COMSTOCK MEMORIAL LIBRARY LNTOMOLOGY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE COMSTOCK ENDOWMENT FUND, THE GIFT OF JOHN HENRY COMSTOCK AND THE STUDENT MEMORIAL FUND, GIFT OF STUDENTS IN ENTOMOLOGY Date Due 1 Library Bureau Cat. No, 1137 1 INI II 11 3 1924 01E lllllllllllll 306 062 L, A CONSPECTUS BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. &C. &C. «iC. In a forward state of preparation, A SERIES OF POCKET VOLUMES, UNIFORM WITH THE CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, OM ALL THE OTHER PARTS OF l&viiiif) natural Wators, Botany (with an Alphabet). Birds (with an Alphabet). Two-winged Flies, from Meigen and Fallen, Bees, Wasps, Ants, &c., from Jyrine, Latrcille, and Graven- horst. Beetles, from De Jean, &c. Lace.winged Flies. Shells and SheU-flsh (with an Alphabet). Minerals (with an Alphabet). Fossil Remains (with an Al- phabet). Fishes (yvith an Alphabet). Reptiles (with an Alpliabet). Mammalian Quadrupeds (with an Alphabet). Spiders and Mites (with an Al. phabet). Stars and Constellations (with an Alphabet). Just published, price 2s. ALPHABET OF INSECTS, FOR TUB USB OF BBOINNERS. WITH NirilBROlrS WOOD-CCW. BY JAMES RENNIE, M.A. A CONSPECTUS OF TUB BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS FOUND IN BRITAIN. BY JAMES JENNIE, M.A. Pffijeuor qf Zoology, King'g College, London; Author qf " tiuect ArchUeelure," *c. The Queen Buttorfly in it* various sihkm LONDON : WILLIAM ORR, 14, PATERNOSTER ROW, MDCCCXIQCII. CJ-V'-'T; (J PLAN OF THE WORK. Till the task is performed by siime person more competent than I can have any pretensions to be, this little volume is intended to assist those who study insects philosophically, in ascertaining the species of our native butterflies and moths; while it may be useful also to those employed in the subordinate pursuits of making collections either for profit, or as innocent and pretty toys. In order to render the descriptions plain, I have avoided as much as possible the use of terms not intel- ligible to a general reader, deeming it an outrage upon common sense, to invite a student to a museum filled with the most beautiful productions of Creative Wisdom, and at the same time taking some pains to fill the rooms with smoke before he is introduced, with set purpose to blind him and cause him to stumble. Though this may appear preposterous enough, it has long been the pre- vailing fashion, particularly in Natural History, which wa-s in consequence for many years rendered unpopu- lar, and has been thrown immeasurably behind in tlie ^' • PLAN OF THE WORK. rapid progress recently made in other branches of know- ledge, naturalists having obviously acquired an artifi- cial taste for the smoke. The chief glory of our modern naturalists appears to be the discovery of species, which, to use their cant phrases, may be " new to science," or " an addition to the British Fmina,"— the term Fazma I)eing generally and most inaccurately applied to fishes, shells, and other productions, of a certainty not under the dominion of the goddess of the woods and fields ; no more than mushrooms and sea-weeds, which have no flower, are under the dominion of Flora. The term Kingdom, in the phrase animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdom, together with Tribes, Families, and the like, is founded on quaint and inaccurate fancies of the same kind, which would not be tolerated in any other branch of science or literature. In describing species, either well known or " new to our Fauna;' or " our Flora," the current style, mis- named scientific, may be fairly characterised as a uniform tissue of pedantic barbarisms, devised, it would appear, not for the diffusion, but the conceal- ment of knowledge. If the descriptions aflect to be in English, the language employed is most assuredly not English. Thus we have "Jlavous" and '' luteom" for " yellow," " griseous " for grey, "fuscous " for " dusky ;" while similar words are not only compounded with Latin derivatives, as " Ochraceotts-fuscous," meaning, I con- jecture, " dusky-buff," but with plain English, sucli as PLAN or THE WORK. Vll " castaceotis-red" " hoary-griseotis" " griseous-rosi/," " rusty-testaceous" and numerous ollicrs, equally offen- sive to good sense and correct taste. We meet also with such phrases as " a veri/ obsolete spot," " a ciner- ascent striga totally obliterated" tlie meaning of which I do not pretend to be able to decypher, as my eyes are not acute enough to perceive what is "obsolete" or " totally obliterated," much less to see its colour. If I had room I could exemplify this in many other things than colour — such as " strigated " for " streaked ;" besides the use of Latin words innumerable, without alteration, where English words would be more expres- sive. But with all this affectation of mongrel Latin so bar- barously mixed up with English, the writers seem to have but a very scanty knowledge of Latin itself; for when the descriptions pretend to be in Latin, all grammar is set at defiance, and it is no more Latin than the other is English, it being no very uncommon occurrence to meet with such phrases as " ad stigmatibus fiavis," " litur& interjccto" '■'puncto ocellaris," " stigma anticA," " stigmata sita ;" and similar ungrammatical language, such as would not even have been blundered upon by a schoolboy. Science can never be benefitted by terms and lan- guage of this sort, while it is out of all question thereby degraded and confined to a narrow circle, beyond which it can only be extended by simple terms and plain Ian- VUl PLAN OF THE WORK. guage, such as are used in other departments of human knowledge. In consequence of the materials which I was obliged to use, I have not succeeded altogether according to my wishes, in simplifying the following descriptions; hut I trust there are so few of the stumbling blocks left, that the student may easily surmount them. The groundwork of the description of British but- terflies and moths was first laid by Mr. Haworth, who has certainly not been surpassed in minute accuracy by any of his followers, most of whom have borrowed largely from him without acknowledgment. I owe him my best thanks for the loan of the third part of his valuable work, (now out of print, and very scarce,) which he most liberally granted through the medium of my friend Mr. Loudon, the distinguished author of what I always call the miraculous " Encyclopoedia of Plants." The materials taken from this part are uniformly marked by inverted commas; but I deem it due to the author to state, that even where these marks do not occur, by far the larger portion of this little volume is a free translation from his Latin. Next to Mr. Haworth, I have been indebted to the works of Mr. Stephens, more particularly his " Syste- matic Catalogue," the names and order of which I have, with a few exceptions, implicitly followed ; and I cannot too strongly recommend every person engaged in the study of British insects to procure a copy of this PLAN OF THE WOKK. very useful book. I have ventmed to give names dif- ferent from his, to the greater divisions of the Moths, not that mine are unobjectionable, though they do not, I hope, involve the Hibernian discrepancy of including day-flying species under a night-flying division, as M. Latreille's certainly do,— one of the beauties, I suppose of what is falsely called the natural system. The work of Mr. Curtis is also highly valuable, from the accuracy of the engravings and the novelty of the subjects, of which I have taken occasional advantage as I proceeded. In all cases when I either possessed specimens, or had access to them, I have not failed to compare the descriptions of authors with the insect itself, in order to arrive at as much accuracy as possible ; and though I am far from thinking that I have fallen into no errors, 1 trust such as may be discovered will be found trivial in comparison with the utility at which I have aimed. I shall take it very kindly if lists of any such errors, or information connected with the subject of this, or my other projected volumes, be sent to me, free of expense, to the publisher's. In pursuance of my plan of publishing cheap and comprehensive pocket volumes like the present, I am already considerably advanced with the " Conspectus of Botany," that of " Birds," and that of " Two-winged '' PLAN OP THE WORK. Flies," which will he accompanied with « Alphabets for Beginners," unifonn with the " Alphabet of In- sects." I have also for many years been collecting from ob- servations in the fields, as well as from reading, llie most interesting facts connected with die manners and eco- nomy of our native animals; and relative to those described in this little Work, I liave already materials for a small volume, which I intend to arrange for pub- lication under the title of " Biography of British But- terflies and Moths." JAMES RENNIE. Lee, Kent, XOth June, 1832. SYSTEMATIC TABLE BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. LEPIDOPTERA (Linn/eus). Insects with four membranaceous ribbed or veiny wings clothed on both sides with minute scales, hke meal or Sowder, placed like slates or tiles, and easily rubbed off, lotUh, witli a spiral hollow sucker {liaustellum) placed between two ■palpi clothed with hairs or scales ; the body hairy ; the corselet with a tippet Qegula) on each side ; foot (tarsus) with five joints ; the antenna with a great number of joints. Divided into I. Butterflies; ii. Moths. I. BUTTERFLIES (Papiliones, Scheiffermullbb). Antenn. 2. Lyc«na, with the clubbed tips of the antenniu not flat, and the eyes naked . , ,„ 3. PoLYOMMATus, with the clubbed tips of the antenna; flatlish . . HESPERIDJE (Swainson). Antennie, with the clubbed tip spindle-shaped in most instances, with a hook at the point ; legs long ; hinder shanks with two pairs of spurs, one pair in the middle and one at the point ; claws very small ; under wings with a groove to receive the abdomen . . 20 Divided into 1. Thymele, with the clubbed tip of the antenna curved inwards . . , „„ 2. Pamphila, with the clubbed tip of the antennae" straight or very slightly curved . . . -20 OP MOTHS. X7 MOTHS (Phalen^, Ray). Divided iiUo ''*'"' I. SPHINGINA (Rennie). Anteimte tapering into a club, in form ofa prism or of a spindle, sometimes pectinated or serrated, and often with a tuft of liair or scales at the lip; wings horizontal, in many transparent, with few or no scales on the disc, the first pair much the longest; tail sometimes in form of a brush . . -22 Divided into 1. ZtOJitiiDK ; 2. Sphinoid* ; 3. SESiiD/t ; 4. .S^oc- II. BOMBYCINA (Rennie). Antenna: more or less fringed or serrated, particularly in the males ; palpi round and short ; jaws and tongue very short (in some wanting), and not spiral ; wings undivided and with three corners ; body large ; tail frequently woolly Divided iiito 1. HEriALins; 2. Notodontid/e ; 3. Bombvcid/e; 4. AllCTIID/E. III. NOCTUINA (Rennie). Antenna: in the males fringed, and in a few pectinated or serrated ; palpi flattisli with the second joint large, and the tip short ; jaws in most long and never wanting ; wings undivided, somewhat three cornered, in most deflected or incumbent, in some horizontal ; corselet frequently with a crest ; tail in the males tufted . . . . Divided ittto 1. Liihosiid;e ; 2. Noctuid^v.. IV. GEOMETRINA (Rennie). .4n(eHii 2. Sesia, with the wings naked and their disc trans- arent. . . . . . 27 JEGERIIDM (Stephens). Divided into 1. Trochilium, with the jaws very short, and the an- ennn; shortish . . • -27 2. /I'.GEitiA, with the jaws and antennie longish . 27 BOMBYCINA (Rennie.) Divided into 1. PIepiamd/f, with the Jau's wanting, and l\\e antenna n form of a necklace, or bristle-shaped . - 29 2. BoMBvcrD*, with the jaws wanting, and the antenna or the most part doubly pectincate . . 36 3. NoTOuONTiD*;, with jaws more or less obvious but ery short . . . .30 4. AncTiiD/E, with tliejauis more or less obvious, short, nd somewhat membranaceous, . . .39 HEPIALIDJE (Stephens). Divided into 1. HEprAHis, with the antennie somewhat thread-like ind much shorter than the corselet . . 26 6 Xviii SYSTEMATIC TABLE 2. Cossiis, with the antennse bristle-shaped, as long as the corselet, with the tij) indented on the inside 3. Zeuzeha, with the anlennce bristle-shaped, as long as the corselet, with the tip not indented NOTODONTIDjE (Stephens). Divuled into, 1. PvGJEnA, with the corselet crested, the wings denti- culated . . • • . • 2. Clostera, with the corselet crested ; the wings entire ; the antennie short and curved . . • 3. Episema, witli the corselet crested; the wings entire ; the aniennic somewhat longish and straight 4. CiinuHA, with the corselet not crested ; the wings longish and somewhat translucent . . • 5. Petasia, with the corselet not crested; the wings longish, opaque, with the scales not elevated 6. Stauropus, with the corselet not crested; the wings longish, opaque, with the scales elevated 7. Endkomis, with the corselet not crested ; the wings short, broad, and somewhat triangular 8. Ptilopuoka, with the wings hairy, and entire at the tip . . • ■ u • ; 9. Pehidea, with the wings scaly, entire at the tip and somewhat translucent . . • • 10. CiiAONiA, with the wings scaly, entire at the tip and opaque . . • " , 'i • ' 11. NoTODONTA, with the corselet not crested ; the tip of the wings more or less denticulated, having one indenta- tion on the back, first pair slightly long with the tip blunt . . . ,• L ■ : 12. Leiocampa, with the corselet not crested ; the tip ot the wings more or less denticulated, and having one indentation on the back, first pair longish with the tip rather acute . . . • • 13. LopHOPTEnvx, with the corselet crested; the tip ot the wings more or less denticulated, and having one in- dentation on the back . ■ • ■ 14. Pi.EciosTO MA, with the tip of the wings more or less denticulated, having two indentations on the back OF MOTHS. BOMBVCYDJE (Stephens). Divided into 1. Aglaia, with the second pair of wings entire, — all th eyed spots ; each joint of the antenna; being singly nched or toothed .... I. Saturnia, with the second pair of wings entire, — with eyed spots ; each jointof the antennae being doubly nched or toothed . . . . i. PiEciLocAMPA, with the second pair of wings entire, ill without eyed spots ; the first pair somewhat trans! u- it, and longish with no central spot I. Ekiooasteii, with the second pair of wings entire, — ithout eyed spots; the first pair somewhat translucent, I longish, with a central white spot ), Lasiocamta, with the second pair of wings entire, — without eyed spots; opaque and somewhat shortish, tcriorly rounded ; the tail slightly hairy )■ TmciiiunA, with the second pair of wings entire, — without eyed spots; opaque and somewhat shortish, teriorly rounded; the tail very hairy; the antcnuie light . . . . . . J. Cnethocampa, with the second pair of wings entire, ill without eyed spots, opaque and somewhat shortish, ttriorly rounded ; the tail very hairy ; the antennte lewhat curved .... !. Ci.isiocAMPA, with the second pair of wings entire, — without eyed spots; opaque, somewhat shortish, puste- :ly somewhat abrupt and rather acute I. EuTHiciiA, with the second pair of wings more or less iticulaled ; the palpi rather short 0. Odonestis, with the second pair of wings more or denticulated ; the palpi longish ; the first pair of wings fc . . . . . . 1. Gastbopacha, with the second pair of wings more less denticulated ; the palpi longish ; the first pair of igs indented .... 62 SYSTEMATIC TABLE ARCTIIDJE (Leach). Divided into 1. FuMEA, with the jaws indistinct; the wings not ;| scaly, more or less translucent, rounded and very hairy . n 2. Psyche, with the jaws indistinct; the wings not scaly, more or less translucent, longish and rather acute . |c 3. Penthoi'heiia, with the jaws indistinct ; the wings j, more or less translucent, and clothed with minute scattered jj scales. . . . . ■ I 4. Hypogvmna, with the jaws indistinct ; the wings opaque and thickly scaled : the antenna; pectinated or |( fringed ; the fore feel slightly hairy, and rather slender ; |, the first joint of the palpi minute . . . g 5. PsiLiiRA, with the jaws indistinct ; the wings opaque a and thickly scaled ; the antenna! pectinated or fringed ; the fore feet slightly hairy and rather slender; and the first |i joint of the palpi longish and cluhbed . . t 6. Dasychira, with the jaws indistinct; the \vi[i|ji opaque and thickly scaled ; the antenna; pectinatiMl tir t] fringed ; the fore feet very hairy and thick ; and the \virii;s ti longish , . . . ' t 7. OnoYiA, with the jaws indistinct ; the wings opaque and thickly scaled; the antenna; pectinated or fringed ; the I fore feet very hairy and thick ; the wings shortish, trian- t gular, and wanting in the female . . . f 8. HETEncGENA, with thejaws indistinct ; thewingsmore or less opaque and thickly scaled ; the antenna; simple ; 1 the wings triangular and posteriorly somewhat abrupt . k 9. LiMAcoiiFS, with the jaws indistinct ; the wings s opaque and thickly scaled; the antenna; simple; the wings longish and posteriorly rounded. . . 1 10. CoLOCASiA, withthe jaws distinct and slightly longer ! than the head ; the wings opaque and thickly scaled ; the | corselet crested .... 11. AncTiA, with thejaws distinct and slightly longer I than the head ; the wings opaque and thickly scaled ; the corselet not crested ; the body ringed or spotted ; the first joint of the palpi longer than the second, and third joint rather acute .... 12. Spilosoma, with the jaws distinct and slightly nger than the head ; the wings opaque and tliickly afed ; the corselet not crested ; the body ringed or lotted ; the first joint of the palpi longer than the second, id the third joint short and oval 13. EuTiiEMONiA, with the jaws distinct and slightly nger than the head ; the wings opaque and thickly ;aled ; the corselet not crested ; the body ringed or )Otted ; the first joint of the palpi sliorter than the second, ad the third joint cylindrical . 14. Nemeophila, with the jaws distinct and slightly inger than the head ; the wings opaque and thickly :aled ; the corselet not crested ; the body ringed or lotted ; the first joint of the palpi shorter than the second, nd the third globose . ... 15. PoiiTiiEsiA, with the jaws distinct and slightly (nger than the head ; the corselet not crested ; the body ot spotted, but crested at the tip . . . 16. Lklia, with the jaws distinct and slightly longer lan the head ; the wings more or less translucent, and linly clothed with a few scales ; the body not spotted ; be palpi longish and very hairy . 17. Lr.ocoMA, with the jaws distinct and slightly longer ban the head ; the wings more or less translucent, and liinly clothed with a few scales ; the body spotted ; the lalpi shortish and acute 18. PiiBAGMATODiA, with the joiuts distinct and slightly onger than the head ; the wings more or less translu- ent, and thinly clothed with a few scales ; the body potted; the palpi scarcely distinct, and hairy 19. DiAPuoHA, with the jaws distinct and slightly onger than the head ; the wings more or less translucent, ind thinly clothed with a few scales ; the body spotted ; lalpi distinct and scaly 20. Hypkhcampa, with the jaws much longer than the lead ; the wings thickly clothed with scales 21. NuDARiA, with the jaws much longer than the lead; the wings translucent and hairy XXU SYSTEMATIC TABLE NOCTUINA (Rennie.) Divided into 1 1. LiTiiosiiDS, with the ■wij)gs very long;, most fre- quently convoluted ; and the palpi cylindrical 2. NocTuiDx, with the wings slightly longish, not con- voluted; and the pa/;)i somewhat flat LITIIOSIIDjE (Stephens). Divided into 1. EvLEPiA, with the first pair of wings oblonff and somewhat elliptically abmpt ; the palpi three-jointed; the jaws rather longer than the head 2. Deipeia, witli the first pair of wings oblong and somewhat elliptically abrupt, the palpi three-jointed ; the jaws much longer than the head; the second pair of wings somewhat translucent 3. GNornniA, with the first pair of wings oblong and somewhat elliptically abrupt ; the palpi three-jointed ; thejaws much longer than the head ; the second pair of wings opaque . . . . 4. LiTiiosiA, with the first pair of wings oblong and somewhat elliptically abrupt ; the palpi two-jointed 5. Setina, with the first pair of wings somewhat three- cornered and not abrupt ; the palpi three-jointed, and having the third joint much shorter than the second 6. CALLiMOnpHA, with the first pair of wings somewhat three-cornered, not abrupt ; the palpi three-jointed, and having the third joint nearly equal to the second NOCTUIDJE (Stephens). Divided into 1. PvnopiiiLA, with the body more or less flat; the wings incumbent, and the first pair with the hinder margin entire; the corselet not crested ; the palpi recurved 2. AcnoTis, with the body more or less flat ; the first pair of wings with the hinder margin entire, and having three stigmata ; the corselet not crested ; the palpi not recurved . ... 3. Tnini/ENA, with the body more or less flat ; the first air of wings with the himler margin entire, and having ro stigmata; the corselet not crested; the palpi not icurved • • , o u /• I 4. AcTEBiA, with the body more or less flat ; the tirst lir of wings narrow, shining, and green; the corselet imewhat crested ; the palpi not longish, recui-ved, nor eak-shaped • • n ' ^. c ' 5. Xylina, with the body more or less flat ; the first lir of wings narrow, dull, wood-coloured; the corselet imewhal crested ; the palpi not longish, recurved, nor 6. Gl«a, with the body more or less flat ; the first pair f wings somewhat broad ; the corselet woolly, transverse, ad not lohed . ' , a \.' 7. AMPiiiPYnA, with the body more or less flat ; the ings incumbent, the first pair with the hinder margin etched or indented ; the corselet not crested . 8. N*N!A, with the body more or less flat; the wings icumbent, the first pair notched ; the palpi longish and jcurved; the corselet strongly crested 9. Calocampa, with the body more or less flat ; the rst pair of wings notched ; the palpi short ; the corselet omewiiat crested, distinctly square and posteriorly lobed . 10. Scalioptervx, with the body more or less flat ; the 'ings deflexed, the first pair tooth-notched U. Eniopus, with the body more or less flat ; and the rsl pair of wings slightly notched . , • 12. EupLExiA, with the body not flat ; the first pair of fings with the hinder margin slightly notched, folded engihwise during repose ; the second pair entire 13. PiiT.or.opnoiiA, with the body not flat ; the first pair if wings with ragged teeth ; the second pair entire . 14. Pi.csiA, with the body not flat; the first pair of rings acute, and more or less marked with metallic cha- acters ; the corselet crested ; the palpi ascending 15. UvPTEnvGiA, with the body not flat ; the wings ncumbent, the first pair not folded, and having no metallic narks ; tlie corselet with a forked crest 16. Calot^nia, with the body not flat; the wings XXIV SYSTEMATIC TABLE 1 deflexed and banded with green ; the corselet with a forked crest . . . . 17. Trachea, with the body not flat ; the wings broad aod very slightly notched ; the corselet with a forked crest ; the palpi short, projecting forward, with the last joint strongly distinct . . . 18. PoLiA, with the body not flat ; the wings longish and spear-shaped ; the corselet with a forked crest j the palpi short, projecting forwards, with the last joint strongly distinct . . . . . 19. Hama, with the body not flat; the corselet without a forked crest .... 20. Mamestra, with the body not flat ; the palpi with the last joint almost concealed 21. Heliophobus, with the body not flat ; the corselet somewhat crested ; the antennae (in the male) pectinated ; the jaws short .... 22. Chau^as, with the body not flat ; the first pair of wings having the hinder margin somewhat hooked ; the jaws longish ; the palpi ascending 23. Valeria, with the body not flat ; all the wings narrowish, the hinder margin indented, the first pair poste- riorly rounded ; the corselet slightly hooded, with an un- divided crest ; the antenna; in both sexes pectinated 24. Misema, with the body not flat ; all the wings narrowish, the first pair posteriorly rounded ; the antennae simple or slightly serrated 25. Xyloi'hasia, with the body not flat ; the first pair of wings with the hinder margin somewhat abrupt 26. NoNAORiA, with the body not flat ; the first pair of wings with the hinder margin indistinctly notched, and somewhat abrupt ; the corselet with an undivided crest and hooded ..... 27. Chariclea, with the body not flat ; the first pair of wings with the hinder margin indistinctly notched, and somewhat hooked ; the corselet with an undivided crest and hooded ..... 28. Cucui.UA, with the body not flat ; the first pair of wings indented, long, narrow, and acutely spear-shaped ; the corselet with an undivided crest and anteriorly hooded OF MOTHS. X. PA 29. Abhostola, with the body not Hat ; the first pair [■ wings indented and acute ; the corselet with a forked rest ; the palpi longish, somewhat slender and ascend- ig . ■ • . • 30. ArAMHA, with the body not flat ; the first pair of (ings indented and acute ; the corselet with a forked rest; the palpi projecting forward, of moderate length, nd somewhat clubbed 31. Monmo, with the body not flat; all the wings the inder margin rather deeply indented, of uniform colour uddull . .... 32. Catocala, with the body not flat; all the wings iroad, with the hinder margin rather deeply indented, of arious colours, the second pair pretty, with a black loider . . . • • 33. Tethea, with the body more or less thick ; all the ings entire, soiled, with the hinder margin incurved, the Irst pair rather broad, with the hinder margin somewhat looked ..... 34. Xanthia, with the body more or less thick ; all the i»iugs entire, and more or less golden yellow . 35. Mythimna, with the body more or less thick ; all e wings entire, the first pair acute, the fringes of mode- ■ate length . ■ • • 36. Calophasia, with the body more or less thick ; all ;lie wings entire, the first pair somewhat rounded, with the Tinges longish . . • . • 37. Thyatira, with the body more or less thick ; all he wings entire, the first pair broader, with the tip acute ; the palpi projecting forwards and distant ; the corselet with a forked crest posteriorly 38. DipiiTHEitA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair greenish, variegated with black, the second pair dull 39. Cerigo, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire, the first pair duskyish, the second pair yellowish . . . _ . 40. GoRTVNA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire, the first pair narrower, with the tip acute . . . • XXVI SYSTEMATIC TABLE P, 41. Hakena, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire, the first pair narrower, with the tip blunt ; the fringes short . . , . 42. EnuMOBiA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire, the first pair narrower, with the tip blunt, the fringes longish . 43. RusiNA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire, the first pair rather broad, with obscure stigmata ; the corselet somewhat crested 44. GiiArmiMionA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first part rather broad, with tliree ' indistinct stigmata 45. Cahadrina, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair narrow ; the palpi with the last joint almost concealed . . , 46. MiANA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair narrow; the palpi with the last joint very distinct 47. BnYOPiiiLA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair rather broad, blunt, the hinder margin round, pale, variegated with black; the corselet crested, and not scaly 48. Sf.getia, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair rather broad, soiled, fringes short ; the corselet not crested, and scaly . 49. Hf.liothis, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair rather broad, acute, some- what unequally dilated ; the palpi ascending; the corselet not crested, and scaly 50. CvMATOHiioBA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair yellowish, netted with tawny ; the palpi not ascending, projecting forwards, with the last joint acute 51. CosMiA, with the body mo'e or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair reddish, with a darker central band ; the palpi projecting forwards, not ascending, with the last joint acute 52. AcnoNvcTA, with the body more or less thick ; all the wings entire ; the first pair rather broad ; the palpi with the last joint blunt . PAQB o3. Lyt.t.a, with the body more or less thick ; all the lings entire ; the first pair narrow, shining, with cross 54. BoMnvciA, with the body more or less thick ; all ic wings entire ; the first pair narrow, shining, without ross lines ; the palpi with the last joint ovally pointed . 83 55. ScOTOPHiLA, with the body more or less thick ; all 16 wings entire ; the first pair narrow, shining ; the palpi fith the last joint blunt . . .74 56. Crammrsia, with the body more or less thick ; all le wings entire ; the first pair pale, not shining, with cross les . . . . 60 57. Leucania, with the body more or less thick ; all the ngs entire ; the first pair narrow, pale, not shining, and 'ithout cross lines . • . ' ^'^ 58. Cehatopacha, with the body more or less thick ; II the wings entire ; the corselet not crested, woolly, or airy ; the antennae thickening or flat . . 82 59. SiMVBA, with the body short ; the first pair of wings Dngish, narrow, and acute ; the antennas not thickening . 89 60. AcHAiTA, with the body short ; the first pair of lings longish, narrow, and blunt ; the antennae not thick- ning . . • .74 61. ORTiiOiiA, with the body short; the first pair of »iogs longish and narrow ; the palpi very short and hairy, irojecting forward, with the last jomt almost concealed . 57 62. Semiophora, with the body short ; the first pair of »ings longish and narrow ; the palpi very short, very lairy, projecting forward, the last joint almost concealed ; ixserted, and deflexed . . . 57 63. CELff.NA, with the body short; the first pair of wings longish and narrow j the palpi very short, very hairy, B«serted, and not deflexed . • .73 64. Apatela, with the body longish . . 78 65. Bbepha, with the body longish and slender; the »ings entire : the palpi so short as to be scarcely per- ceptible . . . • 100 66. AcosMETiA, with the body longish and slender ; the palpi short, projecting forwards, very slightly ascending, with the last joint exserted . , • 9^ XXVllI SYSTEMATIC TABLE p. 67. Anaiita, with the body longish and slender; the palpi short, with the last joint concealed ; the second pair of wings yellow, with a black border 68. Stilbia, with the body longish and slender; the second part of wings pale, shining, and not ornamented . 69. AcONTiA, with the body longish and slender ; the first pair of wings rhomboidal. somewhat shining, rather dilated at the base, with the hinder margin roundish ; the palpi of moderate length, and ascending 70. EupiiAsiA, with the body longish and slender ; the first pair of wings longest, spear-shaped, shining, some- what dilated at the base, with the hinder margin rounded ; the palpi ascending 71. Euci.iDiA, with the body longish and slender; the first pair of wings rather dilated at the base, with the hinder margin rounded, the tip acute, marked with geometric lines 1( 72. Erastria, with the body longish and slender ; the first pair of wings rather dilated at the base, with the hinder margin rounded, the tip acute, and not marked with lines . 73. Ophiusa, with the body longish ; the first pair of wings not dilated at the base, with the hinder margin repanded, the tip somewhat hooped 74. Phytomktra, with the body longish and slender ; the first pair of wings not dilated at the base; roundish, not repanded ; the legs simple 75. Catephia, with the body longish and slender; the hind feet very hairy, hairs short 76. ScopELorus, with the body longish and slender ; the hind feet very hairy, the hairs longish . GEOMETRINA (Rennie.) Divided into 1. Geomethid*, with two short palpi ; the first pair of wings not hook shaped ; the cateypiilars measurers or loopers . . . .10 2. Platvptericida,, with two short palpi ; the first pair of wings for the most part hook shaped; the cater- pillars not measurers or loopers . . , 14 PAOB 3, PvBALin;?:, with two or four longish and large pa/pi ; the ca(ei7«Hars in a leafy covering . . 145 GEOMETRIDJE (Stephens.) Divided into 1. GEOMKTnA, with all the wings acutely angular; the body somewhat thick . ... 104 2. Macaria, with all the wings acutely angular; the first pair notched . . .143 3. Knnomos, with the first pair of wings deeply notched, and the second pair somewliat angular . . 144 4. OunAPTERvx, with the first pair of wings entire or somewhat angular, the second part acutely angular, yellow, with two streaks . . . . 108 5. CHLonrssA, with the first pair of wings entire, or somewhat angular, the second pair acutely angular, green, with two pale streaks . • . 109 6. Bkadyepetes, with the first pair of wings entire, or somewhat angular, the second pair acutely angular, pale, with a slanting red streak . . . 115 7. TiMANonA, with the first pair of wings somewhat angular, the second pair acutely angular . . 143 8. Camera, with the first pair of wings somewhat, angular, the second pair rounded and somewhat angular green, with pale streaks . . • 108 9. ANiA,with the first pair of wings somewhat angular, the second pair rounded, somewhat angulaf, pale with rufous streaks . . . .144 10. EunvMENE, with the first pair of wings somewhat angular, the second pair rounded, somewhat angular, rusty with darker lines . • • 116 U. EiuONE, with the first pair of wings having two darker streaks, the second pair rounded with toothed erosions . . . .115 12. Pericai,ua, with the first pair of wings variegated ; the antennae in both sexes pectinated . . 107 13. IliMERA, with the first pair of wings somewhat ru- fous, and thin, having two darker streaks, the second pair round and entire . . .104 XSX SYSTEMATIC TABLE 14. CnocALLis, with the first pair of wings yellowish, and having a darker band, the second pair rounded and entire . . . . lOJ 15. Venilia, with the first pair of wings yellowish, spotted with black . . .13! 16. Hemithea, with the first pair of wings entire : the second pair, somewhat angular, green with two pale streaks 10! 17. Epiiyra, with the first pair of wings entire; the second pair, somewhat angular, pale, with a purple streak or ringlet . . .114 18. F.MMF.LESiA, with the first pair of wings entire; the second pair powdery with darker streaks . .13/ 19. 11ai,ia, with the first pair of wings entire; the second pair somewhat angular, powdery, with black letters, but without streaks . . .11! 20. Odontoi'era, with the wings not angular, the first pair with toothed erosions, the second pair somewhat indented . . . .10^ 21. LAMpnoPTP.nYX, with the wings not angular, the first pair slantingly streaked, acute, having the hinder margin slightly rounded, and scarcely denticulated ; the second pair somewhat indented . . 122 22. ScoTOsiA, with the first pair of wings slantingly streaked, acute, and denticulated; the second pair deeply indented . . .127 23. Hemeuophii.a, with the first pair of wings some- what obtuse, the hinder margin rounded and slightly indented . . . .112 24. CAMi'TOonAMjiA, with the first pair of wings streaked or banded across, acute, with numerous orna- mental wavings . . . 120 25. Anticlea, with the first pair of wings streaked or banded across, acute, with an insolid band in the middle 122 26. EucosMiA, with the first pair of wings streaked or banded across, and acute ; the second pair deeply indented 128 27. Tripiiosa, with the first pair of wings streaked or banded across, the hinder margin rounded, slightly acute ; the feet simple . . . .128 28. CiiAnissA, with the wings having a central ring; the first pair streaked or banded across ; the hinder margin oundcd, slightly acute; the shanks of the hinder legs liickened 29. ANOErtONA, with the wings not angular, yellowish (ith dots, and a darker crescent; the first pair entire, the econd pair somewhat deeply denticulated 30. HippAncHus, with all the wings green, having in- istinct pnle stripes 31. Cleora, witli all the wings powdered, having two leap black streaks minutely notched 32. Alcis, with the second pair of wings somewhat enticulated ; the shanks of the hinder legs thickened, nd orteu with small liundle of hair 33. BoAiiMiA, with the second pair of wings somewhat nticulated ; the shanks of the hinder legs slender and imple . . • ■ 34. Larentia, with the first pair of wings having a ^ther straight streaky band in the middle ; the second air with the posterior margin waved . 35. Electua, with the wings yellowish ; the first pair anded and angular 36. Poi.vpiiASiA, with the wings prettily streaked; the rst pair with a wavy insolid band in the middle 37. PniBALApTEnYx, with the first pair of wings having slanting streaked band in the middle 38. EuTHAi.iA, with the first pair of wings without ands, green, with darker streaks . 39. tluMiA, with the first pair of wings not banded, ellow, witli brown waved streaks 40. Mklanippe, with the first pair of wings not banded, 'hite, with an interrupted deep black border 41. Sthknia, with the first pair of wings not banded, lie, netted with brown 42. Ki.LopiA, with the first pair of wings somewhat ifous, having two angular streaks ; second pair with the inder margin indistinctly waved 43. NuMEp.iA, with the first pair of wings somewhat ifous, having a hatchet shaped band ; the second pair itii the hinder margin indistinctly waved • 44. AciDALiA, with the first pair of wing^ pale, with 'oivnish streaks ; the second pair with the hinder margin ilislinclly waved . • XXXU SYSTEMATIC TABLE P 45. Abraxas, with the first pair of wings pale, having deep black spots ; the second pair with the hinder margin indistinctly waved 46. BisTox, with the wings entire, and without an- gles ; the body thick and hairy ; the jaws very short 47. PmCALrA, with the wings entire, not angular; rather broad, or very short j the body thick and hairy j the jaws wanting . . 48. Nyssia, with the wings entire, not angular, narrow, 01 wanting; the body thick and hairy 49. LoBOPiioHA, with the liody slender and scaly; the wings more or less translucent and clear ; the second pair short, with the base dilated or lobed 50. Anisoptebyx, with the body slender or scaly; the wings more or less translucent and clear ; the second pair short, with the base simple ; the antennae fringed 51. Cheimatobia, with the first pair of wings blunt, having the hinder margin rounded, with an insolid band in the middle ..... 52. Oporabia, with the first pair of wings blunt, having brown waved streaks .... 53. HiBERNiA, with the first pair of wings blunt, having the hinder margin somewhat abrupt towards the posterior angle . . 54. Thera, with the first pair of wings acute, with the hinder margin rounded 55. Pachycnemia, with the wings opaque, dull or slightly lucid : the first pair longish and narrow, with the shank of the hinder legs thickened 56. Chksias, with the wings opaque, dull, or slightly lucid ; the first pair longish and narrow ; the shank of the hinder legs slenuer 57. Lozocramma, with the wings opaque, dull, or slightly lucid; the first pair longish, broadish, acute, with a slanting streak at the tip ; the shanks of the hinder legs thickened 58. PiiAsrANE, with the wings opaque, dull, or slightly lucid ; the first pair with two streaks, and an interjacent dusky spot ; the shanks of the hinder legs slender .59, Anaitis, with the first pair of wings having an insolid middle band ; the forehead very prominent GO. CiiLMa, with the first pair of wings having an in- .lid middle band ; the forehead slightly prominent . 124 61. IlAnpALYCE, with the first pan- of wings rather long-, icute, tlie hirider margin somewhat abrupt, with a solid jand in the middle ; the base underneath not crested . 119 62. Stkganolophia, with the first pair of wings rather long, acute ; the hinder margin somewhat abrupt, with a iolid band in the middle ; the base underneath with a long '"'>nfealed crest , , 122 63. Aplocera, with the first pair of wings rather long, iviiig an insolid band in the middle . .136 64. .Sim:ranza, with the first pair of wings rather long, ivilli no bands, yellow or rusty . . ". ]0l 65. liupALi's, with the wings erect ; the first pair not janded ; the legs short . . .102 66. SioNA, with the wings spotless ; the first pair not landed ; the legs very long 67. MyisiA, with the first pair of wings pale, and having TO black cross streaks . . _ 102 68. Aspir-ATEs, with the first pair of wings yellow, laving two slanting buff-coloured streaks . .116 69. EupiTimciA, the first pair of wings longish, blunt] lie posterior margin rounded ; the second pair short . 132 70. PrvcuopoDA, with the first pair of wings streaked cross, the border waved ; the second pair not short • the under legs bearded or thick . ' . 140 71. PuciLOpnAsiA, with the first pair of wings not Ireaked ; the margin black . . 142 72. IIvniA, with the first pair of wings not streaked : ne liind feet simple '3. MiNOA, with all the wings rounded, of one colour. lack or brick red 74. Ci.KooENE, with all the wings rounded, of one oiour, while or yellow . . _ j3g 75. I'.soDos, with all the wings rounded; black, witli eeper streaks or tawny bands , . ]01 77. I'lLi.oNiA, with all the wings rounded : yellowish' I'll purple streaks . . ]]g 78. Cabera, with all the wings rounded ; white, with 'Sky cross streaks . II3 d 139 136 Xxxiv SYSTEMATIC TABLE 79. Xerene, with all the wings rounded ; white, with an interrupted black border 80. Bafta, with all the wings rounded ; snow white, with very indistinct dusky streaks 81. ViDONiA, with all the wings rounded, powdery, and with dusky uniting streaks ; tlie antenna; much pectinated. 82. Cidaria, with the first pair of wings, with a some- what solid band in the middle 83. Emmelesia, with the first pair of wings having nu- merous waved streaks PLATYPTERICJDJE (Stephens). The body slender ; the antennx of the male for the most part pectinated ; two palipi short, awl-shaped, curved towards the tip; the caterpillar lizard-shaped, behind tapering, without any clinging feet. Divided into 1. PtATYPTEnYX 2. Dbepana . . . . 1 3. L'lT.ix PYRALIDJE (Leacu). The body always slender ; the antenna of the male bristle-shaped, and rarely pectinated. Divided into, 1. HVPENA 2. PoLVPOOON 3. Madopa 4. Ceedeoria 5. ACLOSSA 6. Pyiiaus 7. Agrotera 8. SlMACTIIIS 9. ENNYCHrA . 10. PvHAUSTA 11. IIVDROCAMPA 12. DiAPIIANIA 13. lioTVS 14. Makoabitia 15., SCOPULA 16. NOLA 17. Asopi* 18. Nympiiula ISI 151 154 154 148 151 TORTRICINA (Rennie). Divided into, 1. ToBTRiciDjE, with the antemne always bristle-shaped ; he wings with their outer margin arched at the hase, and narrowed as to give the insect a short broad form t the shoulders . . . 165 2. Yponomeutidk, with the under palpi longer than lie head, often in form of a muzzle . . 186 TiNiiiD/E, with the wings rarely rounded at the tip, iftencr acute, convoluted and deeply fringed ; first pair ong and narrow, the second pair broad and folded during eposc. . . . .211 Ai.i'ciTrn^, with the body and /ee£ long and slender ; he wings, particularly the second pair, divided lengthwise n the form of feathers ; the antenna: always bristle-shaped. 229 TORTRICIDjE rSTEprrF.Ns.) Divided inin, 1. Ciri.or.i'rioiiA . 155 2 ToRTlll.'i . 155 3. l.OZOTJENrA . 156 4. AwprrisA . . . . . 158 a. DiTULA . 158 6. ANTrXIICSlA . 159 7. Si'ir.ONOTA . 160 8. I'sr.iiDOTOarrA . 162 9. STtCANOPTVCirA . 164 0. Anchviophia . 166 SYSTEMATIC TABl, 11. Semasia 12. ApiIKHA 13. Cnephasia 14. Ortiiot.i^nia 15. PoiCILOCHnOMA 16. Ptvcholoma 17. KucHRoniiA 18. Loi'IlODERUS 19. Saiiuothrii'US 20. Pehovea 21. Paramesia 22. Leptooramma 23. Glyphisia 24. DiCTYOI'TERYX 25. CuEiMATorniLA 26. Argyroioza 27. Arovrolepia 28. EurcECiHA 29. PllTHEOCHROA 30. lozopera 31. Xantiiosetia 32. Phibalocera 33. HyPEHCALLIA 34. Orthotelia 35. PnoxoPTERis 36. Cahpocapsa 37. 'J'ehas 38. CociiYus YPONOMEUTIDM (Stephens.) Divided into 1. Depressaria 2. Anacampsis 3. lopiionotus 4. CllEI.ARIA. T). RlCUHVABIA (). Machochii.a 7. Enicostoma 8. Dasycera XXXVII 9. AnELA 10. Capillakia 11. Diuhnea 12. EpicnAPHiA 13. MlLANOI.ElJCA 14. Yponomf.uta 1,'). AllCYIlOStTIA 16. AltOVIlOMIGES 17. lliaiiiiEiA la. RIlCKOSETIA 19. (EcopiionA 20. Pancai.ia 21. PonntcTAniA FAOK . 195 . 196 . 197 . 197 . 197 . 197 . 200 . 200 . 202 . 203 . 206 . 207 . 209 TINEIDJE (Stephens.) Divided into 1. Gai.leria . 211 2. Ilvtiiia . 211 3. Melia . 211 4. EUDOHEA . 211 5. Phycita . 212 6. Oncocera . 215 7. ClIAMBUS . 216 8. CiiiLO . 218 9. Plutella . 219 10. Ypsoi.opiius . 220 11. KuPLOCAMUS . 221 12. Tinea . 222 13. LtPIDOCERA . 223 14. Incurvaria . 223 15. Lampronia . 225 16. aUAC.LI.ARIA . 227 ALUCITIDM (Uacii.) Divided into 1. PTtiioPiioims . 22f> 2. Alvcita . 231 ERRATA. , for Eupromc, , — Lavana, , — Leminitis , — Statice, , — Ichneumccn, , — Hepiladse, , — Aglaia, . — Pavenia-minor, , — Rubia, , — Amulet, , — Limbounbata, , — Lent, , — purfurana, , — suhfasciara, , — subroseana, I, — costana, i, — geUatela, I, — Green- lettered Gold, — aurivitella, 1^ — obcsurella, , — Fuesby'8, ., — Latinc, read Europome. J — Levana. , — Li^enitis. * — Statices. , — Jchneumon. ^ — Hepialid(B. — Aglia. — Pamnia-minor. — Rubea. i — CKBATOI'ACHA. I — Annulet. — Limboundata. — Kent. — furfurana. t — subfasciana. — rubroseana, — costosa. ■ — gelatella. , — Greek-lettered Gala{ — aurivittella. . — obscurelln. j — Fuesly's. \ — Satin. I CONSPECTUS BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. PAPILIONIDJE (Leach). PAPILIO (Rav), Palpi very hlunt and short, scarcely reaching^ the honrt (clff- pens), the third joint wanting or very small ; antenna: with more than thirty joints, and the clubbed tips somewhat curved ; feet (tarsi) with distinct claws not forked ; upper wings triangular, somewhat curved like a sickle at the outer edge ; under win^s with a pointed tail, the inner margin with a scollop to receive the abdomen. Kgf{ not known ; caterpillar without hairs, with an organ in the neck in form of a Y, which can be protruded or retracted at pleasure ; chrysalis, girt with silk, angular, with two ears. The Quken (PapHio Begins, De Gbkr) appears the end of |May and beginning of August. Wings three inches seven- twelfths, somewhat indented j yellow with a black inars-in, and yellow crescents ; the under wings with a tail, and rcti and blue eye spot. Caterpillai; smooth, pale green, with black, rciKspottcd rings, feeds on fennel and wild carrots in July ami Scptcniher. Chrysalis yellowish green. Notcomraon. Kent, Norfolk, Hants, Cambridge. Tlie scarce Swallow Tail (P. Podalirius. Lin'N.) It is very doubtful whether any specimen has been found in Britain. The New Forest specimen proved to be P. Reginee, GONEPTERYX (Lkacii). Pnlpi very Hat, short, but longer than the head, the tip joint short; ««(«»«« with lessthan thirty joints, short, thick, with the clubbed tip becoming gradually thicker; feet {tarsi) with the claws short and forked ; upper wings somewhat three cornered ; umler wings somewhat egg- wedge shaped, with a groove to re- ceive the abdomen. Egg not known; caterpillar without hairs ; chrysalis, girt with silk, somewhat angular, with a beak. Thr Primrose {Gnnepteryx Ilhamni, Leach) appears the middle of February, beginning of June, and in autumn. Wings two inches and a half; ang\ilar j primrose yellow in the male, greenish white in the female, each with a darker spot. 2 CONSPECTUS OF nUTTERFLIES. Caterpillar, pale ffreen, with a whitish stripe on the sides, feeds on the l)Uckthorn and berry bearing airier ilthamiius frattguta) ; Chrysalis greenish, suspended. Common in the soutn. COUAS (Fabeicius). Palpi projecting beyond the head, very flat, the tip joint the shortest ; antenna with less than thirty joints, short, rather slender, the clubbed tip blunt ; feet with small, weak, forked claws ; ,tfifn-r :r:i,::^ somcwhat thrcc cornered ; under wings rontHll li, ,;iii ,1 M 'live to receive the abdomen. /■;/,'., ! MM,\,i /wz/rr/ifV/")' warty, and without hairs J chry. satis, ijiii uiih 111. , somewhat angular, with a beak. TMKCi.orriiM) Sv i.rnv a (Colias Euprame. Stf.phkns) ;i:'i ■ the middle of August and in September. Wings two iim two inches one-sixth ; above very pale sulphur yellov phens' specimen) with a black border, spotted, in the ii ■ with yellow ; in the centre of the upper wing a black spot, and In that of the under an eye spot. Caterpillar and cliri/snlis un- known. Very rare, and even doubtful as a native. East coast. The scakce Clouded Ybllov^C. I'atcmo, Stepukns) very doubtful as a llritish species. The Ci.ounnn Goldkn (C. Chrysotheme, Stbphevs) appears in Seiitember. Wings one inch two-thirds to one mch five- sixths ; aliovc golden yellow with a black border, spotted in the female with yellow ; the upper wings rounded. Probably a small pale variety of C Kdtisa. Norfolk, Till: Ci.oirnun Sai-kron (C. Erf«.TO, FAnRiriDs) appears the middle of Aucu.-.!, and onily in RprinK. WinRs one inch two- thirds tn two ini-lu-sone.lliinl ; above deep snlTroii yellow, some- times with a rosy gloss, with a black border, spoiled in the fe- male with yellow ; upper ones with a black spot in the centre ; the under ones greenish underneath, with a silvery spot ; some with five or six reddish brown spots- Caterpillar, dull gi-een, with a white stripe on each si. Apollo, Stephens). Indigenous to Norway, and said to be British by mistake. Tlie Ai.i'iNK WniTK {D. Mnemnsn7ie, Stephens). Indigenous to the Alps, and said to be British by mistake. NYMPHALIDJE (Swainson). A. FRITILLARIES. NEMEOBIUS fSTKi'HKNs). PaJpi very short and hairy, with three joints, the fii*st very small, ami llir tliiid ahnut half as long as the second ; antennce with cluhl.fd tills, short and flattish ; fore legs short and hairy ; hinder {f^s witlmni s|mrs; feetviXth. minute undivided claws; vpper wi/ig.s sliort iuid triangular ; under wings somewhat round and indented. Egg; caterpillar; cAvy«rt/is, not known. The Dvkk{N. Lucinn, Stephens) appears the end of May and June. AWngs one inch to one inch one-third ; first pair black, spatted mth tawny; second pair underneath with two bands of whitish spots. The female darker-coloured above. Caterpillar said to feed on grasses. Not common. Woods in Kent and Surrey, New Forest, Dorsetshire and Berkshire. MELIT.^A (Fabricios). P«/;jnonger than the head, very hairy, with three joints, the first sUghtly bent, the third in some half tlic length of the second. 6 CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. in others short and minute; nntennm with more than thirty joints, tlie clulilieil tips short, abrupt, blunt, largro, and tiattish j fore legs small, the feet with a small cushion, in some the nails are doulilc, in otluTs nndivi■;,: ■ ; rMUIulisll, ^-V T I" ' ^1' <"/''7H7/^;r downy, with spines in some, and flesli> 1 ''"v/mi/issomewliat angular with a blunt head, su-iHinN .1 1m flu- tail. Thk YKr-i.ow Cri:scent (M. Athalia, Stephens) appears the end of May and begrinninf? of July. Wings one inch seven, twelfths to three.fourths; above black tessellated with tawny i second pair underneath with tawny spots at the ba.sc, a band of yellow spots in the middle, and a row of yellow crescents at the tip ; male smaller and more distinctly marked. Ciitci-pillar brown. Not common. Caen Wood, Middlesex j Dartmoor, Devonshire, and Hartley Wood ; Essex, Dover. The Mornino Crbscbnt (JI/. Pyronia, Stephens) appears in June. Win^s one inch scvcn-t^velfllls ; first pair above tawny, with black blotches, underneath with a blaek band and tawny ncrvures ; second pair black with a tawny streak, underneath with a whitish band and black spots and ncrvures. Probably only a variety of M. At/mlia. Rare. Middlese.i and Peckhara, Surrey. The Black CnEscENT (.¥. tesBellata, Stephens! appears the beginning of May. Wings one inch two-thirds ; above tawny, tessellated with black ; second pair underneath straw colour, with three yellowish bands and black crescents ; the fringes white, intersected with black. CtUcrpillar black, with a pale line on the sides. Probably only a variety of M. Atlialia. Very rare. Caen wood, Middlesex. The Scabious {M. Artemis, Leach) appears the middle of May, and rarely quits its natal field Wings one inch one-third to one inch eleven. twelfths ; above tawny, waved with black, and spotted witli yellowish ; second pair underneath with three hutf- colotu-ed bands, and, on both surfaces, a streak of eye. like spots. Female larger and more distinctly marked. Caterpillar, black above, and yellowish beneath, with a row of white dots on the back and sides, feeds on the devil's bit scabious (Scaliiosa ^tccisa) &c. Remains in society under a silken web from Sep- tember till the middle of April. Chrysalis greenish white, vrith black spots and yellowish tubercles on the hinder part of the body. Not common. Norfolk, Suffolk, Middlesex, Devon. The Gi.anville {M. Cituria, Leach) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch three-fourths to eleven-twelfths ; above orange tawny, tessellated with black ; second pair underneath with three yellowish bands, edged and spnttnd \vrtli lil;\ck, and towards the hinder niarj^^in, on I)r)tb siir(;!c :t r... ,,i rye-like spots. Female d.iikir below than the inl , - ./.'black, with a row of wliite spot.s im tlic sides ; ii h..i,,i,i , iis kinds of plaintain, appears in autumn, and lives in socn-l) beneath a silken web till April. Vhrytalis brown beneath, with tawny CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 7 stripes. Very uncommon, Middlesex, Kent, Hampsliire, York- sliire, Lincolnshire, Bedfordshire; near Dover. TiiK AsPBN [M. Maturna, Stkphkns). Said to be British on doubtful authority. Thk Godokss {M. Difi, Stephens). A continental species, said to be British by mistalce. The Silvrr Simit (M. f^ifrjic, Lkach) appears on heaths and in woods, in Mii)', iln \u ■. ininn'; nf .Filly, and in August. Wings one inch two-tiiii i .1 m i wrlftlis ; tawny, spotted with black ; second p 1 ■ 1 ^ :u-icfjatrd with red and yellow, with twelve silvi I \ i.m , :i hi.n k eye-like spot, with a red pupil, and towards the linuler niarjcin, a streak of black spots. Varies much. Cttterpittiif hlack, with a clear stripe on the sides; the spines half yellow. Common in the south of England. Essex, Devon. Thk Princb {il/, Euplirnsi/ne, Lrach) appears in May. Wings one inch three-fourths to el even- twelfths ; orange tawny, spotted with black ; second pair underneath variegated with red and yellow, with nine silver spots, seven of which are placed on the hinder margin, one wedge-shaped in the middle, and one at the base, with a yellow eye-like spot, having a black pupil. Varies much. Caterpillar, black, with two orange-spotted streaks on the back, feeds on violets, such as the viola lutea, and viola canina. Common in woods in the south of England. Pcngo Common, Essex, Devon, and neai' Edinburgh. ARCYVNiS ;|.'w;'Mrii,S). Palpi not much Iodk' 1 i 1 '' i. 'livorgont, hairy, with three joints, the first cni\ 11 ' > "i '•nuul. the third needle- shaped, and very smwU ; '■n.dn.'i. \^,ill nioic thau thirty jolnts, the clubbed tips short, abrupt, bhuit, large, and flattish ; fore legu short, the claws with double nails ; upper wi/iffs triangular; under wiitgs somewhat round, and both more or less indented. Females usually darker than the males. Efrg conical, with a round point, and many elevated ribs 1 caterpillar with spines; chrysalis somewhat angular, commonly with metallic spots, the head notched, suspended by the tail. The Princkss (A. Latkonia, Lrach) appears In May, August, and September. Wings one inch five-sixths to two inches one- twelfth ; tawny orange, distinctly spotted with black ; second pair underneath with numerous silvery spots, and, towai ds the hinder margin, a row of seven red eye-like spots, having a sil- very pupil. rH^er/)i7/nc, brown-grey, with a whitish line on the back, and two brownish ones on the sides, the spines and legs pale yellow, feeds on heart's-ease and saintfoin. Chrysalis dull brown, with a yellow stripe on the back, sprinkled with gold and silver dots ; a white streak at the end of the wing-cases. Very scarce. Norfolk, Battersea, Surrey, Kent, Hertford, Cam- bridgeshire. . Abbot's (-4. Niobc, Stephens). Said to be British on doubtful authority. » CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. The High Bhown (A. Adippe, Leach) appears the end of June and beginning of Jtdy, Wings two inches and a half to three-quarters ; orange tawny, spotted with black ; second pair underneath yellowish red, with many silvery spots, and a streak of three or four red eye-like spots, having a silvery pupil, wbich vary much. Caterpillar, brownish, with a whitish stripe on the back, edged with black dots, feeds on the dog's violet and hearts' case. Chrj/salis reddish, with silver spots. South of England, Suffolk, Essex, Devon, woods near Reading. The Dark Green (A.Afflaia, Leach) appears the beginning of July and August. Wings two inches one third to five-sixths; orange tawny, spotted with black ; second pair underneath greenish yellow, with twenty-one silverspots. C«^T/)i7/«rdusky, with a yellow lino on tlic back, and a row of eight square spots on each side ; it fuuds on tlie dog's violet. Chrr/snliii brownish red. Ratlier unct)mmon. Suffolk, Essex, Keut, Devon, Berks. A. Charlotta, (Sowerbv), is only a variety of ^. Aylma. The Silver Streak {A. Paphia, Lbach) appears the begin- ning of July. Wings two inches two-thirds to three inches j tawny, spotted with black; second pair greenish underneath, with four narrow silvery bands. Caterpillar, solitary, brownish, with a yellow line down the back, feeds on the dog's violet, raspberry, and nettle. Chrysalis greyish, with yellow points. Rather uncommon. Suffolk, Essex, Kent, Devon, Berks, Penge Common. B. SWIFTS. COMMA (Rknnie). Palpi thickly clothed with scales and a few short hairs ; an- tenna: with the clubbed tips abrupt; fore legs short and very hairy ; upper wings narrow, with irregularly waved edges ; under wi/i^s with indentations and a short tail. The Comma {Comma C. allium, Rknnik) appears the end of June and middle of September. Wings one inch three- quarters to two inches one twelfth ; above dark orange, spotted with black and brown ; second pair underneath marked with a reversed and snowy white C. Caterpillar, brownish red, with the fore-part of the back yellow, and the other white, feeds on hop, willow, elm, gooseberry, currant, nettle, hazle, and honeysuckle. Chrysalis flesh-coloured, with a contraction in the middle, and spotted with gold. Rather uncommon. York and South of England, Suffolk, Herts, Pengc Common, on poppies. VANESSA (Fabricius). Pa/pi hairy, with a few scales intermixed, more than twice the length of the head, projecting obliquely, the tips beaked, with three jomts, the first short and curved, the second long. CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 9 the third the length of the first, and needle shaped; antennoi longish, with about thirty joints, the clubbed tips oblong: and abrupt ; eifes very downy ; fore leys very hairy, somewhat like a tippet ;/ee^ with longdoubleclaws, or with a nail-like projection; upper wings somewhat curved, and three cornered ; under wings somewhat three cornered, with a short tail, and a groove to receive the abdomen. Egg oval, with many elevated ribs (except in V. Polt/chloroa) ; caterpillar with divided spines; chrgsuUs somewhat angular with two ears, commonly gilded with metallic spots, suspended by the tail. Thb ^lm (Va7iessa Polgchloros, Leach) appears the middle of July. Wings two inches one-third to three inclics ; dark orange, inwardly covered virith tawny hairs, and scales at the base, and clouded with black beneath ; second pair witli the hinder mar- gin black, with blue crescents ; all the wings underneath ash- coloured, with black bands. Caterpillar, blackish, with a yellow stripe OQ the side, feeds on elm, dog. wood, and fruit trees ; when young it is gregarious. Chrysalis flesh-coloured. Not uncommon. Suffolk, Essex, Middlesex, Surrey, Kent, Hamp. shire, Devon, Isle of Wight. TiiK ToaTOisBsiiELi. (V. Urticee, Lracii) appears in springy the end of June, and beginning of September. Wings one inch five-sixtlis to two inches one-third ; above deep orauge, base black, hinder margin black, with a series of blue crescents ; second pair covered with long tawny hairs at the base. Cater- pillar, dusky, head black, feeds on nettle ; when young it is gregarious. Chrysalis greyish, spotted with gold on the neck, and sometimes entirely gold-coloured. Common throughout the kingdom. Thk Pbacock {V. Jo, LuACu) appears in spring and the middle of July, tin late in autumn. Wings two and a half to three inches; above purplish, or reddish brown, with a large eye-like spot near the tip of the fli'st, and towards the margin of the second pair ; underneath brown, marbled, banded, and spotted with black. Caterpillar, gregarious, black, spotted with white, the feet rust-coloured, feeds on the nettle. Chrysalis green, gold spotted. Common in the south of England, and found also hi Yorksliire and in Scotland. The Willow {V. Antiopa, Lkach) appears in spring, the beginning of August and middle of September. Wings two inches five sixths to three inches one-sixth ; above pur- plish, posterior margin whitish or straw-coloured, (in foreign specimens buflF or orange), with a series of violet-blue spots interiorly. The first pair luivc the upper edge marked wiUi white, with two white spots near tlie tiii ; the second pair have a central white spot. Caterpillar, gregarious, black, with square reddish rusty spots on the back, feeds on the willow, birch, and poplar. Chrysalis black, spotted with tawny. Kare. Nor- folk, Suffolk, Essex, Worcester, Berks, Oxford, Cambridge, Middlesex, Herts, Kent, Epping Forest. X 10 CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. AMMIRAUS (Rennib). Pafpi thickly clothed with scales, and a few hairs intermixed j antenna with the clubbed tips abrupt ; er/es downy ; 7tppe7- wings an^^ular ; under wings round, indented, and without any tail. Egg oval, with many elevated ri iim . m, lu-s ; deep silky black, edged with white crescents : (ii i ]<:n\- wiiiia trans* verse, somewhat interrupted, orange-rid i);iini nn hoth sur- faces ; second pair with a marginal row of black spots. Cuter, pillar, solitary, greenisli, with a yellow line on the back, feedg on the nettle. ChryHaUs blackish, ashy-grey beneath, with gold spots. Common everywhere. CYNTHIA {Fabricius). Palpi thickly clothed with scales and short hair, with three joints, the first short and curved, the second long and flattish, the third InnjjiT than the first, and needle shaped; antenna with nearly fortyjoints; the clubbed tips very short, abrupt, and fiattisli ; eifeit very downy ; fore lef^s very hairy, somewhat like a tippet ; y>'^'/ willi sliort lilsIiiohs and Ion;; claws, somewhat forked; «;/«;::.%• with scollups ; niiprr irhii^s ttiiingular and some. what curved; tmilrr tr'niK's s-iim-\vli;it n\;il, wcdgc-shaped, clothed on the nppi-r and inmr sides with long hair, with a groove to receive the ab(f(micn. Egg oval, with many elevated ridges ; caterpillar solitary, with toothed spines ; chrysalis angular, commonly gilt, suspended by the tail. The Painteo Ladv (Cynthia Cardui, Stephkvs) appears In spring, the end of July and beginning of August, until October. Wings two inches one third to two thirds; tawny brown, with a tinge of rose colour, variegated with white and black ; second pair underneath marbled, with four eyelets. Varies much in brightness of colour. CattrpiUnr, solitary. dusky, with interrupted yellow lines on the siiles, feeds on spear-thistle, nettle, mallow, &c. Chrysalis brown, with asli- coloured lines and gold spot-*. Common. Edinburgh, Middle- sex, Devon, Jersey, and in most parts of the globe. The Haupsteao (f. Hampstediensis, Stephkms). Wings two inches; above dark brown, with a yellow streak at the margin ; the first pair with five yellow spot**, and all the wings with two black eyelets, having a white pupil. This insect has not been met with since the time of Petivcr, who had it from Hampstcad. CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 11 APATURA (Fabricius). Palpi longer than the head, with three joints, the first short and bent, the second lon(? and slender, the third about the length of the first/ and blunt ; antennai long, with about thirty joints, the clubbed tips abrupt, with a point at the edge ; eyes without down ; fore legs very short ; hind legs with forked claws ; wings with scollops ; upper wings somewhat curved and triangular ; under wings rondo -triangular, with a groove to receive the abdomen. Egg not known ; caterpillar spindle shaped, with spines, and with horns on the head j chrysalis somewhat angular, with a beak, suspended by the toil. TiiB Empkror (Apatura Iris, Lkacr) appears the beginning of July. Wings two inches and a half to three inches and a quarter; black, or iridescent blue, with a common interrupted white band; second pair above with a single eyelet. Caterpillar, of a beautiful green, with reddish bristles at the tail, and green- ish yellow horns ; feeds on the common sallow and the oak. ChrysaViH pale green. So\ith of England, Suffolk, Essex, Mid- dlesex, Surrey, Kent, Bedford, Hereford, Berks, Wilts, and Hants. LRMINITTS (F.vnRicius). PaljK i'Mi. I I 111, in iiir ii.hI, . inilK-il With scalcs, aud Slightly hairy, 'A I I I I i ^ .iiiuU iuid oval, the second long andsli!iii I tiiaii the first, and egg shaped; anteniio Im, ■ , ii, riui.iM.i .>.. i .n.; and slender, and ending in a point placrdsiiiowiiys; r//^ ,s h;ii]y ■. fon- legs short, slcnder, with a very small claw; /liiifi /<'?:■■< \nu\;, witit claws and a short cushion; w/h^« somewlmt hiaii-iilar, jiiid with slight scollops, upper wings triangular ; lau/fi' iri>i-jfi rondo-triangular, with a shallow groove to receive the abdomen. Egg not known ; caterpillar long, with blunt spines on the back, and tufts of hair on the sides ; chrysalis somewhat angu- lar, with a beak, and suspended by the tail. Thb Poplar {Leminitis Populi, Stkphkns). Said, without proof, to be British. TtiB HoNRVsucKLKfZ.. Camilla, Lbach) appears the beginning of July. Wings two Inches to two inches ono-sixtli ; bi-ownish black, indented witli a central whitish band, lictwcni which and the base is an ashy crescent on the disc, and lnur wliitc dots, With a double parallel series of obscure black marginal spots ; underneath the central areolet is inscribed with zigzag black signatures. The second pair are very similar. VaterpiUur, green, feeds on the honeysuckle. Chrysalis green, spotted with gold, forked in front. Soutli -eastern eo\inties of England, Sussex, Essex, Berks, Hants, Kent and Middlesex, SutFolk, 12 CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. HIPPARCHIA (Fabricius). Palpi sliplitly loiif^tTthiui the licad.morc or less hairy, curving (lownwnrti nt tlio tip. wirii tiirci- joints, the first short, and the secomi tmich UtiiRir ami Il;ittisli ; inif>;ina'\one, -with&houtfoTty joints, tlip chihlKMl tip sh^ruirr, spiniile shaped and bent ; fi/ea in some witli, in others without, down j fore legs shortest, and in most cases hairy; /it'nd /cf » with short forlted claws, and short cushions; vpper whips in most eases tiiang^lar ; imder ivinf^s rondo- triangular, insome with scollops, with a shallow groove to receive the abdomen. Egg in some, with elevflted ribs, in others with minute punc- tures, in others with net-work markings; (?n/crp«7/Hr somcwliat spindlcshaped, warty, and the tail forked; cAr^sa/is somewhat angular, with two ears, suspended by the tail. Tub Specklkd Woon, {Hippnrchia JEgeria^ Leach) appears the beg-inning of April, beginning of June, and beginning of August. Wings one inch and a half to two inches ; brown spotted with yellow ; first pair with an eyelet toward the tip on both surfaces; second pair above, with three eyelets. Varies much. Caterpillar^ green, with white lines, feeds on the couch grass. Chrysalis short, green. Throughout England, and near Edinburgh. Tub Sprckled Brown, {H. Mara, Stephens). Said to be British by mistake. The Wall, (//. Mega-ra, Lbach) appears in April, the begin- ning of July, and beginning of August. Wings one inch and a h£df to eleven-twelfths; tawny, witli brown bands on both sur- faces; first pair with cin .■\.)il i>n Inilli sides towards the tip, with one or more acijnipnn m - ml pair above towards the hinder margin, with Inn I <■ iiic ones beingoften with- out a pupil, and undti nr.iih \viih i\, the lash of which is double; female larger. rf//fr/»(7/f//-, greenish, with dark streaks on the back and sides, feeds on grass. Chrt/nalis hrown. Common everywhere. The TnK (Jravlino (H. Semele, Leach) appears in July. Wings two inches tme-fourth to seven-twelfths ; dull brown; the first pair witli two eyelets on both surfaces, and the second pair with a single eyelet above : varies much in cohiur and markings. Caterpillar, green, feeds on grass. Chrysalis dusky. Local. South Shields, Scarborough, Cambridge, SuflTolk, Essex, Syden- ham, Kent, Devon, and Salisbuiy Plain. The MAiuiLKn White (H. Oalathea, Leach) appears in June and July. Wings two inches to two inches and a quarter ; yel- lowish spotted with black ; underneath the first pair with a sin- gle eyelet near the tip, and the second pair with five, one of wliich is double; the black lighter in ttie male. Caterpillar, CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 13 bright green, with an obscure line on the baclc and sides, feeds on the cat*s-tail grass. Chrysalis yellowish. Tliroughout Eng- land : Suffolk, Essex, Devon, and Wilts. The Gate Kkkper (//. Tithonus, Stbpiikns) appears the mid- dle of July. Wings one inch five-twelfths to five-sixths j above with the disc tawny-yellow ; the first pair with an eyelet on both sides towards the tip ; second pair with a faint eyelet towards the posterior angle, and beneath with from three to five white points ; female larger. CaterpiUur, greenisli, with white lines and brown head, feeds on the annual meadow grass. Chrysalis green. Abundant near London ; Yorkshire, and Northumberland. The Meadow Brown (H. Jnnira, Leach) appears in the be- ginning of June and July. Wings one inch and a half to two inches ; above nearly black ; first i>air with a black eyelet near the tip in the male, and in the female (H. Ji/r/inn, Linn.) a tawny- orange blotch, in which is an eyelet; second pair grey underneath, with an ashy band. Caterpillar, green, with a white streak on tlie sides, feeds on the meadow grass. Chri/siilis yellowish, with black streaks on the breast and wing-cases. Near London, north of England, and Scotland, abundant. Tke Akuan Brown (H. Ligpn, Stephens) appears about July or August. Wings one inch five-sixths to two inches ; above brown, v. ith a red band ; first pair with four or five eyelets on both sides ; second pair above with three eyelets, an lihidn ni;u;;iii, in which, on the first pair, arc lour black eyc-Iitu' spnts, hri\ ing white pupils ; second pair underneath with an asby band : varies much in colour, the females lightest. Local. Isle of Arran, and near Dui'ham. The Ua: Iritish by i Tub Mountain Ringlet (//. Cassiope, Strprkns) appears in Jnly. Wings one inch one-fourth to five-twelfths ; silken brown, with a red band, In which are several eye-like black spots. Scarce, or rather local. Ambleside, Westmoreland, and in Cum- berland. The Ringlet (//. Hyperanthtts, Leach) appears the end of June. Wings one inch and a half to eleven-twelfths ; brown, paler beneath ; first pair above with one or more eye-like spots, and three underneath ; second pair above with two eyelets ; un . derneath with two conjoining eyelets near the anterior margin, and three behind : varies much in the size and number of tiie spots. Caterpillar, whitish grey, sometimes black, with a brown stripe, feeds on and resides at the roots of the annual meadow grass. Chrysalis bright brown witli obscure streaks. Abundant throughout Britain : Dartmoor, Devonshire, Shooter's Hill, and Penge Common, Kent. 14 CONSPECTUS 01' BUTTERFLIES. Thk Mahsii Rinolbt (H. Pohidamii. SrK.rnKNs) apiicavs in June. Wings one inch and a lialftotwM iiiii.i ii. .vc giey. tawny ; uuderneatli, first pair with from I t Irts, and the second pair with six, bordcrrrt with \ I I - i ' ii Mireeare very small: varicsmuch. Probably abrij:"i v n i. i i ii /(. Diimia, North Wales, Cumberland, and Yorkshiro. The July Rinoi.kt (//. Dntyiis, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-third to tliree-fourths ; above brownish tawny ; underneath, the first pair with two eyelets towards the hinder margin, and one or more very faint eye-like spots, bor- dered with tawny, and the second pair with six eyelets, and a silver spot in the centre ; varies exceedingly. Near Manchester, in Vorksliire, and Norfolk. The Silver Kinolbt (H. Hn-ri, Stephens) appears in June and July. Winprs (one inch and a half!) brown, with an eyelet towards the tip on the upper surface of the first pair ; second pair with four or five blind eyelets ■, underneath with six perfect ones. Very rare. Sussex. Tub InoN Bkown (H. Ai-mnius, Stephens) has been given as British on the doubtful autliority of one specimen. Thk Goloen Evk (H. Pamphitus, Lkach) appears the begin, ning of June and beginning of September. Wings one incb one-sixth : tawny with ilarkir marKiiis; first pair with an eye. let on eacbun'ur i-.v, iIm hii; ..nnd i.iiir above with a veryfainteyili . i i- - ' lerneath with« short ashy b;i i ■ i i .. n ,,is the margin, are four niimii' ii- <■'''"' • '' ' ' ""' "'"ch in colour. Caterpillar, gri-cn, with wliitc linos on the back, feeds on crested dog's-tail grass. Chryaalia gseen. Abundant tliroughout the kingdom. LYCENWM (Leach). THFCI.A 'FMini.iisl. Pafpi rather longcrtium i|.. i in - i! xvitb scales at the base and a few hairs, will M|. I i short and bent, the second long, the iIdi.i ; m h i>'i i ' ••■• •■ ■ nntnma: short, with more than forty j<.inis, i,it.,iui..i, K'"'"-illy thicker from the base upwards, the club longest and nut Hat ; ct/es downy ; legs alike in both sexes ; fore has rather short ; feet with large cushions, almost concealing the claws, which are very short and undivided ; upper wings entire and triangular j under u-ini/s m some indented. In others with short tails. Egg not known ; caterpillar short, oval, and flat, in form of » wood louse (.OnUcits): chrnsalis, girt with silk, with the head roundish. The Brown Hair Streak (Theela Belnlte, Leach) appears the middle of August. Wings one i nch one-tbird toscven.twcllthsi above dark brown ; upper v.ings with a black spot ; underncatll yellow, with a tawny band margined with white, fringes white i CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 15 female with a patch of orange brown on the upper wings. Cii- ter/iiltar, green, with oblique yellow stripes on the sides, and two on the back ; feeds on birch, blaclithorn, and plumb. Chrymla reddish brown, with paler streaks. Near London, Suffolk, In Berkshire, Dorsetshire, and Devonshire. Thb Plumb Haik Strk.^k (T. c, ;.,,,, ( , i:ri, ai.pears the end of June. WiuKSone iucli hvc-tw. i , inivvnish black; upper wings with an oblong ■•, h lilack spots half edged with silver; tails of the wings diverging outwards. Hunting- ilonsliire. Thb Black HAin Streak (T. W. album, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch and a half to une imti seven. twelfths ; above deep black or brown, and spc it I ess ; lienealli paler, particu- larly in thelenialc; upper wings Willi u sumewhiit waved, white cross stl'eak, nearly straight in the mule ; mukr wings with a. similar streak zig-zagged in form of a W, and beyond it a deep orange waved marginal band, spotted on the outside, and edged with black on the inside ; the tails of the wings pai-allcl (longest in the female), black tipped with white : the antenna; black with white ring.s and an orange tip. Caterpillar, du.sky green, with whitisli lines on the sides, and indentations on the back, feeds on blacktlnirn ami SpiiKa frutcx. Chrysalis dusky brown, with a white head. Not common, Suffolk, Surrey, Esse.\, Kent, Windsor. Tnii BLACKTHonN Hair Streak (T. Spini, Stephens) appears m July. Wings one inch one-thia'd ; above brown, with several reddish spots at the hinder tip : undir wint-s with the tip of the tail white; bi-neathash-coloured. w iili .1 wlm iie;ik and several tawny crescents dotted with blai I. i i in 1 i«it at the pos- tenorangle. Caler/iillar, gvec 1. . u. with vcllow hues on the back, and the lieuU ii.m.1., le. 1:.. un blackthorn. Chrysalis brown, beneath ash-colourcd. Raic. Norfolk. The Purple Hair Streak (T. Quercus, Leach) appears the middle of July and August. Wings one inch one fourth to one- half; above blackish, with a blue disc ; underneath ash-coloured, with a waved white streak, and a tawny twin.spot at the pos- terior angle. Male larger without gloss ; female all black with a purple gloss. Caterpillar, fleshy brown, with three rows of green dots, feeds on the oak. Chrysalis rust, brown, with three rows of brown dots on the back. Not uncommon through- ™.' "'e south, and in some parts of tlie nortli of Britain, Essex, Middlesex, Kent, Devon, HuutinBdonsliirc. 16 CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERELIES. The Gkekn Hair Streak (T. Rii'ii, Leach) appears the end of May, beginning of June, and bcptinning of August. Wings one inch to one inch one- third ; above dusky brown i some with a white spot on tlie upper wings ; beneath green ; second pair with a series of white dots, sometimes very faint ; some with white spots beneath. Ciitrr/iilUir, green, variegated witli yellow, with a black head ; it feeds on the bramble, dyer's woad, samt- foin, and broom. Cliri/siiUs brown. Not uncommon near Lon. don i in Essex, Dorsetshire, Devonshire, and Hampshire. LYC/ENA (Fabbicius). Palpi longer than the head ami divergent, with tlirec jomts covered with scales, Ihr ili l :m,(1 . ■ mnl ,il ,., >,vitb hair; antenna: with more than thirty ii il" ■ I'l- ''lunt and not flat j cj/esnot downy, (f^.s^ilii n ' ' ,,,,,/,■?.« little shorter than the hind legs ; /,■./ «iih hn ;. ,u nmir , inyond which the daws project ; upper whifrs entire, triangular, and somewhat wedge shaped ; under wings rondo-triangular, toothed at the posterior angle. Egg not known ; caterpillar short, oval, and flat, in form of a wood louse loniscus); chrysalis, girt with silk, with the head roundish. The Copper (t^onfrnl rrescent-ahaped black spot i underneath pale oran,-r niih f, ,, , i.lots, and the second pair bluish, with numerous , - I i. l pots; female not so brigllt, spotted with black ab.n. , ,u ,-1 -coloured margin, ("(^r- pillar somewhat hairy, vi v id ki l lh, v, ith innumerable white dots; It feeds on a kind of dock. Uhrysalis at first green, then paie ash-coloured, with a dark line on the back, and two shortisn white ones on each side. Local ; Cambridge, Huntingdon, but- folk and NorfoUt, Wliittlesea Mere. CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 17 Tub Swipt Copphb (Z.. Hippothoe, Stephens). Wings one inchfive-twelfthstoonc-holf; above tawny; beneathasb-coloured, with numerous eye-lilie black spots. Local ; very rare. Whit- tlesca-Mere, Norfolk, Suffolk, and Kent. The Goi.nEN Ron (i. Virgaureic, Leacii) appears the end of Au^st. Wings one inch flve-twelfths to one-half, of a shining and bright fiery copper colour ; first pair, in the male, wltliout spots ; underneath yellowish, with ten or eleven very indistinct eye-like black spots ; second pair above with six black spots attached to the black binder margin ; underneath with about twelve black spots crowned with white j some few orange spots near the posterior angle, which Is acute. In tlie female the first pair spotted above, with a marginal band of si.\ somewhat c Chrt/satis brownish-yellow, with the wing-cases rust-coloured. Rare and local. Isle of Ely and Huntingdonshire. POLYOMMATUS (Latkeii.le). Palpi longer than the head and nearly parallel, clothed with scales above, with three joints, the first short and curved, the second long, the third as long as the first and without hairs ; antenna: rather short, with more than thirty joints, the clubbed tip abrupt and flatfish, ending in a point placed sideways ; eyeii in some downy, in others not ; legs lUike in both sexes ; feet with very short cushions, beyond which are minwtc undivided claws j wings entire ; tipper n-ings triangular, and somewhat wedge- shaped 1 vniler wings oA'o-triangular, and scarcely, if at all, toothed at the posterior angle. Egg not known; caterpillar short, oval, and flat; chrysalis girt with silk, with the head roundish. The Azure Blub (Poli/ommatiis Argiolus, Srr.vnKus) appears obout the middle of May and end of August. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-half ; above light blue, black at the tip ; beneath light grey, with oblong disBimilur black spots ; female with more black at the tip of the wing. Vnlerpillnr, hairy, yellowish-green, with a vivid green line down the back, the head and legs black , feeds on the buckthorn and holly. Chrysalis smooth, in-own and green, with a black line down the back. Neai- London, Norfolk, Suflblk, Hants, Kent, and Devonshire. The BKnpoRn Blue (P. Alsus, STErnSNS) appears the end of May and beginning of July. Wings five-sixths to one inch one-twelfth ; above brown, with a blue gloss ; beneath ash-co. loured, with a single streak of eye-like spots. Uncommon and local. South of England, Coombe Wood, Surrey, Norfolk, Suffolk, Devon. The Mazarine Blue (P. Acis, Stephens) appears towards the end of May and beginning of July. Wings one inch one- 18 CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. sixth to one-third; above deep blue, with a black margin ; under, neatli ash-coloured, with a central black spot surmounted wiUi white, with a band of eye-like dots towards the hinder margin ; female brown above. Rare. Norfolk, Surrey, Cambridge, Dor- setshire, Hants, and Yorkshire. The Arion (P. Arion, Stephkns) appears the bejyinning of July, Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds ; above brown, with a bhic disc, or dark blue edged with black ; three small black s|int< f>n flic mitlilli> of thr iipprv mngs ; female blue, edRCd witli M " I I.. M i«.l MM ihr m r wing, and three on thej lowci I. im:ii L;i>li-coloured, spotted, edged! witli a h ,,,- hi,, ,. u.i,,. I ;,aford, Kent, Wilts, Bucks,! and Ni,iih Wall.,. The A1.C0N {P. Alcon, Stephe half; above blue, without spots, _ ^„., beneath brownish ash-colourcd, with a double series of cyc4ike dots. Probably only a variety of P. Arion. Bucks. The Chai.k Hill Blue (.P. Corydon, Stephens) appears the! middle of July. Wings one inch one-third to seven-twelfths; above of a silvery blue, with a deep black marginal band ; be- neath brown-ash, with numerous eye-like spots; fringes above spotted with black ; male beneath varies from a chalky white to ash colour. Female brown above, with soinetinies a sligbttingc of blue near the base of the wings, edged with yellow spots; under generally darker than the male, and the epots more dis. tinet. Frequent in the neighbourhood of Dover, Kent, Hants, Sussex, Suffolk, Dorset ; in chalky places. Tbe Clifden Blue IP. Adonis, Stephens) appears the end of May and middle of August. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-half; silvery blue, witli a black marginal streak; beneath ash-coloured, with numerous eye-like spots ; fringe on both sides white, interrupted by brown. Mole very shining light blue ; fe- male brown above, edged with a few yellow spots surrounded with black ; beneath like the male. Caterpillnr, green, with rows of tawny spots on the back ; feeds on clover. Chrysalis green or brown, Kent, Sutfolk, and Dorset. The Dorvlas {P. Dorylas, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-third ; above bright blue ; beneath pale ash colour, with a central black patch ; a streak of eye-like spots towards the hinder margin, and the margin itself wliitish. Most probably the same as P. Aleris. Found with the preceding. Sufl'olk, De- von. The Kent Blue {P. Jearius, Stephens), Wings one inch one-third ; pale blue, with black margins ; beneath ashcoloured, with an arched series of eye like dots, and marginal tawny spots. Female brown, with indistinct tawny edgings. Rare. Kent. The Alexis (J'. Alexis, Stephens) appears the end of May and middle of August, Wings one inch to one inch flve- twelfths ; above silky-blue, without spots, with a black marginal streak ; underneath ashy, with numerous eye-like spots, and a CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 19 marginal tawny spotted band ; fringes white. Males vary un- denicath from chalky white to ash colour ; females sometimes of a Uffht black above, sometimes half purple, and in fine spcci- meoB of a beautiful purple, always edfced with biwny or orauge- coloured spots, on tlie under surface often forming a continuous line, on which are marginal black spots. Caterpillar, green, hairy, with a dark line on the back ; feeds upon grasses, the wild liqiioricc, and barren strawberry. Chrysalis dark brown. Very common throughout England. Tub Cupin Bluk (P. Eros, Stkphens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-sixth ; above pale silvery or greenish blue, witliout spots ; beneath brownish grey, with numerous eye-like dots ; the second pair having a vci-y indistinct yellowish marginal band. Kent, Surrey. Toe Lead Blub (P. Argus, Stephens) appears the middle of July. Wings one inch onc-sixtli to one-thii'd ; above lilac- tinted blue, with a black 111. II MM miiU riKjith bluish. The tirst pair with eyc-likc spots, w ny band; at the poste- rior margin of the secoii'l i ■ . . n . iawny band, in which are six silvery spots, l-'enutii , Iimmmi ih.ivt- with tawny margin. Caterpillar, green, hairy, with wliitc warts, and a reddish brown line, edged with white on the back and sides, and some oblique streaks of the same colour on the sides ; head and legs brown ; feeds on melilot, broom, and saintfoin. Chrf/salis at first green, then brown. Common. Surrey, Kent, Hants, Dorset, Cambridge- shire, Suffolk, Noi-folk. Tub Brown Argus {P. Agestis, Stephens) appears the begin- ning of Jimc and middle of August. Wings one inch to one inch one-fourth ; above brown oii both sides, with a red spotted mar- ginal band; beneath greyish brown, with numerous eye-like dots; fringe vai-iegated with white and brown; tlie fir.st pair with a black spot on the disc. Males arc of a lighter colour underneath than females. Near London, Noi'wich, Ipswich, in Suffolk, Essex, Dorset. TiiK Durham Ahous(P. Safmncjs, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one inch one-sixth ; dusky black, underneath dingy, with somewhat eye-like spots j first pair with a dot above, in the male black, in the female white ; second pair iu both with a red band near the margin. Durham. The SeoTcn Arous (P. Arttu:erxes, Stephens) appears at the end of July. Wings one inch to one inch one-sixth; above brownish black ; on botli sides of tlie first pair a white spot oi> the disc, the second pair with reddish crescents; underneath, & white margin with a row of orange spots. Male, lighter than tlie f^ale. Local, near Edinburgh and Dumfries, Scotland; Devon. The Durham specimens, probably P. Salmaciss The Spotless Brown (P. Titus, Stephens). Said to be Bri- tish on doubtful authority. CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES, HESPERIDM (Swainson). THYMELE (Fabricius). Palpi rather longer than the head, very hairy, the tip Joint blunt ; anten-nw with more than thirty joints, long-ish, with the clubbed tip spindle-shaped, curved, and ending in a sharp hook; legs lonp, with minute forked claws and cushions filling th( spaces hc't\vccn thorn ; u-irif^s entire; upper wings broad, short, triaiitcnhir. ;ui(l romwlish jiostcriorly ; under wings broad, rondo- trinii,u:iitin-, rih\ siii^-htly tunthud. Ekk "<'' known ; t'tft'i-pillai- without hairs or spines; chrt/satii with tiie head notched. Tub Grizzle (Thymele Alueohis, Strphkns) appears about the end of May. Wings from five-sixths to one inch one-sixthj above black, with numerous white square spots on both surfaces, sometimes confluent; underneath greenish -grey. Fringe white, barred with black. Herts, Essex, Kent, Wilts, Yorkshire, Cam- bridgeshire. The Mallow {Th. Mntvtp, Stephens). Said to be British by the mistake of confounding it with Th. Tages. The Dinov Skipper {Th. Tages, Stephens) appears about the end of May and middle of July. Wings one inch onc-twelftli to one-third; above brown, indistinctly clouded with ashy-grey; with indistinct scattered wliite dots on both surfaces, and a mar- ginal series of white dots; beneath grey: the colours obscure in the male. Caterpillar, bright green, with a brown head and a yellow stripe, dotted with black down the back and sides, feeds on field eryngo, and bird's-foot trefoil. Chrysalii, the fore part dull green, the latter part reddish. Uncommon: Cumberland, Yorkshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Middlesex, Kent, Sur- rey, Devon. The Gkoroian Grizzle ( Th. OHeus, Stephens). Said to be British on doubtful authority. PAMPHILA, (Pabricius), Palpi short, flat, in some very thickly clothod with scales and short stifT bristles, in others thickly clothed with scales alonei anteJintB rather long, the clubbed tip spindle-shaped, in most cases ending in a hook ; head rather large j upper wings longish, and almost triangular; ujider tinngs with a very minute tail at the posterior angle. Egg not known j oaterjnllar downy ; chrysalis with the head sharp. Tub Checquered Skipper (Pamphila Paniscus, Stephens) appears the end of May. Wings one inch one-sixth to one- fourth ; above blackish brown, spotted with tawny ; beneath yellowish brown ; second pair with twelve whitish spots. FemtJo larger than the male. Caterpillar, dark brown on tlie back, witli tlie sides paler with two yellow stripes, head black, and an CONSPECTUS OF BUTTERFLIES. 21 orangc-coloiircd ring round the neck ; feeds on the great plan- tain. Northamptonshire, Bedfordshire, Oxfordshire, Devonshire. The Wood Skipper (/>. Si/lvius, Stephens;. Said to be British on doubtful authority. Thk Ghkat Stukak Skippbb (P. Linm, Stkphkns) appears the end of July. Wings one inch to one inch one-fourth; above tawny, without spots in the female, with veins and mar- gins black 1 underneath, the second pair are tawny ash colour. The male has an oblique black line in the centre of the first pair. Ciiterpillnr, solitary, green, witli a dark line on the back and sides. Chrt/siiUs yellowish green. Abundant: near London, Kent, Cambridgeshire. Thk Cloudbd Skipper (P. SylvanuSt Stephens) appears the end of May, and in July. Wings one inch one-sixth to flve- twelfths ; above brown, with pale square spots ; undenieath yellowish white. Male has an oblique brown line on the upper wings, like the P. Linea, which is wanting in the female. Kent, Yorkshire, Devon, Cambridgeshire, and near Newcastle. Tub Feabi. Skipper >P. Comma, Stephens) appears the middle of August. Wings one inch one-eixth to five-twelfths i tawny or grey, with pale or whitish square spots on both sur- faces ; the male has an oblique black patch in the centre of the first pair. Valerpillar, dull green, with a row of black spots on the back and sides, head black, with a white collar, feeds on the Coronilla varia. Sussex, Middlesex, Wilts. Raduon's Skipper (P. Bucephalus, Stephens). Said to be British without autliority. Tub BonnEBED Skipper (P. Viletlius, Stephens). Said to be British on doubtful authority. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. SPHINGINA (Rennie). TA'GMNID/E (Leach). INO (LRAcn). TnR Grbbv Foukster {Ino Staticex, LKAcir) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch to one incli nno-third ; first pair above blue-sreen ; undemeatli brown ; tlie scronil pair on Ijotll sides are brown ; antenna pectinated ami rlub-sliapcd. Cuter- pillar, dusky, witli two lines of white crescents on tlic l)acl< ; feeds on sorrel. Chrysnlis dusky . Not common. Kent, Siurey, Hert fordshire, Es8e.\, Middlesex, Yorkshire, Cambridgeshire, Nortli- umberland. Thb Blue. oreen Forestkr (7. G/oA«/art«, Strprbks). Sup. posed by Stephens to be only a variety of /. Statice. ANTHROCERA (ScopOLI). The Mki.ilotBurnet (Anthrncrra Meliloti, Stephens) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-third ; first pair greenish-blue, or greenish. black, transparent, with five red spots ; second pair red, with an indistinct greenish margin. Caterpillar, green, head and fore legs black, with a white stripe on the back, and a line of black spots on the si,ii, .^i iiy, all black. C«/er;)i7/«r,light brown, Willi .1 .' I ii...-,, miH nuthe sides, head dusky j neck varied wiUi iiu^Uy ami lauvvn; seg- ments with eight slanting black Uncs ; the horn black, divided at the tip J feeds on various species of the pine. Chrysalis grey- brown. Rare. Scotland, near Edinburgh ; Sussex. Thk Plbbbian Hawk (Sph. plebeia, Fabbicius). Said to be British on very doubtful authority. The Varikoated Hawk (SpA.pEctfa, Stephens). Said to he British on very doubtful authority. DEILEPHILA (OcnsKNHBiMKR). The Spurge Hawk (Deitephila Euphorbia:, OcnsKNnKiMER) appcarsthe beginning of June. Wings of the maletwoinehesftve. SKtha, female three inches one-twelfth ; first pair grey, with a broad posterior streak aiul two spots on the upper edge greenish ; the second pair red, with a l)aiul and the outer margin black; the antenna' wiiitc ; tlie liciui wliifc, with a greenish top. Co- terpUlnr, in its first state ijnito black, afterwards spotted with red, and lastly with n blark skin liaving: whitish points ; feeds on va- rious kmds of spiu-ge. Chrysalis pale yellowish brown, with longish wing-cases. Rare. Devonshire, Warwickshire. The MAnoER Hawk (7). Oullii, Leacu) appears the begin- ning of June. Wings two inches flve-sixtlis to tlirre inihes ; the first pair greenish, with a whitish stifiik l|i|tiiiti\'. i r ; ilu- second Pairbl.ick, with a pale Ijandclouilcil with nil , iln iii.im lin.wn, with white tips; the l)ack dotted willi wlnu ' - , i , olive- green, with a yellowish line on tlic back, iriii i U.n joUow lady's bed-straw, wild madder, and dyer's madder. Chrysalis dark brown. Rare. Near London, Kent, Cornwall, Devonshire. The Stripeu Hawk {D. Livornica, Curtis) appears In June. Wings three inches one-fourth ; the first paii- indistinct green, with a wlutish streak dravm from the base to the tip, obliquely 26 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. intersected by six white veins resembling lines ; tlie second pair black, with a broad streak drawn lengthwise from the base to the hinder margin, clouded with red ; ail the margins, except the upper, are dingy white. Caterpillar, yellowish at the tail , spotted with black, with the head, a line on the back, and spiraeles rose- coloured ; feeds on the yellow lady*s bed-straw, and on the vine. Chrysalis rosy brown. Rare. Norfolk, near London, Devonshire, TiiK Carrot Hawk (/). Vauctis, Stkphkns). Indigenous to North America, and doubtful as British j or probably a variety o( D, Livornicn. The Sharp Winoku Hawk (D, Celerio, OcHSENnEiMBii) J pears in July. Wings of the male two inclies five-sixths, female three inches one twelfth j the first pair t,'i-c) ish, with white longi. tudinallincslengthwisc,andabriKlit silvery haml; the second pair brown, with tlie base and six spots on tin- liinder margin rose- coloured. Cnterpillar, brown, with two whitish lines on the sides, and two eyelets on each side of the neck ; feeds on the Chrysalis dingy brown. Rare. Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Ox- fordshire, Warwickshire, Lancashire. Tn« Ei.RPHANT Hawk C^' Elpenor, Ochsrnhkimkr) appears the end of June. Wings two inches one-sixth to two thirds; the first pair olive- coloured, with three slanting reddish purple streaks. The second pair anteriorly black, posteriorly rosy. Caterpillar, dingy brown, with two blue eyelets on each side of the neck ; feeds on the yellow lady's bed-sti-aw, hairy willovr herb, vine, &c. Chrysalis anteriorly dull grey, posteriorly brown, with the spiracles obscure. Not uncommon ; near London, Hertfordshire, Surrey,. Devonshire, Shropshire, Cambridgeshire, Yorkshire, Northumberland. The Pio Hawk {D. PorceUus, Ochshnhkimkr) appears the beginning of June. Wings one inch five-sixths, to two inches one-twelfth ; the first pair varied with yellow and purple ; second pair brown at the base, with a yellow baTid and iinrplo margin; underneath the abdomen dotted with white. ('ntniiiUnr brown, with three bluish eyelets on both sides round tlic m-ck. Cbr\i- salts blackish. Rather scarce. Surrey, Sliroiisliirc. Wai-wick- shire, Yorkshire, Dorset, Wiltshire, Hants, Cambridgeshire, ncai London. SESSIWM (Stephens). MACROGLOSSA (Ochsenhkimbr). ThrHvmmingBirdHawk (Ulacroglossa SM/a(fln/m,OcHsBN- HBIMRR) appears the end of April, June, and August. Wiufil one inch three-fourths to two inches \ first pair dingy brown, with two waved black streaks, with a spot or circle between them ; second pair rust colour, with the hinder margin dingy. tingled with rusty brown, the fringe whitish ; the sides of the CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 27 abdomen varied with black and white. Caterpillar, speckled with white, with a yellowish line on the side; feeds on various kinds of bed-straw and dyer's woad. Chri/salis pale brown. Not uncommon. Kent, Hertfordshire, SxuTcy, Cambridgeshire, YorksJiirc, Northumberland, Hants. SESIA (FABnicius). Thb Drove Bre Hawk (Sesia Fuc^formis, Strpbens) appears the end of May and beginning of June. Wings one inch two thirds to three fourths ; olive brown ; the abdomen tawny, with a broad black band; the margin of the wings light brown. Ca- terpillar feeds on the devil's bit scabious. Chrj/salis brown. Very rare. Near London, Berkshire, Cambridgeshire, Hants. Thk Bkk Flv Hawk {S. Bomhi/fiforrmn, Stkphbns) appears the end of May. Wings one inch two thirds to five sixths ; green- ish yellow, with a band and broad marg-in blackish purple; the abdomen greenish yellow. Vuterpillur, green, with a yellow stripe on the sides and back, horn straight and reddish brown ; feeds on the honeysuckle and bed-straw. Chrysalis dusky brown ; with yellowish streaks. Not common. Surrey, Kent, Essex, Hants, Yorkshire. Tub Cimbrx Hawk {S. Cimbiciformis, Stephens) indigenous to North America, and doubtful as British. JEGERIID/E (Stkphbxs). TROCHILIUM CScoroLi). The Bee Hawk (Trnchilium Apiformis, STEPnExs) appears the end of June. Wings one inch seven-twelfths to flve-sixths; hrownisb, with the mai-gins and nervurcs brown ; head yellow ; tliorax black, with four yellow spots; abdomen yellow, with the second and fourth rings black. Caterpillar, whitish, head brown, feeds on the trunk and boughs of the poplar and aspen. Chrp- snlin brown, the segments fringed. Not common. Essex, Surrey. Thk Hornet Hawk {Tr. rrttiroH^/wrmr.t. Stephens) 'appears in July. Winirs niio inch onc-lialfto two-thirds; iron red. head black ; thorax bnnvii, with a dull yellow spot on ciicli side, with a narrow yellow collar; alxlomen yellow, and witli two black rings. Caterpillar, whitish, with a brown spot on several of the rings near the leg.s ; feeds under the bark of the sallow. Chry. lalh brown, the rings fringed. Not very common. Kent, Nor- thumberland. >ICGERIA (Fabricius). The Breeze Hawk {Mperia Aftili/ormis, Leach) appears in June. Wings eleven-twelfths to one inch one-fourth ; first pair tawny ; second pair brown ; abdomen brown, with three ycUow belts. Rare. Near London, Kent. Tub SpnKX Hawk (/jK. Sphi'giformis, FAnnictirs) appears in July. Wings one inch; dusky, witti the margins, a posterior 28 CONSPECTUS OV MOTHS. band, and the tips, bluish black ; the antennt.tl.>w; abdomen with five yellow rings ; feet tawny, with black joints. Not scarce. Coombe and Darenth woods, Cheltenham, and in Clapham Park wood. The Currant Hawk {M. TipulifmmiH, Lbach) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch two-thirds to five-sixths, blue black J first pair with the margin, tip, and line on the disc as in the preceding; tip with streaks of gold yellow; abdomen with a black tuft at the tail, and the alternate segments yellow. Cater- pillar^ solitary, rather hairy, whitish, head and legs brownish, with an obscure line on the back ; feeds upon the pith of the currant tree. Common. York, and near Newcastle, London, The Red Belted Hawk {/E. MutiUaformis, Curtis) appears in June. Wings one inch two-thirds to five-sixths, blue black j first pair above with tlie nervures, margins, tip, and broad slanting band on the disc, bluish black, beneath golden yellow j second pair with the upper edge golden yellow, a spot and margin.s bluish black; abdomen shining, with a yellow ring. Not abundant. Near London, Hertford, Ripley, and Dublin. Tub Gnat Hawk {M. CuUci/ormis, Stei-hens) appears in June. Wings five-sixths to one inch, bluish black ; tlie palpi tawny underneath. Caterpillar, dingy white, with the head rusty brown ; feeds under the bark of fruit trees. Chrysalis brown, the segments fringed. Scarce. Near London and Dublin. The Stomoxvs Hawk (^. Siomoxt//&rmiSt Stephens) ap- peal's the beginning of July. W ings eleven and one half lines, like the preceding. Corselet with two orange tawny Unesj the abdomen with a belt, and spots on the sides, tawny orange. Rare. Gravcsend. Curtis says this is the female of /.£''• ^u- tiltis/ormis. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 29 Thk Ant Hawk {^. Formici/ormis, Lkach) appears the middle of June. Wings eight to ton and a half lines, blue- black ; first pair with the upper edge and a slanting line on the disk, orange brown, with the tip flEime yellow ; second pair with the nervurea and margins brown j the abdomen black, with a broad flame-red belt, the tuft at the tail black, with a white streak on each side. Not common. Ireland, Lincolnshire, and near Lhnehouse. TnB Day Vly Hawk (^. Ephemeraiformis). Antenna pecti- nated; the tip hairy; wings blue-black, with yellowish brown nervures; abdomen without belts. Very rare. Yorkshire. BOMBYCINA (Rrnnie). HEPILADJE (Stephens). HEPIALUS (Fabricius). Tub Golden Swift {Hepialus Heotua, Fabricius) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch to one inch one-third; first pair very bright yellow in the male, ashy-brown in the female, with tliree slanting bands of gold yellow spots ; tiie second pair dingy. Not rare. Cumberland, Devonshire, near Lomlon. Thk Variable Swift (W. lupxitinusy Fabricius) appears the end of May. Wings, male one inch to one inch one-fourth, female one Inch one-fourth to seven-twelfths ; first pair yellow in the male, dusky-ash in the female, with a central streak, and two bands white ; the external one Interrupted with a row of spots ; the second pair ash-coloured. Catei-pillar dusky, with black spots. Not uncommon in grassy meatlows. Thk Guost Swift (H, HumuU, Fabricius) appears the middle of June. Wings, male one inch two-thirds to two inches one-twelfth, female one inch five-sixths to three inches ; snowy white in the male ; the female has the first pair yellow, with streaks or spots} second pair dusky. Caterpillar, cream-coloured, with a brown head ; feeds on the roots of the hop and burdock. Chrysalis dai'k brown. Common in churchyards, whence its name. Scotland, Ireland, near London. TuK Beautiful Swift (H. Velleda, Haworth) appears the middle of June. Wings of the male one inch four-sixths to five-sixths, female two inches one-sixth to one half; varied with yellow, livid, and white, with a row of white or silvery spots on the hinder margin, and brown spots on the upper edge. Caterpillar is said to feed on the fern. Local. Dorcnth, York, Cheshire, Derbyshire, Wilts, Kent, Scotland. Tub Livin Swift (H. carnus, Fabricius). Wings, of the male one inch two-thirds to fivc-sLxths, female two inches one- fourth to two-thirds, livid ; first pair, clouded \vith white and yellow, with a series of pale spots on the inner edge ; nearly siJotless in the female. North of England, Warwick. Perhaps a variety of H. Velleda. 30 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. Thk Okanoe Swift {H. splvinvs, Ochsbnhkimer) appears in August and September. Wiiigs of the male one inch to one inch one-third, female one inch one-half to five-sixths ; mole above yellowish-brown, with a wavy slanting wliite streak at the base, and another at the hinder marEin ; a small indistinct brown spot on the disc, bound internally with white near the centre. The female has a large patch of dingy white at the base, and a row of darkish spots on the upper edge. Second pair brown, with a yellowish margin. Not rare. Lee, Bii'chwood, near Hertford, Stoke Newington, and York. ZEUZERA (LATBIKLI.K.) The Wood Leopahd {Zeuzera Msculi, Latrkille) appears in July. Wings of the male two inches one-sixteenth, female two inches two-thirds to five-sixths ; somewhat naked, and trans- lucent ; snowy- white, with the veins and upper edge yellowish ; tliickly scattered over with numerous bluish-black spots. Second pair more faintly, and not so numerously spotted, except on the margins ; siJotless at the inner angle. Thorax white, with twelve black spots. Caterpillar, deep yellow, dotted with black, heart and tail black ; feeds on the wood of the pear and apple, walnut, elm, lime, horse-chestnut, ash, beech, birch, oak, &c. Chri/snlis pale brown. Rather rare. Norfolk, Warwick, Wilts, Essex, Cam- bridge, and Surrey. COSSUS (Fabricius). Thk Goth Moth (Cosatis ligniperda, Fabricius) appears the end of June and beginning of July. Wings ofthe male two inches five-tenths to three inches one-fourth, female three inches one- half to three-fourths i clouded with grey and brown, witli nu- merous slanting black streaks : corselet whitish, viith a poste- rior black band. Caterpillar, dull yellow, with a brown-red back, yellowish underneath, head black, with eight brown spiracles on each side ; feeds upon oak, willow, aspen, and poplar. Ptipa brown, witli indented fringes to the segments. Not common. Near London, Kingston, Bottisliam, and Deptford. NOTODONTID^ (Stephens). PVG^RA (OCHSBNHKIMBR). The Buff Tip {Pygara bucephalit, Ocuseniieimer) appears the middle or end of June. Wings of the male two inches one- sixth to one-half, female two inches two-thirds to eleven- twelfths. First pair silvery ash, with a double anterior streak, rust-co- loured black ; also a double posterior streak, interrupted and more wavy black, rust- coloured, with a largo yellow spot at the tip. Caterpillnr, hairy, dusky yellow, iiliovo spi)lU'il with black, head black, with a yellow spot, k-g.-^ imtwardly black, inwardly yellow; feeds on the lime, oak, willow, eUk-r, elm, and chestnut. Pupa subterraneous, brown spotted with yellow. Common. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 31 CI.OSTERA. The Rust Tip (Clnstera anaxtomosis (Stephens). Said to be British ou very doubtful authority. TiiK Rkci.usk [CloHtera rec/iua, Stkprbns) appears the end of May. Wings of the mate one inch to one inch one-sixteenth, female one inch to one inch one-fourth ; brown ; first pair aahy-brown, with four anastomosing white streaks, a reddish- brown patch near the tip, and a white marginal spot. Second p^ dark brown. Caterpillar, brown, witli abroad line on the back, ycUowish-white, the sides with a chain-like series of yel- low circles ; feeds ou tlie aspen in September. Pupa brown. Rare. Uarenth and Birch woods, Epping:, Cambridge, and Dublin. Tub Anchorbt {CL anaehoreta, Stkphkns). Wings of the male one inch one-fourth, female one inch one-third ; grey, \vith lour whitish streaks, the fourth wavy, and passing over the rusty-brown spot at the tip ; towards the posterior angle two black spots, the inner one largest. Caterpillar, brown, hairy, witli a flesh-coloured streak on the back, with two warts, and spots on the sides yellow ; feeds on willows and poplars. Pupa brown. Very rare. Tub Chocolatb Tip {CL curtula, Stephens) appears the end of April or beginning of May. Wings of the male one inch one- third to five-twelfths, female one inch one-third to one-half; greyish-ash ■. first pair with four nearly strait!:lit wliitisli streaks; the tip rciUli.sli-hrown, with an indistinct row ni live iliiiKV spots. Caterpillar, solitary, hairy, ash-coloured, witli (our rows of rust- red spots, feeds upon poplars and willows in September. Not common. Near London, Wanstcad, and Coleshiil. EPISEMA (Ochsbnueimer). TiiK Bi.ACK Thorn {Episema ceeruleocephala, Ochsenhei- mkr) appears the middle of August and in September. Wings of the male one inch one-fourth to five-twelfths, femal, one inch one-third to one-half; ashy-grey, rather oblonge, with confluent whitish points between two brownish streaks, and an ashy marginal band. Female rather darker. Caterpillar, smooth, bluish, with yellow lines and black spots ; feeds on the white tlioru, black thorn, and fruit trees. Pupa brown, within a strong silken web. Common. Near London. CERURA (SCHRANK). The Twin Point {Ccrura hicmpia, Stkphbns) appears in July. Wings of the male one inch one-sixth to five-twelfUis, female one inch one-third to one-half; snowy- white; first pair, tlie base and liinder margin, spotted with black, with a slanting aan-coloxu-ed waved band. Second pair witli a central spot, and neryures dingy yeUow. Catei-pillar, saflron-yellow, with three rcridish.brown spots on the sides, greenish underneath, feeds on walow. Rare. Darcnth Wood, and near Dublin. 32 CONSPECTUS or moths. TiiK Entiiie (C. Integra, Stephens). Wings one inch seven- twelfths ; whitish ; nrst pair spotted with blaclj at the base and posterior margin, followed by a slanting ashy band, margined on botli sides with black : corselet ash-grey, with three slanting black bands. Caterpillar ) green, with a violet purple spot, and a series of red spots on the back, margined with yellowish; feeds on bircli. Rare. Coombe Wood ? The Kitten (C./M)'c«(a, Schrank) appears in July. Wings of the male one inch one-sixth to one-third, female one inch one-fourth to onc.half; grey ; first pair, with black spots at the base and hinder margin, with a central ashy band, terminated by several dingy streaks ; a row of dingy spots on the margin, and whitish fringe : corselet anteriorly grey, with a black .slanting band ; po.stcriorly brown. Catcrfiillar, green, smooth, solitary, with a forked tail ■, feeds on various species of willow, aspen, and poplar. Pupa brown, in a hard ca-se. Rare. Near London, at Coombe and Darenth woods, Hertford, Ripley, Epping Forest, York, and ColeshiU. The Bow (C. arcuata, Stephens). Wings one inch live, twelfths 1 dingy a.sh ; first pair with black spots like the preced- ing, with a narrow slanting ashy band, margined with black, with a posterior waved streak of bowlikc lines : corselet ante- riorly ashy-grey. Caterpillar, pale green, with a bluish back, sides with a white fui-row, spotted witli red ; feeds upon willows. Rare. Coombe Wood. The Broad Bar (C. lalifascia, Curtis). Wings one incli seven-twelfths to two-thirds i whitish; like the preceding, wltll a broad ashy band, varied witli orange, and bordered with black ; corselet bluish-black, with two faint orange bands, anteriorly ashy-grey. Rare. Near London, Linton, and North Devon. The Kittenet (C. fuseinula, Stephens) appears in July. Wings of the male one inch two-thirds, female one inch two- thirds to five-twelfths ; whitish j first pair with the base and posterior margin spotted with black, with an ashy slanting band, waved outwardly i collar grey. Caterpillar, emerald green, wiUi brown head and blue back, feeds on birch and oak. Rare. Ncai London, Darenth Wood, and Epping Forest. The Ci,ept (C. Iii/ida, Leach). Wings of the male one incli two-thirds ; female one inch five-sixths to eleven-twelfths ; wnit- ish J first pau- with the base and posterior margin spotted witn black, and an ashy-gi-cy slanting band bordered with black. The second pair with an orange border : corselet grey, strcakco with black and orange. Rare. Near London, Darenth Wood, and nearLimchonse. The Puss (C. Vinula, ScnnAVK) appears the end of Mnf and beginning of August. Win-- ..f tlv mnl.. two inches one- half to three quarters, fcmnli- II ■ 'i -twelfth to one- third) wlUte ashy-grey in tin i i i n' with the upptj edge spotted with black i ncrvui. ,.!; .,. , , ,,o convergent ana slanting rows of black spots neai Uiu l.iu,e, loUowcd by a brown waved streak ; towards the middle a black crescent, pointing oui- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 33 waids 1 between which and the tip are two very acutely waved brownish slanting streaks ; second pair with a dingy crescent spot on the disc, and one or two spots on the hinder margin, to- wards the posterior angle. Caterpillar, solitary, green, with a brownish back ; feeds on the poplar, willow, and sallow. Pupa Ijrown, enclosed in a hard case. Not common in many parts of England. York, Cambri Herts, Kent, and Surrey. ERIOGASTER (Gkrmar). Thb Small EooEit {Eriogustei- LanestriSy Gbumar) appears in February and March. Wings of the male one inch one-sixth to one-third, female one inch onc-lialf to five-sixths ; pale red ; first pair with a large spot at the base, a spot on the disc, and an indistinctly indented streak towards the hinder margin, all white; second pair pale ash coloured in tlie male, grey in female. Caterpillar, at first social, hairy, black, witli three white spots on each ring, between two red spots ; feeds upon sloe, birch, lime, willow, fruit trees, white thorn, &c. Pupa brown. Rather scarce. Essex, Kent, Herts, and Cambridge. CNETHOCAMPA (Stbphens). The Procession {Cnethocampa Provessionea, STEpnBNS). Said to be British on doubtful authority. The Pine Procession {On. Pityocampa, Stephens) appears in summer. Wings one inch two-thirds ; first pair grey with three dusky waved streaks ; second pair pale, with a dusky blotch at the hinder angle. Caterpillar, blackish, with a whitish line on the sides, with yellow hairs on the back, and white on the sides; feeds on various kinds of pine and fir. Pupa brown. Very rare. Devonshire. CLTSIOCAMPA (Ci/RTiS). The GHOUNn Lackbv (CUsiocampa castremis, Curtis) ap- pears on the sea coast in August. Wings of the male one inch one-sixth to one-third, female one inch one-half to tliree-fourtha; first pair pale straw-colour, with two red streaks, and clouded with red j itinge pale yellow, spotted with red. Caterpillar, bluisli, with red and black streaks on the back, and red lines on the sides ; feeds on various plants, sca>wormwood, birch, plan- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 39 tain, carrot, &c. Pupa dark-coloured. Rare. Essex, Kent, and Devonshire. Tub Lackby (C(. Neustria, Curtis) appears in July and August. Wings of tlie male one inch one-fourth to one-half, female one inch one-half to five-sixths; grey, with a darker central hand, and pale terminal streak on both sides. Cater- pillar, grcgai-ious, yellow, with three red lines on the sides, and a white one on the back ; feeds on oak, hazel, sloe, and fruit trees. Pupa brown. Very abundant in the south. EUTRICHA (Stephens). Tub Pink Lapprt {Eulriclia Pini, Stephens) appears in July. Wings of the male two inches seven-twelfths to five-sixths, female three inches one-half to two thirds ; greyish ; first pair, with a large triangular white spot before the middle, then an indistinct pale ash-coloured band ; beyond the middle a rusty- brown band, margined on each side with grey, second pair deeper grey and spotless. Caterpillar, variegated witll white, grey, and brown, with bluish rings and red spots on the sides ; feeds on various species of pine. Pupa brown. Rare. Norfolk, and Surrey. ODONESTIS (Grrmab). The DttiNKER Moth iOdonestis potatoria, Gkbmar) appears in July Wings of the male two inches one-third to one-half, female two inches two-thirds to three inches ; grey, sprinkled with yeUow, with two dusky-brown streaks, and a spot and crescent white. Egg large, flat, and bluish wliite. Caterpillar, dusky-brown, sides spotted with white; feeds on diiferent spe- cies of grass, and Uvcs tJirough the winter. Pupa brown. Very common in lanes and hedge roads. GASTROPACHA, (Ochsenhklmeb). The Lappet (Gastropacha Qiiercifulia, Ochsenheimkr) ap- pears in May. Wings of the male two inches one-fourtll to five- sixths, female three inches one-sixth to one-tliird ; dingy red, indented ; first pair with three slanting wavy streaks, and a minute central dingy spot ; second pair spotless. Caterpillar, dingy brown, witli blue bands ; feeds on white thorn, willow rose, &c. Pupa brown, with red bands. Rather scarce. Herts, Essex, Surrey, and Lincoln. The Ilex-lkab (G. Hicifolia, Ochsenheimeb); and The Popi.ab-i.eap (G. /■opu/i/o(io,OcHSKNnElMER). Said to be British on doubtful authority. ARCTIJD/E (Leach). HYPOGYMNA (Hubneb). , The Gipsky (Hypogymmi Dhpar, Huiiner) aPP^,*", '" ^u- gust. Wings of tlie male one inch one-half to two inciies ont- 4" CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. twelfth, female one liich two-tliircis to three inches one-twelfth- the male clouded with ^rc-y ami hrowii , the ffmale whitial with black streaks. C„l,;/n/l„r ^-y black, with white lines anteriorly blue, and posteriorly red ; feeds on the elm, oak, lime' fruit trees, fic. Pupa brown. Very local. Surrey, Huutini,-; denshire, and Wlilttlesca-Merc. »"u"iit PSlr.tlRA (Stephkv:,;-ih„,. Stephkns) appears in July. Wmgs of the male one i,i,-h tw>,4hirds to five sixths female one inch two-thirds to t«-„ indu-H „„L-^six-th, ashy-brownl first pairspnnkled with black, will, lvv„ dark bniwn streaks, and two slanting dingy spots near the hinder margin; second pair ". , "" indistmet darker marginal band. CaterpUlar, with tulla of hair, tipped with red, and white fur tufts on the back, with a brown tuft on the head and at the taU ; feeds on various plants, trefoil, dandelion, hop, bramble, oak, &e. Pupa hairy brown with a pale line on the back. Not common. Bedfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. Tub VKI.I.OW Tussock (D. pudihmda, STKpnEvs) appears in June. Wings of the male one inch two-thirds to eleven Uvclfths, female one inch flve-sixths to two inches one-sixth, ashywliite- flrst pair with three transverse dusky waved streaks, and a mar- ginal row of dingy spots ; second jiair with a central dingy crescent. Cater,,ma,; hairy, yeUow, with a large red tuft on the tail, and four white ones on the back ; feeds on various trees in f»H^T ■"• '"' f "S'os.^'l in a case, anteriorly black, pos. teriorly brown, spotted with yellow. Not scarce. Essex, Kent, and Hampshire. COLOCASIA 'nr„,j,.-vnniMEn) The Nut-TRKE Tu-;^ r,,/ ,,„ Cir,,/! Orn^Eviicvnnl tT''Zl""= "^^^T'"'' •' '■"' '" ' '""""^of Ju"y Wiigs" fn,Uh^^« "V^'ir"' '"' ''-"f' female one inch one- fourth to five-twelfths; liii.l li.iu .ujuiiorly brown with a black rfinlv?)! r^I,"'^ small hlolc-l.cs; i.osteriorly ash coloured, with a of Sr^i H "I' T™" '^'■™''' '■"''■'•/"■«'"■, red, with tia tufts m, h^l? "I"', "'^''' 'T "" """ '*" a"'l two on the neck ; feeds Z«„T 1 > ''■'•'''■x, ^"'"' '■"■'osod in acase; anteriorly black, posteriorly brown. Not common. Kent, Sun-ey, and near Dublin. CONSPECTTJS or MOTHS. 41 ORGYIA (OCRSBNHSIMER). The Vapourkr (Orgpia antiqua, Ochskniikimer) appears from Jiily to October. Wing's, none in the female, one inch two-sixths to one-half in tiie mnle, rust-brown; first pair cloutlctl witli brown, with a very white crescent near the pos- terior angle ; second pair paler and spotless. Caterpillar, dusky spotted with red, with four white tufts on the back ; feeds on white and black thorn, and various other trees. Pupa dingy and yellow. Common near London. Thk Obangk Tussock (0. Gonostigmaf Ociisknheimbr) ap- pears from June till the end of August. Wings, none in the female, one inch one-fourth to seven-twelfths in tlie male, brown ; first pair with two opposite white spots, one in the pos- terior angle, and tiie other at the thicker margin. Caterpillar, greg-aiioiis, with eight white tufts on the back, with two black gnes on the neck and one on the tail ; feeds on a vaiiety of plants. Pupa yellow, posteriorly yeUow. Scarce. OxfordsliJre, Kent, and Surrey. LMIAA (STBpnENS). The WhittlksbaEkmink {Lalia C^nosn, Sthpuens) appears in July. Wings of the male one inch seven -twelfths to three- fourths, female one inch one-half to three- four tlis, pale yellow, ish-brown ; first pair, the hinder margin with a row of in- distinct dingy spots ; female white, with the legs and palpi yellow. Caterpiifar, dingy, spotted with ycUow, with four yellow tufts on the back, two dark ones on the Jiead, and one on the tail ; feeds on burr-reed. Pupa deep black, enclosed in a spindle-shaped cocoon. Local. Whittlesea-Mere. LEUCOMA (STHPnEvs). The Black V. (Leucoma Vniz-ui-'v^f. ■^■r,--Puy.ys) appears in August. Wings of the male onr m i- Um.. t His, female one inchlivc-sixths, snow-wliitc, witli 11. n H'iilly yellowish, anda small black V. in tlie ccnlii >. ^\ m. Cnterpiltm; with eight tufts on the bapk, ul wlu^h Uk U\o tirst and last The Satin {L. Salicts, Stephens) appears in July. Wings of the male one inch one-half to fivc-sixtlis, female one inch five- sixths to two inches, of a rich glossy white; tlie antenna: with black plumelets, aiul the legs with black rings. Caterpillar, hairy, blackish, spotted with red, with a row of white spots on the back : feeds on willows and poplars. Pvjm hairy, dusky, en- dosed in a cocoon. Verj' common. Mid{llesex,Kent, and Surrey. PORTHESIA (Stephens). The Gold Tail {Port/iesia Chrysorrhena, Stephens) appears the end of July and beginning of August. Wings of the male one inch one-fourth to seven-twehths, female one inch seven- twelfths to five sixths, snow-white, with a dark spot at the pos- terior angle of the tirst pair ; the plumelets of the antenna: dusky yellow. Catei-piliar, gregarious, hairy, blackish, with two red 42 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS, lines on the back, and white tiifts on the sides : feeds on white and black thorn, elm, oak, fruit trees, &c. Pupa dingy, enclosed in a case. Abundant. Yorksliire, Essex, Middlesex, Kent, and Surrey. The Brown Tail (P. Aurifiiia, Stephens) appears in August. Wings of the male one inch one-third to one-half, female one inch one-half to two-thirds, above pure white ; first pair beneath with a dusky cloud on the upper edge in the male ; the plumelets of the antenna; and tuft at the tail yellowish-brown. Caterpillar similar to the preceding. Abundant. Near London, York, New- castle-upon-Tyne, Kent, and Surrey, HYPERCAMPA (Hubner). '' The Scarlet Tiger {Hypercampa'Dominula, Stephens) ap. pears in June. Wings two inches to two inches one-sixth ; first pair black, having a glossy greenish tinge, with several yellowish white spots ; second pair cinnabar red, and spotted with black. Caterpittm; hairy, black, with three yellow streaks and white spots : feeds on willow, Ewh, hound*s-tongue, nettle, 8:c. I'upa brown, in a loose web on the ground. Not common. Near London, York, Cambridge, Oxford, Devonshire, and Hampshire. EUTHEMONIA (Stephens). The CLounEn Buff {Euthemoma J?tt«.?w^«, Stephens) appears in June. Wings of the male one inch one-half to threc-fourtha, female one inch one-third to five-sixths ; buff" orange, with the margins and a central cresctMit, blood red. The female smaller than the male, with the ncrvurcs and the crescent reddish. Caterpillar, dingy, with yellow spots on the sides; feeds on grasses, &c. Pupa reddish- brown; in a web on the ground. Not very common. Darenth Wood and the New Forest; York, Cambridge, and Surrey. ARCTTA CStephens). The Great Tioer (Arctia Caja, Schrank) appears towards the end of July. Wings of the male two inches two-thirds to eleven-twelfths, female two inches three-fourths to three inches; reddish-brown, with white waved streaks ; second pair red, witb about six round bluish-black spots ; abdomen red, with a row 0/ black spots. Caterpillar, solitary, black, hairy, with three ele- vated bluish warts on the sides of the segments : feeds ou lettuce, chickweed, and various other plants. Pupa black or brown, enclosed in a case. Common. Scotland and England. The Small Matron (A. Matronula, Schrank), said to be British on doubtful autliority. The Crbam-Pot Tiogr (A. Villica, Schrank) appears the middle or end of June. Wings of the male two inches one- twelfth to one-third, female two inches one-sixth to one-half; first pair very black, marked with eight yellowish- white spots; second pair yellow, spotted with black. Caterpillar, dingy, hairy. Bpotted with red i heatl and legs red; feeds on chickweed, and CONSPECTUS OF M0TII3. 43 various plants. Pu/jn black, enclosed in a case. Rather scarce. About London, Hertfordsliire, Suffolk, Cambridge, Kent, and Surrey. Tun Hedk, the Purple, and the Couktier (/I. Heie, A. Purpurea, and A. Aulica, Schrank). Said to be British on doubtfiil authority. NEMEOPHILA (Stephens). The Wood Tioer ^Nemeophita I'lantagiim, Stephens) ap- pcara the middle or end of June. Wings of tlic male one inch one half to two-thirds, female one inch seven-twelfths to five- sixtlis i first pair black, irreifularly streaked with yellow ; second pair red or yellow, with irregular long black streaks and spots. Caterpillar, black, with the six middle segments yellow ; feeds on plantain. Pupa dark. Not common. Yorkshire, Westmore- land, Kent, and Surrey. PHRAGMATOBIA (Stephens). The Ruby Tjoer [Phrngmatohia fuliginma, Stephens) ap- pears the beginning of July. Wings flve-sixtlis to one inch one-half; first pair of a reddish-brown, with two black spots in the centre ; second pair red, with a row of black spots towards tUc hinder margin i abdomen above red, with a row of black spots. Caterpillar, rust red, with the head and fore-legs black : feeds on plantain, dock, nettle, &c. Not common. Dublin, Durham, Yorkshire, Hertfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. SPILOSOMA (Stephens;. The Grbat Ermine (Snihsama Menthrnsti, Stephens) ap- pears in May. Wings of the male one inch one-half to three- ri'iiiilis, female one inch one-half to eleven-twelfths, whitish, < I with black, and having several black lines towards the liur margin; antenniE black; the abdomen above yellow, 1 111 live rows of black spots ; the fore-legs yellow. Caterpillar hairy, bro\vn, with a red streak on the sides. Pupa sub- terraneous, reddish, in a loose cocoon. Not scarce. Near London, York, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Epping, and Cambridge- shire. The Dinov White (S/j. Urticoe, Stephens). Wings one inch seven-twelfths, whitish ; first pair with a minute black dot on the disc ; second pair with three dusky spots ; the antenna: white. Caterpillar, similar to the preceding. Rare. Epping Forest, and Yorkshire. TnE Watek Erbiine (S;). Papyriiiia, Stephens) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds, wliite ; first pair with three or four black spots on the disc, and a streak of black spots (about ten in number) towards the tip ; second pair generally spotless ; the corselet and tip of the abdomen snow white. Caterpillar, deep brown : feeds on water-mint, white ladies bcd-straw, &c. Pupa dusky. Rather rare. Near London. 44 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. Tub Spotted Bukf (Sp. lu/irlnrpedii, Stbphens) appears in June. Wings of the male one incli one-lmlf to three-fourths, female one ineh two-tliirils to live.sixlh.s, buff eolour ; ftr.st palj with a slanting interrupted streak of black spots beliind tin centre ; seeond pair generally without spots ; abdomen with Bvt TOWS of blaek dots. Caterpillar, yellowish, with a whitish line on the sides; feeds on various herbaeeous plants. Pupa subter- raneous, enclosed in a case. Common. Durham, York, Cam. bridge, Middlesex, and Devonshire. The Raved Bupp (.S;;. railiata, Stephens). The fia-st pairol wings black, with a large spot, and streaks of yellow. Rare. Yorkshire. DIAPHOHA (Stephens). The Spotted Musiin {Diaphora mendica, Stephens) appean the middle of May. Wings of the male one inch one-sixth to one-third, female one inch one third to one-half-, first pair in the male blackish, in the female white, with six or seven black scattered spots ; second pair with three or four spots near the hinder margin > tlie abdomen white, with five rows of black spots : legs yellow. Cuterpitlar, ash-coloured ; feeds on varioui water plants. Pupa brown, enclosed in a case. Rather un. common. Yorkshire, Norfolk, Essex, and Kent. PENTHOPHERA (Germak). The Red Moth {Pent/mpAera Ruiia, Germar). Not Britiab. The Neoro (.Pmlh. nigricans, Curtis) appears in June. Wings one inch one-sixth, brownish-black, with a yellowish tint j the fringes and ncrvures darker ; the feet silvery ■, the legs and margins of the four or five last rings of the abdomen obscure yellow. Rare. Dorsetshire. PSYCHE (Schrank). The Brown Muslin (Psyche fusca, Schrank) appears the end of June and beginning of July. Wings of tlie male eight lines to nine one-half, female t\vo lines to two one-half ; pale irrcjish-brown, without spots; the abdomen ash-coloured. The female without wings. Caterpillar feeds on the sallow and hazel in June and the autumn, living in a case formed of pieca of leaves. Very local. Highgate, Middlesex. FUMEA (Haworth). The SniNiNo Neoro {Fiimea nitida, Haworth) appears in July. Wings five lines to five one-half, of a bright brown, ra- ther longish, with the margins ash-coloured. Caterpillar, yel- lowish, with the head and a line on the three first segments chest- nut coloured. Pupa brown, in a case formed of bits of grass and leaves. Rare. Kent. The S.iiAi.i. Neoro (F. Ptilla, Stephens) appears in June- Wings five lines, rounded, deep brown, without spots, and with hairy margins ; antennse rather pectinated. Rare. Kent. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 45 TnB Nbobo Bov (F. Muscclta, STitpneNs) appears in June Wings five lines one-half to six Unes. sliKhtly oblong, deep black' transparent, unspotted ; the body covered with hair ■ tlie anten- nae brown. Not common. Essex, Hertfordslure, and Kent. The Thanspabent Neoro (,F. Bomhrnella, Stephens). Wines six Unes to six one-half, rounded, sUghtly transparent, livid spnnitled with brown. Very rare. The Lioht Neoro (F. pcctinea, Stephens). Wings one-half Inch, roimded, ashy.brown, transparent, unspotted, margined with brown. Very rare. NUDARIA (Haworth). The Musi.in INmlnriu mmula. Ha worth) appears in Julyand August. Wings nuic to eleven lines, blunt, dingy white • first pair with two waved brown streaks, and a brown spot betweeu them; second pair spotless. Culerpiltur, brown, haii-y feeds upon Mchens. />«/)« brown. Not uncommon. Hertfordshire Cheshire, Kent, and Surrey. Tub Lacb-wino (AT. Hemerobia, Stephens) appears the end of July. VVings one-half inch to nve-sixths, transparent, spotless. witli scaly margin and yeUowish fringe. Not common. Kent. The ANTiyuE Muslin (iV. Senex, Stephens) appears in J.ily. Wmers two-thirds to three-fourths of an inch, rounded, dingy yoUowi flr.st pair with a dingy spot a little beyond the middle, beyond winch there is a very indistinct arched streak, composed of dusky dots, or small dingy lines ; second pair with a crescent- like dingy spot ui the centre. Rare. Cambridgeslure and Surrey. HETEROGENA (Knoch). Tre AsEi.r.UB (Helerogma Aseltus, Stephens). Wings one- half inch to three-quarters, of a glossy brown, spotless, with dusky ringe. Citerpillar. egg-shjped, red, with a yellow^ne »!?'"»'""'',""""'''' '^"' """"• ' '"« '"l''^ S"'™ ! f^ls on the poplar, I'upn brown, enclosed in a case. Local. New Forest, near Lyndhurst and Kimpton. "i-w rorest, LIMACODES (Latrkille). IHE Festoon (Umacodm Tesludo, Stephens) anncars the end Vs.- rl'^i^l "' ^"^u""^/ t^o.il»Ms of an' in'SiTekven nov «,'./,? '^"""yS-f'""'^"'''"' '""^ *° oneone-thiril, yellowish a,t.L^ , ''"■■ ";,"■ ^'' sl™ti"S Ousky streaks ; coloiu- deeper in whiSii.r"'- '^"'^"'"'■•?™™.<^Kgshaped,smooth, withes «6>hsli Unes on the back; feeds on the oak. Kare. Norfolk, 46 CONSPECTUS OF M0TI19. NOCTUINA (Rennie). LITHOSIIDJE CStbphhns). CALLIMORPHA (Latreillk). The Cinnabar Moth (CnlUmorp/ia Jacobas^, Latheillb) ap. pears in May. Wings one inch one-half to eleven-twelfths ; first pair brown on both surfaces, with a streak and two spots of a blood-red colour ; second pair blood-red, irregularly dusky at the upper edge, fringe ashy-brown. Caterpillar, hairy, black, with yellow rings ; feeds ou the flowers of the rag- wort. Pupa blunt, reddish, enclosed in a slight cocoon. Not common. Near Lon. don, Yorkshire, Cambridgeshu'e, Suffolk, Devon, Somersetshire, Cork, and Bute. The Rose Wing C^- rosea, Latreillk) appears the end of June and beginning of July. Wings five-sixths of an inch to one one-third ; red, or rose colour ; first pair with tliree waved, slanting, blackish streaks, the last of which is near the hinder margin, and composed of distinct black dots. Caterpillar, brown, with whitish tufts; head reddish-brown, with orange down; feeds on birch, ash, and oak. Pupa brown, acute, enclosed in a strong web formed of silk and hair. Not common. Yorkshire, Heitfordshire, and Middlesex. EULEPIA, (Curtis.) The Frathkred Lackey (Eulepia Gmmmica, Curtis) ap- pears in October. Wings one inch one-third to one half, yellow; first pair streaked with black, with a black spot towards the hin- der margin ; second pair with a central crescent and margins black. Caterpillar, brown, with a yellow streak on the back, the sides with two lines, one white and one yellow ; the legs orange- red; feeds on black thorn, plantain, &c. Pupa dusky. Rare. Berkshire and Anglesea. The Sieve Lackey {Eu. Cribrum, Curtis) appears in June. Wings one inch one-third to one-half, ashy grey, first pair witli slanting rows of black spots ; second pair darker. The corselet white, with black spots. Caterpillar when young deep black. Very local. Parley Heath, Hampshire. DEIOPEIA, (Stephens). The Pretty Crimson {Deiopeia pulchella, Stephens) appears the end of September. Wings one inch five-t\velfths to tliree- fourths ; first pair straw yellow, with very numerous black and red square spots, disposed nearly in a slanting arched scries; second pair snow-white, with a central blotch, and the hinder margins black. Caterpillar, bluish gray, with black and red spots, and a broad white stripe down the back ; feeds on mouse- ear, and forget-me-not. Rare. Yorkshire, Hampshire, and Sussex. , LITHOSIA (Fabricius). The Orange Lackey {Lithosia Aureola^ OcBSENU£iMER)ap CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 47 pears the middle of July. Wings five-sixths of an inch to one inch one-sixth ; orange-yellow ; first pair beneath with a very broad dingy patch, leaving the margins only yellow. Second pair paler. Caterjiillnr, black, with three pale yellow stripes on the back, and some white spots on the tail ; feeds on the spruce and Scotch fir. Rare. Kent and Surrey. TiiK Flat Lackkv (L. Itelmlit, Ociiskniikimer). Wings three-fourths of an inch to one inch one-sixth ; pale yellow, with ashy and yellow margins, and yellow fringes. Vei7 Rare. Es- sex and Hampshire. Tbb Straw Lackey {L.flam, Fabricius). Wings one inch onc-tliird to one-half; straw colour on botli surfaces, and with- out spots. Rare. Kent and Hampshire. TheCinkreousLackey(Z.. G«iieo/», Ochsenheimer). Wings one inch one-third to one-half ; first pair pale buff colour, ashy beneath ; second pair pale yellow on both surfaces. Very rare. Kent. The Lead-coioured Lackey (t. complana, HAWoRTui ap pears the end of July or beginning of August. Wings one inch to one inch one-third ; first pair lead colour, witli the upper edge, and second pair on both sides yellow. Caterpillar, black, with two yellow streaks on the back, spotted with red and white, with a slight yellow line on each side j feeds on the oak, ash, poplar, sloe, &c. i'»/;>« reddish-brown. Not uncommon. York- shire, Essex, Devonsliire, Kent, and Surrey. The Bufp Laceev (i. depressa, Ochsenheimer) appears the middle of July. Wings one inch one-half j first pair pale lead- coloured ash, with the upper edge yellow ; second pair on both surfaces yellow, with the base ashy. Caterpillar greyish-brown, with the back yellow, with black spots : feeds on the Scotch fir. Pupa reddish. Rare. Kent. The Dun Lackby (L. friseola, Haworth) appears the end of July or beginning of August. Wings one inch one-quarter to one half; first pan- with the upper edge straw- yellow. Second pair paler, with a tinge of yeUow. Rather rare. Hertfordshire. The Pale Lkaoen (L. plumbeolata, Stephens). Wings one inch five-twelfths to one-half; first pair of a pale lead-colour, with the upper edge slightly tinged with yeUow ; second pair yeUowish-grey. Rare. Near London. The Pearl Lackey (L, musnerda, OcHSENnKiMEa). Wings one inch one-third > ashy ; first pair with several small black oots disposed towards the tip and middle : second pair spotless. Very rare. Norfolk. r i- »». The July Lackey (L. quadra. Fa bricius) appears tile middle 01 July. Wings of the male one inch two-thirds to five-sixths j lemale one inch two-thirds to two inches ; first pair of the male yellowish grey, deep yeUow at the base, with the upper edge wuc-biack ; of the female bright yellow, with two deep blue spots m the middle. Caterpillar, dusky, with red dots and a 48 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. black spot on the back, and black lines on the sides j feeds on birch, flr, &c. Pupa black, in a strong- web. Plentiful. Essex/ Kent, Surrey, Suffolk, Devonshire. GNOPHRIA CStephkvs). Tub Black Lackby (Grto/j/mre fl?/AnVo//w,STBpHBNS) appears the middle of July. Winffs one inch one-twelfth to one-third, black, with the anterior margin of the corselet blood-red. Ca- terpillar, hairy, blackish, with deep black bands; head-pitch black and two white streaks : feeds on various kinds of lichens in June. Pjipa reddish-brown, in a grey web in July. Not scarce. Essex and Kent. SETINA (Stkphbns). The DB\y Lackev {Sutinairrorca, Schranr) appears in June. WtngBofthemalc one inch to one inch one-fourth, female three- fourths to one inch, yellow; first pair with tlircc slanting streaks of black spots ; second pair witli very few sjiots ; corselet and extremity of the abdomen orange yellow. Cttlfrpilftir black, with yellow stripes on the back and sides ; feeds on lichens. Pupa red-brown. Rare. Kent. The Small Drw Lackky (S. rosclda, Schrank). Wingsof the male five-sixths to one inch, female two-thirds of an incli. Appears to differ from the preceding insect in size only. Un- common. Sun-ey. Thb Four Spot Lackey (L. ehnrina, Stephens) appears the beginning of August. Wings of the male one inch one-fourth, female five-sixths to one incli ; first pair whitish and glossy, with the upper edge and hinder margins yellow, with two black spots, one on the upper edge, and tlic other on the inner margin; second pair above dusky ; margins on both sides yellow ; beneath whitish yeUow. Not common. Essex, Kent, and Surrey. NOCTUIDJE (Stephens). TRIPH^NA (Ochsenheimbb). Thb Lunar Unhkrwino {Tnphmna orlionuj Ochsbnhbimbr) appears the end of June and beginning of July. Wings one inch seven-twelfths to two-thirds ; first pair liver-brown, with dotted streaks ; second pair of a deep yellow, with a central black crescent and marginal streak. C«(i?»"7«7/«i- greenish, with black spots on the sides. Not scarce. York, Salop, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. Thk Crrscrnt UNnKRWiNo (T. suhseqitn, OcnsENnEiMER). Wings one inch two-thirds to three-fourths, grey-brown, wltii an obscure kidney-shaped sjiot and black streak at the tip of the first pair ; second pair yellow, with a dusky central crescent and marginal band. Rare, Scotland. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 49 The Bbide-maid (T. Prnnufm, Ochskjjhkimkr) appears the beginning of June and middle of July. Wings two inches to two inches one-fourth or one-tliird ; lirst pai r of a cloudy grey ; second pair bright yellow, crossed witli a narrow black band. Cater» pillar, greenish, with two iiiteiTuptcd black lines on the back ; feeds on the primrose, violet, auricula, cabbage, &c., found throughout the winter beneath stones, clods, &c., in the day. lime, and changes to a reddish pupa about April or May. Com- mon. Durham, York, and South of England. The Virgin (Tr. /rtn«6«, Ochskniigimkii). Wings two inches to two inches one-third, of uniform colour ; upper wings liver brown ; under wings yellow, with a black subraargiual streak. Probably a variety of Tr. Pronuba. Common. Thk Broad. DOaDBRKD Undkrwinc {Tr. Fimbria, Ochsbn- nKiMBit) appears the end of June and beginning of July j first pair of a pale grey, with waved stnaks of a ligliter colour; second pair clear yolluw, wiih ,i \^^. broad black marginal band. Caterpi// > ' rentre bright orange yellow. Cutrrpillnr ^N\\\\\ i !■ I liusky streaks and black spots posteriorly; fini .. ,,1. &c. Pupa brown. Not common. York, Suiiul!, ii.__u.\, auU Warwick. CERIGO (Strphexs). The Straw Undeiiwing (Cerigo texta, STRi'nENS) appears about June. Wings one inch one-half to tliree- fourths, dusky varied with grey ; first pair with waved streaks, bordered with black ; second pair sb*aw colour, with a broad dusky margin. CntftrpiUar whitish, with a black stripe on the back ; feeds on goat's beard. Not common, Norfolk, Essex, Middlesex, Kent, and Surrey. LYT/KA f«Ti TllK SlX-STRIPE RUSTI. : / "'. ■ ./.;-/..■,-•,.., S ITI'H i. V. 1 ipiicoi'S the end of July. WiiiRs MM. l^inii I.. , . ,. ilii 1.. rosy peyi first pair with .sis .lu i. In ,ii. ; .1(1 i;iil ].,Ml uilli a oroart dusky mnrRin, Vuh ri:t!l,u- Kii.)i,,h ulllU-, Willi t dingy stripe oa cacli side. Not coiumun. StUop uud Ivcut. 50 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. CHARTEAS fSTEPHENS). TheTubi' Rustic (CharcBas Cespitis, Stephens) appears ia September. Wings one inch one-third to seven- twelfths ; first pair brownish black, with three whitish waved streaks, margined with black ; second pair greyish white at the base, with dusky clouds towards the niai'gin. Caterpillar brownish, with three pale lines placed lengthways; feeds on grass. Scarce. Kent. Tub Autumnal Rustic (Ch. confinis, Stbphkns). Wings one inch five-twelfths ; first pair indistinctly indented, greyish brown, with two slanting blackish streaks and one whitish; second pair greenish white. Rare. Locality unknown. Thk BAitRKD Rustic {Ch.fvsca, Stephp:ns) appears in Sep- tember. Wings one inch one-third to seven-twelfths; first pair blackish brown, with an indistinct somewhat triangular band in the middle, and a streak at the hinder margin ; second pair ir ' male whitish, in the female brown or dusky. Not common. Kent. The Black Rustic {Ch. Mthiops, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch two-thirds to five-sixths ; first pair black, with a broad dark band darker tinted in the middle, stigmata very indis- tinctj the hinder one externally margined with yellowish ; second pair in the male white, margined with hlack,in the female dusky. Rare. Cumberland, Kent, and Devonshire. The Antler {Ch. Graminis, Stephens) appears the begin- ning of July. Wings one inch one- sixth to one-lialf; first pair greyish brown, with a whitish lino branching into three towards ttoe posterior angle, with pale stigmata, and slender black lines towards the tip. Caterpillar dusky, with yellow streaks on ' back and sides , feeds on grasses, (except fox-tail grass), and changes into a brown shining pupa towards the end of June. Not common. Huntingdonshire, Surrey, and Devonshire. RUSINA (Stephens). The Brown Rustic (Russina ferrttgineat Stephens) appears towards the end of June. Wings one inch one-half to two-thhds; first pair rusty grey, with four waved streaks and several pale spots on the upper edge ; second pair pale greyish white. Cater- pillar dingy brown, with ycUovrish lines on the back and sides. J'upa reddish. Rare. Kent. AGROTIS (HuBNBR). The Crescent Rustic {Agrotis lujiigera, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch two-thiriis; first pair brown, variegated with yellowish.havingtwodoublcblackish streaks and a yellowish crescent fonined by the anterior stigma, which is dusky towards the upper edge, and bright yellow towards the inner margin; second pair cream white. Rare. County Cork. The Heart and Club Rustic (/. coWiee«, OcnsENnEi.MBR) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-tliird to twO' CONSPECTUS or MOTHS. 51 thirds ; first pair pale grrey, with the ordinary stigmata interiorly grey, exteriorly black ; second pair dusky, with a central cres- cent and nervures darker. Thorax grey and white. Very vari- able. Rather scarce. Salop, Norfolk, Hertford, Kent, Sussex, and Devonshire. Thk Pkari. Underwing (A. aqua, Ochsbniikimer) appears in September and October. Wings one inch five-sixths to two inches ; first pair ashy grey, with the tlircc ordinary stigmata very indistinct, and a paler spot at the tip ; second pair dusky white, tinged with violet, witli the nervures and the hinder margin, especially towards the posterior angle, dusky. Rare. Essex, HerOordshirc, and near London. The Corn Rustic (A. Segetum, Ochsenhkimer) appears in June. Wings one inch one-half to eleven-twelfths ; first pair rusty greyish, with rather indistinct waved streak.^ ; second pair whitish, and so variable in its colour and markings, that it has been muj- tiplieU into not less than nine species. Caterpillar dusky, with a pale line on the back and on each side, with four or five black spots on eacli ring ; found at the roots of corn, and in May clianges into a dusky brown pupa. But too common in some disti-icts. Hertfordshire and Suffolk. Tab Dark SwoRu Grass {A.suffiisa, Ochsenubimer) appears in June and .July. Wings one inch three-fourths to two inches ; first pair ktcv, clou i;, aIiIi ,i -insky line on the back and a reddish one on thesHl. ii I iiiownish stripe.i on each Joint i in June it cliam:. •• )>iipa. Not plentiful. Yorkshire, Suffolk, Essex, h: rl, :i"il S" -ex. TiEK IlLAcK SpoTTKi) (Gi'. Dcpuncta, OcnSENnsiMER), said to be British on doubtful authority. The TnicoMMA (Or. baja, Haworth) appears the end of July. Wmgs one inch one-half to two-thirds j first pair rusty grey, obscurely clouded in the middle, with a minute black dot at the base, and a patch on the upper edge near the tip ; second pair dusky brown, paler on the hinder margin. Caterpillar varied with ashy and brown, with three white lines on the back, and a yellow one on the sides ; feeds on the nightshade, and changes to a pupa in June. The Barred Chest.vut (.Or. erythrocephala, Haworth) ap- pears in July. Wings one inch one-tliird to seven-twelfths ; first pair rusty grey, with a brownish square chestnut spot be- tween tlie stigmata, between which and the hinder margin is a waved chcstimt brown band ; second dusky brown, with a darker central crescent. Caterpillar grey brown, with a dusky stripe on the back, and two white lines on the back and on the sides, and a few white spots; feeds on the plautain(!) Occurs m May. Rare. Kent and SuiTey. 56 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Primrosp. (Or. festim, HAWOHTn) appeals tlie end of June and bcg-inning: of July. Wings one incli oiielciintli to one half; first pair clouded with (rrey or pak- lnown with several angular spots, which are of a deeper line, i.i' \,]n,-k towards the stigmata; second pair ash colour, with aceiitral dusky creseeut Caterpillar reddish yellow, with yeUow spots, and a yellow line on the back, and two dusky lines on tlie sides; feeds on the primrose, and changes to pupa in June. Rare. Kent and Surrey. Tbk BtACK C. ((?>-. C. ni^um, OcHSENHEiMEn) appears the end of June and beginning of July. Wings one inch onc-fourtli to one-half; first pair ashy brown, with a black line at the base, and another at the iii)per eilK-e tcwurils the tip; in the middle a large bow-like l.hick pntch ixtiiiiallN pale ; second pair whitish or yellowish white, willi tlie liiiul.r margin dusky. Caterpillar varied with ash and brown, with a pale longitudinal line, and several transverse ones on the sides ; feeds on chickwced, marsh wUlow-herb, and spinach; changes to a brown mm In May. The Musivb (Gr. vivr.-h ',7. Or-ii r -fin Mi.i.-\ \\\ MM. nnc inch one-sixth; first pair bn. 1 , ; '■ . ■ 1 and a whitish band at ili> 1 H black band; second pair wlnh i , 1 ,,,;:,, 1- \.-\\yyx\\ -\\ I'M, with a brown head, a dull f^ni -II tiiiL' in\ the Dack, and iwr 1 whitish lines on the sides. Very r ai-e. The White Spot (Gr. alliimacula, Stephens) appears in Sep- tember. Wings one inch five-twelfths to seven-twelftlis • first pair reddish brown, vai'iegated with purple, with a pale hand on the upper edge, a black line on the base, and a longish central blackish brown dash, in which there is a round wliite spot- second pair glossy, of a dusky ash colour, with faint slant, iiig streaks and dark margins. Rare. Iluntingdonsliire and Hampslure. ~ ■■ ■: fi'. /'''■(■'«. OcHSENHKiiiEn) appears in June and \'- III- "M. iiiih our sixth lo one-fourth; first pair I I" i' ' nil II 111. Ml. liiir nil tlie base, and with the ''I ' I'l 'li' niichiU' iuidthc stigmata flame "I 1 " "hilisli. rfflcrjiilliir green, with a brown i 111 May and August. Not scarce. Essex and Septe of a IllM. : ■ 1. "PPei 'II yellow; head ; occurs Devonshire. Dahl's Sjit; June. Wings ( grey, streakeil \ stigmata, and a pair ash colotii the wings reddisl (Gr. punii I'cond of aU Idisli brown, witli a yellow fnlrrjiilla Stripe on the back, and pale streaks on the sides, which are sjinnkled with yeUow and brown. Not common. Salop and CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 67 SEMIOPHORA (Stephkns). The Hebrew (S. gothica, Stephens) appears the middle of April. Wings one inch one-fourth to scveii-twellths; first pair Kreyish brown, with an arched black spot ami square black line in the middle ; the pale marg-ins of the stigmata are only visible. Caterpillar pale sveen, yellowish on the back, with a white line aiid few dusky specks on the side ; feeds on oak, honeysuckle, woodbine, 8ic. Not scarce. Essex, Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, and Shi'opshire. ORTHOSIA (OCHSENnUlMEK). TiiK Clouded Dkaii (Or. instabilis, Ochsenheimer) appears tlie begiuninf^ of April. Wings one inch five-twelfths to two- thirds, greyish brown, or ashy clouded with grey, with a central rusty-brown band, the ordinary stigmata margined with pale ash, and the streak at the hinder margin simple and whitish. Caterpillar green, with a white line on the back and a yellow one on the sides j feeds on the oak. Plcatiful. Essex and Surrey. The'Inteumeoiate (0. intermedia, Stephens). Wings one inch one-sixth to seven-twelfths, greyish brown; flrst pair with tliree equidistant dai'ker bands, two rings, and the ordinai-y stig- mata pale, and a double streak on the hinder margin ; the antemta: oi the male strongly pectinated. Rai-c. Suj-rey. The Leaden Drab (O. g-raailis, Ochsknhkimbu) appears the beginning of April. Wings one inch one-half to seven -twelfths, lead colour, and clouded with grey; first pair with an indistinct streak towards tlie hinder margin, and several greyish spots margined with pale; second pair dusky. Caterpillar green, the sides yellowish, with a black spot and four obscure dots on each rmg, which is yellow ; feeds on the oak, willow, bramble, Sic. ; changes to a pupa in July. Rather scai'ce. Essex, Keut, ami Surrey. The Twin Spot Drab (O. munda, Ociisknheimkr) appears in April. Wings one inch seven- twelfths to two-thirds ; first pair ashy grey, somewliat clouded, with a pale streak at the liinder margin, having two or tliree twin spots. Caterpillar varied with black and grey, with a red line on the sides ; feeds on the oak, elm, sloe, and fruit trees, and about June changes to &pupa. Rare. Essex and Surrey. TuE Powdered Quaker (O. sparsa, Curtis) appears the beginning and end of April. Wings one inch seven- twelfths to two-l!iirds, ashy irrvv -. lirst pair with very minute dusky dots; behind the stiiiin;! ;i i m im Ind mt'ks ui black spots, and to- wards the himin ii ; V siitak niai^^iiicul with whitish. Cate)^)illar gvijrw > > : i ■ > iih' od llio liiu k and sides; feeds onthetopsof w ^ , mJ , nni-tstoa juijhi in July. Rather uncommon. Es-ilw, liortloni, Kent, and Surrey. The Pale Quaker (0. pallida, Curtis). Wings one inch five-twelfths to one-half, uniformly of a pale reddish brown; first pair, the ordinary stigmata have only a very slender pale 58 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. margin ; between these and the hindermargin, astraight slanting brownish streak, extcrnaUy edged with a pale tint; behind which, and near the hinder margin, is a row of very minute brown spots. Probably only a vaiiety of O. sparsa. Surrey. The Steady Quaker (O. stabilis, OciiSKNnRtMKR) appears the beginning of April. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-half, rusty grey ; first pair, the stii^-mata with yellowish margins, an external pale streak edged with dusky, and a row of small black dots on the hinder margin. Caterpillar yellowish, with prim* rose yellow lines and blue head ; feeds on the oak, ehn, beech, lime, poplar, cherry, &c. Common. Salop and Essex. The Blossom Undkrwing (0. minioso, Ochsbnhbimer) ap- pears the end of March. Wings one inch one-third to one-half; first pair pale ashy red, with three waved streaks and broad cen- tral band vermilion red ; second pair rosy white, with a central dusky spot, and in the female particularly, an interrupted dusky band beliind the middle. Caterpillar black, with an interrupted yellow line on the sides; the head with; three streaks; feeds on oak and buch in May and June. Rare. Essex and Kent. TnK Dwarf Quaker (0. cruda, OciisENnEiMER) appears the end of March. Wings eleven -twelfths to one inch one-fourth; first pair brownish ash, the base with scattered brown spots, the stigmata obscure, dusky, margined with grey, and two indistinct streaks of reddish spots ; second pair dusky red. Caterpillar reddish brown, sprinkled with white on the back, with a yellow- ish line on the sides; tlie head green with white and black ; feeds on the oak, wild rose, &c., in June. Plentiful. Near London. The Tiny Quaker (0. pusillOj Curtis) appears the end of March. Wings one inch, grey, rounded or retuse, the stigmata contiguous, and a stout reddish, somewhat interrupted line, passing from tlie anterior stigma to tlie base. Rare. Surrey. Tns Brown Spot Pinion (0. litura, Ochsknhbimer) ap- pears the cml of September and beginning of October. Wings one iin II ■' ii- m ..i h.nwn; the first seginent hhu-k with tlirt'i' wliit. . i, ,' niinn cliickwced and grasses. Not scarce. Deiiniiiir, i . i ■., lleitlordsliire, Kent, Surrey, and Devon. SEGETIA (Stkphkn?!). Tub Squark Spot Ruhtic {S,-">-tia ^nnHnon-nphrt, Stkphkns) appeju's in August. Wings one in- h "m. -m.mIi to five-twelfths ; first pair cheslniil brown, with .1 ... spiiwecn the stig- mata, aud three indistinct bnAVJi .1 .u . ,.i,.i j i lale (jne towards the hinder margin; second \>i\.u v, luu-h, wAh a yellowish fringe. Caterpiilar dull yellow, witli a pale line on the side, streaked and dotted with black behind ; head brown, with three dark streaks. Plentiful. Near London, Essex, Salop, Kent, and Sussex. The Neglected Rustic (5. neglecta, Stephens) appears iu September. Wings one inch seven -twelfths to throe-fourths; first pair obscure ash colour, with streaks of very minute black dots J the posterior stigma vrith a brown spot. Rare. Kent and Hampshire. GRAMMESIA fSTKPiiENs). The Triple- links [ nu.. 1 w inj^s one inch one-fourth to five-twclltlis, whitisli ; 1 ; 1:1 ■ I n witli tlnec slanting and equidistant dusky strciik , ,\iili .m indistinct one at the base; second pair dusky, with a grey fringe. Caterpillar ash grey, with a pale sti-ipe on the sities; feeds on the plantain. Not scarce. Hertfordsliiie, Kent, aud Surrey. The Dark Trbbi.k-hnks {G. bilinva, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-third to five-twelfths, greyish brown; first pair with two nearly straight dingy streaks, between whicli is a very indistinct stigma. Very rai'e. Essex, Kent, and Suncy. CARADRINA (Ochsknheimer). The Dotted Rustic (C. ambigua, Ochbknheimer) appears in June. Wings one inch one-third to five-twelfths > first pair CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 61 brownish grey, with three indistinct dinfry streaks, and a pale one towards the liinder margin; the stigmata with a white border; second pair wliitish. Caterpillar rusty red, with a brown liead ; feeds on dandelion and plantaul. Scarce. Kent, and near London. Lkssisr DoTTKn Rustic (C. Redacta, Stkphens) appears in June. Wings one incli one-sixth to one-tliird, grey ; first pair with three indistinct dingy strealis and a pale one towards the hinder margin, the stigmata with whitish margins, smaller than the preceding, and its markings more indistinct. Not rare. Derbyshire and Kent. The Gardun Rustic (C. Alsmes, Ochsknhkimkb) appears in June. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-fourth, brownish ; first pair with a broad brown indistinct streak towards the hinder margin, and the ordinary stigmata brown and distinct. Cati>r ptllnr ash grey, with a reddish line on the sides, and a brown head; feeds on plantain. Rather scarce. Neai- London, Hamp- shire, and Devonshire. The Waveb Rustic (C. implexa, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-sixth, rusty grey ; first pair with four distinct darker streaks, and a fifth very pale and waved behind the posterior stigma; the ordinaiy stigmata brown. Not scarce. Kent. The Grey Rustic (C. laeiiis, Stephens) appears the begin- ning of July. Wings one inch one-fourth to onc-third, very obscure, the streaks nearly as in the Si|uare Spot Rustic, but more slender and indistinct, scaiccly \nsible unless by a lens, the anterior stigma wanting, the posterior kidney-shaped, one having only the margin apparent, with a black dot at the base. The fringe of the first pair dull reddish, of the second paler. Very rare. Near London. TuE DiNOY Rustic (C. sorrlida, Stephens). Wings one inch one-thiril, dull reddisli; flnst pair with two very indistinct streaks beliind the middle, the margins of the stigmata alone visible, a mai-ginal row of very minute spots. Very rare. Lo- cality unknown. Morpheus (r. JTnrpIieiis, Ochsenheimer). Wings one inch one-fourth ti> "ii< hImI p'l.' yellowish ash, first pair with the ordinary sticM I i i ml band more obscure; second pair whitish, with III .1 central crescent dusky. Rare. Devonsliire ujiil 1 1( 1 1 hmi huf. Tbe Motti.km Rustic (f. Sepii, HAwoiiTii) appears in June. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-third. Krty, i-hiiulcd with a broad dusky band towards the hinder inarKiH ; the sti^^mata in- distinct, brown, and in form of spots; second pair ratlicr large, whitish, with a duskv niavginal streak, fringe white, tinged with yellow. r«^|)7i;//./i-'n-dilisli-liiuwn, with a yellow line on the back, and r^.■llcli^h streaks on the sides ; feeds on the Convolvu- lus Sepium. Coiumou. Near Loudon. 62 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Mottled Wiilow (C. cuMmlaris, Haworth) appears the middle of July. Wings one inch one-fourth, ashy white clouded witli a waved streak on the hluder margin, composed of very numerous triangular arrow-sliaiicrt red spots, edged ex- ternally with a paler colour j second pair whitish, with tlie mar. Sin and nervurcs dusliy. Caterpillar feeds on the Valeriana locusta. Common. Near London and Kent. ThePowdkred Rustic (C.S)«/«-™/ra,0(iisuNi.EiMKR). Wings one inch one-foui-th to one-tliinl. :( In wlili-, powdered witli brovra, with a waved streak n. h . , , margin reddish brown, and externally edged with , i i n,w of somewhat three-cornered black dots on tlit- i xinm, m m; fringe ashy- brown ; second pair white, with the niaiKin and nervures dusky fringe wliite. Not common. The Pearl Kustic (C. glareom, Ochseniieiimer). Wings one inch one-sixth to one-third ; first pair faint ash colour, with a black somewhat square spot between the ordinary stig- mata, and two short interrupted spots on the upper margin, to. wards the base ; second pair and fringe white, tinged with yel- low. Not common. Hampsliire and Devonsliire. GLiEA (Hubner). The Red Chestnut (G. rubricma, Stephens) appears the end of March. Wings one inch one-lliini to i)ne-lialf, cliestnut- rcd; first pair witli tlie upper edge ink, ,-xsiur as tlic middle, four waved dusky sticaks, and the nKiiniu)- stitjiriata ratlicr indis- tinct i second pair reddish brown, witli reddish fringe. Catir- pillar grey, with a pale back, and each segment with two white dots ; feeds on the Rumex acuta. Very rare. Kent. The Dottkb Chestnut (G. nibiginea, Hawohtu). Wings one inch one-third, rusty brown, with numerous irregular brown spots. Caterpillar slightly hairy, brownish, with a black spotted line down the back, the hair grey.' Very rare. Locality un- known. The Satellite (G. Satellitia, Stephens) appears in Septem- ber. Wings one inch one-third to scven-twelftlis ; first pair chestnut red, indented on the liinder margin with brown sti'eaks, the posterior one being considcrahh the posterior stigma is a small white ens, . r a small white dot above it, and anothcj i,, blackish, with red fringe. Caterpillar l,i;u narrow wliite line on tlie sides, and ycllowiji feeds on the bramble, sloe, oak, beech, Iki:. „„ Essex, Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Devonshire, and Hampshire. The Bilberry (O. Vaccina, Stephens) appears in Septem. ber. Wings one inch onc-fourtli to one-third ; having the ner- vures rust-red, with brown streaks, and a row of red spots to. wards the luiider margin, ])laced on a broad pale chestnut-co- louredbandi second pair dusky, with red fringe. Caterpillar rusty brown, with a pale line on the sides, the coUar and taU 'avrd : in place of -.li;i(K li iini, with Mill pair .. -u, with a .ill.-, 11 Ihc neck; Not uncommon. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 63 black with white streaks ; feeds on tlie bramble, black and red wortleberrics, &c. Not uncommon. Hertfordsiiire, Norfolk, Surrey, auti Devonshire. TiiK Dark Chestnut ({7. spndiceu, Hawortii) appears in September. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-tliird j first pair of an almost uniform chestnut colour, but somewhat clouded with dusky, the upper edge towards tlie hinder margin with a few pale spots. Not scarce. Near London. The Black Ciikstnut {G. subnigra, Stkphens) appears in September. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-third ; first pair blackish chestnut, with a somewhat interrupted pale band near the hinder margin, composed of confluent white spots ; second pEur dusky, with the fringe slightly reddish j the abdomen of the male less flat. Rare. Near London. Thk Net Chestnut (G. polita, Haworth) appears in Sep- tember. Wings one inch one-foui'th to one-tliird ; rust-red, with the nervurcs and streaks netted and powdered with ashy- grey. Caterpillar pale brick-red, witli black dots; feeds on taraxacum. AMPHIPYRA, (OCHSENHEIMER). The Copper Unuerwino (A. Pyramidea, Ochsenheimbr) appears the beginning of August. Wings one inch two-thirds to two inches ; first paii- brown, varied with grey, with three waved yellowish streaks, and towards the middle the anterior stigma encircled with white ; second pair copper coloured, with tlic upper edge brown. Caterpillar green, with a whitish line on the back and sides, and a large cone-shaped protuberance on the posterior segment ; feeds on the oak. Rather scai'ce. Hereford- shire, Essex, Surrey, and Hampsliire. PYROPHILA, (Stephens). The Mouse {P. TragupogMm, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-fourtl\ to one-third ; first pair mouse-brown, with three black spots in the middle; second pair livid brown. Caterpillar green, with five white lines, and a lew whitish spots on the sides; feeds on the goat's-beard, spinach, dock, larkspiu", &c, Not scarce. Hertfordshire, Warwickshiic, and Kent. The Mahogany (P. tetra, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-fourth to five-twelfths ; first pair deep brown, with tlnree indistinct brown spots in the middle, and four wliite ones on the upper edge j second pair rusty ash. Caterpillttr green, with a white line on the back, and two red ones on the sides, the head small ; feeds on various plants. Scarce. Essex, near Loudon, Somersetshire, and Devonshire. DYPTERYGIA (Stephens). Thb Bird's Wino (/J. Pimistri, Stephens) appears in June. Winga one inch five-twelfths to one-half, black, with an ashy- 64 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. streaked spot resembling an expanded bird's \vine at the pos- terior angle of the first pair. Caterpillar dull brown, sprinkled witli deeper spots, with some dusky slanting lines, and two paie ODes. Scarce. Norfolk, Middlesex, and Surrey. N/ENIA (Stkpukns). Thb Dark Gothic I.N. (i/pioa {Stbpiiens) appears the end ot June. Wings one inch one-half to ten-twelfths, brown; first pair with white ner\'ures, and three stigmata margined with wllitish. ViUerpillar grey, the sides dingy, with three faint streaks; feeds on the hound's tongue, nettle, willow, he. Pupa brown, enclosed in a web. Common. Shropshire, Esses, Huntingdonshire, and near London. XYHNA (TnEiTscuKK). Tub Grby Snooi.nER Knot (X. /,»„,/-„,. I i,i i i ^ri,KB) ap. pears in Autumn. Wings one inch one nils; first pair white, clouded, the base with a ! i i m mi i i < i i i i < ii i two or three twigs, at the hinder margin a row ■■> Mm i. |">(s; second pair deep brown, with the fringe paler, ralerpilliir downy, green, white-spotted, with a bluish line on the back ; feeds on the oak. Ratlicr scarce. Salop, Hcrtfordsliire, Essex, and Sur. rey. ThbPet (X.imlla, 0(nsKx.iii:i.Mi.:ri)appcarsin August. Wings one inch two-thirds ; first ]mr duop ashy grey, with on indistinct wllitish spot in the niid.lle ; sei-mid pair whitish, with dusky nervurcs. Caterpillar greeu, with a whitish spot, and a lino of the same colour on the sides. Rare. Essex. The Tawny Pinion )X. semilmnnea, Stephens). Wingsonc inch seven-twelfths ; first pair clouded, externally ashy brown, and internally brownish red ; second pair ashy brown, with tlie margin, nervures, and a small central spot dusky. Rare. Surrey. Thb Stonf (V r,-fr:i;,-n!„. OcHSENnBiMEii) appears in June. Wings one inn ■■ H'l, - i,, three-fourths, pale grey browm first pair Willi I i streaks, a dark brown line at the base, and auciii Jir inner margin; the orcljnary sUg. mata paler; hunml inui uilh an indistinct slanting streak of brown spots a little behind the middle, and a daik crescent on the disc. Caterpillar green, with white spots, and a broad wliite stripe on the back, and a narrow one on each side ; feeds on the elm, oak, sloe, lime, &c. Rare. Near London and Devonshire. The Silver Cloud (.Y. conspioiltarin, OciisKNMi:iftiEB) ap. pears tlic end of May. Wings one inch one-half to seven- twelfths ; first pair streaked, varied with brown and a.sh colour, and whitish towards the inner edge ; second pair snow white, with the nervurcs and hinder margin dusky, fringe white. Caterpillar dull green, with a yellowish white line on the sides, edged with brownish ; feeds on the Astragalus Onobrychis, &c. Rare. Kent and Bucks. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 65 The KinNKV Sim'kr Cloud (X. perspicillaris, OcnSHNnBi- mbb) appears iu June. Wings one inch one-half, with four brown streaks, toothed behind with a single liidney-shaped common spot, the lower margin with a purplish tinge. Caterpillar somewhat downy and rough, green, with a white line on the back, Rai-e. Kent. Thk Flame (X.putris, OciisKNHEiMEa) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch one-quarter to five twelftlis ; first pair yellowish white, with the anterior margin and ^^tifanata brown, and a slanting double streak of blaek spots towards tiio hinder edge; second pair of a pale yellowish brown, witli ttir hinder mai'gin spotted with brown. Caterpillar yellou i.-,h brown, black spotted, and streaked with pale yellow and wliili.sh, with a yellowish line on the back j the head brownish black ; feeds on erasses. Not scarce. Essex, and near London. CALOCAMPA (Stephens). Tub Sword Grass (C. r-j-o^e/a, Stisphevs) appears inAprilor May, and the middle of October. Wings two inches to two inches one-fourth ; first pau" wood brown, rather long, narrow, streaked with brown at the liiiKii-r odMc, the interior stif^iiia oblong, the pos- terior ear-shaped ; setoml pair ^reyisli luown, wilii llie margin Rud crescent on tlu- disr liusKy, iVmii,''^.- pale. Cn/rr/iilhir green, mth large white spots on the biuk and smaller ones on the sides, and a red one beneath ; feeds upon lettuce, spinach, broom, bramble, asparagus, &c. Ratlier scaxxe. Oxford, near Lon- don, Kent, and Devonshire. Thk Antique (C vetusta, STKPurNsl appears in autumn. Wing^ one inch five-sixths to two indies dui- sixlh; first pair anteriorly pale brown, interiorly obscure broun. with an oblong spot; second pair of a deeper hue. <'fi/rr/>i//>ir ilull green, white, spotted with a yellowish line on the back and a whitish one on the side -, stigmata red ; feeds on Carex. Rare. Kent. XYLOPIIASiA (SrroiMTKVsl. Thk Music (\'. /f7/jH,i'//'.', ;(:i(, imdi r. tlip beE,"inning of July. Wingsone inVii I . i uveliilis ; first pair pale, somewhat clou . ■ m ,m n, witii whitish and brown spots on the npi>. i rJ-. ; ii«i iiMnh i . (iij;(> invKulai-ly rusty brown ; second jinir pale, with a central crescent and margin dusky t the nei-vures and spots on the margin brown. Caterpillar green, with whitish spots and lines on the sides; feeds on the black thorn. Not scarce. Cheshire, Essex, Mid- dlesex, Kent, and Surrey. Thk Glimmrrer (X. sublustris, Stephens). Wings one inch two-thirds to five-sixths, rusty ash ; first pair with a spot on the upper edge, and the hinder edge irregularly marked with rusty brown ; second pair with a central crescent and streak behind, the middle darker. Rare. Sussex. The Dark Arches (X. pol^odon, Stephens) appears the end fi6 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. of June and befrinnins of Julv. Wines one inch ftvc-sixths to two inches one sixth; first iiinr i^i' Mih^uisli brown, varied with black and pale clouds, wii 1 1 i > i i > ■ 'I streak towards the hinder edee; second pair -in > i'li a dark mar. ginal border and a pale streak (_n\ .mi , iiir itostcrior angle. Catcrpillnr dull white, sprinkled with black spots, with a block head; feeds at the roots of grass. Very common. Chesliirc, near London. The fyTVKR (A', ruren, Strphrns) appears in June or begrin- ning of July. Winj^s one inch one half to two-thirds; first pairvariofi witti K'ley iuid l>rown, with a spot on the upper edge, a line from the base to the inner margin, and an irregular streak on the margin itself, all brownish grey; second pair brown, with a dark marginal streak. CaterpiUnr feeds on the primrose, &c, Hertford, Darenth Wood, Netlcy, Epping, &c. Thk Uairv Hohn (X. hirtimrnis, Haworth), Wings sea. green, with a shoitish band and an inteiTupted terminal streak; the antennfB deeply fringed. Perhaps a variety of X. rurea. Rare. Kent. The Clouded Brindle (X, epomidion Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch onc-thu-d to one-half; first pair varied with grey and brown, vrith three pale waved indistinct streaks, the anterior stigma with a black border; the huuier margin spotted with brown ; second pair as in A', rurea. Scarce. Der- byshire, Yorkshire, Devonshire, Surrey, and Somersetshire. The Fox Tail (X. romfmsta, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch two-thirds to three-fourths; first pair dusky brown ; tlie ordinary stigmata in the middle indistinct, with whitish margins, tlie anterior oval and turned outwards, the external one car-shaped, with an interrupted white margin, and representing the figure 3 or 5 ; second pair brown, with yellow- ish fringe. Rare. Kent and Sm-rey. The Snipe (X. scolopiicina, Haworth) appears in Jane, Wings one inch one-fourth to one-third j first pair varied with grey and brown, with a brownish band at tlie hinder edge, and a black waved streak behind the middle ; the posterior stigma is white, the body slender. Rare, Yorkshire and SuiTey, The Saxon (X.rer/i/meff, Stephens). Wings one inch one half; first pair ashy grey, with a broad band in the middle, and hinder margin dusky brown ; second pan" dusky, with pale fringe. Rare. Lancashire, HADENA, (ScHRANK). Thf Barred AnCHEM (H. arnica, OrnsENHttiMRR). Wing» one inf'h Pleven t-welfths; first pair varied with brown and ash, with ;■ Im'.'-i M'liiar dusky band, in which the ordinary stig- matii .. . I 11 tiiict.the external one being large, whitish, and i,n hip. u , Arniid pair pale dusky, with a darker central spot and iiiui t'li. UiU'C, CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 67 Tub Dark Bhocaoe (H. adusia, OcussNnrAMP.n). Wingsone indi two-thirds to five-sixths ; flrst pair varied with brown anil ashy, with a black line, yellowish streaks and stigmata ; second pair whitish, witli the nervures and external margin dusky. Rare. Kent, and Surrey. The Pori'hvry (Il.salum, OcnsisNnEiMBR) appears the end of May. Wings one inch two-thirds to flve-sixths ; arst pair blackish brown, with a black line, having the stigmati and band paler, and edged with black ; second pair dusky, with the mar- gin, nervures, and a central crescent darker. Rare. SuiTey. The Gothic Brocade («. remhsn, Stephens) appears In June. Wnigs one inch one-half to two-thirds ; flrst pair pale dusky, clouded with two black lines at the base, and a very broad central arch ; second pair dusky. Rather rare. Yorkshire Salop, Hertfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. The Brown Pinioned BnocAnE (H. oUmiga, Stephens). Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds ; first pair ashy, clouded with a large wcdged-sliapcd dusky spot beliind, and anotlicr ob- long in the middle towards the inner edge, towards the poste- rior margin a whitish streak, which is very much waved ; second pair whitish, with a dusky border. Not common, Yorkshire Essex, Kent, and Surrey. ' Tre Sea-Giiki:m ( W. (/in(a,?si7M, Ochsenheimer). Wings one inchoiir >i III i I .Ill-twelfths; flrst pair ashy brown, clouded ™i™""' " ' 'f^. pale at the base, with a black line ; second |. II III ' ..>! common. Yorksllil-e, Suffolk, Norfolk, Essc.\, Sliiii], iiji,. iihl Dcvonsliire. The HriTiiic {II. Genistat, Ocrsenhbimer) appears in June. Wings one inch seven-twelftlis to two-thirds ; first pair silvery- wliitc clouded with a black line at the base, and another resem. blmgthe letter I, in the centre ; second pair whitish, with a darker border. Rather uncommon. Devonshire, Kent, and Hertford- shire. The Pretty BRorAOE {11. rnnli^n,.,, OrnsEN.iEiMER) appears inJuno, Win-^ iiiili „„,.ii,iii„ i,i,.-l,...liYhs; firstpair clouik.,1, . 1,1 I ,:i III - ,1 ; , -MiK.spotonthe uppci;'!! ,. Inner margin; thcliiiiili-, ii.iii ,„ III,- i.ii,.. I ,,,i, ,, . Ill :i white waved streak 11, i,- ly cil!,'ril , i.i- n.i i ,,i . ii ;; second pair whitish, with the uerVMii ,sky. Vater- piWur green, with a bm i „ spots on tlie anterior segment, black m,. „iii i „ . .i ,.i, i i >v., it, broom, and other plants in August or septcinlier. I'leiititiil. Surrey. The Dinoy Brocade (W. oisciira, Stephens). Wings about one inch seven twelfths ; ashy brown ; first pair with a large spot on the upper edge at the base, internally edged with three owck hues, towards the hinder margin a very indistinct waved pale stieak. Perhaps a variety of one of the two preceding. Very rare. The Glaucous Shkkrs {H. glauca, Stephens) appears in bo CONSPECTUS or MOTHS. June. Wings one inch one-fourtb to one-third ; first pair grey, witit tlie ordinary spots, and a waved band, yellow; second pair white, witlia whitish fringe. fXeiTiiVfai- yellowish and brown, with a yellow line and blaclt spots on the back, the sides spotted with wliite ; feeds on the Tussilago farfara in August. Scarce, Near London, Derbyshire, and Gloucestershire. The SnEKRs {H. ptebeia, Stbpiiens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-fourth to one third ; first pair varied with ashy and dually, with an indistinct black arch, having tlircc ash-eoloured stigmata; second pair asli)- brown, witli a darker margin. Ca. terpillar dull brown, clouilcd with red, and witli black lines on the sides and back, the litad black and shining ; feeds on dande- lion. Rather common. Warwickshire, Cheshire, Norfolk, Es. sex, Kent, Suffolk, and Devonshire. Thb White Spot Sheers (H. teucostigmn, Stephens) appeiu-s in June. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-third ; ashy white, ■with an indistinct arch composed of yellowish spots, having three whitish stigmata, the lower one divided ; difters from the preceding chiefly in colour, being paler. SiuTcy. The Tawnv Sheers (H. ochnwea, Stephens) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one.fourth to one-third ; first pair buflf colour, with four streaks, and the ordinary stigmata pale, having the third stigma wedge-shaped and blackish ; second pair bright whitish yellow, with a brown border and a yellow fHnge. Rare. Norfolk, near London, and SuiToik. The Eari.v Grkv (H. Li/t/iorim,, Stephens) appears the end of April. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-third; first pair asli. coloured, with an irregular central dusky bami, interrupted bytwo ordinary ear-shaped stigmata ; second pair dusky, with an inter- rupted blackish streak on the margin, the fringe rosy. Not scarce. Chcsliire, and near London. The Ca.iipion (W. CumbitU, Ochsenhrimer) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-third to flve-tn-elfths ; first pair variegated with ashy and brown, the stigmata indented at tlie base, and div.i ..t, i,,ni,r; >tllow bonk-rs, .-xnd disposed be- tween two ,|.H I. . ! ..\ ii liriKliI viiih-l hue; second pair dusky, witi n ^ , :u»l , „,,, ,,„ i, .„„..fourth . tOOn.--liiir,( •1,1 I , M , , ,! , , 1, i. ,.,,,,, ■ i,,,,wn,witl tllrcciiNlt-iiii. I I,,,;, ,1,,,; ,',,. ,, ,„,,,,. ,u , liLirCTnedby a vvhiiL' line, ■i.i.iui p.ui iiu:.!.) .i,.ii, \iiili ili^' iu-ogin and a slender central crescent dusky. Calcipillar greenish, witt blackish spots, having streaks on the sides, and a whitish line underneath; the head glossy brown ; feeds on the Lychnis dioica. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 69 Tr8 Soap Wort (//. Saponariw, Ochsbnhbimer) appears the middle of July. Wings one half-inch to two-thirds ; first pair dusky brown, with tlie nervures and streaks l)rowni8h white; second pair whitish, with a very distinct brown margin. Cater- pillar greenish, with darlcer shades ; tlie liead and first segment brownish ; feeds on the Saponaria officinalis and other plants. Rare. Norfolk, Kent, Suffolk, and Devonshire. HELIOPHOBUS (Boisduval.) THR FliATHBRKD GOTHIC {H. Po/iitlriris, Stbphens.) Wlngs one inch seven-twelfths to three-fourths ; first pair brown, with the ner\'ures whitish, having two double streaks in the middle, and another towards the hinder margin, with three-cornered spots; second pair whitish, with a bmad ihisky margin. Com- mon. Salop, Hertfordshire, Kent, Devonshire, and Cornwall. Thb WniTB-wAVKD Gothic (ff. leucophmus, Stephens) ap- pears in July. Wings one inch two-thirds ; first pair rather in- dented, variegated with grey, white, and brown ; second pair ashy white, with a dark brown central spot in slanting streaks, and a faint dusky marginal border. Rare. Somersetshire. MAMESTRA (OcnsENfHEiMER.) TuK DiNov (J/. /»riw, .OciisKNHKiMER.) Wings one inch five twelfths to seven-twelfths ; fii-st pair variegated with brown, ashy, and yellow, witli a whitish kidney-shaped spot, and mar- ginal streak ; second pair ashy brown, with the nervures, a cen- tral crescent, and the hinder margin dusky. Not common. Yorkslui"e, near London, Kent, and Suffolk. The Broom {M. Pisi, Ochsexhkimbr) appears in June. Wings half an inch to two-thirds; first pair reddish, clouded with grey, having towards the hinder margin a white wavy streak, dilating at the posterior angle into a large spot-like patch ; the second pair in the male are whitish, with a dusky margin ; in the female ash colour at the base. CoierpiUar pale brownish red, with yellow stripes; feeds on papilionaceous plants in autumn. Rather common. Dublin, Durham, Derby- shire, Essex, Middlesex, and Surrey. The Shining {M. splemlem, OcHaENiiEiMKR) appears In July. Wings one inch five-twelfths; first pair reddish brown, with three slanting darker streaks, the outer one terminated >vith white ; the stigmata pale reddish ash. Second pair buff ash, mth the margin, an interrupted transverse streak, a central crescent, and nervures dusky. Rare. Cnmberland. The Cabbage Brighti.ini-: (.1/, n/,,.- . -'n, ,, : . m iMKR)ap- pearstlieendofMay. WingsoiM iiM ! i iia.lfths; first pair chestnut red, with a yrli'- < i , ii^ \. \ . ■\ pnt, and a wliite streak at the hinder niiii?.iM , n.ui i-.n, vjuii.h, with a dusky margin. Caterpillar livid, witli a dusky line on the 'W CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. back, and a whitish one on the sides i feeds on cabbage, lettuce &c., in autumn. Common. Dublin, Salop, Cheshiie, near Lon' don, and Devonshire. TnKDOG'sTooTn (M. Suasa, OcnsKNiiEiMKE) appears in June. Wings one inch one.third to tive.twelfths i first pair brown somewliat clouded, with an interrupted black line at Ule base- and towards the hinder maririn a wliite sticak, with black arrow! shaped dashes on the anterioi edge. The fringe and second pair dusky. Caterpillar green, with reddish and bluish spots, and three blue streaks; feeds upon cabbage, dock, lettuce, plantain, fdc. Hare. Norfolk, near London. TheMuiatto) M.nlKnmiix. :,, , m .piicars the end of June. Wmgs one iiicli tun ii ii dusky brown, tmged with orange, witli ih, ,,,am and streaks paler; second pair butr" whii,-, wnii iin iiiudci margin and ncr- vures dusky. Rare. Kent, Haiupshirc. Thb Cabbaob {M. Brassira:, OcnauNBElMEn) appears in June, July, and August. Wings half an inch to two tllu-ds; ashy brown. First pair with a white kidney.shaued stigma and streak towards the hinder margin. The colours in the female are darker. Caterpillar green or brown, with white stigmata, and an obscure line on the back ; feeds upon cabbOL-c in autumn. Too common. Yorkshire, Salop, Wiltshire, and Devonshire. Thk Whitk-iine Black (il7. alhidilinea, Stephens) similni to the preceding. The first pair of wings blackish, with a wliite. isli and deeply toothed streak towards the hinder margin. I>ro- bably a variety of M. Brussica. Rare. TnE White Colon (Jlf. albtcolon, OcnsENHKiMEn) appears in Augu.st. Wings one inch two-thirds to three. fourths. I'U^t pair greyish brown, with a white kidney.shaped patch, and two spots, and a series of yellowish spots towards tlie hinder mar- gin. Rare. Cumberland. The Stranoeh {M. Aliena, Ochsenheimkr). Wings one inch five-twelfths to one-half; first pair clouded with brown and ash colour, witli a white toothed streak at the hinder mar- gin. The corselet with a forked crest. The Nutmeg I.1U. Ckenopodii, Ochseniieuier) appears in June. Wings one inch one-third to one-half; first pair ashy brown, spotted with black, with three stigmata, one of which is kidney-shaped and blackish, and towards the hinder margin a white toothed streak. Caterpillar green, with an obscure line on the back, and a reddish one on the sides; feeds on various pot herbs. Common. Near Loudon. The Dot Moth (,M. Persicariee, Ochsbnheimer) appears in June. Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds j first paU- black, variously clouded, with a snow-white kidney -shaped stigma, having an obtu.se brown crescent. CaterpUlar smooth, green, with a white line on the back, having a faint cloud on the fourth CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 71 (ind fifth segments, with the tail conical ; feeds on the hop, elder, ftc. in autumn. Pvpa brown. Scarce. Salop, Hertfordshire, Wai'wickshire, Essex, and Surrey. EUri.l' \M Si imu v^ The Chevamkr (B. /' ,i|,iirs the middle of June. Wings one ii" i il'i"ll <^\ Pa"" brownish grey, with a IV« l l.i \ i-i " Hu h , ,., aband in the ■centre, and hinder margin bruvvn ; the postc-rior stigma is kid- ncy-sliapcd and yellowish. Caterpillar, gl'ass green, with a brown head, legs reddish ; feeds on bramble, dock, lettuce, &c. in autumn. Not common. Essex, Kent, Surrey, HampBhire, and Devonshire. HAMA (Stkphbns). Tub Rustic SnovmuR Knot (W. hmiUnpii, SrEi'nKNS) ap- pears the beginning of June. Wings one inch five twelfths to seven twelfths, deflexed, greyish brown, waved, with a black line at the base ; second pair with the hinder margin, nervures, and central spot darker. Caterpillar light grey, with a broad wbite line on the back, and a pale one on the sides ; feeds on (trasses in autumn. Rather scarce. Near London, Essex, and Devonshire. Thk Tawny X. (H. to«fice«, Stephkn-; iii"" In :nihimn. Wingsonc inch onc-fonrth to seven-tw < ii i i i ir brick red with an oblong black mark in the <■'■ .imj: the lettcrX, and an archcdstrcak composed ol lil.N I i " <■ i.i- bfhind the middle ; secimd pair white, with a siuiicwliat interrupted brown streak at the maigin. Rather scarce. Essex and Devon- shire. Thk Link (H. conneira, Stkphens). Wings one inch one. third ; first pair ashy white, with a black line at the base, a brown band in the centre, separating into two branches, and Joined by an obscure dusky streak ; second pair ashy, with the margins darker. Rare. Locality unknown. APAMEA (OCH.IKNBEIMKB). The CnESCBNT (.1. fibrosa, Ochsknhkimer) appears the middle of July. Wings one inch one-third to two-thirds i first pair chestnut red, witli a lai-ge darker angular band-like spot m tlie centre, in which is a white crescent, the anterior sbgma kidiicy-shapcd and whitish, the streak at the hinder margin paler i second pair dusky. Caterpillar whitish, membranous, with the back dull brownish red, and the head brown ; feeds on the Iris pseudacorus. Local. Cambridgeshire. The Golden Ear (A.nictilam, Ochsknmki.meiO apiioars the end of July or beginning of August Win mi h um -sixth toone-thirdi firstpair reddish brown, tinii i ,;, i iroakcd with hrown, with the posterior stigma li" i ' i , and of a whitish gold colour. Rare. Kent, UluiI., i>.\ me, and Isle of AiTan. 72 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Rustic Mournbr (A. didyma, Ociisen.ieimkr) appears in August Wings one inch one-fourth to one-third ;firitpaS black, shghtly clouded, and kidncy-sliapcd.with stigma snow white J second pair dusky, paler at the base. Rather scarce Near London, Kent, and Middlesex. The Rve {A. seciilina, Haworth) appeai-s the end of JiUv Wings one inch one-third to one-half ; first pair varied with grev and brown with two streaks paler, and whitish stigmata. Hare Kent and Surrey. " fl,^" H.!!.*"?"*"' i"!; !'"?""'"■». OCHSBNUKIMBB). No distinc tive description of this insect has yet been publislicd to ray knowledge. Very rare. Scotland. ^ The PiiffiBE (A- oculea, Stephens) appears in August Wmgs one inch one-sixth to five-twclfths, Ku-st pair ashv brown or grey, clouded indistinctly, streaked with a kidne?. formed stigma, snow-white. Plentiful, fshroushire, near Lon- don, Essex, and Devonshiie. The Letter I (.4. I-ninor, Stephens) appears the beginnine of August. Wings one inch one-fourth to onc-third? First pair varied witli grey and brown, with the letter I in the centre. Plentiful. Near London, Sliropsliire, Essex. The Russet {A.rava, Stephens) appears in August. Wines one inch one-fourth to one.third. Wrst pair pale red, with the upper and hinder nmrci.is iir.-Rul.arly brown. Not scarce. Hertfordshire, near Londnn. Siinxy, and Sliropsliire. ■ '^?'\ Twin Lode Ui;';,ln„i;r„m„„i. Ociisenhkimer) appeals in July. Wmgs one inch mic-fourth to one-third. First pair grey, with a roundish large black patch in the middle of the upper edge, and margined towards the inner cilge • a black spear-shaped spot at the posterior angle, and another smaller one near the hmdcr margin. Rare. Essex, Middlesex, Kent, and Surrey. MIANA (Stephens). ,rf I'lr ''°".M">'5»« I.M- /««■»««, Stephens) appears the middle 01 July. Wings live-sixths of an inch to eleven-twelfths. First pair glaucous, with a waving rose-coloured streak at the hin. der margin, an'• •«;;■'- .","" '»" "" tlH- si,k.sl,avi„g black sig matai head yellowish hr.iwn. Rnthcr s.-arcc. Derbyshire. Norfolk, Suffolk, tiloueestcrshire, Hampshire, and Devonsilhe. Tawnv Minor (M. Iritrunciilii, Stephens) appears in July, First pair of wings ashy brown, tinged with bright copper, hav. ing the stigmata and strcakspalcr. Not common. Cambridge- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 73 Tub Bi.ackamoob (M. /EWiio/)s, S-rErnENs) appears the end of June. Winps eleven-twelfths to one inch, black ; the first pair with deeper clouds, the hinder margin faintly tinged with a cop- yery hue. Rather common. Tub Clo.\ked Minor (it/, humeralis, Stephens) appears the middle of August. Wings (ive-sixths to one Inch i first pair deep hrown or black from the base to the middle, then whitish ash, with a pale waved streak towards the hinder margin irrcgulai-ly clouded with brown, having the anteuna: brown. Not scarce. Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. TllK Ki.oONCED Minor (jV. leri>}iniiUs, StephexsI appears the middle of August. Wings five-sixths to one inch one-twelfth, reddish brown, with the hinder margin waved with blackish ; the imtmnx rust brown. Not so plentiful as the preceding. Essex, Middlesex, Kent, and Surrey. The Rustv Minor (M. yiifunriila, Stephens) appears the middle of August. Wings flve-sLxths to one inch, all red brown, with three streaks, which arc pale and very indistinct i on the hinder margin of the first pair is a row of black triangular ores- cent-shaped spots. Scarce. Norfolk and Suffolk. The Barred Minor iM.fasciunculu, Stephens) appears the middle of August. Wings thrce-foui'ths to one inch, buff grey or red i first pair with a broad band of a dai-ker shade in the centre, interrupted by the ordinary stigmata, which aie paler. Rather scarce. Hertfordshire and Middlesex. The Dwarf Minor (M. minima, Stephens) appears the mid- dle of August. Wings two-thirds of an inch, ashy red ; first pair with t»vo spots and the three ordinary streaks of a paler hue ; second pair with a wliite fringe. Very scarce. Cambridgeshire and Kent. CEL-ENA (Stephens). The KinNEV (C. renigera, Stephens). Wings one inch one- thud ; first pair greenish brown, varied with yellow, with a darker baud in the middle, in which the ordinary stigmata are placed i second pair wliitish, with a brown border. Rare. Near Loudon. The White Letter (C. (chcosto/iAo, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-third; first pair rosy brown, with two black lines at the base, a yellowish waved streak towards the posterior margin, and the orilinai-y stigmata buff colour ; second pair with the margin and central spot darker. Local. Cambridgeshire. The Lance (,C. Limcea, Stephens). Wings eleven-hveHlhs to one inch ; first pair of a coppery brown, willi four ptilcr very imllstinct streaks, the first at the Imsc, tlu' soi-mul i.iforo, and the third behind, the middle and tlic lourth iiukiitt-.i. hut slightly curved at the hinder margin j second pair yollowisb iish, with a brown border. Rare. Norfolk, and Cambridgeshire. 74 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Hidernian' ((.'. nihn-ni,;,, Stkpiiens). WiDRSonc inch one. fourth ; first pair ii'dclish iirowii, with a bard townixls tlie hinder raarifin, und un in.lintid stieali paler, liaving: the first stigma indistuict ; sciciiul jiair witli tlic ccutrai crescent and mar- gin darker. Local. Near Dublin. SCOTOPHILA (Stkphkns). The Potti'Hvnv (S. porp/ii/rea, Stephens) appears the end of July. Wings iivc-si,\ths to one inch one-si.\th ; first pair dusky red, with a iiurplish tinge, with several white streaks and spots, margined with black ; second pair ash grey, with a black marginal streak. Caterpillar feeds on various kinds of heath. Scarce. Yorkshire, Kent, and Hampshire. ACHATIA (HUDNKR). The Pine {A. pinipurda, Stephens) appears in March. wings one inch one-third to one-halfi first pair varied with rush brown and yellow, with the ordinary stigmata confluent) second pair brown, with a rosy tint. Calerpiliar bright green, with a white line on the hack and two on each side ; feeds on the Pinus sylvestris and other firs in June. Not scarce. Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Norfolk, and Hertfordshire. ACTEBTA, (Steimikns). The PoRTiANn (A. pr.rmr, Stiihi- - a,q>nars in .June and September. Wings mn -.',;, i iii, !, t «o-thirds ; first pair translucent ashy ) I . ii . , nl red streak to. wai-ds the posterior iu.i- i-i , <.i. ;u ivy ash, with a white fringe. Cater/nH,,, ki>). wnii .1 i.iilv luie on the bnckp feeds on the Sonclius oleraceus, Viola Iriculor, and other plants in sandy places on the coast. Not scarce. North of England, Port, land Island, and Devonshire. TRACHEA (OCHSEN'HEIMEtt). The Orrach M. (T. A/r!/iliris, OciisuKiinninn) ni)|iears the end of June and in Si|>lc ml . (. ^\i^i■ lu. 1 iliiiiisto flve.sLxthsj first pairs . , .,,1 1 ,,1, yellow or green, having a larp. 1 . ..Midpair dusky, with a darker imni, I 1.,,,,,,,//,,, << l> and brown, placed at the posterior angle, Ih- >>Jm. i. .«iil-!ikc in the centre. Caterpillar, grey, witli tlu^ky ami wlnU^b lines, each segment with an oblong black spot, iu which the stigmata are situatctl, having a large brown patch towards the head ; feeds on the elm. Rare. Gloucestershire. The Hawthoun {M. OxnacaiitheB, OcusENnEiMKR) appears the end of September. Wings one inch seven -twelfths to two thirds; first pair vai-ied with hrown, green, and pale, with a white crescent on rlip innn- cdirr ; second pair dusky, with the margin darker, on winrii iih n- is nslmrtish white streak. Cater- pi/fuj", brown, vaiiiii wiih m.uI ;irul wliitc, with a bump behindj fcedson the whiu .uul hl.uk ilumi iu June. Not scai-ce. War- wicksliireand Chti-liin.'. Tne Apnii- {M. Aprilina, OcHSENnBiMEB) appears the middle of April and in October. Wings one inch seven -twelfths to two- thirds ; first pair bright green, with a streak of arrow-shaped spots near the hindL-r rdgc, ami another streak composed of smaller spots on tlu* m;u(^iii itsi-lf ; second pair deep brown, with a white streak at tin- IhihIlt udt^c, and a shortish one at the pos- terior angle, the fringe wliitc, spotted with brown. Caterpillar, variable, ash coloured, with dark spots and lines on the back and sides, or with whitish spots on the back, and whitish Unes on the sides; feeds on the oak, beech, apple, &c. Common. Yorkshire, Essex, Herefordshire, Kent, SuiTey, and Somersetshire. Tuii Makulku Coronet (Jtf. fiompta, Ochsiinhkimkr) ap- pears in June. Wings one inch one-third to one-half; first pair brown, varied with black, with a broad black patch resembling tiie letter N, in the middle towards the upper edge, and a white waved or indented streak near the hinder edj^c, e\|)!uuiiiig into a small spot at the tip; second pair dusky, pnWv at the base. Caterpillar grey, with brownish spots on the back ; feeds on the Lychnis dioica. Not common. Kent and Sussex. The Whitr Spot CoRONBT (M. albimacula, OciiSiENHRiMKR) appeai-s in June. Wings one inch livc-twellths ; first pair olive brown, waved with black and wliii' . mHi li- ntL'rior stigma and a square-shaped spot near it uii : i>' iringcwhite, spotted with black ; second pair \ < ■ ■ i. with a dusky border, and two whitish spots tow. mi. ilh ninrr angle. Very- rare. Kent. 76 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. POLIA (IIii;\ri;,l The SnmiNoBRowN(f. (/f/i. . , 1 ii H , ■ rmnHjappearslhc endofJune. Winjcs one inch 1[k . i ih a i inches; lirst pair ashy brown, with tliree indisii nil ].iii> imiI,^, and towards tlie hinder edge a strealt of conilmin angular spots; second pair dusky, with an obscure marginal line, liaving pectinated hairy antmrue. CrUerpillar feeds on tlie Leontodon taraxacum, and Lactuca sativa. Not scarce. Near London, Norfolli, Suffolk, and Devonshire. TliK T.iwNY Sll-VBR (P. nifem, Curtis.) Wings one inch five-sixths ; first pair brown, with a silvery tinge posteriorly, the kidney.shaped stigma semicircled at the lower extremity with pure white, towards the hinder edge a streak of confluent angu- lar spots, but winter without, having the mitenntB setaceous and naked. Rare. Norfolk, and near London. The Grev Aiumes (/'. /,lmar„lm,i, Stki'ii uvs) am>cnrs the end of June. WioKs mn- incli Kv,' sWllis I.) I wo iMclif> (lEic.sixth; first pair Whitish, clomUil willi l>i()uii, lilaiU, aiMl v.iy laiilt yellow- ish, the stigmata larirf, white, and ninn ,11 1,-^ a-h kh'Y intk centre, near the hinder edge an iniUni .; iu .. i, hr.iK, and a mai-ginal row of dusky spots. Catvriiin i iiiawaved pale reddish streak on the sides, and tw iloonthE Verbascum thapsus. Not rare. Cumin i inni, i ImIuh-, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. The Great Brocaoe (P. occulta, OcH.'iENnEiMER) appears In July. Wings two inches one sixth; first pair clouded with white and brown, with Hiirr viiiti- lira!:., second pair much shorter, ash grey uniliiM. ' i,i ,, i , h lentral crescent, and the hinder margin > . - . i l i . k im the back, the sides brown, with bail . , ,, i,,.l, on the dandelion and lettuce. Scarce. t-iie.>inie, ll^^eA, and l\cnt. The Silverv AucnE.s (P. tmcta, Ochsknheimer) appears the beginning of June. Wings one inch five-sixths to two inches. First pair clouded, silvery ash, with vaiious waved streaks, the oviter one lieing connliili li. witli a brown crcnated streak bi-biLul ihi-nnddir, m ! ,,),, Uimiil marginal herder. C'(>to7 \rll(i\. spoN, a blacWsh lianil ii> ■'■■ ' "■• ut-sliaiiod spots, thelriii ■ ' "1 , withadusky bordor. c..;, ,...;//,.. ,i..i i. ,-,r m, ^^ 1,1 .(...Is on the back, and a yellowish line on the sides ; feeds on lettuce, wonmwood, &c. Notscarce. Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. The BaoAn-BAB White (P. screna, OcnsEvnEiMEn) ! . . tlie end (.r .lone. Wnii;s one lodi ooe-sixlh to ono-tliird ; first pair ashy wiilic, «iiii a Ih.buI du-i, > itimi in ihc miiiille, hounded OneachVidr h\ >,\liui-li lir,,!, ■, iln- sli:jni;it;t ;.sli ei>lnnred with wilite lu:o!Cuis,' li:niii"; Ihr liin-;c |.iile a-li Kiev, siintted with white; second pair a-sh grey, with a central spot and margin dusky, the fringe wliite. CiiterpiUar feeds on the Hieracium umbellatum, Lcontodon hispidum, Sonchus palustris, &c. Not scarce. Kent. Tns BaiNni.ED GnEEN (P. .wlndonia, Stephens) appears the middle of April and middle of October. Wings one inch one- third to one-half; first pair varied with green and ash, with indistinct black streaks, scattered black clouds, and near the hinder edge a pale streak of irregular black triangular spots, and a marginal row of more regnlar black triangular spots ; second pair ash grey, with a brown border, in which is a whitish streak. CatcrpHiar dirty green, with various dusky and pale stripes and dnsky clouds; feeds on the oak. Notscarce. Shropshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. The Jui.v Cm (P. Chi, OcnsBUHEiMEE) appears in July, and frequents barren districts. Wings one inch five-twelfths to one- 78 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. halt; first pair vannuslvclomleil with a'^h, hrnwn, and blacli tlie onlmai-y stipmata white, hotwoon wliich and the inner mar' gm IS a black mark like tlie CriH-U Ictt.i- x ('',/) ; seconf! pair of the male white, with norvurcs and margin ,k>sky, of the female dusky, with a dark marRin. Cutrriiillnr sicen, with two white lines on the sides ; fccdson theAqiulcfia vulKaris, Sonclms olcra. ceus, and S. arvensis, Arctium lappa, Lactuca sativa, &c. Not ^^T^;-,.*??'"''"'*"''' Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Wales, Durham, and Wiltslure. APATELA (HiiBNEa). TnE MiLi.ER {A. Leporina, HiiBNKa) appears the middle of May and Au;;ust. Wings one inch live-twelfths to two-thirds- firstpair wliiti-, with spots and small waving lines black ; second pan- snow wliitc, R-lossy, and without spots, the nervures some, tmics sliRhtly dusky. Caterpillar with yellowish white hairs and several black tufts on the back ; feeds on the alder, willow poplar, birch, elm, ice, in the autumn. Raie. Kent and Surrey. Tub Hark (,A. BniAiipcrrma, STnpnisMs) appears the heginnine of June. Wings one inch live. twelfths to one-half; first pair whitish, sprinkled with minute black spots and lines, the hinder margin strongly spotted with black ; second pair white, with a row of black spots on the hinder margin. Caterpillar grass green, clothed with long white hairs; feeds on the Prunus domestica. Rare. Kent and Surrey. The SvcAMOBE Tussock (/I. /Icms, Stephems) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds; firstpair ashy white, with waved black lines, and the anterior stigma formed by a black ring; second pair whitish, with dusky ncr. vures. Caterpillar covered with long yellow hairs, having five red and yeUow tufts on the back, and a row of white chain-like spots edged with black ; feeds on the horse chestnut, maple, oak, ash, &c., in the autumn. Not scarce. Cambridgeshire and Essex. ACRONYCTA (Ochsenheimeb). The Popi.ab Ghev (A. megacephala, Hawobtii) appears in May or beginning of June, and in autumn. Wings one inch seven-twelfths to two. thirds: first pair ash grey, waved with black, with a \> hi l, i.,. Ih.' I. indc-r niavKin, the ante- rior stigma ash ■ ,.. i.' ,i :,,.. .,. pair wliitr, with the nervures and in -. ,,, ,;,. ,. „.iiii,., with dusky spots. Laterpiltar, with ,, I n •. h,,,.!, huij, hiiiwn, spotted with rusty red, having a iininiosi- yclh>w spot on the hinder segment ; feeds on the poplar and on willows. Not scarce. Hertfordshire. Cam- bridgeshire, and Kent. The Cobonbt (/I. Ligtatri, Ochseniieimer) appears the end of June. Wings one inch five-twclfths to one-half ; first pair vaned with brown and greenish, slightly waved with black, the anterior stigma round, brownish, with a white margin haying a large white coronet-shaped spot near the hinder margin, towards CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. 79 the upper edge ; second pair brown. Caterpillar pale yellowish green, with yellowish white stripes and slender black hairs; feeds on the privet (Ligitstrum vitlgare.) Rather scarce. Derby- shire, Essex, Kent, Surrey and Suffolk. TnB Aldbr {A. Alni, Ociisbmiibimkr) appears the beginning of June. Wings one inch one-half to seven. twelfths ; first pair brownish black, with a large ash-coloured patch at the base and tip, two very deep black lines, one at the base, and the other near the hinder edge towards the posterior aiu'-io, whifh is ash grey, second pair whitish, the fringe of ail i'm ,> ,,,. mi, , inpted withdusky. CVf^^r/^V/ttj- black, with yclln', u- hairs on the back; feeds on alder, ash, will>i\., i. !. i., ,,1.11, &c. Rare. Norfolk, Huntingdonshire, WarwU l,.,hirc, lJui^ct:iiiire, Devonshire, and Hampshire. TiiK Steikakbd (A. strigosa, Ochsenhbimeii.) Wings one inch one-fourth (?) first pair whitish grey, mixed with dusky Ijrown.with three black lines before tlic hiiicr edge; second pair greyish ash, with atraiisvcrst* strt-sik beyond tlie niiddle, and a narrow mai-ginal line. Cafrf/ii/fur yellowish green, with an irregular broad yellowisii brown line on the back, sprinkled with blaek, head reddisii j feeds on the black thorn and mountain ash. Rare. Norfolk. Tub Grby Daoobr (A. Psi, Ociisknheimkr) appears the end of June, and frequents poles, walls, and trunks of trees. Wings one inch one-half to seven -twelfths j fii*st pair ashy brown, hav- ing a faint black ^ towards the tip, and a strong one towards the posterior angle; second pair dusky, with a darker margin. Caterpillar black, with a broad yellow line on the back, and transverse red streaks on the sides ; the fifth segment with alongish black conical protuberance; feeds on the lime, alder, poplar, &c. Very plentiful. Durham, Yorkshii-e, Essex, and Devonshire. Tub Dark Daooer (A. tridens, Ochsbnheimkr) appears in June, and frequents woods and woody places. Wings one inch one half to two Ibinis ; first pair ashy white, having a faint black y lu u 1 >i> 1 im, mil i s(roiit:jei- one towards the poste- rior angle ; sn..! . II ii I h, with a pale ashy niari^-in, and a faint transversr 1, : , luliiiul Ur- niid.il.-. Coltrpiltar Mack, with a nni 1 1 1 ■ i i,>'\ lim- on the back, and a red one on the sides, the fifth scj;nu'nt spotted with white, having a conical protuberance on the back ; feeds on the plum tree, sloe, willow, white thorn, &c. Not uncommon. Essex, near London. TrbSpkar Point (A. ^j/.?pf.s, OciisBNuviMi-it^ vorv ^nnilarto thcpreeeding. Wings one inch to oneinri' 1 >■ -■ Mm.i lirstpair greyish white, with a yellow tinge, a wavri! . ' 1 ' inwards the hinder edge, in wliich arc two y h! 1 hi;,: . i,ir fringe whitish ash, spotted with black; secoiul i»,iii v. luu.li, with a dusky central crescent, a transverse streak behind tlic middle and posterior border. Rare. Kent. Tub (Joi.niLocKs {A. aMncoma,-HAwoRTU) appears the begin- ning of June, Wings one Inch five-twelfths to seven-twelfths ; 80 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. first pair whitish nsli, black, and tow i.J . i lu nating at tin i , . . . , > ,: i, , niiiimj;' tlip x^Ai'ke character. ' -, , . i ; i,', , ii , Ni,\\ s|ioi(incach segment, ami .M-.M-r !.■■-., h m -. >.HiA,ili rni ; (.\mIs on birch, aspen, heatli, bramble, woitk-beiry, &c., in autumn. J.ocal. Surrey. Thk Light Knot-orass (A. shnllix, Curtis). Found with the precedint:, of which it is iirfibahly a small variety. Wines one inch five twelfths, ash ;;-rcv: first pair willi a somewhat waved blaeli streak lutnre the middle, an nl)li(iue shortish dusky one in the middle, and a third .somewhat like a necklace, and white, towards the hinder margin an indented black streak, with a faint y at the posterior angle. Not rare. Surrey. Thb Buck-bean (A. Ment/anthrdis, Ociisbnhbimbr) appears iu June. Wings one inch one-half to seven-twelfths ; first pair whitish ash, clouded with brown, with tin- n]diii:Li\ sihiIs black, and towards the hinder edge a waved iiiri Imih m, ,i streak, bearing the t mark nearthe posterior a nrir, iii- nti, i mr stigma is small, and formed by a black ring; see(]nd |r;iirir,ii\ ^riey, with a central spot and margin dusky. I'atn-piUnv black, with a brownish red stripe ou the sides above the legs ; feeds on the Menyanthes trifoUata. Not scarce. Yorkshire. The Dock (A> Rumins, OrnsiEvnFiMFn) appears the begin- ning of May. Wings one inch five tweUtlis to one-half ; first pair varied with ashy and hrnwn. with lilack wjived siroaksand a whitish patch at the inner ed^e ; seeonit p;ui- ash v:\-vy, with a dusky margin. Caterpillar dujiky, spotted willi white and red, with a yellow line on the sides ; feeds on the bramble, dock, poplar, &c., in autumn. Pupa brown. Common. Cheshire, Norfolk, Essex, Hampshire, and Devonshire. Thk SPunoE (j4.JEM/?A(M-fi/«,HAWonTH). Wings oneincli fivc- twelftlis to one-half, ash grey ; first pair waveil with brown, the stigmata whitish, behind which is an ashy streak in form of a necklace. (Caterpillar light brown, with black spots on the back, and a rusty brown crescent on the neck ; feeds on the Euphorbia csula, and E. cyparissias. Rare. Near London, and Hampshire, The Eve Bnion T f.'I. EKphrnnia; OciisENin nncn) appears in June. ■\Viii"-':iii- urti nnr.lin.1f, ^v-\ pniryello V ash. with brown streal.- ■ ■ i ■ ,;;';;;';J;|'; '';;,lv^:;|'',;'^;; ilral errseent aoil ,H>donuii vellow ash. ( '"'' ■-ii''i.n- i.i''i , \\ \\\\ -.y scncs Ml w iiiif pnlson the back, and dusky ones on tlie sides; legs black ; feeds o 1 the white thorn, Rare. Near London, and BRYOPHILA (OCHSENHBIMKR). The Bisnor {/). glandifcm, OcnsENnEiMKn) appears the end of June. Winus flcven-twclfths to one inch onc-slxth ; first pair brlglit green, with various large blaelt patches, more or less CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 81 bordered with black, the upper edge ftnd fringe, spotted with black; second pair dusky, with a darker margin and white fringe. VulerpHlnr dull yellow, with black spots, and a whitish line on the back ; feeds on the Lichen sa.\atilis. Not uncommon. Middlesex, and Ilampshure. Tbk Makblhd Bbauty (D.perla, OcnsBNiiniMER) appears the end of July and beginning of August, and frequents old walls. Wings clcvciilwcllths to oiic inch ; first pair whitish, witlibbfK ^> .u,(l li 111 ,w I -(■ ii ,■ il , iiir stigmata largo, brown, andlMinli I. I ■ ill; . l> ; , , ,,p,i , , , , hy white, with the cen- tral crcsc. I" ,. ,1,1 ,.,.,, ■ i,ky. Cilrr/iilliii; yel- lowishKi.), \Mih ,, 1,1,,- I, ii,;,i i, ,1- ,11, the Lichen saxatilis. Plcntilul. ESM-ti, Kent, and Surrey. DIPHTHERA (Hubnek). Thb Sporteb (D. ludifieu, Tbeitscukk). Said to be British on doubtful authority. TflE RuNrc (i). runica, Ochsbnhkimeb) appears the begin- nincof June. Wings one inch one-third to five-twelfths, first pair very bright green, with luiincroiis blacli spots bordered with white, ruHl a niargiii.il scriis i,| tiiaiigiilar black spots; •econdpair marly black, willi small whito siiots at the posterior angle-fringe while with brown spcls. Cilc-inHiir, dusky, with large tawny and minute white spots on the back. Rare. Nor- folk, Kent, Somersetshire, and Devonshire. The Ohio.') (D. Orion, Ocusenueimeb.) Perhaps a variety of the preceding. THYATIRA (OcHSENBKrMKB). The Buff Arches (T. di-rum, OcnsiiNHKiMEB) appears the oodofjuly, or the lu-girniing of Auk'ust. Wings one inch one- lialf til iwcitliinls; first, pair \vitli"ut scales, variegated with wlUle and l.awny, in Ihc middle with brown and whitish, with two white bands converging imslcriorly ; second pair dusky, Jfith a tinge of red. Cati-rpUlar, greenish yellow, with dusky brown spots and black lines. Rather common. Hertfordshure, Essex, Kent, and Devonshire. Thb Pk \ru Hi f>ssn» {T. Imtis, OcnsKNHEiMER) appears the middle oi I,,,,, i , ih, \,i,i of July. Wings one inch five-twelfths toseven 1,, ii,i, ,1, I pair olive-brown, with five pale rose-co- loured s|i,„ ,, ,,, ,.,, ;,,, ii iliat on the posterior angle is the largest, with a iiiiiiiitL uiic atljoining it ; second pair dusky, with a pale waved streak behind the middle. CatiTpillm; ru.st.brown or iliisky, with bumps on the back, and a zigzag streak on the >wes i feeds on the bramble. Not rare. Norfolk, Essex, Kent, una Suircy. ERIOPUS (Thkitschre). Tbb Pern (E. IHmdia, OciisENnBiMBB). Said to be British en aoubtlul authority. 82 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. CALYPTRA (OCIISHNHKIMKR). The Herald (C. Libatrix, Ocmsknmki.mku) appears in April and end of July. Wiiigs one inch two tliiids fo flvc-sixths; tiret pair grey, clouded with brown, witli two snow-white spots, and towards the hinder margin is a slantinR wliitc streak ; second pair dusky, with a darker streak behind tiie niiildle. CutcrpiUar green, with reddish stigmata, and a white line on the sides; feeds on the poplar and willow. Not uncommon. Cumberlanil Durham, Yorkshire, Essex, and Hampshire. CEROPACHA (Stbpbbns). The Satin Carpet (f. fluctmsa, Stephens) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch one-tliird to two-tliirdsj flrst pair ashy wlUte, with a very broad brown band in the middle, in which are some dark wavy streaks, and a black crescent in plaee of the posterior stigma ; second pair whitish, with a streak be- hind the middle, and the hinder margin dusky. CaterpiUar, yellowish white, with dusky brown head; feeds on the bircl). Not common. Kent and Surrey. Thk Twin Point Carpet (C. duplaris, Stephens) appean the middle of June, and frequents woody places. Wings one inch one-quarter to one-half ; first pair a-sh grey, with a very broad dusky band in the middle, in which .-nc two lilark spots; second paii- brownish ash, with a pale oh m , h. .1. inliind the middle, and a dusky central crcsccm, yiUowlsh green, with a red line on the back, im' . Ii ; dots; the head reddish brown ; feeds on the poijUu. ,sul lu.ucc. Kent, Surrey, Hampshire, and Devonshure. The Dwark Lutestring (C. diluta, Stephens) appears the end of August. Wings one inch one-quarter to one-half; first pair ash-coloured, with two striiiKlit rusty-biown indistinct bands, with a brown wavy sticak hchind tlicin ; scconil )iuir whitish, with a band behind the niiihllc. and liimhv iii:ir"in ashy grey; the fringe whitish. Cafer/iilla,; palo, witli a dusky line on the back, and black head ; feeds on the oak. Rare. Essex, Kent, and Hampshire. The PopiAR LuTEsTRiNO (C. Or, Stephens) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-half to two-thu-ds ; flrst paii ash colour, with brown waved streaks, and a central grey spot greatly resembling the letters OR. CnterpiUar, green, with a brown head, with the anterior margin black ; feeds on poplar. Rare. Essex, Kent, and Devonshire. The Fiourk 90 (C. octogpsima, Stephens) appears the end of May, or beginning of July. Wings, first pair purplish, with brown waved streaks, and a yellow central patch, nearly repre- senting the figure 80 ; second pair whitish, with an obscure band • behind the middle, and the liinder margin dusky. Caterpillar, yeUow, with black dots on the back, and brown head ; feeds on the poplar. Rare. Shropshire, Warwickshire, and Gloucester- shurc. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 83 Thk YEI.I.OW-IIOHNED (C.jfnm'rara;.i', STnirrnNSl appears the end of I'ebraary, or beginning of Marrli. Wiiiprs one incli one- half to scven-twelftlis ; first pair asli.i-nliMMTd, witli three blacl< strea1 « h ,is, and four yeUowish streaks; second pair dusky, witli pale ashy fringe. Caterpillar, whitish green, with pale stripes and small white spots ; the head black and forehead white ; feeds on the poplar. Scarce. Essex, Kent, and Surrey. The Gold Tongue ( T.retusa, Ochsenheimeb) appears the end of .July. Wings one inch to one inch one-twelfth ; first pair grey brown, with four paler streaks edged with white ; the first and hinder stigmata ear-sliapcd, olive, with a pale border ; the third stigma very indistinct, tlic fringe chestnut brown, second pair dusky, with pale reddish fringe. Caterpillar, green, and very slender, with three white lines on the back, and one on thesidcs ; feeds on the sallow and poplar. Not common. Essex, Kent, Surrey, Hertfordshu-e, and Devonshire. TnE Slender GoldTonoue (r.yqrnd/is, Stephens). Wings one inch one-twclfth ; differs from the preceding, with which it is found, in liaving a longer and more slender body; the first pair of wings dai-ker, with the streaks less yeUowish, the third being straight, and the fourth wanting ; the stigmata have pale margins. Scarce. Essex, Kent, and Surrey. BOMBYCIA (HUbnkr). Toe Osier (B. Ktmma(M, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch to one-fourth ; first pair glossy ashy red, with black clouds ; the ordinary stigmata with interrupted black margins, the base with a black line ; second pair grey, with a black streak on the margin ; fringe of all the wings hairy. Caterpillar pale green, witli five wliitish stripes ; head brown, witli black spots ; 04 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. feeds on various kinds of willow. Not common. Hertfords Kent, and Surrey. CYMATOPHOUA (Trkitschkk). The Dakk Heart (<;. ().,. Stici-iikm^) iippcars the Ijeginnint of June to end of Mav. Wind's uri.' inch niR- iniirtli, to seven, twelfths; first pair yell.nvisli, witli nist-inl haiuls. anil slightly waved streaks i the mdinary stitcmata yiUuw, the liinder one heart-shaped; second pair white. Calerpillin; brownish ni with white spots and lines ; head black ; feeds on the oak. Not common. Yorkshiie, Essex, and Kent. COSMIA (OrnSENHKlMEn). The White Spot Pinion (C. dijfims, Ochsenheimbk) appears the middle of August. Wings one inch one-sixth, to one-third • flrstpair rosy-brown, with timr iv,l hr-l , tliree white snots ontheuppcredgc, anda Ilia. I IX. iM , ■ > iIm lip; second pair very dusky with a yellow lull . . -loen, with wliitc stripes; head and fore let'^ 111 u I m i il mi i lie dm. Not plen. tiful. Hertfordshire, Sui-iey, ami Uuvun^lure. The Twin Spot Pinion (Caffini.,, Ochsenheimer) appear the end of July. Wmgs one incli one-twelfth to one-sixth ; tei pau- rusty or greyish brown, with two wiiite streaks, and a twin black spot at Oie tip; second pair black, with a ycEowish fringe. Ciiterjxlltir, greenish- white, with green lines; each segment with a black crescent ; feeds on tlie elm. Not scarce. Hertford- shire, and SuiTey. The Crescent Pinion (C. Pyralimt, OcnsENnEuiER) appears the end of July. Wings one inch one-fourth to flve-hvelftlisi first pair purpUsh red, with stiongly waved streaks, and a wllilc cresccnt-hke patch on the upper edge towards the posterior mar- gin; frmge ycUowish red; seconil pair pale red, witli redfruige. Oalerpillnr, green, with five white lines, and some white spots on the back. Raic. Norfolk, Essex, and Kent. The Dcnbar (C. trapelzina, Ochsenheimer) appears the end of July. Wings one inch one-fourtli to flvc-tvvclttlis ; first pair grey, yellowish or reddish, with darker streaks, a centi-al black spot, and the hinder margin spotted with black; second pained, with the upper edge yeUowish, and the fringe red. Culerpilkt, green or dusky, with ash coloiured streaks and ycUowish spots; feeds on oak, lime, hazel, &c. Common. Glamorganshire, Shropshire, near London, and Devonshire. The Angle Stripe (C.fulvngo, OcnsENnEijiER) appears the end of July. Wingsone inch five-twelfths to two three- fourths; first pair plain or deep yeUow, with adistinct reddisli one-anglcd streak before the middle, and a somewhat waved one behind tlic middle; the stigmata paler; the hinder margin with a Mock spot; second pair straw colour. CahrpUliir, duU green, with a whitish stripe on the back, and three pale ones on the bides; feeds on the birch. Very rare. Kent. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 85 XANTIIU aiiiiiMFnl THE Pink-Bar (X./lfi;, " i ,,,,„:,,- li..- ii.- in,, inpc of September. Wings onr i,,, ■ ., ' iiair oraugccoloHred, with pui i !i ;, . ,nl disc, auda slanting spotted bill, il ,.„ ii,, i, nn i,ii,,l iIil middle ; friogc punilish; second pair pulo v i!" . 'i i, ,1 nlisciurc dusky streak behind the middle; frin.L'-,' ■ i'< . t ', :, rjiillttr, brown, rather clouded, with dusky, haviiit^ ,1.1,1,11 iii,,,i; feeds on the sallow and plantain. Notscai'cc. Ivial.iutd tiuircy. Tiiii GotDKN Sai.i.ow (X.fulvago, ConTis) appears the middle of September. Wings one inch one-fourth to flve-twelfths ; first pair yellow, clouded with bright gold, with two very much inter- rupted reddish brown spotted bands j second pair yellowish white with a primrose yellow fringe ; thorax yellow. CiUerjiiUar, pale, with a brown head ; feeds on the birch. Very common. Near London. The Lemon Sallow (.Y. nUmgo, Haworth). Wings one incli one tliird to five- twelfths ; first pair lemon coloured, with a dusky apot behind the middle, and a streak of dusky spots towards the hinder margin ; second pair and fringe pure wUte. Very raie. Essex, Kent, and Surrey. Tub Bakiibu Sallow (X. mtrago, Haworth) appears the end of August or beginning of September. Wings one inch one- third to flvc-sevcnths-, first pair K.ildin j i-llnw, clouded with red, with two dusky purplish bands ; sc, mid |,;,ii wliitish, with a posterior streak, margin and fringe nd. (;ii,r]iiilnr, grey, with small slanting red lines ; feeds on sullow.s luul willows. Not common. Kent and Surrey. Tub Ckntbk-Bab (.V. cenbago.Cvfms). Wings one inch onc-third to live-twelfths 1 first pair crenate golden orange, with a browni.sh one-angled band in the middle, ill"! H"' liindiT margin of the same colour i second pair pale ri-d,ii 1, v,ii,,\, dinkcrat the margin, witll Uvo obscure streaks bihn 1 1 innge brown. Rare, North of England, Norl,, 11., ' ' , !,iie. Tirs Okan'oe Sallow (X. cUraga. llA«„,iin, .nin.ais the middle of Aiiirust. Wings one inch one-thud to one-half j first pair briKlit iiransc yellow, with the streaks and margins of the stigmata biinvnisli red. CaterpiUar, brown, with a pale streak on the back anil sides, and a yellowish line above the legs, head reddish ; feeds on tlie lime. Kather scarce. Essex. Tub FRiNaE(X./m6)wo, Stbphkns). Wings one inch one- third ; first pair ycUow, clouded with red, with the hinder margin very broad and duskyred ; second pair reddish yellow, witll the base wliitish. Very rare. Locality unknown. Trb Oranok Uppeuwino (.V. mrmgn, Ocusenhkiher) appears in September. Wings one incli one-twcllth to onc-thu-dj first pair and stigmata golden orange, with brown streaks and spots, and tlie anterior margin spotted with whites second pair white, with a transverse rosy waved streak towards the middle, sometimes very indistinct. Caterpillar, yeUowlsh, with a brown Ob CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. line on the back, and slanting orange-streaks on the sides; feeds on the oak. Not scaixe. Hertfordshire, Surrey, Kent, and De- vonshire. Thk Flounced Rustic (.V. rufinn, OcHSENnEiMKR) appears in September, and frequents woody places. Wings one inch onc-tbird to one-half; first pair red, the base with a darker waved band, the Stigmata paler, between which is an angulated streak of a deeper colour, then a broad posterior band of oblong confluent spots ; second pair dusky, yellowish at tlie l)ase, with the hinder margin and fringe red. Vatn-pilhir, reddish brown, spotted with white, and a white line on tlic sides ; feeds on the oak. Not very common. Essex, Heitfordsliire, Kent, aud Surrey. GORTYNA (OcnsRvnurMKR). The Rosy Rustic {G. micuvca, Curtis) appears the end of July or beginning of August. Wings one inch one-fourth to seven-twelfths ; first pair dusky, with a rosy tinge and brown streaks, darkest in the middle ; the stigmata paler ; a very slender dusky marginal band, and fringe ashy brown with a rosy tingC; second pair^vhitish, with ahrown streak in the centre. CaterpiHar, flesh red, with small black dots, a red line on the back, and a pale streak on the sides ; feeds on bulbous roots. Ratlier scarce. Near London, Cork, Norfolk, Devonshire, and Hampshire. The Mottled Oiiangk (G. flavago, Ochsenheimbr] appears the middle of September. Wings one inch one-third to seven- twelfths; first pair golden yellow, sprinkled with brown spots, and having two r.'ddisli brown bunds ; the stigmata yellowish; second pair whitish, with a etntnU errseent, two indistinct streaks, and cresecnr-shaped. one ;it the margin, and fringe ashy broNvn ; feeds on the i)itli of tlic burdock. Not scarce. York- shire. Tub Mottled Yellow (G. Luteago, Ochsbnukimrr) a native of Russia and Hungary. Said to be British ou doubtful authority. NONAGRIA {OCHSKWHEIMBR). Thk Bulrush {N. Typha;, OcnsKXHEiMER) appears the middle of August among bull-rushes. Wings one inch threc-fourthu to two inches; first pair dusky brown, with the nervures white towards the hinder margin, with small black points or dots dis- posed in streaks, particularly towards the hinder edge; second pair whitish, with a central spot, border, and marginal streak eoinpuscd of rre-, A (7, pair !i~li pair (In 1 spotted W'li first scKinoj t lihi CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 87 of indistinct brown spots towards tlic liindcr margin ; second pair white. Rare. Surrey. TiiB I.AROE Wainscot {N. crmsicornis, Stephens). Wings one incli eleven twclftlLS j first pair veined witli deep yellow white, and asliy, with very numerous minute brown spots, and about six larger ones towards the liiuder margin, disposed in an arched streak ; second pair brown, with yellowish fringe. Very rare. Norfolk. Tnn Rbed (JV. Canjuc, Ochsbnueimeb). Wings one inch two-thirds; first pair reddish yellow, with a single scries of dusky points, forming an arched streak towards the hinder edge ; an indistinct dusky spot in the centre; second pair yellowish. Bare. Yorkshire. LEUCANIA (OCH-KKNIIEIMKR). ■imri, OcnsKNMEiMER) appcars the begin- (liic inch five twelfths to one-half; first 111 u-k lines and white nervurcs; second iir ba-se. CaterpilVir, dull reddish brown, .1 iiig three black stripes on the back ; the . „,„ .ilh three white lines; feeds on the com- 1 sorrel. Rather scarce. Near Dublin, Yorkshire, Kent, and Surrey. TiiK Shore (Z,. lUtoralis, Stephens) appears ontlie sea coast. Wings one inch one-half to seven-twelfths ; first pair buff-colour, with a three-forked central line, margined with black or brown, with white nervures ; second pair white. Rare. Cumberland and Hampshire. The Old Wainscot (L. ohsolfta, Ochsenhkimer) appears in June. Wings one inch one-half to seven-twelfths; first pair yellowish brown, with a central spot and nervures white, with a streak and e.vtcrnal margin dotted with black ; second pair a-shy grey, with the tip and fringe whitish, and a few small black spots on tlic margin. Very rare. Middlesex. Tns SsioKV Wainscot (L. impura, Ochskkhelmkr) appears the middle of July in woody places. WiiiK^^ ""<■ ""'h ""e-third to Ave- twelfths; first pair yellowish brown, wiUi iIh' mrvures whitish, and three black spots placed in n irhuii;!. i.. umd;the middle; second pair greyish brown, with an in.lisliml central crescent, and pale fringe. Caterpitlar, straw colour, with a slen- der line on the back, and a dull yellowish streak on the sides , feeds on Carices. Common. Near London. Trb Dotted Bordkh (r. ,,H,fli„„, Stephens) appcars in woody places. Wings. .in in.i, i.m i ,, ,iiths to one-hall, entirely reddish; first pair d..ii.,i v.,\u imwn on the hinder edge; second pair pale, broadlj iisli> u. wauls the posterior angle. Not scarce. Near London. Tre Arched Wainscot (t. arctmta, Stephens) appears the heginning of July. Wings one inch five-twelfths; first pair pale straw coloured, with two black spots in the centre ; second f*'' CONSPECTDS OP MOTHS. pair wliite, tinsprt with ashy, with an arclied series of brown spots behmil the middle, fringe white. Rare. Surrey. ^J"^-L'i'-'' W^'NscoT (t. pallem. OcHsENneiMER) appear, the puddle of July, and frequents gaidc-ns, hodccs, hor< lers ot woods and shady lanes. Wings one i.i. h ni, :„, !,ih. to nn? half; first pair palcdusky,with-whito 11. , 'urehlori,"" dots Iiehind the middle placed in a triaipt , ,, wiS or in certain positions very pale dusky. ( ,;, , ,,,/,., dusky with P^«"°ts and four whitish streaks. Not scarce, 'tumhe'rland flJI!".^,'^*^ Wainscot (L. rufescms, Curtis). Wings one inch flvc.twelflhs to one-half i first pair reddish, witliout spote second pair whitish, with the nervures in certain lights duskv' c"Seriand and'Sx." '""'^ °' ''■ """"■'■ """' '''"'°"'"'^' iZ'l.^ SpRixBLEi) Wainscot ft. siiffum, Stephens) appeare in Juno. Wings one inch flve.t^velfths ; first pair reddish, mth ashy streaks, a central spot, and two indistinct small Unes duskv- second pair whitish, witli a brown cloud towards the hinder edge. Scarce. Norfolk, Essex, and Surrey. The OcHBB Wainscot (r,. ochrami, Stephens) appears tlie end of August and in September. Wings one inch oue-twclfth. nrst pair pale buft' coloured without spots, very indistincUv streaked with dusky ; second pair ashy wlute, darker at the margin. Rare. Cambridgeshire and Kent. TiiB Wavei, Wainscot (i. fliua, Stephens) appears the end j^. I'^V "''"*^' <">«in<^h to one inch one-twelfth; first pair reddish brown, wiUi lilackish spots and nervures ; second pair dusky, eyes naked. Scarce. Cambridgeshire and Surrey. The REim Wainscot (/,. pygmmii, Stephens) appears in August and middle of September. Wings five-sixths to one inch- first pair reddish, with the anterior margin and fringe of a deeper colour i second pair dusky ; abdomen white ; eyes naked - thorax reddish. Not common. Hertfordshire, Essex, and Surrey. The LioHT Wainscot (i. ;)a«frfa, Stephens) appears near marshes. Wings three-fourths of an inch ; first pair whitish buir colour, without spots, with the nervures at tlie tip sprinkled with minute black .spots i second pair whitish, frinec white- eyes naked. Rare. Essex. bv. vrui>,, rZl'l?^'^^-^-^ Wains, n , ,.. „, ,„„ „, Stephens) appears near Tw^imcfn,CuRTis)appeiirs I in autumn. Wings flve-sixths of an inch to eleven-twelftlis ; first pair dusky red, witli a broad red fillet on the inner edge, and a CONSPECTUS OE MOTHS. 89 small snow-white twin spot in place of the hinder stigma; second pair dusky. Rare. TiiK Drmurk Wainscot (£.. pudorina, OcnsENiiKlsiKn) ap- pears in Jime. Winijs one iiicli scvon-twolftlis to threc-fourths; nrstpairiralc Husky rt'ii, |nin!.l>.i -aImi l.laclc spots, and a dark streak iihiii-.l l.'MKtIuvui i l.isky red. ViiterpUlar (tail yelli.wisli whitf, wiiii ■ on tlie back, and a dusky wliitt'oiK' (Ml tlir slii, 111 ,mI iiiM.vii. Notcommon. Cam- bridgesliirc and llalnpsiiirc. Tub WtiitkSimxk (t. i/nipunrfo, STErnENs). Wings one inch two-thirds ; first pair reddish, sprinkled with grey, with a slant- ing dusky streak at the tip, and a minute white dot at the base of the hinder stigma ; fringe rusty. Rare. SIMYRA (OlHSKNMIEIMKR). Tub MOUSEI.ET (t. musrulus,:, OciisKNHEiMER) appears near marehes. Wings one inch niu-Umitli to one-third; first pair buff-colour, tinged with Kripuisli, williout spots, and having the nervurcs paler ; second pair ^md a second in the middle ; second pairaiul alul "'■ Ca- itrpiffar, above yellowish, with red, bidv'.fi .■ ,.iisand dots,ayeUow line on the sides, intenuplLd v.illi in j.ui spots, beueath reddish ; feeds on Carices. I'tqm blacli brown, enclosed in a cocoon. Not scarce. Cambridgeshire. The Veined Wainscot (S. nervosa, OcnsENnEiMER) aiipears in June and the end of August. Wings one inch one-fnurth to one-third ; first pair pale ashy brown, with liroail wliitisli lines in certain positions, with the nervurcs yellow ; sccnnil pair ash- coloured, with brown nerviu-es. Caterpillar feeds on the elm. Very rare. Norfolk and Kent. PHLOGOPHORA (Treitschke). Trb ANOt,E-SHA»ES (I'll. mHli-iilnxa. OillsEMlKlMnn) appears ttiellPllillllinfrof May, l.riniiiiir I.I .11 ,,inil h. - i- .il .Scp- temlier. WiiiKs one in. h 1. 1. 1 pair palerusv-wliili', witli :i ■■" ■ .■■■': • < ■'■ iniddle; second pair vvliitish, wiili (h.. m. mn,. , i, ,i ,i. . ,.,>l,.inda streak behind the middle, and a sociind towards tlic lninlfr edge, dusky, Ciiterpitlar, green or brownish, with a wliitc line on the back and sides; feeds upon pot-herbs, Ike I'lipa, hiiglit red- brown. Common. Cumbcriand, Durham, York, and Kent. CUCULLIA (SCHRANK). The Water Betonv (C. Scropltttlnria, Ochsenheimer) ap- licats in April and September. Wiugs one inch two-thirds to three- 90 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. fourths; first pair buff coloured, dusky iimwn at fi,o mara-in. with a pale mark towards the analanrl.- 1. .,.,1.11,, n,, riL-uSi second pair whitish, with a brown bord,, , -f.-pn.-.K white, the head yellowish, the back im.i ,1, ,,i, ,,;,7.. kS and yellow spots; feeds ou the Verl)u:.nui. .uui .Stiuniiulari? Scarce. Suffolk, Middlesex, Kent, Suricy. a.id GlouccstereWre MuLLEm (C. KcMnsri OcHSENiiBiMKR) appears April and May. Winifs one inch three-fourths to two inches ; first pair blackish brown, with the maririns darker, in the middle of tte inner edge is a pale white patch resembling the flifure 3, or the Greek letter f , second pair white, with n very broad blackish border. Caterpillar, ash-co\omea or whitish, with yellow ana black spots ; feeds on the various species of Verbascum in Julv Not scarce. Suffolk, Hertfordshire, and Kent. i.,T,!"' w'-'""'"''''-"^; i"'""';- Cunxis) appears the beginning of July. Winffs one inch fivc.si.Nths to two inches ; first pair dusky brown, with a very hrnad whitish streak ; second pair asiiv brown; darker mtliefenmlc. Caterpillar, with the head brownish, spotteil with (lu.sky, abroad yellow stripe ou the back, beneath Wlucli is a narrovycr violet one, then a broad duU green one, and then a whitish ycUow one, the legs green ; feeds on various spc cies of star. wort. Not common. Norfolk, Middlesex, Kent, and Tim Shupherb's Club (C. Thapsiphaga, Ochshnheimbb) appears in June. Wings one inch five-si.\ths ; first pair ashy white, with dusky margins and two rows of black dots toward, the hinder edge. Rare. Kent. ^iJ"? f",*"^ [C. Vml,r„Hr„. "rii-iKVMKiMKR) appears the mid- die of July, and frei|ii. nl^ i,,m t.s, Wings one inch two thirds to two inches ; rii„l |.,i, sl,,,,k,.,l with hoary, with a ccn. tral rusty patch, and ablaci, l„MBitu,linal line having contiguouj black .spots ; second pair wliitish, with dusky nervures. Cater. pillar, blackish, with three rows of red spots : feeds on the Sonchus oleraeeus and L. arvensis. Not very common. York, shire, Shropshire, Suffolk, Essex, and Surrey. Thb Lettucb Shark (C. Laetuca:. Stbpiikns) appears In July. Wmgs one inch hve-sixths to two inches ; first pair obscure ash coloured waved with brown, reddish in the centre- under, neath dusky, pale at the base and margin, with three whitish spots on the upper edge ; second pair dusky, with a whit. ish disk. Caterpillar, black, with white rings on the sides, and a tawny line and spot on the back ; head black ; an anterior forked white line ; feeds on the lettuce, &c. Scarce. Yorkshire. Kent, and Surrey. Tub Tansy Shark {C.Tamceti. Stepukms) appears the enii i of July. Wings one inch two-thirds to five sixths ■ first pair streaked with hoary, having two black lines lengthwise and three spots on the upper edge j second pair above white, with a blackish margin ; underneath spotless. Caterpillar ash coloured, spotted with black and lined with yeUow; feeds on the tansy. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 91 womwood, &c. Scarce. North Wales, Norfolk, Suffolk, near Lonilon, and Devonshire. The NioiiT Shabe (C. luctfu{;a, STEPnKNS) appears the bcKinnlnB of .luly. WinRS one inch flve-sixths; first pair of a bliiisli nsh, witli binok ni-ivincs anil IcnKthwisc streaks; second pair on Ijiilli sidiB iliiskv, iliiilM'r Rt till- hfiiclii. CiderpUlar, doll yellow Willi Kiwiiivli blue s|i.its, and iniii- slii-iiks on the sides i hcad.sliiiiinKliiiiwn-, iLCils on Sonchus olcraccus.&c. Not com- mon.* Shropshire. TnsCHAMO.MiLK Share (C. Chiimomillie, STEruKMs) appears in June. Wings one inch one-half to three fourths, ash colour, drstpair streaked with hlnck, with two hairy spots in the mid- dle, and three ash colouic-tl siiots on flic upper edcc ; underneath with three white spots (in ih,. upper imIl'c i sccniicl pair streaked, with white frinKC; uiuli-nicalli with a suiull central brown cres- cent. Calerpiliiir. ash cnloiucd, with two curved rusty lines on both sides of each scprment ; when young spotted with white and feeds on the flower of the Chamomile. Bare. Essex, Kent, Hampshire, and Devonshire. The Twin Suauk (C. fissinfi, STKniENS) appears in April. Wings OHO inch one-llalf to seven twelfths ; first pair streaked, clouilod with brown, witli a wliilisli somewhat central spot; yellow; second pail- Ill-own ; laillorUed. Not common. Essex, Kent, S\irrey, Devonsliirc, and Hampshire. TnB Cudweed (C. Onaphalii, STEPnENa). Said to be British on doubtful authority. Thb Wormwood {C. Msinlliii, Ochskniibimer) appears the beKuming of July. Wings one inch one-half to seven-twelfths ; first pair hoary white, with black hands, and spots disposed in a square, a row of black dots on the hinder margin ; second pair whitish, with a brown band. Caterpillar, green, streaked with yellow and red spots; feeds on wormwood. Pupa in a case, brown, anteriorly green. Not scarce. South Wales, Middlesex, and Devonshire. Tan Muo-WORT Share (C. Artemisia:, Ochseniieimkr) ap- pears in June. Wings one inch one-half; first pair green, with silvery spots : second pair whitish, with a pale ashy margin j fringe of all the wings white. Caterpillar hairy, green, spotted with white, with a scries of red tubercles on the back and sides ; feeds on the Artemisia sylvestris. Pupa green, enclosed in a case. Rare. Oxfordshire. CALOPHASIA (Stephens). The T0An-Fi,AX (C. Linariiv, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-quarter; first pair brownish ash, streaked with white and black, with a white kidney-shaped spot, margined with black towards the hinder edge ; second pair liale brown, with the nervures and margin dusky, fringe white. Caterpillar pale yellow, with a broad stripe on the back, and 92 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. black aud white sh-caks on the sides; head ash-coloured, with black spots; feeds ou the Antirrhinum llnarla. Raie. Essex. CHARICLEA (STKiMi'iNS). The Pbasb Blossom (C. l),-l,,l,:„ii. (C. i; 1 1 , !iihu-,,, s in June. Wiu(ir.s one Inch one-quarter to iiiii-tliiH' imuJ with a purjilish hand at the base, and luiutlur t<.-, ■ i.iulir mar ginj onthe niiOKin n streak ot tin- ^!lnu^ i h.in • I .yellow White, and lout r , ii,:„ ,,,,-. „i tlie ?iurlii,r; second iwir white, with a brown \, ly margined with purple; fringe white. Ca/r-'/-' : I with black spots, aud two yellow lines; feeds uii i:, II, ,„,n. Rare. Berkshire. EREMOBIA (Stephens). The DusKy Sallow (iS. ochrolmca, Stkphens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-third to oue-hnlf; first pnir varicil with hoary white and ash, with a dusky spui at the base of the upper, and three dusky bands; fringe white, sjiotted with ash. colour; second paU- brownish, with a dark border ; irinRe white. Caterpillar, faint yellow, with a bright yeUow streak on the sides; feeds on wheat. Not common. Norfolk, Bedfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. ABROSTOLA (OcnsicxniiMiBn). Tkk Dare Spectacle i,A. Iriiilnxi,!. ()( iisuvnEiMEii) ap. pears in July, in gardens, and near w.iod si.i, s. Wings one inch one-third to livc-lwellths; tiist pair tTcvisli l.rown, paler at the ^'rcy, and /ith tw, turneriinan ,, Ilie siiKiiiala i.ali- lirowri';'s'e'eoiid pair asli i-oI.um. three tirst sr^ni with a black .siiu shire aud Essex. The Spectacle (.-f. Asrlepi'tiHx, OrnsKviiPTjiKn) appeal's the end of July on b:.i.t« \vi ii„-ii ,.i.r, third to one-half, o( a brownish I.I, . i i. i i ,. ii i . i, with an arched streakat the 1. , : . ,,i .■. t-urning in an opposite dir... „;,,, ili;. outer edge. C(/,,u. ., )i How line on the sides; feeds upon UiuAi,clcpia»viiicetu.xieuiu. Rare. North of England. The Nettle {A. Urtirre? STnrnnNs) appears the end of July on banks, in woody pi... . , ; . i\ mils one inch one-third to seven-twelfths ; flrst |i.i i . i . i i i , . , >wii and glaucous, with two arched streaks, tn . ,.isc; second pair dusky. CuleriiiUar, glass-green, .1 .iiuii li stripe on the sides; tlic fourth and fifth segmenLs willi a blai k patch, with a white bor- der on tlie Imck, and the other segments having white spote on the siiles ; feeds on the nettle. Uoimnon. Shropshire, Essex, and Devonshire. , CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 93 The Pt/RPLE SiiADss (A. Ulustris, Ochseniirimer) appears in June or July. Wings one inch onc-lialf to two-thirds; first pair brassy asli, clouded with green and dusky, of a glossy hue, with tliree distinct red spots, two-fold white streaks, and a wave on the outer margin ; second pair ash coloured, with a central streak on the hinder margin darker. CaferpUlur, bluish green, with a yellow stripe on the sides, with three black patches on the sides of each segment ; feeds on aconite. Pupa green, with Ijrown spots, enclosed in a web. Rare. South Wales and Wilt- slUre. CALOTiENIA (Stephens). TnB Green Calot^knia (C. viridis, Stephens). Said to he British on doubtful autliority. The Golden Y (P. J<>r:. • > i n - i nmrars the begin- ning of July, and freqnr[ii < i .. ,, m ,^ one inch five- twelfths to two-thirds: in i p-pi v,im. (mli ,\itli brown grey and rvist red, with an iiiteit upUii m.lilcn cli.H'ti ur in the middle faintly resembling the letter y, or « of the Greeks ; the stigmata remote, bordered with gold; second pair reddish ash, with a slanting streak, nerviu-es and liinder margin dusky. Catevpillar, green, with white spots; feeds on the nettle, burdock, he. Un- common. Devonshire, Yorkshire, Durham, near London^ and Wwmckshire. The Jot {/'. Percontationts, OcusENnRniKn) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one half to two tliirds; rust pair varied with brown and rust colour, with an ant,'nl:u- mark rrsLMnbling the Greek v or u in the middle and conti^i^uoH-; siiot, of bright gold colour; second pair as in the prpccdhif;:. Olton con- founded with the preceding. Not common, Hertfordshire and Kent. The Inscription (P. bhnaaulata, Stephens). Wings one inch two-thirds; first pair varied with dusky brown and rust colour, with two golden spots on the disc; second pair with a central crescent. Rare. The Youksiiiuh Y (P. i/ifcrroffnfiorm, OcnsENHEiMEn) appears liir fiiti ,ii" .1 ii!M' i)c hi", jjiMJu:-,- III" July. Wings one inch onc-i"i ii i'lir.i i'-,.ii(' III >. i>iii \':LritMi with ashy brown and rii \ , in 1 In 1,1 iiiii. i \ m i . h m -. i, i and :i contiguous spot silvery, in .imi ji:ii.- (In-U> riry . I 'a ! rypillnr It'cds on the nCttlC. {UHira i/rviKt). Not uncnninion. Island of Arran, North of England, but not south of Yorkshire. The Gamma Moth (P. Gamma, Ocitrknueimer) appears in April, June, and Soptomhrr, anil iVrrnn-nt iV.wrrs. Wings one inch one-third to two tliinls: m i in, ,;,.] with grey and brown, havhig a silvn V tin;-., -,,,,,: ., ., i Ivory Greek let- ter gamma (7) towards tin- rriMir. .m).| :iii ;im ini iiing rUSty Spot; second pair pale ashy-brown, wiUi ttie ncrviu-es and hinder 94 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. margin deep brown. Caterpillar, green, with a brown head having a yeUow streak on the baclt, and white ones on the sides' feeds on vario\is plants. Common. Cumberland, Durham, York' Gloucestershire, Essex. Middlesex. Kent, and Surrey. ' • Tub Essbx V (/'. rir,;n„jl , u, „ . t , ,,, i ,r cii). Wings one inch one-third; (list iiair v^niiii i,i i and ashy grey witUapalesilvi-iy chnnutn I, iniir V. e.xtemline nearly from the Iklso to (lie ini.i.M, ,,.i]mI iiair as in the pre ceding. Rare. Yorkshire and Essex. Tbk Revkhskb C. (f>. biloba, Stkphens.) Wings one inch five-twelfths; first pair purplish brown, with wavy streaks at the base, and a spot towaids the upper edge near the tip, resembling a reversed o, golden ; in the middle a large silvery patch. Very rare. Thb Goloen GnSBN (P. aurifera, OcnsENnEtjiEn.) Wings one inch one-third ; first pair pale brown, with a large triangu- larly-shaped golden green patch in tlie centre ; fringe yellow, with brown spots; second pair brownish; fringe dull white. Very rai'e. Near London, and Kent. Tub Burnished Brass (P. chrysitis, Ochsbnhkimer) ap- pears the end of Jime, and haunts weedy places. Wings one inch one-third to one-half ; first pair pale brown, with a brassy green hanri ivar ihf imsc, and another placed slantingly towards thchinii.^ ,, 11 ii. ,(iiiietimes united; second pair brown, with rediiili I >. Caterpillar, green, with a white line on the siiK , II. li streaks above; feeds on nettles, thistles, &c. J '«y;n wii hi ail ill a reticulated case sheath. Not uncom- mon. Near London, Essex, Shropshire, and Kent. Tbe Scarce Burnished Brass {P. oric/iatcea, Ocusenrei- MBR) appears in June. Wingsoneineh two-thirds to five-sixths; first pair pun>lish brown, paler at the base and tip, with a large somewhat squai-e golden patch towards the hinder margin ; se- cond pair reddish-brown. Caterpillar, green, witli a whitish line on the back, a greenish white streak on the sides, and a white spot on each segment ; feeds on the hemp agrimony. Very rare. Yorkshire, Berkshire, and Kent. The G01-U-.SPAN0I.B {P.bractea, OcnsENHEiMBR) appears in June, on heaths and mountains. Wings one inch two-thirds to five-sixths ; first pair dusky brown, with a large angular golden glossy patch before the middle. Not common. " Edinburgh, south of Scotland, Shropshire, Derbyshire, and Warwickshire. The Gold Spot (/'. Festucx, Ochsenheimer) appears the middle of August, in marshy districts. Wings one inch five- twelfths ; first pair golden brown, with two golden spots in the centre, and a third more minute near the tip; second pair dusky, with red fringe. Caterpillar, green, with a dark streak on the back, and a yellowish mark on each segment ; feeds on the bul- rush and other aquatic plants. Pupa enclosed in a case, formed by a leaf of the fescue. Rather uncommon. Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Kent, and Surrey. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. . 95 HEUOTHIS (Ochsenheimbr). Tub Bordkreu Sallow (H. marginuta, Ochsenheimer) ap- pears the beginning of June. Wings one inch five- twelfths to one-half; first pair rusty, with reddisii brown streaks, and a broad band on tlie hinder margin, composed of brown crescents ; second pair yellowish white, with the base, central crescent, and border, brown. Caferpillur, green, clouded with reddish-brown, with a whitish stripe on the sides ; feeds on the restharrow. Not very common. Essex, Kent, SiuTcy, and Devonshire. TUB BounKRED Stuaw (H. peltigcra, OcnsENireiniKR} ap- pears in July. Wings one inch seven -twelfths to two-thirds i straw coloured j first pair clouded, with a row of very minute black dots on the hinder margin ; second pair with a central crescent, nervures and margin dusky, with a marginal straw- coloured spot. Rare. Yorkshire, Warwicksliirc, near London, Sussex, Hampshire, and Devonsliire. Thb Marbled Clover IH. dipsacea, Ocosenhsimer) appears the middle of July and August. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-third ; first jiair grey, with an irregular reddish-brown band behind the hinder stigma, and another behind the middle, be- tween and behind the stigmata a pale or yellowish square spot ; second pair white, with the base, a broad central crescent, and marginal border black, the border with a white spot. Caterpillart red, with the head Eish- coloured, the body with white lines ; feeds upon vai'ious species of teazle, &c. Uncommon. Kent, and Sussex . ANARTA (Ocusknhbimbh). Thk Beautiful Undkrwino {A. Myrtilli, Curtis) appears in June and July, on heaths. Wings five-sbctiis to one inch; first pair rusty, with wawd whitish and dusky streaks, and a whitish central patch ; sirmiEl i lii \l11o\v, with a broad brown or black border on the in.ir ■ niUnry gi'ass green, with a bluish head, the sck'h' " ' v and black marks, a black line on the hack ami mu hid on the whortleberry and hcatli» Rather common. ^ oiksiiuf, Durham, Norfolk, Kent, and Hamp- shire. Thr Heart-Bearer {A. cordigera, Stbpbenb). Supposed British on doubtful authority. The Strawberry Tree (id. Heliaca, Ochsknheimrr) appears the end of July in laiies. Wings seven -twelfths to three- fourths ; first slight coppery brown, with a wavy black streak in the mid- dle, and a pale baud towards the hinder edge } second pair black, with a yellow band in the centre. Not scarce. Yorkshire, Shrop- shire, \Vai*wiekshire, Hertfordshire, Esbex, Kent, and Surrey. ACONTIA (Ochsknurimer). Tna FourSpot (A. Inctuosa, Ochsenheimer) appears in June in clover fields. Wings one inch to one one-sixth, black; first pair with a large rosy-white patch on the upper edge behind the 96 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. middle ; second pair with a waved white band in the middle, and an indistinct white spot at the hinder edge towards the posterior angle. Caterpillar said to feed on plantain. Not common. Hertfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. TnK Ni/v {A. nprica, Ochsenheimkr). Winprs one inch one-twelfth; (?) first pair white at the base, towai-ds the outer margin l)iack, with two spots on the upper edge of the same hue. Very rare. The Solar (A. Solaris, Ochsenhrimbr). Wings one inch five-twelfths; first pair white at the base, brown at the tip, with a square white spot on the upper edge j second pair white, with a brown border. Caterpillar^ grey, with the head brick-red, each segment with two wiiite spots ; feeds on the trefoil, dandelion, &c. Rare. Near London, and Kent. The Caloric ('-4. Cm/oWs, Ochsknheimer). Wingsone inchone- third; liist ))air snowy white at the base, streaked with bluish, marbk'tl in dthii- ji:irts with l)rowu and bluish, with a white square spot :it tlic antrrinr iiiargin ; second pair whitish, with fl broad lirown inartcinal bonier. Very rare. The Black Kiiinkv, (A. mffWrpnn, Stephens). Wingsone inch one sixth ; whitish, spotted with brown, with the first stigma dot-shaped, and, the hinder one large, black, and kidney -shaped. Very rare. EUPHASIA (STBPnENs). Thk Brixton Bbaotv {E. elegans, Stephens) appears the middle of September. Wings one inch nnr tliinl, v. ry white; first pair with a white band towards the iiiiiJi r m.n in, ;mdtwo spots on the upper edge, olive brown ; a m '. mM p^., (>( brovm somewhat eye-like spots, disposed inaelinn; .rriMiii piiirwith a glossy purplish tinge in certain lights. Very rare. .Surrey. ERASTRIA (Ochsenheimer). The Spotteo Sin.pium (p:. snlplnn-ni, OcnsENHRiMBB) appears the niifhtle of .Inly in iieliU. \Vin[?:s five-sixths to eleven- twelfths ; first pair prinnn>e yrllow, wiili live black spots on, or near the upper cdf^'^e. ami lom- in a row on the hinder margin, and two rallier thick biaelt sireaks; second pair brown, with a whitish fringe. Caturpi/iar, grass-green, with a black line onthe back, and a yellow streak on tlie sides ; feeds on the Convolvu- lus arvcnsis. Rare. Kent and Surrey. The Silver Hook {B.uncana, Ochsenheisikr) appears the end of June, in marshes. Wings eleven-twelfths to one inch, brown ; first pair with the exterior margin whitish ; from the middle arises a bent twig ; tlie fringe of all the wings dusky, with a dark base line. Caterpillar, green, with a pale line on the sides ; feeds on Carices. -Not rare. Cambridgeshire, Norfolkj Devonshire, and Hampshire. Thk Silver-barred {E. Bankiana, Stephens) appears the CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 97 end of June or beginning of July in boggy places. Wings flve- sixtbs to eleven -twelfths of an inch ; first pair olive brown, with two snow-white bauds, the outer one with a single tooth ; near the tip of the upper edge is a small comma-shaped white spot. Caterpillar green, with a white line on the sides. Rare. Norfolk. The Rosy Mardlbd (E. venustula, Curtis). Wings two- thirds to three-fourths of an inch ; first pair whitish, brown in tlie centre and at the outer margin, with a central rose-co- loured and a rather large blackish spot towards the inner edge. CaterpUtur reddish brown, with two broad orange-yellow belts, and a dusky stripe on the back and curved streaks on the sides. Very rare. Esse.\. The DwAiiF Marble {E, minuta, Ochsbnhbimer). Wings three foiu-ths of an inch ; first pair variegated with white, brown, lead colour, yellow, red, and olive; the base white, the hinder edge with a row of minute black dots ; second pair brown, with the margins darker. Hare. West of England. Thk Scarlet (E. ostrina, Curtis) appears in June. Wings three-fourths of an inch ; first pair yellowish white, with violet streaks, and a white indented streak next the hinder margin. Very rare. Devonshire. The Blossom Tip {R. aptnosa, Stkphbns). Wings one inch; first pair glossy black from the base to beyond the middle, with a marginEil border and stigmata purplish ; second pair brown, witli a darker spot in the centre. Very rare. TheMarblbd White Spot {E. fuscuta, Ochsenheimkr) ap- pears the end of June. Wings one inchj first pair ash coloured, varieijated with brown, black, and white; towards tiie posterior angle a white oblong patch, behind which is a white streak cross- ingfrom tlie upper edge to the inner margin. Caterpillar, yellow, with a broad reddish streak on the back, and line on the sides i feeds on the bramble. Scarce. Kent and Surrey. The Mahblbu White Link {E. a Ifjidilinea, Stephens) very similar to the jircceding, of which it is proliably a variety, and from which it differs in the absence of the white spot at the pos- terior angle, and having the white waved streak at the hinder edge very indistinct. Very rare. Kent and Surrey. PHYTOMETRA (Haworth). Thk BftONZB Bar (P. ee/ien, Haworth) appears the end of August on heaths. Wings seven -twelfths to three-fourths of an inch, oUve brown ; first pair with a slanting purplish band be- hind tiic middle, and another on the hinder margin. Not scarce. Hertfordshire, Kent, and Surrey. ACOSMETIA (Stephbns). Tub Rbd Buff {A. tvtescens, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch to one inch one-sixth ; first pair nearly uniform 98 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. reddish buff, red at the upper edge; second pair pale browo. Rare. Hampshire. Thk Sooty (4. caliginosa, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one ineh one-twelfth ; first pair red or dusky greyish, with obscure indistinct etrealts i second pair grey. Rare. Hamp. shire. Thk Dwakf Rkd (/I. rufula, STKpnsNs). Wings five-sixthi to eleven-twellths of an inch j first pair and fringe of a uniform redi second pair pale, -with a central streak of dusky spoti; fringe pale. Rare. Norfolk and Cambridgeshire. The Ll.MKn Buff (A. lineola, Stephens). Wings five-sixths to clcvcn-twclfths of an inch ; first pair gicy red, with a dusky streak lengthwise at the base, and anotlier at the bindtr margin, composed of minute dusky dots ; second pair paler, with a streak of obscure spots behmd the middle. Rare. Cam. bridgcshire and Norfolk. The S.UAJ.I- Dot Buff (-4. arciwsa, Stephens). Wings one inch one-twelfth ; first pair dull whitish clay, with two streaks of minute dusky dots; second pair and fringe dusky. Ratlia scarce. Hertfordshire, Essex, Middlesex, and Surrey. SCOPELOPUS (Stephens). The Bbushpoot (S. ino;«, Stephens). Said to be British on doubtful authority. STILBIA (Stephens). The Anomalous (S. imomaMii, Stephens) appears m au- tumn. Wings one inch one.third to one-half; first pair ashf brown, clouded with black, the ordinary stigmata pale and diva- ricated ; second pair pale. Scarce. Hants and Devonshire, OPHIUSA (OCHSENHBIMEa). The BiACK Neck (O. tusoria, Ochsknheimer) appears the beginning of August. Wings one inch seven-twelfths to three- fo^hs ; first pair glaucous grey, with a lilack blotch in the mm- die • the hinder margin with a broad dusky border; second pair pale brown, with the margin darker ; collar black. Calerpillar, greenish grey, witli black spots and two dark lines, and an in- termediate yellow one ; feeds on the Astragalus glycyphyUos. Not scarce. Yorkshire, Kent, and Surrey. The ScAaCE Black Neck (O. Imlinra, OcnsENHElMBs). Wings one inch two-thirds, brown ; first pair with a dot m central patch black, and t^vo indistinct streaks towards tlie W Very rare. The Doudle Barreh (0. crassiu.imla, Stephens). Winp one inch two-thirds ; first pair greyish brown, with two to'""?' a deeper tint, a spot in the middle, and a patch towards the w black. Very rare. North of England. CONSPECTUS or MOTHS. yy TnB Gkeat KinNKV (O. ^rndirenif, Stkphens). A native of America, reported to be British on doubtful autliority. CATEPHIA (OcnSKNHEIMBR). TUE A1.C11KMIST (C. leucomelas, OciiseniikimbrI. Wings one incli tliree-quartcrs ; flrst pair duslty brown, witli blaclt waved strealts; the liinder margin asli-colourcd ; second pair blacli, with the base and two margfinal spots white. CtiterpiUnr, asii- coloured, with yellow spots and bluish head ; feeds on the oait. The Tbiplk Band (C. tyifmciata, Stki'hbns). Wings one inch five-sixths i first pair' glaucous grey, witli tliree dusliy hands; second pair brown, witli the margin darlier. Rare. Suffoili. MORMO (OCHSENnKIMBB). Tub OtD Lady {M. maura, OcnsENiiEiMKn) appears the end of July or bcKinnitic of August. Wings two inclics two-thirds to thrw null. , ilirp brown; fkst pair varied with a-shy and black, \Mii'' I 1.1 I i , nirftl band, and seven brown spots on the upper III 'ii with a pale slanting central strcalc, and aiiothir n. ,11 iih liiii.in margin. Ciiterpiltar, deep brown, with awhitish line on the baclt ; head yellowish; feeds on lettuce and otlicr pot-herbs. Common. Shropshire, Essex, Kent, and Sur- rey. CATOCALA (Schrank). The Asn Tree (C. Friirini, Curtis) appears in July and Sep- tember. Wings three inches five-sixths to four inches ; first pair whitish, clouded witli ash grey ; second pair black, with a broad bluish band behind the middle. Ciiterpillar, ash-coloured, sprinkled with minute black dots; feeds on ash, poplar, oak, elm, &c. Rare. Yorkshire, Kent, Suffolk, and Surrey. The CnosEN (C. £toCTi(a, Stephens). A native of Portugal; said to be British on doubtful authority. Tub Wikb (C. Nupla, OcnsENHElMBR) appears among wil- lows the beginning of August. Wings three inches to three inches one-lialf; first pair ashy, with various waved streaks, the last unequally indented ; second pair red, with a central liaml and margin black. Caterpillar, varied with dork and pale brown, with yellow spots and streaks ; feeds on Salix vitellina. Common. Shropshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, and Essex. The Enoaord {C. Pacta, Stephens). Said to bo British on iloubtful autliority. The Bride (C. spomn, OcnsKNHKiiiiBR) appears the end of ■June. Wings two inches one-half to three inches ; first pair of a yellowish ash, waved with brown ; second pair bright crimson, with a very wavy hand in the centre, and marginal border black. Ciiterpillar, with a bluish head, the body variegated with brown wd light ash ; feeds on the oak. Pupa bluish. Reite. Kent, Surrey, Berks, and Hants. H a 100 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Pbomiskd (C. promism, Ochsknhbimer) appears the end of June. Wings two inclies one-quarter to five-sixths : fiiji pair asli-colourcd, witli lilnck wavy streaks ; second pair ricli crimson, with a narrow wavy shortish black liand towards the middle, and a black marKinal border. dUcrpiUnr, bluish ash with black spots ; feeds on the oak. Scarce. Surrey aud Hants! Thk UNlTEn (C conjuncta, OcHSKNnKiMEK). Wings two inches one-third ; first pair ashy brown, clouded with black . second pair rich crimson, with a nearly straight, slender, and somewhat line-like black band in the middle, and broad black mar^nal border. Rare. Surrey. BREPHA (HiiBNBR). TnE ViRom (B. Parthcnias, Ocbsenhkimer) appears the end of March. Wings one inch to one inch one-third ; first pair brown, sprinkled with asby-grey ; second pair pale orange, willi a spot at the base, an angular band in the middle, and the mar. ginal border black. Caterpillar, yellowish-green, with a bluish, black line and black spots on the sides ; feeds upon poplars and willows. Not rare. Essex, Herts, Middlesex, Kent, and Surrey. The Girl (fl. puella, OcHSUNnEiMKR). Wings one inch one-quarter; first pair ashy brown, with indistinct darker bands ■ second pair yellow, with a blotch at the base, a central band' and liinder margin black. Caterpillar, violet, with a white Ime on the back and sides, each segment with two spots on the middle under the line on the back ; feeds on the aspen. Very J^"l ^^tr^'- f^- """l"' Ochsenhei.meb) appears the end of March. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-third ; first pair rusty sprinkled with ashy grey, having white spots, second pair brlch orajige, with a patch at the base, an angluar band in {he clX and an interrupted marginal border, black. Caterpillar green with a yellowish line on the back, and a grey one on the fides- feeds on the oak birch, and hazel. Rathir Jearce? YorkshSe; Essex, Kent, and Surrey. •u>»»uiii;, EUCLIDIA (OCUSKNHEIMKR). The SHEPnERD's Club (K. Kluphica, OcuSENnElMER) ap. pears in June. Wings one inch to one hich one-sixth ■ first pair greyish, with an oblique IkuhI i„ ,,.,,, ,u ,"i,er bebimi the middle, a square spot on the u|,|.. , i. (if amli m»r ginalband, brown ; second pui, I, ,ii„.bUo „f;™k, nervures, and hinder margin hi,,. !, , i, ,,ii ,i„. ftim-e's l,r™^ Caterpillar, rusty grey, with a Drown streak on the back and sides the latter have a row of blackish dots above and benS the streak; feeds on the Verhasci and Trifoiium pratense Nrt shTerHSSEssS:'^" "'"''^' ""''^'^""•'=' YorkshirerH^Silgdr CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 101 The Mask (E. Mi, Ochsenhbimer) appears the end of June. Wings one inch to one inch one-sixth ; first pair varied with black and white; second pair black, with spots and waved streaks white, all the fringes white, spotted with blacll. Ca- terpillar, reddish wllite, with a dark line on^the back, and a wWtish one on the sides; head brown, witlipale stripes and dark spots ; feeds on the Medicago falcata. Common. Wales, York- shire, Suffolk, Huntingdonsliire, and Essex. GEOMETRINA (Rennie). GEOMETItlDAi (Stephens). PSODOS (Trkitschke). TnE Bi.ACK Mountain (P. Irepidaria, Treitschke) appears in June. Wings flve-sLxths of an inch, smoky black, with a central band of a deeper tint, on both sides indented vnth a pale margin. Local. Schehalion, In Breadalbane, Scotland. The Gor.n Four-spot {/'. alplnala, Duponchki.). Wings one inch, black, with a broad golden tawny band near the hinder margin. Rare. Kent. SPERANZA (Curtis). The Embroidered Ykilow (S. limbarin, Curtis). Wings one inch onctwelfth to onc-sixth, yellow, with minute brown (lots, the antenna;, upper edge of the wings, and hinder mai-gin, black. Calerpillar, smooth, slender, green-brown, with a yeuow stripe on the sides ; feeds on the broom. Not rare. Kent. The Wooni.ANi) (t. sijbiarla, Curtis) appears in July. Wings ave-sixths to eleven-twelfths of an inch; rusty buff colour, powdered with dusky, having dark waved cross streaks. Bare. isle of Arran, Scotland. FIDONIA (Treitschke). . The Waved Black (F.fuliginarla, Stephens) appears in June. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch, black, with three yellowish waved interrupted sti-eaks, and near the margin a common indis- Unct stl-eak of yellowish dots. Exceedingly rare. Near London Tbk Brown Heath (F. atomnria, Haworth) appears in May June, and August. Wings one inch to one inch one-fourth, yel. lowish white, sprinkled thickly with brown dots, with five con. joined common streaks, and marginal border of a deeper colour. Caterpillar, at first green, with reddish spots on the sides, witn a brown stripe on the back, on each side of which on each seg- ment aie small triangular deep brown spots ; feeds on Scabious I'upa subterranean. Common. Dumfriesshire, Cumberland, Durham, Yorkshire, Hertfordsliirc, Essex, and Kent. The Black Heath (F. curlionaria, Stephens) appears the 102 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. middle of June. WinRS eleven-twelfths of an inch, pitchy black, with small white spots or blotches, fringes white and brown; antenure black, irregularly marked with white rings. Perhaps a variety of F. alvmaria. Not rare. Near London. The GnuY Hkath (F. ericetaria, Stephkns) appears in Ait. gust. Wings of the male one inch seven-twelfths to two-thirds ; female one inch one-fourth to one-half; ashy white, sprinkled with brown dots, and having a brown marginal band ; first pair with three equi-distant brown spots on the upper edge ; second pair with a brown central spot. Not rare. Kent, Surrey, and Hampshire. BUPALUS (Leach). The BoHnEttEn Wiiitb {B. Piniarius, Leach) appears the middle of June, in fir plantations. Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds, brown, spotted with yellow, clouded underneath, with two brown bands. CaterpiUar, green, with a line on tht back whitish, followed on each side by a yellowish white and yellow line ; ifeeds on the Finns sylvestris and P. allies. Not common. Scotland, Northumberland, Norfolk, and Surrey. M-«SIA (Stephens). The Gbev Scollop Bar (M. famllacmrius, Stephens) ap. pears in June. Wings of the male one inch flve-tweUtlls to seven-twelfths; female one inch one-third to one-half, ashy, white, with a black spot in the centre, the margin with a row of black dots, fringes brownish ; flrst pair with two black streaks, accompanied with two black spots ; second psiir with a single streak. Scarce. Hampshire. ANISOPTERYX (Stephens). The Spbino Usher (A. leucophearia, Stephens) appears in oak woods the end of February and March. Wings one inch one-third to two-thirds, ashy grey, clouded; first pair with 8 black curved streak at the base, and another wavy behind the middle ; second pair whitish, with numerous brown dota, with a central streak composed of a few distant black spots ; the female has only very short indistinct wings, with three reddish grey lines, sprinkled with dusky, and having two black streaks; varies much. Very common. Durham, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. The Wall Usher (.A. /Sscularia, Stephens) appears on pal- ings and trunks of trees the middle of March. Wings one Inch gne-tliird to one-half, ashy -brown, with a band in the centre mwgiiied with white, outwardly indented and deeper, and a brown slanting slender line at the tip, the margins with a row of minute black spots, fringe pale brown ; the female without wings, of a mouse colour, with pale grey dote on the head and breast. Cutti-jriUur, green, with a white line on each side of the back, and another above the legs ; feeds on the privet, sloe, and horse-clicstnut. Kather common. Cumberland, Essex, and near London. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 103 HIBERNIA (Latbkili-k). Tjib Cnoss WiNo (H. capreolariii, Duponchbl'; appears in Feb- niary anil March. Winffs one incli one-third to seven-twelftliB ; lirst pair reddish grey, Bprinklcd with rust-ljrown spots, vAin a darker straiglit atreali before the middle, and a marginal band, in which Is a row of pale spots. Cnterpillar, fawn yellow, the four arst segments with brown, yellow, and red lines, the body with brown and yellow dots and lines, a row of white dots on each side ; feeds on oak and birch. I'upa greenish brown. Common. Cumberland, Dui-hain, Essex, and near London. The Umdre Link (H. connectaria, SrupnENS) appears in No- vember and December. Wings one inch seven-twelfths; first pair speckled with dusky brown, with three equi-distnnt brown streaks, and a pale square patch on the upper edge near the hinder margin i second pair whitish, speckled with dusky dots, mUl two streaks in the middle, and an intermediate spot, brown. Rather scarce. Essex, and near London. Tns Scarce Umbbe (L. prosnpiaria, Stephens) appears in October or November. Wings one inell one-half to two-thirds ; Srst pair tavray orange, sprinkled with brown dote, with two slanting brown streaks, and a spot of the same tint in the centre i second pair pale tawny yellow, with a central spot, and a single streak, brown ; varies much. CaterpilUir gi-ecnish, with a brown line edged above with white on each side of the body above the sbgmata: head and legs pale orange; feeds on the oak, birch, and horn-beam. Pupa brown. Rather scarce. Edinburgh, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. The Umbrb (C. de/oliaria, Stephens) appears tlie end of October, in woods and copses. Wings one inch scvcn-twclflliB to three foiuths; first pair whitish, grey or rusty speckled, with t^vo dusky streaks, and having a central spot ; second pair paler, with abrown central spot. Caterpillar, rust brown, with a bright ycUow streak on the sides, and a red spot with a white dot on each segment ; feeds on oak, lime, beech, &c. Pupa reddish brown.withthe tip very acute. Common. Cumberland, Essex, and near London. PHIGALIA (DUPONCUKI.). The Winter Beauty (Ph. pilosuria, Stephens) appears in March. Wings one inch one-half to two.Oiirds ; Kreomsh ash sprinkled with dusky, with a central spot and four inter- rupted streaks, black ; the streaks arise from equi-diatant spots on the upper edge ; second pair similar, but pale, with a single streak in the centre, the fringes with a slender brown line more or less interrupted. The female without wings. Caterpillar, ycUow, varied with reddish brown, with red spote and blacK (lots ; feeds on oak, hirch, elm, &c. in June. Pupa brown. Scarce. Cheshire, Slu-opsliire, Warwickshire, and Surrey. 104 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. NySSIA(DuPONCllEi.). MiJrl "wr"" "?!;;■" <^- '""l'"''"-"'. Stuplens) appears in with three dusky streaks, the tw^o (irst waved, and the hinder one 117' ^'"ps pale, with dusky rather square spots; second pair dusky, with a dark central line. Female without winffs. cZ <«-pi«ar brown, with dark square spots; feeds on the elm. Rare Shropshire, Kent, and Surrey. BISTON (Lkacii). or Anrii w?^'*"7i^'"'?'''"°""'."'"' Lbach) appears in March 2L;?« ,. Y' P ""'"' ■"'^'^ ""« '"'=^ one-half, female one Inch d^sliv with h ° '""^"i """ **"""'■ ""'"*• powdered with dusky, with two wavy brown bands terminated with black hS-TiiH"""-,, '-'"'"■"."'T-' '""lable; brown or asS colour, maN ^t ftl'^^Z °'i^}y- with white dots and fourteen"". With thr« i ,° ™^' '!!"=•*"=- in •'"ne. /•«,« chestnut brown, with the spine terminating in two hooks at the tip. Rathe scarce. Yorkshire, Warwickshire, and near London » J"'-ercy. with two wS oith? rife ». P*™" ?" ""' '='«y<">»i segment, feeds on oak, willo" YorkshL nThJ'rr' r'", " 'S?^ ^1'""' »' ""= «!'• Common itorKshire, Durham, Cambridgeshire, and Scotland. A """m", ■'?•'" "'";'' ° Beauty {D. hirtiirim. Leach) aoDean In ^ir:^^^^i:^^^ x^^^- j.vo.t irSS!^^ dusky, with l>l;„ I, o„ iV ■, - - i'n ?"''^f'fh' ?'''," margin; seco,„i , ,,, ,„: , ''"- at the hinder male with the WM, ,,,:,, ;""''"■""-< streaks. Pe- ingslessdistiiipl. r./, ,,„//,„' i,,',. i " "i "^•^"f''" sUghtlvraisedvvnrt.,,,,,/!,, 1 ,' '",'"" ■("'"I'l wilhgrcy, with ten feeds on^nn nr h'i,V 1 S^' ''^B-'* y^^^'low tipped with reddish; iceas on poplar, Ume, eUii. Pupa short, dirty black with n fine point at the extremity. Not scarce. Near Lbndmi. HIMERA (DupoNcnEi.l. The Featiiebed Thorn (H. pmnaria, Stephens) annearsthc ?bSP?'"^..'".°'""'?'" '" ^o-"' Wings of the male'^Sne „ h onffotTh 'fi'?,r'r"*'^;,^f "^^ ?■"= '"'^'' o-e-half to two inche SSDeredS-'»n,f='^i'f''''-'"""V ''"" '«"' ""'^1' »'"=al<» at the l!ff ff "^eo> and an interjacent spot, brown, and a black suot ot d'Sk'/spot and''ro':;d' w'" V^^?"'' P"'^ paler, wim a centr^ misky spot and reddish streak ; female paler. Cdternillar crev. vaned with brown and white, with two reddish wMte on theS segment, and two red spots on the Orst; feeds on tS^oaS.S! CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. I0.> horn-besun, &c. Not uncommon. Chester, Essex, and near London. CROCALLIS (TttKlTScnKB). I 11 M M, If. iflhiffmiriii, OrnsKNBKlMEB) appears i. iihIi onc'lKill l() two-thirds, yellow; first ;! aks, (laving: inlnskyspotbetweenthcm; seconiliK'" |.;il> I ;iiul imllcss. Ciil,'r/)ill,i,; thiOs., dirty, brown, with a lew hairs ; fccils on the oak, elm, apple, &e. Rather scarce. Durham, Essex, and near London. InJu pftir \v ODONTOPERA (Stkphbns). The ScoiLOPEu Hazel (0. bidentiita, Stephens) appears m April and June in woods and copses. Wings two inches to two iBches one-sixth ; first pair reddish brown, dotted, with two waved streaks, and an interjacent ring, brown ; sccoml pair paler, with an eye-like spot on the disc, behiml wlii< h is a dusky waved streak. CntitrpUliir, grey, marhU-d with Ricyish red or green, sometimes green with black or white spots ; foods on the rose, willow, alder, fir, &c. Pupa thick, smooth, chestnut brown. Not scarce. Durham, Essex, and near London. GEOMETRA (Leach). Tmk Alder (R. Alniana, Stephens). Said to be British on doubtful authority. The Canary {G. Cfiri'iyi". Stki'iik-ns) appears the end of Auirust. Wings one imli ..n> ihii.i ii. nne half, in both sexes nearly yellow, slightly 'ith black spots and white dots, the spiracles dusky with their tips greenish; head and fore-legs yel- low ; feeds on the oak, lime, ^c. Pupa pale green, with the abdomen yellow. Common. Near London. Thb Flouncbd Thorn ((?. Carpiniaria, HObner) appears the end of August. Wings one inch five-twelfths to one-halfj first pair pale tawny, abrupt, with two cross dusky streaks, and an indistinct crescent between them , the space from the second streak is dusky ; second pair dusky. Rare. Near London. The Dusky Thorn {O. fnscnniaria, HaworthJ. Wings one inch one-third to five-t\velfths; first pair abrupt tawny ash, with two cross dusky streaks, the s])are fi-om the second streak to the hinder margin dusky ; second pair in the female entirely dusky; in the raEile dusky from tlie base to the middle, and the remainder tawny. Scarce. Cambridgeshire, and near London. Thk EARI.V Thorn {G.illunarin, HiiBNKit) nppcnrs the endof March and beginning of April. Wings onr inch si'vcii-twclfths to three-fourths ; ashy red, sprinkled with rediHsh ; first pRir^vith three somewhat equi-distant dusky red streaks in the centre; second pair pale, with an indistinct streak. CaterpUlar, grey, with rust-coloured rings, with black and yellow spots at tlie base of the spiracles and, on the sides ; sometimes brown, with a rusty red line on the back, and large red spots on the sides of the hinder segments; feeds on oak, willow, alder, &c. Not scarce. Yorkshire, Essex, and near London. The Jui-v Thorn CG.ywftViria, Ha worth) appears the beginning of July in woods. Wings one inch two-sixths to five-twelfths, very similar to the preceding, but much smaller in size, the streaks not being equi-distant, and more indistinct; the winga also not so much si)rinkled, and having a rosy tinge on the upper edge. Common. Essex, and near I^ondon. The Lunar Thorn (O. lunariti, Haworth) appears in June. Wings one inch five-twelfths to two-thirds, whitish grey, with indistinct sprinklings, and a central white crescent; first pair with two brown streaks. Caterpillar dirty green, mottled with CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 107 darker colours, and having the appearance of a piece of barli ) feeds on the whitethorn. Scarce. Roxburghshire, Shropshire, Yorlishire, Warwickshire, Kent, and Surrey. Tub Kent Thorn (O. delunaria, Hawortii) appears in July. Wines one inch one-half, whitish grey, with an oblique dusky sucak before the middle ; first pair with an incurved streak in the niiildlc i second pair with two dusky streaks in the middle, and adjoining tlic outer one an obscure transparent crescent. Rare. Kent. TnK SiJnr.uNAR Thorn (G. suilunaria, Stephrns). Wings one inch one half to two-thirds, deeply indented with a small white crescent ; first pair from the base to behind the centre red- brown, with three dusky streaks, and the remainder purplish- wliite ; second pair reddish, with a brownish band. Rare. Per- byshire. Tub Purple Thorn (G.i»ustkXe btovfii, vfith .1 1 i , ' behind the head, with the spiracles on 1 1 tinged with reddishj feeds chiefly „n ih. >, i i apple iToe, &c. Common. Dublin, EdjiiliMrKli. Ayrshire Cuiii' berlaod, Durham, WUts, Esse.\, and near London. OURAPTERYX (Lbach). IHE Eldbr (0. Sambiicaria, Lbach) appears the end of June, or begiumng of July. Wings Uvo inches one-fourth to one-half pale sulphur colour, with various obseui.- cross scattered darkcJ evanescent lines ; first pair with 1 „ „ ,1,, I. , , > ,.l,„w streaks. S aninterjacent line; second |,.,i, ,1, ,. streak aid T« black spots near the tail. O,/,,, :.i ...hlish brown, with darker hnes; feeds on the elder, « iIIm„ , hi,,,, ,Vr. J'upalonS brown, with deeper spots. No, scarce. Yorkshire', C2' Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Kent, and Surrey. _ , CAMP^A (Lahhrch). mMZr!e°r, ^"^^'"■P (^- ma>-garitala. Stkphbns) appears the midjUe of July, or beginning of August. Wings one inch seven. twcuths to two inches, white tinged with green ; flrst pair witll a red spot at the tip, and two whitish streaks, and the second pau' with one ; all the fringes pearly white. Caterpillar, green, ish, vaned with brown, with whitish spots on the back and sides, beneath with black streaks and dots ; feeds on the horn. beam, oak, &c. Common. Yorkshire, Huntingdonslure, Essex, ana near London. ELLOPIA (Trkitsciike). •il,* "" '*"'' (*'./"»«'«"'", OcHSKNuBiMER) appears the middle or end of June. Wings one inch flve-twelfths to seven, twelfths, red ; flrst pair with a whitish streak before, and ano. tner behind the middle, the interposing space of a darker hue, second pair with a single whitish curved streak ; female larger, with the antcnn.Te bristlcshapcd, and without the darker shade between the streaks on the first pair. Caterpillar, red, varied with brown and white, with the head red ; feeds on the pine. Scarce. IVeshire, Kent, and Surrey. HIPPARCHUS (LBAcn). The Butterfi.v Emkrai.u (H. Pupilionarim, Lbacii) appears Uie middle of July. Wings two inches one-sixth to one-half, deep grass green, with two cross streaks composed ofwliidsll spots ; a dailt green crescent towards the middle of the upper edge of the flrst pair, and on the disc of the seeond ; antenna; reddish white, with red rays in the male. Vuterpillar, green, with a yeUowish line on the sides, and red warts on the back; feeds on the Ume, birch, alder, &c. Pupa brownish, with yel- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 109 lowish green 'spots. Rather scEurce. Yorkshire, Warwickshire, Kent, and Surrey. CHLORISSA (Stbphbns). Tub Grass Emerald (C. tiirirfaifl, Stkpiikns) appears the end of May and Jiiiic. WiiiKS tive-sixths to eleven-twelfths of an inch, entire, very preen, with an indistinct wliiti.sli streak before the middle on the first pair, and another behind the middle com- mon to all the wings; fringes reddish green. Scarce. Essex, Surrey, and Hampshire. Tub Milkmaid (C. clomria, STUpnKNs). Wings three- fourths of an inch, green, with a common whitish streak behind the middle , the fringes entirely green. Very rare. Teik Common Emkrald (C. thijmiaria, STBenENS) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-sixth, dark green, the fringes white, siuittcd with dusky ; first pair with nwhitish wavy streak bclorr tin- niidill,-, and a second behind, common to all the wings ; Uh ccuni i mir are angular, with a very indistinct darker spdl lu lln ,i ntic. CiUeiiiillur, green, with dark clouds ; feeds on the oak, whitethorn, &e. Common. Essex, and London. TnK Little Emerald {C. putataria, Stephens) appears the end of May, in woody places. Wings five-sixths to eleven- twelfths of an inch, pale green, with two common indistinct whitish streaks, and a very indistinct interjacent blotch. Cater. pi((ar, green, with small red spots; feeds on tlie birch, hornbeam, fie. Common. Cumberland, Yorkshire, and neai' Loudon. HEMITHEA (Di;ponchel). The Emerald Volotk (//. veniaria, Stephens) appears the end of July. Wings one inch oue-fourth to five-twelfths, of a briRht pale green, a somewhat wavy streak behind the middle, and tlie fringe white ; the first pair has also an incurved strealc before the middle. Calerpillm; green, with a pale line on the baek, and a white stripe on the sides, the head with two reddish spines; feeds on the oak, sloe, &c. I'upa brownish. Rare, Kent, and Surrey. CuRTis's Emerald (H. smaragdurin, Stephens) appears tlie end of June. Wings one inch five-twelfths, green ; first pair with two wavy pale buff streaks, with a white spot between ; second pair with the upper portion and fringes whitish. Rare. Essex. The Green Carpet (,H Cythisaria, Stephens) appears the end of July, on heaths, &c. Wings one inch five-twelftlis to one-half, deUcate pale green ; first pair with an incurved dark ereen streak before the middle, and a waved one behind with an interjacent dark crescent; the second streak is common, and also atliird whitish and evanescent towards the hinder margin; "taees pale. Caterpillar , green, with a pale line on the sides ; 110 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. feeds on tlic broom. Pupa slender, and yellowish green. Com- mon. Essex, and Suirey. CLEORA (Stephbns). THg MAin OP HoNoun, (C. liajutaria, Stephens) appears the beginning of July. Wings one incli one-twelfth to one fourth, very deep green ; first pair with two waved streaks, and a reddish- white blotch at the posterior angle ; second pair witli i Bimilar blotch at the posterior angle, and one or two towards tht inner edge, the fringes white spotted with brown. CateypWar, grey [ feeds on the oak. Not common. Kent and Surrey. Thk Bkusski.s' Lace (C. hich&naria, STBrnrcNs) appears the end of .Tuly. Wings one inch one-fourth to flve-twclfths; varied with green and ash-colour, sprinkled with dusky, with a com. mon very wavy and strongly indented black streak behind the middle ; the first pair has a somewhat incurved black streak near the base. Cnterpillar, greenish, or ash-colour, varied with yel- low, the sides with black spots ; feeds on diilercnt kinds of lichen. Common. Cambridgeshire, Essex, and Surrey. Thb Widowbr (C. viduftria, Stki>hbns) appears in June. Wings one inch one-third to otic-half, white, sprinkled with black ; first pair with tlircc imlcntril black streaks, wiUi a black spot between the two la-st, on the binder margin is a row of black crescents ; second pair with a large central spot and two otllen on the inner margin. Scarce. Hampshire. TnB Smooth (C. tniernria, Stephens) appears the end of June or beginning of July. Wings one inch one-sixth to one. third, white, sprinkled with dusky i first pair with fotu' equi- distant dusky spots on tlie upper edge, giving off an equal num- ber of indistinct streaks ; second pair with a dusky central dot, and an obscure cross streak, and a waved black line on the hinder margin. Caterpillar feeds on the Lichen omphaiodes. Rare. Edinburgh, and Hampshire. The Girdle (C. cinclaria, Cubtis) appears in May or June. Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds, a-sh-colonred, sprinklcil with dusky, the hinder margin witli an interrupted row of cres- cent-shaped spots, a band at the base, and several dusky spots on the disc. Local. Hampshire. The Painter (C. pirtaria, Stephens) appears in the spring. Wings of the female one inch one-sixth, ash-coloured, witli a row of distinct black dots on the hinder margin at the base of the fringe which is ash-coloured ; first pair with two pale waved streaks, having an interjacent round black spot ; second pair with a waved streak also behind the middle ; nntennie reddish ; body with a row of white spots on the back. Reire. Kent. ALCIS (Curtis). The Mottleb Beautv (A, repandaria, Curtis) appears the middle or end of July, in woods and forests. Wings one inm CONSPECTUS OF' MOTHS. Ill (brce-fourtlis to two inches, ashy-grey, clouded with dusky and irrcy with a common waved black streak beliind the middle, and towMds the hinder margin a white one bordered within with Husky • having ou the margin itself a row of black erescent- shapeii spotJi, an indistinct dusky streak towards the base of the first pair. Caterpillar, ashy-grey, with a dark line on the back, oiUc spots and dashes of black ; feeds on poplar, birch. Sic. Com- mon. Durham, Yorkshire, Essex, and near London. TnB Mottled Caupet (A. ilestrigarUi, Curtis) appears in July, In woods. Wings one inch eleven-twelfths, a-shy-grey, very much sprinkled and clouded with the same, with a common wavy white streak, bordered inwardly with ash-colour, near the hinder margin. Not common. Near London. TnB Wall Carpkt (A. nrarnno, Curtis). Wings one inch two-thirds to three-fourths, ashy-brown, with innumerable dots and obscure streaks of a darker hue. Common. Scotland, and North of England. Thh RrkatCarpbt (A. comw.'iffna, Curtis) appears injune, July, and August. Wings one inch live-si.\ths to eleven-twelfths, asliygrcy, sprinkled with dusky, with a broad common blackish band, witli two obtuse angles, the hinder margin reddish dusky. Rare. Dublin, near London, Kent, and Devonsliirc. TuKSiLKiiN Carpkt (/I. smVcario, Curtis) appears in July. Wings one inch Hve-sixths to two inches ; silky-brown, orbnek- red, siirinklcd with buff, having black streaks, and on the hmder margin some black spots ; fringes dusky, interrupted with buff. Rare. Hampshire. Tub Oak Cakpkt (A. oonsortaria, Curtis) appears the middle of June. Wings one inch five-sixths to two inches, ashy-grey, powdered witli dusky, with indistinct indented darker streaks ; tame black conical spots on tlie liinder margin ; in the centre of the second pair a whitish ring or eye-like spot. Caterpillar, dull brown grey, with bright stripes on the sides, and a spotted line on the hack ; feeds on poplar, willow, honeysuckle, &c. Scarce. Essex, Kent, and Surrey. Tub Oak Beauty (yl. roJorni-ia, Curtis) appears the end of June. Wings ofthe male two inches one-sixth to one-fourth; female two inches one-fourth to one-half, ashy-grey, sprinkled witli dusky dots; first pair with four somewhat interrupted waved dusky streaks ; second pair with three dusky streaks, the second strongly indented, and a central dusky crescent behind Uie tat. Caterpillar, grey-brown, with an obscure line on the back, each segment with a dusky arch, and the three first with a ycUow spot ; feeds on the oak and beech. Rather scarce. Kent, Essex, Sussex, and Hampshire. TnE Mint Beauty (yl. ;)i;ieri(ari(/, Stephens). A mere va. riety of A, roboraria. The Willow Beautv (/I. rhomlimdaria, Curtis) appears the bCEinning of July, in woody places and gardens. Wmga one 1 12 CONSP-ECTUS OF MOTHS. inch five-sixths to eleven. twelfths, somewhat dusky, sprinkled and clouded with dusky, vith three common black streaks, and a waved wliite one towards the liinder marein ; on the margin itself a fine black line. Caterpitlar yellowish-green, with a red. dish head, with a yellow streak and two blackish lines. Com. mon. Durham, Chesliire, Newcastle, Essex, Middlesex, Kcut and Surrey. The Devon BEAUTv(/l.co7!-soSi-maWa, Stbphens). Wingsonc inch five-twelfths to five. sixths, pale grey, sprinkled with dusky or rust-brown dots, with three common indented darker streaks and a wliite evanescent one towards tlie hinder margin . Scarce. Devonshire, and Hampshire. The Wei.ted Beauty (vl.Tfminnno, Stephens). Wings one inch one-half, ash-grey, with a broad dusky border, in which is an indistinct streak of cresceut-sbaped white spots; fii'st pair with a black dot in the centre. Rare. Suffolk. HEMEROPHILA (Stephens). The Waved Umukk (H. nbruiilaria, Stephens) appears in woody places, in May. Wings one inch oue-half to two-thirds, palo buff, slightly sprinkled, with a central black spot, and a common oblique dusky brown band towards the hinder margin, on which is an interrupted black line. Not scarce. Warwick- shire, Essex, and neai- London. BOARMIA (Stephens). Tub FourAnoies (Q.tetvagoimria, Stephens) appears in Hie beginning of May. Wings one inch one-half to two-thirds, whitish ash, clouded with dusky, with very indistinct indented darker streaks, and adjoining the one behind the middle of the first pair, two somewhat square dusky clouds. Scarce. Kent. The PrNE Gem (JJ. aldetarin, OcnsENHErMEn) appears in March and April, in woods. Wings one incii one-half to two. thirds, grey, sprinkled with dusky dots, with the common in- dented darker streaks, aud adjoining the one behind the middle, a somewhat square dusky patch and some clouds ; some black spots emitted by a fine black line on the hinder margin. Com. mon. Essex, Kent, Surrey, and Devonshire. The Smali iNOHAIlEn (B. n-rjnisrrilnrin, OcHSENHEIMBS) appears in woods, in May and .June Winu's one inch onc-hal/ to seven-twelftlis, whitish, sUkIiIIv spriiikinl with dusky, with the common indented dusky stuaks uliitli iuise from equi-dis- tant black spots on the upper edge, on of triangular darker spots. Not rare, land, Warwickshire, and Essex. The BaiNDLED Grev [U. consonaria, Ochsenhbimer) appears in May andjuly, in woods. Wingsoneinch one-third to seven- twelfths, ashy, sprinkled with dusky, with the common streaks dusky, very much interrupted, and very slightly waved, the one towards the hinder margin wliite, inwardly ash-colour. Kaie. Kent. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 113 TnK Brindled Strrak (B. sfri^ultiria, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one incli fivc.twellths to one inch, asliy white, clouded with grey, sprinkled with dnsky, with very indistinct common, slightly 'indeutc ^ i in! pair is a very white spot, and a series of black iii i i i i iiindermarpin. C«?fJ7;i7/Hr brownish or yellnwisli ■ '< n, ^-h iivaks of reddish and yellow on the sides. Pupa icdidt^ii, wiUi Llie tip yellowish. Common. Essex, and neai' London. Tub Taipr.i;-i.iNK Mocha (E. trUinearia, Stkphens). Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-sixth, red, with tlu-ce common brown streak.s, the first before the middle, curved, very slender and slightly waved; the second band-like and longer j the tliird near the hinder margin, very slender, but much waved, and composed of very minute confluent dots. Rare. Essex, Kent, and Hampshire. BRADYEPETES (Stephkns). Ths Bi.ood Vein {B. amatnria, Stephkns) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-third, pale ashy- yellow, powdered with grey, with the fringes and a common very oblique streak purplish-red, and a common wavy dusky streak towards the hinder margin. Caterpillar, reddish-brown, with dark shades and a pale line on the back ; feeds on liazel, whitethorn, &c. Local. Warwickshire, Essex, Herts, Kent, and Surrey. EPIONE (DUPONCHEL). The BonuERED Beauty {E. ajiiciaria, Stephens) appears the end of July. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-thii'd, bright yellrnv, with minute reddish lines; first pair with a right angled red brown streak before the middle, and a wavy dusky one rising at the tii), with an interjacent spot of the same tint; the second streak is common, and the space from it to the fringe is ashy red. Caterpillar, grey, with a white streak on the back, the sides with white spots and black dots ; feeds on the willow. Not rare. Warwickshire, Cumberland, Cambridgeshire, Essex, and Surrey. Thk Vesper Beautv (E. vcspertaria, Stephens) appears the middle of July. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-sixth, pale yellow, with minute reddish lines ; a dusky central spot; an arched dusky streak behind the middle, from which to the hin- der margin is ashy-red ; the first pair also with an incurved red- dish streak above the ba.sc. Caterpillar, ashy-grey; feeds on tlie hazel. Very rare. Yorkshire. Tab Little Thorn {E. advmaria, Stephens) appeal's in 116 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. woods, the middle of June. Wings one inch to one inch one- sixth, pale ash, sprinkled with dusky, with a pale dusky line on the margin, and the fringe ashy interrupted witli dusky; first pair with two dusky streaks ; second pair with one, and a central blackish dot. Caterpillar, fore part grey-brown, with black invvii,terminatcdbyabrownwavydoublestreak, havini; ill , ,1 iiiHckspot towards the upper edge i behind these til. Ill , , iiNi.ii, but more or less ashy, with darker waves and cldiid , uiul u Mimll black spot on the upper edge near the tip. Scaicc. Cambridgeshire, and Devonsliire. The Mourning Cakpbt (H. tristata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings eleven-twelfths to one inch one-twelfth, white, with the common waved bands, streaks of dots, and border black. The Sable Cakpbt (7f. snhlrutatn, Stephens) appears in June, and in August. Wings one inrli to one inch one-sUth, with bands and streaks dusky, ash-colourcd, and white ; the outer mar. gin of all with an indistinct a-sliy-brown shcak of united wliite arches. CnterpUliir said to feed on Alchemilla vulgaris. Com- mon. Durham, and Yorkslm'e. The Wood Carpet (//. sylvaticata, Stephens) appears the beginning of July. Wings one inch one-fourth, with bands and streaks ashy, white, and dusky ; the outer margin of all dusky, interrupted with a white spot. Rather local. Kent. The White Striped Carpet (H. tmaTigulnta, Stephens) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-sixth to one- fourth, ashy brown, with an obtuse angled band in the midilie, and the ordinary black spot towarils the upper edge i the outer margin of all ashy. brown, vpith a streak of united white arches. Scarce. Kent, and Surrey. The Ci.oaeed Carpet (//. biangulata, Stephens) appears in woody places, in June. Wijigs one inch one-fourth to one-third; first pair greenish, with a broad darker band in the centre, hav- ing two angles followed by a white bandlet, fringes green, with a row of dusky spots ; second pair ash-coloured, with various streaks. Rather scarce. Essex, Kent, and near London. The Phienix Carpet (//. sttorm^n, Stepheks) appears the end of June, and beginning of Aiipiist. WiiiKs one inch one- sixth to one-third j first pair glossy .isli-coloiii-ed, with a dusky. brown band at the base, and anotliir in the- middle three-lobed, and margined on both sides with white. Citlfr/ii/liir, briglit grceo, mth a dull line on the sides and a black one on the back, with some yellowish green spots underneath ; feeds on the aspen. Not scarce. North of England, Essex, Middlesex, and Kent. The BttoKKN-BAREED Carpkt (//. Corylata, Stephens) CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 121 ai)pcars the midtlle of June. Wings one inrh c)nc. sixth to one- fourth, spriulilert with dusky ; first pair with n hr(iH(l indented duslcy hand at the ba.se, and anotlicr in tho iiiidiMc, Kniitly inter- rupted, and irregularly indented. Ciilerjjillnr, yellowish green with brownish-red spots on the back, and a whitish line on the sides I feeds on blackthorn, lime, hazel, &c. Common. Fifeshire, North of England, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. POLYPHASIA (Stephens). Tub Wild Cakpkt (P. immanata, Stephens) appears the heginnrng of July, in woody places. Wings one inch onc-sixth to one.fouith ; first pair ash-colour, varied with grey, with a band at the base, and a second in the middle, outwardly strongly indented. Common. North of England, and Essex. The Pleasant (P. mnmnutii, Stephens). Wings one inch one-sixth 1 first pair rather narrow, ashy-white, with the base black, and a very broad black band in the middle, inwardly indented, with the outer margin extending ; second pair whitish. Rare. Devonshire. TiiK Makblkp Cakpet (P. marmorula, Stephens) appears in July and August. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-fourth ■ lirst pair rusty-ash, slightly clouded with a white band iu the mid- dle, waved with black, with the outer margin extended, and strongly indented. Scarce. Norfolk, Essex, and Kent. TnEjuNCTiONCAnpET(7J.cowci/!no/«,STEpnKNs). Wingaone inch one-fourth ; lirst pair ashgi-ey, clouded with black, viith a whitish band in the middle, strongly indented on its outer mar- gin; second pairdusky, witli a dark spot towards the base, and a pale streak behind tlie middle, and a row of whitish spots towards the hinder margin. Rare. IslcofArran. TuK ConlMA Carpet {P. comma-notntn, Stephens) appears in May, July, and autumn, in woody places. Wings one incli one. tivclfth to one-fourth, ashy brown ; first pair with a very broad tawny band in the middle, waved on its outer margin, with a black dot towards the upper edge ; second pair dusky, with an indistinct.'dark spot, a streak behind the middle, and a row of pale spots behind the hinder margin. Rather scarce. Durham, Nor- folk, Essex, and near London. The Hohnsev Beauty (P. cmlum-nointn, Stephens) appears tncend of May.thcend of July, and in autumn. Wiugsoneinch toone inch one-fourth, pale ash; first pair wiOi an ash-colourcd iiMid in the middle, strongly indented on the outer margin • second pan- as in the preceding. Common. Dui-ham, Essex. and near London. The Lush Carpet (P. saturata, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-fourth ; first pair somewhat ash coloured, with a paler band in the middle, strongly indented on Its outer margin. Not scarce. Durham, and near London. The Deep Carpet (.P.per/uscata, Stephens) appears in July, 122 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHP. in woody places. Wings one inch to one inch one-fourtli ; first pair somewhat nsli colouretl, with a sliffhtly indented blaelt band at the base, and another in the middle, strongly indented j second pair dusl = >■''. ELECTRA (STKpnKNS). TjiEJui-v Spinach (B. cimiitntu, Stkphkns) appears the bcsiniiing of July. Wings one inch one-third to five-twelfths- tot pair ycUowish, clouded with tawny, with a double greyish waved streak at the base, a broad double grey band in the mid- dle, having the ordinary black spots towards the upper edge, and a dusky line at the tip ; second pair pale straw white ; all the fringes white, spotted with brown. CiUerpiUar, varied with green and dusky, with a ycUowish line on the sides, with tvvo dusky sti-eaks on the head ; feeds on the wUd orach. Local. Vorkshiie, Durham, and Middlesex. TiiE Spear (K Papulitl,,, Stkpi.kns) appears in July. Wings one nchone-sixthto one-fourth, pale yellow; first pairwithtwo bands, and hinder margin dusky. Ciiterpillnr, green, varied with yellow, mth a red-brown spot on each segment: feeds on the SUdCheshrr?™""' '*™"'^''' '^'^ <>f Arraa, north of England, The Spinach (B. Spimtchiatn, Stephens) appears in July. Z^VaI" "ne-tlnrd to one-half, first pair varied with yel. low and tawny, with three angular streaks and an oblique line »t the hp tawny-brown ; oil the fringes pale, spotted with brown. Ulnpdlar, green, with a pale line on the sides; feeds on the KSsm'r ''""'""■ ■''"'"' '"^'^ *^''"'"'' *''°"'™°n- J^ssex, sIJI.li?J,'.''''w''' ^^' ''?'"("' Stephens) appears in May and M temhc, . Wings one inch onctliird to five-twelfths ; first pair yellowish grey, with a broad band in the middle, and a white £vfri„^*"'i,Hs '""^''-"•'' """"'i '''™"'' pair whitish, with misKy ^nges. Rather uncommon. Edinburgh, Durham. Che. sliu-e, Essex, MidcUesex, and Devonshire. ""rnam, i,ne. limll" n?-'*'"' <^- /''''"'"'"''"• Stephens) appears the end of Cin!!'"*^''- ?.","'"'='* onc-sixth; first pair yellow, with a red .»7„,,j ■ "n'iW'Ov anrt « red spot at the tip, edged with white; HamMiC ™ "*'*• '^"^'^P'"'" 'ecds on the poplar. Rare! Tub Bakkkd Sthaw (E. i'i(ra/in(«, Stephens) appears the 124 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. end of July. Wings on, mm i i il i-m lnh,, ydlow; first pair with three iui ■ I ines of indistinct spots toward^ '• ■ iiiichiie at the tip. CiUerpittttr,yvli-.^i l< ; u,,,,Mu . ; i.i m - .Itcoj with yeUow i feeds on the wllitethorn and bciUtraw. Common. Bur. ham, Essex, and near London. CELMA fSTKPiiEMS). The Stained Agate (K. iml,„l„l„. Stbphens). Wings five. sixths of an inch to one in.h <,m--twc'lfth, ashy-white ; first pair with a brown streak at tlu- liu.so, and two somewliat confluent brown bands In the middle, the outer one edged witli rose red. Not scarce. North of England. ANAITIS (DupoNCHEi.). The SiKNOER Treble Bak lA. pliigUita, Stephens). Winp one inch flve-twelftlis to three-fourths, greyish wliite ; first pair with two bands, each formed by three streaks in the middle-, second pair paler, with an indistinct streak. Common. Oxford, shire, Norfolk, Essex, Kent, Surrey, and Devonshire. A. pre formata is doubtful as British. SCORIA (DUPONCHKL). The Bi.ace Vkined (S. dealhata, Ochsenheimer). Wings one inch two-thirds to three-fourths, above white, without spots, underneath with the nervures black ; first pair with a black spot in the middle, and a brown bandlet towards the hinder margin. Bare. Kent. ABRAXAS fLEACH). The Panther (/I. /m„ti,riif, Stephens). Wings one inch two-thirds to three-fourths, all wliiiish, with an oblique spot-like streak, a row of large sp.its at the inner edge, and the base of the ftrst pair yellowish. Very rare. Somersetshu-e, and Devon- shire. The Ciouded Maopie (A. Ulmala, Leach) appears the mid- dle of June. Wings one inch one-half to five-sixths, wliitci W pair dusky brown at the base, with a band, common to all the wings, behind the middle, composed of coiiliuent spots, dusky, yellow, and lead- coloured, sUgbtly sprinkled witli sUver ; vart- ous rows of black dots on the body. Clerpillm; greenish blue, with numerous slender Unes; head and tail black ; feeds on tnc elm. Not scarce. Cumberland, and the North of England. Rare in Kent and Middlesex. The Maopie (A. Grosmlnriata, Leach) appears the end of July. Wings one inch one-third to two inclics, wliite ; first m with the base and streak towards the hinder margin yellow, aiia six rows of roimd black spots, more or less confluent -. sccono pair with a few scattered spots on the disc, a streak of the same beliind the middle, and a row on the liinder margin j body yei- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 125 low, with rows of black spots. Caterpillar, white, with a yellow line on the sides, and various rows of black irregular dots and spots; feeds on the currant, blackthorn, Ike, being hatched in the autumn, and living through the winter without feeding. Very common every where in the three kingdoms. MELANIPPE CDuPONCUEi.). The SPEAn Beauty (M. luislata, Stephens) appears the be- ginning of June. Wings one inch one-third to one-half, white, all the margins black ; first pair with two black spotted bands. Caterpillar, dusky brown, with wavy yellow lines on the sides ; feeds on the birch. Scarce. Warwicksliire, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. XERENE (TnKiTSCHKE). ThkClikden Beautv (V, „«„■;//„/«, ocHsENHEi.MEajappears the end of June. Win(,'s .in iliirdto one-half, milk- white, in the centre a bl:" >i i ir with a broad waved somewhat pitchy band :ii.i i ' M.cd with lead colour, a large black thrce-corncrtH i i im r ., ,i diisky- second pair with a dusk \ I ,i : li ; be- hind a waved black doul»K II .11, 1 , , I Mill the first and last segments witli -i ijiij\wi hiu on Uu ..uit;., iiu; inter- mediate ones with a brown crcsccut ou the back ; feeds on the raspbeiTy. Rare. Near London, Kent, and Norfolk. Ths CuALK Carpet (X./)roee//ai«, OcnsENHKifliER). Wings one inch one-third to one-half, snow white ; first pair, with the base, an abbreviated band on the upper edge, and the border dusky; the latter witli a square white spot in the middle ; second pah- witli faint waved streaks, and a white one sometimes within a dark marginal border. Common, Essex, Herts, and Kent. The Ci.ifden Carpet, (,V. adustiita, OcnsENUKiftiER) appears the end of July, and middle or end of August. Wings one inch to one one-twelfth, cream-coloured or whitish ; lirst pair with the base tawny black, and a waved hani I i.i iIh imih imi, inwards Ihehindcrmargin ; arow of douhl. I i :; , ,, ,.!;j,-iu; second pair clouded or sprinkled V. ' mid a band behind the middle, pale dusKv, f i « ii.i. i ,,;, rpiltur, Brecu, with a white spot on the margin, witli red dots; feeds on the spindle-tree in chalky districts. Local. Essex, Herts, and Kent. Toe Blue Border {X.rM6ig^na(a,0cHSKNHEi.MER) appears the end of June, and end of August. Wings three-fourths to one inch one-twelfth, snow-white ; first paii- with the base and an interrupted band in the middle, varied with tawny and brown ; the hinder margin of all wings lead-coloured, with a faint white streak. Caterpillar, green, with a pale line on the back, and a yeUowish green one on the sides ; feeds on the alder. Local. Durham, and Surrey. 1asPi,tii,tBSK(X, plumbata, Sikphens). Wings one inch to 126 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. one one-sixth, lead-coloured or ashy white, the border lead-black, with a pale waved streak ; first pair with the base and central band darker. Scarce. Forfarshire. EUTHALIA (Stephens). TnE Autumn CAnPKT (jB. miitta, Stephkns) appears In the autumn. Wings one inch one.twelfth to one fourth ; first pair whitish-green, with a darker band at tlu- hn c , miil mintlirr in the middle j second pair whiti-sh, witli a iln i i - i ' r fiio mid- dle, and a common dai'ker streak toward . I imii, and on the margiuitself a row of double black ihr , i ->'.,,«;/,/)•, pale green, with red dots; feeds on the bramble, uuiniium. Durham, Cambridgeshire, Essex, and near I>ondon. Tub Parhot Cabpkt (E. Psitlacnta, STBrnBvs), appearsthe middle of October. Wings one inch oue-twclfth to ouc-sl.\th: first pair reddish-green, with black waves, a darker band at the base, and another in the middle ; second pair dusky, with a cen. tral dot. Cuteriiillnr dull green. Not scarce. Durham, Cam- bridgeshii'e, and near London. The May Higiiflvbb (E. implumata, Stbphens) appears the end of May. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-fourth, dusky grey ; first pair with the base and a broad waved band in the middle, whitish ; at the tip towards the \ippcr edge two oblique deep black lines; second pair with obscure waved streaks to- wards the binder margin. Catcriiitlm; reddish-brown, with a pale line on the sides, and two on the back ; feeds on the birch and hazel. Not scarce. Kent and Surrey. PHIBALAPTERYX (Stephbns). The Ficnv (;'. Icrmta, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one one-inch i)iR-t vvilfth to one-tlurd, grey-brown, slightly clouded ; first pair witli !i very indistinct common broad band composed ol evanescent Ijlackisli streaks, in which is a conspicuous black dot towards the upper edge ; towards the hindermargin isan indented whitish line. Cuteriiillnr, brown, with a grey line on the sides, and a pale one on the back, varied witli white ; feeds on the Traveller's joy. Local. Herts, Kent, and Surrey. The Smalt. Waveh Umbke (P. vitalliala, Stbpiien.s) appeals in May. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-third ; first pair red- grey, witli a very dusky broad oblique fillet-like Imnil from the middle of the inner edge to the tip; second pair black at the base, but grey towards the margin, with numerous dusky streaks. Local. Herts, Kent, and Surrey. The Jur,Y Hioh Fi.vBa (.!'. elutata, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one incli one-twelfth to one-fourth ; first pair green, or reddish, sprinkled, waved and clouded with black, wlOi a whitish band behind the mldcUe ; second pair ashy-brovre. Common. North and South of England. Tub Many Maeked {P. polygrammaia, Stephens). Wings CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 127 one incli onc-Uvclftli, of a yellowish white ; first pair with numc rous bands and two transverse streaks, dusky, with a black dot towards the upper edge; second pair with dusky Unes. Very rare. Norfolk. ' ' The 0B1.IBUE Cakpbt (P.lignatu, Stephens) appears the end of August. Wings one aid. to one-twelfth, pfUe grey, wSh tokerstreaks, hinder margin with a row of double black spots ■ first pair with two oblique dusky bauds, the first towards the upiier edge, ash colour, with a deep black spot. Scarce. Com- bndgcslure, Surrey, and Hants, Shs' n ,n r," , ' , V"''^ three-fourths to eleven. S ." ,i "' l.'i-^li 1. -1 vH; nrst pair with various ZrX « Mh'v'it"'',' „ : V "I t'"= ""Wdle, grey and .eidcs, ai^ .:i"red fr,;i;:t;;;.",::;d:r?{1.^^^5rji!;r Common. Sussex, and Devonshire. The KABnow-BARRiii) CarpktCP. an^slata, Stephkns) an. licars the end of September. Wings eleven.twelfths of an inch, dusky grey, slighUy clouded, with an indi.,tinct band in the middle gradually enlarged towards the upper edge, neai- which is an eye^ il«e''' MidSfesex?" ""^^'" "' ^ """" '""''"'"=' "'"''>' ^P'"«- LOZOGRAMMA (Stephens). .krUJi^flf ^'l''''''". ''""•'* (•'••/'«''•''"«. Stephens) appears he end of May, where tern abounds. Wings one inch one-sixth cqui-d slant w i tish streaks, inwardly bordered with dusky • S. ff Surre '' "^ """ ''""^'' "'°"'''- '''°™»°°- ^sex! SCOTOSIA, (Stephens). Tlls Dare Umbek (S. rhamnnta, Stephens) appears the end Sf ;.r' '^nTi-S °f •'"■'«• Wings one incli one-'mi} t' two^ tlu-ds chestnut-brown, with obscure wavcil lines ; rlr.st pair with ffloblique deep brown band in the middle, in which is a black Mfular spot towards the upper edge. CaUrpUlar, green, with a lecds on the buckthorn. Common. Essex, Herts, and Kent. tllJemfnMTim^'' w'"'' '*■ "''"''''''• Stephens) appears in woods, inS'.?V ""'-^""<^ Inch one-sixth to onc-fourth, brown with Ti , "'"""" 1 '"• very obscure waved streaks, alternatini? inwhi,' ".'";■ " '" " ''and in the middle of the first pair, erev mJ;;' ','/ I'". ''.™'»"'s "'^ "Ppcr edge. Cterpillar, S,K'eI,tanrSurrey"''''"'°'"- «=""«'■ ^•='^™- Essex, Mid. of jL°'*Wi,l'"'"'" ■'■'*■.*'""■?""''■ Stephens) appears the end MJune. Wings one inch, pale dusky, with alternate dark aul 128 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. ■whitish indisHnct waved streaks, and black dots on the ncr- vurcs i first pair also with a black cental spot and blackish clouds on the upper edge. Rare. New Forest, Hants. TRIPHOSA (Stephens). Thb Tissuk (T. duMtata, STEruBNs) appears in woody placra the middle of May, the middle of July, and middle of August. WinKS one inch t%vo-thirds to five-sixths, brown shmmg ; Brst pair having a tinge of purple, with a darker band in the middle, generally divided into two ; second pair with obscure waved lines. CatenMlar, green, with dusky lines, and pale streaks, the sides with a yeUow stripe , feeds on the buckthorn. Common. Edinburghshire, Durham, Warwickshire, Essex, Herts, Kent, and Surrey. Tub CiNDEnKi,i.A CI. cinereata, Stephens) appears in July. Wings one inch one-third to one half, pale ash-colour, slnmng; first pair with a dusky band at the base, and one in the middle, composed of two slender bondlets; towards the hinder margin is an interrupted white streak ; second pale, without spots. Rare. Surrey. The Scarce Tissue (T. cervinata, Stephens) appears in April. Wings one inch two-tliirds to five tenths shining, grey i ftrst pair with indistinct streaks or baudlets before tlie middle; then two nan-ow thicker bands, the outer one somewhat triangulM, with an interjacent spot towards the «PP.",fSei second p^r with paler and darker streaks, and a spot m tlie centre. Cater- pillar, with pale stripes on tlie sides, with green spots beneatb; feeds on the barberry. Rare. Near Loudon. CAMPTOGRAMM\ 'STn-nKNS). The Yellow Shell (C. /" '■ '"i^s) appears the cnSo?jIne,andbeginmuen,.in, ,„ „,. inchonc-twditt toone-fourth; yellow, with,, ■■ • ,i '""»'H"^'^S„ streaks; the first pair with a du>k> d.,ui,l. to.id in the m.Me, waved on its outer edge, and maigined with white. Caterpi^, greenish, sometimeswith faint white streaks ; feeds on thcLycimis dioica. Common. Scotland, Northumberland, Yorkshire, Cam- bridgeshire, Essex, and near Loudon. EUCOSMIA (Stephens). The Scollop Shell (B. undulala, Stephens) aPP^rs the en* of June, about woods. Wings one inch one-fourth to flve-twcMui, greyisli, with numerous strongly waved dusky streaks cdgeil ^th white. Caterpillar, feeds on the sallow. Scarce. ^oiK- BMre, Warwickshire, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. CHARISSA (CuiiTis). . The Dark Amulet (CI,. ««se«™rfr<, Stephens) aPP=^' J July. Wings one inch one-fourth to flvc-twclfths j powdcrea CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 129 with black, with an eyelike spot in the middle, and an interrupted black line on the hinder margins; first pair with two central streaks, and the second pair with one, of a very deep black. Caterpillar, violet brown, each segment with two white dots, the Under ones with yellow stripes ; feeds on the dewberry and southern-wood. Common. Devonshire and Hampslilre. The BaiGHT Amulet (CA. dUucidarin, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-third to five-twelfths ; ash-coloured, spruikled with blackish-brown, with an cyelike spot in the mid- dle, behind which is a streak of blackish dots ; the first pair, also, with a similar streak before the middle. Rare. Devonshire. The Bbo>tn Amulet (C*. pullatn, Curtis) appears in Au- gust. Wings one inch one-foiu-th to one-third ; ash-coloured, sprinkled with black dots ; first pair with a darker waved streak before the middle, and a second behind with an interjacent black ring \vith a pale centre towards the upper edge, the cyelike spot and streak beyond the middle common to all the wings. Com- mon. Durham, Kent, and Devonshure. Tub Black Amulet (CA. serotinnrm, Cubtis). Wings one inch one-third ; whitish, with numerous dusky dots, with a com- mon indented black streak behind the middle, and a central black ring, the liinder margin with a row of minute black dots ; Brst pair have also a dusky waved streak towards the base. Rare. Sussex. Tub Obscubb Amulet (CA. opernrin, Curtis) appears the end of July. Wings one inch twothu-ds ()), ash coloured, varie- gated with buff; first pair with two dusky streaks and an inter- jacent spot towards tlie upper edge; and near tlie hinder mar- gin a pale indented streak ; second pair has two pale streaks beyond the middle, tlie inner one edged with black. Rare. Scotland, Fifeshire. PACHYCNEMIA (Stephens). The Horse Chestnut (i*. Hippocastantcria, Stephens) ap- pears in April and July. Wings one inch one-fourth to one- third ; first pair dark ash-coloured, with a silvery hue, with an hldistinct dusky curved streak towards the base, and a waved one behind the middle ; a central dusky spot, and a row of black dots on the hinder margin; second pair whitish, with a reddish tinge, an indistinct streak towards the hinder margin, and on the margin a row of faint dots. Local. Essex, Kent, Surrey, and Hampshire. CHESIAS (Treitschkk). The Stbkak (C. Sparliala, Ochsbnukimeb) appears the end of September or beginning of October. Wings one inch one- fourth to one-half ; first pair grey, variously clouded with three dusky transverse patches of the same colour, placed at the upper edge in the middle, and at the base of the inner margin ; to- wards tile upper edge a pale streak reaching from the base to 130 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. the tip, and towards the hinder margrin an indistinct dariter bandlet bordered with white. CnterpUlar, green or yellow, wltii a light stripe on the sides ; feeds on the broom. Local. War. wicksliirc, and Surrey. The Broom Tip (CTi. (ihUqimritt, OcuSKNnKijiEH) appears in May. Winfra one inch one-sixth to one-fourth ; first [lab- red. dish-grrey, somewhat clouded, at the base a right angled evanes. cent dusky brown streak; and a second wavy band-like white streak near the hinder margin, which tenninatcs in an oblique pitch-black line at the tipj on the hinder margin is a slenilqr black intemipted streak, inwardly bordered with whitish ; second pair pale dusky, spotless. Scarce. Durham, Essex, .ind Surrey. THEHA (STEPnENS). The Island Cakpkt (T. simulala, Stephens) appears the end of June. Wings one inch one-sixth ; fiist pair ashy red, with the base reddish, and an angular central band of the same colour, with a dusky border, and having a dusky dot towards the upper edge; second pair reddish-white. Scarce. Fifcshire, and Kent. The Gkev CAnPKT (T. variata^ Stephens) appears in June, and in September. Wings flve-sixths to one inch onc-sixtli j flrst pair ashy-brown, with a dusky band at the base, and a second in the middle, angular and wa\'y near the upper edge, but thin and almost broken towards the inner edge ; between tliis and tlic hinder margin is a broad indistinct somewliat dusky streak, out- wardly pale i fringe spotted witl> dusky ; second pair pale dusky. Caterpilliir, green, with a whitish line on the back and sidesi feeds ou various kinds of fir. Common. Chesliirc, Herts, Essex, Middlesex, Kent, and Surrey. The Obelisk (T.fulvatn, Stephens). Wings one inch anda (luarter; flrst pair ashy-grey, with a band at the base, and asccond in the middle reddish. Scarce. North and middle of England. Thk Juniper (T. Junipernta, Stephens) appears in Septem- ber. Wings one inch, ash-coloured ; first pair with two dusky grey bands, and a dusky line at tho tip. CriterpUliir, green, with a whitish and reddish line : feeds on the juniper. Rare. Kent. OPORABIA (Stephens). The Autumn Bordek (O. dilutnta, Stephens) appears in October. Wings one inch one-sixth to cleven-twclfths, whitish ash ; flrst pair with various waved dusky streaks placed in bands of two or three, and nearly equi-distant from each other ; second pair paler, with some waved lines towards tiie hinder margin. Caterpillar, dull green, with reddish spots and a yellowish Itae on the sides ; feeds on the oak, elm, &c. Common, Durham, Cumberland, and Essex. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 131 CHEIMATOBIA (Stbphens). TnE Winter (C. imlffaris, Stephens) appears the end of November, aiid beginning: of December. Wintre of the male one iucli one-twelfth to one-sixth, ashy -brown ; first pair with vari- ous indistinct darker waved streaks, forming in the middle an indistinct transverse band ; the hinder margin with some dusky spots at the base of the fringe. Caterpillar, pale green, with faint lines on the sides ; polyphagous. Common. Durham, Essex, and Kent. The Early (C. rupicaprarica, Stephens) appears the middle or end of January. Wings of the male one inch one-twelfth to one-fourth, greyish brown ; first pair with a central band, termi- nated on each side with a deep colour, thinner towards the inucr margin, and the disc with a large black spot; the hinder margin of all with a row of dusky spots; second pair whitish, with a dusky spot in the middle, and an evanescent streak to- wards the hinder margin. Female whitish ash, with a central band, reddish margined with brown. Caterpillar, dull green, with white lines on the sides, the segments with white edges ; feeds on the wild plum. Rather scarce. North of England, and LOBOPHORA (Stephens). TiiR HoNKTSUCKLK LouK {L. jmlycommaUi, Curtis) appears in April. Wings pale grey brown j first pair with a centi-al darker band, and an indented white line. Caterpillar, green, with dusky spots and a yellowish line on the sides ; feeds on the honeysuckle. Scarce. Kent. The Tooth Striped {L. dentistriffata, Stephens) appears the middle of April, and in June. Wings one incli onc-fourth to one third ; first pair whitish or ash-eoloured, with about five very indistinct dusky waved streaks, the outer one inwardly indented. Caterpitlfir, brown, with the back dull green, and a yellowish line on the sides; feeds on the honeysuckle. Scarce. Kent. Tna Striped Rib (L. eostcestrif^ata, Curtis) appears in July. Wings one incli one-third, ashy ; fh-st pair with about five dusky double equi-distant streaks on the upper edge ; second pair with an obscure streak on the margin. Rare. Near Lon- don. Thk Devon Lobe (£-. rupestrata, Stephens) appears injunc. Wings one inch one-third ; the first pair with five waved dusky streaks; the second pair with two dark dusky waved lines near the margin, fringes white. Rare. Devonsliire. Tos Yellow BaiNnLED Bar (L. viretata, Curtis) appears in June. Wings one inch one-twelfth; first pair greenish, with bandlets and equi-distant streaks, varied witli black and greenish, and, as it were, composed of black clouds and dots ; on the mar- gin a row of minute square black spots ; fringe ashy and brown ; second pair ashy, spotless. Caterpillar, greenish-yellow, with reddish. brown spots on the back j feeds on the privet. Scarce. Norfolk, Essex, and Kent. K 2 132 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Seraphim {L. hexapterata, Curtis) appears in June. Wings one inch onc-twclfth to one-fourth; first pair varied with duslty anrt ash colour, with interrupted darlter bands and streaks ; the base in the males witli an organ resembling a wing. CnterpHtar, feeds on the beech in autumn. Common. Near Edinburgh, and in Kent, Thk Small Surapiiim {L. sexatisata, Cvh-tis) appears in June and August. Wings thrcc-fourths to elcven-twelfths of aninch ; first pair ashy-grey, clouded with two bands, and a streak towards the hinder margin whitish. Cuturpillar whittish green, with white stripes on the sides ; feeds on the sallow. Scarce- Sui'rey, and Hants. EUPITHECIA fCuRTis). The BBAUTiruL Puo {E. Linariata, Curtis) appears in August. Wings three-fourths to five-sixths of an inch ; first pair with dusky and red bands, the border ash-colourcd, with an indistinct waved white streak ; second pair dusky whitish, with pale indistinct and darker streaks. Caterpillar, green, with dark spotson the back, and a dull line on the sides; feeds on the toad-flax. Scorco. Kent. The Small Beautiful Puo (E. pulchdlata, Stephens) appears in July. Wings three-fourths to eleven-twelfths of an Inch ; first pair ashy-white, clouded and stieaked with red and dusky, with a dusky band in the middle. Rare. Kent, and Surrey. Tub Green Puo {E. rectangulata, Stephens) appears themid- die and end of June. Wings two-thirds to five-sixths of an inch, green, witli streaks, clouds, and three posterior somewhat square confluent spots, dusky; second pair .somewhat similar, but without clouds. Common. North of England, Essex, and near London. The Brass Pug {E. subterata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings two-thirds to three-fourths of an inch ; first pair green, with three somewhat angular black streaks ; tlie border slightly clouded. Hare. Devonshire. The Black Silk Puo, E. nigrosericeata, Stepuens) appeals injune(?) Wings three fourths to five-sixths, glossy or silky black, witli a white waved streak near the hinder margin. Rare. Near London. The Satin Puo (E. sericenta, Stephens). Wings pale silken brown, with a common waved streak near the hinder margin, and whitish fringes. Rare. Locality unknown. The V. Puo (JS. V. ala, Stephens) appears in July. Wings two-thirds of an inch to five-sixths, green ; first pair marked with a blaek V behind the middle. Rare. Essex, Kent, and Surrey. The Double-striped Puo (B. SlroHlata, Stephens) appcan in Juno amongst firs. Wings two-tliirds of an inch to tlirce- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 133 fourths, greyish white, with a tinge of reddish, with two com- mon pectinated dusky bands, and on the hinder margrin an indistinct wliitisli indented line. Scarce. Surrey. Tub Rbd-barred Pi/o (E. ntfifasciata, Stephens) appears in March and April. Wings two-tliirds of an inch, grey, clouded with black, with two reddish bands. Scarce. Near London and Devonsliire. Thb Ji/NiPEH Puo {E . leeviguta, Stephens) appears in July or August. Wings three-fourths of an inch to five-sixths, ash- coloured, streaked and clouded with white and dusky. Cater- pillar very slender, smooth, green, with a darker line on the back, interrupted with red in the yonng state ; the sides with two lines, slightly interrupted with whitish ; the eyes and hind- emiost segment reddish ; feeds on the juniper. Scarce. Kent. TuK MoTTLEn Puo (E. es-igtiata, Stephens) appears the end of June. Wings tturee- fourths of an inch to five-sixths, whitish grey, clouded with dusky, with three dusky spots placed cross- ways, the fringes dingy, with darker spots. Caterpillar^ dingy green, with a line on tlie back, and one on each side ; feeds on the barberry. Not scarce. Fifeshire, Durham, and near London. Thk Bupf Puo {E, ochreata, Stephens). A dark variety of E. eaig^uata. The Sbort Puo (B. abhreviata, CunTis) appears in June, Wings three-fourths of an inch ; first pair whitish, clouded with ash-colour, with various dusky streaks, and four deep black lines ; second pair ash white, with the hinder margin dusky and some- what streaked. Scarce. Yorkshire and Kent. Thk Grey Puo (_E. singnlariata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch; first pair ashy grey, slightly clouded and indistinctly waved, with a conspicuous black dot in the centre ; second pair ashy, with a central dot and dusky margin, in which is a white waved evanescent streak. Kare. Kent. TfiR Brindled Puo {E. neAuM^ff, Stephens) appears in woods in June. Wings five-sixths of an inch, grey, slightly clouded with black J fli-st pair with tlie ordinary black spot evanescent; second pair ashy, with two evanescent sh-eaks of minute black lines. Common. North of England and near London. The Spkcki-kh Pug {E. alhipunctata, Stbpukns) appears in woody copses in June. Wings five-sixths of on inch to one inch; first pair dusky, with the central black dot, indistinct paler clouds, and a streak of white spots on the hinder margin, and a larger white spot on the upper edge before the streak ; second pair sunilar. Rather scarce. Near London. The Small Brindleh Puo (E. s«A«m&ra(a, Stephens) ap- pears in woods the end of June or the beginning of July. Wings seven -twelfths of an inch to t%vo-third8, grey, with numerous deeper clouds disposed, as it were, in streaks ; sometimes a narrow band before the middle, composed of dusky streaks. Scarce. 134 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. Thb Small Bandkd Puo (B, subfasciata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings ten lines and a half; fii-st pair ratlicr narrow, dusky, with interrupted black lines, an indistinct pale band in the middle, and a pale indented streak towards the liinUer mar- gin. Rare. Kent. Thk Common Puo C^. nulgata, Stepiikns) appears in gardens in June. Wings two-thirds of an inch to five-sLxths, grey brown, almost spotless, with a white waved streak at the hinder margin, inwardly marked with brown ; sometimes a few obscure dusky streaks on the disc. Common. Fifesbire, Cumberland, Chcsliire, and near London. Thk Brown GftEV Puo {E. subfmcata, Stkphsns) appears in gardens in June. Wings three-fourths of an inch to live-sixths, dusky ash, with the hinder margin darker, in which is a pale waved indistinct and almost imperceptible streak ; in the centre is the ordinary black dot. Not scoixe. Near London. Thb Scarce Puo {E. innotnta, Stkphbns) appears in gardens in June. Wings five-sixths of an inch, grey brown; first pair with two bands, composed of four black waved streaks; on the disc is the minute black dot ; second pair paler. Rare. Kent. The Wormwood Puo C^- Abshit/iiafa, Sticphkns) appears in gardens in June. Wings five-sixths of an, inch, grey brown; first pair with black spots on the upper edge, and alarge one on the disc; towards the hinder meirgin an interrupted waved white streak; second pair with the posterior angle Eish- coloured, with a minute white dot. Common. North of Kngland and near Urn- don. Thk Noted Puo {R. notuta, Stephens) appears in June. Wings three-fourths of an inch, grt-y brown ; first pair with a round black dot in the centre ; second pair with indistinct darker streaks. Scarce. Near London. The LoNo-wiNOEo Puo {E. elongntn, Stephens) appearsin June in gardens. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch to one iDCh one-twelfth, rather long, of a uniform dusky tint, with black spots on the upper edge, and a targe black spot in the middle towards the upper e(!ge ; second pair paler, with a smaller cen- tral spot. Rare. North of England. The Plain Puo {E. shnpliciata, Strphbns) appears in July In lanes and gardens. Wings three-fourths of an inch to five-slxtlis, grey, rounded with various indistinct paler streaks, and a com- mon indistinct border of a darker tint ; in the centre of the disc is a minute dusky dot. Common. Kent. The Small Grey Puo (E. pusillata, Stephens) appears io June. Wings seven -twelfths of an inch to two-thirds, ash co- loured, with indistinct streaks, and the border darker ; first p^ with the ordinary black dot ; second pair pubescent. Caterpillar, green, with pale lines ; feeds on the birch and juniper. Com- mon. Kent. Thb Lead-coloured Puo (E. plumbeolata, Stephens) ap- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 135 pears the end of May and beginning of June. Wings seven- twelfths of an inch to two-thirds, of a leaden-ash, with uuineroua indistinct darker and paler waves ; the ordinary spot wanting. Common. Kent. TnB Tawnv Si'kck (E. stibfaltmta, STKPiiENa) appears the begiiininf? of August. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch to one inch ; first pair tawny, with the upper edge and hinder margin dusky; towards the upper edge on the disc is a conspicuous black dot; second pair dusky. Rather scarce. Near lioudou. North of England, and Kent. Tub Scotch Pug C^- cognata, STKpnENs). Wings eleven- twelftlis of an inch ; first pair ash coloured, marbled with red anli white, with four double and very much waved pale sb-eaks, with black lines in the nervures, and a black rounded spot on the disc towards the upper edge. Scarce. I'Hfeshireand MidLotliian. TnB BoimBRBn Limb Spkck {E. succenturiata, Stbpubns) appeal's in July. Wings eleven- twelfths of an inch to one inch, asliy-wliite, a little clouded ; first pair with the upper edge and hinder margin dusky ; on the disc towards the upper edge a conspicuous black spot. , Caterpillar, chocolate brown, with white stripes on tlie sides j feeds on the wormwood. Aather scarce. Kent, and Surrey. TnB Croydon Puo {E. piperitata, Strprbpis) appears the be- ginning of July. Wings tliree- fourths of an inch to five-sixths, whitisli, powdered with ash-colour; first pan: with the upper edge and hinder margin brownish-ash, a small black dot in the centre. Scarce. Surrey, The Limb Speck {E. Centaxireata, Stephens) appears in June, in gardens. Wings two-thirds of an inch to five-sixths, white, clouded with black i fii-stpair with the upper edge nearly uninterrupted black, having behind the middle a somewhat three-cornered black spot, in which is a black crescent ; second Ijjur white, with tiie inner and hinder mai-gins and centTEil dot more or less dusky. Caterpillar, green, with white spots; feeds on the Centaui'ea scabiosa, &c. Common. Durham, Essex, and near London. Tub Narkow-winobd Puo (E. angustata, Stephens) ap- pears the beginning of August. Wings two-tliirds of an inch to three- fourths, long and uaiTow, ash-coloured; first pair with three oblique whitish bandlets, and the ordinary black spot; second pair witii pale streaks. Common. North of England, Herts, and Kent. The Mardlbd Puo {E. variegata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings three-fourths of an inch to five-sixths, whitish; first pair marbled with dusky streaks and bands ; second pair with a black spot in the centre, and the liinder margin with dusky clouds. Hare. Kent. The Pinion-spotted Puo {E. con sign ata, Stephens) appears the end of J one, or the beginning of J uly . Wings three- fourths of aa inch to five-sixths, glaucous green j first pair with double 136 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. darker streaks, and liver-coloured spots on the upper edge, and a deep black crescent in the middle ; secon* pair whitish-ash, with an ordinary central black spot. Rare. Yorkshire, Kent, and near London. Thk NKTTKn Puo (E. venosata, Strphrns) appears the be- ginning of June. Wings five-sixths of an inch to one inch, hoary ; first pair with four uniting waved black or wliite streaks. Scarce. Near London, and Kent. CLEOGENE (Duponciikl). Thb Spotless Yellow {CI. tincturia, Stephens). Wings one inch one-third to five-twelfths, yellow, spotless, tlte an- tennae black or dusky. The Spotless Whitb {C. nweata, Stephens). Wings eleven- twelftlis of an inch, snow-white, spotless; first pair dusky underneath. Rare. Scotland. MINOA (TnEiTscnKK). Thk Cuimvev-Swkepeh (M. Chcerophi/lluta, Ochsenheimkr) appears the beginning of June. Wings one inch to one inch one-sixth, deep sooty black, with the tips of first pair only wliitc; anteunre and botly of the same colour. Cute)'pittart dull green; feeds on the Ch atrophy llum sylvestre. Common. Durham, Middlesex, and Surrey. Tub Drab Looper (M. Euphorbiata, Ochsenheimer,) ap- pears in woods, the end of May. Wings three-fourths of an inch to five-sixths, brownish-ash, 'spotless and rounded ; eyes black. Caterpillar^ yellowish- green, dotted with white and black, with a dark line on the back; feeds on the Euphorbia Cyparissias. Rather scarce. Essex, Kent, and Surrey. BAPTA (Stephens). The White SPOTTED Pinion {B. bimaculata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch to one inch one-sixth, snow- white, with a black dot in the midiile ; first pair with two deep black spots on the upper edge. Local. Middlesex, and Kent, The Clouded Silver {B. punctata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-third, snow-white, with a black central dot ; first pair with a blotch on the uincr margin, a band on the hinder margin near the tip, and a row of dots on the margin itself, all black ; second pair with an evanes- cent dusky streak towards the hinder margin. Not eouunon. Essex, and Kent. APLOCERA (Stephens). Thb February Cari-et {A. cxsUUa, Stkphens) appears the end of February and in June. Wings one inch one-fourth to one-half; first ps^ir whitish, sprinkled with bluish and dusky, CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 137 with a broad indented dusky band in tlie middle, composed of several waved streaks, and dividing into two branches towards the upper edge, with a central black spot, near the hinder margin a streak of white arches ; second pair with the central spot and one or two streaks dusky. Common. Nortli of England, Cum- berland, and Dcrbyshii-e. TiiK Yellow UoanER (A. Jlavicinctata, STBPBKtJS) appeals in June. Wings one inch one-third to one-half; first pair whitish, with blue dots, with a band mixed with dusky and yel- low, and forked towards the upper edge, with a central black spot, near the hinder margin a streak composed of white arches placed behind a fifth yellowish bandlet. Scarce. Cumberland. EMMELESIA (Stephens). TnK Sandv Cakpkt (E. deaiilorata, Stephens) appears the end of June in woody places. Wings one inch to one inch one- sUth ; first pair brick red, with four strong etiui-distant white streaks, the first near the base, the second in the middle, the third interrupted towards tlie hinder margin, and the third waved at the base of the fringe; second pair white, with a streak in the middle, and marginal border very pale and dusky. Common, Durham, Cumberland^ Herts, Essex, and Middlesex. The Rivulet {E. ajpnitata, STBpnBNS) appears in June on shniha. Wirtgs one inch to one inch one twelfth, of a tawny brown, somewhat sti"eaked with dusky waves, with a conspi- cuous white waved band behind the middle ; second pair pale dusky, with a whitish band towards the hinder margin. Scarce. North of England, Essex, Herts, and Middlesex. Tin; Small Rivulet {E. turfKiria, Stephens) appears the end of June and beginning of July. Wings fivc-sixtlis of an inch to eleven-twelfths ; first pair dusky, somewhat streaked with wavy white bands, with a narrow zigzag white streak behind the middle ; second pair more pale, with a darker margin. Com- mon. Fifeshire, Cheshire, Essex, and Middlesex. The Middle Rivulet {E. rivululn, Stkphkns) appears the middle of June and in Jiily. Wings two-thirds of an inch to three- fourths, brown ; first pair with a whitish streak before the middle, and a second composed of white arches towards the hinder margin, behind the middle is a distinct waved white band, in which is a pale dusky streak ; second pair dusky with a darker central dot, and an indistinct paler hand behind the middle. CiiterpiUrir, greenish yellow, with reddish brown line; feeds on the Lamium purpiuremn. Scarce. Nortli of England, Herts, and Surrey. TnR Heath Rivulet (E. ericetata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings seven-twelfths to two-thirds of an inch, ashy- white ; first pair with the base, a central band, and hinder mar- gin, on which is a slightly waved white streak, ashy-brown ; second puir with whitish waved streaks towards the hinder margin. Common. Fifeshu'e and North of England. 138 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The White Bordek (B. blandiata, Stephens) appears in June. Wings three-fourths of an inch ; first pair snow wliite, with an interrupted brown band in the centre, and the hinder margin pale brown, with a waved white streak; second pair ■white at the base, with the hinder margin pale brown. Scarce. North of England. The Grass Rivulet (E. aliulala, Stephens) appears in meadows tlie end of June and beginning of July and August. Wings three-fourths of an inch to five-sixths; first pair with narrow grey brown bands and indistinct somewhat waved white strealis, the hinder margin reddish-grey, with a waved wliitish streak common to all the wings ; second pair pale dusky, with a narrow whitish band behind the middle. Common. North of England and Surrey. The Small Blue BorenER {E. Mgonutn, Stephens) appears in June and beginning of August, about hedges. Wings tlirce. fourtlis of an inch, white, the border ash-coloured, with a waved white streak ; first pair with an ashy band at the base, on the middle of the upper edge a black triangular spot, and the very minute transverse band on tlie inner margin. Scarce. Cum- berland, and Kent. The Cumderland Rivulet (E. txniaia, Stephens) appcan in July. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch ; first pair tawny- grcy, with the base and the band in the middle dusky, and a rusty patch on the upper edge j second pair dusky grey, with 8 pale streak. Rare. Cumberland. The SiNOLE-BARREn Rivulet (E. unifasnata, Stephens) appears in June and August. Wings five-sixths of an inch to cleven.twelftlis ; first pair grey-brown, with a brown band in the middle, towards the hinder margin a dusky twin spot, and a second at the tip ; second pair dusky, with a faint centrnl darker spot. Reltc. Kent. The DouBLE-BARREn Rivulet (E. lii/nscinta, Stephens) appears In June. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch, ash-colour i first pair with two oblique contiguous bands, the outer one a little behind the middle and rather waved on the outward cdfC, behind these, towards the upper edge, a brown twin spot, and a small one at the tip ; second pair ashy, with a dark central dot. Rare. Tub Least Carpet (E. rusticata, Stephens) appears the end of June and beginning of July, in copses. Wings scvcn-twelftlis of an inch to two-thirds, milk-white, with a black central dot; first pair with a waved or three lobed dusky band in the middle, and in fine specimens a pale dusky streak towards the hinder margin ; second pair whitish, with ashy waves near the base, and a row of minute dots on the hinder margin. Scarce. Kent, and Surrey. The Purple-bar Rivulet (E. purpurata, Stephens). Said to be British on doubtful authority. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 139 The Wavbd Carpet (E. st/lvrda, Stuphens) appears in June, Wings clcven-hvclfths to one inch, whitisli, sprinkled witll dusky dots and clouded ; first pair with three narrow bands, and a streak of arciies towards the hinder margin, reddish-grey j all tlie fringes ash-coloured. Scarce. Surrey. Tbk Small Whitk Wave (,E. candiduta, Stephens) appears the end of May and in June, in woods. Wings three-fourths of an Inch to five-sixths, snow-white, having a central pale brown spot, with numerous common strongly waved inequi-distant grey streaks. Common. Essex, and near London. Tiis Small Yellow Wave (E. luteatii, Stephens) appears the end of May, in woody places. Wings three-fourths of an itcli to five-sixths, deep yellow, witli a dusky central spot towards tlie costa, and niunerous common inequi-distant strongly waved reddish-yellow streaks. Common. Fifeshil'e, Durham, Essex, Kent, and Surrey. TuK DiNoy Shell {E. hepnrata, Stephens) appears in June aildJuly. Wings one inch to one inch one-twelfth j first pair dull yellowish, with two pale dusky streaks behind the middle, and the hinder margin dull brown ; second pair dusky. Cater- pilliir, grass-green, with two whitish stripes on the sides, and two wlilte spots on each segment, head with black spots ; feeds on the bireh, (Betula alba). Scarce. Kent, and Surrey. STRENIA (DUPONCUEL), Tbe Latticed Hkath (S. clathratn, Stephens) appears the end of May and middle of July. Wings eleven-twelfths to one inch one-sixth ; yellowish with the nervures dusky, and about four ineiiui-distant broad waved streaks, occasionally uniting, the fringes with alternate brown and white square spots. Cater- pillar, bluish green, with a pale stripe on the sides spotted with black ; feeds on trefoil. Common. Durham, Yorkshii"e, Essex, Kent, Hertfordshire, and Surrey. VENILIA (DUPONCHEL). The Speceled Yellow (,V, mueularia, Stephens) appears in woody places the end of May. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-fourth ; tawny, witli numerous scattered dusky spots. Ca. lerpillar, green, with a black line on the back, and a pale one on the sides j feeds on the arch-angel. Common. Warwickshire, Oxfordshire, and near the London. TnsPiNioN Spotteh Yellow, ( V. guadrimaculata.SrErnittis) appears the end of April and beginning of May. Wings one inch one-t\velftli, sulphur coloured, the first pair with the upper edge sprinkled with brown at the base, and having four cqui-distaut black spots ; second pair darker, spotless. Very rare. Middlesex, Stephens) ap- 140 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. pears in June. Wings two-tliirils nf an Inch to flve-sixtlis ; first pair of a rich golden yellow, on tlic uppor edge an oblique band before tbe middle, and a sitdiuI towards the hinder margin, purple ; the second pair purple, witli a golden spot in the middle, all the fringes of a deep golden yellow. (Mevpillar, greyish, with a p»le line on the back and sides; feeds on the plantain. Common. Norfolk, Surrey, and Gloucestershire. PTYCHOPODA (Stephens). The Small Fan. footed Wave (i-*. dilutarm, Stephens) ap pears the end of August in hedges. Wings fivo-sixths of an inch to eleven-twelfths ; whitish-grey, with the hinder margin ash- coloured, ornamented with four or live alternate whitish or pale dusky streaks, and a row of black spots on the margin itself, with a waved dusky streak before the middle, and another behind with an interjacent central black dot. Common. Fifeshire, Durham, Esse-x, Kent, and Surrey. Tub Bordered Fan-footed Wave [P. fimhriolata, Steprbks) appears in June. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch; whitish, with a minute deep brown centi'al spot, a pale brown common central streak, and the hinder margin deep brown, with a waved white streak, fringes pale brown. Scarce. Near London. Tub Prettv Fav-koot Wave (P. decomriu, Stephens) ap- pears in June. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch ; ash-coloured, with a central dot and streak dusky, the hinder margin waved with dusky. Scarce. Near London. The Small Dotted Wave {P. lividatn, Stephens) appears the beginning of June. Wings three-fourths of an inch to live. sixths ; first pair ashy-white, sprinkled with minute dusky dots, with three small cqui-distant dots on the upper edge, from wliich arise three dusky streaks, towards the inner margin three orfoui transverse dusky spots, bordered with whitisli, from whicli a whitish waved streak passes to the upper edge, beyond which the space is dusky; second pair very similar, all with a dusky spot in the centre, and a row of black twin spots on the Under margin. Common. Fifeshire, Durham, and near London. The TaKBLE Twin-spot (P. trigemimita, Stephens) appcan in June. Wings five-si.xths of an inch, ycllowish-white, with a central black dot ; first pair with the base of the upper edge and a band towards the hinder margin, composed of three double and somewhat confluent black spots ; second pair nearly spotless, with a slight dusky streak behind the middle ; at the base of the fringe of all the wings a row of minute dusky dots. Rather scarce. Kent . The Lack Border (P. omata, Stephens) appears in Jant ond April. Wings one inch to one one-sixth, snow-white, a little clouded, with a central black dot, and an elegant waved border, composed of whitish. grey and pale dusky, imited spots. Bare. Kent, Hants, and Devonshire. The Mullein Wave (P. incanata, Stephens) appears tli« CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 141 end of June and in the autumn. Wings one incli onc-twclfth ; wliitish-urcy, powdered mth dusky, with a minute central dot, and ohscure dusky waves, the first arched, sometimes wanting, and tlie second wavy behind the dot, and, as it were, composed of dots, a tliird towards the hinder margin, tlien a common very Indistinct row of dusky round spots, and on the margin itself a row of triangular black dots. Not rare. Norfolk, Kent, and ])evonshirc. The Laroe Lace BoanBR (P. Hmbounlata, Stephens) said to b« British, on doubtful authority. Tub Tooth Striped Wave (P. cmtiguaria, Stephens). WinBS one inch one-twelfth, whitish, slightly powdered with a central black dot, and about four common waved dusky streaks, the hinder margin dotted with black. Most probably a variety of P. incaimta. Scarce. Norfolk and Kent. The Lesser Crea»i Wave (P. immutata, Stephens) appears Ihe end of June and beginning of July. Wings live-sixths of an ineli to eleven-hvclflhs, cream-coloured, or whitish, with a cen- tral black dot, and about five common nearly equi.distant yel- lomsli streaks, the fringes often dotted with black. Scarce. Norfolk. The Purple Red Wave {P. nbricata, Stephens). Wings tleven-twelfths of an inch, purplish-red, with three purplish brown sti'caks, fringes yellowish red. Rare. Yorkshiie and Kent. ACIDALIA (Treitschke). Ttie Dwarp Cream Wave {A.ossmta, Stephens) appears the end of June, on hedges. Wings three-fourths of an inch to ftve- sisths, whitish yellow, glossy, obscurely waved with a central dot, and a row of minute black dots on the liiuder margin. Com- mon. Kent and Surrey. Tick Dotted Maroin {A.marginepunciata, Stephens). Wings fvesKths of an inch, buff coloured, with obscure waved streaks, a ocntral dusky dot. and a row of black dots on the hinder margin. Perhaps a variety of /'. osseata. Local. Hants. TiiE SMAr.i, Dusty Wave (A. virgularia, Stephens) appears m July, on hedges, woods, &c. Wings one-half of an inch to we.sixths, longish, thickly powdered with a«h-colour, the hinder niarpn of all dusky, with small whitish clouds and minute black ns; the fh-st pair with a slightly angular streak before the middle, and a second, which is common," beliind. Common. Oiirliam, near London, Kent, and Devonshire. The Satiny Wave (/I. su/tserict-ata, Stephens) appears in ^oody places, in June. Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch, of a suKcn white, with a gi'cenish tinge, with five darker cqui .distant "avert streaks, and without the ordinary central spot. Scarce. TiiK Plain Wavk (^. inamata, Stephens) appears in woody 142 CONSPECTUS 01' MOTHS. places, the end of June and beginning of July. Wings one inch one-sixth, pale grey-brown ; Urst pair with three eqid-distaiit darker evanescent streaks, the last of which is slightly waved towards the upper edge, the fringes spotless. Not rare. Kent. Thk Ribband W.wk C^. mersata, Stbphbns) appears in June, July, and beginning of September. Wings one inch one-si.\tli to one-fourth, ash-coloured, with remote dusky dots, and a dark cen. tral dot, beyond which is a broad dusky slightly waved band, an interrupted pale waved marginal streak, and at the base of the fringes some black spots ; the lirst pair also with a faint streak towards the base. Common. Chesliu-e, Essex, and near London. Tub VAniADLB Ribband Wavk (A. revmtatti, Stephens) appears in woods; in June and September. Wings one uich one. sixth to three-fourths, ashy, with a central black dot; first pair with three equi-distant sUghtly waved dusky streaks, of which the two last, and another at the base of the fringes, composed of black dots, are common to the second pah. Common. Edin- burgh, Durham, Cheshu-e, and Essex. The Dinov Wave (A. fuliginaia, Stephens) appears in June. Wings one inch one-half to one-sixth, of a smoky-brown, with an indistinct dark streak behind the middle of the first pair, Rare. Near London. The Smoky Wave (A. fumata. DAI.B !) appears in Juni. Wings one inch one-twelfth to oncsixth, ashy, very thickly sprinkled with dusky dots, with three or four very indistinct dusky streaks, and the hinder margin spotless. Scarce. Scot- laud, Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Devonshire. Tub Pale Cream Wave (A. lactata, Stephens,) appearsthc end of May and middle of June. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-sixth, whitish, with a streak near the base of the first pair, a waved one in the middle, and a third towards the hinder mar. gin, common to all the wings ; the margin itself sometimes with a row of very minute black spots. Common. Essex, and near London. The Cheam Wave (A. floslactata, Stephens). Wings one inch to one inch one-twelfth, cream white, sprinkled with minute dusky dots, with four dark waved streaks, disposed in pairs, the two first before the middle, and the other two behind. Com- mon. Durham, and near London. PffiClLOPHASIA (Stephens). The Clouded Bobder (/•■. marginaia, Stephens) appears in May, July, and August. Wings one inch to one inch one. twelfth, white ; the upper edge of the first pair lilack, inter- rupted in the middle with white ; in the centre of the winRS a common interrupted black band ; on the hinder margin a broad waved black borders the fringes black. Common. North 01 England, Yorkshire, Norfolk, Essex, and near Loudon. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 143 TIMANDRA (Duponchbl). TiiK Smam, Bi.oou Vein ("J", imitariu, Stephens) appears in June and July. Wings one inch one. twelfth, to one-sixtli, with a curved dusky streak before the middle of the first pair, an"'!' ^^."'eh is a conunon yel. . — ...„ »i.pb> »-i.^c, uiriiiiiu wiiii;ii IS a conunon ye ' band. Common. Cumberland, Kent, and Hampshire! 144 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The DiNOY Anolbd {M. prisntomatat Curtis). Wines one inch one-fourth, whitish, thickly covered \vitli dusky dots, with three very indistinct streaks, tlie border darker. Rare. Locality unknown. The WniTK Spot (3/. unipunctata, Stephens). Wings one inch one. third, reddish, indented, with three indistinct streaks, and a white spot towards the tip. Rare. Locality unknown. ANIA (Stephens). The Bordkred Chequer {A, limbntu, Stephens). Wings one inch one-twelfth, pale red, waved with rust-brown, with abroad rusty-brown border. Uare. Scotland, The Smam, Scollop (.<. emargmata, Curtis) appears the end of July. Wings five-sLxths to eleven-twelfths, yellowish, with a central black dot, and three dusky lines. Catarpitlar, dull yellow, with a brown line on the back ; feeds on the bind weed. Common. Essex, and near London. ENNOMOS (Treitschke). The Beautieui. Hook Tip (.E. flexula, Stephens) appears the middle of July, and beginninjr of August, gl'ey, with two pale angular streaks, bordered with dusky, and two interjacent spots. Citterpilttir, greenish, with the neck, protttberance on the back, tail, head, and legs reddish ; feeds on lichens. Scarce. Essex and Surrey. PLATYPTERICID/E- PLATYPTERYX (Laspevres). The ScAiiOP Hook Tip (P. lacertula, Stephens) appears In May. Wings one inch one-fourth to one third, grey and wavy, as if eroded, with two rusty streaks, and a point between them; second pair white, with a yeUow border ; Caterpillar leeds on the birch in September. Near London. The Lineless Hook Tip, (P. cuUraria, Stephens). Verjf simUar to the preceding, but the wings without any cross-Unes. Near London. DREPANA (Laspevres). The Peeblb Hook Tip (B. /atcataria. Leach) appeara U) June. Wings one inch one-third, glaucous green, with nume- rous iron-grey wavings i first pair hooked witli a band, grci wavings, and a dusky point. Rare. Yorkshure, and near London. . .„ .-v The Oak Hook Tip {D.hamula, Stephens) appears m oM woods in July. Wings of the male one inch one-fourth, fenrn one inch one-third, and red ; first pair hooked-orange brown, mu two yellow streaks and a twin point between ; second pah; P^'y in the female all the wings paler. Caterpillar feeds on the can. Rather scarce, Kent, and near London. C0KSPECTU3 or MOTHS. 145 The BnowN Hook Tip (Dr.uncula,STEvnENs). Near London. TriK Barrbd Hook Tip (Dr. unguicula, Stephens). Wings one iuoh one-fourth, hooked, dusky yellow, with two curved streaks, rather thicker towards the edge, and between these the colour of a deeper tint. Near Loudon. The Scarcb Hook Tip (Dr./ascinta, Stkphbns). Wings one inch five-twelfths, liooked, dusky yellowish, with two slanting dusky streaks, curved, and thicker towards the edge ; second pair with a small streak. Rare. Locality unknown. CILIX (Lbacu). Trk Goosk Eoo (C. comprexsa, Lkach) appears in hedges In May and August. Wings of the male eleven-twelfths of an inch ; female one inch onc-twclfth ; snow white, with a shortish oval brown band, in which is a slender silvery letter-like mark ; the second pair white, with a dusky margin and paler fringe. Ca- terpill'tr dusky, with foiu- spines before and two behind, and a sharp tail. P«;ja brown before, blue behind. Common. Near London. PYRALIDM (Lkacu). HYPENA (SCHBANK). Tub Ssovt (H.probf)sridutis, OciisENnKiMER) "appears tlic end of June and beginning of August; common about hedges. Wings two inches ; first pair with an incurved streak before the middle, then a narrow oblique band in the ceuti'e, but often an- teriorly indeterminate, between tliis and the hinder margin are. panded streak, which does not reach the upper edge, but is often externally directed towards it by from three to six whitish dots, lastly, an oblique dusky line at the tip ; second pair dusky, all the fringes ashy-grey." Thk Pinion Snout (H. ohesalis, OciiSKNUKifliKR). "Very si- milar to, but distinct from, the foregoing, for it is smaller with longer palpi. Wings one inch one-sixth, acute, slightly retuse, ashy grey ; first pair with a black spot from the base to the mid- dle, but becoming thin towards the base. Very unfrequcnt.'* Tbk BoTTONKi) Snout (H.rostmlts, Ochsbnhkimkr) "appears the end of June, on hedges. Wings one inch one-sixth, acute, Gomewhat retuse, pale grey ; first pair from the base to the middle of a darker hue, with spots, and a line usually raised in the middle ; second pair dusky. Not common." TnBBKAuTiFULSNOUTCH.er(MSfl««,OcHSENnBiMER) "appears the beginning of June, amongst woods, in Kent. Wings one inch one-fourth, acute, slightly retuse, white ; first pair with a large pitch-black hatchet shaped patch, extending from the base to nearly the inner margin, between this and the hinder margin a slightly bent streak, composed of black dots, and a broad black line at the tip; second pair duaky. Very uncommon.*' 146 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. POLYPOGON (Schranb). The Cullender (/-*. cribratis, Stkphbns). The Common Fan-foot (/'. Imrbalts, Stephens) "appears the middle of May and beginning of July on hedges. Wings one inch one-fourth ; first pair more or less ashy-grey, with a streak unangulated on its outer edge before, and a very similar one behind the middle, between the latter and the hinder margin a third obli(|ue, all of a darker tint ; second pair behind the raiddic and towards the upper edge paler, with two indistinct darker streaks beyond the middle, and a very slender dark and common one on the hinder margin.*' The Clay Fan-poot iP.derivtitis, Stephens). "Wings one inch one-sixth, all reddish, a darker streak on the first pair, slightly incurved before, and another much incurved and com- mon behind tlie middle ; in all the wings a darker crescent in the middle, and a very slender sti-eak on the hinder margin ; antenna) bristle-shaped. Uncommon. Kent." The Fan-foot (P.tarsicrinalis, Stephens) "frequents woody places. Wings one inch one-sixth to one-fourth, dull reddish, the two anterior streaks of the first pair as in the preceding, but the second more waved, the third streak more rightly oblique towards the hinder margin i the second pau- pale dusky, with a darker posterior streak, whitish on the outer edge ; the male dif- fers greatly from the female, in having the fore legs singularly and thickly banded." The Small Fan-foot (P. nemorafe, Stephens). " Very simi- lar to the foregoing, but rather smaller. Wings one inch one- twelfth to one-sixth, with three streaks and a crescent brown, the posterior streak rather bent, and drawn to the tip. In woody places not common." The Olive Crescent (^P.emortualis, Stephens). "Wings one inch, dusky yellow, witli two streaks and a crescent in the mid- dle yellowish ; in figure, size, and colour, it resembles the Clay- Fan-foot (i*. derivatis)'' MADOPA (Stephens). The Lesser BELL(M.Sa(iOTKs, Stephens) "appears the miit- dle of June, and frequents plantations of bu-ch. Wings one inch eleven-twelfths, ashy-lead, with three oblique equally distributed streaks, the third waved and reaching to the tip, the second in a right direction, and dot waved; the crescent is absent. Very unfrequent." CLEDEOBIA (Stephens). The Small Snout (C. an/rustalis, Stephens) " appears the middle of July. Wings one ineli, dark tawny, with an oblique line at the tip of the first pair, with the upper edge prettily sprinkled through the band with numerous white dots turned outwardly, and disposed in pairs, a darker bond io the middle CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 147 oftentimes unsoHd towards the upper edge, with a common dusky spot ; second pair dusky, fring:es red, all the fringes darker. Cooaibe Wood." ThbWhitb link Snout (C.aWi.s/rig'a/M, Strphens). "Winga five-sixths of an inch, rather dusky, with a broad baod having ft dusky spot, and indistinctly terminated with white. Very uncomraou." TiiK RiB-STniPKU Snout (C. costa-strigaUs, Stephens). Thk Waved (C undulalis, Stephhns). Thb D0UBI.B-STRIPB0 iC. distrigatiSf Stephens). AGLOSSA (Latreille) The Tabby (Ag.phiguinalis, Latrrii.le) "appears the end of July. Wings one inch one-lialf, rather longish, ashy-grey, with ail oily plossiuess, with a spot at the base, and two contiguous wavy, brown streaks a little before the middle, and between these a paler coloiu" ; between these streaks and the hinder margrin a third streak wavy, brown, terminated by a paler colour, and rather double {du^Hex) in a certain position, and between the second and third m the middle of the wing, with the colour in some points of view darkei', and a common brown spot towards tlie second streak and the upper edge j second pair pale dusky, indistinctly clouded, doubly streaked behind the middle ; the fringes of all the wings brown. Not common," Near London. The Small Tabby {Ag. capreolatus, Stephens) "appears the cud of July. Wings five-sixths of an inch to one inch clcvcn- hvelfths; first pair rather narrow, bkmt, dark purplisli, but psUcr iu some positions towards the hinder margin, a wavy streak before the middle, and another repanded near the hinder margin, pale and indistinct; second pair duskyish or whitish." Near London. The Tea Tabby {Ag. rffmirfiaius, Stephens). Supposed to be British on doubtful authority. PYRALIS (Stephens). The Meal Moth (Pji/./armtt/ts, HObner) " appears the end of August. Wings one inch to one inch one-sixth, dusky brown, with a very broad wavy sea green band in the middle, margined on both sides with white ; second pair with two wavy white streaks in the middle, having a darker- coloured space between them ; on the hinder margin oftentimes an incomplete row of black spots, larger towards the posterior angle." Near London. The Scarce Meal Moth (Py. marginatus, Stephens). " Wings brownish, with two ))rown bands bordered with white, the fii'st towards the base, and tlie posterior marginal." The Double Striped (Py. j^-faKcma/i*, Stephens) "appears the beginning of August. Wings one inch, the streaks of the first pair yellowish and thicker towards the upper edge, the first 348 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. Situated before, and the second behind the middle ; l)cfrwecn tlic strcalts many yellowish small dots on tlie upper edge; the second pair with a somewhat incurved stieak before, and an- other waved behind the middle, both white ; on hedges. Not common." Near Loudon. AGROTERA (Schhank I). The Gold Frinok {A. contalis, Stbphbns) "appears the be- ginniuK of Jnlyon hedges, but not common. Wings two-thirds of an inch to three-fourths, all purplish i first pair with a large patch on the upper edge before, and another behind the mid- dle, trapcziform, and golrt-colourcd, from which, in certain positions, run two yellowish imperfect streaks, evanescent and very indistinct ; second pair with two very similar but more conspicuous streaks, the fringes very ample." Near London. ASOPIA (TBKITSCnKE.) TiiK Rosy Flounced (A. flumenlis, Sthphens) " appears the end of June, frequent in Coombe wood. Wings three-fourths of an inch, all piuiilish-grey, with two anterior streaks; second pair whitish, witli a band in the middle." Near London. SIMAETHIS (Leach). The Nettle Tap (.S'.FaAricinnn.STEpnENs) "frcfiuents banks and hedges. Wings half an inch ; first pair blackish, with a pan- of whitish distinct spots, body small." Near London. The Doublk-barrkb Nettle Tap (S. pnriVma, Stephens). " Wings five lines to five and a half, dusky, with two deep black streaks and a brown margin. Found in gardens." Near Lon. don. The Early Nretle Tap (S. Iitlosa, Stephens) " appears the beginning of March. Wings five-twelfths of an inch ; first pair dull brick red, or rather yellowisli, without spots, with a small number of black and white dots on the upper edge ; second pair pitch-coloured . Perhaps a mere spring or autumn variety of the preceding." Nciu- London. Mvr.LEn',s NETn.ETAP (S. Mi/llerana. Stephens) " appears in September. Wings five-twelfths of an inch, varied with black and ashy-grey, and dotted with silvery, with an ashy-brown margi- nal streak towards the hinder margin. Found on nettles, but not common." Near London. The Narrow Silver Dotted (S. pJtnphWBa, Stephens). " Wings fivosixths of an inch; first pair rather duskyand some- what wedge-shaped, obliquely cutatthetip, with some few very minute silvery dots. Perhaps a variety of the foregoing, for its wings arc narrower, with far fewer silvery spots. Very rare." ENNYCHIA (Trkitschke). The White Spot (B. octomaculala, Stephens) "appears the CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 149 end of May in woody places, ami apain in August. Wings five- sixths of an inch, all black on both surfaces, with a large round white patch before, and another behind the middle; and after- wards between these spots in the first pair a white dot, fringes black, but white at the tip towards the posterior angle. Not common." Near London. TiiK WAVY-BARRKn Sablb (E. nnfcuinuUs, Ocmssnubimbr). " Occurs about woods in chalky districts. Wings half an inch to seven-twelfths, all deep black, with a common wavy very wlvite and distinct streak rather behind the middle. Uncom- mon." Near London. TfiKSiLTKn-BAaRKDSABLB(W.einjrJ''rt(fl, Stephens). "Wings two-thirds of an inch, all black, with a very white, somewhat common but oblique streak, and situated rather behind the mid- dle J second pair brownish. Not frequent." Tub Fi.ouvcbd (E./a.sd«/iS, STKrnENS). "Wings two-thirds of an inch, ashy-red, with an oblique band at the base, a spot on the upper edge in the middle, and near the hinder margin a waved or fillet-like band, rod ; second pair reddish white, with a did! red border. Very rare." Near London. PYRAUSTA (ScHRANK). ThkCuimsov and Gold {P.purpuralis,0vB.Ti9) "appears the end of May, in woody places. Wings five-sixths of an inch, purple-red at the base, with two rhomboidal golden-red spots at the base, about the middle a waved oblique band composed of irregular somewhat confluent golden red spots, then towards the hinder margin a common regular order of golden red spots, which does not adjoin the margin ; second pair with a small line nearly to the middle, a very short band on the upper edge in the middle, und with an arched one behind the middle, golden wliite." Near London. Tmk Purplk an'ti Goi-d ( P. punicenlis, Curtis) " appears the end of May and bcf^inniuf:: of August, in woody places. Wings tTft'o-thirds of an imii to five-sixths, bright purple, or somewhat dusky, with two iuitcrior spots, and a spotted band in the mid- dle golden red. Perhaps a mere variety of the preceding." Near London. Thk Scarcb Puhple and Gold [P. ostiinalia^ Curtis). " Wings seven -twelfths of an inch ; first pair ashy at the base, with an oblique waved band in the middle of small irregular spots ; second pair half black, with a very minute spot near the base, and a baud rather behind the middle white, and behind this band a purple terminal one, which touches neither the inner margin nor the upper edge. Surrey," and near London. Thb Porphyry (P. Pophprialis, Strphrns) " appears the end of May, in woody places. Wings half an inch to tliree- lourths, piurplish, with a large golden red or white spot among 150 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. mauy very minuto ones j second pair blackish, with a band in the middle reddish pold or white. Found with the preceding, but unfrequeut." Near London. The Straw Barrbd {P. cespitalis, Curtis). "Wings seven- twelfths of iin inch; first pair blackish, with two spots in the middle bcncatli tlic upper edge, one under the other, the last squaie-shapud, beneath these and the hinder margin a continu- ous white slightly waved band, ^vhich is rather thick at the upper edge ; second pair black, with a band in the centre, and commonly a streak on the hinder margin whitish ; all the fringes brown. Not fretiuent." The Dinoy Straw Bar (P.sordidalis, Curtis). "Wings two- thirds of an inch, ashy-brown ; second pair with a band behind the middle, and a very slender streak towards the hinder margin whitish. A variety of the preceding, but without the whitish spots and bands on the first pair. Not common." Near London. HYDROCAMPA (Latrbillk). Tub Lettered China-mark {H.literali8,STKPiiE7i8). "Wing:s thrce-fouiths of an inch ; first pair brown, with a letter before the middle, a second angular and more conspicuous in the mid- dle, and a posterior streak white : before the streak, and towards the upper edge a small white line; second pair ashy-white at the base, with a white curved band in the middle, another re- panded towards the hinder margin, which almost readies the inner margin ; all the fringes alternately brown and white. Very rare." Near London. Tub Garden China-mark (H. Sambucata, Stephens) "ap- pears the end of June, on shrubs and in gardens. Wings eleven- twelfths of an inch, all brown, very much spotted with white; before a common repanded streak of white spots ; first pair with the tip ashy. Common." Near London, and in the county of Cork. The Large Cmn a-matik (H. Potamogata, Stephens) "ap- pears the end of July, about pools and ditches. Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-sixtb, all variously clouded with white, with dusky uniting repanded bands; fringes ash-coloured." Coimuou. Near London. The Beautiful China-mark (//. Nymphcsata, Stephens) ** appears in July, in the neighbourhood of lakes. Wings five- sixths of an inch to one inch ; all the wings and fringes very white, with various repanded unsolid somewhat dusky uniting bands. More uncommon than the former." Surrey and Kent Tbb Small China-mark {H. Lemnata, Stephens) "appears the middle of June, about ditches. Wings of the male two-thirds of an inch, female two-thirds of an inch to one inch ; furst pair in the male generally pure white, with a black spot in place of a stigma, hinder margin ash-coloured ; second pair snow white, clouded with black dots, with a short band in the middle of the CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 151 liinclcr marsrin, in which is a row of very briRht silvery spots. The female difrers from tlie male, is much larger, wings narrower and lonBer ; first pair reddish ash, with a very indistinct black snot 1 second pair more clouded, with more numerous silvery spots. Very abundant." Near London. Tub Ringed China-mark (H. StriiHotiUa, Stephens) "ap- pears the beginning of July, near lakes. Wings flve-sixtlis of an incli to eleven-twelfths, reddish-ash, with two repandcd brown streaks, having an interjacent white blind eyelet, with a brown iris ; second pair with a very strong waved streak, and part of anotlier in the middle." Near London. NYMPHULA (Schrank). Tub Rush Venekr (iV. Iii/hridalis, Scbbank) "appears in July. Wings one inch to one inch one-sL\th, narrow, greyish brown, witli two black trapcziform patches in the middle, one behind tlie otlier ; second pair very ample brown, spotless, with white fringes. Coombe Wood, Chelsea, Wisbeach," and near London. DIAPHANIA (Stephens). Tub Transparent China-mare (Z). lucemaUs, Stephens). " Wings five-sixths of an inch, translucent pearly white, with the upper edge of the first pair and all the hinder margin broadly Wackishi head and corselet black ; abdomen very white or silvery,^ with the posterior barb for tlie most part black. Very rare. Near London. BOTYS (Latbeii.i,e). The GAnnEN Pebble (JB./or/fcads, Latrkille) " appears tlic cud of May and end of July, in gardens. Wings one inch one- twelfth to one-sixth J first pair witli a streak drawn from the inner margin to the twin spot, which is in the place of the hin- der stigma, and about four streaks from the inner margin, confluent in the tip ; second pair whitish, with a strong, rather incurved, brown streak behind the middle, and a second very slender and black on the inner margin. Abundant " Near London. The Small Maopie(B. £7r(ica<0, Stephens) " appears the end of June, on nettles and in gardens. Wings one inch one twelfth to one-sixtli, long, white, with the upper edge at the base and the hinder margin ashy black, and a wavy dusky band towards the hinder margin, beyond which is a strong white common streak pectinated on the outer edge ; second pair white at the base i body black ; corselets, crown, margins of the segments, and posterior beard yellow. Abundant." Near London. MARGARITIA (Stephens). The Varieoatkd Fbakl [M. diversalU, Stephbns). Very loa CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. TiiB Lovo-wiNOBi) Pearl (il7. Inngdlis, Stephens) "appears til June, on banks. Wings one Inch one-fourth, loncish, aU ash. coloured, with a common wavy duskyish dilated streak, behind an indistinct and paler area in each wing." Near London. The MOTHKB OP Pearl {;!/. verticalis) Stephens) "appears in July, on nettles. Wings one inch one-third to one-half, all pale straw yellow, with three wavy dusky streaks. Abundant." Neat London. The Sulphur Veari, (M. palealis, Stephens). "Wings one inch one-twelfth to one-sixth, somewhat acute i llrst pairgrecnish sulpliur-yellow i second pair white, all the wing ribs dusky. Very rare in England." The Cbntkr-stkipe (M. centrosMgalis, Stephens). The Lesser Pearl (,M. limbulis, Stephens) "appears in July, about inclosures. Wings one inch one-sixth j first pair yellow, indistinctly clouded with whitish, with two darker hinder streaks ; second pair whitish, with two dusky streaks. Rather scarce." Near London. Toe ScarcbPearl (JI/.Aj/aKnalij, Stephens). "Wlngsstraw- yellow ; first pair with an incurved streak before, and a second ntow,STEPUEN.s) "appears the end of AugiSt in chalky districts. Wings six Unes one-hall to sevffl Cfs rush-red, yellow, slightly u.stiUated, with an angular snw- wlSe spot" the middle of the upper edge towanls the Up, Sprinkled with lead-colour ; second pair dusky." Near London, The ScHRKDERlArir (L. S^Arrtma^a, Stephens.) Upper winp grey, with a white triangular spot on the margin. Near London. AMPHISA, (CoBTis). The Pectinated {A. Gemingiana, Stephens.) The Walkebian (A. Walkeri, Curtis). DITULA (Stephens). , TkeNabbow-winoeu Rku-bab (.V. imfiaticirana, Stbpbito J CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. 159 " frequents shrubby places. Wings six to eight lines, narrow, oblonK. blunt, smoky brlek-red, with a patch at the base, and two oblique darker bands; second pair black." Near London. TheRound-tip, (Cra^andaM, Stephens). " Wings six lines, very bluntly rounded, smoke-coloured, with a patch at the base, and an oblique band in the middle brown ; the first pair have also an oblique hand towards the hinder margin, which is not brown, but dusky-burnt coloured j second pair deep black. Very unconmion." Near London. TrlB Bkioht Oni.lQUE DAnr (D. porphyriana, Stephbns). " Wing.s three-foiuths of an inch ; glaucous-ash, glossy, with three oblique dusky-brown bands, theuppcr edge variously spotted with ilnsky-brown; the second pair pitch-black. Uncommon." Near London. TnB Cloudbd Iron {D. nehulnnn^ Stephrns) "appears in July, in woods. A mere variety of the preceding, but of dissimilar colour. Wings three-fourths of an inch, slightly iron-grey, with three indistinct oblique darkerbaiids. Not very common. Kent," and near London. TiiB Red Bi.otch-back (B. sylmna, Stephens). "Wings two- thirds of an inch, brick-red, with indistinct streaks and hands, a common snow-white blotch in the centre ; the second pair dusky- red. Very unfrcqucnt." Near London. The BAiiREnUi.oTCH-BACKCD.Afswtana, Stephens). "Wings three-fourths of an inch, dull grey, having three oblique darker streaks, and a shortish one, with a common square snow-white patch in the middle of the inner margin j second pair dusky. Uncommon." Near London. The Ethiopian (D. JSthiopiana, Stephens). " Wings three-fourths of an inch, black ; first pair witli a few spots on the upper edge towards the hinder margin, and a short streak or patch on the posterior angle, the hinder margin itself and fringes pale red ; second pair dusky. Very uncommon." Near London. The Short-darreo White (C smplana, Stephens). "Wings eight lines one-half to nine lines, whitish, somewhat clouded, with a short black band in the middle of the upper edge, and the inner edge ash-coloured. Uncommon." Near London. The SnoRT-BARRBD Grev [D. semi/asciana, Stephens) " ap- pears the end of August, on hedges. Wings eight lines one- half, ash-coloiu-ed, and clouded with black ; the first pair having usually a short and somewhat dusky band at the base of the upper edge, and a second one very similar and broader in the middle of the upper edge, which do not reach the disc ; second pair dusky. Very uncommon." Kent. ANTITHESIA (Stephens). "NE Marbled LoNo-CLOAKfil.forficano, Stephens) "appears 160 CONSPFXTUS OP MOTUS. Uic end of May (—September, in woody places. Wings flvc. sixths of an inch ; first pair anteriorly varicil with white and black, and clouded, black in the middle, and posteriorly white i second pair dusky. Very unfrcquent." Near London. THKBincHLoNO-CLOAK (A. Beluletima, SrurnENs) "appcus the middle of Ausrost, on birch-trees. Winps threc-fourtlis to flve-sixtha of an inch, black, with deep clouds, and posteriorly white. Not abundant. Near Coombe Wood." The Common Lono-cioak (A. Mpunclana, Stephens) "ap. pears in summer, on hedges. Wings threc-fourtlis to five sixths of an inch, black, with deep clouds, and in(Ustiiict brown patches ; posteriorly white, slightly clouded with ashy. Vcrj' common." Near London. The LKSSBnLoNO-cioAK (.4. Primiana, Stephens) "appears in June > and occurs with the preceding, hut Is much lessabun. dant. Wings seven lines one-half, black, indistiactly clouded with deep black, ashy, and pitch-coloured, with a broad inter- rupted white band at the hinder margin, this band in the first pair is interrupted in the middle by a black patch, and at tlic upper edge with three conspicuous black spots ; second pair, dusky." Near London. The DiNOY Marbled M.paHnim, STEpnEN.s). "Wings half an inch, smoke-black, with a medial band, a d the hinder margin black ; second pair pitch-black. Very scarce." Tiis BoanEKKn Lono-cloae {A. margimma, Stephevs). " Wings six lines two-thirds ; first pair anteriorly obscure ash. coloured, towards the hinder margin with a pale yellow band, which has in the middle an ashy-grey patch, composed of from five to eight very close and minute black spots ; the second pair whitish, with a dusky margui. Very uncommon." Near London. The Narrow Lono-cloak {A. oUongima, Stephens). " Wings seven lines ; first pair oblongatc, black, anteriorly ob- scure ash-coloured, with a white band towards the postenor margin. Very imcommon." Near London. The Gentian (.A. Genlianaana, Stephens). " WMngs two- thirds of an inch, somewhat dusky, spotted with pitch-colour and black, posteriorly pale yellow dotted with black, with tlie hinder margin smoky ; second pair pale dusky yellow. Uncom- mon." Near London. The White Backed (A. Salicelta, Stephens) " appears the middle of August, and frequents wiUows, where the caterpillar is found. Wings five-sixths of an inch, sliut, half white on tlie back, with the upper edge black and clouded with deeper shsdw and pale sky-blue ; second pair black, or nearly jet-black. Near London. SPILONOTA (Stephens). The Cloudy White (S. nuliiferana, Stephens) " appears tbc CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 161 middle of June, on hedges. Wings eight lines and a half; first ,,air bone white, somewhat clouded with ashy-grey, having a broad black fillet reaching from the base to the middle j second pair dusky. Very unfreciucnt. Near London. Tub Black Cloaked (S. Cijmsbatella, Stepukns) " occurs in Hardens. Wings nine lines and a half; first pair bone white, Kith the base and hinder margin black; second pair dusky. Near London." The Brown Cloakeo (S. aqiuina, Stbphkns) "found in gar- dens. Wings nine lines and a half ; first pair ashy-white, with a band at the base, a posterior patch on the inner edge, and the lip dusky ; second pair dusky." Not conunon. Near London. Tub Triple Blocthko (S.(i'OTocu(an«, Stephens) "frequents liedges. Wings seven lines and a half; first pair dusky, some- what clouded with black, with two common whitish blotches, and a smaller interjacent one on the upper edge ; second pair dusky." Near London. The Whitepoot (S./anella, Stephens). " Wings nine lines totliirteen lines, dusky brown, posteriorly ash-coloured, with a large medial hook-shaped white band. Very uncommon. Near Wisbeach, Kent, and Norfolk." The Tawny Blotch-back (S. rristicana, Stephens) "appears tlic end of August, on hedges. Wings two-thirds of an inch, tawny-ash, clouded, with a common rhomboidal white spot in the middle, the upper edge with minute black lincleta, and three or four very minute black spots, disposed transversely in the middle of the liinder border ; second pair dusky, with whitish fringes. Not abundant." Near London. The Ppluoian (S. P/»«;r'a"". Stephens). " Wings ten lines tnd a half, dusky, clouded, with two white half bands, which are partly confluent in the inner margin ; second pair dusky and sinning. Very rare." Near London. The STRffiMiAN IS. Strtcmiima, Stephens). " Wings eight lines, dusky brick-red, with two whitish half bands, sometimes lingc'd with yellow on the inner margin ; second pair dusky and shining." Near London. The TnioEMlNiAN (S. Mgemimma, Stephens). Near Lon- don. TnB Brown Blotch-uack IS.sliclicana, Stephens) "appears in August (I) on hedges. Wings seven lines and a halT to nine lines and a half, dusky, clouded, with a white angular patch in the middle, and a second one terminal, ash-coloured on the inner margin, and with four or six white twin spots on the upper edge towards the hinder margin. Near London. The Lesser Blotch-back (S. costipunctatia, Stkphems). "Wings half an inch, varied with dusky and asli-colour, with the upper edge posteriorly white, with seven very close black spots, and a white patch in the middle of tlie inner margin. Very un- Norfolk." 162 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Square Blotch-dack (S. ttftragonana, Stspbbns) Near London. The Black. edord Marblb (S. nigncostana, Stephens). " Wings half an inch ; first pair obtuse, usually smoke black, with a large whitiah-ash patch in the middle of the back ; second pair black, with dusky fringes. Very rare." Near London. Tub Scorched BLUNT-wiNo(S.?«^u?ona, Stephens). "Wings five lines and a half, smoky, with a band, and the hinder margin burnt black, with two tawny spots on the upper edge ; second pair and all the fringes deep black." Norfolk and near London. The Cream Short Cloak (S. comiYnna, Stephens). "Wings seven lines, banded with whitish and black, with from three t» five close deep black minute lines towards the hinder margin. Common oa hedges." Near London. The BttOWN-BORnEKED (— . rforsana, Stephens) "appearathe beginning of spring, (March?) on oaks. Wings seven lines; first pair dusky, slightly clouded with ash-colour, with a com- mon very indistinct ashy central crescent, in which is an obscure dusky streak, the upper edge with numerous whitisii spots, fringes ashy ; second pair whitish, with a dusky border, and the fringes very white. Very unconmion." Near London. PSEUDOTOMIA (Stephens). The Obscure Silver Bar (P. obscurana, Stephens). Near London. The Grey Silver Bar (P. fmternana, Stephen Si) "appears in April, (?) on hedges. Wings half an inch j first pair rather lon^' and grey, with an indistinct silvery ashy band before, and a second oblique behind the middle." Near London. The Black Border (P. atromargana, Stephens) "appears the beginning of June, (?) on oaks. Wings five lines to six lines and a half, ash-coloured, clouded with dusky, with a common white patch, and indistinct somewhat silvery streaks. Not abundant." Near London. The Light Silver Stripe (P. Strobilella, Stephens) "appeare the beginning of May. Wings four lines to five lines ; first pair with an indistinct broad silvery streak towards the anterior margin, a second more conspicuous in the middle, and a thiril interrupted towards the hinder margin ; in the middle of the last streak is a spot, or cross black line, then two or three very minute marginal black spots towards the posterior angle." Near London. The Silver Blotch Back (P. sequana, Stephens) "appears the beginning of May, (?) on hedges. Wings four lines and a half; first pair with very short white streaks posteriorly on the upper edge, and other angular cross silvery and yellow streaks, tlu-ee very minute black spots also arranged crosswise on the CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 163 binder marffin towards the posterior angle, and a large common silvery patch in the middle of the inner margin ; second pair pitch blacli. Very rare." Near London. TiibPktivbrian (P.Pctiverella.STKruKris). "Wings five lines and a half to six lines, dark tawny, with a common patch in the middle of a pale golden hue, and strongly crescent-shaped ; the upper edge posteriorly streaked with lead. colour and golden ■, the fringes lead-coloured and shining. Not very common." Near London. TnB Trimmer (P. ctmcinnana. Stephens). Verj- rare. The Plain Silver Frinok (P. simpliciana, Stephens). "Wings seven lines, blunt, pale dusky, with shortish streaks on llie upper edge towards the posterior margin, three very minute cross black marginal spots towards the posterior angle • second pair dusky i the fringes of all of a bright silvery tint In certain (lositions." Near London. The Jacqvinian (P. Jac?«im'ana, Stephens). "Wingsseven lines, tawny, with a common patch in the centre, of a deep gol- den tint and crescent form ; the upper edge with tawny streaks towards the hinder margin. Not abundant." Near London. The Plain GoLD-PRmoKn (P. sirigana, Stephens). "Wings sa lines to six lines and a half, somewhat retuse, tawny, witli very short rust-red and silvery streaks on the upper edge to wards the hinder margin, and the fringes of a brilliant gold- colour in certain positions." Near London. The Pubple Black (P. atroimrimrma, Stephens). " Wings live lines and a half j first pair of a bright punilish black, with thcfrmgcs white, and of a splendid silvery tint in a certain iiglit- second pair dusky, with the upper edge snow white, hut towards tlic tip the snow white colour appears sensibly tarnished." Very rare. Near London. TubBlace Stripe Eoc-e [P. nigricana, Stephens) appears the end of August, on hedges. Wings six lines and a half, Slossy and pitch black ; first pair witll numerous oblique white and black streaks prettily disposed on the upper edge, and par- bculariy behind the middle; in the middle of the hinder border are two or three contiguous deep black small lines in a row, all of which at intervals reflect a golden tint in certain directions oUighti second pair rather daiker; all the fringes pale, shining, and iisuaUy silvery when viewed in particular positions. TnB Pale Brown Stripe EnoE (P. proximnno, Stephens) Wings half an inch, all pale dusky or ash-coloured and glossy • nrst pair, in some lights, rather indistinctly thigcd with gold with Hie upper edge very finely streaked with white tawnyish: second rather darker. Very rare." Near London. The Spotted Ebge {P puncticoatana, Stephens. Near Lon- Tiis Traunian (P.Trauniano, Stephens). " Wings six lines M 2 Ib4 CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. and a half, all deep black ; first pair with a common spheroidal patch in the middle, and with six oblique yellow-white streaks on the upper edge towards the hinder margin. Very uncom. mon." Near London. Thk Piomy Y. (J*, populnna, Stephens) " appears in Septem. her, on nettles. Wings four lines to six lines, all deeply black, with the upper edge posteriorly dotted with golden, deep-blacV, and very pure white; with a white Greek Lambda (A) in the middle of the inner edge. Far from common." Near London. The TaiANGLB (P. trigonana, Stephens). Near London. Thk Lehian (F. Lf(/ujn», Stephens). " Wings four lines one- half to five lines one-half, very obtuse, purplish black, and indis- tinctly clouded with dusky. Not common.** Near London. The Companion (i*. comitana, Stephens). Near London. The Gundian (P Gwnrfmna, Stephens). "Wings three. fourths of on inch, pitch-black, with streaks on the upper edge towards the hinder margin, and a common triple-striped patch in the middle, all silvery ; second pair deep black.*' Mr. Hawortti doubts that this is a mere sexual difference of P. coviposileUa, from which it differs oidy in the colour of the second pair of wings. The TniPtE Stripe Blotch-dack (P. compnsitclla, Stb phens) " appears the end of May {() on oaks. Wings tluee Imcs and a half to four lines and a half, black, with three pretty dusky streaks on the upper edge towards the hinder margin, and a silvery triple-striped patch in the middle ; second pair snowy- white, posteriorly black. Not common.*' Near London. The Sincle-stbipe Bi.otch-back (P. darsana, StephensI " Wings one-third of an inch ; first pau- pitch-black, with fibliqiie black and silvery streaks on the upper edge towards the hinder margm; a silvery spot on the margin itself; in the middle of the inner edge a somewhat oblique square oblong silvery patcli in which is a prettyish black stripe ; second pair white, posteri- orly dusky. Very imcommon." Near London. TueDoubleOranoe Spot, (P. aarann, Stephens) "frequents flowers. Wings five lines and a half, all black ; first pair witli a common obtuse crescent in the middle, and a large round patcli in the middle of the hinder margin, golden orange. Uncom- mon." Near London. The Dark Silver Stripe (P. nitidana, Stephens) " appears the beginning of May, on hedges. Wings one-third of an inch, all black ; first pair with a central silvery-ashy bandlet, in wliicli is a very slender dusky stripe, and with very short black and silvery luies on the upper edge towards the hinder inarpn i second pair deep black. Not common.'* Near London. STEGANOPTYCHA (Stephens). The SgvARE-SARRED SINGLE Dot (S. tetraquetrana, Sn- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 165 piiKNs) "appears insprinKamongstfurze. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch, Kcey, witli a rliomboitlal baud at tlie base, and poste- rior spot towards tlic inner margin, dusky i second pair pale duslty, darlier at the tip. " Near London. Tub Marbi.bw Sinolk Dot (S. unipunctana, Stbpiikns) "found witlitlic foregoing. Wings six lines to seven and a half lines, ashy-grey, clouded, witli a rhomboidal band at the base, and a posterior dot towards the upper edge dusky; second pair dusky." Near London. Tny ANOLB-BARRKn Sinolk Dot (S. triquetrana, SthphkN's) "has haunts similar to the preceding. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch, grey, with a triangular dusky-ashy band at the base, and a dusky posterior dot towards tlie inner edge : second pair brown or dusky." Near London. Tub Anoi.b-stbipkd Sinolk Dot (S. img^ditnn, Stephens). " Wings seven-twelfths of an inch, reddish, with numerous some- what rectangular darker evanescent streaks beliind the middle, a sUghtly waved, obscure, brown-clouded band at the base, and a brown dot towards the posterior angle ; second pair pale dusky. Not common." Near London. Tub BiEBKRiAN (S. Bxberuna, STBpnENs). " Wings seven- twelfths of an inch, ash-colourcd, with a large common spear- shaped black streak, reaching from the base to behmd the mid- dle. Not common." Near London. TnBBioTcn-BACKEn Grby (L. Rubiana, Stephens) " appears in August in woody places. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch -, first pair ash-coloured, minutely clouded with black, with the upper edge striped with black and white ; the tip with a round ustulatedspoti in the middle a common red somewhat oval- shaped patch, with a black border; second pair dusky. Not common." Near London. The Pointed Bar (S. cuspidana, Stephens). " Wings one-half of an inch ; first pair red in the middle, with a large and rather indistinct spear-like band at the base, which is black at Oie point, the hinder margin with a broad ash .black border." Supposed by Haworth to be a mere variety. Near London. The Spotted Red {S. Miclanu, Stephens). " Wings half an inch , first pair red, with small scattered black clouds or blotches; second pair dusky. Probably a mere vancty. Not common." Near London. Thb Square Bar (S. rhomhifasniima, Stephens). Closely aUled to the foregoing, with wliich it is found. " Winpi seven- twelfths of an inch, ash-coloured, clouded posteriorly with black, with a black trapcziform band at the base, and a reddish spot in the middle of the inner edge, as in S. Rubiana; second pair dusky." Near London. The Mottled Grev (S. clnemna, Stephens). "Very similar to the preceding, but scarcely a variety. Appears the end of August, in woody places. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch ; first 166 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. pair ashy, marbled with brown, towards the hinder margin aa mdistinctly blind and somewhat silver eyelet, having a brovm iris ; second pair dusky. Very rare." Near London. ANCHYLOPERA (Stephens). The Variable Red (/I. retumna, Stephens). " Wings si.\ lines and a half, rctusc, red, with a common ash-coloured spot in the middle, the upper edge obliquely streaked with white. Com- moniu woody places." Near London. TuE Reu Hook-tip (A. suliuncana, Stephens). " Wings six lines and a half, somewhat tailed, red, with a darker straight half, band at the base of the inner edge, and margined posteriorly with white. I'"requents woody places." Near London. The Blunt-winoed Bi.otch-back (A. oUusana, Stephbus) Wings five lines and a half, obtuse, red, with an irregular ashy band, bordered with white running wavingly from the back to the posterior angle ; the upper edge of the first pair nnmerouslv striated with white and red, with a red spot edged with white and red, with a red spot edged with white at the tip. In woods " Near London. The HooK-TipBLOTCH-BACKCvl.ttMeMYnna, Stephens). "Wines seven lines and a half, tailed, ash-coloured, with a large common burnt-red patch at the base, and another red posteriorly on the upper edge, slightly girdled with white. Woods." Near London. The Lundian (A. Lundana, Stephens), " Wings seven lines, tailed, pale, posteriorly tawny, with a rectangular golden streak towards the anal angle, behind which are various, very short, obHque, somewhat silvery sti-eaks on the upper edge, vrith a very large common somewhat burnt-coloured chestnut brown patch towards the middle of the base ; second pair dusky. In woods " Not common. Near London. The Broebn-bar (/I. fractifaaciana, Stephens). " Wings yellowish, with two interrupted dusky-brown bands, and a row of brownish spots towards the hinder margin. Uncommon." Near London. The Hook-tipped Streak (,A. ticulann, Stephens). Wings seven lines and ahalf,havinghook-shaped tails, ashy-red; the first pair with a white streak at the base, nearly to the tip, and another in the middle, dusky, interrupted, to the tip, edged with numerous oblique dark lines ; second paur pale dusky. Uncommon." Near London. The Festoon PioMV (A. diminutann, Stephens). "Wings half an inch ■, first pair somewhat tailed, red, with a broad waved ashy flUet through all the inner margin, which lillet is separated from the red part by a distinct waved whitish streak ; second pair ashy-brown. Uncommon." Near London. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. Iti7 TilK BniDOE(yl.«)ienna, Stephens). " Wings two-thirds of an inch 1 Brst pair tailed, brown, with the upper edge strealied pos- teriorly with white, and the tip longish, acute, and rather re- curved 1 in the middle of the thinner margin, an arch, or large hemispherical patch, ash-coloured, and a second at the posterior aDgle almost confluent with the former; second pair pale dusky. Uncommon." Near London. Thk Double Aacn {A. biarcuann^ Stephens). Very rare. PHOXOPTERIS (Treitsciikb). The Hooked MAn»i,E {Ph. harpana, CuBTi.f). " Wings two- tliirds of an inch, somewhat acutely tailed, white, slightly clouded with black, with the back half black and half ash-coloured. Uncommon in hedges." Near London. The Beautikui. Marble (P/i.mgTomacK/ana, Curtis). "Wings half an inch; first pair snow-white, ashy at the tips, with various minute black dots on the upper edge, a small black patch before, and another behind the middle ; two large black patches on the iimer margin, the first angular before the middle, and, as it were, two-fold, the other larger and almost at the posterior angle acutely conical ; second pair deep brown. Very uncom- mon." Near London. The Snow Suort-cloak (PA. Titsvana, Curtis). Near Lon- don. The Write Short-cloak (Ph. sociana, Curtis). "Wings seven-twelfths of an inch, with white and black bands, the tip itself brown, with a round spot, the forehead and tips of the palpi snowy-white. Frequentsshrubberies. Unfrequent." Near London. The Marblbu Short-cloak (Ph. incamuna, Curtis) "ap- pears in September, on heaths. Wings five lines one-half, varie- gated with white, black, and ashy, with a distinct black spot towards the liindcr margin, before a small waved ashy blotch." The Patkullian (Ph. Payknlliana, Curtis) "appears the end of March. Wings half an inch, hoary-white, clouded with ash-eolour, black at the base, with a very slender black cross line or blotch on the hinder part of the wings towards the tip. Rare. Daienth Wood." The Double Crescent (Ph. sesquilunana, Curtis). " Wings half an inch; white, clouded, and witli black lines, with a brown spot at the tip, common black crescent, and another brown ; second pair dusky. Common on beech." Near London. The Retuse Marble (Ph. mbocellana, Curtis) "appearsthe beginning of July, about hedges. Wings five inches and a half; retuse, whitish, ashy at the base, posteriorly with a lead-coloured patch, girdled with black, in an ashy band, the upper edge black, obliquely lincated, tip with a brown spot edged with black ; second pair dusky, with the fringes silky whitish." Near London. 168 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. TheObtuse Marble (PA. Asseclana, Curtis). "Wings tve lines and a half, obtuse, wliitisli, posteriorly brown, with a some- what silvery eye-like patch ; all the marf^in ash-coloured, the tip with a round pitchy spot. Unfrequent." Near London. The Mittkrdachian (PA. Mitterbacheriima) "appears io summer, on hedges. Wings six lines and a half to seven lines, brick-red, clouded, with whitish streaks on the upper edge, and a rectangrular band. Very abundant." Near Loudon. SEMASIA (Stephens). The Codling (i. Pomonella, Stephens) "appears the middle of June, common in gardens. Wings three-fourths of an inch . first pair browuish ash, with dark and very Indistinct streaks, and a large somewhat blind eyelet towards the hinder margii], nearly at the anal angle, having a brighter iris, and being of a golden-red ; second pair black, darker at the tip." Near London. The Smoky Marble (S. grossana, Stephens). "Wings eight lines and a half, smoky-ash, with an oblique ashy-white band in the middle, before the black obscure blotch at the posterior angle ; second pair with brown fringes. Very uncommon." Near London. The W(ebbriax (S. Wteberiana, Stephens) " appears in sum. mer, about hedges and gardens. Wings six lines one-half to eight lines ; first pair very beautiful, obliquely streaked wl^h golden, silvery, and tawny, vrith a somewhat eye-like patch at the posterior angle, indistinctly bordered with golden, and marked with lines instead of a pupil, with the fringes goW- coloiu-ed in certain positions ; second pair pitch-black. Com- mon." Near Loudon. The Rhekdian (S. Bhcsdiella, Stephens). " Wings half an inch ; first pair from the base behind the middle semi-brown, posteriorly with four dift'erent gold-coloured streaks ; second pair dusky, posteriorly yellowish. Par from common." Near London. The Light Stripeh Edge (S./nnwoJana, Stephen.s) "appears in spring. Wings one half to seven -twelfths of an inch, pale ash.coloured, with the upper edge streaked with white and yel- low, with a somewhat eyc-likc silvery patch towards the hinder margin. Common." Near London. The Yellow Striped Edge (S. Bypcricana, Stephens). " Wings half an inch, tawny-ycUow, with darker and paler streaks on the upper edge, and a somewhat eye-like patch towards the posterior angle; second pair darker. Very unfte- quent." Near London. The Beautiful Crescent (S. perlepidnna, Stephens) " ap- pears in spring, on hedges. Wings five lines one-half ; first pair varied with yellow and brown, the upper edge prettily streaked CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 169 with brown and silvery, a somewhat silvery crescent on the back (of the wings), including between its horns a brown patch, fringes in certain lights very piossy and gold-coloured ; second pair dusky." Very rare. Near London. The Wormwood Evbi.bt {S.pupUlana, Stbphbns). "Wings seven lines one-half J first pair whitish, ashy at the base, with an oblique band before, and a second behind the middle, and towards the posterior angle an indistinct eye-like patch, and from one to three spots on the tip of a somewhat olive colour, second pair dusky j all the fringes white." The FuLvous-SEALKn {S.fulvana, Stephens). "Wings five" sixths of an inch ; first pair slightly ta\vny, with numerous oblique short, whitish, and tawny streaks on the upper edge, the tip acute, near the posterior angle an eye-like patch, hav- ing an interrupted silvery iris, with about three interrupted black lines in the place of pupils ; second pair darker. Occurs in meadows. Very uncommon." Near London. Thk HoAiiy Srai.bd (S. «ana, Stbphkns) " appears in sum- mer, is very similar to the preceding, but differs in colours ; wiDg? three-fourths of an inch, hoary, slightly clouded with tawny, the spots on the upper edge are more silvery, the cye- likc patch towards the posterior angle more silvery and uninter- nipted, with three less interrupted pupillary lines ; second pair dusky. Found in meadows, and more abundant." Near London. The Scopoman (S. Scopoliana, Stephens). " Wings seven- t^-elfths to two-thirds of an inch, brovmisb-red, with a common ashy patch in the middle, and another more obscure at the pos- terior angle. Near London. Thk Rufous AacH (S. rufana, Stephens). CARPOCAPSA (Treitschke). THcAacHED (C arcuuna, Curtis). " Wings seven-twelfths of an inch, yellow, witii three arched bands, a black three-cornered patch, and two small lines silvery. Uncommon." Near London. APHELIA (Stephens). The Dusty Drab (vi.e/fertuna, Stephens). " Wings seven line* and a half ; first pair dull reddish, posteriorly, with very few mi- nute brown dots ; second pair duskyish-white. Very unfrequent." Near London. The SpoTTKn Drab (A.pauperana.STEPitBNs). "Wings seven inches and a-half; first pair obliquely abrupt, dullish-red, with brown dots. Occurs amongst bulrushes." Near London. The Lesser Drab (A. figf^stana, Stephens). " Found with the preceding, to whicli it has great resemblance, but its an- tciinEC arc shorter and more slender j wings sevcu-twelftlis of an 170 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS, Inch ; first pair reddish, obliquely abrupt, without spots, and tlie hinder margin blackish ; second pair dusky, with rcddlsh-white frinfj^es. The difference between this and the preceding is per- haps only scxuelI.** Near London. THKBROAD-sTRBAKEnDriAH (^. p/rtjf«nfl, Stkpiikns) "Winga seven lines and a-half ; first pair red, somewhat obliquely abrupt, with a very broad complete blackish patch, which nearly occu- pies a third part of the wing; second pair dusky, with paler streaks. Palpi larj?e, and very liairy." Near London. Tiiu Pai.e Dbab(-4. expallidana, Stkphens). " Winps half an inch, pale, lucent, with a tinge of yellow towards the upper edge of the first pair. Pitlpi more curved downwards. Very uncommon." Near London. CNEPHASIA (Curtis). The Dotted Drab (C f/«Mdr(/>««(?. liturella, Stephens). " Wings two-thirds of an inch ; first pair of a dull or ashy pur])le, with a pale, straight, and slender band in the middle near the base ; second pair pale brown. Very raie." Near London. Blunt's Flat Body (D. B/unlii, Curtis). Tub C0M.M0N Flat Body (I), npplana, Haworth) " appears the end of August, and frequents gardens and hedges. Wings Uuee-fourths to five.sixths of an Inch, depressed and brown, with tircc white spots in the centre. Variable." Near Loudon. The Curve Dotted {D, ctirvipunctosa, Stephens) " appears the beginning of March. Very similar to the preceding, but smaller. Wings seven-twelfths to two-thirds of an inch, grey somewhat sprinkled \vltli brown dots, witli a minute black line' carved in the middle, and interrupted. In good specimens the head, corselet, and base of the first pair of wings are whitish or pale. Frequents hedges. Far from common." Near London. TnERuFousBniNDLED(D.a(4i/)iin(;. acellana, Stkpuens) " appears in spring. Wings nine lines one-half; first pair ashy-coloured, with acen. tral, oblonp, blood-red blotch, in the hinder part of which is a small white dot, the hinder margin dotted with black; second pair whitish. Very rare. Near Chelsea." The Brindlkd Straw (D. nilvelta, STEpnuNs). "Wuibs nine lines to nine lines one-half, reddish-white, with a black patch, and spots in the middle of the same colour. VariaUe," Near London. The Divoy Straw (D. costann, Hawobth. "Wings two- thirds of an inch, red, with a large, oblong, brown patch in tlie centre, reactiing to the upper edge, with the fringes rosy. Un- frequent. Near London." The Spbinklbd Stbaw (I>. in-orella, Stephens). Neu London. The THisTtE Stbaw (D. carduella, Stephens). The Vowdkrku Straw (D. a(o?nd(n, Stephens). "Winfe eight lines one-half; first pair reddish, witii numerous mUiutc blacli and rosy scattered dots ; second pair white. Uncommon. Near London." Thk Spabmannian Straw (D. Sparmanniana, Stephens] " frctiuents meadows ; body pale. Wings nine lines one-half, flat and all pale ; first pair rather darker, with two small distinct unapproximating black riots on the disc; the hinder margin clotted with black ; second pair without spots." Near London. The Spotless Straw (D. immaculanut Stephens). Yeates's Straw (/J. Vatesana, Stephens). " Wings eight lines one-half, first pair grey, with a black central patcli, and two black dots, obliquely placed, and appro.\imating ; four or Bve black spots on the hinder margin; body ash-grey; antenniB black. Uncommon. Near London." Alstb/bmer's Straw (D. Alstrameriana, Stephens) "ap- pears in spring, and towards the end of August. Wings two- thirds of an inch, whitish ; first pair in tlie middle, towards the side margin, with a brown patch iron brown on the inner edge; at the hinder margin with lilack furrow-like streaks, and the margin itself dotted with black ; second pair ashy- white ; beneath dull whitish. Common about hedges. Near London." The Lesser Purple (I>. purpurea, Curtis) " appears io spring. Wings half an inch, first pair purplish-red, with the upper edge brownish, thickly sprinkled with rose-red, rad having a large brown patch in the middle, indistinctly marbled on both sides with pale ; second pair brown. Not common. Near London." ANACAMPSIS (Curtis). The Juniper (A. Juniperella, Stephens) " frequents poplatt. CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. 189 Wings seven-twelfths of an inch; first pair ash-prey, with four black spots, disposal without order, posteriorly with a white TOved streak; the hinder margin with black dots; second pair wlutish. Common." Near London. Tiis Poplar (,A. Populclla, Stephens). " Found with the preccdmg, to which It has greatresemblauce, but is smaller The antennie short. Wings seven-twemhs of .on inch to two-thirds. «nl pair ashy clouded with dusky and black ; second pair lead- colouied ; the hinder shanks of the legs yellowish. More scarce than tlie preceding." Near London. Tub Cark Blown U. rusticella, Stkphkns). " Wings seven lines one- half to eight lines, narrow, deep brown, without spots, and roundish at the tip. Frequents gardens. More scarce than lie foregoing." Near Loudon. <">.<; inou Ci/BTis's Long Hobn (A. longicornis, Curtis). Lister's (A Listerella, Stephens). " Wings seven-twelfths of an inch, first pair pale-brown, with three or four rather darker evanescent scattered dots in the middle, and an evanes. ccntstreak of somewhat dusky dots on the margin; the fore legs and antennie ringed with white; frequents gardens." Near London. The poTTKD Brown (A. nebulm, Curtis) occurs in gardens. Very similar to the foregoing, of which it is probably a mere variety. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch ; first pair dotted and clouded witli brown, with some indistinct dots on the upper tdgc, which are wanting in the preceding. TuE Birch {A. Betulea, Curtis). Wings seven lines one-half Sln""'";';';^""^'^' '"^ «■■■''* pair sUghtly clouded "*th brown, and between the brown clouds oftentimes other clouds Ola wlutish appearance, minute, and longitudinally disposed l.ngthw,se m Sie middle of the wing, as an indistinct and very much interrupted streak. ' Tub Black Speckled Grey (A. rhomliella, Stephens). Wings wcn-t^vclfths of an inch ; first pair ashy, clouded with black. mUi adeep black line on the base of the upper edge, and a browi! one but smaller, behind the middle of the upper edge , some wack lines or dots on the disc, and longitudinaUy disposed in tlie loimolaline. Uncommon. Near Loudon. Tub Asii Grbv {A. cinmll,,, Stephens) occurs in gardens, wings two-thirds of an inch to three-fourths, ashy-browu. with. XhT •,"'"' ™""'^.S'"^^5'' ^ the body ashy-grey, the palpi Mub-sliapcil, rccui-vatc, and horned with bristly tips. Cam- tadgcshire, and near London. thJ?/«t^rr'""^I""'* [^- ««*"««-«a. Curtis). Very similar to «c last, but smaller and paler. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch, M y-brown, and without marks ; the first pair narrower, and rounder at the tip. Occurs in gardens. Near London. Tue Clay-coloured (.1. lularea, Curtis). Wings seven. 190 CONSPECTUS 01- MOTHS. Uvclftlis of an inch to two-thirds -, first pair pale reddish, with very few ash-grrcy dots, and in tlie middle two or three darker evanescent indistinct contiguous dusky dots. The Small Black-spbcked Grby (A. dodecella, Stbpub.vs). Wings five lines one-half to sL\ lines; first pair pale reddish, with small dots disposed along the '-■ Tub White-dotted Black U- guttifera, Curtis). Wings live hues to five lines and a-half ,• first pafr black, with two smSl ihJmiS "S'^f'M"' ^^^^ """"• '"=f°''"=- and two others behind, the middle. Norfolk, and near London. The Little Black (/I. atm, Curtis) occurs on hedscs inp live-twelfths to half an inch, first pair deep blacS;see!nd PUT black i liead white. Variable. > ""-wim The Short-barred White (A. macuklla, Stephens). Wings nal an mcli ; first pair whitish, slightly sprinkled with dusky. TOi a short, anterior, oblique, deep black band, that runs from he upper edge towards the thinner margin, but IncUning for- "■ards. Frequents hedges. Rather rare. Near London. TiiK IIoHSK-snoE [A. Tremella, Stephens). Wings (ive- whh'.M^?" '"I'! ',"■■" P"'' snowy-white, or sometimes wh h h, with a large black patch from the base to the middle, Sfi ' T''2 "'^ "^"83 are shut, resembles a horse-shoe. In "lUky distncts. Kent, and near London. «vI"if„°'"*'"l"T'"' ^'"■'" ('*• "'■'"'"''. Stephens). Wings ivehnes and a half; first pair snowy-white, witli an oblong 192 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. marginal at the base, black patch ; in the middle an oblique and black band, and towards the tip a small marginal blaek spotj second pair ash grey. lu hedges. Not abundant. Thk Black Clouded {A. aleela, Stkphkns). Wings five- twelfths to half an inch ; first pair white, strongly clouded with blaek. Occurs about hedges. Variable. Near London. Thk Brown Strkak (A. intcmiptella, Stephkns). Wings ftve-twelfths of an inch ; first pair pale, or rather ashy, with a broad brown band, reaching from the base to the tip. Very rare. Near Loudon. Tub Tawnv (A. fuhescens, Curtis). Wings fivc-twelftht of an inch ; first pair somewhat tawny, or pale yellowish, sprinkled with very minute brown dots or clouds ; second pair dark lead- colour and glossy. Thk Faint-ijotted Brown (A. fnscescens, Cvnris). Wings four lines and a halfj first pair brownish-grey, darker at tlie base and posteriorly, with about three indistinct brown dots in the middle. The Black Spotted White (A. nlternetla, Stephens}. Wings sLx lines one-half ; first pair snowy- wlute, with one or two black spots at the base, then a rather oblique band, then a spot on the upper edge rather before the middle ; tlien two oppo- site spots, one on the upper edge, the other on the thinner mar- gin, with anotherspot near tlie hinder margin before various deep black dots; second pair dusky, lead-coloured, and shining, with paler fringes. Very unfrcquent. Near London. The Black Spotted Brimstone (^4. angustella, SrEpHErjs), Wings five lines ono-half to six lines ; first pair of a bright sulphur yellow, spotted with deep black, and the upper edge faintly with deep black ; the fonn of the spots variable. Rather rare near London. The White-spotted Black (A. albimaculea, Stephen's). Wings five lines one-half; first pair deep black, vrith an anterior white band, which does not quite reach the upper edge; a second band in the middle, which is slightly interrupted, and two somewhat opposite posterior white spots, one on the upper edge, and the other on the thinner margin. Perhaps a variet>'Of the preceding. Very uncommon. Near London. The Four-spotted {A. quadripuncta, Stephens). Wings half an inch ; first pair narrow deep black, with an indistinct yellowish spot near the base, another conspicuous and wav7 across in the middle, and two opposite dots towards the hinder margin, one of which is on the upper edge, and the other near the thinner edge ; second pair whitish, with the fringes darker. Very uncommon. Near I^ndon. LOPHONOTUS (Stephens). The Minute Bundle {L.fascicukllm, Stephens). CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 193 Uovovan's (— . emarginella, Stephens). CHELAKIA fHAWOKTii). The Lobster-clawed (C. rlwmboidella, Stephens). Wings seven lines to seven lines and ahalf, all somewhat lance-shaped ; flrstpair asli-coloured, with small black spots, and a large three- cornered central one on the upper edge, with a black line nearly reaching to the binder margin j second pair brownish, glossy, without spots, and with broad fringes. Uncommon. Near London. RECURVARIA (HAWOttTH). Tics DiNov Straw (ii. Silacella, Stephens !). Wings seven- twelfths Of an inch to three-fourths, yellowisli-ash, with two very minute dusky dots. Uncommon. Near London. The Dwarp Wainscot (R. ru/escaui, Stephens;). Wings seven lines and a half i first pair shorter than in the preceding, and more blunt, of a uniform reddish colour, and without spots; second pair of a brownish white, with the fringes yellowish. Very rare. Near London. The Clouded Straw (B. nebuletla, Stephens J). Near Lon- don. The Lucid Straw (R. lucidella, Stephens >). Near London. The Hook-tipped (R. falcifornm, Hawohth.) Wings hall an inch ; first pair hook-tipped, ashy or greyish, with irregular, dusky, confluent lines or stripes on the disc, the fringes burnt- brown 1 second pair of a dull lead-colour, and shining. Very Near London. The Tinted (— . tinctella, Stephens). Near London. The Tinted Grey ( — . cinrvella, Stephens). Near London. The Brown-oold ( — . unitellat Stephens). Occurs on hedges. Wings live lines and a half to six lines, sliining, snufT-brown, and without spots ; second pair black j the head of a waxy yel- low; palpi awl-shaped, and recurved. Not uncommon. Near London. MACROCIIILA (Stephens). The Lono-winued (M. fmciella, Stephens). Wings flve- sixtlis of an inch ; first pair red, with two darker indistinct bands, having an interjacent brown spot, the fii'st nearly in the middle, and the second almost rectangular on the outer edge, and lying towards the hinder mai-gin ; second pair forked ; an- tennje longer than the body ; palpi of the male very large, and those of the female smaller. Very uncommon. Near London. The Parenthesis (HI, parenthesctla, Stephens). Wings 194 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. two-thiids of an inch, convolute around the body, narrow, brick- red, each with a wliite longitudinal line running from the base to the middle; second pair dusky; legs all the length of its body, and palpi wliite. Found in gardens. Near London. The Whitb Bordered (.M. marginella, STKpnKNS) " appears in summer, on juniper trees. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch; first pair brown, shining, with Ihe inner and outer margin snow- white ( second pair of a whitish colour, and without spots ; palpi clumsy, forked, internally snow-white, and externally brown." Near London. The LiOHT Streak (M. Iiicostella, Stephens) appearsjn summer, on chalky hills. Palpi long and brown; antenna: shorter than the length of half the body. Wings nine lines and a half, whitish, with a rather broad, longitudinal, dusky line at the outer margin, the margin parallel to the line snowy-white, two or tlnee very minute black dots near the brown line on the disc. Near London. The Awxed (M. arisMla, Stephk,vs). Doubtful as British. The DlNov .Stukak i .if, ,,nh„.ll„, sti.i>hp.-v<). Wings six lines and a li;ill ni i p:ui l,, ,.-.,, ..,]; r .pf" s^nldon, with very minute -. ' ...•.■• i ,., , , ,, :,,ri bl:ifk t\riii-s|)nt before, and a .11 ,1:1 , ;i , : , :,ji,,,, liir iniiUllc ; sL'coud pair with thcii )i 11. Kc. dLLpbUiL, Uiu p.diu large, hairy, com- pressed, and club-shaped. Very raic. Near London. ENICOSTOM.\ (Stephens). Thundero's (£. TImnbergaim, Stephens) frequents gardens. Wings three-fourths of an inch, obscure, ash-grey, glossy in a very slight degree, vrith four deep black spots approximating in pairs, and banded ; all the body brown, spotless. Not common. Near London. Geofprov's (K. Geoffroyellii, Stephens) frequents bushes. Wings nine lines and a half to ten lines, yellowish, with silver streaks, and two marginal sulphur-yellow spots; antennae slender, downy, and of the middle size ; |)alpi very large, witli the first joint longish, hairy, thick, and the last brown, recurved, white. Common. Near London. DASYCERA. Olivikr's {D. Olimlla, Stephen.s). Wings seven twelfths of an inch to two- thirds ; first pair deep black, sprinkled with very numerous gold-coloured dots, and having a large yellow patch at the base, and a broad central band of the same tint, be- hind the patch and band is an indistinct silvery stieak; second pair deep black, with the upper edge whitish at the base ; an- tennie black, white before the tip ; head deep black, and silvery bright ; palpi large, reeui-ved, yellow ; corselet deep black, witli yellow. Common on hedges, near London. The PnniROSE Yellow {D.mdphurella, Stephens). Wings six lines and a half to seven lines and a half, brownish golden. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 19y with the base, and a large patch on the upper edge, primrose-yel- low, the tip of tlie wing whitish; palpi reBexcd and horn, shaped ; head and corselet primrose-yellow, and without spots. About hedges. Near London. London. ADELA (Latbbili.e). Long Hokn (A, LatreiUetla, Stephe.vs). Near Sui.Tz s LoNo Horn {A. Sulzella, Latkhillk) appears in June, about bushes. Wings five-twelfths of an inch, bronze. coloured, with a golden band ; antenna; of the male thickened as far as the middle ; of the female very long. Very uncommon. Near London. Dii Gkbr's Lono Horm (A. De Geerella, Latreille) appears in Jime, in copses. Wings seven lines to seven lines and a half • lirst pair blackish, streaked with golden-yellow, with a band crossing the middle, and edged on both sides with silvery black ; antennie blackish, longer than the body, and so tenacious, that it is easily laid hold of by them. Near London. The Copper Japan (A. fmcitlhi, Stkphens). Wings si.t lines and a half; first pair of a gold colour, shining, with a broad brown band in the middle; second pair golden-brown; antennie very long ; head and corselet black ; and antennae of a middle size, with the head rust-brown ; corselet golden. Very uncom- mon. Near London. The Scabious Lono. HORN {A. cuprelln, Stkphuv^i Appears iluring sunshine, among the flowers of tlio . r ii, i, ;.ii,-ssi.\ lines to eight lines and a-half, all, togetlK I .".ofa bright somewhat copper-gold colour ; sii i i ''■■• ' i li-'pur- plc; head red. In woody places. Kent, auu in.;i Ll^h^uh. The Green LoNO-noRN {A, viridella, Stephens) appears in May, in woody places. Winps six lines to six lines and a half; Hrst pair shorter, more vivid, and glossy, of a greenish-gold colour ; second pair brownish-purple, with a golden-green streak on tlic margin itself; all the fringes golden-green. Common. Near London, Rkau.mur's Lono-iiorn {A. Reaumurcilti, Latreille). Wings black, bronzed outwardly; antennae very long, white, black at the base. Neai- London. The Priscitian (.-I. Frischella, Stephens) appears amongst flowers, Wi.r-; thrrr li„r r.ni\ a half to four lines, brownish- purplr, ;ii I r M ,, ,1 ij^tinct central ?iiot : soccind pair j''^'''* i"" ' " ' » "t golden in certain ijusitions ; ''™y 'il" i ■ ' 'I' ••'■••> , iiiiiK longerthan the body, black, white at tiiu lip, iuni liccuiiiiiig tliicker downwards. Kent. SWA.MMERnAM'8 LoNO-HORv [A. Swttmmerdummella, Ste- phens) appears in Jime. Wings nine lines to nine lines and a half, all livid-ycUowish, without spots ; antennre very long and wliitish. Woody places. Near London. 196 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. PANzBR'a LoNo-iioBN (.1. PniijereHn, Stkdhbns) appears the beginning of June, amongst woods, in chalky districts. Wings seven lines and a half, pale, very finely chequered with dusky, with streaks, scarcely observable by the naked eye ; second pair ashy-grey ; head tawny ; antcnnic white, and very long. Scarcer than the foregoing. Kent, and near London. The Palk BnowN Lono-horn i.A. flo4«-W(o, Stephens) ap. pears the beginning of June, about hedges, in chalky districts. Wings two-thirds of an inch, dusky, spoUess ; antenna; very long, and yellowish at the base. Merely a variety of the last. Very rare. Cottingham, and near London. The CiouDBD Lead (— . Tortricella, Stephens) appears the cud of February, near oaks. Wings three-fourths to flve-sixths of an inch ; first pair lead-coloured, with brown bands and clouds, besides a band in the middle of the wings; which is inwardly oblique, when the wings arc shut i second pair dusky. Keai London. The Clouded Brown (— . nuUlm, Stephens) appears the end of February, about oak trees. Wings flve-sixths of an inch ; first pair hoory-whitc, with a narrow brown band near the base, a second much broader behind the middle, and rather oblique outwardly, behind this the wings are ash-coloured, more or less clouded with dusky ; second pair pale-dusky. Common. Near London. CAPILLARIA (Haworth). The Pale Checquered Brown {C. Tesserella, Hawortu). Wings two-thirds of an inch ; first pair brownish, chequered with pale, especially on tlie hinder part of the wings, with three pale spots on the upper edge towards the tip ; antenna: of middle size, and hairy. Very rare. Near London. The Pale Downy-horned {C.pubicornis, Haworth) appeals iu July ; wings seven lines and a half; first pair pale and spot. less ; second pair pale brown ; antennie downy, and of mode, rate length ; head yellow. Uncommon. Near London. The Rosy Day (— . Snlicella, Stephens) " appears the end of February. Wings eight lines and a half; fiist pair brownish, rosy towards the upper edge from the base to beyond the middle, with the upper edge Entirely of that colour, a deep-black very straight band before, and a similar one behind the middle, which almost touches the thinner margin ; second pair brown, with the fringes brown ; palpi short, furnished with long rosy hairs. Uncommon." Near London. Tbe Autumnal Daooer (— . gellatela, Stephens). "Wings greyish-brown ; the primary ones witli a white fillet. This spe- cies is found in fruit gardens in October ; the female has only very minute wings." CONSPECTUS OP MOTHS. 197 J'nK Drab Day i—. Phrf/ganella, Stephsns) "appears in November. Wings five-sixths to eleven-twelfths of an inch ; first pair rather long, iron-brown, in good specimens a palish interrupted, and very indistinct streak from the base behind the middle 1 second pair deeper brown, with the fringes rather paler. Coombc Wood." DIURNEA (Hawobth). The Maucii Daookr l,D. Fiigellu, Haworth) "appears in March, on the trunks of birch trees. Wings of the male one inch one-twclftli, female seven-twelfths of an inch : in the male grey, with an anterior and posterior streak, and central brown dots; In the female, first pair lance-shaped, darker, and sprinkled with lirowii. Common." Near London. Thk Novkmbbr Daookr (J). Novem/iris, Stepiibns) "appears ill November. Wings of the female seven-twelfths to two-thirds of an inch ; all the wings acutely spear-shaped ; first pair hoary, with a deep black interrupted streak from the base to behind the middle, then a band anteriorly oblique when the wings are shut, deep black, and connected with the streak; before the band the wings whiter, with two contiguous, deep-blaeV, longi- tudinally disposed dots ; second pair whitish, with the tips rather darker. Very uncommon." Near London. Stkinkfi-nbr's (E. Stehikclneranu, Stephens) " appears the cndofMarch. Wings five-sixths of an inch; first pair antenorly ash-coloured, with a broad wavy deep-black line in the middle of the disc. About hedges. Not common." Near Loudon. Thk Gromwei.l (jV. pusiella, Stephens). Near London. The Scarce Ermine (Jl/. dodecea, Stephens). " Wings seven lines and a half; first pair lead-coloured, with about twelve rather large and somewhat regular black dots. Very rare." Near London. The Funereal (M.funerelta, Stephens). "First pair of wings pure white, with two large, contiguous, posterior black patches, two black spots towards the base, and two patches on the upper edge at the base. Very rare." Near London. YPONOMEUTA (Fabricius). Tub Full Spotted Ermine (Y. Emnymelta, Latbeille) " appears in June and again in August, in gardens and about hedfres. Wings ten lines and a half ; first pair white, with four or five deep black dots disposed lengthwise; beneath, and the 1!)8 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. second pail' on both surfaces, lead-colourcrt ; head and corselet sprinkled with black dots ; belly underneath white, above black; antennse bristle-shaped ; legs with spines. Cuterpillft r {zrcf^ari. ous, yellowish, with dots on the sides. Not common." Near London, TiiK SuRRKV Ermink (Y. itrorellit, Stkphkns). " Wings one inch ; first pair dull white, posteriorly with a large rust-brown patch, and numerous irregular deep black dots. Not common." Surrey. Tub Fbw-spottei> Ermink (K. rorella, Stkphkns). " Wings three-fourths of an inch, snowy -white, \vith about twenty black dots, generally arranged in regular rows. Norfolk." The Common Ermine, (Y. padella, Latrbille) "appears during summer about hedges and gardens. Wings five-sixths of an inch to one inch ; first pair with about thirty black spots ; second pair always of a lead colour, with thick fringes. Very common." Ayrshire, and neai* London. The Kknt Ermink {V. plumhelta^ Sthphens) "appears the end of August. Wings two-thirds of an inch j first pair lead- coloured, with a large distinct spot in the middle, numerous dots, and the tip brown. About hedges." Kent. CuRTis's Ermine {Y. CurtiaeUu, Stephens). "Wings two- thirds of an inch; first pail* snow-white, sprinkled with dusky at the base, with the upper edge black from the base to tlic middle, the black dilated into a short three-cornered band in the middle of the upper edge ; the hinder margin snow-white, with black confluent spots ; second pair and all the fringes brownish lead- coloured. Not common." Near London. The Hawthorn Ermine (V. CratergcUa, Stephens). The Small Brown Bar (V. ambigitella, Stephens). "Wings six lines and a half; first pair yellowish, with a broad, perfect band in the middle, indistinctly dotted with brown, and dilated towards the upper edge ; second pair dim white, fringes silky, and yellowish. Very rare." Near London. The Small White Bar {Y. leucnfella, Stephens). " Wings six lines to six lines and a half ; first pair black, the anterior band whitish and semiclrculai", anteriorly transverse, and posteriorly roundish, the hinder band narrow ajid w)iite, but spotted ; head quite white; palpi reflcxcd ; antennrc black, and ringed with white. Occurs on hedges. Rather uncommon." Near London. The Twin Band (K, bifmciella, (?) Stephens). Near London. The Peacock*s Feather (V. comptella, Stephens) "appears during spring. Wings six lines and a half ; first pair naiTOW, ash-coloured, with a copper-red terminal spot, somewhat eye- like, and having a brown iris ; fringes burnt-brown, but towards the posterior angle pale brownish ; second pair pole brown. Common." Near London. The Muddy Ermine (V. /«(ore//a, (?) Stephens) "appears In CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 199 spring:, about hetiges. Wings five-twelftlis of an incli to seven- twdfths; first pair yellowisli-asli, witli numerous (larlier, indis- tinct (lots; near the tip of the upper cdpe a smaU slender white line, the fringes, in particular positions, of a copper-colour ; second pair pale brown." Near London. Thb Small Banobu (Y. mb/asciella, Stbphkns). Near Lon- don. The Purplb-edokd {Y. Cwsiella, Stephen's). " Winffs five lines to five lines and a half; first pair ashy-brown, with darker dots, the fringes and hinder margin purple ; second pair whitish, posteriorly brown. Not common." Coombe Wood, and Surrey- The Lono-winoed White Back {!'. scmifusca, Stephens). " Wings half an inch ; first pair narrow, brown, with a tinge of purple, a common broad white streak, intersected in tlie middle by a short and straight brown band, the upper edge with white dots, fringes very deep. Very unfreiiuent. Near London." The Purple White Back (V. mendicelln, Stephens). " Wings live lines and a half, ashy-lirown, with a common white streak intersected in the middle by a short straight brown square band, the upper edge thickly dotted with white. Hedges." Near London. The Purple White-streak (Y. nlbistria, Stephens). " Fro quents woody places. Wings four lines and a half, tawny-pui-ple, with a common snow-white anterior streak. Variable." Near Loudon. The Whitk-back {Y. pruniella, Stephens). "Found in gardens. Wings five linos to five lines and a half; yellowish- gl'ey, with a common broad white streak, cut in the middle by an oblique ]jiu-plish band ; the upper edge of tlie firet pair of wings dotted with wliitc. Common." Near London. The Four-footeh (V. tetrapodella, Stephens). Near London. The Evelet (V. ocellea, Stephens). Near London. The Little Evelet ( Y. subocellea, Stephens). Near London. The CREA.M-C0L0URsn (y. ossea, Stephens). " Wings five- twelfths of an inch ; first pair spear-shaped, whitish, milk or bone white, and of a silvery hue, with a short yellowish stripe at the base, and a very slender one, (in good specimens) in Ihe middle of the thinner margin, fringes burnt-brown ; second pair, spear- shaped, dusky, lead-coloured, veiy glossy, with very broad fringes, and of one colour ; the hinder margin of the first pair, in certain positions, is snowy. white. Very uncommon." Near London. The BRiNPLEn Ermine (Y. curvella, Stephens). "Wings (ivc-twelfths of an inch ; first pair pure white, slightly sprinkled with dusky, with a common arch and hinder margin of the same colour ; second pair always spear-shaped, dull lead-coloured, and very glossy, with deep fringes. It frequents osiers." Near London. 200 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. TnK BAttRED Whitb (V. ClemiUelln, Stephens). Wings half an inch ; first pair snowy-wliite, with a briRht, black, marginal line at the base, in the middle an oblique and angular black band, the tip with one or two black spots ; second pair ashy, spotless ; head brown j corselet snowy- white. It frequents hedges. Not common. Near London. ARGYROSETIA (Stephens). GiEDART's (/I. Gicdnrtdla, Stephens) appears in July, on the white beech. Wings five lines to five lines and a half, silvery, gold, with the characters I V T gold-coloured, band-like, and oqui distant. Abundant. Near London. THE Short Goi,n Bar (/I. scmifasdcUa, Stephens) appears the end of June. Wings half an inch ; first pair silvery-golden, with three short, pale, gold-coloured bands in the thinner mar- gin. Very uncommon. CoombeWood. Surrey. The Gold 1 W (A. I ■W-ella, Stephens) appears in July. Wings five lines to five lines three-fourths j first pair silvery, with a golden band near the base, and thickertowards the upper edge, behind this, from the middle to the hinder margin, thick connected bands, representing the letter W, and a silvery spot in the tip ; second pair lead-coloured, with the fringes dull, golden 1 head and corselet snowy- white. Occurs on the white beech. Abundant. Coombc Wood, and Suney. The Goi,n \V (A- I V-cllii, Stephens). Wings five lines and a half, of a silvery hue, with the characters I V, of a gold- colour, band-like and connected. Very rare. Kent. TheGrrbn-i.ettered Gom lA.lilerelln, Stephens) appears in July, among beech trees. Wings five lines three-fourths, sil- very 1 the first pair with a tinge of golden, vrith three short, equi- distant golden bands, the first near the base, rc|ncscnting the Greek Iota, the second in the middle, a Upsilon, and the thu-d at the posterior angle, a large Omega. Very rare. Darenth Wood, Kent. The Golden Ribband (A. aurivUMn, Stephens). Wings five-twelfths of a line; first pair very Shining, silvery, with a large, very much waved, golden-red fiUet from the base to the edge, occupying all the wing, with a silvery spot at tlie tip; second pair dusky lead-coloured. Very rare. Near London. rifasiyielltt, Stephens). Near ARGYROMIGES (Curtis). Blancard's (.-1. Blimcurdetla, Curtis) appears the end of May, on hedges. Wings three lines and a half to four lines; first pair golden, glossy, the base with a longitudinal silver line, which joins the edge to the corselet, four spots at the thicker margin, tliree sUvery at the thinner margin, all behind the CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 201 mUtdle ; second pair very hairy, silvery, and without spots ; antennre above brown, beneath silvery j corselet gold coloured, with a silver border. Uncommon. Near London. Schbeber's {A. Sckreherella, Curtis) frequents hedges. Wings one-fourth of an inch ; first pair gold-coloured at the base, with two silvery bands in the middle, and two opposite spots at the tip, of the same hue ; second pair ashy- grey ; the legs glitter with silvery shades j body small, but very brilliant. Rather scarce. Near London. The Brioht Si'Ecklei) Gold [A. CijdonieUa, Curtis) fi'e- i|uents hedges. Wings one-fourth of an inch , first pair of a (•olden coloiu-, with a pure white line at the base, and eight spots oil the margin, disposed in pairs, and of piu'e whiteness. Vari- able. Uncommon. Neai- Chelsea. Ki.kman's (/I. Klemimella, Curtis) appears the end of May, about hedges. Wings three lines and a half, of a gold colour, glossy, with two perfect anterior silvery strealts, and two poste- rior, interrupted in the middle, and generally uniting, a deep black terminal spot. Not common. Coombe Wood. The Silver SroTTEn Gold (.A. Mespilella, Curtis) appears the end of May, about hedges. Wings one-third of an inch ; test pair golden tawny, with a very slender silvery line in the middle of the base, and seven comma-shaped silvery marginal dots, the thinner margin sprinTded with silvery as far as the centre. Common. Near London. Rav's (.-1. Rnyelln, Curtis) appears the end of May, about hedges. Wings one-fourth of an inch ; first pair dusky-golden, spotted on both sides with three white and three silvery spots. Perhaps a variety of the last, but much smaller, and the wings nearly without the tawny or golden colours. Common. The Treble Gold Stripe {A. Iristrigella, Stephens) ap- liears the end of May. Wings ttiree lines and a half ; first pair tawny-brown, with a straight silvery -golden band before, and a second in the middle, and those behind the middle all equi- distant i second pair dull lead colour, with elevated fringes. Very uncommon. Near London. The Tawnv Treble Bab (A. trifcacielln, Curtis) appears the end of May, on hedges. Wings three lines three-fourths ; first pair dull tawny, with three somewhat straight, equi-distant, brown bands, whitish-golden on the outer edges, the first before, and the second in the middle, the third behind the middle and forked at the posterior angle, the tip with a brown, oblong, band-like patch ; second pair dull lead-coloured, with very long fringes ; the head tawny, with a snowy-white forehead. Rare. Coombe Wood, and Surrey. Mvlleb's (/4. Mi/llertUa, Stepuens). Supposed to be British on doubtful authority. Harris's {A. Harrisella, Cubtis) appears in May and June. Wings three lines three-fourths to four lines three-fourths, 2m CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. varied with golden and silvery, blunt at the tip, the tip itself of a brownish burnt colour, with a deep-black eyclike spot. Com- mon about bushes. Near London. CRAMiiR's (.■!. Cramerelln, Stephkxs) appears the beginning of May and June. Wings three lines three-fourths, silvery rather glossy behind the middle, with three opposite oblique lines on both sides, and a deep black eye-like spot in the tip Common. Near London. Thk PoBCKi.AlN (A. hortella, Stephens) appears the end of May, about bushes. Wings one-third of an inch ■, first pair snow .white and glossy, with three yellow bands, the third inter, rupted ; the tip is terminated by a black line ; head small aBd snow-white. Near- London. The Dark Porcelain (A. si/hetlii, Hawortii) appears the end of May, in woody places. WiiiRs thicc lines three- fourthsi first pair pure white, with a iimi i lin imsi-, com- posed of two or three brown streaks, s(.,i iHiashy. grey, a band nearly in the middle, riTl.n ■ ruy, and (listinctly margined with brown, then • . i 'ashy. grey croiis from the base to the thi . Mlistinctly bordered with brown, also at the tip .-L in 1 1, 1, -v eyelet, with a brown iris, and deep-black, chilli I i . .nil pupU; second pair ashy-white. Uncommon. Ni h i ..ii,ii,„ TiiK CiKKon's Feather (A. cucuUpencllit, Stephens). Wings thiie lines one-foiu-tll to foiur lines; first pair hoary- white, with three or f axd White Bar (.A. ri,/!/mncMI/i, Stephexs) appears the end of May. Wings three lines and three-fourths; first liair nsliy-crey, with iil)nut three equi-distant bandlets, the first fiiiliiii.i ,,ini .11 iiMJi linct, the second in the middle, conipii I ii I I I M I,, iiliiek one, and anothcrrcd, more or l®'*^ ' n.ii.i.,, iiii, , :. Miird is towards the hinder margin, I; second pair dull lead-coloured. HERIBEIA (Stephens). Haworth's (H. Huuiorthella, (Stephens). CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 203 Tub GBOt/NDLET (H. humerelln, Stephbxs). Near London. FoKSTKR's (H. Forsterella, Stephens). Wings three lines anil a half to three lines tliree fourths, flat, brownish-goldeu, spotless at the base, with a common arch in the middle of the hack, and behind tills five marginal silvery streaks, the tip with a deep-black patch containing a silvery spot. Very uncom- mon. Kent. TiiK Simple (//. simplicielln, Stephens) Near London. The Cognate (H. cognatella, Stephens). Clkrck's {H. Clprckella, Stephens) appears in May (?)• Wing's one fourth of an inch; first pair silvery, golden-brown at the tip, somewhat sti-eaked, and tailed with a deep-black round eyelet. Near London. The Cherry Leap, {H. niuella, Stephens). Near London. The Golden Dot (W. punctaurella, Stephens) appears in June (?)• Wings tlu-ee lines three-fourths, all silvery; first pair with seven oblique, brown, posterior lines, radiating conjunc- tively in the tip ; of these the first four are sprinkled with gold- colour ; at the posterior angle a convex gold-coloiu-ed dot, which, in some situations, seems half black. Common. Coombe Wood. Surrey. The Single Dot (H. unipunctella, Stephens). Near Lon- don. The Mallow Leap (H. semiaurella, Stephens.) Near MICROSETIA (Stephens). Thx DouitLK-sii.vKi: Bar {M. SiihbbiMgeHay Stephens). Wines \\\v lidi , iiiH tbuitli; first pair black, with a linear band in i' ■ . '^ ' ' ' iml iuttrrupted behind the middle, both straifjlii, , ii! . , or rattit-r silvery ; second pair black, with long.tlml , iii"v\M iiMiLCfs. Very rai"e. Near London. The iNUisTiNCT {M. obaoleieUa, Stephens). Near London. The MiNtfTB {M. exigueUa, Stephens). Near London. The Grev-dotted Brown (HI. rinrrrnpj.-nrfr".:. ^•;Ti:riiENs) appears the end of May, on buslK's, Win ii:,. in tliree- fourths, all black; first pair with an in) j i landlet, extending from the upper edge nt-arly !■■ Mh iiMiij>> ■ ni-c, and an indistinct ashygrcy spot at the posti. riui Jin^k-, mni another at tlie tip. Kent. The Triple Gold Spot (M.S/i;je//o, Stephens) appears the end of August in woody districts. Wings three lines and a half; first pair brovm, with three large brilliant gold-coloured dots disposed triangularly, one in the middle of the thinner margin, the other on the upper edge. Very rare. Kent. Ths White Spotted Sable (M. guttella, Stephens). Wings 204 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. one third of an inch ; first pair sliininfi:, hlaclc, or, in certain positions, pitch-blacit, with four opposite marginal snow-white spots, the two anterior are confluent in a band before tlie raid, die, the other two are behind, and more remote ; second pair, and all the fringes, black ; head yellow ; tail ashy-grey. Found with the preceding. The Sli.vBB Spotted Sadi.e (M. quadreUit, Stephens). Very similar to the last, from which it differs only in the colours of iu head and spots ; the head is white instead of yellow, and the spots silvery and more distinct, instead of snow-white. Uncora. mon. Kent. The Silver-blotched (M. seqnclla, STErnKNs). Wings three lines one-fourth J first pair deep blaclt, with a broad band before the middle, a minute spot in the middle of the inner mar. gin, and a large spot towards the hinder part on the upper edge, and posterior dots, all pure white or silvery ; second pair brown- ish. Occurs on hedges. Near London. The Small Argent ami Sadlk {M. pulchclln, Stephens). Wings three lines one-fourth ; first pair very deep Wack, with a broad white streak at the base of the thinner margin, witll a splendid silvery straight band in tlie middle, and joined to the streak, and with two obliquely opposite and silvery dots, one on the thinner margin, and the other on tlie hinder part of the upper edge ; second pair whitish, or rather pale-eoloiu:cd ; head and vent beard white ; body deep black. Very uncommon. Kent. The Small Double Silver Bar (M. nigrella, Stephens) frequents liushes. Wings three lines and a linlf; first pair blaclc, with a silvery band before, and another sligiitly interrupted be- hind the middle ; second pair shining, and dull lead-coloureil. Uncommon. Near London. The Cheam-spotted Sable (JI/. Mmuculella, Stephens) appears the beginning of July, frequents poplar trees. Wings two lines three-fourths ; first pair deep black, with a very broad tip notched yellowish streak from tlie base almost to the middle, and witll two posterior, opposite marginal, nearly confluent, yel- lowish spots. Very rare. Near London. The Twin-spot Sable (/If. suMimamletla, Stephens) occurs about hedges. Wings two lines and a half; first pair deep black, whitish at the base, with two obliquely opposite, nearly confiu. ent, silvery spots, one of them is in the middle of tlie thinner margin, and the other in the anterior part of the upper edge ; second pair lead-black. Near London. The Silvbr-barred Brown (M. uni/asciella, Stephens). Wings three lines and a half; first pair pale dusky, witli a straight silvery band just behind the middle ; second pair brown, with the fringes on both sides very deep and pale brown. Very rare. Near London. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 205 The Central Silvbh Bab (Jtf. med(o/Vwe(>/fa, Stephens). Wings two lines and a half, very similar to the last, but smaller ; the tlrst pair of wings deep black, witlx the band in the middle of a more silvery hue, and, in some situations, very slightly inter- rupted ; second pair broader than in the foregoing, darker or lead-black. Very rare. Near London. TiiK Diamond-Barrkd Pvomy (M. aiirella, Stephens) ap- pears in summer. Wings one line one-third to two lines one- fourth, of a very brilliant gold-colour, posteriorly deep black, with a silveiT band ; second pair deep black, with a very bright silvery sti'cak ; head white, with the forehead rust-brown ; an- tennae short and black. Chelsea. TiiK Pyomv Silver Bar (M. post ice Ua, Stephens). Wings two lines and a half; first pair of a brown-silvery silky hue, with a straight posterior silvery-gold band from the upper edge nearly to the vent angle, and behind this, in some positions, brownish, with a purplish tinge , second pair very pale brownish. Very rare. Near London. The Violet Pvgmy (M. violaceella, Stephens). Wings one- fourth of an inch ; first pair deep black, with a tinge of violet ; head rust-brown ; antenuse very remarkable, strong, short, somewhat necklace-formed, covered at the base of the head with a plate of white. Very rare. Near London. The Cream Pvomv (M.floslactcUa, Stephens) appears the end of May, about woods and hedges. Wings one-fourth of an inch ; first pair very palc-yellowish, with a large, irregular, bantl-like, deep black patch in the middle, and another terminal, roundish, deep black tinged \vith violet, extending from the upper edge to the thinner margin, fringes yellowish-white ; second pair lead-brovra, silky, with very deep lead-coloured fringes on both sides. Near London, and Surrey. The Black-headed Pvomy {M. atri-eapUelta, Stephens). Wings two lines three-fourths ; first pair of a gold-colour, with the hinder margin strongly tinted with purplish, the upper edge, in some situations, refiecting a purplish hue ; the head is very deep black, and marked with a plate of white at the base of the antcnnre. Uncommon. Near London. The Red-headed Pvowy (JI/. rtiJicapiteUa, Stephens). Wings two lines three-fourths; first pair of a gold-colour, with the hinder margin purplish j the head reddish. Near London. The Least Pvomy {M. pygmceelta, Stephens) frequents hedges, tlie smallest of all the Lepidoptera. Wings one line three-fourths to two lines and a half, anteriorly of a pale-gol- den tint, and the hinder margin indistinctly tinged with pur- plish ; the liead reddish. Not comnmon. Chelsea. The Satin Pyomy {M. sericiella, Stephens) appears the end of May. Wings three lines one-fourth to tlu-ee lines and a half, all of silken glossiness, and brownish -silvery hue ; first pair, in some positions, with t\vo small spots or dots, wliich arc three- 200 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. cornered, paler, or whitish ; one before the middle, and tlic other in the middle of the thinner margin. Aboxit hedges. Common. Coombe Wood, and Surrey. Thk Goldkn Ba.vhki} Pyoaiv (M. auro/nsciella, Stephk.xs). Near London. Gleiciik's {M. Gleickella, Stephens) occurs on bushes. Wln^s three lines three-fourths ; first pair flat and deep black, glossy, with a broad silvery band in the middle, and two oppo. site spots of the sajiie colour towards the tip ; second pair ash- colourcd, Uncommon. Near London. The Four-spotted Gold (it/, quadriguttclla, Stephens) appears the end of May, about hedges. Winj^js four lines one- fourth ; first pair of a (foldcn-copiicr colour, with two rather large, obliquely opposite, and beautifully brilliant golden spots, which are often joined to an anterior somewhat arched band, two other very similar spots, but distinct, larger, three-cornered, obliquely opposite behind the middle, one at the upper edge, and the other at tlie thinner margin ; second pair brownish. Very uncommon. Near London. GSCOPHORA (LATaEiLLE). LlNN.xus's {iymiiu;tc indistinct brown dots; second pair wliiii^li, .^i.ihiui;, with wiuic silky fringes. Very uncommon." Near Louilon. The PownERED Knot-born (P. diluta, Haworth). " Wings three-fourths of an inch ; first pair rather narrow and long, red- dish ash, and very much ashy-grey towards the upper cclRC, with a narrow band red just before the mi(li! i.^ i liuul near the liin- der margin; fringes deep lead-colmir, and very shining; in the place of the hinder stigma a cross, curved, or obscure, smoke, hlack crescent; second pair brownish, with darker fringes. Very rare." Near London. The PoaPHTRT Knot.Horn (,P. Porphyrea, Curtis). Near London. The Dove roi.ouRED Knot-horn (P. Rhmelln, Gbrmah). " Wings nine liius oiu'-luurdi : first pair glaucous ash, with a band before the iiii.l.il.-. Mii.>ke.lilack, broader at the upper edge, and including a wliik' hli.ldi at the thinner margin ; hinder mar- gin dullish-red, with a \yj.\- waved indistinct streak ; in the place of the liinder stigma in Noctuce, two cross brown dots ; second pair wliitish, with the hinder margin itself brown." Near Lon- don. The Tabbv Knot.horn (P. pinguis, STEPHENa). "Wings ten lines and a half ; first pair pale grey, with a deep-black band ahnost on the base, and a second much narrower, contiguous, and a third wavy and streak-shaped towards the hinder margin, and a fourth behind the thud ; second pair white, shining, with the hinder margin sliijhtly darker; fringes silky white. Very uncommon." Near London. TheBbautipui, Knot-horn (P. /ormosn, Stephens). "Wings five-sixths of an inch ; first pair rufous-ash, with two somewhat double streaks, and an interjacent character, resembling the letter I, black; second pair brown. Very rare." Near London. Tub BLUMT-wiNOEn Knot-horn (P. oMufsa^ Stephens). " Wings eight lines and a half; first pair obtuse, brownish-red, with a brown band on tlie liasc, bordered on the outer edge by some imperfect rufous streaks; second pair brownish. Very rare." Near London. The Speckied Knot-horn (P. ornatella, Gkrmar). "Wings ten lines and a half ; first pair pale browni.sh, clouded with white and black, with a white posterior streak, and another composcil of black and wliite dots on the mai-gin ; second pair browmsh. Very rare." Near London. The Pine Knot-hobn (P. Abieletla, Germar). Near London. The Dotted Knot-horn (P. Roborella, Germar) "appears in June (()■ Wings twelve lines to twelve lines and a half; first CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 215 pair varied, red and ashy-grey, with two brown wa^-y streaks, and three or four black dots close together, in place of the hinder stigma. Uncommon." Near London. TiiK Purplish Knot-iiorn (P. cristelln, Gbrmar). " Wings one inch, rufous purple, somewhat spotted with grey, with two brownish streaks, edged with whitish; second pair aa in the foregoing. Very rare." Near London. Tub Plain Knot-horn (P. legatella, Gbrmar). "Wings twelve lines and a half; first pair ashy-grey, with grey and brown, a darker streak in the middle, and a wavy one between it and the hinder margin j between the streaks and in the place of the hinder stigma, dots, or blotches, often occur." Near Lon- don. Thb Brown Knot-horn (P. /«sc«, Stephens). "Wings ten lines and a half, pitch-brown, with two streaks and a spot brown. Similar to the preceding in every respect except colour ; but distinct." Near London. TiiK Mealy Knot Horn (P. palumbella, Germar) "appears in June. Wings one inchj first pair ashy-grey, with two wavy black streaks, bordered broadly on the outer edge with rosy i second pair whitish, with the margin darker. Uncommon." Near London. ONOCERA (Stephens), The Thistle Ermine (O. Cardui, Stephens) "appears in May and middle of August, about thistles. Wings one inch one- sixth to one fourth of an inch, pure white, with numerous deep black spots; all the fringes pure white, very shining, and almost silvery ; .second pair pure white, smoke-coloured, largely on the upper edge, and more or less on the hinder margin," Near London. The Kosv Veneer (0. carnffi/n, Stephens) "appears in May. Wings one inch, first pair yellow, with the sides blood-red. Uncommon." Near London. The Bi;fp-ei>ged Rosy Venber (0. snn^uinflla, Stephens) " found with the preceding. Wings one inch one-twclfth ; first pair blood-red, with the upper edge pale, and a broad yellow stripe on the thinner margin rather darker." Near London. The Reu Lead (0. miniostlla, Stephens). The Latine (0. Lotella I Stephens). Tub Necklace Vknekr (0. ocellea, Stephens) " appears the beginning of spring. Wings eleven lines and a half, brownish, wtn a double yellowish sti-eak in the middle, and a second short and ncckiace-hke at the posterior angle; second pair brown, with the wing ribs darker, and fringes black. Very rare." Near London. The Mouse Brown Vkneeb (0. ahenella, Stephens.) 2ib CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS, "Wings ten and a half lines, apotlessj first pair mouse-brown ; second pair dingy j the pafjn declined and curved. Very rare." Near London. CKAMBUS (Fabricius). Thb Lbadbn VBNKiiK (C. Li/tftargj/reilu^, STEPHENS.) Near Loudon. Thb SniEAKBii Satin Vkkkbu (C. argyrewt, Fabricius). " "Wings one inch, spotless, silken ; first pair sulphur- silvery in certain positions, with the wing ribs posteriorly brown. Very uncommon. Norfolk." Near London. The Yellow Satiw Vkvkbr (C. Arbitstorum, Fabricius) " found in grassy places. Wings twelve lines to thirteen lines, spotless, silky J first pair sulphui'-yeUow ; second pair browti. Uncommon." Near London. Thk White Satin Vknker (C argentcllus, Stephens) "found among gi-ass. Wings one inch, spotless, silky; first pail' silvery ; second pair whitish. Perhaps a mere variety of the last." Uncommon. Near London. The Pbarl-strkak Veneer (C hamellus, Stephens). " Wings eleven -twelfths of an inch ; first pair greyish, tile-red, with a pure white, broad streak drawn from the base to the end, and inwardly with one indentation in the middle ; near the hin- der margin a rectangular brownish streak ; behind this the wings are ash-coloured, but in the middle of the hinder margin four deep black cross spots ; second pair brownish, with the fiinges pure white and shinning. Very rare. Norfolk." Near London. The Portland Veneer (C. tentaculellus, Curtis). " Wings retuse, dull brick-red, with pure white simple and ramifying streaks ; second pair brownish-ash, spotless, with snow-white fringes. Very rare." Near London. The Inlaid Venber (C. pascuellus, Stephens) "appears in August in meadows. Wings five-sLxths of an inch ; first pair in the middle yellowish ; with a broad white silvery line, spear- shaped, tlurough the length of the wing i an oblong patch at the tip; two oblique white Unes before the tip; second pair whitish; all brown underneath." Near London. Thb Hbath Veneer (C. ericelliis, Stephens). Near London. The Dark Inlaid Veneer (C. pratdlus, Stephens) "ap- pears the middle of June and beginning of August, in meadows. Wings five-sixtlis of an inch ; first pair whitish, with a silvery line lengthwise in the middle, shooting ofl' on tlie lilndcr part simple branches like streaks." Near London. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Garden Vknkkr (C. hortuellus, Stbphbns). "Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch i fii-st pair ashy-prey, witli the streaks and wing: ribs paler, and the fringes of a briUiant golden hue ; fowards the hinder margin a 1( need, somewhat silvery streak; second pair brown, with pale silky fringes. Common." Near London. TiiK Straw Yi;m,()\v Venker (C. cespitellm, Stephens). " Winp:sileviMi twrifthsof an inch; first pair straw-yellow, with two kiiiHil iiniwji stivaksi fringes of a brilliant gold-colour; second |):iir |);ik- i.towiiish, or whitish, with the fringes ashy- golden. Norjolk." Near London. The Mountain Veneer (C. montanellus, Stephens). The Mar«inrd Veneer (C. marginellus, Stepukns). The DiNoy Veneer (C. tristis, STHpngNs). " Wings eleven ■ twelftlis of an inch, spotless ; first pair reddish brown, and only in certain positions posteriorly streaked ; second pair brown. Very rare. Norfolk." Near London. The Small Straw-ykllowVknker {C.culmeUus, Stephens) •' appears the beginning of July and August. Wings nine lines and a half; first pair yellowish, spotless, with a single marg'inal sUver>' streak ; second pair ashy-brown, with a silvery marginal streak. Common. Norfolk." The Dark Dwarp Veneer (C. aunferellus, Stephens), " Wings half an inch ; firat pair pitch-black, shining, in some positions golden-pitch, with two evanescent, darker, very wavy streaks, conspicuous only in a certain light; with three deep black spots on the hinder margin near the posterior angle ; second pair and fringes brown. Very rare. Kent." The Pygmy Venebr {C.pygmteus^ Stephens). The Rayed Venbbr (C. radiellus, (Curtis). The Pearl Veneer (C. margaritelltts, Fabricivs). The Broad-streak Veneer (C. latistrius,CvRTis). "Wings one inch ; first pair brown, with a broad and perfect silvery streak in the middle; palpi projecting forwards. Very rai"e." Near London. The Pearl Vbnkkr (C. Pineteflus, Stephens) " appears in June and August. Wings eleven -twelfths of an inch ; first paif yellow, with a silvery longitudinal patch, broken into two ; the first of which is oblong ; the posterior narrow at the base, almost rhonil)oi([al, with a dark brick-red margin ; second pair whitish, nndenicnth all brownish. Uncommon," Coombe Wood. TtiB PowDBREi) Veneer (C cfirj/sonucliellus, Stephens). " Wings eleven-twelfths of an inch ; first pair asliy-grey, very thickly sprinkled 'with brown dots, with two brown streaks; 218 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. fringes gold-coloured and shining; second pair brown or ashy, with the fringes silky white." Near London. Tbb Dew Veneeb (C. rorellus, Stephens). Near London. The Chkc(juerkd Veneek (C. falsellm, Stephens) "appears in August, in meadows. Wingsthree-fourthsof an inchj first pair with short indistinct brown and white streaks ; second pair ashy, grey, spotless ; head and corselet asby-grcy, abdomen brown and shining. Uncommon." Near London. The Habbed Veneer (C. luteMus, Stephens) " appears the middle of June, in meadows. Wings flve-slxths of an inch to eleven-twelfths of an inch, whitish, with various longitudinal brown lines, and two brown streaks. Common." Near London. The Ei.Bow-sTRiPED Veneer (C. inquinatellm, Stephens) ** appears in meadows. Wings ten lines to ten lines and a half, first pair ashy-grey, or pale brownish, with two iinangulate or kneed streaks, brown, edged with whitish, the first in the middle, the second towards the hinder margin; the fringes pale golden, shining ; second pair brownish-white, with whitish silky fringes. Cambridge." The Abid Veneer (C. aridellus, Curtis). Near London. Hubner's Veneer iC. eellasellus, Stephens). Near London. TheDi'sky Veneer C./uscelinellus,STKfHENS). Near London. Tub Blunt Veneer (C. oblmetlus, Stephens). Near London. The Common Veneer (C.petrlficellus, Stephens) "appears in August in meadows. Wings one inch one-twelfth ; first pair brownish-ash, witli the upper edge brownish, and a pure white streak in the midiUc branched posteriorly; second pair very large, brownish, spotless." Near Loudon. The Black Streak Veneer (C. nigristriellm, Stephens). Near London. The Eaoiet Venkkb (C. aquileUus, Stephens). The YEtbOW Veneer (C.palretlus, Stephens) " appears in meadows. Wings one inch one-twelfth ; first pair pale yellow, with a short white streak in the middle, bordered by two brown lines ; second pair brown, spoUess. Perhaps a variety of the Common Veneer ( C. peMficdlus)." Near London. The Brown-edged Veneer (C. culmorum, Stephens). " Found in meadows. Wings twelve lines and a half; first pair ashy -brown, with a brown upper edge and a slender pure white streak in the middle, slightly forked on the hinder part; second pair brown. Common." Near London. CHILO (ZINCK. Sommer). The AouATlc Veneer {C./or/wellus, Gebmar and Z. S. 123) " appears in July, in marshy grounds ; first pair red Btraw-yci- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 219 low, somewhat clouded with brown, with an oblique brown line at the tip behind a black spot ; all tlie wings have frequently a streak of brown dots on tlic hinder margin ; second pair whitish ; antennae reddish." Near London. Thb Smoky Venkkr (C.fujnfus, Stkpiikns). " Wings twelve lines and a half; first pair obtuse, smoky, straw-yellow, with the upper edge darker ; second pair white, with a strong smoke, coloured streak near the hinder margin, composed of small con- fluent dots. Very uncommon." The Dot Bbarer (C. puncligerellus, Stephens). Thb Wainscot Venkkh (C. Phrv [,,.r i-lt, dull straw-yellow, with astreakfrom ii. i ,, , ,,, , .iiichin some positions appears darker; i ; " i 'i . lining, with the fringes very thick, lou^;, ihii.jn-, ;.uiULV,iiaL :Lid.w-yeI- low. Very uncommon." Near Loudon. The Pale Hook-tip Venkeh (P. 7iffmf)re;/rt, Stephens) "ap- pears in August, in woods. Wings ten inches one-half; first pair liooked, straw-yellow, with a dusky streak from the base to the middle, and a brown spot in the middle rather within the streak ; second pair wliitish, with the tips rather brownish. Uncommon." Near London, The Tooth-streakbo Hook-tip (/*. dentella, Stephens). Wings two-thirds of an inch to three-fourths of an inch, brown, hooked at the tip, with a common white fillet on the back, with one indentation ; head and corselet snow-wliite, with rust- brown sides. Caterpillar shining, green, witli a pun)lc line on the back. Pupa yellow ; inhabits a spindle-shaped case, which is open at both ends. Near London. The Wainscot HooK-Tip {P. scabrelta, Stephens). Wings nine lines and a half; first pair liookcd, black, towards the upper edge longitudinally half, pale streaked with indistinct 220 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. brown, black towards the thinner margrin, with imperfect indis- tinct pale streaks ; second pair pale brownish. Very raie. Near Loudon. The Hedob Bill (P, mbfalcatelfa, Stephens). Thk Roi/on White {P. asperella, Stephevs). Wings seven- twelfths of an inch, hooked, wliite, with an obscure band, and a large tliree- cornered brown patch in the thinner margin. Very scarce. YPSOLOPHUS (Fabricius). The Netted Hook-tip (V. nutcroncllus, Haworth). Wings eight lines to eight lines and a half; first pair retnsc, yellowish, with numerous darker nettings, and the tip sharp-pointed f- second pair pale brownish ; antenna; ringed with wliite. Un. common. Coombe Wood, and near London. The Double Baraud (K. Pevsinellus, Hawobth) appears in September, in woody places. Wings eight lines and a half; first pair bright golden-red, shining with two oblique brown bands in the middle. Near London. The White SnooLnEnEo (V. cnstelhis^ Haworth) appears the beginning of September, about oaks. Wings seven lines and a half to eight lines; first pair shining, golden-red at the bBiae, with a large, oblong, white spot on the upper edge, in which are some brown dots, a white blotch at the posterior angle; second pair ashy. grey, spotless. The BifFF White Shoulder O'. ochr oleums, HAWonTn), Wings two-thirds of an inch ; first pair pale buff coloured, with an oblong whitish patch at the base, under the upper edge. Very uncommon. Near London. The Ermined White SHOULnna (V. erniiMew*, Haworth). Wings two-thirds of an inch; first pair white, with numerous small dots towards the upper edge, and another larger towards the hinder margin black, a yellow fillet or streak from the base behind the middle, terminating in small brownish clouds towards the upper edge. Very uncommon. Near London. The STREAKEn White SnouLnBR {Y. ustulatus, Haworth.). Wings two-thirds of an inch; first pair whitish, with various ashy-red streaks, and fringes burnt-brown, but yellow towards the posterior angle. Uncommon. Near London. The Variable Autumn {Y. variellns^ Stephens) appears in September, in woody places. Wings two-tliirds of an inch to three-fourths j first pair more or less red or brown, often spotted, and with a black line from the base of the inner margin. Near London. The Five-spotted (K. qumqufpiinctntus, Haworth). Wings eight lines and a half ; first pair golden reddish, with a very deep CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 221 black short line at the base of the inner margin, and brown spots on the disc. Uncommon. Near London. The Dotted Drab (Y. littoms, Hawortfi) frequents woody places. Wings eiglit lines to eight lines and a half ; first pair palish or dull brownish-white, or pale-yellow, dotted with brown, and various dots scattered over the edge, fringes yellow. Near London. TllK Ykllow-fringed WniTK (y. flavwiliatuH, Haworth) frequents woody places. Wings three-fourths of an inch ; first pair white, or whitish, with yellow posterior spots on the upper edge, and yellow fringes. Near London. The Rusty Mitre {Y. rufimitreltus, Stephens). Near Loudon. The Broad Streak (y.,/fMe(tos, Stkpuens). Wings two- thirds of an inch, wliite, with a very straight broad black streak from tlie base to the end ; colour of the wings variable. Very uncommon. Near London. The Radiated (V. radintellui, Stephens) appears in Sep- tember, in woody places. Wings two-thirds of an inch to three- fourths i first pair golden red, reddish, or brownish, with various streaks. Very variable. Near London. The Moor (y. maurelias, Stephens). Near London. The Black Back [V. VittcUus, Haworth) appcai's in sum- mer, on elm trees. Wings seven-twelfths of an inch to two- thirds 1 first pair ashy-grey, with a common black longitudinal line on both sides, repanded ; the hinder margin with minute black dots, a blackish hollow line at the tip of the wing. Near London. Till! Small Runic { 1'. sequellm, Haworth) appears in August, on hedges. Wings eight lines and a half; first pair snow white ; a common deep-black longitudinal fillet, forked at the base, variously waved at the sides ; spots on the sides, black, some- what cross-wise, and of various form ; antenna black, ringed with white ; shanks of the fli'st pair of legs brown ; head, cor- selet, abdomen, and tliighs white. Very uncommon. Kent. The Grey Streak (F. Hrsperidellua, Stephens). In gar- dens. Wiugs seven-twelfths of an inch ; first pair pale, with a terminal asliy-black band, tlie upper edge with posterior black dots; second pair pale brownish. Very uncommon. Near London. The Grey Honeysuckle (7. Xyloslella, HaworthI. In gar- dens. Wings half an inch to seven-twelfths, ashy-grey, with a common white streak on the back, indented on both sides. EUPLOCAMUS, (Latrbille). The Carbuncle (B. Anthracinellus, Stephens). Doubtful as a native of Britain. TheTassel (E. tosellus, Stephens). Doubtful as British. 222 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Mkdian(E. merfteWws, Stephens). Near London. TINEA (Hawortii). Tub Black-cloakbi) Wooi.irv (T. fnp--f-rnn, IlAWOaTIl) appeal's in June, in houses; occur , in , i >nir i ins, or woollens ; very abundant in the hides oi mi i m, iriUhcrs of birds. Wings eight lines to nine lines ami ,i ImIi , in l puir black, but white from the middle to the tip, Ua- NsiiiUia^N soiled with indis- tinct brown spots ; second pair asliy- grey ; body and limbs black ; antenuEe bristle-shaped j head white. But too common every where. The Tawnv Tip (T. semifiihdln, Hawohth). Wings nine lines and a half; first pair pale, or tawny. grey, with the hinder border broadly, and the fringes deeply, tawny; second pair brownish lead coloured, shining ; fringes of uniform colour. Norfolk, and near London. The Dauk Brindlei* Woollen (T. vestlanella, Stephens) appears the beginning of May in houses and closets. Wings seven lines to nine lines and a half, greyish-black, with thick darker clouds, and a paler spot in the middle; head hairy, tawny. Common. Near London f Tmr BaowN noTTKD Woollen (T. fuscipunctella, IlAwoRTn), Found with the last. Wings half an Inch to seven-twelfths, a-shy-grey, with about four black scattered spots on the disc. Near London. The Single Spotted WooLi.KN iT. pellionelln, HAWoarn). Wings five lines to six lines and a half, ashy-brown, shining, with a brown spot behind the middle. Near London. Thk Many Spotted Yellow {T. tiii^ripunctella, Haworth). Wings five lines to five lines and a half; first pair tawny, much spotted with black, the spots generally forming bands; head hairy, tawny. Very uncommon. Near London. The WniTK-spKCKLKn Black (T. alhiputirft-lf't. Uaworth). Wings five lines and a half; first pair alinust blue!';, incj^nlarly clouded with minute white dots and lines ; sctDiid p:iir black, shining, with large blackish fringes. Very mwromintin. Near London. The Triple Spotted Bupp (T./lavescentcllei, Haworth). Wings seven- twelfths of an inch ; first pair very pale yellow, with three indistinct -brown dots; second pair wliitish, with a tinge of yellow ; head hairy, tawny; palpi pale -yellowish. Very rare. The Triple-spotted Yellow (T. Lw;>pt'//rt, Haworth) fre- quents moist grassy places. Wings half nn inch to seven- twelfths; first pair yellowish, with two cross contiguous deep- black dots before, and one behind the middle ; second pair pale brown; head hairy ; palpi black, yellow at the tip. Very un- Near London. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 223 The Si/LPiiuR (T. sulphurella, HAwonrn) appears in Novem- ber, about oaks. Wings five Hues to five lines and a half; first pair narrow, somewhat hooked, sulphur-yellow, rather sprinkled with brown. Very uncomraon. Near London. TiiK Dkstroybr (T. Destnictor, Stbpijkns). The first pair of wings of a yellow-brick colour, without spots; the second pair of an ashy-grey-brick colour ; all the fringes of a yellow- brick colour ; the forehead tawny. Common, and very destruc- tive in Museums of Natural Histoiy. TnB WiiiTB-iiACKED Bi.ACK (T. ustella, Hawortii). Winga five lines and a half; first pair deep-black, shining, witli a large yellowish spot in the middle, with a broad common yellowish- white band or fillet from the base to the end ; the edge of the upper edge with some yellowish dots; second pair black, in certain positions with a tinge of purple. Near London. The Mottled Woollen (T. cloaccUa, Hawortii) appears the middle of March. Wings five-twelfths of an inch ; first pair greyish- brown, with two brown spots on the upper edge ; second pair black. Near London. The Mottled Woollen (T. grnnetla, Haworth) appears in July? in houses and hedges. Wings five lines and a half to seven lines; first pair livid, with deep-black and white spots; second pair lead-coloured, greatly fringed on the thinner mar- gin ; eyes black ; head white. Near London. The LioHT-BRiNnLRD W&ollbn (T. parasiiella, Haworth) Wings seven lines and a half to eight lines and a half, cinereous, powdered with white, dotted, and somewhat chequered with pitch.colour. Uncommon. Near London. LEPIDOCERA (Stephens). The Little Bull (L. Tnufelln, Stephens). Wings four lines and a half; first pair brownish. ash, with the hmder margin paler; second pair pale brownisii, with the margin and fringes in some positions darker ; head and palpi very hairy. Very rare. Near London. The Bristle {L.setella, Stephens). Near London. The Miudle-peatuerbd (L. mediopccthiclla, Stephens) appears in fields. Wings five lines; first pair dull- yellowish, clouded with brown ; second pair pale-brown ; antennae black, strongly pectinated in the middle with thickish remote rays ; Ijftlpi large, and thickly clothed with hair. Uncommon. Near London. The Miles (£.. Chenopodietla, Stephens). INCURVARIA (Haworth). Tub Feathered Diamond Back (J. musculella, Stephens) appears the beginning of May, ou hedges. Wings half an incli 224 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. to seven-twelfths ; first pair pitch-black, shininf, with two coni. cal, tiiree-corneretl, snow-wliite spots on the thinner margin ; the first before, and the second, smEiller, beliind the middle ; second pair broyvn ; antennae of the male thickly pectinated, black, with remote hairs. Near London. Tub Fkathbrkd Twin-spot (/. pectinelln, Haworth) ap. pears the beginning of May. Wings half an inch ; first pair of a yellowish-brown, with a whitisb, indistinct, somewhat twin spot before the middle of the thiimer margin, and another single towards the liinder margin ; antennae of the male as in the last. Far more rare than the foregoing. Near London. Ouni.MAN's Twin Spot (/. Oehlmimmella, Stkphens). Wings half an inch to seven-twelfths ; first pair purplish-black, with two common three-cornered pure-white or silvery spots, one befoft, the otlier behind the middle, a snow-white spot on the upper edge, near the tip, and almost opposite the second spot on the thinner margin ; second pair black, shining, with all the fringes black. Uncommon. Near London. Tbk Snow White Spot (/. «/)Ki-i«, Hawobth). Wings seven- twelfths of an inch ; first pair paler, of a less purple hue than the preceding ; two marginal snow-white spots, and a very minute opposite snow-white dot on the upper edge, and more remote from the tip than in the last, in other respects similar. Very rare. Near London. The TRKD1.E-SPOTTBD {/. Irlpunrtella, Stephens). Found about oaks. Wings si.\ lines to six lines and a half, very brown, with three white spots disposed in form of a triangle, rather behind the middle of the first pair, two spots on the upper edge, and a third, somewhat opposite on the tliinner margin. Uncommon. Near London. The Two-spotted Brown ( — . oppositeUn, Haworth) appears in June on hedges. Wings five and a half lines to six lines, smooth, incumbent, obscure brown, with two equal yellow spots, one at the thinner margin, the other opposite on the thicker margin ; second pair brown, spotless, head and corselet of one colour. Not common. Near London. The DouBUK-spoTTEn Brown (— . 4— 7)K>!rf(!(ta, Haworth). Wings half an inch ; first pair brown, with two approximating white spots in the middle, another at the thinner maigin larger, across. More scaixe then the last. Near London. The Double Gold-spottbd (— . mimUeUa, Haworth). Wings four and a half lines ; first pair brown, with two yellow marginal spots; one in the middle of the thinner margin, the other behind the middle, and nearly reacliing the upper edge. Very uncommon. Norfolk. Tub Two Spotted Black (— . arella, Haworth). Wings five lines, all narrow, deep black ; the first pair with two some- what oi)posite marginal spots ; the first is placed rather beliind CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 225 fc'ta^i'n^^ ZZ\fo^' the other in the mid,Ue of the 5lny. With SS„,'""{;iy^,|?,|"-"'. -newhat line"an^''a'iiaIf'"t^t''n»irT'.r'T""' STsriiBNs). Wii.gs three yellow sirots in tlV?i?H n ■^'■-"'''""•ed, with about four minute another in th^f'i'??''''''''^' "}"' "f them is on the upper edge, fourth 5owaJ^,H,„^,"" '"'"■'f'"' «"'ird near the upper edge, i SeNeTLo,,don """**' '""^"'' ««^'=<'n<'Pair brov^Lh. Wry spot on the uppe?edte andi^ °'' ^v™"' with a posterior baseto the posterior nnii.^^",™""'" '"■°="' "'•■'="'' from the Very rare? ^Near TonSo'l!' *'" '"■™'''' "»'<= ^"""^■'^h while. ThK TRIPLK-SPOTTKD VVhITK (— CenKPllr, HmrMimut c,-. ?s'^i[r]:.?Js-jS'-jCe?irS^^^^ Kifg^rinS?'^^^^^^^^^^^ from the base to fh^Jrfn''"™l"'" "''■■" »""■ ""« » brown line thethinnefmifii f,'",'"''' «"'' ""lack spot near the base of c i.iuuiicr margin. Uncommon. Near London. Jidon^""" ^™"""'' ®''''" i-M'nosaia. Stsphens). Near MuoKRio's (-. Megertella, Stephens). TiiiiTniP.i. l-AMPRONIA (Stephens). ^ratTeSr^^dTiTt^lTnn'jt-m^^^^^^^^^^ ttan giiSTrowA '.'^^o*''' "fl"^ ^'"S» "<= ">°^ "' ^ "lael «ef.tr 'uTcommr ''Sent!"' """'^ "•"'" ""^" "•"" "^ " 226 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The Four Spottbd Buown (t. .tiavipunctella, STKPiiENa). Wings five lines to five lines and a half , first pair purplish-pitch CO our, with an oblique interrupted yeUowish band before the middle and two marginal. *"«»'='y ?l>l"°»''f,> J„^lXn S behind the middle ; second pair deep black. Uncommon. Near London. Thb Maboin Dotted {L. margine-punctella, STUpnuNsi. Near London. Thb WiiiTK Spkcklkd Black (t. melanella, Stephens) appears about hcclRes. Wings four ""««. t'>/°" X%S first uair deep-black, with two margmal opposite spots SSore a d t 'v<.l.tlHTs rather behind the middle, white, or snowy, r rnldc aiul Hnxe or foiu minute white dots on the hinder ma?2 1. crinu.K iiKliv-Kvey, oral the edge, deep black with arow of while spots '. Mfond paU- deep-blaek ; head deep black. Very rare. Near Chelsea. Thb Gold Spbcklku Black (L. coHicdla, Stkphkns) fre. ouents gardens. Wings five lines to five lines and a half ; first SaiTdecp black, with about three gold-coloured spots >" the m.d- le of the uppe; edge, remote, equidistant, and two o"'" fold- coloured somewhat opposite spots at the thinner margn, nume- rous very mnute spoL'scatteiedover the disc ; second pair deep black ; head hury. rust-brown. Uncommon. Near Chelsea. The Black Undeb Wino (t. alrMa, Stephens). Near Loudon. The Pale PuEPiK Undeb WiNoCt.suSpxrpureifn, Stephens) Whigs Ave lines one-fourth to five lines three -fourths, spoa^s; first lair gold-coloured; second pair purplish-brown. Coornbe Wood. Tub PunPLE Under Wino (L.purpurella, Stephens) appears in February. Wings foui- liacs three-fourths to five hues, first pair bright purple, with minute scattered whitish spots i.ost ■ - Srly and acommon whitish band-like spot towards the posUr.or MgleTsecond pair brown, with the tip, in certain situaUou>, piwplish brown-golden. Very rare. Near London. The Gold Biundled Purple (L. miropurjmrclltt, Stephens). Wings five-UvcKths of an inch; first pair bright reddish -purple, thieiay sprinkled with golden dots and spots; second pair brown, with the edge towards the tip, m some positions, of a pur- plish goWeii tint. Very similar to the preceding. Very rare. Kent. The Red Gold (L. ruhro-aurdlii, Stephens). Wing fom lines th?ee-fourths ; first pairred or purplish-golden, « l>"stcnor Kold-coloured spot, in which is a minute brown dot, in the nild- Se of the thinlier margin another golden spot , second pair purplish-golden, variable. Very rare. Near London. The Red Barrkh Gold (i. Helwigella, Stephens) appears the end of May. Wings one-Uiird of an inch; first pair deep- CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 227 goltl colourcil, with four equidistaDt purplish-red bands, the ilrst at the base, the second slightly arched before the middle, the third behind and forked at the upper edge, the fourth at the hinder border, united to the third near the thinner maririn fringes brown ; second pair coppcr-biown, especially behind the middle. Very uncommon. Kent. Tfib SCAHI.KT Baiiukd Goi.n (t. saiiguiuella, Stkphbns.) Per- haps a variety of the la,st. Winffs one-third of an inch ; first pair pure yellow, or of a brigrht golden hue, with four blood-rcd- bauds, the first and second disposed as in the preceding, the tluru torked at the thinner margin, and entire at the upper edge • fourth at the hinder border, distinct from the tliird : fringes gold coloured or brown ; second pair without the purple hue; hinder wings stronger, and much paler Uian in the last. Near London. ^^T.^H^"*"/'-. '''''■'''"'""• Hawoiitii}. Wings three lines one lourth ; hrst pair golden, shining, with two straight silvery streaks; second pair shining with golden; body minute, black • autcnna; short. Karc. Near London. Tan Pi.KAs.tNr Gold (i.umieneKu.SrBPUKNS). Near London. THBSlLviiR-8raii.EuGoi,» (t.Ais«nVeHa, Stbphe.vs). Wings one.fourth of an inch. Very simUar to but distinct from, the last, the hrst pair of wings not so golden, with the silvery streaks rather arched, the lait bclUnd the middle; second paii brown or dull lead-coloured, shining, without the golden hue. Very rare. Near London. Tub Drop Gold (— . auroguttella, Stephens). Near London. GRACILLARIA (Haworth). Tub Nlinui.ous Sle.vuhk (O. neiulm, HAWORTn) appears in spriDg ; common about hedges. Wings four lines and a half to five lines ; first pair ashy-grey, with lafge black clouds, black bands on the upper edge, and interrupted whitish streaks. Near Loudon. The Turkkv's Fkather (O. llelmgripejinetla, STEeuExs). Wings three lines and a half; first pair ashy-grey, the tip with an cycUke deep black dot. Very uncommon. Near London. The CoNFit'ENP Bar V. (O. anastomosis, Haworth) found among hedges. Wings four lines and a half to five and a half, pale, with four or five strong reddish bands. Variable. Coombe Wood. The Double Barreh Sle.vuer (O. cinerea, H.\wortb). Wmgs five hues and a half; first pair very narrow, with two or Ihree narrow, obliiiue, equidistant brown bands, the la.'^t rather behind the miildle, more indistinct and slightly inteiTiii)ted, leav- ing a round brown spot near the thinner margin ; second pair brown, or pitch-brown. Uncommon. Coombe Wood. Tub Ykllow V (G. V—flum, Haworth). Wings four lines to lour lines and a half; first pair very narrow, brown, with the (J 'J 228 CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. letter V-like mark yeUow, and when the wings arc expanded prostrate and^ incurved yellow band towards the I'^d" mar; ^-[nTseeind pair tawny-brown ; head yeUow , corselet bnlhan lold-coloured; hinder shanks very hairy. Very rare. Near London. Thb Chanobabik lO.versicolor, Hawobtu). Wings one-tlilrd of M inch tat pair linear, in some situations variable, with the etotawi,y, golden, copper, and green, hinder shanks very hafi^. Verhaps a mere variety of the preceding. Near London. The OBScuiiE-STRlPEn (0. mhsMga, HAWOttTn). Wings four lines andahaJfi first pair brownish-red, with about tour some. wS ^giU!i:indlstinct.equidistant, whitish streaks, black onthe iliner edgei sMond pki? lead-brown, shining. Uncommon. Coombe Wood. Thk Semi-whitb Bab (G. sem./M««, Hawobtu). Wlngsfive lin^e" and a h"lf, ashy-purplc with <\fe^X^fr^\^^ln^l bar on the upper edge, oblique inwardly, and white spots on the upper edge. Uncommon. Near London. Tmf Tbianole-mabked Pubpi-e (G. purpurea, HAWOBTll). Wings seven twelfths of an inch, all bright-, first l«"r Purplc, with a three. cornered central half band on the upper edge, pes- teriorVwhfte, L»l half another -. second pair dull brown. Very uncommon. Near London. Thk TRiANOi.E-MAttKED Rkd (G. Htigmatellc, Stephens) ap- ££;-^!i^. Sa{Sr=^rerp«fZi;S^ toe upper edge, posteriorly notched. Neai- Chelsea. THE TBiANOi-E MARKED BuKF (G. ochrucca, Hawoetr). Wtags six Unes and ahalf; first pair pale y''"»y.7"h a central three-cornered whitish band, posteriorly notched. Very rare. Near London. ^ , Thvnubeho's (G. ThunbergMa, Stephens) frequents oaks. WinVl Ave lines and a half to six lines; first pair of a gold r„w shMng, ^th a puTple blotch at the base, and a large l.urp"e"spot towards the tip ; second pair golden BPOtless , body smtOl, yeUow, with the back of the abdomen black ; antennie short, black. Not very uncommon. Near London. THE Mottled Red (G. he,nid,wlyMlaSTEynK^s)Srcqnent^ oaks Wings two-thirds of an inch; tot P"","- 1""S*»^,: J'^, • ™rt with alare-c oblinue, darker band at the base, withaeen- Jr-S'sVo" ?hf tip, i^Xmerous dots chestnut red on the upper edge ' second pair lead-coloured. Coombe Wood. The Rufous Slender (G. ruflpennella, Stephens). Neu London. THE Plain Rku (0. etongella, Stephens). Wings seven Imra and" hair , first pair red, with two indistinct brown sh dote n the middle, placed one behind the other , antenna! whitish, very simCto 6. hemidactyMla. of which it is, perhaps, a mere variety, or difference of sex, but smaUcr. CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 229 The Violacbous Slbndrr {Q. violacea, Haworth). Wings five lines and a half; first pair purple-violet, clouded with deep- black purplo. Closely resembling the lost, but smaller, and strongly clouded. Very uncommon. Near London. Thb Livid Slender (6. roseipennclla, Stephens) appears in woods. Wings half an inch ; first pair pale livid, with an indis- tinct purplish tinge, two oblitjue cross dots before, and two likewise cross behind the middle, the edge with various scat- tered brown dots, the rim of the upper edge also thickly dotted with brown; second pair as in the preceding ; antcnntc brown. Near London. TuK White Slender (G. /cwcape/mc/Za, Stephens). The Poplar Slender {G. prceangitsta, Haworth) appears in May, frequents poplars, and occurs in gardens. Wings six lines and a half; first pair ashy-grey or ashy-brown, with the upper edge paler at the base, in the middle of the wing deep black lines, then indistinct, and disposed in an interrupted streak; second pair brown, with very long fringes. Common. ALUClTIDyE (Leacu). PTEROPHORUS {Gkopfrov). The Larob White Plume {Pt. pentadactylus, Fabricius) "appears the middle of June, on banks, where nettles abound. Wings one inch one-twelfth, open, cleft, divided into five spaces, snow-white, with the fifth digit distinct. Abundant.'* Near London. [Pt. spilodactj/lus, Stephens). Very The Grey Wood Plu.mb (Pt. bipunctidactpljis, Haworth). '* Frequents woods. Wings el even- twelfths of an inch -, first pair forked, ashy grey, with an incisure one line and a half long, the segments parallel, above a pair of black dots, distinct from the tip of the wing, the intervals of one line and two thirds, and another smaller dot in the same place, remote from the base and other dots ; second pair forked, rust-brown, shin- ing ; abdomen of one colour, with the second wings having two silvery lines on the back, two on the sides, but not reaching as far as the middle, and two below these again ; a black line on the sides near the abdomen. Very uncommon." The Brown Wood Plumb {Pt, fuscodactyius, Curtis). " Occurs in woods. Wings five-sixtlis of an inch to eleven- twelfths, brown, spotless j first pair narrow at the base, forked as far as the third part; second pair three-forked, with the third digit separate ; abdomen longish, slender, rather thick in the middle; legs white, nearly silvery ; antcnnce half the length of the body, in Haworth's specimens the first wings are brick- brown, with an indistinct darker spot at the incisure. Common." Near London. U'iO CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. The CnmniOK Pii'mk (Pt. ptei-ottarfplvs, FAiinifii's; "ap- pears in October, ftnd frequents gardens, shrubs, and woods. Wings one inch eleven twelfths ; first pair forked, heavy, erred ; second pair divided into three, brown. Variable." Near I^ondon. Thk llOAiiv Plumk (Pt. monodactijhift, Haworth). " Found on banks. Wings nine lines and a half ; first pair heavy, refuse, with an indistinct fissure ; second pair divided into three, brown. Very rare." Near London. CuRTis's Plumk {Pt. tephradactylus, Curtis). Near London. Thk DiMov Whitk Plume {Pt. tridnctylus, Fabkicius). " Wings nine lines ajid a half, cleft; first pair forked, and pure white ; second pair three-forked, brown. Very Near London. The Whitk Shapted Plume {Pt. teiradaettilvji, Haworth) •' found on banks. Wings nine lines and a lialf ; first pair cleft, pale, with white lines 3 legs white. Very uncommon." Near London. Thb Small Lbmon Plumb (-P^ ciMdactj/tus, Haworth). Thb Buff Plumb (Pt. ochroductylus, Curtis). Thk Spottkd Whitk Plumk {Pt. gufuctodactylvs, HaworthV " Wings eleven -twelfths of an inch, snow-white; first pair cleft, spotted with brown. On hedges. Very uncommon." Near London. Thk LKMO^f Plumk {Pt. lexicodactylm, Curtis). "Wings nine lines and a half; first pair forked, pale sulphur-yellow ; se- cond pair divided into three, brown; fringes brown. Very rare." Neai* London. Thk Crkscknt Plume {Pt. tnneEdactylu8, Curtis). "Wings eleven-twelftlis of an inch ; first pair forked, dull brown, imma- culate, with a yellowish- white crescent-shaped, or slightly ai"ched band near the fissure ; second pair divided into three, brown. Uncommon '• Kent, and Dareuth Wood. The Palb Plume (Pt. pallidactylus, Cvrtis). " Wings one inch J first pair forked, pale-yellow, with clouds of a darker hue ; second pair divided into three, pale yellow-brown." Near Lon- don. The Chalk-pit Plumk (Pt. miffadactt/fva, Faoricius) " fre- quents chalky districts. Wings one incli} firstpair forked, whitish, spotted with brown ; second pair divided into three, brown ; legs white, spotted with brown ; body white. Very uncommon." Near London. Thk Livid Plumb (Pt. phaodnctylus, Curtis). Near London, Thb Triangle Plumk (Pt. trigonodactylus, Curtis) "ap- pears the end of Au.cust, about bushes, in chalky places. Wings five-sixths of an inch ; first pair forked, pale, with a tinge of CONSPECTUS OF MOTHS. 2^1 bviflf-colour, and a posterior three-cornered brown spot on the upper edge J second pair divided into three, pitch-brown." Near London, Thb Rosk Plumk {Pt, rhododactijlits, Fabbicius) " appears in gardens, about rosea. Wings flve-sixths of an inch ; first pair cleft, yellow, darker at the base, with two white streaks ; second pair divided into three, with two anterior yellowish lobes, a third wliite, with a large rust-brown spot before the tip ; body rust- brown, with the sides of the corselet yellowish." Neai- London. ThkBeautipul Vhvv\K{Pt.calo{Uictylus,Y\n\\ic\vs). "Wings nine lines and a half; first pair ashy-brown, darker at the tip with a large yellow spot, inner margin indented, hinder margin cleft; second pair three-forked, blaek ; legs ringed with white. Occurs about bushes, but very uncommon." Near London. The Marblkd Plumk {Pt. tesseradactyluSt Fabricius). " Wings nine lines and a hsUf ; first pair forked, clouded with ashy-grey ; second pair clouded with brown. Very rare." Near London. Thk BRiNni,R» Pi.UME {Pt. punctidaciylns, Curtis). "Wings nine lines n\n\ a Imif; first pair forked, asliy-grecn, clouded with whitish, witli niumnms dots on the upper edge, an indistinct postcrini- ^tri-;ik, wliitc; second pair divided into three, deep black. Very rare." Near Loudon. Thb Spottbo Rusty Plumk {Pt. didactylus, Lbacu). " Wings eight lines and a half, open; first pair rust brown, half-forked, sharp, some white streaks or patches, hinder margin white under thettp; second pair threc-forked, spotted with white; legsringed with wliite. Very uncommon." Norfolk. Thk Spottbd Black Pi.umb {Pt. heferodactylus, Lkach). " Wings eight lines and a half, open, cleft, black, with white spots ; first pair forked ; second pair tluree-forked. Very un- common." Near London. Thb Small Plume {Pt. microdactylus, Curtis), "Wings six lines to si.\ lines and a half, brown, open, with a streak and spots white; first pair forked; second pair divided Into three. Very rare." Kent. ALUCITA CScopOLi). Thk Six-clkft Plumk {At. he.radactyla, Hawokth) "appears early in spring, in houses. Wings seven lines and a half, all open, generally divided into six parta, with numerous rays di- vided at the base ; the fringes as if coherent, and waved with a white and ashy. colour. A very elegant and remarkable spe- cies." Caterpillar feeds on the honeysuckle. " Common." Near London. Thk Poly Plumk (A. potydactyla, HdBNBR). Hawortu's Plumb {A. ptscilodactyla, 3tbphbns}. INDEX. Ifcl's F. 7 IIRIXAS, 124 Gmmlariata, ib. panlaria, ib, VImata, ib, lUOSTOLA, 92 isdepiadis, ib. illuslris, 93 Itiplasia, 92 VrlictB? ib. tiiiiA, 74 jiniperila, ib. CHERONTIA, 24 DOS, ib. ITEBIA, 74 I^mcoXj ib. tlO.lLIA, 141 mrsala, 142 /othctala, ib, Higmata, ib. Imala, ib. mriMta, 141 I'clata, 142 ^larginepunclata, 141 mieala, ib. 'imulata, 142 lubsericeata, 141 '''gularia, ib. "iWu, 95 aprica, 96 Caloris, ib. luctuosa, 95 nigrirena, 96 Solaris, ib. AcOSMKTIA, 97 arcuosa, 98 caiiffinosa, ib. lineola, ib. lutescens, 97 rjtfula, 98 ACBONYCTA, 78 ^fej, ib. auricoma, ib. ciispis, ib. Euphorbia, 80 JSuphrasice, ib, ligustri, 78 megacephala, ib. Menyanthedis, 80 Psi, 79 Rumicis, 80 similis, ib. strigosa, 79 tridens, ib. Adela, 195 cuprella, ib. De Geerella, ib. fasciella, ib. Frischella, ib. Latreitletla,i'j. 234 iNi Panzerella, 196 lieaumerella, 195 Subxella, ib. Sivammerdammella, ib. Robertella, 196 viridella, 195 Admirable, see Alderman T5, 9 Admiral, {I'et. Mus.) see Al- derman H, 10 iEoEniA, 27 Asiliformis, ib. Chrysidiformis, 28 Culiciformis, ib. Cynipiformis, ib. EphemertBformis, 29 Formiciformis, ib. Ichneumoniformis, 28 Mutillmformis, ib. Spheciformis, 27 Stomo.xyformia, 28 Tipuliformis, ib. JEGERIIDJE, 27 Afternoon, 158 Afzelian, 175 Agate, 123 Agi.aia, 36 TflM, ib. AoLossA, 147 capreolatuSj ib. dimidiatus, ib. pinguinalis, ib. Aghoteka, 148 costalis, ib. AOROTIS, 50 aqua) 51 annexa, ib. aquilina, 52 corticea, 50 cinerea, 53 cuneigera, 52 dtibia, 53 Exclamationis, ib. fumosa, ib. Hortorum, ib. lineolata, 52 luiiigera, 50 nebulosa, 53 nigricans, t6. obeliscata, ib. ocellina, 52 pupiHaitt) ib. radia, 51 radiola, ib. ruris, 53 sagillifera, 52 Segetum, 51 subgolhica, 53 suffjisay 51 Tritici, 52 valligera, 51 oenosa, 52 Albinella, 225 Albin's Ilampstead Eye, see Hampstead B, 10 Albin's, 225 Alcis, no consobrinaria, 112 consortariay 111 destrigaria, ib. fimbriaria, 112 muraria, 111 piperilaria, ib. repandaria, 110 rhomboidaria , 1 1 1 roboraria, ib. sericearia, ib. Alchemist, 99 A Icon B, 18 Alder, 79, 105 Alder Leaf. 202 Alderman 15, 10 Alexis B, 18 Alpine White B, 5 Almstrjcmer's Straw, 188 Ai-uciTA, 231 hexadactyla, ib. pacilodaclyla, ib. folvrlnctl/lll, ib. {lilClflDJE, 229 laMliiAMs, 10 Alalunta, ih. iui'iiirMiA, 63 fpamidea, ib. illlPllISA, 158 Gerningiana, ib. Walkeri, ib. ISNACAMPSIS, 18ii affinis, ISO ttlbinmculea, 192 iiltrUa, ib. iillrnirlta, ib. mgustella. ib, aspern, 190 alra, 191 Beliilea, 189 einerclla, ib. tmligua, 190 dccorella, 191 diffinis, 190 dodecella, ib. dmestica, ib. fahescens, 192 fuscencens, ib. piltifmi, 191 inhueri, 190 nUrnijttella, 192 Juiiiiiere/Itt, 188 ladeella, 190 Lislerel/n, 189 l(tJi(f}rtirniSj ib. liidiirUu, 191 '"(»)TO, 189 madclla, 191 iiarmorea, ib. Mouffettella. 190 wJi/fea, 189 nijra, 190 niuri/a, 191 Populella, 189 pofima, 191 padiijmncta, 192 EX. 235 rhombella, 189 rnsticella, ib. sarcitclla, 190 scguax; 191 subcinerea, 189 snbroseUj 191 Tremella, ib. Iricolorella, ib, Anaitis, 124 plugiata, ib. Anauta, 95 cordigera, ib. Heliaca, ib. Myrlilli, ib. Anchoret, 31 ANCHVLOPinA, 166 biarcuatia, 167 dlminutana, 166 fractifusciana, ib. funalana, ib. Lundanay ib, obtusana, ib, retusana, ib. siculajtUf ib. subuncana^ ib. uncana, 167 unculana, 166 ANOIillONA, 107 Prunaria, ib. Angle-barred Single Dot, 165 Angle Shades M, 89 Ang le.sttipe JM , or A iigle-striped Sallow, 84 Angle-striped Single Dot, 165 Angled Carpet, 119 Angled Oak, 106 Angled Thorn, 106 \nia, 144 emarginata, ib. iimbatay ih. Amsoptu'vx, 102 JEsculariay ib, leucophcuriaj ib, \nonialous M, 98 236 Ant-hawk, 29 ANTimocEnA, 22 Filipendulce, 23 Hippocrepidis, ib. Loti, 22 Meliloti, ib. Peucedani, 23 Scabiosce, ib. Trifolii, 22 Anticlea, 122 Berberata, ib. derivataj 123 rubidata, 122 sinuata, ib. Antique Muslin, 45 Antithesis, 159 Betuletana, 160 coTlicana, 159 fjentianaana, IGO marginalia, ib. vblongana, ib. Pruniana, ib. pullana, ib. Salicella,ib. (ripunctana, ib. Antler, 50 Apamea, 71 didyma, 72 fibrosa, 71 / — niger, 72 nictitans, 71 oculea, 72 ophiogramma, ib. rava, ib, secalina, ib. unanimis, ib. Apatura, 11 Iris, ib. Apatela, 78 Aceris, ib. Bradyporina, ib. fjCporina, iL. Aphelia, 169 egenana, ib. egestana, ib. expallidana, 170 plagarm, ib. pauperana, 169 ApLOCEHA, 136 ctEsiata, ib. fiavicinctata, ib. April, 75 April F. See Silver Spot F, 7 April Fritillary. SeeSilvcrSpot F, 7 April F, with few spots. See Prince F, 7 Aquatic Veneer, 218 Arched, 169 Arched Wainscot, 87 Archer's Dart, 51 AncTiA, 42 aulica, 43 Caja, 42 Hebe, 43 matronula, 42 purpurea, 43 villica, 42 ARCTIIDJE, 39 arella, 224 Argent and Sable (Harr.) See Spear Beauty, 125 Argentine, 209 Argus Blue B, SeeAiionB, 18 AnoYNNis, 7 Adippe, 8 Aglaia, ib. Charlotta, ib. Lathonia, 7 Niobe, ib. Paphia, 8 AnOYROLEPIA, 182 (Bneana, ib. Baumanniana, 183 Bentleyana, 182 decimana, 183 gemmann, 182 Lalhoniana, ib- lesserana, ib. Turionana, ib. Iroviiomigus, 200 Alnifoliella. 202 Blancardella, 200 Cmjlifoliella, 202 Cramerella, ib. cuculipenella, ib. Cydoniella, 201 Harrisella, ib. iortella, 202 Klemauella, 201 Mespilella, ib. Mi/Uerella, ib. obscurellaj 202 Rai/ella, 201 nifipvnctella, 202 Schreherella, 201 sylvella, 202 Iri/asciella, 201 tmtrigella, ib. AnoYnosiiTiA, 200 tturifasciella, ib. imrivittella, ib. GcedartellUy ib, I. V-ella, ib. I. W-ella, ib. lilerella, ib. semifasciellay ib. Ahgviiotoza, 181 Bergmanniana, ib, Conwat/ana, 182 Daldorfiana, ib. Hoffmanseggiana, ib. permixtana, ib. mbaurantiana, ib. Arid Veneer, 218 Arion B, IB Atran Brown B, V^ Anow, 52 Asellus, 45 Ash-coloured, 177 Ash-grey, 189 Ash Tree, 99 EX. 237 AsoFiA, 148 flamealis, ib. Aspen F, 7 AspILATESj 116 citraria, ib. gilvaria, ib. purpurariUf ib. respersaria, ib. Associate, 213 Augur, 54 August Oak, 105 Aurelian's Plague. See Goose- foot, 117 auritella, 210 Aduotine, 209 Autumn Border, 130 Autumn Carpet, 126 Autumn Green Carpet. See Autumn Carpet, 126 Autumnal Dagger, 196 Autumnal Rustic, 50 Awned, 194 Azure Blue B, 17 B Banded Brown, 12, 13 Banded Iron, 174 Bapta, 136 bimaculata, ib. punctata, ib. Barberry Carpet, 122 Barred Arches, 66 Barred Blotch-back, 159 Barred Chestnut, 55 Barred Dwarf, 183 Barred Marble, 183 Barred Minor, 73 Barred Nettle, 171 Barred Ked, 108 Barred Rustic, 50 Barred Sallow, 85 Barred Straw, 123 238 INI Barred Vellow, 119 Barred Umbre, 113 Barred Veneer, 218 Barred White, 200 Bath White B (Lew.) See Koclcet B., 4 Baumaniiian, 183 Bay-shouldered Button, 170 Beautiful brindled Brown, 191 Beautiful Carpet (I/aw.) See Clifden Carpet, 125. Beautiful China Mark, 150 Beautiful Crescent, 168 Beautiful Grey, 172 Beautiful Hook Tip, 144 Beautiful Knot-horn, 214 Beautiful Marble, 167, 191 Beautiful Plume, 231 Beautiful I'ug, 132 Beautiful Snout, 145 Beautiful Swift, 29 Beautiful Underwing, 95 Bedford Blue 15, 17 Bedstraw Carpet, 1 19 Bee Fly Hawk, '27 Bee Hawk, ib. Beech, 33 Belle ( Harr.) See Lead Belle, 116 Bentleyan, 182 Bergmannian, 181 Bilberry, 62 Birch, 169 Birch Long-cloak, 160 Birch Mocha, 114 Bird's Wing, 63 Bishop, 80 Bisrov, 104 Beiuiarius, ib. hirtarius, ib. Prodromarius, ib. Black Annulet, 129 Black Arches, 40 Black Back, 221 Black-border, 162 Ulack-bordered Blue. See Kent Blue B, 18 Black C, 56 Black Chestnut, 63 Black Cloaked, 161 Black-cloaked Woollen, 222 Black Clouded, 192 Black Crescent F, 6 Black Double-blotched, 173 Bluck-dolted White, 191 Black-edged Marble, 162 Black Feather, 208 Black Fringe, 204 Black Hair Streak B, 15 Black-headed Pygmy, 205 Black Heath, 101 Black Kidney, 96 Black Lackey, 48 Black Mountain, 101 Black Neck, 98 Black Quaker, 53 Black Rustic, 50 Black Silk Pug, 132 Black-speckled Grey, 189 Black Spot Brown. See Browi Argus B, 19 Black Spotted, 55 Black-spotted Brimstone, 19- Black-spotted White, ib. Black-sprigged Green, 179 Black-streak Veneer, 218 Black-stripe Edge, 163 Black Thorn, 31 BlackThornHairStreak B, 1 J Black Tussock, 40 Black Under-wing, 226 Black V, 41 Black Van, 113 Black Veined, 124 lilack-veined While B (Ilan:) See Hawthorn B, 5 Blackamoor, 73 Blancard's, 200 looJ Vein, 115 lossom 'rip, 97 llossom Under-wing, 58 iloicli-liacked Grey, 165 edUrab, 171 lloiclied Kmerald, See Maid of Honour M, 110 Jlue B {Harr.) Sec Alexis B, 18 Hue Argus B {Wilkes). See Alexis B, 18 Hue Border, 125 Hue-bordered Carpet (Haw.) See Blue-border, ib, llue-speckt U. See Azure Blue 17 llueSpcckt B, with black tips. See Azure Blue B, ib. Want Angled Carpet. See Angled Carpet, 119 Bunt's Flat Body, 187 Blunt Veneer, 218 Blunt-winged Blotch-black, 166 Blunt-winged Knot-horn, 214 O.IRMIA. 1 12 .Uielaria, ib. cfmsonaria, ib. crepuscular itty ib. etiersaria, 113 fwwtularia, ib. itrigularia, ib, tetragonarin, 112 Bceberian, 165 Bolton's Beauty. SeeOsier,83 "iMBVCIA, ib. ViminaliSi ib. iOMBYCIDJE, 36 Bordered Beauty, 115 Bordered Checquer, 144 Bordered fan-looted Wave, 140 Bordered Green, 155 ndereJ Grey (Haw.). See Grey Heath, 102 irdered Lime Speck, 135 :x. 239 Bordered Long-cloak, 160 Bordered November (flaw.) See Autumn Border, 130 Bordered Pearl, 152 Bordered Sallow, 95 Bordered Skipper B, 21 Bordered Straw, 95, 210 Boidered White, 102 Boscan, 178 BoTvs, 151 forficalisy ib. Urticata, ib. Bow, 32 BUADYEl-ETIS, 115 amaiaria, ib. Brumble M. See Dock M, 80 Branched Holly, 175 Branched Streak, 176 Branderian, ir)7 Brass Pug, 132 Breeze Hawk, 27 BllEl'HA, 100 notlta, ib. Parlhenias^ ib. Puella, ib. Brick, 59 Bride, 99 Bride Wald, 49 Bridge, 167 Bright Annulet, 129 Bright Oblique Dart, 159 Bright-specked Gold, 201 Brimstone M, 107 Brimstone Butterfly. See Prim- rose B, 1 BtindleM ( Wilkes.) See Win- ter Beautv, 103 Brindle-barred Yellow (Haw.) See Vellow-brindled Bar, 131 Brindled Beauty, 104 Brindled Brown, 190, 191 Brindled Ermine, 199 Brindled Flat Body, 187 240 INI Brindled Green, 77 Brindled Grey, 112 Brindled Marble, 183 Brindled Plume, 231 Brindled Pug, 133 Biindled Straw, 188 Brindled Streak, 113 Brindled White Spot, ib. Bristle, 223 Bristle-horn M, 86 Brixton Beauty, 96 Broad Bar, 32 Broad-barred, 177 Broad-barr'd Knot-horn, 213 Broad-bar, or Broad-barred White, 77 Broad Bordered Under-wing, 49 Broad Chiverned. See Chevron, 123 Broad Streak, 221 Broad-streaked Drab, 170 Broad-streak Veneer, 217 Broken Bar, 166 Broken Barred Carpet, 120 Broom, 69 Broom But-tip (Harr.) See Broom-tip, 130 Broom Egger, 37 Broom Tip, 130 Bronse Bar, 97 Brown Annulet, 129 Brown Argus B, 19 Brown Argus B. See Speckled Wood B, 12 Brown Blotch-back, 161 Brown-bordered, 162 Brown Brassy, 207 Brown Bright Eye, 60 Brown Brindled, 187 Brown Button, 175 Brown Cloaked, 161 Brown Copper, 207 Brown-dotted Woollen, 222 Brown-edged Veneer, 218 Brown Enfield Eye, SeeSDeoklcH Wood B, 12 Brown Feather, 208 Brown Gold, 193 Brown Green, 207 Brown-grey Pug, 134 Brown Kair Streak B, 14 Brown Heath, 101 Brown Knot-horn, 215 Brown Marbled Carpet, Sec Deep Carpet, 121 Brown Meadow Eye. See Mea- dow Brown B, 13 Brown Muslin, 44 Brown Pinioned Brocade, 6? Brown Hustle, 60 Brown Scollop, 127 Brown Silver Lines, 127 Brown Spot Pinion, 58 Brown Streak, 192 Brown 'I'ail, 42 Brown Tunbridgc Grayling. See Grayling B, 12 Brown-veined, 186 Brown Wall B, 12 Brown Wood Plume, 229 Brunette, 55 Brush-foot, 98 Brussels Lace, 110 Bnvoi'inLA, 80 glundifera, ib. perla, 81 Buck-bean, 80 Buff Arches, 81 Buff Argus, 115 Buff Argus (Z)ort.) See Blood Vein, 115 Buff-blotched, 208 Buff-edged, 176 Buff-edged Rosy Veneer, 21.i Buff Feather, 208 Buff Lackey, 47 Buff Notch Wing, 180 Buff Plume, 230 211 Buff Pug, 133 BuffStraw, 193 Bull Tip, 30 Buff-while Slioulder, 226 Bulrush, 86 BUPALUS, 102 Piniarius, ib. Burnished Urass or Burnished M, 94 Burnislied Brass Likeness. See scarce Burnished Brass, 94 Bullerfly Kmerald, 108 Buttoned Snout, 145 Si/ringerian, 177 Cabbiige B, 3 Cabbage iW, 70 labbage Bright Line, 69 .ABEnA, 113 exanthemata, 114 pusaria, 113 ntundaria, 114 )lLLlMOnPHA, 46 JacobacB, ib. rosea, ib. luOCAMPA, 65 txoleta, ib, vetusta, ib. JT.0P1IASIA, 91 LinaritB, ib. iloric, 96 U.OT/ENIA, 93 riridis, ib. nvnitA, 82 libalrix, ib. imberwell Beaoty B. See Wil- low B, 9 iJip^A, 108 Margaritata, ib. unpion, 68 Camptooramma, 128 bilineattt, ib. Canary, 105 Canary-slioiildered Thorn See Alder, 105 Capilahia, 196 pubicornis, ib. Tesaerellu, ib. Caradiuna, 60 Ahines, 61 ambigua, 60 cubicularis, 62 glareosa, ib. implexa, 61 l(Bvis, ib. Morpheus, ib. redacta, ib. Sepii, ib. sordida, ib. superstes, 62 Carpet M. See Cloaked Car- pet, 120 Carbuncle, 221 Carmelite, 34 Cari'ocapsa, 169 arcuajiu, ib. Carrot Hawk, 26 Catei'hia, 99 leticomelas, ib. trifasciata, ib Catocala, 99 conjuncia, 10 elocata, 99 Fraxini, ib, Nupta, ib. Pacta, ib. promissa, 100 sponsa, 99 Cei.^na, 73 Ilibernica, 74 Lancea, 73 leucographa, ib. renigera, ib. 242 iNt Celma, 124 imhutata, ih. Central Silver Bar, "205 Centre-stripe, 152 Centre-bar M, or Centre-barred Sallow, 85 Centre Killet, 176 Cekigo, 49 texta, ih. Cebopacha, 82 dilula, ib. duplaris, ib. flavicorxiis, 83 fluctuosa, 82 octogesima, ib. Or, ib. riilem; 83 Cehura, 31 arcuala, 32 bicuspis, 31 bifida^ 32 ermineUf 33 furcula, 32 fuscinula, ib. integra, ib. latifascia. ib. Vinula, ib. Cerusella, 225 Chalk Carpet, {Haw.) 125 Chalk Carpet, 117 Chalk-hill Blue B, 18 Chalk-pit Plume, 230 Chamomile Shark, 91 Changeable, 228 ClIAONIA, 35 Dodonea, ib. quernea, ib. lioboris, ib, ClIAR^^S, 50 JEthiops, ib. Cespitis, ib. conjinis, ib. fuma, ib. Graminis, ib. CHARICt.EA, 92 Delphinii, ib. CiiAnissA, 128 dilucidaria, 129 obscuraria, 128 operaritty 129 pidlata, ib. serotinaria, ib. Chequered (ivey, 177 Chequered Notch-wing, 180 Chequered Pebble, ib. Chequered Skipper U, 20 Chequered Straw, 154 Chequered Veneer, 218 ClIElMATODIA, 131 rupicapraria, ib, vulgaris, ib. CllEIMArOPIllLA, 181 castaneana, ib. Chelauia, 193 rhomboidella, ib. Cherry Leaf, 203 Cherry Leal' Roller, 156 CllES.AS, 129 oblipiaria, 130 Sparliala, 129 Chestnut, 58 Chevalier, 71 Chevron, 123 Chevron {Don.) See Broom- tip, 130 Ciino, 218 eaudellus, 219 forjicellus, 218 fumeus, 219 gigantellus, ib. PhragmiteUus, ib. punoligerellus, ib. Chimney-Sweeper, 136 Chip-axe, 116 Chl(ei'iioua, 155 Fagana, ib. prasinana, ib. CiiLonissA, 109 chraria, I'A. fiilalaria, ib. Ihjmiaria, ib. mridata, ib. Chocolate Tip 31 Chosen, 99 Christcrnian, 186 Chrystaline, 176 ClDADIA, 117 costovata, 119 dull/mala, 117 fermgaria, 118 fiuctuata, 119 implicaritt, 118 latmtaria, ib. miaria, ib. munituta, H7 olivaria, 118 propugnala, 119 (juadrifasciaria, 1 1 8 Salicaria, ib. uiiidentaria, ib. Ciliated, 153 CiLix, 145 mmpressa, ib. Cimbex Hawk, 27 Cinctella, 207 Cinderella, 128 linerella, 193 )inereous Lackey, 47 liiiereous Knot-horn, 213 jnereous Pearl, 153 !innabar Moth, 46 )lay-colourecl, 189 ;iiy Fan-foot, 146 jliy Pearl, 153 !iay Triple Lines. See Triple- line Mocha, 115 'l.EDl;OHIA, 146 albistngalis, 147 ungustalis, 146 liislrigalis, 147 mslts-strigalis, ib. iindulalis, ib. EX. 243 Cleft, 32 Cleogene, 136 niveata, ib. tinctariaf ib. Cleoiia, 110 bajularia, ib, cinctaria, ib, Lichenaria, ib. pictaria, ib. teneraria, ib. viduaria, ib, Clerck's, 203 Clifden Beauty, (Harr. E.v.) See Chalk Carpet, 125 Cliefden Beauty, {Wilkes D.) See Chalk Carpet, ib. Clilden lilue B, 18 Clifden Beauty, 125 Clifden Carpet,(//ar)-.V.M.)i«. Cliefden Carpet, (fKHfes.) See Phoenix, 122 Clifden Nonpareil. See Ash Tree, 99 Clisiocampa, 38 castrensis, ib. Neustria, 39 Cloaked Carpet, 120 Cloaked Mirror, 73 CLOSTEnA, 31 anachoreta, ib. anastomosis, ib, curtula, ib. reclusa, ib. Clouded August Thorn. See Angled Oak, 106 Clouded Border, 1 42 Clouded Brindle, 66 Clouded Brown, 196 Clouded Buff, 42 Clouded Carpet, (^Harr.) See Phoenix, 122 Clouded Drab, 57 Clouded Golden B, 2 Clouded Iron, 159, 185 2 •i'li IND Clouded Lead, 196 Clouded Magpie, 124 Cloud Moth, 53 Clouded Saffron B, 2 Clouded Silver, 136 Clouded Skipper B, 21 Clouded Straw, 181, 193 Clouded Sulphur B, 2 Clouded Yellow B, ib. Clouded Yellow (Haw.) See Clouded Saffron, ib. Clouded Yellow. See Barred Yellow. 119 Cloudy Hog. See Cloudcr,t M. See Smoky Wain- scot, 87 Wainscot Flat Body, 187 Wainscot Hook-lip, 219 Wainscot Tortrix, 21 1 Wainscot Veneer, 219 Wall B, 12 Wall carpet. 111 Wall Uslier, 102 Walkeiiaa. 158 Waned Knot-horn, 213 Water Belony, 89 Water Betony likeness. See Water Betony M, 90 Water Betony Sword Grass. See Mullein M, 90 Water Carpet, 122 Water Ermine, 43 Waved, 147 Waved Black, 101 Waved Carpet, 139 Waved Rustic, 61 Waved Umbre, 1 12 Waved \Vainscol, 88 Wavy-barred Sable, 149 Wavy Drab, 170 Wedge Bar, 52 Wedge Pearl Border. See Sil- ver Spot F, 7 Welted Beauty, 112 Wheat Dart, 52 White Admirable, (Ilarr.) See Honeysuckle B, 1 1 White Admiral B, (/"«'• Pap.) See Honeysuckle B, 11 While B, with preen veins, (Wilkes). See Navew 13,3 White-back, 199 White- Backed, 160 White-backed Black, 223 iVhite Brindled, 154 il'hite Border, 138 iVhite-bordcred, 194 fhitc Bordered B, {Haw.) See Willow IS, 9 I'liite Butterfly with Ijlack veins (Albin). See Hawthorn B, 5 I'liite Button, 176 I'hite Colon, 70 iVhite Dot, 176 Vbite Dotted Black, 191 Ihite Dullidge F. See Glan- ville F, 6 fhile-edged, 209 S'liite Fillet, 176 «'hilc-foot, 161 IVhite-fringe, 181 IVhite Girdle, 115 ' hite Letter, 73 *hite Line, 53 IVhiie-line Black, 70 *hite-line Snout, 147 IVhite-lined Black. See White Girdle, 115 IVIiite IMarbled B, (floii.) See Wood Lady B, 4 ft'liite Marbled Female B, ( Pet. Pap. Var. ? ). See Wood Lady B, 4 *hite Marbled Male B, {Pet. Pap. Var. J ). See Wood Lady B, 4 Vliile May F. (Pel. Pap.) See Yellow Crescent F, 6 ''Mte Billion spotted, .'36 'liiteS:itin Veneer, 216 ^'Hte-shafted Flume, 230 Vliile Shouldered, 178, 220 Vliite Shouldered Woollen, 190 Vhite Sides, 177 ^|liite Slender, 229 *'liile small tipt B, (Pet. Pap. ^