fW'T't ^'/ *-»<:*' ft": !?«• ^i1 ■*>' « -*^ *t *»>. t«j|^' ■5f, '• *:'^.» :i#m •"^v^^se J^- -* tmj4^.^ , ^r lAi* y5^ ,-■■* ip',ii^i iA>>.'i Hatt OJoUcgc nf 3Kgricultu« Stljata, N. ^. 3 1924 050 773 203 The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924050773203 &EOLOGICAL m NATUEAL ISTOBY SMTET W CABADi AIjFRED E. C. SBLWTN, C.M.G., LL.D., F.E.S., r.G.S., DmjsciTOR. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS PART lY.— ENDOGENS. BY JOHI^ MAOOUI^T, M.A., r.L.S., F.RS.O. Neutralist to the Geologuxd and Natural Hvntorv Svrveu of Canada. MONTEEAL: -, DAWSON BEOTHEES. 1888. THE JOHN . CRAIG LIBRARY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE, CORNELL UNIVERSITY, '\ ITHACA, N. y. GEOLO&ICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF CANADA. ALFRED E. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LLC, F.E.S., F.G.S., Diebctok. CATALOGUE or CANADIAN PLANTS, PART IV.-ENDOGENS. BY JOHN MAOOUI^r, M.A., F.L.S., r.E.S.O., Naturalitit to the Oeologieal and Natural Hiatory Survey of Canada. DA\?VSON BROTHERS. 1888. PREFACE. PAET ly. The fii-st volume of this Catalogue of Canadian Plants consists of three parts separately published and bearing date 1883, 1884 and 1886 'respectively. Part I. includes the Polypetalse, Part II. the Gamopetalse, Part III. the Apetalse and Gymnosperms. Part IV., now issued, is devoted to the Bndogens, and forms the first portion of Volume II. of the Catalogue. Part V. will include the ferns and their allies with the mosses and liverworts, and it is intended in Part VI. to catalogue the lichens, fungi and seaweeds. Over 2,000 species of named cryptogamous plants, to be catalogued in Parts V. and VI., are now in the herbarium, and it is probable that the number will be raised to 2,500 before these parts are published, so that the entire work will enumerate about 5,500 species of plants (indigenous and introduced) found growing without cultivation within the limits of Canada. Since the publication of Part III. extensive collections have been made by James M. Macoun on the shores and islands of James Bay. Dr. G. M. Dawson has made valuable and interesting notes and collections in that part of the North-West Territories bordering on Alaska. The writer spent five months collecting on Vancouverlsland and gathered much valuable information regarding its flora. That part of this addi- tional information which is applicable to the Bndogens is included in the present issue. In accordance with the plan adopted at the commencement of the work, I have placed myself in communication with specialists in the various orders and have had their assistance in the determining and verifying of critical or new species. As on former occasions, Dr. Sereno Watson has rendered valuable assistance, especially in the Liliacese and Juncacese. In the Naiadacese I have had very much help from Mr. Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., Croydon, England, and from Eev. Thomas Morong, Ashland, Mass. These gentlemen, by examination and comparison of authentic II PEEFACE. specimens, have enabled me to give a very satisfactory account of our Eiver-weeds. "W. H. Beeby, A.L.S., London, EngLind, and Mr. Morong have contributed critical notes on the Spargania of Canada Ml". Beeby having sent my specimens to Norway in order that our northern forms might be compared with Scandinavian types. The genus Carex, as was to be expected, gave rise to many perplex- ing questions. Besides availing myself of Prof. L. H. Bailey's mono- graph of the genus, I sent him many specimen s of critical species, and have embodied in the text his remarks and occasionally his descriptions of new species and varieties. While not agreeing with him in every particular, his determinations have generally been ac- cepted as conclusive. Mr. Bennet has rendered invaluable assistance, and besides comparing my specimens with those in his own herbarium has transmitted them to Kew and to Scandinavian specialists for. com- parison with the types. From his remarks it is quite evident that the correct nomenclature of our northern carices is not yet settled. To the veteran botanist. Dr. Yasey, of the Agricultural Department at Washington, I am deeply indebted. For many years he has examined critical species and confirmed my determinations of the Graminese from all parts of Canada. All the species in this order are named in accordance with bis catalogues, and in every case his de- cision has been taken as final. In arranging the orders and genera I have followed Bentham & Hooker's Genera Plantarum, and the authority for the genus, as given by them, I have accepted. The preparation of this portion of the Catalogue has entailed much labour, on my part, and though conscious that the results accomplished are far from perfect, I would ask the indulgent criticisms of botanists who can well appreciate the diflicul- ties of the work. JOHN MACOUN. Ottawa, June, 1888. ENDOGENS. Cir. HYDROCHAEIDACB^. Feog's-Bit Family. 585. ELODEA, Michx. PI. I., 20. (WATER- WE ED.) (2208.) E. Canadense, Planchon. Michx. Fl. I., 20. Udora Canadensis, Nutt. Gen. II., 242. U. vertvAllala, Spreng. Hook. Fl. II., 193. Anacharis Canadensis, Planchon. Gray, Man. Ed. V. 495. Macoun, Cat., No. 1756. Serpimla vcddentalis, Pursh. Fl. I., 33. Veiy abundant in still waters of rivers, and in lakes and ponds throughout Quebec and Ontario. Although it makes a luxuriant growth in summer, it never chokes Canadian streams, as the frosts of winter destroy it. (Macoun.) Soiu-is Eiver, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macmm.') Canada to the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, Fl.) 586. VALLISNERIA, Linn. Gen. 1097. (EEL-GRASS.) (2209.) V. spiralis, Linn. Hook. FL, II., 192. V. Americana, Michx. Fl. II., 220. Pursh, Fl. II., 602. Not uncommon in slow-flowing rivers and shallow borders of lakes. Its range is rather wider than the last, but it is not so plentiful. In shallow water, St. Stephen, N.B. {Fowler, Gat.) Near Prince's Lodge, Halifax. {Lawson.) In a small lake near North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. {Macoun.) St, Lawrence Eiver, near Point St. Charles, Mon- treal, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Common at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) St. Lawrence, and everywhere common in streams inland and north- 1 2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ward from Prescott and Brockville. {Billings.) Common in the Bay of Quinte, and in all the streams and lakes discharging into it; ScTigog Eiver. at Lindsay, Ont. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Kingston, Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Gore Bay, "Vermont Harbor, Manitoulin Islands. (J. Bell.) cm. OECHIDACEiB. (Orchid Family.) 587. MICROSTYLIS, Nutt. Gen. H., 196. (2210.) M. monophyllos, Lindl. Gen. Orch. 19. Hook. Fl. IL, 193. M. brachypoda, Gisty. Ann. Lye, New York, III., 228. Tipidaria discolor, Beck, Bot. 350. Occasional in i-ather damp, shady woods, but nowhere common. Little Eocher, N. B. (Fowlers Gat.) Halifax, and Bedford, K S. {Lawson & Sommers.) South "West Point, Anticosti ; along high cliffs, Gasp6 coast, near Ste. Anne des Monts. (Macoun.) Near Montreal. (Goldie.) Mer Bleue, Ont., and Hull, Q., near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In rich woods, not common at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thgmas.) Cacouna, Eiver St. Lawrence, Q. ; also in Peter's Swamp, London, Ont. (Burgess.) In swampy thickets near Castieton, cedar swamp, near "W"ooler, and two miles south of Picton, Ont. ; in wet woods along Lake "Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) (2211.) M. ophioglossoides, ]Srutt.Gea.n. 196. Hook. Fl.IL 193. Malaxis unifolicl, Michx., Fl. II., 157. M. ophioglossoides, Pursh, Fl. II., 592. Newfoundland. (Dr. Morrison.) In several places in Kent Co., N.B., at Fi-edericton, Eel Eiver and Grand Like. (Fowler, Gat.) Near Bedfoi-d and at Halifax, N.S. (Lawson & Sommers.) Very abundant in web meadows at Louisburg, and at North Sydney, Cape Breton Island ; Eiver de Brig, Anticosti. (Macmin.) Dry hills, Huckleberry Eapids, Eivi^i-e Eouge, Q. (D' Urban.) Dow's Swamp and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.^ Sandy soil near Castieton and Belleville, Ont. ; shady woods along Lake "Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) OATALOGrE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 3 <2212.) M. diphyllos, Lindl., Gen. Orch. 19. Hook. Fl.IL, 193. Ounalashka. (^Eothr. Alask.) 588. LIPARIS, Richard. (TWAYBLADE.) ■<2213.) L. Loeselii, Eichard. Hook. Fl. II., 194. Malaxis lUiifolia, Richard. Pursh, Fl. II., 592 in part. In wet springy places, or on hummocks in swamps ; local but not :rare. In a boggy meadow near Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bog, Dalhousie, KB. (Chalmers.) Harris Cove, Lily Lake, St. Stephen, Fredericton, Grand Lake, Kennebeccasis and Eel rivers, N.B. (Fow- ler, Cat.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) In rich woods, not common at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Dow's Swamp, rswamp east of Beechwood, and other localities at Ottawa, not uncom- mon. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet swamp east of Belleville, and on logs in a pond, Oak Hills, Hastings Co. ; also on logs in a swamp near •Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Peat bogs near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada to Carleton House Fort, Saskatche- 'wan. (Hooker, Fl.) 589. CALYPSO, Salisb. (CALYPSO.) ■<2214.) C. borealis, Salisb. Hook. Fl. II., 195, Pursh Fl. IL, 593. On moss in deep, shady woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Ifova Scotia. (Menzies.) Eather common in shady woods, having •been detected by many collectors in N. B. (Fowler's Cat.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; cool woods, Gasp^ Basin. (Macoun.) Along the Eiver Sto. Anne des Monts, Q. (Porter.) Common in rich woods a-. Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Vicinity of Montreal, -1822. (Br. Holmes.) Eather rare, vicinity of Ottawa. (F etcher, Fl. Ott.) At Belleville in dry cedar swamps , and numerous other places in central Ontaj-io ; also woods on Pie Island, Lake Superior, and around Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Shore of Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. (Bogie.) Mossy bogs, Owen Sound, Oat. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T., to the northern end of Lake Winnipeg; very local. '(J. M. Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hayden.) Extremely rare in the Eocky Mountains, only noticed at Donald^ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Columbia Valley ; abundant in all shady woods in British Columbia and Yancouver_ Island. (Macoun.) Dean or Salmon Eiver, B.C. Cassar Trail, 36 miles west of Dease Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Canada to Bear Lake Eiver; also from Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) 590. APLECTRUM, Nutt. Gen. IL, 197. (PUTTY-ROOT.) (2215.) A. hyemale, Nutt. Hook. Fl. IL, 194. Cymbidium hyemale, Pursh, Fl., II., 593. Corallorhiza hiemalis, Nutt., Journ. Acad. Phil. III., 139. Eather rare in rich woods. Beechwood, near Ottawa. (Lt. Col. Wm.. White.) Miriwin's woods, near Preseott, Ont. (Billings.) Wm. Anderson's- woods, Prince Edward Co., woods near Belleville, Hastings Co., and in Simon Terrill's woods, Brighton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Eich woods, not common near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Mandannin, Lambton Co., Ont. (J. Morrison, Jr.) Between Norway House and. Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker Fl.) 591. CORALLORHIZA, R. Br. (CORAL-ROOT.) (2216.) C. innata, E. Br. Hook. Fl. IL, 194. C. vema, Nutt. Journ. Acad. PhiL III., 136. Eather rare, but widely distributed, being found in deep cool woods- from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Windsor, Pictou, Truro^ Strait of Canso, Guysboro Co., N. S. (Sommers, Cat.) North Woods, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Black Eiver, in Nor- thumberland Co., Carletoii and Andover, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eich woods, Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Table Top Mountain, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Low's and other swamps near Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott . ) Woods west or Preseott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Prince's Island, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Big Swamp, Murray, and at Castleton, Northumberland Co. ; woods at Kakabeka, Falls and on Pie Island, Lake Superior, also at Lake Nipigon, Ont,, and at Manitoba House, Lake Manitoba, Man. (Macoun.)- Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Beren's Eiver, Man., and Missinaf hi Eiver^ CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 5 Ont.' (J. M. Macoun.) In swamps at the Kananaskis, close to Bow Eiver, .Eocky Mountains ; Telegraph Trail, B.C. ; slope of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 3,500 feet. {Macoun.) Dean or Salmon Eiver, B.C. Upper Liard Eiver, lat. 61°, IST.WT. {Dawson.) Kotzbue Sound and Ounalaska. {Bothr. Alask.) Lake Huron; through- out Canada to the Saskatchewan Eiver. {Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. {Lange.) •(221T.) C. odontorhiza, Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. III." IST. C. Wisteriana, Conrad. Journ. Acad. Phil. VI., 145. OymUdium Odontorhizon, Pursh, Fl. II., 593. Ophrys corallorhiza, Miohx., Fl. II., 158. The occurrence of this plant in any part of Canada, except in south- Tvestern Ontario, is still a matter of doubt, as all the specimens hitherto supposed to be this species, except from that district, have proved to be C. innata. Three-mile House woods, near Halifax, N.S. {Sommers.) Woods along Lake Erie, Norfolk Co., Ont. {Br. Mchol.) Papineau woods, near Montreal, 1822. {Dr. Holmes.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {BucTian.) -2218. C. multiflora, Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. III., 138. Hook. Fl. II., 194. ' C. innata, Nutt. Gen. II., 194. Eich, shady woods, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. "New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Bev. A. Waghome.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) North Woods, near Annapolis, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Campbellton, N. B. {Chalmers.) Eather common in Kent Co., also at St. John, N.B. {Fowler, Gat.) Eich woods, Eivi^re du Loup, Q. ■{Thomas.) Beechwood and other places near Ottawa. {Fletcher, JFl. ■Ott.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Woods, common at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Under evergreens in woods at Castleton, Seymour, Brighton, Picton, and Belleville, also at Owen Sound, the Pic and Nipigon rivers, and along the east shore of Lake Nipigon, Ont. {Macoun.) Woods, not common, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Owen Sound and Cockburn Islands, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) On mountain slopes among hemlock, -at Six Mile Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. {Macoun.) Mountain slopes Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Woods near Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) On the flanks of Mount "Finlayson, also in woods at Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Flowering in May while Mertensiana is only in full flower in July. 6 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OP CANADA. (2219.) C. Mertensiana, Bong. Yeg. Sitcha, 41 ; Hook. Fl. II.,- 194. Coniferous woods west of the Eocky Mountains ; Telegraph Trail, B.C.; woods around Mount Finlayson, and very abundant on the- flanks of Mounts Arrowsmith and Mark, and on the portage from! Qaalicum to Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher.) Salmon Eiver, B.C. ; also Queen (Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Hothr. Alash.) (2220.) C. Striata, Lindl. Orch. 534. C. Macraei, Gray. Man. Ed. V., 510, Macoun's Cat., No. 1799. Very local and very rare, though it has a wide range; Caledonia- Springs, Ont. (^Macrae.) Beechwood, Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eenfrew, Ont. (Eev. 0. J. Young.) Eocky woods along North Eiver, about four miles above Eound Lake, Peterboro Co., Ont., also on the top of the high bank below the C.P.E. bridge, Nipigon Eiver. (Macoun.} Woods, London, very rare, and at Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Sooke, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) In a swamp at the Kananaskis, Bow Eiver Pass and at the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. Not uncommon at Oak Bay and in. woods around Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 592. LISTERA, R. Br. (TWAYBLADE.) (2221.) L. cordata, E. Br. Hook. PI. IL, 204. Ophrys cordata, Michx. Fl. II., 158. Not uncommon in cool woods from the Atlantic to the Pacific- Newfoundland and Labrador. (Dr. Morrison.) Pictou, N.S., and Cape Breton Island. (McKay.) Truro, N.S. (Lyndsay.) North Mountain^ near Annapolis, and Pirate's Cove, Gut of Canso, N.S. ; also woods- North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun & Burgess.) Kouchibou- guac and Dorchester, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bald Mountain, Tobique Eiver,. N.B (Hay.) Portland, N.B. (Matthews.) Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp6, Q. (Porter.) Eich woods, Eivilre du Loup, Q. (Thomas.y Swamp at the foot of the Oak Hills, Hastings Co., also in a swamp near Owen Sound, Ont. ; very abundant in woods north of Otter Head,, and at Cm-rent Eiver, Lake Superior ; One-mile portage Nipigon. Eiver, and Logan's Island, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in mountain woods from Silver City through the mountains to the coast, and common everywhere in CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. T cool woods on Vancouver Island. (Mdcoun.) Salmon Eiver, and Iltasyouco Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Ounalaska. (Bothr. Alask.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan, and from the Straits ■ of De Fuca to Alaska. . {Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2222.) L. convallarioides, Kutt. Hook. FI. II., 204. L. Eschscholziana, Cham. Lirmsea III., 33. Epipactis convallanoides, Pursh, Fl. II., 591. Not very common but extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific through the cool forest region. Dalhousie, N. S. (McKay.) North Mountain, near Annapolis, N.S., and in damp woods at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun & Burgess.) On the brink of a densely shaded brook, near the Manse, Bass Eiver, Upper St. John -and Madawaska rivers, also near Campellton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dal- housie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Nashwaaksis, N.B. ( Froom.) Woods along the Gasp^ coast and in woods up the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Ei oh woods, Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Hil- ton, near Owen Sound, and Cockbui-n Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (B. Bell.) Shore of Lake Hui-on, near Wiarton, woods near Current Eiver, along the north- east coast, and on Pie Island, Lake Superior; in wet woods along Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Oxford House, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Common in the Eocky Mountains, from the Kananaskis to Donald on the Columbia ; abundant on the mountains on Yancouver Island and at Cameron and Home Lakes. (Macoun.) Ounalaska. (Bothr. Alask.) Near Que- bec and Lake Huron ; also in shady woods in mountain swamps at the base of the Eocky Mountains ; on the north-west coast at Clarence Straits and Ounalaska. (Hooker, Fl.) 593. SPIRANTHES, Richard. (LADIES TRESSES.) (2223.) S. latifolia, Torr. Gray, Man. Bd.V., 504. S. plantaginea, Torr. Fl. N. York, II., 284. Occasionally in damp, grassy places. Titusville, Andover, North Mountain, Tobique and Eel rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Windsor, N.S. (Howe.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) In a marshy meadow at Belle- ville; rich, moi^ woods at Niagara Falls, On t. (Macoun.) Gravelly river flat, London ; Southampton, Olit. (Burgess.) S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ((2224.) S. Romanzoviana, Chatnisso. S. cemva. Rich. Hook. Fl. II., 202 in part. Not uncommon on wet sand op in bogs, along rivers and lakes from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (J?. Bell.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Eev. A. Waghorne.) Pictou, Truro and Sandpoint, N.S. ; Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. {Sommers, Cat.) ■Siscomb Eiver, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Magdalen Islands. (Michardson.) Kouchibouguac, Eichibucto, Campbellton, King's and St. John's Co's., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) South West Point, Anti- •costi; Big Swamp, Murray, shore of Lake Ontario at Presqu'ile Point, also shore of Lake Huron at Eed Bay, Ont. {Macoun.) Sault Ste. Marie. {Mrs. Saunders.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T., and on Charlton Island, James Bay. {J, M. Macoun.) God's Lake, N. B. of Lake Winnipeg (B. Bell.) Bow Eiver valley at Calgary, and rather common in sand along the Bow Eiver at Silver City, Eocky Moun- tains ; also in Beaver Creek valley, at Six Mile Creek, Selkirk Moun- tains; common at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, and at Home Lake and Alberni, Vancouver Island. {MacoUn.) New Westminster, B.C. (^Fletcher.) Queen Charlotte Islands. {Dawson.) Ounalaska. {Bothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) (2225.) S. cernua, Eichard. Hook. Fl. II., 202, in part. Neottia cemva, Pursh, Fl. II., 589. Ophrys cernua, Michx., Fl. II., 158. The limits of this and the preceding species are not very well de- fined, and references to this form maj' in reality belong to the next. Dartmouth and Halifax, N.S. {Lawson & Sommers.) Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Wet places, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Lobster Bay; Long Point, Mingan, Q. {St. Cyr.) In the neighbor- hood of bogs,. Eivi^re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) C6te St. Paul, near Montreal, 1821. {Br. Holmes.) Lake Mora, Hull, Q. {Fletcher, Fl. Ottt) Moist ground west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) The Dell, Ancaster, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Boggy meadow near the Hop Yard, Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) Peter's Swamp, near London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Drummond Island and McLeod's Harbor, ■Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) .(2226.) S. gracilis, Bigelow. Hook. Fl. II., 202. Open woods and grassy slopes, not uncommon, but local. Windsor. Halifax, Pictou, Truro and at Oyster Ponds, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Abundant along the railway cuttings at Truro, N.S. (^Macoun.) Eoadside, Pictou, N.S. {Burgess.) Caledonia, Guysboro CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 9 €o., N.S. {Faribault.) Baie Verte and Petitcodiae, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Lobster ]?ay ; Little Eiver, Mingan, Q. {St. Cyr.) Aylmer, ■Q. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eocky woodlands west of Bi-ockville, Ont. ■{Billings.) Sandy soil in woods, valley of the Humber, Toronto. {Burgess.) Sandy plains at Castleton, Ont. ; also along Lake Huron, at Eed Bay, and abundant in swamps along White Eiver, noi'th of Lake Superior, and also at Eainy Lake, Ont. {Macoun.) Obser- vation Point, Lake "Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Prom Lake Huron %o Port Pranklin, on the Mackenzie Eiver. {Hooker, Fl.) A, R. Br. (RATTLESNAKE-PLANTAIN.) <222'7.) C. repens, E. Br. Hook. PI. II., 203: Neottia repens, Pursh; Fl. II., 589, Satyrium repens, Michx., Fl. II., 157, in part. Eather common in cool mossy woods, -from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Pirate Cove and Annapolis, N.S. {Burgess & Macoun.) Very common throughout the forests of New Brunswick. {Fowler, Gat.) St. Mary's Eiver and other points, Anti. costi ; also woods along the Gasp^ coast, Q. {Macoun.) Slopes of Mount Albert, Gasp^. {Porter.) Vicinity of Quebec and Island of ■Orleans, Q. {Thomas.) Stewarton, near Ottawa, and Eastman's .Springs, Ont. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Cedar swamps throughout all the northern counties of Ontario and extending westei-ly to the Lake of the Woods. {Macoun.) Blood Eiver, Lake Winnipeg, and abundant between that lake and Lake Mistassini. {J. M. Macoun.) Between Pine Eiver and Dunvegan, Peace Eiver. {Dawson.) Not uncommon in -northern Manitoba and in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, at the Kananaskis. {Macoun.) Mountain woods of the Eocky Moun- tains, and from the Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin. {Hooker, Fl.) <2228.) C. pubescens, E. Br. Hook., Fl. II., 204. Neottia pubescens, Pursh, Fl. II., 590. Satyrium repens, Michx., Fl. II., 157, in part. Eather rare. Always prefers dry woods in Ontario. Newfound- land. {Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Bev. A. Wag- home.) Salmon Eiver, Truro, and Canso, Guysboro Co. (Sommers, Cat.) The above references probably belong to the preceding species. {Macoun.) Petitcodiae, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Lake, N.B. {Hay.) Ste. Anne de la Parade, Q. {St. Cyr.) Gravelly and rich woods, Sey- 10 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. mour, Northumberland Co. ; Belleville, and near the Oak Hills, Hast- ings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Sulphur Spring, Ancastei^ Ont. {Logie.) St. Joseph Island, Gore Bay, and Thompson Point, north of Lake Huron. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior; on good, soil. (B. Bell.) Eich woods, London, and Parry Sound, Ont. {Burgess.') North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) (2229.) C. Menzlesii, Lindl. Orchid., 492. Spiru.nthes deeipiens, Hook., Fl. II., 203. Eich woods, taking the place of Gr. pubescens west of Lake Huron.. Lake Huron. (Goldie.) Lake Simcoe, Ont. (Drummond.) Manitoulin' Island. (Mrs. Saunders.) Woods, Manitoulin Islands, and at Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Eather common along Beaver Creek, Selkirk Eange ; also abundant in all evergreen woods throughout Vancouver Island. {Maroun.) Flathead Elver, B.C., and Queen Charlotte Islands.. (Dawson.) Near the sources of the Columbia Eiver, Eocky Mountins.. (Drummond.) 595. ARETHUSA, Linn." Gen. 1014. (ARETHUSA.) (2230.) A. bulbosa, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 201; Pursh, Fl. IL, 590.. Peat bogs, common eastward. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (JSev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax and Mahone Bay, Lunenburg Co., N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Peat bog. North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; also in a bog at North Sydney coal mine, Cape- Breton. {Macoun k Burgess.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.)- Eichibucto, Fredericton, Norton, Chipman, and Musquash, N. B. {Fowler, Cat.) St. Stephen, N.B. (Vroom.) Very rare in Gomin's- woods and swamp near Quebec. {Thomas.) Swamp at Three Eivers, Q., 1822. {JDr. Holmes.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.y Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland, Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Mossy- bogs, "Westminster Ponds, London, Ont. Very rare. {Burgess.) 596. CALOPOCON, R. Br. (CALOPOGON.) (2231.) C. pulchellus, E. Br. Hook., Fl. II., 202. Cymbidium pulcMlum, Pursh, Fl. II., 592. Limodorum tuberosum, Michx., Fl. IL, 159. Peat bogs, not common. Newfoundland. {Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Bev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Pictou and. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 11 Mahone Bay, N".S.; Cape Breton. (Sommers, Oat.) Abundant in a- peat bog at North Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Smith's bog, Gnysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands. (McKay.) Peat bogs, Eichibucto, Kouchibouguac, and Day's mills . N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) St. Henri, L^vis Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Common at Quebec, in Gomin's woods. (Thomas.) Abundant in bogs near the- Indian village, Eivi^re Eouge, Q. (J)' Urban.) Savanne, near Mon- treal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Bogs; abundant in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, PL Ott.) Bay, west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Big swamp, Mui-rqy, Northumbdrland Co. ; border of a lake near Mar- mora village, and in a swamp, Huntingdon, ISTorth Hastings; also shore of Lake Huron, at Chicken Bay, Ont. (Macoun.) Westminster Ponds and mossy bogs, London, Ont. (Burgess. Mlllman.) 597. POCONIA, Juss. Gen.65. (POGONIA.) (2232.) P. ophiogiossoides, Ker., Bot. Eeg. 148. Hook.,, PI. II., 201. Arethusa ophiogiossoides, Pursh, Fl. II., 590;- Michx., Fl. II., 159. Peat bogs, not common in Ontario. Newfoundland. (Br. Morrison.)' New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Eev. A. Waghome.) Halifax, Pictou; and Mahone Bay, N.S. ; Capo Breton. (Sommers, Cat.)' In a peat bog at North Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Scarce about Eichibucto and Predericton ; abimdant at Tomlinson's Lake ; at Clifton, Andover, and Tay's mills, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) St. Charles, Bellechasse Co., Q. (St. Gyr.) In a swamp at Three Elvers, Q., 1822. (Dr. Holmes.) Common in bogs near the Indian Village, EiviSre- Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Eare at Quebec, in Gomin's woods. (Thomas.) Peat bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.y Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; swamp, Dammer, Peter- boro Co., and at Hooper's Lake, North Hastings ; swamp and marsh, at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Bog at Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) "Westminster Ponds, London Ont. (Saunders.. Millman.) Mossy bogs, London and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) (2233.) P. pendula, Lindl. Hook., PI. II., 202. Triphora pendvla, Nutt., Gen. II., 193. Arethusa pendvla, Pursh, Fl. II., 590. A. parviflora, Michx., i 1. II., 160. Damp woods, Canada. (G-oldie vide Hooker.) We have never seen a Canadian specimen of this species. It should be looked for in south western Ontario. 12 GEOLOaiCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2234.) P. verticil lata, Nutt. Gen. II., 192. Arethusa verticiUata, Pursh, Fl. II., 591. A. medeoloides, Pursh, Fl. II., 591. Low damp woods, Komoka, Ont. ; rare. (^Burgess. Millman.) 598. EPIPACTIS, R. Br. (2235.) E. gigantea, Dougl. Hook., Fl. II., 202. E. Americana, LindL, Orchid. 462. Under evergreens, at Osoyoos Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) 599. ORCHIS, Linn. Gen. 1009. (ORCHIS.) (2236.) O. spectablis, Linn. Hook., PL IL, 195 ; Pursh, Fl. IL SST. 0. humUis, Michx., Fl. II., 155. Eich low woods, rather rare. Keswick, and at Eel Eiver, Carleton €o., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gomin's wood, Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Stewart's bush and other locali- ties near Ottawa, not uncommon. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwia's ■woods and elsewhere around Prescott, Ont. ; common. (Billings.) Eich woods near Belleville, Hastings Co. ; also at Castleton and Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2237.) O. aristata, Fisch. Hook., Fl. II., 195. O. latifolia, Linn. Bothrock's Alaskan Plants, 456. Ounalashka. (Chamisso vide Soaker.) .(2238.) O. rotundifolia, Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. OXIV., 72, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Habenaria rotundifolia, Eich. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 500, Macoun, Cat, No. 1773. Platanthera rotundifolia, LindL Orchid. 286.' Occasionally met with in peat bogs ; commoner westward. Eivi^re de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) In damp woods near EiviSre du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Mingan Islands, Q. (St. Cyr.) Very abundant in the big ST^amp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. Low's swamp, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL. Ott.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; also South CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 13 Twin Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose. Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Lake Winnipeg. (Back.) Slopes of Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Damp woods, Lake Win- nipegoosis ; in the foot-hills at Morley and westward to Silver City, Eocky Mountains ; also in a hog on the Eocky Mountain Portage, Peace Eiver Canon, lat. 56°, and at McLeod's Lake, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Banff, Eocky Mountain. (Prof. Fowler.) Between Fort Churchill and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (Dr. Bae.) Greenland. (Lange.) 600. HABENARIA, Willd. Spec. lY., 44. (REIN-ORCHIS.) (2239.) H. tridentata, Hook., Ex. Fl. 81. Platanihera tipuloides, Lindl., Orchid, 285. Gymnadenia (?) tridentata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 195- Orchis tridentata. Pursh, Fl. II., 586. O. clavellata, Michx., Fl. II., 155 ; Pursh, Fl. II., 586. Peat bogs and borders of lakes, ll^ewfoundland. (Miss Brenton.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Brigus, Newfound- land. (R. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, Trui-o, and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Fari- bault.) Wet slopes, Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common in Kent Co. ; also St. John Co., N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Black Lake, on King's Mountain, Chelsea, P.Q.; rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of Hooper's Lake, North Hastings ; tamarae swamp near Norah's- Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Border of the marsh at Mill- grove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Mossy bogs, London and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (B. Bell.) Lake Huron. . (Hooker, Fl.) (2240.) H. virescens, Spreng. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 499. Platantheraflava, Gray. Sill. Joum. XXXVII., 308. P. herUola, Lindl. HoOk., Fl. 11, 197. Orchis fuacescms, Pursh, Fl. II., 587. Wet places along Crow Eiver at Marmora, Hastings Co. ; on Ship Island, Gull Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; also eleven miles up the Karain- istiqua Eiver, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Prince's Island, near Hamil- ton, Ont. (io^i'e.) In low ground, London ; rare ; also on Moon Eiver, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Between Norway House and Canada. {Hooker, Fl.) ^4 GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OF CANADA. <2241.) H. bracteata, E. Br., Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 192. H. mridis, R. Br., Var. bracteata, Reichenbaoh, Macoun, Cat. No. 1775. Peristylia bracteatus, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 201. Orchis bracteata, Pursh, Fl. II., 587. In grassy woods and meadows. Taborville, Petitcodiac, Havelock, .and Tobique Porks, N". B. (Fowler, Oat.) Common in woods at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Island of Orleans. (^St. Cyr.) Swamps and by rivers, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Observed in several places along the Eivi^re Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Not uncommon near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thicket west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Occasional all over the coun- ties of Prince Edward, Hastings, and ^Northumberland, Ont., but never .abundant. (Macoun.) Mountain near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low -woods, London, Ont. ; also at Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Eather common in many places on the Great Plains, extending to Canmore, in the Eocky Mountains and appearing again at Donald, Columbia Valley; along the Telegraph Trail, lat. 55°, B.C.; also occasionally met with near Yictoria and Goldstream, Vancouver Island. .(Macoun.) Calgary, Alterta. (Prof .' Fowler.) Sitka and Ounalaska. (Both. Alask.) Lake Winnipeg. (Back.) From Lake Huron to the .Saskatchewan, and to swamps in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) <2242.) H. Chorisianus, Lindl. Platanthera Ckoridanus, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 201. Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) ,(2243.) H. hyperborea, E. Br. EicL, App. II., 33. Platanthera hyperborea, Lindl Hook., Fl. II., 197. P. Hurunensis, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 198. P. Konigii, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. Orchis hyperborea, Pursh, Fl II., 588. Abundant in bogs, and extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Benton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Labrador. (Butler.) Harris Cove, Andover, and Upper St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Campbellton, N. B. (Chalmers.) Peat bog. Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Common in woods at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Gyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thickets, east of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Peat bogs and swamps, general throughout ■central Ontario. (Macoun.) Sulphur spring, Ancaster, near Hamilton, •Ont. (Logie.) Wet shady woods, London, and Southampton, Ont. .(Burgess.) St. Joseph's Island, Drummond Island, and Thompson's CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 15 Point, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Abundant around Lake Superior -and along the Dawson route to the Red Eiver. (^Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; Charlton Island and -" The Twins," James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Gottar & Hayden.) Between Lake Winnipeg and York Factory. (jB. -Bell.) Cypress Hills and Calgary, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) FortBllice, Long Lake, and Hand Hills, KW.T. {Macoun.) Belly ■Eiver, 49th parallel, Eocky Mountains. (Burgess. Millman.) Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Abundant in swamps and . ^mountain meadows from Morley westward through the Eocky Moun- tains to the Selkirk summit. (Macoun.) Quesnel Lake, B.C., alt. 2,200 feet, (Bowman.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) From the ^Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin ; also Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) Green- land. (Lange.) (2244.) H, gracilis, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XIL, 276. Platavthera gracilis, Lindl. Hook., II., 198. P. siricta, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. North West America. (Menzies.) Abundant in damp woods and along wooded slopes of Mount Arrowsmith and Mount Mark, at Qualicum and Alberni, and occasionally in swamps in the interior -of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Mount Pinlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) North West coast of America. (Douglas.) -(2245.) H. sparsiflora, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XII., 276. Platanthera graminea, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Both this and' the above species look like S. hyperhorea, but they -are easily distinguished by the spur, which in the former is saccate, . and in the latter is quite long and slender. (Macoun.) North West • coast. (Menzies.) .(2246.) H. dilatata, Gray. Ann. Lye. N. York, III., 231. Platanthera dilatata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 198. Orchis dilatata, Pursh, Fl. IL, 588. Eather common in bogs from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Very abundant in a wet meadow at Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Common in swamps and bogs at Kouchibouguac, Lily Lake, Campbelton, Tobique and Eel rivers, Chipman, and between Pabineau and Grand Falls, on the' Nepisiquit. N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eivi6i-e de Brig and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; also .Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands. Q. (St. Cyr.) 16 GEOLOGICAL S0EVET OP CANADA. Mountain swamp, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Solmes.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eather common in swamps throughout central Ontario, and abundant ai-ound Lake Superior and on the Island of Michipicotin. (Macoun.) Mossy bogs, London, Ont. {Burgess Millman.) Drummond Island and Thompson's Point, Geoi-gian Bay. (J.Bell.) Lake Mistassini, KB.T. (J. M. Macoun) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hayden.) Eed Deer Eiver, and along the flanks of the Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; rather common in the Eocky Mountains, from Morley westward to Hector. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Lake Lindeman, Yukon Eiver, lat. 60°. (Schwatlca.) Throughout Canada from Lak& Huron to the Saskatchewan and Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) (2247.) H. leucostachys, Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XIL, 276. Platanthera leucostachys, Lindl., Fl. II., 198. In exactly the same habitat as the preceding, but with larger, whiter and longer spurred flowers. Swamps at Donald and Beaver Creeks Columbia Yalley ; quite common in swamps at Victoria, Nanaimo, Alberni and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Tanyabunkut Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) (2248.) H. obtusata, Eich. App. Ed. IL, 33. Platanthera obtusata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. Orchis obtusata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Common in cool mossy woods throughout the forest region to Bi-itisb Columbia. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev.. A. Waghorne.) Labrador. (Butler.) Traro,l^.S. (Lawson.) Coal Branch, Kent Co.; Campbellton and Bald Mountain ; also St. John Co. and Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) North Sydney, Cape Breton ; South "West Point, An ticosti; Little Fox Eiver, Gaspd, Q. (Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^. (Porter.) Mingan Islands, Q. (St. Cyr.) Peat bogs. Sturgeon Point, Ont. (Burgess.) Bogs at Sturgeon Lake, Ont. (Mrs. Saunders.) St. Joseph and Drummond Islands, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Cedar swamps at Belleville and Castleton, also at Owen Sound, Ont. ; abundant at Kakabeka Falls, Curi-ent Eiver and Pie Island ; Nipigon Eiver, and westward along the Dawson road to the Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) Lake Mistaesini, N.E.T. ; Charlton Island and Fort George, James Bay ; also Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Damp woods. Lake Winnipegoosis and Porcupine Mountain, Man.; in the foot-hills, from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia valley; also at Fort McLeod, lat. 55°, B.C. (Macoun.) Gatcho Lake, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 17 B.C. {Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Between Port Churchill 'and York Factory, Hudson Bay. {Dr. Mae.) JSTova Scotia. Cape Torment, near Quebec, west to Carleton House Port, on the Saskatchewan and alpine swamps of the Eocky Mountains, and thence to Bear Lake and Fort Franklin ; North West coast and Kotzebue Sound. {Hooker, FL) (2249.) H. elegans, Bolander. Cat. PI. San. Pi-an. 29. Platanihera elegans, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II.,196. Eich or gravelly woodlands ; confined to the west coast. Flowering late. This form may be easily distinguished from the next by the long spui'. Rather rare near Victoria, Vancouver Island, but frequent in the woods at Nanaimo and northwards to Qualicum, and Home Lake^ where it is common on gravelly soil. (^Macoun.) (2250.) H. Unalaschensis, Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XII., 2*77. H.fcetida, Watson. Bot. King Exp., V. 341 ; Macoun, Cat., No. 1765. Platanthera Schischmareffiana, Lindl- Hook., Fl. II., 197. Very rare eastward but abundant on the west coast. Open gravelly woods, Jupiter Eiver, 'Anticosti; also on the Fishing Islands, Lake Huron; on gravel of a mountain torrent at the " Gap," Rocky Moun- tains ; very abundant on Mount Pinlayson and the other mountains ai-ound Goldstream, and on gravelly soil at Qualicum, and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island. Flowering early. (Macoun.) Vicinity of McLeod's Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Ounalashka. (Hook. Fl.) (2251.) H. Menriesii, Lindl. Gen. Orch., 286. Platanthera Menzieni, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. North West coast. {Menzies vide Hooker.) (2252.) H. Hookeri, Torr. Gray. Ann. Lye. N. York, III., 229. Platanthera Hookeri, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. H. orbiculata, Hook. Ex. Fl. 145. Cool and damp woodlands and borders of swamps. Windsor, Dart- mouth and Elmsdale, N.S. (Sommers, Gat.) Pirate's Cove, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Kouchibouguac, Kingston, Kent Co.; Grand Lake and Salmon River, also Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Lake Tamiscouata, Q. (Ami.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Gyr.) Vicinity of Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Neighborhood of Ottawa ; very common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thicket west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Damp woods, Oak Hills, Hastings Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Neighborhood of Hamilton, 2 18 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Ont. (Logie.) Komoka, Ont. (MUlman.) Two Heart River, north of Lake Huron, and on the Mjchipicotin Eiver and Oba Lake; and river north of Lake Superior. (B. Bell.) Var. oblongifolia, J. A. Paine. This form, as its naine indicates, has oblong instead of orbicular leaves. Grows in similar situa- tions. North Mountain, Annapolis, IT.S. (Macoun.) Campbellton, ]Sr.B. (Chalmers.) Chelsea Mountain, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2253.) H. orbiculata, Torr. Compend. 318. S macrophylla, Goldie. Edin. Phil. Journ., VI., 331. Flatantfiera orbiculata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. Orchis orbiculata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Eich shady woods, not uncommon but abundant nowhere. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (^Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Mount Dalhousie, Truro, Clam Harbor and Straits of Canso, N.S. {Som- mers, Cat.) North Mountain, N.S. {Burgess.) Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Bass River, Loch Lomond, Ncpisiquit Lakes, Eel Eiver, Clifton and Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^ coast. (Maco'un. Porter.) Mountain swamp and Portage des Gres, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Abundant in woods along the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa; rather rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Near Albion Mills, Ont. (Logic.) Under clumps of pines, English's woods, London, Ont. (Saunders.) Eich woods. Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Hilton, Lrummond Islands, and Cock- burn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (B. Bell.) Woods near Belleville, and at the Oak Hills Hastings Co. ; also at Castleton, Brighton, and Campbellford, Northum berland Co., Ont. ; woods, Lake Nipigon and at Kakabeka Palls, near Lake Superior ; Swan Lake House, and on the banks of the Eed Deer River, Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. ; rich woods along the Columbia Eiver at Donald, B. C. (Macoun.) West to the Saskatchewan, (Hooker, FL) (2254.) H. ciliaris, E. Br. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 192. Plaianthera cSiaris, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Orchis dliaris, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. Michx. FL IL, 156. Low sandy soil, near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Canada. (Goldie.) Apparently very rare in Ontario. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 19 <2255.) H. blephariglottis, Ton-. Compend. 311. Flatanthera blepharigluttis, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. P. Mopetala, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Orchis blephariglottis, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. We include the variety holopetala in the species as our knowledge is too limited to separate them. Peat bogs, apparently rare. New- foundland. {Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax and Bedford, N.S. {Sommers, Oat.) Bogs, Pictoii Co, N.S. 1885. {Robert.') Kouchibouguac, Maryland road, near Predericton; Tay's mills, York Co., and Chipman, N.B. {Fowler, Oat.) Island of Orleans. (St. Oyr.) Bogs in Gomin's woods, near Quebec. ■{Thomas.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, FL Ott.) Peat bogs. Lake Island, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. {Burgess.) (2256.) H. leucophaea, Gray, Man. Ed V., 502. Orchis leucophxa, Nutt. Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Moiot meadows and bogs, abundant at Baddeck and North Sydney, Cape Breton. {Macoun.) Gomin's woods, Quebec. {Thomas.) Island of Orleans. {St. Oyr.) Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Mossy woods, London, Ont. ■{Burgess.) (225Y.) H. lacera, E. Br. Hort. Eew. (Ed. 2) V., 193. Platanlhera psycodes, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 200. Orchis psycodes, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. 0. lacera, Michx., Fl. II., 156 ; Pursh, Fl. IL, 586. Eich damp woods, rare and local. Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. {Sommers, Oat.) Meadows at Baddeck, Cape Breton. {Burgess.) Kouchibouguac ; Petitcodiac and Hampton ; common between Au Lac and Port Elgin, N.B. {Fowler, Oat.) Eich woods near the hop yard, Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) Peat bogs, Westminster Ponds, near Ijon- don, Ont. {Burgess.) (2258.) H. psycodes, Gray. Manual Ed. V., 502. Flatanthera fimbriata, Lindl. "Var. j3. Hook. Fl. IL, 200. P. indsa, Lindl. Hook., Fl. IL, 200. Orchis fimbriata, Pursh, Fl. IL, 588. 0. indsa, Pursh, Fl. IL, 589. Moist woods and swamps, common in certain localities. Newfound- land. (Miss Brenton.) Windsor, Bedford, Pictou, Truro, and at the Straits of Oanso, N.S. {Sommers, Gat.) Wet meadows at Baddeck, Cape Breton. {Macoun.) Common in wet meadows and bogs, Kent Co. ; 20 " GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OF CANADA. also at Norton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Nictau Lake, E'.B. (Say.} Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Point Fame and Fox Eivei-, Gaspd coast, Q. (Macoun.) Harbor Island, Mingan Islands ; and Island of Orleans. {St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. C Verrill.) Swamp at Beechwood, and other places near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Pi-escott, Ont. {Billings.) Swamp east of Belleville, and in numei-ous places in North Hastings and at Marmora and Myersburg, in Northumberland Co. ; also on the shore of Chicken Bay, Lake Huron, Ont. (Macoun.) Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) In swampy soil at London, Ont. ; common {Burgess. Millman) Owen Sound, Drummond Island, Thompson's Point, and McLcod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bdl.) Sault Ste. Marie. {B. Bell.) Fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua River, west of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Eainy Eiver, North Western Ontario. {Dawson.) (2259.) H. fimbriata, R. Br. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 193. PlatantJiera fimbriata, Lindl. Var. a. Hook. Fl. II., 200. Low meadows and swamps ; rare. Meadow's, Caledonia, Guysboro- Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Bass Eiver, N.B. ; rare. {Fowler, Oat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B., 1884. {Hay.) Ste. Anne de la Parade, ChamplainCo., Q. {St. Cyr.) Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Abundant in low swampy ground, Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Gregory's meadows, Montreal, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Land's farm, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) 60I CYPRIPEDIUM, Linn. Gen. 1015. (LADY'S SLIPPER.) (2260.) C. arietinum, E; Brown. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 222. Cedar and tamarack swamps, usually on hummocks. Saguenay Eiver. Q. {Scott.) Savanne, near Monti-eal, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Dow's swamp, Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in the big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; also in a swamp at the base of the Oak Hills, and in pine woods two miles north of Belleville Hastings Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Portage of the Grand Eapid of the Saskatchewan, Man. {Hooker, Fl.) (2261.) C. parviflorum, Salisb. Linn., Soc. Trans. I., 11 ; Pursh, PI. II., 594. a Cakeolus, Mlchx., Fl. II., 361. Eather common in swamps in Ontario. Newfoundland. {Miss Brenton.) Eestigouche Co. ; also Tobique, near Pokiok, N.B. {Fowler, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 21 <7af.) Anticosti and Mingan Islands. {Verrill.) Eiver de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Savan*ne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Vicinity of Ottawa. (^Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Cedar swamp north-west of Prescott, Ont. ; rare. (Billings.) Swamps near Belleville ; also in the big swamp, Murray, JSTorthumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Moun- tain side beyond Mr. Bridge's house, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Cedar swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Water Hen Eiver, Lake Winnipegoosis, and on the Assiniboine Eiver, at the Grand Yalley, Man. ; also at the Kananaskis bridge, C.P.E., Eocky Moun- tains. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to Lake Winnipeg and the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) .(2262.) C. pubescens, Swartz. Hook., Fl. II., 205 ; Pursh, FL, IL, 594. C. parviflorum, Ait. Bot. Mag. t., 911 (non Willd.) Common in swamps, and often on banks in woods. Port Mulgrave, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Ball.) Truemansville, N.S. (Trueman.) Gallo- way, near Eichibucto ; rather rare ; Bdmunton, and common at And- over, N.B. (Fowler. Gat.) Campbellton, IST.B. (Chalmers.) Swamps along the Gasp^ coast. (Macoun.) . In wet places, Eivi^re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) St. Charles Island, Mingan. (bt. Cyr.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Near Lake St. Jean, Wentworth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (X>' Urban.) Hull, Q. ; Little Chaudiere, and ■other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods and swamps. Hastings, Prince Edward and Northumberland Co's., ■Ont. (Macoun.) Prince's Island, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Bast side of La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (B. Bell.) London, Ont., and Emerson, Man. ■{Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, jST.E.T., and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. {J. M. Macoun.) Eohimamish Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) In swamps along Lake Winnipegoosis, and abundant on the ptaii-ie and in thickets throughout Manitoba, and westward to the base of the Eocky Moun- tains at Kananaskis, C.P.E. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2263.) C. spectabile, Salisb. Linn., Trans. L,78; Hook., Fl. II., 204. Pursh, Fl. II., 594. C. Canadense, Michx., Fl. II., 161. C. album, Ait Kew. (Ed. 1) III., 303. Cedar and tamarack swamps, often abundant. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) .St. John Co.; Ecstigouche; York ana Castleton Go's.; Andover and 22 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Tobique Eiver. {Fowler, Cat.) Nicolet, Q. {St. Cyr.) Mountain swamp^ Montreal, 1821. {Br. Holmes.) Dew's swamp and Experimental Farm, Ottawa, abundant. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Heck's mills,^ North Augusta, and common in bogs northward from Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Abundant in many swamps in Hastings, Prince Edward and Northumberland Go's., Ont.; also at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron- {Macoun.) Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) "Westminster Ponds ; and swamps, London ; also abundant at Southampton, Ont. {Burgess.) Thompson's Point, Georgian Ba,y. {J. Bell.) (2264.) C. acaule, Ait. Kew. (Ed. l.)Iir., 161; Michx. Fl. IL, 161. C. humile, Pursh, Fl. IL, 595 ; Hook., Fl. II., 204. In swamps and pine or sandy woods ; frequent. Newfoundland. {Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Bev. A. Waghorne.) Windsor; North West Arm, Halifax; Pictou and Guysboro, N.S.. {Sommers, Cat.) North Mountain, Annapolis, and at Kingston, N.S. (white variety.) Halifax. (Macoun & Burgess.) Rather common, Black Eiver, Northumberland Co. ; Fredericton ; Lily Lake ; St. Francis Eiver, N.B. (white variety.) {Fowler, Cat.) Lake Temis" couata, Q. (Ami.) Outchechow, and Island of Orleans, Q. {St. Cyr.) In woods at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) On gneiss rocks and sand, Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Lake Flora, near Hull, and in a swamp at Beechwood, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Heck's mills, near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) "Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Evergreen woods and Westminster Ponds, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Not uncommon in swamps through- out Hastings, Addington, Northumbei'land and Peterboro Go's., Ont. ; also on St. Ignace Island, and at the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Eupert Eiver, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin. {J. M. Macoun.) From Canada to Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie Eiver. {Hooker, Fl.) (2265.) C. montanum, Dougl. Lindl., Orchid, 528. C ocddentale, Watson. Macoun Cat, No. 1801. Exclusively western and confined to the Pacific slope. Occasionally met with at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; also on the Praser Eiver, at Fort George, B.C. {Macoun.) Okanagan Lake, B.C. {Dawson.) Woods near Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island. {King.) Vicinify of Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) (2266.) C- passerinum, Eich. Hook., Fl. IL, 205. C. parmftorum, Rich. App. Ed. I., 340. On wet sand and in swamps ; rare. Near Moose Factory, Jamea CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 23 Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden!) Charlton Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.') On wet sand at the Pie Eiver, Lake Superior ; very abun- dant in a spruce swamp at the Kananaskis station, close to Bow Eiver, Eocky Mountains and westward to Silver City. {Macoun.') Pine woods, from the Saskatchewan to lat. 58°, and in the Eocky Moun- tains. {Hooker, Fl.) Canon, Yukon Eiver, ISST. {W. Ogilvie.) (226'7.) C. guttatum, Swartz. Eeichenb. Ic. Bot. t, 210. We know nothing of this species. Two specimens only, with withered flowers, were gathered at Port Franklin, on the Mackenzie, by Dr. Eichardson. Most abundant at Ounalashka. {Hooker, FQ CIV. HiEMODOEACB^. Blood-wort Family. 602. ALETRIS, Linn. Gen. 428. (COLIC-ROOT) (2268.) A. farinosa, Linn. Sp. (Ed. 2.) I., 456. A. alba, Mlchx., Fl. I., 189; Pursh, FI. I.. 225. Sandy thickets. Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) CV. lEIDACE^. Iris Family. 603. IRIS, Linn. Gen. 59. (FLOWER-DE-LUCE) (2269.) I. versicolor, Linn. Hook., PI. II., 206; Pursh, FI. I., 29. I. Virginica, Pursh, Fl. I., 29. Abundant in ditches, swamps, and by river and lake margins. New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Mev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Pictou and Canso, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Truro and Annapolis, N.S. {Macoun.) Abundant in wet places throughout New Brunswick. {Fowler, Cat.) Dalhousie, N.B., in a fresh water swamp. {Fletcher.) Common throughout (Quebec and Ontario, extending westward to the Lake of the Woods {Burgess) and north eastward to Lake Mis- tassini, N.E.T., and Charlton Islarid, James Bay, and west to Lake Winnipeg and Beren's Eiver. {J. M. Macoun.) Winnipeg and North West Angle Eoad. {Dawson.) Michipicotin Eiver, from Long Por- tage to Lake Mattawagaming, north of Lake Supeiior. {B. Bell.) 24 GEOLOGICAL STIRVET OF CANADA. <22'70.) I. Hookeri, Penny; Stend. Nomen., 1840. Itridentata, Hook. Fl. II., 206. I. Caurina, Hook., Fl. II., 206. Apparently peculiar to the sea coast, and- always found within the limit of the spray from the sea. The writer is of opinion that all allusions to I. versicolor, found on the coast, belong here. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (^Bev. A. Waghorne.) Wet bank above the sea, Louisburg, Cape Breton. (^Burgess.) On the sand bar, South Sydney, Cape Breton ; abundant along the whole Gasp^ coast, from Gasp^ Basin to Petit Metis. (Macoun.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Fletcher.) Cacouna and Kamouraska, Q. (Pringle.) Mingan Islands, St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Mingan Islands ; and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. ( Verrill.) (2271.) I. tenax, Dougl, Hook., Fl. II., 206. No Canadian specimen of this species has ever fallen into our hands. Newfouadland and New Brunswick. (Hooker, Fl.) In the neighbor- hood of Hull, near Ottawa ; Determined by Dr. Vasey. ( Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common on dry undulating grounds, from Cape Mendocino to Puget's Sound, North West Coast. (Hooker, Fl.) We strongly suspect that the eastern references belong to I. Virginka, but have no means of deciding. (2272.) I. Virginica, Linn. Hook., PL II., 206. I. prismatica, Pursh, Fl. I., 30. Chiefly in salt marshes silong the coast. Abundant in meadows close to the sea, Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1883. (Macoun. Burgess.) New Brunswick. (Hooker, Fl.) Nova Scotian and New Brunswick col' lectors should examine the salt marshes and meadows near the coast for Iris tridentata and 1. Virginica, as there is no doubt of their wide dis- tribution in the maritime provinces. (2273.) I. lacustris, Nutt. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 517. Sandy thickets close to the beach at Chicken and Eed Bays, Bruce Peninsula, Lake Huron, 1871. (Macoun.) Very abundant in sandy thickets along Lake Huron at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) (2274.) I. Sibirica, Linn. Eothr. Alask., 456. Norton and Kotzebue Sound, Alaska. ' (Rothr. Alask.) We know nothing of this species. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 25 «04. SISYRINCHIUM, Linn. Gen. 1017. (BLUE-EYED GRASS) (2275.) S. anceps, Cav. Pm-sh, FI.L, 31; Hook., PI. 11., 207. S. Bermudiana, Michx., Fl. I., 33. S. Bermudiana, Linn. . Var. ancepi. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 517. Very common, either under this form or the next, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. As the next is the commoner form, we place all general references to S. Bermudiana under it and only record here the speci- mens we have seen. Newfoundland to the Saskatchewan. (^Hooker, FL^ 'New Harbor, Newfoundland. (JRev. A. Waghorne.) Amherst Island Magdalen Islands, N.S. (J". Richardson.) Coast of Gasp^, Q., and at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Yiciuity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Kitaman Eiver, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains. (^Dawson.) Donald, Columbia Valley, B.C. (ilfacoww.) Sitka. '{Bothr. Alash.) (2276.) S. mucronatum, Michx. PI. I., 33; Hook., PI. II., 206. S. Bermudiana, Linn. Var. m,ucronatum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 517. Petty Harbor, Newfoundland. (JR. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Wet meadows, Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Meadows at Sherbrooke, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Among grass, everywhere. New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Through, out Quebec and Ontario, and extending to Hudson Bay on the north, and including the prairie region, the Eocky Mountains, British Columbia and Vancouver Island. All collectors throughout this immense region have met with it, and although it takes the form of Var. dlbidum ■on the prairies, and becomes more scabrous and taller on Vancouver Island, there are no constant characters to separate it into varieties. (2277.) S. Californicum, Ait. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 1) IV., 135. S- Uneatum, Torrey, Pacif. Ey. Rep., IV., 143. Abundant along the shores of Shawnagin Lake ; Home Lake, near Qualicum ; and Sproat Lake, near Alberpi, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 2278.) S. grand iflorum, Dougl. Hook., PI. II., 207. A. most lovely flower and one of the earliest; on dry mossy rocks, amongst oaks in the southern part of Vancouver Island, especially at Victoria and Cedar Hill. (Dawson, Fletcher, Macoun.) 26 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. CVI. AMAEYLLIDAOB^. Amaryllis Family. 605. HYPOXIS, Linn. Gen. 41Y. (STAR-GFJASS) (2279.) H. erecta, Linn. Pursh, Fl. I., 224; Hook., Fl. IL, 207. H. Caroliniannm, Michx., Fl. I., 188. Meadows and grassy woodlands. Kot common, eastward. Sandy meadow near Trenton station, and in a meadow near the Feri-y House, opposite Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Prince's Island, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Sandy woodland, Hatchley, Ont. ; also bor- ders of woods. Emerson, Man. {Burgess.) Very abundant on the prairie at Brandon and the countiy around the Brandon Hills and westward (Macoun.) South of Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.} North Antler Creek, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) CVII. DIOSCOEEAOE^. Yam Family. 606. DIOSCOREA, Linn. Gen. 1122. (YAM) (2280.) D. villosa, Linn. Pursh, Fl. L, 251; Hook., PI. IL, 207. D. panieulata, Michx., Fl. I., 239. Very rare in Canada. Only found west of Toronto. Marsh near Dundas, Ont. (Buchan.) Thickets on river bank, London, Ont.. (Burgess. Millman.) CVIII. LILIACB.E. Lily Family. 607. SMILAX, Linn. Gen. 1120. (GREEN-BRIER) (2281.) S. quadrangularis, Pursh, Fl. L, 251. S. roiundifoKa, var. quadrangularis. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 519. S. rotundifolia, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 172 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 250. S. cavduca, Pursh, Fl. I., 250. Thickets in damp woods on Pelee Point, Lake Brie, 1882. (Macoun.) Low woods near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 27 (2282.) S. hispida, Muhl, Cat. 97. Low swampy woods not common, eastward. Abundant in black ash swamps in many parts of Hastings Co. ; borders of Cold Creekr Brighton, and along the Trent above Campbellford, and in woods west of JSTewcomb's Mills, Cramahe, Northumberland Co., Ont. {Macmn ) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low woods and thickets at London and Owen Sound, Ont. {Burgess.) Port Dover, Lake Erie. {Macoim.') (2283.) S. herbacea, Linn. Michx., PI. L, 238 ; Pursh, PI. I., 25L S. pedunculans, Muhl. Hook., Fl. II., 173 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 251. S. pulvertdenta, Michx., Fi. I., 238. S. lasioneuron, Hook., Fl. II., 173. Eather common in rich woods and thickets. Eothesay and Prederic- ton ; rather common along the St. John Eiver, St. Hilaire, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. {Br. Holmes.} Quebec and Island of Orleans. {Thmnas.) Ste. Anne de la Parade, Cham plain Co., Q. {St. Cyr.) Devil's Eiver, on sand climbing over bushes, Ai-genteuil Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Eiver banks and on islands at Ottawa. {Fletcher, FL Ott.) Thickets around Prescott, Ont., and northward; common. {Billings.) Borders of fields west of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Neighborhood of London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Borders of fences at Castleton and Belleville, Ont. ; common ; also 15 miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior; in thickets along the Assiniboine Eiver, west of Portage la Prairie, Man. {Macoun.) Thickets at Emerson, on the Eed Eiver, Man. {Burgess.} Canada to Lake Winnipeg and Eed Eiver, and west to Port Carleton, on the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, FL) 608. ASPARAGUS, Linn. Gen. 424. (ASPARAGUS) (2284.) A. OFFICINALIS, Linn. Pursh, Pi. I., 235. (Garden Asparagus.) A garden escape in a number of localities. "Waste places around Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Waste places at London, Ont. {Burgess.. Millman.} Burlington Beach, near Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan. Burgess^ Waste heaps, and growing in a piece of woods near Belleville, Ont. ;. also at Victoria and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.} 28 aEOLOGIOAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 609. POLYCONATUM, Adans. (SOLOMON'S SEAL) (2285.) P. biflorum, Ell. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 531. P. mvltiflorum, Desf. Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. P. angustifolmm, canaliculatum, pubescens, hirtwm, latifolium and mvltir florum, Pursh, Fl. I., 234-235. Convallaria mvltiflora, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Eather common in rich woodlands and by fences. N'ear Halifax, H.S. (Iiawson.) Not rare, Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Truro, Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Fredericton; St. Stephen; common at Salmon Eiver and Andover ; St. Francis and Upper St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) In rich woods at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Abundant in roCky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Eich woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Ejch woods, common at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Eich low woods, very common throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Common at Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Eich wooded banks at London ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Hilton, near Wiarton, Ont. (J. Bell.) "Woods at Owen Sound, and in woods ujd the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) {2286.) P. giganteum, Dietr. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 531. P. latifolium, var. commulatum, Baker, Journ. Linn,, Soc. XIV., 555, chiefly. P. mvltiflorum. Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Confined to westei-n Ontario and westward. Dunning's farm, near Niagara, and at Amhei'stburgh, Detroit Eiver, Ont. ; also at Portage la Prairie, Man. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont., and in thickets &t Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Along the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 6IO. STREPTOPUS, Michx. Fl. I., 200. (TWISTED-STALK) <2287) S. amplexifolius, DC. Fl. Fran. III., 174. S. distortus, Michx., Fl. I., 200. Hook., Fl. II., 173. S. ampkxicaulis, Poir. Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 591. In cool ravines and deep shade, along mountain brooks ; not com- mon anywhere, but extending across the continent to Vancouver Island. Labrador. (Butler.) Windsor and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 29 Shady ravines at Truro and Pirate's Cove, N.S.; also in a ravine at Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Kent and JSTorthumberland Co's. ; Campbellton ; Lancaster; rather common at Salmon Eiver, Tobique, and Bald Mountains, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common on Anti- costi and along the Gasp^ coast, and on the slopes of Mount Albert, Q. {Macoun.) Mingan Islands, and Island of Orleans, St. Lawrence Eiver. {St. Cyr.) Eivi^re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) In great abundance in moist places in woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. {D' Urban ) Damp woods, Nipigon, Pic and Current rivers. Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Grand Marais, Lake Superior, and up the Michipicotin Eiver, north of the lake. {B. Bell.) Hilton, near Wiarton, Ont. {J. Bell.) Porcupine Mountain, Man. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. {J. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass and Michel Creek, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Common in wet thickets from Morley westward through the Eocky, and Selkirk mountains ; not uncommon along mountain streams at Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Yale, and in the mountains at Spence's Bridge, B. C. {Fletcher.) Fort Wrangel, Sitka. {Meehan.) Sitka and Ounalashka. {Bothr. Alask ) From Newfoundland and Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains, and thence to the Columbia and north to Fort McLaughlin and Sitka. {Hooker, Fl.) G-reenland. {Lange.) (2288.) S. roseus, Michx., Fl. I., 201 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 232; Hook., Fl. IL, 1*73. Abundant in drier woods than the preceding, but scarce on the Pacific slope. Labrador. {Butler.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou and Canso, Guysboro Co., W.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Very common in the northern counties ; also in St. John and King's Co's., N".B. {Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. {Chalmers.) In woods at Truro and Anna- polis, ]Sr.S. ; also at Salt Lake, Anticosti, and common in woods along the Gasp^ coast. {Macoun.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., IST.S. {Faribault). Anticosti and at Ouatchechou, Q. {St. Cyr.) "Woods at Eivifere du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. {JD' Urban.) Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Prescott, Ont. '{Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Common in low rich woods throughout central Ontario. {Macoun.) Vicin- ity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Eich woods. Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. {Burgess.) Owen Sound and Hilton, Ont, {J. Bell.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior, and up the Michipicotin Eiver, north of the lake. {B. Bell.) "Woods up the Kaministiqua and Dawson road. Port Arthur; also in woods, Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, and on the Skagit Eiver, B.C. 30 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. {Bauson.') Not obeerved in the Eocky Mountains, but detected in Beaver Creek valley, near the Selkirk summit. {Macoun.) Goose €reek Mountains, five miles from Keithly, dariboo, B.C. ; 5,800 feet alt. {Bowman.) Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°. {Schwatka.) Prom Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and on the North "West coast from the Columbia to lat. 58". {Booker, Fl.) 611. SMILICINA, Desf. (FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL) (2289.) S. stellata, Desf Pursh, Fl, I., 233 ; Hook., Fl. II., 176. 1 ConvcUlaria stellata, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Very common in low moist woods, along streams, and in meadows. Labrador. {Butler.) Pictou and Truro, N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Common on St. Paul's Island, Magdalen Islands, and Newfoundland. {McKay.) Damp woods at Truro and Pirate's Cove, N.S. {Macoun.) Moist banks, Kouchibouguac ; intervales, Salmon Eiver ; St. John Eiver, Kenne- beccasis ; Petitcodiac ; Cedar Brook, on the Tobique ; Indian Falls, Nepisiquit Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Metapediac, Eestigouche Co., N.B. {Chalmers) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and in the valley of the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^. {Macoun.) Island of Orleans and Mingan Eiver, St. Lawrence Eiver. {St. Cyr.) Ei.vi6re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Montreal Mountain. {Porter.) On sand along the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Dow's swamp and other localities at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott ) Swamps and low intervales along streams, abun- dant in central Ontario. {Macoun.) Bare in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Prince's Island near Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Mississaqui, Drummond, and Cockburn islands, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Sandy thickets at Toronto, low woods at London, Ont. ; Parry Sound, Georgian Bay, and in the Eed Eiver valley at Emerson, Man. {Burgess.) North shore of Lake Supei-ior. {Agassiz.) Up the Kami- nistiqua Eiver, west of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. {Cottar & Br. Hay den.) Charlton Island, James Bay; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn Eiver to Hudson Bay ; also on Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. {J. M. Macoun.) In a thicket at Pembina Mountain, Man. ; near Belly Eiver and on the North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Rocky Mountains. {Bawson.) In moist thickets on the Assiniboine, at Portage la Prairie and Brandon ; abundant in moist meadows and grassy places from the vicinity of Morley through the Eocky Mountains to Don^aldin the Columbia valley. {Macoun.) Prom Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and from Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 31 <2290.) S. sessilifolia, Nutt. in herb. Watson Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 245 (1879). S. stellata, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Tovaria sessilifolia, Baker, Joum. Linn., Soo. XIV., 566. This species takes the place of S. stellata west of the Coast Eange as all our specimens from the west coast are of this species. Fraser Eiver valley at Yale, B C. ; also quite common in the valleys of rivers and along brooks, at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Goldstream and northward, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island (Fletcher.) Korth "West coast. {Hooker, FL) <2291.) S. racemosa, Desf. Pursh, Fl. I., 233 ; Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. S. ciliata, Pursh, Fl. I., 232. Convallaria racemosa, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Eich woods, not infrequent. Dartmouth, Halifax, Bedford, Pictou and Truro, N.S. (Sonimers, Cat.) Trui-o and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Bass Eiver; Welsford ; and Nerepis Valley, N. B. (Fow- ler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Island of Orleans. (St. Gyr.) Gomin's woods, Quebec. (Thomas.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) McKay's bush and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Pi-escott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in rich woods throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) In woods, mountain side west of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low woods at London ; and Parry Sound, Geoi-gian Bay. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, Hilton, Gore Bay, and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. {B. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Fifteen miles up the Kaminisiiqua Eiver, -west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2292.) S. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Journ. Philad. Acad. VIL, 58. S. racemosa, var. amplexicaulis, "Watson. Macoun, Cat, No. 1843. S. racemosa, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Tovaria racemosa, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 570, in part. Eather common in thickets and on beds of snow-slides, from Morley, . in the Eocky Mountains, to the summit of the Selkirks. (Macoun.) Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Michel Creek, Flathead Eiver, and Coldwater Eiver, B.C. (Bawson.) North "West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Specimens from Goldstream and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, although referred here, are exactly like eastern S. racemosa. All the leaves are more or less petioled, and had these specimens been found in the Atlantic provinces they would be referred to the preceding species. 32 GEOLOGICAL SURVEr OF CANADA. Mr. Jas. Fletcher describes his specimens from Mt. Pinlayson, Van- couver Island, as having much larger leaves, more plaited, and flower- much more highly scented than eastern racemosa. (Macoun.) (2293.) S. trifolia, Desf. Pursh, Fl. I., 233. Hook., PI. 11., 175." Convallaria trifolia, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Tovaria trifolia, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 565. Abundant in swamps and wet woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Labrador. (Butler.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (.Kev. A. Waghorne.) Windsor, N.S. {Row.) Pietou, N.S. {McKay.) Swamps, near Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Bichardson.) Kouchibouguac, and Hudson's Broftk, Kent Co. ; St. John Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Swamps, Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.} Swamps, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mingan Eiver and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Swamps, Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.') Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q.; and Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Dow's swamp and other peat bogs near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp north of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Cold peaty swamps throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Marsh at Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Peat bogs, London, and Blenheim, Ont. (Burgess.) Bruce Mines, Hilton, Thompson Point, Gore Bay, and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Swamps at Owen Sound and west of Thunder Bay, and around Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. ; Lake Mistassini and down the Eapert Eiver, N^lE.T.; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior; Nelson Eiver and Oxford House, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Observed in a spruce swamp at. the Kananaskis, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Swamps through- out Canada, to Bear Lake and the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) 612. MAIANTHEMUM, Wingers. ("LILY OF THE VALLEY") (2294.) M. Canadense, Desf Watson,Proced. Am. Acad. XIV. 247. Smilidna bifolia, Koem. Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. S. Canadense, Pursh, Fl. I, 233. S. bifolia, var. Canadensis, Gray. Man., Ed. V., 530. Convallaria bifolia, Michx., Fl. I., 201. On dry hummocks and in cool woods, from the Atlantic to the Eocky Mountains. Labrador. (Butler.) Brigus, Newfoundland. (JR. Bell.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Pietou, N.S. (McKay.) Truro, N.S. (Chambers. Macmin.) New Harbor, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 33 St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Truro, Halifax and Canso, N.S. (^Macoun & Burgess.) Very common throughout- New Brunswick. {Fowler, Oat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Woods, Salt Lake, AnticoBti; and along the whole peninsula of Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Ouat- chechou, Champlain Co., and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Eich woods, common at Eivifere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Abundant in all woods near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) "Woods, common at Presoott, Ont. (Billings.) Eemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Very abundant in cool woods in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich woods at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Mississagui Island and Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Woods at Owen Sound ; Nipigon Lake and Eiver, and around the west side of Lake Superior ; and westward to Brandon, on the Assiniboine, Man. (Macoun.) Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mis- tassini, N.B.T., and down the Eupert Eiver to James Bay ; Mis- sinaibi Eiver, Ont. ; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn Eiver. (J. M. Macoun.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior ; north end of Lake Winnipeg and down the Nelson Eiver, and at Oxford House, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Sitka. (Meehan.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay and Newfoundland to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2295.) M. bifolium, D.C. var. dilatatum, Wood. Proced. Phil. Acad. 1Y4, (1868.) Smilicina bifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part Apparently confined to the west coast of America. Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Dawson.) Common in low woods along small streams at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Beacon Hill and Oak Bay, near Victoria; Nanaimo and Qualicum, and in the woods generally around Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Port Wrangel, Sitka. (Meehan.) Port Simpson and Sitka, on the North-west coast. (Hooker, Fl.) 613. HEMEROCALLIS, (Linn. Gen, 433. (DAY LILY) (2296.) H. PULVA, Linn. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 535. Occasionally escapes from gardens, in New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.} Waste places at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Quebec. (St Cyr.} Waste places, near London ; rare. (Burgess. Millman.) 3 34 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 614. BRODI/EA, Smith. Trans. Linn. Sec. X., 2. (2297.) B. grand iflora,' Smith. Hook., Fl. II., 186. Milla mantima, Macoun, Cat., No. 1869. On sandy, rooky, or gravelly soil, in the oak openings. Close to the sea, on Fuller's farm, at Oak Bay ; and in numerous places on rocky soil around Victoria and Cedar Hill ; abundant on ledges above Departure Bay, and near the Half-way House, Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, B.C. (Meehdn. Fletcher.) North West America and New Georgia. {Hooker, FL) (2298.) B. Douglasii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 237. TriUleui grandiflora, Lindl. Hook., PI. II., 186. Milla grandiflora, Baker. Journ. Linn. Soc. ; Macoun, Cat, No. 1870. In deep sand or in crevices of rocks ; rare. Close to the sea at Oak Bay. {Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) (2299.) B. lactea, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 238. B. grandiflora, Pursh, FI. I., 223. Sesperoscordon Lemsii, Hook., Fl. II., 185. Milla hyadnthina, Baker. Macoun, Cat. No. 1871. Abundant by roadsides, along the borders of fields, by lakes, amongst gravel, and on sand by the sea coast, from the vicinity of Victoria to Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Meehan. Fletcher.) North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) 615. ALLIUM, Linn. &en. 409. (ONION, GARLIC) (2300.) A. tricoccum. Ait. Pursh, Fl. J[., 223. A. triflorum, Pursh, Fl. I., 223. A. cemuum, Hook., Fl. II., 184. Not very widely distributed but common in Ontario and western Quebec, Hampton and Petitcodiac; Eel Eiver, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant in moist places in woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) McKay's woods and other places at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 35 in central Ontario. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Abundant in woods, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun. J. Bell.) Batch-ah-wah-nah Eiver, Lake Superior. {B. Bell.) Lake Erie. (Hooker, Fl.) (2301.) A. Schcenoprasum, Linn. Hook., Fl. IL, 185. Not uncommon in crevices of rooks along lakes and rivers. New- foundland. (Dr. Morrison.) In beautiful clumps, with very bright flowers, in meadows near the sea at Yarmouth, N.S. ; in the debris of Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Pabineau Falls on the Nepisi- quit and Eothesay ; Nauwigewauk ; very common along the Upper St. John, Tobique and Bel Elvers; Indian Falls of Nepisiquit; Ham- mond Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Oat.) Bathurst, N.B. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Island of Orleans. {St.Cyr.) North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassis.) Wet gravelly shore, Port Arthur, Lake Superior. {Burgess.) Bast coast of Lake Nipigon, Current Eiver, Thunder Bay, and east coast of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont., and Severn Eiver, Keewatin. {J. M. Macoun.) Milk Eiver flats, 49th parallel. {Millman.) Eiver bank, Belly Eiver, N. "W. T. {Burgess.) Summit of Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, and Flathead Eivei, B.C. {Dawson.) Eather common along the Bow Eiver, from Morley westward to Laggan, thence along the Kicking Horse Eiver to Donald, in the Columbia valley, B.C. {Macoun.) Port Clarence, Norton and Kotzebue sounds, and rapids of the Yukon. {Bothr. Alask.) Francis Eiver, lat. 61°, and Yukon Eiver, lat. 63° {Dawson.) Throughout the wooded country to Bear Lake, and to the prairies of the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2302.) A. cernuum, Eoth, Parsh, Fl. IL, "732 ; Hook., Fl. IL, 184. A. stellatwm, Hook., Fl. II., 184, in part. Abundant in the western part of the prairie region, and westward to Vancouver Island. Low open prairie, Turtle Mountain and Short Creek, Man. {Burgess.) Souris Eiver, Man. {Millman.) Lake of the woods; West Butte, 49th parallel; South Kootanie Pass, Wild Horse Creek, Kootanie Valley, North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; Gatcho Lake, B.C. {Dawson.) Blackfoot Cross- ing, Bow Eiver, Alberta; near Dunvegan, Peace Eiver, lat. 56°; rather common on grassy slopes from Morley westward to Castle Mountain and thence to the Columbia valley at Donald, where it is abundant ; on dry slopes at Spence's Bridge, and Lytton, B. C. ; grassy places near Victoria ; on the slopes of Mount Finlayson ; woods near Departure Bay ; very abundant at Qualicum and Alberni, and along mountain slopes, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Nootka, where the bulbs are used as an esculent. {Hooker, Fl.) 36 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OE CANADA. (2303.) A. Canadense, Kalm. Michx., PL I., 194; Pursh, Fl. I.^ 223 ; Hook., Fl. II., 185. Along river banks, rather rare. Montreal Island, above Nun's Island, 1821. (X>r. Rolmes.) Along the Moira, at the paper mill, Belleville, Hastings Co. ; Meyer's Island, in the Trent, above Meyersburg, Nor- thumberland Co. ; Massassaga Point, Bay of Quinte, Prince Edward Co. ; Colchester, Essex Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Eiver bank, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2304.) A. reticulatum, Eraser. Hook., Fl. II., 184. A. angvlomm, Pursh, Fl. I., 223. Eather common on dry gravelly slopes in some parts of the prairie region. Open prairie, Turtle Mountain, Man. (Burgess. Millman.') Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant on gravel ridges and slopes along the Assiniboine Eiver, at Brandon, and on ridges along the Qu'Appelle Yalley, near Fort EUice, Man. (Macoun.) Badger C,oule6, 49th parallel, and Milk Eiver Eidge, Alberta. (Dawson.) Common on a gravelly hillside, Stoney Eeserve, Morley, Eocky Moun- tains. (Macoun.) Wooded country, especially about Carleton House, Saskatchewan Eiver. (Sooker, FL) (2305.) A. Ceyeri, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., Vol. VI., 229. A. reticulatum, Var. jB. Watson, Bot. King's Rep., V., 486. A few poor specimens of this were gathered near Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, in 1875, and referred to A. reticulatum. Pine fruiting specimens were observed at Oak Bay, near the same place, 1887. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, 1885. (Fletcher.) (2306.) A. acuminatum, Hook., Fl. II., 184. A very beautiful and common species in numerous localities in the southern part of Vancouver Island. On dry. ground near Victoria. (Fletcher. Meehan.) Yale, B.C. (J. A. Hill.) Abundant on rocks around Cedar Hill ; at Mount Pinlayson, and along the coast from Victoria to Nanaimo, where it is common ; on dry ledges near Departure Bay, at Qualicum and on the rocks along the Alberni canal, on the west coast. (Macoun.) Mary Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Plentiful at Nootka Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) (2307.) A. Stellatum, Praser. Hook., Fl. II., 184, in part. A rather rare and obscure species, occasionally recorded from the prairie region. Eat Portage, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) On the prairie south of the Touchwood Hills, at Pheasant Mountain and on the- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 37 Oypress Hills, Alberta. (Macom.) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. fieri.) Plains of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Boston Bar, below Iiytton, B.C. (Fletcher.) Spence's Bridge, B.C. (A. J. Bill.) (2308.) A. Nevii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., Vol. VI., 231. A. retieidalum, Hook., Fl. II., 184, in part. Abundant in a few localities. This species throws up leaves early in spring, bat does not flower until after the middle of June, when it is in perfection. Abundant in a field near the base of Cedar Hill, and in some profusion on rocky ground near Cloverdale, close to Victoria; common on rocky ledges, at the Half Way House, four miles from Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nootka. (^Hooker, Fl.) (2309.) A. Vancouverense. Abundant on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,976 feet. It grows in crevices of rocks and bursts into flower as soon as the snow disappears ; July 17th, 1887. Dr. Watson, to whom this species has been submitted, believes it to be new. The bulbs have been planted At our Experimental Farm, and the species will be fully described next year. The specimens obtained were too young for correct deter- mination but the species is near A. falcifoUum. 616. CAMASSIA, Lindl. (CAMASS) (2510.) C. Fraseri, Ton-. Pacif. E. Eep., IV., 147. Scilla Fraseri, Gray, Man., Ed. V., 533. Apparently rare in Ontario. White Island, in the Detroit Eiver, ■opposite Amherstburgh, 1882. (Macoun.) (2311.) C. esculenta, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 186. Fhalangium Quamash, Pursh, PI. I., 226. Very abundant in all rich soils, and even in cultivated fields and meadows, throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island. It be- comes less common as the oak disappeai-s, but at Qualicum and Alberni it is still in profusion in open spots. (^Macoun. Fletcher. Dawson.) North West America. (Hooker, FL) By following the plough in the autumn, when the stubble is being turned over, many fine bulbs can be collected. It is not so much eaten now as formerly, as the Indians have better food since the advent of the whites. (2312.) C. Leichtlinii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. Vol. XII., 376, C. esculenta, var. Leichtlinii, Baker. Bot. Mag., t. 6287. C. esculenta, var /?. fioribw albus. Hook., Fl. II., 186 Chlurogalwm Leichtlinii, Baker, Gard. Chron., 689, (1874.) •Occasionally met with, growing in company with the preceding 38 QEOLOQICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. species. On King's Farm, at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, 1884. (Fletcher. Sill.) The specimens referred here are exactly like those of Suksdorf, upon which the species was founded by Watson. We have both white and blue flowered specimens. 617. LILIUM, Linn. Gen. 410. (LILY) (2313.) L. Philadelphicum, Linn. Hook., Fl. XL, 181; Pursh, PL I., 229. L. umbellalum, Pursh, Fl. I., 229. Eather common in western Ontario, but more so throughout the prairie region. McKay's woods and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thickets near the Grand Trunk gravel pit, at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) On gravel banks and ridges, and along the rocky banks of rivers, and over the whole extent of Eice Lake Plains, Ont. (Macoun.) East Flamboro, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Sandy woodlands near London; Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie, Ont. (Bwr^ess.) Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J.Bell.) Very abundant along the north shore of Lake Superior, on exposed rocks, and along Poplar Eiver, Lake N"ipigon. (Macoun.) Down the Missinaibi Eiver to Moose Factory, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Nelson Eiver, and at Oxford House, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Open prairie at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Eed Eiver, Man., plentiful ; near Pincher Creek, and between the north and middle fork of the Old Man Eivei-, foot-hills, Eocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) Portage la Prau-ie, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Calgary, Alberta. (St. Qyr.) Abundant on the prairies from Winnipeg to Moose Jaw, and westward to Canmore, in the Eocky Mountains, appearing again at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Ifeighborhood of Calgary. (Prof. Fowler.) Portage la Loche, lat. 5t°. (Back.) Lake Hui-on and throughout Canada to the Saskatche- wan and prairies of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Yar. ? Probably an albino, petals pale yellow, not spotted ; more narrowly lanceolate with longer claws. Near Turtle Mountain, on the open prairie, 49th parallel ; rare. (Dawson.) Badger Creek, Man. (Burgess.) (2314.) L. Canadense, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 181; Pursh, Fl. I., 229; Michx., Fl. I., 198. L. pardalinum, var. Bourgsei, Baker. Journ. Linn. Soc, XIV., 242. Common eastward, but rather rare to the west. Not uncommon Pictou Co., N. S., and Cape Breton. (McKay.) Truro and Col- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 39 Chester, N.S. ; Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. {8ommers, Gat.) Low meadows between New Glasgow and Port Mulgrave, N.S. ; in low in- tervales at Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common in meadows at Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.') Bathurst, N.B. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Common on intervales and moist meadowsj New Brunswick. (Fowler, Gat.) On the ilats along the lower part of the Metapfedia Eiver, Q. (Macoun.) St. Anne de la Parade, Q. (St. Gyr.) Beauport, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Laprairie, near Mon- treal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) In meadows along the Grand Trunk Eailway, between Cobourg and Port Hope, Ont. (Macoun.) Low shady place at London and Blenheim, Ont. ; Yerj common. (Burgess.) Eight bank of Eainy Eiver, below Fort Francis, 18*72. (Macoun.) (2315) L. Carolinianum, Michx. Fl. I., 197. L. Canadense, var. superbum, Elwes., Mon. Lil. t. 21. L. superbum, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 181 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 230; Macoun Cat., No. 1853. Eich low grounds, western Ontario. Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Moist grounds half a mile west of London, Ont. (Saunders.) A specimen in our herbarium, collected by Dr. Burgess, near London, in 1879, approaches this species very closely, both iu its revolute perianth and almost perfectly smooth leaves. Mr. James Fletcher, botanist to the Experimental Farm at Ottawa, has grown Lilium Garo- Unianum from bulbs purchased in the United States, together with the form here referred to, L. Garolininnum. He believes that our own form is different from both L. Carolinianum and L. Ganadense and sug- gests that Elwes' name should belong to it. It is extremely probable that his view is the correct one. (2316.) L. Columbianum, Hanson. Baker, Linn. Soc. Journ., XIV., 243. L. Canadense, vax. parmflorum. Hook., Fl. II., 181. L.parvum, Kell. Macoun, Cat. No. 1854. L. Philaddphicum.j'va.T. [3. Hook., Fl. II., 181. Abundant in some localities ; generally on dry gravelly soil. Whipsaw Creek, B.C. (Dawson.) Very common at Victoria, Vancouver Island, (J. Bichardson. Fletcher.) On gravelly soil throughout the oak openings in the southern part of Vancouver Island ; common at Nanaimo and near the Wellington Mines ; on old sea beaches of gravel and shells at Qualicum, at Home Lake, in the interior, and Alberni on the west coast. (Macoun.) 40 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 618. FRITILLARIA, Linn. Gen. 411. (FRITILLARIA) (231'7) F. Kamtschatcensis, Ker. Hook., Fl. II., 181. The specimens referred here are much taller and stouter than the next species, and, as far as I am aware, are confined to the proximity of the sea. The number of flowers varies from two to four, and they are usually of a dull purple. The first whorl of leaves is generally four, but the next usually has five. Abundant on grassy banks within the influence of spring tides at the mouth of the Nanaimo Eiver, a little below the new bridge; occasional specimens at Gordon Head, four miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Vic- toria, 1876. (Dawson.) Sitka, Ounalashka, and Cape Prince of Wales. {Sothr. Alask.) North-west coast, on the beach ; Observatory Inlet to Stikine Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) (2318.) F. lanceolata, Pursh, Fl. I., 230; Hook, Fl. II., 181. Very abundant on dry gravelly soil in some localities on the West Coast. Above Lytton, on the Fraser Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) In pro- fusion at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (^Fletcher.) Very common throughout the oak woods and rocky, mountainous places from Victoria to Nanaimo and north to Qualicum, where it is especially abundant near the sea ; and across the island to Alberni. (^Mdcoun.) Nootka Sound. (^Menzies.) Var. floribunda, Benth. On dry ground, King's Farm, and at Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2319. F. pudica, Spreng. Hook., Fl. II., 182. lAiium (?) pudkum, Pursh, Fl. I., 228. Not uncommon at Fort McLeod and Lethbridge, Alberta. The only known stations east of the Eocky Mountains. {N. H. Gowdry.) Appar- ently very rare in British Columbia. Collected on the mountain slopes along the Thompson Eiver, at Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) In abundance, with Calochortusimacrocarpus, on the slope opposite Lytton station, and at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 41 «I9. ERYTHRONIUM, Gen. 414. Linn. (DOG'S TOOTH VIOLET) '(2320.) E. Americanum, Smith. Hook., Fl. IL, 182. E. Denscanis, Michx., Fl. 198. M lanceolatwm, Pursh, Fl. I., 230. Very abundant in rich woods throughout Ontario. Not common at Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Colchester Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Hudson's Brook, Kent Co.; abundant at Fredericton; near 8t. John and at Nor- ton, on the Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bathurst, N.B. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Sillery, Q. (St. Cyr.) Abundant in rich woods, EiviSre du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Common along the Eouge Eiver, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Very com- mon around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eich woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Yerj common in woods throughout central •Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Eich -woods, London, Ont. Pai-ry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Woods, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) (2321.) E. aibidum, Nutt. Gen. I., 223. Apparently rare in Ontario. Abundant in a rich low wood, two miles east of Belleville, between the Grand Trunk Eailway and the BayofQuinte, 1878. (Macoun.) Steep clay banks of river at "The •Cove" London, Ont. (Burgess.) (2322.) E. propullans, Gray, Amer. Nat. V., 298. In rich, deep soil, on the farm of George Casey, M.P., near Fingal, Elgin Co., Ont., 1882. (Macoun.) (2323.) E. grand iflorum, Var. (?) albiflorum. Hook. Fl. IL, 182. Veiy abundant in rich woods, and in crevices of rocks, and on old sea beaches throughout the whole southern part of Vancouver Island. A remarkably fine species and well worthy of cultivation. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria. (Fletcher. Hill.) Var. (?) Smithii. Hook., Fl. IL, 182. E. revolulum, Smith in Eees. Cycl. E. grandiflorum, var. revolutum, Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc XIV., 296. Gathered by Menzies on Vancouver Island. Not lately detected ■unless this may be var. albiflorum, which turns pinkish in drying if young specimens are taken. 42 GEOLOGICAL StTRVET OF CANADA. Var. giganteum, Hook., Fl. II., 182. Summit of Coast Eange, near the Pi-aser Eiver, B.C., 18'7'7. Stems^ three to four flowered. (JDawson.) Harrison Lake, B.C. (^BurgesSy Serb.) Flowers, large bright yellow. Var. (?) minor, Morren. Belg. Hort. XXVI., 109. The specimens referred here are all from high mountain summits,, generally one flowered and bright yellow. In moist thickets South Kootanie Pass, 1831, and on the western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, (Dawson.) On the summit of Hope Moun- tain, B.C. (J. Tolmie.) Goose Creek Mountains, Cariboo, B.C., 6,000 feet alt. (Bowman.) In abundance on mountains around Kicking Horse Lake, and on the beds of snow-slides, passing up to the limit of perpetual snow ; in great profusion at the summit of the Selkirks,. close to the melting snow, Aug. 24th, 1885 ; abundant on the summit of Mount Benson, alt. 3,363 feet; occasional specimens on Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,500 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 620. LLOYDIA, Salisb. (2324.) L. serotina, Eeichenb. Watson, Proced. Am. Acad.,. XIV., 261. Anthericum serotinum, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 183. St. Lawrence and Ounalashka islands. Cape Lisburne and Kotzebue- Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Northern Arctic coast. (Br. Richardson.) 621. CALOCHORTUS, Pursh, Fl. I., 240. (2325.) C. elegans, Pursh, var. nanus, Wood. Proc. Phil. Acad.. 168 (1868). C. elegans, Hook., Fl. II., 183; Macoun, Cat. No. 1873. C. Lyallii, Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. XIV., 305. C. elegans, var. minor. Hook., Fl. II., 183. Summit of the South Kootanie and Crow Nest passes, Eocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) Eecesses of the Eocky Mountains, near the region of perpetual snow. (Douglas.) (2326.) C- macrocarpus, Dougl. Hook., PL II., 183. Dry, gravelly soil on the mountains above Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) Very fine specimens at Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Similkameen Eiver ; near Wild Horse Creek, Kootanie Valley, B.C. (Dawson.) Abundant at Lytton, Spence's Bridge, and Kamloops, B.C. (Fletcher.}. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 43- 622. CHAMyELIRIUM, Willd. (DEVIL'S BIT) C232'7.) C, Carolinianum, Willd. Watson, Proc. Am. Acad, VI., 282. C. luteum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 527. Helonias dioica, Pursh, Fl. I., 243. In swamps near Mount Pleasant, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada. (Gray, Man.) 623. XEROPHYLLUM, Mx. Fl. I., 210. (XEROPHYLLUM) (2328.) X. tenax, Nutt. Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 284. Helonias tenax. Pursh, Fl. I., 243. South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, 49th parallel. Abundant and past flowering in the lower valleys, but still flowering at 6,000 feet alt., on Aug. lYth, 18Y4. Crow Nest Pass, 1883. (Dawson.) 624- TOFIELDIA, Huds. (FALSE ASPHODEL) (2329.) T. borealis, Wahlenb. PI. Lapp., 169. T. paluslris, Huds. Hook., Fl. II., 179. T. pusilla, Pursh, Fl. I, 246. Narthedum pusillum, Michx., Fl. I., 209. Peat bogs and on rocks along the sea or large lakes. Ford's Har- bor, Labrador. (B. Bell.) Low grounds and peat bogs. Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. (Si. Gyr.)- Lake Mistassini. (Michaux.) Lake Mistassini and down the Eupert Eiver to James Bay, and northward on all the islands in James Bay to Cape Jones ; Missinaibi Eiver, Ont., and north to Moose Factory. (J. M. Macoun.) Hill Eiver and mouth of Churchill Eiver, Hudson Bay. (B.Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Eatherrafe- in the Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mountain and Mount Stephen, but abundant at Donald, in the valley of the Wait-a-bit. (Macoun.) Great Slave Lake ; TJngava, Hudson Strait. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Mossy soil, Kingnite, Cumberland Gulf, Cape Searle, and Scott's Bay, west side of Baflln's Bay. (J. Taylor.) Between the Mackenzie Eiver and Baffin's Bay. Smith's Sound and Greenland. (Hooker, Arct. PI.) From Labrador and Hudson Bay to Bear Lake Eiver ; and west to the- Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) -44 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2330.) T. coccinea, Eich. Hook. Fl. II., 179. Barren ground from lat. 64° to the shores of the Arctic sea; about Jasper's Lake, in the Rocky Mountains, and on the west coast, north of lat. 68°, to Ounalashka. {Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound, Chamisso Island, and Cape Lisburne. {Rothr. Alask.) North east coast of America. {Soaker, Arct. PI.) Var. major, Hook., FI. II., 179. Mackenzie Eiver. (Bichardson.) Only two specimens of this variety have been gathered, and the writer has seen no specimens of either form. (2331.) T. glutinosa, Willd. Pursh, Fl. I., 246 ; Hook., Fl. II., 1Y9. Narthedum glviinosum, Michx., Fl. I., 210. Cold bogs and borders of mountain lakes and rivers, Flat lands, Restigouche Co. ; along the Upper St. John, Bel and Tobique rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, and in peat bogs, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, St. Lawrence Eiver. {St. Qyr.) Quebec, Island of Orleans. {Thomas.) Cleghorn's, Quebec, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Shore ■of Georgian Bay at Collingwood. {Logie.) Fairview Harbor, Drum- mond Island, Thompson Point and McLeod Harbor, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Wet gravelly river flat, Southampton, Ont. {Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) Shore of Lake Huron at Eed Bay ; Livingstone Point, Lake Nipigon, along the shores of Thun- der Bay, and the east coast of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. {J. M. Macoun.) On the Athabasca river near Fort Assiniboine ; Bow Eiver valley, from Calgary westward to Hector at the summit of the Eocky Mountains; abundant around Home Lake and on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Eocky Mountains, 49th parallel. {Dawson.) Sitka. ■{Bothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. {Meehan.) From Hudson Bay to Bear Lake, and to the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2332.) T. occidentalis, Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XIV., 283. In boggy ground, Beaver Creek valley, near Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, 1885. {Macoun.) Easily distinguished from T. glutinosa •by the long sepals and pedicels which are twice as long in each case. 625. UVULARIA, Linn. Gen. 412. (BELL-WORT) .<2333.) U. perfoliata, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 174 ; Pursh, Fl. I, 231. U. perfoliata, var. minor, Michx., Fl. I., 199. Eich woods, but of doubtful occurrence in Canada. The references CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 45- given below are quoted from authorities, but specimens have not been examined. Woods near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) "Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.) (2334.) U. grandiflora, Smith. Pursh,Fl. I., 231; Hook., Fl. IL, 174. U. perfoUata, var. major, Michx., Fl. I., 199. Eich woods, common in many parts of Quebec and Ontario. Batis- can, Q. (St. Oyr.) Gomin's Woods, Quebec. (Thomas.) Abundant by roadsides in newly cleared parts of Grenville, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Papineau Eoad, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.}- Abundant in the neighborhood of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very abundant in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Low rich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Woods at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Huron. (Hooker, Fl.) (2335.) U. sessilifolia, Linn. Hook. Fl. 11., 175,; Pursh, Fl. I., 233. Oakesia sessilifolia, Wataon. Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 269. Eich woods, but chiefly in Quebec and New Brunswick. Near Truro, N.S. (Chambers.) Truro, and North Woods Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) St. John, and King's Go's. ; Lily Lake; Kouchi- bouguac and Grand Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Ste. Anne de la Parade, Q. (St. Oyr.) Papineau Eoad, near Montreal, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Quite common in rich woods around Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) New Bruns- wick. (Hooker, Fl.) 626. DISPORUM, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. I., 331. (2336.) D. Menziesii, Don. Uimlaria Smithii, Hook., Fl. II., li •.. Prosartes Menziem, Don. Linn., Trans. XVIII., 533- We have never seen Canadian specimens of this species, but Dr. Watson gives its range " from California to British Columbia." Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island. (Hooker, Fl.) (2337.) D. lanuginosa, Don. Prosartes lanuginosa, Don. Macoun, Cat. No. 1836; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 528, (1868). Umiiaria lanuginosa, Pursh. Hook., Fl. 174, in part. • Slreptopus lanuginosus, Pnrsh, Fl. I., 232 ; Michx., Fl. I., 201. Eich woods, western Ontario. Woods near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.)- 46 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Eich woods, Norfolk Co., Ont. {Dr. Nichol.) Port Dover Junction, Elgin Co., Ont., 1882. (Macoun.) Shaded banks, London, Ont. (Millman. Burgess.) {2338.) D. trachycarpa, "Watson. Prosartes trachycarpa, Watson. Hep. King's Exp. V., 344 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1835. Umlaria pubenda, Rich., App. 10. U. lanuginosa, Pers. Hook., Fl. II., 174, in part. U. lanuginosa, var, major, Hook., Fl. II., 174. Generally found in poplar and willow thickets throughout the prairie region. Slopes of the South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Thickets along the Cypress Hills, N.W.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon at Manitoba House, Lake Manitoba ; on slopes of the Por- cupine Mountains ; sand hills at the source of the Qu'Appelle ; i-ather common in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains and westward to Kananaskis station. (Macoun.) In thickets near Eegina, Assiniboia. (Fletcher.) Wooded country from Lake Winnipeg to the Eocky Moun- tains, and from Norway House to Cumberland House. (Hooker, FL) (2339.) D. Hookeri, Ton-. Prosartes Hookeri, Torr. Pacif. R. Rep., IV., 144 ; Macoun, Cat. No- 1834. The specimens placed under this species are unlike any form we have of D. Oregana. They are charcterized by perfectly smooth fruit (half-grown), and, in flowering specimens, by the smooth style and nearly glabrous ovary. Not uncommon in woods at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, and westward in Beaver Creek Valley to Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains ; also at Quesnel, and Soda Creek, B.C., 1875. (Macoun.) Mountain si opes at Spence's Bridge, and Yale, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2340.) D. Oregana, Watson. Prosartes Oregana, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 271. Uvularia lanugivosa, Hook,, Fl. II., 174, in part. Eich low woods. Apparently common in the rich woodlands through- out Vancouver Island, as far north as Qualicum and Alberni. All the island specimens have very haiiy fruit even when fully ripe. Speci- mens exactly similar were gathered at New Westminster, B.C., 1875- (Macoun.) Eastern base of Coast Eange, on Skagit Elver, B.C., 1877. Glenora, Stikine Elver, 1887. (Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Van- couver Island. (Meehan.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 4T 627. CLINTONIA, Rafln. (OLINTONIA) (2341.) C. borealis, Eaf. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 529. Smilacina borecdis, Pursh, Fl. I., 232 ; Hook., Fl. II., 175. Eich cool woods, abundant chiefly eastward. Labrador. (Butler.) Brigus, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) New Harbor, Trinity Bay, New- foundland. (Bev. A. Waghome.) "Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, and Canso, Ouysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Bedford, N.S. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Eich woods, Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.} St. John and King's Go's. ; St. John city ; Kouchibouguac ; along the Tobique Eiver; Bald Mountain and between Pabineau, and Grand Falls, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bathurst, N.B. (McGill Coll. JEerb.) Woods, Salt Lake, Anticosti, and on the Gasp^ coast. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Island of Orleans, and Mingan Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. (St .Cyr.) Savanne and other places near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Eich woods at Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Very abundant in Argen- teuil Co., Q. (D' Urban) Murray Bay, St. Lawrence Eiver. (McGill Coll. , Herb.) Cool woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Low wet woods and cedar swamps, central Ontario; common. (Macoun.) Somewhat common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Buchan.) Low woods, London, Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, Mississagui Island, Cockburn Island, and Hilton, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) In many places around Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon, and westward on the Dawson route to Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, and down the Eupert Eiver to James Bay; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn Eiver ; also down the Missinaibi Eiver. (J. M. Macoun.) New Brunswick; Newfoundland; Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2342.) C. uniflora, Kunth. Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc, XIV., 584. Smilacina uniflora, Menzies. Hook., Fl. II., 175 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1847. Cool shady woods, from the Eocky Mountains to Vancouver Island. South Kootanie Pass, and Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains ; Tany- abunkat Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Goose Creek Mountains, Cariboo, B.C., alt. 5,800 feet. (Bowman.) Eather uncommon in mountain woods, from Hector, Eocky Mountains, westward through British Columbia and northward to Fort McLeod, lat. 55° ; rather rare on Van- couver island, only observed on Mount Mark, alt. 2, "750 feet. (Macoun.) Yale Mountain, B.C. (Fletcher.) North West America, and on the mountains of the interior. (Hooker, FL) 48 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 628. MEDEOLA, Linn. Gen. 455. (INDIAN CUCUMBER) (2343.) M. Virginica, Linn. MicLx., PI. I., 214;Pursh, Fl. I., 244; Hook., Fl. II., 179. Eich woods, rather common; but seldom seen in abundance any- where. Windsor, Dartmouth, Halifax, and Pictou, W.S. (Sommers, Oat.)- Truro, and North Woods, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Woodlands, Glenelg, Guysborough Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Bathurst, KB. (McGill Coll. Serb.') Kouchibouguac, and Bass Eiver ; St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Campbellton, and Hampton, N.B. (Ohalmers.) Island of Orleans. {Thomas.) Very abundant in rocky and sandy woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) In a swamp, Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Eich woods, around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woods at Prescott, Ont. ; common. (Billings,) Eich deep woods, rather uncommon, in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Woods near Lake Medad, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low rich woods, London, Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) London, and Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Owen Sound, and Hilton, Ont. (J. Bell.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) 629. TRILLIUM, Linn. Gen. 456. (THREE-LEAVED NIGHTSHADE.) ' (2344.) T. erectunn, Linn., var. atropurpureum, Hook. Fl. II., 180 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 245. T. rhomboideum, var. atropurpureum, Michx., Fl. I., 215. T. obomtum, Pursh, Fl. I., 246. (Montreal plant.) Low rich woods by the borders of swamps. Halifax, and near Eock- head ; Hall's Harboi-, King's Co., N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Woods, Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Macoun.) Common about St. John, Loch Lomond, and St. Croix Eiver ; Upper St. John Eiver and its tributaries, Norton, Tobi- que, near Pokiok, and Bald Mountain ; rare in the northern counties of N.B. only reported from Eestigouche. {Fowler, Gat.) Island of Orleans. (St. Oyr.) Papineau Eoad, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Solmes.) Eivi^r© du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Abundant in low woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Com- mon at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common throughout central Ontario in wet woods ; northward it is found on drier soil, as at North CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 49 Bay, Lake Nipissing. (Macoun.) "Woods, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Eieh woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Port Colborne, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herh.) Owen Sound, and in woods up the Kaministiqua Eiver, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vaf. album, Pursh, PI. L, 245; Hook , PL, IL, 180. Occasionally detected ia low woods growing with the species. Bel River, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Ironsides, Ottawa Co., Q. (J. M. Macoun.) Occasionally found with the species, and wherever it occurs about Ottawa. (Fletcher.) Gomin- Wood, near Quebec. (St.Cyr.) On limestone near Gate Lake, Ai'genteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) In low wet woods three miles east of Belleville, between the railway and the Bay of Quinte ; low thicket. Cold Creek, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; also woods at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Var. ochroleucum, Hook., PI. II., 180. Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) "While exploring North Mountain, near Annapolis, N.S., a few years since, a couple of specimens of this variety were gathered. They are smaller flowered than the type, but gener- ally resemble it. Many years ago the writer obtained specimens of a form with green petals, which had been gathered in the county of Peterboro, Ont. Nothing has been heard of it for the last twenty years. Var. declinatum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 523. T. cernuum, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., Vol. XIV., 275 in part. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) North shore of Lake Superior; at the mouth of Nipigon River and in the woods up the Kaministiqua ; also in abundance at Totogon, at the southern end of Lake Manitoba. (Macoun.) London, Ont. ; rare; also at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Missinaibi River, near James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Pac- torv, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Prom the Saskatchewan to the Mackenzie River. (Hooker, Fl.) In my opinion if this is not a distinct species its proper place is as the western and northern form of T. cernuum. When fresh the two forms are very distinct. The peduncle in T. cernuum is short and recurved, while in this it is twice as long as in cernuum and merely declined. The habitat of T. cernuum is alluvial flats, while that of the variety is low damp woods, without reference to streams. The species is scented while the variety is scentless, and the flowers of the former are not half 4 50 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. as large as those of the latter. The two may grow in the same districts but not together. Dr. Watson disagrees with me and believes its place is with T. erectum, and in deference to him I place it there. (2345.) T. grand iflorum, Salisb. ; Pursh, M. I., 246; Hook., Fl. II., 180. T. rhomboideum, var. grandiflorum, Michx., Fl. I., 216. T. camUchaticum, Pursh, Fl. 1., 246. Not uncommon in rich woods in Ontario. Vicinity of Montreal, 1814. (Pursh.) Townships of G-renville and Wentworth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (Z)' Urban.) Very abundant on King's Mountain and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Very common in woods at Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Woods at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) (2346.) T. ovatum, Pursh, PI. I., 245 ; Hook., PI. II., 180. T. grandiflorum, Hook., Fl. II., 180, in part. Eich woods in the Praser Valley, from Yale to the coast, and not rare in rich, shady woods on Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Quali- cum and Alberni. (Macmm.) Vicinity of Victoria. (Sill. Fletcher.) (2347.) T. cernuum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 180; Pursh, PL L, 245. Chiefly in rich low woods, and intervale lands of river bottoms. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) In woods, Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Eothesay, N.B. (Matthews.) Gal- lows Hill, near Napan, Northumberland Co. ; Bass Eiver, and Oxbow, on Salmon Eiver ; St. Francis, Kennebeccasis and Norton; Tobique, at Two Brooks, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Bathurst, N.B. (McG-illGoll.Herh.) Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) In rich woods, Eivifere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Billings Bridge, the only locality near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woods along Bell's Creek, three miles east of Belleville, Hastings Co. ; Cold Creek flats rear of Esli Terril's farm, Bi-ighton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) (2348.) T. erythrocarpum, Michx.,Pl.,I.,216;Hook. Pl.,n., 180. T. pictum, Pursh, Fl. I., 244 ; Holmes, Cat. Montreal Plants. Eich and cool woods, rather local in its distribution. Windsor Halifax, Pictou, and Pirate's Harbor, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers Cat.) Woods, Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common, especially on recently burned ground in northern counties; St. John CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 51 and King's Go's. ; also St. John city, JST.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Portland, N.B. (Matthews.) In woods, Gaspd Basin, Q. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) In rich woods, Eivifere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Papineau Wood, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Abundant in rocljy woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Local at Ottawa, (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Somewhat rare at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) North Bay, Lake Nipissing, and at Collingwood, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) St. Eemi, Q. ; and Kemptville, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Eich woods, Hatehley, Ont; Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) 630. MELANTHIUM, Linn. Gen. 454. (2349.) M. Virgin! cum, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 524. M. hybridum, Pursh, Fl. I., 242. Leimanthium hybridum, Eoem. ; Hook., Fl. II., 177. Upper Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) We have never seen a Canadian specimen- of this species, and cannot speak explicitly of its occurrence in western Ontario. Certainly the region where Mr. Goldie botanized (the shores of Lake Erie) is less known botanically, than any other part of the Dominion, except the extreme north. 631. VERATRUM, Linn. Gen. 1144. (FALSE HELLEBORE. (2350.) V. viride, Ait. ; Pursh, PL L, 242 ; Hook. Fl. IL 1Y8. r. album, Michx., Fl. I., 249 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1829. V. Eschscholtzii, Gray ; Eothr. Alask. 456. V. album, var. EschschoUzii, Dawson, Bound. Rep. 374. Eather common on intervales of the Eestigouche, Eichibucto, St. John, and Kennebeccasis rivers, ]Sr.B. (Fowler, Oat.) In numerous places along the Gaspd coast, from Mont Louis to Metis. (Macovn.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Oyr.) Very common at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) South Kootanie Pass and foothills of Eocky Mountains, 49th parallel. (Dawson. Burgess.) In mountain swamps and on snow-slides from Castle Mountain, in the Eocky Mountains, westward to the Selkirks and mountains in the Peace Eiver Pass, lat. 56° ; on mountain slopes and in river valleys, Mount Finlayson, Mount Benson, Mount Arrow- smith, and Mount Mark; also at Goldstream, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sooke, Vancouver Island. 52 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. {Fletcher.) Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.) Canada to the Saskatchewan and the Eocky Mountains, and from the Columbia to the Stikine. (Hooker, Fl.) Snow Shoe Valley, Cariboo, B.C., alt. 3,000 feet. (Bowman.) 632. STENANTHIUM, A. Cray. Ann. Lye. N. York IV., 119. (2351.) S. occidentale, G-ray, Proced. Am. Acad., XVIII., 405. Crow Nest and South Kootanie passes, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Abundant on the slopes of ravines on all the Eocky Mountains up the Bow Eiver Valley, and westward to the Columbia Valley at Donald ; along Little Qualicum Eiver, on the slopes of Mount Arrowsmith, alt, 4,500 feet, and on Mount Mark, alt. 2,500 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near Tale, B.C. (Fletcher.) 633. ZYCADENUS, IWIichx. Fl. I., 213. (ZYGADENE.) (2352.) Z. elegans, Pursb, Fl. L, 241; Hook., Fl. II., 178. Z. glaucm, Nutt. ; Hook., Fl. II., 178 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1826. Z. cMoranlhus, Richards ; Hook., Fl. II., 177. Eather rare along river banks eastward but abundant on the prairies- and westward to the Pacific. Sand beach at Belledune, N.B. (Fowler^ Oat.) Salt Lake, An ticosti, and on cliffs along the Gasp^ coast. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands and Anticosti. (St. Gyr.) Murray Bay, Eiver St. Lawrence. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Bank of the Moira and in a field near Belleville ; rocky banks Shannonville, and swamp three miles south of Mai-mora, Hastings Co. ; marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Island Harbor, and Drummond Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Shaded river bank, Southampton, and Elora, Ont. (Burgess.) Very common throughout the prairie region extending westward through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley at Donald. (Macoun.) Near Turtle Mountain and westward on the 49th parallel to the Milk Eiver, and Crow Nest Pass in the. Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Fort Selkirk, Yukon Eiver, lat. 62° 45'. (Schwatka.) Kotzebue Sound, Port Clarence, Arctic coast and Fort Yukon. (Bothr. Alask.) Banks of the St. Lawrence, around Niagara Falls, and on the borders of Lakes TSrie and Huron. In the valleys of the Eocky Mountains near the sources of the Columbia and on the banks of the Saskatchewan and Eed rivers. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 53 (2353.) Z. venenosus, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 279. Z. Nuttalln, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1827. Leimanthium NuttaUii, Hook., Fl. II., 177. Quite common on the upper slopes of the Cypress Hills and west- ward through the foot-hills to Castle Mountain in the Eocky Moun- tains. (Maooun.) Wood Mountain, 49th parallel, 1874. (Millman. Burgess.) Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Lytton, B.C. (Jlill.) Milk Eiver Eidge, Alberta; Nicola Valley, and Drew Harbor, B.C. North point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Abun- dant in the Praser Valley ; and around Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Very abundant in the southern part of Vancouver Island, and extending to Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Locally named " Poison Camass," as the bulb is poisonous. (2354.) Z. paniculatus, Watson, Eep. King's Exp. V., 344. Helonias panicvlata, Nutt, Journ. Phil. Acad., VII., 57. Apparently rare, on the great plains, as none of our collectors, so far as I am aware, have even gathered the plant. According to Dr. Watson it ranges from Nevada to the Saskatchewan. CVIII. PONTEDEEIACE^. Pickeeel-weed Family. 634. PONTEDERIA, Linn. (PICKEREL-WEED.) (2355.) P. cordata, Linn. ; Hook., PL II., 187. Preq[uent in ponds and by lake margins. Marshes near Cape Blomi- don, N.S. (Macoun.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, Mahone Bay and Truro, N.S. (Sommers, Gat.) Shallow water, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Kennebeccasis, near the railway station, Prederieton, Grand Lake, several places on the St. John Eiver, Tobi- que Lake, Norton, Clifton Lake, and common in western parts of Charlotte Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Port St. Francois, Nicolet, Q. (St. Cyr.) Lake St. Augustine, Q. {Thomas.) Very abundant in small lakes near Lake of the Three Mountains, and in sheltered parts of Trembling Lake, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Mouth of Eiver St. Pierre, near Montreal, 1821. (Br. . Holmes.) Nation, Eideau and Ottawa rivers, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In streams inland, from Prescott northward ;- very common. (Billings.) Common in all slow- flowing rivers and lakes, and ponds throughout the northern counties of 54 GEOLOGICAL SDEVET OP CANADA. Ontario. (Macoun.) Burlington Beach, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Moon Eiver, Muskoka Co., Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.") St. Joseph Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan. [Hooker, Fl.) Var. angustifolia, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 545. P. angustifolia, Pursh, Fl. I., 224. This variety is very distinct from the species if the form of the leaf only is considered. The St. Clair specimens have leaves fully eight inches long and not at all cordate at the base. Many of the references given with the species very likely belong here, but we have no means of determining without the specimens. Shallow water, Norton, N.B. (Say.) St. Clair Eiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Still water, Trent Eiver, above Heely Falls, ISTorthumberland Co. j and Lake Isaac, Bruce Peninsula, Ont. (Macoun.) In water at Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) 635. HETERANTHERA, Ruiz. (WATER-STAR GRASS.> (2356.) H. graminea, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 32. Lq)tanthus gramineus, Miohx. ; Hook., Fl. II., 187. Schollera graminea, Willd. ; Gray, Man. Ed.V., 545 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1906. Abundant at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In gravel along the north shore of Lake Ontario and the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and at Weller's Bay, Prince Edward Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont., on the lake shore. (Buchan.) On the lake shore at Kingston, Ont. (Burgess.) CIX. XYEIDEiE. Yellow-eted-grass Family. 636. XYRIS, Linn. (YELLOW-EYED GRASS.) (2357.) X. flexuosa, Muhl, var. pusilla, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 548. X Caroliniana, Pursh, Fl. I., 33, in part. X. Jupacai, Michx., Fl. I., 23, in part. This form is easily distinguished from the species by being without the bulbous base. The wi'iter believes it to be a distinct species and wholly separate from X. flexuosa. Peat bogs and wet sandy shores in CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 55 the northern forest region of Ontario and the eastern provinces. Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Peat bogs, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Robert.), Kendrick's Lake, near St. Stephen ; Point de Bute, Westmoreland Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Blackstone Lake, and Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. {Burgess.) ex. JUNCACB^. EusH Family. 637. JUNCUS, Linn. Gen. 437. (RUSH, BOG-RUSH.) (2358.) J. effusus, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 190. Frequent in ditches and boggy places throughout the eastern pro- vinces ; Brigus, Newfoundland. {R. Bell.) Windsor, Bedfoj-d, and Pictou, N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. {J. Richardson.) Truro, Halifax, Annapolis and Yarmouth, N.S.; also in the river valley at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. {Macoun.) Abun- dant in marshy ground, New Brunswick. {Fowler, Cat.) Pentecost Eiver, Levis, and Eagged Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. {St. Cyr.) Ditches in McKay's Woods and other places at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common around Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Abundant throughout central Ontario. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) In low swampy grounds near London, Ont. {Burgess.) Ditches at Owen Sound, and in meadows at Fort William and west- ward up the Kaministiqua Eiver. {Macoun.) Lake Wabatongwashene, Ont. ; York Factory, Hudson Bay. {R. Bell.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Hayden.) Eather common in springy places through- out the southern half of Vancouver Island, extending to Qualicum, and Barclay Sound. (Macoun,) Var. brunneus, Bngelm. Proc. Calif Acad. II., 491. Abundant on the islands in Barclay Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island, ISST. (Macoun.) Var. conglomeratus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 537. In the same situations as the species, but less common. Not com- mon in low grounds at Annapolis, N.S., and at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Fredricton, N.B., and elsewhere; not common. (Fowler, Gat.) (2359.) J. flliformis, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 190. Eather common along river margins, in gravel, and on lake shores ; 56 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. widely diffused. Bedford, near Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Low meadows, N"orth Sydney, Cape Breton. {Burgess.) Ti'uro, and Yar- mouth, N.S. {Macoun.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Eichibucto, Kouchibouguac, Woodstock and Salmon Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Wet meadows, Gasp^ Basin, Q. Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of Black Creek, Grimsthorpe, Hastings Co.; abundant at Elliott's Falls, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. ; White Eiver, north of Lake Superior ; in wet meadows. Fort William, Thunder Bay. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, ISr.E.T., and Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Fac- tory, James Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Shore of Little Slave Lake and along the Saskatchewan at Fort Carleton, and along Bow Eiver, above Calgary ; in a boggy spot on the " Tote Eoad," one mile west of the Selkirk summit, B.C., 1885. {Macoun.) Saskatchewan Eiver to Bear Lake and English Eiver. {Hooker, Fl.) Southern Greenland. {Hook., Arct. PL) (2360.) J. Balticus, Var. /3. littoralis, Bngelm., Mon. Juno. 442. /. Balticus, Dethard. ; Hook., FL II., 180. /. glaucus. Rich., App. page 11. Sandy shores of lakes and by the sea ; not rare. Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Along the coast at Yarmouth and Truro, N.S. {Macoun.) Common on the 6oast of Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Along the coast of An ticosti, at Salt Lake and Jupiter Eiver; Gasp^ Basin and along the coast to Matane, Q. {Macoun.) Mingan Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. {St. Cyr.) Along the St. Lawj-ence Eiver at Prescott, Ont. ; rare. {Billings.') Abundant at West Lake, Prince Edward Co. and around Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario, and five miles north of Trenton, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Sault Ste. Mavie, and along the north-east coast of Lake Superior ; Poplar Eiver, Lake Nipigon and westward. (Macoun.) Sandy shore of Toronto Island, and at Southampton, Lake Hui-on. {Burgess.) Fort George, James Bay. (/. M. Macoun.) North end of Lake Winnipeg, and Knee Lake, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) The panicle of the sea coast form is much more compact than that from the Great Lakes. Var. y. montanus, Engelm., Mon. June, 442. /. Balticus, Hook., Fl. II., 189, in part. This form is abundant throughout the prairie region, extending from the eastern border at Eed Eiver across the prairies and through the Eocky Mountains to Donald on the Columbia. {Macoun.) Sas- katchewan Eiver near the mountains, and at Little Slave Lake. {Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 57 <2361.) J. Lescurii, Bolander, Bot. Calif., Vol. II., 205. /. BalticMs, var. Pacificm, Engelm., Mon. June, 442. Our own specimens and those of Dawson, of this species, collected on YancoTiver Island, are easily separated from those of the closely re- lated J. Balticus, by theii- seeds, which are of a lighter color and less apiculate, and by their brown margined perianth scales. Abundant in salt marshes and on sand along the coast of Vancouver Island; near Victoria, Nanaimo, Departure Bay, Qualicum, Comox, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Blenkinsop Bay, Vancouver Island, 1885 ; Lewis Elver, lat. 61° north of British Columbia. {Dawson.) All references to J. Balticus on the Pacific coast are placed below. North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) Cape Espenberg, Norton Sound, and Ounalashka. {Bothr. Alask.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. {Meehan.) (2362.) J. arcticus, "Willd.; Hook., PI. II., 189, in part. We know nothing of this species. Arctic sea-coast. {Hooker, Fl.') Mossy soil, Middliattwack Islands, Cumberland Gulf, and Scott's Bay. {J. Taylor.) Greenland. {Hook. Arct. PI.) Var. SitchensiS, Engelm., Mon. June, 445. Bngelmann says that this variety is found on both sides of Behring Straits and on the island of Kodiak. Bartlett Bay Alaska. {Meehan.) Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.) Point Mulgrave, Behring Straits. {Hooker, Fl.) (2363.) J. Drummondii, E. Meyer. Ledeb. Flor. Boss. IV., 235. J. arctuMS, var. p. gracilis, Hook., Fl. II., 189. Quite common on the higher Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain westward ; appearing again on all the high mountains about the sources of Bear Creek, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) At a great •elevation in the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, FL) Western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Ounar lashka. {Rothr. Alask.) (2364.) J. Parryl, Engelm., Mon. June, 446. /. arcticus, var. gracilis f Gray in PI. Parry, 34. On the western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, and on the summit of the South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) -On the grassy summits of the mountains near the Glacier Hotel, Selkirk Mountains. Specimens over a foot high and having all the •characters of this species were gathered in quantity during the past summer (1887) on Mount Benson and Mount Mark, alt. 3,000 feet, and on Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,000 feet, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 58 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 2365.) J. trifldus, Linn.; Engelm., Mon. June. 441. Mountain summits or far north. Newfoundland. (Engelmann.) Sum- mit of Mount Albert, G-asp^, Q., alt. 4,000 feet, 1882. (Macoun. Porter.) Southern Greenland. (Hook. Arct. PL) (2366.) J. biglumis, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Arctic sea-coast and islands; Eocky Mountains, north of Smoking Eiver ; Bay of Good Hope, Behring Straits. (Soaker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound. (JRothr. Alask.) Port Kennedy, Boothian Peninsula. (Dr. Walker.) Coast to snow line on both sides of BafS.n Bay. [J. Taylor.) Greenland. (B. Brown.) (2367.) J. triglumis, Linn.; Hook., M. II., 192. Mountain summits and Arctic coasts. Ungava Bay, Labrador coast. (Barnston.) In mountain woods, along streams on mud at Castle Mountain ana Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Fort George and the South Twin Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Arctic sea-coast ; alpine swamps in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (B. Brown.) (2368.) J. stygius, Linn. ; Bngelm., Men. June, 448. Peat bogs, and northward rather rare or seldom collected. Peat bogs at Eichibucto and Point Bseuminac, Andover and Salmon Eiver, and near St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Fletcher) Peat bog, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Maroun.) Newfoundland. (Fngelmann.) (2369.) J. castaneus, Smith ; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Mountain summits and Arctic shores. Ungava Bay, Labrador coast. (Barnston.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. {St. Cyr.) Abundant along the Bow Eiver at Castle Mountain, and westward in the river valley and over the summit to Kicking Horse Lake, where it is particularly abundant, 1885. (Macoun.) Lewis Eiver, lat. 61° north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Edmonton on the Saskatchewan, and west to the Eocky Mountains, thence to Bear Lake ; North West coast, from Ounalashka to Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Grows where water has stood in the early part of the season, west side of Cumberland Gulf (J. Taylor.) Greenland. (B. Brown.) (23Y0.) J. Vaseyi, Bngelm., Mon. June, 488. Wet or damp meadows, chiefly in the praiiie region. Meadows at the Pic, Lake Superior, and on Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nipigon ; not CATALOGCE or CANADIAN PLANTS. 5^ uncommon on the prairies as fav west as Brandon. As this species has a close resemblance to J. tenuis, it is probable that it is often passed over for that species. On the Saskatchewan. (Bourgeau.) Island of Orleans. {St. Oyr.) (2371.) J. Creenii, Oakes & Tuckerm. Sill. Journ. 45 (1843.) Yevj likely rare in all parts of Canada, or may be overlooked as a form of J: tenuis. Wet sandy places, Kouchibouguasis, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Wet sand, shore of Hog Lake, North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy shore and crevices of rocks. Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) (23Y2.) J. tenuis, Willd. ; Hook., PI. 11., 191; Pursh, Pl.L, 238. /. bicornis, Pursh, Fl. I., 236 ; Michx., Fl. I., 191. Eather common from the Atlantic to the Pacific, usually in boggy pas- tures or along old roads in woods. On Halifax Common, N.S. (Sommers.) Common at Truro, Windsor and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Wet places, Goldenville, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common; Hope- well Cape, and Andover, IST.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Valcartier and Beau- mont, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hamilton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in wet meadows in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Neighboi'hood of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Niagara Falls, and low grounds at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Wet meadows, Owen Sound ; Little Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nipigon; very abundant throughout the prairie region and northward in the mixed forest country to the Peace Eiver. (Macoun.) Kabinakagami Lake, Ont. ; Oxford HoUse and Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; and Souris Eiver, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Eather common in meadows and damp pastures in many parts of Vancouver Island, especially around Victoria. (Macoun.) Pitt Eiver, B.C. (Hill.) Lake Huron to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the sources of the Columbia in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) Var. /i. secundus, Engelm., Mon. June, 450. Apparently rare or seldom collected. Bass, and Salmon rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Occasionally met with between Edmonton and Little Slave Lake. Oiir specimens are from this region. (Macoun.) Var. y. congestus, Engelm., Mon. June, 450. Common in numerous meadows, at Oak Bay and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1881. (Macoun.) ^0 QEOLOaiCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. •(23'73.) J. Cerardi, Lois. Notic. 60, (1810.) (BLACK GRASS.) In salt marshes along the Atlantic coast. Windsor, N.S. (Howe.') Salt marshes at Truro and Annapolis, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands and Pictou, IST.S. (McKay.) Salt marshes at Kou- chibouguasis, and St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beaumont Lake, Q. {8t. Cyr.) Salt marsh at the head of James Bay, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (2374.) J. bufonius, Linn.; Hook., PI. II., 190; Pursh, Fl. L, 238. Abundant in suitable localities from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus and Petty Harbor, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) Boggy places at Annapolis and Yarmouth, N".S. (Macoun.) Very common through- out New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant at Salt Lake and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Thunder Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hamilton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Low wet places, quite common at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant in overflowed spots by brooks and rivers in central Ontario, and around Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) On roadsides at Port Stanley, Lake Erie, and at Port Arthur, on Lake Superior. (Burgess.) Abun- dant on mud by rivers throughout the prairie region and on the Cypress Hills ; also abundant in muddy places on Vancouver Island, at Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Sitka, Alaska. (Meehan.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake ; North "West -coast, abundant. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange). Var. fasciculiflorus, Boiss. ; Engelm. Mon. June, 451. Apparently rare or overlooked. Muddy places at Belleville, Ont., 1870 ; in abundance on King's Farm, Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, 1887. Easily distinguished fi'om the species by the flowers gathered in fascicles instead of being single on the branches -as in the species. (2375.) J. falcatus, E. Meyer. Synops. Luzul. 34. /. Menziegii, R. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Very abundant on the grassy margins of lakes; amongst gravel in many parts of Vancouver Island. Shawnigan Lake ; various places at Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni ; also at Home and Cameron lakes. (Macoun.) NimpkishLake, north end of Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) (2376.) J. longistylis, Torrey, Eot. Mex. Bound., 323. /. Menziesii, Gray, PL, Hall & Harb., 77. Abundant on many parts of the prairie region. Eather com- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 61 men at Windsor on theDetroit Eiver, 1885. (Macoun.) First Branch- of Milk Eiver, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Frequent in damp grassy thickets from Winnipeg to Edmonton and south to the Cypress Hills and Calgary, from thence up the Bow Eiver to Laggan, in the centre of the Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) (23'7'7.) J. marginatus, Eostk. var. paucicapitatus, Engelm,^ Mon. June, 455. The only locality for this species known to us is Elliott's Falls, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont., 1868. (Macoun.) Engelmann in " Normal Herbarium" credits his No. 34 to Canada West, on the authority of Bigelow. (2378.) J. pelocarpus, E. Meyer. Synops. Luzul. 30. /. Conradi, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 482. /. acutiflorm, Hook., Fl. II., 190. In wet sand along rivers or lakes, apparently rare. From New- foundland westward to Lake Superior. (Engelmann.) Bocabec, and Quaco, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) On the bank of the Ottawa, above Britannia, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On the shores of lakes and small stieams in North Hastings and Addington Co's., Ont. (Macoun.) Wet gravelly shore. Lake Joseph, Miiskoka Co, Ont. (Burgess.) Yar. y (?) subtilis, Engelm., Mon. June, 456. J.fluitans, Michx., Fl. I., 191. /. vliginoms, /3. subtilis, Hook., Fl. II., 191. Chicoutimi, about 100 miles north of Quebec. (MicTiaux.) The above locality was given to Dr. Engelman by Prof Ovide Brunet, of Laval University, Quebec. Both are now dead. (2379.) J. articulatus, Linn.; Engelm., Mon. June, 458. Engelmann states that this species, as far as he is aware, is confined to the New England States, and that the next species takes its place tO' the northward and westward. Wet ditch at Windsor, N.S., and at North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Hampton, Petit- codiac, Baie Verte, and Clifton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Fox Eiver, Gasp^ coast. (Macoun.) 62 aEOLOGIOAL StJKVBT OF CANADA. (2380.) J. alpinus, Villars., var. insignis, Pries. /. Richardsonianus Rcem. & Schult. ; Hook. Fl. II., 191. /. amUflorus, Hook., Fl. II., 190. /. pelocarpus, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 507, in part. /. articulatixs, var. pelocarpus, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 482, in part. /• vliginosus, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 191, Very abundant by lake and river margins, in sand or gi-avel. "Very often in the water, and sometimes floating or reclining or rooting in the mud. On sand, Liscomb Eiver, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (J. Bichardson.) Truro, N.S. ; South West Point, Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Antieosti ; Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun ) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Abundant on sandy banks of the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Muddy or gravelly places along the Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Ditches and boggy places, at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Common in wet sandy places along the Great Lakes and throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) "Wet gravelly shore, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay ; at Southampton, Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Very abundant along all the water courses and fresh water lakes in the prairie region, and extending north to the Peace Eiver and Athabasca; specimens from Thunder Creek, Cypress Hills, Bow Eiver at Calgary ; Kananaskis, Castle Mountain and Kicking Horse Lake, in the Eooliy Mountains ; abundant on the borders of Home, Cameron and Shawnigan lakes, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) "Wooded country to the Mackenzie Eiver ; Arctic sea-coast, and from Slave Lake to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Two remarkable forms of this species have been gathered on Vancouver Island. A form floating on mud in a small lake at the Wellington Mine, Departure Bay, exactly matches specimens received from the British Museum without a name, gathered by Barclay at Port Etches, Alaska. The other is a tall, less compact form than the species, with longer scales, and in most ceases two or more viviparous flowers in the heads. The latter was collected at Home Lake, July 27, 1887. (2381.) J. militaris, Bigelow, Fl. Bost. Ed. II. 139, (1824.) Apparently very rare in the Maritime Provinces. Wet places, Caledonia, Guysboi-o Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Near St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) (2382.) J. acuminatUS, Michx., var. a. legitimus, Engelm., Mon. June, 463. /. acuminatUS, Michx., Fl. I., 192. J. paradoxus, E. Meyer. ; Gray, Man. Ed. II., 481. /. fraternus, Kunth. Enum. III., 332. OATALOGTJE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 63 "We have no authentic specimens of this species except from the shores of Lake Erie, at Pelee Point, arfti from Essex Centre, on the Canada Southern Eailway, 1882. (Macoun.) (2383.) J. npdosus, var. a. genuinus, Engelm., Mon. June, 471. /. nodosus, Linn; Gray, Man. Ed. II., 482 ; Maooun, Cat. No. 1898. J. polycephalm, var. /?. tenuifoUus, Hook., Fl. II., 190. /. Bostkomi, La Harpe, Mon. June, 133. J. echmatus, Muhl. Eioh., App. p. 11. Quite common in many localities, ranging from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Wet sandy bottom, at Whycooomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Eestigouche, Campbellton, Andover, Salmon Eiver, Green Eiver and Upper St. John, N. B. {Fowler, Cat.} Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at Pox Eiver, G-asp^ coast. (Macoun.) St. Charles Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.} Ticinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Border of Salmon Eiver, near Shannonville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; in small brooks, Victoria Co., and at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.') Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Wet river flat, London, and at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (E. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Shores of •Thunder Bay, Lake Superioi', and on the shore of Lake Nipigon, at Humboldt Bay. (Macoun.) Elk Island, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Eather common in the bed of the Saskatchewan and its branches ; not detected in the Eocky Mountains, and only sparingly at Donald, in the Columbia Valley. (Macoun.) Along the Thompson Eiver, at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher.) Canada to Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) The tall form mentioned by Dr. Gray (Manual 542) as occurring on the islands above Niagara Falls, has been gathered at Point aux Pins, Lake Erie, by Dr. Burgess. Var. megacephalus, Torr., Bot. JST. York II., 326. J. megacephalus. Wood, Bot., 724. Low rich soil or lake margins. Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. (Burgess. Macoun.) Burlington Marsh, near Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Abundant in many places in low wet situations throughout Manitoba, extending west to the Pile Hills and Elbow of the South Saskatchewan. (Macoun.) Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) (2384.) J. Canadensis, J. Gay, var. a, coarctatus, Engelm., Mon. June, 473. /. Canadensis, /3, J. Gay, La Harpe Mon., 134. /. accuminatus, Torr. Bot., N. York, II., 327. J. aeutiflorm, ft minor. Hook., Fl! II., 190. (?) Low grounds, especially along lake margins ; not uncommon. Bed- 64 GEOLOGICAL feuRVEY OF CANADA. ford and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Eiver bottom, Whycocomagh,. and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; border of a lakelet, Canso, N.S. (Macovn.) Eather common in Kent Co. ; Bocabec and Chipman, N.B. QFowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Borders of various lakes in Hastings, Addington, and Victoria Co's., Ont. (Macoun.) Low sandy places, Port Cock- burn, Muskoka Co. ; also in ditches at Leamington, Ont.' (Burgess.) Point Edward, Lake St. Clair, Ont. ; Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J. M.. Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Var. 8. longecaudatus, Engelm., Mon. June, 474. /. paradoxus, Gray, Man. Ed. II, 483. /. polycephalus, ft paradoxus, Torr. Bot., N. York, II., 327. Easily separated from the preceding variety, as it is much taller and has many flowered heads. Common in Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont., and Point Edward, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Sault Ste.. Marie. (Burgess.) (2385.) J. Mertensianus, Bong. Veg. Sitcha, (1833.) /. endfoKus, var. minor. Hook-, Fl. II., 191, in part. Wet places along mountain brooks. Camp Akamina, Eocky Moun- tains, 6,000 feet alt, South Kootanie Pass, 49th rarallel. (Dawson.) On the summit of Copper and Castle mountains, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Alpine swamps of the Eocky Mountains, noi'th of the Smoky Eiver; Sitka to Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. /3, paniculatUS, Engelm., Mon. June, 479. Collected in the Eocky Mountains along the Bow Eiver, by Bour- geau. (Fngelmann.) (2386.) J. xiphoides, E.Meyer, Var. y. montanus, Engelm'., Mon. June, 481. J. ensifolius, var. major, Hook., Fl. II., 191. Not uncommon in the Eocky Mountains. South Fork of Belly Eiver, 49th parallel ; Flathead Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) In brooks in the Cypress Hills, and westward along the Bow Eiver throughout the Eocky Mountains, and northward along the North Saskatchewan, at Fort Pitt and Edmonton ; also along Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk. Mountains. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 65 Var. a. littoralis, Bngelm., Mon. June, 481. Abundant along the Somas Eiver, at Alberni, and in marshes cover- ed by high tide at the mouth of that river, on the west coast of Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. S. macranthus, Engelm., Mon. June, 482. /. polyeephalus, var. crassifoUus, Hook., Yl. II., 190, in part- Ounalashka, North West coast, and Cascade Mountains. (Engelmann.) Common in ditches and by the margins of brooks, rivers and lakes, near Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.') Nimpkish Lake, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Fort Wran- gel, Alaska. {Meehan.) North West coast; frequent. {Hooker, FL) Var. e. triandrus, Bngelm. Mon. June, 48'2. /. ensifoUus, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 190, in part. Prom Ounalashka to the Cascade Mountains. {Engelmann.) Abun- dant on the margins of lakes and by streams, on Vancouver Island, Langford Lake, Home Lake, and Barclay Sound. {Macoun.) Sitka to Ounalashka. {Hooker, Fl.) (2387.) J. NevadensiS, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 303. J. phssocepJialus, var. gracilis, Engelm., Mon. June, 484. Ladner's Landing, and New Westminister, along the Fraser Eiver, B.C., 1883. (Fletcher.) Abundant in marshes at the head of Barclay Sound, and along Chinaman Creek and Somas Eiver that flow into it, on the west coast 'of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2388.) J. supiniformis, Bngelm., Mon. June, 461. Stems generally floating in water and often rooting at the nodes. Where the water recedes the plants grow upright and the heads are larger. Small ponds at the mouth of the Somas Eiver, and along Sproat Lake, six miles from Alberni, west side of Vancouver Island^ 1887. (Macoun.) 638. LUZULA, DC. (WOOD-RUSH.) (2389.) L. spadicea, DC, var. parviflora, Meyer, Linnsea, XXII., 399. L. melanocarpa, var. ft Hook., Fl. II., 188. L. spadicea, Macoun, Cat. No. 1879. This form is abundant in favourable places from the Atlantic to the 5 66 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF C^JfADA. Pacific, but is always found in cool situations. Cumberland Islands, Arctic coast. {Parry.) Newfoundland. (Cormack.') Nain, coast of Labrador.. {E. Bell.) Upper Gaspereau, Queen's Co., N.B. (Wetmore.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. {Macoun. Porter.) Thunder Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J.M. Macoun.) Common along the north shore of Lake Superior and west- ward to Eainy Lake, and the Lake of the "Woods ; abundant in the Eocky Mountains, from Canmore west to Hector; common along small streams in tiie mountainous parts of Yancouver Island. [Macoun.) Goose Creek [Mountains, 5,800 feet alt.. Cariboo, B.C. (Bowman.) Port Etches, Alaska. (^Barclay.) Sitka, Ounalashka. and Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) North West America, from the Columbia to Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. melanocarpa, B. Meyer. L.parmflora, var. melanocarpa, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 536. Juncus melanocarpus, Michx., Fl. I., 190 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 238. This form is easily distinguished from the pi-eceding by its dark brown capsules, and the more contracted habit of the inflorescence. Labrador. (Br. Morrison.) St. John, N.B. (Millman.) Shore of Lake Superior, at the Pic, and along Current Eiver, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) ObaLake, Ont. ; Hayes Eiver, and west coast of Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) On the higher Eocky Mountains, in the Bow Eiver Pass, and north- ward to the Peace Eiver Pass, laf. 56°, and west to Fort MoLeod, lat. 55°, B.C. (Macoun.) Camp Akamina, 49th parallel. South Kootanie Pass, and western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Moun- tains ; Klootch-oot-a Lake, B.C. ; Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°, and hills north of Finlayson Lake, lat. 61° 40". (Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound- (Beechy.) Throughout the wooded country to the prairies of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. subcongesta, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 202. Not uncommon in the mountains near lat. 49°. Western summit of North Kootanie Pass, and in the South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) A form between this and var. parviflora has been gathered at Golden City, in the Columbia Valley. The capsules and sepals are very light colored, and approach the west coast form of the above variety. (Macoun.) (2390.) L. divaricata, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 302. Abundant in deep shade along the mountain brooks at Goldstream, Vancouver Island, and probably common, though overlooked. (Macoun. ) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 6Y Vicinity of Vancouver city, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) This species seems to have very light-colored capsules and sepals, and has a very different cyme from var. parviflora, which is well described by the name. (2391.) L. pilosa, Willd.; Hook., Fl. II., 188. Not uncommon in rich, and sandy woods throughout Ontario, but more sparingly distributed eastward. Newfoundland. {Reeks.') Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Common inj>\d fields, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gomin- woods, near Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thicket a mile west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Thickets at Kingston and London, Ont. (Millman.) Sandy woodland near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Open woods at Sudbury Junction, and at North Bay, Lake Nipissing ; not uncom- mon in woods at Belleville and numerous places in the adjoining coun- ties ; woods at Nipigon, Lake Superior, and on top of a clay bank twenty-five miles up the Kaministiqua Eiver, (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2392.) L. campestris, Desv., var. a. vulgaris, Hook., PI. II., 188. Juncm campestris, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 238. Rather common in dry meadows, or open woods. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) New Harbor, Newfoundland, (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Hali- fax, N.S. (Sammers.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (J. Bichardson.) Truro, Yarmouth, and Kingston, N.S. (Macoun.) Dry fields ; common, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) South side of Gaspd Basin, Q. (J. Bell.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thicket a mile west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Dry woods and meadows at Belleville, and Shannonville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy woodland, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Thickets at Kingston ,and Lon- don, Ont. (Millman.) This variety has dense brown heads and is quite distinct in color from the next, which has pale heads of fruit and flowers. Var. Id. pallescens, Hook., Fl. II., 188. ' Quite common in meadows at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan, and from the Lake of the Woods to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooleer, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. y. comosa, Hook., Fl. IL, 188. Flowers in a dense solitary brown head. Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) The forms of this and the following, species require careful examina- tion and comparison with European species, and indeed the whole genus is much in need of a complete revision. 68 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2393.) L. comosa, E. Meyer. Linnsea. XXII., 413. Like the preceding species this is subject to many varieties, and being seldom collected its range can scarcely be made out. Not un- common in old fields and by roadsides at Victoria, and near the sum- mit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,200 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nootka Sound, and Port Mulgrave ; from the Eocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. macrantha, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. As we understand this variety, its sepals are long with a dark brown centre, the end and sides being scarious and white. Abundant, at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Nanaimo, and Chase Eiver, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Coast of Vancouver Island. (Gowley.') Var. subsessilis, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. Much like the preceding, but the heads few or solitary, and almost sessile, approaching the next but easily distinguished by the scarious, brownish bracts. Abundant under oaks at Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.') Var. congesta, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. L. campestrif, var. congesta, Meyer, (as regards America.) Very abundant everywhere along the coast of Vancouver Island,, but particularly at Nanaimo ; Fort McLeod, B.C., lat. 55°. {Macoun.) Around Vancouver city, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) (2394.) L. spicata, Desv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 188. High mountains and far northward. "Dngava Bay, Labrador. {Barn- ston.) Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Stupart's Bay, Cape Prince of Wales, and Nottingham Island, off Cape Wolstenholme, Hudson Strait. {B. Bell.) Foi't George, James Bay. {J. M. Macoun.) Kotzebue Sound. {Beechy.) Labrador, and Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) On the summits of the higher Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mt.. and' Kicking Horse Lake, Bow Eiver valley. {Macoun.) Island of St. Lawrence, and Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. {Hooker, Arct. PI.) A large form found growing in abundance on Mount Arrrowsmith, Vancouver Island, at an altitude of 5,200 feet, is referred to this species by Dr. Bi-itton, of Columbia College. Many specimens are almost a foot high, and have a spike from an inch to an inch and a half long. The lowest spikelet is rather remote, and usually has a bract longer than the whole spike. Scales very long and ciliate. {Macoun.) (2395.) L. hyperborea, E. Br., var. a. major, Hook., Fl. II., 188. Apparently confined to the northern coasts and islands. Cumberland CATALOOrE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 69 Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Nottingham Island, off Cape Wol- stenholme, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Between Fort Churchill and Repulse Bay, and thence to Cape Lady Pelly. (Dr. Rae.) Point Barrow, Arctic sea. (John Murdoch.) Arctic sea-coasts and islands. {Hooker, Ft.) Yar. 13. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 189. Most elevated of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lange, in the Botany of Greenland, refers this variety to L. arctica, Blytt. The whole genus seems in great confusion and needs complete revision. (2396.) L. arcuata, Hook., Fl. II., 189. On high mountains and northward. Cumberland Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Ungava Bay, Labrador. (Barnston.) Nachvak, coast •of Labrador ; Cape Chudleigh, and Nottingham Island, off Cape "Wol- stenholme, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Kolzebue Sound. (Beechy.) Lancaster Sound, and Port Kennedy. (Br. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) CXI. TYPHACEiE. Cat-tail Family. 639. TYPHA, Linn. Gen. 1040. (CAT-TAIL FLAG.) (2397.) T. latifolia, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 170. Common in marshes and ponds from the Atlantic to the Pacific. We are not aware of any difference of form between the specimens collected in the Atlantic provinces and those collected on Vancouver Island. Throughout Canada to Fort Franklin. (Hooker, Fl.) (2298.) T. angustifolia, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 480. Apparently rare in Canada,but possibly overlooked. Beaver Bank, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Windsor, N.S. (McaUl Coll. Herh.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh near the railway, two miles south of Madoc, Hastings Co., Ont. (Ami.) Eeferred to Newfoundland by Eeeks, but of doubtful occurence. 640. SPARCANIUM, Linn. Gen. 1041. (BUR-REED.) (2399.) S. eurycarpum, Ehgelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. S. ramoswm, Huds. ; Hook., Fl. II., 169, in part. Not uncommon but seldom collected. Chiefly along the margins of "70 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. ponds and lakes. ^Newfoundland. (Seeks.) Halifax, Pictou, and Oyster Ponds, Guysboro Co., ]!N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Kentville, and Cape Blomidon, KS. (Macoun.) Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Com- mon at St. Louis Dam and othei- places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in marshes near Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Common in the Bay of Quinte and in the still waters of the Trent Eiver, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Marshes, Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont., and in the Lake of the "Woods. (Burgess.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) In water at London, and Newboro, Ont. (Millman.) Ponds, Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) (2400.) S. androcladum, Morong. (MS.) S. ramoBum, Smith, ; Pursh, Fl. II., 33 ; Hook., FI. II., 169, in part. S. simplex, var. androcladum, Engelm. Gray, Man. Ed. V.,481 ; MacouD, Cat. No. 1722, var. androcladum. Eeferences made to S. eurycarpum, no doubt, in some cases belong here, but except as regards our own specimens we have no means of determining. Indian Cove, Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Lachine "Wood, near Montreal, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Common in the Nation Eiver at Casselman, near Ottawa; in the Bay of Quinte, and not infrequent on the margins of ponds and lakelets in central Ontai-io. (Macoun.) At London, Ont. ; and in Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Not uncommon in marshes near Cedar Hill, and at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. fluctuans, Morong. (MS.) S. simplex, var. fluitans, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481 The branched infloresence includes this form with S. androcladum. Marshes, Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) (2401.) S. Simplex, Huds. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 34; Hook., Fl. II., 169. S. simplex, Huds., var. Nuttallii, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. Under one form or another this species extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) Labrador. (Butler.) Windsor, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Smith's Mills, near Truro, N.S. (Campbell.) Marshy brook at "Windsor, N.S, ; Black Creek, near Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi, and in Fox Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechow, Q. (St.Cyr.} In wet places and borders of lakes, Bass Eiver, and "Welsford; St, CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 71 John Co., ISr.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Meadows near Gregory's, Montreal, 1821. (Dr. mimes.) Durham, Q. (McGill Coll. Herh.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; common. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Muddy Creek, near Huckle- berry Eapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. (JD'Urhan.) Conway's Creek and other places ; common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Mud, in the bed of small streams and along lakes and ponds in central Ontario. {Macoun ) In water, London, and Hatehley, Ont. (burgess.) Abun- dant in the mouths of the Kaministiqua Eiver, and in marshes, Nipi- gon Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; and Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Thunder Creek, at the Elbow of South Saskatchewan, Assiniboia; abundant in marhsy places, along lakes and ponds throughout Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Qualicum, on the east coast ; and in the Somas and Stamp rivers at Alberni, on the west side of the island. (Macoun.) Ilgacho Brook, B.C. (Dawson.) Throughout Canada to Fort Fi-anklin ; abundant. (Hooker, FL) (2402.) S. affine, Schnitzlein. S. naians, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 34; Hook., Fl. II., 169. S. simplex, Huds., var. angustifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. This species is doubtless overlooked in many sections of the country, as it does not seem to be I'are ; when looked for it can easily be distin- guished by its narrow floating leaves. Newfoundland. (Beeks.) North Sydney, Cape Breton, (Macoun.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Pictou, Co., N.S. (McCulloch.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Fari- bault.) Salmon Eiver ; Kennebeccasis and Bass rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In marshes, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; mouth of the Eestigouche Eiver, and Grand Valine, Gaspe, Q. ; muddy border of Partridge Lake, Addington Co., Ont. ; abundant in the still waters of the Trent, Sey- mour, Northumberland Co., Ont., and in the middle channel at the mouth of the Kaministiqua, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) LakeMistassini,N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound, and Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alalsk.) Alpine lakes of the Eocky Mountains ; rare, (Hooker, Fl.) (2403.) S. hyperboreum, Laest., var. Americanum, Beeby. Apparently a northern species, and evidently not rare in suitable localities. Labrador. (Butler.) In a ditch near Louisburg, Cape Breton Island ; in a marsh at Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. (B. Bell.) (2404.) S. minimum, Fries. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 432. ■ This and >Si. hyperboreum have hitherto been confounded in our coUec- 72 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. , tions, but are now separated. Campbellton, 'N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Not rare in swamps near Belleville, Hastings Co., and in the mud of small ponds in Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Eed Deer Lake, at the head of Lake "Winnipegoosis, and in marshes along the Porcupine Mountain, Man.; not rare in pools, growing on mud, Columbia Valley at Donald, and westward up Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains- (Macoun.) CXII. AEOIDB^. Arum Family. 641. ARIS/EMA, Martius, (INDIAN TURNIP.) (2405.) A. triphyllum, Torr., Bot. N. York, IL, 239. Arum triphyllum, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 168,; Pursh, Fl. II., 399. A. atrorubens, Ait. Kew. III., 315. * Eich low woods, rather common. Hantsport, Pictou, Middletown, and Truro, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Truro, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Common; Bass Eiver, Woodstock ; St. John and King's Co's., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Bathurst, N.B. (McGill Coll. JSerb.) Papineau Wood, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Montreal Mountains. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Common in low rich woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.). McKay's woods, Dow's swamp, and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common in woods at Presc ott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in all low rich woods throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Common around Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Vicinity of London, Ont. ; low rich woods Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (B. Bell.) (2406.) A. Dracontium, Schott. Melet. L, 1*7. Arum Dracontium, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 400; Michx., Fl. II., 188. Apparently confined to a small area in south-western Ontai-io. Low rich river flats, London, Ont. (Burgess.) 642 PELTANDRA, Rafln. (ARROW ARUM.) (2407.) P. Virginica, Eaf. Journ. de Phys., 89, page 103. Arum Virginicum, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 399. Calla Virginica, Michx., Fl. XL, 187. Apparently rare in Ontario. Very abundant in a marsh about a mile beyond " the Ferry," Prince Edward Co., near Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 73 643. CALLA, Linn. (WATER ARUM) (2408.) C. palustris, Linn.; Hook., PL II., 169 ; Pursh, PI. II., 399. Eather common in marshes and spring brooks. Windsor, and Pictou, N".S. (^Sommers, Gat.) Straits of Canso, G-uysboro Co., N.S. (Macoun.) In cold muddy places ; G-rand Palls, St. Prancis Eiver, and Quispamsis, Andover, Chipman, Clifton, Predericton, and Bathurst road, north of Miramichi, N.B. (^Fowler, Cat.) Common at Eivi^re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Dow's swamp and other localities near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Marshes and ponds, rather common in central Ontario. {Macoun.) Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) In shallow water at London, Ont. ; Lake Island, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont., and Lake of the "Woods. '{Burgess.) London and Newboro, Ont. {Millman.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior. {M. Bell.) Current Eiver, Lake Superior, and in Lake Hannah, Nipigon Eiver; also in marshes at the base of the Porcupine Mountain, Man. {Macoun.) Winnipeg, and North-west Angle Eoad. (Baioson.) Eupert Eiver, N.B.T. ; Lake Winnipeg and up Beren's Eiver and down the Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (/. M. Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) Canada to the Saskatchewan and Hudson Bay. {Hooker, Fl.) 644. LYSICHITUM, Schott. (WESTERN SKUNK CABBAGE) (2409.) L. Kamtschatcense, Schott, Prodr. Aroid., 421. Arctivdracon Camtschaticum, Gray, Smithson. Contrib. (N Series) IX. 409. Symplocarpus Kamtschaticus, Bong. ; Hook.,* Fl. II., 169. Tery abundant in Beaver Creek valley, from the Columbia to Bear Oreek in the Selkirk Mountains ; also abundant at Eevelstoke, on the Columbia, and in the low rich woods below Yale, in thePi-aser Valley; very common in wet places in many parts of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) North West America. Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Wrangel, Alaska. {Meehan.) 645. SYMPLOCARPUS, Salisb. (SKUNK CABBAGE.) (2410.) S. foetidus, Salisb.; Hook., PI. IL, 169. Pothosfcelidus, Pursh, Fl. II., 398; Michx., Fl. II., 186. Eather local but abundant where it grows. Swamps, or along 74 GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OF CANADA. the base of hills where springs abound. Abundant near the light- house, Cape Forteau, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Lake Utopia, Milkish, King's Co. ; Nigadoo Eiver, Gloucester Co. ; near the Episcopal Church, Hammond Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Common at Quebec. {Thomas.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1821. (X>r. Solmes.) In a swam'p near Perth, Lanark Co., Ont. (S. B. Whyte.) In a deep dell two miles north of "Warkworth, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; abun- dant around St. Thomas, and Port Stanley, Ont. ; very common on Michipicotin Island, Lake SuperlSr. {Macoun.) Oaklands, near Hamil- ton, Ont. {Logie.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman.) Vicinity of Toronto. (Burgess.) 646. ACORUS, Linn. (SWEETiFLAG) (2411.) A. Calamus, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 167; Pursh, PI. L, 235. Abundant in marshes by rivers and lakes. Pennant Harbor, Hali- fax Co., N.S. (Sommers.) Abundant in a marsh at Truro and near Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Common on the borders of lakes and ponds, Kouchibouguac, Kennebeccasis, and Hopewell, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Shallow lake, Praserville, Q. (Thomas.) Sandy banks of the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Abundant in marshes aro and Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Margin of St. Lawrence Eiver, and small streams near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Common in marshes of the Bay of Quinte. and on the shores of Lake Ontario and all still waters inland, north of the lake. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, (Buchan.) Chatham, Ont. (McGill Ooll. Serb.) Swamps at Kingston, Ont. (Burgess, Millman.) Point Pelee marshes. Lake Brie. (Burgess.) Sydenham Eiver, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Oba Eivei*, Ont. (B. Bell.) Lake of the "Woods. (Dawson, Burgess.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) CXIII. LBMNAOB^. Duckweed Family. 647. LEMNA, Linn. (DUCKWEED) (2412.) L. trisuica, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 169; Pursh, Fl. I., 22. Abundant in many ponds from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Ponds Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Abun- dant around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Conway's Creek and other places near Prescott Ont. ; common. (Billings.) Very abundant in CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 75 all still waters throughout central Ontario. {Macoun.) Common in marshes at Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Marshes at Kingston, Ont. {Millman.) Small lakes, Eed Eiver prairie and Jjake of the Woods, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) Ponds, Souris Plains, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) In ponds throughout the prairie region, on the Cypress Hills and north to Peace Eiver and Little Slave Lake ; common in ponds and quiet rivers at Cedar Hill, Nanaimo, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to lat. 58". {Sooker, Fl.) (2413.) L. minor, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 169.; Pursh, PI. I., 22. Frequent in ponds from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) In ponds at Truro, and in ditches at Pictou, IST.S. (Macoun.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Conway's Creek and other places near Prescott, Ont. ; common. (Billings.) Very common in ditches and shallow pools throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Marshes near Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Common in the Lake of the "Woods and in small ponds on the Eed Eiver prairie. (Dawson.) Abundant in pools throughout, the whole prairie region, extending northward to the Athabasca and Peace rivers, and westward to Quesnel, on the Fraser Eiver, and throughout Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to lat. 58°. (Hooker, Fl.) (2414.) L. polyrrhiza, Linn. ; Hook., PI. IL, 169 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 22. Spirodela polyrrhiza, Schleid. ; Coult. Rooky Mount. Flora, 360. Scarcely so common as the other, but just as widely distributed. In still water near Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Sussex, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common around Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Com- mon in still water around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Conway's Creek and other localities near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) In ponds, Gananoque, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) Marshes and ponds everywhere throughout central Ontario, especially in the still waters of the Eiver Trent, and Eice Lake. (Macoun.) Marshes at Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Pelee Point, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Stagnant pools near London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman.) Occasionally in pools and still waters west of Porcupine Mountain, Man., and westward to Little Slave Lake; rather rare on Vancouver Island, but not uncommon at Alberni, on the west coast. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan.. (Hooker, Fl.) 76 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 648. WOLFFIA, Horkel. (WOLFFIA) (2415.) W. Columbiana, Karsten. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 420. Abundant in mai'shes of the Bay of Qainte, near Belleville, Ont. ■{Macoun.) In the marsh at the head of Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (BucJian.) (2416.) W. Brasiliensis, Weddell.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 480. Growing with the preceding and Lemna minor, in the " Big Marsh'' one mile beyond " the Fei-ry," Prince Edward Co. ; near Belleville, on the Bay of Quinte, Ont. (Macoun.) In the marsh at the head of Bur- lington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Specimens of this genus are distinguished from any form of Lemna by the absence of roots. Hitherto they have been rarely detected, but it is less from their absence than from their small size. CXIY. ALISMACE.^. Water-Plantain Family. 649. ALISMA, Linn. Gen. 460. (WATER-PLANTAIN) ^2417.) A. Plantago, Linn., Yar. Americanum, Gray, Man. Ed. T., 492. A. Plantago, Linn. ; Michx., PI. I., 218 ; Hook., Fl. II., 168. A. natans, Pursh, Fl. I., 253 ; Hook., FI. II., 168- A. irivialis, Pursh, Fl. I., 252. Eather common in ditches and borders of streams from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It varies greatly in the form of its leaves, but the varieties are not recognized. Windsor, Grand Lake, Halifax, Pictou, and Truro, If.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Common in wet places, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant throughout Quebec and Ontario, and extend- ing westward to British Columbia. On the prairie region' its leaves •often become linear, and float on the surface of the still brooks south of Battleford. We have doubtfully referred the A. natans, Pursh, to this species, as from the meagre description it seems to belong here. It was gathered in "stagnant waters of the St. Lawrence" by Pursh himself. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. *7T 650. SACITTARIA, Linn. Gen. W61. (ARROW-HEAD) (2418.) S. variabilis, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Ed. Y., 493. ;S. aagittifoUa, Pursh, Fl. II., 395 ; Hook., Fl. II., 167. Under its various forms this species extends across the continent though it is apparently quite rare, if present at all, in British Columbia, It seems to be common in all the eastern provinces, but has not been separated into varieties, and hence no special reference can be made to- them. Our specimens show the following varieties : — Var. obtusa, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 493. S. obtusa, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 396. Leaves large and obtuse, flowers dicEcious. Abundant in water in the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) Vicinity of Ottawa, Ont. (_Ami.) Var. latifolia, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 493. S. latifolia, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 396. S. sagittifolia, var. macrophylla, Hook., Fl. II., 167. S. sagittifolia, Michx.. Fl. II., 189. Campbellton, N.B. (Clialmers.') In lakes and rivers, not uncom- mon, Hastings Co., Ont. (^Maccun.) N"orth-west coast, where it is called " Wapatoo," and where the roots are eaten by the Chinooks, {Hooker, Fl.) Var. hastata, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 493. S. sagittifolia, var. 3, angustifolia, Hook. Fl. II., 167, in part. S. hastata, Pursh, Fl. II., 396. This variety includes all the larger forms with acute and sagittate leaves, and may be called the common variety throughout the country. There are three forms of it well represented in our herbarium. (a.) Has large very elongated leaves, with very acute and divaricate lobes, flowers dicecious. Nation Eiver, at Casselman, near Ottawa, and in Brigham's Creek, near Hull, Q. (Macoun.) London, Ont. {Burgess.) Eiver St. Charles, Q. (St. Cyr.) (h.) This form is easily distinguished from (a), by its much smaller and shorter leaves, abruptly acute or almost obtuse point, and short very acute less divaricate lobes. Muskeg Island, Lake Winni- peg. {J. M. Macoun.) In small streams, near the Hand Hills, Alberta, {Macoun.) South Antler Creek, Assiniboia. {Burgess.) ^8 GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OF CANADA. (c.) This is a shallow water form with small hastate leaves, scarcely divergent, and very short lobes and always monoecious flowers. Grand Valine, Gasp^, Q. ; Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, Ont. ; mouth of the Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. {B. Bell.) Var. diversifolia, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 393. Some leaves of this form are lanceolate and others are sagittate. Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Ponds in the Eagle Hills, near Battleford, N.W.T. (Macoun.) Tar. angustifolia, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 393. The very long, narrow and divergent lobes of the narrow leaves characterize this form. Marshes near Cape Blomidon, N.S. ; Nation Eiver, at Casselman, near Ottawa, and in the Bay of Quinte, at Belle- ville, Ont. (Macoun.) In shallow water at Port Dover, Ont. (Millman.) London, and Port Cockburn, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Var. gracilis, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed, V., 393. S. sagittifolia, var. angustifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 167, in part. S. gracilis, Pursh, FI. II., 396. Eiver St. Pierre, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Eiver St. Charles, Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Ponds in the Eagle Hills, near Battle- ford, N.W.T. (Macoun.) Var. pubescens, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 393. Leaves pubescent as well as the upper part of the petiole and scape. Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) (2419.) S. calycina, Engelm. Var. spongiosa, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 393. Near the head of the tide in Eichibucto Eiver and at Eotheaay ; also Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) (2420.) S. heterophylla, Pursh, Fl. IL, 396. S. sagittifolia, var. 3, angustifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 167, in part. Apparently rare eastward but not uncommon in waters bordering on the St. Lawrence and Great Lakes. Abundant in numerous places around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Not uncommon in the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and at Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. "79 Var. rigida, Bngelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 394. S. rigida, Pursh, Fl. II., 397; Hook., Fl. II., 397. Appai-ontly the deep water form of the Great Lakes. West Lake and Consecon Lake, Prince Edward Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Wet sandy shore at Belleville, Ont. (Burgess.) (2421.) S. graminea, Michx., El. II., 190; Pursh, El. IL, 397. S. sagittifolia, var. 4, simplex, Hook., Fl. II., 167, in part. This seems to be a northern and eastern species. Newfoundland. {Miss Brenton.) Small lake near North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. {Macoun.) In wate;' at Eothesay, and in a small lake near Eichibucto'; Grand Lake, and Upper St. John, and Clifton, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Wet sandy shore of Lake Joseph, Port Cockburn, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) 651. ECHINODORUS, Richard. (2422.) E. parvulus, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 492. E. mihvlatua, Engelm. (?) Agassiz, Lake Superior, 176. North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) We know nothing of this species and enter it on the authority of Agassiz. 652. DAMASONIUM, Juss. Gen. 46. (2423.) D. Californicum, Torrey, Pacif. E. Eep. IV., 142. This species, or the one taken for it was growing in abundance in Somas Eiver, at the head of the Alberni Canal, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. The large white flowers were especially attractive and caused me to stop in midstream and pull in shore to gather the plant. Owing to the great heat of the day these became so shrivelled in a short time as to be worthless for specimens, and were thrown away. Only one immature specimen was brought away, August 13th, 1881. (Macoun.) CXV. NAIADACBtE. Pond-weed Family. 653. TRICL.OCHIN, Linn. Gen. 453. (ARROW-GRASS.) (2424.) T. palustre, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 168; Pursh, Fl. 11,247. Not uncommon in wet sand along lakes and by ponds. Labrador. 80 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (JDr. Morrison.') Eather rai-e at Belledune, Carleton, Andover and! Tobique Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Marshes, Quebec. (Pringle.) Cacouna, St. Lawi-ence Eiver. (Burgess.) Border of a marsh, Salt Lake, Antiposti ; salt marsh, Cape Eosier, Gasp^, Q. ; margin of the marshes around Presqu'ile Point, and Wellington Beach, Lake Ontario ; quit© common on the borders of brackish ponds, throughout the prairie region and northward to Battleford, Edmonton, and Little Slave Lake. (Macoun.) Charlton Island, James Bay, and Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Griswold, Man. (Burman.) Marshes between Carle- ton House, and Port Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan. (JHooker, Fl.) Ounalashka and Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.y Abundant in swamps and springy places from Morley westward to Hector, in the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) ("2425.) T. maritimum, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 168; Michx., PI. I., 208 ; Pursh, PI. I., 247. Common in sea marshes on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and in the saline marshes of the prairie region. New Harboi-, l^ewfoundland. (Bev.A.C.Waghorne.) Labrador. (Dr. Morrison.) Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Salt marsh at Truro, N.S., and North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common in salt marshea along the coast ; also at Carleton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and marshes along the Gasp6 coast from Cape Eosier to Metis, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, St. Lawrence Eiver. (St. Cyr.) Common all around James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) York Pactory and Port Churchill, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) Salt marshes, Eed Deer Eiver, at the head of Lake Winnipegoosis ; also at the source of the Qu'Appelle, and westward in salt marshes across the prairie to the Eocky Mountains at Canmore, Bow Eiver valley. (Macoun.) Border of a saline pool near Wood Mountain, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) Abun- dant in marshes along the coast of Vancouver Island, from Victoria northward, and on the west coast, at Barclay Sound. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Port Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Cumberland House to Eocky Mountains ; and North-west coast. (HooTcer, Fl.) Var. elatum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 491. Peat bogs and borders of fresh water marshes. At the Gas Spring, Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Marshes at the head of the Bay of Quinte, and in the " Big Swamp," Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; shore of Lake Huron, at Chicken Bay ; on Pie Island, and at Eed Eock, Lake Supei-ior. (Macoun.) Swampy river flat, South- ampton, Lake Hui-on, Ont. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T., and Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.} CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 81 Swamps, Winnipeg and North-west Angle Eoad; near Pincher Creek, Alberta; at the Columbia Lakes and in the Columbia Valley, B.C. {Dawson.') Eather common in fresh water marshes along Beaver Creek Valley, at Stony Creek, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) 654. SCHEUCHZERIA, Linn. Gen. 482. (SCHEUCHZERIA) (2426.) S. palustris, Linn. ; Michx., Fl.I., 209 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 24Y ; Hook., PI. II., 168. Eather rare in most localities. Soft peat bogs, Eichibucto, Fred- ericton, Tay's Mills, York Co. ; St. Stephen, and McAdam Junction, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh near Prescott Junction, Ont. ; rare. (Billings.) In a little pond in north-western Seymour, and in a peat bog five miles north of Colborne, Northumberland Co. ; very abundant along Gull Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Mossy bogs, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Between Trout Lake and the Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Between Hudson Bay and Cumberland House ; and upon " The Height of Land," Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) 655. LIL/EA, Humb. & Bonpl. (2427.) L. subulata, HBK. Nov. Gen. I., 222. Heterostylus gramineus, Hook., Fl. II., 171. Abundantin mud between high and low water, Somas Eiver, Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. Water always fresh. (Macoun.) 656. POTAMOCETON, Linn. Gen. 1Y4. (POND-WEED) (2428.) P. natans, Linn.; Michx., Fl. L, 101; Pursh, Fl. I., 120; Hook., Fl. II., 171. Quite common in lakes, ponds, and stagnant pools, throughout the country. Cow Bay, and Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Gat.) Marshes near Cape Blomidon, N.S., and in lakelets, North Sydney, Cape Breton ; in a pond at Salt Lake, Anticosti, and in lakelets along the Gasp^ coast Q. (Macoun.) In slow flowing waters, Salmon Eiver, Kent Co., and Clifton, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Eiver St. Pierre, near Montreal, 1821. ■ (Dr. Holmes.) Abundant in the Eiver Eouge, in quiet places, Argen- 6 82 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. teuil Co., Q. (I)' Urban.) Abundant around Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eailroad Bay, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Tery common in nearly all still waters throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Burlington Bay, near the beach, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) In still water at Kingston, Ont. {Millman.) Marshes at Point Edward, Lake Huron- (J". M. Macoun.) Still waters, Owen Sound, Ont., and in the Kaminis- tiqua Eiver, fifteen miles from its mouth, and in Lake Hannah, Nipigon Eiver. {Macoun.) Lake Missinaibi, Ont. {B. Bell.) Lake of the Woods. {Dawson.) Not uncommon in ponds throughout the prairie region and northward to Lake Athabasca ; not uncommon in Lost Lake, Shawnigan Lake, Home Lake and Sproat Lake, Yancouver Island. {Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.) Stagnant waters, Canada to Hudsop Bay. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. prolixus, Koch.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 485. P. natans, var /3. (?) Hook., Fl. II., 171. Collected in flowing water near Ottawa. {McGill Coll. Herb.) A form approaching this variety was sent from London, Ont., by Burgess {Macoun.) North West America. {Hooker, Fl.) Specimens should be gathered of all forms. (2429.) P. Oakesianus, Bobbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 485. Apparently a rare species in Canada. In marshes at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, 1883. {Macoun.) (2430.) P. Claytonii, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Soi. XLV., 38. Not uncommon but seldom collected. Hampton, Salmon Eiver, and Noi'ton, N.B. ; rather common. {Fowler, Gat.) In flowing water at Hull, Q. ; abundant in streams, North Hastings ; common in Gull Eiver, between Gull Lake and Minden, Victoria Co. ; in Gull Lake, Barrie, Addington Co. ; also in the river connecting Lake Isaac and Sky Lake, Bruce Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Blackstone Lake, Muskoka, Ont. {Burgess.) (2431.) P. Vaseyi, Eobbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 485. Apparently rare in Canada. Crow Eiver, above the dam at the Iron Works, Marmora, July 19th, 1864 ; Big Mud Turtle Lake, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Eideau Canal, Ottawa. Form with floating leaves and fruit. {Fletclier, Fl. Ott.) In 1865 this species was sent to Sir William Hooker as P. diversifolius, Barton, and believed by him to be that species, but later investigation showed that Barton's species went with P. hybridus. About the same time CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 83 specimens were sent to Mr. W. M. Canby and Dr. Vasey, under the name mentioned above, and are. likely in their collections now. (2432.) P. Spirillus, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2,Ser.) 228. P. diversifoHus, Hook., Fl. II., 172. A lovely species growing in flowing water, chiefly in the Laurentian districts of Ontario. In the Kennebeccasis at Norton ; Lake Utopia and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant in the Grand Eiver, at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) In flowing water at Hull, Q. ; in numerous streams, North Hastings, at Partridge Lake, Grimpsthorpe and in Crow Eiver at Marmora Ii-on Works ; Gull Eiver, at Elliott's Falls, and in Mountain Lake above Mind en, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Norway House, head of Lake "Winnipeg, to Canada. (^Hooker, Fl.) (2433.) P. hybridus, Michx., Fl. I., lOL P. setaceus, Pnrsh, Fl. I., 120. P.filiformis, Pursh, Herb. ; Tucker. Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) 230. St. James, and St. Stephens, N.B. ( Vroom.) Although we strongly suspect that the plants referred here are P. Spirillus, there is no rea- son to doubt the occurrence of the species so far north. (2434.) P. rufescens, Schrader ; H*ook., Fl. II., 172. P,fluUans, Pursh, Fl. I., 120. P. nutans, var. fluitans, Torrey. ; Bot. N. York II., 254. Apparently a rare but widely diffused species. St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) In flowing waters, Truro, N.S. ; Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^, Q. ; abundant in flowing water in the Eiver Trent, at the " Narrows" and in Crow Eiver at Marmora Iron Works ; also in the North Eiver, Belmont and in Big Bushkong Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; Current Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Eiver Mistassini, near Lake St. John, Q. (Michaux.) Eapids of the Niagara Eiver, near Bath, Island. (Tuckerman.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont., and Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Abun- dant in the mill stream at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (JRothr. Alask.) Stagnant waters, Canada to Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) (2435.) P. lonchites,|Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) 226. Apparently very rare or overlooked. Tobique Lakes, N.B. (Hay.) Abundant at Ottawa. A form with remarkably long stipules. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In ponds, London. Ont. (Burgess.) Niagara Eapids, near Bath Island, Niagara Eiver. (Tuckerman.) 84 GEOLOGICAIi SURVEY OF CANADA. (2436.) p. amplifoliUS, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) 226. Not rare in deep and still water, but seldom collected. In the mill pond at Stirling ; and Elziver, Hastings Co. ; Gull Lake, Barrie, Adding- ton Co. ; at the lower end of Big Bushkong Lake, Victoria Co., and in the Potawatamie Eiver, above Jones Falls, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) In water, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) King's Mere and Meech's Lake, in the Chelsea Mountains, near Ottawa, (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Missinaibi Eiver and Lake, Ont. [B. Bell.) Marshes," Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Niagara Eiver, on the Canadian side. {Tuckerman.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (^Fletcher.) (2437.) P. gramineus, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 487. P. heterophyllus, Sohreb. ; Hook., Fl. II., 172 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 120. Common in streams from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In flowing^ water at Coal Branch, Kent Co. ; Tobique Eiver, and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Lake Utopia, N.B. (Wetmore.) Little Tobique Lake, N.B. (Say.) Titusville, N.B. (Brittain.) Flowing water at Truro, N.S. ; Salt Lake, Anticosti ; in a rapid stream between West- wood and Peterboro, Ont ; vicinity of Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; Eiver St. Clair, near Windsor, Ont. (Macoun,.) Wabigoon Eiver, west of Lake Superior. (Fletcher.) Var. (near) graminifoMus, Fries. In shallow water. Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Ottawa Eiver. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Var. maximus, Morong. Flowing water, Becscie Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Not uncom- mon at Ottawa. (Fletcher, 11. Ott.) Var. heterophyllus, Fries. The common form and found throughout the country. Grand Val- ine, Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.). Abundant in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Nation Eiver, Ont. (Billings.) Mud Lake, near Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Near Belleville, Hastings Co., and general throughout central Ontario in rivers, lakes and ponds, and westwai-dto Lake Superior, where it is particularly abundant. (Macoun.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., and Mis- sinaibi Eiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) Jones Falls, Ont. (Millman.) Abundant in fresh water ponds through- out the prairie region, through the Eocky Mountains, and west" CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 85 ward to the Pacific, where it becomes common in ponds and lakes on Vancouver Island, near Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan. (Sooker, Fl.) (2438.) P. lucens, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 487. Pictou Co., KS. {McKay.) St. Lawrence Eiver, at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Bay of Quinte, and in the mill pond at Stirling, and in Elziver, Hastings Co. ; also in the still waters of the Trent Eiver, Sey- mour, ISTorthumberland Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) • (2439.) P. Zizii, Mertens & Koch. P. lucens, var. minor, Nolte; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1734, var. minor. Apparently rare in Canada. Nation Eiver at Casselman, near Ottawa ; Big Bushkong and other lakes up Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Meech's Lake, near Chelsea, Q. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2440.) P. pr2elongUS, Wulfen.; Hook., Fl. IL, 172. P. lucens, Michx., Fl. I., 102 ; Pursh, Fl. 1. 120. Not uncommon in deep water of lakes and quiet rivers. Earltown Lakes, Colchester Co., N.S. {McKay.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; Tobi- que Lake, N.B. {Fowler, Oat.) Woodstock, N.B. {Hay.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) St. Lawrence Eiver, near Point St. Charles, Mon- treal, 1821. {Br. Holmes.) Bay of Quinte, at Belleville; Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario, and in deep water in the Eiver Trent, Seymour, Northumberland Co. ; abundant in Lake Superior, at the mouth of the Kaministiqua, and in the lake expansions of Nipigon Eiver. {Macoun.) Goulaife Eiver, Lake Superior. {B. Bell.) In the Athabasca Eiver, above Lake Athabasca, lat. 58° ; Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and Lang- ford and Shawnigan lakes, near Goldstream, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) English Eiver, north of the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, Fl.) (2441.) P. perfoliatUS, Linn.; Michx., Fl. L, 101 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 120 ; Hook., Fl. II., 172, Eather common in rivers and lakes throughout the country. Cow Bay, Halifax Co., N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Ponds and slow streams, Norton, N.B. {Fowler, Gat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Elvers of the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Eividre du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Eiver St. Pierre and at Three Elvers, Q. 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Green's Creek, Ottawa; very rare, only once collected. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and at 86 GEOLOGICAL SURVEF OF CANADA. Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Canada to Slave Eiver. {Sooker, FL) Var. lanceolatus, Eobbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488. This seems to be the western and northern form, as it is abundant westward where the species seems to be absent. St. Clair Flats, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant at Ottawa, in all waters. {Fletcher, FL Ott.) Lakeof the Woods. {Burgess.) In the still waters of the lake expansions of Nipigon Eiver, and in the mouths of rivers north of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. ; and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. {J. M. Macoun.) James Bay, at Moose Factory. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) Moose Mountain Creek, Man. {J. M. Macoun.) Long Lake, noi-th of Eegina, Assini- boia ; in a small pond on Copper Mountain, Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°. {Dawson.) (2442.) P. zosterifolius, Schum.; Hook., Fl.IL, 172. P. compressus, Fries. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1732. Eather common in still water. Still and slow flowing water, St. John, N.B. (FowZer, Cat) Vicinity of Ottawa; common. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) JSTear Montreal, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) St. Lawrence Eiver and slow streams] common at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Jones Falls, Eideau Eiver, Ont. {Millman.) London, Ont. {Burgess.) Abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and in all the rivers in central Ontario ; Gull Eiver, Peterboro Co., Ont., and in Lake Hannah, Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Oba Lake and river, and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. {H. Bell.) Burlington Marsh, Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) York Fac- tory, Hudson Bay, and from Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, to Portage La Loche, lat. 57°. {Hooker, Fl.) (2443.) P. obtusifolius, Mertens & Koch. A few specimens were gathered in mud on the margin of a small lakelet near Point Fame Lighthouse, Gasp^ coast, Q., in August, 1882. {Macoun.) (2444.) P. pauciflorus, Pursh, Fl. L, 121. P. gramineum, Michx., Fl. I., 102. P. pusHlum, Hook., Fl. II., 172. Not uncommon in still water. Eestigouche Eiver, N.B. ; rather doubtful. (Fowler, Cat.) Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. ; abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and in the Trent Eiver at Trenton ; also Gull Eiver, Peterboro Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Smith's Falls, Ont. {Prof. Fowler.) Billings Bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh at Hamilton, Ont. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. St (Buchan.) Nortli shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Port Carleton, Saskatchewan Eiver. (Macoun.) Camberland House to York Factory, on Hudson Bay. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. Niagarensis, Gray. P. Niagarmsis, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. (2, Ser.) VII., 354. Eapids above Niagara Palls. {Burgess.) Niagara Eiver, near the brink of the Hog's Back, growing plentifully with Udora ; and else- where in the river. (Tuckerman.) (2445.) P. pusillus, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 488. Eather common in ditches and slow streams. In ditches at Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Little Eocher, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in streams inland, from Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Grand Yall^e, Gasp^ coast, Q. ; in flowing water at Hull, Q. ; in the Eiver Trent, at Trenton, and abundant in still waters and ditches throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Gockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Jones Falls, Eideau Eiver. (Mill- man.) Little Saskatchewan, near Eapid City, and not uncommon in pools in the prairie region. (Macoun.) Lake of the "Woods. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. T. (J. M. Macoun.) Specimens referred here were collected at Port McLeod, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Yar. vulgaris, Fries. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 489. This is a longer and more branching form, with generally cylindri- cal and interrupted spikes. Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. ; Gull Eiver, Yictoria Co. ; in deep water, Trent Eiver, Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Shawnigan Lake, Yancouver Island. (Macoun.) The Qom- monest form at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Yar. panormitanus, Biv. Eideau Canal, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Mr. Morong writes of this variety : " I have carefully compared these (Mr. Fletcher's specimens) with the plant sent me as P. pusillus, L., var. panormitanus, Biv., and can see no essential difference. In my specimens the (submerged) leaves are shorter, thoy are not ruddy at all, and none revolute. The description of the variety, however, corresponds " leaves longer," (than the type) flaccid, the upper flower- ing ones opposite and spatulate, the whole surface of the leaf with a pretty chain-like areolation." I am sure that your plant meets this description, and when compared as to the floating leaves the specimens agree. I should not, however, regard it as a distinct species, since it 88 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OP CANADA. bears so many of the characteristics oipusillus. The ruddy tinge and revolute leaves may be owing to the season or accidental circumstances. (2446.) P. mucronatUS, Schrader. P. piwUus, var. major, Fries. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 489. P. oUusifolius, Macoun, Cat. No. 1737. Eather uncommon but very likely overlooked. St. Stephen, and Little Eocher, N.B. [Fowler, Cat.) Brackish ponds. Salt Lake, Anti- costi; abundant in a brook, North Hastings, Out.; marshes at the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Muskeg Creek, Lake Winnipeg, Man. ; and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Long Lake, and Eeed Lake, Assiniboia. {Macoun.') Li the Eed Eiver at Emerson, Man. {Frof. Fowler.) (2447.) P. rutilans, Wolfgang. In marshes at Ellis 'Bay, Anticosti, 1883 ; also in abundance in marshes at the mouth of the Nipigon Eiver, near Eed Eock, Lake Superior, 1884. {Macoun.) On South Twin Island, James Bay, 1887. {J. M. Macoun.) These are the only known localities for this species in America. (2448.) P. marinus, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. L, 102. P. pectinatus, var. IcUif alius, Watson; Macoun, Cat No. 1739, var. P. pectinatus, var. ft Hook., Fl. II., 172. Chiefly in brackish marshes on the sea-coast and in the prairie region. Brackish ponds, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Madeline Eiver, Gasp^ coast, Q. {Macoun.) Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawi-ence. {St. Gyr.) Missinaibi Lake and Nelson Eiver. {R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Moose Mountain Creek, Man. {J. M. Macoun.) Common in the larger pools throughout the prairie region. {Macoun.) Ten miles above Spence's Bridge, B.C. {Fletcher.) Further examination will doubtless show that much of the material now referred to P. pectinatus is really this species. Var. Macounii, Morong. (MS.) This is a broad-leaved and very distinct form, and cannot be referred to B. marinus, var. occidentalis, although near it, by Eev. T. Morong, who names it as above. Brackish, and salt lakes, prairie region. Old Wives Lakes, and in Crawling Valley, south of the Hand Hills, Alberta. {Macoun.) (2449.) P. pectinatus, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 121. P. pectinatus, var. a.. Hook., Fl. II., 172. Widely distributed or confounded with P. marinus. In ponds at CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 89 Baddeck, Gape Breton. {Macoun.) Harris Cove, Norton, and Clifton, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Along the Eiver St. Lawrence, Q. (St. Gyr.) Com- mon in the vicinity of Ottawa. The typical form. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) St. Lawrence Eiver, Conway's Creek, Nation Eiver, and near Prescott, Ont. ( P.illings.) Jones Falls, Eideau Eiver, Ont. (Millman.) Very com- mon in all the streams in central Ontario, and extending westerly to Victoria Co. (Macoun.) Marsh at Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont. (Burgess.) South Twin Island, James Bay, and Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) James Bay, near Moose Factory. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Abun- dant in the Sydenham Eiver, at Owen Sound, and in all the streams entering Lake Superior ; Eeed Lake, Assiniboia, and in Eed Deer Eiver, Man. ; not uncommon in pools and slow flowing streams from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia ; in Somas and Stamp rivers, Albemi, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macmm.) Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains ; Lewes Eiver, lat. 62° N. of British Columbia. (Dawson.) Canada to English Eiver, and from Hudson Bay to alpine lakes in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Two very marked forms were found growing together at Black Eapids, Eideau Eiver, near Ottawa, by Mr. Fletcher. Of these forms Mr. Morong writes him : — (I.) " There is no varietal name for this form, but it is bushy and densely clothed with fine setaceous leaves, and might be called var. tenuissimus, as you suggest. (II.) This form approaches the " var. (?) latifolius" of Bobbins, some of the leaves three nerved." (2450.) P. Robbinsii, Oakes, Hov. Mag. VIL, 128. Growing usually in deep water and seldom matui-ing its fruit. Petit- codiac and Hampton; also Tobique Lakes, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Little Nictau Lake, N.B. (Hay.) Meech's Lake, Chelsea, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; Crow Eiver, Marmora Iron Works; Oak Hill Pond, near Stirling, Hastings Co.; Gull Eiver, near Elliott's Falls, and Gull Lake, near Minden, Victoria Co. ; and in the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Oba Lake and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and abundant and fniiting in the Somas Eiver at Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 90 GEOLOGICAL SXJRVEY OF CANADA. 657. RUPPIA, Linn. Gen. 175. (DITCH-GRASS.) (2451.) R. maritima, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 121 ; Hook., Fl. II. 110. Generally in salt ponds by the sea-coast. Abundant at Yarmouth, N.S., and in salt ponds at Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Growing under water in estuaries of rivers flowing into the Gulf of St. Law- rence, New Brunswick coast. (Fowler, Gat.) St. Andrews, N.B. ( Vroom.) Pokeseudie Gully, Gloucester Co., N.B. (Say.) Growing profusely in the northern end of Old "Wives Lakes, Assiniboia, near the Canadian Pacific Eailway; in salt ponds at Qualicum and Alberni, Vaocouver Island. (Macoun.) 658. ZANNICHELLIA, Linn. Gen. 1034. (HORNED PONDWEED) (2452.) Z. paiustris, Linn.; Pursh, PI. I., 4 ; Hook., Fl. II., 170. Freshwater, and brackish ponds and ditches; not rare. In the salt marsh near Truro, and at Yarmouth, N.S. ; salt ponds at Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Growing under water in streams rendered brackish by the tides. Eichibucto and Spurr's Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (^Macoun.) Wot uncommon at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Pools by the St. Lawrence Eiver, at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Marshy ponds near Eednersville, Bay of Quinte, and in a ditch between Taylor's Hill and jthe Eiver Moira, Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) In "The Eiver that Turns," near the Elbow of the South Saskatchewan, and numerous brackish ponds throughout the prairie region. (Macoun.) 659. ZOSTERA, Linn. Gen. 1032. (GRASS-WRACK.) (2453.) Z. marina, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 2. Between high and low tide on both the east and west coasts. Hali- fax, N.S. (Sommers, Gat.) On the sea-coast at Yai'mouth, and on McNab's Island, Halifax Harbor, N.S. (Macoun.) Common along the coasts of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. (McKay.) Growing under water in shallow places along the Gulf coast, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti ; common around the Bay of Chaleur and up the CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 91 Gasp^ coast of the St. Lawrence; abundant on both the east and west coasts of Vancouver Island, always about low water mark. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Zange.) 660. PHYLLOSPADIX, Hook., PI. II., 171. (FALSE EEL-GRASS) (2454.) P. Scouleri, Hook., Fl. II., 171. Abundant on steep rocks below half tide, from the lighthouse, near Victoria, around the coast to Esquimault Harbor ; very common in the same situations on all the islands in the outer part of Barclay Sound, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) ' Although much like Z. marina in general appearance, its place of growth differs so materially that the two species need never be confounded, as this always grows on steep rocks or on boulders, while the other delights in pools with a bottom of shell mud. Pine fruiting specimens were obtained in July and August, 1887. It is very likely quite com- mon on the Pacific coast, but usually confounded with Z. marina. 661. NAIAS, Linn. Gen. 1096. (NAIAD) (2455.) N. flexilis, Eostk. & Schmidt.' N. Canadensis, Michx., Fl. II., 220 ; Pursh, Fl. II., 602; Hook.,Fl. II., 170. Caullna flexilis, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 2. Locally abundant and widely distributed, extending from the Atlan- tic to the Pacific. Lake St. John, Q. (Michaux.) Barlstown Lakes, Colchester Co., N.S. {McKay.) Amqui, Metapedia Eiver, Q. {Macoun.) Potter's Lake, St. Stephen, N.B. {Fowler, Gat.) Nation Eiver at Casselman, and other places near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Lake Ontario, at Kingston, Ont. {Millman.) Bay of Quinte, and in still water in all rivers and lakes of central Ontario ; also Sydenham Eiver, Owen Sound, Ont. {Macoun.) Point Jidward, Eiver St. Clair, Ont. ; Lake Mistnssini, IT.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Head of the canal, Sault Ste Marie, Lake Superior ; occasionally met with in lakes north of the prairie ; English Lake, near Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan Eiver a few very depauperate specimens, Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 92 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. CXVII. EEIOCAULEtE. Pipewort Family. 662. ERIOCAULON, Linn. Gen. 100. (PIPEWORT) (2456.) E. septangulare, With. ; Hook., Fl. II., 18t. E. pelluddum, Michx., Fl. I., 166; Pursh.Fl. I., 92. In soft mud on the borders of lakes and ponds. Newfoundland. {Br. Morrison.) Halifax and Mahone Bay, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Caledonia, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) In a small lake, North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Lily Lake, Dark Lake, Welsford, and St. Stephen, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Tadousao Lake, Q. {A. T. Drumrrumd.) Trembling Lake, Argenteuil Co., Q. {B' Urban.) Border of Partridge Lake, and Gull Lake, Addington Co. ; Hooper's Lake, Hastings Co. ; very common in the small lakes in Peter boro and Victoria Co's., Ont. i also Birch Lake, north-east of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Abundant in a lake two miles from Sudbury, Ont., (Fletcher.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Pancake Eiver, Ont,, near its mouth, growing on mud in a little cove. {B. Bell.) Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. {Burgess.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. {M^i:oker, Fl.) CXVII. CYPBEACBtE. Sedge Family. 663. CYPERUS, Linn. Gen. 66. (GALINGALE) (2451.) C. diandrus, Torr. Cyp. 342; Hook., PL IL, 232. Low ground around springs, and in marshes by lakes and ponds. Fredericton, N.B, {Fowler, Cat.) Eiverside, King's Co., N.B. (Wet- more.) In clefts of rocks on the shore of the St. Lawrence, at Mon- treal, and at Niagara Falls. (W. F. McCrea.) In all low spots in the vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common along the St. Lawrence, at Preseott., Ont. {Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Low grounds at Kingston, and London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Very common at Belleville, and in the marshes of the Bay of Quinte, Ont. (Macoun.) Marshes at Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Banks of Kettle Creek, St. Thomas, Ont. (Saunders.) Swampy ground, Owen Sound, Ont. {Macoun.) Point Edwai-d, Eiver St. Clair, Ont. {J. M. Macoun.) Canada. (Goldie.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 93 Var. castaneus, Torrey, Cyp. 251. C. flavescens, var. /3. castaneus, Pursh, Fl. I., 52. Abundant in marshes at Belleville, and at the head of the Bay of Quinte, near the Murray Canal, Ont. (Macoun.) Niagara Falls. (W. F. MoCrea.) (2458.) C. flavescens, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V,, 552. Credited to Canada by Prof. L. N". Britton, in his Eevision of this genus. We have never seen a Canadian specimen. It should be looked for along the Kew Brunswick coast. (2459.) C. aristatus, Eottb. ; Britton. Bull. Torr. Bot. XIII., 207. a inflexus, Muhl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 232 ; Macoun, Cat No. 1909. C. uncinatus, Pursh, Fl. I., 50. Gravel in the beds of rivers, apparently very local. Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) "West Eideau Lake, Ont. (Porter.) Gravelly bed of the river Moira, at Belleville, Hastings Co ; also in the bed of the Eivor Trent, at Trenton, Myersburg, and Heely Falls, Northumber- land Co., Ont. ; rather uncommon at Somas Falls, four miles from Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan and Lake Winnipeg. (Soaker, Fl.) (2460.) C. Schweinitzii, Tori-. Cyp., 276. Sandy shores of lakes and rivers, and on sand hills on the prairies. On sand on the beach along the lake shore at Hamilton, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Pelde, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie, and Point Edward, Lake Huron, Ont.; Hungry Hall, Eainy Eiver, and on sand banks where that river enters the Lake of the Woods; on sand hills near the source of the Qu'Appelle, and at Old Wives Lakes, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) (2461.) C. esculentus, Linn. , Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. XIII., 210. C. phymatodes, Muhl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 554. C. repens, Ell. ; Hook., Fl. II., 232. C. tuberosus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 52. On the banks of rivers, chiefly in wet sand. Sandy bank^of Kenne- beccasis ; Norton, and Fredericton, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Gatineau Point, on the Ottawa, Q. ; in wet sand at Niagara Town, and near 5 Queenston Heights, along the railway. (Macoun.) In great abundance below Parliament Hill, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Pelde and Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie, Ont. (Burgess.) Upper Canada. (Goldie.) 94 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2462.) S. Strigosus. Linn.; Hook., PI. II., 232 ; Pui-sh, Fl. I., 52. C Miekauxianvs, Schultes. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 554. C. flavicomus, Vahl. ; Michx., Fl. I., 27 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 53. Not uncommon in Ontario in cold wet pastures and meadows. Nun's Island, Montreal, and Niagara Falls. ( W. F. McCrea.) Wet place, near the outlet of the Eideau Canal, Ottawa. {St. Gyr.) Along the Eideau Elver at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In a little marsh on the banks of the St. Lawrence, one mile west of Brockville, Ont. {Billings.) West Eideau Lake, Ont. (Porter.) Low wet meadows and boggy places, King- ston, Ont. (Millman.) Kingston, Ont. ; Point Pel^e, Lake Brie ; Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Boggy ground, Gatineau Point, near Ottawa,; wet grassy places along the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and in a sandy field at the Murray Canal, near Trenton ; near Salt Creek bridge, Brighton, Northumberland Co. ; and on an island in Eice Lake ; Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Point Edward, Lake Huron. (J. M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Upper Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2463.) C. erythrorhizos, Muhl.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 552. Apparently confined to south western Ontario. Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) (2464.) C. flliculmis, Vahl.; Pursh, Fl. L, 52. C. mariscoides, Ell. ; Torr., Fl. I., 63. C. Kyllingssoides, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 50. Dry sandy woods or fields, not uncommon in central Ontario. Com- mon 'on Massassagua Point, Bay of Quinte, Ont; sand hills at Murray Townhall, and on Eice Lake Plains, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; in sandy fields and thickets at Point Edward, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Sandy meadows, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) 664. DULICHIUM, Pers. (DULICHIUM) (2465.) D. spathaceum, Pers.; Hook., Fl. II., 232; Pursh, Fl. L, 53. D. Canadense, Pers. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. SdrpiLs spathaeeus, Michx., Fl. I., 32. Not uncommon in marshes and by lake borders, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Halifax, N.S. (Sommers. Macoun.) Caledonia, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Earlston Lakes, Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Very wet places, Kent Co. ; and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beau- CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 95 mont, Bellechasse Co., Q. (St. Gyr.) Swampy ground^ near Hamil- ton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Casselman and several other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) Common in marshes at Presoott, Ont. (Billings.) Quite common at Belle- ville and throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Mossy hog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.y Moon Eiver, Mu8kokaCo.,Ont. (Burgess.) Sou-sou-wa-ga-mi Creek, Lake Huron ; Michipicotin to Lake Missinaibi, Ont. (B. Bell.) In a marsh at Langford Lake, and in a marsh at Sproat Lake, Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 665. HELEOCHARIS, R. Br. (SPIKE-RUSH) (2466.) H. Robbinsii, Oakes. ; Gray, Man. Bd. V., 55t. Kendrick's Lake"; and.Potter's Lake, near St. Stephen, N.B. ( Yroom.) (2467.> H. Obtusa, Schultes. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Sdrpus capitatus, VaU. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 55. S. ovatus, Vahl. ; Pursb, Fl. I., 54. Bather uncommon but widely distributed. Common in Pictou Co., IST.S. (McKay.) Ditches at Annapolis, N.S. and Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Muddy places; common, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Ditches, Campbellton, K B. (Macoun.) Btchemin, Q. (Hon. W. Shepperd.) Muddy soil, JS^otre Dame de Levis, Q. (St. Gyr.) Nation Eiver, at Casselman, and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in ditches at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Ditches and muddy places, rather common in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Swamps at London, Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Pitt Eiver, B. C. (J. A. Hill.) ' Saskatchewan Eiver. (Soaker, Fl.) (2468.) H. palustris, E.Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 228. H. midiicauUs, Hook., Fl. II., 228. (?) Sdrpus palustris, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. Common in wet meadows and hogs from the Atlantic to the Pacitic. Marshy places, Annapolis, and Truro, N.S. ; Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common both in the large form which grows in water, and the smaller form in wet meadows, KB. (Fowler, Gat.) Camp- bellton, N.B. ; Little Fox Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Gyr.) Water pools, on rocks, Hucklebeny Eapids, Ai-gen- teuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) 96 GEOLOGICAL SUKVEY OP CANADA. Common in marshy places, Preseott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Abundant in marshy meadows and lake margins throughout central Ontario. (Both forms.) (Maeoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Batch-ah-wah-nah Bay, Lake Superior ; Michipicotin to Lake Missinaibi, Ont. ; down the Nelson Eiver to York Factory. (R. Bell.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Maeoun.) Syden- ham Eiver, Owen Sound, Ont. ; abundant around Lake Superior and up the Nipigon River to Livingstone Point, on Lake Nipigon, (Maeoun.) "Wet prairie at Emerson, Man ; Souris Eiver, 49th parallel ; and Kitaman Eiver, Kootanie Yalley, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Eather common in wet spots on the prairie from Winnipeg westward, especially at the File Hills and Long Lake; not uncommon in the Eocky and Selkirk Mountains, and westward to the Pacific coast and Vancouver Island, where it is abundant. (Maeoun.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the Pacific Ocean ; varying much in size, from four inches to two feet. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. calva, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 346. Blackwater Eiver, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Maeoun.) Var. glaucescens, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 558. In marshes at the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Maeoun.) (2469.) H. compressa, Sullivant; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 558. This species seems to be rare in Canada. In wet meadows at Belle- ville, Ont. ; in great profusion, and evidently indigenous. (Maeoun.) Barren field north of Fort "Wellington, Preseott, Ont. (Billings.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (MeGill Coll. Serb.) (2470.) H. rostellata, Torr., Var. occidentalis, "Watson. Bot. Calif. II., 222. Sdrpus rostellaius, Torr. Cyp., 318. Abundant in marshes of the Somas Eiver, at Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. The culms are usually rather weak, and often root at the tips, forming new plants which soon equal the parent in size. (Maeoun.) (2471.) H. intermedia, Schultes.; Torr. Cyp., 91. Not uncommon in marshy spots along the Bay of Quinte, both above and below Belleville, Ont. (Maeoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 97 (2412.) H. tenuis, Schultes. ; Torr. Cyp., 309. Sdrpus tenuis, Willd. ; Torr. Fl. I., 44. N"ot uncommon, growing in wet meadows and boggy places. On a wet boggy place at Truro, and North-west Arm, Halifax, N.S., and at North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) On a wet bank, Kouchibouguac ; Tobique Lakes, Petitco- diac, and Hampton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and marshes at Grand Etang, Gaspd coast, Q. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans, Q. {St. Gyr.) Shores of Thunder Bay, and along the east coast of Lake Superior ; east coast of Lake Nipigon. {Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. {Burgess.) Muskeg Creek, Lake "Winnipeg. {J. M. Macoun.) Marshes along the base of Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia ; along the Bow Eiver, at Morley, and westward to Kananaskis Station, Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) (2413.) H. acicularis, R.Br.; Hook., PI. II., 230. Sdrpus adcularis, Linir : Pursh, Fl. I., .54. iS. capillaceus, Michx., Fl. I., 30. Muddy places, not uncommon from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Ditches at Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Burgess.) Muddy shores and ditches ; common ; Spurr's Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Ste. Anne des Monts River, Gasp6,Q. (Macoun.) Thunder Creek, Q. (St. Oyr.) St. John, Q. (W. F. McCrea.) Abundant on all muddy river banks at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in ditches at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Very common in suitable places through- out central Ontario. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Low ground, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Chicken Bay, Lake Huron ; Sault Ste. Marie and east coast of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Lake of the Woods ; and Red River prairie, Man. (Dawson.) Red Deer River, near the Hand Hills, and frequent on the margin of pools in the prairie region ; not uncommon in boggy places at Victoria, Nanaimo, and Alberni, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay, Red River, and the Saskatche- wan. (Hooker, Fl.) (24Y4.) H. pygmaea, Torr. Cyp., 313. Sdrpus pudllus, Vabl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. Brackish marshes along the sea-coast. Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun k Burgess.) Sea-shore, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Saguenay Eiver, Q. (Burgess.) Lower St. Lawrence. (C. G-. Pringle.) Salt, marshes at Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 7 98 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2475.) H. pauciflora, Link.; Hook., Fl. H., 229. Sdrpus pauciflora, Lightf. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V. 560 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1930. S. Bxothryon, Ehrh. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Not un common but easily overlooked ; from the Atlantic westward to the Eocky Mountains. Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Grand Etang and ■other places along the Gaspd coast, Q. ; in wet sand at Presqu'ile Point, Wellington Beach, and Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. (^Macoun.) Toronto, Ont. (^Burgess.') East coast of Lake Nipigon ; marshes at the base of Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; in springs, Cypress Hills, Alberta ; abundant on sand along Bow Eiver, from Morley westward, and at Kicking Horse Lake, in the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Muddy swamps and salt marshes in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) 666. SCIRPUS, Linn. Gen. 67. (CLUB-RUSH.) (2476.) S. caespitosus, Linn. ; Torr. Gyp., 319. Eleocharis csespitosa. Link. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Chiefly boreal and alpine in habit, but extending across the continent. Peat bog, Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Eichibucto and Lily Lake, ^.B. {Fowler, Gat.) Peat bog, Salt Lake, Anticosti, (Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Har- bor Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Gyr.) Marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron ; abundant at Current River and north-east coast of Lake Superior ; east coast of Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) York Factory, Hudson Bay; Ford's Harbor, coast of Labra- dor. (B. Bell.) Bogs along the base of the Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; on boggy soil, from Morley westward through the Eocky and Selkirk Mountains; on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 4,800 feet, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Throiighout Canada to near the shores of tiie Arctic sea, and in swamps of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2477.) S. subterminalis, Torr.; Hook., PI. II., 229. Floating and growing in mud at the bottom of shallow lakes. Petit- codiac, and Quaco, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) St. Clair Flats, St. Clair Eiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) In water, Blackstone Lake, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) Gull Lake, Addington Co., and in Gull Eiver, Victoria Co. ; White Eiver, north of Lake Superior ; and in a small lake on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, alt. 2,500 feet. (Macoun.) Deep standing pools in the Eocky Mountains, near the head waters of the Columbia. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOaiTE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 99 (2478.) S. pungens, Vahl.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 561. S. triqueter, Michx., Fl. I., 47. iS. Ammcamis, Pers. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 56. S. mucronatus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 55. Not uncommoii in salt marshes, and on the shores of the Great Lakes ; extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Beehs.) Marshes at Sydney Mines, and Baddeck, Cape Breton. ( Jfocoww.) Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Common in salt or hrackish marshes. New Brunswick. {Fowler, Cat.) Ouatechechou, Q. (St. Oyr.) Gravelly island in the St. Lawrence, opposite Montreal. {W. F. McCrea.) Along the EideauEiver, at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bank of the St. Lawrence, three miles west of Prescott; banks of the Eideau Eiver, near Ottawa. {Billings.) Hog Lake, North Hastings, Ont. ; sands of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; Eiver Trent, above Heely Falls, Northumberland Co., and on Britton's Island, Gull Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Sands of Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. {Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Shallow water, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. {Burgess.) Salt marshes at Brandon, and Calgary, N.W.T. {Prof. Fowler.) Borders of salt marshes. Old Wives Lakes, Cypress Hills, and throughout the prairie region gener- ally ; common in sandy marshes at Oak Bay, and along the coast of Vancouver Island to Comox; also in marshes at Alberni, on the west coast. {Macoun.) Fort "Wrangel, Alaska. {Meehan.) Missinaibi Eiver ; marshes of the Saskatchewan and throughout the country to the Arc- tic regions. {Hooker, Fl.) (2479.) S. NevadensiS, Watson, Bot. King's Exp. V., 360. In alkaline marshes along the north end of Old Wives Lakes, and along some of the salt lakes north of the Cypress Hills. {Macoun.) Chinaman's Eanche, above Spence's Bridge, B.C. {Fletcher.) (2480.) S. lacustris, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229 (Great Club-Eush.) S. validus,\ah\.; Pursh, Fl. I., 56 ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 562; Macoun, Cat. No. 1927. Common in still water of rivers, and in lakes and marshes from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Beeks.) Moser's Lake and Cow Bay, Halifax Co., N.S. {Sommers, Oat.) Annapolis, and Yarmouth N.S. {Macoun.) In still fresh water N.B. ; common. {Fowler, Gat.) Campbell- ton, N.B. {Chalmers.) In marshes at Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti . {Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; not common. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Common around Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) St. Andrews, Q., and Port Colborne, Lake Erie. {McQill Coll. Serb.) Elvers, lakes and ponds, quite common in central and western Ontai-io. 100 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton. {Logie.) In water at London, Ont. (Burgess. Mllman.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Lake Nipigon; and Kaministiqua Eiver, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake of the Woods, and Eoseau Eiver, Man. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; " Grassy Narrows," Lake Winnipeg ; Beren's Eiver and down the Severn Eiver, Keewatin. _ (J. M. Macoun.) Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont. ; Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Oottar & Dr. Hayden.) Winnipeg and North-west Angle Eoad ; also Trader's Eoad, Man. (Dawson.) Occasionally in ponds, but particularly at Eush Lake, in the prairie region, extending north to the Peace Eiver ; Bow Eiver, at the Kananaskis, Eocky Mountains, and in the Columbia Valley, between Golden City and Donald ; notuncommon on the borders of lakes, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) British America, as far north as lat. 57° ; marshes of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Ft.) Var. occidental is, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 218. Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains, 1883. (Dawson.) (2481.) S. maritimus, Linn. ; Hook., PI. II., 230, (Sea Club-Eush.) S. mariiimus, /?. maaroslaehyos, Michx., FI. I., 32, in part. S. robvstus, Parsh, Fl. I., 56, in part. Salt marshes on the coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and borders of salt lakes in the prairie region. Salt marshes at Truro, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Common in salt marshes, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Saguenay Eiver ; Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Burgess.) Saline lake near Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson.) Marshes at the File Hills, Man., and along Thunder Creek, and Old Wives Lakes, Assiniboia; very abundant in salt marshes at Qualicum, and Nanaimo ; also at Alberni, on the west coast, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Salt marshes of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2482.) S. fluviatilis, Gray. (Eivei- Club-Eush.) S. maritimus, var. (?) ftumatilis, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 354. S. robustus, Pursh, Fl. I., 56, in part. Eather uncommon in ri'^er and lake marshes. L'Ange Gardien, and Templeton ; Pointe Aux Trembles, Hochelago Co., Q. (Ami.) Marsh along the Eideau Eiver, at the railway bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eiver St. Lawrence, at Prescott. (Billings.) Eiver Trent, at the terminus of the Marmora jailway, and at the " Narrows" above that point; Gull Eiver, above Cameron Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Swampy marsh, Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Port Oolborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Shallow CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 101 water, Point Pel^e, Lake Brie. {Burgess.) Marsh, Lake Shebandewan, west of Lake Superior. {Macoun.') (2483.) S. rufus, Wahl.; Hook. British Plora, 414. BlysmuB rufus, Link. Salt marshes, chiefly around the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Marshy ground at the mouth of Eel Eiver, Eestigouche Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abun- dant at Salt Lake, and Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; very common in salt marshes at Cape Eosier, Gasp^, and at intervals along the coast to Matane, Q. (Macoun.) Shore of Eiver St. Lawrence, Q. (Pringle.) Around salt springs, about a mile up Eed Deer Eiver, at the head of Lake Winnipegoosis, lat. 53°. (Macoun.) (2484.) S. sylvaticus, Linn., var. digynus, Bceck. S. micrucarpus, Presl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 564 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1931. S. sylvaticus, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 230; Pursh, Fl. I., 56. S. lenticularis, Torr. Cyp., 328 ; Hook., Fl. II., 230. Not uncommon in flowing water from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Traro, and Annapolis, IST.S. (Macoun.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Com- mon in Kent Co. ; Oampbellton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Brooks, Gasp6 Basin, Q. (Macoun.) Montreal, and St. Andrews, Q. (McGill Coll. JSerh.) Nipigon House, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Mis- tassini, N.E.T. (J. Richardson.) Eupert House, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hayden.) Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.) Cut Arm Creek, Saskatchewan Eiver, Athabasca Eiver, Peace Eiver, and Lake Athabasca, N.W.T. (Macoun.) Medicine Hat, Alberta. (J. M, Macoun.) Common in Beaver Creek Yalley and in other valleys of the Selkirk Mountains ; abundant at Yictoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum, Alberni, and numerous other places, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada and Hudson Bay to lat. 57°, and to the headwaters of the Columbia, in the Eocky Mountains ; Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2485.) S. atrovirens, Muhl. Gram. 43. S. polyphyllm, Vahl.; Pursh, Fl. I., 57- S. sylvaticus var. atrovirens, Gray, Man. Ed. II. (1856.) Not uncommon in marshes. "Watery places at Halifax, IST.S. (Macoun.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault). Wet meadows and bogs, Norton, and Fredericton ; Grand Manan, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Quebec, and Eiver Mingan, Lower St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Abundant on the sandy banks of the Eouge Eiver, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Low wet meadows and ditches, common in central Ontario. 102 GBOLOGIOAL SURVET OP CANADA. (ifacown.) Vicinity of Hamilton Ont. {Logie.) Swamps at London, Ont. {Millman. Burgess.) Point Edward, River St. Clair, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua Eiver, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Sault Ste. Marie ; Oxford Lake and Nelson River, Keewatin. (S. Bell.) Saskatchewan. Hooker, Fl.) 667. ERIOPHORUM, Linn. Gen. 68. (2486.) E. cyperinum, Linn.; BeDth.& Hook., Gen. Plant, II I., 1052. Scirpus Enophorum, Michx., var. cyperinus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565; Macoun, Cat. No. 1925- Trichophorum cyperinum, Pars. ; Pursh, PL I., 57. Rather common in ditches and swamps throughout eastern Canada. Newfoundland. (Reela.) "Whycocomagh, Cape Breton ; and Truro, N.S. {Macoun.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Abundant at Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Glenelg, Giiysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Campbellton, N.B. (Macoun.) Thunder Eiver and St. Sauveur, Q. (St. Gyr.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) In pools of water at Huckleberry Rapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (^Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Sault Ste. Marie ; Echimamish Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Abimdant at the mouth of the Kaministiqua Eiver, at Fort William, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay; Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) All the preceding notices are supposed to belong to Scirpus Eriop- • horum, Michx., var. cyperinum. Gray, which seems to be the common form. Var. laxus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565. Sc\rpV:S Enophorum, Michx., var. laxus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565. This is distinguished from all the other forms by its scattered heads, but more particularly by the long pedicelled lateral heads and sessile middle one. Along the Eestigouche, near Campbellton, N.B. ; wet mea- dows, Whycocomagh, Cape Breton ; common at Belleville, Ont. ; also Flat Rock Portage, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 103 (248V.) E. lineatum, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant., III., 1052. Scirpus lineatus, Vahl. ; Michx., PI. I., 32 ; Pursh, Fl. I. 56 ; Gray, Man. Ed. v., 566. Eare and apparently confined to south-western Ontario. Wet gravelly river flats, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.') Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Low ground at the southern end of Pel^e'Point, Lake Brie. (Maeoun & Burgess.) (2488.) E. alpinum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 230. E. Hudsonianum, Michx., Fl. I.. 34. Trichophorum alpinum, Pursh, Fl. I., 57. *Peat bogs and cold swamps ; common northward. Mahone Bay, Cape Breton. (Sommers, Gat.) Bog near Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Maeoun & Burgess.) Aspy Bay, Cape Breton. (McKay.) Grand Falls of Nepisiquit, and near St. John ; St. Francis, and Lily Lake ; Andover, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Charlo, N.B. (Fletcher.) Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti; bogs along the Gasp^ coast, and at Trois Pistoles, Q. (Maeoun.) St. Charles Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, Tudor, and tamarack swamps, Hun- tingdon, iN^orth Hastings ; near, Otter Head, and south of Fort William, Lake Superior ; White Eiver, north of Lake Superior ; and in bogs along Porcupine Mountain, Man. (Maeoun.) Lake Mistassini, and Eupert Eiver, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; Charlton Island, and Fort George, James Bay. {J. M. Maeoun.) From Hudson Bay to Lake Mistassini. (Hooker, Fl.) Common in marshes in Beaver Creek Valley, Selkirk Mountains. (Maeoun.) (2489.) E. vaginatum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 231, (Hares-tail.) E. cxspitosum. Host. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 5. Peat bogs and swamps from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfound- land. (Reeks.) Halifax, Truro, and Mahone Bay, Lunenburg Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Truro, N.S. ; and North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Maeoun.) Magdalen Islands. (J.Richardson.) Halifax, N.S. (Burgess.) Common in Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Common in peat bogs, Kent, and Carleton Co's. ; Lancaster, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Jupiter Eiver, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; and in bogs along the Gasp^ coast, Q. (Maeoun.) Grand Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Boggy soil. Island of Montreal. (W. F. McCrea.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bog near Kemptville, Ont. Porter.) Cedar swamps and bogs, North Hastings, Ont. ; in a swamp five miles north of Colborne, Ont. (Maeoun.) Mossy bog, near London, Ont. 104 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Beren's Eiver, and Severn River, Keewatin. (J! M. Macoun.) Bogs, Lake Nipigon, Ont. ; Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; abundant in swamps along the Bow Eiver, and frequent in marshes, Rocky Mountains ; east of Stewart's Lake, Northern British Columbia. (^Macoun.) Canada to Fort Enterprise. {Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Cumberland Islands. (Parry.) Banff, Rocky Mountains. (Prof. Fowler.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2490.) E. russeolum, Pries. E. vaginatwm, var. y., Hook., Fl. II., 231. Rather uncommon in bogs eastward. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Coast of Labrador. (Butler.) Magdalen Islands. (McKay.) B(%, Straits of Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Bog, near Richibueto; Cape Bald, Port Elgin, Hillsborough, Cape Enrage; Chipman, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bog, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Table Top Mountain, G-asp^, Q. (Porter.) (2491.) E. capitatum, Host. ; Hook., El. II., 231. E. Scheuchzeri, Hoppe. ; Rothr. Alask., 457. E. Chamissonis, C. A. Meyer; Eotbr. Alask., 457. Peat bogs and river margins, chiefly westward. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Labrador. (Butler.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Hudson Bay, lat. 56°. (J. M. Macoun.) Bogs, Porcu- pine Mountain, Man. ; common along the Bow River, at Castle Mt. and bordering the marshes along the Columbia, between Golden City and Donald ; in marshes along Beaver Creek, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Stewart's Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Island Lake, B.C. (Hill.) Lost-Lake, Cedar Hill, near Victoria, and Westwood's swamp, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Swamps on Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Kotzebue Sound, Sitka and Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alask.) Fort Churchill, and northward to Repulse Bay and Cape Lady Pelly. (Br. Bae.) Point Barrow. (John Murdoch.) Cumberland Island. (Parry.) From Quebec to the swamps on the summits of the Rocky Mountains, ard to the Arctic coasts and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Kennedy, lat. 72°. (Br. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. p., Hook., Fl. II., 231. E. ccUlitrix, Cham. ; Eothr. Alask., 457. Island of St. Lawrence. (Bothr. Alask.) The leaves in this variety are scabrous. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 105 (2492.) E. Virginicum, Linn.; Michx., PI. I., 34; Pursh, Fl. I., 58; Hook, Fl. II.,231. Not uncommon in boga eastward. Newfoundland. {Reeks.) Brigus, Newfoundland. {B. Bell.') Magdalen Islands. (J. Bichardson.) Pictou, and Guysboro Co., N.S. (McKay.) Pictou, N.S. (Burgess.) Cale- donia, Gruysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common in bogs ia northei-n counties ; Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ouatcheobou ; Valcartier, Q. (St. Gyr.) Boggy margins of small lakes, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Marsh west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Tamarack swamps, Hastings Eoad, and Marmora, Hastings Co. Ont. ; swamp, five miles north of Col borne, Ont. (Macoun.) Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont. ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Mer Bleue, Ottawa ; Port Colborne, Lake Ez-ie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Yar. album, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. Wool quite white, heads much smaller. In a bog near the town of North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) <2493.) E. polystachyon, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. L, 58; Hook., Fl. II., 231. E. polystachyon, /3., Michx., Fl. I., 34. E. polystachyon, L., var. latifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. Very common in marshes and bogs, under various forms, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Becks.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Bichardson.) Aspy Bay, Cape Breton ; and Magdalen Islands. {McKay.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common in bogs throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler Cat.) Bake Apple Bog, North Sydney, Cape Breton ; and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Hunting Island, Mingan ; Ouatchechou, and St. Sauveur, Q. (St. Gyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Jessup's Swamp and common north- ward, from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) The Dell, Ancaster, near Lon- don, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont. ; Lake of the Woods, and Eosseau Eiver, Man. (Burgess.) Swamp near Turtle Mountain, Man. (Millman.) Between Badger Creek and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson.) Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant at Flat, and Gopher creeks, Man.; swamps. Bear Hills, Alberta; rather common from Morley westward through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, B.C. ; on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, and along the shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Norton Sound to Point 106 QEOLOGICAI, SURVEY OF CANADA. Barrow and the Arctic coast. (Botkr. Alask.) Canada to the Eocky Mountains, and to the Arctic sea-shore and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Between Fort Churchill and York Factory. (Br. Bae.) Port Kennedy, lat. 72°. (Dr. Walker.) Nottingham, and Digge's islands, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Yar. angustifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. E. angustifolium, Eoth. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 58 ; Hook., Fl. II., 231. Doubtless many of the references under var. latifolium belong here, but we had no means of determining, and so placed them all under the general head. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.') North Sydney, Cape Breton, and Yarmouth, N.S. ; marshes, Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. ; bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; peaty swamps, near Belleville, Ont. ; Eed Eock, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2494.) E. gracile, Koch.; Hook., Fl. IL, 23L E. angustifolium, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 359. Peat and other bogs, common eastward. Newfoimdland. (Cormack.) Bogs, Windsor, and Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Goldenville, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Dartmouth, N.S. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Eather common at Bass Eiver ; Lancaster, N.B. (FovMr, Cat.) Dow's swamp and other places, Ottawa; uncommon. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Dr. Jessup's swamp and northward from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Loboro Lake, Ont. (Prof . Fowler.) Swamp, a little east of Belleville, Ont. ; Big Swamp, Murray, and in marshy meadows near Trenton, Northumberland Co. ; Chicken Bay, shore of Lake Huron, and marshy spots, Point Aux Pins, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Chm-chill Eiver, and York Factoi-y, Hudson Bay. Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Saskatchewan to the Arctic sea. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Yar. paucinervium, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 566. Mossy bog near London, Ont. (Millman. Burgess.) 668. RHYNCHOSPORA, Vahl. (BEAK-RUSH.) (2495.) R. fusca, Eoem. & Schultes, Syst. II., 81. R. alba, p., fusca, Pursh, Fl. I., 49. Schcenus fuscus, Linn-, Sp. II., 1664. Peat bogs and beaver meadows. Peat bogs. North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Near Hampton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) OATALOQTIE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. lOt Hampstead; Trout Lake, Charlotte Co., N.B. {Brittain.) Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, North Hastings, Ont. {Macmn.') Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) (2496.) R. alba, Vahl. ; Hook., PI. 11., 233 ; Pursh, PI. T., 49. Schanus albm, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 5. Peat bogs and beaver meadows, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Beeks.) North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Liscomb Eiver, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Wet bogs near Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Peat bogs, near Eichi- bucto; border of Clifton Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Charlotte Co., KB. (Vroom.) Hampton, N.B. (Brittain.) Mer Bleue, Ont., and Lake Flora, Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; Beaver meadow. Hooper's Lake, and rear of Samuel Baker's Farm, Huntingdon, North Hastings ; Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; border of South Lake, Snowden, Victoria Co., Ont. : marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. , Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Shore of Home Lake, near Qualicum, and at Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) (249'7.) R. capillacea, Torr., Fl. I., 55. Schtenus setaceus, Muhl. Gram., 6. Beaver meadows. Hooper's Lake, and northward along the Hastings Eoad, Tudor, Hastings Co. ; abundant in grassy places, Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario, and in a marsh at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Niagara Falls, and London, Ont. (Burgess.) (2498.) R. glomerata, Vahl.; Pursh, Fl. L, 48; Hook., PI. II., 233. Schcenus glomeratws, Linn. ; Muhl. Gram. 8. S. capitellaius, Michx., Fl. I., 36. Beaver meadow. Hooper's Lake, Hastings Eoad, and beaver mea- dow in rear of Samuel Baker's Farm, Huntingdon, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Moon Eiver, Muskoka Co. ; and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) 669. CLADIUM, R. Br., Hist. Jam., 114. (TWIG-RUSH.) (2499.) C. mariscoides, Torr. Cyp., 372. Schoenus mariscoide* M.uh\. ; Torr., Fl. I., 54. Not very common, but occasionally met with in marshes. Marsh, 108 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. North Sydney, Cape Bz-eton. (Macoun &, Burgess.) Upper Stewiacke, N.S. {McGill Coll. Serb.) Potters Lake, near St. Stephen, KB. ( Vroom.) Grassy points, running into Brighton Harbor, on the north side of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario; swamp in Killadar, Addington Co. ; on a mud flat at the junction of the Peterson and Bobcaygeon roads, Yictoria Co. ; marshes, Point Edward, St. Clair Eiver, Ont. (Macoun.) Blackstone Lake, and Port Cockhm-n, Muskoka Co., Ont. {Burgess.) 670. SCLERIA, Berg. (NUT-RUSH.) (2500.) S. triglomerata, Michx., Fl. II., 168; Pui-sh, Fl. I., 46. In a sandy thicket, near London, Ont. ; very rare. (Burgess.) (2501.) S. verticillata, Muhl.; Pursh, Fl. L, 45. Hypoporum verticillatum, Nees. ; Torr. Cyp., 384. Very abundant on grassy points running into the marshes bordering Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario, 1865. (Macoun.) 671. KOBRESIA, Willd. Spec. PI. IV., 205. (2502.) K. scirpina, Willd.; Eich. App., Ed. IL, 34. Elyna spicata, Sohrad. ; Hook., Fl. II., 228. On the summits of the Eocky Mountains, around Kicking Horse Lake. {Macoun.) Shady places on the Eocky Mountains ; barren grounds, between lat. 64° and the Arctic Sea. (Sooker, Fl.) Green- land. (Lange.) Arctic coast. (Bothr. Alask.) (2503.) K. caricina, Willd. Elyna caricina, Mart. & Koch. ; Hook., Fl. II., 228. On the summits of the Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mt. and Kick- ing Horse Lake. (Macoun.) Dry banks of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) 672. CAREX, Linn. Gen. 1046. (SEDGE.) I. Spike solitary and simple. Terminal and androgynous. Colored. * Bracts scale-like. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 109 Stigmas II. (2504.) C. nardina, Fi-ies. Mant. II., 55 (1835.) C. Repbumii, Boott.Hook., Fl. II., 209 (1840.) On mountain summits, and in the arctic regions. ISTottingham Island, off Cape "Wolstenholme, Hudson Strait. {B. Bell.) "The Twins," James Bay. {J. M. Macoun.) Eastern summit of ISTorth Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. {JDawson.) On the more elevated summits of the Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain westward to Mount Stephen ; summit of Stewart's Lake Mountain, B.C. {Macoun.) Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) Greenland. {Lange.) (2505.) C. capitata, Linn. Sp. PI. Ed. II., 1381; Hook., El. II., 208. Hudson Bay, and Eocky Mounntains. {Hooker, Fl.) Greenland {Lange.) We have no Canadian specimens of this species. (2506.) C. fllifolia, Nuttall, Gen. N. Am. PI. IL, 204 (1818); Hook Fl. IL, 208. Uncinia breviseta, Terr. Cyp., 428, (1836.) Kobresia globvJaris, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 253, (1836.) Dry gravelly soil, Qa'Appelle Valley, near Fort Ellice, ; abundant on hillsides at Morley, and in the foothills of the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Oarleton House, on the Saskatchewan ; also in the Eocky ilountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2507.) C. dioica, Linn. Sp. PL, 972. Along the Eiver St. Lawrence, at Grand Metis, Q. (Pringle.) There is much doubt regarding Pringle's specimens, as Prof. Bailey does not include this species in his catalogue of North American Carices. I have not seen Pringle's specimens. (2508.) C. gynocrates, Wormsk. in Herb. Hornm. C. dioica, Schweinitz & Torrey, Mon. (1824); Hook., Fl. IL, 208. C. dioica, Linn., var. Davalliana, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 283, (1826.) C. Redowsh'ana, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. t. 4, (1830.) C. monosperma, Macoun, in Herb.; Bailey Carex. Cat. (1882.) a nigricans, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 249, (1836.) Cedar and other swamps throughout the country. Eestigouche Co. ^ Arthm-ette, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Belledune, IST.B. (Chalmers.) Bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Low's Swamp and other localities, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Belleville, and in bogs, jSTorth Hastings ; also Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont, (Macoun.) Swamp at Saugeen, Ont. (Burgess.) Abundant in swamps- 110 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. around Lake Superior, and at Eed Eock, ISTipigon Eiver ; swamps along the Eed Deer Eiver, at the head of Lake Winnipegoosis, lat. 53° ; common in bogs and swamps from Morley westward through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Cai-leton House, on Saskatchewan, to the Ai-ctic sea ; also Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. {Lange.) Churchill Eiver, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. {R. Bell. Dr. Rae.) Stigmas III. (2509.) C. leiocarpa, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 208, t. 5, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 208. C. anthoxantha,'Pre,&\. Eeliq. Haenk, 203, vide BcEckeler; Hook., Fl. II., 209. Near the glacier on the Stikine Eiver. (Cowley.) Sitka and Ouna- lashka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2510.) C. circinata, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 209, t. 6, (1830); Hook., Fl. II., 209. Sitka. (Barclay.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Our specimens were collected by Barclay. (2511.) C. Lyoni, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 209. Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) According to Drummond, who collected in the Eocky Mountains, between the Athabasca and lat. 55°. Since his time no collections have been made in that region. (2512.) C. nigricans, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 210, t. t, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 210. C. Pyrenaica, Torr. Cyp., 403, (1836.) "Western summit of North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Daw- son.) Very common on the summits of the higher Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mt. westward to the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,600 feet. (Macoun.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2513.) C. Pyrenaica, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 139, (1802.) C. mieropoda, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 210, t. 6, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. nigricans, Torr. Cyp., 402, (1836.) C. Bavalliana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVIII., 271, (1835.) Abundant on the summits of the high mountains at Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,500 feet. (Macoun,.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alasle.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. Ill (2514.) C. exilis, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., 351, (1828.) Peat bogs and tamarack swamps. Newfoaadland. {La Pylaie.) Peat bog at the head of the North-west Arm, Halifax, JST.S. ; bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Lakeville ; Trout Lake, near St. George, jST.B. (Brittain.) MerBleue, near Ottawa. (^Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2515.) C. pauciflora, Lightf.Pl. Scot., 543, t. 6, (lYTT); Hooker, Fl. II., 210. C. leucoglochin. Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 42, (1826.) Peat bogs, and cedar and other swamps, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. {Meehs.) Wet boggy ground at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bog near St. John ; mouth of the.Madawaska ; and Chipman, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In bogs, Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; summit of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Ga8p<5, Q. (Maeoun.) Swamps at Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Gyr.) Abundant in a swamp Kennebec, Addington Co., Ont. {Maeoun.) Border of a peat swamp at London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Swamp, One-mile Portage, Nipigon Eiver. (Maeoun.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of Langford Lake, Goldstream, Vancouver Island. (Maeoun.) Eocky Mountains; (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) (2516.) C. microglochin, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 140, (1802) ; Hook. Fl. IL, 210. Boggy ground. North Twin Island, James Bay, ISSt. {J. M. Maeoun.) Common in boggy places and along rivers and small streams, from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley, 1885. (Maeoun.) Easily distinguished from 0. pauci- flora, by " a conspicuous projecting racheola'' which takes the place of the stiff persistent style in that species. (2517.) C. polytrichoides, Muhl. in Willd. (1802); Pursh, Fl. L, 39; Hook., PL IL, 209. C. leptalea, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handi. XXIV., 139, (1803.) C. microitachya, Michx., Fl. II., 169, (1803.) Swamps and bogs throughout Canada from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) In a swamp at Truro, N.S. {Uacoun.) Eather common at Bass Eiver; Spurr's Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; Cape Eosier, and near Point Fame, Gasp^ coast. (Maeoun.) Beaumont swamps, and Mingan, Q. (St. Gyr.) Swamps at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Abun- dant in black ash, elm, and cedar swamps throughout central Ontario. 112 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Low grounds around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (JJogie.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Owen Sound, Ont. ; common around Lake Superior and up the Nipigon Eiver; swamps at Port Arthur, and westward through the forest coun- try and prairie to Brandon, Man. (Macoun.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, IST.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in swamps and bogs from Morley westward through the Eocky Moun- tains, to the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; . boggy places at Nanaimo and on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Swamp near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Hudson Bay to Norway House, north of Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2518.) C. SCirpoidea, Michx., Fl. L, lYl, (1803) ; Pursh, PI. I., 34; Hook., PI. IL, 208. C. Michauxii, Schwein. An. Tab. I., 64, (1823.) C. WormskioldiaTia, Schwein. & Torr. I., 294, (1824.) C. scirpina, Tuckerman, Enum. Math. 8, (1843.) Cold boggy places or mountain summits. Summit of Mount Albert^ Shickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Bog at Sydney Mine, Cape Breton ; Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Eed, and Chicken bays, Lake Huron, Ont. (Macoun.) Swamp between Badger Creek and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson. Burgess.) Severn Lake, Kee- watin ; Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) G-riswold, Man. (Bur- man.) Not uncommon on the prairies, from Brandon north-westward to Edmonton ; abundant in boggy meadows, from Morley westward through the Eocky, and Selkirk mountains, B.C. ; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,500 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Fort Nor- man, Mackenzie Eiver; Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Arctic sea-coast. (Richardson.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2519.) C. obtusata, Liljeblad, Kongl. Acad. Handl. (1793) ; Hook., Fl. IL, 209. C. affinis, B. Br. Eich. App. Frankl. Narr., 763, (1823) ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. JRackkma, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 250, (1836.) C. obesa, var- monostachya, Boeckeler, Linnsea XLI., 185- Abundant in the prairie region on gravelly slopes, and amongst the foot-hills. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Near Moose Mountain Creek, Soiu-is Plain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Port Qu'Appelle, Assini- boia. (Fletcher.) Quite common on dry slopes, from Portage la Prairie westward to the Eocky Mountains, and northward throughout the Saskatchewan region ; on dry gravelly slopes in the foot-hills at Morley, and westward to Canmore, in the Eocky Mountains ; Bridge CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 115 Creek, Fraser Eiver, B.C. {Macoun.) Carleton House, Saskatchewan Eivcr and wooded country northward ; Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.y (2520.) C. rupestris, Allioni, PI. Fed. II., 264, t. 92, (1823.) C. atienuata, R. Brown, Rich. App. Frankl. Voy., 763, (1823.) C. Drummondiana, Dew. Journ. XXIX., 251, (1836.) C. rupestris, var. Drummondiana, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) Border of the first mountain gorge west from Kananaskis Station, Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Fort Norman, Mackenzie Eiver ; Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2521.) C. ursina, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXTIL, 240, (1835.) C. glareosa, var. csespitosa, Boeek. ; Bailey, Carex, Syn. No. 212, (1886.) C. glareosa, var. ursina, Bailey, Carex. Cat. (1884.) Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) * * Bracts foliaceous. Green. (2522.) C. Backii, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 210, (1840.) C. Willdenovii, Gray, Gram. & Cyp. II., No. 169, in part. Not uncommon on dry, grassy and rocky places; in open woods and thickets. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Port Colborne, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Carleton Place, Ont.; dry ground at Belleville and Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; Bald Island, Balsam Lake, Victoria Co.; Nipigon Eiver, north of Lake Superior; Portage la Prairie, and thickets near Brandon, and Eapid City, Man.; valley of the Fraser Eiver, at Boston Bar, B.C. (Macoun.) On the Saskatche- Eiver, at Cumberland House and Fort Carleton ; Lake "Winnipeg and. Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2523.) C. Willdenovii, Schk. (1806); Pursh, Fl. L, 39, (1814.) On a sandy island in the Lake of the Woods, near the mouth of Eainy Eiver, 1872. (Macoun.) (2524.) C. Steudelii, Kunth. 'Enum. PI. II.,480, (1837.) C. Willdenuvii, var. Muhl. Gram. 230, (1817.) On banks along Lake Erie, at Port Stanley ; chiefly on clay bluffs west of the railway terminus, 1882. (Macoun.) (2525.) C. Ceyeri, Boott, Linn. Trans. XX., 18, (1846.) Western summit of North Kootanie Pass Eocky Mountains, 1883^ (Dawson.) 114 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. II. Spike composed of sessile and androgynous, or rarely dicecious spikelets. Stigmas II. * Sf/ikes dicecious, or the spikelets androgynous with the male and female flowers irregularly intermixed. (2526.) C. bromoides, Schk. (1802); Pursh, Fl. I., 35, (1814); Hook., Fl. II., 212. Swamps and wet graasy places ; i-ather rare. Marsh near Trm-o, N.S. {Macoun.) Pollet Eiver and Portage, Petitcodiac; Arthurette, and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, ' Fl. Ott.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Piece of damp woods east of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Swamps near Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logic.) Bogs and swamps at London, and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) British America ; Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2527.) C. Siccata, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 278, (1826) : Hook., Fl. II., 212. C. pallida, C. A; Meyer, Cyp. Nov. No. 21, (1830.) Dry gravelly, or sandy soil, having a wide range to the north-west- -ward. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Grand Trunk gravel pit, near Prescott, and woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Dry thickets east and west of Belleville, Ont. ; Eice Lake Plains, and aandy ground generally throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicin- ity of London, Ont. ; Lake of the Woods, and Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Eed Eiver prairie, lat. 49°. (Dawson.) Stony Mountain, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) Bast coast of Lake Nipigon, and at the Pic and Michipicotin ■rivers. Lake Superior ; Point Meuron, and Kakabeka Falls, Kaminis- tiqua Eiver ; very abundant in many parts of the prairie region, especially on gravelly slopes ; common on dry hill-sides, at Morley and westward to Canmore in the Eocky Mountains ; abundant around Cache Creek, and on the dry slopes near Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) Methy Portage and Saskatchewan Eiver. (Richardson.) Pelly Eiver, lat. 63°. N.W.T. (Dawson.) Cumberland House, Saskatchewan Eiver ; Lake Winnipeg and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2528.) C. disticha, Hudson, Fl. Angl, 403, (1762.) a intermedia, Good. Linn. Trans. II., 154, (1792) ; Hook., Fl. II., 212. a Sartwelln, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 90, (1842.) Marshes and margins of bogs, rather local. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Eiver side, Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Ditch along the G. T. Eailway, between the wooden bridges, Belleville ; also on Bleecker's Farm, west of the college, and on Ferry Point, south of Belleville Ont. ; abundant CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 115 in marshes, from Winnipeg westward and northward to the Eocky Mountains; rather common in marshes and on the borders of ponds at Morley and westward to Oanmore, within the Rocky Mountains. ■(Macoun.) Port Carleton, on the Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, Fi.) (2529.) C. Douglas! i, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 213, (1840.) C. NuttalHi, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 92, (1842.) C. Meekii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIV., 48, (1857.) C. Douglasii var. minor, Olney, Bot King's Exp, V., 363, (1871.) C. Fendleriana, Boeckeler, Linneea XXXIX., 135, (1875.) C. Douglasii, var. dmsi-spicata. Dew. Sill. Journ. XXXII., 41, (1861.) Abundant on dry sand or gravel, creeping like 0. siccata amongst loose stones and throwing up stems at intervals. In the Qa'Appelle valley at Port Ellice, and for many miles to the west; on sand-hills "west of Moose Jaw, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Souris Plain, near Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Rocky Mountains. { Hooker, Fl.) Red River prairie, lat. 49°, Man. (Dawson.) (2530.) C. marcida, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 212, (1840.) Yery abundant on the whole prairie region, from the margin of the woods on the east, to the Rocky Mountains, and northward through the whole Saskatchewan country. (Maroun.) Souris Plain, Assini- boia. (J. M. Macoun.) Red River, Man. ; in a prairie swamp. (Dawson.) Abundant in marshy meadows at Morley, and westward to Castle Mountain within the Eocky Mountains; margins of ponds at Kam- loops and Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) <2531.) C. Cayana, Desv. Fl. Chili, 205. Not uncommon in mountain marshes at Kananaskis Station, Rocky Mountains, lat. 51°, 1885. (Macoun.) *■ * Spikelets androgynous, aggregated, or partly aggregated at the top of the stem. , t Spikelets male at top. <2532.) C. vulpinoidea, Michx., Fl. I., 69, (1803.) C. muUiflora, Mubl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II., 212; Pursh, Fl. I., 36. a setacea, Dew. Sill. Journ- IX., 61, (1825.) C. scabnor, Sartw.; Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 349, (1849.) C. vvipinseformis, Tuokerman, Enum. Meth., 9, (1843.) C bracteosa, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. mvltiflora, var. microsperma, Dew. Sill. Journ. XT., 317,(1826.) Abundant in many places throughout eastern Canada. Near St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Near Andover ; Hampton, N.B. (Brittain.) 116 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Wetmore.) Beaumont, Beauport and La. Canardiire, Q. {St. Oyr.) Near Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Montreal Mountain. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Abundant in wet meadows throughout central Ontario, and. westward to the last portage on Nipigon River, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Boggy ground, London, Ont. {Burgess. Mlllman.) Black Eiver, Lake Winnipeg, {J. M. Macoun.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) Canada^ {Hooker, Fl.) (2533.) C. teretiuscula, Good.,Linn. Trans. 11,163,(1792); Hook., Fl. II., 213. C. terethtscula, var. major, Koch., Fl. Germ., 867. . C. paniculata, var. teretiuscvia, AVahl. (1803) ; Torr. Cyp. 390. Eather common in marshes and by lake margins from the Atlantic^ to the Pacific. Bogs, Truro, and Windsor, N.S. {Macoun ) Swamps, Kouchibouguac, and Salmon rivers, N.B. (^Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, ^.B. {Chalmers.) Bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at Fox Eiver, G-asp^, Q. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Com- mon in marshes at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Common in marshes along the Bay of Quinte, and in all tamarack swamps, and by ponds thi-oughout central Ontario ; Blackwater Eiver, Lake Nipigon, north- of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Swamps, London, Ont. {Burgess. Mill- man.) Lake Mistassini, and Eupert Eiver, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) York Factory, Hudson Bay. (iJ. Bell.) In marshes and on the margins of ponds through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, and westward through British Columbia to the coast; in swamps and marshes near Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, and westward to the Eocky Mountains.. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. ramosa, Boott. 111., 145, (1858.) C.prairea, Dew., "Wood's Botany, 750, (1861.) C.paradoxa, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 213, (1840.) Generally westward, especially in the prairie region. Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; marshy border of Bound Lake, Peter- boro Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Brie. {McGill ColL Herb.) Very common in marshes throughout Manitoba and westward over the whole of the great plains, and foot-hills of the Eocky Moun- tains, and northward to Lake Athabasca ; occasionally in the Eocky Mountains, at Castle Moimtain and in the Columbia Valley ; borders of marshes and lakes at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Qualicum, Nanaimo and Alberni, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Marshes near Victoria, Van- couver Island. {Fletcher) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. IIT <2534.) C. stipata, Muhl. Cat. (1805) ; Pursh, PI. I., 35. C. vulpinoidea, Torr. (1836) ; Hook., Fl. IL, 212. C. Orus-corvi, Shuttleworth ; Sommers, Cat., Nova Scotia Plants. Very common in ditches and wet meadows, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax, and Anna- polis, N.S. (Macoun.) Near Bedford, N.S. (Sommers, Gat.) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Common at Bass Eiver ; Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.} Tadousac, mouth of Saguenay Eiver, Q. (Bamston.) Water Cove, Saguenay Eiver, Pentecost Eiver, and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Murray Bay, Eiver St. Lawrence; also St. Andrews, Q. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Wet meadows near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Por- ter.) Abundant in meadows and ditches throughout central Ontario and extending westward to Lake Nipigon, at the mouth of the Blackwater Eiver. (Macoun.) Swamps, vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) -Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Muskeg Creek, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Marshy places along Lake Winnipegoosis, and at Swan Lake House, Man. ; Columbia Yalley, at Donald, B.C. ; in ditches at Somenos, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Wet places, Agassisi Station, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2535.) C. alopecoidea, Tiickerman, Enum. Meth., 18, (1843.) C alopecoidea, var. sparsi-spicata, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 350, (1849,) C. cephalophora, var. maxima, Dew- Sill. Journ. XLIII., 92, (1842.) Very rare in Canada. Only collected hitherto in Manitoba. Turtle Mountain, Man., near lat. 49°, 1874. (Burgess. Dawson.) (2536.) C. sparganioides, Muhl. Cat. (1805) ; Pursh, Fl. L, 36. a ceplkalophora, /?. Torr. Cyp. 389, (1836.) C. sparganioides, var. minor, Boott. 111., No. 284. C. muricata, var. cephaloidea. Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 308, (1326.) Grassy thickets, and by fences ; chiefly in western Ontario. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's woods, and in fields, not common, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Open grassy woods and along fences ; scarce at Belleville, Ont. ; abundant in rich low woods, near Amherstburgh, Lake Erie, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton? ■Ont. (Logie.) Low meadows, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2537.) C. macrocephala, Willd. ; Hook., Fl. II., 215, (1840.) C. Menziedana, Smith, Herb, (xrowing in sand on Savary Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C., 1885. (^Dawson.) This is a most remarkable species, and has a very striking 118 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. appearance. Like most plants growing in sea-sand, it is short and. stout. (Macmn.) North West coast. {Hooher, Fl.) (2538.) C. cephaloidea, Boott, 111. 123, (1858.) Sandy woodland near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2539.) C. cephalophora, Muhl. (1805) ; Hook., Fl. IL, 212. Not uncommon in Ontario, in grassy thickets from Belleville west- ward. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Brie. {McG-ill Coll. JSerb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Thickets, near London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Var. angustifolia, Boott. HI., 123, (1858.) C. Leavenworthii, Dew. Sill. Journ. II., 246, (1846.) In abundance in rooky and grassy thickets on Pel^e Island, Lake- Brie. (Macoun.) • (2540.) C. Muhlenbergii, Schk. (1806) ; Pursh, Bl. I., 36; Hook., Fl. II., 212. Eather uncommon in grassy thickets and open woods. On a ridge near Marmora Village, Hastings Co. ; Pel^e Point, Lake Brie, and Port Dover Junction, near St. Thomas, Ont. (Macoun.) Meadows near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Hudson Bay. (Torrey.) (2541.) C. Brongniartii, Kunth. var. densa, Bailey, Carex,., Syn., No. 241, (1886.) C. anthericoides, Presl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 211. (?) C. paniodaia, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 232, (1880.) Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island. (Hooker, Fl.) (2542.) C. leiorhyncha, C. A. Meyer, Gyp. Nov. (1830.) Along the Pacific coast, probably from Oregon northward. (Bailey.) Specimens referred here were gathered at Yale, British Columbia, May, 1875. (Macmn.) (2543.) C. muricata, Linn., var. gracilis, Boott, 111., 193, (1858.) G Hookeriana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 248, (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 212_ Abundant in many parts of the prairie region, but particulai-ly in the Qu'Appello Valley and at Moose Jaw, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Carleton House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 119i Var. conflxa, Bailey, Coulter's, Bot. Gaz. X., 203, (1885.) C. Roodii, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 232, in part, (1880.) C. muricata, Hook., Fl. II., 212, (?) (1840.) Oregon, and northward into British America. {Bailey.) North West coast. {Hooker, Fl.) We have seen no specimens. (2544.) C. rosea, Schk. (1806) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 36 ; Hook., Fl. II., 212. Abundant in -thickets in many parts of the eastern provinces and Ontario. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) North Mountain, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Petitcodiac, and Portage, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Nepisiquit Eiver, N. B. (Bay.) Vicinity of Calumet, Q. {Ami.) Stewart's Bush, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Moist woods and along the margins of fences and in new meadows throughout central Ontario, and westward to Lake Huron, at Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Thickets at London, Ont.; Emerson, and Tortle Mountain, Man. (Burgess.) In a swamp, Eed Eiver Valley, Man. (Dawson.) Lake Winnipeg. ' (Bourgeau.) Var. radiata, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 276, (1826.) C. neglecta, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth., 19,(1843.) C. rosea, var. minor, Boott. III., 81, (1858.) Open grassy woods, at Picton, Prince Edward Co. ; damp woods at. Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont ; at Niagara Falls, in oak woods, and in woods at Amherstbiirgh, Lake Ei-ie. (Macoun.) Var. retroflexa, Torrey, Cyp. 383, (1836.) C. retroflexa, Muhl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 35 ; Hook., Fl. II., 212 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2050. British America. (Torrey.) Moist woods, William Anderson's Farm, Ameliasburgh, Prince Edward Co., Ont. (Macoun.) (2545.) C. Hoodii, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 211, (1840.) C. congesta, C. A. Meyer, videfkoott. In grassy thickets. Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Nachacco Eiver, and McLeod's Lake, northern British Columbia, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) (2546.) C: incurva, Lightf. (1777); Hook., Fl. IL, 211. On the summit of the mountain which rises north from Kicking Horse Lake, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Camberland House, Bear Lake, and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Valley of the Mackenzie Eiver. (Richardson.) Greenland. (Lange.) 120 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. • (254Y.) C. stenophylla, Vahl. (1803); Hook., Fl. II., 211. C. dunuscula, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov., 214, (1831.) Not uncommon throughout the prairie region, from Portage la Prairie westward to Kananaskis Station in the Eocky Mountains. •{Macoun.) Prairie west of Turtle Mountain, Man. {Dawson.) Carletoa House, on the Saskatchewan ; Eocky. Mountains. (Hooker, FL) <2548.) C. chordorhiza, Ehrh.; Hook., Fl. II., 211. C.fulvicoma. Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 249, (1836) ; Hook., FL II., 211. Peat bogs and marshes, generally northward. Shippegan, ^N'.B. '{May.) Lakeville, Carleton Co., KB. {Brittain.) Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti; marsh at the mouth of the Kaministiqua, on the left bank. {Macoun.) Marshes, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Peat marsh. Telegraph Ti-ail, lat. 54°, B.C. {Macoun.) Hudson Bay to Cumberland House ; Lake Winnipeg, Norway House and Cumberland House, Saskatchewan Eiver. {Sooker, Fl.) t t Spikelets male at bottom. '(2549.) C. festlva, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 246, (1836); Hook., FI. II., 215. C. oreades, C. A. Meyer, Bull. Acad. Brux. IX., 248, (1842). Very abundant from the prairie region westward to the Pacific coast, in thickets and meadows. "White Mud Eiver, 49th parallel : Michel Creek, Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) In coulees and willow clumps. Cypress and Eagle Hills, and northward to Lesser Slave Lake ; common in damp meadows and thickets, from Morley through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, and northward in British Columbia; very abundant in meadows and thickets throughout Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Cumberland House to Bear Lake ; Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, FL) Fi-aser Eiver, near Tale, B.C. {Fletcher.) Lake Lindeman, lat. 59°, B.C. {Dawson.) Shuswap Lake, JB.C. {Prof. Fowler.) Greenland. {Lange.) Vai-. Haydeniana, W. Boott, Bot. Calif II., 234, (1880.) a Haydeniana, Olney, Bot King's Exp. V., 364, (1871.) On the summits of the higher Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mt. to Kicking Horse Lake. {Macoun.) Var. gracilis, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad., 40*7, (1872.) On the beds of " snow slides" at the summit of the Selkirk Moun- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 121 tains, and at Golden City, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; abundant in ineadows and thickets in many parte of Vancouver Island, especially at Victoria and Nanaimo. {Macoun.') <2550.) C. athrostachya, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad. VII., 393, (1871.) Grassy thickets and meadows, growing in lai-ge clumps. Abundant in the Cypress and Bear Hills, Alberta; in British Columbia, at McLeod's Lake, lat. 55° ; quite common in meadows and thickets in the neighborhood of Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Jfacown.) (2551.) C. sychnocephala, Carey, Sill. Journ. IV., 24, (1847.) C. cyperoides. Dew. Sill. Journ. III., 171, (1847.) Quite common in many localities in Ontario and the prairie region. -Always found growing in tufts in ditches and wet, sandy places. Ditches along the Canadian Pacific railway, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Near the Freight House, Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Millpond, Madoc Village ; in a meadow along the Moira Eiver, Mar- ~mora township, and along Crow Eiver, near Marmora village, all in Hastings Co. ; abundant along the Port Hope and Lindsay Eailroad, three miles south of Lindsay; border of a swamp five miles from Owen ^Sound, on the road to Southampton, Ont.; abundant on the margin of ponds, from Manitoba westward to near Battleford, on Battle Eiver. (Macoun.) Quite common in gravel and wet sand, on the west shore •of Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) * * * Spikelets distinct or nearly so. f Spikelets male at top. (2552.) C. tenella, Schkuhr, Eiedgr. 104, (1801.) a disperma, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII.. 266, (1824) ; Hook., Fl. II., 211. a gramlis, Gray, Sill. Journ. IV., 22, (1847.) Abundant in cedar swamps and wet woods generally, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Truro, and. sphagnum swamp at the head of the North "West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Bichardson.) Near Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Damp shady woods, Bass Eiver, N.B. [Fowler, Cat.) 'Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Bogs at Salt Lake and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Gyr.) Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Eecollet Swamp, Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) Abundant at Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Dow's Swamp and other places at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marshy 122 GEOLOGICAL SUaVEY OP CANADA. swamp near Prescott Junction, Ont. {^Billings.') Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Cedar swamps and borders of ponds throughout central Ontario, and to Lake Superior and all the northern forest region. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swampy ground, Komoka, Ont. {Millman.) Swamps at London, Ont. ; and Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Oba Lake, Ont. (iJ. Bell.) Eastern summit of North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Moun- tains. {Dawson.) In swamps in northern Manitoba, and north-westward to Peace Eiver, lat. 56° ; common in swamps at Morley and westwai-d through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Yalley ; northward through British Columbia to McLeod's Lake, lat. 55° ;. rare on Vancouver Island, only noted on Mount Mark, near Qualicum. {Macoun.) Common in British America to the Eocky Mountains.. (Hooker, Fl.) 1 1 Spikelets male at bottom. (2553.) C. trisperma, Dew. Sill. Journ. IX., 63, (1825); Hook.,, ' Fl. IL, 213. Abundant in bogs eastward from Lake Superior. Sphagnum swamp, Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Swamps and woods, Bass Eiver ; Carletoa Co., N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Tobiquo Lakes, N.B. (Brittain.) Swamps, Cape Eosier, and Grand Vallfee, Gasp^ coast ; ■ Mount Albert, Shichshock Mountains, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, and west point of Mingan Eivev, Q. (St. Cyr.) Swamps, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Olt.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Cedar swamps throughout central Ontario, and westward to the country around Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess.. Millman.) Cumberland House and Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2554.) C. remota, Linn. Sp. PI., Ed. II., 1383, (1757.) Eesembles tall and lax forms of C canescens, but differs in the much scattered spikes. Newfoundland, according to Gay, and Sitka, accord- ing Flora Eossica. (Bailey, Carex, Syn. 145.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.)- (2555.) C. tenuiflora, Wahl. (1803) ; Hook., Fl. II., 214. Swamps and peaty meadows, not common. Tobique Eiver; Potit- codiac, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. {Fletcher-, Fl. Ott.) Swamp, five miles west of Belleville, and in a cedar swamp beyond the- Jordan, Hastings Eoad, Ont. ; Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nipigon ; and in peat bogs at Eed Eock, Port Arthur, and Port William, west of' Lake Superior, and at Otter Head, on the east coast ; in wet woods^ CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 123. Swan Lake House, Man. (Macoun.) Bordei-e of a peat bog near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Norway House, Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2556.) C. canescens, Linn. Sp. II., 9Y4, (lt5Y.) C. eurfo, Good. (1792); Hcok., PI. II., 214; Pursh, Fl. I., 37; Michx., Fl. I., (1803.) C. vitilis, var. pallida, Olnej', Bot King's Exp. V., 364, (1871.) Very common under various forms in bogs and swamps from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) Coast of Labrador. {McQill Coll. Herb.) Common in bogs at Truro, Windsor, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun. & JBurgess.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Common at Bass Eiver ; Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Chipman, N.B. (Wetmore.) Oaatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Swamps, vicinity of Ottawa. (i^iJefc^er, Fl. Ott.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Marshy spots in meadows, along margins of ponds, and in peat bogs, through- out central and northern Ontario to Lake NipigOn, and west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Wet places, Emerson, Man. (Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (/. M. Macoun.) North end of Lake Winnipeg. (R. Bell.) Apparently rare in the Eocky Mountains, only observed at Kicking Horse Lake, and at Six Mile Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains ; bogs northward up the Fraser Eiver, B.C. (Macoun.) Ilgacho Brook, B. C. (Dawson.) On the borders of ponds and lakes throughout Vancouver Island, though far from common. (Macoun.) Arctic sea-coast and Methy Portage. (Richardson.) Common in British America. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka., (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) A curious form, with the spikes gathered in a glomerate almost triangular head, was collected at Langford Lake, Vancouver Island, in Juno, 1887. Var. vulgaris, Bailey, ined. (1888.) C. canescens, var. alpicola, American authors, in part- Differs from the species in its more slender culm, and laxer habit, its small spikes and usually smaller and spreading perigynia. The commonest form of C. canescens. Abundant in swamps and wet meadows. Common through the Northern States, east of the Mississippi and adja- cent Canada. (Bailey.) Common at Bass Eiver, Carleton Co., and rather common at Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bogs at Salt Lake and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) St. Charles Island, Mingan^ and Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher. Fl. Ott.) Cedar swamps, Dummer, Peterboro Co. ; north-east coast or 124 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Lake Supedor, and in swamps at Port Arthur, Thunder Bay ; Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Abundant in marshes at Swan Lake House, and around the Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; swamps near McLeod's Lake, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet,' B.C. (^Prof. Fowler.) It is .probable that some •of the above references belong to the next vai'iety, as we have not -seen the specimens. Var. alpicola, Wahl. C. gphierostycha, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIX., 44, (1845.) C. canescens, var. vitilis, Macoun Cat. No. 1968, in part, (1878.) Smaller than the species (seldom over a foot high), the culm stiff in most alpine forms, more or less slender in the subalpine forms ; spikes small and globular, or nearly so, well defined brown or tawny. Alpine -or subalpine, across the continent. (Bailey.) Marshes at Truro, and Halifax, N.S. (Burgess & Macoun.) Along the Gasp^ coast, and up the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, and on Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Q. ; Partridge Lake, North Hastings, and in a swamp near Bellville, Ont. (Macoun.) (2557.) C. arcta, Boott, 111., 155, t. 497. C. canescens, var. polystachya, Boott. ; Bich. Journ. II., 344. C. Kunzd, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad., 407, (1872.) Swamps and ditches; extending from New Brunswick westward to Yancouver Island. Petitcodiac, Hampton, Portage, and Moss Glen, King's Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Gatineau Point, near Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet shore of Lake Champlain, Q. (Pringle.) Abundant -on Long Portage, Nipigon Eiver; also on a Portage near Eainy Lake, Dawson route ; very abundant in ditches and wet meadows at Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun ) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Burrard Inlet, at Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Eainy Lake and Lake of the Woods. (Richardson.) <2558.) C. Deweyana, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823) ; Hook., Fl. II., 213. C. remota, Rich. App. Frankl. Exp. (1823) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 37. In dry grassy thickets, abundant from the Atlantic westward- Point Pleasant, near Halifax ; and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Bass "Eiver ; Petitcodiac ; Gaspereau Eiver, and Salmon River ; Aroostook Falls, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Thickets along the Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^ CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 125- Q. (Macoun.) Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Montreal Moun- tain. (C. F. McCrea.) Meadows neat- Templeton, Q. ; Port Colborne^ Ont. (McGill Coll. Herh.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) In all woods at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Woods at Carleton Place, Carleton Co., and westward thi-oughouttOntario to the west side of Lake Superior; Lake Mpigon. (Macoun ) In low thickets, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Along Lake Superior, Eainy Lake, and Lake of the Woods. {Richardson.) Punk Island, Lake Winnipeg. {J. M. Macoun.) Telegraph Trail, near Stewart's Lake, B.C. {Macoun.) Canada to Norway House, and Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. Bolanderi, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. IL, 236, (1880.) C. Bolanderi, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad. VII., 393, (1868.) Eich and damp grassy woods in numerous places on the Pacific- coast. Fraser Eiver Valley, at Yale, and Boston Bar, B.C.; abundant in thickets at Oak Bay, Goldstream, Shawnagin Lake, Cowichan Eiver, Nanaimo, Alberni, and many other localities, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Mount Finlaysbn, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Shoi-es of Burrard Inlet, at Vancouver city, B.C. {Prof.. Fowler.) Var. sparsiflora, Bailey, ined. C. Bolanderi, var. sparsiflora, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad., 407, (1872.) Plant laxer in habit than the type ; leaves narrow, spikes much smaller; peiigynium half as large, more or less excurved. The most reduced form of the species. {Bailey.) Swamps near the summit of Mount Mark, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. This is quite a dis- tinct form and closely related to the var. Bolanderi. Collected at 2,500 feet altitude, 1887. {Macoun.) (2559.) C. Norvegica, Schk. (1801); Dew. Sill. Journ. XXXIL, 38, (1861.) Abundant in numerous salt marshes at Truro, N.S. ; Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti, and from Cape Eosier to Matane, along the Gasp6 coast of the St. Lawrence. {Macoun.) Salt marsh, Shodiac, N.B. {Brittain.) Whale Cove, Grand Manan, and Back Bay, Charlotte Co.,. N.B. {Hay.) Salt marshes. Lower St. Jjawrence. {Pringle.) Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. {JRothr. Alask.) (2560.) C. brizoides, Linn., var. nemoralis, Wimmer, FU Siles. 401. Arctic America, according to Bceckeler. (Bailey, Carex, Syn. 146.) 126 GEOLOQICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2561.) C. echinata, Murray, Prodr. Goett. 76, (1770.) C. stelMata, Good., 'Linn. Trans. II., 144,(1792); Hook., Fl. IL, 214; Macoun, Cat. No. 2066. C. stellvlata, var. sterilis, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 380, (1843.) C. sterilis, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 236, (1880.) Culms stiff; spikes large, all contiguous or nearly so; perigynium large, much attenuated above. (Bailey.) Apparently commonest eastward. Only our own specimens and what have been named C. sterilis, are referred to the species. All others go with the second variety. Topsail, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) Petticodiac, N.B. (Brit- tain.) Swamps at Truro, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Glenelg, ' Urban.) Eather common in low wet meadows at Belle- ville, and westward through Ontario to Thunder Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Woodstock, Ont. (Millman.) London, and Parry Sound^ Ont. (Burgess.) Var. foenea, Torrey, Cyp. 395, (1836.) C.foenea, Willd. Enum. PI. Hort. Berol. 957, (1809.) C. straminea, var. chlorostachys, Boeckeler, Linnsea XXXIX., 118, (1875.) We have no Canadian specimens of this variety except one from Olney, which he obtained from Prof. Fowler, of Queen's College, King- ston, Ont., in 1870, collected in Kent Co., New Brunswick. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 133 Var. alata, Bailey, Carex, Oat. (1884.) C. alata, Torr. Cyp. 396, (1836.) C. alata, var. pvlchra, Olney, Exsicc. I., 14, (1870.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co., N.B., 1870. (Prof. Fowler vide Olney.) Not tincommon in thickets west of Portage la Prairie, Man. (Macoun.) Var. mixta, Bailey, Oa-ex, Sjn. 151, (1886.) C. lagopodioides, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 237, (1880.) a adusta, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 238, (1880.) This variety is the representative of C. straminea on Vancouver Island. It is rather rare, being observed only on Cedar Hill, and at JS'anaimo, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Var. moniliformis, Tnckerman, Bnum. Meth., IJ, (1843.) C.fcenea, var. (?) sabulonum, Gray, Man. EJ. V., 580,(1868 ) C. sMicea, Olney, Prooed. Am. Acad. VII., 393, (1868.) C. straminea, var. silieea, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) This variety is intended to inclade only the maritime form on the Atlantic coast. Sand beach, South Bar, North Sydney, Cape Breton ; on the beach. Point Pleasant, Halifax, iST.S. (Macoun.) Sand beaches -onthecoastatKouchibouguac, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) L'Anse ^(xriffon, Oasp^ coast. (Macoun.) Var. aperta, Boott, 111. 120. C. tenera, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIIL, 97, (1824.) C. tenera, var. major, Olney, Exsloo. II., 15, (1870.) C. straminea, var. tenera, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 381, (1885.) This form is very little known in Canada, but is very likely common in the eastern provinces, and taken either for the typo or var. tenera. It is distinguished from my tenera by its globular spikelets disposed in a loose nodding head, with a long setaceous bract at the base of the lower ■one. In damp meadows near Casselman, thirty miles south of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2p73.) C. leporina, Linn., var. Amsricana, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad., 407, (1872.) Cpetasata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 246, (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 214. C. ovalis. Good. ; Hook., Fl. II., 214, (1840.) Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Abundant in British Columbia, :at Yale, Cache Creek, Clinton, and northward to the Nachacco, and Fort McLeod, lat. 55°; also on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Stikine Eiver, above the Cafiion, and at Telegraph Creek, lat. 58°, B.C. (Dawson.) Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alask.) 134 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. III. Uppermost spikelet androgynous, male at base; the others female^ * Stigmas II. (2574.) C. bicolor, Allioni, Fl. Ped. II., 267 ; Hook., Fl. II., 216. Greenland, and Labrador. {Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) We- have Eocky Mountain specimens of 0. aurea, which have black scales- with a white centre, which approach this, but the beak of the fruit, is that of the latter species. * * Stigmas III. (2575.) C. Buxbaumii, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. X3^IV., 163,. (1802.) C. canescens, Hook., Fl. IT., 216, (1840.) Bogs and beSver meadows ; not uncommon from the Atlantic to the- Paciflc. Newfoundland. (Befks.) Bog at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; bogs at Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Eestigouche, near the mouth of the Upsalquitch ; Lily Lake, N.B. (J?bw/er, Caf.) Near St. John, N.B. (Burgess.) Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti; Point Fame, and Matane, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Beaver meadow, bor- der of Hooper's Lake, Tudor, Hastings Co. ; Eed Bay, Lake Huron ;. Sturgeon Lake, Nipigon Eiver ; en rocks at the head of the rapid Current Eiver, Port Arthur, and on marshy ground at Pic Eiver, and Otter Head, east coast Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Bogs, near King- ston, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) In mountain meadows, and bogs from Morley westward through the- Eocky Mountains to Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains ; shores of Horn© Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver island. (Macoun.) Canada to Cum- berland House, on the Saskatchewan; Lake Winnipeg, near Norway House; Observatory Inlet, and Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Mothr. Alask.) (2576.) C. Cmelini, Hook., Bot. Eeechy's Yoy., 118, (1834);. Hook., Fl. II., 216. Oregon to Alaska. (Bailey.) North West coast, and Kotzebuo- Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka, Ounalashka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay. Specimen sent from British Museum.) (2577.) C. Mertensii, Prescott, (1833); Hook., Fl. II., 217. C. Columbiana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXX., 62, (1836.) One of the finest carices we have, and even worthy of a place in our- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 135 gardens. Growing in tufts by mountain streams, and on the Pacific coast. Washington territory', and northward to Sitlja. {Bailey.} Abundant by streams in the valleys of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; in stream beds on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, alt. 2,500 feet. (MacGun.) Pitt Eiver, B.C. (Hill.) Shores of Burrard Inlet, Yan- couver city, B. 0. (Prof. Fowler.) North West coast to Sitka. {Hooker, Fl.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. {Bothr. Alask.) Port Etches, Sitka. {Barclay.) (2518.) C. atrata, Linn., Sp. PI. 976, (1*753) ; Hook., Fl. 11., 216. On mountains and by rivers and lakes in the northern forest region. Madawaska and Tobique rivers, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Nicatau Lake, N.B. {Hay.) Near Jupiter Eiver, and at Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; in fields, Gasp^ Basin ; and along the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. {Macoun.) Table-top Mountain, and Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. {Porter.) Temiscouata, Q. {Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Hayes Eiver, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) Shore of Current Eiver, at Port Arthur, Lake Superior ; high hills near Lesser Slave Lake, and at Peace Eiver Canon, lat. 56 ; quite common in grassy places, from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Soger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. {Macoun.) Along Belly Eiver, lat. 49°. (Burgess.) Damp wood, Camp Akamina, Eocky Mountains, lat. 49°. {Dawson.) Goose Creek Mountain, five miles from Keithly, B.C., alt. 5,800 feet. {Bowman.) Eocky Mountains to ai-ctic America. {Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Prances River, near lat. 61°, north of British Columbia. {Dawson.) Yar. nigra, Boott, 111. 114. a nigra, All. Fl. Fed. II., 267; Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) Apparently rare or overlooked in Canada. On the higher mountain slopes and summits of the Eocky Mountains westward from Castle Mountain to the Selkirk Mountains, at Eoger's Pass, B.C. ; Stewart's Lake Mountain, B.C., lat. 55°- (Macoun.) Labrador. (Schweinitz, Torrey vide Hooker, Fl.) Yar. ovata, Boott, 111. 114. C. ovata, Rudge, Linn. Trans. VII., 96, (1804) ; Hook., Fl. II., 216. Newfoundland, and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) (2579.) C. heteroneura, W. Boott, Bot. Calif II., 239, (1880.) Summit of the South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, 1881. (Daw- son.) Only a few specimens were obtained, but these accord well with 136 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the description. The light colored auricles of the bracts, and white perigynia with a purple emarginate tip, separate it from the var. erecta of the preceding species. (2580.) C. alpina, Swartz. Lilj. Svensk. Fl., Ed. II., 26. a Vahlii, Schk. ; Hook., Fl. II., 216, (1840.) G media, R Br., App. Frankl. Narr., 763, (1823.) C. alpina, var. nigrescens. Olney, Cat Wheeler's PI., 53. Not uncommon northward, or on mountains. Crevices of rocks at Jupiter Eiver, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti; fall of Ste. Anne des Monts, at the base of Mount Albert, Q. ; shores of Lake Nipigon, and the shore of Lake Superior, at Port Arthur, Ont. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Oottar&Dr. Sayden.') Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Wot woods. Swan Lake House, Man. ; woods along the route from Edmonton to Peace Eiver and at Lake Athabasca ; occasionally met with in the Eocky Mountains, westward to Kicking Horse Lake ; mountain woods at McLeod's Lake, B.C., lat. 55°. (^Macoun.) Common in British America to Arctic coast; Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°, north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) <2581.) C. Parryana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVIIL, 239, (1835); Hook., Fl. II., 216, in part. C. arctica. Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVII., 239, (18^5.) C. Hallii, Olney, Hayden's Eep. 496, (1871.) Abundant in the northern pai't of the prairie region, extending from Portage la Prairie by Fort Ellice, Touchwood Hills, Fort Carleton, and Edmonton, to Lac la Nun, near the Athabasca Eiver; rather rare along the Bow Eiver, at Morley. (Macoun.) Carleton Fort. (Hooker, Fl.) In the prairie region all the specimens have the terminal spike- let androgynous ; in some of those from Lac la Nun, it is entirely ;8taminate, and in others androgynous. (2582.) C. virescens, Muhl. (1806) ; Pui-sh, Fl. I., 39, (1814.) C. costata, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. virescens, var. eltiptica. Olney, Exsicc. III., 21, (1870.) In open grassy woods, western Ontario. Quite common in open -woods, Niagara Falls, Essex Centre, and Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Low woods, near Leamington, Essex Co. ;'and Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 137 <2583.) C. triceps, Michx. PI. I., 170, (1803); Pursh, Fl. I., 40. C. hirmta, Willd. ; Hook., Fl. II., 216, (1840.) C. viridula, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Men., 320, (1824.) C. hirmta, var. pedunaatata, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Men. 323, (1824.) C complanata, Torr. & Hook., Monogr. 408, (1836.) C. Smithii, Porter ; Olney, Exsicc. I., 28, (1870.) C. Bolliana, Bceckeler, Flora, 40, (1878.) Eather rare in western Ontario, or overlooked. Abundant in rocky- thickets, Queenstown Heights, and Foster's Flats, near the whirlpool, Niagara Falls. (Macoun.) (2584.) C. gracillima, Schweinitii;, An. Tab. (1823); Hook. Fl. II., 217. C. digitals, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Mon. 324, (1824.) Abundant in open woods and meadows. "Woods at Truro, "Windsor, and Yarmouth, N.S. ; North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) New- foundland. {Reeks.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co.; Tobique Eiver, KB. {Fowler, Cat.) Frye's Island, KB. {Hay.) Petitcodiac, and Clifton, KB. {Brittain.) Eather common at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in meadows at Pi-escott, Ont. {Billings.) Kemptville, On't. {Porter.) Very common from Carleton Place westward to Belleville, -Owen Sound, and thence to Kakabeka Falls, thirty miles west of Port Arthur, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) "Wet meadows, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Norway House, north end of Lake Winnipeg. {Hooker, Fl.) (2585.) C. formosa, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 97, (1824.) Apparently very rare in Canada. Found in profusion in a meadow ■on the right bank of the Moira, near the paper mill, Belleville, Ont., June 18, 1867. Never collected since 1873. (25860 C. squarrosa, Linn., Sp. PI. 973, (1753.) C. lyphina, Michx., Fl. I., 169, (1803.) C. typhinoides, Sohweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) This species seems confined to a restricted area in western Quebec -and Eastern Ontario. Low sandy beach, Buckingham, Ottawa Eiver, ■Q. {Ami.) Duck Island, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) III. Spikelets sometimes all staminate at the tip, or with one androgynous or altogether staminate. * Stigmas II. or III. <2587.) C. petricosa, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 246, (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 216. Summits of the Eocky Mountains, between lat. 54°-56°. {Brum- 138 GEOLOGICAL SURVEr OF CANADA. mond.) Drummond collected in the Eocky Mountains, between the- sources of the Athabasca and Peace Eiver. The latter river leaves the mountains in lat. 56° 12', so that all his mountain species were gather- ed south of lat. 56°. (Macoun.) (2588.) C. Franklinii, Boott, Hook., Fl. IT., 217, t. 218, (1840.) Eocky mountains, about lat. 56°. (Drummond.) (2589.) C. misandra, E. Br., Suppl. Parry's Yoy., 283, (1823.) a fvliginosa, Sternb. & Hoppe. ; Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) C. misandra, var. elatior, Lange, Fl. Green., 140, (1880.) Arctic sea^coast. (Richardson.) Eepulse Bay, and arctic coasts (Hooker, Fl.) Throughout Arctic America. (Bailey.) Port Kennedy, BaflSn Bay. [Dr. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) Between Fort Churchill, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (Br. Rae.) Kotzebue Sound, and Norton Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Cape Chudleigh, Digge's- Island, and the Eskimo Village of Hyla, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) (2590.) C. atrofusca, Schkuhr. Eiedgr. 106, f. 82, (1801.) C. uslvlata, Wabl. ; Schk. f. 82, (1803) ; Hook., Fl. II., 224. Labrador. (Schweinitz & Torrey, vide Hooker, Fl.) (2591.) C. aurea, Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. PI. II., 205, (1818); Hook., Fl. II., 226. a multca, R. Br., Frankl. Narr. App. 763, (1823.) C. pyriformis, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. aurea YSiT. androgyna, Olney, Exsicc. I., 15, (1870.) Common in wet meadows, and springy places from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Grassy places at Annapolis, Truro, and Windsor, F.S. (Macoun.) Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Near St. John, Kennebeccasis Island, Andover, and Minister's Pace, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Eivi^re de Brig, Anticosti; on rocks along the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Ste. Genevieve Island, Mingan Island, and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.)- Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Field near Fort Wellington, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in cedar swamps and wet mea- dows throughout central and northern Ontario, to Eed Bay, Lake Huron, and around Lake Superior, where it is chiefly the androgynous form ; to Lake Nipigon, at Livingstone Point, and to Thunder Bay, at Port Arthur, and Fort William. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton,. Ont. (Logie.) London ; Point aux Pins, Lake Erie ; and Poi'tArthur, Lake Superior ; Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini,. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 13& N.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; Knee Lake and Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) Lake of the Woods; South Kootanie Pass, and north fork of Old Man Eiver, Rocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant on the prairie in wet spots from Winnipeg west- ward to the Rocky Mountains, and northward to Peace River, lat. 58°; in the foot-hills, and from Mftrley westward through the Rocky Moun- tains to Roger's Pass, in the Selkirk Mountains ; abundant in northern British Columbia, to Port McLeod, lat. 55°; Somenos; andQualicum, at Home Lake, Vancouver Island; rather rare. {Macoun.) Lake Winnipeg to Carleton House and the Rocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.} Pelly River, lat. 63°, north of British Columbia. {Dawson.) (2592.) C. albata, Bailey, in herb. Prof. Bailey considers this the American representative of C. frigida, AUioni. It is a most remarkable and distinct Carex, and can be recog- nized at once by its dark brown spikelets, and long, narrow, and spread- ing perigynia. Spikelets usually four, nearly all staminate at the apex ; scales brown, scarious-margined and blunt, and scarcely half as long as the tapering perigynium which is toothed at the apex. The lowest spikelet is generally long peduncled, and often four inches below the next one above, the two upper ones are so close together that they appear as one. G-athered in quantity on the borders of small ponds, Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, alt. 2,500 feet, July 27th, 1887. (Macoun.) (2593.) C. prasina, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 161, (1802.) C miliacea, Muhl. (1806) ; Hook., Fl. 11, 216 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2022. Growing in clumps in low wet places near springs in woods; rather rare. In a ravine on Simon Terrill's Farm, Brighton, Northumber- land Co., Ont. ; in thickets at Port Stanley, Elgin Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Lowgrounds, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Canada. {Hooker, FL} (2594.) C. debilis, Michx., PL L, 172, (1803.) C. tenuis, Rudge, Linn., Trans. VII., 97, (1804.) C.flexuosa, Muhl. ; Pursh, Fi. I., 43, (1814.) C. deUlis, var. p., Boott. 111. 92. Not uncommon in woods and thickets in Nova Scotia, at Truro ; on McNab's Island at Halifax, and at Annapolis; also abundant in grassy thickets at North Sydney, Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Bass River, Kent Co., and Fredei-icton ; Carleton Co. ; common at Salmon River, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Newfoundland. {Reeks.) 140 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. <2595.) C. (Ederi, Eetz., Ehi-h. Calam. Exsicc, No. 79; Hook., Fl. II., 225, (1840.) a flam, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I.,41, (1814.) a viridvla, Michx., Fl. I., 170, (1803.) Cflava, var. lutescens, Wahl., Fl. Lapl., 234, (1812.) In gravel on river and lake margins, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, ■Common along the river at Yarmouth, and Annapolis, N.S. (^Macoun.) On the shore at Eothesay ; Carleton Co. ; and Tobique Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Yicinity of Jupiter Eiver, and at Ellis Bay, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Eiver margins at Ottawa. {Fletcher, FL Ott.') Near Port Wellington, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Shoreof Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. {Millman.) West Eideau Lake, Ont. {Porter.) Abundant in moist sand, Pre.squ'ile Point, and Wellington Beach, Lake Ontario; A remarkable form of this species grows at Campbellford, JSTorthum- berland Co., Ont. As usual, it grows in large clumps about three feet high, but instead of the spikes being sessile, they are peduncled, or have scattered perigynia for nearly half their length, which is often from throe to four inches. The sheaths are scarcely fibrilose, and many of the perigynia are abortive. I conclude from these characters- that it is a hybrid between G. aquatilis and C stricta. Yar. decora, Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. XIII., 85. C. aperta, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 582, (1868.) Usually smaller and more slender than the species, the basal sheaths not fibrilose; spikes short (seldom over an inch long), sessile or nearly so, very rarely attenuated at the base, spreading ; bracts usually con- spicuously spreading ; scales very sharp, spreading, longer than the perigynia. (Bailey.) A very obscure species and evidently not the one figured by Boott. I agree with Prof. Bailey in doubting the accuracy of the eastern 0. aperta. My specimens, though named by Dewey and Olney, arpear to be O. stricta, var. strictior, Carey; Gray, Man.V. 583, (1868.) (Jfacown.) Near Eichibucto, Kent Co. ; and rather common at Salmon Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Gat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of a little lake one mile north of Hooper's Lake, Tudor, North Hastings, Ont. ■ fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) "Wet river bank, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Specimens collected on the Nachacco Eiver, in northern British Colum- bia in 1875, are referred here: I doubt tkeir identity with the eastern specimens, but they are placed here for the present. (2604.) C. lenticularis, Michx., Fl. L, 1Y2, (1803) ; Hook., Fl. IL, 219. Abundant in the beds of rivers, growing in the crevices of rocks in large tufts. Chiefly found in northern Ontario, and north-eastward. Coast of Labrador, lat. 51° 30'. (Allen.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; not rare at Salmon Eiver ; St. Stephen, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Amongst rocks Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. ; on wet rocks in rear of the old saw-mill, Marmora village, Hastings Co. ; shore of Gull Lake, Barrie Addington Co. ; abundant from Balsam Lake, the whole length of Gull Eiver, Victoria Co. ; very abundant all around Lake Superior, and north up Nipigon Eiver to the Lake. (Macoun.) Shallow water. Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N. B. T. ; Severn. 10 146 GEOLOGICAL STTRVEY OF CANADA. River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Saskatchewan, and northward to Bear Lake. (^Bailey.) Canada to Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.)^ Methy Portage. (Richardson.) <2605.) C. acuta, Linn., Sp. PL, 1388, (1751) C. aperta, var. divaricata, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. IX., 119, in part, (1884.) We have few specimens which we can refer here, but place them mostly under the variety which follows. Sitka. (Rothr. AlasJc.) Lewes Hiver, lat. 62°, KW.T. (Dawson.') Var. prolixa, Hornem. Plantel. Ed. IV. C.proKxa, Fries. Mant. III., 150, (1835.) a aperta, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 218, (1840.) Very abundant in low grounds, producing very good hay in numerous places, especially at Cedar Hill, and Nanaimo. Specimens were col- lected at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Shawnigan Lake, Qualicum, Mount Arrowsmith, and Sproat Lake, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. {^Macoun.) In meadows at Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2606.) C. GLAucA, Scopoli, Fl. Germ. 455. Introduced on dry clay banks of the railway cutting just outside of Windsor, ;N".S. (Macoun & Burgess.) On the border of a meadow, in poor soil, London, Ont. (Burgess.) (2607.) C. torta, Boott; Tuckerraan, Enum. Meth. (1843.) C. torta, var. composita,'Porter. Borders of streams and in wet meadows in the maritime provinces. Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Gat.) Along a small stream at Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Salmon Creek, and Gaspereaux Eiver; Petitco- diac, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) (2608.) C. salina, Wahl, Fl. Lapp. 246, (1812.) a cuspidata, Wahl. Kongl Acad. Handl. XXIV., 164, (1802.) a stncta. Hook. & Am. Bot. Beechey's Voy., 131, (1834.) C. recta, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 220, (1840.) C. hiematolepis, Drej. Eevis. Crit. Car. 44, (1841.) Very abundant in salt marshes in almost every pai-t of Nova Scotia rand around the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) ■Coast of Labrador and about Hudson Bay. (Bailey.) Louisburg, and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; Truro, Annapolis, Yarmouth and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Salt marsh at Molus Bay, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, •Cat.) Salt Lake and English Bay, Anticosti ; Cape Rosier, Fox Eiver, OATALOOUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 14'7 "Grand Etang and Madeline Eiver, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Mouth of Saguenay Eiver, Q. (Pringle.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hud- son Bay, Labrador, and Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. mutica, Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 246, (1812. t C. lanceata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 249, (1836.) C. reducta, Drej. Eevis. Crit. Car. 46, (184].) G salina, var. minor, Boott, 111. 160, in part. C. salina, var. /3., Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, and Hudson Bay. (^Hooker, FL) Coast of Greenland. (Lange.') Var. ? robusta, Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. XIII., 87. Taller and coarser than the species (two to three feet high), the culm spongy at the base; leaves soft; bracts very leafy, surpassing the culm ; spikes heavy, short and thick (usually an iach or less long, and nearly half an inch thick), mostly dense and truncate at the base, somewhat aggregated, the lower short stalked ; scales ranging from lanceolate and acute to ovate and obtuse, brown with a white mid- nerve, longer than the thinner nerveless perigynium. All the peri- gynia are empty. (^Bailey.) The specimens were growing in large patches between tides in the bed of Qualicum Eiver, Vancouver Island They were generally covered with water to the height of a foot or more at high tide. I cannot believe that this is a form of G. salina, as it is quite distinct from that species in general appearance, but leave it with Prof. Bailey to settle it. CoUeated July 29, 1887. (Macoun.) Since the ^bove was in type, I have received further information regarding this form from Mr. Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., Croydon, Eng-^ land. The specimens sent to him were forwarded to Kew, and were examined by Mr. C. B. Clarke, who could not match them in Kew herbarium, but suggested G. pulla. Good., as a possibility. Later examinations seem to convince Mr. Clarke that this is G. physocarpa, Presl, Eeliq. Haenk. I., 205. Mr. Bennett thinks, on the other hand, that if Kunth represents correctly Presl's plant, he cannot agree with him, and says, "if this is not 0. physocarpa, then it is a new species so far as we have material at Kew to go upon, for which I pro- pose the name G. Macounii (non Dewey Sill. Journ.) characterized by its extremely (almost wanting) short beak to the perigynia with a smaller base, semi-inflated nerved fruits much shorter than the glumes." (2609.) C. ambusta, Boott, 111. 64. C. salina, var. ambusta, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) UngavaBay, North Labrador; northern British Columbia; Sitka, 148 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. and Ounalashka. {Bailey, Carex, Syn., 88.) Francis Eiver, lat. 61° j. Pelly Eiver, lat. 62° ; Lewes Eive?-, lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) (2610.) C. subspathacea, Wormskjold, Fl. Dan. IX., 4, (1818.) C. Hoppnen, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) C. salina, var. subspathacea, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 12, (1843.) C salina, var. minor, Boott, 111. 160, in part. Cumberland House and Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) Salt marsh, near Cape Eosier, Gasp^, 1861. (J. Bell.) Greenland. (^Lange.) (2611.) C. cryptocarpa, C. A. Meyer, Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. I.,, 226, (1831.) C. ScouUri, Torr. Cj-p. 399, (1836.) C.filipendida, Drej. Eevis. Grit. Car. 46, (1841.) C. salina, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, in part, (1840.) Salt marshes at Cape Eosier, and Fox Eiver, Gasp^ coast. Collected: in 1882. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands ; and at Lake Karmutzen, Vancouver Island. (^Dawson.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant at Oak Bay, near Victoria, at the mouth of Nanaimo Eiver, in marshes at Qualicum, and on the west coast of Vancouver Island, at Alberni; also by a lake near Fort St. James, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Clemincitty Harbor, and Sitka. (Hcoker, FL) Ounalashka, Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Eothr. Alask.) Along Bun-ard Inlet, at Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.)- Alaska. (Meehan.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2612.) C. SitchensiS, Prescott, (1831) ; Hook., Fl. II., 220. A very fine and remarkably distinct species, growing in profusion on many parts of the Pacific coast. Along the Fraser Eiver, at Lad- ner's Landing, B C. (Fletcher.) Marshes near Alert Bay, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) In meadows and by lakes and streams ; common at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Somenos, Shawnigan Lake, Nanaimo, Qualicum, Horne Lake, and Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Puget Sound, and Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2613.) C. Barbarse, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 231, (1853.) C. Schottii, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 231, (1858.) a Preseottiana, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 369, (1871.) Wet ground near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abun- dant in wet meadows by lakes and marshes, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Chemainus, Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macmn.) Shores of Burrard Inlet, Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof^ Fowler.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 149 <2614.) C. maritima, MUller, Fl. Dan. t. 793; Hook., Fl. II,, 219. Cpaleacea. Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 164, (1802.) Salt marshes around the coasts of the maritime provinces. Newfound- land. (Reeks.) Annapolis, N.S. (Burgess.) Marshes at Tri^ro, N.S ; Salt Lake, Ellis Bay, and EiviSre de Brig, Anticosti ; Gasp^ Basin, and Fox Eiver, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Bridgetown, N.S. (Prof. Fowler.) Salt marshes, Molus Eiver, and Lancaster, JST.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eupert House, James Bay.. (J. M. Macoun.) Hudson Bay. (Hooker, FL) Temiscouata, St. Lawrence Eiver. (Pringle.) Couetatchou-Manicoua- gan, Q. (St. Gyr.) .(2615.) C. crinita, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. IIL, 393, (1789); Pursh, Fl. I., 38, (1814) ; Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) C. crinita, var. paleacea, Dew. Sill. Journ. X.., 270, (1826.) a Mitchelliana, M. A. Curtis, Sill. Journ. XLIV., 84, (1843 ) C. crmita,YiiT. minor, Boott, 111. 18. C. pendvla, Sommers, Cat. Nov. Scotia Plants. Eather uncommon in low meadows and by streams, growing in •clumps. Brigus, and Topsail, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Near Bedford, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) By brooks at Truro, and "Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Along rills and brooks, at Kouchibouguac, and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Sauveur, near Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. •( P.illings.) Abundant in moist places by brooks, Argenteuil Co., Q. (X)' Urban.) St. Andrews, Montreal. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Eichelieu Swamp, Q. (0. F. McOrea.) Tadousac, Saguenay Eiver, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Eather common in central Ontario, in large tufts at •Cannififton, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Norway House. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. gynandra, Schwein. & Torr., Mon. 360, (1824.) C. gynandra, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) Apparently confined to the eastern provinces. Campbellton, N.B. ■{Chalmers.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Grand Valine, Gasp^ ■coast, Q. (Macoun.) (2616.) C. podocarpa, E. Brown, App. Frankl. Narr., Ed. II., 36 ; Hook., Fl. II., 224. a macrochxla, C. A. Meyer, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 219. C. speclabilis, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 248, (1836.) A. very remarkable species and easily distinguished by the long thread-like awns of the scales. Mountains of British America to Alaska. 150 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Bailey.) Stikine Eiver. (Cmley.) Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay.) Sitka, and Rocky Moun- tains. (Hooker, Ft.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) * * Stigmas III. t Perlgynium beakless or short-beaked, the orifice entire, emarginate, or bideniate. X Perigynium smooth. (2617.) C. Magellanica, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. Ill,, 385, (n89.> C. irrigua, Smith; Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) C. limom, var. irrigva, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV, 162, (1803.) (7. limosa, var. irrigua, Wahl. Fl. Lap. 243, (1812.) C. paupercula, Michx, FJ. I., 172, (1803.) C. Uniieularis, Dew. Sill. Journ. VII., 273, (1823.) In peat bogs, Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Labrador. (McGill ColL Serb.) In peat bogs near Point Pleasant, and at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; bog near North Sydney Mine, Capj Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Peat bogs, Kent Co'. ; Lily Lake, N,B. (Fowler, Cat.) Nepisiquit Lake, N.B. (Oay.) Salt Lake, Ellis and English bays, Anticosti ; Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Thun- der Eiver, 'Q. (St. Cyr.) All peat bog's near Ottawa; not common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Heck's Mills, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Common in bogs throughout central Ontario, and westward to Eed Bay, Lake Huron; and north-westerly to Michipicotin, andEedEock> and around Port Aj-thur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Bogs, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Cranberry marsh, Port Colborne, Lake Brie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Swamps on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Norway House, Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2618.) C. rariflora, Smith, Engl. Bot. t. 2516; Hook., Fl. II., 224. a limosa, var. rariflora, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 162, (1803.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, in a peatbog, 1883. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) South Twin Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.} Labrador. (Miss Brodie vide, McGill Coll. Herb.) Labrador. (Allen. Storer.) Lake Mistassini; Fort Franklin, Mackenzie (Jivor, lat. 64°. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2619.) C. limosa, Linn. Sp. PI. 977, (1753) ; Hook., Fl. II., 224. C. laxa, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVI., 376, (1834.) C. limosa, var. Painei, Dew. Sill. Journ. (2dSer.) XXIX, 71. Peat bogs, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, especially northward. CATALOGOE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 151 In the " Old Moat" at Louisburg, Cape Breton ; in bogs at the head of North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. {Macoun.) Peat bogs, Eichibucto, Bass Eiver, N. B. {Fowler, Gat.) Kendrick's Lake, N. B., 1882. ( Vroom.) Miscou Island, N.B. (Hay.) Trout Lake, Charlotte Co. ; Portage Lake, Westmoreland Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi; Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gasp^ Q. (Macoun.) Bogs, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Peat bog, five miles north of Colborne, Northumberland Co. ; marsh, Eed Bay, Lake Huron ; and marsh at Eed Eock, Lake Superior ; also at the mouth of the Kaminis- tiqua, near Port Arthur, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, Lon- don, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Marsh at Port Colborne. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hayden.) Hudson Bay, near Fort Severn. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon in peat bogs and marshes, from the Kananaskis westward through the Eocky Mountains to Eoger's Pass, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; bogs near McLeod's Lake, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Eocky Mountains ;. Sitka, and North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Var. Stygia, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 95, (1886.) C. stygia, Fries. Mant. III., 141. C. rariflora, Eothrock, PI. Alask. 457. (?) Spikes mostly thicker and more drooping than in the species; scales very black, longer pointed. Alaska and Shumagan Island. (Bailey.) Ounalashka, and Bay of Schischmareff. (Bothr. Alask.) We place here the C. rariflora of Eothrock in Dall's Alaska. (2620.) C. Raynoldsii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXXIL, 39, (1837.) C. Lyallii, Boott, 111. 150, t. 483. Mountains of Montana, and Washington territory. (Bailey.) Will likely be found north of lat. 49", B.C. (2621.) C. stylosa, C. A. Meyer, Act. Acad. St. Potersb. I., 222, (1831.) C. nigritella, Drejer. Eevis. Crit. Car. 32, (1841'.) C. Parryana, Hook., Fl. II., 216, in part, (1840.) Fox Harbor, Labrador. (Allen.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2622.) C. Tolmiei, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) C. vulgaris, Olney, Proc. Am. Acad. 407, (1872.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) The specimens referred here are identical with those of Suksdorf, gathered on Moant Adams, Washington Territory, 1883. 152 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2623.) C. livida, Willd. Sp. PL IV., 285, (1805) ; Hook., Fl. II., 224. a limosa, var. livida, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 162, (1802.) C. Gayana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXV., 141, (1834.) C. livida, var. radicalis, Paine, Cat. Oneida Co. Plants. Peat bog at Louisbm-g, Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti; in a beaver meadow, Huntingdon, Hastings Co. ; Kiladar, Addington Co. ; marsh, Chicken Bay, Lake Huron ; in a marsh at Morley, Eocky Mountains ; in marshes along Beaver Creek, near Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay to ■Cumberland House and Fort Carleton, and thence to the Eocky Moun- tains ; Sitka, and North West coast. {Hooker, Fl.) Labrador, and Lake Superior, and high northward. (Bailey.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Ai-ctic sea-coast. (Bichardson.) (2624.) C. PANicEA, Linn. Sp. PI. 9^7, (1753.) Wet meadows, Bass Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In mea- dows, two miles from Windsor, N.S. ; along the " pipe line" for the water supply ; also in marshy meadows around the ruins of Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) As in both cases the species was found in cultivated ground, we consider it introduced. The dark purple (Louisburg) or purple margined (Windsor) scale, distinguish it from every form of the next. <2625.) C. tetanica, Sch'kuhr. Eiedgr. Nachtr, 68, (1806) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 43. C. refracta, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 297, in part, (1805.) C. Woodii, Dew. Sill. Journ. II., 487, (1846.) C.panicea, var. tetanica, Olney, Exsicc. I., 23, (1870.) C. panicea, var. Woodii, Olney, Exsicc. II., 27, (1871.) C. panicea, var. Bebbii, Olney, Exsicc. I., 22, (1870.) C. Meadii, var. Bebbii, Arthur, Contr. Fl. Iowa, VI. Culm slender ; leaves narrow, green ; spikes pale, mostly greenish, mostly thin and loosely flowered, attenuated below. (Bailey.) Spar- ingly in a meadow east of Belleville, Ont. ; abundant in Manitoba and westward; especially common in low meadows east of Brandon. (Macoun.) (2626.) C. Meadii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIII., 90, (1842.) C. panicea,va,T. Meadii, Olney, Exsicc. I.. 24, (1870.) C. panicea, var. Canbyi, Olney, Exsicc. II., 24, (1871.) C. tetanica, var. Meadii, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 118, (1886.) Our specimens of this species are so different from those of C. tetanica that we consider them specifically distinct. File Hills, and Qu' Appelle Valley, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 153 <262'7.) C. vaginata, Tausch. Bot. Zeit. 557, (1821.) C. panicea, var. sparsiflom, Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 236, (1812.) C. phxQslachya, Smith ; Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. sparsiflora, Steud. Norn. Bot. 296, (1840.) C. vaginata, var. alto-caidis, Dew. Sill. Journ. C. panicea, var. refacta, Olney, Exsicc. I., 24, (1870.) Northern Labrador. (Turner.) Swampy wood, Salt, Lake, Anti- costi; Mount Albert, Sh'ickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Harbor Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Oyr.) Eecollet Swamp, Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) Abundant in cedar swamps at Belleville, and west- ward throughout northern and north-westerly Ontario ; around Lake Superior and northerly to Lake Nipigon, and westerly to Point du •Chein, Man. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E T. {J. M. Macoun.) In spruce and other swamps, from Morley vrestward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald, in the Columbia Valley; in swamps throughout northern British Columbia, 18Y5. (Macoun.) Fort Nor- man, Mackenzie Eiver; Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) (2628.) C. granulans, MuH. (1806); Hook., Fl. II., 226. C. cMalaros, Steud. Cyper. Plant, 231, (1855.) C. Haleana, Olney, Exsicc. III., 14, (1871.) Abundant in wet meadows in Ontario ; wet grounds, Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; college grounds, Fredericton ; and Sussex, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Everywhere common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant in low wet mea- dows and thickets throughout central Ontario ; meadows, Owen Sound ; along the Kaministiqua, at Fort William, and twenty miles up that stream ; Blackwater Eiver, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Swamp, Lon- don, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Damp prairies, from Winnipeg west to Brandon, Man. (Macoun.) Quebec. (Hooker, Fl.) (2629.) C. Crawei, Dew. ; Torr. Bot. N. York II., 408, (1843.) C. heterostachya, Torr. Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.) II., 248, (1846.) C. Orawei, var. heterostachya. Dew. Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.) XLII., 4, (1866.) Wet gravel. South West Point, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Shore of St. Lawrence, Montreal. (G. F. McCrea.) Field near Fort Wellington, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Wet gravel, Massassaga Point, near Belle- ville, Ont. ; on wet sand, Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; on wet sand ^t Owen Sound, an I in marshy ground, Eed Bay, Lake Huron ; wet gravel, Assiniboine Eapids, east of Brandon, Man. (Macoun.) (2630.) C. Torreyi, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 21, (1843.) C. palletcem. Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. abbreviata, Boott, Linn. Trans. XX., 141, (1845) Abundant in many parts of western Manitoba, growing in clumps. 154 GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OF CANADA. and having the general appearance of C. pallescens, but easily distin- guished by its strongly nerved perigynium. Specimens from Portage- la Prairie, Totogan, Grand Valley, Brandon, and File Hills, Man. {Macoun.) SourisEiver, and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Burgess. Millman.y Carleton House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl ) (2631.) C. pallescens, Linn. Sp. PI. 911, (ITSS.) C. undviata, Kunze, Suppl. Riedgr. 23. C. pallescens, var. undviata, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 587, (1868.) Quite common in damp meadows at Truro, Halifax, and Annapolis,. N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Pictou Co., N.S. (McKayi) Bass Eiver, Kent Co.; Aroostook Falls, and Carleton Co., N.B. (^Fowler, Gat.y Dalhousie, N.B. ; and Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.') Meadows, Gasp^ Basin, Gasp6 Co., Q. ; very abundant in meadows in the rear of St. Mary's- Village, Sault Ste. Marie. (Maeoun) (2632.) C. conoidea, Schkuhr. Eiedgr. Kachtr. 67, (1806) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 43, (1814); Hook., Fl. II., 226. C granidarioides, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823-) C. tetanica, Schwein. & Torr., Cyp. 347, (1836.) C. lUinosrms, Dew. Sill. Journ., (2d. Ser.) VI., 245, (1848.) Damp meadows at Annapolis, and Halifax, N.S. (Maeoun & Burgess.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Belleisle, N.B. (Brittain.) Wet meadows, close to the Ferry House, opposite Belleville, Ont., and in pastures east of that city. (Macoun.) (2633.) C. grisea, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 154, (1802.) C. laxiflora, Schkuhr, Riedgr. JS'achtr. 69, (L805.) C. grisea, var. minw, Olney, Hall's PI. Tex. 26, (1873.) Apparently rare in Canada, only observed in south-western Ontario. Damp thickets, Port Dover Junction, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) (2634.) C. oligocarpa, Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nachtr. 67, (1805.) C. subuniflora, Steud. Cyper. Plant, 234, (1855.) C. oligocarpa, var. Sartwelliana, Dew. Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.) V., 176,(1848.) Not rare on exposed, grassy hillsides, near the shores of Lakes Ontario and Erie; rocky hill near Picton, Prince Edward Co. ; open woods, above Port Hope, Ont; also along Lake Erie, near Fingal, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa; rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Belleisle, and Petitcodiac; Long Island, in the Kennebeccasis, N. B. (Brittam.) It is probable that all Brittain's specimens are 0. conoideay as those gathered at Belleisle, now in our herbarium, are of that species. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 155 (2635.) C. Hitchcockiana, Dew. Sill.'Journ. X. 274, (1826.) C. oligocarpa, var. major, Torr. Bot. N. York II., 406, (1843.) Eooky woods, apparently rare in Ontario, but more northern than the preceding species. Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In half cleared lands, Kennebec, Addington Co.; Huntingdon, Hastings Co. ; and Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Port Stanley, and Fin- gal, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) (2636.) C. laxiflora, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. III., 392, (1189}; Hook., Fl. II., 226. C. striatvla, Michx., Fl. I., 173, (1803.) C. anceps, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Mon. 343, in part, (1824.) a ignota. Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 348, (1849.) As many collectors have not separated the varieties from each other^ we place all references under the species, except where we have seen the specimens, or they have been separated by the collector. New- foundland. (Reeks.) Several varities and forms of this exceedingly^ variable plant are found, but they have not been worked out. (Fow- ler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Damp woods at Belleville, Ont. ; also Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) "Woods- near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Neighborhood of London, Ont. (Burgess^ Millman.) Quito common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Var. intermedia, Boott, 111. 37. C. heterosperma, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 151, (1802.) C. anceps, Muhl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. anceps, var. angmtifolia, Dew., Wood's Bot. 423, (1845.) C. laxiflora, var. blanda gracillirna, Boott, 111. 38. Apparently our commonest form. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher,. Fl. Ott.) Common in open woods, from Carleton Place westward, through central Ontario to Amherslbur'gh, on Lake Brie, and north- westerly to Eed Eock, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Carleton House, on the Sas- katchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. Striatula, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. IT., 524, (1856.) a conoidea, Muhl Descr. Gram. 248, (1817.) C. blanda, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 45, (1826.) C. anceps, var. striatula, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 554, (1848.) a anceps, var. hlanda, Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) Not nearly so common as the preceding. Apparently more southern, in its i-ange. Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Stewart's Bush, and Billings Bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Not common in woods at Belleville, Ont.: Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls. (Macoun.)- Low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) 156 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. atifolia, Boott, lil. 38. Eich woods, Sudbury Junction, C. P. Ey., Ont. ; common in woods -around Belleville, and westward through central Ontario to Port Stanley, and Amherstburgh, on Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Grassy woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.') Hull, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Var. patulifolia, Caroy, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 524, (1856.) C. planlaginea, Schkuhr, Eiedgr. Nachtr. 65, (1805.) C. anceps, var. patidifolia, Dew. Wood's Bot. 423, (1845.) C. laxiflora, var. planlaginea, Boott, 111. 37. Only found on McNab's Island, in Halifax Harbor. Easily distin- guished from var. latifolia by the almost total absence of nerves, and nearly straight boak of the perigynium. (Macoun.') <263T.) C. Hendersdni, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 115, (1886.) C laxiflora, var. planlaginea, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad. (1872.) Easily distinguished from any form of C. laxiflora by its very large perigynium. The western representative of the Laxiflorce. Lower Eraser Eiver, lat. 49°. (Br. Lyall.) Not uncommon in open woods at Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) <2638.) C. retrocurva, Dew., Wood's Bot. 423, (1845.) Apparently rare in Canada. Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.') Grassy woods at Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Border of a ravine at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (263^) C. digitalis, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 298, (1805.) C. oligocarpa. Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. Van-VlecMi, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. podoslachys, Steud. Cyper. Plant, 232, (1855.) Open grassy woods and borders of ravines at Port Stanley, Elgin Co., and on Queenstown Heights, near Niagara; in a field near the Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., and in woods, Tudor, Hast- ings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) <2640,) C. platyphylla, Carey,Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.) IV., 23, (1847.) Open grassy woods, not raie in Ontario. Near Montreal. (0. F. McCrea.) King's Mountain, Chelsea, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eich, rocky woods, common around Belleville, and westward through cen- tral Ontario to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, I,ake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 15T (2641.) C. plantaginea, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. III., 392, (1789) y Hook., PI. II., 226; Michx., PI., I., 173; Pursh, PI. I., 42. a latifolia, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 156, (1802.) On the slopes of ravines, and in cool woods throughout Ontario. St. John Eiver, between Plorenceville and Andover, IST.B. (Brittain.) "Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in ravines at Belleville, and westward throughout Ontario to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) Grand Island, Georgian Bay. (B. Bell.) Low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) N^orway House, north end of Lake "Winnipeg.. (Sooker, Fl.) (2642.) C. eburnea, Boott, Hook., PI. II., 226, (1840.) a alba, Dew. Sill. Journ. VII., 266, (1824.) C. alba, var. setifolia. Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 316, (1826.) C. pauperaiia, Terr. Cyp. 415, (1836), (non Michx.) Not uncommon on dry limestone shingle, along rivers and lakes.. Tobique Narrows, N.B. (Brittain.) Dry rocks, Eiviere de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun^ Mingan Eiver, Q. (St. Gyr.) Common in all rocky woods, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On rocky banks of the Moira, at Belleville ; banks of Trent, "above Trenton, and westward throughout north-western Ontario, on rocky banks, to Port Arthur, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Eiver banks, London, Ont. (Burgess. Mill- man.) Point aiix Pins, Lake Erie ; and Saugeen, Lake Huron. (Burgess.) Point "Wilkins, Lake "W"innipegoosis, Man.; rather rare on gravelly banks, from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Cedar Lake,, near Cumberland House ; Port Norman, on the Mackenzie Eiver ; and Eocky Mountains, lat. 54°-56°. (Hooker, Fl.) (2643.) C. pedunculata, Muhl. (1806); Hook., PI. IL, 217. Cool shady woods and in swamps. Petitcodiac, andHavelock; Eed Bank, and Salmon Eiver ; St. Stephen ; Nashwaaksis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Woods at Salt Lake, and English Bay, Anticosti; in abun- dance, along the Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans. (St. Oyr.) In a swamp, half way between Montreal and the Eecollet Swamp. (C. F. MeOrea.) Between Gate and St. Jean lakes, Went- worth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Ver/ common in damp woods, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Wood's, near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Carleton Place, and westward through Ontai-io to the west side of Lake Superior, at Point Meuron, Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Brie. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Damp woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Cum- 158 geological"survet of CANADa. berland House, and Norway House, and Eocky Mountains. (Hooher, Fl.) Eainy Lake, and Winnipeg Eiver. {Richardson.) X t Perigynium pubescent. <2644.) C. concinna, E. Br. (1823) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223. C. omithopoda, Torr. Cyp., 412, (1836.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Ste. Genevieve Island, Q. {St. Oyr.) Shores of Lake Nipigon, Ont. ; amongst rocks at Mani- toba House, Lake Manitoba, Pipestone Creek, Man.; common from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Soger's Pass, Sel- kirk Mountains; Cache Creek, and Clinton, and northward to Mc- Leod's Lake lat. 55°, B.C. {Macoun.') Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, to Mackenzie Eiver ; Eocky Mountains. {Sooker, Fl.) (2645.) C. melanocarpa, Chamisso; Bailey, Carex, Syn. 120, (1886.) St. Lawrence Island, off Alaska. {Bothr. Alask.) (2646.) C. Richardsoni, E. Br. (1823); Hook., Fl, IL, 223. Newfoundland. (Beeks.) Dry thickets east of Belleville ; also near Canniifton, and a little, east of the railway bridge, Trenton, Hastings €o., Ont.; on dry grassy hillsides around Morley, and westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Yalley, B.C. ; mountain summit at Spence's Bridge, and along the Telegraph Trail, lat. 54°, B.C. {Macoun.) Norway House, and Camberland House; Eocky Mountains, and North West coast. {Hooker, FL) (2647.) C. Pennsylvanica, Lamarck, (1789) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223; Parsh, Fl. I., 40, (1814.) a marginata, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 261, (1805.) C. lucmum. Willd. Hort Berol. Suppl. 63, (1809.) Dry knolls in woods between Eichibucto and Mollis Eiver; not rare at Salmon Eiver, N.B. . {Fowler, Cat.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Yroom.) Petitcodiac, N.B. {Brittain.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Chalk Eiver, Eonfrew Co., and westward throughout Ontario in open woods to Owen Sound on the Georgian Bay. {Macoun.) Com- mon in woods at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Komoka, Ont. {Burgess.) London, Ont. ; Emerson, Man. {Burgess. Millman.) Saskatchewan Eiver, at Cumberland House, and at Lake Winnipeg. {Bichardson.) Souris Valley, Man. {Dawson.) Abundant in thickets throughout Manitoba and westward on the open prairie ; rather common on dry slopes at Morley and extending west- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 159 ■ward in the Eocky Mountains to Canmore; not uncommon in dry thickets at Yale, B.C. ; grassy woods at Cedar Hill, and throughout the southern part of Yancouver Island to Qualicum. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) British America to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) The west coast specimens have much darker scales, and in most cases the lower spikelet is sub- tended by a green bract. <26'1:8.) C. varia, Muhl. (1806); Hook., Fl. II., 223; Pursh, PI. L, 40; (1814.) C. varia, var. pedieiilata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 163, (1827.) Ccollecta, Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 314, (1827.) C. Pennsylmnica, var. Muhlenbergii, Gray, Gram. & Cypr. 410, (1836.) C. Pennsylvanica, Torr. Cyp. 410, (1836.) C. varia, var. minor, Boott, 111. 97. Eather common in woods at Truro, Annapolis, and Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Halifax, and Pirate's Cove, N.S. (Burgess.) Dry knolls in woods at Bass Eiver, and at Fredericton Junction; rather common at Salmon Eiver, KB. (Fowler, Gat.) Plains of Abraham, Q. (St.Oyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. ^Billings.) Eocky ravines, Gibson's Mountain, and Picton, Prince Edward Co.; Shannonville, and Ti-enton, Hastings Co., and west- ward to Owen Sound, and seven miles up the Kaministiqua, west side of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Iiogie.) Woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) British America. ■(Hooker, Fl.) <2649.) C. Emmonsii, Dew.; Torr. Cyp. 411, (1836.) C. alpestris. Dew. Sill. Journ. VII., 268, (1824.) a Davirii, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 279, (1826.) C. Novss-Angliie, var. Emmonsii, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 556, (1848.) C. leucorum, var. Emmonsii, Chapni. Flora, 539, (1860.) C. Emmonsii, var. elliptiea, Boott, 111. 97. C. varia, var. minor. Hook., Fl. II., 223, (1840.) McNab's Island, Halifax Harbor, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Dry bank near the Manse, Blackville; Petitcodiac; Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) , St. John, N.B. (Burgess.) Montreal Mountain. (C. F. McOrea.) King's Mountain, near Chelsea, Q. ; and at Eock- oliffe, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Chalk Eiver, Eenfrew Co., and westward throughout Ontario to Lake Erie, at Port Stanley ; and north- westerly to Lake Nipigon, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Eocky woodlands, west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logic.) Woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Quesnel, and McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) British America to Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) 160 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2650.) C. Novae-Angliee, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) Eather more northern in its range than C Emmonsii, and often very- like it in general appearance, the purple-margined scale not always being a sure guide. Damp woods, Truro ; Point Pleasant, and McNab's- Island, Halifax Harbor, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Eocky points, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) St. John, Petitcodiac, and Chipman, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Sudbury Junction, northern Ontario, and on rocks ten miles south of Fort William, Lake Superior ; Telegraph Trail, lat. 54°, B.C. ; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,500 feet. (Macoun.) Lake Lindeman, Lewes Eiver. (Schwatka.) Arctic sea- coast, and Methy Portage. (Richardson.) Yar. deflexa, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 124, (1886.) The specimens referred here are distinguished from the species by the deflexed beak of the perigynium, which has also a purple spot on the inside of the bend. Sheaths reticulated at the base. Grassy thickets, McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Var. Rossi i, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 20^, (1885.) C. JRossii, Boott, Hook., FI. II., 222, (1840.) On elevated snow-slides, and grassy margins of thickets, fi'om Castle Mountain to Hector, Eocky Mountains ; Yale Mountain, B.C. ; rocky fields at Cedar Hill, Gordon Head, Home Lake, and Nanaimo, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Eocky Mountains, and North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Telegraph Creek, lat. 58°, B.C. (Dawson.) (2651.) C. umbellata, Schk. (1801) ; Pursh, Fl. L, 44; Hook., Fl. IL, 222. C. umbellata, var. vidna. Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 317, (1826.) Not uncommon, chiefly on sandy soil, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Hillsides at Truro, and on rocks and sand, Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Eocky ground, near the Manse at Blackville ; Eed Bank, and Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicin- ity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Sand hills. Chalk Eiver, Eenfrew Co. ; Oak Hills, Hastings Co. ; on rocks at Otter Head, Lake Superior ; near Lake Ellen, Nipigon Eiver. (Macoun.) British America to Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lakes Superior and Huron ; Methy Por- tage, and at Forts Chipweyan and Simpson. (Richardson.) Var. brevirostris, Boott, 111. 99. C. globosa, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 246, in part, (1880.) Eather common in tufts on rocky banks, from Morley westward in. the Eocky Mountains to Castle Mountain ; dry slopes at Tale, and Jackass Mountain, B.C. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 161 (2652.) C. pubescens, Muhl. (1805); Pursh, Fl. I., 42; Hook., PI. 11., 223. Meadows, and borders of moist woods. Newfoundland. (Beeks.) Petitcodiac, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Stewart's Bush, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eather rare near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Meadows between Belleville and Trenton, Hastings Co. ; near Woolor, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Eich low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) X X Beak of perigynium more or less elongated. * Beak emarginate or obliquely truncate. (2653.) C. scabrata, Scliwoinitz, An. Tab. (1823); Hook., PI. II., 222. Wet meadows and around springs at Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Wet grounds, Bass Eiver, Kent Co.; Norton, and Camp- bellton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Nepisiquit Lake, N.B. (Bay.) Near Quebec. (Cleghorn.) Borders of springs in woods and swamps at Brighton, and Port Hope, Ont. ; Jones Falls, Owen Sound, and at Port Stanley, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) (2654.) C. arctata, Boott, Hook., Fl. IL, 227, (1840.) G sylvatica. Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 40, (1826.) Abundant in meadows and thickets, and in open forest. Margin of dry woods beside the Manse, Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; rather common at Salmon Eiver ; St. John and various places in Wesmoreland Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (B' Urban.) St. Andrews, near Montreal. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Quite common in dry woods at Belleville, Ont., at Grafton and Queenston Heights, and westwai'd to London, Ont. (Macoun.) Var. Faxoni, Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. XIII., 87. Spikes shorter than in the species, usually short-peduncled, erect or neai-ly so, much more densely flowered, part of them usually con- tiguous at the top of the culm, rendering the shorter stamrnate spike inconspicuous ; perigynium usually much larger. (Bailey.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Common at Belleville, and west- ward through the northern part of Ontario to Nipigon Eiver, north of Lake Superior and south-west to Kakabeka Falls, west of that lake. This is evidently the northern form, and is quite distinct in appear- ance from the species. Many of the eastern references very likely belong here. (Macoun.) 11 162 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. C. arctata x flexilis, Eailey. a Knieskernii, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. II., 247, (1846.) I agree with Prof. Bailey in believing that this is a hybrid between 0. arctata and G. fleodlis. Where I gathered the speciraens at Kaka- beka Falls, on the Kaministiqua, thirty miles from Fort William, i/ake Superior, both of these species were found growing in profusion. Specimens of 0. j^eajiKs, sent from Tobique Lake, N.B., by Wetmore, contained a fine clump of G. Knieskernii. It is just possible that after all it is a lax form of G. flexilis, as it certainly approaches that species very closely. (2655.) C. flexilis, Eudge, Linn. Trans. VII., 98, (1804.) C. blepharophora, Gray, Ann. N. Y. Lye. III., 237, (1836.) Newfoundland. {Budge.) Near W.eldford Station ; Eed Bank Creek, and Tobique Eiver; common at Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Falls of Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^ Co., Q. (Macoun.) Dartmouth Eiver, Gasp^ Basin, Gasp^ Co., Q. (J. Bell.) Eed Bay, Lake Huron ; Nipigon House, Lake Nipigon ; abundant at Kakabeka Falls, at Current Eiver, and Otter Head, Lake Superioi-. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassiui, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) (2656.) C. Assiniboinensis, "W. Boott, Bot. Gaz. IX., 91, (1884.) A very beautiful and distinct species well described by Boott. Peri gynium few-ribbed towards the base, hairy, gradually contracted into a very long slender beak, which is white and membranous at the tip; scale white, awl-shaped, the lower ones awned and longer than the perigynium, the others about the same length. In thickets at the Assiniboine Eapids, east of Brandon, and in the Grand Valley, leading to Eapid City, 1879; on a dry limestone point at the "Narrows" of Lake Manitoba, Man., 1881. (^Macoun.) Griswold, Man. (Bev. W. A. Burman.) (2657.) C. iongirostris, Torrey, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. Sprengelii, Dew. ; Sprang. Sys. Veg. III., 827, (1826.) C. longiroslris, var. minor, Bootl, Phila. Acad. Sc. 78, (1863.) C. Iongirostris, var. microcystis, Boeckeler, Linnsea, XLI., 241, (1877.) Growing in large tufts sparingly on rocky ledges or in thickets. Andover, and Sussex, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Ledges, King's Mountain, near Chelsea, Q. ; abundant in a coppice at Hemlock Lake, New Edinburgh, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On Gibson's Mountain, Prince Edward Co. ; on the " Big Boulder," Trent Talley, above Trenton, and •on limestone ridges, Marmora, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Eiver bank, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Souris Eiver, Man. (Burgess.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 163 Thickets, along the Kaministiqua, twenty miles above Port William- rather common at Portage la Prairie and westward to Port Ellice in •the Assiniboine Valley ; rather uncommon on grassy slopes near the Bow Elver, at Morley, Alberta, (Macoun.) Oarleton House to Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2658.) C. Saskatchewana, Bceckeler, Linnaa, XLL, 159, (1876.) This species has been described from young specimens collected by Douglas somewhere on the Saskatchewan. We have seen nothing to ially with the description, and can make no suggestion regarding its proper disposition. Boeckeler places it next to G. vaginata, and Bailey near 0. debilis. Better specimens are much needed, .(2659,) C. capillaris, Linn. (1Y53); Hook., PI. II., 227. C. capillaris, var. elongala, Olney, Prel. Cat. Wheeler's PI. 53. Quite common on the rocky borders of northern lakes and streams. Newfoundland. {La Pylaie.) Bass Eiver, Kent Oo. ; Edmonton, and Kenneheccasis Bay, N, B. {Fowler, Gat.) Boundary Lake, N. B. {Pringle.) Esquimaux Island, Mingan, Q. {St. Gyr.) Salt Lake, -South West Point, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti; common on exposed points, Gasp6 coast ; very common around Lake Superior, and north- ward to Lake Nipigon. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, IS'.E.T. ; The Twins, James Bay. {J. M. Macoun.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. {B. Bell.) Assiniboine Eapids, east of Brandon, Man. ; rather common on the margins of streams and ravines from Morley westward thi-ough the Eocky Mountains to Eoger's Pass, summit of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°, and Peace Eiver Pass, lat. .i6°, B.C. .{Macoun.) Lowes Eiver, lat. 62° north of British Columbia {Dawson.) Fort Norman, Bear Lake, and Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) •Ounalashka. {Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. {Lange.) Yar. Krausei, Krantz. (MSS.) C. Krausei, Bceckeler, Engler's Bot. Jahrb- VII., 279, (1886.) Dr. August Krantz, who has carefully examined the whole collec- ■tions of Krause made in Alaska, writes me that BcBckeler's new species IS only an androgynous form of G. capillaris, and suggests the above varietal name. Alaska. {Krause.) (2660.) C. obesa, Allioni, var. minor, Boott, 111. 161. a mpina, Wahl. (1802) ; Hook., Fl. II.,. 225. We know nothing of this species. None of our specimens are any- thing like it. Bear Lake, and Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) •Greenland. {Lange.) 164 GEOLOGICAL SURVEr OP CANADA. * * Beak Udentate, t Perigynium smooth. (2661.) C. fulva, Good., Linn. Trans. II., 177, (1792) ; Hook., Fl, II., 225. C. Greemana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXX., 61, (1836.) Newfoundland. (Goodenough.) Specimens gathered at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, are refen-ed here, and if correctly so, are certainly indi- genous. The fertile spikes are usually two, the lower is long pedun- culed, and the upper almost sessile ; staminate spike also long pedun- cled. Mr. Arthur Bennett, P.L.S., of England, has confirmed this- identification. (2662.) C. riparia, W. Curtis, Fl. Lond. IV., t. 60, (1792.) C. lacustris, Willd. (1805); Pursh, Fl. I., 45 ; Hook., Fl. II., 227. Newfoundland. (EeeJcs.) In water near Weldford Station, Bass- Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. {B' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marshes,, Bay of Quinte, and in wet meadows and marshes all over central Ontai'io, and westward to Eed Bay, Lake Huron; marshes on Pcl^e- Point, Lake Brie. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Common at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Swamps, Lake of the Woods. (Burgess. Dawson.) Lake Winnipeg, and Cumberland House. (Hooker, Fl.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hayden.) f f Perigynium hirsute. (2663.) C. Houghtonii, Torrey, Cyp. 413,(1836); Hook., Fl. II.,. 223. A beautiful and distinct species found chiefly in the northern pine forests ; on sandy or rocky knolls, where it ci-eeps extensively. On ridges at Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Dry grassy places. Coal Branch, Kent Co. ; Tobique Eiver, at Pokiok, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.)- Dry ridges, Gaspe coast, Q. (Macoun.) Eivi^re Ste. Marguerite, Q. (Pringle.) On a hill 1,500 feet high, at Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Brummond.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; very rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On rocky islands, Partridge Lake, and Gull Lake, Addington Co.; abundant in new meadows in Tudor, Madoc, and Marmora, Hastings Co. ; Elliott's Falls, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co. ; very common in the woods all around Lake- Superior, especially about Port Arthur; common at Lake Nipigon, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) Woods west of Edmonton, lat. 54°, N.W.T. (Macoun.) Methy Portage, lat. 57°. (Richardson.) Hudson Bay to Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan. (Ho'oker, Fl.) CATALOaUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 165 <2664.) C. flliformis, Linn. (ITSS) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223. Peat bogs, and wet marshy meadows. Newfoundland. {Reeks.) Lighthouse Point, Yarmouth, N.S. {Macown.) Elsie, near Eichibucto ; Arthurette, JST.B. {Fowler, Cat.) At Jupiter Eiver, and English Bay, Anticosti ; near Point Fame Lighthouse, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Ste. Helen's Island, Montreal. (0. F. McCrea.) Marsh near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Marsh west of Prescott Junction, Ont. {Billings.) Beaver meadows and marshes, North Hastings, Ont. ; marshes, Bruce Peninsula, Ont. ; Lake Hannah, Nipigon Eiver. and along the Kami- nistiqua, near Fort William ; also on Livingstone Point, Lake Nipi- .gon. {Macoun.) Swampy ground, London, Ont. {Bargess. Millman.) Common in the Columbia Yalley, at Donald, and westward up Beaver ■Creek Valley, Selkirk Mountains ; Westwood's Swamp, near Nanaimo, .and in a marsh at Home Lake, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Noi*- way House to Cumberland House. {Hooker, Fl.) (2665.) C. lanuginosa, Michx., Fl. L, 175, (1803); Hook., Fl. IL, 223. Cpellita, Muhl. (1805) ; Pursh, Fl. I, 44. C.filiformis, var. lanuginosa, Bceck. ; Bailey, Carex, Syn. 74, (1S86.) Wet meadows and marshes, never in bogs ; extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Moncton, and Petit- •codiao; Bdmunton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. {Brittain.) Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Grand Valine, Gasp^ coast, Q. {Macoun.) West of St. Sauveur, Quebec city. {St. Gyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet meadows, near the junction at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Very common in wet meadows throughout central Ontario and westward to Lake Haron at Eed Bay, also north-westerly ax-ound Lake Nipigon, and south to the Kaminis- tiqua, near Port Arthur. {Macoun.) Meadows ^t Kingston, Ont. {Millman.) Vicinity of London, Ont. {Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Saskatchewan Eiver to Methy Portage, lat. 57°. {Richardson.) Very abundant in marshy meadows, through- out the prairie region and extending north to Lake Athabasca, in lat. 59°, and south to lat. 49'', and westerly by Morley through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley ; meadows near Vic- toria, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island. .(Fletcher.) Lake Mistassini ; Canada to Mackenzie Eiver. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. semathorhyncha, C. xmathorhyncha, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 373, (1871.) C.fiHformis, var. xmathorhyncha, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 250, (1880.) C.fiUformis, var. latifolia, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 74, (1886.) We have kept G. lanuginosa distinct from 0. filiformis, because they 166 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. differ sufficiently in habit and general character to constitute good! species. Atjpresent species in America are, in general, too ill-defined, and it is the opinion of the writer that all permanent forms should be- described, and specific distinctions placed on record, so that future workers may have less difficulty in working up the plants of any region than has been experienced by me in elaborating the flora of Canada. Specimens referred here were collected at Vancouver city,, on Burrard Inlet, by Prof. Fowler. They agree precisely with Mr. "W. Boott's description, and specimens distributed by Suksdorf. * * * Perigynium long-beaked, inflated and bicuspidate. t Perigynium smooth. X Lupulinoe, Bailey, Car ex, Syn. 61. (2666.) C. subulata, Michx. (1803) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 40; Hook., FL II., 221. C. CoUinm, Nutt., Gen. N. Am. PI. II., 205, (1818.) C. Michauxii, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 273, (1826.) Deep cedar swamps, in sphagnum. Canada. {Hooker, Fl.) We have no Canadian specimens of this species. Collectors should look for it in Quebec and New Brunswick. The reflexed teeth of the perigynium and grass-like appearance of the whole plant distinguish it from the- next, which grows in the same situations. (2667.) C. Michauxiana, Boeeckeler, Linnsea, XLl., 336, (1877.) C. rostraia, Michx., Fl. I., 173, (1803.) C. xanthophysa, vars. nana & minor, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., 353, (1828.)' C.foUiculata, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) Peat bogs, ^Newfoundland. {La Pylaie.) Cold bog near Louisburg^ Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Bog at Eothesay ; Lily Lake, and border of Clifton Lake, KB. {Fowler, Cat.) Lake Mistassini, K.E.T. {Hooker, Fl.) (2668.) C. folliculata, Linn. Sp. Plant, 978, (1753.) C. xanthophysa, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 152, (1802.) Peat bogs and marshes. Cold swamps, Newfoundland. {Beeks.} Marshes and wet ground in numerous places at Point Pleasant, and North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Halifax, N.S, {Sommers, Cat.) Norton, and St. Martin's, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) East- man's Springs, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Port Cockburn,. Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. {Burgess.) Peat bog, Caledonia Springs,, near Ottawa. {C. F. McCrea.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 16T (2669.) C. intumescens, Eudge, Linn. Trans. VIL, 91. (1804); Hook., PL II., 221. Cfolliculata, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 152, (1802) ; Michx., Fl. I., 172, (1803) ; Pursb, Fl. I., 42, (1814.) Swamps and marshy woods ; common. Newfouadland. {La Pylaie.) Truro, and Annapolis, N.S. (^Macoun.) Eather common in Pictou, and Guysboro Go's., N.S. (McKay.) Grlenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Eather common ia Kent Co.; King's Co., and on St. John Biver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Plains of Abraham, Quebec. (St. Gyr.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Woods near Buckingham, Q. (Ami.) St. Andrews, near Montreal. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.') Very common in wet woods throughout central Ontario, and westward to Amherstburgh Lake Brie, and Owen Sound, Georgian Bay ; also north-westerly to Lake Ellen, Nipigon Eiver, and along the west shore of Lake Superior, and westward to Eainy Lake. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Norway House, north of Lake Winnipeg. Soaker, Fl.) Lake of the Woods, and Eainy Lake. (Bichardson.) (2670.) C. Crayii, Carey, Sill. Journ. IV., 22, (184Y.) C. intumescens, var. globuiaris, Gray, Ann. N. Y. Lye. III., 236, (1836.) Damp woods near Buckingham, Q. ; very rare, collected by H. M. Ami. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Abundant in wet grassy woods, Colchester, near Amherstburgh, Lake Brie. (Macoun.) (2671.) C. lurida, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 153, (1802.) C. lupidina, Muhl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II.-, 223; Macoun, Cat. No. 2118 ; " Pursh, Fl. I., 41, (1814.) a Canadensis, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLI., 2d. Ser. 229, (1866.) Abundant in tufts about ponds and in ditches in Ontario. Near Windsor, N.S. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Hampton, and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) St. John, on the Eichelieu Eivei-, Q. (C. F. McCrea.) Gatineau Point, Q. ; and abundant in all low grounds at Ottawa, in various foi-ms- (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common throughout central and western Ontario, extending to fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) London, Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Bssex Co., Ont. ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Port Oolborne, Lake Erie. (McGill .Coll. Herb.) Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) 168 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Var. divergens, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 63, (1886.) C. Bella-villa, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. XLI., 229, (1866.) " Plant more slender, spikes scattered or remote, oblong- or cylindri- cal, much more loosely flowei*ed, more or less staminate at the apex; perigynium more straw-colored, less turgid, slenderly beaked, diverg- ing at right angles; scales longer, conspicuously awned." {Bailey.) Marshy meadows near- Poxboro, six miles north of Belleville, Hast- ings Co., Ont. I believe, with Prof. Bailey, that this is a variety of C. lurida, but it cannot be a hybrid with G. folliculata, as that species has never been found within one hundred miles of the locality. Var. polystachya, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 63, (1886.) C. lupidina, var. polystachya, Schweinitz & Terr., Mon. Cyp. 337, (1825.) C. lupuliformis, Sartwell, Exsicc. 147, (1848.) C. BeyricUana, Boeckeler, Linnsea, XLI., 239, (1877.) In Hastings and Northumberland Co's., Ont., there are numerous forms of G. lurida, all of which have pedunculate and scattered spikes, and are very unlike typical G. lurida. One of these was named G. Ganadensis, by Dewey, and the others referred to G. lupulina, var. pedunculata, and var. gigantoidea, Dewey. These are now placed under this form pending a better arrangement of the several varieties of this multiform species. t X Vesicarioe, Bailey, Garex, Syn, 64. (2672.) C. oligosperma, Michx., Fl. I., 174, (1803); Hook., Fl. 11.220..'' C. Oake^ana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., 351, (1828.) Peat and sphagnum swamps, rather rare. ^Labrador. (Allen.) In a peat bog near Eichibncto, and at Madawaska, N.B. (Fovjler, Gat.) Thunder Eiver, Q. {St. Gyr.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Git.) Abundant in bogs, Kiladar and Kennebec, Addington Co., and Tudor, Hastings Co., Ont. ; One-mile Portage, Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Lake Superior. {Richardson.) London ; and Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. {Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.). Fi-om Norway House, Lake "Winnipeg, to English River, and Bear Lake, lat. 66°. {Richardson.) Peat bogs, Methy Portage, lat. 57°, where it is in abundance. {Macoun.) (2673.) C. Raeana, Boott, Rich. Arc. Bxped. II., 344, (1857.) We have never seen specimens of this species except those of Prof. Fowler, from New Brunswick, and the younger specimens collected by Mr. C. E. Smith in northern Maine, and distributed by Olney and OATALOGtTE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 169 ■Canby as 0. pulla. Prof. Bftiley, in his Cai-ex Synopsis, page 66, seems to refer these specimens to 0. saxatilis, var. (?) miliaris, but on the pre- ■coding page he evidently places the same specimens under this species. In the latter case I agree with him, as the Maine specimens are over two feet in height. He says, speaking of var. (?) miUidris: "very slender, six to sixteen inches high," which cuts out the Maine (immature) specimens altogether, and, in my opinion, Prof. Fowler's New Brunswick specimens also. It is just possible that 0. pulla, Gray, Man. 602, and C. Saeana, are the same, and my tall Anticosti specimens of 0. rotundata, and Prof. Porter's specimens from Maine, are C. miliaris, Michx. Specimens collected at Lake Mistassini, by Mr. J. M. Macoun, would also come in with G. miliaris. As it was at Lake Mistassini that Michaux 'obtained the specimens on which he founded the species, our view of the case may be the correct one. Wet shores Eothesay and on the opposite side of the Kennebeccasis Eiver, N.B. {Fower, Cat.) Methy Portage, long. 110^, lat. 57°. (Sichardson.) While on the Portage in September, 18Y5, I looked for this species, but bi'ought away JJ. oligosperma instead of it. (2674.) C. miliaris, Michx., Fl. L, 174, (1803); Pursh, Fl. L, 41; Hook., Fl. II., 224. C. saxatilis, var. (?) miliaris, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. IX., 120, (1884.) C. pulla, var. (?) miliaris, Gray, Man. Ed. V. 602, (1868.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (^Michaux. J. M. Macoun.) Ungava Bay, Labrador, 1884. {Turner vide Bailey.) In wet gravel along Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, near its mouth, 1883. {Macoun.) The specimens irom the above mentioned places are all alike, but those from Anticosti are much taller, and exactly match Prof T. Porter's specimens from Moosehead Lake, Maine. The Canadian specimens have their sheaths more or less fibrous, and the perigynium a distinctly notched beak. (2675.) C. physocarpa, Presl, Eeliq. Hsenk. L 205, (1830.) Abundant in the Bow Eiver Valley, and along mountain streams up to 5,500 feet, and extending from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald, in the Columbia Yalley. {Macoun.) Eocky Mountains of British America. {Brummond.) (2676.) C. saxatilis, Linn., Fl. Lapp. 259. a pulla, Good., Linn. Trans. III., 78, (1797.) C. vesiearia, var. alpigena. Fries. Mant. 11., 142. Specimens collected on "The Twins," in James Bay, in July, 1887, by J. M. Macoun, are referred here by Mr. Bennett, who says they are identical with Norwegian specimens in his possession. {Macoun.) -Greenland. {Lange.) 1*70 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Yar. (?) Graham i, Hook. & Ai-n., Brit. PL, Ed. VIII., 510. a Grahami, Boott, Linn. Trans. XIX., 215, (1843.) C. saxatilis, var. major, Olney, Bot King's Exp. V., 370, (1871.) a saxatUis, Hook., Fl. II., 220, (1840.) ' Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2611.) C. compacta, E. Br., Eoss. Toy. App. page 143, (1823.) C. membranacea, Hook., App. Parry's 2nd Voy., 406 ; Hook., Fl. II., 220' C hymenocarpa, Drejer, Kevis. Crit. Car. 58, (1841.) C. ampiillacea, var. borecUis, Lange, Rink's, Groenl. II., 118. C. rotundata, Eothrock's Alaskan PI. 457. Ai'Ctic coast ; Southampton Island ; Duckett's Cove, North Somerset \. Kotzebue Sound. {Hooker, Fl.) Baffin's Bay. {B.Brown.) CapeChud- leigh, Nottingham Island, and Eskimo village of Hyla, Hudson Straits. {B. Bell.) Bear Lake. {Brummond vide Bailey) Kotzebue Sound. {Bothr. Alask.) On the coast of Hudson Bay, between Fort Chui-chill and Cape Lady Pelly. {Br. Bae.) Arctic sea-coast. {Bichardson.) {2618.) C. rotundata, Wahl. El. Lapp. 235, (1812) ; Hook., Fl. II., 220. Arctic America ; Slave Lake, and Fort Enterprise. {Hooker, Fl.) Specimens from Ungava Bay, northern Labrador (Turner, 1884), are evidently this species. (Bailey.) North Twin Island, James Bay,. 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) (2679.) C. rostrata, Withering, Arrang. Brit. PI., Ed. II., (1*790.) C. vedcaria, Pursh, Fl. I., 45, (1814.) C. ohlusangvla, Ehrh. Calam. Exs., No. 50, (1791.) C. ampuUaeea, Good., Linn. Trans. II., 207, (1792.) Bog North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Table Top- Mountain, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Six miles up Becscie Eiver, Antieosti ; Lake Nipigon, Ont. ; common along the tributaries of the Saskatche- wan, and north to Methy Portage, lat. 57° ; valley of Bow Eiver, at Calgary, and westward through the Eocky Mountains, to the Columbia Valley, where it is common. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, English Eiver, and Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hayden.) Chui-chill Eiver, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Near Pincher Creek, Eocky Mountains. (Bawson.) Vancouver city, Bui-- rard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Common in marshes near Cedar Hill, and at Nanaimo, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.)- Lake, six miles from Victoria, and Mount Finlayson, Vancouver- Island. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. lYl' Yar. utriculata, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 67, (1886.) C. uirimlata, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) C. lUrievlata, var. minor, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) C. ampvllacea, var. utrimdata, Carey, Gray, Man. 566, (1848.) G. ucrieulata, var. globosa, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 374, (1871.) A very common Carex in marshes and by streams from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In bogs at Truro, and Windsor, N.S. ; and at North Sydney Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Pictou Co., N.S. {McKay.) Swampy places, Bass Eiver, Prederictou, and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.)- Point Sech6, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) St. Sauveur, Quebec city- (/St Cyr.) Eiver Eichelieu, at Dorchester, Q. (C. F. McOrea.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (^Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Yery common in marshes and swamps throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay ; and north-westerly to Nipigon Eiver, at Ead Eock,. and west to Lake of the Woods. (^Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Eed Eiver prairie, and Souris Yalley, Man. (Dawson.)- Canada to Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) Marshes along the various streams in the prairie region, and west to Calgary, on the Bow Eiver. (Macoun.) Lakes Superior and Huron, and Methy Portage. (Bichardson.) (2680.) C. monile, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 20, (1843.) a Vaseyi, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. XXIX., 347, (1860.) Not uncommon in ditches and along streams. Glenelg, Guysboro^ Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Pictou, N.S. ; St. John, N.B. (Burgess.) Wet places, at Bass Eiver, and Fredericton ; also Salmon Eiver ; borders of Lake Elsie, Eichibucto, N.B (Fowler, Cat.) Moffatt's Island, oppo- site Montreal. (0. F. McCrea.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.y Eatber common in all the river bottoms in central Ontario, from Belleville westward to Owen Sound, and north-westerly to the Long Portage, Nipigon Eiver, and along Current Eiver, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. ; Severn Eiver Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.)- Yalley of the Columbia, at Donald, B.C. (Macoun.) (2681.) C. vesicaria, Linn. Sp. PI. 979, (1753.) We have seen no specimens which we can name true C. vesicaria.^ Northern British Columbia. (Rothroch vide Bailey.) Sitka, and Kotze- bue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Yar. major, Boott, Hook., Fl. 11., 221, (1840.) Yalley of the Eraser, at Ladner's Landing, B.C. (Fletcher.) Abun- dant in marshes and by rivers at Yictoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum, and. especially at Sproat Lake, near Alberni, Yancouver Island. (Macoun.)- 172 GEOLOGICAL SrUVEY OF CANADA. (2682.) C. Tuckermani, Boott, Hook., Journ. Bot. V., 13, (1846.) a buUata, Dew. Sill. Jonrn. IX., 71, (1825); Hook., Fl. II., 221. C. Tuckermani, var. cylindrica, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIV., 48, (1845.) C. cylindrica, Carey, Gray, Man. 566, (1848.) Eather common in somo localities growin' Urban.) Grand Trunk gravel pit, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abun. dant on Laurentian rocks, at Shannonville, and on tbe bank of the Trent, above the railway bridge, near Trenton, Haetings Co., Ont. ; dry places at Owen Sound ; up the Kaministiqua, near Kakabeka Falls, and on Pie Island, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Dry banks, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Plains of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2697.) P. dichotomum, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 67. Eather common in dry or damp thickets and meadows. The typical form is the P. nodiflorum, Lam., and is chiefly found in meadows and on rocks. Newfoundland. (Beehs.) Common at Bedford, IST.S. (Macoun.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., IST.S. (Faribault.) In dry fields and woods, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) (Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Banks of the Eivi^re Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D'Urban.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drum- mmd.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; common. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Thickets near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant on dry sandy soil through- out Ontario, extending westward to Owen Sound, and north-west to Sault Ste. Marie, and around Lake Superior to Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Out. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Windsor, and Point Pelee, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Eupert Eivcr, N.E.T. ; Medicine Hat, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Var. nitidum, Lam.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 649. P. nitidum, Lam. ; Michx., Fl. I., 47; Pursh, Fl. I., 67;; Hook., Fl. II., 235. This is the smooth unbranohed form most frequently met with in thickets. St. James, N.B. (Vroom.) Sandy woods, near Belleville, and Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to the Sas- katchewan. (Hooker, FL) Var. pubescens, Gray, Man. Ed, V., 649. P.pubescens, Lam.; Michx., Fl. I., 47; Pursh, Fl. I., 68. P. thermale, Boland. Proced. Cahf. Acad. XL, 181. Leaves and sheaths pubescent. Sandy woods. Point Pel^e, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Valley of the Upper Columbia, B.C. (Dawson.) On the higher slopes of Mount Dawson, Eoger's Pass, B.C. (Macoun.) (2698.) P. GLABRUM, Gaud. Agrost. ]., 22. Digitaria glabra, Roem. & Schultz. ; Torr. Fl. I., 154. D. Ischsemum, Schreb. ; Muhl. Gram. 121. Introduced chiefly along railways and waste ground about towns. Truro, and Pictou, W.S. (Macoun.) Predericton, on the railway track; CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 179 ISTasbwaaksis, Hampton, and Salmon Eivex', N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Point L6vis, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eail- way track, two miles west of Prescott, Ont., and in a sandy field near that town. {Billings.) "Waste places at Belleville, and Owen Sound ; on the railway track at St. Thomas, Chatham, and Windsor, Ont. (Macoun.) Near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Meadows, roadsides, and lawns, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2699.) P. latifolium, Linn.; Michx., Fl. L, 49; Pursh, Fl. L, 68 ; Hook., Fl. ir., 235. . P. clandesiinum, Hook., Fl. II., 235. Waste ground, Grand Trunk gravel pit, near Prescott, Ont. (Bil- lings.) Eich rocky woods and thickets, common in Prince Edward, Hastings, and Northumberland Go's., Ont. ; Grassy woods, Niagara Falls. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Sandy wood- lands, near London. (Burgess. Millman.) Jones Falls, near Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Quebec, and Ontario. (Hooker, Fl.) (2700.) P. laxiflorum, Lam.; Pursh, Fl. I, 68. Small specimens of this species have been sent from St. Stephen, UST.B., by Mr. James Vroom. They are, although very small, identical with others received from Dr. Vasey, Botanist Agricultural Depart- ment, Washington. (2701.) P. microcarpum, Muhl. var. spheerocarpon, Vasey. P. dichotomum, var. sphierocarpum, Gray. In thickets on dry hillsides, near Windsor, N.S., 1883. (Macoun & Burgess.) All the various forms which have hitherto passed as P. dichotomum should be carefully examined and compared with authentic specimens as there is no doubt but we have more forms than are here recorded. (2702.) P. pauciflorum, Ell; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 648. Open prairie, Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Swampy prairie, Eed Eiver, Man. (Dawson.) (2703.) P. sANGtJiNALE, Linn. Sp. PI. I., 55. Digitaria sanguinale, Michx., Fl. I. 45 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 69. Syntherisma prxcox, Walt Fl. Car. 76. Fields, roadsides, and railway tracks, sparingly introduced. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Banks of the St. Lawrence, west of Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Common at Queenston and Niagara. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Waste places at London, and Point Pel^e, Ont. (Burgess.) Eoadside, Port Dover, Ont. (Millman.) 180 GEOLOGICALtSTJRVET OP CANADA. (2704.)^P. scoparium, Lam. Bncycl. lY. P. pauciflorum, Ell. (?) ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 648. Sparingly collected on Point Pel^e, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Spence's Bridge, B.C. (^Fletcher.) Abundant at Long Lake, near Departure Bay, shores of Shawnigan and Home Lakes, and common at Alberni,. on the west coast of Yancouver Island. {Macoun.) (270.').) P. virgatum, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I, 352 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 67 ;. Hook., PL II., 235. Sandy shores of rivers and lakes. Sands of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; shores of Bed and Chicken Bays, Lake Huron. (^Macoun.y Port Colborne, Lake Erie. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Point aux Pins,. Lake Erie. {Burgess.) Bed Deer River, north of Porcupine Mountain,. Man. ; sand hills, at the source of the Qu'Appelle Eiver, Assiniboia^ (^Macoun.) Lake Huron, and Saskatchewan. {Hooker, Fl.) Red River,. Man., 1826. {Douglas.) (2706.) P. xanthophysum, Gray, Gram. & Cyp. I., 20; Hook., PI. II., 235. Bather rare in open, rocky, or sandy woods. Yicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Fields near the Grand Trunk gravel pit, Prescott,. Ont. {Billings.) Diy thickets and meadows, east of Belleville ; very common ; also on Rice Lake Plains, and at Port Dover Junction,. Ont. {Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Port Colborne^ Lake Erie. {McGill ColV Serb.) La Oloche, Trading Post, Georgian Bay. {B. Bell.) Sandy soil, twenty miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior ; not uncommon in thickets along the Assiniboine, as- far west as Fort Ellice, Man. {Macoun.) Plains of the Saskatchewan,. {Soaker, Fl.) 674. SETARIA, Beauv. (BRISTLY FOXTAIL-GRASS.) (27.07.) S. GLAUCA, Beauv. ; Hook., PI. II., 236. Panicum glaucum, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 46 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 66. Pennisetum glaucum, B,. Br., Prodr. 195. Naturalised in cultivated grounds, and on waste places about towns and cities. A common weed in gardens and manured ground, Bass Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) St. Eemi, Q. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Point L6vis, Q. {Macoun.) Quebec city. {St. Cyr.) Yicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Yery common at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Abun- dant in all cultivated grounds near barns, and on waste lots in villager CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 181 in central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Waste lots and gardens, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Fields near London, Ont. ■{Burgess. Millman.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) <2*708.) S. Italica, Kunth ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 650. Introduced and cultivated, but spontaneous for some years after. Yacant lots, Quebec. {St. Gyr.) Common on waste lots, Ottawa. ■{Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Frequent in vacant lots about towns and vil- lages in central Ontario. {Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Old fields, London, Ont. {Burgess, Millman.) (2'709.) S. VERTiciLLATA, Beauv. ; Gray, Man. Bd. V., 649. Panicum verticillaium, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 66. Waste places near dwellings ; not common. Pictou Co., N.S. {Som- mers, Cat.) On ballast at St. John, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Not rare in cultivated ground around Belleville, Ont. ; fields at Owen Sound ; waste lots, Toronto. (Macoun.) Eoadside near Montreal. {Fletcher.) Fields and roadsides, Hamilton, Ont. (^Logie.) {2710.) S. viRiDis, Beauv. Agrost. 51. Panicum viride, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 66, Penniselum viride, R. Br. Prodr. 195. Naturalized in cultivated grounds. Yery common everywhere in the settled districts. Grand Lake, Halifax Co., N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Gardens and cultivated grounds, Bass Eiver, N.B. (^Fowler, Oat.) Yacant lots, Quebec. {St. Cyr.) Point L^vis, Q. {Macoun.) Yery abundant about Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Yery common at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in all cultivated ground throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Fields and waste places, Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Yicinity of London, Ont. ; Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) 675. CENCHRUS, Linn. (HEDGE-HOG GRASS) (2'711.) C. TRiBULOiDES, Linn.; Michx., Fl. L, 61 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 60. C. ecUnaius, Muhl. ; Torr., Fl. I., 68. C Carolinianus, Walt., Fl. Car. 79. Introduced along railways in a few localities. Great Western Eail- way, a mile east of Dundas, Ont. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. {McGill Coll. Serb.) Point Pol^e, and Point aux Pins, Lake Brie. {Burgess.) Sandy shore, near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Pearson.) 182 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 676. SPARTINA, Schreb. (CORD-GRASS) (2Y12.) S. cynosuroides, Willd. Bnum. I., 80; Hook., Fl. II., 242. S. polystachya, Hook., Fl. 11., 242. Dactylis cynosuroides, Linn. Sp. I., 71. Trachynotia cynosuroides, Michx., Fl. I., 64. Limnetis cynosuroides, Pursh, Fl. I., 59. Abundant in fresh and salt-water marshes and by rivers. Marsh at Truro, N.S. (Campbell.) Oyster Marsh, N.S. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Marshes at Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S., and Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Marshes, especially near the coast, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at the mouth of the Eestigouche,Q. (Macoun.) Pentecost Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) St. Eemi, and Montreal Mountain, Q. (McQill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eiver Trent, at Trenton, and Wal- ler's Bay, Lake Ontario ; not uncommon along the still waters of the Trent and Gull rivers, in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Moon Eiver, Muskoka, and London, Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Souris Eiver, Man. (Millman.) Very abundant in marshes throughout Manitoba and north-westward to the Saskatchewan. (Macoun.) Eed Eiver prairie, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) Saskatchewan to Little Slave Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) Win- nipeg, and Northwest Angle Eoad ; east of the Souris Eiver, Man. (Dawson.) (2Y13.) S. gracilis, Trin.; Steud. Gram. 214. Very abundant in salt marshes throughout the whole prairie region. It is seldom tall, and is usually cut for hay. Old Wives Lakes, Eed Deer Lakes, and the prairie south of Battleford. (Macoun.) Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Millman, Dawson.) (2714.) S. juncea, Willd. Enum. I., 81. Trachynotia juncea, Michx., Fl. I., 64. Limnetic juncea, Pers.; Pursh, Fl. I., 59. Salt marshes at Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Salt marshes, Kouchibou- guac, and Eichibucto, N B. (Fowler, Cat.) Marshes, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Newfoundland. (Beeks.) Margaret's Bay, N.S. (Millman, Herb.) Salt marshes, Bic, Q. (Pringle.) ■■ CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 183 (2715.) S. polystachya, Willd.; Hook., Fl. II., 242, in part. Canada. {Hooker, Fl.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. {McKay.) We strongly suspect that these references belong to S. cynosuroides. The remark in Gray's Manual that S. cynosuroides is only a fresh-water species, is not borne out by the facts, as all my eastern specimens were gathered in brackish marshes, and certainly the awn and other distinctive characters were just as well marked as in the specimens from the Great Lakes. (2116.) S. Stricta, Eoth. var. glabra, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 628 Salt marshes, Baddeck, Cape Breton. {Burgess.) Marshes, Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Yar. alterniflora, Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 620. :N'ewfoundland. {Reeks.) Piclou, N.S. {McKay.) Salt marshes, Eichibucto, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt marsh, nearly at low tide, Ellis Bay, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Margaret's Bay, N.S. {Millman, Herh.) Salt marsh. Lower St. Lawrence. ( Pringle.) Cacouna, Q. {Burgess, Herb.) 677. ZIZANIA, Linn. Gen. 1062. (WILD RICE.) (2'71'7.) Z. aquatica, Linn.; Pursh, PI. L, 60. Z. clamdosa, Michx., Fl. I., 75. Hydropyrum escvlentum, Link. ; Hook., Fl. II., 233. Yery abundant in many marshes and lakes throughout Ontario. Abundant in water at Hampton, and other places in King's Co. ; not rare at Salmon Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Beauport, Q. ; and Island of Orleans. {St. Cyr.) St. Andrews, Q. {McaUl Coll. Herh.) Borders of rivers and brooks, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Yery abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and Eice Lake, and throughout the whole length of the Trent and all its tributaries; common in marshes all around the Great Lakes, and nine miles west of Fort William, Thunder Bay. {Macoun.) Marsh at the mouth of the Mississaugi Eiver, Georgian Bay. {B. Bell.) Marshes, Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Marshes at Kingston, and Picton, Ont. {Millman.) Toronto marsh , and Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. {Burgess.) Lake of the Woods, Eosseau Eiver, Man. {Burgess. Dawson.) Lake Huron. {Hooker, Fl.) New- foundland. {Reeks.) 184 GEOLOaiCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 678. LEERSIA, Swartz. (WHITE GRASS.) <2718.) L. oryzoides, Swartz. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 62 ; Hook., Fl. IL, 233. Phalaris oryzoides, Linn. Sp. I., 55. Asprella oryzoides,. Jjam. 111. No. 858. Trui'o, and Windsor; IST.S. (Macoun.) Wet banks of streams, Bass Biver, ISr.B {Fowler, Cat.) Charlotte and Carleton Go's., N.B. (Vroom.) King's Co., 'N.'B. (Brittam.) Aylmer, Q. ; rare near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Conway's Creek ; very common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Low marshy meadows and ditches ; common throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Marshes, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Shallow water, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Newfoundland. (Reeks.) (2*719.) L. Virginica, Willd. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 233. Asprella Virginica, Ecem. & Schultz. Syst. II., 266. Swamps in wet, shady woods, evidently rare in Ontario. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Shallow water, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Ontario. (Goldie.) Newfoundland. (Reeks.) 679. ANDROPOCON, Linn. Gen. 1145. (BEARD-GRASS.) (2*720.) A. provincialis, Lam ; Scribner, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. IX., 116. A.furcatus, Muhl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 75; Hook., Fl. II., 256 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2268. Eather common in dry, sandy thickets or open woods. Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eocky woodlands,- west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Sandy fields and thickets east of Belleville; very abundant on Eice Lake Plains, and on sandy and gravelly soil all through central Ontario, and westward to Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie ) Port Colborne, Ont. (McG-ill Coll. Serb.) Shady woodland, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Shores of Eed Deer Eiver, near Porcupine Mountain, Man (Macoun.) Hud- eon Bay; Lake Huron; Saskatchewan to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson. Burgess.) Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 185 (2'721.) A. scoparius, Michx., PI. I., 57; Pursh, PI. I., 74; Hook., Fl. II., 256. A. pwpwascens, "Willd. Sp. IV., 913. PoUinia scoparia, Spreng. ; Kcem. & Schultz. Syst. II., 832. Dry sandy soil, widely distributed. Goat Island, in Grand Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Kirk's Perry, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Otf) Abun- dant on Eice Lake Plains, and vrestward to Lakes Brie and Huron. (^Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Ont. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Sandy soil, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman) Bast side ot La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (B. Bell.) South Antler Creek, Man. (Millman.) Abundant in dry spots in Manitoba, and throughout the southern prairie region to Calgary and Morley, Alberta. (Macoun.) Banks of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 680. CHYSOPOCON, Trin, (WOOD-GRASS.) ■(2'722.) C. nutans, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant. III., 1135. Andropogon nulam, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 74. A. avenaceus, Michx., Fl. I., 58; Pursh, Fl. I., 74; Hook., Fl. II., 257. Sorghum nutans, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2271. Dry sandy woods, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eocky wood- land west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Bank of the Trent at Heely Falls ; common on Eice Lake Plains ; along the Humber and Don, at Toronto, and at Niagara Palls. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London ; and Port Cockburn, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) .Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) 681. PHALARIS, Linn. Gen. 74. (CANARY-GRASS.) (2723.) P. arundinacea, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 43 ; Parsh, Fl. I., 65 ; Hook., Fl. II., 234. P. Americana, Terr., Fl. I., 100. Calamagrostis coloraia, Nutt., Gen. I., 46. In ditches, marshes, and the borders of ponds ; common westward Marshes at Truro, and Annapolis, N.S. ; and at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Not uncommon in Carleton Co., and along the St. John Eiver, KB. ( Vroom.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Becscie Eiver, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, 186 GEOLOGICAL SURVEr OP CANADA. Fl. Ott.) Swamps; common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.^ Borders of ponds, marshes, and swamps, throughout central Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, north-westerly to Lake Nipigon, and south to the Kaministiqua Elver, fifteen miles from its mouth. {Mdcoun ) Vicin- ity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Port Colborne, Ont. {McGill Coll. Serb.) Swampy river bank, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.') Sault Ste. Mai-ie. (R. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.} Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Black Elver, Lake Winnipeg ; Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods ; Eed Elver prairie, Man. (Dawson.) Abundant in marshes throughout Manitoba, and westward to the Peace Elver, lat. 56° ; rather common in ponds in the foot-hills around Morley, and westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley; common in northern British Columbia on the Nachacco ; along Shawnigan Lake, and the Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Frequent on the banks of streams, from Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the Pacific ocean. (Hooker, Fl.) Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2Y24.) P. Canariensis, Linn. Sp. I., 54. Spontaneous on waste heaps around towns and villages. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Spreading from ballast at St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Quebec city. (^t. Cyr.) Around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Waste places, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Waste heaps at Belle- ville, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake shore at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Waste places, London,- Ont, (Burgess.) On ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 682. ANTHOXANTHUM, Linn. Gen. 42. (SWEET- SCENTED VERNALk GRASS.) (2'725.) A. odoratum, Linn. ; Michx., fl. I., 39 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 65 ; Hook., Fl. II., 235. Inti'oduced in meadows and pastures, chiefly eastward. Newfound- land. (Reeks.) Bedford, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Truro, Halifax, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Common in grass fields and pastures, Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ste. Genevieve Island, Seven islands Bay, and Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Port Colborne, Ont. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Low mea- dows, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Abundant in meadows at Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Greenland. (Lange.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 187 683. HIEROCHLOA, Cmel. (HOLY GRASS.) (2126.) H. alpina, Eoem. & Schultz.; Hook., PI. II,, 234. Holcus alpinm, Wahl. Fl. Lapp., 31. On the summits of high mountains and northward. Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Cape Chudleigh, and Cape Prince of Wales, Hud- son Strait. (B. Bell) Ungava Bay, Labrador. {Barnston.) Pond's Bay, and Lancaster Sound, Baffin's Bay. {Dr. Kennedy.) On the coast of Hudson Bay, between Port Churchill and Cape Lady Pelly. {Dr. Mae.) Moose Pactory, James Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hay dm.) Port Greorge, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspd, Q. {Macoun. Porter.) Mountain at Finlayson Eiver, alt. 4,300 feet, lat. 61° 30°, north of British Columbia. {Dawson.) Labrador, and Arctic sea-shores and islands. {Hooker, FL) Ounalashka, Kotzcbue Sound, and Arctic coast. {Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. {Lange.) (2727.) H. borealis, Eoem. & Schultz.; Hook., Pi. II., 234. Holcus odoratw, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 56. H.fragrans, Pursh, Fl. I., 78. Sandy shores, meadows, or prairies ; widely distributed. Newfound- land. {Beeks.) Truro, and Yarmouth, N.S. {Macoun.) On the Mag- dalen Islands, N.S. {J. Bichardson.) Bedford Basin, N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Coast of Labrador. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Molus Eiver, Eichi- bucto and elsewhere, in Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Sheldrake Eiver, and Pentecost Eiver, Q. {St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. {Porter.) Border of a field near Belleville, Ont. ; extremely abundant all around Lake Superior, and northward up the Nipigon Eiver, to Camp Alexander. {Macoun.) Eiver flat, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) Point aux Pins, Lake Erie ; Emerson, Man. {Burgess.) Swampy prairie, Eed Eiver, and Pembina Mountain, Man. {Dawson.) Lake Mistassini, and down Eupert Eiver, to James Bay; Beren's Eiver, and Severn River, Kee- watin ; Moose Mountain, Man. {J. M. Macoun.) Oxford House, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) Very common in wet prairies and along rivers and lakes throughout the whole prairie region, and north to Peace Eiver; not uncommon from the meadows at Morley through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Yalley; common in northern Bri- tish Columbia to lat. 55°, at Port McLeod. {Macoun.) Telegraph Greek, lat. 58°, B.C. ; Upper Liard Eiver, lat. 60°, B.C. ; Lewes Eiver, 188 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. lat. 62°, north of British Columbia. (JDawson.') Ounalashka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) Saskatchewan, and the Eocky Mountains ; dry ground, near the source of the Columbia ; Nootka Sound. {Hooker, Fl.) (2728.) H. pauciflora, E. Brown, Hook., PL II., 234. Melville, and other Arctic Islands. (Hooker, Fl.) €84. ALOPECURIS, Linn. Gen. 18. (FOX-TAIL GRASS.) {2'729.) A. alpinus, Smith; Hook., Fl. II., 234, in part. Cape Prince of Wales, Digge's Island, Mansfield Island, and Notting- ham Island, Hudson Strait. (S. Bell) Fort George, James Bay ; between Fort Severn, and York Factory, Hudso n Bay. (J. M. Macoun) Island of St. Lawrence, and Kotzebue Sound. (Hothr. Alask.) Pond's Bay, and Port Kennedy, Lancaster Sound. (Dr. Walker.) Coast of Hudson Bay, between Fort Churchill and Eepulse Bay. (Dr. Rae.) Arctic sea-shores and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Point Barrow, Arctic coast. (John Murdoch.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2730.) A. geniculatus, Linn. ; Hook., PI. II., 233. Apparently introduced eastward. Newfoundland. (Beeks) Abun- dant in ditches, Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun. Sommers, Gat.) St. Andrews, N.B. ( Froom.) "Wet places, Carlelon. N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gravelly beach at the lower end of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; muddy flats at Amherstbm-gh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Watery places on the prairie west of Eed Deer Lakes, Alberta. (Macoun.) Along the South Saskatchewan, Alberta. (Dawson.) Greenland. (Lange.) Yar. aristulatUS, Munro; Torr., Fl. I., 97. A. arisiulaius, Michx., Fl. I., 43 ; Hook., Fl. II., 233 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2115. A. mb-aristalus, Pursh, Fl. I., 66- Muddy places and ponds ; common and widely distributed. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay) Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vrocm.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Brittain.) Wet places, Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common throughout central Ontario, and extending north-westerly to Nipigon Eiver and Lake. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Shallow water at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay; Dawson Eoad, near CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 189 Port Arthur; at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Kingston, Ont. (Millman.} Eupert Eiver, ]Sr.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Churchill Eiver, Hudson Bay. (R Bell.) ISTot uncommon between Win- nipeg and Point du Chien, Man. (Dawson.) In muddy places through- out the prairie region, especially northward, and from Calgary through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley; through northern British Columbia, to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Ilgaoho Brook, B.C. (Dawson.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) Canada to Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) Departure Bay, Vancouver Island. (Meehan.) Var. robustus, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XV., 13. In wet places at Ladner's Landing, on the Fraser Eiver, BC, 1885. (Fletcher.) Ponds, near Victoria and Cedar Hill (1875) ; and on Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Alaska. (Vasey.) This is a new variety. (2Y31.) A. Macounii, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XV., 12. A. geniculatm, var. pumila, Vasey. (MS. ?), 1875. On dry rocks close to Victoria, 1875. Abundant in hollows in rocks where water lies, in the spring at Cadboro and Oak bays, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Very near if not identical with A. Howellii, Vasey. (2732.) A. PEATBNSis, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 65; Hook., Fl. II., 234. Introduced from Europe and very abundant in meadows in the Atlantic provinces. USTewfoundland. (Beeks.) Bedford, Halifax Co., iN'.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Very abundant at Annapolis (where it is locally named French Timothy), Grand Pr6, "Windsor, and Halifax, !N".S ; common at Louisburg, Cape Breton, where its French origin is again seen ; not uncommon in meadows at Victoria, and I^anaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2733.) A. occidentalis, Scribner, Coulter's Bot. Gaz. XI., 17», (1886.) A. alpinus, Dawson, Bound. Eep. 377. A. pratends, var. cdpestris, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. States, 34, (1885.) A. alpinus, Hook., Pi. II., 234, in part. North Fork of Old Man Eiver, foot-hills of Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) The leafy bract at the base of the spike is very characteristic of this species. 190 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 685 ARISTIDA, Linn. Gen. 74. (TRIPLE-AWNEDlGRASS.) (2'734.) A. basiramea, Engelmann; Upham, Cat. Min. PI. 163. Vicinity of Bi-andon, Man. (^. J. Scott.') Thiis is a new species found first by Mr. "W. Upham, at Minneapolis, Minn. (2'735.) A. dichotoma, Linn.; Michx. PI. 41; Pur8h,Fl., I., '72. Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGrill Coll. Herb.) "We have seen no Canadian specimens of this species. (2736.) A. purpurea, Nutt.; Steud. Gram. 134. On dry hillsides, at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1883. (Fletcher.) Only this station is known at present in Canada. 686. STIPA, Linn. Gen. 90. (FEATHER-GRASS.) (2737.) S. avenacea, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 617. In sandy open pine woods, Point aux Pins, eight miles above Sault Ste. Marie, 1869. {Macoun.) (2738.) S. comata, Trin. & Eupr., Stipaceee, 16. S. juncea, Nutt., Gen. I., 58. S. capillata, Hook., Fl. II., 237. S. occidentalis, Bolander, Proced. Calif. Acad. IV., 169, in part ; Macoim, Cat. No., 2151. Abundant on dry prairies, and extending into British Columbia. Cypress Hills, and Milk River Eidge, Alberta. {Daw$on.) Abundant at Eeed Lake, Fort Walsh, and numerous other localities throughout the prairie region ; vicinity of Spence's Bridge, B.C., and on dry rocks near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Along the Eraser, at Lytton, B. C. (Fletcher.) Abundant at Kamloops, and Shuswap Lake, B. C. (Prof. Fowler.) Port Carleton, on the Saskatchewan, (Hooker, Fl.) (2739.) S. Richardsonii, Link., Hort. Berol. II., 245. Petitcodiac, !N".B. (Fowler, Cat.) Iforth shore of Lake Superior, from Michipicotin to Pic Eiver, and Peninsula Harbor. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, IST.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Near Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan, and northerly to Lesser Slave Lake. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 191 Tar. major, K". Var. Abundant in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, at Morley, and westward to Donald, in the Columbia Valley. (Macoun.) This form exactly matches Scribner's No. 341 from Montana, but is quite unlike our northern and eastern specimens. (2740.) S. spartea, Trin. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 617. Very abundant on the northern prairie region, forming the "ISTorth- ern Buffalo Grass" of the Canadian ranchman. Its seeds in the wetter portions are very troublesome, penetrating the wool of sheep and cloth- ing of men, and causing much annoyance. This grass, however, con- stituted the winter food of the buffalo, and is now the delight of horses in the winter season. It is usually classed with the "bunch" grasses. There is no pa]-t of the dry prairie where it does not grow, from Por- tage la Prairie westward to the Eocky Mountains. (^Macmn.') Pembina Mountain, and from Winnipeg to Point du Chein, Man. (Bawson.') Eed Eiver, Man., 1826. {Douglas.) (2741.) S. viridula, Trin. Act. Petrp. 39, (1836.) S. spartea, Hook., Fl. II., 237, not Trin. S. parviflora, Nutt. I., 58, not Desf. Very common around badger holes, and in coulees throughout the prairie region and westward to the Pacific. Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) White Mud Eiver, and Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Dawson.) Bank of Souris Eiver, Man. (Burgess.) Abundant from Winnipeg to the Eocky Mountains, and westward to the Columbia Valley, at Donald ; common around Victoria, on Cedar Hill, and at Oak Bay, Vancouver Island. (^Macoun.) Banks of the Saskatchewan. (Hooher, Fl.) (2742) S. Columbiana, F. Sp. Closely related to the preceding, but much less in size, with a smaller panicle and an awn scarcely an inch long ; glumes purplish, acuminate to a slender point. Yale, B.C. ; Cedar Hill, four miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 192 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 687. ORYZOPSIS, Michx. (MOUNTAIN RICE.) (2743.) O. asperifolia, Michx., FI. I., 51; Puush, Fl. I., 60 ; Hoot., Fi: II., 236. Urachne asperifolia, Trin. Diss. I., 174. TJ. levcosperma, Link. Hort. Berol. I., 94. Eocky woods, not infrequent, and' widely extended. Newfoundland. (BeeJcs.) Eocky woods, Truro, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Frederic- ton Junction, and Port Elgin ; Petitcodiac ; common at Salmon Eiver, in " blue-berry barrens," N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Madeline Eiver, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Porter.) Gomin's Wood, Quebec city. (/Si. Gyr.) "Woods along Jupitel- Eiver, Antieosti. (Macoun.) "Woods in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Eich, rocky woods throughout central Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, north-westerly to JSTipigon Eiver, and south to Port Arthur, and twelve miles up the Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Yicinity of Kingston, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) Woods near Toronto. (Burgess.) Wooded banks, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, M.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon on dry slopes from the Kananaskis through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley at Donald, B.C. ; near Clinton, and at Soda Creek, on the Eraser, B.C. (Macoun.) Canada to the Eocky Mountains.. (Hooker, Fl.) (2144.) O. Canadensis, Ton-. Fl. N. York IL, 433. 0. pa™;/Zora, Nutt. ; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Siipa juncea, Michx., Fl. 1., 54. S. Canadensis, Poir. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 72. Milium pungens', Torr., Fl. I., 78. Urachne brevicaudata, Trin. Gen. Pan., 27. Eather rare in dry sandy and pine woods. Manowin Island, Seven. Islands Bay, St. Lawrence Eiver. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Lower St. Lawrence, Q. (A. T. Brummond.) Eocky woods, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Quite- common at Chalk Eiver, on the Ottawa, and at North Bay, Lake Nipissing ; dry sandy hills at Belleville, and on the Oak Hills, Hast- ings Co. ; very common on Eice Lake Plains, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy thickets along Lake Huron, at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) Twenty-five miles west of Port Arthur, on high dry land. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) South CATALOGUE OF CANADIAI^ PLANTS. 193 Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains ; upper crossing of the Blackwator Eiver, B.C. CDawson.) Occasionally met with on dry gravelly slopes in the Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain to Donald in the Columbia Valley; Soda Creek, Fraser Eiver, and Spence's Bridge B.C. (Macoun.) ' (2Y45.) O. melanocarpa, Muhl. Gram. 79. 0. asperifolia, Kunth, Enum. I., 176, in part. Milium racemosum, Smith ; Bigel. Fl. Bost., 25. Piptatherum nigrum, Torr., Fl. I., 79. Urachne racemosa, Trin. Diss. I., 174. Eocky woods, rather rare and local. Woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Very common amongst Laurentian rocks at Shannonville, and through- out North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Jones Falls, Eideau Canal, Ont. (Millman.) Wooded hillsides, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2746.) O. cuspidata, Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. XIX., 82. Ericoma cuspidata, Nutt. Gen. I., 40 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2143. Slipa membranacea, Pursh, Fl. II., 728 ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. S. hymenoides, Rcem. & Sohultz. Syst. II., 339. Urachne lanata, Trin. Panic. 38. Pendleria rhynchelytroides, Steud. Syn. Gram. 420. A most beautiful grass, growing in large clumps on sand in the prairie region and British Columbia. White Mud Eivei-, Assiniboia, and Milk Eiver Eidge, Alberta. (Daioson. Burgess.} Very abundant amongst sand hills at the source of the Qu'Appelle ; north of the Cypress Hills ; and south of Battleford. (Macoun.) Fort Carleton, Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) 688. MILIUM, Linn. Linn. Gen. 79. (MILLET-GRASS) (2Y47.) M. effusum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. IL, 235. A fine tall grass, growing in cold damp woods throughout the north- ern forest region. Wet thickets, Whycocomagh, Cape Breton; and at Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.} Eichmond, Carle- ton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Between Florenceville and Andover, N.B. (Brittain.} Nepisiquit Lakes, N.B. (Say.) Island of Orleans, and Thunder Eiver, Q. (8t. Cyr.} Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Damp woods near Ottawa. (Fletcher, F I. Ott.} Woods, near Prescott, Ont.; common. (Billings.) Cold woods, and cedar swamps, central Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, and north-westerly 13 194 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. to Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Komoka, Ont. (^Burgess.) Wet woods, vicinity of London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Neighbor, hood of Montreal and Quebec. (Hooker, FL) ■ 689. MUEHLENBERCIA, Schreber. (DROP-SEED) (2748.) M. diffusa, Schreb.; Pursh, Fl. L, 40. Vilepycum minutiflorum, Michx., Fl. I.,40. In grassy woodlands along Lake Brie, above the Canal at Port Col- borne. {Macoun.') Point Pel^e, Essex Co., Ont. {Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) (2Y49.) M. glomerata, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IL, 23'7. Polypogon glomeraius, Willd. Enum. I., 87. P. setosus, Spreng. Mant. I., 31. P. racemosm, Nutt. Gen. I., 51. Agrosiis racemosa, Michx., Fl. I., 53 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 65. A. setosa, Muhl. Gram. 68. Oinna racemosa, Kunth. Enum. I., 207. Not uncommon in swamps, and along brooks and rivers. Weldford, Kent Co. ; Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Petiticodiac, N.B. {Brittain.) Becscie Eiver, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Madeline Eiver, Gasp6, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh near Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Beaver meadows. North Hastings, Ont. ; Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low grounds, Lon- don, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Point between Shib-wah and Batch-ah-warnah rivers, Georgian Bay ; Michipicotin Eiver, and Oba Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) Wet bank, twenty- five miles up the Kaminisfiqua Eiver ; also freq[uent on the margins of lakes and swamps throughout the prairie region, and north-west to Peace Eiver ; rather rare in the Eocky Mountains, from Morley to Donald in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Plains of the Saskatchewan to the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2'750.) M. Mexicana, Trin. Diss. I., 189. Agrosiis Mexicana, Linn. ; Muhl. Gram. 67 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64. A. lateriflora, Michx., Fl. I., 53 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64. Oinna Mexicana, Link. Enum. I., 71. Moist meadows and borders of moist thickets. Fredericton ; Petit- codiac, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Simonds, Carleton Co., N.B, (Brittain.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 195 m On sandy banks of the Eivi^re Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Along the rocks, Major Hill Park, Ottawa. {Fletcher,- Fl. Ott.) Woods near Prescott Junction, and close to Ottawa. (^Billings.) Low rich land along Cold Creek, at Wooler, Ont. ; frequent in meadows and thickets, Hastings Co. ; and at Owea Sound, Ont. (Macoun.') Point Edward, St. Clair Eiver, Oat. (.7. M. Macoun.) Near Kingston, Ont. ■(Burgess.') Swampy meadows, near London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Manitoulin Island, G-eorgian Bay. (Burgess.) Along Current Eiver, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) <2'751.) M. sylvatica, Torr. & Gray, Gram. & Cyp. L, No. 13. Agrostis sylvatica, Torr., Fl. I., 87. A. diffusa, Muhl. Gram. 64. Eocky beds of streams and by waterfalls. Low rocky places, Prederic- ■ton; Belleisle, King's Co., N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Dideguash Eiver, K.B. •(Say.) Abundant along the Moira and Trent rivers, in Hastings and Northumberland Co's., Ont. (Macoun.) Eocky banks. Moon Eiver, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) (2752;) M. Willdenovii, Trin. Diss. I., 188. Agrostis tenuiflora, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 63. anna tenuiflora, Link. Enum. I., 71. Eocky woods, apparently rare. Eocky banks and woods along the Moira, half a mile above the railway bridge, at Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) Eocky wooded bank of river, Niagara Palls. (Burgess.) This species is distinguished from M. Mexicana by its long-awned palets, and from M. sylvatica by its contracted and very slender panicle and short-pointed glumes. 690. BRACHYELYTRUIWI, Beauv. Agrostogr. 39. <2'753.) B. aristatum, Beauv.; Toi-r., PI. L, 102. Muehlenbergia erecta, Schreb. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 61. M. aristata, Pars. ; Hook., Fl. 11., 237. M. Brachyelylrum, Trin. Diss. 1., 88. DUepycum aristosum, Michx., Fl. L, 40. Eocky woods, not common. In woods at Truro, and Windsor, N.S. {Macoun.) Eocky woods, Molus Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler^ Cat.) Montmorency Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Woods at Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woods west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Eather common in woods throughout central Ontario. 196 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Out. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. ; Moon Eiver, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, and woods at Queenston Heights, Ont. ; woods along Current Eiver, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Canada. (Goldie.) 691. PHLEUM, Linn. Gen. 17. (TIMOTHY-GRASS) (2754.) P. alpinum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. IL, 234. P. Hsenkeanum, Presl, Rel. Haenk. I., 245. Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (_Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.} North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) Cypress Hills, and on elevated mountain pastures in the Eocky Mountains, and westward to the summit of the Selkirk Eange. (^Macoun.) Abundant on the Little Bow Eiver, and Porcupine Hills ; western summit of the North Koo- tanie Pass, Eocky Mountains ; llgacho Lake, B.C.; Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°. (Bawson.') Cariboo Mountains, alt. 6,000 feet, and Skagit Eiver, B.C. {Bowman.) Not rare on mountain slopes at Goldstream, and in mountain woods atNanaimo, and Qaalicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.') Sitka, and Ounalashka, Kotzebue Sound, and Island of St. Lawrence. (Rothr. Alask.) Summits of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2755.) P. PRATENSE, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 65 ; Hook., PI. II., 234. This species is extensively cultivated in every part of Canada, and is found naturalized in all old clearings and aroun i lumber camps and on the forest roads leading to them. It seems as much at home in Newfoundland as in Ontario and Vancouver Island. 692. PHIPPSIA, R. Br., App. Parry Voy. 285. (2756.) P. algida, E. Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Melville and other Arctic islands. (Hooher, Fl.) Pond's Bay, Lancaster Sound. (Br. Walker.) Point, Barrow, Arctic coast. (John Murdoch.) Cape Chudleigh, and Mansfield Island, Hudson Strait. (B.Bell.) "West side of Davis Straits. (J.Taylor.) Var. monandra, Kunth, P. monandra, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Eotzebue Sound, and Bay of St. Lawrence. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 197 693. SPOROBOLUS, R. Br. (DROP-SEED GRASS.) {2151.) S. asperifolius, Thm-ber, Bot. Calif. 11., 2M. Vilfa asperifolius, Nees. & Meyer, in Trin. Agrost. I., 73. Sporobolus arenaceus, Buokl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 89, (1862.) Dry, open prairie, on the east side of Eeed Lake, Assiniboia, 1880. {Macoun.) Upper valley of the Columbia, near a hot spring, B.C. {Dawson.) Chinaman's Eanche, on tho Thompson Eiver, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2758.) S. cryptandrus, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 542. Agrostis cryptandra, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. York, I., 151. Vilfa cryptandra, Trin. Agrost. I., 47. V. aspera, Logie, Cat. Hamilton Plants. On the sands of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) Along Burlington Beach, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) On sand along the lake shore, Toronto Island ; Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Sandy shore, Hamilton, Ont. (Millman.) Point Edward, Eiver St. Clair, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Amongst sand, Stinking Lake, and Mapie Creek, north of Cypress Hills, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) <2759.) S. CUSpfdatUS, Scribner, Torr. Bull. IX., 103. VUfa cuspidata, Torr. ; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Agrostis cryptandra, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. York I., 151. Simonds, Carleton Co., ]S".B. (Brittain.) Eather common on dry prairies, from Manitoba westward to the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Iforth Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Banks of the Saskatchewan, near the Eocky Mountains, and plains of the Eed Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) The limits of this and the next species are so poorly defined that I cannot satisfactorily separate them. (2760.) S. depauperatUS, (?) Scribner, Torr. Bull, IX., 103. Vilfa depauperata, Torr. ; Hook., Fl. II., 257. V. utilis, Torr., Paeif. E. Rep. V.,,365. Amongst gravel along Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Hurri- cane Hills, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Very common in damp prairie, from Manitoba, Touchwood Hills, and westward and southward across the southern prairie region ; damp places in the foot-hills, and westward through the Eocky Mountains to tho Columbia Valley, at Donald. (Macoun.) 198 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2'761,) S. heterolepis, Gray, Man. Ed. V. 610. Vilfa heterolepis. Gray, Ann. Lye. N. York III., 233. Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On rocks along the railway at Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; and at Heely Palls, Seymour, Nor- thumberland Co., Oat. ; very common in north-western Manitoba, and along the Beaver, and Touchwood Hills, Assiniboia. (Macoun.') East side of La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (B. Bell.') (2*762.) S. vagineeflorus, Vasey, Cat. Grasses. U. S. 45, (1885.) Vilfa vaginxflora, Torr. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 605. Agrostis Virginica, MuM. Gram. 74. On dry barren spots near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) "Very com- mon in many places around Bellfeville, Ont. ; and on roadsides near Campbellford, ITorthumberland Co., Gnt. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Note. — Dr. Vasey writea of the Vilfa tenacissima. Hook., Fl. II.» 239 ; — " This is now considered a variety of Sporobolus Indicus, but I have seen no specimen from so far north as Menzies Island." Believ- ing that it is included in some species we have catalogued, we leavfr it out. 694. AGROSTIS, Linn. Gen. 80. (BENT-GRASS.) (2763.) A. canina, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 611. A. canina, Linn., var. (?) tenella, Torr. Bot. N. York II., 443. Brigus, Newfoundland. (iZ. Bell.) Molus Elver, Kent Co., N.B. ; in dry barrens. (Fowler, Gat.) Sandy beach, Mingan Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Crevices of rocks. Riviere Ste. Anne des Monts ; and summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Oanalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) Var. paleata, Vasey, (MS.) N. Var. Abundant in meadows at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) This is a fine gi-ass and seems to be valuable both as a pasture and meadow grass. A variety of A. canina was gathered at Sitka a few years since by Mr. Meehan, which may he- this form. (2164:.) A. exarata, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 239. A. albicans, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 91, (1862.) Polypogon alopecuroides, Buckl. 1. c. 88. A very valuable grass in low grounds and meadows on the Pacific CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 199 coast. Bather common in the valley of Beaver Creek, Selkirk Moun- tains, B.C. (Macoun.) Blunden Harbor, Yanoouver Island, and north point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia ; Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) The usual form is quite common in meadows everywhere on Vancouver Island, and with it an awnless variety, while the coarse Alaskan form is found in ditches and cold, wet places. (Macoun.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.) Sitka, Alaska. {Meehan.y Ounalashka, 1885. {Mr. S. Applegate.) (2765.) A. geminata, Trin. Oregon to Alaska. ( Vasey.) Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alask.) (2766.) A. microphylla, Steud.; Torr. Pacif. E. Eep. lY., 154. A. exaraia, var. Watson, Bot. King's Exp. V., 377. ITorth point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Abun- dant in exsicated places at Yictoria, Oak Bay, Oodar Hill, Nanaimo, and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (^Fletcher.) (2767.) A. oreophila, Trin. On an exposed point of rocks, a few hundred yards east of South West Point Lighthouse, Anticosti, August 17, 1883. The specimens are doubtfully referred here by Dr. Vasey, our highest authority on grasses in Ameriea. Dr. Gray in his Manual, page 611, seems to refer this to A. scabra, but it cannot be that species as this is perennial (Macoun.) (2768.) A. perennans, Tuck; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 611. A. laxiflora, Eich. ; Hook., Fl. XL, 240. Trichodium decumbens, Michx., Fl. I., 42; Pursh, Fl. I., 61. Comucopise perennans, Walt. Fl. Car. 74. Open grassy woods, apparently rare. Grand Vallee, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) "Woods near Hull, Q. ; and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Sandj' banks of the Eivi^re Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) In grassy woods east of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Locjie.) Eocky woods, Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) (2769.) A. scabra, Willd. Sp. I., 370. A. laxiflora. Rich. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240, in part. A. Michauxii, Trin. ; Gray, Gram. & Cyp. I., 17. Tnchodium laxifolium, Michx,, Fl. 1., 42 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 61. T. scabrum, Muhl. Gram. 61. A common grass on exsicated places on hills and mountains, and 200 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. along rivers and lakes, widely spread and variable ; apparently bien- nial. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Common at Truro, and Halifa:?, N.S. (Macoun.) Common throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Thunder Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) South 'West Point, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, and along the G-asp^ coast, and at Levis, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Dremwiond) Abundant at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very abundant in its usual haunts throughout the whole of northern and central Ontario (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) On an old road, Mamainse, Lake Superior. (R. Bell.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Manitoulin Island, Georgian Bay. (Mrs. Saunders.) Sandy and wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Saugeen, Lake Huron ; Parry Sound, Georgian Bay ; Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; Nelson and Hayes rivers, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; South Twin Island, James Bay; Washow Bay, Lake Winnipeg ; and Sour is Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Common at the Lake of the Woods ; Milk Eiver Eidge, Alberta; Elk Eiver, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains; Ilgacho Brook, B.C. ; and Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°, B.C. (Dawson.) Very abundant along all the rivers in the prairie region, and northwai'd to Lake Athabasca ; vei-y common in suitable places, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alash.) Eed Eiver, Man. 1827. (Douglas.) (27Y0.) A. varians, Trin., Agrost. II., 68. A. exarata, var. /3. minor. Hook., Fl. II., 239. A. canina, var. melaleuca. Bong.; Hook., Fl. II., 240. (?) A. Drummondii, Torrey, Ms. {vide Hooker.) Valleys of the Eocky Mountains, on the east and west sides of the dividing ridge. (Hooker, Fl.) Trinius founded the species on specimens collected by either Douglas or Drummond on the Athabasca Pass, in the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands, 1878. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2771.) A. VERTiciLLATA, Vill. Delph. II., 74. Vilfa stoloniferu, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechy, 161. (?) Apparently introduced at Victoria and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2772.) A. vulgaris, With.; Hook., Fl. II., 239; Pursh, Fl. L, 63. A. polymorpha, Trin., var. a. Diss. I., 202. A. hispida, Willd. Sp. I., 370. Very abundant in pastures and meadows throughout the whole CATALOaUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 201 Dominion of Canada. In the eastern provinces there are both the introduced and indigenous forma, but westward in the Eocky Moun- tains and British Columbia, especially on Vancouver Island, the indi- genous variety is the predominant or only one. Yar. ALBA, Yasey, Cat. Grasses, TJ. S. 41, (1885.) A. alba, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64 ; Hook., Fl. II., 239. A. decumbms, Muhl. Gram. 68. Naturalized in pastures and wet meadows, especially eastward. This and the preceding are invaluable for pasture and permanent mea- dow land, and are the Bed Top and Herd's Grass of the agriculturalists. Greenland. {Lange.) 695. POLYPOCON, Desf. (BEARD-GRASS.) (2773.) P. MoNSPELiENSis, Desf ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 612. Waste heaps around Yictoria, especially at the head of James Bay, Yancouver Island. (Fletcher. Macoun.) Introduced. (2774.) P. LiTTORALis, Smith ; Bot. Calif. II., 270. F.fugax, Boland. Cat. .S4. Eefuse heaps at the head of James Bay, Yictoria, Yancouver Island. {Macoun.) Introduced. 696. ARCTACROSTIS, Criseb. Ledeb. Fl. Boss. lY., 434. (2775.) A. latifolia, Ledeb. PI. Boss. lY., 434. Colpodium latifottum, B. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Vilfa arundinacea, Trin. Diss. I. Cape Chudleigh, Cape Pj-ince of Wales, and Mansfield Island, Hud- son Strait. {R.Bell.') Nottingham Island, Hudson Bay. (^Mackenzie.) Arctic sea-coast and islands ; Hudson Bay ; and Bear Lake, to the shores of the Arctic sea. {Hooker, Fl.) Port Kennedy, Lancaster Sound. {Dr. Walker.) Between Fort Churchill, and Cape Lady Pelly, Hudson Bay. {Br. Rae.) Greenland. (Lange.) Yar. Alaskensis, Yasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 48, (1885.) Colpodium laiifohum, /3. Kunth. (?) C. arundinaceum, Hook., Fl. II., 238. (?) Kotzebue Sound, and Arctic coast. {Rothr. Alask.) Point Barrow, Arctic coast. (John Murdoch.) 202 GEOLOGICAL StTRVET OP CANADA. 697. CINNA, Linn. Gen. 15. (WOOD-REED GRASS.) (2776.) C. arundinacea, Linn.; Michx., P]. I., 38. MueMenbergia Oinna, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. Agrostis Oinna, Pursh, Fl. L, 64. This species and the next have been confounded and mostly reported as C. pendula, but they appear quite distinct. ISTewfoundland. (Reeks.'} Near Bedford, Halifax Co., IST.S. (Sommers, Cat.) • "Woods along Brighara's Creek, near Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eather rare at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Swampy soil, London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (27'7t.) C. pendula, Trin.; Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 49, (1885.) C. latifolia, Griesb. ; Eothrock's Alaskan Plants, 459. C. arundinacea, Linn., yaa.pendvla, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 613. MueMenbergia pendvla. Bong.; Hook., Fl. II., 237. Much commoner than the preceding, and more northern in its dis- tribution, A beautiful and conspicuous grass. Damp woods at Why- cocogmah. Cape Breton. (Macoun.) In deep shady places, Molus and Bass rivers, N". B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dideguash River, KB. (Hay.) Salt Lake, Jupiter River, and Becscie River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Ste. Catherine, Jacques Cartier Rivor, Q. (St. Cyr.) Sandy banks of the Riviere Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Banks of Nation River, near railway crossing, and and noi-thward; rare, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in low, damp woods, along streams and small brooks, throughout central Ontario ; also at Port Hope and Owen Sound, and westward all around Lake Superior to the Nipigon River. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior! (Agassiz.) Wet woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Sault Ste. Marie. (Fletcher.) Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. Richardson.) Loon Strait, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant in wet woods, northern Manitoba; Cypress Hills, and northward to Edmonton and Peace River; Columbia Valley, and westward through the valleys of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Hooker, FL) Var. mutica, Vasey. Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N.W.T., 1887. (Dawson.) CATALOGtJE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 203 Var. acutiflora, Vasey. (MS.) ' N". Var. Abundant along the borders of brooks, and in river valleys, through- out the southern part of Vancouver Island, extending to Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Comox ; also Alberni, on the west coast. (Macoun.) 698. DEYEUXIA, Clarion. (REED-BENT GRASS.) (2778.) D. sequivalvis, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant III., 1153. A. xquivalvis, Trin. Agrost. II., 116 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2128, b- A. canina, var. eequivahis, Trin. ; Bong. Veg. Sitch. 171. A. canina, Linn., /J. melaleuca, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240. (?) A. mUebrandii, Thurber ; Boland. Trans. Calif. Agri. Soo. 136, (1864.) Eather common on the grassy beds of snow-slides, at Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. {Bothr. Alash,) Summits of the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2779.) D. Aleutica, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 50, (1885.) Calamagrostis Aleviica, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 241 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2140. C. albicans, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 92, (1862.) Crevices of rocks along the west coast of Vancouver Island and in marshes, covered at high tide, on the Alberni Canal. (Macoun.} Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Barclay.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Bothr. Alask. & Booker, FL) Ounalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) (2780.) D. breviaristata, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club XV., 48, N. Sp. " Culm 2-3 feet high, radical leaves very long, panicle 4 inches long, nai-row and loose, branches unequal, vertieills numerous, the longer ones about 1 inch long, erect, flowering, mostly to the base — empty glume 2 lines long, ve y narrow, acute, membranaceous, scabrous on the keel ; flowering glumes as long as the empty ones, and about the same texture, lanceolate, acutish, 3 nerved, smoothish ; awn from about the middle, shorter than the fl. gl. or sometimes nearly absent; hairs rather sparse and fine, ^ to J as long as the fl. gl., those of the pedicel scanty but longer ; palet as long as its glume, acute." In crevices of rocks amongst the islands in the outer part of Barclay Sound, near Cape Beale, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 204 GEOLOGICAL STTRVET OF CANADA. (.2181.) D. Canadensis, Hooker, Ai-c. PL 307 & 308. Calamagroslis Canadensis, Beauv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240 ; Macoun, Cat. ]STo. 2135. C. Mexicana, Nutt. Gten. I., 46. p. Purshii, Kunth, Enum. I., 208. Arundo Canadensis, Michx., Fl. I., 73 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. A. cinnoides, Muhl. Gram. 187. A. agrostoides, Pursh, Fl. I., 86. An abundant and valuable species extending from Newfoundland and the Atlantic provinces throughout the whole northern and central forest region, and Eocky Mountains and British Columbia, to the islands on the Pacific coast and north to Alaska. (2*782.) D. confinis, Kunth; Vasey, Grasses of U. S. 28, (1883.) Calamagroslis confinis, Nutt. Gen. I., 46. C. inexpansa, Gray, Gram. & Gyp. I., No. 20. Arundu confinis, Willd. Enum. I., 127. Chiefly included by collectors in D. neglecta or Calamagrostis stncta. Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eocky woods, Blziver, North Hastings, Ont.; woods along the North Saskatchewan, above Fort Carleton, and at Edmonton, lat. 53° ; on gravel at Kananaskis station, Eocky Mountains; shores of Home Lake, and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2783.) D. crassiglumis, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S., 50, (1885.) Calamagroslis crassiglumis, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 281. Nimpkish or Karmutzen Lake, Vancouver Island. (^Dawson.) In gravel along the shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Mdcoun.) (2784.) D. deschampsioides, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 50, (1885.) Calamagroslis deschampsioides, Trin. Spec. Gram. III., 354. California to Alaska. ( Vasey.) "We know nothing of this species. (2785.) D. Langsdorffii, Kunth, Gram. L, 77. Calamagroslis Langsdorffii, Trin. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2136. C. Oregonensis, Buckl. Proced. PWlad. Acad., 92, in part, (1862.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (McKay.) Low grounds at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. CMacoun.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chal- mers.) Thunder Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Current Eiver, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Port Arthur. (Burgess.). Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) North end of OATALOGDE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 205 Lake Winnipeg, and west coast of Hudson Bay. {R. Bell.) Upper Nachacco Eiver, B.C. {Dawson.) Shores of Shawnigan Lake, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Ounalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) (2186.) D. Lapponica, Kunth ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagroslis Lapponica, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 682 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2141. Isle Eoyal, Lake Superior. (Prof. T. 0. Porter.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi ; Otter Head, and Pic Eiver, Lake Superior ; Flat Eock Portage, Nipigon Eiver, Ont. (Macoun.) (278T.) D. Macouniana, Vasey, Coulter's Bot. Gaz., X., 297, N. Sp. "Culm 60 to 90 cm. high, slender, leafy; sheaths mostly as long as as the internodes, smoothish ; ligule about 2 mm. long, lacerate leaf blades narrow, 15 to 25 cm. long, attenuated to a filiform point ; panicle 10 to 12 cm. long, narrow, open, 2 to 4 cm. in width, branches mostly in fives, approximate, slender, erect ; spikelets somewhat crowded on the upper part of the branches, 2 mm. long ; empty glumes nearly equal, purplish, lanceolate, acute, finely scabrous on the back ; flower- ing glumes 1 J mm. long, ovate-oblong, somewhat truncate and 2-lobed at the apex, the lobes finely denticulate ; awn above the middle of the glume, straight, reaching to the apex; palet about one-third shorter than its glume, bifid, denticulate at apex ; hairs copious, as long as the flowering glume. The panicle resembles that of Agrostis vulgaris, and the flowers are smaller than those of any other of our species." — (Dr. Geo. Vasey in Bot. Gazette, Vol. X., page 29Y.) Black Eiver, Lake Winnipeg, 1884 ; Souris Plain, Man. 1883. (J. M. Macoun.) (2Y88.) D. neglecta, Kunth, Gram. L, 76. D. stricta. Coulter, Man. Ey. Mount. PL, 414. Calamagrostis coarctata, Hook., Fl. II., 240. C. stricta, Beauy. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2138. Borders of rivers and lakes in the east, and in swampy meadows on the prairie. Amherst Island, Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Shediac, JST.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; and at Cape Eosier, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (St. Oyr.) Shore of Lake Huron, at Chicken Bay. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) York Factory, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) Abundant in wet prairie throughout Manitoba and the northern prairie region, and north-westerly through the wooded country to 206 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the Peace Eivor ; common along slopes and by ponds through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, and in northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Pelly Banks, lat. 62° ; and confluence of Lewes and Pelly rivers, lat. 62° 41', N.W.T. {Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.~) Quebec ; Saskatchewan and English rivers, through the wooded country to the Eocky Mountains ; Nootka, and Observatory Inlet, Pacific coast. {Hooker, Fl.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. {Douglas.) Yar. Americanum, Vasey. (MS.) N. Var. This is a very beautiful form, stouter and much lighter colored than the species. Eather common at Donald in the Columbia Valley, 1885. {Macoun.) Var. brevifolia, Vasey. (MS.) N. Var. This variety, as its name indicates, has short involute leaves and a narrow panicle. It is a little over a foot in height and may be only a depauperate form of the species. {Macoun.) Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N.W.T., 1887. {Dawson.) Damp slopes, near McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°, B.C. {Macoun.) Var. robusta, Vasey. (MS.) N. Var. A very tall and stout variety growing in water or along the borders of marshes throughout Manitoba and the Saskatchewan region ; Hand Hills, Alberta. {Macoun.) Souris Plain, Man. {J. M. Macoun.) (2789.) D. Pickeringii, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis Pickeringii, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 616 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2142. The only known station for this species in Canada is in the wet mea- dows surrounding Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1883. {Macoun & Burgess.) (2790.) D. Porteri, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis Porteri, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 615. Specimens referred here by Dr. Vasey were collected on the slopes of the mountains at the entrance to Bow Eiver Pass, in the Eocky Mountains, 1879. Better specimens are needed to settle the identity of the species. {Macoun.) (2791.) D. purpurascens, Kunth; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis purpurascens, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. 11., 240. Arctic sea-shore. {Hooker, FL) Fort Yukon. {Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. {Lange.) Dr. Vasey, writes me that Torrey thought this was D. sylvatica. I am of the same opinion, as the purple glumes are a very poor character. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 207 <2'792.) D. rubescens, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis rubescens, Buckl. Prooed. Phil. Acad., 92, (1862.) Qaite common on burnt slopes ia the Eocky Mountains, from Banff ■westward to Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) (2793.) D. Strigosa, Kunth; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostris strigosa, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II., 241. Sitka. (Bongard vide Hooker.) (2794.) D. sylvatica, Kunth; Vasey, Grasses of U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis sylvatica, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2137. C. purpurascens, R. Br. : Hook., Fl. II., 240, in part. Apparently a mountain species, extending far to the north. Old Bow Fort, near Morley, (1879), and very common westward on dry gravelly slopes through the Eocky Mountains to Eoger's Pass, in the Selkirks, B.C. (Macoun.) Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains; Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°, Pelly Banks, lat. 62", and Dease Eiver, lat. 59°, KW.T., and B.C. (Dawson.) Bennett's Lake, Lewes E., B.C. ( W. Ogilvie.) Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2795.) D. Suksdorfii, Scribner, Bull. Torr. Club XV., 9. This is an uncommon grass on the burnt ridges covered with Pinus Murrayana at Castle Mountain, Eocky Mountains ; and Donald, Colum- bia Valley. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, 1883. (^Dawson.) (2796.) D. borealis. An imperfectly characterized species, having the general appeai-ance of D. Lapponica, has been named (by Dr. Vasey) D. Vancouverensis, in Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club, Vol. XV., 48. It is indicated as a " small species, 10 or 12 inches high, with spicate panicle IJ to 2 inches long, approaching D. strigosa, Kunth." It grows plentifully in water at Port George, James Bay. Collected July 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) With Dr. Vasey's permission I have changed the name to the above, which is more in accordance with the locality where found. (2797.) D. Columbiana. This species is related to D. Aleutica, but the specimens are very poor and difficult to characterize. Collected at Ta-.gish Lake, Lewes Eiver, N.W.T., Sept. 1887. (Dawson.) 208 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 699. AMMOPHILA, Host. Gram. Austr. IV., 24. (SAND- GRASS.) (2198.) A. arundinacea, Host.; Hook., Fl. II., 241. Arundo arenaria, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 73 ; Pnrsh, Fl. I., 87. Psamma littoralis, Beauv. Agrost. 143- Calamagrostis armaria, Trln. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 616 ; Macoun, Cat. 2Sfo. 2139. Apparently a rare grass on sea beaches and on the shores of the Great Lakes. St. John, and Kouchibouguac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Sands of Wellington Beach, Prince Edward Co., Ont. ; very abundant on sand at Pic Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) North shore of .Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) (2Y99.) A. longifOlia, Benth. & Hook. Gen. Plant III., 1153. Calamagrostis longifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 241 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2134. Ywj abundant throughout the whole prairie region on sandy ridges, and extending westward to Morley at the base of the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Milk Eiver, north of West Butte, lat. 49. (Dawson.) Souris Plain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, FL) I place this species with Ammophila, in deference to Bentham and Hooker. Dr. Yasey doubts the correctness of this disposition of it. 700. AIRA, Linn. Gen. 81. (HAIR-GRASS.) (2800.) A. OARYOPHTLLEA, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 642. Introduced and naturalized and very abundant in all the old clear- ings and oak woods in the southern part of Yancouver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.) (2801.) A. PR^^cox, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 641. Avena prxcox, Beauv. Introduced and naturalized with the preceding in the southern part Yancouver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 209 70I. DESCHAMPSIA, Beauv. (2802.) D. atropurpurea, Scheele; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 53, (1885.) Aira atropurpurea, Wahl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V-, 642 ; Maooun, Cat. No. 2234. Apparently confined to the mountains of eastern Quebec, and north- eastward. Summit of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Q. {Macoun. Porter.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Var. minor, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club XV"., 48. " Culms 10-12 inches high, slender, panicle few-flowered, spikelets much smaller than the type." Grassy glades in woods at Fort George„ James Bay, six miles from the coast, 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) Yar. latifolia, Scribner. D. latifolia, Vasey, Grasses of U. States, 53, (1885.) Aira atropurpurea, Wahl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 243. A. latifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 243 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2237. Abundant in the Rocky Mountains, from Canmore westward to Soger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) Quesnel Lake, 2,200 feet alt., B.C. (Bowman.) Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka, Ounalashka, and from Point Barrow to Mackenzie Eiver. (Hothr. Alask.) (2803.) D. brevifolia, E.Br.; Hook, Fl. IL, 242. Aira arctica, Spreng. Bot. Gazette, X., 366. Vicinity of Fort Conger, Grinnell Land, lat. 81° 44'. (Lieut. Greely.) Arctic sea-shore and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2804.) D. csespitosa, Beauv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 242. Aira csespitosa, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 77; Macoun, Cat. No. 2239. A. ambigua, Michx., Fl. I., 61. Abundant in bunches along river banks, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Cape Forteau, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Ken- nebeccasis, Tabusintac, on the Bathurst Eoad, Eestigouche, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Sheldrake Eiver. and L'Ange-Gardien, Q. (Si. Oyr.) Crevices of rocks, Jupiter River, and English Bay, Anticosti ; along the Madeline and Ste. Anne des Monts rivers, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eocky banks of rivers throughout central and northern Ontario, and extending to Lake 14 :210 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Nipigon, and Eainy Lake. (Macoun.) Saugeen, Lake Huron, and at Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (^Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, I^.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macmin.) Michipicotin Eivei-, and Oba Lake, Ont. ; Oxford House, Keewatin. (jB. Bell.) North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Moun- tains; Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°, and Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N. W. T. {Dawson.) Not rare along the Saskatchewan and all its branches, and •extending north to Peace Eiver, and west through the Eocky Moun- tains to the Columbia Yalley. (Macovn.) Saskatchewan to Bear Lake. {Hooker, Fl.) Ounalashka, and the mainland of Alaska. •{Bothr. Alask.) Var. arctica, Yaaey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 53, (1885.) D. csespitom, var. /3. major, Hook., Fl. II., 241. Arctic searcoast. {Soaker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound, Ounalashka, Sitka, and the interior of Alaska. {Bothr. Alask.) Var. Bottnica, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 53, (1885.) D. Bottnica, Wahl. ; Trin. Icon. t. 255. Shores of the Gulf of Georgia, and Queen Charlotte Islands. {Dawson.) Sitka. {Bothr. Alask.) Port Etches, Alaska. {Barclay.) Yar. longiflora, Trin. ; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 53, (1885.) Abundant in salt marshes at the mouth of the Nanaimo Eive*', and along all the coasts of Vancouver Island, either under this form or the preceding one. {Macoun.) Ounalashka. {Bothr. Alask.) Vancouver city, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. {Dawson.) Var. maritima, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club, XV., 48, (N. Var.) This is a very depauperate form, only 6-8 inches high, collected on the South Twin Island, James Bay, by J. M. Macoun, 1887. (2805.) D. calycina, Presl, Eel. Hsenk. L, 251. D. danthonioides, Munro ; Benth. PI. Hartweg. 342. Aira danthonioides, Trin. ; Hook., FL II., 243 ; Macoun, Cat. Ko. 2240. Abundant in desicated places near Victoria, on Mount Tolmie, Cedar Hill, at Goldstream, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2806.) D. elongata, Munro.; Benth. PI. Hartweg. 342. Aira elongata. Hook., Fl. II., 243 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2235. Abundant in numerous places on dry gravelly soil throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Che- mainus, Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni. {Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 211 (280^.) D. alba, Eoem. & Schultz. Syst. II., 688. Aira flexuusa, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 77 ; Hook., Fl. II., 243 ; Maeoun, Cat. No. 2238. Not rare on rocky soil in the eastern part of Canada. Newfoundand. (Reeks.') Ungava Bay, Labrador. (Barnston.) Nain, coast of Labrador. {B. Bell.) Near Bedford, Halifax Co., N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Abundant at Kingston, Pirate's Cove, and near Halifax, N.S. {Maeoun.) Eocky banks, Yarmouth, N.S. {Burgess.) On rocks near the mouth of the Ke nnebeceasis, N.B. [Fowler, Gat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. {St. Gyr.) Tadousac Eiver, St. Lawrence, Q. {A. T. Drummond.) Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Q. {Maeoun. Porter.) Pine grove, two miles west of Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Eocky banks of North Eiver, Belmont, Peterboro Co. ; crevices of rocks. Hooper's Lake, Easting's Co. ; Jones Falls, near Owen Sound ; among rocks, Queenston HeigTits, Niagara Eiver ; Little Flat Eock Portage, Nipigon Eiver ; along Thunder Bay, at Port Arthur, and twenty miles up the Kamin- istiqua, west of Lake Superior. {Maeoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) I/ake Mistassini, N.B.T. {J. M. Maeoun.) Greenland. {Lange.) 702. HOLCUS, Linn. Gen. 1146. (MEADOW SOFT-GRASS) (2808,) H. LANATUS, Linn. ;. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 642. Introduced from Europe and cultivated in the maritime provinces and British Columbia. Moist meadows and roadsides at Digby, and Annapolis, N.S. {Maeoun.) Meadows, near London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Not uncommon at Cedar Hill, and Goldstream, Vancouver Island. {Maeoun.) 703. TRISETUM, Pers. Syn. PL I, 97. (2809.) T. canescens, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 100, (1862.) T. elatum, Boland. Cat. 34. Not uncommon on rocky soil in the southern part of Vancouver Island, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Home Lake, near Qualicum. {Maeoun.) Near Sooke, Vancouver Island. {Dawson.) At Agassiz Station, B.C. {Fleteher.) (2810.) T. cernuum, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 244. Abundant in grassy and damp woods at Oak Bay, Cedar Hill, and 212 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Mount Pinlayson, and Sooke, Yancouver Island. (^Fletcher.) (2811.) T. subspicatum, Beauv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 244. T. airoides, Boem. & Schultz. Eocky margins of cliffs and ravines from Morley westward through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, and northward in British Columbia to "Fort McLeod, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Eastern summit of North Koo- tanie Pass, Eocky Mountains ; Upper Liard Eiver, lat. 60°, Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, Frances Lake, Finlayson Lake, and hills north of that lake, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Ounalashka; and Kotzebue Sound ; and from Point Barrow to Mackenzie Eiver. {Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. {Lange.} (2812.) T. subspicatum, Beauv., var. molle, Gray, Man. Ed. V. T. mulle, Trin. Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. 64, (1831.) Avena mollis, Michx., Fl. I., 72 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. Very common on rocky banks of rivers and lakes particularly north- ward. Nain, coast of Labrador; Cape Chudleigh, Cape Prince of Wales, and Digge's Island, Hudson Strait; Port Churchill, Hudson Bay. (B. Bell.) Newfoundland. (Beeks.) On rocky banks, Eesti- gouche Eiver ; Upper Gaspereaux and Upper St. John rivers, N. B. {Fowler, Cat.) Manowin Island, Seven Islands Bay, and Grand Isle, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Eiviere de Brig, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, Madeline river, Gasp6, Q. ; crevices of rocks. Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; sand hills, near Port Hope; and at Oak Hill Pond, Hastings Co. ; along Gull Eiver, Victoria Co.; very abundant around Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon. {Macoun.) Along the north shore of Lake Superior^ (Agassiz.) Shore of James Bay north to Cape Jones ; Severn Eiver to Hudson Bay, and north to York Factory. (J. M. Macoun.) Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) Middle Branch of North Fork of Old- Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; Skagit summit, Hope trail, B.C. (Daw- son.) On damp slopes throughout the Eocky and Selkirk mountains ; on the summit of Mount Mark, Yancouver Island. (Macoun.) Eocky Mountains to the Arctic sea-shore and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) 704. AVENA, Linn. Gen. 91. (OAT-GRASS.) (2813.) A. FATOA, Linn. (Wild Oats.) This species is reported from many parts of Ontario and Manitoba, but the only specimen wo have ever seen of it is from Moosomin, in Assiniboia. It makes very good fodder, but as a grain is of no value. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 213 (2814.) A. pratensis, var. Americana, Scribner. A. versicolor, Vill. ; Hook., Fl. II., 244. Abundant on the prairie, fi'om Portage la Prairie westward to the boundary of Manitoba. (Macoun.) Souris Plain, near Moose Moun- tain, Assiniboia. (. inter- media, and it seems to me that further examination will reveal the existence of intermediate forms uniting all three in one multiform species. (2821.) D. unispicata, Munro. in Herb. D. Californica, var. unispicata, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 294. Not uncommon on the south and south-western slopes of the Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) Yancouver Island. (FLeteher.) 707. CYNODON, Pers. (BERMUDA GRASS.) (2822.) C. Dacttlon, Pers. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 622. Introduced on ballast heaps and becoming naturalized at Nanaimo, Yancouver Island. {Macoun.') 708. SCHEDONNARDUS, Steud. Syn. Fl. Glum. I., 146 (2823.) S. Texanus,' Steud. ; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 61, (1885.) Lepturus panicidaius, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2215. On dry slopes at Old "Wives Lakes, and Eagle Creek, near the Bad Hills, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Milk Eiver, Alberta. (Burgess.) Near Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Dawson.) Turtle Mountain, Man. (MiUman.) 709. BOUTEUOUA, Lagasca. "GRAMA GRASS." (2824.) B. hirsuta, Lag.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 621. B.fcena, Terr. Apparently rare in the prairie region or more probably overlooked Only noticed south of the Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) ^16 GEOLOGICAL STTRVET OF CANADA. <2825.) B. oligOStachya, Ton-. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 621. Atheropogon oligottachyum, Nutt., Gen. I., 78. Chondrosium oligostachyum, Torr. in Marcy's Rep., 300. Eutriana oligostachyum, Kunth ; Hook., Fl. II., 242. Abundant on the dry prairie from Winnipeg westward to the Eocky Jklountains, and especially southward of the Canadian Pacific Eailway. i{Macmn.) Plains of the Saskatchewan to the Eocky Mountains. ^Hooker, Fl.) Tui-tle Mountain, Man. ; and Coteau de Missouri, Assiniboia. (Burgess.) (2826.) B. racemosa. Lag.; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 63, (1885.) S. curtipendula, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 621. Chloris curtiptmdvla, Michx., Fl. I., 159. Atheropogon apludoides, Wahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 75. Eutriana curtipendida, Trin. Diss. I., 243. Oynosuras secundus, Pursh, Fl. II., 728. A very rare and beautiful species, on rocky banks. On dry lime- stone rocks at Heely Falls, Eiver Trent, Northumberland Co. ; rocky bank along the Grand Trunk Eailway, east of Shannonville Station, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Fort Garry, Man. (Burgess.) Stony Mountain, Man. (Fletcher.) 710. PHRACMITES, Trin. (REED-GRASS.) (2827.) P. communis, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IL, 241. Arundo Phragmites, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. In ponds and marshes and by lake margins, from the Atlantic west- ward to the Pacific. At Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Eesti- gouche, St. Stephen, and Sackville, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eestigouche Eiver, opposite Campbellton, N.B. ; also Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Prescott and Ottawa railway bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Along the railway, four miles from Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in marshes along the Bay of Quinte, at Belle- ville, and all marshes in central Ontario, and westward to Lake Huron, at Eed Bay and Owen Sound ; also fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Port Arthur. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Marshes along Lake Ontario, at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Miehi- picotin Eiver, and Lonely Lake, Ont. (B. Bell.) Gi-assy Narrows, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant in marshes north-west of Edmonton, and around the west end of Lesser Slave Lake, and north to Lake Athabasca. (Macoun.) Marsh at " Chinaman's Eanche" near Cache Creek, B.C. (Fletcher.) Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOaUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 217 7il. TRIPLASIS, Beauv. <2828.) T. purpurea, Chap.; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 67, (1885.) Vralepis purpurea, Nutt. On the sandy shore of Lake Erie, at Point aux Pins, and Point Pel^e. (^Burgess.) 712. MUNROA, Torr. Bot. Whipple Exp. 102. <2829.) M. squarrosa, Tom; Vasey.Cat. Grasses U.S. 69, (1885.) On alluvium in the valley of Eed Deer Eiver, five miles east of the Hand Hills, Alberta, 1879. (Macoun.) 713. CYNOSURUS, Linn. Gen. 87. (DOG'S-TAIL GRASS.) (2830.) C. CRiSTATUS, Linn. ; Hook. Student's Flora, 488. On lawns and in meadows; seldom cultivated. Quebec, near the Parliament buildings. (^St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Montreal. (G. Barnston.) Lawns at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Occasionally met with at London, Ont. (Burgess.) l^ear Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletchev.) Cloverdale, near Victoria. [John Tolmie.) 714. KCELERIA, Pers. Syn. PI. L, 97. (2831.) K. cristata, Pers. ; Hook., Fl. II., 249. Very abundant in the whole prairie region, and from the confines of the forest to Vancouver Island, and northward to Athabasca Lake. Sandy ground, London, Ont. ; and Emerson, Man. {Burgess. Millman.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. {J. M. Macoun.) Brandon, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) Cypress Hills, Eed Deer Lakes, and throughout the whole Saskatchewan country to Peace Eivor ; also from Brandon westward by Calgary through the Eocky Mountains to Castle Mountain. (Macoun.) Emerson to the Eocky Mountains, on the 49th parallel ; North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; also Eliguck Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Abundant in northern British Columbia to lat. 54° ; 218 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. common in many localities, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Mount Pinlayeon, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Lake "Winnipeg, and Eed Eiver to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) Var. gracilis, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 625. Oak Bay, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island; rather common. (Macoun.) Var. major, Vasey. (MS.) N. Var. A very fine variety, strikingly like large specimens of Eatonia obtu- sata. Cedar Hill, and Goldstream, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 715. EATONIA, Rafln. Journ. Phys. LXXXIX. (2832.) E. obtusata. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 626. Kceleria truncata, Torr., Fl. I., 216. Aira truncata, Muhl. Gram. 83. A. obtusata, Michx., Fl. I., 62. Rehovlea gracilis, Kunth ; Hook., Fl. II., 249, in part. Eather rare in Ontario. In tufts in moist open woods, near Belle- ville; also near Grafton, Northumberland Co. ; and at Eed Bay, Lake Huron, Ont. ; along the South Saskatchewan, at the Elbow, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) (2833.) E. Pennsylvanica, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 626. Kceleria (?) Pennsylvanica, DC. (1813.) Aira mollis, Muhl. Gram. 81. Sebovlea gracilis, Kunth ; Hook., Fl. II., 249, in part. Along river margins, chiefly in alluvial soil, from the Atlantic to British Columbia. Eestigouche, and Kennebeccasis ; rather scarce, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.) Titusville, King's Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Waste places near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Along the Moira, at Belleville, and in many places throughout central Ontario, extending westward to Owen Sound, and thence northerly to the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Low woods near London, Ont. (Millman.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassi::.) Between Fort Severn and York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Washow Bay, Lake Winnipeg. (J, M. Macoun.) Along the Columbia Eiver, at Donald; apparentlj'^ rare. (Macoun.) Near the Falls of Niagara; Saskatchewan to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooher, Fl.) Emerson, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 219 716. CATABROSA, Beauv. Agrost. 'TO. (2834.) C. aquatica, Beaiiv.; Hook., Fl. II., 249. Eathei- rare in springs and small brooks eastward. Pentecost Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Boggy place, near Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Mont Louis, Gasp^ coast, Q. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T.; Port George, James Bay ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; also west coast of Hudson Bay, and Qu'Appelle Eiver, at Port Qu'Appelle, Assiniboia. {J. M. Macoun.) Swift Current Creek, Assiniboia; Crawling Valley, south of the Hand Hills, Alberta ; abundant around a large spring west of Morley Station, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Wood Mountain, and Milk Eiver, lat. 49°. (^Burgess. Dawson.) York Factory, Hudson Bay, to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) 717. ERACROSTIS, Beauv. Agrost. TO. (2835.) E. MAJOR Host. Gram. 4, t. 24. E.poseoides, var. megastachya, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 631- Briza Eragrostis, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 72 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 72. Megastachya Eragrostis, Beauv. Agrost. 74. Introduced along some of the railways in Ontario. Point Edward, Eiver St. Clair, Ont. (<7. M. Macoun.) Along the railway at Windsor, Ont. (Macoun.) (2836.) E. MINOR, Host.; Yasey, Oat. Grasses U.S. "72, (1885.) E.poseoides, Beauv.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 631. Poa Eragrostis, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 80. Waste places and in cultivated grounds. London, and Point Pel^e, Lake Brie. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) In fields at Eoyston, Park, Owen Sound. (Macoun.) (2837.) E. PuRSHii, Schrad.; €lray, Man. Ed. V., 632. Apparently introduced along railways. In fields at Port Oolborne, and Windsor, Lake Ej-ie. (Macoun.) (2838.) E. reptans, Nees; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 631. Poa reptans, Michx., Fl. I., 69; Pursh, Fl. I., 81 ; Hook., Fl. II., 245. Along the Salmon Eiver, four miles above the railway bridge, near 220 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; commorii on alluvial soil, near Belleville, and in many places in Hastings Co., Ont. (^Macoun.) Eiver flat, Don Valley, Toronto, On t. (Burgess.) Along the Eed Eiver, at Winnipeg ; common. (Fletcher.) 718. MELICA, Linn. Gen. 82. (2839.) M. acuminata, Bolander, Proced. Calif. Acad. IV., 104 FestuxM gubulaia, Bong. Veg. Sitch. 173 ; Hook, Fl. II., 251. Bromus suhulatas, Griseb ; Gray, Proced. Am. Acad. VIII., 410. Not uncommon in shady woods at Oak Bay, Gordon Head, and Nanaimo, Goldstream, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2840.) M. aristata, Thurber; Bolander Proced. Calif Acad. IV., 103. Abundant in the valleys of the Selkirk Mountains, especially in Beaver and Bear Creek valleys. (Macoun.) (2841.) M. bulbosa, Geyer; Hook. Journ. Bot. VIII., 19. M. po^oides, Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. IV. 157. Eather common in the Eocky Mountains, ard British Columbia. "Western summit of South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Not rare in northern British Columbia to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) (2842.) M. Harfordii, Bolander, Proced. Calif Acad. IV., 102. Eather rare in rocky ground at Oak Bay, and in oak woods near Cloverdale, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 719. PLEUR0P060N, R. Br. (2843.) P. Sabinii, E. Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 249. Melville Island. (Sooker, Fl.) Port Kennedy, west coast of Bafln's Bay, lat. 72°. (Dr. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 221 720. DISTICHLIS, Rafm. (SPIKE-GRASS.) (2844.) D. maritima, Eaf. Journ. Phys. LXXXIX., 104. Brizopyrum spicatum, Hook. & Am. ; Hook., Fl. II., 254, in part ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 628. B. horeale, Presl, Eel. Hsenk. I, 280. B. Americanum, Link. Hort. Berol. I., 160. Poa Michauxii, Kunth, Enum. I., 325. Festuca distichophylla, Michx., I'l. I., 67; Pursh, Fl. I., 84. Abundant in salt marshea at Victoria, Cadboro Bay, and Nanaimo on the east, and Barclay Sound on the west side of Vancouver Island. (^Macoun.) Straits of De Fuca, and Nootka. (Hooker, Fl) Var. stricta, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 306. Brizopyrum spicatum, var. stricium, Gray. B. spicatum, Hook. & Am. ; Hook., Fl. II., 254, in part; Macoun, Cat. No. 2175. Poa horeale, Hook., Fl. II., 245. We place all our interior specimens under the variety, as they have the loose panicle, few erect spikelets and pale green color that characterize it. Very abundant by salt marshes throughout the whole prairie region, from Winnipeg westward to the mountains, and the dry interior of British Columbia, Hand Hills, and Eed Deer Lakes, Alberta. (Macoun.) Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Thompson Eiver, B. 0. (J. A. Hill.) " Chinaman's Eanche," above Spence's Bridge, B. C. {Fletcher.) Plains of the Eed Eiver to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Milk Eiver, lat. 49°. (Millman.) Saline soil, Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Burgess.) Eed Eiver, Man., 182Y. (Douglas.) 721. DACTYLIS, Linn. Gen. 86. (ORCHARD GRASS.) (2845.) D. GLOMERATA, Linn. ; Nees. Gen. t. 65. Cultivated in orchards and lawns, and escaped to roadsides in many parts of the older provinces. It seems better suited for Vancouver Island than timothy, as it produces better pasture. 222 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 722. BRIZA, Linn. Gen. 84. (QUAKING1GRASS.) (2846.) B. MEDIA, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 633. Introduced and naturalized in a few places. Meadow near London, Ont. ; very rare. {Millman.) On dry rocks at the Halfway House, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (^Macoun.') 723. POA, Linn. Gen. 83. (MEADOW GRASS.) (284*7.) P. abbreviata, E.Br.; Hook., PI. IL, 24*7. Melville Islands, and Igloolik ; Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Bowen, Labrador, 1825. (Lieut. Boss.) Digge's Island, Hudson Strait. (jB. Bell.) On rocks near the sea, Cadboro Bay, and on sand at Qualicum, Yancouver Island. (Maccmn.) Greenland. (Lange.) Some of these references are doubtful. (2848.) P. alpina, Linn.; Hook., PI. II., 246. Abundant on mountains and on the northern coast. Nain, coast of Labrador; and Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) New- foundland. (Sir Joseph Banks.) Jupiter Eiver, and Gunn Eiver, Anticosti; Eivi^re Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp6, Q. (Macoun.) Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Harbor Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Iforth shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) At Otter Head, and Pie Island, Lake Superior; Point "Wilkins, Lake Wiraiipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) " The Twins," James Bay ; west coast of BCudson Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) York Factory to Fort Churchill. (B. Bell.) Between Eepulse Bay and Cape Lady Pelly. (Dr. Bae.) Eather abundant on the Eocky Mountains, from the Kananaskis westward to Eoger's Pass, in the Selkii-k Mountains ; Stewart's Lake Mountain, and Fort Mc- Leod, B.C. ; summit of Mounts Benson and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Eastern and western summits of North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains; Lake Lindeman, lat. 59° 40', B.C., and Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) From the elevated grounds of the Saskatchewan to the Eocky Mountains, and Bear Lake. (Soaker, Ft.) Pond's Bay, BaflEin's Bay. {Br. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2849.) D. alsodes, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 630. P. nemoralis, Terr., Fl. I., 111. Dartmouth, near Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Between Florence- CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 223 ville, and Andover, N.B. (Brittain.) St. Stephen, N.B. {Vroom.) Damp woods, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2850.) P. andina, Nutt.; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S., 79, (1885.) This species seems to be badly characterized or poorly understood. Ungava, Labrador. (Barnston.) Sand beaches, Poplar Eiver, Lake I^ipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Var. purpurea, Vasey. (MS.) Eed Deer Lakes, Hand Hills, and Eed Deer Eiver, Alberta. (Macoun.) (2851.) P. ANNUA, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 245. This species has become naturalized wherever settlements have been made, and it seems to thrive as well on the shores of Hudson Bay as under the genial skies of Vancouver Island. Greenland. (^Lange,') (2852.) P. Bolanderi, Vasey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. VII., 32. On sand at Sooko, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.') (2853.) P. caesia, Smith ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 629. P. nemuralis, Hook., Fl. II., 246. P. glauca, Vahl.. Fl. Dan. t. 964, (1790.) An abundant and useful grass forming much of the pasture in the eastern and northei-n parts of the prairie region. At "Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.') Taborville, King's Co., N.B. (^Fowler, Cat.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Very common at Belleville, along the Eiver Moira, Ont. ; north-east coast of Lake Superior, and around Thunder Bay, and up the Kaministiqua to Kakabeka Falls. (Macoun.) Gravelly shores, London, and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Severn Eiver, and west coast of Hudson Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Point Wilkins, Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. ; west of Touchwood Hills ; Brandon, and Old "Wives Lakes ; south of Battleford. (Macoun.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (/. M. Macoun.) North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; Lake Lindeman, lat. 59° 40'; Dease Eiver, lat. 59°; Frances Eiver, lat. 61° ; Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, B.C., and ]Sr."W.T. (Dawson.) Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) Var. strict! or, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 629. Damp rocks near Sault Ste. Marie; Flat Eock Portage, Nipigon House, Lake Nipigon ; on dry slopes of the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, at Morley. (Macoun.) Wet gravelly shore of Lake Superior, at Port Arthur. (Burgess.) 224 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2854.) p. cenisia, All. ; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U. S., 81, (1885.) P. arctica, R. Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 246, in part; Macoun, Cat. No. 2191. , Pflexuosa, Wahl. Fl. Suec. (1824.) Labrador ; Eocky Mountains to the Arctic sea-shore and islands in every direction. (Hooker, FL) Ford's Harbor, Labrador ; CapeChud- leigh, Nottingham Island, Digge's Island, and Mansfield Island, Hud- son Strait. (iB. Bell.) Fort George, Little Charlton- Island, and " The Twins," James Bay; west coast of Hudson Bay. (J. M. Macoun.') Between Fort Churchill and Cape Lady Pelly, north of Hudson Bay. {Dr. Hae.) Point Barrow, Alaska. (John Murdoch.) Cape Lisburne, Kotzebue Sound, Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) On the beds of snow-slides on all the higher Eocky and Selkii-k mountains. (Macoun.) Hills north of Finlayson Lake, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Green- land. (Lange.) (2855.) P. OOMPRESSA, Linn. (English Blue Grass.) This is considered an excellent pasture grass, but is much inferior to Poa pratensis. Truro, Annapolis and Kingston, N. S. (Macoun.) Harvey, York Co. ; Fredericton Junction, and St. John; Bellisle, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (J. Richardson.) St. Charles Eiver, Q. (St. Oyr.) Field, Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q (Macotin.) Vicinity of Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) ISTeighbor- hood of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont, (Billings.) Very common throughout central Ontario, in old pastures and westward to Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Vicinityof Hamilton, Ont, (Logie.) Sterile sandy soil, London, Ont. ; also Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) In pastures at Cedar Hill, and Cloverdale, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2856.) P. Californica, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 81, (1885.) P. andina, Nutt in herb. Gray ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2185. •Eragrostis Fendleri, Steud. Syn. Gram. 278. Atropis Califomica, Munro. (MS.) Abundant on the mountain slopes along the Fi'aser Eiver, at Lytton, and up the Thompson to Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) (285'7.) P. cuspidata, Vasey & Scribner. Eather common on the higher slopes of the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, and frequent in all the valleys. (Macoun.) (2858.) P. debilis, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 459. Not uncommon in woods eastward. Eocky woods at Pirate's Cove, Canso, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 225 Island of Orleans. (St. Gyr.) Along Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Mount Albert, Gaspd, Q. (Porter.) Miriwin's Woods, Prescott, Ont. ; rare. (Billings.) Drj^ rocky ground in woods at Shannonville, and Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; dry spots. Current Eiver, Lake Superior, and Lake Nipigon ; Niagara Falls, and Port Stanley, Ont. (Jtfacoun.) London, Ont. (Millman) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Var. acutiflora, Vasey. (MS.) Common in woods and thickets at Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) (2859.) P. Eatoni, Watson. East end of Cypress Hills, Alberta, 1880. (Macoun.) (2860.) P. flavicans, Ledeb. ; Eothr. Alask. PL, 467. Ounalashka. (Eothr. Alask.) (2861.) P. glumaris, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IL, 24Y. Olyceria glumaris, Ledeb. ; Eothr. Alask. PI. 458. Islands of St. Lawrence, and Sitka, peninsula of Alaska, and Kotze- bue Sound. (Hooker, Fl. Bothr. Alash.) Mingan Islands, Q. (St. Gyr.) Magdalen Islands, ISr.S. (McKay:) English Bay, Anticosti; Grand Etang, Gasp^ coast, (j. (Macoun.) Temiscouata, Q. (Pringle.) (2862.) P. Howellii, Vasey & Scribner. On the slopes of dry gravelly hillsides at Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Somenos, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2863.) P. laxa, Hank.; Hook, Fl. IL, 246. On the open prairie, Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Near Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan ; on a mountain summit near Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay to the Arctic islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Pond's Bay and Port Kennedy, west coast of Baffin's Bay, lat. 12°. {Dr. Walker.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (B.Bell.) (2864.) P. leptocoma, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 247. Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2865.) P. Macounii, Vasey. (ined.) Abundant on the upper slopes of the Eocky Mountains, at Kicking Horse Lake, (1885.) (Macoun.) (2866.) P. nemoralis, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 246 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 79. (?) Amongst gravel in the valley of Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Moose 15 226 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Mountain, Assiniboia; on the lower slopes in openings of the pine woods in the Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mountain ; on sand in the valley of Beaver Greek, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Mac'oun.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Moose Factory, James Bay. {Oottar & Br. Say den.') Greenland. (Lange.) (2867.) P. Nutkaensis, Presl. Alaska. ( Vasey.) (2868.) P. Nevadensis, Vasey. On cliffs along the sea at Esquimalt, and Gordon Head, near Vic- toria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2869.) P. pratensis, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 246. This species is one of the most widely spread and most valuable grasses we have in the country. It is found in almost every situation, but prefers sandy or gravelly fields, where in a few years it takes com- plete possession. Its value for hay is not nearly so great as for pas- ture. Although often despised by the farmer it is the best friend he has, us his animals feed upon it for nearly the whole summer. The form generally found in the fields has been introduced, but it is indigenous both in the north and west, and is destined to be the great pasture grass of our If orth- west Territories. Greenland. {^Lnnge.') (2870.) P. purpurascens, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. VI., 297. On the upper slopes of the Eocky and Selkirk mountains: very abundant ; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,700 feet. {Macoun.') (2871.) P. serotina, Ehrh. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 629. P. palustris, Muhl. Gram. 150. P. crocata, Michx., Fl. I., 68 ; Hook., Fl. II., 246. Abundant in wet swampy places from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Truro, and Yarmouth, If.S. (Macoun.) Baddeck, Cape Breton. QBur- c/ess.) Magdalen Islands, , N.S. (McKay.) Along brooks in damp fields, Bass Eiver ; Hampton, N.B. ( Fowler, Oat.) Beauport, Q . (St. Oyr.) Open places, Huckleberry Eapids, Ai-genteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Along the Gasp^ coast, atMatane; Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, It. Ott.) Common in wet places at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Veiy common throughout central Ontario, and extending northerly around Lakes Huron and Superior to Eainy Lake. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Swampy ground near London. (Millman. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 227 Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Gravelly shore of Lake Superior, at Port Arthur, Ont. (Burgess.) Nelson Eiver, Kee- watin. (R. Bell.) Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macaun.) Sand Creek, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Cotoau de Missouri; abundant on the Saskatchewan, and northward to Lake Athabasca; very common in wet places and ditches, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Lake Winnipeg to the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Eed Eiver, Man., 182'7. (Douglas) We have vars. Hallii and erecta from the praii-ie region, but they may be only transient forms of the species, and not good varieties. (2872.) P. stenantha, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 247. lestuca nervosa, Hook., Fl. II., 251. (?) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Nootka Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Hooker, Fl.) On the beds of snow slides on the higher Selkirk Mountains in Soger's Pass, B.C. (Macoun.) (2873.) P. sub-aristata, Scribner. On the summits of the higher Eocky Mountains, from Canmore westward to the Columbia. (Macoun.) (2874.) P. tenujflora, Nutt. ; Gray, Proced. Am. Acad. VIII., 409 Atropis tenuiflora, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 310. An exceedingly valuable grass, especially in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains and throughout British Columbia. One of the " Bunch Grasses.'' In Its numerous unrecognized varieties it extends from Brandon westward through the whole prairie region, especially to the south, and appears again west of the Eocky Mountains, where it is the chief pasture grass, and forms part of the natural hay in northern British Columbia. On Vancouver Island it is abundant, from the searcoast to the snow-line, and hence is essentially the native pasturage grass of the Pacific coast. Var. Oregona, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 85, (1885.) This variety has only been detected along the coast of Vancouver Island, from Victoria, to Nanaimo. (2875.) P. TRiviALis, Linn. (Eough-Stalked Meadow Grass.) Introduced in ballast at Eichibucto, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) A number of forms of this fine grass were abundant in the wet pastures at, and around, Victoria, Vancouver Island; doubtless introduced. (Macoun.) We have still a number of undetermined forms of Foa, some of 228 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. which may be good species, but we have not material enough od hand to come to any decision. This genus is well represented in Canada, and the fact that such species as P. ccesia, pratensis, serotina, and tenuiflora, are found throughout the north, shows clearly that Canada wherever denuded of forest is the land of butter, cheese and beef, for future generations. 724. CRAPHEPHORUM, Desv. (1810.) (28'76.) C. melicoides, Beauv. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 625. Dupontia Cooleyi, Gray, Man. Ed. II., (1856.) Petitcodiac, and Titusville, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Simonds, Carleton Co., N.B. {Brittain.) Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. {Porter.) Abundant along the coast of Anticosti, at Eivi^re de Brig ; five miles up the Madeline Eiver, Gasp^ coast, Q ; on the bank of the Trent, half-way between Meyersburg and Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. ;. shore of Eed Bay, Lake Huron ; very abundant at the Pic Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.') (28'7'7.) C. Wolfii, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 55, (1885.) "Head of the Mountain," west end of Cypress Hills, Alberta. (^Macoun.) 725. DUPONTIA, R. Br. (28'78.) D. FiSCheri, E. Br.; Hook., PI. IL, 242. Arctic sea-coast and islands. (^Hooker, Fl.) Cape Prince of Wales,, and Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait. {R. Bell.) Port Kennedy, west coast of Baffin's Bay. (JDr. Walker.) Point Barrow. (John Murdoch.) Between Eepulse Bay and Cape Lady Pelly. {Br. Bae.) (28'r9.) D. psilosantha, Eupt. ; Symb. PI. Boss. 64. Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Arctic coast to Hudson Bay. ( Vasey.) Greenland. {Lange.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 229 726. ARCTOPHILA, Rupt. (2880.) A. fulva, Eupt. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) Colpodiwmfulmm, Ledeb. Bothrock PI. Alask., 458. Poafviva, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 247. Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Arctic coast. {Vasey.) Point Earrow. (John Murdoch,.) <2881.) A. Laestadii, Eupt. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) A. pmdvlina, And. Nottingham and Mansfield islands, Hudson Straits ; coast of Hudson Bay. {E. Bell.) West coast of Hudson Bay, lat. 56°. {J. M. Macoun.) (2882.) A. mucronata, Hack. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) Arctic coast. ( Vasey.) 727. FLUMINIA, Fries. (2883.) F. arundinacea, Fries. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) Festuca borealis, Hook., PI. II., 251. Oraphephorum festuccKeum, Gray. This fine grass is found in great abundance in nearly all fi-esh water ponds throughout the prairie region, and northward to Peace Eiver. (Macoun.) Ponds, Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) 728. CLYCERIA, R. Br. (2884.) C. angustata, Fries. Mant. III., 176. Poa angustata, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 247. Atropia angustata, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. IV., 390. Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Arctic sea-coast and adjacent islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Digge's Island, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Salt marshes along the Gasp^ coast, at Mont Louis ; and in marshes at Annapolis, N. S. (Macoun.) Idaho Inlet, Cross Sound, Alaska. (Meehan.) Greenland. (Lange.) 230 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OF CANADA. (2884.) C. arctica, Hook., Fl. II., 248. G. arctica, /3. laxa, Dur. PI. Kan., No. 97. Arctic sea-coast. (JETooker, Fl.) This species is figured in Hooker's Flora Boreali Americana, and resembles a form of Gr. maritima, but we are unaware of its identification with any of our species. (2886.) C. arundinacea, Kunth; Vasey, Cat. G-rasses, U.S. 86, (188&.) Q. aquatica, Smith ; Hook., Fl. II., 248 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2167. Poa aquatica, var. 13. Americana, Torr., Fl. I., 108. Abundant in pools, ditches, and borders of lakes and rivers, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In water and very wet places, Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Magdalen Islands, (J. Richardson.) Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (^Macoun.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (^Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant at Belleville, and westward throughout Ontario to Lake Nipigon, and south to the Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.) Sault Ste. Marie. (B. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont.; Parry Sound, Georgian Bay ; Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Woodstock, Ont. (Millman.) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hayden.) All around James Bay, and north to York Factory ; also at Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant in pools throughout the prairie region, and north to Lake Athabasca ; rather common in the Columbia Valley, from Golden City to Donald; in wet marshy places at Victoria, Nanaimo, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Upper Nachacco Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan ; Eocky Moun- tains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2887.) C. Canadensis, Trie; Hook., Fl. II., 249. Poa Canadensis, Beauv.,; Torr., Fl. I., 112. Priza Canadenm, Michx., Fl. I., 71 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 82. Poa aquatica, Pursh, Fl. I., 80. Quite common in the maritime provinces ; rare westward. Yar- mouth, Windsor and Canso, l!f. S. ; North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Prince's Lodge, near Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Common in bogs and very wet places, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Say.) Thunder Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet grounds near Prescott Junction, Ont. ; and Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Beaver meadow. Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; also at the entrance to the Murray Canal, near Trenton ; abundant up Gull Eiver, Victoria Co. ; CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 231 and in a marshy meadow, Point aux Pins, Lake Superior ; Flat Eook Portage, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Parry Sound, Geor- gian Bay. (Burgess.) (2888.) C. DLSTANS, Wahl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 628. Atropis distans, Griseb. ; Ledeb. Fl. Eoss. IV., 388. A careful examination of all our specimens from both the east or Atlantic coast and the west coast, has satisfied us that this species is not indigenous to Canada. All forms not introduced are placed under the var. airoides or ff. maritima. On ballast heaps, Pictou, N. S. j North Sydney, Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Carleton, St. John, ISr.B., 1811. (Fowler.) Var. airoides, Vasey, Cat Grasses U. S. 81, (1885.) Glyceria airoides, Thufber, Bot. Wilkes Exp. 490. Poa airoides, Nutt. ; Hook., Fl. II., 245. P. fascicvlata, Hook., Fl. II., 245. Very abundant in saline marshes throughout the interior west of Winnipeg, at Moose Mountain, C6teau de Missouri, Eed Deer Lakes, and Edmonton ; Castle Mountain, in Rocky Mountains. Seed evidently brought from the prairie. (Macoun.) Fort Carleton. (Hooker, Fl.} (2889.) C. elongata, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IL, 248. Poa elongata, Terr., Fl. I., 112. i Bass Eiver, and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lower Tobique Eiver, KB. (Sai/.) St. David, Charlotte Co., KB. ( From.) Titus- ville, King's Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Pentecost Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.} (2890.) C. fluitans, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 248. Festuca fluitans, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 66; Pursh, Fl. I., 84. Very common in ditches and muddy places from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In shallow water, Bass Eiver ; and at St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Common around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant at Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in ditches and ponds througout central and western Ontario, and extending to Lake Nipigon and the west side of Thunder Bay, and Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Vicinity of Hamilton. (Logic.) London, Toronto, Niagara Falls, Hatchley, and Point aux Pins, Lake Brie. (Burgess.) Port Colborno, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont.; and Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (M. Bell.) Throughout the northern part of the prairie region, and south to the dry, treeless district ; rather common in the 232 QEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA Columbia valley and eastern valleys of the Eocky Mountains; in wet places at Goldstream, Somenos, Nanaimo, and Alberni, Yancouver Island. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (^Fletcher.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2891.) C. festucaeformis, Eeichenb. Icon. FI. Germ, t., 151. Poa festucxformis, Host ; Hook., Fl. II., 245. Along the coast of Vancouver Island, at Oak Bay, near Victoria, 1887. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2892.) G. Lemmoni, Vasey. Along the coast of Vancouver Island, at Esquimault, Oak Bay, and Nanaimo. (Jfacown.) (2893.) C. maritima, Wahl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 628. Atropis distans, Thurber, Bot Calif. II., 308, in part. • All the native forms distinct from (r. angustata, are placed here whether collected on the east, north or west coasts. The various forms of this species require careful examination. North Sydney, Cape Breton, and Truro, N.S. {Macoun,.) Frequent on the sea-coast of Kent Co. ; Salt marshes, Bathurst, and St. John, N".B. {Fowler, Cat.) Coast of Anticosti, at Salt Lake, Ellis Bay, and Strawberry Cove ; salt marsh at Cape Eosier, and along the Gasp6 coast to Matane. (Macoun.) Ste. Genevieve, Mingan, Q. {St. Gyr.) Salt marshes, Lower St. Lawrence. {Fringle.) Fort George, James Bay. {J. M. Macoun.) Common in salt marshes along the coast- of Vancouver Island, at Victoria, Kanaimo, and Alberni. {Macoun.) Texada Island, and Blunden Harbor, Gulf of Georgia, B.C. {Dawson.) Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. {Meehan.) (2894.) C. nervata, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 248. G. Michauxii, Kunth, Enum. I., 367. Poa nervata, Willd. ; Pursh, FI. I., 78. P. striata, Michx., Fl. I., 69. P. parvifiora, Pursh, Fl. I., 80. Briza Canadensis, Nutt., Gen. I., 69. A very common and variable species growing chiefly in wet mea- dows and marshy places in woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Bedford, Yarmouth, and many other places in Nova Scotia. (Macoun.) In damp grounds and meadows, Bass Eiver, and St. John, N. B. {Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. {Hay.) L'Anse si Gi-iffon, Gasp6 coast. {J. Bell.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, and at Point LSvis, Q. {Macoun.) Thunder Eiver, and Island of Orleans, Q. {St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common ai-ound Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant throughout Ontario, and westward OATALOaUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 233 to the Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) London, Kingston, Parry Sound, and Sault St. Marie, Ont. {Burgess.) Oxford House, Keewatin. {R. Bell) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. ; Souris Plain, and Medicine Hat, N.W.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in wet places on the prairie, and north-westward to Peace Eiver, and Lake Atha- basca; abundant in the Eocky and Selkirk mountains; throughout British Columbia to lat. 56° ; common on Yancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2895.) C. Obtusa, Trin. ; Hook. PI. II., 249. Poa obtusa, Muhl.; Torr., Fl. I., 112. St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Apparently very rare in Canada. '(2896.) C. pallida, Trin. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 627. In and around springs ; rather local. At North Sydney, Cape Breton, (Macoun & Burgess.) In water Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) At O'Brien's Bridge, and Canniffton, Hastings Co.; one mile south of Gibson's Mountain, Prince Edward Co. ; at Cold Creek Bridge, Wooler, Northumberland Co. ; and boggy ground, Sydenham Falls, Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Wet sandy shore, Port Cockburn, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logic. (289Y.) C. pauciflora, Presl ; Hook, PI. II., 248. Not uncommon in marshes around Lesser Slave Lake, and westward to Peace Eiver, at Hudson's Hope ; in the vicinity of springs and along brooks in swamps in the valleys of the Selkirks ; rather common on Vancouver Island, at Somenos, Nanaimo, and Stamp Eiver, on the west coast. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Sitka, Alaska. (Meehan.) Nootka Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2898.) C. pumila, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club XV., 48. A very small but distinct (new) species, gathered in salt marshes along Barclay Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island, 188Y. (Macoun.) 729. FESTUCA, Linn. (FESCUE-GRASS.) (2899.) F. durluscula, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 83. F. ovina, Linn., var. duruiscvla, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 633. We place under this species all coast forms without running root- 234 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. stocks, and with F. rubra all those which have. Eather common on the Atlantic coast, and apparently indigenous. Newfoundland. {Sir Joseph Banks.) At Bedford, Annapolis, and McNah's Island, Halifax JIarbor. (Macoun.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay. J. Richardson.) Pennant, Halifax Co., N. S. (Sommers, Gat.) Coast of Labrador. (Mc frill Coll. Serb.) Eichibucto, Shediac, and Moncton, N.B. ; scarce. (Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Gasp^ Basin, Gasp^ Co., Q. ; Wellington Beach, Lake Ontario ; dry fields, near Trenton, and Port Hope, Ont. ; very abundant at Queenston Heights ; and in many places around Lake Superior. (Macoun.) West coast of Hud- son Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon on gravelly slopes in the Eocky and Selkirk mountains. (Macoun.) (2900.) F. ELATIOR, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 83. Cultivated on lawns and in some meadows. Meadows at Windsor, and in fields at Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) In fields atPredericton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beauport, Q. (St. Cyr.) In meadows at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hoyden.) (2901.) F. microstachya, Nutt.; Watson, Bot. King Exp. Y., 388. Yery common on dry gravelly slopes throughout southern Yancou- ver Island, on all the dry slopes at Nanaimo, Goldstream, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Sooke, south-west of Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Var. divergens, Thurb.; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 90, (1885.) Very abundant on gravellj^ slopes on the mountains around Gold- stream, and an dry locks near Wellington Mine, Departure Bay, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Var. pauciflora, Scribner; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 90, (1885.) Found in some abundance at Stewart's Lake, northern British Columbia. (Macoun ) (2902.) F. Mtcrus, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 66 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 83 ; Hook., Fl. II., 249. Introduced on all dry soils in the southern part of Vancouver Island, chiefly under oaks. Abundant at Cedar Hill, and Nanaimo. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2903.) F. nutans, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 84. Halifax, N.S. (Burgess.) Lower Norton, Belleisle, and Bairdsville, N.B. CATALOGUE Or CANADIAN PLANTS. 235 {Brittain.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. ; rather rare. {Bil- lings.) Common in rich, rocky woods arid thickets near Belleville ; also Seymour, Northumberland Co. ; and at Owen Sound, Ont. {Macoun.') Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie. Millman.) Eich woods at London, Ont. (Burgess ) (2904.) F. occidental is, Hook., PI. U., 249. F. pauciflora, Thurb. Bot. Calif. II., 318. Groldstream, and on the slopes of Mount Finlayson, and Mount Pre- vost, Vancouver Island. (Macovn.) (2905.) F. ovina, Linn.; Hook., Fl. IL, 250. Under vai'ioiis forms this species extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Bedford, near Salifax, N.S. Introduced. (Sommers, Cat.) In tufts on hillsides, Truro, N.S. (Macozm.) Petty Harbor, New- foundland. (E. Bell.) Plains of Abraham, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Sandy meadows, London, Ont. Port Stanley, Lake Erie; north shore of Lake Superior, and along Lake Nipigon to Livingstone Point. (Macoun.) Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (JR. Bell.) Frequent on bluffs along the Assiniboine, between Brandon and Fort Ellice ; rather common on the lower slopes of the Eocky Mountains ; abundant in northern British Columbia, and through the Peace River Pass, and northward to Lake Athabasca; rather common on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) North Point of Texada Island, Grulf of Georgia ; Sooke, Vancouver Island ; Lake Lindeman, lat. 59° 40'; Polly Banks, and Pelly Eiver, lat. 62°, N.W.T. ; Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatche- wan, and Bear Lake ; and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Cumber- land Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Var. brevifolia, Watson, Bot. King's Exp. V,, 3*79. F. brevifolia, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 350. Abundant along the Arctic coast, and on mountain tops. Ford's Harbor, Labrador ; Upper Savage Islands, Nottingham, Mansfield, and Diggo's islands, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Cumberland Island, Hudson Bay. (Parry.) Between Fort Churchill, and Eepulse Bay. (Dr. Bae.) Pond's Bay, and Port Kennedy, Baffin's Bay. (Dr. Walker.) On the higher slopes of the Eocky Mountains, from Canmore westward through the Selkirk Mountains to Eoger's Pass ; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,700 236 GEOLOGICAL STJRVET OF CANADA. feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) On the Arctic sea-coast and is- lands; and Eocky Mountains. {Moolcer, Fl.') Eae Eiver, Arctic coast- {Br. Rae.) Var. polyphylla, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 90, (1885.) A fine tall grass growing on hillsides at Goldstream and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Yar. vivipara, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 633. Common along the coast of Anticosti, at Jupiter, Eiver. (Macoun.) Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Cumberland House, Bear Lake, and Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, Fl.) (2906.) F. RichardsonI, Hook., PI. II., 250. Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Alaska. ( Yasey.) (2907.) F. rubra, Linn. ; Hook., PI. II., 250. All forms of this species have running root-stocks. Cape Porteau, Yarmouth, N.S., and North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) EiviSre de Brig, Anticosti, and along the Gasp6 coast, near Pox Eiver. (Macoun.') London, Ont., and Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Xear Vic- toria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant along the whole coast of Vancouver Island, from Bsquimalt to Qualicum. (Macoun.) Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, and Sitka, Alaska. (Meehan.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Var. villosa, Vasey. (MS.) Fesiuca rubra, var. I., Hook. Fl. II., 250. North Pork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Apparently not rare in the foot hills of the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Besides the above variety, we have vars. genuinea, longiseta, and planifolia, Vasey, which may be distinct enough to separate them from the species. All are common on the coast of Vancouver Island, near Victoria. (2908.) F. scabrella, Torr.; Hook., Fl. II., 252. (Bunch Grass.) , F. Macounii. Vasey ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2204. Melica HallU, Vasey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. VI., 296. Summit of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Q. ; Moose Mountain Creek, and Souris Plain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Abun- dant around Brandon, and west to Moose Mountain and Moose Jaw ; com- mon at Calgary, and westward in the foot-hills at Morley ; on moun- tains at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) Middle Pork of Old Man CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 237 Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; Frances Lake, lat. 61°, and Pinlayson Lake, lat. 62°, N. W.T. (Dawson.) Alpine districts of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) On rocky slopes at Lytton, B.C. (Fletcher.') (2909.) F. SUbulata, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II., 250. Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) "We know nothing of this species. It may be included in some other form under another name. Possibly a form of J", ovina. (2910.) F. tenella, Willd.; Pursh., Fl. I., 83. F. bromoides, Michx., Fl. I., 66. Dry hillsides ; not common eastward. Sheldrake Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Border of Oak Hill Pond, Hastings Co.; common on Eice Lake Plains, near Castleton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy thickets, Point Pel^e, Lake Brie. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Port Stanley, Lake Brie ; abundant at Spence's Bridge, and northward through British Columbia ; dry hills around Victoria, Mount Finlayson, and l^anaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cad- boro Bay, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) 730. BROMUS, Linn. Gen. 89. (BROME-GRASS) (2911.) B. Aleutensis, Trin. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 92, (1885.) Alaska. ( Vasey.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2912.) B. breviaristatus, Buckl.,Proced. Philad. Acad. 98, (1862.) Ceratochloa breviaristata, Hook., Fl. II., 253. Not uncommon in the Eocky Mountains, and far eastward in the northern prairie region. Along the Eed Deer Eiver, Porcupine Moun- tain, Man. ; Eed Deer Lakes, and Cypress Hills, and northward to the Athabasca. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Daw- son.) Summit of Skagit Mountain, B. 0. (Bowman.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) In woods and thickets, not uncommon, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near the sources of the Columbia. (Douglas.) (2913.) B. Ciliatus, Linn. ; Pursh, PI. L, 85. B.pwgans, Linn; Hook., Fl. II., 262, in part. Common eastward in thickets and damp places. Pictou, N. S. (McKay.) On low damp places at Annapolis and Ti-uro, N.S. (Macoun.) On intervales, Bass Eiver; and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) 238 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, Little Tobique Eiver, N.B. {Hay.) North of the Eestigouche, at Campbellton, and along the Bay of Chaleur; Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe, Q. {Porter.') Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; Pentecost Eiver, Q. {St. Gyr.) Abundant in sandy places along the EiviSre Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. {B' Urban.) Vicin- ity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bank of the St. Lawrence Eiver, near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) ■ Very common in wet woods and thickets throughout central Ontario, and north-westerly to Lake Nipigon and Lake Superior, and south to Pigeon Eiver. {Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. {McGill Coll. Serb.) Eocky thicket, King- ston, Ont. {Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Eiver flats, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; Willow Point, Lake Winnipeg ; and Moose Mountain, Man. {J. M. Macoun.) Oxford House, Keewatin. {B. Bell.) Vicinity of Winnip>.g, Man. {Prof. Fowler.) Sand Creek, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Eather common in wet meadows and thickets, from Morley westward to the Columbia Valley, and Sel- kirk Mountains ; common on Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Goose Creek Mountains, Cariboo, B.C. {Bowman.) Sooke, Vancouver Island. {Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Kotze- bue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Vars. ligulatus & pauciflorus, Vasey. (MS.) These varieties, with some others, are common on many parts of Vancouver Island, but may not be distinct enough to remain separated from the species. (2914.) B. Hookerianus, Thurber, Bot. Wilkes Exp., 493. Ceratochloa grandiflora, Hook., Fl. II., 253. Confined to the Pacific coast. Ifot uncommon in thickets at Gold- stream, Cadboro Bay, l^fanaimo, and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Var. minor, Scribner; Vasey, Oat. Grasses U. S. 92, (1885.) Brumus mrens, Buckl., Proced. Philad. Acad. 98 (1862). Not uncommon on Vancouver Island, at Nanaimo, and Qualicum. {Macoun.) (2915.) B. Kalmii, Gray, Man. Ed. v., 634. B. purgans, Torr., Flora, N. York, II., 463 ; Pursh, Fi. I., 85 ; Hook., Fl. II., 252, in part. Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eocky woodlands west of Brockville. {Billings.) Dry rocky hillsides, Marmora, Hastings Co. j CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 239 Wooler, Northumberland Co. ; and dry woods, Balsam Eapids, Vic- toria Co., Ont. (Macoun.') Sandy woodlands, London, Out. (Burgess. Millman.') Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Veiy abundant throughout the northern rart of the prairie region, on gravel ridges or margins of coulees. Long Lake, Thunder Creek, and south of Battle- ford. (Macoun.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) (2916.) B. Macounii, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club XV., 48. Not uncommon on dry hills. Cedar Hill, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canon, Lewes Eiver, lat. 62", N.W.T. (Daioson.) (2917.) B. MAXiMos, Desf.; Bot. Calif. II., 315. Sparingly introduced at Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.) (2918.) B. MOLLIS, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 85. Introduced and naturalized on both the east and west coasts. Along the sea-shoi-e at Yarmouth, JST.S. (Macoun.) Quebec city. (St. Gyr.) Very rare in fields and by roadsides at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Abundant in cultivated ground and under oaljs throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.) (2919.) B. Orcuttianus, Vasey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. X., 223. Not rare in the oak groves at Cadboro, and Oak bays, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2920.) B. Pumpellianus, Scribner, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,XV., 9. Not uncommon in the prairie region on river banks and coule6 mar- gins, from Port Bllice to Calgary, and thence westward in the Eooky Mountains to the Columbia Valley ; northward in British Columbia to Quesnel. (Macoun.) Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2921.) B. RAOEMOsus, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 634. Introduced and naturalized in the older settlements. Among wheat at Baas Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Quebec city. (St. Oyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Eoadsides and railway tracks at London, and Essex Centre, Ont. (Burgess.) Pitt Eiver, B.C. (Sill.) Abundant in meadows, waste places, and cultivated grounds, Vancou- ver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher. Dawson.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) (2922.) B. SEOALiNus, Linn. (Chess or Cheat.) Introduced and naturalized in all parts of the country. This species 240 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. is much less common than thirty years ago. Now, the farmers have excellent fanning mills, and wheat is better cleaned, and hence piu-e seed is sown. At the period spoken of many believed that winter- killed wheat changed into chess. Since the seed is cleaner and the land drained, chess has almost disappeared. (2923.) B. SUbulatUS, Ledeb. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U.S. 93, (1885.) Ounalashka. (Jtothr. Alask.) "Unknown to us as well as the next.. (2924.) B. Sitchensis, Bong.; Hook., Fl. II., 253. Sitka. (JHooher, Fl. Rothr. Alask.) (2925.) B. TECTORUM, Linn.; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 93, (1885.) Introduced at Kingston, Ont. {Millman.') (2926.) B. SEGETUM, Schl. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 93, (1885.) Introduced with seed-grain at Shuswap Lake, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.} 731. LOLIUM, Linn. Gen. 95. (DARNEL.) (2927.) L. PERENNE, Linn. (Eye Grass.) Introduced and cultivated in some localities near Pictou, N. S. {McKay.') Near railway depot, Carleton, KB. {Fowler, Cat.) Jacques Cartier Eiver, Q. {St. Oyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Neighborhood of Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Meadows at London, and Kingston, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Quite common on Vancouver Island, where it produces excellent hay. {Macown.) A variety with very long glumes has been gathered at London, Ont., by Dr. Burgess. He writes that it is not L. temulentum. (2928.) L. TEMULENTUM, Linn. (Poison Darnel.) Eather rare or seldom detected. Near railway depot, Carleton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Along a new road at Cameron Lake, in the centre of Vancouver Island. Introduced in horse feed. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 241 732. ACROPYRUM, J. Caertn. (WHEAT-GRASS) (2929.) A. caninum, Eeich. Icon. PI. Germ. 119. Triticum caninum, Schreb. ; Hook., Fl. II., 254 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2220. Eather rare on gravel banks eastward ; abundant in the northern prairie region. On intervales, Coal Branch, Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler, ' Cat.) Environs of Quebec; rocky bank of Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. {St. Cyr.) Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. {Porter.) Banks of the Moira, at Belleville; rooky banks, Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; on the Trent, above Trenton, Ont.; woods, Niagara Falls. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont. ; and Saugeen, Lake Huron. {Burgess.) Kaministiqua Eiver, west of Lake Superior ; very abun- dant from Winnipeg westward to Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan; common from Calgaiy through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Yalley. {Macoun.) Sand Creek, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains ; Njcola, and Kamloops, B.C. {Dawson.) Lake Winnipeg to the Sas- katckewan. {Hooker, Fl.) Emei-son, and Brandon, Man , and Shuswap Lake, B.C. {Frof. Fowler.) (2930.) A. dasystachyum, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 96, (1885.) Tritimim dasystachyum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 638. T. repens, var. dasystachyvm, Hook., Fl. II., 254. Sandy shore of Lake Huron, at Saugeen, Ont. {Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) West coast of Lake Superior ; western Manitoba, Long Lake, Old Wives Lakes, Eiver That Turns, Fort Pitt, and throughout the northern prairie region to Edmonton ; from Calgai-y westward to Castle Mountain, Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Echmanish Eiver, Keewatin ; and Nelson Eiver, near York Factory, Hudson Bay. {B. Bell.) (2931.) A. divergens, Nees. ; Vasey,'Cat. Grasses U. S. 96, (1885.) Triticum strigosum, Less. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2221. Bunch grass of British Columbia, and the drier parts of the Eocky Mountains. Common on the dry slopes of the mountains along the Bow Eiver, from Morley westward to Banff; on dry slopes of the Thompson and Fraser rivers, B.C. {Macoun.) Abundant on the higher slopes at Lytton, B.C. {Fletcher.) North Point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C. {Dawson.) An awnless variety is found in great profusion on the gravel ridges at the mouth of the Kicking Horse Eiver, Columbia Valley. 16 242 GEOLOGICAL SURVEr OF CANADA. Var. tenue, Vasey, Cat. Grasses D. S. 96, (1885.) Triticum xgilopiodes, Turcz. ; Gray, Proced. Acad. Phil., 79 (1363). T. caninum, var. /?., Hook. Fl. II., 255. On dry slopes in Bow Eiver valley, near Old Bow Fort, and west- ward mixed with the species. {Macoun.) (2932.) A. glaucum, E. & S., var. occidentale, Y. & S. Triticum repens, Linn., var. glaucwn, Vasey. Very abundant in the prairie region, and westward to the Fraser Eiver. Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Bank of Souris Eiver, Assiniboia. {Burgess.} Eed Eiver, Man., 1827 {Douglas.') Long Lake, Eed Deer Lakes, and south of Battleford ; rather common from Calgary westward on dry benches through the Eocky Mountains to Hector. (Macoun.) Near Wild Horse Creek, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) A form between this species and A. divergens is abundant along the Thompson Eiver, near Lytton, B.C. {Macoun.) ' Very variable, and extending from the Saskatchewan to the, Arctic sea. (HboJeer, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alash.) This is one of the finest grasses on the prairie for hay or pasture. It seems to prefer saline and damp soil, and does not grow in bunches but singly. There are numerous forms of this which are generally referred to the next, but which I include here. Sir John Eicliardson seems to have found the species all the way to the Arctic sea. (2933.) A. REPENS, Beauv. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 96, (1885.) Triticum repens, Linn. ; Maconn, Cat. No. 2217. We include all our indigenous forms under A. glaucum, and under this place the notices of the introduced plant, which is a vile weed in many parts of the old settlements. Eeported from Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontai-io, and even from Vancouver Island, on the Pacific coast. (2934.) A. tenerum, Vasey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. X., 259. Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; and Severn Eiver, Keewatin. {J. M. Macoun.) Speke's Point, Lake Nipigon ; abundant on prairies from Winnipeg westward to the Touchwood Hills, and Edmonton, N. W. T. {Macoun.) Pine Eiver Pass, lat. 55°, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Brandon, and Emerson, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. {Douglas.) Quite common on dry elopes and in meadows westward from Calgary through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley; a peculiar- form is not uncommon on Vancouver Island, at Goldstream, and Nanaimo. (Macoun.) CATAIiOaUB OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 243 (2935.) A. violaceum, Lange; Vasey, Oat. Grasses U.S. 97, (1885.) Tritimim violaceum, Hornem. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2219. On the summit of Mount Albert, G-aspe, Q. (^Porter.) Touchwood Hills, Long Lake, Assiniboia, and westward to Edmonton ; rather common in the Bow Eiver valley, from Calgary westward to Kicking Horse Lake, in the Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Lake Lindeman, lat. 59° 40'; Pelly. Banks, lat. 62° ; and Lewes Eiver, lat. 61°, KW.T. (Dawson.) Fort Conger, Grinnell Land, lat. 81°, 44'. (Lieut. Qreely.) Greenland. (Lange.) 733. SECALE, Linn. (RYE) (2936.) S. SATIVUM, Linn. Cultivated in most parts of the country, and occasionally met with in meadows and wheat fields. 734. TRITICUM, Linn. (WHEAT) (2937.) T. VULGAUE, Linn. Many varieties are cultivated. It would be an interesting study if a complete series of these were grown at the Experimental Farm, and specimens of them dried and mounted for future reference. Over two hundred varieties are named and in collections in Europe. Many of the new varieties lately cultivated are no doubt old forms brought into cultivation. The "Wild Goose Wheat of Edmonton turns out to be Triticum, Polanicum or Poland "Wheat, and was known over 150 years ago. The legend that this wheat was obtained from the crop of a wild goose may be true, as LinnsBus himself believed it to be a native of Central Asia. 735. HORDEUM, Linn. (BARLEY) (2938.) H. jubatum, Linn. ; Pursh, PI. I., 89. ("Wild Barley.) On the sea-coast, and on saline soil in the prairie region. Bedford, N.S. (Sommers, Gat.) Salt marshes at Truro, Annapolis, and Yar- mouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Pictou, and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) 244 GEOLOGICAL SDRVET OP CANADA. Sandy soil along the Gult shore, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti (St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, and English Bay, Anticosti ; marshes along the Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Tadousac, St. Lawrence Eiver. (A. T. Drununond.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Sault Ste. Marie. (B. Bell.) Sands at the mouth of Current Eiver, at the Pic, and at Port William, Lake Superior ; also at Nipigon House, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Lake shore, Port Arthur, Lake Superior ; Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Eed Eiver, prairie generally, and westward to Turtle Mountain. (Dawson. Millman.) Ifelson Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Moose Factory, James Bay. [Cottar & JDr. Hayden.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. ; Charlton Island, and Fort George, James Bay : Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Eed Eiver, Man., 182Y. (Douglas.) Common on saline soil around ponds, from Winnipeg westward to the mountains, and northward to Peace Eiver, and Lake Athabasca ; in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, and westward to Caslle Moun- tain ; vicinity of Victoria, and along the coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Milk Biver Eidge, Alberta; Lewes Eiver, lat. 61°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Fort Yukon, Yukon Eiver. (Bothr. Alask.) Plains of the Saskatchewan to the Mackenzie Eivei-. (Hooker, Fl.) Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2939.) H. MUEiNUM, Linn. ; Bot. Calif, IL, 225. Introduced in ballast, at Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2940.) H. pratense, Huds.; Hook., Fl. IL, 256. H. nodosum, Linn. ; Bot. Calif. II., 325. East end of Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) Abundant on the coast of Vancouver Island, at Victoria, Cadboro Bay, Nanaimo, Quali- cuni, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Esquimalt, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) North end of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C. ; Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) Vancouver city, Buri-ard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Sitka. (Barclay.) (2941.) H. pusillum, Nutt, Gen. L, 37. Cadboro and Oak bays, Vancouver Island ; also along the Canada Southern Eailway, at Amhez-stburgh, Ont, Introduced from the west along the railway. (Macoun.) (2942.) H. MARiTiMUM, With.; Hook,, English Bot, 505. Introduced in ballast at IN'anaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 245 736. ELYMUS, Linn. (RYE-GRASS.) {2943.) E. arenarius, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 255. Common on sand beaches along the coasts of Vancouver Island, both on the east and west sides of the island. {Macoun.') Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Dawson.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Island of Kodiak. (Barclay.) North-west coast to Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Norton Sound to Point Barrow. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) Owing to the confusion that seems to exist between this species and E. mollis, I have placed all the notices of the western form under E. arenaria, and the eastern and interior ones under the F. mollis. It is extremely probable that they are both forms of one species. (2944.) E. Americanus, Vasey & Scribner. E. Sibiricus, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 255 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2224. All specimens hitherto referred toF. Sibiricus are included by the authors in this species, and the Siberian plant is not considered by them an American form. Maimainse, east coast of Lake Superior; Pine Portage, Nipigon Eiver, Ont. ; Moose Jaw Ci-eek, east end of Cyfiress Hills, and north-westward to Peace Eiver, at Dunvegau. (Macoun.) Pine Pass, Eocky Mountains, lat. 55°. (Dawson.) Eather common in the valleys of the Eockj' and Selkirk mountains; very abundant in damp thickets on every part of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Praser Valley, near Yale, B.C. (Boioman.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) Emer- son, and Winnipeg, Man. ; also Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Frof. Fowler.) (294).) E. Canadensis, Linn. ; Pursh, PI. I, 89. (Wild Eye.) A fine stout grass growing on river banks and dry hillsides through- out Canada. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Sussex and Petitcodiac; Eel Eiver, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Abundant on rocky banks of the Moira and Trent, and their branches in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, and Point aux Pins, Lake Brie. [Burgess.) Elk Island, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Coteau de Missouri, and Wood-end, Assiniboia. (Burgess.) Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Brandon, and near Fort Ellice, Man. ; Moose Jaw Creek, Long Lake, and source of Qu'Appelle Eiver, Assiniboia, and westward in the northern prairie to the Eocky Moun- 246 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OF CANADA. tains ; on gravelly banks, in the Columbia Valley. {Macoun.) Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; also "Wood-end, and Tui-tle Mountain, 49tli parallel. (Dawson.) Bed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.') Var. glaucifolius, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 639. E. glavc'fulim, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 89. Foliage glaucus and awns longer and more spreading than the type. The difference is more marked in living plants. Niagara Falls ; on rocky banks. (Burgess.) Sand banks, Prince Edward Co., Ont. (Mill- man.) On rocks, Heely Falls, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Point Edward, Eiver St. Clair, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Sandy shore. Lake of the "Woods. (Dawson.) (2946.) E. condensatus, Presl, Eel. Hank. I., 265. In saline marshes and swamps, both east and west of the Eocky Mountains. Eibstone Creek, east of Hand Hills, Alberta ; westward from Medicine Hat to Eocky Mountains ; also at Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains ; also Similkameen Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Ladner's Landing, Lower Eraser, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2947.) E. dasystachys, Trin. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses "U.S. 99, (1885.) Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (B. Bdl.) North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Abundant on hillsides, and in burnt woods from Calgary westward through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley ; very common in northern British Columbia to McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Lease Eiver, B.C., lat. 59°- (Dawson.) (2948.) E. Macounii, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 99, (1885.) Abundant in many parts of the prairie region, extending from Qu'Appelle westward to the Eagle Hills,- and southward to the Hand Hills, where it is particularly common, as well as at Morloy. A fine grass growing chiefly in bunches, (2949.) E. mollis, Trin.; Hook., Fl. 11., 255. E. arenarius, var. /J. vUloms, E. Slayer, Labrad. 20. Abundant along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Nain, and Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Cape Prince of Wales, Nottingham Island, and Digge's Island, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Cape Foi-teau, near Yarmouth, and Halifax,' N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Sand beaches, Kouchibouguac, and at Eestigouche, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Along the St. Law- rence, at Tamiscouata. (Fringle.) North shore of Lake Superior. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 247 {Agassiz.) On sand at the mouth of Current EivBr, and along the north-east coast of Lake- Superior; east coast of Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Along James Bay. and north to York Factory, Hudson Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Between Port Churchill and Eepulse Bay. {Dr. Bae.) Saskatchewan to Bear Lake, and the Arctic shores. {Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. {Lange.) (2950.) C. Striatus, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 89. E. villosus, Muhl. ; Pursh, Fl., I., 89 ; Hook., Fl. II., 256. We have never seen Canadian specimens of this species. Niagara Falls, and London, Ont. {Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Canada. {Goldie, in Hooker, Fl.) (295].) E. VJrginicus, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 65; Pursh, Fl. I., 89; Hook., Fl. II., 255. Abundant in the alluvium of river flats. Quite common at Whyco- comagh. Cape Breton, and Truro, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) On intervales at Hampton, and Coal Branch, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti; St. Fo3'e Eoad, Q. (St. Gyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Low ground along brooks and large streams throughout central Ontario, west to Owen Sound, and north-westerly to the west side of Lake Superior, {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) London, Ont. ; in the river flat ; Emerson, Man. {Burgess.) Eosseau Eiver, Man. {Dawson.) Var. /?. submuticus, Hook., Fl. IL, 255. Along the Nation Eiver, at Casselman, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan ; common east of the Eoeky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Not uncommon along the Assini- boine and Qu'Appelle rivers, Man. {Macoun.) Easily distinguished from the species by the short awn. (2952.) E. VancouverensiS, Vasey,Bull.Torr.Bot. Club, XV.,48. Abundant, growing in sand close to the sea; on Mr. Fuller's farm. Oak Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. Extensively creeping in the sand, by running root-stocks. Collected June 30th, ISBY. (Macoun.) (2953.) E. Columbiana, (120.) Abundant, growing in tufts on gravel close to the sea, at Qualicum, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C. {Dawson.) A very interesting grass with the general appearance of A. tenerum. 248 GEOLOGICAL STJRVEr OF CANADA. 737. ASPRELLA, Willd. (BOTTLF-BRUSH GRASS.) (2954) A. hystrix, Willd. ; Hook., Fl. II., 251. Elymus hystrix, Linn. ; Torr., Fl. I., 138. QymnosHchum hystrix, Schreb. ; Macoun, Cat. No- 2231- On rocky soil in woods, not common. Bel Hiver, Carleton Co., N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Between Florenceville, and Andover, N.B. (Brittain.) St. Eemi, Q. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Eocky woods, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Eocky woods and thickets around Belleville, Ont. ; woods at Owen Sound, Ont. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Near Kingston, Ont. {Millman.) Thickets at London, Ont. {Burgess.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, Fl.) Addendum. (2955.) Carex Iseviculmis, Meinch. (ined.) C. elongata. Hook., Fl. II., 213. Sitcha. (Bong.) I am informed by Mr. Bennett that Charles P. Meinchausen, Director of the Botanical Museum, St. Petersburgh, has just named the Alaskan C. elongata as above, but the description has- not yet been published. GfflOGICAL AKD MMAl HISTORY SHRTEY OF MNADA. ALFEBD E. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LL.D., P.E.S., F.G.S., Dikeotoe. CATALOGUE CANADIAN PLANTS. PART V.-AGROGENS. JOHl^I" MAOOU]^, M.A., F.L.S., F.E.S.O., Botanist and Naturalist to the Geological and Natiwal History Sanev of Canada. MONTEEAL : WILLIAM FOSTBE BEOWN & CO. 1890. GEOLOGICAL AND MTHRAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CANADA. ALPEED E. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LL.D., F.E.S., F.G.S., Director. CATALOGUE CANADIAN PLANTS. PART V.-ACROGENS. JOHI^ MAOOUN, M.A., F.L.S., F.R.S.O., Botanist and Naturalist to the Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada. MONTREAL : WILLIAM FOSTEE BROWlSr & CO. 1890. PREFACE. PAET y. In the Preface to Part IV. it was stated that Part V. would include the ferns and their allies and also the Musci and Hepaticse. The addendum to the Parts already published had grown so large, however that it was thought better to change our expressed intention, and in the Part now issued — which completes Volume II. — we include an addendum bringing the Parts already published up to date. Part VI. will be published during the ensuing year, and it will include the Characeee, Musci, and Hepaticse, about 1000 species in all. Since the publication of Part IV., we have made collections on Prince Edward Island, and on the mainland of British Columbia, as far east as the summit of the Gold Range ; Dr. G. M. Dawson collected in British Columbia in 1888-9, and Jas. M. Macoun on the Athabasca, Clearwater, and Upper Churchill rivers in 1888, the results of these collections have been embodied in this Part. A number of collectors whose names will appear in the addendum have assisted me with notes and specimens, and to them hearty thanks are returned, and it is hoped that they and others will continue the good work. Communi- cation has been kept up with specialists both in Europe and America, and the addendum will show the good results obtained. Dr. Serene Watson has examined many critical species, and has been of great assistance in many instances. Dr. N. L. Britton, of Columbia College, New York, has critically examined numerous genera, and is at present at work on others. Prof. Trelease, Director of the Shaw School of Botany, St. Louis, has examined our Geraniacese and vari- ous difKcult genera, and Pi'ofessoi'S Coulter and Eose the whole of our TJmbelliferaB, adding many new species and changing considerably the IV PREFACE. nomenclature. Mr. M. S. Bebb, of Eockford, III, has examined all our Willows and revised the nomenclature, much of that part of the adden- dum r efen-ing to th e Willows being his work. Messrs. Bennett and Beeby have continued their work, and named our Potamogetons and Spargania. We have been enabled to make the changes in, and additions to, the genus Carex, by the use of Prof Bailey's Memoir, published by the Torrey Botanical Club, und by his examination of our specimens col- lected during the past two yeai-s. Prof P. Lamson Scribner has deter- mined all the grasses collected in British Columbia in 1889, and other critical species. The changes and additions in the order Grramineae, are either his or have been made at his suggestion. Dr. T. J. W. Burgess, our highest authority on Canadian Ferns, has prepared the orders OphioglossaccEe and Filices. JOHN MACOUK Ottawa, May, 1880. ACROGENS. CXIX. BQUISETACE^. Horse-tail Family. 737. EQUISETUM, Uinn. (SCOURING RUSH.) (2956.) E. Telmateia, Bhrh. Great Horsetail. Kfluviatile, Linn. Hook. Fl. II., 269. Along the shores of the Gulf of Georgia on both sides and commou in many places on Vancouver Island, especially along the Nanaimo Eailway, also on wet banks along the C. P. Ey. from the coast east to Yale, B.C. (Macoun.) Shore of Burrard Inlet at Vancouver City. (Prof. Fowler.) (295*7.) E. arvense, Linn. Common Horsetail. Hook. Fl. II., 269; Pm-sh, Fl. II., 651. Abundant on wet undrained loamy soil from Newfoundland west- ward in all parts of the country to the west coast of Vancouver Island, and northward to Alaska and the Arctic coast. Var. campestre, Milde. Greenland, Aug., 1888. (Bosenvinge.) Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait, 1886. (Mackenzie.) Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait, Aug., 1884. (It. Bell). (2958.) E. pratense, Bhrh. E. umbro8um,WiUd. ; Hook. Fl. II., 269. Damp thickets and sides of ravines ; not rare. Windsor and Musquo- doboit, N.S. (How). Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) North "West \ 250 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Arm, near Halifax, and North Mountain, near Annapolis, N.S. ; also Point Fame, coast of Gasp^, Q. (^Macoun.) Cape Eouge, near Quebec. (^St. Gyr.) Lake Mistassini and Eupert Eiver, N.B.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Owen Sound and Saugeen, Ont. (Burgess.) Shores of Lake Nepigon and Lake Superior, and westwai'd through the forest country, Eocky Mountains, and British Columbia mountains to the mountains of Yan- couver Island. (Macoun.) Cai-leton House to the Eocky Mountains. (Drummond.) (2959.) E. sylvaticum, Linn.; Hook. M. IL, 269. In loamy woods and river bottoms ; not rare. Newfoundland. (^Miss Brenton, Bev. A. Waghorne.) Nain, coast of Labrador. (iZ. Bell.) Very common throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler's Gat.) Common in Nova Scotia. (Sommer's Gat.) Yarmouth and Truro, N.S. ; Anticosti ; and at Tignish, Prince Edward Island. (Macoun). Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (St. Oyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet places, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Common in cool woods from Carleton Place, near Ottawa, westward through northern Ontario to Lake Nepigon; also in the valley of the Columbia at Donald, in the Selkirk' Mountains, and at Stewart Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Prom the Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin on the Mac- kenzie Eiver. (HooJc. Fl.) Greenland. (Br. Walker.) Kotzebue Sound. (Both. Alask.) (2960.) E. palustre, Linn.; Hook. PI. IL, 269. In wet ditches and on springy places along rivers ; not rare. Near Bedford, N.S. (Sommer's Gat.) Mistassini, N. B. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Knee Lake, Nelson Eiver, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (B. Bell.) Low ground, Sorel, Q. (Burgess.) Ste. Clotilde, Artha- baska Co., Q. (St. Gyr.) North Hastings, and east side of Lake Nepigon, Ont.; Eed Deer Eiver, 10 miles above Eed Deer Lake, Lat. 53°, also in river bottoms westward to Lesser Slave Lake and Peace Eiver; rather common along the Bow Eiver at Kananaskis Statipn, C.P.Ey., and along Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains and abundant along Shuswap Lake, especially at Sicamous, B.C. (Macoun.) Lake Huron to the shores of the Arctic Sea. (Hook. Fl.) Var. polystachyum, Hook. E. limosum var. /3. Candelabrum, Hook. Fl. II. 269 ? Muskeg Island, Lake Winnipeg, Aug., 1884. (J. M. Macoun.) Growing in water at Lake Winnipeg. (Hook. Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 251 (2961.) E. littorale, KuWewem. Mouth of Lake Champlain, Q. (Pringle.) The specimens referred to this species by Milde (Gray Manual, 654) were collected by the author at Belleville^ Ont., in the summer of 1860, and sent to Sir "William Hooker, who referred them to U. limosum var. fluviatile. Since then it has been found to be not uncommon along the boggy shores of the Bay of Quinte at Belleville and Little Flat Eoek Portage, Lake Wepigon ; also at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) It is doubtless common but has been hitherto confounded with the next. (2962.) E. limosum, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. IL, 269. E. uliginosum Pursh, Fl. II., 651. Common along the margins of rivers and lakes, and frequently in marshes in all parts of Canada. Antigonish Co., N.S. (McKay.) Kent Co., Tobique Lakes, Mctaw Lake, Carleton Co., and ISTipisiquit Lakes, I^.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti; Cove Head Prince Edward Island ; also Gaspd Basin, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) St. Sauveur, near Quebec, and at Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Q. (.S**. Oyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Shallow water, Glenelg, IST.S. (Faribault.) Ponds of Salmon Eiver, at Truro, N.S. (Oampbell.) Common throughout Ontario and westward to the Eocky Mountains, British Columbia and on the west coast of Vancouver Island at Barclay Sound, and north to Lat. 55° at McLeod's Lake B.C. (Macoun.) (2963.) E. laevigatum, A. Braun. E. hyemale, Hook. Fl. II., 270 in part. Quite common in the prairie region and in the dry district of British Columbia. Dry bank, Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Boss Hill Creek and South Saskatchewan near Medicine Hat, Alberta; also at Morley and Oanmore, Eocky Mountains ; quite common at Kamloops, Spence's Bridge and Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) Guichon Creek, B.C. (Dawson.) (2964.) E. robustum, A. Braun. Apparently confined to British Columbia. Wigwam Eiver, Kootanie Valley, B.C. (Dawson.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) "Wooded slopes, Gordon Head, Telegraph Bay, Vancouver Island ; also at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) 252 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2965.) E. hyemale, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. IL, 270 in part. Quite common throughout the northern forests, and westward through the mountains to the Pacific. Eather rare at Bass Eiver ; also at Drummond, Victoria Co., IST.B. (Fowler's Oat.) Portage, Kent Co. ; Bairdsville and Simmonds, Carleton Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Eivi^re de Bi'ig, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Brackley Point, and elsewhere on P. E. I. ; common along the Gasp6 coast, Q. (^Macoun.) Lac St. Joseph, Portneuf Co., Q. (St. Gyr.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (^Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Gravelly banks, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) (2966.) E. ramosissimum, Desf. "We refer to this species forms intermediate between F. hyemale and F. variegatum but which differ from the first in having a short black sheath with soft fragile teeth which are united in groups by thin white membranous margins, and tipped with a long soft point, from the latter by the greater number of ridges, greater size and longer teeth. Speko's Point, Lake Nepigon, Ont. , Shawnagin Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (296*7.) E. variegatum, Schleicher, Hook. Fl. IL, 270. In sand by rivers and lakes ; not rare. Kear Andover, N.B. ; rare (Brittain.) Eivi^re de Brig, and Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at Gasp^ Basin, Q. (Macoun.) Border of the Montmorency Eiver at Beau- port, Q. (St. Gyr.) Wet places, Niagara Falls. (Burgess.) Shore of Lake Ontario, at Presqu'Ile Point, near Brighton ; sands. Lake Nepigon; Bed Deer Eiver, Lat. 53°, Man. ; along the Bow Eiver, in sand and westward through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia at Donald, in sand along Shuswap Lake, and on the Indian Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C. ; also along the shores of Home and Cameron lakes,Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Elk Eiver, Kootanie Valley ; along the Upper Liard Eiver, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Frequent in Canada and thence to the Saskatchewan and Arctic Sea. (Hooker Fl.) Green- land. (Bosenvinge). Bai-tlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) (2968.) E. scirpoides, Michx. Fl. IL, 281. E. variegatum var. p. Hook. Fl. II., 270. Common on the slopes of cool ravines and in swampy woods north- ward. Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait. (E. Bell.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Common about Eiver Charlo and Point Le Nim, N.B. (Fowler's Gal.) Wet places at Truro, N.S. ; Brackley Point and other CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 253 places, Prince Edward Island; Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, and along the Gasp^ coast in woods. (ifacoM/i.) Beauport, Quebec Co.; Eiviferedes Aulnaies and Chambord, Chicoutimi Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher M. Ott.) Low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Very common throughout northern Ontario, and westward through the forest to the Eocky Mountains ; Bow Eiver Pass, and westward to Donald in the Columbia valley ; along a ravine at Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Macoun.) Middle Branch of North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; Eliguck Lake, 18Y6, Chilcoten Plains, B.C. (Dawson.) About the Saskatchewan. (Rook. Fl.) NoTB. — The pages of this Catalogue (5 to 39) including the orders Ophioglos- sacese and Filices have been prepared by T. J. W. Burgess, M.B., F.E.S.C. CX:X. OPHIOGLOSSACE^. Addee-tongue Family. 738. OPHIOCLOSSUM, Linn., Cen. PI., No. 1171. (ADDER-TONGUE.) (2969.) O. vulgatum, Linn., Sp.Pl., 1518. Michx.,Fl. Bor.-Am., II., 275. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., II., 675. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 293. Goode, Can. Nat., ix., 301. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy, Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 173. Usually found in the grass of low meadows, and, though rather rare, has a wide range, extending from Nova Scotia westward to Manitoba. In the sand at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. (Macoun.) In fields near Truro, N.S. (Campbell.) Truemanville, N.S. (A. J. True- man.) Hopewell and Cape Enrage, N.B. (J. Brittain.) Hemmingford, Que. (Goode.) Beech wood, near Hemlock Lake, Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Perry Point, Belleville, Ont. ; beaver meadow between Hooper's Lake and the Hastings Eoad, Tudor Tp., Hastings Co., Ont. ; grassy places along the Trent, McCann's Island, Seymour Tp., Northumberland, Ont. ; St. Thomas, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Valley of the Humber, Toronto, Ont. (Burgess.) Low meadow. Port Stanley, Elgin Co., Ont. (J. Bowman.) Mouth of Eainy Eiver, Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) 739. BOTRYCHIUM, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot., (I800,) ii., no. (GRAPE-FERN.) (2970.) B. Lunaria, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot., ii., 110. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., II., 265. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 293. Watt, Can. 254 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 1*74. Vei-y variable both in shape and habitat and ranging from Quebec to British Columbia and high northward. Island of Orleans, Que. (/. F. Whiteaves.) Eivi^re du Loup (en-has), Que. (McCord.) Island of Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Exposed cliffs near Cape Eosier, Grasp^, Que. ; Nepigon Bay, in meadows at Cape Alexander, twelve miles up the Nepigon Eiver, at various points on Lake Nepigon, and at the Pic Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. ; abundant on the prairie close to the sand hills at Plat Creek, Manitoba; on mountain slopes. Bow Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains; boggy meadow near Fort McLeod, B.C. (^Macoun.) Middle Branch of North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Damon.) Near head of Dead Man Eiver, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) Carlton House, on the Sas- katchewan, N.W.T. (Bichardson.) Wet prairies in the Eocky Moun- tains (Drummond.) Bchimamish Eiver to Knee Lake, and Churchill Eiver near Hudson Bay, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Open spaces in damp, grassy thickets at the Hudson Bay Co.'s post on Lake Mistassini, and in a similar locality near the Oatmeal Falls on Eupert Eiver, N. B. Ter. ; in hard sand between the sand dunes on all the islands in James' Bay, and on Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun^ Eegina, Assa. {N. H. Gowdry.) (2911.) B. matricariaefolium, A. Braun, in Doell., Ehein. Fl., 24 (1843). "Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 1^5. In Canada, so far as known, limited to the westward by Lake Supeiior, but has been found sparingly in IJnalashka. At Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Dry grass lands. Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Truemanville, N.S. (JI. Trueman.) Petitcodiac and Titus- ville, N.B. (Brittain.) Damp hillsides, under bushes, Dalhousie, N.B. ; King's Mountain, Chelsea, Que. ; Casselman, Ont. (Fletcher.) Black Eiver, P.E.I. ; gravelly places on sea cliffs. Cape Eosier. Gasp^, Que. J woods near Belleville, Ont. ; pine woods five miles north of Campbell- ford, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; below the i-ailway bridge, Nepigon Eiver, and on islands in Lake Nepigon, Ont. ; thickets at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) (2972.) B. lanceolatum, Angstrcem, Botan. Notiser (1854) 68. Groode, Can. Nat., ix., 300. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 176, CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 255 Very local in its distribution on shaded, mossy banks of streams, in rich woods, and low pastures. Fields and rich damp woods, Trueman- ville, N.S. {H. Trueman.) Shady places in rich soil, Frederioton and Bass Eiver, IST.B. (Foioler.) Kennebeccasis, If.B. (Hay.) Magog, Que. (Goode.) Port Simpson, B.C. (Anderson.) (29'73.) B. simplex, Hitchcock, Sillim. Am. Journ. of Sci. and Arts, vi. (1823) p. 103. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Bui-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 177. B. Virgirdcum, var. (?) simplex, Gray, Man., ed. 2, 602. Lawson, Can. Nat., 1., 292. Occurs in meadows, damp rich woods, and on hillsides. Windsor, IST.S. (How.) Truemanville, N.S. (Trueman.) Petitcodiac and Fre- derioton, N.B. (Bailey.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Fletcher.) Prince Edward Island. (F. Bain.) Near the sea shore, Temiscouata, Que. (Thomas.) Quebec, Que. (Brunei.) Montreal, Que. (McGord.) A small island at the east end of St. Joseph's Island, Georgian Bay, Ont. (J. Bell.) Common in meadows along the Kaministiquia Eiver above Fort William, Lake Superior, Ont. ; grassy slope below the peak of Castle Mountain, near Silver City, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Between Cumberland House and Hudson Bay, N. W. Ter. (Brummond.) (2974.) B. ternatum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., III., Watt, as var. Amsricanum, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 177. Biu-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 9. Botrypus lunarioides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., II., 274. Botrychium lunarioides, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 172. Gray, Man., 672. Pro- vancher, FL, Can., 722. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 292. Botrychium fumarioides, Willd., Sp. PL, v., 63. Pursh, FL Am. Sept., II., 655. Botrychium ternatum, Swartz, var. lunarioides, Milde, Bot. Monog., 108. Macoun's Cat., No. 2340, var. i. The type, which has been made to include var. lunarioides, var. rutcefolium, var. australe, and sub-var. intermedium, has a vei-y wide range, extending quite across the continent and far northward. Cape Porcupine ; Boylston, Guysborough Co. ; Eawdon, Hants Co. ; and other places in Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Bedford and Windsor, N.S. ; Eapide de Femme, about six miles below Grand Falls, N.B. (Jack.) Eather common in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Prince Edward Island. (F. Bain.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) Three Elvers, Que. (Maclagan.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Gyr.) St. Joachim, Que. 256 GEOLOGICAL SURVliT OF CANADA. (Provancher.) Waste places near Prescott Junction, Ont. {Billings.) Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) London, Ont. (Saunders.) Toronto, Blen- heim, and Leamington, Ont. (Burgess.) Ottawa, Ont. ; New West- minster and Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (J. E. Wetmore.) In fields and by roadsides, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; along the north shore of Lake Superior, at Nepigon Eiver, Eed Eock, Port William, &c.; frequent on the western prairies, especially toward the Saskatchewan; Peace Eiver Pass, Eocky Moun- tains; rare on the snow slides near the summit of the Selkirk Moun- tains, B.C., on the lino of the C. P. Ey.: also in thickets at Agassiz, B.C., and summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun). Mouth of Eainy Eiver, Lake of the Woods, Ont. (Dawson.) Oatmeal Palls, Eupert Eiver, K B. Ter. ; Fort George, Hudson Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Var. obliquum, Milde, Bot. Monog., 109. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 178. B. obliquum, Muhl. in Willd., Sp. PI., v., 63. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 655. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Lawson, Can. Nat.,~i., 292. Is much less frequently seen than the type. New Germany and Oaklands Lake, Mahone Bay, N.S. (Ball.) Dry, rich woods near the hop-yard, Belleville, Ont., and in sandy soil on Eice Lake Plains, Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy woodland, Niagara Palls, Ont. (Burgess.) London, Ont. (Saunders.) About Hudson Bay, York Factory, and on the " Height of Land,' in the Eocky Mountains. (Drummond.) Var. dissectum, Milde, Bot. Monog., 110. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 178. B. dissectum, Sprang., Anleitg., 172 (1804.) Muhl. in Willd., Sp. PL, v., 64. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 656. Only recorded from Mount Uniacke and New Germany, N.S. (Ball.) ; Halifax, N.S. (Jack); and woods near the Whirlpool, Niagara Palls, Ont. (Macmm.) (2975.) B. Virginianum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 111. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 448. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 179. Boirypus Virginicus, Michx., Fl. Bor-Am., ii., 274 (1803.) Botrychium Virginicum, Willd., Sp. PL, v., 64 (1810). Gray, Man., 671, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 656. Provancher, Fl. Can., 721. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 292. CATALOGUE CF dANADIAN PLANTS. 257 A very abundant species, ranging from the Maritime Provinces to British Columbia, and northward to near the Arctic Circle. Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Port Mulgrave, N.S. (JBall.) Cape Blomidon, IST.S. {Iiawson.) North Mountain, Annapolis N.S., and Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Truemanville, N.S. (iT. True- man.) Eather common in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Stc. Anne Eiver, Gasp^, Que. (Porter.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Cyr.) Eocky woods, Jupiter Eivei-, Auticosti, Que. ; north shore of Lake Superior at Eed Eock, Nepigon, Thunder Bay, and up the Kaministiquia Eiver, Ont. ; Fort McLeod, Lat. 55", and lower valley of Praser Eiver, B.C. ; rather rare on grassy slopes and in open woods, from Laggan in the Eocky Mountains, Alta., to Donald in the Columbia Valley, B.C., along the line of the C. P. Ey. ; Goldstream, Vancouver Island, and at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) Very abundant in open, boggy woods, and in burnt woods of any kind, all around Lake Mistassini, N. B. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) L(jwer slopes of South Koot- anie Pass, Eocky Mountains, Lat. 49°. (Dawson.) Oxford House, Keewatin. (McTavish.) Common in rich woods about Victoria, and in other parts of Vaneouver Island, B.C. (Anderson.) One of the com- monest ferns in western Quebec and south-western Ontario. (Macoun, Burgess, Fletcher, &c.) Banff, Eocky Mountain Park. (J. Smith.) CXXI. FILICES. Fern Family. 740. POLYPODIUM, Linn., Cen. PI. No. 1179. (POLYPODY.) (2976.) P. vulgare, Linn., Sp. PL, 1544. Michx., PI. Bor.-Am., ii., 271. Pursh, Fl. Ao. Sept., ii., 658. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 268. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 180. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv.. Sect, iv., 10. P. vulgare, Linn., var. Americanum, Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 258. P. Virginianum, Linn., Sp. PL, 1545. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., 11., 658. A rather variable species as regards the shape and degree of division of the frond and of its pinnse. Commonly found on rocks exposed or shaded, but sometimes on dry banks or old logs, and occasionally on growing trees, in dense woods. It ranges from the Atlantic to the Pacific, extending northward to Nelson and Slave rivers, and pro- bably to the Arctic Circle. Of very general distribution through- 258 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. out Nova Scotia. (BaU.) Common near St. John, but rare in the northern counties of New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Grand Falls aud Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Common in Quebec. (Provancher, D' Urban, McCord, J. Bell, St. Oyr, &c.) Abundant in most parts of Ontai-io. (Macoun, Lawson, Billings, Logie, Burgess, Ami, &c.) Plentiful in rocky parts of Manitoba. (Macoun, Dawson, Burgess.) Nelson Eiver, Hudson Bay. (Bell.) Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) The form known as var. occidentale is very abundant and is the common one in British Columbia, but the normal type also occurs. (Macoun, Fletcher, Anderson.) The var. Gambricum was found on rocks at Port Simpson B.C. (Anderson.) (2977.) P. falcatum, Kellogg, Proc. Cal. Acad., i., 20. (1854.) Macoun & Burgess, Trans Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sec. iv., 181. P. glycyrrhiza, Eaton, Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts (July 1856), 138. Confined to British Columbia, where it is found in the crevices of rocks and on trees. Abundant on rocks along the coast between Victoria and Esquimault Harbour, also at Goliistream, Vancouver Island ; frequent in the hollows of living trees in the valley of the Fraser Eiver, especially at Hastings and the mouth of Harrison Eiver. (Macoun.) On rocks at Victoria. (Anderson.) (2978.) P. Scouleri, Hook. & Grev., Ic. Fil., t. Ivi. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 342. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 181. P. carnosum, Kellogg, Proc. Cal. Acad., ii., 88. Eestricted to British Columbia and found usually on rocks exposed to the spray of the sea. Alberni, west side of Vancouver Island. (Anderson.) On exposed rocks, on small islands in Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near Cape Scott, and around the northern and north-western coast of Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) 741. CYMNOCRAMME, Desv., Berl. Magaz., V. 305. (GOLD-FERN.) (2979.) C. triansfularis, Kaulf., Enum. Fil., 73. Hook., Fl., Bor.- Am. ii., 259. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 384. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect, iv., 182. Found only in British Columbia, and rare even there. Crevices of CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN SLANTS. 259 rocks on the grassy slopes of Cedar Hill and Gordon Head, a few miles from Victoria, and at Goldstream and Departure Bay, near Ifanaimo. (Macoun.) Moant Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Hill.) Common about Victoria on bare hills under the shady sides of rocks. (Anderson.) 742. CHEILANTHES, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 126. (LIP-FERN.) (2980.) C. gracillima, D. C. Baton, Bot. Mex. Bound., 234. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 139. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect, iv., 182. C. vestita, Brackenridge, Fil. of V. S. Expl. Exped., 91. A British Columbian species growing in dense beds on rocks. Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher, Macoun.) Fissures of dry rocks on Mount Finlayson at the head of, and on other hills on the cast side of, Saanich Arm, near Victoria, V.I. ; Harrison Lake. (Anderson.) Crevices of dry and exposed rocks a few miles above Spence's Bridge on the Thompson Eiver. (Macoun.) At Pend d'Oreille Eiver. (Lyall.) (2981,) C. lanuginosa, Nutt., MS. in herb. Hook. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 139. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect. iv., 183. C. vestita. Hook., Sp. Fil., excl. syn., 1. 108, B. Not of Swartz, and Willd. ; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Found growing in matted masses, on exposed rocks, and limited in range to British Columbia and the eastern base of the Eocky Moun- tains. Abundant on ledges of rock, between Morley and Old Bow Fort, on the right bank of the Bow Eiver, Alberta; crevices of rocks near Limestone Point on the JSTorth Thompson Eiver, B.C. (Macoun.) Eattlesnake Bluff, Black Canyon, above Ashcroft, B.C. (Sill.) Alpine woods, Eocky Mountains. (Drummond.) New Caledonia, JSTorthern British Columbia, and north-west coast. (Dovlglas.) Banff, Eocky Mountain Park. (J. Smith.) 743. PELL/EA, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol., 59. (CUFF-BRAKE.) (2982.) P. gracilis, Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 138. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, 145. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect, iv., -183. 260 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Pleris gracilis, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 99. Purah, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 668. Hook., FI. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Allosorus gradlis, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 153. Gray, Man., Ed. 2, 591. AUosorus Stelleri, Ruprecht, Distr. Crypt- Vase, in Imp. Eoss., 47. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 272. Pellxa Stelleri, Beddome, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 235. Occurs in the crevices of rocks from Labrador to British Columbia, but is by no means a common species. Morris Rock, Eestigouohe, and Grand Falls, St. John, N.B. (Fowler.) Madawaska, IST.B. (Say.) Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Mingan Islands, Que. (^St. Oyr.) On crystal- line limestone, near the Lake of Three Mountains, Eiver Rouge, Que. {B' Urban.) Cacouna, Que. (J.W.Dawson.) Eivi^re du Loup, Que. (Thomas.) Ci-evices of limestone i-ocks near Hemlock Lake, Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Lakefield, Ont. (Mrs. Traill.) On Guelph dolo- mites, Little Saugeen Eiver, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. (H. M. Ami.) Crevices of wet rocks at the mouth of the Temiscami Eiver, about twenty-five miles from the east end of Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. ; summit of Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.C., altitude 7,000 feet. ( /. M. Macoun.) Crevices of rocks near L'Anse a Fallon, Cape Eosier, Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, and Gunn Eiver, Anticosti, Que. ; lime- stone rocks along the Eiver Moira near Belleville, Foster's Flats below the Whirlpool, Niagara Falls, rocks at Owen Sound, along the Kaminis" tiquia Eiver at and below the Eakabeka Falls, under the cliffs at Eed Eock and Nepigon stations on the C. P. Ey., crevices of the Huronian slates seventeen miles from Michipicotin on the Magpie Eiver, Ont. ; Peace Eivei- Pass, Eocky Mountains, N. W. Ter.; crevices of rocks in rear of the C. P. Ey. water-tank at Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains, and at Mount Stephen, B.C. (Macoun.) Eocky hillsides, not common, Kootanie Disti'ict, B.C. (Anderson.) Canada. (Goldie), to the Saskatchewan. (JDrummond), in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. (2983.) P. atropurpurea, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol., 59. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 272. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Biu-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect, iv., 184. Pteris atropurpurea, Linn., Sp. PL, 1534 Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 668. Hook., Fi. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. A widely distributed but very local fern, ranging from Ontario west- ward to British Columbia and northward to Great Bear Lake. Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.) Not rare in the crevices of limestone cliffs in the Dundas Eavine, Dundas, Ont. (Burgess.) Limestone rocks, Blora, Ont. (McPherson.) Crevices of rocks at the Whirlpool and Foster's Flats, Niagara Falls, Ont. ; common at various places on rocks CATALOGtTE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 261 aroTind Owen Sound and Colpoy's Bay, Ont. ; rare in crevices of lime- stone rocks on the mountains near Kananaskis Station, Eocky Moun- tains, on the C. P. Ey., and on limestone cliffs. Clearwater Eiver, north of Methy Portage, Lat. 51°, N. W. Ter. ; canyon, near Buffalo Head Mountain, Eocky Mountains ; ci-evices of dry rocks between Spence's Bridge and Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) Hillsides on broken rocks, not common, Kootanie District, B.C. (Anderson.) Canada to Bear Lake and the Eocky Mountains. (Richardson, Brummond.) Moun- tains between Nicola and Kamloops, B.C. {Dawson.) Banff, Eocky Mountain Park. (J. Smith.) (2984.) P. densa, Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 150. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 149. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect. iv., 185. A rock species, confined so far as known to the provinces of Quebec and British Columbia, where it is rare. Found by Prof. Allen on Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gasp6, Que., in 1881, growing exposed to the sun on the steep walls of ravines, at 2000 to 3000 feet elevation. (Eaton.) Abundant on cliffs along the Praser Eiver above Yale and within the Cascade Mountains, notably at Chinaman's Bluff; on rocks, Sicamous, Shuswap Lake ; and summit of Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Anderson.) 744. CRYPTOCRAMME, R. Br., APP. Frank. Narr. (ROCK-BRAKE.) (2985.) C. acrostichoides, E. Br., appendix to Franklin's First Journey, 16*7. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 273. "Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 185. C. crispa, forma Americana, Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 130. Allosorus acrostichoides, Spreng., Syst., 66. Gray, Man., 660. C. crispa, var. acrostichoides, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 236. Is found, forming dense tufts, among rocks and in their crevices, from Lake Huron westward to British Columbia, and stretching northward to within the Arctic Circle. McLeod's Harbor, Manitoulin Island, Ont. (J. V.ell.) Cumberland House to G-reat Bear Lake, N. W. Ter. (Richardson.) Between Echimamish Eiver and Oxford House, and around Cross Lake and on Nelson Eiver near Hudson Bay, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Common from Lake Winnipeg to the " Height of Land," 262 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. towards the east, N. W. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Eocks along the Arctic coast from Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay. (Hooker.) Stony places in the Eocky Mountains, but rare, to the sources of the Columbia Biver, B.C. {Brummond') , thence to the Grand Eapids of the Columbia. (^Douglas.) Kicking Horse Pass, Eocliy Mountains, Selkirk Mountains, common in the Cascade and Gold ranges, along the Eraser Eiver at Agassiz, and common on Vancouver Island, B.C. (Macoun.) Wigwam Eiver, Koo- tanie Valley, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Yale, B.C. (Fletcher.) Common at Victoria, B.C., among rocks on bare hills. (Anderson.) 745. PTERIS, Linn., Gen. PI., No. 1174., (BRAKE OR BRACKEN.) (2986.) P. aquilina, Linn., Sp. PI., 1533. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Hook., PI. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Provancher, Fl. Can., 115. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 2*70. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can,, ii., sect, iv., 186. Allosorus aquilinus, Presl, Tent Pterid., 153. Is common, growing usually on sand or sandy loam, from the At- lantic to the Pacific. Very common in Nova Scotia. (McKay.) Growing everywhere in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, Que. (Macoun.) Common everywhere in Quebec. (McOord, St. Gyr.) Common at Lake Mie- tassini, and down the Eupert Eiver to James Bay, N. B. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in Ontario and in parts of Manitoba. (Macoun, Burgess, &c.) Saskatchewan plains, N. W. Ter., and Eocky Mountains, (Macoun.) Var. lanuginosa, Bong.; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 187. P. lanuginosa, Bory, in Willd., Sp. PI., v., 403. The common form on Vancouver Island and the mainland of British Columbia, where it is known to extend eastward at least as far as the Columbia Eiver at Donald. (Fletcher, Macoun.) It is characteiized by the silky-pubescent under surface of the fronds. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 263 746. ADIANTUM, Linn., Cen. PI., No. I ISO. (MAIDENHAIR.) (2987.) A. pedatum, Linn., Sp. PI., 1557. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 121. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., 1i., 670. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Provancher, Fl. Can., 714. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 270. Watt, Can. Kat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Ti-ans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 187. A. boreale, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 158. Is usually found in rich, damp woods, and outside of Ontario is very local in its distribution. Newport, Hants Co., N.S. (Ball.) Arciii- •bald's Mill, Upper Musquodoboit, Halifax Co., N.S. (Jack.) Upper Eestigouche and Upper St. John; Keswick Eidge, York Co., N.B. (Fowler.) Andover, Victoria Co., N.B. (Say.) Moose Mountain, Carleton Co., N.B. (Bailey.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) St. Joachim and Isle St. Paul, Montreal, Que. (Provancher.) Levis ; Cap Eouge ; and Ste. Eose, Laval Co.. Que. (St. Cyr.) Eiver Eouge, Que. (B' Urban.) Very common throughout Ontario. (Lawson, Macoun, Burgess, &c.) On the plateau of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspd, Que. ; Vancouver Island, Yale, and other places in Britist Columbia. (Macoun.) Plentiful about Victoi-ia, B.C. (Fletcher, Ander- son.) Kootanie Lake, B.C. (J. Anderson.) Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Dawson.) Var. rangiferinum. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can.,iv., Sect, iv., 11. A form with longer stalked pinnules, cleft, on the upper side, into narrow, toothed lobes. At present known only in one locality, viz., shaded rocks overhanging the water, Coldstream, at the base of Mount Finlayson, near Victoria, B.C. (Anderson.) Will probably be found to occur elsewhere on Vancouver Island. 747. LOMARIA, Wllld. (DEER-FERN.) (2988.) L. spicant, Desv., Mag. d. Gesellsch. Naturforsch. Preunde zu Berlin, v., 325. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 178. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 188. Burgess, Trans- Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 12. Blechnum boreale, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 75. Syn. Fil., 115 Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 669. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Is confined to the coast of British Columbia west of the Coast Eange, 264 GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OF CANADA. where, however, it is ahundant in rich, cool woods. Nootka, Vancouver Island. {Mertens.") Common near Victoria and along the coast of the mainland. {Anderson.) New Westminster. (^Fletcher.') Drew's Harbor and Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Observatory Inlet. {Scouler.) Pitt Elver. {Rill.) Vancouver City. {Fowler.) Very abundant in damp woods in many parts of Vancouver Island, and in the thick woods in the Fi-aser Valley near the coast. {Macoun.) 748. WOODWARDIA, Smith, Acta. Taur., V.,4II. (OHAIN-FERN.) (2989.) W. Virginica, Smith, M4m. Acad. Turin, v., 412. Swartz, Syn. Pil., IIY. Pursh, PI. Am. Sept., ii., eYO. Lawson, Can. Wat., i., 2'78. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. So(^. Can., ii., sect, iv., 189. W. Banisteriana, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 117. W. thelypierioides, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 670. Is rather rare in swamps east of Lake Huron. North-West Arm and Dartmouth, Halifax, N.S. {Ball.) Eoadside between Caledonia and Liverpool, Queen's Co., and between Liverpool and Jordan Eiver, Shelbourne Co., N.S. {Jack.) Near Gaspe Basin, Que. {Eden.) Near Heck's Mills, ten miles from Prescott, Augusta Township, Ont. {Billings.) Peat swamps of the Mer Bleu, near Ottawa, Ont. {Fletcher.) Along the Canada Atlantic Eailway, near Eastman's Springs, Eussell Co., very abundant five miles north of ColborDe Village, and common in marshes at west end of Gull Lake, Addington Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Near Millgrove, Wentworth Co., Ont. {Logie.) Mossy bog surround- ing a lake on Lake Island, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Swampy ground on the shore of Georgian Bay, twenty-five miles north of Penetanguishene, Ont. {Alexander.) 749. ASPLENIUM, Linn., Gen. PI., No. 1178. (SPLEENWORT) (2990.) A. viride, Hudson, Fl. Anglica, ed.i., 385. Swartz, Syn. Pil., 80. Hook., PI. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 215. Goode, Can. Nat., ix, 300. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 190. A. Trichomanes, Linn., Sp. PI, 1540. , CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. ' 265 Found in the crevices of shaded rocks, from New Brunswick to British Columbia, but rare. Tattagouche Falls, Gloucester Co., and Green Head, St. John Co., N.B. (Fowler.) Becoming common about St. John, IsT.B., in moist shady clefts of limestone rocks. (Hay.) Near Tadousac, and at the Falls of Eivi^re du Loup, Que. ( Watt.) Clefts of shaded rocks at the mouth of Temiscami Eiver, twenty-five miles from the east end of Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. {J. M. Macoun.) In a deep gorge on the road from Gasp^ Basin to Fox Eiver, and near Grand Etang, on sea cliffs at Mount Louis and at the Falls of Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, and base of Mount Albert, Que. ; between Owen Sound and Sydenham Falls, Ont., and also on both sides of the falls ; abundant on debris under limestone cliffs within the Bow Eiver Pass, and on a limestone mountain in Peace Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.') Amongst broken rooks at Port Simpson, B.C. (Anderson.) Moist shady rocks, Eocky Mountains. (Brummond.) (2991.) A. Trichomanes, Linn., Sp. PL, 1540 (in part). Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 80. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 274. Provancher, Fl. Can., TIS. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 191. A. melanocavion, "Willd-, Enum., 1072 : Sp. PI., v., 332. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 666. Of pretty general distribution, in the crevices of moist shaded rocks, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Hartley Falls, Pirate Harbor, Strait of Canso, and on Gold Eiver near Chester, Lunenburg, N.S. (Ball.) The "Lookout," Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Lawson.) Near Three-Mile House, Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) Montreal, Que. (Maclagan, St. Cyr.) Chatham Township, Argenteuil Co., Que. (McCord.) Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Clefts of rocks, Jones' Falls, Leeds Co., and Kingston Mills, Frontenac Co., Ont. (P. &. Scott.) On Guelph dolomites. Little Saugeen Eiver, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. (IT. M. Ami.) Lake Medad, Halton Co., Ont. (Logie.) Eocks, just below the falls and near the "Whirlpool, Niagara Falls, Ont. (Burgess.) East coast of Hudson Bay. (R.Bell.) Jupiter Eiver, Island of Anticosti ; on Mount Louis, and up the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Que. ; Shannonville, near Belleville, Ont. ; Eed Eock, Lake Superior, and westward to the Lake of the Woods ; Clearwater Eiver, near Methy Portage, Lat. 51°, N. W. Tor. ; along Peace Eiver, within the Eocky Mountains, and in Bow Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains ; crevices of rocks at Sicamous and Agassiz, B.C. ; at Departure Bay, and on Mount Benson, Nanaimo, Vancouver 18 266 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Island. (^Macoun.) Great Shuswap Lake and Cascade Mountains, near Yale, B.C. (JDaiosm.') Harrison Lake, Kootanie District, and on Mount Isonhailim, near the mouth of the Cowichan Eiver, Vancouver Island, B.C. {Anderson..') Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Richardson.) (2992.) A. ebeneum, Ait., Hort. Kew., ed. i., iii., 462. , Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 79. Provancher. Fl. Can., •716. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 276. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 192. A. trichomanoides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265- A platyneuron, Oakes in Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 237. Very rare, and chiefly confined to the Province of Ontario. Vandreuil, Que., near the border of Ontario. (St. Gyr.) Eocky woods, Brookville, Ont. (Billings.) In a thin layer of mould covering the rocks at Jones' Falls, Leeds Co., Ont. (P. G. Scott.) Crevices of Laurentian rocks a little -to the north of Shannonville Station on the Grand Trunk Eail- way, nine miles east of Belleville, and Gibson Mountain, a mass of metamorphic rock, Prince Edwai-d Co., four miles soulh of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Abino, Lake Brie, Ont. (I>ay.) (2993.) A. angustifolium, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 76. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 666. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 275. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 192. Is limited in its distribution to Quebec and Ontario, where it is found in low, rich woods. Nun's Island, Montreal, Que. (Parsons.) Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (St. Gyr.) Open woods, " The Mountain," Montreal, Que. (McCord.) Abundant in McKay's Woods, Ottawa; frequent in rich woods, Prince Edward Co., and in rich soil in low woods along Cold Creek, Brighton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low woods up the Don Valley, Toronto; cedar swamps and low rich woods, London, and low woods, Lucknow, Bruce Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Eich woods, Amherstburg, Ont. (Maclagan.) (2994.) A. thelypteroides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 82. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 667. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 226. Provancher, Fl. Can., 716. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 276. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 193. A. acrostichoides, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 54. Athyrium thelypteroides, Besv., Prodr., 266. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 238. Eather scarce in the Maritime Provinces, but common in most sec- tions of Ontario and Western Quebec. Occui-s in rich woods, and is CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 26t not known to range west of Lake Superior. "N^indsOr, N.S; (JRaw^ Halifax, N.S. {Lindsay.) Mount Dalhousie, N.S. {McKay.) Strait of Canso ; Boylston, Guysborough Co. ; and Eawdon, Hants Co. ; N.S. {Ball.) Eavine at Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. {Macorni & Burgess.) "Wentworth Station, Cumberland Co., and North Moun- tains, King's Co., N.S. ; near Grand Falls and at Woodstock, K.B. {Jack.) Bass Eiver, N.B. {Fowler.) Fredericton, N.B. ( Vroom.) Salmon Eiver, Yietoria Co., N.B. {Hay.) Quebec, Que. {Sheppard.) Isle of Orleans and Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. {St. Cyr.) Montreal, Lennoxville, and in Argenteuil Co., Que. {McGord.) Eichmond and Drummond Co's, Que. (Bothwell.) Tery common in South-western Ontario. {Macoun, Logic, Burgess, &c.) Along the Canadian Pacific Eailway, north of Lakes Huron and Superior, Ont. {Fletcher.) Current Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. {Macoun.) (2995.) A. Filix-foemina, Bernh., Schrad. K Jom-n. Bot., ii., 26 and 48. Provancher, Fl. Can., 116. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 194. Athyrium MHx-fcemina, Eoth, Tent. Fl. Germ., ii., 65. Hook., Fl. Bor.- Am., ii., 262. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 277 ; Fern Fl. Can., 238. "Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nephrodium FiUx-famina, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 268. Nephrodium asplenoides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Aspidium, asplenoides, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 60. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 664. A very variable species which grows in tufts in moist fields and woods. It is comiiion in most parts of British America from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Quite common throughout Nova Scotia. (Ball.) A very common and variable fern in New Brunswick. {Fowler.) Abundant in Prince Edward Island. {Bain.) Very common in Quebec and Ontario. {Lawson, McCord, Macoun, Burgess, St. Cyr, &c.) Com- mon in wooded parts of Manitoba and the North-West Territory, in the Eocky Mountains, and in British Columbia. {Macoun.) Through- out Canada to the Saskatchewan and alpine woods of the Eocky Mountains. {Drummond.) Var. Michauxii, Mett., Asplenium, 199. Agpidium angustum, Willd., Sp. PL, V., 277. Athyrium Mix-fcsmina, Eoth., var. B., Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Asplenium FiMx-fcemina, var. angustum, D. C. Eaton, Ferns of N. Am., ii., 277. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 195. This is perhaps the most distinct of the many forms of this fern which have been described. It is less common than the type, but not 268 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. extremely rare, especially in Ontario. Salt Mountain, Whycocogmah, N.S. (Macoun, Burgess.) ParmerBville and Delta, Ont. (Lawson.) Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) London, Ont. (Burgess.) 750. SCOLOPENDRIUM, Smith, Acta. Taur., v. 4IO. (HART'S-TONGUE.) (2996.) S. VUlgare, Smith, M^m. Acad. Turin, v., 421. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 246. Lawson, Can. Nat., i.,^2'78. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 195. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 12. jS. offieinarum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 61 ; Syn. Fil., 89. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 667. One of the rarest of American ferns, and is found growing in tufts in wet shade on limestone rocks. Only three stations are known in Canada. Woodstock, N.B. (Sutton, Jack.) Abundant on limestone debris under the cliffs at Sydenham Falls and other localities around Owen Sound, Ont. (Mrs. Boy.) On Guelph dolomites. Little Sau- Eiver, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. (H. M. Ami.) It is a very variable species and three of the forms, which have been known, respectively, as vars. marginatum, ramosum, and multifidum, were collected near Woodstock, N.B., by Mr. Jack. 751. CAMPTOSORUS, Link, Sp. Fil. Beroi., 83. (WALKING-LEAF.) (299T.) C. rhizophyllus, Link, Hort. Berol., ii., 69. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 2*79. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 196. Asplenium rhizophyllum, Linn., Sp. PL, 1536. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 74. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Provancher, Fl. Can., 715. Occurs on shaded, mossy, limestone rocks. Montreal Mountain, Que. (Provancher.) L'Abord ^Plouffe, rear of the Island of Montreal, Que. (McCord.) Isolated rocks in a shaded pasture, Hemmingford, Que. (Goods.) Limestone rocks west of Hull, and in a ravine near King's Mere, Chelsea, Que. (Fletcher.) Eocky woods, near Oxford Station, on the Ottawa and Prescott Ey., Ont. (Billings.) Crevices of limestone CATAliOQDE OP" CANADIAN PLANm 269 rocks at the railway bridge, Shannonville, and on boulders beyond the " Big Spring " on the Marmora Eoad, Hastings Co., Ont. ; abundant on broken masses of rock at Foster's Plats, Niagara Falls, Ont. ; plentiful at Owen Sound, Ont., on boulders and ledges under the cliffs. {Macoun.) Hamilton and Ancaster, Wentworth Co., and Lake Medad, Halton Co., Ont. {JOogie.) On shaded, mossy masses of limestone fallen from the cliffs in " The Eavino," Dundas, and at Beamsville, Ont. (^Burgess.) Canada {Goldie), to the Saskatchewan (JDrummond) , in Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am. 752. PHECOPTERIS, Fee, Gen. Fil., 242. (BEECH-FERN.) (2998.) P. polypodioides, F^e, Gen. Fil., 243. Macoun & Bui-gees, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., lOT. Polypodium Pkegopteris, Linn., Sp. PL, 155p. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 40. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 258. Provancher, Fl. Can., 713. Lawaon, Can. Nat., i., 269. Polypodium connectUe, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 271. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 659. Phegopteris connectUe, Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 247. Occurs in damp, especially rocky woods, and on hillsides, and is commonest in the Eastern Provinces. Common and generally dis- tributed throughout Nova Scotia. {Ball.) Common in New Bruns- wick. (Fowler.) Common in Quebec. (D' Urban, Brunei, McOord, St. Gyr, &c.) Very luxuriant on the Island of Anticosti and shore of the Lower St. Lawrence, Que. ; woods, at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; abundant around Lake Superior, Ont. ; rather scarce along Lake Manitoba and the Porcupine Mountains, Man. ; near the line of the Canadian Pacific Ey. in the valley of Beaver Ci-eek, Selkirk Mountains, and in the Gold Eange at Griflln Lake, B.C., both on stumps and on rocks along mountain torrents. (Macoun.) Prescott, Gren- ville Co., and Osgoode Station, Eussell Co., Ont. (Billings.) Ottawa, and along the C. P. Ey. north of Lakes Huron and Superior, Ont. (Fletcher.) Near the sources of the Columbia on Portage Eiver, Eocky Mountains, Lat. 52°. (Drummond.) Shaded, rocky places. Port Simpson, B.C. (Anderson.) (2999.) P. hexagonoptera, F^e, Gen. Fil., 243. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 198. 270 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Polypodium hexagonoptermn, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 271. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 659. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 268. Hook. & Baker, . Syn. Fil., 309. Polypodium Phegopteris, var. majus, Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., il., 258. This species is found in rich, open woods, and, in south-western Ontario, seems to take the place of P. polypodioides, from which species it is sometimes difficult to separate it. Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) Nun's Island, . Montreal, Que. (Parsons.) Eare in Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Eocky woods, near Oampbellford, Northumberland Co., and in thickets at Port Stanley, Elgin Co., Ont. (^Macoun.) Eich woods near the "Waterworks Eeservoir, Toronto, and at London, St. Thomas, and Windsor, Ont. (Burgess.) Chippewa, Ont. (Maclagan.) Parry Sound, Ont. (Logie.) (3000.) P. Dryopteris, F^e, Gen. Pil., 243. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 198. Polypodium Dryopteris, Linn., Sp. PI., 1555. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 41. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 269. Provancher, Fl. Can., 713. Polypodium cakareum, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 659 (not of Smith and Willdenow.) Nephrodium, Dryopteris, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 270. Common in rocky woodlands from Nova Scotia to British Columbia, and extending northward to the Arctic Circle. To be met with in most localities in Nova Scotia. (Ball) Common in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Common on Prince Edward Island, and along Lakes Mani- toba and Winnipegoosis, and in the Eiding, Duck, and Porcupine mountains, Man., also in the Eocky Mountains, British Columbia and Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Abundant in Quebec. (Maclagan, B' Urban, Provancher, St. Oyr, &c.) Common in rocky parts of On- tario. (Billings, Macoun, Burgess, &c.) Along the C. P. Ey. north of Lakes Huron and Superior. (FletcUer.) At intervals from Lake Winnipeg to within fifty miles of Hudson Bay, and on Clearwater ELver, N. W. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Echimamish Eiver to Oxford House, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Eocky Mountains and Great Bear Lake, Lat. 66°. (Hook., in Fl. Bor.-Am.) British Columbia! (Dawson.) Victoria and Port Simpson, B.C. (Anderson.) Var. Robertianum, Dav., Suppl. Cat. Dav. Herb., 47. P. calcarea, Fie, Gen. Fil., 243. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Hoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 199. Polypodium Robertianum, Hoff. ; Moore, Nat. Pr. Brit. Ferns, t. vi. Law- son, Can. Nat., i., 270. Polypodium Dryopteris, var. ecUcareum, Gr., Man., Ed. 2., 590. CAjAtOGHjB OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 271 Is distinguiBhed from the type by its glandular stalks and fronds. Abundant on ledges of limestone about two miles up tbe left bank of the Becscie Eiver, Island of Anticosti, Que. (Macoun.) Not rare in low woods at the base of limestone cliffs, and in crevices of the cliffs them- selves, at the mouth of the Temiscami Eiver, Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods, Man. (Dawson.) About one hundred miles north-east of Lake of the Woods, near Lonely Lake (Lac Seul), Ont. (iJ. Bell.) (3001.) P. alpestris, Mett.,Kl. Hort. Lips., 83. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 200. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 13. Polypodium alpestre, Hoppe; Spreng. Syst. Veg., iv., par. ii., 320. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 311. Aspidium alpestre, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 421. Athyrium alpestre, Nylander ; Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 288. It has a strong general resemblance to Asplenium Filix-frnmina, from which, however, it is distinguishable by the absence of indusia. Cas- cade Mountains, B.C., about Lat. 49° (Lyall.) In wet places, at an altitude of 7000 feet, on the slopes below the glacier along Bear Creek at the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, near the line of the C. P. Ey., and also abundant under the cliffs, at a height of 6000 feet, near the summit of the Gold Eange north of Griffin Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) 753. ASPIDIUM, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., i. and ii., St. 4 and 29. (SHIELD-FERN.) (3002.) A. Noveboracense, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 55. Pursh,Pl. Am. Sept., ii., 661. Macoun & Bargess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 200. Dryopleris Noveboraeensis, Gr., Man., ed. i., 630. Lastrea Noveboraeensis, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 75. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 284 ; Fern Fl. Can., 244. Nephrodium thelypterioides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., il., 267. Aspidium ihelypteris, Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260, not of Swartz. Aspidium thdypteris, var. noveboracense, Willd.; Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Polystichum Noveboracense, Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Found in grassy swamps, moist woods and thickets, and is most common in the Maritime Provinces, finding its western limit in Ontario. Common in swamps and moist places in Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Very 272 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. common in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Not rare in Prince Edward Island. (Bain, Macoun.) Quebec and Montreal, Que. (Sh^pard.) L^vis, Que. (St. Cyr.) Eichmond and Drummond Go's, Que. (Both- well.') Mount Beloeil, Que. (^Maclagan.) Ottawa, Ont. {Fletcher.) Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kingston and Lakefield, Ont. (Mrs. Traill.) Abundant in pine woods, Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low woods and thickets, Toronto, London, Blenheim, Windsor, and Poj-t Cockburn, Ont. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, Ont. (Mrs. Boy.) Gore Bay, Manitoulin Island, Ont. (/. Bell.) (3003.) A. ThelypteriS, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 40; Syn. Fil., 50. Pursh, PI. Am. Sept., ii., 661. Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 201. Polyatkhum Thelypteris, Both, Fl. Germ., ill., 77. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363- Nephrodium Thelypteris, Desv., M6m. Soc. Linn., vi., 257. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 271. Lastrea Thelypteris, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 76. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 288 ; Fern Fl. Can., 244. Common in cedar, tamarack and other swamps, from Nova Scotia westward to Lake Winnipeg. Quite abundant in swamps throughout Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Bather common in wet marshy places in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Frequent in Prince Edward Island. (Bain, Macoun.) Common in Quebec. (McCord, Provancher, Maclagan, Parsons, St. Cyr, &c.) Abundant in Eastern and Central Ontario. (Macoun, Fletcher, Billings, Logie, Burgess, &c.) Muskoka and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Near Eed Eiver Settlement, Man. (McTavish.) • (3004.) A. OreopteriS, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 35; Syn. Fil., 50. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 14. A. montanum, Milde, Fil. Eur. et Atlant, 115. Lastrea Oreopteris, Presl., Tent. Pterid., 76. Lastrea montana, Moore ; Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 243. Occurs In patches on wet ground on mountain slopes and in rocky ravines,, and is limited in Canada, so far as known, to British Columbia. At an altitude of 6,500 feet on Avalanche Mountains, at the summit of the Canadian Pacific Eailway pass through the Selkirk Eange. (Macoun.) Port Simpson, opposite the southern extremity of Alaska. (Anderson.) (3005.) A. cristatum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 37 ; Syn. Fil., 52. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 661. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. OATAtOGtJE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 273 Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 202. PolysHchum cristatum, Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ., iii., 84. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nephrodium cristatum, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 269. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 273. Lastrea crislata, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 77. Lawson, Can. Nat?, i., 282 ; Fern FL Can., 241. Usually found in low woods, ranging from the Atlantic to the Eocky Mountains, and northward as iar as GIreat Slave Lake. Common in Nova Scotia. {Ball, McKay.) Scarce in New Brunswicl<, the only recorded stations being: Bass River, Green Head. (Fowler, -Hat/), and Andover and "Upper Gaspeieaux. (Wetmore.) Abundant in beech woods. Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Not uncommon in Que- bec. (D' Urban, Provancher, McCord, St. Cyr, &o.) Local but common in Ontario. (^Macoun, Maclagan, Billings, Burgess, Fletcher, &c.) Porcu- pine Mountains, Man. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan, N.W.T. (Richardson.) Lake Winnipeg and Slave Eiver, N.W.T. (Eaton.) Var. Clintonianum, D. C. Eaton, Gr. Man., ed. v., 665. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 203. Distinguished chiefly by its greater size and more numerous pinnse and segments. Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (8t. Cyr.) Chatham Town- ship, Argenteuil Co., Que. (McCord.) Border of woods, Alva Farm, Knowlton, Que., and Dow's Swamp, Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Black ash swamps, Belleville ; also Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nepigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, Ont. (Mrs. Boy.) (3006.) A. Coldieanum, Hook., Edinb. Phil. Jour n., vi., 333; Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260. Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 203. Nephrodium Ooldieanum, Hook. & Grev., Ic. Fil., t. cii. Hook & Baker, Syn. Fil., 272. Lastrea Ooldieana, Presl, Tent. Pterid-, 76. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 282 ; Fern Fl. Can., 240. Aspidiwm Filix-mas, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 662. Found in low rich woods and rocky ravines, but is nowhere common in our territory. Near Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (St. Cyr.) Eichmond and Drummond Go's, Que. (Bothwell.) " The Mountain," Montreal, Que. (McCord.) Abundant among gneiss 274 GEOtOGtOAL SUftVEy of CANADA. rocks near Hamilton's Farm, Eiver Eouge, Que. (D' Urban.) Nun's Island, Montreal, Que. (Parsons.) Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Par- mersville, and banks of river westward of Broekville, Ont., in crevices of Laurentian rocks. (Lawson.) Woods, Belleville, Oastleton, and Brighton, Ont. (Macoun.) Woodstock, Ont. (Millman.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Amherstburgh, Ont. (Maclagan.) (3007.) A. Filix-mas, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 38; Syn. Fil, 55. Goode, Can. Nat , ix., 297. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 204. Polyslichum Filix-mas, Both, ¥1. Germ., ill., 82. Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Nephrodium Filix-mas, Elchard, Desv., M6m. Soc. Linn, vi., 60. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 272 (exclusive of vara, y and (J.) Lasirea FUix-mas, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 76. Lawson, Can. Nat. i., 282 ; Fern Fl. Can., 241. Occurs in rocky woods and on open, rocky hillsides. Whycocogmah, Cape Breton, N.S. (Lindsay.) Aspey Bay, Lake Ainslie, and Cape Mabou Mountain, Cape Breton, N.S. (McKay.) Keswick Eidge, KB. (Moser.) Daley's Wood, Eich mond, N.B. (Hay.) Abun- dant and very luxuriant along the Gasp4 coast, at Fox Eiver, Que. ; plentiful on the line of the C. P. Ey. on the lower slopes of Mount Mac- donald, near Bear Creek, summit of the Selkirk Eange, B.C. (Macoun.) Among loose rocks under the limestone cliffs at the rear of Eoyston Park, Owen dound, Ont., and about ten miles up the Georgian Bay, under the same range of cliffs. (Mrs. Roy.) British Columbia. (Lyall.) (3008.) A. rigidum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 37; Syn. Fil., 53. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 205. Nephrodium rigidum, Desv., Ann. Linn., vi., 261. Lastrea rigida, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 77. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 243. Found growing in tufts among rocks on mountain sides. Mount Finlayson, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Cowley, Anderson.) The southern Pacific coast form, var. argutum, presents, according to Prof. Eaton, no points of specific difference from ours, which is typical rigidum, except that its fronds are larger and broader. (3009.) A. marginale, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 50; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 662 ; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260 ; Provancher, Fl. Can. 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 205. Nephrodium marginale, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 267. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 273. Lastrea maryinalis, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 77. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 281 ; Fern Fl. Can., 242. Polyslichum marginale, Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. CATALoatE OF oanaduu plants. 276 This species especially favours rocky, wooded ravines and hillsides, occurring abundantly from the Maritime Provinces to the Lake of the "Woods, thence, but very sparingly, to the Eocky Mountains. Gene- rally distributed throughout Nova Scotia. {Ball.) Eather common in New Brunswick. {Fowler.') Not rare in Pi-ince Edward Island. (Bain.) Common in Quebec. (Provancher, McCord, Sheppard, St. Cyr, &c.) Very common in Ontario. {Lawson, Macoun, Billings, Burgess, &c,) Abundant in the Muskoka and Parry Sound districts of Ontario, and along the _ Dawson Eoad, Man. {Burgess.) Split Eock Portage, on the Nepigon Eiver, Ont., and in Peace Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains, Lat. 56° {Macoun.) The Saskatchewan. {Drummond.) (3010.) A. spinulosum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 38; Syn. Fil., 54. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Provancher, PL Can., 719. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 206. Nephrodium spinulosum, Desv., Ann. Linn., vi., 261. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 275. Lastrea spinulosa, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 76. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 242. A partially evergreen fern finding its favorite home in thick, especially damp, woods. It is frequent in the wooded districts of all our provinces and ranges northward to Alaska. Var. intermedium, I>. C. Baton, Gray, Manual, Ed. v., 665. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 20'7. Aspidium intermedium, Willd. J, Sp. PI., v., 262. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 663. Lastrea intermedia, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 77. Aspidium Americanum, Davenport, Am. Nat, xii., 714; Catal., 29. This form, which prefers drier woods, has the same range as the type, but is most abundant in Eastern and Central Ontario. Var. dilatatum, Hook., Brit. Fl. ed. I., 444. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 207. Aspidium dilatatum, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 420. Lastrea dilatata, Presl., Tent. Pterid., 77. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 281. Lastrea spinulosa, Presl, var. dilatata, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 240. Like the type, it extends from the Atlantic, through the Eocky Mountains, to the Pacific, prevailing most extensively in the Eastern Provinces and British Columbia, where, in places, it forms almost the whole undergrowth. Not very common in Ontario except about Lake Superior. 276 GEOLOGtCAL StTRVETf OP CANADA. (3011.) A. Boottii, Tuckerman, Hovey's Mag. of Hort. and Bot., ix,, 145. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 208. A. spinvlomm, var. Boottii, Gray, Man., Ed. ii., 598. A. cristatum, var. vliginosum, Milde, Fil. Eur. et Atlant, 131. Lastrea Boottii, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 241. Our recorded stations for this fern, which is found in swamps and wet places in woods and thickets, are very few, but careful search would probably prove it to be less rare. Bellahill, thirteen miles from Halifax, and near Sackville Church, two and a half miles further up « the old "Windsor Eoad, N.S. (Jack.) Low forest glade, Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Swamp near the G-rand Trunk Eailway Station at Belleville, Ont., growing in the immediate vicinity of ^. cristatum, var. Clintonianum and A. spinulosuriv. (Macoun.) Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) With A. cristatum, in a cedar swamp, London, Ont. (Burgess.) (3012.) A. fragrans, Swartz, Syn. Fil, 51. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii, 261. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 208. Poly stichum fragrans, Ledeb., Fl. Eoss., iv., 514. Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Nephrodium fragrans, Rich., App. Frankl. Journ., 753. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, 275. Lastrea fragrans, Presl, Tent Pterid., 76. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 283 ; Fern Fl Can., 243. Found in the crevices of shaded cliffs, and on mossy rocks, especially near cascades, fi-om Nova Scotia to the Eocky Mountains and north- ward to the Arctic Circle. Hartley "Water-fall, Pirate Harbour, Strait of Canso, N.S. (Ball.) Clefts of rocks at the Eailway Tunnel, Eesti- gouche, N.B. (Fowler.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Fletcher.) Saguenay Eiver, Que. (Watt.) Hemmingford, Que. (Goode.) Perpendicular rocks at the Falls of Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, and along the Telegraph Eoad, Gasp^, Que. ; Pic Island, and along cliffs on the shore of Thunder Bay above that island, McKay's Mountain, Thunder Cape, and Eed Eock Station, C. P. Ey., north shore of Lake Superior, Ont. ; very abundant on trap rocks on the upper part of Nepigon Eiver and all around Lake Nepigon, being the common fern in that region ; Dawson Eoad, Ont. ; Peace Eiver Pass in the Eocky Mountains, above Hudson's Hope in the Canyon, Lat 56° 12'. (Macoun.) Crevices of rocks on Moon Eiver, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Bast coast of Hudson Bay, Cape Chudleigh and Cape Prince of Wales, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Eocks about Chipeywan, Athabasca District. (Traill.) Great Bear Lake, N. W. Ter. (Hooker.) The Saskatchewan to the Arctic Sea and Islands. (Richardson, Parry.) Francis Eiver, N.W.T. (Dawson.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN" PLANTS. 2*77 (3013.) A. Lonchitis, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 30; Syn. Fil. 43. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, 250. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 209. Bui-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 15. PolysHchum Lonchitis, Both, Tent. Fl. Germ., iii., 71. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 285 ; Fern Fl. Can., 239. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Grows in tufts in shaded, rocky places, usually on the debris of calcareous rocks, and, except in the Eoeky Mountains, is a rare and local species, as far as known. In considerable abundance near Aspey Bay, Cape Breton, N.S. (McKay.) Pound sparingly at Foster's Flats, below the "Whirlpool, Niagara Falls, Ont. ; common on rocky ground, especially under cliffs, throughout the Bruce Peninsula, and around Owen Sound, Ont. ; on the mountain slopes of Bow River Pass, and in Peace Eiver Pass, Lat. 56°, Eocky Mountains, N'. W. Ter. ; on the upper slopes of Cathedral Mountain at Kicking Horse Lake, on the snowslides near the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, in the Cascade Mountains above Yale, and on the Gold Eange north of Griffin Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, Lat. 49°, at 6,500 feet elevation. (Dawson.) Eocky Mountains, Lat. 52° — 56°. (Drum- mond.) On rocks along the Arctic coast from the Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay. (Hook. Arct. PI.) (3014.) A. acrostichoides, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 44. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 661. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 250. Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 210. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 16. Nephrodium acrostichoides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 267. Polystichum acroglichoides, Schott, Gen. Fil. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 285 ; Fern Fl. Can., 239. Watt, Can. Nat., Iv., 363. Polystichum munitum, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 83. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 239. An evergreen, tufted species, found in woods and on wooded hillsides, especially in rocky soil. It occurs from Nova Scotia to the Bruce Peninsula of Ontario, which seems to be about its western limit in Canada. Quite common in Nova Scotia, (Ball.) Common near St. John; rare near Molus Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler.) Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Upper Tobique and Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Say.) Common at Salmon Eiver, N.B. ( Wetmore.) Not rare in Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Common in Quebec. (Provancher, B' Urban, Maclagan, Bothwell, Sheppard, St. Cyr, &c.) Very abundant in Eastern, Central, and South-western Ontario. (Macoun, Lawson, Logic, Fletcher, Burgess, 278 GEOLOGltjAL SUEVBT OP CANADA. &c.) The form known as var. incisum has been reported from Monti-eal, Que. {McGord.) Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.') London and Hamilton, Ont. (Burgess.) (3015.) A. munitum, Katif., Enum. Pil., 236. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 26). Macoun & Burgess, Ti-ans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., ■211. An evergreen species, growing in woods and among rocks, confined with us to British Columbia. North-West America. {Menzies.') Jfootka, Vancouver Island. (Mertens.) Very abundant around Victoria, and common in rocky woods up the Fraser Eiver to far above Tale, also on mountain slopes at GriflS.n Lake, Eagle Eiver. (Macoun.) Damp thickets, New Westminster. (Fletcher.) The forms which have been described as var. inciso-serratum and var. imbricans have been found about Victoria, the former by Prof. Macoun. the latter by Mr. Fletcher. (3016.) A. aculeatum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ.,ii., 3Y; Syn. Fil., 53. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Pil., 252. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 211. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 16. A. lobatum, Smith, Fl. Brit., 1153. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 63. A. aculeatum, var. lobatum, Kunze, Bot. Zeit. (1848), 356. Eaton, Ferns of N. Am., ii., 124. Our only known station for typical A. aculeatum is Port Simpson, Northern B. C, where it was collected, in moist rocky places, by Mr. Anderson, in l885. Further research in that district will probably prove it to be less rare. f Var. Braunii, Doell (Koch), Ehein. Fl., 2*7. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect., iv., 212. Agpidium Braunii, Spenner, Fl. Frib., i., 9. A. aculeatum, Pursb, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 662. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Provancher, Fl. Can., 719. Polystichum angvlare, Presl, var. Braunii, Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 285. Polyntichum aculeatum, Moore, var. Braunii, Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Polystichum Braunii, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 239. Pound in the crevices of moist, shaded rocks, and in rocky woods, its i-ange being restricted to the Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and British Columbia. Eare and local in Nova Scotia ; occurr- ing at Marble Mountain, Bras d'Or Lake ; Sherman's Mountain, Port Mulgrave, Strait'of Canso; Bhler's Waterfall, near Gruysborough ; and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 279 hills above Mabou, Cape Breton. (Ball.) Lake Ainslie, Cape Breton. (McKay.) Near Baddeck, and at Eiver Inhabitans, Cape Breton. (Jack.) Pirate Harbour, Strait of Canso, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) CapeBlomidon, N.S. (Lawson.) Spgar Loaf, Eestigonehe ; and Odell's Grove, Fi-edericton, N.B. (Fowler.) St. Francis Eiver, Andover, KB. (Hay.) Plentiful in rocky woods along the Gasp^ Coast, Que., gener- ally near the shore and often within the spray of the >vaves. (Macoun.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) Temiscouata, Que. (Tkorr\,as.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Cyr.) Abundant on gneiss rocks and damp logs, valley 'of the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Que. (B' Urban.) Portage and sources of the Columbia Eiver, west side of the Eocky Mountains, Lat. 52°. (Drummond.) Nootka, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Scenke.) Var. scopulinum, D. C. Eaton, Perns of N.A., ii., 125. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 212. A form with narrow fronds, much resembling those of A. mohrioides, found growing in the crevices of rocks. In Canada only known to exist on Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspd, Que., where it was found, at an altitude of about 4000 feet, by Professor Allen, in July 1881, and by Professor Macoun, in August 1882. Having been found in Washington Territory, U.S., it is to be looked for in Southern British Columbia. 754. CYSTOPTERIS, Bernh., Schrad. Neu. Journ. Bot., i., part ii., 526. (BLADDER-FERN.) (301T.) C. fragilis, Bernh., I.e., part i., 21. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260. Lawson, Can. ISTat., i., 286. Provancher, PI. Can., 719. Goode, Can. Nat., ix., 298. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 213. Oystea fragilis, Smith, Engl. Fl., iv., 285. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nephrodium tenue, Mlchx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 269. Aspidium temue, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 58. Pursh, Fl. Am., Sept.,ii., 665. A common and very variable species, found in crevices of moist shaded rocks, in rich woods, and sometimes in open wet places. It is one of the most universally distributed of our ferns, appearing in almost every part of the Dominion, growing even on the open prairie in moist places near rocks. It is so variable that the same roots will at different times, or even the same time, produce fronds that might be referred to different ones of the many, so-called, varieties. 280 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (3018.) C. bulbifera, Bernh., I.e., part i., 27. Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260 Provancher, Fl. Can., 719. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 287. Goode, Can. Nat., ix., 299. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 214. Polypodium bidbiferum, Linn., Sp. PI., 1553. Aspidium bulbiferum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot., ii, 41 ; Syn. Fil., 59. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 663. Cfystea hidUfera, Smitli, Engl. Fl., iv. 286. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nephrbdium bulbiferum, Miclix., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 268. , Aspidium atomarium, Muhl., MS. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii., 665. . A slender, tufted species, occurring in wet places among rocks, or in low rich woods. It is found in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, though not common, and extends westward to the Lake of the "Woods. Hartley's "Waterfall, Pirate Harbour, Strait of Canso, N.S. (Ball.) Aspey Bay, Cape Breton. (McKay.) Newport, Hants Co., N.S.; and G-rand Falls, N.B. (Jack.) Very abundant about the Lower St. John, Coldbrook, N.B. (Hay.) Restigouche and St. John, N.B. (Fowler.) On damp limestone rocks up Jupiter Eiver, Island of Anticosti, Que. (Macoun.) Common in Quebec. (Provancher, D' Urban, Bell, Maclagan, McCord, St. Gyr, &c.) Very abundant throughout Ontario, as far west as the Bruce Peninsula. (Lawson, Billings, Macoun, Logie, Burgess, &e.) Manitoulin Islands, Ont. (J. Bell.) Lake of the "Woods. (Dawson.) North-west Angle, Lake of the "Woods. (Burgess.) (3019.) C. montana, Bernh., I.e., part ii., 26. Hook., Fl. Boi-.-Am., ii., 260. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 215. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can. iv., sect, iv., 17. Aspidium monianum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot., ii., 42 ; Syn. Fil., 61. Cystea montana, Lam. Watt, Can. Nat. iv., 363. One of our rarest ferns, finding its home in low, dense woods, gene- rally along creeks. Labrador. (Butler.) In a deep ravine beside a brook, on the northern face of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Que. ; in a cedar swamp, near the silver mine north of Current Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. ; abundant in Kicking-Horse Pass Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Plentiful along a spring creek, running through spruce woods, about ten miles from the H. B. Co.'s post on Lake Mistissini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) By streams, in shady alpine woods, in the Eocky Mountains, Lat 52°-56°. (Drummond.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 281 755. ONOCLEA, Linn., Cen. PI., No. II70. (ONOCLEA.) (3020.) O. sensibllis, Linn., Sp. PL, ISlt. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 272. Swartz. Syn. Fil, 110. Parsh, Fl. Am., Sept., ii., 665. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Provancher, Fl. Can., 717. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 274. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 215. A very common fern throughout Canada, in wet, generally shaded, places, as far west as the head of Lake Winnipegoosis and the Sas- katchewan. The plant described as var. obtusilobata by Doctor Torrey in the Flora of New York, vol. ii., p. 499 (Onoclea obtusilobata, Schk., Krypt. Gew., 95. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 665) is only a form in which some, or all, of the sterile fi'onds are contracted and partially fruitful. . It is recorded from but few localities but is probably of much more frequent occurrence. Eichibucto, N.B. {Fowler.) Havelock, King's Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Wet meadow, one mile north of Murray Town-Hall, JSTorthumberland Co., Out. {Macoun.) Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Saugeen, Ont. (P. J. Scott.) (3021.) O. StruthiopteriS, Hoff., Fl. Deutschld.' 11. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 111. Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 216. 0. nodvlosa, Schk., Krypt. Gew., 97. (Perhaps also of Michx., Fl. Bor.- Am., ii.. 272.) StruthiopteriS Germanica, Willd., Enum., 1071. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Gray, Man., ed. v., 667. Provancher, Fl. Can., 717. StruthiopteriS Pennsylvanica, Willd., Sp. PI., v., 289. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii. 666. StruthiopteriS Oermanica, var. Pennsylvanica, Lawson, Can. Nat.i., 273 ; Fern Fl. Can., 231. A tall, showy species, found in low, open or wooded, especially allu- vial, ground. Its range is from Nova Scotia to near the Pacific Coast in the valley of the Fraser Eiver in British Columbia, but it is most common east of Lake Huron. Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Rich- ardson.). About forty miles north of Michipicotin on the Magpie Eiver, and about five miles up the Kaministiquia Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. ; along the Assiniboine Eiver, from Winnipeg to the Souris Eiver, Man. ; common along the C. P. Ey., east of Agassiz Station, and along Eagle Eiver in the Gold Eange, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) North-west Angle, Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) 19 282 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 756. WOODSIA, R. Br., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., xi., I70. (WOODSIA.) (3022.) W. glabella, E. Br., App. Prankl. Journ. '754. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., li., 259. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 289. Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Goode, Can. Nat, ix., 298. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 21'? Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., lY. W. alpina, var. glabella, Eaton, Can. Nat., ii., 89. A very delicate little species found in tufts on moist, shaded rocks. It has a wide range, extending from New Brunswick westward to the Eocky Mountains, and northward to the Arctic Circle, but is rare and local. Eestigouche Eiver, N.B. (J. Brittaw.) Grand Palls, N.B. (Jack.) Limestone rocks, twelve miles up Jupiter Eiver, and under cliffs at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, Que. ; frequent in crevices of rocks along the Gasp^ coast, Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, and Eivi^re du] Loup, Que. ; ledges of rock, Kakabeka Palls, Kaministiquia Eiver, Eed Eock, near the C. P. Ey. station, and on trap rocks up the Nepigon Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. ; limestone rocks. Pine Portage, Clearwater Eiver, below Methy Portage, JT. W. Ter., Lat b1°, and Bow Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Saguenay Eiver and Montmorenci Falls, Que. (Watt.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Cyr.) Great Bear Lake (the original station) N. W. Ter. (Richardson.) On rocks along the Arctic coast, from Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay. (Soak., Arct. Fl.) (3023.) W. hyperborea, E. Br., Trans. Linn. Soc. xi., 173. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 46. Provancher, Fl. Can., 120. "Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 218. W. alpina, S. F. Gray, Nat. Arang. Brit. PI., ii., 17. Lawson, Trans. Bot Soc. Ed., viii., 108, and Can. Nat., i., 289. This plant is closely allied to W. glabella, and, like it, is found on moist, mossy rocks. It occurs very locally from New Brunswick to the Saskatchewan, and northward to the Arctic Circle. " The Tunnel." Eestigouche, N.B. (Fowler.) Aroostook Falls, Victoria Co., N.B. {Hay, Wetmore.) Dartmouth Eiver, Gasp^, Que., twenty miles from its mouth. (J. Bell.) Perpendicular faces of cliffs near Cape Eosier, Gasp6 ; on rocks twenty miles up the Stk Anne des Monts Eiver, and at the falls of the same river at the base of Mount CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 283 Albert, Que. ; on mouDtain masses along the north shore of Lake Superior west of Nepigon Bay, on cliifs of Jack Fish Island, Lake Nepigon,and on ledges of rock between the Hudson Bay Co. 's post and Lake Superior at Michipicotin, Ont. (Macoun.) On a moist, mossy bank, within reach of the spray, near the falls on the Eivi^re du Loup, and on mossy rocks in a ravine at Temiscouata, Que. (Watt.) lie du Havre, Mingan, Que. (^St. Cyr.) Norway House, Lake Winnipeg. {Bichardson.') Eocks about Fort Chipweyan, Athabasca. {W. G-. Traill.) ISTottingham Island, Hudson Strait. {B. Bell.) On rocks along the Arctic coast, from the Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay. (^Hook., Arct. PI.) Greenland. (Bosenvinge.) (3024) W. Ilvensis, E. Br., Trans. Linn. Soc, xi., 2^3. Pur^, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 660. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. Provancher, Fl. Can., "720. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 288. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 46. "Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.,. sect, iv., 219. Nephrodiwm rufldidum, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 269. Agaidium rufidvlum, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 58. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 665. A small, dull-green, tufted species occurring on exposed rocks, from Nova Scotia to the Eocky Mountains, and northward beyond the Arctic Circle. Not common in Nova Scotia. {McKay.) Salt Mountain, "Whycocogmah, N.S. (Lindsay.) Gold Eiver, near Chester, Lunenburg Co., N.S. (Ball.) East side of Lake Thomas, Halifax Co., N.S., and Hay's Palls, near "Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Near Truro, N.S. (Gamp- bell.) The " Look Out," Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Sugar Loaf, Eestigouche, and mouth of "Upsalquitch, N.B. (Fowler.) Keswick, Nashwaaksis, St. Stephen, Green Head, and St. John, N.B. (Yroom.) Very abundant in many parts of Quebec and Ontario. (Pro- vancher, St. Gyr, P' Urban, Lawson, Macoun, B'letcher, Logic, Burgess, &c.) Very abundant and luxuriant west and northwest of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Bchimamish Eiver to Oxford House, and Nelson Eiver, near Hudson Bay. (B. Bell.) Common up Berens Eiver to the Height of Land. (J. M. Macoun.) Eocks about Chipeywan, Athabasca. (W. Gr. Traill.) Canada to Hudson Bay, Bear Lake, and the Eocky Moun- tains. (Bichardson, Prummond.) Eocks along the Arctic coast from Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay, also in Arctic Greenland and along the east and northeast coast. (Hook., Arct. PI.) (3025.) W. obtusa, Torrey, Cat. PI. in Geol. Eept. of N.Y. (1840.) Fl. of N. T., ii., p. 500. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 289. Hook. & 284 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Baker, Syn. Pil., 48. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. See. Can., ii., sect, iv., 220. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 180. Aspidium obiusum, Willd., Sp. PL, v., 254. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 662. Physematium obtusum, Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. This fern, which is found on rocks and stony hillsides, is one of our rarest species, only three stations heing recorded for it, and these strangely far apart. In the gorge through which Dr. Hamilton's Eoad winds up to the summit of North Mountain, near Canning, N.S. (Jack.') Amongst loose rocks at Port Simpson, Northern B.C. {Ander- son.) "West side of the Eockj' Mountains, near the sources of the Columbia. (Brummond.) (3026.) W. scopulina, D. C. Eaton, Can. Nat., ii., 91. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., ed. 2, 48. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 220. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect. iv, 18. Pound growing in dense masses on rocks and in their crevices, chiefly in shade, and confined with us, so far as known, to the Eocky Mountains, and British Columbia. Eocky Mountains ; and Elk Eiver, Kootanie Valley, B.C. (Dawson.") Among loose rocks on mountain sides at Lytton and Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher.) Along the Eraser and Thompson rivers, B.C., from Yale to Sicamous on Shuswap Lake, and on the mountains at these places ; abundant in Kicking Horse Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Specimens thickly glandular on the upper as well as the lower surface have been collected by Mr. Ander- son on Mount Finlayson, near Victoria, B.C. (3027.) W. Oregana, D. C. Eaton, Can. Nat., ii., 90. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., ed. 2, 48. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 221. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 18. A delicate little species occurring in dense patches in the crevices of rocks, often where exposed to the sun, and ranging from Lake Nepigon westward into British Columbia and northward to Lake Athabaska. Blackwater Eiver, Lake Nepigon, Ont. ; Fort Chipeywan, Athabasca ; and Peace Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains; along the Eraser and Thompson rivers, B.C., from Yale to Spence's Bridge; on Blackwater Eiver, along the Telegraph Trail, and at Fort St. James, Northern B.C. (Macoun.) Exposed rocks, Kamloops, B.C. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 285 757. piCKSONIA, L'Her., Sert. Ang., 30. (DICKSONIA.) (3028.) D. pilosiuscula, Willd., Eaum. PI. Hort. Berol., 1016. Pui-sh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 6Y1. Hook., Fl. BoivAm., ii., 264. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 222. Aspidium punctilobum, Willd., Sp. PI., v., 279. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 664. Dicksonia punctUobula, Kunze, Sill. Journ. (1848), 87. Gray, Man., 669. Provancher, Fl. Can., 720. Nephrodiwm punctilobvlum, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 268. Dennstsedtia punctUobula, Moore, Index Fil., p. xcvii., 307. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 287 ; Fern Fl. Can., 233. Found in stony pastures, open woods, and on rocky hillsides, from the Atlantic westward to Georgian Bay. Very common in Nova Scotia. {Ball.) Abundant in N'ew Brunswick. {Fowler.') Very abundant by roadsides at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; common in extreme eastern Quebec ; frequent along the i-oadside between Flinton and the Addington Eoad, Addington Co., and in low, rich woods a little east of Norwood, Peterboro Co., Ont. {Macoun.) L^vis and Sillery, Que. {St. Gyr.) Lennoxville and Waterloo, Que. (Sheppard.) Eichmond and Drummond Co's, Que. (Bothwell.) Montreal, Que. (Maclagan.) Plentiful in Harrington Township and on Hamilton's Farm, Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Que. (X>' Urban.) Abundant in Stewart's Bush, Ottawa, and at Casselman, Ont. (Fletcher.) Near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Near Kingston, Ont. {J. Bell.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay, Ont. {Logie.) 758. SCHIZ/EA, Smith, Act. Taur. v., 419. (SCHIZiCA.) (3029.) S. pusilla, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii.,65Y. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 428. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 291. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 222. This peculiar, sedge-like, little species is one of the rarest of ferns. Only one station is known in Canada, but it is recorded by De la Pylaie as occurring in a peat bog near St. Pierre, Newfoundland. Found among the rhizomes of Osmunda regalis on the shore of Grand Lake, twenty-three miles from Halifax, N.S., in August, 18*79, by Miss Elizabeth G. Knight (now Mrs. Britton), but not since detected. 286 GEOLOaiOAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 759. OSMUNDA, Linn., Cen. PI., No. 1172. (FLOWERING-FERN.) (3030.) O. regalis, Linn., Sp. PI., 1521. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 160. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 213. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Pil., 42Y. Provancher, Fl. Can., *721. "Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 223. O. speciabilis, Willd., Sp. PL, v., 98. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 658. Hook., FL Bor.-Am., ii., 265. O. regalis, var. specldbiUg, Milde, Fil. Eur. et Atlant., 178. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 290 ; Fern. Fl. Can., 247. A tall-growing species of very common occurrence in wet places in most parts of the eastern half of our territory, though rare toward its western limit, which is the Saskatchewan. Observed north of Lake Superior at Eound Lake, on the line of the Canadian Pacific Eailway, twelve miles east of the Pic Eiver, and at Current Eiver, Thunder Bay, Ont. {Macoun.) Abundant around Lake Mistassini, N. B. Ter. ; on Muskeg Island, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Through Canada westward to the Saskatchewan. (Eaton.) (3031.) O. Claytoniana, Linn., Sp. PI., 1521. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 160. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 65Y. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 426. Lawson, Can. Kat., i., 291. "Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 224. 0. interrupta, Michx., FL Bor.-Am., ii., 273. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 160. Pursh, FL Am. Sept., ii., 657. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Provancher, Fl. Can., 721. A handsome fern found growing in tufts in low grounds, and common throughout Canada from Newfoundland and Nova Scotia to Lake Superior, probably finding its western limit in Manitoba. Not uncom- mon around Lake Nepigon and Thunder Bay, Ont. (^Macoun.) "Very abundant among boulders all around Lake Mistassini, N. B. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Collected by Bourgeau at Sturgeon Lake, some hundred miles north-west of Lake Superior, and, according to Milde, on Lake "Winnipeg. (3032.) O. cinnamomea, Linn., Sp. PI., 1522. Swartz, Syn. Fil., ] 60. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 2'73. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 657. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 426. Provancher, Fl. Can., Y21. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 290. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 225. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. gSt A common species in low ground throughout l^ova Scotia, New Bi-unswick, Prince Edward Island, Quebec and Ontario, as far west as Georgian Bay, which is probably its limit, though Prof. Lawson records it as found at Two Heart Eiver, Lake Superior, by Dr. E. Bell. . The form known as var. frondosa, G-r. is an occasional, accidental condition, in which the lower part of the frond is sterile, the apex fertile. Windsor, N.S. {How.) The Waterworks, Halifax Co., N.S. {Jack.) Molus Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler.) In swamps at Belleville, Hastings Co., and at Bismark, Elgin Co., Ont. {Macoun.) CXXI. LYCOPODIACE^. Club-Moss Family. 760. LYCOPODIUM, Linn. (3033.) L. Selago, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. IL, 266. Not uncommon on mountains and northward. From Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains, and to the extreme Arctic Shores and islands. {Bichardson, Drummond.) Labrador. {Br. Morrison.) Cape Chud- leigh, Digge's Island, and Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait. {B. Bell.) Summit of Mount Albert, altitude 4000 feet, and along the Gasp6 Coast, Q. {Macoun.) Among grass on Carleton Heights, N.B. {Fowler's Gat.) On high exposed rocks, 10 miles south of Otter Head, and north of it. Lake Superior. On the Eocky Mountains at Kicking- Horse Lake, and on the Selkirks at Mount Macdonald ; also on the Gold Eange north of Gi-iffin Lake, B.C. {Macoun.) Kootanie District, B.C. {J. B. Anderson.) Sitka, Ounalaskka, and Kotzebue Sound. {Bothr. Alash.) Cumberland Islands, Arctic Sea. {Walker.) West- side of the Eocky Mountains near the sources of the Columbia. {Douglas.) Greenland. {Byder's Expedition.) Var. 13. Hook. Fl. II., 266. Tall and widely forking, leaves long pointed and often squarrose. Observatory Inlet, Millbank Sound to Stikine. {Hook. Fl.) Summit of Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island ; altitude 3000 feet. {Macoun.) (3034.) L. lucidulum, Michx. ; Hook. Fl. IL, 266. Common in swamps and wet woods throughout Canada. West coast of Newfoundland. (J. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax and Piotou, N.S. 288 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. {Sommer's Cat.) Common in Keat Co., N.B. (^Fowler's Gat.) Brook, ville, JS.B. (Hay.) North Mountain, Annapolis, N.S. ; woods, Bescie Eiver, Anticosti ; abundant on Prince Edwai-d Island at Brackley Eoint ; coast of Gasp6 and Mount Albert, Q. (Macoun.) Common in woods at Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Low woods, London and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Yery common through northern Ontario and westward through the forest country to the Eocky Mountains at Laggan, and in the Gold Eange north of Griffin Lake, B.C. ; also on Mount Mark, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (3035.) L. inundatum, Linn.; Hook. Fl. II., 267. In swamps and on wet sodden ground, generally eastward. Near Bedford ; Northwest Arm and Point Pleasant, near Halifax ; also at Pictou, N.S. (Sommer's Cat.) Bass Eiver and several places in Kent Co. ; not rai-e at Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Black Eiver, Lake Yerd, and North Pond near Bast Point, Prince Edward Island ; also in a peat bog, Hastings Eoad, North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Wet sandy shore. Port Colborne, Lake Joseph. Muskoka, Ont. (Bur- gess.) North Shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Yar. Bigelovii, Tuckerm. ; Gray Man., ed. Y., 6'73. Only found in the Maritime Provinces. Bogs, North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Grand Lake, Halifax Co., N.S. (McKay.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. Specimens received from Prof. J. Fowler. (Macoun.) (3036.) L. obscurum, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. YI., 696. L. dendroideum, Michx. ; Hook. Fl. II., 266. Quite common in the pine forests of Ontai-io. Brigus, Newfound- land. (E. Bell.) West coast of Newfoundland. (J.Bell.) Windsor, Halifax, and Pictou, N.S. (Sommer's Cat.) Eather common at Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) North Sydney and Baddeck, Cape Breton; Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island; and common along the Gasp^ Coast, Q. (Macoun.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Wetmore.) Woods, Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. ; and Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Woods, around Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Sandv woods, Komoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Common in the central counties of Ontario, and westward around Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan and Hudson Bay. (Drummond.) Northwest coast of America. (Menzies.) Sitka. (Mothr. Alask.) OATALOOUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 289 (SOST.) L. annotinum, Linn., Hook. Fl. II., 266. Veiy common in all cool woods and on mountains across the con- tinent. Brigus, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) Windsor, Dartmouth, Halifax, and Pictou, N.S. (Sommer's Oat.) Common in dry woods, N.B. (Fowler's Oat.) Tobique Eiver, JST.B. (Say.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Wetmore.) Pirate's Cove, Canso, N.S. ; Brackley Point and Cantire, Prince Edward Island, and woods at Salt Lake, Anticosti; also Gasp^ Coast, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Low woods, Lake of the Woods, and Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter., and Loon Strait, Lake Winni- peg. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in northern Ontario and westward to the Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain westward to the Selkirk Summit at Glacier ; and westward to the Gold Eange and the moun- tains, on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains, and Iltasyouco Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Cariboo Moun- tains, B.C. ; altitude 6000 feet. (Bowman.) Killisnow Island, Alaska. (Meehen.) Sitka, Ounalaskka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Jtothr. Alask.) Canada to Slave Lake ; Observatory Inlet to Millbank Sound. (Hook. Fl.) Var. alpestre, Hartm. Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp4, Q. ; altitude 4000 feet. (Macoun.) Crevices of rocks, Nain, coast of Labrador. (B. Bell.) Var. pungens, Spreng. This form has longer and sharper leaves than the preceding. Summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island ; altitude 5700 feet. (Macoun.) (.3038.) L. sabinsefolium, (Willd.) Hook. Fl. IL, 266. L. complanatum, L. var. sabinsefolium, Gray Man., ed. V., 674. Nearly all our specimens are referred here as we have little of the L. alpinum that has the flattened stem of the European form. We believe Hooker correctly characterized this form when he said : — "foliis undique imbricatis nunc quadrifariis cequalibus erectis tereti-subu- latis," and this surely cannot be said of L. alpinum which has flattened stems and unequal leaves. Newfoundland. (Oormack.) Stanhope Eoad, Prince Edward Island; Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp6, Q. (Macoun.) Table Top Mountain, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Lake Mis- tassini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Crane Lake, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Magpie Eiver, north of Lake Superior and westward ; 290 GEOLoarcAL survey of canada. Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains ; Selkirk Mountains around the Summit Pass ; on Portage La Loche, Lat 5T° ; on the summits of Mount Mark and Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Banks of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker Fl.) "West coast of Newfound- land. (J. Bell.) (3039.) L. clavatum, Linn.; Hook. Fl. IL, 267. Very common in damp woods throughout Canada. West coast of Newfoundland. (J. Bell.) Brigus, Newfoundland (E. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax, Truro and Pictou, N.S. (Sommefs Cat.) In dry woods, common in New Brunswick. {Fowler's Cat.) Common on Anticosti and Prince Edward Island, and along the Gasp^ Coast, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Truro, N.S. ; and Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. (^Burgess.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in eastern and north-western Ontario. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to the Sas- katchewan. (Hook. Fl.) Var. ^. monostachyon, Hook. Fl. II., 267. Little Tobique Lakes, N.B., 1884. (Hay.) Along Brackley Point Eoad, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun,.) Blood-vein Eiver, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Eocky Mountains, noi-th of Smoking Eiver. (Hook. Fl.) Var. 6. Hook. PI. II., 267. Northwest America, from Observatory Inlet to Stikine. (Hook. Fl.) Eoadside, between Hastings and New Westminster, B.C., spikes four instead of two; Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (3040.) L. complanatum, Linn.; Hook. PI. II., 267. West coast of Newfoundland. (J. Bell.) Halifax, Truro and Pictou, N.S. (Sommer's Cat.) In dry woods; common in Kent Co., and at Campbellto'n, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Wetmore.) In woods at Kingston, N.S.; at Cantire, Prince Edward Island, and along the Graspd Coast, Q. (Maemin.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher^ Fl. Ott.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (B. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Crane Lake, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Very common in cool woods thi'oughout northern Ontario and westward to Lake Nepigon, and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 291 Kakabeka Falls, Ont., and Swan Lake, Man.; mossy woods at Castle Mountain, Eocky Mountains, and westward to the Selkirk and Gold ranges, B.C. (^Macoun.) Wigwam Eiver, and Dean or Salmon Kiver, B.C. {Dawson.') Prom Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan. (^Hook. Fl.) Northwest coast. (^Menzies.) Pine Grove near Blue Church Cemetery, Prescott ; and woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. ; not common. (Billings.) (3041.) L. alpinum, Linn. Elevated parts of the Eocky Mountains, Lat. 52°-56°. (Brummond.) North of Griffin Lake on the summit of the Gold Eange, B.C. ; alti- tude 6500 feet. (Maeoun.) "We are doubtful of even these specimens, and they may possibly belong to JJ. sabincefolium, although the flattened stems and leaves of two sizes are like L. alpinum of Europe. CXXII. SELAGESTELLACEiEI. 761. SELACINELLA (BEAUV.) (3042.) S. spinosa, Beauv. ; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 698. S. sdaginoidea, Link. ; Gray, Man., ed. V., 675. Lycopodium selaginoides, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. II., 267. Pursh FI. II., 654. In wet grassy places along rivers and on mountains. Gunn Eiver, Anticosti ; along the Madeline and Ste. Anne des Monts rivers, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Mossy shore of Boundary Lake, Q. (Fringle.) Low shore at Saugeen, Ont. (Burgess.) Shore of the Bruce Peninsula at the Pishing Lakes ; very common along the north shore of Lake Superior and shores of Lake Nepigon, Ont. ; rather common on wet banks along all mountain streams from the Bow Eiver at Morley to Bear Creek in the Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) Canada. (Michaux.) Along the Saskatchewan. (Drummond.) Ounalashka. (Bothr. Alask.) (3043.) S. rupestris, Spring. Lycopodium rupestre, Linn. ; Hook. FL, II., 267. Quite common on barren hills, in sand, on rocks, and high up on mountains, especially westward. Keswick Eidge, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Common at Chalk Eiver on the Ottawa, also at Belleville, Hastings Co., and on Eice Lake Plains, 292 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. and barren hills in Murray Tp., Northumberland Co., Ont ; east coast of Lake Nepigon and on sand hills throughout the prairie region ; abun- dant on dry arid soil at Morley and on the summits of the higher Eocky and Selkirk mountains ; G-old Eange, B.C. At home in the valley as well as on the mountain top. {Macoun.') On rocks, Lake of the Woods and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Eastern Summit of Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Eocks in Pine Grove, two miles from Prescott, near the river, and rocks west of Brockville, Ont. ; not uncommon. (Billings.) Yar. yS., Hook. Lycopodium rupestre, var. /3., Hook. Fl. II., 267. Northwest America. (Douglas.) Observatory Inlet. (Dr. Scolder.) Abundant on rocks throughout Vancouver Island, and on the mainland of British Columbia west of the Coast Eange. Branches much longer than in the eastern form and the leaves looser. (Mdcoun.) (3044.) S. apus, Spring. Low marshy places along the base of '' The Hill " at Belleville, and between it and the Grand Junction Eailway ; very abundant in wet sandy soil, Presqu'Ile Point, Lake Ontario ; low marshy ground, Owen Sound, and Eed Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Springy, grassy places, London, and Komoka, Ont. (Burgess.) 762. ISOETES, Linn. (QUILLWORT.) (3045.) I. lacustris, Linn.; Hook. PI. II., 268. Saskatchewan. (Drummond.) St. Francis Lakes, Q. (Pringle.) Eiver St. Marie at the head of the Canal. 1869. (Macoun.) (3046.) I. echinospora, Durieu. Var. Braunii, Engelm. In water along the borders of lakes chiefly in the Laurentian dist- ricts. Eather common in Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.) Shelburne, N.S. (J. P. James.) In Partridge Lake, Anglesea, Addington Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Quebec. (Pringle.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 293 Var. ? Abundant in Sproat Lake and Somas Eiver at Alberni, west side of Vancouver Island, Aug., 1887. (Macoun.) (3047.) I. Tuckermani, A. Bi-ann. In water at the outlet of Potter's Lake, North Sydney, Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) (3048.) I. Bolanderi, Engelm. Abundant in a marshj pond on the Indian Reservation at Kamloops, B.C. It was partly in and partly out of water. This is considered slightly different from true I. Bolanderi by Prof. Underwood. Quite common in Shushwap Lake at Sicamous, B.C. (Macoun.) (3049.) I. riparia, Engelm. Yar. Canadensis, Engelm. In Crow Eiver, immediately above the dam at Marmora Iron "Works, Hastings Co.; also in Gull Eiver at the head of Mud-turtle Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) (3050.) I. Nuttallii, A. Braun. in herb. Very common on rocky springy ground near the Half-way House between Nanaimo and Wellington Mine, Vancouver Island, June ISSt. (Macoun.) (3051.) I. maritima, Underwood, Bot. Gaz. XIII. 94. K Sp. " Amphibious or mostly terrestrial ; root-stock small, only slightly bilobed ; leaves 8-15, rigid, green, 2-5 cm. long, 1-5 mm. wide, with abundant stomata ; sporangia oval 4 mm. long, 2'5 mm. wide, brownish white, covered one-third to one-half by the velum ; ligule small incon- spicuous; macrospores 0.42 — 0.48 mm. thick, densely spinulose, the spines somewhat blunt, but rarely confluent; microspores white, smooth, 0.032—0.035 mm. thick." Salt marshes, Alberni Canal below Alberni, Vancouver Island, Aug. 188Y. (Macoun.) CXXIV. MARSILIACE^. 763. MARSILIA, Linn. (3052.) M. vestita, Hook. & Grev. Abundant on desiccated ground at the north end of the Cypress Hills, Alberta ; also on sandy soil, covered occasionally with water, on the Indian Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C. (Macoun.) 294 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3053.) M. mucronata, A. Braun. MSS. Am. Joui-n. Sci. 2nd. Ser. Vol. III., 55. In pools on the open prairie east of the Hand Hills, Alberta, Aug. 8th, ISYg. (Macoun.) CXXV. SALVINIACE^. 764. AZOLLA, Lam. (3054.) A. Caroliniana, Willd. ; Hook. PI. II., 268. Floating on the still waters of Lake Ontario. (Pursh.) In water near Bin-lington Beach, Hamilton, Ont. (JJogie, Buchan.) Very abundant in still water at Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lake ; and in pools along the C. P. Ey. between the bi-idge at Sicamous and the first crossing of Eagle Eiver, B.C. (_Maeoun.) Additions and Corrections to Parts I-IV. PART I. 2. ANEMONE. (3055.) A. Oregana, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 308. A. nemorosa, Linn. var. (7) Macoun, Cat. III., 478. When compiling Part III., I separated the western form of A. nemorosa from the eastern one, being satisfied that it was a distinct variety. Since then Dr. Gray has erected it into a new species under the above name. All references in Part III. belong here. Not un- common in low damp woods in the southern pai-t of Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 765. ANEMONELLA, Spach. (19.) A. thalictroides, Spach.; Gray Man. ed. VI., 39. (1890.) All references under Thalictrum anemonoides, Part I., 14 & III., 4Y8, belong here. 3. THALICTRUM. (3056.) T. minus, Linn. Var. Kemense, Trelease, Proced. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., XXIII., 300. Alaska. (Trelease.) (22.) T. polygamum, Muhl.; Gray, Man. ed. VI., 39. (1890.) T. Comuti, Macoun, Cat., I., 15. 296 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. There is still much confusion regarding the distribution of this species and T. purpurascens. Collectors would confer a favor by gathering fruit as well as flowers. " This species is never glandular, so that all specimens with glandular pubescence are apparently refei'- able to T. purpurascens." (SOS?.) T. venulosum, Trelease, Proced. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., XXIII., 302. " Glabrous and glaucous, the stem, petioles and sepals purple-tinted, the foliage typically pale or whitened. Stem simple, erect, '7-20 inches high. Stem leaves 2-3, long petioles, 3-4 ternate. Leaflets approximated, short stalked, moderately firm, rounded and lobed at the apex as in T. dioicum, the lower surface rugose-veiny. Panicle simple, narrow, its short erect branches few-flowered. Flowers dicecious, small. Sepals ovate. Stamens 10-20, on slender filaments; anthers oblong, slender-pointed. Achenia about eight, nearly sessile, 4 mm. long, ovoid tapering into a straight beak ; thick-walled and otherwise similar to those of T. dioicum except that they are two-edged and commonly with one less groove on each side. Stigma sagittate. Seed ovid, pointed at one end, 1X2 mm., filling the ovary." British America. {Fran,klin Expedition.) Saskatchewan region. (Bourgeau.) On the Nechacco Eiver, Northern British Columbia, 1875. {Macoun.') 4. MYOSURUS. (25.) M. minimus, Linn. Var. lepturus, Gray. M. minimus, Macoun, Cat., I., 15 & III., 479 in part. All references to Vancouver Island specimens are placed here. This species is quite common in the neighbourhood of Victoria, Van- couver Island, in damp spots in pasture fields. Dr. Gray places this variety under M. apetalus, Gay, but I prefer Prof. Greene's opinion in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xiii., 61, that it should be placed under M. minimus. (26.) M. apetalus, Gay. ; Gray, Torr. Bull. Bot. Club, XIII., 2. Eeferences under M. aristatus, Part I., 15 & III., 479, belong here. 5. RANUNCULUS. (3058.) R. circinatus, Sibth. ; Gray, Man., ed, VI., 40 (1890.) Eeferences under B. aquatilis, Linn., var. stagnatilis, Part I., 16, belong here. In ponds at Agassiz, and on the Eeservation at Kam- loops, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 29^ (28.) R. aquatilis, Linn. ; Gray, Proo. Amer. Acad, XIII., 363. All references under JR. hederaceus, Part I., 15, and under B. aquatilis, var. heterophyllus, Part III., 419, belong here. Quite common in many parts of Vancouver Island, especially at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Salt Spring Island, Gulf of Georgia ; also at Agassiz and by a pond on the mountain south of Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) True B. hederaceus has been collected by the Eev. A. "Waghorne on Newfoundland. (29.) R. multifldus, Pursh, var. terrestris, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 41 (1890.) Eeferences under B. multifldus, Pursh, var. /?. Part I., 16, belong here. On mud, Bonaparte Eiver, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) Shore of GriflB.n Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) (3059.) R. reptans, Linn. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 16. R. ilammula, Linn., var. reptans, Meyer; Macoun, Cat, I., 17. We agree with Dr. Britton in going back to the old name for this species and hence would place all our specimens of B. Flammula var. reptans under this name. (31.) R. Flammula, Linn., var. intermedius, Hook. Fl. I., 11. Gravelly or muddy margins of streams. Donald, Columbia Valley, 1885; GriflB^n Lake, Gold Eange; Kamloops, Agassiz, Port Haney, Hastings, and Lulu Island, B.C., 1889; also frequent on Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) (3060.) R. natans, C. E. Meyer. To this species must be referred all the specimens included in B. multifldus, var. y. repens, Part I., 16, & III., 480. Albion Eoad, Prince Edward Island, 1888 ; Bonaparte Eiver, and Griffin Lake, Gold Eange, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (3061.) R. Eschscholtzli, Sohlecht. Hook. Fl. L, 18. All references under B. nivalis var. Eschscholtzii, Watson, Part I., 20, & III., 480, belong here. Common on Mount Queest, and other summits of the Gold Eange, B.C., at an altitude of 5000 to TOOO feet, 1889. (Macoun.) 20 298 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3062.) R. acriformis, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIII., 374. B. acris, Hook. Fl. I., 18, in part. " A foot high, strict, with pubescence in good part appressed ; leaves all palmately or pedately and deeply 3-5 parted or even divided, and often again 2-3 cleft into narrow lanceolate or linear segments or lobes > petals orbicular-obovate, one-fourth inch long, hardly double the length of the spreading calyx; akenes over a line long; beak of half their length.' ' Northern Eocky Mountains, Lat. 58°. (Drummond vide Gray.) (3063.) R. hispidus, Michx. ; partly DC. M. repens, Linn., var. hispidus, Torr. & Gray ; Macoun, Cat. I., 21. All the specimens of our native forms referred to R. repens var. hispidus j belong here, or to the next. Dr. Gray in his last revision placed the species after R. Pennsylv aniens, which is evidently its proper place. At present it is rather difficult to separate specimens of this form from R. septentrionahs, Poir., and it is very desirable that all Canadian collectors get good fruiting specimens of what we fbrmerly included in B. repens and its variety. Our specimens of R. hispidus are as below. Mouth of Nepigon Eiver, Lake Superior ; Pheasant Plain, Man. ; Eed Deer Eiver, near Hand Hills, Alberta ; along the Columbia Eiver at Donald ; at Kamloops, Agaasiz, and Port Haney, B.C. {Macoun.) Wigwam Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) (3064.) R. septentrionalis, Poir. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 43. (1890.) Nearly all the synonymy placed under R. repens var. hispidus by me in Part I., page 20 of this Catalogue is transferred to this species by Dr. Gray, so that nearly all the localities for the former species may . possibly belong to this, which ranges from New Brunswick to Mani- toba. Our Bpecimens of it are as below. In low ground along streams, in alluvium. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Chipman, N.B. ( Wet- more.) Whycocogmah, Cape Breton ; Black Eiver, Prince Edward Island ; Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. ; Cold Creek Valley, near Wooler, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont., and var. nitidus, Part I., 22, from London. (Burgess.) (3065.) E. HEBECARPUS, Hook. & Arn. Introduced in ballast on the wharves at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 299 (51.) R^ occidentalis, ISTutt. ; Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIII., 372 ; Macoun, Oat., I., 22. -R. Nelsoni, Gray ; Macoun, Cat., I., 22. Dr. Gray in his late revision takes R. occidentalis as the type of a . multiform species and places the following varieties under it. Var. robustus, Gray, 1. c, 313. R. occidentalis, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., VIII., 374. A span to a foot or more in height, stout-stemmed and ample-leaved, large flowered. Chiefly Alaskan. {Gray.) Our specimens are from Queen Charlotte Islands, 1878 (Dawson), and Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. Lyalli, Gray, 1. c. This variety has rather large thin leaves, short peduncles and petals Qot longer than, the calyx. Valley of Flathead Eiver, Eocky Moun- tains ; mountains, south of Tulameen Eiver, B.C. 1888. (Dawson.) Mountains, north-west of Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Var. tenellus, Gray, 1. c. JJ. Nelsoni var. tenellus, Gray; Macoun, Cat., I., 22. Slender, sometimes tall and with long internodes, often glabrate ; leaves simpler and smaller. Common on Vancouver Island and west of the Coast Eange, B.C. (Macoun.) (2099.) E. PAKVULiTS, Linn.; Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIII., 378. R. muricatus, Macoun, Cat., III., 481. " Akenes smooth and even or at length sprinkled with some scattered papillsB, especially towards the margin." In jR. muricatus the akenes are strong-beaked, tuberculate or echinate. Only station known St. John's, N.B. (Ray.) lO. DELPHINIUM. (66.) D. scopulorum. Gray, var. glaucum, Gray, Bot. Gaz., XII., 52. D. scopulorum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat., I., 25, in part. All our Eocky Mountain specimens are of this variety. Mountains north of Finlayson Lake, N.W.T., Lat. 61°, 1887. (Dawson.) 300 GIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 29. NYMPH/EA. (3066.) N. tetragona, Georgi, Eeise im. Enss. Eeichs, I., 220. (1115.) Casialia telragona, Lawson, Trans. Eoy. Soo. Can., VI., sec. iv., 112. C. pygmsea, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t, 68. Nymphxa pygmsea, Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., III., 293. Dr. Britton of Columbia College, New York, after a careful examina- tion of all available specimens has satisfied himself that this species is quite distinct from iV. odorota var. minor, Sims. He says : — " The plant may at once be distinguished from the eastern N. odorota var. minor, by the oblong leaves, sometimes nearly twice as long as broad, with narrow, acutish lobes, and the flowers still smaller with 7^8 rayed stigma." Misinaibi Eiver, Northern Ontario, ISTQ. (i?. Bell.) In ponds along the Severn Eiver, Keewatin, 1886. (J. M. Macoun.) (93.) N. reniformis, DC; Gray, Man., Ed. VI., 56. (1890.) Eeferences under N. tuberosa, Paine ; Gray, Man., ed. V., 56 (186Y) ; Macoun, Cat., I., 31, belong here. 30. VIUPHAR, Smith. (91.) Nuphar advena, Ait. f. var minus, Morong. Eeferences under JV. luteum, Smith, var. (?) Part I., 23, belong here. 766. STYLOPHORUM, Nutt. (306Y.) S. diphyllum, Nutt. (Celandine Poppy.) Damp woods, from Plover Mills to Thorndale, Middlesex Co., Ont., 15th May, IBBT. (-ffi. Elliott.) Near London, Ont. {Deamess.) 40. NASTURTIUM. (115.) N. paiustre, DO. Var. Our specimens placed here agree exactly with Suksdorff's plant col- lected May 4th, 1885, and distributed with the above name. The long pods, over half an inch long, with stiff branching stem and deep fusi- form root distinguish it from all other forms of N. paiustre in our pos- session. Our specimens are from Port Haney, and Agassiz in the lower CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 30] valley of the Eraser Eiver, B.C. The same form was collected on Van- couver Island, near Cedar Hill, in 1887. Other specimens approaching these were collected in mnddy places at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. [Macoun.) (3068.) N. obtusum, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 74. This plant has been received from the United States as N. lyratum, Palmer, Col. 1876, No. 12, and as N. obtusum, Palmer, Col. 1877, No. 33. The plant in question is only about four inches high and branches from the root. Grrowicg in ground subject to overflow, Thompson Eiver, Kamloops, B.C., 1889; also at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 42. CARDAMINE. (3069.) C. Lyallii, Wat, Proc. Am. Acad., XIV., 466. C. cord'ifolia, Wat, Bot. King. Exp., 19, in part; Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad., VIII., 376 ; Torr. Bot. Wilkes, 299. " Grlabrous ; stem erect from a running root-stock, simple or branched, a foot or two high; leaves few (4 to 8), petiolate, undivided, reniform to coi'date, the margin sinuate, 1 to 3 inches broad ; raceme pedun- culate ; flowers white; pods one inch long or less, on spreading pedicels, rather shortly alternate to a very short style, radicle cleft to the middle." On the southern borders of British Columbia. (Lyall.') (125) C. Douglasil, (Torr.) Britton, Trans. New York, Acad. Sci., IX., 7. (1889.) C. rotundifdlia, var. purpurea, Macoun, Cat., I., 40. I entirely agree with Dr. Britton in raising this plant to the rank of a species. It now takes the place of G. rotundifolia and its variety in Part I., 40 of this catalogue, references under G. rotundifolia going under G. rhomboidea, while those under G. rotundifolia var. ^purpurea, go here. ' (129.) C. pratensis, Linn., var. occidentalis, Watson. In springs in deep shade above the railway bridge at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, June 3rd, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. angustifolia, Hook. Finlayson Eiver, Lat. 61°, N.W.T., July 18th, 1887. (Dawson.) Cape Chudleigh, Ashe's Bay, Upper Savage Islands and Digge's Island, 302 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Hudson strait. (R. Bell.) The specimens collected by Dr. Bell wei-o refeiTed to G. pratensis ia Part III., page 480. Since then, specimens received from Greenland, have shown that these are the variety with bright purple flowers. (130.) C. hirsuta, Linn., var. montana. This is a very distinct form and seems to be closely related to O. sylvatica, but differs from that species in gi-owing on mountains and in wet places. It approaches G. oligosperma in having its leaflets almost petioled. The specimens hitherto referred to G. hirsuta var. sylvatica, and collected in the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, belong here. Com- mon on the wet slopes of Mount Queest and other high mountains in the Gold Eange, near Griffin Lake, B.C., altitude 6000-7000 feet. (Macoun.) Another form near the coast at Burrard Inlet has also been referred to G. hirsuta, var. sylvatica, but it cannot be that species as it differs in many minor points besides growing in wet ditches. (3070.) C. flexuosa, With.; Britton, Trans. N.Y. Acad., IX;, 8. (1889.) C. hirsuta, Linn., var. sylvatica, Gray, Man., ed. V., 67 (1867) ; Macoun, Cat, I., 41. Dr. Britton says of this species : — " So far as I have observed, its habitat is on rocky banks in more or less shaded woodlands ; that of G. hirsuta being either actually in the water or in very moist situations. It appears to be a smaller plant than G. hirsuta, with a decidedly flexuous stem, the leaves smaller and with narrower divisions." Our knowledge of this species agrees exactly with that of Dr. Britton, and we have no hesitation in changing the names as above. Our specimens are from " dry rocks," close to Shannonville Station on the G.T.E., Hastings Co., Ont., 1864 ; and Island Portage, Dawson Eoute west of Lake Superior, 1872. {Macoun.) 767. PLATYSPERMUM, Hook. (307L) P. scapigerum, Hook. On open slopes. Mount Pinlayson, Goldstream, Vancouver Island, May 18th, 1887. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 303 43. ARABIS. (3012.) A. humifusa, (J. Vahl.) Watson. Apetrsea, Lam.; Macoun, Cat., I., 42, in part. Gri-eenland and Arctic Islands. The Lake Saperioi" reference in Part I., goes to A. lyrata, and the Eocky Mountains ones to Sisymbrium humile. Var. pubescens, Watson. Gravelly shores of Hudson and James bays. West coast of Hudson Bay, near mouth of Severn River, Lat. 56", August 10th, 1886; South Twin Island, James Bay, July ITth, 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) York Factory, Hudson Bay. {R. Bell.) (132.) A. lyrata, Linn., var. occidentalis, Watson. A. petrxa, Lam. var. amhigwi., Eegel. Dr. Watson has made the above change, and this form is now evi- dently in its proper place. Apparently quite common in the northern part of British Columbia. A specimen received from the British Museum and labelled A. lyrata (no locality) is this variety. (3073.) A. Lemmoni, Wat, Proc. Am. Acad., XIV"., 467. A. canescens and var. latifoKa, Wat., Bot. King. Exp., 16, and Bot. Calif., I., 32, IL, 431 ; Macoun, Cat, III., 487. " Perennial, low (a span high or less), glaucous, hoary below with fine densely stellate pubescence, the stems several from a branching caudex, slender, glabrous above ; lower leaves spatulate-oblanceolate, rarely with one or two teeth, 6 to 9 lines long, the petiole sometimes ciliate, the cauline oblong-lanceolate, auriculate, mostly glabrous or nearly so; flowers small, rose-colored, the sepals pubescent; pods ascending or widely spreading on short pedicels (1 to 3 lines), glabrous, curved, 1 to 2 inches long by § ot a line wide, more or less attenuate to a sessile stigma or short style ; seeds in one row, orbicular, nai-rowly winged." Mountains in the Bow Eiver Pass, Sept. 13, 1879; onthe sum- mit of Canmore Mountain, Eocky Mountains, June 27, 1885. (Macoun.) (3074.) A. confinis, Wat., Proc. Amer. Acad., XIV., 466'. A. Ixvigata, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am., I., 43. Turritis glabra and var. /3, Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 78, and 666. T. hrachycarpa, Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 79. T. stricta, Torr. Fl. N.Y., I., 53, not Grab. ; Gray, Gen. 111., L, 144, t. 59. A. Drummondii, Gray, Man., ed. V., 69 (1867) ; Macoun, Cat. I., 43, in part. 304 GEOL-OGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. " Biennial, rarely somewhat glaucous ; stems erect, one or several, usually simple, 1 to 3 feet high ; lower leaves oblanceolate, usually dentate, finely stellate-pubescent or sometimes glabrous, the cauline oblong to linear- lanceolate, auriculate ; flowers white or pinkish ; pods more or less spreading or sub-erect, a line broad or less, straight or slightly curved, usually more or less attenuate above and beaked; seeds small, narrowly oblong, winged." This includes all A. Drummmdii and var. hrachycarpa from the Atlantic to the Eocky Mountains. (138.) A. Drummondii, Gray. Only the Eocky Mountains and westward are included in the range of this species. Fine specimens were collected at Kamloops, Spence's Bridge and Lytton, B.C., in the summer of 1889. (Macoun.) (30*75.) A. Columbiana. Eesembing A. arcuata in the shape of the pods, but differing very much in general appearance. The pods are longer and are exactly sickle-shaped, and the pedicel is shorter ; flowers white, calyx almost smooth, but occasionally with a few branching hairs which are more numerous on the leaves and stem, especially towards the base ; leaves at the foot of the stem slightly toothed and tapering into a petiole, those of the stem sessile and often clasping. It may be designated a winter annual as its seeds are ripe early in May. Quite common on the lower slopes of the mountains bordering the Thompson and Eraser rivers from Spence's Bridge to Yale, B.C. First detected May 19, 1875. {Macoun.) (2101.) A. canescens, Nutt. On mountain slopes in the dry I'egion of British Columbia, Cherry Bluff, near Kamloops, and throughout the Nicola Valley. (Dawson.) Along the mountain slopes at Yale, Lytton, Spence's Bridge, and Kamloops, B.C. (Macoun.) 46. SISYMBRIUM. (157.) S. humile, C. A. Meyer; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 11. (1890.) Arabis petrsea, Macoun, Cat., I., 42, & III., 486. Since Parts I. & III. of my catalogue were published. Dr. Watson has carefully looked into the various specimens of A. petrcea sent from Canada, and has referred most of them as above. It follows therefore that almost all references to A. petrcea in Parts I. & III. must be con- sidered cancelled. See A. humifusa. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 305 (30'76.) S. siNAPiSTRUM, Crantz. S. Pannonimm, Jseg. This species has been introduced in a number of places along the line of the Canadian Pacific Eailway. Castle Mountain, Eocky Moun- tains, 1885. (Macoun.) Near Nepigon Bridge, Lake Superior, 1886. {Fletcher.) At Port Arthur, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, 1889. {Dr. Britton.) On an embankment along the 0. P. Ey., about 300 yards west of Burketon station, 45 miles east of Toronto, 1889. (W. Scott.) 51. DRABA. (I'IS.) D. Fladnizensis, "Wulf. ; Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 258. Eeferences under B. androsacea, Part I., 51, belong here. (116.) D. incana, Linn. var. arabisans, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. YI., 6*7. (1890.) D.arabisans.M.ich-s.; Macoun, Cat, I., 52 ; Gray, Man.,ed. V.,71. (1867.) Draba incana is described in Gray's new manual as having oblong to lanceolate pods which are generally acute and straight and often pube- scent, while those of var. arabisans are glabrous, acuminate or acute and twisted. 54. LESQUERELLA, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 249. (181.) L. Ludoviciana, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 252. Vesicaria Ludomdana, DC. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 54, in part. All the prairie references in Part I., belong here. The specimens from British Columbia to the next. Var. arenosa, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 252. Vedcaria arenosa, Eichards. in Frank. Journ., 26. Watson places this in the Saskatchewan region, but if V. arenosa is a correct reference, then its habitat is "on a hill TOO feet high at Bear Lake Eiver," Lat. 65°. This is the station mentioned by Eichardson in Soaker's Flora, Bor. Am., I., 48. 306 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3011.) L. Douglasii, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 255. Vesicaria LodovuAana, Macoun, Cat, I., 54, in part. " Eesembling L. Ludmidana, but the pods smaller, obovate and very obtuse, erect upon spreading pedicels, and the cells only 2-ovuled ; lower leaves sometimes ovate upon a narrow petiole." On the Colum- bia Eiver east of the Cascade Mountains. {Lyall.) Similkameen Valley, B.C., June 23rd, 1877. {Dawson.) (188.) L. arctica, "Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 254. Vesicaria arctica, Richards ; Macoun, Cat., I., 54, in part. All the northern references belong here. Vai\ Purshii, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 254. Vesicaria arctica, Macoun, Cat., I., 54, in part, & III., 490. Pod somewhat pubescent ; septum complete. Island of Anticosti, Q. {Sheppard in Torr. & Gray.) Very common in the valley of Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, near the sea. (Macoun.) 59. SUBULARIA. (196.) S. aquatica, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 55. Quite common in Muskoka Lake, Ont. (Dr. Britten.) In abun- dance along the shallow margin of Sproat Lake, near Alberni on the west side of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 61. THLASPI. (3078.) T. PERPOLiATDM, Linn.; Hooker, Student's Flora, 41 . (1884.) Growing on a cold, wet, springy bank, Dundas Eavine, near Hamilton, Ont. " Must be introduced, but I cannot yet make out how it got where I found it." (Burgess.) 70. POLANISIA, Raf. (3079.) P. trachysp'erma, Torr. & Gray, Man., ed. VI., 75. (1890.) P. graveolens, Raf.; Macoun, Cat, I., 59, & III., 491. All the stations recorded under P. graveolens from the Worth-west Territories, in Parts I. & III., pages 59 & 491 , belong to this species. The CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 307 two forms can be easily separated by their stamens. In this species they are long exserted, while in P. graveolens they scarcely exceed the petals. CXVII. EESBDAOB^. Mignonette Family. 716. RESEDA, Tourn. (DYER'S ROCKET.) (3080.) E. ALBA, Linn. ; Hooker, Student's Flora, 45. (1884.) Growing in abundance at the wharf and by the roadside at Sicamous, C. P. Ey., B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 74. SOLEA, Spreng., in part. (225.) S. concolor, Ging.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 31. (1890.) Eeferences under lonidmm concolor, Benth. & Hook , Part I., 61, belong here. 75. VIOLA. (228.) V. primulsefolia, Linn, var. occidentalis, Gray, Bot. Gaz. SI., 255. V- Nuttallii, var. linguxfolia, Macoun, Cat., III., 493. A form with ovate or spatulate- oblong leaves all tapering at base. Eocky places by a brook on a shady hill side, western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, 1883. (Dawson.) (229.) V. blanda, "Willd., var. palustriformis, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 79. (1890.) V. blanda, Macoun, Cat., I., 62, in part. Specimens having the upper surface of the leaves, sparsely and iinely hairy, are referred here. North Bay, Lake Nipissing, Ont., 1889. (Dr. Britten.) Sandy river margin. Lake Nepigon. (Macoun). Var. renifolia, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 80. (1890.) Eeferences under V. renifolia, Gray, Part I., 62, belong here. (235.) V. palmata, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 79. Specimens referred to F. cucuUata, Ait., var. palmata, Gray, Part I., 63, belong here. 308 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Var. cucullata, Gray, Man., ed. YI., Y9. (1890.) Specimens referred to V. cucullata, Ait., and V. cucullata var. cor- data, Gray, Part I., 62, 63, belong here. (238.) V. Langsdorffii, Fisch. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 63. In wet places and swamps, at Nanaimo and Mount Finlayson, Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Marshes, Burnaby Lake, near Hastings, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) (2108.) V. pedatiflda, G. Don. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 79. (1890.) Specimens refei-red to V. delphinifolia, Nutt, Part III., 493, belong here. (240.) V. canina, L., var. puberula, "Wat. in herb. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 81. (1890.) Eeferences under V. canina, var. rupestris, Eegel., Part I., 64 & III., 493, belong here. (243.) V. pubescens, Ait., var. glabriuscula, Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL, 291. Specimens referred to var. scabriuscula, T. & G., Part I., 64, according to Gray should be called var. glabriuscula, as the plant is not really scabrous. (3081,) V. prsemorsa, Dougl. ; Gray, Bot. Gaz., XI.. 289. V. Nuttallii, var. prsemorsa, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. I., 65. All the specimens collected on Vancouver Island belong here. 769. TUNICA, Scop. (3082.) T. Saxifraga, Scop. " Has been introduced in gardens at London, Ont., and become quite a troublesome weed. Specimens were sent to me by Mr. Dearness, of London, Ont., which I referred to Dr .Watson." {Burgess.) 770. CYPSOPHILA, Linn. (3083.) G. PANiCTTLATA, Linn. Introduced at Emerson, Manitoba. July 4th, 1887. (Prof. Fowler.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 309 77. SILENE. (255.) S. CucuBALus, Wibel; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 84. (1890.) Eefei-ences under S. inflata, Smith, Part 1., 6*7, belong here. (256.) S. Douglasii, Hook. Fl. I., 88; Macoun, Cat., I., 61. This species was gathered in small quantity on the summit of Mount Benson, near N"anaimo, Vancouver Island, altitude 3000 feet, June 8th, 1887. (Macoun.) (2109.) S. multicaulis, Nutt.? Specimens identical with Howell's Oregon specimens distributed under the above name were collected on the western side of IS'icola Lake, June 7th, 1889. (Macoun.) I am still of opinion that my Eocky Mountain Lychnis elata is either that species or a new one. It is certainly not a Silene. 81. ARENARIA. (292.) A. physodes, DC; Macoun, Cat., I., 73, & III., 292. Yukon Eiver, N.W.T., Lat. 62° ; and Pelly Banks, N.W.T., 1887. (^Dawson.) 82. STELLARIA. (3084.) S. AQUATicA, Scopoli; Hooker, Student's Flora, 61. (1884.) Eoadsides and ditches at Sti-atford, Ont. Introduced. July 19th, 1886. (Burgess.) 83. CERASTIUM. (309.) C. arvense, Linn., var. oblongifolium, Holl. &Britt.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 88. (1890.) Eeferences under G. oblongifolium, Torr., Part I., 77, belong here. 81. BUDA, Adns. {Spergviaria.) (319.) B. marina, Dumort; Gray, Man., ed.VL, 89. (1890.) Tissa marina, Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Oub, XVI., 126. Spergviaria media, Macoun, .Cat I., 85. 310 GEOLOGICAL SURYEY OF CANADA. Owing to our imperfect knowledge of this genus, our specimens were in some cases placed under the wi'ong species, but all have lately been examined by Dr. Britton, and we here repeat the localities of our herbarium specimens for each species of the genus. Salt marshes, St. John, ]Sr.B. {Matthews.) Annapolis, N.S. {Prof. Fowler.) Brackish sands along the coast at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; North Sydney, Cape Breton ; Pictou, N.S. ; salt lake, west of Long Lake, and Old Wives' Lakes, 'Assiniboia ; salt marsh, Kamloops, and shore of Burrard Inlet, B.C. ; on wet sand, Oak Bay and Nanaimo,/V'ancouver Island. {Macoun.) (321.) B. borealis, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 90. (1890.) Tissa salina, Britt., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XVI., 129. Spergvlaria salina, Macoun, Cat. I., 80. Salt marshes, coast of Kent Co., N.B. (Prof. Fowler.) Gravelly beach, below high-water mark, St. Croix Eiver, St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Salt marshes, Brackley Point, and Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island ; Becscie Eiver, Anticosti, and Eestigouche Eiver, Que. (Macoun.) (3084.) B. marotheca, Fisch. & Meyer. Tigsa maa-otheca, Britt. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XVI., 129. Coast of Vancouver Island, at Beacon Hill and Oak Bay, near Vic- toria. (Fletcher, Macoun, Newcombe.) Crevices of rocks washed by the sea, Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (320.) B. rubra, Dumort; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 89. (1890.) Tissa rubra, Britt, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XVI., 127. Spergularia rubra, Presl ; Macoun, Cat I., 80 Bass Eiver, N.B. (Prof. Fowler.') Halifax, N S., and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; roadsides near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 92. CLAYTONIA. (3086.) C. parviflora, Dougl. ; Hook. El. I., 225. G. perfoliata var. parviflora, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat, I., 83. Distinguished from 0. perfoliata by its spatulate to filiform-linear radical leaves, and its flowers scattered in a loose raceme on slender pedicels. Abundant at Goldstream, Vancouver Island, amongst gravel. May 18th, 1887. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 311 Var. depressa. Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 281. On river banks, probably sand-washes, British Columbia to Oregon. {G-ray.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. {Fletcher.') Abundant on gravel banks at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Cowichan Eivor, Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) (308Y.) C. arctica, M. F. Adams. Extends from the Alaskan shores and islands to adjacent Asia. (Z>r, Gray, in Proced. Amer. Acad. Sci., XIV., 279.) (3088.) C. tuberosa, Pall. Mainly Asiatic, but has been found at Plover Bay by Eothrock ; and Muir collected it somewhere in Arctic Alaska. {J)r. Gray I.e.) (3089.) C. asarifolia, Bongard, Veg., Sitch, 137. C. Sibirica, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 82, in part. Dr. Gray says this species ranges from the Eocky Mountains in Montana and Idaho to Sitka. Coldwater Eiver, B.C., June 14th, 1877. (^Dawson.) Cedar Hill, Goldstream, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) (334.) C. spathulata, Dougl.; Hook. PI. I,, 226. Cperfoliata, var. spathvlata, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 83. C. gypsophiloides, Fisch. & Meyer. Small, but comparatively large-flowered, an inch to a span high; cauline leaves from lanceolate-ovate to narrowly lanceolate, rarely connate into a round peltate or cupulate disk. Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1876. (Dawson.) Cedar Hill, and Mount Tolmie, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. tenuifolia, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 282. C. exigua, Torr. & Gray ; Macoun, Cat., I., 83. This has the cauline leaves narrowly linear, and is easily separated from the species by this character alone. Cedar Hill, and Mount Tolmie, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1875. (Macoun.) (337.) C. sarmentosa, Bongard, Veg. Sitch., 137. Dr. Gray says of this species : — " It would seem to be a species inter- mediate in certain respects between G. parvifolia and G. Ghamissonis 312 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. with the alternate leaves of the former, and these broadly ovate, obo- vate or the radical rotund, the larger of the latter with a blade half an inch long." Specimens collected in the valley of Eagle Eiver at Griffin Lake in the Gold Eange, were exactly the same as those found on the coast 350 miles to the west, and identical with all our other specimens of C. parvifolia ; but those gathered in the bed of the same stream, at an altitude of 6500 feet, were altogether different and undoubted Q. sar- mentosa, as the species is defined by Dr. Gray. In addition to his characters, I may remark that all the stems are more or less curved and produce bulblets in the axils. 771. TALINUM, Adns. (3090.) T. spinescens, Torr., Bot., Wilkes, 250. Mountain slopes west of Stump Lake, B.C. Alt. 3400 feet. Aug. 1888. (Dawson.) 93. CALANDRINIA. (3091.) C. Columbfana, Howell. (1886.) Abundant in crevices of rocks on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 5500 feet, July 11th, 1881. {Macoun.) The plant collected by Lyall on the boundary of British Columbia is now referred to this species by Mr. T. Howell. 97. HYPERICUM. (343.) H. Ascyron, Linn. ; Coulter, Bot. Gaz. XI., S3. Eeferences under H. pyramidatnm, Ait., Part I., 84, belong hej-e. (34Y.) H. macu latum, Walter; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XI., 101. Eeferences under H. corymbosum, Muhl., Part I., 85, belong here. (349.) H. Canadense, Linn. var. minimum, Chois. ; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XI., no. H. anagalloides, Macoun, Cat. I., 85. Dwarf 1 to 3 inches high, simple, few-flowered ; leaves oblong, obtuse, 4 to 5 lines long, a line or two wide, smaller and more crowded below. Wet springy places, Cypress Hills, Assiniboia, Aug. 8th, 1 880. (Macoun. ) OATALOOUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 313 (350.) H. formosum, h!BK. var. Scouleri, Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XI., 108. Eeferences under H. Scouleri, Hook., Part I., 85, belong here. (351.) H. anagalloides, Cham. & Schlecht; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XI., 109. In ditches and wet gravelly places. Mount Finlayson, 10 miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Common at Nanaimo, Qualicum, Comox and Home Lake, Vancouver Island ; Lulu Island, mouth of Fraser Eiver, and Burrard Inlet at Hastings, B.C. (Macoun.) 98. ELODES, Adns. (353.) E campanulata, Pursh.; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XL, 111. References under IS. Firginica, Nutt., Part I., 86, belong here. 89. MALVA. (3092.) M. BOREALis, Wallm. ; Torr., Mex. Bound. Rep., 38. On ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, July, 188Y. (^Macoun.) lOI. 8IDALCEA. (361.) S. malvaeflora, Gray; Macoun, Oat. L, 81. In Part I., 87, this and the next were considered one species. When Pai't III. (page 501) was published, we had reached the conclu- sion that we had also Watson's var. Oregana. Since then. Dr. Gray has elaborated the genus, and our herbarium siiecimens arc divided as below. In dry thickets at Oak Bay, and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (3093.) S. Oregana, Gray, PI., Pendl., in part; Proced. Amer. Acad. XIV., 23*7. Grassy slopes near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant in salt marshes at Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) f04. SPH/ERALCEA. (365.) S. acerifolia, Nutt.; Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad. XIV., 294. S. rivularis, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 88, & III., 501. 21 314 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. There are two forms of this species in British Columbia. One of a slender habit, with five-lobed small leaves, the lobes obtuse or short pointed, growing in thickets at Shuswap and Bnderby, B.C. ; the other a much stouter plant with coarse, generally five-lobed leaves, lobes with long tapering points, stems almost smooth. Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Macoun), and Elk Eiver, Eocky Mountains. {Bawson.) I06. LINUM. (312.) L. Lewlsii, Pursh, M. I, 210; Trelease, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Science, V., 12. L.perenne L. var. Lemsii, Eat. & Wright; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 102, References under L. perenne, Linn., Part I., 89, belong here. I07. GERANIUM. (3094.) G. DissEOTCM, Linn. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 104. Introduced in a few places in Canada. Port Arthur, west of Lake Superior. (I)r. Britton.') Vicinity of Victoria, and at Nanaimo, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) 121. CEANOTHUS. (402.) C. ovatus, Desf. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 96. Along the St. Clair Eiver eaet of Point Edward, Ont. (/. Dearness.) 573. LIMNANTHES. (2116.) L. Macounii, Trelease, Eev. of Geran. L. Douglaiii, Macoun, Cat, III., 502. Plcerkia proserpinacoides, Macoun, Cat., I., 91, in part. Glabrous, 2-3 inches high ; divisions of the leaves 5-9, remote, 3-6 mm. long, ovate, mostly 3-cleft, their lobes broad and very acute ; flowers, 4-merou8, not showy as in the other species ; sepals oblong, rather obtuse, enlarging somewhat in fruit ; petals white (?), oblong- cuneate, erosely truncate, 3-4 mm. long ; stamens about equalling the petals, anthers 4 mm. long; fruit obovoid, 3 mm. long, with very prominent tubercles. {Trelease.) Professor Trelease in his Revision of the Geraniacese made this a new species and named it aftfer the discoverer. CATALOGUE OF CANABIAN PLANTS. 315 115. ILEX. (395.) I. verticillata, G-ray, var. tenuffolius, Baton & Wright. " Both the type (^Prinos verticillatus L.\ and this variety are found at London. The variety (by their desci-iption) is much the commoner form, is only slightly pubescent on the veins beneath the leaves, and grows in very wet places, often in water. The type occupies drier, but still damp, places, and has the whole under surface of the leaves, woolly pubescent." (Burgess.) 121. RHAMNUS. (406.) R. Purshiana, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. I. 96, & III., 504. A small tree in damp thickets in every part of Vancouver Island as far north as Comox ; on the mainland as far east as Sicamous in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 127. RHUS. (429.) R. Canadensis, Marsh. ; Gray, Man. ed. VL, 119. References under B. aromatica. Ait., Part I., 101, belong here. 129. LUPINUS. (3095.) L. arid US, Dougl., Hook. Fl. L, 165. Grassy slopes of Za-kwas-ki Mountain, head of Nicoamen Eiver, B.C. Alt. 6,500 feet, Aug. 1889. (Dawson.) (3096.) L. microcarpus, Sims. ; Torr. & Gr., PI. I., 371 . Abundant on the face of the clay cliff, fronting beach, near Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancover Island. 1887. (Macoun.) (443.) L. micranthus, Dougl., var. microphyllus, Wat. Specimens referred to L. micranthus, var. bicolor, Wat., Pai't I., 103, belong here. (3097.) L ? This fine species is related to L. laxiflorus, but Dr. Watson thinks it scarcely identical. Abundant at Kamloops and at the southern end of 316 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) Specimens of this or a closely related species were obtained on the Upper Liard Eiver, Lat. 60°, N. W.T., in the summer of 1 887, by Dr. Dawson. 132. TRIFOLiUM. (3098.) T. cyathiferum, Lindl. ; Torr. & Gr., PL I., 320. Dry gravel along the Cowichan Eiver, Vancouver Island, ]88'7; on dry ground, Penticton, at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 133. MELILOTUS. (3099.) M. PARViFLORA, Desf. ; Torr. & Gr., FI. L, 321. Introduced. Ballast heaps at Pictou, N.S, 1883. (Macoun & Burgess.) Ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 188'7. (Macoun.') 134. MEDICACO. (468.) M. DENTicuLATA, Willd., var. apioulata, Willd. ; Hooker, Student's Flora, 95. (1884.) Introduced. On ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, ISB^. (Macoun.') Flower very small, yellow ; stipules laciniate, pod coiled, reticulate but not spinose. 574. TRICONELLA. (2122.) T. hamosa, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 506. Eeferences under T corniculata, Linn , Part III., 506, belong here. 136. HOSACKIA. (472.) H. bicolor, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. L, 107. In water in the bed of a brook, near the " Half-way House," between Nanaimo and Wellington Mine, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (475.) H. Purshiana, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. L, 108. Dry prairies, Souris Co., Man. (Thos. Walker.) Griswold, Man. (Eev. A. Burman.) On rocks by the sea at Esquimault, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. SIT (3100.) H. subpinnata, Ton-. & Gray, PI. I., 326. Grassy places along the coast at Oak Bay and Beacon Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; at the first tunnel above Yale on the C. P. Ey., and at Spence's Bridge, Kamloops, and Lake Okanagan, B.C. (Macoun.) Open ground, North Thompson River, B. 0. (J. M. Macoun.) 142. ASTRAGALUS. (3101.) A. Mortoni, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gr., Fl. I., 330. On sandy and gravelly soil in thickets at Trout Creek, near the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (523.) A. Stenophyllus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 329. A. collmus, Macoun, Cat. I., 114, in part. A.filipes, Torrej^ Bot. Wilkes, 278. Dry slopes Nicola Valley, 18'7'7. (Dawson.) Abundant in the Nicola Valley and around Nicola and Stump lakes, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) Good fruiting specimens were obtained. This is No. 523 of Part I., 115, which I was unable to determine, having only flower- ing specimens. 145. DESMODIUM. (540.) D. canescens, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 118. Not rare at Point aux Pins, Kent Co. ; and abundant at Poiut Pelee, Essex Co., Ont. Growing in rather low-lying wet sandj^ thickets. (Burgess.) 577. ONOBRYCHIS. (2130.) O. SATivA, Lam.; Macoun, Cat. III., 511. Cultivated on irrigated lands at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C., and escaped to brooksides. (Macoun.) 147. VICIA. (554.) V. Americana, Muhl., var. truncata, Brewer. Thickets and borders of woods, Kananaskis Station, Eocky Moun- tains, 1885; thickets at Agassiz, B.C., 1889; and at Beacon Hill and Gordon Head, near Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1 887. (Macoun.) 318 GEOLOGICAL S0EVET OF CANADA. 148. LATHYRUS. (3102.) L. Nuttallii, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XII., 450. L. venoms, Macoun, Cat. I., 121, in part. Stout and tall, more or less pubescent throughout, with loose woolly hairs ; stipules, semi-sagittate, rather narrow ; leaflets, 3 to 6 pairs, variable, narrowly or bro'-dly elliptical, usually acute or acutish at both ends, apiculate, 1 or 2 inches long ; rachis, tendril-bearing ; peduncle shorter than the leaves, few-flowered ; calyx teeth triangular, acuminate, the lower somewhat larger ; petals reddish purple, 6 to 8 lines long; pod,'glabrous, oblong, attenuate to a very short thick stipe, 1 to IJ inches long by 4 lines wide; seeds, globose, brown. Com- mon in thickets in British Columbia and Vancouver Island. In Part I., 121, this species was included in L. venosus, but is now separated by Dr. "Watson. 155. PRUNUS. (573.) P. Virginiana, Linn., Var. (?). A form of this species, with very long deciduous sepals occux's in British Columbia, extending from the Fraser Valley northward to Telegraph Creek. 157. SPIR/EA. (580.) S. Douglasii, Hook. var. Menziesii, Presl; Macoun, Cat. T., 127. This variety is very common throughout British Columbia and Vancouver Island, while the type of the species is confined to Van- couver Island, as far as our knowledge of it extends. A variety which we refer to S. salicifolia, was gathered at Sicamous in July, 1889. It would pass in the east for S. salicifolia, as it has a large branching panicle, white flowers, and long exserted stamens. So far jSi. salicifolia has not been found west of the Eocky Mountains, but is reported from the far north. 158. PHYSOCARPUS. (Ndllia.) (584.) P. opulifoliu'S, Maxim. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 153. (1890.) Eeferences under Neillia opulifolia, Benth. & Hook., Part 1., 127 belong here. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 319 I60. RUBUS. (593.) R. Stellatus, Smith; Macoun, Cat., I, 130. Port Simpson, coast of Northern British Columbia. (Anderson.) (598.) R. strlgosus x leucodermis. A hybrid evidently between B. stri.gosus and B. leucodermis was found growing in profusion and fruiting abundantly on the hillsides, between the railway station and the hotel, and at other places at Sicamous, B.C. The fruit was very like that of B. neglectus, Peck, which is an undoubted hybrid between B. strigo&us and B. occidentalis, but much more abundant and larger. 167. FRACARIA. (620.) F. Virginiana, Duch., var. Illinoensis, Gray. Of all the specimens of this species in our collection, only one col- lected at Ottawa, Ont., by J. M. Macoun can be referred here. Col- lectors in western Ontario should look out for it. r7i. POTERIUM. (658.) P. Sitchense, Watson; Macoun, Oat. I., 143 & III., 519. Salt marshes along the Alberni Canal, and Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Lake Lindeman, Lat. 59°, B.C.; near the mouth of Lewes Eiver, Lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) (2133.) P. Sanguisorba, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 519. Introduced in grass seed in the Township of Massagawga, Halton Co., Ont. June, 1888. (J. Alston Moffatt.) (2134.) P. annuum, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat. III., 519. Abundant in the streets of Victoria, and in fields near Bsquimault, Vancouver Island; also in fields at Spence's i Bridge, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 172. ROSA. (3103.) R. Engelmanni, Watson; Gray, Man. ed. VI., 162. (1890.) Whiskey Island, Lake Huron, shores of Lake Superior, and west to 320 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the Eed Eiver Valley. ( iVatson.) The specimens from Whiskey Island were collected by Dr. John Bell in 1866. Other specimens gathered on Bm.-nt Island, Lake Ifepigon, in 1884, are also refen-ed here by Mr. G. N. Best, Eosemount, Kew Jersey. Mr. Best, however, believes that both the Nepigon specimens and all my specimens of B. Sayii, belong to B. acicularis, Lindl., or var. Bourgeauiana, Crepin. (2135.) R. Sayii, Schwein; Macoun, Cat. III., 520. Whether this rose retains this name, or is placed under some othei-, we now know that it is our most northern rose, and extends from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Lake Mistassini, Severn Eiver, Upper Liard Eiver, and the Lewes Eiver, a branch of the Yukon, in Lat. 62°. (2138.) For R. Woodsii, Wat, read R. Woodsii, Lindl. NoTK. — Mr. G. N. Best, of Eosemount, New Jersey, has examined all our mounted specimens of the genus Rosa, and has made a number of changes in our arrangement of specimens under^certain species. As he has taken copious notes, and intends to publish them with other notes on roses, we make no changes except in the above instances (iJ. Sayii and R. Engelmanni), and in the following : R. Californica and R. micrantha must be cancelled, the latter going to R. Tuhiginom, and the specimens retained in Part. IIIi, 520, under the former, are referred doubtfully to R. pisocarpa- 174. CRAT/ECUS. (678.) C coccinea, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 147. Since the publication of Part I. this species has been greatly ex- tended, and now includes much of 0. tomentosa, Gray, Man., ed. V.,' 160. Var. macracantha, Dudley; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 165. C. tomentosa, Macoun, Cat., I., 147, in part. This includes all 0. tomentosa from JSTova Scotia to west of Manitoba, except specimens from the south-western part of Ontario at Amherst- burgh and Point Edward. Var. mollis, Torr. & Gray; Man., ed. VI., 165. C. subvillosa, Schrad. ; Macoun, Cat., 1, 147. C. tomentosa, Linn., var. mollis, Gray, Man., ed. V., 160. Queenston Heights and westward along Lake Erie to Amherstbui-gh, Ont. {Macoun.) OATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 321 (3104.) C. punctata, Jacq.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 166. (1890.) C tommiosa, \a.r. punctata, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. I., ]47. All the large fruited, small-leaved forms of C. tomentosa, belong here. The 0. Crus-galli of all localities east of Hamilton, should be referred here, as that species is confined to south-western Ontario. 176. SAXIFRACA. (3105.) S. OCCidentaliS, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 264. "Eesembling S. Virginiensis ; leaves? often more or less densely rufous tomentose beneath ; infloresence ojien, glabrous or somewhat glandular- pubescent ; calyx free from the pistils, cleft nearly or quite to the base, the segments vei-y obtuse, not reflexed ; petals white, oblong-obovate, obtuse; filaments slender; seeds with a loose, smooth testa. From the Eocky Mountains of British America (Brummond) to British Columbia." (Lyall.) Summit of Mount Finlayson, 10 miles from Victoria; on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, altitude 5500 feet; also at Yale and Lytton, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) (TOO.) S. reflexa, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 152. On small islands in the entrance to the North Arm of Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.') (106.) S. Stellaris, Linn., var. comosa, Poir ; Macoun, Cat., I, 153. Under this we placed, in Part I , S. foliosa, E. Br , as a synonym. Specimens since collected in the Selkirk Mountains and Gold Eange of British Columbia, are Eobert Brown's species, but very far from being S. stellaris, var. comosa, which is an un branching form. (3106.) S. foliosa, E. Brown ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 570. " Eadical leaves cuneiform, slightly toothed; scapes divided, the branches one-flowered at tho summit, and at their base clothed with a cluster of minute fascicled leaves ; calyx inferior, obovate ; limb of the petals cordate-lanceolate. Seems to be distinct from S. stellaris by the dense clusters of little leaves on the scapes, the flowers are few (or none), the obovate calyx, and particularly by the lamina of the equal petals being cordate at the base." (R. Brown.) On Boar Creek, Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, and on the Gold Eange at Griffin Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Mount Queest, Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) 322 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. r78. TOLMIEA. (TIY.) T. Menziesii, Ton-. & Gray; Macoun, Cat. I., 155. Abundant in rich damp woods at Hastings, and Port Haney, Eraser Valley, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 180. TIARELLA. (310'7.) T. laciniata, Hook., Fl. I., 239; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I, 588. This species is included in T. trifoliata in Watson's Index of the Polypetalse, but specimens collected on Vancouver Island two years ago satisfy me that they are distinct. They differ as much in habit as in appearance, for while one is at home in the rich woods near the sea, the other is found only on stones in mountain brooks. Besides being laciniate, the leaves are smaller and thinner, of a brighter green, and more delicate in every way. On stones in mountain brooks flowing from Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 2000 feet. 188'7. (Macoun.) 189. SEDUM. (3108.) S. Oreganum, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 559. Abundant on rocks on a small islet at the head of Home Lake ; also on mounts Mark and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 192. MYRIOPHYLLUM. (3109.) M. alternifolium, DC. Julianshaab, Greenland. (Rosenvinge.) Lake Memphamagog, Que. July, 1886. (Bean, vide Morong.) 578. CALLITRICHE. (3110.) C. Bolanderi, Hegelm; Bot. Calif., II., 77. Abundant in muddy pools at Alberni, and along Somas Eiver, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, 1887 ; also at Hastings, Port Moody, and Agassiz, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2147.) C. autumnalis, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., III., 530. North of the Saskatchewan. ( Dr. Richardsm.) In pools, Bonaparte CATALOaUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 323 Eiver, B.C., 1889. {J. M. Macoun.) In a pond on the Eeservation at Kamloops ; and abundant in Griffin Lake, Gold Eange, B.C., 1 889. (Macoun.) • Mr. A. Bennett believes that our North American C. autum- nalis will have to be separated from the European form as a variety. (3111.) C. heterophylla, Pursh; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 182. (1890.) In flowing water, Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia, July 18th, 1880. (Macoun.) Mr. A. Bennett states that this is 0. Asagraya, Hegel. Mon. pi. 3, fig. 9 & pi. 4, fig. 1. (3112.) C. hamulata, Kutz. In the SpuUamachcen Eiver at Bnderby, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) On Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, 188*7. The Vancouver Island specimens are without fruit and doubtfully refei'red to this species by Mr. A. Bennett. (Macoun.) 198. CODETIA. \ (3113.) G. HispiDTJLA, Watson, Bot. California, I., 231. Introduced on ballast heaps, at Kanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 196. EPILOBIUM. Many additional species and varieties of Epilobium have been added to our flora since the publication of Part III., but our whole series of this genus is now being examined by Prof Trelease who is unable to report upon them in time to include them in this Part. S>04. LYTHRUM. (822.) L. Salicaria, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., I., ITS, & IIL, 539. Low river bank, Byron, near London, Ont. (J. A. Balkwill.) 772. CUPHEA, Jacq. (3114.) C. viscosissiMA, Jacq.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 186. (1890.) (Clammy Cuphea.) In cultivated fields between Hamilton and St. Catherines, Ont. 324 QEOLOaiCAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 206. MENTZELIA. (3115.) M. dispersa, Watson, Bot. California, I., 236. Abundant at Lytton and Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889, especially along the railway. (Macoun.) 212. HYDROCOTYLE. (3116.) H. TJMBET.LATA, Linn., Spec, 234. On ballast heaps on the coal wharf at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. "Without doubt introduced. (Macoun.) 773. CRANTZIA, Nutt., Cen. I., 178. (311'7.) C. lineata, Nutt. ; C, & E. Eev. of N. Amer., Umbell, 92. Abundant in saline marshy spots from Nanaimo along the sea shore to the mouth of Nanaimo Eiver ; also at the head of James Bay, Vic- toria, Vancouver Island, 188Y. (Macoun.) 213. SANICULA. (836.) S. Marylandica, Linn.; 0. &E. Eev. ofK Amer., Umbell, 102. Coulter and Eose give the range of this species only westward to the Eocky Mountains. In Canada it ranges quite across the continent, and is found, though rarely, on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Var. Canadensis, Torr. PI. U.S., 302. S. Canadensis, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 179. There is now no doubt that this is only a variety of S. Marylandica, and references under that species in Part I. belong here. (3118.) S. Howellii, C. & E. Bot. Gazette, XIII., 81. " Stems coarse, a foot or less high, more or less buried in the sand (or earth), often bearing tufts of stout elongated peduncles and leaves ; leaves broad and palmately three to five lobed (often much modified by by being buried in the sand), the upper inclined to be pinnately lobed, the divisions rather sharply cut and toothed, the teeth mucronate- tipped ; umbels unequally few-rayed, with involucre of few leaf-liko CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 325 bracts, and involucels of very prominent bractlets, sometimes much exceeding the large globose head of fruit ; flowers yellow ; fruit short pedicellate, prickly all over, IJ to 2 lines long, seed face concave.'' On clay cliffs Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island. 188*7. {Macoun.') (3119.) S. Nevadensis, Watson, Proceed. Amer. Acad. XI., 139. " Stem slender, sometimes very short, simple, or branching near the base, a foot or less high ; leaves ternate, the divisions oblong-ovate, 3 to 5-lobed ; the segments lobed or toothed ; umbel with about 5 rays, which are sometimes branched and become \ to 1^ inches long in fruit, involucre of pinnatifid leaf like bracts, and involucels of small oblong acute bractlets ; flowers yellow, the sterile ones pedicelled, fruit prickly all over, IJ lines long ; seed face plane." On dry rocky hills near Vic- toria and ISTanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.') Thickets, Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island, 1885. {Fletcher.') 215. MUSENIUM. (842.) M. trachyspermum, Nutt. ; Ton-. & Gray, PI. I., 642. Eeferences under M. divaricatum, Nutt., var. Hookeri, Part I., 180, and M. tenuifolium, Part I., 1 80, belong here. 218. CARUM. (846.) C. Cairdneri, Benth. & Hook. ; Macoun, Cat, I., 180 & III., 533. The j-eferences given in Parts I. & III. belong only in part to this species ; the remainder to the next. North Pork of Old Man River, Alberta. (Bawson.) Cypress Hills, Alberta ; and very common in thickets at Cedar Hill, Comox, and Alberni, on Somas Eiver, Vancouver Island. 188*7. {Macoun.) (3120.) C. Oreganum, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XII., 368. In the dry beds of brooks near the Hand Hills, Alberta ; also in a dry thicket near Victoria, Vancouver Island. 188Y. {Macoun.) 774. ZIZIA, Koch. (849.) Z. aurea, Koch; C. & R. Eev. of N. Amer., Umbell. 127. Thaspium aureum, Macoun, Cat. I., 181. Thagpium aureum, var. apterum, Gray, Man., ed. V., 195. (1867.) 326 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. All our herbarium specimens of T. aureum belong here, but some of the references given in Part I. may belong to the true T. aureum. (3121.) Z. cordata, Koch; Hook., Fl. I, 260. Thafpiwm trifoliaium, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. 1 , 181, in part. All the specimens in our possession from the eastern part of the prairie region have been referred here by Coulter and Eose, while those from the base of the Eocky Mountains are placed under Thaspium. 220. THASPIUM. (350.) T. aureum, Nutt, var. trifoliatum, C. & E. Eev. of N. Amer. Umbell., 83. T. trifoliatum, Macoun, Cat. I., 181, in part. The only specimen of this species in our collection is from Kanan- askis Station at the eastern base of the Eocky Mountains ; collected 1885. {Macoun.) 221. CICUTA. (852.) C. virosa, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. I, 182. To the species, which is wholly a northern form. Coulter and Eose unite G. maculata as a vai-iety. It, therefore, becomes — Var. maculata, 0. & E., Eev. of N. Amer., Umbell., 130. C. maculata, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 181. This includes all the more southern specimens and localities, and crosses the continent to the Pacific coast and Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Var. Californica, C. & E. Eev. of JS". Amer., Umbell., 130. C. Californica, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., VII., 344. Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and by ponds near Esquimault, Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 579. BERULA. (2150.) B. angustifolia, Koch; Macoun, Cat. Ill, 534. Abundant in the stream that enters the north-western arm of Lake Okanagan ; quite common in a pond on the Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 32*7 225. BUPLEURUM. (85Y.) B. Americanum, C. & E. Eev. of N. Amer. Umbell., 115. B. ranuncidoides, Macoun, Cat., I., 182. " Eadical leaves linear lanceolate; oauline ones very variable, oblong to linear, more or less clasping ; rays unequal, |^ to 2 inches long ; pedicels short." In general appearance this species resembles the European B. ranunculoides, but is distinguished as above. All references in Parts I. & III., belong here. Pelly Eiver, Lat. 61°, N.W.T., ISST. (Dawson.) 226. OSMORRHIZA. (861.) O. occidentalis, Torr. Mex. Bound. Eep., tl. Olycosma occidentalis, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 183. This species with others have been united to Osmorrhiza by Coulter & Eose, in their late revision. 230. LICUSTICUM. (3122.) L. Crayi, C. & E., Eev. of N. Amer. Umbell., 88. " Stems 1 to 2 feet high, with leaves all nearly i*adical, and glabrous inflorescence; leaves ternate then pinnate; rays, with involucels of several narrowly linear elongated bractlets ; rays, 1 to 2 inches long ; pedicels 2 to 4 lines long, with short conical stylopodia, and narrow, prominent almost winged ribs ; oil-tubes 3 to 5 in the intervals, 8 on the commissural side ; seed strongly flattened dorsally, with angled back, and face but slightly concave, with no central ridge." Very abundant on the summit of the Gold Eange at Griflfin Lake, B.C., Aug., 1889. (^Macoun.) 584. CENANTHE. (2206.) (E. sarmentosa, Presl; DC, Prodr. IV., 138; Macoun, Cat. III., 53Y. Very common in ditches and marshy places throughout Vancouver Island ; also common in the Fraser Valley west of Yale, B.C. {Macoun.') 775. CONIOSELINUM, Fisch. (886.) C. Canadense, Torr. & Gray, PL I., 619. Eeferences under Selinum Canadense, Part I., 184, belong here. 328 aEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 231. SELINUM. (867.) S. Paciflcum, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XI., 140. Specimens referred here doubtfully, because they were too young, were collected at China or Atlat Creek, and other points along Alberni Canal and Barclay Sound, Yancouver Island, 188*7. (Macoun.) (3123.) S. Dawsoni, C. & E., Bot. Gazette, XIII., 144. '•A foot or so high, glabrous; leaves ternate, then pinnate, the small (J to J inch long) ovate acute segments laciniately toothed to entire ; umbel, with involucels of linear-oblong scarious bractlete longer than the pedicels, and abruptly ending in a long attenuation ; pedicels, 1 to 2 lines long ; fruit oblong, smooth, about 2 lines long, with promi- nent wings, the lateral ones but little broader; rarely an additional small oil-tube in a lateral interval, seed hardly at all dorsally sulcate. This interesting species is quite distinct from all other species of Selinum in its leaf and involucel characters, as well as in the prominent thin wings of the fruit. Pelly Eiver at Pelly Banks. Yukon District, Lat. 61°, Aug. 11th, 1887. (Dawson.) 232. ANGELICA. (869.) A. genuflexa, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 620; Macoun, Cat. I., 185. Abundant at Griffin Lake, Sicamous, Agassiz, and other localities to the coast at Burrard Inlet, B.C. ; also at Qualicum and Alberni, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) (871.) A. atropurpurea, Linn., Spec, 251. Eeferences under Archangelica atropurpurea, Hoflfm., Part. I., 185, belong here. (873.) A. hirsuta, Muhl., Cat. ed. ir., 30. Eeferences under Archangelica hirsuta, Torr. & Gray; Macoun, Cat. I., 186, belong here. 776. C(ELOPLEURUM, Ledeb., Fl. Ross. II., 361. (872.) C. Cmelini, Ledeb. ; C. & E. Eev. ofN. Amer.Umbell, 90. Archangelica Omelini, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 186. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 329 Along both sides of Burrard Inlet, and common on the coast of Vancouver Island ; also at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. {Macoun.) 777. PHELLOPTERUS, Benth., Cen. Plant, I., 905. (3124.) P. littoralis, Schmidt ; 0. &E. Eev, of N. Amer. Umbell., 81. Lying prostrate on the sandy beach at Puller's Farm, Oak Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 778. PASTINACA, Linn., Cen. No. 362. (882.) P. SATIVA, Linn. ; C. & E. Eev. N. Amer. Umbell., 49. Eeferences under Peucedanum sativum, Part I., 18Y, belong here. 235. PEUCEDANUM. (818.) P. ambiguum, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. L, 626. On dry hills at Lytton, Yale, Stump Lake, Kamloops and Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (3125.) P. eurycarpum, C. & E., Eev. of N. Amer. Umbell, 61. P. macrocarpum, var. (7) eurycarpum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. III., 536. On the hills, on the north side of Kicking Hprse Eiver, at Golden, Columbia Valley, 1885; quite common at Spence's Bridge, and on the arid hills along the Thompson Eiver to Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) (STT.) P. triternatum, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 626. On rocks at Lytton, and along the Fraser Eiver above it, 1889. (Macoun.) (3026.) P. nudicaule, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, PI. I., 627. Open prairie, Souris Co., Man., 1889. (T. Walker.) (2154.) P. villosum, Nutt. ; Watson, King's Eep., V., 131. Moose Mountain, Assiniboia, 1884. (J. M. Macoun.) Moist banks, Souris Co., Man., 1889. (T. Walker.) 22 330 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2155.) p. Sandbergii, C. & R., Bot. Gazette, XIII., 19. P. ? No. 2155, Macoun, Cat. 111., 536. " Caulescent, branching at base, an inch or two to a foot high, from an elongated slender root, rough puberulent ; petioles wholly inflated, with a very conspicuous white scarious margin ; leaves ternately or pin- nately dissected, the ultimate segments very short linear ; umbel very unequally, 6 to 15-rayed, with involucels of distinct linear-lanceolate bractlets; rays, 1 to 4 inches long; pedicels, a line or two long ; flowers, bright yellow ; fruit, ovate, puberulent, 2 to 2J lines long, l^^ lines broad, with very narrow wings, and filiform dorsal and intermediate ribs ; oil-tubes, 4 or 5 in the intervals, 6 on the commissural side ; seed- face, plane." North and South Kootanie passes and summit of Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) (3127.) P. Martindalei, C. & E., var. augustatum, C. & E., Bot. Gazette, XIII., 143. " Usually more caulescent than the species and sometimes taller, with more dissected leaves, and wings of fruit about half a line wide, making a fruit about 2 lines wide." Summit of Mount Mark, altitude 3300 feet; and Mount Arrowsmith, altitude 5500 feet, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 237. LEPTOT/ENIA, Nutt., Torr. & Cray, Fl. I., 629. (884.) L. dissecta, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 630. Ferula diaeoluta, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. I., 188. C&che Creek Mountain, B.C. (Macoim.) (885.) L. multiflda, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, PL I., 630. Ferula mvMfida, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. I., 188. On dry hillsides at Sicamous, Kamloops, Spence's Bridge and Lytton, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 239. TIEDEMANNIA, DC. (888.) T. ris;ida, C. & E., Eev. of N. Amer. UmbelL, 64. Keferences under Archemora rigida, Part I., 188, belong here. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 331 242. CORNUS. (3128.) C. Baileyi, Coulter & Evans, Bot. Gaz., XV., 37. C siolonifera, Macoun, Cat. I., 190, in part. "Erect shrub, with reddish-brown, mostly smooth branches; branch- lets and inflorescence pubescent to woolly; petioles 6 to 25 mm. long ; leaves from lanceolate to ovate, acute or short-acuminate, acute or obtuse at base, appressed-pubescent to glabrate above, white beneath, and with woolly hairs variously intermingled with appressed ones (or in some cases all appressed), 2'5 to 12 cm. long, 1'2 to "I'S cm. wide; flowers in small, rather compact cymes ; calyx-teeth from small to prominent ; fruit white ; stone decidedly compressed, flat-topped, rarely oblique, with a very prominently furrowed edge, much broader than high (3 mm. high, 4 to 6 mm. broad)." Low grounds at the mouth of Nepigon Eiver, Lake Superior ; " Eiver That Turns," near the source of the Qu'Appelle Eiver, Assiniboia (Macoun) ; Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) North Pork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Probably common between Lake Superior and the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) 245. SAMBUCUS. (3129.) S. glauca, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. II., 13. In the vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.) Abundant along the Cowichan Eiver and at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island; also at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) 248. SYPMHORiCARPUS. (3130.) S. mollis, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. II., 4. Quite common on dry, gravelly hills at Goldstream and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; also on gravel at Yale and Agassiz, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 258. VALERIANELLA. Tourn. The above generic name is substituted for Plectritis, Part II., 205, & III, 501. (3131.) V. anomala, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIX., 83. On gravelly slopes near ISTanaimo, Vancouver, 1887. (Macoun.) ■ 332 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 262. EUPATORIUM. (959.) E. purpureum, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 239. (1890.) The type of this species has been collected both at Hamilton and London, Ont., by T. J. Burgess, M.D. It is probable that the spotted stem is only a trivial variation. 267. CRINDELIA. (3132.) C. nana, Nutt.; Gray, Synop., Fl. IL, 119. In dry open woods at Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. discoidea, Gray, Synop. PI. II., 119. A rayless state of the species gathered on the dry mountain slopes at Goldstream, Vancouver Island, 1881. (Macoun.) Other specimens were collected that are doubtfully referred to G. integrifolia. It is quite evident that we have two species on the coast of Vancouver Island that have been included in Gray's Synoptical Flora in the above mentioned species. In one series all the forms have entire leaves ; but they vary much in size, and are from glabrous to tomentose. Another series, with serrate leaves, stout stems and almost smooth in every part, is also included. 779. BOLTONIA, L'Her. (3033.) B. asteroides. L'Her. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 166. In moist places, Souris Co., Man., 1889; apparently very j-are. (T. Walker.) (3034.) B. latisquama, Gray, var. occidentalis, Gray, Synop. Fl. IL, 166. Eich, damp soil, 15 miles west of Winnipeg, Man., 1886. (Fletcher.) 276. ASTER. (1022.) A. radulinus, Gray; Macoun, Cat. II., 220. On the summit of Mount Finlayson, and at Home Lake, Vancouver Island, 188Y. (Macoun.) The specimens referred to this species in Part II. , 220, belong to A. conspicuus. OATALOQTTE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 333 . (1039.) A. campestris, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat. II., 224. Guichon Creek, Nicola Valley, B.C., 1888. {Dawson.) (1046.) A. Novi-Belgii, Linn., var. litoreus, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 189. Salt marsh, and along the bridge that crosses it, near Shaw's Hotel, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. {Macoun.) (3135.) A. patulus, Lam.; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 262. New Brunswick. {Gray, Man.) We have never seen this species, and would be glad if New Brunswick botanists could detect it. (2171.) A. Tradescanti, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 545. This species diifers from A. paniculatus in having its leaves (chiefly) linear and tapering to a long slender point. Probably common throughout Ontario, but confounded with A. paniculatus. Quite common at Hull, Que., and Casselman, 29 miles fi'om Ottawa. {Macoun.) Not uncommon at Ottawa. {W.Scott.) (21Y3.) A. occidentalls, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 546. In various forms and very abundant along lakes and streams in all parts (visited) of Vancouver Island ; also at Shuswap Lake, B.C. {Macoun.) (1049.) A. puniceus, Linn., var. lucidulus, Gray, Synop. PL II., 195. Eivi^re du Loup, Q. Aug., 1889. {St. Cyr.) Var. laevicaulis, Gray, Synop., Fl. II., 195. Eeferences under A. puniceus, var. firmus, Part II., 226, belong here. (1053.) A. peregrinus, Pursh; Macoun, Oat. II., 226. In crevices of rocks at the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancou- ver Island, 1881 ; alt. 5900 feet. {Macoun.) (1054.) A. foliaceus, Lindl., var. Eatoni, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 194. Not uncommon on King's Farm at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 334 GEOLOaiOAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. pubescens, Griay, I.e.. Salt marshes, along Barclay Sound, amongst the islands near Cape Beale, Vancouver Island, 1887. (_Macoun.) (1067.) A. subulatus, Michx., PI. IL, 111. In salt marshes along the outer sands of Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun). In Part II., 229, under this number I placed a specimen collected Blong the coast of Lake Huron, but it is more likely a form of A. paniculatus. 276. ERICERON. (2177.) E. flagellaris, Gray; Macoun, Oat. III., 548. Better specimens have been collected at Spence's Bridge, B.C., by Mr. James Fletcher, since the publication of Part III., and competent authorities have referred them to this species. 780. PSILOCARPHUS, Nutt. (3136.) P. Oreganus, Nutt., var. elatior, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 228. Quite common in ditches that dry up in summer, at Cloverdale and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3137.) P. tenellus, Nutt. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 228. Abundant in ditches at Clovei-dale, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 295. BIDENS. (3138.) B. bullata, Linn.? Along the Somas Eiver between Alberni and Sproat Lake, on the west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. Doubtfully referred here by Dr. Watson. (Macoun.) 78(. HELIANTHELLA, Torr. & Cray. (3139.) H. Douglasii, Torr. & Gray, Fl. II., 334. Mountains between Mcola Valley and Niacomen, B.C., 1888. (Daivson.) Abundant on the mountains between the Nicola Eiver and the Thompson, south of Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) Moun- tains north-west of Spence's Bridge. (J. M. Macoun.) CATALOQUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 335 3ir. ARTEMISIA. (3040.) A. ANNUA, Linn. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 3*70. Introduced at London, Ont., and inclined to spread. (Burgess.) Vacant lots. West Toronto, Ont. (Macoun.) (1192.) A. glauca, Pall. ; Macoun, Cat. IL, 255. On the open prairie, Souris Co., Man., 1889. (T. Walker.) 312. LUiNA. (1212.) L. hypoleuca, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. IL, 259. Very abundant in crevices of rock on Mount Mark, altitude 2000 feet ; also on the sea-cliffs of the Alberni Canal, west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Crevices of water- worn rocks in a canyon of the Kokesaila Eiver, about 50 miles from Victoria on the Nanaimo Eailway, Vancouver Island. (Anderson.) 318. SENECIO. (1230.) S. SYLVATicus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 263. Waste places on Shaw's Farm, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888; cultivated ground, Burrard Inlet, at Hastings, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (1237.) S. aureus, Linn., var.subnudus, Gray, Synop. PI. II., 391. "Western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. 1883. (Dawson.) 319. CACALIA. (1249.) C. tuberosa, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat. II., 268. Plentiful on the banks of the Maitland Eiver, near Clinton, Ont. (J. Dearness.) 320. TETRADYMIA. (1250.) T. canescens, DO. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 268. On rocky hillsides, Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Amongst rocks to the west of Kamloops, on both sides of the Thompson Eiver, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) On the North Thompson, 20 miles north of Kamloops, 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) 336 GEOLOGICAL STIRVET OE CANADA. 782. SILYBUM, Ceertn. (MILK THISTLE.) (3141.) S. Marianum, Gsertn. ; Gray, Synop. PI. II., 405. Grosnell's Cove, near Kingston, Ont. {T. Walker.) Along the seashore at Oak Bay, Victoria, and at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.') Escaped from gai-dens. 326. CENTAUREA. (3142.) C. Calcitrapa, Linn. ; Gray, Synop. PI. II., 406. (Star Thistle.) Introduced in ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. 1887. {Macoun.) (3143.) 0. Melitensis, Linn.; Gray, Synop. PI. II., 406. Introduced. On dry knolls and rocky ledges at Esquimault ; also on ballast heaps at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 188*7. {Macoun.) (3144.) C. Jacea, Linn.; Gray, Synop. PI. II., 407. In meadows at Cedar Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 188*7. Introduced. (Macoun.) 331. CREPIS. (3145.) C. BIENNIS, Linn. ; Gray, Synop. PL II., 430. Naturalised in fields at Cedar Hill and Somenos, Vancouver Island 188*7. {Macoun^) (1283.) C. viRENS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 2*74. Cowichan Eiver and in woods at Chemanos, Vancouver Island, 188*7. (Macoun.) 332. HIERACIUM. (2188.) H. aurantiacum, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IIL, 551. Hamilton Eoad, east of London, Ont. (J. Dearness.) (1284.) H. Pilosella, Linn., var. Peleterianum, Mer. Very common along roadsides, covering the backs of the dykes and the borders of the fields in many parts of Prince Edward Island. Completely naturalized. (Macoun.) CATALOaUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 33Y (1293.) H. paniculatum, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 216. In woods, western Ontario. (J. Dearness.) (3146.) H. ? A tall, coarse plant, with the general appearance of Crepis, growing in clumps. The whole stem is more or less covered with dark hairs, which increase so much on the peduncles and bracts as to make them very dark colored. Leaves with only occasional teeth, rough, with hispid hairs, which are more numerous on the under sidCj mid-rib broad and white ; radical leaves nearly a foot long, tapering into the petiole. Naturalized in meadows at Cedar Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3147.) H. cynoglossoides, Arvet. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 428. A tall species over three feet high, quite smooth and glaucous, except a few bulbous hairs at the base; leaves entire, lanceolate, not clasping; panicle like Crepis virens ; involucre almost black, covered with appressed glandular hairs. Collected 40 miles up the North Thompson, beyond the settlements extending from Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Dr. Britton suggests the above name, but the speci- men in our herbarium from Howell is unlike this. 346. CAMPANULA. (3148.) C. aurita, Greene, Pittoniana, I., Part V., 221, 1888. " Eoot perennial ; stems several, a span high, erect, slender, leafy, one-tlowored ; the whole plant pale and minutely scabrous ; leaves an inch long, oblong, lanceolate, acute, sessile by a narrow base, entire or with a few coarse teeth ; segments of the calyx lanceolate, each with a pair of erect lobes or teeth at or near the base ; corolla violet, f inch long, cleft to some distance below the middle, the segments lanceolate, widely spreading." A well-marked and interesting species obtained on the table-lands of the Yukon Mver, Alaska, Latitude 63°, late in August, 1881, by Mr. Octavius S. Bates. {Greene.') (1344.) C- rotundifolia, Linn., var. arctica, Lange. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 560. Greenland, Lat. 71°, 1888. {Hanson.) Little Charlton Island, James Bay, July, 1887. {J. M. Macoun.) All the northern specimens 338 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. are distinguished by having reflexed, white hairs on the lower part of the stem. Var. Alaskana, Gray, Synop. FI. I., 395. Mount Mark, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. Alt. 2500 ft. {Macoun.') Var. hirsuta. A slender, narrow-leaved variety, with the lower j)art of stem covered with stiff reflexed hairs. Flowers 1-5, smaller than in the species. Shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 347. HETEROCODON. (1348.) H. rariflorum, JSTutt. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 289. Eather common on the oak pasture lands at Cloverdale and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 349. VACCINIUM. (1356.) V. uliginosum, Linn., var. mucronatum, Herder; Macoun, Cat. II., 291. Crevices of rocks, summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5700 feet, July, 1887. (Macoun.) (3149.) V. occidentale, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 23. Amongst rocks on the slopes of Mount Mark, alt. 2500 feet, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island, July, 1887. (Macmm.) 350. OXYCOCCUS. (1365.) O. vulgaris, var. intermedium, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 396. Along the swampy margin of Langford Lake, near Goldstream, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 353. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS. (1371.) A. tomentosa, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 295. Growing in large bushes on the summit of Mount Erskine, altitude 1200 feet, Salt Spring Island, Gulf of Georgia; also on Mount Finlay- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 339 son and other moantains at Goldstream ; and on tlie ridge at the " Old Mine," near the head of Chase Eiver', and on Mount Benson. Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, ISST. (Macoun.) 354. CAULTHERIA. (ISTS.) C. ovatifolia, G-ray; Macoun, Oat. II., 295. Oascade Mountains, British Columbia. {Gray.) In alpine woods on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 4500 feet, 1887 ; also at Sicamous in the Gold Eange, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) 363 LEDUM. (139Y.) L. gland ulosum,Nutt.; Macoun, Oat. II., 301 & III., 562. Plateau north of Tranquille Eiver, alt. 5000 feet; plateau north of Nicola Eiver, alt. 6000 feet, B.C., 1889. {Dawson.) 366 CLADOTHAMNUS. (1408.) C. pyrolaeflorus, Bong. ; Macoun, Oat. II., 303. Mountain near Sumas Lake, 1884. {Bowman.) Lake Karmutzen, Vancouver Island, 1885. {Dawson.) Wooded slopes, Mount Arrow- smith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5500 feet, 1887. {Macoun.) 368. MONESES. (1416.) M. grandiflora, Salisb.. Gray, Man., ed. VI., 323. Eeferenoes under M. unifiora, Part II., 306, belong here. 369. CHIMAPHILA. (1418.) C. Menziesii, Spreng. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 306. Shady woods along the Little Qualicum Eiver, and common on the lower slopes of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) (1419.) C. maculata, Pursh ; Macoun, Cat. II., 306. In woods at Plover Mills, Ont. {R. Elliott.) 371. ALLOTROPA. (1421.) A. virscata, Torr. & G-ray ; Macoun, Cat. IL, 307. Quite common in gravelly soil everywhere around Goldstream and in woods at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 340 GEOLOGICAL StfRVET OP CANADA. 373. HIPOPITYS. (3150.) H. fimbriata, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., VHI., 629. Quite common in coniferous woods along the Little Qualicum Eiver and on the slopes of mounts Mark and Ai-rowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 377. PRIMULA. (1430.) P. Sibirica, Jacq. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 310. Sea shore below high-water mark, west coast of Hudson Bay, Aug., 1886. (J. M. Macoun.) (3151.) P. Egaliksensis, Hornem. ; Gray, Synop. PI. I., 399. Shore of Charlton Island, James Bay, July, 188'7. (J. M. Macoun.') 380. DODECATHEON. (3152,) D. fris;idum, Cham. & Schlecht. ; Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL, 233. Z). Meadia, Linn., var. frigidum, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. Crevices of rocks, summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5*700 feet, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3153.) D. Henderson!, Gray, Bot. Gaz., XI., 233. D. Meadia, Linn., var. macrocarpum, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. References credited, in Part II., to Dawson, Hill, Fletcher and Macoun, belong here. (3154.) D. Jeffrey!, Moore; Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL, 232. D. Meadia, Linn., var. lannfolium, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. On an island in the Praser at Kanaka Bar, B.C. (^Mill.) Abundant on mountains at Lytton, and Spence's Bridge, B.C , 1889. (JMacoun.) 386. CENTUNCULUS. (1453.) C. minimus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IL, 315. In boggy places, at Mount Stewart and Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island; in a pond on the Indian Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C. ; quite common at Sproat Lake and Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 341 783. VINCA, Linn. (PERIWINKLE.) (3155.) V. MINOR, Linn. ; Hooker, Student's Mora, 268. Escaped from gardens to roadsides at Kingston, Ont. (T. Walker.) 391. ASCLEPIAS. (1466.) A. speciosa, Ton-.; Macoun, Cat., II., 319. Very common in the valley of the Thompson Eiver, B.C., from Shuswap Lake to Lytton, on gravel benches and amongst sand, 1889. {Macoun.) 394. CENTIANA. (1488.) C. glauca, Pall. ; Macoun, Oat., II., 323. Quite common on the summit of the Gold Eange, north of GrifiQn Lake, B.C., altitude 7000 feet, 1889. (Macoun.) (1492.) C. sceptrum, Griseb.; Macoun, Cat., II., 323. In Westwood's swamp at the base of Mount Benson and in small swamps at Departure Bay, Nanaimo, and at Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island; also on Lulu Island at the mouth of the Eraser Eiver, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (1499.) C. linearis, Froel., var. latifolia, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 309. This variety differs from the var. lanceolata, Part II., 325, in having broad leaves, less tapering at the base and being more like a form of G. alba than G. linearis. Ten or twelve miles north of St. Stephen, Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.) Kaministiquia Eiver at Fort William, west of Lake Superior, 1889. (Dr. Britten.) The refei'ences to G. alba in Part II., 324, all, or nearly all, belong here. In Gray's Man., ed. VI., 351, the flowers are said to be blue. None of our specimens are that color, and the type of the variety was not blue. Var. lanceolata, Gray; Macoun, Cat., II., 325. Along Eupert Eiver, between Lake Mistassini and James Bay, N.B.T., 1885. (J. M. Macoun.) 342 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 784. ERYTHR/EA, Richard. (GENTUARY.) (3156.) E. Centaurium, Pers. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 34*7. (1890.) Sandy wastes on Sable Island off the coast of Kova Scotia. Collected July, 1810. (Mrs. Almond.) 403. COLLOMIA. (3151) C. grandiflora, Dougl.; Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 135. On grassy banks at Port Moody, B.C., 1885. (A. J. Mil.) Abundant in cultivated fields at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (1521.) C. gracilis, Dougl.; Macoun, Cat. II., 329. On gravel banks, Coldwater Eiver, and mountains south of Tulameen River; altitude 6000 feet, B.C. (Dawson.) Gravel banks along the Eraser and Thompson rivers from Yale to Kamloops, B.C. ; common on dry, rocky or gravelly soil at Goldstream, Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Lytton, B.C. (Fletcher.) (1522.) C. heterophylla, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 329. Very common on open slojjes on all the mountains at Goldstream, and along the IS'anaimo Railway, at many points, to Nanaimo, Van- couver Island ; rocky hills at Yale, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 404. CILIA. (1523.) C. linifolia, var. pharnaceoides, Gray; Macoun, Cat. II., 329. Twenty miles up the North Thompson. (J. M. Macoun.) On hard baked earth, where water had stood in spring, in low spots, on the north side of the Thompson River, at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (152*7.) C. aggregata, Spreng. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 330. Fivemilessouthof Allison's, Similkameen, B.C., Aug. 1888. (Dawson.) Amongst gravel at Penticten, at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (3158.) G. coRONOPiPOLLi, Pers. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 145. (Standing (Cypress.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 343 A gai-den escape. On a gravelly knoll by a roadside near Port Dover, ISTorfolk Co., Ont., Aug. 1888. (4. W. Henshaw.) There is no doubt but this is a garden escape, as it is often cultivated. (1529.) G. CAPiTATA, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 330. South of Shawnigan Lake, along the Nanaimo Eailway, Vancouver Island; gravelly slope at Sicamous, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.') (3159.) Gr. ACHiLLE^POLiA, Benth. ; Gray, Synop. I., 147. On the Nanaimo Railway, near Shawnigan Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.') It is probable that both the above species have been introduced with grain from Oregon. 406. HYDROPHYLLUM. (3160.) H. occidentale, Gray, var. Fendleri, Gray, Synop. Tl. I, 154. Grassy slopes, north-west of Spence's Bridge, altitude 3500 feet, B.C., 1889. {J. M. Macoun.) (1535.) H. capitatum, Dougl.; Macoun, Oat. II., 331. On mountains north-west of Spence's Bridge, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) (1536.) H. Virginicum, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., II., 331, & III., 567. Not uncommon in the valley of Goldstream, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, between the hotel and the sea, 1887. {Macoun.) 407. NEMOPHILA. (3161.) N. Menziesii, Hook. & Arn.; Gray, Synop. Fl.L, 156. Abundant on gravel on Cedar Hill and Mount Tolmie, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 410. ROMANZOFFIA. (1546.) R. Sitchensis, Bong.; Macoun, Cat. IL, 334. On stones in the stream that flows from Mount Arrows mith into Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island, about three miles from the lake, July, 1887. (Macoun.) 344 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 412. PECTOCARYA. (1548.) P. penicillata, A. DC; MacouE, Cat., II., 334. Quite common in dry soil at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) 413. CYNOCLOSSUM. (2195.) C. OCCidentale, Gray; Macoun, Cat., III., 56*7. In apiece of thick, damp, woods at Vernon, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 414. ECHINOSPERMUM. (3162.) E. hispidum, Gray, Synop. PL I., 422. On damp spots along the railway at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher, Macoun.) We follow Dj-. Gray in the Supplement to his Synoptical Flora, Vol. II., Part I., 422, in changing the genus EritricMum, Schrad., into the following genera : — 785. OMPHALODES, Tourn. (1558.) O. nana, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 262. Eritrichium nanwm, var. aretioides, Herder. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 336. The varieties are included in the species by Dr. Gray. 786. KRYNITZKIA, Fisch. & Meyer. (1559.) K. plebeia, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 266. Eritrichium plebeium, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. (1560.) K. Californica, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 266. Eritrichium Californicum, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. Along the Somas Eiver, Alberni, Vancouver Island. 188*7. (Macoun.) (1561.) K. Chorisiana, Gray,Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 26*7. Eritrichium Chorisianum, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. All the specimens collected around Victoria by Sill, Fletcher and Macoun are of this species. The reference in Part III., 568, is to the Lytton specimens. CATALOGTJE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 345 (1562.) K. Scouleri, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 267. Eritrichium, fvlvum, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. E. Scoula-i, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 568. Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.) Wet spots, " Half-way House," Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. 1881. (Macoun.) (1564.) K. leiocarpa, Pisch. & Meyer; G-ray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 2Y0. Eritrichium leiocarpum, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. Little Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (1565.) K. crassisepala, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 268. Eritrichium crasmepalum, Torr. & Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. This has not been collected of late years. (2198.) K. circumscissa, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 275. Eritrichium circumscissum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. III., 568. On very dry slopes at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (1566.) K. glomerata, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 279, Eritrichium glomcralum, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. This only includes the type and synonyms. The prairie specimens are chiefly of this species. (3163.) K. sericea, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX,, 279. Eritrichium glomcralum, DC, var. hvmile, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 338. Specimens chiefly from the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, belong here. (1567.) K.. leucopheea, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 279. Eritrichium leucophseum, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 338. Not yet found by Canadian collectors. 787. PLACIOBOTHRYS, Fisch. & Meyer. (1563.) P. tenellus, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 281. Eritrichium tmellum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337, & III., 568. Mount Tolmie, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macmn.) 23 346 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3164.) p. Torreyi, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 281. Eritrichium Torreyi, Gray; Macoun, Cat. III., 568. The specimens from Lytton, referred here, are correct. Abundant at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 418. MYOSOTIS. (1511.) M. PALusxRis, With. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 340. In wet places along the Fraser Eiver at Lulu Island, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 428. SOLANUM. (1608.) S. NIGRITM, Linn., var. villosum. Mill. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 228. On ballast heaps at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887; waste places around Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) Var. nodiflorum, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 228. In wheat fields at Agassiz, B.C. 1889. Possibly introduced. (Macoun.) 439. COLLINSIA. (1635.) C. parviflora, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. IL, 453, & III., 570. Guichon Creek, B.C. ; Glenora, Stikine Eiver, B.C. 188*7. (Dawson.) Agassiz, B.C., 1889; also on Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 440. SCROPHULARIA. (1636.) S. nodosa, Linn., var. Marilandica, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 380 ; Macoun, Cat. II., 354, in part. In the edition of the manual just cited, only one form of this species is described. As we have two forms of it, that were recognized and described by Pursh, Fl. II., 419, I now reproduce them, and append to the description of Pursh that of Mr. J. Dearness, Public School Inspe'.tor of London, Ont., who first drew my attention to them, and who has grown them side by side for three years. Leaves cordate rounded, at the base acutely sei-rate; petioles ciliate at the base ; panicle fasciculate loose-flowered ; flowers, greenish brown. The whole plant often four feet high. In flower from June to August. (Pursh.) Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate above ; broad at base cordate CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 341 to round, about equally deeply sen-ate. Flowers, lurid olive to brown. Usually solitary. Less than a foot high on 21 at May, 1889. Time of flowering, August, September, October. (JDearness.') Damp river bank at London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman, Dearness.). (3165.) S. lanceolata, Pursh, Fl. II., 419. Leaves lanceolate, unequally serrate, the serratures acuminate, acute at the base ; petioles naked ; panicle corymbose-fasciculate. Flowers, greenish yellow. In flower from August to September. (Pursh.) Leaves lanceolate from lowest to highest; deeply and unequally serrate or toothed ; acute at the base. Flowers green, tinged slightly with yellow. In flower June and July. Six or eight strong stalks from a horizontally spreading root. Four feet high on 21 st May, 1889. (JDearness.) Vicinity of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Biddulph Town- ship, Middlesex Co., Ont. (Dearness.) (3166.) S. Californica, Cham.; Gray, Synop. Fl.L, 258. The specimens referred here have the stems puberulent, with appressed hairs, which pass in the upper part of the stem and inflor- escense into stalked glands. The leaves, however, are more like S. nodosa, vai'. Marilandica, not being deeply serrate. China Creek, Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; in the valley of Eagle Eivor at Griffin Lake, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 443. MIMULUS. (1658.) M. moschatus, DoLigl.,var. sessilifolius, Gray, Suppl. Synop. Fl. 1., 446. In water along China Creek, Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island, Aug. 188Y. (Macoun.) 444. CRATIOLA. (1659.) C. ebracteata, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 358. Abundant in a field near the Bail way Station at Nanaimo, and occa- sionally in wet places at Wellington Mines, Vancouver Island ; in wet spots by the saw-mill at Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 446. LIMOSELLA. (1663.) L. aquatica, Linn., ym. tenuifolia, Hofim. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 359. 348 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Quito common in a salt mai-sh at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) Sable Island, 1 870. (Mrs. Almond.) 445. ILYSANTHES. (1661.) I. riparia, Eaf. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 385. /. gratioloides, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. 11., 359. Leamy's Lake, near Hull, Que. 1889. (^Macoun.) 451. CASTILLEIA. (316Y.) C. breviflora, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 299. In clumps, on dry hills, north of Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) On dry ground, Lower Arrow Lake, B.C.. 1889. (Dawson.) The specimens gathered at Osoyoos Lake, B.C., and referred to Orthocarpus tenuifolius, Part II., 366, belong here. 452. ORTHOCARPUS. (3168.) O. castilleioides, Benth.; Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 300. Quite common in wet meadows near the seashore, three miles below Alberni, on the Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island. 188Y. (Macoun.) 460. BOSCHNIAKIA. (1121.) B. Hookeri, Walp. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 374 & III, 518. Abundant on the roots of Gaultheria SJiallon, near the base of Mount Benson, Nanaimo ; also in woods along the Little Qualicum River, Vancouver Island, 1887. The greater number of the specimens were bright purple, but a few were quite pale. (Macoun.) 462. UTRICULARIA. (1732.) U. minor, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IL, 375. In a marsh at Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) (1733.) U. gibba, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IL, 375. In a muddy bay off a large pond at Westminster, near London, Ont. (Deamess.) CATATiOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTB. 349 I 463. PINCUICULA. (ItST.) P. villosa, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 376. Frances Eiver, Lat. 61°, N.W.T. 1887. (Dawson.) 468. VERBENA. (1748.) V. bracteosa, Miohx. ; Macoun, Oat. II., 379 & III., 574. On the shore of the river east of Point Edward, Ont., 1889. {Dearness.) Quite common at Spence's Bridge andKamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 470. TEUCRIUM. (2203.) T. occidentale, Gray; Macoun, Cat., TIL, 574. Low ground,_ London, Ont. 1880. (Burgess.) Amongst gravel along the Thompson Eivcr at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (3169.) T. BoTRYS, Linn.; Hook., Stud. Fl. 331. Introduced. Roadside near London, Ont. 1888. (Dearness.) (1750.) T. Canadense, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 380. Sandy woodlands at Point Pelee, Essex Co., Ont. 1886. (Burgess.) The localities mentioned under this No. in Part II., 380, belong partly to T. Canadense and partly to T. occidentale. In the absence of speci- mens, we cannot tell which is meant. 788. ELSHOLTZIA, Willd. (3170.) E. cRiSTATA, Willd. This is a curious exotic labiate, a native of Europe, and belonging near our genus CoUinsonia. Found growing in a clearing near a mill at Notre Dame du Lac, on the shore of Lake Temiscouata, Q. 1887. There was no doubt but that it was introduced. (John L. Northrop.) 476. PYCNANTHEMUM. (2205.) P. muticum, Pers., var. pilosum, Gray; Macoun, Cat, III., 574. Veiy common in old fields, woodlands and along roadsides near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. 1886. (Burgess.) 350 OEOLOaiOAL survey op CANADA. 475. HYSSOPUS. (1762.) H. OFFICINALIS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., II., 382. A white variety is quite common on the roadsides near the St. Lawrence and Ottawa railway station in Ottawa. {Fletcher Fl. Ott.') The purple variety by roadsides in London, Ont. (Vearness.) 482. MELISSA. (lYtl.) M. OFFICINALIS, Linn.; Macouii, Cat., II., 384. Growing in clumps by roadsides in Clinton, Huron Co., Ont. {Dearness) 489. SCUTELLARIA. (1788.) S. angustifolia, Pursh; Macoun, Cat., IL, 388. Moist ground near Yictoria, Vancouver Island. 1885. {Fletcher.') 789. BALLOTA, Linn. (FETID HOREHOUND.) (3171.) B. NIGRA, Linn. Black Horehound. Introduced. Growing on roadsides with Nepeta Cafmia at London, Ont. (Dearness.) 494. LAMIUM. (3172.) L. MACULAT0M, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 421. Escaped from gardens at London, Ont. (Dearness.) Both the white and the purple flowered varieties were found growing wild in the streets of Stratford, Onl. 1886. (Burgess.) (1795). L. AMPLEXicAULE, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 390. Common iti gardens in Toronto and London, Ont. (Dearness.) (1796.) L. PURPUREUM, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 390. Escaped from gardens, London and Wallaceburg, Ont. (Dearness.) 497. PLANTACO. (1807.) P. macrocarpa, Cham. & Schl. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 392. On the portage between Alberni and Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 351 504. ACNIDA- (1829.) A. tuberculata, Moq., var. subnuda, Watson; Macoun, Cat. III., 397. It is probable that part of the localities referred to the species in Part III. belong to this variety, which is very common on the north side of the bridge over Brigham's Creek, leading to Hull Cemetery, near Ottawa. (Macoun.) 790. KOCHIA, Roth. (3173.) K. SCOPARIA, Schrad. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 431. In waste lots on Sparks street, west of Bank street, Ottawa, 1882. (Fletcher, FL, Ott.) 506. CHENOPODIUM. (3174.) C. Fremonti, Watson, Bot. King's Exp., 287. Among sand hills at the source of the Qu'Appelle Eiver, Assiniboia, 1879; also on the Indian Eeservation, at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) Near llegina, Assiniboia. (Fletcher.) (1838.) C. Bonus-Henricus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 400. By roadsides at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) Streets of Clinton, Huron Co., Ont. 1889. (Dearness.) (1840.) C. rubrum, Linn., var. humile, Moquin ; Macoun, Cat. III., 400. On dried up brackish mud, frequent around Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (3175.) C. MURALE, Linn. ; Gray, Man,, ed. VI., 432. Introduced in ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. 1 887. (Macoun.) 507. ATRIPLEX (1841.) A. patulum, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 401. On ballast heaps at Nanaimo, and on sea beaches at Qualicum, Van- couver Island, 1887 ; sands, Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 352 GEOLOGICAL STIRVET OF CANADA. Var. hastatum, Gray; Macoun, Cat. III., 401. BrackishmudatKamloops, B.C., 1889; common along the Vancouver Island • coast at Victoria, Nanairao, Qualicum and Alberni. 1 887. (Macoun.) Var. littorale, Gray; Macoun, Cat. III., 401. On sand at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888; Burrard Inlet, at Vancouver City, B.C., 1889 ; sea beach at Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 509. CORISPERMUM. (1851.) C. hyssopifolium, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 403. Quite common at the north end of Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 791. AXYRIS, Linn. (31tfi.} A. AMAEANTHOiDEs, Linn. Eoadside, ten miles west of Winnipeg, Man., 1886. (Fletcher.) Introduced. 518. POLYGONUM. (1871.) P. minimum, "Watson; Macoun, Cat, III., 408. Quite common on gravel ard sand at the outlet of Griffin Lake, B.C., and in the bed of the mountain torrent flowing into the lake at the same place. 1 889. (Macoun.) (1875.) P. coarctatum, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat, III., 408. Not uncommon at Goldstream, Cowichan, Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island ; abundant in the Eraser valley at Yale, Lytton and on the Thompson at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C., in dry gravel , and sand. 1889. (Macoun.) (3177.) P. Douglasii, Greene. On slopes of dry hills at Sicamous, B.C., July 3rd, 1889. (Macoun.) (3178.) P. intermedium, Nutt In crevices of rocks on the summit of Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, altitude 3300 feet. 1887. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 353 (ISTS.) P. lapathifolium, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 440. P. nodosum, Pers. & P. incarnatwm, Macoun, dat. III., 409, in part. Spikes oblong to linear (J-2 in. long), dense, erect, or nearly so. Our herbai-ium specimens are from Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; Norton, N.B. ; Lake Nepigon, Out. ; Qu'Appelle, and Devil's Lake, Assiniboia ; Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains ; Indian Eeservation, Kamloops, B.C. ; and Cowichan Eiver, Yancouver Island. (Macoun.) Var. incarnatum, Watson, Gray, Man., ed. VL, 440. P. incarnatum, Macoun, Cat., III., 409. Spikes more slender and elongated (2-4 in. long), nodding. Our herbarium specimens are from Hull near Ottawa; Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; Kew Gardens, Toronto ; Saskatchewan Eiver ; and Port Moody, B.C. (Manoun.) Var. incanum, Koch.; Macoun, Cat, III., 410. Leaves small, obtusish, more or less hoary beneath, with floccose tomentum ; spikes short. Our specimens are from Seymour, Jifor- thumberland Co., Ont. ; Gull Island, Lake ISTepigon ; Muskeg Island, Lake Winnipeg ; Medicine Hat, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) (1880.) P. Muhlenbergii, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 441. P. Muhlenbergii, Macoun, Cat., III., 410, in part. Decumbent or sub-erect, scabrous with short appressed hairs. Wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess.) On the Indian Eeservation, Kam- loops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) The latter specimens are without flowers and much more hairy than those from London. (33Y9.) P. emersum, Muhl. ? Differs from P. Muhlenbergii, in having the leaves much rougher with appressed hairs ; lower sheaths and petioles quite smooth and the upper part of the stem and flower spike covered with glandular hairs. Under side of petiole and midrib of leaf quite hairy. Our speci- mens are from Short Creek and Moose Jaw and Thunder creeks ; also Tail Creek and Belly Eiver. This is the common Polygonum along all the streams throughout the prairie region. 354 GEOLOGtCAL STTRVET OP CANADA. 519. FACOPYRUM. (1900.) P. Tartaricom, Grsertn. (India-Wheat.) Polygonum Tartaricum, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat, III., 414. An occasional escape from cultivation on waste heaps around cities. 521. RUMEX. (1905.) E. Patientia, Linn.; Macoun, Cat, III., 415. Not uncommon along Carling's Creek, London, Ont. 1889. {Dearness.) (1906.) R. Brittanica, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 438. i?. orbicukUw, Gray ; Macoun, Cat, III., 415. Distinguished from B. occidentalis, by the valves being grain-bearing, whereas in that species they are naked. 532. EUPHORBIA. (1943.) E. Preslii, Guss. ; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 453. E. hyperldfolia, Macoun, Cat, III., 427. We have no Canadian specimens of this species in our herbarium. (3180.) E. BsuLA, Linn. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 456. Introduced along the banks of Bayfield Eiver, Huron Co., Ont. 1889. (B^arness.) 792. MACLURA, Nutt. (OSAGE ORANGE.) (3181.) M. AURANTiACA, Nutt. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 464. Cultivated for hedges in south-western Ontario. Becoming wild in Essex County. (Macoun.) 540. URTICA. (1956.) U. Lyallii, Watson; Macoun, Cat, III., 430. Abundant -in the valley of the Eraser from Agassiz to the coast ; also at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PT.ANTS. 355 (195Y.) U. holosericea, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat., III., 431. The specimens referred here in Part III., 431, belong to U. Lyallii. GuicLon Creek, Nicola Valley, B.C. {Dawson.') In wet places at Vernon at the head of Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) 548. MYRICA. (1970.) M. Gale, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., IIL, 434. This species is common along lake margins in northern British Columbia ; along Burnaby Lake, near New Westminster, and very common on Vancouver Island, {Macoun.) 550. ALNUS. (1983.) A. rubra, Bongard ; Macoun, Cat, III., 437. Frances Lake, Lat. 61°, N.W.T. 1887. {Dawson.) Along the Thompson Eiver at Spence's Bridge, B.C. ; shore of Home Lake, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 553. CORYLUS. (1989.) C. rostrata, Ait., var. Californica, A.DC., Bot. Calif, II., 101. Very common at Sicamous and Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lake ; and Agassiz, B.C.; common on Vancouver Island at Goldstream. 1887. {Macoun.) 554. QUERCUS. (1992.) Q. Carryana, Douglas ; Macoun, Cat. Ill,, 440. Since the publication of Part III., the question has been raised whether E, Brown's Q. Jacohi is a good species or not. In August, 1887, I collected fine specimens of the oak on Sir James Douglas's lawn in Victoria, Vancouver Island, upon which Mr. Brown founded his species. Part of these specimens wei'e submitted to Professor Sargenti and by him referred to Q. Garryana. I had collected specimens of the oak on other parts of the island, and could see no difference between them, so I fully agreed with Prof. Sargent that Mr. Brown's species could not stand. In March last (1890), Eev. E. L. Gi-eene, Berkeley, Cal., asked me to send him specimens of the Vancouver Island Oak. I did so ; and he 356 GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OF CANADA. writes that all the specimens sent #,re Quercus Jacohi, E. Brown, and quite distinct from the Oregon Q. Garryana. It is therefore probable that the Vancouver Island Oak will become Q. Jacohi, instead of Q. Garryana. (1993.) Q. stellata, Wang.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 4'75. Q. obtusiloha, Michx. ; Macoun, Cat, III., 440. "We are still doubtful of the occurrence of this trepwitliin our limits. (1999.) Q. coccinea, Wang., var. ambigi^a, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 478. Q . amUgva, Michx. ; Pursh Fl. II., 630- Q. rubra, Macoun, Cat., III., 442, in part. In the new edition of Gray's Manual this variety is said to extend along the north-eastern borders of Lake Champlain and northward. This being the case, the Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and most of the Quebec Q. rubra becomes this variety. Collectors in these provinces should collect a good series of fruiting specimens to determine this. 555. CASTANEA. (2002.) C. sativ^, Mill., var. Americana, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 4Y9. Eeferences under C. vulgaris, var. Americana, Macoun, Cat., III., 443, belong here. 557. SALIX. (2007.) S. Brownii, Bebb. ; Bot. Gaz., XIV, 444. S. arciica, R. Brown, Bot Eoss. Voy., ed. II., 194; Hook., Fl. II., 152; Macoun, Cat III., 444, in part. " Omit synonym S. cordifolia, Hook. The localities given in Part III. are all correct, excepting ' Kotzebue Sound and Ounalashka {Bothr., Alaska.),' which almost certainly belong to S. arctica, Pallas (not E. Br.)." (Bebb.) South Twin Island, James Bay, 1 887 ; shore of Hudson Bay, Lat. 55°-56°, 1886. (J. M. Macoun.) Mountains between Peel Eiver and La Pierre's House, -Arctic Circle, 1888. (McConnell.) (2008.) S. argyocarpa, Anders.; Macoun, Cat. III., 445. " Eichardson's locality, 'Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie,' were better omitted. There is no trace of this species among his collections that I have seen, and no evidence, at least in American herberia, that CATALOaUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 351 it grows anywhere in the North-West. 'Nepigon Eiver, Lake Superior,' I would omit also ; the specimens upon which it was given being of very doubtful determination." (Behb.) (2009.) S. Barrattiana, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 445. " Omit ' Old Man Eiver and South Kootanie Pass,' and add : ' in all thickets at high elevations. Kicking Horse Lake. (Macoun) ' ; a redis- covery after the lapse of fifty years of a most remarkable species." (Bebb., Bot. Gas., XIY., 51.) (2011.) For S. Barcleyi, Anders,, Macoun, Ca*. III., 445, read S. Barclayi, Anders. (2019 & 2038.) S. phyllicoides, Anders., Sal. Bor.-Amer., 18; Bebb. Bot. Gaz., XIII., 186 ; Macoun, Cat. Ill,, 453. S. fvlcrata, var. mb-glauca, Anders. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 448. Arctic North America. (Seeman, Bichardson.) Point Barrow. (Murdoch, Oldmixon.') Kuskokosin Yalley, Alaska. (Weinmann.) Shumagin Islands. (Harrington.) Nushagak. (McKay.) The localities are all fui-nished by Mr. Bebb. (2020.) S. flavescens, Nutt., var. tenuijulis, Anders. Very common in many places on Vancouver Island in wot places by lakes and rivers and marshes. Collected at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Gordon Head, Goldstream, Nanaimo, Cameron Lake, Alberni, and Salt Spring Island. 1 SST. (Macoun.) Var. Scouleriana, Bebb; Macoun, Cat. III., 44^. Stikine Eiver, B.C., above the canyon, 188Y. (Dawson.) Lost Lake, Cedar Hill and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887; also at Lytton, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2022.) S. herbacea, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 449. " This species is not known to occur on the west side of the continent, and I would not hesitate to strike out ' Northwest Coast (Nelson).'" (Bebb.) Our Eocky Mountain specimens are all S. arctica, var. petrma, and are therefore struck out. (Macoun.) (2023.) S. Hookeriana, Barratt ; Macoun, Cat. 111., 449. " Strike out the Saskatchewan habitat. We have now the explicit 358 GEOLOSICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. statement in Dr. Barratt'e own handwriting that the type specimens were collected on the Northwest doast hy Dr. Scouler 1" (Bebb.) Very abundant on Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Nanaimo, 1881; common around Burrard Inlet, and in the Praser Valley, as far as Agassiz, B.C., 188*7. {Macoun.) In the Fraser Valley specimens, Mr. Bebb found the capsules tomentose becoming smooth at the base. (2024.) S. humilis, Marshall; Macoun, Cat,, III., 449. " Omit the Rocky Mountains locality. It it clear outside the known range of the species given on leaves only and doubtless a mistake." {Bebb.) (2025.) S. arbusculoides, Anders., Monog. Sal., 147. S. humiUima, Anders. ; Macoun, Cat., III., 449. S. aculifolia, Hook. Fl. II., 150. Prince Albert Sound. {Mieschring.) Eae Eiver. (Dr. Rae.) Sas- katchewan to Fort Franklin on the Mackenzie Eiver. {Hooh. Fl.) Marshes near the Eocky Mountains. {Drummond.) (2026.) S. lasiandra, Benth., var. typica, Bebb.; Macoun, Cat., III., 449. Abundant in thickets at Cedar Hill and Langford Lake, near Gold- stream, Vancouver Island. 1887. {Macoun.) Var. lancifolia, Bebb.; Macoun, Cat., III., 450. Quito common in the neighbourhood of Victoria, Vancouver Island. Many of the trees are of largo size ; abundant at Agassiz and New West- minster, B.C. 1SS9. {Macoun.) Shore of Burrard Inlet at Vancouver City. {Prof. Fowler.) Var. Fendleriana, Bebb. Shore of Shuswap Lake, B.C., near Scotch Creek, June, 1 {Macoun.) (2031.) S. myrtillifolia, Anders., Sal. Bor.-Araer., 28. S. Novx-Anglicc, Anders., Sal. Monog., 100, & DC. Prod., 16', 253, mainly. .S'. myrsinites, Hook. Fl. II., 151, mainly. This may be considered to include all the forms included in No. 2031, Part III., 452. Throughout the region of the Canadian Lakes CATALOaUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 359 from north of the Lake of the Woods (B. Bell) to Great Bear Lake. (Bichardson.) " Common on the Portage of the Grand Eapid of the Saskatchewan, near Lake Winnipeg." (Douglas.) Pic Eiver, Lake Superior; and in swampy spots from Edmonton to the Athabasca Eiver, at Fort Assiniboine, (Macoun.) Clearwater Eiver, Lat. 5t°, N.W.T., 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) Along streams in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains. (Brummond.) (2034.) S. arctica, Pallas, Fl. Boss 2\ 86; Bebb, Bot. Gaz., XIV., 115. S. Pattam, Anders., DC. Prod. 16 '\ 285. )S. crasdjulis, Trev., ex Traut. Sal. frigid, 308. iS diplodiclya, Traut., Sal. frigid, 307. This species includes No. 2034 and its varieties, Part III., 452. Alaska and adjacent islands on the tops of high hills; Nulaska. (Kellogg, Harrington, EschoUz.) Shumagin Islands. (Harrington.) ISTushagak. (McKay.) Semidi Islands. (Ball.) Doubtless this species will be found on Queen Charlotte Islands. (2036.) S. phlebophylla, Anders. ; Macoun, Cat. IIL, 452. "A species of high Arctic distribution in western rather than in eastern British America. The station, 'Eastern summit of North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains,' should be omitted ; even Eothrock's localities, south of Behring's Strait, are very doubtful. Much confusion has arisen from Anderson's having at first distributed one of Dr. Lyall's Cascade Mountain Willows as S. phlebophylla, the same plant that afterwards served as the type of his S. tenera, N. Sp., in reality only a form (by no means rare) of S. Brownii." (Bebb.) (2043.) S. RJchardsoni, Hooker.; Macoun, Cat. IIL, 454. Eepulse Bay. (Parry.) Crevices in rocks, Nachvak, coast of Labrador. (B. Bell.) Var. Macouniana, Bebb, Bot. Gaz., XIV., 50, PI. 9. Leaves orbicular, the earliest obovatc, quite entire, less than one inch long and broad, covered when young with floccose hairs, especially on the upper surface, soon smooth, dark green and somewhat shining above, paler and reticulate-veined beneath ; aments small for the group, whitish-silky with just a shade of fnlvous in the male, scales obtuse, stigmas entire, otherwise as in the type. (Bebb.) A small compact bush, 2 to 4 feet high, with just the habit of a garden currant, growing 360 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. in peaty soil by a small pond in company with S. Brownii.. South Twin Island, James Bay, July ITth, 1887. {J. M. Macoun.) (2046.) S. speciosa, Hook. & Arn. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 454. Upper Liard Eiver, N.W.T., Lat. 60°. (Dawson.) Fifty miles below Good Hope, Mackenzie Eiver, 1888. (McConnell.) " Forks of Dean Eiver, 8 to 12 feet high." (Dr. Bichardson.) (3182.) S. macrocarpa, Nutt. Very common in wet thickets in the district around Victoria, Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.') (3183.) S. monticola, Bebb; Coutler, Man. Eock. Mount. Fl. 336. " Leaves oblong-lanceolate, the earliest obovate, acute 3 to 6 inches long, 1 to If inches wide, glabrous, rigid and glaucous beneath, or thin and pale beneath, unevenly crenate or serrulate ; stipules large, semi- cordate, acute ; buds large, ovate and beaked at the tip ; anients thick, densely flowered, sessile ; males closely so ; females with a few broad bracts at base, when in flower about an inch long, lengthening in fruit to 1^^ to 2 inches ; scales oval, obtuse, clothed with long yellowish-white silky hairs ; capsules ovate-conical, glabrous, sessile or nearly so ; style elongated ; stigmas erect, bifid or entire. A densely cespitose shrub, 8 to 12 feet high, stem 1 to 2 inches in diameter." Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains, Aug. 14, 1883. (Dawson.) These specimens were referred to S. Barrattiana in Part III., 445. A few fragments of what has been considered this species were collected on the Eocky Mountains at Kicking Horse Lake, July, 1885. (Macoun.) (3184.) S. commutata, Bebb., Bot. Gaz., XIII., 110. " A diffuse alpine shrub of variable stature, commonly 3 to 4 feet in height, in sheltered localities 8 to 10 feet, often much dwarfed by altitude and exposure ; leaves broadly oblanceolate or oblong, abruptly pointed, cuspidate, tapering toward the roundish base, at first covered more or less with a dense silky tomentum, downy even when fully grown ; older and lower leaves becoming smtooth, green both sides (not glaucous beneath), margin entire or (under a lens) minutely glandular- serrulate ; leaves of sterile shoots ample, 3 to 4 inches long, varying to cordate-ovate, thinnish in texture ; stipules large, ovate, glandular- serrate; aments on stout lealy peduncles, with 4 to '7 ovate or oblance- olate leaves, erect, densely flowered, an inch long ; fertile in fruit 2 inches, compact cylindrical; scale thin, pale or brownish, obtuse, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 361 ■woolly; capsule ovate-conioal, glabrouH, greenish or rufesceut; pedicel pubescent, 2 to 3 times the length of the nectary; style medium, stigmas small, erect, entire." Boggy places on the summit of Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.C. Alt. 6500, July 25, 1889. (,/. M. Macoun.) (3185.) S. conjuncta, Bebb, Bot. Gaz., XIIL, 111. " Leaves of the flowering branches elliptic or obovate, sub-acute, 1 to IJ in. long; leaves of the sterile branches ample, 2 to 4 in', long, 1 to 2 in. wide, ovate-lanceolato, cuspidate-acuminate, attenuate or rounded at base ; stipules large, ovate, acute; all glabrous or at tii'st thinly over- spread on the upper surface with evanescent floccose hairs, at length rigid, scarcely paler or rarely sub-glaucous beneath, young drying black, margins finely and evenly crenate-serrulate ; aments borne on stout leafy peduncles, large, thick, 1 to 2 in. long ; fertile, becoming rather loose and flexuous in fruit (lengthening sometimes to 3 in. ) ; scale acutish, dark, villose with crisp hairs, sometimes densely or again thinly hairy or quite naked at the tip ; capsule glabrous, rostrate from an ovate base ; pedicel three times the length of the nectary ; style medium or elongated, about equalling the pedicel, stigmas short, entire or bifid." Summit of South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains ; and Cassiar Trail, 20 miles north-west of Dease Lake, !N".W.T. {Dawson.^ Mountains around Kicking Horse Lake and the summit of the Selkirks ; also on the summit of the Gold Eange north of Griffin Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. {Macoun.) Summit of Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.O. (./ M. Macoun.') Kodiak. {Kellogg.) The articles published by Mr. M. S. Bebb in the Botanical Gazette, on the North American Willows, should be consulted in connection with this genus. 563. JUNIPERUS. (2068.) J. communis, Linn., var. alpina, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. Ill, 462. On mountains at Spence's Bridge, B.C. ; summits of mounts Benson, Mark and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 564. TAXUS. (2070.) T. brevifolia, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IIL, 463. Assuming the form of a small tree, between Sproat'g Landing and ]S"elson, and on Kootanie Lake, B,C. {Dawson.') 24 ■ 362 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OP CANADA. 565. PINUS. (2015.) P. albicaulis, Engelm. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 465. Generally abundant in southern intei-ior of British Columbia, be- tween heights of 5000-6000 feet ; Toad Mountain and vicinity to 7000 feet. (Dawson.) (2071.) P. ponderosa, Dougl., var. scopulorum, Bngelm. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 466. From near the head of Lower Arrow Lake, southward, and all along Kootanie Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) 566. PICEA. (2082.) P. nigra, Link. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 468. Since the publication of Part III., we have made extensive collections in Prince Edward Island, and having observed the so-called species, P. nigra and P. rubra, growing together, we are satisfied that they are distinct enough to be sepaiated as a species and variety. In Gray, Man., ed. VI., 492, P. rubra is admitted as a variety, and we now write it as : — Var. rubra, Bngel. ; Gardn. Chron. (N.S.), XL, 1879. Difi'ers from the species in having darker and larger leaves ; larger^ bright red-brown cones, which are more readily deciduous after maturitj'. (Engelm.) It is more than probable that in the far North- west we have a species or variety that is also distinct from the typical eastern P. nigra. This form has large ovoid cones, which are deep j)urple, and without the brownish tint of those from the east. 567. TSUCA. (2088.) T. Pattoniana, Bngelm; Macoun, Cat. III., 472. On the higher slopes of the mountains at the Glacier Hotel, Selkirk Summit; also on the summit of Mount Benson (alt. 3000 feet), Mount Mark (alt. 3300 feet), and Mount Arrowsmith (alt. 5500 feet), Van- couver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) In valleys of the Coast Eange at head of Chilkoot Inlet (Lat. 59° 30'), and on the Chilkoot Pass to CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 363 over 3000 feet altitude. (Dawson.) It is very probable that this species is found on all summits on Vancouver Island, over 2500 feet high. 769. ABIES. (2093.) A. amabilis, Forbes; Macoun, Cat. III., 475. Abundant, in company with T. Pattoniana, on the summits of mounts Mark, Benson and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 188*7 ; not observed on the mountains of the mainland in 1889. (Macoun.) 570. LARIX. (2094.) L. Americana, Michx. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 4t5. Extends west of the Eocky Mountains in the Liard Valley to Lat. 61° 55", Long. 130°. (Dawson.) (2095.) L. occidentalis, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 4Y5. On the mountain side, east of Sicamous, about 500 feet above the lake. 1889. , (Macoun.) From about half-way down the Upper Arrow Lake, southward along the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; on Koo- tanie Lake, to the north end, and farther. (Dawson.) 591. CORALLORHIZA. (221T.) C. odontorhiza, JSTutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 5. Eather common in moist woods at Plover Mills, Middlesex Co., Ont. (B. Elliott.) 600. HABENARIA. (2249.) H. elegans, Bolander; Macoun, Cat. IV., 17. On the mountain side at Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2258.) H. psycodes, Gray; Macoun, Oat. IV., 19. A form with deeply laciniate lip, and the flowers more erect and in a narrower spike than usual (in this respect approaching H. lacera), was found in a wet meadow at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, July 19th, 1883. These plants, which had pm-ple flowers, are, I fancy, hybrids between M. psycodes and if. lacera, both of which were abundant in the 364 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. same meadow. Prof. Eaton, to whom specimens were referred, was much struck witih their peculiar appearance. (^Burgess.) 60I. CYPRIPEDIUM. (2261.) C. parviflorum, Salisb. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 20. North Thompson Eiver, 25 miles north of Kamloops, B.C. Alt. 3000 feet. 1889. (J. McEvoy.) (2265.) C. montanum, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 22. Abundant in grass at the station yard at Agassiz ; and on the hill- sides at Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (^Macoun.) 603. IRIS. (2212.) i. prismatica, Pursh ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 514. I. Virginica, Macoun, Cat. IV., 24. Collected at New Harbor, Newfoundland. (iJeu. A. G. Waghome.) 604. SISYRINCHIUM. (2216.) S. angustifolium, Mill.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 515. Eeferences under S. mucronatum, Michx., Part IV., 25, belong here. 793. MUSCARI, Tour. (GRAPE-HYACINTH.) (3186.) M. BOTRTOiDES, Mill. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 523. Grand Trunk Eailway track, between Hamilton and Dundas, May, 1888. (Mr. G-albraith.) Burlington, near Hamilton, Ont. (Burgess.) Evidently escaped from gardens. 611. SMILICINA. (2291.) S. racemosa, Desf ; Macoun, Cat. IV, 31. The specimens gathered on Vancouver Island in 1887, and referred doubtfully to S. ampleoncaulis, belong/ here. Port Haney and other places in the Fraser Valley, B.C., 1889, S. amplexicaulis not seen, (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 365 (2290.) S.sessilifolia, ISTutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 31. Specimens collected in 1889, at Agassiz and Spence's Bridge, B.C., have the flexuoiis stem and distichous leaves of this species. They are quite distinct from S. stellata, of the Eocky Mountains and eastward. (Maeoun.') 619. ERYTHRONIUM. (2323.) E. grand iflorum, var. (?) albiflorutn, Hook.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 41. Common in i-ich woods along the Hastings and New Westminster Road at Burnaby Lake, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Var. giganteum, Hook.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 42. Very abundant at Sicamous, and in fine flower April 3rd, ] 889 ; common on mountain slopes around Shuswap Lake, and on mountains in the Gold Eange at Griffin Lake, B.C., 1889. Flowers very large and bright yellow. Quite distinct from the Coast and Vancouver Island form. {Macoun.) 623. XEROPHYLLUM. (2328.) X. tenax, Kutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 43. On Toad Mountain, 6000 feet. West Kootanie, B.C., 1889. {Dawson.) 794. OAKESIA, Watson. (2335.) O. sessilifolia, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 528. Uwlaria sessilifolia, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 45. Dr. Watson in the new manual makes the above new genus to in- clude this and another species. 637. JUNCUS. (2358.) J. effusus, Linn., var. brunneus, Engelm. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 55. Abundant, growing in tufts at Hastings and Port Moody, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) (2359.) J. flliformis, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 55. Growing in profusion at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) 360 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2363.) J. Orummondii, B. Meyer; Macoun, Cat. IV., 51. Plateau east of Adam's Lake, B.C. Alt. 6000 feet. 1888. (Dawson.) Abundant on Mount Queest and other summits of the Gold Eange, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) (2313.) J. Cerardi, Lois.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 60. In salt marshes along both sides of Burrard Inlet, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2375.) J. falcatus, B. Meyer, var. paniculatus, Bngelm, Trans. Acad. St. Louis. Abundant in grassy places, shore of Shawnagin Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (2376.) J. longistylis, Torrey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 60. In a marsh at Penticten, at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (3187.) J. oxymeris, Bngelm., Tr.ans. Acad. St. Louis. This is what was referred to ,/. xiphioides, var. Uttoralis, in Part TV., 65. Mr. F. V. Coville, of the Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, DC, informs me that my specimens distributed as above are I'eally this species. (3188.) J. Bolanderi, Bngelm., Trans. Acad., St. Louis. /. xiphioide.% var. macranthus, Macoun, Cat, IV., 65, in part. Some of the specimens distributed as var. macranthus are of this species while others are quite correct. Those collected at Lost Lake near Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island, have the knotted almost terete leaves that distinguish the species from every form of J. xiphioides. 638. LUZULA. (2389.) L. spadicea, DC. ; Macoun, Cat., IV., 65. On the summit of Mount Queest, and on the mountains north of Griffin Lake in the Gold Range, B.C. Alt. GOOO to 7000 feet. 1889. (Macoun.) This is the first record we have of the type in Canada. It is quite distinct from var. parvifiora, the flowers being twice as large. CATALOGUE OT CANADIAN PLANTS. 361 (2391.) L. vernal is, DC. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 546. L. pilosa, Willd. ; Macoun, Cat., IV., 67. Changed in Gray's new Manual. A very appropriate name. 640. SPARCANIUM. (2401.) S. simplex, Huds. ; Macoun, Cat., IV., 10. In marshes in many parts of Prince Edward Island, 1888 ; abun- dant at Agassiz, in the Praser valley, and at Craigellachie in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (^Macoun.) Var. Nuttallii, Bngelm. In marshes at Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) Mr. Beeby doubtfully refers this specimen here. Var. acaule, Beeby, MS. " Stem three inches from crown of root to apex of male spike, female heads 2-3, closely agglomerated, partlj' hidden by the leaf bases. Leaves erect, rigid, a foot high, (l^hree times longer than the flower stem.)" (Beeby.) Quite common in ponds and wet spots by the road- side in many parts of Prince Edward island, especially at Lake Verde, Brackley Point and Winter Eiver. 1888. (Macoun.) I believe this to be a good variety as there was no local reason for the peculiar growth. Var. longissimum. Fries. Abundant in still water, Spallumsheon River at Bnderby, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in Griffin Lake in the Gold Eange, B.C. (Macoun.) I believe that much of our 8. affine belongs here, especially those forms with floating stems and leaves. (2402.) S. afFlne, Schnitziein; Macoun, Cat., IV., TO. In pools on the mountains at the head of Nicoamen River, B.C. Alt. 6000 feet. 1889. (Dawson.) In a pool on Mount Arrowsmith, Van- couver Island. Alt. 5000 feet. ISST. (Macoun.)^ This is an alpine form of the species. (Beeby.) (2404.) S. minimum. Pries.; Macoun, Cat. IV., TO. In bogs, Metby River, Lat. 56°, K.W.T. 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in ponds at Craigellachie, Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 368 GEOLOGtCAL SURVEY OF OANABA. 641. ARIS/EMA. (2406.) A. Dracontium, Schott.; Macoun, Ctit. IV., TB. On a flat in Delaware Township near London, Ont. 1889. {Mr. H. D. Johnsm.) On an island in the Sydenham Eiver, near Strathroy, Ont. (JDeamess.) 642. PELTANDRA. (2407.) P. undulata, Eaf. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 72. P. Virginica, Macoun, Cat. IV., 72. Very local in its distribution. Should be looked for in western Ontario. 647 LEMNA. A species of this genus resembling Spirodela 'polyrrhiza in color, but having the general appearance of L. minor, and with more than one root was common "in ponds at Agassiz, B.C., May 20th, 1889. Foi- the present this foi'm must remain without a name or number. 795. SPIRODELA, Schleiden. (2414.) S. polyrrhiza, Schleid.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 552. Lemna polyrrhiza, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 75. In still water at Sicamous, Agassiz, and Port Ilaney, B.C. 1889. (^Macoun.) 648. WOLFFIA. (2415.) W. Columbiana, Karsten; Macoun, Cat. TV., 76. In a bay of Lake Ontario, west of Niagara Town, in company with \V. Brasiliensis, Weddell. 1889. (Bearness.) 650. SACITTARIA. (2418.) S. variabilis, Engelm. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 77. Abundant in the South Thompson Eiver at Kamloops, B C. 1888. (^Dawson.) In marshy spots subject to tide action along the lower CATALOGUE OF OAMAMAN PLANTS. 369 Fraser opposite Lulu Island ; also on the Indian Eeservation at Kam- loops and eastward np the South Thompson, and the whole length of Shuswap Lake, and up the Spallumsheen River to, and beyond Enderby, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 656. POTAMOCETON. (2430.) P. Pennsylvanicus, Cham. ; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 559. P. Claytonii, Tuckerman ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 82. In the Kaministiquia Eiver near Port William, Lake Superior. 1889. (Dr. Britten.) Eiviere des Aulnais, Q. {St. Cyr.) (2434.) P. alpinus, Balbis (1804); Bennett, Letter, March 3, 1890. P. rufescens, Schrad. (1815) ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 83. " The specimens from ' Ounalashka,' (Herb., Berlin) were named P. microstachys, Wolfgang in EoBni. & Schultze, Veg. Sys., Mant. 3, p. 360 (1827) ; but the specimens are only a var. (?) or form of P. rufescens, Schrad. This name, P. rufescens, will probably have to give way. There are three, certainly, if not more, prior names; but it is not settled yet which is the earliest. I have a Greenland specimen of P. rufescens." (Bennett, 1888.) Anstey's Creek, Shuswap Lake ; and Bonaparte Eiver, B.C. (/. M. Macoun.) Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2435.) P. fluitans, Eoth. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 560. P. loncUtes, Tuck. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 83. Mr. Morong considers this P. lonchites or var. Americanus of that species ; but Mr. Bennett, of Croydon, thinks it is P. pumilus, Wolfgang. This would date fi'om 1827. Eoem. et Schultze, Sys. Veg. Mant. 3. A plant provisionally referred here is spoken of by Mi". Bennett, as below : — "Your plant (No. 21) is like a specimen from Silesia, in Prussia, named 'P. natans var. i^rolixus, Koch, = P- serotinus, Shrad., but your plant has the leaves narrower, and larger, and the stipules shorter, and must be studied and described later. A further ex- amination of your specimens shows them to be much like a plant in Wallich's hei'b. from India, named ' P. didymus, Wall., Napalia, 1821 ;' but there is no fi'uit on his specimen. This, anyhow, seems to fall under P. fluitans as an aggregate species. After a good deal of com- paring with all the natans group, T can come to no other result than 370 QEOLOaiCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. that this (No. 21) is a form of P- lonchites, Tuckerman. The only actual difference is the shining lower leaves, but this and its peculiar yellow-brown colour may be produced by some local influence ? But the stipules of your plant at once remove it from any form of P. lucens (P. longif alius, Gaudickaudi, &c.) Is the difference enough to call it a form ?" (Bennett, Letter, March 3rd, 1890.) (2431.) P. heterophyllus, Schreb.; Gray, Man. VI., 561. P. gramineus and var. heterophyllus, Macoun, Cat. IV., 84. Both Mr. Bennett and Mr. Morong combine these, and prefer Schreber's name, as it is specific and well understood. (2439.) P. Zizii, Both, (not Mertens & Koch.) Mr. Bennett writes that Mertens & Koch published this as a vai-iety, not as a species. Roth was the first to do this. It is not improbable that it has a prior name: P. angustifolia, Presl. Bather common in Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) Var. Methyensis, Bennett, MS. Methy Lake, near Metliy Portage, Lat. 51°, 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) (2441.) P. perfoliatus, Linn., var. Richardsonii, Bennett, MS. P. perfoliatus, Linn., var. lanceolatus. Bobbins; Macoun, Cat. IV., 85. " Dr. Bobbins published this name in Gray, Man., ed. V., 488 ; but it is pre-occupied by Blytt in Norgos Flora, 1861, for a Norwegian var., which is not the same as Bobbins' plant ! [Le Grand, a French author, has since (188'7) published a var. lanceolatus, a French form of P. per- foliatus.'\ I prefer the name var. Richardsonii for the American P. lanceolatus, after Dr. Richardson, who seems to have been the first to collect it. (Glasgow Herb.) British- American ' Franklin Expedition '." (Bennett.) Methy Lake and River, Lat. 57°, 1888 ; Anstey's Creek, Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (J M. Macoun.) In a pond on the Reservation at Kamloops, B.C. 1 889. (Macoun.) (2443.) P. Obtusifolius, Mertens & Koch ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 86. Methy River, Lat. 57°, 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) CATALOatlE 01* OANABIAN PLANTS. 371 (2415.) P. pusillus, Linn., var. elongatus, Bennett, MS, 1890. "A form of P. pusillus, that so far as I know has received no name. In my herbarium I have marked it ' P. pusillus, var. elongata, mihi.' I have specimens from Hungary that are very near these from B.C. It has some of the faces of P. rutilus. Wolf ; but that has much sharper loaves, with long stipules and rigid stems, There is no fruit, but the sepals (perianth segments) are large and long-hafted. I find, on I'eferring to my notes, that exactly similar specimens to yours are in the British Mus. Herb., named 'P- rutilus,'Wo\f.' It certainly does bear a resemblance to a specimen I have named P. cosspitosus, Notte ! (leg. Notte T, = P. rutilus, "Wolf. !) but the likeness is only super- ficial." {Bennett, Letter, March 3rd, 1890.) Spallumsheen Eiver, at and above Bnderby, B.C., July 10th, 1889. (J. M .Macoun.) (2446.) P. mucronatus, Schrad. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 88. " I name this now P. Friesii, Eupreeht in Bert. d. Russ. Eeiches, 1845. TI»ere ia good reaaoa to think that Schrader's plant was the var. acumindtus, Schun. of P. lucens. This was {Herb. Glasgow) gathered by the Franklin Expedition." (Bennett.) Winter River, and Sea Cow Pond, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) Spallumsheen Eiver, at Enderby, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) (244Y.) For P. rutilans, Wolfgang ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 88, read P. rutilus, Wolgang in Roeni. & Schultze, Veg. Sys. Mant. 3, p. 3G2 (1827.) " It is the P. emspitosus of Nolte." (Bennett.) (3189.) P. vaginatus, Turcz., Floi'a baiclensi-dahurica, 1856. (Siberia.) "This plant, placed under P. pectinatus, in Ledebour's Flora Rossica, vol. 4, is stated by Dr. Kihlman (of Helsingfors) in Botanisha Notisea, 1887, page 85, to have been brought from " Saskatchewan, Canada, Bourgeau, Palliser's Exp., 1858." (Bennett.) Buffalo Lake, N.W.T., Lat. 56°, 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) (3190.) P. flabellata, Babington. Mr. Bennett sent a specimen of this to Mr. Babington, who names it as above. It belongs to the same group as P. pectinatus. North Pond, near East Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) "(No. 11) P. pectinatus, Linn., var. pseudo-marinus, Bennett, = P. pectinatus, Linn., 372 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OE CANADA. forma salina, Voch ! (It really cornea under P. flabellata, Bab., as a variety, but without fruit, it is impossible to say so.)" {Bennett, Letter, 1890.) In a saline pond north of Kamloops, B.C., June 13th, 1889. {Macoun.) (2449.) P. pectinatus, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 88. "Judging by the young fruit this (No. 12) must go to P . pectinatus, Linn., as an aggregate. It comes close to the var. longissimus, Mertens & Koch (1823), which was issued in the Flora Lugrlcte, 1860, as the vai\ longissimus, Weissmann Fl. Petrop." {Bennett Letter, March 3rd, 1 890.) Pond on the Indian Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C., June 26th, 1829. {Macmin.') 657. RUPPIA. (3291.) R. lacustris. Stems rigid, firm and woody, forking and producing numerous leaves in bud-like clusters at the nodes and ends of the branches. Leaves sheathing, rigid and straight ; stipules white, membraneous from OQC to two inches long. Fruiting peduncles bright red rising from the centre of the leaf clusters, coiling spirally after flowering. Fruit im- mature. A very distinct species, having more the appearance of Potamogeton pectinatus than Buppia maritima. Abundant in a saline pond north of the Ferry at Kamloops, B.C., June 13th, 1889. The pond is one of a series in the bare hills above the trail leading to Traiiquille. {Macoun. y 665. HELEOCHARIS. (246T.) H. ovata, R. Br. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 5Y4. H. oUma, Schultes ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 95. Not uncommon in British Columbia. Agassiz. 1889. {Macoun.) (2468.) H. palustris, Linn., var. Watsoni, Clarke, Journ. Bot., XXV., 268. (1887.) Stated by Mr. Clarke to occur in Newfoundland, Labrador, and sub- arctic America, and to be a very trifling depauperate form or varietj^ with castaueus spike. {Britton.) Hudson Bay. {Burke, fide Britton.) In wet sand, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. 1888. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 373 Var. vigens, Bailey in Herb. Gray. " Calm stout, thick, very sjiongy, constricted at the summit, nearly as thick as the ovate spike." (Britton.) In muddy places by ponds, Victoria Eoad and Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1888. In a pond on the road to Cedar Hill about one mile from Victoria, Van- couver Island. 1887. (Macoim.) (2469.) H. acuminata (Muhl.) Nees. ; Britton, Journ. N. York, Micros. Soc, X., 109. H. compressa, Sulliv. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 96. Specimens refen-ed to H. tenuis (in Part IV., 97) from Salt Lake, Anticosti ; east coast of LakeNepigon ; Lake Superior at Thunder Bay ; marsh. Porcupine Mountains, Man. ; and Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia, belong here. (2471.) H. intermedia, Schultes. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 96. In mud along the shore of Leamy's Lake, near its outlet at Hull Cemetery, near Ottawa. 1889. (^Macoun.) 672. CAREX. (2505.) C. capitata, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 109. Damp, grassy places, Methy Eiver, Lat. 57°, N.W.T. 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) (2507.) C. dioica, Linn. Professor Bailey informs me that the specimens placed under this species in Part IV., 109, belong to C. gynocrates. This species is there- fore cancelled, and references under it go to 0. gynocrates. (2524.) C. Jamesil, Schweinitz; Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club., I., 48. Eeferences under C. Steudelii, Kunth, Part IV., 113, belong here. (2528.) C. Sartwellii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 90. (1842.) Eeferences under 0. disticha, Huds, Part IV., 114, belong here. Prctf. Bailey in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 8, says that " the American plant is abundantly distinct from the European 0. disticha, Huds." Prof Dewey and Dr. Boott thought otherwise, but we fully agree with Prof. Bailey in keeping them apart. 374 GEOLOGICAL STIKVEY OF CANADA. Var. oocidentalis, Bailey, MS. N. Var. Head lighter coloured than in the species; spikes more pointed; scales thin, whitish, very sharp and as long as, or longer than the jjeri- gynium. Guichon Creek, Mcola Valley, B.C. 1888. (Dawson.) Borders of saline marshes around Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2529.) C. Douglasii, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 115. Abundant and in fine fruit on the dry arid plain between Ihu Ferry and the North Thompson, opposite Kamloops, B.C., Juno, 1889. (Macoun.) \ (2530.) C. marcida, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 115. Quite common on the dry flats by the Thompson Eiver at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C. 1889. • (Macoun,) Var. alterna, Bailey, MS. N. Var. " Tall and very slender, the culm even floxuosc ; spikes small and scattered, the lower ones a half inch or more separated and the head often 2 inches long ; perigynium lance-ovate, longer than in the species and moi'e sti'ongly nerved, especially on the outer side, and stjongiy stipitate." In dry gravelly soil along Shuswap Lake near Scotch Creek, B.C., June 18th, 1889. (Macoun.) (2533.) C. teretiuscula, Good., var. ampla, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 53. " Very large and stout, growing three feet or more high in dense tufts ; heads laige (2 to 3 in. long), much branched, chafty ; perigynium twice larger than in the species, nerved on the back, shining at maturity, produced into a long beak." Quaking bog, on the border of Burnaby Lake, near Vancouver City, B.C., April 19th, 1880. (.7. M. Macoun.) (2543.) C. Hookeriana, Dewey; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 14. C. muricata, var. gracilis, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 118. " Very slender ; head interrupted, castaneous, small, the spikes some- times alternately arranged ; bracts of the two or three lower spikes produced into long awns, which surpass the spikes ; perigynium small, green, usually lightly nerved, gradually produced into a beak which is cut into sharp awl-like teeth." See Part IV. for distribution. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 375 (2545.) C. Hoodii, Boott; Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 14; Macoun, Cat. IV., 119. C. muricata, Linn., var. confixa, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 119. In thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May 14th, 1889. (Macoun.) (2549.) C. festiva, Dew., var. pachystachya, Bailey, Mem. Toit. Bot. Club, I., 51. C-f estiva, Dew., var. gracilis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 120, in part. "Culm more or less prolonged (1 to 3 ft.), flat and weak, longer than the lax leaves ; heads small and globular or oblong, dull dark brown, the spikes often somewhat distinct, very short ; perigynium spreading, about the length of, or somewhat longer than, the ovate-lanceolate muticous brown scale." Cedar Hill, near Victoria; Nanaimo ; and Mount Mark, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Alaska. (Ghamisso.) Var. gracilis, Olney; Macoun, Cat. IV., 120. In grassy thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May 10th, 1889. (Macoun.) (3192.) C. illota, Bailey, Mem. Ton'. Eol. Club, I., 15. C. Bonplandii, Kunth? var. minor, Boott, Proc. Acad. Phila. (1863), 77. C. Bonplandii, var. anguslifolia, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 233. (1880.) " Distinguished from small forms of C. festiva, Dew., as follows : — Very slender and usually tall (6 in. to 19 in.), the head very small and globular or short-oblong (J in. or less in diameter) ; perigynium completely marginless, thick below, stipitate, nerved, entirely smooth on the ' edges, the cylindrical and scarcely-cut beak projecting beyond the obtuse or muticous dark brown scale. The perigynia are considerably like those of the G. canescens gi-oup. This species stands midway between G. festiva and G. heleonastes." By little pools on the mountains north of Griffin Lake, B.C., at an altitude of 6000 feet, Aug. 1889. (Macoun.) (2551.) C. synchnocephala, Carey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 121. In damp spots on the flat land north of the Perry, at Kamloops, B.C., June 22nd, 1889. (Macoun.) (2554.) C. remota, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV, 122. Professor Bailey writes me that this species is of very doubtful occurrence in Canada, so we cancel it. 376 GEOLOaiCAL SURVEY 0¥ CANADA. (3193.) C. Eleocharis, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 6. " One of the Vignece, perhaps allied to G. tenella, iSchk. ; verj' slender but stiff, half a foot high, both leaves and culm filiform and smooth ; spikes two or three, each bearing from one to three flowers, closely aggregated into a very small and apparently monostachyous head, evidently staminate above ; perigynium short-ovate, turgid, flat on the inner face, marginless and nerveless, dull brown, beak entire or nearly so, as long as or longer than the thin hyaline scale.'' Collected on the Saskatchewan Plains, near Fort Carleton, in August, 1812. Col. Olney named it C. glareosa, and under this name it was distributed. It has never been seen since, but often looked for. {Macoun.) (2557.) C. canescens, Linn., var. polystachya, Boott; Eich. Jour., II., 344. C. arcta, Boott; Maooun, Cat. IV., 124, in part. Erfect and mostly strict, not glaucous, 1 J to 2| feet high ; leaves very lax and usually exceeding the culm ; spikes oblong, green, more or less aggregated into a loose head, the lowest one or two subtended by a short and hyaline broad- based and pointed or caudate bract ; perigynium more spreading than in the species. All eastern references to C. arcta, in Part IV., belong here. The western to the next variety. Var. Oregana, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 15. C. arcta, Boott ; Macoun, Part IV., 125, in part. " Head larger and more dense than in the var. polystachya, becoming brown ; spikes loosely flowered, the perigynia sometimes spreading in a stellate manner ; perigynium narrow, often almost lineai--lanceolate, brown-nerved, sharp edged and rough above." Very abundant in ditches at Hastings, B.C. ; and Victoria and Kanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, V. I. {Fletcher.) Vancouver City, Burrard Inlet, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) Var. robustina, A very tall form growing in clumps in boggy places. Spikes 6 to 8, generally Y, often half an inch long, tapering at the base, lower spikes distant and peduncled, the latter four forming an oval head, lower with a short setaceous bract, whole head with a light silvery hue. In damp woods at Port Haney, B.C., May Ist, 1889. {Macoun.) Burnaby Lake, near Hastings, B.C., April, 1889. {J. M. Macoun.) OATALOGTJE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 377 Var. brunnea, Low and slender, scarcely a foot high, growing in tufts in ditches. Spikes brown, scattered, 3 to 5, generally 4, small, but elongated, the upper often half staminate; lower bract seldom longer than the spike. The scattered light-brown, elongated, spikes distinguish this variety from all other forms of the species. Port Haney and Port Moody, B.C., May 3rd, 1889. (Macoun.) (2565.) C. Liddoni, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 128. Pine specimens were collected at Lytton and Spence's Bridge on the Thompson Eiver, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) I (2566.) C. pratensis, Drej., var. furva, Bailey, MS. C. pratensis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 128, in part. " Spikes much larger than in the type (J in. or more long), more loosely flowered, dark brown. The culms appear to be more sharply angled, also." (^Bailey.) Not uncommon in damp meadows at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, and throughout southern Vancouver Island, May 27th and 31st, 1887. {Macoun.) (2567.) C. foenea, Willd., Bnum. PI. Hort. Berl., 957. (1809.) C. adwta, Macoun, Cat. IV., 129, in part. " Culm slender and often weak (1 to 2 feet high) ; head long and weak ; spikes five to eight, small and silvery green, much contracted below and alternately disposed ; perigynium varying from ovate to long-ovate, thin, much longer than the small achenium, prominently rough-margined, strongly many-nerved on both sides ; bracts entirely wanting or very inconspicuous." In the valley of Eagle Eiver at Griffin Lake, B.C., July 7th, 1889. (Macoun.) Var. perplexa, Bailey; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 27. C. adusta, Macoun, Cat. IV., 129, in part. " Mostly taller and stouter than the species, the spikes larger and less attenuated or even truncate below, more approximate or even aggregated, the head erect or nearly so and the lowest bract sometimes prominent." Burnt woods. North Hastings, Ont., and near the Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) (2568.) C. adusta, Boott; Hook. Fl. IL, 214. Eeferences under C. pinguis, Bailey, Pai't IV., 129, belong here. 25 3'78 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OF CANADA. (25Y2.) C.^Straminea, Willd. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 31. C. straminea, var. tenera, Macoun, Cat. IV., 132. This includes the lax forms hitherto included in var. tenera. In thickets at Agassiz and Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (^Macouti.) Yar. brevior, Dewey; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 22. Eeferences under O. straminea and var. festucacea, Macoun, Oat., IV., 131-132, belong here. Var. cumulata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 23. C. straminea, var. alata, Macoun, Cat. IV.,' 133. " Culm very tall and stiff; spikes several to many (sometimes 25 !), greenish, usually aggregated into a bunchy head, very densely flowered and squai ely contracted at the base, short and pointed, spreading ; peri- gynium appressed, the points therefore not conspicuous." (3194.) C. Silicea, Olney; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 24. C. $traminea, var. moniliformis, Tuckerman; Macoun, Cat. IV., 133. All references in Part IV., 133, under the above variety, belong here. (2573.) C. Preslii, Steud.; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 52. C. leporina, L., var. Americana, Olney ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 133. Prof. Bailey says that the synonym G. petasata, Dew., should not have been placed here in Part IV. All our own specimens go here. Summit of Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.C. Alt. 6000 feet, 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Gold Eange, north of GriflBn Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 ft. 1889. {Macoun.) (25*74.) C. bicolor, Allioni; Macoun, Cat. IV., 134. Of a specimen received from Mr. J. Brittain, Fredericton, New Brunswick, which we doubtfully referred here. Professor Bailey writes : " It has many of the characteristics of C. bicolor, but I should prefer to call it C. aurea until more material accumulates." It is retained here until New Brunswick collectors get more material. Upper Eesti- gouche Eiver, N.B., July, 1883. {Brittain.) (2578.) C. atrata, Linn., var. ovata, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 135. " Habitually more slender than the species and usually lower, spikes small or oblong-ovate, reddish-brown, slenderly peduncled." This form CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 3*79 includes all our herbarium specimens collected between the Atlantic Coast and the Eocky Mountains. Mountain specimens are placed under G. atrata, as they are identical with Greenland specimens, having the heads short peduncled and closely aggregated, while the scales are deep black without any tinge of red. The specimens referred to C. atrata, var. nigra, in Part IV., arc placed with the species, and the variety disappears, as Prof. Bailey erects Olney's variety into a species named G. nova. All our specimens are more or less peduQcled, and hence are excluded. (2581.) C. Parryana, Dew. ; Macoun, Oat. IV., 136. In dry thickets along Shuswap Lake, at Scotch Creek, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.) (2591.) C. aurea, Nutt., var. celsa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 15. C. awea, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 138, in part. "Taller than the species (15 to 20 in. high), and strict spikes large and compactly flowered, evenly cylindrical, longer peduncled." Somenos, and Home Lake at Qualicum, Vancouver Island, ISST. (Macoun.) (2592) For C. albata, Bailey, Macoun, Cat. IV., 139, read C. ablata, Bailey. (2594.) C. debilis, M.x., var. Rudgei, Bailey, Mem. Torr., Bot, Club, I., 34. Eeferences under G. debilis, Ms., Part IV., 139, belong here. "The common northern form." (Bailey.) (2595.) C. flava, Linn., var. viridula, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 3J. Eeferences under G. (Ederi, Eetz., Part IV., 140, belong here. (259*7.) C. nudata, W. Boott, var. angustifolia, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 16. Eeferences under C. ccespiiosa, Linn., and var. filifolia, Boott, Part IV., 141, belong here. 380 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2598.) C. vulgaris, Fries, var. strictiformis, Bailey, Mem. Toi-r. Bot. Club, I., 74. C. vulgaris, Macoun, Cat. IV., 142, in part. "Tall and lax (1^ to 2J ft. high), the leaves long and narrow; staminate spike longer peduncled; pistillate spikes looser and often longer than in the species, the perigynia never being so densely packed and usually becoming browner." Lower St. Lawrence. (Fringle, fide Bailey.) Noi-th-west Arm Perry and Point Pleasant, Halifax, KS. ; also at the mouth of Madalene Eiver, Gasp^ Coast, Q. {Macovn.) (2599.) C. decidua, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 143. The specimens from Eogers Pass, Selkirk Mountains, belong here. It turns out to be a common species in British Columbia, and seems as much at home at 1100 feet altitude as at 6000. Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.C. (J .M. Macoun.) On the Gold Eange north of Grifiin Lake, alt. 6000 feet ; shore of Shuswap Lake, and along the Thompson to Kamloops, quite common. (^Macoun.) Professor Bailey writes that the present arrangement of specimens under this species is pro- visional. It is the Pacific representative of C. vulgaris. (2600.) C. invisa, Bailey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 143. Common along Queest Creek, Shuswap Lake, B.C. Alt. 5000 feet. (J. M. Macoun.) Mountains north of GriflSn Lake, Gold Eange, B.C. Alt. 6000; also along Spallumsheen Arm, at Sicamous, B.C. 1200 feet alt. 1889. {Macoun.) (3195.) C. variabilis, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 18. C. aquatilis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 143, in part. " Glaucous ; mostly low (2 feet or less high), stout, culm sharply angled, roughish on the angles ; leaves rather broad (as compared with 0. stricta, Lam.) ; spikes three or four, short and stout (2 in., or less, long), borne near the top of the culm, erect, the lower one or two con- spicuously attenuated at the base, and appearing clavate, the upper sessile, lower peduncled ; bracts leaf-like and broad, the lower one or two equalling or exceeding the culm ; perigynium small and broadly ovate, abruptly and very short beaked, nerveless, beak entire, green or whitish, conspicuously broader and usually shorter than the obtuse or muticous black scale.'' Old Wives' Lakes, Assiniboia; along Bow Eiver at Calgary, Alberta. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 381 Var. elatior, Bailey, I.e. " Much taller, the leaves very long, and narrower ; spikes longer (often 3 to 4 in.) and more slender, the lower much attenuated below, the upper bearing conspicuous staminate portions ; bracts long and narrow." Open thickets at Morley, foot-hills of Eocky Mountains ; Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains, and Donald, in the Columbia Valley ; near Cedar Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2601.) C. Nebraskensis, Dew., var. prsevia, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club. I., 49. Eeferenees under 0. Jamesii, Torrey, Part IV., 143, belong here, and the synonym C. compacta, should not have been placed under this species. (3196.) C. aperta, Boott; Hook., Fl., II., 218, 219. Fifty miles up the North Thompson Eiver, above Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.') By a lake near Fort St. James, northern British Columbia, June, 18*75 ; abundant at Shuswap Lake and Agassiz, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) (2605.) C. acutina, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 52. C. acuta, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 146. " A fine suite of specimens of Oarex acuta given me by Arthur Betinett, Croydon, England, and a study of the species in various foreign herbaria, have enabled me to draw lines of separation between the European plant and the western plants which have been referred to it. 0. acutina differs from 0. acuta in the pale color of the plant and its lesser size and thin leaves, habitually smaller spikes, thinner and shorter perigynium, which is much less prominently nerved, and the lighter colored obtuse or muticous scales." {Bailey.) Lewes Eiver, Lat. 62°, KW.T., 1887. (Dawson.) (2608.) C. salJna, Wahl. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 45. Eeferenees under 0. salina, Wahl., var. mutica, Wahl., Part IV., 147, belong here. Var. cuspidata, Wahl. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 46. Eeferenees under C. salina, Wahl., Part IV., 146, belong here. 3S2 GEOLOGICAL SURVIiT OP CAI^ADA. (SIDY.) C. Macounii, A. Bennett; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 45. C salina, var. (?) rohusta, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 147. See description and notes on page 147. (2611.) C. cryptocarpa, Meyer, var. pumila, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 27. C. cryptocarpa, Macoun, Cat. IV., 148 in part. "Low (6 to 12 in. bigh); pistillate spikes, commonly two, short (f in. or less), ovate or sbort-oblong ; scales bi-oad and muticous, but little longer than the much lighter colored perigynium.'" Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Gordon Head, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Comox, Vancouver Island; common in salt marshes along Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2613.) C. Barbarse, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 148. Quite common on the border of Burnaby Lake, and eastward in marshes to Griffln Lake, in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2620.) C. Raynoldsii, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 151. In a mountain valley north-west of Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) (2627.) C. SalterensSs, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 7. C. vaginata, Tausch. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 153. Professor Bailey separates this species from the European 0. vaginata by its much more slender and less csespitose habit, narrower leaves and less conspicuous sheaths, its alternately-flowered spikes, and its much smaller, less inflated, and conspicuously nerved perigynium. All references in Part IV., 153, belong here. Low ground near Hamilton, Ont., 1889. (Burgess.) (2636.) C. laxiflora, Lam. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 155. Professor Bailey has revised this spepies and finds the type to be what we have been calling C. laxiflora, var. intermedia, Boott. It embraces slender plants, characterized by narrow leaves (usually less than J in. in width), a peduncled, or at least very conspicuous staminate spike, scattered pistillate spikes, which are very loose flowered and CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 383 narrow (J to ]^ in. long), and very blunt perigynium. This includes both the type and var. intermedia of Part IV., ] 55. The synonymy may be considered cancelled, as it only refers in part to the type. (2637.) C. Henderson!, Bailey. Not uncommon in woods and open thickets between Yale and the coast of British Columbia, 1889. (Macoun.) (2638.) C. laxiculmis, Schweinitz; Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 47. C. retromrva., Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 156, in part. " Distinguished by its glaucousness." {Bailey.) (2639.) C. digitalis, Willd., var. copulata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 47. C. retromrva, Macoun, Cat. IV., 156, in part. " Larger than in the species, the culm weak and reclining, sometimes two feet long ; leaves twice or thrice broader ; spikes shorter and heavier ; perigynium mostly larger. In aspect much like G. laxiculmis, but has no glaucousness, the upper spikes are shorter pedunoled." (Bailey.) Wet ravines, London, Ont., June 24th, 1881. (Burgess.) (2647.) C. Pennsylvanica, Lam., var. vespertina, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club., I., 47. C. Pennsylvanica, Macoun, Cat. IV., 158, in part. " Habitually taller than the species, very slender ; staminate spike commonly slimmer and usually very short-peduncled ; pistillate spikes more separated and the lowest subtended by a leafy bract from one half inch to one inch long ; perigynium mostly larger, more hairy, the beak longer and stouter." This form includes all our British Colum- bia and Vancouver Island specimens of 0. Pennsylvanica. (2648.) C. communis, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 41. Eeference under G. varia, Muhl., Part IV., 159, except those given below, belong here. ' • Var. WKieeleri, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 41. C. varia, Macoun, Cat. IV., 159, in part. " Mostly lower than the species ; leaves very numerous, very broad and bright green, conspicuously shorter than the culm ; staminate 384 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OP CANADA. spike very short (usually only a fourth or a third of an inch long), closely sessile-inclined and inconspicuous ; lowest bract leaf-like, often an inch or two long." On the sides of ravines, Truro, and Pirate's Cove, Strait of Canso, W.S. 1883. (Macoun & Burgess.) (2649.) C. varia, Muhl., in Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Hand!., XXIV., 159. (1803.) Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 40. Eeferences under C. Emmonsii, Dewey, Part IV., 159, belong here. (2650.) C. Novae-Anglise, Schw.; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot, Club, I., 44. C. Novse-Angliie, Macoun, Cat. IV., 160, in* part. " Very slendei', stoloniferous, the culms 6 to 8 inches high, about the length of the very narrow loose leaves; staminate spike quite distinct, erect and prominent, 3 to 8 lines long, mostly minutely peduncled, exceedingly narrow (about half a line broad) ; pistillate spikes usually two, the upper near the base of the staminate spike, the lower from J to 1 inch removed and short-stalked and subtended by a bract which nearly or quite equals the culm, both rather loosely three to six-flowered ; radical spikes none ; perigynium very narrow, often nearly oblanceolate, very thinly hairy, the sharp beak prominent; stigmas often two." In damp woods, Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. {Burgess & Macoun.') G-rassy places at Cove Head and Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. (Macoun.) Woods near St. Martin, N.B. 1888. (Brittain.) (3198.) C. deflexa, Hornemann; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 41. C. Novse-Angliss, Macoun, Cat. IV., 160, in part. " Very low, much tufted ; culms from 1 to 6 inches long, setaceous more or less curved or spreading, little exceeding or shorter than the narrow leaves ; staminate spike exceedingly minute and nearly always invisible in the head ; pistillate spikes two or three, two to five- flowered, green or green-and-brown, all aggregated into a small head, the lowest one always more or less short-peduncled and subtended by a leafy bract, a half inch or less long ; radical spikes very few or none ; perigynium very small, much contracted below, sparsely haii-y or nearly smooth, the flat beak exceedingly short." Ou sandy or rocky places near water, G-asp^ Peninsula, Q. (Macoun.) Portage, Kent Co., KB. (Brittain.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 385 Var. Deanii, Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 42. C Nov3B-Anglise, Macoun, Cat. IV., 160, in part "Taller and laxer, the culms from 6 to 12 inches high and some or all prominently exceeding the long, loose, soft leaves; staminate spike much larger (2 to 3 lines long), erect or oblique, strictly sessile; pistillate spikes larger (foar to eight-flowered), less aggregated or the lowest usually separated, though rarely more than a quarter of an inch removed; radical spikes usually numerous; bract mostly longer. Macnab's Island, Halifax Harbor, and Truro, IST.S. ; crevices of rocks, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; Sudbury Junction and Port Arthur, Ont. (^Macoun.) Yen: media, Bailey, Mein. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 43. C. Novse-Anglise, var. deflexa, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 160. " Eather stiff, 4 to 12 inches high, in dense tufts ; most of the culms somewhat exceeding the leaves ; staminate spike prominent and erect, 3 to 5 lines long, sessile or very short peduncled ; pistillate spikes two or three, all scattered, the uppermost at, or near, the base of the staminate spike, the lowest very prominently peduncled and subtended by a conspicuous bract which surpasses the culm, all rather compactly, three to eight-flowered, green, or brown-green ; radical spikes usually abundant ; perigynium much as in short-beaked forms of G. umbellata ; scales large and sharp equalling or exceeding the perigynium." Grassy thickets, McLeod's Lake, and Telegraph Trail, B.C. ; also on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 5500 feet. (Macoun.) Var. Rossi i, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 43. C. Novx-Anglise., var. Rosdi, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 160. " Stiff throughout, very strict, the leaves mostly equalling or ex- ceeding the culms, the whole plant usually light-colored; staminate spike much as in the last, often larger ; pistillate spikes one to three, distinct or sometimes scattered, loosely one to four-flowered ; radical spikes usually abundant; scales very sharp, greenish-white or very rarely bearing an inconspicuous colored margin." In woods, from the Pacific coast to Spence's Bridge. {Macoun.) (3199.) C. ampllfolia, Boott; Hook. Pi. II., 228, t. 226. In abundance in and around springs in woods Vernon, near Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 3B6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2655.) C. castanea, Wahl. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 603. Eeferences under C.flexilis, Eudge, Part IV., 162, belong here. (2658.) C. capillaris, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 163. C. capillaris var. Krausei, Macoun, Cat. IV., 163. C Saakatchewana, Macoun, Cat., IV., 163. Prof. Bailey having examined the specimens upon which these forms were founded, refers them both here. (2671.) C. lupulina, Muhl. (1805); Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 11. Eeferences under C. lurida, "Wahl., Part IV., 167, belong here. Prof. Bailey shows that 0. lurida, properly belongs to 0. tentaculata. Var. Bella-villa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 12. Eeferences under C. lurida, var. divergens, Bailey, Part IV., 168, belong here. Var. pedunculata, Dewey; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 12. Eeferences under G. lurida, var. polystachya, Bailey, Part IV., 168, belong here. (2673.) Since writing the article under this number. Part IV., 168, we have received specimens of G. Saeana (named by Boott), from the British Museum, and can make nothing of it except an immature specimen of C oUgosperma. In the summer of 1888, J. M. Macoun collected on Methy Portage many specimens of both G. oliogosperma and G. monile. Prof Bailey in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, Vol. I., 39, makes G. Raeana a variety of G. monile. It is very probable that Boott had young specimens of G. oUgosperma and G. m/mile before him when he characterized the species he named G. Baeana. The description of Prof Bailey combines the spikes of G. monile and the leaves of G. oUgosperma, and the compound is Boott' s G. Eaeana. Prof. Bailey writes me that "The type of C Raeana, in Herb. Boott, is clearly different from G. oUgosperma." Whatever it is there is no evidence that it is a good species, and may be, as I state above a com- pound of G. monile and G. oUgosperma. (2674.) C. millaris, Michx. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 35. C- mUiaris, Michx. . Macoun, Cat. IV., 199, in part. C. Raeana, Boott ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 168, in part. OATALOQTTE of CANADIAN TtANtS. 38t Below is Prof. Bailey's arrangement of the species, and I agree with his remark that " whatever future observers may decide as to the merits of the varieties I propose, the disposition suggested cannot fail to make the species better known." My difficulties are all cleared away by the arrangement, but var. major may be Michaux's tj'pe. "Culm very slender but erect (12 to 18 in. high), smooth or slightly rough above on the angles ; leaves narrow, often almost filiform, rough on the edges, mostly shorter than the culm ; staminate spikes one or two, elevated an inch or more from the upper pistillate spike, very narrow, an inch or less long; pistillate spikes one to three, the upper one sessile and the lower very short-stalked, small (f in. or less long), the lowest subtended by a bract which usually exceeds it; perigynium very small, broadly or round-ovate or ovate-oblong; thin but firm in texture, bearing a nerve upon either angle, but otherwise nerveless or sometimes bearing a few very faint nerves near the base, rounded into a very short and terete beak which is either entire or somewhat erose ; pistillate scales brown, lance-ovate, ending in a sharp whitish tip which nearly or quite equals the perigynium." Island in the Saguenay Eiver, near Lake St. John, Que. {A. H. Smith.) Drury's Cove, St. John, N.B. {Herb. Gray.) Near St. John, N.B., 1817. (Prof. Fowler.) Newfoundland. {La Pylaie, Herb. Gray.) ' Var. obtusa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 36. '' Culm mostly shorter and even more slender ; pistillate spikes much smaller (from ^ in. long to smaller and globular), closely sessile ; pistil- late scale -vevj obtuse, little if any more than half the length of the perigynium." Marguerite River, Que. {A. H. Smith, fide Bailey.) One small specimen received from Prof Fowler, collected at Kenne- beckasis, N.B , June 30th, 1878, is this variety. The others are the type. (Macoun.) Var. major, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 36. "Much stouter (often fully two feet high), the culm thick and very sharply angled ; leaves stout and canaliculate or involulate ; staminate spikes short stalked ; pistillate spikes one to five, mostly short-oblong, but often cylindrical (varying from J to 1 J in. long), stout and very dark and dull-brown, the lower one or two short-peduncled ; scale vary- ing from wholly obtuse to muticous." Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., 1885. (J. M. Macoun.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, Q., 1883. (Macoun.) Ungava Bay, Labrador, 1884. (Turner.) 388 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Var. (?) aurea, Bailey, Mem. Terr. Bot. Club, I., ST. " Taller and mostly stouter than the species ; staminate spikes two to three, mostly long-peduncled ; pistillate spikes one or two, the upper sessile, the lower short-peduncled, often staminate at the apex, yellow or stramineous ; perigynium thin and yellow as in G. monile, mostly prominently few-nerved, gradually produced into a conspicuous and more or less toothed beak, broader and usually longer than the light brown or whitish muticous scale." Kennebeckasis, N.B. {Prof. Fowler, fide Bailey.) (26'75.) C. physocarpa, Presl. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 169. Sparingly along Spallumsheen Arm, at Sicamous, B.C., July, 1889. {Macmin.') (2679.) C. utriculata, Boott; Hook. Fl. II., 221. (1840.) References under 0. rostrata, With., and its variety utriculata, Bailey, Part IV., 170, 1*71, belong here. Specimens referred here were collected in an immature state at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) (3200.) C. exsiccata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I. 6. C. vesicaria var. major, Boott ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 171, in part. " Differs at once from C. vesicaria by its greater size and broader leaves, thicker and more nearly sessile spikes, and particularly by the much longer, lance-ovate, scarcely inflated, duller and strongly nerved perigynium, which is three or four times longer than the very narrow and muticous scale. In some of its forms it strongly suggests G. trichocarpa, Muhl., var. aristata, Bailey." Wet marshy places, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. {Fletcher.) Common and variable everywhere on Vancouver Island, 1 881 ; on the mainland of British Columbia, from the coast to the Gold Eange. {Macoun.) Var. globosa, Bailey, Mem. Torr., Bot. Club, I., 1. C. vemarkb var. major, Macoun, Cat. IV., 171, in part. " More slender than the species, the leaves narrow (J in. or less wide) ; spikes small (an inch or less long), more or less scattei-ed, closely sessile, rusty in color; perigynium narrower, conspicuously spreading; scale hyaline and very small." Home Lake, near Mount Mark, Vancouver Island. 188*7. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 389 Var. pungens, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 7. C. vesicaria, var. major, Macoun, Cat. IV., 171, in part. '' Slender ; spikes narrowly cylindrical (the size of a pencil) one to two inches long, usually dark colored ; scales firm, very sharp-pointed, half or a third as long as the the perigynium." Wet places at Cowiehan, Nanaimo and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; common in swamps at Port Hammond, Agassiz, and eastward to Craigellachie, Eagle Eiver, B.C. (Macmn.) (2684.) C. lurida, Wahl.; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 10. Eeferences under C. tentaculata, Muhl., Part IV., 113, belong here. (268Y.) P. Pseudo-Cyperus, Linn., var. Americana, Hochst. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, 1 , 54. Eeferences under G. Pseudo-Cyperus, var. comosa, W. Boott, Part IV., 174, belong here. 674. PANICUM. (3201.) P. nitidurri, Lam., var. barbulatum, Michx. Not uncommon at Kamloops and along the shores of Shuswap Lake, B.C. June, 1889. (Macoun.) 676. SPARTINA. (2713.) S. gracilis, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 182. Common in saline, boggy places at and around Kamloops, B.C., 1887. (Macoun.) 684. ALOPECURUS. (2730.) A. geniculatus, Linn., var. csespitosus, Scribner, MS. A- Macounii, Vasey, Macoun, Cat. IV., 189 =A. Howellii and A- saccatus, Vasey. "Culms low (2 to 6 in.), erect, panicles |^ to 1 in. long, uppear sheaths sometimes inflated." " The spikelets are the same as in A. geniculatus, Linn. Perhaps a couplu of sub-varieties could be made on the varying length of the leaves, but wo do not carry matters that far in this country." (Scribner.) On the old waggon road, at the first tunnel, as it I'oands the bluff at 390 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Yale, B.C., May, 1889. We agree with Mr. Scribner in making this a var. of A. geniculatus. (Macoun.) Prof. Sci-ibner remarks of var. robicstus, Vasey, that it is just a stout grown plant of the species. 685. ARISTIDA. (2'736.) A. fasciculata, Ton-. A. purpurea, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 190 = (A. purpurea, Nutt., var. = No. 336, Scribner, Montana Coll.) Abundant at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 686. STIPA. (2Y39.) S. Macounii, Scribner, MS. S. Richardsonii, Macoun, Cat. IV., 190. " This is the Stipa Richardsonii of Gray's Manual, but I think not of Link. Your 8. Richardsonii, var. major, is, I believe, Stipa Richardsonii, Link. I look upon the eastern plant, with its smaller panicle and spikelets, as a distinct species, and beg leave to name it S. Macounii." {Scribner.) This species includes all the references under S. Richard- sonii in Part IV. (Macoun.) (3202.) S. Richardsonii, Link. S. Richardsonii, var. major, Macoun, Cat. IV., 191. Not uncommon along the north shore of Shuswap Lake, near Scotch Cceek, B.C., June, 1889. (^Macoun.) (2H0.) S. spartea, Trin. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 191. Abundant in many places on the hills around Kamloops and towards Nicola Lake, June, 1889. {Macoun.) (2*742.) S. Columbiana, Macouu, Cat. IV., 191. Distinguished from S. viridula by its acute callus and short palea, this being scarcely half as long as its glume. {Scribner.) Not uncommon in tufts on the flats at Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. {Macoun.) S. ? (No. 18.) " This = 613, Tweedy, 1885, and referred by me to S. viridula, from which I now think it is distinct. Must study it more. Perhapj it is not separable from S. Columbiana." {Scribner.) My Yale specimens CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 391 referred in Part IV. to S. Columbiana, belong here, if this proves a distinct foi-m. No. 18, of 1889, was gathered at Tale, B.C. (Macoun) (2738.) S. comata, Triti. & Eupr.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 190 ; No. 20 MacouD, 1889 = 338 Scribner; 201 M. B. Jones (Colorado); 49 Eusby (Arizona); 1625 Henderson (Oregon); and 31 Tweedy (Washington). " Awn 5J inches long, flowering glumes with callus 7 inches long." (Scribner.) My No. 20 was growing in abundance in tufts on dry flats at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) "No 19 is the same species but the awns are only about 4 inches long, flowering glume including callus 5 inches long." (Scribner.) No. 19 was abundant in the same situation at Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.) 687. ORYZOPSIS. (2746.) O. CUS|)idata, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 193. Abundant on the sandy soil just across Spence's Bridge (on the north side), B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) 689. MUEHLENBERCIA. (2749.) M. glomerata, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 194. Eather common in grassy thickets at Agassiz, B.C., July, 1889. (Macoun.) 693. SPOROBOLUS. (2757.) S. asperifolius, Thurber; Macoun, Cat. IV., 197. On saline flats south of Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.) " Spikelets sometimes 2-flowered, second flower pedicellate and im- perfect." (Scribner.) (2758.) S. cryptandrus, Gray; Macoun, Cat., IV., 197. On arid soil at Spence's Bridge, and at Trout Creek at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., July, 1889. (Macoun.) 694. ACROSTIS. (2763.) A. canina, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 198. Prof. Scribner says of this species: "This is A. rubra, Linn. May be called A. rubra, Linn., var. Americana. It is the same as A. rupestris, 392 OEOLOGICAL SUKVET OP CANADA. Chapm. (non All.), found on Eoan Mountain, North Carolina. The same plant grows od the White Mountains of New Hampshire (A. canina, var. alpina, Oakes) together with the true A. rupestris, All." (Scribner.) Our specimens from Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q., belong to A. rubra, var. Americana. (Macoun.) (3203.) A. Macounii, Scribuer, in Herb. A. canina, Linn., var. paleata, Vasey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 198. "Very distinct from A. canina, Linn. Probably a new species and will name it A. Macounii." (Scribner.) (2764.) A. exarata, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 198. Prof. Scribner says of No. 31 collected at Burrard Inlet and New Westminster, B.C., " one of the many forms (or species) referred to A. exarata, Trin., by American authors." (2,110.) A. varians, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 200. Of specimens of this sent to Prof Scribner, he writes — " 'Agrostis varians, Trin. = 6054 Bolander.' This certainly does not equal 6054 Bolander, of which I have specimens, nor is it A. varians, Trin. It may be a small form ot A. exarata, Trin." These specimens were from Queen Charlotte Islands. (Macoun.) Of others he writes — " not A. varians. Am not prepared to say what it is. I have the same from Oregon." These specimens were from Adams Lake, B.C. 1888. Collected by Dr. Dawson. Small specimens gathered on Mount Queest and Grififln Lake Mountains of the Gold Eange, B.C., at an altitude of 6500 feet are doubtfully referred here by Prof Scribner. (Macoun.) (3204.) A. humilis, Vasey. " Eootstock creeping, palea f as long as its glume and a short naked prolongation of the rachilla." Mount Queest, altitude 6500 feet 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant on mountains north of Griffin Lake in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2^68.) A. perennans, Tuck. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 199. Of Ottawa specimens. Prof. Scribner writes — " A. perennans. Tuck., but hardly of Gray's Manual; certainly Trichodium perennans ofEW CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 393 697. CiNNA. (2t7Y.) C. pendula, THn., var. glomerata, Scribner. C.pendula, Trin., var. acuMora, Vasey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 202. Abundant around springs at GriflS.n Lake, Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 698. DEYEUXIA. (2781.) D. Canadensis, Hook.; Macoun, Cat. 17., 20i. Prof. Scribner writes of -Nos. 34 & 35 — " Perhaps C Canadensis ; No. 34 ^ 482 B. Palmer (1887) from Utah ; and more exactly a grass I have from the Cascade Mountains, collected by Mr. Prank Tweedy in 1882." No. 34 is from Kamloops ; and No. 35 from mountains north of Griflan Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. 1889. (Macoun.') (2792.) D. rubescens, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 207. Our specimens, so called, are referred to D. Suksdorffii, by Professor Scribner. This species is therefore cancelled. (2795.) D. Suksdorffii, Scribner; Macoun, Cat. IV., 207. Eather common on rocky hillsides at Sicamoas, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (3205.) D. chalybsea. Fries. ? Of No. 36, collected at Shuswap Lake and Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889, Prof. Scribner writes : "No. Se*- = 357, Scribner. This grass seems to me distinct from 0. stricta, Fries. Judging from descriptions it does not appear to differ from G. chalyhcBa, Fries." 701. DESCHAMPSIA. (2802.) D. atropurpurea, Scheele, var. minus, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 209. Prof. Scribner says of this that it is " exactly like my European specimens ticketed Vdhlodea atropurpurea. Certainly no vai'iety." (2£06.) D. elongata, Munro ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 210. On dry spots, Cragellachie, Gold Eange; on gravel at Penticten, south end of Okanagan Lake, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 26 394 (SEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ^ 703. TRISETUM. (2809.) T. canescens, Buckl.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 211. Not uncommon in thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.') (2810.) T. cernuum, Trin. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 210. Not uncommon in thickets at Yale, on the Fraser, and Craigellaehie, in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 704. AVENA. (2840.) A. Smithii, T. 0. Porter; Gray, Man,, ed. VI., 653. " Closely allied to, but distinct from, Melica aristata. Neither of these can be referred to Melica, and they are no better classified when placed in Avena. Bromelica (Thurber as a section of Melica) might be raised to the rank of a genus, and made to include these and two or three other species which at present are evidently out of place in the genera to which they have been referred. Youi- No. 52 would then be Bromelica Smithii." (Scribner.) Eather common in damp thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1887. (Macoun.) Prof. Scribner refers my No. 2840 (Melica aristata) to this species, so references under it are transferred here. 7f5. EATONIA. (2832.) E. obtusata, Gray; Macoun, Cat. IV., 218. Two forms of this species were collected : " (a) Culm slender, 40 cm. high, panicle 4 cm. long : green plant, with the aspect otKmleria crisiata, and may be named sub-var. kcelerioides- (b) Culm 90 cm. high, panicle 15 cm. long, interrupted, dark purple." (Scribner.) The first form was gathered on the Indian Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C. ; the second at Griffin Lake, in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2833.) E. Pennsylvanica, Gray; Macoun, Cat., IV., 218. Borders of ponds south of Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.) 718. MELICA. (2839.) M. acuminata, Bolander; Macoun, Cat. IV., 220. Grassy thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 395 (3206.) M. spectabilis, Scribner. In a mountain valley, north of the Thompson Elver, between Spenco's Bridge and Lytton. 1889. {J. M. Macoun.) 723. POA. (2859.) P. Eatoni, Watson?; Macoun, Cat. IV., 225. On the mountains at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 3889. This is the same species referred to P. Calif ornica in Part IV. There is still doubt where this should go. (Macoun.) (2863.) P. laxa, H«nke ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 225. Quite common on the mountains north of Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. 1889. (Macoun.) (2868.) P. Nevadensis, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 226. On the mountain side at Tale, at Spence's Bridge, and at Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (28^0.) P. purpurascens, Vasey; Macoun, Oat. IV., 226. Summit of the mountains north of Griffin Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. 1889. (Macoun.) (2813.) P. stenantha, Macoun, Cat. IV., 227. Prof. Scribner writes me that my specimens of this species are his Poa Vaseyana, var. angustifolia, Tweedy, 1885. It is not P. stenantha, B. Brown. (2873.) P. subaristata, Macoun, Cat. IV., 227. Of this Prof Scribner writes — " I have in my herbarium no P. subaristata. Your grass is the same as 631 Tweedy (1885 Yellowstone Park Coll.) which I referred doubtfully to Poa andina, Nutt. I col- lected in Montana exactly the same form. ISTuttall never published his Poa andina. I have never seen and do not know Poa andina, Trin. Your grass belongs to a section of the genus not well under- stood, and one represented by many forms in the Eooky Mountains. The grass you sent me ticketed Poa andina, Nutt., var purpurea, Vasey, is like the type of Poa andina, Nutt., in Nuttall's writing in herb. Phila. Acad. Kat. Sciences." We have still a few Poas undetei-mined, and hope to have them settled during the coming year. 396 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 727. SCOLOCHLOA. (2883.) S. festucacea, Link. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 666. Muminia arundinaeea, Trin. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 229. Abundant in a marshy meadow, five miles south of Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 728. CLYCERIA. (2886.) C. grandis, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 667. O. arundinaeea, Kunth. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 230. Quite common in marshy meadows, five miles south of Kamloops, B.C. 188'7. {Macoun.) (2888.) C. distans, Wahl, var. airoides, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 231. Abundant on the borders of saline marshes at Kamloops, and sparingly at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) 729. FESTUCA. (320*7.) F. subuliflora, Scribner MS. F. ocddentalis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 235. Prof Scribner writes of this—" This {'No. 1) is believed to be F. suhulata, Bong, by Prof Haekelj but it does not agree so well with his description of that species as your No. 89 (of this year.) It = 11 7 1 and 136*7, Henderson, and No. 19, Howell, in my herbarium. Note that the branches of the rather short panicle are all solitary, that the curved callus of the following glume is remarkably long and is covered with a few short stiff hairs, that the edges of the flowering glume are ciliate with a few scattered hairs near the base, and that the joints of the rachilla are also ciliate scabrous. The panicle branches are shorter than in your No. 89, the leaves are shorter, of much firmer texture and pubescent on the upper surface. I will name this grasss pro- visionally F. subuUfolia." This is the Vancouver Island plant. (3208.) F. subulata, Bong. ? No. 89 of 1889. "Panicles nodding, the long and slender lower branches in pairs ; callus much shorter than in No. *7, and with the joints of the rachilla simply scabrous. , Flowering glumes 3-nerved. In No. 7, the flowering CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. . 39*7 glumes are 5-nerved, the intermediate nerves, however, indistinct, excepting when the glumes are moistened and viewed by transmitted light." (Scribner.) In thickets at Agassiz, B.C., on the mountain side, 1889. (Macoun.) (2904.) F. occidentalis, Hook.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 235. On rocks, North Arm, Burrard Inlet, B.C., April 30, 1889. (Macoun.) (2907.) F. rubra, Linn., var. longearistata, Hack, in herb. Scribner. " Your No. 88 is this variety, and is apparently the same as 15 of Howell, named by Dr. Vasey F. ovina, L., vox. polyphylla. Ko. 87 is very near No. 88, but possibly distinct." {Scribner.) No. 87 is from Shuswap Lake, and No. 88 from Yale, B.C. 730. BROMUS. (29U.) B. Hookerianus, Tharber ; Macoun,. Cat. IV., 238. In thickets at Agassiz and Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) (2925.) B. TECTORDM, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 240. Introduced in meadows and cultivated fields at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) 736. ELYMUS. (3209.) E. nitidus, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XIII., 120. " Culms 2\ to 3 feet high, rather stout and leafy, sterile shoots half as long ; leaves erect rigid, scabrous, 6 to 8 inches long, 2 to 3 lines wide, slender pointed ; ligule nearly obsolete ; sheaths scabrous ; spike about 4 inches long, erect ; spikelets 1 to 2 at each joint, three to five- flowered; empty glume 6 to 7 lines long, including the awn, the upper one five-nerved, lower one three to four-nerved, scabrous on the nerves; flowering glume about 5 lines long, with a fine scabrous awn of equal length, obscurely five-nerved, smooth or nearly so, punctulate and shining ; palet a little shorter, eiliate-scabrous on the nerve, The spike is less thick than in E. Virginicus, and more compact than in E. striatus." { Vasey,) Quite common in damp thickets at Agassiz, Yale and Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) 398 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2948.) E. Macounii, Vasey, Bull. Toi-r. Bot. Club, XIII., 119; Macoun, Cat. IV., 246. "Culm 2 to 3 feet high, smooth, leaves of culm 3 or 4, rigid, erect, narrow, scabrous, 3 to 6 inches long; lignle short and truncate; spike slender, erect, cyclindrical 3 to 5 inches long ; commonly in slender specimens there is but one spikelot at each joint of the rachis, in stronger ones the lower spikelets are in pairs and the upper ones single ; frequently some of the spikelets have three glumes, even some of the double ones, i.e., one glume on each side and one in front. Spikelets one to three-flowered, empty glumes linear-lanceolate, rigid, scabrous, mostly three-nei-ved, 3 to 4 lines long, and running into an awn as long or longer ; flowering glumes oblong-lanceolate, punctulate below and scabrous above, 4 or 5 lines long, with an awn as long or longer, five-nerved ; palet equalling the glume, obtuse." ( Vasey I) In tufts on dry hillsides and in hollows, at and around, Kamloops, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.') " These specimens difl'er from the type only in their pube- scent lower sheathes and leaves. Axis of spike articulated." (Scribner.) INDEX. TAGB Abies, 363 amabilis, Forbes 363 Acnida, 351 tuberculata. Moq. var. sub- nuda, Wat. 351 Acorus, Linn 74 Calamus, Linn 74 Adiantum, Linn 263 boreale, Presl 263 pedatum, Linn 263 var. rangiferinum. Burgess 263 Agropyrum, J. Gsertn 241 caninum, Keich 241 dasystachyum, Vasey 241 divergens,' Nees 241 var. tenue, Vasey 242 glaucum, R. & S., var. occi- dentale, V. & S 242 repens, Beau v 242 tenerum, Vasey 242 violaceum, Lange 243 Agrostis, Linn 198, 391 sequivalvis, Trin 203 alba 201 albicans, Buckl 198 canina, Linn 198, 391 var. sequivahis, Trin 203 var. melaleuca. Bong.. 200, 203 var. paleata, Vasey. . . 198, 392 var. (?) tenella, Torr 198 anna, Pursh 202 cryptandra, Torr 197 decumbens, Muhl 201 diffusa, Mnhl 1 95 Drummondii, Torrey 200 exarata, Trin... 195, 392 var. /?. minor, Hook 200 exarata, var. Wat 199 geminata, Trin 199 HiUebrandii, Thurber 203 hispida,Wmd 200 humilis, Vasey 392 lateriflora, Miclix 194 laxiflora, Eich 199 Macounii, Scrib 392 Mexicana, Linn 194 Michawcii, Trin 199 microphylla, Steud 199 oreophila, Trin 199 perennans. Tuck 199, 392 polymorpha, Trin 200 PAGE racemosa, Miclix 194 rubra, Linn., var. Americana.. 391 rupestris, All 392 rupeslris, Chapro 391 scabra, Willd 199 setosa, Muhl 194 .lylvatica, Torr 195 tenuiflora, Willd 195 varians, Ti in 200, 392 verticillata, Vill 200 Virginica, Muhl 198 vulgaris. With 200 var. alba, Vasey 201 Aira, Linn 208 ambigua, Michx 209 arctica, Spreng 209 atropurpurea, Wahl 209 cuespitosa, Linn 209 caryophy Ilea, Linn 208 danthonioides, Trin 210 elongaia, Hook 210 flexuosa, Lmn 211 latifolia, Hook 209 mollis, Muhl 218 otesata, Michx 218 prEecox, Linn 208 truncata, Muhl 218 Aletris, Linn 23 a/ha, Michx 23 farinusa, Linn 23 Alisma, Linn 76 natans, Pursh. 76 P!antago,L. var. Americanum, Gray 76 Plantago, L 76 trivialis, Pursh 76 Alismacbje (cxiv. ) 76 Allium, Linn 34 acuminatum, Hook , , 36 avgvlusum, Pursh- 36 Canadense, Kalm 36 cernuum, Eoth 35 cernuum. Hook 34 Geyeri, Wat 36 Nevii,Wat 37 reticulatum, Fraser 36 var. 13. Wat 36 reticulatum, Hook 37 Schoenoprasum, Linn 35 stellatum , Fraser 36 stellatum, Hook 35 400 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. PAGE tricoccum, Ait 34 iriflorum, Pursh 34 Vancouverense, Macoun 37 AUosorus acrosiiclioidcs, Spreng. . . . 261 aquilinus, Presl 262 gracilis, Presl 260 Stelleri, Ruprecht 260 AUotropa 339 virgata, Torr. & Gray 339 Alnus, 355 rubra, Bong 355 Alopeourus, Linn 188, 389 alpinus, Smith 188 alpinus, Hook 189 alpinus, Dawson 189 aristulatus, Michx 188 geniculatus, Linn 188 var. aristulatus, Munro. . 188 var. csespitosus, Scrib. . . . 389 var. pumila, Vasey 189 var. robustus, Vasey . 189, 389 Howellii, Vasey 389 Macounii, Vasey 189 Macounii, Vasey 389 occidentalis, Scribner 189 pratensis, Linn 189 var. alpesiris, Vasey 189 saccatus, Vasey 389 sub-aristatus, Pursh 188 AmaeyllidacbvE (cvi.) 26 Ammophila, Host 208 arundinacea, Host 208 longifolia, Benth. & Hook. ... 208 Anacharis Canadensis, Planclion . . 1 Andropogon, Linn 184 avenacevs, Michx 185 fwcalus, Muhl 184 nutans, Linn 185 provincialis, Laai 184 purpurascens, Willd 185 scoparius, Michx 185 Anemone 295 nemorosa, var. ? 295 Oregana, Gray 295 Anemonella, Spach 295 thalictroides, Spach 295 Angelica, 328 atropurpurea, Linn 328 genuflexa, Nutt 328 hirsuta, Muhl 328 Anthericum serotinum, Linn 42 Anthoxanthum, Linn 186 odoratum, Linn 186 Aplectrum, Nutt. 4 hyemale, Nutt 4 Arabis, 303 areiMia y 304 canescens, Nutt 304 canescens, AVat 303 var. kiiifolia, AVat 303 PAGE Columbiana, Macoun 304 confinis, Wat 303 Drummondii, Gray 304 . Drummondii, Gray 303 humifusa, J. Vahl 303, 304 var. pubescens, Wat 303 lasvigata. Hook 303 Lemmoni, Wat. ., •• 303 lyrata, Linn., var. occidentalis, Wat 303 lyrata 303 petrssa, Lam 303, 304 var. ambigua, Kegel 303 Archangelica atropurpurea, HofFm., 328 Gmelini, DC. 328 hirsuta, Torr. & Gray 328 Arcliemora rigida 330 Arctagrostis, Griseb 201 latifolia, Ledeb 201 var. Alaskensis, Vasey.. 201 Arcliodracon Camtschaticum, Gray, 73 Arctophila, Eupt 229 fulva, Rupt 229 Lsestadii, Rupt 229 mucronata, Hack 229 pendulina, And 229 Arctostaphylos, 338 tomentosa, Dougl 338 Arenaria 309 physodes, D.C 309 Arethusa, Linn 10 bulbosa, Linn 10 medeoloides, Pursh 12 ophioglossoides, Pursh 11 parviflora, Pursh 11 pendula, Pursh 11 ■verlidllata, Pursh 12 Arissema, Martins 72, 368 Dracontium, Schott 72, 368 triphyllum, Torr 72 Aristlda, Linn 190, 390 basiramea, Engel 190 dichotoma, Linn 190 fasciculata, Torr 390 purpurea, Nutt 190, 390 AEoroE^ (cxii.) 72 Arrhenatherum, Beauv 213 avenaceum, Beauv 213 Artemisia 335 annua, Linn 335 glauca, Pall 335 Arum atrorubens. Ait 72 Dracontium Willd 72 triphyllum, Linn 72 Virginieum, Linn 72 Arundo agrostoides, Pursh 204 arenaria, Linn 208 Canadensis, Michx 204 cinnoides, Muhl 204 INDEX. 401 confinis, Willd 204 Phragmites, Linn 216 Asclepias 341 speciosa, Torr 341 Asparagus, Linn 27 officinalis, Linn 27 Aspidium, Swartz 271 acrostichoides, Swartz 277 aculeatum, Swartz 278 var. Braunii, Doell 278 var. lobatum, Kunze 278 var. scopulinum, D. C. Eaton 279 acvJeatum, Pursh 278 alpestre, Swartz 271 Americanum, Davenport 275 angunlum, Willd 267 asplenoides, Swartz 207 alomarium, Muhl 280 Boottii, Tuck 276 Braunii, Spenner 278 bulbiferum, Swartz 280 cristatum, Swartz 272 var. Clintonianum, D. C. Eaton 273 var. vliginomm, Milde. . . 276 dilalatum, Swartz 275 Filix-mas, Swartz 274 Mlix-mas, Pursh 273 fragrans, Swartz 276 Goldieanum, Hook 273 intermedium, "Willd 275 lobatum. Smith 278 Lonchitls, Swartz ' 277 marginale, Swartz 274 montanum, Swartz 280 montanum, Milde 272 munitutn, Katif 278 Noveboracense, Swartz 271 obtusum, Willd 284 Oreopteris, Swartz 272 punctilobum, Willd 285 rigidum, Swartz 274 rH^duium, SviHTtz 283 spinulosum, Swartz 275 var. Boottii, Gray 276 var. dilatatum. Hook — 275 var. intermedium, D. C. Eaton „. 275 tenue., Swartz 279 Thelypteris, Swartz 272 thelypteris. Hook 271 var. Noveboracense, Willd- 271 Asplenium, Linn 264 acrostichoides, Swartz 266 angustifolium, Michx 266 ebeneum, Ait 266 Filix-foemina, Bernh 267 var. angustum, D. C. Eaton 267 var. Michauxii, Mett 267 PAGE ■ melanocaulon, Willd 265 platyneuron, Oakes 266 rliizopliyllum, Linn 268 thelypteroides, Michx 266 Trichomanes, Linn 265 Trichomanes, Linn 264 trichomanoides, Michx 266 viride, Huds 264 Asprella, Willd 248 hystrix, Willd 248 oryzoides. Lam 184 Virginica, Eoem. & Schultz. . . 184 Aster, 332 campestris, Nutt 333 foli^ceus, Lindl., var. Eatoni, Gray 333 var. pubescens, Gray .... 334 Novi-Belgii, Linn.var. litoreus. Gray 333 occidentalis, Nutt 833 paniculatus 333 patulus, Lam 333 peregrinus, Pursh 333 puniceus, Linn., var. firmus. ■ ■ 333 var. lasvicaulis. Gray 333 var. lucidulus. Gray 333 radulinus. Gray 332 subulatus, Michx 334 Tradescanti, Linn 333 Astragalus 317 collinus 317 filipes, Torrey 317 Mortoni, Nutt 317 stenophyllus, Torr. & Gray.. . 317 Atheropogon apludoides, Wahl 216 ohgostachyum, Nutt 216 Athyrium alpestre, Ny 1 271 Filix-fcemina, Both 267 Filix-fmmina, var. ;3. Hook . . . 267 thelypteroides, Desv 266 Atriplex, 351 patulum, Linn 351 var. hastatum, Gray 352 var. littorale. Gray 352 Atropis angustata, Ledeb 229 Californiea, Munro 224 distans, Griseb 231 distans, Thurber 232 tenui flora, Thurber 227 Avena, Linn 212, 394 annua, Linn 213 fatua, Linn 212 glumacea, Michx 214 mollis, Michx 212 pr<£cox, Beauv 208 pratensis, var. Americana, Sorib 213 Smithii, T. C. Porter 394 spicata, Linn 214 striata, Michx 213 402 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OP CANADA. PAGE versicolor, Vill 213 Axyris, Linn 352 amarantholdes, Linn 352 Azolla, Lam 294 Carol iniana, Willd 294 Ballota, Linn 350 nif;ra, Linn 350 Beckmannia, Host 176 erucaeformis, Host, var. uni- florus, Scrib 1 76 Berula 326 angustifolia, Koch 326 Bidens 334 buUata, Linn. (?) 334 Blechnwm. boreale, Swartz 263 Blysmus rufuf, Link 101 Boltonia, L'Her 332 aateroides, L'Her 332 latisquama, Gray, var. occi- dentalis, Gray 332 Boschniakia 348 Hookeri, AValp 348 Botrychium, Swartz 253 dissectum, Spreng 256 fumarioides, AVilld 255 lanceolatiim, Angst 254 Lunaria, Swartz 253 luvarioiden, Swartz 255 matricarisefolium, A. Braun. . 254 ohliquum, Mulil 256 simplex, Hitchcock 255 ternatum, Swartz 255 var. Americanum 255 var. dissectum, Milde. . . . 256 var. lunarioides, Milde- ■• 255 var. ohliquum, Milde 256 Virginianum, Swartz 256 Virginieum, Willd 2E 6 var. (?) simplex, Gray 255 Bolrypus lunarioides, Michx 255 Virginicus, Mx 256 Bouteloua, Lag 215 cwrtipendvla. Gray 216 foena, Torr 215 hirsuta, Jjag 215 oligostachya, Torr 216 racemosa. Lag 216 Brachyelytrum, Beauv 195 aristatum, Beauv 195 Briza, Linn 222 Canadensis, Nutt 232 Canadengis, Michx 230 Eragrostis, Linn 219 media, Linn 222 Brizopyrwm Americanum, Link . . . 221 boreale, Presl 221 spicatum, Hook. & Am 221 var. stricium, Gray 221 Brodisea, Smith 34 Douglasii, Watson 34 PAGE grandiflora, Smith 34 grandiflora, Pursh 34 lactea, Wat 34 Bromelica Smithii, Scribner 394 Bromus, Linn 237,397 Aleotensis, Trin 237 breviaristatus, Buckl 237 ciliatus, Linn 237 var. ligulatus, Vasey 238 var. pauciflorus, Vasey - . 238 Hookerianus, Thurb 238, 397 var. minor, Scrib 238 Kaltnii, Gray 238 Macounii, Vasey 239 maximus, Linn 239 mollis, Linn 239 Orcutti anus, Vasey 239 Pumpellianus, Scrib 239 purgans, Linn 237 purgans, Torr 238 racemosus, Linn 239 secalinns, Linn 239 segetum, Schl - 240 Sitchensis, Bong 240 subulatus, Ledeb 240 suhvlalus, Griseb 220 tectorum, Linn 240, 397 virens, Buckl 238 Buda, Adns 309 borealis, Wat 310 marina, JDjimort 309 marotheca, Fisch. & Meyer.. . 310 rubra, Dumort 310 Bupleurum 327 Americanum, C. & R 327 ranunculoides 327 Cacalla 335 tuberosa, Nutt 335 Calamagroslis albicans Buck 203 Aleutica, Trin 203 arenaria, Trin 208 Canadensis, Beauv 204 coarctata. Hook 205 colorata, Nutt 185 con/nis, Nutt 204 crassiglumis, Thurb 204 deschampsioides, Trin 204 inexpansa. Gray 204 Langsdorffii, Trin 204 Lapponica, Gray 205 longifolia, Hook 208 Mexicarm, Nutt 204 Oregonensis, Buck] 204 Pickeringii, Gray 206 I'orteri, Gray 206 purpurascens, R. Br 206, 207 Purshii, Kunth 204 rubescens, Buckl 207 slrieta, Beauv 205, 393 strigosa, Bong 207 INDEX. 403 PAGE mjlvaUca, DC 207 Calandrinia, 312 Columbiana, Howell 312 Calla, Linn 73 palustris, Linn 73 Virginica Michx 72 Callitriche 322 autumnalis, Linn 322 Bolanderi, Hegelm 322 hamulata, Kutz 323 heterophylla, Pursh 323 Calochortus, Pursh 42 elegans,Pursh,var.nanus,Wood 42 elegana, Hook 42 var. minor, Hook 42 Lyallii, Baker 42 macrocarpus, Dougl 42 Colopogon, R. Br ID pulchellus, R. Br 10 Calypso, Salisb 3 borealis, Salisb 3 Camassia, Lindl 37 esculenta, Lindl 37 var. /J. ftoribus albus, Hook 37 •var. Leichtlinii, Baker... 37 Praseri, Torr 37 Leichtlinii, Wat 37 Campanula, 337 aurita, Greene 337 rotundifolia, Linn., var. Alas- kana, Gray 338 var. arctica, Lange 337 var. hirsuta 338 Camptosorus, Link 268 rhizophyllus. Link 268 Oardamine, 301 cordifolia, AVat 301 Douglasii, Torr 301 flexuosa. With 302 hirsuta, Linn., var. montana, 302 var. sylvalica, Gray 302 Lyallii, \Vat 301 pratensis, Linn., var. angusti- folia,Hook 301 var. occidentalis, Wat. . . 301 praiensis 302 rhomhoidea 301 rotundifolia 301 var. purpurea 301 Carex.Linn 108, 372 abhmiata, 'Booit 153 ablata, Bailey 139, 379 acuta, Linn 146 var. prolix a, Hornem .... 146 acuta, Linn 381 acuta, Pursh 143 acutina, Bailey 381 adusta, Boott 129, 377 YBJ. argyrantha, Bailey.. 129 var. glomerata, Bailey .... 129 PAGE adusta, W. Bbott 133 adusta 377 semalliorhyncha, Olney 165 affinis, R. Br 112 Alaskan a, Boott 175 alata, 'J'orr 133 var. pulchra, Olney 133 alba. Dew 157 Yar. setifolia. Dew 157 alhata, Bailey .139, 379 albolutescens, Olney 129 var. argyrantlia, Olney . . . 129 var. glomerata, Olney 129 var. sparsiflora, Olney... 129 alopecoidea. Tuck 117 var. .iparsi-.'ipicafa. Dew . . 117 alpestris. Dew 159 alpina, Swartz 136 var. nigrescens, Olney 136 anibusta, Boott.... 147 amplifolia, Boott 385 ampuilacea, Good 1 70 var. borealiif, Lange 170 var. t((ricMfata, Carey 171 anceps, Sch wein & Torr 155 anceps, Muhl 155 anceps, var. angustifolia, Dew . 155 var. blanda. Hook 155 ■vnr. patulifolia,T)ew 156 war. striatula, Carey 155 Andersoni, Boott 143 angustata, Boott 143 anthericoides, Presl 118 anthoxa.ntha, Presl 110 aperta, Boott 381 aperta, Boott 146 var. angustifolia, Boott. . . 141 var. dOTar?cata, Bailey. . . 146 aperta, Carey 145 aquatilis, Wahl 143 var. epigeios, Laest 144 var. minor, Boott 144 aquatilis 380 arcta, Boott 124 arcta, Boott 376 arctata, Boott 161 var. Faxoni, Bailey 161 arctata x flexilis, Bailej' 162 arctica. Dew 136 argyrantlia. Tuck 1 29 arida, Schwein & Torr 129 aristata, R. Br 175 var. longo-lanceata. Dew. . 175 Assiniboinensis, W. Boott 162 atherodes, Sprengl 175 athrostachya, Olney 121 atrata, Linn 135 var. nigra, Boott 135, 379 var. ovata, Boott 135, 373 atrata 378 404 GKOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGB atrofusca,- Schkuhr 138 attenuata, R. Br 113 aurea, Nutt 138 var. androgyria, Olney. . . 138 var. celsa, Bailey 379 aurea, Nutt 379 Backii, Boott 113 Baekiana, Dew 112 Barbarae, Dew 148, 382 Bebbii, Olney 130 BeUa-mlla, Dew 168 Beyrichiana, Boeck 168 bicolor, Allioni ^134, 378 Bigelovii, Torr 142 blanda,t)ew 155 blepharophora, Gray 162 Bolanderi, Olney 125 var. gpargiflora, Olney .... 125 BoUiand, Bceck 137 Bonplandii, Kuntli. var. an- gustifolia, W. Boott 375 var. minor, Boott 375 hracteosa, Schwein 115 brizoides, L. var. nenaoraliB, Wim 125 bromoides, Schk 114 Brongniartii, Kunth, var. densa, Bailey 118 fruZtote, Dew 172 Buxbaumii, Wahl 134 csespitosa, Lipu 141, 379 var. filifolia, Boott 1 41 var. filifolia, Boott 379 csespitosa, Good 142 Canadengis, Dew 167, 168 canescens, 'Linn 123 var. alpicola, Wahl 124 var. alpicola 123 var. brunnea 377 var. Oregana, Bailey 376 var. polystachya, Boott. . 376 var. polystachya, Boott, 124, 376 var. robuslina 376 \ a.r. vitilis .>. 124 var. vulgaris, Bailey .... 123 canescens, Hook 134 canescens 375 capillaris, Linn 163, 386 -var. elongata, Olney 163 var. Krausei, Krantz.... 163 var. Krausei 386 capitata, Linn 109, 373 Carltonia, Dew 127 castanea, Wahl 386 cephaloidea, Boott 118 cephalophora, Muhl 118 var. angustifolia, Boott.. 118 var. maxima. Dew 117 cephalophora,' p., Torr, 117 PAGE chlalaros, Steud 153 chordorhiza, Ehrh 120 circinata, C. A. Meyer 110 collecta. Dew .• 159 Collinsii, 'Suit 166 Columbiana, Dew 134 communis, Bailey 383 var. Wheeleri, Bailey .... 383 comosa, Boott 174 compacta, R. Br 170 compacta. Hook 143 compacta 381 complanata, Torr. & Hook. . . . 137 concinna, R. Br 158 concolor, R. Br 141 congesta, C. A. Meyer 119 conoidea, Schkuhr 154 conoidea, Muhl 155 Cooleyi, Dew 173 costato, Schwein 136 Crawei, Dew 153 var. heterostachya. Dew.. 153 crinita. Lam 149 var. gynandra, Schwein & Torr 149 var. minor, Boott 149 var. paleacea. Dew . 149 cristata, Schwein ■ . . , 130 crus-corvi, Shuttleworth 117 cryptocarpa, C. A. Meyer.... 148 var. pumila, Bailey 382 cryptocarpa 382 curta. Good 123 cuspidata, Wahl 146 cylindrica, Carey 172 cyperoides. Dew 121 Davisii, Dew 159 Davalliana, Dew 110 debilis, Mx 139 var. iS., Boott 139 var. Rudgei, Bailey 379 debilis, Mx 379 decidua, Boott 143, 380 deflexa, Hornemann 384 var. Deanii, Bailey 385 var. media, Bailey 385 var. Rossii, Bailey 385 Deweyana, Schwein 124 var. Bolanderi, W. Boott. 125 var. sparsiflora, Bailey. . . 125 digitalis, Willd. 156 var. copulata, Bailey .... 383 digitalis, Schwein 137 dioica, Linn 109, 373 var. Davalliana, Dew 109 dioica, Schwein & Torr 109 disperma, Dew 121 disticha, Hudson 114 disticha, Hudson 373 Douglasii, Boott . ........ 115, 374 INDEX. 405 PAGE var. densirspicata, Dew . . . 115 var. minor, Olney 115 Drejeri, Lange 141 Drummondiana, Dew 113 dubitata, Dew 142 durivscula, O. A. Meyer 120 eburnea, Boott 157 echinata, Murray 126 var. angustata, Bailey .... 126 var. conferta, Bailey 126 var. microstachys, BcEckl. 126 Eleocharis, Bailey 376 elongdta. Hook 248 Emmonsii, Dew 159 var. ell'iplica, Boott 159 Emmonsii, Dew 384 exilis, Dew Ill exsiccata, Bailey 388 var. globosa, Bailey 388 var. pungens, Bailey 389 Fendleriana, Boeck 115 festiva, Dew 120 var. gracilis, Olney ..120, 375 var. Haydeniana, W. Boott, 120 var. pachystachya, Bailey 375 festiva, Dew 375 festucacea, Willd 132 filifolia, Nutt 109 filiformis, Linn 165 var. xmathorhyncha, W. Boott...; 165 var. lanuginosa, Boeck 165 var. latifolia, Bailey 165 filipendtUa, Drej 148 flava, Linn 140 var. androgyna, Olney . . . 140 var. lutescens, Wahl 140 var. rectorostrata, Bailey. 141 var. viridula, Bailey 379 flava, Willd 140 flexilis, Eudge 162, 386 flexuosa, Muhl 139 foenea, Willd 132, 377 var. perplexa, Bailey 377 var. (?) sabulonum, Gray. 133 folliculata, Linn 166 folUcidata, Hook 166 foUicvJata, Wahl 167 formosa, Dew 137 Frankliuii, Boott 138 frigida, Allioni 139 /■wZijfOTosa, Sternb. & Hoppe . . . 138 fulva, Good 164 fuliricoma. Dew 120 /urcata.Ell 174 Gayana, Dew 115 Oayana, Desv 152 Georgiana, Dew 173 Geyeri, Boott 113 PAGE a, Wahl 127 var. cxspitosa, Bceckl .... 113 var. urdna, Bailey 113 glareosa, Wahl 376 glauca. Scop 146 globosa, W. Boott 160 Gmelini,Hook 134 Goodenomi, Gay 142 gracilis. Gray • • • ■ 121 gracillima, Schwein 137 Gra/iamii, Boott 170 granvlarioides, Schwein 154 granulans, Muhl 153 Grayii, Carey 167 Greeniana, Dew 164 grisea, Wahl 1 54 var. minor, Olney 154 gynandra, Schwein 149 gynocrates, Wormsk 109 gynocrates. 373 hxmatolepis, Drej 146 Haleana, Olney 153 Hallii, Olney 136 HartH, Dew 172 Haydeniana, Olnej' 120 var. Bradleyii, Dew 172 heleonastes, Ehrh 127, 375 Hendersoni, Bailey 156, 383 TIepburnii, ISoott 109 heteroneura, W. Boott 135 heterosperma, Wahl 155 heterostachya, Torr 1 53 /iirsuta, Willd 137 var. pedunculata, Schwein 137 Hitchcockiana, Dew 155 Hoodii, Boott 119, 375 Iloodii, W. Boott 119 Hookeriana, Dew 374 Hookeriana, Dew 118 Hoppneri, Boott 148 Houghtonii, Torrey 164 hymenocarpa, Drej 170 hyperborea, Drej 142 hystrieina, Muhl 173 ignota, Dew 155 Minoenm, Dew 154 illota, Bailey 375 incurva, Lightf 119 intermedia, Good 114 intumescens, Eudge 167 var. globularis, Gray 167 invisa, Bailey 143, 380 irrigua, Smith 150 Jamesii, Schwein 373 Jamesii, Torr 143 Jamesii, Torr 381 Kelloggii, W. Boott 142 Knieskernii, Dew 162 Krausei, Bceck 163 Kunzei, Olney 1 24 406 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. PAGE lacustris, Willd 164 laeviculmis, Meinch 248 Ixm-ccmica, Dew 174 lagopina, Wahl 127 lagopodioides, Schk 130 var. convposita, Olney . . • . 130 var. eristata, Carey 130 var. moniliformis, Olney . . 130 var. scoparia, Boeok 131 lagopodioides, W. Boott 133 lanceata, Dew 147 lanuginosa, Miohx 165 var. aemathoryncha 165 lalifolia, Wahl 157 laxa. Dew 150 laxiculmis, Schwein 383 laxiflora, Lam 155, 382 var. blanda - gradllima, Boott 155 var. intermedia, Boott. . . 155 var. infermedia, Boott 382 var. latifolia, Boott 156 var. patulifolia, Carey. . . 156 \a,T. plantaginea, Boott... 156 var. plantaginea, Olney . . 156 var. striatula, Carey 155 laxiflora, Schkuhr 154 Leavenworthii, Dew 118 leiocarpa, C. A. Meyer 110 leiorhyncha, C. A. Meyer 118 lenticularis, Michx 145 lenticularis, Dew 150 lepidocarpa, Tausch 140 leporina, Linn, var. Ameri- cana, Olney 133 var. Americana, Olney . . . 378 leporina, Willd 127 leporina, Pursh 131 leporina, Michx 131 leptalea, Wahl Ill leucoglocldn, Dew Ill leucorum, var. Emmonsii, Chapm 159 Liddoni, Boott 128, 377 limosa, Linn 150 var. irrigua, Wahl 150 var. livida, Wahl 152 var. Painei, Dew 150 var. raiiflora, Wahl 150 var. stygia, Bailey 151 limula (?) Gray 142 hvida, Willd 152 var. radicalis, Paine 152 longii'ostris, Torrey 162 var. microcystis, Boeck .... 162 var. mTOor, Boott 162 Ineorum, Willd 158 lupvliformis, Sart 168 lupulina, Muhl 386 var. Bella- villa, Bailey . . 386 PAGE var. gigantoidea, Dew .... 168 var. pedunculata, Dew.. 386 var. pedunculata, Dew .... 168 var. polysiachya, Shwein. &Torr 168 Uina, Muhl 167 lurida, Wahl 167, 389 var. divergens, Bailey . . . 168 var. divergens, Bailey .... 386 var. polystachya, Bailey. 168 var. polystachya, Bailey . . 386 lurida, Wahl 386 I/yallU, Boott ' 151 Lyoni, Boott 110 Macounii, A. Bennett 147, 382 Maeounii, Dew 172 macrocephala, Willd 117 macrochsetd, C. A. Meyer 149 Magellanica, Lam 150 marcida, Boott 115, 374 var. alterna, Bailey 374 marginata, Willd 158 marina, Dew 127 maritima, Miiller 149 Meadii, Dew 152 var. Bebbii, Arthur 152 m£dia, R. Br 136 Meekii, Dew 115 melanocarpa, Cham 158 membranaeea, Hook 170 Menziedana, Smith 117 Mertensii, Prescott 134 Michauxiana, Bceck 166 Michaitxii, Schwein 112 Michauxii, Dew 166 microglochin, Wahl Ill micr.opoda, C. A. Meyer 110 microstachya, Michx Ill miliacea, Mahl 139 miliaris, Michx 169, 386 var. (?) aurea, Bailey 388 var. major, Bailey 387 var. obtusa, Bailey 387 mirabilis, Dew 130 misandra, R. Br 138 var. elatior, Lange 138 Mitchelliana, M. A. Curtis. . . . 149 monile, Tnck 171 monile 386 monosperma 109 Muhlenbergii, Schk 118 multiflora, Muhl 115 yar. microsperma. Dew . . . 115 muricata, Hook 119 var. Cfp/ia/oiriea, Dew ... . 117 muricata, Linn, var. confixa, Bailey. 119 var. confixa, Bailey 375 var. gracilis, Boott 118 var. gracilis, Boott 374 INDEX. 407 PAGE Muskingumenm, Schwein 129 mi^iea, E. Br 138 nardina, Fries 109 Nebraskensis, Dew., var. prsevia, Bailey 381 negUcta, Tuck 119 nigra, All 135 nigricans, C. A . Meyer 110 nigricans, Dew 109 nigricans, Torr. 110 nigritella, Drejer 151 Norvegica, Schk 125 Novae- Anglia?, Schwein. ..160, 384 nova 379 var. deflexa, Bailey 160 var. deflexa, Bailey 385 var. Emmonsii, Carey 159 var. Rossii, Bailey 160 var. Rossii, Bailey 385 Novx-Anqlix ' 384, 385 nudata, W. Boott, var. angus- tifolia, Bailey 379 Nuttallii, Dew 115 Oakesiana, Dew 168 obesa, Allioni, var. minor, Boott 163 var. monostachya, Boeck. . 112 obtusangida, Ehrh 170 nbtusata, Liljeblad 112 CEderi, Retz 140 (Ederi,'Retz 379 oligocarpa, Schkuhr 154 var. major, Torr 155 var. Sartwelliana, Dew — 154 oligocarpa, Hook 156 oligosperma, Mx 168, 386 oreades, C. A. Meyer ..... 120 ornilhopoda, Torr 158 orthostachys, C. Meyer 175 ovalis. Good 133 ovata, Rudge 135 Padfica, Drejer 141 paleacea, Wahl 149 pallescens, Linn 154 var. undulata. Gray 154 pallescens. Hook 153 pallida, C. A. Meyer 114 panleea, Linn 152 var. Bebbii 152 var. Canbyi, Olney 152 var. Meadii, Olney 152 var. refacta, Olney 153 var. spardflora, Wabl. . . . 153 var. tetanica, Olney 152 var. Woodii, Olney 152 panicidata, W. Bpott 118 var. teretiuscula, Wahl. ... 116 paradoxa, Boott 116 Parry ana. Dew 136, 379 Parryana, Hook 151 PAGB pauciflora, Lightf Ill paupercvla, Michx 150 paupermda, Torr 157 pedunculata, Muhl ^ . 157 pellita, Muhl 165 pendula, Sommers 149 Pennsylvanica, Lam 158 var. Muhlenbergii, Gray . . 159 var. vespertina, Bailey. . . 383 Pennsylvanica, Ton 159, 383 petasata. Dew 133 petricosa. Dew 137 phseostachya,' Smith 153 physocarpa, Presl...l47, 169, 388 pinguis, Bailey 129 pinguis, Bailey 377 plantaginea, Lam 157 plantaginea, Schkuhr 156 platyphylla, Carey 156 podocarpa, R. Br 149 podocarpa,W. Boott 143 podostachys, Steud 156 polytrichoides, Muhl Ill prairea. Dew 116 prasina, Wahl 139 pratensis, Drejer 128 var. furva, Bailey 377 pratensis 377 Prescoitiana, Olney 148 Presiii, Steud 378 prohxa, Fries 146 Pseudo-Cyperus, Linn 174 var. Americana, Hochst. 389 v,ar. comosa, W. Boott — 174 var. comosa, W. Boott .... 389 Pseudo-Cyperus, Schwein. & Torr 174 pubescens, Muhl 161 pvila. Good 147, 169 var. (7) miliaris. Gray 169 Purshii, Olney 173 Pyrenaica, Wahl 110 Pyrenaica, Torr 110 pyriformis, Schwein 138 Raeana, Boott 168 Raeana, Boott 386 rariflora, Smith 150 rariflora. Roth 151 Raynoldsii, Dew 151, 382 recta, Boott 146 Sedowskiana C. A. Meyer 109 reducta, Drej 147 refracta, Willd 152 remota, Linn. 122, 375 remota. Rich 124 retrocurva, Dew 156 retrocurva. Dew 383 retroflexa, Muhl 119 retrorsa, Schwein 1 72 var. Hartii, Gray 172 408 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE reversa, Spreng 172 Eichardsoni, R. Br 158 rigida,Good 142,143 var. Bigelovii, Tuck 142 riparia, W. Curtiss 164 rosea, Schk 119 var. minor, Boott 119 var. radiata, Dew 119 var. retroflexa, Torrey 119 Rossii, Boott 160 rostrata, With 170 var. iitriculata, Bailey... 171 rostrata, With.; 388 var. uiriculata, Bailey .... 388 rostrata, Willd 173 rostrata, Michx 166 rotundata, Wahl 170 rutundala, Roth 170 rupestris, AUioni 113 \itr.DTUmmondiana,3a,\\ey 113 salina, Wahl 146, 381 var. ambusta, Bailey 147 var. cuspidata, Wahl 381 var. mutica, Wahl 147 var. mutica, Wahl 3S1 var. (?) robusta, Bailey. . . 147 var. (?) robusta, Bailey.147, 382 var. subspathacea, Tuck. . . 148 salina, Boott 148 var. /3., Boott 147 var- minor Boott 147, 148 Salterensis, Bailey 382 Sartwellii, Dew 373 var. occidentalis, Bailey. . 374 Sartwellii, Dew. 114 Saskatchewana, Boeck 163 Saskatchewana 386 saxatilis, Linn 169 var. (?) Grahami, Hook. & Am 170 var. major, Olney 170 var. miliaris, Bailey 169 sax-. (?) subtilis, Eng. . . 61 pelocarpus. Gray 62 phceocephalus, var. gracilis, Engelm 65 PAGE polycephalus, var. crassifolius. Hook 65 var. /3. paradoxus, Torr. - . 64 var. p. tenuif alius. Hook. . 63 Bichardsonianus, Roem. and Schult 62 Bostkovii, La Harpe 63 stygius, L 58 supiniformis, Engelm 65 tenuis, Willd 59 var. y. congestus, Engelm. 59 var. /3. secundus, Engelm. 59 trifidus, Linn 58 triglumis, Linn 58 uliginosus, var. minor. Hook. . . 62 var. p. subtilis, Hook 61 Vaseyi, Engelm 58 xiphioides, E. Meyer, var. a. littoralis, Engelm 65 var. a. littoralis. Engelm.. 366 var. rf. macranthus, Eng. . 65 var. macranthus, Macoun. 366 var. ). montanus, Engelm 64 var. e. triandrus, Engelm 65 odpMoides 365 Kobresia, Willd 108 caricina, Willd 108 globularis, Dew 109 scirpina, Willd 108 Kochia, Roth 351 scoparia, Schrad 351 Koeleria, Pers 217 cristata, Pers 217 var. gracilis, Gray 218 var. major, "Vasey 218 (?) Pennsylvanica, DC 218 truncaia, Torr 218 Krynitzkia, Eisoh. & Meyer 344 Californica, Gray 344 Chorisiana, Gray 344 circumscissa, Gray 345 crassisepala, Gray 345 glomerata. Gray 345 leiocarpa, Fisch. & Meyer 345 leucopheea, Gray 345 plebeia. Gray 344 sericea, Gray 345 Scouleri, Gray 345 Lamium 350 amplexicaule, Linn 350 maculatum, Linn 350 purpureum, Linn 350 Larix 363 Americana, Mx 363 occidentalls, Nutt 363 Lastrea, Boottii, Lawson 276 cristata, Presl 273 dilatata, Presl 275 Filix-mas, Presl 274 INDEX. 4:11 fragrans, Presl 276 (jroldieana, Presl 273 intermedia, Presl 275 marginalis, Presl 274 montana, Moore 272 Noveboracends, Presl 271 Oreopieris, Presl 272 rigida, Presl 274 spinidosa, Presl 275 var. dilaiaia, Lawson 275 Thelypteris, Presl 272 Lathyrus 318 Nuttallii, Watk 318 venosus. 318 Ledum 339 glandulosum, Nutt 339 Leersia, Swartz 184 ory zoides, Swartz 1 84 Virginica, Willd 184 Ldmanihium hybridum, Roeti) 51 Nuttallii, Hook 53 Lemna. Linn 74, 368 minor, Linn 75 minor, Linn 368 polyrrhiza, Linn 75 polyrrhiza, Linn 368 trisulca, L 74 LEMNACBiE (CXIII.) 74 Leptunlhus gramineus, Mx 54 Leptotsenia, Nutt 330 dissecta, Nutt 330 multifida, Nutt 330 Lepturus panicuiaiits, Nutt 215 Lesquerella, Watson 305 arctica, Wat 306 var. Purshii, Wat 306 Donglasii, Wat 306 Ludoviciana, Wat 305 var. arenosa, Wat. 305 Ligusticum 327 Grayi, C. & R 327 Lilasa, Humb. & Bonpl 81 subulata, HBK 81 LiLIACBAB (CVIII.) 26 Lilium, Linn 38 Canadeiise, Linn 38 ■var.parviflurum. Hook 39 var. superbum, Elwes 39 Carolinianum, Michx 39 Columbianum, Hanson 39 pardalinum, var. Burgeei, Baker 38 panmm, Kell 39 Philadelphicum, Linn 38 Philadelphicum, var. /3. Hook. . 39 pudicum, Pursh 40 superbum,, Linn 39 umbellatum, Pursh 38 Limnanthes 314 Donglasii 314 Macounii, Trelease 314 PAGE Limnetes cynosuroides, Mx 182 juncea, Pers 182 Limodorum tuberosum, Mx 10 Limosella 347 aquatica, Linn. var. tenuifolia, Hoffm 347 Linum 314 Lewisii, Pursh 314 perenne, Linn 314 var. Lewisii, Eat. and Wright 314 Liparis, Rich 3 Lceselli, Rich 3 Listera, R. Br 6 convallarioides. Nutt 7 cordata, R. Br 6 EschsclwUziana, Cham 7 Lloydia, Salisb 42 serotina, Reich 42 Lolium, Linn 240 perenne, Linn 240 temulentum, Linn 240 Lomaria, Willd 263 spioant, Desv 2ii3 Luina 335 hypoleuca, Benth 335 Lupinus 315 aridus, Dongl 315 micranthus, Dougl 315 var. Wco^or, Wat 315 var. microphyllus, Wat. . 315 microcarpus, Sims 315 Luzula, DC 65, 366 arcuata, Hook 69 campestris, Desv 68 var. a. vulgaris, Hook 67 var. fi. pallescens, Hook. . 67 coraosa, Hook 67 var. 7. comosa, E. Meyer. 68 var. congesta, Wat 68 var. congesta, Meyer 68 var. maorantha, Wat 68 var. subsessilis, Wat 68 divaricata, Wat 66 hyperborea, R. Br., var. a. major. Hook 68 var. fi. minor, Hook.. .... 69 melanocarpa, var. j3., Hook ... 65 parviflora, var. 'laelanocarpa, Gray 66 pilosa, Willd 67 pilosa, Willd 366 spadicea, DC 3b6 var. melanocarpa, E. Meyer 66 var. parviflora, Meyer. 65, 366 var. sub-congesta, Wat. . 66 spadicea, . • 65 spicata, Desv 86 vernalis, DC 366 418 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE Lychnis data 309 LYCOPODlACBiE (cxxt.) 287 Lycopodium, Ijnn 287 alpinum, Linn 291 annotinum, Li nn 289 var. alpestre, Hanm 289 var. pungens, Spreng 289 clavatum, Linn 290 var. fi. monostachyon, Hook 290 var. 6., Hook 290 complanatum. Linn 290 var. sabinssfolium, Gray . . 289 dendroideum, Michx 288 inundatuin, Linn 288 var. Bigelovii, Tuck 288 lucidulum, Mich 287 obscurum, Linn 288 rupestre, Linn 291 var. (3., Hook 292 sabinsefolium, Willd 289 selaginyides, Linn 291 Selago, Linn 287 var. /?., Hook 287 Lysichitum, Sciiott 73 Kamtschatcenee, Schott 73 Lythrum 323 Salicaria, Linn 323 Madura, Nutt 354 aurantiaca, Nutt 543 Maianthemum, Wiggers 32 bifolium, DC, var. dilatatum. Wood.... 33 Canadense, Desf 32 Malaxis liliifolia, Rich 3 urn^ora, Michx 2 Malva 313 borealis, Wallm 313 Marailia, Linn 293 mucronata, A. Braun 294 vestita, Hook. & Grev 293 MaesiliacbjB (cxxiv.) 293 Medeola, Linn 48 Virginica, Linn 48 Medicago 316 denticulata, Willd., var. apicu- lata, Willd 316 Megastar.hya Eragrostis, Beauv .... 219 Melanthium, Linn 51 hybridum, Pursh 51 Virginicum, Linn 51 Melica, Linn 220, 394 acuminata, Bol 220, 394 aristata, Thurber 220, 394 bulbosa, Geyer 220 HaJlii, Vasey 230 Harfordii, Bol 220 pooeoides, Torr 220 spectabilis, Scribner 395 Melilotus 316 PAGB parviflora, Deaf 316 Melissa 350 officinalis, Linn 350 Mentzelia 324 dispersa,Wat 324 Microsty lis, Nutt 2 brachypoda, Gray 2 diphyllos, Lindl 3 monophy Uos, Lindl 2 ophioglossoides, N utt 2 ophioglossoides, Pursh 2 Milium, Linn 193 effusum, Linn > 193 pungens, Torr 192 racemosum, Smith 193 Milla grandiflora, Baker 34 hyadnihina, Baker 34 mariiima 34- Mimulus .347 moschatus, Dougi., var. sessi- lifolius, Gray 347 Moneses 339 grandiflora, Salisb 339 uniflora 339 Muehlenbergia, Sehreber 194, 391 aristata, Pers 195 Brachyelytrum, Trin 195 Oinna, Trin 202 diffusa, Schreb 194 erecta, Schreb 195 slomerata, Trin 194, 391 Mexicana, Trin 194 pendvla. Bong 202 sylvatica, Torr. & Gray 195 Willdenovii, Trin 195 Munroa, Torr 217 squarrosa, Torr. 217 Muscari, Torr 364 botryoides. Mill 364 Musenium 325 divaricatum, Nutt., var. Hookeri 325 tenuijolium 325 trachyspermum, Nutt 325 Myosotis 346 palustris, With 346 Myosurus 296 apetalus. Gay 296 aristatus 296 minimus, Linn., var. lepturus, Gray 296 miniimis 296 Myrica 355 Gale, Linn 355 Myriophyllum 322 alternifolium, DC 322 Naiadace.® (cxv.) 79 Naias, Linn 91 Canadensis, Mx 91 flexilis, Eostk. & Schmidt .... 91 INDEX. 419 PAGE Narthedum glvMnusum, Mx 44 pusiUum., Mx 43 Nasturtium 300 obtusum, Nutt 301 palustre, DC. var 300 Neillia opulifolia, Benth. & Hook. 318 Nemophila 343 Menziesii,Hooli. & Arn 343 Neoiiia cemua, Pursh 8 pubescens, Pursh 9 rfpena, Pursh 9 Nephrodium aerosttchoides, Michx. . 277 asplenoides, Michx 267 bulhiferum, Michx 280 crislatum, Michx 273 liryopleris, Michx 270 Fikx-faemina, Michx 267 Filix-mas, Rich 274 fragrans, Rich 276 Goldieanum, Hoolv. & Grev. . • 273 marginale, Michx 274 punctilobiUum, Michx 285 rufidvlum, Miclix 283 rigidum, Desv. 274 spinvlomm, Desv 275 tenue, Michx 279 Thelypteris, Desv 272 Thelypteroules, Michx 271 Nuphar 300 advena, Ait., var. minor, Morong 300 luteum. Smith, var. (?) 300 Nymphsea 800 odorata, var. minor, Sims 300 pygmxa, Ait 300 reniformis, DC 300 tetragona, Georgi 300 iubtrosa, Paine 300 Oakesia, Watson 365 sessilifblia, "Wat 45, 365 CEnanthe 327 sarmentosa, Presl 327 Omphalodes, Tourn 344 nana, Gray 344 Onobrychis....' 317 sativa. Lam 317 Onoclea, Linn 281 nodiUom, Schk 281 sensibilis, Linn 281 Struthiopteris, Hoflf. 281 OphioglossacejE (cxx.) 253 Ophioglossum, Linn 253 vnlgatum, Linn 253 Ophrys cemua, Mx 8 corallorliiza, Mx 5 cordala, Mx 6 OpUsmenus Crus-galli, Kuntli 177 muricatus, Kuntli 177 OECHIDACBiE (OIII.) 2 Orchis, Linn 12 PAGE aristata, Fiscli 12 blephariglottis, Pursli 19 bracteata, Pursh 14 ciliaris, Pursh 18 clavellata, Mx 13 dilalaia, Pursh 15 fimbriaia, Pursh 19 fuscescens, Pursli 13 humilis, Mx 12 hyperborea, Pursh 14 incisa,, Pursh 19 lacera, Mx 19 latifolia, Linn 12 Itixophsea, Nutt 19 oblitsata, Pursh 16 orbiculata, Pursh 18 psycodes, Parsh 19 rotundifolia> Gray 12 spectabilis, Linn 12 Iridenlata, Pursh 13 Orthocarpus 348 castilleioides, Benth 348 tenuifolius 348 Oryzopsis, Michx 192, 390 asperifoha, Mx 192 anperifnlia, Kunth 193 Canadensis, Torr 1 92 cuspidata, Benth 193, 390 melanocarpa, Muhl 193 parviflora, Nutt 192 Osmorrhiza 327 ■ occidenlalis, Torr 327 Osmunda, Linn 286 cinnamomea, Linn 286 Claytoniana, Linn 286 mtcrrapto, Michx 286 regalis, Linn 286 sax. spectabilis, Milde 286 spectaMis, Willd 286 Oxy coccus 338 vulgaris, var. intermedium Gray 338 Panicum, Linn 176, 389 agrostoides, Spreng 176 capillare, Linn 177 clandesiinum. Hook 179 Criis-galli, Linn 177 var. hispidum. Ell 177 depauperatum, Muhl 177 dichotomum, Linn 178 var. nitidum, Lam 178 var. pubescens. Gray.... 178 var. sphxrocarpon. Gray.. 179 elongatum, Pursh 176 glabrum, i ■ and 178 glaiuMm, Linn ] 80 imiolulum, Tail 177 lalifolium, Linn 179 laxiflorum, Lam. 179 420 QEOLOaiCAL SURVEY OP CANADA. microcarpuin, Muhl., var. sphserocarpon, Vasey . . . . 179 muricalum j 77 nilidum. Lam 1 78 var- bai bulatum, Mx 389 pauciflorum, Ell 179 paudflomm, Ell 180 puhescens. Lam 178 rectrum, Roem & Schultes 177 sanguinale, Linn 179 scoparium, Lam 180 t/KTmoZe, Boland 178 vertidUatum, Willd 181 virgatum, Linn ISO viride, Linn 181 Walten, Fmsh 177 xanthophysum, Gray 180 Pastinaca, Linn 329 sativa, Linn 329 Pectocarya 344 penicillata, A. DC 344 PellKa, Link 259 atropurpurea, Link 260 densa. Hook 261 gracilis, Hook 259 Slelleri, Beddome 260 Peltandra 72, 368 Virginica, Eaf 72 Virginica 368 undulata, Raf 368 Pennisetum glaucum, R. Br 180 mride, R. Br 181 Peristylis bracteatus, Lindl 14 Peiicedanum 329 ambiguum, Nutt 329 eurycarpum, C. & li 329 macrocarpum, var. eurycarpum, Gray 329 Martindalei, C. & R., var. an- gustatum, G & R 330 nudicaule, Nutt 329 Sandbergi, C. &. R 330 sativum 329 triternatum, Nutt 329 villosum, Nutt 329 Phalangium Quamash, Pursh 37 Phalaris, Linn 185 Americana, Torr 185 arundinacea, IJnn 185 Canariensis, Linn 186 oryzoides, Linn 184 Phegopteris, F6e 269 alpestris, Nutt 271 calcarea, F6e 270 connectile, Watt 269 Dryopteris, Fee 270 var. Robertianum, Dav 270 hexagonoptera, F6e 269 polypodioides, F6e 269 Phellopterus, Benth 329 PAGE littoralis. Schmidt 329 Phippsia, R. Br 196 algida, R. Br 196 var. monandra, Kunth . . 196 monandra, Trin 196 Phleum, Linn 196 alpinum, Linn 196 Hsmkeanum, Presl 196 pratense, Linn 196 Phragmites, Trin 216 communis, Trin 216 Phyllospadix, Hook 91 Scouleri 91 Physematium obtusum, Hook 284 Physocarpus 318 opulifolius, Maxim 318 Picea 362 nigra, Link 362 var. rubra, Engel 362 rubra 362 Pinguicula 349 villosa, Linn 349 Pinus 361 albicaulis, Engel 361 ponderosa, Dougl., var. scopu- lorum, Engel 361 Piptatherum nigrum, Torr 193 Plagiobothrys, Fisch. & Meyer 345 tenellus, Gray. . . . ^ 345 Torreyi, Gray 346 Plantago ' „.. 350 maorocarpa, Cham. & Schl - . . 350 Platanthera blephariglottis, Liudl ■ ■ 19 Chorisianus, Lindl 14 dliaris, Lindl 18 dilatata, Lindl 15 elegans, Lindl 17 fimbriata, Lindl. , var. a. , Hook. 20 var. p., Hook 19 flava, Gray 13 gracilis, Undl. 15 graminea, Liadl 15 herbiola, Lindl 13 holopetala, Lindl 19 JSboim, Lindl 17 Huroneiisis, Lindl 14 hyperborea, Lindl 14 indsa, Lindl 19 Kbnigii, Lindl 14 leucostachys, Lindl 16 Menziesii, Lindl 17 obtusata, Lindl 16 orbieulata, Lindl 18 psycodes, Lindl 19 rotundifolia, Lindl 12 iSchischmarrffiana, Lindl 17 stricta, Lindl 15 tipuloides, Lindl 13 Platyspermum, Hook 302 scapigerum, Hook 302 INDEX. 421 PAGE Pleuropogon, E. Br 220 Sabinii, R. Br, 220 Poa, Linn 222, 395 abbreviata, R. Br 222 airoides, Nutt 231 alpina, Linn 222 alsodes, Gray 222 andina, Nutt 223 var. purpurea, Vasey 223 andina, Nutt 224 var. purpurea, Vasey 395 angustata, E. Br 229 annua, Linn 223 aquatica, Pursh 230 var. /3. Americana, Torr.. 230 arctica, R. Br 224 Bolanderi, Vasey 223 boreale, Hook 221 ceesia, Smith 223 var. strictior. Gray 223 Californica, Vasey 224 CanadenHs, Beau v 230 cenisia. All 224 compressa, Linn 224 crocata, Michx 226 cuspid ata, Vasey & Scrib 224 debilis, Torr 224 var. acutiflora, Vasey 225 Eatoni, Wat 225, 395 elongata, Torr 231 Eragrostis, Linn 219 fasciculata, Hook 231 feslucseformia, Host 232 flavicans, Ledeb . . 225 flexuosa, Wahl 224 fulva,Trin 229 glauca, Vahl 222 glumaris, Trin 225 Howellii, V. & S 225 laxa, Hsenk 225, 395 leptocoma, Trin 225 Macounii, Vasey 225 Michauxii, ICunth 221 nemoralis, Linn 225 nemoralin. Hook 223 nemoralis, Torr 222 nervata, Willd 232 Nevadensis, Vasey 226, 395 Nutkaensis, Presl 226 obtusa, Muhl 233 palustris, Muhl 226 parviflora, Pursh 232 pratensis, Linn 226 purpurascens, Vasey 226. 395 replans, Michx 219 serotina, Ehrh 226 var. erecla 227 var. Hallii 227 stenantha, Trin 227, 395 striata, Michx 232 PAGE subaristata, Scrib 227, 395 tenuiflora, Nutt 227 var. Oregona, Vasey 227 trivialis, Linn 227 Vaaeyana, ya,T. angustifolia . . . 395 Pogonia, Juss 11 ophioglossoides, Ker 11 pendula, Liudl 11 verticillata, Nutt 12 Polanisia 306 graveolens, Raf 306 trachysperma, Torr. & Gray. . 306 PoUinia scoparia, Spreng 185 Polygonatum, Adans 28 angustifoHum, Pursh 28 biflorum,EIl 28 canaliculatum, Pursh 28 giganteum, Dietr 28 hirtum, Pursh 28 latifolium, Pursh 28 var. commutatum. Baker. . 28 multiflorum, Desf 28 multiflorum. Hook 28 mvltiflorum, Pursh 28 piAeacens, Pursh 28 Polygonum 352 coarctatum, Dougl 352 Douglasii, Greene 352 emersum, Muhl. (?) 353 incarnatum 353 intermedium, Nutt 352 lapathifolium, Linn 353 var. incanum, Koch 353 var. incarnatum, Wat... 353 minimum, Wat 352 Muhlenbergii, Wat 353 Muhlen bergii, Macoun 353 nodosum, Pers 353 Tartaricum, Linn 354 Polypodium.Linn 257 alpestre, Hoppe 271 hvlbiferum, Linn 280 calcareum, Pursh 270 carnosum, Kellogg 258 connectile, Mx 267 Dryopteris, Linn 270 var. calcareum, Gr 270 falcatum, Kellogg 258 glycyrrhiza, Eaton 258 hexagonopterum, Michx 270 Phegopteris, Linn 269 var. mojus. Hook 270 Roberlianum, Hoff 270 Scouleri, Hook. & Grev 258 Virginianum, Linn 257 vulgare, Linn 257 var. Americanum, Hook . . 257 Polypogon, Desf 201 alopecuroides, Buckl 198 jugax, Boland 201 422 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OP CANADA. PAGE glomeratuf, Willd 194 littoralis. Smith 201 Monspeliensis, Desf 201 Tocemosus, Nutt 194 setosm, Spreng 194 Polystichum acrostichoides, Schott . . 227 aculealum, Moore, var. Braunii, Watt 27S angvlare, Presl., var. Braunii, Lawson 278 Braunii, Lawson 278 cristatum. Roth 273 Filix-mas, Roth 274 Jragrans, Ledeb 276 Lonchiiis, Eoth 277 marginale, Watt 274 munitum, Presl . . ^ 277 Noveboracense, Watt 271 Thelypteris, Roth 272 Pontederia, Linn 53 angustifolia, Pursh 54 cordata, Linn 53 var. angustifolia, Gray ... 54 PONTBDBEIACB^ (CVIII. bis.) 53 Potamogeton. Linn 81, 369 alpinus, Balbis 369 amplifolius. Tuck 84 angustifolia, Presl 370 csespitosus, Notte 371 Claytonii, Tuck 82 Claytonii, Tuck 369 compressa, Fries 86 didymus, Wall 369 diversifolius. Hook 83 filiformis, Pursh 83 flabellata, Bab 371 fluitans. Roth 369 fluitans, Pursh 83 Friesii, Rupr 371 grammeum, Mx 86 gramineus, Linn 84 var. graminifolius, Fries. 84 var. heterophyllus, Fries. . 84, 370 var. maximus, Morong.. 84 gramineus 370 heterophyllus, Schreb 370 heterophyllui, Schreb 84 hybridus, Mx 83 lucens, Linn 85, 370 var. acuminalus, Schun . . 371 var. minor, Notte 85 lucens, Mx 85 lonchites. Tuck 83 lonchites. Tuck 368, 370 var. Americanus 368 marinus, Linn 88 var. Macounii, Morong . . 88 var. ocddentalis 88 mkrostachys , 369 PAGE mucronatus, Schrad 88, 371 natans, Linn 81 var. fluitans, Torrey 83 var. /3., Hook 82 var. prolixus, Koch. . . .82, 369 Niagarensis, Tnck 87 Oakesianus, Tuck 82 obtusifolius, Mert. & Koch.86, 370 ohtusifolius 88 pauciflorus, Pursh 86 var. Niagarensis, Gray . . 87 pectinatus, Linn 88, 372 var. a., Hook 88 var. ;8., Hook 88 var. laiifolius. Wat 88 var. (?) latifolius, Robbins 89 var. longissimus, Mertens and Koch 372 var. pseudo-marinus, Ben- nett 372 forma, salina, Voch 372 \a,r.tmuissimu^ 89 pectinatus, Ledeb 371 Pennsylvanicus, Cham 369 perfoliatus, Linn 85 var. lanceolatus, Robbins 86 yar. lanceolatm, Robbins. 370 var. Richardsonii, Bennett 370 prselongus, Wulfen 85 pumilus, Wolfgang 369 pusillus. Linn 87 var. elongatus. Bennett . . 371 var. major, Fries 88 var. panormitanus, Biv-. 87 var. vulgaris, Fries 87 pusillum, Hook 86 Robbinsii, Oakes 89 rufescens, Schrad 83 rufescens, Schrad 369 rutUans, Wolfgang 371 rutilus, Wolfgang 88, 371 serotinus, Schard 369 setaceus, Pursh 83 spirillus, Tuck 83 vaginatus, Turcz 371 Vaseyi, Robbins 82 Zizii, Roth 85, 370 var. methyensis, Bennett 370 zosterifolius, Schum 86 Poterium 319 annuum, Nutt 3lg Sanguisorba, Linn 319 Sitchense, Wat 3I9 Pothos fcetidus, Pursh 73 Primula 340 Bgaliksensis, Hornem 340 Sibirica, Jacq 340 Prinos verticiUatus, L 315 Prosartes Hookeri, Torr 46 lanuginosa, Don 45 INDEX. 423 Menziem, Don 45 Oregana, Wat 46 trachycarpa, Wat 46 Prunus 318 Virginiana, Linn., var. (?) 318 Psamma titloratis, Beauv 208 Psilocarpus, Nutt 334 Oreganus, Nutt., var. elatior, Gray 334 tenellus, Nutt 334 Pteris, Linn 262 aquilina, Linn 262 var. lanuginosa, Bong — 262 atropurpurea, Linn 260 gracilis, Mx 260 lanuginosa, Bong 262 Pycnanthemum 349 muticum, Pres., var. piJosum, Gray 349 Quercus 355 ambigua, Mx 356 coccinea, Wang.,var. ambigua, Gray 356 Garryana, Dougl 355 Jacobi, R. Br. 355 ohtunloha, Michx 356 rubra 356 stellata, Wang 356 Ranunculus 296 acriformis, Gray 298 acris, Hook 298 aquatilis, Linn 297 var. heterophyllvs 297 var. slagnatUis 296 circinatus, Sibth 296 Eschscholtzii, Schlecht 297 Flammula, Linn., var. inter- medius, Hook 297 var. repians, Meyer 297 hebecarpus. Hook. & Arn 298 hederaceus 297 hispidus, Michx 298 multifidus, Pursh., var. terrestris. Gray 297 multifidus, var. /3., Hook 297 var. y. repens 297 murkatus 299 natans, C. E. Meyer 297 Nelsoni,Gr&y 299 var. tenellus, Gray 299 nivalis, var. Eschscholtzii, Wat. 297 occidentalis, Nutt 299 var. Lyallii, Gray 299 var. robustus, Gray 299 var. tenellus, Gray 299 occidentalis. Gray 299 parvulus, Linn 299 Pennsylvanicus 298 repens, Linn., var. hifpidus, Torr.&Gray 298 PAGE reptans, Linn 297 septentrionalis, Poir 298 Beboutea gracilis, Kunth 218 Reseda, Tourn 307 alba, Linn 307 RESEDACBiE (CXVIl.) 307 Rhamnus 315 Pursliiana, DC 315 Rhus 315 aromatica, Ait 315 Canadensis, Marsh 315 Rhvnchospora, Vahl 116 ■ alba, Vahl 107 alba /3. fusca, Pursh 106 capillacea, Torr 107 fusca, Rcem. & Schultes 106 glomerata, Vahl 107 Romanzoffia 343 Sitchensis, Bong 343 Rosa 319 aciculans, Lindl 320 vai. Bourgeauiana,Crepm. 320 Engelmanni, Wat 319 micrantha 320 pisocarpa 320 rubiginosa 320 Sayii, Schwein..., 320 Woodsii, Lindl 320 Woodsii,Wat 320 Eubus 319 neglectus, Peck 319 stellatus, Smith 319 strigosus X leucodermis 319 Rumex 354 Brittanica, Linn 354 occidentalis 354 orbicvlatus, Gray 354 Patientia, Linn 354 Ruppia, Linn 90, 372 lacustris 372 maritima, Linn 90, 372 Sagittaria, Linn 77, 368 calycina, Engel, var. spon- giosa, Engelm 78 gracilis, Pursh 78 graminea, Mx 79 hastaia, Pursh 78 heterophylla, Pursh 78 var. rigida, Engelm 79 latifolia, Willd 77 obtusa, Willd 77 rigida, Pursh 79 sagittifolia, Mx 77 sagittifolia, Pursh 77 var. angusti/olia. Hook .77, 78 var. macrophylla, Hook . . 77 var. simplex, iSook 79 variabilis, Engelm 77, 368 var. angustifolia, Engelm 78 var. diversifolia, Engelm 78 424 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE var. gracilis Engelm 78 var. hastata, Engelm 77 var. latifolia .' - ■■ 77 var. obtusa, Engelm 77 var. pubescens, Engelm . 78 Salix 356 acutifoUa, Hook 358 arbusculoides, Anders 358 arctiea, Pallas 359 aretico, R. Br.... 356 var. petrasa 357 argyocarpa, Anders 356 Barclay i, Anders 357 Barrattiana, Hook 357 Brownii, Bebb 356, 359 commutata, Bebb 360 conjuncta, Bebb 361 cordifolia, Hook 356 crassijiUis, Tre v 359 diphdictya, Traut 359 flavescens, Nutt, var. Scou- leriana, Bebb 357 var. tenuijulis, Anders. • . 357 fvlcrata, var. sub-glauca, An- ' ders 357 herbacea, Linn 357 Hookeriana, Barratt 357 bumilis, JVIarshall 358 humillima, Anders 358 lasiandra, Bentli., var. Fend- leriana, Bebb 358 var. lancifolia, Bebb 358 var. typica, Bebb 358 macrocarpa, Nutt 360 monticola, Bebb 360 myrsinites, Hook 358 myrtillifolia, Anders 358 Novte-Anglise, Anders 358 Fcdlasii, Anders 359 phlebophylla, Anders 359 ■phyllicoides, Anders 357 Richardsoni, Hook 359 var. Macouniana, Bebb . . 359 speciosa, Hook- & Am 360 tmera 359 SALVINIACBiE (CIXV.) 294 Sambucus 331 glauca, Nutt 331 Sanicula 324 Canadensis, I jnu 324 Howellii, C. & R 324 Marilandica, Linn 324 var. Canadensis, Torr.... 324 Nevadensis, Wat 325 Salyriwm repens, Mich 9 321 foliosa, R. Br 321 occidentalis, Wat 321 reflexa,|;Hook 321 PAGE stellaris, Linn., var. comosa, Poir...' 321 Virginiensis 321 Schedonnardus, Steud 215 Texanus, Steud 215 Scheuchzeria, Linn 81 palustris, Linn 81 Schizffia, Smith 285 pusilla, Pureh 285 Scliosnv,s albus, L 107 capitellalus, Michx 107 glomeratus, Linn 107 fvcus, Linn 106 mariscoides, Muhl 107 setaceus, Muhl 107 SchoUera graminea, Willd 54 Scilla Fraseri, Gray 37 Scirpus, Linn 98 acicidaris, Linn 97 Americarms, Pers 99 atrovirens, Muhl 101 Bceothryon, Ehrh 98 crespitosus, Linn 98 capillaceus, Michx 97 capitatus, Vahl 95 Clintonii, Gray 175 Eriphorum, Mx.,var. cyperintis, Gray 102 var. laxus, Gray 102 fluviatilis, Gray 100 lacustris, Linn 99 var. occidentalis, Wat. . . 100 lenticularis, Xorr. 1 01 lineatus, Vahl 103 maritimus, Linn 100 var. (?) ./JuwafiKs, Torr. ..' 100 var. B. macrostachys, Mx. 100 microcarpus, Presl 101 mucronalug, Vahl 99 Nevadensis, Wat 99 ovalus, vahl 95 palustris, Vahl 95 pauciflora, Lightf 98 planifolius, Muhl 175 polyphyllus, Vahl 101 pungens, Vahl 99 pvMlus, Vahl 97 pygmxus, Gray 176 riparius, Spreng 176 robusius, Pursh 100 rostellatus, Torr 96 rufus.Wahl 101 spathaceus, Mx 94 subterminalis, Torr 98 sylvalicus, Linn 101 var. atrovirens, (iray 101 var. digynus, Boeck 101 tenuis, Willd 97 triqueter, Mx 99 vahdus, Vahl 99 INDEX. 425 PAGE Scleria, Berg 108 triglomerata, Mx 1 08 verticillata, Muhl 108 Scolochloa 396 festucacea, Link 396 Scolopendrium, Smith 268 r ufficinarum, Swartz 268 vulgare, Smith 268 Scrophularia 346 Californica, Cham 347 lanceolata, Pursh 347 nodosa, Linn., var. Mari- landica, Gray 346 Scutellaria 350 angustifolia, Pursh 350 Secale, Linn 243 sativum, Linn 243 Sedum 322 Oreganum, Nutt 322 Selaginella, Beauv 291 apus, Spring 292 rupestris. Spring 291 var. ,3., Hook 292 selaginoides, Link 291 spinosa, Beauv 291 SblaginellacbjE (cxxii.). 291 Selinum 328 Canadense b27 Dawsoni, C. &E 328 Pacificum, Wat •.... 328 Senecio 335 aureus, Linn., var. subnudus, Gray 335 sylvaticus, Linn 335 Serpicvla ocddentalis, Pursh ....... 1 Setaria, Beauv 180 glauca, Beauv 180 Italica, Kunth 181 verticillata, Beauv 181 viridis, Beauv 181 Sidalcea 313 malvseflora, Gray 313 Oregana, Gray 313 Silene 309 Cucubalus, Wibel 309 Douglasii. Hook 309 wflata 309 . multicaulis, Nutt 309 Silybum 336 Marianum, Gaertn ••. 336 Sisymbrium 304 humile, C. A. Meyer 304 humile 303 Pannonicum, Jseg 305 sinapistrum, Crantz 305 Sisyrinchium, Linn 25, 863 anceps, Cav 25 apgustifolium, Mill 364 Berrnvdiana, Mx 25 var. anceps, Gray 25 28 PAGE var. nmcronatwm, Gray. . . 25 Califopicum, Ait 25 grandiflorum, Dougl 25 lineatum, Torrey 25 mucronatum, Mx 25 mucronatum, Michx 364 Smilacina, Desf. 30, 364 amplexicaulis, Nutt 31 amplmcavlis 364 bureahs, Pursh 47 bifolia, Hook 33 bifoUa, Roem 32 var. Canadensis, Gray 32 Canadense, Pursh 32 eiliata, Pursh 31 raoemosa, Desf 31, 364 var. amplexicaulis, Nutt . . 31 racemosa, Hook 31 sepsilifolia, Nutt 31, 365 stel lata, Desf. 30 stellata, Hook 31 stellata 364 trifolia, Desf 32 uniflora, Menzies 47 Sinilax, Linn 26 cauduca, Pursh 26 herbacea, Linn 27 hispida, Muhl 27 lasioneuron, Hook 27 peduncidaris, Muhl 27 pidvendenta, Mx 27 quadrangularis, Pursh 26 rolundifolia, Linn 26 var. guadrangidaris, Gray. 26 Solanum 346 nigrum, Linn., var. nodi- florum. Gray 346 var. villosum. Mill 346 Solea, Spreng 307 concolor, Ging 307 Sorghum nutans, Gray 185 Sparganium, Linn 69, 367 affine, Schnitzlein 71, 367 androcladum, Morong 70 var. fluctuans, Morong. . . 70 eurycarpum, Engelm . , 69 hyperboreum, Lsest., var. Americannm, Beeby 71 minimum, Fries 71, 367 natans, Linn 71 ramosum, Huds 69 ramosum. Smith 70 simplex, Huds 70, 367 var. acaule, Beeby 367 var. androcladum, Eng. . . 70 var. anguslifolium, Gray... 71 var. fluitans, Engelm .... 70 var. longissima. Fries. .. 367 var. Nuttallii, Engelm . . . 367 var. Nuttallii 70 426 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE Spartina, Schreb , . . . 182, 389 cynosuroides, Willd 182 gracilis, Trin 182, 389 juncea, Willd 182 polystachya, Hook 183 polystachya, Willd 183 stricta, Roth., var. alterni- flora, Gray 183 var. glabra, Gray 183 Spergtdaria media 309 rubra, Presl 310 nalina ; . . . . 310 Sphseralcea 313 acerifolia, Nutt 313 ri,vularis, Torr 313 Spirsea 318 Douglasii, Hook., var. Men- zlesii., Presl 318 salidfoHa 318 Spiranthes, Rich 7 cercua, Rich 8 cernua. Rich 8 deeipiens, Hook 10 gracilis, Bigel 8 latifolia, Torr 7 plantaginea, Torr 7 Romanzoviana, Cham 8 Spirodela, Schleidon 368 polyrrhiza, Schleid 368 polyrrhiza, Schleid 75 Sporobolus, R. Br 197, 391 arenaeeus, Buckl 197 asperifolius, Thumber 197, 391 cryptandrus. Gray 197, 391 cuspidatus, Scribner. 197 depanperatus, Scrib 197 heterolepis, Gray 198 IndvMs 198 vaginseflorus, Vasey 198 Stellaria 309 aquatica, Scopoli 309 Stenanthium, A. Gray 52 occidentale, Gray 52 Stipa, Linn 190, 389 avenacea, Linn 190 Canadensis, Poir 192 capillaia, Hook 190 Columbiana, Macoun 191, 390 comata, Trin. & Rupr 190, 391 ^menoides, Rsem. & Sclmltz. . 193 juncea, Mich-K 192 juncea, Nutt 190 Macounii, Scrib 390 membrancea, Pursh 193 ocddentalis, Bol 190 parmjlora, Nutt 191 Richardsonii, Link 190, 390 var. major 191 Richardsonii 390 spartea, Trin 191, 390 PAGE spartea. Hook 191 viridula, Trin 191 inridvla 390 Streptopus, Mx 28 amplexicaulis, Poir 28 amplexifolius, DC 28 distortus, Michx 28 lanuginosus, Pursh 45 roseus, Michx 29 Strulhiopteris Oermanica, Willd. • • 281 var. Pennsylvanica, Laws.. 281 Pennsylvanica, Willd 281 Stylophorum, Nutt 300 diphyllum, Nutt. 300 Subularia 306 aquatica, Linn 306 Sy mphoricarpus 331 mollis, ISut 331 Symplocarpus, Salisb 73 foetidus, Salisb 73 kamtschalicm. Bong 73 Syntherisma prcecux, Wat 179 Talinum, Adns 312 spinescens, Torr 312 Taxus 361 brevifolia, Nutt , . . 361 Tetradymia 335 canescens, DC 335 Teucrinm 349 Botrys, Linn 349 Canadense, Linn 349 occidentale, Gray 349 Thalictrum 295 anemonoides 395 Comuti 295 minus, Linn., var. Kemense Trelease 295 polygamum, Muhl 295 purpurascens 296 venulosum, Trelease 296 Thaspium 326 aureum, Nutt 325 var. aplerum, Gray 325 var. trifollatum, C. & R. . 326 trifolialum, Gray 326 Thlaspi 306 perfoliatum, Linn 306 Tiarella , . . . 322 laciniata, Hook 322 Tiedemannia, DC 330 rigida, C. & R 330 Tipularia discolor, Beck 2 Tissa macrotheca, Britt 310 marina, Britt 309 ' rwfera, Britt 310 salina, Britt 310 Tofieldia, Huds 43 borealis, Wahl 43 coccinea. Rich 44 var. major. Hook 44 INDEX. 42T PAGE glutinosa, Willd 44 occidentalis, Wat 44 pahistris, , Huds 43 pusUla, Pursh 43 Tolmiea 322 Menziesii, T. & G 322 Tovaria racemosa, Baker 31 sesdlifolia, Baker 31 trifolia, Baker. 32 Trachynotia cynosuroides, Mx 182 juncea, Mx 182 Trichodium deeumbens, Michx 199 laxifolium, Michx 199 perennans, Ell 392 scabrwm, Muhl 199 Tricliophorum, alpinum, Pursh 103 cyperinum, Pers 102 Trifolium 316 cyathiferum, Lindl 316 Triglochin, Linn 79 maritimum, L 80 var. elatum, Gr 80 palustre, L 79 Trigonella 316 comiculata 316 hamosa, Linn .-. . . 316 Trillium, Linn 48 camtschaticum, Pursh 50 cernuum, Linn 50 cemuum, Wat 49 erectuni, Linn., var. album, Pursh 49 var. atropurpureum, Hook 48 var. declinatum, Gr 49 var. ochroleucum. Hook. 49 erythronarpum, Michx 50 grandiflorum, Salisb 50 grandiflorum, Hook 50 obovatum, Pursh 48 ovatum, Pursh 50 pictum, Pursh 50 rhombrideum, var. atropvr- pureum, Michx 48 vax. grandiflorum, Myi. .. 50 Triphora pendula, Nutt 11 Trilapsis, Beauv 217 purpurea, Chap 217 Trisetum, Pers 211, 394 airoides, EcBm. & Schultz 212 canescens, Buckl 211, 394 cernuum, Trin 211, 394 elatum, Bol 211 moUe,TTm 212 subspicatum, Beauv 212 var. molle. Gray 212 Triteleia grandiflora, Lindl 34 Triticum, Linn 243 segUcrpiodes, Turcz 242 canirmm, Schreb 241 PAGE var. /3.,Hook 242 dasystachyum, Gray 241 repens, Linn 242 var. dasystachyum, Hook. 241 var. glaucum, Vasey 242 strigoaum, Less 241 violaceum, Hornem 243 vulgare, Linn 243 Tsuga 362 Pattoniana, Engelm 362 Tunica, Scop 308 saxifraga. Scop 308 Turriiis brachycarpa, Torr. & Gray 303 glabra, Torr. & Gray 303 var. 13., Torr. & Gray. ... 303 stricta, Torr 303 Typha, Linn 69 ant^ustifolia, Linn 69 latifolia, Linn 69 TypHACB^ (cxi.)., 69 Udora Canadensis, Nutt 1 vertidllata, Spreng 1 Uncinia bremseta, Torr 109 Urachne asperifolia, Trin 192 hremcaudala, Trin 192 lanata, Trin 193 leucosperma. Link 192 racemosa, Trin 193 Uralepis purpurta, Nutt 217 Urtica 354 holosericea, Nutt o55 Lyallii, Wat 354 Utricularia 348 gibba, Linn 348 minor, Linn 348 Uvularia, Linn 44 grandiflora. Smith 45 lanuginosa, Pursh 45 lanuginosa, Pers 46 lanuginosa. Hook 46 var. major. Hook 46 perfoliatia, Linn 44 var. major, Michx 45 var. minor, Michx 44 puberula. Rich 46 sessilifolia, Linn 45 sessilifolia, Linn 365 Smithii, Hook 45 Yaccinium 338 occidentale, Gray 338 uliginosum, Linn., var. mu- cronatum, Herder 338 Vahlodea atropurpurea 393 Valerianella, Tourn 331 anomala. Gray 331 Vallisneria, Linn 1 Americana, Mx 1 spiralis, Linn 1 Veratrum, Linn 51 album, Mx 51 428 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE var. EschscfioUm, DawBon 51 Eschschollzii, Gray 51 viride, Ait 51 Verbena 349 bracteosa, Michx 349 Vesicaria arenosa, Rich 305 arctica, Rich 806 iMdomciana, DC 305, 306 Vicia 317 Americana, Muhl., var. trun- cata, Brewer 317 Vilfa nrundinacea, Trin 201 aspera, Logie 197 asperifoliiis, Nees. & Meyer. . . 197 cryptandra, Trin 197 (Mspidata, Trin , 197 depauperata, Torr. 197 heterolepis, Gray 198 stolonifera, Hoolc. & Arn 200 tenadsgima, Hook 198 va^TMeflora, Torr 198 vitilis, Torr. 197 Vinca, Linn 341 minor, Linn 341 Viola 307 blanria, Willd., var. pulustri- formis, Gray 307 var. renifolia, Gray 307 blanda. 307 canina, L., var. puberula, Wat 3iJ8 XHT. rupestris, Regel 308 cucullota, Ait 308 var. cordata, Gray 308 var. palmata, Gray 307 delphinifolia, Nutt 308 LangsdorflBi, Fisch 308 Nutlallii, var. prsemorsa, Wat. 308 var. lingusefolia, 307 palmata, Linn 307 var. cucullata. Gray 308 pedatiflda, G. Don 308 prsemorsa, Dougl 308 primulsefolia, Linn., var. oc- cidentalis. Gray 307 PAGE var. scabriuscula, T. & G. . 308 renifolia, Gray 307 Wolffia, Horliel 76, 368 Brasiliensis, Weddell 76, 368 Columbiana, Karsten 76, 368 Woodsia, R. Br 282 alpina, S. F. Gray 282 var. glabella, Eaton 282 glabella, R. Br 282 hyperborea, R. Br 282 Ilvensis, R. Br 283 obtusa. Torrev 283 Oregana, D. C. Eaton 284 scopuUna, D. C. Eaton 284 Woodwardia, Smith 264 Banisteriana, Michx 264 Vvlypteroides, Pursh 264 Virginica, Smith 26| Xerophy Hum, Mx 43, 365 tenax, Nutt 43, 365 XvEiDas: (cix.) 54 Xyris, Linn 54 Caroliniana, Pursh 54 flexuosa, Muhl., var. pnsilla, Gray 54 Jupacai, Mx 54 Zannichellia, Linn 90 palustris, Linn 90 Zizania, Linn 183 aquatica, Linn 183 clavulosa, Mx 183 Zizia, Koch 325 aurea, Koch 325 cordata, Koch 326 Zost«ra, Linn 90 marina, Linn 90 Zygandenus, Mx 52 chlcrranlhus, Rich 52 elegans, Pursh 52 glaueun, Nutt 52 Nwltallii, Gray 53 paniculatus, Wat 53 venenosus, Wat 53 m.T^^i