lakes ftisbiugs, Huntings, Hawkings, ffowlings, Comoditics Emolum" and hereditaments whatsoever witliall and singular their and every of their App" in or within the limits or bounds aforesaid, or to the said Lands lying within the same limits or Bounds belonging or in any wise appertaining. - . . unto the said Edward Hilton his heires. Associates and .Vssignes forever to the onely proper use and behoofe of he said Eilward Hilton his heires Associates & Assignee for ever, j'ield- ingand paying unto our Soveraigne Lord the King one fflftli part of Gold and Silver Oarcs, and another ffifth part to the Councell aforesaid and their successota to be holden of the said Councell and their successor^ by the rent hereafter in these p'sents Reserved, yielding and paying there- for yearly for ever unto the said Councell their successors or Assignes for every hundred Acres of the said Land in use the sume of twelve pence of Lawfnll money of England into the hands of the Rent gatherer for the time being of the said Councell y^ successors or Assignes for all ser- vices whatsoever." The actual delivery of this land was by Thomas Lewis, by power of attorney, to Edward Hilton, on the premises, July 7, 1631, in presence of Thomas Wiggin, William Hilton, Samuel Sharpe, and James Downe. From this grant proceed all the land titles in Dover and several neighboring towns. There has lately been raised a question as to what was meant by " the south side of the said river," the river being the Pas- cataqua, and it has been assumed that the grant cov- ered a "three miles" on the southwesterly side of the river which divides Maine and Xew Hampshire, up to the present Salmon Falls. This assumption re- quires the belief that the laying out of the tract in Xewington and Stratham was a fraud, that the Massa- chusetts government was the instrument in commit- ing the fraud, that the owners were the beneficiaries of a known fraud, and that so upright a man as Edward Hilton stood by in silence and saw the fraud committed. The grant undoubtedly conflicted with the Pascataqua grant, but that is to be expected. Great conflicts were usual in the early grants. There is no question about that portion including present Dover. Anticipating what need not be referred to later, the locating of the territory of this grant in 1656 will show what it covered on the north side, known as the Quamscott: •' Wee whose names are hereunto subscribed according to an order of the Honored General Court in November 16.55, appointing vs to make a just division of the Pattent of Quamscott doe thus make o' returne: when we came to peruse the Pattent wee found it to e.xtend for the length of it from the lower part of the River of Pa«cattoqneck on the said side of the sayd River vnto the falls of the sayd River at Exeter & for breadth along the sayd River three miles— from the head lyne for the breadth of it which bead lyne wee runn upon a south east Jioynt of the conipaa which ended three quartcre of a mile beyond Aspe Brooke DOVER. ?61 towards Iliimiiton about fforty poles below the high wiiy, where wee marked a greate Oake on foure sides. 21y, from the sayd head lyne wee measured ftir the length upon the north East point of the Compas six miles & a luilfe the which E.\tendod to that jiart of the Bay iieere Wiiii- cuunet River, 3' ly. Wee also measured a second cross lyne for breadth beginning at Qnamscott house, E.\tending it three miles upon the South East point, where wee did marke aouerall pine Trees. The part of the Land belonging to the Pal tent about & below the great bay wee under- stood bee impassable (as to measuriug) by Reason of the Extreame thick swamps— but wee tooke the best information wee might, of diners & seuerall inhabitants of the great bay & of Strawberi-y Banck & their reports agreed, viz. that from the lower part of the bottomo of the Bay, neere to Captaine Champernooncs bouse to the Riuer neere the boyling Kock, or thereabouts, all the neck of Land within that line vnto the little bay, contayniug as neere as men of best Experience can informe is about fuwre mile square — being all within the Patent, And whereas fron the Easterly partof the great bay being a part of the Riuer wee should have measured three miles into the Laud wee find in that place by Credible information, the Land soe narrow to tbo Seaward that wee Ginnot allow more accoi'ding to tlie Intent of the Pattent as wee under- st.and it, then one mile & halfe to bee rnnu from each point of the bot- tome of the bay upon an Easterly line into the Land." In this southern tract also Dover had rights which were recognized : " As also the Land lying upon the bottome of the great bay, being or Extending: one mile & a halfe from euery part of the bottome of the bay Tpon an Easterly line into the woods in which Diuission all the land & marish gratited vnto Dover by the Generall Court shall bee & remaine to tbein forever: the Land from Kenneys Creeke to a certain cone neere themotith of the greatbay, called llogsty cone, with all tlie marish from that place round about the bay vp to Kitterells delight, with fowre hun- dred Acres of vpland as it is granted by the Court bounded layd out & possessed by the iuhabitants of Doner with ffifty Acres of vpland more about as neere the great Bay with ffifty Acres to bee layd out and dis- posed of by Capt. Richard Walderne to some of the inhabitants of Doner whome bee sees fltt." The doubt referred to as to the location of the lands on the " south side of the river" has doubtless arisen from ignorance of the fact that the Pascataqua River is not the river which flows from South Berwick down the eastern side of EoUinsford and Dover, but the river which flows from Great Bay by the southern end of Dover Point. Some maps make the mistake. The river from South Berwick (old Quamphegan) to the end of Dover Point is the Newichawannock. There is no record of any Dover history for the years between the date of the grant and the presence here of Thomas Wiggin, who first appears as witness to the delivery. Belknap says that two-thirds of the patent belonged to some merchants of Bristol, and one-third to some of Shrewsbury ; but there is nothing to verify this precise division, and there are records of sales which conflict with it. It is certain, how- ever, that Bristol men were concerned in the enter- prise, apparently taking the present Dover as mainly theirs, and it is probable that it was in their interest only that Capt. Thomas Wiggin came here in 1631. He remained here about a year, returning in 1632, in the expectation of procuring men and means to carry on this plantation. The original settlement of Dover was, so far as it had any religious auspices, by members of the Church of England. Edward Hilton was in tliat sympathy. It is significant that, notwithstanding his high char- acter, he now held public office, after Massachusetts took possession of the New Hampshire towns, except- ing in the one year of union. This is explained by a later statement of his son that the father and sons were adherents of the Established Church. Under Capt. Thomas Wigg^in,— But Capt. Wiggin was of Puritan sympathies. Edward Howes, writing from London to Governor John Winthrop, March 25, 1633, says,-;- " There are honest men about to buye out the Bris- toU mens plantation in Pascataqua, and doe propose to plant there 500 good people before Michelmas next — T. Wiggin is the chief agent therein." Capt. Wiggin was, of course, in sympathy with the Massachusetts government and policy. While he was still in England, after his visit to the Pascataqua, he is thus spoken of in a letter from Edward Howes to Governor Winthrop, June 22, 1633 : " Before I end, I must not forgett to put you in niinde of one that is cominge to you, whoe hath deserved exceedingly of your fallo'r & the plantation, many wayes ; he discovered (under God) our enemies plotts, & helpt to prevent them; he hath also disjHissest our enemies of their hope. Pascataqua, andintends to plant him selfeand many s-racinus men there tliis sonimer. Noe doubt but tins may be and wil lie by diverse in this shipp reported to you ; but out ol the moutli of diverse witnesses the truth is confirmed. I have, and you all have cause to blesse God that you have soe good a neighbour as Capt, Wiggen." The sale of the Dover plantation by the Bristol men in 1633, for two thousand one hundred and fifty pounds, is said to have been made to the Puritan Lords Say and Brook, George Willys, and William Whiting. It seems that other persons were concerned, inasmuch as more persons were later concerned in the transfer to Massachusetts. However, Capt. Wiggin was con- tinued in the agency, and on the 10th of October, 1633, landed at Salem, Mass., from the ship "James," with " about thirty" colonists for Dover, " some of whom were of good estates and of some account for religion." "They had been eight weeks between Gravesend and Salem," and they proceeded at once to the settlement on Hilton's Point, Capt. Wiggin writing from that place in November. It is impossible to give the names of many of these emigrants. Capt. Wiggin's grant of house lots on the high and beautiful lands a mile up from the Point, where they intended to "build a compact town," affords a very few names. John Dam, Thomas Layton appear. But chief in note appears Rev. William Leverich, " an able and worthy Puritan minister," to be minister of the settlement. He remained, how- ever, only until 1635, leaving for inadequacy of sup- port. He went from Dover to Boston, and was ad- mitted a. member of the First Church, Aug. 9, 1635, and soon after was of Duxbury, where a lot of land was laid out for him in 1637. He was admitted free- man in the Plymouth Colony, Jan. 2, 1637-38. He was of Sandwich in 1638, as appears by " Plymouth Colony Records," i. 88, and was minister there from near that time (certainly from 1639) until 1652. In 1651 he was studying the Indian language, with a view to labor among that class (" Plymouth Colony 762 HISTOKY OF STEAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Records," ix. 196). In 1653 he was in the service of the commissioners of the United Colonies, laboring , among the Indians ("Records," x. 34). In the au- , tumn of that year he was removing to Oyster Bay, L. I., and the vessel carrying his goods was seized by ' a captain commissioned by the Rhode Island authori- ties. In 1657 and 1658 he is found at work among the Indians. In 1658 he accompanied the firat set- ^ tiers to Huntington, L. I., of which he was one of the | patentees, and resided there until 1670, when he re- moved to Xewtown, L. I., where he died in 1G77. He had two sons, Caleb and Eleazer. The latter was married, but left no issue. Caleb had one oon and two daughters; the son left posterity. i The colonists built, in 1684 apparently, an humble •( meeting-house for the worship of God. Where it ' stood is not accurately known, although it can be approximated as not far from the Back Cove. The i establishment of public worship and a regular minis- | try in 1633 gives this old parish, whose two hundred and fiftieth anniversary is to be observed in the au- j tumn of 1883, the priority in the parishes of Xew Hampshire. During Capt. Wiggin's superintendency nothing appears but the granting of house lots, and that the object of the settlement had turned from mere fishing to trade with the Indians in furs and useless explor- ations for valuable minerals and metals. Darby Field ; was here, an Irish explorer, who was, in 1642, the first white man to visit the White ^Mountains. There was no power of government, unless voluntarily submitted to. Within a year after the added colonization Gov- ernor "Wiiithrop says, — "Capt. Wiggin wrote to the Governor that one of his people had stabbed another, and desired he might he tried in the [Massachusetts! bay if the partv died. The Governor answered that if Pascataquack lay within their limits (as it was supposed) they would try him." Nothing further appears as to this case, but it is significant of the feeling of Massachusetts, which was jealous of colonies on its northern border, and which, eight years after, succeeded in obtaining control of the Pascataqua. The name of Bloody Point came to be attached to part of Newington (long in Dover jurisdictiunj during Capt. Wiggin's control. The two patents, the Dover (or Swamscot) and the Pascataqua (or Ports- mouth) conflicted. A point of land in the now Xew- ington was convenient for each, and included in each. Capt. Wiggin, agent for the upper plantation, and Capt. Xeal, agent for the lower, disputed about its possession, and drew their swords. " But," says Hubbard, "both the litigant, had so much wit in their anjrer as to waive the battle, each accounting himself to have done very manfully in what was threatened, so as in respect, not of what did, but what might have fallen out, the place to this day retains the formidable name of Bloody Point." Under George Burdett. — In 1637, or perhaps in 1636, Rev. George Burdett came to Dover, successor of Rev. William Leverich. He had been a minister of the Church of England, employed at Yarmouth, England, as lecturer. Here he fell into difliculty from real or pretended scruples as to some of the ceremonies of the church ; had in April, 163-5, been, suspended by the high commission court, and pre- cipitately took passage for Xew England, leaving behind, in distressed circumstances, a wife and family. He landed at Salem, and became a mem- ber of the church there, and was admitted free- man Sept. 2, 1635. He soon, perhaps in 1636, came to Dover, where he was received as preacher. He was a man of marked abilities, and became, in 1637, the principal magistrate. A letter to him and Wiggin, in September or October, from Governor Winthrop, found Burdett in authority. Belknap, writing in Massachusetts' sympathies, says that he "thrust out" Capt. Wiggin, "who had been placed there by the Lords and others." But the " Lords and others" were a mere planting and trading corporation, and had no power of government. Mr. Burdett was made ruler by the agreement of the people, who were otherwise destitute of civil government. It was a democratic election in the necessities of the case. He was not, however, in favor with Massachusetts. He wrote to Archbishop Laud from Salem, Decem- ber, 1635, explaining his course, and attempting a reconciliation. This letter is extant in the Public Record Office, London. A second letter, written from Dover, in 1637, is not preserved, but it became known, as did all such documents, to the Jlasiachusetts gov- ernment, by means of the agents it emplo\'ed. Its drift was that it was not new church discipline aimed at in Massachusetts, but sovereignty. The amount of truth in this letter was particularly offen- sive to the Bay government, which as easily found the contents of the archbishop's reply in 1638, thank- ing Burdett for his zeal. A third letter from the latter, still preserved, was written from Dover, Xov. 29, 1038, in which he reiterates his declarations as to Massachusetts, speaks of the river Pascataqua as valuable for harbor, the desire of Massachusetts to obtain control of that harbor, the need of securing it for His Majesty's use, and the value of the planta- tion as a place for "loyal' settlers. He says also that government ought to be established on the river, there being only " combinations," and that for a year previous " ye helme" had been in his hands. Capt. Jolm Underliill and the Ministers.— It was in the autumn of 1638 that Capt. John Underbill came from Boston to Dover. He was a native of Warwickshire, England. A soldier by profession and seemingly a free lance, he had served with reputation in the Netherlands, in Ireland, and at Cadiz, and was still a young man when he was captain of a company of auxiliaries under the Count of Nassau. John Win- throp needed a soldier of experience, and he induced DOVER. 763 Underhill to join the Massaclmsetts emigration of 1630. His name stands tlie fifty-seventli in tlie list of membersof the Boston First Church, the church of the emigration. His first wife, Helena, a native of Hol- land, where he married her, became a member of that church Dec. 16, 163S. To the first General Court of Massachusetts, that of 1634, Underhill was a deputy from Boston. Governor Winthrop speaks of him occasionally as performing various services in the routine of affairs. When, in 1631, the mysterious Sir Christopher Gardiner had been arrested and taken into Plymouth, he was brought to Boston by Capt. Underliill ; and when Eoger Williams was to be arrested, that he might be returned to England, the warrant was sent to Under- hill. On the 2oth of October, 1631, "the Governor, with Capt. Underhill and others of the officers, went on foot to Sagus, and next day to Salem, where they were bountifully entertained by Capt. Endicott." On the 30th of August, 1632, " ten sagamores and many Indians" were said to be assembled at Brookline, and Capt. Underbill was sent out with "twenty mus- keteers" to investigate. In September of that year a camp was established at Boston "to exercise the soldiers against need might be ;" and the old captain one night " (to try how they would behave themselves) caused an alarm to be given upon the quarters, which discovered the weakness of our people, who, like men amazed, knew not how to behave themselves." In 1637 he was a member of the artillery company Avhich still exists. The duty of training the raw but courageous material of Massachusetts militia was varied in 1634 by a visit across the ocean, for which he had " leave to go see his friends in Holland." " I wrote you," wrote Governor John Winthrop, 12th December, 1634, to his son John, in London, " by Capt. Underhill, who went hence in Mr. Babb's ship." But he saw some service. The murder of John Oldham at Block Island by the Indians, in 1636, pro- voked punishment. On the 24th of August, ordered by the Governor and Council, an expedition set sail from Boston. It consisted of four companies of twenty men each, — Underhill being senior captain, — the whole being under command of "John Endecott, Esq., one of the assistants." They reached Block Island, landed with but two casualties from the enemy, killed and wounded a few Indians, and burnt the wigwams and some corn ; went thence to Pequot Harbor with similar results, and on the 14th of Sep- tember arrived home at Boston. On the 10th of April, 1637, Underhill was sent with twenty men, by his friend Governor Henry Vane, to ■ Saybrook, " to keep the fort, both in respect of the Indians, and especially of the Dutch." The Indian hostilities soon determined Massachusetts to send a much larger force, but it had not arrived when the work was done. The Connecticut towns placed ninety men and some Indian auxiliaries, under the command of Capt. John Mason, also a former soldier of the Netherlands. Underhill at once united with Mason, and on the morning of the 26th of May they attacked the Pequot fort at Mystic. The wliites were divided into two parties, Underhill leading on one side and Mason on the other, and stormed the fort. A hand- to-hand conflict ensued. The plate-armor and fire- arms of the whites gave them an immense advantage, but the vastly superior numbers of the Indians, who fought with desperation, was not to be despised. " We must burn them," said Mason ; and he hurled a blazing torch into their mats. Six hundred Indians were slain, and the power of the Pequots was broken. Of this affair Underhill afterwards published, in Eng- land, a narrative entitled, "News from New Eng-, land," containing an engraved plan of the fort and the assault. " Great and doleful," says Underhill, " was the bloody sight to the view of the young soldiers, to see so many souls lie gasping on the ground, so thick you could hardly pass along." " We had sufficient light from the Word of God for our proceedings." But the religious controversy styled " Antinomian" began to rend the young commonwealth. " One Mrs. Hiitchinson," writes AVinthrop in October, 1636, " a member of the church of Boston, a woman of a ready wit and bold spirit, brought over with her two dan- gerous errors : 1. That the person of the Holy Ghost dwells in a justified person. 2, That no sanctification can help to evidence to us our justification. From these two grew many branches. . . . There joined with her in these opinions a brother of hers, one Mr. Wheelwright, a silenced minister some time in Eng- land." The new doctrine rapidly gained adherents. The young Governor Vane, whom Forster calls "one of the greatest and purest men that ever walked the earth," favored complete liberty of opinion. John Cotton, teacher of the Boston Church, became en- tangled in the heresies. And that church itself was, " all save five or six," captured by Mrs. Hutchinson. The sentiment of Boston was, however, overpowered by that of the country towns. The General Court stood firm. Homogeneousness of faith seemed essen- tial in the early life of the colony. Religious liberty was no theory of the Bay emigrants. They came to the wilderness to enjoy their own freedom, but not to allow freedom to any who differed from them. Others had other parts of the wilderness open before them. Mr. Wheelwright was summoned before the court of March, 1637, on account of a sermon he had preached on a fast-day. That sermon is still preserved, and it is difficult to see wherein it was dangerous, but he was adjudged guilty of "sedition and contempt." A remonstrance or petition was offered to the court, signed by many members of the Boston Church, con- taining, says AVinthrop, "scandalous and seditious speeches," — thpugh none such appear in the paper,' — 1 Winthrop iinaccountably says this petition doclarGil tliat tlie court liail " contlemneil the ti-uth of Chiidt." No such lunguii{;c ivppcars in the document itself. 76i HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. for which the signers soon after felt the vengeance of the rulers. The election in May threw the tolerant Vane out of office, and Winthrop was again placed in the Governor's chair ; but Boston shared its spirit by immediately choosing Vane as one of its deputies. On a shallow pretext, Vane and his colleague were re- jected, " the court being grieved" at their election, finding " a means to send them home again," and the next day Boston re-elected them. But Vane, to whom and to Charles II. alike the now Duke of Cleveland traces his lineage, disappointed in his hopes of lib- erty, returned to England. The power was in the hands of the opponents of Mrs. Hutchinson, and it was boldly used. A synod of all the churches in New England was summoned. Closing on the 22d of September, it condemned eighty two "erroneous opinions'' and nine "un- wholesome expressions," scarce a sentence of which had anybody attested or believed. Convinced " that two so opposite parties could not contain in the same body without apparent hazard of ruin to the whole," the triumphant majority proceeded to act. Mr. Wheelwright and Mrs. Hutchinson were banished. Wheelwright being forced to leave the colony in the deep snows which periled his life in his journey to Pascataqua. Some were disfranchised and some deprived of public office. The signers of the peti- tion were remembered,- and fifty-eight of them, citi- zens of Boston, and seventeen of other towns, were disarmed, being ordered " to deliver in at Mr. Cane's house at Boston all such guns, pistols, swords, pow- der, shot, and match, as they shall be owners of or have in their custody," and they were forbidden to buy or borrow any more. Of those disarmed John Underbill's name has the honor of heading the list. On the 12th of October. 1637, there had been a day of thanksgiving kept for the victories against the Pequots, and "the captains and soldiers who had been in the late service were feasted." In the next month the sword he had gal- lantly won at Mystic he was forced to " deliver in at Mr. Cane's," because of speculations on the doctrine ' of justification by faith. Deprived of his sword, he was also deprived of his office and disfranchised. He endeavored to argue the case. He "insisted much j on the liberty which all States do allow to military officers for plainness of speech, etc., and that he him- self had sometimes spoken so freely to Count Nassau." But his remonstrance was useless. His good sword had done the State some service, but he had doubted the magistrates' doctrine of the Holy Ghost. Underbill made a short visit to Europe. Return- ing, he proposed to join Mr. Wheelwright's new set- tlement at Swamscot Falls. But first he asked the - court to give him the three hundred acres of land it I had once promised him, and at the same time he made I a kind of apology for " condemning the court." The court (that of September, 1638) does not appear to ' have given the promised land, but, on the contrary, i took occasion to question him " about some speeches he had used in the ship lately in his return out of England, viz., that he should say that we were zeal- ous here as the Scribes and Pharisees were, and as Paul was before his conversion," and that he came to his " assurance" " as he was taking a pipe of tobacco." The first charge he denied, but Winthrop says it was proved by the testimony of a "godly woman." The second he defended, '' showing that inasmuch as the Lord was pleased to convert Paul as he was persecut- ing, etc., so He might manifest Himself to him as he was taking the moderate use of the creature called tobacco." As to his "retraction" of obnoxious "re- monstrance,'' he admitted that he meant to retract the manner but not the matter of it. Another charge, that of immoral conduct, was not "clearly" proved. He was banished from the jurisdiction, and so in the autumn of 1638 he came to Dover. A hardy sol- dier of the Xetherland wars, fresh from the sturdy storming of the Pequot fort, and one who took "great pride in his bravery and apparel," he was gladly wel- comed by the small settlement. Nor was it in the minds of the people here anything to his discredit that he had fallen under the displeasure of the Bay Puritans. In the course of a few weeks, certainly by December, by the voice of the people he had super- seded Burdett, and was Governor of Dover, and chief magistrate of its court. Whittier, almost the poet of the Pascataqua, so tenderly he sings its legends, has written, with par- donable license, as follows : "A score of years had come and gone Since the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth stone, AVhen Captain Underhill, bearing scars From Indian ambnsh and Flemish wars, Left three-hilled Boston and wandered down East by north to Cocheclio town. ** He cheered his heart as he rode along With screed of Scripture and holy song, Orthoaght how he rode Avith his lancers free By the Luwer Khine and the Znyder Zee, Till his wood-path grew to a trodden road. And llilton Point in the distiince showed. " Goodly and stately and grave to see, Into the clearing's space rode he, With the sun on the hilt of his sword in sheath, Atxl his silver buckles and spurs beneath ; And the settlers w-elconied him, one and all. From swift Quamphegan to Gonic fall." Underbill had not been made Governor when the hostility of Massachusetts pursued him. The Bay imagined itself also to have another grievance in that Dover people had given aid to Mr. Wheelwright's settling at Exeter. Perhaps they bad fed Wheel- wright's wife and family in February as they sailed up the Pascataqua, and so on to Exeter. By order of the very court which banished Underbill (doubtless at a later session), theGovernor wrote to Mr. Burdett, then Governor, Mr. Wiggin, and others to this effect: " That whereas there had been good correspondence between us formerly, we could not but be sensible of DOVEK. 765 their entertaining and countenancing, etc., some that we had cast out, etc., and that our purpose was to sur- vey our utmost limits and make use of them." The government of the Bay kept a watchful eye on the colonies which adjoined it on the north. The Pascat- aqua had a harbor, whicli made it independent of Bos- ton as a seaport. Its founders were of a different spirit, as well as of different origin. The river was peopled mainly by the hardy West-of- England stock. The majority of the people favored, so far as any re- ligion, the ancestral Church of England. Here the disaffected or banished citizens of Massachusetts could find welcome. Such a free colony was a standing menace to Massachusetts. A claim by the Bay to a right over the Pascataqua had been hinted at before ; now for the first time there was openly avowed a con- struction of their patent which, though now acknowl- edged, and in the next century finally defeated, would have reached far beyond the whole of what is now Southeastern New Hampshire. To this letter Burdett returned what Winthrop calls a " scornful" answer. Such an answer would natur- ally and reasonably be given to such a threat. The Pascataqua was held under patents from the same au- thority as that of Massachusetts. Evidently it was this threat which caused Burdett to write to Arch- bishop Laud, Nov. 29, 1C38, communicating the tend- ency of Massachusetts to a practical independence, and its purpose to get control of Pascataqua River, a copy of which letter, of course, Massachusetts in due time received by means of the secret agents it em- ployed, even in the archbishop's trusted household, — a wonderful Providence they used to call such good fortune. Burdett's reply greatly irritated the Bay govern- ment, so much so that the Governor " was prepared to summon him to appear at our court to answer his contempt," on the ground that Burdett had once been a citizen of Massachusetts, and was still a member of the church in Salem. But policy prevailed. If Bur- dett "should suffer," Winthrop ingenuously records, " it might ingratiate him with the archbishop." He might as well have recorded that such a summons would have been useless unless backed by a military force, and the times were not ripe for that. It was therefore determined to " undermine him." In the mean time, soon after Underbill's departure from Boston, alleged proof was had of the criminal conductof which he had been suspected. The church in Boston summoned him to answer in person to this charge, and the Governor and Council sent him a safe-conduct. He refused to go unless his banish- ment should be first rescinded, and, if Winthrop is correct, alleged that the safe-conduct lacked authority. The General Court then sent him one for three months, but it was equally disregarded. To " undermine" Burdett, Winthrop wrote to Ed- ward Hilton, 13th Dec, 1638. He inclosed a copy of Burdett's " scornful" reply, " advising them to take heed how they put themselves in his power, etc., but rather to give us a proof of their respect towards us." The Governor " intimated withal how ill it would relish if they should advance Capt. Underbill, whom he had thrust out,'' and he gave information also of Underbill's alleged criminal conduct. But before this letter reached Dover Underbill had been chosen Governor, and Hanserd Knollys had organized the First Church in Dover, being the first church organ- ized on New Hampshire soil, and second in date to the Hampton Church, which was organized in Massa- chusetts. The new church wrote to the church in Boston in commendation of Underbill, styling him their right worshipful and honored Governor. That church, nevertheless, determined to proceed with the charges against him. The court of 13th of March, 1639, sent him another safe-conduct, "to come to answer the church of Boston between this and the General Courtof the 22d of the 3d month (May) next," which proved useless. Massachusetts was persistent. At the court just mentioned, the first in 1639, "It was ordered that letters should be written to Capt. Wiggin, Capt. Champernoone, Mr. Williams, Mr. Wannerton, Mr. Edward Hilton, Mr. Trelworthy, and their neighbors, and Mr. Bartholomew' to carry the same and have instructions." Winthrop says of these letters, "The General Court wrote to all the chief inhabitants of Pascataquack and sent them a copy of his (Underbill's) letters (wherein he professed himself to be an instrument ordained of God for our ruin), to know whether it were with their privity and consent that he sent us such a defiance, etc., and whether they would maintain him in such practices against us, etc.'' The substance of the replies, as given by Winthrop, was this : The Dover " plantation disclaimed to have any hand in his miscarriages, etc., and offered to call him to account, etc., whensoever we would send any to inform against him," — evidently a reply mildly declining any acknowledging Massachusetts authority. "The others at the river's mouth," says Winthrop, " disclaimed likewise, and shared their indignation against his insolences, and their readiness to join in any fair cause for our satisfaction ; only they desired us to have some compassion of him, and not to send any forces against him," which, being interpreted, prob- ably objected to any attempt of Massachusetts to carry out by force its threatened extension of bound- ary. "After this," says Winthrop, "Capt. Under- hill's courage was abated, for the chiefest in the river fell from him, and the rest little regarded him, so as he wrote letters of retraction to divers." Prior to this, however, Burdett's letter home had replies from the "archbishops and the lords commis- sioners for plantations." By the wonderful Providence 1 At the court of 6(h June, 1039, "Mr. Wills Bnrtliolomew w.is granted to have forty aliillingB for Iris journey to Paacatiiqne." 76d HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. which regularly disclosed to the Bay government letters opposing them, a copy of a letter of Burdett of the preceding autumn had been furnished by " one of Pascataquack having opportunity to go into Mr. Burdett's study." Winthrop's abstract of this letter is "that he did delay to go into England because he would fully inform himself of the state of the people in regard of allegiance, and that it was not [church] discipline that was now so much aimed at as sover- eignty, and that it was accounted perjury and treason to our General Court to speak of appeals to the king,'' — an abstract which does not correspond with Bur- dett's actual letter. By another remarkable Providence the answers of the " archbishops and lords commissioners for planta- tions," which were brought by " the first ships which came this year," — that is, in the spring of 1639, — lay in the bay above fourteen days, and although the Gover- nor and some of the Council "thought it not safe to meddle with them," yet the letters were opened with- out " any of their privity or consent." The Lords thanked Mr. Burdett for his zeal, and would take a time to redress the disorders of which he had informed them. When Burdett found that his letters had been opened he was indignant, but there proved to be no redress. It was an added but needless Providence that somebody at Dover also sent to Massachusetts a copy of the same letter. But in 1639; Burdett, detected in some loose actions, went across the river into Maine. There he was placed in authority, to which the coming of Thomas Gorges in 1640 put an end. On the 23d 12 mo., 1640,— that is; Feb. 23, 1641, — Gorges wrote to Governor Win- throp as follows : " Mr. Burdith [Burdett] is at Pemiquid, which lies on the borders of this Province. He is grown to that height of sinn that it is to [be] feared he is given over. His time he spends in drinkinge, dancinge, singinge scurrulous songs; for his companions he se- lects the wretchedest people of the country ; at the springe I hear he is for Ingland." In that spring he returned to England, joined the royal troops, was captured by the Parliament forces, was thrown into prison, and disappears from history. At a General Court in 1639 some of the people of Dover wrote to Massachusetts, proposing that Dover come under that jurisdiction. Who led in this move- ment no records show. It was, of course, the Puritan element, and Underhill's proceedings later in the year indicate a probability that he, the chief magis- trate, was concerned in it. Answer was returned that if the people would send " two or three" with full powers, it was likely the court would agree to their proposal. Governor Underbill then wrote, 12th Oc- tober, 1639, asking a safe-conduct for such as should be sent from Dover, but taking the opportunity to refer to his own affairs, and intimating that he was endeavoring to help forward the business. At the court of November, 1639, three commis- sioners appeared from Dover, whose names are not preserved. The court appointed three persons to treat with them. The appointment and result is recorded thus : " The Deputy Govenc [ ]. M' Enianuel Downing, & Cnpt. Eilward Gibons were appointed to treate witii the three comittees frum tli« towne of Dover upon Pascataqua, \v* whom they did agree, and cerljtied tlje same." A particular account of this transaction is given by Winthrop : " And now at this Court, came tliree with commission to agree upon certain articles annexed to their commission, whicli being read, the court appointed three to treat with them ; but their articles not being reasonable, they stand not upon them, but confessed that they had ab- solute commission to conclude by their discretion. Whereupon the treiily was brought to a couclnsiou to this effect: That they should bo as Ipswich and Salen), and hiive courts there, etc., as by the copy of the agreement remaining with the recorder doth appear. This w.-ts ratified under our public seal, and so delivered to them; only they desired a promise from tlie court, that, if the people did not assent to it, (which yet they had no fear of) they niiglit be at liberty, which was granted them." Hanserd Knollys was now pastor of the church ; he wrote, Jan. 21, 1640, a kindly letter. Born in Cawk- well, Lincolnshire, England, in 1598, of pious parents : educated at the university at Cambridge; after grad- uation was chosen master of the free school at Gains- borough ; ordained June 30, 1629 ; received from the bishop of Lincoln the li ving of Humberstonc ; was inde- fatigable in labor ; became scrupulous as to " the law- fulness of using tlie surplice, the cross in baptism, and the admission of persons of profane character to the Lord's Supper ;" and therefore resigned his living after holding it "two or three years;" preached two or three years longer in various churches by the bishop's good nature ; in or about 1636 he renounced his Episcopal ordination and joined the Puritans; was imprisoned, released, harassed, and left England. Knollys came to Boston in 1638. His child had died on the passage. He was very poor. Some money of his wife's had paid their passage, he having on embarking "just si.x brass farthings left.'' The Boston ministers represented to the magistrates that he was an Antinomian, and advised that he be not allowed to remain. At Boston, he says, " I was necessitated to work daily with my hoe for the space of almost three weeks.'' Two persons from Dover happened to be in Boston, and invited him to go to Dover. He did so, but by Rev. George Burdett, then ruler, was forbidden to preach. Burdett was speedily superseded in the government by Capt. John Underbill. Knollys began to preach, and in December, 1638, he organized the first church in Dover. From Dover, Knollys, incensed with his treatment by the Massachusetts government, early wrote to Eng- land, inveighing against that power. He compared it especially to the High Commission Court. Coming from a Puritan, this letter was calculated to be very harmful, and it excited great resentment in the Bay, where, of course, a copy was sent back by agents in England. DOVER. r67 The commissioners returned to Dover. Their agreement was not ratified by the people. Under- hill was afterwards charged witli being cliiefly in- strumental in its rejection, while "he had written to our Governor and laid it upon the people, especially upon some among them ; and for this they produced against him a letter from our Governor, written to one of their commissioners in answer to a letter of bis, wherein he had discovered the captain's proceed- ings in this matter." It does not appear that any further proceedings were bad in the Dover Court, or that any copy of Knollys' letter to England was forwarded. It was the rather in accordance with the steady policy of Massachusetts to cause the Governor and the minis- ter of Dover to answer in person before the Boston Church and the Bay magistrates. This course was in tacit harmony with the yet quiescent claim of juris- diction. The result was that both persons went to Boston. Each had a safe-conduct, dated Jan. 29, 1640. Eegarding Knollys, Winthrop says, date not given, but apparently in jMarch, " Upon a lecture day at Boston (most of the magistrates and elders in the Bay being there assembled), he [Knollys] made a very full and free confession of his offence, with much ag- gravation against himself, so as the Assembly were well satisfied. He wrote also a letter to the same effect to his said friends in England, which he left with the Governor to be' sent to there.'' A copy of this letter is preserved. It is difficult to account for the intensity of lan- guage in his letter to Winthrop and apparently in his public confession. Had he committed murder, he would have found it difficult to find stronger expres- sions of remorse. There may be two explanations. One is the exaggerated and morbid style of that day, the other is that Knollys, really a Puritan, came to see that Puritanism, true religion as he believed, had its only American bulwark in the power of Massachu- setts. His own surroundings impressed it upon him. Prelatic at the lower Pascataqua, prelatic across the Newichawannock, partly prelatic and partly indiffer- ent at his home, the Bay had his returning sympathies, and to help its enemies in England seemed a great sin. But certainly most of his original letter, even as reported to us, was but simple truth. Underbill also went to Boston and made his con- fessions of far different offenses. He did not have the success of the simple-hearted Knollys. Massa- chusetts had had experience of his double-dealing, and her astute ministers and magistrates could readily detect any want of sincerity. AVinthrop's description is peculiar: "Capt. UnderhiU also being struck with horror and romorse for his offences, both against the church and civil State, could have no rest till be had obtained a sale-conduct to come and give satisfaction; and ac- cordingly (1) 5 [6 March, 16i0], at a lecture at Boston (it being court time), he made a public confession both of his living in adultery with Faber's wife (upon suspicion whereof the church had before admonished him) and attempting the like with another woman, and also the injury lie had done to our Slate, etc., and acknowledged the justice of the court in their proceedings against him, etc. Yet all his confessions were mixed with such excuses and extenuations, as did not give satisfaction of the truth of his repentance, so as it seemed to be done rather out of jtolicy and to pacify the sting of his conscience than in sincerity. But, however, his offences being so foni and scandalous, the cliurch presently cast him out ; which censure he seemed to submit unto, and for the time he* taid in Boston (being four or five days) lie was very much dejected," etc. Underbill returned to Dover before the middle of March, but evidently in no pleasant frame of mind. Winthrop is our only authority again for his proceed- ings : " But being gone back, he soon recovered his spirits again, or at least gave not that proof of a broken heart as he gave hope of at Boston ; for (to ingra- tiate himself with the State of England and with some gentlemen at the river's mouth, who were very zealous that way, and had lately set up common prayer, etc.) he sent thirteen men armed to Exeter to fetch one Gabriel Fish, who was detained in the offi- cer's hand for speaking against the king,' the magis- trates of Exeter being then in the Bay to take advice what to do with him." Knollys remained in Boston until after the 23d of March. On that day he consulted with the Boston Church as to the proper treatment of excommuni- cated members. The people of Dover, of course, were informed of Underbill's confessions of criminality, and they pro- ceeded to action. Winthrop says of this action, com- pleted before the middle of April, 1640, — " AVhen the church and people of Dover desired him to forbear to come to the next court, till they had considered of his case, and he had promised so to do, yet, hearing that they were consulting to remove him from his government, he could not refrain, but came and took his place in the court. ... In the open court he committed one of his fellow-magistrates for rising up and saying he would not sit with an adul- terer, etc. . . . And though he had offered to lay down his place, yet, when he saw they went about it, he grew passionate and expostulated with them, and would not stay to receive his dismission, nor would he be seen to accept it when it was sent after him. Yet they proceeded, and chose one Eoberts to be president of the court, and soon after they returned back Fish to Exeter." In this action against Underbill three points ap- pear to have been made : first, his criminal conduct, acknowledged in Boston ; secondly, his arbitrary con- duct upon the bench ; and, thirdly, his double-dealing in a matter of union with Massachusetts, having, in his letters to Governor Winthrop, laid the blame of failure upon some citizens of Dover, while he himself was the 1 Of course there was some pretext in this matter. The favorers of the royal prerogative at the river's mouth would not take the part of one "speaking against the king," nor would the magistrates of Exeter lake the trouble to go to Boston for advice unless the offense concerned the policy of Massachusetts, 768 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. chief cause. It does not appear that he was deprived of his military command nor of a subordinate magis- tracy. He appears in both these capacities in the confusions of the spring of 1641, a year later. But his governorship was at an end. The " one Roberts" who succeeded Underbill as chief magistrate of Dover was Thomas RoberU, an- cestor of the extensive family of that name in New Hampshire and Maine. Tradition makes him a native of Wales, and a very early settler, even so far as to claim that he came with Edward Hilton, of which, however, there is no evidence. He lived on the east side of the Neck,' below Meeting-house Hill. Bishop's " New England Judged" says that Thomas Roberts, in 1662, had "lived in Dover thirty years, and a member of their church above twenty years." He w.is at the time of his election a member of the church, and was probably one of its original members. Bishop says also that in 1662 "his labour was at an end," and that the authorities " took away his card for not coming to their worship" in the time of the Quaker troubles. Underbill again went to Boston, going " by water." He was there on the 20th of April, " to tender (as he said) satisfactiim to the church." Some ofthe magis- trates regarded this as presumptuous, and would have had him imprisoned, on the ground that he had used his safe-conduct already. But the date of its limit had not yet expired, and it was deemed wise not to arrest him, " seeing it might be objected against us to our great prejudice when we should not have oppor- tunity to clear our innocency;" that is, in England. The church would not, however, admit him to public speech, and alter a week's visit he returned to Dover, passing the Sabbath at Salem on his way. While in Boston he addressed to the Governor a characteristic letter. On the 3d day of September, 1640, Underbill again appeared in Boston. This time it was to make full and humble confession. Wiuthrop is again our au- thority : " Capt. Underbill being brought, by the blessing of God in this church's censure of excommunication, to remorse for his foul sins, obtained, by means of the elders, and others of the church in Boston, a safe- conduct under the hand of the governor and one of the council to repair to the church. He came at the time of the court of assistants, and upon the lecture day, after sermon, the pastor called him forth and declared the occasion, and then gave him leave to speak ; and indeed it was a spectacle which caused many weejiing eyes. , . . He came in his worst clothes {being accu.■^tomed to take great pride in his bravery and neatness) without a band, in a foul linen cap iHi< hemes'™ I was devised l.y will, 27tli Sirptemljcr, 1673 (proved 30tli Jimi', lli74), to Ilia son-lulaw, Elchard Blch. It was purclinsed in 1706 by .Imlg.. .loliu Tiitlle, who devised it pStli December, 1717, proved litli .liily, 17,;u) to his son, Ebenezcr Tuttle, who sold it to Ciilit. ThoDl.-lB Mellet. pulled close to his eyes ; and standing apart upon a form, he did, with many deep sighs and abundance of tears, lay open his wicked course. ... In the end he earnestly and humbly besought the church to have compassion of him, and to deliver him out of the hands of Satan. So, accordingly, he was received into the church again; and after he came into the Court (for the general court began soon after) and made confession of his sin against them, etc., and desired pardon." Besides being restored to the church, he was re- leased from banishment, and he returned to Dover. In September, 1640, Rev. Hugh Peter was in Dover. A letter from him to Governor Winthrop bears date only " Salem, vlt. Sept." It says, " What my adven- ture was at Pascataway I suppose Mr. Larkham hath told yu, and if death prevent me not, I shall my selfe shortly. . . . What past betwixt Mr. Williams at Pascataway and myself I shall tell you." The only allusion to this visit yet found is an inci- dental one in Winthrop's journal, in the last of that year. A "great ship called the 'Charles,' of above 300 tons," with a wicked crew, was " at Pascatequack to take in 'clapboards, with another ship, wherein Mr. Peter, by occasion, preached one Lord's day," and the crew of the "Charles" "did use all the means they could to disturb the exercise by hooting and hellooing.'' Why the restless and scheming Hugh Peter was at Pascataqua, interviewing Mr. Larkham at Dover and Mr. Williams at the mouth ofthe river, and then re- porting to Governor Winthrop, has to be inferred. But inasmuch as Underbill was again scheming to secure the submission of the Pascataqua to the Mas- sachusetts government, the object of this visit of Peter is sufficiently evident. CHAPTER CXII. DOVER.— (Co«(,„„„rf.) THE COMBINATION. That the people of Dover had had a "combina- tion" for government in the time of Burdett has been shown by the letter of that person dated Nov. 29, 1038, wherein also it appears that he had held power for the preceding year in such a combina- tion. Whether this combination had di.--olved, or whether a new one might be considered more bind- ing, or the old one was not sufficiently formal, a new one was entered into on the 20th of October, 1640. This document is the oldest document of Dover history. " W/ienai, sundry mischeifes and inconveniences have befaln us, and more and greater may in regard of want of civill Government, his Gratious Ma"" haveing hitherto setled no order for us to our knowl- edge : DOVER. 769 " Wee whose names are underwritten being Inhab- itants upon the River Pascataquaok liave voluntarily agreed to combine ourselves into a body politique that wee may the more comfortably enjoy the benefit of his Ma"°^ Lawes together with all such Orders ivs shallbee concluded by a major part of the Freemen of our Society in case they bee not repugnant to the Lawes of England and administered in the behalfe of his Majesty. " And this wee have mutually promised and con- cluded to do and so to continue till his Excellent Ma"° shall give other Order concerning us. In Wit- ness whereof wee have hereto set our hands the two and twentieth day of October in the sixteenth yeare of the reign of our Sovereign Lord Charles by the grace of God King of Great Britain France and Ire- land Defender of the Faith &c. Annoq Dom. 1640. " John Toilet, Robert Nanney, William Jones, Phillip Swaddon, Richard Pinckhame, Bartholomew Hunt, William Bowden, John Wastill, John Heard, John Hall, Abel Camond, Henry Beck, Robert Huggins, Thom. Larkham, Richard Waldern, William Waldern, William Storer, William Furbur, Tho. Layton, Tho. Roberts, Bartholomew Smith, Samuel Haines, John Underbill, Peter Garland, John Dam, Steven Teddar, John Ugroufe, Thomas Canning, John Phillips, Tho : Dunstar, Fran : Champernoon, Hansed Knowles, Edward Colcord, Henry Lahorn, Edward Starr, James Nute, Anthony Emery, Richard Laham, William Pomfret, John Cross, George Webb, James Rawlins. " This is a true copy compared with y'' Original! by mee " Edw. Canfibld. [Indorsed.] " The Combination for Government by y° people at Pascataq 1640 Rec'd abt. 13th Febr. 82-3." This combination appears to have embraced all the important names in Dover. We miss those of Edward Hilton and Thomas Wiggin, but both those persons had removed outside the limits of the patent. On the roll is the name of Underbill, the commander of the military forces, although he was still continu- ing his machinations for union with Massachusetts ; Knollys and Larkham, the two clergymen, of u.niver- sity education, soon to be at the head of rival fac- tions; William Walderne and William Pomfrett, successively recorders ; Edward Colcord, an unpleas- antly active citizen, to whom Hubbard gives an apocryphal governorship ; Roberts, president of the court; Emery, a wealthy land-owner, ancestor of '49 judges; Starbuck, an elder in the Dover Church; Hall, whose beautiful farm on the Great Bay became the foundation of the great modern properties of his descendants, the March and Peirce families ; Rawlins, whose picturesque lands on the Piscataqua are still held by descendants of his name, and whose pos- terity numbers judges and senators ; Champernoone, in whose veins flowed the blood of the Plantagenets, and no less honored in being the kinsman of Gilbert and Raleigh ; Richard Walderne, many years a Speaker of the Massachusetts Assembly, and com- mander of the soldiers of New Hampshire iu years of Indian warfare. Of the whole at least fifteen are still represented on Dover soil by descendants of their own name. The importance of this list, however, makes each name deserving of particular notice. The word " Protest" in the notes below denotes that the same name is on the protest against annexation to Massa- chusetts in 1641, which will be given farther on. " Register" means the " New England Historical and Genealogical Register." " Taxed, 1648," refers to the oldest extant tax-list. Beck, Henry. Protest, 1641. Taxed, 1648 only. Is said to have come from Hertfordshire, in the ship "Angel Gabriel," wrecked at Pemaquid, Aug. 15, 1635, and to have married Ann Frost, of Pascataqua. He was ancestor of the late distinguished Theodoric Romeyn Beck, M.D., LL.D., medical professor and author, who died Nov. 19, 1855. Bowden, William. No further mention. Savage says only "Maine, 1642." Camond, Abel. No further mention. Savage gives not even the surname. Was there an Abel Camock? Canney, Thomas. Often Kenny. Protest, 1641. Sent over by Capt. John Mason about 1631. Taxed 1648 and onwards. Was living in 1677. Of his family are known only wife Jane, and children : 1. Thomas, born before 1645, whose widow was taxed in 1675. 2. Joseph, married Dec. 25, 1670, Mary Clements. 3. Daughter, married Henry Hobbs. 4. Mary, married Jeremy Tebbets. Doubtless there were others, as later families can- not be accounted for by these sons alone. Thomas J. Canney and others now represent this family in Dover. Champernowne, Francis, of the blood-royal of Eng- land. An exhaustive memoir by the late learned Charles W. Tuttle, of Boston, was partially printed in the Register, xxviii. Colcord, Edward. Protest, 1641. By deposition 1659, he was then forty-three years of age ; by one of 1673, fifty-six years of age. That his employment by Wheelwright to purchase lands was in 1629 is of course absurd. Hubbard says he came over in 1631 but absurdly says he was afterwards Governor of Dover; his dignity was that of one of three commis- sioners for cases under twenty shillings in value. 770 HISTORY OF STEAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIEE. He was of Hampton by 1645. Court records are full of his lawsuits, and he was repeatedly complained of for litigiousness. Some of the trouble was from the fact that he was a sturdy opponent of Massachusetts up to a certain date. William Hilton was once his surety. He died Feb. 10, 1681-82. He had wife Anne, and children : 1. Jonathan, who died Aug. 31, 1661, in his twenty- first year. 2. Mary, born Oct. 14, 1649 ; married, Dec. 25, 1670, Benjamin Fifield. 3. Edward, born Feb. 2, 1651-52; killed by Indians June 13, 1677. Farmer's notes to Belknap wrongly say it should be Abraham. His widow died Jan. 24, 1688-89. 4. Samuel. 5. Hannah, married, Dec. 28, 1665, Thomas Dear- born ; she died July 17, 1720. 6. Sarah, married, Dec. 30, 1668, John Hobbs. 7. Shua, born June 12, 1660. 8. Deborah, born May 21, 1664 ; married Tristram Coffin. 9. Abigail, born July 23, 1667. 10. Mehitable, married, Dec. 29, 1697 (his second wife), Nathaniel Stevens, of Dover. Crosse, John. Had Back River lot in 1642. No further mention in Dover. Savage makes him after- wards of Ipswich. Dam, John. Protest, 1641. Was apparently in the Wiggin emigration ; lived in Dover, and died there Jan. 27, 1689-90. AVill dated May 19, 1687, proved March 23, 1693-94; gave property to sons John and William, and daughter Judith Tibbets. Grants are on Dover records. He had wife Elizabeth, and children : 1. John, of Bloody Point, taxed 1662 and onward. He married (1) a daughter of Sergt. John Hall ; (2) Nov. 9, 1664, Elizabeth, daughter of William Fur- bur, and left issue. 2. Elizabeth, born May 1, 1649. 3. Mary, born Sept. 4, 1651. 4. William, born Oct. 14, 1653 ; married Martha, daughter of William Pomfret, and left issue. 5. Susanna, born Dec. 14, 1661. 6. Judith, born Nov. 15, 1666; married, July 6, 1684, Capt. Thomas Tebbets, and left issue. The name is now written Dame. Samuel H. Dame and others are descendants in Dover. The late Judge Dame, of Eochester, was a descendant, as was also Jonathan, many years a bank-cashier in this city. Descendants are also eminent Episcopal clergymen. Harriet F. Dame, a native of Barnstead, who received the thanks of the New Hampshire Legislature for her tender services to the sick and wounded in the field for four years, 1861-65, is of this family. Dunstar, Thomas. Protest, 1641, as "Durstin." No further mention here. Perhaps " Dustin," and later of Kittery. (See Savage.) Thomas Durston, of Haverhill, was appointed June 8, 1703, adminis- trator of estate of father Thomas, late, of Kittery. The husband of Mrs. Dustan famous in Indian wars was one of his descendants, and the Emerson family of Dover trace back to that origin. Emery, Anthony. Taxed 1648 ; his " house" taxed 1649 and 1650. Had plenty of grants in Dover. ; Conveyed his house, etc., at Dover Neck to William Pomfrett, Aug. 1, 1651, as '' of Coleharberte, in the Province of maine." His son James, in deposition, Feb. 5, 1704^5, then of Dedham, Mass., says his father lived "about three or four miles" from Waldron's, at Cochecho. Descendants noted in Maine, some as dis- tinguished jurists. Follett, John. Protest, 1641, and no further men- tion. William Follett was taxed 1649 and onward, and had various grants. He married (evidently second wife), July 20, 1671 or 1672, Elizabeth, widow of Wil- liam Drew. He had at least one son. Nicholas, mariner, representative to convention, 1689-90. In entries of inward vessels at Portsmouth, Sept. 17, 1692, " Nicholas Follet, com' of the Brigan- tine The Friends Endeavor, of Portsmouth," twenty- five tons, from Barbadoes. Had wife Hannah, who afterwards married Richard Nason, of York, Me. Nason, by will dated July 14, 1694, gave to wife all property of her former husband, Nicholas Follett, and legacies (besides to his own children) to Follett's children, viz., Sarah (Child), Mary (Witham), Nich- olas, and Sarah (Meader). Nicholas Follett's son, Nicholas, born Nov. 6, 1677, conveyed land July 1, 1710, to "cozen Nicholas Meder," calling himself heir of William Follett, and mentioning " cozen John Follett of Barbadoes." He married Sept. 12, 1700, Mary Hall, " both of Portsmouth," and left issue. Philip Follett was taxed at Oyster River, 1671-75. "Abraham Folet's man" taxed 1673. Descendants are still living in Dover and Durham. Furbur, William. Protest, 1641. Came in the " Angel Gabriel," wrecked at Pemaquid. Born in 1614 or 1615. Grants on Dover records. Was dead in 1699, intestate. He had wife Elizabeth, and chil- dren: 1. William, born in 1646, died Sept. 14, 1707. He married (second wife), Aug. 13, 1694, Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. John Heard, and widow of the second James Nute ; she died Nov. 9, 1705. 2. Jethro, of Dover. 3. Susanna, married May 5, 1664, John Bickford. 4. Elizabeth, married Nov. 9, 1664 (his second wife), the second John Dam. 5. Bridget, married Thomas Bickford. Descendants are plentiful, successful in business and public life. James T. Furber is now superin- tendent of the Boston and Maine Railroad. Rev. Daniel L. Furber, D.D., is a Congregational clergy- man in Newton, Mass. William L. Furber, an es- teemed citizen, represents the family in Dover. Garland, Peter. No further mention in Dover. DOVEK. 771 Perhaps the Peter of Boston, 1654. The next Gar- land in Dover was Jabez, who by wife Dorcas had six children. Thomas B. Garland, late alderman, etc., of Dover, is a descendant, whose son, a graduate of West Point, was an oflBcer in the army. The late Richard Garland, a learned citizen of Banistead, was of this family. Haines, Samuel. Protest, 1641. A. jM. Haines, Esq., of Galena, 111., a descendant, has full records. Hall, John. Protest, 1641. Was sergeant, and of Greenland. Full account in Historical Memoranda, No. 303, Dover Enquirer. He was an ancestor of the March and Peirce families, leaving but one son, Jo- seph, who left three daughters only. Hon. Joshua W. Peirce, Clement March, and Dr. Hall Jackson, a surgeon of the Revolution, were descendants. This John Hall was not the later John, Dover, 1650, deacon of the First Church, ancestor of Hon. Joshua G. Hall, M.C., of Dover, Col. Daniel Hall, naval oflBicer, etc. Heard, John. There were two of the name, who have been confounded. John Heard had a lot here in March, 1648-49, but is not taxed in 1648, 1649, or 1650. There are no lists thence till 1657, when a John Heard appears, and he continues. John Heard, apparently the one who signed Com- bination, was later of Kittery. Will dated March 3, 1675, " by reason of age, weak of body," proved Feb. 1, 1676-77 ; mentions wife Isabel ; gives portions to grandchildren Mary and Elizabeth (daughters of de- ceased son James) ; to three younger granddaughters (children of James also), then under eighteen, viz. : Katherine, Abigail, and Ann; and farm to grandson John, apparently son of the same James. He men- tions also daughter-in-law Susanna, mother of the aforesaid grandchildren. His son James was dead before 1676. Her name, given as Susanna in the above will, is given elsewhere (in public records) as Shuah. Before Nov. 5, 1677, she had married Richard Otis, of Dover. Descendants of James married in Dover, which has added to the confusion. The other John Heard, a shipmaster, had grant in 1652 of the land where Heard's Garrison afterwards stood. He died Jan. 17, 1688-89. His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Joseph (not Benjamin) Hull. She died Nov. 80, 1706. Mather speaks of her. The list of their children seems to be : 1. Benjamin, born Feb. 20, 1648^4 ; married Eliz- abeth, daughter of the first Thomas Roberts. He was dead in 1703. It is probable he was the Benja- min, " of Dover,'' who married Ruth (who?), of Sal- isbury, May 23, 1690, and had three children. 2. William, died before his father; married, but appears to have been childless. 3. Mary, born Jan. 26, 1649-50 ; married John Ham. 4. Abigail, born Aug. 2, 1651 ; married Jenkin Jones. 5. Elizabeth, born Sept. 16, 1658; married (1) James Nute, (2) William Furbur. 6. Hannah, born Nov. 22, 1655 ; not in father's will. 7. John, born Feb. 24, 1658-59 ; not in father's will. 8. Joseph, born Jan. 4, 1660-61 ; not in father's will. 9. Samuel, born August 4, 1663; married Expe- rience, daughter of Richard Otis, and left issue. 10. Tristram, born March 4, 1666-67. His will, dated April 18, 1734, was proved June 3d following, and he left issue. Farmer's notes to Belknap say erroneously he was the one killed in 1728 ; the one killed was his son Tristram. 11. Nathaniel, born Sept. 20, 1668, died April 3, 1700 ; his tombstone is standing in Dover. His widow Sarah married, April 26, 1703, William Foss. 12. Dorcas, living single in 1687. Of this latter family was the late Hon. Ezekiel Hurd, judge of the Court of Common Pleas, whose daughter became the wife of Harrison Haley, Esq., who remained on the homestead. Samuel F. Hurd, now superintendent of streets in Dover, John H. Hurd, successful shoe manufacturer, Clarence L. Hurd, and others of this family reside in Dover. The " Heard Garrison" stood in the open lot south of the Bangs house, and part of its premises. Huggins, Robert. Protest, 1641, as "Huckins," which is now the common form. Had Back River lot in 1642 ; not taxed 1648. Unless he was the " old Mr. Huckins" killed at Oyster River, July 24, 1696, we do not know who this last can be. He had an only son, James, taxed at Oyster River 1664, and onward, who had a garrison-house, which was captured in August, 1689, when he and most of his party were killed. His widow was recovered by Capt. Church at Androscog- gin Fort in September, 1690. The name of but one son is preserved, viz., Robert, who, with his wife, Welthen, June 6, 1698, gave deed as " eldest son and heir of James Huckins, y" only son and successor of Robert Huckins, deceased." Descendants are numer- ous. John I. Huckins, of Farmington, elected county commissioner in 1882, is of this family. Hunt, Bartholomew. Protest, 1641. No further mention in Dover. The Hunt genealogy gives ac- count of descendants in this eminent family. Jones, William. Protest, 1641. Savage calls him of Portsmouth, 1640. He was of Bloody Point, 1643. At court, Oct. 2, 1644, he was ordered to make public acknowledgment to Elder Starbuck and others " he hath revyled." No further mention, unless he is the one taxed November, 1659. But it is not likely that he jumped all the intermediate tax-lists. The one of 1659 was taxed in 1661 (1660 is lost) and no further. His tax is in the lowest group. See the various Wil- liams in Savage ; especially William who married Hannah, daughter of Governor Theophilus Eaton, and sister of Valentine Hill's wife. Hill died about 1660, having extensive interests at Oyster River. Jenkin Jones was taxed at Cochecho, 1666, and 772 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. onward. He married Abigail, daughter of John Heard. Robert Jones was taxed at Cochecho, 1657-62, and disappears. Stephen Jones was received inhabitant, March 19, 1665-66; married, June 28, 1663, Elizabeth Field. From him descend the Durham Jones family. His son, Capt. Stephen Jones, bravely and successfully defended his garrison-house, overlooking the Shank- hassick, in the great attack of 1694. Their descend- ant, William F. Jones, now lives on the beautiful lands of his ancestor, being the sixth generation of its ownership. Knollys, Rev. Hanserd, already mentioned. Laham, Richard, no further mention. The surname is not given by Savage. As we have only a copy made, 1682, we suspect an error for Lahorne. A Rich- ard Langhorne was of Rowley, 1649, died 1669. {See next name.) Lahorne, Henry, no further mention. Larkham, Rev. Thomas, already sufiicieutly men- tioned. Layton, Thomas. Protest, 1641. Was here about 1636, and died here Jan. 22, 1671-72. Will dated Sept. 20, 1671, in which he says he was " aged sixty-nine years or thereabouts." His widow, Joanna, married, July 16, 1673, Councilor Job Clements. She died Jan. 15, 1703-4, "full of dayes." Children mentioned in Layton's will, wfere : 1. Thomas, freeman May 15, J.672 ; married Eliz- abeth, daughter of Elder Hatevil Nutter, and left issue. 2. Mary, married the second Thomas Roberts. 3. Elizabeth, married Capt. Philip Cromwell. 4. Sarah, single in 1672. Did she marry the second Philip Chesley ? William Layton was received inhabitant Oct. 10, 1665 ; taxed at Cochecho, 1663 to 1668. Who was he ? The William of Kittery is said to have died in 1666. The Laightons of the Isles of Shoals are believed to be descendants of Thomas, of Dover. John H. Leighton and others are of Dover. Nanney, Robert. Protest, 1641. Taxed 1649, and appears no more in Dover. (See Savage.) Was of Boston afterwards ; married Catherine, daughter of Rev. John Wheelwright, baptized at Bilsby, England, Nov. 4, 1630. He calls Richard Hutchinson " uncle." Wheelwright's second wife was Mary Hutchinson, sister of William, who married Anne Marbury. They had a, brother Richard. Nute, James. Came to Portsmouth in 1631, in the Mason emigration ; doubtless of the Tiverton family, England. Taxed 1648 and onward. Land given by him in 1671 to his son is still in possession of de- scendants. His son James married Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. John and Elizabeth (Hull) Heard, of Dover. A grandson, Capt. Samuel Nute, was a soldier of the Revolution. Paul Nute, great-great- grandson of the emigrant, was a lieutenant in the Revolution, and lived on the old homestead which descended to his grandson, Capt. Thomas Nute. Alonzo Nute, a wealthy citizen of Farmington, is of this family. Ira W. Nute, a resident, Oliver Nute, farmer, Andrew Nute, Edward F. Nute, etc., are of Dover with other descendants of this prolific family. Phillips, John. Hatevil Nutter and Edward Star- buck were appointed administrators of his estate July 28, 1642 ; no relatives. Estate, £17 2d. , debts, £17 14s. 4r/. Pinkham, Richard. Protest, 1641. Tradition says from Isle of Wight. Grants are on record. Was living in 1671. Of his children but three are known, — 1. Richard, married Elizabeth, daughter of the sec- ond Thomas Layton, and left issue. 2. John, taxed in 1665 ; married Rose, daughter of Richard Otis, and had at least nine children. 3. Thomas, taxed at Dover Neck, 1667 and 1668, and then disappears. Many descendants exist. Lands on Dover Neck are still kept in the family. J. Burleigh Pinkham is manufacturing; Alonzo T. Pinkham, druggist; Daniel Pinkham, in his beautiful home on Dover Neck, and many others are descendants. Pomfrett, William. Protest, 1641. Was town clerk 1647 many years ; died in Dover, Aug. 7, 1680. Had many grants, being here in 1639, at least, when he bought of Thomas Johnson. He had a clerkly edu- cation, showing elegant penmanship, correct English, and some Latin. Often "Pomfret." He had evi- dently only two daughters wlio grew to maturity, — 1. Elizabeth, married Thomas Whitehouse, whose son, Pomfret Whitehouse, inherited. 2. Martha, married William Dam, whose son, Pom- frett Dam, inherited. Whitehouse and some Dam families in Dover in- herit the blood of this emigrant. Rawlins, James. The Rollins genealogy is ample. Descendants are in Dover. Hon. E. Ashton Rollins, of Philadelphia, and Senator Edward H. Rollins, Dover, and Charles W. Rollins are of this family ; so is also Judge Samuel W. Rollins, of Meredith. Roberts, Thomas. Protest, 1641. Succeeded Un- derbill in 1640 as president of the court, and was one of the few called "Mr." in the tax-lists. Bishop's New England Judged speaks well of him. His wife was Rebecca. The tradition that he came with the Hiltons should be abandoned. Will dated Sept. 27, 1673, proved June 30, 1684, mentions : 1. John, born (according to deposition) 1629; mar- ried Abigail, daughter of Elder Hatevil Nutter; marshal of the province, 1679. Died Jan. 21, 1694-95, leaving issue. 2. Thomas, born (dep.) 1636; married Mary, daugh- ter of the first Thomas Layton, and left issue, whose list is imperfect. 3. Hester, married John Martyn, " of New Jersie," in 1673. 4. Anna, married James Philbrick, of Hampton. DOVER. 773 5. Elizabeth, married Benjamin Heard, of Cochecho. 6. Sarah, married Richard Rich, who had the home- stead. He was ancestor of a numerous posterity. The late Hiram R. Roberts, of Rollinsford ; Col. Charles W. Roberts, of Maine; Rev. Oliver A. Roberts, of Salis- bury, Mass. ; Alonzo Roberts, of Dover Neck, are of this family. Smith, Bartholomew. Protest, 1641. Back River lot in 1642. No further mention. George Smith, recorder of Dover, 1646-47, taxed 1648 and 1649. The tradition that he was a relative of the famous Capt. John Smith lacks support. Equally so that he was father of Joseph, who was an- cestor of the Durham Smiths. Joseph Smith was of Oyster River; see a pamphlet genealogy of this family. A descendant writes me that there is no reason to suppose Joseph to be son of George ; and that an old paper says that his mother came over with three sons, having previously married a Munday. His descendants have been persons of great influence. Judge Ebenezer Smith, of Durham, who died in 1831, was a descendant. Starbuck, Edward. Protest, 1641. Born in 1604, is said to have come from Derbyshire. Was " elder" in the church. He was later a leading citizen of Nan- tucket, and left descendants. He died in Nantucket, Feb. 4, 1696-97, aged eighty-six. Had wife, Kathe- rine, and children . 1. Nathaniel, born 1636 ; married Mary, daughter of Tristram Coffin, and was of Nantucket. Both were " Friends." He died June 6, 1719 ; she died Sept. 13, 1717. 2. Dorcas married William Gayer ; daughter Dema- ris married Nathaniel CofiBn, and they were ancestors of Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin. 3. Sarah married (1) William Storey, of Dover ; (2) Joseph Austin ; (3) Humphrey Varney. When Wil- liam Storey's inventory was entered, his widow is men- tioned as having married Joseph Austin. Austin, in his will, speaks of " my brother Peter Coflin." After Sarah's marriage to Varney, Elder Starbuck confirms to "son-in-law Humphrey Varney," "husband of Sarah," land formerly given by him to " son-in-law Joseph Austin." Yet (Register, vii. 128) Varney's marriage, March 2, 1664 [-65], mentions her as Sarah Storer, omitting the intermediate Austin. 4. Abigail married Judge Peter Coffin, of Dover, whose garrison-house stood on the north side of Or- chard Street, Dover, about sixty feet back from the Central Street line ; this house was taken in the mas- sacre of 1689. Their son Tristram, born Jan. 18, 1665, also had a garrison-house in Dover at that date. Tristram's son Tristram (born about 1691) had daugh- ter Deborah, born Aug. 31, 1738, who died in Dover, July 29, 1837, when the property known as the "Coffin field" (nearly two hundred years in the family) came into the market. Washington Street (from Central) runs through it. 5. Jethro, killed at Nantucket by a cart running on him. Storer, William. Protest, 1641. Back River lot 8 in 1642, as " Storey." Taxed 1648 to '58 as " Storey ;" " widow Storie" taxed 1659. Grants are on record. Inventory entered Nov. 8, 1660, and Joseph Austin (who had married his widow) was appointed admin- istrator, June 27, 1661. Storer is believed (from tra- dition) to be the son of Augustine Storre, of Exeter Combination, for whom see Wentworth Genealogy. William married, perhaps his second wife, Sarah Starbuck, as ante. His children were : 1. Samuel, born Dec. 29, 1640 ; died early. 2. Sarah, born June 16, 1642 ; died early. 3. Hancock, born July 15, 1644. 4. Sarah, born Dec. 13, 1645. 5. Joseph, born Aug. 23, 1648. 6. Benjamin, twin with Joseph, died single. 7. Samuel, born about 1653. And Savage thinks that Benjamin, of Wells, may have been a son. See Savage for the sons, who went to Wells. Joseph Storer, of Wells, and Jeremiah Storer con- veyed to Samuel Cromwell, of Dover, April 5, 1710, land on Dover Neck, " the autient Possession of our father William Storer.'' Descendants are in Maine, and the late Rear- Admiral George W. Storer was one. Svvaddow, Philip. Protest, 1641, as "Swaddon." No further mention here. Savage says, " Philip, Watertown, servant of Robert Seely, 1630, set free next year on condition of paying £10 to his master ; of Kittery 1640." Why " of Kittery 1640," when he signed Dover Combination, 1640 ? Teddar, Stephen. Gibbon's letter from Newicha- wannook, July 13, 1633, speaks of Stephen Kidder as employed there, if we believe the printed copy. In 1642, May 2d, Anthony Emery had six acres of land, purchased of Stephen Godder, on Dover side of Ne- wichawannock. Between Teddar, Kidder, and God- der, we are in despair. Neither appears here after- wards. Underbill, Capt. John. Governor of Dover, 1638 -40, which high-sounding title doubtless meant little. Sufficient is said of him above. Upgroufe, John. Had Back River lot 10 in 1642, as " Newgrove ;" in list of marsh lots, 1648, he is called "Ugrove." No further mention, except referred to as of above date in conveyances, where he is called " Newgrove." Walderne, Richard. Protest, 1641. Of the Mas- sachusetts House. Of him see farther on. Walderne, William. Protest, 1641. Eldest brother of the major, as see Register, viii. 78 ; baptized in Alcester, Warwickshire, Oct. 18, 1601. Perhaps came to Dover in 1635 (when the major first came over), perhaps 1637. Was member oi Dover first church at its organization, December, I6a8. In 1641 one of the four magistrates appointed by Massachusetts, and re- corder of court 1641 till his death, being also (late) 77-1 HISTOKY OF STEAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. recorder of Maine. Drowned in river at Kennebunk, September,. 1646. Savage says lie was " one day" in General Court in 1642, as deputy from Dover, and was deputy in 1646. His business affairs were in confu- sion long after his death. He owned shares in the Swamscot patent, bought in 1645 of William Whit- ing. Of his family there is much obscurity. The following facts appear : William, born 1642 (as by deposition, was taxed in Dover, 1664, etc.). Barefoot's deposition, July 30, 1682, calls Maj. Rich- ard Walderne "uncle" to this William. William was gunsmith in Boston, 1672. Alexander, elsewhere called a " relation" of the major, was taxed with William (jointly) Cochecho, 1665, and taxed alone 1667. Alexander, by will, June 7, 1676 (inventory, June 14, 1676), then "sojourner" at Great Island (now Newcastle, N. H.), mentions brothers Isaac, William, George, Edward ("in Old England"), and Samuel (apparently in England), and sister Mary (perhaps in England?) ; also gives legacy to Joan Barker (if she be living), of Coventry, which is in the same county with Alcester, and twenty miles distant. William being a nephew of Maj. Richard, of course all these brothers and this sister were in the same re- lationship. "Whose children were they? All the brothers of Maj. Richard are known, by record : George, baptized 1603, married only as late as 1635, could not be father of these children, and, besides, his family is on record. Thomas died 1633, apparently s. p., and his death makes him out of the question. Foulke, baptized 1610, was too young for these children, as also was Robert, baptized 1612. The only possible parentage was William, the Dover recorder. Further, it is said that a bill in chancery, London, 1654, supposes that recorder William to be living "in New England, beyond the seas," "having issue Christopher and many other children." On the other hand, a petition of Richard Scam- mon, 1666, makes his wife Prudence to be only daugh- ter of recorder William. This seems incompatible with there being a daughter Mary (will of Alexander above), and makes query why Prudence was not meutioned in that will. There was also a John, taxed in Dover, 1672, having wife Dorothy; perhaps the John of Marblehead, 1673. If the inconsistencies as to Mary and Prudence were removed, the following would be a conjectural list for William Walderne's family, arranged accord- ing to probable order as by tax-lists and depositions : 1. Christopher, mentioned only in chancery paper, as above. 2. John (perhaps), born, as by deposition, in 1624 or 1625. 3. Edward, of Ipswich, 1648, who (as by Savage) early left for England. 4. Mary, apparently went to England. 5. Samuel, in England, 1676. 6. Isaac, of Portsmouth, York, Boston, 1676, a physician. 7. George, taxed in Dover, 1661. 8. William, born about 1642, as by deposition ; taxed in Dover, 1664. 9. Alexander, taxed in Dover, 1664 ; died 1676. 10. Prudence, married Richard Scammon. Wastell, John. Back River lot 22, in 1642. Does not appear further in Dover. See Savnge for John Wastell or Westall, of Connecticut. Webb, George. Back River lot 6 in 1642. Taxed 1648, and his " house and land" 1650. George Smith administered on his estate in 1661, and conveyed to Oliver Kent premises at Back River. The only other item is this : At court, Aug. 31, 1643, " George Webb presented for living idle like a swine." Of the forty-two signers of the Combination, de- scendants of fifteen now bear the name within the old limits of Dover, three others are represented through female lines, and descendants of seven others are known to exist in other places. Notwithstanding Underbill's signature to the Com- bination, he continued to scheme for union with Massachusetts. His efforts caused a remonstrance to be forwarded to that government, signed by twenty- five persons, twenty-three (probably twenty-four) of whom had signed the Combination. Of the nineteen other signers of the former paper several are known to have been opposed to the Massachusetts claim. The paper is as follows : " NOETHAM, 4, 1 month [1641] [DoTor, N. H.]. " Honoured Sir : *' Wee the Inhabitants of Northam make bould to trouble yon with theise few lynes cei-tifyinge yo^ that whereas wee suppose Capt: Under- bill hath informed you & the rest of you brethren of the Matcheshcth bay that we are all willinge volnntarely to submit onr selves to your gouernment upon fforraer Articb-s propounded, trntii it is we doe very well aprove of your Judicious wayes & sbal be very wiyful y' please God to enlarge us that we may be free from other ingagements & promises wch some of ns are obliged in to the owners or patentees from whom under under his Mats' Letter Patients we enioy our free liberty: wch causeth ue not for present to submit to any other government than that wch w ee have already entered into combination to observe according to the King's Maties iawes until! such time as the owners come over to us wch we suppose wil be about three months lience, and thence our prop- ositions considered as the Lord shall direct us wee will labor more to satisfy yo". But for the proceedinges of Capfayne Vnderhille seeicing to undermyne ns and contrary to his oalh & fidelity as we suppose in- trusted to him hath went from house to bouse A for his owne ende by flattery and threatening gotten some hands to a noteof tiieirwillingneiis to submitt themselves under your goverment & some of those are men of other combinations, others .strangers that have noe habitation, to bring his purposes to pass, wee doubt not but you are to well acquayinted with his stratagems in plotting his owne designee wch wee refer to your grave judgements— some of those that subscribed to his note, have this day utterly protested against their own act, for he hath raysed such a Sfutinee amongst us wch if we take not course for the stopinge thereof, it maye cause the effusion of blood by reason he hath by his disignes privately rent the combinations as much as in men lyeth, contiary to his act, that is that wee should continue in tlie same Goverment except an agreement or cause shewed to the contrary in open court agreed on by the Maior part.— Thus much we thought gimd to acquaynt your wor- ships withall beseeching your favourable construction hopinge you will weigh our cause in equity & conscience & not any way to enforce us to any act whereby we should breake promises or covenant with the pat- entees or amongst ourselves wch in soe doing we should sinoe greatly DOVEK. 775 we should sinne greathj. Wee comit you to the protection of " Thomas Larkland William Jones John Follett Robert Tho" Durstin Tho" Roberts Samuel Haines Bartholomew Smith John Dame Bartholomew X Hunt William Waldern John X Tuttle Henry Blck heartilye desiro your prayers for us & the Almighty at yo'' service to command. Thomas X Layton Edward Starbuck William Pomfrett William Furber William Storer John X Hall Phillip Swadden Richard Waldern Edward Golcorde Robert X Hnckins Richard Pinckam Thomas " Thomas Larkham, whose name is on the list of the Combination, as well as on that of the protest against the projects of Underhill for union with Massachu- setts, had speedily eclipsed Knollys in the estima- tion of the people, partly, doubtless, by his superior abilities, but partly because he was more in sympathy with the genius of the English Church, while Knol- lys had grown more rigid and more in sympathy with Massachusetts. It does not appear that Knollys ceased to be pastor of the church, although Winthrop says that "Knol- lys gave place to him." They appear to have been in service together, Larkham as " teacher," although without any formal installation. Larkham says, " I found a people in a church-way, & a pastor, and so joyned to them to partake of & submitt unto the ordi- nances of our Lord & Kinge amonge them, accord- inge to His will to be administered ; and . . . sone after received a call to office, viz. to be teacher to the church, and (though not suddainly) yet at length yielded to become so, . . . conceivinge that with- out offence I might pphesie [prophesy] & dispence by the key of charitie, though not by a key mineste- riall. ... So we went on together lovingly a while." It appears, however, that Larkham soon obtained control, and Knollys, apparently in January, 1641, was temporarily " enjoined silence" by the magis- trates. Larkham also wrote to the Massachusetts authori- ties a letter dated on " the Sabbath, being the 3d day of the eleventh month," — i.e., January 3d, — which fixes the year as 1641. In this letter he gives his version of the disturbances between himself and Knollys. If Larkham's statements are correct, it is evident that Knollys had not abandoned the jargon of the Antinomians. The difficulty between the two was, however, deeper than any quarrel between one or another section of Puritans. Historians have failed to see the inevitable inferences to be drawn from the accounts of these Dover troubles as given by Win- throp and Lechford, or from the character of the settlement. The original patrons of the Pascataqua settlements were Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Capt. John Mason. But these men were zealous members of the Church of England. The first settler of Dover was Edward Hilton. It is a significant fact that Edward Hilton, a gentleman, a man of ability and integrity, and pos- sessor of wealth, never, save in the act of union for an exigency, held the highest public office under the Mas- sachusetts government. The drift of his settlement was, of course, not Puri- tan, nor was it for religious liberty in the least degree. Thomas Wiggin brought in " about thirty" in 1633, including women and children doubtless, " some of whom were of some account for religion," a mild sub- stitute for saying that a portion of them were of Puri- tanic sympathies. But others followed, such as the influential Richard Walderne and Francis Champer- nowne, both of the Established Church, and others chose this river in preference to Massachusetts Bay, out of dislike to the rigidity of the latter. Burdett's success in displacing Capt. Wiggin, the agent of the Puritan Lords Say and Brooke, from the governorship, himself a correspondent of Archbishop Laud, is thus explained. The watchful jealousy of Massachusetts is also thus understood. It was not a mere desire for more territory ; but Massachusetts saw its near northern neighbors, Dover, a mixed settlement, but with a preponderance against Puritan strictness, the north of its river openly an Episcopal settlement, and the authorities across the Pascataqua strenuous church- men. Of this sentiment in Dover, Larkham took advan- tage. A comparison of Winthrop and Lechford shows the truth of this view of the controversy. " He [Larkham] received into the church," says Winthrop, " all that offered themselves, though men notoriously scandalous and ignorant, so they would promise amendment." The difference between the Puritan and the Anglican theory is here evident at a glance: the latter received to the church all who appeared to repent of their sins and believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, the former demanded the laying bare of an inward spiritual experience of the deepest character. Lechford says, "These two fell out about baptizing children, receiving of members, and burial of the dead." The "receiving of members" is that to which Winthrop alludes. The " baptizing of children," ' its significance, the phraseology employed in the adminis- tration, the restriction to children of church-members were subjects of the strongest antagonism between Puritan and prelatist. The " burial of the dead," whether the dead should be buried with the majestic liturgy of the church, or laid in the ground as the Puritans buried, without Scripture, psalm, or prayer. The inferences are indisputable that the ecclesiastical troubles in Dover, which meant civil as well as religious, were the result of those two theories of the church. The troubles soon came to an open issue. It could 1 Because of this expression, and because Knollys in England after- wards became a Baptist, a writer in Sprague's " Annals of the American Pulpit" has made all these truths turn upon the Baptist question. A more absurd theory was never imagined. 776 HISTOKY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. scarcely be later than March when the two factions appeared in arms. Mr. Knollys, with his adherents, excommunicated Larlfham "and some that held with him." Some of the magistrates sided with Larkham, assembled men with the purpose of arresting Under- bill, " another of their magistrates and their captain," and bringing him before the court on the charge of endeavoring to place Dover under Massachusetts gov- ernment. Underbill gathered some forces, and, " ex- pecting help from the Bay," marched towards Lark- ham's. Knollys, armed with a pistol, was in the front with a Bible upon a staff for an ensign, and "giving forth that their side were Scots and the other English." The significance of this last expression is decisive. It will be remembered that the canons for liturgical worship in 'Scotland were published in the earlier part of the year 1637 ; that on the 23d of July the new liturgy, pressed upon Scotland by the English bishops, was read for the first time in Edinburgh, was resisted by riots on it, and utterly failed of ac- ceptance; that public affairs remained disturbed, Scot- land arming, until they eventuated in open hostilities. In the beginning of the year 1639 the English forces moved forward, and soon occupied Berwick. A tem- porary pacification was announced June 17, 1639. The conflict was renewed in 1640, and that little war, known as "the bishops' war," ended with the action at Newbern-on-Tyne, Aug. 28, 1640, which Clarendon calls "that infamous, irreparable rout at Newbern." With this defeat of the English the attempt to estab- lish in Scotland the canons and liturgy of the English Church utterly failed. The steps of this conflict were known in America. In December, 1640, "they brought us," says Win- throp, "news of the Scots entering into England, and the calling of a Parliament, and the hope of a thor- ough reformation." The disturbances in Dover were but a few weeks after, and the significance of the names Scot and English, as used by Knollys, becomes apparent. The conflict which was to convulse Eng- land had its outer wave in a little obscure settlement in a clearing on the Pascataqua. The result was in accordance with this fact. Lark- ham, when Underbill put his men under arms, at once sent to (now) Portsmouth for aid. Francis Wil- liams, then Governor there, was a churchman. He came up with armed men. Gentlemen from the Gorges plantation, of the same character, came over. They kept a guard night and day around Knolly.s' house, where Underbill also was ; called a court, in which Mr. Williams sat as judge; tried Underbill and his companions in arms for riot by forced indict- ment and jury trial, and on conviction sentenced nine of them to be whipped ("but that was spared"), fined Knollys and Underbill £100 each, and ordered them to leave the plantation. Underbill and Knollys, suffering for their zeal in behalf of Massachusetts, at once sent to that govern- ment a petition for aid. The Governor and Council sent Mr. Bradstreet (one of the magistrates), Rev. Hugh Peter, of Salem, and Rev. Timothy Dalton, of Hampton, to go to Dover, " to endeavor to reconcile them, and if they could not effect that, then to in- quire how things stood, and to certify to us." Of this commission the indefatigable Hugh Peter, destined afterwards to lose his head for treason, was the moving spirit. Says Lechford, — " Master Peter went from Salem on foot to New Dover, alias Pascataqua, alias Northam, to appease the difference between Master Larkham and Master K. when they had been up in Araies this last winter time. He went by the sending of the Governor, Counsel], and Assistants of the Bay, and of the Church of Salem." The politic result of this mediation was that Lark- ham was relieved of the church censures, and the Knollys party of their fines and banishment. The ostensible object of Peter's visit was to recon- cile differences. The real object is apparent from a letter of Peter which, although without date, seems clearly to belong to this period, especially as its in- ternal evidence was that it was written while Win- throp was not in office as Governor, and therefore before May. The letter is as follows : '' To my honored brother John Winthro^, Be, Esq., these present, in Boston: *' HoNouED Sib, — These are to accompany Blr. KnoUis, What aduiee I gave at my being there Mr. Wilson can informe yon, whose letter I would desire yon to reade, I being to give an acconnt to them that sent mee. Now my earnest reqnest is that this bearer & 3 or 4 more of hia frends may have the liberty of sitting downe in onr jurisdiction, hee may [bej vsefnll without doubt, hee is well gifted, you may doe well to heare him at Boston. '' They there are ripe for our Gouernment as will appeare by the note I have sent you. They grone for Gouernment and Gospell all oner that side on the Country. I conceive that 2 or 3 fit men sent oner may doe much good at this coufluxe of things. These will relate how all stands in these parts. Alas, poore bleeding soules ! "I have desired Blr. Emjecot to write to your gouernour. I thinke thisworke falls naturally vnder the care of the Counsell. If Mr.Larkam say aud hold, hee hath promised mee to close with vs, but male audio. What are men ? "H. Peter." The exact dates of the riots and of Peter's visit can hardly be settled. Larkham's letter of January (the probable date), 1641, implies that the riotous proceed- ings had not then taken place, while Winthrop's entries clearly show that they were earlier than May. Both Winthrop aud Lechford say "last winter." Peter and Dalton started from Dover for Agamenticus, " with one of Agamenticus,'' and with John Ward, " who was to be entertained for their minister ;" " lost their way, and wandered two days and one night without food or fire in the snow and wet." The "snow and wet" could easily be in March or Feb- ruary. This letter shows plainly the intrigue upon which he was at Pascataqua, of whose success he was san- guine. What motives he applied no records tell us ; but events soon showed that his arguments were powerful. DOVER. 777 On the 14th of June, 1641, five owners of the Dover and Swamscot patent, in the name of the whole, con- veyed to Massachusetts all power of government over the tract emhraced in their grant, together with its lands, reserving certain property for themselves. In fact, they had no power of government to convey ; they were but a trading and planting corporation. The five signers of this transfer acted in behalf of all the owners of the patent. In the protest against annexation, dated 4th of March, 1641, the signers mention their expectation that " the owners" were expected to " come over" in about thi'ee months ; that is, " the owners," being the owners of the patent, who granted land to settlers, not the settlers them- selves, who owned land under grant from the pat- entees. This transfer was actually made three months and a half after the date of the protest, but not one of the owners appear to have " come over." Wyllys was then Deputy Governor of Connecticut, and lived, as well as Whiting, at Hartford ; Salton- stall (brother of Sir Richard) was a resident of Water- town ; Holyolce was of Lynn ; and Makepeace was of Dorchester. Three of these five signers, therefore, were citizens of Massachusetts, and no owner came from abroad or signed any transfer. Unless the pro- ject had been formed during the preceding year, no authority from England could have been possessed by these signers. The probability is that it was a plan devised to meet an exigency in the progress of the territorial extension. In this transfer it is noticeable that the patentees conveyed " power of jurisdiction or government of the said people." What prompted them to do this is beyond explanation. First, such a. power in them- selves was not capable of being deputed, and, sec- ondly, they had no such power in themselves. The patent under which they held lands will be searched in vain to find the slightest allusion to power of gov- ernment. The consequenc^was a fraudulent assump- tion of power which they had never attempted to exercise. When the heirs of Mason, whose claim antedated the Dover patent and covered its whole territory, were endeavoring to secure their rights, their own counsel admitted that they had no right of government. The conveyance, as to government, was an arrogant usurpation ; but it answered its purpose possibly as one of the factors making the ]\Iassachu- setts title, perhaps in bringing sf)me pressure to bear upon the people, whose protest had referred to their attachment to the patentees, perhaps wisely to guard against any possible complaint from the patentees. The Massachusetts act of annexation drops it out without even an allusion. Its real practical effect was to convey the title to lands not reserved, and this it accomplished. It was desirable, perhaps indispensable, with the Masonian claim hanging like a heavy cloud on the northern horizon, that the people of the Pascataqua should come willingly into this extension. Hugh Peter's words were heeded : " I conceive that 2 or 3 fit men sent ouer may doe much good at this conflu- ence of things." The court, June, 1641, ordered com- missioners to be sent to Pascataqua. The Governor appointed, 8th July, Humphrey, Bradstreet, Wiggin, and Synonds. Lechford says that Hugh Peter went also, a " second time," for " appeasing" the old differ- ences there, being commissioner to these gentlemen. AVinthrop says that " Mr. Humphrey, Mr. Peter, and Mr. Dalton had been sent before [the commission] to understand the minds of the people, to reconcile some differences between them, and to prepare them," which doubtless refers to Peter's second visit in 1641, not long before his departure (3d August, 1641) for England, where he finally lost his head for treason. The consent of the people was "undoubtedly ob- tained, as well as of the plantation at the mouth of the Pascataqua as of Dover. But no vote of the people has been preserved. What induced the Epis- copal settlement at the river's mouth to consent does not appear, neither is it within my object. The peo- ple of Dover were undoubtedly tired of the confusions among them, and at last came to welcome a strong hand to control the discordant elements, especially as that hand was constantly threatening a weak planta- tion with a claim which could be made effectual by overwhelming forces. What especial arguments were used by Hugh Peter are unknown. Edward Hilton, we know, was guaranteed perpetual freedom from all province taxes. Concessions were made to the towns. They were never to be taxed for any purposes but those arising among themselves, and the reply of Massachusetts in 1676 to the complaint of Mason and Gorges of the usurpation by Massachusetts says that "never was any levy laid upon them for the public treasury." The Pascataqua people were to have their own courts. No soldiers were ever to be drawn out of the town except by their own consent. The towns were guaranteed all usual town privileges, wliich carried with it the right to sell or grant lands within their limits, and, greatest of all, the law that only church-members could be voters was waived in their behalf, although it does not appear that they could send deputies other than church-members. The vote of Massachusetts extending its jurisdic- tion was as follows : "By THE Gl-NERALL CoURTT, *' It is now ordered By the Geiierall Court bolden .it Boston the 9th of the 8th mo, 1G41, and with the Consent of the Inhabetants of the of Pasuataway as foUoweth. " ImprimiB that henceforward the sayd Peopel Inhabitina thear ar and shall Be Accepted and Reputed under the government of the IVIas- sachusetsas the Rest of thelnabetants within the sayd Jureisdiction and also that they shall have the same order and way of Administration of Justice and way of keiiping of Courte as is Established at Ipswich and SalUni. Also they shall Be Exemted from all piiblicko charges other than those that shall arise Among themself or from any occasion or course that may be taken To procure thear owne proper good or benefitt. Also tlieay shall injny all such lafull liberties of fishing, planting, fall- ing timber as formerly they have Injoyed In the sayd River. " Mr Symion Bradstret Mr Israll Stoughton Mr Samewell Simones Mr William Tinge Mr Frances "Willymes and Mr Edward hillton or anie 778 HISTORY OF STRAFFOED COUNTy, NEW HAMPSHIRE fower of them wheat of Mr Bradostret or Mr Stoughton to be one, these shall have the same power that the quarter Courts.at Sallem and Ips- wich have. Also the Inhabetants thear ar alowed to send too depeties from the hole Hiver to the Court at Boston, also Mr Braedstret Mr Stoughton and they of the comishiners shall have power at the Court atPascataway to apoynt two or three to Joyne with Mr Willyams and Mr hillton to governe the people as the magistrats heir tell the next Geuarall Court take ferder order." It will be seen that Massachusetts rested its title upon two points, — first, its claim that its patent cov- ered the Pascataqua, which was afterwards decided (in 1677) by the lords chief justices in England to be invalid, a decision confirmed by the king in coun- cil ; and secondly, and subordinate, the consent of the people, of which it may be said that under the laws of England it was equally invalid. The two, however, served the purpose, and the Pascataqua towns were a part of Massachusetts for nearly forty years. A strong power preserved order, and it is but just to say, however that power was acquired, that it respected the rights of the people, allowed their in- tense democracy all the privileges of self-government, and was never slow to put forth its strength for the protection of the settlements against a barbarous enemy. For not a few years even the Speaker of the Massachusetts Assembly was the deputy from Dover. This wise policy so conciliated a watchful and some- times jealous people that the larger part became well contented, and received with reluctance the man- date which finally made New Hampshire a royal province. To carry into effect the annexation the commis- sioners appointed by the General Court came to Dover, and appointed as magistrates Thomas Wiggin, Thomas Wannerton, Ambrose Gibbons, and William Walderne to act with Mr. Williams and Mr. Hilton. This constituted the Court of Associates, with juris- diction in cases under twenty pounds in value, and from this court there was power of appeal to the Court of Assistants. The Court of Associates at first could not sit without the presence of an assistant, so called, in reality a presiding judge, but the inconvenience of this requirement in the Pascataqua led, in September, 1642, to permission to act without such judge. The associates continued for some time to be appointed by the General Court. The towns were subsequently au- thorized to elect associates by popular vote. An in- ferior court existed in each town, " commissioners for small causes" being elected by the people, with juris- diction in cases under twenty shillings in value. Dover and Portsmouth were at first annexed to the jurisdic- tion of the courts at Ipswich, but 10th May, 1643, the county of Norfolk was created, including Salisbury, Haverhill, Hampton, Exeter, Portsmouth, and Dover, the shire town being Salisbury ; ' but Dover and Portsmouth always had distinct courts held in these two towns once or twice a year, and the records frequently speak of the " county of Dover and Ports- 1 The "Old Norfolk County" records are preserved at Salem, mouth." ^ This court, in 1642, was authorized to ad- minister the " freeman's oath." It is noticeable that Thomas Wiggin, appointed in 1650, was the only as- sistant ever selected from the Pascataqua. The concession that church membership was not necessary to " freemen," that is, to persons invested with full rights of citizenship, inclusive of voting at elections, was made at the General Court of Septem- ber, 1642. The same court voted that " Northam" (the then name of Dover) should have the "same liberty which other towns have." This carried with it the right to grant or sell unoccupied lands or standing timber and controlling fisheries, all of which rights Dover used freely. This vote was ac- companied by a statement that " Wee thinke we are bound to defend their right, according to o'' agreement with Mr. Whiting and his company, so as nothing bee done to the prejudice of Mr. Whiting and com- pany, till the matter bee decided." The matter of sales of lands was still further com- pleted by a vote of the General Court, May 6, 1646, " Y' Dover hath the same power of recording sales of land as Ipswich hath, and y' Wm. Walderne be re- corder there till y"* Court take further order therein." How did it happen that the Pascataqua people con- sented to submit to Massachusetts? We have seen that the predominant sentiment at Dover was a mild churchman sympathy, and that of Portsmouth an open and strenuous Episcopacy. On the Pascataqua were exiles from Massachusetts, who could not regard the extension of that power over them with any content- ment. It was only in the March previous that a ma- jority of the people of Dover had protested against the proposed union. No document exists to explain the change. But facts can hint. The Dover people at least were so troubled by the contests among themselves which had culminated after that protest that the need of a strong and controlling po?cer was evident. So far as any reliance upon Mason was concerned, — he was dead, his heir was a minor, his widow without power. So far as England was concerned, — the reign of the Long Parliament had begun. There was absolutely no power and no friendship to which the Pascataqua could appeal for aid or defense should Massachusetts de- termine to take its long-threatened possession. The settlements, therefore, made the best terms possible, to which Massachusetts in fact granted everything in exchange for the mere title of sovereignty ; and, to all appearanpe, inducements were held out by the leading men, some of whom, gracefully yielding, found places of trust and honor. William Walderne, the recorder, brother of Maj. Eichard, representative from Dover for one day in the General Court in 1642, had recorded land grants in 1642, a copy of one record (but not the original) 2 The records of this court, at least in part, are in the county offices at Exeter. DOVER. 779 now remaining. He was also recorder of Maine. After his untimely death, in September, 1G46, by drowning, in the Kennebunk River, George Smyth was appointed recorder at Dover, Nov. 4, 1646. None of his records remain, and William Pomfrett, elected town clerk Nov. 1, 1647, was directed by the town to " record the lands ... as hath bin given heretofore to ptickler persons, or that shall be hereafter." Names and Boundaries, — The earliest name of any part of Dover, so far as known, is that of Dover Point, given in theSwarascot patent, " Weeanacohunt." The now central part of Dover took its name from the falls, " Cochecho," meaning the " rapid, foaming water." Dover Point, while Hilton controlled it, was known in English as "Hilton's Point." For a time under Wiggin an old map marks it " Bristow," from Bristol, the place where the owners principally lived. Before 1639 it had received the name of " Dover," for what reason has not yet appeared. Before .January, 1611, it was "Northam," from the place where Rev. Thomas Larkham had been settled. But before May, 1648, it was again " Dover," the name which the pres- ent city has always since retained, yet the name of Northam lingered in traces for some years. The boundaries of Dover (not including the New- ington side) were not given in the patent. In the union with Massachusetts, in 1641, perhaps some northern boundaries were mentioned, but no record of such is found. It is probable that the boundaries were as settled in 1652, except that it is known that Bloody Point (Newington) was assigned to Ports- mouth. This was not pleasing to Bloody Point, and in 1643 the inhabitants remonstrated and petitioned to be restored to Dover. The signers were *James Johnson, *Thomas Canning, *Thomas Fursen, Wil- liam Fray, William Jones, Thomas Trickey, John Godard, *Henry LangstafFe, John Fayer, Oliver Trim- mings, Philip Lewis, *Roderick [illegible]. Those starred made their marks. The result of this petition was an order restoring all the marsh and meadow on Great Bay to Dover, with four hundred acres of upland. Upon the 8th 7th mo., 1652, Massachusetts ap- pointed certain men to "settle the limits" of Dover. It was done as follows : "That the utmost Bound on the west is a Greeke on the east sied of Lamprill River, and from the end of that Creeke to Lamprill River fiirst fall, and so from the furst on a west and by north line six miles, and from newchawnick furst fall one A north and by est line fower miles from a Creek next Belowe Thomas Canne his house to a Cartaine Cove near the mouth of the Great Bay called the hogstey Cove, and all the marsh and meadowe ground lying and butting on the Great Bay with Conveniente upland to selt their hey." On the 19th of October following it was ordered that "the northern bounds of Dover shall extend from the first fall of newichawnick Kever upon a north and by west line fower miles." Between Dover and Exeter, " agreed that the line formerly laid out shall stand, they takeinge the pointe from the middle of the bridge and the first fall on the Lamprill River and soe to Runne six miles west by north." In 1654 the middle of the river " newichawa- nacke" was determined to be the dividing line between Dover and Kittery, — Kittery then including Eliot and the Berwicks. Original Dover, therefore, included the present city of Dover, Somersworth, Rollinsford, Durham, Mad- bury, Lee, Newington, and perhaps part of Greenland. Its various divisions may here be mentioned. In 1669 the people of Oyster River (now Durham) petitioned to be set off, saying they were "two hun- dred and twenty souls, near fiftie families, seventie and odd souldiers." It was signed by John Brick- ford and thirty-eight others. No success was had. In 1695 they prayed for in- corporation as a parish, signed by John Woodman (ancestor of the late John S. Woodman, professor in Dartmouth College) and fifty-two others. Again the effort was unsuccessful. July 16, 1713, on petition of George Huntress and fifty-two others, Newington (the old Bloody Point) was separated from Dover, its first meeting being held Aug. 6, 1713. May 15, 1732, Durham was incorporated, taking the now Durham, Lee, and part of Madbury. In 1729, Samuel Roberts and sixty-four others petitioned to have Somersworth set off. This re- sulted in the establishment of a parish, which was finally made a town, April 22, 1754. May 10, 1743, Zachariah Pitman and sixty others, of the present Madbury, " the westerly part of the town of Dover, and the northerly part of Durham," petitioned to have that territory set off, which was 'done May 31, 1755, as a parish, and May 26, 1768, as a town. Lee was separated from Durham Jan. 17, 1766, and Rollinsford from Somersworth July 3, 1849 ; a small portion of the lower eastern end of Rollins- ford was restored to Dover in 1879. Early Records. — The earliest extant records of Dover are in the year 1647. A few land records are evidently results of grants of 1636 and 1637. We give some of the earliest: The west 8ied of y Back Reu er or over ye back Reuer. A Record of the 20 Acker loetes as theay waer in Order Giuen and Ijiyed out to the inhabetance hoes names are here under menehened, with the nombe/of the loet to each pertickler man : As it was found Recorded by WHliitm Wallden in a Pese of paper in the year [I6]42 which lots ar in Breadth at the waterside 40 poell and in lenketh 80 Pole up in the woods. Nam. Thomes Roberds 1 Richard Roggers 2 Ilenrey Tebetea Mr larkham Edward Colcord George Webe John Tuttle 7 "William Storey 8 Barthey Smey 9 John Ugroiie 10 John Dam 11 Wm Pompfrett 12 780 HISTOKY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. [In later hand] this 12th lott is exchanged w^t deacon Dam for the Seunteenth Lott ■William Hillton Sin 13 [" Sin" is in later hand.] Edward Starbuck 14 Samewell Haynea 15 [In later hand], this 15'^ lott was reaigned to John Hill and by him sold unto William FoUett as was acknowledge Robert Huggios 16 John Croesse 17 [In later hand], this 11^^ Lott is exchange by Jn^ Dam wtb L* Pomfret ffor the 12tt Lott. Tho layton IS John Hall 19 Hatabell Nutter 20 Henrey Eecke 21 John Westell 22 [Blank] 23 Richard Pinkom 24 To this list can or should be traced all the titles on the west side of Back River. The following were mill-site rents : nechewaneck Rent Capt weggen and mr Bradstreet .... the foist of lOt^ July 1650 101b p annum ye uper fall of Cocchechae ^j Cap' Wigin Edward Starbuck llOIb Rent begain the first Fey 61 ) Capt Wallden Rent begin "i the 24th 50 p annum 1 12 00 Joseph Asttine for bis quarter part of the old mill 2 fresh creick began the first of march 53 6 Capt. wallden grats y^ -. second fall L 4 q Cochechae ye first of march J Josaph Asiine grant lettell -» Johns I 6 [Creek] & mark the first i [Ambrose] gibins his [gran] mill 4 [Valentine H]ill for his mill -v at oyster LlO the first of m'^ 50 J [Elder Nutte]r his grant at 1 Reuer } 2° » » his mast ye first 32 mast 61-20 mast ster 20 mast 20 mast. The next record appears, by subsequent convey- ances from some of the parties, to assign lots in Co- checho J/arxh : The lottes w written y 18 day 1648 1 Antony Emery, 12 yeckeres 2 [blank] 3 for M' Belley, 6 yeckeres 4 George wallton, 6 yeckeres 6 Te charch 12 yeckeres 6 [blank] 7 John Hall, 6 yeckeres 8 John Hard, 6 yeckeres 9 Henry Becke, 6 yeckeres 10 William Walldon, 6 yeckeres 11 M' Nutter, 6 yeckeres [In later hand is written :] This 11 tt lot is Exchanged with Edward Colcord for his 6 accer lote of marsh in the Great Bay 12 John newgrowe, 6 yeckeres 13 Henery Lanstafe, 6 yeckeres 14 John goddere, 6 yeckeres 15 James Newett, 6 yeckeres 16 Robert Hurkenes, 6 yeckeres 17 James Rallenes, 6 yeckeres 18 William Ferbsure, 6 yeckeres 19 Richard Walldone, 6 yeckeres 20 John Backer, 6 yeckeres next joining to yes lottes yere is 10 yeckeres glueing to John Backer & y rest of ye marsh [?] given to Richard walloD by A towne metten & all ye [?] is deflded [si^jned] Hatevill Nntter Richard Walden John Becker John Hall H his marke John Goddar James Newth The following is the earliest extant tax-list, and gives the names of all tax-payers in 1648 : Dover The Towne Rate, Made the 19tt: lOtb m» [16]48 £ s d. Impr" George Smith : Bated at 0032 08 00 and topay4d P lb is 0000 10 09 George Webb Rated 0046 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 12 08 John Goddard Rated 0129 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0002 02 02 Tho : Layton Rated 0166 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0002 12 00 John damme Rated 0104 10 OO and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 14 10 George Walton Rated 0084 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is , 0001 07 04 William Pomfrett Rated 0071 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 01 08 Richard Yurke Rated 0072 08 00 and to pay 4d P lb h OOOI 04 00 Hatevil Nutter Rated 0078 16 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OOOI 06 03 William Story Rated 0066 04 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 02 01 Joseph Austin Rated 0091 10 00 andtopay4d P lb is 0001 11 02 Tho: Canny Rated 0084 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 08 00 Samuel Haines Rated 0065 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 01 10 John Turc Rated 0035 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 01 08 Jo: Hall Rated 0079 li 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 06 08 Willm Furber Rated 0081 10 (?) and to pay 4il P lb is 0001 07 02 Henry Tibbetts Rated 0087 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 09 02 John Turtle Rated 0069 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 03 00 James Newte Rated 0083 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OOnl 07 08 Mr Roberts Riited 0069 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is nooi 03 02 Edw: Starbuciv Rated ui>45 10 00 and to pay 4d P Ibis 0000 15 04 Ambrose Gibbons Rated 0086 00 OO and to pay 4d P lb is OOOl 08 00 William Beard Rated 0076 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is onol 05 06 Tho: Stephenson Rated 0050 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OWIO 16 04 William Drue Rated 0070 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 03 04 Matthew Gyles Rated 0194 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0003 03 02 M" Matthews Rated 0139 10 00 and to pay4d P Ibis 0002 03 02 Jonas Biuns Rated 0042 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 14 04 Charles Adams Rated 0031 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OOOO 05 14 John Bicfc lord Rated 0115 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OOOI 18 06 Philip Chaseley Rated 0078 10 00 and to pay 4d P Ibis oOOl 06 06 Tho: Willey Rated 0071 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OOOl 03 06 John Allt Rated 0069 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OOOl 03 00 Darby Field Rated 0081 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is ooOl 07 00 Oliver Kent Bated 0070 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is nooi 00 10 Tho: Johnson Rated 0040 00 00 and topay4d Plbis .'." ', 00(» 13 04 DOVER. 781 f «. d. John Bakor Bated 0092 10 Ou and to pay 4d P lb i3 0001 10 10 FranciB LettlnWld Rated 0060 15 00 and to pay 4d P Ibis 0001 00 03 Eicb: Walderne Rated 0141 DO 00 and tojiayldP Ibis 0002 03 04 more to pay 0000 03 04 ThomaB Trickett Rated 0104 10 00 and to pay4d P lb is 0001 08 01 Henry Longstaff Eiited 0175 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 05 00 George Branson Rated 0030 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 10 00 Henry Beck Bated 0040 16 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 13 07 John Hillton Rated 0('46 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 15 04 Willm. Roberts Bated 0046 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is , .' 0000 16 02 Tho: Footman Rated 0060 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 00 00 James Rawlins Rated 0060 00 00 and to pay 4(1 P Ibis 0001 00 00 M' Seleys house Rated 0008 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 02 08 Tho: Fursen Rated 0016 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 05 00 Francis Small Rated 0010 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 03 04 Jeffery Raggs house 0004 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 01 04 Thompsons point house 0004 00 0(1 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 01 04 Eobt: Hethersey Rated 0060 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 00 00 Tho: Board Rated 0062 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0001 00 08 John Hall Rated ^ 0042 00 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 14 00 John Martin Rated 0041 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is 0000 13 10 Antb'o: Emery Rated 0108 10 00 and to pay 4d P lb is OOOl 16 00 , , „ f 0002 10 00 more to pay for a bull -^ ^^^^^^ qq ^^ This Bate within specified Js to ben paid in such comodities, time and place as foUoweth, viz. One fourth part in Corne, to bee pd, and brought in at the rates as fol- lowes virt; Indian Corne at 4^ p bushell, wheat &. pease at b^ p bushel], and to bee paid by the lO^" day of the next m" at the house of W"* Poni- frett, tfe y<' rest of the rate to bee p^ in by the lO" day of March next ensueing, At the saw pitt below Tho. Cannya for one place of receipt for part of the said rate, and y" other to bee paid in at the back Cove, to the Constable or his Aseignes. All pipe staues are to bee delivred in at the rate of 3. 10. 0. and hhstaues at 02. 05, 0. And for default of paym* in either or any of the said paymta in pt or in all contrary to the forme aforesaid Wee due hereby authorize and glue unto the Constable full pow to arrest & attach the goods of such pson or psous as shall make denyall. Witnes o' hands this 19*'' day of y^ 10° mo 48 Ambrose Gibbons Hatenill Nutter William Pomfrett Antho Emerey Tho : Layton CHAPTER CXIII. DOVER. — (Con^i'iiiieti.) LUMBER BUSINESS. The first industry of Dover was the catching and curing of fish for the English market, with the soon added trade with Indians for skins. The latter was extensively carried on by Maj. Kichard Wal- derne, at his frontier post at Cochecho. The lumber business early assumed large proportions. Maj. Walderne began the manufacture of lumber at his mill on Cochecho Falls certainly as early as 1642, and he continued it through life. The lumber was taken to Portsmouth by the river on rafts, and thence transported very largely to the West Indies in ex- change for the products of those islands. The exten- sive forests became a source of wealth, and the various water-falls were rapidly improved. The town made grants of mill-sites, with the right to cut timber on specified tracts, the occupants pay- ing annual rents for the rights thus conferred. These rents were set apart for the support of the ministry. We notice reference to these rents as late as the year 1703, and later we have not yet investigated. The falls at Cochecho were doubtless occupied very early. The first saw-mill was on the south side of the river, and was called " old" in a conveyance of 1649. The second was on the north side, about 1648. The first grant of mill-site is not on record, unless it be included, as probably it was, in the conveyance of land in 1642. The successive dates of occupation, in order of time, would be as follows : Cochecho, south side, prior to 1643. Lamprey River, Dec. 27, 1647. Cochecho, north side, Dec. 12, 1648. Bellamy, Oct. 23, 1649. Oyster River, Nov. 19, 1649. Newichawannock, July 1, 1650. Cochecho, second fall, July 4, 1650. Fresh Creek, Dec. 5, 1652. Johnson's Creek, Dec. 5, 1652. Little John's Creek, Dec. 5, 1652. Wadleigh's Falls, May 3, 1669. The persons to whom these grants were made were as follows : Cochecho, south side. — 1, 6, 1642. Given and granted by the Towne unto Richard Walderne fifty Acres of upland at Cuttchechoe. The said land joyning to the fall at ye fresh Riuer, and the Riuer on the South side of the same. More, 30, 6, 1643, three score acres of upland next adioyning to his old planting ground at Cuttchechoe aforesaid, on the lower side of the Riuer, opposite to his house the Riuer lying on the north side of the said Land. Lamprey Biver. — At a publique Towne meetinge holden 7* : 10 M° [16]47 It is ordered that M' Ambrose Gibbons, M' Rich- ard Walderne, Thomas Layton, Anthony Emr'^y, Wil- liam Pomfrett, are to treate w"" Elder Nutter & Elder Starbucke about the accommodation of a saw mill at Lainprell Riuer & as these men shall agree, it shall be the act of the Towne. 19: 11 M° [16]47 Wee the Townsmen in this Order aboue mentioned haue accordinge to the order given us by the Towne agreed w* Elder Nutter & Elder Starbucke as follow- eth : That is to say, wee haue granted unto them ac- commodation of the upper or lower ffalls of Lamprill Riuer for the erectinge or settinge up a Sawmill, & likewise for what Timber They shall make use of for sawinge by the said mill, Oake or Pine, They shall pay for euery Tree six pence to the Towne, & this is to be paid in board or Plancke at price currant. They haue Liberty to fall their Timber where they shall see most fitt wi^in our Bounds. 782 HISTORY OF STRAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Other grants on the same river were: By the Selectmen 7 : 5 JI° [16]52. Giuen and Granted to M' Valentine Hill, his Heires & Assignes of Dover; the whole accommodations of Lamprell Riuer for the erectinge & settinge up a saw- mill or mills w"" all the Timber upon the South side of the said River, w"'' doth ly within our Line a mile in breadth or thereabouts (Pouskasicke Graunt ex- cepted) as also all our Timber upon the North side of the aforesaid Riuer one mile in breadth, & so all our Land in Leangth ; And in Consideration of this Grant, Mr Valentine Hill aforenamed is to pay to the Towne of Doner the summ of twenty pounds p yeare in Board or Planke at price Currant & this pay to be paid yearely by the said Valintine Hill. Conhecho, north sjde.— The 12° of the lO'" M°: [16]48. Wee whose names are here underwritten by virtue and authority to us made, according to an order of the 27* of the 9" M" 48, by and at the request of Rich- ard Walderne haue giuen and granted, and by these presents do giue and grant unto the said Richard Wal- derne his heires and assignes for Euer, fifteen hundred of Trees, either oke or pine, for the accommodation of a Saw Mill which hee intendeth shortly, by gods pmission to erect and sett up, or cause to bee erected and sett upp, at or uppon the Lower fall of the Riuer Cochechoe, which said fifteen hundred of Trees are to be had as followeth, vizt. one thousand thereof to bee had and fallen, betweene the first fall where the said sawe mill is to bee sett up, and j" second fall of the said riuer of Cochechoe, and the fresh Riuer that run- neth to Bellymyes banck, the residue of the said trees to bee had and fallen on the small neck of land between the freshetts up in the head of the fresh Creeke, being nere about a mile aboue the floeing of the Tide in the said fresh Creek. Prouided that when the said Rich- ard Walderne, or his assignes shall make use of any tree or trees, soe to bee had and fallen, shall pay for every tree the sume of Three pence to the use of the Towne. All w"'' said Trees are to bee marked out by the said Richard Walderne, uppon Legall notice forth- ■with, if any Saw Mill shall be erected and sett up, in any of ye aforesaid places, at Bellymyes banck or in ye fresh Creeke. In witness wher of wee haue here- unto putt o' hands the day & yeare aforesaid. Hatewill Xutter. Tho : Canney John Damme. Tho : Layton. Jo : Baker. [One quarter " of a sawmill which is Erected & sett up at or upon Cochichoe falls," Walderne conveyed to Joseph Austin, 29 Dec. 1649, for £2.5.] It is Ordered that whereas Mr Richard Walden of Doner hath sett upp Saw mill works at the lower fiail of Cochechaw wee the selectmen with Elder nutter & Mr Ambrose Gibbons doe Approve of & Confirme to him and his Heirs Executors Administrato" and As- signes all the said works as they are or shall bee in ther best pfection with what else hee or thay shall see meete to Erect in the said place. In Con.«ideration whereof the said Mr Richard Walden his Heirs Ex- ecuto''* Administrato" and Assigns shall pay to the Towne of Dover the sume of twelue pounds p year in boards or planck at price Currantt so long as hee or thay shall Continue any worke in the said place for Sawinge of timb' or by possession thereof and doe hereby declare that the Commodation.s of timb' wee graunt to the Aforesaid Mr Richard Walden his Heirs Executors Administrato" and Assignes is as fFolloweth, that is to say two thirds of all the timb' lyinge & growinge betwixt Cochechaw first ffall and Ouer to the fFreshitt of Bellymyes Banck, and so from the end of the Swamp next Bellymyes banck and so westward betweene the Riuer of Cochechaw & the ifreshitt that runeth to Bellemy es bancke & so to the u ttmost bounds of Douuer Exceptinge the trees graunted to Joseph Austin, as also upon Douer neck from A ledg of Rocks at a fFreshitt that runneth out of the woods Against the lower side of the Mouth of ffresh Creek, and fi-om that ledge of Rocks at highwater marke upon the neck of land thre Quarters of a mile upon A South & by west line and from the end of that line upon A west & by north line tell he Cometh to the next Graunt all the timb' within this tract of land betwixt Cochecha Riuer & the line Aforementioned Exceptinge what timb'' is granted to Capt Wiggin & M' Bradstreet BeUamij.—Kt A Town meting held the 23'" of S'" mo [16 J 49. Given and granted to William Pomfrett Tho layton Jo Dam and thear Ears and a sines the fall of Belle- mes banke for the cricketing of a saewmill and allso fiuten hundred trees oyke and Pine to be failed in the swamp Aboue the sayd failed not goeing into m' wall- dens grant Itt is ferder Granted to the sayd william Pomfrett and partners lebertie to fall timber in aney plase of the Riuer out of mens lotes paing for euery tre 3'' to the towne of Douer as apeareth in the other booke [.J Jo[hn] Dam resined his part to the partners. 5: 10 M". [16] 52. Articles of Agreement betwixt M' Richard Wal- derne of Cocheche of the one Parte and the Select- men of Douer : That is to say M' Valentine Hill, William ffurber, Henery Langster, William Wentworth, in the behalfe of themselues & the 'i owne of Douer, doe giue, grant, bargaine & sell unto the aforesaid M' Richard Wal- derne, his Heires, Executors, Administrators, or As- signes for euer all the Timber beinge & growinge upon the Land on the south side on Bellermies- Bancke fresehett: Except fifteen hundred Trees granted to- Bellermies-Bancke Mills, lyinge on the north side of the Path from the Bellermies-Bancke to- wards Oyster Riuer, unto M'' Valentine Hill his grant bounded halfe a Mile to the Eastwards of Thomas Johnson's Creeke, w'" Liberty in the said ffreshett aboue Bellermies-Bancke Mills in any place thereof to set up mill or mills where hee shall see fitt, as DOVER. 783 also three hundred Acres of Land for a farnie in any Place within the Trackt of Timber aforementioned to him & his heires & Assignes for euer and quietly to Injoy all the Premises without any molestation of us Selectmen in our owne names, or in any other by us : In Consideration whereof the aforesaid M'' Kichard Walderne doth binde himselfe, his Heires, Executors & Administrators to erect a meetinge house upon the hill neer Elder Nutters : the Demen- tions of the said House is to be forty foot longe, twenty six foot wide, sixteen foot Studd, w"* six win- dowes, two Doores fitt for such a house, with a tite coueringe, to planck all the walls, w"" glass & Nailes for it, & to be finished betwixt this & Aprill next come Twel-month w"'' will be in the year 1654. This vote brings to view the erection of the second meeting-house in Dover. It was built according to this contract. In 1667 an earthwork and palisades were erected around it for defense against Indians. The remains of the earthwork are still entirely visi- ble. The falls are now occupied (the lower) by the im- portant woolen-mills known as " Sawyer's," which will be fully described farther on. Oyster JRiver. — At A Towne meeting heield the 19th of the 9 mo [16]49. . Giuen and Granted to Mr: Vallantine Hill and Thomas Beard the fall of Oyster River, and to thear Eares and Asines for the Erickting and setting up of a sawemill and Acomedatione for the mill of Timber for the Imployment of the mill, and in consideration of this Grant the Aboue named Vallantine and Thomas or thear Eares or asines ar to paye yearly to the towne of Dover the som of tenn pound p audom the tim of the Intrey or beginning of the Rent ofoer- sayd is to begin the first of September next insewing and soe to contenew the sayd yearly Rent so long as theay shall holld the proprietie of the plas, and if the Mill doe bin to worke befoer the above menshened tim that then the year is to begine. By the Select Men 5 : Mo [16]52. It is ordered that whereas Mr. Valentine Hill, of Dover hath set up Saw Mill Works at Oyster River : Wee the Select men wth Elder Nutter, Mr. Ambrose Gibbons doe approve & confirme to him his Heires, Executors, Administrators, or Assignes the said worke as it is etc. The very considerable falls of Oyster River, at the head of tide-water, are still in use. On the Newichawannoch. — At A towne meting the first of the 5th mo 1650. Giuen and granted to Mr. Thomas Wiggin and Mr. Simon Braedstret and thear hieres and asynes Acome- dation for a saewmill to be ereicketed by them and set up in the Riuer of niecknechewanicke aboue the first fall or at quampheggon as allsoe acomedation of timber for the sayd mill, and for the aboue named grant the afoersayd Mr. Wiggin and Mr. Braedstret ar to pay tenn starling by the year to the towne. This fall on its New Hampshire side gives the large power to the cotton-mills of the Salmon Falls Com- pany. Coohecho Second Fall. — At A towen meeting heilld the foerth of the fifeth mo [16]50. Giuen and granted unto M' Thomas Wiggien and Edward Starbuck their heires and asignes for euer acomedation for the Ereickteing or setting downe a sawe mill at the secont fall of Coechechae Reuer with acomedation of tember near ajasent as the sayd miell shall inproue with acomedation of land as the towns- men shall see fett or such as shall be depeuted and for the foernamed Grant the aforesayd m' Toomas Wiggine and -Edward Starbucke aer to pay to the towne of Douer the soem of tena pounds starling by the'year after it is sett to worke and if theay shall not sett up the sayd mill to worke with in one yeare the aforesayd parties ar to pay to the towne tenn pounds for the fierst yeare after the fierst July which will be in the year 51 or likewise if theay shall desert it theay are to pay 10 pound for the kiping of it and not Im- prouing it according to the intent of the towne and that thear shall noe mill be set up aboue theim to hinder them. At the same time is giuen, and granted m"' Thomas Wiggen and his heres & asigns one hondred Ackers of upland ajasent to the mill at the second fall of Coechechaue. At the same time is giuen and granted to Edward Starbucke his hieres and asynes 50 Ackers of upland near ajasent alsoe. At A towne meting heild the 14th of the 5th mo 1651. Giuen and granted to M" Thomas Wiggin his heirs and asynes flue hundred Ackers of upland for a farme at the secont fall of Cochechaue to be layd out by thoese wich shall be deputed and to be layd out as Conuenint as may be boeth for the inhabetance and for m' Wiggin. By the Select Men 6 : 10 M° [16]52. Giuen & Granted unto M' Richard Walderne Lib- erty to set up a saw-mill upon the north side of the second ffall of the Riuer of Cocheche to him & his heires Executors & Assignes all the Timber beinge & growinge betwixt the said Riuer of Cocheche and nechewauicke Riuer: to the Westward betwixt the said Riuers to our utmost Bounds : Prouided it in- trench not upon any former Grant : In Consideration whereof the abouenamed M' Richard Walderne is to pay to the Towne fine pound the yeare as others do, w'" twenty Acres of Land adjoyneinge to it to be laid out by William Wentworth, John Heard, William flfurber : The Rent is to begin the first of March 1653 : Prouided the Inhabitants haue Liberty for the Cut- tinge of Timber, accordinge to the Order bearinge Date w* these Presents. This fall is the one long known as " Whittier's," and is now improved for a grist-mill. Fresh Greek.— &j the Selectmen 5 : 10 M° [16]62. 784 HISTORY OF STRAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Giuen & Granted unto William ffurber, william Wentworth, Henry Langster, Thomas Canny the ac- commodations of fresh Creeke, for the erecting & set- tinge up of a Sawmill : The bounds of Timber are from the head of the Creeke from the flowinge of the Tide three miles up, into the woods betwixt the two freshetts, the Southermost freshett cominge out of the Marsh beside the great Hill at Cocheche : the North- ermost freshett boundinge Captaine Wiggins & M' Bradstreets Grant at Quomphegon, & also what Timber lyes in common, that They shall make use of betwixt fresh Creeke & Cocheche : They are to pay six pounds p yeare so longe as they continue Posses- sion thereof: Prouided that the Inhabitants haue Liberty for cuttings of Timber accordingeto the Order bearing Date w"* these Presents: And also in case they make any use of any Trees, for Masts aboue twenty foure inches through, that they are to pay tenn shillings for euery such Mast as They make use of The time of the Rent to begin the first of March next come. Tvvel-month in the year [16]53. The power on Fresh Creek has long been too slight to be of use. Thomas Johnson's Oreek. — By the Selectmen 5 : 10 M"- [16] 52. Giuen & granted unto M"^ Ambrose Gibbons, his Heires Executors or Assignes the freshett in the head of Thomas Johnsons Creeke to erect a Sawmill w" accommodations of Timber to the Norward of M' Valintine Hills Grant, betwixt the said Grant & Bel- lermies-Baucke freshett: And in consideration whereof the aforesaid M' Ambrose Gibbons, his Heires, Executors or Assignes are to pay to the Towne of Douer the summ of foure pounds p yeare so longe as Hee or they shall make use of the Place by Sawinge or by Possession : Prouided They do not pre- uent the water passage of the Timber of M' Hill there : As also the Inhabitants haue Liberty to cutt downe Timber accordinge to the order bearinge date w"" these Presents : And further if the aforenamed shall make use of any Trees for Masts aboue 24 inches, they shall pay to the Towne the summ of tenn shil- lings for euery such Tree so made use of: The Rent of the Grant is to begin the first of March [16]54 This is a small creek in Durham. Little John's Creek. — By the Selectmen 5 : 10 M°. [16] 52. Giuen & Granted unto Joseph Austin his Heirs Executors & Assignes little Johns Creeke, for y" erect- inge of a Saw Mill w"" the accommodations of Timber as followeth, on the west side of the backe Riuer all the Timber upon the Tract of Laud from the South East of the Path that goes to Thomas Johnsons Creeke to the bounds of M"". Valintine Hill, & so bounded with the backe Riuer & Oyster Riuer, w"" the Timber there, & likewise upon Douer necke, aboue the aforesaid Creeke ouer to the fore Riuer from the Eastermost branch of the said Creeke w"" the Timber there, Exceptinge what Timber is granted to Cap- taine Wiggins & M' Walderne. And in Consideration thereof the said Joseph Austin, his Heires & Assignes shall pay unto the Towne of Douer the summ of six pounds p yeare, as longe as Hee or they shall hold the Propriety of the Grant : The Rent is to be paid in board or Plancke at price currant : Prouided the Inhabitants haue Liberty to cutt Timber in this Grant as in all others accordinge to the Order bear- inge Date w"" these Presents : And also if in case Hee shall make use of Any Trees aboue foure & twenty intches through for Masts, Hee shall pay to the Towne tenn shillings for euery such Mast. Little John's Creek crosses the road to Dover Neck, and is now very small as to power. Wadldgh's Falls. — At A Generall towne Meeting held at Dover the ; 3 : 3 : 1669 Giuen and granted unto Robert Wadleigh An ac- commodations for the erecting and setting up of a Sawmill or Mills at the oppermost falls uppon Lamp- erele riuer, Comonly called by the name of y'lleland falls : w"" an accommedation of timber there vnto be- longing y" bounds of the timber' are as followeth : y' is to : say all y° timber on y"^ south side aboue the s^ falls as farr as y"' towne bounds doth goe, and on the north side all y° Timber that is within one Mile of the Riuer aboue y'' sd falls as farr as the towne bounds doth goe, with one hundred acres of land on y= south side of y'^ s'' Riuer and twenty acres of Land on the north side of the riuer Adjacent unto the said falls one both sides : all which falls timber and Land is granted unto y° s* Wadleigh and his heires executors Adrainist': and assignes prouided it doth notltrench, upon any former grant either in pt : or the whole. In Consideration of the s"" grant of falls Timber and land ; the s* Rob : Wadleigh doth Ingage himselfe his heires execut" and Adminisf to pay or cause to be payed vnto the Towne of douer the some of tenn : pounds: peran : in Marohauta: pine bords at price Currant at the ordinary Landing place by Lamperele riuer lower falls ; as long as he or they doe keepe pos- session thereof w"" paym» : is to began the last of Au- gust next Insueing this Instant : to be made unto the selectmen of douer or theirs order, and farther it is agreed and ordered that if any p' : there of be taken away by any former grant then the towne is to abate of the rent proportionablely. And also the towne doth reserue free eagrasse and Regrasse for y" trans- portation of timber either by land or water: and the Inhabitants have y' same Liberty in this grant as they haue in other Mill grants. Thsss falls are still known by the name of their first owner, an ancestor of George Wadlsigh, now of Dover, and for many years editor of the Dover En- quirer. DOVER. 785 CHAPTER CXIV. DOVER.— ( Continued.) INDIAN WARS. FoETY years had passed away since Waldron set- tled at Cochecho ; in these the Indians and the colo- nists had lived in peace. This was now to be changed. Men should go to their fields armed, suspecting a foe behind every tree. Families should crowd into close garrison-houses for the long summers and roam in the forests only when the snows of winter protected them from savage attacks. They should worship in the same humble edifice where they had weekly met, but the house of God should be within a fortress, and sentinels should pace in its inclosure. In 1675 the colonists on Dover Point were able to defend themselves with comparative ease. The beauti- ful swell of land on which they dwelt was made a peninsula by the Bellamy, the Newichawaunock, and the Cochecho, which seeming at first glance to offer easy access by canoes was yet defended by the free- dom with which the eye could sweep the waters in every direction. The inhabitants were numerous also. This territory was seldom called upon to defend itself therefore, and it may be that it was guarded in later years by a separate treaty, which tradition (for the honor of our ancestors we hope untnaly) says was made by the inhabitants of Dover Neck. But at Cochecho the forty families which had gathered, some near, some remote, around the lower falls, constituted a frontier settlement. The forests above them stretched away to Canada, alive with In- dians, who knew every path in the forest, who were skilled in the use of fire-arms through the indiscreet bounties which Dover itself had ofiered, and who had many a cause for hatred to the whites. No in- habitant, however, deserted his home. They were, in- deed, partially prepared ; suspicions of Indian friend- ship had been raised some years previous; in 1667 the bulwark was raised around their plain house of worship, and doubtless the garrison-houses which were so common on the actual breaking out of war- fare were then erected. The first general war with the Indians commenced in 1675. For several years previous only the fear which the power of the whites excited and the in- fluence of a few old men had kept them quiet; love had little to do with it. The cordiality which had welcomed the settlers ended long previous ; in- creasing encroachments on Indian hunting-grounds to supply an increasing population excited their alarm ; the contempt openly expressed for the In- dians grated harshly upon their sensitive feelings ; the over-reaching habits of traders who acted upon the principle that it was a praiseworthy deed to cheat an Indian exasperated their sense of justice. While laws pretending to guard their rights were as inoper- SO ative as laws not sustained by public opinion must ever be, and cases of individual hardship and cruelty were not unknown, it is only wonderful how they were kept inactive so long. But they were brooding over real and fancied wrongs ; and when the impet- uous young men of Philip of Pokanoket forced him into a war in which he saw foreshadowed only the destruction of his people, it needs not the theory of a general conspiracy to account for the fires which blazed all along the frontier. Each town had its own ground for enmity, and the torch which the Wam- panoags applied to Swanzey was the signal for a hoped-for but scarcely planned war, which in twenty days was felt at the northeastern extremity of the colonies. As soon as the first blow was struck the Massachu- setts government prepared for general defense. The towns on the Pascataqua were especially exposed; their defense was confided to Walderne, who in 1675 was appointed commander of the militia of those towns with the rank of major, which was conferred upon him either then or just previous. All that could be done in this vicinity was to act entirely upon the defensive. The account, therefore, of the strife around the Pascataqua is but the history of a series of petty and irritating attacks which were made and ended in a night. The first bloodshed was at Oyster River, in Sep- tember, 1675, when the Indians " burned two houses belonging to two persons named Chesley, killed two men in a canoe, and carried away two captives" (both of whom made their escape soon after). One person (Goodman Robinson, of Exeter) was killed on the road from that place to Hampton, and one (Charles Ranlet) captured, but he soon escaped. A few days after the house of Richard Tozer, at Newicha- waunock, was attacked, where thirteen out of fifteen women and children were saved by the devotion of a young girl eighteen years old ; she saw the enemy coming, shut the door, and held it until they cut it to pieces with their hatchets; as they entered they struck her to the floor, left her for dead, and went in pursuit of the fugitives, whom the heroic girl had given an opportunity for escape ; she herself entirely recovered, yet the heroine's name at least ought to have been preserved. Some pursuit was attempted when some houses had been burned and some grain destroyed, but it met with no success; immediately afterwards five or six houses were burnt at Oyster River, and two persons (William Roberts and his son- in-law) were killed. In such a tantalizing kind of warfare the force under the command of Walderne could not be brought to bear effectively in any one point; chafed as he was, he was obliged to content himself with being always on the alert, and ready to give aid where it was needed. Some twenty young men, however, mainly of Dover, obtained permission of him to follow the trail of a party, but their at- tempt met with no success, except that they killed 786 HISTORY OF STKAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. two out of a party of five Indians whom they acci- dentally discovered near a deserted house. A letter dated 25th September, 1675, from Wal- derne, is of great historical value ; published in the New England Hist. Gen. Register. The whole country was now aroused; the labors of the farm and the forest were suspended, and the in- habitants were crowded into garrison-houses, the heavy timber walls of which gave them the aspect and security of fortresses. In this condition they did not forget their ancestry, and the 7th of October was a day of fasting and prayer. On the 16lh of October Salmon Falls was again attacked. Lieut. Roger Plaisted sent out seven men from his garrison to make discovery of the position of the enemy, all of whom were cut off. Venturing out the next day with twenty men to bury the dead, he himself was killed. Maj. Charles Frost, of Stur- geon Creek (who was under Walderne's command), came to Newichawannock the day following, but the enemy had retreated. His own house was soon after attacked, and was bravely defended. Frustrated in this attempt the Indians committed all possible de- vastation along the river until opposite Portsmouth, when they were dispersed by the firing of cannon, and were pursued with so much energy that tbey were forced to abandon their plunder to secure their own safety. These continued assaults kept the in- habitants in alarm ; but the severity of the following winter aided the colonists more than their defenses ; for the Indians, pinched by famine, were forced to sue for peace, and applied to JIaj. Walderne for his mediation. A peace was concluded at Cochecho with the whole body of Eastern Indians, 3d of July, 1676, Walderne, Shapleigh, and Daniel signing the treaty in behalf of the whites. A copy of this paper is printed in Drake's Book of the Indians, p. 699. But this peace was short-lived. The death of Philip in August, 1676, instead of ending the difficulties, as it was hoped ' it would, only increased them ; for some of his allies, j fearing their total extermination now that the Mas- sachusetts government, freed of its greatest enemy, could turn its attention entirely to them, fled to their [ brethren of Penacook, Ossipee, and Pequawket. The i Penacooks had not been engaged in the late disturb- i ances ; those of Ossipee and Pequawket had made ' peace. Some of the southern Indians also fled to the i Kennebec. It was for the interest of these refugees j to excite the tribes to renewed war, both for their own safety and to gratify their earnest desire of revenge ■ for their own defeat. Troubles were excited by these means, and the government, forced to engage again in hostilities, ordered two companies thither under the command of Capt. Joseph Syll and Capt. William Hathorne. Dover was in their line of march, and on the 6th of September they arrived at Cochecho. It was most unfortunate. There were gathered at Cochecho some four hundred Indians ; for though the war had again broken out on the Kennebec, there was peace on the Pascataqua. Of these, two hundred were refugees, who had fled thither for protection. All of them were on terms of j peace with Maj. Walderne, and considered them- I selves as perfectly safe. But the Massachusetts gov- j erument had ordered their troops to seize all southern Indians wherever they might be found. In obedience I to these orders Capts. Syll and Hathorne told Maj. Walderne that they must seize these Indians by force. I The major dissuaded them from this purpose, well knowing the bloodshed that would follow such an attempt, and contrived a stratagem to accomplish the purpose. He proposed to the Indians to have a sham fight the next day ; they agreed to it ; the Indians formed one party, and the troops of Walderne (in- cluding those under Capt. Frost, of Kittery), with the two companies, formed the other. In the midst of their fight the whites suddenly surrounded the whole body of Indians and made them prisoners, almost without exception, before the Indians were aware of the intended deception. The captives were disarmed immediately; the southern Indians present were sent to Boston, the others were set at liberty. Of those sent to Boston some five or six were hung for past ofienses, and the remainder sold into slavery. By those who recognize the necessity of unqualified military obedience this act is commended. This was the view of Maj. Walderne. It is said, and prob- ably with truth, that he was opposed to the affair, both on the ground of policy and of honor; hut the orders of the government were imperative, and he would not set the example of insubordination. He well knew that he was exposing ' himself to the hatred of a people who never forgave an injury, but he never feared an enemy. The Indians never forgave him; they did not understand why they should be punished for acts of open warfare com- mitted in the south when peace had been made at the north. They could not comprehend the policy which treated them as rebels who were born free ; and when some who were sold into slavery escaped and returned to the woods of the Cochecho, they hoarded up their vengeance until the bloody morning of the 28th of June, 1689. The companies of Capts. Syll and Hathorne passed on to the east, taking with them a reinforcement from Walderne's men. But the eastern settlements had been generally destroyed or deserted, and they re- turned from their fruitless expedition to Pascataqua. Some information led them to march to the Ossipee Ponds on the 1st of November, but finding no sign of an enemy, they returned to Newichawannock within nine days after their departure. The following letter will explain the state of affairs at the time of its date : " PORTSMO, 19, 8r, 1676. "Much Honed " Being upon occasion of ye Alarms lately reed fro ye Enemy mett togethr at Portsmo thought meet to give yor Honera our sense of Mattr in ys pt of ye Ckiuntry in ye best Mannr yt upon ye place in ys preent DOVER. 787 IIun-.Y wee aro able to get. How tilings are now at Wells and York wee know not but prsume yoreelves will be informed ere yt comes to yor | hand P ye Post sent fro ye Commandr in Chiefe well (as was nndrstood) went thro ye Towne ys Morning. Only thus inch wo liave learnt yt ye Enemy ie Numerous & about those pts having carried all clear before him so far as Wells. That hee is pceeding towards us & so on toward yorselyes ye Enemy intimates & ye thing itself speaks. Wbnt is meet to be now don is \\ th yorselves to eay ruthi^r tliiin for us to suggest, how- ever beeiug so deeply & uextly conserned humbly cniue leaue to offer to CoMsider[atioJn whether ye securing of wliat is left bee not or next Wnrk ratlier than ye Attempting to regain wt is lost, unle-^s there were atrenght enough to doe both. It seemes little available to endeaur ought in ye More Eastern places yt are already conquered, unless there bee several Ganisons made & kept wth prouision & Amminitien & what may be suitable for a Recruit upon all Occasions, wch to do (at least ys Winter) cannot yt ye pit)fit will amend for ye charge. Sure wee are yt orseJves (yt is ye County of Northfolk wch Douer & Portsmo,) are so far fiom being capeable of Spareing any fforcos for yt Expedition yt wee find orselnee su thinned & weakened by those yt aio out already yt there is nothing but ye singular Providence of God hath preuented our being utterly run down. The Enemy obserues or Motions & knows or strength (weakness rather) bettr yn wee are M'illing hee should & Pbably had been with us ere this had not ye Highest Power ruled him. And that Hauer-hill, Exettr, &.c are in like prdicament wth Doner &c seems ap- parent, & hence as incupeable of spareing Men. In true there is an Armj' out in Yorkshire wch will doubtless doe what may bee done, yet there is room enough for ye Enemy toslipp by them unobserved, & if so, what a Condition we are i u is evident. On r own men are not enough to maintain or own places, if any Assault bee made & yet many of ors are now on the other side of the Pascataq Kiuer. Wee expect an Onsett in one place or other euery dav & can expect no Reliefe fro those yt are so far fro home. If it should be thought meet yt all ye Men yt are come to us & other parts from ye deserted & unguarded Eastern Coun- try should bee ordered to ye Places yt are left on theyr own side of ye Riuer, yt so ors may bee recalled to they r seuerall Towns, it might possi- ble bee not unavailable to ye End. Especially if with all some Indians might bee ordered to those parts to bee upon a perpetnall Scout from place to place. Wee desifin not a lessening or discoiiragt of ye Army who rather need strengtheng & Incouragmt, for we verily think yt if by ye good Hand of Providence ye Army had not been there, all ye Partsou ye other J-ide of ye Riner had been posaest by the Enemy & perhaps or- selves too eie ys Time. But what we aim at is that ourselves also may bee put into a Capacity to defend orselues. Wee are apt to fear we have been too bold wth your Honors, but wee are sure our Intentions are good, & or Condition very bad except ye Lord of Hosts appear for us epcdily, & wee would be fuund in ye Use of Meanes, commending or Case to him yt is able to protect in ye Use of Meanes, commending in order thereunto, & Remain " Mch Honrd yor HnmUle Sornts " Richard Waldern "JoliTi Cutt "Tho: Daniel " Robert Pike "Richard Martyn " Wm Vaughan." It has been said already that two hundred of the Indians captured on the 7th of September were sent to Boston for trial. The following letter relates to this matter ; " Dover, lOth September 1676. " Much Hond "The Indus being now on board & Comeing towards you, Wee yt haue been Soe far Impr about yme Thought it conuenient to Inform how ffar they haue kept the Pease Made wth us & who of those are concerned therein vizt Penicooks, Wonolonsets, Waymesists & Pie- cataq Indus there being not any belonging further Eastwd come in nor any other of those belonging to ye South Side of Mirimack euerlncludedinour Pease.— those of yniyt had made ye Pease comeing in to Comply with yt, the others to get Shelter under ym but yet they should be all treated alike as here they were wee humbly Conceive no Reason wee not being able to charge those yt had made ye Pease with any breach of Articles Saue only yt of entertaining our Southern Ene- mies but by yt meanes we came to surprise Soe many of ym. There fire Seueral of Piscataq Indus here who before ye Pease had been very Active Against us but since haue all liu'd quietly & Attended Order but yor Pleasures being to haue all seot down to determine their Case at Boston, hath been Attended keeping here about 10 young men of ym to Seme in ye Army wth their families & Some old men & theirs wth Wo- nolansets Rflations. Yesterday came in 2 Squawes informing yt one eyd Jno &. Jethro were designing ye Surprizing of Canonicus & bring- ing in desireing Some of our old Men to come to Aduise with him about it, I forthwith sent out there to fi"urther yo design. Wee haue Informa- tion from Jewel's Island yt the former newes is not Soe bad being not abfjue 10 in all kiU'd and wounded being unexpectedly Surprized, if yr be Any obs[t]ructions in ye ffurther Prosecution of ye enemy now by ye our people will quickly desert their Country Shall Add no more at Present, "but Remain in much Hour, Yor Humble Servants, "Richard Waldern " Nic Shapleigh "Tho Daniel." Another letter throws light upon the fate of the captured Indians : " CocHECno, 2 9 her 1676. " Majr Gookin "Hond Sir, I reed yors of 25th 8 ber concerning Some Indue wch you Say it is Alleged I prumi8e[d] life & liberty to. time Prmits mee not at present to enlarge but for Answer in Short yon may Please to know I Promised neither Peter Jethro nor any other of yt Compa life or lib- erty it was not in my Power to doe it. all yt I ijromise[dJ was to Peter Jethro vizt: That if he would use his Endeauor & be Instrumental In ye bringing in one oy'd Juo &c I would acquain ye Gouenr with wh Seruice he had doue & Improue my Interest in bis behalfe that I Ac- quainted ye Honrd Council ^it if it had been their Pleasure to haue Saued more of ym it would not haue trouble mee. as to ye Squaw you Mention belonging to one of Capt Hunting's souldiers there was S[uch] a one left of ye first great Compa of Indns (sent?) down wch Capt Hunt- ing desired might stay here till himselfe & her husband Came back from Eastward wch I consented to, and how She came among yt Compa I know not I requiring none to geo yr to Boston but those that came in after ye Annies departure neither Knew I a word of it at Boston wn I disposed ym Soe yt twas her own fault in not Acquainting mee with it but if Said Sipiaw be not Sent off" I shnll be freely Willing to re-imburse those Gent wi they Gave mee for her yt She may be Sett at liberty being wholy Innocent as to wt I'me Charg'd with I intend ere long to beat Boston wn I doubt not but Shall giue you full Satisfaction there about. ' I am Sr Yor humble Serut " Richard Waldern." The war was ended for a time by a treaty between the whites and Penobscots, concluded on the 6th of September, Mogg having been deputed to act for the Indians, and agreeing to articles of peace at Boston, whither he had been sent from Pascataqua. These articles were afterwards ratified by Madokawando. Vessels were therefore sent to the Penobscot, to pro- cure the release of captives, Mogg being still retained as a hostage. Some few captives were obtained, but Mogg escaped, and his treacherous purposes were soon displayed. It was soon after discovered also that Narragansett Indians were still scattered among those of the east; three of them were decoyed into the wigwams of Cochecho and were slain, the cut of their hair betraying them. Such circumstances con- vinced the colonists that the peace would be of very short continuance, and it was judged proper for the whites to strike the first blow. The Bay government determined upon a winter expedition. Four hundred men were equipped (including sixty Natick Indians), and were dispatched for the eastward, under the command of Maj. Walderne, the expedition sailing in the first week of February, 1677, after a day of fasting and prayer. Here follows his instructions : "■^ InstTuclions for Major Rich. Waldern. " You shall repaire to Blacke point with the 60 souldiera under capt 788 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. frost that you are authorized by ye council to raise in Dover Portsmouth & yorlisliire, by the 8 of febr. where you are to take under your comand the other forces from Boston & Salem under the comand of Capt. Hunt- ing & Leiftenaut Fislie & other officers, from whence with all expedition with the aduice of your Comanders you shall ad- uance towards the enemy at Kinnebeck or elsewhere, & according to the proposed designe, endeauorwith all silence & secrecy to surprise tliem in their quarters, wherein if it please God o succeed you, you shall do your utmost endeauor to save & rescue the English prisoners. "If you fail in this designe you shall assay by alia means in your power to disturb & destroy the enemy, unless you have such overtures from them as may give some competent assurance that an honorable & safe peace may be concluded with them. — wherein yuu must avoyd all trifling & delayes & with all possible speed make a dispatch of the affaire not trusting them without first deliuery of all the Captiues and vessels in their hands. " If you should, in conclusion, find it necessary to leaue a garrison in Kinnebeck wee must leaue it to your discretion. "You shall use utmost expedition as winds & other advantages will permit, lest ye season be lost and charges seem without profit. "Praying God to be with you past " E. [dward] II [awson], S[ec.J, "24 January 1676[-7.] "F. L. G. with the consent of the Council. " To Major Kichard Walden. " whereas you are apoynted Cor in Chief of the forces Now to be raised agt the enemy the in the East for the all haue or- dered the rendezvous of the sd forces at Black point the 8 of febr. next hereby ordered & authorized you to take under your Comand & conduct the sd forces wch you are to require to obey & attend your orders & Comands as their Comander in Chief, & you to leade conduct & order the sd forces for the best seruice of the country against the Comon enemy whom you are to endeavor to surprise kill & destroy by all means in your power & al souldiers officers & under you are required to yield obedience endeavor to recover the English prisoners from out of their possession, you are also to govern the force under your Comand according to the laws enacted by the Genrall Ct, to attend all such orders & comands as you shall receive from time to time from the generall Court Councill or other Superior authority. " Given in 29 Jan. 1076-7. past. E. E. S." This expedition proved fruitless. But few events in it are wortliy of remembrance. A parley at Casco was attended with no important result. Another parley was held at the mouth of the Kennebec. It was mutually agreed to lay aside arms and negotiate for the ransOQi of prisoners. The Indians demanded twelve beaver-skins for each, with some good liquor, but only three captives could be obtained. Another parley was proposed, when Walderne, Frost, and three others landed under a mutual promise that no weapons should be worn on either side. But Wal- derne espied the point of a lance under a board, and searching further found other weapons, and taking and brandishing one towards them, exclaimed, "Per- fidious wretches ! you intended to get our goods and then kill us, did you?" They were thunderstruck yet one more daring than the rest seized the weapon and strove to wrest it from Walderne's hand. Capt. Frost laid hold of Megunnaway, one of the barbarous murderers of Thomas Brackett and neighbors, and dragged him into his vessel. Meanwhile an athletic squaw caught up a bundle of guns and ran for the woods. At that instant a reinforcement arrived from the vessels, when the Indians scattered in all direc- tions, pursued by the soldiers. In this affray Saga- more Maltahouse and an old Powow and five other Indians were killed, five were capsized in a canoe and drowned, and five others were captured. One thousand pounds of beef were taken, and some other booty. Megunnaway was shot. Two more Indians were killed at Arrowsick Island. The expedition re- I turned to Boston on the 11th of March without the loss of a man. j After this expedition was ended the major returned I home and busied himself with the duties of his charge I there. Though the war continued a year longer, but little took place about Dover. But one instance of j alarm is recorded as having occurred in its immedi- 1 ate vicinity during the year. Some time in March the presence of hostile Indians in the woods near j Cochecho was discovered, and Walderne sent out ; eight of his Indians, of whom Blind Will was one, to obtain information. These were all surprised by j a company of Mohawks, who, nominally in alliance j with the English, spared neither friend nor foe. Two I or three of the scouting party escaped; the others were killed or taken; Blind Will was dragged away j by his hair, and being wounded, perished on a neck of land formed at the junction of the Isinglass and Cochecho Elvers, which was long called " Blind AVill's Keck." It was first thought that the death of Blind Will was fortunate, but the result proved otherwise, for the friendly Indians became suspicious that the Mohawks were engaged to destroy rather than assist them. Whittier's poem of " Blind Will" was based upon this occurrence. The following letter gives us some further infor- mation : " CocHECHA, 18 : April 1677. " May it Please yor honor : " I have lately Keod Some lines from Majr Gookin intimatingan order of ye honrdOonncil fur ye Sending mee 10 Indus to releive & Strengthen ys pts, wch ffauour I gratefully Acknowledge but ot the Said 10 are but 2 come from Cambridge & 3 from Ipswch 2 ye latter being old & unfltt for Seruise wch must dismisse again to Sane Charges. "3Iajr Gookin hints yt ye Inrtns Anersion to comeing hither is not without Some Keasons of weight without telling mee what they are but am since better Informed of their Complaints from ye Secretary, vizt, of my Improueing them to labour about my own ocations without any Allowance & their dissatisfaction with my Prouisious. (for ye fformer I did Employ Some of ym, 6 or 6 days but pd ym for it to their full sat- islactiun. Indeed wn I Sent out men to Cut wood flbr ye fflre they Went out with ym as our English Souldiers use to doe to prouide wood to make ymselves a fire. I think some of ym in my Absence were ordred 2 or three dayes to Cntt bushes on ye Side of ye Comon Eoad wihout wch no Post or other could Passe without danger of being cutt of by t r an unseen " As to their Prouision know not why they should [complain] nnlesse because I did notkeepa Jlaid to dresse their Victuals for \ m but ordered ym to do it ymselves. I did not disconer any Kind of dissatisfaction till Peter Ephraim came & after yt nothing wd content ym but they must goe home. Wn I had ye 1st intimation of three ludns Seen up Mirri- macklhad ordred 20 forthwtl! to haue gone out but thiough the Sd Peter's means they were grown Soe high 4 ungouernablo was fforc't to dismisse them. "Since my last we haue been & are almost daily Alarmed by ye En- emy. An Acct of ye Mischeif done Presume yor hours haue already had "11th inst. 2 men more kiU'd at Wells. 12th 2 men, one woman A 4 children kill'd at York & 2 houses burnt. 13lh, abouee burnt at Kittci-y i- 2 old people taken Captiue by Simon & 3 more but they gaue ym ther liberty again without any damage to their psons. Uth, a house sur- pnz'd on South Side Piscatay & 2 young women carried away thence. 16th, a man kill'd at Greenland and his house burnt, another Sett on fire but ye Enemy was beaten off & ye ffire put out by Some of our men who DOVER. 789 then recouer'd nlsoe one of ye young women taken 2 days before who ets there was but 4 Indns: they run ScuUdng about in small pties like Wolves, we have had pties of men after ym in all qrters vvch hatie Sometimes KecouerM Something tliey haue Stolen, but Can't certainly Say they have kil'd any of ym: Capt ffrost is after ym in Yorkshire. ■ fi-om Black point yon will haue ye Intelligence of ye Enemies March, ifrom Capt Scottow, to whom haue Sent Some letters from I add noe more at prseut but Comeud you to God's Protection who hath hith- erto & is able still to be our or Guard. "resting Sr Tor Very humble Serut " Richard Walubrn." In the spring of the year 1678 a peace was con- cluded at Casco, Maj. Shapleigh, of Kittery, Capt. Francis Champernoon and Mr. Fryer, of Portsmouth, acting for the whites. The following paper has ref- erence to this matter : " For Major Waldeme & Major Pendleton. " from your selves by seueral letters we have receiued Information of Squando & the other Indians case their Desire further to hear the Eng- lish of . . . parts for a firm peace & that Major Shapleigh & C. Cham- pernoon are Desired to Aduance in that matter as most acceptable to the Indians, if tliemselves or any other persons be Judged Salable by your selves for such an occasion be obtayned to hear them they may in the name of the Gouernor & Council promise them a Safe Conduct comeing and returning hither in way of treaty whether anything Concluded or no as they formerly Haue if otherwise they may take the Indians De- mands of which ourselves hear may Consider & give Answer. In the Mean time advising as ye Spring cometh on to be upon your watch and guard your own Security. "not else but Remaine S. . . . "your friend & Seruant " Edwd Rawson Secret A . . . "... of the Council. " 9th of March 77." By the terms of this treaty the captives were re- stored and the deserted settlements permitted to be reoccupied, the whites paying one peck of corn an- nually for each family as an acknowledgment to the Indians for the possession of the lands. Thus a tedious and distressing war was ended by a disgrace- ful peace. But it allowed the people of Dover to cul- tivate their lands and use their mills in safety. For eleven years there was profound peace upon the Pascataqua and its branches. At Cochecho the former habits of trade were revived and whites and Indians mingled freely. Means of safety were not neglected however. Seven garrison-houses were still preserved, into which the neighboring families gathered at night. Walderne's, Heard's, Otis', and Paine's stood upon the north side of the river; those of the Coffins, father and son, and Gerrish's were upon the south. The sites of these several garrisons were as follows : Walderne's, a little north of the river, on the lot (open in 1882) now bounded by First, Second, and Central Streets. Otis's was on the brow west of Franklin Street, perhaps three hundred feet from that street, and on the southerly edge of Milk Street. Heard's was in the open space adjoining the Bangs mansion on the south. ,The elder Coffin's was on high land (now cat down) exactly back of Varney's Block, and about sixty feet from the line of Central Street. The younger Coffin's is not known, but it is supposed to have been near the residence of the late Governor i Martin. Paine's was on the east side of Portland Street, the site being partly on the house lot of the late James B. Varney. Gerrish's is not known, but must have been near Bellany Falls, where the Ger- rishes had mills. Paine's and Gerrish's garrisons do not appear to have been molested, and we know of their existence principally from allusions in letters. The timber walls around all were impregnable by open attacks, and their gates were well secured by bolts and bars. The Indians who were captured at the sham fight in 1677 had never forgiven Walderne for his share in that event. Some of them who had been destined to slavery, after finding no purchasers among the nations to whom they were offered, and after having been left at Tangier, had succeeded in returning home. These had cherished a relentless thirst for revenge. The Pennacooks, it is true, had no such reasons for hos- tility, for though their sachem and a hundred others were captured on that occasion, they were immedi- ately released, but they regarded his conduct as a breach of faith worthy of punishment. The memory of old wrongs also was revived, and when Kanka- magus, who imagined himself ill treated, had fled in 1686 to the Androscoggin for safety from the Mo- hawks, who, nominally allies to the whites, yet spared neither friend nor foe, his dissatisfaction was doubt- less strengthened by the emissaries of Baron de St. Castin, the Frenchman who lived in half-feudal state on the banks of the Penobscot. Wanalanset, son of the venerable Passaconaway, had always remembered his father's dying charge to live at peace with the whites, but Kankamagus, sachem of the Pennacooks, formed a league with the Pequawkets and the rem- nant of the fugitives to gratify their desire for re- venge, and aided by Mesandowit, a sachem second in authority to himself, prepared for an attack upon Cochecho. Without the knowledge of any preconcerted plan, the people of Dover, in June, became suspicious of Indian friendship. Larger numbers of Indians seemed gathering than was usual for purposes of trade. Many strange faces were among them, whose scrutiny of the defenses of the place excited notice. Walderne, however, could not be convinced of danger. Some of the people came to him with their fears. "Go plant your pumpkins," said he merrily; "I will tell you when the Indians will break out." A day or two previous to the time decided upon some squaws endeavored to alarm the whites by vague intimations of danger. Thus one of them repeatedly recited the words, — " Major V^alderne, you great sagamore, What will you do, Indians at your door;" but she was not understood until the transactions themselves had given only too vivid a meaning to her words. On the evening of the 27th a young man told him that the town was full of Indians, and that the people, were much alarmed. "I know the 790 HISTOllY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Indians very well, and there is no danger," was the reply. Long experience had made him presumptu- ous. But though Maj. Walderne was so fatally con- fident, information of the expected attack had already been sent to the Massachusetts government by Maj. Henchman, of Chelmsford, in a letter of which the following is a copy : " HonM Sir — This day, two Indiana came from Pennacook, viz, ; Job Mararaaaquand and Peter Muckaniug, wtio report tbat damage will un- doubtedly be done within a few days at Piscataqua, and that Major Waldron, in particular is threatened, and that Tulimatt fears that mis- chief will quickly be done at Dunstable. The Indians can give a more particular account to your honor. They say, if damage be done, the blame shall not be on them, having j^iven a faithful account of what they hear; and are upon that report moved to leave their habitation and corn at Pennacook. Sir, I was very loth to trouble you and to ex- pose myself to the censure and derision of some of the confident people, tbat would pretend to make sport with what I send down by Capt. Tom (alias Thomas Ukqucakussennum.) " I am constrained from a sense of my dutj', and from love to my coun- trymen, to give the information as above. So with my humble service to your honor, and prayers for the safety of an endangered people — " I am, sir, your bumble servant, " Tho : HlNCHMAN. " June 22, [1689.]" Mr. Danforth communicated the information to Governor Bradstreet, who, with the Council, ordered a messenger to Cochecho with the following : " Boston 27o June: 1689. " Honord Sir. "The Governor and Council haveing this day received a Letter from Major Henchman of Chelmsford, that some Indians are come into them ; who report that there is a gathering of some Indians in or about Pen- ecooke with designe of mischief to English, amongst the said Indians one Hawkins [Kankamagus] is said to be a principle designer, and tliat they have a particular designe against yourselfe and Mr Peter Coffin which the CSuncil thought it necessary presently to dispatch Advice Thereof to give you notice that you take care of your own Safeguard, they intending to endeavor to betray you on a pretention of Trade. Please forthwith to Signify the import hereof to Mr. Coffin and others as you shall thinke necessary, and Advise of what Information you may receive at any time of the Indians motions. " By Order in Councill "ISA: Addington, Secrjj. " For Major Kich'd Waldron and Mr Peter Coffin or Either of them. "At Cochecha *' These with all possible [speed.]"' The original of this letter is still preserved, and is the property of Rev. Edmund Q. S. Waldron, Catholic priest, of Maryland, a descendant of Major Walderne. The messenger hastened towards Cochecho ; he would have been in season, but he was unavoidably detained at Newbury ferry, and he reached the place only on the morning of the 28th, when it was too late. On the evening of the 27th of June, 1689, two squaws, according to the previously-arranged plan, applied at each garrison-house for liberty to sleep in them ; this was often done in time of peace, and they were readily admitted into Walderne's, Heard's, the elder Coffin's, and Otis's. At their own request they were shown how to open the doors and gates in case they wished to leave the house in the night. They told the major that a number of Indians were coming to trade with him the next day, and Mesandowit, who was at supper, said, "Brother Walderne, what would you do if the strange Indians should come?" "I could assemble a hundred men by lifting up my fin- ger," carelessly answered the major. No watch was kept, and the family retired to rest. In the hours of deepest quiet the gates were opened ; the Indians who were waiting without immediately entered, placed a guard at the gate, and rushed into the major's apartment. Awakened by the noise, he sprang from his bed, seized a sword, and, though eighty years old, drove them through two or three rooms, but returning for other arms they came behind him, stunned him with a hatchet, and overpowered him; drawing him into the hall they then placed him in an elbow-chair on a long table with a derisive cry, " Who shall judge Indians now ?" They then obliged the members of the family to get them some supper; when they had finished eating, they cut the major across the breast with knives, each one with a stroke saying, " I cross out my account." Cutting off his nose and ears they thrust them into his mouth, and when he was falling down, spent with the loss of blood, one of them held his own sword beneath him; he fell upon it and his sufferings were ended. After the death of Maj. Walderne and the removal of the family by the Indians the house was burnt. Otis' garrison w.is captured in a similar manner to Walderne's ; the owner, Richard Otis, was killed either in rising up in bed or on looking out the window ; his son Stephen and daughter Hannah were killed, the latter, a child of two years, having her head dashed against the stairs ; the wife and infant child of Richard Otis and two children of Stephen Otis (Stephen and Nathaniel), were carried captives to Canada. Three other daughters of Richard were car- ried away, but were recaptured in Conway. Heard's garrison was saved ; the door had been opened and the Indians were entering, when Elder William Went- worth, who had been awakened by the barking of a dog, pushed them out, shut the door, and falling on bis back, held it until the people came to his assistance ; two bullets pa.ssed through the door but both missed him. The elder Coffin's house was similarly captured, but as the Indians had no particular enmity to him, they contented themselves with pillaging his house; finding a bag of money, they forced him to scatter it by handfuls while they amused themselves by scramb- ling for it. His son had refused to receive the squaws on the previous evening, but the Indians coming to his hou^e, threatened to kill his father before his eyas unless he surrendered; to save his father's life he did so; these captives were placed in an empty dwelling, but in the confusion they escaped. Of Paine's gar- rison in its connection with this attack we know nothing ; Gerrish's escaped. Five or six houses were burnt, as were the mills upon the lower falls. Twenty-three persons were killed, and twenty-nine carried away captive. Their names are preserved only in part. Of the sufferers, Mr. Lee was Abraham Lee (or DOVER. 791 Leigh), husband of Maj. Walderne's daughter Esther ; Mr. Evans was certainly not the emigrant Robert, but probably John, who had deed of land at Co- checho, from Waldron, March 16, 1672-73 ; Richard Otis, owner of Otis' garrison ; his daughter Hannah, a child of two years, was also killed ; Jo. Dug was probably John, though no other reference to him is found; Jo. Duncan, perhaps John; William Arin, sometimes written Vrin, and perhaps same as Verin, a New Hampshire name ; William Horn was the first of the family in Dover, and left descendants ; old widow Hanson was Mary, widow of Thomas. This leaves eight unknown. Of the captives, John Church (erroneously given as " Joseph Chase" in the N. H. Collections) escaped be- fore the Indians reached Winnepesaukee ; Mrs. Leigh was ransomed in September following ; Capt. Benjamin Church met her returning at Falmouth. (See Maine Hist. Coll., i. 293, and Dexter's " Church's Eastern Expeditions," 19) ; Tobias Hanson's wife; he was son of the "old widow" above; Otis' wife was Grizel (Warren), wife of the Richard above; she remained in Canada, married there, and died there at an ad- vanced age. Sarah Gerrish was daughter of Capt. John Gerrish, and granddaughter of Maj. Walderne. ( A.S to her mother there is some doubt. It is said that Capt. John Gerri.sh married Elizabeth Walderne, who was born Oct. 8, 1666 ; but in a conveyance of 1668 Walderne calls Gerrish his " son-in-law.") Sarah was exchanged late in 1690, on the occasion of Phips' expedition to Quebec. "Another girl of nine or ten years of age, who was somewhat well-looking, had been ransomed by the intendant's lady, who felt con- siderable pain at her surrender, yet nevertheless sub- mitted for the public good." (Narrative, 1690, in N. Y. Coll. Doc, ix. 984; also Frontenac's report, same, p. 461.) " And in order to have our Priest, who would never have been restored had not Sieur de la ValliSre induced this General's [Phips] principal Chaplain to come to negotiate with him, and declared to him that they would carry him to Quebec if they refused to exchange Sieur Trouve [the priest] for a little girl whom the intendant's lady had bought of the Indians, and whom she offered to give up." This was Sarah Gerrish. Besides those mentioned above there were captured Christin6 Otis, youngest child of the first Richard, for whom see N. E. Hist, and Gen. Reg., v. 189, and its references ; Rose Otis, doubtless the Rose daughter of the second Richard; John Otis, "a boy," still a prisoner in 1695, and not traced later ; Stephen Otis (rebaptized in Canada as "Joseph Marie"), and Na- thaniel Otis (rebaptized as " Paul"), sons of Stephen, both of whom remained in Canada, were living in 1710 as " Hotesse," and one was then married ; John Evans, " a young man from Cochecho," mentioned in " Indian Captivities," 86. Eighteen are thus left un- known. Some of them are doubtless in the list of captives in Quebec in 1695, Mass. Archives, A. 38, page 1 ; but as the residences there given are often incorrect, it is impossible to distinguish. An incident which relieves the sickening character of the details should be recorded. We give it in the peculiar language of Cotton Mather: " Mrs. Elizabeth Heard, a Widow of a good Estate, a Mother of many Children, and a Daughter of Mr. Hull, a Reverend Minister formerly Living at Pis- cataqua, now lived at Quochecho ; happening to be at Portsmouth on the day before Quochecho was cut off, she returned thither in the Night with one Daughter and Three Sons, all Masters of Families. When they came near Quochecho they were astonished with a Prodigious Noise of Indians, Howling, Shooting, Shouting and Roaring, according to their manners in making an Assault. "Their Distress for their Families carried them still farther up the River, till they secretly and si- lently passed by some Numbers of the Raging Sav- ages. They landed about an Hundred Rods from Major Waldern's Garrision ; and running up the Hill, they saw many Lights in the Windows of the Garrison, which they concluded the English within had set up for the Direction of those who might seek a Refuge there. Coming to the Gate they desired Entrance, which not being readily granted, they called earnestly, and bounced and knocked and cried out of their unkindness within, that they would not open to them in this Extremity. No answer being yet made, they began to doubt whether all was well ; and one of the young Men then climbing up the Wall, saw a horrible Tawny in the Entry, with a Gun in his hand. A grevious Consternation seized now upon them ; and Mrs. Heard, sitting down without the Gate through Despair and Faintness, unable to stir any farther, charged her Children to shift for themselves, for she must unavoidably there end her days. They finding it impossible to carry her with them, with heavy Hearts forsook her, but then com- ing better to herself, she fled and hid among the Bar- berry-Bushes in the Garden. And then hastening from thence because the Daylight advanced, she shel- tered herself (though seen by Two of the Indians) in a Thicket of other Bushes, about Thirty Rods from the House. Here she had not been long before an Indian came towards her, with a Pistol in his Hand. The Indian came up to her, and stared her in the Face, but said nothing to her, nor she to him. He went a little way back and came again, and stared upon her as before, but said nothing : whereupon she asked, what he would have? He still said nothing, but went away to the House Co-hooping, and re- turned to her no more. Being thus unaccountably preserved, she made several Essays to pass the River, but found herself unable to do it : and finding all Places on that side the River filled with Blood and Fire and Hideous Outcries, thereupon she returned to her old Bush, and there poured out her ardent Prayers to God for help in this Distress. She con- 792 HISTOKY OF STRAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. tiaued iu the Bush until the Garrison was Burnt, and the Enemy was gone ; and then she stole along by the Kiver side until she came to a Boom, where she passed over. Many sad Effects of Cruelty she saw left by the Indians in her way ; until arriving at Cap- tain Gerrish's Garrison, she there found a Eefuge from the Storm ; and here she soon had the Satisfac- tion to understand that her own Garrison, though one of the first that was assaulted, had been bravely Defended and Maintained against the Adversary. This gentle woman's Garrison was the most extreme Frontier of the Province, and more Obnoxious than any other, and more uncapable of Belief ; neverthe- less, by her Presence and Courage, it held out all the War, ever for Ten Years together; and the Persons in it have enjoyed very Eminent Preservations. The garrison had been deserted, if she had accepted Offers that were made her by her Friends of Living in more safety at Portsmouth; which would have been a Damage to the Town and Land. But by her En- couragement this Post was thus kept; and she is yet Living [1698] in much Esteem among her Neighbors." | The fact most to our purpose in this connection the j chronicler, perhaps from ignorance, omitted. It is this : When the four hundred Indians were captured at Cochecho. in 1676, one, a young man, escaped and took refuge with Mrs. Heard. She concealed him, and he afterwards escaped. This Indian, she sup- posed, was the one who gazed at her so earnestly in her dangerous hiding-place on the morning of the attack. While this attack is usually attributed to revenge for the seizures of Indians at Cochecho by Waldron and Frost in 1676, in obedience to orders from the Massachusetts government, Belknap, however, refers to " Popish emissaries." In a paper of January, 1690 (N. Y. Col. Doc, ix. 440), M. de Denonville, Gov- ernor of Canada, says, "The good understanding I have maintained with these Indians through the care of the Jesuits, especially the two fathers Bigot, brothers, contributed to the success of all their at- tacks this summer on the English,'' etc. On the morning after the massacre the people poured in from all parts of the town, but the enemy had vanished. Pursuit was made, which resulted in the recapture of three daughters of Richard Otis, who were overtaken near the present town of Conway ; no other good was accomplished, for the suddenness of the attack and the celerity of the departure alike baffled all efforts. Further attacks were, however, ex- pected, and information was immediately sent to Portsmouth to the son of Maj. Walderne, a resident of that town, who dispatched a messenger to Salis- bury with the following letter: " PORTSMOUTU, 28th June, 1689, " about 8 o'clock, morning. " Juat now CHme ashore here from Cocheca, John Ham and his wife, who went hence last night homeward [with Mrs. Heard] (they living with- in a mile of Major Walderne), and about break of day going up the river in a canoe they heard guns fired, but notwithstanding proceeded to land at Major Walderne's landing-place, by which time it began to be light, and they saw about twenty Indians near Mr. Coffin's garrison, shooting and shouting, as many more about Richard Otis's and Thomas Pain's, but saw their way to Major Walderne's, where they intended immediately to secure themselves ; but coming to the gate and calling and knocking, could receive no answer, yet saw alight in one of the chambers and one of them say (looking through a crack of the gate) that he saw sundry Indians within the garrison, which supposed had murthered Major Wal- derne and his family ; and thereupon they betook themselves to make an escape, which they did, and met one of Otis's sons, who also escaped from his father's garrison, informing that his latlier and the rest of the family were killed. Quickly after they set sundry houses on flre. This is all the account we have at present, which, being given in a surprise, may admit of some alterations ; but doubtless the most of those at or about Cocheca are destroyed. " The above account waa related to me. "RicnAiiD Walderne, Jr." Accompanying the preceding was the following: " Portsmouth, 28th June, 1689. " Major Robert Pike, *' Honoured Sir, "Herewith send you an account of the Indians surprising Cocheca this morning, which we pray you immediately to post away to the hon- ourable the governor and council in Boston, and forward our present assistance, wherein tlie whole country is immediately concerneil. "We are, sir your most humble servants, " Richard Martyn, " Wm. Vaughn, " Richard Wulderne, Jr., " Tho. Grafton, "Samuel Wentworth, "Ben. Hull. '*Tu the Honourable Major Robert Pike,-, ^^ at Salisbury;— Haste, post haste. / It was received by Maj. Pike, who forwarded the papers immediately to the Governor at Boston, with the following addition : " Salisbury, June 28, 1G89, about noon. "Much Honoured, " After due respect, these are only to give your honours tho sad ac- count of the last nights providence at Cocheca, as by the enclosed, the particulars whereof are awful. The only wise God, who is the keeper that neither slumliereth nor sleepeth, is pleased to permit what is done. Possibly it may be cither better or worse than this account renders it. As soon !i8 I get more intelligence, shall, God willing, speed it to your honours, |)raying your speedy order or advice in so solemn a case. I have despatched the intelligence to other towns, with advice to look to yourselves. Shall not be wanting to serve in what I may. yliould have waited on your honours now, had I been well. Shall not now come ex- cept by you commanded, till this bustle be abated. Thjit the only wise God may direct all your weighty affairs, is the prayer of your honours' most humble servant, " Robert Pike. "To the much Honoured Symon Bradstreet, Esq., Governour, and the Honoured Council now sitting at Boston, these present with all speed. Haste, post haste." This paper is indorsed, — " Received about 12 at night, upon Friday the 28th June." The following answer was returned to Portsmouth : " Boston, 29th June, 1689. " Gentlemen, — The sad account given by yourselves of the awful hand of God, in permitting the heathen to make such desolations upon Co- checa, and destruction of the inhabitants thereof, being forwarded by the hand of Major Robert Pike, arrived the last night about twelve o'clock; notice thereof was immediately despatched to our out towns, that so they may provide for their security and defence ; and the narra- tive you give of the matter wa-s laid before the whole Convention this morning, who are concerned for you as friends and neighbors, and look at the whole to be involved in this unhappy conjuncture and trouble given by the heathen, and are very ready to yield you all assistance as DOVER. 793 they may be capable, and do think it necessary that (if it be not done already) you would full into some form or conMtltntiou for the exercise of government, so I'lir aa nmy bo necessary (or your niifL^ty and conveni- ence of your peace, and to intend such further acts as the prosont emer- genclcB require — this Convention not thinking it n)eet, under their present circumstancee, to exert any authority witbin your Province. Praying God to direct in all the arduous affaii-s tlie poor people of tliis country have at present to engage in, and to rebuke nil our uncmica, de- siring you would givt' US advice from time to time of the occurrences with you. " Gentlemen, your humble servant, "Isaac ADPtNCToN, SecV//. *' Per order nf the. Omvenliou. *' Dated as above said. " Voted by the Representativchi in the affirmative. "Attest, Erenezkr Trout, Cla-h. " Consented to by tlie Governor and Council, '.iOth June, IGSl), "Isaac Addington, ScoVy. " For Messrs. Richard Martyn, Wm. Yaughan, Ricliard Waldron, &c. at Portsmouth, thctie with all speed. This paper is indorsed,— "Despatched upon Saturday, tlif '20tli of June, '89, at 12 o'clock, at noon.'' Aceuinpanying the above isthedral'tof a letter which we sappose was writted by tlie Governor: " Gentlemen, — We have read yours, informing God's severe humbling hand, Butfering the enemy with so nuRh violence and rage, to destroy and liiy waste before them un so Kudden a surpri.-al. We must all say the lord is righteous; wo have sinned. It is not, as yuu widl know, in our power to diicct in your matters authoritatively, but as friends, and under our [one] prince, are n-ady to our utmost to yield our assistance in helping you with ammunition or anything in our power, men, or moneys. It remains Mith yourselves to meet and consider your own cii'- cumstinces, and put yourselves in such away (if not so at present) as may accommodate the present emergency in the best manner yo may, and then let na knt)W what you desire, and we shall serve you to our power. Our present circumstances do not advanta;;e us to impress men, or levy money, but must do aa we can. God help us all to humble ourselves under God's mighty hands." Aid was iitimediately dispatched to Goeliecho,though no further attack was then made. No name is more prominent in early New Hampshire history than thatof Walderne. Identified as its various member^' have been with the prosperity of the Slate, our readers will pardon us if we devote more space than usual in our biographical notices to the head of this family. Richard Waldron, or Walderne rather, as he spelled his name, was born, according to tradition, in Somer- setshire, England, in 1609. He came to America (says the frnirment of a letter from James Jeffrey to Counselor Kichard Waldron, grandson of the subject of this article) with " I\Ir. Hilton or j\rr. Wiggin [in 1635] to see the country : he stayed about two Years & returned to England and there Marryed a Gentle- woman of a very good family (whose pnrents were very unwilling She Should come away;) her names are not remembered, nor of wt place. Your Great Grandfather did not come with your grandfather." Upon his first visit Richard Walderne seems to have purchased land of Capt. Wiggin upon Dover Neck, and to have made arrangements for settlement. On his final return ho purchased a large tract of land at Cochechb lower falls, where in 1640, or a little earlier perhaps, it is said that he made his residence. Prob- ably he also built a saw-mill in 1640, as in 1649, in a deed to Joseph Austin, he conveys part of the "old mill." This was the origin of the settlement long known as Cochecho, and now the central part of the nourishing town of Dover. Soon after his settlement he purchased a large amount of standing timber from the town to engage in the preparation of lumber, pipe-staves, etc., which speedily became the main business of the town. He erected a saw-mill, apparently the second, in 1649 (James Wall, of Exeter, carpenter, being the builder), which was finished previous to August 2d. A con- stant succession of mills have since occupied the spot. Here, too, on the north side of Cochecho lower falls, he rescued land from the wilderness for a farm. Here he made his home and here found his grave. He was the leading man in town affairs; was at least fourteen years representative of Dover in the General Court at Boston, and seven years Speiiker of the House ; was judge, major commanding the forces of New Hampshire, mandamus-councilor, Deputy Governor, and temporarily President of the province. He was buried in the Waldron graveyard, east of the Methodist Church, near the spot where his great- grandson Thomas A\^estbrook Waldron's tombstone stands. The condition of Cochecho a week after the attack will appear from the following letter from William Vaughan and Richard Waldron : " Frnni Capt. Corrisli's Garrison at Cochechae 5th July 1689. "May it please yoi- Honi's, "On Weiisday eveiiing 5Iajr. Appleton wth Between 40 and 50 men (most of Ipswich) Arrived here Accompaned wtli Majr. Pike and yes- terday morning wth wt additional force we could make, marcht into the woods npon the track of the enemy abt. 12 miles to make what Discovery they could, but returned in ye Evening without any fvirther Discovery Save ye di'ad body of one of the captive men they carried hence, nor since or last has any of the enemy been seen hereabout, the foar we elittU nut hnfr be qni(^t but doubtless the main body are wlh drawn tu a considerable dislaiicc. " We cannot but gratefully acknow ledge yor hours Favour in taking sncli caro for or releif and Assistance, A' are bold heartily to pray the continnanci-' of the Same wth out wch we can not possibly Subsist, in or last wee liunibly offord or opinion of the necessity uf a small pty of men wlieri'by or people m»y be enabled to prserve their selves and cattle & the sd. Souldiprs ready upon any assault here or elsewhei'e to march to llicir assistance, wcli wee are Comonly too late for. Wee have obtained of niajr. Appleton with his compa. (wlio wd not stay wtli out hini) to continne wth us at prsont (the rest being Volunteers wd be uuder no comand & Soe are all wth drawn) A must beg upon bis removal another Supply else sd people will be utterly disconrg"d .t necessitated to quitt their Stations at last, for or neighbrs liereabt can yeild us noe assist- ance expecting daily ye Enemies a-^sault on yni. soe are standing on their own Gmird. We beg Pdon for this trouble .t remain " Mucb rionrd, yor most humble Servts " Wm. Vaughan, "RicHD. Waldron." The preceding letter is in Waldron's handwriting. The following was from Maj. Appleton, commander of the soldiers sent to the relief of the Cochecho: "Cochecho 14th July 16S9. " Much Ilonrd "I have yllr^ of 11th Inst, wherein you are pleased to Aduise (Upon my remouall) to loano the imprest men here under ye conduct of Lift Greenleaf[,] now you may please to know yt of Imprest men here are 794 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. only 10 from Salem & 6 from Bowley wch with tlie 20 that came laat make but 56 and Mr Greenleaf not being here know not his inclination to this affair & should I leave those 36 they are bo ung[oT]eruable would Doe but little Seruice, for Newbery men here are none those that came were Voleuters and, forthwth more Willingly returned home. So that I humbly propose in order to securing the people that are here left to preseruing the place that an addition of (34?) men to these 36 with a Discreet Conduct may suffice at prsent for this place, wch I beg yor Honrs to Considr and fauor me with an answer forth with for besides the Afflicting Providence of God Upon my family befor I came from hence in bereauing me of two children, I have Just now aduice of the deatli of a third together with the indisposition of my wife & the Exter- ordinary illness of another of my children all which necessitates my hasting home, however I am so Disposed to the Defence of the Countery and the Prseruation of this place in order to it yt am very unwilling to glue ye people of this place any Discoragment by my remouall till I have yor Honrs Answer, hereto wch I humbly pray you to hasten with all expedition and if you se cause to send yor possetiue order for the stay of these men of Salem & Kowley that were Imprest men, who are full of epectation of returning home with me. As to the enemy we have had no appearance of any Considerable number, but sundery Skulking rougues are -Daily Seen both here[,] at Kittery & Oyster river or employment here bath been to range the Woods an to guard & assist the people in getting in their corn which we are still Daily Psuing '* this with my Humble seruce is all at Psent "from your Humble serut, "Samll Appleton." Several years passed away before Cochecho recov- ered its former vigor. The inhabitants, indeed, prin- cipally returned to their houses or rebuilt them, but ' the loss of so many persons was a severe blow to its prosperity. Before 1700, however, it had assumed its former importance, and though occasionally harassed by the enemy it was never again the subject of so destructive an attack. The first Indian war in New Hampshire did not end with the destruction of Cochecho in the summer of 1689; it continued five years longer. Yet though that first severe blow upon the frontier made the inhabitants tremulously sensitive to rumors and in- dications of trouble, from that time Cochecho was comparatively unharmed. Other parts of this and the neighboring towns were not so fortunate. Thus after the massacre at Cochecho not all of the Indians immediately left for Canada, whither a part went with the captives. Shortly after, as the follow- ing letter shows, they were at Oyster River, then a part of Dover. " Hampton, July 30, 1689. "Major Pike Sir Tlies are to informs you that this last night There I came news to me ffrom Exeter that one of Philip Cromwells Sous came yesterday from oyster Kiver where were 20 Endiens Seen and seueral Houses Burning. Aliout 20 English L,hued out to beat them off a many guns were herd goo off but he coming away while it was a doing we bane not as yett any account of what barme is ther done and we thank you for your care atjout our Although no help could be pro- cured there is but a few could be procured with us the notice was so snddaine but tbos that are gon went yesterday when it was almost night they were willing to stay no longer. When I have account father from Oyster Kiver I will send it to you not Els at preient I " ffrom your ffriend " Samuell Sheebgene." The result of this attack we are unable to learn. Belknap does not allude to it at all, and the Massa- chusetts State Papers, in which the letter is filed, present no additional information. Belknap tells us, however, of an aflfair of the sue- i ceeding August. Indians, watching in the woods about Oyster River, noticed how many men belonged to the garrison of James Huckins; they counted eighteen. Seeing them all go out to work one morn- ing, they got between them and the garrison and killed all of them but one. In the house were two boys, some women, and children ; it was attack6d, but the boys defended it manfully until it was set on fire, when, on promises of safety to all, they surrendered. Three or four of the children, however, were killed, and the others of the party carried ofl". One of the boys es- caped the next day and told the story. He, or some other of the children, became himself an Indian-fighter, and was father to a son who, a soldier, died in the army of the old French war. Upon the other side of Cochecho, also, there was trouble. A united campaign for the first time was entered upon. Three parties of French and Indians were detached from Canada by Count de Frontenac ; the one burned Schenectady, the second surprised Salmon Falls, the third destroyed Casco. At Salmon Falls the attack was as unexpected as at Cochecho. Sieur Hertel, a French officer of energy, led through the forests and amidst snows a company of fifty-two men from Trois RiviSres, there being among them Wahwa, better known as Hoophood, a noted warrior, commanding twenty-five Indians. They reached Salmon Falls March 18, 1690, and at daybreak attacked the garrisons from three directions. The surprised people made a vigorous resistance, but when thirty of their bravest were killed, including nearly every man, the fifty-four remaining, nearly all women and children, surrendered. The enemy burned twenty structures, including houses, barns, and mills (Charlevoix says twenty -seven), destroying many cat- tle in the barns, committed depredations as far as Quamphegan, and retreated. A hundred men were hastily collected from the neighboring towns and pursued them. Hertel, encumbered with captives, expected to be overtaken ; he posted himself there- fore beyond a narrow bridge on Wooster's River, in Berwick. The pursuers arrived and attacked him, but after two hours of warm fighting, extending into the darkness of the night, they found themselves un- able to force his position and retired, taking with them one prisoner, a Frenchman. Hertel sent the captives, with part of his force, to Canada; himself continuing a campaign resulting in similar success at the burning of Casco. From their date the following letters pe.ssess a pe- culiar interest. They correct one or two slight errors in published history : " PoETSMO March 18:1689-90. .,,,,„, " 10 a clock. Jiuch Honrd " Wee are Just now informed that ye Indian Enemy this morning Attacqued Salmon falls and have surprised all the families above the fort wch are about 10 or 12, & have also taken possession of the fort & of Loves house where several families lived. " Wm. Plaisted who gives Ibis in formation made his Escape fromCapt Wincols house wch was twice assaulted by ye Enemy but they were DOVER. 795 beaten off by six or seven English men whome he left in posseeeion of sd honse when he came away fioni thence to give this advice A pray for reelifo he saw not above tweuty Indiana ; we have already sent away from the banke between twenty and thirty men, & have sent to onr other Towns for further releife; we now here see the smoaks rise so yt they are burning all Iiefore thf-ni : We humbly pray a thorough & serious Consideration of the conditii'n of this pt of yo Country, and yt such measures may be forthwitli tnken as in yr Hours wisdome shall be thought most Conducive to the preservation thereof: this is the whole of wt information we can at present give, as soon as we have A further accot you may expect to hear further from " Much Honrd yor Humble servta " Wm Vaughan "Rtchd Martvn." " PORTSMO 19 March 1689-90. "Much Honrd "Yesterday we gave accot of ye dreadful destruction of Salmon flfalls the particulers whereof pleas to take as foUoeth. "The enemy made their onset between break of the day & sun rise when most were a bed & no watch kept neither in fort nor house they presently took possession of ye fort to prevent any of us doing it & so carried all before them by Surprise, none of our men being able to get together into a body to oppose tlieni, so that in the place were kild & taken between ffuurscore and 100 persons, of wch between twenty and Thirty able men, the fort and upwards of twenty houses burnt, most of the Cattle burnt in the bouses or otherwise kiTd which were very con- siderable, from thence the enemy proceeded to Quamphegan where lived onely Thomas Homes who upon the Alarm retired from his house to a small Garrison built near his Saw mill wheither also some of Salmon falls yt made their escape fled, about ao of the Enemie.s surrounded Holmes house but met with noe opposition then till fouiteen men of uus came up from ye lower part of ye Town & uiidisci'yed by ye Enemy, made a shot upon yt party of iTidians at Holmes house, sundry of ym standing before the door, at wcli Bhot ihey say three Enemy fell, ye rest run into the house & broke through ye backside thereof, & being more numerous than ours forced our men to retire, some of tliem got safe home & five Escaped to Holmes Gamson, only one of ours wounded in the Encounter, then the Ent^ny burnt Holmes house & proceeded about a mile lower down & burnt the ministrs house with two more & As- saulted Spencers Garrison but were repel'd & so retired. James Plaisted who was taken at Salmon falls was sent by Hopehood (Commander in chief of the Indians) with a Flag of Truce in Tho. Holmes for ye surren- der of his Garrison promising liberty to depart upon his aoe doing, but Plaisted returned not was ye Garrison surrendered. "The sd Plaisted who was in ye Enemies hand many hours Informs yt he saw of ye Enemy one hundred and iifty men well accoutred & Guesse tbem to be about one-half ffrench, upon tlieir taking possession of ye flfort he said that ten of them flfrench & Indians made A dance wch Hopehood told him were all officers, he also told him of bis Brother Gooden who lived in Loves house was going to be try'd for his life by A Councill of Warr, for yt in their taking Loves houee ye ed Gooden had kil'd one ffrench & mortally wounded another, & further that there was Eight french ships designed for Paecataqua River to destroy ye same : "The Alarm being given to all adjacent Towns in order to their reliefe we sent about thirty men from this Town, as many went from Dover, & A party from York together wth wt could be got from their own Town, but before they could unite their force it was neare night &, then they marcht with about 100 men under Comand of Capt. Jo Hamond Comandr of ye uper part of Kittery. the scouts yt went before just as they came wth in sightof salmon falls Discovered one of ye Enemy who was bind- ing up his pack & staying behind his Company fell into onr hand which proved to bee a ffrenchman whose Examination in shoit we here wth send you & to-morrow morning intend to send the person toward you by land none by Water being just ready to goe : our fforces proceeded in pursuit of ye Enemy & about 2 miles above ye ffortof Salmon falls at the farther house up in the woods there discovered them about ye setting of ye sunn, our men presently fell upon them & they as resolutely op- posed them, in short the fight lasted as long as they could see friends from Enemies, in which we left three men, one of York, another of Co- checo kild upon ye place & 6 or seven wounded some is feared mortally wt damage we did the Enemy we cant at present say : This is all ye accot we can at present give, tu-morrow intend you shall hear again from us. we Intrem subscribe ourselves Honrd Srs " Yor humble Servts : "Wm, Vaughan " RiCHD Martyn." "PoRTSMo: 19th March 1689-90. "Upon Examination of the frenchman taken at Salmon ffalls he said "Their Company that Attaq'd Salmon ffalls consisted of sixty men 30 French and 30 Indians who came from Canady the beginning of ffeubr from a Town called thirty Rivers lying above Cabeck, that they have not been near any English Plantation since they came out till now but waited about twenty or thirty miles off Beverall days for a party of 20 or 30 Indians who promised to meet & Joyn wth them but came not, that they have lived wholly npon hunting, yt they en me by ordr of the ffrench Govr at Canada & that both ffrench and Indians are in pay at ten Livers p month. The said Govr is Count Fontenack yt arrived from ffrauce last yeare in A man of warr with severall merchant Ships wch went away again in 8ber. only two ships remain in Canada of Twenty five Guns a piece. That two parties of ffrench & Indians of three hundred men in a Company came out about the same time they came, but whether they were design'd he saith be knows not. That he knows nothing of the Mischiefe done near Albany, that they intended to carry their cap- tives to Canada & there sell them, yt their design was not against this place when tliey first came forth but principally against Monsiur Tyng & the place where he lived but he saith the Indians who were their principle pilots did often Vary in their Opinions about wt place to fall npon. cant understand wheither it were Mr Tyng of Merrimack River or Oasco Bay. That they saw no Considerable Company of Indians in their March only a few in some places hunting, that they brought out wth them two pounds of powder & sixty bullets a piece, that their are sundry English Captives at Canada but he saw only three two girls and a boy, that the ffrench are able to raise four or five thousand men in Canada able to bear arms, & yt they have Thirty two Companies of fifty men in a company in constant pay. that the ffrench Capts name of this Company is Monsiur Aretall : his son being his Lieut." These communications were forwarded to Boston. Attacks, but less appalling, followed the disastrous blows upon Salmon Falls and Casco. By the destruc- tion of the latter the inhabitants of Maine were driven back to Wells. The Indians followed them. Some writer says that in the same month (May) a party under Hoophood attacked the inhabitants of Fox Point, in Newington, then of Dover, they burned several houses, killed about fourteen people, and carried away six captives; that pursuers recovered some of the captives, and wounded Hoophood. But the researches of the late Charles W. Tuttle convince us that this has no foundation whatever. But, to the great joy of the whites, Hoophood was soon mistaken by his allies for an Iroquois and killed. On the 4th of July eight persons swimming at Lamprey River were killed and a boy captured. In the fight the enemy attacked Capt. Hilton's garrison at Exeter, but with no success, save to kill a few whites. The day following is more memorable. The provincial authority at Portsmouth had deter- mined to send an expedition into the forest against the Indians. Capt. Wiswall was designated for this service. It being advisable to join another captain witli him, members volunteered, of whom Capt. Floyd was selected by lot. A hundred men rendezvoused at Dover, and started westward. On Sunday morning, 6th of July, the advanced scouts reported an Indian trail. They followed it and overtook the enemy on the borders of Wheelwright's Pond ; an engagement followed, in which each man fought for himself, in the Indian custom. After hours of fighting, Wiswall, Flagg, his lieutenant, Walker, his sergeant, and twelve others having fallen, and the bulk of the remainder being rather exhausted by the heat of the summer 796 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. day, Floyd retreated, the Indians, however, doing the same. Floyd was blamed afterwards, but clearly without cause. This was in the then limits of Dover. Few attacks were made in this vicinity for two years following ; for the Indians in a conference at Sagadahock made a truce which continued until June, 1691, a month longer, strange to say, than the time agreed upon ; then Wells was attacked, but unsuc- cessfully ; two men were killed at Exeter, and in September twenty-one persons were killed or cap- tured at Eye. But a new and more energetic plan of guarding the frontiers by the constant ranging of sufficiently strong scouting parties from one post to another being adopted, the only incidents which took place during the succeeding winter were that a party' which fired upon a young man in the woods of Co- checho was followed and all excepting one man slain ; that Tobias Hanson was killed at Dover, May 10, 1693; and that mischief was perpetrated upon "one poor family which they took at Oyster River.'' Further quiet was obtained also by a treaty of peace concluded at Pemaquid, Aug. 11, 1693, signed by thirteen Indian chiefs, four other Indians, and three English interpreters. The Indians then acknowl- edged their subjection to the English crown, prom- ised to abandon the French alliance, to return their captives, to forbear the gratification of private re- venge, and, with sad mockery, to keep a perpetual peace. To Dover, with the rest of the province, this treaty gave a happy breathing-time ; their continued alertness, the wasting of their property, the inability of cultivating their lands, and the destruction of their men had wellnigh exhausted and dispirited the people. The peace was short ; French cunning found a new element by which to excite Indian hate. Religious fanaticism was added by the labors of tireless French missionaries, and through this Sieur de Villieu, com- mander upon the Penobscot in 1694, broke the treaty. The first blow fell upon Oyster River, then part of Dover, now Durham. The history of this attack be- longs more particularly under " Durham," and we add here only the names of sufferers, with a few notes of reference. The journal of Rev. John Pike, minister of Dover at that time, =ays, — " July 18. — The Indians fell suddenly & unexpect- edly upon Oyster River about break of Day. Took 3 Garrisons (being deserted or not defended), killed & Carried away 94 persons, & burnt 13 houses — this wa~ the fr act of hostility Committed by y" after y' peace Concluded at Pemmaqd." Extended account is in Belknap, p. 138. The origi- nal manuscript statement to which he refers in note, p 141, is preserved. See also Shea's Charlevoix, iv. 2-56 Shea refers also to the relation of French commander, 2 Canada Doc. vii. Papers in the Mass. Archives, vol iii. pp, 4S0-3, are : Thomas Packer, at Portsmouth July 18, to Governor Usher, at Newcastle, with brief statement; Governor Usher, same day, nine o'clock A.M., to Governor Phips, inclosing preceding, and asking help ; reply of Governor Phips, July 19 ; Gov- ernor Usher to Governor Phips, July 21, indorsed with action in sending troops; Secretary Redford, at Portsmouth, officially, to Governor Phips, with par- ticulars. Also, vol. viii. pp. 40-41, depositions of Ann Jenkins and Thomasine Drew, printed in N. E. Hist, and Gen. Reg., vol. xviii. See also Proceeding of Coun- cil, " X. H. Prov. Papers," ii. 124, et ultra. Pike says " 3 garrisons" were taken ; Belknap says five ; Charle- voix says " here there were two forts" carried by at- tack. The discrepancy is but nominal. There were but two garrison-hous&s carried by assault, the other three taken being deserted ; and Belknap reckons some houses with palisades as garrison-houses which Pike does not. Charlevoix makes the absurd state- mentthat " two hundred and thirty English perished." The part of the town attacked did not have that amount of population, while seven of the twelve gar- risons were successfully defended. Villieu claims to have killed 104 persons, and captured 27. As to the enemy's force, the letter of Redford estimates it at " not less than three hundred ;'' and Charlevoix says "two hundred and fifty Indians from," etc., joined by "the Abenaquis of the elder Father Bigot's mis- sion." Redford's letter says that " Donie, who signed the peace, was there," — Robin Donie, signer of the peace at Pemaquid. From the Durham manuscript and other sources some names are attainable. Killed: John Dean; "old Mr. Huckins;" a woman' named Chesley, "and several others of the same name;" Robert Watson and family, " except his wife," — yet I think that one son escaped ; Ensign John Davis, his wife, and "several" children; Sarah (Davis) Smith (widow of James) and two sons; a Clark; a Gelli- son ; Charles Adams and a son ; Samuel Adams and wife; Edward Leathers' wife; a woman named Jack- son ; Zachariah Edgerly (son of Thomas) ; a child of Thomas Edgerly, Jr. ; Francis Drew, his wife, and his son Benjamin ; a Jenkins, his grandmother, and his child. Of the captives: Two daughters of Ensign John Davis, one of whom returned, the other re- mained in a nunnery ; some of the family of Charles Adams, Jr., certainly his daughter Ursula, baptized in Canada, April 6, 1697; Mrs. Amblar; some chil- dren of Thomas Edgerly, Jr.; Thomas Edgerly, Sr.. a daughter, and his son Joseph ; Thomas Drew and wife, both of whom returned; Ann, wife of Jenkins above, and three children (see her deposition in Mass. Archives, vol. viii. p. 46 ; and probably Joseph Wat- son, who was rebaptized in Canada, April 28, 1697. In list of sixteen " Captives Rec'i-Aboard the Province Gal- ley," Jan. 17, 1698-99 (Mass. Archives, vol. Ixx. p. 398), are Elizabeth Egerly, Susanna Egerly, and John Derry, all of Oyster River ; and of those remaining in captivity, Juda Emerson, of Oyster River, and Peter Denbow. Woodman's garrison, successfully defended, is still standing, having been carefully pre.'^erved. The late John S. Woodman, professor in Dartmouth College, had seen the bullet-holes when the old tim- DOVER. 797 bers were uncovered during the repairs of the build- ing. Letters written on the morning of the attack are here given : " Portsmo July 18th [1694]. "Just now arrived a post from Oyster River. The Indians have de- stroyed the place liilled .t hurned all they could Nere have Es- caped and are too badly wounded doe not Know but they be all over our ffrontiers wait yr Honors Motion "Tho Packer." " 9 in ve Morning Newcastle July 18th ;169i " May please yor Exy : "Just now have Received the Enclosed acco. our prouince all in arms desire your Exy forthwith to [send] one or Two hundred men with Arms & Aminution for the defence of the place and to parens the enimie : we fear Seauerall other or Towns in the province are besett. " burnt from ye head of oyster River to ye mouth of it on both sides tho ; Edgerly & his son wounded making their Escape and judge the wholl place is Cut off. " Nott doubting of Yor Ready Assistance I subscribe "Yor Esq's Humbl Sernat "John Usheh." " [To Geo. Phipps.] " May it Pleas yor Excell. [rec. 21 July 1694.] " Since the Lft Governrs of 18th inst ; anoth is Come to our hand, the Indians verie Numerous. Not less than three hundred. Donie who signed the Peace was there, a Woman who was Donie's Servant made her Eescape, by reason of his being drunck. Saith Donie did tell her that thay did Expect 600 Indians more, that the Mangwaits were joyned wth them, and judge Some Southern Indians were there. Tliere is two Fryars among the Indiiins who after Victory Said Mass twice, the In- dians did Spred 6 or 7 miles, and engnged all at once. Oyster River in a manner Ruined, only abt 20 houses left, the rest layd waste, unless we have a Supply of men from yourself Oyster River must be deserted. If Oyster Kiver be deserted, the Enimie will have an inlett in to tlie whole Couutrey. for the Majests Service & Security of the Countrey desire you would forthwith Supply us with one hundred men with amunition & Provision to he Posted for Preservation of these Out places, we are dispatching Some Souldei-s into our Outward Garrison according to the ability of this Province upon the Alarms with all expedition. We dis- patched from the Severall Towns one third of the Militia in this Prov- ince for Releafe of Oyster River, but before they came there the Enimie was drawn off and could not be met with ; its Judged Eighty psons Killd & taken abundance of Cattle Killd, last Night three Indians Seen Severall Guns fired. Judg the Enimie is still bordering upon us, hut we want assistance to persue them, the Enimie being Bo numerous; Desiie that Orders may be given to Justices and all Constables for the dispatch of Expresses: Not doubting of yor Rediness to assist us, we being ready to afforde our assistance accarding to our ability ; to your parts ca.se the Enimie sliould invade yours. Wee Crane your answer by this ess. " By order of the Lt Governor & Councill, " Wm Redfoed ; Deputy SecVy," The apprehensions of further violence were unhap- pily realized. Not all of the body who attacked Oyster Rivei; returned immediately. AVhile one por- tion under Toxus, a Norridgewock, went westward, a smaller party crossed the Pascataqua and killed Ursula Cutt (widow of the President Cutt) and three others, haymakers. That day Col. Eichard Wal- dron had promised to dine with her, but the arrival of friends prevented it. While at dinner in his own house he heard of her death. In July, 1695, two men were killed at Exeter. On the 7th of May, 1696, John Church was killed and scalped at Cochecho. Various persons were killed at Portsmouth on the 26th of June, and the recapture of Breakfast Hill, in Eye, took place the next day, of which an account is here unnecessary. On the 26th of July the people of Dover were waylaid and fired upon as they were returning home from meeting. Nicholas Otis, Mary Downs, and Mary Jones were killed ; Eichard Otis, Anthony Lowden, and Expe- rience Heard were wounded ; John Tucker, Nicholas Otis, Jr., and Judith Eicker were captured. As these persons all appear to have lived between Waldron's Garrison and Garrison Hill, it is probable that the attack was between the upper falls and the brow of the hill before reaching Otis's Garrison. Of affairs at Exeter, of the killing of Maj. Frost at Kittery, of the threatened invasion by sea, our pur- pose forbids minute accounts. Dover soil was no more molested during that war, and the war itself soon ended. The peace of Eyswick, concluded in Europe, Sept. 20, 1697, forced the French Governor Frontenac to withdraw his protection and assistance from the In- dians, as France and England were no longer at war. He advised the Indians, therefore, to bury the hatchet, and peace was concluded at Casco, Jan. 9, 1699. Among other promises, it was agreed that cap- tives should be returned. Some, indeed, had, in 1695, been ransomed. Among these were John Keyser and John Key, Jr., of Cochecho ; Elizabeth Smart and Cisca Braokett, of Oyster Eiver. Others in the hands of the French at that time, memorials of the fate of Cochecho in 1689, and Oyster Eiver in 1694, were Abi- gail Willey, Judy Willey, Elizabeth Willey, John Skyly, Sarah White, and Samuel Eand (a boy), of Oyster Eiver; Grizel Otis, Christina Otis, John Otis (a boy), Eose Otis (a girl), Stephen Otis (inhabitants of the ill-fated Otis Garrison), John Anthony (a boy), and Obadiah Phebe, of Cochecho ; and Joseph Perkins (a boy), Abigail Curlin, Lydia Langley (a girl), Mary Swarten, Abigail Brackett, Elizabeth Squir, John Per- sons (a boy), Eoland Young (a boy), Euth Persons, Mary Sayward, Esther Sayward, and H. Short (a boy), of Dover, but of unknown locality. Howmany of these ever returned it is impossible to tell. Christina Otis returned; Eose, her sister, did also, and married John Pinkham ; John Otis probably remained in Canada ; Stephen Otis certainly did; so did their mother-in- law, Grizel, who married there. Others doubtless did also, and so were finally lost to their friends. CHAPTEE CXV. DOVER.— (Continwed.) Tax-payers in 1733.— The town had early made grants or sales of lands to settlers, according to the powers of towns which owned the unoccupied lands within its limits. In 1733 the town made a final dis- posal of such as it did not wish to retain for public uses, retaining such as the " Landing" below the falls 798 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, iNEW HAMPSHIRP]. of the Cochecho. The following list, occasioned by this final distribution, shows the names of tax-payers in that year, and in somemeasure their relative prop- erty interest: Whereas M.' John Cerney, Sam' Gear], James Nute, John Tasker, John Hayes, John Horn, Cap' Tho' Wallingford, Jeremiah Eawlings, and John Winget were Chosen a Committee at a Publick Town Meet- ing holden at the Meeting-House at Cochecho in Dover the 27 of Feb'? 1732-3 To Consider of some proper Methods to be taken to Dispose of the Common Lands within the Town of Dover to the Inhabitants of said Town, and to propose the Method or Methods which they should agree upon to the Town in Publick Town Meeting for the Towns acceptance, if the should see fit, which service the above sd Committe did accordingly per- form, and likewise made Report thereof to the Town in a Publick Town Meeting holden at the Meeting House at Cochecho in Dover on the 4"' Day of June 1733, at which Meeting the Town did Vote that the Proporteoning of the Common Lands in said Town, amongst the Inhabetants thereof, as it was performed and offer'd to the Town by said Committe, should be good and Valid. Which Proportioning was as follows, viz. That all those men whose names are mentioned in the first List which is next Recorded should have a full share in y° Division of the above said Commons, viz. Collo Paul G(!msh,E-q>- 413 Coll" Tim"' GerriBh, Esq' 96 Rioliii Waldron, Esq' 3.i2 Tlie Reyi M' Jon« Gushing 106 M' Gershon Downs 264 .Tos. Hanson 31 James Heard 181 Edwl Evens 38 L> John Horn 13 M' David Walson 3So Tho' Horn 147 John Horn 241 W» Horn 186 W" Fust 355 Cap' John Waldron 214 EbeTi' Varnev * 50 Cap' Kobfirt Evens 128 Jos. Hall 13U James Hanson 15 L< Tri^« Heard 14 Benj« Hanson 287 Job Clements 129 Tobias Hanson 44 Natl Young 8(1 Jabez Garland 63 Cap' Tris' Ckiffln IIJI L' John Winget 340 Cap'Tlio' Tibbits Iu3 Cap' Tho" Millit 325 Eben' Tuttle 141 Epi> Tibbitts 158 Kioholas Harford 163 Tho'Cenney 379 Otis Pinkham Ill L' Jos Robberts 351 Joshua Cromwell 275 Tho" Whithouse 41 Gershom Wentworth 192 John Cenney 238 SamlWillee 97 WmWeymotli 208 Tim» Robinson 291 Cap' Sam' Tibbitts 335 Mr Sam' Cearl 102 Edwi Whithouse 26 Howard Henderson 415 Nathl Austin 121 Tho" Roberts Ju' 151 ; Kat> Roberta 269 I Tho" Roberts 364 ! Jos. Austin 416 | EpkTibbits , 82 Sam' Tibbits Ju' 119 Jos, Cenney 30 Richd Hussey 113 John Bussell 398 Eli Demerrit 283 Sam' Chesley 109 Tho" WiUe 144 L' Jos. Jones :i41 Sol" Pinivham 218 James Pinkham ;1U5 L« Tho" Davis :;io Tho" Drew 419 Tho" Diew Ju' 153 Amos Pinkham 247 Joseph Jenkins 134 Abraham Clark 263 Ensg Israel Hodgdon 90 Tho" Piiikliani 164 8.ini' Ha.ves 36 Jacob .\lleu 286 Jos Tibbits 3;j8 Rich'' Pinkham James N'ute Sam' Nute ;147 Daniel Misharvey 160 John Feild 166 John Twombly 374 Sam' Davis 142 L' James Davis 261 W"" Dam 123 John Taaker 405 John Davis 68 Jos. Daniel 271 James Clark 30I Ichabod Hayes 262 "W-n Twombly 98 Jon^ Young US Jos. Evens 418 Nat' Hanson 196 y» Estate of Benj" Evens 104 John Cook 156 Eliar Young 388 Peter Hayes al4 Daniel Horn 34 John Tibbits 331 John Hayes 10 Jos. Roberta Ju' 62 Y' Estate of John Hamon 188 Cap' Paul Wintworth Esq' 49 YeReyiiM'JamePilie 35 Y" Estate of Cap" Benj» Wint- worth John Ricker Metuiin Bicker .' Jeremiah Rawlings John Roberts James Clements Tho" Nock Zaci* Nock Sam' Downs Eben' Downs Sam' Jones Cap' Tho" Wallingford L' Love Roberts Ensg John Tibbits M' Silvanus Nock Epl> Wintworth Tho" Hall i Tho" Tibbits 172 209 207 417 182 6 20 46 320 165 346 293 78 117 29 272 51 330 Benj" Weymouth 2« John Hall 9i Sam' Roberts 28] Wm Stiles 28' Tho" Downs 17] Benj" Mason 40; Job Hussey 131 Peter Cook 7( Kich'i Hammock 115 To y Estate of Jos. Ham U Jos. Varney 311 Benj^Ham 288 Jos. Riker 205 Derry Pitman 315 Benja Twomblv 37 John Roberts Ju' 273 Tho" Layton 208 Jos. Twombly Ju' 285 The Men whose Names are mentioned in the Second List which is next Recorded were appointed it to have two thirds of a full Share in y' Division of Common Lands in Dover by y" Committe Choosen for the Pro- portioning of the Same. ]yl' William Tompson 173 ! W" Ellis 327 Sam' Alle 23 Edwi Ellis 407 Epli Wintworth 60 Isaac Watson 47 To y« Estate of W- Hayes 138 Tobias Hanson Ju' 409 Jos. Hanson Ju' 69 j John Heard 211 WmHorn Ju' 392 ; Benj" Hayes 94 Eben' Varney Ju' 7 ; John Varney 27o Tho" Hamon 283 Stephen Varney 189 Eben' Wintworth 21 Eze" Wintworth 402 John Waldron Ju' 39 WnTwombly J' 137 Joe. Ester 312 , John Clements 339 I Jos. Hall 34« Stephen Roberts 362 Solo. Perkins... 93 | John Pirkins 329 Sam' Wille Ju' 17 I John Young 248 Jos. Bankings 267 Sam' Beard 386 John Hall.Ju' 212 John Pearl 81 Sam' Ceuney 279 Henry Tibbits 391 John Bampton 200 Th.." A«h 269 John Cromwell 58 Tim» Tibbitts 366 Edwl Tibbits 2iM Joshua Pirkins 422 John Bussel Jnn'. 3 Francis Pitman 108 John Huckins 424 Nat' Liimas 26 Henry Tibbits Jn' 19- John Pinkham 3 — John Layton 169 John Giles 27 Sam' Starbord 420 Daniel Titcum 203 Tho" Tuttle 276 Micael Emerson 150 John Layton Ju' 309 John Tuttle 4 .Tohn Ham Ju' 29- Clenient Drew 36 Eli Demerrit Jn' 2- [p. 215] M' William Hill Ju'... 404 TimolMoses 253 Jos. Hick 24 Tlio" Bickford 16 John Demerrit 372 Abi-aham Nate 84 Zac'i Pitman 226 Win Demerrit 69 Daniel Misbarvy Ju' 231 James Hukkins 258 Banj" Hall 296 Ralph Hall 342 Jos. Pirkins 244 Jos. Daniel Ju' 368 Zac'i Edgerly 92 Daniel Feild 145 Jos Chesley 288 Kob' Evans Ju' 345 Sam' Young 136 John Evens 32 Ep'i Ham 3.52 Mark Giles 240 Paul Giles 252 .Tohn Church 302 Israel Hodgdon ju' 2fi Stephen Otis 152 The Estate of Sam' Cromwel.. 322 The Estate of Beijj" Varney... 206 Sam' Wintworth 59 Epl" Bicker 146 Sam' Rendal 114 Moses Tibbits 169 llaniel Goodiu 115 Benj» Stanton 129 M' George Ricker 124 W"" Downs 394 James Cenney 216 John Drew 183 Maturen Ricker Ju' 317 Rich'' Wintworth 232 Eben' Garland 421 Sam' Stagpole 143 Elea'[Eben'] Wire 298 Elisha Clark 1 John Mason 71 Nath' Pirkins 53 Ricbl Cenney 396 James H«bbs 323 James Guppv 303 Jos. Hussey '. 277 Sam' Austin 367 Benj" Wintworth 370 Joshua Ittjberts 66 Closes Varney 260 Iteiij" .Austen 229 Jeremiah Tibbits 381 Sam' Cenney, ju' 364 Rich"! Scammon 225 John Bickford 423 Moses Winget 133 Ichabod Tibbits 297 Tho" Hobbs 414 Philip Yeaton 175 W" WiTitworth 48 John St.irbord 361 M' John Bickford ju' 11 Philip Slagpole 328 Edwd Evens ju' Sam' Heard W-n Weimoth j' 251 The Men whose Names are Jlentioned in the Third List which is now Recorded were appointed to have one third part of a full Share ... the Division of Common Lands in Dover by the Comitte Choosen for y'' Proportioning of the Same DOVEK. 799 M'Sani'Dam 8;) James Wellmet 170 Johu Gerrish 21ft W" Hanson 367 Benj" Hanson Ju^ 2S2 Benja Peirce Ju' 52 Dudley Watson 2 W" Whitehouee 37a Sam' HoardJu' 349 Jos. Conner 33 James Chesley 22 Nehemiah Kimball 300 E/.va Kimball 28 Nathl Varney 411 Tho'Horn Ju' 400 Spencer Wintworth 12 Sami Allen 190 EdwJ Allen 120 Riohi Waldron 242 John Horn Ju' 157 Tho" Varney 384 John Carter 376 Ichabod Horn 197 Daniel Clements 246 Jos. Peirce 408 Tho» Mason 67 Jos. Harford 148 M' Jos. Tibbits Ju' 29.5 Benjit Roberts 144 Panl Roberts 99 Tho" Waits 304 Timo Eobinson Jn' 87 Sam' Gearl Ju' 257 Richmond Henderson 249 Tho" Roberts, Ter» 194 I Benj* Roberts Ju' 375 Elijah Tuttle 42 Jos. Bickford 324 1 Joshua Cenney 77 Sam' Holden 229 Edwd Clowtman 5 John Cloutman 43 Panl Cenney 217 Wm HuBsey 191 I Icbabod Cenuey 254 Henry Bussel 187 James Bussel 336 Job Demerritt 319 Solo Emerson 334 James Jackson 401 Tho« Wille Ju' 168 Beuj^ Jones 412 , John Jones 40 Anthony Jones 105 Wm Brown 255 ; Benja Bunker 225 |p. 217] James Layton 292 Francis Drew 3ft5 ' Daniel Jacobs 2:H Zac* Bunker 337 Daniel Bunker 110 Tho" Pinkham Ju' 243 "Wm Norroway 177 Tim- Cearl 326 Shadrach Hodgdon 91 HatBvil Hall 316 Eben' Pinkham 377 Rich'i Pinkham Ju' 383 Benja Allen 54 Jos. Tibbite, Ter' 359 Nicolas Tuttle 371 James Tuttle John Feild Ju' Maul Hanson Time Moses Ju' Wn Bussel Jos Jackson John Foy Mfslieck Drew Jiihn Daniel Ju' Benj^ Evens Jus. Evens Ju' Robert Hanson Nath' Garland Henry Bickford Tim« Hanson John Hayes Ju' John Til.liitsJu' ' S...>Hani [Horn?] M' John Garland W™ Jones Eben' Roberts Tho" Stevens Jos. Wcutwortli Tho" Wentworth Rich'i Gobden Eben' Nock Sam' Nock Benj"^ Peirce Gerson Downs Ju' Wm Brackstone John Tibbits Ju' Jos. Evens, Ter^ Abner Young Josiah Clark Sam' Hall Humph n'y Fost Jon"! Merrow Sam' Weymouth To the Estate of Morrice Hobbs Paul Gerrish, Ju' Sam' Stiles Benji^ Demerritt James Nnte, Jn' W" Allen To the Estate of Francis Drew To the Estate of John Bunker To the Estate of Benj^ Hanson To the Estate of Tristram Heard To the Estate o1 Sum' Tibbits.. To the Estate of Zacl> Boody... BenedictusTar Henry Rines Jos. Cromwell Sam' Cromwell Simon Winget Daniel Plummer Rich'i Plummer John Harvey Sam' Jackson Benj"^ Cenney Zac'' Field Joni^ Church Elea' Wear. Ju' ,.. W- Wellard Stephen VVille Jon" Young, .Ju' Sam' Jones Ju' Sam' Varney Nat' Ham Isaac Hanson 380 122 ! 79 198 30 I 1'26 70 167 I l.W 1 369 132 I 209 I 313 j 221 378 89 299 201 230 387 227 321 85 176 127 1011 222 116 220 46 363 The Men whose Names are Mentioneii in the fourth List which is Next Recorded were appointed to have one sixth part of a whole Share of the Commons Lands in Dover by the Comraitte Choosen for the Propor- tioning of the Same. Cap' John Gage :i95 M'Sam' Lamb 180 Isaac Libbee 308 Hatevi I Layton 223 Nat' Frost 245 Benj" Bodge 64 John Brown 202 John Row 350 Nic' Brock 57 Wm Busby 389 Hugh Conner 343 M' John Yeaton 213 John Yeatoti Ju' 333 Sam' Walton 390 Morrice Fowler 360 Tho" Miller 363 John Muckkleroy 239 James Witherel. Moses Stevens.. 66 I Sam' Merrow 178 CHAPTER CXVI. DOV'E'R.—i CoiMnued.) French and Indian War. — The last year in which Dover blood was shed upon Dover soil was in 1725. Benjamin Evans and William Evans were the last victims. The Indians had been gradually driven back. Not long after the year 1700 they abandoned Pequaw- ket and returned to Canada. To carry the war into Canada was the defense of lower New Hampshire. The French provinces partially felt what they had inflicted upon others. We can stop only to say that men of our ancient Dover were in the assault on Port Royal, in 1707, where Maj. Shadrach Wal- ton, an ancestor of the writer of this sketch, and a son of an early Dover settler, and Capt. Chesley, of the Durham section, did the only creditable thing there; they formed their companies on the open beach, charged on the enemy, who were behind a sea- wall, and carried the position by assault. Dover men were in the attack on Norridgewock in 1722. They were scouts in all the wars following. In 1745, at the capture of Louisburg, Dover furnished a company, in which, as lieutenant, was Thomas Westbrook Wal- dron, great-grandson of the old major slain in the massacre of 1689, and the one who built the Waldron house, still standing on Second, Street, and a company led by Capt. Samuel Hale. Old Dover furnished two companies for Crown Point, in 1755, and another the same year for Albany, under Paul Gerrish. In the expedition against Crown Point, in 1756, Samuel Ger- rish led one company, and brave John Titcomb another, — that John Titcomb who lived in the original building which grew into the Dover Hotel, and of whose descendants is the wife of Prof. John R. Var- ney. In 1757 the western part of Dover sent a com- pany, and John Titcomb commanded a second. It was part of this battalion which, after the surrender of Fort William Henry, was abandoned by Montcalm to the Indians, who killed eighty out of the one hundred and twenty New Hampshire men. Immediately old Dover furnished more men, and stout Maj. Thomas Tash led a battalion, the brave soldier who became a colonel in the war of the Revolution, whose great- grandson, George W. Tash, is now a citizen of Dover. John Titcomb was lieutenant-colonel of still another regiment raised in New Hampshire, on whose rolls were many Dover men. Col. Atkinson's regiment, for Canada in 1759, which served at the reduction of Fort Niagara, had Dover recruits. In Col. Goffe's regiment for the invasion of Canada, in 1760, was one company whose roll is full of Dover names. Dover men were at the capture of Ticonderoga, and in the reduction of Canada. The muster-roll of Capt. Samuel Hale's company was preserved by his grandson, William Hale, of Dover, whose father, William Hale, was member of Congress, and the roll transferred to Nathaniel Low 800 HISTORY OF STEAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. a captain in the recent war, great-grandson of Capt. Samuel Hale. Belknap, speaking of the New Hampshire Volun- teers, says, " By the 17th of February two hundred and fifty men were enlisted for the service." New Hampshire furnished in all three hundred and fifty men, under command of Col. Samuel Moore ; not in- cluding one hundred and fifty men raised in our province, but in the pay of Massachusetts. New Hampshire furnished one-eighth of the entire force raised in New England, a less proportion than at Bunker Hill, where more than one-half were from our State. The paper is a regular muster-roll, made out for payment, with printed title, headings, and rules; the print occupying twelve inches in breadth and fifteen in height. The printed title reads thus, a blank for name of captain being filled with the pen : "A Muster-RoU of the Company in His Majesty's Service under the Command of Samuel Hale Captain. Then come, on ruled columns, the following head- ings, and in the following order, the numbers being prefixed by us : 1. Men's Names. 2. Quality. 3. Of what Town. 4. Names of Fathers and Masters, of Sons under Age, and Servants. 5. Time of Entrance in the Service. Months. Days. ■ 6. Till what Time in the Service. Months. Days. 7. Whole Time of Service. Weeks. Days. 8. Province Arms. Weeks. 9. The whole of Wages due to each Man. 10. What each Man received of the Commissary, eic-. 11. Balance due to each Man. In the first column there are fifty-three names, as below. The residences, when Dover, we omit. The "Time of entrance in the Service" is given only in the case of the captain, but apparently is in- tended to include the whole company, viz., February 13th. " Till what Time in the Service" is given in but twenty-two cases. These we note below. "The whole of wages due to each Man'' and " Bal- lance due to each Man" are blank. A solitary indorsement on the outside says, " N.B. The prices of things in this Muster Roll are Set down in old Tenor. S. H." Other items we note in each case : Samuel Hale, Captain, Dover. Entrance Feb. 18. In the service till Octr 1, — 32 weeks, 6 days. Received of the Commissary, 19 shil- lings, 6 pence. Moses Wingett, Lieutenant. Clement Ham, Ensign. Eleazar Young, Sergeant. Benjamin Lebby, Sergeant, a. Samuel Heard, Sergeant, a. o. John Bussell, Sergeant. John Giles, Corporal, a. c. Samuel Tibbets, Corporal, c. Thomas Perkins, Corporal. Rochester. Reuben Gray, Corporal, a. John Hubbard, Drummer. Samuel Merrow, Rochester. Jacob Bussell. Father John Bussell. Ichabod Hill. a. d. John Titcorab. c. John Hussey. Benjamin Stanton. Father Ben. Stanton, a. Josiah Clark. Father Josiah Clark, a. R. Kenny Waldron. a. Stephen Evans. Master Elihu Hayes, a. Ebenezer Cook. c. Joseph Abbot. Samuel Watson, c. Daniel Wingett. Thomas Ash. b. Archibald Smith. Daniel Lebby. Master, David Daniels, a. d. William Glidden. John Forse. a. William Thompson, Rochester. Nicholas Grace. Master, William Gerrish. a. d. Joseph Berrey. a. Paul Nute. Love Kenney. Morrice Fowler. David Kinket. Master, Wm. Damm. a. Zebulon Drue. c. John Go well. Richard Harris, u. Jacob Hossom. a. c. John Smith, a. Thomas Roberts. Master, Samuel Roberts, a. d. Nathaniel Perkins. Master, Samuel Roberts, a. d. D. Henry Sleeper. Portsmouth. Master, Joseph Buss. D. Sam. Indian, Portsmouth. Master, Richard Salter. D. Samuel Hunt [Huntress on another slip], Portsmouth. D. Eliphalet Ring, Portsmouth. D. Joseph Nelson, Portsmouth. Master, Charles Hoit. B. Jonathan Stoodley, Portsmouth. D. George Damm. Portsmouth. Master Solo- mon [?Reede]. D. Theophilus Damm, Newington. Benjamin Bunker, Clerk, Durham, a. Louisburg, Octr 1st, 1745. Errors Excepted. Sam" Hale. W-° Wi Commissary. DOVER 801 a. In service until October 1, — 32 weeks, 6 days. b. In service until May 20, — 13 weeks, 5 days. 0. Received of the Commissary, one pair of Moga- sons. (/. Received of the Commissary, one pound four shillings. D. " Draughted Men." It was through such conflicts that these genera- tions were prepared for the war of the Revolution. CHAPTER CXVII. DOVEU.— (Continued.) The Revolutionary War.— The sympathies of Dover in the Revolutionary struggle were almost without exception upon the patriotic side. It had few office holderstosympathizewiththeiremployers. The teachings of Rev. Jeremy Belknap from the pulpit were bold and inspiring. The first utterance which is found from Dr. Belk- nap bearing upon the subject which was beginning to enlist the thoughts of our fathers occurs in a ser- mon which he preached Nov. 10, 1772, before His Majesty's Governor, John Wentworth, Esq., at a re- view of the Second Regiment of Foot in Dover. New Hampshire had been inured to military service through its long period of war with the Indians. An old law required every male inhabitant from sixteen to sixty years of age to own a musket, bayonet, knapsack, cartridge-box, one pound of powder, twenty bullets, and twelve flints. This militia was organized into companies and regiments, and subject to frequent drills. The muster-day and the review was :i great occasion. Dover was a centre of this military stir. At this gathering here in November, 1772, the royal Governor, John Wentworth, came up from Ports- mouth. Capt. Walderne, a member of this church, and a staunch friend of his pastor, had invited Dr. Belknap to preach to the troops. The subject chosen by the preacher was " Military Duty." In the course of the sermon he spoke as follows on the necessity of self-defense : "Has the all-wise and merciful Parent of the uni- verse furnished the brute and reptile creation with the necessary instruments of defense, and does the instinct which he has implanted in them prompt them to make use of these weapons for their own subsist- ence and security ? and has He not implanted in man- kind a natural courage or martial spirit and given them skill and power to provide themselves with all the necessary instruments of defense, and can it be supposed that we must make no use of these gifts of nature, even when Providence points out the neces- sity ? Do we guard our fields from devouring beasts, our houses and bodies from the rigors of the weather, and shall we not have the privilege of defending our 51 lives, our liberties, our property, our families, our civil government from hostile invaders? Must we tamely yield to every lawless usurper and suffer tyrants to sport with tlie lives and estates of man- kind? Must all these laws, which the wisdom and experience of ages have founded, must the sacred bonds of society, the peace, the welfare, the happiness of mankind be sacrificed to the impetuous rage of a foreign conqueror ? Forbid it, reason and conscience ; forbid it, ye heroic worthies of old, who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of liars, quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens.'' The officers of the Second Regiment of Foot were so pleased with this address that they asked a copy for the press. The General Assembly of New Hampshire was in session in May this year, 1774. Conformably to the proceedings of the Assemblies of other colonies, the representatives in this province appointed a Commit- tee of Correspondence. Governor Wentworth inter- fered. He adjourned the Assembly. The members met again. The Governor with a sheriff came among them. He declared their meeting illegal. The sheriff" made proclamation for all persons to disperse and keep the king's peace. The members met again, and determined to send letters to all the towns and parishes in the province, requesting them to send deputies to a convention at Exeter, who should choose delegates to a General Congress to meet at Phila- delphia. This was the first movement for rallying the whole of the people of New Hampshire in the great contest. Attached to this most important letter to the several towns was this brief proclamation : " Considering the Distressing situation of our public affairs, Thursday, the 14th inst., is recommended to be kept as a day of Fasting, Humiliation, and Prayer through this Province." The day was observed here in Dover with special religious solemnity. On that occasion, July 14, 1774, Dr. Belknap preached a sermon which bears this title, " On Account of the Difficulties of the Kiiifj.'' The text was from 1 Sam. viii. 18: ''And ye shall cry out in that day because of your king which ye shall have chosen you ; and the Lord will not hear you in that day." A most pertinent text. In this sermon he says: " It is, my brethren, a very dark day to these Amer- ican colonies. Burdens and taxes are laid upon us by the Parliament of Great Britain, and the most forcible attempts are made to bring us to a submis- sion, and what further is intended we know not, but we have reason to fear much, considering how highly they are incensed against us, and what power they have to carry their determination into execution. . . . When a ruler departs from these principles, and sets up any other rule of government than the laws and 802 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Constitution which he is sworn to maintain, then the government degenerates into tyranny." Perhaps the most remai:kable passage in this noble sermon is the following: " Would it not be astonishing to hear that a people who are contending so earnestly for liberty are not willing to allow liberty to others ? Is it not astonish- ing to think that there are at this day, in the several colonies upon this continent, some thousands of men, women, and children detained in bondage and slavery for no other crime than that their skin is of a darker color than our own '? Such is the inconsistency of our conduct ! As we have made them slaves without their consent and without any crime, so it is just in God to permit other men to make slaves of us." The tidings of the battle of Lexington reached Belknap at Dover Point, as he was on his way home from Portsmouth. He sent from the Point the follow- ing note to his wife : " Before you receive this you will hear the awful news by the express I met just now at the ferry of the devastation the troops have made at Concord and the commencement of a civil war, which makes it absolutely necessary that I should proceed immedi- ately to Boston, if it is not in ashes before I get there. I shall try and get a chaise at Greenland. As neces- sity has no law, the people must excuse my absence next Sabbath if I should not return before it." He arrived at Cambridge in due time, and found himself "among ten thousand armed men who had gathered from every quarter" to take part in the next battle. From there he writes to his wife in Dover, " Don't let my gun and munition get out of the house if you can help it." The brave parson knew his gun well. Among his papers is a verv precise description of it. He doubtless thought it most probable that he should be called to fight, in which c:ise no "carnal weapon" could have served him better. While at Cambridge, he preached in the morning in the street and in the afternoon in the meeting- house to the provincial army there assembled. He soon returned home with his parents. Dover for the next few months was ated here by Capt. Benjamin Titcomb. n. " Taken upon Oath the 17th of Octoher 1684 before me. " R. CHAMnERLAIN, J«S( P." John Cutt died on the 27th of March, 1681, and Walderne, of Dover, who was Deputy Governor, suc- ceeded to his office as President of the province ; this post he occupied until the arrival of Edward Cran- field, 4th of October. Of course, while Walderne was at the head of the government, nothing was done regarding the claims of Mason, who was then in Eng- land. The appointment of Cranfield was made in pur- suance of an arrangement in which Mason's interest in the whole province was mortgaged to him for twenty-one years. Cranfield was therefore a party directly interested in Mason's claims, and this was the cause of the rancor with which he pursued those who opposed his purposes. Only six days after his arrival he suspended Walderne and Martyn from the Council on frivolous pretexts, but this use of his power only served to render him odious in the very commencement of his administration. Ashamed, per- haps, of this action, on the 14th of November he restored them to their places. The Assembly met on the same day, but after a short period of harmony, their opposition to his meas- ures became so irritating that the Governor adjourned the Assembly. Its next session was no more to his mind, and he then dissolved it, an act which aroused the anger of the whole body of the people, unused as they were to such proceedings. One person, Ed- ward Gove, a member of the Assembly from Hamp- ton, endeavored in a half-crazy manner to excite the people to arms, but however much they were dissatis- fied with the government, they had no sympathy with Gove's wild proceedings. His attempt failed entirely. He himself was brought to trial on an accusation of high treason. A special court was created Feb. 15, 1682-83, of which Walderne was judge. Gove was convicted, being the first and last man convicted of high treason in the State of New Hampshire, and the horrible sentence of the law was passed upon him by Maj. Walderne ; it is said that the judge shed tears as he pronounced the sentence. In pursuance of the previous arrangements the Gov- ernor called upon the inhabitants, Feb. 14, 1683, to take leases of Mason within one month. But this, of course, was out of the question. Within the month, however, Walderne, accompanied by John Wingate and Thomas Roberts, all large land-owners, waited upon the Governor. He directed them to see Mason ; the proposition of Walderne that the whole affair should be referred to the King was refused, and there was therefore no way of avoiding a series of legal quarrels. Walderne was again suspended from the Council, as were Martyn and Oilman. "The judicial courts -frere also filled with officers proper for the intended busi- ness. Some who had always been disaflTected to the country, and others who had been awed by threats and promises, took leases from Mason, and these served for under-sherifis, jurors, evidences, and other necessary persons. 812 HISTOKY OF STRAFFOKD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. " Things being thus prepared, Mason began his law-suits by a writ against Maj. Walderne (who had always distinguished himself in opposition to his clai m ) for holding lands and felling timber to the amount of four thousand pounds. The major appeared in court and challenged every one of the jury as inter- ested persons, some of them having taken leases of Mason, and all of them having lands which he claimed. The judge then caused the oath oi voire dire to be ad- ministered to each juror, purporting ' that he was not concerned in the lands in question, and that he should neither gain nor lose by the cause.' Upon which the major said aloud to the people present, 'that his was a leading case, and that if he were cast they must all become tenants of Mason, and that all persons in the province being interested, none of them could legally be of the jury.' The cause, however, went on, but he made no defense, asserted no title, and gave no evidence. Judgment was given against him, and at the next Court of Sessions he was fined for ' muti- nous and seditious words.' " Suits 'were instituted against many other land- owners, and decided in the same summary manner. In Dover, besides Walderne, there were John Heard, Sr., William Home, Jenkin Jones, William Furbur, Jr., John Hall, Jr., Joseph Field, Nathaniel Hill, James Huckins, William Tasker, Zachary Field, Philip Chesley, Jr., Thomas Chesley, Robert Burn- ham, Anthony Nutter, William Furbur, Sr., Thomas Paine, Charles Adams, Thomas Edgerly, Hem-y Longstaffe, Thomas Stevenson, John Meader, John Woodman, John Windiet, John Davis, Sr., Joseph Beard, John Roberts, Joseph Stevenson, Samuel Hill, Philip Lewis, John Gerrish, John Hill, Joseph Hall, Thomas Roberts, Sr., and perhaps others, who were thus declared dispossessed. From seven to twelve cases were dispatched each day. Some exe- cutions were levied, but the officers could neither re- tain possession nor find purchasers, so that the prop- erty soon reverted to its owners. These matters went on until the ■ representations of Nathaniel Weare so influenced the Board of Trade that they ordered Cranfield to suspend the suits. Executions, however, were issued after this; the success which they met with maybe learned from an incident which occurred in Dover : Certain officers, attempting to levy an ex- ecution, were driven off; they returned on the Sab- bath, with warrants to apprehend the rioters ; a tu- mult ensued, which was ended by a young girl's knocking down one of the officers with her Bible ; such a spirit it was useless to resist. The suits were suspended, however, and were not resumed until long after Walderne's death. It is un- necessary for us, therefore, to say more than that in the final decision the rights of the colonists were fully preserved. The " proprietors," so called, who bou;iht out the Masonian heirs or holders in the next cen- tury, quit-claimed all settled lands at once ; and thus ended the controversy. CHAPTER CXIX. DOVER.— ( Gontinued.) PROGRESS FROM THE REVOLUTION. The population of the town in 1776 was less than 1700. By a census of the State, taken in the previous year "for the purpose of establishing an adequate representation of the people," Dover was returned as containing males under sixteen years of age, 410; males from sixteen years of age to fifty, not in the army, 342 ; males above fifty years of age, 74 ; per- sons gone in the army, 28; all females, 786; negroes and slaves for life, 26. Total population, 1666. All of the working members of this community were mainly engaged in the cultivation of the soil, and a few of them added thereto the business of sawing logs and grinding corn. A small number perhaps may have been called mechanics, — tanning the leather and making the shoes of their neighbors, shoeing their cattle, building their houses and small boats for the river, etc., when there was any call for such labor. Some lumber business still remained; some ship-building was also carried on at Dover Point ; but all of them relied mainly upon the pro- duce of the land for support; for here, as elsewhere, a man was hardly considered a desirable acquisition to the town unless he had an interest in the soil. As early as 1666 the town had voted that no more per- sons should be admitted to citizenship until all former grants had been laid out and recorded on the town's book, and a list made out of all inhabitants, so that " the town may see how many we are to take care of." There was then little which might properly be called a village in the town. Dover Neck, where the settlers of 1638 had first laid out a city, which was never built, then, as it had for one hundred and fifty years, contained a considerable population. But after Cochecho, as that part of the town around the falls was called, succeeded, in 1713, in removing the place of meeting on the Sabbath by building the new meet- ing-house at Pine Hill, the prestige of the Neck, as the seat of government, which it had maintained for nearly a century, departed. South of the river, stretching from what is now Central Square to the road beyond Pine Hill, there may have been twenty dwelling-houses. On what is now called Silver Street there were half a dozen more. On the north side of the river, in addition to the Walderne house, standing just back of where Morrill's Block now stands, there were but four other houses on all the territory now comprising the most thickly-settled section of the city. The landing was principally used as a depot for the lumber and for tying up the boats of those of the inhabitants who possessed boats, and there was in addition a few scattered trees, remnants of the for- ests which once covered it, and a cooper's shop only. These were the main, if not the only, roads for travel DOVER. 8ia through the town. Of the buildings then standing upon them, not more than half a dozen now remain. The long winding street from Garrison Hill through the landing to Pine Hill still exists, hut the whole conformation of the land over which it passes has been greatly changed. Hills have been dug down and ra- vines filled up, if the crooked places have not always been made straight, not only in the vicinity of the falls, but elsewhere along its course, until hardly one stone remains upon another, or one shovelful of earth rests where it did at that time. The only public buildings in the place were the meeting-house, built in 1758, the predecessor of the present house at the Corner; the Friends' meeting- house, now standing, built in 1770; the jail, of un- known antiquity, which was located where Daniel Niles' house now stands ; and a school-house, which stood on or near the spot where the building so long devoted to the purpose of " teaching the young idea how to shoot" still stands, though now used as a ward house. At the Falls, near the upper bridge, besides the Walderne house already referred to, its then occupant, Thomas Westbrook Walderne, the fourth in descent from Maj. Richard Walderne, the first proprietor, had a saw- and grist-mill. His barns occupied the pres- ent site of the American House, and his possessions stretched from the river far away towards Garrison Hill. Opposite to him, on the south side of the river, the descendants of old Peter Coffin were still .lords of the soil, holding it so tenaciously that when, in 1820 or thereabouts, the town laid out Washington Street, they refused for a long time to accept the money which was awarded them as damages, considering it little less than sacrilege to alienate any part of the land which their far-off ancestor had handed down to them. Within the last forty years, CoflBn's woods, now covered in part by streets and residences and the railroad track, Coffin's orchard of antediluvian apple- trees, occupying all the space from Washington up to and beyond Orchard Street, and jutting down into the very heart of the city, and Coffin's Brook, over which the City Hall has been erected, have disap- peared, but the brook, covered from view, still flows on. On all the territory now comprising the compact part of the city there must in 1776 have been less than fifty families. The old Dover Hotel, or some parts of it, then Gage's tavern, stood where it now stands. Eev. Jeremy Belknap, afterwards known as the " Historian of New Hampshire," was the minister in the town, living in the house which he built, and which was taken down to make place for the Belknap school-house. Col. Thomas W. Walderne, Col. Otis Baker, Col. John Gage, Capt. Stephen Evans, Capt. Caleb Hodgdon, Capt. Joshua Wentworth, and Capt. John Walderne were its most prominent inhabitants, serving as officers in the provincial militia, as mod- erators at town-meetings, as selectmen, and as rep- resentatives in the Provincial Legislature. John Wentworth, Jr., was the only lawyer. John Sullivan, of Durham (once a part of Dover), was the only other lawyer of the county. He was drilling a company of minute-men, and he became a major-general in the Revolution. There was little trade in the town ; the few articles for consumption or wear not produced at home were bought of itinerant dealers or procured at Portsmouth, which with Exeter, then theseat of the provincial gov- ernment, was the residence of the principal men of the State. The spoils of Governor Wentworth's seat, at Wolfeborough, consisting, among other things, of " a valuable collection of books and two fine weather- glasses," having been confiscated and advertised by the Committee of Safety for sale in Dover, the As- sembly, " considering that they would be more likely to sell at a much greater advantage at Exeter, where there was a constant resort of people from other towns,'' ordered the sale to be adjourned to that place. The keys of a store which was opened here in 1776, by James McMarster, of Portsmouth, and put in charge of one Peter Mitchell, were taken from him by the Committee of Safety, and his goods confiscated be- cause of his disloyalty to the patriot cause ; and stringent resolutions were passed in town-meeting against dealing with hawkers, peddlers, and petty chapmen, who were represented as " strolling through the country with goods, wares, and merchandise, much of it undoubtedly forwarded by enemies of the country." Innholders, especially, were forbidden to entertain such persons under the penalty of having their licenses taken from them. Though the province had been divided into coun- ties, and Straiford County had been organized in 1771, it was not until 1773 that it had its separate courts, all its judicial business being transacted in Rockingham County, on account of the sparseness of the population here. Such was the condition of Dover, briefly sketched, when the Revolution commenced and the country entered upon the great struggle for independence. Early in the contest the people had assembled in town-meeting, and with great unanimity pledged their best efforts for their country's success, and they made this resolution good by contributing to the extent of their ability both of men and money to secure it. The close of the war of the Revolution left the coun- try poor and deeply in debt, with a worthless currency, and the people distressed for the means of paying their taxes and their private obligations. Then, as in recent times, the effects of war were widely felt long after the cessation of hostilities, and it was not until after the establishment of the Constitution that the prosperity and business of the country began to revive. The ratification of this new bond of union by the requisite number of States was hailed in Dover as elsewhere, with great rejoicings. 814 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Dover then had no newspaper, and some correspon- dent here sent the subjoined notice of the great occa- sion to the newspaper at Portsmouth, from which it was copied into the Salem Mercury. The printer un- fortunately considered his space of more importance than the order of procession, omitted it in the publi- cation, and there is now no living witness of the event who can supply it: " PoETSMOOTH, July 1st.— A Correspondent has favored us with the fol- lowing sketch of the Procession at Dover, in Consequence of having the most injportant Pillar in Federal Edifice Erected in New Haiiirshiro : In the afternoon of Tuesday last, a nuniher of gentlemen of that town as- sembled, and being embodied. Nine Cannon were discharged, at the dis- tance of nine minutes from each other— the nine States in the Union were given as toasts, one injmediatily preceding each Cannon, in tlie order they adopted the Constitution, and were succeeded by Nino Oheeis. "The Corps of LiKht Horse and a company on foot joined— The mem- ber of the Convention from Dover, was tWen waited on, and a toast was given as a testament of thanks, for his services and succeeded byMusick and a feu-de-joy from horse and foot. [Here follows an account of the order of procession.] After passing the town, animated liy the approv- ing smiles of the ladies present— a semicircle was formed near the meet- ing-house, where Nine Cannon were again discharged, and nine toasts were publickly given. After repeated cheers and expressions of unaf- fected joy, the Company received an invitation to the Hall-Chamber, where nine flowing bowls, and fonr Empty ones stood prepared for their reception, and Nine social Songs were sung, which closed the Evening in harmony." The four empty bowls were symbolic of the four States which had not at that time ratified the Consti- tution, as the nine flowing ones were of those which had. What added interest to the occasion was the fact that New Hampshire was the ninth State which ratified the great charter, and the ninth State made the Union of the States a living reality. In 1790, when the census was first taken by au- thority of Congress, Dover had a population of nine- teen hundred and ninety-eight, having increased but one hundred and thirty-two in the fifteen previous years. In 1800 the number was two thousand and sixty-two, an addition of sixty-four only. Slavery had in a great measure disappeared during the Revolution, and was finally extinguished on the adoption of the State Constitution. Some of those held to service had purchased their freedom, some had taken it by going abroad and failing to return, others had been voluntarily emancipated. Thomas West- brook Walderne, in his will, dated Aug. 7, 1779, bequeaths to heirs his negro Dinah and her two chil- dren, Chloe and Plato. The framers of the Constitu- tion, while making provision for the freedom of those born from and after its adoption, appear to have thought it expedient to leave the few that remained nominally the property of those who had profited by their services, so far at least as to require them to sup- port those unable to support them.selves, instead of leaving them to become town paupers. This is ap- parent from the fact that in 1798, on the petition of a citizen to have the town " accountable for the future maintenance of a poor negro woman then in his family," the town voted that it would not be account- able. During this period the town was slowly recovering from the depression consequent on the war. Dr. Dwight, in his travels through New England in 1796, in recording his impressionsof the town, uses the fol- lowing language : "The scite of Dover is chiefly a de- clivity. The buildings are substantial and decent, but formed with very little taste or beauty. A small num- ber of them only are painted, and most of these with a dull, disagreeable color. There is nothing sprightly in the appearance of the town, except the activity of its inhabitants. The commerce of Dover consists chiefly in lumber. The material is daily diminish- ing, and in a short time will probably fail. Whether a substitute can be found by the inhabitants, I am ignorant." In 1792 the first newspaper published in the place appeared, and we are able to glean from its columns some idea of what Dover was doing. Trade and a variety of mechanical pursuits had been added to its industry. The selectmen were directed by a vote of the town to sell lots on the Landing, for the purpose of promoting and encouraging trade. Many lots were thus disposed of, stores were built, and business began to grow up in that locality. The bridge over the Pascataqua, leading from Durham to Newington, and connecting Dover with Portsmouth, was opened. A post-ofBce was established, a court-house was built in 1791, and is still standing, turned half round and now cut up into dv.ellings. In that court-house used to be heard Jeremiah Smith, Webster, Mason, and Bart- lett. The Strafford Bank was incorporated. The Leg- islature, for the first and last time in its history, held its session here in 1792. Ship-building to some ex- tent was followed. Dover merchants shipped lumber and other products to the West Indies, receiving in return molasses, sugar, rum, etc. Some of them im- ported goods directly from Europe, and advertised them for sale by the cargo. The Landing at this time first became the centre of business, and continued for years the principal mart of trade. Its merchants dealt with all the surrounding countrj^ up to and be- yond the " Pond" (in modern parlance Winne- pesaukee Lake) and the White Mountains. On a winter's day, as old people have often related, the country teams coming into town in the morning fre- quently extended from Ela's tavern to near the foot of Garrison Hill. In 1810 the population of the town had increased to two thousand two hundred and twenty-eight. Dr. Dwight, who again visited Dover about this time, says, " I found Dover considerably improved since my last visit, and, what was not a little gratifying to me, furnished with a good minister of the gospel." The embargo and the war of 1812 interfering with mercantile pursuits, the business men of the town embarked in other industries. In 1812 the Dover Cotton-Factory was incorporated, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars, and, as the Lower Falls were supposed to be fully occupied with the saw- and DOVER. 815 grist-mills thereon, the first factory was built two miles up the river, and was long known as the Upper factory. This was built in 1812, and, like most new enterprises, was but moderately successful to its pro- jectors. In 1821 a nail-factory was established at the Lower Falls, at which one thousand tons of iron were rolled and seven hundred tons manufaciured into nails annually, but this business becoming unprofit- able it was abandoned. At this time (1821) the Dover Cotton-Factory, hav- ing obtained possession of the Lower Falls, so long the property chiefly of the Waldron family, enlarged their operations. They increased their capital to five hundred thousand dollars, and built the first cotton- mill erected in the village. This is now known as No. 2, having been so called when erected to distin- guish it from the mill at the Upper Falls, which was long since taken down. The remaining history of this manufacture, which transformed Dover into a city, will be given farther on. The rapid advancement of the town in wealth and population dates from the establishment of this great enterprise. In 1820 the population was 2870. Within the next ten years these numbers had nearly doubled, the census of 1830 showing the population to be 5449, while the taxable property had more than doubled. In this time many new streets had been laid out and new bridges built, hundreds of new dwellings had been erected, five or six new religious societies organ- ized and new churches built. In 1823 the Dover Bank and the Savings-Bank of the county of Straf- ford were chartered, the Dover Aqueduct Company incorporated, and the Strafford Guards organized. Two additional newspapers (the Gazette in 1825, and the Enquirer in 1828) had been established to aid the Dover Sun (which for thirty years had shone for all) in giving light to the people. Old Dover, after a life of two centuries, had passed away, and a new town with a new population and new industries had come into existence. Previous to this time it had been ex- ceeded in population not only by Portsmouth, but by Gilmanton, Sanbornton, and several other farming towns in the State which had not been settled for more than one hundred years after the Hiltons landed at Dover Point, but now it became second only to Portsmouth, a position which it maintained for nearly twenty years, or until the sudden growth of Manches- ter made that the metropolitan city of New Hamp- shire. In 1840 the population of Dover had increased to 6458, and its proportion of the State tax from $11.17 in 1820 to $30.98. In 1850 the population was 8186; the valuation $2,917,598. During the first of these decades (1830 to 1840) business was somewhat affected from various causes. The disastrous effects of Eastern land 'speculations, the excitement in relation to nullification and the tariff', the suspension of specie payments and the monetary revulsions which followed crippled busi- ness and retarded and in some cases put an end to enterprises here as well as elsewhere in the country. Many manufacturing establishments suspended oper- ations for a season, wages in others were reduced, and turnouts among the operatives added to the derange- ment. All the mills in Dover were for a time idle. The population and business of the town, however, made a handsome increase in these ten years, though not in so great a ratio as in the previous ten. Many handsome dwellings were erectSd, and several new business blocks were added to those previously built. In 1841 the opening of the Boston and Maine Kailroad, and the construction a few years after of the Cochecho Railroad to Alton, to both of which Dover people contributed liberally, had a marked ef- fect upon the business of the town. While its local trade and interests were on the increase, its impor- tance as a distributing point for interior trade declined. The Dover Packet Company, which had for many years given life and activity to the wharves and store- houses on the river, soon discharged its last cargo, the Landing ceased to be the centre of business, which from this time gathered around the railroad station and the streets leading most directly to it. The Dover Packet Company, when in its prosperity, was the only channel of intercourse between Dover and the business world. With all the freight of the manufacturing company and that of the business men of the place to carry, it employed quite a num- ber of coasting vessels, and its commerce with Boston was larger than that of any other place east of New York except Portsmouth. A Boston paper of the period remarks with satisfaction at the growing im- portance of the manufacturing business, when a large portion of the cotton goods consumed in the country were imported, that " the last Dover packet from New Hampshire brought nearly as-many cotton and woolen goods to this market as were brought by the packet-ship ' Dover,' and more than were brought by the packet 'New England,' from Liverpool. Cot- ton goods which were purchased in England for thirty-eight cents, and thought remarkably cheap, were not better cottons than now can be purchased here at twenty cents." Any other highway for the transportation of heavy goods than that of water was then undreamed of. Surveys for a canal from Dover to the lake had been made, and the feasibility of building it was a matter of frequent discussion. A steamboat was put upon the lake in 1833 by the aid, in part, of the business men of Dover. In 1836 an appropriation of ten thousand dollars was obtained from the general government for improving the navi- gation of the Cochecho. The era of railroads, how- ever, was approaching; notices began to appear in the papers that a road was in the process of construc- tion from Wilmington to Andover, meetings were held to aid in its continuance to Dover, and on the 31st of August, 1835, books for subscriptions to its 81rt HISTORY OF STRAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. stock were opened in Dover. With the decline of its commerce, ship-building as an art died out on the Cochecho. The last vessel of any considerable size built here, a ship of six hundred tons, was launched Sept. 14, 1837, by Capt. Eobert Rogers, from his yard near the Gulf. In 1842 the town-hall building, with accommoda- tions for the county courts, county offices, town officers, etc., was built at an expense of more than $20,000 ; to be rebuilt and enlarged in 1867, after being badly damaged by fire, at a cost of more than $50,000. In 1847 the introduction of the shoe manufacture and trade for the Southern and Western markets added largely to the business of the place, employing after a few years a large capital, and in a good season more workmen than any other industry. The Sawyer Woolen-Mills, another enterprise of the last twenty-five years, and of growing importance, has built up a new village in the south part of the city. Its history will be given farther on. In 1855 the town government, after an existence of two hundred and twenty-two years, or from 1633, was superseded by a city organization. With the city government came in the use of gas in lighting the streets and dwellings, improved side- walks, a police court, a more efficient administration of the laws, and other " city institutions," quiet and orderly elections included, — the business of voting being dispatched in a day instead of occupying two or three as frequently occurred under the town organi- zation, — the only drawback being the usual penalty of greatness, an increase of taxation. In 1860 the population of the city was eight thou- sand five hundred and two; its valuation, $3,884,842. In 1870 the number of inhabitants was nine thousand two hundred and ninety-four; the valuation, $5,018,- 320, showing a comparatively small increase during the ten years, which will be long remembered for the great war for the preservation of the Union which was fought to a successful issue, and the great sacrifice of life and property which was required. To raise and put its quota into the service, under the various calls which were issued, the city advanced upwards of .$250,000, increasing its expenditures from $59,272 in 1860 to $233,462 in 1865. In 1871 Congress appropriated $10,000 for the pur- pose of removing obstructions in Cochecho River. In 1872 an additional sum of $10,000 was granted, fol- lowed by a like amount in each of the two following years. In 1875 the sum was increased to $25,000, and later a further sum of $15,000, which gave free access to all vessels which are employed in the coal and other freighting business upon the river. In November, 1872, ground was broken for the con- struction of the Portsmouth and Dover Railroad, an enterprise which had been in contemplation for more than twenty years. The road was built in that and the following year, and opened for travel in Febru- ary, 1874, costing some $800,000, of which sum the city, in its municipal capacity, contributed $225,000, while many of its citizens made liberal private sub- scriptions. In March, 1875, the " Dover Building Association" was organized with a capital of $10,000. Since that time it has invested between thirty and forty thou- sand dollars in real estate, building about thirty dwelling-houses, many of which have already been satisfactorily disposed of, affiarding handsome divi- dends to the stockholders in the enterprise, and fur- nishing desirable tenements to a valuable class of population. In 1876 the valuation of the city for purposes of taxation had increased to $7,339,828. Add to this the investments in railroads, 'athaniel P. Holt, Benjamin F, Home, Gustavus P. Kelley, Pluses R. Kimball, Charles B. Knott, James. Knox, Charles A. McDate, Patrick. JIcDate, Joseph. McDule, Hugh. McKenna, James. McKone, Jamea. "McKone, Michael, jrerrill, John Jr. Otis, William. Patterson, John H. Paul, George W. Perkins, Daniel L. Perkins, James. Piukham, John S. Pinkham, William W. Place, James G. K. Place, John H. Printy, Edward, Quimby, Joseph C. Band, John T. Roberts, Charles P. Roberta, George W. Roberts, John. Rogers, Charlefi F. Robinson, William A. Rothwell, Eleazer. Kowe, Stephen. Sawyer, Charles W. Seavey, Charles H, Shaw, William. Smith. Daniel. Smith, Charles Herbert. Smith, John H. Snell, Albert F. Snell, William H. Steele, George H. Swain, Truman C. Thompson, Samuel. Tompkins, Charles R. Webster, Samuel. Wallace, Sylvester B. Welch, John. Wentworth, George G. Whitehouse, Alfred. Whyte, Andrew. Willey, George W. York, George, York, Josiah. The above is the list as corrected for the soldiers' monument of those who were killed or died in the service during the Rebellion. A soldiers' monument was erected in the Pine Hill burying-ground by Charles W. Sawyer Post, G. A. R., and dedicated Sept. 17, 1877. Benjamin F. Trescott, Governor of the State, made the opening address, and the oration given by Eev. Alonzo H. Quint, D.D., former chaplain of the Second Massachusetts Volun- teer Infantry. S. H. Foye, mayor, was president of the day. Military Record, 1861-65 - The following list embraces, so far as we know, the names of all the citizens of Dover who now are or have been since the commencement of the war in the military or naval service of the United States. The record has been corrected from the list prepared by the city clerk, and is as correct as time and circumstances permitted. FIRST REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three months.) Mustered into service May 1, 1861. Left Concord May 25, 1861. Col- onel, Mason W. Tappan, Bradford. Company A. George W. Colbath, 1st lieut. Oliver M. Clark, 2d lieut. Ayer, Erastus M. Ashton, James H , re-enl. in the navy. Bickford, Joseph C, re-enl. In 7th Regt, Co. F. Brown, Enoch G., re-enl. in 17th Regt., regular army. Chase, George H., re-enl. in sharpshooters. Corson, Martin V. B., re-enl. in 4th Regt., Co. A. Cochran, Adam, re-enl, in N. E. Cavalry. Daniels, Charles. Dame, John S. Foot, George E., re-enl. in 11th Regt., Co. K. Gordon, Eben. Gleason, James. Goodwin, Samuel H., re-enl. in N. E. Cavalry. Guppy, George N., re-enl. in navy. Giles, Charles P. Hartford, George, re-enl. in 7th Regt., Co. F. Haines, David. Hanscom, S. 0. Hogan, William H. Kennistou, Samuel F., re-enl. in 7th Regt., Co. F. Knox, Charles H., drowned at New York on his retum^^ome with his regiment. Kimball, Edward L., re-enl. in cavalry. Kimball, Orrin. Lane, Joseph, re-enl. in 4th Regt., Co. A. Mudgf^tt, Jacob H., re-enl. in Mass. Sharpshooters. Meader, Thomas F, Meserve, George H. O'Brien, Owen. Perkins, Jlartin V. B., re-enl. in 7th, Regt., Co. F. DOVER. 855 Philbrick, Ivory E., re-eiil. in N. E. Cavalry. Place, JohQ W., re-enl. in 7th Kegt. Co. F. Perkins, Samuel, re-enl. in 7th Kegt. Co. I. Rollins, CharlPB L. Roberts, John H., re-enl. in 4th Kegt. Co. A. Richards, P. B. Smith, Charles F., re-enl. in cavalry. Steele, Thomas M., re-enl. in navy. Shiipley, Martin L., re-enl. in 4th Regt. Co. G. Tompkins, Charles K., re-enl. in 11th Regt. Co. K. Varney, Shubael. Whitehouse, George W., re-enl. in 4th Regt. Co. G. Welsh, John, re-enl. in 5th Regt. Co. D. "Woodes, Jrtines M. Wiggin, Harvey F.', re-enl. in 4th Regt. Co. A. York, James G., re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co. F. Company B. Chiirles W. Sawyer, 1st lieut. Jasper G. Wallace, 2d lieut. Bryant, Perley B., re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co. I. Dame, Benjamin F, Dixon, James W. Dame, James C. Emery, George W., re-enl. in 9th Regt. Co. D. Fogg, John M. Foss, David II., re-enl. in 7th Kegt. Co. F. Grant, Lucien H., re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co.F. Hanson, William E., re-enl. in 6th Regt. Co. H. Hanson, Harrison, re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co. F. Heath, Aloiizo, re-enl. in 9th Regt. Co. D. Hawkins, William H., re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co. I. Hall, Stephen T., re-enl. in 4th Kegt. Co. A. Lord, Horace W., re-enl. in 8th Regt. Co. G. Legg, liucien B., Jr., re-enl. in 4th Regt. Co. G. Lewis, John C. Law, Thomas, re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co. F. Merrick, Stephen W. Keay, William H., re-enl. in 6th Regt. Co. H. Rogers, Charles F., re-enl. in 5th Regt. Co. D. Rowe, Stephen, re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co. F. Randall, Jeremiah D. Waldron, John B., re-enl. in 6th Regt. Co. H. Wentworth, Clark, re-enl. in regular army, 17th Regt. Webster, Samuel, re-enl. in 7th Regt. Co. F. SECOND REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Mustered into service June 8, 1861, left Portsmouth June 20, 1861.) Colonel, Gilman Marston, Exeter. Company D. Hiram Collins, capt., wounded at Bull Run July 21, 1861. Samuel P. Saylea, 1st lieut.; wounded at Glendale June 30, 1862, capt. Parmenter, Warren H , 2d lieut.; res. July 8, 1862. Roberts, George W., 1st lieut. Co. C. Abbott, Alexander L., disch. and re-enl. Ashton, Benjamin F., Co. K; captured at Williamsburg; exchanged. Chadboume, Moses C. Chadwick, Luther W., disch. July, 1861, for disability. Colby, Moses J., disch. for disability. Davis, James, wounded at Williamsburg. Downs, Calvin G. Drew, Daniel L. Durgin, John H. Drew, Martin Y. B., disch. July, 1861 ; re-enl. in 6th Regt. Co. H. Emerson, Henry H., captured at Bull Run July 21, 1861; exchanged; re-enl. in 10th Regt., Co. I. Goodwin, Ezra C, wounded at Bull Run Aug. 29, 1862. Gerrish, Benjamin F. Hall, Isaac G. Jenness, Henry 0., wounded at Williamsburg May 5, 1862. Kane, Peter, disch. Jan. 1862, for disability. Lord, John F. Logan, Johnson C, captured at Bull Run Aug. 29, 1862, and exchanged. Labounty, William A., Co. F; wounded at Bull Run Aug. 29, 1862, and died. McCabe, John. Otis, John H. Roberts, Charles P., wounded at Bull Run Aug. 29, 1862; died. Soesman, Flavius A,, Co. B ; wounded at Fair Oaks June 26, 1862. Shepherd, J. Thompson, James A. Tash, Edwin S., disch. July 16, 1861, for disability. Watson, Charles E. THIRD REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Concord Sept. 3, 1861.) Colonel, Enoch Q. Fellows, Sandwich. Surgeon, Andrew J. H. Buzzell. Company K. Israel B. Littlefleld, capt., res. April 1,1862. Welbee J. Butterfield, Ist lieut., res. March 6, 1863. Allen, Charles H. Brown, Charles H. Bolo, George X. Burns, Charles M. Ball, Joseph H. Cassidy, James. Campbell, Nathaniel J. Davis, Henry S. Bustin, Adrian C. Estes, Leonard. Edgerly, Jonathan H. Farrill, Thomas. Fitzgerald, John J. Frye, Augustus. Houston, Harrison. Hanlan, Joseph, Hall, Edwin F. Jndkins, Henry. Lock, John C. McLain, Hugh. O'Connell. Timothy, Co. C, Parkinson, John W. Place, John. Kahili, James H. Sherry, Patrick. Stokes, Benjamin. Warren, Frederick A. Warren, Paul C. FOURTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Manchester Sept. 7, 1861.) Colonel Thomas J. Whipple, Laconia. Company A. Charles W. Sawyer, capt. Jasper G. Wallace, 1st lieut. Harvey F. Wiggin, 1st lieut., Co. I. Bolo, Andrew J. Bateman, Richard W. Bean, Levi, Brooks, William H., Co. G. Clay, Charles H. Carter, Charles A. Carroll, Edw;ird. Cole, Jeremiah. Corson, Martin V. B. Durgin, George W. Fall, John J. Frost, David D. Gage, George F. Hayes, David C. Hall, Stephen T. Hughes, John. Hughes, Barnard. Jackson, John. Lord, John A. Lane, Joseph. Legg, Lucien B., Jr. McGuinness, John, Jr. Mullen, John. McGaw, Michael. McDade, Joseph. Osgood, James T. Quimby, John W. Roberts, John H. Rose, Joseph F. Ricker, Oliver P. Shapleigh, Martin L. Shakley, George, Tibbetts, George W. Wallace, Nelson J. Whitehouse, George W. Welsh, James, Watson, John L. Wendell, David A. Wentworth, John A. Watson, Barnard F. FIFTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Concord Oct. 29, 1861.) Colonel, Edward E. Cross, Lancaster. COMPAKY D. Avery, Edgar. Bliss, Charles. Boulter, Joseph B. Cliurch, Charles, disch. Aug. 6, 1862, for disability. Edgerly, Charles R., disch. May 14, 1862, for disability. Foss, Joel S., disch. Oct. 1862, for disability. Gilpatrick, Reuben E. Gale, William. Hawkins, John D., died Jan. 7, 1862. Ivirs, William. Leighton, Samuel R. McCone, John. McCone, James. Mitchell, Andrew J., discharged. Murrill, John Jr., died April, 1862. Mulligan, Martin. Murphy, Peter. Newell, Charles H. Otis, William L. Peavey, John. Pinkham, Andrew J. 85t) HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Keynolds, Andrew T. Rogers, Geo. F. Bbines, John. Rothwell, Jerry. Ryan, JohD. Wentworth, George G., died July 14, 1862. Welch, John, wounded at Freder- icksburg, and died. Whitehouae, Joseph H. I SIXTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Keene Dec. 25, 1861 .) Colonel, Simon G. Griffin. Abbott, Philbrick R. Adams, Jno. T., Co. D. Bolo, John W. Bodwell, Charles A. Drew, Martin V., diach. ability. Drew, Andrew J, Garrity, John. Fountain, Joseph. Hanson, William E. Hersom, Oliver, Jr. Hanson, George W. Company H, Hussey, George W. Hussey, John W. Knott, Thomas. Keay, William H. for dis- McKenna, Jamea. McCone, James. McSoley, Patrick. Pinkham, John H. Varaey, James R. Varney, George W. Waldron, John B. Wbittier, Osgood T. SEVENTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Manchester Jan. 14, 1862.) Colonel, H.S. Putnam, Cornish. Major, Daniel Smith, died August, 1862. Adjutant, Thomas A. Henderson. Quartermaster, George S. Hanson. Company F. Augustus W. Rollings, captain. Oliver M. Clark, Ist lieutenant. Leander Fogg, 1st lieutenant Co. K. Parley B. Bryant, 2d lieuteoant Co. Austin, Jacob K. Bickford, Joseph C. Baker, John C. Butler, Edwin C. Brown, John B. Buzzell, George E. Brown, Patrick. Bradford, Francis I. Bedell, Ivory. Blake, Aaron H. Bunco, George. Card, Sylvester. Cilley, Benjamin F. Cousios, Charles E. Clark, William, Jr. Claridge, Ira. Chadwick, Charles E. Caverno, Michael. Curtis, Francis. Gate, Nathaniel S. Cook, George W. Carpenter, Samuel C. Cook, Benjamin F. Cotton, James. Dearborn, Wyman, discharged for disability. Decatur, William. Dudley, George W. Dunn, Frank. Evans, Josiah. Foss, David H. Felker, Jonathan K. Keenan, Peter. Kimball, James. Kimball, James A. Knox, Erastus, Law, Thomas. Lord, Charles F. Libbey, James H. Littlefield, Rufus C. Meader, John F. I. McDual, Hugh. McCody, Patrick. McKanna, Michael. McKone, Michael. Meader, Thomas F. Otis, John 0. Perkins, James. Petty, Richard R. Pinkham, Henry A. Patterson, John H, Perkins, Samuel. Perkins, Martin Y. B. Pickering, Levi, Place, John W. Roberts, George. Rand, John T. Riley, James. Roberts, John. Ripley, George H. Foss, Moses W. Fmnegan, James. Farrall, Thomas E. Foss, Drew, Fisher, John. Gibbs, John F. Gray, William H. Green, Willis C. Goodwin, Nathaniel. Grant, Henry. Gray, Solomon S. Grant, Charles. Guppy, Langdon. Gran', Lucien. Hall, Henry. Hewes, Andrew J. Harltford, George. Hill, Moses C. Hemenway, Albert. Hughes, Patrick R. Hanson, Harrison. Uaughey, Patrick. Haughey, John, Jr. Holt, Joseph N. Hanson, George W. Hobbs, Nathaniel P. Jenness, George W. Kimball, Charles B. Kelley, Moses R. Kenniston, Franklin. Kenniston, Samuel D. Kimball, Orin. Rowe, Stephen. Rahill, Michael. Robinson, Elbridge G. King, Thomas. Stack pole, George K, Stackpole, Charles. Stackpole, Josiah. Smith, John H. Smith, Charles W. Smith, David D. Snell, Albert F. Shaw, William. Snell, Seth. Thompson, Samuel. Thayer, William P. Worcester, Albert. Whitehead, John. Warren, Edwin, F. Wentworih, Charles H. Wentworth, Ephraim. Willey, James. Willey, George W. Wentworth, Ezekiel. Webster, Samuei. Wiggin, J. Munroe. York, George H, York, James G. York, Josiah. EIGHTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Manchester Jan. 25, 1862.) Colonel, Hawkes Fearing, Jr., Manchester. Company G. Fernald, William H. H. Sawyer, Horatio 6. Lord, Horace W. Walker, Henry. Roberts, Charles A. NINTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Concord Aug. 2-5, 1862.) Colonel, E. Q. Fellows, Sandwich. Chaplain, Edward M. Gushee, Dover. Company D Andrew J. Hough, Ist lieutenant, subsequently captain. ' Abbott, Orin S. Burley, Charles H. Bunce, Eli. Brewster, William A. Daney, Hiel P. Donovan, John. Emery, George W. Frye, Charles A. Foster, Charles E. Hall, Charies F. Hall, Stacy W. Heath, Alonzo. Ham, John. Jenness, George. Judge, John. Knott, Edward. Lyons, John, Jr. McDonald, Patrick. McCooley, Patrick. McCoole, Dennis. McDade, Patrick. Otis, Sylvester. Quiniby, Joseph C. Quimby, James M. Roberts, William. Simpkins, Luke. Staples, John W. Towle, Patrick. Vallely, John. Whyte, Andrew. TENTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Manchester Sept. 22, 1862.) Colonel, Michael T. Donohoe. Richard Cody, 1st lieut. James Knott, 2d lieut. Agnew, Henry. Agnew, Michael. Bodge, Stephen. Berry, Alonzo F. W. Caton, James. Cox, Henry. Card, Joseph. Coin, Patrick. Dobbins, James. Davis, Samuel C. Emerson, Henry H. Fisher, Erastus E. Follett, James W. Foy, William. Gleason, Andrew. Grimes, Robert. Hughes, John. Hughes, Michael. Kemball, Charles W. Littlefield, George W. Lord, Charles A., Co. A. COBIPANY I, resigned. McNally, Dennis. Moor, George. Morgan, John. Morrison, Matthew. Marky, Thomas. McDonald, Jamea. McCoy, Henry. Murphy, Frank. Pinkham, John S. Printy, Edward. Pinkham, William. Pinkham, John F. Renshaw, James B. Rogers, Owen. Sullivan, Thomas. Starlln, John. Sullivan, John. Scully, Dennis. Sheeham, Michael. Tolmy, Nicholas. DOVER. 857 ELEVENTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For three years. Left Concord Sept. 11, 1862.) Col. Walter Harriman, Warner. Company K. Nathaniel Low, Jr., capt. B. Frank Rackley, Ist lieut., res. Dec. 24, 1862. Henry W. Twombly,2d lieut ,pro. Dec. 24, 1862. Charles E. Everett, 2d lieut., pro. Dec. 24, 1862. Amazeen, Abraham. Blaisdell, David L. Boardman, Thomas. Boardmaii, Thomas W. Brown, Nathaniel. Berry, George G. Babb, John A. Boston, James. Chamberlain, Joseph. Cook, Charles H. Caswell, George A. Dame, Joseph. Demeritt, James H. Davis, William H. Delaney, John W, Dame, Albert "W. Everett, Clarendon. Everett, L. Theodore. Foss, Joshua B. Foot, George E. French, Joseph H. Foxon, George K. Franklin, James W. Flanders, Charles H. Ford, William H. Fernald, John S. P. Ford, Noah P. Goodrich, Charles A. Gray, Joshua B. Gove, Hiram. Gould, Arthur J. Glidden, Benjamin F., died at Fal- mouth. Dec. 9, 1862. Glidden, Henry S. Hill, Charles W. Hartford, Joseph L. Hanson, Enoch T. Howard, William T. Hill, Albert A. Jones, Charles M. Jenness, Franklin H. Kingsbury, Calvin P. Lord, Charles E. Moore, Moses H. McGuinness, Patrick. Header, Jasper Y. Norton, William H. Nason, Reuben, wounded at Fred- ericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862, dis- charged. Pray, John C, paroled prisoner at Annapolis. Palmer, John G. Robinson, Edward H. Seavey, Henry. Seates, Charles E. Smith, Charles H. Sawyer, Levi N. Snell, William H. Spurlin, Charles F. Swain, Truman. Trickey, Nathaniel. Tompkins, Charles R. Tolmy, James. Waterhouse, Charles H. Whidden, Alfred S. Whyte, Andrew, Jr. Whitehouse, Joseph. Webster, Benjamin K. Warren, Charles W. Young, Louis A. Young, Jacob N. TWELFTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. Rust, Charles A., Co. K. FOURTEENTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. Hussey, Albert F., q.ni.-a^rgt. FIFTEENTH REGIMENT NEW HAMPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. (For nine months. Left Concord December, 1862.) Colonel, John W. Kingman, Durham. Chaplain, Edwin M. Weelock. Quartermaster, Ira A. Moody. Quartermaster-sergeant, George W. Hobbs. Quartermaster's clerk, W. Delmore Place. Company K. John 0. Wallingford, Ist lieut. Bunce, Charles. Smith, John. Gowen, John. SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT. Brown, Enoch. Paul, George W. Bennett, Charles W. Pinkham, Nathaniel. Clark, William B. Sherry, John H. Davis, Augustus A. Sanborn, Austin. Drew, Joseph. Wentworth, George N. Drew, John S. Walker, John. Giles, Charles P. Watson, Isaac. Gale, Albert. Wentworth, Clark. McCabe, Francis. York, Gilinan J. McCabe, John. Cionner, Isaiah C. Fuller, Henry F. Gowing, John. Goodwin, James F. Hodgdon, Joseph H. EIGHTEENTH REGIMENT. Stackpole, Albert F. Tebbets, George B. Woods, J. H. C. Whitehouse, Alonzo H. NEW ENGLAND CAVALRY. Heath, George W. Kimball, Edward L, Littlefield, Cyrus. Pinkham, Thomas B. Philbrick, Ivory E. Stockbridge, Ira. Smith, Charles F. Torrens, James W. Tuttle, John L. Wentworth, Hiram S. Pray, Andrew. Rothwell, Eleazer. Allen, Charles E. Bean, John. Bean, Jonathan. Bean, Jonathan M. Cochran, Adam. Coleman, David. Colomy, Daniel, Jr. Carnes, Edward. Corson, Benjamin F. Dore, Charles A. Goodwin, Samuel H. Glidden, Charles A. Hill, Lebbeus. FOURTH COMPANY HEAVY ARTILLERY. Merrill, Isaac K. Meeerve, John C. Otis, John H. Quinn, Peter. Rollins, George W. Rowe, James. Smith, Wesley M. Smith, Newton C. Smith, William P. Tebbette, Samuel H. Thayer, W. F., lieut. Towle, Jeremy B. Billings, James H. Brownell, William B. Cole, John W. Colman, Charles. Demeritt, Charles A. Davis, Grandville. Davie, Edgar W. Edgerly, Charles R. Greenhalgh, Timothy. Hughes, James. Hanson, James W. Kingsbury, James A. Libbey, J. T.S., lieut. Berden Sharpshooters. — George H. Chase, Moses P. Moulton. Andrew Hharpahoolers.— Jacob K. Mudgett, Isaac N. Mudgett, Henry Moulton. Is^ Jlifaas. Regiment. — John F. Meader, George H. Hanscom. 12th Maes. Regiment. — John S Grant. Vdth Mass. Regiment.— John H. Place, Charles C. Guppy, S. Frank Hart- ford. nth Mass. Regiment. — John Tucker. 22d Mass. Regiment.— 'Edvf&rd M, Tucker. 25lh Mass. Regiment. — Andrew J. Hughes. 2Slh Mass. Regiment. — James McCarty. 35t?i Mass. Regiment. — William H. Hackett. 6th Mass. Battery —Da^uiel L. Perkins (died Oct. 16, 1862). 1st Maine Regiment. — John B. Franklin. Zd Maine Regiment. — Henry Judkins. lih Maine Regiment. — Patrick Hughefl, William A. Robinson. 12th Maine Regiment. — Edward Bearer. lUh Maine Regiment.— John F. Harding. nth Maine Regiment. — Joseph Hughes. Vermont Regiment. — Alvin Morse. 16(ft New Ynrk Regiment. — Sylvester Abbott. 52(3 New York Regiment. — Patrick HefFerman. 99(/i Pennsylvania Regiment. — James McDonald. N, Y. Battenj Light Artillery.— '^en'yAmm F. Holt. Gih Ohio Regiment. — John W. Hussey. bih Regiment Excelsior Brigade. — Isaac K. Merrill. Regular Army — ilh Regiment.— John Mullen, George Corson. Invalid Corps. — W. J. Butterfield, Charles Church. Substitute, 1863, M. McDermott. Substitute, 1864, Patrick Ryan. Veteran Reserve Corps. — Thomas B. Pinkham, George Shackley. btU Regiment. — Charles H. Gerrish (drafted), Benjamin Hanson (drafted), Charles Lovejoy. Regiment. — Oscar A. Mill. 2d JJ. S. Artillery. — Brearton David. 115(/i U. S. Colored Infantry. — John R. Ham, surgeon. Maj. George P. Fulsom, paymaster. Maj. Charles W. Woodman, paymaster. Capt. Daniel Hall. Capt. Andrew H. Young, quartermaster. Lieut. John J. Devin, U. S. army. Cadet William A. Garland, Military Academy, West Point. 858 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. U. S. NAVY. Thomaa G. Salter, chaplain. George H. "Wadleigh, Naval School, Newport, R. I, Edward Woodman, Naval School, Newport, R. I. Adams, Charles W. Agnew, Henry. Agnew, Peter. Aehton, Jamea H. Barker, Joshua. Blalsdell, John. Brown, Robert D. Burley, Charles. Burley, Josiah. Cassily, Patrick. Caton, Patrick. Chamberlain, C. E. Chandler, Elisha M. Chandler, William. Cody, John. Cotter, Patrick. Davis, Alonzo L. Davis, Franklin F. Drew, Charles W. Drew, William. Dunn, Samuel A. Ferguson, Albert. Finnegan, Peter. Finnegan, Joseph. Frost, John G. Glines, Bradbury. Grimes, Francis. Guppy, George N. Henienway, Benjamin. Hughes, James. Hughes, Peter. Hurd, Stephen N. Jordan, Oscar F. Keay, Charles M. Kimball, Samuel H. Lock, Jeremiah. McCabe, Patrick. McQuade, James. McQuade, John. Merrill, William. Mitchell, Josiah. Newhall, Eben. W. Oatps, Barnard. O'Neal, Owen. Paul, Charles F. Peiislee, Joseph E. Pierce, Henry M. Place, James H. K. Place, Alonzo R. Rahill, Michael. Eenshaw, Henry. Renshaw, James. Renshaw, William H. Rhines, William H. Roberts, James A. Rogers, William. Rollins, Charles L. Rothwell, Eleazer. Rowe, Jesse. Sampson, Charles A. Sanborn, Andrew J. Smith, Newton C. Snc'U, George C. Staples, John M. Starlin, Jiimes. Steele, Thomas M. Thompson, Edward. Tompkins, Charles R. Webster, William G., Jr. Welsh, Rodman. Wilson, Edward A. York, George. York, Simeon D. Young, John A. Young, Joseph, Young, Thomas F. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. NOAH MAKTIN. Noah Martin, son of Samuel and Sally Cochrane Martin, was born in Epsom, N. H., July 26, 1801. His ancestors, both on the paternal and maternal side, were of that sterling class of settlers, the Scotch- Irish. Nathaniel Martin, the progenitor, who mar- ried Margaret Mitchell, had a son William, who came to this country with his father when he was a mere child. They settled in Londonderry, N. H. Samuel, son of William, was the father of the sub- ject of this sketch. His mother, Sally, was the eldest daughter of Maj. James Cochrane, of Pembroke, N. H. In early life Noah evinced an untiring love for books and a desire, as he advanced in life, to study for the medical profession as his future calling. He persevered through many difficulties until he had acquired a thorough classical and professional edu- cation. His medical studies were commenced under the instruction of Dr. Pillsbury, of Pembroke, N. H., beipg with him one year, and finished the two re- maining years with Dr. Graves, of Deerfield. He graduated at Dartmouth in the medical class of 1824, and soon after commenced the practice of his profession as partner with Dr. Graves, his former teacher, remaining with him one year. In 1825 he removed to Great Falls, and at once entered into a large and lucrative practice. Here he remained nine years, when he removed to Dover. He had established for himself at Great Falls an enviable reputation both as a physician and surgeon, and he soon gained at, Dover the confidence and affection of the people. He was now considered one of the best physicians and surgeons in the State; in fact, the leading phy- sician in this section and the consulting physician in difficult cases requiring superior medical skill. His natural dignity of mien and courteous bearing, united with his social qualities, pleasing address, and sym- pathetic heart, served to make him very popular. He was deeply devoted to his profession, pursuing it with a ceaseless ardor, giving it his greatest thought and study, and making many sacrifices of a personal nature for its benefit. All who sought his counsel found him faithful and sure, always ready with kind words of advice and encouragement, and in the many delicate offices connected with his profession he dis- played that discriminating sense, judgment, and tact, conjoined with a nice observance of a tender and scrupulous confidence, which were among his char- acteristics, and endeared him to the hearts of his patients. In politics Dr. Martin was a Democrat of the Jef- fersonian and Jacksonian school. With but little am- bition for political preferment he was not always able to resist the importunities of political and personal friends, and was often brought forward for political office. He was elected to the New Hampshire House of Kepresentatives in 1830, 1832, and 1837 ; to the New Hampshire Senate in 1835 and 1836 ; and in 1852 and 1853 he was elected Governor of the State. Dr. ^lartin was elected a member of the Strafford District Medical Society in 1835, and was chosen its president in 1841 and 1842; of the State Medical Society in 1836, and president in 1858 ; and member of the American Medical Association in 1849. He was one of the founders of the Dover Medical Asso- ciation, and was chosen its first president in 1849, and also filled that office in 1850. He was elected a member of the New Hampshire Historical Society in 1853, the New England Historic Genealogical Society in 1858, and vice-president of the same for New Hampshire in 1855. He was one of the corpo- rators of the State Agricultural Society, and was elected vice-president of the same in 1851. He was chosen president of the Savings-Bank for the County of Strafford in 1844, holding the office until 1852, when he declined a re-election ; was a leading director of the Dover Bank from 1847 to 1855, when he re- signed ; also a director of the Strafford Bank from Em'l 'tyA^KRltclus s,_y/CA.^ O-^ — (—<-<..y(_^ :. <„ 1 ' --^" DOVER. 859 1860 to the time of his death. He also held various other offices of trust. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity and also that of the order of Odd-Fellows. He died suddenly on the morning of May 28, 1863. He expired as in a gentle slumber, so tranquil the flight of the spirit that the exact moment of its de- parture was hardly perceptible. He was a kind and affectionate husband and father, a wise counselor, and a true patriot. In 1825, Dr. Martin married Mary Jane, daughter of Dr. Robert Woodbury, of Barrington, and their family consisted of two children, — Elizabeth A. and Caroline M., both of whom survive. MOSES PAUL. Moses Paul, only son of Edmund and Delia Paul, was born in Waterborough, near Alfred,' Me., March 28, 1797. Ten years later, in 1807, he came with his father's family to Dover. Here the youthful Moses received at the town school the elements of an edu- cation which was subsequently fostered and enlarged under the tuition of Mr. Willard Thayer, a successful teacher of a locally celebrated private school. Here he succeeded in securing an education that well qual- ified him for his subsequent successful business career. He commenced his business education in the store of his maternal uncle, John Williams, Esq., who dur- ing that year associated himself with several gentle- men of wealth for the purpose of commencing the manufacture of cotton cloth in Dover. Mills were erected on the Cochecho River, about two miles from Dover Centre, and the business which has, since grown to such gigantic proportions was commenced, with Mr. Williams as agent and Moses Paul, clerk. In 1822 the same association of gentlemen, with others added, under the name of the Dover Manufac- turing Company, commenced the erection of the first cotton-mill at the lower falls, Dover Centre. In the year 1824, this mill having been completed, Mr. Williams became the agent of both establishments, | while Mr. Paul was appointed superintendent of what ; was then called the " upper factory," where he resided until 1828. In 1828, Mr. Williams was succeeded as agent by James F. Curtis, and at the same time Capt. Paul re- moved to the lower factory to assume the duties of superintendent of the manufacturing department here, in which position he continued until December, 1834, when he succeeded Mr. Curtis as agent of the corpora- tion. Thus, step by step, he rose from clerk to agent of the Cocheco Manufacturing Company, and it is but justice to add that very much of the prosperity of the corporation from 1834 to 1860 was due to the skillful and prudent management of Moses Paul. He lived 1 It was indeed " near" Alfred, as the house in which lie was horn was located directly on the line between the two towns. to see the small manufactory of 1812 developed into the giant corporation of 1860. In all the delicate relations existing between a large manufacturing establishment and the town or city in which it may be located, Capt. Paul ever pursued a course so gentle, so conservative, and so liberal as to disarm prejudice and to secure mutual co-operation. Capt. Paul manifested a lively interest in all mat- ters tending to advance the welfare of his adopted city. He was president of the first City Council, was a director in the old Dover Bank, and upon the incor- poration of the Strafibrd Bank became a director, which position he held until his death. In Masonic circles he was a bright member, and from early life evinced the deepest interest in and cherished love ibr this ancient and honorable institu- tion. He passed through all its degrees and honors, from the humble " Entered Apprentice" to Master of his lodge and Grand Master of all the lodges in the State of New Hampshire, and at the time of his death was Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter of New Hampshire, and Eminent Commander of St. Paul's Commandery, of Dover. The military also had a charm for Capt. Paul, and he became commander of the organization known as the "Strafford Guards" in the old militia days, thus conferring the title by which he was familiarly and commonly known. The company, like everything with which he was connected, felt the energy and en- terpise of his spirit, and under his command was sec- ond to no similar organization in New Hampshire. In religious matters he was a consistent Christian of the Calvinistic school, and was a member of the First Congregational Church in this city. Of the cause of education Capt. Paul was a present and efficient friend, and all measures tending to ad- vance that interest found in him an earnest advocate. After a life of unusual activity and usefulness, death at last laid its hand upon the strong man, and July 9, 1860, he passed peacefully away, •' Like one who wraps the drapery of his couch About him and lies down to pleasant dreams." Nov. 29, 1821, he married Susan M. Hodgdon, daughter of Shadrack and Elizabeth Hodgdon, of Dover, who survives him at the advanced age of eighty-four years, and retains in a wonderful degree the vigor and elasticity of youth. Of their family three children are living, tvvo daughters and a son, — Susan E., wife of John A. Bickford, of Maiden, Mass.; Emily J., wife of Kussel B. Wiggin, also of Maiden ; and Moses A. Paul, of this city. SEN. ALFRED HOITT. A man who entirely by his own efforts has risen to affiuence and social position, and through all the changing events of an active business life has pre- served his integrity unim peached, well deserves the 860 HTSTOKY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. pen of the historian. Such an one is Gen. Alfred Hoitt, the subject of this sketch. Without the ad- vantages of inherited aid he worked the problem of his own fortune, and lives to enjoy the fruition of a successful business career. He was born in North- wood, N. H., Jan. 11, 1806, and when two years of age his parents removed to Portsmouth, later to Mad- bury, and finally to Lee. His father died soon after their removal to Lee, leaving Alfred, then but thirteen years of age, the main support of his widowed mother. At seventeen years of age he w^ent out for himself and engaged as a farm-hand in the town of Stratham for seven months at nine dollars per month. He saved every dollar of the money thus earned, which formed the nucleus of a small fund with which he subse- quently purchased a piece of woodland, the first real estate owned by him, and which is still in his pos- session. This small purchase has increased from time to time until it now reaches nine hundred acres of excellent farming land, located within six miles of Durham depot. In 1838 he erected a building in Lee and com- menced keeping a public-house, which soon became famous as one of the best hostelries in New Hamp- shire. This was in the halcyon days of turnpikes and stage-coaches, when the blast of the horn and the merry crack of the drivers' whips were heard throughout the land. Soon after the building of the Boston and Maine Railroad, which enterprise he assisted with his usual energy, he removed to Durham depot, where he erected a fine residence. At this time he was con- ducting a large and successful business in the ship- ping of produce to Boston, and for a number of years made the trip over the road daily to that city and return. He has paid in freights alone to the Boston and llaine Eailroad between 8600,000 and 8700,000. While residing in Durham occurred an event, the result of which, through his great tenac- ity and his determination that right should prevail, has been of incalculable benefit to the inhabitants along the line traversed by this road. Soon after the erection of his residence and other buildings at Dur- ham, the entire property was destroyed by fire from the cars. He applied to the president of the road for reasonable compensation for the damage sustained, but was met with the reply that not a dollar should be paid, as the corporation was in no way liable for damage sustained in that manner. The general promptly notified the officers of the road that unless the' damages claimed were paid at once he should bring an action against the company to enforce his claim. Notwithstanding the act incorporating the road explicitly declared the corporation liable for such damage (the general himself was also one of the framers of this act) the demand was refused. The result may be stated in a few words. An action was immediately commenced, and after a four years' litigation with this wealthy corporation the court de- cided the company liable for the damage, and the claim was paid. Thus to the invincible determina- tion of Gen. Hoitt is due the construction of a law which has been invaluable to the citizens along this line. He demonstrated that the people had rights which the corporation was bound to respect, and long after the general shall have passed from the activity of this life that decree will remain upon the statute- book of this State as a monument to his character- istic determination for the right. Gen. Hoitt was also fond of "ye military," and figured conspicuously in the old militia days. He rose from captain of an artillery company through the different grades to major-general, and was con- sidered the best disciplinarian in the service. In political matters he has been from the first a worthy representative of the Jeffersonian type of Democracy. During his residence in the town of Lee he was chosen selectman by a unanimous vote of the town, and in 1881, although not having resided in Dover a year, he was nominated for mayor by the Democratic party, and came within one hundred and seven votes of defeating his opponent in a city of over one thou- sand Republican majority. In referring to Gen. Hoitt's business career one fact stands out with hardly a parallel in history, that in all his business transactions, which have been and still are large, he never gave a note, except for the first piece of land purchased. On Oct. 26, 1828, Gen. Hoitt united in marriage with Susan Demeritt, a native of Northwood, and their family consisted of thirteen children, twelve of whom survive. Mrs. Hoitt died in April, 1877. Jan. 6, 1879, he married Mrs. Mary A. Smart, a native of Boston, Mass. Gen. Hoitt is essentially a self made man. Early in life he learned that the way to success was by no royal road, but was open to stout hands and willing hearts. Energy and integrity, coupled with an in- domitable will, have rendered his career a success, and the once poor boy is now one of the substantial and highly honored citizens of Straff'ord County. JOXATHAX SAWYER.i 1. John Sawyer, a farmer in Lincolnshire, Eng- land, had three sons, William, Edward, and Thomas, who emigrated to this country in 1636, being passen- gers in a ship commanded by Capt. Parker. They probably settled in Rowley, Mass. 2. Thomas Sawyer went to Lancaster, Mass., as early as 1647, when he was twenty-four years of age. This section of the Nashaway Valley, comprising eighty square miles in extent, had been purchased, in 1643, by Thomas King, of Watertown, Mass., of Scholan, sachem of the Nashaway Indians. Thomas Sawyer was one of the first six settlers. His name ' By KeT. George B. Spalding, D.D. %^^^^^5^^' - diz. ^^^-^^ DOVER. 863 the very best means for his education in it. It proved to be so in this instance. The young apprentice, as he progressed from one stage to another, had the finest of opportunities for acquiring a full knowledge of all the diversified interests and sciences which be- long to such a great industry. There is scarcely a branch in natural philosophy, physics, or the me- chanical arts that is not intimately connected with the manufacture of woolens. But the manufacturing processes embrace only a part of the activities and requirements of such a business as the Sawyers'. They are their own buyers and sellers in all the great markets of our own and other lands. Superadded to mechanical knowledge and skill, there must be the large intelligence, the clear foresight, the quick, un- erring judgment which belong to the accomplished financier. In this manufactory, based upon so varied knowledge, and calling into activity so many of the strong mental powers, Charles found a grand school, and such proficiency did he make in it that when he came to his manhood he was abundantly qualified to take upon himself the duties and responsibilities of superintendent. He was appointed to this position in 1866. No small share of the distinguished success which has come to this establishment may be fairly attributable to the fidelity and perseverance in ser- vice, the keen sagacity and the great enterprise which Charles H. Sawyer has brought to its every interest. In 1873, when tlie company became incorporated, he was admitted to the firm, and at the same time was appointed its agent and one of the directors. Since then he has been elected its president. Mr. Sawyer has served in both branches of the Dover city government, was a member of the New Hampshire Legislature in 1869 and 1870, and again in 187G and 1877, serving on the committees on rail- roads, incorporations, judiciary, national affairs, and as chairman of the committee on manufactures. In 1881 he' was appointed by Governor Bell a member of his military staff, with rank of colonel. Mr. Sawyer is now acting as director of the Strafford National Bank and the Portsmouth and Dover Railroad, and trustee of the Strafford Savings-Bank. He is a mem- ber of the Masonic order, taking a personal interest in all that concerns its prosperity. In 1867 he became a member of-the Strafford Lodge, and was Master in 1872 and 1873. He is a member of the St. Paul Com- mandery of Knights Templar, of which he has just been elected Eminent Commander for the fourth time. Mr. Sawyer, in 1865, was married to Susan Ellen Cowan, daughter of Dr. James W. and Elizabeth Cowan. Mr. Sawyer is not only a man of affairs, taking a deep personal interest in the various movements of politics, finance, and industrial life, but he is a man of large reading, and is well acquainted with the best books and thoughts of the times. His judgments of men and measures are singularly free from partiality and prejudice. His conclusions are deliberately formed, and based upon a broad comprehension of all the related facts. His sense of justice is strong, his intellectual qualities are admirably balanced. Pie never is otherwise than perfectly poised. With all this, he has the warmest heart, the quickest sympa- thies, great kindness of manner, and utmost geniality of spirit. In the reserve of his nature he withholds himself from all impetuous demonstrations, but when the occasion demands, his influence, his advice, his friendship are put forth with commanding effect. Nature made him on a large scale, and books and ex- perience and increasing converse with the best phases of social life are developing him into rare strength and symmetry of character. ANDREW" PBIRCE. Andrew Peirce was born in Dover, N. H., July 31, 1814. (He was formerly called Andrew Peirce 8d.) His paternal grandfather was born in Dover in 1761, and early in life moved to Gloucester, Mass., where he purchased lands in 1792, and in 1806 sold them and removed with his family back to Dover. He was a descendant in the sixth generation of "John Pers," of Norwich, Norfolk County, England, who emigrated to this country in 1637, and settled in Watertown, Mass. His father was born in Gloucester in 17S2, but after 1806 was a resident of Dover during the remainder of his life. He was engaged in navigation at a time when Dover was quite a distributing-point for the in- terior country. In about the year 1825 he built two schooners of about sixty-five tons each to run between Dover and Boston, one named " Dover Packet," and the other " Boston Packet." He commanded one and his brother-in-law, James Wentworth, the other. These schooners were built on his grounds near his house, located on Dover turnpike, and were hauled on trucks built for that purpose to Dover Landing and launched into the river. He was also interested in constructing the steam-mill at Dover ; an owner in it, and one of its managers. He was elected State senator, and held other ofiices of trust and honor ; he was a man of sound practi- cal judgment and remarkable energy of character ; he pursued what he deemed to be right with firmness and perseverance, and was respected and honored by all who knew him. His moral character was beyond reproach ; his benevolence to those in distress was not exceeded by any one of the same means. His mother was Betsey Wentworth, born in 1791. Her paternal grandfather was Col. Jonathan Went- worth, an officer in the Revolutionary war ; he was captain in Col. Poor's regiment, and also under Washington ; he was major under Col. Thomas Bart- lett, and brigade-major under Col. Stephen Evans; he was a member of the New Hampshire Legislature for three years, and colonel of the Second New Hampshire Regiment in 1789; he was a descendant 864 HISTOEY OP STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW FIAMPSHIEB. in the fourth generation of Elder William Wentworth, who probably came to this country with or about the time of Rev. John Wheelwright from near Alford, England; he was one of the signers of thirty-five persons to a combination for government at Exeter, N. H., July 4, 1637 ; the original document is pre- served among the records of Exeter. He removed to Dover in 1650, and lived at or near there, save on temporary absence, during his life. The ofiice by which he was best known was that of ruling elder, which he held for forty years. " His mother was endowed largely by nature with the varied gifts which combine the excellences of the character of woman. She moved in the circle of home, in the neighborhood, and through the range of her ac- quaintance in a mission of sympathy and benevolence which was never weary in well-doing." At the age of twelve the subject of this sketch was employed as clerk in the store of Mr. Ira Christie in his native town, where he remained about two years, and then left to attend the Strafford Academy. Soon after he entered the store of Robert -H. Palmer as clerk, on a salary at the rate of one hundred dollars per year, where he remained about six months, and then again entered the academy, and employed his leisure hours in collecting his father's freight-bills. His tastes and capacity for business developed and continued to increase, and soon he began to feel very desirous of engaging in business himself. When he was sixteen years of age he went with his father to Boston in one of his vessels, where he purchased a small stock of goods on four months' credit, his father being held responsible for the payment. He commenced business April 22, 1834, in Dover, in what was then known as the White Building. He remained in that place about two years, when he needed more room, as the increase of business de- manded ; then he moved to one of the Watson stores on Dover Landing. He was very successful, and before the age of twenty had a credit second to none in the State. He had quite a large wholesale, as well as retail, trade, which extended to the northern part of New Hampshire and Vermont and along the western border of Maine. He was married to Rebecca W. Dunnaway, of Gloucester, Mass., April 11, 1834. Up to and about this time, though the business had been transacted in the name of his father, he had the sole control ; he took account of stock in his twentieth year, deter- mined the profits from the commencement of the business, and gave his father one-half; then he started in his own name, adding a greater variety to the stock to meet the demands of country trade. In about 1837 he felt the necessity of still more room, and Mr. Enoch H. Nutter united with him in building a brick store on Dover Landing opposite the Watson store, into which he moved about the year 1838, when his father became associated with him for about two years, and then withdrew, and his brother Thomas was received as a partner, and continued for about two years, when he received his share of the profits and went to Boston to engage in business for himself His father then resumed his connection with him. Beside the above-named partners, Mr. Peirce had at different times Thomas L. Smith, Thomas Stack- pole, and his brother George, all of whom were paid their proportion of the profits when they ceased their connection with him. No real capital was placed in the business by any of the partners,, except that which was made while with him. He was also interested with his father in shipping during his business career in Dover. They sent ves- sels to Thomaston, Me., to New York, Philadelphia, and to some Southern ports. They might be called pioneers in the Texas trade, as they had vessels which plied between New York and Texas ports before the annexation of that State. They sent a vessel draw- ing a light draught of water, which was said to be the first sailing craft that ever entered Houston Harbor to lighter cotton and merchandise between Houston and Galveston. They engaged the ship-builder, Mr. John Savill, to build the schooner " Charles Henry," named for Mr. Peirce's son. They also built at Philadelphia a small centre- board brig of one hundred and thirty-five tons, named " Ellen and Clara," for his two daughters. This brig was under charter to the government during the Mexican war, and was wrecked near Vera Cruz during a severe gale of wind ; he was also interested in the steam-mill at Dover ; he bought, repaired, and en- larged the Rogers wharf and buildings on Cochecho River, which were used for the landing and storage of their goods ; he also built several houses, remod- eled and enlarged the Bridge House, which he bought of the Cocheco Manufacturing Company, in which he was living at the time he went to Boston. Mr. Peirce's extensive business brought him in contact with most of the leading business men of Strafford County, and indeed throughout the State, and his reputation for integrity, his independent and self-reliant character, his truthfulness and candor, never thinking or caring what any one thought or said of him, conscious he was doing what he felt to be right, gave him an influence in his party which few had. He was a Democrat ; though active, he never had any desire to hold any political office, as his life was too full of busy cares to permit him to enter the po- litical arena. There was hardly a Strafford County or State Democratic Convention held in New Hamp- shire which, while he was there, he did not attend. He was once elected delegate to and attended the Democratic National Convention held in Baltimore. In 1845, Mr. Peirce put forth his energies to organ- ize the Dover Bank under the individual liability act, which was to take the place of the old Dover Bank, DOVER. 865 whose charter was about to expire. With earnest efforts to accomplish this he succeeded. His father and himself subscribed about one-fifth of the capital stock. A few years later, feeling the necessity for increased banking facilities, he procured a charter and organized the Langdon Bank, subscribing to its stock, and was elected president of it. In connection with the Langdon Bank he also organized a Five- Cent Savings-Bank. He was the leading manager of these banks during his residence in Dover, and for some years after going to Boston. Mr. Peirce was one of the large stockholders of the Cochecho Railroad Company , and also one of the active managers in the construction of the road. During its financial embarrassment he aided the company by indorsing their notes to a large amount. After the road was completed and open for business he had entire charge of the operating department for several years. He took an active part in leasing the road to the Boston and Maine Railroad Company. He was a stockholder and one of the promoters of the steamer "Dover," which was run on Winnipisieogee Lake, in connection with the Cochecho Railroad. He went to Boston Jan. 1, 1852, and connected himself with the firm of Peirce & Bacon, the mem- bers of which were his brother, Thomas W. Peirce, and George Bacon ; they were large wholesale grocers, and in connection with that business received South- ern produce on commission, consisting of cotton, sugar, hides, etc. Very soon the Southern business had increased so much that they decided to discon- tinue the grocery business, and confine themselves entirely to the commission business, which was prin- cipally with Texas, though they had extensive rela- tions with other parts of the South ; probably their receipts of cotton, etc., were not exceeded by any Northern house. They purchased and built eleven or twelve brigs and barks, which ran between Boston and Galveston, and at times chartered many others. They were also large owners in two large ships, which sailed to foreign ports. They were early identified with the internal im- provements of Texas, and subscribed to its first rail- way, furnishing the iron therefor. In about 1854 they commenced to export largely of cotton to Liverpool, both from Boston and directly from Galveston. This they continued to do until 1861, the commencement of the war, when their business was entirely suspended in consequence of the war, and all the vessels hitherto going South had to be laid up at the wharves in Boston. They lost a very large amount of the debts due them at the South, but these losses were not enough to embarrass them in their financial affairs. One of their vessels was seized and sunk in Galveston Harbor. Business was generally so paralyzed that most of their vessels remained at the wharves a year or more before there was any demand for their use. They 55 had several thousand bales of cotton on hand in Boston and Liverpool, which they sold within a few months after the war began. After this, though they retained their offices, they had little or no business, except to manage their vessels, dealing in merchan- dise of different kinds to employ a portion of their time. After the close of the war they resumed business again with Texas, and continued about a year, when they dissolved partnership, and Mr. George Bacon removed to New York, and started a similar business there. At one time he was elected, without being con- sulted, as a reform director of the Boston and Maine Railroad, and introduced many of the reforms that were carried into effect that year in reducing the operating expenses of the road. Just before the next election of the stockholders of the company a committee of the larges't stockholders — as follows : Hon. William Appleton and William Sturgis, of Boston, John Aiken, of Andover, and one of the former presidents — invited him to take the presidency of the road, but his business would not permit him to do it. In 1857 he purchased a house on the corner of Beacon and Mount Vernon Streets, where he resided for about ten years. On June 6, 1861, he was married, the second time, to Mary Francis Oilman, of Nashua, N. H. He was very ac^tive in procuring the charter of the Dover and Portsmouth Railroad, encountering great opposition from the railroad interests of that part of the State; and being opposed by the Governor, he spent the whole time during the session of the Legis- lature in Concord. When the bill was passed by both houses, the victory was considered a remarkable success. At the earnest solicitation of many of his friends he left Boston in 1868, and went to Missouri to take charge of the construction and operating department of the South Pacific and Atlantic and Pacific Rail- roads. He was a large stockholder in these roads, and was elected a director, and chosen by the directors general manager of the property in Missouri. At this time eighty-nine miles of the road had been built and were in operation from Pacific City, Mo., westward to the town of Arlington, situated on the Gasconade River. From this point to Vinita, Indian Territory, a distance of about two hundred and forty-two miles, the road was constructed and fully equipped under his direc- tion and supervision. Their trains went into St. Louis over the Missouri Pacific Railroad from Pacific City, a distance of thirty- seven miles. He saw the necessity of his roads con- trolling this road, and in 1870 or 1871 he arranged for himself and his friends to purchase a majority of its stock that they might control its management. At about this time the Atlantic and Pacific Rail- road Company arranged for the purchase and consoli- 866 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. dation of the South Pacific Eailroad with the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, after which the Atlantic and Pacific Eailroad leased the Missouri Pacific Railroad for ninety-nine years. This gave Mr. Peirce about nine hundred miles of railroad in Missouri and Kansas under his entire control. Upon the completion of the construction and equipment of the Atlantic and Pacific and the South Pacific Roads, it was found that in consequence of the low price at which the bonds of the road had been sold by its early financial manager there was left upon the company a large floating debt. This debt was largely increased by the floating debt of the Mis- souri Pacific Eailroad, which made a large sum to carry as a floating debt. In 1872 the financial affairs of the company were so difficult to manage, the directors desired him to take the presidency of the company, and also to continue to act as the general manager. He removed to New York, in order to manage the financial affairs of the company, and also retained his offices in St. Louis. After he moved to New York, in 1872, the condition of the finances of the country made it impossible to sell bonds to reduce the floating debt of the company, consequently he found it a difficult and laborious task to carry it, but succeeded in doing so by his personal indorsements of the notes of the company until about the 1st of November, 1875. The unprecedented panic of 1873 increased his difficulties in carrying the large debt, but yet he was } able to continue doing so till the fall of 1875. That I year was the great grasshopper year in Missouri and j Kansas. The terrible destruction of the crops in these States in consequence caused a reduction in the receipts of the road of about eight hundred thousand dollars. After this he was compelled to surrender, and the roads were placed in the hands of receivers about Nov. 1, 1875. They owed a floating debt of about two million five hundred thousand dollars, on which he was indorser for over one million five hun- dred thousand dollars. Notwithstanding all kinds of opposition, the court early in September, 1876, ordered the sale of roads to take place early in the following November, mak- ing about a year that the roads were in the hands of the court. During this time a large majority of the floating liabilities were paid, and those which had not been paid at that time were paid soon after the roads were reorganized. Mr. Peirce was continued as president and general manager of the roads while they were in the hands of the receiver. His indorse- ments for this company from 1872 to 1875 amounted to over ten million dollars. While the previous finan- cial manager paid from ten to thirteen and eighteen per cent, to carry their loans, he paid from seven to ten per cent., and not over eight per cent on an average per annum, thus saving vast sums of money. He had also been president of the Beaver Branch Eailroad. After the roads were sold, the Missouri Pacific was reorganized under its old name, and Commodore C. K. Garrison was made its president. He was an owner of one-half of its stock or more. The Atlantic and Pacific was reorganized under the name of the St. Louis and San Francisco Railway Company. Mr. Peirce was elected its president and general manager, and conceived its plan of reor- ganization, in which it was provided that every old stockholder of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad should, upon surrendering his certificate of stock to the new company, receive the same number of shares of the stock of that company that were holden in the old company. This was considered quite a novel plan of reorganization of a railroad, as the custom has been for the bondholders to take possession of the property, the stockholders losing their stock. Mr. Peirce encountered much opposition in carrying out this point, but was determined and unyielding, and thus succeeded in doing so. During his connection with the road it was surveyed and located from Vinita, the present terminal point, to San Francisco, and would have been constructed but for the unprecedented financial condition of the country from 1872 to 1877, which made it impossible to sell large amounts of railroad bonds, which in this case was necessary for the construction of the road. An association of gentlemen organized a town on the line of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, three hundred miles west of St. Louis, and gave it the name of Peirce City. It is one of the most flour- ishing of the towns in Southwest Missouri. It very early had a large brick school-house, which cost nearly twenty thousand dollars; and there is a col- lege called " Peirce City Baptist College," to which Mr. Peirce has extended a helping hand. While connected with the road it was Mr. Peirce's policy to encourage building school-houses and churches, and in all cases lands of the company were donated for them, and building material transported free or at a mere nominal price. Quite a large dona- tion of valuable land was made to the college at Springfield, Mo., which institution is now a large and prosperous one. Mr. Peirce is a stock and bondholder in his brother's road in Texas, the Galveston, Houston and San An- tonio, and was one of the directors forseveral years. He has been able to meet every financial liability and fulfill all his obligations in the severe crises through which the country has passed, from the one in 1837 to the present time. He was potent and deliberate in maturing and de- veloping his plans, which were always independently conceived, but vigorous and active in their execution; with a natural bent for the management of great en- terprises, he was never neglectful of the smallest de- tails. His charities have been unostentatious but well directed, not always flowing in the regular channels, DOVER. 867 but very many can testify to the aid and encourage- ment given to young men who have found him an invaluable friend, and the unasked-for assistance given through all his life to the sick, suffering, and unfortunate, and to his responses to public calls for relief and aid to benevolent institutions. In locating the Atlantic and Pacific Road, and during its construction, he rode on horseback and walked over every foot of the line from Gasconade River to Vinita, I. T., many times. The country was sparsely settled, and most of its inhabitants lived in log cabins containing but one room, conse- quently his resting-places were in these cabins, where he almost always met with hospitality. Mr. Peirce retained his office as president and gen- eral manager of the St. Louis and San Francisco Road until the autumn of 1877, when, feeling symp- toms of failing health, and the necessity of seeking the quiet pleasures of a private life, he resigned his office, for the strain of several of the preceding years, added to the unremitting and diligent attention to business for about fifty years, had been very great. He went to Clifton Springs, N. Y., where he had previously taken his family on account of his wife's ill health. There he found the quiet, regular life restful and pleasant. The relief from business cares was unspeakable. He enjoyed the country air and scenes and the fine drives in this section of beautiful country. With the excellent advice and patient persever- ance in the well-directed treatment of Dr. Foster he has recovered his health, and feels deep and heart- felt gratitude to him and the institution which has been such a blessing to himself and his wife. Seeing the doctor in his daily ministrations, he has admired his truly noble and unselfish character, and his life consecrated wholly to a grand work for suf- fering humanity. Very lucrative positions have been offered Mr. Peirce, but he has not felt disposed to enter again upon the cares and turmoils of business life, as he has no desire to accumulate large sums of money, but rather to spend the remaining years in the en- joyment of the fruits of his labors. A friend, in speaking of Mr. Peirce and the Sani- tarium, says, — " Perhaps the severest test of strength and equa- nimity of character in the life of a business man comes at the point of retirement from active partici- pation in those schemes and enterprises which have for years absorbed him. This point of Mr. Peirce's history gives the final proof that his early plans were so wisely laid as to cover his whole life, making provision for useful activity in later years. With him the westering sun of a long, well-employed working-day finds him without misanthropy or dis- content, never happier in his life, with fullness of strength, busily occupied in the most beautiful work of his life. " Dr. Henry Foster is, like himself, of New England stock, beginning life with no capital but an inherit- ance of honesty, probity, and faithfulness, and has, with God's blessing upon years of patient, enduring, unselfish toil, achieved eminence not often attained in the medical profession. " The doctor had reached the point in his life when the plans of years were taking their final shape, when the Sanitarium which he had founded, having grown from simple beginnings to represent invested capital of three hundred and fifty thousand dollars, with a medical staff of six physicians, with full com- plement of nurses and employes, embracing in its re- sources for healing almost all that is known to med- ical science, with its grand records of the past, its present prosperity was to be transferred by him to the care of trustees, that after his lifetime and in all the future the institution might remain a permanent blessing to suffering humanity. Just at this crisis a beneficent Providence orders the way of Mr. Peirce to Clifton Springs. "It is not strange that the wise, far-seeing financier, whose heart success has always opened to bestow of his abundance to relieve the suffering, should enter with deep sympathy into the plans and works of the great-hearted physician. In accordance with Dr. Foster's long-cherished plans, the Sanitarium was given in trust to a board of trustees composed of the following-named gentlemen : Right Rev. Matthew Simpson, D.D., Right Rev. Arthur Cleveland Coxe, D.D., Rev. N. G. Clark, D.D., Rev. John M. Reid, D.D., Rev. J. N. Murdoch, D.D., Rev. Frank F. Ellenwood, D.D., Rev. John M. Ferris, D.D., Rev. John Colton Smitli, D.D., Rev. Martin B. Anderson, D.D., Rev. James B. Shaw, D.D., Judge James C. Smith, Andrew Peirce, Rev. George Loomis, D.D., William Foster. " As trustee and chairman of the executive com- mittee, to whom are committed such important trusts, Mr. Peirce by his invaluable counsels and active di- rection is making large and safe investments in a business, namely, the relieving and uplifting of hu- manity, which must pay ample dividends of satisfac- tion and happiness now, and will yield rich returns of blessing to those who survive him. " Unaccustomed to idle leisure, with returning health Mr. Peirce entered upon improving and beautifying the extensive grounds of the Sanitarium, freely giving his time and personal supervision to the work, thus adding greatly to the attractiveness of the place by filling up and grading acres of the grounds. The spacious and elegant pavilion bearing his name, which covers the mineral springs, inviting the sick and weary to a delightful resting-place, a beautiful band-stand and a tasteful summer-house in the grounds, accessible to all, educating and refining by their beauty and gladdening by their comfort the lowliest and highest alike, are all his munificent gifts. 868 HISTOEY OP STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. "The following resolution, unanimously adopted at a recent meeting of the board of trustees of the Clif- ton Springs Sanitarium Company, indicates their ap- preciation of the gifts and services of Mr. Peirce, so freely and heartily rendered : " ' The trustees of the Clifton Springs Sanitarium Company desire to put on record their high apprecia- tion of the very valuable services rendered to the Sanitarium by Mr. Andrew Peirce during the last two years, by his generous donation of upwards of fifteen thousand dollars, and by his careful supervision, good taste, and strict economy in expenditures for repairs and improvements in and on the buildings and grounds of the institution.' " When Dr. and Mrs. Foster gave the commodious building to the Young Men's Christian Association, Mr. Peirce, true to his New England instincts, caring for the education ,of the people through good books, endowed the library it contains so liberally that, against his protest, it bears his name. "While tenderly and hopefully watching his wife's restoration to health, — she is the active sympathizer in all his benevolences, — he is identified with plans which embody the wisdom or two marked men, his own and Dr. Foster's. " Mr. Peirce, in retiring from the business circles where he was so well known, has come into a sphere of usefulness whose extent is not easily computed, and among a people who bless the day he found a home with them. " In these rich, ripe years of his life he has devel- oped only more fully the strength and texture of his father's character in the firm and skillful execution of wise plans, and the gentle blood of his mother in his unostentatious kindness and liberality. " Verging on that limit of human life when the past is reviewed, Mr. Peirce has cause for gratitude that in the years of intense application to business he has so well used the influence God has given him to induce men by his example to love their race and their country and to strive to promote the welfare of the world. " The question of business now removed, his thought and skill and time are being daily devoted to comfort, help, and relieve all who come in contact with him who from any cause suffer. As a result of such un- selfi.sh caring for others, Mr. Peirce has been brought into closer sympathy with the mission of the blessed Redeemer to the suffering race of man." The record of Andrew Peirce is an honor to his native town and county, and his present happy life of good deeds a blessing to our common humanity. THOJIAS WENTWORTII PEIRCE. Thomas Wentworth Peirce, a prominent man in the mercantile world, alike honored for his successful business enterprises and for honorable private quali- ties, was born at Dover, N. H., Aug. 16, 1818, being the second of the notable sons of the Hon. Andrew Peirce and of his wife, Mrs. Betsey Peirce, a descendant of Governor Wentworth. Commencing his mercan- tile career when a mere youth, he displayed by his energy and strict integrity and zealous observance of duty those high and impressive qualities which in early manhood had secured for him an enviable posi- tion in the business world, and which assured in the broader fields of activity and usefulness which were to be opened before him in later years all the success he has achieved. In his sixteenth year Mr. Peirce became interested in his father's business, buying and loading and dispatching vessels, opening new channels of domes- tic commerce, and proving himself by his singular maturity and wisdom fully worthy of his father's unbounded confidence. It was but a year or two later that he was appointed on the staff of the Gov- ernor of New Hampshire, a fact which shows how even at that early age his force of character was pub- licly appreciated. At about the same time he formed a business connection with his brother Andrew, then president of the Dover Bank, and now well known for his part in the large railroad matters of the South- west. But after six years, seeing the opportunities afforded by a wider field, he established a house in Boston, under the firm-name of Peirce & Bacon, of which his brother Andrew subsequently became a member, and whose business in cotton and other Southern products grew to such an extent that it re- quired a partner in Texas, and employed a line of fifteen packet-ships. In his earlier years Mr. Peirce's health had been delicate, and he had been sent to the South by his father, and had then visited Texas. It is not to be supposed that by an eye so keen and a mind so alert the vast possibilities of that almost unexplored country should remain unobserved. It may literally be said that, beginning with a period in her history antedat- ing by a number of years the admission of Texas to the Union, Mr. Peirce grew with her growth, shaping his enterprises to meet the demands and improve the opportunities afforded by the imperial march of her progress and development. He has thus been identi- fied with almost every work of internal improvement within her borders, thereby expanding her commercial and industrial interests, of which he has been a prin- cipal factor both in Europe and America, to this end having built her first hundred miles of railroad, as he has since lived to be chiefly instrumental in the com- pletion of a great transcontinental line connecting her sea-coast with the Mexican border and the Pacific Ocean. By the line last mentioned it is expected that the cereal and other products of California, Arizona, and New Mexico, as well as of Western Texas, will find shipment upon the waters of the Gulf of Mexico, thus working a great economy of time and distance in our European exchanges, and facilitating commerce to that extent. Supplementing this enterprise, great £^^x^^cu) ^^^^^^f/^c DOVER. 869 lines of steamships are in process of establishment for the carriage of the freights referred to, and by which, on their return voyage to New Orleans and Galveston, the emigrating populations of the Old World are to be borne to their new homes in the fer- tile regions west of the Mississippi and upon the Pa- cific slope at almost nominal rates. Belying upon his individual efforts for the completion of his work, and that too at times of great financial depression, it is but the truth to say that so great an enterprise has rarely been undertaken by any single American citizen, and least of all carried through to a success- ful consummation. The grand results which it is to secure will be witnessed for years after he shall have ceased to participate in its administration, in that thrifty progress, the multiplication of towns and cities, and the expanding area of cultivation and education everywhere visible in the section traversed by the lines of communication established through his agency. Mr. Peirce has not been negligent of the responsi- bilities attaching to the control of such great material interests, as his liberal donations for the establish- ment, in the new communities thus brought into ex- istence, of many institutions of education and re- ligion may testify, and he may feel himself well repaid for his year.'^ of toil and anxiety by the specta- cle daily presented to him in the scenes of individual and social happiness which he has contributed so much to create. To nothing else more than to the influences exerted by Mr. Peirce, in the enterprises with which he has been connected, are the amicable relations now exist- ing between Mexico and the United States to be at- tributed, an international felicity which is to be fur- ther guaranteed by the projection of the railway sys- tem under his auspices and those of his associates, the work now being in progress to the capital of the Mexican republic. Mr. Peirce makes his home in Topsfield, Mass., having his offices in Boston, New York, and San Antonio, finding in the congenial employments of agriculture, in the love of domestic life, and in the delights of hospitality all the enjoyments that are the deserts of a well-spent life. He has been twice mar- ried, his first wife having been Miss Mary Curtis, of Boston, and his second wife. Miss Catherine Cornelia Cook, of Cooperstowii, N. Y. The latter wife left him a son and daughter to inherit his ample fortune and his great qualities of mind and heart. ZIMRI S. WALLINGFORD.i Famous as the small farming towns of New Hamp- shire have been in producing men eminent in the learned profession, they have not been less prolific in furnishing young men who have achieved distinction 1 By Hon. Joshua G. Hall. and borne great sway in what are recognized as the more practical business pursuits. Inventors, con- structors, skilled artisans, the men who have taken the lead in developing our manufacturing interests and bringing toward perfection intricate processes, those who have increased the volume of trade at home and abroad, and have become merchant princes, have come, as a rule, from the plain farm-houses and com- mon schools of our thousand hillsides. The stern virtues, the rigid frugality, and the unflagging in- dustry always insisted on in the home-life, supple- mented by the limited but intensely practical learning gained in the district school, have furnished successive generations of young men, compact, firm, and robust in their whole make-up, strong of body, clear and vigor- ous of mind, the whole impress and mould of their moral natures in harmony with right-doing. These men have been a permeating force for good through all classes of our population, and towers of strength in our national life. The life of the subject of this sketch is a well-rounded example of such young men. Zimri Scales Wallingford, the son of Samuel and Sallie (Wooster) Wallingford, was born in Milton, in the county of Strafibrd, Oct. 7, 1816. I Nicholas Wallington, who came when a boy in the ship "Confidence," of London, to Boston, in the year 1638, settled in Newbury, Mass., where he married, Aug. 30, 1654, Sarah, daughter of Henry and Bridget Travis, who was born in 1636. He was captured on a sea voyage and never returned, and his estate was settled in 1684. With his children (of whom he had eight) the surname became Wallingford. John Wallingford, son of the emigrant Nicholas, was born in 1659 ; married Mary, daughter of Judge John and Mary Tuttle, of Dover, N. H. ; but he lived in that part of Rowley, Mass., now known as Bradford. He had seven children ; one of these was Hon. Thomas Wallingford, of that part of ancient Dover afterwards Somersworth, and now known as Eollinsford, who was oneofthe wealthiest and most eminent men of the prov- ince, associate justice of the Supreme Court from 1748 until his death, which took place at Portsmouth, Aug. 4, 1771. The eldest son of John Wallingford, and grand- son of the emigrant, was John Wallingford, born Dec. 14, 1688, settled in Kochester, N. H., and became an extensive land-owner. His will, dated Oct. 7, 1761, was proved Jan. 17, 1762. His son, Peter Walling- ford, who inherited the homestead and other land in Rochester (then including Milton), made his will April 18, 1771, which was proved Aug. 24, 1773. His son, David Wallingford, settled upon the lands in Milton, then a wilderness. He died in 1815, being the father cf Samuel Wallingford, who was father of Zimri S. Upon his mother's side Mr. Wallingford is de- scended from Rev. William Worcester, the first min- ister of the church in Salisbury, Mass., and ancestor of the eminent New England family of that name or its equivalent, Wooster. Lydia Wooster, great-aunt 870 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of Mr. Wallingford, was the wife of Gen. John Sulli- van, of Durham, major-general in the army of the Revolution, and the first Governor of the State of New Hampshire. She was mother of Hon. George Sulli- van, of Exeter, who was attorney-general of this State for thirty years. In 1825 the father of Mr. Wallingford died, leaving his widow with four children, of which this son, then nine years of age, was the eldest. At the age of twelve he commenced learning the trade of a country black- smith. When he had wrought for his master as his boyish strength would allow for two years, he deter- mined not to be content with being simply a black- smith, and entered the machine-shop of the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, at Great Falls, N. H., and served a full apprenticeship at machine-building there, in Maryland, Virginia, and in the city of Phila- delphia. Aug. 27, 1840, Mr. Wallingford married Alta L. G. Hilliard, daughter of Rev. Joseph Hilliard, pastor of the Congregational Church in Berwick, Me., from 1796 to 1827. Their children have been (1) John 0. Wallingford, who was sergeant-major, and became Keutenant in the Fifteenth New Hampshire Volun- teers in the war of the Rebellion ; was severely wounded in the assault on Port Hudson, and was afterwards captain in the Eighteenth New Hamp- shire, an officer of great merit, whose death at his home in Dover, March 23, 1872, was the result of dis- ease contracted in his war service ; (2) Mary C, now wife of Sidney A. Phillips, Esq., counselor-at-law in Framingham, Mass.; (3) Julia, residing with her parents. In 1844, Mr. Wallingford entered the employ of the Cocheco Manufacturing Company, Dover, N. H., as master machine-builder, and remained in that ca- pacity until 1849. During that period Mr. Walling- ford and a partner, by contract, constructed new ma- chinery,, cards, looms, dressing-frames, and nearly everything necessary for the re-equipment of the mills. The then new and large mill at Salmon Falls was also supplied with the new machinery necessary in the same manner. In 1849 he became superintendent of the company's mills, under the then agent, Capt. Moses Paul, and upon the death of that gentleman was, on the 1st day of August, 1860, appointed agent of the company. He has continued to fill that office to the present time. Taking into account the great social and pub- lic influence, as well as the recognized ability with which his predecessor had for many years admin- istered the afl^airs of the Cocheco Company, the mag- nitude of its operations, the force and grasp of mind necessary to carry on its affairs successfully, it was evident to all familiar with the situation upon the death of Capt. Paul that no ordinary man could oc- cupy the place with credit to himself, or to the re- spect of the public, or the satisfaction of the corpora- tion. Fully conscious of the responsibility assumed, and full of the determination which an ardent nature is capable of, not only to maintain the reputation of his company, but to extend its operations and raise the standard of its manufactured goods, it is not over- stating the fact to say that in the last twenty years few manufacturing companies have made greater strides in the extent of their works, in the quality of their goods, or their reputation in the great markets than has the Cocheco under the management of Mr. Wallingford. Always strong financially, its wheels have never during that time been idle in any season of panic or monetary depression. Honorable and ever generous to all its employes, its machinery has never stopped for a day at the demand of any organ- ized strike. The pride as well as the main business interest of Dover, Mr. Wallingford has always made his company popular with the people ; its word pro- verbially is as good as its bond. The importance of the work is seen in the fact that the mills were, when Mr. Wallingford took charge, of a so-called capacity of fifty-seven thousand spindles ; it is now one hun- dred and twenty thousand; and the reputation of the goods is world-wide. Twelve hundred operatives are on the books of his charge. To a stranger to the home-life of Dover these re- sults seem the great life-work of Mr. Wallingford ; but such an one, in making up his estimate, will fail to do justice to some of the elements of character which have, by skillful adaptation, contributed to so great success. To one so observing, the marked traits of the individual are lost sight of in the results of his career. To those only who are personally familiar with the individual are the real elements of success apparent. Of course, without the strong common sense and good judgment which we sum up as " busi- ness sagacity," Mr. Wallingford's successes would have been failures ; but to one familiar with his daily life for a score of years, it is apparent that the crowning excellence of his life, and the power which has sup- plemented his mental force and rounded out his life, have been his stern moral sense. Perhaps the most noticeable trait in his character from childhood has been his love of justice and right, and his hatred of wrong and injustice in all its forms. Under such a man no employ^, no matter how hum- ble his position, could be deprived of his just con- sideration ; no interest of his corporation could be allowed to ask from the public authorities any indul- gence or advantage not fairly to be accorded to the smallest tax-payer. Had he gone no further than to insist on this exact counterpoise of right and interest, as between employer and employe, and between the interest represented by him and the public interest, his course would have stood out in marked contrast with the conduct of too many clothed with the brief authority of corporate power. Had this strict ob- servance of the relative rights of all concerned been as nicely regarded by associated capital generally as it DOVER. 871 has been by the Cocheco Company under the man- agement of Mr. Wallingford and his lamented prede- cessor, no " brotherhood" for the protection of labor, no "strilces" organized and pushed to bring too ex- acting employers to their senses and to an observance of the common rights of humanity would have had an existence, and none would have had occasion to view with jealous eye the apprehended encroachment of corporate power on private right. But while so insisting on justice in everything, no man has a kind- lier vein of character, or a warmer sympathy for de- serving objects of charity. Impulsive naturally, no distressed individual or deserving cause appeals to him in vain, or long awaits the open hand of a cheer- ful giver. To a man so endowed by nature, so grounded in right principles, and so delighting in the exercise of a warm, Christian charity, we may naturally expect the result that we see in this man's life, — success in his undertakings, the high regard of all who know him, and the kindliest relations between the com- munity at large and the important private interests represented by him in his official capacity. Fifty years ago, when the subject of this sketch, a mere child, was leaving his widowed mother's side to learn his trade, the public mind was just beginning to be aroused from its long lethargy to a consideration of the abolition of slavery in the United States. The sleep of men over the subject had been long, andtheir consciences seemed hardly to have suffered a disturb- ing dream. Church as well as State was a participator in the system, and with unbecoming haste rose up to put beyond its fellowship and pale the first agitators of emancipation. Garrison had just been released, through the kindness of Arthur Tappan, from an im- prisonment of forty-nine days in Baltimore jail for saying in a newspaper that the taking of a cargo of negro slaves from Baltimore to New Orleans was an act of " domestic piracy," and was issuing the first number of the Liberator, taking for his motto, " My country is the world, my countrymen are all man- kind," and declaring, " I am in earnest, I will not equivocate, I will not excuse, I will not retreat a single inch, I will be heard." The agitation of the abolition of slavery, which was to end only with emancipation, had thus begun. The discussion found its way into the public prints, and among the thinking circles of all rural New Eng- land. The blacksmith's apprentice read what the newspapers had to say, and listened to the neighbor- hood discussions on the great question. His sense of justice and humanity was aroused, and he adopted the motto and declaration of purpose as announced by Garrison ; and from early youth till the time when Lincoln's proclamation assured the full success of the object aimed at, Mr. Wallingford was the earnest friend of the slave and the active promoter of all schemes looking to his emancipation. With Gar- ison, Phillips, Parker, Douglas, Rogers, and the other leading anti-slavery men he was a hearty co-worker, and for years on terms of warm personal friendship. During the winter of 1849-50, Hon. Jeremiah Clemens, of Alabama, made a speech in the United States Senate, in which he claimed that Northern me- chanics and laborers stood upon a level with Southern slaves, and that the lot of the latter was in fact envi- ous when compared with that of the former classes. This speech at once called out from Hon. John P. Hale, then a member of the Senate, a reply in keep- ing with the demands of the occasion and with the great powers of Mr. Hale as an orator. Soon after a meeting of the mechanics of Dover was held, at which Mr. Wallingford presided, and at which resolutions expressing the feelings of the meeting towards Mr. Clemens' speech were passed and a copy furnished to that gentleman by Mr. Wallingford. Upon the re- ceipt of these resolutions Senator Clemens published in the New York Herald a letter addressed to Mr. Wallingford, propounding ten questions. These ques- tions were framed, evidently with the design not so much of getting information about the actual condi- tion of the workingmen of the free States as to draw from Mr. Wallingford some material that could be turned to the disadvantage of the system of free labor. Mr. Wallingford replied through the press, Feb. 6, 1850, in a letter which at once answered the impulsive and haughty " owner of men," and triumphantly vin- dicated our system of free labor. For directness of reply, density, and clearness of style, few published letters have equaled it. It must have afforded Mr. Clemens material for reflection, and it is not known that he afterwards assailed the workingmen of the nation. From the formation of the Republican party, Mr. Wallingford has been one of its active supporters. Though no man has been more decided in his politi- cal convictions, or more frank in giving expression to them, no one has been more tolerant of the opinions of others, or more scrupulous in his methods of po- litical warfare. Despising the tricks of the mere partisan, and abhorring politics as a trade, he has al- ways been content to rest the success of his party on an open, free discussion of the issues involved. Not deeming it consistent with his obligations to his com- pany to spend his time in the public service, he has refused to accede to the repeated propositions of his political friends to support him for important official positions, but he was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1876, and Presidential elector for 1876, casting his vote for Hayes and Wheeler. He is, and has been for years, president of the S:ivings-Bank for the County of Strafford, a director of the Strafford National Bank, president of the Dover Library As- sociation, and a director in the Dover and Winnipi- seogee Railroad. In his religious belief Mr. Wal- lingford is a Unitarian, and an active member of the Unitarian Society in Dover. 872 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. COL. ANDREW H. YOUNG. James Young emigrated to this country from Scot- land, and in Philadelphia married Margaret Sloan. To them was born a son, William Young, who mar- ried Charity Howe. Among their children was Aaron Young. He was a man of unusual native ability, which enabled him to take a prominent place in Bar- rington, N. H., where he passed his days, and in the Whig party, with whose interest in the State he was largely identified. He was a representative in the General Court and selectman for many years. He married Lydia Daniels, who was a daughter of Clem- ent and Esther (Danielson) Daniels. Aaron Young died in 1854, leaving, With other children, Andrew H. Young, the subject of this sketch, who was born June 16, 1827. He passed his boyhood on his father's farm and in the public schools of the town, receiving from this two-fold source the thoroughly practical educa- tion which has been a grand element in our Ameri- can civilization. In 1852 he was elected superintend- ent of schools in his native town. In 1855, Mr. Young removed to Dover, N. H., and that year was elected Register of Deeds for Strafford County. He con- tinued in this position for four years. In 1860 he was appointed clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for the county. On the breaking out of the civil war Mr. Young resigned his office and entered the Union army, Oct. 22, 1861, as lieutenant and quartermaster of the Seventh New Hampshire Volunteers. Nov. 26, 1862, Lieut. Young was promoted by President Lincoln to be captain and quartermaster of the United States volunteers. He served as post quartermaster at Fort Jefferson and St. Augustine, Fla., both com- manded by Col. HaldimandS. Putnam. He was also commissary of subsistence at both posts. Subse- quently Capt. Young was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and was quartermaster of the Second Brigade, Second Division of the Second Corps, com- manded by Col. N. J. Hall, chief quartermaster of the First Division Second Corps, commanded by Gen. Francis Barlow, chief quartermaster of the Third Division of the Second Corps, commanded by Gen. Alexander Hayes, and acting chief quartermaster of the Second Corps, commanded by Gen. Winfield S. Hancock. Col. Young was in all the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac from December, 1862, to July, 1864. He was appointed paymaster of the United States army by President Lincoln, May 24, 1864, being first assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and subse- quently to the department of the Platte, with head- quarters at Denver, Colorado Territory, and Fort Laramie, Wyoming Territory. He was brevetted, March 13, 1865, lieutenant-colonel by President Johnson, for meritorious conduct during the entire war. In May, 1866, Col. Young resigned his position in the army, and was honorably mustered out July 30th, having been in the military service four years and ten months. April 29, 1869, he was appointed by Presi- dent Grant collector of internal revenue for the First Congressional District, New Hampshire. He held the office thirteen years, the last six years being collector for the entire State. He resigned this office April 29, 1882. Commissioner Raum, in accepting the resignation, bore testimony in a very special way to the great effi- ciency and utmost integrity which had characterized Col. Young's management of his office. As quarter- master and paymaster in the army, and collector of internal revenue for New Hampshire, Col. Young has received and disbursed many millions of dollars with- out the loss or waste of a single dime. He has been president of the Dover Five-Cent Savings-Bank, and is at the present time one of its directors. He is one of the corporators of the Strafford County Savings-Bank. He was one of the principal projec- tors of the Portsmouth and Dover Railroad, and a director for fifteen years. He has been a member of the city government, and was associate justice of the police court of Dover in 1860 and 1861. He is a member of the New Hampshire Historical Society, of the Grand Army of the Republic, and of the mil- itary order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. Dartmouth College, in 1861, conferred upon Col. Young the degree of Master of Arts. In the later years of Col. Young's busy public life he has gratified his natural tastes for agriculture in carry- ing on his large farm in the town of Madbury. Here his enterprise has been shown in the successful experi- ments in making his acres produce the finest crops in all this fertile region of the State. His farming neighbors have always had the full benefits of his large experience and sound judgment in all matters pertaining to raising stock and crops. Col. Young is endowed with great common sense, quick perceptions, fine judgment, and an unusual share of those many qualities which are gathered up in that one phrase, " mother-wit." His large acquaint- ance with public events and prominent men has served to bring these qualities into the foreground of his character. His judgment as respects the liv- ing issues in politics and of those influences which shape both national measures and individual actions is remarkably clear and comprehensive. He has always shown himself to be patriotic and public-spirited. He is wise in planning and energetic in execution. He is magnanimous towards those who differ from him, free from personal animosity in all his political conflicts. He is true to his friends, warm and steadfast in his loyalty to them, and ready to serve them every time. The sisters and brothers of Col. Young are Esther, wife of John E. Buzzell, of Durham, N. H. ; Sophia A., wife of George S. Hanson, Ashland, Mass. ; Hon. Jacob D. Young, of Madbury, judge of probate for Strafford County ; Aaron Young, of Portsmouth, N. H., for many years connected with the customs and rev- DOVER. 873 enue departments in that place; and George W. Young, of Clarksville, Va., who has ten years repre- sented Mecklenburg County in the Virginia House of Delegates. Col. Young, May 12, 1853, was married to Susan Elizabeth Miles, daughter of Col. Tichenor Miles, of Miulbury, N. H. They have had four children, — Andrew Hamilton, born jMay 22, 1856, and died June 18, 1863; Mary Hale, born July 1, 1861, now a mem- ber of the junior class of Wellsley College, Mass.; Haldimand Putnam, born Nov. 13, 1863, now a stu- dent at the School of Technology, Boston ; and Rich- ard Batchelder, born May 17, 1869. Col. Young's religious associations are with the Congregationalists, and he is a regular attendant upon the service of the First Parish Church at Dover. COL. DANIEL HALL.i Of those towns in the State whose scenery is some- what quiet, one of the most beautiful is Harrington. A small tract on its western border is level and not fertile, but most of its surface is gently rolling, two decided heights, however, aftbrding beautiful views. The map shows it to be traversed by streams in every part, one important river being the outflow of Bow Lake ; and the map shows no less than fourteen ponds, some of them nearly two miles in length, and whose shores, often abrupt, are full of beauty. Magnificent pine forests of the first growth have been carefully preserved to the present generation, and fertile farms are numerous. Daniel Hall was born in this town, Feb. 28, 1832, and, with slight exceptions, was the descendant of generations of farmers. His first known American ancestor was John Hall, who appears to have come to Dover, N. H., in the year 1649, with his brother Ralph, from Charlestown, Mass. Of this blood was the mother of Governor John Langdon, Tobias Lear (Washington's private secretary), and others of like energy. The emigrant, John Hall, was the first re- corded deacon of the Dover First Church, was town clerk, commissioner to try small cases, and a farmer, but mainly surveyor of lands. His spring of beau- tiful water is still " Hall's Spring," on Dover Neck. His son Ralph was of Dover, a farmer; whose son Ralph, also a farmer, was one of the early settlers of Barrington ; whose son Solomon, also a farmer, was of the same town; whose son Daniel, also a farmer, was father of Gilman Hall (his ninth child), who, by his wife, Eliza Tuttle, was father of nine children, Daniel being the first-born. The picturesque old house in which he was born, built by one Hunking, is still standing near Winkley's Pond, an interesting and venerable landmark, but unoccupied and in a ruinous condition. Gilman Hall was early a trader 1 By Eev. Alonzo Hall Qiiinf, D.D. in Dover, but for twenty-five subsequent years was farmer and trader in Barrington, his native town, on the stage road known as the "Waldron's Hill" road. He was representative, and for many years selectman. Daniel's mother was a descendant of John Tuttle, who was judge of the Superior Court for many years prior to the year 1700, residing in Dover. Daniel Hall's life as a boy was on the farm. He went to the district school a long distance, through snows and heats, and by and by helped in the store. When older, from fourteen years onward, he drove a team to Dover, with wood and lumber, and sold his loads, standing on Central Square. But he had a, passion for books, and a burning desire for an educa- tion. He learned all he could get in the district school, and when about sixteen years of age he secured two terms, about six months in all, in Strafford Acad- emy, — one term under Ira F. Folsom (D. C. 1848), and one under Rev. Porter S. Burbank. In 1849 he was one term at the New Hampshire Conference Semi- nary, in Northfield, Rev. Richard S. Rust, principal. Then, for satisfactory reasons, be gave up all acade- mies, returned home, set himself down alone to his Greek, Latin, and mathematics, and with indomitable perseverance prepared for college. He entered Dart- mouth in 1850, probably the poorest fitted in his class; but he had the fitting of a determined will, uncon- querable industry, a keen intellect, and the fibre of six generations of open-air ancestors, and in 1854 he graduated at the very head of his class, and was vale- dictorian. It is needless to say, perhaps, that the eldest of nine children had to practice economy, and teach district schools five winters in his native town; and that what small advances he had from his father were repaid, to the last dollar, from his first earnings. In the fall of 1854 he was appointed a clerk in the New York custom-house, and held the pla,ce for some years. He had taken an early interest in politics, being by education a Democrat. But he had always been positively anti-slavery in sentiment. He was dissatisfied with the Kansas-Nebraska bill, and alone of all the clerks in the custom-house, and fearless of the probable result to himself, he openly denounced tlie Lecompton Constitution policy of Buchanan, and supported Douglas. In consequence he was removed from office in March, 1858. Returning to Dover, he continued the study of law —which he had commenced in New York— in the of- fice of the eminent lawyer, Daniel M. Christie, and on that gentleman's motion was admitted to the 'bar at the May term, 1860. He afterwards well repaid Mr. Christie's kindness by an eulogy upon his de- cease, delivered before the court and subsequently printed. It was regarded as an eloquent and appre- ciative tribute to Mr. Christie's remarkable qualities of manhood and extraordinary powers as a lawyer. Mr. Hall, upon his admission to the bar, opened an office in Dover, and commenced practice. In the spring of 1859, just before the State election, in view 874 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. of the great crisis coming upon the country, at an im- mense meeting in Dover, he (as did also Judge Charles Doe) withdrew from the Democratic party and cast in his allegiance with the Republicans. With them, where his conscience and political principles alike placed him, has his lot been cast ever since; and it is not improbable that that one addition in later and critical years turned the scale in New Hampshire's political destinies. It was an episode in his life that in 1859 he was appointed by the Governor and Council school com- missioner for Strafford County, and reappointed in 1860. His early training in the country district school, his work as master in the winters, and his hard-earned higher education qualified him emi- nently for the practical duties of this office. In the autumn of 1861, Mr. Hall was appointed secretary of the United States Senate committee to investigate the surrender of the Norfolk navy-yard. This committee consisted of John P. Hale, Andrew Johnson, and James W. Grimes. Soon after he was appointed clerk of the senate committee on naval af- fairs at Washington, of which Mr. Hale was chairman. He served' in this capacity until March, 1862 ; but he wished for more immediate participation in the great struggle then in progress. The conflict, which had its symptoms in the Lecompton strife, had become war, and the young man who had then sacrificed office for principle was ready for a still greater sacri- fice. In March, 1862, he was commissioned aide-de- camp and captain in the regular army of the United States. He was assigned to duty with Gen. John C. Fremont ; but before he had time to join that officer Gen. Fremont had retired from command, and Capt. Hall was transferred to the staff of Gen. A. W. Whip- ple, then in command at Arlington Heights of the troops and works in front of Washington on the south side of the Potomac. In September, 1862, a few days after the battle of Antietam, Gen. Whipple joined the Army of the Potomac, and eventually marched with it to the front of Fredericksburg. On the 13th of December, 1862, he was in the battle of Fredericksburg, crossing the river with the Third Corps, and taking part in the sanguinary assault upon the works which covered Marye's Heights. At the battle of Chancellorsville he was in the col- umn sent out to cut Jackson's line as he moved in front of the army, and in the gallant action of the Third Division of the Third Corps, under Gen. Whipple, of whose staff he was a member, and was with that lamented officer when he fell mortally wounded. Capt. Hall was then assigned to the staff of Gen. Oliver 0. Howard, commander of the Eleventh Corps, and with him went to Gettysburg. His posi- tion in that action was important. When Gen. Rey- nolds, commanding the First Corps, had advanced through the town and encountered the enemy. Gen. Howard, then moving up and about five miles to the rear, hearing, the heavy firing, ordered Capt. Hall to ride forward as rapidly as possible, find Gen. Rey- nolds, ascertain the condition of aflairs, and obtain his orders. Capt. Hall's fleet horse soon covered the distance, and he found Gen. Reynolds himself in an advanced and exposed position from the enemy's fire. He did his errand. Gen. Reynolds said he had met the enemy in force, and sent the order to Gen. Howard to bring up his corps with all possible dis- patch. Scarcely had Capt. Hall got back through the town when he was overtaken by the intelligence that Gen. Reynolds was mortally wounded, and near the cemetery he met Gen. Howard impatiently coming up in advance of his corps. Passing Cemetery Ridge, Gen. Howard said, "That is the place to fight this battle," and directed Capt. Hall to take a battery from the leading division and place it in position on the crest of the hill. This was done, and that bat- tery, the first planted on Cemetery Hill, remained on that spot through the three days of the conflict. When Gen. Howard took his own place there^ Capt. Hall was of course with him, and on the second day of the engagement was slightly wounded by a shell. These details are given simply to place on record, in this permanent form, his testimony to the justice of the claim made by the friends of Gen. Howard that he was fully entitled to the thanks voted him by Con- gress for selecting Cemetery Hill and holding it as the battle-ground of the great and glorious battle of Gettysburg. In the latter part of 1863 his health suffered, and he was forced to leave the service in December, 1863. But in June, 186'1, he was appointed provost-marshal of the First New Hampshire District, being stationed at Portsmouth, and here he remained until the close of the war. The affairs of the office were in some confusion, but his rtiethodical habits soon reduced it to order. During his term of service he enlisted or drafted and forwarded over four thousand men to the army. This service ceased in October, 1865. " He was one of the men," said a substitute broker to the writer of this sketch, " that no man dared approach with a crooked proposition, no matter how much was in it." Mr. Hall resumed the practice of law in Dover, but in 1866 was appointed clerk of the Supreme Court for Strafford County, and in 1868 judge of the Police Court of the city of Dover. The duties of these offices were performed with his usual sense of justice, but in 1874 the Democratic party, being in power, " addressed" him out of both offices. In the mean time he had been judge-advocate, with the rank of major, in the military of New Hampshire, under Governor Smyth, and held a position on the staff of Governor Harriman which gave him his usual title of colonel. Col. Hall had long taken a deep interest in political affairs. To him they represented principles. In 1873 he was president of the Republican State Convention at Concord. He had been for some vears a member DOVER. 875 of the Republican State Committee, when, in Decem- ber, 1873, his abilities as a leader and executive officer were recognized in his selection as chairman of that committee. He so remained until 1877, and conducted the campaigns. State and national, of 1874, 1875, and 1870. These were critical years for the Republican party. The nearly even balance of parties in New Hampshire, the vigor and intensity with which the battles are always fought, and the skill necessary in every department demand abilities and energies of the highest order. The years men- tioned surpassed ordinary years in political danger to the Republicans. It is sufficient to say that Col. Hall conducted the last three campaigns to a trium- phant issue. So decisive were the successive victories that the tide was turned, and from that time the State has not swerved from Republican allegiance. In 1876, Col. Hall was chairman of the New Hamp- shire delegation to the Republican National Conven- tion at Cincinnati, being chosen at large, unpledged, and with scarce a dissenting vote. Seven delegates voted from first to last for James G. Blaine, but Col. Hall, with ex-Governor Straw and Hon. Charles H. Burns, voted six times for Mr. Bristow, and on the decisive ballot for Rutherford B. Hayes. In 1876 and 1877, Mr. Hall was, by appointment of Governor Cheney, reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire, and in that hon- orable position published volumes 56 and 57, New Hampshire Reports. In 1877 he succeeded Governor Harriman as naval officer at the port of Boston. This office is co-ordinate with that of collector, upon which it is a check. Mr. Hall's business habits, his keen insight, his perfect accuracy, and the ruling principle of his life to do everything well and thoroughly there came into operation. He quietly mastered the details as well as the general work of the department. Regularly at his post, his office became a model in its management, and was commended in the highest terms by the proper officers. When, therefore, his term expired he was reappointed for another four years by Presi- dent Arthur, with no serious opposition. Mr. Hall married, Jan. 25, 1877, Sophia, daughter of Jonathan T. and Sarah (Hanson) Dodge, of Roch- ester, and has one son, Arthur Wellesley Hall, born Aug. 30, 1878. The beautiful house erected and occupied by him in Dover, and adorned with culti- vated taste, has not its least charm in the steadily in- creasing library of carefully-selected literature, to whose study he devotes the hours not required by official duties. He attends the First Church of Dover, the Congre- gational Church, where his emigrant ancestors held office two centuries and a quarter ago. He is a radical teetotaler, and deeply interested in the cause of temperance. It is his personal request to have his great love for the horse, and, indeed, for all ani- mals, spoken of in this sketch. Mr. Hall's gentle, courteous, and unassuming man- ners do not meet the common idea of the bold and sagacious politician. His modest conversation will suggest scholarly instincts, but requires time to show the breadth of his culture. Public addresses have, as occasions demanded, exhibited the thoughtful political student, a patriotic love of country, and the ripeness of the accomplished scholar. Fidelity to every engagement, good faith to every principle es- poused, firmness in determination, and usefulness in every work undertaken have insured him success. But in a life still so young it is fair to assume that recognitions of public respect will he greater than any trusts yet given, or reputation achieved in his profession, the field of long-past battles, or the offices of public honor. COL. ,JOHX BRACEAVELL, A:M.i The subject of this sketch was born June 18, 1837, in Clitheroe, England. Clitheroe is a busy cotton- manufacturing town on the Ribble, and in the great- est cotton-manufacturing district'of the world, Lan- cashire. The father. Miles Bracewell, from his early boy- hood had been engaged in printing calico, having served his apprenticeship with James Thompson & Sons, who owned and managed the Primrose Print- Works. James Thompson was a famous manufac- turer, his enterprise and liberality being known throughout Europe. For many years Miles Brace- well had charge of the " color department" in the Primrose Print-AVorks. He afterwards went into business for himself, and at the time of his death was the senior partner and principal owner of two print- works, — one at Oakenshaw and another at ICersal Vale. It was while the father was in the service of James Thompson that John Bracewell, then a very small boy, was regularly apprenticed to this distinguished manufacturer. The institution of apprenticeship in anything like its English thoroughness is little prac- ticed in this country. For a long period in England the term apprentice was applied equally to such as were being taught' a trade or a, learned profession. The term of seven years was regarded as much a ne- cessity for the learner in any craft as for the scholar seeking to attain the degree of doctor or master in the liberal arts. Although the laws which formerly made the apprenticeship compulsory have been abolished in England, yet the principle is universally recognized there in the form of a voluntary contract. Of its im- mense advantages in the way of securing the most thorough knowledge and highest skill in the learner no one can doubt. Mr. John Bracewell, who probably to-day holds the foremost place among those engaged in his business in this country, is a living argument for the excellence of the apprentice system. He began 1 By Rtv. George B. Spalding, D.D. 876 HISTORY OF STRAFFOED COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. his tutelage as a lad. He began at the lowest round in the ladder of his advancement, and was long and rigidly held at each until he could safely mount the higher one. There was a very superior French chem- ist employed in the Primrose Works, and no little of the boy's studies were under him. When eighteen years of age Mr. Bracewell had es- tablished such a reputation for proficiency in the mys- teries of color that he was offered a fine position in a great carpet manufactory in France, but his father ad- vised him to decline this flattering offer, feeling that the responsibility was too great for one so young. That subtle but irresistible influence which for so many years had been drawing such tides of popula- tion from Europe to America was already settling the question as to the country where this young man was to work out his great success. Only a month after he had declined -to go to France he received and ac- cepted the offer of a position as assistant manager in the Merrimac Print-Works, Lowell, Mass. There he remained five years and a half, winning for him- self a distinguished reputation by the energy and skill of his management. Certainly it argues some un- usual qualities in his work while there, some ex- traordinary gifts and capacities in his nature, that could have led the Cocheco Manufacturing Com- pany to call this young man of twenty-three years of age to its most responsible position, that of su- perintendent of its print-works. There were no less than thirteen applicants for this office. The di- rectors, with entire unanimity, made choice of this youngest of them all, and gave to him the unlimited charge of the most important department of their great industry. Soon after entering upon his new duties, Mr. Bracewell took advantage of the suspen- sion of work in the manufactory, made necessary at that period of the civil war, to enlarge his scientific knowledge by attending lectures on analytic chemis- try at Harvard College. He studied with great thor- oughness this science during a five months' course, and at the same time directed the many repairs and changes which were being made in the print-works at Dover. With the beginning of the year 1861, Mr. Bracewell took up his residence in Dover. The re- markable enterprise and judgment of the new man- ager made themselves at once felt. For just twenty years he continued in his position. These years wit- nessed a series of brilliant successes. He showed himself to be a genius in his profession. To his origin- ating, creative mind he joins an unusual power of adapting to his own uses suggestions coming from whatever source. By his sheer abilities, his indom- itable energy, his quickness of insight, his tireless perseverance, and his perfect command of the minute details of every branch of his work, Mr. Bracewell soon lifted the Cocheco goods to the very head of their class, and held them there to the last day of his ser- vice. The production of the print-works very nearly quadrupled during this period. In 1864, Mr. Bracewell was married to Mary Har- riet Hope, of Lowell, Mass., whose noble character death has made the more precious to many friends. There were born to them three daughters and one son, all of whom are living. During Mr. Bracewell's residence in Dover he en- deared himself to all classes of people by his large- hearted liberality, his great geniality, and his keen personal interest in whatever aflfected the welfare of the city or the condition of every individual in it. He was an ardent supporter of his church, which he greatly loved, and every good cause in the community. He was quick to suggest, and ready to lead any move- ment which was helpful to the material and moral ad- vancement of Dover. With a view of benefiting the city, and also as a sound investment for his own ad- vantage, Mr. Bracewell built, iu 1879, a substantial and attractive block, consisting of nine stores, which spans the Cochecho River. It bids long to stand, a fitting monument of his public spirit and wise fore- sight. Though born and educated an Englishman, he became an ardent, patriotic American citizen from the very day that he touched American soil. His pride and hopes for America are as intense as any native son's. His love for Dover is as tender and steadfast as though its air was the first he breathed. The church with which he first united he still regards as his home. He long served her as a most efficient superintendent of its Sunday-school, and when he was about to remove his residence from Dover, out of a great desire to see the church freed from the burden of a debt of thirteen thousand dollars, Mr. Bracewell, by his payment of a tenth of the sum, led on others to such generous donations that the debt waaspeedily extinguished. Mr. Bracewell may still be regarded as a, New Hampshire son and a citizen of Dover. His nature will not allow him to lose elsewhere the very great interest which twfenty years' sojourn here has created in him. It may well be expected that he will some time return to permanently abide .among friendships whose preciousness he and his host of friends so fully appreciate. In January, 1881, Mr. Bracewell received an offer to go into business at North Adams, Mass., and as the physicians thought his wife's health would be better there than in Dover, he decided to make the change. The directors of I he Cocheco Manufacturing Com- pany, by offer of an increase of salary from ten thousand to fifteen thousand dollars a year, and other inducements, sought to retain Mr. Bracewell in their employment. Mr. Bracewell, however, removed to North Adams, purchasing a third interest in the Freeman Manufacturing Company of that place, and the same success which was acquired in Dover has followed his abilities into the great business which he represents at North Adams. The Windsor calicoes and other products of the Freeman Manufacturing C^Vl/./ in^n^ DOVER. 877 Company already stand in the market among the foremost of their class. In 1877, jSIr. Bracewell received the degree of Mas- ter of Arts from Dartmouth College, a distinction well earned and worthily bestowed. During Governor Prescott's term of office, ]\Ir. Bracewell served as a member of his staff, with rank of colonel. Mr. Bracewell's remarkable activity has not been shut into his business. The intensity of his nature comes out to an undiminished degree in his politics, his friendships, his public spirit, and his religious faith. His sympathies are quick and universal ; his enthusiasms are communicative and inspiring; his affections are tender and loyal. CHARLES M. MURPHY. We live in days when the successes of men appar- ently born to lives of grinding toil are a pregnant sign of the tin\es. Such opportunities are now open to him who has a good order of ability, with high health and spirits, who has all his wits about him, and feels the circula- tion of his blood and the motion of his heart, that the lack of early advantages form no barrier to suc- cess. A striking illustration of the truth of these state- ments is shown in the following sketch. Charles M. Murphy, son of John and Mary M. (Meader) Murphy, was born in Alton, Belknap Co., N. H., Nov. 3, 1835. In 1S42 his parents moved to Barnstead, N. H., and settled upon the Tasker farm, at the south of the town. Here the child grew in stature, and filled out and braced his frame by hard manual labor. Little record is left of these years of severe work and continuous struggle, but there is little doubt that the discipline developed an indomitable will and sturdy self-reliance, which alone enable poor men's children to grapple with the world, that under more favorable circumstances might never have shown their full capacity of force and tenacity. Again, it is widely believed, and nowhere more strongly 'than in opulent cities and busy marts, that a boy is better bred on a farm, in close contact with the ground, than elsewhere. He is full as likely to be generous, brave, humane, honest, and straightfor- ward as his city-born contemporary, while as to self- dependence, strength, and stamina, he ordinarily has a great advantage over his rival. He attended the district school during the winter terms until of an age suitable to. leave the parental care, when he enjoyed for two terms the advantages of the academy at Norwich, Vt. At school it appears that he was diligent and ambitious, and from his natural cheerfulness of temperament very active in all athletic exercises. Then began the active and practical duties of life, and, being the oldest of four boys for some years he assisted his father m edu- cating and advancing the interests of his brothers. John E. Murphy became a prominent dentist, prac- ticing in Pittsfield, N. H., and Marblehead, Mass., and dying at the early age of thirty-five. Prank Murphy, M.D., graduate of Dartmouth College, prac- ticed his profession in Strafford and Northwood, but died in the very flush and promise of life, at the age of twenty-nine. Albert Warren Murphy, D.D.S., graduate of the Philadelphia Dental College, after one year's practice in Boston, removed, in 1872, to Paris, France, where his professional labors brought him both credit and profit. At the expiration of two years an active interest in Spanish affairs, and a de- sire to test the business advantages of the country, led him to Spain. He soon settled in Madrid, and in 1879 was appointed dentist to the royal court. Relieved from his generous labors at home, the sub- ject of our sketch was married, at the age of twenty- two, to Sabrina T. Clark, daughter of Isaac Clark, Esq., of Barnstead, N. H., and for six months tried independent farming ; but though fully aware what a life full of joy and beauty and inspiration is that of the country, and not destitute of a natural taste for rural pursuits, at the expiration of the time named he surrendered his acres to his father, and with less than one hundred and fifty dollars moved to Dover, and began the study of dentistry with Dr. Jefferson Smith. To this business he brought the same will- power and ability to prolong the hours of labor which marked his home-life, and in two years was pronounced competent to practice in his new calling. Dr. Smith soon died, and the recently emancipated student not only succeeded very largely to his prac- tice, but enlarged and built upon it till a reputation and an income were secured which made travel and study easy and profitable. For eighteen years this patient, hopeful man labored and experimented, add- ing each season to his knowledge and skill, losing hardly a day, except while studying for his degree at the Boston Dental School. In 1878, as the result of long and careful study of the business interests of the country, he withdrew entirely from his profession, and embarked his all in the precarious occupation of a broker. Here his coolness, sagacity, and equableness of temper found their proper field, and such a measure of success has followed as falls to the lot of few men not bred from youth amid the fluctuations of the stock- market. In his new occupation he is indefatigable in procuring information, and alike keen in dis- cerning new points of view, and shrewd in contrast- ing them with those which are older and well known. Very naturally the subject of our sketch took a lively interest in political affairs upon becoming of age. A strong and devoted Republican, in his adopted city hia influence in local politics has been felt for years. He was a member of the State House of Representa- tives in 1871 and 1873, and attached to the staff of Governor Straw ; appointed and confirmed as consul to Moscow, honor declined; a member of the Chicago 878 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Convention in 1880, where he stoutly supported Blaine so long as a ray of hope remained ; president of the Dover Five-Cents Savings-Bank, — from a state of torpor and weakness it has grown under his guiding hand into activity and strength; elected mayor of the city of Dover in 1880, and recently chosen for another term ; recipient of the honorary degree of A.B. from Lewis College in 1881. So through all his mature life Col. Murphy has been a busy man. But the en- ergetic and successful are not exempt from the sor- sows common to humanity. Three children, who if spared might put off to a distant day the weariness that inevitably comes with advancing years, died while young, and finally the partner of all his vicis- situdes bade him a final adieu. His second wife, Mrs. Eliza T. Hanson, widow of the late John T. Hanson, of this city, dispenses a gra- cious hospitality in the spacious and richly-furnished Cashing Street mansion. In closing, we may add Col. Murphy combines qualities which are generally found apart, — a love for work amounting to dedication, and a readiness to assist the unfortunate which seems ingrained. His abode is full of cheerfulness. No one comes there who does not receive a hearty welcome ; no one de- parts without feeling as if leaving a home. PAUL A. STACKPOLE, A.M., M.D. Paul A. Stackpole, son of Sainuel and Rosanna Stackpole, was born in Rochester, N. H., Feb. 12, 1817. Early in life he evinced a determination to .=ecure a thorough education, and although not encouraged by either friends or relatives, he persisted with that ten- acity characteristic of the man, and after a struggle with adverse circumstances which called forth all the determination and courage of his buoyant nature, he found himself master of the situation, ready to face the conflicts of the world, with a liberal education, ab- solutely essential to the successful study and practice of the medical profession. After securing the advantages afforded by the com- mon schools of his native town, he attended the Rochester Academy, and when only seventeen years of age we find him engaged in the laudable vocation of teaching school. He subsequently attended Wolf- borough Academy, and again taught school, this time in Somersworth. During all this period the money young Stackpole earned was paid, or at least the greater portion of it, to his father. He had now de- termined to enter Phillips' Andover Academy, then and now a celebrated institution. He left Dover by stage, and arrived in Andover •with six dollars in his pocket, barely enough to pay his initiation fee, without a dollar to advance for tuition, and the immediate future looked not particu- larly bright, as it was a rule of the institution that payment for tuition be made in advance. Young Stackpole called on the principal, Prof. Osgood John- son, and acquainted the learned tutor plainly with his position and determination, that he had no money or friends, but he was determined to secure an education, and if by any means he might be al- lowed to enter the school he would endeavor not to bring discredit upon the institution nor prove recre- ant to the confidence imposed. His frank and manly manner won the regard of Professor Johnson, and he was admitted. He pursued his studies with indefatiga- ble zeal, and it may be stated briefly that he was ever foremost in his class and became a warm friend of Professor Johnson. 'Professor Johnson died while he was a student, and was succeeded by the late Samuel Taylor, who at once formed a warm friendship for young Stackpole, which lasted through life. He took the customary course of three years, graduated, and left Andover with one hundred dollars in his pocket. He then intended to enter Harvard College and take the regular course, that he might be the better prepared for the study of medicine, which profession he had selected as his life work. His friends in Dover and vicinity, however, among whom was Dr. Joseph H. Smith, persuaded him otherwise, and he com- menced the study of medicine with Dr. Smith. This was in 1840. After remaining one year he went to Boston and connected himself with the celebrated Boylston School, prominent among whose lights were Drs. Bowditch, Stedman, Perry, etc. He passed much of the time, however, in the office of Dr. Bow- ditch, and with Dr. Stedman in hospital practice. He also attended lectures at Harvard, and subsequently at Dartmouth, where he graduated in 1843, and the degree of A.M. was subsequently conferred upon him by this college. He then settled in Dover, taking a prominent posi- tion among his medical brethren, where he has since remained in the active practice of his profession, and was early honored with the presidency of the Straf- ford District Medical Society and the New Hampshire State Medical Society. While Dr. Stackpole has ever enjoyed a large and lucrative practice he has also been active in political circles, and has done yeoman service in the councils of his party. He is a Democrat of the Jetfersonian type, and an able and fearless exponent of the princi- ples of that party. In 1874 he was one of the founders of the State Press, a Democratic weekly, in this city, and since 1878 has been its political editor and nominal mana- ger. He wields a trenchant pen, and adds the graces of a lively style. In 1845, Dr. Stackpole united in marriage with Elizabeth G., only child of Charles P. Hills, of Haver- hill, Mass. She died in 1852, leaving three children, —Charlotte E., deceased, and Charles H. and Harry H., both residents of Boston. ^ ---' ^Bv^ft. J_liItLtchis- DOVER. 879 T. J. W. PRAY. T. J. W. Pray, A.JL, M.D., was born in Lebanon, Me., and is the son of Maj. Moses and Lydia (Wor- cester) Pray. In his early years he labored with his parents until about seventeen years of age, when he was thrown upon his own resources, and almost un- aided through his own industry and perseverance obtained his education. The instruction given in the public schools at that day was meagre, and only a few months in a year were allowed for instruction. Not satisfied with the limited means for knowledge in hia native town, he went to the academy at North Par- sonfield. Me. In a few years afterwards he entered his name at the South Berwick Academy, under the tuition of tha,t excellent instructor, Joshua D. Berry. The school was then in a very flourishing condition, and the most of his classical education was obtained at the latter institution. In 1841 he joined the sopho- more class of Bowdoin College. This was one of the largest classes that ever entered there, and it numbered many who have occupied prominent positions in public and private life. Among this number may be men- tioned Hon. C. A. Goddard, of Portland, Me. ; Hon. W. W. Virgin, judge of the Superior Court of Maine ; D. R. Hastings, of Fryeburg, Me. ; H. G. Herrick, of Lawrence, Mass. ; Hon. S. J. Anderson, president of the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, and others. In order to get his academical and collegiate edu- cation, Dr. Pray was employed in teaching school both before and during his college career. He was a successful teacher in Lebanon, Shapleigh, Sanford, Westbrook, and Pittston, Me. Soon after his gradu- ation he was offered a select school in the neighboring village of Great Falls. He continued this school with remarkable success for two years, when he was com- pelled to abandon it on account of ill health. This school grew in reputation, and among his pupils who have gained fame were George W. Burleigh, Esq., Hon. E. A. Rollins, of Philadelphia, and other lead- ing citizens of the Granite State. Soon after Dr. Pray entered his name with J. H. Jewett, M.D., of South Berwick, Me., a physician of excellent repute, and also was under the tuition of Prof. E. R. Peaslee, of New York City. His first course of medical lectures was at Bowdoin College, and his second was at Harvard University, where he took the degree of Doctor of Medicine in the spring of 1848. He at once located in Dover, and very soon took a prominent position in his profession. He has been devotedly attached to it, and has not been idle in its various duties. Soon after he commenced prac- tice he obtained a prize for the best paper on the "Medical Properties of Sulphur," and in 1857-58 he was appointed orator for the State Medical Society, and chose for his subject, "Nursing Sore Mouth." This paper called out various complimentary notices, and Dr. Isaac Hays, editor of the American Journal of Medical Sciences, truthfully remarked that it " was an able and instructive paper." Among the other papers published and written by him may be named "Re- port of two Cases of Malpractice," "Menopause," "Modern Stimulation," "Thermometry of Disease." Dr. Pray, in 1880, as president of the New Hamp- shire Medical Society, gave the annual address, and selected for his subject " Diphtheria." This is a monograph upon this disease. This address exhibited thorough knowledge of his subject, and is an invalu- able contribution to the medical literature of the day. In a letter to Dr. Pray, Dr. H. I. Bowditch, of Boston, Mass., says, " I desire to thank you most heartily for your address on ' Diphtheria.' I do not know when I have read an address more admirable, and if read thoughtfully by physicians and laity it must do much good." The New York Medical Record in a review says the address is a very full and exhaustive discus- sion of the subject of diphtheria. On all the mooted points the writer shows thorough information and excellent judgment. Dr. M. A. McCollam, of Knox- ville, 111., author of the celebrated work on civil malpractice, adds, " I never have read so satisfactory an address," etc. Dr. Pray has been president of the Dover Medical Association, and also presiding officer of the Strafford District Medical Society. He has ever manifested an interest in the weal of his adopted city. In a few years after his location in Dover he found the city without a library. By his efforts and the assistance of Capt. Moses Paul, agent of the Cocheco Manu- facturing Company, he was the founder of the Dover library. He wrote the subscription-paper, circulated it, and was librarian for quite a number of years. In educational matters he has been particularly active. He was connected with the schools as one of the committee for about twenty years, and belonged to the State board of education as commissioner of common schools for Strafford County in 1858-59. He was chosen representative to the General Court in 1858-59, and held the position of chairman of the committee on education. He was member of the city government four years, and president of the Common Council for three years during the late Rebellion, at that time a responsible and laborious position. He is a member of the First Congregational Society, and takes much interest in its prosperity. Dr. Pray has been a promoter of temperance, having been a member of the Sons of Temperance for twenty years, and been Grand Worthy Patriarch of the State society. He has been selected twice to give the grad- uation address before the medical class of Dartmouth College, and has held other responsible trusts. In November, 1851, he united in marriage with Sarah E., daughter of John H. Wheeler, Esq., and their family consisted of two children, — John Wheeler Pray, a practicing physician in Northwood, N. H., and Thomas M., an attorney of Dover. Mrs. Pray died in 1857, and in June, 1870, he married Martha A., daughter of Rev. S. S. Matthews, and they have one child, Mary E. 880 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. ELISHA RHODES BROAVN. Nothing is more interesting in tlie histories of fami-' lies than the very distinctive and often powerful char- acteristics which with such uniformity run through their generations. The family of Brown, which traces its New England origin to Chad Brown, of Provi- dence, E. I., seems to have received from him to an un- usual degree his own marked traits, — a sturdy intelli- gent independence, a profound religious spirit, and great business capacities, joined to equal benevolence of heart. In this line are found the four brothers, — Nicholas, Joseph, John, and Moses, — " all uncommon men, remarkable for broad views, and for the active and efficient prosecution of public aims." Through the munificent generosity of Nicholas, Brown Uni- versity was founded, and by the princely gifts of John it was from time to time richly endowed. The subject of this sketch represents the eighth generation in this Providence branch of the Brown family. The line is as follows : 1. Chad, who was exiled from Massachusetts " for conscience' sake," in 1637, with his wife Elizabeth and son John. He was one of the original proprietors of the Providence Purchase, and pastor of the Baptist Church in Providence. He is described by Dr. Hague in his "Historical Discourse" as follows: "Contem- porary with Eoger Williams, he possessed a cooler' temperament, and was happily adapted. to sustain the interests of religion just where that great man failed. Not being affected by the arguments of the Seekers, he maintained his standing firmly in a church which he believed to be founded on the rock of eternal truth, even ' the Word of God, which abideth forever.' " He died about 1665, leaving five sons, of whom the eldest was 2. John. He was a member of the Town Council in 1665, and elder in the Baptist Church. He married Mary, daughter of Eev. Obadiah Holms, second pastor of the First Baptist Church, Newport, E. I. Of their five children the second was 3. James, who became pastor of the Baptist Church, Providence. He married Mary, granddaughter of William Harris, one of the first six who came to Providence in 1636. He died in 1732. He had ten children, of whom the tenth was 4. Elisha, born May 25, 1717. He married Martha Smith, a descendant of one of the first settlers of Providence. He was a man of great ability, a mem- ber of the General Assembly, and became Deputy Governor of the colony of Ehode Island. He died in 1802. Of his sons the fourth bore his own name, — 5. Elisha, who was born June 1, 1749. He married Elizabeth Brown, of Eehoboth, and died in 1827. Among their children were twin brothers, Elisha and 6. John, born Jan. 20, 1784. John married Eliz- abeth Daggett, of Seekonk, E. I. Their second child was 7. Colville Dana, born July 4, 1814; married, July 16, 1840, Mary Eliza, daughter of Capt. Elisha H. Rhodes. During the war he was connected with the commissariat department, purchasing for the govern- ment large supplies of provisions and horses. Since the close of the war he has been superintendent of the Capitol grounds, Washington. 8. Elisha Rhodes, born in Providence, R. I., March 28, 1847. He came while a child with his father to live in Dover, N. H. Here he was educated in the public schools. While a young man he became a clerk in the store of Charles Trickey. In December, 1867, at the early age of twenty years, he was elected to the responsible position of teller in the Strafford National Bank, which, under different titles, had been in existence from about the beginning of the century, but which in 1865 had become a national bank. Its cashier at this time was Dr. Asa Tufts, who, for upwards of twenty years, had been filling this office with great acceptability, his fidelity and in- tegrity having won for him the entire confidence of the bank directors and the community at large. The bank has always taken high rank in financial circles as being strong because of its conservative and able management. On the retirement of Dr. Tufts in December, 1875, Mr. Brown was elected cashier. Its board of directors has been composed of men of dis- tinguished ability, such as Hon. Daniel M. Christie, W. S. Stevens (now its president), John McDuflfee, Zimri S. Wallingford, Dr. Jeremiah Home, Charles Woodman, Frank Hobbs, Charles H. Sawyer, Judge Jeremiah Smith. No moneyed institution in the State outranks it in character and success. With a capital of one hun- dred and fifty thousand dollars, it shows a book surplus of seventy thousand dollars, and this without reckon- ing its premium and real estate account, which amounts to about thirty-five thousand dollars, making in all over one hundred thousand dollars surplus. It has been impossible to purchase this bank's stock for some time past. The brilliant and yet most substan- tial success which has characterized the operations of the bank during the past few years is in no small part attributable to the remarkably good judgment and foresight of its cashier. The able men associated with Mr. Brown in the management of the bank's affairs speak in no stinted praise of his keen percep- tions, and his full acquaintance with market values and the conditions of investment. He is superior as a judge of credit. In the delicate matters pertaining to his office he shows remarkable tact, treating all persons with such kindly consideration that none can take offense, f Mr. Brown has been a member of the Masonic fra- ternity for thirteen years, and of the Odd-Fellows for seven. He is also connected with the State Historical Society, in all the affairs of which he takes an intel- ligent interest. Mr. Brown is true to his ancestral traits ; he com- bines with rare business faculties a large benevolence and a deep religious faith ; his charities are wide and constant, and " without observation." The full weight "p/, cz>^jA^y^~ DOVER. 881 of his well-balanced character and his ever-increas- ing influence is on the side of every public measure which makes for the prosperity, peace, and purity of the community. He is a member of the First Church (Congregational), and his activities are devoted to its welfare. Mr. Brown (Oct. 18, 1870) married Fannie, young- est daughter of the late Dr. Alphonzo Bickford, who held a foremost place in his profession, and, as a man, was largely respected for his public spirit, liberal and intelligent views, and sterling integrity. They have two boys, — Alphonzo Bickford, born Jan. 23, 1872, and Harold Winthrop, born Nov. 8, 1875. ALOXZO H. QUINT. Alonzo H. Quint was born March 22, 1828, at the house of his maternal grandfather, Barnstead, N. H. He was the only child of George and Sally W. (Hall) Quint. His father, a remarkably skillful mechanic, was in manufacturing business in Dover, N. H., for over fifty years. Dr. Quint's mother was grand- daughter of Elder Benjamin Randall, the founder of the Free Baptist denomination in America. Dr. Quint's father's father and three great-grandfathers were soldiers in the Revolution ; two collateral were with John Paul Jones; a great-grandfather was a soldier in the French and Indian war, at the mas- sacre of Fort William and Henry, and his ancestor, Shadrech Walton (Judge S. J. C), was colonel of New Hampshire troops at the capture of Port Royal. The earliest American ancestor of his mother was Deacon John Hall, of Dover, ancestor also of Hon. Joshua G. Hall, now member of Congress, and Col. Daniel Hall, both of Dover. Dr. Quint fitted for college at Franklin Academy, Dover, and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1846. Being but eighteen years of age, he divided the next three years between manual labor in his father's employ and reading medicine; when twenty-one entered Andover Theological Seminary, where he graduated in 1852, but took another year of post- graduate study. He was ordained the first pastor of the Central (Congregational) Church, Jamaica Plain (now a part of the city of Boston), Dec. 27, 1853. Here he remained until the commencement of the war of 1861, when he entered (May, 1861) the ser- vice as chaplain of the regiment under Col. G. H. Gordon (a graduate of West Point and a soldier in Mexico), the Second Massachusetts Infantry, the first regiment authorized and raised for three years' ser- vice. The church at Jamaica Plain gave him leave of absence, refusing the resignation which he tendered ; this leave was extended for two years, when he in- sisted on a separation. He took part in the gallant history of that distinguished regiment, which, with Gen. Hooker in 1864, " as is known to two armies, has no superior." It served in Virginia, Maryland, and under Sherman in the centre and to the sea. Of 56 its first list of men, the casualties in action were (by ofiicial figures) precisely 600, in 115 killed, 70 mor- tally wounded, 415 wounded not mortally. Dr. Quint continued in service until the summer of 1 864, when in the campaign to Atlanta by advice of surgeon he was mustered out. He had been officially mentioned for good conduct on the field, and especially in two important battles. Abbott, in his history of the civil war, writes of him as " one of the most heroic chaplains of the war," and other writers have borne a like testimony to his fidelity. July 23, 1864, Dr. Quint was installed pastor of the North Congregational Church in New Bedford, Mass. This church, temporarily depressed, rose under his ministry to a remarkably influential po.sition. The congregation was largely increased, and the pastor's peculiar abilities were making themselves felt through- out the entire denomination. After a ministry of eleven years Dr. Quint felt constrained on account of failing health to resign his position. The malarial fever which he had contracted during the war had made it impossible for him during the last months of his pastorate to do scarcely any service. Although his attached people offered him a leave of absence, he felt it to be his duty to insist upon his withdrawal. In July, 1875, Dr. Quint came to Dover, and has ever since resided here in the home once his father's. His health has been fully regained, and he has been enabled to perform a large and varied literary work. In addition to this he has been for the past two years and still is regularly preaching in the pulpit of Broad- way Church, Somerville, Mass. Mr. Quint received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Dartmouth College in 1866. In 1870 he was elected a trustee of this institution, and still serves in this office. He was by the appointment of the Gov- ernor of Massachusetts one of the eight members of the Massachusetts board of education (the term being eight years), and served until he entered the army of the civil war. For eleven years he was grand chaplain of the Massachusetts Grand Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. He is also a member of the Odd-Fellows. He was the first person initiated into the Grand Army of the Republic in New England. He helped form the first post (New Bedford), was one of the commit- tee to form its national constitution, and was chaplain- in-chief four years. He was a member of the Massa- chusetts Historical Society from 1859 until he left the State, its membership being limited to a hundred. He has been for many years a valuable member of the New England Historic Genealogical Society. He was formerly a corresponding and is now a resident member of the New Hampshire Historical Society. He is also a corresponding member of the New York Historical Society. Dr. Quint has published two books, "Potomac and Rapidan" (army letters) and "Record of the Second Massachusetts Infantry." Various sermons and public addresses have also been 882 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. put into permanent form, among them, notable for its fervid patriotism and eloquent expression, is the ora- tion on the occasion and dedication of the soldiers' monument at Dover; he also performed a similar ser- vice at New Bedford. He officiated as chaplain at the dedication of the soldiers' monument on Boston Common. A vast mass of most valuable historical material has been contributed by Dr. Quint during the past twenty-five years to the columns of the Dover Enquirer. Other results of his patient and wide re- search in this field of literature are to be found in the " New England Historical and Genealogical Register" and in the printed volumes of the " Pro- ceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society." Dr. Quint was one of the founders of the Congrega- tional (Quarterly, and was one of its editors from 1859 to 1866. At the present time his literary labors are engaged in preparing two most important histories, — i.e., that of Dover and that of the State of New Hampshire. For more than a quarter of a century Dr. Quint has been busy in gathering in much most recondite and deeply, interesting material, which when brought into final shape by him will prove an exceedingly rich contribution to American history. Dr. Quint's services to the Congregational denomi- nation have been most important and highly appre- ciated. For twenty-five years he was secretary of the Massachusetts General Association of Congregational Churches, and its moderator in 1865 and 1882. He was chairman of the Business Committee of the Na- tional Council of 1865; was chairman of the com- mittee to call a convention of delegates in 1870 to form a National Council of the Congregational Churches of the United States; was chairman of committee to draft its constitution ; was temporary presiding oflScer at the National Council which met at Oberlin in 1871, and was chosen secretary of the Council for three j^ears, and has been continued by re-elections in this office ever since. He has since 1860 edited the "Congregational Year-Book" and other publications giving the statistics of the Congrega- tional Churches, excepting four years, and still has charge of that work. Dr. Quint preached the last sermon given in the old Brattle Square Church before the Massachusetts Convention of Congregational Ministers. He has been for twenty-two years a director of the American Congregational Association, which has in trust the Congregational Home and great Congregational Li- brary in Boston, and is now senior director. He was for twenty years, to 1882, one of the managers of the Congregational Publishing Society, and, since its in- corporation in 1868, secretary of the Board of Minis- terial Aid, and one of its fifteen members. He is a corporate member of the American Board of Com- missioners for Foreign Missions. He also preached the election sermon by election of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1865. In 1880 he was chosen member of the New Hamp- shire House of Representatives from Ward 2, Dover. The Legislature met in June, 1881. He was a mem- ber of the Railroad Committee, of the Committee on Old Records, the Committee on the Yorktown Celebra- tion. He was chairman of the Committee on Insane Asylum, and also on the Condition of the Insane in County Almshouses. During this session there was a great contest over the chartering of the Lake Shore Railroad, and the passage of a general railroad law, involving the ques- tions of the whole railroad policy of the State. He was the recognized leader upon one side of these questions, as also upon one side of the consideration of constitutional and legal questions involved in the election of senators. In this conflict Dr. Quint took a conspicuous part. In his mastery of the subjects, his clearness of statement, his strength of argument, he showed himself a peer among the veteran lawyers and legislators who stood in the arena of debate. In November, 1882, Dr. Quint was re-elected by an increased majority as representative of his ward. For a man to have served, as Dr. Quint has, in so many and so diversified offices in church and State, argues the possession by him of an unusual range of powers. His versatility must certainly be remarkable. But, beyond this, to have met these so widely diflferent demands with such an acknowledged ability in every case shows Dr. Quint to belong to that order where we place great men. An analysis of his qualities will strengthen this estimate of him. Dr. Quint is a man of unusual intellectual force. He impresses every one as being full of will-power. This of itself goes far to make him a natural leader among men. He would dominate men if by nothing else by the sheer strength of his own personality. But to this force are added sharp perceptions, clear foresight, and a righteous purpose. This gives to his remarkable executive powers wise and beneficent di- rection. It is not less his keen comprehension of the conditions and issues of perplexing questions which arise in discussions than his clearness and strength of self-assertion that enables him so often to set a bewildered assembly right, and unloose the skein of some tangled debate. Dr. Quint is by constitution a logician. His mind is orderly in its movements, and as clear as it is orderly. He is naturally an organ- izer. He must put persons and things under rules, and hold them to a system, just as he loves to put facts and statistics into due form and relation. But there are other qualities in him rarely found in a man of such executive will and logical reasoning. He has great imaginative force and poetic sentiment. His sermons and addresses, both those written and those spoken out of the inspiration of the moment, are not only strong in statement and muscular in ar- gument, but they are blossoming out all over with the very flowers of poetry, the conceits of humor, and sentiments of beauty, tenderness, and pathos. Thla tlilgiiMi jL.EJi'^t'-''-''' ^ a,--t^^Z,^c.<_^ DOVER. 883 makes Dr. Quint an eloquent speaker. He knows men's feelings, their every-day, homely thoughts and experiences, and he reaches these with great delicacy and directness. Dr. Quint, too, has a wonderful memory, at once ca- pacious and retentive. It is a storehouse wherein lie most various and abundant materials, all properly shelved and labeled, and forthcoming on demand. Dr. Quint, so strong and assertive in these qualities, has great kindness of heart and charitableness of judgment. He is magnanimous to all, and most truly loyal to his friends. He is the natural defender of the weak, and quick to champion the cause of the wronged. His patriotism is intense. The material elements mingle strongly in him. We can easily understand of him why it was said that he was " one of the most heroic chaplains of the war.'' Dr. Quint married, Jan. 31, 1854, Rebecca P., daughter of Allen and Eliza (Page) Putnam, of Salem, Mass. Her father was not less able as a ship- master in the old-time long voyages than respected as a man. He was president of the Salem Marine So- ciety, and four years surveyor of the port of Salem. His father and grandfather were officers in the army of the Revolution, as also was Mrs. Putnam's father, Col. Page. Mrs. Quint is a great-grandniece of Gen. Israel Putnam, and also of Gen. Rufus Putnam, of the Revolution. Their children have been: (1) George Putnam, who died young; (2) Clara Gads- den, named for her mother's sister, wife of William S. Gadsden, of Charleston, S. C. ; (3) Wilder Dwight, now a student in Phillips' Exeter Academy ; (4) Katherine Mordantt, named from her father's grand- mother, and an early ancestor; (5) John Hastings. GEORGE BURLET SPALDING, D.D.i George Burley Spalding, the present pastor of the First Church in Dover, was born in Montpelier, Vt., Aug. 11, 1835, son of Dr. James and Eliza (Reed) Spalding. The line of American descent on the pa- ternal side was as follows: Edward, of Chelmsford, Mass., immigrant; Benjamin, whose will was proved April 5, 1670; Edward, of Canterbury, Conn.; Eph- raim, of Connecticut ; Reuben, of Connecticut; Reu- ben, who married Jerusha Carpenter, and lived in Sharon, Vt. ; Dr. James, and Rev. George Burley. Deacon Reuben Spalding, grandfather of the sub- ject of this sketch, was one of the early settlers of Vermont, whose life was not more remarkable for his toils, privations, and energy as a pioneer in a new country than for his unbending Christian integrity. He entered Sharon in 1769, and lived on the same farm eighty years. He was a member of the churcli sixty-one years, and deacon forty-two years. He was distinguished for " the best qualities of the old New England Puritanism." 1 By Bev. A. H. Quint, D.D. Dr. James Spalding was the third of twelve chil- dren, and for many years a successful practitioner of medicine in Montpelier, Vt., but especially eminent in surgery. He graduated at the Dartmouth Medical School at the age of twenty years. He was more than forty years a member of the Vermont Medical Society, its secretary over twenty years, its president in 1866-68. " His life," says a printed sketch, " was that of the Good Samaritan, — a life of toil, prayer, and sympathy for others." By the line of Reed, the family is of the same blood with Rev. Dr. Gardiner Spring and Rev. Dr. Edwards A. Park. The grandmother of Dr. George B. Spalding, and the grandfather of the late Senator Matthew H. Carpenter, were sister and brother. George Burley Spalding was the seventh of nine children. He fitted for college at the Washington County Academy, Montpelier, and graduated at the University of Vermont in 1856, being twenty-one years of age. He read law one year in Montpelier, with Hon. Charles W. Willard, and then went to Tallahassee, Fla., where he read law another year with Judge W. C. M. Davis. While in the South he was a regular correspondent of the New York Courier and Enquirer, of which his brother, James Reed Spalding, was one of the editors. As such he at- tended the noted Southern commercial convention in Savannah, in 1858, where Yancey, Rhett, Barnwell, and DeBow poured out their hot invective. In the following year he mingled with the great Southern leaders on the eve of the great events which were soon to burst upon the country. Doubtless in his law study and in his intercourse with men in different phases of society he acquired that practical acquaint- ance with human nature which makes available his instinctive and common-sense power of meeting all classes of men. Flattering offers were made him by Judge Davis to remain and enter into practice with that eminent lawyer at a large assured income. But Mr. Spalding had already changed his purpose for life. He re- turned North, abandoned the law, and began the study of theology in the Union Theological Seminary in New York City in 1858. Here he remained two years. Here, also, he did regular editorial work on the New York World, of which his brother was founder, and subsequently wrote for the columns of the Neio York Times. This experience enabled him later to write for five years a large portion of the editorial leaders of the Watchman and Reflector. While in Union Semi- nary, his spirit of independence and industry was so strong that he supported himself entirely by his literary work. Leaving New York, he entered Ando- ver Theological Seminary, where, after one year's study, he graduated in 1861. On the 5th of October of that year he was ordained pastor of the Congrega- tional Church in Vergennes, Vt., a position to which he had, in fact, been called before his graduation, as well as to another field. He resigned his successful 884 HISTORY OF STEAFPORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. pastorate at Vergennes, Aug. 1, 1864, to accept a call to the Park Church, Hartford, Conn., formerly Dr. Bushnell's, where he was installed September 28th. He resigned that charge and was dismissed March 23, 1869, and was installed pastor of the First Church in Dover, September 1st following. This church is the second in point of age in this State, being organized in December, 1638, and pre- ceded by Hampton only. The old Exeter First Church itself later became extinct in 1642, and the First Church of Exeter dates from 1698 only. The Dover First Pariah dates from October, 1633, and is unquestionably the oldest in New Hampshire. A long line of able men has been on the roll of the pastors of that venerable church. Under none has it been so strong and so influential as under Dr. Spald- ing. Its numbers have largely increased ; its pews are at a constant premium; its pew-occupants number men of the highest distinction in the State. Three years since the whole of the handsome church edifice was refitted at an expense of over twelve thousand dollars, besides the amount necessary to purchase the pew property, and no debt remains. An elegant and commodious parsonage has also been purchased and paid for. Without disparagement to others, it is safe to say that public opinion accords to Mr. Spalding a foremost place among the ministers of New Hamp- shire. Certainly no pastor of the ancient First Church ever had a greater public respect or a deeper personal affection. His administration of a strong and think- ing society goes on without even a ripple. He has been frequently called to attend distant councils, some of great and even national interest, and some where delicate questions required the wisest consider- ation ; and in all cases his calm and deliberate judg- ment has had an influence inferior to none. One of these was the great Brooklyn Council, of national interest,, in 1876. In his preaching, one has to study him to get the secret of his influence. There is nothing in it to startle. There is no dramatic exhibition. It is the farthest possible from the sensational. There are never any protruding logical bones. He never in- dulges in any prettinesses of diction. But a critical analysis (the last thing one thinks of in listening to him) reveals the elements of his power. His themes are always elevated themes. One sees the most earnest convictions held in perfect independence and honesty; a natural development of thought in an always fresh and orderly way ; a diction as clear as a pellucid brook ; illustrations drawn from wide obser- vation, always simple, and frequently beautiful ; a genial, sometimes intense, glow pervading his whole discourse; and a dignified but simple manliness throughoiit. Fully six feet in height, and with lib- erally developed physique, he impresses one at first mainly with the idea of manly strength. But it takes no great lime to see that commanding intellectual abilities are fully parallel with his physique; and those who hear him, and especially those who know him, find an equal development of a generous nature which inclines always to sympathy, and with which he answers, in public and private, to every appeal to his helpful power. In doctrine he is understood to hold the main tenets of what is called old theology, but as forces rather than dogmas, and liberally instead of severely applied. Mr. Spalding's literary work has been extensive, but mainly upon current newspaper periodicals. This has given him, of course, a valuable directness and clear- ness of expression. A few sermons and other pro- ductions have been published: a sermon on God's Presence and Purpose in the War, Nov. 26, 1863 ; a discourse commemorative of Gen. Samuel P. Strong, Feb. 28, 1864 ; a discourse on the two hundred .and fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of Dover, May 18, 1873; a discourse commemorative of the character and career of Hon. John P. Hale, Nov. 27, 1873, which the poet Whittier characterized in the highest terms, — a fine specimen of judicious analysis, in which he does justice to the pioneer of the anti-slavery cause in the United States Senate, a justice now lately ap- parently purposely ignored out of a desire to magnify a brilliant but later laborer ; the Eelation of the Church to Children, Nov. 6, 1873 ; the Dover Pulpit in the Revolution, July 9, 1876, for which he searched and well used the manuscript of his eminent prede- cessor. Dr. Jeremy Belknap ; the fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the Conference of Churches of Strafford County, June 18, 1878; the Idea and Neces- sity of Normal-School Training, Dec. 26, 1878; An- nual Report of the Trustees of the State Normal School, June, 1879 ; Memorial on the Death of Gar- field, September, 1881 ; historical discourse on the one hundredth anniversary of the Piscataqua Association, Oct. 26, 1881 ; on the death of Wells Waldron, Nov. 13, 1881 ; on the death of John Riley Varney, May 5, 1882. In addition, however, to his other work he has been, and is, the editor of the New Hampshire Journal, a successful weekly in the interest of the Congregational Churches, from which some of his keen editorials have met with favor throughout the country. Mr. Spalding was a member of the Constitutional Convention of New Hampshire which met Jan. 8, 1877. He represented Dover in the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1877. He is also a trus- tee of the State normal school, by appoiiltment of the Governor and Council, his first appointment, for two years, being made in 1876, and his chairmanship of that board commencing soon after and now continu- ing. He became a member of the school committee of Dover in 1875, and still continues, having been its chairman from 1876. He was chosen trustee and one of the Executive Committee of the New Hampshire Missionary Society in 1873, and still retains each po- sition. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Dartmouth College in 1878. i^yn^-'^^C^^^ ^^^"^ 2%^^ Q. £Lff^^ DOVER. 885 Dr. Spalding married Sarah Livingston, daughter of Rev. Dr. John W. Olmstead, manager and editor of the Watchman and Reflector ; her mother, Mary, was daughter of Richard Montgomery Livingston, a lawyer of Saratoga, N. Y. Their children are Mary Livingston, Martha Reed, Catharine Olmstead (who died Aug. 29, 1881, aged fourteen), Gertrude Parker, and George Brown. HENRY RUST PARKER, M.D. The subject of this sketch is of English ancestry, and traces his lineage in this country to William Parker, who emigrated from England in the year 1703 and settled in Portsmouth, N. H. From that time onward members of the Parker family have occupied prominent positions in the councils of the county and State. The Hon. William Parker, eldest son of the above, was born in Portsmouth in 1703. He was admitted to the bar in 1732, and subsequently held various offices of trust and responsibility. He was clerk of the commissioners who settled the boundary line be- tween New Hampshire and Massachusetts in 1737; was register of probate, judge of admiralty, and for many years the only notary public in the province. He was also judge of the Superior Court. He died April 29, 1781. Of his family, two sons were dis- tinguished citizens of Rockingham County ; one, the Hon. William Parker, of Exeter, was for many years judge of the Court of Common Pleas and register of probate, and his brother John was high sheriff of the county, and the first copy of the Declaration of In- dependence ever received in New Hampshire was read by him from the balcony of the court-house in Portsmouth. He \/as subsequently marshal of the district of New Hampshire. The third son of Hon. William Parker, of Portsmouth, was Samuel, who in 1804 was consecrated a bishop in the Episcopal Church. Matthew Stanley, the youngest son of Wil- liam above mentioned, married Anna Rust, daughter of Col. Rust, of Portsmouth, and settled in Wolfbor- ough. Of his children, Henry Rust, the youngest, was the father of John Toppan Parker, father of the subject of this sketch. John Toppan was born in Wolfborough, 1804, and married Sally L. Seavey, a native of Wolfborough. They both died the same year, 1849. Henry Rust Parker, M.D., son of John Toppan and Salley Seavey, was born in Wolfborough, Jan. 24, 1836. At the age of twelve years he was left an orphan and penniless. He learned the business of making shoes, and continued in it until he had ac- quired sufficient means to commence a course of education, when he entered the academy in his na- tive town, and subsequently became a tutor in this well-known institution. He was teacher of mathe- matics and English language, and later at Farming- ton, where he remained eight years. He pursued the study of his chosen profession with Dr. Luther Pattee, of Wolfborough, now of Manchester, subse- quently attending medical courses at Dartmouth, where he graduated in 1865. Dr. Parker commenced practice in his native town in 1865, at once took a prominent position in the pro- fession, and soon became the acknowledged leading physician in Carroll County, his practice also extend- ing largely into Strafford County. He remained here until 1881, when he removed to Dover, and his pres- ent large and lucrative practice is sufficient evidence of his worth as a physician and a citizen. He is stu- dious, energetic, and active, ever keeping abreast with the rapid strides in medical science. May 16, 1866, Dr. Parker united in marriage with Ella M., daughter of Moses Thompson, Esq., of Wolfborough, and their family consists of three chil- dren, viz. : Nathalie Sally, born July 9, 1869 ; Alberta Thompson, born Oct. 7, 1870; and Henry Rust, born July 19, 1875. JOSEPH D. GUPPEY. Information concerning the early ancestors of New England farming families is chiefly gathered from con- temporary writings and family tradition. But the Guppeys, of a date anterior to the Revolution, were too bold and energetic in character, and found the struggle for life too severe to afford much inclination or time for the keeping of diaries. Indeed, it is more than probable that the ancient men of this name so rejoiced in their vigor and brawn, and experienced such an intense delight in the twofold occupation of husbandmen and fishermen, that the mere sight of pen and ink was distasteful. Therefore little can be said of those who died before the breakingout of hos- tilities between the colonies and mother-country, ex- cept that the girls grew up healthy, intelligent, and deft in all housewife duties, while the swarthy, big- limbed boys lost little time in acquiring man's stature and capacity for toil. Such ancestors could leave no material wealth, but they did bequeath a priceless store of nerve-power and strength of purpose. The pioneer Guppey was an Englishman who came to this country not because of civil or religious perse- cutions at home, but for the simple reason that new lands and a simple form of government offered at- tractions to his adventurous spirit. His descendant, Capt. James Guppey, was born in Beverly, Mass., and from boyhood evinced a strong liking for the sea. In the course of time he commanded ships sailing out of Salem and Portsmouth, and for a number of years prior to the breaking out of the Revolution did a large business in the West India and South American trade. When it became certain that hostilities would continue for a long time, Capt. Guppey embarked in privateering. He met with varying success until he 886 HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE. was taken prisoner and confined in the old "Jersey" prison-ship. There he endured such hardships and cruelties as would have sufl[iced to break the strength and will of a less vigorous man. For twenty -seven months he saw the dead taken out e«eri/ morning, and the deaths occurred, among men exceptionally strong and vigorous, from starvation and every nameable indignity to which men could be subjected. Upon his release and return the government sent him to the friendly French fleet on our coast as a competent and trustworthy pilot, and while at Portsmouth he was the confidential business adviser of Marquis De Vandreuil. When peace was declared he settled on a farm in Dover, which he purchased in 1770, the same now in possession of the family. He died March 7, 1826, aged ninety-three years and six months. John Guppey, son of James, was a suc- cessful farmer and lumberman, dying at Dover, April 3, 1855, aged eighty -seven years. John had five sons ; two died in early life. The oldest living is Judge Joshua J. Guppey, of Portage City, Wis. He was graduated at Dartmouth, 18i3, and was breveted brig- adier-general in the late war. The youngest living, Jeremy B., is a quiet and intelligent farmer in Dover. Joseph Dame Guppey, whose portrait appears here- with, was born in Dover, Feb. 11, 1823. He received a good common-school education, supplemented by a special academic course in mathematics. He inherits the family physique, and is a sound practical man, always ready to give a strong, common-sense opinion upon any subject to which his attention has been called. In early life he succeeded as a school-teacher, and his fellow-citizens have repeatedly shown their confidence in his integrity and ability by placing him in positions of trust and responsibility. Auditor, moderator, school-committeeman, county commis- sioner, member of the Constitutional Convention, and mayor in 1879-80, he retired from each office with credit and honor. It may be briefly added that ex-Mayor Guppey is a good type of that useful class of citizens, nowhere found in greater strength than in New England, which always furnishes a safe adviser in critical times or in an emergency or difficulty of any kind. SUPPLEMENT. The following items were received too late for in- sertion in the body of the work : DEERFIELD. John C. Brown and George J. French were elected representatives from this town, March, 1877. 1878, Joseph H. Veasey and Samuel Woodman, under the old Constitution, were elected — two every year — in March. The next under the new Constitution, Sam- uel C. Danforth was elected. The Congregationalist Church has been supplied by Rev. Lyman White, September, 1882; the Free- will Baptist by Edwin Blake, Orin Pitts, and Nathan Lathrop, who i.s the present pastor. Rev. H. O. Walker has been pastor of the (Calvary Baptist Church fifteen years. James F. Prescott was elected town clerk in 1868, and has been re-elected every year since, except 1878, when Charles E. P. Hoitt was elected and held the office one year. SOMERSWORTH. The First Free- Will Baptist Cliurch of Great Falls was organized Aug. 18, 1828, and consisted of seventeen members, — four men and thirteen women. As the early records are lost, we. can only give the names of thirteen of the original members. They are as follows : Jacob Davis, Abraham Andrews, John Clark, Ephraim Curtis, Caroline Stanton, Mary Sweet, Hannah Copp, Susan Nason, Mary G. Doe, Hannah Allen, Olive Goodwin, Emeline Watson, and Abigail Pray. The church was organized out-doors, in a grove between Elm and Green Streets, a short distance in the rear of the old carpenter-shop which stood where the Somersworth House now stands, and which was then used as a place of worship by the Calvin Bap- tists. Thus it seems that the organization took place on or very near the place where the house now stands. Jacob Davis and Abraham Andrews were the first deacons. Before erecting their first house of worship they held their meetings in various places ; a short time in one of the factory buildings before the ma- chinery was put in, after that in a house which now stands on a brick basement at the corner of Washing- ton and Court Streets, then in a school-house on Orange Street, and finally in a small frame building erected for the purpose by Jacob Davis, but never finished. It was furnished with temporary seats and a temporary pulpit. The church was supplied by Rev. Nathaniel Thurs- ton, Rev. Carlton Small, and others until the summer of 1831, when Rev. Samuel Robins took the pastoral charge, and continued his labors till the fall of 1832. Some time before the settlement of Mr. Robins, two young ladies, wearied with the uncertainty of irregu- lar supplies, assumed the whole responsibility of hiring a minister for six months, and paid him out of their own pockets, paying fifty-two dollars each. They were Sally W. Paul and Amy Lord. The first house of worship belonging to this church was built on Market Street, at a cost of three thousand five hundred dollars. It was dedicated in September, 1831, Rev. Jonathan Woodman preaching the sermon. In March, 1833, Rev. Arthur Caverno became pastor, and continued till the spring of 1836. He was succeeded by Rev. Jonathan Woodman, who became pastor in the spring of 1835, and con- tinued till the spring of 1838. Near the beginning of his administration, on the 8th of April, 1836, " The First Free- Will Baptist Sunday-School Society'' was organized. Rev. Mr. Woodman was succeeded by Rev. Theodore Stevens, who became pastor in April, 1838, and remained one year. The next pastor was Rev. Silas Curtis, who commenced his labors the last Sabbath in August, 1889, and closed them the last Sabbath in July, 1843. In 1841 the present church edifice was erected at a cost of seven thousand dollars, and was dedicated on the 22d of December, 1842, Thanksgiving day. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. Jonathan Woodman. Mr. Curtis was succeeded by Rev. Horace Webber, who remained two years. His successor was Rev. R. Dunn, who became pastor in the spring of 1845, and continued in that relation until September, 1846. The next pastor was Rev. Nahum Brooks, May 1, 1848, and continued until March, 1853. He was succeeded by Rev. Martin Steer, April 1, 1853. The next pastor was Rev. Daniel P. Cilley, April 15, 1856. He was succeeded by Rev. D. Mott, Oct. 26, 1858. His successor was Rev. A. K. Moulton, April 19, 1860. Rev. J. M. Bailey acted as stated supply after Mr. Moulton resigned. Rev. A. Lovejoy was called to the pastorate July 12, 1865. He was succeeded by Rev. J. Burnham Davis in the spring of 1869. His successor was Rev. 887 890 SUPPLEMENT. Rochester. — Worcester & Gaffney (Joseph Wor- cester and Charles B. Gaffney), Cyrus K. Sanborn, Henry Kimball, Daniel J. Parsons, Charles S. Ela. Somersworth. — William D. Knapp, Copeland & Edgerly (William J. Copeland, James A. Edgerly), Wells & Burleigh (Christopher H. Wells, William R. Burleigh), George E. Beacham, Rufus W. Nason, Harry V. Moore, Joshua Getchell. Dover. — Samuel M. Wheeler, Joshua G. Hall, Thomas J. Smith, Frank Hobbs, Calvin Sanders, Carter & Naaon (Buel C. Carter, William F. Nason), J. Colby Caverly, Charles S. McLane, John Kivel, Woodman & Whittemore (Charles W. Woodman, Arthur G. Whittemore), Robert G. Pike, Henry H. Hart, Thomas M. Pray. Franklin Academy. — This institution was incorpo- rated in 1805, on the petition of William K. Atkinson, Henry Mellen, John Wheeler, Oliver Crosby, Joseph Smith, Nathaniel W. Ela, Edmund Sise, William Hale, Abraham Duncan, Amos Cogswell, William Twombly, Ezra Green, and Samuel Hale. The char- ter was granted "to promote religion, piety, virtue, and morality, and for teaching and instructing youth in the English, Latin, and Greek languages; in writ- ing, music, painting, and the art of speaking ; in geography, logic, geometry, mathematics, and such other branches of science as opportunity may present and the trustees hereinafter to be provided shall order and direct." The trustees named in the charter are William K. Atkinson, John Waldron, Henry Mellen, John Wheeler, Oliver Crosby, Daniel Henderson, and Samuel Hale. Nothing appears to have been done until March 6, 1818, when Daniel Waldron, a descendant of Maj. Richard Walderne, deeded one acre and forty square rods of land to a new set of trustees for the "sum of one hundred and fifty dollars, to me in hand paid by Daniel M. Durell, John Wheeler, William Flagg, Jonathan Locke, Jacob M. Currier, Moses Hodgdon, and Andrew Peirce, Esqrs., trustees of Franklin Academy, in Dover aforesaid, in trust for the sole use and benefit of the said Franklin Academy forever." This lot of land comprised the present yard, and that on the east of it to Central Street. The next move appears in a call issued in the Dover Sun, June 23, 1818, for the first meeting of the trus- tees at Wyatt's Inn (old Dover Hotel), on the follow- ing 20th day of July. At this meeting such action was taken as led to the erection of the present academy building, the money to build which was raised by subscription. It was completed and dedicated on Saturday, Dec. 5, 1818. The first term commenced on the following Monday, December 7th, under the instruction of Mr. Andrew Thayer, with such assist- ants as were needed. John McDuffee, Esq., of Roch- ester ; Hon. Thomas E. Sawyer, of Dover ; and Hon. Richard Kimball, of Dover, were among the pupils who joined the school on the first day and remained in it till they graduated. The classical studies have been kept up from the start, and many have been fitted for college here. The academy numbers among its graduates a long list of distinguished names of New Hampshire men. The principals of the academy have been as follows : After Mr. Thayer, John K. Young, D.D. ; Hon. John Aiken; Israel W. Bourne, 1827-29; Thomas Hardy, A.M"., 1829-31 ; E. Tenney, 1831-32; Nath. S. Dodge, 1833-34; Charles Jackson, D.D., 1834^35; Newton E. Marble, D.D., 1836-39 ; Burton O. Marble, 1840-43 ; John E. Varney, A.M., 1843-45; Alfred W. Pek, 1850-52; Appleton H. Fitch, 1855-56; Thomas A. Henderson, A.M., 1857-60, afterwards colonel of the Seventh New Hampshire Regiment, war of 1861, killed in service; John W. Allard, Ph.D., 1861-63; Charles Jewett, A.B., 1864-65 ; Samuel S. Caswell, 1866-67 ; Orrin Cobb, A.B., 1867; .John F. Clark, A.B., 1868; John Scales, A.M., 1869 to the present date; and during that time Mrs. Ellen T. Scales has been assist- ant, with one or two others, as the school demanded. The largest number of students that have attended any one term was under the present teacher, which number is ninety. The trustees at the present time are Dr. Nathaniel Leon, Dr. Charles A. Tufts, Hon. Jeremiah Smith, and Hon. Joshua G. Hall. The institution has a fund of five thousand dollars. The bell that is on the building was made in London in 1770, and was used for a ship-bell on board an English ship of war, from one of which ships it was captured in the war of 1812 and brought into Portsmouth, whence it was brought to Dover and placed in the belfry of the building in 1818, and is there at the present time.