BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE endowment' FUND THE GIFT OF Henrg W. Sage X891 4im.f^ 3./^//m RETURN TO ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY ITHACA, N. Y. Cornell UnlversHy Library RX 671.A92 Botanical materia medica and P*'a™f,!r°'°9 3 1924 003 494 766 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924003494766 BOTANICAL V,, MATERIA MEDICA AND PHARMACOLOGY Drugs Considered from a Botanical, Pharmaceutical, ■ Physiological, Therapeutical and Toxicological Standpoint. S. H.'^URAND, M. D. Lecturer on Botany, Pharmacology and Physiological Materia Medica, and Instructor in Medicine in The Chicago Homceopathic Medical College of Chicago, III. CHICAGO : p. H. mallen company. 1899. Copyrighted BY S. H. AURAND, M. D. 1899. TO DR. H. W. WALES, OF Lanark, III., my good friend and former preceptor, this little volume is respectfully dedicated, as a token of my appreciation of his substantial friendship during my student days and in the earlier years of my practice. S. H. AURAND. Chicago, Sept. ist, 1899. PREFACE. The only excuse I can offer to the medical profession for the arrangement and compilation of the information contained in this little volume, which comprises the principal practical points of over one hundred of our most useful yegetable drugs, and which instruction, the most of it, may be found scattered throughout other text books i^, that we might have in condensed form these important and practical points of drug knowledge, which must be of great value alike to the student and the practitioner. I have long felt the Want of a reference book containing the information which I have gathered for this little work. While delivering two courses of lectures in The Chicago Homoeopathic Medical College, upon the general subject of Botany, Pharmacology and the Fundamental Principles of Drugs, the students repeatedly requested me to arrange the subject matter of my lectures into a form so that they could have them for practical reference. Then, too, I was stimulated to this effort by having repeat- edly propounded to me such questions as these : " Where can we get a text book which contains the points of your lectures?" and "Why don't some one arrange these points in practical book form, so that we might have something to study, and not be compelled to search a whole library to find them?" To me these questions were pertinent and forceful, for I had found it necessary to call into service quite a number 6 PREFACE. of volumes from my library in the preparation of my lectures. Some of these authors I have drawn from quite largely, both in the preparation of my lectures and in gathering subject matter for this volume. I wish now to acknowledge my in- debtedness to the authors of. the following works, for I seldom mention them in the body of the work. I have made frequent reference to and freely gleaned from the following books: "Gray's New Manual of Botany," "Culbreth's Materia Medica and Pharmacology," " The American Institute Phar- macopeia," " Millspaugh's Botanical Charts," " Burt's Physi- ological Materia Medica." — In the "Nerve Centers upon which the drug has a physiological action," I have tried to follow Burt very closely, in the subject matter as well as in the general method of arrangement. — " Cowperthwaite's Text Book of Materia Medica," "Hering's Condensed Materia Medica," " Hempel and Arndt's Materia Medica and Thera- peutics," "Hughes Manual of Pharmacodynamics." In looking up " The Range of Physiological Dose," I have used "Shoemaker's Materia Medica and Therapeutics," "Culbreth's Materia Medica and Pharmacology," and "The United States Dispensatory." I am under obligations to P H. Mallen, of 144 Wabash avenue, for the dose of the HomcEopathic tinctures. I wish right here to make a little ex- planation with regard to the apparent discrepancy between the dose, as given throughout the book, of the Homoeopathic tinctures and the other old school preparations : 1st. The tinctures, or other preparations, are not always made from the same parts of the plant. 2nd. The Homeopathic tincture is made with great care, accuracy and cleanliness, according to the Homoeopathic PREFACE. 7 formula, all the minutia in the process being carefully ob- served, and is, therefore, we think, of superior quality. 3d. The dose is made to correspond with the Homoeopathic idea of prescribing tinctures, when greater drug power is needed than the dilutions. For the "Treatment of Poisoning" I have tried to get the gist from a number of text books, but principal reference was made to "Shoemaker's Materia MediCa and Therapeutics," "Culbreth's Materia Medica and Pharmacology," and "H. C. Wood's Therapeutics, Materia Medica and Toxicology." My own note books and several encyclopedias have been freely called into service throughout the entire work. It has been my aim to collect and combine in one little vol- ume these valuable fundamental points of drug knowledge of more than one hundred of our most useful botanical drugs, so that the student as well as the busy practitioner might have them in convenient form for ready reference. To this end I now submit my little task, not without error, to the medical profession. SAMUEL H. AURAND, 720 Washington Boulevard. Chicago, Sept. ist, 1899. I wish to add here what should have appeared in the body of my preface, viz: That I have tried to follow the American Institute Pharmacopeia very closely, especially in the Pharmaceutical pan of my work. Because I think that this Pharmacopeia should be universally accepted and adopted, in this country, as our standard pharmaceutical guide. The part of the plant used for making tincture is, in most instances, copied verbatim, as the quotation marks will show. Under "Medication Recommended" I have deviated a little, in the po- tency of some remedies. S. H. A. Chicago, Sept. 14th, 1899. S. H. AURAND, M. D. My Dear Doctor: I have been much interested in my examination of the MSS. for your forthcoming work on Bo- tanical Materia Medica and Pharmacology which you have so kindly permitted. I think you have made a very happy selec- tion, both of subjects and their arrangement. You have grouped together a series of facts absolutely essential to every beginner in the study of Materia Medica, but which, hereto- fore, it has only been possible to obtain by referring to many volumes. Moreover also the succinct style in which you pre- sent these facts make them very easily understood and ac- quired. No student should think of doing without such a book when it is obtainable, and the practitioner will find it valuable for reference. You deserve great credit for the work you have done. Yours fraternally, A. C. COWPERTHWAITE. ABIES CANADENSIS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBnogamous, or flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS II Gymnosfermce, or naked seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION IW.—Afetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Coniferce and the Pine family. GK^V^.— Abies. SPECIES. — Canadensis. COMMON 1:^KW&.— Hemlock sfruce. Description of Tree. — Abies Canadensis is an evergreen tree which grows to the height of from 70 to 80 feet and is from 2 to 3 feet in diameter. It is straight, has a rough bark and slender, nearly horizontal branches. The twigs are pubescent. The leaves are flat, about I to 2 inches long, green shining above and whitish beneath. They are downy when young. The cones are small, ovoid, terminal, persistent, and the scales are round and entire. Habitat. — It is a native of North America, is found from Canada to North Carolina, in hilly woods. History. — Abies is the classic name, the genus of the fir trees. Canadensis, belonging to Canada. Abies was known in pharmacy as early as 17S9. First mentioned in Homoeopathic literature by Dr. H. P. Gatchellin 1873. lO ABIES CANADENSIS. Part Used for Making Tincture. — The fresh bark and buds. Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids lOO gm* Plant moisture 233 c. c. Strong alcohol 799 c. c*. Drug Power. — j\. *How to Make the Second Dilution. — One psirt tincture and nme parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Abies Canadensis has a Physiological Action. — Abies has at least two special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous membranes. It produces a catarrhal con- dition of the mucous surfaces, especially of the stomach. II. Liver. Sluggish action, lack of secretion. Condition of the Mind. — Very irritable and much fretted. Therapeutic Range Stomach disorders, Dyspepsia, Ca- tarrh, Fever, and other difficulties from indigestion. Range of Physiological Dose. — Abies Canadensis may be used in dose, gr. x — xx. The Homoeopathic tincture may be given in dose gtt. v X. *NoTE.— The Hoinoeopathic tincture when marked thus, i'„ is equal to the firs* decimal dilution. The dilutions above the second are made with dispensing alcohol. ABIES NIGRA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcenogamQus, or -flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \l.—Gymnosfermce, naked seed. DIVISION lll.—Afetalous. NAT. ORDER. — ConifercB, and the fine family . GENUS— ^^?e5. SPECIES.— 7V^?^ra. COMMON ^KWS..— Black Spruce. Description of Tree. — Abies Nigra is an evergreen tree, which grows to the height of from 60 to 80 feet. The leaves are dark green in color, and the cones are ovate and about i to ij^ inches long; they have thin and wavy edged scales. An incision is made into the tree and the gum oozes out very freely. It is almost white at first, but after exposure it turns pinkish, and finally to a brown color. Habitat. — In the New England States to Wisconsin and northward, southward, along mountains. It grows in swamps and cold mountain woods. History. — The Indians used the twigs and cones of Abies Nigra to make spruce beer, which is an American bev- erage. It is a palatable and healthy drink, said to be powerfully antiscorbutic. Some writers say that the discoverers of Canada were cured of scurvy by it, since which time it has been used in Canada, the 11 12 ABIES NIGRA. United States and Europe. I think it is not officinally recognized in any pharmacopeia except the American Institute Pharmacopeia. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The resin." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Abies Nigra gum lOO gm. Strong alcohol looo c. c. Drug Power.— j\. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture and nine parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the first decimal po- potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Abies Nigra Has a Physio- logical Action. — I am not sure that the primary physiological action of this drug has been found, but some specific symptoms have been recorded. It shows at least one special center of action. I. — Mucous Membranes. Especially of the stomach. It causes deranged digestion and all the consequent phenomena. Condition of the Mind. — Very low spirited and melan- choly. The patient is nervous and unable to think or study. Therapeutic Range. — Dyspepsia and other difficulties which are the result of indigestion. Range of Physiological Dose. — Abies Nigra may be given in dose — gr. x — xx. The homoeopathic tincture, dose gtt. v — ^x. ACONITUM NAPELLUS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or jleywermg ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—AugiospermcB, inclosed seed- DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Ranunculacece and the Crowfoot family. GENUS. — Aconitum. SVECIE-S.—Napellus. COMMON l^KME.— Monk's hood, Wolfs bane. Description of Plant. — Aconite is a perennial herb. The stem grows to a height of from 2 to 5 feet; it is round, smooth and leafy. The leaves are 2 to 4 inches broad, palmately 3 to 7 divided; they are dark green above, lighter beneath, smooth, shining and petiolate. The flowers are violet blue, large and beautiful; they grow on stalked racemes and on the stem's summit. The root tapers and descends perpendicularly. Habitat. — Siberia, extending to mountainous ranges of the Pacific coast of this country. Naturalized in western part of England and Wales. It grows in wet, shady places in hilly districts. History. — The name Aconite is derived from Aconis, a city of Bithynia, in Asia Minor, also Aeon, meaning a dart, because the darts were poisoned with aconite. It was used by the ancients as a medicine, but later it fell into 13 14 ACONITUM NAPELLUS. disrepute, but was again taken up by Baron Stoerck about tlie middle of the last century. Hahnemann in- troduced it into Homoeopathy in 1805. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The whole plant and mot ir ithered at the beginning of flowering." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture — S )lids 100 gm. Plant moisture 350 c. c. Strong alcohol 683 c. c. Drug Power. — yi^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, two parts water and seven parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Aconite Has a Physiolog- ical Action. — Through the cerebro-spinal nervous systt-m. Burt gives nine special centers of action to aconite. I. — Heart. It produces inhibitory paralysis and the blond pres.sure is lessened. II. — Circulation. It causes vaso-motor paralysis. III. — Temperature. It produces a depression of the temperature and diaphoresis. IV. — Cerebrospinal Nervous System. It causes paralysis V. — Mucous Membranes. In the mucous membranes aconite produces sthenic inflammation. VI. — Stomach. It causes emesis, congestion and neuralgia. ACONITUM NAPELLUS. 1 5 VII. — Lungs. It produces centric vagi paralysis, also congestion and inflammation. VIII. — Tendons and Fibrous Tissues, In these tissues it produces a rheumatoid inflammation. IX. — Serous Jkfemdranes. It produces a plastic inflammation. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — The pains grow worse in the evening and at night; when arising in bed; in a warm room; from motion; tobacco smoke; when the chest is affected cannot lie on the left side ; difficult to take a deep inspiration. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the open air; when sitting still; during the day; after perspiration; rheu- matic troubles during rest; washing in cold water; from acids, wine and coffee. Condition of the Mind. — Great timidity, with much fear of approaching death; excessive restlessness and incon- solable anxiety; weak memory; dull, confused mind; variable mood, sometimes gay and sometimes sad, ail- ments from fright, vexation or anger. Therapeutic Range. — In pure inflammatory fever. It is a good remedy in the first stage of pneumonia; also in pleuritis, bronchitis, meningitis, metritis, cystitis, hepa- titis, enteritis, and in catarrhal difficulties and croup; also in rheumatism, heart difficulties, such as pericar- ditis, endocarditis, angina pectoris, in the eruptive fevers, in fever and congestion from taking cold, diffi- culties resulting from suppressed perspiration, or from l6 ACONITUM NAPELLUS. anger, excitement or fright. In the higher potencies it is a splendid remedy in many nervous difficulties. Aconite should not be forgotten in cases of dysentery. Range on Physiological Dose. — The U. S. P. extract of aconite may be given in dose, from y^ \.o % grain. The fluid extract dose, from -jJj. to j minim. The U. S. P. tincture from j to v minims. The Homoeopathic tincture dose, gtt. ij — ^v. Treatment for Poisoning. — To antidote aconite, tannic acid or some other astringent infusion may be given; ammonia and alcohol for stimulation. Digitalis or the tincture of strophanthus will counteract the depressing effects upon the heart. Atropine hypodermically and inhalations of amyl nitrate may be used with good effect. The stomach should be emptied by the use of emetics or with the pump. Artificial respiration, rubbing with alcohol and the hot pack may be prac- ticed. Electricity, if available, may be needed also. Antidote for Aconite. — Vegetable acids, wine, bella donna, coffea cruda and veratrum viride. ^SCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM. BOTANICAL SERIES. — Phce-nogamous or flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—Angiosferm(B, fistil con- sisting of a closed wary, which contains the ovules and forms the fruit. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. Flora, consist- ing of a corolla, the petals are not united, both calyx with each other. NAT. ORDER. — Safindacecp and the soa^p berry family. GY.'NVS.—yEsculus. SPECIES. — Uippocastanmn. COMMON NAME.— ^orse Chestnut^ Buckeye. Description of Tree. — ^sculus hippocastanum is a large, round-headed tree. It grows to the height of from 40 to 50 feet, and has many branches. The bark is white, tawny and smooth; the wood not very firm. The leaves are opposite, bright green, straight, digitate and ovate; accute and serrate leaflets. The flowers are pink and white ; they grow in pyramidal racemes, and bloom in the month of June. The fruit is large, smooth, mahogany colored, with a large, round, pale scab and grows in a fleshy, prickly shell. Habitat. — It is a native of India, Persia or Northern Turkey, and has been introduced into Britain, France and the United States. 2 17 1 8 ^SCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM. History. — The Horse chestnut was introduced into Europe about the middle of the sixteenth century, where, as well as in this country, it is now cultivated as an orna- mental tree. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice by Dr. Helbig, in 1844. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh, ripe nut, not including outside shell." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 1 20 c. c. Distilled water 280 c. c. Strong Alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Powder. — ^\. How to Make Second Dilution One part tincture, three parts distilled water and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the third decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the' first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which ^sculus Has a Physiolog- ical Action. — Burt says through the cerebro-spinal nervous system it has one special center of action. I. Colon, Rectum and Anus. It produces conges- tion and haemorrhoids. Time and Cause of Aggravation- — In the morning and from any motion; from moving the bowels and from walking; after eating and from breathing deeply. ^SCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM. 1 9 Time and Cause of Amelioration. — While at rest and sometimes cold applications. Condition of the Mind. — Very iritable, low spirited and gloomy; very much depressed and unable to center his thoughts upon anything. Therapeutic Range. — Haemorrhoids and prolapsus ani; congestion of the liver; constipation, dyspepsia, gas- tralgia and leucorrhoea. Range of Physiological Dose. — The fluid extract of assculus may be given in dose, mxx — f3j. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose gtt. xx — xxx. ALGE SOCOTRINA. BOTANICAL SERES I. — Phcenogamous, or flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS 11. — Monocotyledonous, or endogenous growth. NAT. ORDER. — LiliacecR and the Lily family. GENUS — Alee. SPECIES.— 5octfi'r/««. COMMON NAME.— ^/a-. Description of Shrub. — Aloe Socotrina is a shrub, which grows to the height of about six feet. It has a straight woody stem, surrounded with leaf scars. The leaves form in large tufts at the ends of the branches. They are from 15 to 20 inches long, sligjitly concave above and convex beneath, at first curved, then erect, tapering to a spinous point, with spines along the margins. Habitat. — Eastern Africa and the Island of Socotra. History. — Aloe is the name given by the natives, Socotria, for Socotra, an Island east of Africa, its chief habitat. It is supposed that Aloe was known and used by the ancients prior to the Christian era. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice by Dr. Helbjg, in 1833. Part used for Making Tincture. — " The inspissated juice of the leaves." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Inspissated juice 100 gm. Strong alcohol 1000 c. c. ALCE SOCOTRINA. 21 Drug Power y'^ How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon Which Alce has a Physiological Action — It has three special centers of action through the abdominal sympathetic nerves. I. Liver. Producing portal congestion and increased biliary secretion. II. Large Intestines. Especially the muscular coat, producing increased peristalsis. III. Skin. Here Aloe has a slight action producing an eczematous eruption. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the mornings and evenings; from heat and during hot, damp weather; sedentary habits; while standing and after eating; during cold weather, from cold applications, and from discharge of flatus. Condition of the Mind. — Disinclined to mental labor; in fact everything fatigues him ; sometimes the exhaustion is alternated with activity. Therapeutic Range. — Aloe is of great value in diarrhoea, dysentery and hEemorrhoids and bilious diarrhoea. It is of great value also in atonic conditions of the uterus, excessive menstruation, haemorrhages, etc. 22 ALCE SOCOTRINA. Range of Physiological DosE.-^-The U. S. P. extract of aloes may be given in dose, gr. ss — v. The U. S. P. tincture of aloes dose, f 3 ss — f 3ij. The homoeopathic tincture of aloes may be given in dose, 3 ss — 3 j. Treatment for Poisoning. — For poisonous effects from aloe, demulcent drinks should be freely given, and opium used as an internal remedy. Antidote for Alce. — The vegetable acids are the anti- dotes for aloe. Vinegar is one of the best. Sulphur, mustard and camphor are also recommended. APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phcsnogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—AngiospermcB, or inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION H.—Gamofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Apocynaceae, and the Dogbane family . GYM\3^.—Apocynum. SPECIES. — Cannabimim. COMMON ^KM^.— Indian Hemp. Description of Plant. — Apocynum cannabinum is a peren- nial herb, abounding in adhesive milky juice. The stem is purplish, straight and from 2 to 4 feet high, dividing above in long, slender branches. The leaves are opposite and petiolate, [about 2 to 3 inches long and yi inch broad. When young they are downy be- neath. The flowers are greenish white and appear in terminal and lateral cymes. They bloom from June to September. The fruit is in pendulous and slender pods about 3 to 5 inches long. The root is creeping and about 5 to 6 feet long, brownish-gray, longitudin- ally wrinkled and transversely fissured. Habitat. — Canada and the United States, from Maine to Florida. Common in hedges and fields, borders of thickets, on river banks and in moist grounds. 23 24 APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. History. — Apocynum is from the Greek, meaning from a dog, or away with a dog, because it makes away with or kills dogs, hence the family name, dog bane. Canna- binum is derived from the Celtic word can, meaning a reed, and ab, small, because of the strong fibers of its stem-bark, which very nduch resemble the bast fibres of hemp. The Indians prepare a substitute of hemp from its fibre, hence its common name, Indian hemp. The milky juice with which it is replete becomes hard, like opium, on exposure to the air. Dr. Hale intro- duced it into the homoeopathic practice in 1864. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 233 c. c. Distilled water 167 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ji„ . How to Make the Second Dilution. — 0)ie part tincture, three parts distilled water and st?c parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers Upon Which Apocynum Cannabinum Has a Physiological Action. — It has three special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes. It increases the secretion. APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. 25 II. Serous Membranes and Cellular Tissue. It produces oedema or dropsy. III.' Skin. It causes diaphoresis. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night and in the morning; also sudden atmospheric changes. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the middle of the day, and in dry warm weather. Condition of the Mind. — Low spirited, nervous and some- what bewildered. Therapeutic Range. — Apocynum is a splendid remedy in ascites, anasarca and hydrothorax. In fact in all va- rieties of dropsy, both idiopathic and secondary. It is sometimes used with good results in dyspepsia. Range of Physiological Dose. — The fluid extract may be given in dose mv. — xx. * A decoction may be used for the treatment of dropsy in dose f ? ss — j. The homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. xv — xx. ARNICA MONTANA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PJicBnogamous, or flowering flant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS I. — Angiosfermce, inclosed seed BOTANICAL DIVISION W.—Gamofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Comfositce and the conifosite family . GENUS.— ^r/«c«. SPECIES.— i/oMi-wMc. COMMON NAME. — Leopard's bane, Mountain arnica, Mountain tobacco. Description of Plant. — Arnica Montana is a perennial herb. The stem is about one foot high, erect, hairy, rough, striated, either simple or with one pair of oppo- site branches. The leaves are opposite, sessile and about^i^ to 3 inches long; the radical leaves are crowded at the base, the upper ones smaller than the rest. The heads, which are from 2 to 2^ inches wide, are solitary at the summit of the stem and lateral branches. It has a cylindrical involucre, which is dull green with purplish points and hairy. The yellow flowers appear in July and August. The root is blackish, slender, about i to 2 inches long and gives off numerous filiform roots. 26 ARNICA MONTANA. 27 Habitat. — Europe, Germany and Switzerland; also in Northern Asia and in the northwest of North America, among the mountains. It flourishes in moist upland meadows and in cool climates. History. — The name Arnica is supposed to be derived from arnakis, meaning lamb-skin, because of the wooly appearance of its leaf. Montana, from the latin, montanus, meaning mountainous, from its preferred place of growth. Arnica was called '■'■fanacecB laj)sorum" because in the beginning of the last century it was used as a panacea for bruises and contusions. The whole plant was at first recommended, but later it was found that a parasite infested the flower, which led, largely to the use of the root alone. Hahnemann introduced it into Homoeopathy in 1805. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The entire fresh plant, including the root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 300 c. c. Distilled water 100 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — 0rV How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water and six parts. strong alcohol. 28 ARNICA MONTANA. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Arnica Has a Physiolog- ical Action. — It has through the cerebro- spinal nerv- ous system six special centers of action. I. Skin. It produces a vesicular and erysipelatous inflammation. II. Venous System. Here it stimulates absorption. III. Muscular System. It produces paresis and my- algia. IV. Digestive Organs. It causes gastro-intestinal inflammation. V. Serous Membranes. It produces inflammation and effusion. VI. Circulation. It accelerates the circulation and causes a rise in the temperature. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning; while at rest and lying down; at night; cold, damp weather; after a long sleep, and from wine. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — During the day and in the open air; from contact and motion. Condition of the Mind. — Fears injury from those approach- ing him ; feels rather indifferent and hopeless ; uncon- scious delirium from which he is aroused when spoken to, but lapses immediately into the same condition; very poor memory, forgets the word he is about to speak; very anxious and hypochrondriacal. ARNICA MONTANA. 29 Therapeutic Range. — Bad effects from mechanical injuries, falls, bruises and contusions; myalgia after over exer- tion, dyspepsia, apoplexy, rheumatism and gout, spinal irritation, paralysis, pneumonia and pleurisy, especially if the result of an injury, typhus fever and septic con- ditions, hydrocephalous, haematemesis, enteralgia, dys- ihtery, nephritis and haematuria — particularly when caused from injury, miscarriage, from strain, overwork or injury. Arnica is a splendid remedy in all trau- matic inflammations. Range of Physiological Dose. — The U, S. P. tincture of arnica flowers may be given in dose, mx — xxx. The tincture of arnica root, which is ten per cent., dose, mv — x. Extract of arnica root, dose, gr. j — ij. The fluid extract of arnica root, dose, mv — xx. The Homoeopathic tinct|zre of arnica, dose, gtt. V — X. Antidote for Arnica. — Vinegar and camphor will antidote the evil effects of large doses of arnica. Other acids and ipecac are recommended also. ARUM TRIPHYLLUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phmnogamous, or flowering -plant. ' BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotydledonotis or endogen- ous -plant. NAT. ORDER. — Aracece and the Arum family. GENUS.— ^r?/;K. ^Y^Qm^.— Trifhyllum. COMMON '^ KMS..— Indian Turnip, Jack in the pidpit. Description of Plant. — Arum Triphyllum is a decidious perennial herb. "The root a turnip-shaped corm, the lower and larger part tuberous and fleshy, with nu- merous white rootlets in a circle from its juncture with the stalk, bearing generally two opposite leaves on long, sheathing foot-stalks. The spadix often dioe- cious, is club-shaped, obtuse, much shorter than the spathe, the latter being flattened and incurved, hooded at the summit with the petiole and sheath green, or often variegated with dark purple or whitish stripes or spots. Flowering from May to July." — American Insti- tute Pharmacopeia. Habitat. — -Indigenous to the United States and Canada. It grows more abundantly in rich woods and wet places. History. — Arum is supposed to be an Egyptian name, Tri- phyllum, trt three, and phyllon leaf, meaning three- leafed. This plant has an intensely acrid juice, which so ARUM TRIPHYLLUM. 3 I disappears on drying and the root becomes palatable. The Indians use it for food, hence the name Indian Turnip. Arum Triphyllum was proved by Dr. James, in 1844. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The fresh root." Formula for Making igog c. c. gf Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 400 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ■^^. Hgw tg Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, i/iree parts distilled water and stx parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher-. Nerve Centers upon which Arum Has a Physiological Action. — It has two special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. .1. Mucous Membranes. It produces in the mucous membranes an excoriating inflammation. II. Glandular System. In the salivary glands it causes insalivation. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Usually in the morn- ing; from northwest wind, and from lying down. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — On rising and in the middle of the day. 32 ARUM TRIPHYLLUM. Condition of the Mind. — Delirium ; does not realize what is said to him or what he is doing; boring and picking at nose and picking at lips. Therapeutic Range. — Arum Triphyllum is a good remedy in clergymen's sore throat; malignant scarlet fever; in inflammatory affections of the mouth, tongue and buccal cavity; nasal and bronchial catarrh; coughs and hay asthma; it may be found of service in typhoid forms of fever. Range of Physilological Dose. — Arum Triphyllum may by given in ten grain doses, if mixed with gum arable, sugar and water, or in form of emulsion. Homoeopathic tincture dose, gtt. xv — xxx. Treatment for Overdose. — Give large quantities of butter- milk, which usually has the power to antidote the evil effects produced by an overdose of arum. Antidotes. — Acids, Mercurius, Iris Versicola, Phytolacca and Rhus tox. ASAFCETIDA. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phcenogamous or jlowcring- kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—AngiosfermcB, seed m- closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \.^Polyfctalous. NAT. ORDER. — UmbclUferm and the Parsley family. Gm^\5^.— Ferula. SPECIES.— /^cE/f?^a. COMMON 1^ KME.—Asafmtida, BeviPs Dung, Food of the Gods. Description of Herb. — Asafoetida, or the Ferula foetida, is a large perennial herb, enduring several years, but always perishes after flowering. The stem grows to a height of from 5 to 10 feet, and about i to 5 inches thick. It is greenish in color, erect, furrowed and smooth. The few leaves are radical and cauline, mostly near the stem's base. They are on stout, round petioles. The flowers are small and pale yellow. The root is conical, about 18 inches long, and from 4 to 6 inches thick, dark brown and whitish inside. The gum resin, or asafcetida proper. The plant has a milky juice, obtained by incising the root, which is dried and hardened into " tears" and "masses." The root yields from one-half ounce to two pounds of 3 ' 38 34 ASAFCETIDA. juice. The gum resin is an amorphous mass com- posed of agglutinated tears of a waxy consistency. It is white at first, but on contact with air it becomes reddish, and afterwards of a brownish color. It has a shiny surface and becomes brittle with age and cold. Asafoetida has a bitter acrid taste and a strong garlicy odor, is inflammable and burns with a whitish flame and much smoke. It is sometimes adulterated with red clay, sand, stones, flour, gypsum, calcium carbon- ate and translucent gums. Habitat. — Persia, Turkestan and Afghanistan. History. — The name Ferula is irom ferio, to strike, be- cause the stems are used as rods. Foetida, from fce- ttdus, meaning feted, stinking. Called by the Germans "Tufel's Dreck," Devil's Dung, and by the Asiatics "Food of the Gods." The plant was discovered by Falconer, in 1838 in West Thibet. But this drug, or a similar one, was described by Dioscorides and other medical authorities. There are four commercial va- rieties : 1. Amygdaloid. Which has somewhat the form of an almond. This is the officinal variety and is the most reliable. 2. Tears. These are of various sizes, distinct or adhesive and agglutinated. 3. Stony. These are of various sizes, angular or rounded pieces of gypsum and other earthy matters, agglutinated or nearly coated with milky juice. This variety should not be used in medicine. ASAFCETIDA. 35 4. Liquid. This is a white, opaque, syrup, or semi-fluid mass, which turns brown in color. Asa- foetida was first mentioned in homoeopathic literature by Dr. Franz, in 1832. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The gum resin. " Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Asafoetida 100 gm. Strong alcohol 1000 c. c. Drug Power. — ■^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers Upon Which Asafcetida Has a Physio- logical Action. — It has three special centers of ac- tion through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Muscular System. Here it acts as an excito- motor, producing hysterical insanity. II. Glandular System. It produces hypersesthe- sia and increases the secretions. III. Mucous Membranes. It increases the secre- tions and the abdomen becomes tympanitic. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning ; most of the symptoms are aggravated while sitting ; after eat- ing. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the evening; in the open air, and from motion. 36 ASAFCETIDA. Condition of the Mind. — Hysterical: Much restlessness and anxiety; very fickle and unsteady; irritable and ill-humored. Therapeutic Range. — All forms of hysteria; functional spasms. Asafoetida is a good carminative, and is much recommended in tympanites, dyspepsia, whooping cough and chronic catarrh, infantile colic and convul- sions; asthma, particularly when connected with hys- teria; mercurial and scrofulous affections of the bones and skin; rickets, caries, ulcers. It is recommended by some in secondary and tertiary syphilis ; leucorrhosa in hysterical subjects. Range of Physiological Dose. — The U. S. P. emulsion of asafoetida (four per cent.), dose f §ss — j. The mixture of magnesia and asafoetida, Dewees's Carminative, dose, fjss — j. TheU. S. P. tincture of asafoetida (twenty percent), dose, f 3SS — j. Three grain pills of asafoetida, dose, i — 4 pills. Aloe and asafoetida pills, containing of each i^ grains, dose, i — 4 pills. The compound pill of galbanum, containing one-half grain of asafoetida, dose, i to 4 pills. The homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — xxx. The Antidotes for Asafcetida. — Camphor, pulsatilla, causticum, cinchona, mercurius and electricity. BAPTISIA TINCTORA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcEnogamous, or jloxuering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l. — Angios^permm, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polypetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Legwrninosce, and the Pulse family. GENUS.— Cy/«M5. SPECIES. — Baptisid tinctoria. COMMON NAME.— Wild Indigo. Description of Plant. — Baptisia is a perennial plant. The stem grows to a height of from 2 to 3 feet. It is round, smooth, glaucous, and very much branched. The leaves are small, alternate, palmately trifloliate, sub-sessile ; the leaflets are rounded at the extremity, cuneate at the base, and about 54^ inch long. The flowers are bright-yellow and in small, loose, terminal racemes. They bloom from June to August. The root is short and woody, blackish externally and yellow- ish internally, knotty head, 2 to 3 inches broad, ir- regular broad stem-scars above, sending off many rootlets underneath. Habitat. — Wild indigo is indiginous to the United States and Canada. It extends as far south as Florida and west to the Mississippi River. It grows the most plentifully near the sea coast and in dry sandy soil, but it is found occasionally in damp places. , 37 38 BAPTISIA TINCTORA. History. — The whole plant of Baptisia was officinal from 1830 to 1840. It somewhat resembles asparagus, and its young shoots were sometimes eaten as such. It is no longer used as a dye. Indigo was formerly used as an antiseptic dressing for gangrenous wounds, especially when low fever accompanied. It is a remedy which is held in high esteem by the Eclectic and Physiomedical schools. It was introduced into Homoe- opathy by Dr. W. L. Thompson, in 1857. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The bark of the fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 233 c. c. Distilled water 100 c. c. Strong alcohol 700 c. c. Drug Power. — 0^^- How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, two parts distilled water and seven parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Baptisia has a Physio- logical Action — Through the cerebro-spinal nervous system it has four special centers of action. I. Blood. It produces a septic and typhoid condi- tion. II. Mucous Membranes, Here it produces a catarrhal inflammation, which is followed by ulceration. BAPTISIA TINCTORA. 39 III. Lym-phatic system. It causes putrid secretions. IV. Cerebro- spinal system. It causes both motor and sensory paralysis. Cause of Aggravation. — A close, warm room. Cause of Amelioration. — The fresh and open air. Condition of the Mind. — Want of mental power, indisposed to think; the mind seems weak and confused; he can- not concentrate his mind; he has a wild wondering feeling; complains of body being scattered about, with a restless searching to get the pieces together; says he can't go to sleep because he can not get him- self together. Therapeutic Range. — In typhoid fever and other adynamic conditions; gastric disturbances, with neuralgia of the bowels and diarrhoea; ulcers of the mucous mem- branes, particularly of the mouth and throat; stomatitis materna; cancrum oris; diphtheria. The Eclectic School of Medicine recommends it very highly in diphtheria, diarrhoea and dysentery; typhoid pneu- monia, especially when the prune juice expectoration is present; hectic fever; threatened abortion, when caused by general poor health and relaxed tissues; ulceration of the uterus, etc. Range of Physiological Dose. — The extract of Baptisia may be given in dose, gr. j — x. The Homoeopathic tincture of Baptisia, dose, gtt. XV XXX. BELLADONNA. BOTANICAL SERIES \.—Phcenogamous,orjloweringflant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \\.—Angiosferma, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l\.—Gamofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Solanacece, and the Nightshade family. GE'^\J^.—Atrofa. SVECVES.—BeUadomia. COMMON ^KM.'E.— Deadly Nightshade. Description of Plant. — Belladonna is a large bushy, per- ennial herb. The stems are about 3 to 5 feet high; erect, thick, cylindrical, smooth; dividing at first into three, then dichotomous, frequently branching, the youngest shoots pubescent. The leaves are alternate below, in pairs above, one larger than the other, short stalked, 3 to 9 inches long, ovate, entire, dark green in color. The flowers are solitary, axillary, stalked, droop- ing, pedicel as long or longer than the calyx, with short, glandular hairs ; calyx five cleft. The corolla is bell shaped, about an inch long, five lobes, reddish purple, tinged with pale green below. The berries ripen in September, and the flowers bloom from May to August. The root is thick, fleshy, juicy, branched and spreading. It is pale brown externally, and when fresh, white internally. 40 BELLADONNA. 4! Habitat. — It is common in Central and Southern Europe. It grows in mountainous woods, also in ruins and waste places. It is cultivated in Germany, France, England and North America. History. — The name Atropa, is derived from Atrofos, one of the mythological fates, whose office it was to cut the thread of life, and with this poisonous fruit or plant the functions of office could easily be performed. Belladonna, from (5e//a, beautiful, and donna, a lady. It was used by the Italian ladies as a cosmetic and to dilate their pupils, which added to their beauty. It was used by Leucota, the famous poisoner of Italy, to de- stroy beautiful women. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice by Hahnemann. Part Used for Making Tincture.- — " The whole plant when beginning to flower." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids , 100 gm. Plant moisture 567 c. c. Strong alcohol . . 470 c. c. Drug Power. — ^■^. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, Jour parts distilled water and jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. 42 belladonna. Nerve Centers upon which Belladonna has a Physi- ological Action. — It has elevfen special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebro-Sfinal Nervous System. It produces both motor and sensory paralysis. II. Circulation. It stimulates the cardiac inhibitory centers, and contracts the capillaries. III. Tennferature. The temperature is elevated, one, two or three degrees. IV. Pneumogastric Nerve. The respiratory center is very markedly stimulated. V. Muscles of Hollow Viscera. Here it produces paralysis, especially shown upon the abdominal organs. VI. Kidneys. It produces congestion of the kidneys and paralyzes the sphincter muscles of the bladder. VII. Generative Organs. These organs are con- gested and the secretions are arrested. VII. Glandular System. The secretions are ar- rested and inflammation produced. IX. Skin. It produces an erysipelatous inflamma- tion of the skin ; and copious perspiration. X. Mydriasis. Belladonna is a strong mydriatic, and it produces congestion and inflammation. XI. Mucous Membranes. The secretions are almost entirely arrested. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Afternoon and evening; especially at midnight; sudden changeable weather; from heat of sun ; moving ; touch, and cold draft. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — During quiet rest, and when wrapped up well in a warm room. BELLADONNA. 43 Condition of thk Mind. — Furious rage; anger, disposed to bite, strike and spit at those about him. He tries to tear things to pieces. In his violent delirium.he grinds his teeth, and bursts out in loud laughter. He sees monsters and is afraid of imaginary things; is constantly trying in his unconscious condition to jump out of bed. He either doesn't want to talk at all, or he wants to rattle it off as fast as he can; much stupor, with dilated pupils ; congestion about the head ; extremely irritable temper. Therapeutic Range. — Headache, vertigo, apoplexy, violent inflammation or congestion of the brain or meninges, or both; violent inflammation of other organs, when ac- companied by a flushed face and full throbbing arteries. In typhus with marked cerebral symptoms ; in delirium tremens, or mania; neuralgia or rheumatism, especially when about head and face; spasms and convulsions; it may be of use in puerperal convulsions when there is cerebral congestion or inflammation. It is a good remedy in epilepsy when brought on by peripheral irritation. Range of Physiological Dose. — The alcoholic extract of Belladonna leaves, dose, gr. ^'o~~J* Tincture of Belladonna leaves, dose, m. v — xx. Fluid extract of Belladonna root, dose, m. j^,, — ij. The active principle. Atropine, dose, gr. -^^ — -^g. Atropine sulphate, dose, gr. -^l^ — ^\. The Homoeopathic tincture of Belladonna, dose, gtt. ij— v. 44 BELLADONNA. Treatment for Poisoning. — The following remedies are physiological antidotes to Belladonna; morphine, phy- sostigmine, muscarine and pilocarpine. A case of Belladonna poisoning has been reported in which two hypodermic injections of ^ grain of pilocarpine saved a life. Chloral hydrate is recommended; morphine is particularly serviceable in Belladonna poisoning. If the respirations fail, strychnine should be employed; ex- ternal heat should be used if collapse is imminent. The stomach and bowels should be freely evacuated, and demulcent drinks copiously employed. Antidotes for Belladonna. — Camphor, opium, coffea cruda, hyoscyamus, nux vomica, hepar sulphur, zinicum and wine. BERBERIS VULGARIS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or jlovjering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.^Angiosfemm, seed inclosed BOTANICAL DIVISION \.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Berberidacece and the Barberry family. Gm^M'S,.— Berber is. SPECIES.— Vulgaris. COMMON ^KM^.— Barberry, Description of Shrub. — Berberis Vulgaris is a deciduous shrub. The stem grows to the height of from 3 to 8 ' feet and higher under cultivation. It has thorny, alter- nate, angular branches, hanging at the top: The bark is of a light gray or yellow-brown color and the wood fine and yellow. The leaves are in tufts somewhat obovate, more or less pointed, serrated and fringed, and with three-cleft, spreading, sharp thorns at the base of each leaf-bud. The flowers are bright yellow with red glands, and are succeeded by oblong scarlet berries growing in loose bunches. The flowers bloom in May and June. The root is thick, branching, tough, porous and of a pale yellow color. The bark is of a yellowish-gray color, externally, with a smooth, orange- yellow inner surface. 46 BERBERIS VULGARIS. Habitat. — In Europe and North of Asia. It is naturalized in New England and other parts of the United States, It grows in waste grounds and thickets. History. — Berberis is taken from berberys, the Arabic name of the fruit. The fruit was officinal from 1830 to 1840, and the bark of the root from i860 to 1880. It was introduced into the homoeopathic practice by Dr. Hesse, in 1835. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The bark of the root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 80 c. c. Distilled water 420 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^ . How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water anAjive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers Upon Which Berberis Has a Physiolog- ical Action. — Through the ganglionic nervous sys- tem it has five special centers of action. I. Mucous Membranes. It produces feverishness and inflammation of the mucous membranes from the throat and mouth to the intestines ; sometimes resulting in dysentery. II. Kidneys. It causes a high degree of inflamma- tion of the kidneys with hasmaturia. BERBERIS VULGARIS. 47 III. Venous System. It acts with much violence upon the venous system, causing capillary engorge- ment and hgemorrhoids. IV. Muscular System. It has some action upon the muscular system, producing lameness and rheumatoid inflammation. V. Liver. It produces a congestion or inflamma- tion of the mucous lining of the hepatic system. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — ^When moving about ; most of the pains and ailments are aggravated or ex- cited by motion. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — While at rest. All symptoms seem better during perfect quiet. Condition of the Mind. — ^Berberis depresses the mind; the patient is listless, apathetic, melancholic and indifferent to life ; the memory is weak ; absence of mind while attending to mental labor. Therapeutic Range. — Berberis Vulgaris is a splendid rem- edy in renal and vesical troubles, nephrites, nephritic colic, etc. ; in the passage of gall stones, and vesical calculi; bilious and gastro-intestinal derangements; jaundice; arthritic and rheumatic affections, particu- larly when urinary difficulties are present. Range of Physiological Dose. — Berberis Vulgaris may be given in dose, gr. ij — x. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — xx. Antidote for Berberis. — Camphora. BRYONIA ALBA. BOTANIC ALSEklES I. — Phcenogmnous, or flower ingflant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Bicotyledonoiis, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angios-permce, seed inclosed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — CncurbitacecB, and the Gourd family. GENUS. — Bryonia. SPECIES.— ^4/^-0, white. COMMON NAME.— •^;7fl' hofs, White bryony. Description of Vine. — Bryonia Alba is a perennial climb- ing, herbaceous vine. The stem is rough and chan- nelled with spiral tendrils. The leaves are alternate, cordate, five-lobed, rough and of a bright green color. The flowers are small, greenish yellow and appear in axillary racemes. They bloom in June and July. The berries are globular and black, about the size of a pea. The root is spindle shaped, from i to 2 feet long and from 2 to 4 inches thick; it is yellowish gray exter- nally and white internally. It has a disagreeable taste and nauseating odor, which disappears on drying. Habitat. — In central and southern Europe. It grows in thickets, woods and hedges. History. — The name Bryonia, means to grow rapidly, be- cause the stems grow up quickly. Alba, from the Latin Albus, meaning white, because of the yellowish 48 BRYONIA ALBA. 49 white flowers and root. This remedy was mentioned by Dioscorides. It was introduced into the Homoso- pathic practice in 1816. Part Used for Making Tincture — " The fresh root be- fore flowering." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 400 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, _four parts distilled water and Jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Bryonia has a Physiologi- cal Action. — It has four special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Serous Membranes. It produces a rheumatic in- flammation and also an effusion. II. Mucous Membranes. It arrests the secretions and produces a dry condition of the mucous mem- branes. I III. Muscular System. It produces rheumatism or a rheumatoid inflammation. IV. Circulation. The circulation is accelerated and the temperature elevated. 4 50 BRYONIA ALBA. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night; the pains are greatly aggravated by motion, loud noises, sitting up and excitement. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — Through the day; in warm weather, or warmth of the bed; warm drinks; after perspiration; while at rest. Condition of the Mind. — Fright, fear and vexation; he is inclined to worry about needless things; very anxious; morose and ill-humored; very irritable and easily ex- cited to anger; sensation as if sinking down in bed; de- lirious about his business affairs, usually worse at night. Therapeutic Range. — Hemicrania; encephalites ; cerebro- spinal meningitis, especially if of a rheumatic type; dia- phragmitis; hepatitis; peritonitis; pneumonitis; pleu- ritis; bronchitis; pericorditis ; rheumatism, and rheu- matic and arthritic inflammations; dyspepsia; gas- tralgia ; enteralgia ; constipation ; vicarious menstruation ; eruptive fevers, measles aud scarlatina; bilious and gastric fevers; typhoid fever and typhoid pneumonia; puerperal fever. Range of Physiological Dose. — The fluid extract of Bry- onia may be given in dose, m, v — xv. The tincture of Bryonia U. S. P. dose, f 3 j — iv. The active principle, Bryonia, dose, gr. ^ to ^. The Homoeopathic tincture of Bryonia, dose, gtt. X XX. Antidotes for Bryonia. — Aconite, Camphor, Chamomilla, Coffea cruda, Igantia amara, Nux vomica. Strong cof- fee is a good remedy to antidote the immediate effects of an overdose of Bryonia. CACTUS GRANDIFLORUS BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phcenogamous, or flowering hind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS I.— Angiospertnce, seed inclosed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Cactacece, and the cactus family . GENUS.— Cflc^Ms. SPECIES.— Grandiflorus . COMMON NAME. — Night-blooming Cereus. Description of Shrub. — Cactus grandiflorus is an ever- green undershrub. The stem is green and branching, about one foot high, with five or six angles, is succu- lent and armed with clusters of five or six short radi- ating spines or bristles. The flowers are yellow, large, beautiful and sweet-scented, with pure white petals, opening only once and in the evening, and closing again before morning, is nearly one foot in diameter. Habitat. — In tropical America, it grows generally in hot, stony places. History. — The name, Cactus, was originally given by Theo- phrastus to a spiny plant of Sicily. Dr. Rubini in- troduced it into the Homeopathic practice in 1864. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The flowers and young twigs." 51 52 cactus grandiflorus. Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids lOO gm. Plant moisture 567 c. c. Strong alcohol 470 c. c. Drug Power. — i^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water and _^ve parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Cactus has a Physiologi- cal Action. — It has three special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Ci'rculation. It stimulates the circulation, and produces a contraction of the circular fibres of the arteries. II. Pneumogastric Nerve. It produces paresis and acidity of the stomach, III. Muscular System. It produces a rheumatoid inflammation. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning; in the evening, and from motion. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — Through the day; while in the open air. Condition of the Mind. — Irritable, with inclination to weep; hypochondriacal; very sad; taciturnity. CACTUS GRANDIFLORUS. 53 Therepeutic Range. — -Cardiac dropsy; rheumatic difficul- ties of the heart; palpitation of the heart; angina pec- toris; pericarditis; asthma; catarrh; haemoptysis; ner- vous sick headache; cerebro-spinal meningitis; con- gestive dysmenorrhoea ; uterine haemorrhage; inter- mittent fever. Range of Physiological Dose. — Some writers say, as a cardiac tonic, Cactus may be given in the tincture, in dose, m, j — v, three times a day. The Homoeopathic tincture of Cactus may be given in dose, gtt. x — xxx. Antidotes for Cactus. — Aconite, Camphor and Cinchona. CALENDULA OFFICINALIS. BOTANICAL SERIES \.—Phcenogamous, or flowering- ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. SUB-CLASS I. — AngiosperincB, seed inclosed. BOTANICAL DIVISION ll.—Gamopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Compositce, and the composite family. GENUS. — Calendula. SVECIES.— Officinalis. COMMON NAME. — Garden Marigold, Mary bud. Description of Plant. — Calendula is an annual herb. The stem is from i to 2 feet high, angular, roughish and hairy. The leaves are toothed, spatulate and oblanceo- late. The flower heads are yellow or orange col- ored, large, terminal and solitary. The flowers appear the greater part of the summer and fall, closing toward night; are mucilaginous and have a disagreeable odor. The root is fibrous. Habitat. — Calendula is a native of France and Southern Europe, grows generally in the fields and cultivated grounds, often cultivated in gardens for ornament. History. — The name Calendula is derived from calends, the first day of the month, because it flowers about the first of each month, or at least it produces flowers almost every month in the year. It was known as S4 CALENDULA OFFICINALIS. 55 medicine in the sixteenth century, but fell into disuse. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice by Dr. Franz, in 1838. Part Used FOR Making Tincture. — "The fresh flowering tops." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 600 c. c. Strong alcohol ■ ■ 437 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, your parts distilled water and Jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers Upon Which Calendula Has a Physio- logical Action. — It has one special center of action, through the cerebro-spinal vasomotor nervous system. I. Vasomotor System. It produces paralysis of the arterial capillaries. Burt says: "Through the vasomotor nerves the capillary vessels become partially garalyzed, and consequently , receive more blood than usual. From this increased irritation, which attracts a large amount of colorless corpuscles, together with the viscosity, or adhesive qualities, of these corpuscles, we get adhesive inflammation that is most beautifully 56 CALENDULA OFFICINALIS. shown us in lacerated wounds, in which, when calen- dula is used, we get union by first intention, without suppuration." Therapeutic Range. — Calendula is used both externally and internally in cut and lacerated wounds. The late Dr. Ludlam recommended the internal, as well as external, use of calendula in chronic endometritis, and scrofulous ulceration, with much purulent leucorrhoea. The old school recommend it as an emmenagogue, and as a diaphoretic, in recent infusion. Shoemaker says in the form of tincture it is reputed to be tonic, antispas- modic and alterative. Range of Physiological Dose. — The U. S. P. tincture of Calendula, which is twenty per cent, may be used in dose f 3 ss — j. The Homoeopathic tincture of Calendula, dose gtt. XXX — xl. CAMPHORA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or pwering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS II. — Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION Wl.—Afetalous. NAT. ORDER. — LauracecB, and the Laurel family. GENUS. — Cinamomum. SPECIES Camfhora, or Laurus. COMMON l^iAME.. — Camphor, Camphor laurel, Gum camphor. Description of Tree. — The camphor laurel tree grows to a height of about thirty feet, has a smooth green bark. The leaves are evergreen, about 3 to 6 inches long and I to 3 inches wide, attenuated toward both ends, glaucous beneath. The flowers are small and yellow, bloom in June and July. The fruit is a small purple berry, j^ of an inch thick, one seeded, ripens in November and December. Habitat. — China, Japan, Formosa, is cultivated in Italy as an ornament. History. — The name Cinamomum is derived from "Kaj'u manis," meaning sweet-wood. Camphor, from "Ka/ur," meaning chalk, or lime, which it resembles. The camphor laurel wood is distilled or boiled and the camphor is skimmed off as it rises to the surface, and B7 58 CAMPHORA. is then purified by sublimation. We get it in white, translucent, partially crystalline masses. It has a penetrating, acrid odor, and cool, acrid taste. It is lighter than water, the specific gravity being .99. It dissolves readily in alcohol, ether or chloroform. It is very soluable in milk. It ignites easily and burns with a smoky flame. Camphora was introduced into Homoeopathy by Hahnemann. Part Used for Making Tincture. — Camphor. Formula for Making 1000 c. c. of Tincture. — Camphor 100 gm. Strong alcohol 1000 c. c. Drug Power. — ^i^. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the second decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. When used in the trituration it must be freshly made and well corked. A saturated tincture of camphor has a drug strength of J^. This is also known as Rubini's camphor. Nerve Centers Upon which Camphor has a Physio- logical Action. — Camphor has five special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebrospinal System. It produces sensory and motor spasms and paralysis. CAMPHORA. 59 II. Circulation. The circulation is stimulated and chills, or a cold feeling, predominates. III. Digestive Organs. It has a marked stimulating effect upon the digestive organs. IV. Urinary Organs. It causes stranguary reten- tion of the urine. V. Sexual Organs. It produces at first increased desire, and later complete impotence. Time and Cause of Aggravation At night or in the dark ; from motion and from cold. Cause of Amelioration. — From warm air or warm open air, pains disappear when thinking of them. Condition of the Mind. — Very restless and anxious ; afraid to be alone, especially at night. Therapeutic Range. — Choleric conditions, influenza and coryza, cramps, nervous irritability, stranguary con- vulsions, vertigo, sunstroke, epilepsy, insanity and acute mania. Impotence, and sometimes in excessive desire. May be used in typhoid and other low fevers- Range of Physiological Dose. — U. S. P. Camphor, dose gr- j— ij- Oil of Camphor, dose m, j — iij. Camphor water, U. S. P., containing four grains to the fluid ounce, dose f 3 j — iv. Spirits of Camphor, U. S. P., ten per cent; dose m, v — XX. Homoeopathic tincture, dose gtt. x — Ix. Treatment FOR Poisoning. — Cold water freely; stimulants; heat and friction to surface; morphine and atropine by the mouth, or hypodermically. CANNABIS SATIVA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Pkoenogamous, or flowering- ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiospermce, seed within a vessel. BOTANICAL DIVISION lll.—Apetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Urticacece, and the nettle family. GENUS. — Cannabis. SPECIES.— 5a/2Z'«. COMMON 'i^hME.—Hemp. Description of Plant. — Cannabis Sativa is an annual plant and grows to a height of from four to ten feet. The stem is erect, grooved or angular. It is slightly rough and woody at the base, numerous leaves, the lower ones are opposite and the upper ones are alternate. They are composed of from five to seven lanceolate, sharp pointed leaflets. The flowers, which bloom from June to August, are in axillary racemes and gen- erally at the top of the plant or ends of the branches. The seed is a small, grayish-colored, smooth, shining nut, containing a single, oily seed. Habitat. — Asia, Persia, Europe, Central and Southern Rus- sia, and the western part of the United States. 60 CANNABIS SATIVA. 6l History. — Cannabis is derived from the Celtic word can, meaning a reed, and ab, small, because of its small, slender stems. In the beginning of the third century the Chinese mentioned it as a medicine; Hahnemann mentioned it in 1811. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The flowering tops of the fresh cultivated plants." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 200 c. c. Distilled water 100 e c. Strong alcohol 730 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — -One part tincture, two parts distilled water and seven parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Cannabis Sativa has a Phys- iological Action. — Cannabis Sativa has two special centers of action, through the animal nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes, especially the urethra, pro- ducing inflammation. II. Cerebrospinal Nervous System. Producing a state of intoxication, arresting function, producing congestive headache, throbbing, with heat in head, las- situde and drowsiness. 62 CANNABIS SATIVA. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Forenoons; warmth and motion and on urinating. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the evening, and from cold air. Condition of the Mind. — Much sadness, with anxiety, ap- prehensive feeling of anxiety at pit of stomach, palpi- tation of heart with oppression of breath. Therapeutic Range Acute gonorrhoea, cystitis and other urinary troubles, nephritis, etc., pneumonia, congestive headache, cardialgia, hard drinking. Range of Physiological, Dose. — The tincture of Cannabis Sativa may be given in dose, m, x — xx. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — xv. Treatment to Antidote Large Doses. — Camphor and lemon juice may be given to antidote large doses of Cannabis Sativa. CAPSICUM ANNUUM. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phoetwgamous, or Jlowering- ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS IW.—Angiospermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.~Gamopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Solanacem, and the Nightshade family. GENUS . — Capsicum . SPECIES.— ^w2?««;m. COMMON ^KME..—Red Pepper. Description of Plant. — Capsicum annuum, is a herbaceous annual plant. It grows to a height of about two feet. It has a smooth stem, and alternate, petiolate leaves, 2 to 3 inches long. The flowers appear in July, they are solitary and white in color. The fruit is smooth and shiny, from 2 to 4 inches long and 1 toi}4 inches thick. It is oblong, conical, sometimes curved, or subglobular. It may be yellow or red, or both colors on the same plant. Habitat. — It is supposed to be a native of South America. It is now cultivated in the various warmer regions of the globe. Hardly ever found growing wild. History The name is derived from the Latin word, capsa, meaning, a chest, or box, from the shape of the fruit, 63 64 CAPSICUM ANNUUM. or it may be derived from the Greek, kafto, meaning, to bite, from its hot pungent properties. It was intro- duced into the HomcEopathic practice by Hahnemann, in 1805. Part Used for Making the Tincture. — The ripe capsules and seeds. Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture — Capsicum 100 gm Distilled water 50 c. c. Strong alcohol 958 c. c. Drug Power. — ^'^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the second decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Capsicum has a Physiolog- ical Action. — Capsicum has two special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes. It is an acrid irritant, and produces irritation, congestion and inflammation. II. Sftnal Cord. Especially the posterior portion, producing excessive chilliness. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night, and cold at- mosphere; on waking in the morning; from eating, and drinking, and on beginning to exercise. CAPSICUM ANNUUM. 65 Time and Cause of Amelioration. — During the day; from warmth; and on continued motion. Condition of the Mind. — Obstinate, peevish, taciturn, very easily offended, homesick and sleepless. Therapeutic Range. — Complaints from drinking coffee, pyrosis, dyspepsia, gastro-ataxia, gastritis, diarrhoea, heeraorrhoids, cystitis, catarrh of the bladder, gon- orrhoea, gleet, intermittent fever, fevers after abuse of quinine. Capsicum is a good remedy in tonsilitis, diphtheria and scarlet fever, also in congestive and neuralgic rheumatism. Range of Physiological Dose. — Capsicum, dose, gr. j — x. Fluid extract of Capsicum, U. S. P., dose, m, j — v. Oleoresin of Capsicum, U. S. P., dose, m, ^ij — ij. Tincture of Capsicum, dose, m, v — f 3ij. Infusion of Capsicum (|ss to the Oj of water), dose, f 3 ij— 5 ss. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. The Antidotes for Capsicum. — Caladium, Camphor, Cina, Cinchona and Sulphur. CARDUUS MARIANUS. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phmiogamous or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiospermce, seed in- closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.—Gamopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — CompositcE atid the Cotnposite family. GENUS.— Cffr^?«/5. SVECIE.S.—Mariaims. COMMO]^ NAME.— ^z-. Marfs Thistle. Description of Plant. — Carduus Marianus is a biennial de- ciduous herb. Ttie stem, the most of it, is glabrous and grows to the height of 4 to 5 feet; it is branched, sohd and round. The leaves are amplexicaul, spinous; the radical pinnatifid, dark, shining green, white veined. The flower-heads are large and purple; they are erect, solitary and terminal, with stout spines of their calyx-scales very conspicuous. Habitat. — It is indigenous to Great Britain and Southern Europe. History. — Carduus is the name of the genus oft his and other prickly plants, called thistles ; Marianus, relating to the Virgin Mary, because it is fabled to have a portion of 66 CARDUUS MARIANUS. 6*] the Virgin Mary's milk fall on the leaves, producing the white veins. It has been in use since i§4S in old school pharmacy. Dr. Reil introduced it into the hom- oeopathic practice in 1852^ Part Used for Making Tincture. — «< The plant while in flower, or its seeds." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 233 c. c. Distilled water 267 c. c. Strong alcohol • 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ■^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — -One part tincture, four parts distilled water and jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Carduus Marianus has a Physiological Action. — It has at least three special centers of action through the animal nervous system. I. Liver. It acts upon the liver and portal system, giving rise to jaundice and other bilious disturbances. II. Botuels. Here it acts as a laxative, producing a catarrhal discharge. III. Kidneys. It produces diuresis. Condition of the Mind. — It produces vertigo and a dull feel- ing in the head, with much confusion of the mind. 68 CARDUUS MARIANUS. - Therapkutic Range.^ — Bilious disturbance, with jaundice; hyperasmia of liver; duodenal catarrh; gallstones. Hughes says: "This plant has a great popular reputa- tion in Germany for jaundice and other bilious disturb- ances, and figures among Rademacher's ' organ-reme- dies ' as one acting on the liver." It has been proved by Reil, and he found it to cause distention of the whole abdomen, but especially in the right side, the whole hepatic region being tender to pressure ; the bile was deficient in the stools, while its coloring matter was found by chemical tests to be present in the urine. Carduus Marianus is thus truly homoeopathic to hyper- asmia hepatis and simple jaundice, in which — and even in cirrhosis of the liver with dropsy- — it has proved cura- tive in the hands of practitioners of our system. Range of Physiological Dose The fluid extract of Car- duus Marianus may be given in dose, gtt. v — xv. The Homoeopathic tincture of Carduus Marianus, dose, gtt. X — XX. CAULOPHYLLUM THALICTROIDES. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phmiogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—Angiosfernice, seed within a covering. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.-^Polypetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Berberidacece, and the Barberry family . GENUS . — Caulophyllum . SERIES. — Thalictroides. COMMON NAME.— ^fee Cohosh, Paffoose root, Squa-uf root. Description of Plant. — Caulophyllum is a deciduous perennial herb. The stem is smooth and about two feet high, with a large triternately compound, leaf at the summit of one of the bifurcated stems, the other ends in a racemous flower. The flower is purplish or yel- lowish green and blooms in April and May. The root is horizontal, knotty, contorted, with scars of previous stems. It is tough and woody and of a grayish brown color. It has a sweetish, bitter, acrid taste. Habitat. — The United States, from Canada to Carolina and Kentucky. It grows in rich woodlands, mountains and shady hills, on ground which has been overflowed, or near running streams. 69 70 CAULOPHYLLUM THALICTROIDES. History. — The name is derived from ^^Kaulos," a stem, and ^'■fhyllon" a leaf, as the stem appears to be a leaf stalk. Thalictroides — thallow, to grow green, and tro'ideSf resembling green stems. It was used by the Abori- genes in labor cases and called squaw root or pappoose root, mentioned in Homoeopathic literature by Dr. E. M. Hale. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids lOo gm« Plant moisture 233 c. c. Distilled water 267 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts 'distilled water, zndfive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Caulophyllum has a Physi- ological Action. — It has, through the cerebro-spinal system, two special centers of action. I. Uterus. It is a motor stimulant, producing hysterical hyperaesthesia. II. Muscular System, producing rheumatism and rheumatoid inflammation. CAUI.OPHYLLUM THALICTROIDES. 7 1 Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Afternoons and even- ings and in the open air. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the mornings and in a warm room. Therapeutic Range. — ^^Abnormal conditions during labor, dysmenorrhoea, amenorrhoea, metrorrhagia, after pains, lochia, abortion, uterine displacements, retained secun- dines, paraplegia with retroversion and congestion of the uterus; after child birth, hysterical or epileptiform spasms at puberty, spinal irritation, chorea; rheumatism of the small joints, especially of the wrists and fingers. Range of Physiological Dose. — Caulophyllum U. S. P. may be given in dose gr. xv — xl. The fluid extract dose m, xv — xl. When I use the Homoeopathic tincture I prefer to give it in dose m, v — f 3j. In this way it is especially serviceable in heemorrhage from retained secundines. CHAMOMILLA. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or flowering ■plant. ^ BOTANICAL CLASS I. — 'Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—Angiospermce, or inelosed seed, BOTANICAL DIVISION ll.—Gamopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Compositor, and the Composite family. GENUS.— yl«;'/zetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Rubiacece, and the Madder family . GENUS. — Cinchona. SPECIES. — Succirubra, or Officinalis. COMMON ^AM^.— Peruvian Bark. Description of Shrub. — There are some thirty-six spe- cies of these shrubs, which have been recognized, but only three varieties, the best producers, are used for medicinal preparations. They are all ever- green trees and grow from 40 to 80 feet high. In some higher latitudes they are simply shrubs, and grow from 6 to ID feet high. The bark is taken from the root, trunk and branches. These barks differ a little in form, structure and odor, that from the branches and stems being thinner and curling in quills; from the trunk it is thicker, flat and irregular shaped, and from the root in the form of chips. The flowers are tubu- lar, fragrant and purplish, rosy-white. The bark is shipped in bundles, called seroons. Habitat. — Cinchona is a native of South America, and is cultivated in Java, India, Jamaica and Ceylon. 93 94 CINCHONA OFFICINALIS. History. — Name, Cinchona, after the place Cinchon, where the Countess Ann, wife of the 4th Count of Cinchon, lived, who was cured of tertian fever in 1638, by this bark. She brought it to Europe and extolled its virtues in 1640. It was not known to naturalists until 1737- This drug is of particular interest to the Homoeo- pathic profession, becailse it is the drug that Hahne- mann was studying when he discovered the law of Similia. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The bark." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Cinchona 100 gm . Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 824 c. c. Drug Power. — ^V- How TO Make the Second Dilution — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilutions, the second decimal potency and higher. Triturations, the first decimal po- tency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Cinchona has a Physiologi- cal Action. — Burt says that Cinchona and its alka- loids have eighteen special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Brain. Here it produces an intense hyperasmia, a bursting headache and coma CINCHONA OFFICINALIS. 9$ II. Auditory Nerve. Producing paralysis, with sing- ing in the ears, and buzzing deafness. III. Eyes. Mydriasis and amaurosis. IV. Trigeminus. Hyperassthesia and neuralgia. V. Sfine, Motor Portion. Convulsions and paralysis. VI. Vagi. Tonic; paresis and slow digestion. VII. Lungs. Venous congestion, dyspnoea, and anaemia. VIII. Sfleen. Venous hypera;mia, hypertrophy and hydras mia. IX. Liver. Producing paresis, chronic congestion and jaundice. X. Kidneys. The urea and uric acid are greatly diminished. XL Male Sexual Organs. It produces debility, exhausting pollutions and impotence. XII. Female Sexual Organs. Producing sexual ex- citement, and copious hemorrhage. XIII. Muscular System. It produces anaemia, par- esis and intermittent myalgia. XIV. Skin. Here it produces acne, hydrsemia, and anasarca. XV. Blood. Produces anaemia, destroys the white blood corpuscles, and increases the fibrine. XVI. Circulation. Tonic, and produces cardiac and vasimotor paralysis. XVII. Temferature.^ The febrile temperature is greatly lowered. XVIII. Antiseptic, Cinchona arrests fermentation with great rapidity. g6 CINCHONA OFFICINALIS. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Every other day; from draught of air; from slightest touch; after eating or drinking ; from motion ; from loss of vital fluids; from mental exertion. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — Every other day ; from warmth and during rest; usually in the afternoon. Condition of Mind. — Very anxious about trifles, mind is crowded with projects, especially in the evening; excit- ability and despondency; intolerance of noise, peevish, ill-humored, easily angered, fearful, anxious and appre- hensive; dislikes mental or physical exertion. Therapeutic Range. — Great debility from loss of vital fluids, nursing, salivation, bleeding, seminal emissions, onan- ism, leucorrhoea, etc. All periodic affections, intermit- tent, bilious, gastric and other fevers of miasmatic ori- gin. Rheumatism and neuralgias, catarrhal affections, dyspepsia, hepatitis, enlargement of the spleen, etc. Colic and diarrhoea, intermittent headaches, moist gan- grene, ulcers, dropsy, jaundice, constipation, emacia- tion and gradual prostration. Range of Physiological Dose. — Extract of Cinchona, dose gr. j— X. Fluid Extract of Cinchona, dose m,x — f 3 ij. Tincture of Cinchona, dose, m, xxx — f3 ij. Homoeopathic tincture dose, 5 ss — \. Antidotes for Cinchona. — Arnica; Arsenicum, Belladonna, Calcaria carb; Carbo veg, Pulsatilla, Sepia, Sulphur, Veratrum album. CINNAMOMUM. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or flowering hind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—AngiosfermcB, seed in- closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\\.—Afetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Lauracecp, and the Laurel flatnily. GENUS. — Cinnamomum. SPECIES. — Zeylanicum. COMMON NAME.— C/«««^wo«. Description of Plant. — The Cinnamomum tree is a hand- some evergreen tree, and grows to a height of 20 tO' 30 feet; trunk from 12 to 18 inches thick. It has a smooth, ash-colored bark and numerous wide-spreading, declining branches. The leaves are petiolate and op- posite; they are 3 to 5 nerved, bright, glossy-green above and glaucous beneath; they are 4 to 8 inches long. The flowers are small, producing black, fleshy . ovoid fruit about the size of a smallolive. The flow- ers appear from January to March. The bark is in single and double quills, and is J^ to i inch wide and about -^j of an inch thick, and of variable length. It is deprived of its corky layer, is yellowish brown in color, has a fragrant odor, with a sweet, warmly, aromatic taste. r 97 pS CINNAMOMUM. Habitat. — Ceylon, China, Anam, Sumatra, South America; and cultivated in Java. History. — Name, Cinnamon, probably derived from KajuMa- nis, meaning sweet-wood, from its aromatic odor and taste, Zeylonicum, belonging to Ceylon, its habitat. It was highly esteemed, and in much demand for its spice qualities. It was first mentioned in Homoeopathic literature in 1855. Part used for Making Tincture. — " The inner bark." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Cinnamomum 100 gm. Strong alcohol 1000 c. c. Drug Power. — 0i^o- How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Cinnamomum has a Physio- logical Action. — -It has one special center of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Muscular System, Non-striated. It has a stimu- lating effect upon the blood vessels. Therapeutic Range. — Burt considers it a good remedy for uterine haemorrhage in cases of abortion or after de- livery. In uterine haemorrhages threatening miscar- riage, especially if from a strain; also in the haemorr- CINNAMOMUM. 99 hages after miscarriage; menses too early and too profuse, menorrhagia depending upon chlorosis or ane- mia; much flatiolence with colic. Burt says: "Dr Tanner believes it increases labor pains nearly as much as ergot." " Diarrhoea always worse after drinking." B. G. Range of Physiological, Dose. — Usual dose, gr. x — xxx. Oil of Cinnamon, U. S. P., dose, m, j— iij. Tincture of Cinnamon, U. S. P., dose, f 3 j — iv. Cinnamon Water, U. S. P., dose, f § ss — iv. Spirit of Cinnamon, U. S. P., dose, f 3 j — ^ij. The Homoeopathic Tincture, dose, gtt. xv — ^xx. COCCULUS INDICUS. BOTANICAL SERIES l. — Phcenogamous, or Jiowering- ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS I. — Angiosfermce, seed inclosed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polypetalous. NAT. ORDER. — MenisfermacecB, and the Moonseed family . GENUS. — Anamirta or Cocculus. SVECYES.^Indicus. COMMON NAME.— Indian Cockle. Description of Plant. — Cocculus is a large, branching, woody twiner. The bark is gray, or ash colored, and deeply corrugated. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, from 4 to 8 inches long, cordate, ovate, smooth, pale green, and rather whitish below. The flowers are small, greenish- white in color; they are pendulous and on compound racemes. The fruit is in clusters. It is about ]/2 inch long and J^ inch thick; it is wrinkled and blackish-brown in color. The seeds are whitish- yellow, oily, odorless, but very bitter. Habitat. — East India, Ceylon and the Malayan Islands. History. — Name, Cocculus, from coccuin, meaning a kermes berry. Indicus, of India. The berries were powdered and mixed with dough and used for stupefy in g fish . The lOO COCCULUS INDICUS. lOI berries have been used to prevent secondary fermenta- tion of liquors, and also by brewers, to impart intoxicat- ing qualities to beer. These are dangerous practices and should be discouraged, if still continued. In the Homoeopathic literature it was first mentioned by Hahnemann in 1805. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The seeds." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Cocculus Indicus 100 gm. Strong Alcohol 1000 c. c. Drug Power. — J^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Cocculus has a Physio- logical Action. — It has three special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebrospinal System, Motor Tract. Produc- ing convulsions and paralysis. II. Vagi, producing violent emesis and syncope. III. Ovaria- Uterine Organs. Here it produces a hypereesthetic condition and spasms. Cause of Aggravation. — All symptoms are aggravated by exertion, eating, drinking, smoking, talking; by cold air and by riding in a carriage. I02 COCCULUS INDICUS. Time and Cause ok Amelioration At night; after sweat- ing ; warm air, and at rest. Condition of the Mind. — Distracted, forgets his thoughts, sad thoughts, notices nothing but himself; very anxious,, as if he had committed a crime; inclination to sing; sensitive, startles easily. Therapeutic Range. — Cocculus Indicus is used for con- vulsions, paralysis, epilepsy, nervous diseases, chorea, eclampsia, spasm of limbs, night sweats, flatulent colic, dyspepsia, vomiting with giddiness, headache, dys- menorrhoea, affections caused by motion of train, car- riage, swing or ship, melancholia, hysteria, nervous fevers, gastric and bilious affections. Range of Physiological Dose. — Fluid Extract of Cocculus may be given in dose m, j — ij. Tincture of Cocculus (25 per cent) may be given in dose m, j — iv. The active principle of Cocculus, Picrotoxin, dose S^' xiir irV- Homoeopathic Tincture, dose gtt. iij — v. Treatment for Poisoning. — First evacuate the stomach and use the inhalation of Ether or Ammonia. Give internally Chloral Hydrate or the Bromides. Chloral Hydrate may be used as well, when poisoning has taken place through the integument. COFFEA CRUDA. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phcenogamous, or pwering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION ll.—Gamoptalous. NAT. ORDER. — Rubiacece, and the Madder family . GENUS.— C^e«. SPECIES. — Cruda, or Arabica. COMMON NAME.— C6^ee. Description of Shrub. — Coffea is an evergreen, pyramidal shaped shrub or small tree, about lO to 15 feet high, and by cultivation sometimes trimmed down to 5 or 6 feet high. The stem is straight, with long, opposite branches ; the bark smooth, gray. The leaves are 4 to 6 inches long and i to 2 inches wide ; they are oppo- site, oval, petiolate, smooth and dark green. The flow- ers are white and fragrant, not very large, funnel- shaped; they are axillary and sessile. The fruit isj^ inch long, oblong, ovoid in shape. On the tree it re- sembles a cherry; fleshy, changing from green to red, then dark purple. It contains two seeds, which consti- tute the coffee. Habitat. — Tropical Africa, Arabia, Abyssinia, Ceylon, Mocha. It is cultivated in West India, also in tropical America, 103 I04 COFFEA CRUDA. and various places where the temperature is high and ^ warm. History. — Name Coffea, from Coffee, a province of Narea, in Africa, where it grows abundantly. It was used as early as the 9th century. It is not officinal in the U. S. Pharmacopeia. The Mocha coffee is the smallest grain and is considered the best variety. It grows on the Arabian Hills around Mocha. The Java is the East Indian variety and the Rio is grown in Brazil. Coffea was introduced into Homoeopathy in 1823, by Dr. Stapf. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The seed; using the unroasted Mocha coffee." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Coffea Cruda 100 gm. Strong alcohol 1000 c. c. Drug Power. — j^,,. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — It is used both in the dilution and trituration in the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon Which Coffea has a Physiological Action. — It has seven special centers of action through the cerebro- spinal nervous system. I. Cerebrum. Here it stimulates the mentality and produces obstinate insomnia. COFFEA CRUDA. IO5 II. Cord, Posterior Columns. It paralyzes the sen- sory nerve filaments. III. Circulation. It stimulates the vaso-motor nerves and increases blood pressure. IV. Kidneys. Here it increases the arterial blood pressure, produces diuresis and diminishes the urea. V. Sexual Organs. Producing great excitement of these organs, which is followed by paresis. VI. Digestive Organs. It first stimulates the diges- tive organs and then prostrates them. VII. Vagi. It very powerfully stimulates the res- piratory center. Cause of Aggravation. — From great joy, noise and excite- ment; strong smells; from the use of narcotic medi- cines and from cold air. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the evening, and until midnight ; from warmth, and during rest. Condition of the Mind. — Great mental activity. All the senses are more acute; can see better, hear better; taste and smell more acute. He has a rush of ideas; cannot sleep on this account. If he has pains they are acute also; they drive him to despair; he cannot endure them. Therapeutic Range. — Excessive nervous excitability; all affections produced by sudden emotions or by enjoy- able surprises. Insomnia, hysteria, severe neuralgia and toothache, mania a fotu, vertigo, hemicrania, I06 ' COFFEA CRUDA. pyrosis, vomiting induced by over-eating, dyspepsia, bilious colic, light nymphomania, ischuria. Range of Physiological Dose. — The fluid extract of green Coffee, dose, f 3ss — ij. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x— xx. Antidotes for Coffea. — Aconite, Chamomilla, Ignatia, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla. Cowperthwait says that chronic affections from the abuse of coffee require Chamomilla, Ignatia, Mercurius, Nux vomica and Sulphur. COLCHICUM AUTUMNALE. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or flowering jf)lant, BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotyledonous, or endog- enous flant. NAT. ORDER, — Liliacece, and the Lily family. GENUS. — Colchicum. SFECIES.—Auhimnale. COMMON NAME.— Meadow Saffron. Description of Plant. — Colchicum is a bulbous, perennial herb, several feet high. It may be said to have a short stem, but it is subterranean. The leaves are radical and from 6 to 12 inches long. They are dark- green, shining, and not more than three to five in number; they are strap-shaped and smooth. It has a large solitary flower, reddish in color; it appears only for a few days. The corm, or bulb, is shaped some- thing like a chestnut, about i inch long and ^ of an inch thick. It is white internally and yields a milky juice which has a sweetish, bitter, acrid taste. The odor is disagreeable. ^ Habitat. — It is found in Central and Southern Europe, North Africa, England, Greece, Turkey and Switzerland. It grows in moist pastures and meadows. History. — Name, Colchicum, from Colchis, an ancient pro- vince in Asia Minor, east of the Black Sea, where this poisonous plant grew and flourished. Autumnale, 107 I08 COLCHICUM AUTUMN ALE. from the Latin word Autumnalis, belonging, or pec- uliar to autumn, because the plant blooms in the autumn, September and October. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice in 1826, by Dr. Stapf, but was used in medicine for gout and rheumatism as early as the thirteenth century. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh bulbs; dug in the spring." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Distilled water 267 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c- Drug Power. — ^i^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Colchicum has a Physi- ological Action. — It has six special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Gastro-Intestinal Canal. It produces conges- tion and inflammation and also violent emesis and catharsis. II. Kidneys. Producing congestion and inflamma- tion, and increases the phosphates. III. Liver. Producing congestion and increased biliary secretion. COLCHICUM AUTUMNALE. IO9 IV. Fibrous Tissues and Serous Membranes. Pro- ducing rheumatism and rheumatoid inflammation. V. Skin. Producing diaphoresis and hyperass- thesia. VI. Sfinal Cord. Bringing on a hyperzesthetic condition, and causing convulsions and paresis. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Great aggravation at night, from rising up in bed; from emotion, or mental exertion. Cause of Amelioration. — During repose; from inspira- tion, and in the open air. Condition of the Mind. — Very petulant, nothing satisfies, very sensitive to external impressions, which makes him nervous and beside himself. Therapeutic Range. — A splendid remedy, for rheumatic and arthritic affections, inflammatory irritations, neu- ralgic inflammations, dysentery, diarrhoea, pleuritis, pericarditis, and for dropsical conditions of internal organs. Range of Physiological Dose. — The extract of Colchi- cum root is given in dose gr. ss — ij. The fluid extract of Colchicum root, dose m, ij — iv. The Wine of Colchicum root (40 per cent) dose m, V — f 3 ss. The fluid extract of Colchicum seed, dose m, ij — v. Tincture of Colchicum seed (15 per cent) dose m, v— f3j. no COLCHICUM AUTUMN ALE. Wine of Colchicum seed (15 per cent) dose m, x — f3j. Colchicine, the active principal, dose gr. jj^ — ^\. Homoeopathic tincture, dose gtt. v — x. Treatment for Poisoning — Keep the patient in a re- cumbent position. Evacuate the stomach, give tea or coffee freely. Morphine and Atropine may be given hypodermically. Oil or oily substances are of benefit on account of the emollient effect on the mucous mem- branes. If collapse is imminent, cardiac stimulants and heat should be used. If the patient is in distress, keep him warm and apply sinapisms to the abdomen. COLLINSONIA CANADENSIS. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or jlowering ^lant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.—Gamofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Labiatce, and the Labiate family. GENUS. — -Collinsonia. SPECIES. — -Canadensis, COMMON NAME.— 67owe Root, Horsebalm. Description of Plant. — Collinsonia is a perennial herb, and grows from 3 to 4 feet high. It has a smooth angular stem. The leaves are opposite and petiolate. They are from 3 to 8 inches long, simple, ovale and cordate at base. The flowers are greenish-yellow in color. They grow on slender pedicles, in loose and panicled terminal racemes. They appear from July to Septem- ber. The root is nearly horizontal and about 4 inches long. It has short, irregular, knotty branches. It is white inside, and inodorous, but has a bitter, nauseous taste. Habitat.- — North America, New England, Michigan, Ken- tucky and southward to Florida. It grows most abun- dantly along the AUeghenies. It is found mostly in rich, moist woods, 111 112 COLLINSONIA CANADENSIS. History. — Named after a man, Peter Collinson. Dr. Carroll mentioned it in Homoeopathic literature in 1857. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 233 c. c. Distilled water 267 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^i,,-. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Collinsonia has a Physio- logical Action. — It has three centers of action, through the spinal and hypogastric nerves. I. Gastro-Intestinal Canal. Here it produces por- tal congestion and hemorrhoids. II. Kidneys. It increases blood pressure and pro- duces diuresis. III. Circulation, It acts as a tonic to the heart and causes varicosis of the veins. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the afternoon and evening; also in the open air. COLLINSONIA CANADENSIS. II3 Cause of Amelioration. — When at rest ; from warm air. Therapeutic Ran;ge. — Constipation, inertia of the lower bowel ; haemorrhoids and all functional disorders result- ing therefrom; prolapsus ani, headache, dysmenorrhoea, leucorrhoea, menorrhagia, pruritis, spermatorrhoea, functional and organic diseases of the heart, dropsical affections, etc. Range of Physiological, Dose. — The powdered root of CoUinsonia may be given in dose, gr. x — xl. Infusion of CoUinsonia, dose, f J j — iv. Fluid extract of CoUinsonia, dose, f 3j. Old school; tincture of CoUinsonia, dose, m, xx — f 3 ij. Homoeopathic tincture dose, gtt. v — xv. COLOCYNTH. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcEnogamous, or -flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—AngiospermcB, seed in- closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polypetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Cucurbitacece, and the Gourd _family. G^'^VS.—Citrullus. SPECIES.— Vulgaris. COMMON NAME. — Bitter Apple, Bitter Cucumber. Description of Plant. — Colocynth is an annual, deciduous, trailing vine. The stem is herbaceous, angular and hispid. The leaves are many lobed and hairy, about I to 4 inches long, sub-palmately cleft, and long, his- pid petioles. The little tendrils, with which the vine climbs, are short and branching. The flowers are large, yellow, solitary, axillary and pedunculate. They appear from May to August. The roots are long, woody and branched. The fruit is globular, about 2 to 4 inches thick; size of a small orange. It is smooth, greenish and mottled; when peeled, of a whitish yellow color. The commercial variety is kept in a dried form, the smooth rind being peeled off, and is known as the Turkey or peeled variety. These are pithy, whitish looking balls, consisting of the dried COLOCYNTH. Il5 pulp and the imbedded seeds. It is inodorous, but has an intensely bitter taste. Habitat. — Southern and western Asia and northern and southern Africa. It grows in warm and dry situa- tions. It is cultivated in Greece, Spain and Japan. History. — Colocynthis is the classic name of the plant. CitruUus, from the Latin word Citrus, meaning an orange, named after the color of the fruit when cut. It was known as early as the eleventh century to the Greek, Roman and Arabian physicians. It was in- troduced into Homoeopathy in i82i,by Samuel Hahne- mann. Part Used for Making Tincture. — «'The pulp of the fruit; rejecting the seeds." Formula for Making iogo c. c. of Tincture. — Colocynth loo gm. Distilled water 500 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^ , How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the third decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Colocynth has a Physi- ological Action. — It has four special centers of Il6 COLOCYNTH. action through the cerebro-spinal and abdominal sym- pathetic nervous systems. I. Gastro-Intestinal Canal. Here Colocynth acts as a violent hydrogogue cathartic, producing copious and watery stools. II. Mucous Membranes, especially of the intestines, producing violent inflammation. III. Serous Membranes, especially the peritoneum, producing inflammation. IV. Sfinal Cord, especially the posterior part, producing hyperaesthesia and severe neuralgia. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night; at rest; from motion; mental troubles, anger and mortification; after eating and drinking. Cause of Amelioration. — From bending double ; from hard pressure ; from discharge of flatus ; lying with head bent forward ; from coffee and smoking. Condition of the Mind. — Very irritable and morose ; very easily angered and becomes indignant; quite impatient and doesn't want to see friends or talk. Therapeutic Range. — Diarrhoea, dysentery, colic and cramps, neuralgias, facial neuralgia and sciatica, rheumatism and arthritis, peritonitis and enteritis, dyspepsia, bulimia, cardialgia, worm colic, menstrual colic, liver complaint. All bad effects from anger. Range of Physiological Dose. — Colocynth generally may be used in dose, gr. ij — v. COLOCYNTH. Tl'J Extract of Colocynth, U. S. P., dose, gr. ij — iij. Compound extract of Colocynth, U. S. P., dose, gr. iv — X. Homoeopathic tincture dose, gtt. v — xx. Treatment for Poisonous Doses. — Give large quantities of tepid milk. The infusion of galls is good. Camphor and Opium are good for internal medication. The following remedies will antidote Colocynth: Causticum, Chamomilla, Coffea and Staphysagria. CONIUM MACOLATUM. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBnogamous, or Jlowering- ^lant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous^ or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \. — Angiosfermcs, inclosed seed. ' BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Umhelliferce and the Parsley family. GENUS. — Conium. SPECIES. — Maculatum. COMMON ^KMS..— Poison Hemlock, Spotted Hemlock. Description of Plant. — Conium is a biennial deciduous herb. The stem grows from 6 to 8 feet high. It is round, furrowed, hollow, smooth, green and mottled with port wine colored spots, which are covered with white bloom. The leaves are large, alternate, with long furrowed petioles and dark, dull green above and pale green beneath. The leaves have a fetid, odor when bruised. The flowers are white, umbelate and terminal. They appear in June and July. The root is whitish, fusi- form, about J^ to 54 inch thick. It exudes a milky juice when cut. Habitat. — Europe, Asia and North Africa. It is naturalized in North and South America. It grows in waste places near the water. 118 CONIUM MACULATUM. II9 History. — The name, Conium, means to whirl around, and is so named because it produces giddiness when taken. Maculatum, from the Latin word maculatus, meaning spotted, or the French word macula, meaning a spot, because the stem has brownish-purple spots. Conium was known in the fourth or fifth century before Christ. It was introduced into Homoeopathy by Hahnemann, in 1825. Part used for Making Tincture. — " The whole fresh plant while in blossom." Formula for Making igoo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 300 c. c. Distilled water 100 c. c. Strong alcohol 637 c. c. Drug Power. — -^^ How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Conium has a Physiologi- cal Action. — It has six special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebro-Sfinal System. "End organs paralyzed; muscular paresis." — Burt. II. Eyes. Producing mydriasis and oculo-motor paralysis. 120 CONIUM MACULATUM. III. Urinary Organs. Producing viscid urine and paralyzing the sphincter of the bladder. IV. Circulation. Conium lessens the arterial blood pressure. V. Temperature. The temperature is lessened, or reduced. VI. Glandular System. Especially the mamm£e, ovaries and testes. Conium has a tendency to produce atrophy of >these glands. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night and during rest, when lying down; also when rising up and on turning the head and eyes; from cold air; and while eating. Causes of Amelioration. — ^Warra, dry weather ; in the dark and from moving about. Condition of the Mind . — Cannot put forth a continuous mental effort; memory is poor, disinclined to work or attend to business. Ill humored and morose, depressed and indifferent, thick-headed and dull. Does not care to be near people or hear them talk. Therapeutic Range. — ^Apoplexy, epilepsy, paralysis, rheu- matismus vagus, eye disorders, especially in old people. Sexual difficulties, bad effects from suppressed sexual desire, or from excessive indulgence. Hardness of hearing, dyspepsia, cardialgia. Indurations and en- largement of the ovaries or other glands. Cancer of the uterus, bronchitis, asthma, whooping cough, crazi- CONIUM MACULATUM. 121 ness, mania, paroxysms of anguish, hypochondria and hysteria. Range of Physiological Dose. — Fluid extract of Conium, U. S. P., dose, m, j — v. Extract of Conium, dose, gr. ss — ij. Tincture of Conium (15 per cent.), dose, m, x — xxx Conine, the active principle, dose, m, ^\ — j. Homoeopathic Tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Antidote for Conium Maculatum. — Coffee, or Coffea cruda, Nitric Acid and Wine. CONVALARIA MAJALIS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PJicBnogamous, or jlowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotyledonous, or endoge- nous -plant. NAT. ORDER. — Liliacece, and the Lily family. GENUS. — Convalaria. SPECIES.— T^'a/w. COMMON ^KME..— Lily of the Valley. Description of Plant. — Convalaria is a stemless, peren- nial plant. It has two or three eliptic, radical leaves, with long sheathing petioles, enrolled one within the the other, so as to appear like a stalk. The flowers are white, sweet-scented, bell-shaped, six-lobed and about J^ of an inch long. They are nodding and grow on an angular scape. They are bitter in taste and ap- pear in May. The root is horizontal about i to J inches long, and ^ of an inch thick. It is whitish in color, and wrinkled with a few circular scars. It has a number of small rootlets, a peculiar pleasant odor, with a sweetish, bitter, acrid taste. Habitat. — United States, in the Allegheny mountains, Vir- ginia and South Carolina. It is cultivated in gardens in Europe and Asia. History. — The name, Convalaria, is derived from Con, mean- ing together, and Vallis, a valley — a valley inclosed on 122 CONVALARIA MAJALIS. 123 all sides — because of the local habitat of some of its species. Majalis, meaning gelded, emasculated, because of its stem. Galen mentioned Convalaria as a remedy. First noticed in Homceopathic literature in 1881. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The whole plant." Formula for Making 1000 c. c. of Tincture. — • Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 400 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — 0j>^ How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Convalaria has a Physio- logical Action. — Through the cerebro -spinal nervous system Convalaria has, at least, two special centers of action. I. Heart. Where it acts as a muscular-motor stim- ulant, producing an increased blood pressure. II. Kidneys. Here it produces an increased blood pressure, and diuresis. Therapeutic Range. — Convalaria is a splendid remedy in cardiac dropsy ; in valvular disease of the heart, with 124 ■ CONVALARIA MAJALIS. dropsy, also for palpitation of the heart, angina pec- toris, etc. In dilatation of the heart, some recommend it in fatty degeneration of the heart. Chronic Bright's disease. Convalaria is a splendid heart stimulant and diuretic. Range of Physiological Dose. — Extract of Convalaria, dose, gr. v — xx. Fluid extract of Convalaria, dose m, iij — ^v. Infusion of Convalaria, which is made with 25 parts Convalaria and 75 parts water, dose, f § ss — ij. Convallamarin, active principle, dose, gr. J^ — ij. The Homoeopathic tincture of Convalaria, dose, gtt. X XX. Shoemaker, from whose work nearly all of these doses are taken, gives the following recipe for mitral insufficiency : ]^ . Extract Convalaria f 3 ij- Syrup Aurantii q. s. ad S ij- Sig. One teaspoonful three times a day. COPAIVA OFFICINALIS. BOTANICAL SERIES l—Phtsnogamous, or flowering BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \.~Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — jLeguminosce, and the Pulse family. GENUS.— Cf^««5a. SPECIES. — Officinalis, or Langsdorffii. COMMON '^hME..— Balsam of Cofciiba. Description of Tree. — The Copaiva tree is of small and large variety. It is an evergreen and sometimes grows to the height of 60 feet. The shrub, or tree, is much branched and has a brown, smooth bark. The leaves are abruptly pinnate ; usually leaflets with 3 to 5 pairs. Flowers are white. The oleoresin is used for medicinal preparations. It is a clear, transparent liquid, of about the consistence and color of olive oil. It has a peculiar aromatic odor, an acrid, hot, bitter and nauseous taste. It is not soluble in water, but is soluble in alcohol. The best comes from Brazil. Habitat. — It is native in Central and South America, and is cultivated in the West Indias and elsewhere. 123 126 COPAIVA OFFICINALIS. History j^ — The name Copaiba, is from Cufauba, the native name of the tree and its product. The Langsdorffii species is named after M. Langsdorff, the Russian con- sul at Rio in 1829, from whom Desfontaines received his specimens. Officinalis, from of us, meaning work and facere, to do, or to make ; or the Latin word, qfficina, meaning a workshop, because it is used in, or belongs to the shop or store. Copaiba was described and used in medicine in the seventeenth century. Hahnemann first mentioned it in the Homoeopathic literature. Part Used for Making Tincture.- — " The Oleoresin." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Copaiba 100 gm. Strong alcohol 900 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Nerve Centers upon which Copaiva has a Physiological Action. — Copaiva has four special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes, producing inflammation and mucorrhoea. II. Digestive Organs, Copavia produces or causes slow digestion and intestinal catarrh. III. Skin. It produces the following skin difficul- ties: Urticaria, roseola, macule and oedema. COPAIVA OFFICINALIS. 127 IV. Cerebro-S final System. Causing convulsions and paresis. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the mornings. Cause of Amelioration. — From walking and moving about. Therapeutic Range. — Chronic skin diseases, psoriasis, lupus, urticaria, oedema, etc. ; kidney and bladder difficul- ties, gonorrhoea and catarrhal difficulties, chronic gleet, haematuria, catarrh of the bladder, irritation of the urethra, and broncorrhoea. Catarrh of the intes- tinal tract, with diarrhoea. It is a good local applica- tion for frost bites, and old indolent ulcers. It is a ' good remedy for ascites, and general anasarca, from renal disease ; good also in albuminuria after scarlatina. Range of Physiological Dose. — Oil of Copaiba, dose, m, V — X. Resin of Copaiba, dose, gr. viij — xv. Mass of Copaiba, which contains 94 parts copaiba, and 6 of magnesia, dose, gr. x — 3 ss. The Homoeopathic tincture of Copaiva, dose, gtt. X XX. CRAT^GUS OXYACANTHA. BOTANICAL SERIES \.—Ph(Bnogamous, or jlowertng kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \. — Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Rosacece, and the Rose family. G^m^'&.—Cratcegus. SPECIES. — Oxyacantha. COMMON YiKM^.— English Hawthorn. Description of Shrub. — Crataegus oxyacantha, or the English Hawthorn, is a small tree or shrub, which is sometimes planted for ornament and hedges. The leaves are obovate, smooth, wedge-shaped at base, cut lobed and toothed above; styles two or three, rarely only one. The flowers are single or double, white, rose, or pink-red. They bloom in May. Habitat. — Crataegus oxyacantha is indigenous to England and is cultivated in some parts of southern United States. History. — The Greek word for Crataegus means strength, given to this shrub, perhaps, on account of the hard- ness and strength of its wood. Crateegus is one of our newer remedies. Dr. Jennings called the atten- 128 CRATAEGUS OXYACANTHA. I29 tion of the profession to it several years ago, since which time many other physicians have used it and verified what the doctor -then wrote. Dr. Clements has demonstrated its value in dyspnoea. It bids fair to be generally adopted as one of our good heart remedies. Therapeutic Range. — Quite a success has been attributed to Crataegus in the treatment of heart disease, dysp- noea, angina pectoris, etc. It is recommended in rapid and feeble heart with great oedema of the lower limbs ; also in dyspnoea with great distress and gasping for breath, mitral regurgitation from valvular deficiency, enlargement of the heart, pains in and about the heart with shortness of breath, palpitation, etc. In old chronic heart difficulties where weakness and debility are well marked, and other remedies have failed, we should give this new medicine a good trial. The following are clippings from Journals: '■'■ CratcBgus in Heart Failure. Dr. D. J. Borough reports the following case: "Lady, aged 62, had for several months attacks of heart failure on the slightest overexertion or excitement. Gave Cactus, Digitalis, Ars., Glonoine and other cardiac remedies, with but temporary relief. Every succeeding attack seemed harder, the last one, July ist, nearly proving fatal, as she was pulseless, stopped breathing and had the ap- pearance of being dead. Friction and shaking her up a little started the circulation and breathing. I then for the first time gave her Crataegus tincture in drop doses every hour, and to my surprise she recovered 130 CRAT^GUS OXYACANTHA. rapidly and has been free from any heart trouble since. She now seems well and is doing her work, but would not be without « that medicine in her house.' " Dilated Heart, Following Inflammatory Rheuma- tism. Heart's action was very feeble and irregular and the dyspnoea extreme. The patient's intellect was dull, the feet and hands were cold, and general anasarca existed. Not only did percussion show a greatly ex- tended area of dullness, but the sounds were poorly defined and there were murmurs present, showing in- competency of the valves. Digitalis had once rescued this patient after coma had set in and the end seemed near, but it no longer had any effect though faithfully tried. At this stage I prescribed Cratasgus tincture in five drop doses to be taken every two hours. Im- provement began almost at once and within a few days the patient was about the house again, and with the exception of some slight relapses has remained much improved up to the present time. The dropsy is all gone and the strength of the organ is increased. — Medical Visitor. Insomnia From Heart Trouble. Dr. Winter, of Columbus, Kansas, suffering for years from insomnia caused by heart trouble, states that after the very first evening when he took a dose of ten drops of Cratasgus he slept undisturbed. Such an experience is not like one coming from a layman. Dr. Winter is an old practitioner and knows well what he is talking about. Jumfing Heart. Miss HoUerman, aged 19, un- able to lie on her back to sleep — in fact, must sit up or CRAT^GUS OXYACANTHA. I3I her heart would jump out of her throat (as she puts it), is using Crataegus with magnificent results. Angina Pectoris. Leo H contracted from bicycle riding severe heart trouble, causing angina at the least agitation or exercise, with severe headaches. Nothing would help. Since taking Crataegus oxya- cantha the young man is very much better. CratcBgus oxyacantha is highly praised in all heart trouble and for strengthening cardiac impulse. A few days use of Crataegus influences favorably the whole nervous system. It increases appetite and improves assimilation and nutrition, showing influences on the sympathetic and solar plexus. Its action on the heart is gentle, prompt, with a quietude and yet strengthen- ing — and a patient who before Crataegus was used, was wan, irritable and melancholy, after a few days showed marked improvement. From all reports obtained, Crataegus is a most excellent and safe heart remedy and a beautiful cardiac tonic. — The Big Four Journal. Range of Physiological Dose. — The Homoeopathic tincture of Crataegus oxyacantha may be given in dose, gtt. V XV. CROCUS SATIVUS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or\ flowering- flant. BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotyledonous, or endogenous ■plant. NAT. ORDER. — Iridacece, and the Iris family. GENUS.— CVocMs. SPECIES.— ^aif/'WMs. COMMON NAME.— 5«fro«. Description of Plant. — Crocus is a small perennial herb, grows to the height of about 6 inches. It has a fleshy, bulb-like corm, with white roots from beneath. The leaves are very much like grass blades in appearance. The flowers are large and of a bluish-purple color. They appear in September and October. The stigma is three cleft, convolute, orange red and attached at the summit of the style. This is the part that is used in pharmacy. The stigmata are i-ij inches long,^flattish, tubular, thread-like; broader notched above. They have a strong, peculiar, aromatic odor and a bitter, aro- matic taste. Habitat. — It is a native of western Asia, and cultivated for commerce in Spain, England and France, and also to a limited extent in Pennsylvania. History. — Name, Crocus, perhaps from Kurkum, meaning saffron. It is said to be a Chaldean name applied^by 132 CROCUS SATIVUS. 1 33 Theophrastus, after the youth of Crocus, who, by mythology, was changed into this flower. Sativus, meaning cultivated, or sown; the kind used in contradistinction to the wild variety. It was known by the ancient Greek and Arabian physicians. It was proved by Dr. Stapf, in 1836. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The dried stigmata." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Crocus sativa 100 gm. Strong alcohol 1000 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Crocus has a Physiological Action. — It has three centers of action through the cerebro-spinal system. I. Cerebrospinal System. It produces a hysteri- cal, emotional excitement. II. Female Sexual Organs. Producing venous con- gestion and passive haemorrhages. III. Blood. — The blood under the use of Crocus becomes dark and stringy. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning, and during a fast; while pregnant; while in the house. 134 CROCUS SATIVUS. Cause of Amelioration. — Better while in the open air, and from eating. Condition of the Mind. — The mind is in a very vascillating mood. She is easily angered and soon repents of it.^ She may be ill-humored now and in a few minutes very lively; depression and then hilarity; sorrowful, with anxious uneasiness; pleasant, wants to sing and laugh; has a desire to kiss people. Therapeutic Range. — Hysteria, chorea, hysteric headache, melancholia and melancholia mora ; epistaxis and active haemorrhages, meteorrhagia, etc.; miscarriage. Range of Physiological Dose — The tincture of Crocus sativa, which is lo per cent, U. S. P. dose, f3j — ij. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Antidotes for Crocus, Sativa. — Aconite, Belladonna, Opium and Secale. CROTON TIGLIUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phcenogamous, or pwering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—Angiosfermce, seed in- closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\\.—Afetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Eu-phorbiacecE, and the Spurge family. GENUS.— Croiftf«. SPECIES.— 7>^//m»«. COMMON ^hMS..—Croton Oil. Description of Tree. — Croton tiglium is a small ever- green tree, from 15 to 20 feet high. The trunk is crooked and the bark light brown in color and smooth. The branches are slender and the leaves alternate and petiolate. They are 4 to 5 inches long and about 2 inches wide, ovate, serrate and bright green in color. The flowers are green, racemose and terminal. They appear from August to September. The fruit cap- sules are about the size of a hazel nut, smooth and brownish-yellow. They are 3-celled, and each cell has one seed. The seeds are about the size of a coffee bean, with a pale brown skin, which covers a smooth, thin, green shell, and an albuminous, oily white, ino- dorous kernel, the taste of which is nauseous and per- sistently acrid. 183 136 CROTON TIGLIUM. Habitat. — India and the Philippine Islands, Ceylon, Borneo, Japan, Hindostan and Moluccas. History. — The name Croton, means dog tick, from the re- semblance of the seeds. Tiglium, means Croton plant; the seeds were once called gran a tiglii, or gran a tilli. Croton Tiglium was used in medicine in the seventeenth century. It was first mentioned in Homoeopathic literature by Dr. Joret, in 1834. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The oil." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Croton oil 10 gm. Strong alcohol q. s. ad. 1000 c. c. Drug Power. — ■^\-^. How TO Make the Third Dilution. — One part tincture and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Croton Tiglium has a Physi- ological Action. — It has five special centers of action, through the abdominal sympathetic system. I. Gastro- Intestinal Canal. Here it acts as a most violent hydragogue, producing active catharsis. II. Mucous Membranes. Especially in the intestines, producing active inflammation. III. Pneumogastric Nerve. Producing nausea and violent vomiting. CROTON TIGLIUM. 137 IV. Liver. It acts as a hepatic stimulant, increas- ing the bile. V. Skin. Locally applied it will produce eczema, vesicular and pustular eruption. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning and while at rest. Cause of Amelioration. — While out walking. Therapeutic Range. — Diarrhoea and summer complaint eczema, vesicular and pustular eruptions ; inflammation of the bowels, where it is good to use internally and externally. Nausea and vomiting; excessive hepatic stimulation; cholera infantum, teething children with bowel disorder; flatulent, watery diarrhoea; gastro- enteritis. It is used externally in rheumatism, gout, neuralgia, glandular swellings, pulmonary and laryngeal difBcul- ties, bronchitis, overitis and pleurisy. One or two drops to an ounce of olive oil makes a very good application for external use. Range of Physiological Dose. — The old school recom- mend its use in dose, m, y^ — ij. The Homoeopathic preparations are better for inter- nal use ; the tincture may be used in dose, gtt. ij — v. Treatment for Poisoning. — Give the patient freely of some one or more of the following remedial agents: Milk, Olive oil, Mucilaginous drinks, white of Egg, Gelatin, Alcoholic liquids and warm, stimulating baths. DIGITALIS PURPUREA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or jlowertng ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—AngiospermcB, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l\.—Monopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Scrophulariacece, and the Fig-wort family, GENUS.— Z>?^/te/?s. SPECIES Purpura. COMMON NAME.— T^b^r Glove. Description of Plant. — Digitalis is a biennial deciduous- herb. The stem is 2 to 7 feet high. It is succulent^ downy and leafy. The leaves are 4 to 12 inches long^ ovate and contracted at the base into a petiole. They are alternate, dull green above and whitish underneath; summit leaves are smaller than the radical. They have a bitter nauseous taste. The flowers are purple^ sometimes white ; inside they are sprinkled with black spots. They are numerous, bell- shaped, and grow in terminal racemes. They appear from June to August.. Habitat.— Southern and Central Europe, also in England^ Norway, Maderia and the Azores, sandy soil and edges of woods and thickets. 13S DIGITALIS PURPUREA. 1 39 HisTorV. — The name Digitalis is derived from digitus, a finger, because of the finger-shaped corolla, or from the German vf or A jfinger hut, meaning a thimble, which, perhaps, more nearly represents the shape of the flower. Purpurea, from the Latin word -purfureus, meaning purple colored, because of its purple flowers. Fox glove is a corruption of Folks' glove, and the word Folk is a synonym of Fairies ; so it would really mean Fairies' glove. Digitalis has been used in medi- cine for a long time, probably since the sixteenth cen- tury. Hahnemann mentioned it in some of his writings in 1805. Part Used for Making Tincture. — -"The leaves of the second years growth, which should be gathered before flowering season." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Sohds 100 gm. Plant moisture 567 c. c. Strong alcohol 468 c. c. Drug Power. — 0rir- How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water, anAJive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Digitalis has a Physi- ological Action. — Through the cerebro-spinal nerv- ous system Digitalis has eleven special centers of action. 14*^ DIGITALIS PURPUREA. I. Heart. Upon the heart Digitalis acts as ' a musculo-motor stimulant, producing irregular and firm contraction. II. Arteries. It is a vaso-motor stimulant produc- ing firm arterial contractions. III. Vagi. Producing paralysis of the terminal nerves, also causing emesis and congestion. IV. Kidneys. Here it increases the blood-pressure and causes diuresis. V. Stomach and Colon. Producing congestion and inflammation. VI. Liver. Producing portal congestion, a jaun- diced condition, and through the salivary glands, salivation. VII. Sexual Organs. At first Digitalis stimulates the sexual organs, but later it produces a profound prostration. VIII. Brain. In the brain it produces congestion, delirium and coma. IX. Eyes. Producing mydriasis, chromatopsia and glandular inflammation. X. Cord. Producing a complete loss of reflex function and paralysis. XI. Temperature. Digitalis greatly lowers the temperature. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — After sleep; fronj music; from extremes of temperature in the room. The chest symptoms are aggravated on lying down, or by motion. DIGITALIS PURPUREA. I4I Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the forenoons, in moderately warm air, and while at rest. Condition of the Mind.^ — ^Very apprehensive and great anxiety, much depression and sadness, music aggra- vates. The memory is weak and it is quite difficult to think upon any subject. Therapeutic Range. — In headache, vertigo and fainting spells. In eye diseases, granular opthalmia, amaurosis, dimness of sight, muscse volitantes, optical phantasms, luminous bodies dancing before the eyes, etc. Some- times used in cough and pneumonia. Digitalis is one of our most useful remedies in diseases of the heart, weak muscles, in simple dilation, in valvular lesions, mitral insufficiency and stenosis, in irritable heart of soldiers, in cardiac dropsy, in a dynamic fever with weak heart. It is used in hydro- thorax, emphysema, pericarditis, aneurism, cynosis, and gastric and bilious affections. Digitalis may be used in appreciable doses in all cases of heart difficulty where the work is greater than the power, and should not be used in those cases where the power is greater than the work, such as hypertrophy and aortic insufficiency, when the muscles compensate. Range of Physiological Dose. — Extract of Digitalis, dose, gr. y^—y^. Fluid extract of Digitalis, dose, m, ss — ij Infusion of Digitalis (i>^ per cent), dose, f 3j — iv. 142 DIGITALIS PURPUREA. Tincture of Digitalis, U. S. P. (15 per cent), dose, m, X — XXX. Digitalinum, dose, gr. ^\ — ^\. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Treatment for Poisoning. — The stomach should be washed out, and tannic acid, or an infusion of tea or coffee, given. Stimulants should be used freely. Barthlow says that Saponin is the physiological antagonist of Digitalis. Shoemaker says that the com- pound tincture of Cinchona might be useful, as it con- tains Tannin, Alcohol and Quinine. The Chloride of Iron and the Sulphate of Iron should be thought of. The patient should be kept in a recumbent position and hot drinks given and hot water bottles placed about him. Spirits of Ammonia may be used to in- hale. Friction and artificial respiration, if necessary. DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotyledonous, or endogen- ous -plant. NAT. ORDER. — Dioscoreacece, and the Yain family. GENUS. — Dioscorea. SPECIES.— Villosa. COMMON NAME.— Wild Yam, Rheumatism Root, Devil's Bones, etc. Description of Plant. — Dioscorea is a slender deciduous, perennial vine. The stem is round and twining and grows to a length of from 5 to 15 feet. It is generally smooth, never villous, as its name would indicate. The middle leaves are nearly opposite; the radical leaves are sometimes in fours, the upper ones are alter- nate, they are petioled and somewhat pubescent un- derneath. The flowers are small and of a pale, greenish yellow color, and grow in drooping panicles or racemes. They appear in July. The root is crooked, horizontal and woody, light brown externally and white internally. It has longitudinal wrinkles, and many long tough fibers ; inodorous, with a bitter taste. Habitat. — The United States, New England States, Wis- consin and southward. It grows in moist localities and thickets. 143 144 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. History. — Dioscorea was named after Dioscorides. Dr. Nichols introduced it into Homoeopathy in 1866. Part Used for Making Tincture " The ff ash root ; gath- ered before flowering; or when the stem dies down in the autumn." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 150 c. c. Distilled water 250 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power 0iV* How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Dioscorea has a Physio- logical Action — It has three special centers of action, through the spinal and abdominal sympathetic nerves. I. Digestive Organs, producing intense neuroses of the bowels. II. Liver, producing portal congestion, with tor- pidity. III. Sfine. Here it produces an exalted reflex excitability, and paralysis. DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. I45 Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the evening and at night; from lying down, and from doubling up. Cause of Amelioration. — Standing erect, or when moving in the open air; motion, riding or walking. Condition of the Mind. — Cannot readily associate the thing with the name, or the name with the thing; calls things by the wrong name. Therapeutic Range. — Colic and diarrhoea, billious con- ditions, and haemorrhoids, gastralgia, cholera morbus; renal colic, spermatorrhcea, nocturnal emissions. Range of Physiological Dose. — Decoction of Dioscorea, dose, f § j — iv. Tincture of Dioscorea, dose, m, x — xl. Fluid extract of Dioscorea, dose, m, v — xxx. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — xv. Antidotes for Dioscorea Villosa. — Colocynth, Chloro- form, Chamomilla and Camphor. 10 DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBnogamous^ or flowering ^lant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous , or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiosperm^, seed in closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Droseracea, and the Sundew family . GENUS.— Z>roser«. ^Y^QY&'&.—Rotundifolia. COMMON ^KME..— Sun-Dew. Description of Plant. — Drosera is a low, almost stemless perennial aquatic herb. The leaves are radical and ,grow in clusters. They are orbicular, circirate and abruptly narrowed into the spreading, hairy petioles. The upper surface of the leaves is covered with long, red, viscid hairs, each bearing a small gland at the top, which, when exposed to the sun, exudes a clear, shin- ing juice; whence the name, sun dew. These hairs catch and hold insects. The flowers open only when the sun shines. They grow on a one-sided raceme which nods at the top. The root is thin, short and fibrous. Habitat. — Northern and Central Europe and the United States, from Florida northward. It grows in sandy swamps. 143 DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA. I47 History — The name, Drosera, is derived from the Greek word droseros, meaning dewy. It was used in medi- cine as early as the sixteenth century, but finally fell into disuse, and was not again taken up until 1805, when it was introduced into Homoeopathy by Samuel Hahnemann. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The entire fresh plant." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 400 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. . Drug Power. — y^. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water, and Jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Drosera has a Physiologi- cal Action. — Through the cerebro-spinal system. Drosera has at least one special and prominent center of action. I. Pneumogastric Nerve, and through this produces a marked effect upon the respiratory organs, causing irritation and cough. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the evening and at night ; immediately after lying down; from talking; at 2 a. m. 148 DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA. Condition of the Mind. — Uneasy and restless; does not like to dwell long on one subject. He is very much depressed and anxious; gloomy forebodings. Therapeutic Range. — Drosera's field of usefulness is in respiratory and bronchial difficulties, such as catarrhal affections, laryngitis, hoarseness and whooping cough. It is a good remedy in hiccough, laryngial, phthisis, etc., hay asthma, gastric catarrh and atonic dyspepsia. Range of Physiological Dose. — Fluid extract of Drosera may be given in dose, m, v — xv. The tincture of Drosera may be used in dose, m, XV— f3j. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — xx. Antidote for Drosera Rotundifolia. — Camphor is the principal Homoeopathic remedy which will antidote Drosera. DULCAMARA. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or Flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.—Monofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — SolanacecB, and the Nightshade family. GENUS . — Solanum. SPECIES. — Dulcamara. COMMON ^hM&.— Bittersweet, Violet Bloom, Scarlet Berry. Description of Shrub. — Dulcamara is a climbing, decid- uous pubescent shrub. The stem grows from 8 to lo feet high, and sometimes higher when well supported- It is woody and branching. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, cordate and pubescent beneath. The flowers are whitish purple ; they grow in lateral, extra axillary, drooping cymes. They appear from May to Septem- ber. The fruit is a many seeded, oval, red berry. The root is creeping, irregularly branched and yellow- ish green in color. It smells much like a potato. Habitat. — Europe, Asia and Africa, and is naturalized in North America. It grows on mossy banks, and vacant ground around dwellings and fences. 149 I so DULCAMARA. History. — The name Dulcamara is from the Latin, dulcisy meaning sweet, and amarus, bitter, because its taste is first bitter and then sweet. It was used in medicine in the thirteenth century. Hahnemann introduced it into the Homoeopathic practice in 1811. Part Used for Making the Tincture " The whole plant before flowering; plants growing where the rootlets run into the water are preferable." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm Plant moisture 350 c. c. Strong alcohol 685 c. c. Drug Power. — ^i^. How TO make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water, and Jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Dulcamara has a Physiolog- ical Action. — It has five special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal system. I. Cerebro-Sfinal System. Here it produces con- vulsions and paralysis. II. Mucous Membranes. It causes in the mucous membranes a catarrhal inflammation. III. Kidneys. In the kidneys it increases blood- pressure, and produces albuminuria, and catarrh. DULCAMARA. 1 5 1 IV. Sktn. In the skin it produces erythema, urti- caria, and vesicular eczema. V. Serous Membranes, producing rheumatism and rheumatoid inflammation. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the evening and at night. The symptoms are always aggravated in cold damp weather, and from cool changes in the weather; during rest. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — During the day, and from moving about; from dry warm air; after rising from sitting; nice warm weather. Condition of the Mind.^ — A sort of restless and impatient feeling; feels like scolding and yet not angry; feels somewhat quarrelsome. He can not get hold of the right word. Therapeutic Range.- — Dulcamara is a splendid remedy for all those catarrhal and rheumatic affections, which have been produced by exposure to cold, damp air; also for bad effects of retrocession of eruptions from exposure to cold damp weather. In fact Dulcamara is a pretty good remedy for a great many affections resulting from taking cold, in cold, damp weather. Skin troubles, crusta laetea, eczema, urticaria, etc. ; bronchal catarrh, asthma, whooping cough, influenza, etc. It is a good remedy for rheumatic amaurosis, rheumatic deafness, and rheumatic paralysis: Diar- rhoea, when brought on from cold, damp exposure 152 DULCAMARA. gonorrhoea, Bright's disease, and is recommended by some in intermittent fevers. Range of Physiological Dose. — Fluid extract of Dulca- mara, dose, m, xxx — f 3 j. Extract of Dulcamara, dose, gr. v — x. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Antidotes for Dulcamara. — Camphor, Ipecac, Cuprum, Mercurius, Rhus Tox, Aconite and Sulphur. ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBtiog-amous, or ficnvertng ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—AngiosfermcB, seed in- closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.—Gamofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Compositce, and the Composite family. GENUS. — Echinacea. S^^Ql^^.—Angustifolia. COMMON NAME.— Co«e flower. Description of Plant. — Echinacea angustifolia has a simple, slender, bristly-hairy stem. The leaves are bristly-hairy, lanceolate and linear-lanceolate, three- nerved, entire; involucre imbricated; rays 12 to 15 and about two inches long, rose colored or red. It blooms from June to August. Habitat. — The United States. It grows upon the plains from Ilhnois and Wisconsin southward. History. — The name Echinacea is derived from the Latin word Echinus, or the Greek Echinos, meaning a hedge hog, because it like the hedge hog is beset with prickles and bristles. Angustifolia, slender, angular plant. This drug has been recently introduced in the medical world and 133 1 54 ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA. has already found a valuable place in our Materia Medica and Therapeutics. Dr. W. B. McCoy says in "The Newer Remedies" that Echinacea was first proved by D. T. C. Zells, of Philadelphia, in 1878, and he thinks in 1888 iDy Dr. H. F. C. Meyers. " The Homoeopathic News" has the following to say about the late and valuable provings of Dr. J. C. Fahnestock of Ohio: "While echinacea angustifolia has been employed by physicians of the various schools for a number of years in conditions requiring an alterative tonic, and where septic infection was either threatened or present, the preceding is the first actual proving made on Homoeopathic principles." This refers to the proving presented to the American Institute of Homoeopathy, held at Atlantic City in 1899. Part used for Making Tincture. — "The whole fresh plant." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Distilled water 333 c. c. Strong alcohol 7°° c. c. —P. H. Mallen. Drug Power. — ■^■^. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and m'ne parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The Homoeopathic tincture, which is the first decimal dilution, and higher. echinacea angustifolia. 155 The Physiological Symptoms as Described by Dr. Fanhestock. — "After taking the tincture there is soon produced a biting, tingling sensation of the tongue, lips and fauces, not very much unlike the sensation produced by aconite. In these provers there soon followed a sense of fear, with pain about the heart and accelerated pulse. In a short time there was noticed a dull pain in both temples, a pressing pain; then shooting pains which followed the fifth pair of nerves. The next symptom produced was an accumulation of sticky mucous in mouth and fauces. Then a gen- eral languor and weakness followed, always worse in the afternoon. All the limbs felt weak and indisposed to make any motion, and this was accompanied by sharp, shooting, shifting pains. In quite a number of cases the appetite was not affected. Those using sufficient quantity of the tincture had loss of appetite with belching of tasteless gas, weakness in the stomach, pain in the right hypochondriac region, accompanied with gas in the bowels; griping pains followed by passing offensive flatus, or a loose, yellowish stool which always produced great exhaustion. After using the drug several days the face becomes pale, the pulse very much lessened in frequencj', and a general exhaustion follows, like after a severe and long spell of sickness. The tongue will then indicate slow diges- tion, accompanied with belching of tasteless gas. In most of the provers, however, there was a passing of very offensive gas and offensive stools. You will 156 ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA. observe that the remedy exerts quite an effect on the kidneys and bladder; but I am very sorry to say that the urinary analysis made did not show anything but the variations generally observed in ordinary health. After proving found a diminution of red corpuscles." Time and Cause of Aggravation. — "Worse after eating; worse in evenings; worse after physical or mental labor. " — Fahnestock. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — "Better at rest;" pains and sickness of stomach ;" better by lying down." — Fahnestock. Condition of the Mind. — "Dullness in head with cross, irritable feeling; so nervous could not study; confused feeling of the brain; felt depressed and much out of sorts; felt a mental depression in afternoons; senses seem to be benumbed; drowsy, could not read, drowsi- ness; vertigo when changing position of head; drowsy condition with yawning; becomes angry when cor- rected; does not wish to be contradicted." — Fahne- stock. Therapeutic Range. — Echinacea has proved to be of ser- vice in cholera morbus, cholera infantum, typhoid, congestive and intermittent fever septicaemia, diph- theria, malignant ulcerations, boils, carbuncles, erysi- pelas, abscesses, bites of various animals and insects, tonsillitis, malignant sore throat. It has been recom- mended also in scarlet fever and measles, rhus tox ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA. 157 poisoning, etc. Echinacea may be used both externally and internally with good effect. Range of Physiological Dose.^ — The HomcEopathic tincture of Echinacea may be given in dose, gtt. v — xx four times a day. ERYTHROXYLON COCA. BOTANICAL SERIES Y.—Phmnogamous, or flowering- BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS I Angiospermce, seed in- closed, BOTANICAL DIVISION \.—Polyfetalous. NAT. fORDER. — Erythroxylacece, and the Flax-seed family, GENUS. — Erythroxylon. SPECIES.— Coc«. COMMON NAME.— Coc«. Description of Shrub. — Coca is a bushy, perennial shrub. The stem grows to a height of from 4 to 6 feet, and is much branched. The stem bark is wrinkled, but that of the young twigs is smooth. The leaves are alter- nate, entire, lanceolate, narrowing into short petioles. They are i to 2 inches long and i to i ^ inches broad, thin, smooth, bright green above and purplish or glau- cous beneath ; midrib is prominent with a characteristic curved line on each side extending from base to apex. The flowers are yellowish in color and grow in axillary clusters on slender, drooping, glabrous stalks. Habitat. — South America. It is cultivated in Bolivia, Peru, Brazil and Columbia. It grows. mostly in damp, warm 138 ERYTHROXYLON COCA. ISp valleys and on slopes of mountains at an elevation of from 2,000 to 6,000 feet. History. — The name, Erythroxylon, is derived from the Greek erythros, red, and xylon, wood — red wood — be- cause some of its species have red wood. Coca is the native name and means tree or plant. It is said that the plant begins to yield at the age of 18 months and continues productive for 50 years. Although the commercial Coca was not introduced into England until 1870, it was used by the aborigines in South America prior to the Spanish conquest. They considered it a divine gift, used it in religious services, and spoke of it as a God-given plant, satisfying hunger, strengthening the weak and banishing man's misfor- tunes. The leaves are carefully picked to avoid break- ing them or injuring young leaf buds, which form the second crop. They are carried away in baskets, spread on floors, dried slowly in the sun and packed in bags, 25 to 50 pounds each, or tin lined boxes to better prevent deterioration in transportation. There are three or four harvests yearly, each yielding from 300 to 900 pounds per acre. The total annual yield, which is chiefly exported from Lima, is about 40,000,000 pounds. The cocaine habit is acquired by many indi- viduals because of the pleasant intoxication it pro- duces. Dr. Mueller made provings of Erythroxylon in 1856. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The leaves, recently dried and carefully selected." : l6o ERYTHROXYLON COCA. Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Erythroxylon Coca lOO gm. Distilled water 500 c. c. Strong Alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^j. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture four parts distilled water dinAJive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Trituratton, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Erythroxylon has a Physio- logical Action. — It has eight special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebrum, It produces a high degree of stimu- lation and a comfortable feeling of mental activity. II. Cord. It paralyzes the sensory nerve filaments. III. Vagi. It first acts as a stimulant and second it paralyzes the pneumogastrics. IV. Kidneys. It acts as a slight stimulant to the kidneys. V. Heart. Small doses of Coca stimulates the heart's action and large doses are inhibitory. VI. Arterioles. It increases the blood pressure be- cause it stimulates the heart and tightly contracts the arterioles. VII. Mucous Membranes. It produces complete anaesthesia of the mucous membranes. ERYTHROXYLON COCA. l6l VIII. Eyes. It produces mydriases and complete anaesthesia. Condition of the Mind. — Cerebral excitement; excited fan- cies; hallucinations, visions, etc. Patient is of a lively mood and is inclined to mental work. Depressed at times, apprehensive, irritable and morose, then the mind is much clearer and the spirits much better. Very diMigeable mood. Therapeutic Range. — Cowperthwait says: "It has been used chiefly to' promote digestion, produce sleep, re- lieve nervous excitement and alleviate spasms; also to prevent difficulty of breathing on ascending or from exertion in a highly rarified atmosphere; derangements of the nervous system from onanism or sexual excesses ; relieves nervous over-action in heart disease; insomnia from nervous excitement. It has been recommended in phthisis, pulmonalis and in gonorrhoea." Range of Physiological Dose. — Coca may be given in the fluid extract, in dose, m, x — f 3 j. The extract of Coca, dose, gr. iij — xv. The wine of Coca may be used in dose, f 3 ss — iv. The Homoeopathic tincture of Erythroxylon Coca may be given in dose, gtt. x — xxx. Cocaine hydrochlorate, dose, gr. y^ — ij. Treatment for Poisoning. — Shoemaker says : " The treat- ment isthe same as fortoxicdosesof caffeine. Morphine, atropine, chloral, amyl nitrate and chloroform, alco- hol or ether are physiological antidotes. Ammonia 1 62 ERYTHROXYLON COCA. and digitalis may likewise be made use of in order to counteract the milder toxic manifestations of cocaine. In severe cases Dr. S. Mitchell has employed with service a large teacupful of clear coffee, which can be administered cold or hot. In some cases toxic effects have apparently been produced, with great depression and imminent collapse, by extremely minute doses, as where cocaine is used as a mydriatic or applied to the throat. They can only be explained by idiosyncrasy, and the symptoms usually promptly disappear after the administration of stimulants or the inhalation of ammo- nia or ether. A form of protracted acute cocaineism has been lately described by Hallopeau, who has in several instances observed the injection of a single small dose to produce distressing symptoms, which may endure for several months." About a year ago I had a lady patient who had been to a throat specialist, who sprayed her throat with a solution of cocaine for the purpose of examina- tion. This so completely anaesthetised or partially paralyzed the muscles of deglutition that for three months she could swallow with great difficulty. An- other patient, who had cocaine applied to the gums for the purpose of having a tooth extracted, had only par- tial sensation and power in the tongue and muscles of one side of the face for several months. Static elec- tricity was used in the former case with gradual im- provement and a good recovery. EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS. BOTANICAL SERIES l. — Phmnogamous, or jiowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS I. — Angios;permce, seed inclosed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \.—Polyj>etalous. NAT. ORDER. — Myrtacece, and the Myrtle family . GENUS.— Bucalypus. SFECIES.—Glodtilus. COMMON lihME.—Boneset, Thorough -wort. Description of Plant. — Boneset is a deciduous perennial herb. It has a hairy stem which grows from 2 to 4 feet high. It is a stout, erect stem, round and branch- ing at the top. The leaves are opposite and united at the base. They are lanceolate, tapering and crenately serrate. They are rough above and downy, resinous, dotted beneath. They are 4 to 6 inches long and i to 2 inches wide. The flowers are purplish white and grow in 30 to 40 flowered heads, axillary and in terminal cymes. They appear from August to October. Habitat. — In North America, from Nova Scotia and Dakota to Florida and Louisiana. In damp, swampy places, meadows and banks. 170 EUPATORIUM PERFOLIATUM. I7I History. — The name Eupatorium means, well father, or well fathered, born of noble father. After King of Pontus, who discovered one of the species. Perf oliatum, from the Latin_^er, meaning through, and folium, a leaf, because the stem passes through the leaf. Thorough wort, from thorough, meaning through, and wort, a plant, = stem passes through the leaf. Boneset, because it relieves bone pains. Boneset is used very extensively in domestic practice. It was introduced into Homoeopathy in 1845, by Dr. William- son. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The fresh leaves and tops while in flower." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture'. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 300 c. c. Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water, andjfwe parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Eupatorium Perfoliatijm HAS A Physiological Action. — It has six special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal system. I. Sfinal Cord. It acts upon the posterior part of the spinal cord, producing a paralytic hypersesthesia. 172 EUPATORIUM PERFOLIATUM. II. Vag-t. It causes excessive nausea and produces bilious vomiting. III. Liver. Here it produces portal congestion and an excessive secretion of bile. IV. Intestines. Causing excessive hyper-catharsis. V. Lungs, producing congestion and catarrhal inflammation. VI. Shin, effecting the sudoriparous glands and causing copious diaphoresis. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning, at noon and in the open air. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — At night and while in the house. Therapeutic Range. — Intermittent and remittent fevers, cerebro-spinal meningitis, influenza and lagrippe, bilious and gastric derangements, catarrhal inflamma- tion, chronic rheumatism, etc. Range of Physiological Dose. — Fluid extract of Eupa- torium Perfoliatum, dose, m, xxx — f 3 j. Infusion of Eupatorium or bone-set tea, dose, f 5 ij — iv. Eupatorium Perfoliatum may be given in most any form in dose, gr. xv — 3 j. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. xx — xxx. EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBtiogamous, or flowering ^lant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—Angiosfermm, inclosed seed, BOTANICAL DIVISION ll.—Monopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Comfositm, and the Composite family. GEN US . — Eufatorium . SP'E.Cl'E.S.—Purpureum. COMMON NAME. — Trumfet tveed, Gravel root. Description of Plant. — Eupatorium Purpureum is a herb- aceous, perennial plant. It has a purple stem and grows to the height of 5 or 6 feet. The leaves are petiolate, ovate-lanceolate and serrate. They are placed four or five together in the form of whorls. The flowers are purple and consist of numerous florets contained in an eight-leaved calyx. The flowers appear in August and September. The root has a bitter aromatic and astringent taste. Habitat. — North America, from Canada to Virginia and southwestward to New Mexico. It grows in swamps and other low grounds. History. — Name Eupatorium, well fathered, and Purpureum, its purple color. Dr. Hale mentioned it in Homoeo- pathic literature in 1864. 178 1 74 EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids loo gm. Plant moisture 233 c. c. Distilled water 267 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — 0^^ How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, ybur parts distilled water and Jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Eupatorium Purpureum HAS A Physiological Action. — It has three special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Urinary Organs. It produces diuresis and catarrhal cystitis. II. Sfinal Cord. It acts upon the anterior portion of the spinal cord, producing a hypersesthetic condition. III. Muscular System, producing rheumatism and rheumatoid inflammation.. Time of Aggravation. — In the mornings. Time of Amelioration. — In the evening and at night. Therapeutc Range. — Vesical irritation, diabetis insipidus, vesical calculi, incontinence of urine, dysuria. It is a EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM. I 75 very valuable remedy in intermittent fever, rheumatism, atony of the sexual organs, renal dropsy. Range of Physiological Dose. — Eupatorium Purpureum may be given in dose, gr. xxx — 3 j. Infusions are sometimes used which are given in dose, Sji— ij- Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. xx — xxx. EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS. BOTANICAL SERIES \.—Phcenogamous, or -flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous plant, BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.—Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l\.—Monofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Scnophulariacece, and the Figwort family. GENUS.— Euphrasia. SVECmS.— Officinalis. COMMON NKME.—Eyebright. Description of Plant. — Euphrasia is a small annual plant. It has an erect, hairy stem, which grows to the height of about 3 to 6 inches. It has numerous opposite branches. The leaves are opposite, ovate, and bluntly dentate; the lower ones are crenate and the floral leaves are bristly-toothed. The very abundant flowers are small, solitary, white yellowish-bluish in color. They grow in leafy, axiUary spikes at the tops of stems and branches. The root is white and fibrous. It is without odor and has a bitter, astringent taste. Habitat. — The United States and Europe. History. — The name Euphrasia is taken from Euphrosine, one of the muses, expressing joy or pleasure. As a remedy for the eyes it was known as early as the 176 EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS. 1 77 fourteenth century. Samuel Hahnemann introduced it into the HomcEopathic practice in 1 8 19. Part used for Making Tincutre. — "The whole fresh plant." Formula for Making 1000 c, c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 200 c. c. Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — y'^ How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Euphrasia has a Physiologi- cal Action. — It has one special center of action, through the cerebro-spinal system. I. Mtccous Membrane. It produces in the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose and lungs, a catarrhal inflammation and mucorrhoea. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the evenings, in the warm air, in bed and in the light. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the outdoor air and in the dark. Therapeutic Range. — Euphrasia is a capital remedy in acute catarrhal opthalmia, when there are copious 12 178 BUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS. acrid secretions; acute catarrhal affections in general, conjunctivitis, nasal and bronchial catarrh, influenza, catarrhal fever, amaurosis and opacity of the cornea, headache, hay fever and measles. Range of Physiological Dose. — A ten per cent tincture may be given in dose, m, x. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — xx. Antidotes for Euphrasia. — Camphor, Pulsatilla, Bella- donna and Mercurius. FILIX MAS. BOTANICAL SERIES H.—Cryftogamous, or flowerless ^lant. BOTANICAL CLASS III. — Acrogenous, with stem and branches, and growth from the top. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS I. — Pteridopkytes, stems have woody fibre and vessels, NAT. ORDER.— i^?7«ces, and the Fern family. GENUS.— Z'ryo^i'erM. SPECIES. — Fillix Mas, Marginalis. COMMON NAME.— J/«/e Fern. Description of Plant. — Male Fern is a deciduous perennial plant. The fronds are from i to 3 feet high. They are bi-pinnate, erect, and appear much like a plume. They are on long, stiff, channelled petioles. The fruit is on the back of the fronds. It consists of minute, ovoid spores, brown in color. The fern has a dis- agreeable odor and a bitter, nauseous, astringent taste. The root is short and about one inch in diameter. It is unbranched, but has many matted fibers, forming a turfy head, which is blackish and scaly and has num- erous filiform roots. Habitat. — In North America, from Canada westward to the Rocky Mountains and southward to North Carolina Mountains; also in Europe, Asia and South America. 179 l8o FILIX MAS. History. — The name Filix, means fern, and Mas, male — male fern — which refers to its asexual fructification. It was used by the ancients, and is mentioned as a vermifuge in the works of Dioscorides, Theophrastus, Galen and Pliny. It was also noticed by some of the earlier modern writers, among whom was Hoffman. It was not very generally known, however, until about 1775. It was first mentioned in the Homoeopathic literature in 1833, by Dr. Hartman. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — • Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture : 233 c. c. Strong alcohol •. 658 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\ . How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nme parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. The Locality in which Filix Mas has its Chief Action. — I. T/ie Intestinal Canal. It is in the intestinal canal that Filix Mas exerts its greatest influence. Here it acts as a powerful parasiticide. It seems to be espec- ially poisonous to the tapeworm, if given in large doses after fasting and followed by an active cathartic, castor oil probably the best. Wood recommends that it be given in doses of two fluid ounces or one drachm of FILIX MAS. l8l the etherial extract every three hours for one day, a milk diet being observed, and followed by a brisk cathartic in the evening. Range of Physiological Dose. — Filix Mas, or Male Fern, in powder may be used in dose, 3 ss — jss. The Oleoresin, dose, f3ss — ij. Shoemaker gives the following recipe as a very efficient tseniacide : ]^ . Oleoresinee Aspidii 3 ss Ol. Peponis Expressi f S ss Ol. Terebinthinae m, xxx M. Sig. : Take at a dose after fasting and follow by a purgative. The Homoeopathic tincture of Filix Mas, dose, 3j— ij- GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS. BOTANICAL SERIES l—Pkcenogamous, or flowering BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angios-permce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.—Gamofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Loganiacece, and the Loganid family. GENUS. — Gelsemimium. SPECIES. — Sem^ervirens. COMMON 'i^iKME.— Yellow Jassamine. Description of Shrub. — Gelsemium is an evergreen climb- ing shrub. It is a beautiful climber, running up large trees and forming festoons from one to another, and when in full bloom it delightfully perfumes the entire surrounding atmosphere. The stem is twining, smooth, shining, hollow, and purplish in color. The leaves are perennial, lanceolate, entire, dark green above and paler beneath. The flowers are large and deep yellow. The corolla is funnel-shaped, from i to i^ inches long. They are fragrant and poisonous. They appear from January to April. The fruit, a flat brown capsule, is two-celled, each cell containing 4 to 6 seeds. The root is cylindrical and about 6 inches long, attaining a diameter of 2 inches, and having a cinnamon brown-colored bark, and light yellow wood, • with a rather pleasant but bitter taste. 182 GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS. 1 83 Habitat. — In the United States, southward, from Virginia to Florida and Mexico. It grows in rich, moist soil. History. — The name Gelsemium, is from the Latin, Gel- semino, meaning Jassamine, and Sempervirens, from sem-per, always, and virere, to be green — always green — or evergreen. It was introduced into the Homoeo- pathic literature by Dr. Frinks, in 1836. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 233 c. c. Distilled water 167 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and stx parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Gelsemium has a Physio- logical Action. — It has eight special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebro-S final System. In the centric motor and sensational nerves it produces paralysis and con- gestion. II. Lungs. Here it produces paralysis of the respiratory center, and asphyxia. 184 GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS. III. Eyes. It contracts the pupils, paralyzes the muscles, and causes diplopia and ptosis. IV. Heart. Upon the heart it lessens the blood pressure and produces paralysis. V. Temperature. The temperature is lowered in disease. VI. Male Sexual Organs. It produces paralysis of the muscles and causes emissions and impotence. VII. Female Sexual Organs. Here it produces motor spasms, paralysis and neuralgia. VIII. Urinary Organs. It produces paralysis of the sphincter, diuresis and enuresis. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — After midnight and in damp and changeable weather; sudden emotions, and from wine, or- from fright; also by rest and warmth in bed; from walking and from smoking. Cause of Amelioration. — In the open air, and from contin- ual motion; cold. Condition of the Mind. — Mental faculties are very dull. He cannot think or fix his attention. He is very sensi- tive and irritable and wants to be let alone. Incoher- ent talk in sleep with delirium; half- wake delirium, may be unconsciousness. Immobility, as in a cataleptic fit. Pupils dilated, eyes closed. Therapeutic Range. — Cowperthwait gives the following, which covers the ground, excepting, perhaps, to men- tion and underscore Lagriffe, "Complaints from bad or exciting news; from fright; from the anticipation of GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS. 185 some unusual ordeal; in assthenic types of fever; remit- tent, intermittent, typhoid ; exanthemata ; in eruptive fevers, especially with tendency to convulsions; in catarrhs of mucous membranes; watery mucus, never purulent discharges; amaurosis, neuralgia, epilepsy, convulsions, paralysis, hysteria, locomotor ataxia, nervous chills; cerebro-spinal meningitis; spinal and cerebral congestion;, rheumatism, myalgia, dysmen- orrhoea; ovarian irritation; delayed or ineffective labor pains ; rigid os uteri ; false labor pains ; abortion ; puer- peral convulsions; enuresis." Range of Physiological Dose. — Generally the dose of Gelsemium should range between gr. ij — xx. Fluid extract of Gelsemium, U. S, P., dose, m, ij — x. Tincture of Gelsemium, U. S. P. (15 per cent), dose, m, V — XX. Gelsemine, the active principle, dose, gr. ^^^ — -^^^. Hornoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Treatment for Poisoning. — Shoemaker, in his Materia Med- ica and Therapeutics says : "In cases suffering with toxic symptoms from an overdose, diffusible stimulants, hot drinks, friction to the surface of the body, and artificial respiration are useful, after the evacuation of the con- tents of the stomach. Hypodermic injections of mor- phine and atropine are antagonistic to gelsemium. Tannic acid and caustic alkalies and their carbonates are chemically incompatible. In case of poisoning with gelsemium, the stomach should be promptly emp- tied by an emetic or the stomach pump. External l86 GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS. heat should then be employed, together with cardiac and respiratory stimulants, as digitalis, ammonia, atropine, and strychnine." He further says: "The smallest quantity of gelseminm which is known to have caused death is a teaspoonful of the fluid extract. In one fatal case Professor Wormley estimated that the quantity of the fluid extract taken was equivalent to I grain of gelsemine." GERANIUM MACULATUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phtenogamotis, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.-^Angiosfermce, seed in- closed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Geraniacem, and the Geranium family. GENUS. — Geranium. SFECmS. —Maculatum. COMMON NAME.— Wild Craneshill. Description of Plant. — Geranium Maculatum is a decidu- ous, perennial herb. The stem grows to the height of from I to 2 feet. It is green, erect and hairy. The leaves are opposite, palmately 5 to 7 lobed, each lobe incised at extremity, wedge-shaped, hairy and pale green with paler spots. The root leaves are large and on long hairy petioles; the st.em' leaves are on short petioles. The flowers are purple and appear in small terminal, cymose umbels. They bloom from April to June. The root is thick, cylindrical, branched, pale- brown, and gives off filiform rootlets. Habitat. — In North America, from Canada through the United States. It grows in rich woods and thickets. History. — The name Geranium is from geranos, meaning a crane, because of the resemblance of the fruit-beak to 187 loo GERANIUM MACULATUM. a crane's bill. Maculatum, from the Latin maculatus, meaning spotted, because the leaves acquire white spots by age. Geranium has been used in pharmacy since 1829. Dr. Beckwith introduced it into the Homoeopathic practice in 1870. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh root." Formula for Making 1000 c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 200 c. c. Distilled water. 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended.^ — The second decimal potency and higher. The tincture, however, will be found very efficacious in many cases. Physiological Action of Geranium. — In moderate doses Geranium causes constipation attended with but fruit- less attempts at evacuation; some pain in the stomach and bowels, and tenesmus when a stool is gained; stool odorless. Its action will be seen to differ, but slightly, if at all, from that of Acidum Tannicmn, which should be studied in this connection. — Mills- ■paugh. GERANIUM MACULATUM. 1 89 Therapeutic Range. — From the slight Homoeopathic prov- ing of Geranium it is recommended in constipation of people of sedentary habits, nervous temperament and suffering from overwork. Diarrhoea, With but little pain and of a watery character, containing undigested food and traces of mucus. Sicli Headache, Dr. Holcombe recommends it in headache of needle-women and of others confined at wearisome and exhausting indoor labors. Astringent and Hcemostatic. It is here that Gera- nium finds its most useful field. In all forms of hgemorrhage, whether internal or external, if properly handled, it can be rehed on to do its work without harmfu results. In haemoptysis and heematemesis it has gained a reputation when other styptics have failed. Haemorrhage from the kidneys and intestinal canal, and epistaxis may be speedily checked by using Geranium internally and by applying it in a diluted form in the nasal passage. Haemorrhage resulting from extracting teeth, menorrhagia, gastric ulcers, post-partum heemorrhage, acute dysentery. In con- sumption it will modify the night sweats and cough and control the diarrhoea which is so often annoying. In chronic bronchitis with relaxed bronchial membrane it has proved itself a good remedy. Relaxation of tbe uvula may be relieved by applying the strong tincture. In bad stomachs of hard drinkers Geranium is a good remedy. It is recommended, locally, in chronic gon- orrhoea and gleet. It should be used in about a 15 to ipO GERANIUM MACULATUM. 25 per cent solution. It may be used in the treatment of leucorrhoea and uterine catarrh when there is gen- eral relaxation of tissue. Haemorrhoids and prolapsus of the bowels, nasal polypus, chronic ulcers and bed sores. In all these local difficulties it may be used in dilute form, as the case demands. Geranium is valu- able in the treatment of sore mouth, either mercurial or other, spongy gums, etc. Shoemaker gives the following recipe, which I think is very useful, as a throat and mouth wash : ;p . Potassii Chloratis 3 ij Ext. Geranii fl f 3 vj Glycerin! f | j Aquae Rosae q. s. ad f 3 vj M. Sig. : Add a tablespoonful to two tablespoonsful or more of water and use as a gargle. Range of Physiological Dose. — Extract of Geranium, dose, gr. j— v. Fluid extract of Geranium, dose, m, xxx — f 3 j. The Homoeopathic tincture of Geranium may be given in dose, m, v— ^f 3 j. HAMAMELIS VIRGINICA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBnogamous, or flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiosferma, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Hamamelacece, and the Witch Hazel family. GENUS. — Hamamelis. SPECIES.— Virginica. COMMON NAME.— Witch Hazel. Description of Shrub. — Hamamelis is a deciduous, woody shrub, from 5 to 15 feet high, and about 3 to 6 inches thick. The stem is crooked and the wood whitish in color. The bark is brown and smooth when young, when old it becomes gray and somewhat fissured. The leaves are oval, straight-veined, wavy dentate and somewhat downy when young, but becoming smooth with age. They are from 3 to 6 inches long. The flowers are greenish yellow, and appear in small axil- lary heads, usually surrounded by a scale-like three- leaved involucre. They bloom in September and October. 191 192 HAMAMELIS VIRGINICA. Habitat. — North America, Canada and the United States, from Minnesota to Louisiana. It grows in damp woods, in thickets and on ditch banks. History. — The name Hamamelis is derived from hama, meaning with, and melon, apple, because the flowers and fruit grow together on .the tree. Virginica, f rom Virginian, oi or belonging to Virginia, its original habitat. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice by Dr. Preston's proving in 1851. Part Used for Making Tincture "The fresh bark of the roots and twigs." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 1 50 c. c. Distilled water 250 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — 0yV' How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Hamamelis has a Physi- ological Action. — It has six special centers of action, through the spinal nervous system. HAMAMELIS VIRGINICA. I93 I. Venous System. In the venous systerii Hama- melis produces congestion and inflammation; varicosis and haemorrhages. II. Male Sexual Organs. Here it produces neu- roses, orchitis and varicosis. III. Female Sexual Organs. It produces ovarian neuralgia and passive haemorrhage. IV. Digestive Organs. In the digestive organs Hamamelis causes hasmatemesis and haemorrhoids. V. Lungs. It produces hcemoptysis. VI. Fibrous Tissue. Rheumatism and rheumatoid inflammation. Therapeutic Range. — Hamamelis is a splendid remedy for venous heemorrhages from any or all parts of the body. Bleeding haemorrhoids, metrorrhagia, vaginismus ovaritis, orchitis and neuralgia of the testicles. In varicosis Hamamelis is one of the best remedies, phle- bitis, phlegmasia alba dolens, haemorrhage from the bowels, dysmenorrhcea. As a topical application in sore nipples, bed sores and wounds, it has proved itself a splendid remedy. Pond's Extract makes a very nice application for sprains, bruises, and superficial inflam- mation. When diluted with two or three parts water it makes a good mouth wash, or nasal spray. For catarrh or haemorrhage of the bladder it may be prop- erly diluted and injected. Leg ulcers, especially those caused by varicosed veins, it may be used in the form of a lotion or ointment. A 20 per cent ointment is recom- mended for erysipelas, burns, bruises, eczema and 13 194 HAMAMELIS VIRGINICA. herpes. Solutions are used for pain and stiffness of muscles, in chronic rheumatism, carbuncles, chancroid, freckles, hyperhydrosis, frost bites, etc. It is worthy a trial in fissures and ulcers of anus and rectum, also in gonorrhoea and leucorrhoea. Hamamelis is very much used by all schools of medicine and in domestic practice. Range of Physiological, Dose. — Fluid extract of Hama- melis, dose, m, x — f 3 j. Distilled extract of Witch Hazel, dose, f 3 j — ij. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. xx — xxx. Antidote for Hamamelis. — When given Homoeopathic- ally, Pulsatilla will antidote Hamamelis. HELLEBORUS NIGER. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phanogamous, or flowering ^plant. BOTANICAL CLASS l.-^Dicotyledonous, or exogenous flant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—AngiosfermcB, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Ranunculacece, and the Crowfoot family. GENUS— Helledorus. SPECIES.— JViger. COMMON NAME.— Christmas Rose. Description of Plant. — Helleborus Niger is a perennial nearly evergreen herb. The leaves are on long foot- stalks, which come directly from the root. These leafstalks are cylindrical, tapering, smooth, shining and pale green, mottled with red. . The leaves are deeply divided into several nearlys eparate lobes, coarsely ser- rate, dark green above and paler below. The flowers grow on a scape which is shorter than the petioles. They are at first pinkish-white and later they become greenish. They bloom in mid-winter, from December to March, which accounts for the common name, Christmas Rose. The root is fleshy, cylindrical, knotty and brittle. It is brownish black in color and from I to 3 inches long. It has many straight, brown, fibrous rootlets. 193 196 HELLEBORUS NIGER. Habitat. — Central and southern Europe. In the mountains and wooded regions. It is cultivated in gardens for the beauty of its flower. History. — Helleborus is the classical name. The ancients had a plant of the same name which they held in high esteem as a cure for insanity. Hahnemann introduced it into the Homoeopathic practice in 1805. Part Used for Making Tincture. — ■" The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 200 c. c. Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — 0j:V- How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Helleborus has a Physi- ological Action. — It has eight special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Glands. Especially the salivary glands, pancreas and liver. In these it increases the secretion. II. Stomach. Through the vagi it produces nausea and violent vomiting. III. Intestinal Canal. Here it produces gastro- enteritis and acts as a hydragogue cathartic. HELLEBORUS NIGER. 'I97 IV. Kidneys. In the kidneys ' it produces conges- tion, inflammation and albuminuria. V. Circulation. It increases the blood-pressure and decreases the heart beats. VI. Brain. In the brain it produces congestion, inflammation and effusion. VII. Spinal Cord. In the spinal cord it causes congestion, inflammation, effusion and paralysis. VIII. Serous Membranes. It produces in the serous membranes an inflammation and dropsiCal effusion. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Burt says: "Head symptoms in the morning, skin symptoms in the even- ing; bowels, after eating and drinking; during denti- tion and exertion." Cause of Amelioration. — Feels better while in the open air and when the mind is busied at something; also while sitting with the head bent forward. Condition of the Mind. — The mind is very stupid and inac- tive; much insensibility. He is very silent, melan- choly and homesick; must put forth an extra effort to think of what he is doing or the muscles will not act properly; becomes anxious, with much anguish at times. Therapeutic Range. — Hydrocephalus, hydrothorax. In fact Helleborus may be a good remedy in all dropsical affections of the brain, chest or abdomen, sudden swell- ing, anasarca, dropsy after scarlet fever and measles, kidney difficulties and cystitis, depressed sexual instinct. ipS HELLEBORUS NIGER. gastrodinia, Asiatic cholera, puerperal mania, melan- cholia, imbecility, neuralgia and convulsions, intermit- tents, etc. Range of Physiological, Dose. — Dose, gr. iv — xv. The Homoeopathic tincture of Helleborus, dose, gtt. Treatment for Poisoning. — The general principles of treatment for poisoning should be followed and milk and Opium prescribed. HELONIAS DIOICA. BOTANICAL SERIES I Pk The fresh plant of the second year's growth." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 450 c. c. Strong alcohol. 585 c. c. Drug Power. — ■^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, /our parts distilled water, a.ndjive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Hyoscyamus has a Physio- logical Action. — It has nine special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal system. I. Brain. Here it produces a delirium which is of a violent, loquacious and quarrelsome nature. It also causes insomnia. HYOSCYAMUS NIGER. 207 II. Spinal Cord. It acts upon the motor tract of the spinal cord, producing convulsions and paralysis. III. Eyes. Upon the eye it acts as a powerful mydriatic. IV. Ears. It produces paresis of the auditory nerve and deafness. V. Digestive Organs. It paralyzes all sphincter muscles. VI. Intestines. Here it causes involuntary diarrhoea. VII. Urinary Organs. It paralyzes the sphincters and produces diuresis. VIII. Circulation. The circulation is slowed and the blood-pressure is increased. IX. Temperature. It first increases the tempera- ture and later diminishes it. Time. AND Cause of Aggravation. — In the evenings and at night; after eating and drinking; during menstruation; jealousy and unhappy love. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — During the day, on stooping, from the use of coffee and from smoking. The cough is better from sitting up. Condition of the Mind. — Very restless delirium, throws himself about and kicks the cover off. Answers prop- erly when spoken to, but immediately lapses off into stupor and delirium, illusions and hallucinations. In his delirium he fears that he will be wrongly dealt with, poisoned or sold. He sings amorous and obscene songs; has lascivious mania, uncovers the body, espec- 2o8 HYOSCYAMUS NIGER. ially the sexual parts, animated talk, foolish laughter, all kinds of ridiculous gestures and foolish actions. Therapeutic Range. — Hyoscyamus is a good remedy in bad effects from jealousy and unhappy love, convulsions, spasms, cramps, epilepsy, chorea and other spasmodic affections, excessive nervous excitement, mania, etc.; encephalitis, delirium tremens, apoplexy, hysterical convulsions, puerperal convulsions and tatanus, hydro- phobia, paralysis of the sphincters, puerperal mania, nymphomania, metrorrhagia, hiccough and whooping cough. Range of Physiological, Dose. — Extract of Hyoscyamus may be given in dose, gr. ^ — ^j. The fluid extract of Hyoscyamus, dose, m, j — v. Tincture of Hyoscyamus (15 per cent), dose, m, XX — ^3j. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Treatment for Poisoning. — Evacuate the stomach with pump or by emetic, apply cold to the head and warmth to the feet. Tannic acid may be given. Stimulants, such as brandy and coffee, should be used, .Opium or Morphine to control nervous symptoms. HYPERICUM PERFORATUM. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBnogamous, or jlo-wering ^lant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous -plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.— Anglos ferma, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polyfetalous. NAT. (yR.T>^^.—Hyfericace^.—Myristica. SPECIES. — Fragrans, or Moschata. COMMON ^KMS..— Nutmeg. Description of Trke. — Nux moschata is a cultivated, ever- green tree, which grows to the height of 25 to 50 feet. It has numerous spreading branches, and is covered with a grayish-brown, smooth bark. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, simple, oblong, accuminate, smooth, dark green above and paler- beneath. The flowers are greenish-white or yellowish, 2 to 6 in number, and appear in small axillary racemes. The fruit is pendu- lous, smooth and yellow in color, about 3 inches long and 2 inches wide. It resembles a peach, is solitary and smooth, with a longitudinal groove on one side, and bursts in two pieces, exposing the false arillus. The seed has a thick, hard shell, its removal after dry- ing exposes the nuclei of the seed, which is the nutmeg of commerce. 280 NUX MOSCHATA 25 1 Habitat. — Molucca Islands, cultivated in tropics, India, Phil- lipine Islands, South America, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, etc. History. — Nux moschata is the French name. The Latin name myristica, means to annoint, or besprinkle with perfume. It has a fragrant odor. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice in 1833, by Dr. Helbig. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The' dried seed coarsely powdered." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Nux moschata. . lOO gm. Strong alcohol looo c. c. Drug Power.- — Q^, TT* How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The first decimal potency and higher in both the dilution and trituration. Nerve Centers upon which Nux Moschata has a Physiological Action. — It has three special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal system. I. Cerebrospinal System. It produces insomnia, hyperassthesia and paralysis. II. Ovario-uterine Organs. It produces a condi- tion of hysteria. III. Digestive Organs. It causes indigestion and great dryness of the mouth. 252 NUX MOSCHATA. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In cold, wet weather; in the open air; at night; from washing or getting wet; from motion, or riding in a carriage; from drink- ing spirituous liquors. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In dry, settled weather. In the house, protected from the wind and weather; from warmth and during rest. Condition of the Mind. — Very changeable mood, alter- nate laughing and crying; feels lively, with a disposition to jest and laugh at little things, then very gloomy, with weeping mood. Loss of memory, cannot think, absent-mindedness. Therapeutic Range. — Hysteria, spasms, fainting fits, con- vulsions, epilepsy, nervous affections of the heart, par- alysis of the tongue, aesophagus and eyelids, catalepsy, cardialgia, summer complaint, worms, enlargement of the liver, dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, menstrual derangements, leucorrhoea, uterine hsemorr- hages, and uterine displacement. Range of Physiological Dose. — Nux moschata, dose, gr. V — XX. Oil of Nutmeg, dose, m, j — v. Spirit of Nutmeg, dose, f 3j — ij. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. xx — ^xxx. Antidotes for Nux Moschata. — -Camphor, Nux vomica, Opium, Zincum, Valerian. NUX VOMICA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS Y.—AngiosfermcB, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.—Monofetalous. NAT. ORDER. — LoganiacecB, and the Logania family . G'^n\}^.—Strychnos. SPECIES.— 7V« r, and Jive parts strong qlcohol. 26o OPIUM. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the third decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Opium has a Physio- logical Action. — It has fifteen special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Brain. It produces an intense congestion of the brain and profound coma. II. Spinal Cord. It produces complete anaesthesia of the posterior part of the spinal cord. III. Vagi. It produces paralysis of the respiratory center and asphyxia. IV. Eyes. It produces oculo-motor paralysis, and the pupils become greatly contracted. V. Heart. From paralysis of the vagus the pulsa- tions are lessened. VI. Vaso-Motor System. Small doses excite the vaso-motor system and large doses paralyze it. VII. Digestive Organs. The appetite is destroyed and the thirst is increased. VIII. Mucous Membranes. The secretions are completely arrested. IX. Stomach. It causes nausea and vomiting. X. Intestinal Canal. Opium produces obstinate constipation. XL Kidneys. It diminishes the secretions and increases the solids, which aids in the formation of calculi. OPIUM. 261 XII. Male Sexual Organs. It at first produces venereal excitement and later impotence is the result of its action. XIII. JFemale Sexual Organs. At first the menses are increased and later they become completely sus- pended. XIV. Skin. The skin becomes copper-colored. It causes excessive diaphoresis and eruptions, prurigo and eczema. XV. Nutrition. Nutrition is destroyed. The pa- tient emaciates and becomes a hopeless imbecile, and usually they are chronic liars ; cannot be relied upon at all. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night and in the morning, from stimulants, during rest, from warmth and while perspiring. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — During the day and and early evening, from cold and from motion. Condition of the Mind. — Consciousness is completely lost, the breathing is slow and stertorious. The patient is delirious and insensible to external impressions. The eyes are wide open and glistening. The face is red and puffed up. Very dull and stupid, as if drunk. Therapeutic Range. — Cowperthwait says: "Ailments from fright or emotion, after fright, fear of the fright still remaining; ailments from charcoal vapors; ailments from lead in paints, pipes and otherwise; lead colic, delirium tremens, apoplexia, cerebral paralysis, con- vulsions, trismus, epilepsy, constipation, diarrhoea. 262 OPIUM. typhoid fevers, dry cough, mania-a-potu, puerperal mania, traumatic or idiopathic tetanus, atony of the stomach and acute cardialgia, vomiting, etc., incar- cerated hernia, nymphomania and impotence. Range of Physiological Dose. — The deodorized Opium is used in dose, gr. ss — j. The extract of Opium, dose, gr. y^ — J^. Powdered Opium, dose, gr. ss — j. The one grain Opium pills, made from the powdered Opium, dose, one pill. Dover's Powder, which is made of one part each of Ipecac and Opium and eight parts sugar of milk, dose, gr. V — X. Tincture of Opium or Laudanum, dose, m, j — xx. Tincture of deodorized Opium, dose, m, j — xx. The tincture of Ipecac and Opium, which is fluid Dover's powder, dose, m, v — x. Tincture Opii Camphorata, or Paregoric, dose, f3j— Sss. Wine of Opium (lo per cent), dose, m, v, — xx. Vinegar of Opium (lo per cent), dose, m, v — xx. Dewees's Carminative, dose, f 3 ss — iv. Brown Mixture, dose, f 3J — § ss. Codeine, dose, gr. y^ — ij. Morphine, dose, gr. ^^ — V^- , Morphine Acetate, dose, gr. \ — %. Morphine Hydrochlorate, dose, gr. \ — %. Morphine Sulphate, dose, gr. -| — )^. Apomorphine Hydrochlorate, dose, gr. -^-^ — ^. OPIUM. 263 Compound Morphine powder, or Tully's powder, dose, gr. v — xv. Chloradyne, dose, m, v — x. Swedish cholera drops, or Thielemann's cholera drops, dose, f 3 j — ij. Syrup of Poppy-Capsules, to child, £333 — j; to adult, f 5 ss — j. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — xv. Treatment for Poisoning. — -First evacuate the stomach. This may be done by the use of the stomach pump, which should be used repeatedly, or by giving Sulphate of Zinc or Ipecacuanha. If emetics are used they must be given in large doses, because of the insensitive con- dition of the stomach. Apomorphine may be given hypodermically. A tablespoonful of mustard or alum given in water serves very well in these cases. Tannic acid may be used as a chemical antidote. Large quantities of warm coffee may be injected into the stomach and rectum. Artificial respiration should be practiced and every effort made to keep the patient breathing. The circulation should be kept up by massage, rubbing, etc. The surface of the body may be stimulated by the faradic brush, or by whipping with twigs or the fringed ends of towels. The patient should be kept walking about as much as possible until the opium effects have passed off, but the strength of the patient should be watched and the violent exercise not practiced beyond endurance. Atropine, Caffeine or Strychnine may be used very cautiously, but not beyond physiological doses. Permanganate of 264 OPIUM. Potassium is the new chemical antidote and is highly recommended in these cases. The catheter should be frequently used. Remember the three very important things, viz : Evacuate the stomach, maintain respira- tion and keep up the circulation. PASSIFLORA INCARNATA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or flowering' ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \.-~Angiospermerma, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polypetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Berheridacea, and the Barberry family. GEN \JS.— Podophyllum. SVECmS.—Peltatiim. COMMON NAME.— J/ay App)le, Mandrake, Duck's Foot. Description of Plant. — Podophyllum is a perennial herb. The stem is about i foot high and pale-green in color. It divides near the summit into two petioles, each bear- ing a palmately 5 to 7 lobed peltate leaf, which is 4 to 6 inches wide; the segments are wedged-shaped, coarsely toothed at their ends and glacoiis green. The petioles are about 3 inches long. The flower which is borne at the fork of the petioles, is white, single and nodding; it appears in May. The fruit is about I to 2 inches long, yellow in color and oval in shape; it appears in July and August. The root is smooth, horizontal and cylindrical, about a foot or more in length and about J^ inch thick. It gives off a few fibrous rootlets; the annual growth being distinguisha- ble by scars of previous stems. 276 PODOPHYLLUM PELTATUM. 277 Habitat. — It is indigenous throughout the United States; found in rich woods and thickets, and in moist, low marshy ground. History. — The name Podophyllum is taken from -pons, mean- ing a foot, and phyllon, a leaf, because its S to 7 parted leaf resembles the foot of aquatic birds or domestic fowls, as ducks, etc.; hence the common narne duck's foot. Peltatum, from the Latin feltatus, having a pelta or light shield, because the petioles are attached to the middle of lamina, which gives it the appearance of a shield. Dr. Williamson introduced it into the Homoeo- pathic practice, in 1842. Part Used for Making. Tincture. — " The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 350 c. c. Strong alcohol 683 c. c. Drug Power. — :^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the third decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher; prepared from the dried roots. 278 podophyllum peltatum. Nerve Centers upon which Podophyllum has a Physi- ological Action. — It has four special centers of action through the abdominal sympathetic nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes. It produces inflammation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and small intestines. II. Intestinal Canal. It causes drastic catharsis and duodenitis. III. Salivary Glands. It produces copious saliva- tion. IV. Liver. It is an hepatic stimulant, greatly increasing the bile. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — From 2 to 4 in the morning, and from cold. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the evenings, and from external warmth. Condition of the Mind. — He is very much depressed, thinks he will die or will be very sick; delirium; loquacity during the heat; forgetting afterwards what has passed. Therapeutic Range. — Bilious conditions and hepatic affec- tions in general; congestion of liver; acute and chronic inflammation of the liver ; jaundice, gallstones, diarrhcea of infants, cholera infantum, chronic diarrhcea, dysin- tery, haemorrhoids, torpor of the liver, constipation, colic, enteritis, lead colic, bilious fever, dyspepsia, gas- tritis, ptyalism, bad effects of mercury, intermittent fever, leucorrhoea, prolapsus uteri, disorders of preg- nancy. PODOPHYLLUM PELTATUM. 279 Range of Physiological Dose. — Fluid extract of Podophl- lum, dose, m, xxx. Extract of Podophyllum, do^e, gr. ij — iv. Resin of Podophyllum, dose, gr. j4 — ]"• Podophyllotoxin, dose, gr. ^^ — i. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. xx — xxx. Antidotes for Podophyllum. — Nux vomica, Lactic Acid, Colocynth and Leptandra. Salt is supposed to increase its action. POLYPORUS OFFICINALIS. BOTANICAL SERIES W.—Cryftogamous, or jlowerless plant. BOTANICAL CLASS lll.—Acrogenous, or flant with stem and branches, growing only from apex. Spores in place of seeds. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l\.— Thallophyics, has neither true woody fibre or vessels. NAT. ORDER. — Fungi, and the Mushroom family. GENUS.— C/0f?ce7^s. SPECIES. — Officinalis, or Boletus. COMMON NAME. — Larch Agaric, Purging Agaric. Description of Plant — Polyphorus is a fungus, grow- ing on a larch tree. It is shaped somewhat like a horse's hoof and grows to various sizes, from the size of a fist to that of a child's head. The concrete hymenium has a corky, fleshy, pileus of sub-rotund, yellowish pores. We find it in commerce after it has been deprived of its hard, reddish outer coat, and consists of a white, spongy, farinaceous, friable mass. It is quite difBcult to pulverize, as it flattens by rub- bing, but may be readily grated into a powder. Its odor is faint, and taste sweetish, after-taste, acrid and lastingly bitter. Habitat. — In central and southern Europe, also in Siberia and in the northern part of Asia. It is found on old larch trees, and is collected in autumn and winter. 280 POLYPORUS OFFICINALIS. 281 History. — The name Polyporus is derived from -polus, mean- ing many, and poros, a passage, because it has many pores. It was officinal from 1830 to 1840. It was introduced into the Homoepathic practice by Dr. Burt, in 1865. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The dried fungus as imported." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Polyporus officinalis 100 gm. Distilled water ; 400 c. c- Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ,i„ . How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Polyporus Officinalis has a Physiological Action. — It has three special centers of action through the abdominal sympathetic nervous system. I. Gasiro-Intestinal Canal. It produces conges- tion and watery, mucous, bloody stools. II. Liver. Here it produces congestion, also torpidity and jaundice. III. Cerebrospinal System. The effects here are very similar to those of malaria. 282 POLYPORUS OFFICINALIS. Time and Cause of Aggravation.- — In the morning and fore part of the day ; open air and damp weather. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — At night; from eat- ing and from acids. Condition of the Mind. — Very much depressed and indis- posed to mental exertion, restless and uneasy, bad dreams, disposition to yawn and stretch, dull and sleepy. Therapeutic Range. — Polyporus is a good remedy in diarrhoea and dysentery, especially of a chronic form;, congestion and torpidity of the liver, in all affections where billious symptoms predominate, great languor, dull and sleepy condition, jaundice; intermittent fevers,, especially those of spring, summer or winter, malarial sweats and night sweats; chronic bowel diseases and billious intermittents is where Polyporus will be found the most useful ; phthisis with copious night sweats and diarrhoea. Range of Physiological Dose. — Polyporus may be given' in the powdered form in dose, gr. x — xxx. The extract of Polyporus, or the extractum Agarici,. dose, gr. iij — vj. Tincture of Polyporus, or tinctura Agarici, dose,^ m, XX — Ix. The Agaricin may be given in dose, gr. ^^ — j. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — xx. Antidotes for Polyporus Officinalis. — Camphor, Wine and Acids. PULSATILLA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Ph.—Anthelmia. COMMON NKlsm.—Pink Root, Worm Grass. Description of Plant. — Spigelia is an annual herb. The stem is from i to ij^ feet high; it is rounded, upright and fistulous. The leaves are four in number, terminal and grow in the form of a cross. They are sessile, lanceo- late, entire and glabrous. The flowers are white and appear in thin, elongated spikes. They bloom in Jul}'. The root is blackish, hairy and divided into numerous long, thin branches. The fresh plant has a nauseous, persistant taste and a fetid odor. Habitat. — It is indigenous to South America and the West Indies. History. — The name, Spigelia, is given in honor of Prof. Adrian von der Spigel, who was professor of anatomy and surgery at Pauda, and the Flemish botanist who 342 SPIGELIA. 343 first gave directions for preparing an herbarium. It was admitted to the Alopathic pharmacopeia in 1751. Hahnemann introduced it into the Homoeopathic prac- tice in 1819. Part Used for Making Tincture. — ■" The dried herb." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Spigelia ; 100 gm. Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 824 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\ . How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and ntne parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the second decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Spigelia has a Physio- logical Action. — It has four special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system- I. Digestive Organs. It acts as a vermicide and as a mild cathartic. II. Cerebrospinal System. It produces neuralgia, vertigo and convulsions. III. Eyes. It produces mydriasis, rheumatic opthalmia and neuralgia. IV. Heart. It produces rheumatism of the heart, and excessive palpitation. 344 SPIGELIA. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — The symptoms are aggravated from morning till midnight, from cold, from motion, from touch, from noise and from turning the eyes. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — Better after mid- night, during rest and from warmth. Condition of the Mind. — Very much disinclined to mental work; the memory is very weak. Therapeutic Range. — Spigelia is a very useful remedy in neuralgia of the fifth pair of nerves. It is also a splen- did remedy in rheumatic and neuralgic affections of the heart, organic diseases of the heart, rheumatic opthal- mia and vermicular affections. Range of Physiological Dose. — The tincture of Spige- lia may be given in dose, m, v — x. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — -xv. Antidotes for Spigelia. — Camphor, Pulsatilla, Cocculus indicus and Aurum. STAPHYSAGRIA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBuogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledotious, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiospermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polypetalous. NAT, ORDER. — RanuncidacecB, and the Crowfoot family. G'E^US.—Delpkinum. SPECIES. — Staphysagria. COMMON NAME.— 5te»cs«cre. Description of Plant. — Staphysagria is an annual or ornamental herb. The stem is from 3 to 4 feet high, stout, upright, cylindrical, branched and downy. The leaves are from 4 to 5 inches broad, palmately S to 9 parted, and on long, hairy petioles. The light-blue or purplish flowers grow in lax racemes, the pedicles are long, stout and hairy. They bloom from April to August. The fruit consists of three downy capsules, in each of which are about twelve seeds packed in two rows. The seeds are about J^ of an inch long; they are four-sided, pyramidal, sharp angled, testa brownish-gray and wrinkled, enclosing a soft, whitish, oily albumen. Habitat. — Mediterranean basin, and cultivated in France and Italy. It grows in waste and shady places. 343 34^ STAPHYSAGRIA. History. — The name, Staphysagria, means dried grape or wild grape, because its fruit resembles a cluster of wild grapes. Stavesacre is only a corruption. Delphinum, from delfhinus, a dolphin, because the unopened flowers are shaped like a dolphin's head. Staphysagria was known to the ancients in the time of Hippocrates. Hahnemann introduced it into the Homoeopathic prac- tice in 1819. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The seeds." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Staphysagria 100 gm. Strong alcohol 1000 c. c Drug Power. — ^^ . How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Staphysagria has a Physio- logical Action. — It has at least four special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Genito- Urinary Organs. It causes irritation and chronic inflammation of the prostatic portion of the urethral mucous membrane, sometimes extending to the ejaculatory canals and seminal ducts, causing sper- matorrhoea, etc. II. Cerebrum. It produces a pressive, stupefying headache, as if the brain were compressed. STAPH YSAGRIA. 347 III. Digestive Tract. The teeth turn black, crumble and decay. The gums become swollen, spongy, sensitive, and bleed easily. There is hiccough, and much flatulence in the whole abdomen. IV. Skin. Herpes and chronic miliary eruptions. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night and in the morning, from sexual excesses, from loss of fluids, from onanism, from touch. Condition of the Mind. — Children are very peevish, push things away indignantly, very sensitive, very indignant over what others do; memory is very weak, especially after sexual excesses or onanism; indifferent and low spirited; mind is persistently dwelling on sexual subjects. Therapeutic Range. — Staphysagria is a good remedy for the bad effects of sexual excesses or onanism; also after the abuse of mercury or thuja, glandular affec- tions and diseases of the bones, syphilis, warts, polypi, herpes, eczema, scrofulous and scorbutic affections, paralysi^, arthritis, incised wounds, toothache, hysteria and hypochondria, mental condition when mind dwells too much on sexual subjects, ovarian difficulties from self-abuse, weak puny children who have inherited syphilis. The ointment and liniment are used for kill- ing vermin.' In cases of Hce, itch, also in rheumatism, neuralgia, earache, toothache, etc. Range of Physiological Dose. — Staphysagria may be given in dose, gr. j — iij. The fluid extract of Staphysagria, dose, m, j — ij.. 34^ STAPHYSAGRIA. Tincture of Staphysagria, dose, m, v — xv. Extract of Staphysagria, dose, gr. ^ — j. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt.v — xv. Treatment for Poisoning. — Use the stomach pump or emetics, give large draughts of warm water, use diffusable stimulants, keep the patient warm and quiet, powdered charcoal or tannin may be employed. To relieve spasms, inhale chloroform or give chloral hydrate 3ss, or Potassium bromide 3j. All possible haste must be made, as death is usually due to asphyxia. STELLARIA MEDIA. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous plant. BOTANICAL SUB- CLASS l.—Angiosfermm. BOTANICAL DIVISION \.—Polyfetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Caryophyllacem, and the Pink family. GENUS.— 67e//ar?«. SPECIES.— il/erf2a. COMMON ^KM^.— Common Chick-weed. Description of Plant. — Stellaria Media, or the common Chickweed, is considered an annual plant. The stems are much branched, spreading, fiacid, marked longitudi- nally with one or two pubescent lines. The leaves are opposite, ovate or oblong, small, about J^ to 2 J^ inches long. The lower leaves are on hairy stalks or petioles, the upper ones are sessile and narrower. The flowers are small, white and star-shaped ; they grow on rather long, slender stalks, in irregularly-forked leafy cymes. The petals are shorter than the calyx, two-parted and narrow lobes. Stamens 3 to 10, and styles 3. Habitat. — The habitat of this plant is Europe, Asia and America. It is quite commonly found in damp ground. History. — The name, Stellaria, is derived from the Latin Stella, meaning a star, in allusion to the star-shaped flowers. S49 350 STELLARIA MEDIA. Media is from the Latin medius, meaning middle, referring to the longitudinal, pubescent stem lines. Stellaria media is one of our newer remedies. It was proved by Dr. Frederick Kopp, of Australia, in 1893, who said that his attention wasdrawn to it by his friend, Rev. F. H. Brett, who had rubbed some of the tincture into the enlarged and painful finger joints of his wife with rapid and permanent relief. A number of our medical journals have spoken in high terms of Stellaria, and it bids fair to be one of our excellent rheumatic remedies. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The whole plant excepting the root." Formula for Making 1000 c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 350 c. c. Strong alcohol 683 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, two parts distilled water, and seven parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The tincture, which is the first decimal dilution and higher. Physiological Action. — The literature recording the physi- ological action of Stellaria is very scarce. With the information at hand I am able to accord to it only two special centers of action, through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. First the liver and second the cerebro- STELLARIA MEDIA. 351 spinal system. In the liver it produces congestion and soreness, with aching in various parts of the body. In the cerebro-spinal system it produces a rheumatoid inflammation with all the aches and pains which gen- erally attend such inflammatory action. Frederick Kopp has the following to say of his proving, which I take from Luy tie's Reference Book of New Remedies : "I made a thorough proving of the drug, not only once but several times, so as to satisfy myself beyond a doubt as to the symptoms peculiar to it, and the excruciating rheumatic-like pains developed at the times are still viv- idly remembered by me; in fact, they were so severe and intense as not to be easily forgotten when once experi- enced. There is no mistaking the rheumatic symptoms of the drug; they come on very rapidly and the sharp, darting pains so peculiar to rheumatism are experi- enced in almost every part of the body; but the symp- toms of soreness of the parts to touch, stiffness of the joints and aggravation of the 'pains by motion are also present. Almost all parts of the body in which it is possible for rheumatic pains to occur are affected — head, ankles, feet, knees, arms, fingers, calves of legs, hip, back, joints and thighs, etc." Therapeutic Range. — Stellaria media is highly recommended in rheumatism and hepatic complaints. In all rheumatic conditions, more especially of the muscular variety, when the patient complains of suddenly shifting pains, piercing pains, excruciating pains. It may be used in either the acute or chronic form. Stellaria Media resembles Pul- satilla in its sharp, shooting, lancinating, lightning-like 352 STELLARIA MEDIA. pains, shifting rapidly from place to place. It has been used with good results in syphilitic rheumatism, and is especially recommended in all cases where bryonia and rhus tox seem to be great rivals. In all stubborn cases of rheumatism with hepatic difficulties we should give Stellaria media a good trial. It may be used externally as well as internally. Range of Physiological Dose. — The Homoeopathic tinct- ure of Stellaria media may be given in dose, gtt. ij — v. The second dilution is more frequently recommended, which, if properly made, should be given in the liquid form in dose, gtt. iv — viij. STICTA PULMONARIA. BOTANICAL SERIES IL—Cryftogamous, or flo-werless ^lant. BOTANICAL CLASS III. — Acrogenous flant, with stem and branches and growth from the summit. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS II. — Thahfhytcs. Has neither true woody fibre nor vessels. NAT. ORDER. — Lichenes, and the Lichen family . GENUS.— ^^^cte. SPECIES. — Pulmonaria. COMMON '^KME.— Lungwort. Description of Lichen. — Sticta Pulmonaria is "a lichen, with wide spreading, olive green thallus, pale-brown when dry, pitted and reticulated, smooth, or having whitish, powdery warts in the reticulations, frequently elongated, bearing scattered or tufted granules, lancin- ated, broadly loabed and sinuate, having brownish, downy fibers beneath, the swellings bare, the shields mostly marginal, red-brown, with thick border." — American Institute Pharmacopeia. Habitat. — New England, New York and Pennsylvania. It is found in the mountainous districts and grows on the trunks of trees. History. — The name Sticta is from stiktos, meaning dotted, and Pulmonaria, from fulmon, the lung. It is sup- posed to possess the same nutritive qualities as Iceland 23 SB3 354 STICTA PULMONARIA. moss. Brewers use it in Siberia as a substitute for hops. Dr. Burdick introduced it into the Homoeo- pathic practice in 1863. Part used for Making Tincture. — " The whole lichen." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Sticta 100 gm. Distilled water 500 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^i^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water, zxiAjive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Sticta has a Physio- logical Action. — It has one special center of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous Membrane. It produces a catarrhal inflammation, especially of the lungs. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — The symptoms are aggravated at night and in damp weather. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — The symptoms are better during the day and in dry weather. Condition of the Mind. — Inability to concentrate the thoughts, much confusion of ideas; feels as if she must talk, whether listened to or not. STICTA PULMONARIA. 355 Therapeutic Range. — Sticta is a very useful remedy in catarrhal affections of the respiratory tract, whooping cough, influenza, bronchitis, phthisis, conjunctivitis, coryza, laryngeal and tracheal catarrh. Range of Physiological, Dose. — The Homoeopathic tinc- ture of Sticta may be given in dose, gtt. x — xx. Antidote for Sticta Pulmonaria. — Camphor. STIGMATA MAIDIS. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotyledonous, or endogenous ■plant. NAT. ORDER. — Graminacecs, and the Grass family. GENUS.— Ze«. SPECIES.— iJ/ays. COMMON NAME— Cor« Silk. Description of Plant. — The Zea Mays, or Indian corn, is an annual plant. The stem grows to the height of from 4 to 15 feet. It is erect, stiff, un branched, grooved on one side, smooth, solid, with spongy center. The leaves are many, linear, 2 to 3 feet long, 2 to 3 inches wide and channelled. The flowers, monoecious — male spikelets iil pairs bearing at the summit the tassel — female spike is the ear, its rachis the cob, its pistils the silk, and the bracts of the spathe the husks. The ker- nels are the seed or grain, which occur on the cob in 8 to 10 or 12 rows, or some even number. It is yellow, white, red or purple in color. The roots of the Indian corn are hard and fibrous. The Stigmata Maidis, or corn silk, are thread-like, 6 inches long and about ^^ of an inch thick, yellow or greenish in color, soft, silky, finely hairy, delicately veined longitudinally; sweetish taste and no odor. 3B6 STIGMATA MAIDIS. 357 Habitat. — South America and Haytien Islands, and is culti- vated in all warm, temperate countries. History. — The name, Zea, is a Greek word, meaning to live, because of its life-supporting properties to man and beast. Mays, is from the Latin maydis, Spanish maiz, and French mahiz. This is its native name in the Haytien Island language, which island is its original habitat. Professor Costan, of Montpelier, called attention to the diuretic properties of Stigmata maidis in 1880, since which time it has been growing in favor as a medicine. It is one of our new remedies in Homoeopathic pharmacy. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The silk of the In- dian corn." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Stigmata maidis 100 gm. Distilled water 300 c. c. Strong alcohol 730 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, two parts distilled water, and seven parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended.- — The Homoeopathic tincture and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Stigmata Maidis has a Physiological Action. — It has two special centers of action through the great sympathetic nervous system. 358 STIGMATA MADIS. I. Kidneys. It produces diuresis and the uric acid diathesis. II. Bladder. It produces congestion and inflam- mation of the mucous membrane of the bladder. Therapeutic Range. — The specific action of this remedy seems to be on the urinary organs. It is indicated in all forms of congestion of the kidneys, dysuria, excessive urination, and in nearly all chronic diseases of the kid- neys and bladder. It is a sedative to the irritated par- enchyma of the kidneys and to the mucous membrane of the bladder and the urethra, and is"' therefore a cap- ital remedy in all forms of Bright's disease. Renal lithiasis,with nephritic colic and discharge of small cal- culi, chronic pyelitis from calculi, discharge of sand and blood in the urine, retention of urine with tenesmus after urinating, vessical catarrh with much irritation and tenesmus, chronic gonorrhoea with painful and difficult urination. It is also recommended in organic diseases of the heart when there is oedema of the lower extremi- ties and scanty urination. Think of Stigmata maidis in renal and gouty subjects. Range of Physiological Dose. — The old school recom- mended corn silk in the following doses: Fluid extract of Corn silk, dose, f 3i — ij. Wine of Corn silk, dose, f g ss — J. Syrup of Corn silk, dose, f gss — j. We recommend the Homoeopathic tincture of Stig- mata maidis in dose, gtt. x — f3j, three or four times daily. STILLINGIA SVLVATICA. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or jlowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS \.— Dicotyledonous, or exog- enous -plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—AngiospermcB, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\\.—Apetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Euphorbiacece, and the Spurge family. GE^US.—Stillingia. SVECIES—Sylvaiica. COMMON NAME.— j^Mee«'5 Delight. Description of Plant. — Stillingia is a perennial herb. It has numerous stems, which are i to 3 feet high, erect, smooth and umbellately branched. The leaves are alternate and nearly sessile. They have two glands at the base, varying somewhat in form, from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at the base, either acute or blunt, and finely serrate, with a little gland in each serrature. The flowers are yellow and appear in a terminal spike ; a few fertile flowers appear at the base of a dense, sterile spike. When broken or bruised the plant emits a milky, acrid juice. The' root is large and woody, about i foot long, and the upper end about 2 inches in diameter, tapering as it descends. It is a little branched and has scars of numerous stems. The fresh root looks fleshy, but it wrinkles 859 360 STILLINGIA SYLVATICA. longitudinally when dried. It is of alight-brown color externally and pinkish internally, rather tough, and has a strong, disagreeable odor, which disappears on dry- ing. The taste is bitter and acrid, slightly burning the tongue. Habitat. — United States, Virginia, Florida and Louisiana, New York to Indiana. It grows in dry sandy soil and pine barrens. History. — The name Stillingia was given in honor of Dr. Benjamin Stillingfleet, English botanist and author of "Miscellaneous Tracts on Natural History," i7S9- Sylvatica, from silvaticus, of the woods, because it grows in pine barrens of the south. Dr. Hale intro- duced it into the Homoeopathic practice in 1866. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh root." Formula for Making 1000 c. c.'gf Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 1 50 c. c. Distilled water 250 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — 0yV' How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, four parts distilled water, &xiAJive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and hiiiher. stillingia sylvatica. 36 1 Nerve Centers upon which Stillingia has a Physio- logical AcTiON.^It has four special centers of action through the vegetative nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes. It produces inflammation and broncorrhoea. II. Lymfhatics. It congests and greatly perverts the lympathic secretions, causing acrid secretions and hypertrophy of the glands. III. Fibrous Tissue. It produces rheumatoid inflammation and nodes on various parts of the body. IV. Skin. Here it produces eczema and ulcera- tions which discharge much pus. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the afternoon, in the damp air, and on motion. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — In the morning, and in a dry atmosphere. Condition of the Mind. — Very gloomy forebodings and much depression of spirits. Therapeutic Range. — Syphilitic, periosteal rheumatism; chronic rheumatism, nodes, sciatica, especially in syphilitic patients; syphilitic laryngitis, mercurial periostitis, gonorrhoea, gleet, urethritis, leucorrhoea, venereal or scrofulous ulcers and eruptions, ulcerations with copious suppuration, mild secondary syphilis with immense nodes. In torpidity of the liver, with jaun- dice and constipation, Stillingia acts very nicely. Range of Physiological Dose. — Fluid extract of Stillingia, dose, m, x — f 3 ]• 362 STILLINGIA SYLVATICA. Compound syrup of Stillingia, dose, f 3j — §j. Tincture of Stillingia, dose, f 3 ss — j. Decoction of Stillingia (i to 16), dose f §j — ij. The Homoeopathic tincture of Stillingia, dose, 3 ss— j. STRAMONIUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiospermce, inclosed seed. -BOTANICAL DIVISION ll.—Gamopetalous. NA-T. ORDER. — SolanacecB, and the Nightshade J'dmily . GENUS.— Datura. SPECIES. — Stramonium. COMMON NAME. — Thorn Apple, Jamestown, or Jimsen Weed. Description of Plant.- — Stramonium is a fetid, noxious annual herb. The stem is green, succulent, nearly solid, about 3 to 5 feet high and about i to i}^ inches thick, dividing into 2 to 3 branches above the ground. The leaves are 5 to 6 inches long, alternate, sometimes opposite, petiolate, somewhat scattered, unequal at the base, smooth, dark-green above and pale beneath; older leaves are usually, perforated by worms. The flowers are white, about 3 inches long, on short axillary pedun- cles; they are sweet scented, especially at night. The leaves next to the flowers rise up and inclose them at night. The seeds grow in a nearly globular, prickly capsule. The seeds are numerous, nearly odorless, wrinkled, uniform and flattened, and of a dull brownish- 863 364 STRAMONIUM. black color when ripe. The root is whitish, spindle- shaped, almost vertical and fibrous. The entire plant is poisonous. Habitat. — Supposed to be indigenous to Asia; has become almost universally naturalized in Europe, England and North America and other countries. In the United States it grows in waste grounds near dwellings. History. — The origin of the name is probably unknown. Some say it is derived from the Greek, signifying mad apple, which is one of its common names. Datura is the name given to it by the Turks and Persians. It has been used as a medicine for a long while, described by Dr. Fuchsius in 1543. Hahnemann introduced it into the Homoeopathic practice in 1805. Part used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh plant in flower and fruit." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture 200 c. c. Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, iAree parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. stramonium. 365 Nerve Centers upon which Stramonium has a Physi- ological Action. — It has six special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebro-S final System. It produces spasms, furious delirium and obstinate insomnia. II. Eyes. It produces mydriasis and inflammation. III. Sexual Organs. It at first has an aphrodisiac influence, exciting the patient to great indecency; lat^r it produces impotency. IV. Vaso-motor Circulation. It produces tonic cap- illary contraction and increases the temperature. V. Digestive Organs. It produces spasms of the throat with dryness, and constipation of the bowels. VI. Skin. It causes firey redness of the skin and vesicular erysipelas. Time and Cause of Aggravation.' — In the morning and at night ; from the sight of water or attempting to swallow it; in the dark; from looking at shining objects; when alone; from being touched. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — While in the house; from company; light and warmth. Condition of the Mind. — The Stramonium patient, when he has delirium, it is of the furious kind ; he tries to escape; he struggles hard to get out of bed; talks inco- herently; mania; laughs, and is excited; sexual excite- ment. He wants company; goes into a rage at times when he may beat, strike, scratch or scream ; becomes terrified; then he may have a merry, exalted feeling, singing, laughing and dancing; mania, with hallucina- 366 STRAMONIUM. tians; sees horrible images; hydrophobia; aversion to liquids; water or anything bright excites convulsions; alternate melancholy and exaltation; very weak mem- ory; loses thoughts before they can be uttered. The child is frightened when it first awakes and wants to get away from what it sees. Therapeutic Range. — Acute mania, nymphomania, convul- sions, delirium tremens, chorea, hysteria, catalepsy, epi- lepsy, spasmodic affections from fright, puerperal mania and insanity, excessive nervous hypersemia, hy- drophobia, bad effects from fermented liquors; scarlet fever, measles, suppressed eruptions, anasarca, burns, whooping cough, insomnia and all difficulties that are attended with extreme nervous excitement. Range of Physiological, Dose. — Stramonium may be given in dose, gr. j — v. Fluid extract of Stramonium, dose, m, j — v. Tincture of Stramonium, dose, m, x — xx. Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Treatment for Poisoning. — -Morphine, Physostigmine, Mus- carine and Pilocarpine are physiological antidotes to Stramonium. Chloral hydrate or Morphine should be given. And Strychnine should be used if the respira- tions become weak or fail. If collapse is imminent heat should be applied externally. Demulcent drink, with free evacuation of the stomach and bowels. TABACUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—Phcenogamous, or flowering plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Angiosfermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION ll.—Gamopetalo2is NAT. ORDER. — Solanacem, and the A'ighishade family. G^']<^\iS.—Nicotiana. SPECIES- — Tabacum. COMMON ^KWE..— Tobacco. Description of Plant. — Tabacum is an annual plant. It is tall, clammy-pubescent, herbaceous and acrid-narco- tic. The stem is from 3 to 6 feet high; it is erect, round, hairy and branching near the top. It has numerous leaves, which are alternate, sessile, entire, about 20 inches long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, waved, brown,- friable, glandular and hairy, bright-green above and paler beneath. The flowers are pink, and appear in loose' terminal panicles, with long bracts at the divi- sions of the peduncle. It has a large, fibrous tap root. It has a peculiar heavy odor and a nauseous, bitter, acrid taste. Habitat. — Tobacco was introduced into the United States from South America. It is largely cultivated in the island of Cuba. It grows along the western borders 367 368 TABACUM. of the United States. It is cultivated in nearly all the warm countries in both hemispheres. History. — The name Nicotiana was given in honor of Jean Nicot, French ambassador at Lisbon, who procured the first seeds from a Dutchman, arriving from Florida, who in 1560 brought the plant to France. Tabacum is the Latin word for tobacco, and tobacco is the native name for the pipe used by the Indians in smoking. Hartlaub and Trinks introduced it into the Homoeopathic practice in 183 1. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The recently dried leaves; those imported from Havana are preferred." . Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Tabacum 100 gm. Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 824 c. c. Drug Power. — j^o- How TO MAKE THE Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal dilution and higher. Nerve Centers Upon which Tabacum has a Physio- logical Action. — It has eleven special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes. It produces copious secre- tions, especially of the stomach and small intestines. TABACUM. 369 II. Stomach. It acts as a powerful emetic, produc- ing gastritis and gastrodynia. III. Intestines. It produces violent tetanic contrac- tions and catharsis. IV. Circulation. It greatly lowers ^he circulation and produces vaso-motor paralysis. V. Heart. The heart becomes intermittent and the inhibitory peripheral filaments are paralyzed. VI. Cerebrospinal System. It produces convul- sions from spinal excitement. VII. Anterior Cord. It completely paralyzes the motor nerves. VIII. Eyes. It causes myosis, amaurosis and. atrophy of the retina. IX. Sexual Organs. It destroys the venereal appetite and delays the menses. X. Lungs. It lessens respiration and causes laryngismus. XL Skin. It stimulates the sudoriferous glands and produces copious perspiration and a grayish tinge of the skin. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — At night, on motion, and in a warm room. Cause of Amelioration. — While out in the fresh, cold air. Condition of the Mind. — Very difficult to concentrate the mind upon one subject; much anxiety; feels better after weeping; forgetful and idiotic. 24 37° TABACUM. Therapeutic Range. — "Diseases originating in cerebral irritation, followed by marked gastric symptoms; nervous diseases and heart affections, accompanied by deithly nausea; sea-sickness, cholera, cholera infan- tum, incarcerated hernia, asthma, asphyxia, angina pectoris." — Cowperthwait. Range of Physiological Dose. — The oil of tobacco is a virulent poison. Wine of tobacco ( § J — ^Oj ) , dose, m, V — XXX. Nicotine, dose, m, ^^ — ^^. HomcEopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Treatment for Poisoning. — Where there is acute poison- ing and collapse, Strychnine and Ether or other stimu- lants may be given hypodermically. The patient should be kept quiet and if necessary heat should be applied to the surface. Artificial respiration should be practiced, if necessary. Mustard leaves may be applied to the chest or other parts of the body. Brandy and ice may be given in small quantities if there is much vomiting. Stimulating enemata containing alcohol may be found useful. Camphor is a physiological antidote. Strychnine sulphate in small doses is a good antidote for chronic Tobacco users; they should have much open air exercise, and if there is overaction of the heart. Opium in small doses, with Digitalis or Strophanthus, may be found to work very nicely. THUJA OCCIDENTALIS. BOTANICAL SERIES l.—PhcBnogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous flant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS W.—GymnosfermcB, naked seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \l\.—Afetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Conifer(2, and the Pine family. GENUS.— ^5/e5. SPECIES. — Thuja occidentalis. COMMON ^KW&.— Tree of Life, Arbor Vitce. Description of Tree. — Thuja occidentalis is an evergreen tree. It grows to a height of from 20 to 50 feet. It has flat and spreading branchlets, which are dark green and rather glaucous above and pale beneath. It yields a pungent, aromatic oil. It has a light and very durable wood. The leaves are in four rows, rhomboid-ovate pointed, with a roundish gland on the back. It has a balsamic, terebinthinate odor and a pungent, camphor- aceous, bitter taste. The flowers appear on different branches in very small, terminal, ovoid catkin^. They bloom in May and June. Habitat. — Indigenous to the United States, common from Pennsylvania northward. It grows in swamps and on cool, rocky banks. 371 372 THUJA OCCIDENTALIS. History. — The name, Thuja, is an alteration of the Greek word thya, meaning to sacrifice, because its wood was used in sacrifices. Hahnemann introduced Thuja into the Homoeopathic practice in 1819. Part Uskd for Making Tincture. — " The fresh leaves and twigs." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids .^ 100 gm. Plant moisture 135 c. c. Strong alcohol 885 c. c. Drug Power. — j'^. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Thuja has a Physiological Action. — It has six special centers of action, through the vegetative nervous system. I. Skin. It produces fig-warts, condylomata, tuber- cles and sycosis. II. Mucous Membranes. It causes acrid secretions, corroding ulcers and polypi. III. Male Sexual Organs. It produces chronic blennorrhoea, prostatitis and sycosis. IV. Female Sexual Organs. It delays the menses and causes leucorrhoea and ovaritis. THUJA OCCIDENTALIS. 373 V. Blood and Serum. It causes dissolution of all the fluids of the body and they become very acrid. VI. Urinary Organs. It produces diuresis and paralyzes the sphincters. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the forenoon and in cold, damp air; from heat of the bed and during rest; from narcotics. Time and Cause oy Amelioration. — In warm, dry weather; in the open air, and from warmth. Condition of the Mind. — Very much depressed and ill-hu- mored, obstinate and peevish; very forgetful; indispo- sition to mental labor; makes mistakes in writing and talking; cannot think rapidly; talks slowly; thinks there is a living animal in the abdomen. Therapeutic - Range. — Sycosis, condylomata, syphilitic herpes, old chancres, warts, gonorrhoea, ranula, apthse, prosopalgia, asthma and bad effects of vaccination; oophoritis, ulceration of the uterus, polypi, incontinence of urine. A strong tincture may be applied externally in warts and excrescencies. Range of Physiological Dose. — The fluid extract of Thuja may be given in dose, f 3 ss — j. Tincture of Thuja (20 per cent.), dose, f 3ss — j. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x—xx. Antidotes for Thuja. — Camphor, Chammomilla, Pulsatilla, Sabina, Sulphur and Mercurius. TRILLIUM PENDULUM. BOTANICAL SERIES \.—Phcenogamous, or ilowerins; ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotyledonous, or endog- enous -plant, NAT. ORDER. — Liliacece, and the Lily family. GENUS.— Trillium. SFECIES,.— Pendulum. COMMON NAME.— Wake Robin. Description of Plant. — Trillium is an ornamental, pereS- nial herb. The stem is about i8 inches high; it is simple, stout and naked. The leaves grow at the summit of the stem, in a whorl of three ; they are very shtort-petioled, ribbed, net-veined, broadly-rhomboid and abruptly-pointed. The flower is white and appears on a short terminal, recurved peduncle; blooms in the spring. The root is short and tuberous. Habitat. — Trillium is found in North America, from New England to Virginia and elsewhere in the United States. It grows in moist woods. History. — The name Trillium is derived from trilix, mean- ing triple, because its calyx has three sepals, its corolla three petals, its pistil three styles, and its stem three leaves. Dr. Minton introduced it into the Homoeo- pathic practice in 1853. S74 TRILLIUM PENDULUM. 375 Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids too gm. Plant moisture 300 c. c. Strong alcohol 730 c. c. Drug Power. — ,\y. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, two parts distilled water, and seven parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Trillium has a Physiologi- cal Action. — It has two special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal system. I. Capillary Blood Vessels. It produces a relaxa- tion of the capillaries and heemorrhages. II. Mucous Membranes. It produces relaxation of the mucous membranes, with copious haemorrhages. The mucorrhosa has a tendency to putrescency. It has special afBnity for the uterine mucous membrane. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — Every two weeks; on motion, overexertion, and long ride. Therapeutic IIange. — Trillium is especially useful in active and passive haemorrhages from the uterus. It should be remembered in all diseases involving the mucous membranes with a hsemorrhagic tendency. In ulcera- tions of the uterus, cancerous ulceration, etc., it may 376 TRILLIUM PENDULUM. be used both internally and locally. Haemorrhage from the kidneys. Range of Physiological Dose. — The fluid extract of Tril- lium may be given in dose, 3 j — ij. The HomcEopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x^ — xx. URTICA URENS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcznogamous, or flowering ■plant. . - , BOTANICAL CLASS. L^^Dicoiyledonous, or exogenous plant. ...... BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—Anglospermce, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION IW.—Afetalous. NAT. ORDER. — -Urticacece, and the Nettle family. GENUS — Humulus, SPECIES. — Urtica urens. COMMON ISiKME.—Dwarf Nettle. Description of Plant. — Urtica urens is a stinging, annual herb. The stem grows to a height of from i to 2 feet. It is erect, four-angled and branching, the stings are few and the bark is tough and fibrous. The leaves are opposite, five-ribbed and deeply serrate. The flowers appear in nearly simple axillary clusters. They bloom from June to September. Habitat. — ^It grows nearly everywhere in cultivated places in Great Britain. It is naturalized in the United States from Europe; grows in waste grounds near dweUings. History. — The name, Urtica, means a nettle, derived from uro, I burn. Nettle is from the Anglo Saxon naedl, meaning needle. It was introduced into the Homoeo- pathic practice in 1836. 377 378 URTICA URENS. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The whole fresh plant." Formula for Making iooo c, c. of Tincture. — Solids lOO gr. Plant moisture 400 c. c- Distilled water 100 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\. How to Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, Jour parts distilled v/a.ter, and Jive parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Urtica Urens has a Physio- logical Action. — It has four special centers of action through the posterior spinal end organs. I. Skin. It produces oedema, erysipelatous inflam- mation and urticaria. II. Mucous Membranes. It produces inflammation of the gastro-intestinal mucous membranes. III. Glandular System. It increases the secretion of milk. IV. Vaso-moior System. It acts as a stimulant to the vaso-motor system. Therapeutic Range. — Nettle-rash, oedema, and erysipela- tous inflammation, itching and burning of the skin as if scorched, fine stinging points, raised red blotches, burns involving only the skin, intense burning and itching; URTICA URENS. 379 consequences of suppressed urticaria; menorrhagia, uterine hemorrhage, epistaxis, haematemesis, leucor- rhoea and pruritis vulvas. It increases the secretion of milk. Range of Physiological, Dose. — Urtica urens may be given in dose, gr. xv — xxx. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. USTILAGO MAIDIS. BOTANICAL SERIES ll.—Cryftogamous, or flowerless ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS III. — Acrogenous flant, with stem and branches, and growth from the top. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS W.— Thalhphytes, has neither true woody fibre nor vessels. NAT. ORDER.^ — Fungi, and the Mushroom family. GENUS. — Claviceps, or Ustilago. SPECIES. — Ustilago maidis. COMMON NAME.— J/«z>e Smut, Corn Smut. Description of Fungus. — Ustilago maidis is a fungus, growing on the stems, grains and tassel of Indian corn. It grows abundantly in irregular, globose masses 4 to 6 inches broad, consisting of a blackish, gelatinous membrane, enclosing many blackish, nodular spores, with a disagreeable odor and taste. Habitat. — It is found wherever Indian corn grows abundantly throughout the United States. History. — Ustilago means to burn, or blackened as if burned. It was officinal from 1880 to 1890. Dr. Kuchenmeister first mentioned Ustilago in Homoeopathic literature in 1845. Later Dr. Hoyne reported provings of it. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh ripe fungus." 380 ,ustilago maidis. 38 1 Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm. Plant moisture lOO c. c. Distilled water 300 c. c. Strong alcohol. . 635 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\ How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, three parts distilled water, and six parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Ustilago has a Physio- logical Action. — It has seven special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Circulation. It produces a long-lasting arterial capillary contraction. II. Veins. It causes dilatation of the veins and passive haemorrhages. III. Skin. The whole skin becomes dry, hot and congested. It causes the loss of hair, teeth and nails. IV. Glandular System. It produces congestion and hypertrophy of the glands, especially of the lymphatics, testicles and ovaries. V. Cerebro-S final System. It produces conges- tion and paralysis. VI. Male Sexual Organs. It causes prostration, impotence and neuralgia. VII. Female Sexual Organs. It acts as an oxytoxic and causes venous haemorrhages and ovaralgia. 382 USTILAGO MAIDIS. Cause of Aggravation. — From moving about, or simple motion. Cause of Amelioration. — While quietly at rest. Condition of the Mind. — Very much depressed in spirits, and irritable. Therapeutic Range. — Ustilagois especially useful in diseases of the female generative system, uterine contractions abortion, haemorrhage, and a general atonic condition; chronic orchitis, neuralgia and irritable or indurated testicles ; sexual dreams with emissions, spermatorrhoea, herpes circinatus, rubeola, ichthyosis, syphilis and tuberculosis, irritation and congestion of the lympha- tics and ovaries. It is also useful in some forms of paralysis. Range of Physiological Dose. — Ustilago may be given in dose, gr. xv — xxx. Fluid extract of Ustilago, dose, m, x — f3j. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — Ix. VALERIANA OFFICINALIS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — Phcenogamous, or jlowerivg ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I.- — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \. — Angiosferma, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION \\.—Gamopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — Valerianacece, and the Valerian family. GENUS.— Valerina. SFECmS.— Officinalis. COMMON NAME.— Valerian. Description of Plant. — Valeriana is a deciduous, peren- nial herb. It has a solitary erect stem, which is about 3 to 4 feet high, is hollow, furrowed, branched only at the top and hirsute at the base. The leaves are oppo- site, pinnate, coarsely serrate and clasping. The radi- cal leaves are on long petioles, the cauline much smaller and passing bracts above. The opposite, or alternate, leaflets are sessile, lanceolate and dentate. The flowers are white or flesh-colored; they appear in crowded, sessile bunches of three at the extremities of the final divisions of the spreading cymes. It has a tuberous, short, upright root stalk, which has numerous slender, fleshy, tapering pale-brown rootlets. These rootlets are from 3 to 4 inches long, and they send out runners, at the end of which young plants are formed. The roots 383 384 VALERIANA OFFICINALIS. have a bitter, camphoraceous taste and a turpentine- like odor, which becomes unpleasantly stronger on keeping. Habitat. — It grows rather general in Great Britain and Eu- rope, also in Asia, Japan and Iceland. It is found in both dry and wet places. The best variety grows in dry places. History. — The name, Valeriana, is derived from valere, meaning to be strong, healthful, because of its odor and medicinal virtues. It is said to have been named in honor of Valerius, who first used it in medicine. Hahn- emann introduced it into the Homoeopathic practice in 1805. Part used for Making Tincture. — "The recently dried root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Valeriana 100 gm. Distilled water 500 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^^ Medication Recommended. — Dilution, "Cc^e. third decimal po- tency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Valeriana has a Physi- ological Action. — It has six special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. VALERIANA OFFICINALIS. 385 I. Cerebro- Spinal System. It produces hysterical hyperaesthesia a!nd spasms. II. Digestive Organs. It acts as a stimulant to the digestive organs; moderate doses increase the appetite and improve the digestion. III. Kidneys. It produces diuresis and the urine is loaded with phosphafes. IV. JFemale Sexual Organs. It has an aphrodisiac action, causing neurasthenia and hysteria. V. Circulation. The circulation becames excited and the temperature is increased. VI. Eyes. It produces mydriasis with fiery flashes before the eyes. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the evening, and until midnight; after sleeping and resting; pains aggra- vated by standing. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — After midnight; from motion and from walking; relieved by rubbing. Condition of the Mind. — Intellect predominates; passes quickly from one subject to another; confused intellect ; talks incoherently ; unusually hilarious and joyful; over- excitable and changeable; feels light, as if flying in the air. Therapeutic Range. — Valeriana is a splendid remedy in hysteria and all nervous affections where the hysterical element predominates. In too frequent and too profuse urination, with bran-like sediment or brick-red sedi- ment or a slimy sediment, which dissolves on shaking; 386 VALERIANA OFFICINALIS. excessive nervous excitability; tearfulness and tremu- lousness, with palpitation of heart; neurosthenia or exhausted nerves; hypochondriasis; spinal troubles; formication of hands and feet; eyelids swollen and sore, pupils dilated, flashes of light; loss of sensation like aura epileptica; neurosthenia of sexual organs. Range of Physiological Dose. — Valeriana may be given in dose, gr. x — xxx. The fluid extract of Valerian, dose, f 3 ss — j. Tincture of Valerian (20 per cent.), dose, f 3 j — ij. Ammoniated tincture of Valerian, dose, f 3 j — ij. The oil of Valerian, dose, m, ij — v. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — Ix. Antidotes for Valeriana. — Camphor and Coffea cruda. VERATRUM ALBUM. BOTANICAL SERIES l—Phmnogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS II. — Monocotyledonous, or endog- enous -plant. NAT. ORDER, — LiliacecB, and the Lily family. GENUS. — Veratrum. SPECIES.— ^/5«m. COMMON Y{KM.E..— White Hellebore, European Helle- bore. Description of Plant. — Veratrum album is a deciduous, perennial herb. The stem is about 5 feet high, round, fistulous, downy above and almost covered by the sheathes . of the leaves. The leaves are plaited, broad, or rather blunt, glabrous above and downy beneath. The flowers are yellowish- white ; they appear in erect panicled racemes. They bloom from June to August. The root is fusiform, fleshy and blackish in color. It is from 2 to 4 inches long and Y^. inch in diameter, and has strong fibers which are gath- ered into a head. It has an offensive smell and a burning, acrid, bitter taste. All parts of the plant are very acrid and poisonous. Habitat. — It grows in the middle and southern parts of Europe, also in Russia, China and Japan. It is found in moist mountainous regions. 387 388 VERATRUM ALBUM. History. — The name Veratrutn is derived from vere, mean- ing true, and ater, meaning black, because of the color of the root of some of the species. Album means white. Veratrum album was known as early as the sixteenth century. The root was officinal from 1820 to 1880. Hahnemann introduced it into the Homoeo- pathic practice in 1805. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The dried root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Veratrum album 100 gm. Distilled water. 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 824 c. c Drug Power. — ^-^ How TO Make the Second Dilution.^ — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — Dilution, the second decimal potency and higher. Trituration, the first decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Veratrum Album has a Physiological Action. — It has five special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes. It causes congestion and inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gastro- intestinal canal. ' II. Pneumogastric JVer've. It produces violent choleraic vomiting and watery diarrhoea. VERATRUM ALBUM. 389 III. Heart, It lessens the blood-pressure and causes collapse and death. IV. Temperature. It greatly lessens the tempera- ture. V. Cerebrospinal System. Through the motor tract it produces spasms and paralysis. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning and evening; on rising, before stool and during stool; after drinking, or eating ice-cream. , Time and Cause of Amelioration. — During the day, while sitting and lying, and in the open air. Condition of the Mind. — Mania, with persistent raging; he is unconsolable, howls, weeps and screams, cuts and tears clothing; delirium, praying or cursing, scolds and talks about others; very despondent, discouraged, much anxiety with depression of spirits. Therapeutic Range. — "Chronic affections from abuse of cinchona; bad effects from fright, fear or vexation; colic from copper, fruits and vegetable; mania, neu- ralgia, rheumatism, trismus, tetanus, convulsions, paralysis, sporadic or Asiatic cholera; cholera morbus, diarrhoea, summer complaint, constipation, whooping cough, anaemia." — Cowperthwait. Range of Physiological Dose. — The Homoeopathic tinc- ture may be given in dose, gtt. x — xx. 390 VERATRUM ALBUM, Treatment for Poisoning. — Put patient to bed and keep him quiet, apply dry heat to the body, and select from the following remedies: Alcohol, Opium, Belladonna and Ammonia. Stimulants must be used freely if collapse threatens. Strong coffee may be given as a drink; Camphor also is of value. VERATRUM VIRIDE. BOTANICAL SERIES \.—-PhcBnogamous, or flowering ■plant. BOTANICAL CLASS 11. — Monocotyledonous, or endog- enous plant. NAT. ORDER. — Liliacece, and the Lily family. GENUS. — Veratrum. SPECIES— Viride. COMMON NAME. — American Hellebore, Green Hellebore. Description of Plant. — Veratrum viride is a large decidu- ous perennial herb. The stem is from 2 to 7 feet high, stout, cylindrical, erect, solid, nearly smooth, pale-green, unbranched except in the inflorescence. The leaves are from 5 to 8 inches long, oblong, acuminate, sheath- ing the stem, plaited nerved and pubescent. The flowers are polygamous, nearly sessile, and yellowish- green in color. They appear in pedicles in dense, spreading, spike-like racemes on roundish, downy peduncles, composing a terminal pyramidal panicle. The root is coarse, thick and fleshy, more or less hori- zontal, with numerous white rootlets upon the lower part. It has a strong, unpleasant odor when fresh, be- coming nearly odorless when dry. Habitat. — North America, from Canada to Georgia. It grows in swamps and low grounds. 391 392 VERATRUM VIRIDE. History. — Veratrum, from vere, true, and ater black, because of the color of the root of some of the species. Viride, from viridis, meaning green, because of the greenish color of the flowers. Veratrum viride was popular among the American Indians in 1638. They used it as a test for selecting a chief. It became known in Europe in 1672. Dr. Norwood, of South Carolina, gave useful information concerning it in 1851. It was introduced into the Homoeopathic practice in 1862. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The fresh root." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm . Plant moisture 233 c. c. Strong alcohol 800 c. c. Drug Power. — ji„. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, and nine parts dispensing alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Veratrum Viride has a Phys- iological Action. — It has sixteen special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cord. Through the anterior portion of the cord it produces muscular paralysis and loss^of reflex action. II. Cord. Through the posterior portion of the cord it produces slight anaesthesia and neuralgia. VKRATRUM VIRIDE. 393 III. Vagi. It causes paralysis and death from asphyxia. IV. Stomach. It produces violent emesis, also hic- cough and inflammation. V. Liver. Through the vagi it increases the secre- tions and causes inflammation. VI. Intestines. It produces venous congestion and constipation. VII. Kidneys. It acts slightly as a diuretic and increases the uric acid. VIII. Heart. It at first acts as a stimulant to the inhibitory cardiac nerves and secondly it paralyzes them. It paralyzes the ganglia and lessens the blood pressure. The pulsation is lowered from 35 to 50 beats and is greatly weakened. IX. Vaso-motor Nerve Centers. It paralyzes the vaso-motor nerves and the capillaries are dilated. ' X. Temperature. The temperature is greatly lowered. XI. Skin. It produces diaphoresis, slightly anaes- thesia and erythema. XII. Eyes. It causes mydriasis from paralysis of the third nerve. ' XIII. Ears. It paralyzes the auditory nerve. XIV. Lungs. It causes sthenic congestion and inflammation. XV. Female Sexual Organs. It produces an intense congestion of the female sexual organs. XVI. Mucous Membranes. It produces a catarrhal inflammation. 394 VERATRUM VIRIDE. Time and Cause of Aggravation. — In the morning and evening, and from motion. Time and Cause of Amelioration. — From bending for- ward, and from lying down. Condition of the Mind. — Stupefaction, insanity from cere- bral congestion, puerperal mania, delirious, quarrel- some, mental confusion, loss of memory, depression of spirits. Therapeutic Range. — Eruptive and other fevers that are accompanied by intense arterial excitement, cerebro- spinal meningitis, convulsions, hyperasmia of the brain, eclampsia of children, sthenic congestion and inflam- mation of the lungs, inflammation of the heart muscles, inflammatory rheumatism, puerperal metritis, dysmen- orrhoea, pelvic cellulitis, puerperal mania, gastritis, gas- tralgia, paralysis. The old school recommend Vera- trum viride for the following conditions in appreciable doses : The various forms of overaction of the heart, hypertrophy, irritable heart, Bright's disease when there is abnormal tension, aneurism, exopthalmic goi- tre, first stages of pneumonia, acute congestion of viscera, puerperal convulsions, tonsillitis, priapism, abdominal injuries. Veratrum viride should not be given in physiologi- cal doses in inflammation of the stomach or perioto- neum. It should not be used in valvular lesions of the heart or when the cardiac muscles are enfeebled, nor in dilated or fatty heart. VERATRUM VIRIDK. 395 Range of Physiological Dose.^ — The fluid extract of Veratrum viride may be given in dose, gtt. j — iij. Tincture of Veratrum viride, dose, gtt. iij — vj. Norwood's tincture, which is a saturated tincture, may be given in m, j- — iij. The Homceopa,thic tincture, dose, gtt. v — x. Much larger doses than the above are recommended in some old-school works, but it is better, we think, to give smaller doses and repeat more frequently. Treatment for Poisoning. — Dr. H.C.Wood says: "In cases of poisoning vomiting should be encouraged by large draughts of warm water until the stomach is well washed out. Then the patient should be forced to lie flat upon the back, with the head lower than the feet, and the efforts at vomiting should be restrained. If they cannot be checked, and if the prostration be severe, on no account should the patient be allowed to rise up, but must be made to vomit into a towel. A full dose of laudanum should be given by the rectum, and brandy or whisky be administered by the mouth. I have noticed that spirits will sometimes be retained only when given undiluted, and in such form will quiet the stomach at once. If the stomach refuses alcohol in any shape the rectum should be made use of. Ammo- nia may be employed as an adjuvant to alcohol, and in extreme cases should be injected hypodermically, or even into a vein. The use of external heat is impor- tant, and mild flagellations, rubbing with coarse towels, sinapisms, etc., may be used to keep up the extreme capillary circulation. VERBASCUM THAPSUS. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBnogamous, or flowering plant. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous ■plant. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS l.—AngiospermcB, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION ll.—Gamopetalous. NAT. ORDER. — ScrophulariacecB, and the Figw or t family. GENUS. — Verbascum. SPECIES— Thafsus. COMMON '^KMS..— Mullein. Description of Plant. — Verbascum Thapsus is a biennial herb. The stem is from 3 to 6 feet high, round, erect and wooly. The leaves are from 5 to 12 inches long, alternate, sessile, oblong, decurrent, acuminate, crenate, pale-green and wooly on both sides. The flowers are yellow and appear in a long, close, cylindrical, terminal spike. They bloom in July and August. Habitat. — It is common in the United States and northern and central Europe. It grows along road sides and in uncultivated fields. History. — The name Verbascum is a corruption of barbascum, because of the bearded appearance of its leaves. Thapsus is from Thapsos, the name of its native isle. 396 VERBASCUM THAPSUS. 397 This drug was mentioned by Hippocrates. An olive oil preparation was very popular among the Germans. Hahnemann introduced it into the Homoeopathic prac- tice in 182 1. Part Used for Making Tincture. — " The whole fresh herb." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — Solids 100 gm . ' Plant moisture 300 c. c. Distilled water 200 c. c. Strong alcohol 537 c. c. Drug Power. — ^\. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, J~our parts distilled water, and jft'e parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The third decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Verbascum has a Physio- logical Action. — It has at least two special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Cerebro~Sj>inal Nerves. It produces headache and prosopalgia. II. Res-piratory Centers. It produces an irritation which shows itself in a dry, hoarse cough. Therapeutic Range. — ^ Verbascum is a good remedy for headache, prosopalgia, catarrhal troubles, dry, hoarse coughs and enuresis, pulmonary affections, phthisis 398 VERBASCUM THAPSUS. and other wasting diseases, bronchitis and asthma. The flowers are said to remove warts. They are applied, freshly taken from the calyx. Mullein oil is used locally for catarrhal ear troubles. Range of Physiological Dose. — Verbascum may be given in dose, gr. xv — Ix. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — xx. XANTHOXYLUM FRAXINEUM. BOTANICAL SERIES I. — PhcBnogamous, or -flowering kind. BOTANICAL CLASS I. — Dicotyledonous, or exogenous growth. BOTANICAL SUB-CLASS \. — AngiosfermcB, inclosed seed. BOTANICAL DIVISION l.—Polypelakms. NAT. ORDER. — Hutacece, and the Rue family . GENUS. — Xanthoxylum. SPECIES. — Fraxineum. COMMON NAME.— Pw^/y Ash. Description of Shrub. — Xanthoxylum is an ornamental, deciduous shrub. The stem is from 6 to 12 feet high; has alternate branches beset with thorns, with a smooth, somewhat warted, spotted, grayish bark, shghtly aromatic and pungent. The leaves are imparipin- nate, leaflets 4 to 5 pairs, ovate and downy. The flowers are yellowish-green in color and they come before the leaves. They appear in axillary, sessile umbels about the origin of the young branches. They bloom from April to May. The fruit capsule is greenish-red, oval punctate, two-valved, and contains one shining black seed. Habitat. — It is indigenous to the United States. It grows in northern and eastern parts. It is found in rocky woods and on river banks. S99 400 XANTHOXYLUM FRAXINEUM. History. — The name Xanthoxylum is derived from xanthos, meaning yellow, and zylon, wood, because the root is yellow. Dr. CuUis introduced it into the Homoeopathic practice. Part Used for Making Tincture. — "The fresh bark and berries." Formula for Making iooo c. c. of Tincture. — ■ Solids lOO gm. Plant moisture 233 c. c. Strong alcohol 800 c. c. Drug Power. — j',. How TO Make the Second Dilution. — One part tincture, two parts distilled water, and sev'en parts strong alcohol. Medication Recommended. — The second decimal potency and higher. Nerve Centers upon which Xanthoxylum has a Phys- iological Action. — It has at least five special centers of action through the cerebro-spinal nervous system. I. Mucous Membranes. It increases the secretions of the intestinal tract. II. Glandular System. It stimulates the salivary glands and the liver, increasing the secretions. III. Circulation. It increases the heart's action and raises the arterial tension. IV. Muscular System. Upon the muscular system it has the tendency to produce neuralgia, rheumatism and paralysis. XANTHOXYLUM FRAXINEUM. 4OI V. Female Generative Organs. It produces pro- fuse, early and painful menstruation. Condition of the Mind. — The patient has a nervous frightened feeling, also much mental depression and weakness. Therapeutic Range. — Xanthoxylum is especially useful in neuralgic dysmenorrhoea, with profuse menses. Should .be thought of in all painful haemorrhages from the womb. After pains, catarrh, rheumatism, neuralgia, paralysis, chlorosis. The old school use it in chronic rheumatism, myalgia, lumbago, liver trouble, dropsies, syphilis, pharyngitis, paralysis of the tongue, toothache, and externally as a counter irritant in pelvic diseases. Range of Physiological Dose. — Xanthoxylum may be given in dose, gr. v — xv. Fluid extract of Xanthoxylum, dose, f 3ss — j. The Homoeopathic tincture, dose, gtt. x — xx. 26 INDEX. PAGE. Abies Canadensis 9 Abies Niger 11 Aconite Najiellus 13 yEsculus Hippocastanum 17 Aloe Socotrina 20 Apocynum Cannabinum 23 Arnica Montana 26 Arum Triphyllum 30 AsafcEtida , 33 Baptisia Tinctora 37 Belladonna 40 Berberis Vulgaris 45 Bryonia Alba 48 Cactus Grandiflorus 51 Calendula Officinalis 54 Camphora 57 Cannabis Sativa 60 Capsicum Annuum 63 Carduus Marianus 66 Cascara Sagrada (see Rhamnus Purshiana) Caulophyllum Thalictroides 69 Chamomilla 72 Chelidonium Majus 75 Chimaphila Umbellata 78 Chionanthus Virginica 81 Cimicifuga Racemosa 85 Cina 89 Cinchona Officinalis 93 Cinnamomum 97 403 404 " INDEX. Coca (see Erythroxylum) Cocculus Indicua •. 100 Coffea Cruda. 103 Colchicum Autumnale 107 CoUinsonia Canadensis in Colocynth 114, Conium Maculatum 118 Convalaria Majalis 122 Copaiva Officinalis 125 Crataegus Oxyacantha 1 2S Crocus Sativa 132 Croton Tiglium ; 135 Digitalis Purpurea 138 Dioscorea Villosa 143 Drosera Rotundifolia [46 Dulcamara i ^^ Echinacea Angustifolia 1C3 Erythroxylum Coca 1 58 Eucalyptus Globulus 163 Enonymus Atropurpureus 167 Eupatorium Perf oliatum 1 70 Eupatorium Purpureum 173 Euphrasia Officinalis 176 Felix Mas ; 1 79 Gelsemium Semper virens 182 Geranium Maculatum 187 Hamamelis Virginica 191 Helleborus Niger 1 95 Helonias Dioica 199 Hydrastis Canadensis 202 Hyoscyamus Niger 205 Hypericum Perforatum 209 Ignatia Amara '. 212 INDEX. 405 Ipecacuanha 216 Iris Versicolor 220 Jaborandi 223 Leptandra Virginica 227 Lilium Tigrinum 230 Linaria Vulgaris 233 Lobelia Inflata 236 Lycopodium Clavatum 240 Mezerum 244 Millefolium ; 247 Nux Moschata 250 Nux Vomica 253 Opium 258 Passiflora Incarnata 265 Phytolacca Decandra 269 Plantago Major.' 2.73 ' Podophyllum Peltatum 276 Polyporus Officinalis 280 Pulsatilla 383 Rhamnus Purshiana 288 Rheum 293 Rhus Toxicodendron 297 Robinia Pseudacacia 302 Rumex Crispus 305 Ruta Graveolens 308 Sabal Serrulata 311 Sabina 315 Salix Nigra 319 Sambucus Niger 322 Sanguinaria Canadensis 325 Sarsaparilla 329 Scutellaria Lateriflora 332 Secale Cornutum 335 406 INDEX. Senega 339 Spigelia 342 Staphysagria 345 Stellaria Media 349 Sticta Pulmonaria 353 Stigmata Maidis ' 356 Stillingia Sylvatica 359 Stramonium 363 Tabacum 367 Thuja Occidentalis 371 Trillium 374 Urtica Urens 377 Ustilago Maidis 380 Valeriana Officinalis 383 Veratrum Album 387 Veratrum Viride 391 Verbascum Thapsus 396 Xanthoxylum Fraxineum 399