SEWAGE DISPOSAL 
 
 EXPERIMENIS,..— 
 
 gloversville; N. Y. 
 
 
CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 The Library of 
 EMIL KUICHLING, C. E. 
 
 The Gift of 
 
 Sarah L. Kuichling 
 
 1919 
 
Cornell University Library 
 TD 745.E22 
 
 Report to the Common Council of the City 
 
 3 1924 004 982 348 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924004982348 
 
Report 
 
 to the 
 
 Common Council 
 
 of the 
 
 City of Gloversville, N. Y. 
 
 on 
 
 Selvage Purification 
 Experiments 
 
 and 
 
 Selvage Disposal 
 
 by 
 Harrison P. Eddy 
 
 AND 
 
 Morrell Vrooman 
 
 Gloversville, N. Y., Aug. 7. 1909 
 
Table of Contents 
 
 Introduction 
 
 Resume of Studies ;s „ 
 
 Recommendations , o 
 
 General Conditions -,. 
 
 Industries -j^ . 
 
 The Cayadutta Creek 14 
 
 Sewage and Creek Plow 15 
 
 Litigation 25 
 
 Sewer System and Sewage Ig 
 
 Water Supply ^^g 
 
 Methods of Purification of Sewage IG 
 
 Reasons for Further Investigation and for Establishing an Experiment 
 
 Station X8 
 
 Description of Experiment Station 19 
 
 Temperature of Air and. Sewage - 23 
 
 Precipitation 26 
 
 Relation of Industries to Problem of Sewage Disposal 27 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks and Ordinance Relating to Mill Tanks 31 
 
 Mill Tanks Constructed, with Dimensions 34 
 
 Quality of Influent and Effluent of Mill Tanks 35 
 
 Sludge in Mill Tanks 36 
 
 Standard for Quantity of Suspended Matter in Mill Tank Effluents. . . 38 
 
 Character of Sludge Deposited in Mill Settling Tanks 39 
 
 Quantity of Sewage 40 
 
 Typical Hourly Flow of Domestic Sewage and Mill Wastes 42 
 
 Character of Sewage 45 
 
 Daily Variation in Character of Sewage 43 
 
 Hourly Variation in Character of Sewage 48 
 
 Character of Station Sewage 57 
 
 Composition of Sewage Compared with that of Other Cities. ... 60 
 
 Character of Sewage received between 7 a. m. and 6 p. m 62 
 
 Effect of Incubating Samples of Sewage B4 
 
 Expefiments with Screening 68 
 
 Experiments with Grit Chamber •. 69 
 
 Experiments with Septic Treatment 71 
 
 Experiments with Sedimentation 87 
 
 Comparison of Sludge Produced by Septic and Sedimentation Processes 96 
 
 Experiments with Sprinkling Filters 9'? 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 1 ^^ 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 2 ^02 
 
Sprinkling Filter No. 3 ■'"^^ 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 4 " ^^^ 
 
 Results of Experiments with Settling of Sprinkling Filter EiHuents. . 115 
 
 Settling Basin No. 1 ^^'^ 
 
 Sprinkling Basin No. 2 ■^^'' 
 
 Conclusions as to Possibility of Satisfactorily Purifying the 
 Sewage by Septic or Sedimentation Tanks, and Sprinkling 
 
 Filters 121 
 
 Sludge from Settling Basins 121 
 
 Experiments with Intermittent Sand Filter No. 1 123 
 
 Experiments with Intermittent Sand Filter No. 2 125 
 
 Bacteria in Sewage in Various Effluents 126 
 
 Comparison of Sewage with Effluents from Various Processes of Puri- 
 fication 127 
 
 Acknowledgment 128 
 
 Tables in Text 
 
 Table 
 
 1 Mechanical Analysis of Sand 22 
 
 2 No. Days in Dec, Jan'y, Peb'y and Mar. of each year when the 
 
 Min. Temp, of the Air was below that Specified 23 
 
 3 No. of Days in Month when Temp, were below those specified. ... 24 
 
 4 Temp, of Air at 6 o'clock (A. M.) Within and Without Filter House 25 
 
 5 Monthly Averages of Temp, of Crude Sewage at Gloversvllle, N. 
 
 y., and Waterbury, Ct., Experiment Stations 26 
 
 6 Precipitation at Gloversville, N. Y 26 
 
 7 Snow Fall at Gloversvilie, N. Y 27 
 
 8 Quantity of Wastes Discharged by the Several Manufacturers. . . 28 
 
 9 List and Approx. Quantities of Chemicals and in Tanneries 30 
 
 10 Mill Settling Constructed 34 
 
 11 Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent of Mill Settling Tank. 
 
 12 Amount of Suspended Matter, Influents and Effluents, and 
 
 amounts retained in Mill Settling Tanks, calculated as sludge, 
 containing 10% Solids 
 
 13 Quantity of Susp. Matter Actually Retained in Mill Set. Tanks 
 
 compared with that which would have been retained had Tanks 
 shown an efficiency of 70% Removal 37 
 
 14 Composition of Sludge Deposited in the Various Mill Settling 
 
 Tanks 4Q 
 
 15 Measurements of Discharge from outfall Sewer ^-^ 
 
 16 Longest Period in Each Month when Station Sewage' exceeded 
 
 Specified Quantities 4, 
 
 34 
 
 36 
 
17 Typical Hourly Flow of Domestic Sewage, Mill Wastes and Total 
 
 Sewage Received at Station 44 
 
 18 Results of Chemical Analysis of Station Sewage, lor each of the 
 
 Days of the Week follows p. 46 
 
 19 Crude Sewage, Hourly Variation (Sunday) 49 
 
 20 Crude Sewage, Hourly Variation (Monday) 50 
 
 21 Crude Sewage, Hourly Variation (Tuesday) 51 
 
 22 Crude Sewage, Hourly Variation (Wednesday) 52 
 
 23 Crude Sewage, Hourly Variation (Thursday) 53 
 
 24 Crude Sewage, Hourly Variation (Friday) 54 
 
 25 Crude Sewage, Hourly Variation (Saturday) 55 
 
 26 Time of Day when Various Constituents were found to be present 
 
 in Largest Quantities 56 
 
 27 Monthly Avgs. of Results of Chemical Analyses of Station Sewage 59 
 
 28 Average Results of Chemical Analyses of Sewage of Various Cities 61 
 
 29 Average Analyses of Station Sewage Received during Entire Day 
 
 and during ten-hour A^'orking Period 63 
 
 30 Chemical Analyses of Sewage Showing Effect of Incubation at 
 
 Room Temperature 65 
 
 31 Chemical Results showing Effect of Incubating a Sample of Sew- 
 
 age at Room Temperature for 7 days with Analyses every 24 
 
 hours 67 
 
 32 Data Relating to Screening Sewage 68 
 
 33 Data Relating to Operation of Grit Chamber 70 
 
 34 Analyses of Sludge removed from Grit Chamber 70 
 
 35 Periods of Operation of and Rate of Flow through Septic Tank. . . 72 
 
 36 Monthly Avgs. of Chemical Analyses of Effluent from Septic Tank 74 
 
 37 Temperature of Sewage in Septic Effluent (Deg. F.) 
 
 38 Data relating to Sludge collected in Septic Tank 
 
 39 Data relating to Sludge removed from Septic Tank at end of 
 
 Summer and Winter Periods 
 
 40 Quantity of Sludge removed from Septic Tank reduced to Uni- 
 
 form Density 
 
 41 Quantity of Sludge produced by Septic Tanks in Various Places . 
 
 42 Quantity of Solids in Sludge of Septic Tank 
 
 43 Suspended Solids removed from Sewage Compared with Solids 
 
 found in Sludge 
 
 41 Analyses of Sludge from Septic Tank 
 
 45 Depth and Volume of Sludge deposited in the Several Sections of 
 
 Septic Tank 
 
 46 Density and Composition of Sludge in the Several Compartments 
 
 of Tank 
 
 47 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent to 
 
 Settling Tank 
 
 75 
 79 
 
 80 
 
 81 
 82 
 83 
 
 84 
 84 
 
90 
 91 
 92 
 
 92 
 
 48 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent 
 
 from Settling Tank 
 
 49 Data Relating to Sludge Collected in Settling Tank 
 
 49-A Quantity of Solids in Sludge from Settling Tank 
 
 50 Quantity of Sludge removed from Settling Tank reduced to a Uni- 
 
 form Density 
 
 51 Quantity of Sludge produced by Sedimentation Tanks In Various 
 
 Places 93 
 
 52 Depth and Volume of Sludge deposited in the Several Sections of 
 
 Settling Tank 94 
 
 53 Density and Composition of Sludge in the Several Compartments 
 
 of Tank 94 
 
 54 Suspended Solids Removed from Sewage Compared with Solids 
 
 found in Sludge 95 
 
 55 Voids in Sprinkling Filters 99 
 
 56 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent of 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 1 101 
 
 57 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 2 102 
 
 58 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent to 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 2 102 
 
 59 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 2 103 
 
 60 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent to 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 3 105 
 
 61 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 3 105 
 
 62 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent to 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 4 106 
 
 63 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 4 107 
 
 64 Averages of Results of all the Analyses of all the Sprinkling Fil- 
 
 ters 110 
 
 65 Proportion of all samples taken from Sprinkling Filters and Set- 
 
 tling Basins that were Putresclble Ill 
 
 66 Quantity of Suspended Matter in Influent and Eflluent of Sprink- 
 
 ling Filters Nos. 1 and 2 and Settling Basin No. 1 116 
 
 Diagrams 
 
 No. 
 
 1 Typical Hourly Quantity of Sewage follows p. 44 
 
 2 Typical Rates of Sewage Discharge follows p, 44 
 
 3 Hourly Fluctuation In Quantity of Chlorine in Sewage on Different 
 
 Days in the Week follows p. 54 
 
10 
 
 Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity of Organic Nitrogen in Sewage of 
 
 Different Days in the Week fallows p. 54 
 
 Hourly Fluctuations in Quantity of Free Ammonia in Sewage of 
 
 Different Days in the Week fo„ows p. 54 
 
 Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity of Suspended Matter in Sewage 
 
 on Different Days of Week follows p 54 
 
 Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity of Nitrogen as Nitrates in Sewage 
 
 on Different Days of the Week follows p, 54 
 
 Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity of Nitrogen as Nitrites in Sewage 
 
 on Different Days of the Week follows p. 54 
 
 Increase in Quantity of Dissolved Oxygen and Nitrates in Effluent 
 
 from Septic Tank Corresponding to Reduction in Temperature 
 
 and Increase in Quantity of Sewage follows p. 76 
 
 List of Appendices 
 
 Appendix A. Maximum and Minimum Daily Temperatures of Air at 
 Gloversville for Months of December, January, Feb- 
 ruary and March, from 1898 to 1908 inclusive 129-133 
 
 Appendix B. Quantities of Crude Sewage delivered by Intercepting 
 Sewer, Temperature of Air and Condition of <(Veath- 
 
 er, February, 1908-June, 1909 : 135-154 
 
 Appendix C. Temperatures of Air in Filter House 155-157 
 
 Appendix D. Results of Chemical Analyses of Station Sewage 159-173 
 
 Appendix E. Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent from Grit 
 
 Chamber 175-177 
 
 Appendix F. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 from Septic Tank 179-190 
 
 Appendix G. Data relating to the Character of Sludge of the Several 
 
 Compartments of Septic and Settling Tanks 191-195 
 
 Appendix H. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 of Settling Tank 197-208 
 
 Appendix I. Results of Analyses of Influent and Effluent of Sprink- 
 ling Filter No. 1 209-222 
 
 Appendix J. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 of Sprinkling Filter No. 2 223-236 
 
 Appendix K. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 of Sprinkling Filter No. 3 237-250 
 
 Appendix L. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 of Sprinkling Filter No. 4 251-264 
 
 Appendix M. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 of Settling Basin No. 1 265-275 
 
 Appendix N. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 of Settling Basin No. 2 277-287 
 
Appendix 0. Results of Chemical Analyses ot Influent and Effluent ^^^_^^^ 
 of Sand Filter No. 1 
 
 Appendix P. Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 of Sand Filter No. 2 
 
 Appendix Q. Results of Chemical Analyses ot Station Sewage Sam- 
 ples taken in proportion to the Flow, and Samples 
 taken throughout the day 
 
 Appendix R. Daily Temperatures of Station Sewage and Various 
 
 Effluents 311-314 
 
 Appendix S. Methods of Analysis 315 
 
 299-305 
 
 307-309 
 
 Appendix Tables 
 
 A. Maximum and Minimum Winter Temperatures, Gloversville, N. Y. 129 
 
 B. Quantities of Crude Sewage Delivered by Intercepting Sewer, 
 
 Temperature of Air and Condition of Weather 135 
 
 C. Temperature of Air in Filter House 155 
 
 D. Crude Sewage (Daily Analyses) 159 
 
 E. Grit Chamber (Daily Analyses) 175 
 
 F. Septic Tank. (Daily Analyses) 179 
 
 G. Data relating to Character of Sludge in the Several Compart 
 
 ments of Septic and Settling Tanks 191 
 
 H. Settling Tank, Influent and Effluent (Daily Analyses) 197 
 
 1. Sprinkling Filter No. 1 (Daily Analyses) Influent and Effluent. , . 209 
 
 .1. Sprinkling Filter No. 2 (Daily Analyses) Influent and Effluent. . . 223 
 
 K. Sprinkling Filter No. 3 (Daily Analyses) Influent and Effluent. . . 237 
 
 L. Sprinkling Filter No. 4 (Daily Analyses) Influent and Effluent. . . 251 
 
 M. Settling Basin No. 1 (Daily Analyses) (Influent and Effluent) .... 265 
 
 N. Settling Basin No. 2 (Daily Analyses) (Influents and Effluents). . 277 
 
 O. Sand Filter Xo. 1 (Daily Analyses, Influents and Effluents) 289 
 
 P. Sand Filter No. 2 (Daily Analyses, Influents and Effluents) 299 
 
 Q. Difference between sampling in uniform amounts throughout 
 
 twenty- four hours and proportional to flow 307 
 
 R. Temperature of Crude Sewage and various Effluents 311 
 
 S. Methods of Analysis 315 
 
August 7, 1909. 
 
 To the Honorable Mayor and C*ty Council 
 of the City of Gloversville, N. Y. 
 
 <Jentlemen, — 
 
 In conformity with various resolutions and orders passed by your honor- 
 able body, the problem of sewage disposal at Gloversville has been made the 
 subject of an exhaustive study, involving making many measurements and 
 analyses and carrying out experiments upon several methods of purification 
 for the period of nearly one year. These investigations have proceeded suf- 
 ficiently far to enable your engineers to answer many of the questions re- 
 lating to the purification of the sewage which arose at the time the problem 
 was first pretsented. Accordingly, the following report has been prepared 
 ■covering the measurements, analyses and studies which have been made. 
 
 To enable you at the outset to gain a general idea of the subject matter 
 of this report and the conclusions drawn from the various studies, a resume 
 of tie various subjects herein discussed is here presented. 
 
 RESUME OF STUDIES. 
 
 The population of the City of Gloversville Is estimated at about 20,000 at 
 the present time. The city has provided a system of sewers which fairly 
 well accommodates the present population. In 1903 it was estimated that 
 nearly 16,000 people or 80% of the population were served by the sewers. 
 In addition to the domestic sewage from this population, the sewers also re- 
 ceive, at the present time, the industrial wastes from about twenty tanneries, 
 •or skin mills, engaged in the manufacture of fine grades of leather. Since the 
 establishment of the skin mills and the building of the intercepting sewer, all 
 of the sewage and the mill wastes have been discharged into Cayadutta Creek, 
 B small stream passing through the center of the city. The dilution afforded 
 by the creek is as low in the dry" season as one part of sewage to two parts 
 of creek water. 
 
 The condition of the waters flowing in the creek below the city became 
 so bad that litigation was instituted in 1899 by riparian owners, for the pur- 
 pose of collecting damages and obtaining an injunction against the City of 
 Gloversville to prohibit the discharge of sewage into the creek. This action 
 hrought the city face to face with the problem of sewage disposal, which has 
 been In litigation and under investigation from that date to the present time. 
 
 Realizing the ultimate necessity of purifying the sewage, the city early 
 began the construction of surface water drains so as to provide separate 
 channels for storm water and for sewage. This work has progressed well, 
 although at the present time there are 3.6 miles of combined sewers which 
 receive surface water as well as sewage. There are also a large number of 
 houses the roofs of which discharge storm water into the sewers connected 
 with the intercepting sewer. It is very Important that the separate system 
 of sewers and drains be early completed and that the connections from the 
 
roofs referred to be so altered as to exclude from the sewer system tue- 
 storm water collected by them. The separate system now comprises ^ • 
 miles of sewers. 
 
 Several methods of purifying the sewage were available to the city and 
 are explained and discused in detail in this report. These methods are des- 
 ignated as follows: 
 
 Sertic Tank Treatment. 
 Sedimentation. 
 
 Sedimentation of Sprinkling Filter Effluent. 
 Filtration through Sprinkling Filters. 
 
 Intermittent Filtration of Sprinkling Filter Efflluents through Sand. 
 Intermittent Filtration of Crude Sewage through Sand. 
 Some of these methods are preparatory or partial in their nature, so that 
 only three independent and complete methods have been investigated. These 
 are- 
 First: treatment of sewage by septic process or sedimentation, fol- 
 lowed by filtration through sprinkling filters, followed in turn by 
 sed'mentation. 
 Second: the same method as above described with additional inter- 
 mittent filtration of the effluents through sand. 
 Third: intermittent filtration of crude sewage through sand filters. 
 There were three main reasons for undertaking the experimental studies 
 described in this report: 
 
 1. The determination of the charactetr of the industrial wastes pro- 
 duced at the individual tanneries and the methods which might be avail- 
 able for reducing to a minimum their injurious effects upon any process 
 of purification which might be adopted. 
 
 2. Gloversville is so situated that the climate is cool throughout 
 most of the summer, and very cold during the winter, which season may 
 be cons'dered as including four months of the year. The organisms re- 
 quired for the purification of the sewage do not thrive at low tempera- 
 tures, consequently it became a matter of grave doubt whether the tem- 
 perature at Gloversville was not sufficiently low to prevent the success- 
 ful action of these organisms. 
 
 3. The several methods of purification are all dependent, in at least 
 one stage of the process, upon the action of living organisms. These or- 
 ganisms require certain conditions of environment, without which it is 
 impossible for them to live and do their work. Certain chemicals known 
 to be present in the wastes from the Gloversville mills, are injurious to 
 them, and if present in sufficient quantities would actually sterilize the 
 sewage and prevent any biological action whatever. The wastes from so 
 many tanneries, mingled with the sewage from such a comparatively 
 small population, produces a sewage containing large quantities of chem- 
 icals, the exact effect of which upon the living organisms could not be de- 
 termined without special study and experimental work. 
 
 The several tanneries treat annually about 9,000,000 lbs. of skins and use 
 In their work about 8,000,000 lbs. of chemical reagents and other substances. 
 Large quantities of refuse from the skins, and from the Inert portions of 
 the chemical reagents, as well as dve-stuffs and some of the active agents in 
 the spent liquors together with wash waters, constitute the mill wastes. Al- 
 though large portions of the solid waste matters from the tanks are taken 
 
to the hair mill and there treated to recover the hair, yet the analyses of the 
 creek water indicate that the dry matters finding their way into the creek at 
 the time the analyses were made, and now discharged into the mill settling 
 tanks, amount to as much as 30,000 pounds per day. A large portion of this 
 material is insoluble in water, and consequently leaves the tanneries sus- 
 pended in the liquid wastes. If such materials are turned into the sewer it is 
 probable that they will cause serious trouble by the formation of deposits. 
 In adiition to the danger of forming deposits in the sewer and thus eventually 
 choking it or requiring removal at large expense, these substances would 
 prove a serious burden to the sewage disposal works. After making careful 
 studies of the various phases of this problem, it was decided that the wisest 
 course was to require each mill to install a settling tank and pass the mill 
 wastes through such tanks before allowing them to enter the intercepting 
 sewer. Accordingly tanks have been built at the various tanneries, and 
 have been in use throughout a large portion of the time covered by the work 
 at the experiment station. Most of the tanks were built in 1907. 
 
 In 190S, the City Council passed an ordinance requiring the construction 
 of such tanks, providing for their Inspection and cleaning from time to time, 
 and stipulating that in the future the tanks should be modified, as directed 
 by the City Council, to meet the requirements of the sewage disposal plant. 
 
 These tanks have been inspected at intervals and reports made to the va- 
 rious owners upon the conditions found. In some cases the tanks have been 
 promptly cleaned when inspection proved that such actions was necessary, but 
 in O-her cases there has been considerable delay. Some of the tanks fill with 
 sludge in a very short time, and delay in cleaning results in a large portion 
 of such matter passing over into the sewer. The Importance of securing the 
 prompt removal of the sludge from the tanks cannot tte too strongly urged, 
 and steps should be taken to insure such action. 
 
 The removal of suspended matted effected by some of the tanks has run 
 as high as 909?^. If this degree of eiBciency could be maintained the effluents 
 would all pass the standard of 300 parts per million of suspended matter. On 
 many occasions this degree of efficiency has not been reached and the sus- 
 suspended matter in the millwastes has not been removed in many cases 
 even to the extent of 70%, which is a very conservative standard under all 
 conditions. It would seem wise to so inspect and require the cleaning of the 
 tanks as to maintain in the future a removal of at least 70% of the suspended 
 matter in the mill wastes, and if possible to secure effluents from all mills 
 which should contain no more than 300 parts of suspended matter per million. 
 The amount of sludge actually retained in all of the tanks, calculated on the 
 basis of 10% solid matter, amounted to about 25,800 pounds per day at the 
 time the test analyses were made. Had the efficiency of the tanks been suffi- 
 cient to remove 70% of the suspended matter, this quantity would have been 
 increased to over 33,800 pounds. Obviously the quantity represented by the 
 difference between these figures found its way into the sewers. 
 
 The sludge produced at the various mill tanks varies greatly in density, 
 some of it containing as much as 30% solid matter. In general, the sludge 
 produced at those tanneries where large quantities of lime are used is heav- 
 ier and more dense than that produced at other tanneries where aluminum 
 salts are the chief chemicals used. The nitrogenous matter in the sludge is 
 in general rather low, while the fats are comparatively high, reaching in one 
 case as high as 32%. The sludge removed from the tanks by the mill owners 
 
is mostly wasted, there being comparatively little demand for this material 
 for use as a fertilizer and no other method of utilizing it has been tried. 
 
 When it is considered that in some years the minimum temperature falls 
 to 10° Pahr. or less, on over 50 days, and to 0° or below on over thirty days, 
 and that the average snowfall is about 88 inches per year, it will be realized 
 that the climatic conditions under which a sewage disposal plant must operate 
 are unusually severe. The winter of 1908-09 was, however, much milder than 
 many of those during which the records of temperature Jiave been kept, and 
 In considering the experimental work due weight should be given to this fact. 
 Had there been sufficient time to carry on these experiments during sev- 
 eral winters, it would have been very desirable to do at least one winter's 
 work without any protection from the weather. Since it was impracticable, 
 however, to carry on the experiments through more than one winter, it was 
 decided to protect the various tanks and filters, with one exception, by means 
 of a wooden build:ng, so that the various questions under investigation might 
 be studied throughout the winter season without interruption, even though 
 the results obtained were influenced to some extent by the warmer tempera- 
 ture of the air surrounding the filters. The effect of housing the filters was 
 to produce about them a very uniform temperature, almost invariably above 
 the freezing point. 
 
 The temperature of the crude sewage delivered to the experime-nt station 
 was somewhat lower than that which has been recorded at several otber cities 
 in this country where the sewage problem has received careful study. A 
 comparison of the temperatures of the sewage at Waterbury, Conn., with 
 those at Gloversville, show that the latter were from 3° to 4° lower during 
 the winter, but that during the summer and fall months there was a much 
 greater difference, the Gloversville sewage during the month of September 
 being 12° co'der than that of ^\'aterbury. 
 
 The results of the measurements of the quantity of sewage delivered by 
 the intercepting sewer since the establishment of the experimental station, 
 may be summarized as follows; 
 
 Average daily flow 2,600,000 gallons 
 
 Average flow for holidays 2.320,000 
 
 Maximum flow for single day 7,500,000 
 
 Maximum rate of flow 10,200,000 
 
 Wastes from tanneries and hair mill not 
 
 connected with sewers 300,000 " 
 
 From these measurements it is evident that the plant as at first installed 
 must be capable of treating an average of at least 3 million gallons per day, 
 and that it must be able to take a maximum flow at least as great as 7,500,000 
 gallons for a single day. It is further important to note that as much as 
 3,500,000 gallons per day may be received for a period of two weeks, and that 
 as much as 5,000,000 gallons per day may be received for a period of one week. 
 The effect of the admission of surface water to the sewers is emphasized by 
 a consideration of the flow during the months from July to November inclu- 
 sive, when the average did not exceed 2,000,000 gallons per day. It should 
 also be noted that provision must be made for receiving the sewage at a max- 
 imum rate of 10,200,000 gallons, although the period during which the flow Is 
 so great will probably be very short, 
 
 The mill sewage at present contributed to the sewers has been found 
 to constitute about 25% of the total flow of sewage. About two-thirds of this. 
 
13 discharged between the hours of 6 A. M. and 6 P. M. The maximum quan- 
 tity of mill wastes discharged during one hour was found to be about 65% of 
 the quantity of domestic sewage discharged during the same hour, or about 
 40% of the quantity of mill wastes and sewage combined. 
 
 The sewage finds its way quickly through the system of sewers and the 
 Intercepting sewer, and reaches the experiment station in a fresh condition. 
 On account of the comparatively short distance through which the sewage 
 flows and the fact that no pumping is required, the suspended matter is not 
 disintegrated as much as is- frequently the case in other places. During times 
 of storm the addition of surface water causes a large increase in the amount 
 of mineral matter in suspension. There appears to be about twice as much 
 suspended matter in the sewage- of Gloversville as in that of other cities in 
 this country where similar studies have been made. 
 
 All of the sewage which has been pumped to the experimental tanks and 
 filters has been passed through coarse screens. Experiments were made to 
 determine the amount of labor required to care for the screens, and the quan- 
 tity of screenings which would be removed therefrom if the entire flow of sew- 
 age were screened. The results of these experiments indicate that from 17 to 
 47 lbs. of screenings would be removed from each million gallons of sewage, 
 and that the services of one man would be required constantly throughout the 
 forenoon and at frequent intervals during the afternoon to keep the screens 
 free unless automatic mechanic devices should be provided. It was also found 
 that under ordinary conditions the screens would require no attention at 
 night. In view of the fact that any preliminary process which may be adopted 
 will involve the' use of tanks, it is believed that thorough screening is not 
 only unnecessary, but should be avoided as involving additional and useless 
 expense, — only such screening beiug done as may be necessary to protect 
 valves and machinery. Provision should be made, however, for the installa- 
 tion of screens at some future time, should any changes in the plant or in the 
 character of the sewage make preliminary screening necessary. 
 
 The presence of considerable storm water at times and the large quan- 
 tities of lime, bits of leather and other solid matters from the tanneries which 
 are present en all of the working days of the week, led to the feeling that 
 grit chambers might be a necessary feature of the proposed disposal plant. 
 Accordingly, an experimental grit chamber was built. The experiments led 
 to the conclusion that it was unwise to provide a chamber so large that 
 large quantities of organic matter would be precipitated in it, and that if the 
 chamber were reduced in size sufficiently to prevent such precipitation, the 
 amount of material retainted therein would be insignificant. _It is, therefore, 
 believed that the construction of grit chambers as a feature of the proposed 
 disposal works is unnecessary, provided suitable settling tanks are construct- 
 ed and efficiently maintained at the various tanneries and mills producing 
 wastes containing suspended matter. In addition it might be well to state 
 that until all the surface water is separated from the sewage, catch basins 
 should be provided to prevent large quantities of street detritus from reach- 
 ing the sewers. 
 
 The unusually large quantity of suspended matter in the sewage of Glov- 
 ersville indicated at the outset that any method of treatment would require^ 
 as a preparatory part of the process, the removal of such matters. This may 
 be effected In three ways, — by chemical precipitation, plain sedimentation, or 
 the septic process. The large quantity of lime and sulphate of alumina pres- 
 
Is mostly wasted, there being comparatively little demand for this material 
 for use as a fertilizer and no other method of utilizing it has been tried. 
 
 When it is considered that in some years the minimum temperature falls 
 to 10° Pahr. or less, on over 50 days, and to 0° or below on over thirty days, 
 and that the average snowfall is about 88 inches per year, it will be realized 
 that the climatic conditions under which a sewage disposal plant must operate 
 are unusually severe. The winter of 1908-09 was, however, much milder than 
 many of those during which the records of temperature iave been kept, and 
 in considering the 'experimental work due weight should be given to this fact. 
 
 Had there been sufficient time to carry on these experiments during sev- 
 eral winters, it would have been very desirable to do at least one winter's 
 work without any protection from the weather. Since it was impracticable, 
 however, to carry on the experiments through more than one winter, it was 
 decided to protect the various tanks and filters, with one exception, by means 
 of a wooden building, so that the various questions under investigation might 
 be studied throughout the winter season without interruption, even though 
 the results obtained were influenced to some extent by the warmer tempera- 
 ture of the air surrounding the filters. The effect of housing the filters was 
 to produce about them a very uniform temperature, almost invariably above 
 the freezing point. 
 
 The temperature of the crude sewage delivered to the experiment station 
 was somewhat lower than that which has been recorded at several other cities 
 in this country where the sewage problem has received careful study. A 
 comparison of the temperatures of the sewage at Waterbury, Conn., with 
 those at Gloversville, show that the latter were from 3° to 4° lower during 
 the winter, but that during the summer and tall months there was a much 
 greater difference, the Gloversville sewage during the month of September 
 being 12° co'der than that of Waterbury. 
 
 The results of the measurements of the quantity of sewage delivered by 
 the intercepting sewer since the establishment of the experimental station, 
 may be summar'zed as follows: 
 
 Average daily flow 2,600,000 gallons 
 
 Average flow for holidays 2,320,000 
 
 Maximum flow for single day 7,500,000 
 
 IVIaximum rate of flow 10,200,000 
 
 Wastes from tanneries and hair mill not 
 
 connected with sewers 300,000 
 
 Prom these measurements it is evident that the plant as at first installed 
 must be capable of treating an average of at least 3 million gallons per day, 
 and that it must be able to take a maximum flow at least as great as*7,500,000 
 gallons for a single day. It is further important to note that as much as 
 3,500,000 gallons per day may be received for a period of two weeks, and that 
 as much as 5,000,000 gallons per day may be received for a period of one week. 
 The effect of the admission of surface water to the sewers is emphasized by 
 a consideration of the flow during the months from July to November inclu- 
 sive, when the average did not exceed 2,000,000 gallons per day. It should 
 also be noted that provision must be made for receiving the sewage at a max- 
 imum rate of 10,200,000 gallons, although the period during which the flow is 
 so great will probably be very short. 
 
 The mill sewage at present contributed to the sewers has been found 
 to constitute about 25% of the total flow of sewage. About two-thirds of this 
 
is discharged between the hours of 6 A. M. and 6 P. M. The maximum quan- 
 tlty of mill wastes discharged during one hour was found to he about 65% of 
 the quantity of domestic sewage discharged during the same hour, or about 
 40% of the quantity of mill wastes and sewage combined. 
 
 The sewage finds its way quickly through the system of sewers and the 
 intercepting sewer, and reaches the experiment station in a fresh condition. 
 On account of the comparatively short distance through which the sewage 
 flows and the fact that no pumping Is required, the suspended matter is not 
 disintegrated as much as is- frequently the case In other places. During times 
 of storm the addition of surface water causes a large increase in the amount 
 of mineral matter In suspension. There appears to be about twice as much 
 suspended matter in the sewage- of Gloversville as in that of other cities in 
 this country where similar studies have been made. 
 
 All of the sewage which has been pumped to the experimental tanks and 
 filters has been passed through coarse screens. Experiments were made to 
 determine the amount of labor required to care for the screens, and the quan- 
 tity of screenings which would be removed therefrom if the entire flow of sew- 
 age were screened. The results of these experiments indicate that from 17 to 
 47 lbs. of screenings would be removed from each million gallons of sewage, 
 and that the services of one man would be required constantly throughout the 
 forenoon and at frequent intervals during the afternoon to keep the screens 
 free unless automatic mechanic devices should be provided. It was also found 
 that under ordinary conditions the screens would require no attention at 
 night. In view of the fact that any preliminary process which may be adopted 
 will involve the' use of tanks, it is believed that thorough screening is not 
 only unnecessary, but should be avoided as involving additional and useless 
 expense, — only such screening being done as may be necessary to protect 
 valves and machinery. Provision should he made, however, for the installa- 
 tion of screens at some future time, should any changes in the plant or in the 
 character of the sewage make preliminary screening necessary. 
 
 The presence of considerable storm water at times and the large quan- 
 tities of lime, bits of leather and other solid matters from the tanneries which 
 are present on all of the working days of the week, led to the feeling that 
 grit chambers might be a necessary feature of the proposed disposal plant. 
 Accordingly, an experimental grit chamber was built. The experiments led 
 to the conclusion that it was unwise to provide a chamber so large that 
 large quantities of organic matter would be precipitated in it, and that if the 
 chamber were reduced in size sufficiently to prevent such precipitation, the 
 amount of material retainted therein would be insignificant. ^It is, therefore, 
 believed that the construction of grit chambers as a feature of the proposed 
 disposal works is unnecessary, provided suitable settling tanks are construct- 
 ed and efficiently maintained at the various tanneries and mills producing 
 wastes containing suspended matter. In addition it might be well to state 
 that until all the surface water is separated from the sewage, catch basins 
 should be provided to prevent large quantities of street detritus from reach- 
 ing the sewers. 
 
 The unusually large quantity of suspended matter in the sewage of Glov- 
 ersville indicated at the outset that any method of treatment would require* 
 as a preparatory part of the process, the removal of such matters. This may 
 be effected in three ways, — by chemical precipitation, plain sedimentation, or 
 the septic process. The large quantity of lime and sulphate of alumina pres- 
 
«nt in the tannery wastes give the sewage a natural chemical treatment, and 
 perhaps assist to some extent in precipitating the suspended matter. The 
 large quantity of sludge produced by sedimentation of the sewage in its 
 natural state prevents the consideration of the addition of any further quan- 
 tities of chemicals for the purpose of deriving a greater benefit from the 
 process of sedimentation. 
 
 Experiments with septic and sedimentation tanks have been conducted, 
 and the results indicate that the quantity of suspended matter in the sewage 
 can be reduced on the average to about 80 parts per million by the sedimen- 
 tation process and 100 parts by the septic treatment. The action of the two 
 tanks does not appear to differ materially, as shown by the analyses of the 
 respective effluents. There is obviously more bacterial growth and action in 
 the septic tank than in the sedimentation tank. This fact is reflected in a 
 slight but apparently unimportant difference in chemical composition of the 
 effluents. 
 
 The quantity of sludge produced by the septic tank at Gloversville is 
 much larger than that produced by most of the other septic tanks of which 
 records are available. At Worcester, during one series of large scale experi- 
 ments, the quantity of sludge actually removed from the tanks per million 
 . gallons was 1.5 cubic yards, whereas that produced at Gloversville was 4.1 
 cubic yards in summer and 4.9 cubic yards in winter. The difference in the 
 quantity of sludge produced is even more apparent when the dry solids con- 
 tained in it are considered. In the case of Worcester, the quantity of dry 
 solid matter in the sludge amounted to 354 lbs. per million gallons, whereas 
 in Gloversville in summer it amounted to 569 lbs. and in winter to 1656 lbs. 
 Based upon the best information obtained from the experiments, it appeared 
 that only about 50% of the solid matter removed from the sewage by the sep- 
 tic tank was removed from the tank in the form of sludge, the balance having 
 disappeared. 
 
 The quantity of sludge produced by the sedimentation tank averaged 6.07 
 cu. yds. per million gallons. This quantity is somewhat smaller than that pro- 
 duced at Worcester during the large scale experiments, although the actual 
 quantity of dry solid matter was considerably greater than that produced at 
 Worcester during a portion of the experiments. The quantity of sludge was 
 also much greater than that produced by the experimental tanks at Colum- 
 bus, Ohio, and considerably smaller than that reported from Andover, Mass., 
 for the years 1905 and 1906. 
 
 The quantity of sludge produced by the septic and settling tanks during 
 the experiments was as follows: 
 
 The quantity of sludge by the sedimentation tank averaged 6.07 cubic 
 
 Septic Tank Settling Tank. 
 
 Cu. Yds. per Cu. Yds. per 
 
 Mil. Gals. Mil. Gals. 
 
 Summer Period 4.1 7.50 
 
 Winter " 4.9 5.01 
 
 Weighted average 4.5 6.07 
 
 On this basis, and assuming that the periods covered by these experi- 
 ments each represent fairly one-half of the year, which is approximately cor- 
 rect, it appears that the quantity of sludge produced by the two processes 
 
was 4.5 and 6.07 cubic yards, respectively, per millioa gallons. In other words, 
 the quantity of sludge produced by the septic process was only about 74 7o as 
 great as that obtained by sedimentation. This, then, may be said to be the 
 only advantage of the septic process over simple sedimentation which was 
 evident from these experiments. To offset this there is the decided disadvan- 
 tage of the tendency toward an increased amount of suspended matter in tne 
 effluents from the septic tank, especially during the warmer weather, when 
 gas is generated in the sludge and causes frequent upheavals from the bot- 
 tom of the tank, thus distributing large quantities of solid matter through the 
 water passing through it. 
 
 The experiments with the sprinkling filter have demonstrated that It 
 is possible by this process to treat the effluent from the septic tank, or that 
 from the settling tank, in such a manner that the effluent from the filters, 
 after the removal of the suspended matter which it contains, will not undergo 
 ■ sufficient decomposition to cause putrefaction. The filter which was 10 feet 
 in depth produced a better effluent at all times than any of the other filters, 
 althongh the indications were that a greater quantity of suspended matter 
 was being stored in its pores than in those of the shallower filters. 
 
 The effluent from the filter which was 7 feet in depth, although inferior 
 to that from the 10 foot filter, was considerably better, especially during the 
 earlier portion of the experiment, than that from the filters five feet deep 
 The filters 5 feet in dept so removed and changed the character of the or- 
 ganic matter of the influent that when all the suspended matter in the efflu- 
 ent was removed, it did not undergo sufficient decomposition to cause putre- 
 faction. Roughly, it may be stated that with the application of a uniform 
 quantity and quality of influent to the various filters, the effluents vsfere of a 
 quality proportional to the depth of the filter. 
 
 It is probable tliat all of the sewage of the city could be treated upon 
 filters ten feet in depth and the effluent produced turned directly into the 
 creek without causing the creek water to become putrescent under ordinary 
 conditions. Occasionally, however, large quantities of the suspended matter 
 stored in the filter will be discharged with the effluent, and at such times it 
 would be very desirable to pass the water through a settling basin to prevent 
 such matters from entering the creek. If the sewage should be treated upon 
 filters 7 feet in depth, it would be advisable at all times to remove the sus- 
 pended matter from the effluent before its discharge into the creek. Should 
 the sewage be filtered through filters 5 feet in deptji, it would be necessary 
 to remove the suspended matter discharged by the filter, before turning the 
 effiuent into the creek to prevent putrefaction. 
 
 None of the filters have discharged as much suspended matter as was 
 present in the influent applied to them. The experiments have not been con- 
 tinued long enough to establish definitely the relation between the suspended 
 matter in the influent and effluent, although if conclusions must be drawn at 
 the present time, they would be to the effect that there was a substantial 
 storage of suspended matter in the pores of the filters. To what extent this 
 can be washed out by flushing has not been determined, because of the dan- 
 ger of interfering with the natural work of the filters. It is probably wise, 
 however, to count on the ultimate necessity of digging over and washing the 
 filtering material, perhaps as often as once in ten years. It is hoped that this 
 will not be necessary, as provision can be made for flushing and washing the 
 
 9 
 
beds, in situ whicli may be sufficient to maintain the necessary proportion of • 
 air space. 
 
 Recognizing the necessity of removing a portion of the suspended matter 
 from some of the sprinkling filter effluents before they are discharged into the 
 Cayadutta Creek, experiments were instituted to show the results which could 
 be accomplished by such sedimentation and to determine the quantity of 
 sludge which would be produced. Prom these experiments it appears that it 
 will be entirely practicable to remove the suspended matter from sprinkling 
 filter effluents to such an extent as to admit of turning the effluents from fil- 
 ters ten feet or seven feet in depth directly into the creek after settling. The 
 effluents from the filters five feet in depth, after the reduction of the suspend- 
 ed matter by settling, to 30 parts per million, were non-putrescible during a 
 large portion of the time covered by the experiments, even though undiluted 
 with clean water corresponding to the dilution which can be furnished by the 
 natural flow of the creek. In some localities it might be possible to discharge 
 the settled effluent from filters five feet in depth into a stream of this size, 
 provided the best of care be given at all times to the purification plant. Under 
 the local conditions, however, giving due consideration especially to the de- 
 cree of the court, it is probable that it would be wise to supplement the treat- 
 ment of the sewage upon such shallow filters by a further filtration through 
 sand. 
 
 The sedimentation of the effluent from the sprinkling filters will result 
 in the production of more or less sludge, which must be removed from the 
 basins at frequent intervals. The quantity of sludge obtained from the efflu- 
 ents of the experimental filters was from 2 to 3 cubic yards per million gal- 
 lons. It is reasonable to provide for a somewhat greater production of sludge 
 from the proposed plant, because of the fact that considerable suspended mat- 
 ter was being stored in the filters, some of which undoubtedly would be 
 washed out in the future and tend to increase the average quantity of sludge 
 produced. 
 
 The experiments indicate that it is entirely practicable to filter the ef- 
 fluent from the sprinkling filters, after passing through the sedimentation 
 basins, upon sand filters, at a rate of one million gallons per acre per day. 
 The effluent from the experimental sand filter was always of an excellent 
 character and no exception could possibly be taken to the discharge of the 
 entire flow of sewage of the City of Gloversville into the Cayadutta creek, 
 were it purified to this extent. 
 
 The experiments with the filtration of crude sewage upon a sand filter 
 indicate' that while it was possible to purify the sewage in this way, the large 
 quantities of suspended matter and the very small volume of sewage which 
 could be filtered per acre, made it impractical. Were this method to be 
 adopted, it would be necessary to employ a large amount of labor to clean 
 the surface of the beds. Such cleaning would be necessary on very frequent 
 occasions, but could not be done during the tour months of the winter, during 
 which season the beds would probable be out of use. 
 
 No experiments were made upon the filtration of the effluent from the 
 septic tank, or settling tank, upon sand filters. Undoubtedly this preparatory 
 treatment would greatly reduce the amount of labor required for cleaning the 
 surface of the filters. On the other hand, these effluents contain comparative- 
 ly large quantities of suspended matter, which would interfere with the 
 rapid filtration of the sewage, especially in winter. Under all the conditions, 
 
 10 
 
it does not seem that intermittent sand filtration alone, or in combination 
 ■witli preparatory tank treatment, is a practicable method for the treatment 
 of the sewage of Gloversville. 
 
 The various questions -which have arisen from time to time have been 
 grouped into eight classes, on page 19 of this report, and may be answered as 
 follows : 
 
 1. The sewage of Gloversville is of such a character as to permit of suc- 
 cessful purification by biological processes. The effect of the chemicals from 
 the mill tanks, while doubtless diminishing the efficiency of the germs, does 
 not prevent their carrying out their work to ultimate completion. 
 
 2. The winter climate at Gloversville is very unfavorable to biological 
 processes of purification, and while it may be possible to operate the plant 
 without protection from the cold, the success of such an undertaking appears 
 to be somewhat doubtful. If the filters should be covered, there would be no 
 doubt about their succe.ssful operation during the winter. 
 
 3. The sewage can be purified at the rate of one million gallons per 
 acre daily upon sprinkling filters, in spite of the chemicals in the sewage, its 
 strength, and the low temperatures during the winter months. It will, there- 
 fore, be nesessary to provide three acres of filters for the average flow of sew- 
 age and provision must also be made for a greatly increased flow during short 
 periods of time. 
 
 4. It has been demonstrated that in some cases it is possible to remove 
 90% of the suspended matters in the mill wastes, by means of the tanks al- 
 ready constructed. This, however; may be considered too high a standard. 
 A very conservative standard will be 70%, although many ot the tanks have 
 not reached as high an efiiciency even as this. "With the tanks already built 
 and operated as they have been during the past months, the sewage contains 
 at least twice as much solid matter as ordinary city sewage and will be cor- 
 respondingly difficult to treat. 
 
 5. If sedimentation should be adopted as a preparatory method of treat- 
 ment, about 7 cubic yards of sludge will be produced per million gallons ot 
 sewage, or 7665 cubic yards per year, based upon an average flow of three 
 million gallons per day. (This quantity includes wastes now discharged 
 into the creek). This quantity of sludge must be removed from the 
 tanks as frequent intervals and disposed of in some manner. The amount 
 may be reduced by allowing the sludge to accumulate in the tanks and under- 
 go more or less decomposition, thus changing the method to the septic pro- 
 cess. The reduction which can be effected in this way will amount to approx- 
 imately 30%. 
 
 To this quantity of sludge produced by preparatory sedimentation, should 
 be added that produced by secondary sedimentation of the filter effluent, which 
 will amount to approximately 3 cubic yards per million gallons of sewage 
 treated, making a total of 10950 cubic yards per year, or 30 cubic yards per 
 day. 
 
 6. No incrustation has been discovered upon the surface of the filtering 
 material, due to lime and other chemicals present in the sewage, and there- 
 fore no difficulty is anticipated from this source. 
 
 7. The coloring matter in the sewage is of such a character that it is 
 partly removed during its passage through the settling or septic tanks, and 
 generally entirely removed by the time it has passed through the sprinkling 
 filters. Occasionally the color may make its way through sprinkling filters, 
 
 11 
 
but in all cases it is entirely removed by the time it has passed through the 
 
 sand filter. . i + „„ 
 
 8 More or less odor must be expected in the vicinity of the plant, es- 
 necially around the sprinklers. This odor will resemble that of tannery 
 wastes and will not be of a putrefactive and highly offensive nature. It is 
 not anticipated that it will be objectionable to .people riding on the railroads 
 
 passing near the plant. 
 
 A comparison of the chemical composition of the crude sewage and ef- 
 fluents from the various tanks and filters may be made by means of the fol- 
 lowing table: 
 
 Quality of Effluents from Various Treatments, (parts per million). 
 
 Crude Sewage 
 
 Settling Tank 
 
 Septic Tank 
 
 SprlnkKng Filter No. 
 Sprlnkl'.ng Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Settling Basin No. 1. 
 Settling Basin No. 2. 
 
 Sand Filter No. 1 
 
 Sand Filter No. 2 
 
 s s 
 
 t^ -^ 
 
 _OZ 
 
 23 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 3.5 
 5 
 
 5.8 
 65 
 3.2 
 4.4 
 0.96 
 1.2 
 
 bl) <D 
 O >- 
 
 '3 
 O 
 
 a 
 -I 
 
 12 
 13 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 8.3 
 
 12 
 4.4 
 3.1 
 
 ■a 
 a> 
 
 a 
 
 bo CD 
 
 X o 
 
 oo 
 
 95 
 57 
 58 
 22 
 27 
 28 
 31 
 22 
 24 
 11 
 14 
 
 ^ . QJ 
 
 OS P.JJ 
 
 400 
 81 
 
 100 
 29 
 44 
 37 
 49 
 21 
 21 
 00 
 00 
 
 
 zz 
 
 0.38 
 0.32 
 0.29 
 1.50 
 1.30 
 1.40 
 1.20 
 1.45 
 1.10 
 1.50 
 0.78 
 
 O oi 
 
 zg 
 
 0.87 
 0.55 
 0,59 
 4.80 
 3.60 
 1.60 
 1.70 
 4.30 
 1.10 
 6 40 
 21.00 
 
 The gradual improvement in the character of the sewage as it passes 
 from stage to stage in the process of purification, is very striking. 
 
 It is interesting to note the increase in the number of bacteria in the 
 sewage during its passage through the septic tank and settling basin and the 
 marked decrease in the number of bacteria in the eiliuents from the various 
 sprinkling filters. It is important also to note the gradual increase in the 
 number of bacteria in these effluents corresponding roughly with the de- 
 creased depth of filtering material. T^he number of bacteria in the eflfluents 
 from the sprinkling filters increases considerably during the time in which it 
 is passing through the secondary sedimentation process. The approximate 
 numbers of bacteria in the crude sewage and various effluents are shown in 
 the following table: 
 
 Number per c. c. 
 
 Crude Sewage 1,600,000 
 
 Septic Tank effluent 5,000,000 
 
 Settling Tank effluent 2,000,000 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 1 effluent 300,000 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 2 effluent 390,000 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 3 effluent 680,000 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 4 effluent 900,000 
 
 Settling Basin No. 1 effluent 770,000 
 
 Settling Basin No. 2 effluent 1,000,000 
 
 12 
 
The net result of passing the crude sewage through the septic tank, then 
 applying it to sprinkling filters four feet in depth, then passing the effluent 
 from the filters through a basin in which a large portion of the suspended 
 matter was deposited, and finally applying the effluent from this settling 
 basin upon sand filters, has been a purification amounting to a removal ot 
 90% of the organic matter in the original sewage as measured by the organic 
 nitrogen, which is shown, together with other analyses, in the following table: 
 
 Parts per million. 
 Crude Sewage, Effluent. Percent. Removed. 
 
 Organic Nitrogen 23 0.96 96 
 
 Free Ammonia 12 4.4 63 
 
 Oxygen Consumed 95 11. 88 
 
 Suspended Matter 406 0. 100 
 
 &_. — 
 
 No experiments have been made with different methods of disposing of 
 the sludge, resulting from the preparatory treatment of the sewage and from 
 the sedimentation of the effluent of the sprinkling filters. The city owns 
 considerable land so located that the sludge can be run into lagoons built 
 upon it, and it is probable that this will be the most satisfactory and eco- 
 nomical method of disposing of it for some years to come. The sludge ap- 
 pears to be of such a nature that it can be successfully filter pressed, should 
 that method finally become desirable. 
 
 It has been necessary from time to time to remove the sludge from the 
 various tanks, in which case it has been discharged upon land in the vicinity 
 and the method has not proved objectionable. While the sludge has some 
 odor, resembling that of tannery wastes, it is not of a highly putrefactive na- 
 ture or particularly offensive. The fresh sludge appeared to dry out more 
 quickly and be more easily cared for than that which had been allowed to 
 accumulate in the septic tank for a long period of time. 
 
 It is very desirable that the experimental plant be continued in opera- 
 tion throughout the remainder of the present summer, and If possible through 
 another winter. The laboratory force has been greatly reduced, and conse- 
 quently it will not be possible to continue the chemical work in as thorough 
 a manner as has been the case in the past, but it is believed that much valu- 
 able information which will be of great assistance in the design and future 
 operation of the proposed plant, will be gained in this way. 
 
 Recommendations: 
 
 After giving the entire problem most careful consideration, and in light 
 of the various studies and experiments made, we make the following recom- 
 mendations: 
 
 That sedimentation be adopted as a preparatory method of treating the 
 sewage. 
 
 That the effluent from the sedimentation process be filtered through 
 sprinkling filters either 7 feet or 5 feet in depth, at the rate of one milliOQ 
 gallons per acre per day. 
 
 13 
 
That the effluent from the sprinkling filters be passed through secondary 
 sedimentation basins sufficient in capacity to reduce the quantity of sus- 
 pended solids to thirty parts per million. 
 
 That if the filters are constructed five feet in depth the effluent from sec- 
 ondary sedimentation basins be filtered through sand filters at the rate of 
 one million gallons per day. 
 
 The final decision as to depth of sprinkling filters will depend upon the 
 estimated cost of first construction, as well as that of operation, and cannot 
 be reached until further studies relating to design have been made. If rea- 
 sonably economical, the filters five feet in depth followed by sedimentation 
 and intermittent filtration through sand, will probably yield the most satis- 
 factory effluent 
 
 GENERAL CONDITIONS. ' 7^ :' ' 
 
 The City of Gloversvil.le is in the Town of Johnstown, County of Pulton, 
 nine miles north of, and 500 feet above the Mohawk River at the Village of 
 Fonda. It is the seat of the glove manufacturing industry in the U. S., and 
 had a population of 18,349, according to the census report of 1900, and which 
 at the present time is estimated to exceed 20,000. 
 
 Industries. 
 
 In addition to the glove manufacturing plants, there are twenty-six tan- 
 neries which dress glove and the finer grades of shoe leather. There is also 
 one hair mill, one knitting mill, two silk mills and one brewery. 
 
 All of the domestic sewage, tannery refuse and mill wastes formerly emp- 
 tied directly into Cayadutta Creek as it flowed through the city. The stream 
 accordingly at times became highly colored and was the source of odors 
 which caused some complaint. 
 
 The Cayadutta Creek. 
 
 Cayadutta Creek is a small mountain stream flowing in a southerly di- 
 rection through the center of the city, and receiving three branches from the 
 west. The watershed area of Cayadutta Creek at the sewage disposal works 
 is 14 square miles. The measured dry weather flow September, 1908, was 
 2,700,000 gallons per day, equivalent to .298 second-feet per square mile. 
 From the disposal works the creek flows three miles through the City of 
 Johnstown, receiving the domestic sewage and wastes from about twenty- 
 four tanneries of that city, and empties into the Mohawk river at Fonda, at 
 which point the total watershed area of Cayadutta Creek and its tributaries 
 is 61.04 square miles. 
 
 During a portion of 1898, the whole of 1899, and a part of 1900, measure- 
 ments of the flow of the creek were taken for 24 consecutive months. The 
 results of these measurements appear in the following table, together with 
 the estimated normal flow of the creek, the measured flow of sewage (as ob- 
 served in the 12 months July, 1908, to June, 1909, Inclusive) and the ratio of 
 dilution for each month: 
 
 14 
 
Sewage Flow, Cayadutta Creek Flow and Ratio of Dilution. 
 Watershed of Creek, 14 Square Miles. 
 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 
 S 2 
 
 
 
 "^s; 
 
 s 
 
 u-S 
 
 
 
 0>^(N 
 
 <u 
 
 9 a 
 
 
 
 -O CO 
 
 m 
 
 ■^ a 
 
 
 Measured Flow of Creek 
 
 
 •g 
 
 a 8 
 
 a a 
 
 Month 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 » g. 
 
 
 Million Gallons per day. 
 
 <is 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 >H « 
 
 
 
 g-OB 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 ■5S2 
 
 i 
 
 1S ^ 
 
 
 
 ySe 
 
 a 
 
 «| 
 
 
 
 J30 
 
 
 Fa 
 
 
 1898. 
 
 1X99. 
 
 19(10. 
 
 Million Gallons per 
 
 day 
 
 January 
 
 
 9.8 
 
 7.8 
 
 18.5 
 
 18.0 
 28.8 
 15.5 
 
 AL.Z 
 25.8 
 30. G 
 
 2.2 (lauaj 
 
 2.9 
 
 3.0 
 
 1. 9.G 
 1. 8.9 
 1.10.2 
 
 February 
 
 
 March 
 
 
 April 
 
 
 02. 7 
 
 35.0 
 
 24.2 
 
 3.8 
 
 1. G.4 
 
 May 
 
 
 7.8 
 G.3 
 
 G.8 
 5.3 
 
 14 5 
 
 2.7 
 2.3 
 
 15 4 
 
 June 
 
 
 7.1 
 
 1. 3.1 
 
 July 
 
 
 5 
 
 4 2 
 
 4 7 
 
 1.9 (1908) 
 2.0 
 
 12 5 
 
 August 
 
 
 4.5 
 
 5 
 
 7.8 
 
 1. 3.9 
 
 September 
 
 
 5.0 
 
 4.5 
 
 G.7 
 
 1.9 
 
 1. 3.5 
 
 October 
 
 G.6 
 
 5.3 
 
 
 7.4 
 
 2.0 
 
 1. 3.7 
 
 
 22.7 
 11.0 
 
 G.3 
 12.3 
 
 .... 
 
 14.0 
 1G.9 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.0 
 
 1. 7.8 
 
 December 
 
 1. 8.5 
 
 Note: This table is made up of such measurements of the flow of Caya- 
 dutta Creek and Sewage as have been made, together with the 
 average yield of the Creek calculated from the average yield of 
 the Croton River for 32 years, 1868-1899 inclusive. (See report 
 on New York Water Supply, by John R. Freeman, pp. 212, 240, 
 241.) 
 
 From these various measurements and estimates of flow it appears that 
 there is available for dilution of sewage during dry weather, a quantity of 
 creek water which may not greatly exceed, and which can seldom be more 
 than three times the flow of the sewage. Such a condition is unusual 
 and, as the dilution is very slight, it is essential that the sewage be very thor- 
 oughly purified before its discharge into the creek. 
 
 Litigation. 
 
 Litigation was commenced on August 17, 1899, by a farmer residing about 
 four miles below the City of Johnstown, who filed a claim for damages and 
 asked for an injunction restraining the City of Gloversville from emptying 
 sewage into the Cayadutta Creek. The action was tried in October, 1900, and 
 the plaintiff was awarded damages amounting to $19.50 per annum, and the 
 city enjoined from discharging its sewage into the Cayadutta Creek and di- 
 rected to remove its sewage from said creek within one year from January 
 
 29, 1901. 
 
 The case was appealed to the appellate division of the Supreme Court 
 on behalf of the city, and finally to the Court of Appeals, which handed down 
 a decision in May, 1903, confirming the decisions of the lower courts. Since 
 that time numerous other cases have been brought against the city, and also 
 
 15 
 
against mill owners, and twenty-three injunctions in all have been granted by 
 tiie courts against the city. The time when these Injunctions should take 
 effect has been extended from year to year by the courts to permit the city 
 to build a line of intercepting sewers, to remove the surface water from tlie 
 sewer system, and for the purpose of experimental work on the purification 
 of the sewage. 
 
 The damages awarded have been small, and the total cost of trying all 
 the cases, over seventy in number, including damages and all expenses in 
 connection with the trial of the cases and the postponement of injunctions, 
 has been about $25,000. 
 
 Sevi^er System and Sewage. 
 
 The sewer system consists of 28. 6 miles of separate sewers, 3.6 miles 
 of combined sewers, and 3.25 miles of intercepting sewers. 
 
 At present considerable roof water enters the sewers. In 1903 there 
 were 2,E;97 sewer connections; 388 roofs; 4,152 families, or 13,629 people con- 
 nected and 15,696 people were tributary to the sewers, and the average num- 
 ber of people to one connection was 5.248; the average number of persons 
 to each family 3.7.S; the ratio of roof water connections to the total connec- 
 tions, 1:0.7. The measured flow at that time was 100 gallons per capita ot 
 domestic sewage, including infiltration of ground water. 
 
 Water Supply. 
 
 The water supply of the city is obtained from springs and small streams 
 outs;de of the watershed of the Cayadutta, in the foothills of the Adirondack 
 Mountains, and is very pure and soft. The daily consumption is estimated to 
 be about 2,250,000 gallons or 112% gallons per capita. 
 
 Methods of Purification of Sewage. 
 
 Several methods are in use upon a large scale for the purification of do- 
 mestic sewage, and in some places domestic sewage containing a consider- 
 able proportion of manufacturing wastes is successfully purified. The meth- 
 ods in use may be grouped into two classes: 
 
 1. Methods involving chemical and physical action. 
 
 2. Methods involving biological action or the action of bacteria. 
 Under the first classification may be -included sedimentation, chemical 
 
 precifitation and also, possibly, the septic treatment, although the latter has 
 generally been considered as partly, if not essentially, a biological process. 
 
 By sedimentation is meant the process of passing sewage through set- 
 tling basins and allowing the suspended matter to settle to the bottom of the 
 the basins, thus permitting the drawing off of the clear water and separat- 
 ing a large portion of the suspended matter from the remaining impurities. 
 This process may be carried out by the intermittent filling, resting and draw- 
 ing off of suitable tanks, or by the continuous flow of the sewage through 
 such tanks. The latter method is the one more frequently adopted and when 
 a suitable equipment is provided and the process carefully managed will pro- 
 duce nearly as good an effluent as the intermittent plan. 
 
 When sewage is passed at a comparatively slow rate through sedimen- 
 tation basins, the bacteria, under ordinary conditions, develop rapidly and 
 produce certain chemical and physical changes in the suspended matter of 
 the sewage, and also to some extent, at least, in the matters in solution. 
 The bacterial action appears to be greatest in the sludge and perhaps the 
 
 16 
 
most important biological feature of this process is the result of the action 
 of bacteria upon the sludge. 
 
 In a few places all that has been found necessary for the treatment of 
 the sewage has been to provide suitable means for sedimentation. In these 
 cases the conditions are such that it is necessary to remove from the sewage 
 only the floating and suspended matters. This is accomplished by the pro- 
 cess known as sedimentation or by that known as septic tank treatment. 
 Obviously with a dilution so slight as that which can be attained in Glovers- 
 ville, neither of these methods will alone accomplish satisfactory results. 
 
 In many cities where neither sedimentation nor the septic process is 
 sulficient, certain chemicals have been added to the sewage, thus increasing 
 the rapidity and completeness with which the floating and suspended matters 
 are precipitated or allowed to settle to the bottom of the basin through which 
 the sewage is made to flow. By this process in some places a small amount 
 of the impurities in solution is also removed from the sewage. 
 
 While each of the foregoing processes may be suitable for adoption under 
 certain extremely favorable conditions, they cannot be seriously considered 
 for the city of Gloversville except as preliminary to a more complete purifi- 
 cation. The studies which have been made upon them have therefore been 
 planned with a view to determining their efficiency as preliminary methods 
 to be used in conjunction with other processes. 
 
 Several processes of the second classification involving bacteriological 
 action are in common used for the purification of sewage. Two of these 
 have been seriously -considered in connection with the local problem, namely, 
 intermittent filtration through sand, and the process commonly called in this 
 country, purification by sprinkling filters. 
 
 Intermittent filtration througli sand has been used in this country, as 
 well as abroad, with marked success for nearly twenty years. It has been 
 adopted by many cities in Massachusetts where there are large natural de- 
 posits of sand of a character suitable for this work. Under this method of 
 treatment the sewage, either with or without preliminary treatment, is 
 turned upon the surface of beds composed of coarse sand. Thfise beds are 
 usually about 4% feet in depth, and are provided with a system of under- 
 drainage by which the sewage, after passing through the sand, is collected 
 and conveyed away from the filters and discharged into a convenient stream. 
 The purifying efficiency of these beds is dependent largely upon the life pro- 
 cesses of bacteria, and the conditions under which the filters are operated, 
 must be favorable to the growth and life of these organisms or the results 
 will not be satisfactory. 
 
 The quantity of sewage which can be filtered upon a given area of inter- 
 mittent filters varies according to its strength, the size of the grains of sand, 
 the temperature, ground water conditions, and particularly the care given 
 the beds. In general it may be stated, however, that one acre of filter will 
 purify from 50,000 to 100,000 gallons of sewage per day. In some cases, how- 
 ever, it has been found to reach a quantity even as high as 150,000 gallons 
 per acre per day, and in other exceptional cases, a rate of 50,000 gallons has 
 been maintained only with difficulty and moderate efficiency. 
 
 The sprinkling filter, like the intermittent filter, depends upon the life 
 processes or organisms to accomplish its work. Instead of being composed 
 of fine grains of sand, it is formed of coarser particles, and cduKers, wastes 
 
 17 
 
from coal products, coke or crushed stone may be used. The depth of such 
 beds varies from 4 to 10 feet. The sewage is applied by an apparatus which 
 will distribute it in comparatively fine drops much as water falls upon the 
 earth in time iof rain. By this method of application, the rate at which the 
 sewage Is applied, being properly regulated, the sewage Is allowed to trickle 
 over the stones in the filter, coming in contact with the large numbers of 
 organisms which adhere to the surfaces of the stones and which derive their 
 nourishment from the sewage. These bacteria assimilate the organic sub- 
 stances, which under ordinary conditions, would undergo putrefactioi;, and 
 traustorui theui into substances which under similar conditions will not un- 
 dergo putrefaction. Such filters are provided with elaborate under-drainage 
 systems, so that the putrified sewage may be taken away as fast as it trickles 
 through the filtering medium. 
 
 Reasons for Further Investigation and for Establishing an 
 Experiment Station. 
 
 While the treatment of domestic sewage has been studied at many places 
 lor a long time, it is nevertheless considered desirable in many cases to es- 
 tablish experiment stations for the purpose of studying different methods of 
 treating sewage under local conditions. Exception may possibly be taken 
 by some to this view, on the ground that there are in existence in this coun- 
 try and abroad, a large number of plants in actual operation for the treat- 
 ment of domestic sewage, and that many of these plants are highly satisfac- 
 tory and successful. This argument, however, cannot be fairly advanced in 
 the case of Gloversville, because there are very few cities which have a sew- 
 age comparable with that of this city, and there Is probably no city success- 
 fully purifying sewage of a similar qualitj', on a large scale. SufHcient data 
 was not available to serve as a safe guide in the solution of the local prob- 
 lem, and it was believed that further special study of this particular sewage 
 was needed before the method of treament could be selected and the disposal 
 works designed. 
 
 When the problem of sewage disposal was first presented, the sewage 
 from the city was discharged into the Cayaduy;a from a comparatively large 
 number of independent sewers, and refuse wastes flowed from each tannery 
 directly into the creek. After a careful consideration of the feasibility of 
 taking a large number of samples from each sewer and tannery outlet pipe, 
 ■combining them in proportion to the several quantities discharged daily, and 
 making experiments with the composite samples thus obtained, it was de- 
 cided that such a method of investigation would not give satisfactory and re- 
 liable results. It was further decided that such studies could not be profita- 
 bly made until the intercepting sewer had been built and the lateral sewers 
 connected therewith, and the tanneries had been provided with settling tanks 
 and connections therefrom had been made with the trunk sewer. In other 
 words, it was not wise to proceed with such experiments until the sewage 
 of the city could be delivered at the site of the disposal works in a condition 
 fairly comparable with that in which it would be received after the disposal 
 plant was completed and in full operation. 
 
 A review of the conditions found to exist led to doubt upon a number of 
 points of vital Importance to the success of the proposed plant for the puri- 
 fication of the sewage. These points may be grouped into eight different 
 questions, which will be briefly presented as representing the most important 
 
 18 
 
objects of the sudles to be carried out at or in connection with the experi- 
 ment station which was built by the city. 
 
 1. Is the sewage of such a character as to be purified by the usual 
 biological processes, and what would be the effect of the chemicals upon 
 such processes? 
 
 2. What will be the effect of the extreme cold of the winter upon 
 the processes available tor purification, and will it be necessary to cover 
 tanks and filters to protect them from the cold weather? 
 
 3. Taking into consideration the chemicals in the sewage, its 
 strength, and the low temperature during the winter months, at what 
 rate can the sewage be purified on a given unit size of filter, and what 
 will be the size of the plant required under these conditions? 
 
 4. To what extent can the suspended matters in the waste liquors 
 from the mills be retained in mill tanks and what quantity of suspended 
 solids will the sewage contain after such tanks are built and put into 
 operation? 
 
 While it might be possible, though very difficult, to determine the 
 amount of suspended matters escaping from the mill tanks with the ef- 
 fluents, it was not practicable to determine the amount of precipitation 
 which might take place in the trunk sewer. It is quite probable that 
 chemicals might leave these tanks, dissolved in the respective effluents, 
 and yet be precipitated by chemicals similarly discharged in solution 
 from other tanks, thus forming suspended matter within the trunk sewer. 
 It is therefore apparent that the only practical method of determining 
 the amount of suspended matter is by analyses of the daily flow of sew- 
 age from the main intercepting sewer. 
 
 5. What will be the quantity of sludge produced by the different 
 processes of purification with reference to methods of disposal and to 
 the tank capacity to be provided for the storage of sludge at different sea- 
 sons of the year, particularly in the winter when some difficulty may be 
 experienced in disposing of the sludge upon land? 
 
 6. What would be the effect upon the physical condition of the fil- 
 ters, of the chemicals carried through the tanks provided for preliminary 
 treatment? 
 
 7. Is the coloring matter in the sewage of such a character as to 
 permit of its removal by filtration? 
 
 8. Will odors arise from the plant in such quantity and of such char- 
 acter as to be seriously objectionable to people traveling on the railroads 
 In the vicinity? 
 
 For the purpose of investigating the foregoing subjects and many others 
 of a subsidiary nature, a laboratory was built and equipped and a small ex- 
 periment station was provided containing various tanks and filters with 
 which the several processes, any of which might later be adopted on a large 
 scale, could be tried. 
 
 EXPERIMENT STATION. 
 Laboratory. 
 
 A one-story building with basement was erected to contain the chemical 
 and bacterial laboratories. The dimensions of the building and of the vari- 
 ous laboratories are as follows: 
 
 19 
 
Main building, inside dimensions, 24 ft. x 24 ft. 
 
 Chemical laboratory, - - 12 ft. x 24 ft. 
 
 Bacteriological laboratory, 7 ft. x 8 ft. 
 
 Preparation room, - - 12 ft. x 12 ft. 
 
 Weighing room and office, 7 ft. x 10 ft. 
 
 Power Plant. 
 
 The sewage is delivered to the station by the main intercepting sewer 
 which is at an elevation several feet below that of the tanks of the experi- 
 ment station. 
 
 The city is fortunate in owning as a part of this sewage disposal property. 
 a small water power privilege. This privilege was utilized for the purpose of 
 pumping sewage to the experimental tanks. A 12-inch Morgan Smith turbine 
 was set under a head of 9.06 feet, and made 258 revolutions using 200 cubic 
 feet of water per minute. The water of the creek was delivered to this wheel 
 by means of an old penstock, a new tailrace being excavated to the stream. 
 
 Belted to the turbine was a 2%-inch Gould, vertical, submerged, centri- 
 fugal pump, pumping against about 20 feet head, making 516 revolutions per 
 minute, delivering about 125,000 gallons at first and later 155,000 gallons of 
 sewage per day through 36% feet of 3-inch pipe. 
 
 Screen. 
 
 The pump was protected and entirely surrounded by a screen composed 
 of %-inch wooden bars, set vertically 1% inches apart. This screen was set 
 in the center of a chamber somewhat wider than and on the line of the sewer 
 so that only the portion of the sewage going through the pump was screened, 
 the balance passing around on either side. 
 
 Grit Chamber. 
 
 The sewage was delivered to a grit chamber 8 ft. x 5 ft. x 5 ft. deep. This 
 chamber was provided with an overflow, and at one end with three orifice 
 chambers, so that the sewage was discharged from the grit chamber through 
 the orifices into small chambers from which it flowed to the several tanks. 
 
 As described elsewhere in this report, the grit chamber as originally con- 
 structed was not successful, and it was subsequently reduced in size to a 
 chamber 6 ft. long and 22 inches deep, with a width varying from 10 inches 
 at the inlet end to 3 feet at the orifice end. 
 
 Septic Tank. 
 
 A wooden tank was provided for experiments upon the septic process. 
 This lank was 32 ft long and 8 ft. wide, with 8.2 ft. depth of sewage and a 
 capacity of 15,702 gallons. Three bafiles or dams for halding back the sludge 
 were placed across the tank. These were 8 ft. apart, thus dividing the tank 
 into four compartments; in the beginning the first dam was 2 ft., the second . 
 1% ft, and the third 1 ft. high. Early in December the dams were raised to 
 a height of 41/2 ft., 4j ft., and 2J ft, respectively. There were also three scum 
 boards extending to a depth of 2 ft. at first and later 4 ft. below the surface 
 of the sewage and placed across the tank. These were spaced, starting at 
 the inlet end, 9 ft, 8 ft., 8 ft, and 7 ft, respectively. When the alterations 
 were made in December, the third scum board was removed. 
 
 20 
 
The inlet pipe discharged into a box extending across the inlet end of 
 the tanlc. This box was 12 inches wide and 6 inches deep, with hole in the 
 bottom, and was for the purpose of effecting a uniform distribution of the sew- 
 age at the inlet end of the tank. 
 
 The effluent from the tank was skimmed from the surface by means of a 
 wooden box placed across the end of the tank. This box was 8 ft. long, 2 ft. 
 wide, and 3 ft. deep. The water before flowing into the box passed under a 
 scum board set at an angle of about 45 degrees with the vertical and extend- 
 ing down to a depth equal to that of the bottom of the box. This board sloped 
 away from the box In such a manner that sludge brought up into the upper 
 strata of water by gas at a point near the box, would be carried away from 
 instead of being attracted towards the box. 
 
 A large amount of suspended matter was carried out of this tank with 
 the effluent during the season of fermentation in 1908, and accordingly the 
 tank was remodeled and provided with a series of chambers near the outlet 
 «nd^ the purpose of which was to allow of frequent removal of the suspended 
 matter collected in them, thus preventing its being discharged with the ef- 
 fluent. 
 
 Settling Tank. 
 
 The construction of the settling tank was like that of the septic tank in 
 every respect. It was 32 feet long, 8 feet wide and held a depth of 8 feet of 
 sewage. The capacity was 15,319 gallons. 
 
 Sprinkling Filters. 
 
 Four sprinkling filters were constructed in cylindrical wooden tanks. 
 They consisted of limestone broken ino sizes varying from 1% inches to 2 
 inches in diameter. Each tank had a false bottom covered with field stones 
 about 6 inches in diameter to facilitate drainage and aeration. There were 
 also about six ventilating pipes passing through the sides of each filter just 
 above the false bottom. Each filter was .003 of an acre in area. The sewage 
 was applied by means of one fixed Columbus nozzle in the center of each 
 filter, in a continuous stream under a constant head of 5 ft. The filters were 
 numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4, and were 10 feet, 7 feet, 5 feet and 5 feet in depth, re- 
 spectively. 
 
 In considering the range of materials available for this type of filter, due 
 regard was had for the large amount of light, finely divided suspended mat- 
 ter, which is at all times present in the sewage. It was felt that conditions 
 were likely to arise under which considerable of this matter might pass out 
 of the tanks and on to the filters. There is also a probability that there will 
 be more or less incrustation of salts of lime upon the particles of filtering 
 medium. For these reasons it was deemed wise to use only a coarse-grained 
 medium, and the size was fixed with a view to providing as liberally as possi- 
 ble for flushing any accumulation of suspended matter from the pores of the 
 filter, and at the same time "to furnishing a large area of contract and thus 
 avoiding an excessive depth of filter. Having thus determined upon the size 
 of stone to be used, the problem remaining was to determine the optimun 
 depth of filter and the proper rate of filtration through a filter of that depth. 
 By thus narrowing this part of the problem down to these two points, the 
 experimental equipment required and the routine work at the station were 
 greatly reduced and simplified. 
 
 21 
 
Settling Basins. 
 
 Two settling basins were provided to receive the effluent from the sprink- 
 ling filters. Basin No. 1 received the effluent from filters Nos. 1 and 2 and 
 basin No. 2 received the effluent from filters 3 and 4. 
 
 Settling basin No. 1 consisted of a wooden tank divided into three sec- 
 tions, the water passing through the entire length of each section consecu- 
 tively, thus virtually making three separate tanks, each one being 5 feet 7 
 inches long by 2 feet wide by 2 feet deep. 
 
 Settling basin No. 2 consisted of a wooden tank divided into six sections 
 each being separate from the others, and of the following dimensions, length 
 7 feet 7 inches, width 16 inches, depth of water 4 feet. The water passed 
 through all of the sections consecutively. 
 
 Intermittent Filters. 
 
 Two intermittent sand filters were provided, numbered 5 and 6, respec- 
 tively. The sand used for these filters was very coarse and remarkably. uni- 
 form, giving the following results upon mechanical analysis: 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 Mechanical Analysis of Sand. 
 
 Size of Sieve 
 
 Amount Passing 
 
 No. of .Sieve 
 
 M M. 
 
 GraiT s. 
 
 Per Cent. 
 
 •A[)0 
 
 u.uai 
 
 1.0 
 
 0.7 
 
 140 
 
 0.130 
 
 2.7 
 
 1.3 
 
 100 
 
 0.20G 
 
 5.G 
 
 2 6 
 
 80 
 
 0.247 
 
 10.4 
 
 4.8 
 
 GO 
 
 0.357 
 
 19.0 
 
 8.8 
 
 40 
 
 0.486 
 
 3G.5 
 
 17.0 
 
 35 
 
 0.55 
 
 5G.0 
 
 26. 1 
 
 30 
 
 0.G5 
 
 8G.5 
 
 40.3 
 
 25 
 
 0.93 
 
 147.6 
 
 68. G 
 
 20 
 
 1.04 
 
 17G.0 
 
 81.9 
 
 IG 
 
 1.41 
 
 205.0 
 
 95.4 
 
 0.103,, 
 
 2.40 
 
 214.2 
 
 99.7 
 
 . 150 
 
 3.8 
 
 21t.O 
 
 100.0 
 
 Total 215.0 
 
 Loss 0.0 
 
 Amount Sieved 215 . 
 
 60% finer than 0.847 MM 
 
 10% finer than 0.376 MM (effective size) 
 
 "Uniformity Coefficient, 2.253. 
 
 100.0 
 
 0.0 
 
 100.0 
 
 Filter No. 5 was 4 ft. in depth and .001 of an acre in area. It was under- 
 drained with half tile covered with graded layers of field stones. 
 Filter No. 6 was 5 ft. in depth, .000091 acre in area. 
 
 Filter House. 
 
 In the latter part of November a frame building was erected to cover the 
 tanks and all the filters, with the exception of sprinkling filter No. 4 which 
 was left unprotected except that an embankment of earth was thrown up 
 about the filter tank, although not exceeding it in height. It is possible that 
 
 22 
 
this filter benefitted also from the fact that it was located very close to the 
 southerly end of the filter house, which naturally sheltered it to some extent, 
 although the wind blows from the north only on very infrequent occasions, 
 due doubtless to the topographical conditions of the surrounding country. 
 The prevailing winds are from the west, although easterly winds occur at 
 frequent intervals. 
 
 The frame of the building was covered with a single thickness of square 
 edged boards 1% inches in thickness. (This material was selected because 
 it could subsequently be used for the construction of sidewalks). The root 
 and sides of the building were covered with tarred paper. The roof of the 
 building was removed about the first of April. 
 
 Organization. 
 
 The investigations have been carried on under the general direction ot 
 the City Engineer, by one Chemist and several assistants, as follows: 
 Chemist, Harry B. Hommon. 
 
 Asst. Chemist, Lee A. Chase, until Dec. 24, 1908. 
 Asst. Chemist, George Orr. 
 Day Inspector, Herbert Kniskern. 
 Night Inspeitor, Charles Clark. 
 
 Temperature of Air and Sewage. 
 
 In Appendix A will be found table of maximum and minimum tempera- 
 tures for December, January, February and March of each year from 1898- 
 1908 inclusive. These data have been furnished through the courtesy of John 
 McLean, V. M. O. 
 
 From the records of daily observations of minimum temperatures. Table 
 II has been compiled showing the number of days in each winter period of 
 four months when the minimum temperature fell below certain specified 
 temperatures. 
 
 TABLE II. 
 
 Number of Days in December, January, February and March of 
 
 Each Year when the Minimum Temperature of the 
 
 Air was Below that Specified. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 Degrees 
 
 Fahrenheit. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 -5 
 
 -8 
 
 -10 
 
 -15 
 
 -18 
 
 -20 
 
 -25 
 
 1898 
 
 66 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 16 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 1899 
 
 72 
 
 4G 
 
 32 
 
 22 
 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 
 1900 
 
 87 
 
 44 
 
 28 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 1901 
 
 84 
 
 52 
 
 39 
 
 23 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 1902 
 
 74 
 
 44 
 
 31 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1903 
 
 66 
 
 31 
 
 23 
 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 1904 
 
 93 
 
 61 
 
 45 
 
 33 
 
 23 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1905 
 
 79 
 
 48 
 
 36 
 
 27 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 - 
 
 1906 
 
 77 
 
 45 
 
 25 
 
 19 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 — 
 
 1907 
 
 71 
 
 39 
 
 25 
 
 20 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 1908 
 
 79 
 
 45 
 
 33 
 
 20 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1909 
 
 58 
 
 23 
 
 16 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 
 
 75.5 
 
 42. ? 
 
 29.4 
 
 19.3 
 
 10.5 
 
 6.G 
 
 5.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.25 
 
 23 
 
From the foregoing tabulation it appears that in 1904 the temperature 
 lell to or below on 33 days and that a minimum temperature of was 
 reached on about 20 days each year throughout the period of years covered 
 by these observations. It is also evident that a minimum temperature of 20° 
 should be expected upon about 76 days during the winter season of each year. 
 
 During the period covered by the work at the experiment sUtion, daily 
 observations have been made of the temperature of the air at the station 
 TR'hlch appear in detail in Appendix B. The results of some of these obser- 
 vations have been summarized and classified according to the number of days 
 on which certain minimum and maximum temperatures have been reached. 
 The results of this classification appear in Table III. 
 
 TABLE III. 
 
 Number of Days in Month wlien the Temperatures were 
 Below those Specified. 
 
 Degrees Fahrenheit. 
 
 
 
 Minimum 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Maximum 
 
 
 
 
 Month 
 
 32° 
 
 25° 
 
 20° 
 
 10° 
 
 0- 
 
 -0° 
 
 -lj° 
 
 -20° 
 
 -y 
 
 u° 
 
 10° 
 
 2J0° 
 
 32° 
 
 35° 
 
 40° 
 
 Dec. 07 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 18 
 
 23 
 
 Jan. 08 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 
 20 
 
 13 
 
 G 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 Feb. 08 
 
 28 
 
 27 
 
 27 
 
 25 
 
 IG 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 25 
 
 Mar. 08 
 
 28 
 
 22 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 Dec. 08 
 
 30 
 
 27 
 
 21 
 
 11 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 15 
 
 21 
 
 26 
 
 Jan. 09 
 
 29 
 
 23 
 
 20 
 
 17 
 
 9 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 17 
 
 26 
 
 Feb. 09 
 
 2G 
 
 24 
 
 22 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 15 
 
 21 
 
 Mar. 09 
 
 31 
 
 27 
 
 20 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 16 
 
 The extent of the cold weather is well illustrated by the statistics for 
 February, 1908. During this month the minimum temperature was below 
 32° on 28 out of 29 days, and the maximum temperature was below 32° on 17 
 days. During the four winter months beginning December, 1908, and ending 
 March, 1909, the minimum temperature was below 32° Fahr. on 116 out of a 
 total of 121 days. By referring to Table II, it will be observed that the winter 
 ■of 1908-9 was materially warmer than that of several winters included in this 
 'compilation of temperature. 
 
 Temperatures in Filter House. 
 
 The housing of the tanks and filters had a marked effect upon the tem- 
 perature of the air surrounding them. The temperatures of the air within 
 the building are given in Appendix C. The uniformity of the temperature at 
 different times of the day from day to day is very noticeable. While provi- 
 sion was made for artificially heating the building, such heat was applied 
 only on two or three occasions and had no effect whatever upon the general 
 temperatures as recorded. It is important to note that on only two occasions 
 did the mercury fall as low as 32 degrees, and only on one day did it reach 
 sl lower temperature. 
 
 The temperatures. Table IV, of the air within and without the building 
 at six o'clock in the morning for the month of January, 1909, will serve to 
 Bhow the effect of the house upon the temperature of the air surrounding the 
 filters : 
 
 24 
 
TABLE IV. 
 
 Temperature of Air at 6 o'clock A. M, Within and Without 
 Filter House. 
 
 (Degree Fahrenheit). 
 
 Days of Month. 
 
 Outside Air. 
 
 Inside Air. 
 
 1 
 
 12° 
 
 38° 
 
 3 
 
 15 
 
 36 
 
 4 
 
 31 
 
 38 
 
 5 
 
 34 
 
 40 
 
 6 
 
 36 
 
 42 
 
 7 
 
 -2 
 
 36 
 
 8 
 
 -6 
 
 30 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 32 
 
 10 
 
 27 
 
 36 
 
 11 
 
 32 
 
 38 
 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 36 
 
 13 
 
 -2 
 
 36 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 36 
 
 15 
 
 30 
 
 38 
 
 16 
 
 -8 
 
 36 
 
 17 
 
 12 
 
 35 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 36 
 
 19 
 
 -20 
 
 34 
 
 20 
 
 24 
 
 38 
 
 21 
 
 14 
 
 37 
 
 22 
 
 26 
 
 39 
 
 23 
 
 28 
 
 40 
 
 24 
 
 34 
 
 42 
 
 25 
 
 30 
 
 40 
 
 26 
 
 22 
 
 39 
 
 27 
 
 14 
 
 36 
 
 28 
 
 14 
 
 38 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 
 18 
 
 37 
 
 31 
 
 12 
 
 37 
 
 Temperature of Crude Sewage. 
 
 The temperature of the sewage at Gloversville is somewhat lower than 
 that of many other cities. This is due doubtless partly to the lower tempera- 
 ture of the air, and also to the discharge into the sewer of large quantities 
 of tannery wastes, which are universally cold, the water used in the tanning 
 processes being taken either from the city supply, driven wells or the Caya- 
 dutta Creek, comparatively little of which is heated. 
 
 By way of comparison the average temperatures of the sewage from 
 Gloversville and Waterbury, Connecticut, are presented in Table V. 
 
 25 
 
TABLE V. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Temperatures of Crude Sewage at Gloversville, N. Y., 
 
 and Waterbury, Conn., Experiment Station. 
 
 (Degrees Fahrenheit) 
 
 Month 
 
 Gloversville 
 
 Waterbury 
 
 Difference 
 
 
 47 
 46 
 45 
 46 
 51 
 57 
 59 
 63 
 61 
 57 
 52 
 49 
 
 50 
 50 
 49 
 52 
 60 
 CI 
 65 
 72 
 73 
 66 
 52 
 50 
 
 3 
 
 February 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 4 
 4 
 6 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 July 
 
 6 
 
 
 9 
 
 September 
 
 12 
 
 October 
 
 9 
 
 November 
 
 
 
 December 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 From this table it appears that the temperature of the sewage at Glov- 
 ersville was lower than that at Waterbury, during each month except Novem- 
 ber, with a maximum difference of 12° in September. It is also interesting 
 and important to note that the greatest differences in temperatures occurred 
 during the warmer months, which doubtless has a marked bearing upon the 
 absence of the usual activity of fermentation in the septic tank. 
 
 PRECIPITATION. 
 Rainfall. 
 
 Statistics regarding the monthly rainfall for each year from 1898 to 1909, 
 inclusive, have been furnished through the courtesy of Jno. McLean, V. M. O., 
 and appear in Table VI. It will be noticed from this tabulation that the pre- 
 cipitation during 1908 was considerably less than the normal and that it was 
 unusually high in January, February and April of 1909, which fact doubtless 
 had an important influence on the high flow of sewage during the spring of 
 1909. 
 
 TABLE VI. 
 Precipitation at Gloversville, N. Y. 
 
 (Inches) 
 
 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 O 
 
 i 
 8 
 
 d 
 Q 
 
 Total 
 
 189S 
 
 0.90 
 
 3.33 
 
 3.02 
 
 4.32 
 
 6.4b 
 
 5.14 
 
 4.73 
 
 U.91 
 
 3. It 
 
 5.52 
 
 4.64 
 
 3.08 
 
 57.19 
 
 1899 
 
 2.32 
 
 2.22 
 
 7.3C 
 
 1.38 
 
 3.23 
 
 3.4C 
 
 4.09 
 
 1.6C 
 
 3.28 
 
 2.15 
 
 2.18 
 
 3.31 
 
 30.64 
 
 1900 
 
 3.95 
 
 3.88 
 
 1.80 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.72 
 
 1.92 
 
 2.14 
 
 3.23 
 
 2.22 
 
 2.87 
 
 5.2( 
 
 2.12 
 
 35.74 
 
 1901 
 
 2.37 
 
 1.09 
 
 2.78 
 
 3.72 
 
 3.57 
 
 3.7C 
 
 3.49 
 
 4.19 
 
 3.80 
 
 1.08 
 
 2.23 
 
 3.88 
 
 36.02 
 
 1902 
 
 1.85 
 
 3.13 
 
 3.24 
 
 3.74 
 
 2.14 
 
 5.48 
 
 7.04 
 
 2.09 
 
 4.37 
 
 4.22 
 
 1.62 
 
 7.01 
 
 45.93 
 
 1903 
 
 3 . 92 
 
 3.90 
 
 7.32 
 
 1.37 
 
 .16 
 
 9.42 
 
 4.0C 
 
 6.78 
 
 .64 
 
 5.75 
 
 2.54 
 
 3 28 
 
 49.14 
 
 1904 
 
 4.33 
 
 3.97 
 
 3.72 
 
 4.28 
 
 2.37 
 
 5.36 
 
 3.09 
 
 4.67 
 
 4.52 
 
 3.40 
 
 .38 
 
 3.80 
 
 43.89 
 
 1905 
 
 4.87 
 
 2.31 
 
 2.90 
 
 3.01 
 
 2.38 
 
 G.17 
 
 5.21 
 
 4.C8 
 
 6.43 
 
 3.00 
 
 3.84 
 
 4.63 
 
 49.43 
 
 1900 
 
 2.90 
 
 3.01 
 
 4.57 
 
 3.25 
 
 5.31 
 
 4.32 
 
 4.06 
 
 2.89 
 
 3.56 
 
 3.00 
 
 3.04 
 
 5.70 
 
 45.67 
 
 1907 
 
 3.75 
 
 1.44 
 
 3.52 
 
 3.98 
 
 3.26 
 
 l.CC 
 
 3.14 
 
 1.41 
 
 6.68 
 
 4.67 
 
 4.10 
 
 4.58 
 
 42.19 
 
 1908 
 
 2.G2 
 
 4.56 
 
 3.78 
 
 3.09 
 
 5.67 
 
 1.37 
 
 2.56 
 
 2.73 
 
 1.61 
 
 3.27 
 
 1.3? 
 
 4,35 
 
 36.93 
 
 1909 
 
 5.33 
 
 6.8C 
 
 2.50 
 
 4.19 
 
 4.51 
 
 3.99 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A^ 
 
 f. To 
 
 tal— 
 
 13.53 
 
 
 
 26 
 
Snowfall. 
 
 On account ot the low temperatures of this region, the quantity of 
 precipitation in the form of snow Is very large, as indicated by Table VII. 
 
 TABLE VII. 
 
 Snowfall at Gloversvllle, N. Y. 
 
 (Inches of Snow) 
 
 Year 
 
 Snow 
 
 Year 
 
 Snow 
 
 Year 
 
 Snow 
 
 18^2 
 
 7(i.b7 
 
 1899 
 
 91.5 
 
 19U(i 
 
 110.3 
 
 1893 
 
 103.3 
 
 1900 
 
 80.5 
 
 1907 
 
 72.0 
 
 1894 
 
 90.6 
 
 1901 
 
 CO. 3 
 
 1908 
 
 106.0 
 
 18 95 
 
 C3.2 
 
 1902 
 
 115.4 
 
 
 
 189G 
 
 85.5 
 
 1903 
 
 G9.1 
 
 
 
 1897 
 
 80. 2 
 
 1904 
 
 108.0 
 
 
 
 1898 
 
 83.9 
 
 1905 
 
 8G.0 
 
 
 
 Average for 17 years 88.0 inches. 
 
 RELATION OF INDUSTRIES TO PROBLEM OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL. 
 
 Quantity of Mill Wastes. 
 
 Gloversvllle has two important industries, the manufacturing of gloves, 
 in which a large proportion of the population is engaged, and the tanning 
 of skins for fine leathers, much of which is used for the manufacture of 
 gloves. There are no mill wastes from the factories manufacturing gloves, 
 but there are large quantities of wastes from the tanneries. The influence 
 of the tanneries upon the quantity of sewage may be seen from Table VIII 
 giving the approximate normal flow in gallons per day from each tannery, 
 as well as the flow from a hair mill, a knitting mill and a silk mill. The 
 quantities given in the table are based upon the most reliable Information ob- 
 tainable, but the actual amounts undoubtedly vary from time to time above 
 and below the figures given, according to business conditions, seasonal vari- 
 ations and changes in methods. 
 
 27 
 
TABLE VIII. 
 Quantities of Wastes Discharged by the Several Manufactories. 
 
 1. BartleLt, Charles & Son.. 7,000 gals, per day 
 
 2. Julius Bleyl 10,000 " 
 
 3. Bradt, Harry 5,000 " 
 
 4. De Lamater (not running in 1908) 
 
 5. Filmer Brothers 17,000 " 
 
 6. D. Filmer 18,000 " 
 
 7. Pear & White 2,000 " 
 
 8. O. Geisler Leather Co.. . . 75,000 " 
 
 9. Hall & Johns 25,000 " 
 
 10. Daniel Hays Co 15,000 " 
 
 11. Holland (not connected in 1908) 
 
 12. Leak Fur Co 27,000 " 
 
 13. Lebenheim & Sons 80,000 " (burned 1908) 
 
 14. Levor & New 30,000 " 
 
 15. Mills Brothers 30,000 " 
 
 16. E. S. Parkhurst & Co... 280, 000 " (not connected with experim't stat'n) 
 17; Phoenix Leather Co 15,000 " 
 
 18. Robinson Brothers 65,000 " 
 
 19. Rogers & Smith 3,000 " 
 
 20. S. H. Shotwell & Son 30,000 " 
 
 21. E. W. Starr 25.000 " (not connected with experim't stat n) 
 
 22. Surpass Leather Co 72,000 " 
 
 23. Steele Brothers 24,000 " 
 
 24. J. Stockamore 15,000 ' 
 
 25. Geo. F. Troutwine 20,000 " 
 
 26. Troutwine & Co 20,000 " 
 
 27. Wood & Hyde 20,000 " 
 
 28. Gloversville Knitting Co. 20,000 " 
 
 29. Gloversville Silk Mills. . . 6,000 " 
 
 Total 956,000 gals, per day 
 
 Relative Quantities of Domestic Sewage and Mill Wastes. 
 Prom Table VIII it appears that the total amount of manufacturing 
 wastes which have hitherto been discharged directly into Cayadutta Creek 
 was in excess of 950,000 gallons per day. The flow of domestic sewage being 
 practically 1,500,000 gallons per day, the combined daily flow of sewage and 
 manufacturing wastes is, therefore, about 2,500,000 gallons, which represents 
 approximately the amount of sewage to be purified, although a few of the 
 mills are not yet connected with the trunk sewer. In other words, the manu- 
 facturing wastes amount to 38 per cent, of the total flow, and are equivalent 
 to 63 per cent, of the domestic flow. It should be borne in mind that almost 
 the entire amount of manufacturing wastes is discharged during the 10-hour 
 working day, and the hourly rate of flow during that period is very materially 
 increased thereby. This subject will be treated more fully under the consid- 
 eration of the flow of sewage received at the disposal plant. 
 
 General Method of Tanning. 
 
 The manufacture of fine leather requires the use of very large quantities 
 of a great variety of tan barks, tan extracts, chemicals, dye-stuffs and other 
 materials. 
 
 The gross weight of wet and dry hides tanned in Gloversville annually 
 amounts to about 9,000,000 pounds, and about 8,000,000 pounds of chemical 
 reagents and other substances are used In the process. 
 
 28 
 
The general procedure employed In tanning is as follows ; first, the hides 
 are soaked and softened. This treatment removes any soluble chemicals in 
 which the hides may have been cured, and also some organic matter, both 
 soluble and insoluble. After softening, the hides are depilated by treatment 
 in lime vats, or In some other manner. When lime is used, as is quite gener- 
 ally the case, large quantities of it are carried off in suspension, as well as 
 in solution, with the waste liquors from the process. When other chemicals 
 are used they too are to a considerable extent discharged, some in solution 
 and some in suspension, with these waste liquors. In addition, a part of the 
 lime which is at first taken up by and adheres to the skins is removed from 
 them by the subsequent bateing and drenching process, and together with 
 considerable organic matter is discharged with the waste liquors from this 
 treatment. 
 
 The next stage in the process is the tanning. For this, many different 
 materials are used, although all are somewhat similar in nature. These ma- 
 terials are used in solution, or at least their soluble portions are the effec- 
 tive agents. Obviously, the waste liquors from this part of the process con- 
 tain more or less of the active reagents, as it is no possible to completely 
 exhaust the solutions, and in cases where only a part of the material added 
 to the fresh bath is soluble, the balance of insoluble matter is also largely 
 wasted. 
 
 Chemicals Used at the Tanneries. 
 
 The tanning of shoe leather usually involves the use of but comparative- 
 ly few chemicals, but the preparation of glove leather is a much more deli- 
 cate process and the variety of reagents used is much greater. 
 
 Every tanner naturally has his own views of the particular process which 
 gives the best results, and this together with the variety of skins worked and 
 of tanned products produced, accounts for the great number of materials 
 used in the tanning process. 
 
 The list given in Table IX, though not absolutely complete, will give 
 some conception of the kinds and amounts of chemicals and other reagents 
 employed: 
 
 'Zi) 
 
TABLE IX. 
 
 List and Approximate Quantities o£ Chemicals 
 Used in Tanneries. 
 
 Name. Pounds per Year. 
 
 Alderwood 51,219 lbs. 
 
 Alum 348,986 " 
 
 Anilines 7,263 " 
 
 Arsenic 70,7.50 " 
 
 B'cliroTnate of Potash 48,250 " 
 
 Blue Stone 1,486 " 
 
 Copperas 1 5,590 " 
 
 Egg Yolk 319,802 " 
 
 Fish Oils 106.805 " 
 
 Flour 390,808 " 
 
 Fustic 321,469 " 
 
 Gambier 675,153 " 
 
 Hypernic 111,680 " 
 
 Hyposulphite of Soda 194.980 " 
 
 Lactic Acid 108 250 " 
 
 Lime 2,249.708 " 
 
 Logwood 160.102 " 
 
 Manures 441,700 " 
 
 Muriatic Acid 11 3,460 " 
 
 Sulphuric Acid 61,161 " 
 
 Pumice Stone 114,545 " 
 
 Quebracho 39.112 " 
 
 Quercitron 33,712 " 
 
 Sal-Soda 152,263 " 
 
 Salt 1,853.930 " 
 
 Soda-Ash 55,825 " 
 
 Sulphite of Sodium 45,324 " 
 
 8,099,333 lbs. 
 
 The shrinkage in weight of hides during the process of tanning probably 
 amounts to not less than 50% or 4,500,000 pounds per year, assuming 9,000,000 
 pounds as the gross weight of hides received at the tanneries. It is also 
 probably true that 50% of the chemicals and other agents employed in the 
 process of tanning are carried away from the tanneries in the form of ref- 
 use. The only process which is employed to recover any portion of these 
 wastes, is that carried on at the hair mill for the recovery of the hair. The 
 weight of the wet refuse taken from the tanneries to the hair mill per annum 
 Is nearly 6,300,000 pounds, or 70% of the total gross weight of hides. A large 
 proportion of the hair contained in this refuse is recovered. There is also a 
 very large amount of refuse matter containing much lime which is wasted 
 from the hair mill. 
 
 Analyses of the creek water indicate that the amount of wastes which 
 find their way from the tanneries to the creek averages over 30,000 pounds 
 per day, or 9,000.000 pounds per year. It would, therefore, appear that of the 
 17,000,000 pounds of hides and chemicals used, fully one-half eventually 
 found it way into the creek before the mill tanks were installed. This is 
 undoubtedly a low estimate of the total amount of wastes, for the reason that 
 considerable portions are of such a nature that they do not flow along with 
 the water, and would not be included in the samples. At nearly every tan- 
 
 30 
 
nery are to be seen large quantities of lime and other refuse, wliich have 
 been dumped out upon the land and, of course, not included in the analyses 
 already cited. 
 
 Condition of IVIill Wastes. 
 
 From the foregoing discussion of the industries which contribute mill 
 wastes to the sewage of the city and the processes of tanning w hich are in 
 use, it appears that the waste liquors from the mills are heavily charged 
 with organic and inorganic impurities both in suspension and in solution. 
 These impurities consist in part of large quantities of the chemicals used in 
 tanning, and their effect upon some of the processes of purification of sew- 
 age which might be adopted was one of the subjects to be carefully consid- 
 ered before finally determining upon the kind of a plant to be installed. The 
 proportion of mill wastes to the domestic sewage is sufficient to make them 
 at times the dominating element in the character of the sewage. 
 
 IVIILL SETTLING TANKS. 
 
 A mere inspection of the wastes from the tanneries shows that large 
 quantities of solid refuse must be disposed of and that the liquid wastes are 
 heavily laden with organic and inorganic matters. Much of this can be set- 
 tled out in suitable sedimentation basins constructed at the several tanneries. 
 This is a very necessary feature of the system of sewage disposal for two 
 reasons : 
 
 1. Because such great quantities of solid matter would undoubtedly 
 form accumulations in the intercepting sewer and branches leading thereto, 
 from which it could be removed only at large expense. To undertake to 
 convey this solid material through the intercepting sewer and laterals to the 
 purification works would be very unwise. 
 
 2. Because this matter would seriously complicate operations at the 
 disposal works. . 
 
 Of the suspended matters in the liquid wastes discharged from the tan- 
 neries, there will inevitably be a small portion which will pass through the 
 mill settling tanks and enter the sewers. This should be confined to mate- 
 rials comparatively finely divided and light in weight, so that they can be 
 readily carried along by the sewage. 
 
 Ordinance Regulating Mill Tanks. 
 
 After much investigation and study of the proper course to be followed, 
 and having due regard for the rights of the mill owners, the obligations of 
 the City and the interests of all the citizens, the following ordinance was 
 passed by the City Council: 
 
 CHAPTER 4. LAWS OF 1908. 
 
 The Common Council of the City of Gloversville, in regular session 
 assembled, does hereby enact the following ordinance for the purpose 
 of regulating and controlling the use of the sewer system of the City of 
 Gloversville by mills, faltories and other manufacturing establishments. 
 
 Section 1. No refuse, mill waste, sewage or other impure or offen- 
 sive matter from any mill, factory, manufacturing establishment or other 
 properties, shall be allowed to enter any stream within the limits of the 
 City of Gloversville. 
 
 31 
 
Section 2. No mill, factory or other manufacturing establishment, 
 having mill waste shall use the sewer system of the City of Gloversville 
 for sewering purposes without first connecting said mill, factory or other 
 manufacturing establishment with settling tanks. 
 
 PURPOSE OP TANKS. 
 
 Section 3. The purpose of the tanks at the mills is to remove the. 
 suspended solids, hair, leather and other heavy material from the mill 
 wastes by sedimentation and any chemical or biological action that may 
 take place in the tanks, so that the combined mill and domestic sewage 
 may be purified, also to avoid the clogging of city sewers or unnecessar- 
 ily burdening the sewage disposal plant. 
 
 SIZE. 
 
 Section 4. The bize of the tanks to be constructed, or used at any 
 mill that is connected with the sewer system of the City of Gloversville 
 shall be sufficient (or the purpose for which they are intended, and they 
 shall be constructed with such features and of such dimensions as may 
 be required by the Common Council. 
 
 CHANGES. 
 
 Section 5. If because of local conditions it is impossible to follow 
 the plans and dimensions as given, any necessary changes must be made 
 Subject to the approval of the City Engineer, and then only on submis- 
 sion to the City Engineer of the plans showing just what changes are to 
 be made, and how it is desired to construct the tank. Should existing 
 tanks not operate or give results satisfactory to the Common Council 
 they shall be changed, enlarged or rebuilt according to the direction of 
 the Common Council by the mill owner within one month after written 
 notice to that effect. 
 
 CONNECTIONS WITH SEWER SYSTEM. 
 
 Section 6. No connection with said sewer system shall be made by 
 any mill, factory or other establishment desiring to sewer wastes with- 
 out first filing a written application therefor and obtaining the consent 
 of the Common Council. 
 
 Connections of tanks to the trunk sewer are to be made at man- 
 holes only, which are to be constructed by the city at the expense of the 
 mill owners 
 
 TANKS WATER-TIGHT. 
 
 Section 7. The tanks must be water-tight, so that no ground, spring 
 or surface water will enter the sewer from the tanks. 
 
 CINDERS. 
 
 Section 8. Whenever required, screened cinders are to be used be- 
 tween the weir and the outlet of the tanks. 
 
 OPERATION. 
 
 Section 9. Both sections of the tanks must be used at the same time 
 except when cleaning one section, the other may be used separately.- No 
 tank shall be allowed to fill more than one-third of Its depth with settled 
 
 32 
 
solids. There shall be no holes or leaks in the outlet end of the tank so 
 that the liquid wastes may escape In any other way except by overflow- 
 ing the top ot the mitlet end, unless tanks are of special construction, 
 and unless permitted by special written permit from the City Engineer. 
 
 CLEANING TANKS. 
 
 Section 10. Tanks must be regularly cleaned at such intervals as 
 their operation proves necessary or at any time when the City Engineer 
 deems they should be cleaned. In cleaning the tanks no solids shall be 
 emptied into the sewer or outlet from the t^nks, nor in any other way 
 shall solids from the tanks be permitted to enter the sewer in cleaning. 
 
 If the tanks are not properly cared for or if they are not cleaned 
 when necessary or when directed by the City Engineer, they will be 
 cleaned by the City and the expense thereof charged to the owner of the 
 mill. 
 
 ACBSS TO TANKS. 
 
 Section 11. Free access to the tanks must be given to the Common- 
 Council or their representatives at any times for either the purpose of 
 measurement, analyses, experiments or inspection or for any other pur- 
 pose connected with the operation or regulation of said sewer system. 
 
 CHANGES OR ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS. 
 
 Section 12. Any regulations or requirements hereafter adopted by 
 the Common Council, or any changes in the size or form of construction, 
 or operation of the tanks that may hereafter be directed by the Common 
 Council, must be complied with. 
 
 The Common Council shall have the right to discontinue connections 
 with the sewer system at any time, without notice to the mill owner, if 
 the requirements and regulations for the use of said sewer system, or 
 the directions of the City Engineer are not complied with. 
 
 INJURIOUS MATTER. 
 Section 13. Any matter from the mills that may be detrimental to 
 the purification of the sewage of the city of Gloversville, or interfere 
 with the operation of the disposal plant, shall be removed by such mill 
 owner from the sewer on order of the Common Council or City Engineer, 
 and it shall not be again permitted to enter the sewer. 
 
 NATURE OP CONSTRUCTION. 
 Section 14. The tanks shall be constructed of such material and In 
 such manner as to meet the approval of the City Engineer. 
 
 REPAIRS. 
 Section 15. The tanks shall be kept at all times in good condition 
 ot repair. 
 
 REPORTS. 
 Section 16. The proprietor of each mill shall, on or before January 
 15th of each year, and as much oftener as shall be required by the Com- 
 mon Council, make a report in writing to the Common Council, stating 
 the amount of water used, amount of leather dressed, number of men 
 employed, and the amount of chemicals used during such period as the 
 Common Council' shall fix. Such proprietor Shall also furnish the Com- 
 
 33 
 
mon Council with such additional information as it may deem necessary 
 for the care and operation of the sewer system and disposal plant, pro- 
 viding such Information will not injuriously effect his business. 
 
 PENALTY. 
 Section 17. Any person violating the provisions of this by-law shall 
 be subject to a penalty of $25.00 for each offence and a further sum of 
 $5.00 per day for each and every day such violations shall be continued. 
 Section 18. This act ^ihall take effect immediately upon one publication 
 in each of the ofBcial newspapers of the City of Gloversville. 
 
 Mill Tanks Constructed. 
 During 1907 and 1908 twenty-six tanks were built in conformity with 
 the foregoing ordinance although many of them were completed and in use 
 before the law was passed. 
 
 The list in Table X indicates the tanneries at which tanks have been 
 built, or which are provided for in common with others, together with the 
 estimated quantity of refuse in gallons, the dimensions of the tanks, and 
 their capacity when full to the elevation at which the water stands when the 
 tanks are in use. 
 
 TABLE X. 
 Mill Settling Tanks Constructed. 
 
 
 Gals, of Sewage 
 
 
 Capacity 
 
 No. 
 
 Discharged by 
 
 
 of tank 
 
 of Mil 
 
 1. Mill, per day. 
 
 Dimensions of Tank. 
 
 in Gals. 
 
 1 
 
 7,000 
 
 11' long, 13' wide, H' deep 
 
 4817 
 
 2 
 
 10,000 
 
 11' long, 13' wide, 3J' deep 
 
 3747 
 
 3 
 
 5,000 
 
 16'xl6'x 3' deep 
 
 5744 
 
 5 
 
 17,000 
 
 ll'x 8'x4J'deep 
 
 2962 
 
 6 
 
 18,000 
 
 36'x 4'x 4' deep 
 32'xl6'x 4' deep 
 
 19627 
 
 7 
 
 2,000 
 
 12'x4J'x 3' deep 
 
 1211 
 
 8 
 
 75,000 
 
 21'xl3'x21'deep 
 
 5105 
 
 9 
 
 25,000 
 
 13'xl3'x 5' deep 
 
 6320 
 
 10 
 
 15,000 
 
 22f 'xl2'x4S' deep 
 3'x0.8'x 2' deep 
 
 9934 
 
 12 
 
 27,000 
 
 Wastes pass thro' tank used by Surpass Leather Co. 
 
 l8 
 
 80,000 
 
 ♦Tannery burned July, 1908 
 
 
 14 
 
 30,000 
 
 20'x8'x5' ll'x 7'x3' 
 20'x8'x4' 13'xl5'x5' 
 
 19792 
 
 15 
 
 30,000 
 
 9'xl3'x4i' 9'xl3'x4i' 
 
 7^84 
 
 16 
 
 280,000 
 
 No tank built. Not connected to trunk 
 
 sewer. 
 
 17 
 
 15,000 
 
 9|'x 6'x4J'deep 
 
 1930 
 
 is 
 
 65,000 
 
 23'x25'x 4' deep 
 
 17204 
 
 19 
 
 5,000 
 
 8'x 8'x 5' deep 
 
 2393 
 
 20 
 
 30.000 
 
 No tank built. Only part of wastes enter sewer. 
 
 21 
 
 25,000 
 
 25' x26' x6' deep 
 
 29172 
 
 22 
 
 72,000 
 
 60' xl5' x4' " 
 
 26928 
 
 23 
 
 24,000 
 
 23' xlO' x5?.' " 
 
 9562 
 
 24 
 
 15,000 
 
 13' xl3' xSi' " 
 
 4428 
 
 25 
 
 20,000 
 
 12Vx 4Vx2r " 
 
 1052 
 
 26 
 
 20,000 
 
 13' xl3' x34' " 
 
 4428 
 
 ii 
 
 2O,O0O 
 
 11' xl2' x4' " 
 
 3949 
 
 28 
 
 20,000 
 
 No tank 
 
 
 29 
 
 6,000 
 
 Small tank 
 
 
 4: 
 
 This company is 
 
 Hays Co. 
 For name of mill 
 
 doing business in quarters rented froili 
 
 the Daniel 
 
 A 
 
 see Table 8. 
 
 
 34 
 
QUALITY OF INFLUENT AND EFFLUENT OF MILL TANKS. 
 
 Several analyses have been made to show the character of Influent and 
 effluent from tanks located at the various tanneries, the results o£ which 
 are shown in Table XI. 
 
 These analyses were made during August, September, and October, 1907, 
 and the following spring. In most cases each of the samples was made up 
 of 40 portions taken at intervals of fifteen minutes during the working day 
 of ten hours. In all cases the oxygen consumed and suspended matter were 
 determined, and in several of the samples, the nitrogen present as organic 
 nitrogen, and as free ammonia, was also determined. The methods of analy- 
 sis employed were the same as those used for analysis of sewage. 
 
 In considering the results of the analyses of tank effluent, due allowance 
 should be made for the tact that at some of the tanneries the tanks were 
 nearly empty and therefore doing very good work, whereas at other mills 
 the sludge had accumulated to such an extent that the efficiency of the set- 
 tling tanks was low. » 
 
 The strength of the influent and effluent from the different mill tanks 
 varied greatly, that from the Filmer Bros, mill on August 23, 1907. being ex- 
 tremely dilute, a marked exception to the wastes usually discharged from 
 the tanneries. It will be seen that the carbonaceous organic matter present 
 in these wastes as shown by Oxygen Consumed, varied from 14 to 1318 parts 
 per million. Expressing this variation in another way, it appears that the 
 carbonaceous organic matter in the influent of the Filmer Bros, tank on 
 August 23, 1907, was about 1% of that present in the influent to the tank of 
 Rogers & Smith on August 22, 1907. 
 
 The most efficient sedimentation, as shown by Oxygen Consumed, appears 
 to have taken place April 27, 1908, in the tank of Hall & .Johns where 72% 
 of the carbonaceous matter was thus removed from the liquid wastes. 
 
 The most important determination for showing the character of these 
 wastes, as relating to their purification, is that of the suspended matter. As 
 in the case of carbonaceous matter, it is found that solids in suspension vary 
 greatly, ranging from 5 to 2740 parts per million. The most efficient sedi- 
 mentation took place in the Bartlett tank, where 92% of the total suspended 
 solids were removed, and 93% of the volatile suspended solids. 
 
 The proportion of suspended matter which is made up of organic sub- 
 stances is very variable In the different mill wastes. For the most part it 
 appears that th« inorganic matter is not in excess of the organic matter, al- 
 though there are a few exceptions to this statement. On the contrary, in 
 several of the samples, the organic matter is found to be greatly in excess of 
 the Inorganic matter,— as for example, in the influent to the Rogers & Smith 
 tank, where about 83% of the suspended solids are organic In nature. 
 
 The nitrogent present in the form of Free Ammonia is in most cases 
 somewhat less In amount than that found in ordinary domestic sewage, al- 
 though in a few cases it is rather higher in amount. There is in some cases 
 a slight increase In the amount 'of Free Ammonia In the effluent over that 
 present In the influent, indicating Some (slight septic action in the settling 
 
 tanks. 
 
 The amount of orgaiilc nitrogen in the influents is considerably in excess 
 of the amount present in domestic sewage. That is as would be expected, and 
 undoubtedly comes from the bits of flesh and the extracts from the hides. 
 There is a marked feductton In the amount of orgaaic nitrogen in the efflu- 
 
 35 
 
ents, Indicating that it was present largely in the form of suspended matter, 
 and has been removed by sedimentation during the passage of the wastes 
 through the tanks. 
 
 In Table XII are shown the amounts of suspended matter retained in the 
 various tanks, calculated from the analyses of Table XI. The great variation 
 in the amount of suspended matter In the various mill wastes is quite appar- 
 ent, and more correctly observed from this table than from Table XI of analy- 
 ses, because the third, fourth and fifth columns take into account not only the 
 strength of the liquors, but also their volume. 
 
 TABLE XII. 
 
 Amount of Suspended Matter In Influents and Effluents, and Amount 
 
 Retained in Mill Settling Tanks, Calculated as Sludge 
 
 Containing 10% Solid Matter. 
 
 (Computation Based upon Analyses of Most Representative Samples 
 
 Recorded in Table XI.) 
 
 
 
 Tons of Wet Sludge 
 
 per Million 
 
 Grallons. 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 £d 
 
 
 03 o3 
 
 3 w 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 a CIS 
 
 " cS 
 
 3-s 
 
 
 Id 
 
 m 
 H 
 
 
 CD CD 
 PhIS 
 
 1 
 
 7,000 
 
 103 
 
 8 
 
 95 
 
 92.2 
 
 2 
 
 10,000 
 
 30 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 40.0 
 
 3 
 
 5,000 
 
 G9 
 
 19 
 
 50 
 
 72.5 
 
 10 
 
 15,000 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 75.0 
 
 7 
 
 2,000 
 
 44 
 
 20 
 
 24 
 
 54.6 
 
 5 
 
 17,000 
 
 0.2 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.16 
 
 80.1 
 
 6 
 
 18,000 
 
 24 
 
 9 
 
 15 
 
 G2.5 
 
 8 
 
 75,000 
 
 19 
 
 16 
 
 3 
 
 15.8 
 
 9 
 
 25,000 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 33.3 
 
 12 
 
 27,000 
 
 19 
 
 9 
 
 20 
 
 69.0 
 
 13 
 
 80,000 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 CG.7 
 
 14 
 
 3J.0OO 
 
 115 
 
 05 
 
 50 
 
 43.5 
 
 15 
 
 30.000 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 1 
 
 7.7 
 
 18 
 
 C5.000 
 
 97 
 
 34 
 
 63 
 
 G5.0 
 
 20 
 
 30.000 
 
 58 
 
 44 
 
 14 
 
 24.2 
 
 H 
 
 25.000 
 
 88 
 
 19 
 
 C9 
 
 78.4 
 
 23 
 
 24.000 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 8.3 
 
 24 
 
 15.000 
 
 .55 
 
 35 
 
 20 
 
 3G.4 
 
 22 
 
 72.000 
 
 29 
 
 9 
 
 20 
 
 69. 
 
 25 
 
 20.000 
 
 29 
 
 16 
 
 13 
 
 44.9 
 
 27 
 
 20.000 
 
 36 
 
 32 
 
 4 
 
 11.1 
 
 Note: No. 3 computed from a later analysis than that given in Table XI. 
 
 It appears from the figures given in Table XII, which unfortunately are 
 based in most cases upon a single series of analyses, that the wastes contain 
 a maximum of 115 tons of wet sludge per million gallons, and vary from that 
 to an almost insignificant amount of 0.2 of a ton, or 400 pounds per million 
 gallons. 
 
 The several eflluents from the mill tanks vary nearly as widely in the 
 amount of wet sludge contained, as do the influents to the tanks, the maxi- 
 mum amount of 10% sludge being 65 tons per million gallons. The amount 
 of sludge retained in the settling tanks, figured per million gallons of mill 
 wastes, amounted to 95 tons in the case of the greatest amount removed. 
 Several of the tanks have removed from 60 to 70 tons of sludge per million 
 gallons. 
 
 To make this subject more ea,slly understood. Table XIII has been pre- 
 pared, showing the pounds per day of wet sludge present in the mill wastes ■, 
 
 36 
 
the amount retained in tlie tanks; the amount escaping therefrom with the 
 effluent; the amount which could under practical conditions be removed by 
 the tanks; and .the corresponding amounts which would under those condi- 
 tions pass out of the tanks with the effluents, together with the difference be- 
 tween the amounts discharged under the conditions existing at the time the 
 analyses were made and under the assumed conditions v/hich would make pos- 
 sible a removal of 70% of the suspended matter. 
 
 From Table XIII it appears that the maximum amount of sludge retained 
 in any one mill tank, as shown by the analyses under discussion, was 8,260 
 pounds per day. Three of the tanneries retained from 3,000 to 3,500 pounds 
 per day, while several others yielded 1,000 pounds. The total amount of 
 sludge retained in the mill tanks was 25,783 pounds, whereas that carried 
 out of the tanks in the effluent amounted to 22,494 pounds. Without doubt, 
 this amount of solid matter escaping with the wastes can be greatly reduced 
 by the proper cleaning and operation of the tanks. 
 
 TABLE XIII. 
 
 Quantity of Suspended Matter Actually Retained in Mill Settling Tanks. 
 
 Compared With That Which Would Have Been Retained Had Tanks Shown 
 
 An Efficiency of 70% Removed. 
 (Computation based upon Analyses of Most Representative Samples Re- 
 corded in Table XI.) 
 
 (Pounds per day of Sludge assumed to contain 10% of Solid Matter.) 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 «■§ 
 
 ^ 
 rt 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 0) c] 
 
 § 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 5S 
 
 E-i 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 m 2 
 
 q-t 
 
 
 
 
 dt- 
 
 t- 
 
 .S «i 
 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 O 
 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 
 d 
 
 
 d»j 
 o o 
 
 Sag 
 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 3 
 
 i3 a § 
 
 m to H 
 
 ,2 ^ § 
 
 gad 
 
 J 
 
 tf 
 
 H 
 
 P3 cii k. 
 
 H cs 2; 
 
 Q ca (B 
 
 1 
 
 1442 
 
 1333 
 
 112 
 
 1009 
 
 433 
 
 -321 
 
 2 
 
 GOO 
 
 240 
 
 3C0 
 
 420 
 
 180 
 
 80 
 
 3 
 
 690 
 
 500 
 
 190 
 
 483 
 
 207 
 
 -17 
 
 7 
 
 176 
 
 9S 
 
 80 
 
 123 
 
 53 
 
 27 
 
 6 
 
 864 
 
 543 
 
 321 
 
 605 
 
 259 
 
 62 
 
 5 
 
 
 5.4 
 
 
 tk 
 
 
 .... 
 
 8 
 
 2850 
 
 450 
 
 '2400 
 
 1995 
 
 "855 
 
 1545 
 
 9 
 
 COO 
 
 200 
 
 400 
 
 420 
 
 180 
 
 220 
 
 10 
 
 300 
 
 270 
 
 90 
 
 252 
 
 108 
 
 -18 
 
 12 
 
 1566 
 
 1110 
 
 456 
 
 1096 
 
 470 
 
 -14 
 
 13 
 
 1870 
 
 1270 
 
 600 
 
 1310 
 
 560 
 
 40 
 
 14 
 
 G900 
 
 3050 
 
 3850 
 
 4830 
 
 2070 
 
 1770 
 
 15 
 
 850 
 
 150 
 
 700 
 
 595 
 
 255 
 
 445 
 
 18 
 
 12610 
 
 8200 
 
 4350 
 
 8830 
 
 3780 
 
 570 
 
 21 
 
 4440 
 
 S475 
 
 965 
 
 3108 
 
 1332 
 
 -367 
 
 23 
 
 594 
 
 84 
 
 510 
 
 416 
 
 178 
 
 332 
 
 20 
 
 3450 
 
 800 
 
 2650 
 
 2415 
 
 1035 
 
 1615 
 
 24 
 
 1050 
 
 006 
 
 1044 
 
 1155 
 
 493 
 
 549 
 
 22 
 
 4150 
 
 2934 
 
 1216 
 
 2905 
 
 1245 
 
 -29 
 
 26 
 
 1175 
 
 255 
 
 920 
 
 823 
 
 352 
 
 568 
 
 27 
 
 1440 
 
 160 
 
 1280 
 
 1008 
 
 432 
 H479 
 
 848 
 
 
 48277 
 
 25783 
 
 22404 
 
 33798 
 
 8015 
 
 87 
 
Note: Negative signs indicate that the amount retained in the tank, as- 
 suming an efficiency of 70%, would be less than the amount being 
 retained under existing condition. 
 
 At a very conservative estimate 70% of solid matter can be retained in 
 the tanks, and thus prevented from entering the sewer and being carried to 
 the purification works. Accordingly, columns 5 and 6 have been calculated 
 upon this assumption. The total amount of sludge retained upon this basis 
 would be 33,798 pounds per day, as against 25,983 pounds actually retained 
 at the time the test analyses were made. This illustrates very clearly the 
 advantage and the necessity of securing an efficient inspection and operation 
 of the mill tanks. It appears from this same table that had the tanks main- 
 tained an efficiency of 70% removal, the amount of suspended solids passing 
 Into the trunk sewer with the various effluents, would have been reduced 
 from 22,000 pounds per day to 14,000 pounds, — a difference of more than 8,000 
 pounds. 
 
 It is not at all improbable that the efficiency of those tanks may be car- 
 ried still higher than 70%, although for the purposes of this report the more 
 conservative estimate has been used. As a matter of fact, some of the tanks 
 have shown a much greater efficiency than 70% retained. It is quite likely 
 that certain of the wastes are of such a character that an efficiency exceeding 
 70% cannot readily be realized, and that other wastes differing in quality caa 
 readily yield an effluent containing perhaps not more than 5 or 10% of the 
 suspended solid matter of the corresponding influent. 
 
 The tanks have all been in use at least one year, and the results ob- 
 tained have in several instances been quite disappointing. While, as already 
 stated, it is entirely practicable to remove 70% of the suspended matters 
 by means of these tanks, it is doubtful if the efficiency of the past year has 
 averaged over EO per cent. In the winter much difficulty was experienced in 
 removing the sludge, and even under the more favorable weather conditions 
 of the remainder of the year, the work of cleaning has not generally been 
 attended to with the promptness and care which is necessary to secure a 
 reasonable degree of efficiency. Pew of those in authority at the several tan- 
 neries realize the importance of prompt action, and after being notified of 
 the necessity of immediate cleaning, at times allow as much as three weeks 
 to elapse before beginning the work. Under good business conditions some 
 of the tanks will fill with sludge in about three weeks, so that a delay of the 
 kind cited lueans that a very large proportion of the solid matter of the mill 
 wastes is being discharged into the sewers. This has happened to such an 
 extent in at least one case that the connecting branch sewer, 18 inches in 
 diameter, was completely blocked with solid matter. 
 
 The tanks have been inspected from time to time and the owners noti- 
 fied of the conditions found to exist. Inspection alone, however, will not 
 keep the tanks in proper condition, and a genuine co-operation on the part of 
 the proprietors of the tanneries is most essential to success. 
 
 A Fixed Number of Parts per Million of Suspended Matter as the Proper 
 Standard for the Effluents from Mill Settling Tanks. 
 
 The discussion of the efficiency of the mill settling tanks has thus far 
 been based largely upon the per cent, of suspended matter removed from the 
 wastes during their passage through the tanks. While this method Is satis- 
 factory for fixing a standard of efficiency of a given tank, it is not ^together 
 
 38 
 
satisfactory as a method of establishing a standard for the quality of the 
 effluents from the various tanks. Any standard based upon the per cent, of 
 removal of suspended matter allows for wide fluctuations in the quantity of 
 suspended matter in the several effluents according to the quantity present in 
 the corresponding influents. If then it would be possible to fix upon a given 
 number of parts per million as a standard for effluents, the results would be 
 much better. With this standard it would be necessary that each mill so 
 operate its tank as to secure a degree of efficiency which will assure an ef- 
 fluent containing not over the standard number of parts of suspended matter. 
 It would seem that a reasonable standard should correspond approximately 
 with the number of parts of suspended matter in ordinary city sewage which 
 does not receive industrial wastes. A fair standard upon this basis would 
 be 300 parts per million of suspended matter, and it would seem that the 
 City Council would be entirely justified in passing a resolution to the effect 
 that no mill wastes should be turned into the sewers which contain more 
 than 300 parts per million of suspended matter. 
 
 Turning again to Table XI, it appears that in several cases the wastes 
 from the various mills have been so reduced in suspended matter by means 
 of the tanks that they would conform to this standard. Duplicate tests were 
 made at several of the mills and in a number of these one of the tests has 
 shown the suspended solids in the effluents to be as low as the standard. 
 Such tests have proven that it is possible to reach the standard and in cases 
 where it was not reached greater care in operation should have been exer- 
 cised. 
 
 Character of Sludge Deposited in IVIill Settling Tanks. 
 Table XIV is a compilation of the results of examination for density and 
 analyses ot sludge contained in mill settling tanks. 
 
 39 
 
TABLE XIV. 
 Composition of Sludge Deposited in the Various Mill Settling Tanks. 
 
 In terms of dried sludge. 
 
 o . 
 
 O cS 
 
 mm 
 
 
 "3 > 
 
 0) oj 
 
 
 Solid 
 Matter 
 
 Volatile 
 Matter 
 
 Fixed 
 Residue 
 
 d 
 
 CD 
 
 u 
 -t-> 
 
 
 1 
 
 Apr. 24. 
 
 l.Ul 
 
 au 
 
 4 
 
 5a 
 
 41 
 
 3.0 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 Mar. 23. 
 
 1.04 
 
 87 
 
 13 
 
 73 
 
 27 
 
 1.2 
 
 20 
 
 3 
 
 Mar. 17. 
 
 1.04 
 
 90 
 
 10 
 
 73 
 
 27 
 
 3.8 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 Mar. 17. 
 
 1,12 
 
 88 
 
 12 
 
 27 
 
 73 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.1 
 
 6 
 
 Mar. 10. 
 
 1.04 
 
 92 
 
 8 
 
 43 
 
 57 
 
 2.9 
 
 G.4 
 
 5 
 
 Mar. 25. 
 
 1.04 
 
 92 
 
 8 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 1.8 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 Mar. 20. 
 
 1.04 
 
 94 
 
 6 
 
 G3 
 
 37 
 
 1.1 
 
 1.2 
 
 g 
 
 Mar. 20. 
 
 1.01 
 
 95 
 
 5 
 
 92 
 
 8 
 
 3.8 
 
 32 
 
 10 
 
 May 19. 
 
 1.19 
 
 09 
 
 31 
 
 89 
 
 11 
 
 0.78 
 
 - 
 
 22 
 
 Mar. 16. 
 
 1.02 
 
 95 
 
 5 
 
 53 
 
 47 
 
 2.5 
 
 5.8 
 
 13 
 
 Mar. 11. 
 
 1.04 
 
 91 
 
 9 
 
 41 
 
 59 
 
 1.4 
 
 IG 
 
 14 
 
 Mar. 24. 
 
 1.08 
 
 87 
 
 13 
 
 27 
 
 73 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.9 
 
 15 
 
 Mar. 19. 
 
 1.02 
 
 97 
 
 3 
 
 G3 
 
 37 
 
 3.8 
 
 4.9 
 
 17 
 
 Not in operation at time series were taken. 
 
 
 16 
 
 No tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 Mar. 18. 
 
 1.14 79 
 
 21 
 
 89 
 
 11 
 
 1.2 0.99 
 
 21 
 
 Mar. 11. 
 
 1.19 70 
 
 30 
 
 18 
 
 82 
 
 1.0 ,0.45 
 
 23 
 
 Mar. 21. 
 
 1.04 90 
 
 10 
 
 55 
 
 45 
 
 2.1 
 
 4.4 
 
 24 
 
 No sludge 
 
 In tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 Mar. 19. 
 
 1.04 
 
 93 
 
 7 
 
 42 
 
 58 
 
 2.3 
 
 4.5 
 
 27 
 
 Mar. 18. 
 
 1.03 
 
 93 
 
 7 
 
 GO 
 
 40 
 
 1.2 
 
 5.4 
 
 19 
 
 Mar. 16. 
 
 1.02 
 
 9S 
 
 5 
 
 52 
 
 48 
 
 2.? 
 
 5.0 
 
 There Is a great variation in the density of the sludge which accumu- 
 lates in the various mill tanks. That collected in the tank of the Daniel Hays 
 Company contains only 69% water, while that from Mills Bros.' tank contains 
 97%. This variation Is due in part to the length of time the sludge had been 
 allowed to remain in the tank before sampling, and partly also to the char- 
 acter of the trade wastes. In general those wastes containing a large pro- 
 portion of lime are the most dense, while those containing large quantities of 
 aluminum salts are of very light specific gravity. 
 
 In general from 50% to 70% of the sludge consists of organic matter. In 
 one case the proportion of organic matter was as high even as 92%, while 
 in another case It was as low as 18%. 
 
 There is comparatively little nitrogen in the sludge from these tanks, 
 the proportion not varying widely from that found in ordinary sewage sludge. 
 
 There was a very wide variation in the amount of fats contained in 
 sludge, the highest being 32% while the lowest was 0.45%. This variation 
 may be accounted for in part at least by a difference in the quality of the 
 skins treated at the different tanneries. The sludge containing the highest 
 amount was produced at a tannery at which buckskin is the only quality of 
 lildes tanned. 
 
 QUANTITY OF SEWAGE. 
 
 The quantity of sewage discharged from the trunk sewer at the experi- 
 ment station has been measured from February, 1908, to July 1, 1909. The 
 
 40 
 
results of the measurements showing the average flow for each day, when the 
 gage was in good working order, are given in Appendix B. 
 
 In Table XV will be found the monthly averages of the daily flow of sew- 
 age, together with various data coihpiled from the measurements which have 
 been taken during the period of time covered by the experimental work.. The 
 average daily flow has been 2.6 million gallons, while the average flow for 
 week days has been 2.7 million gallons. The excess flow upon week days over 
 that of Sundays and holidays, has been about 400,000 gallons. While the 
 average flow has been but 2,600,000 gallons it is of importance to note that 
 the .maximum flo^w for a single day has reached as high as 7,500,000 gallons, 
 and that the maximum flow for one day has exceeded 5,000,000 gallons during 
 five different months covered by the measurements. 
 
 TABLE XV. 
 Measurements of Discharge from Outfall Sewer. 
 
 
 
 Millions Gallons per Day. 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 OS 
 
 for 
 over 
 days 
 
 ■d 
 
 ca 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 
 
 Avg. 
 lys 
 Sun 
 days 
 
 
 O 
 
 CD 
 
 
 o 
 
 <D 
 
 (U 
 
 
 
 u c3 
 
 S-t ^ 
 
 fQ t- — ' 
 
 f-t 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 ■M 
 
 03 
 
 
 o ^ 
 
 o o 
 
 •M^ O O 
 
 ° 
 
 o 
 
 C3 
 
 03 
 
 5 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 5 
 
 ■ M 
 
 > ID 
 
 
 Inc. 
 
 week 
 that f( 
 and H 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 '08 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.4 
 
 0.3 
 
 5.2 
 
 2.0 
 
 7.9 
 
 1.1 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3.8 
 
 3.8 
 
 3.8 
 
 0.0 
 
 7.5 
 
 2.0 
 
 10.2 
 
 1.7 
 
 Apr. 
 
 3.5 
 
 3.5 
 
 3.2 
 
 0.3 
 
 5.7 
 
 2.0 
 
 8.1 
 
 1.0 
 
 May 
 
 3.1 
 
 3.3 
 
 2.7 
 
 0.6 
 
 4.5 
 
 2.6 
 
 3.9 
 
 1.0 
 
 June 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.1:! 
 
 0.0 
 
 2.G 
 
 1.8 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.1 
 
 July 
 
 2.1 
 
 2.1 
 
 1.8 
 
 0.3 
 
 2.4 
 
 1.6 
 
 3.5 
 
 1.1 
 
 Aug. 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 0.4 
 
 2.3 
 
 1.6 
 
 3.7 
 
 0.8 
 
 Sept. 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.9 
 
 1.4 
 
 0.5 
 
 2.2 
 
 J.. 4. 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.1 
 
 Oct. 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 1.7 
 
 0.3 
 
 2.4 
 
 1.5 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.1 
 
 Nov. 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.9 
 
 1.5 
 
 0.4 
 
 2.1 
 
 1.4 
 
 3.6 
 
 1.0 
 
 Dec. 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 1.7 
 
 0.3 
 
 2.5 
 
 1.7 
 
 4.0 
 
 1.4 
 
 '09 
 Jan. 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.3 
 
 1.9 
 
 0.4 
 
 2.8 
 
 1.6 
 
 6.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 Feb. 
 
 2.9 
 
 3.0 
 
 2.7 
 
 0.3 
 
 6.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.5 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 2.7 
 
 0.3 
 
 4.8 
 
 2.1 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 Apr. 
 May 
 June 
 
 3.8 
 
 3.8 
 
 3.5 
 
 0.3 
 
 0.6 
 
 2.1 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.3 
 
 0.4 
 
 3.5 
 
 1.9 
 
 6.G 
 
 1.4 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.1 
 
 0.2 
 
 3.0 
 
 1.9 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.2 
 
 Avg. 1 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.3 
 
 0.35 
 
 3.9 
 
 1.9 
 
 6.1 
 
 1.2 
 
 The minimum rate of flow has been as low as 1,400,000 gallons, which is 
 slightly over one-half of the greatest minimum flow of any day which was 
 2,600,000 gallons. 
 
 The maximum flow for one whole day varies greatly from the average 
 flow, and the maximum rate of flow during the day varies greatly from the 
 average for the 24 hours. This is very clearly shown in the 8th column of 
 Table XV, which shows that the maximum rate of flow has never fallen be- 
 low 3,500,000 gallons and has been as high as 10,200,000 gallons. A maximum 
 'flow of 6,eO0;OOO gallons has been very common. The measurements of roaxi- 
 
 41 
 
mum rate of flow Illustrate very forcibly, as do also those for the maximum 
 flow for a single day, the effect of the admission of storm water to the sewers. 
 
 Periods of High Flow of Sewage. 
 
 In Table XVI have been compiled the number of consecutive days in 
 each month during which measurements have been taken when the average 
 flow for the day was in excess of the quantities specified. Prom this tabu- 
 lation It appears that a rate of flow of 3,000,000 gallons or more may be ex- 
 pected for about two weeks in March and a similar length of time in April, 
 during ordinary years. It is also significant to note that the rate of flow 
 was as high as 4,000,000 gallons for ten consecutive days in March and six 
 consecutive days in April, 1908; while in 1909 this rate was equaled or ex- 
 ceeded upon four days in March and ten days in April. Provision must there- 
 fore be made to care for these large flows for a considerable length of time 
 during the months of March and April. 
 
 TABLE XVI. 
 
 Longest Period In Each IVlonth When Station Sewage Flow 
 Exceeded Specified Quantities. 
 
 
 Million Gallons per Day. 
 
 Days covered 
 
 by 
 
 record. 
 
 Date. 
 
 2.0 2.5 3 
 
 3.5 4 
 lumber of 
 
 4.5 5 6 
 
 7 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Days. 
 
 
 1908 Feb. 
 Mar. 
 Apr. 
 May 
 June 
 July 
 Aug. 
 Sept. 
 Oct. 
 Nov. 
 Dec. 
 
 1909 Jan. 
 Feb. 
 Mar. 
 Apr. 
 May 
 June 
 
 15 
 
 30 
 
 15 
 
 20 
 
 4 
 
 G 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 G 
 13 
 14 
 31 
 30 
 29 
 19 
 
 253 
 
 'i 
 15 
 30 
 
 15 
 
 7 
 
 "i 
 
 3 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 17 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 122 
 
 1 
 15 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 i 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 69 
 
 1. 
 10 
 12. 
 
 2. 
 
 '4' 
 7. 
 15 
 
 51 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 G 
 
 1 
 
 '2 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 34 
 
 J.. 
 
 9 
 
 '2! 
 3. 
 9. 
 
 26 
 
 i 
 G 
 2 
 
 '2 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 19 
 
 2 
 
 i 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 ] 
 
 
 13 
 20 
 30 
 16 
 18 
 10 
 29 
 7 
 31 
 30 
 31 
 31 
 25 
 31 
 28 
 31 
 30 
 
 Total 
 
 
 L 
 
 41lDays. 
 
 TYPICAL HOURLY FLOW OF DOMESTIC SEWAGE AND MILL WASTES. 
 
 In Table XVII have been compiled the results of gagings of the flow of 
 sewage taken every fiftteen minutes throughout one day. Pour gagings have 
 been combined each hour, representing the flow for that hour. It appears 
 that during this typical period the flow of domestic sewage amounted to ap- 
 proximately 1,485,000 gallons per day, while that from the tanneries amount- 
 ed to 520,000 gallons, making the total daily flow of station sewage slightly 
 over 2,000,000 gallons. Important data from thesg measurements may be 
 tabulated as follows: 
 
 42 
 
Domestic Sewage. 
 
 Domestic Sewage 74% total How 
 
 Minimum rate ot flow 7Z% average rate of flow 
 
 Maximum " " " 125% " " " " 
 
 " 172% minimum 
 
 Mill Sewage. 
 
 Mill Sewage 26% total flow 
 
 Minimum rate of flow 18% average rateof flow 
 
 Maximum 208% " " " " 
 
 1163%mmimum ' ' " 
 
 Mill and Domestic Sewage Combined. 
 
 Minimum rate of flow 60% average rate of flow 
 
 Maximum " " " 142% " " " " 
 
 " " 237% minimum " " " 
 
 Note: Two tanneries and a hair mill not yet connected to Intercepting 
 sewer. 
 
 The variation in flow of mill wastes is large. The minimum flow is be- 
 tween three and four o'clock in the morning, when it is 0.75 7o of the total 
 flow for the day, while the maximum flow occurs between eleven and twelve ' 
 o'clock in the forenoon and amounts to 8.68% of the total daily flow. The 
 Increase in flow of mill sewage is most marked between seven and eight V 
 o'clock in the morning, and thereis a decided reduction in flow between one 
 and two o'clock in the afternoon. The decrease appears to be somewhat 
 gradual between six and twelve o'clock in the evening. The flow of mill 
 wastes for twelve hours from 6 a. m. to 6 p. m. amounts to 76.5% ot the total 
 wastes for the day. It is interesting to note that the wastes from the mills 
 are present in the sewage throughout the night and that they are present in 
 considerable quantity between 6 and 12 p. m. The minimum proportion pres- 
 ent at any time was 7.8% and the maximum was 40% of the total flow of 
 domestic and mill sewage: 
 
 43 
 
TABLE XVII. 
 
 Typical Hourly Week Day Flow of Domestic Sewage, Mill Wastes and Total 
 Sewage Received at Station. 
 
 (Gagings taken every fifteen minutes) 
 
 
 Domestic Sewage. ] 
 
 Mill Wastes. | 
 
 Total Sewage. 
 
 
 
 o — 
 
 3 . 
 
 
 s_ 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 s:? 
 
 
 si 
 
 as 
 
 o o 
 
 0) fe 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 "3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 |g 
 
 
 0) 
 
 ■Sta 
 
 sg 
 Is 
 
 _o 
 
 3 ^ 
 o 
 
 o „ 
 
 Ratio to hou: 
 average rate 
 (Per cent.) 
 
 6 
 m 
 
 C3 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 A3 
 
 Si 
 «-, a> 
 
 ^ 
 
 xn u 
 
 
 +-J CO 
 
 00 
 
 3 
 
 
 o„ 
 
 Ratio of hou 
 avg. rate of 
 (Per cent.) 
 
 a . 
 _ 
 
 «3 
 
 , 6-7 P.M. 
 
 G4,SJj! 
 
 i.Sl 
 
 IJj 
 
 31,402 
 
 i.9« 
 
 143 
 
 9G,30u 
 
 i.7rf 
 
 115 
 
 32.6 
 
 7-8 
 
 6G,51o 
 
 1.48 
 
 108 
 
 19,587 
 
 -i.72 
 
 89 
 
 86,100 
 
 4.28 
 
 103 
 
 22,. 8 
 
 8-9 
 
 G5,1G7 
 
 1.39 
 
 105 
 
 14,433 
 
 2.74 
 
 CG 
 
 79,600 
 
 3.90 
 
 95 
 
 18.1' 
 
 9-10 
 
 59,511 
 
 t.Ol 
 
 9G 
 
 13,139 
 
 2.49 
 
 GO 
 
 72.650 
 
 3.G1 
 
 87 
 
 18,1 
 
 10-11 
 
 58,701 
 
 3.95 
 
 95 
 
 6,598 
 
 1.25 
 
 30 
 
 05,300 
 
 3.24 
 
 78 
 
 10.1 
 
 11-12 
 
 52,78a 
 
 ;.5G 
 
 85 
 
 9,920 
 
 1.88 
 
 45 
 
 62,700 
 
 3.12 
 
 75 
 
 15.8 
 
 12-1 A.M. 
 
 50,G3G 
 
 3.41 
 
 82 
 
 4,874 
 
 0.92 
 
 22 
 
 55,500 
 
 2.7G 
 
 66 
 
 8.8 
 
 1-2 
 
 47,932 
 
 3.23 
 
 78 
 
 4,968 
 
 0.94 
 
 23 
 
 52,900 
 
 2.63 
 
 63 
 
 9.4 
 
 2-3 
 
 43,317 
 
 3.12 
 
 75 
 
 4,883 
 
 9.93 
 
 22 
 
 51,200 
 
 2.54 
 
 61 
 
 9.5 
 
 3-4 
 
 4G,317 
 
 3.12 
 
 75 
 
 3.933 
 
 0.75 
 
 18 
 
 50,250 
 
 2.50 
 
 60 
 
 7.8 
 
 4-5 
 
 45,243 
 
 3.05 
 
 73 
 
 5,9G0 
 
 1.13 
 
 27 
 
 51,200 
 
 2.54 
 
 01 
 
 11.6 
 
 5-6 
 
 4G,317 
 
 3.12 
 
 75 
 
 4,383 
 
 0.83 
 
 20 
 
 50,700 
 
 2.52 
 
 60 
 
 8.7 
 
 6-7 
 
 52,780 
 
 3.55 
 
 85 
 
 5,120 
 
 .97 
 
 23 
 
 57,900 
 
 2.88 
 
 09 
 
 8.8 
 
 7-8 
 
 70,233 
 
 4.73 
 
 114 
 
 14,817 
 
 2.81 
 
 67 
 
 85,100 
 
 4.23 
 
 101 
 
 17.4 
 
 8-9 
 
 77,553 
 
 5.22 
 
 125 
 
 39,697 
 
 7.53 
 
 181 
 
 117,250 
 
 5.83 
 
 140 
 
 33.9 
 
 9-10 
 
 77,01G 
 
 5.19 
 
 124 
 
 42,234 
 
 8.01 
 
 192 
 
 119,250 
 
 5.93 
 
 142 
 
 35.4 
 
 10-11 
 
 73,513 
 
 4.95 
 
 119 
 
 42,337 
 
 8.05 
 
 193 
 
 115 ,900' 5. 70 
 
 138 
 
 3G.6 
 
 11-12 
 
 68,067 
 
 4.63 
 
 111 
 
 45,733 
 
 8.08 
 
 208 
 
 114,400 
 
 5.G9 
 
 136 
 
 40.0 
 
 12-1 P.M. 
 
 71,G30 
 
 1.82 
 
 116 
 
 43,170 
 
 3.19 
 
 197 
 
 114,800 
 
 5.71 
 
 137 
 
 37.6 
 
 1-2 
 
 73,513 
 
 1.95 
 
 119 
 
 23,337 
 
 4.44 
 
 107 
 
 90,900 
 
 4.81 
 
 116 
 
 24.1 
 
 2-3 
 
 73,783 
 
 1.97 
 
 119 
 
 37,017 
 
 7.02 
 
 169 
 
 110,800 
 
 5.51 
 
 132 
 
 33.4 
 
 3-4 
 
 6S,GG7 
 
 4.63 
 
 111 
 
 37,733 
 
 7.1G 
 
 172 
 
 106,400 
 
 5.29 
 
 127 
 
 35.5 
 
 4-5 
 
 64,091 
 
 4.33 
 
 104 
 
 41,109 
 
 7.80 
 
 187 
 
 105,200 
 
 5.53 
 
 125 
 
 39.0 
 
 5-G 
 
 62,744 
 1,484,502 
 
 4.23 
 
 101 
 
 30,556 
 
 5.80 
 
 139 
 
 93,300 
 
 4.64 
 
 111 
 
 32.7 
 
 Total 
 
 527,038 
 
 
 2,011,600 
 
 
 26.2 
 
 Avg. Hou 
 
 rly 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Flow 
 
 61,860 
 
 4. 10 
 
 100 
 
 21,960 
 
 4. 16 
 
 too 
 
 83,820 
 
 1.17 
 
 100 
 
 
 Note: This table Is made up from measurements o£ domestic sewage 
 talien on one day, October 30, 1-906, and measurements of domestic and mill 
 sewage combined as it flowed from the intercepting sewer on one day, Sept. 
 12, 1907. The quantities of mill sewage are the differences between the 
 measurements of domestic and total flows. While it would be desirable to 
 have measurements covering a longer period of time, it is believed that the 
 figures given represent fairly the respective flows for dry weather and ordi- 
 nary conditions, but of course do not include the wastes from the mills of B. 
 S. Parkhurst Co., E. W. Starr and a part of those from S. H. Shotwell & Son. 
 
 44 
 
o 
 
 —l 
 —J 
 
 5 
 
 Z 
 
 =D 
 O 
 3= 
 K- 
 
 Z 
 
 1 
 !^ 
 
 1 
 120 
 
 no 
 m 
 
 TYPICAL HOURLY QUANTITY OF SEWA6E 
 GLOVERSVILLE, NEW YORK 
 
 QUANTITY OF DOMESTIC SEWAGE, MILL 
 WASTES AND DOMESTIC AND MILL SEWAGE 
 COMBINED, DISCHARGED PER HOUR. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DO. 
 
 Wf; 
 
 TH 
 
 A 
 
 VD. 
 
 MIL 
 
 5, 
 
 'WA 
 
 F-^ 
 
 ri7/i 
 
 /?// 
 
 '^-. 
 
 — 
 
 
 — 
 
 l_ 
 
 r— 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -eo 
 
 ■70 
 -60 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AS 
 
 'El 
 
 kA 
 
 ;e 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -n 
 
 >d6 
 
 ¥f 
 
 >/■/ 
 
 : 5 
 
 r/i-; 
 
 IGd 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 ■- 
 
 -- 
 
 U- 
 
 r- 
 
 .- 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 A\ 
 
 Ef 
 
 ;Wi 
 
 _E_ 
 
 
 f- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "~ 
 
 -_- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - ^ 
 
 
 —\ 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 •40 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -1 
 
 -- 
 
 
 — 
 
 .. 
 
 
 
 
 ,_ 
 
 ...-, 
 
 .... 
 
 t:^ 
 
 '^Z 
 
 K 
 
 157 
 
 fi- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .... 
 
 -J 
 
 
 • •» 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -30J 
 
 — >— 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Av 
 
 EF 
 
 AC 
 
 lE^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .;.- 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 .... 
 
 .... 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■W- 
 
 1 
 
 
 p. 
 
 1 
 
 A. 
 
 1 1 
 
 D 
 
 1 
 
 Z 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 .... 
 
 [1 
 
 n 
 
 i_ 
 
 1 
 
 3_ 
 
 1 i 
 
 !_ 
 
 
 
 P. 
 
 1. 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
RATIO OF QUANTITY OF MILL WASTE 
 
 TO 
 
 QUANTITY OF SEWAGE 
 GLOVERSVILLE , NEW YORK 
 
 UJ 
 
 ID 
 < 
 
 1- 
 Z 
 
 o 
 
 CE 
 UJ 
 a. 
 
 ■10 
 
 7C 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 L 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^r 
 
 ^ . 
 
 __ 
 
 - — 
 
 . — 
 
 ._ 
 
 _ __ 
 
 ..^ 
 
 A\ 
 
 ;ei 
 
 lA 
 
 SE 
 
 
 ^_ 
 
 __ 
 
 __ 
 
 _ 
 
 __ 
 
 „__ 
 
 ^_ 
 
 ___ 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \c 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H( 
 
 3U 
 
 R 
 
 OF 
 
 D 
 
 A\ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 • 
 
 
 P. 
 
 M. 
 ) 1 
 
 3 1 
 
 I 1 
 
 I 
 
 
 : 
 
 ' 
 
 _^ 
 
 A 
 >_( 
 
 M 
 
 ;_i 
 
 ; 
 
 1 
 
 DJ 
 
 M 
 
 2_ 
 
 
 
 P. 
 
 M. 
 
 _ 
 
 l_i 
 
 L 
 
 
 
In a general way, the quantity of mill wastes is sufficient to influence the 
 proportionate hourly total flow at the station, although not suflScient to com- 
 pletely control it. For example, the maximum rate of total flow for the day 
 is between nine and ten o'clock in the forenoon, corresponding to the period 
 of maximum flow of domestic sewage, whereas the maximum rate of flow of 
 mill wastes is between eleven and^lweiye o'clock in the forenoon. The vari- 
 ations in total flow, however, from nine o'clock until Ave o'clock are compara- 
 tively small. The reduced rate of flow of wastes between one and two 
 o'clock, corresjronding to and one hour later than the noon hour, is sfflcient 
 to cause a marked reduction in the total flow during that same period of 
 time. 
 
 Diagram No. 1 shows the typical hourly quantity of sewage and is de- 
 rived from Table XVII. The three lines on the diagram show respectively 
 typical quantities of mill wastes, domestic sewage and domestic and mill 
 sewage combined, for each hour of the day. 
 
 Diagram No. 2, also made up from Table XVII, shows the ratio of the 
 hourly rate of flow to the average rate of flow of domestic sewage, mill 
 wastes and domestic and mill sewage combined. 
 
 Diagram No. 3, shows the ratio of the quantity of mill wastes to the 
 quantity of sewage for each hour of the day. From this diagram the gradual 
 reduction of the proportion of mill wastes in the sewage during the evening 
 and the marked and rapid decrease during the early morning hours, is readily 
 seen. 
 
 CHARACTER OF CRUDE SEWAGE. 
 
 As has already been briefly explained, the character of the sewage of 
 the City of Glovers ville is essentially different from that of most cities be- 
 cause of the large proportion of the flow which consists of the refuse dis- 
 charged into the sewers from the tanneries, hair, silk and knitting mills. At 
 the present time, all of the tanneries, except those of E. W. Starr and S. H. 
 Shotwell & Son (in part) are connected with the trunk sewer. The hair mill 
 of E. S- Parkhurst & Co. has not yet been connected. 
 
 The sewage received at the experiment station from the trunk sewer 
 will hereinafter be termed "Station Sewage," and may be considered as fairly 
 representing the character of the sewage which will ultimately be received 
 at the disposal plant. 
 
 The condition of business, as would be expected, has a marked efliect 
 upon the character and quantity of mill refuse discharged into the sewers. 
 This has been very noticeable during the past year, when business has been 
 comparatively quiet. For that reason,, the quantity and strength of the sew- 
 age as shown by analyses and measurements reported at this time may be 
 somewhat below the average for the same population and industries for fu- 
 ture years. 
 
 The connection of the tanneries and hair mill, not now contributing to the 
 flow, will increase the daily quantity of sewage received in dry weather by 
 about 315,000 gallons, or about 15%. These wastes will contain comparative- 
 ly large amounts of lime and calcium sulphate, resulting from the use of sul- 
 phuric acid in the process of recovering and cleaning the hair. It is not be- 
 lieved, however, that they will materially change the character of the sewage 
 
 Daily Variation in Character of Sewage. 
 
 One of the early studies undertaken at the laboratory was that of the 
 
 45 
 
variation in the character of sewage from day to day. A series of samples 
 was takin and analyses made to show the composition of sewage during the 
 month of November, 1907. Included In this study were three of each of the 
 days of the week,— for example, three Mondays, three Tuesdays, etc. Table 
 XVIII gives the results of analyses showing the average quality of sewage 
 for each day m the week, as well as the average of analyses for the entire 
 period and the average of the analyses for week days. The results of the 
 Individual analyses are also given. 
 
 The samples analyzed were each made up of 96 portions taken through- 
 out 24 hours, thus forming composite dally samples. The samples were 
 taken from the sew6r at a point near the station. 
 
 As Is natural, the average analyses of Sunday sewage show It to be more 
 dilute than Is that of any other day in the week. 
 
 The total organic nitrogen in the sewage on Sunday was found to be 6.8 
 parts, while during the week it varied from 14 to 18 parts. This increase 
 on week days Is doubtless due in part at least to the mill wastes. 
 
 The effect of the mill wastes upon the proportion of suspended to dis- 
 solved organic nitrogen, is clearly shown by the averages for Sunday and for 
 the week days, the respective amounts upon the latter being practically the 
 same,, whereas the average tor Sunday shows the amount dissolved to be 
 only one-half as much as that In suspension. 
 
 There is co.mparatively little difference In the amount of free ammonia 
 found in Sunday sewage and in sewage of the other days of the week. In 
 fact, the tendency is toward a greater quantity of free ammonia on Sunday 
 than during the other days. This Is explained by the fact that the mill wastes 
 are comparatively low in free ammonia, while domestic sewage contains a 
 considerable amount of it. If therefore follows that a given amount of demes- 
 tic sewage, containing a certain definite quantity of free ammonia, when di 
 luted with mill wastes containing smaller quantities, will produce a total flow 
 with smaller quantities than would be present it the sewage were undiluted 
 with mill wastes. While the domestic sewage may contain more free am- 
 monia upon week days than upon Sundays, this difference is not sufficient to 
 offset the diluting effect of the mill wastes. 
 
 The fact that nitrites and nitrates were present in all samples is worthy 
 of note, as indicating that the sewage was in what might be termed a fresh 
 condition. This is probably due to two causes, namely, — 
 
 First; that the sewage finds its way quickly through the system of 
 
 sewers and the Intercepting sewer to the Experiment Station; 
 
 Second; that the chemicals contained In the mill wastes have a cer- 
 tain preservative effect upon the sewage, thus preventing decomposition. 
 
 The presence of some septic action, as indicated by the evolution of gas, 
 has been frequently noted in some of the mill tanks. The natural result of 
 such action, if at all general and abundant, would be to increase the amount 
 of tree ammonia and decrease the amount of nitrites and nitrates in the tank 
 wastes. This action, however, appears to be only slight, and the compara- 
 tively small quantity of free ammonia in the mill wastes and the presence of 
 nitrites and nitrates in the sewage at the station, indicate that there undoubt- 
 edly is a preservative and sterilizing action upon the sewage due to chemi- 
 cals discharged from the tanneries. The sewage is, however, received in fresh 
 condition. Its time of flow through the intercepting sewer being but about 30 
 
 46 
 
Missing Page 
 
mlmites, and e4. there are no very long branch sewers, the period of flow 
 through them would also be short. 
 
 The differences in the amounts of nitrites and nitrates found upon dif- 
 ferent days of the week are so small as not to be significant. 
 
 The amount of carbonaceous organic matter, as represented by oxygen 
 consumed, appears to be much greater upon week days than holidays, that 
 present on Sundays being only 40 7o of that present upon the average on wed* 
 days. The fluctuation in amount during the week, however, does not appear 
 to be great,— the average varying from 68 on Thursdays to 82 on Saturdays. 
 
 It is interesting to note that the proportion of dissolved and suspended 
 carbonaceous matter on Sundays and on week days is practically the same, 
 and that the amount dissolved is practically equal to the amount in suspen- 
 sion. The increased amount of, carbonaceous matter present upon week days 
 over that present upon Sundays, is readily explained by the presence of the 
 mill wastes. 
 
 The great difference existing between the amount of chlorine present 
 upon Sundays and upon week days, was to be expected, and is easily ex- 
 plained by the fact that large quantities of salt are used with the chemicals 
 in the dehairing process to protect the grain of the leather. 
 
 The quantity of suspended matter present in the sewage upon week days 
 is much more than that found upon Sundays, a natural result of the discharge 
 of mill wastes, although the quantity of solid matter depends much upon 
 the efiiciency of the mill tanks. The proportion of organic and inorganic mat- 
 ter as shown by the volatile and fixed suspended matter present upon Sun- 
 days, and upon week days, varies considerably; the ratio of mineral matter 
 to organic matter upon Sundays v/as found to be 20.5%, while upon week days 
 it was 40%. Th's doub'less resulted from the large amount of inorganic chem- 
 icals present in the mill wastes, such as lime, alum, etc. These chemicals 
 would tend to increase the proportion of inorganic matter, while upon Sunday 
 they are absent and the sewage is practically all domestic sewage, the pro- 
 portion of mineral matter would be comparatively small. 
 
 There is free lime present in the sewage at practically all times except 
 upon Sundays and holidays, although during the latter part of the night the 
 quantity is comparatively small. Even on Sundays there is occasionally pres- 
 ent an excess of free lime, although usually there is a slight excess of free 
 carbonic acid. 
 
 The amount of tats present upon week days, is just about double that 
 present in Sunday sewage. This is a natural consequence of the treatment 
 of the skins although domestic sewage might also be expected to be slightly 
 higher in fat during week days than upon Sundays. 
 
 In general as in most cities, the sewage is more dilute upon Sundays 
 than UDon the other days of the week, but on the other hand, it Is not marked- 
 iv ..troneer upon Mondays or upon Saturdays as is frequently the case with 
 orrtinarv city sewage. Even the fats are not materially higher upon Monday 
 Hi th are upon Tuesday or Wednesday, and are substantially the same as 
 than "^"^^ Tjjgge conditions show that the mill wastes are present in 
 
 "^ffi^ient quantity to nearly if not quite obscure the fluctuations in the qual- 
 ity o'f the domestic sewage. 
 
 47 
 
Hourly Variation in Character of Crude Sewage. 
 
 To determine the fluctuations in the quality of the sewage received at the 
 station from hour to hour throughout the day and to compare these fluctua- 
 tions for the different days of the week, a series of analyses was made in 
 November, 1907. Samples of sewage were collected each hour during the day 
 and analyzed as soon as possible after collection. The study was started by 
 collecting the samples for Monday and all were analyzed before the following 
 Wednesday. Upon Tuesday of the second week, samples were taken and all 
 were analyzed before the following Thursday. In this way the work was con- 
 tinued until complete hourly analyses had been made upon samples for each 
 o£ the seven days of the week. 
 
 Tables XIX to XXV show very clearly and in great detail the variation 
 in the character of the sewage from hour to hour throughout the 24 hours of 
 each day in the week. While the variation in the strength of the sewage fol- 
 lows in a general way the usual rule for variation in the quality of sewages, 
 the excess between the hours of 6 a. m. and 7 p. m. over that of the remainder 
 of the day is more marked than usual, obviously on account of the large pro- 
 portion of mill wastes. 
 
 The hourly fluctuations as shown by the individual chemical determin- 
 ations may be more easily studied from Diagrams 4-9 than from the tables. 
 These diagrams show the composition of the sewage on Sunday, Monday, 
 Wednesday and Friday, the other days of the week having been omitted from 
 the diagrams because the figures did not vary materially from the other week 
 days, and on account of the complication caused by so many lines. 
 
 A mere .glance at these diagrams is sufflcient to show the very dilute and 
 comparatively uniform character of the sewage between the hours of 12 night 
 and 6 a. m. and to show the marked increase in strength from 6 to 8 a. m. In 
 some cases the maximum strength Is reached at 8 a. m., although 
 in others is is not reached until 10 a. m. There is in most cases 
 a .marked reduction in strength immediately following the maximum 
 strength. This reduction usually takes place about the middle of the fore- 
 noon and is followed by a rise, though not to the maximum, just prior to noon, 
 say, at 11 or 12 o'clock. This rise is again followed by a .marked decrease 
 following the noon hour, which is in turn followed by an increase in strength, 
 the high point of the afternoon usually being at 3 or 4 o'clock, from which 
 time there is a gradual decrease until about 10 o'clock when some of the de- 
 terminations show a slight increase for an hour or two. 
 
 The .maximum amount of impurities as shown by the different determi- 
 nations does not in all cases come at the same hour of the day, — for example, 
 on Monday the total organic«>nitrogen was high at 9 o'clock, while the free 
 ammonia was high at 8 o'clock, the total oxygen consumed at 9 o'clock, the 
 chlorine at 11 o'clock, the total suspended matter at 11 o'clock and the alka- 
 linity at 9 o'clock. 
 
 The hours at which the analyses show the various determinations to be 
 highest on each of the seven days of the week, are shown in the following 
 table: 
 
 48 
 
TABLE XIX. 
 Grude Sewage Showing Hourly Variation. 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 1907 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a) 
 
 s 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 ^0 
 
 November 
 
 and 
 December. 
 
 o 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 w B 
 
 
 CD 
 <D 
 
 CO 
 
 a 
 o 
 u 
 p 
 
 CD 
 
 >. 
 ><! 
 
 o 
 
 B 
 o 
 3 
 
 Q 
 
 ■3 
 
 _2 
 
 1 
 
 •a 
 cu 
 
 .5 to 
 
 •3 a 
 
 Sunday, 12 P. M. 
 
 8.5 
 
 8.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 1.8C 
 
 21.0 
 
 40 
 
 to 
 
 52 
 
 11 
 
 -LOO 
 
 
 1 A. M. 
 
 7.7 
 
 5.8 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.42 
 
 IG.O 
 
 32 
 
 43 
 
 42 
 
 11 
 
 152 
 
 
 2 " 
 
 5.5 
 
 3.8 
 
 0.11 
 
 1.22 
 
 13.0 
 
 27 
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 4 
 
 144 
 
 
 3 " 
 
 1.7 
 
 2.8 
 
 0.09 
 
 1.55 
 
 9.4 
 
 25 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 2 
 
 128 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 2.] 
 
 1.8 
 
 0.05 
 
 1.38 
 
 7.4 
 
 23 
 
 27 
 
 22 
 
 5 
 
 122 
 
 
 5 " 
 
 l.V 
 
 l.G 
 
 0.05 
 
 1.49 
 
 6.8 
 
 22 
 
 18 
 
 16 
 
 2 
 
 116 
 
 
 6. " 
 
 1.4 
 
 l.G 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.98 
 
 6.4 
 
 21 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 126 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 1.9 
 
 1.6 
 
 0.05 
 
 1.28 
 
 7.6 
 
 23 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 128 
 
 
 8 " 
 
 6.9 
 
 19.0 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.00 
 
 20.0 
 
 41 
 
 75 
 
 GO 
 
 15 
 
 206 
 
 
 9 " 
 
 12.0 
 
 29.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 35.0 
 
 51 
 
 115 
 
 89 
 
 26 
 
 240 
 
 
 10 " 
 
 17.0 
 
 31.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 37.0 
 
 64 
 
 176 
 
 146 
 
 30 
 
 252 
 
 
 11 " 
 
 10.6 
 
 26.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 56.0 
 
 70 
 
 219 
 
 184 
 
 35 
 
 136 
 
 
 12 M. 
 
 13.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 51.0 
 
 64 
 
 175 
 
 150 
 
 25 
 
 188 
 
 
 1 P. M. 
 
 8.9 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 47.0 
 
 58 
 
 145 
 
 116 
 
 29 
 
 188 
 
 
 2: " 
 
 8.4 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 42.0 
 
 70 
 
 144 
 
 119 
 
 25 
 
 180 
 
 
 3 " 
 
 6.5 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 44.0 
 
 60 
 
 143 
 
 123 
 
 20 
 
 184 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 8.1 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 43.0 
 
 54 
 
 130 
 
 109 
 
 21 
 
 176 
 
 
 5 " 
 
 5.3 
 
 15. 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.01 
 
 36.0 
 
 48 
 
 92 
 
 71 
 
 21 
 
 170 
 
 
 e " 
 
 6.2 
 
 13.0 
 
 O.CO 
 
 0.11 
 
 26.0 
 
 49 
 
 82 
 
 61 
 
 21 
 
 158 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 G.G 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.57 
 
 O.IC 
 
 2G.0 
 
 42 
 
 97 
 
 73 
 
 24 
 
 1C6 
 
 
 8 " 
 
 6.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.53 
 
 23.0 
 
 41 
 
 62 
 
 45 
 
 17 
 
 166 
 
 
 9 " 
 
 7.5 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.32 
 
 1.3C 
 
 23.0 
 
 41 
 
 55 
 
 43 
 
 12 
 
 166 
 
 
 10 " 
 
 3.7 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.00 
 
 20.0 
 
 42 
 
 58 
 
 51 
 
 7 
 
 172 
 
 , . 
 
 11 " 
 
 2.7 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.70 
 
 15.0 
 
 38 
 
 42 
 
 38 
 
 ! 4 
 
 166 
 
 Averages; 
 
 ■ 6.7 
 
 12.5 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.G2 
 
 26.0 
 
 44 
 
 85 
 
 70 
 
 15 
 
 166 
 
 49 
 
TABLE XX. 
 Crude Sewage Showing Hourly Variation. 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 .a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 190^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 B cS 
 
 November 
 
 and 
 December. 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 o 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 o a 
 
 £0 
 
 w 
 
 0) 
 
 1 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 01 
 M 
 !>> 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 't-t 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 •a 
 
 <1H 
 
 Monday, 
 
 12 P. M. 
 
 2.G 
 
 (i.5 
 
 U.IO 
 
 2.3U 
 
 «.» 
 
 3i 
 
 n 
 
 18 
 
 3 
 
 1U4 
 
 
 
 1A.M. 
 
 1.9 
 
 3.2 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.40 
 
 7.4 
 
 28 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 132 
 
 
 
 2 " 
 
 1.1 
 
 2.0 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.50 
 
 5.2 
 
 27 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 132 
 
 
 
 3 " 
 
 1.1 
 
 l.C 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.50 
 
 5 8 
 
 26 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 128 
 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 1.1 
 
 l.C 
 
 0.08 
 
 2.40 
 
 4.6 
 
 26 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 
 128 
 
 
 
 5 ■■ 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.4 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.30 
 
 6,2 
 
 26 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 
 132 
 
 
 
 6 ■' 
 
 3.1 
 
 4.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 2.30 
 
 9.2 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 140 
 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 18.0 
 
 7.4 
 
 0.10 
 
 l.GO 
 
 38.0 
 
 58 
 
 71 
 
 68 
 
 3 
 
 138 
 
 
 
 8 " 
 
 53.0 
 
 18.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.51 
 
 114.0 
 
 188 
 
 320 
 
 2B6 
 
 54 
 
 296 
 
 
 
 9 " 
 
 58.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.60 
 
 270.0 
 
 258 
 
 746 
 
 5GG 
 
 180 
 
 300 
 
 
 
 10 " 
 
 32.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.30 
 
 170.0 
 
 348 
 
 436 
 
 338 
 
 98 
 
 280 
 
 
 
 11 " 
 
 39.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.16 
 
 1.30 
 
 221.0 
 
 438 
 
 756 
 
 566 
 
 190 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 12 M. 
 
 32.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.76 
 
 150. .0 
 
 273 
 
 450 
 
 264 
 
 186 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 1P.M. 
 
 23.0 
 
 9.6 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.10 
 
 99.0 
 
 153 
 
 418 
 
 366 
 
 ii2 
 
 220 
 
 
 
 2 " 
 
 30.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 1.00 
 
 134.0 
 
 243 
 
 452 
 
 304 
 
 148 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 3 " 
 
 29.0 
 
 9.1 
 
 0.16 
 
 1.30 
 
 132.0 
 
 348 
 
 628 
 
 334 
 
 294 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 31.0 
 
 9.3 
 
 0.16 
 
 1.50 
 
 122.0 
 
 318 
 
 474 
 
 200 
 
 214 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 5 " 
 
 29.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.50 
 
 124.0 
 
 423 
 
 440 
 
 242 
 
 198 
 
 230 
 
 
 
 6 " 
 
 27.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 0.18 
 
 1.60 
 
 91.0 
 
 173 
 
 332 
 
 150 
 
 182 
 
 210 
 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 17.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 0.48 
 
 1.50 
 
 55.0 
 
 102 
 
 192 
 
 116 
 
 76 
 
 202 
 
 
 
 8 " 
 
 13 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.68 
 
 51.0 
 
 83 
 
 154 
 
 118 
 
 36 
 
 194 
 
 
 
 9 " 
 
 9 
 
 9.1 
 
 0.57 
 
 1.10 
 
 39.0 
 
 70 
 
 106 
 
 84 
 
 22 
 
 180 
 
 
 
 10 " 
 
 G.2 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.55 
 
 1.40 
 
 20.0 
 
 53 
 
 74 
 
 03 
 
 11 
 
 177 
 
 
 
 11 " 
 
 6.2 
 
 19 4 
 
 12.0 
 8.4 
 
 0.29 
 0.20 
 
 1.30 
 1.6 
 
 25.0 
 
 50 
 
 60 
 260 
 
 60 
 178 
 
 6 
 82 
 
 179 
 
 Averages 
 
 79.4 
 
 157 
 
 201 
 
 50 
 
TABLE XXI. 
 Crude Sewage Showing Hourly Variation. 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 « 
 
 1907 
 
 
 
 Matter 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .a^ 
 
 November 
 
 
 Si 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 <D 
 
 
 
 
 
 and 
 
 "2 
 
 o 
 
 
 0) 
 
 •4-J 
 
 0) 
 
 B 
 
 
 j2 
 
 
 bZ 
 
 December. 
 
 c3 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 in 
 o 
 
 o 
 3 
 o 
 
 "3 
 -♦J 
 o 
 Eh 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Tuesday, 12 P.M. 
 
 5.9 
 
 6.7 
 
 0.14 
 
 2.Uu 
 
 Itf.U 
 
 60 
 
 6U 
 
 4 
 
 158 
 
 
 1 A. M. 
 
 4.0 
 
 4.1 
 
 0.10 
 
 2.80 
 
 14.0 
 
 42 
 
 27 
 
 26 
 
 1 
 
 152 
 
 
 2 " 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.6 
 
 0.07 
 
 2.40 
 
 10.0 
 
 34 
 
 25 
 
 24 
 
 1 
 
 150 
 
 
 3 " 
 
 2.2 
 
 1.9 
 
 0.06 
 
 2.50 
 
 8.8 
 
 32 
 
 21 
 
 19 
 
 2 
 
 150 
 
 
 4 .. 
 
 2.4 
 
 1.9 
 
 O.OG 
 
 2.60 
 
 8.4 
 
 33 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 142 
 
 
 5 " 
 
 2.9 
 
 2.2 
 
 0.06 
 
 2. GO 
 
 8.0 
 
 2G 
 
 21 
 
 18 
 
 3 
 
 146 
 
 
 6 " 
 
 4.1 
 
 4.2 
 
 0.07 
 
 2.50 
 
 11.0 
 
 63 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 
 
 152 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 27.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 1.90 
 
 53.0 
 
 100 
 
 129 
 
 110 
 
 19 
 
 200 
 
 
 8 - 
 
 41.0 
 
 18.0 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.87 
 
 112.0 
 
 241 
 
 373 
 
 237 
 
 136 
 
 175 
 
 
 9 " 
 
 44.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 O.OG 
 
 1.00 
 
 158.0 
 
 356 
 
 555 
 
 302 
 
 193 
 
 310 
 
 
 10 " 
 
 32.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.13 
 
 0.88 
 
 145.0 
 
 291 
 
 431 
 
 254 
 
 177 
 
 290 
 
 
 11 " 
 
 2G.0 
 
 9.9 
 
 0.11 
 
 1.50 
 
 114.0 
 
 311 
 
 483 
 
 273 
 
 210 
 
 275 
 
 
 12 M. 
 
 30.0 
 
 9.9 
 
 0.13 
 
 0.90 
 
 134.0 
 
 341 
 
 473 
 
 255 
 
 218 
 
 330 
 
 
 1 P. M. 
 
 26.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 1.10 
 
 108.0 
 
 206 
 
 285 
 
 220 
 
 65 
 
 320 
 
 
 2 " 
 
 25.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 1.10 
 
 123.0 
 
 228 
 
 356 
 
 279 
 
 77 
 
 260 
 
 
 3 " 
 
 24.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.14 
 
 • • • • 
 
 130.0 
 
 273 
 
 402 
 
 204 
 
 202 
 
 190 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 33.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 0.08 
 
 
 135.0 
 
 258 
 
 490 
 
 222 
 
 268 
 
 310 
 
 
 5 '■ 
 
 27.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.18 
 
 
 119.0 
 
 523 
 
 340 
 
 188 
 
 152 
 
 230 
 
 
 6 " 
 
 26.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.12 
 
 i!i6 
 
 157.0 
 
 178 
 
 343 
 
 176 
 
 166 
 
 210 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 21.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.40 
 
 72.0 
 
 84 
 
 278 
 
 149 
 
 129 
 
 184 
 
 
 8 " 
 
 15.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.20 
 
 C4.0 
 
 68 
 
 127 
 
 103 
 
 24 
 
 224 
 
 
 9 •■ 
 
 12.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.16 
 
 1.30 
 
 44.0 
 
 68 
 
 92 
 
 73 
 
 19 
 
 204 
 
 
 in " 
 
 5.5 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.G3 
 
 24.0 
 
 47 
 
 66 
 
 60 
 
 6 
 
 180 
 
 ii " 
 
 7.2 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.44 
 0.16 
 
 1.50 
 
 19.0 
 
 51 
 
 55 
 
 51 
 142 
 
 4 
 86 
 
 174 
 
 Averages 
 
 18.6 
 
 8.4 
 
 1.43 
 
 75.0 
 
 163 
 
 228 
 
 213 
 
 51 
 
TABLE XXII. 
 Crude Sewage Showing Hourly Variation. 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 1907 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .ScS 
 
 November 
 
 and 
 December. 
 
 '3 
 O 
 
 C3 
 
 O 
 O 
 
 <D 3 
 
 £S 
 
 
 En 
 
 o 
 D 
 
 a 
 a) 
 bo 
 
 >. 
 O 
 
 0) 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 3 
 
 Q 
 
 "3 
 ■t-t 
 o 
 El 
 
 1 
 
 
 "38 
 
 Wednesday, 12 P. M. 
 
 4.8 
 
 7.y 
 
 0.23 
 
 2.30 
 
 16.0 
 
 4C 
 
 52 
 
 48 
 
 4 
 
 lo8 
 
 1 A. M. 
 
 2.9 
 
 4.4 
 
 0.14 
 
 2.50 
 
 9.2 
 
 41 
 
 19 
 
 17 
 
 2 
 
 145 
 
 2 " 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.9 
 
 0.12 
 
 2.80 
 
 8.1 
 
 39 
 
 17 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 141 
 
 3 " 
 
 1.6 
 
 •^A 
 
 0.10 
 
 2.90 
 
 9.0 
 
 38 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 2 
 
 146 
 
 4 " 
 
 l.G 
 
 1.9 
 
 0.45 
 
 3.00 
 
 8.7 
 
 40 
 
 15 
 
 13 
 
 2 
 
 142 
 
 5 " 
 
 1.7 
 
 2.3 
 
 0.45 
 
 3.00 
 
 9.0 
 
 37 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 141 
 
 6 " 
 
 4.7 
 
 4.4 
 
 0.11 
 
 2.90 
 
 10.0 
 
 37 
 
 27 
 
 22 
 
 5 
 
 144 
 
 7 " 
 
 20.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 O.IG 
 
 2.20 
 
 40.0 
 
 5G 
 
 112 
 
 93 
 
 19 
 
 206 
 
 8 " 
 
 39.0 
 
 9.G 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.80 
 
 113.0 
 
 203 
 
 534 
 
 24C 
 
 288 
 
 190 
 
 9 " 
 
 3G.0 
 
 7.7 
 
 0.14 
 
 1.50 
 
 135.0 
 
 308 
 
 G78 
 
 304 
 
 374 
 
 220 
 
 10 " 
 
 24.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 0.18 
 
 2.40 
 
 114.0 
 
 2C3 
 
 084 
 
 290 
 
 394 
 
 220 
 
 11 " 
 
 28.0 
 
 7.G 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.50 
 
 142.0 
 
 213 
 
 588 
 
 27C 
 
 312 
 
 230 
 
 12 M. 
 
 23.0 
 
 7.1 
 
 O.IG 
 
 1.30 
 
 134.0 
 
 318 
 
 304 
 
 190 
 
 174 
 
 180 
 
 1 P. M. 
 
 15.0 
 
 7.3 
 
 0.02 
 
 1.40 
 
 8G.0 
 
 133 
 
 158 
 
 12G 
 
 32 
 
 200 
 
 2 " 
 
 17.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.50 
 
 124.0 
 
 173 
 
 420 
 
 20G 
 
 220 
 
 210 
 
 3 " 
 
 31.0 
 
 8.G 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.20 
 
 128.0 
 
 298 
 
 539 
 
 2G3 
 
 27G 
 
 315 
 
 4 '• 
 
 25.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.30 
 
 115.0 
 
 228 
 
 434 
 
 200 
 
 234 
 
 325 
 
 5 " 
 
 21.0 
 
 7.9 
 
 0.4G 
 
 1.20 
 
 94.0 
 
 224 
 
 304 
 
 159 
 
 145 
 
 241 
 
 6 " 
 
 17.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 0.28 
 
 0.70 
 
 G7.0 
 
 148 
 
 197 
 
 121 
 
 7G 
 
 222 
 
 7 " 
 
 18.0 
 
 9.3 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.30 
 
 58.0 
 
 80 
 
 140 
 
 117 
 
 23 
 
 184 
 
 8 " 
 
 15.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.40 
 
 57.0 
 
 CO 
 
 140 
 
 120 
 
 20 
 
 144 
 
 9 " 
 
 9.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.40 
 
 40.0 
 
 70 
 
 90 
 
 79 
 
 11 
 
 108 
 
 le " 
 
 3.7 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.17 
 
 20. 
 
 C7 
 
 98 
 
 85 
 
 13 
 
 180 
 
 11 " 
 
 3.7 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.48 
 
 0.95 
 
 22.0 
 
 C3 
 
 4G 
 237 
 
 43 
 127 
 
 3 
 110 
 
 180 
 
 Averages 
 
 15.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.73 
 
 C5.0 
 
 133 
 
 193 
 
 52 
 
TABLE XXIil. 
 Crude Sewage Showing Hourly Variation. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 <D 
 
 a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 1907 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 CO 
 
 C 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^t) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 B e4 
 
 November 
 and 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 CQ 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 t? 
 
 December. 
 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 ^ 
 
 f^ 
 
 CD 
 
 o 
 
 "3 
 
 .2 
 
 •a 
 
 CD 
 
 si 
 
 
 
 bo 
 
 £9 
 
 i3 
 
 +-» 
 
 
 3 
 
 4-1 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 ^» 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 b< 
 
 'S, 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 s 
 
 OH 
 
 Thursday, 
 
 12 P. M. 
 
 ii.O 
 
 ■7.7 
 
 O.lli 
 
 2.ZU 
 
 11). u 
 
 54 
 
 31 
 
 28 
 
 3 
 
 100 
 
 
 1A.M. 
 
 2.2 
 
 5.3 
 
 0.12 
 
 2.20 
 
 12.0 
 
 48 
 
 27 
 
 22 
 
 5 
 
 146 
 
 
 2 '■ 
 
 2.1 
 
 2.8 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.20 
 
 10.0 
 
 47 
 
 21 
 
 14 
 
 7 
 
 138 
 
 
 3 " 
 
 1.2 
 
 2.2 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.20 
 
 8.0 
 
 49 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 138 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.0 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.60 
 
 9.0 
 
 58 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 134 
 
 
 5 " 
 
 2.4 
 
 1.9 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.90 
 
 8.4 
 
 60 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 138 
 
 
 6 " 
 
 6.5 
 
 4.4 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.20 
 
 23.0 
 
 51 
 
 75 
 
 66 
 
 9 
 
 122 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 15.0 
 
 UJl 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.70 
 
 42.0 
 
 72 
 
 128 
 
 99 
 
 29 
 
 158 
 
 
 8 " 
 
 39 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 1.90 
 
 122.0 
 
 203 
 
 234 
 
 182 
 
 52 
 
 190 
 
 
 9 " 
 
 34.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 O.IG 
 
 2.-ao 
 
 128.0 
 
 303 
 
 512 
 
 246 
 
 206 
 
 210 
 
 
 10 " 
 
 25.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 2.30 
 
 154.0 
 
 208 
 
 5T2 
 
 206 
 
 246 
 
 240 
 
 
 11 " 
 
 33.0 
 
 8.3 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.90 
 
 102. 
 
 303 
 
 474 
 
 238 
 
 23C 
 
 270 
 
 
 12 M. 
 
 19.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.58 
 
 113.0 
 
 233 
 
 320 
 
 250 
 
 70 
 
 220 
 
 » 
 
 1P.M. 
 
 18.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.3G 
 
 1.20 
 
 105.0 
 
 188 
 
 
 
 
 220 
 
 II 
 
 2 " 
 
 23.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.16 
 
 1.80 
 
 143.0 
 
 268 
 
 306 
 
 238 
 
 '08 
 
 260 
 
 11 
 
 3 " 
 
 29.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 1.80 
 
 142.0 
 
 318 
 
 618 
 
 340 
 
 278 
 
 196 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 24.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 O.IO 
 
 1.30 
 
 128.0 
 
 333 
 
 500 
 
 334 
 
 166 
 
 184 
 
 ■I 
 
 5 " 
 
 13.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.10 
 
 54.0 
 
 223 
 
 220 
 
 152 
 
 68 
 
 204 
 
 II 
 
 6 " 
 
 19.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 1.40 
 
 76.0 
 
 208 
 
 170 
 
 120 
 
 56 
 
 200 
 
 1, 
 
 7 " 
 
 16.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.2G 
 
 1.10 
 
 65.0 
 
 78 
 
 148 
 
 122 
 
 26 
 
 200 
 
 1, 
 
 8 " 
 
 15.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 1.30 
 
 52.0 
 
 74 
 
 149 
 
 129 
 
 20 
 
 184 
 
 II 
 
 9 " 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.18 
 
 1.20 
 
 41.0 
 
 64 
 
 109 
 
 94 
 
 15 
 
 184 
 
 » 
 
 10 " 
 
 5.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.38 
 
 0-53 
 
 25.0 
 
 59 
 
 65 
 
 55 
 
 10 
 
 185 
 
 If 
 
 11 " 
 
 6.3 
 
 9.5 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.70 
 1.73 
 
 .22.0 
 
 57 
 
 66 
 20b 
 
 51 
 134 
 
 15 
 71 
 
 •174 
 
 Averages 
 
 15.2 
 
 8.8 
 
 0.16 
 
 69.0 
 
 151 
 
 186 
 
 53 
 
TABLE XXIV. 
 Crude Sewage Showing Hourly Variation. 
 
 19 
 
 37 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 d 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 «=i 
 
 November 
 and 
 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 (D 
 
 02 
 
 Q> 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 0} 
 
 
 
 .1-1 
 
 
 1! . 
 
 December. 
 
 g3 
 
 a a 
 
 'j_, 
 
 2 
 
 be 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 ■3 a 
 
 
 
 y 
 
 2a 
 
 
 -M 
 
 3 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 h<< 
 
 Z 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 El 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 <'H 
 
 Friday, 
 
 12 P. M. 
 
 3.9 
 
 5.4 
 
 0.13 
 
 i.i(j 
 
 13.0 
 
 oh 
 
 ^d 
 
 ^2 
 
 1 
 
 luU 
 
 " 
 
 1A.M. 
 
 2 
 
 3.7 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.50 
 
 11.0 
 
 4C 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 1 
 
 146 
 
 " 
 
 2 " 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.4 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.60 
 
 8.9 
 
 43 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 142 
 
 " 
 
 3 " 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.3 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.30 
 
 8.5 
 
 38 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 
 142 
 
 " 
 
 4 " 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.1 
 
 0.08 
 
 2.30 
 
 8.0 
 
 39 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 
 134 
 
 *' 
 
 5 " 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.0 
 
 0.07 
 
 2.50 
 
 8.5 
 
 38 
 
 22 
 
 15 
 
 7 
 
 136 
 
 " 
 
 6 " 
 
 4.5 
 
 4.0 
 
 0.07 
 
 2.50 
 
 11.0 
 
 41 
 
 32 
 
 30 
 
 2 
 
 149 
 
 " 
 
 7 " 
 
 24.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.11 
 
 1.90 
 
 45.0 
 
 87 
 
 132 
 
 115 
 
 17 
 
 195 
 
 " 
 
 8 ■■ 
 
 31.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.50 
 
 100.0 
 
 178 
 
 188 
 
 122 
 
 66 
 
 300 
 
 *' 
 
 9 " 
 
 34.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 1.70 
 
 114.0 
 
 293 
 
 544 
 
 190 
 
 354 
 
 240 
 
 '* 
 
 10 " 
 
 37.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.03 
 
 2.00 
 
 116.0 
 
 333 
 
 384 
 
 296 
 
 88 
 
 100 
 
 *' 
 
 11 " 
 
 31.0 
 
 9.3 
 
 0.08 
 
 2.20 
 
 134.0 
 
 398 
 
 536 
 
 266 
 
 270 
 
 200 
 
 " 
 
 12 M. 
 
 32.0 
 
 8.3 
 
 0.08 
 
 2.30 
 
 147.0 
 
 183 
 
 610 
 
 276 
 
 334 
 
 190 
 
 " 
 
 1P.M. 
 
 20.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 0.10 
 
 2.70 
 
 113.0 
 
 113 
 
 296 
 
 186 
 
 110 
 
 180 
 
 " 
 
 2 ■■ 
 
 21.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 1.70 
 
 125.0 
 
 211 
 
 269 
 
 202 
 
 67 
 
 219 
 
 " 
 
 3 " 
 
 21.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.00 
 
 134.0 
 
 298 
 
 360 
 
 260 
 
 100 
 
 200 
 
 »» 
 
 4 " 
 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.20 
 
 127.0 
 
 248 
 
 360 
 
 254 
 
 106 
 
 176 
 
 " 
 
 5 " 
 
 23.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.42 
 
 158.0 
 
 243 
 
 380 
 
 226 
 
 154 
 
 184 
 
 II 
 
 6 " 
 
 25.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.42 
 
 102.0 
 
 218 
 
 352 
 
 172 
 
 180 
 
 196 
 
 
 7 " 
 
 21.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.65 
 
 64.0 
 
 114 
 
 156 
 
 126 
 
 30 
 
 212 
 
 
 8 " 
 
 15.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.85 
 
 01.0 
 
 86 
 
 206 
 
 160 
 
 46 
 
 188 
 
 
 9 " 
 
 9.4 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.92 
 
 41.0 
 
 80 
 
 123 
 
 102 
 
 21 
 
 176 
 
 
 10 " 
 
 7.8 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.43 
 
 1.30 
 
 26.0 
 
 57 
 
 94 
 
 73 
 
 21 
 
 179 
 
 
 11 " 
 
 6.0 
 16.5 
 
 11.0 
 9.0 
 
 0.21 
 
 1.7U 
 
 22.0 
 
 54 
 145 
 
 67 
 216 
 
 54 
 133 
 
 13 
 83 
 
 178 
 
 Averages 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.08 
 
 71.0 
 
 180 
 
 S4 
 
TABLE XXV. 
 Crude Sewage Showing Hourly Variation. 
 
 i'arts per Million. 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 o 
 
 1907 
 November 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 aijid 
 December. 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 m 
 
 0) 
 
 O 
 
 <u 
 d 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 :3° 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 2 
 
 is 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 01 
 
 ira 
 
 Saturday, 12 P. M. 
 
 a. 8 
 
 7.y 
 
 0.2Z 
 
 2.20 
 
 Ib.O 
 
 bl 
 
 40 
 
 <iZ 
 
 8 
 
 i09 
 
 1 A. M. 
 
 2.8 
 
 4.0 
 
 0.11 
 
 2.80 
 
 10.0 
 
 43 
 
 29 
 
 22 
 
 7 
 
 147 
 
 2 " 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.4 
 
 0.10 
 
 2. GO 
 
 8.1 
 
 40 
 
 23 
 
 18 
 
 5 
 
 141 
 
 3 " 
 
 l.G 
 
 2.3 
 
 0.08 
 
 2.70 
 
 8.3 
 
 39 
 
 22 
 
 15 
 
 7 
 
 139 
 
 4 ,. 
 
 l.G 
 
 2.1 
 
 0.10 
 
 2.70 
 
 7.2 
 
 39 
 
 14 
 
 1^ 
 
 2 
 
 139 
 
 5 " 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.2 
 
 0.09 
 
 2.00 
 
 8.2 
 
 38 
 
 28 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 136 
 
 6 " 
 
 4.9 
 
 5.2 
 
 O.IO 
 
 2.60 
 
 14.0 
 
 40 
 
 29 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 150 
 
 7 " 
 
 25.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.11 
 
 2.00 
 
 46. 
 
 G2 
 
 121 
 
 104 
 
 17 
 
 189 
 
 8 " 
 
 31.0 
 
 33.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.92 
 
 .153.0 
 
 288 
 
 412 
 
 276 
 
 136 
 
 256 
 
 9 " 
 
 21.0 
 
 28.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.20 
 
 129.0 
 
 318 
 
 374 
 
 264 
 
 110 
 
 200 
 
 10 " 
 
 32.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 O.OG 
 
 1.30 
 
 159.0 
 
 323 
 
 478 
 
 340 
 
 138 
 
 232 
 
 11 " 
 
 34.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 150.0 
 
 458 
 
 544 
 
 290 
 
 254 
 
 300 
 
 12 M. 
 
 3070 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.9G 
 
 129.0 
 
 298 
 
 396 
 
 234 
 
 162 
 
 250 
 
 1 P. M. 
 
 22.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.47 
 
 97.0 
 
 223 
 
 346 
 
 228 
 
 118 
 
 220 
 
 2 " 
 
 22.0 
 
 9.6 
 
 0.22 
 
 1.10 
 
 109.0 
 
 203 
 
 434 
 
 260 
 
 174 
 
 210 
 
 3 " 
 
 19.0 
 
 8.5 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.90 
 
 111.0 
 
 323 
 
 458 
 
 250 
 
 208 
 
 290 
 
 4 .. 
 
 22.0 
 
 8.2 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.50 
 
 102.0 
 
 2G3 
 
 358 
 
 138 
 
 190 
 
 260 
 
 " 5 " 
 
 18.0 
 
 10.5 
 
 0.42 
 
 1.50 
 
 81.0 
 
 189 
 
 314 
 
 16G 
 
 148 
 
 232 
 
 6 " 
 
 14.0 
 
 10.7 
 
 0.42 
 
 1.50 
 
 57.0 
 
 137 
 
 146 
 
 114 
 
 32 
 
 224 
 
 7 " 
 
 8.8 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.23 
 
 0.39 
 
 42.0 
 
 82 
 
 138 
 
 112 
 
 26 
 
 192 
 
 8 " 
 
 8.9 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.13 
 
 0.59 
 
 37.0 
 
 69 
 
 116 
 
 95 
 
 21 
 
 184 
 
 " 9 " 
 
 5.4 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.36 
 
 0.75 
 
 31.0 
 
 GC 
 
 78 
 
 71 
 
 7 
 
 173 
 
 " 10 " 
 
 3.9 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.12 
 
 26.0 
 
 58 
 
 65 
 
 50 
 
 5 
 
 176 
 
 11 " 
 
 5.3 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.07 
 
 26.0 
 
 4C 
 
 61 
 209 
 
 59 
 134 
 
 2 
 75 
 
 188 
 
 Averages 
 
 14.2 
 
 10.7 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.45 
 
 65.0 
 
 154 
 
 200 
 
 55 
 
TABLE XXVI. 
 
 Time of Day When Various Constituents Were Found to be Present 
 in Largest Quantities. 
 
 (Unless otherwise designated hours are A. M.; P — P. M. ; M — Noon; 
 N— Midnight.) 
 
 Org. Nitrogen 
 
 Free Ammonia 
 
 Nitrites 
 
 Nitrates 
 
 Oxygen Con. Total. 
 
 Chlorine 
 
 Total Susp. Matter. 
 
 Volatile 
 
 Fixed 
 
 Alkalinity 
 
 Sun. 
 
 Mon. 
 
 Tues. 
 
 Wed. 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 8 
 
 lip 
 
 6 
 
 9p 
 
 10 p 
 
 lOp 
 
 12n 
 
 2;3 
 
 1 
 
 4;5 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 11 
 
 ll;2p 
 
 11 
 
 5p 
 
 12m 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 9;11 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 11 
 
 3p 
 
 4p 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 12m 
 
 4p 
 
 7;12m:lp 
 lOp 
 5 
 
 11 
 4p 
 3p 
 3p 
 3p 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 9.3p 
 lOp 
 
 IP 
 5p 
 
 11 
 
 12m 
 
 10 
 9 
 
 Sat. 
 
 11 
 8 
 lOp.llp 
 1 
 
 10 
 11 
 11 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 Note: Where equally high results of analyses were obtained at two or 
 more hours during the day, all such hours are recorded. 
 
 It appears that the greatest amount of organic nitrogen is present in the 
 sewage in the forenoon, at hours varying from 8 to 11 o'clock. In general it 
 would appear that the discharge of mill wastes causes a somewhat earlier 
 high point in organic nitrogen than would be found with domestic sewage. 
 
 The maximum amount of free ammonia was found during the forenoon ol 
 evETy day, except Wednesday, when it was present at 11 p. m., although upon 
 Thursday an equal amount was found at 12 o'clock noon and 1 p. m., and on 
 Friday at 3 p. m. 
 
 Nitrites were found to be highest at 9 or 10 i). m. upon every day except 
 Sunday, when the high point was reached at 6 p. m. On Saturday the amount 
 present at 11 o'clock was equal to that present at 10 o'clock. 
 
 Nitrates were found to be highest in the vicinity of midnight, varying 
 from 12 fl'clock night to 5 a. m. Friday was an exception, the high point being 
 reached At 1 p. m. The presence of high nitrates, and possibly of high ni- 
 trites may be accounted for in part by the presence of ground water in larger 
 proportion at these hours than during the remainder of the day, and In part 
 by the reduced proportion of decomposition due to bacterial action by which 
 nitrates contributedby the ground water were reduced. 
 
 The maximum amountof carbonaceous organic matter as shown by the 
 total oxygen consumed, was found to be present between the hours of 9 and 
 11 a. m., with the exception of Friday when maximum hour was 5 p. m. 
 
 The time at which the maximum amount of chlorine was found to he 
 present varied quite widely. Uuon four days, Sunday, Monday, Friday and 
 Saturday, the maximum point was reached at 11 a. m., upon Wednesday at 12 
 noon, upon Thursday at 4 p. m., and upon Tuesday at 5 p. m. 
 
 The maximum amount of total suspended matter was present between 
 the hours of 9 a. m. and 12 o'clock noon upon all days except Thursday, when 
 It was present at 3 p. m. 
 
 The maximum amount of volatile suspended matter corresponded as to 
 time quite closely with the total suspended matter. 
 
 56 
 
Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity 
 
 — OF — 
 
 Organic Nitrogen in Sewage 
 
 , ON — 
 
 Different Days of Week 
 
 Gloversville, N Y 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity 
 
 — OP — 
 
 Suspended Matter in Sewage 
 
 ON — 
 
 Different Days of Week 
 
 
 
 
 /^ 
 
 
 
 
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 f / 
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 Gloversville, NY. 
 
 
 
 V 
 
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 3 
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Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity 
 
 — OF — 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrates in Sewage 
 
 — ON — 
 
 Different Days of Week 
 
 Gloversville, NY. 
 
 \;. \ 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ffl 
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 r- 
 
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 Hourly Fluctuation in Quantity 
 
 - OF — 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrites in Sewage 
 
 ON — 
 
 Different Days of Week 
 
 Gloversville. n y 
 
 
 
 '~~-. 
 
 
 
 V. 
 
 
 
 
 r"^' 
 
 
 
 
 
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The hours at which inorganic suspended matter was presence in maxi- 
 mum amount varied considerably, and in some cases did not appear to have 
 any relation to the time at which the maximum amount of organic suspended 
 matter was present. 
 
 The sewage was found to be most strongly alkaline in the forenoon upon 
 five daws of the week, at noon upon Tuesday, and at 4 p. m. upon Wednesday. 
 
 While the variations in the time of maximum strength as shown by the 
 various determinations were considerable, it was generally found that the 
 sewage was strongest between the hours of 8 a. m. and 5 p. m. Practically 
 the only exception to this rule was in the cases of nitrites and nitrates 
 which were almost invariably present in greatest amounts between 6 p. m. 
 and 5 a. m. The nitrites were present in greatetst amounts between 6 p. m. 
 and 11 p. m., the maximum amount being found very uniformly at about 10 p. 
 m. The nitrates were generally present In maximum amount at about mid- 
 night. As already explained, the presence in large quantities of nitrites and 
 nitrates at these hours is due to the fact that the proportion of ground water 
 to the sewage is much greater during the night. 
 
 The sewage appears to be very dilute between 1 and 6 o'clock a. m. Dur- 
 ing these hours it is scarcely more polluted than many brooks running through 
 agricultural communities, although the presence of fairly large amounts of 
 nitrates and chlorine show that the water in the sewers strongly resembles 
 water which has at some time been polluted but by its passage through the 
 ground has become to some extent purified; in other words, the water flow- 
 ing at night has the appearance of being ground water from a thickly popu- 
 lated community. 
 
 Character of Sewage as Shown by Daily Analyses. 
 
 Analyses of station sewage were made daily from the 26th of May, 1908, 
 to the 30th of June, 1909, inclusive. Only a few analyses were made in May, 
 1908, and on that account too much value should not be attached to the aver- 
 age results for that month. 
 
 The results of these analyses, given in detail in Appendix D, can, on ac- 
 count of the great mass of figures, be best studied from the averages given 
 in Table XXVII. The individual analyses, however, show the wide fluctua- 
 tions in the quality of sewage from day to day, and also the effect of storm 
 water. An illustration of the wide fluctuation in results is shown by the 
 analyses of July 18 and 19. Upon the former day the total suspended matter 
 amounted to 898 parts, while upon the latter day it had dropped to 182 parts. 
 This great fluctuation is explained by the facts that the 19th, upon which the 
 sewage was comparatively weak, fell upon Sunday, and that there was con- 
 .siderable rain on the 18th. 
 
 The marked effect of storm water upon the composition of the sewage is 
 clearly shown by the analyses of June 4 and 5, 1909. Upon the latter day 
 rain was falling for practically 24 hours, and the flow increased from 2.1 mil- 
 lion gallons on the former day to 2.8 gallons upon the latter day, an increase 
 of about 31%. This storm water came from the roofs of houses connected 
 with .tiie sewers, from. streets still connected to the sewer system, and from 
 some of the mill tanks which are so located and constructed as to allow con- 
 siderable water to flow from the surface of. the ground into them. The water 
 irom these .various sources, particularly from the street surfaces and from 
 mill yards, carried with It comparatively large quantities of suspended mat- 
 
 57 
 
ter which materially increased the amount of suspended matter in the sew- 
 age upon the 5th of June over that contained in the sewage upon the day 
 previous. The increase in strength is shown by the following tabulation: 
 
 June 4th. June 5th. Increase. 
 
 Total Suspended Solids 312 622 166% 
 
 Volatile " " 196 254 73% 
 
 Fixed - 116 368 324% 
 
 While the amount of suspended matter in the sewage upon the rainy day 
 was very much greater than upon the fair day, the difference in the analyses 
 did not fairly represent the total increase in suspended matter delivered at 
 the experiment station because there was, in addition to the increased 
 strength of the sewage, an increased flow. The last column in the foregoing 
 table takes into account the increase in flow as well as the increase in im- 
 purities, and shows that there was an increase of 166% in the amount of im- 
 purities delivered at the station during the 24 hours of the 5th of June, proba- 
 bly almost wholly due to the effect of the storm water. The impurities car- 
 ried by the water running over the surface of the ground are very largely 
 of a mineration nature, as is demonstrated by the analyses which show an 
 increase in organic matter of 73%, while there was an increase in mineral 
 matter of 324%. This single illustration of the effect of storm water upon 
 the composition and flow of the sewage clearly shows the great importance 
 of preventing the admission of storm water to the sewers, and gives an idea 
 of the additional burden which will be placed upon the sewage disposal plant 
 if storm water is allowed to enter. 
 
 While the effect of summer showers and many times of protracted rains 
 during the spring, summer oi autumn, will be to produce a sewage contain- 
 ing an unusually large amount of suspended matter, yet some- storms and 
 particularly the water from melting snow in the spring of the year will cause 
 the sewage to be quite dilute. The accumulation of filth upon the surface of 
 the streets and about various mill yards reaching the sewers with storm 
 water, may cause an increased strength of sewage, even at times when the 
 snow is melting, but in general the high flows of spring will be accompanied 
 by dilute sewage. The effect of ground water will usually be to cause a dilute 
 sewage and at seasons when large quantities of ground water find their way 
 into the sewers, the sewage will generally be correspondingly dilute. 
 
 Table XXVII is a compilation of the monthly averages of all regular daily 
 analyses of station sewage made during the period covered by the experi- 
 ments and includes also the weighted average of the analyses. This table is 
 therefore based upon about 400 separate analyses. 
 
 These analyses Indicate that the character of the sewage on the average 
 throughout the 24 hours of the day, and throughout the entire month, is simi- 
 lar to that of city sewage containing manufacturing waste, although it is very 
 strong, containing an unusual amount of chlorine and is exceptionally alka- 
 Ime in reaction. 
 
 In considering these analyses, it should be borne in mind that the mill 
 tanks were almost all in operation during the period covered and that a very 
 large proportion of the impurities which would otherwise have found their 
 way into the sewage were retained in these tanks. 
 
 The effect of the mill settling tanks upon the composition of the sewage 
 has been very pronounced. The character of the sewage has been greatly 
 tro^^ff ^FJ^f^^.°^ *^®'^ ^^°^'' without which it would have been ex- 
 r^anf. o *! 71^""^ expensive to purify. About 50% of the nitrogenous 
 ^vv^Pn l^L? t^e.«:arbonaceous matter, as shown by organic nitrogen and 
 oxygen consumed, is in suspension. 
 
 58 
 
Of the suspended matter substantially 60% is organic. This proportion 
 corresponds quite closely with that found in ordinary city sewage, especially 
 with sewages containing more or less manufacturing wastes. 
 
 u 
 
 G) 
 
 % 
 
 V 
 CO 
 
 c 
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 — Dl 
 
 > WW 
 
 V V >- 
 
 ii si 
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 THCOOSOOOOiOOO^ffqoJOOOOlM 
 rOCqiHffQrHi-ir-trHfMIMCOCOIMcq 
 
 ^JOOtHtHOOOOOOOOC-OS 
 
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 59 
 
It is Important to note that during September, October and November, 
 when the sewage contained only a moderate amount of storm or ground 
 water, dissolved oxygen was present upon nearly all occasions. (Prior to 
 September 21, the dissolved oxygen was not determined) . The fact that dis- 
 solved oxygen, nitrites, and nitrates, are present so large a proportion of 
 the time, is another indication that the sewage is rather more stable than 
 ordinary city sewage. This is particularly significant in view of the fact 
 that all of the mill wastes pass through tanks containing sludge before being 
 discharged into the sewer. This sludge, as has already been pointed out, 
 has undergone more or less decomposition, and unless the wastes were more 
 stable in composition than ordinary domestic sewage, the dissolved oxygen 
 would probably be entirely used up, not only in the mill wastes themselves, 
 but also in the domestic sewage flowing in the trunk sewer. 
 
 Composition of Sffwage Compared with that of Other Cities. 
 
 In Table XXVIII are given the average results of analyses of sewage 
 from various cities and towns, by means of which it is possible to make a 
 comparison of the quality of that received at the experiment station in Glov- 
 ersville with that received at the experiment stations at Columbus, Ohio, 
 Boston, Mass., and Waterbury, Conn., and also with that received at the 
 sewage disposal plants at Worcester, Brockton, and fifteen other cities and 
 towns in Massachusetts. Prom this table it appears that there is about twice 
 as much nitrogenous organic matter in the sewage of Gloversville as in that 
 of Columbus or Waterbury. It is also significant that while Free Ammonia 
 in the sewage at Gloversville is as high as that of Columbus and Waterbury, 
 it is much lower than that of Worcester, Brockton, or the average of all the 
 other Massachusetts cities. This is doubtless due to the dilution of the do- 
 mestic sewage with tannery wastes, which are low in Free Ammonia, — a con- 
 dition previous pointed out. 
 
 60 
 
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 190— Date 
 Average 
 
 03 
 -t-j 
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 t~t 
 
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 3 
 
 Columbus 
 Waterbury 
 Worcester, 1908 
 Brockton, 1903 
 Ave. for fifteen 
 
 other Mass. 
 
 cities, 1903 
 Boston, 1903-1905 
 
 61 
 
The quantity of carbonaceous organic matter as represented by Oxygen 
 Consumed, Is about twice as great in the sewage at Gloversvllle, as in that 
 of Columbus, Waterbury, or the fifteen cities and towns of Massachusetts, 
 although somewhat less than that of the City of Worcester, and considera- 
 bly less than that of the city of Brockton. The Total Suspended Matter 
 found at Gloversvllle Is twice as high as that of Columbus, Waterbury, or the 
 fifteen cities in Massachusetts, although not as great as that of the City of 
 Brockton. In this connection It should be stated that the sewage of the City 
 of Brockton is one of the strongest sewages, analyses of which are available 
 for comparison. In general it may be stated that the sewage of Gloversvllle, 
 even when the mill settling tanks are in operation, is fully twice as strong 
 as that which has been experimented with at the various experiment sta- 
 tions, and with the exception of Brockton, fully twice as strong as that which 
 is actually treated at a large number of sewage disposal works in Massachu- 
 setts. 
 
 Character of Sewage received between 7:00 a. m. and 6:00 p. m. 
 
 While there are small quantities of mill wastes discharged throughout 
 the night, the marked effect of the tannery waste becomes apparent soon 
 after 7 o'clock in the morning, and continues until 9 or 10 o'clock in the even- 
 ing, although there is a gradual reduction in the amount after 6 o'clock. 
 
 Some light is thrown on the effect of mill wastes upon the character ot 
 the sewage by the analyses recorded In Table XXIX. Unfortunately the 
 analyses for the 24-hour and the 10-hour periods were not made upon sam- 
 ples taken upon the same days, although the general conditions were the 
 same during both periods, and they are sufficiently close together In point 
 of time, so that they probably fairly closely represented the character of the 
 sewage received during the latter part of 1907 and the early part of 1908. 
 From these analyses, it appears that the station sewage throughout the 
 twenty-four hours contains only about 63% as much Organic Nitrogen as dur- 
 ing the 10-hour period of the working day. A similar comparison shows only 
 63% as much Suspended Matter during the 24-hour period as during the 
 10-hour period. 
 
 62 
 
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 63 
 
Effect of Incubating Samples of Station Sewage. 
 
 One of the difficulties in the way of satisfactory treatment of the Glov- 
 ersville sewage, and one which has always been borne in mind, is that caused 
 by the presence of chemicals in the mill wastes, and the general antiseptic 
 character and stability of these wastes. To throw some light in a general 
 way upon the degree of putrescibllity, or in other words, the rapidity with 
 which the sewage would undergo decomposition, a series of tests was made 
 to determine the change in chemical composition caused by submitting sam- 
 ples to a period of incubation. The samples collected were held in glass 
 bottles at room temperature, averaging perhaps 70°P, during periods varying 
 from 6 to 12 days. 
 
 All of the samples were composed of portions taken every fifteen min- 
 utes from 7:15 a. m. to 6:45 p. m. and were colored with mill wastes and 
 the color persisted in all throughout the experiment, except those which 
 were highly putrescible, which turned black. The results of the analyses 
 made before and after incubation, together with the percent of increase or 
 decrease in the various determinations, are given in Table XXX. From these 
 analyses it appears that the change due to bacterial action is material but 
 does not appear to be much greater in 12 days than in 6 days. The decrease 
 in amount of organic nitrogen varied from 16 to 52% during the period of 
 incubation, and there was a corresponding increase in Free Ammonia of from 
 7 to 150%. The putrefactive processes were sufficient in almost all cases to 
 eliminate the nitrites, and in all cases the nitrates. There was a material 
 transformation in the carbonaceous organic matter as indicated by Oxygen 
 Consumed, which decreased in the incubated sample by from 18 to 37%. 
 
 64 
 

 
 
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From these tests made upon different samples, only the most general 
 conclusions can be drawn. To carry this study further, a series of tests was 
 made upon a single sample of sewage, which was incubated for a period of 
 six days. This contained about the usual proportion of mill waste found in 
 the sewage flowing in the daytime, and was also incubated at room tempera- 
 ture, nominally 70°F, analyses being made every 24 hours during the period 
 of incubation, which are recorded in Table XXXI. The gradual and nearly 
 uniform decrease in the amount of organic nitrogen is significant, and is 
 accompanied by a corresponding increase in the amount of Free Ammonia. 
 
 At the time it was taken the sample contained a small amount of ni- 
 trates and nitrites, which entirely disappeared at the end of the second day. 
 The total Oxygen Consumed showed a gradual reduction from 107 to 77 parts, 
 while the reduction in the amount of Dissolved Oxygen Consumed was very 
 marked, amounting to slightly more than 50%. 
 
 The residue on evaporation fluctuated considerably, and a small reduc- 
 tion in the total amount was indicated by analyses. It is entirely possible 
 that there was a slight reduction in the amount of organic solid matter, due 
 to transformation from the solid to the gaseous state. This reduction, how- 
 ever, would doubtless be very small, especially in so short a time and under 
 conditions which do not insure early pronounced putrefactive action. The 
 slight reduction in the amount of fixed or mineral solid matter, is not easily 
 explained. It is quite possible that this may have resulted from the incrus- 
 tation of the bottle with salts of lime, so that the samples taken from time 
 to time did not contain as much lime as the original sample. The reduction, 
 however, was comparatively slight, although the fluctuations were large. 
 
 66 
 
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 of hours 
 incubated. 
 
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 87 
 
As a result of the various incubation tests, it appears that the sewage 
 containing the mill wastes,— or in other words, that received at the station 
 between the hours of 7 a. m. and 6 p. m., is amenable to the usual laws of 
 putrefaction and decomposition. Further light will be given upon this sub- 
 ject by bacterial tests and also by the results of the operation, for a period 
 of several months, of the septic tank. The indications of these tests, which 
 were made prior to Installation of the septic tank, were sufficiently encour- 
 aging to warrant the construction of the experimental tanks, and the further 
 investigation of the biological treatment of this sewage. 
 
 EXPERIMENTS WITH SCREENING. 
 
 All the sewage pumped to the various tanks was passed through a 
 wooden screen built as already described. No measurements of the amounts 
 of screenings removed from day to day from this portions of the sewage have 
 been made as such figures woujd have been unreliable on account of the posi- 
 tion of the screen in the trunk sewer, as the major portion of the flow passed 
 around the screen on its way to the creek. 
 
 To determine the probable effect of screening upon a large scale the en- 
 tire flow of sewage was passed through a wooden screen made like the one 
 permanently used in front of the pump. This experiment was continued 
 throughout the twenty-four hours for six consecutive days. The data obtained 
 are given in Table XXXII. 
 
 TABLE XXXII. 
 Data Relating to Screening Sewage. 
 
 
 >. 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 •9 t. 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 Date and Day 
 of the week. 
 
 en 
 . o 
 
 3g 
 
 Lbs. Screen 
 removed pei 
 mil. gals. 
 
 Weather 
 Conditions. 
 
 Total flow of 
 Sewage Gals, per 
 24 hours. 
 
 Aprils, 1908 
 
 
 
 Raining at 8 a. m. 
 
 
 Wednesday 
 
 237 
 
 41. G 
 
 12 m. 5 p. m. 
 
 5,708,000 
 
 April 9,1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 Thursday 
 
 K 
 
 17. G 
 
 Clear 
 
 5,439,000 
 
 Aprlll 0,1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 Friday 
 
 95 
 
 22. G 
 
 Clear 
 
 4,182,000 
 
 April 11, 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 Saturday 
 
 119 
 
 29.0 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 4,140,000 
 
 April 12, 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sunday 
 
 71 
 
 19.7 
 
 Clear 
 
 3,599,000 
 
 April 13, 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 Monday 
 
 IGG 
 
 47.7 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 3,478,000 
 
 The sewage carried very large quantities of hair, skin, paper and rags 
 which tended to seriously and quickly clog the screens, so that it was neces- 
 
 68 
 
•sary to keep a man at the experimental screen practically all of the time be- 
 tween the hours of 7 a. m. and 12 m. During the afternoon the screen re- 
 quired cleaning several times but during the night it was not found necessary 
 to clean it at all. In this connection it should be remembered that the sew- 
 age is received in a very fresh condition and that little opportunity is af- 
 forded for the mechanical or chemical disintegration of the large solid mat- 
 ters, which is so effective in many other cities where the conditions are very 
 different. 
 
 An average of about 30 pounds of screenings were removed from each 
 million gallons of sewage screened. The screenings were sampled each day 
 and found to consist of 17% dry solid matter and 83% water. The dry solids 
 contained 79% volatile or organic matter and 21% of mineral or inorganic 
 matter. 
 
 Conclusions from Tests. 
 
 It is apparent from the tests which have been made that if screens are 
 to be used they will require the services of an attendant during the greater 
 part of the working day or the work must be done by automatic mechanical 
 devices. In view of the fact that any preliminary process which may be 
 adopted will involve the use of tanks it is believed that thorough screening 
 is not only unnecessary but should be avoided as involving additional and 
 useless expense, only such screening being done as may be necessary to pro- 
 tect valves and machinery. The quantity of screenings removed from the 
 sewage would have no material effect upon the quantity of sludge or the ex- 
 pense of dealing with It. 
 
 RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS WITH GRIT CHAMBER. 
 
 The usual object of constructing Grit Chambers in connection with sew- 
 age disposal plants is to collect the coarse and heavy particles carried by the 
 sewage which would otherwise be carried into septic tanks or sedimentation 
 basins. Such substances find their way into systems of combined sewers 
 during storms and are largely of a mineral nature. Where, as in the case of 
 Gloversville, separate drains are provided for storm water, very little if any 
 road detritus finds Its way into the sewers. On the other hand, much of the 
 refuse from the tanneries is of a very heavy nature and the large quantities 
 of lime If discharged into the trunk sewer might form deposits in septic tanks 
 or sedimentation basins which could be removed from Grit Chambers more 
 economically. It was to determine the necessity for such chambers that the 
 experimental grit chamber was provided. 
 
 A Grit Chamber was accordingly built as already described in detail, and 
 was operated from May 26, 1908, until the end of the following July. The re- 
 sults of daily analyses of sewage leaving the grit chamber are recorded in 
 Appendix E. 
 
 The amount of suspended matter removed by the grit chamber as orig- 
 inally constructed was very large and consequently the amount of material 
 subject to bacterial action which entered the septic tank was much less than 
 If. the sewage did not first pass through this chamber. For these reasons the 
 chamber was modified about August 1st, since which time analyses of the 
 effluent have been discontinued. The amount of sludge collected by and re- 
 moved from the remodelled Grit Chamber, has been measured and weighed 
 
 69 
 
but the quantity was so very small in relation to the flow that the effect upon 
 the analyses was Immaterial and therefore the quantities are not given. 
 
 The quantities of susr ended matter removed from the sewage during its 
 passage through the chamber as originally constructed, amounted to 43.6% 
 and 35.6% during June and July respectively. 
 
 Various data relating to the operation of the Grit Chamber and classi- 
 fied according to the periods ot operation between cleanings, are presented 
 in the following table: 
 
 TABLE XXXIII. 
 
 Data Relating to Operation of Grit Chamber. 
 
 1908. May 25th. 
 
 June 20th. 
 
 July 12th. 
 
 July 31st. 
 
 Days in period 32 
 
 26 
 
 22 
 
 19 
 
 Days since tank was cleaned. . . 32 
 
 26 
 
 22 
 
 19 
 
 Total quantity of Sewage flow- 
 
 
 
 
 ing through Chamber* 3200,000 
 
 2,600,000 
 
 2,200,000 
 
 1,900,000 
 
 Average period of flow (hours) . 0.36 
 
 0.36 
 
 0.36 
 
 0.36 
 
 Average velocity M.M per sec. . . 1.9 
 
 1.9 
 
 1.9 
 
 1.9 
 
 Cu. Yds. of Sludge per mil. gals. 1.1 
 
 2.1 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.8 
 
 *Since last cleaning. 
 
 From the investigation made it appears that from 1.1 cubic yards to 2.8 
 cubic yards of sludge were produced by and removed from the grit chamber 
 during each of the several periods of its operation. It was found necessary to 
 remove the sludge from the chamber at least once in each month. 
 
 The sludge removed was exceedingly offensive and of a character repre- 
 sented by the following analysis : 
 
 TABLE XXXIV. 
 
 Analysis of Sludge Removed from Grit Chamber. 
 
 Specific Gracity 1.023 
 
 Tone of Sludge per mil. gals 0.94 
 
 Water 92% 
 
 Solids 8% 
 
 Volatile Matter 51% Calculated in 
 
 Nitrogen 2.5% Dried 
 
 Plats 2.6% Sample. 
 
 The sludge did not appear to differ materially from that collected in the 
 septic and sedimentation tanks. There was not a large excess of sand, lime or 
 other mineral matters. 
 
 Conclusions as to Its Usefulness. 
 
 The effect of a grit chamber in withholding a large proportion of the sus- 
 pended matters of the sewage from the septic tank is to greatly reduce the 
 material available for bacterial action and consequently to reduce the amount 
 of such action and the amount of benefit derived therefrom should such action 
 and the amount of benefit derived therefrom should such action be beneficial. 
 Undoubtedly among the matters retained In the grit chamber is a large pro- 
 portion of those which are most likely to assist In the formation, of scum. 
 
 70 
 
The grit chamber may be beneficial in withholding such matters provided a 
 scum Is undesirable and on the other hand if it is advisable to form a scum 
 on the surface of the water, the action of the grit chamber is likely to be 
 detrimental. 
 
 "Where sedimentation is the preparatory method of treatment there seems 
 to be little reason for removing a large proportion of the sludge by means of a 
 grit chamber when the sludge which accumulates in such a chamber is of a 
 character nearly identical with that found in the sedimentation basin. 
 
 Experience with the experimental chamber indicates that during the 
 periods, of its operation in its original form the sludge at the time of removal 
 was exceedingly offensive. This fact has also been demonstrated on a large 
 scale by grit chambers at other places, notably those connected with the dis- 
 posal plant of the City of Worcester, Mass. 
 
 If the velocity of flow through the chambers is increased, as was done by 
 remodeling the experimental pdant, so as to prevent the sedimentation of the 
 organic matters and retain simply the very coarse particles and heavy min- 
 eral matters, the amount of material removed from the sewage of Glovers- 
 ville will be very small. The amount of such material removed from the 
 chamber after the alterations were made was approximately 0.6 of a cubic 
 foot per million gallons of sewage passing through the chamber. It is ap- 
 parent that this quantity is insignificant and if not retained in a grit chamber,, 
 would not in any way interfere with the successful action and operation either 
 of septic tanks or of sedimentation basins. The material which was deposited 
 in the remodelled chamber was not of a particularly offensive nature and n& 
 diflSculty would be anticipated in disposing of it on a large scale if for any 
 reason a grit chamber should be found to be a desirable feature of the pro- 
 posed plant. 
 
 These experiments have proven that the construction of grit chambers as a 
 feature of the proposed sewage disposal works, is unnecessary providing that 
 suitable settling tanks are constructed and efficiently maintained at the vari- 
 ous tanneries and mills producing wastes containing suspended matter. If 
 such tanks cannot be efficiently maintained, grit chambers would very likely 
 be of material advantage in the operation of the plant. The results of this 
 part of the investigation are particularly interesting as demonstrating that a 
 certain portion of the sewage disposal plant which might otherwise have been 
 built, can be omitted. 
 
 EXPERIMENTS WITH SEPTIC TREATMENT. 
 
 .Preliminary tests of the susceptibility of this sewage to bacterial action, 
 were made as already described, by incubating certain samples of sewage for 
 varying periods of time. These tests indicated that under suitable conditions 
 the chemical character of the sewage underwent considerable change due to 
 growth and life processes of bacteria. 
 
 Such bacteriological tests as have been made have confirmed the conclu- 
 sions drawn from the preliminary incubation tests and chemical analyses and 
 indicate that the changes which the sewage will undergo In the septic tank, 
 are in a general way similar in nature to those which are generally found to 
 take place when domestic or city sewage of ordinary quality is passed through 
 such tanks, The septic tank was put into use on April 27, 1908, and has been 
 operated almost continuously from that time until July 6, 1909. 
 
 71 
 
Period of Operation and Rate of Flow. 
 
 The time during whicti this tanli: has been in operation may logically be 
 divided into five periods. The limits of these periods, the number of days 
 ncluded in each, the rate of flow in hours, and the calculated velocity of flow, 
 are given in the following table: 
 
 TABLE XXXV. 
 
 Periods of Operation of and Rates of Flow Tlnrough Septic Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 on 
 p, d 
 
 
 
 VI 
 
 ^- 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^So 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 ° s - 
 
 Period in 
 
 a 
 
 g 
 
 
 Operation 
 
 o 
 
 PI 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 et-i 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 5a» 
 
 
 
 •a 
 
 <B . t. 
 
 
 f-i 
 
 o 
 
 ^a" 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 ^^1 
 
 
 O 
 
 CU 
 
 April 27-Aug. 26, 1908 121 
 
 Aug. 26-Dec. 3, 190S 75 
 
 Dec. 3, 1908-Jan. 9, 1909 34 
 
 Jan. 9-May 5, 1909 117 
 
 May 5- 
 July C, 1909 
 
 16 
 
 6 (6 a. m.-6 p. m.) 
 10 (6 p. m.-6 a. m.) 
 
 6 (6 a. m.-6 p. m.) 
 10 (6 p. m.-6 a. m.) 
 
 0.17 
 .0.34 
 ,0.34 
 0.45 
 0.27 
 0.45 
 0.27 
 
 The tank was operated upon a 16-hour flow basis from April 27 to August 
 26. There were indications during this period that the fermentation in the 
 tank was not as active as was desirable, and in part for that reason, and in 
 part to detei-mine the eflrect of reducing the length of the period, it was trans- 
 ferred to an 8-hour basis on August 26, and continued to operate at this rate 
 to December 3, 1908, the end of the second period. The flow through the 
 tank was interrupted for 3% days during the first period, at the time when 
 the alterations were being made in the grit chamber. 
 
 During May, June, and July, the sewage was passed through the grit 
 'Chamber as originally constructed, prior to entering the septic tank. As al- 
 ready explained in detail under the caption, "Results of Experiments with Grit 
 Chamber," much of the heavier suspended matter was removed from the 
 sewage while passing through the grit chamber, and consequently did not find 
 its way into the septic tank and did not go to make up a portion either of the 
 scum or sludge. 
 
 At the end of the second period the sludge was removed from the tank, 
 thus logically terminiating the period. The third period extended to January 
 5th, when the rate of flow through the tank was so altered as to make it as 
 nearly as practicable proportional to the rate of flow in the intercepting sewer. 
 To accomplish this, the rate was increased to a six-hour period during the 
 twelve hours from 6 a. m. and the night rate was reduced to a ten-hour period. 
 
 The fourth period extended from the time of making the rate of flow 
 proportional to that of the sewage delivered at the station to May 5, when the 
 tank was again cleaned. 
 
 72 
 
The fifth period extended to July 6, the rate of flow being the same as 
 during the preceding period. 
 
 General Observations. 
 
 The tank was started at a season of the year when it should have ma- 
 tured rapidly with the advent of warmer weather. However, up to August 26 
 there was very little septic action apparent; gas was given off only in very 
 imall quantities, the sewage retained its original color and little scum was 
 formed. The scum that was formed was that of a finely divided nature and 
 consisted of a thin film on the surface of the water. There were very few 
 of the violent ebulitions of sludge due to the storage of gas which are so char- 
 acteristic of septic tanks under active fermentation. Much of the time there 
 was a growth of green algae on the surface of the sewage, indicating the 
 presence of dissolved oxygen, nitrites or nitrates, which indications were con- 
 firmed by the analyses. 
 
 It was thought that possibly the lack of active fermentation was due to 
 the fact that large quantities of sludge were retained in the grit chamber, and 
 consequently on August 6, the chamber was reduced in size so that practical- 
 ly all of the suspended matter of the sewage was forced along with it into 
 the septic tank. After August 26 the increased rate of flow through the septic 
 tank to an 8-hour period provided a larger quantity of sludge to serve as a 
 medium for the propagation and growth of bacteria. 
 
 Either these changes, higher temperature, or other favorable conditions 
 which were not recognized, caused a decided increase in the amount of fer- 
 mentation. Gas was given off in comparatively large quantities and violent 
 upheavals of sludge saturated with gas were of frequent occurrence. There 
 was a marked increase in the quantity of suspended matter escaping with the 
 effluent due to nearly constant agitation of the sewage and sludge in the tank 
 by rising gas bubbles. Small patches of scum were found floating on the 
 surface of the sewage of the first compartment of the tank. The maximum 
 dept of the scum was about five inches and there was not nearly as much as 
 would be expected from the active fermentation of so fresh a sewage. 
 
 With the advent of lower temperatures in November there was a notice- 
 able reduction in the activity of fermentation and on November 23 the last 
 of the heavy or thick scum settled to the bottom of the tank. Dissolved oxy- 
 gen returned to the efiluent early in November when its temperature dropped 
 to 51° or 52° Fahrenheit and increased gradually until early in December 
 when two to four parts were generally present. 
 
 The third period was begun with a clean tank on December 3, and con- 
 tinued until the rate of fiow was changed to correspond more nearly with the 
 rate of flow of sewage in the trunk sewer. In this way, an effort was made 
 to operate the tank under conditions as nearly as possible like those which 
 will exist when the proposed plant is built. The change in rate, however, 
 did not cause any apparent increase in the amount of fermentation in the 
 tank and it again became necessary to remove the sludge, which was done 
 May 5, 1909. 
 
 The tank was put into use immediately upon being cleaned, thus begin- 
 ning the fifth period of service. The rates of fiow were continued the same 
 as during the fourth period, that Is, sufiicient to fill the tank in six hours 
 during the day and in ten hours during the night. During this period the 
 sludge accumulated rapidly but up to July 6 there had been no apparent in- 
 crease in the amount of fermentation and as far as outward appearances 
 
 73 
 
went the tank was doing practically the same work as the sedimentation 
 tank. The chemical analyses, however, indicate that septic action was being 
 gradually established. 
 
 Evolution of Gas. 
 
 While small quantities of gas have been given off from the tank much 
 of the time and fairly large amounts during the latter part of the summer 
 and fall of 190S, yet the production of gas has appeared to be less than is 
 ordinarily the case with septic tanks dealing with domestic sewage. No 
 measurement of the quantity of gas produced nor analyses to show its qual- 
 ity have been made. 
 
 Coloring Matter Reduced. 
 
 During much of the daytime the station sewage was highly colored by 
 the refuse tanning solutions. This color was somewhat reduced during the 
 passage of the sewage through the septic tank. The reduction, however, was 
 not much more marked than in the sedimentation tank. 
 
 Quality of Effluent. 
 
 Daily analyses have been made of the effluents from the septic tank from 
 which it is possible to follow the action of the tank from day to day. The re- 
 sults of these analyses appear in Appendix F. In Table XXXVI are given the 
 monthly averages of these analyses together with the weighted average for 
 the entire time during which the septic tank has been in operation. The 
 following tabulation shows the average composition of the crude sewage and 
 the effluent from the septic tank, together with the percent increase or de- 
 crease in the several constituents: 
 
 TABLE XXXVI. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Chemical Analyses of Effluent from Septic Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fa 
 
 til 
 
 a; 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oxygen 
 Consumed 
 
 
 Suspended 
 . Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 c3 
 
 
 
 
 1908-09 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 ■a 
 
 0) 
 
 TZ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 "d 
 
 Date 
 
 (-1 
 
 
 0) 
 
 > 
 
 a 
 
 (=1 
 
 10 
 
 
 a 
 > 
 
 ■o 
 
 a 
 
 
 s> 
 
 
 '^S 
 
 
 
 p. 
 
 a 
 
 rt 
 
 o 
 
 P. 
 
 o a 
 
 V 
 
 
 ■3 ?r 
 
 s 
 
 Pi 
 
 o 
 
 rt 
 
 ■■s 
 
 •a 
 
 (D 
 
 "3 a 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 m fa<l 
 
 ^ 
 
 2 
 
 H P 
 
 CQ 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 fa 
 
 <;h 
 
 OQ 
 
 May 
 
 
 7.7 
 
 4.9 
 
 2.8 
 
 Xi.t 
 
 J.W 
 
 0.13 
 
 3S Z 
 
 3 15 
 
 7(; 
 
 t,h 
 
 48 
 
 z^ 
 
 193 
 
 
 June 
 
 
 10.0 
 
 5.7 
 
 4.3 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.13 
 
 39 2 
 
 7 12 
 
 105 
 
 07 
 
 51 
 
 10 
 
 208 
 
 o.i 
 
 July 
 
 
 11.0 
 
 G.3 
 
 4.7 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.14 
 
 54 3 
 
 2 22 
 
 137 
 
 87 
 
 fi3 
 
 24 
 
 217 
 
 .15 
 
 August. . . 
 
 
 11.0 
 
 C.2 
 
 4.8 
 
 10.0 
 
 .020 
 
 0.18 
 
 52 3 
 
 2 21 
 
 119 
 
 115 
 
 78 
 
 39 
 
 227 
 
 
 September 
 
 
 11. C 
 
 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.09 
 
 07 . 
 
 * 
 
 123 
 
 111 
 
 79 
 
 32 
 
 247 
 
 
 October... 
 
 50 
 
 13.0 
 
 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.10 
 
 71 . 
 
 
 
 124 
 
 143 
 
 94 
 
 49 
 
 242 
 
 0.0 
 
 November 
 
 51 
 
 14.0 
 
 
 
 15.5 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.41 
 
 fi5 . 
 
 
 
 134 
 
 122 
 
 80 
 
 30 
 
 300 
 
 .71 
 
 December. 
 
 48 
 
 13.5 
 
 
 
 13.7 
 
 0.43 
 
 0.05 
 
 54 . 
 
 
 
 151 
 
 70 
 
 01 
 
 15 
 
 200 
 
 3.0 
 
 January. . 
 
 40 
 
 IG.O 
 
 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.41 
 
 0.98 
 
 fifi . 
 
 
 
 105 
 
 87 
 
 00 
 
 21 
 
 20G 
 
 3.2 
 
 February. 
 
 45 
 
 1G.5 
 
 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.39 
 
 1.5G 
 
 05 . 
 
 
 
 107 
 
 88 
 
 08 
 
 20 
 
 202 
 
 3.3 
 
 March 
 
 44 
 
 15.0 
 
 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.49 
 
 1.70 
 
 50 . 
 
 
 
 130 
 
 89 
 
 GO 
 
 23 
 
 197 
 
 4.2 
 
 April 
 
 45 
 
 13.5 
 
 
 
 9.70 
 
 0.84 
 
 l.CO 
 
 50 . 
 
 
 
 117 
 
 80 
 
 00 
 
 2G 
 
 200 
 
 4.3 
 
 May 
 
 52 
 
 18.0 
 
 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.73 
 
 1.33 
 
 55 . 
 
 
 
 101 
 
 112 
 
 73 
 
 39 
 
 215 
 
 2.5 
 
 June 
 
 58 
 50 
 
 17.0 
 
 
 4.5 
 
 17.0 
 14.0 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.45 
 
 57 . 
 
 
 
 193 
 13G 
 
 107 
 100 
 
 79 
 71 
 
 28 
 29 
 
 234 
 221 
 
 .7 
 
 Average 
 
 13.3 
 
 CO 
 
 0.29 
 
 0.59 
 
 58 3 
 
 
 
 L8 
 
 1.8 
 
 74 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 Sewage. Septic Eflluent. 
 
 Percent 
 Removed. 
 
 To;al Organic Nitrogen . . . . 
 Nitroien as Free Ammonia 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrites 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrates 
 
 Total Oxygen Consumed 
 
 Chlorine 
 
 Total Suspended Matter. . . . 
 
 Volatile " " 
 
 Fixed " " 
 
 Alkalinity 
 
 Dissolved Oxygen 
 
 43.5 
 -16.7 
 23.7 
 32.2 
 39.0 
 13.9 
 75.0 
 69.0 
 83.5 
 -1.8 
 22.4 
 
 It will be noticed from the table of monthly averages of analyses that the 
 average temperature of the eflluent from the tank gradually dropped from 56° 
 Fahr. in October to 44° F. in March, increasing to 58° for the month of June. 
 Undoubtedly the low temperatures of the winter had a decided retarding ef- 
 fect upon fermentation in the tank. The effect of the cold weather, together 
 with the sterilizing action of the chemicals frogi the mills, caused bacterial 
 activity to be reduced to such an extent that the work of the septic tank com- 
 pared closely with that accomplished by plain sedimentation. 
 
 The loss of heat in passing through the septic tank was very slight, 
 averaging about one degree during the winter months. 
 
 TABLE XXXVII. 
 Temperature of Sewage and Septic Effluent. 
 
 (Degrees Fahrenheit) 
 
 Month. Sewage. Septic Effluent. 
 
 November 52 51 
 
 December 49 48 
 
 January 47 46 
 
 February 46 45 
 
 March 45 44 
 
 The most noteworthy result of passing the sewage through the septic 
 tank was the reduction of the amount of impurities due essentially to sedi- 
 mentation. The total organic nitrogen was reduced on the average over 43%. 
 
 The quantity of Free Ammonia in the effluent was generally slightly 
 greater than in the crude sewage, the increase on an average being 16.7 per- 
 cent. This increase, although small, was clearly indicative of septic action, 
 knd it therefore appears that during practically no portion of the. time has 
 the tank been entirely free from such action. It is important to note that 
 when there was marked septic action, as during the months of September 
 and October, there was a much greater increase in the quantity of Free Am- 
 monia, the average increase for the month of September being 33J%. 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates have been present in the effluent throughout the 
 experiments indicating that there has not been sufficient septic action to use 
 up the oxygen combined In this form. When septic action was most marked 
 the quantity of Nitrites and Nitrates was only slight, but they increased with 
 the advent of colder weather so that during the winter months they were 
 present in comparatively large quantities. 
 
 The determination of Oxygen Consumed shows a reduction in the amount 
 of carbonaceous matter present in the sewage. The reduction was not as 
 
 75 
 
great as in the case of the nitrogenous substances, being only 39% as com- 
 pared with 43.5%. 
 
 Of the suspended matters In the sewage 69% of those of organic nature 
 and 83.5% of those of an inorganic nature were retained in the tank. Witli 
 the increase in the amount of septic action, beginning in August, 1908, there 
 was a marked increase in the amount of suspended matter in the effluent 
 This was due to the action ot the gas bubbles in stirring up the sludge and 
 sewage. The finely divided sludge thus distributed through the sewage was 
 carried out of the tank with the effluent and into the filters. An eftort was 
 made early in December by remodeling the tank to prevent so large an 
 amount of suspended matter from escaping. Unfortunately it was necessary 
 to clean the tank before the alterations could be made, and consequently the 
 cause of the greatly increased efficiency of the tank in this respect could not 
 be definitely ascertained. It is quite probable, however, that the modification 
 of the tank did little good because of the lack of active fermentation making 
 unnecessary the precautions taken to prevent the escape of suspended mat- 
 ter. This conclusion is borne out by the fact that the amount of suspended 
 matter in the effluent from the sedimentation tank, upon which no altera- 
 tions were made, was practically the same during the winter as was that 
 in the effluent from the septic tank. 
 
 The results of the experiments indicate that with tanks designed to re- 
 duce the amount of suspended matter in the effluent as much as possible, and 
 with these tanks operated in the most careful and scientific manner, it would 
 be impossible to produce an effluent containing on the average at most 90 
 parts per million of suspended solids. It may be possible that under the 
 most favorable conditions the suspended solids might even be reduced to 80 
 parts per million. It is, however, very doubtful if such satisfactory results 
 can be obtained from large tanks operated under ordinary conditions. Com- 
 paring these figures with the results obtained with experimental tanks at 
 Lawrence, Mass., and Columbus, Ohio, and with the large tanks at Worcester, 
 Mass., it appears that it will be very difficult to reduce the suspended matter 
 in the sewage at Gloversville by septic treatment to a point as low as that 
 in the effluents at Lawrence or Columbus (with the exception of Tanks D and 
 E at the latter place). On the other hand, it would appear probable that with 
 large tanks the suspended matter may be reduced somewhat lower than was 
 found to be the case with the large tanks at Worcester. 
 
 The following figures, with those in Table XXXVI, make possible this 
 interesting comparison: 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 Susp. Matter; Dry Solids. 
 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 
 Average of two experiments 201 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 1898-1904, Tank A 81 
 
 1904-1906, " A 54 
 
 " G 70 
 
 " H 43 
 
 Columbus, Ohio, 
 
 Tank A 73 
 
 " B 72 
 
 " C 81 
 
 " D 121 
 
 " E 130 
 
 Gloversville, N. Y 100 
 
 76 
 
INCREASE 
 
 IN 
 
 QUANTITY or DISSOLVED OXYGEN AMD 
 
 NITRATES 
 
 ' IN EFFLUENT FROM SEPTIC TANK, 
 
 CORRESPONDING TO REDUCTION IN TEMPERATURE 
 
 AND 
 
 DISSOLVED 
 0XY6EN 
 
 INCREASE IN QUANTITY OF SEWAGE. 
 
 i 
 
 5 4 
 
 1 3 
 
 7 3 
 
 3 7 
 
 9 Z 
 
 5 2I1 
 
 7 
 
 .3 
 
 9 0J5 
 
 NITRATES 
 
 JUNE 
 
 
 
 
 i 1 
 
 7 1 
 
 5 
 
 3" " "ill""" C 
 
 9 
 £ 
 
 7 
 
 5 Ow) 
 
 MAY 
 APR 
 
 
 
 
 
 TEM 
 
 
 if^^liJ-i 
 
 ■*■ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 ^- 
 
 5^^ 
 
 >^ 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 1, 
 
 
 r — 
 
 .^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 FEB 
 JAN 
 DEC 
 NOV 
 OCT 
 
 
 \ 
 
 ■ -> 
 
 "-^ 
 
 V. 
 
 j 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 \ 
 
 V 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 
 f^^''^.. ' ^ 
 "^^-^X 
 
 ^ ^^>- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fee^r.^^g. 
 
 :£<5v_ 
 
 -^•■J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^•^ 
 
 '<^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 N 
 
 f 
 
 AUG 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 i 
 
 4 
 
 /■ 
 
 
 
 ; 
 
 
 
 ! 7' 
 
 MIL.GAL JULY 
 •FLOW 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 3 
 
 
 6 2 
 
 4 2iJ/''' zio 1 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 8 3 
 
 i 3 
 
 4 3 
 
 2 
 
 8 2 
 
 TEMPERATURf^ 
 (FAHRENHEIT) 
 
 
 4 
 
 5" 
 
 4i° 
 
 5 
 
 ;.._- 
 
 --■'"5 
 
 7° i 91° 
 
 1 
 
 
The effect of septic action was to increase the alkalinity of the sewage 
 which was evident during each month from May until December, with the ex- 
 ception of June. During the four winter months December to March inclu- 
 sive, when there was very little septic action, there was a slight reduction 
 in alkalinity, while for the month of April it was the same in the effluent and 
 sewage, and during the months of May and June' there was again an increase. 
 The average for the entire year was 5.5% higher in the septic effluent than 
 in the sewage while during August there was an increase of 36.2%. The in- 
 crease or decrease in alkalinity appeared to correspond in general with the 
 intensity of septic action. 
 
 The dissolved oxygen which was almost universally present in the sew- 
 age, disappeared entirely during its passage through the tank when there 
 was active fermentation. There was, however, a marked increase in the 
 amount present in the effluent over that present in the sewage during the 
 latter part of the fall and the amount remained comparatively uniform at 
 from 3 to 4 parts during the winter. During June. 1909. the tank treatment 
 effected a marked decreased indicating that septic action was again in- 
 creasing, although yet feeble. 
 
 The effect of temperature in retaring the bacterial activity as shown by 
 the chemical analyses, is illustrated by the different curves of Diagram 10. 
 While the increase in dissolved axygen and nitrates corresponds closely- with 
 the reduction in temperature of the sewage, it is important to note that it 
 corresponds also with the increase in the quantity of sewage, which increase 
 is due to the discharge of surface and ground water into sewers. 
 
 The analyses which covered the period of thirteen months indicate that 
 bacterial action is always going on in the septic tank but that such action is 
 at no time as vigorous as is found under similar conditions with domestic 
 sewage. The increase in free ammonia and the decrease in nitrites, nitrates, 
 and dissolved oxygen all follow in fairly close manner the action going on in 
 the tank as indicated by the formation of gas, scum. etc. While the cleaning 
 of the tank in December was unfortunate, it is believed that the results of 
 the winter's work have not been materially different from the results which 
 would have been obtained had the sludge not been removed from the tank. 
 There was almost a negligible change in the quality of the sewage due to 
 bacterial action during the winter and early spring. In the .month of June, 
 1909, however, there was a marked change in the amount of dissolved oxy- 
 gen in the effluent and after the 22d, it was found to be entirely exhausted, 
 although always present in the crude sewage, at the same time there was a 
 marked increase in the amount of free ammonia. The indications are, there- 
 fore, that septic action will become vigorous during the summer and fall 
 of the present year as it did during the summer and fall of 1908. 
 
 Sludge Retained by Septic Tanl<. 
 
 The removal of suspended matter from the sewage by sedimentation 
 being an important function of the septic tank, it naturally follows that the 
 study of the suspended matters thus removed and accumulated in the tank, is 
 of much Importance. It was believed when these experiments were begun 
 that a large amount of sludge would be produced, which prophecy has been 
 fulfilled. The sludge showed from time' to time the effects of septic action. 
 The evidence of such action was naturally much greater during that portion 
 of the time when fermentation was most active. At such times there was a 
 tendency for the sludge to become distributed over the bottom of the tnak 
 
 77 
 
in a layer of fairly uniform thickness throughout its length. At times when 
 there was little septic action there was a decided accumulation at or near 
 the inlet end of the tank, with a corresponding reduction in depth toward 
 the outlet end. There was never sufficient septic action to cause the sludge 
 to become generally disintegrated and finely divided. Coarser particles and 
 fibrous matter were always in evidence in the first and second compartments, 
 although in the third and fourth compartments, especially during the period 
 of active fermentation, the sludge was more finely divided and showed 
 marked evidence of disintegration due to septic action. 
 
 The sludge always had an offensive odor although the characteristic 
 odors of the tannery refuse were never entirely obliterated. . 
 
 The coarser and more fibrous sludge which was retained in the first and 
 second compartments was usually of a grayish color, while the more finely 
 divided sludge from the third and fourth compartments was generally black. 
 
 The consistency of the sludge in the first and second compartments was 
 such that it could not be readijy pumped without the addition of considera- 
 ble water. After draining for a short time it was of such a nature that it 
 could be forked or shoveled. The sludge from the third and fourth compart- 
 ments was of such a consistancy that it could generally be pumped without 
 great difficulty. It is quite probable that the difference in the physical condi- 
 tion of the suspended matter in the sludge was partly responsible for tlie 
 apparent difference in its consistency. In other words the coarse and fibrous 
 material collected in the first and second compartments doubtless offered 
 greater resistance to pumping than the more finely divided materials in the 
 other compartments. The proportion of solid matter in the sludge, as will be 
 seen from the further discussion of this subject, was usually noticeably great- 
 er in the first compartment than in the others. 
 
 The results of the various measurements and analysis of the sludge are 
 given in Table XXXVIII. 
 
 Volume of Sludge Produced from Month to Month. 
 
 The volume of sludge produced during the different months of operation 
 varied from 4.1 cubic yards per million gallons of sewage passing through 
 the tank to 7.3 cubic yards. 
 
 The relative quantity of sludge produced during the period of active fer- 
 mentation was less than that produced earlier in the life of the tank or dur- 
 ing the winter and spring of 1909 when very little septic action was evident 
 It is true that a part of the suspended matter of the sewage escaped with 
 the effluent during the period of greatest activity and that in part accounts 
 for the reduced volume of sludge formed during that time. It is doubtless 
 also true that a part ot the reduction was due to fermentation. It is inter- 
 esting to note that the minimum production of sludge was at the rate of 4.1 
 cubic yards per million gallons, while the maximum rate of production dur- 
 ing the winter was 6.1 and from June 12 to July 6, 1909, it was 7.3 cubic yards. 
 The sludge produced during this, last period was, however, comparatively 
 light. In other words, nearly twice as great a volume of sludge was pro- 
 duced during the early summer of 1909 as during September and November 
 when the fermentation was at its maximum. 
 
 Density of Sludge. 
 
 At the various times when the sludge was examined it was found to 
 vary in density from 82% water on June 3, and 12, 1909, to 93% water on 
 
 7S 
 
August 26, 1908. The sludge produced during the spring of 1909 was very 
 heavy, the maximum weight per cubic yard being 1898 pounds, while the 
 minimum weight, found on August 26, was 1721 pounds per oubic yard. The 
 specific gravity of the sludge varied from 1.02 to 1.13. 
 
 Volume and Analyses of Sludge Removed from Tank. 
 
 While the monthly measurements of sludge throw much light upon the 
 rate of accumulation and the variations from month to month, it is important 
 
 
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 79 
 
to consider the amount of sludge on hand at the expiration of comparative- 
 ly long periods of time, corresponding with the dates upon which it was nec- 
 essary to remove the sludge from the tank. The tank could have heen run 
 somewhat later than December 3, without cleaning, although it would not 
 have been possible to have continued operations through the winter, with- 
 out removing the sludge. It would, therefore, seem to be fair to consider the 
 cleaning of December 3rd as the reasonable end of the summer period and 
 to assume that with a tank of the design an ddismensions of the one used 
 In the experiments, it would be necessary to remove the sludge at about this 
 time each year. When the tank was cleaned on June 12, 1909, there was a 
 very large accumulation of sludge, and it would not have been possible to 
 continue operations longer without removing it. In fact, the tank would 
 doubtless have done better work had it been cleaned somewhat earlier. 
 
 A summary of data relating to sludge calculated upon the periods from 
 the beginning of the experiments to December 3rd, and from December 7, 
 1908, to June 12, 1909, respectively, is presented in the following-table: 
 
 TABLE XXXIX. 
 
 Data Relating to Sludge Removed from Septic Tank at End of Summer and 
 
 Winter Periods. 
 
 Dec. 7, '08, 
 to June 12, '09, 
 
 Apr. 3, 'OS, 
 Period of Operation. to Dec. 3, '08. 
 
 Days tank was in operation 220 
 
 Total gal'.ons treated 7,440,000 
 
 Specific Gravity 1.03 
 
 Wt. per Cu. Yds. Clbs.) 1,735. 
 
 Water (%) 92 
 
 Volatile Matter (%) 4.6 
 
 N'trogen (%) 0.20 
 
 Pats (%) 0.44 
 
 Tons wet sludge per mil. gals 3.56 
 
 Cu. Yds. Wet Sludge per mil. gals 4.1 
 
 Cu. Yds. Wet Sludge per mil. gals, based 
 
 upon 10% solids 3.18 
 
 "Weighted average. 
 
 Sludse 10% solid— Sp. Gr. 1.06. Weight per cu. yd. 1790 pounds. 
 
 From the foregoing table it appears that the weighted average of sludge 
 produced per million gallons during the entire time the septic tank was in 
 use was 4.5 cubic yards, equivalent to 0.091% of the flow of sewage passing 
 through the tank. 
 
 188 
 9,333,000 
 
 1.11 
 1,871. 
 82 
 6.4 
 0.30 
 0.61 
 4.6 
 4.9 (4.5)* 
 
 9.23 (6,35)' 
 
 The density of the sludge to be removed from a septic tank will vary from 
 time to time and therefore for the sake of comparison it is convenient to re- 
 duce the figures to a uniform basis on the assumption of a sludge containing 
 90% water and a specific gravity of 1.06. Table XL has been prepared for the 
 purpose. 
 
 80 
 
TABLE XL. 
 Quantity of Sludge Removed from Septic Tank Reduced to Uniform Density. 
 
 Date. 
 
 G o 
 
 ^* 
 
 
 gtO 
 
 2S 
 
 
 
 ■a (D 
 
 g a 
 
 >■ 
 
 
 £>. 
 
 to 3 
 
 050 
 
 0) 
 tS 
 
 3 2, 
 
 
 CoMO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 & 
 
 
 
 o 
 E-1- 
 
 OS n 
 " u 
 
 Apr. 27-Dec. 3, '08 7,444,000 4.1 3.18 4,230 569 
 
 Dee. 3-June 12, 1909 9,333.000 4.9 9.23 15,460 1,656 
 
 •Million Weighted Av. 4.5 6.35 
 
 From the data given in Table XL it appears that about 19.05 cubic yards 
 of sludge of a calculated density of 90% water should be produced each day 
 if the entire flow of sewage were treated by this method, assuming the flow to 
 average 3,000,000 gallons daily. Upon this basis, the total annual production 
 of sludge would amount to about 6,960 cubic yards, or if calculated on a basis 
 of the weighted average of sludge actually removed during the experiments 
 (4.5 cu. yards per million gallons) the quantity would be 4,935 cubic yards, 
 equivalent to 13.5 cubic yards per day. The actual quantity to be disposed of 
 would vary from season to season and from year to year, dependent upon the 
 condition of business, the degree of efficiency of the mill tanks, the intensity 
 of septic action which can be maintained, and the density of the sludge at the 
 time of cleaning the tanks. The activity of fermentation will itself vary ac- 
 cording to the chemical character of the sewage and also according to the 
 variations of temperature. This quantity of sludge is so large that with tanks 
 as ordinarily constructed, it would probably be necessary to remove it at 
 least as often as twice each year, and perhaps at more frequent intervals. 
 
 Quantity of Sludge Produced at Gloversville, Compared with that Produced 
 
 Other Places. 
 
 The quantities of sludge produced at Gloversville and at the experiment 
 stations at Lawrence and Boston, Mass., and Columbus, Ohio, and at the large 
 plant at Worcester, Mass., are given in Table XLI. 
 
 81 
 
TABLE XLI. 
 Quantity of Sludge Produced by Septic Tanks in Various Places. 
 
 
 2os 
 
 0) 
 
 3 
 
 2 >ia> 
 
 
 •oZK 
 
 to cs 
 
 
 • Cti 
 
 
 2« 
 
 ^g; 
 
 S)!^ 
 
 d"^ 
 
 Plane. 
 
 .equii 
 
 : at r 
 
 flow 
 
 to 
 m m 
 
 ■a . 
 
 
 
 
 K'S a 
 
 o . 
 
 „ 0) CB 
 
 0^ A 
 
 M a 
 
 
 »|^ 
 
 M g 
 
 
 
 sr ^ 
 
 f- 
 
 V-,B^ 
 
 •2^^ 
 
 
 hSS 
 
 P a 
 
 3V <" 
 
 .=00 
 
 Gloversville: 
 
 s 
 
 509 
 
 4.1 
 
 3.18 
 
 Summer Period. 
 
 6-10 
 
 1056 
 
 4.9 
 
 9.20 
 
 Winter 
 
 
 
 
 
 Avg. (weighted) 
 
 
 
 4.5 
 
 6.35 
 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 
 
 
 
 1901-1902 
 
 28-17 
 
 290 
 
 3.9 
 
 1.62 
 
 1902-1903 
 
 28-11 
 
 354 
 
 1.5 
 
 1.98 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tank A. 1898-04 
 
 42-14 
 
 286 
 
 
 1.60 
 
 " A. 1904-06 
 
 12+36 
 
 202 
 
 
 1.13 
 
 ■' G. 
 
 6 
 
 99.7 
 
 
 0.56 
 
 " H. 
 
 18 
 
 167.8 
 
 
 0.94 
 
 Columbus, Ohio. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tank A.* 
 
 13.9 
 
 420 
 
 1.4 
 
 2.35 
 
 " B.* 
 
 21.8 
 
 580 
 
 1.8 
 
 3 25 
 
 " C* 
 
 8.0 
 
 240 
 
 0.8 
 
 1.34 
 
 " D.* 
 
 4.0 
 
 400 
 
 1.5 
 
 2.23 
 
 " E. 
 
 8.0 
 
 800 
 
 2.9 
 
 4.80 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tank 5. 
 
 48-12 
 
 178 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.00 
 
 " 7. 
 
 12 
 
 115 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.G4 
 
 " 8. 
 
 48 
 
 510 
 
 4.7 
 
 2.85 
 
 " 9. 
 
 24 
 
 279 
 
 1.7 
 
 1.56 
 
 " 10. 
 
 *C3^-^^^ _i j.t 
 
 24 
 
 282 
 
 1.5 
 
 1.58 
 
 entering septic tank. 
 
 Prom available records of sludge produced at these places, it appears 
 that the quantity removed from the tanks at Gloversville is far in excess of 
 that produced by most of the tanks included in this comparison. One tank, 
 No. 8, at Boston, produced about the same amount as the tanks at Glovers- 
 ville, while at Worcester during the first experiment the quantity produced 
 ■was large although somewhat less than at Gloversville. All of the other tanks 
 produced but a small fraction of the amount removed from the tanks at Glov- 
 ersville. 
 
 Taking into account the density of the sludge from respective tanks and 
 calculating the volume upon the basis of sludge of uniform density of 90% 
 water, it appears that the sludge produced at Gloversville is far in excess of 
 that produced by any of the other tanks. It would appear from these calcula- 
 tions that the quantity produced at Gloversville would be three or four times 
 as great as that produced at other places. 
 
 Quantity of Dry Solids in Sludge. 
 
 There is variation from time to time in the actual weight Of solid matter 
 in the sludge as well as in its volume. Table XLII gives the weight of soUds 
 per million gallons of sludge, as found upon the several dates of examinatioin. 
 
 82 
 
TABLE XLM. 
 Quantity of Solids in Sludge of Septic Tanks. 
 
 Date. Lbs. per mil. gals, sewage. 
 
 Weight otDry Solids 
 
 Aug. 26 628 
 
 Sept. 11 591 
 
 Nov. 9 565 
 
 Dec. 3 569 
 
 Jan. 9 781 
 
 Feb. 2 868 
 
 Mch. 2 1174 
 
 Apr. 3 1010 
 
 May 5 1163 
 
 June 3 1590 
 
 June 12 1647 
 
 July 6 1158 
 
 The figures in Table XLII represent the weight of solid matter added to 
 the sludge between each two consecutive dates and cannot be applied to en- 
 tire periods from the beginning of operation of the tanks to the time of 
 cleaning. 
 
 It appears that the amount of solid matter retained in the septic tank 
 during the period of active fermentation was materially less than that pro- 
 duced during the winter and spring of 1909. The possible causes of this vari- 
 ation have already been fully discussed. 
 
 Suspended Solids Removed from Sewage Compared with Solids Found in 
 
 Sludge. 
 
 In Table XLIII are given in pounds per million gallons the quantity of dry 
 solid matter present in the sewage entering the septic tank and in the efflu- 
 en therefrom, and the diifference which represents the amount which was 
 removed from the sewage. In the fifth column of the table is given the quan- 
 tity of solids found to have been added to the accumulation of sludge on each 
 of the dates specified. The dates when the sludge was measured and an- 
 alyzed correspond in a general way with the different months in the first col- 
 umn and the quantities in the fifth column may be taken to represent approxi- 
 mately the quantity of solids collected in the tank from month to month. ^ 
 
 A comparison of the quantity of solids found in the sludge with the quan- 
 tity calculated to have been removed from the sewage, shows that in general 
 during the warmer season of the year from 65 to 80% of the solid matter 
 which was removed from the sewage disappeared and did not remain in the 
 tank. During the colder portion of the year from one-third to one-half of the 
 solid matter removed from the sewage disappeared and was not found in the 
 Sludge. There are, of course, great difficulties in the way of sampling and 
 analyzing the sludge, and comparisons of this kind are always unsatisfactory. 
 The indications are, however, that about twice as much solid matter is liqui- 
 fied or lost during the warmer portion of the year when septic action is more 
 pronounced as during the colder portion of the year. 
 
 83 
 
TABLE XLIII. 
 
 Suspended Solids Removed from Sewage Compared with Solids Found it* 
 
 Sludge. 
 
 Pounds of Dry Solids per Million Gallons oi aewage. 
 
 05 
 
 a 
 
 g 
 d 
 
 t-4 
 
 cl 
 
 CD 
 
 a 
 
 > 9 
 
 B 
 ^ o3 
 
 ,= ■= 
 fe to 
 
 4-> 
 o 
 
 (D 
 M . 
 
 ■d-o 
 
 O _ 0) 
 ® " ,« 
 
 Q ^ & 
 
 May, 1908.... 
 
 114li 
 1910 
 2862 
 3740 
 2948 
 3215 
 3280 
 2545 
 2930 
 3935 
 2252 
 3280 
 4330 
 4488 
 
 3410 
 
 578.5 
 
 500. 
 
 728. 
 
 9G3. 
 
 929. 
 1197. 
 1021. 
 
 G36. 
 
 728. 
 
 737. 
 
 745. 
 
 720. 
 
 938. 
 
 896. 
 
 0&U7.5 
 
 1350. 
 
 2134. 
 
 2777. 
 
 2019. 
 
 2018. 
 
 2259. 
 
 1909. 
 
 2202. 
 
 3198. 
 
 1507. 
 
 25C0. 
 
 3392. 
 
 3592. 
 
 '628 
 
 591 
 
 5C5 
 
 5G9 
 
 731 
 
 8G8 
 
 1174 
 
 1010 
 
 11G3 
 
 1590 
 
 1647 
 
 1158 
 
 1174 
 
 76!5 
 78.6 
 72.0 
 71.8 
 65.3 
 54.5 
 4G.7 
 68.4 
 22.8 
 37.9 
 51.5 
 67.8 
 
 54.4 
 
 
 July 
 
 Aug. 26 
 
 August 
 
 September. . . . 
 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 January, 1909. 
 
 February 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 Sept. 11 
 Nov. 9 
 Dec. 3 
 Jan. 9 
 Feb. 2 
 Mar. 2 
 Apr. 3 
 May 5 
 June S 
 
 
 June 12 
 
 June 
 
 July 6 
 
 
 
 Average 
 
 837. 
 
 2573. 
 
 
 Chemical Composition of Sludge. 
 
 Table XLIV shows the proportion of volatile matter, nitrogen and fata 
 In the sludge upon the various date.s of measuring and sampling. 
 
 TABLE XLIV. 
 Analyses of Dry Sludge from Septic Tank. 
 
 (Per cent.) 
 
 Date. 
 
 Volatile 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Fats 
 
 August 26 
 
 September 11. 
 November 9. . . 
 December 3. . . 
 January 9 . . . . 
 February 2 . . . 
 
 March 2 
 
 April 3 
 
 May 5 
 
 June 3 
 
 June 12 
 
 July 6 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 51.5 
 54.4 
 5G.3 
 57.5 
 55.0 
 .60.0 
 50.8 
 45.8 
 48.5 
 35. G 
 35. G 
 47.8 
 
 49.9 
 
 2.1 
 2.3 
 2.1 
 2.5 
 3:--i). 
 2.4 
 2.4 
 2.1 
 2.1 
 1.7 
 1.7 
 2-3 
 
 2.225 
 
 U.3 
 5.9 
 6.5 
 5.5 
 4.9 
 5.1 
 3.2 
 4.8 
 4.9 
 3.4 
 3.4 
 4.4 
 
 4.85 
 
 84 
 
It appears that the jproportion of volatile matter in this sludge was high- 
 est during the jmonth of February, wien it was 60% of the total. There was 
 a marked decrease in the proportion of organic matter during the months of 
 April, May and June. This decrease was probably due partly to road detritus 
 carried into the sewers by storm water and the water from melting snow, and 
 partly to an excessive amount of inorganic matters passing the mill tanks 
 which in some cases were also affected by surface water. 
 
 With the exception of the months of very high water the proportion of nitro- 
 gen in the sludge did not vary far from 2.5%, but with an increased propor- 
 tion of inorganic matter during the spring months, there was a decrease in the 
 proportion of nitrogen. 
 
 The proportion of fats varied in a manner similar to that of organic mat- 
 ter and nitrogen. With the exception of the spring months the proportion of 
 fats amounted to from 0.40% to 0.52% and during the spring to about 0.60% 
 of the wet sludge. 
 
 Quantity and Character of Sludge Collected in the Several Compartments of 
 
 Septic Tank. 
 
 In order to determine the quantity of sludge which would be deposited In 
 different portions of the tank, sludge dams were constructed as already de- 
 scribed, dividing the tank transversely into four compartments of equal area. 
 In Table XLV are recorded the depth and cubic feet of sludge in each of the 
 several compartments upon the dates when measurements were made: 
 
 TABLE XLV. 
 Depth and Volume of Sludge Deposited In the Several Sections of Septic Tank. 
 
 Septic Tank A. 
 
 « S ■ 
 
 Section No. 1. 
 
 Section No. 2. 
 
 Section No. 3 
 
 Section No. 4. 
 
 
 *i 
 
 d £3 
 
 ■*J 
 
 d a 
 
 *i 
 
 d ri 
 
 +j 
 
 dd 
 
 P.fe 
 
 bic 
 
 et 1 
 ctio 
 
 si "> 
 at) 
 
 bic 
 et 1 
 ctio 
 
 fc ft 
 
 blc 
 et i 
 ctio 
 
 5 c» 
 
 bic 
 et 1 
 ctio 
 
 ass 
 
 <u _ 
 
 3 0) (D 
 
 <i> _. 
 
 3 <U (U 
 
 _ "> 
 
 3 0) <D 
 
 "» ^ 
 
 3 « 0) 
 
 Q-aa 
 
 oa 
 
 Obm 
 
 QB 
 
 OfoW 
 
 Ba 
 
 UfaW 
 
 qB 
 
 OfeM 
 
 1908. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 iAug. 26th 
 
 1.0 
 
 64 
 
 2.0 
 
 128 
 
 1.7 
 
 109 
 
 1.4 
 
 90 
 
 Sept 11th 
 
 1.25 
 
 80 
 
 1.9 
 
 124 
 
 2.1 
 
 133 
 
 2 
 
 128 
 
 Nov. 9th 
 
 2.6 
 
 106 
 
 2.8 
 
 179 
 
 2.7 
 
 173 
 
 2.7 
 
 173 
 
 Dec. 3rd* 
 
 3.1 
 
 198 
 
 3.6 
 
 230 
 
 3.2 
 
 205 
 
 3.0 
 
 192 
 
 1909. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Jan. 9th 
 
 1.8 
 
 113 
 
 1.5 
 
 93 
 
 0.53 
 
 33 
 
 0.0 
 
 
 Feb. 2nd 
 
 3.8 
 
 231 
 
 2.1 
 
 132 
 
 1.1 
 
 69 
 
 0.5 
 
 31 
 
 Mch. 2nd 
 
 5.1 
 
 320 
 
 2.4 
 
 148 
 
 1.6 
 
 99 
 
 0.7 
 
 44 
 
 Apr. 3rd 
 
 5.8. 
 
 303 
 
 3.2 
 
 199 
 
 1.9 
 
 117 
 
 0.8 
 
 49 
 
 May Bth 
 
 6.8 
 
 421 
 
 3.9 
 
 238 
 
 2.5 
 
 100 
 
 1.5 
 
 93 
 
 June 3rd 
 
 8.12 
 
 501 
 
 5.26 
 
 324 
 
 3.1 
 
 191 
 
 1.0 
 
 98 
 
 June 12th* 
 
 8.12 
 
 501 
 
 5.36 
 
 330 
 
 4.9 
 Less 
 
 302 
 
 1.0 
 Less 
 
 99 
 
 July 6th 
 
 2.2 
 
 137 
 
 0.46 
 
 28 
 
 than 0.3 
 
 ... 
 
 than 0.3 
 
 ... 
 
 * Tank cleaned. 
 
 From these measurements it appears that during the summer period, in- 
 cluding measurements made upon August 26, September 11, November 9, and 
 December 3, the active fermentation going on in the sludge causes it to be 
 spread at practically a uniform depth throughout the several compartments. 
 
 85 
 
Obviously the sludge which falls to the bottom of the tanlc in the first com- 
 partment and which Is carried up again into the water above the sludge is 
 swept further along the tanlc by the current and settles in the succeeding 
 compartments. Similar action in the second compartment will carry some of 
 the sludge into the third and fourth compartments. Such action was largely 
 responsible for the Increased amount of suspended matter which found its 
 way out of the tank with the effluent during periods of septic activity, as al- 
 ready described. 
 
 The marked difference in the proportion of sludge in the several compart- 
 ments collected during the colder weather when there is comparatively little 
 fermentation going on, is very striking; for example, it appears that upon 
 June 12, 1909, there was 8.12 feet in depth of sludge in the first compartment 
 and only 1.6 feet in the fourth compartment. 
 
 The sludge at this time in the first compartment was dense and coarse in 
 character, and remained at a height considerably exceeding that of the sludge 
 dam. This may have been caused in part by the scumboard, which extended 
 down about 2 Inches below the top of the dam and was several inches nearer 
 the inlet end of the tank. This condition is in marked contrast with that 
 found in any of the measurements taken during the period of fermentation, 
 leading to the conclusion that the sludge itself, without the assistance fur- 
 nished by fermentation and the physical results thereof, will not be distrib- 
 uted uniformly over the bottom of the tank. When fermentation is not actiye, 
 the depth of sludge in the respective compartments gradually decreases to- 
 ward the outlet end of the tank, the rate of reduction from section to section 
 being fairly uniform. 
 
 The comparative density of the sludge and its chemical composition from 
 compartment to compartment and from time to time are given in Appendix G. 
 
 From Table XLVI it appears, as would be expected from the foregoing 
 discussion, that the density of sludge in the first compartment is greater than 
 that in the other compartments. It is more uniform in the several compart- 
 ments, of course, during the period of active fermentation than during the 
 winter and spring, when there is such a large accumulation of heavy material 
 in the first compartment. 
 
 TABLE XLVI. 
 
 Density and Composition of Sludge in the Several Compartments of Tank. 
 
 Averages of Monthly Determinations. 
 Septic Tank. 
 
 nt. 
 
 
 
 
 tter 
 mp. 
 
 a 
 
 p, 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 S^ 
 
 (-1 
 
 P< 
 
 p,rt 
 
 
 ■*-> 
 a 
 
 01 o 
 
 
 SCQ CI 
 
 .S 0) 
 
 ■a o 
 
 i 
 
 +J o 
 
 
 ^Qfe 
 
 B.S£ 
 
 t;-c <" 
 
 o 
 
 ^3 
 
 
 ^3 
 
 ^a3 
 
 goS 
 
 fcps 
 
 1 
 
 1,794 
 
 LOG 
 
 87.4 
 
 53.1 
 
 2.23 
 
 4.71 
 
 2 
 
 1,779 
 
 1.05 
 
 89.5 
 
 53.8 
 
 2.43 
 
 5.15 
 
 3 
 
 1.7G0 
 
 1.04 
 
 91.5 
 
 51.8 
 
 2.5G 
 
 5.30 
 
 4 
 
 1,7G9 
 
 1.04 
 
 91.6 
 
 50.8 
 
 2.48 
 
 5.68 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Average 
 
 1,777 
 
 1.05 
 
 90.2 
 
 52.6 
 
 2.42 
 
 5.19 
 
 86 
 
In general it may be said also that the proportion of organic matter in 
 the first and second compartments is slightly greater than that in the other' 
 secUons. This obviously cannot be true at periods when large quantities of 
 street detritus find their way into the sewers, but it is found to hold through- 
 out the major portion of the year. 
 
 There is apparently no marked difference in the proportion of nitrogen- 
 ous substances found in the sludge in the several compartments, although on 
 the whole it may be stated that the nitrogen content is least iin the first sec- 
 tion. During some of the tests there was a marked increase in the second, 
 third and fourth compartments over that ini the first, while on the other hand, 
 -upon about an equal number of tests, the nitrogenous matters were found to 
 be in excess in the first compartment. 
 
 On the average, there is a gradual increase in the proportion of fats 
 found in the sludge of the several compartments ( indicating, as would be ex- 
 pected, that the fats are carried along with the sewage and are deposited in 
 the further sections of the tank. 
 
 EXPERIMENTS WITH SEDIMENTATION. 
 
 For the purpose of comparing the effect of simple sedimentation with 
 that of septic treatment, a tank constructed as already described, was oper- 
 ated as a sedimentation tank at the same rates of flow as the septic tank. 
 The sewage for the septic and settling tanks was measured from the grit 
 chamber by means of orifices and after passing the same the two portions 
 were kept entirely separate. 
 
 This test was begun upon July 20, 1908, and continued until July 6, 1909. 
 The operation of this tank differed from that of the septic tank only in respect 
 to the removal of the sludge, which was effected at intervals sufilciently fre- 
 quent to prevent active fermentation, as indicated by the production of gas. 
 The lengths of the several periods between cleanings are given in Table 
 XLIX. 
 
 The physical action of this tank, as also to some extent of the septic tank, 
 has doubtless been materially affected by the chemicals discharged into the 
 sewers, which are capable of acting as coagulants, thus producing a natural 
 chemical precipitation of the sewage. These chemicals are discharged at ir- 
 regular times and in variable amounts, so that it was not to be expected that 
 the natural precipitation process would be as efficient as if the chemicals were 
 added under conditions permitting of accurate control. 
 
 The color of the effluent differed only slightly from that of the sewage 
 entering the tank, the change being due either to the dilution of the highly 
 colored sewage with that having less color, which came immediately before 
 and after it, or to a precipitation of coloring matter with the suspended solids. 
 
 At no time was there any appreciable amount of scum, although there 
 was at times a slight film of grease, such as would be found upon the surface 
 of any sewage. 
 
 The length of periods of operation was determined by the quantity of gas 
 being evolved. When the tank was first filled, after cleaning, no gas whatever 
 was liberated and the tank was allowed to continue in use until gas was given 
 off in small quantities. When evolution of gas became noticeable, the tank 
 was in all cases cleaned. 
 
 The odor of the effluent was very similar to that of the crude sewage, and. 
 resembled that of the tannery wastes. 
 
 87 
 
Quality of Effluent. 
 
 The tables of dally analyses 'of Influent and effluent to this tank are com- 
 piled as Appendix H. The monthly averages of analyses of iinfluent and ef- 
 fluent are embodied in Tables XLVII and XLVIII. 
 
 The temperature of the sewage was reduced about one degree during its 
 passage through this tank, as shown by the following tabulation: 
 
 Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. 
 
 Temperature of Influent 52 
 
 Temperature of Effluent 51 
 
 I 49 
 
 I 48 
 
 47 
 46 
 
 46 
 46 
 
 45 
 44 
 
 The amount of suspended matter in the effluent remained, fairly constant 
 from August to February inclusive and it may be stated fairly that the tank 
 was capable on the average of reducing the amount of suspended matter to 
 75 parts per million. During the latter part of the winter and the spring, 
 there was a decided increase in the quantity of suspended matter In the efflu- 
 ent. This change was probably due to the large accumulation of sludge in the 
 tank, thus reducing its eflficiency. 
 
 Both Nitrites and Nitrates were present in practically all of the samples 
 analyzed. 
 
 Dissolved Oxygen was absent for a portion of the month of October, but 
 was present throughout the remainder of the period covered by the tests. 
 
 The changes effected by passing the sewage through this tank may be 
 seen from the following tabulation of the average of all the analyses: 
 
 
 
 Per cent 
 
 Influent. 
 
 Effluent. Removed 
 
 22.6 
 
 13.0 
 
 46.0 
 
 11.9 
 
 13. 
 
 —9.25 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.825 
 
 0.54 
 
 34;5 
 
 100.0 
 
 57. 
 
 43.00 
 
 145. 
 
 121. 
 
 36.5 
 
 388. 
 
 81. 
 
 79. 
 
 230. 
 
 61. 
 
 73.5 
 
 158. 
 
 20. 
 
 87. 
 
 224. 
 
 213. 
 
 4.9 
 
 1.73 
 
 2.6 ^ 
 
 —5.00 
 
 Total Organic Nitrogen . . . . 
 Nitrogen as Free Ammonia 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrites 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrates 
 
 Total Oxygen Consumed . . . 
 
 Chlorine 
 
 Total Suspended Matter. . . . 
 Volatile " " .... 
 
 Fixed " ' .... 
 
 Alkalinity 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved 
 
 The increase in Free Ammonia, although comparatively slight, indicates 
 that there was a small amount of septic action in the tank. This indication 
 is also borne out by the reduction in Nitrates, although the Dissolved Oxygen 
 showed a slight increase. 
 
 The proportion of nitrogenous and carbonaceous organic matter removed 
 from the sewage, as indicated by the Organic Nitrogen and Oxygen Con- 
 sumed, amounted to over 40%, while 79% of the Total Suspended Matter was 
 lemoved. The change in the amount of Alkalinity was comparatively insig- 
 nificant. 
 
 Sludge Retained by Settling Tank. 
 
 The sludge retained In the several compartments of the tank was of a 
 light gray color and not particularly offensive in odor. The odor, however, 
 was stronger, as would be expected, during the warmer weather. At all times 
 the odor of tannery wastes was present to a marked extent In the sludge 
 
Table XLIX shows the results of measurements and analyses of sludge col- 
 lected by tank at all times when It was cleaned and on a few occasions when 
 the sludge was not removed. . 
 
 These examinations show very clearly the effect of frequent cleaning 
 upon the density of the sludge. When it is necessary to remove the sludge 
 at frequent intervals, it can hardly be hoped to reduce it to a density of more 
 than 6 or 8% solids. On the other hand, if the sludge can be allowed to ac- 
 cumulate during the winter when there is little bacterial action, it may reach 
 a density of 12% or 13% solids. It naturally follows from these conditions 
 that the volume of sludge to be disposed of during the warmer portion of the 
 year is far in excess of that to be removed during the winter or spring. The 
 density of the sludge also depends upon the character of the suspended mat- 
 ters escaping from the mill tanks and will also undoubtedly vary from time 
 to time according to the condition of business. 
 
 To enable the work of the settling tank during the summer season to be 
 compared with that accomplished during the winter season, the results of 
 tests from July 20 to December 24, have been combined as have those from 
 December 24 to May 5. The results of these calculations appear in Table L. 
 
 Quantity of Dry Solids in Sludge. 
 
 The quantity of solid matter contained in the sludge when the tank was 
 cleaned and at other times when tests were made, is shown by Table XLIXa. 
 
 TABLE XLVII. 
 Monthly Averages of Chemical Analyses of Influent to Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1908-9 
 
 tiii 
 
 0) 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 
 H 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■o 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 at 
 ct 
 o 
 O 
 d 
 
 0) 
 
 l>> 
 
 o 
 
 .9 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 "3 a 
 
 13 
 0) 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 Date 
 
 1 
 O 
 
 '3 
 o 
 
 <D a 
 
 m 
 
 0) 
 
 is 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 S 
 
 .5 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 r3 
 
 .2 
 Q 
 
 S 
 O 
 
 August 
 
 September 
 
 October 
 
 OS 
 G2 
 57 
 52 
 49 
 47 
 4G 
 45 
 46 
 51 
 57 
 
 20 
 21 
 23 
 23 
 21 
 23 
 26 
 20 
 19 
 28 
 32 
 
 11.7 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 8.8 
 11.0 
 14.0 
 
 J. 23 
 0.22 
 0.2C 
 0.31 
 0.29 
 0.31 
 0.44 
 0.44 
 0.G8 
 0.57 
 0.45 
 
 J. 62 
 D.5C 
 0.60 
 0.62 
 0.93 
 1.11 
 1.20 
 1.40 
 1.80 
 1.40 
 0.62 
 
 i)0 
 
 108 
 
 110 
 
 101 
 
 87 
 
 96 
 
 115 
 
 82 
 
 84 
 
 96 
 
 105 
 
 112 
 134 
 128 
 141 
 165 
 104 
 190 
 125 
 104 
 170 
 200 
 
 kit 
 352 
 384 
 392 
 304 
 294 
 516 
 257 
 359 
 554 
 556 
 
 216 
 229 
 225 
 201 
 189 
 281 
 151 
 190 
 245 
 274 
 
 230 
 
 13C 
 155 
 107 
 103 
 105 
 235 
 106 
 169 
 309 
 282 
 
 158 
 
 196 
 217 
 215 
 290 
 208 
 215 
 221 
 210 
 191 
 212 
 237 
 
 224 
 
 2.15 
 
 November 
 
 1.42 
 
 December 
 
 1.40 
 
 January 
 
 2.70 
 
 February 
 
 2.50 
 
 March 
 
 3.00 
 
 April 
 
 3.00 
 
 May 
 
 2.60 
 
 June 
 
 i.lii 
 
 Weighted Average. . 
 
 54.5 
 
 22.6 
 
 11.9 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.825 
 
 100.0 
 
 145 
 
 388 
 
 1.73 
 
 89 
 
c 
 
 Ul 
 
 X 
 
 (0 
 
 UJ 
 
 re 
 
 1 
 
 c 
 
 m 
 
 < 
 
 < 
 
 _ 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 < 
 
 paAIOSSIQ 
 
 ; 00 BO JO snijax 
 
 S 
 
 pexT^a 
 
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 91 
 
TABLE XLIXa. 
 Quantity of Solids in Sludge of Settling Tank. 
 
 Weight of Dry Solids 
 Date. per. mil. gals, sewage. 
 
 Aug. 8 708 
 
 Sept. 3 1235 
 
 Oct. 8 1145 
 
 Nov. 21 939 
 
 Dec. 24 1075 
 
 Feb. 2 934 
 
 Moll. 2 1371 
 
 April 3 1605 
 
 May 5 1184 
 
 June 3 2088 
 
 July 6 2139 
 
 Average 1262 
 
 The weight of dry solids per million gallons which accumulated in this 
 tank during the several periods in the fall, was comparatively uniform. After 
 December 24, there was much variation in the results of the- tests, which 
 might have been due to the difficulties of sampling at times when the water 
 was not drawn down, which was the case upon all occasions except that of 
 May 5, when the tank was cleaned. 
 
 TABLE L. 
 Quantity of Sludge Removed from Settling Tank Reduced to Uniform Density. 
 
 
 
 
 Quantity 
 
 of Sludge. 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 SS "Mo- 
 
 
 
 Date. 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 °^ 
 
 moved fro 
 Cu. Yds. 
 il. Gals. 
 
 ated as 90 
 Sp. Gr. 1.0 
 is. per Mi 
 
 ^3 
 
 u 
 a 
 p, 
 
 I. 
 
 
 
 
 Icul 
 ter 
 . Y 
 
 Is. 
 
 5>. 
 
 mo 
 
 in .-4 
 
 
 S 0) 
 
 M cj a) 
 
 oj ra 3 TO 
 
 o r-i 
 
 .= 3 
 
 
 (3m 
 
 <!H o. 
 
 O &0!3 
 
 HQ 
 
 Jfe! 
 
 July 20-Deo. 24 
 
 . 5,370,000 
 
 7.50 
 
 7.53 
 
 5495 
 
 1023 
 
 Dec. 24-May 5 
 
 . 6,300,000 
 
 5.01 
 
 5.09 
 6.21 
 
 7461 
 
 1184 
 
 Weighted Average. 
 
 
 6 07 
 
 
 Prom these figures, assuming an average flow of sewage of 3,000,000 gal- 
 lons per day, 6,650 cubic yards of sludge would be produced annually by sedi- 
 mentation, if the whole of the sewage of the city were treated in tanks oper- 
 ated in the same manner as the experimental tank. Reducing the sludge to 
 a uniform basis of 90% water, this quantity would be Increased to_ 6,800 cu. 
 yds. per year. 
 
 Quantity of Sludge Produced at Gloversville, Compared with that Produced 
 
 at Other Places. 
 
 Table LI has been compiled to show the quantity of sludge produced at 
 Gloversville during the winter and summer periods and at Worcester and 
 Andover, Mass., and Columbus, Ohio. A comparison of the quantities of 
 sludge produced at these various plants reduced to a uniform basis of 90% 
 
 92 
 
water shows that the amount of sludge produced by the sedimentation pro- 
 cess at Gloversville is less than that produced at Andover, and less than that 
 produced during several periods of the experiments at Worcester. On the 
 other hand, the quantity of sludge produced at Columbus was somewhat 
 smaller than that at Gloversville. On the whole, it may be stated fairly that 
 the quantity of sludge produced at Gloversville was equivalent to the aver- 
 agff amount produced in the other cities. 
 
 TABLE LI. 
 Quantity of Sludge Produced by Sedimentation Tanks in Various Places, 
 
 
 Time Required to 
 fill tank at rate of 
 sewage flow. Hrs. 
 
 Dry Solids 
 lbs. per mil. 
 gals, sewage. 
 
 Actual Sludge 
 cu. yds. per mil. 
 gals, sewage. 
 
 Sludge calc. to 
 90% water cu. 
 yds. per mil. gals. 
 
 Gloversville, 
 
 Summer Period 
 
 Winter " 
 
 Worcester, 
 
 2 and 3 periods 
 
 16 
 S 
 
 28 
 
 16.8 
 
 11.2 
 
 8.4 
 
 1.9 
 1.85 
 
 8 
 8 
 6 
 
 1023 
 1184 
 
 1900 
 
 1480 
 
 780 
 
 480 
 
 2500 
 1800 
 
 720 
 760 
 G60 
 
 7.50 
 5.01 
 
 17.9 
 
 16. 3 
 
 8.3 
 
 8.0 
 
 3.3 
 3.7 
 3.7 
 
 7.53 
 5.09 
 
 10.60 
 8.27 
 4.36 
 2.68 
 
 13.96 
 10.01 
 
 4 03 
 
 4, 5 and 6 " 
 
 7, 8, 10, 11 " 
 
 12 and 13 " 
 
 Andover, Mass. 
 
 1905 
 
 1906 
 
 Columbus, Ohio. 
 Aug.Jun. Plain Settling. 
 ■* Tank A 
 
 Nov.-Apr. " B 
 
 Nov.-Apr. " B 
 
 4.25 
 3.69 
 
 Suspended Solids in Sedimentation Tank Effluents, in Various Cities. 
 
 The quantity of suspended matter in the effluent from settling tanks at 
 Gloversville, N. Y., Worcester Mass., and Columbus, Ohio, has been found to 
 be as follows: 
 
 Pounds Suspended 
 Matter per Mil. Parts per 
 Gallons. Million. 
 
 Gloversville, N. Y 676 81 
 
 Columbus, Ohio. Tank A 652 78 
 
 " B 611 73 
 
 Worcester, Mass. Avg. of large scale experiments . . 1200 144 
 
 From these figures, it appears that the effluents from Gloversville have 
 compared fairly well with those obtained at Columbus, although averaging 
 slightly higher. They have averaged much lower than the effluent produced 
 from the large scale experiments at Worcester. 
 
 93 
 
TABLE Lll. 
 
 Depth and Volume of Sludge Deposited In the Several Sections 
 
 of Settling Tank B. 
 
 rt s . 
 
 Section No 1. 
 
 Section No. 2 
 
 Section No. 3 
 
 Section No. 4 
 
 Date whe 
 Sludge w 
 measured 
 
 ***** 
 
 ^ CD 
 ■*-' <D 
 
 3b 
 
 ^ 0) 
 
 5.2 
 
 0.S 
 
 6.2 
 
 _ -*-» 
 p.£! 
 
 qB 
 
 fa 
 
 1908 
 
 August 8* 
 
 Sept. 3* 
 
 Oct. 8* 
 
 Nov. 21* 
 
 Dec. 24* 
 
 1909 
 
 Feb'y 2 
 
 March 2 ■ 
 
 April 3 
 
 May 5* 
 
 June 3 
 
 June IG 
 
 July G 
 
 1.4 
 1.7 
 1.2 
 
 1.8 
 
 3.1 
 
 4.2 
 
 5.3 
 
 1.45 
 
 2.45 
 
 3.G5 
 
 'io 
 
 87 
 
 109 
 
 79 
 
 113 
 
 198 
 2G8 
 33G 
 93 
 157 
 234 
 
 '!44 
 0.98 
 l.G 
 1.0 
 
 ' 1.3 
 2.0 
 2.5 
 2.7 
 0.94 
 1.34 
 2.04 
 
 '27" 
 
 G3 
 
 102 
 
 04 
 
 84 
 
 128 
 
 1G3 
 
 182 
 GO. 2 
 85.8 
 
 130. G 
 
 h'.'ii) 
 
 0.87 
 
 1.2 
 
 0.75" 
 
 0.98 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.52 
 
 0.G2 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.G2 
 
 '24" 
 
 56 
 
 77 
 48 
 
 G3 
 
 115 
 
 139 
 
 174 
 39.7 
 05. 3 
 
 103.7 
 
 0.5G 
 
 1.1 
 
 0.83 
 
 1.5 
 
 1.7 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.49 
 
 0.59 
 
 0.89 
 
 1.34 
 
 '24"" 
 
 3G 
 70 
 53 
 
 95 
 96 
 
 140 
 
 IGO 
 37.8 
 57.0 
 85.8 
 
 ♦Tank cleaned. 
 
 From Table XLIX it will be seen that the density of the sludge varied 
 from a specific gravity of 1.02 to 1.08, and from 86% to 96% water. 
 
 Measurements and Analyses of Sludge in the Several Sections of Tank. 
 
 The sludge was removed from the tank at frequent intervals during the 
 warmer weather. After December 24, however, it was allowed to accumu- 
 late until May 5, when the tank was cleaned. After this date the sludge was 
 allowed to remain in the tank, although it was measured at frequent inter- 
 vals. The results of the measurements of the depth of sludge and the cubic 
 feet of sludge retained in the several sections of the tank, as calculated from 
 the depths, are given in Table LIT. 
 
 The sludge in the several compartments of the tank was analyzed and 
 tested at the various times when it was measured. The results of these ex- 
 aminations appear in detail in Appendix G. A summary of these results, 
 however, is given in Table LIII: 
 
 TABLE LIII. 
 Density and Composition of Sludge in the Several Compartments of Tanks. 
 
 Averages of Monthly Determinations. 
 
 Settling Tank B. 
 
 
 Wt. of Wet 
 Sludge per 
 Cd. Yd. (lbs.) 
 
 p, 
 
 
 "1 
 
 
 D3 
 
 Sec. 2 
 
 Sec. 3 
 
 Sec. 4 
 
 1768 
 1767 
 1763 
 
 1776 
 
 l.UU 
 1.05 
 1.05 
 1.05 
 
 1.05 • 
 
 sa 
 91 
 92 
 92 
 
 91 
 
 t)U.7 
 52. G 
 52.1 
 53. G 
 
 53.8 
 
 Z.42 
 2.52 
 2.70 
 2.57 
 
 2. 56 
 
 5.19 
 5.12 
 5.02 
 4.25 
 
 Average 
 
 4.91 
 
 94 
 
From the examinations made, it appears that there was a gradual de- 
 crease in the weight and specific gravity of the sludge toward the outlet end 
 of the tank. Following this change in weight, the per cent, of water is found 
 to be less in the first and second, than in the third and fourth compartments. 
 The proportion of volatile or organic matter was materially greater in the 
 first compartment than in any of the others and was comparatively uniform 
 in the second, third and fourth sections. The proportion of nitrogen was 
 highest in the third compartment and lowest in the first, indicating that there 
 was a tendency to carry the nitrogenous substances away from the inlet end of 
 the tank. The fats, however, were found in greatest amount in the first sec- 
 tion and showed a gradual reduction through the second and third sections, 
 with a marked increase in the fourth compartment. 
 
 Solids in Effluent, Influent and Sludge. 
 
 The results of computations to show the proportion of the solids removed 
 from the sewage which is unaccounted for by the solid matter found in the 
 sludge, are given in Table LIV. 
 
 TABLE LIV. 
 Suspended Solids Removed from Sewage Compared with Solids Found 
 
 in Sludge. 
 
 Pounds per Million Gallons Dry Solids. 
 
 B 
 
 (4 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 a> 
 
 0) 
 
 
 
 
 02 >. 
 
 P 
 
 3 
 
 
 m 
 
 t— j 
 
 ■M cd 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 % lost 
 
 
 Aug., 1908.. 
 
 3740 
 
 G19 
 
 3121 
 
 708 
 
 77.3 
 
 Aug. 8 
 
 Sept. 
 
 2945 
 
 GGl 
 
 2284 
 
 1235 
 
 45.8 
 
 Sept. 3 
 
 Oct. 
 
 3212 
 
 594 
 
 2G18 
 
 1145 
 
 5G.4 
 
 Oct. 8 
 
 Nov. 
 
 3?80 
 
 G28 
 
 2G52 
 
 939 
 
 G4.G 
 
 Nov. 21 
 
 Dec. 
 
 2542 
 
 728 
 
 1814 
 
 1075 
 
 40.7 
 
 Dec. 24 
 
 Jan., 1909.. 
 
 24G0 
 
 GGl 
 
 1799 
 
 934 
 
 48.1 
 
 Feb. 2 
 
 Feb. 
 
 4315 
 
 G70 
 
 3G45 
 
 1371 
 
 G2.4 
 
 Mar. 2 
 
 Mar. 
 
 2150 
 
 753 
 
 1397 
 
 10C5 
 
 24. G 
 
 Apr. 3 
 
 Apr. 
 
 3003 
 
 G70 
 
 2333 
 
 1184 
 
 49.2 
 
 May 5 
 
 May 
 
 4G3G 
 
 870 
 
 37G6 
 
 2088 
 
 44.5 
 
 June 3 
 
 June 
 
 4650 
 3240 
 
 904 
 G77 
 
 374G 
 25G3 
 
 2139 
 12C2 
 
 42.8 
 50.7 
 
 July 6 
 
 Average 
 
 
 The quantity of dry solid matter in the influent and effluent is calculated 
 from the averages of monthly analyses and the amount retained in the tank 
 is the difference between these two calculations. The sludge was measured 
 and analyzed about once in four weeks, thus giving an approximate idea of 
 the amount of solid matter which accumulated between the measurements. 
 In preparing Table LIV, it has been assumed that these measurements and 
 the corresponding analyses corresponded in a general way with the figures 
 prepared from the averages of monthly analyses of sewage and effluent. 
 These figures are, of course, not strictly comparable and too much weight 
 should not be attached to them. It is interesting to note, however, that from 
 the analyses of influent and effluent, an average of 2563 pounds of dry solid 
 
 95 
 
matter disappeared ard should have been retained in the tank or converted 
 into soluble or gaseous matter. Compared -^'ith this only 1262 pounds of solid 
 matter were found in the tank at the various times upon which msasure- 
 ments were taken. It would appear from these figures, that approximately 
 51% of the solid matters disappearing from the sewage during its passage 
 through the tank, were also unaccounted for in the sludge found in the tank. 
 
 COMPARISON OF SLUDGE PRODUCED BY SEPTIC 
 AND SEDIMENTATION PROCESSES. 
 
 It is interesting to compare the quantity of sludge removed from the sep- 
 tic and settling tanks. The following figures show the number of pounds per 
 million gallons of solid matter found in the sludge of the two tanks, during 
 the summer and winter periods, respectively: 
 
 
 Septic Tank. 
 
 Lbs. per Mil. 
 
 Gallons. 
 
 Settling Tank. 
 
 Lbs. per Mil. 
 
 Gallons 
 
 Summer Period 
 
 569 
 
 1023 
 
 Winter " 
 
 1656 
 
 1184 
 
 
 
 
 It thus appears that the settling basin produced about 1.8 times as much 
 sludge figured as dry solid matter during the summer period, as did the sep- 
 tic tank. On the other hand, the septic tank produced about 40% more sludge 
 upon the same basis during the winter period. 
 
 For the sake of comparison, these quantities have been calculated into 
 cubic yards of sludge of an assumed specific gravity of 1.06 and 90% water. 
 tJpon this basis the calculated amount of sludge would be as follows: 
 
 Septic Tank. 
 
 Cu. Yds. per 
 
 Mil. Gals. 
 
 Summer Period 3.18 
 
 Winter " 9.23 
 
 Weighted Averages 6.35 
 
 Settling Tank- 
 
 Cu. Yds. per 
 
 Mil.Gals. 
 
 7.53 
 5.09 
 
 6.21 
 
 From this comparison it appears that during the entire time covered by 
 both seasons, the amount of sludge produced by the septic tank was a little 
 greater than that produced by the settling tank. The septic tank, however, 
 had the advantage due to a longer period of storage during the warmer sea- 
 son of the year, which resulted in producing a denser sludge than could be 
 produced by the settling tank, when operated with a view to avoiding exces- 
 sive fermentation. The quantities of sludge actually produced during the 
 periods covered by the foregoing discussion, were as follows: 
 
 Septic Tank. 
 
 Cu. Yds. per 
 
 Mil. Gals. 
 
 *Summer Period 4.1 
 
 Winter " 4.9 
 
 Weighted Averages 4.5 
 
 Settling Tank. 
 
 Cu. Yds. per 
 
 Mil. Gals. 
 
 7.50 
 5.01 
 
 6.07 
 
 96 
 
On this basis and assuming that the periods covered by these experiments 
 each represent fairly one-half of the year, it appears that the quantity of 
 sludge produced by the two processes was^o and 6.07 cubic yards per million 
 gallons, respectively. In other words, the septic process reduced the amount 
 of sludge which would have been obtained by sedimentation by 26.0%. The 
 reduction during the summer period was 45.4%, while during the winter 
 period the reduction was 2.0%. 
 Note: 
 
 Avej-age measurements of whole flow of sewage, 7 
 
 summer months 2,034,000 g.p.d. 
 
 Average measurements of whole flow of sewage, 10 
 
 winter months 2,952,000 g.p.d. 
 
 RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS WITH SPRINKLING FILTERS. 
 
 The sprinkling filters were brought into use during August and Septem- 
 ber, 1908, as follows: 
 
 Number 1. August 24 
 
 " 2. September 2 
 
 3. August 29 
 
 4. August 28 
 
 Prom the date of starting until October 23, the net rate of flow per acre 
 per day was as follows : 
 
 Number 1. 600,000 gallons 
 
 2. 695,000 
 
 3. 600,000 
 
 4. 636,000 
 
 Upon October 23 the quantity of sewage applied to the filters was in- 
 creased to: 
 
 Number 1. 1,000,000 gallons per acre per day 
 
 2. " " " " " '■ 
 
 3. " ' " " 
 
 4. " " " " " " 
 
 Upon December 1st the quantity of sewage applied to the filters was 
 again increased so as to make the average net rate of filteration per acre per 
 day as follows: 
 
 Number 1. 1.18 
 
 million gallons. 
 
 2. 
 
 1.06 
 
 3. 
 
 1.00 
 
 4. 
 
 1.20 
 
 The filters were provided with the standard Columbus nozzles from each 
 of which one of the arms was removed. The openings of these nozzles were 
 reduced to the proper size to furnish the quantity of water required under 
 a constant head of five feet. The sewage was applied in this manner contin- 
 uously throughout periods of seven days, at the end of which the filters were 
 allowed to rest twenty-four hours. 
 
 The distribution obtained was not all that could be desired. If the dis- 
 tribution provided for the completed plant is materially better than that of 
 the experimental filters, it will be reasonable to expect somewhat better re- 
 sults. By conducting the experiments with the Columbus nozzles, however, 
 results were obtained which were undoubtedly on the safe side and it is prob- 
 able that some improvement may be realized in the completed plant. 
 
 Comparatively little trouble was experienced with the clogging of the 
 nozzles, although occasionally the openings were reduced in size by an ac- 
 
 97 
 
cumulation due either to grease or to an organic growtli. This accumula- 
 tion was of such a nature and in such a position that it could not .be readily 
 removed from the inside of the nozzle by applying a stick or wire from ithe 
 outside. The freedom from Internal parts was an important feature in avoid- 
 ing serious trouble from this cause. 
 
 There was at no time any difficulty due to clogging of the filtering mate- 
 rial and no tendency was observed toward cooling of the water applied to the 
 filter. 
 
 More or less odor was always given off from the influents as they were 
 sprayed onto the filters. This odor was similar to that arising from septic 
 and settling tanks, although much more pronounced, due to the mechanical ■ 
 breaking up of the water into fine drops, furnishing a better opportunity for 
 the evolution of gas. While these odors were pronounced and would doubt- 
 less be noticeable for some distance from a large area of filter, they were not 
 very offensive, or of a pronounced putrefactive nature, and were readily rec- 
 ognized as similar to those of tannery wastes. 
 
 The cold weather caused no difficulty in the distribution of sewage upon 
 the filters which were housed, for the reason that the temperature within the 
 building did not drop to 32° Fahrenheit, except on two occasions, and only on 
 one occasion below 32°. 
 
 Filter No. 4 was maintained in operation without any serious difficulty, — 
 the ice accumulated on the surface of the filter to a large extent, but there 
 was always an opening about half-way from the nozzle to the outside of the 
 filter, where the water fell in greatest quantity, which was ample for the ad- 
 mission of the influent. No effort was made to remove any ice from the sur- 
 face of the filter, and this ice reached a thickness of 18 inches around the 
 outer edge. The zone of ice around the outer edge of the filter was approxi- 
 mately 2.5 feet wide, inside of which was an open zone about 2 feet wide, 
 Tvithin which was a second zone of ice about 2 feet wide or 4 feet in diameter. 
 Thus out of 130.68 square feet of total area 37.7 square feet or 28.9 per cent, 
 of the whole area remained open for the reception of the sewage. The ice 
 extended across th-e open zone at a point opposite the arm of the nozzle where 
 comparatively little water fell, thus still further decreasing the effective 
 areas. The effect of the covering of so large a proportion of the surface of 
 the filter with ice was not as important as would appear from a mere con- 
 sideration of this particular condition, for the reason that under all condi- 
 tions a very large proportion, as high doubtless as 50 to 60% of the influent, 
 was applied to this particular zone of the filter. Had the distribution been 
 uniform over the entire area during the warmer season of the year, the cov- 
 ering of nearly 70% of the area with ice would doubtless have proven a seri- 
 ous obstacle in the way of the efficient action of the filter during the winter 
 season. ' 
 
 The surfaces of the stone of the filter were covered with slime, but at no 
 time was there a noticeable organic growth over the surface of the filter as 
 a whole. At times it appeared that there was a slight tendency toward .such 
 a growth on the filters within the building and no corresponding tendency on 
 the exposed filter. The extent of growth was, however, so small that no im- 
 portance has been attached to it 
 
 There was at no time any evidence of an incrustation of lime salts upon 
 the stones or of a clogging due to the presence of chemicals as distinguished 
 from the ordinary suspended matter of sewage. 
 
 98 
 
The proportion of the filter beds made up of voids was determined when 
 they were put Into operation and again after a period of operation varying 
 from 36 to 51 days. The results of these determinations were as follows; 
 
 TABLE LV. 
 
 Voids in Sprinkling Filters. 
 
 
 MS 
 "r1 
 
 tween 
 d meas- 
 of Voids 
 
 t end of 
 3f Opera- 
 ) 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 ^ S 
 
 j2 i2 
 
 > 
 
 
 ca^l. 
 
 ■^ a 
 
 "^«^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 3 Md 
 O 13 01 
 
 
 oids 
 erio 
 on 1 
 
 
 
 >"i:i a 
 
 P4 rH S ^ 
 
 F>(iia 
 
 J- 
 
 Filter No. 1 
 
 47.24 
 47.12 
 47.73 
 
 51 
 36 
 38 
 
 46.33 
 45.99 
 35.23 
 
 .91 
 
 No. 2 
 
 1.13 
 
 " No. 3 
 
 12.50 
 
 No. 4 
 
 48.97 
 
 40 
 
 47.41 
 
 1.56 
 
 
 
 No reason can be offered for the great reduction in the proportion of 
 voids in filter No. 3 during the first thirty-eight days of its operation. A 
 large quantity of suspended matter previously retained in this filter was dis- 
 charged with the water used for measuring the voids. A second measure- 
 ment Indicated that the filter had been cleaned and the proportion of voids 
 returned to 47.66% of the total space occupied by the filtering material, thus 
 showing a loss similar to that of the other filters and amounting to 1.6%. 
 The filtering material has been examined to a depth of about 18 inches from 
 the surface and it is found that there is a much larger accumulation of sus- 
 pended matter as sludge in the zone receiving the largest proportion of the 
 influent, than in other portions of the filter. The accumulation was nowhere 
 so large as to cause clogging, or even to indicate that a period of clogging 
 was at hand. 
 
 During the month of April, myriads of light colored minute flies were 
 hatched upon the under side of the stones, on the surface of the fllters. 
 When the flies developed they appeared to find their natural home on or near 
 the surface of the stones and did not tend to leave the filter. They were 
 present in vast numbers, but while they might make working about the filters 
 uncomfortable, they invariably showed no tendency to leave them. 
 
 SPRINKLING FILTER NO. 1. 
 
 This filter, which was 10 feet in depth, has received the effluent from the 
 septic tank since August 24, 1908. The net. rate of 600,000 gallons per acre 
 per day was increased- on October 23 to one million gallons. A still further 
 slight increase in the actual quantity of sewage matter applied was made 
 upon December 1st, when the rate of pumping was changed so as to regulate 
 the flow of sewage through the septic and settling tanks in general accord- 
 ance with the rate of flow in the trunk sewer. This change in the operation 
 of the tanks resulted in forcing the strong sewage of the day time through 
 them and therefore onto the filters earlier in the day, and in retaining the 
 strong sewage in the tanks slightly longer at night, consequently applying it 
 to the filters a somewhat longer time than was the case before the change 
 in the rate of pumping was made. 
 
 99 
 
The averages of the monthly analyses of the influent and effluent appear 
 in Tables LVI and LVII. The results of daily analyses upon which these aver- 
 ages are based appear as Appendix I. 
 
 The net results of the work of this filter are clearly shown by the follow- 
 ing tabulation of averages of all analyses of influent and effluent together 
 with the percentage of the various constituents removed by the process of 
 filtration. 
 
 (Parts per Million) 
 Influent. Effluent. % Removed. 
 
 Organic Nitrogen 14 3.5 75 
 
 Free Ammonia 14 8.0 43 
 
 Oxygen Consumed 61 22.0 64 
 
 Total Suspended Solids 107 29.0 73 
 
 Volatile " " 76 22.0 68 
 
 Fixed " " 31 7.0 78 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrites 0.35 1.48 323 increase 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrates 62 4.78 671 
 
 Dissolved Oxygen 2.25 6^0 184 
 
 From the determinations of organic nitrogen, oxygen consumed and total 
 suspended matter, it appears that about 70% of the impurities contained in 
 the influent, which was the effluent from the septic tank, were removed by 
 the process of filtration. The nitrites, nitrates and dissolved oxygen, were 
 all materially increased during the passage of the water through the filter. 
 
 The quantity of suspended matter applied to the filter was much more 
 during the first four months of its operation than during the winter and 
 spring, due to the fermentation going on in the septic tank, which has been 
 described under that caption. 
 
 The quality of the effluent has been quite uniform throughout the period 
 covered by the experiments, although the analyses appear to indicate that 
 the increase in the work put upon the filter after October 23, when the rate 
 was increased to 1,000,000 gallons per acre per day, was reflected in an in- 
 creased amount of nitrogenous matters in the effluent. There was also a 
 slight reduction in the amount of nitrites and nitrates following the increase 
 in rate. This apparent deterioration of the effluent was, however, overcome 
 
 100 
 
TABLE LVI, 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent to Filter No. 1. 
 Source of Influent, Septic Tank. 
 
 INFLUENT 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per IV 
 
 [imoB 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1908-1909 
 
 Temper- 
 ature 
 Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 03 
 
 3 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 
 ta 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 Date 
 
 4-> 
 
 rt 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 m 
 
 CQ 
 0) 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 £a 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 
 CIS 
 
 o 
 
 •3 
 0) 
 
 1 
 
 
 (3 
 
 o 
 
 
 hH 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 fa<! 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 fe 
 
 z 
 
 2 
 
 a 
 
 August 
 
 
 
 la.o 
 
 16.0 
 
 5(1 
 
 122 
 
 82 
 
 4u 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.09 
 
 
 September 
 
 
 
 11.0 
 
 IG.O 
 
 03 
 
 105 
 
 74 
 
 31 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.09 
 
 
 October 
 
 50 
 
 64 
 
 12.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 07 
 
 125 
 
 84 
 
 41 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.17 
 
 
 November 
 
 51 
 
 49 
 
 14.0 
 
 IG.O 
 
 05 
 
 125 
 
 88 
 
 37 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.42 
 
 0.71 
 
 December 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 14.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 55 
 
 83 
 
 01 
 
 22 
 
 0.38 
 
 0.87 
 
 3.4 
 
 January 
 
 4G 
 
 45 
 
 17.0 
 
 .12.0 
 
 07 
 
 90 
 
 07 
 
 23 
 
 0.42 
 
 1.00 
 
 2.8 
 
 February 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 IG.O 
 
 10.0 
 
 02 
 
 8G 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 0.40 
 
 1.50 
 
 8.8 
 
 March 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 15.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 55 
 
 89 
 
 70 
 
 19 
 
 0.50 
 
 1.70 
 
 4.1 
 
 April 
 
 45 
 
 4b 
 
 13.4 
 
 9.8 
 
 51 
 
 83 
 
 59 
 
 24 
 
 0.85 
 
 1.70 
 
 4.6 
 
 May 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 55 
 
 114 
 
 70 
 
 38 
 
 0.74 
 
 1.10 
 
 2.6 
 
 June 
 
 58 
 
 00 
 
 17.0 
 
 IG.O 
 
 55 
 
 95 
 
 70 
 
 25 
 
 0.33 
 
 0.49 
 
 0.6 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 14.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 61 
 
 107 
 
 70 
 
 31 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.G2 
 
 2.25 
 
 TABLE LVII. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of Sprinkling 
 
 Filter No. 1. 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 03 
 
 3 
 o 
 O 
 
 3 
 Q> 
 
 >, 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 •3 
 0) 
 
 1908 
 
 a 
 O 
 
 g 
 
 <D a 
 ga 
 
 01 
 
 2 
 
 O 
 
 _C3 
 O 
 > 
 
 
 o 
 
 09 
 
 03 
 
 i3 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 August 25-30 
 
 5.3 
 1.6 
 2.1 
 3.4 
 3.8 
 4.2 
 3.9 
 4.0 
 3.8 
 6.6 
 6.2 
 
 3.5 
 
 11. 
 8.0 
 6.3 
 8.0 
 8.0 
 
 10.8 
 9.8 
 9.3 
 6.9 
 6.4 
 6.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 1.7 
 1.4 
 1.7 
 1.1 
 1.3 
 1.7 
 1.7 
 1.8 
 1.7 
 2.0 
 1.9 
 
 1.5 
 
 1.2 
 5.4 
 7.3 
 5.7 
 4.5 
 2.1 
 2.7 
 3.0 
 3.6 
 3.8 
 5.0 
 
 4.8 
 
 23 
 20 
 20 
 21 
 22 
 27 
 25 
 25 
 22 
 20 
 28 
 
 22 
 
 21 
 13 
 21 
 22 
 30 
 33 
 27 
 30 
 45 
 70 
 74 
 
 29 
 
 19 
 11 
 14 
 16 
 26 
 28 
 25 
 23 
 33 
 51 
 51 
 
 22 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 12 
 
 19 
 
 23 
 
 7 
 
 5.6 
 
 September 
 
 October 
 
 5.1 
 7.6 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 January 
 
 5.8 
 6.8 
 6.8 
 
 February 
 
 6 8 
 
 March ' 
 
 6.7 
 
 April 
 
 6.7 
 
 May 
 
 6.2 
 
 June 
 
 6.3 
 
 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 6.4 
 
 101 
 
later in the winter and spring when the chemical composition of the effluent 
 showed some improvement. During the early months o£ operation the 
 amount of suspended matter escaping with the effluent was considerably less 
 than during the winter and spring. With the advent of warm weather in 
 April, May and June, there was a decided increase in the quantity of sus- 
 pended matter discharged from the filter. During no month, however, was 
 the amount of suspended matter in the effluent equal to that in the influent, 
 as shown by the chemical analyses. 
 
 The putrescibility tests showed that the effluent was of good quality from 
 the beginning of the experiments until the end of December. During Janu- 
 ary and February about one-fifth of the samples were putrefactive. There 
 was however, a marked improvement during the spring so that it seems to be 
 safe to assume that the effluent from a 10-foot filter, receiving an influent ot 
 the character applied to this experimental filter, will not be putrescible over 
 one-fifth of the time even though the suspended matter is not removed from 
 it. 
 
 Filter No. 2. 
 
 This filter was 7 feet deep and received effluent from the septic tank at 
 the net rate of 695,000 gallons per acre per day until October 23, after which 
 time the rate was increased to 1,000,000 gallons per acre per day and further 
 increased to 1,060,000 gallons on December 1st. The monthly averages of 
 analyses of influents and effluents appear in Tables LVIII and LIX. The daily 
 analyses from which these averages are calculated are tabulated in Appen- 
 
 TABLE LVIII. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent. 
 Source of Influent, Sprinkling Filter No. 2. 
 
 INFLUENT 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temper- 
 ature 
 Deg.F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 T3 
 
 a; 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 Date 
 1908-1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 •a 
 
 
 
 
 ni 
 
 O 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 3 
 
 d 
 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 Ml 
 
 "3 
 
 1 
 
 0) 
 
 CQ 
 
 2 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 01 
 
 
 tC 
 
 m 
 
 t" 
 
 r.Q 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 fr,<j 
 
 O 
 CO 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 Ix, 
 
 ■z 
 
 2 
 
 U 
 
 September 
 
 
 
 11.5 
 
 10.0 
 
 li3 
 
 80 
 
 33 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.10 
 
 
 October 
 
 50 
 
 53 
 
 13.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 71 
 
 142 
 
 93 
 
 49 
 
 0.21 
 
 0.30 
 
 u.ou 
 
 November 
 
 51 
 
 49 
 
 13.9 
 
 15.5 
 
 65 
 
 124 
 
 89 
 
 35 
 
 0.3180.42 
 
 0.71 
 
 December 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 14.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 55 
 
 83 
 
 61 
 
 22 
 
 0.38 
 
 0.88 
 
 3.40 
 
 January 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 17.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 67 
 
 90 
 
 67 
 
 23 
 
 0.42 
 
 1.10 
 
 2. SO 
 
 February 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 10.0 
 
 10.3 
 
 62 
 
 86 
 
 66 
 
 20 
 
 0.46 
 
 1.50 
 
 3.80 
 
 March 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 15.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 55 
 
 89 
 
 70 
 
 19 
 
 0.50 
 
 1.70 
 
 4.10 
 
 April 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 13.0 
 
 9.8 
 
 50 
 
 81 
 
 57 
 
 24 
 
 0.91 
 
 1.70 
 
 4.80 
 
 May 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 55 
 
 114 
 
 7C 
 
 38 
 
 0.74 
 
 1.10 
 
 2.60 
 
 June 
 
 58 
 51 
 
 00 
 50 
 
 17.0 
 15.3 
 
 10.0 
 15.2 
 
 55 
 08 
 
 95 
 120 
 
 70 
 85 
 
 25 
 
 0.33 
 
 0.46 
 0.71 
 
 o.«« 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 35 
 
 0.38 
 
 1.9 
 
 102 
 
M«nthly< Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 2. 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 1908-1909 
 Date 
 
 September 
 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 January 
 
 February 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 IS 
 
 2.U 
 2.0 
 4.4 
 7.5 
 6.G 
 7.1 
 6.1 
 4.8 
 14.0 
 7.3 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 o a 
 
 7.3 
 
 G.l 
 
 9.5 
 
 9.7 
 
 11.5 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.5 
 
 7.8 
 
 8.6 
 
 7.9 
 
 5.0 8.G 1.3 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.6 
 
 0.90 
 
 0.87 
 
 1.50 
 
 0.83 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.20 
 
 l.CO 
 
 1.90 
 
 5.0 
 
 5.3 
 
 3.3 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.1 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 2.10 
 
 3. CO 
 
 3.G 27 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 o 
 
 14 
 15 
 35 
 57 
 47 
 4G 
 44 
 46 
 202 
 86 
 
 44 
 
 12 
 10 
 25 
 46 
 37 
 38 
 37 
 36 
 122 
 59 
 
 32 
 
 •a 
 cu 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 80 
 
 27 
 
 
 5.9 
 5.0 
 6.5 
 5.S 
 5.3 
 5.7 
 G.5 
 4.8 
 4.7 
 
 12 5.6 
 
 dlx J. The work of the filter during the entire period may be studied fit)itt 
 the following tabulation of averages of all analyses of influent and effluent : 
 
 (Parts per Million) 
 Influent. Effluent. % Removed. 
 
 Organic Nitrogen 15.3 
 
 Nitrogen as Free Ammonia 15.2 
 
 Oxygen Consumed ' 68 
 
 Total Suspended Matter 120 
 
 Volatile " " 85 
 
 Fixed " " 35 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrates 0.38 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrates 0.71 
 
 Dissolved' Oxygen 1.9 
 
 5.0 
 
 67.3 
 
 8.6 
 
 43.4 
 
 27 
 
 60.3 
 
 44 
 
 63.3 
 
 32 
 
 62.4 
 
 12 
 
 65.8 
 
 1.3 
 
 242.0 increase 
 
 3.6 
 
 407.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 195.0 
 
 The analyses indicate that about 60% of the Impurities of the influent 
 were removed during its passage through the filter. The nitrites, nitrates 
 and dissolved oxygen in the effluent were all much greater than in the influ- 
 ent. 
 
 The effluent from this filter showed a marked increase in organic nitro- 
 gen after October when the rate of filtration was increased and no recovery 
 was apparent up to the end of June. The nitrites and nitrates were less dur- 
 ing the winter weather than during the fall or spring. The dissolved oxygen,, 
 however, did not show a reduction corresponding to the reduction in nitrites 
 
 103 
 
and nitrates, the amount present in tlie effluent being fairly uniform through- 
 out the experiment. It was always present in fairly large quantities, the 
 monthly average never falling helow 4.8 parts per million. There was a ma- 
 terial increase in the amount of suspended matter contained In the effluent 
 after October, the quantity remaining quite uniform until May when there 
 was a great increase, due undoubtedly to the automatic cleaning of the filter. 
 
 During September and October, the effluent was non-putrescible on near- 
 ly all occasions. Immediately after the rate ot flow was increased there was 
 an increase in putrescibility, and in November 54% of the samples tested 
 were putrescible. While there were marked variations in the percentage of 
 samples which were putrescible, the effluent from this filter was found to be 
 putrescible on fully one-half of the days upon which it was tested. It must 
 be remembered, however, that the tests here referred to were made upon the 
 effluent including the suspended matter which it carried. The effect of the 
 removal of suspended matter upon the keeping qualities of this effluent, is 
 cliscussed on pages 174 et seq. 
 
 Filter No. 3. 
 
 This filter was 5 feet in depth and received the effluent from the septic 
 tank at the rate of 000,000 gallons per acre per day until October 23, after 
 which time the rate was increased to 1,000,000 gallons per acre per day. The 
 monthly averages of analyses of influent and effluent given in Tables LX 
 and LXI show the work done by this filter from month to month. The indi- 
 vidual analyses upon which these tables are based are given in Appendix K. 
 The influent and effluent are compared in the following tabulation of results 
 of analyses: 
 
 TABLE LIX. 
 
 (Parts per Million) 
 Influent. Effluent. % Removed. 
 
 •Organic Nitrogen 14 
 
 Free Ammonia 14 
 
 Oxygen Consumed 62 
 
 Total Suspended Solids Ill 
 
 Volatile " " 78 
 
 Fixed " " 33 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrites 4.33 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrates 1.65 
 
 Dissolved Oxygen 2.30 
 
 5.8 
 
 59 
 
 11.5 
 
 18 
 
 28.0 
 
 55 
 
 37.0 
 
 67 
 
 29.0 
 
 63 
 
 8.0 
 
 76 
 
 1.4 
 
 325 Increase 
 
 1.6 
 
 145 
 
 4.8 
 
 109 
 
 The purification as indicated by these analyses amounted to about 60%. 
 The general character of the effluents from this filter has been fairly uniform, 
 as shown by the analyses. The average analyses for each month showed ni- 
 trites and nitrates to be present and at no time even for a short period were 
 these constituents absent Dissolved oxygen was always present, most ot 
 the time being between 4% and 6 parts per million. 
 
 104 
 
TABLE LX. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 3. 
 
 INFLUENT 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 1908-1909 
 Date 
 
 August 
 
 September. 
 
 October 
 
 November. 
 December. . 
 January. . . 
 February. . 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 Tempera- 
 ature 
 Deg. P. 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 5G 
 51 
 48 
 46 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 52 
 58 
 
 51 
 
 
 54 
 49 
 45 
 44 
 43 
 42 
 45 
 53 
 58 
 
 49 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 to a 
 sa 
 
 11. 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 13.0 
 16.0 
 16.0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 18.0 
 17.0 
 
 14. u 
 16. 
 15.0 
 16.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 
 9.4 
 U.O 
 
 9.6 
 11.0 
 18.0 
 
 14.0 14.0 
 
 O o 
 
 50 
 07 
 71 
 G5 
 55 
 65 
 64 
 57 
 47 
 56 
 58 
 
 62 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 8o 
 
 112 
 
 138 
 
 131 
 
 80 
 
 84 
 
 86 
 
 90 
 
 80 
 
 110 
 
 117 
 
 111 78 33 0.330. 05 2.3 
 
 0.03 
 0.16 
 0.31 
 0.41 
 0.53 
 0.91 
 1.70 
 1.80 
 1.50 
 1.50 
 0.38 
 
 ■a 
 
 <" -I 
 > ri 
 .-. a> 
 
 PO 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.75 
 
 3.50 
 3.80 
 4.60 
 4.10 
 2.40 
 0.70 
 
 TABLE LXf. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 3. 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 o 
 
 CD a 
 
 sa 
 
 rjj <I> 
 <D H 
 
 a-a 
 5. a 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 fa 
 
 ■a 
 
 01.-; 
 
 to O 
 
 &.2 
 OQ 
 
 August 
 
 September 
 October . . 
 November 
 December 
 January . . 
 February . 
 March . . . 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 Weighted Average. 
 
 5.7 
 4.8 
 4.5 
 5.7 
 7.2 
 5.9 
 7.7 
 5.7 
 4.5 
 7.4 
 7.6 
 
 5.8 
 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 10.0 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 9.6 
 9.4 
 11.0 
 
 11.4 
 
 4.5 
 1.8 
 1.5 
 1.0 
 1.1 
 1.3 
 1.1 
 1.2 
 1.5 
 2.0 
 1.3 
 
 1.4 
 
 0.51 
 
 1.3 
 
 2.0 
 
 1.50 
 
 1.90 
 
 1.90 
 
 1.60 
 
 1.50 
 
 2.1 
 
 1.5 
 
 0.50 
 
 1.60 
 
 27 
 35 
 28 
 32 
 29 
 37 
 62 
 44 
 25 
 55 
 62 
 
 37 
 
 24 
 27 
 21 
 26 
 25 
 30 
 50 
 33 
 22 
 39 
 50 
 
 29 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 16 
 
 12 
 
 8.o' 
 
 5.4 
 4.5 
 5.0 
 5.2 
 4.8 
 6.1 
 6.2 
 5.1 
 2.9 
 
 4.8 
 
 The eflBuent containing its suspended matter was found to be putrescible 
 on a comparatively large number of days, amounting on the average to about 
 
 105 
 
two-thirds of the time. In April only 7% of the samples tested were found to 
 be putrescible, while in October 86% of them- failed' to keBp. The effect of 
 the removal of suspended matter upon the keeping qualities of this effluent 
 is discussed on pages 174 et seq. 
 
 Filter No. 4. 
 
 This filter was 5 feet in depth and received the effluent from the settling 
 tank at an average net rate of 636,000 gallons per acre per day until October 
 23, after which the average rate was 1,000,000 gallons per acre per day until 
 December 1 when it was increased to 1,200,000 gallons. The filter was not 
 covered during the winter and was protected only slightly by means of an 
 earth embankment around the tank containing the filtering medium, and also 
 to some extent by the filter house which was nearby and on the northerly 
 side of it. 
 
 The monthly averages of analyses of influents and effluents given in 
 Tables LXII and LXIII show the work accomplished by the filter from month 
 to month. The individual analyses upon which these tables are based are 
 tabulated in Appendix L. The influents of this filter differed from those of 
 the other filters principally in the amount of suspended matter contained 
 during the months of August, September, October and November. As has 
 already been explained in the discussion of the results of the experiments 
 upon the septic tank, comparatively large quantities of suspended matter 
 were carried over from that tank to the filters receiving septic effluent where- 
 as the effluent from the settling basin which was applied to this filter carried 
 a nearly uniform amount of suspended matter throughout the experiment, and 
 much less during the summer and fall than did that from the septic tank. It 
 should be mentioned in this connection that the influents to this filter con- 
 
 TABLE LXII. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent, 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 4. 
 
 Source of Influent, Settling Tank. 
 
 INFLUENT 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 1908-1909 
 Date 
 
 August. . . . 
 September. 
 October. . . . 
 November. 
 December. . 
 January. . . 
 February. . 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 Temper- 
 ature 
 Deg. F. 
 
 
 a 
 
 50 
 50 
 48 
 4G 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 51 
 59 
 
 50 
 
 54 
 43 
 39 
 41 
 41 
 39 
 45 
 52 
 CO 
 
 4G 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 10.0 
 9.5 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 15.0 
 IG.O 
 IG.O 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 17.0 
 IG.O 
 
 
 a » 
 
 O Q 
 
 O 
 
 13.0 13.4 
 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 
 9.1 
 11.0 
 
 9.1 
 11.0 
 17.0 
 
 47 
 58 
 CO 
 55 
 57 
 G4 
 G4 
 57 
 48 
 52 
 55 
 
 57 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 09 
 78 
 72 
 74 
 83 
 79 
 79 
 90 
 80 
 104 
 109 
 
 iz 
 08 
 IC 
 38 
 45 
 39 
 23 
 0.44 
 0.92 
 1.30 
 O.IC 
 
 81 G2 19 0.370.45 1.98 
 
 0.14 
 O.OG 
 0.12 
 0.27 
 0.49 
 0.99 
 
 1.10 
 0.27 
 
 •a 
 
 .•2 P. 
 
 DO 
 
 0.00 
 0.51 
 2.80 
 
 3. GO 
 4.20 
 
 4. GO 
 4.40 
 3.30 
 0.55 
 
 106 
 
TABLE LXMI. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent of 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 4. 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 1908-1909 
 
 August 
 
 September 
 October. . . 
 November. 
 December. 
 January. . . 
 February . . 
 
 March 
 
 April : 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 5.i! 
 2.8 
 4.2 
 5.G 
 7.3 
 8.G 
 7.8 
 6.5 
 G.8 
 16.0 
 10.0 
 
 6.5 
 
 o 
 
 a <B 
 as 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.6 
 
 8.9 
 
 11.0 
 
 J3.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.2 
 
 0.91 
 1.56 
 1.80 
 0.80 
 0.63 
 0.70 
 0.70 
 0.90 
 1.40 
 1.80 
 1.50 
 
 1.2 
 
 0.3C 
 2.50 
 2.70 
 2.00 
 1.10 
 1.00 
 1.10 
 1.00 
 1.10 
 1.00 
 0.50 
 
 1.70 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 •a 
 
 Si 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 ■3 
 o 
 Eh 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 
 30 
 
 25 
 
 21 
 
 4 
 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 26 
 
 23 
 
 18 
 
 5 
 
 29 
 
 38 
 
 29 
 
 9 
 
 32 
 
 47 
 
 40 
 
 7 
 
 37 
 
 46 
 
 37 
 
 9 
 
 36 
 
 48 
 
 40 
 
 8 
 
 31 
 
 47 
 
 36 
 
 11 
 
 26 
 
 42 
 
 35 
 
 7 
 
 48 
 
 189 
 
 128 
 
 61 
 
 37 
 
 100 
 
 78 
 
 28 
 
 31 
 
 49 
 
 37 
 
 12 
 
 (1).-; 
 
 55 
 
 5.2 
 5.9 
 6.1 
 5.6 
 5.2 
 6.6 
 5.9 
 4.6 
 4.1 
 
 5.8 
 
 tained a comparatively large amount of suspended matter during May and 
 June, doubtless due as already explained in another place to the accumula- 
 tion of sludge in the settling basin and consequent inefHciency of the sedi- 
 mentation process. 
 
 The quality of the influent and effluent can be readily compared by the 
 use of the folio-wing figures: 
 
 (Parts per Million) 
 Influent. Effluent. % Removed. 
 
 Organic Nitrogen 13 6.5 50 
 
 Free Ammonia 13.4 10.2 27 
 
 Oxygen Consumed 57 31 46 
 
 Total Suspended Solids 81 49 40 
 
 Volatile " " 62 37 40 
 
 Fixed " " 19 12 37 
 
 Nitrogen as Nitrites 0.37 1.2 224 increase 
 
 Nitroeen as Nitrates 0.45 1.7 280 
 
 Dissolved Oxygen 1.96 5.8 196 
 
 The purification effected by this filter as shown by the foregoing results 
 of analyses, was sufficient to remove on the whole only about 45% of the im- 
 purities of the Influent. There was a decided increase in nitrites, nitrates 
 and dissolved oxygen. Monthly averages of analyses showed a gradual de- 
 terioration in the quality of the effluent with the advent of cold weather and 
 the filter had not fully recovered from the effect of the winter at the end of 
 -June, to which time the analyses have been tabulated. The suspended matter 
 in the effluent Increased after October, remaining comparatively stationary 
 until May, after which time there was a marked increase due to the auto- 
 
 107 
 
matlc cleaning of the filter. During the first three months of operation, this 
 filter d:d better work than No. 3, which was built in exactly the same manner. 
 After November, however, the injurious effect of the cold weather, due prob- 
 ably partly to low temperature and partly to inefficient distribution on ac- 
 count of the ice covering, was clearly reflected in the inferior quality of the 
 effluent. This deterioration reached its maximum in March, during which 
 month the effluent was putrescible upon all occasions when it was tested. 
 These tests, however, were made with the full content of suspended matter 
 present. The putrescibility tests indicated a marked improvement in the con- 
 dition of the filter during April, although there was a slight recession during 
 May. In June the effluent was found to be putrefactive three-quarters of the 
 time. The effect of removing the suspended matter upon the keeping quali- 
 ties of this effluent is discussed on pages 174 et seq. 
 
 Quantity of Suspended Matter Removed by Sprinkling Filters. 
 
 It is unfortunate that the experiments with the sprinkling filters could 
 not have been continued for a longer period of time to make it possible to 
 determine what proportion of the suspended matter applied to the filters 
 would be retained in their pores. 
 
 Table LXVI shows the number of parts per million of suspended solids 
 in the influents and effluents of sprinkling filters Nos. 1 and 2, and settling 
 basin No. 1, as well as the relation of the suspended matter in the effluent 
 from the settling basin to that in the crude sewage. Table LXVII gives the 
 same data in relation to sprinkling filters Nos. 3 and 4 and settling basin No. 
 2. The amount of suspended matter in the effluent from the settling basins 
 was equivalent to from 3 to 11% of the quantity present in the crude sewage. 
 The quantity of solids in suspension in the sprinkling filter effluents obtained 
 by the various filters at Lawrence, Mass., and Columbus, Ohio, have been 
 tabulated for the purpose of assisting in the comparison of the quantities in 
 the effluents from the various filters at Gloversville. 
 
 
 Rate 
 mgd. per 
 acre. 
 
 Pounds 
 solids per 
 mil gals. 
 
 Parts per 
 per million 
 solids. 
 
 Gloversvllle, N. Y. 
 
 No 1 
 
 1.18 
 1.06 
 1.00 
 1.20 
 
 1.67 
 1.15 
 1.24 
 1.29 
 
 1.33 
 1.85 
 1.78 
 2.27 
 1.51 
 2.28 
 
 242 
 367 
 309 
 409 
 
 536 
 906 
 845 
 825 
 1388 
 1236 
 
 1045 
 876 
 477 
 535 
 234 
 644 
 
 29 
 
 No. 2 
 
 44 
 
 No. 3 
 
 37 
 
 No 4 
 
 49 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 Filter 135, 1902-5 
 
 64 
 
 136, " 
 
 109 
 
 135-136,1906 
 
 101 
 
 " 233-235, " 
 
 99 
 
 247, " 
 
 166 
 
 248, " 
 
 148 
 
 Columbus, Ohio. 
 
 A 
 
 125 
 
 B 
 
 105 
 
 c 
 
 67 
 
 D 
 
 64 
 
 E 
 
 28 
 
 F 
 
 77 
 
 
 
 From these figures It appears that the Gloversville effluent contained 
 much less suspended matter than that of either Lawrence of Columbus. At 
 
 108 
 
Lawrence the quantities were on the average considerably more than double 
 those at Gloversville. There was little difference in the quantity of suspend- 
 ed matter per million gallons applied to these various Alters, although the 
 quantity at Gloversville was on the whole rather greater than at the other 
 places. In spite of this fact the quantity in the effluents was decidedly less 
 at Gloversville, leading to the interesting query whether the filters would 
 automatically unload during the summer. It was not deemed wise to attempt 
 to determine the voids in the filters to throw light upon this question because 
 they have not been shut down and it was feared that flooding and draining 
 might wash out large quantities of suspended matter and thus interfere with 
 the natural unloading process which it was hoped would take place as soon 
 as the sewage reached a comparatively high temperature. 
 
 It is not improbable that the low rates at which the Gloversville filters 
 have been operated do not furnish as great assistance in the natural unload- 
 ing of suspended matter as the higher rates in use at the other cities. 
 
 Table LXVIII gives the quantity of solid matter, in parts per million gal- 
 lons of sewage applied which was removed from the influents by the several 
 filters. It is apparent that filter No. 1 removed a larger quantity of suspended 
 matter than did any of the other filters. Filter No. 3 came next to Filter No. 
 1 in this respect and removed more suspended matter than did either filters 
 Nos. 2 or 4. As has been stated earlier in this report, there is no apparent 
 reason for the retention of such a large quantity of suspended matter in this 
 filter. Filter No. 2 removed much more solid matter than did No. 4. 
 
 From the second part of Table LXVIII it appears that filter No. 1 in no 
 month discharged more suspended matter than it received. The. quantity re- 
 tained or stored in the filter as indicated by amount removed from influent, 
 was largest during the first few months of its operation, reaching 87.6% of 
 that applied in the month of September. There has been a gradual reduction 
 in the percent of solid matter retained in this filter, and it may be that if the 
 experiments could have been continued longer, it would have unloaded some 
 of the matters previously retained. During the month of June the quantity 
 of suspended matter retained was equivalent to only 22% of that applied. 
 
 During the month of May the quantity of suspended matter (discharged 
 from filters Nos. 2 and 4 was considerably in excess of that applied. In these 
 filters as well as in the case of filter No. 1, there has been a gradual reduction 
 in the proportion of suspended matter retained in the filter to that applied. 
 
 Filter No. 3 has, during no month, discharged more suspended matter 
 than it received, and it has not shown a tendency to reduce the relation of 
 the quantity of suspended matter stored to that applied, which has been evi- 
 dent in the other filters. 
 
 In Table LXIX are given the quantities of suspended solids assumed to 
 have been stored in the filters, figured in pounds of dried solid matter. In 
 addition are given also the estimated volume occupied by the several quanti- 
 ties of suspended matter stored on the basis of its being dry and in the form 
 of sludge containing 20% and 10% solid matter. From these various calcu- 
 lations it appears that were the filters allowed to dry out so that no moisture 
 was contained in them, from 0.72% to 1.83% of the voids In them would be 
 occupied by ihe solids which have accumulated. Further, that if the solids 
 are present in the form of sludge as dense as 80% water, the space occupied 
 would vary from 3.60 to 9.15% of the original voids in the filter. Assuming 
 that the solid matter retained by the filter is in the form of sludge containing 
 
 109 
 
90% water, the space occupied by it varies from 7.20% to 18.30% of the origi- 
 nal voids in the several filters. 
 
 Prom these various studies it appears that there has been no marked un- 
 loading of the matters retained. It is also evident that there is no marked 
 indication that the filters were about to discharge large quantities of sus- 
 pended matter. On the other hand, there has been a gradual tendency in all 
 of the filters with the possible exception of No. 2, toward reducing the quan- 
 tity of suspended matter removed from the influent. For convenience, in the 
 foregoing discussion the suspended solids removed from the Influents have 
 been assumed to have been retained in the filters. It is not improbable that 
 much of this matter may have disappeared and that it would not appear as 
 an accumulation in the filters if an examination were made. 
 
 Loss of Heat of Influent in Passing Tlirough Filters. 
 
 The temperatures of influent and effluent of the various filters have been 
 taken daily. All records of temperatures of sewage and effluents are given 
 in Appendix R. The averages of these temperatures show that the effluent lost 
 a small amount of its heat during its passage through the filters. The aver- 
 age loss by months for the various filters was as follows: 
 
 Degree Fahrenheit. 
 Filter No. 1 Filter No. 2 Filter No. 3 Filter No. 4 
 
 November 
 December 
 January . . 
 February . 
 March . . . . 
 
 Note: Filter house completed Nov. 9, 1909, 
 
 These averages show that there was a much greater loss In temperature 
 in the case of filter No. 4 which was not protected by the filter house. The 
 average temperatures of the effluents are given in the several tables of month- 
 ly averages of results of analyses. Prom these averages, It appears that the 
 temperature of the effluent of the filters from December to March inclusive, 
 will probably be as low as 40° Fahrenheit, in the case of a filter five feet deep, 
 unprotected from the weather. The effluent from a filter five feet deep will 
 be from 3 to 6° warmer if housed than if unprotected. 
 
 Comparison of Results of Experiments with Sprinkling Filters. 
 
 To facilitate a comparison of the quality of the various effluents, the fol- 
 lowing table has been compiled: 
 
 TABLE LXIV. 
 Averages of Results of all Analyses of Effluents from All Sprinkling Filters. 
 
 (Parts per Million) 
 
 Filter 
 
 No. 1 
 
 No. 2 
 
 No. 3 
 
 No. 4 
 
 Crude 
 Sewage 
 
 Organic Nitrogen . . . . 
 
 Free Ammonia 
 
 Oxygen Consumed . . . 
 Total Susp. Matter . . 
 Volatile Susp. Matter 
 
 Fixed Susp 
 
 Nitrites 
 
 Nitrates 
 
 Dissolved Oxygen . . . . 
 
 3.5 
 
 8.0 
 
 22.0 
 
 29.0 
 
 22.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.5 
 
 4.8 
 
 6.4 
 
 5.0 
 
 8.G 
 
 27.0 
 
 44.0 
 
 32.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.3 
 
 3.G 
 
 5.G 
 
 5.8 
 
 11.4 
 
 28.0 
 
 37.0 
 
 29.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 1.4 
 
 l.G 
 
 4.8 
 
 G.5 
 
 10.2 
 
 30.0 
 
 49.0 
 
 37.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 1.7 
 
 5.8 
 
 23.0 
 12.0 
 95.0 
 40G.0 
 229.0 
 17G.0 
 0.38 
 0.87 
 2.32 
 
 110 
 
There is a gradual increase in the amount of 'organic nitrogen In the ef- 
 fluents from Filters Nos. 1 to 4. There Is considerably more free ammonia 
 in the effluents from Filters Nos. 3 and 4 than those from Filters Nos. 1 and 2. 
 The oxygen consumed and the total suspended matter are both much higher 
 in the filtrate from No. 4, than in the other effluents. There is a correspond- 
 ing reduction in the amount of nitrates which is less than one-half as high 
 in the effluents from the 5-toot beds as from those of the 7 and 10-foot beds. 
 Dissolved oxygen is present to a marked extent in all of the filters, and dur^ 
 ing the winter and spring, the effluents were nearly one-half saturated with 
 oxygen. 
 
 Table LXV shows the percentage of samples of the various effluents from 
 the sprinkling filters and settling basins which were found to be putrescible 
 after incubation during 48 hours at 37° centigrade. The tests of the filter ef- 
 fluents were made without the removal of any of the suspended matter. The 
 effluents from the settling basins showed to some extent the effect of re- 
 moving a portion of the suspended matter of the filter effluent. 
 
 TABLE LXV. 
 
 Proportion of All Samples Taken from the Sprinkling Filters and Settling 
 Basins that were Putrescible. 
 
 (Incubation Period — 48 hours at 37°.) 
 
 Month 
 
 
 
 
 
 tH 
 
 Si 
 
 s 6 
 
 
 So 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 16 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 8G 
 
 48 
 
 
 
 
 
 54 
 
 83 
 
 77 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 33 
 
 25 
 
 82 
 
 7 
 
 20 
 
 53 
 
 53 
 
 87 
 
 27 
 
 21 
 
 79 
 
 78 
 
 78 
 
 36 
 
 14 
 
 79 
 
 62 
 
 100 
 
 14 
 
 7 
 
 25 
 
 7 
 
 86 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 93 
 
 60 
 
 93 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 55 , 
 
 67 
 
 75 
 
 14 
 
 9.3 
 
 47.1 
 
 62.7 
 
 75.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 
 q) ai 
 
 September, 1908 . . 
 October, 1908 . . . 
 November, 1908 . . 
 December, 1908 . . 
 
 January, 1909 
 
 February, 1909 . . . 
 
 March, 1909 
 
 "April, 1909 
 
 May, 1909 
 
 June, 1909 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 18 
 
 29 
 
 65 
 
 33 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 19.1 
 
 °°Samples were tested every day after April 1, 1909. 
 *Basin cleaned Dec. 12, Feb'y 2 and May 18. 
 °Basin cleaned Dec. 2, Mar. 18, May 12 and 27 and June 16. 
 
 Ill 
 
TABLE LXVI. 
 Quantity of Suspended Matter in Influents an^ Effluents of Sprinkling Filters, 
 
 Nos. 1 and 2 and Settling Basin No. 1. 
 
 August, 1908 ... 
 September, 1908 
 October, 1908 . . 
 November, 1908 
 December, 1908 
 January, 1909 . . 
 February, 1909 . 
 Marcb, 1909 . . . 
 
 April, 1909 
 
 May, 1909 
 
 June, 1909 ...-., 
 
 Sprinkling 
 
 Filter No. 1. 
 
 Parts per Mil. 
 
 qa 
 Id 
 
 12Z 
 
 105 
 
 125 
 
 125 
 
 83 
 
 90 
 
 86 
 
 89 
 
 83 
 
 114 
 
 95 
 
 3 
 
 e 
 
 ^1 
 
 13 
 21 
 22 
 30 
 33 
 27 
 30 
 45 
 70 
 74 
 
 Sprinkling 
 
 Filter No. 2. 
 
 Parts per Mil. 
 
 3 
 d 
 
 113 
 
 142 
 
 124 
 
 83 
 
 90 
 
 86 
 
 89 
 
 81 
 
 114 
 
 95 
 
 Id 
 
 01 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 14 
 15 
 35 
 57 
 47 
 46 
 44 
 4G 
 202 
 8G 
 
 Settling Basin No. i 
 
 Parts per Mil. 
 
 a 
 
 IB 
 
 3 
 « 
 
 a 
 
 12 
 18 
 29 
 44 
 40 
 37 
 37 
 45 
 136 
 80 
 
 d 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 16 
 28 
 28 
 31 
 29 
 26 
 46 
 28 
 
 ■a s 
 
 op 
 
 an 
 
 S 13 (B 
 
 a, o 
 
 oO 
 
 3 
 3 
 4 
 9 
 8 
 7 
 
 11 
 7 
 9 
 5 
 
 TABLE LXVII. 
 Quantity of Suspended Matter in Influents and Effluents of Sprinkling Filters. 
 Nos. 3 and 4 and Settling Basin No. 2. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Settling Basin No. 2. 
 
 
 Sprinkling 
 
 Sprinkling 
 
 
 
 
 
 Filter No. 3. 
 
 Filter No. 4. 
 
 
 
 SE.^ . 
 
 
 Parts per Mil. 
 
 Parts per Mil. 
 
 Parts per Mil. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3.2*" ? 
 
 M , P 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^0°" 
 
 
 +j 
 
 -4-» 
 
 +j 
 
 
 
 
 rt-2 -M 
 
 
 Id 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 Id 
 
 fd 
 
 Id 
 
 S?^ 
 
 
 » 
 
 (V 
 
 (U 
 
 <s 
 
 
 
 o 2 £5 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 a 'S 
 
 
 od 
 
 m 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 
 
 (li at luU 
 
 August, 1908 
 
 8b 
 
 27 
 
 69 
 
 25 
 
 
 
 
 September, 1908 . . . 
 
 112 
 
 35 
 
 78 
 
 17 
 
 32 
 
 17 
 
 5 
 
 October, 1908 
 
 138 
 
 28 
 
 72 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 November, 1908 
 
 131 
 
 32 
 
 74 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 20 
 
 5 
 
 December, 1908 
 
 86 
 
 29 
 
 83 
 
 47 
 
 41 
 
 30 
 
 10 
 
 January, 1909 
 
 84 
 
 37 
 
 79 
 
 46 
 
 42 
 
 27 
 
 8 
 
 February, 1909 
 
 86 
 
 62 
 
 79 
 
 48 
 
 50 
 
 24 
 
 5 
 
 March, 1909 
 
 90 
 
 44 
 
 90 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 28 
 
 10 
 
 April, 1909 
 
 86 
 
 25 
 
 80 
 
 42 
 
 33 
 
 18 
 
 5 
 
 May, 1909 
 
 110 
 
 55 
 
 104 
 
 189 
 
 122 
 
 27 
 
 5 
 
 June, 1909 
 
 117 
 
 62 
 
 109 
 
 106 
 
 77 
 
 26 
 
 5 
 
 112 
 
TABLE LXVIII. 
 ^Quantity of Suspended Matter Retained in Filters. 
 
 Parts per million. 
 
 Montb. 
 
 o 
 
 fo 
 
 •o 
 
 
 August, 1908 
 
 September, 1908 
 
 October, 1908 
 
 November, 1908 
 
 December, 1908 
 
 January, 1909. 
 
 February, 1909 
 
 Marcb, 1909 
 
 April, 1908 
 
 May, 1909 
 
 June, 1909 
 
 Average 
 
 From Monthly Averages 
 
 lui 
 92 
 104 
 103 
 53 
 57 
 59 
 59 
 38 
 44 
 21 
 
 CG.5 
 78 
 
 99 
 127 
 
 89 
 
 26 
 
 43 
 
 40 
 
 45 
 
 35 
 
 -88 
 
 9 
 
 43.1 
 76 
 
 58 
 77 
 110 
 99 
 57 
 47 
 24 
 40 
 Cl 
 55 
 55 
 
 G2.G 
 
 74 
 
 44 
 Gl 
 49 
 36 
 36 
 33 
 31 
 43 
 38 
 -85 
 3 
 
 27.2 
 32 
 
 Per cent, of that in Influent. 
 
 ■Mouth. 
 
 o 
 
 ■o 
 
 fo 
 
 o 
 
 August, 1908 
 
 September, 1908 
 
 October, 1908 
 
 November, 1908 
 
 December, 1908 
 
 January, 1909 
 
 February, 1909 
 
 March, 1909 
 
 April, 1909 
 
 May, 1909 
 
 June, 1909 
 
 Aver~age 
 
 Prom 'TWoiitHly A-verages 
 
 8Z.S 
 87. G 
 83.2 
 82.4 
 63.9 
 63.4 
 68.6 
 66. 3 
 45.8 
 38.6 
 22.1 
 
 64. 1 
 72.8 
 
 
 tb.3 
 
 13.8 
 
 87.6 
 
 C8.7 
 
 78.2 
 
 89.4 
 
 79.7 
 
 C8.0 
 
 71.7 
 
 75.6 
 
 48.7 
 
 31.3 
 
 C6.3 
 
 48.4 
 
 47.8 
 
 56.0 
 
 41.8 
 
 46.5 
 
 27.7 
 
 39.2 
 
 50.6 
 
 51.1 
 
 47.8 
 
 43.2 
 
 70.9 
 
 47.5 
 
 -77.2 
 
 50.0 
 
 -81.6 
 
 9.5 
 
 47.0 
 
 2.8 
 
 40.8 
 
 CO. 2 
 
 37.2 
 
 63.3 
 
 GG.6 
 
 39.5 
 
 113 
 
TABLE LXIX. 
 
 Quantity and Volume of Suspended Matter. 
 
 Retained in Filters. 
 
 Total pounds dry solids. 
 Filter Filter Filter Filter 
 
 Month. 
 
 No. 1 
 
 No. 2 
 
 No. 3 
 
 No. 4 
 
 
 August, 1908 
 
 11.9 
 
 41.6 
 
 56.8 
 
 77.4 
 
 48.3 
 
 51.9 
 
 48.4" 
 
 53.8 
 
 33.4 
 
 40.2 
 
 18.5 
 
 482.2 
 
 48 2 
 76.2 
 66.7 
 21.4 
 35.6 
 29 8 
 37 3 
 28.1 
 —72.9 
 7.2 
 
 277.6 
 
 2.6 
 34.8 
 52.5 
 74.5 
 44.4 
 36.6 
 16.9 
 35.8 
 45.9 
 42.8 
 41.4 
 
 428.2 
 
 2.8 
 29.1 
 27.7 
 27.0 
 33.7 
 30.9 
 26.2 
 40.0 
 34.3 
 —79.0 
 2.7 
 
 175.4 
 
 
 September 
 
 
 October 
 
 
 
 
 December 
 
 
 January, 1909 
 
 
 
 
 March 
 
 
 April 
 
 
 May 
 
 
 June 
 
 
 Total (lbs.) 
 
 Dry Solids 
 
 
 Total cu. ft. (75# per cu. ft.).. 
 
 Total cu. ft (10% solid) 
 
 Total cu. ft. (20% solid) 
 
 Per cent, voids filled 
 
 6.45 
 64.5 
 32.3 
 
 1.05 
 
 5 25 
 
 10.50 
 
 3.7 
 37.0 
 18.5 
 86 
 4.30 
 8.60 
 
 5.7 
 
 57.0 
 
 28.5 
 
 1.83 
 
 9.15 
 
 18.30 
 
 2.3 
 23.0 
 11.5 
 0.72 
 3.60 
 7.20 
 
 Dry Solids 
 90% Water 
 80% Water 
 
 Dry Solids 
 80% Water 
 90% Water 
 
 Per cent, vo'ds filled 
 
 Per cent, voids filled 
 
 
 These basins, however, might be made more effective by improved de- 
 sign and greater care to prevent the accumulation and putrefaction of sludge 
 during the warmer weather. 
 
 The work accomplished by Filter No. 1, was far better than that of any 
 of the others and the eJHuent was better even than the effluent from settling 
 basin No. 1, which received the effluents from Filters Nos. 1 and 2 combined 
 in equal portions. 
 
 Filter No. 2 did, on the whole, rather better work than Filter No. 3, but 
 did not approach the results obtained by No. 1. By passing the effluents from 
 Filters Nos. 1 and 2, through Settling Basin No. 1, considerable suspended 
 matter was removed with the result that the effluent from the settling basin 
 was putrefactive on less than a quarter of the number of days upon which 
 the effluent from Filter No. 2 was found to be putrefactive. The effluent from 
 the settling bason, however, was putrefactive a greater portion of the time 
 than was the effluent from Filter No. 1. 
 
 There was comparatively little difference in the quality of the effluents 
 of Filters Nos. 3 and 4. During the fall. No. 3 did poorer work than No. 4, 
 which may have been due in part at least to the clogging. During the winter 
 No. 4 showed to a marked extent the effect of its exposed position and did 
 not turn out an effluent nearly as good as that from No. 3. The effluents from 
 Filters 3 and 4, after passing through settling basin No. 2, were found to be 
 in excellent condition after January, none of the samples being found putrescl- 
 ble during February, April, May and June, while only 6% were found putrescl- 
 ble during the month of March. The comparatively large proportion of sam- 
 ples which were putrescible during November, December and January, may 
 have been due to the inferior quality of the effluent from Filter No. 3, or to 
 the lack of sufficient cleaning of Settling Basin No. 2. 
 
 In considering the putrescibility tests, due weight should be given to the 
 
 114 
 
tact that the methylene blue test is very delicate; that tests have been car- 
 ried out at 37° Centigrade, a temperature which is far above that which will 
 ever be reached by the water into which the sewage effluents will be dis- 
 •chargd; that the tests have been made upon filter effluents containing all ol 
 their suspended matter; and that the tests of the basin effluents have been 
 made upon the undiluted samples of the effluent. In other words, these tests 
 have been of a most exacting nature and have been applied as though the 
 creek were made up entirely of sewage effluents, no allowance having 
 been made in the tests for the dilution which will be furnished by the nat- 
 ural waters of tne creek. 
 
 In general, it may be stated that there was a reduction in the quality of 
 the effluents from the filters, corresponding to the diminished depth of filter- 
 ing material. It is probable that with the entire flow of sewage treated in 
 the same manner as the sewage applied to Filter No. 1, no offensive odors 
 would be caused by its discharge into Cayadutta Creek. 
 
 The quality of the effluent from Filter No. 2 would indicate that if the 
 entire flow of sewage were purified to the same degree as this effluent, it 
 would probably be necessary to pass the resulting effluent through settling 
 basins to remove the suspended matter before its discharge into the creek. 
 
 The work of Filters Nos. 3 and 4 did not indicate that there was any ad- 
 vantage in passing the sewage through the septic tank, rather than through 
 the settling tank before applying it to the filters. Further it appears that a 
 a filter unprotected from the cold and storms of the winter will not do as good 
 work as a similar filter protected by a building, although such building need 
 not be artificially heated. If the entire flow of sewage should be treated in 
 the same way as that which ultimately passed out of Filters Nos. 3 and 4, it 
 would be necessary to remove a large proportion of the suspended matters 
 in the effluent before its discharge into Cayadutta Creek to avoid causing 
 offensive odors. 
 
 Results of Experiments vi/ith Settling of Sprinl<llng Filter Effluents. 
 
 Two settling basins were constructed as already described and received 
 the effluents from Sprinkling Filters Nos. 1 and 2, and Nos. 3 and 4 respec- 
 tively. The rate of flow through basin No. 1 was such that until October 23 
 it received a quantity equal to its cubic capacity once every 2.7 hours, and 
 after October 23 once every 1% hours. The rate of flow through basin No. 2 
 was such until October 23 that it received a quantity equivalent to its cubic 
 capacity once every ten hours and after October 23 once every 5.6 hours. 
 
 The sludge which accumulated in these basins was removed several 
 times, but the operation of the basins would doubtless have been more effl- 
 ■cient had it been removed at shorter intervals especially during -the warmer 
 portions of the year. 
 
 The monthly averages of results of analyses of influents and effluents of 
 basin No. 1 appear in Table LXX. The individual analyses upon which this 
 table is based are given in Appendix M. These analyses indicate that at cer- 
 tain times, there was an increase in Free Ammonia during thS passage of the 
 ■effluent through the basin, even though the period of flow was very short. 
 There was also a slight decrease in the quantity of Nitrites and Nitrates tend- 
 ing also to show that there was some bacterial action going on in the effluent, 
 or the suspended matter which had accumulated on the bottom and the sides 
 of the basin, which tended to cause putrefaction, and to reduce the keeping 
 ■qualities of the water. 
 
 115 
 
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 C>0 
 
 
 a 
 
 ** 
 
 
 c 
 
 
 u 
 
 ■t^ 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 UJ 
 
 jd 
 
 
 Ml 
 
 ■o 
 
 3 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 ra 
 
 t. 
 
 
 £1 
 
 «> 
 
 
 3 
 
 is 
 
 •♦- 
 
 o 
 
 fe 
 
 
 4> 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 y 
 
 c 
 
 d 
 
 Z 
 
 
 a 
 
 X 
 
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 ffi 
 
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 pavcpjasfa'traSvCxo 
 
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 paAiossja naSjfxo 
 
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 ja;;BH papuadsns 
 
 jan^M aiU'BIoA 
 
 patnnsuoo uaSjfxo 
 
 
 sa^EJ^lM 
 
 sa^ij^TN 
 
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 116 
 
Further evidence in this line is fjimisbed by the examination of Oxygen 
 Dissolved, the quantity of. which was generally somewhat decreased during 
 the time that the water remained in the basin. The length of time consumed 
 hy the passage of water through this basin was so small that usually there 
 was no noticeable reduction in temperature. During the very coldest weather 
 in February, the temperature of the effluent was only one degree below that 
 of the influent, and. in all other months the temperature was the same. 
 
 By far the most important change taking place in the effluent during its 
 sedimentation was the removal of suspended matter. This is shown clearly 
 by the following tabulation of monthly averages of the quantity of suspended 
 matter in the influent and effluent, together with the percent removed. 
 
 TABLE LXXI. 
 
 Suspended Matter, Settling Basin No. 1. 
 Influent Composed of Equal Portions of Effluent from Sprinkling Filters 
 
 Nos. 1 and 2. 
 
 (Parts per Million). 
 Date. Influent. 
 
 Effluent. 
 
 % Removed. 
 
 
 12 
 18 
 29 
 44 
 40 
 37 
 37 
 45 
 136 
 80 
 37 
 
 11 
 12 
 16 
 28 
 28 
 31 
 29 
 26 
 46 
 28 
 21 
 
 S 
 
 October 
 
 34 
 
 
 45 
 
 
 36 
 
 January ' 
 
 30 
 
 
 16 
 
 Mar:;h 
 
 22 
 
 April 
 
 42 
 
 
 66 
 
 June 
 
 65 
 
 Average 
 
 43 
 
 It is interesting to note that only on two occasions did the suspended 
 matter in the effluent exceed thirty parts, in one case reaching thirty-one 
 parts and in the other forty-six parts. During the month of May the influent 
 averaged 136 parts suspended matter and 66% was removed. The efflciency 
 of the tank as measured by the percent removed naturally varied according 
 to the quantity of suspended matter in the influent, but the comparatively 
 uniform quantity in the effluent indicates that by this method even with a 
 very short period of sedimentation the suspended matter can be reduced to 
 30 parts, or perhaps less, per million. 
 
 That the suspended matter is of a nature which is readily removed by 
 sedimentation, is indicated by the fact that as much as 43% on an average, 
 and as high as 66% during a single month, was removed by sedimentation 
 when the rate of flow through the tank was equivalent to a period of 1.5 hours. 
 
 Settling Basin No. 2. 
 
 This basin was designed to show what results would be obtained by a 
 fairly long period of sedimentation. The effluent from Filters Nos. 3 and 4 
 contained a larger quantity of suspended matter than that from Filters Nos. 
 1 and 2, consequently somewhat more work devolved upon this basin than 
 upon basin No. 1. The monthly averages of analyses of influent and effluent 
 of this basin are given in Table LXXII. The individual analyses on which 
 this table is based, are given In Appendix N. 
 
 in 
 
As in the case of basin No. 1, the Free Ammonia in the effluent Is higher 
 than that in the influent, and the Nitrites, Nitrates and Oxygen Dissolvea 
 present in the influ.ent were reduced. These facts indicate that there was 
 considerable bacterial action in the water, or the accumulated sludge, which 
 did reduce the keeping qualities of the effluent. 
 
 During the colder weather there was generally a reduction In the tern- 
 prature of the water during its passage through the tank, amounting to from 
 1 to 2° on the average. It should be mentioned in this connection that this 
 tank was wholly above the surface of the ground and, therefore, entirely su^ 
 
 118 
 
*: 
 111 
 
 •a 
 c 
 n 
 
 c 
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 3 
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 111 
 
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 4-1 
 
 
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 paAiossia ua3jCxo 
 
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 jan^H am^ioA 
 
 pamnsuoo uaS^XQ 
 
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 saHJ^IN 
 
 BTuoraraY saj^j 
 
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 119 
 
rounded by the air of the filter house and fully exposed to the effect of the 
 temperatures obtaining in this building, while basin No. 1 was buried in the 
 ground, although the surface of the water was exposed to the air. 
 
 The efficiency of this basin as an agency for removing the suspended mat- 
 ter! of the inffluents, is clearly Indicated by the following tabulation: 
 
 TABLE LXXIII. 
 
 Suspended Matter, Settling Basin No. 2. 
 Influent Composed of Equal Portions of Effluent from Sprinkling Filters 
 
 Nos. 3 and 4. (Parts per Million). 
 
 Date. 
 September 
 October . . 
 November 
 December 
 January . . 
 February . . 
 March .... 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 Average 
 
 Influent. 
 32 
 24 
 36 
 41 
 42 
 50 
 46 
 33 
 122 
 77 
 
 43 
 
 Effluent. 
 17 
 15 
 20 
 30 
 27 
 24 
 28 
 18 
 27 
 26 
 
 21 
 
 % Removed. 
 47 
 38 
 45 
 27 
 36 
 52 
 39 
 46 
 78 
 66 
 
 51 
 
 It is important to note that while on occasional days in several months 
 the suspended matter was above 30 and even on a few occasions above 40 
 parts, on the average in no month did it exceed 30 parts. It is clear that with 
 careful attention to cleaning, the suspended matter could have been reduced 
 at all times to at most 30 parts per million. The proportion of the suspended 
 matter of the influent which was removed varied naturally with the quantity 
 present in the influent and reached as high on the average for a whole month 
 as 78%, and on occasional days as high as 80 or 85%. The general results 
 of sedimentation in this tank were superior to those of tank No. 1, even 
 though the influent contained at nearly all times a large amount of suspended 
 matter. 
 
 The effluent from basin No. 2 was somewhat superior to that from basin 
 No. 1 as measured by the putrescibility test. After January, the eifluenta 
 from Sprinkling Filters Nos. 3 and 4 were usually putresclble at least two- 
 thirds of the time, but the effluent from basin No. 2 was non-putrescible sub- 
 stantially all of the time. 
 
 Many samples of the effluents from the various filters were filtered 
 through filter paper and through cotton. Those filtered through paper were 
 uniformly of a character which would successfully pass the putrescibiltyi 
 test, while some of those filtered through the cotton tailed to pass. These 
 tests indicate that the effluents from the sprinkling filters were on many oc- 
 casions very close to the danger line and that it would be absolutely neces- 
 sary to provide for the removal of a large proportion of the suspended mat- 
 ter, if they were to satisfactorily pass the putrescibility test as applied. In 
 this connection it is again necessary to point out the fact that these tests 
 were made by a very delicate method at temperatures far in excess of those 
 obtained in the creek, and for a long period of time, and upon the undiluted 
 effluents. In other words, these tests were of the severest character and 
 much more exacting than the practical working conditions under which the 
 final plant must be. operated. 
 
 120 
 
As a result of tiie various experiments it seems toihave been proved that 
 it is possible to treat the elHuents either from septic or sedimentation tanks 
 by means of sprinkling Alters of from 5 to 10 feet in depth and of a size of 
 stone similar to that used in this experiment, at a net rate of one million gal- 
 lons per acre per day, and produce effluents which will satisfactorily with- 
 stand the most exacting tests for putrescibility, after they have passed 
 through sedimentation basins in which the quantity of suspended matter has 
 been reduced to 30 parts per million. 
 
 SLUDGE FROM SETTLING TANKS. 
 
 The suspended matter in the effluents from the sprnkling filters, although 
 comparatively finely divided, is more or less flocculent in nature and settles 
 rapidly. 
 
 The sludge resulting from the sedimentation of the filter effleunts was 
 comparatively light, containing on the average not over 7% of solid matter. 
 It was biack in color and always possessed a characteristic odor, although 
 under the conditions of operation the odor developed was not of a highly pu- 
 trescible or offensive character. 
 
 When the sludge was allowed to accumulate to a considerable depth, it 
 was occasionally brought to the surface by the gas entrained in it. The 
 quantity of gas produced by this sludge appeared to be considerably less than 
 from a corresponding amount of sludge in septic tanks receiving domestic 
 sewage. 
 
 Great numbers of mosquito eggs were deposited in the settling basins and 
 particularly in the coating of sludge which adhered to the sides of the basins. 
 At favorable times these were hatched and myriads of larvae were found wig- 
 gling about the sides of- the tanks. These in time developed into full grown 
 mosquitoes which appeared in vast numbers, even throughout the winter. It 
 is interesting to note that so far as the observation of the attendants went, 
 these mosquitoes were not inclined to bite. The application of a film of oil 
 to the surface of the tanks was effective in killing the larvae. The only trou- 
 ble caused by these insects was the occasional falling to the bottom of ac- 
 cumulations of suspended matter on the sides of the tank, carrying with them 
 large quantities of the wiggling insects. The motion of these insects in the 
 sludge appeared to cause the necessary breaking up of the mass to permit 
 of its being carried to the surface of the tank by the entrained gas, so that 
 at times the entire tank was a mass of floating and suspended sludge con- 
 taining more or less gas bubbles and large quantities of insects. 
 
 The quantity and character of sludge collected by and removed from Set- 
 tling Basin No. 1, is shown by Table LXXIV. 
 
 The quantity produced varied greatly, being the highest, as would be ex- 
 pected, during the periods when the filters were freeing themselves from 
 accumulated suspended matter in the spring of the year. During the period 
 from May 27 to June 16, the quantity of sludge produced amounted to 6,6 
 cubic yards, or 1.05% of the flow through the basin. 
 
 The density of the sludge was quite uniform throughout the experiment, 
 ranging from 94 to 95% water. 
 
 It is interesting to note that this sludge contains a comparatively large 
 quantity of nitrogen, amounting to nearly twice as much as was found in the 
 sludge from the septic tank or settling tank. 
 
 The, quantity and character of sludge collected, by and removed from Set- 
 tling Basin No. 2, are recorded in Table LXXV. 
 
 121 
 
The quantity of sludge produced by this basin was slightly greater than 
 that produced by No. 1. The density of the sludge was just about the same 
 as that in basin No. 1, ranging from 94 to 96% water. 
 
 The nitrogen varied from 4.7 to 6.3% of the dry sludge, being approxi- 
 mately the same proportion as in the sludge removed from basin No. 1, and 
 fully twice as high in amount as the sludge from either the septic or settling 
 tanks. 
 
 TABLE LXXIV. 
 
 Quantity and Character of Sludge Deposited in the Settling Basin No, 1. 
 
 (Receiving Effluents from Sprinkling Filters Nos. 1 and 2.) 
 
 
 
 
 Per Million Gallons. 
 
 1. 
 
 
 
 O Q) 
 
 g £ 
 OS 
 
 O CD 
 
 -a S 
 
 Sludge Deposited 
 
 Per cent. Nitrogen 
 Figured on Terms 
 of Dry Solids. 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 ^4 
 
 0) 
 ■4-' 
 
 IS 
 
 ■4-» 
 
 
 Q) 
 O 
 U 
 
 p4 
 
 TONS. 
 
 iio 
 
 
 6 
 
 M 
 
 •a 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 a) 
 
 Dry Solids 
 
 m g 
 
 Settling Basin No. 1 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 ti fl 
 
 Sept. 1, '08, to Dec. 2, '08. 
 
 407,700 
 
 2.1 
 
 1.2 
 
 94 
 
 1.03 
 
 .002 
 
 .038 
 
 4.5 
 
 4.2 
 
 Dec. 3, '08, to March 18, '08 . 
 
 705,000 
 
 1.5 
 
 1.2 
 
 95 
 
 1.03 
 
 .052 
 
 .034 
 
 5.2 
 
 3.5 
 
 March 18 to May 12, '09... 
 
 379,000 
 
 1.5 
 
 3.2 
 
 95 
 
 2.8 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.09 
 
 5.1 
 
 2.3 
 
 May 12, to May 27, '09.... 
 
 178,440 
 
 1.5 
 
 4.0 
 
 95 
 
 3.5 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.10 
 
 5.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 May 27 to June 16, '09.... 
 
 127,080 
 
 1.5 
 
 CO 
 
 94 
 
 5.7 
 
 0.34 
 
 0.12 
 
 Not analyzed 
 for fats and 
 nitrogen. 
 
 Weighted Average 
 
 
 
 2.25 
 
 
 1.950.11 
 
 0.05 
 
 TABLE LXXV. 
 Quantity and Character of Sludge Deposited in the Settling Basin No. 2, 
 
 (Receiving Effluent from Sprinklin g Filters Nos. 3 and' 4.)" 
 
 Settling Basin No. 2 
 
 Sept. 1 to Dec. 12, '08 
 
 Dec. 12, '08, to Feb. 2, '09. 
 
 Feb. 2 to May 18, '09 
 
 May 18 to June 18, '09 
 
 Obo5 
 
 "5 Ml 
 
 o <i> S 
 H wo 
 
 ■o 
 o ^ 
 
 CD f-* 
 
 ^ o 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 528.840 
 343.200 
 093.000 
 204.000 
 
 Weighted Average. 
 
 7.5 
 5.0 
 5.0 
 5.0 
 
 Sludge Deposited 
 Per Million Gallons. 
 
 TONS 
 
 Dry solids 
 
 o 
 
 43 
 > 
 
 1.4 
 1.5 
 6 
 7.3 
 
 2.97 
 
 1.19 
 1.28 
 3.1 
 0.3 
 
 2.25 
 
 .048 
 .052 
 0.10 
 0.38 
 
 0.13 
 
 .033 
 .039 
 0.10 
 0.25 
 
 0.09 
 
 a 2 
 
 v a 
 
 ME 
 O CD 
 
 5 2 
 
 -•-' m 
 
 (D CD >. 
 O ^ ti 
 . 30 
 
 CUfc o 
 
 4.7 
 0.3 
 5.0 
 5.4 
 
 Mo 
 
 fc* ^ f>l 
 
 2.7 
 6.3 
 4.2 
 2.9 
 
 122 
 
From the experiments with these two basins, it appears that the quan- 
 tity of sludge which caiy be removed from the effluent from the sprinkling 
 filters by sedimentation would amount to about 214 cubic yards per million 
 gallons of sewage treated. This sludge will be easily pumped and compara- 
 tively easy to dispose of. and if removed at frequent intervals, will not have 
 a particularly offensive odor. It is not to be expected, however, that if it is 
 allowed to collect and decompose in large masses, it will be free from such 
 odors and It might under such conditions, be as difficult to dispose of as the 
 sludge from either the septic treatment or sedimentation of crude sewage. 
 
 Quantity of Sludge Produced by Sedimentation of Sprinkling Filter Effluents 
 
 at Various Places. 
 
 The quantity of sludge resulting from the sedimentation of sprinkling 
 filter effluents at G-loversville, Lawrence, and Columbus, is given in Table 
 LXXVI. 
 
 TABLE LXXVI. 
 
 Quantity of Sludge produced by Sedimentation of Sprinkling Filter Effluents 
 
 at Various Places. 
 
 
 Period of Sedi- 
 mentation. 
 (Hours.) 
 
 Dry Solids. 
 Lbs. per mil. gal- 
 lons sewage. 
 
 Actual Sludge cu.' 
 yds. per million 
 gals, sewage. 
 
 Sludge calc. to 90 
 per ct. water cu. 
 yds. per mil. 
 gals, sewage. , 
 
 Glovers ville. 
 
 Basn No. 1 
 
 1.5 
 5.6 
 
 2 to 
 6 hrs. 
 
 1.08 
 0.77 
 0.77 
 
 220 
 260 
 
 635 
 652 
 853 
 769 
 
 493 
 318 
 335 
 
 2.25 
 2.97 
 
 90% actual 
 3.4 
 1.5 
 2.0 
 
 123 
 
 Bas n No. 2 
 
 145 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 From Filters Nos. 135-136 
 
 Nos. 233-235.... 
 
 No. 247 
 
 No. 248 
 
 Columbus, Ohio. 
 
 Tank D 
 
 3.55 
 3.64 
 
 4.77 
 4.30 
 
 2.75 
 
 " E 
 
 1.78 
 
 " F 
 
 1.87 
 
 
 
 Much less solid matter was collected in the settling basins at Glovers- 
 ville than at Columbus. This was due in part of course to the smaller quan- 
 tity of suspended matter in the influents at Gloversville. The quantity col- 
 lected at Lawrence was between two and three times as much as at Glov- 
 ersville. 
 
 RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS WITH SAND FILTER NO 1. 
 
 A portion of the effluent from Settling Basin No. 2, was applied to a sand 
 filter five feet in depth. This filter was composed, as already described, of 
 very coarse sand. The sewage was applied at the following net rates per 
 acre per day: 
 
 From September 12 to November 1 300,000 gallons 
 
 November 1 to December 1 363,000 
 
 " December 1 to February 1 550,000 " 
 
 February 1 to April 1 800,000 
 
 " April 1 to July 1 1,000,000 " 
 
 123 
 
During the earlier part of tlie experiment tlie distribution of. the iniluent 
 over the surface of the sand was far from uniform^ On December 22, a sys- 
 tem of zinc troughs was installed, the individual troughs Radiating from_the 
 center of the tank. The influent was fed into a common cylinder located at 
 the center of the tank, with which all of the troughs connected. In this way 
 the influent was distributed comparatively uniformly over the surface of the 
 
 sand. 
 
 Comparatively little trouble was experienced with the clogging of the 
 ■feand, it having been necessary to rake the surface but two or three times 
 during the life of the filter. Nothing was removed from the surface of this 
 filter. The filter was dosed .during a period of about two hours in the fore- 
 noon and three hours in the afternoon on six days in the week. The water 
 applied to the filter at these times of day was found to be as highly polluted 
 as any coming from the settling basin. 
 
 The monthly averages of analyses of influent and efiluent are given in 
 Table LXXVII. The individual analyses upon which this table is based are 
 given in Appendix O. 
 
 It appears from these analyses that there was a gradual increase in the 
 strength of the influent during the few months of operation, during which 
 time also there was a gradual increase in the quantity of water applied to 
 the filters. The effluent on the other hand, did not show a marked increase 
 in the quantity of impurities which it contained, although during March, 
 April and May the organic nitrogen was rather high. In the month of June, 
 however, the organic nitrogen dropped nearly as low as at any time. The 
 analyses indicate that the filter has done its work efficiently even at the high- 
 est rates, the efliuent for the month of June being practically as good as that 
 obtained at any time since the filter was started. 
 
 The purification effected by the filter appears to have been about 60% 
 calculated on the influent as shown from the following figures: 
 
 (Parts per Million) 
 Influent. Effluent. % Removed. 
 
 Organic Nitrogen . 
 Free Ammonia . . . . 
 Oxygen Consumed 
 
 I 3.9 
 
 I 10.5 
 I 21. 
 
 0.96 
 4.4 
 11. 
 
 76 
 58 
 48 
 
 The effluent from this filter was as highly purified as the various pro- 
 cesses employed were capable of. 
 
 Calculated upon the constituents of the crude sewage, it appears that the 
 purification may be conservatively placed at about 90%, as shown from the 
 following figures; page 188. 
 
 124 
 
TABLE LXXVII. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 
 of Intermittent Sand Filter No. 1, Preparatory 
 
 Treatment Received by Influent. 
 
 Sedimentation, Sprinkling Filters, and Secondary Sedimentation. 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 
 
 Influent 
 
 Bflluent 
 
 
 Temper- 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 73 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 X) 
 
 
 
 ature 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 UJ 
 
 1908-1909 
 
 Deg. P. 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 CI 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 oi 
 
 O 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 c;) 
 
 a 
 
 Date 
 
 4.) 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 13 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 0) 
 
 H 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 rt ' 
 
 
 <u 
 
 d) 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 •4-» 
 
 <U 
 
 (1) 
 
 
 3 
 IB 
 
 3 
 
 is 
 
 2S 
 
 be 
 
 >, 
 
 
 to 
 
 o a 
 
 -4-J 
 
 2 
 
 >> 
 
 ibD 
 
 
 t-H 
 
 w 
 
 o 
 
 fe<< 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 
 O 
 
 fe<: 
 
 g 
 
 2; 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 October 
 
 59 
 
 5,^ 
 
 ^.'l 
 
 9 S 
 
 Z{: 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 II. 
 
 3 4 
 
 0.7i. 
 
 U.o 
 
 IV; 
 
 rt 9 
 
 November 
 
 . , 
 
 
 3.1 
 
 12 
 
 21 
 
 . • . 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 7.1 
 
 0.40 
 
 3.C 
 
 11 
 
 8.0 
 
 December 
 
 41 
 
 41 
 
 4.0 
 
 11 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 C5 
 
 5.2 
 
 0.78 
 
 5.1 
 
 11 
 
 8.3 
 
 January 
 
 42 
 44 
 42 
 
 41 
 
 40 
 40 
 
 3.4 
 G.4 
 4.9 
 
 12 
 12 
 11 
 
 25 
 2C 
 22 
 
 S.G'O 
 
 
 5 
 
 88 
 
 2 
 
 4.3 
 4.0 
 G.2 
 
 1.5 
 2.4 
 3.3 
 
 11.0 
 G.7 
 C.4 
 
 11 
 13 
 11 
 
 fi 5 
 
 February 
 
 7 S 
 
 March 
 
 
 1 
 
 9.0 
 
 April 
 
 45 
 51 
 GO 
 
 44 
 50 
 CO 
 
 4.3 
 5.7 
 5.1 
 
 9.0 
 9.1 
 11 
 
 18 
 21 
 22 
 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 C7 
 
 5.2 
 3.C 
 2.7 
 
 3.5 
 3.C 
 
 0.7 
 
 3.0 
 
 4.5 
 
 11.3 
 
 11 
 12 
 10 
 
 9 5 
 
 May 
 
 5.11 
 4.40 
 
 7.9 
 
 June 
 
 3.9 
 
 Weighted Average .... 
 
 51 
 
 48 
 
 3.9 
 
 10.5 
 
 21 
 
 5.0 
 
 90 
 
 4.4 
 
 1.5 
 
 G.4 
 
 11 
 
 8.0 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 Crude Sewage. Effluent. % Removed. 
 
 Organic Nitrogen . 
 Free Ammonia . . . 
 Oxvgen Consumed 
 Suspended Matter 
 
 RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS WITH SAND FILTER NO 2. 
 
 This filter although somewhat smaller in area than No. 1 was composed 
 ot sand of the same quality and size, and was 5 feet in depth. Crude sewage 
 was applied at the rate of 100,000 gallons per acre per day. During the first 
 two months of operation of the filter very little trouble was caused by clog- . 
 ging. After that time, however, it was necessary to rake the surface of the 
 filter at frequent intervals and also to remove more or less of the clogged 
 sand. While this filter produced high nitrification and a fairly good quality 
 of effluent during the few months in which it was operated, it became almost 
 impossible to continue the operation on account of the large accumulation 
 of foreign matters on the surface of the filter, and the almost constant ne- 
 cessity for surface raking and cleaning. The monthly averages of results of 
 the analyses of influent and effluent appear in Table LXXVIII. The individ- 
 ual analyses upon which this table is based are given in Appendix P. 
 
 The oxygen consumed as determined in the effluent indicated a gradual 
 deterioration In quality, as did also the nitrates and free ammonia. 
 
 These Experiments demonstrated that a sand filter was capable of puri- 
 fying sewage of the quality applied but that it was impracticable to use such 
 
 125 
 
a niter without first removing the suspended matter. It was also evident that 
 a rate of 100,000 gallons per acre per day could not be maintained without a 
 reduction in the degree of purification obtained at first. 
 
 TABLE LXXVIII. 
 
 Monthly Averages of Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and Effluent of 
 
 Intermittent Sand Filter No. 2. 
 
 Unsettled Crude Sewage. 
 
 Preparatory Treatment Received by Influent. 
 
 Parts per Million. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Influent 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 IS 
 
 QJ p 
 
 Og 
 
 o 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 Date 
 1908-1909 
 
 o 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 o B 
 
 
 
 
 
 .5 
 '3 
 
 
 a B 
 
 xa 
 
 -t-J 
 
 ■a 
 
 a B 
 
 M CO 
 
 X 
 
 00 
 
 September 
 
 
 22 
 18 
 15 
 13 
 
 17 
 
 '93 
 
 120 
 125 
 124 
 
 115 
 
 X.3 
 
 1.05 
 
 2.20 
 
 0.5C 
 
 0.95 
 
 1 20 
 
 1.3 
 
 0.7C 
 
 4.7 
 
 5.0 
 
 G.l 
 
 7.1 
 
 J . I'o 
 1.25 
 0,7c 
 0.3C 
 0.15 
 0.38 
 
 0.78 
 
 6. it 
 
 2C.0 
 20.0 
 27.0 
 21.0 
 20.0 
 
 21. 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 
 29 
 41 
 42 
 31 
 
 35 
 
 15 
 
 December 
 
 14 
 16 
 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 
 
 1.23 
 
 3.1 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 NUMBER BACTERIA IN SEWAGE AND IN VARIOUS EFFLUENTS. 
 
 The limitations of the work at the experiment station were such that it 
 was not possible to make a prolonged bacterial investigation of the sewage 
 and various effluents. A few demonstrations were made from time to time, 
 however, and give a general idea of the total number of bacteria present in 
 the various influents and effluents. The averages of these results were tabu- 
 lated as follows: 
 
 Number per c. c. 
 
 Crude sewage 1,600,000 
 
 Septic Tank effluent 5,000,000 
 
 Settling Tank effluent 2,000,000 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 1 effluent 300,000 
 
 "2 " 390,000 
 
 "3 " 680,000 
 
 "4 " 900,000 
 
 Settling Basin No. 1 effluent 770,000 
 
 "2 " 1,000,000 
 
 The results of these determinations indicate that there are present in 
 the sewage at all times, a moderate number of bacteria and that the number 
 is increased greatly during its passage through the septic tank. The increase 
 in the settling tank is much less than in tlie septic tank, the number in the 
 effluent not being greatly in excess of the number present in the crude sew- 
 age. The number present in the effluents from the filters increased gradual- 
 ly from 300,000 in the effluent from No. 1 to 900,000 in the effluent from No. 4. 
 
 126 
 
There is a marked increase in tlie number of bacteria in tlie effluents from 
 tlie sliallow filters over those from the deeper ones. There was a marked 
 increase in the number of bacteria during the passage of the water through 
 Settling Basins Nos. 1 and 2, as would be expected, the effluent from basin No. 
 2 containing by far the larger number of bacteria. 
 
 COMPARISON OF CRUDE SEWAGE WITH EFFLUENTS FROM 
 VARIOUS PROCESSES OF PURIFICATION. 
 
 To assist in comparing the quality of the various effluents with that of 
 the crude sewage, Table LXXIX has been prepared, using the averages of all 
 results of the analyses of the sewage and several effluents. 
 
 TABLE LXXIX. 
 
 Quality of Effluents from Various Treatments. 
 
 (Parts per Million) 
 
 O aj 
 
 Crude Sewage 
 
 Settling Tank 
 
 Septic Tank 
 
 Sprnklg. Fil. No. 1. 
 Sprnklg. Fil. No. 2. 
 Sprnklg. Fil. No. 3. 
 Sprnklg. Fil. No. i. 
 Set. Basin No. 1... . 
 Set. Basin No. 2. .. 
 Sand Filter No. 1 . . 
 Sand Filter No. 2 . . 
 
 
 
 EQ 
 
 n 
 
 
 nj 
 
 
 =1 
 
 m - 
 
 
 03 C 
 
 
 X o 
 
 Hb 
 
 oo 
 
 hS 
 
 !2;z 
 
 95 
 
 4uG 
 
 0.3» 
 
 57 
 
 81 
 
 0.32 
 
 58 
 
 100 
 
 0.29 
 
 22 
 
 29 
 
 1.50 
 
 27 
 
 44 
 
 1.30 
 
 28 
 
 37 
 
 1.40 
 
 31 
 
 49 
 
 1.20 
 
 22 
 
 21 
 
 1.45 
 
 24 
 
 21 
 
 1.10 
 
 11 
 
 00 
 
 1.50 
 
 14 
 
 00 
 
 0.78 
 
 0.87 
 0.55 
 0.59 
 4.80 
 3. GO 
 l.GO 
 1.70 
 4.30 
 1.10 
 C.40 
 21.00 
 
 It is interesting to note the gradual improvements in the character of 
 the sewage as it passes from stage to stage in the process of purification. It 
 is also significant that the effluent produced by Sand Filter No. 2, without any 
 preliminary treatment whatever, was nearly as good as that produced by 
 Sand Filter No. 1, preceded by treatment in the tanks, sprinkling filters and 
 settling basins. On the other hand, it must be remembered that the quantity 
 of sewage which can be filtered in this way per unit of area, is very small, 
 and that the labor of maintaining the surface of the filter in suitable condi- 
 tion, would be almost if not quite prohibitive. It is also probable that the 
 severe winter season usual in this vicinity would cause serious difflculty in 
 keeping the filters in operation. 
 
 127 
 
ACKNOWLEDGMENT. 
 
 In closing this report we desire to place on record our sincere appre- 
 ciation of the many courtesies extended to us by the Mayor and members of 
 the City Council, and of the faithful and loyal co-operation of the various as- 
 sistants who have been engaged in the work. Particular mention shoilld be 
 made of the careful work done by Mr. Hommon, who has had immediate 
 charge of the experiments and whose previous experience at similar experi- 
 ment stations at Columbus, Ohio, and Waterbury, Conn., has proven of much 
 value. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 HARRISON P. EDDY, 
 
 Consulting Engineer. 
 
 MORRELL VROOMAN, 
 
 City Engineer. 
 
 128 
 
( 
 
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 1 
 
Appendix A. 
 
 Maximum and Minimum Daily Temperature 
 
 of Air at Gloversville, N. Y. 
 
 for the Months of 
 
 December, January, February and March, 
 
 from 1898 to 1908 inclusive. 
 
 In considering these temperatures, tlie fact must be borne in mind tliat 
 the thermometer was entirely exposed to the weather to correspond with the 
 conditions that would actually obtain in the sewage purification plant when 
 completed, and for this reason the temperatures during warm days when the 
 thermometer Was exposed to the direct rays of the sun would be higher than 
 on warm days when the direct rays of the sun did not shine upon the ther- 
 mometer, and on cold, windy days the effect of the cold wind would be to 
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 134 
 

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 135 
 
Appendix B. 
 
 Quantities of Crude Sewage Delivered 
 
 by Intercepting Sewer,' 
 
 Temperature of Air and Condition of Weather 
 
 from February 1908 to June 1908. 
 

 
 24 lirs. 
 Gals, per 
 
 Temp. Deg. 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Temp. 
 Deg. F. 
 
 a" 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 00 
 
 a 
 
 tH 
 
 a 
 
 ■A 
 
 i 
 
 Weather. 
 
 Feb. ] 
 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 -15 
 
 -30 
 
 22 
 
 , 12 
 
 -7 
 
 -10 
 
 -12 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 30 
 
 35 
 
 40 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 -1 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 19 
 
 -4 
 
 -1 
 
 28 
 
 19 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 20 
 16 
 20 
 -7 
 
 3 
 34 
 12 
 
 1 
 22 
 20 
 35 
 37 
 36 
 45 
 45 
 42 
 24 
 11 
 18 
 22 
 28 
 26 
 19 
 33 
 35 
 39 
 17 
 16 
 11 
 
 25 
 12 
 14. 
 -13 
 
 
 25 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 22 
 18 
 24 
 29 
 33 
 39 
 41 
 38 
 18 
 18 
 18 
 12 
 29 
 17 
 36 
 28 
 
 ■>o 
 
 29 
 24 
 20 
 22 
 
 26 
 28 
 29 
 -2 
 22 
 39 
 13 
 10 
 18 
 38 
 38 
 40 
 37 
 49 
 30 
 18 
 23 
 23 
 29 
 24 
 24 
 33 
 37 
 35 
 40 
 35 
 40 
 25 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 -20 
 
 -15 
 
 -31 
 
 9 
 
 -10 
 
 -15 
 
 -17 
 
 -9 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 29 
 
 34 
 
 -8 
 
 -3 
 
 15 
 
 -1 
 
 8 
 
 -10 
 
 -17 
 
 -10 
 
 -1 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 -13 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 -8 
 
 21 
 14 
 14 
 -12 
 -9 
 27 
 10 
 -1 
 11 
 11 
 21 
 23 
 33 
 40 
 42 
 37 
 21 
 9 
 17 
 17 
 22 
 21 
 15 
 17 
 20 
 32 
 29 
 16 
 13 
 
 Snowing. 
 Snowing. 
 Clear 
 
 
 ' 2 
 
 
 
 ' 3 
 
 
 
 ' 4 
 
 
 Clear 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 
 Snowing 5 p. m. 
 Snowing 8 a. m. 
 Clear 
 
 
 ' 6 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 
 Clear 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 8 a. ni.-12 m. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Snowing. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Snowing. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 
 
 ' 11 
 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 
 
 ■ 13 
 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 
 
 • 15 
 
 ' 16 
 
 ■ 17 
 
 ■ 18 
 
 ' 19 
 
 ' 20 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 23 
 
 ' 24 
 
 25 
 
 ' 26 
 
 27 
 
 5,170,000 
 2,716,000 
 3,976,000 
 2,135,000 
 2,103,000 
 2,0i8,000 
 2.040,000 
 2.169,000 
 2.169,000 
 2.369,000 
 2.403,000 
 2.472,000 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 2,336,000 
 
 Average . . 
 
 2,629,000 
 
 
 J 38 
 

 
 Temp. Deg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 ai . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pahr. at 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 > CQ 
 
 
 
 Date 190t. 
 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 a 
 
 CIS 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 rt 
 
 d 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 rH 
 
 in 
 
 S 
 
 i 
 
 H^ 
 
 
 
 March 1 . . . 
 
 2,040,000 
 
 10 
 
 18 
 
 22 
 
 3Z i!0 
 
 17 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 2... 
 
 2,541,000 
 
 30 
 
 33 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 23 
 
 32 
 
 jRain 8 a. m. and 12 
 
 m. 
 
 3... 
 
 2,472,000 
 
 25 
 
 28 
 
 24 
 
 31 
 
 13 
 
 26 
 
 Snow 12 m.-5 p. m. 
 
 
 4... 
 
 2,437,000 
 
 19 
 
 27 
 
 23 
 
 29 
 
 -1 
 
 23 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 0. . . 
 
 2,201,000 
 
 7 
 
 29 
 
 26 
 
 43 
 
 5 
 
 21 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 6... 
 
 2,201,000 
 
 20 
 
 28 
 
 26 
 
 35 
 
 20 
 
 25 
 
 Snowing at 12 m. 
 
 
 7... 
 
 2,208,000 
 
 35 
 
 33 
 
 30 
 
 49 
 
 29 
 
 33 
 
 ilain at 5 p. m. 
 
 
 8... 
 
 
 30 
 
 28 
 
 25 
 
 40 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 9... 
 
 
 32 
 11 
 
 30 
 22 
 
 28 
 21 
 
 39 
 25 
 
 4 
 7 
 
 30 
 18 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Snowing at 5 p. m. 
 
 
 '• 10... 
 
 
 
 " 11... 
 
 
 23 
 
 49 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 21 
 
 40 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 12... 
 
 
 32 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 55 
 
 21 
 
 42 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 13... 
 
 
 33 
 
 50 
 
 41 
 
 50 
 
 29 
 
 45 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 14... 
 
 
 33 
 
 37 
 
 41 
 
 52 
 
 28 
 
 37 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 15... 
 
 
 32 
 
 32 
 
 23 
 
 48 
 
 20 
 
 29 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 16... 
 
 
 18 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 36 
 
 6 
 
 29 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 17. . . 
 
 3i662!6o6 
 
 28 
 
 36 
 
 30 
 
 28 
 
 18 
 
 20 
 
 Snow 8 a.m. and 12 
 
 m. 
 
 " 18... 
 
 3,044,000 
 
 30 
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 38 
 
 32 
 
 31 
 
 Snow 12 m.-5 p. m. 
 
 
 " 19... 
 
 3,411,000 
 
 37 
 
 34 
 
 27 
 
 36 
 
 7 
 
 33 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 
 " 20... 
 
 3,411,000 
 
 18 
 
 27 
 
 23 
 
 30 
 
 -1 
 
 23 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 21... 
 
 3,156,000 
 
 14 
 
 29 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 13 
 
 31 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 22... 
 
 4,813,000 
 
 33 
 
 44 
 
 40 
 
 44 
 
 28 
 
 39 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 23... 
 
 5,488,000 
 
 33 
 
 46 
 
 40 
 
 52 
 
 23 
 
 40 
 
 Rain at 5 p. m. 
 
 
 " 24... 
 
 
 40 
 
 43 
 
 37 
 
 53 
 
 20 
 
 40 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 25... 
 
 
 15 
 
 23 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 15 
 
 31 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 26... 
 
 6 ! 610 ! 666 
 
 33 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 61 
 
 33 
 
 49 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 27... 
 
 7,543.000 
 
 44 
 
 50 
 
 40 
 
 58 
 
 33 
 
 45 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■■ 28... 
 
 5,215,000 
 
 42 
 
 60 
 
 66 
 
 69 
 
 24 
 
 56 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 29... 
 
 4,671,000 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 38 
 
 60 
 
 22 
 
 40 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 30. . . 
 
 6,085,000 
 
 30 
 
 41 
 
 40 
 
 45 
 
 23 
 
 37 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 31... 
 
 4,306,000 
 
 35 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 44 
 
 29 
 
 37 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 Average . . 
 
 3,845,000 
 
 
 139 
 

 
 Temp. Deg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 Gals, per 
 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Deg 
 
 . F. 
 
 1"" 
 
 a"" 
 
 Weather 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 >< 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 lo 
 
 S 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 aI 
 
 ril 1... 
 
 3,850,000 
 
 31 
 
 40 
 
 04 
 
 09 
 
 zy 
 
 4d 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 2... 
 
 4,058,000 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 
 28 
 
 35 
 
 18 
 
 31 
 
 Snow 12 m.-5 p. 
 
 m. 
 
 
 3.... 
 
 3,704,000 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 
 20 
 
 28 
 
 10 
 
 23 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 4.... 
 
 3,018,000 
 
 14 
 
 20 
 
 44 
 
 49 
 
 31 
 
 26 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 B.... 
 
 3,528,000 
 
 28 
 
 30 
 
 32 
 
 56 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 C... 
 
 5,271,000 
 
 30 
 
 46 
 
 08 
 
 74 
 
 30 
 
 50 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 7.... 
 
 4,0X7,000 
 
 42 
 
 50 
 
 03 
 
 G7 
 
 30 
 
 52 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 - 
 
 8... 
 
 5,708,000 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 23 
 
 34 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 
 9... 
 
 5,439,000 
 
 25 
 
 36 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 21 
 
 39 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 10... 
 
 4,182,000 
 
 34 
 
 48 
 
 51 
 
 57 
 
 35 
 
 44 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 12... 
 
 4,140,000 
 
 4G 
 
 30 
 
 40 
 
 49 
 
 25 
 
 39 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 
 
 ■ 11... 
 
 3,599,000 
 
 42 
 
 48 
 
 50 
 
 39 
 
 27 
 
 47 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 13... 
 
 3,478,000 
 
 33 
 
 43 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 18 
 
 43 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 
 
 ' 14... 
 
 3,499,000 
 
 31 
 
 49 
 
 51 
 
 84 
 
 30 
 
 44 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 15... 
 
 3,107,000 
 
 41 
 
 41 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 18 
 
 42 
 
 Rain 12 m.-5 p. 
 
 m. 
 
 
 ' 16... 
 
 3,498,000 
 
 22 
 
 36 
 
 39 
 
 67 
 
 17 
 
 32 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 *^ 
 
 ' 17... 
 
 2,933,000 
 
 28 
 
 40 
 
 50 
 
 71 
 
 24 
 
 39 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 • 18... 
 
 3,044,000 
 
 36 
 
 52 
 
 46 
 
 57 
 
 21 
 
 45 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 • 19... 
 
 3,044,000 
 
 30 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 48 
 
 23 
 
 37 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 20... 
 
 2,812,000 
 
 28 
 
 39 
 
 33 
 
 45 
 
 ]3 
 
 33 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 21... 
 
 2,610,000 
 
 26 
 
 34 
 
 40 
 
 54 
 
 25 
 
 33 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 22... 
 
 2,800,000 
 
 38 
 
 50 
 
 62 
 
 75 
 
 40 
 
 50 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 • 23... 
 
 2,752,000 
 
 55 
 
 09 
 
 09 
 
 82 
 
 34 
 
 G4 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 24... 
 
 2,787,000 
 
 49 
 
 71 
 
 08 
 
 95 
 
 45 
 
 G3 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ' 2.'>... 
 
 2,752,000 
 
 48 
 
 52 
 
 54 
 
 76 
 
 41 
 
 51 
 
 Rain at 12 m. 
 
 
 
 ' 26... 
 
 2,612,000 
 
 50 
 
 56 
 
 58 
 
 74 
 
 40 
 
 55 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 ■ 27... 
 
 2,860,000 
 
 61 
 
 72 
 
 69 
 
 78 
 
 47 
 
 67 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 • 28... 
 
 2,933,000 
 
 52 
 
 C2 
 
 56 
 
 GG 
 
 31 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 
 * 29... 
 
 2,612,000 
 
 41 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 08 
 
 30 
 
 46 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 
 " 30... 
 
 3,305,000 
 
 37 
 
 32 
 
 51 
 
 58 
 
 31 
 
 40 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 
 Average. . 
 
 3.491,000 
 
 
 140 
 

 
 Temp. Deg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 i-t 
 
 la 
 
 S 
 
 S 
 
 h£ 
 
 
 
 May 1.... 
 
 4,470,0OU 
 
 6i 
 
 3U 
 
 a» 
 
 4S 
 
 28 
 
 3U 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 2.... 
 
 3,335,000 
 
 37 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 55 
 
 28 
 
 44 
 
 Raia 
 
 
 " 3.... 
 
 3,020,000 
 
 39 
 
 42 
 
 40 
 
 CO 
 
 20 
 
 42 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 42 
 40 
 
 52 
 56 
 
 52 
 01 
 
 09 
 80 
 
 24 
 37 
 
 49 
 52 
 
 Clear. 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 5.... 
 
 2,012,000 
 
 
 " 7.... 
 
 2,570,000 
 
 51 
 
 59 
 
 49 
 
 01 
 
 37 
 
 53 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 8 
 
 3,860,000 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 48 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 " 9.... 
 
 4,140,000 
 
 43 
 
 55 
 
 50 
 
 57 
 
 42 
 
 49 
 
 Rain at 5 p. m. 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 3,383,000 
 
 42 
 
 45 
 
 43 
 
 57 
 
 34 
 
 43 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 11.... 
 
 2,012,000 
 
 53 
 
 64 
 
 70 
 
 bV 
 
 34 
 
 G2 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 12.... 
 
 2,998,000 
 
 53 
 
 64 
 
 70 
 
 80 
 
 52 
 
 02 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 12.... 
 
 2,823,000 
 
 58 
 
 76 
 
 72 
 
 85 
 
 49 
 
 69 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 14.... 
 
 2,710,000 
 
 53 
 
 59 
 
 CO 
 
 69 
 
 44 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 15.... 
 
 3,258,000 
 
 44 
 
 50 
 
 56 
 
 72 
 
 37 
 
 50 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m. 
 
 
 " 16.... 
 
 2,800,000 
 
 50 
 
 59 
 
 54 
 
 CO 
 
 39 
 
 54 
 
 Rain at 5 p. m. 
 
 
 " 17.... 
 
 
 55 
 
 07 
 
 65 
 
 95 
 
 39 
 
 02 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 18.... 
 
 
 50 
 
 64 
 
 70 
 
 98 
 
 40 
 
 61 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 56 
 
 70 
 
 73 
 
 110 
 
 40 
 
 06 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 20 
 
 
 52 
 
 68 
 
 08 
 
 80 
 
 42 
 
 63 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 
 55 
 01 
 
 67 
 
 09 
 
 64 
 65 
 
 C7 
 71 
 
 53 
 CO 
 
 C2 
 05 
 
 Rain at 8 a. m.-5 p 
 Rain at 5 p. m. 
 
 m. 
 
 " 21 
 
 
 
 " 22 
 
 
 66 
 65 
 62 
 
 69 
 79 
 68 
 
 66 
 
 77 
 66 
 
 72 
 95 
 93 
 
 58 
 44 
 44 
 
 G7 
 74 
 G5 
 
 Rain. 
 Clear. 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 2S 
 
 
 
 " 24 
 
 
 
 " za 
 
 
 60 
 75 
 67 
 
 79 
 80 
 
 77 
 
 78 
 78 
 73 
 
 111 
 91 
 91 
 
 53 
 
 57 
 50 
 
 72 
 78 
 72 
 
 Clear. 
 Clear. 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 26 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 
 64 
 
 81 
 
 81 
 
 118 
 
 56 
 
 75 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " ?<) 
 
 
 CO 
 
 78 
 
 63 
 
 92 
 
 58 
 
 67 
 
 Rain at 5 p. m. 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 2,576,000 
 
 64 
 
 73 
 
 68 
 
 58 
 
 73 
 
 C8 
 
 Wain at 12 m.-5 p. 
 
 m. 
 
 " 31 ... . 
 
 2,680,000 
 
 64 
 
 72 
 
 ce 
 
 52 
 
 75 
 
 67 
 
 Rain at 5 p. m. 
 
 
 Averaffp . 
 
 3,121.000 
 
 
 Ill 
 

 
 Temp. Deg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 <v . 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 Gals, per 
 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 ^1 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 
 ■d 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1908. 
 
 24 hrs. 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 t? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 oi 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 s 
 
 ^a 
 
 
 
 June 1 
 
 2,506,000 
 
 40 
 
 bU 
 
 oz 
 
 ua 
 
 07 
 
 43 
 
 50 
 
 Eain at 12 m.-5 p. 
 
 m. 
 
 2 
 
 2,136,000 
 
 37 
 
 57 
 
 60 
 
 64 
 
 66 
 
 34 
 
 55 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 3.... 
 
 2,040,000 
 
 57 
 
 40 
 
 64 
 
 05 
 
 68 
 
 52 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 4.... 
 
 2,201,000 
 
 40 
 
 50 
 
 72 
 
 70 
 
 74 
 
 44 
 
 61 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 5.... 
 
 2,235,000 
 
 48 
 
 45 
 
 71 
 
 72 
 
 81 
 
 47 
 
 59 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 6.... 
 
 2,300,000 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 70 
 
 73 
 
 83 
 
 48 
 
 61 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 7.... 
 
 2,437,000 
 
 52 
 
 50 
 
 76 
 
 78 
 
 91 
 
 53 
 
 64 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 8.... 
 
 2,576,000 
 
 58 
 
 50 
 
 80 
 
 82 
 
 85 
 
 58 
 
 69 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 9.... 
 
 2,541,000 
 
 58 
 
 02 
 
 84 
 
 72 
 
 88 
 
 45 
 
 09 
 
 Rain at 6 p. m.-12 mid 
 
 " 10.... 
 
 2,437,000 
 
 47 
 
 00 
 
 70 
 
 64 
 
 88 
 
 45 
 
 60 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 11 
 
 
 48 
 48 
 
 56 
 47 
 
 69 
 
 72 
 
 66 
 72 
 
 90 
 74 
 
 44 
 47 
 
 58 
 60 
 
 Clear. 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■ 12.... 
 
 
 
 " 13.... 
 
 
 46 
 
 49 
 
 75 
 
 76 
 
 75 
 
 56 
 
 62 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 14 
 
 2!032i666 
 
 48 
 
 50 
 
 70 
 
 62 
 
 84 
 
 56 
 
 58 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 • 15.... 
 
 2,640,000 
 
 50 
 
 62 
 
 63 
 
 53 
 
 72 
 
 60 
 
 57 
 
 Radn at 6 a. m. 
 
 
 16 
 
 
 44 
 46 
 
 52 
 69 
 
 60 
 64 
 
 60 
 45 
 
 67 
 68 
 
 12 
 
 20 
 
 54 
 50 
 
 Clear. 
 Clear. 
 
 
 17 
 
 ......... 
 
 
 " 18... 
 
 
 52 
 
 40 
 
 71 
 
 76 
 
 80 
 
 40 
 
 61 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■' 19.... 
 
 2,6i2io66 
 
 68 
 
 54 
 
 80 
 
 82 
 
 85 
 
 66 
 
 71 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 20.... 
 
 2,576,000 
 
 64 
 
 58 
 
 82 
 
 78 
 
 71 
 
 56 
 
 71 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■• 21.... 
 
 
 50 
 
 66 
 
 78 
 
 80 
 
 78 
 
 03 
 
 69 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 22 
 
 
 56 
 
 03 
 
 73 
 
 76 
 
 80 
 
 58 
 
 67 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 23 
 
 
 68 
 60 
 48 
 
 58 
 66 
 58 
 
 80 
 85 
 
 70 
 
 76 
 70 
 72 
 
 82 
 88 
 98 
 
 60 
 50 
 45 
 
 71 
 70 
 62 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain at 12 mli. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 24.... 
 
 
 
 " 25.... 
 
 
 
 " 26.... 
 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 71 
 
 74 
 
 99 
 
 49 
 
 62 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 27... 
 
 2 i 136 ,666 
 
 52 
 
 52 
 
 76 
 
 78 
 
 80 
 
 50 
 
 60 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 28... 
 
 1,849,000 
 
 56 
 
 54 
 
 72 
 
 80 
 
 80 
 
 50 
 
 66 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 29.... 
 
 2,169,000 
 
 60 
 
 56 
 
 70 
 
 76 
 
 79 
 
 60 
 
 66 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 30.... 
 
 2,103,000 
 
 50 
 
 04 
 
 73 
 
 68 
 
 72 
 
 48 
 
 64 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 Average . 
 
 2,341,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 142 
 

 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Temp. Deg. 
 Pahr. at 
 
 Temp. 
 Deg. F. 
 
 > t 
 p. 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 .•2 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 CO 
 
 
 a 
 
 Weather. 
 
 July 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 " 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 6 
 
 " 7 
 
 ■' 8 
 
 " 9. . . . 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 17 
 
 :i, 040, 000 
 2,403,000 
 2,201,000 
 1,912,000 
 1,607,000 
 2,235,000 
 2,302,000 
 2,335,000 
 2,369,000 
 2,285,000 
 2,13G,000 
 1,758,000 
 2,175,000 
 2,268,000 
 2,040,000 
 1,704,000 
 
 60 
 GO 
 61 
 58 
 59 
 63 
 67 
 46 
 49 
 56 
 57 
 58 
 60 
 54 
 50 
 52 
 58 
 G3 
 58 
 GO 
 66 
 63 
 72 
 68 
 G4 
 GO 
 G2 
 73 
 04 
 64 
 67 
 
 52 
 60 
 60 
 
 GG 
 58 
 65 
 56 
 48 
 50 
 55 
 57 
 60 
 OG 
 56 
 47 
 50 
 63 
 70 
 57 
 61 
 66 
 62 
 69 
 64 
 62 
 GO 
 GO 
 68 
 G4 
 C6 
 
 78 
 72 
 78 
 82 
 80 
 86 
 62 
 70 
 75 
 77 
 77 
 76 
 72 
 67 
 50 
 65 
 68 
 71 
 66 
 78 
 72 
 78 
 75 
 67 
 72 
 77 
 81 
 80 
 82 
 83 
 
 76 
 74 
 70 
 68 
 78 
 84 
 72 
 62 
 71 
 76 
 77 
 78 
 78 
 70 
 62 
 70 
 72 
 75 
 68 
 76 
 72 
 80 
 80 
 80 
 80 
 79 
 82 
 79 
 86 
 88 
 8G 
 
 85 
 82 
 78 
 82 
 83 
 85 
 84 
 87 
 74 
 80 
 83 
 80 
 79 
 75 
 67 
 71 
 74 
 75 
 76 
 78 
 78 
 79 
 81 
 79 
 GG 
 76 
 81 
 83 
 84 
 86 
 85 
 
 GO 
 58 
 65 
 66 
 57 
 G2 
 52 
 43 
 50 
 54 
 65 
 64 
 64 
 52 
 50 
 50 
 60 
 58 
 56 
 62 
 03 
 59 
 G4 
 G2 
 52 
 54 
 57 
 65 
 61 
 63 
 61 
 
 G5 
 68 
 66 
 68 
 71 
 71 
 73 
 57 
 60 
 64 
 67 
 68 
 69 
 GG 
 59 
 55 
 61 
 67 
 67 
 65 
 69 
 70 
 73 
 73 
 69 
 68 
 70 
 73 
 75 
 75 
 76 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain G p. m.-12 mid. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain G p. m.-mid. Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain at 12 m. Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain at 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain at 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain at 12 mid. Clear 
 
 Rain 6 a.m.-12 m. Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 18 
 
 
 '■ 19 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 24 
 
 " zn 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 " 31 
 
 1,849,000 
 2,235,000 
 2,136,000 
 2,110,000 
 1,975,000 
 1,912,000 
 2,051,000 
 1,607,000 
 2,136,000 
 2,110,000 
 2,072,000 
 2,040,000 
 2,102,000 
 
 Average . . 
 
 2 075 000 
 
 
 
 143 
 

 
 
 Fahr. at 1 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 
 
 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Temp. Deg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 > t 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 «' 
 
 fl 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 
 
 rt 
 
 
 p, 
 
 
 
 m ^1 
 
 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 o 
 
 
 o 
 
 B 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 Aug. 1 
 
 1,912,000 
 
 58 
 
 01 
 
 70 
 
 79 
 
 77 
 
 52 
 
 07 
 
 Clear. 
 
 2 
 
 1,507,000 
 
 fiO 
 
 00 
 
 72 
 
 7 b 
 
 76 
 
 47 
 
 OV 
 
 Clear. 
 
 3 
 
 1,912,000 
 
 64 
 
 64 
 
 72 
 
 76 
 
 70 
 
 60 
 
 69 
 
 Clear. 
 
 4.... 
 
 2.008,000 
 
 70 
 
 66 
 
 77 
 
 84 
 
 84 
 
 05 
 
 72 
 
 Clear. 
 
 5 
 
 2,109,000 
 
 09 
 
 68 
 
 i 
 
 78 
 
 76 
 
 02 
 
 72 
 
 jiain. 
 
 6.... 
 
 2,136,000 
 
 76 
 
 68 
 
 77 
 
 79 
 
 79 
 
 62 
 
 75 
 
 ilain 12 mid. 
 
 7.... 
 
 2,268,000 
 
 60 
 
 64 
 
 06 
 
 72 
 
 73 
 
 5b 
 
 65 
 
 xlain. 
 
 8 
 
 1,847,000 
 
 58 
 
 60 
 
 73 
 
 75 
 
 77 
 
 52 
 
 66 
 
 Clear. 
 
 9 
 
 1,607,000 
 
 62 
 
 50 
 
 71 
 
 73 
 
 73 
 
 52 
 
 65 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 10.... 
 
 2,136,000 
 
 60 
 
 58 
 
 72 
 
 72 
 
 75 
 
 54 
 
 07 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 " 11.... 
 
 
 59 
 
 59 
 
 75 
 
 73 
 
 78 
 
 57 
 
 66 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 12 
 
 
 70 
 
 60 
 
 77 
 
 79 
 
 79 
 
 02 
 
 71 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 13 
 
 
 70 
 
 70 
 
 83 
 
 78 
 
 83 
 
 66 
 
 75 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 14.... 
 
 
 64 
 
 68 
 
 86 
 
 80 
 
 78 
 
 62 
 
 72 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 15 
 
 
 58 
 OS 
 
 04 
 
 52 
 
 72 
 
 72 
 
 66 
 70 
 
 75 
 74 
 
 49 
 02 
 
 62 
 67 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 16.... 
 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 " 17 
 
 
 69 
 
 02 
 
 71 
 
 09 
 
 75 
 
 58 
 
 68 
 
 Rain. 
 
 " 18.... 
 
 
 62 
 
 62 
 
 67 
 
 60 
 
 68 
 
 47 
 
 63 
 
 Clear. 
 
 • 19..,. 
 
 
 54 
 
 54 
 
 68 
 
 62 
 
 07 
 
 45 
 
 59 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 " 20.... 
 
 
 56 
 
 40 
 
 63 
 
 04 
 
 65 
 
 42 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 21.... 
 
 
 56 
 
 46 
 
 67 
 
 67 
 
 72 
 
 54 
 
 59 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 22.... 
 
 
 6i; 
 
 58 
 
 60 
 
 72 
 
 74 
 
 53 
 
 65 
 
 Rain 6 a. m.-12 noon. 
 
 " 23.... 
 
 
 4S 
 
 56 
 
 66 
 
 62 
 
 67 
 
 43 
 
 58 
 
 Clear. 
 
 ' 24.... 
 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 64 
 
 06 
 
 67 
 
 42 
 
 50 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 25.... 
 
 
 58 
 
 56 
 
 05 
 
 66 
 
 69 
 
 43 
 
 01 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 2G.... 
 
 
 50 
 
 57 
 
 63 
 
 63 
 
 65 
 
 42 
 
 58 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 27.... 
 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 63 
 
 06 
 
 08 
 
 43 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 28.... 
 
 
 52 
 
 44 
 
 62 
 
 68 
 
 68 
 
 45 
 
 56 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 29.... 
 
 
 54 
 
 48 
 
 62 
 
 71 
 
 71 
 
 43 
 
 59 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 30.... 
 
 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 73 
 
 72 
 
 77 
 
 42 
 
 65 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 31^... 
 
 
 58 
 
 53 
 
 74 
 
 74 
 
 80 
 
 43 
 
 65 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Average. 
 
 1 956 000 
 
 . . 
 
 
 144 
 

 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Temp. Deg. 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Temp. 
 Deg. F. 
 
 ai . 
 > 2 
 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 •a 
 
 a 
 
 1-i 
 
 d 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 Weather. 
 
 Sept. 1 
 
 
 UO 
 5G 
 43 
 52 
 59 
 58 
 40 
 5G 
 5G 
 5G 
 02 
 58 
 59 
 49 
 40 
 50 
 53 
 50 
 40 
 4G 
 59 
 58 
 58 
 58 
 CO 
 G3 
 53 
 49 
 32 
 39 
 
 58 
 G2 
 54 
 41 
 47 
 GO 
 50 
 4G 
 50 
 51 
 53 
 58 
 54 
 49 
 38 
 3G 
 4G 
 43 
 40 
 37 
 42 
 54 
 51 
 50 
 53 
 54 
 GO 
 59 
 40 
 31 
 
 76 
 G9 
 02 
 GO 
 C9 
 08 
 G5 
 03 
 GO 
 G8 
 70 
 70 
 G2 
 03 
 01 
 GO 
 67 
 G7 
 05 
 07 
 G7 
 70 
 08 
 73 
 73 
 70 
 71 
 70 
 54 
 54 
 
 7U 
 77 
 G9 
 08 
 G8 
 G4 
 GO 
 05 
 05 
 04 
 70 
 09 
 72 
 02 
 58 
 G2 
 05 
 00 
 55 
 58 
 G3 
 04 
 G4 
 70 
 07 
 04 
 70 
 GG 
 47 
 53 
 
 Si 
 71 
 70 
 79 
 73 
 74 
 70 
 CO 
 77 
 79 
 70 
 74 
 75 
 75 
 G8 
 77 
 75 
 73 
 70 
 73 
 71 
 74 
 73 
 80 
 81 
 75 
 73 
 73 
 55 
 58 
 
 4U 
 
 41 
 
 41 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 50 
 
 43 
 
 45 
 
 41 
 
 40 
 
 45 
 
 41 
 
 44 
 
 49 
 
 33 
 
 43 
 
 49 
 
 43 
 
 33 
 
 3V 
 
 3G 
 
 31 
 
 43 
 
 54 
 
 5G 
 
 57 
 
 55 
 
 47 
 
 35 
 
 44 
 
 GG 
 57 
 55 
 01 
 03 
 55 
 57 
 59 
 59 
 G5 
 04 
 02 
 5G 
 49 
 52 
 57 
 55 
 50 
 52 
 57 
 01 
 GO 
 G8 
 03 
 02 
 03 
 01 
 45 
 44 
 
 Clear. 
 
 nain 6 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 £tam 6 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 itam. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 2 
 
 
 a. m.-12 Mid. 
 
 " 3 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 " 5 
 
 
 
 G 
 
 
 p. m. 
 
 " 7 
 
 
 
 " 8 . . . . 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 •■~ 10 
 
 
 
 " 11 ... . 
 
 
 
 " 12 
 
 
 
 " 13 
 
 
 
 " 14 
 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 
 
 " 16 
 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 
 
 " 18 
 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 
 " 20 . . 
 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 
 
 "22 
 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 
 
 " 24 
 
 ." 25 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 1,944,000 
 1,912,000 
 1,788,000 
 1,435,000 
 2,185,000 
 2,072,000 
 1,784,000 
 
 
 Average.. 
 
 1,874,000 
 
 
 •■ 
 
 
 145 
 

 
 Temp. Deg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 
 
 ^^^^ 
 
 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Fahr. at 
 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 > t/1 
 
 Weather 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 a 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 y. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 C3 
 
 
 
 
 
 S t- 
 
 
 
 
 
 1-i 
 
 O 
 
 iH 
 
 to 
 
 S 
 
 s 
 
 H£ 
 
 
 
 Oct. 1 
 
 2,206,000 
 
 44 
 
 40 
 
 62 
 
 02 
 
 Ob 
 
 48 
 
 bO 
 
 Rain 6 p. m.-12 
 
 m. 
 
 2 
 
 2,090,000 
 
 34 
 
 42 
 
 47 
 
 39 
 
 6b 
 
 31 
 
 41 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 3 
 
 1,872,000 
 
 36 
 
 34 
 
 51 
 
 45 
 
 56 
 
 36 
 
 42 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 4 
 
 1,519,000 
 
 39 
 
 34 
 
 58 
 
 56 
 
 60 
 
 34 
 
 47 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 5 
 
 1,940,000 
 
 40 
 
 34 
 
 52 
 
 48 
 
 54 
 
 38 
 
 44 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 6 
 
 1,876,000 
 
 40 
 
 34 
 
 56 
 
 50 
 
 62 
 
 35 
 
 45 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 7 
 
 1,865,000 
 
 44 
 
 34 
 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 62 
 
 41 
 
 47 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 8 
 
 1,917,000 
 
 54 
 
 42 
 
 60 
 
 62 
 
 62 
 
 42 
 
 54 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 9 
 
 1,950,000 
 
 47 
 
 52 
 
 58 
 
 51 
 
 62 
 
 45 
 
 52 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 1,840,000 
 
 54 
 
 32 
 
 50 
 
 5G 
 
 58 
 
 32 
 
 48 
 
 Raia 12 mid. 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 1,770,000 
 
 42 
 
 54 
 
 60 
 
 54 
 
 56 
 
 36 
 
 53 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 12 
 
 1,922,000 
 
 31 
 
 38 
 
 48 
 
 38 
 
 58 
 
 36 
 
 59 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 13 
 
 1,940,000 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 
 49 
 
 42 
 
 50 
 
 24 
 
 36 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 14 
 
 2,017,000 
 
 45 
 
 30 
 
 54 
 
 53 
 
 56 
 
 30 
 
 46 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 2,071,000 
 
 47 
 
 42 
 
 62 
 
 5G 
 
 62 
 
 34 
 
 52 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■' 16 
 
 2,071,000 
 
 48 
 
 40 
 
 68 
 
 G6 
 
 66 
 
 42 
 
 56 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 1,980,000 
 
 49 
 
 45 
 
 64 
 
 58 
 
 71 
 
 45 
 
 54 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 18 
 
 1,710,000 
 
 48 
 
 44 
 
 66 
 
 57 
 
 70 
 
 44 
 
 54 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 2,111,000 
 
 42 
 
 57 
 
 GO 
 
 45 
 
 71 
 
 50 
 
 51 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 20 
 
 1,974,000 
 
 28 
 
 3G 
 
 50 
 
 37 
 
 09 
 
 31 
 
 38 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 1,926,000 
 
 32 
 
 25 
 
 48 
 
 41 
 
 50 
 
 24 
 
 37 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 22 
 
 1,966,000 
 
 37 
 
 27 
 
 50 
 
 44 
 
 53 
 
 28 
 
 37 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 2,146,000 
 
 56 
 
 32 
 
 62 
 
 52 
 
 56 
 
 30 
 
 51 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 24 
 
 2,240,000 
 
 G4 
 
 58 
 
 64 
 
 64 
 
 04 
 
 38 
 
 03 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 25 
 
 1,800,000 
 
 62 
 
 62 
 
 64 
 
 65 
 
 66 
 
 60 
 
 63 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 26 
 
 2,434,000 
 
 58 
 
 60 
 
 56 
 
 58 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 Rain 12 m.-6 p. 
 
 m. 
 
 " 27 
 
 1,920,000 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 61 
 
 56 
 
 54 
 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 2,419,000 
 
 51 
 
 56 
 
 52 
 
 52 
 
 61 
 
 44 
 
 53 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 2,069,000 
 
 52 
 
 51 
 
 54 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 46 
 
 53 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 1,988,000 
 
 32 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 36 
 
 55 
 
 45 
 
 40 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 " 31 
 
 1,830,000 
 
 3G 
 
 29 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 52 
 
 24 
 
 34 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 Average . . 
 
 1,977,000 
 
 
 146 
 

 Gals, per 
 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Temp. ues. 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Temp. 
 Deg. F. 
 
 0) . 
 > 'P 
 
 <Z 
 
 c 
 0^ ■■-. 
 
 30 
 32 
 41 
 39 
 27 
 31 
 36 
 37 
 41 
 38 
 43 
 32 
 32 
 38 
 35 
 36 
 32 
 35 
 39 
 39 
 35 
 35 
 39 
 44 
 52 
 54 
 44 
 39 
 38 
 39 
 
 " 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 2 
 
 -71 
 
 a 
 
 rH 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 Weather. 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 ■' 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 6 
 
 " 7 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 20. . . . 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 26 
 
 ■■ 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 1,410,000 
 1,871,000 
 1,800,000 
 1,894,000 
 1,916,000 
 1,897,000 
 1,860,000 
 1,594,000 
 1,923,000 
 1,883,000 
 2,016,000 
 1,824,000 
 1,824,000 
 1,811,000 
 1,583,000 
 1,925,000 
 1,886,000 
 2,053,000 
 1,846,000 
 1,861.000 
 1,855,000 
 1,520,000 
 1,890,000 
 1,870,000 
 1,766,000 
 1,549,000 
 1', 900, 000 
 1,827,000 
 1,529,000 
 1,882,000 
 
 32 
 28 
 40 
 46 
 24 
 29 
 36 
 34 
 36 
 32 
 43 
 36 
 32 
 38 
 42 
 30 
 32 
 28 
 38 
 40 
 32 
 30 
 35 
 36 
 48 
 52 
 52 
 36 
 38 
 35 
 
 28 
 2'^ 
 41 
 52 
 23 
 30 
 30 
 36 
 32 
 30 
 44 
 34 
 32 
 34 
 36 
 40 
 32 
 36 
 39 
 39 
 32 
 30 
 32 
 38 
 50 
 50 
 44 
 38 
 38 
 38 
 
 32 
 40 
 45 
 33 
 32 
 30 
 32 
 36 
 50 
 42 
 42 
 28 
 32 
 38 
 32 
 38 
 31 
 30 
 36 
 36 
 42 
 42 
 44 
 54 
 53 
 57 
 43 
 34 
 38 
 38 
 
 29 
 39 
 40 
 25 
 28 
 34 
 40 
 42 
 48 
 48 
 45 
 30 
 34 
 44 
 32 
 36 
 32 
 46 
 45 
 42 
 34 
 39 
 44 
 48 
 57 
 56 
 39 
 39 
 37 
 46 
 
 36 
 34 
 40 
 52 
 35 
 30 
 33 
 38 
 43 
 56 
 47 
 43 
 32 
 33 
 38 
 32 
 42 
 33 
 32 
 34 
 36 
 53 
 56 
 54 
 08 
 ■54 
 56 
 58 
 40 
 44 
 
 18 
 23 
 34 
 15 
 21 
 28 
 30 
 26 
 24 
 39 
 25 
 25 
 28 
 24 
 20 
 22 
 17 
 26 
 29 
 15 
 17 
 20 
 28 
 32 
 46 
 38 
 31 
 30 
 24 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 6 a. m.-12 m. 
 
 Rain 6 a. m.- 12 m. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 Rain. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 dear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Average. . 
 
 1,812,000 
 
 
 147 
 

 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Temp. Deg. 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Temp. 
 Deg. P. 
 
 a; . 
 
 a- 
 h5 
 
 
 Date 1908. 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 Weather. 
 
 D 
 
 ec. 1 
 
 • 2 
 
 ' 3 
 
 ' 4 
 
 5 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ■ 8'.'.'.'.'. 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 10 
 
 • 11 
 
 ' 12 
 
 ■ 13 
 
 ■ 14 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ■ 10 
 
 ' 17 
 
 • 18 
 
 ' 19 
 
 ' 20 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ■ 23 
 
 • 24 
 
 ■ 25 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ' 27 
 
 ' 28.... 
 
 ' 29 
 
 • 30 
 
 ■ 31 
 
 1,853,000 
 1,802,000 
 1,925,000 
 2,016,000 
 2,025,000 
 1,699,000 
 2,536,000 
 2,083,000 
 2,004,000 
 2,065,000 
 2,108,000 
 2,059,000 
 1,704,000 
 2,023,000 
 2,134,000 
 1,971,000 
 1,931,000 
 2,027,000 
 1,987,000 
 1,684,000 
 2,004,000 
 1,893,000 
 2,025,000 
 2,040,000 
 1,675,000 
 1,931,000 
 1,594,000 
 1,980,000 
 1,970,000 
 1,916,000 
 1,990,000 
 
 42 
 28 
 18 
 19 
 34 
 
 8 
 18 
 24 
 28 
 -2 
 
 
 26 
 20 
 20 
 28 
 27 
 24 
 12 
 12 
 21 
 18 
 22 
 
 2 
 
 
 26 
 30 
 22 
 26 
 14 
 
 6 
 36 
 
 50 
 22 
 18 
 20 
 34 
 -9 
 26 
 20 
 30 
 -10 
 
 6 
 28 
 12 
 16 
 30 
 26 
 12 
 12 
 14 
 21 
 20 
 
 
 -2 
 
 
 20 
 26- 
 22 
 22 
 15 
 14 
 30 
 
 50 
 18 
 18 
 26 
 20 
 20 
 34 
 24 
 22 
 12 
 18 
 30 
 28 
 33 
 38 
 34 
 24 
 20 
 22 
 26 
 30 
 20 
 14 
 20 
 36 
 28 
 36 
 24 
 34 
 22 
 26 
 
 48 
 22 
 24 
 38 
 18 
 12 
 28 
 30 
 12 
 6 
 18 
 22 
 20 
 25 
 32 
 26 
 15 
 15 
 22 
 20 
 24 
 8 
 4 
 18 
 30 
 24 
 28 
 20 
 16 
 30 
 20 
 
 54 
 50 
 20 
 28 
 29 
 24 
 31 
 34 
 28 
 24 
 17 
 30 
 30 
 34 
 46 
 40 
 34 
 26 
 28 
 32 
 31 
 32 
 26 
 26 
 37 
 36 
 36 
 44 
 34 
 38 
 36 
 
 3o 
 15 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 16 
 -10 
 -6 
 20 
 20 
 -12 
 -2 
 18 
 10 
 16 
 25 
 20 
 14 
 12 
 
 6 
 20 
 20 
 
 2 
 -6 
 
 
 17 
 27 
 16 
 20 
 15 
 
 6 
 22 
 
 48 
 23 
 20 
 26 
 27 
 
 7.7 
 27 
 25 
 23 
 
 1.5 
 11 
 27 
 20 
 24 
 32 
 28 
 19 
 15 
 18 
 22 
 23 
 14 
 
 4.5 
 
 9.5 
 30 
 27 
 27 
 23 
 20 
 18 
 28 
 
 Slight rain 12 m. 
 
 Snow 6 a. m.-12 m. 
 
 Snow 6 p. m.-12 mid. 
 
 Snow 6 p. m.-12 mid. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 S. 12 mid., R. 6 p. m.- 
 
 Clear. [Noon. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Snow 12 mid.-6 a. m. 
 
 Snow 12 noon-6 p. m. 
 
 Snow 12 mid. 
 
 Snow 12 mid. 
 
 Rain 6 a. m. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 S'w 6 p. m., 12-6 a. m. 
 
 Snow 12 noon-G p. m. 
 
 Snow 6 a. m.-12 noon. 
 
 Snow 6 a. m.-12 noon. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Snow 12 mid.-6 a. m. 
 
 Snow 6 a. m. 
 
 Snow 12 mid.-12 noon. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Snow 12 noon. 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 Average . . 
 
 1,959,000 
 
 
 148 
 

 
 Temp. Deg. | 
 
 Temp. 
 
 
 
 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 
 Fahv. at | 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 
 
 Date 1909. 
 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 B 
 
 >< 
 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 o, 
 
 ca 
 
 
 § u 
 
 
 
 
 y-t 
 
 o 
 
 tH 
 
 CO 
 
 S 
 
 S 
 
 HS 
 
 
 Jan. 1 
 
 1,674,000 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 22 
 
 
 22 
 
 8 
 
 17 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 2 
 
 1,820,000 
 
 
 * • • 
 
 20 
 
 8 
 
 22 
 
 -6 
 
 14 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 3 
 
 1,602,000 
 
 io 
 
 15 
 
 35 
 
 30 
 
 34 
 
 7- 
 
 23 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 4 
 
 1,904,000 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 38 
 
 35 
 
 38 
 
 30 
 
 34 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 5 
 
 2,638,000 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 38 
 
 30 
 
 40 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 
 Rain. 
 
 " 6 
 
 2,749,000 
 
 36 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 14 
 
 40 
 
 30 
 
 29 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 7 
 
 2,380,000 
 
 4 
 
 -2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 30 
 
 -2 
 
 2 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 8 
 
 2,773,000 
 
 
 
 -6 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 -6 
 
 4 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 9 
 
 2,168,000 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 30 
 
 26 
 
 31 
 
 6 
 
 19 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 10 
 
 1,780,000 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 36 
 
 31 
 
 36 
 
 26 
 
 30 
 
 Snow 12 mid. Clear. 
 
 ■' 11 
 
 2,139,000 
 
 30 
 
 32 
 
 32 
 
 22 
 
 36 
 
 30 
 
 29 
 
 Snow melting. Clear. 
 
 " 12 
 
 2,022,000 
 
 20 
 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 32 
 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 Rain. 
 
 " 13 
 
 2,106,000 
 
 -10 
 
 -2 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 16 
 
 -12 
 
 1 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 14 
 
 2.184,000 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 20 
 
 26 
 
 20 
 
 6 
 
 16 
 
 Rain and snow. 
 
 " 15 
 
 2,049,000 
 
 28 
 
 30 
 
 33 
 
 15 
 
 33 
 
 20 
 
 27 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 16 
 
 2,055,000 
 
 -6 
 
 -8 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 -8 
 
 -3 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 17 
 
 1,802,000 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 18 
 
 0- 
 
 13 
 
 Snow. 
 
 " 18 
 
 2,144,000 
 
 20 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 -12 
 
 27 
 
 -12 
 
 8 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 19 
 
 2,268,000 
 
 -26 
 
 -20 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 -26 
 
 -8 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 20 
 
 2,234,000 
 
 10 
 
 ■24 
 
 30 
 
 22 
 
 30 
 
 4 
 
 22 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 21 
 
 2,133,000 
 
 8 
 
 14 
 
 34 
 
 32 
 
 35 
 
 10 
 
 22 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 22 
 
 2,212,000 
 
 28 
 
 26 
 
 38 
 
 33 
 
 40 
 
 24 
 
 31 
 
 Snow melting. 
 
 " 23 
 
 2,319,000 
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 46 
 
 35 
 
 54 
 
 28 
 
 35 
 
 Snow melting. 
 
 " 24 
 
 2,681,000 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 38 
 
 30 
 
 48 
 
 33 
 
 34 
 
 Rain. 
 
 " 25 
 
 3,049,000 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 33 
 
 30 
 
 38 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 Rain 12 mid. Clear. 
 
 '■ 26 
 
 2,652,000 
 
 30 
 
 ?,?, 
 
 27 
 
 22 
 
 33 
 
 22 
 
 25 
 
 Snow melting. Clear. 
 
 " 27 
 
 2,476,000 
 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 34 
 
 28 
 
 34 
 
 9 
 
 22 
 
 Snow 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 " 28 
 
 2,323,000 
 
 24 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 36 
 
 6 
 
 15 
 
 Clear. 
 
 ■■ 29 
 
 2,740,000 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 10 
 
 24 
 
 -2 
 
 10 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 30 
 
 2 213 000 
 
 18 
 
 18 
 
 36 
 
 16 
 
 36 
 
 16 
 
 22 
 
 Snow 6 p. m.-12 mid. 
 
 " 31 
 
 1,841,000 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 -6 
 
 36 
 
 -6 
 
 6 
 
 Clear. [Clear. 
 
 Average. . 
 
 2.230.000 
 
 
 
 
 149 
 

 
 Temp. JJeg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 
 
 
 Gals, pei- 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Pahr. at 
 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 
 
 Date 1909. 
 
 ■6 
 
 S 
 
 S 
 
 3 
 
 >< 
 
 d 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 
 CI 
 
 o 
 
 ci 
 
 o 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 Feb. 1 
 
 2,275,809 
 
 -14 
 
 -20 
 
 -V 
 
 -4 
 
 10 
 
 -20 
 
 -11 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 » o 
 
 2,195,027 
 
 
 
 . 4 
 
 20 
 
 10 
 
 18 
 
 -9 
 
 10 
 
 Snow 6 a. m.-12 noon. 
 
 
 ' 3 
 
 2,126,093 
 
 
 
 -18 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 30 
 
 -18 
 
 1 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 4 
 
 2,102,396 
 
 5 
 
 15 
 
 32 
 
 16 
 
 32 
 
 -18 
 
 17 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 .5 
 
 2,294,120 
 
 10 
 
 22 
 
 42 
 
 35 
 
 42 
 
 10 
 
 27 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 
 6 
 
 2,361,977 
 
 36 
 
 35 
 
 44 
 
 26 
 
 44 
 
 36 
 
 35 
 
 Rain 12 m. 
 
 
 > 7 
 
 2,114,244 
 
 20 
 
 14 
 
 34 
 
 26 
 
 46 
 
 12 
 
 23 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 2,492,307 
 
 18 
 
 8 
 
 30 
 
 18 
 
 30 
 
 8 
 
 18 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■ 9 
 
 2,369,517 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 30 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 2,537,545 
 
 8 
 
 20 
 
 34 
 
 22 
 
 34 
 
 10 
 
 21 
 
 Snow 12 p. m.-lt m. 
 
 
 ' 11 
 
 2,398,599 
 
 18 
 
 15 
 
 20 
 
 16 
 
 36 
 
 14 
 
 17 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 2,331,819 
 
 8 
 
 16 
 
 30 
 
 27 
 
 30 
 
 13 
 
 20 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 1?, 
 
 2,262,884 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 38 
 
 28 
 
 43 
 
 25 
 
 29 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 1,976,376 
 
 20 
 
 10 
 
 20 
 
 16 
 
 38 
 
 16 
 
 18 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 2,869,292 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 26 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 ■ 16 
 
 3,007,100 
 
 20 
 
 22 
 
 25 
 
 24 
 
 28 
 
 oo 
 
 23 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 'IT 
 
 
 20 
 19 
 16 
 
 12 
 14 
 18 
 
 21 
 22 
 36 
 
 15 
 19 
 34 
 
 28 
 24 
 38 
 
 12 
 14 
 15 
 
 17 
 18 
 26 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 18 
 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 2,736,808 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 6,040,376 
 
 37 
 
 35 
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 40 
 
 32 
 
 33 
 
 Rain 6 a. m.-12 m. 
 
 
 • 21 
 
 3,746,051 
 
 24 
 
 22 
 
 26 
 
 24 
 
 33 
 
 21 
 
 24 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 J 90 
 
 3,194,576 
 
 22 
 
 14 
 
 34 
 
 31 
 
 34 
 
 13 
 
 25 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 
 23 
 22 
 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 36 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 33 
 
 38 
 44 
 
 16 
 28 
 
 26 
 26 
 
 Rain 6 n m -12 p. m. 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 5,269,070 
 
 Rain 6 a. m.-12 m. 
 
 
 ■ 25 
 
 5,175,363 
 
 29 
 
 14 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 36 
 
 8 
 
 16 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■ 26 
 
 3,781,595 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 20 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 27 
 
 3,113,793 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 36 
 
 28 
 
 36 
 
 18 
 
 25 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 2,564,472 
 
 24 
 
 .16 
 
 30 
 
 14 
 
 40 
 
 18 
 
 21 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Average. 
 
 2,933,490 
 
 
 
 
 150 
 

 
 Temp. Deg. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 
 
 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 > t 
 
 
 Date 1909. 
 
 2 
 
 S 
 
 a 
 
 e 
 
 X 
 
 C3 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 
 
 CC 
 
 
 D. 
 
 cS 
 
 
 g t. 
 
 
 
 
 tH 
 
 '-D 
 
 
 CD 
 
 s 
 
 s 
 
 ^& 
 
 
 Mch. 1 
 
 2,715,260 
 
 
 
 -3 
 
 ZU 
 
 ^6 
 
 30 
 
 -2 
 
 10 
 
 Snow midnight. 
 
 " 2 
 
 2,792,817 
 
 22 
 
 26 
 
 36 
 
 27 
 
 41 
 
 20 
 
 28 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 3 
 
 2,732,500 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 36 
 
 31 
 
 37 
 
 16 
 
 25 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 4 
 
 2,686,185 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 33 
 
 17 
 
 50 
 
 26 
 
 26 
 
 Snow 12 noon. 
 
 " 5 
 
 2,516,093 
 
 16 
 
 8 
 
 16 
 
 12 
 
 36 
 
 9 
 
 13 
 
 Snow. 
 
 " 6 
 
 2,459,994 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 24 
 
 28 
 
 24 
 
 11 
 
 19 
 
 Clear. 
 
 •• 7 
 
 2,101,319 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 32 
 
 29 
 
 46 
 
 10 
 
 22 
 
 Snow 12 noon. 
 
 " 8 
 
 2,331,819 
 
 26 
 
 10 
 
 24 
 
 20 
 
 34 
 
 9 
 
 20 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 9 
 
 2,330,742 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 26 
 
 26 
 
 34 
 
 6 
 
 17 
 
 S'w 12 M., r'n 12 mid. 
 
 " 10 
 
 2,726,037 
 
 28 
 
 30 
 
 46 
 
 33 
 
 46 
 
 24 
 
 34 
 
 Rain 6 a. m. 
 
 " 11 
 
 2,666,797 
 
 28 
 
 16 
 
 22 
 
 18 
 
 48 
 
 16 
 
 21 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 12 
 
 2,531,082 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 28 
 
 25 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 23 
 
 Clear. 
 
 ■■ 13 
 
 2,546,162 
 
 21 
 
 20 
 
 33 
 
 29 
 
 34 
 
 18 
 
 26 
 
 Clear. 
 
 ■' 14 
 
 2,300,583 
 
 17 
 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 26 
 
 38 
 
 16 
 
 23 
 
 Clear. 
 
 ■• 15 
 
 2,723,883 
 
 24 
 
 14 
 
 26 
 
 20 
 
 36 
 
 14 
 
 21 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 16 
 
 2,664,643 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 38 
 
 27 
 
 38 
 
 12 
 
 24 
 
 Snow. 
 
 " 17 
 
 2,586,014 
 
 24 
 
 10 
 
 22 
 
 17 
 
 44 
 
 8 
 
 18 
 
 Snow 6 p. m. 
 
 " 18 
 
 2,401,830 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 26 
 
 12 
 
 18 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 19 
 
 2,405,061 
 
 11 
 
 fi 
 
 33 
 
 26 
 
 34 
 
 6 
 
 19 
 
 Snow p. m. 
 
 " 20 
 
 2,344,744 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 32 
 
 30 
 
 41 
 
 26 
 
 29 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 21 
 
 2,141,172 
 
 IS 
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 22 
 
 38 
 
 4 
 
 17 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 22 
 
 2,604,325 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 28 
 
 26 
 
 37 
 
 6 
 
 17 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 23 
 
 2,928,532 
 
 18 
 
 16 
 
 33 
 
 34 
 
 40 
 
 12 
 
 25 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 24 
 
 3,376,606 
 
 17 
 
 16 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 46 
 
 14 
 
 25 
 
 "=!now 12 mid. 
 
 " 25 
 
 4,237,309 
 
 29 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 34 
 
 50 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 Hain. 
 
 " 26 
 
 4,180,122 
 
 ?.f>, 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 26 
 
 34 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 Snow. 
 
 " 27 
 
 3,905,462 
 
 25 
 
 14 
 
 38 
 
 35 
 
 40 
 
 14 
 
 28 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 28 
 
 4,280,293 
 
 22 
 
 24 
 
 32 
 
 35 
 
 41 
 
 20 
 
 28 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 29 
 
 4 817 765 
 
 26 
 
 24 
 
 32 
 
 32 
 
 42 
 
 22 
 
 28 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 30 
 
 4,787,607 
 
 20 
 
 24 
 
 32 
 
 30 
 
 44 
 
 22 
 
 26 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 31 
 
 5,376,780 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 42 
 
 28 
 
 32 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Average. 
 
 3,006,000 
 
 
 lEl 
 

 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Temp. Deg. 
 Pahr. at 
 
 Temp. 
 Deg. F. 
 
 > m 
 <^ 
 
 a^ 
 
 
 Date 1909. 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 Weather. 
 
 April 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 " 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 6 
 
 7 . . . . 
 
 5,020,000 
 5,543,000 
 6,194,000 
 6,103,000 
 6,472,000 
 6,582,000 
 
 26 
 20 
 34 
 33 
 27 
 40 
 50 
 37 
 24 
 23 
 13 
 23 
 38 
 54 
 30 
 25 
 38 
 32 
 40 
 36 
 30 
 38 
 30 
 27 
 18 
 36 
 24 
 37 
 22 
 28 
 
 23 
 18 
 34 
 31 
 24 
 37 
 46 
 30 
 29 
 18 
 15 
 23 
 44 
 37 
 30 
 23 
 38 
 28 
 38 
 34 
 36 
 38 
 34 
 25 
 19 
 20 
 25 
 29 
 22 
 28 
 
 3U 
 44 
 40 
 37 
 50 
 62 
 53 
 43 
 22 
 22 
 30 
 24 
 75 
 40 
 41 
 50 
 54 
 52 
 73 
 38 
 40 
 52 
 42 
 42 
 56 
 56 
 67 
 44 
 42 
 39 
 
 61 
 
 40 
 46 
 36 
 55 
 56 
 44 
 44 
 29 
 23 
 44 
 59 
 58 
 38 
 38 
 52 
 54 
 54 
 52 
 42 
 39 
 58 
 40 
 46 
 16 
 44 
 43 
 36 
 30 
 34 
 
 48 
 52 
 52 
 50 
 60 
 70 
 68 
 70 
 53 
 52 
 34 
 32 
 68 
 72 
 42 
 50 
 62 
 70 
 84 
 52 
 54 
 54 
 74 
 62 
 52 
 06 
 67 
 65 
 49 
 43 
 
 22 
 20 
 34 
 24 
 24 
 40 
 40 
 30 
 24 
 18 
 13 
 22 
 38 
 40 
 31 
 22 
 38 
 32 
 30 
 34 
 34 
 38 
 32 
 24 
 18 
 20 
 24 
 29 
 22 
 27 
 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 8 
 
 
 Clear. 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 20..;.. 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 4,516,000 
 4,253,000 
 3,657,000 
 4,044,000 
 3,953,000 
 5,523,000 
 4,745,000 
 2,730,000 
 2,531,000 
 2,131,000 
 2,599,000 
 2,555,000 
 2,052,000 
 2,748,000 
 2,627,00,0 
 2,451,000 
 2,130,000 
 2,500,000 
 2,602,000 
 2,096,000 
 2,591,000 
 3,756,000 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 12 mid.-6 a. m. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Snow 6 a. m. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 '~:iear. 
 
 Rain 12 mld.-6 a. m. 
 
 Snow 6 p. m. 
 
 Average. . 
 
 3,803,000 
 
 
 152 
 

 Crals. per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 FaHr. at 
 Temp. Deg. * 
 
 Temp. 
 Deg. F. 
 
 a^" 
 
 
 Date 1909. 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 to 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 CO 
 
 
 _d 
 
 Weather. 
 
 May 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 " 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 
 
 " 7 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 20 
 
 " !21 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 " 31 
 
 3,402,000 
 2,854,000 
 3,132,000 
 3,123,000 
 2,920,000 
 2,829,000 
 2,905,000 
 2,614,000 
 2,259,000 
 3,294,000 
 3,280,000 
 2,890,000 
 2,070,000 
 2,629,000 
 2,490,000 
 2,885,000 
 2,919,000 
 2,864,000 
 2,045,000 
 2,086,000 
 2,540,000 
 2,429,000 
 2,083,000 
 2,392,000 
 2,323,000 
 2,210,000 
 2,492,000 
 2,450,000 
 2,263,000 
 1,913,000 
 1,883,000 
 
 33 
 34 
 28 
 37 
 37 
 46 
 44 
 44 
 48 
 55 
 52 
 38 
 42 
 56 
 56 
 53 
 50 
 46 
 48 
 50 
 40 
 43 
 40 
 45 
 45 
 38 
 46 
 55 
 51 
 
 •• 
 
 34 
 35 
 30 
 30 
 36 
 48 
 42 
 40 
 46 
 53 
 40 
 36 
 39 
 59 
 54 
 50 
 48 
 45 
 46 
 45 
 43 
 41 
 42 
 45 
 45 
 37 
 48 
 55 
 52 
 
 42 
 37 
 44 
 52 
 02 
 70 
 72 
 70 
 74 
 70 
 46 
 58 
 66 
 64 
 68 
 58 
 49 
 54 
 60 
 56 
 52 
 48 
 53 
 64 
 00 
 00 
 62 
 64 
 63 
 
 32 
 40 
 39 
 48 
 61 
 68 
 52 
 74 
 68 
 59 
 48 
 58 
 05 
 65 
 67 
 59 
 47 
 52 
 61 
 58 
 52 
 48 
 54 
 61 
 57 
 66 
 56 
 58 
 60 
 
 44 
 40 
 44 
 52 
 62 
 70 
 76 
 75 
 84 
 80 
 60 
 62 
 66 
 70 
 80 
 70 
 02 
 54 
 82 
 64 
 60 
 54 
 53 
 84 
 76 
 83 
 69 
 64 
 66 
 70 
 71 
 
 33 
 32 
 28 
 30 
 37 
 46 
 42 
 40 
 46 
 53 
 41 
 34 
 39 
 55 
 52 
 48 
 48 
 46 
 46 
 45 
 42 
 41 
 40 
 44 
 40 
 38 
 44 
 55 
 52 
 42 
 41 
 
 36 
 36 
 35 
 41 
 49 
 58 
 55 
 57 
 61 
 62 
 48 
 48 
 53 
 01 
 62 
 56 
 51 
 49 
 57 
 53 
 49 
 46 
 47 
 57 
 54 
 55 
 54 
 58 
 57 
 56 
 56 
 
 Rain. 
 
 Snow 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Rain 12 mid. Clear. 
 
 Rain 12 mid. Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Rain 6 a. m. Clear. 
 
 R'n 12 p.m.-6 a.m. Cl'r. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 R'n 12 p.m.-6 a.m. Cl'r. 
 
 Rain 12 p. m. Clear, 
 
 Rain. 
 
 Rain. 
 
 Rain 12 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Clear 
 
 R'n 12 p.m.-6 a.m. Cl'r. 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. Clear. 
 
 Rain. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 dear. 
 
 Rain 12 m. Clear. 
 
 R'n 12 p.m.-6 a.m. Cl'r. 
 
 Rain 12 p. m.-6 a. m. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Average. . 
 
 2,056,000 
 
 
 153 
 

 
 Temp. Deg, 
 
 'I'emp. 
 
 dj 
 
 
 
 Gals, per 
 24 hrs. 
 
 Fahr. at 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 > x 
 
 
 Date 1909. 
 
 -6 
 
 g 
 
 £ 
 
 s 
 
 y. 
 
 
 Weather. 
 
 
 
 c^l 
 
 cr> 
 
 c-l 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 June 1.... 
 
 2,131,478 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 60 
 
 ou 
 
 70 
 
 iz 
 
 58 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 2 
 
 2,044,233 
 
 50 
 
 47 
 
 66 
 
 68 
 
 70 
 
 44 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 3. . . . 
 
 2,001,149 
 
 52 
 
 52 
 
 72 
 
 72 
 
 70 
 
 53 
 
 62 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 4..'.. 
 
 2,125,015 
 
 56 
 
 54 
 
 72 
 
 58 
 
 88 
 
 52 
 
 60 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 
 5 
 
 2,792,588 
 
 50 
 
 55 
 
 60 
 
 56 
 
 68 
 
 65 
 
 57 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 6 
 
 2,037,770 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 64 
 
 62 
 
 70 
 
 69 
 
 58 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 
 7 . . , . 
 
 2,266,116 
 
 54 
 
 52 
 
 64 
 
 58 
 
 72 
 
 52 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 8.... 
 
 2,090,095 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 70 
 
 62 
 
 84 
 
 46 
 
 58 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 9.... 
 
 2,189,641 
 
 44 
 
 48 
 
 62 
 
 53 
 
 80 
 
 44 
 
 52 
 
 Rain 6 p, m. 
 
 
 ' 10.... 
 
 2,559,087 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 65 
 
 54 
 
 62 
 
 50 
 
 55 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 11 
 
 2,568,781 
 
 52 
 
 54 
 
 64 
 
 63 
 
 64 
 
 43 
 
 58 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 
 ' 12.... 
 
 2,209,029 
 
 49 
 
 52 
 
 68 
 
 68 
 
 80 
 
 48 
 
 59 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 • 13.... 
 
 2,643,101 
 
 59 
 
 50 
 
 64 
 
 GO 
 
 64 
 
 50 
 
 56 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 14 
 
 2,979,156 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 72 
 
 68 
 
 78 
 
 56 
 
 64 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 
 • 15.... 
 
 2,534,313 
 
 56 
 
 53 
 
 02 
 
 58 
 
 82 
 
 60 
 
 57 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 16.... 
 
 2,455,685 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 64 
 
 68 
 
 80 
 
 42 
 
 56 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 17 
 
 2,483,690 
 
 50 
 
 52 
 
 70 
 
 60 
 
 72 
 
 48 
 
 58 
 
 Rain 6 p. m. 
 
 
 ' IS,... 
 
 2,499,846 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 50 
 
 44 
 
 78 
 
 48 
 
 52 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 • 19.... 
 
 2,221,954 
 
 42 
 
 48 
 
 60 
 
 64 
 
 80 
 
 38 
 
 54 
 
 Rain 12 mid. 
 
 
 ■ 20.... 
 
 1,891,285 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 70 
 
 71 
 
 86 
 
 50 
 
 62 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 21.... 
 
 2,357,669 
 
 60 
 
 60 
 
 75 
 
 70 
 
 74 
 
 56 
 
 66 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 22.... 
 
 2,309,200 
 
 60 
 
 80 
 
 74 
 
 74 
 
 96 
 
 56 
 
 72 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ' 23.... 
 
 2,273,655 
 
 66 
 
 64 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 84 
 
 63 
 
 71 
 
 Rain. 
 
 
 ' 24.... 
 
 2,166,704 
 
 66 
 
 68 
 
 82 
 
 78 
 
 86 
 
 66 
 
 74 
 
 Tfain 6 a, m. 
 
 
 ' 25.... 
 
 2,109,936 
 
 60 
 
 60 
 
 80 
 
 78 
 
 85 
 
 62 
 
 73 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 ■ 26.... 
 
 1,994,686 
 
 65 
 
 68 
 
 82 
 
 75 
 
 100 
 
 61 
 
 73 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 • 27.... 
 
 1,994,680 
 
 50 
 
 60 
 
 76 
 
 76 
 
 98 
 
 55 
 
 67 
 
 Clear. 
 
 
 • 28.... 
 
 2,170,254 
 
 65 
 
 60 
 
 74 
 
 77 
 
 78 
 
 60 
 
 69 
 
 T'ain 6 a. m. 
 
 
 • 29.... 
 
 2,084,086 
 
 66 
 
 66 
 
 74 
 
 69 
 
 103 
 
 60 
 
 69 
 
 Clear. 
 
 •■ 30.... 
 
 1,975,299 
 2,272,000 
 
 50 
 
 57 
 
 72 
 
 75 
 
 94 
 
 50 
 
 65 
 
 Clear. 
 
 Average. . 
 
 
 151 
 
Appendix C. 
 
 Temperatures of Air in Filter House. 
 

 Hour. 
 
 Date 
 
 Hour. 1 
 
 Date 
 
 Hour. 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 fl 
 
 
 
 
 (S 
 
 
 1908. 
 
 -6 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 p. 
 
 1908. 
 
 a 
 
 C<1 
 
 a 
 
 C3 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 1909. 
 
 •6 
 
 a 
 
 C<1 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 
 tH 
 
 CO 
 
 r-i 
 
 CO 
 
 
 iH 
 
 CO 
 
 tH 
 
 CO 
 
 
 T-t 
 
 CO 
 
 H 
 
 CO 
 
 Nov. 21.. 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 56 
 
 44 D 
 
 3C. 16.. 
 
 41 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 40 Ja 
 
 n. 9.. 
 
 34 
 
 32 
 
 32 
 
 36 
 
 " 22.. 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 
 46 
 
 ' 17.. 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 ' 10.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 " 23.. 
 
 44 
 
 42 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 ' 18.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 ' 11.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 " 24.. 
 
 44 
 
 42 
 
 52 
 
 50 
 
 ' 19.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 30 
 
 ' 12.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 3G 
 
 36 
 
 " 25.. 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 
 52 
 
 • 20.. 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 40 ' 
 
 ' 13.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 " 26.. 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 56 
 
 53 
 
 • 21.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 ' 14. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 3G 
 
 36 
 
 " 27.. 
 
 50 
 
 47 
 
 
 45 
 
 ' 22.. 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 ' 15.. 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 " 28.. 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 ' 23.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 38 ' 
 
 ' 16.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 3G 
 
 36 
 
 " 29. 
 
 43 
 
 42 
 
 47 
 
 44 
 
 ■ 24.. 
 
 36 
 
 35 
 
 39 
 
 36 
 
 ' 17.. 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 '■ 30.. 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 ■ 25.. 
 
 37 
 
 37 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 • 18.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 34 
 
 36 
 
 Dec. 1.. 
 
 4G 
 
 48 
 
 50 
 
 46 
 
 ' 26.. 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 ' 19.. 
 
 37 
 
 34 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 2.. 
 
 41 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 ' 27.. 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 ' 20.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 3.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 ' 28.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 ' 21.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 " 4.. 
 
 36 
 
 34 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 ■ 29.. 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 • 22.. 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 " 5.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 ' 30.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 ' 
 
 ' 23.. 
 
 42 
 
 40 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 " 6.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 ' .31.. 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 39 \ 
 
 ' 24.. 
 
 43 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 ■■ 7.. 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 1 
 
 909. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 25.. 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 41 
 
 " 8.. 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 Ja 
 
 n. 1.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 ' 26.. 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 ■" 9.. 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 2.. 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 • 27.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 " 10.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 Sr 
 
 ' 3.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 ' 28.. 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 " 11.. 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 36 
 
 3R 
 
 ' 4.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 ' 29.. 
 
 36 
 
 34 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 12.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 ' 5.. 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 ' 30.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 13.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 ' 6.. 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 41 
 
 38 
 
 ' 31.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 37 
 
 35 
 
 " 14.. 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 ' 7.. 
 
 30 
 
 36 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 15.. 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 ' 8.. 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 156 
 

 Hour. 
 
 Date 
 
 Hour. II 
 
 Date 
 
 Hour. 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 FJ 
 
 
 1909. 
 
 ■6 
 
 a 
 
 i 
 
 o 
 o 
 a 
 
 a 
 p. 
 
 1909. 
 
 •6 
 1 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 PI 
 
 a 
 
 1909. 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 d 
 
 (M 
 
 a 
 
 
 1-1 
 
 to 
 
 tH 
 
 to 
 
 
 j-i 
 
 «D 
 
 i-i 
 
 to 
 
 
 i-t 
 
 to 
 
 iH 
 
 to 
 
 Feb. 1.. 
 
 33 
 
 34 
 
 37 
 
 37 
 
 Feb. 21 . . 
 
 38 
 
 au 
 
 4U 
 
 4U M 
 
 ar. 13 . . 
 
 B9 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 " 2.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 22.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 * 14.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 " 3.. 
 
 36 
 
 33 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 " 23.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 
 ' 15.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 " 4.. 
 
 35 
 
 33 
 
 34 
 
 36 
 
 " 24.. 
 
 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 ' 16.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 " 5.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 " 25.. 
 
 38 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 ' 17.. 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 6.. 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 " 26.. 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 ' 18.. 
 
 36 
 
 35 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 " 7.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 39 
 
 40, 
 
 " 27.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 • 19.. 
 
 37 
 
 34 
 
 37 
 
 39 
 
 " 8.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 39 
 
 38' 
 
 " 28.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 ' 20.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 " 9.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 Mar. 1.. 
 
 36 
 
 33 
 
 36 
 
 39 
 
 ■ 21.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 " 10.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 " 2.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 ' 22.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 '■ 11.. 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 " 3.. 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 42 
 
 ' 23.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 " 12.. 
 
 35 
 
 35 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 " 4.. 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 ' 24.. 
 
 44 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 42 
 
 " 13.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 " 5.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 ' 25.. 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 " 14.. 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 " 6.. 
 
 36 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 ' 26.. 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 
 " 15.. 
 
 37 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 7.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 37 
 
 ' 27.. 
 
 42 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 42 
 
 " 16.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 8.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 ■ 28.. 
 
 43 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 
 " 17.. 
 
 38 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 " 9.. 
 
 37 
 
 35 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 ' 29.. 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 42 
 
 " 18.. 
 
 37 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 " 10.. 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 ' 30.. 
 
 42 
 
 38 
 
 38 
 
 41 
 
 " 19.. 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 37 
 
 40 
 
 " 11.. 
 
 40 
 
 36 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 ■ 31.. 
 
 42 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 42 
 
 " 20.. 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 " 12.. 
 
 37 
 
 36 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 157 
 
Appendix D. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Station Sewage. 
 

 
 
 S)^^ 
 
 • CO 00 00 ■* u:i 1 
 
 • CM C<J (TO (M tH I 
 
 CO 
 IM 
 
 
 S OO ^0 JO snusx 
 
 ^ O OO OO OO M 
 
 O 00 oo t- in o 
 
 CM tH rH 1-1 rH iH 
 
 C7i 
 
 
 -a 
 (D . 
 
 as 
 
 CD 33 
 P. Hi 
 
 •paxki 
 
 ^ 00 ^ -o o 1 o 1 
 CO oo -^ • o w 1 iJ^a 
 
 
 •aip^PA 
 
 GO -^ CX) ■ LO O 
 
 !M o o • en CO 
 
 rH 
 
 
 •r^^ox 
 
 O (M eg . lO O 
 
 O lO lO • K3 OO 
 
 1-1 
 
 
 •ontjoitio 
 
 00 -^ "^ i-H rH iM 
 
 c7i i-( Oi a; ^ -^ 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 
 Id <B 
 
 o 
 
 •papnadsng 
 
 (TO O O CD t- tH 1 O 
 
 CO CO CO CO iH iH I eq 
 
 
 •paA|ossia 
 
 iH O (M CO in CO j t- 
 
 co CO CO CO tH tH ! cq 
 
 o 
 
 •mox 
 
 ^ CO (M Oi C-q t- CO 
 O CO CO CO CO (M LO 
 
 s 
 
 W) 
 
 g 
 
 •s9:^-bj;t|<[ 
 
 C<1 00 O ^ CiO 00 
 00 CO O 00 iH t- 
 
 o o oooo 
 
 in 
 
 in 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 P, 
 
 •so^tWi^ 
 
 UO LQ O CJ OO -^ 
 O CO Cq iH O O 
 
 O O T-H tH O O 
 
 o 
 
 Pi 
 
 ■^motamy 
 
 o o o o o o 
 o 00 oi cji as iH 
 
 rH iH 
 
 CO 
 
 
 d 
 
 O 
 
 •pepnadsng 
 
 O O O 00 tH C<J Oi 
 
 c» m 00 CO -^ CO uo 
 
 
 •paAXOSSTQ 
 
 O O O (M t-H CO 
 
 !>• W ^ t-CO CO 
 1-1 iH 
 
 
 
 •l^^ox 
 
 O O O O Cq 00 
 
 LO CO as "^ t- CO 
 
 iH tH 1-1 iH 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 
 •^ -saa "(iiiiej:, 
 
 CO -* in in in M I TJH 
 
 in m in in in in 1 in 
 
 
 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 CD C-OO Oi O tH 
 
 cq cq c<i c^ CO CO 
 
 <^- - :: :: 
 
 6 
 
 160 
 
s;-B^ 
 
 \o cq o t-o t- 
 
 •COCOTHO^eOOT-)t-u5CC>OS(M^OO 
 
 ■ppv 
 
 OOOO -OOOOOOO 'OOOOOOOOOOOOOO. 
 
 J3 00 ira "* . o» CO tH T-t 00 c- Tt* 
 
 I llrH -ItMrHlTHlTH 
 
 ■ThOlOOOt-OOlOOtr-ThOOSt-Oi 
 ■llli-llTHlrH llrH I 
 
 S OD ■BD JO snuax 
 
 T**o-*'*0000O<M-<*<<NI000000OO0000OC:5(MO00-*'^00"*'<*< 
 SOO^OfMNTHCCiliaOrHOOli^OasOlMOSCDmoOO-^C^tDTjH-*^ 
 — lTHCCICQINIC^T-ICNICNCM(M(MiH(rqiHC<l(MTHr-(IMrHNlM(MiHW(M 
 
 0) 
 
 •a 
 o 
 
 CI _ 
 
 Q oi 
 
 •paxT^ 
 
 c-ir3u:DiHooc<iOTt<u5t-oO"*t-ic-^oeoooo coo 
 
 •ain^IOA 
 
 
 CM CO 
 
 cq CO 
 
 CO Tt< O 
 
 CO <M CTi 
 
 CO M 
 
 OC<100OC<jTf*C0C00000cq00t-C0O**'C<I00'^O -■M>--. 
 
 'TBIOJ, r^oioosi-ioac^iioiot-cziir-oooooicoioooooasTfini 
 '^^'-'g^g^c^TH'^^'-''-''^c^'-'cocoia-^co-^ot--co 
 
 o -^ 
 
 CO CO 
 
 rt< CN O 
 O 00 CO 
 M CO CO 
 
 |OlOC<IOOCOOiH<Up'^OOC^(NiHOOCO"*000=OCO<MCO<; 
 
 "SniJOmr) 30 OOCO'-)THOOlO"^tHrH"^'^lOC<IC<lCOaiiHLC3COC<ICOl 
 
 i-Hi-It-H i-li-HrHi-liH iHi-lrH i-l iHiHi-li 
 
 CO oo 
 U5 lO 
 
 o » o 
 
 !>• O CO 
 (M t- O 
 
 CI 1) 
 
 'pepnadsng 
 
 •paAiossiQ 
 
 •Vs-^oi 
 
 P4 
 
 ■S8;'Ba:jTfs[ 
 
 iHtHOiHi-IOOOOOtHiHOO ooooooooooo 
 
 •sa^Tj^jN 
 
 o <r> o o o o o ooooooooooooooooo'^ 
 
 •BTUorarav 
 
 } 00 a> 
 
 Tt^Otr-OOOOO 
 
 OStHOStH^WCOtH 
 
 o o 
 
 1-H -^ 
 
 o o o o 
 
 o o o o c 
 
 tH -^ l£5 CO C 
 
 ) o c:> o o 
 J c^ CM in Tt^ 
 
 •papuaflsns 
 
 I o o 
 i O 00 
 
 O 00 .H oo CO 00 
 00 U3 O ■'J^ Oi O 
 
 oo 
 
 oo 
 
 O CO 
 
 O O 
 CO o 
 
 O O c 
 CO (M I 
 
 3 O O < 
 
 3 o ini c 
 
 •paAIOSSTiQ 
 
 ) O o 
 • <M O 
 
 O M 
 M 05 
 
 Oi CO 
 00 CO 
 
 <Ji 00 
 
 O N 
 
 05 Oi 
 
 O Cr- c 
 
 1-i CO I 
 
 3 O O 
 
 O Ol o o 
 tH C<l O "<*^ 
 
 00 -^ 
 00 t- 
 
 O CO M -^ 
 ,H t- Oi Oi 
 
 •I^:jojL 
 
 >OOOOOTHOOOOOIr-0000000000000 
 
 !loo'ooo^JS*woo'a5lClJ^01Hc^s<^31Hoolr:.oOlnT^oo5NT^lOMO 
 
 i^iHC^iHrH 1-1 iH rH C^ Oq M (M (M <M <M tH CO CO <M W CO ,H CO CO 
 
 \3. *2aa *<Ini8X 
 
 TiieoNCqMC^iHCOCOCOtNI^Tt^WCOCqWCO-^NlOWMliSlOlOb- 
 
 rHcqCO-^LCS'-Ot—OOCSOT— I 
 
 C^-fLO-^C-OOaiiHCOCO-^li^COOOOiO 
 ^^T-Hr-iHiHiHOQ(MC^CO<MM(MCqcO 
 
 0) 
 
 
 161 
 

 
 
 S4KjI 
 
 ri.-H:j:0'aiOT-HOt::^oicooiriOiaioir3ooo5toc<iocoeo . . . 
 
 10 
 
 
 PPV 
 O!noq.reo 
 
 OOOOOOOOOOOO -OOOOOOOOOO 'OOO 
 
 H 
 
 
 1 CO (M 1 1 1 1 iH M" 1 iH • 1-1 iH C^ M 1 1-1 1 (M 1 . 1 
 1 I • 1 
 
 LO 
 
 
 S 00 130 JO sra.isx 
 til ^^inRB^iY 
 
 iHMOOMi-(rHC3^00L0C0!M<Mi-(l0(M'*'rHOOOC0TH(NrHH 
 
 10 
 H 
 
 
 03 
 
 •paxi^ 
 
 X)-Tt^iL=>'-^coc^oooGOc:5cooocDW(rooo^oc]cqc^oo6oo 
 
 CO 
 
 
 •sininoA 
 
 30-*C>0M-r-HG0CSl:r)O--^CC'M^OC:iCM00OTJHajTfriH>^M(MO 
 l> LO C71 rO Cri CD 00 GO ^ O CC UO CO OO O CO C^ O O C<) irt M "* O lO O H 
 CO CO LD tH CO r-H CI C<] (M CI CI ?0 '^ (M -t' i-H CO CO (M iM CI M (M C<1 rH CO T*( 
 
 
 
 •[BlOX 
 
 u300-+00Cl'-^i::;'C0Tf':3-r'c<>c0OC(0icic<i-rt^o-*'O'::3<::2-^c^OO 
 utiai^':'COOOLOc^ir3uoLaociOiJOO:iGO"*c<ju3C--t30i-*oir-i>Tj< 
 
 H 
 CO 
 
 
 •euijomo 
 
 '^-JHCTSi— .Ol-f^C^Th-'^'Xi-T'OOOOtMlO'^TtHOOOOOaiO'^OOC'l 
 
 iou:>t^^ri'-f"'^oo'-^C3ur:jco^3Cocoou:i-^cDLOc>OLiOiocDTHLOOw 
 
 rHrH .— I.— IrHr-Hi-H .— Ir-ti— li— li-t iHi-Hi— IrH.— 1 ^M^^^-t 
 
 CO 
 H 
 
 
 O 
 
 ■pspnadsng 
 
 ,— (Tti-*-rc/:(C<iO-f^coooc-t^o^ocoor-icoot-oiot- -c^iot- 
 Oit>05CiL'L-:t--io<:o-*oc«cii:-oocotr-c:itCTt*::r>coin -oot-co 
 
 CD 
 
 _o 
 
 s 
 
 CD 
 ft 
 
 ;-< 
 
 •paAiossia 
 
 00 '^ oo --j^ CO TO -o -r t- uo ir:. c- CO o -Tt^ OS iH ci 00 M o o CO • t> cq OS 
 
 CO^^-('-l-*-^-rl-f^^^-^^-H-tl^COlHTt^'^CO'^t^CO^^CO -CO-^CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■moL 
 
 CTiOOMO'-H.-IOOOCOCOCQ-tiC^Ot-OiWirSOOOiCDrHO -05000 
 (MT-trHM^CaOrHOi-i-IOrHCOt-iHiH^i-ICOOiOOaJUSO; -iHrHO 
 iHiHi-H .— <-— It— 1 T— 1 tHt— ItHtHt-H rHi-H 'tHtHH 
 
 10 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 •S3;B.q!jsi 
 
 OOOOOTH-r*^'Tri:'0 0(MCQU^Ln-^<MC-fM-<*^U3-<^C^(MCOini-*H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 
 
 o 
 
 
 ■S81T.i;i>i 
 
 ^0'0 00'rtHoOTHLoa:ioocoLnt-ir'Oci^ir--ooc-iooit--i>-oc<iooioo 
 oooooi-HCQocgoooo-^oooc^ioooocoeqooo 
 
 H 
 
 
 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 
 
 o 
 
 ■emoratuv 
 
 99.1^ 
 
 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 
 
 o 
 
 
 LOcicaLra'^ci'^co'^'coTt^iOTf^-t'cio'acococciwMcococarHco'* 
 
 CO 
 H 
 
 
 d 
 
 'S 
 
 d 
 bo 
 
 o 
 
 ■pepuadsiig 
 
 OOOCOOO'OOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOO -ooo 
 
 o 
 
 
 (Mt>-t-(0100'^0:iU5Ir-OlO-t^i-HU0rHL000t-"^(MC0e0(M -lOTt^TjH 
 di— (CI 1— (i— (T— It— It— It— It— IC]iC\|tHC^ T-ldrHi-tiHTHi-i •i-trHCq 
 
 H 
 
 
 •pSAIOSSIQ 
 
 ^OCOC-Tfrt^OOOOO^'OOOOOO-^lOO^OOOOOOO -oinio 
 
 c- 
 
 
 aicococ^cfiooooooocoo-ot>tr-oocooot>a>iocr)-<#oo -ooot- 
 
 iH 1-1 iH 'iH . 
 
 
 •IB^ox 
 
 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 'O o.o 
 
 co 
 
 
 iHooc<it>woo-rt^t--^iooo:)Cocf:iOOO"*cot-(Mooi-t •lotfow 
 
 COCOCOrHC3C<l<M(Mcq,H!MCOCqc^C<l C'^COIMtH'Mi-IM -CMiMCO 
 
 
 
 \t[ 
 
 •Ssa 'dtusx 
 
 i>t-t-ccioooouot>ir-ooo"a50ot>t>-cDt-iHtO"^co-rHcori^Tt< m''* 
 u5Lnij^iou^Lj::iir3U3ir3irauoLniOLi:5LnLr3Ln^ooooooc30c:JO 
 
 
 
 
 
 190S 
 Date 
 
 -H CI -rUOtO t~- OOOiOCC) C t. -HiiOO 00 0--0'>--C<IC'0"rf^C3t--00010-H 
 ■^r-i-'-«'-li-lT-i^iHClCl'CliMClMC3WClC0C0 
 
 >> 
 
 Q) 
 
 162 
 

 
 
 si«d 
 
 r- 00 t- C- CO (M LO t- U5 LO t- CO t- -^ t- -^ <N CO -^ CO LO CO CO "<1< (M U3 
 
 
 
 ■PT3V 
 
 35USG0«5O0SO0i00C0-^lOtDOC-«D0S'*tDe0W00t-00OCi 
 llli-lrH^iHIt WItHtHiH WNIr-tll (M| 
 1 111 III 
 
 r-l 
 
 1 
 
 
 8 oo ■BO JO snuaj, 
 
 O00'*00Q000-*^<r)CDO<M"<**M;DTH-<*<-***Tt*MCqTt*CDC<I'nO 
 GOOOOt-'«t^OOOOSCSOO';OOOC350iOtO?DiMCOC0005THt>Cq 
 ^cq(N!p<liHi-<CClrHr-liHrHi-lT-trHrH(MiHi-IMCC|(M(rq,HMi-IC^ 
 
 to 
 
 tH 
 
 
 ■a u 
 
 CD a 
 
 02 
 
 •paxi^ 
 
 Ot3-^00OaaO00C<ltD00O00O'^Tt<t0THO^000OCS-»*<OO 
 ■^"^tOOWeoC— "*(MMO5L000C<IC0'^rt<t-0SC0C0OCDCDT-tC0 
 
 c<i CM <rq Tj* M c<i r-i c^ cq tH co cq w t-i tH tH tH 
 
 rH 
 
 
 •aiPBioA 
 
 OOOCO'*OCOCqO«0(MOOtOCq<X>-*0000000000000'* 
 
 ,-iococ^ooc<icDi-tcn>ooLra<ricoaiOcq'<^iHoooat-c<ioiHoo 
 
 '*COCO"*'Cv|-rHCOCOC^(?qCOrHOTHCOC<jTHC<li-tTHfi<liHTHWTHlM 
 rH 
 
 
 
 •l^^oj. 
 
 30C^OC<It3Cqcq00000000OTt^C<IO00-^CT)CD'*00OCq'<*<00O 
 
 lo^ocoococoirji-io-^'r-icsiiHTt^^aiooinicoiat-aiocciini 
 
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 CO • oi • to • la 'CM 'CO • oo • cs '00 'in 'O • t- -to -co . 
 CO -co • Tft 'CO • <M • cq -eg • co - tH • cq -co -co -co •-«*< . 
 
 03 
 
 
 PPV oiuoqi'BO 
 
 ■<i^lrDooL^"*'cooTl*co^^-ocJsalOS'<*^CQOcq'«i^coo5•<*^ooMcolJ^^^-^i 
 
 rHiHrneQC^ • Cq(MTHCO<M|THCqrHi-l • -1 rHNiH-T-H 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 1 III COCO 1 1 1 CO I 
 
 H 
 H 
 
 1 
 
 
 PSAIOSSTQ USSjCxO 
 
 ;^Cs|l::--t*^OiHOC^t-a3li:30LOO'*CO-^CT>OTt*0<MOOC<100HO 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 ■O^T-lTHOC^COCOCOC^THCOOTHC-ltr-MTHrHT-lTHfMOTHOOOOO 
 
 N 
 
 
 g 00 vo JO sraj9x 
 
 :MOC^O00OO-<*^OCSC^(MTfO-^-*C^OOO'*'OOOOOOC 
 
 T-(Oi-iMc^oai5<iooi-(i>-aioc^'*-^coo-*ooT-ir-ioc<]-«t<coo 
 rHcq<^3c<^c^c<l^H(^^rHcq^^^HClcq(^qcsIcqc>q(^^cslc^qcc|(^^c^^c<l(^lc^lc^l 
 
 H 
 
 
 •a 
 
 (0 tZ 
 ■a oj 
 
 f 1, Co 
 m g 
 
 ■P9XIJ 
 
 M-^^ooooooooc^o-^cqoocg'^oooc^cootoococqci'f^c^oci 
 0'^.Ht-Loa>r^Tt^c<J-*o^-(^-^aJT:t^loa5t-■>-^t-coasooc<^^^cocol> 
 
 — 1 CO C<1 cq CO C<I iH CO CO CO -^ <M cq tH CO 1-1 CO U3 -^ COOqiHrfCO 
 
 
 
 ■3in'EI0A 
 
 -^cjDco-^-^oo'^oqco^oo'^eqooocqoo-^cocxjoocco'^ooccio 
 
 XiCOTH'r^iCOC3 00THOOC0 01l>triO:it>aiC<]l>-rH Cnt-OOLOCOiHOOCq 
 
 — ip-i^c^c^cic<rT-(rHrHcqcic^icqc<ii-(eqcqoacocii-HT-icvicgcsjc^co 
 
 0) 
 
 
 •IT3;0X 
 
 ^-;o^cqcqo-^-*ocoof^^^cqoooc<IGO'*oo^c^^oooqcqc<^ 
 iDoocqcqajcr;iHOco(MO'^ooococoa:)Oc»cncqt:-coE>iOTt*rHai 
 
 COiHOLQ^O'^COrHlOOLOOlOlOCOi^S-^iniOOt-cqC^lOThCOt'CO 
 
 H 
 10 
 
 
 •eniJOiiio 
 
 :>ooooo-rcoo^-^c^ooocqc<ioooc<jcqcqoooooc5rfHc<ioc<i 
 
 rOLOt-OCiCl^tOUS-^t-OOOOCqCiiOt-OTiHC-Wt^COOOOOOCq 
 
 rH tHi-HtHtHtHtH t— (t— iiHiHcqiH T-HiHcqiHcqiH c^cqcqrHC<i 
 
 to 
 
 H 
 
 CI 
 
 o 
 
 CI <D 
 
 •P9PU9(ISUS 
 
 uooooc-coc-THOi'^iiOcqcoiHc^tr-iracqcocqcrtiHocoi-toasH 
 -:t-c^]i>-irt'*u5'^in<>qxt*ioij:3iooocoTtHioooioijocoiniiciioino 
 
 s 
 
 i 
 
 •pgApssia 
 
 COiH-^^U^LrautiCOi— I'^-^LO-^'U^J'^rH'tJt'rt^-'^+HM^LOCOCquaiOIOlClO 
 
 5 
 
 ■I'BIOJ, 
 
 — ic-qfMo:iO-^t-oi:ooai"^"^iHeqiHcJ5ooT-(TH-oGOcocr>ooooc<i 
 GO'^c<JCTjoocf:iai-^o:>cnooTHOir:!oocri-i— fi— loooi^oooHH 
 
 1— 1 T— li— 1 rHr- li— (1— 1 1— (tHtH THi-HiHrHH 
 
 0) 
 
 P, 
 
 O 
 
 •S9}^J}I|\[ 
 
 oooooooooooooooooooooooutioirsoo 
 .-Hino^'^ooot-t-cqT-ioo-'^'i-ioeqt-csTHoorHS&cqoocoH 
 
 
 
 Oi— ICqi— (T-fOiHrHi— It— iCqoaTHi-HOOCqTHi-liHTHOrHOT-IOiHrH 
 
 H 
 
 
 ■sa]i.qiN^ 
 
 O'O'OLQOoooooomoL^ooiraooioooiouaioiOLOO 
 
 X)OlOOaiOOC^U3COlO':t^U^COCqCOirMOCD-^Cr'OC^iniTfCCTjiTl* 
 
 n 
 
 (0 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 ■■Biuoramv 
 
 99.1^ 
 
 t-_t--oc-o-*^oo-<d^oc-ooooooo-»* L-OOOOOOO 
 
 o 
 
 
 xiaiCDGOi-iaiaiT-(c<iooasc7ii-Hocqcqooi-iooa:eq'!t^cococqiHH 
 
 iH tH 1-1 tH tH iH tH iH iH tH iH tH tH tH iH rH H 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 
 6 
 
 '3 
 ca 
 
 O 
 
 ■p9pn9dsng 
 
 OCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCQOOOOOOcqOOOOO 
 
 C9 
 
 
 30':Dootr-'<^u:)Coou:3coooocou3Cot:^CDOoint---*criascocoajcoos 
 
 tHt— IiHiHr-iiH tH t— liHiH i— I tHtHi-I tHt-I COH 
 
 H 
 
 
 ■p9AI0SSIC[ 
 
 Ot-OOOOOOCdOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 
 
 IN 
 
 
 rH-TtiOi-iu^t»*:r'eot-i:~oixtinit>iO'^cDO':ocoir--cqir-iniiooiOO 
 
 
 
 •IB}OX 
 
 ^TH-*ooa5Coaicococo!LDOooc^oocqcsiTt<r-icOTHi-ii>ooa>oo<?iirt 
 THTHCocqeqcocqcqiHGqcq(MffqcocsiTHcocqoococi:icqi-t<NC<icq-^co 
 
 00 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ■29a 'dniex 
 
 ir-i>-t-ooooaiooiaiiHiHoc^c<jiHO<N(Moqcococ<iTHc<ieocoeo-* 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 1 § 
 
 T-'c-ico-.^jHLrsot^ooasoT-ic^co^mcDtr'OooiOTHcgcOMHiniot-oo 
 ,-(TH,Hi-ir-irHTHT-!THi-i(Meqcqcqc<icqcqc<ic^ 
 
 0) 
 CI) 
 
 > 
 
 
 I^ 
 
 < 
 
 172 
 
s:jB^ 
 
 00 iH iH tH • to • T-i .CO • la -CO • CO • t- -M • -* 'CD • iH 'CO -O 
 
 ira-^^-^io • c<j '-^ 'CO •« • t- • tH -co • lo -co • o • ■* • lo • t- 
 
 s 
 
 PPV oinoqJ^O 
 
 iococx)'*'*t-coc^cocDtr-Tt<o^Ht-THiHC-irDCOiHooirjcqocsiinKrqoo 
 
 iHCqirH •1-tiHTfrHCOTH •C<lT-i|THrHTH|lOiH|rH-HiHl'<:t^rHlTH 
 II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 till 1 1 1 1 II 
 
 OS 
 
 •p9Aiossiana2Xxo 
 
 t- 00 OS 00 -^ "* O C* iH '>!t< CO • OS t- ITS t' t- CO lO t- cq rH CO iH iH OS 00 lOtM 
 
 o 
 
 i-H rH (M iH cq .(MfMOOiHfM • C<I C<1 C^ O <M Tt< t-H '-^ r-< M CNI (N) ,H (M C^ CQ tH 
 
 M 
 
 S 00 ^0 JO sinjax 
 ui iC:|mii^niV 
 
 OOC^C<100'*0<NIOO'*<MOOOiniC<10CIOOOTt^OOO'<:t^OO(MOOOM 
 t:Ji-^C^CO'tJ<0(Mr-ICOCMC<ICOOOC<JC<lCOr-IC<IOO'*0<rq^'*'050r-l-*u:3 
 
 CO 
 
 P. =2 
 
 •p9XT,j[ 
 
 *9mBioA 
 
 ■i'b;o.i 
 
 I CO c^ 
 
 00 00 
 
 O LC 
 
 oo o 
 
 OS o 
 
 CO o 
 
 c^a o -^ c 
 cTti ^ eq c 
 
 O m CO T 
 
 o o c^ < 
 
 1 r-( CO lO C 
 
 U5 05 cq c 
 
 >"^CD-^CnOOO00"^C 
 
 sooim-^iOLO-^ooirsc 
 ^■I-(rHcqTH(^^c<^coc<^co^: 
 
 I O CO 
 i CM C<I 
 
 ^ c^ CKi 
 
 O "* c^ 
 <M ira CTs 
 
 CO "^ c^ 
 
 c^ rq 
 
 in ITS 
 
 C^ i-t 
 
 OO ■^ OO 
 O O '"*' 
 
 T^ (M oq 
 
 00 CO CO 
 O tr- CO 
 CO CKi cq 
 
 CO cq 00 OO 
 t- CO o o 
 ,H c<i cq CO 
 
 CO ■<*< c 
 cq CO e 
 
 1 CO OO c 
 > tH U3 C 
 
 J CO CQ ' 
 
 ^ oi tH c 
 
 3 CO CO I 
 
 1 CO 00 
 
 cq o o 
 
 tH O iH 
 
 O O CO 
 
 o -^ 
 
 "<** 00 
 
 oo -^ o 
 
 iH 05 O 
 
 Oi ^ m 
 
 00 o oo 
 
 CO CO t- 
 U3 Tt< CO 
 
 CO O cq O 
 T-l O CO t- 
 Cq 1£3 CO lO 
 
 •anuomo 
 
 oooooooooO"^ooO"^0(Nicooooo'^cqcqeqtO"^"*cq'*o-^c^cqooo 
 
 i~lrHCsIO:)lOOC^-^COOOiHt-li:2I:-OOT-li-IOOt-COOt>0"*iOC<IOO-THCOCO 
 CQC<1C<Jt-It-H C<lCqcqi-HC^iH r-t r-t C^ C<1 t-< -r-i cqiHC<l'>qiMCq r-(c<ioq 
 
 PI CD 
 
 ^1 
 
 Q 
 
 ■papn3(Isns 
 
 •paApssiQ 
 
 •Ib;ox 
 
 oaiooastomuaoootoco-^^st-ooooaicocsMOrMocowcoiotNicoTH 
 
 OOOiOSOCOOOT-HTHCgoCDOiOST-HC^Oas^cOrH^OOaiOOCSO 
 
 ■Saj'BJlTN 
 
 tHtHtHOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 
 
 •sa;ij;T>i 
 
 ir30ir3iniooou^oou3c3(3000injoi0!^u:j000ioiccoiniow 
 (Mcoir3cot-cooou:jot-iniooc<i-^05aiu^t-ii^o-^-^mooc<ioooc<ic<i 
 
 OOOOOOOOtHOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 
 
 ■Bmoramv 
 
 MC0CQC<IC^-^-^Wf0T-(CQlOTtii-l(NIC<lC<IC0U3OC0C0T-(C<lC0mt--^l0Q0 
 tH.HTHr-lT-(i-(THTHTHi-HTHT-(THTHTHTHi-lrHTHWT-trHT-tT-lTHTHrHT-(THrH 
 
 •pspuadsng 
 
 ooooocoooooooooooooooooooooooooo 
 
 OSCC]CQOOCOt-'^OOt-ir3COOaOT-(^-rHO-^0:OmaiU3'^C<JNOiC<JOO 
 i-HtH CO t-(C^C<1tHtHtH THrHrHC^ICOTHTHCqrHrHiHTHrHrHTHTHT-l 
 
 •paA|ossi(3 
 
 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooocooo 
 
 OOTHOToJcOMOlCOOC-t-'HiHOOlOC-OOOC^lCOlOt-OOt-t-COCOt-^l^ 
 rWeClT-lrHTH rHCq^THTHTHrHTHr-lT-lTHT-HT-ti-lTH t-I rH t-I tH i-t tH tH tH 
 
 I^iox 
 
 I>-cOr^t-Ol^eo^:>w^<^^^oa)0'S^l>oo^r>coTHJv^-JJT-^lOcooJgo 
 
 5<lCOCOffqTt<iHCO^^COCoe<lNNC<lCOCO^<MN'i<COCOCOC<0ff<l(MC<llMCO 
 
 ■^ -Saa 'flmei 
 
 
 si 
 Q 
 
 
 173 
 
Appendix E. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent 
 from Grit Chamber. 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oxygen 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 
 
 
 Consumed 
 
 Matter 
 
 8 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a a 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^o 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 (rf 
 
 
 
 
 ■C! 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 >>^ 
 
 1908 
 
 
 > 
 
 73 
 
 fl 
 
 M 
 
 0) 
 
 
 01 
 
 T3 
 
 a 
 
 c 
 
 
 <D 
 
 
 n° 
 
 
 rt 
 
 ■B 
 
 3 
 
 a>S 
 
 
 ca 
 
 "3 
 
 "3 
 
 p. 
 
 o 
 
 "3 
 
 "S 
 
 •a 
 
 ^a 
 
 
 -fe; 
 
 
 
 II 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a t- 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 3 
 
 g 
 
 % 
 
 S 
 
 13 
 
 3 
 
 112 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 E 
 
 <^ 
 
 May 27 
 
 15.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.19 
 
 03 
 
 36 
 
 27 
 
 80 
 
 72 
 
 8 
 
 176 
 
 " 28 
 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.30 
 
 0.44 
 
 63 
 
 32 
 
 31 
 
 94 
 
 158 
 
 106 
 
 52 
 
 184 
 
 " 29 
 
 13.0 
 
 8.6 
 
 4.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.06 
 
 G5 
 
 35 
 
 30 
 
 94 
 
 230 
 
 130 
 
 100 
 
 194 
 
 " 30 . 
 
 7.8 
 8.4 
 
 2.1 
 2.0 
 
 5.7 
 6.4 
 
 5.5 
 
 10.0 
 11.0 
 
 0.10 
 0.05 
 
 0.37 
 0.82 
 
 29 
 25 
 
 49 
 
 13 
 11 
 
 25 
 
 16 
 14 
 
 24 
 
 42 
 40 
 
 76 
 
 
 
 
 158 
 
 " 31 
 
 79 
 137 
 
 _63 
 93 
 
 16 
 44 
 
 160 
 
 Average . . . 
 
 13.0 
 
 7.1 
 
 9.6 
 
 0.39 
 
 0.57 
 
 174 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oxyge 
 
 1 
 
 OJ 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 i 
 
 Suspended 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 'S 
 
 o 
 
 0)g 
 
 II 
 
 a. 
 
 
 Consumed 
 
 Matter 
 
 a 
 
 Date 
 1908 
 
 
 01 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 w 
 w 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 a 
 
 OJ 
 
 c 
 m 
 3 
 CO 
 
 13 
 1 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 ■a 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 Oj 
 
 o. 
 w 
 3 
 CO 
 
 
 I 
 
 •a 
 
 0) 
 
 E 
 
 .See 
 
 Ju 
 
 ne 3 
 
 ' 4 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ' 8 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' .11 
 
 ' 12 
 
 • 14 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ' 16 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ■ 18 
 
 ■ 19 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 23 
 
 ' 24 
 
 ' 25 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ' 28 
 
 ' 29 
 
 ' 30 
 
 17.0 
 19.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 
 6.5 
 20.0 
 12.0 
 16.0 
 18.0 
 
 6.7 
 17.0 
 17.0 
 17.0 
 21.0 
 20.0 
 
 9.5 
 18.0 
 26.0 
 18.0 
 25.0 
 16.0 
 12.0 
 20.0 
 24.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 8.8 
 
 2.9 
 
 12.0 
 
 8.2 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.8 
 
 2.3 
 
 9.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 3.9 
 
 12.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 7.2 
 
 7.6 
 
 6.8 
 
 5.3 
 
 8.4 
 
 11.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 5.2 
 
 3.6 
 
 8.0 
 
 3.8 
 
 7.0 
 
 8.2 
 
 4.4 
 
 7.8 
 
 5.0 
 
 4.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 6.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 9.2 
 
 6.7 
 
 12.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 9.0 
 8.4 
 9.7 
 9.0 
 14.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 10.0 
 10.0 
 9.7 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 15.0 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 16.0 
 
 0.23 
 0.22 
 0.25 
 1.10 
 0.04 
 0.50 
 0.10 
 0.45 
 0.25 
 0.08 
 0.20 
 0.25 
 0.22 
 0.32 
 0.55 
 0.08 
 0.30 
 0.40 
 0.09 
 0.04 
 0.05 
 0.05 
 
 1.31 
 1.83 
 0.99 
 0.44 
 0.58 
 0.48 
 0.32 
 1.34 
 1.18 
 0.59 
 1.1 
 1.28 
 1.17 
 1.34 
 0.32 
 .54 
 1.03 
 0.07 
 0.35 
 0.48 
 0.62 
 0.00 
 
 50 
 54 
 65 
 49 
 27 
 69 
 46 
 67 
 74 
 32 
 71 
 70 
 65 
 75 
 73 
 32 
 74 
 93 
 82 
 108 
 72 
 46 
 79 
 88 
 
 65 
 
 21 
 29 
 26 
 26 
 16 
 40 
 26 
 37 
 40 
 17 
 40 
 40 
 37 
 41 
 44 
 16 
 43 
 40 
 32 
 40 
 31 
 16 
 38 
 38 
 
 32 
 
 29 
 25 
 39 
 23 
 11 
 29 
 20 
 30 
 34 
 15 
 31 
 30 
 28 
 34 
 29 
 16 
 31 
 53 
 50 
 68 
 41 
 30 
 41 
 50 
 
 33 
 
 liJU 
 
 112 
 118 
 
 86 
 
 51 
 152 
 112 
 144 
 140 
 
 48 
 126 
 128 
 132 
 124 
 118 
 
 51 
 136 
 128 
 124 
 152 
 136 
 
 58 
 128 
 150 
 
 116 
 
 14(i 
 
 154 
 144 
 
 73 
 190 
 148 
 164 
 210 
 
 74 
 230 
 168 
 184 
 208 
 276 
 
 83 
 208 
 484 
 448 
 546 
 240 
 192 
 266 
 408 
 
 228 
 
 100 
 
 io4 
 
 104 
 60 
 132 
 102 
 105 
 152 
 64 
 124 
 110 
 112 
 126 
 136 
 71 
 156 
 204 
 210 
 302 
 144 
 148 
 176 
 228 
 
 138 
 
 40 
 '50 
 
 40 
 
 13 
 
 58 
 
 46 
 
 59 
 
 58 
 
 10 
 
 106 
 
 58 
 
 72 
 
 82 
 
 140 
 
 12 
 
 52 
 
 280 
 
 238 
 
 244 
 
 96 
 
 44 
 
 90 
 
 180 
 
 90 
 
 'Hi 
 188 
 208 
 192 
 156 
 232 
 192 
 204 
 208 
 152 
 192 
 196 
 184 
 204 
 188 
 160 
 228 
 200 
 200 
 256 
 208 
 160 
 
 
 0.05 
 
 .04 
 
 236 
 
 A^ 
 
 rerage .... 
 
 9.3 
 
 7.6 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.26 
 
 0.76 
 
 201 
 
 176 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oj 
 Cor 
 
 cygen 
 
 
 Suspen 
 
 aed 
 r 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 
 
 
 isumed 
 
 Matte 
 
 6 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T3 
 
 0) 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 -a 
 
 OJ 
 
 
 
 
 
 i^Zi 
 
 1908 
 
 
 0) 
 
 > 
 
 •a 
 a 
 
 d 
 
 ca 
 
 CQ 
 
 0) 
 
 
 > 
 
 nz! 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 ■^S 
 
 
 d 
 
 s 
 
 CD 
 
 -i 
 
 
 cS 
 
 rt 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 ca 
 
 ■a 
 
 ■a s 
 
 
 !^ 
 
 (5 
 
 5 
 
 
 z 
 
 
 I 
 
 D 
 
 ^ 
 
 6 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 U 
 
 July 1 
 
 32.0 
 
 9.3 
 
 23.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 o.oy 
 
 0.07 
 
 118 
 
 39 
 
 79 
 
 158 
 
 708 
 
 3oO 
 
 3o2 
 
 240 
 
 
 2 
 
 25.0 
 
 9.6 
 
 15.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.00 
 
 98 
 
 41 
 
 57 
 
 148 
 
 44G 
 
 252 
 
 194 
 
 228 
 
 
 4 
 
 18.0 
 
 2.6 
 
 15.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.00 
 
 60 
 
 17 
 
 43 
 
 72 
 
 390 
 
 228 
 
 162 
 
 180 
 
 
 5 
 
 7.8 
 
 3.4 
 
 4.4 
 
 14.0 
 
 O.OC 
 
 0.05 
 
 31 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 61 
 
 93 
 
 76 
 
 17 
 
 154 
 
 
 ■ 6 
 
 26.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.37 
 
 95 
 
 44 
 
 51 
 
 140 
 
 452 
 
 266 
 
 186 
 
 208 
 
 
 ' 7 
 
 21.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.07 
 
 95 
 
 38 
 
 57 
 
 160 
 
 410 
 
 262 
 
 148 
 
 220 
 
 
 8 
 
 30.0 
 
 8.6 
 
 21.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.47 
 
 124 
 
 47 
 
 77 
 
 178 
 
 724 
 
 454 
 
 270 
 
 212 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 30.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 21.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.33 
 
 119 
 
 46 
 
 73 
 
 162 
 
 G24 
 
 406 
 
 218 
 
 212 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 69.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 57.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.13 
 
 137 
 
 48 
 
 89 
 
 166 
 
 916 
 
 600 
 
 316 
 
 244 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 5.8 
 
 2.7 
 
 3.1 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.37 
 
 67 
 
 11 
 
 56 
 
 54 
 
 84 
 
 63 
 
 21 
 
 156 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 18.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.62 
 
 86 
 
 44 
 
 42 
 
 128 
 
 184 
 
 120 
 
 64 
 
 220 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 18.0 
 
 7.2 
 
 11.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.47 
 
 85 
 
 44 
 
 41 
 
 170 
 
 220 
 
 130 
 
 90 
 
 212 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 15.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 4.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.48 
 
 79 
 
 44 
 
 35 
 
 144 
 
 196 
 
 118 
 
 78 
 
 196 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 20.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.26 
 
 0.94 
 
 84 
 
 45 
 
 39 
 
 138 
 
 178 
 
 108 
 
 70 
 
 208 
 
 
 ■ 18 
 
 14.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 4.6 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.27 
 
 62 
 
 29 
 
 33 
 
 104 
 
 310 
 
 120 
 
 190 
 
 184 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 9.0 
 
 4.1 
 
 3.9 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.02 
 
 32 
 
 16 
 
 16 
 
 55 
 
 89 
 
 67 
 
 22 
 
 160 
 
 
 ' 20. 
 
 16.0 
 
 9.2 
 
 6.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.33 
 
 0.77 
 
 112 
 
 37 
 
 75 
 
 142 
 
 26G 
 
 134 
 
 132 
 
 204 
 
 
 ' 21 
 
 15.0 
 
 9.2 
 
 5.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.50 
 
 O.GO 
 
 66 
 
 42 
 
 24 
 
 134 
 
 158 
 
 108 
 
 50 
 
 196 
 
 
 ' 22 
 
 16.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.65 
 
 0.55 
 
 76 
 
 42 
 
 34 
 
 160 
 
 198 
 
 122 
 
 76 
 
 196 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 16.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.36 
 
 0.51 
 
 76 
 
 40 
 
 36 
 
 142 
 
 188 
 
 118 
 
 70 
 
 192 
 
 
 • 24 
 
 21.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.65 
 
 0.28 
 
 76 
 
 42 
 
 34 
 
 14G 
 
 214 
 
 134 
 
 80 
 
 196 
 
 
 ' 26 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 5.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.22 
 
 34 
 
 15 
 
 19 
 
 59 
 
 105 
 
 84 
 
 21 
 
 154 
 
 
 ' 27 
 
 21.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.38 
 
 76 
 
 37 
 
 39 
 
 174 
 
 280 
 
 158 
 
 
 204 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 21.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.08 
 
 86 
 
 45 
 
 41 
 
 204 
 
 344 
 
 188 
 
 156 
 
 188 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 17.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 O.GO 
 
 0.03 
 
 126 
 
 39 
 
 87 
 
 152 
 
 24G 
 
 142 
 
 104 
 
 200 
 
 
 ' 30 
 
 24.0 
 
 8.6 
 
 15.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.42 
 
 128 
 
 42 
 
 86 
 
 154 
 
 822 
 
 468 
 
 354 
 
 220 
 
 
 ' 31 
 
 21.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.32 
 
 94 
 
 36 
 36 
 
 58 
 50 
 
 150 
 13G 
 
 394 
 342 
 
 242 
 240 
 
 152 
 143 
 
 212 
 
 Average .... 
 
 21.0 
 
 8.9 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.31 
 
 0.32 
 
 86 
 
 199 
 
 177 
 
Appendix F. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Effluent 
 from Septic Tank. 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oxygen 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 
 
 
 Consumed 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 73 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 
 1^ M 
 
 
 
 t3 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 73 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •^. 
 
 1908 
 
 
 0) 
 > 
 
 
 a 
 
 w 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 01 
 
 
 T- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 c. 
 
 <D a 
 
 
 ? 
 
 CS 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 cS 
 
 
 •sa 
 
 
 Q 
 
 m 
 
 
 t s 
 
 
 -u 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 
 fi 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 x 
 
 S Q) 
 
 
 H 
 
 s 
 
 '7i 
 
 fc.<< 
 
 z 
 
 g 
 
 H 
 
 (J 
 
 iji 
 
 o 
 
 tH 
 
 > 
 
 t; 
 
 ^h 
 
 May 26 
 
 7.1 
 
 4.4 
 
 2.7 
 
 11 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.00 
 
 31 
 
 id 
 
 13 
 
 62 
 
 55 
 
 45 
 
 10 
 
 188 
 
 " 27 
 
 9.8 
 
 7.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 12 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.34 
 
 44 
 
 32 
 
 12 
 
 108 
 
 57 
 
 43 
 
 14 
 
 !i!?8 
 
 " 28 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 4.2 
 
 11 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.24 
 
 47 
 
 28 
 
 19 
 
 96 
 
 70 
 
 51 
 
 19 
 
 212 
 
 " 29 
 
 8.2 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 12 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.21 
 
 56 
 
 29 
 
 27 
 
 92 
 
 94 
 
 00 
 
 34 
 
 196 
 
 " 30 
 
 5.8 
 
 2.5 
 
 3.3 
 
 12 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 29 
 
 18 
 
 11 
 
 53 
 
 08 
 
 49 
 
 19 
 
 173 
 
 " 31 
 
 4.4 
 
 2.0 
 4.9 
 
 2.4 
 2.8 
 
 11 
 11 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 21 
 38 
 
 12 
 23 
 
 9 
 15 
 
 42 
 76 
 
 71 
 69 
 
 43 
 48 
 
 28 
 21 
 
 160 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 1.7 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.13 
 
 193 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oxygen 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 
 
 
 Consumed 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -a 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ O 
 
 
 
 
 • ^ 
 
 0) 
 
 cy 
 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^, 
 
 •v 
 
 1908 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 73 
 C 
 
 fi 
 
 •JX 
 
 m 
 
 01 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 c 
 
 0/ 
 
 
 CD 
 
 
 v.° 
 
 « > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r: 
 
 -fi 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 oi 
 
 03 
 
 -J. 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 ca 
 
 cu 
 
 ■3 a 
 
 i»f^ 
 
 
 P 
 
 x 
 
 3 
 
 t s 
 
 
 .ti 
 
 O 
 
 cfl 
 
 
 A 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 X 
 
 ^s 
 
 «.2 
 
 
 H 
 
 P 
 
 tc 
 
 t.<^ 
 
 -z. 
 
 •z. 
 
 H 
 
 u 
 
 ai 
 
 U 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 fc 
 
 <!H 
 
 OQ 
 
 June 1 
 
 5.4 
 
 3.0 
 
 2.4 
 
 10 
 
 0.0 J 
 
 J.Ui 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 49 
 
 60 
 
 44 
 
 6 
 
 nz 
 
 0.00 
 
 •1 o 
 
 10.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 2.4 
 
 11 
 
 0.14 
 
 ) . 07 
 
 30 
 
 22 
 
 8 
 
 72 
 
 75 
 
 00 
 
 15 
 
 204 
 
 0.08 
 
 •J 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 5.2 
 
 12 
 
 0.35 
 
 a. 02 
 
 30 
 
 19 
 
 11 
 
 99 
 
 70 
 
 55 
 
 15 
 
 216 
 
 0.60 
 
 ■• 4 
 
 13.0 
 
 7.4 
 
 5.6 
 
 12 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.99 
 
 35 
 
 22 
 
 13 
 
 108 
 
 75 
 
 53 
 
 22 
 
 220 
 
 
 •■ 5 
 
 10.0 
 
 6.2 
 
 3.8 
 
 14 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.28 
 
 39 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 120 
 
 79 
 
 59 
 
 20 
 
 220 
 
 0.00 
 
 ■ 6 
 
 9.0 
 
 4.8 
 
 4.8 
 
 13 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.09 
 
 41 
 
 27 
 
 14 
 
 92 
 
 60 
 
 48 
 
 12 
 
 210 
 
 0.06 
 
 7 
 
 5.7 
 
 4.1 
 
 1.6 
 
 14 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.42 
 
 24 
 
 17 
 
 7 
 
 66 
 
 43 
 
 30 
 
 7 
 
 172 
 
 1.70 
 
 ■ 9 
 
 8.8 
 
 6.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 13 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.00 
 
 35 
 
 30 
 
 5 
 
 114 
 
 62 
 
 49 
 
 13 
 
 200 
 
 
 •• 10 
 
 9.8 
 
 8.2 
 
 1.6 
 
 12 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.00 
 
 47 
 
 27 
 
 20 
 
 98 
 
 63 
 
 48 
 
 15 
 
 220 
 
 
 •• 11 
 
 16.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 9.2 
 
 15 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.21 
 
 48 
 
 32 
 
 16 
 
 134 
 
 72 
 
 53 
 
 19 
 
 236 
 
 0.00 
 
 ■• 12 
 
 12.0 
 
 3.4 
 
 8.6 
 
 16 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.00 
 
 54 
 
 40 
 
 14 
 
 144 
 
 65 
 
 48 
 
 17 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 14 
 
 4.1 
 
 1.7 
 
 2.4 
 
 14 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 24 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 53 
 
 42 
 
 30 
 
 6 
 
 104 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 9.6 
 
 5.6 
 
 4.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.00 
 
 39 
 
 30 
 
 9 
 
 110 
 
 80 
 
 55 
 
 31 
 
 192 
 
 
 " 16 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 4.2 
 
 15 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.05 
 
 49 
 
 34 
 
 15 
 
 130 
 
 76 
 
 55 
 
 21 
 
 204 
 
 
 '• 17 
 
 12.0 
 
 8.6 
 
 3.4 
 
 14 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.12 
 
 51 
 
 30 
 
 21 
 
 130 
 
 80 
 
 59 
 
 21 
 
 208 
 
 0.13 
 
 •• 18 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 4.2 
 
 15 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.00 
 
 48 
 
 34 
 
 14 
 
 124 
 
 60 
 
 50 
 
 10 
 
 228 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 19 
 
 13.0 
 
 7.8 
 
 5.2 
 
 14 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.06 
 
 49 
 
 35 
 
 14 
 
 118 
 
 70 
 
 50 
 
 20 
 
 240 
 
 0.00 
 
 ■■ 21 
 
 4.9 
 
 3.3 
 
 1.6 
 
 14 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.03 
 
 26 
 
 18 
 
 8 
 
 62 
 
 43 
 
 35 
 
 8 
 
 170 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 22 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.6 
 
 4.4 
 
 16 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.06 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 7 
 
 112 
 
 70 
 
 51 
 
 19 
 
 216 
 
 0.00 
 
 •• 23 
 
 12.0 
 
 7.6 
 
 4.4 
 
 15 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 40 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 120 
 
 63 
 
 45 
 
 18 
 
 236 
 
 o.uu 
 
 " 24 
 
 8.0 
 
 4.0 
 
 4.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.23 
 
 43 
 
 32 
 
 11 
 
 128 
 
 74 
 
 66 
 
 8 
 
 204 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 25 
 
 12.0 
 
 4.2 
 
 7.8 
 
 16 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.05 
 
 50 
 
 32 
 
 18 
 
 138 
 
 83 
 
 65 
 
 18 
 
 244 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 26 
 
 11.0 
 
 4.8 
 
 ■6.2 
 
 17 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.24 
 
 50 
 
 33 
 
 17 
 
 138 
 
 75 
 
 56 
 
 19 
 
 212 
 
 .... 
 
 " 28 
 
 10.0 
 
 4.3 
 
 5.7 
 
 15 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.29 
 
 27 
 
 18 
 
 9 
 
 70 
 
 53 
 
 46 
 
 7 
 
 172 
 
 
 
 •• 29 
 
 9.8 
 
 6.6 
 5.7 
 
 3.2 
 4.3 
 
 16 
 14 
 
 0.08 
 
 
 48 
 39 
 
 34 
 
 27 
 
 14 
 12 
 
 110 
 105 
 
 84 
 67 
 
 58 
 51 
 
 26 
 16 
 
 216 
 208 
 
 0.00 
 
 Average .... 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.13 
 
 0.10 
 
 180 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oxygen 
 
 
 Sus 
 
 M 
 
 pended 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 
 
 
 Consumed 
 
 atter 
 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■o 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 •rt 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 OQ 
 
 1908 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 a) 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 m 
 m 
 
 P 
 
 ■a 
 
 a) 
 ft 
 
 CQ 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 13 
 O 
 
 a) 9 
 0) a 
 
 
 in 
 oi 
 
 rt 
 
 01 
 
 > 
 o 
 m 
 
 (3 
 
 53 
 
 Si 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 o 
 
 •3 
 I 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 •a 
 
 1! 
 
 •as 
 
 July 1 
 
 12. U 
 
 7.0 
 
 0.0 
 
 1^0 
 
 J.Uo 
 
 J. 11 
 
 64 
 
 33 
 
 la 
 
 i4B 
 
 95 
 
 68 
 
 27 
 
 AiH 
 
 i»,13 
 
 
 • 2 
 
 18.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 58 
 
 38 
 
 20 
 
 172 
 
 10G 
 
 75 
 
 31 
 
 232 
 
 
 
 ' 4 
 
 7.G 
 
 4.3 
 
 3.3 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 38 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 
 92 
 
 62 
 
 51 
 
 11 
 
 180 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 8.0 
 
 5.7 
 
 2.9 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 46 
 
 16 
 
 30 
 
 67 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 6 
 
 104 
 
 1.10 
 
 
 ■ 6 
 
 13.0 
 
 G.2 
 
 6.8 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.11 
 
 48 
 
 32 
 
 16 
 
 118 
 
 86 
 
 67 
 
 19 
 
 224 
 
 0.19 
 
 
 ' 7 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 5.2 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 54 
 
 36 
 
 18 
 
 160 
 
 83 
 
 58 
 
 25 
 
 224 
 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 12.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 6.2 
 
 16.0 
 
 O.-Ol 
 
 0.27 
 
 57 
 
 38 
 
 19 
 
 170 
 
 88 
 
 64 
 
 24 
 
 220 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ■ 9 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 5.4 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.15 
 
 5G 
 
 37 
 
 19 
 
 174 
 
 94 
 
 75 
 
 19 
 
 220 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.6 
 
 4.4 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.09 
 
 57 
 
 42 
 
 15 
 
 172 
 
 74 
 
 54 
 
 20 
 
 232 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 7.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 5.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 53 
 
 19 
 
 34 
 
 70 
 
 53 
 
 43 
 
 10 
 
 184 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ■ 13 
 
 11.0 
 
 7.6 
 
 3.4 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.00 
 
 52 
 
 30 
 
 22 
 
 120 
 
 89 
 
 72 
 
 17 
 
 228 
 
 0.07 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 5.2 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.14 
 
 57 
 
 37 
 
 20 
 
 154 
 
 92 
 
 64 
 
 28 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 12.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 5.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.20 
 
 GO 
 
 39 
 
 21 
 
 128 
 
 73 
 
 50 
 
 23 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 U.O 
 
 7.4 
 
 3.6 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.32 
 
 55 
 
 30 
 
 19 
 
 134 
 
 88 
 
 63 
 
 25 
 
 225 
 
 1.20 
 
 
 ' 18 
 
 10.0 
 
 7.8 
 
 2.2 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.22 
 
 52 
 
 34 
 
 18 
 
 114 
 
 144 
 
 GG 
 
 78 
 
 208 
 
 ..0. 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 8.8 
 
 5.5 
 
 3.3 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.08 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 10 
 
 60 
 
 55 
 
 34 
 
 21 
 
 184 
 
 ..0. 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 9.2 
 
 6.8 
 
 2.4 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.11 
 
 82 
 
 33 
 
 49 
 
 128 
 
 80 
 
 61 
 
 19 
 
 216 
 
 0.13 
 
 
 • 21 
 
 12.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 5.2 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.20 
 
 53 
 
 36 
 
 17 
 
 1G2 
 
 72 
 
 56 
 
 16 
 
 224 
 
 0.07 
 
 
 ■ 22 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 5.2 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 O.IG 
 
 55 
 
 3G 
 
 19 
 
 168 
 
 83 
 
 71 
 
 12 
 
 228 
 
 0.07 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 4.2 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.22 
 
 57 
 
 39 
 
 18 
 
 168 
 
 84 
 
 63 
 
 21 
 
 228 
 
 0.24 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 12.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 3.6 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.19 
 
 97 
 
 36 
 
 01 
 
 1G2 
 
 83 
 
 58 
 
 25 
 
 236 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 26 
 
 8.0 
 
 5.G 
 
 2.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.13 
 
 0.00 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 14 
 
 74 
 
 52 
 
 44 
 
 8 
 
 174 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 • 27 
 
 • • > • 
 
 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 44 
 
 26 
 
 18 
 
 126 
 
 86 
 
 62 
 
 24 
 
 224 
 
 0.31 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 12.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 5.2 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.11 
 
 54 
 
 34 
 
 20 
 
 194 
 
 80 
 
 57 
 
 29 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 22.0 
 
 7.2 
 
 14.8 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.29 
 
 55 
 
 35 
 
 20 
 
 170 
 
 194 
 
 122 
 
 72 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 30 
 
 .8.8 
 
 4.8 
 
 4.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.57 
 
 54 
 
 36 
 
 18 
 
 15C 
 
 104 
 
 86 
 
 18 
 
 228 
 
 0.07 
 
 
 ' 31 
 
 13.0 
 
 .7-4 
 
 5.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.15 
 0.14 
 
 53 
 54 
 
 34 
 32 
 
 19 
 
 22 
 
 154 
 137 
 
 113 
 87 
 
 78 
 63 
 
 35 
 24 
 
 244 
 217 
 
 0.00 
 
 A^ 
 
 rerage 
 
 11.3 
 
 6.4 
 
 4.9 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.15 
 
 181 
 

 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 Oxygen 
 Consumed 
 
 OJ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Organic 
 
 a 
 
 'a 
 o 
 
 1) S 
 
 S S 
 
 CO 
 
 OJ 
 
 
 8 
 
 Date 
 
 1908 
 
 C3 
 
 o 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 0) 
 3 
 
 in 
 
 
 at 
 .> 
 o 
 
 (3 
 
 (D 
 
 •a 
 a 
 <u 
 a 
 
 3 
 M 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 
 X 
 
 ■as 
 
 Aug. 1 
 
 " 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 15 
 
 ■' 16 
 
 " 17.... 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 24 
 
 ■■ 25 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 29...... 
 
 " 30 
 
 " 31 
 
 11.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 5.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 7.8 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 7.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 5.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.2 
 
 15.0 
 
 6.0 
 9.0 
 -6.0 
 5.8 
 2.7 
 3.3 
 7.2 
 10.0 
 8.2 
 7.2 
 7.0 
 4.6 
 8.4 
 5.4 
 4.2 
 5.0 
 5.1 
 1.7 
 7.6 
 8.2 
 6.8 
 7.8 
 8.6 
 4.1 
 3.2 
 9.2 
 
 5.0 
 5.0 
 6.0 
 6.2 
 4.3 
 2.1 
 5.8 
 4.0 
 2.8 
 4.8 
 5.0 
 3.2 
 3.6 
 6.6 
 3.2 
 4.0 
 3.3 
 3.7 
 5.4 
 5.8 
 5.2 
 7.2 
 3.4 
 6.9 
 3.0 
 5.8 
 
 4.7 
 
 15 
 16 
 19 
 24 
 26 
 22 
 17 
 13 
 16 
 17 
 18 
 18 
 15 
 14 
 16 
 16 
 15 
 14 
 15 
 16 
 15 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 0.02 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.02 
 0.00 
 0.01 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.01 
 0.04 
 0.03 
 0.12 
 0.24 
 0.20 
 
 .026 
 
 0.11 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.11 
 0.14 
 0.06 
 0.11 
 0.03 
 0.19 
 0.16 
 0.14 
 0.11 
 0.03 
 0.18 
 0.22 
 0.06 
 0.03 
 0.01 
 0.11 
 0.00 
 0.01 
 0.23 
 0.29 
 0.00 
 0.03 
 0.07 
 
 51 
 49 
 59 
 63 
 55 
 36 
 62 
 53 
 55 
 56 
 50 
 34 
 58 
 51 
 53 
 53 
 42 
 30 
 53 
 67 
 64 
 60 
 50 
 52 
 36 
 62 
 
 52 
 
 33 
 32 
 36 
 40 
 35 
 21 
 37 
 31 
 30 
 33 
 31 
 25 
 32 
 32 
 36 
 35 
 25 
 20 
 32 
 36 
 29 
 32 
 
 27 
 24 
 45 
 
 32 
 
 18 
 17 
 23 
 23 
 20 
 15 
 25 
 22 
 25 
 23 
 19 
 9 
 26 
 19 
 17 
 18 
 17 
 10 
 21 
 31 
 35 
 28 
 
 25 
 12 
 17 
 
 21 
 
 130 
 128 
 142 
 152 
 132 
 
 81 
 144 
 144 
 138 
 156 
 120 
 
 71 
 126 
 146 
 136 
 140 
 100 
 
 56 
 112 
 132 
 120 
 146 
 118 
 
 98 
 
 50 
 100 
 
 119 
 
 115 
 
 104 
 
 113 
 
 113 
 
 115 
 
 78 
 
 128 
 
 120 
 
 119 
 
 127 
 
 129 
 
 91 
 
 212 
 
 110 
 
 115 
 
 119 
 
 76 
 
 65 
 
 100 
 
 220 
 
 163 
 
 142 
 
 7C 
 
 84 
 
 67 
 
 105 
 
 115 
 
 81 
 
 7C 
 79 
 73 
 71 
 
 "88 
 88 
 83 
 91 
 87 
 65 
 90 
 70 
 76 
 82 
 54 
 48 
 73 
 
 132 
 98 
 96 
 57 
 63 
 49 
 81 
 
 78 
 
 34 
 28 
 34 
 40 
 44 
 
 '40 
 32 
 36 
 36 
 42 
 26 
 
 122 
 40 
 39 
 37 
 22 
 17 
 27 
 88 
 65 
 46 
 19 
 21 
 18 
 24 
 
 39 
 
 212 
 224 
 252 
 288 
 238 
 204 
 236 
 208 
 228 
 232 
 228 
 200 
 220 
 224 
 226 
 244 
 196 
 182 
 264 
 308 
 244 
 248 
 196 
 240 
 200 
 224 
 
 Average 
 
 10.9 
 
 6.2 
 
 60.09 
 
 229 
 
 382 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Nitr 
 
 ogen 
 
 a 
 
 w 
 
 a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 CO 
 
 6 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a d 
 
 1908 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 w 
 
 t/3 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 ■Fl° 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 cS 
 
 (D S 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 6/1 
 
 o 
 
 cd 
 
 cS 
 
 
 "3 S 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ?: e 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 X 
 
 .c 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 Pi 9) 
 
 
 O 
 
 fa<! 
 
 z 
 
 •z 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ir^ 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 <!H 
 
 Sept. 1 
 
 11.0 
 
 If) 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.18 
 
 62 
 
 122 
 
 103 
 
 so 
 
 23 
 
 256 
 
 " 2 
 
 11.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.26 
 
 62 
 
 132 
 
 86 
 
 61 
 
 25 
 
 240 
 
 " 3 
 
 11.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.15 
 
 62 
 
 122 
 
 93 
 
 70 
 
 23 
 
 252 
 
 " 4 
 
 9.8 
 
 15 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.18 
 
 56 
 
 138 
 
 88 
 
 66 
 
 22 
 
 244 
 
 ■' 5 
 
 10.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.29 
 
 55 
 
 104 
 
 103 
 
 70 
 
 33 
 
 232 
 
 " 6 
 
 6.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.15 
 
 33 
 
 48 
 
 82 
 
 60 
 
 22 
 
 172 
 
 " 7 
 
 7.8 
 
 15 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.05 
 
 38 
 
 47 
 
 73 
 
 59 
 
 14 
 
 198 
 
 " 8 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.02 
 
 65 
 
 104 
 
 106 
 
 78 
 
 28 
 
 284 
 
 " 9 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.06 
 
 65 
 
 136 
 
 87 
 
 65 
 
 22 
 
 248 
 
 " 10 
 
 10.0 
 
 10 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.02 
 
 76 
 
 126 
 
 145 
 
 105 
 
 40 
 
 256 
 
 " 11 
 
 13.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.16 
 
 86 
 
 142 
 
 140 
 
 98 
 
 42 
 
 252 
 
 " 12 
 
 11.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.13 
 
 69 
 
 138 
 
 101 
 
 72 
 
 29 
 
 216 
 
 " 13 
 
 8.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.04 
 
 55 
 
 60 
 
 77 
 
 59 
 
 18 
 
 144 
 
 " 14 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.17 
 
 66 
 
 120 
 
 112 
 
 88 
 
 24 
 
 248 
 
 " 15 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.00 
 
 64 
 
 148 
 
 98 
 
 67 
 
 31 
 
 264 
 
 " 16 
 
 10.0 
 
 18 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.00 
 
 68 
 
 168 
 
 106 
 
 75 
 
 31 
 
 296 
 
 " 17 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.00 
 
 85 
 
 152 
 
 84 
 
 60 
 
 24 
 
 276 
 
 " 18 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.14 
 
 78 
 
 144 
 
 113 
 
 80 
 
 33 
 
 288 
 
 ■" 19 
 
 12.0 
 
 18 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.04 
 
 68 
 
 146 
 
 118 
 
 78 
 
 40 
 
 224 
 
 " 21 
 
 16.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.07 
 
 77 
 
 130 
 
 131 
 
 99 
 
 32 
 
 26U 
 
 " 22 
 
 13.0 
 
 18 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.02 
 
 81 
 
 146 
 
 132 
 
 92 
 
 40 
 
 288 
 
 " 23 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.03 
 
 78 
 
 152 
 
 110 
 
 79 
 
 31 
 
 264 
 
 " 24 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.00 
 
 82 
 
 150 
 
 102 
 
 74 
 
 28 
 
 308 
 
 " 25 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.01 
 
 87 
 
 132 
 
 156 
 
 106 
 
 50 
 
 252 
 
 " 26 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 80 
 
 .120 
 
 118 
 
 85 
 
 33 
 
 244 
 
 " 27 
 
 6.9 
 
 16 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.03 
 
 36 
 
 58 
 
 86 
 
 61 
 
 25 
 
 214 
 
 " 28 
 
 11.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.00 
 
 66 
 
 128 
 
 137 
 
 82 
 
 55 
 
 232 
 
 " 29 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.14 
 
 80 
 
 130 
 
 148 
 
 93 
 
 55 
 
 264 
 
 ■ 30 
 
 12.0 
 11.6 
 
 16 
 16 
 
 0.12 
 0.13 
 
 0.04 
 0.08 
 
 74 
 67 
 
 132 
 123 
 
 182 
 111 
 
 118 
 79 
 
 64 
 32 
 
 240 
 
 Average 
 
 247 
 
 183 
 

 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a> 
 P 
 
 d 
 E 
 
 0) 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 m 
 C 
 
 
 d 
 to 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^§ 
 
 > 
 
 
 Date 
 1908 
 
 
 'S 
 
 
 
 "3 
 
 
 <D a 
 
 m 
 a) 
 
 'z 
 
 
 .2 
 1 
 
 •0 
 
 'ji 
 
 5 
 
 c 
 
 in 
 
 & 
 
 
 Oct. 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 6 
 
 '■ 7 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 15 
 
 " IG 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 24.'.'.';; 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 2G 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 29 . . .\ . 
 " 30..... 
 " 31 
 
 57 
 54 
 56 
 57 
 57 
 58 
 58 
 58 
 57 
 56 
 5G 
 56 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 55 
 55 
 55 
 55 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 ■&G 
 56 
 54 
 53 
 
 56 
 
 18.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 16.0 
 
 8.5 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 
 8.1 
 15.0 
 15.0 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 19.0 
 14.0 
 
 5.1 
 11.0 
 
 9.7 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 14 
 14 
 13 
 15 
 14 
 16 
 14 
 16 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 13 
 14 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 18 
 15 
 17 
 16 
 15 
 IG 
 13 
 14 
 17 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 0.08 
 0.32 
 0.70 
 0.08 
 0.90 
 0.80 
 0.90 
 0.40 
 0.22 
 0.04 
 0.07 
 0.18 
 0.07 
 0.07 
 0.10 
 0.07 
 0.11 
 0.12 
 0.20 
 0.10 
 0.12 
 0.14 
 0.01 
 0.12 
 0.12 
 0.10 
 0.14 
 0.08 
 0.08 
 
 o.uo 
 0.00 
 0.24 
 0.21 
 0.20 
 0.16 
 0.15 
 0.02 
 0.12 
 0.22 
 0.30 
 0.01 
 0.17 
 0.22 
 0.14 
 0.12 
 0.20 
 0.14 
 0.20 
 0.27 
 0.02 
 0.12 
 0.15 
 0.2s 
 0.10 
 0.30 
 0.15 
 0.29 
 0.21 
 
 82 
 74 
 47 
 80 
 61 
 71 
 69 
 68 
 70 
 45 
 84 
 75 
 G7 
 74 
 71 
 55 
 78 
 78 
 72 
 87 
 88 
 90 
 51 
 75 
 69 
 69 
 66 
 78 
 66 
 
 71 
 
 128 
 
 136 
 
 53 
 
 118 
 
 124 
 130 
 136 
 122 
 110 
 
 4G 
 128 
 130 
 120 
 130 
 126 
 
 53 
 140 
 168 
 186 
 156 
 162 
 140 
 
 70 
 10 G 
 138 
 122 
 138 
 14G 
 124 
 
 124 
 
 izo 
 lOG 
 15G 
 172 
 130 
 112 
 12G 
 102 
 118 
 126 
 232 
 160 
 
 99 
 144 
 152 
 118 
 142 
 
 63 
 126 
 296 
 228 
 240 
 
 90 
 136 
 118 
 130 
 
 96 
 196 
 112 
 
 143 
 
 81 
 
 70 
 
 102 
 
 118 
 
 8G 
 
 76 
 
 86 
 
 70 
 
 80 
 
 62 
 
 142 
 
 94 
 
 G9 
 
 90 
 
 100 
 
 78 
 
 98 
 
 47 
 
 78 
 
 186 
 
 140 
 
 158 
 
 6G 
 
 90 
 
 82 
 
 84 
 
 68 
 
 130 
 
 98 
 
 94 
 
 44 
 36 
 54 
 54 
 44 
 36 
 40 
 32 
 38 
 64 
 90 
 06 
 30 
 54 
 52 
 40 
 44 
 16 
 48 
 110 
 88 
 82 
 - 24 
 46 
 36 
 46 
 28 
 G6 
 14 
 
 49 
 
 244 
 228 
 206 
 252 
 25C 
 228 
 2G8 
 228 
 240 
 1G2 
 244 
 240 
 244 
 244 
 2G0 
 238 
 252 
 252 
 244 
 240 
 2G4 
 240 
 228 
 244 
 272 
 240 
 2G0 
 260 
 248 
 
 242 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 
 o!o6 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 184 
 

 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ■a 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 en 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 1908 
 
 d 
 B 
 
 o 
 
 "3 
 J* 
 
 bo 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 o B 
 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 IS 
 a 
 bD 
 
 a 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 _2 
 "o 
 
 X 
 
 I! 
 
 •3S 
 
 g 
 
 X 
 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 fc<j 
 
 z 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 D 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 <jt-i 
 
 O 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 61 
 
 S.3 
 
 16 
 
 o.os 
 
 0.18 
 
 50 
 
 53 
 
 liZ 
 
 76 
 
 36 
 
 228 
 
 u.oo 
 
 
 2 
 
 51 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.29 
 
 74 
 
 110 
 
 156 
 
 86 
 
 70 
 
 260 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 3 
 
 fi?, 
 
 9.9 
 
 Ifi 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.33 
 
 59 
 
 118 
 
 144 
 
 104 
 
 40 
 
 240 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 • 4 
 
 n?, 
 
 17.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.40 
 
 67 
 
 142 
 
 112 
 
 76 
 
 36 
 
 272 
 
 0.20 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 5« 
 
 18.0 
 
 18 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.23 
 
 80 
 
 166 
 
 130 
 
 86 
 
 44 
 
 244 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 6 
 
 5a 
 
 16.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.43 
 
 72 
 
 174 
 
 120 
 
 80 
 
 40 
 
 262 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ft?, 
 
 17.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.43 
 
 64 
 
 146 
 
 98 
 
 72 
 
 26 
 
 240 
 
 0.63 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 51 
 
 8.8 
 
 15 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.16 
 
 43 
 
 71 
 
 98 
 
 76 
 
 22 
 
 206 
 
 l.'/O 
 
 
 9 
 
 51 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.60 
 
 0.27 
 
 67 
 
 154 
 
 90 
 
 68 
 
 22 
 
 2V2 
 
 0.6V 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 5^ 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.12 
 
 68 
 
 170 
 
 112 
 
 82 
 
 30 
 
 268 
 
 l.bO 
 
 
 * 11 
 
 5f( 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.38 
 
 66 
 
 142 
 
 134 
 
 92 
 
 42 
 
 228 
 
 0.86 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 51 
 
 15.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.37 
 
 71 
 
 140 
 
 122 
 
 90 
 
 32 
 
 272 
 
 1.20 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 5? 
 
 12.0 
 
 22 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.47 
 
 66 
 
 136 
 
 108 
 
 82 
 
 26 
 
 272 
 
 O.Vb 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 5? 
 
 15.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.37 
 
 72 
 
 144 
 
 108 
 
 80 
 
 28 
 
 250 
 
 0.26 
 
 
 ■ 15 
 
 50 
 
 9.7 
 
 15 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.20 
 
 48 
 
 52 
 
 104 
 
 84 
 
 20 
 
 218 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 50 
 
 18.0 
 
 1?l 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.00 
 
 70 
 
 136 
 
 114 
 
 92 
 
 22 
 
 276 
 
 0.80 
 
 
 • 17 
 
 50 
 
 15.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.60 
 
 72 
 
 162 
 
 118 
 
 92 
 
 26 
 
 21b 
 
 2.30 
 
 
 ' 18. . . . 
 
 50 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.37 
 
 68 
 
 142 
 
 140 
 
 88 
 
 52 
 
 200 
 
 1.10 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 50 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.37 
 
 73 
 
 134 
 
 152 
 
 98 
 
 54 
 
 200 
 
 1.10 
 
 
 • 20 
 
 51 
 
 13.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.32 
 
 69 
 
 154 
 
 110 
 
 08 
 
 42 
 
 240 
 
 0.46 
 
 
 ' 21 
 
 50 
 
 16.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.32 
 
 58 
 
 128 
 
 92 
 
 92 
 
 00 
 
 230 
 
 0.33 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 59 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.47 
 
 60 
 
 128 
 
 138 
 
 104 
 
 34 
 
 b08 
 
 1.10 
 
 
 ' 24.. 
 
 51 
 
 15.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.29 
 
 73 
 
 156 
 
 130 
 
 94 
 
 36 
 
 bbO 
 
 0.99 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 51 
 
 10.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.17 
 
 41 
 
 89 
 
 131 
 
 97 
 
 34 
 
 b08 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 51 
 
 15.0 
 
 18 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.52 
 
 76 
 
 186 
 
 144 
 
 112 
 
 32 
 
 530 
 
 0.18 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 51 
 
 15.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.58 
 
 73 
 
 166 
 
 110 
 
 62 
 
 48 
 
 424 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 50 
 
 7.4 
 
 17 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.82 
 
 41 
 
 65 
 
 102 
 
 66 
 
 36 
 
 416 
 
 0.59 
 
 " 30 
 
 50 
 51 
 
 18.0 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 15.5 
 
 0.35 
 0.32 
 
 1.10 
 0.41 
 
 79 
 65 
 
 184 
 134 
 
 190 
 122 
 
 100 
 80 
 
 90 
 36 
 
 390 
 300 
 
 1.90 
 
 A 
 
 verage 
 
 O.Vi 
 
 185 
 

 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •J 
 
 0) 
 
 
 Suspended 1 
 
 ro 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 u 
 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 .S cS 
 
 O 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ifi 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 ci 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 r.'-M 
 
 u 
 
 1908 
 
 (-1 
 
 c 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 w 
 
 rt 
 
 a 
 
 
 Q. 
 
 
 "u. 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 br, 
 
 <u 2 
 a< g 
 
 *J 
 
 ? 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 « 
 
 s 
 
 P 
 
 S 
 
 ■aa 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 fe<1 
 
 ■z 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 ■£ 
 
 <!H 
 
 O 
 
 Dec. 1 
 
 50 
 
 18.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.30 
 
 72 
 
 166 
 
 140 
 
 98 
 
 42 
 
 238 
 
 3.2 
 
 2 
 
 50 
 
 18.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.55 
 
 71 
 
 180 
 
 146 
 
 100 
 
 46 
 
 202 
 
 2.8 
 
 
 48 
 
 14.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.30 
 
 46 
 
 136 
 
 62 
 
 53 
 
 9 
 
 172 
 
 6.0 
 
 '■ 8 
 
 48 
 
 15.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.55 
 
 58 
 
 164 
 
 53 
 
 42 
 
 11 
 
 186 
 
 4.5 
 
 " 9 
 
 48 
 
 14.0 
 
 11 .0 
 
 1.00 
 
 0.40 
 
 59 
 
 186 
 
 61 
 
 47 
 
 14 
 
 194 
 
 3.2 
 
 •• 10 
 
 48 
 
 13.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.60 
 
 58 
 
 178 
 
 79 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 200 
 
 5.3 
 
 '■ 11 
 
 48 
 
 9.8 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.10 
 
 58 
 
 178 
 
 69 
 
 56 
 
 13 
 
 172 
 
 3.1 
 
 " 12 
 
 48 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 2.55 
 
 59 
 
 190 
 
 59 
 
 43 
 
 16 
 
 222 
 
 2.7 
 
 " 13 
 
 47 
 
 7.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.60 
 
 0.50 
 
 34 
 
 64 
 
 56 
 
 47 
 
 9 
 
 164 
 
 4.8 
 
 " 14 
 
 47 
 
 10.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.40 
 
 57 
 
 140 
 
 68 
 
 54 
 
 14 
 
 190 
 
 1.0 
 
 " 15 
 
 48 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.30 
 
 54 
 
 148 
 
 88 
 
 70 
 
 18 
 
 180 
 
 2.0 
 
 " 16 
 
 48 
 
 17.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.50 
 
 55 
 
 174 
 
 79 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 208 
 
 2.0 
 
 " 17 
 
 48 
 
 12.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 
 52 
 
 158 
 
 70 
 
 54 
 
 16 
 
 220 
 
 1.1 
 
 ■• 18 
 
 48' 
 
 13.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 
 53 
 
 160 
 
 
 
 
 238 
 
 1.4 
 
 " 19 
 
 48 
 
 16.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 (1.20 
 
 
 51 
 
 150 
 
 94 
 
 69 
 
 25 
 
 222 
 
 1.7 
 
 " 20 
 
 47 
 
 10.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.30 
 
 32 
 
 163 
 
 58 
 
 52 
 
 6 
 
 164 
 
 5.9 
 
 " 21 
 
 47 
 
 12.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.60 
 
 56 
 
 172 
 
 76 
 
 67 
 
 9 
 
 208 
 
 1.7 
 
 9 
 
 48 
 
 14.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.30 
 
 56 
 
 184 
 
 63 
 
 51 
 
 12 
 
 208 
 
 3.1 
 
 •• 23 
 
 47 
 
 11.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.65 
 
 53 
 
 186 
 
 78 
 
 64 
 
 14 
 
 210 
 
 3.2 
 
 '■ 25 
 
 46 
 
 11.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.05 
 
 38 
 
 82 
 
 44 
 
 38 
 
 6 
 
 180 
 
 
 " 26 
 
 47 
 
 14.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.40 
 
 47 
 
 104 
 
 64 
 
 58 
 
 6 
 
 176 
 
 i.9 
 
 " 27 
 
 46 
 
 12.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.40 
 
 32 
 
 57 
 
 68 
 
 65 
 
 3 
 
 172 
 
 5.4 
 
 " 28 
 
 47 
 
 14.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.35 
 
 58 
 
 154 
 
 68 
 
 65 
 
 3 
 
 244 
 
 1.3 
 
 '• 29 
 
 48 
 
 16.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 1.60 
 
 0.00 
 
 69 
 
 120 
 
 86 
 
 80 
 
 6 
 
 204 
 
 2.5 
 
 " 30 
 
 47 
 
 16.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.40 
 
 63 
 
 158 
 
 82 
 
 70 
 
 12 
 
 208 
 
 3.7 
 
 '■ 31 
 
 47 
 
 19.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.45 
 
 67 
 
 166 
 
 83 
 
 67 
 
 16 
 
 212 
 
 2.2 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 48 
 
 13.5 
 
 13.7 
 
 0.43 
 
 0.65 
 
 54 
 
 151 
 
 76 
 
 61 
 
 15 
 
 200 
 
 3.0 
 
 186 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 tiii 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 O 
 S 
 
 m 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 O 
 
 T3 
 
 >■ 
 o 
 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 cd 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 1909 
 
 1-4 
 
 6, 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 w 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 
 0) 
 O 
 
 X 
 
 
 c 
 
 0) 
 M 
 
 X 
 
 
 y 
 
 o 
 
 fc<J 
 
 z 
 
 z 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 <it- 
 
 O 
 
 Jan. 2 
 
 47 
 
 15.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 1.30 
 
 0.00 
 
 53 
 
 122 
 
 74 
 
 66 
 
 8 
 
 208 
 
 3.6 
 
 
 4S 
 
 10.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.53 
 
 34 
 
 54 
 
 71 
 
 69 
 
 2 
 
 168 
 
 6.3 
 
 " 4 
 
 46 
 
 17.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.55 
 
 56 
 
 136 
 
 65 
 
 59 
 
 6 
 
 204 
 
 4.0 
 
 5 
 
 47 
 
 15.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.60 
 
 63 
 
 140 
 
 76 
 
 58 
 
 18 
 
 184 
 
 5.1 
 
 6 
 
 46 
 
 16.0 
 
 9 
 
 0.20 
 
 2.40 
 
 60 
 
 142 
 
 73 
 
 59 
 
 14 
 
 200 
 
 1.7 
 
 
 45 
 
 13.0 
 
 9 4 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.50 
 
 60 
 
 138 
 
 67 
 
 50 
 
 17 
 
 188 
 
 ■6.1 
 
 '■ 8 
 
 45 
 
 15.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.20 
 
 61 
 
 148 
 
 87 
 
 73 
 
 14 
 
 196 
 
 6.2 
 
 " 9 
 
 46 
 
 22.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 71 
 
 168 
 
 95 
 
 79 
 
 16 
 
 204 
 
 0.6 
 
 " 10 
 
 46 
 
 8.8 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.85 
 
 40 
 
 03 
 
 61 
 
 52 
 
 9 
 
 192 
 
 5.6 
 
 " 11 
 
 46 
 
 14.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.80 
 
 0.18 
 
 73 
 
 190 
 
 93 
 
 72 
 
 21 
 
 236 
 
 2.7 
 
 " 12 
 
 46 
 
 16.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.90 
 
 0.02 
 
 65 
 
 194 
 
 64 
 
 48 
 
 16 
 
 232 
 
 2.9 
 
 " 13 
 
 47 
 
 14.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.70 
 
 69 
 
 190 
 
 89 
 
 64 
 
 2b 
 
 216 
 
 2.5 
 
 " 14 
 
 48 
 
 16.0 
 
 i;^,o 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.80 
 
 75 
 
 184 
 
 96 
 
 80 
 
 16 
 
 200 
 
 2.6 
 
 " 15 
 
 47 
 
 23.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 1.10 
 
 78 
 
 252 
 
 89 
 
 73 
 
 16 
 
 232 
 
 2.1 
 
 " 16 
 
 47 
 
 18.0 
 
 18.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.02 
 
 83 
 
 244 
 
 112 
 
 86 
 
 26 
 
 256 
 
 0.0 
 
 " 17 
 
 45 
 
 13.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 62 
 
 72 
 
 64 
 
 56 
 
 8 
 
 
 6.0 
 
 " 18 
 
 46 
 
 14.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 1.00 
 
 74 
 
 242 
 
 106 
 
 78 
 
 28 
 
 204 
 
 0.0 
 
 " 19 
 
 46 
 
 21.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.15 
 
 1.00 
 
 68 
 
 182 
 
 87 
 
 66 
 
 21 
 
 200 
 
 1.8 
 
 " 20 
 
 47 
 
 24.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.10 
 
 77 
 
 212 
 
 113 
 
 85 
 
 28 
 
 212 
 
 3.0 
 
 " 21 
 
 47 
 
 20.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.00 
 
 79 
 
 226 
 
 103 
 
 77 
 
 26 
 
 232 
 
 1.2 
 
 " 22 
 
 48 
 
 23.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 1.00 
 
 79 
 
 248 
 
 143 
 
 86 
 
 5V 
 
 224 
 
 0.0 
 
 " 23 
 
 47 
 
 22.0 
 
 10,0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 80 
 
 210 
 
 146 
 
 78 
 
 68 
 
 196 
 
 3.1 
 
 " 24 
 
 46 
 
 10.0 
 
 9 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.20 
 
 40 
 
 52 
 
 64 
 
 47 
 
 IV 
 
 100 
 
 4.6 
 
 " 25 
 
 45 
 
 16.0 
 
 9 7 
 
 0.25 
 
 2.00 
 
 75 
 
 178 
 
 81 
 
 63 
 
 18 
 
 200 
 
 3.6 
 
 " 26 
 
 46 
 
 ■17.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.70 
 
 75 
 
 190 
 
 80 
 
 54 
 
 26 
 
 208 
 
 2.8 
 
 " 27 
 
 47 
 
 18.0 
 
 8 n 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.50 
 
 78 
 
 174 
 
 76 
 
 50 
 
 26 
 
 204 
 
 2.9 
 
 " 30 
 
 46 
 
 13.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.00 
 
 72 
 
 188 
 
 101 
 
 76 
 
 25 
 
 240 
 
 2.9 
 
 " 31 
 
 45 
 4G 
 
 14.0 
 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 1.00 
 
 36 
 66 
 
 54 
 165 
 
 66 
 
 87 
 
 55 
 66 
 
 11 
 21 
 
 168 
 206 
 
 6.8 
 
 Average. . . 
 
 16.3 
 
 0.41 
 
 0.98 
 
 3.2 
 
 187 
 

 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 a 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 0) 
 
 S 
 
 t/j 
 CS 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 g 
 tu 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 
 Matter 
 
 n 
 
 o 
 
 Q 
 
 .Sea 
 
 Is 
 
 ■a a 
 
 ■0 
 
 > 
 
 Date 
 1909 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 M 
 O 
 
 5 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 a) a 
 
 
 
 •a 
 1 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 
 m 
 
 V. 
 
 s 
 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 F« 
 
 sb. 1 
 
 ' 2 
 
 ' 4 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ' 8 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 10 
 
 ' 11 
 
 ' 12 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ' 14 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ' 16 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ' 18 
 
 ' 19 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 28 
 
 4u 
 40 
 4G 
 4« 
 4G 
 44 
 4G 
 4G 
 4G 
 4G 
 4G 
 4G 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 4G 
 4G 
 41 
 43 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 20.0 
 15.0 
 19.0 
 18.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 18.0 
 21.0 
 20.0 
 20.0 
 19.0 
 19.0 
 15.0 
 18.0 
 14.0 
 IG.O 
 17.0 
 IG.O 
 G.8 
 17.0 
 11.0 
 
 1G.5 
 
 11 
 
 11.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 G.O 
 
 8.3 
 
 8.7 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.70 
 1.00 
 0.55 
 0.20 
 90 
 0.20 
 0.30 
 0.G5 
 0.90 
 0.25 
 0.25 
 0.30 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.15 
 0.25 
 0.40 
 
 0.39 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.85 
 
 1.10 
 
 0.70 
 
 1.70 
 
 2.00 
 
 1.4 
 
 O.GO 
 
 1.7 
 
 1.2 
 
 1.40 
 
 1.80 
 
 1.40 
 
 2.30 
 
 1.70 
 
 l.GO 
 
 1.70 
 
 2.4 
 
 3.2 
 
 3.1 
 
 1.5G 
 
 74 
 72 
 75 
 78 
 69 
 34 
 80 
 76 
 71 
 76 
 74 
 78 
 46 
 74 
 61 
 69 
 62 
 Gl 
 26 
 60 
 50 
 
 65 
 
 180 
 204 
 234 
 244 
 204 
 
 68 
 200 
 226 
 228 
 202 
 236 
 204 
 
 64 
 166 
 118 
 166 
 196 
 144 
 
 44 
 110 
 
 74 
 
 167 
 
 93 
 
 90 
 
 99 
 
 106 
 
 97 
 
 65 
 
 102 
 
 87 
 
 127 
 
 104 
 
 100 
 
 92 
 
 G6 
 
 114 
 
 80 
 
 52 
 
 82 
 
 82 
 
 70 
 
 80 
 
 56 
 
 88 
 
 67 
 79 
 80 
 72 
 74 
 58 
 77 
 70 
 75 
 74 
 88 
 84 
 54 
 84 
 52 
 40 
 60 
 64 
 62 
 58 
 48 
 
 68 
 
 26 
 
 11 
 
 19 
 
 34. 
 
 23 
 
 7 
 25 
 17 
 52 
 30 
 12 
 
 8 
 12 
 30 
 28 
 
 G 
 22 
 18 
 
 8 
 22 
 
 8 
 
 20 
 
 252 
 224 
 232 
 212 
 208 
 172 
 200 
 212 
 204 
 196 
 212 
 228 
 172 
 232 
 188 
 196 
 200 
 176 
 148 
 184 
 184 
 
 202 
 
 1 20 
 1.70 
 1.40 
 0.55 
 3.30 
 5.50 
 0.52 
 2.50 
 2.10 
 2.40 
 2.80 
 2.00 
 6.80- 
 2.70 
 4.70 
 3.70 
 2.80 
 4.30 
 8.20 
 3.70 
 6.40 
 
 Average 
 
 3.30 
 
 188 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 a 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 T3 
 
 E 
 
 3 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 g 
 
 >. 
 y. 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 6 
 
 It 
 
 o 
 
 Date 
 1909 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 cS 
 
 '3 
 o 
 
 ffl a 
 
 m 
 
 0) 
 
 'C 
 
 z 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 (3 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 Mch. 2 
 
 ■^' 4 
 
 " 6 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 30 
 
 44 
 45 
 44 
 44 
 45 
 45 
 44 
 44 
 45 
 45 
 44 
 42 
 43 
 43 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 1(3.0 
 17.0 
 IG.O 
 15.0 
 22.0 
 18,0 
 12.0 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 13.0 
 9.2 
 12.0 
 15.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 8.7 
 11.0 
 14.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 12.0 
 10.0 
 10. 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 
 9.0 
 12.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 10.6 
 
 0.20 
 1.10 
 0.25 
 0.35 
 0.90 
 0.30 
 0.25 
 0.90 
 0.35 
 0.25 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.80 
 0.40 
 0.90 
 
 1.40 
 0.90 
 1.45 
 1.75 
 1.20 
 1.30 
 1.95 
 1.30 
 1.75 
 1.95 
 1.90 
 2.30 
 1.80 
 2.20 
 2.60 
 
 m 
 
 60 
 64 
 60 
 63 
 61 
 50 
 57 
 58 
 55 
 52 
 52 
 48 
 38 
 58 
 
 56 
 
 126 
 182 
 194 
 138 
 166 
 150 
 
 90 
 140 
 164 
 122 
 
 98 
 
 96 
 108 
 
 72 
 106 
 
 130 
 
 84 
 98 
 88 
 86 
 86 
 96 
 82 
 
 104 
 98 
 94 
 80 
 80 
 74 
 64 
 
 126 
 
 89 
 
 66 
 88 
 66 
 64 
 64 
 74 
 50 
 90 
 64 
 74 
 56 
 58 
 62 
 42 
 78 
 
 66 
 
 18 
 10 
 22 
 22 
 22 
 22 
 32 
 14 
 34 
 20 
 24 
 22 
 12 
 22 
 48 
 
 23 
 
 196 
 200 
 224 
 200 
 192 
 196 
 180 
 184 
 192 
 196 
 184 
 188 
 220 
 208 
 200 
 
 197 
 
 3.6 
 3.6 
 4.1 
 5.3 
 3.5 
 3.8 
 5.4 
 3.6 
 3.9 
 4.3 
 5.4 
 3.7 
 4.6 
 4.1 
 4.6 
 
 Average 
 
 0.49 
 
 1.7 
 
 4.2 
 
 Note — ^Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 bo 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 B 
 
 a 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 "3 
 6 
 
 til 
 U 
 
 G 
 
 0) 
 
 O 
 
 3 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 .S OS 
 
 :^ '~ 
 
 X. 
 
 Date 
 1909 
 
 o 
 
 'S 
 
 u 
 O 
 
 '3 
 o 
 
 <D S 
 
 
 El 
 
 -4-1 
 
 3 
 o 
 
 
 •a 
 
 E 
 
 c. 
 O 
 
 A 
 
 pr. 1 
 
 ' 3 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 11 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ' 19 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 23 
 
 ' 25 
 
 ' 27 
 
 ' 29 
 
 43 
 43 
 43 
 44 
 44 
 45 
 47 
 46 
 45 
 47 
 47 
 46 
 48 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 15.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 9.2 
 
 9.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 15.0 
 
 20.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 19.0 
 
 19.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 10.0 
 
 6.4 
 
 14.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 0.25 
 1.10 
 0.50 
 1.80 
 1.30 
 0.40 
 1.60 
 2.40 
 0.20 
 0.80 
 0.45 
 0.'30 
 0.25 
 0.35 
 
 2.00 
 0.20 
 2.30 
 0.60 
 1.10 
 1.60 
 1.10 
 0.00 
 a. 90 
 2.00 
 2.15 
 2.10 
 2.40 
 2.05 
 
 45 
 47 
 43 
 56 
 40 
 55 
 41 
 44 
 47 
 58 
 58 
 48 
 59 
 57 
 
 50 
 
 92 
 
 88 
 
 60 
 
 118 
 
 72 
 
 130 
 
 102 
 
 138 
 
 96 
 
 128 
 
 136 
 
 88 
 
 180 
 
 208 
 
 117 
 
 86 
 
 78 
 
 72 
 
 76 
 
 72 
 
 96 
 
 74 
 
 72 
 
 74 
 
 108 
 
 138 
 
 74 
 
 106 
 
 80 
 
 86 
 
 58 
 60 
 56 
 54 
 64 
 72 
 56 
 58 
 60 
 62 
 52 
 56 
 74 
 58 
 
 60 
 
 28 
 18 
 16 
 22 
 8 
 24 
 18 
 14 
 14 
 46 
 86 
 18 
 32 
 22 
 
 26 
 
 196 
 200 
 160 
 216 
 192 
 212 
 172 
 212 
 188 
 204 
 200 
 228 
 216 
 216 
 
 200 
 
 4.0 
 3.1 
 6.2 
 4.1 
 6.0 
 3.1 
 4.7 
 4.1 
 2.9 
 2.9 
 3.2 
 7.3 
 1.3 
 ■t.7 
 
 Average 
 
 13.5 
 
 0.84 
 
 1.6 
 
 1.3 
 
 Note — Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 189 
 
Parts per Million 
 
 
 bi 
 cp 
 
 P 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 t3 
 
 B 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 o 
 be 
 
 >. 
 X 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CV3 
 
 
 o 
 
 a I 
 
 a S 
 
 > 
 
 Date 
 1909 
 
 o 
 
 "a 
 
 a 
 
 O 
 
 .2 
 '3 
 o 
 
 S a 
 
 w 
 
 (V 
 
 z 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 t/1 
 m 
 
 (3 
 
 CU 
 
 >> 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 iWay 1 
 
 " 3 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 11 
 
 '• 13 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 23 
 
 25 
 
 •■ 27 
 
 " 28 
 
 40 
 47 
 49 
 50 
 52 
 52 
 52 
 53 
 52 
 52 
 53 
 52 
 54 
 55 
 56 
 
 52 
 
 11 
 12 
 20 
 22 
 15 
 16 
 20 
 23 
 15 
 21 
 22 
 17 
 20 
 19 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 
 9.4 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 10.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 13.0 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 11.3 
 
 1.70 
 0.50 
 0.40 
 1.20 
 0.80 
 0.30 
 0.25 
 2.00 
 0.60 
 0.40 
 1.40 
 0.40 
 0.30 
 0.35 
 0.35 
 
 0.73 
 
 0.7 
 0.9 
 1.8 
 0.8 
 1.4 
 2.0 
 2.3 
 0.1 
 2.0 
 2.2 
 0.4 
 0.2 
 l.G 
 1.3 
 1.4 
 
 1.3 
 
 47 
 40 
 56 
 57 
 40 
 57 
 59 
 59 
 57 
 62 
 71 
 45 
 62 
 64 
 59 
 
 55 
 
 150 
 100 
 160 
 170 
 108 
 148 
 186 
 194 
 106 
 210 
 196 
 120 
 192 
 188 
 186 
 
 IGl 
 
 104 
 
 88 
 
 84 
 
 116 
 
 86 
 
 124 
 
 118 
 
 122 
 
 92 
 
 108 
 
 164 
 
 98 
 
 112 
 
 140 
 
 120 
 
 112 
 
 GO 
 66 
 60 
 70 
 74 
 58 
 74 
 88 
 54 
 76 
 96 
 82 
 80 
 92 
 70 
 
 73 
 
 44 
 22 
 24 
 46 
 12 
 66 
 44 
 34 
 38 
 32 
 68 
 16 
 32 
 48 
 50 
 
 39 
 
 208 
 200 
 212 
 200 
 208 
 196 
 200 
 240 
 217 
 220 
 220 
 220 
 232 
 240 
 212 
 
 215 
 
 4.2 
 
 3.1 
 
 1.7 
 
 3.8 
 
 3.3 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.5 
 
 3.2 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.3 
 
 1.9 
 
 3.0 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.63 
 
 2.1 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 2.5' 
 
 Note — Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 fa 
 
 hb 
 
 CD 
 
 Q 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 S 
 
 w 
 a 
 
 & 
 
 CD 
 bO 
 
 r^ 
 
 CD 
 
 'u 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 a - 
 
 -^ 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 Date 
 1909 
 
 % 
 
 
 'S 
 
 
 a 
 ? a 
 
 g 
 
 CU 
 
 ■3 
 
 QJ 
 
 I 
 
 
 fa 
 
 0; 
 
 c 
 m 
 bo 
 >, 
 X 
 
 
 
 .June 1 
 
 ■• 3 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 11 
 
 •■ 13 
 
 •• 15 
 
 ■■ 17 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 30 
 
 55 
 
 57 
 
 56 
 57 
 56 
 57 
 58 
 57 
 57 
 56 
 59 
 62 
 62 
 61 
 62 
 
 58 
 
 23 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 21 
 22 
 12 
 15 
 13 
 15 
 16 
 17 
 15 
 12 
 13 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 15 
 18 
 14 
 17 
 12 
 16 
 16 
 18 
 18 
 17 
 19 
 18 
 16 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 0.50 
 0.45 
 0.00 
 0.35 
 0.35 
 0.60 
 0.05 
 0.80 
 0.20 
 0.00 
 0.10 
 0.05 
 0.03 
 0.04 
 0.02 
 
 0.8L) 
 0.95 
 0.40 
 0.55 
 0.45 
 0.70 
 0.15 
 0.00 
 0.30 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.45 
 0.78 
 0.56 
 0.25 
 
 0.45 
 
 65 
 64 
 64 
 51 
 66 
 64 
 44 
 54 
 54 
 56 
 58 
 58 
 55 
 39 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 202 
 224 
 204 
 142 
 240 
 198 
 114 
 184 
 214 
 178 
 184 
 220 
 236 
 98 
 264 
 
 193 
 
 140 
 
 122 
 
 166 
 
 82 
 
 132 
 
 134 
 
 104 
 
 92 
 
 82 
 
 92 
 
 104 
 
 94 
 
 94 
 
 48 
 
 116 
 
 107 
 
 110 
 90 
 
 104 
 62 
 
 100 
 80 
 70 
 62 
 62 
 70 
 78 
 78 
 78 
 46 
 96 
 
 79 
 
 30 
 32 
 62 
 20 
 32 
 54 
 34 
 30 
 20 
 22 
 26 
 16 
 16 
 2 
 20 
 
 28 
 
 240 
 232 
 256 
 212 
 232 
 223 
 212 
 224 
 224 
 248 
 248 
 232 
 268 
 208 
 248 
 
 234 
 
 1.7 
 1.1 
 0.9 
 0.7 
 0.4 
 0.4 
 1.5 
 1.3 
 1.4 
 0.6 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.7 
 
 Note — ^Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 190 
 
Appendix G. 
 
 Data Relating to the Character of Sludge 
 
 of the Several Compartments 
 
 of the Septic and Settling Tanks. 
 
 191 
 
Weight of Sludge per Cu. Yard (Pounds). 
 
 Date 
 
 Sections of Tank. 
 
 Weiglited 
 
 Average of 
 
 Sections. 
 
 ^ 
 
 2 
 
 £ 
 
 4 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 Aug. 26, " . 
 Sept. 11, " . 
 Nov. 9, " . 
 Dec. 3, " . 
 Jan. 9, 1909. 
 Feb. 2, " . 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 May 5, " . 
 Sept. 3, " . 
 
 1752 
 1735 
 1786 
 1752 
 1752 
 1752 
 1770 
 1854 
 1820 
 1837 
 1911 
 
 1794 
 
 1720 
 1720 
 1720 
 1735 
 1735 
 1786 
 1770 
 1786 
 1820 
 1837 
 1921 
 
 1777 
 
 1720 
 1720 
 1720 
 1735 
 1735 
 1752 
 1752 
 1786 
 1810 
 1810 
 1820 
 
 1760 
 
 1720 
 1720 
 1720 
 1735 
 1720 
 
 1752 
 1786 
 1810 
 1810 
 1820 
 
 1709 
 
 1728 
 1721 
 1730 
 1740 
 1735 
 17G4 
 1766 
 1821 
 1818 
 1826 
 1898 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 1777 
 
 Specific Gravity. 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.03 
 
 Aug. 26, " . 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 Sept. 11, " . 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.03 
 
 Nov. 9, " . 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 Dec. 3, " . 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.03 
 
 Jan. 9, 1909. 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.04 
 
 
 1.05 
 
 Feb. 2, " 
 
 1.05 
 
 1.05 
 
 1.04 
 
 i.04 
 
 1.05 
 
 Mar, 2, " . 
 
 1.10 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.08 
 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.08 
 
 May 5, " . 
 
 1.09 
 
 1.09 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.08 
 
 June 3, " . 
 
 1.14 
 
 1.14 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.13 
 
 Average 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.05 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.05 
 
 Water (Per Cent.) 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 
 91 
 
 94 
 
 94 
 
 96 
 
 94 
 
 Aug. 26, " . 
 
 92 
 
 92 
 
 94 
 
 94 
 
 93 
 
 Sept. 11, " . 
 
 89 
 
 94 
 
 94 
 
 94 
 
 93 
 
 Nov. 9, " . 
 
 89 
 
 93 
 
 94 
 
 93 
 
 92 
 
 Dec. 3, " . 
 
 91 
 
 91 
 
 92 
 
 92 
 
 92 
 
 Jan. 9, 1909. 
 
 90 
 
 92 
 
 93 
 
 
 92 
 
 Feb. 2, " . 
 
 89 
 
 91 
 
 93 
 
 93 
 
 92 
 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 
 81 
 
 89 
 
 89 
 
 91 
 
 88 
 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 
 87 
 
 
 87 
 
 89 
 
 89 
 
 88 
 
 May 5, " . 
 
 84 
 
 
 84 
 
 88 
 
 88 
 
 86 
 
 June 3, " . 
 
 78 
 
 
 78 
 
 86 
 
 86 
 
 82 
 
 Average 
 
 87.4 
 
 89.5 
 
 91.5 
 
 91.6 
 
 90.0 
 
 192 
 
* Volatile Matter (Per Cent.) 
 
 Aus. 0. iaiJS- 
 
 50 
 
 79 
 
 79 
 
 67 
 
 09 
 
 Aug. 26, " . 
 
 55 
 
 54 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 52 
 
 Sept. 11, " . 
 
 63 
 
 55 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 55 
 
 Nov. 9, " . 
 
 63 
 
 50 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 54 
 
 Dec. 3, " . 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 63 
 
 54 
 
 53 
 
 Jan. 9, 1909. 
 
 57 
 
 55 
 
 52 
 
 
 55 
 
 Feb. 2, " . 
 
 59 
 
 55 
 
 • 54 
 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 
 48 
 
 54 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 
 51 
 
 51 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 50 
 
 May 5, " . 
 
 53 
 
 53 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 49 
 
 June 3, " . 
 
 33 
 ". ^ 53.1 
 
 33 
 53.8 
 
 40 
 51.8 
 
 40 
 50.8 
 
 36 
 
 Averase 
 
 52.6 
 
 Nitrogen (Per Cent.) 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908 
 
 2.1 
 
 4.4 
 
 4.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 3.3 
 
 Aug. 2G, " 
 
 3.0 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.9 
 
 2.6 
 
 Sept. 11, " 
 
 2.1 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.8 
 
 2.4 
 
 Nov. 9, " 
 
 2.9 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.8 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.7 
 
 Dec. 3, " 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.3 
 
 Jan. 9, 1909 
 
 • 2.5 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.6 
 
 
 2.6 
 
 Feb. 2, " 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.3 
 
 2!7 
 
 2.4 
 
 Mar. 2, " 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.4 
 
 Apr. 3, " 
 
 1.9 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.1 
 
 May 5, " 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.1 
 
 June 3, " 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.4 
 2.43 
 
 2.4 
 . 2.56 
 
 2.4 
 2.48 
 
 1.9 
 
 Average. . . 
 
 2.23 
 
 2.42 
 
 Fats (Per Cent.) 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908 
 
 5.6 
 
 9.2 
 
 9.2 
 
 9.5 
 
 8.4 
 
 Aug. 26, " 
 
 6.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 6.4 
 
 7.3 
 
 6.3 
 
 Sept. 11, " 
 
 3.8 
 
 6.3 
 
 6.6 
 
 7.0 
 
 5.9 
 
 Nov. 9, " 
 
 5.1 
 
 5.2 
 
 5.2 
 
 5.2 
 
 5.2 
 
 Dec. 3, " 
 
 5.9 
 
 4.9 
 
 5.1 
 
 4.4 
 
 5.1 
 
 Jan. 9, 1909 
 
 4.9 
 
 4.3 
 
 5.4 
 
 
 4.9 
 
 Feb. 2, " 
 
 4.7 
 
 3.8 
 
 4.4 
 
 7'.3 
 
 5.1 
 
 Mar. 2, " 
 
 2.2 
 
 3.6 
 
 3.4 
 
 3.5 
 
 3.2 
 
 Apr. 3, " 
 
 5.7 
 
 5.7 
 
 3.8 
 
 3.8 
 
 4.7 
 
 May 5, " 
 
 5.4 
 
 5.4 
 
 4.4 
 
 4.4 
 
 3.9 
 
 June 3, " 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.5 
 
 4.4 
 
 4.4 
 
 3.4 
 
 
 
 5.15 
 
 5.30 
 
 5.68 
 
 ( . 
 
 Average... 
 
 4.71 
 
 5.19 
 
 193 
 
Weight of Sludge per Cti. Yard (Pounds). 
 
 Date 
 
 Sections of Tank. 
 
 Weighted 
 
 Average of 
 
 Sections. 
 
 
 1. 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 Sept. 3, " . 
 Oct. 8, " . 
 Nov. 21, " . 
 Dec. 24, " . 
 Feb. 2, 1909. 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 May 5, " . 
 June 3, " . 
 
 1735 
 1820 
 1752 
 1810 
 1810 
 1752 
 1810 
 1786 
 1820 
 1820 
 
 1791 
 
 17.35 
 1735 
 1720 
 1752 
 1770 
 1752 
 1786 
 1786 
 1820 
 1820 
 
 1768 
 
 1735 
 1720 
 1702 
 1770 
 1786 
 1752 
 1786 
 1810 
 1820 
 1786 
 
 1767 
 
 1735 
 1720 
 1702 
 1752 
 1770 
 1752 
 1786 
 1810 
 1820 
 1786 
 
 1763 
 
 1735 
 1780 
 1724 
 1774 
 1784 
 1752 
 1792 
 1795 
 1820 
 1810 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 177-6 
 
 Specific Gravity. 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.03 
 
 Sept. 3, " . 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.03 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.05 
 
 Oct. 8, " . 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.02 
 
 1.01 
 
 1.01 
 
 1.02 
 
 Nov. 21, " . 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.05 
 
 1.Q4 
 
 1.05 
 
 Dec. 24, " . 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.05 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.05 
 
 1.05 
 
 Feb. 2, 1909. 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.04 
 
 1.04 
 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.06 
 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.06 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.07 
 
 1.06 
 
 May 5, " . 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.08 
 
 1.08 
 
 June 3, " . 
 
 1.08 
 1.06 
 
 1.08 
 1.05 
 
 1.06 
 1.05 
 
 1.06- 
 1.05 
 
 1.07 
 
 Average .... 
 
 1.05 
 
 Water (Per Cent.) 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 
 96 
 
 96 
 
 96 
 
 97 
 
 96 
 
 Sept. 3, " . 
 
 90 
 
 92 
 
 92 
 
 94 
 
 92 
 
 Oct. 8, " . 
 
 91 
 
 94 
 
 95 
 
 95 
 
 94- 
 
 Nov. 21, " . 
 
 89 
 
 93 
 
 92 
 
 93 
 
 92 
 
 Dec. 24, " . 
 
 87 
 
 91 
 
 91 
 
 90 
 
 90 
 
 Feb. 2, 1909. 
 
 92 
 
 93 
 
 92 
 
 93 
 
 93 
 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 
 85 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 
 89 
 
 88 
 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 
 88 
 
 88 
 
 89 
 
 89 
 
 89 
 
 May 5, " . 
 
 87 
 
 87 
 
 87 
 
 87 
 
 87 
 
 June 3, " . 
 
 86 
 89 
 
 86 
 91 
 
 91 
 92 
 
 91 
 
 9'2 
 
 88 
 
 Average 
 
 91 
 
 194 
 

 Volatile Matter 
 
 (Per Cent.) 
 
 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 
 5G 
 
 GO 
 
 GO 
 
 61 
 
 GO 
 
 Sept. 3, " . 
 
 58 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 55 
 
 53 
 
 Oct. 8, " . 
 
 ty.i 
 
 58 
 
 58 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 Nov. 21, " 
 
 71 
 
 50 
 
 52 
 
 50 
 
 59 
 
 Dec. 24, " . 
 
 54 
 
 50 
 
 4G 
 
 4G 
 
 49 
 
 Feb. 2, 1909. 
 
 58 
 
 51 
 
 52 
 
 57 
 
 55 
 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 
 59 
 
 53 
 
 51 
 
 51 
 
 54 
 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 
 53 
 
 53 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 50 
 
 May 5, " . 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 June 3, " . 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 58 
 
 58 
 
 54 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 56.7 
 
 52.6 
 
 ■52.1 
 
 53.6 
 
 53.8 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen (Per Cent.) 
 
 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908. 
 
 2.8 
 
 3.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 Sept. 3, " . 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.4 
 
 Oct. 8, " . 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.6 
 
 Nov. 21, " . 
 
 2.7 
 
 3.8 
 
 3.2 
 
 3.3 
 
 3.3 
 
 Dec. 24, " . 
 
 2.6 
 
 2.1 
 
 2.8 
 
 2 . 2 
 
 2.4 
 
 Feb. 2, 1909. 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 Mar. 2, " . 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.5 
 
 3.1 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.6 
 
 Apr. 3, " . 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.4 
 
 May 5, " . 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.3 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.2 
 
 June 3, " . 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.7 
 
 2.3 
 
 Average .... 
 
 2.42 
 
 2.52 
 
 2.70 
 
 2.57 
 
 2.56 
 
 
 
 F^ts (Per Cent.) 
 
 
 
 Aug. 8, 1908 
 
 6.5 
 
 5.0 
 
 5.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 Sept. 3, " 
 
 5.3 
 
 4.8 
 
 4.9 
 
 5.2 
 
 5.1 
 
 Oct. 8, " 
 
 5.8 
 
 5.9 
 
 4.7 
 
 4.9 
 
 5.3 
 
 Nov. 21, " 
 
 7.8 
 
 6.9 
 
 6.9 
 
 3.6 
 
 6.3 
 
 Dec. 24, " 
 
 4.4 
 
 6.5 
 
 5.4 
 
 2.0 
 
 4.6 
 
 Feb. 2, 1909 
 
 5.5 
 
 5.9 
 
 5.5 
 
 4.1 
 
 5.3 
 
 Mar. 2, " 
 
 4.0 
 
 3.6 
 
 4.8 
 
 3.9 
 
 4.1 
 
 Apr. 3, " 
 
 3.4 
 
 3.4 
 
 4.3 
 
 4.3 
 
 3.8 
 
 May 5, " 
 
 4.3 
 
 4.3 
 
 3.4 
 
 3.4 
 
 3.8 
 
 June 3, " 
 
 4.9 
 
 4.9 
 
 5.3 
 
 5.3 
 
 5.1 
 
 Average . . . 
 
 5.19 
 
 5.12 
 
 5.02 * 
 
 4.27 
 
 4.90 
 
 195 
 
Appendix H. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent 
 and Effluent of Settling Tank. 
 
Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 Oxygen 
 Consumed. 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 6 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Organic. 
 
 2 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 o B 
 
 g 
 
 en 
 
 z 
 
 o 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 1 
 
 0) 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 M 
 
 i5 
 
 'a 
 
 CD 
 
 ■a 
 a 
 
 CO 
 
 m 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 CU 
 
 > 
 "o 
 
 CO 
 Cfl 
 
 B 
 
 ■a 
 
 -o 
 a 
 
 o. 
 
 CO 
 
 3 
 M 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 E 
 
 Ha 
 d S 
 
 Aug. 5 
 
 8.2 
 
 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.19 
 
 58 
 
 39 
 
 19 
 
 154 
 
 79 
 
 54 
 
 25 
 
 220 
 
 " 12 
 
 14.0 
 
 9.2 
 
 4.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.12 
 
 49 
 
 32 
 
 17 
 
 148 
 
 75 
 
 61 
 
 14 
 
 200 
 
 " 14 
 
 11.0 
 
 7.8 
 
 3.2 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.27 
 
 50 
 
 33 
 
 17 
 
 156 
 
 80 
 
 65 
 
 15 
 
 212 
 
 " IB 
 
 9.6 
 
 8.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.19 
 
 46 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 140 
 
 61 
 
 50 
 
 11 
 
 252 
 
 " 16 
 
 8.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 2.4 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.08 
 
 35 
 
 23 
 
 12 
 
 86 
 
 62 
 
 49 
 
 13 
 
 184 
 
 " 17 
 
 11.0 
 
 7.8 
 
 3.2 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.15 
 
 46 
 
 32 
 
 14 
 
 124 
 
 108 
 
 55 
 
 53 
 
 200 
 
 " 19 
 
 9.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 3.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.10 
 
 48 
 
 30 
 
 18 
 
 142 
 
 80 
 
 54 
 
 26 
 
 196 
 
 " 20 
 
 7.0 
 
 4.6 
 
 2.4 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 44 
 
 32 
 
 12 
 
 128 
 
 80 
 
 63 
 
 17 
 
 196 
 
 " 21 
 
 9.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 3.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.10 
 
 50 
 
 33 
 
 17 
 
 128 
 
 88 
 
 65 
 
 23 
 
 200 
 
 " 22 
 
 8.2 
 
 4.9 
 
 3.3 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 35 
 
 24 
 
 11 
 
 94 
 
 48 
 
 42 
 
 6 
 
 176 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 24 
 
 6.4 
 12.0 
 
 2.3 
 7.0 
 
 4.1 
 
 5.0 
 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 
 0.02 
 0.00 
 
 0.02 
 0.08 
 
 "8 
 49 
 
 18 
 31 
 
 10 
 18 
 
 56 
 112 
 
 50 
 82 
 
 43 
 65 
 
 7 
 17 
 
 144 
 236 
 
 " 25 
 
 11.0 
 
 7.8 
 
 3.2 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.03 
 
 54 
 
 33 
 
 21 
 
 132 
 
 76 
 
 20 
 
 56 
 
 272 
 
 " 26 
 
 15.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 8.2 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 56 
 
 33 
 
 23 
 
 126 
 
 84 
 
 61 
 
 23 
 
 224 
 
 " 27 
 
 10.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 4,0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.28 
 
 48 
 
 34 
 
 14 
 
 140 
 
 70 
 
 51 
 
 19 
 
 220 
 
 " 28 
 
 12.0 
 
 7.8 
 
 4.2 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.38 
 
 49 
 
 
 
 124 
 
 73 
 
 58 
 
 15 
 
 184 
 
 " 29 
 
 12.0 
 
 3.7 
 
 8.3 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.05 
 
 50 
 
 26 
 
 24 
 
 94 
 
 62 
 
 51 
 
 11 
 
 232 
 
 " 30 
 
 5.6 
 
 2.2 
 
 3.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.05 
 
 32 
 
 21 
 
 11 
 
 52 
 
 47 
 
 42 
 
 5 
 
 164 
 
 " 31 
 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 
 6.6 
 6.1 
 
 4.4 
 4.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.09 
 
 58 
 47 
 
 36 
 30 
 
 22 
 16 
 
 104 
 118 
 
 94 
 74 
 
 73 
 
 54 
 
 21 
 20 
 
 208 
 
 Average . . 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.11 
 
 206 
 
 19S 
 
Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 •a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 { i 
 Date 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 "3 
 
 o 
 
 oS 
 
 to" 
 
 tn 
 
 1 
 
 d 
 
 o 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 "3 " 
 
 .as 
 
 Sept. 1 
 
 9.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.24 
 
 59 
 
 83 
 
 66 
 
 17 
 
 244 
 
 
 ' 2 
 
 8.6 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.20 
 
 58 
 
 80 
 
 59 
 
 21 
 
 288 
 
 
 ' 4 
 
 8.8 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.12 
 
 50 
 
 81 
 
 69 
 
 12 
 
 200 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 9.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.27 
 
 52 
 
 77 
 
 63 
 
 14 
 
 216 
 
 
 • 6 
 
 3.8 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.02 
 
 32 
 
 64 
 
 52 
 
 12 
 
 156 
 
 
 ' 7 
 
 7.2 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.00 
 
 37 
 
 57 
 
 49 
 
 8 
 
 170 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 10.0 
 
 •14.0 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.01 
 
 59 
 
 107 
 
 84 
 
 23 
 
 252 
 
 
 ' 11 
 
 13.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.09 
 
 79 
 
 98 
 
 76 
 
 22 
 
 228 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 8.8 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.08 
 
 60 
 
 83 
 
 62 
 
 21 
 
 204 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 9.2 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.01 
 
 47 
 
 81 
 
 65 
 
 16 
 
 138 
 
 
 • 14 
 
 11.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.04 
 
 60 
 
 104 
 
 86 
 
 18 
 
 220 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 11.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.00 
 
 57 
 
 64 
 
 52 
 
 12 
 
 236 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 8.4 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.00 
 
 64 
 
 74 
 
 54 
 
 20 
 
 236 
 
 
 ' 17 
 
 13.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.01 
 
 59 
 
 80 
 
 62 
 
 18 
 
 236 
 
 
 ' 18 
 
 6.4 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.03 
 
 0.19 
 
 71 
 
 89 
 
 71 
 
 18 
 
 272 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 9.4 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.06 
 
 66 
 
 99 
 
 69 
 
 30 
 
 216 
 
 
 • 21 
 
 13.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 70 
 
 83 
 
 69 
 
 14 
 
 236 
 
 
 ' 22 
 
 7.6 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.00 
 
 67 
 
 77 
 
 62 
 
 15 
 
 236 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 6.8 
 
 19.0 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.00 
 
 69 
 
 67 
 
 54 
 
 13 
 
 240 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 13.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.05 
 
 74 
 
 68 
 
 53 
 
 15 
 
 276 
 
 
 ' 25 
 
 13.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.00 
 
 74 
 
 86 
 
 66 
 
 20 
 
 248 
 
 
 ' 26 
 
 12.0 
 
 18.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.00 
 
 73 
 
 73 
 
 61 
 
 12 
 
 262 
 
 
 ' 27 
 
 8.9 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.00 
 
 33 
 
 52 
 
 44 
 
 8 
 
 202 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 11.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.00 
 
 59 
 
 89 
 
 61 
 
 28 
 
 204 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 13.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.00 
 
 61 
 
 72 
 
 55 
 
 17 
 
 280 
 
 " 30 
 
 9.9 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.12 
 
 64 
 
 70 
 
 49 
 
 21 
 
 165 
 
 Average... 
 
 _ . 
 9.8 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.06 
 
 60 
 
 79 
 
 62 
 
 17 
 
 225 
 
 199 
 
Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 til 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 1 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 S 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 M 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 6 
 
 Suspendeci 
 Matter 
 
 o 
 
 d a 
 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 s 
 
 u 
 O 
 
 .2 
 "a 
 o 
 
 a a 
 £a 
 
 
 m 
 
 0) 
 
 is 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 
 0) 
 X 
 
 E 
 
 ■a 
 a t> 
 
 laO 
 
 
 
 ct. 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 6 
 
 " 7 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 14 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ' 16 
 
 ■ 17 
 
 ' 18 
 
 ■ 19 
 
 ' 20 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 23 
 
 • 24 
 
 ' 25 
 
 ■ 26 
 
 ' 27 
 
 ' 28.... 
 
 ' 29 
 
 ' 30' 
 
 ' 31 
 
 57 
 53 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 56 
 58 
 54 
 55 
 56 
 57 
 58 
 58 
 57 
 56 
 53 
 52 
 54 
 55 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 56 
 56 
 54 
 52 
 
 56 
 
 S.4 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 21.0 
 
 8.8 
 11.0 
 13.0 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 
 8.1 
 13.0 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 4.5 
 12.0 
 
 9.3 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 13.0 
 15.0 
 9.4 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 16.0 
 19.0 
 15.0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 16.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 
 O.IS 
 0.10 
 0.03 
 0.12 
 0.09 
 0.10 
 0.28 
 0.12 
 0.55 
 0.10 
 0.10 
 0.16 
 0.28 
 0.10 
 0.12 
 0.12 
 0.12 
 0.14 
 0.12 
 0.10 
 0.02 
 0.24 
 0.20 
 0.10 
 0.20 
 0.12 
 0.14 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.82 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.28 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.13 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.17 
 
 0.25' 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.15 
 
 69 
 63 
 40 
 63 
 57 
 62 
 59 
 38 
 58 
 60 
 65 
 66 
 61 
 28 
 58 
 64 
 72 
 70 
 61 
 72 
 37 
 64 
 62 
 65 
 60 
 62 
 65 
 
 59 
 
 13(1 
 132 
 
 71 
 112 
 122 
 128 
 114 
 
 45 
 122 
 136 
 130 
 128 
 124 
 
 55 
 136 
 164 
 170 
 158 
 168 
 156 
 
 63 
 110 
 158 
 126 
 128 
 140 
 128 
 
 124 
 
 36 
 65 
 56 
 86 
 63 
 66 
 44 
 72 
 69 
 86 
 77 
 79 
 67 
 47 
 58 
 75 
 74 
 86 
 82 
 75 
 58 
 95 
 59 
 89 
 61 
 83 
 112 
 
 71 
 
 24 
 55 
 45 
 67 
 50 
 51 
 44 
 51 
 49 
 57 
 59 
 59 
 52 
 42 
 47 
 63 
 52 
 64 
 64 
 62 
 50 
 69 
 57 
 61 
 48 
 64 
 12 
 
 52 
 
 12 
 10 
 11 
 19 
 13 
 15 
 
 
 21 
 20 
 29 
 18 
 20 
 15 
 
 5 
 11 
 12 
 22 
 22 
 18 
 13 
 
 8 
 26 
 
 2 
 
 28 
 
 13 
 
 19 
 
 100 
 
 19 
 
 184 
 200 
 200 
 224 
 260 
 240 
 200 
 148 
 220 
 220 
 236 
 216 
 240 
 210 
 212 
 232 
 248 
 232 
 236 
 228 
 196 
 204 
 240 
 260 
 232 
 220 
 220 
 
 221 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0,00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 
 o.oc 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 
 6!66 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 
 Average . 
 
 11.6 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 200 
 
Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 B 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^O 
 
 
 1908 
 
 bi) 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 tf. 
 
 
 Date 
 
 R 
 
 t> 
 
 "a 
 
 a: 
 
 02 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 to 
 
 a > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 'i 
 
 
 
 CIS 
 
 
 O 
 
 s 
 
 ai 
 O 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 a) 
 
 "3 S 
 
 3 <D 
 
 Sj o 
 
 «.2 
 
 
 h 
 
 o 
 
 &,<! 
 
 z 
 
 g 
 
 -> 
 
 D 
 
 ^ 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 <IE-| 
 
 OO 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 51 
 
 6.1 
 
 15 
 
 0.14 
 
 .10 
 
 37 
 
 53 
 
 49 
 
 36 
 
 13 
 
 190 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 2 
 
 51 
 
 11.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.08 
 
 .21 
 
 61 
 
 104 
 
 64 
 
 46 
 
 18 
 
 256 
 
 0.32 
 
 
 ' 3 
 
 52 
 
 9.3 
 
 15 
 
 0.14 
 
 .17 
 
 47 
 
 112 
 
 86 
 
 66 
 
 29 
 
 220 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ■ 4 
 
 52 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.70 
 
 .20 
 
 56 
 
 134 
 
 64 
 
 50 
 
 14 
 
 244 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 52 
 
 13.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.70 
 
 .75 
 
 68 
 
 148 
 
 70 
 
 55 
 
 15 
 
 216 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ■ 6 
 
 52 
 
 17.0 
 
 11 
 
 1.00 
 
 .00 
 
 66 
 
 166 
 
 76 
 
 54 
 
 22 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 7 
 
 50 
 
 13.0 
 
 12 
 
 0.50 
 
 .12 
 
 55 
 
 122 
 
 70 
 
 55 
 
 15 
 
 220 
 
 0.71 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 51 
 
 7.2 
 
 15 
 
 0.12 
 
 .14 
 
 31 
 
 64 
 
 55 
 
 47 
 
 8 
 
 176 
 
 2.00 
 
 
 • 9 
 
 51 
 
 13.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.10 
 
 .22 
 
 60 
 
 154 
 
 71 
 
 53 
 
 18 
 
 248 
 
 0.16 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 52 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.40 
 
 .17 
 
 60 
 
 170 
 
 71 
 
 55 
 
 16 
 
 228 
 
 0.24 
 
 
 ' 11 
 
 53 
 
 11.0 
 
 13 
 
 1.20 
 
 .10 
 
 50 
 
 144 
 
 54 
 
 37 
 
 17 
 
 232 
 
 O.OO 
 
 
 ■ 12 
 
 52 
 
 13.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.50 
 
 .12 
 
 63 
 
 142 
 
 76 
 
 57 
 
 19 
 
 232 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ■5« 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.20 
 
 .22 
 
 57 
 
 144 
 
 76 
 
 64 
 
 12 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 5!? 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.15 
 
 .22 
 
 59 
 
 144 
 
 90 
 
 69 
 
 21 
 
 224 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 15 1 
 
 50 
 
 9.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.10 
 
 .14 
 
 33 
 
 61 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 2 
 
 184 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 50 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.15 
 
 .22 
 
 58 
 
 130 
 
 57 
 
 44 
 
 13 
 
 256 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 17 
 
 50 
 
 10.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.24 
 
 .58 
 
 58 
 
 166 
 
 80 
 
 64 
 
 16 
 
 262 
 
 0.40 
 
 
 ■ 18 
 
 51 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.10 
 
 .27 
 
 59 
 
 150 
 
 74 
 
 56 
 
 18 
 
 240 
 
 0.08 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 51 
 
 13.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.10 
 
 .32 
 
 61 
 
 138 
 
 79 
 
 57 
 
 22 
 
 232 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 51 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.15 
 
 .27 
 
 58 
 
 152 
 
 77 
 
 55 
 
 22 
 
 236 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 51 
 
 12.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.60 
 
 .40 
 
 60 
 
 112 
 
 80 
 
 72 
 
 14 
 
 424 
 
 1.90 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 51 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.45 
 
 .48 
 
 64 
 
 148 
 
 90 
 
 68 
 
 22 
 
 372 
 
 2.90 
 
 
 • 26 
 
 51 
 
 8.6 
 
 15 
 
 0.60 
 
 .17 
 
 37 
 
 92 
 
 70 
 
 59 
 
 11 
 
 376 
 
 0.26 
 
 
 ' 27 
 
 51 
 
 17.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.60 
 
 .00 
 
 67 
 
 176 
 
 130 
 
 98 
 
 32 
 
 420 
 
 0.69 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 51 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.40 
 
 .90 
 
 64 
 
 162 
 
 83 
 
 55 
 
 28 
 
 420 
 
 3.00 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 50 
 
 8.8 
 
 14 
 
 0.16 
 
 .51 
 
 32 
 
 70 
 
 58 
 
 50 
 
 8 
 
 362 
 
 8.20 
 
 " 30 
 
 50 
 51 
 
 17.0 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 0.60 
 
 .60 
 0.28 
 
 68 
 55 
 
 176 
 131 
 
 114 
 
 75 
 
 67 
 57 
 
 47 
 18 
 
 416 
 
 274 
 
 0.00 
 
 Average . . 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.38 
 
 0.58 
 
 201 
 
Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Mill 
 
 on 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 ■? j 
 
 Suspended. 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 .5^ 
 
 ■3a 
 
 ^ (0 
 
 
 Date 
 
 1908 ' 
 
 — ! 
 
 1 
 2. 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 
 1/ 
 c 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 "5 
 1 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 a > 
 
 (D — 
 
 tin 
 
 IB 
 
 Dec. 1 
 
 .51 
 
 16.0 
 
 12 
 
 0.35 
 
 1 25 
 
 71 
 
 170 
 
 112 
 
 74 
 
 38 
 
 196 
 
 4.3 
 
 " 2 
 
 50 
 
 14.0 
 
 11 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.90 
 
 64 
 
 194 
 
 67 
 
 51 
 
 16 
 
 202 
 
 3,6 
 
 •• 3 . . . 
 
 49 
 
 16.0 
 
 12 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.60 
 
 65 
 
 220 
 
 88 
 
 68 
 
 20 
 
 202 
 
 3,fi 
 
 " 4 
 
 49 
 
 17.0 
 
 11 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.90 
 
 63 
 
 232 
 
 88 
 
 66 
 
 22 
 
 200 
 
 3.2 
 
 
 
 49 
 
 15.0 
 
 11 
 
 . 30 
 
 . 90 
 
 60 
 
 184 
 
 184 
 
 67 
 
 117 
 
 208 
 
 2.6 
 
 " 7 
 
 48 
 
 14.0 
 
 12 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.75 
 
 56 
 
 120 
 
 90 
 
 75 
 
 15 
 
 190 
 
 2.6 
 
 S , . . 
 
 48 
 
 15.0 
 
 11 
 
 0.45 
 
 1.05 
 
 61 
 
 165 
 
 61 
 
 50 
 
 11 
 
 202 
 
 3.5 
 
 " 9 
 
 48 
 
 15.0 
 
 13 
 
 . 70 
 
 0.10 
 
 62 
 
 192 
 
 79 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 186 
 
 5.2 
 
 " 10 
 
 4S 
 
 14.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.40 
 
 59 
 
 180 
 
 81 
 
 63 
 
 18 
 
 214 
 
 3.4 
 
 •■ 11. . 
 
 4v< 11.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.80 
 
 0.00 
 
 58 
 
 186 
 
 82 
 
 64 
 
 18 
 
 202 
 
 2.5 
 
 " 12.... 
 
 4S 
 
 17.0 
 
 12 
 
 0.40 
 
 2.40 
 
 63 
 
 196 
 
 91 
 
 67 
 
 24 
 
 188 
 
 3.2 
 
 " 13 
 
 47 
 
 7 . 
 
 12 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.20 
 
 33 
 
 54 
 
 61 
 
 53 
 
 8 
 
 152 
 
 4.1 
 
 " 14 
 
 47 
 
 11.0 
 
 14 
 
 . 1 
 
 0.30 
 
 58 
 
 148 
 
 78 
 
 65 
 
 13 
 
 202 
 
 2.2 
 
 •• 15 
 
 49 
 
 12.11 
 
 13 
 
 . 40 
 
 0.30 
 
 53 
 
 150 
 
 92 
 
 71 
 
 21 
 
 206 
 
 2.3 
 
 ■ 16 
 
 4S 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.30 
 
 . 70 
 
 54 
 
 166 
 
 91 
 
 70 
 
 21 
 
 220 
 
 1.7 
 
 " 17 
 
 48 
 
 16.0 
 
 14 
 
 (.1 . 40 
 
 
 55 
 
 150 
 
 84 
 
 60 
 
 24 
 
 224 
 
 1.5 
 
 •• 18 
 
 48 
 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 0.10 
 
 
 54 
 
 158 
 
 
 
 < . . 
 
 232 
 
 2.0 
 
 •■ 19 
 
 4S 
 
 17.0 
 
 16 
 
 0.15 
 
 
 52 
 
 146 
 
 i05 
 
 84 
 
 21 
 
 218 
 
 1.9 
 
 " 20 
 
 47 
 
 10.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.40 
 
 43 
 
 63 
 
 76 
 
 64 
 
 12 
 
 162 
 
 4.9 
 
 " 21 
 
 47 
 
 16.0 
 
 15 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.50 
 
 59 
 
 166 
 
 83 
 
 67 
 
 16 
 
 208 
 
 2.3 
 
 •">" 
 
 4s 
 
 15.0 
 
 14 
 
 0.60 
 
 0.30 
 
 57 
 
 210 
 
 83 
 
 67 
 
 16 
 
 212 
 
 2.7 
 
 23 
 
 4S 
 
 15.0 
 
 13 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.40 
 
 59 
 
 200 
 
 86 
 
 69 
 
 17 
 
 206 
 
 1.3 
 
 20 
 
 47 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.45 
 
 52 
 
 114 
 
 77 
 
 75 
 
 2 
 
 188 
 
 1.8 
 
 2^ 
 
 4S 
 
 17.0 
 
 12 
 
 0.40 
 
 1.00 
 
 61 
 
 142 
 
 81 
 
 70 
 
 11 
 
 232 
 
 2.7 
 
 • 30 ... . 
 
 47 
 4S 
 
 10.0 
 
 13 
 13 
 
 0.20 
 
 . 20 
 0.64 
 
 60 
 57 
 
 156 
 162 
 
 78 
 87 
 
 65 
 66 
 
 13 
 21 
 
 200 
 202 
 
 2.0 
 
 Avfrag-e. 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.44 
 
 2.8 
 
 202 
 
Analyses of Influent to Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 Ik 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 O 
 
 1 
 
 be 
 
 .2 
 '2 
 
 
 
 <i> 6 
 2S 
 
 01 
 
 2 
 
 
 O 
 
 (S 
 CD 
 DC 
 >. 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 a 
 a 
 •E 
 o 
 
 § 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 I 
 
 •a 
 
 0) 
 
 E 
 
 •a 
 -. "J 
 
 Is 
 
 Jan. 4 
 
 48 
 
 31 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.90 
 
 98 
 
 200 
 
 362 
 
 226 
 
 136 
 
 216 
 
 5.1 
 
 " 5 
 
 48 
 
 26 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 2.50 
 
 107 
 
 160 
 
 354 
 
 210 
 
 144 
 
 204 
 
 1.6 
 
 " 8 
 
 46 
 
 22 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.50 
 
 84 
 
 146 
 
 190 
 
 150 
 
 40 
 
 200 
 
 5.2 
 
 " 9 
 
 47 
 
 22 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.60 
 
 96 
 
 174 
 
 226 
 
 152 
 
 74 
 
 236 
 
 3.2 
 
 " 12 
 
 48 
 
 24 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.65 
 
 109 
 
 232 
 
 318 
 
 184 
 
 134 
 
 220 
 
 1.2 
 
 " 13 
 
 48 
 
 23 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.85 
 
 101 
 
 186 
 
 290 
 
 200 
 
 90 
 
 212 
 
 0.1 
 
 " 16 
 
 47 
 
 27 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 1.10 
 
 108 
 
 228 
 
 248 
 
 170 
 
 78 
 
 236 
 
 1.3 
 
 " 17 
 
 46 
 
 14 
 
 16.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.30 
 
 58 
 
 62 
 
 122 
 
 52 
 
 70 
 
 188 
 
 5.1 
 
 " 20 
 
 47 
 
 28 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.80 
 
 114 
 
 214 
 
 440 
 
 274 
 
 170 
 
 248 
 
 1.9 
 
 " 21 
 
 47 
 
 27 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.10 
 
 106 
 
 196 
 
 318 
 
 222 
 
 96 
 
 236 
 
 0.8 
 
 " 24 
 
 45 
 
 13 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.70 
 
 60 
 
 52 
 
 168 
 
 114 
 
 54 
 
 168 
 
 1.2 
 
 " 25 
 
 46 
 
 28 
 
 9.7 
 
 0.55 
 
 1.80 
 
 115 
 
 188 
 
 524 
 
 300 
 
 224 
 
 200 
 
 3.8 
 
 " 30 
 
 47 
 
 23 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.12 
 
 119 
 
 206 
 
 398 
 
 278 
 
 120 
 
 268 
 
 1.7 
 
 " 31 
 
 45 
 
 11 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.65 
 
 63 
 
 54 
 
 154 
 
 114 
 
 40 
 
 172 
 
 5.6 
 
 Average 
 
 47 
 
 23 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.31 
 
 1.11 
 
 96 
 
 164 
 
 294 
 
 189 
 
 105 
 
 215 
 
 2.7 
 
 Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 <v 
 
 P 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 <s 
 bo 
 u 
 O 
 
 5 
 '3 
 o 
 
 o a 
 
 o a 
 
 -u 
 
 
 g 
 
 bO 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 a 
 
 "3 
 
 a; 
 
 "3 
 > 
 
 ■6 
 
 .a « 
 
 ■a a 
 
 id ^ 
 
 Bo 
 
 Jan. 4 
 
 47 
 
 15.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.75 
 
 58 
 
 126 
 
 66 
 
 62 
 
 4 
 
 184 
 
 3.2 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 47 
 
 15.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.20 
 
 2.10 
 
 60 
 
 140 
 
 68 
 
 53 
 
 15 
 
 184 
 
 4.V 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 45 
 
 16.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.50 
 
 60 
 
 142 
 
 82 
 
 66 
 
 16 
 
 192 
 
 2.4 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 48 
 
 18.0 
 
 1?.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.10 
 
 68 
 
 160 
 
 103 
 
 88 
 
 15 
 
 212 
 
 2.4 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 47 
 
 17.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.10 
 
 61 
 
 194 
 
 70 
 
 54 
 
 16 
 
 21b 
 
 2.8 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 47 
 
 18.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.40 
 
 70 
 
 192 
 
 86 
 
 62 
 
 24 
 
 216 
 
 2.4 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 47 
 
 22.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.90 
 
 0.00 
 
 84 
 
 254 
 
 97 
 
 79 
 
 18 
 
 252 
 
 2.8 
 
 
 ' 17 
 
 45 
 
 14.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.10 
 
 51 
 
 104 
 
 71 
 
 58 
 
 13 
 
 19b 
 
 4.6 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 47 
 
 20.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.67 
 
 79 
 
 222 
 
 90 
 
 73 
 
 17 
 
 208 
 
 3.8 
 
 
 ' 21 
 
 47 
 
 22.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.10 
 
 80 
 
 222 
 
 85 
 
 66 
 
 19 
 
 232 
 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 45 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.10 
 
 43 
 
 62 
 
 65 
 
 50 
 
 15 
 
 160 
 
 5.8 
 
 
 ' 25 
 
 45 
 
 16.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 0.30 
 
 2.00 
 
 72 
 
 176 
 
 78 
 
 61 
 
 17 
 
 192 
 
 4.8 
 
 
 ' 30 
 
 46 
 
 14.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 1.20 
 
 0.00 
 
 72 
 
 190 
 
 86 
 
 65 
 
 21 
 
 224 
 
 3.3 
 
 " 31 
 
 45 
 46 
 
 10.0 
 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 
 0.50 
 0.39 
 
 0.60 
 1.00 
 
 44 
 64 
 
 65 
 161 
 
 65 
 79 
 
 47 
 63 
 
 18 
 16 
 
 180 
 203 
 
 b.7 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 16.0 
 
 3.6 
 
 203 
 
Analyses of Influent to Settling Tank. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 fa' 
 ci 
 
 a 
 
 H 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 <u 
 
 a 
 
 w 
 
 n 
 o 
 o 
 c 
 
 0; 
 bC 
 >. 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 6 
 a 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 ■3a 
 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 '3 
 
 Ml 
 
 o 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 (u a 
 
 a; cl 
 
 si 
 
 CO 
 
 02 
 
 "3 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 ■a 
 
 d i> 
 
 tjC 
 
 F 
 
 eb. t 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 8 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 12 
 
 ■ 13 
 
 ■ 16 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ■ 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 47 
 47 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 47 
 45 
 45 
 42 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 34.0 
 29.0 
 32.0 
 34.0 
 31.0 
 34.0 
 18.0 
 22.0 
 8.4 
 22.0 
 
 12 
 10 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 11 
 13 
 11 
 10 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 0.40 
 0.30 
 0.40 
 0.55 
 0.50 
 0.55 
 0.30 
 0.30 
 0.40 
 0.70 
 
 0.44 
 
 1.20 
 0.90 
 0.60 
 0.45 
 0.50 
 1.05 
 1.30 
 1.40 
 2.70 
 2.20 
 
 1.2i0 
 
 138 
 
 124 
 
 151 
 
 148 
 
 130 
 
 140 
 
 87 
 
 99 
 
 44 
 
 88 
 
 115 
 
 234 
 250 
 228 
 254 
 250 
 204 
 134 
 194 
 42 
 110 
 
 190 
 
 750 
 530 
 812 
 582 
 440 
 680 
 338 
 398 
 170 
 456 
 
 516 
 
 432 
 254 
 464 
 360 
 292 
 354 
 124 
 164 
 138 
 228 
 
 281 
 
 318 
 
 276 
 348 
 222 
 148 
 326 
 214 
 234 
 32 
 228 
 
 235 
 
 228 
 208 
 252 
 228 
 244 
 236 
 212 
 204 
 164 
 236 
 
 221 
 
 1.3 
 1.8 
 1.5 
 0.7 
 0.2 
 1.7 
 6.1 
 1.6 
 7.3 
 2.7 
 
 A 
 
 verage .... 
 
 26.0 
 
 2.5 
 
 Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fa 
 to 
 
 o 
 a 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 -a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 d 
 o 
 Q 
 d 
 
 bC 
 
 O 
 
 a) 
 d 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 
 .3 w 
 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 'c 
 bo 
 o 
 
 csi 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 0) a 
 £a 
 
 m 
 
 •E 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 1 
 
 -a 
 
 d ;> 
 
 (V) ^H 
 
 Of) 
 
 F 
 
 eb. 4 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 8 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ■ 12 
 
 ■ 13 
 
 ' 16 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 47 
 46 
 47 
 46 
 47 
 46 
 46 
 45 
 41 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 18.0 
 17.0 
 19.0 
 20.0 
 20.0 
 16.0 
 14.0 
 17.0 
 6.0 
 8.0 
 
 •16.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.15 
 0.20 
 0.15 
 0.15 
 0.20 
 0.30 
 0.35 
 0.25 
 0.25 
 0.25 
 
 1.60 
 1.10 
 1.75 
 1.55 
 1.20 
 1.50 
 1.35 
 1.45 
 2.55 
 2.65 
 
 78 
 74 
 82 
 66 
 82 
 75 
 64 
 70 
 24 
 60 
 
 68 
 
 222 
 236 
 198 
 206 
 222 
 204 
 122 
 160 
 48 
 110 
 
 173 
 
 87 
 92 
 77 
 112 
 88 
 88 
 68 
 46 
 66 
 74 
 
 80 
 
 68 
 71 
 77 
 64 
 76 
 78 
 58 
 46 
 66 
 60 
 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 212 
 212 
 192 
 200 
 212 
 200 
 192 
 192 
 148 
 184 
 
 194 
 
 1.7 
 1.7 
 1.7 
 3.9 
 2.9 
 4.1 
 4.7 
 3.7 
 8.7 
 4.5 
 
 
 Average. 
 
 9.8 
 
 0.23 
 
 l.TO 
 
 3.8 
 
 204 
 
Analyses of Influent to Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 til 
 
 0) 
 
 
 n 
 1 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 5 
 
 bo 
 
 g 
 
 ° 
 .a 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 •t" 
 
 .S to 
 
 ■as 
 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 1 
 
 .5 
 
 "3 
 
 O 
 ID B 
 <o a 
 
 
 u 
 ■g 
 
 "3 
 1 
 
 > 
 
 -a 
 
 •a 
 
 Is 
 
 M 
 
 ch. 2 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ' 10 
 
 • 14 
 
 ■ 18 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ■ 30 
 
 46 
 45 
 46 
 45 
 46 
 44 
 44 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 14 
 23 
 18 
 17 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 9.9 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 16.0 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 0.55 
 0.40 
 0.38 
 0.13 
 0.80 
 0.30 
 0.45 
 0.48 
 
 0.44 
 
 1.40 
 0.90 
 1.60 
 0.80 
 0.65 
 1.70 
 1.80 
 2.60 
 
 96 
 96 
 90 
 60 
 83 
 72 
 73 
 87 
 
 82 
 
 158 
 
 172 
 
 156 
 
 91 
 
 151 
 
 75 
 
 97 
 
 101 
 
 125 
 
 260 
 257 
 237 
 172 
 242 
 296 
 212 
 382 
 
 257 
 
 179 
 178 
 156 
 114 
 144 
 136 
 130 
 174 
 
 151 
 
 81 
 79 
 81 
 58 
 98 
 
 160 
 82 
 
 208 
 
 106 
 
 198 
 242 
 206 
 218 
 224 
 176 
 208 
 208 
 
 210 
 
 1.3 
 3.0 
 2.7 
 3.9 
 4.1 
 5.9 
 4.1 
 3.6 
 
 
 Average. 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 3.6 
 
 Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 d 
 
 a 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 S 
 
 § 
 
 o 
 d 
 to 
 
 o 
 
 i 
 
 o 
 
 i 
 
 Suspended 
 Matte* 
 
 CO 
 O 
 
 ■3° 
 
 -3a 
 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 0! 
 
 S 
 
 g 
 
 ■B a 
 
 £a 
 
 -t-> 
 'u 
 
 Is 
 
 i 
 
 rt 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 73 
 CD 
 
 E 
 
 ■a 
 d > 
 
 o5 
 
 M 
 
 ch. 2 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ' 10 
 
 ■ 14 
 
 ' 18 
 
 ' 22 
 
 * 26 
 
 ' 30 
 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 43 
 43 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 17 
 17 
 19 
 11 
 18 
 13 
 13 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 09.3 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 14.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 09.4 
 
 0.20 
 0.20 
 0.90 
 0.35 
 0.40 
 0.15 
 0.30 
 1.00 
 
 1.9 
 0.5 
 1.2 
 1.4 
 1.8 
 1.9 
 2.4 
 1.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 64 
 62 
 62 
 46 
 60 
 51 
 52 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 126 
 
 190 
 
 162 
 
 94 
 
 148 
 
 72 
 
 94 
 
 102 
 
 124 
 
 96 
 84 
 82 
 
 106 
 86 
 76 
 70 
 
 118 
 
 90 
 
 72 
 58 
 58 
 68 
 62 
 52 
 60 
 80 
 
 64 
 
 24 
 26 
 24 
 38 
 24 
 24 
 10 
 38 
 
 26 
 
 196 
 204 
 192 
 184 
 192 
 176 
 192 
 200 
 
 192 
 
 4.2 
 3.8 
 3.7 
 4.8 
 4.3 
 5.9 
 4.9 
 5.3 
 
 Average 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.44 
 
 4.6 
 
 205 
 
Analyses of Influent to Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 (1) 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 Mattel 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 b 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 
 1909 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 •3° 
 
 
 Date. 
 
 S 
 
 d 
 
 '3 
 
 in 
 
 CQ 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 a) 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 0) a 
 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 
 M 
 
 >, 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 
 iS 
 
 ■aa 
 
 OH 
 
 ^2 
 
 S5 
 
 Aprils 
 
 43 
 
 16.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 0.95 
 
 1.20 
 
 72 
 
 62 
 
 284 
 
 141 
 
 143 
 
 208 
 
 3.2 
 
 " 7 
 
 44 
 
 16.0 
 
 5.7 
 
 0.48 
 
 1.90 
 
 67 
 
 100 
 
 247 
 
 127 
 
 120 
 
 174 
 
 3.8 
 
 " 11 
 
 45 
 
 8.9 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.60 
 
 0.88 
 
 72 
 
 75 
 
 123 
 
 103 
 
 20 
 
 200 
 
 4.5 
 
 " 15 
 
 46 
 
 16.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 0.46 
 
 2.40 
 
 80 
 
 99 
 
 243 
 
 136 
 
 107 
 
 186 
 
 3.7 
 
 " 19 
 
 47 
 
 15.0 
 
 9.2 
 
 0.40 
 
 2.40 
 
 75 
 
 90 
 
 190 
 
 110 
 
 80 
 
 186 
 
 0.8 
 
 " 23 
 
 47 
 
 32.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.45 
 
 1.90 
 
 119 
 
 130 
 
 807 
 
 360 
 
 447 
 
 184 
 
 1.5 
 
 " 27 
 
 48 
 46 
 
 29.0 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 ,8.8 
 
 0.40 
 0.68 
 
 1.60 
 1.80 
 
 104 
 84 
 
 171 
 104 
 
 622 
 359 
 
 355 
 
 190 
 
 267 
 169 
 
 202 
 191 
 
 3.8 
 
 Average . . 
 
 3.0 
 
 Note— Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 Analyses of Effluent from Settlilng Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 CD 
 
 Suspended 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 S 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 Q 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 '3 
 
 ^^ 
 
 o 
 
 2 
 
 '3 
 
 
 
 <B a 
 
 14 
 
 to 
 
 0) 
 
 'C 
 
 
 % 
 
 !>. 
 X 
 O 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 6 
 I 
 
 ■a 
 
 E 
 
 1° 
 39 
 
 Aprils 
 
 43 
 
 8.3 
 
 9.7 
 
 1.80 
 
 0.00 
 
 48 
 
 76 
 
 58 
 
 18 
 
 1.6 
 
 " 7 
 
 44 
 
 7.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.10 
 
 38 
 
 58 
 
 44 
 
 14 
 
 4.5 
 
 " 11 
 
 43 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.30 
 
 1.30 
 
 40 
 
 72 
 
 64 
 
 8 
 
 7.8 
 
 " 15 
 
 45 
 
 11.0 
 
 6.7 
 
 1.60 
 
 0.90 
 
 43 
 
 76 
 
 60 
 
 16 
 
 5.4 
 
 ■' 19 
 
 45 
 
 14.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 2.60 
 
 48 
 
 76 
 
 62 
 
 14 
 
 3.4 
 
 " 23 
 
 47 
 
 19.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 0.25 
 
 2.30 
 
 57 
 
 102 
 
 34 
 
 68 
 
 2.7 
 
 " 27 
 
 46 
 
 21.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 2.30 
 
 62 
 
 102 
 
 74 
 
 28 
 
 5.7 
 
 Average . . 
 
 45 
 
 13.1 
 
 9.1 
 
 0.92 
 
 1.5 
 
 48 
 
 80 
 
 56 
 
 24 
 
 4.4 
 
 206 
 
Analyses of Influent to Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a> 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 o 
 o 
 Li 
 
 a 
 
 O 
 
 0) 
 
 ■c 
 
 o 
 
 !3 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 ■3 a 
 id ^ 
 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 
 a! 
 
 o 
 
 .2 
 "S 
 o 
 
 £ a 
 
 
 a: 
 
 -t-t 
 
 "3 
 1 
 
 .2 
 
 ■a 
 
 0) 
 X 
 
 fa 
 
 d > 
 
 Is 
 
 M 
 
 ay 5 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 25 
 
 • 28 
 
 48 
 49 
 51 
 51 
 53 
 53 
 54 
 
 51 
 
 29 
 18 
 27 
 22 
 32 
 28 
 42 
 
 28 
 
 10.0 
 12.0 
 10.0 
 11.0 
 9.0 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.78 
 0.85 
 0.48 
 0.43 
 0.53 
 0.50 
 0.40 
 
 0.57 
 
 1.4 
 1.4 
 1.9 
 1.4 
 1.4 
 1.0 
 1.2 
 
 1.4 
 
 103 
 68 
 104 
 70 
 109 
 106 
 111 
 
 96 
 
 178 
 107 
 187 
 117 
 195 
 205 
 201 
 
 170 
 
 507 
 220 
 613 
 510 
 811 
 513 
 702 
 
 554 
 
 239 
 139 
 248 
 235 
 308 
 245 
 301 
 
 245 
 
 268 
 81 
 365 
 275 
 503 
 268 
 401 
 
 309 
 
 224 
 202 
 198 
 238 
 202 
 210 
 210 
 
 212 
 
 0.7 
 5.0 
 1.8 
 4.9 
 1.2 
 4.6 
 0.1 
 
 Average . . . . 
 
 2.6 
 
 Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 01 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 n 
 6 
 
 ^0 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 ft 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 01 
 
 a 
 
 
 a; 
 
 
 
 ■0 
 
 
 0, 
 
 a 
 
 C3 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 0) a 
 fa<j 
 
 
 
 SO 
 X 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 "3 
 & 
 
 
 -a 
 a) 
 
 X 
 
 ■5B 
 
 
 May 1 
 
 47 
 
 12 
 
 11.0 
 
 2.40 
 
 0.0 
 
 152 
 
 114 
 
 66 
 
 48 
 
 208 
 
 5.6 
 
 " 5 
 
 48 
 
 21 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.30 
 
 2.1 
 
 58 
 
 162 
 
 92 
 
 64 
 
 28 
 
 204 
 
 3.0 
 
 " 9 
 
 50 
 
 14 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 0.2 
 
 44 
 
 110 
 
 100 
 
 82 
 
 18 
 
 228 
 
 4.2 
 
 " 13 
 
 51 
 
 21 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.35 
 
 2.6 
 
 57 
 
 186 
 
 106 
 
 76 
 
 30 
 
 200 
 
 3.5 
 
 " 17 
 
 52 
 
 10 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.4 
 
 41 
 
 106 
 
 90 
 
 54 
 
 36 
 
 200 
 
 5.2 
 
 " 21 
 
 53 
 
 18 
 
 9.7 
 
 1.10 
 
 1.2 
 
 58 
 
 194 
 
 118 
 
 78 
 
 40 
 
 200 
 
 2.2 
 
 " 25 
 
 54 
 
 18 
 
 13.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 0.1 
 
 62 
 
 186 
 
 102 
 
 74 
 
 28 
 
 232 
 
 0.48 
 
 " 28 
 
 56 
 
 21 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 1.4 
 
 48 
 
 208 
 
 112 
 
 66 
 
 46 
 
 212 
 
 1.8 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 51 
 
 17 
 
 10.8 
 
 1.27 
 
 1.1 
 
 52 
 
 163 
 
 104 
 
 70 
 
 34 
 
 210 
 
 3.2 
 
 207 
 
Analyses of Influent to Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 s 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 .See 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <il 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 
 
 
 
 r?'M 
 
 ■a 
 
 Date 
 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 to 
 
 M 
 
 rt 
 
 CI 
 
 
 _aj 
 
 
 n° 
 
 «^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 p. 
 
 
 01 d 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 ■as 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 fe-5 
 
 ^ 
 
 'Z. 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 E-> 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 <!H 
 
 OO 
 
 June 1 
 
 .5.5 
 
 27 
 
 12 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.45 
 
 100 
 
 210 
 
 296 
 
 184 
 
 112 
 
 240 
 
 1.7 
 
 " 5 
 
 56 
 
 37 
 
 12 
 
 0.53 
 
 0.43 
 
 103 
 
 178 
 
 467 
 
 225 
 
 242 
 
 236 
 
 2.1 
 
 " 9 
 
 56 
 
 42 
 
 13 
 
 0.78 
 
 0.68 
 
 109 
 
 239 
 
 629 
 
 295 
 
 334 
 
 224 
 
 1.4 
 
 " 13 
 
 56 
 
 22 
 
 15 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.30 
 
 85 
 
 114 
 
 473 
 
 224 
 
 249 
 
 206 
 
 2.3 
 
 " 17 
 
 57 
 
 36 
 
 12 
 
 0.73 
 
 0.33 
 
 124 
 
 213 
 
 1006 
 
 387 
 
 619 
 
 222 
 
 1.6 
 
 " 22 
 
 58 
 
 37 
 
 13 
 
 0.43 
 
 0.53 
 
 122 
 
 189 
 
 706 
 
 336 
 
 370 
 
 254 
 
 1.0 
 
 " 26 
 
 59 
 
 28 
 
 14 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.55 
 
 98 
 
 237 
 
 422 
 
 256 
 
 166 
 
 266 
 
 1.6 
 
 " 30 
 
 57 
 
 30 
 32 
 
 17 
 14 
 
 0.21 
 
 0.67 
 
 100 
 105 
 
 264 
 206 
 
 451 
 
 288 
 274 
 
 163 
 282 
 
 246 
 237 
 
 1.9 
 
 Average .... 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.62 
 
 556 
 
 1.7 
 
 Analyses of Effluent from Settling Tank. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 ^3 
 S 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 C 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 Q 
 
 o 
 
 •A 
 
 "a 
 
 m 
 
 w 
 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 r= 
 
 ■a 
 d > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 CD S 
 
 w a 
 
 si 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 1 
 
 C3 
 
 ■a 
 
 E 
 
 
 m9 
 
 Qm 
 
 June 1 
 
 55 
 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.00 
 
 59 
 
 192 
 
 104 
 
 86 
 
 18 
 
 240 
 
 0.9 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 58 
 
 20 
 
 17 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.10 
 
 53 
 
 184 
 
 140 
 
 90 
 
 50 
 
 244 
 
 0.3 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 57 
 
 23 
 
 16 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.55 
 
 65 
 
 238 
 
 124 
 
 98 
 
 26 
 
 228 
 
 0.3 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 57 
 
 9.8 
 
 14 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.25 
 
 42 
 
 114 
 
 94 
 
 62 
 
 32 
 
 212 
 
 1.5 
 
 
 ' 17 
 
 59 
 
 10 
 
 18 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.00 
 
 52 
 
 212 
 
 82 
 
 62 
 
 20 
 
 224 
 
 1.0 
 
 
 ' 22 
 
 63 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.30 
 
 59 
 
 182 
 
 110 
 
 84 
 
 26 
 
 248 
 
 0.4 
 
 
 ' 26 
 
 62 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 0.03 
 
 0.78 
 
 56 
 
 236 
 
 110 
 
 ^6 
 
 24 
 
 264 
 
 0.0 
 
 " 30 
 
 63 
 
 14 
 
 20 
 
 0.06 
 
 0.21 
 
 56 
 
 264 
 
 104 
 
 86 
 
 18 
 
 248 
 
 0.0 
 
 Average 
 
 60 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.27 
 
 55 
 
 203 
 
 108 
 
 82 
 
 26 
 
 238 
 
 0.5 
 
 208 
 
Appendix I. 
 
 Results of Analyses of Influent and Effluent 
 of Sprinkling Filter No. 1. 
 
Influent. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 T3 
 
 Suspended 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 a 
 
 m 
 
 C 
 O 
 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ri 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 c 
 
 c 
 
 
 a> 
 
 
 x 
 
 
 
 a 
 ri 
 
 a> S 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 "S 
 
 
 
 .t: 
 
 rt 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 SH 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 
 t< 
 
 ."S 
 
 ■ti 
 
 
 O 
 
 &H<! 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 fe 
 
 2 
 
 Z 
 
 Aug.25 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 67 
 
 220 
 
 132 
 
 88 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 26 
 
 12.0 
 
 15 
 
 64 
 
 163 
 
 98 
 
 65 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.01 
 
 " 27 
 
 15.0 
 
 14 
 
 60 
 
 142 
 
 96 
 
 46 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.23 
 
 " 28 
 
 12.0 
 
 14 
 
 50 
 
 76 
 
 57 
 
 19 
 
 0.03 
 
 0.29 
 
 " 29 
 
 11.0 
 
 14 
 
 52 
 
 84 
 
 63 
 
 21 
 
 . 12 
 
 0.00 
 
 ■' 30 
 
 6.2 
 
 14 
 
 36 
 
 67 
 
 49 
 
 18 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.03 
 
 " 31 
 
 1.5.0 
 
 15 
 
 62 
 
 105 
 
 81 
 
 24 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.07 
 
 Average . . 
 
 12.0 
 
 15 
 
 56 
 
 122 
 
 82 
 
 40 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.09 
 
 Sept. 1. . 
 2.. 
 
 O 
 
 4.. 
 
 5.. 
 
 6.. 
 
 7.. 
 
 8.. 
 
 9.. 
 12. . 
 13.. 
 
 14. . 
 
 15. . 
 
 16. . 
 
 17. . 
 18.. 
 19.. 
 26.. 
 27.. 
 28. . 
 29.. 
 30.. 
 
 Average . 
 
 
 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 
 9.8 
 10 . 
 
 1; 
 
 7.8 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 8.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 10.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 
 6.9 
 11.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 16 
 16 
 15 
 15 
 14 
 14 
 15 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 16 
 17 
 17 
 18 
 16 
 16 
 18 
 17 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 16 
 
 16 
 
 62 
 
 103 
 
 80 
 
 23 
 
 0.24 
 
 62 
 
 86 
 
 61 
 
 25 
 
 0.16 
 
 62 
 
 93 
 
 70 
 
 23 
 
 0,12 
 
 56 
 
 88 
 
 66 
 
 22 
 
 0.14 
 
 55 
 
 103 
 
 70 
 
 33 
 
 0.08 
 
 33 
 
 82 
 
 60 
 
 22 
 
 0.12 
 
 38 
 
 73 
 
 59 
 
 14 
 
 0.02 
 
 65 
 
 106 
 
 78 
 
 28 
 
 0.10 
 
 65 
 
 87 
 
 65 
 
 22 
 
 0.18 
 
 69 
 
 101 
 
 72 
 
 29 
 
 0.04 
 
 55 
 
 77 
 
 59 
 
 18 
 
 0.08 
 
 66 
 
 512 
 
 88 
 
 24 
 
 0.10 
 
 64 
 
 98 
 
 67 
 
 31 
 
 0.11 
 
 68 
 
 106 
 
 75 
 
 31 
 
 0.09 
 
 85 
 
 84 
 
 60 
 
 24 
 
 0.07 
 
 78 
 
 113 
 
 80 
 
 33 
 
 0.12 
 
 68 
 
 118 
 
 78 
 
 40 
 
 0.07 
 
 80 
 
 118 
 
 85 
 
 33 
 
 0.10 
 
 36 
 
 86 
 
 61 
 
 25 
 
 0.08 
 
 66 
 
 137 
 
 82 
 
 55 
 
 0.22 
 
 80 
 
 148 
 
 93 
 
 55 
 
 0.30 
 
 74 
 
 182 
 
 118 
 
 64 
 
 0.12 
 
 63 
 
 105 
 
 74 
 
 31 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.18 
 0.26 
 0.15 
 0.18 
 0.29 
 0.15 
 0.05 
 0.02 
 0.06 
 0.13 
 0.04 
 0.17 
 0,00 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.14 
 0.04 
 0.00 
 0.03 
 0.00 
 0.14 
 0.04 
 
 0.09 
 
 210 
 
Effluent. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 5§ 
 
 2^ 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 -a 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matier. 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 So <!> 
 
 
 tS 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 j: 
 
 Date 
 
 ^nc 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 r/l 
 
 rt 
 
 
 <v 
 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 c 
 O 
 
 fo<t! 
 
 
 
 01 
 
 tfl 
 
 "3 
 
 O 
 > 
 
 a) 
 
 OP 
 
 Or 
 
 Aug.25 
 
 0.60 
 
 6.0 
 
 12 
 
 0.90 
 
 0.03 
 
 30 
 
 32 
 
 32 
 
 
 
 5.3 
 
 
 " 26 
 
 0.60 
 
 6.C 
 
 12 
 
 0.80 
 
 0.89 
 
 22 
 
 29 
 
 23 
 
 6 
 
 5.8 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 0.60 
 
 5.2 
 
 11 
 
 1.40 
 
 0.03 
 
 28 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 5 
 
 5.4 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 0.60 
 
 5.9 
 
 11 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.15 
 
 24 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 6.0 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 0.60 
 
 5.5 
 
 11 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.60 
 
 20 
 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 4.8 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.9 
 
 11 
 
 1.20 
 
 2.10 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 7.1 
 
 
 " 31 
 
 0.60 
 
 5.8 
 
 10 
 
 1.20 
 
 2.40 
 
 22 
 
 22 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 4.8 
 
 
 Average 
 
 0.60 
 
 5.3 
 
 11 
 
 1.7 
 
 1.2 
 
 23 
 
 21 
 
 19 
 
 2 
 
 5.6 
 
 
 Sept. 1 
 
 0.60 
 
 2.1 
 
 12. t 
 
 2.00 
 
 1.10 
 
 24 
 
 20 
 
 19 
 
 1 
 
 5.1 
 
 " 2 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 2.30 
 
 26 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 5.3 
 
 " 3.... 
 
 0.60 
 
 2.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 2. GO 
 
 0.00 
 
 27 
 
 2-5 
 
 24 
 
 1 
 
 4.9 
 
 " 4 
 
 0.60 
 
 2.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 1.80 
 
 22 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 5.8 
 
 " 5 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 3.00 
 
 27 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 3.5 
 
 " 6 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.20 
 
 4.00 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 5.6 
 
 " 7 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.8 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.10 
 
 3.90 
 
 17 
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 6.0 
 
 " 8 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.6 
 
 8.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 3.90 
 
 22 
 
 19 
 
 17 
 
 2 
 
 6.8 
 
 " 9 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 4.30 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 . . . 
 
 " 12 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.2 
 
 8.0 
 
 0.80 
 
 5.60 
 
 21 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 3.4 
 
 " 13 
 
 0.60 
 
 2.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 6.90 
 
 16 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 3.8 
 
 " 14 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.6 
 
 6.0 
 
 1.10 
 
 8.20 
 
 17 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 3.8 
 
 " 15 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.2 
 
 8. "4 
 
 1.40 
 
 7.10 
 
 17 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 5.3 
 
 " 16 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.5 
 
 7.7 
 
 1.40 
 
 7.10 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 3.8 
 
 " 17 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.5 
 
 5.7 
 
 1.40 
 
 6.30 
 
 17 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 3.7 
 
 " 18 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.6 
 
 6.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 7.90 
 
 17 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.0 
 
 7.4 
 
 1.40 
 
 0.90 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 6.2 
 
 " 26 
 
 0.60 
 
 3.2 
 
 7.7 
 
 2.40 
 
 8.50 
 
 33 
 
 37 
 
 28 
 
 9 
 
 6.2 
 
 " 27 
 
 0.60 
 
 1.4 
 
 5.4 
 
 l.CO, 
 
 8.10 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 6.3 
 
 " 28 
 
 0.60 
 
 1 .3 
 
 4.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 0.£0 
 
 18 
 
 14 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 4.2 
 
 " 29 
 
 0.60 
 
 0.9 
 
 6.0 
 
 0.80 
 
 7.50 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 5.3 
 
 " 30 
 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 
 0.8 
 1.6 
 
 5.7 
 
 0.80 
 1.4 
 
 7.50 
 5.4 
 
 19 
 20 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 10 
 11 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 6.9 
 5.1 
 
 Average 
 
 8.0 
 
 211 
 
Influent. 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 2 
 
 
 •a 
 
 > 
 7i 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 Z 
 c 
 
 
 o 
 
 £ < 
 
 o 
 
 0) 
 
 1 
 
 
 'ji 
 
 g 
 
 >. 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Oct. 2 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 ■ 6 
 
 ( 
 
 •• i 
 
 9 
 
 •• 10 
 
 •• 11 
 
 " 15 
 
 ■ 16 
 
 •• 17 
 
 •• 18.... 
 
 ' 19 
 
 2'* 
 
 " n'.'.'.'.. 
 
 25 
 
 20 . . 
 
 ■■ 28. '. ... 
 
 ■ 29 
 
 • 30 
 
 ■ 31 
 
 54 
 56 
 
 57 
 57 
 
 7jS 
 " S 
 58 
 57 
 
 ?I 
 ■J 1 
 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 55 
 55 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 56 
 5G 
 54 
 
 Do 
 
 56 
 
 52 
 53 
 53 
 
 54 
 53 
 
 55 
 57 
 55 
 56 
 52 
 57 
 50 
 57 
 56 
 50 
 48 
 58 
 5S 
 58 
 56 
 5 
 53 
 48 
 
 54 
 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 15 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 16.0 
 
 8.5 
 14,0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 
 8.1 
 15.0 
 15.11 
 12.0 
 
 5.1 
 11.0 
 
 9.7 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 12.1) 
 
 14 
 13 
 15 
 14 
 10 
 14 
 16 
 14 
 14 
 13 
 14 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 10 
 15 
 10 
 13 
 14 
 17 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 74 
 47 
 SO 
 61 
 71 
 69 
 68 
 70 
 45 
 C7 
 74 
 71 
 55 
 78 
 78 
 72 
 51 
 75 
 69 
 69 
 66 
 78 
 GG 
 
 67 
 
 100 
 150 
 172 
 130 
 112 
 126 
 102 
 118 
 126 
 
 99 
 144 
 152 
 118 
 142 
 
 63 
 126 
 
 90 
 13G 
 118 
 130 
 
 9G 
 196 
 112 
 
 125 
 
 70 
 102 
 118 
 86 
 76 
 86 
 70 
 80 
 G2 
 69 
 90 
 100 
 78 
 98 
 47 
 78 
 GG 
 90 
 82 
 84 
 68 
 130 
 98 
 
 84 
 
 36 
 54 
 54 
 44 
 36 
 40 
 32 
 38 
 64 
 30 
 54 
 52 
 40 
 44 
 16 
 48 
 24 
 46 
 36 
 46 
 28 
 GG 
 14 
 
 41 
 
 0.32 
 0.70 
 0.08 
 0.90 
 0.80 
 0.90 
 0.40 
 0.22 
 0.04 
 0.07 
 0.07 
 0.10 
 0.07 
 0.11 
 0.12 
 0.20 
 0.01 
 0.12 
 0.12 
 0.10 
 0.14 
 0,08 
 0.08 
 
 O.UO 
 0,24 
 0.21 
 0.20 
 0.16 
 0.15 
 0.02 
 0.12 
 0.22 
 0.17 
 0.22 
 O.H 
 0.12 
 0.20 
 0.14 
 0.20 
 0,15 
 0,28 
 0.10 
 0,^0 
 0.15 
 0.29 
 0,21 
 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0,0 
 0.0 
 0,0 
 0,0 
 0.0 
 0,0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0,0 
 0.0 
 0,0 
 0,0 
 0,0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0,0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 
 Average . . 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.17 
 
 0.0 
 
 ?12 
 
Effluent. 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 s 
 
 :3 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 >, 
 
 1908 
 
 2^ 
 
 .20 <D 
 
 
 ni 
 
 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 3 
 
 Date 
 
 ^«3 
 '3 5 3 
 
 o 
 
 d 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 o B 
 a a 
 
 fo<J 
 
 a: 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 <D 
 60 
 >. 
 X 
 O 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 ■a 
 
 oS 
 
 o 
 m 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 Oct. 2 . . . 
 
 O.G 
 
 3.7 
 
 U.4 
 
 1.1 
 
 8.4 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 19 
 
 8 
 
 G.4 
 
 -■ 
 
 " 4 
 
 ».6 
 
 1.3 
 
 6.4 
 
 1.4 
 
 G.7 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 
 6.0 
 
 -• 
 
 " 5 
 
 0.6 
 
 2.9 
 
 6.4 
 
 1.2 
 
 G.5 
 
 24 
 
 21 
 
 17 
 
 4 
 
 6.9 
 
 -■ 
 
 " 6 
 
 0.6 
 
 2.8 
 
 5.7 
 
 1.2 
 
 7.7 
 
 25 
 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 7.2 
 
 
 " 7 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.3 
 
 8.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 7.9 
 
 24 
 
 18 
 
 14 
 
 4 
 
 7.0 
 
 
 " 8 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.9 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 8.3 
 
 24 
 
 28 
 
 22 
 
 6 
 
 8.0 
 
 
 " 9.... 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 l.G 
 
 7.5 
 
 23 
 
 20 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 
 7.2 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.7 
 
 6.0 
 
 l.G 
 
 8.4 
 
 25 
 
 21 
 
 15 
 
 G 
 
 6.6 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 0.6 
 
 2.2 
 
 4.7 
 
 2.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 21 
 
 40 
 
 16 
 
 24 
 
 7.6 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.4 
 
 6.7 
 
 2.4 
 
 8.6 
 
 22 
 
 34 
 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 8.3 
 
 
 " 16 
 
 0.6 
 
 1.9 
 
 5.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 8.0 
 
 18 
 
 23 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 i:j.o 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 0.6 
 
 3.1 
 
 5.0 
 
 l.G 
 
 8.1 
 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 9.3 
 
 
 " 18 
 
 0.6 
 
 2.8 
 
 9.7 
 
 2.2 
 
 8.8 
 
 11 
 
 17 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 9.4 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 0.6 
 
 2.2 
 
 4.7 
 
 2.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 39 
 
 17 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 9.8 
 
 -• 
 
 " 20 
 
 1.00 
 
 3.1 
 
 5.0 
 
 1.4 
 
 8.1 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 11 
 
 8 
 
 8.1 
 
 -■ 
 
 " 21 
 
 1.00 
 
 3.7 
 
 4.4 
 
 l.G 
 
 7.5 
 
 24 
 
 73 
 
 32 
 
 41 
 
 V.2 
 
 ■■ 
 
 " 25 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.3 
 
 6.0 
 
 2.2 
 
 6.7 
 
 15 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 G.G 
 
 
 " 2G 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.0 
 
 5.3 
 
 1.8 
 
 6.5 
 
 17 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 7.0 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.4 
 
 6.7 
 
 2.0 
 
 5.3 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 6.2 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 1.00 
 
 2.5 
 
 G.O 
 
 2.0 
 
 5.9 
 
 18 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 6.4 
 
 T 
 
 " 29 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.5 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 5.5 
 
 18 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 8.4 
 
 -■ 
 
 " 30 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.0 
 
 6.3 
 
 1.6 
 
 5.7 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 7.G 
 
 '~ 
 
 " 31 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.4 
 
 - 
 2.1 
 
 8.7 
 6.3 
 
 1.0 
 
 1.7 
 
 5.6 
 7.3 
 
 20 
 20 
 
 20 
 21 
 
 20 
 14 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 5.4 t 
 
 Average . . 
 
 7.6 
 
 213 
 
Influent. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 a) 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 CO 
 
 a 
 o 
 U 
 
 g 
 & 
 
 Suspended 
 Mattef 
 
 to 
 
 z 
 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 in 
 c 
 
 a 
 
 0) 
 
 "a 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 « a 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 0) 
 1 
 
 E 
 
 M 
 
 TO 
 
 a 
 
 O 
 
 N 
 
 ov. 1 
 
 • 2 
 
 ' 4 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ' 8 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ■ 10 
 
 ' 12 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ' 14 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ' 16 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ' 19 
 
 ' 20 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ■ 23 
 
 ' 24 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ' 27 
 
 ' 28 
 
 ' 29 
 
 • 30 
 
 51 
 51 
 52 
 52 
 51 
 52 
 51 
 51 
 52 
 51 
 52 
 52 
 50 
 50 
 50 
 50 
 51 
 50 
 52 
 51 
 51 
 51 
 51 
 50 
 50 
 
 51 
 
 45 
 42 
 45 
 46 
 47 
 48 
 50 
 50 
 50 
 51 
 51 
 50 
 50 
 48 
 49 
 48 
 50 
 49 
 49 
 50 
 52 
 51 
 51 
 50 
 47 
 
 49 
 
 8.3 
 13.0 
 17.0 
 18.0 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 
 8.8 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 12.0 
 15.0 
 
 9.7 
 18,0 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 13.0 
 16.0 
 13.0 
 15.0 
 10.0 
 15.0 
 15.0 
 
 7.4 
 18.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 15 
 14 
 18 
 13 
 13 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 22 
 16 
 15 
 12 
 14 
 15 
 10 
 15 
 15 
 17 
 15 
 18 
 17 
 17 
 14 
 
 16 
 
 50 
 74 
 07 
 80 
 72 
 64 
 43 
 67 
 68 
 71 
 65 
 72 
 48 
 70 
 72 
 73 
 69 
 58 
 06 
 73 
 41 
 76 
 73 
 41 
 
 !! 
 
 65 
 
 Hi 
 
 156 
 112 
 130 
 120 
 98 
 98 
 90 
 112 
 122 
 108 
 108 
 104 
 114 
 118 
 152 
 110 
 92 
 138 
 130 
 202 
 144 
 110 
 102 
 190 
 
 125 
 
 Hi 
 86 
 76 
 86 
 80 
 72 
 70 
 68 
 82 
 90 
 82 
 80 
 84 
 92 
 92 
 98 
 68 
 92 
 
 104 
 94 
 
 194 
 
 112 
 62 
 60 
 
 100 
 
 88 
 
 30 
 70 
 36 
 44 
 40 
 26 
 22 
 22 
 30 
 32 
 26 
 28 
 20 
 22 
 26 
 54 
 42 
 00 
 34 
 36 
 68 
 32 
 48 
 36 
 90 
 
 37 
 
 .08 
 .08 
 .70 
 .70 
 .50 
 .50 
 .10 
 .GO 
 .50 
 .45 
 .25 
 .10 
 .04 
 .25 
 .40 
 .40 
 .50 
 .35 
 .05 
 .08 
 .20 
 .35 
 .24 
 .18 
 .35 
 
 U.18 
 0.29 
 0.40 
 0.23 
 0.43 
 0.43 
 O.IG 
 0.27 
 0.12 
 0.37 
 0.47 
 0.37 
 0.20 
 1.00 
 O.CO 
 0.37 
 0.32 
 0.32 
 0.47 
 0.29 
 0.17 
 0.52 
 0.58 
 0.82 
 1.10 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.20 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.53 
 1.70 
 0.G7 
 l.GO 
 1.20 
 0.76 
 0.26 
 0.00 
 0.80 
 2.30 
 1.10 
 0.46 
 0.33 
 1.10 
 0.99 
 O.GO 
 0.18 
 0.60 
 0.59 
 1.90 
 
 Average . . . 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.42 
 
 0.71 
 
 214 
 
Effluent. 
 
 Farts per Million 
 
 
 3 rt 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 73 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 
 a™ 
 
 ■a 
 
 OP 
 
 o 
 
 EQ 
 
 t>. 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 SO a 
 
 
 (3 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 Do 
 
 s 
 
 XI 
 
 Date 
 
 f«0^' 
 
 u 
 
 g 
 
 en 
 
 OJ 
 
 « 
 
 
 (V 
 
 
 r" 
 
 c 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 CI 
 
 o a 
 ga 
 
 'C 
 
 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 la 
 o 
 
 -a 
 
 §i.s 
 
 X 
 
 2 
 
 ..J 
 
 
 qSoi 
 
 O 
 
 fo<i 
 
 2 
 
 g 
 
 ^»' 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 t; 
 
 Oo 
 
 o 
 
 0.9 
 
 f^ 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 
 2.0 
 
 7.7 
 
 1.0 
 
 5. a 
 
 14 
 
 32 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 " 2 
 
 
 G.8 
 
 7.7 
 
 1.0 
 
 4.6 
 
 26 
 
 68 
 
 33 
 
 35 
 
 26 
 
 8.0 
 
 . 
 
 
 " 4 
 
 
 7.1 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.4 
 
 5.2 
 
 30 
 
 69 
 
 42 
 
 27 
 
 30 
 
 6.9 
 
 . 
 
 
 " 5 
 
 
 4.3 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 4.2 
 
 30 
 
 36 
 
 27 
 
 9 
 
 30 
 
 G.G 
 
 •] 
 
 
 " C 
 
 
 5.2 
 
 8.7 
 
 1.2 
 
 4.8 
 
 27 
 
 29 
 
 26 
 
 3 
 
 27 
 
 6.4 
 
 
 
 " 7 
 
 
 6.1 
 
 7.4 
 
 1.2 
 
 4.0 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 11- 
 
 11 
 
 21 
 
 6.1 
 
 ; 
 
 
 " 8 
 
 
 2.5 
 
 7.4 
 
 1.2 
 
 6.1 
 
 15 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 7.8 
 
 . 
 
 
 " 9 
 
 
 2.7 
 
 7.6 
 
 1.4 
 
 5.7 
 
 22 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 G 
 
 22 
 
 G.l 
 
 . 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 
 2.1 
 
 8.2 
 
 1.1 
 
 4.9 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 5.4 
 
 . 
 
 
 " 12 
 
 
 6.9 
 
 9.4 
 
 1.2 
 
 6.7 
 
 28 
 
 46 
 
 36 
 
 10 
 
 28 
 
 5.6 
 
 . 
 
 
 " 13 
 
 
 2.9 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 6.5 
 
 21 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 3.2 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 14 
 
 
 2.9 
 
 7.4 
 
 1.1 
 
 5.7 
 
 19 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 6.9 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 
 1.2 
 
 6.7 
 
 1.1 
 
 5.7 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 5.9 
 
 . 
 
 
 " IG 
 
 
 2.5 
 
 7.7 
 
 1.1 
 
 5.7 
 
 19 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 5.1 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 
 3.1 
 
 6.7 
 
 1.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 20 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 4.0 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 4.5 
 
 7.7 
 
 1.2 
 
 7.1 
 
 24 
 
 21 
 
 18 
 
 3 
 
 24 
 
 5.1 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 " 20 
 
 
 2.0 
 
 7.4 
 
 1.0 
 
 6.3 
 
 17 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 17 
 
 4.9 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 
 2.4 
 
 7.0 
 
 0.9 
 
 6.6 
 
 16 
 
 G 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 4.2 
 
 • 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 
 1.6 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 7.1 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 17 
 
 7.4 
 
 • 
 
 
 " 24 
 
 
 2.8 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.1 
 
 4.9 
 
 24 
 
 21 
 
 14 
 
 7 
 
 24 
 
 6.4 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 " 26 
 
 
 1.5 
 
 8.7 
 
 1.1 
 
 7.8 
 
 16 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 5.0 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 
 1.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 2.7 
 
 23 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 5.0 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 
 3.1 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.9 
 
 6.4 
 
 21 
 
 19 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 21 
 
 4.9 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 1 
 
 1.9 
 
 6.7 
 
 0.9 
 
 7.4 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 13 
 
 6.5 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 
 4.7 
 3.4 
 
 8.7 
 
 1.0 
 1.1 
 
 6.5 
 5.7 
 
 23 
 21 
 
 19 
 22 
 
 13 
 IG 
 
 6 
 6 
 
 23 
 21 
 
 5.5 
 5.8 
 
 ' 
 
 
 Average 
 
 
 8.0 
 
 
 
 215 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 B 
 w 
 o 
 
 Suspeml 
 Matte-: 
 
 eA 
 
 
 
 ■3 
 > 
 
 ■ 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 0] 
 
 
 
 
 
 cS 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 Date 
 
 d 
 
 3 
 IP 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 '3 
 
 OS 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 s a 
 
 CP 
 
 > 
 
 3 
 o 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 
 ■3 
 •A 
 
 to 
 
 
 C 
 0) 
 
 
 »— 1 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 fe<j 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 2 
 
 z 
 
 O 
 
 Dec. 1 
 
 50 
 
 6U 
 
 18 
 
 14.0 
 
 72 
 
 140 
 
 98 
 
 42 
 
 a. 30 
 
 1.30 
 
 3.2 
 
 " 5 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 15 
 
 11.0 
 
 00 
 
 184 
 
 67 
 
 117 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.90 
 
 2.6 
 
 " 7 
 
 48 
 
 4G 
 
 14 
 
 8.7 
 
 4G 
 
 62 
 
 53 
 
 9 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.30 
 
 G.O 
 
 " 8 
 
 48 
 
 4G 
 
 15 
 
 9.4 
 
 58 
 
 53 
 
 42 
 
 11 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.55 
 
 4.5 
 
 " 10 
 
 48 
 
 4G 
 
 13 
 
 12.0 
 
 58 
 
 79 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.60 
 
 5.3 
 
 " 12 
 
 48 
 
 • 4G 
 
 12 
 
 12.0 
 
 59 
 
 59 
 
 43 
 
 16 
 
 0.35 
 
 2.55 
 
 2.7 
 
 " 14 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 10 
 
 14.0 
 
 57 
 
 G8 
 
 54 
 
 14 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.40 
 
 1.0 
 
 " 16 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 17 
 
 14.0 
 
 55 
 
 79 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.50 
 
 2.0 
 
 " 18 
 
 48 
 
 4G 
 
 13 
 
 IC.O 
 
 53 
 
 
 
 
 0.20 
 
 
 1.4 
 
 " 20 
 
 47 
 
 4G 
 
 10 
 
 15.0 
 
 32 
 
 58 
 
 52 
 
 6 
 
 0.10 
 
 6.30 
 
 5.9 
 
 " 22 
 
 48 
 
 4G 
 
 14 
 
 14.0 
 
 56 
 
 G3 
 
 51 
 
 12 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.30 
 
 3.1 
 
 " 23 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 11 
 
 13.0 
 
 53 
 
 78 
 
 64 
 
 14 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.G5 
 
 3.2 
 
 " 27 
 
 4G 
 
 46 
 
 12 
 
 17.0 
 
 32 
 
 C8 
 
 65 
 
 3 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.40 
 
 5.4 
 
 " 29 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 16 
 
 13.0 
 
 69 
 
 86 
 
 80 
 
 6 
 
 l.GO 
 
 0.00 
 
 2.5 
 
 " 31 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 19 
 
 13.0 
 
 67 
 
 83 
 
 67 
 
 16 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.45 
 
 2.2 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 14 
 
 13.0 
 
 55 
 
 83 
 
 61 
 
 22 
 
 0.38 
 
 0.87 
 
 3.4 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■3 
 
 m 
 
 e 
 
 3 
 m 
 3 
 o 
 O 
 
 3 
 QJ 
 
 be 
 >, 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 23 
 32 
 17 
 20 
 22 
 29 
 20 
 23 
 21 
 14 
 21 
 24 
 14 
 24 
 29 
 
 22 
 
 Suspended 
 Matte/ 
 
 •3 
 
 3 ® 
 
 ■3 
 > 
 
 
 uz 
 m 
 
 s 
 
 3 
 a> 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 O 
 
 5T3" 
 
 6.0 
 
 6.8 
 
 6.6 
 
 7.2 
 
 7.7 
 
 5.3 
 
 6.4 
 
 6.3 
 
 8.2 
 
 7.4 
 
 6.9 
 
 8.5 
 
 7.1 
 
 7.1 
 
 6.8 
 
 >, 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ..-1 
 
 o 
 
 el 
 
 CO 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 -4-) 
 
 3 
 o 
 
 0) 
 
 +3 
 
 O 
 
 > 
 
 ■a 
 (p 
 
 H 
 
 E 
 
 s 
 
 "0 
 
 s 
 
 u 
 
 3 
 CM 
 
 D 
 
 ec. 1 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ' 8 
 
 ■ 10 
 
 ' 12 
 
 ■ 14 
 
 ' IG 
 
 ' 18 
 
 • 20 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 23 
 
 ' 27 
 
 ' 29 
 
 ' 31 
 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 
 2.3 
 9.0 
 3.6 
 2.8 
 4.5 
 ■ 1.9 
 5.3 
 2.9 
 3.9 
 3.1 
 3.1 
 1.1 
 2.7 
 5.7 
 5.7 
 
 3.8 
 
 7.7 
 7.6 
 
 7.0 
 
 7.4 
 
 7.7 
 
 8.7 
 
 7.7 
 
 9.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 8.9 
 
 l.U 
 1.3 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 1.0 
 0.9 
 1.0 
 1.2 
 1.4 
 1.3 
 1.4 
 1.5 
 2.2 
 l.G 
 2.2 
 
 1.3 
 
 4.4 
 7.0 
 0.0 
 4.8 
 5.2 
 4.3 
 4.4 
 4.2 
 
 5.5 
 3.5 
 2.1 
 4.4 
 3.5 
 4.2 
 
 4.5 
 
 2'J 
 52 
 20 
 17 
 19 
 30 
 19 
 34 
 
 24 
 38 
 31 
 26 
 37 
 48 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 42 
 20 
 16 
 17 
 27 
 13 
 27 
 
 20 
 29 
 26 
 25 
 37 
 41 
 
 26 
 
 5 
 10 
 
 1 
 2 
 3 
 6 
 7 
 
 ■4 
 9 
 5 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 4.9 
 7.5 
 4.9 
 G.2 
 8.2 
 G.O 
 5.0 
 5.5 
 G.8 
 2.9 
 5.0 
 5.0 
 3.7 
 5.5 
 6.2 
 
 5.G 
 
 + 
 
 A 
 
 verage. . . . 
 
 
 216 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 '3 
 
 0) 
 
 s 
 
 Suspend 
 Mattel 
 
 eoi 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 1/3 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 53 
 
 (a 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 a B 
 
 ID 
 
 3 
 
 O 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 )— t 
 
 & 
 
 o 
 
 h< 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 l> 
 
 s 
 
 g 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 Jan. a 
 
 4G 
 
 44 
 
 13 
 
 17.0 
 
 44 
 
 73 
 
 68 
 
 5 
 
 0.S8 
 
 U.27 
 
 4.9 
 
 " 7 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 15 
 
 9.2 
 
 CO 
 
 70 
 
 54 
 
 16 
 
 0.23 
 
 1.95 
 
 2.7 
 
 " 11 
 
 4G 
 
 44 
 
 11 
 
 15.0 
 
 CO 
 
 77 
 
 62 
 
 15 
 
 0.C3 
 
 0.52 
 
 4.2 
 
 " 15 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 20 
 
 12.0 
 
 77 
 
 93 
 
 77 
 
 16 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.95 
 
 2.4 
 
 " 19 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 17 
 
 13.0 
 
 71 
 
 96 
 
 72 
 
 24 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.00 
 
 0.9 
 
 " 23 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 23 
 
 11.0 
 
 80 
 
 145 
 
 82 
 
 63 
 
 0.28 
 
 1.10 
 
 1.6 
 
 " 27 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 17 
 
 8.3 
 
 7G 
 
 78 
 
 52 
 
 26 
 
 0.30 
 
 l.CO 
 
 2.8 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 17 
 
 12 
 
 C7 
 
 90 
 
 67 
 
 23 
 
 .42 
 
 1.06 
 
 2.8 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 Suspended 
 
 <u 
 
 r- 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 B 
 
 Matter 
 
 B m 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 2^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 3 CD 
 
 o2 
 
 O 
 
 >, 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 tfl 
 
 
 
 « r>5 CD 
 
 
 ni 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 U o 
 
 M 
 
 .Q 
 
 Date 
 
 aily Yi 
 illlon 
 
 er Acr 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 ?^ a 
 
 
 cu 
 C3 
 
 g 
 
 iX) 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 <D 
 O 
 
 ■a 
 cu 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 3 
 
 
 PSii. 
 
 o 
 
 fe<; 
 
 2 
 
 z 
 
 o 
 
 14 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 fc 
 
 v-j u':) 
 
 u 
 
 &4 
 
 Jan. 3 
 
 1.18 
 
 2.3 
 
 12.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.9 
 
 29 
 
 28 
 
 1 
 
 4.0 
 
 8.2 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 7 
 
 1.18 
 
 1.8 
 
 9.4 
 
 1.6 
 
 2.0 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 22 
 
 3 
 
 5.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 • 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 1.18 
 
 5.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 1.0 
 
 23 
 
 34 
 
 25 
 
 9 
 
 5.1 
 
 8.5 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 1.18 
 
 2.8 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.8 
 
 30 
 
 3G 
 
 33 
 
 3 
 
 6.9 
 
 7.3 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 1.18 
 
 5.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 2.0 
 
 38 
 
 43 
 
 33 
 
 10 
 
 9.7 
 
 6.2 
 
 _ 
 
 " 23 
 
 1.18 
 
 5.4 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.2 
 
 28 
 
 35 
 
 29 
 
 6 
 
 8.3 
 
 4.7 
 
 * 
 
 " 27 
 
 1.18 
 
 6.6 
 
 4.12 
 
 9.0 
 10.8 
 
 1.6 
 
 1.7 
 
 1.7 
 2.1 
 
 33 
 
 — 
 27 
 
 33 
 33 
 
 27 
 28 
 
 6 
 5 
 
 9.C 
 6.9 
 
 6.0 
 C.8 
 
 + 
 
 Average 
 
 
 
 "Putrescible on tlie 22d and stable on 23d. 
 
 217 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 IB 
 S 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 
 
 •a 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 Q 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 1909 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 03 
 
 5 
 
 Date 
 
 
 el 
 a) 
 3 
 
 & 
 
 '3 
 
 IS 
 o 
 
 la 
 
 o 
 
 sa 
 
 
 
 be 
 >, 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 a 
 I 
 
 -a 
 
 33 
 -t-> 
 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 
 Peb. 2 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 18.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 73 
 
 92 
 
 73 
 
 19 
 
 0.85 
 
 0.4o 
 
 1.50 
 
 " 7 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 15.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 52 
 
 81 
 
 66 
 
 15 
 
 0.55 
 
 1.20 
 
 4.40 
 
 " 11 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 20.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 74 
 
 116 
 
 75 
 
 41 
 
 0.58 
 
 1.10 
 
 2.30 
 
 " 15 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 17.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 60 
 
 90 
 
 09 
 
 21 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.60 
 
 4.80 
 
 " 19 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 17.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 62 
 
 82 
 
 62 
 
 20 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.70 
 
 3. GO 
 
 " 28 
 
 44 
 45 
 
 43 
 44 
 
 11.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 50 
 02 
 
 50 
 80 
 
 48 
 OG 
 
 8 
 20 
 
 0.40 
 
 3.10 
 
 G.40 
 
 Average . 
 
 16 
 
 10 
 
 .40 
 
 1.5 
 
 3.8 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^3 
 
 Su 
 
 spended 
 
 ■o 
 
 -a 
 
 
 
 w 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 a 
 
 Matter 
 
 p M 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 .3^ 
 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 
 
 
 Sl- 
 
 o 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 O o 
 
 s 
 
 3 
 
 Date 
 
 f** Id " 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 Ul 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 
 <D 
 
 
 n^ 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 © a 
 
 "t-. 
 
 ci 
 
 0) 
 Ml 
 
 H 
 
 
 •a 
 
 
 
 ■4-> 
 
 
 qSpl, 
 
 o 
 
 fa<i 
 
 S 
 
 Z 
 
 o 
 
 30 
 
 P 
 
 > 
 
 fe 
 
 O'O 
 
 o 
 
 CL. 
 
 feb. 2 
 
 1.18 
 
 5.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 l.GO 
 
 2.00 
 
 33 
 
 27 
 
 G 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.8 
 
 * 
 
 7 
 
 1.18 
 
 2.9 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 2.40 
 
 2:] 
 
 23 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 5.2 
 
 6.7 
 
 .. 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 1.18 
 
 5.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 l.GO 
 
 2.40 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 27 
 
 3 
 
 G.9 
 
 6.4 
 
 - 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 1.18 
 
 4.2 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.60 
 
 2.70 
 
 27 
 
 23 
 
 23 
 
 
 
 5.5 
 
 G.3 
 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 1.18 
 
 3.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 2.20 
 
 24 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 5.9 
 
 6.3 
 
 * 
 
 " 28 
 
 1.18 
 
 2.3 
 3.9 
 
 5.7 
 
 1.60 
 
 4.60 
 
 17 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 23 
 
 25 
 
 3 
 2 
 
 2.8 
 5.9 
 
 8.2 
 6.8 
 
 + 
 
 Average. . 
 
 9.8 
 
 1.7 
 
 2.7 
 
 
 
 *Stable on 1st and putrescible on 2nd. 
 Stable on 14th and putrescible on 15th. 
 Stable on 19th and putrescible on 18th. 
 
 218 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 (S 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 
 Mattel- 
 
 
 m 
 
 ■a 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 1909 
 Date. 
 
 d 
 a) 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 "3 
 as 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 0) S 
 
 's 
 o 
 H 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 rjt 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Mar. 4 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 24 
 
 ■' 28 
 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 42 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 43 
 44 
 43 
 43 
 42 
 43 
 
 43 
 
 17 
 15 
 18 
 IG 
 15 
 13 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 11 
 11 
 10 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 GO 
 60 
 Gl 
 
 57 
 55 
 52 
 38 
 
 55 
 
 1 
 
 98 
 8G 
 9G 
 04 
 94 
 80 
 G4 
 
 88 
 G4 
 
 74 
 90 
 74 
 58 
 42 
 
 70 
 
 10 
 22 
 22 
 14 
 20 
 22 
 22 
 
 19 
 
 1.10 
 0.35 
 0.30 
 0.90 
 0.25 
 0.20 
 0.40 
 
 0.90 
 1.75 
 1.30 
 1.30 
 1.95 
 2.30 
 2.20 
 
 3.G 
 5.3 
 3.8 
 3.6 
 
 4.3 
 3.7 
 4.1 
 
 Average . . . 
 
 ■89 
 
 .50 
 
 1.7 
 
 4.1 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 <D 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 25 
 28 
 27 
 26 
 27 
 21 
 22 
 
 25 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 •a 
 
 <D 
 
 = a> 
 c 
 
 10 
 
 •0 
 
 > 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 tn 
 
 S 
 
 3 
 (U 
 
 bo 
 
 >> 
 !«! 
 
 
 >. 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 "3 
 % 
 
 <5 
 
 C3 
 
 '3 
 
 <D a 
 
 <0 (3 
 
 m 
 
 s 
 B 
 
 Xfl 
 
 QJ 
 
 is 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 Eh 
 
 _a) 
 1 
 
 t3 
 a; 
 
 E 
 
 3 
 
 Mar. 4 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 28 
 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 
 3.0 
 3.8 
 4.3 
 4.6 
 3.0 
 5.2 
 4.0 
 
 4 
 
 9.0 
 11.0 
 9.7 
 9.0 
 11.0 
 8.0 
 7.4 
 
 2.0 
 1.8 
 l.G 
 2.2 
 1.8 
 l.G 
 l.G 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.0 
 3.1 
 2.3 
 2.5 
 4.2 
 3.1 
 3.5 
 
 3.0 
 
 29 
 35 
 38 
 31 
 38 
 20 
 21 
 
 30 
 
 29 
 24 
 26 
 31 
 30 
 18 
 15 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 00 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 4.8 
 G.O 
 7.0 
 3.7 
 5.9 
 4.0 
 4.0 
 
 5.1 
 
 G.5 
 G.8 
 0.3 
 G.5 
 G.8 
 G.3 
 7.5 
 
 G.7 
 
 
 
 Average 
 
 9.3 
 
 
 
 219 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 (P 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 CO 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Suspend 
 Matter 
 
 ed 
 
 
 
 ■3 
 > 
 O 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 ca 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 Date 
 
 a 
 IP 
 
 (—1 
 
 a- 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 g 
 to 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 M 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 OJ 
 
 'a 
 
 d 
 
 01 
 Ml 
 >, 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 Apr. 1 
 
 43 
 
 43 
 
 15.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 45 
 
 80 
 
 58 
 
 28 
 
 0.25 
 
 Z.GO 
 
 4.0 
 
 5 
 
 43 
 
 i? 
 
 9.2 
 
 8.0 
 
 43 
 
 72 
 
 50 
 
 16 
 
 0.50 
 
 2.30 
 
 6.8 
 
 " 9 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 50 
 
 70 
 
 54 
 
 22 
 
 1.80 
 
 O.CO 
 
 4.1 
 
 " 13 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 14.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 55 
 
 90 
 
 72 
 
 24 
 
 0.40 
 
 l.CO 
 
 3.1 
 
 " 17 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 9.4 
 
 14.0 
 
 44 
 
 72 
 
 58 
 
 14 
 
 2.40 
 
 0.00 
 
 4.1 
 
 " 21 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 20.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 58 
 
 108 
 
 02 
 
 4G 
 
 0.80 
 
 2.00 
 
 2.9 
 
 " 25 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 12.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 48 
 
 74 
 
 50 
 
 18 
 
 0.30 
 
 2.10 
 
 7.3 
 
 " 29 
 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 57 
 
 80 
 
 58 
 
 22 
 
 0.35 
 
 2.10 
 
 4.7 
 
 Average 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 13.4 
 
 9.8 
 
 51 
 
 83 
 
 59 
 
 24 
 
 0.85 
 
 1.7 
 
 4.6 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 Pa 
 
 rts pe 
 
 r Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 a; 
 
 a 
 
 p 
 
 d 
 o 
 O 
 
 d 
 <u 
 
 >;. 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 13 
 O o 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 w 
 m 
 
 Q 
 
 d 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 c 
 
 cj 
 
 "3 
 
 o 
 
 cp a 
 
 s a 
 
 w 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 "cs 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 u 
 3 
 ft 
 
 Apr. 1 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 25 
 
 '■ 29 
 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 1.18 
 
 3.0 
 4.8 
 4.2 
 3.4 
 4.2 
 3.7 
 2.4 
 4.7 
 
 3.8 
 
 0.0 
 5.4 
 6.0 
 8.0 
 7.0 
 8.7 
 6.4 
 7.7 
 
 G.9 
 
 1.6 
 
 1.4 
 1.6 
 2.0 
 l.G 
 2.4 
 1.6 
 1.6 
 
 1.7 
 
 0.9 
 4.0 
 2.0 
 2.0 
 7.0 
 2.6 
 4.6 
 5.4 
 
 3.G 
 
 21 
 27 
 23 
 23 
 21 
 21 
 19 
 20 
 
 22 
 
 29 
 92 
 57 
 39 
 52 
 42 
 20 
 27 
 
 45 
 
 26 
 GG 
 44 
 32 
 38 
 27 
 13 
 21 
 
 33 
 
 3 
 26 
 13 
 
 7 
 14 
 15 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 12 
 
 4.1 
 5.3 
 4.5 
 4.3 
 3.6 
 4.5 
 3.3 
 3.9 
 
 4.2 
 
 6.5 
 8.3 
 G.5 
 6.5 
 5.9 
 6.0 
 8.1 
 7.4 
 
 0.9 
 
 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 
 Note — Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 220 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 -a 
 
 0) 
 
 3 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 o 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 cd 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 
 o 
 
 bo 
 O 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 13 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 a 
 a 
 wo 
 
 O 
 
 May 3 
 
 47 
 
 44 
 
 12 
 
 10.0 
 
 40 
 
 88 
 
 CU 
 
 22 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.9 
 
 3.1 
 
 7 
 
 50 
 
 52 
 
 22 
 
 11.0 
 
 57 
 
 lie 
 
 70 
 
 40 
 
 1.20 
 
 0.8 
 
 3.8 
 
 ■• 11 
 
 52 
 
 54 
 
 16 
 
 10.0 
 
 57 
 
 124 
 
 58 
 
 66 
 
 0.30 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.4 
 
 " 15 
 
 53 
 
 57 
 
 23 
 
 12.0 
 
 59 
 
 122 
 
 88 
 
 34 
 
 2.00 
 
 0.1 
 
 3.2 
 
 " 19 
 
 52 
 
 54 
 
 21 
 
 11.0 
 
 02 
 
 108 
 
 76 
 
 32 
 
 0.40 
 
 2.2 
 
 2.3 
 
 " 23 
 
 52 
 
 52 
 
 17 
 
 13.0 
 
 45 
 
 98 
 
 82 
 
 16 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.2 
 
 3.0 
 
 " 27 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 19 
 
 12.0 
 
 G4 
 
 140 
 
 92 
 
 48 
 
 0.35 
 
 1.3 
 
 0.63 
 
 Average . . . 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 19 
 
 11 
 
 55 
 
 114 
 
 76 
 
 38 
 
 0.74 
 
 1.1 
 
 2.6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 •a 
 
 
 Suspended 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 ^ ?> 
 
 Matter 
 
 > 
 
 
 ;-< 
 
 fl 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 p 0) 
 
 o 2 
 
 
 O 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 C! 
 
 
 
 
 w 
 
 ;::; 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 O o 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 .a 
 
 tw 
 
 fa .- 
 
 Date 
 
 § 
 
 bo 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 o a 
 
 £ 
 
 u 
 
 '2 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 
 to ^ 
 xS 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 o 
 > 
 
 0) 
 
 E 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 p. 
 o 
 P- 
 
 o t. 
 (1) 
 
 7. s 
 
 May 3 
 
 4.4 
 
 6.4 
 
 1.6 
 
 3.9 
 
 21 
 
 4.6 
 
 62 
 
 46 
 
 10 
 
 8.3 
 
 
 
 lU' 
 
 lJ"-2" 
 
 " 7 
 
 5 4 
 
 7 
 
 2.0 
 
 2.1 
 
 21 
 
 4.2 
 
 44 
 
 31 
 
 13 
 
 8.0 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 fi 8 
 
 6 n 
 
 ?..2 
 
 ,5.1 
 
 28 
 
 4.4 
 
 09 
 
 47 
 
 22 
 
 5.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 2.4 
 
 2.4 
 
 40 
 
 10.0 
 
 160 
 
 108 
 
 52 
 
 4.9 
 
 iH 
 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 8.5 
 
 6.0 
 
 2.2 
 
 5.1 
 
 30 
 
 6.2 
 
 79 
 
 CO 
 
 19 
 
 6.7 
 
 -• 
 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 4.0 
 
 5.7 
 
 2.0 
 
 5.8 
 
 18 
 
 4.2 
 
 35 
 
 29 
 
 6 
 
 6.4 
 
 -■ 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 5.0 
 6.6 
 
 6.7 
 6.4 
 
 1.8 
 2.0 
 
 1.9 
 3.8 
 
 27 
 2'6 
 
 5.4 
 5.6 
 
 41 
 70 
 
 33 
 51 
 
 8 
 19 
 
 :;.9 
 
 6.2 
 
 
 
 
 Average.. 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 4- on the 14th. 
 * on the 15th. 
 
 221 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 m 
 
 § 
 o 
 a 
 
 Ui 
 
 >, 
 
 X 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 M 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 > 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 4-> 
 CI 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 o 
 
 5 
 'S 
 
 o 
 
 sa 
 
 •a 
 
 o 
 
 4) 
 
 s 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 o 
 bo 
 >, 
 
 O 
 
 June 3 
 
 " 7 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 15 
 
 ■■ 19 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 28 
 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 5G 
 G2 
 Gl 
 
 58 
 
 58 
 58 
 58 
 GO 
 5G 
 G7 
 G5 
 
 GO 
 
 24 
 15 
 22 
 15 
 15 
 17 
 12 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 14 
 12 
 16 
 18 
 19 
 IG 
 
 IG 
 
 G4 
 51 
 G4 
 54 
 5G 
 58 
 39 
 
 55 
 
 122 
 82 
 
 134 
 92 
 92 
 94 
 48 
 
 95 
 
 90 
 62 
 80 
 G2 
 70 
 78 
 46 
 
 70 
 
 32 
 20 
 54 
 30 
 22 
 16 
 2 
 
 25 
 
 0.46 
 0.35 
 O.GO 
 0.80 
 0.00 
 0.05 
 0.04 
 
 0.33 
 
 0.95 
 0.55 
 0.70 
 0.00 
 0.20 
 0.45 
 0.5G 
 
 0.49 
 
 1.1 
 0.7 
 0.4 
 1.3 
 0.6 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 
 Average. . . . 
 
 0.6 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 June 3 
 
 1.18 
 
 " 7 
 
 1.18 
 
 " 11 
 
 1.18 
 
 " 15 
 
 1.18 
 
 " 19 
 
 1.18 
 
 " 24 
 
 1.18 
 
 " 28 
 
 1.18 
 
 Average. 
 
 .ag 
 
 (S •" CD 
 QSPh 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 7.0 
 5.7 
 G.7 
 5.4 
 5.7 
 7.4 
 4.0 
 
 G.2 G.O 1.95.2 
 
 2.0 
 2.2 
 1.8 
 2.0 
 1.0 
 1.6 
 1.8 
 
 4.7 
 2.3 
 4.5 
 4.8 
 8.6 
 4.7 
 7.1 
 
 Q 
 
 34 
 29 
 30 
 29 
 31 
 32 
 12 
 
 28 
 
 Suspended 
 
 
 Matter 
 
 3 a- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 y^ 
 
 
 
 
 U o 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 a'^ 
 
 13 
 
 ri 
 
 ■a 
 
 M.S 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 xS 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 Oia 
 
 OG 
 
 51 
 
 15 
 
 6.2 
 
 84 
 
 G4 
 
 20 
 
 5.4 
 
 88 
 
 GO 
 
 28 
 
 6.0 
 
 92 
 
 50 
 
 42 
 
 5.1 
 
 88 
 
 58 
 
 30 
 
 5.6 
 
 80 
 
 CO 
 
 20 
 
 7.3 
 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 G 
 
 2.4 
 
 74 
 
 51 
 
 23 
 
 5.4 
 
 O 
 
 5.7 
 6.8 
 5.1 
 6.7 
 8.0 
 5.3 
 6.2 
 
 6.3 
 
 £ 
 
 C 
 
 a 
 
 or 
 
 c 
 
 3 
 
 i- 
 
 10' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 222 
 
Appendix J. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and 
 Effluent of Sprinkling Filter No. 2. 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 g 
 
 3 
 
 Ul 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 « s 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 
 0) 
 
 >: 
 X 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 0) 
 
 1 
 
 M 
 
 E 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 Sept. 2 
 
 11.0 
 
 Hi 
 
 62 
 
 86 
 
 61 
 
 25 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.26 
 
 " 3 
 
 11.0 
 
 15 
 
 62 
 
 93 
 
 70 
 
 23 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.15 
 
 " 4 
 
 9.8 
 
 15 
 
 56 
 
 88 
 
 66 
 
 22 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.18 
 
 " 5 
 
 10 . 
 
 14 
 
 55 
 
 103 
 
 70 
 
 33 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.29 
 
 " 6 
 
 G.O 
 
 14 
 
 33 
 
 82 
 
 60 
 
 22 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.15 
 
 " 7 
 
 7.8 
 
 15 
 
 38 
 
 73 
 
 59 
 
 14 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.05 
 
 " 8 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 65 
 
 106 
 
 78 
 
 28 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.02 
 
 " 9 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 65 
 
 87 
 
 65 
 
 22 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.06 
 
 " 10 
 
 10.0 
 
 16 
 
 76 
 
 145 
 
 105 
 
 40 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.02 
 
 " 14 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 66 
 
 112 
 
 88 
 
 24 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.17 
 
 " 15 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 64 
 
 98 
 
 67 
 
 31 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 16 
 
 10.0 
 
 18 
 
 68 
 
 106 
 
 75 
 
 31 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 21 
 
 16.0 
 
 17 
 
 77 
 
 131 
 
 99 
 
 32 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.07 
 
 " 22 
 
 13.0 
 
 18 
 
 81 
 
 132 
 
 92 
 
 40 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.02 
 
 " 23 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 78 
 
 110 
 
 79 
 
 31 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.03 
 
 " 24 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 82 
 
 102 
 
 74 
 
 28 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.40 
 
 " 25 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 87 
 
 156 
 
 106 
 
 50 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.01 
 
 " 26 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 80 
 
 118 
 
 85 
 
 33 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 27 
 
 G.9 
 
 16 
 
 36 
 
 86 
 
 61 
 
 25 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.03 
 
 " 28 
 
 11.0 
 
 17 
 
 66 
 
 137 
 
 82 
 
 55 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 29 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 80 
 
 148 
 
 93 
 
 55 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.14 
 
 " 30 
 
 12.0 
 
 16 
 
 74 
 
 182 
 
 118 
 
 64 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.04 
 
 Average . . 
 
 11.5 
 
 16 
 
 66 
 
 113 
 
 80 
 
 33 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.10 
 
 224 
 
Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 0, Nitrogfen 
 
 ^3 
 
 0) 
 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 u 
 
 u> 
 
 
 
 ag 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 >. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 b 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 <D rh <D 
 
 
 oi 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 
 J2 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 *c3 ^ 0) 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 OS 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 01 
 0) 
 
 
 c 
 
 60 
 
 >> 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 •a 
 
 O 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 
 
 qSoh 
 
 o 
 
 fa<S 
 
 S 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 P-, 
 
 Q 
 
 'Si's. 
 
 
 Sept. 2 
 
 0.G9 
 
 2.6 
 
 7.0 
 
 2.00 
 
 3.60 
 
 22 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 7' 
 
 ll"-2" 
 
 
 " 3 
 
 0.G9 
 
 3.6 
 
 8.4 
 
 1.50 
 
 1.20 
 
 23 
 
 19 
 
 16 
 
 3 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 4 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.8 
 
 9.4 
 
 2.20 
 
 2.90 
 
 20 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 5 
 
 0.69 
 
 2.4 
 
 8.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 4.40 
 
 21 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 6 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.9 
 
 7.7 
 
 2.40 
 
 7.70 
 
 14 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 7 
 
 0.G9 
 
 1.8 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 5. GO 
 
 17 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 0.G9 
 
 2.2 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 5.30 
 
 21 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■' 9 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.4 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.60 
 
 G.OO 
 
 20 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 0.69 
 
 3.3 
 
 6.7 
 
 1.80 
 
 1.40 
 
 27 
 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 14 
 
 0.69 
 
 2.3 
 
 7.7 
 
 1.20 
 
 6.90 
 
 23 
 
 20 
 
 19 
 
 1 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.4 
 
 7.4 
 
 1.20 
 
 5.20 
 
 19 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 ~ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 16 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.8 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 4.80 
 
 20 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 -] 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.8 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 5.70 
 
 21 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 22 
 
 0.69 
 
 2.7 
 
 5.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 4.60 
 
 24 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.7 
 
 6.4 
 
 2.00 
 
 4.00 
 
 22 
 
 27 
 
 24 
 
 3 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 24 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.1 
 
 7.0 
 
 2.20 
 
 5.50 
 
 23 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 25 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.5 
 
 7.4 
 
 2.20 
 
 6.10 
 
 24 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 26 
 
 0.69 
 
 2.4 
 
 7.7 
 
 2.40 
 
 5.40 
 
 24 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.7 
 
 8.0 
 
 2.20 
 
 5.70 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.4 
 
 6.7 
 
 2.20 
 
 0.30 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 0.69 
 
 2.2 
 
 6.7 
 
 1.60 
 
 5.00 
 
 24 
 
 17 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 0.69 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.0 
 
 7.0 
 7.3 
 
 1.20 
 
 5.00 
 
 24 
 21 
 
 16 
 14 
 
 13 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1.8 
 
 5.0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Average 
 
 
 
 
 22? 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 o 
 > 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 a! 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 
 cl 
 
 
 o 
 
 <D B 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 _2 
 "3 
 
 •a 
 
 5 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 t-t 
 
 & 
 
 
 fe<) 
 
 o 
 
 6^ 
 
 > 
 
 b 
 
 Iz; 
 
 ■z 
 
 o 
 
 Oct. 1 
 
 57 
 
 53 
 
 la.o 
 
 14 
 
 82 
 
 125 
 
 81 
 
 44 
 
 0.08 
 
 u.oo 
 
 o.oo 
 
 4 
 
 58 
 
 52 
 
 12.0 
 
 13 
 
 47 
 
 156 
 
 102 
 
 54 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.00 
 
 ■■ 5 
 
 57 
 
 53 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 80 
 
 172 
 
 118 
 
 54 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.21 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 6 
 
 57 
 
 54 
 
 13.0 
 
 14 
 
 61 
 
 130 
 
 80 
 
 44 
 
 0.90 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 7...... 
 
 58 
 
 53 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 71 
 
 112 
 
 76 
 
 36 
 
 0.80 
 
 O.IG 
 
 0.00 
 
 ■' 9 
 
 58 
 
 50 
 
 12.0 
 
 10 
 
 68 
 
 102 
 
 70 
 
 32 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 10 
 
 57 
 
 54 
 
 16.0 
 
 14 
 
 70 
 
 118 
 
 80 
 
 38 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 11 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 8.5 
 
 14 
 
 45 
 
 126 
 
 62 
 
 64 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 13 
 
 56 
 
 54 
 
 16.0 
 
 14_ 
 
 84 
 
 232 
 
 142 
 
 90 
 
 0.07 
 
 3.32 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 14 
 
 56 
 
 47 
 
 17.0 
 
 14 
 
 75 
 
 160 
 
 94 
 
 66 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 15 
 
 57 
 
 53 
 
 14.0 
 
 13 
 
 07 
 
 99 
 
 69 
 
 30 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.17 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 16 
 
 57 
 
 55 
 
 15.0 
 
 14 
 
 74 
 
 144 
 
 90 
 
 54 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 19 
 
 57 
 
 56 
 
 15.0 
 
 16 
 
 78 
 
 142 
 
 98 
 
 44 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 20 
 
 55 
 
 52 
 
 15.0 
 
 17 
 
 78 
 
 63 
 
 47 
 
 16 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 21..... 
 
 55 
 
 48 
 
 12.0 
 
 16 
 
 72 
 
 126 
 
 78 
 
 48 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 22 
 
 55 
 
 49 
 
 14.0 
 
 18 
 
 87 
 
 296 
 
 186 
 
 110 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.27 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 23 
 
 55 
 
 51 
 
 19.0 
 
 15 
 
 88 
 
 228 
 
 140 
 
 88 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 25 
 
 57 
 
 59 
 
 5.1 
 
 16 
 
 51 
 
 90 
 
 66 
 
 24 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 26 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 11.0 
 
 15 
 
 75 
 
 130 
 
 90 
 
 46 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.28 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 27 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 9.7 
 
 16 
 
 69 
 
 118 
 
 82 
 
 36 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 28 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 12.0 
 
 13 
 
 09 
 
 130 
 
 84 
 
 46 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.00 
 
 •• 29 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 11.0 
 
 14 
 
 66 
 
 96 
 
 08 
 
 28 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 30 
 
 54 
 
 53 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 78 
 
 196 
 
 130 
 
 60 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.29 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 31 
 
 53 
 
 47 
 
 11.0 
 
 16 
 
 66 
 
 112 
 
 98 
 
 14 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.21 
 
 0.00 
 
 Average 
 
 56 
 
 53 
 
 13. 
 
 15 
 
 71 
 
 142 
 
 93 
 
 49 
 
 0.21 
 
 O.30 
 
 0.00 
 
 226 
 
Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 Oct. 
 
 1.. 
 
 4.. 
 
 5.. 
 
 6., 
 
 7. 
 
 9. 
 10. 
 11. 
 13. 
 14. 
 15. 
 16. 
 19. 
 20. 
 21. 
 22. 
 23. 
 25. 
 26. 
 27. 
 28. 
 29. 
 30. 
 31. 
 
 Average . 
 
 >■ C U 
 '3 ~ Q) 
 
 QgpH 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 .69 
 1.00 
 1.00 
 1.00 
 1.00 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 i.n 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 1.3 
 1.8 
 3.0 
 3.0 
 1.9 
 1.7 
 1.7 
 1.6 
 1.6 
 2.4 
 1.9 
 1.5 
 3.2 
 3.0 
 3.9 
 1.5 
 2.7 
 1.5 
 1.4 
 1.3 
 1.3 
 1.0 
 2.5 
 1.5 
 
 2.0 
 
 b< 
 
 2 g 
 
 
 7 
 7 
 
 
 8.0 
 8.0 
 3.7 
 5.3 
 4.4 
 5.0 
 5.0 
 5. 
 6.3 
 5.0 
 7.0 
 7.0 
 7.0 
 6.3 
 6.0 
 6.0 
 6.7 
 6.0 
 9.4 
 
 6.1 
 
 1.6 
 2.0 
 1.6 
 1.8 
 1.8 
 2.0 
 1.6 
 2.0 
 1.2 
 1.4 
 1.6 
 1.6 
 2.0 
 1.4 
 1.0 
 1.4 
 1.6 
 2.0 
 1.8 
 1.6 
 1.8 
 1.4 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 
 1.6 
 
 4 
 
 5 . 3 
 
 6.5 
 
 5.5 
 
 6.5 
 
 7.5 
 
 6.7 
 
 5 
 
 6.9 
 
 5.9 
 
 5.0 
 
 5.9 
 
 7.3 
 
 5.7 
 
 5.4 
 
 4 
 
 3.6 
 
 4.4 
 
 3.8 
 
 4.6 
 
 4.0 
 
 4.2 
 
 3.C 
 
 4.0 
 
 5.3 
 
 c 
 c 
 C 
 
 24 
 18 
 21 
 25 
 20 
 22 
 26 
 12 
 20 
 17 
 17 
 17- 
 19 
 18 
 21 
 17 
 16 
 14 
 16 
 15 
 18 
 17 
 19 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ^ 
 
 14 
 24 
 18 
 12 
 
 9 
 17 
 13 
 37 
 10 
 10 
 14 
 15 
 19 
 14 
 11 
 16 
 20 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 12 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 10 
 
 12 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 12 
 
 1 
 
 22 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 4 
 11 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 4 
 
 a) 
 U) 
 >^ 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 5.1 
 
 7.5 
 
 6.2 
 
 6.3 
 
 5.5 
 
 8.3 
 
 6.9 
 
 7.6 
 6.5 
 
 
 ■".2 
 
 O u 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 3.5 
 
 3.5 
 
 4. 
 
 3. 
 
 3. 
 
 3. 
 
 5.9 
 
 227 
 
 15 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Temperature 
 Deg. P. - 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 K 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 C! 
 
 CD 
 M 
 >-, 
 X 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 QJ 
 
 en 
 
 0) 
 
 g 
 
 ■a 
 
 ;> 
 O 
 
 C 
 
 OJ 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 « 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 O 
 
 "S 
 O 
 
 "3 
 
 Is 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 t3 
 
 >> 
 
 c 
 "3 
 
 < 
 
 N 
 
 3V. 1 
 
 • 2 
 
 ' 4 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ■ 7 
 
 8 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 10 
 
 • 12 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ' 14 
 
 ' 15 
 
 • 16 
 
 17 
 
 ' 19 
 
 20 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 23 
 
 ' 24 
 
 26 
 
 ' 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 51 
 51 
 52 
 52 
 51 
 52 
 51 
 51 
 52 
 51 
 52 
 52 
 50 
 50 
 50 
 50 
 51 
 50 
 52 
 51 
 51 
 51 
 51 
 50 
 50 
 
 51 
 
 44 
 43 
 46 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 50 
 50 
 50 
 53 
 51 
 50 
 50 
 48 
 49 
 48 
 50 
 49 
 49 
 49 
 50 
 51 
 51 
 50 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 8.3 
 13.0 
 17.0 
 18.0 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 
 8.8 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 12.0 
 15.0 
 
 9.7 
 18.0 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 13.0 
 16.0 
 13.0 
 15.0 
 10.0 
 15.0 
 15,0 
 
 7.4 
 18.0 
 
 13.9 
 
 16 
 15 
 14 
 18 
 13 
 13 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 22 
 16 
 15 
 12 
 14 
 15 
 16 
 15 
 15 
 17 
 15 
 18 
 17 
 17 
 14 
 
 50 
 74 
 67 
 80 
 72 
 64 
 43 
 67 
 68 
 71 
 65 
 72 
 48 
 70 
 72 
 73 
 69 
 58 
 66 
 73 
 41 
 76 
 73 
 41 
 79 
 
 65 
 
 112 
 156 
 112 
 130 
 120 
 98 
 98 
 90 
 112 
 122 
 108 
 108 
 104 
 114 
 118 
 152 
 110 
 92 
 138 
 130 
 226 
 144 
 110 
 102 
 190 
 
 124 
 
 76 
 86 
 76 
 86 
 80 
 72 
 76 
 68 
 82 
 90 
 82 
 80 
 84 
 92 
 92 
 98 
 68 
 92 
 
 104 
 94 
 
 194 
 
 112 
 62 
 60 
 
 100 
 
 89 
 
 3C 
 70 
 36 
 44 
 40 
 26 
 22 
 22 
 30 
 32 
 26 
 28 
 20 
 22 
 26 
 54 
 42 
 00 
 34 
 36 
 32 
 32 
 48 
 36 
 90 
 
 35 
 
 .08 
 .08 
 .70 
 .70 
 .50 
 .50 
 .10 
 .60 
 .50 
 .45 
 .25 
 .10 
 .04 
 .25 
 .40 
 .40 
 .50 
 .35 
 .05 
 .08 
 .20 
 .35 
 .24 
 .18 
 .35 
 
 .318 
 
 0.18 
 0.29 
 0.40 
 0.23 
 0.43 
 0.43 
 0.16 
 0.27 
 0.12 
 0.37 
 0.47 
 0.37 
 0.20 
 1.00 
 0.60 
 0.37 
 0.32 
 0.32 
 0.47 
 0.29 
 0.17 
 0.52 
 0.58 
 0:82 
 1.10 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.20 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.53 
 1.70 
 0.67 
 1.60 
 1.20 
 0.76 
 0.26 
 0.00 
 0.80 
 2.30 
 1.10 
 0.46 
 0.33 
 1.10 
 0.99 
 0.60 
 0.18 
 0.60 
 0.59 
 1.90 
 
 53 
 116 
 142 
 166 
 174 
 146 
 
 71 
 154 
 170 
 140 
 136 
 144 
 
 52 
 136 
 162 
 134 
 154 
 128 
 128 
 156 
 
 89 
 186 
 166 
 
 65 
 184 
 
 228 
 260 
 272 
 244 
 252 
 240 
 206 
 272 
 268 
 272 
 272 
 256 
 218 
 276 
 216 
 260 
 240 
 236 
 508 
 556 
 254 
 536 
 424 
 416 
 396 
 
 Average 
 
 15.5 
 
 0.42 
 
 0.71 
 
 134 
 
 303 
 
 228 
 
Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 09 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 M 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 o 
 
 >, 
 
 t- 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 2rt 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 w 
 
 3 
 
 fe 
 
 
 
 9 c!j 0) 
 
 
 cS 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 13 
 
 et-t 
 
 fa« 
 
 Date 
 
 ally Y 
 illlou 
 er Acr 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 S 
 
 0) 
 
 is 
 
 0) 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 t3 
 
 E 
 
 a 
 
 <u 
 
 be 
 >> 
 X 
 
 
 Si 
 
 0-1 " 
 
 
 QSOh 
 
 O 
 
 &.<! 
 
 ^ 
 
 Z 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 Oi 
 
 a 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 4.1) 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 5.8 
 
 ■■ 
 
 7' 
 
 lJ"-2" 
 
 
 ' 2 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.8 
 
 8.7 
 
 1.2 
 
 3.8 
 
 22 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 6.7 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 4 
 
 1.00 
 
 7.1 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.1 
 
 4.7 
 
 31 
 
 59 
 
 43 
 
 16 
 
 5.6 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 5 
 
 1.00 
 
 5.3 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 33 
 
 53 
 
 37 
 
 16 
 
 5.1 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 6 
 
 1.00 
 
 7.0 
 
 7.7 
 
 1.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 28 
 
 2 
 
 4.2 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 7 
 
 1.00 
 
 2.9 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 3.2 
 
 22 
 
 18 
 
 14 
 
 4 
 
 5.7 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 1.00 
 
 2.5 
 
 7.4 
 
 1.1 
 
 3.9 
 
 15 
 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 5.8 
 
 + 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 1.00 
 
 4.1 
 
 8.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 2.8 
 
 22 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 5 
 
 5.5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 1.00 
 
 3.6 
 
 8.7 
 
 1.0 
 
 2.8 
 
 21 
 
 29 
 
 27 
 
 2 
 
 6.0 
 
 -- 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 1.00 
 
 5.9 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.9 
 
 4.9 
 
 27 
 
 51 
 
 44 
 
 7 
 
 4.5 
 
 -■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 1.00 
 
 5.3 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.8 
 
 4.0 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 23 
 
 4 
 
 b.9 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 1.00 
 
 4.1 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.7 
 
 2.9 
 
 24 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 2 
 
 4.6 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 15 
 
 1.00 
 
 2.8 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.7 
 
 3.9 
 
 16 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 5.4 
 
 + 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 1.00 
 
 5.2 
 
 9.4 
 
 1.3 
 
 2.3 
 
 25 
 
 25 
 
 23 
 
 2 
 
 4.6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 17 
 
 1.00 
 
 5.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 2.6 
 
 23 
 
 19 
 
 17 
 
 2 
 
 4.2 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 1.00 
 
 7.7 
 
 9.7 
 
 0.7 
 
 3.3 
 
 34 
 
 60 
 
 46 
 
 14 
 
 4.2 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 1.00 
 
 4.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.6 
 
 3.3 
 
 28 
 
 26 
 
 19 
 
 V 
 
 4.2 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 1.00 
 
 4.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 0.6 
 
 3.3 
 
 22 
 
 22 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 4.9 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 1.00 
 
 3.1 
 
 8.7 
 
 0.7 
 
 3.6 
 
 23 
 
 21 
 
 17 
 
 4 
 
 6.6 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 1.00 
 
 6.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 1.7 
 
 29 
 
 141 
 
 31 
 
 110 
 
 4.5 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 26 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.8 
 
 3.5 
 
 17 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 3.5 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 1.00 
 
 6.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.8 
 
 2.3 
 
 27 
 
 49 
 
 45 
 
 4 
 
 4.4 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 1.00 
 
 4.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.5 
 
 3.0 
 
 27 
 
 31 
 
 20 
 
 11 
 
 4.4 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.7 
 
 9.7 
 
 0.5 
 
 4.0 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 6.0 
 
 + 
 
 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 1.00 
 
 7.8 
 4.4 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.9 
 
 1.7 
 3.3 
 
 34 
 
 24 
 
 61 
 35 
 
 41 
 25 
 
 20 
 10 
 
 4.3 
 5.0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Average . 
 
 
 9.5 
 
 0.9 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 229 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 s 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Suspendea 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 cS 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 () 
 
 Date 
 
 
 a 
 
 QJ 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 nJ 
 6J3 
 
 o 
 
 5i 
 
 "3 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 to 
 
 
 m 
 
 e 
 
 O 
 
 s a 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 +J 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 t-H 
 
 H 
 
 
 fe<i 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 iz; 
 
 ^ 
 
 c 
 
 Dec. 1 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 18 
 
 14.0 
 
 72 
 
 140 
 
 98 
 
 42 
 
 0.30 
 
 1 .30 
 
 3 i> 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 15 
 
 11.0 
 
 60 
 
 184 
 
 67 
 
 117 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.90 
 
 2 fi 
 
 
 ' 7 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 14 
 
 8.7 
 
 40 
 
 62 
 
 53 
 
 9 
 
 0.20 
 
 1 .30 
 
 fi.O 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 15 
 
 9.4 
 
 58 
 
 53 
 
 42 
 
 11 
 
 0.25 
 
 1 .55 
 
 4.5 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 13 
 
 12.0 
 
 58 
 
 79 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 0.40 
 
 O.fiO 
 
 5,3 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 12 
 
 12.0 
 
 59 
 
 59 
 
 43 
 
 16 
 
 0.35 
 
 2.55 
 
 2,7 
 
 
 • 14 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 10 
 
 14.0 
 
 57 
 
 68 
 
 54 
 
 14 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.40 
 
 1.0 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 17 
 
 14.0 
 
 55 
 
 79 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.50 
 
 2.0 
 
 
 ' 18 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 13 
 
 16.0 
 
 53 
 
 
 
 
 0.20 
 
 
 1.4 
 
 
 ■ 20 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 10 
 
 15.0 
 
 32 
 
 58 
 
 52 
 
 6 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.30 
 
 5.9 
 
 
 ' 22 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 14 
 
 14.0 
 
 56 
 
 63 
 
 51 
 
 12 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.30 
 
 3.1 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 11 
 
 13.0 
 
 53 
 
 78 
 
 64 
 
 14 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.65 
 
 ■\.7. 
 
 
 ' 27 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 12 
 
 17.0 
 
 32 
 
 68 
 
 65 
 
 3 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.40 
 
 5.4 
 
 
 ■ 29 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 16 
 
 13.0 
 
 69 
 
 86 
 
 80 
 
 6 
 
 1.60 
 
 0.00 
 
 2.5 
 
 " 31 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 19 
 
 13.0 
 
 67 
 
 83 
 
 67 
 
 16 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.45 
 
 2.2 
 
 
 Average . 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 14 
 
 13.0 
 
 55 
 
 83 
 
 61 
 
 22 
 
 0.38 
 
 0.87 
 
 3.4 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 dag 
 >..2.2 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 -a 
 S 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 fi 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 
 as 
 
 G 10 
 
 -a 
 > 
 
 
 m 
 w 
 
 (5 
 fi 
 
 (D 
 
 
 >> 
 IS 
 g 
 
 s 
 
 c 
 .fi 
 
 p. 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 'u 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 '3 
 
 ni 
 bo 
 
 'S 
 o 
 
 0) 6 
 fc<J 
 
 03 
 
 2 
 
 
 a] 
 O 
 
 _2 
 > 
 
 •a 
 fa 
 
 0) 
 
 u 
 
 Dec. 1 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 7 
 
 " 8 
 
 ■' 10 
 
 ■' 12..... 
 
 " 14 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 31 
 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 
 6.8 
 14.0 
 6.4 
 8.0 
 11.0 
 7.4 
 6.5 
 7.1 
 12.0 
 5.5 
 5.7 
 5.5 
 3.3 
 4.7 
 8.3 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 9.4 
 
 7.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.0 
 
 1.1 
 
 0.6 
 0.7 
 1.1 
 0.6 
 0.7 
 0.7 
 0.9 
 0.8 
 0.7 
 0.9 
 1.2 
 0.9 
 1.2 
 
 1.4 
 2.8 
 2.8 
 2.8 
 2.0 
 2.5 
 1.1 
 3.2 
 
 sis 
 
 2.6 
 2.4 
 3.5 
 3.3 
 3.6 
 
 29 
 57 
 29 
 31 
 33 
 33 
 28 
 30 
 37 
 19 
 29 
 28 
 14 
 33 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 49 
 92 
 50 
 51 
 62 
 62 
 62 
 56 
 
 54 
 63 
 52 
 33 
 56 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 39 
 70 
 44 
 42 
 50 
 49 
 47 
 48 
 
 40 
 48 
 39 
 32 
 50 
 50 
 
 46 
 
 10 
 
 22 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 7.9 
 11.0 
 7.6 
 8.6 
 8.3 
 7.8 
 7.5 
 6.9 
 9.7 
 4.1 
 6.9 
 6.8 
 3.8 
 7.4 
 8.6 
 
 7.5 
 
 4.3 
 4.9 
 7.4 
 8.0 
 6.6 
 6.7 
 7.0 
 6.1 
 5.8 
 7.7 
 7.3 
 6.7 
 7.0 
 6.5 
 5.8 
 
 6.5 
 
 - 
 
 ■ 
 
 7' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 
 Average . . 
 
 7.5 
 
 9.7 
 
 0.87 
 
 2.7 
 
 
 
 
 230 
 
Influent 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 Parts per MSlllon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. P. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 e 
 
 3 
 C 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 'X. 
 
 2 
 
 r. 
 
 ■s 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 
 E 
 
 o 
 a 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 O S 
 
 t-. 
 
 1 
 
 •a 
 
 X 
 
 ti 
 X* 
 
 O 
 
 Jan. 3 
 
 t 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 27 
 
 46 
 45 
 46 
 48 
 46 
 48 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 44 
 44 
 46 
 44 
 46 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 13 
 15 
 11 
 20 
 17 
 23 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 17.0 
 9.2 
 15.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 8.3 
 
 12. 
 
 44 
 60 
 60 
 
 77 
 71 
 80 
 76 
 
 C7 
 
 73 
 70 
 77 
 93 
 96 
 145 
 78 
 
 90 
 
 68 
 54 
 62 
 
 1 1 
 
 72 
 82 
 52 
 
 67 
 
 5 
 16 
 15 
 16 
 24 
 
 2^; 
 
 23 
 
 0.88 
 0.23 
 0.63 
 0.40 
 0.25 
 0.28 
 . 3') 
 
 0.27 
 1 .55 
 0.52 
 
 . &.5 
 1.00 
 1.10 
 
 1 . 00 
 
 4.9 
 2.7 
 4.2 
 
 2.4 
 0.9 
 1.6 
 2.8 
 
 Average 
 
 .42 
 
 1.06 
 
 2 8 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 Jan. 3 
 
 1.06 
 
 " 7 
 
 1.06 
 
 " 11 
 
 1.06 
 
 " 15 
 
 1.06 
 
 " 19 
 
 1.06 
 
 " 23 
 
 1.06 
 
 " 27 
 
 1.06 
 
 Average. 
 
 B. c 
 
 si 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 3.3 
 
 4.2 
 5.2 
 7.0 
 11.0 
 8.0 
 7.2 
 
 o 
 
 fi-i "^ 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 12.0 
 
 ii:o 
 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 10.0 
 
 1.1 
 1.6 
 1.6 
 1.1 
 1.6 
 1.8 
 1.6 
 
 2.6 
 2.0 
 2.6 
 1.9 
 1.8 
 2.2 
 1.8 
 
 0.611.3 1.5 2.1 33 47 37 10 8.65.6 
 
 Suspended X. 
 Matter = 
 
 fS. 
 
 5.1 
 
 9.8 
 
 ^.^ 
 
 14.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 — 
 
 XS 
 
 7'!li"-2" 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ♦Stable on the 14th and putrescible on 15th. 
 
 231 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 IS 
 
 S 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 
 
 cZ 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Date 
 
 ■4J 
 
 s 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 <D S 
 
 in 
 
 >, 
 
 O 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 U 
 
 c 
 to 
 
 O 
 
 Feb. -l 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 18.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 73 
 
 92 
 
 73 
 
 19 
 
 0.85 
 
 0.45 
 
 1.50 
 
 " 7 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 15.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 52 
 
 81 
 
 66 
 
 15 
 
 0.55 
 
 1.20 
 
 4.40 
 
 " 11 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 20.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 74 
 
 116 
 
 75 
 
 41 
 
 0.58 
 
 IMO 
 
 2.30 
 
 " 15 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 17.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 60 
 
 90 
 
 69 
 
 21 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.60 
 
 4.80 
 
 " 19 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 17.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 62 
 
 82 
 
 62 
 
 20 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.70 
 
 3.60 
 
 " 28 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 11.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 50 
 
 56 
 
 48 
 
 8 
 
 0.40 
 
 3.10 
 
 6.40 
 
 Average , . 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 16. 
 
 10.3 
 
 C2 
 
 86 
 
 66 
 
 20 
 
 .46 
 
 1.5 
 
 3.8 
 
 Effluent. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 a) 
 
 g 
 
 3 
 m 
 (H 
 o 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 >i 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Susp'ed 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 c 
 
 a m 
 Oo 
 
 <D ■ 
 M C 
 
 Ou3 
 
 T3 
 
 a) 
 
 o 
 w 
 
 Q 
 
 £ 
 
 >> 
 
 X 
 O 
 
 '3 
 
 M 
 0) 
 
 3 
 
 u 
 
 E 
 
 c 
 
 5 
 
 <1C 
 
 a 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 O 
 
 .2 
 d 
 o 
 
 <D a 
 £a 
 
 
 m 
 a! 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 ■a 
 
 Q> 
 
 X 
 
 E 
 
 E 
 
 O tH 
 
 N 03 
 
 Feb. 2 
 
 " 7 
 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 
 9.4 
 6.5 
 11.0 
 6.8 
 5.8 
 3.1 
 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 7.3 
 
 0.70 
 0.60 
 0.70 
 0.90 
 1.00 
 1.10 
 
 1.20 
 2.20 
 1.90 
 2.90 
 0.50 
 3.30 
 
 46 
 34 
 45 
 33 
 34 
 21 
 
 36 
 
 55 
 46 
 56 
 37 
 51 
 32 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 40 
 50 
 21 
 43 
 29 
 
 38 
 
 10 
 6 
 6 
 
 16 
 8 
 3 
 
 14.0 
 8.7 
 
 11.0 
 8.1 
 9.8 
 4.7 
 
 4.3 
 5.7 
 3.6 
 5.4 
 5.3 
 7.3 
 
 * 
 * 
 
 7' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 " 11 
 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 Average . . 
 
 
 7.1 
 
 11. 
 
 .83 
 
 2.0 
 
 8 
 
 9.4 
 
 5.3 
 
 
 
 
 *Stable on 7th, putrescible on 6th. 
 *Stable on 28th and putrescible on 27th. 
 
 232 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 W 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 s 
 
 a) 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 9. 
 
 f-, 
 
 > 
 m 
 
 a 
 
 
 d) 
 to 
 
 t-. 
 
 X 
 
 n 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 3 
 
 d 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 Ml 
 
 o 
 
 .2 
 '3 
 o 
 
 IB a 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 M 
 
 ar. 4 
 
 ' 8 
 
 • 12 
 
 ' 16 
 
 ' 20 
 
 ' 24 
 
 ' 28 
 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 44 
 45 
 42 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 43 
 44 
 43 
 43 
 42 
 43 
 
 43 
 
 17 
 15 
 18 
 1G 
 15 
 13 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 60 
 60 
 61 
 57 
 55 
 52 
 38 
 
 55 
 
 98 
 86 
 96 
 
 104 
 94 
 80 
 64 
 
 89 
 
 88 
 64 
 74 
 90 
 74 
 58 
 42 
 
 70 
 
 10 
 22 
 22 
 14 
 20 
 22 
 22 
 
 19 
 
 1.10 
 0.35 
 0.30 
 0.90 
 0..25 
 0.20 
 0.40 
 
 .50 
 
 0.90 
 1.75 
 1.30 
 1.30 
 1.95 
 2.30 
 2.20 
 
 1.7 
 
 3.6 
 5.3 
 3.8 
 3.6 
 4.3 
 3.7 
 4.1 
 
 A 
 
 rerage. . . , 
 
 4.1 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogfen 
 
 S 
 
 c 
 >< 
 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 
 a^ 
 
 3 0) 
 
 00 
 
 M.a 
 
 T3 
 
 01 
 > 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 (3 
 
 d 
 <u 
 M 
 >. 
 X 
 
 
 3 
 CU 
 
 u 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 ■*- 
 
 d 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 "a 
 
 1 
 
 '3 
 
 
 
 a> S 
 
 ga 
 
 
 03 
 
 S-t 
 
 4-9 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 ■0 
 
 X 
 
 E 
 
 1^ 
 t. 
 
 Mar. 4 
 
 " 8 
 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 
 7.4 
 6.0 
 6.4 
 7.6 
 7.2 
 4.2 
 4.1 
 
 6.1 
 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 10.0 
 12.0 
 9.0 
 7.7 
 
 1.6 
 1.2 
 0.9 
 0.9 
 1.0 
 0.8 
 0.9 
 
 0.4 
 2.5 
 0.9 
 0.6 
 2.8 
 2.9 
 3.6 
 
 2.0 
 
 33 
 28 
 34 
 35 
 37 
 31 
 22 
 
 31 
 
 30 
 33 
 36 
 48 
 86 
 42 
 32 
 
 44 
 
 30 
 32 
 31 
 44 
 65 
 33 
 24 
 
 37 
 
 00 
 1 
 5 
 4 
 
 21 
 
 9 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 9.0 
 7.6 
 9.9 
 8.7 
 8.9 
 7.8 
 5.1 
 
 8.1 
 
 5.4 
 5.4 
 5.1 
 5.5 
 6.0 
 6.3 
 6.2 
 
 5.7 
 
 * 
 
 + 
 
 7' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 " 12 
 
 
 
 " 16 
 
 
 
 " 20 
 
 
 
 " 24 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 Average 
 
 
 10.5 
 
 1.0 
 
 
 ♦stable on 7th, putrescible on 8tli. 
 
 233 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 Suspended 
 Mattel- 
 
 
 
 •a 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Date 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 c 
 
 <D a 
 2fi 
 
 "J 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 •a 
 
 X 
 
 m 
 
 11 
 
 a 
 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 (l,< 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 z 
 
 •z 
 
 O 
 
 Apr. 1 
 
 43 
 
 43 
 
 15.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 45 
 
 86 
 
 58 
 
 28 
 
 0.25 
 
 2.60 
 
 4.0 
 
 " 5 
 
 43 
 
 42 
 
 9.2 
 
 8.0 
 
 43 
 
 72 
 
 56 
 
 16 
 
 0.50 
 
 2.30 
 
 6.8 
 
 " 9 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 50 
 
 76 
 
 54 
 
 22 
 
 1.80 
 
 0.60 
 
 4.1 
 
 " 17 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 9.4 
 
 14.0 
 
 44 
 
 72 
 
 58 
 
 14 
 
 2.40 
 
 0.00 
 
 4.1 
 
 " 21 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 20.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 58 
 
 108 
 
 62 
 
 46 
 
 0.80 
 
 2.00 
 
 2.9 
 
 " 25 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 12.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 48 
 
 74 
 
 56 
 
 18 
 
 0.30 
 
 2.10 
 
 7.3 
 
 " 29 
 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 57 
 
 80 
 
 58 
 
 22 
 
 0.35 
 
 2.10 
 
 4.7 
 
 Average . . . . 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 13. 
 
 9.8 
 
 50 
 
 81 
 
 57 
 
 24 
 
 0.91 
 
 1.7 
 
 4.8 
 
 Note — Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r/l 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 a CD 
 o H 
 
 •a 
 
 4! 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 bl) 
 
 .3 
 
 1909 
 
 2=S 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 03 
 
 
 E 
 
 
 
 .2 <u 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 Oo 
 
 Q 
 
 .a 
 
 4-1 
 
 fe^ 
 
 Date 
 
 <^ <-l CJ 
 
 u 
 
 « 
 
 m 
 
 
 c 
 
 
 <^ 
 
 
 rO 
 
 la 
 
 o 
 
 
 »-i =3 
 
 
 ally 
 illioi 
 er A 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 1^ 
 
 0)0 
 
 "C 
 
 
 it 
 
 M 
 
 >. 
 
 "ci 
 
 75 
 
 •a 
 <v 
 
 0) . 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 0) 
 
 
 
 QSCU 
 
 o 
 
 t=<<! 
 
 2 
 
 Z 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 t, 
 
 0..-5 
 
 O 
 
 Pm 
 
 Q 
 
 mS 
 
 Apr. 1 
 
 1.06 
 
 3.6 
 
 7.0 
 
 0.9 
 
 3.1 
 
 26 
 
 32 
 
 31 
 
 1 
 
 6.1 
 
 6.2 
 
 * 
 
 7' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 " 5 
 
 1.06 
 
 4.5 
 
 5.3 
 
 1.1 
 
 3.9 
 
 22 
 
 40 
 
 35 
 
 5 
 
 4.6 
 
 6.6 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 '■ 9 
 
 1.06 
 
 4.3 
 
 6.3 
 
 1.6 
 
 2.4 
 
 22 
 
 39 
 
 31 
 
 8 
 
 3.9 
 
 7.1 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 1.06 
 
 4.0 
 
 8.4 
 
 1.4 
 
 3.7 
 
 21 
 
 41 
 
 32 
 
 9 
 
 3.6 
 
 6.7 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 1.06 
 
 6.5 
 
 8.7 
 
 1.6 
 
 2.2 
 
 26 
 
 56 
 
 38 
 
 18 
 
 fi.n 
 
 5.3 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 " 25 
 
 1.06 
 
 2.5 
 
 8.7 
 
 1.0 
 
 3.2 
 
 26 
 
 41 
 
 30 
 
 11 
 
 4.8 
 
 7.8 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 1.06 
 
 8.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 2.7 
 
 31 
 
 71 
 
 54 
 
 17 
 
 7.5 
 
 5.8 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 Average . . 
 
 
 4.8 
 
 7.8 
 
 1.2 
 
 3.0 
 
 25 
 
 46 
 
 36 
 
 10 
 
 5.2 
 
 6.5 
 
 
 
 
 
 *Stable on 31st March and unstable April 1st. 
 "'Stable on 28th April and unstable April 29th. 
 Note — ^Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 234 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. P. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 S 
 
 3 
 
 
 o 
 u 
 u 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 ■4-) 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 
 3 
 
 V 
 
 "3 
 
 1 
 
 '3 
 O 
 
 a> a 
 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 •a 
 
 EQ 
 01 
 
 (3 
 
 a 
 en 
 
 O 
 
 M 
 
 ay 3 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ' 11 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ' 19 
 
 ' 23 
 
 ' 27 
 
 47 
 50 
 52 
 53 
 52 
 52 
 55 
 
 52 
 
 44 
 52 
 54 
 57 
 54 
 52 
 55 
 
 53 
 
 12 
 22 
 16 
 23 
 21 
 17 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 10.0 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 
 11. 
 
 40 
 57 
 57 
 59 
 62 
 45 
 64 
 
 55 
 
 88 
 116 
 '124 
 122 
 108 
 
 98 
 140 
 
 114 
 
 66 
 70 
 58 
 88 
 76 
 82 
 92 
 
 76 
 
 22 
 46 
 66 
 34 
 32 
 16 
 48 
 
 38 
 
 0.50 
 1.20 
 0.30 
 2.00 
 0.40 
 0.40 
 0.35 
 
 0.9 
 0.8 
 2.0 
 0.1 
 2.2 
 0.2 
 1.3 
 
 3.1 
 3.8 
 2.4 
 3.2 
 2.3 
 3.0 
 0.63 
 
 Average 
 
 0.74 
 
 1.1 
 
 2.6 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 en 
 
 a 
 o 
 o 
 
 cl 
 <i> 
 
 u 
 
 o 
 
 a« 
 
 O c 
 O lo 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 o 
 
 01 
 Oj 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 <ii 
 
 bo 
 O 
 
 3 
 '3 
 
 3 
 
 <D 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 "5 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 1 
 
 £ a 
 fell 
 
 2 
 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 t- 
 
 May 3 
 
 7 
 
 6.1 
 14.0 
 20.0 
 22.0 
 16.0 
 
 9.9 
 12.0 
 
 6.7 
 7.7 
 8.7 
 9.4 
 9.4 
 9.0 
 9.4 
 
 8.6 
 
 1.2 
 1.6 
 2.0 
 1.6 
 1.8 
 1.4 
 1.4 
 
 1.6 
 
 3.1 
 1.2 
 2.3 
 0.4 
 2.6 
 3.4 
 1.5 
 
 2.1 
 
 24 
 42 
 52 
 64 
 56 
 36 
 42 
 
 45 
 
 4.4 
 9.4 
 12.0 
 19.0 
 15.0 
 7.6 
 10.0 
 
 11. 
 
 76 
 152 
 258 
 456 
 226 
 136 
 108 
 
 2fl2 
 
 54 
 109 
 170 
 180 
 156 
 100 
 
 84 
 
 122 
 
 22 
 43 
 88 
 276 
 70 
 36 
 24 
 
 80 
 
 7.3 
 4.5 
 3.3 
 3.7 
 5.1 
 5.8 
 3.9 
 
 4.8 
 
 i^ 
 
 7' 
 
 ir'-2" 
 
 " 11 
 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 Average 
 
 14. 
 
 
 - on the 3rd. 
 + on the 2nd. 
 Putrescibllity test— 48 hrs. at 100 degrees P. 
 
 235 
 

 
 
 
 nfluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 •e 
 
 Suspended 
 
 
 
 •o 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 B 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ri 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Bate. 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 bo 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 a) @ 
 
 
 d 
 
 Is 
 
 
 
 
 g 
 ill) 
 
 
 <a 
 
 
 O 
 
 ^< 
 
 x 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 « 
 
 
 ■fj 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 >■ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Z 
 
 Iz; 
 
 O 
 
 June 3 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 64 
 
 122 
 
 90 
 
 32 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.95 
 
 1.1 
 
 " 7 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 51 
 
 82 
 
 62 
 
 20 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.7 
 
 " 11 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 22 
 
 12 
 
 64 
 
 134 
 
 80 
 
 54 
 
 0.60 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.4 
 
 " 15 
 
 57 
 
 60 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 54 
 
 92 
 
 62 
 
 30 
 
 0.80 
 
 0.00 
 
 1.3 
 
 " 19 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 56 
 
 92 
 
 70 
 
 22 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.6 
 
 " 24 
 
 62 
 
 67 
 
 17 
 
 19 
 
 58 
 
 94 
 
 78 
 
 16 
 
 0.05 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.0 
 
 " 28 
 
 61 
 
 65 
 
 16 
 
 16 
 
 39 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 2 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.36 
 
 0.0 
 
 Average . . 
 
 58 
 
 tiO 
 
 17 
 
 16 
 
 55 
 
 95 
 
 70 
 
 25 
 
 0.33 
 
 0.46 
 
 0.6 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 s 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 g m 
 
 IS 
 
 > 
 
 
 ;-< 
 
 bo 
 
 1=1 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 o 
 m 
 
 s 
 
 ID 
 a> 
 Ul 
 >> 
 
 O 
 
 >, 
 
 3 
 
 *o 
 xn 
 
 CD 
 U 
 
 3 
 
 -M 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 'S 
 
 O 
 
 '3 
 
 
 
 a) S 
 
 0) a 
 
 3; 
 
 Z 
 
 z 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 5 
 
 ■a 
 
 X 
 
 
 June 3 
 
 1.06 
 
 12.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 2.2 
 
 48 
 
 148 
 
 106 
 
 42 
 
 12.0 
 
 5.7 
 
 -i 
 
 7' 
 
 lJ"-2" 
 
 " 7 
 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 1.06 
 
 8.9 
 7.1 
 6.0 
 5.8 
 
 8.0 
 9.0 
 
 7.7 
 7.7 
 
 2.2 
 2.2 
 1.8 
 1.8 
 
 4.9 
 1.3 
 3.2 
 4.6 
 
 35 
 38 
 29 
 26 
 
 96 
 82 
 82 
 58 
 
 66 
 58 
 48 
 40 
 
 30 
 24 
 34 
 18 
 
 6.2 
 6.3 
 4.8 
 5.3 
 
 4.1 
 3.4 
 5.0 
 5.2 
 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 
 " 24 
 
 1.06 
 
 6.4 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 3.0 
 
 30 
 
 71 
 
 55 
 
 16 
 
 7.1 
 
 3.9 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 1.06 
 
 5.0 
 
 6.0 
 
 1.8 
 1.9 
 
 6.2 
 3.6 
 
 23 
 33 
 
 62 
 86 
 
 41 
 59 
 
 21 
 
 27 
 
 3.9 
 6.5 
 
 5.5 
 4.7 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Average. . 
 
 
 ^ . o 
 
 7.9 
 
 
 
 Putrescible on the 2nd and stable on the 3rd. 
 Putrescible on the 10th and stable on the 11th. 
 
 236 
 
Appendix K. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and 
 Effluent of Sprinkling Filter No. 3. 
 
Influent. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 Suspended 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 e 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 OS 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 CJ 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 <D 
 
 
 m 
 
 a> 
 
 
 
 CD a 
 
 s. a 
 
 0) 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 'c3 
 O 
 
 
 
 ■4-) 
 
 
 o 
 
 fc< 
 
 o 
 
 E- 
 
 > 
 
 ^ 
 
 z 
 
 z 
 
 Aug. 29 
 
 11.0 
 
 14 
 
 52 
 
 84 
 
 63 
 
 21 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 30 
 
 6.2 
 
 14 
 
 36 
 
 67 
 
 49 
 
 18 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.03 
 
 " 31 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 62 
 
 105 
 
 81 
 
 24 
 
 0.20 
 
 i- 
 
 0.19 
 
 0.07 
 
 Average . . 
 
 11. 
 
 14 
 
 50 
 
 85 
 
 64 
 
 21 
 
 0.03 
 
 Seot. 1 
 
 11.0 
 
 16 
 
 62 
 
 103 
 
 80 
 
 23 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.18 
 
 
 ' 2 
 
 11.0 
 
 16 
 
 62 
 
 86 
 
 61 
 
 25 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.26 
 
 
 • 3 
 
 11.0 
 
 15 
 
 62 
 
 93 
 
 70 
 
 23 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.15 
 
 
 4 
 
 9.8 
 
 15 
 
 56 
 
 88 
 
 66 
 
 22 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.18 
 
 
 5 
 
 10.0 
 
 14 
 
 55 
 
 103 
 
 70 
 
 33 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.29 
 
 
 6 
 
 6.0 
 
 14 
 
 33 
 
 82 
 
 60 
 
 22 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.15 
 
 
 * 7 
 
 7.8 
 
 15 
 
 38 
 
 73 
 
 59 
 
 14 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.05 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 . 65 
 
 106 
 
 78 
 
 28 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.02 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 65 
 
 87 
 
 65 
 
 22 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.06 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 10.0 
 
 16 
 
 76 
 
 145 
 
 105 
 
 40 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.02 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 66 
 
 112 
 
 88 
 
 24 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.17 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 64 
 
 98 
 
 67 
 
 31 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 10.0 
 
 18 
 
 68 
 
 106 
 
 75 
 
 31 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ■ 19 
 
 12.0 
 
 18 
 
 68 
 
 118 
 
 78 
 
 40 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.04 
 
 
 ' 21 
 
 16.0 
 
 17 
 
 77 
 
 131 
 
 99 
 
 32 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.07 
 
 
 ' 22 
 
 13.0 
 
 18 
 
 81 
 
 132 
 
 92 
 
 40 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.02 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 12.0 
 
 17 
 
 78 
 
 110 
 
 79 
 
 31 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.03 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 82 
 
 102 
 
 74 
 
 28 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.40 
 
 
 25 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 87 
 
 156 
 
 106 
 
 50 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.01 
 
 
 • 29 
 
 14.0 
 
 16 
 
 80 
 
 148 
 
 93 
 
 55 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.14 
 
 
 ' 30 
 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 
 16 
 16 
 
 74 
 67 
 
 182 
 112 
 
 118 
 80 
 
 64 
 32 
 
 . 0.12 
 0.14 
 
 0.04 
 
 
 Average. . 
 
 0.16 
 
 238 
 
Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 Aug. 29 
 
 " 30.... 
 " 31 
 
 Average . 
 
 Sept. 1... 
 
 2... 
 
 3... 
 
 4... 
 
 5... 
 
 6... 
 
 7... 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 Average. . 
 
 .B§ 
 
 QSPh 
 
 0.60 
 0.00 
 0.60 
 
 0.60 
 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 0.60 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 
 7.1 
 2.4 
 7.5 
 
 5.7 
 
 4.5 
 5.6 
 3.8 
 3.6 
 4.8 
 2.2 
 2.0 
 2.8 
 2.0 
 4.6 
 7.0 
 4.0 
 3.6 
 6.0 
 2.4 
 
 3.1 
 3.9 
 2.3 
 
 4.3 
 19.0 
 10.0 
 
 4.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.16 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.00 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.60 
 
 11.0 
 
 .45 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.80 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.80 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.10 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.20 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.60 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.50 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 14.0 
 
 1.60 
 
 9.4 
 
 2.20 
 
 9.4 
 
 2.00 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 14.0 
 
 1.00 
 
 14.0 
 
 1.60 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.40 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.80 
 
 11.0 
 
 2.40 
 
 11.0 
 
 2.00 
 
 11.0 
 
 2.00 
 
 14.0 
 
 6.00 
 
 10.0 
 
 2.20 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 0.46 
 0.65 
 0.43 
 
 .51 
 
 0.43 
 0.74 
 0.10 
 0.00 
 0.50 
 2.00 
 1.70 
 1.70 
 1.30 
 0.60 
 2.00 
 2.20 
 0.50 
 3.00 
 2.60 
 1.40 
 1.20 
 2.40 
 1.80 
 0.80 
 1.20 
 
 1.3- 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 29 
 27 
 23 
 24 
 23 
 15 
 19 
 22 
 19 
 23 
 21 
 10 
 29 
 31 
 20 
 22 
 27 
 20 
 34 
 198 
 96 
 
 fa 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 23 
 23 
 24 
 21 
 14 
 16 
 20 
 17 
 19 
 20 
 10 
 24 
 18 
 19 
 19 
 24 
 13 
 27 
 118 
 62 
 
 35 27 
 
 4 
 1 
 
 5 
 13 
 1 
 3 
 3 
 
 80 
 34 
 
 li' 
 
 239 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 •a 
 
 a 
 
 8 
 
 a 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 o 
 
 d 
 
 & 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 g 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 PI 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 S 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 o S 
 
 "3 
 I 
 
 o 
 
 •a 
 
 E 
 
 m 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 d) 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 ct. 1 
 
 ' 2 
 
 ■ 8 
 
 9 
 
 ' 10 
 
 ' 11 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ' 14 
 
 ' 17 
 
 • 18....- 
 ' 19 
 
 ■ 20 
 
 • 21 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 25 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ' 27 
 
 ' 28 
 
 ' 29 
 
 ' 30 
 
 57 
 54 
 58 
 58 
 57 
 56 
 56 
 56 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 55 
 55 
 55 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 56 
 56 
 54 
 
 56 
 
 53 
 50 
 5G 
 57 
 56 
 55 
 53 
 50 
 55 
 57 
 55 
 50 
 48 
 50 
 57 
 58 
 58 
 56 
 55 
 51 
 
 54 
 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 16.0 
 
 8.5 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 13.0 
 
 8.1 
 15.0 
 15.0 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 
 5.1 
 11.0 
 
 9.7 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 
 12.2 
 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 16 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 14 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 17 
 16 
 18 
 16 
 15 
 16 
 13 
 14 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 82 
 74 
 69 
 68 
 70 
 45 
 84 
 75 
 71 
 55 
 78 
 78 
 72 
 87 
 51 
 75 
 69 
 69 
 66 
 78 
 
 71 
 
 125 
 106 
 126 
 102 
 118 
 126 
 232 
 160 
 152 
 ,118 
 142 
 
 63 
 126 
 296 
 
 90 
 136 
 118 
 130 
 
 96 
 196 
 
 138 
 
 81 
 70 
 86 
 70 
 80 
 62 
 
 142 
 94 
 
 100 
 78 
 98 
 47 
 78 
 
 186 
 66 
 90 
 82 
 84 
 68 
 
 130 
 
 90 
 
 44 
 36 
 40 
 32 
 38 
 64 
 90 
 66 
 52 
 40 
 44 
 16 
 48 
 110 
 24 
 46 
 36 
 46 
 28 
 60 
 
 48 
 
 0.08 
 0.32 
 0.90 
 0.40 
 0.22 
 0.04 
 0.07 
 0.18 
 0.10 
 0.07 
 0.11 
 0.12 
 0.20 
 0.10 
 0.01 
 0.12 
 0.12 
 0.10 
 0.14 
 0.08 
 
 0.17 
 
 0.00 
 0.00 
 0.15 
 0.02 
 0.12 
 0.22 
 3.30 
 0.01 
 0.14 
 0.12 
 0.20 
 0.14 
 0.20 
 0.27 
 0.15 
 0.28 
 0.10 
 0.30 
 0.15 
 0.29 
 
 0.31 
 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 
 
 Average. . 
 
 0.0 
 
 240 
 
Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts pei 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .2C3 p 
 
 QSP4 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 •a 
 
 ID 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 o 
 
 ci 
 a> 
 
 M 
 
 >-. 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 o 
 
 5 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 4-1 
 
 io 
 '3 
 
 H 
 
 3 
 
 U 
 CD 
 
 'i 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 5' 
 
 a 
 
 0) 
 
 a tH 
 
 (D 
 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 '3 
 o 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 s> a 
 
 m 
 
 0) 
 
 '■z 
 
 
 "3 
 
 
 
 01 
 I 
 
 ■a 
 
 0) 
 
 
 Oct. 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 0.6 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 5.9 
 6.4 
 5.9 
 3.1 
 3.1 
 1.5 
 4.3 
 5.6 
 3.3 
 2.8 
 5.6 
 4.1 
 5.9 
 5.1 
 3.1 
 5.3 
 5.0 
 4.9 
 3.9 
 5.1 
 
 4.5 
 
 9.4 
 
 2.9 
 
 9.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 14.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 9.7 
 
 12.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.80 
 1.80 
 2.20 
 1.60 
 1.00 
 1.20 
 1.00 
 1.40 
 1.80 
 2.00 
 1.20 
 1.40 
 1.60 
 1.20 
 1.80 
 1.60 
 1.40 
 1.40 
 1.20 
 1.00 
 
 2.40 
 2.20 
 2.00 
 3.40 
 2.40 
 3.60 
 2.80 
 1.60 
 3.40 
 2.60 
 2.80 
 1.80 
 1.00 
 1.80 
 1.00 
 1.00 
 1.00 
 1.80 
 1.40 
 0.50 
 
 44 
 36 
 28 
 27 
 24 
 16 
 26 
 27 
 29 
 15 
 24 
 25 
 27 
 24 
 19 
 27 
 25 
 26 
 25 
 29 
 
 26 
 
 53 
 56 
 26 
 13 
 25 
 18 
 28 
 21 
 28 
 14 
 16 
 20 
 24 
 25 
 42 
 36 
 39 
 26 
 18 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 35 
 36 
 24 
 11 
 20 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 20 
 10 
 16 
 11 
 18 
 15 
 33 
 30 
 32 
 21 
 14 
 25 
 
 21 
 
 18 
 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 8 
 4 
 
 9 
 6 
 10 
 9 
 6 
 7 
 5 
 4 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 5.6 
 
 sis 
 
 6.5 
 5.7 
 7.1 
 7.0 
 5.2 
 6.8 
 9.4 
 4.8 
 3.3 
 3.5 
 5.8 
 4.0 
 4.0 
 4.5 
 5.3 
 4.3 
 4.3 
 
 5.4 
 
 + 
 + 
 
 li"-2' 
 
 ' 
 
 " S 
 
 
 
 " 9 
 
 
 
 " 10 
 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 
 
 " 13 
 
 
 
 " 14 
 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 
 
 " 18 
 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 
 " 20 
 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 
 
 " 22 
 
 
 
 " 25 
 
 
 
 " 26 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 
 
 " 28 
 
 
 
 " 29 
 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 . Average. . 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.5 
 
 2.0 
 
 
 241 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Mil 
 
 lion 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■c 
 
 Suspended 
 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 c 
 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ci 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 Date 
 
 -^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 CL 
 
 
 m 
 
 OJ 
 
 C 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 
 a S 
 
 0. 
 
 c: 
 
 ci 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 C(J 
 
 60 
 >> 
 
 
 
 e 
 
 
 t S 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 
 ■LJ 
 
 
 
 B 
 
 O 
 
 fc< 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 Ec! 
 
 s 
 
 12 
 
 O 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 51 
 
 42 
 
 8.3 
 
 10 
 
 50 
 
 112 
 
 76 
 
 30 
 
 .05 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 » o 
 
 51 
 
 41 
 
 13.11 
 
 15 
 
 74 
 
 156 
 
 86 
 
 70 
 
 .08 
 
 0.29 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 3 
 
 52 
 
 47 
 
 9.9 
 
 10 
 
 59 
 
 144 
 
 104 
 
 40 
 
 .07 
 
 . 33 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 4 
 
 52 
 
 49 
 
 17.0 
 
 14 
 
 07 
 
 112 
 
 70 
 
 30 
 
 .70 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.20 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 52 
 
 IG 
 
 18.0 
 
 IS 
 
 80 
 
 130 
 
 86 
 
 44 
 
 .70 
 
 0.23 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 6 
 
 51 
 
 4ij 
 
 16.0 
 
 13 
 
 72 
 
 120 
 
 80 
 
 40 
 
 .50 
 
 . 43 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 8 
 
 51 
 
 48 
 
 8.8 
 
 15 
 
 43 
 
 98 
 
 76 
 
 22 
 
 .10 
 
 0.16 
 
 1.70 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 51 
 
 49 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 07 
 
 90 
 
 08 
 
 09 
 
 .60 
 
 0.27 
 
 0.67 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 52 
 
 50 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 68 
 
 112 
 
 82 
 
 30 
 
 .50 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.60 
 
 
 ' 11 
 
 52 
 
 52 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 66 
 
 134 
 
 92 
 
 42 
 
 .55 
 
 0.38 
 
 0.86 
 
 
 ' 12 
 
 51 
 
 51 
 
 15.0 
 
 16 
 
 71 
 
 122 
 
 90 
 
 9 
 
 .45 
 
 0.37 
 
 1.20 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 52 
 
 50 
 
 12.0 
 
 22 
 
 1-15 
 
 108 
 
 82 
 
 26 
 
 .25 
 
 0.47 
 
 0.76 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 50 
 
 49 
 
 9.7 
 
 15 
 
 48 
 
 108 
 
 84 
 
 24 
 
 .04 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 • 16 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 18.0 
 
 12 
 
 70 
 
 114 
 
 92 
 
 22 
 
 .25 
 
 1.00 
 
 0.80 
 
 
 ' 17 
 
 50 
 
 49 
 
 15.0 
 
 14 
 
 72 
 
 118 
 
 92 
 
 26 
 
 .40 
 
 0.60 
 
 2.30 
 
 
 ' 18 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 15.0 
 
 15 
 
 68 
 
 140 
 
 88 
 
 52 
 
 .30 
 
 0.37 
 
 1.10 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 50 
 
 49 
 
 14.0 
 
 15 
 
 73 
 
 152 
 
 98 
 
 54 
 
 .40 
 
 0.37 
 
 1.10 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 13.0 
 
 10 
 
 69 
 
 110 
 
 68 
 
 42 
 
 .50 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.46 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 52 
 
 49 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 66 
 
 138 
 
 104 
 
 34 
 
 .05 
 
 0.47 
 
 1.10 
 
 
 ' 24 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 15.0 
 
 17 
 
 73 
 
 130 
 
 94 
 
 36 
 
 .08 
 
 0.29 
 
 0.99 
 
 
 • 26 
 
 51 
 
 52 
 
 10. 
 
 15 
 
 41 
 
 262 
 
 194 
 
 68 
 
 .20 
 
 0.17 
 
 0.60 
 
 
 ' 27 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 15.0 
 
 18 
 
 76 
 
 144 
 
 112 
 
 32 
 
 .35 
 
 0.52 
 
 0.18 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 7.4 
 
 17 
 
 41 
 
 102 
 
 66 
 
 36 
 
 .18 
 
 0.82 
 
 0.59 
 
 
 ' 30 
 
 50 
 51 
 
 49 
 49 
 
 18 . (J 
 13.5 
 
 14 
 16 
 
 79 
 65 
 
 190 
 131 
 
 100 
 91 
 
 ,90 
 40 
 
 .35 
 .32 
 
 1.10 
 0.41 
 
 1.90 
 
 A' 
 
 ^erage. . . 
 
 0.75 
 
 242 
 
Effluent. 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 .20 » 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 1 
 
 s 
 s 
 
 to 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 'SI 
 
 ■J. 
 Q 
 a 
 
 M 
 >i 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 s 
 
 ■3 
 
 s 
 
 3 
 
 P4 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 Q 
 
 60 
 fi 
 "u 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 1 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 2 
 
 "a, 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 ■a 
 
 X 
 
 u 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 " 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 6 
 
 ■' 8 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 
 4.7 
 7.3 
 4.1 
 7 . 7 
 C..5 
 8.7 
 3.5 
 4.9 
 4.1 
 6.5 
 6.T 
 2.3 
 4.3 
 0.6 
 7.4 
 4.6 
 4.2 
 5.2 
 5.4 
 6.8 
 2.2 
 7.8 
 3.2 
 11.0 
 
 5.7 
 
 13 
 10 
 12 
 12 
 16 
 12 
 12 
 13 
 13 
 13 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 10 
 12 
 12 
 15 
 12 
 13 
 14 
 14 
 13 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 U IJ 
 
 l.U 
 1.0 
 t (1 
 
 i!2 
 
 1.2 
 1.4 
 0.8 
 1.2 
 0.9 
 0.8 
 0.8 
 1.4 
 1.2 
 O.G 
 0.8 
 0.8 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 0.7 
 1.2 
 0.7 
 1.2 
 
 1.0 
 
 2.UIJ 
 2 .911 
 
 1 . 80 
 2.20 
 11.00 
 fi .70 
 2.CII 
 0.70 
 
 2 . 00 
 I.I . 70 
 1.40 
 1.20 
 3.20 
 1.30 
 1.40 
 0.40 
 1.00 
 0.90 
 1.00 
 0.30 
 1.70 
 1.20 
 2.40 
 1.20 
 
 1.45 
 
 24 
 oo 
 
 25 
 31 
 35 
 
 34 
 20 
 2C 
 27 
 32 
 27 
 27 
 20 
 28 
 30 
 29 
 28 
 24 
 29 
 33 
 18 
 29 
 18 
 41 
 
 28 
 
 o7 
 38 
 50 
 38 
 40 
 32 
 28 
 33 
 12 
 41 
 24 
 25 
 2'8 
 37 
 25 
 31 
 28 
 20 
 37 
 35 
 22 
 30 
 28 
 4C 
 
 3'2 
 
 2S 
 28 
 32 
 35 
 34 
 30 
 28 
 20 
 12 
 29 
 22 
 23 
 26 
 35 
 25 
 22 
 23 
 16 
 30 
 25 
 22 
 30 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 9 
 10 
 18 
 
 o 
 
 12 
 2 
 
 
 13 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 () 
 
 .5 
 4 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 ■0 
 
 12.0 
 7.G 
 6.4 
 5.4 
 4.0 
 4.1 
 6.1 
 4.3 
 4.5 
 3.3 
 3.4 
 3.4 
 5.7 
 4.0 
 3.2 
 2.5 
 3.3 
 2.0 
 6.7 
 3.2 
 2.3 
 2.4 
 4.9 
 3.2 
 
 4.5 
 
 + 
 
 5' 
 
 lJ"-2" 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -- 
 
 
 
 
 Average . 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 243 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Temp. 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 13 
 
 IS 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 c 
 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 a a 
 ga 
 
 g 
 
 1 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 •a 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 h<< 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 fe 
 
 z 
 
 2 
 
 Dec. 2 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 18.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 71 
 
 146 
 
 100 
 
 46 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.55 
 
 " 5 
 
 49 
 
 44 
 
 15.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 00 
 
 184 
 
 67 
 
 117 
 
 0.30 
 
 0.90 
 
 " 7 
 
 48 
 
 45 
 
 14.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 46 
 
 62 
 
 53 
 
 9 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.30 
 
 " 9 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 14.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 59 
 
 61 
 
 47 
 
 14 
 
 1.00 
 
 0.40 
 
 " 11 
 
 48 
 
 44 
 
 9.8 
 
 13.0 
 
 58 
 
 69 
 
 56 
 
 13 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.10 
 
 " 13 
 
 47 
 
 44 
 
 7.4 
 
 13.0 
 
 34 
 
 50 
 
 47 
 
 9 
 
 0.60 
 
 0.50 
 
 " 15 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 54 
 
 88 
 
 70 
 
 18 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.30 
 
 " 17 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 12.0 
 
 16 . 
 
 52 
 
 70 
 
 54 
 
 10 
 
 0.40 
 
 
 " 19 
 
 48 
 
 45 
 
 16.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 51 
 
 94 
 
 69 
 
 25 
 
 0.20 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 12.0 
 
 16.0 
 
 56 
 
 76 
 
 67 
 
 9 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.60 
 
 " 26 
 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 14.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 47 
 
 64 
 
 58 
 
 6 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.40 
 
 '■ 28 
 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 14.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 58 
 
 68 
 
 65 
 
 3 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.35 
 
 " 30 
 
 47 
 48 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 16.0 
 13. 
 
 14.0 
 13.5 
 
 63 
 
 55 
 
 82 
 86 
 
 70 
 63 
 
 12 
 
 23 
 
 0.30 
 0.44 
 
 0.40 
 
 Average . . 
 
 0.53 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Mill 
 
 on 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■-. o 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■3 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 w 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 M 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 bJ),S 
 
 1-rt 
 
 ■3 
 ? 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 CD 
 5-1 
 
 E 
 
 
 
 a 
 Q 
 
 a 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 '3 
 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 ■5 
 
 o 
 
 0) a 
 
 £ a 
 
 CO 
 
 2 
 
 M 
 
 CD 
 
 3 
 
 H 
 
 CD 
 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 
 X 
 
 E 
 
 E_H 
 ■".2 
 
 D 
 
 ec. 2 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 11 
 
 ■ 13 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ' 19 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ' 28 
 
 ' sn 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 
 :4.o 
 
 10.0 
 5.2 
 4.2 
 5.2 
 4.4 
 9.4 
 6.1 
 0.1 
 4.3 
 5.7 
 7.7 
 5.7 
 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 9.4 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 15.0 
 13.0 
 
 0.8 
 0.9 
 0.8 
 1.1 
 O.G 
 0.8 
 0.9 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.3 
 1.4 
 2.0 
 1.4 
 
 0.60 
 2.10 
 2.4(1 
 1.40 
 1.30 
 2.80 
 1.70 
 
 2! 40 
 2.20 
 1.80 
 2.00 
 
 1.9 
 
 40 
 41 
 26 
 27 
 26 
 18 
 24 
 25 
 20 
 25 
 21 
 26 
 20 
 
 27 
 
 43 
 
 57 
 
 29 
 24 
 28 
 26 
 
 21 
 
 27 
 
 9 
 
 19 
 31 
 
 27 
 
 29 
 
 36 
 37 
 29 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 21 
 20 
 9 
 28 
 19 
 30 
 27 
 
 25 
 
 7 
 
 20 
 
 
 5 
 4 
 2 
 
 
 
 4 
 1 
 1 
 
 
 4 
 
 11. u 
 12.0 
 7.7 
 9.0 
 8.1 
 4.4 
 7.1 
 7.1 
 6.9 
 9.0 
 5.8 
 7.9 
 9.6 
 
 8.2 
 
 2.7 
 4.5 
 7.0 
 4.8 
 4.6 
 6.2 
 5.0 
 3.7 
 3.6 
 6.2 
 5.1 
 6.4 
 5.5 
 
 5.0 
 
 - 
 
 5' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 A 
 
 verage 
 
 7.2 
 
 12. 
 
 1.1 
 
 
 244 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 o 
 
 B 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Date 
 
 Id 
 
 ID 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 S 
 
 0) 
 
 el 
 
 
 S 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 i^< 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 h=< 
 
 z 
 
 s 
 
 O 
 
 Jan. 6 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 16 
 
 10.0 
 
 60 
 
 70 
 
 58 
 
 12 
 
 0.32 
 
 1.08 
 
 4.6 
 
 " 9 
 
 46 
 
 43 
 
 18 
 
 12.0 
 
 66 
 
 91 
 
 76 
 
 15 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.20 
 
 3.4 
 
 " 13 
 
 46- 
 
 44 
 
 15 
 
 14.0 
 
 67 
 
 76 
 
 56 
 
 20 
 
 0.80 
 
 0.36 
 
 2.7 
 
 ■' 17 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 15 
 
 15.0 
 
 72 
 
 88 
 
 71 
 
 17 
 
 t).30 
 
 0.01 
 
 3.0 
 
 " 21 
 
 47- 
 
 44 
 
 22 
 
 10.0 
 
 78 
 
 108 
 
 81 
 
 27 
 
 0.27 
 
 1.05 
 
 2.1 
 
 " 25 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 13 
 
 9.4 
 
 58 
 
 73 
 
 55 
 
 IS 
 
 0.28 
 
 1.60 
 
 4.1 
 
 " 31 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 14 
 
 14.0 
 
 54 
 
 83 
 
 65 
 
 18 
 
 0.57 
 
 i0.50 
 
 4.8 
 
 Average. .. 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 16 
 
 12. 
 
 65 
 
 84 
 
 66 
 
 18 
 
 .40 
 
 .91 
 
 3.5 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallond 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 •a 
 a> 
 
 B 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 u 
 
 <v 
 M 
 >. 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 II 
 
 S 
 > 
 
 "o 
 
 K 
 
 C 
 
 a 
 
 to 
 >, 
 y. 
 
 O 
 
 >. 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 o 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 !i> a 
 
 QJ 
 
 m 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 Q 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 Je 
 
 n. 5 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ■ 17 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 25 
 
 ' 31 
 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 7.6 
 4.8 
 4.8 
 6.2 
 7.0 
 3.6 
 7.6 
 
 5.9 
 
 10.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 10.0 
 12.0 
 
 13. 
 
 1.6 
 1.4 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 
 1.3 
 
 1.1 
 
 1.7 
 2.4 
 1.2 
 1.7 
 2.6 
 2.4 
 
 1.9 
 
 25 
 29 
 34 
 29 
 34 
 26 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 34 
 39 
 60 
 35 
 31 
 32 
 
 37 
 
 28 
 29 
 26 
 49 
 31 
 26 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 7.4 
 7.5 
 9.2 
 9.2 
 11.0 
 6.0 
 7.6 
 
 6.3 
 5.6 
 5.1 
 4.8 
 4.8 
 4.5 
 5.3 
 
 5.2 
 
 + 
 
 * 
 * 
 
 Average 
 
 8.3 
 
 
 *Stable on the 8tli and putrescible on the 9th. 
 Stable on the 12th and putrescible on the 13th. 
 Stable on the 16th and putrescible on the 17th. 
 Putrescible on the 30th and stable on 31st. 
 
 245 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 O 
 O 
 
 s 
 
 M 
 >> 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 CO 
 
 QJ 
 
 CO 
 
 z 
 
 ■a 
 a 
 > 
 
 1909 
 
 Date 
 
 1-1 
 
 a 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 a S 
 a> a 
 
 £-3 
 
 "3 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 > 
 
 ■a 
 
 iS 
 
 ca 
 
 (0 
 
 'q 
 o 
 
 Feb. 5 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 13 
 
 ■' 17 
 
 " 21 
 
 4G 
 46 
 46 
 45 
 41 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 43 
 44 
 43 
 41 
 
 43 
 
 19.0 
 20.0 
 19.0 
 15.0 
 0.8 
 
 16. 
 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 11.0 
 
 9.2 
 6.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 77 
 78 
 76 
 65 
 26 
 
 64 
 
 103 
 95 
 96 
 66 
 
 70 
 
 86 
 
 76 
 74 
 86 
 49 
 62 
 
 69 
 
 27 
 21 
 10 
 17 
 8 
 
 17 
 
 0.3S 
 0.48 
 0.28 
 0.20 
 0.15 
 
 .30 
 
 0.98 
 1.70 
 1.30 
 2.00 
 2.40 
 
 1.7 
 
 0.98 
 3.01 
 2.40 
 4.20 
 8.20 
 
 Average .... 
 
 3.8 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 CI 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 o 
 O 
 d 
 
 0) 
 M 
 
 ;>! 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 "a 
 
 mE-i 
 
 o2 
 
 
 
 Co 
 
 73 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 
 >> 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 >, 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 bo 
 
 O 
 
 2 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 0) a 
 
 s a 
 
 CO 
 
 CQ 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 E 
 
 3 
 •3 
 S 
 
 3 
 
 Feb. 5 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 21 
 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 8.5 
 13.0 
 6.2 
 9.0 
 1.7 
 
 7.7 
 
 14.0 
 16.0 
 15.0 
 12.0 
 6.7 
 
 13. 
 
 0.80 
 1.80 
 0.80 
 1.10 
 0.80 
 
 0.90 
 0.70 
 1.60 
 1.60 
 3.10 
 
 1.6 
 
 51 
 39 
 36 
 47 
 15 
 
 38 
 
 83 
 56 
 44 
 86 
 42 
 
 62 
 
 64 
 45 
 33 
 72 
 38 
 
 50 
 
 19 
 11 
 11 
 14 
 
 4 
 
 T2 
 
 16.0 
 12.0 
 10.0 
 11.0 
 4.7 
 
 2.9 
 3.6 
 4.6 
 5.G 
 7.3 
 
 4.8 
 
 + 
 
 Average .... 
 
 l.OG 
 
 11. 
 
 
 246 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. 
 
 Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 -a 
 o 
 
 e 
 
 d 
 m 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 > 
 ■3 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .2 
 
 
 
 
 
 ta 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 Date. 
 
 3 
 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 'a 
 
 d 
 
 o 
 
 a> 
 
 a 
 
 bo 
 
 •3 
 
 0) 
 
 3 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 1 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 £0 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 H 
 
 '£ 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 
 
 ilch. 2 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 16.0 
 
 8.7 
 
 60 
 
 84 
 
 66 
 
 18 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.40 
 
 3.6 
 
 " 6 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 16.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 64 
 
 88 
 
 66 
 
 22 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.45 
 
 4.1 
 
 " 10 
 
 45 
 
 43 
 
 22.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 60 
 
 86 
 
 64 
 
 22 
 
 0.35 
 
 1.75 
 
 5.3 
 
 " 14 
 
 44 
 
 40 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 50 
 
 82 
 
 50 
 
 32 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.95 
 
 5.4 
 
 " 18 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 17.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 58 
 
 98 
 
 64 
 
 34 
 
 0.35 
 
 1.75 
 
 3.9 
 
 " 22 
 
 44 
 
 41 
 
 13.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 52 
 
 80 
 
 56 
 
 24 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.90 
 
 5.4 
 
 " 26 
 
 43 
 
 43 
 
 9.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 48 
 
 74 
 
 62 
 
 12 
 
 0.80 
 
 1.80 
 
 4.6 
 
 " 30 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 42 
 42 
 
 15.0 
 15. 
 
 .8.4 
 11.0 
 
 58 
 57 
 
 120 
 90 
 
 78 
 63 
 
 48 
 27 
 
 0.90 
 
 2.60 
 
 4.6 
 
 Average 
 
 .41 
 
 1.8 
 
 4.6 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 <B 
 
 S 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 
 
 d 
 
 0) 
 
 bo 
 
 >} 
 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter. 
 
 ■a 
 
 §S 
 
 dU 
 
 0.1 • 
 
 bij d 
 
 &i 
 
 ■a 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 (3 
 
 d 
 a 
 bo 
 
 & 
 
 
 ;>! 
 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 '3 
 
 C3 
 be 
 u 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 (B a 
 2a 
 
 m 
 
 w 
 ■Ja 
 
 ■g 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 E 
 
 3 
 "3 
 
 0) 
 
 ■*-> 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 ch. 2 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ' 10 
 
 ' 14 
 
 ' 18 
 
 ■ 22 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ' 30 
 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 6.0 
 6.0 
 8.4 
 4.0 
 7.8 
 6.0 
 2.8 
 4.6 
 
 5.7 
 
 10 
 14 
 14 
 13 
 13 
 14 
 11 
 10 
 
 12 
 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.0 
 1.1 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.6 
 
 1.2 
 
 0.4 
 0.6 
 0.3 
 2.2 
 2.6 
 2.6 
 1.8 
 1.7 
 
 1.5 
 
 34 
 33 
 29 
 25 
 33 
 28 
 24 
 27 
 
 29 
 
 58 
 53 
 47 
 34 
 32 
 49 
 26 
 50 
 
 44 
 
 42 
 40 
 33 
 21 
 24 
 37 
 23 
 40 
 
 33 
 
 16 
 13 
 14 
 13 
 
 8 
 12 
 
 3 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 9.0 
 9.6 
 
 9.8 
 5.6 
 7.1 
 6.3 
 6.5 
 6.7 
 
 7.6 
 
 6.1 
 6.0 
 4.8 
 6.4 
 6.3 
 6.5 
 6.4 
 6.6 
 
 6.1 
 
 ' 
 
 k 
 
 Average 
 
 
 
 *Putrescible on 13tli, stable on 14th. 
 
 247 
 
Influent, 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 Suspended 
 
 
 
 •o 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 CD 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Matter. 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 ai 
 m 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 4-> 
 
 d 
 a- 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 a) 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 T3 
 
 
 m 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 I 
 
 
 g 
 
 -£3 
 
 88 
 
 < 
 
 April 3 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 8.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 47 
 
 78 
 
 60 
 
 18 
 
 1.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 3.1 
 
 200 
 
 " 7 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 7.4 
 
 9.0 
 
 38 
 
 58 
 
 44 
 
 14 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.10 
 
 4.5 
 
 84 
 
 167 
 
 ■' 11 
 
 44 
 
 41 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.7 
 
 40 
 
 72 
 
 64 
 
 8 
 
 1.30 
 
 1.10 
 
 6.0 
 
 72 
 
 192 
 
 " 15 
 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 12.0 
 
 6.4 
 
 41 
 
 74 
 
 56 
 
 18 
 
 1.60 
 
 1.10 
 
 4.7 
 
 102 
 
 172 
 
 " 19 
 
 45 
 
 48 
 
 15.0 
 
 10,0 
 
 47 
 
 74 
 
 60 
 
 14 
 
 0.20 
 
 2.90 
 
 2.9 
 
 96 
 
 188 
 
 " 23 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 17.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 58 
 
 138 
 
 52 
 
 86 
 
 0.45 
 
 2.15 
 
 3.2 
 
 136 
 
 200 
 
 " 27 
 
 48 
 45 
 
 47 
 45 
 
 19.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 59 
 
 47 
 
 100 
 86 
 
 74 
 59 
 
 32 
 
 27 
 
 0.25 
 
 2.35 
 
 4.3 
 
 180 
 
 216 
 
 Average . 
 
 13. 
 
 9.6 
 
 0.84 
 
 1.5 
 
 4.1 
 
 108 
 
 191 
 
 Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 w 
 
 o 
 d 
 
 0) 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Mattel- 
 
 ■3 
 
 U o 
 dU 
 
 ■3 
 > 
 
 o 
 tfl 
 
 CD 
 
 P 
 
 ell 
 !>> 
 i«i 
 
 o 
 
 >, 
 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 'S 
 
 (-1 
 o 
 
 .5 
 '3 
 
 o 
 m 9 
 
 |i(<! 
 
 a) 
 
 CO 
 
 01 
 
 CIS 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 H 
 
 CP 
 .i-l 
 
 I 
 
 fa 
 
 s 
 
 m 
 a) 
 
 3 
 
 cu 
 
 A 
 
 pril 3 
 
 ' 7 
 
 ■ 11 
 
 ' 15 
 
 ■ 19 
 
 ' 23 
 
 • 27 
 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 3.7 
 4.3 
 2.8 
 3.0 
 3.9 
 5.6 
 8.6 
 
 9.7 
 8.7 
 9.4 
 6.7 
 9.7 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 1.2 
 1.6 
 1.6 
 1.6 
 1.6 
 1.0 
 1.6 
 
 1..5 
 
 2.2 
 2.0 
 2.0 
 2.3 
 2.0 
 2.2 
 1.0 
 
 2.1 
 
 22 
 21 
 19 
 20 
 17 
 30 
 26 
 
 23 
 39 
 
 27 
 23 
 17 
 16 
 
 27 
 
 21 
 33 
 24 
 20 
 17 
 16 
 22 
 
 22 
 
 2 
 6 
 3 
 3 
 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 5.3 
 3.8 
 3.9 
 3.5 
 3.9 
 6.0 
 6.3 
 
 4.4 
 7.4 
 8.2 
 7.2 
 5.0 
 4.9 
 6.1 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 Average . . 
 
 4.5 
 
 9.C 
 
 22 1 25 
 
 4.7 1 6.2 
 
 
 Bach sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 248 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 m 
 
 e 
 o 
 O 
 
 a 
 a> 
 Ul 
 
 >. 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 X 
 
 2 
 
 > 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 d 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 O. 
 
 d 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 ■3 
 
 1 
 
 C 
 
 
 Itey 1 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 28 
 
 46 
 49 
 52 
 52 
 52 
 53 
 54 
 56 
 
 52 
 
 44 
 48 
 55 
 53 
 54 
 54 
 54 
 58 
 
 53 
 
 11 
 20 
 15 
 20 
 15 
 22 
 20 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 11.0 
 9.4 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 11.0 
 9.0 
 13.0 
 11.0 
 
 10.7 
 
 47 
 56 
 40 
 59 
 
 57 
 71 
 
 59 
 
 56 
 
 104 
 84 
 
 SO 
 
 lis 
 
 92 
 164 
 
 112 
 120 
 
 60 
 60 
 74 
 74 
 54 
 96 
 
 ^0| 
 
 44 
 24 
 
 u 
 
 r. J. 
 32 
 50 
 
 l.Tu: 0.7 '4.2 
 0.40' l.S 1.7 
 C» St'l 1.4 3.3 
 2: 2.3 ■2.5 
 
 60 2.0 2 5 
 
 1 40 0.4 1.9 
 0.30 1 10.6 
 0.35 1.4 2.1 
 
 Average 
 
 110 71 1 3ii 0.73' 1.5 '2.4 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 I'er Acre 
 
 Nitrogfen 
 
 E 
 
 ||l 
 
 S::=;e--:e(i 
 
 I'l-^-.i-.r 
 
 5 - 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 bo 
 
 
 
 fc< 
 
 1 
 
 z z 
 
 '^. '. Z ^ 
 
 £ 
 
 M 
 
 ay 1 
 
 ' 5 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ■ 17 
 
 ' 21 
 
 ' 25 
 
 ' 28 
 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 3.7 
 8.2 
 6.6 
 9.6 
 6.3 
 7.5 
 6.5 
 11.0 
 
 9.7 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 10.0 
 
 9^0 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.8 
 2.2 
 
 2.4 
 2.0 
 2.4 
 2.0 
 1.8 
 
 2.0 
 
 1.6 
 2 .2 
 l!2 
 1.2 
 2.8 
 0.0 
 1.3 
 1.3 
 
 1.5 
 
 34 
 19 
 30 
 31 
 36 
 
 27 
 
 Z . 5 
 0.8 
 6.0 
 9.0 
 3.3 
 7.4 
 5.8 
 6.3 
 
 42 , 33 9 
 
 -So 1 46 9 
 
 31 ; 21 ; 10 
 61 1 2% i 33 
 51 38 1 13 
 
 SO 04 ' 20 
 
 5.5 - 
 4 % 
 
 ■J . 4 ~ — 
 
 5.4 — 
 3.8 - 
 4.2. - 
 
 Average 
 
 7.4 
 
 9.4 
 
 6.0 
 
 3; 39 16 
 
 J 
 
 — on the 4th- — on the 17th, 
 + on the 5th. + on the 20th. 
 + on the 16th. — on the 22nd. 
 
 249 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. P. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 03 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 a 
 
 CD 
 W) 
 !>. 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 > 
 n 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 C 
 
 CP 
 
 P 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 bjO 
 5 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 0) a 
 t a 
 
 s 
 
 > 
 
 
 m 
 
 w 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 
 0) 
 
 & 
 O 
 
 Jii 
 
 ne 1 
 
 • 5 
 
 ' 9 
 
 ' 13 
 
 ' 17 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 26 
 
 ' 30 
 
 55 
 5G 
 56 
 58 
 57 
 69 
 62 
 62 
 
 58 
 
 55 
 57 
 fiG 
 57 
 58 
 61 
 61 
 61 
 
 58 
 
 23 
 19 
 21 
 12 
 13 
 16 
 15 
 13 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 18 
 17 
 16 
 
 18 
 17 
 18 
 23 
 
 18 
 
 ■65 
 64 
 66 
 44 
 54 
 58 
 55 
 58 
 
 58 
 
 140 
 160 
 132 
 104 
 
 82 
 104 
 
 94 
 116 
 
 117 
 
 110 
 104 
 100 
 70 
 62 
 78 
 78 
 96 
 
 87 
 
 30 
 62 
 32 
 34 
 20 
 26 
 16 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 0.50 
 0.00 
 0.35 
 0.05 
 0.20 
 0.10 
 0.03 
 0.02 
 
 0.16 
 
 0.80 
 0.10 
 0.45 
 0.15 
 0.30 
 0.20 
 0.28 
 0.25 
 
 0.31 
 
 1.7 
 0.9 
 0.4 
 1.5 
 1.4 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 
 Ai 
 
 ^erage . . . 
 
 0.7 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 June 1. 
 
 5. 
 
 9. 
 13. 
 17. 
 
 26. 
 30. 
 
 Average. . 
 
 2 
 
 oSpu 
 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 10.0 
 5.3 
 8.9 
 5 
 7 
 
 13.0 
 6 
 
 7.6 
 
 CS 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 <p a 
 
 
 f. a 
 
 
 u<< 
 
 2 
 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 
 9.0 
 12.0 
 
 8.4 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 
 11. 
 
 1.3 
 
 0.0 
 0.4 
 0.0 
 1.8 
 1.0 
 0.2 
 0.4 
 0.3 
 
 0.5 
 
 O 
 32 
 28 
 37 
 
 25 
 
 OO 
 Oo 
 
 44 
 30 
 26 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 62 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 52 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 35 
 
 76 
 
 70 
 
 44 
 
 36 
 
 60 
 
 48 
 
 152 
 
 106 
 
 42 
 
 32 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 50 
 
 7 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 12 
 46 
 10 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 T3 
 
 
 c a> 
 
 > 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ' ^ 
 
 rji' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^o 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 
 c".,^ 
 
 o 
 
 &s 
 
 
 Oio 
 
 o 
 
 8.1 
 
 3.1 
 
 7.2 
 
 2.5 
 
 10.7 
 
 1.9 
 
 4.3 
 
 4.8 
 
 8.2 
 
 3.0 
 
 10.6 
 
 4.4 
 
 6.6 
 
 1.5 
 
 6.3 
 
 1.8 
 
 7.7 
 
 2.9 
 
 
 stable on the 4th and putrescible on the 5th. 
 Stable on the 13th and putrescible on the 12th. 
 Stable on the 17th and putrescible on the IGth. 
 Stable on the 21st and putrescible on the 22nd. 
 
 250 
 
Appendix L. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent and 
 Effluent of Sprinkling Filter No. 4. 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 ■a 
 w 
 
 B 
 
 3 
 w 
 
 C 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ai 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 d 
 to 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 II 
 
 a 
 
 >. 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 -i-i 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 E 
 
 B 
 
 Is 
 
 Aug. 28 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 49 
 
 73 
 
 58 
 
 15 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.38 
 
 " 29 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 50 
 
 62 
 
 51 
 
 11 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.05 
 
 " 30 
 
 5.6 
 
 13.0 
 
 32 
 
 47 
 
 42 
 
 5 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.05 
 
 " 31 
 
 11.0 
 10.0 
 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 
 58 
 47 
 
 94 
 69 
 
 73 
 56 
 
 21 
 13 
 
 0.18 
 0.12 
 
 0.09 
 
 Average. . 
 
 0.14 
 
 Sept. 1.. 
 
 2.. 
 
 4.. 
 
 5.. 
 
 6.. 
 
 7.. 
 
 8.. 
 11.. 
 12.. 
 13.. 
 15.. 
 16.. 
 17.. 
 18.. 
 21.. 
 22.. 
 23.. 
 24.. 
 25.. 
 27.. 
 28.. 
 
 Average . 
 
 9.0 
 8.6 
 8.8 
 9.4 
 3.8 
 7.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 13.0 
 8.8 
 9.2 
 
 11.0 
 8.4 
 
 13.0 
 6.4 
 
 13.0 
 7.6 
 6.8 
 
 13.0 
 
 l3.0 
 8.9 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.5 
 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 16.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 17.0 
 16.0 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 15.0 
 19.0 
 16.0 
 16.0 
 14.0 
 17.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 59 
 
 83 
 
 66 
 
 17 
 
 0.18 
 
 58 
 
 80 
 
 59 
 
 21 
 
 0.07 
 
 50 
 
 81 
 
 69 
 
 12 
 
 0.15 
 
 52 
 
 77 
 
 63 
 
 14 
 
 0.10 
 
 32 
 
 64 
 
 52 
 
 12 
 
 0.10 
 
 37 
 
 57 
 
 49 
 
 8 
 
 0.01 
 
 59 
 
 107 
 
 84 
 
 23 
 
 0.07 
 
 79 
 
 98 
 
 76 
 
 22 
 
 0.08 
 
 60 
 
 83 
 
 62 
 
 21 
 
 0.04 
 
 47 
 
 81 
 
 65 
 
 16 
 
 0.06 
 
 57 
 
 64 
 
 52 
 
 12 
 
 0.08 
 
 64 
 
 74 
 
 54 
 
 20 
 
 0.06 
 
 59 
 
 80 
 
 62 
 
 18 
 
 0.07 
 
 71 
 
 89 
 
 71 
 
 18 
 
 0.03 
 
 70 
 
 83 
 
 69 
 
 14 
 
 0.10 
 
 67 
 
 77 
 
 62 
 
 15 
 
 0.09 
 
 69 
 
 67 
 
 54 
 
 13 
 
 0.11 
 
 70 
 
 68 
 
 53 
 
 15 
 
 0.06 
 
 74 
 
 86 
 
 66 
 
 20 
 
 0.04 
 
 33 
 
 52 
 
 44 
 
 8 
 
 0.12 
 
 59 
 
 89 
 
 61 
 
 28 
 
 0.02 
 
 58 
 
 78 
 
 62 
 
 16 
 
 0.08 
 
 0.06 
 
 252 
 
Effluent. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 01 
 
 a 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ;^ 
 
 
 .2 O <" 
 
 
 ri 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 XI 
 
 <M 
 
 fc« 
 
 Date 
 
 ally Y 
 illion 
 er Aci 
 
 O 
 
 g 
 
 4J 
 
 ■•J 
 
 
 Of 
 
 >> 
 
 ■3 
 
 1 
 
 ■o 
 
 o 
 a; 
 
 is 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 O f-, 
 
 
 QSPm 
 
 
 fe<J 
 
 s 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 t; 
 
 pin 
 
 Q 
 
 m§ 
 
 Aug.28 
 
 0.64 
 
 7.9 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.50 
 
 0.12 
 
 38 
 
 33 
 
 28 
 
 5 
 
 
 5' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 " 29 
 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 
 5.1 
 2.1 
 6.3 
 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 1.00 
 0.80 
 1.30 
 
 0.33 
 0.44 
 0.54 
 
 37 
 19 
 
 25 
 
 30 
 
 29 
 14 
 22 
 
 25 
 
 24 
 12 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 5 
 2 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 " 30 
 
 
 
 " 31 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 Average.. 
 
 5.3 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.91 
 
 0.36 
 
 
 Sept. 1. 
 2. 
 4. 
 5. 
 6. 
 7. 
 
 11.. 
 12.. 
 13.. 
 15.. 
 16.. 
 17.. 
 18.. 
 21.. 
 22.. 
 23.. 
 24.. 
 25.. 
 27.. 
 28.. 
 
 Average , 
 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.04 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 0.64 
 
 3.3 
 
 5.8 
 2.6 
 
 4.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 3.0 
 
 2.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 1.5 
 
 1.6 
 
 1 
 
 4.6 
 
 3.1 
 
 3.4 
 
 3.2 
 
 3.1 
 
 3 
 
 1.9 
 
 2.5 
 
 14.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 12.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 9.4 
 
 8.4 
 
 9.7 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 9.4 
 
 9.7 
 
 8.7 
 
 9.7 
 
 9.4 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 2.8 9.61.5 2.5 
 
 43 
 85 
 20 
 00 
 30 
 00 
 50 
 40 
 40 
 80 
 40 
 20 
 80 
 
 .00 
 
 .4 
 8 
 
 .2 
 
 .2 
 6 
 
 .6 
 
 .0 
 
 25 
 25 
 23 
 23 
 14 
 17 
 21 
 28 
 25 
 18 
 20 
 21 
 24 
 24 
 27 
 32 
 29 
 28 
 29 
 17 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 22 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 
 1 
 
 32 
 
 29 
 
 3 
 
 
 22 
 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 2 
 
 -1 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 - 
 
 19 
 
 17 
 
 2 
 
 + 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 
 18 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 20 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 
 - 
 
 22 
 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 
 - 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 16 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 253 
 
influent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 •a 
 
 IS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 c 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 C!J 
 
 
 
 
 03 
 
 s 
 
 Date 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 'a 
 
 d 
 be 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 <D 6 
 
 s a 
 
 a 
 
 ho 
 >> 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 "o 
 > 
 
 'a 
 cp 
 X 
 
 
 CD 
 "S 
 
 2 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 Oct. 1 
 
 57 
 
 53 
 
 8.4 
 
 16. U 
 
 09 
 
 35.5 
 
 24.0 
 
 11.5 
 
 0.18 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 2 
 
 53 
 
 50 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 63 
 
 65.0 
 
 55.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 4 
 
 57 
 
 53 
 
 11.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 40 
 
 50.0 
 
 45.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.03 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 5 
 
 57 
 
 53 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 03 
 
 86.1) 
 
 07.0 
 
 19.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.04 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 6 
 
 57 
 
 54 
 
 12.0 
 
 13. U 
 
 57 
 
 63.0 
 
 50.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.07 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 13 
 
 55 
 
 52 
 
 11.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 58 
 
 69.0 
 
 49.0 
 
 20.0 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.25 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 14 
 
 56 
 
 51 
 
 13.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 00 
 
 80.(1 
 
 57.0 
 
 29.0 
 
 . 10 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 57 
 
 53 
 
 13.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 65 
 
 77.0 
 
 59.0 
 
 18.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 • 16 
 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 14.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 66 
 
 79.0 
 
 59.0 
 
 20.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.15 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 17 
 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 12.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 61 
 
 67. 
 
 52.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 0.28 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 22 
 
 54 
 
 49 
 
 12.0 
 
 19.0 
 
 70 
 
 86.0 
 
 64.0 
 
 22.0 
 
 0.14 
 
 0.28 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 55 
 
 50 
 
 7.0 
 
 1.3.0 
 
 61 
 
 82.0 
 
 64.0 
 
 18.0 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.01 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 25 
 
 57 
 
 59 
 
 12.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 37 
 
 58.0 
 
 50.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 0.02 
 
 0.09 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 26 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 9.3 
 
 16 . 
 
 64 
 
 95.0 
 
 09.0 
 
 26.0 
 
 0.24 
 
 0.13 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 27 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 62 
 
 59.0 
 
 57.0 
 
 2.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.00 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 65 
 
 89.0 
 
 61.0 
 
 28.0 
 
 0.10 
 
 0.32 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 ■ 29 
 
 56 
 
 55 
 
 11.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 60 
 
 61.0 
 
 48.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.17 
 
 0.00 
 
 " 30 
 
 54 
 56 
 
 50 
 54 
 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 
 62 
 60 
 
 83.0 
 
 64.0 
 
 19.0 
 
 0.12 
 0.16 
 
 0.25 
 0.12 
 
 0.00 
 
 
 Average . 
 
 72. 
 
 55. 
 
 17. 
 
 0.00 
 
 25t 
 
Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 Oct. 
 
 1. 
 
 2. 
 
 4. 
 
 5. 
 
 6. 
 13. 
 14. 
 15. 
 16. 
 17. 
 22. 
 23. 
 25. 
 26. 
 27. 
 28. 
 29. 
 30. 
 
 Average . 
 
 .ag 
 
 2 c5 o 
 QSPh 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 .64 
 
 •.64 
 
 1.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 1.20 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 4.8 
 3.3 
 2.7 
 3.7 
 3.9 
 2.9 
 5.7 
 2.3 
 3.3 
 2.6 
 11.0 
 7.4 
 1.3 
 2.2 
 4.9 
 5.5 
 3.3 
 5,4 
 
 4.2 
 
 9.7 
 8.0 
 9.4 
 8.4 
 9.0 
 
 10.0 
 6.4 
 9.0 
 8.0 
 8.7 
 
 12.0 
 8.7 
 8.0 
 8.7 
 
 10.0 
 9.0 
 8.0 
 8.7 
 
 2.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 2.0 
 1.3 
 2.0 
 
 4.4 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 1 
 
 1.2 
 
 0.8 
 
 8.9 1.8 
 
 2.7 26 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 Q 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 Oh 
 
 4.9 
 
 4.6 
 
 6.0 
 
 5.2 
 
 4.5 
 
 8.6 
 
 6.2 
 
 4. 
 
 5.1 
 
 6.0 
 
 5.9 
 
 5.2 
 
 4.5 
 
 4.1 
 
 5.0 
 
 4.8 
 
 5.3 
 
 4.2 
 
 5.2 
 
 c 
 
 si 
 
 p. 
 o 
 O 
 
 5' 
 
 fe.^ 
 
 li' 
 
 255 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 CO 
 
 
 O 
 n 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 > 
 
 O 
 to 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 nj 
 
 
 
 
 >, 
 
 Date 
 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 zn 
 
 
 a 
 
 CD 
 !>. 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 b'H 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 ti 
 
 '4, 
 
 z 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 < 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 51 
 
 38 
 
 6.1 
 
 15 
 
 37 
 
 49 
 
 36 
 
 13 
 
 0.14 
 
 .10 
 
 0.00 
 
 53 
 
 190 
 
 2 
 
 51 
 
 39 
 
 11.0 
 
 13 
 
 61 
 
 64 
 
 46 
 
 18 
 
 0.08 
 
 .21 
 
 0.32 
 
 104 
 
 256 
 
 3 
 
 53 
 
 45 
 
 9.3 
 
 15 
 
 47 
 
 86 
 
 66 
 
 20 
 
 0.14 
 
 .17 
 
 0.00 
 
 112 
 
 220 
 
 4 
 
 52 
 
 45 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 56 
 
 64 
 
 50 
 
 14 
 
 0.70 
 
 .20 
 
 0.00 
 
 134 
 
 244 
 
 5 
 
 50 
 
 40 
 
 14.0 
 
 17 
 
 68 
 
 70 
 
 55 
 
 15 
 
 0.70 
 
 .75 
 
 0.00 
 
 148 
 
 216 
 
 6 
 
 50 
 
 39 
 
 17.0 
 
 11 
 
 60 
 
 70 
 
 54 
 
 22 
 
 1.00 
 
 .00 
 
 0.00 
 
 166 
 
 244 
 
 8 
 
 50 
 
 43 
 
 7.2 
 
 15 
 
 31 
 
 55 
 
 47 
 
 8 
 
 0.12 
 
 .14 
 
 2.00 
 
 64 
 
 176 
 
 9 
 
 48 
 
 44 
 
 13.0 
 
 16 
 
 00 
 
 71 
 
 53 
 
 18 
 
 0.10 
 
 .22 
 
 0.10 
 
 154 
 
 248 
 
 '■ 10 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 00 
 
 71 
 
 55 
 
 16 
 
 0.40 
 
 .17 
 
 0.24 
 
 170 
 
 288 
 
 ■' 11 
 
 51 
 
 49 
 
 11.0 
 
 13 
 
 50 
 
 54 
 
 37 
 
 17 
 
 1.20 
 
 .10 
 
 0.00 
 
 144 
 
 232 
 
 " 12 
 
 49 
 
 45 
 
 13.0 
 
 16 
 
 03 
 
 76 
 
 57 
 
 19 
 
 0.50 
 
 .12 
 
 0.00 
 
 142 
 
 232 
 
 '■ 13 
 
 49 
 
 39 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 57 
 
 76 
 
 64 
 
 12 
 
 0.20 
 
 .22 
 
 0.00 
 
 144 
 
 224 
 
 " 15 
 
 49 
 
 36 
 
 9.0 
 
 10 
 
 33 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 2 
 
 0.10 
 
 .14 
 
 0.00 
 
 61 
 
 184 
 
 " 16 
 
 48 
 
 40 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 44 
 
 13 
 
 0.15 
 
 .22 
 
 0.00 
 
 130 
 
 256 
 
 " 17 
 
 49 
 
 40 
 
 14.0 
 
 10 
 
 58 
 
 80 
 
 64 
 
 16 
 
 0.24 
 
 .58 
 
 0.40 
 
 166 
 
 252 
 
 " 18 
 
 47 
 
 42 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 59 
 
 74 
 
 50 
 
 18 
 
 0.10 
 
 .27 
 
 0.08 
 
 150 
 
 240 
 
 " 19 
 
 48 
 
 44 
 
 13.0 
 
 14 
 
 01 
 
 79 
 
 57 
 
 22 
 
 0.10 
 
 .32 
 
 0.00 
 
 138 
 
 232 
 
 " 20 
 
 51 
 
 45 
 
 13.0 
 
 15 
 
 58 
 
 77 
 
 55 
 
 22 
 
 0.15 
 
 .27 
 
 0.00 
 
 152 
 
 236 
 
 " 23 
 
 50 
 
 45 
 
 12.0 
 
 14 
 
 60 
 
 86 
 
 72 
 
 14 
 
 0.60 
 
 .40 
 
 1.90 
 
 112 
 
 424 
 
 " 24 
 
 44 
 
 48 
 
 14.0 
 
 14 
 
 i;.4 
 
 70 
 
 68 
 
 2 
 
 0.45 
 
 .48 
 
 2 90 
 
 148 
 
 372 
 
 " 26 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 8. 6 
 
 15 
 
 37 
 
 70 
 
 59 
 
 11 
 
 0.60 
 
 .19 
 
 0.26 
 
 92 
 
 188 
 
 " 27 
 
 51 
 
 45 
 
 15.0 
 
 18 
 
 67 
 
 130 
 
 98 
 
 32 
 
 0.60 
 
 .00 
 
 0.59 
 
 176 
 
 420 
 
 " 29 
 
 50 
 
 41 
 
 7.4 
 
 17 
 
 ■>o 
 
 58 
 
 50 
 
 8 
 
 0.16 
 
 .51 
 
 3.20 
 
 70 
 
 352 
 
 " 30 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 45 
 43 
 
 18.0 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 68 
 55 
 
 114 
 74 
 
 67 
 
 57 
 
 47 
 17 
 
 0.60 
 0.38 
 
 .60 
 
 .27 
 
 0.20 
 0.51 
 
 176 
 129 
 
 416 
 
 Average . 
 
 12.0 
 
 264 
 
 256 
 
Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 09 
 
 ^ — « ^( 
 QSPh 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 -a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 CI 
 QJ 
 
 tr. 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 as 
 
 §2 
 
 S.S 
 
 w 
 
 I 
 
 
 m 
 
 (3 
 
 d 
 
 >> 
 X 
 
 
 s 
 
 "0 
 
 a 
 
 
 0) 
 
 Q 
 
 to) 
 
 2-" 
 E 
 
 ca tsi 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 "3 
 d 
 
 O 
 
 2 
 '3 
 
 O 
 
 £ i 
 
 01 
 
 QJ 
 
 'C 
 
 .t-J 
 
 
 OJ 
 
 a 
 o 
 > 
 
 X 
 
 Nov. 1 
 
 " 2 
 
 " 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 6 
 
 " 8 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 12 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 20 
 
 " 23 
 
 ■' 24 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 27 
 
 " 29 
 
 " 30 
 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1/0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 1.0 
 
 10.0 
 5.1 
 5.5 
 7 .5 
 7.1 
 6.9 
 3.9 
 5.5 
 5.3 
 4.1 
 7.7 
 5.5 
 3.3 
 6.8 
 6.4 
 5.2 
 6.0 
 4.8 
 5.8 
 5.2 
 2.4 
 4.4 
 2.2 
 8.8 
 
 5.6 
 
 13 
 11 
 9 
 11 
 15 
 11 
 10 
 12 
 10 
 11 
 12 
 12 
 13 
 11 
 11 
 11 
 11 
 11 
 10 
 11 
 11 
 13 
 12 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 0.4 
 0.8 
 1.1 
 0.8 
 0.5 
 0.8 
 1.0 
 2.0 
 0.7 
 0.7 
 0.6 
 0.4 
 0.5 
 1.1 
 1.0 
 1.1 
 0.5 
 0.6 
 0.7 
 0.7 
 0.8 
 0.8 
 0.0 
 0.8 
 
 0.8 
 
 ,2.0 
 2.6 
 2.5 
 2.2 
 2.1 
 1.3 
 2.2 
 0.0 
 2.1 
 2.3 
 2.0 
 2.2 
 3. .5 
 1.3 
 1.6 
 0.3 
 1.5 
 1.5 
 1.6 
 1.8 
 2.8 
 2.0 
 2.9 
 1.9 
 
 2.0 
 
 62 
 31 
 29 
 
 32 
 
 34 
 19 
 27 
 28 
 26 
 28 
 29 
 19 
 26 
 29 
 28 
 33 
 26 
 25 
 27 
 18 
 26 
 19 
 37 
 
 29 
 
 98 
 60 
 56 
 46 
 44 
 36 
 31 
 46 
 30 
 28 
 2.5 
 36 
 34 
 33 
 20 
 34 
 54 
 24 
 32 
 26 
 29 
 28 
 27 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 5S 
 
 36 
 39 
 31 
 26 
 29 
 32 
 30 
 24 
 25 
 31 
 31 
 20 
 24 
 23 
 40 
 22 
 2.0 
 23 
 
 24 
 21 
 
 2T, 
 
 29 
 
 40 
 
 23 
 
 20 
 
 7 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 i 
 
 2 
 11 
 14 
 
 •j 
 
 7 
 'f 
 
 (i 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 ].0 
 
 9 
 
 62 
 31 
 
 29 
 32 
 37 
 34 
 19 
 
 28 
 20 
 28 
 29 
 19 
 .26 
 29 
 28 
 
 'J'f 
 •J -J 
 
 t'l 
 11 
 18 
 26 
 19 
 37 
 
 29 
 
 5.8 
 7.1 
 7.3 
 6.7 
 5.9 
 5.7 
 7.0 
 
 <_;.2 
 5.2 
 4.8 
 5.2 
 
 lA 
 5.8 
 G.l 
 4.9 
 
 r,.l 
 4.1 
 
 6.5 
 5.8 
 4.0 
 6.3 
 %.-, 
 5.4 
 
 5.9 
 
 + 
 
 + 
 + 
 
 5' 
 
 lJ"-2" 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 Average . . 
 
 
 
 
 257 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 CP 
 
 a 
 
 M 
 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 cl 
 to) 
 
 & 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 s 
 
 tt) 
 
 u 
 -t-> 
 
 > 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 t— ) 
 
 c 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 3> S 
 
 ti<1 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 
 E 
 
 m 
 
 (5 
 
 a 
 O 
 
 Dec. 2 
 
 3 
 
 " 4 
 
 " 7 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 11 
 
 ■' 13 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 30 
 
 50 
 49 
 49 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 47 
 49 
 48 
 48 
 47 
 47 
 48 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 40 
 44 
 40 
 41 
 38 
 4 3 
 41 
 41 
 37 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 41 
 39 
 
 14.0 
 16.0 
 17.0 
 14.0 
 15.0 
 11.0 
 7.6 
 12.0 
 16 . 
 17.0 
 IG.O 
 14.11 
 17.0 
 IG.O 
 
 15. 
 
 11.0 
 12.(1 
 11.0 
 
 12 (1 
 
 13 II 
 13.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 14.0 
 16.0 
 15.0 
 17.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 
 13. 
 
 64 
 65 
 63 
 56 
 62 
 58 
 
 53 
 55 
 52 
 59 
 52 
 61 
 60 
 
 57 
 
 67 
 88 
 88 
 90 
 79 
 82 
 61 
 92 
 84 
 105 
 83 
 77 
 81 
 78 
 
 83 
 
 51 
 08 
 66 
 75 
 61 
 64 
 53 
 71 
 60 
 84 
 67 
 75 
 70 
 65 
 
 67 
 
 16 
 20 
 22 
 15 
 18 
 18 
 
 8 
 21 
 24 
 21 
 16 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 13 
 
 16 
 
 0.40 
 0.40 
 0.40 
 0.45 
 0.70 
 0.80 
 0.70 
 0.40 
 0.40 
 0.15 
 0.40 
 0.55 
 0.40 
 0.20 
 
 0.45 
 
 0.90 
 0.60 
 0.90 
 0.75 
 0.10 
 0.00 
 0.2O 
 0.30 
 
 6.50 
 0.45 
 1.00 
 0.20 
 
 0.49 
 
 3.6 
 3.6 
 2.6 
 2.6 
 5.2 
 2.5 
 4.1 
 2.3 
 1.5 
 1.9 
 2.3 
 1.8 
 2.7 
 2.0 
 
 Average . . . . 
 
 2.8 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 Dec. 
 
 2. 
 
 3. 
 
 4. 
 
 7. 
 
 9. 
 11. 
 13. 
 15. 
 17. 
 19. 
 21. 
 26. 
 28. 
 30. 
 
 QSPLh 
 
 1.20 
 
 Average . . 
 
 1.20 
 1 . 20 
 1.20 
 1.20 
 1.20 
 1.20 
 1.20 
 1.20 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 6.6 
 6.2 
 6.2 
 7.6 
 4.4 
 6.4 
 8.2 
 9.9 
 7.5 
 8.4 
 9.5 
 11.0 
 
 7.3 
 
 crt 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 a> 
 
 <D a 
 
 
 i^ a 
 
 
 b:^< 
 
 g 
 
 12.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 13.0 
 15.0 
 15.0 
 14.0 
 12.0 
 
 13. 
 
 0.4 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.5 
 
 0.5 
 
 1.0 
 
 0.5 
 
 0.5 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.8 
 
 0.2 
 
 0.6 
 
 0.9 
 
 0.9 
 
 0.8 
 
 0.63 
 
 1.70 
 0.30 
 0.80 
 70 
 0.30 
 0.40 
 1.40 
 1.60 
 
 1.20 
 
 0. 
 
 0.80 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 0.90 38 
 
 1.1 
 
 32 
 
 a ?, 
 
 hog 
 
 10.0 
 
 III.O 
 
 11.0 
 
 7.9 
 
 11.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 4.6 
 
 9.5 
 
 9.5 
 
 9.7 
 
 7.6 
 
 8.6 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 8 
 
 6.7 
 
 6.3 
 
 5.9 
 
 6.0 
 
 5.2 
 
 7.1 
 
 4.6 
 
 5.0 
 
 5.5 
 
 6.2 
 
 6 
 
 7.1 
 
 5.2 
 
 9.76.1 
 
 5' 
 
 to 
 a 
 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 258 
 
Influent. 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 0) 
 
 B 
 
 to 
 
 3 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 oi 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Date 
 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 
 <D 
 
 
 m 
 
 0) 
 
 3 
 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 1 
 
 o a 
 
 £4 
 
 1 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 ^1 
 
 •a 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 >% 
 
 o 
 
 Jan. 5 
 
 47 
 
 42 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 59 
 
 67 
 
 57 
 
 10 
 
 0.32 
 
 1 .40 
 
 3.9 
 
 " 9 
 
 46 
 
 40 
 
 17 
 
 11 
 
 64 
 
 92 
 
 ■ 77 
 
 15 
 
 0.28 
 
 1.30 
 
 2.4 
 
 " 13 
 
 47 
 
 40 
 
 17 
 
 11 
 
 65 
 
 78 
 
 58 
 
 20 
 
 0.22 
 
 1.30 
 
 2.6 
 
 " 17 
 
 46 
 
 40 
 
 18 
 
 14 
 
 68 
 
 84 
 
 69 
 
 15 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.55 
 
 3.7 
 
 " 21 
 
 ' 47 
 
 42 
 
 21 
 
 10 
 
 79 
 
 87 
 
 69 
 
 18 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.88 
 
 3.0 
 
 " 25 
 
 ■ 45 
 
 41 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 58 
 
 72 
 
 56 
 
 16 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.20 
 
 5.3 
 
 " 31 
 
 ■ 46 
 46 
 
 39 
 41 
 
 12 
 16 
 
 14 
 11 
 
 58 
 64 
 
 76 
 79 
 
 56 
 63 
 
 20 
 16 
 
 0.85 
 0.39 
 
 0.30 
 .99 
 
 4.5 
 
 Average 
 
 3.6 
 
 Effluent. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen. 
 
 1 
 tn 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 
 O o 
 3" 
 
 a.a 
 
 > 
 
 O 
 lA 
 W 
 
 P- 
 
 3 
 4. 
 M 
 >, 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 6.4 
 
 5.6 
 
 5.6 
 
 5.2 
 
 5.5 
 
 5.3 
 
 6.0 
 
 5.6 
 
 s 
 
 * 
 . * 
 
 £ 
 
 O 
 
 5 
 
 _3 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 o 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 
 o a 
 
 CO 
 
 ii 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 a 
 cs 
 
 T3 
 
 1 
 
 ■M Cii 
 
 as 
 
 Jan. 5 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 31 
 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 
 ■ 9.0 
 9.0 
 8.0 
 
 10.0 
 8.2 
 6.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 11.0 
 13.0 
 15.0 
 16.0 
 15.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 
 0.9 
 0.7 
 0.6 
 0.2 
 0.8 
 1.1 
 0.7 
 
 1.20 
 1.40 
 0.80 
 0.42 
 0.70 
 1.50 
 1.10 
 
 31 
 36 
 4|2 
 42 
 42 
 32 
 37 
 
 37 
 
 40 
 59 
 48 
 42 
 35 
 49 
 50 
 
 46 
 
 40 
 47 
 32 
 36 
 32 
 38 
 35 
 
 37 
 
 
 12 
 16 
 6 
 3 
 11 
 15 
 
 9 
 
 10.0 
 12.0 
 15.0 
 11.0 
 13.0 
 8.0 
 9.0 
 
 11. 
 
 5' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ! — 
 
 
 Average 
 
 8.6 
 
 13. 
 
 .7 
 
 1.0 
 
 
 ♦Stable on the 24tli and putrescible on 25tli. 
 Putrescible on the 30th and stable on 31st. 
 
 17 
 
 259 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 in 
 
 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 DQ 
 
 
 
 
 
 oS 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 Date 
 
 3 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 o 
 a 1 
 
 la 
 
 "3 
 
 0) 
 
 r3 
 
 01 
 
 
 01 
 
 s 
 
 to 
 
 
 d 
 1— 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 &<i 
 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 o 
 
 Feb. 5 
 
 46 
 
 43 
 
 18 
 
 11.0. 
 
 76 
 
 90 
 
 70 
 
 20 
 
 0.18 
 
 1.40 
 
 1.70 
 
 " 9.... 
 
 47 
 
 41 
 
 20 
 
 9.0 
 
 74 
 
 95 
 
 71 
 
 24 
 
 0.15 
 
 1.70 
 
 2.80 
 
 " 13 
 
 47 
 
 42 
 
 18 
 
 11.0 
 
 79 
 
 88 
 
 77 
 
 11 
 
 0.25 
 
 1.40 
 
 3.50 
 
 " 17 
 
 46 
 
 40 
 
 16 
 
 8.7 
 
 67 
 
 57 
 
 52 
 
 5 
 
 0.30 
 
 1.40 
 
 4.20 
 
 ■■ 21 
 
 41 
 
 38 
 
 6 
 
 6.0 
 
 24 
 
 66 
 
 66 
 
 
 
 0.25 
 
 2.60 
 
 8.70 
 
 Average . . 
 
 45 
 
 41 
 
 16 
 
 9.1 
 
 64 
 
 79 
 
 67 
 
 12 
 
 .23 
 
 1.70 
 
 4.2 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 •a 
 
 a 
 
 m 
 
 Suspended 
 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 
 •a 
 
 > 
 
 >• 
 
 
 bo 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a> 
 
 1909 
 
 Srt 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 0^ 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 fc 
 
 
 
 .SOg 
 
 
 CG 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 
 U o 
 
 W 
 
 .o 
 
 
 fe^ 
 
 Date 
 
 ^ d '^ 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 
 rt 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 3'-J 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 v,4S 
 
 
 >.°< 
 
 S 
 
 a. rt 
 
 4-) 
 
 d 
 
 0) 
 
 "3 
 
 Vj 
 
 ■o 
 
 0^ ..; 
 
 (1) 
 (in 
 
 OJ 
 
 •^ 
 
 Oh 
 0) 
 
 
 n!2 1' 
 
 ^ 
 
 SS 
 
 
 u 
 
 ■4-i 
 
 & 
 
 " 
 
 K 
 
 
 & 
 
 
 Pi 
 
 
 
 Qgfc 
 
 O 
 
 l^< 
 
 2; 
 
 g 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 b 
 
 O U3 
 
 O 
 
 C4 
 
 Q 
 
 mS 
 
 Feb. 5 
 
 1.2 
 
 8.7 
 
 15.0 
 
 .60 
 
 0.70 
 
 40 
 
 71 
 
 54 
 
 17 
 
 15.0 
 
 3.7 
 
 _ 
 
 5' 
 
 lJ"-2" 
 
 " 9 
 
 1.2 
 
 8.2 
 
 13.0 
 
 .70 
 
 1.20 
 
 42 
 
 47 
 
 39 
 
 8 
 
 12.0 
 
 3.3 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 " 13 
 
 1.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 .60 
 
 0.90 
 
 44 
 
 49 
 
 36 
 
 13 
 
 13.0 
 
 4.9 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 1.2 
 
 7.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 .80 
 
 0.90 
 
 37 
 
 35 
 
 35 
 
 
 
 11 .0 
 
 5.6 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 '■ 21 
 
 1.2 
 
 5.1 
 
 5.7 
 
 .80 
 
 1.90 
 
 18 
 
 40 
 
 37 
 
 3 
 
 4.1 
 
 8.3 
 
 + 
 
 •• 
 
 
 Average . . . . 
 
 
 7.8 
 
 12. 
 
 .70 
 
 1.1 
 
 36 
 
 48 
 
 40 
 
 8 
 
 11.0 
 
 5.2 
 
 
 
 
 260 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 w 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 
 rs 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 » 
 
 
 
 
 
 C3 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 
 "3 
 
 o 
 
 
 rt 
 
 a> 
 
 3 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 ■5 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 ^^1 
 
 O 
 
 § 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 Z 
 
 ■y. 
 
 Mch. 2 
 
 45 
 
 40 
 
 17 
 
 9.3 
 
 64 
 
 96 
 
 72 
 
 24 
 
 0.20 
 
 1.9 
 
 4.2 
 
 " 6 
 
 44 
 
 38 
 
 17 
 
 12.0 
 
 62 
 
 84 
 
 58 
 
 26 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.5 
 
 3.8 
 
 " 10 
 
 45 
 
 41 
 
 19 
 
 11.0 
 
 62 
 
 82 
 
 58 
 
 24 
 
 0.90 
 
 1.2 
 
 3.7 
 
 •■ 14 
 
 44 
 
 40 
 
 11 
 
 14.0 
 
 46 
 
 106 
 
 68 
 
 38 
 
 . 35 
 
 1.4 
 
 4.8 
 
 " 18 
 
 45 
 
 37 
 
 18 
 
 11.0 
 
 60 
 
 86 
 
 62 
 
 24 
 
 0.40 
 
 1.8 
 
 4.3 
 
 ■• 22 
 
 43 
 
 38 
 
 13 
 
 12.0 
 
 51 
 
 76 
 
 52 
 
 24 
 
 0.15 
 
 1.9 
 
 5.9 
 
 " 26 
 
 43 
 
 39 
 
 13 
 
 12.0 
 
 52 
 
 71 
 
 60 
 
 11 
 
 0.30 
 
 2.4 
 
 4.9 
 
 " 30 
 
 43 
 
 40 
 
 13 
 
 9.0 
 
 58 
 
 118 
 
 80 
 
 38 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.6 
 
 5.3 
 
 Average 
 
 44 
 
 39 
 
 15 
 
 11. 
 
 57 
 
 90 
 
 64 
 
 2G 
 
 .44 
 
 1.6 
 
 4.6 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 Daily Yield in 
 Million Gallons 
 Per Acre 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 -a 
 
 CD 
 
 s 
 
 
 Q 
 
 (D 
 
 >. 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 ■a 
 
 CD -M 
 
 as 
 10 
 
 ■3 
 
 CD 
 > 
 
 
 m 
 
 Q 
 c 
 
 CD 
 til 
 >> 
 X 
 
 6.9 
 6.5 
 5.3 
 6.5 
 6.6 
 7.7 
 6.7 
 6.7 
 
 S 
 
 CD 
 
 3 
 PU 
 
 * 
 
 u 
 
 <D 
 
 -M 
 
 
 
 5 
 p. 
 
 5' 
 
 c 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 0) S 
 
 0) 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 i 
 
 "3 
 
 H 
 
 
 I 
 
 ■d 
 
 b 
 S3^ 
 
 Mch. 2 
 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 1.2 
 
 lA 
 7.0 
 7.8 
 5.2 
 8.6 
 6.2 
 5.0 
 5.0 
 
 6.5 
 
 11 
 15 
 15 
 14 
 13 
 13 
 10 
 10 
 
 13 
 
 0.9 
 0.8 
 0.6 
 0.9 
 0.8 
 0.8 
 0.9 
 1.6 
 
 .9 
 
 0.6 
 0.4 
 0.7 
 0.8 
 1.0 
 2.4 
 1.2 
 0.5 
 
 1.0 
 
 31 
 38 
 34 
 25 
 36 
 27 
 25 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 49 
 51 
 50 
 42 
 49 
 40 
 33 
 61 
 
 47 
 
 35 
 41 
 35 
 27 
 39 
 32 
 27 
 48 
 
 36 
 
 14 
 10 
 15 
 15 
 10 
 8 
 6 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 8.7 
 12.0 
 10.0 
 
 6.8 
 8.7 
 6.6 
 7.8 
 8.6 
 
 li''-2" 
 
 
 ■ 10 
 
 ' 14 
 
 ' 18 
 
 ' 22 
 
 ' 26 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 Average. . 
 
 8.6 
 
 6.6 
 
 
 
 
 *Stable on 21st and putrescible on 22d. 
 
 261 
 
Influent 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■73 
 
 E 
 
 W 
 
 c 
 o 
 O 
 PI 
 a) 
 
 O 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 
 CO 
 
 1 
 
 g 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 a> B 
 
 £ a 
 
 o 
 
 I 
 
 -a 
 
 Q) 
 X 
 
 CO 
 
 i3 
 
 O 
 
 April 3 
 
 " 7 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 15 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 27 
 
 43 
 44 
 43 
 45 
 45 
 47 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 42 
 46 
 39 
 44 
 48 
 47 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 8.3 
 7.4 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 14.0 
 19.0 
 21.0 
 
 13. 
 
 9.7 
 9.0 
 9.0 
 6.7 
 
 10.0 
 9.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 9.1 
 
 48 
 38 
 40 
 43 
 48 
 57 
 62 
 
 48 
 
 76 
 58 
 72 
 76 
 76 
 102 
 102 
 
 80 
 
 58 
 44 
 64 
 60 
 62 
 34 
 74 
 
 56 
 
 18 
 14 
 8 
 16 
 14 
 68 
 28 
 
 ,24 
 
 1.80 
 1.00 
 1.30 
 1.60 
 0.20 
 0.25 
 0.30 
 
 0.92 
 
 ,0.00 
 1.10 
 1.30 
 0.90 
 2.60 
 2.30 
 2.30 
 
 1.5 
 
 1.6 
 4.5 
 7.8 
 5.4 
 3.4 
 2.7 
 5.7 
 
 Average. . 
 
 4.4 
 
 Note — Each sample covers 48 hours. 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T3 
 
 Suspended 
 
 "^ ^ 
 
 "O' 
 
 
 
 Ul 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 a 
 
 Matter 
 
 R« 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 ■ ™ 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 CQ 
 
 
 31^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 Im 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 25 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 o 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 CIS 
 
 Xtl 
 
 s 
 
 fc 
 
 
 Date 
 
 
 o 
 
 .2 
 "3 
 
 CO 
 
 V 
 
 CO 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 a 
 
 '3 
 
 O 
 
 '^■3 
 ■"•S 
 
 
 Daily 
 MillJo 
 Per A 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 
 
 cil 
 
 2 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 "3 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 
 X 
 
 E 
 
 &.5 
 
 HI 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 o. 
 
 O E 
 
 a; .u 
 N cd 
 
 April 3 
 
 1.2 
 
 4.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 1.4 
 
 0.2 
 
 23 
 
 35 
 
 29 
 
 6 
 
 7.8 
 
 5.0 
 
 * 
 
 5' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 " 7 
 
 1.2 
 
 3.9 
 
 8.3 
 
 1.4 
 
 0.6 
 
 22 
 
 27 
 
 25 
 
 2 
 
 4.5 
 
 6.3 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 " 11 
 
 1.2 
 
 5.8 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 0.6 
 
 23 
 
 38 
 
 34 
 
 4 
 
 5.6 
 
 ,8.6 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 " 15 
 
 1.2 
 
 6.2 
 
 6.7 
 
 1.6 
 
 0.8 
 
 23 
 
 41 
 
 32 
 
 9 
 
 5.0 
 
 5.2 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 ■■ 19 
 
 1.2 
 
 6.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 2.1 
 
 24 
 
 40 
 
 37 
 
 3 
 
 6.0 
 
 4.6 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 " 23 
 
 1.2 
 
 9.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.2 
 
 1.7 
 
 33 
 
 58 
 
 45 
 
 13 
 
 9.6 
 
 4.8 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 " 27 
 
 1.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.2 
 1.4 
 
 1.5. 
 1.1 
 
 34 
 26 
 
 53 
 42 
 
 41 
 35 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 9.5 
 6.8 
 
 6.8 
 5.9 
 
 
 
 
 
 ~ 
 
 . 
 
 Average . . 
 
 6.8 
 
 9.4 
 
 
 ♦Unstable on 2nd and stable on 3rd. 
 Unstable on 10th and stable on 11th. 
 Unstable on 14th and stable on 15th. 
 Each sample in above table covers 48 hours. 
 
 262 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. P. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 <i> 
 
 a ■ 
 
 3 
 
 CQ 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 Q 
 
 d 
 
 <D 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 m 
 
 B 
 
 1 
 
 ■d 
 
 0) 
 
 > 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 -t-> 
 
 a 
 <v 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 "a 
 O 
 
 .3 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 © a 
 £ a 
 
 13 
 
 — 
 1 
 
 •a 
 
 s, 
 
 m 
 
 5 
 
 d 
 & 
 
 O 
 
 May 1 
 
 " 5 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 28 
 
 47 
 48 
 50 
 51 
 52 
 53 
 54 
 56 
 
 51 
 
 43 
 43 
 '55 
 53 
 54 
 54 
 54 
 58 
 
 52 
 
 12 
 21 
 14 
 21 
 10 
 18 
 18 
 21 
 
 17 
 
 11.0 
 9.0 
 
 12.0 
 9.0 
 
 12.0 
 9.7 
 
 13.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 11. 
 
 50 
 58 
 44 
 57 
 41 
 58 
 62 
 48 
 
 52 
 
 114 
 92 
 100 
 106 
 90 
 118 
 102 
 112 
 
 104 
 
 66 
 64 
 82 
 76 
 54 
 78 
 74 
 66 
 
 70 
 
 48 
 28 
 18 
 30 
 36 
 40 
 28 
 46 
 
 34 
 
 2.40 
 0.30. 
 1.40 
 0.35 
 1.00 
 1.10 
 1.80 
 1.80 
 
 1.3 
 
 0.0 
 
 2.1 
 
 0.2 
 
 2.6 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.2i 
 
 0.1 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.1 
 
 5.6 
 3.0 
 
 4.2 
 
 3.5 
 
 5.2 
 
 2.2 
 
 0.48 
 
 1.8 
 
 Average . 
 
 3.3 
 
 Effluent 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parts 
 
 per 
 
 Million 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■3 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 CQ 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 0) 
 bH 
 >. 
 X 
 O 
 
 ll 
 
 m 
 
 o ^ 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 •3 
 (V 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 m 
 m 
 
 s 
 
 3 
 
 !D 
 
 M 
 >. 
 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 m 
 
 01 
 
 u 
 3 
 
 m 
 fa 
 
 O 
 
 .3 
 
 QC 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 •a 
 
 O 
 
 'S 
 o 
 
 <!} a 
 
 £ a 
 
 
 CO 
 as 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 ■3 
 fa 
 
 fa_ 
 o'E 
 
 May 1 
 
 5 
 
 7.8 
 13.0 
 16.0 
 23.0 
 15.0 
 17.0 
 16.0 
 18.0 
 
 9.0 
 11.0 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 
 9.4 
 11.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 1.2 
 1.8 
 1.0 
 2.4 
 1.8 
 2.0 
 2.0 
 2.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 0.8 
 0.5 
 0.7 
 0.2 
 2.5 
 0.8 
 1.5 
 0.7 
 
 1.0 
 
 29 
 39 
 48 
 64 
 52 
 51 
 45 
 53 
 
 48 
 
 0.8 
 10.0 
 
 9.0 
 19.0 
 11.0 
 15.0 
 12.0 
 11.0 
 
 12. 
 
 73 
 109 
 186 
 280 
 206 
 232 
 172 
 254 
 
 189 
 
 54 
 78 
 135 
 190 
 130 
 164 
 110 
 162 
 
 128 
 
 19 
 
 31 
 51 
 90 
 76 
 68 
 62 
 92 
 
 (it 
 
 4.5 
 4.8 
 3.7 
 4.0 
 5.2 
 5.5 
 4.5 
 4.5 
 
 4 6 
 
 
 5' 
 
 li"-2" 
 
 " 9 
 
 
 
 " 13 
 
 
 
 " 17 
 
 
 
 " 21 
 
 " 25 
 
 " 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 Average.. 
 
 16. 
 
 11. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - on the 30tli April and + May 1st. 
 + on the 16th May and - May 17th. 
 
 263 
 
Influent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Temp. Deg. F. 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 o 
 O 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 o 
 
 Suspended 
 Matter 
 
 m 
 
 'u 
 
 
 ■a 
 > 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 01 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 
 "a 
 
 us 
 
 be 
 O 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 <D a 
 2 a 
 
 "3 
 
 oi 
 "o 
 > 
 
 ■a 
 
 E 
 
 w 
 
 "6 
 
 d 
 
 June 1 
 
 " 5 
 
 9 
 
 " 13 
 
 " 17 
 
 " 22 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 30 
 
 55 
 58 
 
 57 
 57 
 59 
 63 
 62 
 63 
 
 59 
 
 56 
 59 
 58 
 58 
 60 
 64 
 63 
 64 
 
 60 
 
 16.0 
 20.0 
 23.0 
 9.8 
 13.0 
 16.0 
 10.0 
 14.0 
 
 16. 
 
 15 
 17 
 16 
 14 
 18 
 17 
 17 
 20 
 
 17 
 
 59 
 53 
 65 
 42 
 52 
 59 
 56 
 56 
 
 55 
 
 104 
 140 
 124 
 94 
 82 
 110 
 110 
 104 
 
 109 
 
 86 
 90 
 98 
 62 
 62 
 84 
 86 
 86 
 
 82 
 
 18 
 50 
 26 
 32 
 20 
 26 
 24 
 18 
 
 0.45 
 0.00 
 0.55 
 0.05 
 0.05 
 0.10 
 0.03 
 0.06 
 
 0.00 
 0.10 
 0.55 
 0.25 
 0.00 
 0.30 
 0.78 
 0.21 
 
 0.27 
 
 0.9 
 0.3 
 0.3 
 1.5 
 1.0 
 0.4 
 0.0 
 0.0 
 
 Average. . 
 
 27 'o.l6 
 
 0.55 
 
 Effluent 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1909 
 Date 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •a 
 
 Suspended 
 
 "Sti 
 
 •a 
 
 
 
 rt 2 
 
 iNiLrogen 
 
 n 
 
 Matter 
 
 F1» 
 
 > 
 
 
 u 
 
 — o 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 3H 
 
 o 
 
 >. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ally Yield 
 illion Gal 
 er Acre 
 
 •a 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 a) a 
 ?, a 
 
 0) 
 
 
 d 
 o 
 O 
 d 
 
 (U 
 
 >. 
 
 o 
 
 
 -a 
 
 d TJ 
 P 
 
 en 
 
 s 
 
 d 
 
 '.3 
 
 '3 
 « 
 
 0) 
 3 
 
 CM 
 O 
 
 o. 
 
 QSfc 
 
 O 
 
 faO 
 
 g 
 
 iS 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 fe 
 
 O lo 
 
 o 
 
 Il4 
 
 Q 
 
 1.2 
 
 17.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 3.2 
 
 0.0 
 
 55 
 
 234 
 
 170 
 
 04 
 
 14.0 
 
 4.6 
 
 _ 
 
 5' 
 
 1.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 0.1 
 
 0.5 
 
 41 
 
 102 
 
 74 
 
 28 
 
 9.8 
 
 4.1 
 
 _ 
 
 
 1.2 
 
 15.0 
 
 14.0 
 
 0.4 
 
 0.1 
 
 41 
 
 90 
 
 82 
 
 14 
 
 11.0 
 
 3.4 
 
 - 
 
 
 1.2 
 
 7.5 
 
 11.0 
 
 0.8 
 
 1.6 
 
 31 
 
 100 
 
 70 
 
 30 
 
 7.4 
 
 4.1 
 
 + 
 
 
 1.2 
 
 11.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 1.4 
 
 0.7 
 
 39 
 
 110 
 
 76 
 
 34 
 
 8.6 
 
 4.6 
 
 
 
 1.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 8.0 
 
 2.4 
 
 0.5 
 
 34 
 
 104 
 
 70 
 
 34 
 
 8.4 
 
 6.1 
 
 - 
 
 
 1.2 
 
 5.4 
 
 10.0 
 
 2.2 
 
 0.6 
 
 27 
 
 58 
 
 47 
 
 11 
 
 7.2 
 
 2.9 
 
 l 
 
 
 1.2 
 
 4.2 
 
 10.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 0.0 
 
 30 
 
 47 
 
 36 
 
 11 
 
 6.4 
 
 2.7 
 
 
 
 10. 
 
 11. 
 
 1.5 
 
 0.5 
 
 37 
 
 100 
 
 78 
 
 28 
 
 9.2 
 
 4.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 <u 
 
 Oh 
 i2S 
 
 June 1, 
 
 " 5. 
 
 '■ 9. 
 
 " 13. 
 
 " 17. 
 
 " 22. 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 30, 
 
 Average. . 
 
 W 
 
 264 
 
Appendix M. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses oi InL-sesii 
 and Effluent oi Setting Basm N:l !. 
 
a. 
 to 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ja;:>'BM pepnadsng 
 
 T— It— It— 1 1—1 I— li— t i-( tHt— li-(i-HiH 
 
 1 tH 
 1 tH 
 
 Ja;?i3H aiPBioA 
 
 CI ITS cr- 00 T-i Oi t> — CO ic CO oo o:. t- L- o OS -r-j C^. Oi 
 
 T-l .-<.-) T-l ^ 
 
 1 Oi 
 
 paransuoo uaSAxQ 
 
 • 
 
 CtiOOCriOOOO:)OC-3C?:!OT-(tCi-H70lJ3i-Ha5COT— 1 
 C3 TO C"! 1— 1 eg T-H T-H (TCI C-l T— 1 Cvl C] C<] (M ?■] M Cv] tH C^ Cv] 
 
 1 eg 
 
 1 eg 
 
 a 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 
 sajBJ^iN 
 
 <M C-l O 1-1 t- en CO im t- lO T-- M Oi CO i-H T-H I:- C- ro CD 
 
 o 
 
 :-D -r L.- t- -j: -j; -j:5 L- c- o lo -f CT) m ii5 -^ LO t- -^ u5 
 
 sa:|u;iM 
 
 o oooC'eoooooooooooooo 
 ■^-ro^-rci-r-f-cci-^oooQO-p-r-fooO'Tt^M 
 
 I 
 1 c- 
 
 1 • 
 1 1-1 
 
 
 T-(iHTHi-lrHT-li-H.-l,-(i-ICgTHT-((rqMC<lC>qi-H-rHiH 
 
 
 ^^-foc:'t-t:-^oooooot>-*"Ooo^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ocx3GOC--oooooo-ft— ooooot--ir-ir-oooocDt-uo 
 
 c^ 
 
 oiubSjo 
 
 o-^o<rQC:fococ-i-fc\i-oi-iWi-Hc<it-coooir3co 
 
 1 t- 
 1 ■ 
 
 1 iH 
 
 Cl Ol T-H C-] Cl 1— 1 T— 1 I— .— !-- tH Cl rH T-H ^ CO 1— ' O I— 1 C^ 
 
 i 
 
 H 
 2 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 m 
 1^ 
 
 -wnBMPapnadsng 
 
 ,_i .^ ■r-\ T-i THiHT-lTHT-li-HWrHTHrHrH 
 
 1 (M 
 
 1 iH 
 
 .I3};i;i\! si!Ji3[OA 
 
 •JD ■rriOC<lC~t-LOuOlOMOOO::iHcqOT-HCi(M 
 T-H- i-l 1— fi— (i— lrHC<lr-'rHTH 
 
 1 o 
 
 i ^ 
 
 paransuoo usSAxq 
 
 t- O) T-( -^ —■ 00 OS c- t- CO iH -^ c] C-: -f CT. o o iH eg 
 C-] C--I c^^ T-H c-1 rH i-H th iH -T-i cq og c^^i .7-1 c] c-a th c] eg eg 
 
 1 eg 
 
 d 
 
 M) 
 o 
 
 sai^j;TN[ 
 
 03 ■ ■_:^ Oi -^ C-1 O CO CTS 05 t- O -J U3 iH O ai O C^O CO 
 
 1 o 
 1 ■ 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 rH ■ lo --o t- -^ --o •-;:> t- -^ lo ^ -^ ira -^ c- cr> -J c:^ 10 
 
 S9iUMiM 
 
 O ■COC^C^O — — OOOOOOOOOO'O 
 oo ■oo-fr-cco-Tf'-f-^-rrooooc-acg-Tfoiocio 
 
 iH 
 
 
 ^ .^^^^i_(^^^^^:v]01CgO]iHT-HiH-rH 
 
 ■Biuonnny 
 
 I- ■cooscioc-o^oo'+'st^-^ir-c--*^^ 
 
 OS 
 
 ■-^ .oo--DOt:-oou5 0C-i:r-oo^c-t-t>'Oir5cr)(r' 
 
 oiubSjo 
 
 oo •cgoocot-LO'ursooocftt'-T— lursooo-^crjos 
 
 00 
 
 CO ■i-HC3Cgi— 1i-(t— (t-ItHt— IMrHiHi— iCgrHTHiHiH 
 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 z>rHcqco-<^irj':ot>ooaii-icq<ro-<*<irj«jt>oooiO 
 
 — i,_|.p4rHiHT-(iHT-ii-iT— icQcgcgcgiMcgMcgcQco 
 
 a ^ .... . - 
 
 0) 
 
 (1) 
 > 
 
 <! 
 
 
 ■n 
 
 266 
 

 A}![!qpse.qnd 
 
 
 
 
 paAiossja uaSiCxQ 
 
 i-H o tp 00 tH oo o i> ir- o ic r-t t- o OS M o po 05 ^ 00 -t « iH cTv c J 'o cr- 
 ■^ CO i> «D o :^ u:) t> (^ t> o t- 5D 00 CD to <o 1- CD 00 -^" inl u:^ la irp lo io ,rj 
 
 C 1 
 
 
 a35}BMP9P°3<Jsns 
 
 i-IOOOOaiL^iHOOOi'^iat-lAOOCDOOIMOl-t-'-POI-fO I- rH,-(,-< 
 
 ';J 
 
 o 
 
 Mn'en sinBioA 
 
 -^•^OOt~-iniOCCiCOIM?'3UtiC— M-^CDinOQt-OO-fCOOl- CO •^rHm'X) 
 
 s 
 
 1 
 
 paransnoo nsSjixQ 
 
 .-H ro CO -* 00 OS o rH t- lo oi t^ OS oo t- o'a -^15 00 00 <x> c:- -f cr> -^ 00 1- r - o-, 
 
 I^C<Jt— (C^i— 1,— (MOqc''?!— liHrHrHi— ti-HrHi— liHi— 1>— IC-li— IrHi-Hi— (iH'Hi-H 
 
 cr. 
 
 
 2 
 
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Appendix N. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent 
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 (3 
 
 3 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 287 
 
Appendix O. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent 
 and Effluent of Sand Filter No. 1. 
 
it 
 
 £2 
 
 
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 290 
 
Preparatory Treatment Received by Influent Settled Sprinkling Filter Effluent 
 
 from Filters 3 and 4. 
 
 
 »:& 
 
 INFLUENT 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
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 Nitrogen 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 1908 
 
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 4.7 
 
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 13 
 
 24 
 
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 22 
 
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 298 
 
APPENDIX P. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Influent 
 and Effluent of Sand Filter No. 2. 
 
Preparatory Treatment Received by Influent Unsettled Crude Sewage. 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 
 
 Gallons 
 
 of 
 Sewage 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 f^ 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 Applied 
 per Acre 
 
 _o 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 V2 
 
 Of 
 
 m 
 
 a a 
 « 3 
 
 
 
 Dally 
 
 u 
 O 
 
 a> a 
 
 II 
 
 T 
 
 E 
 
 
 OQ 
 
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 Sept.i2 
 
 100,000 
 
 2.1.; 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.2 
 
 3.6 
 
 18.0 
 
 
 
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 0.(J5 
 
 0.35 
 
 0.6 
 
 13.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 
 
 
 ' 16 
 
 
 1.50 
 
 0.22 
 
 0.8 
 
 5.4 
 
 11.0 
 
 
 
 
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 1.10 
 
 2.10 
 
 0.7 
 
 8.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 
 
 
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 " 
 
 1 .50 
 
 2.90 
 
 1.0 
 
 6.5 
 
 11.0 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 
 ' 22 
 
 
 0.84 
 
 1.20 
 
 0.5 
 
 7.8 
 
 9.6 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 
 ' 23 
 
 
 1.00 
 
 1 . 40 
 
 0.6 
 
 8.1 
 
 11.0 
 
 7 
 
 O 
 
 
 ' 25 
 
 
 1.40 
 
 1.60 
 
 0.6 
 
 12.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 
 ■ 26 
 
 
 0.44 
 
 1.60 
 
 0.8 
 
 11.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 
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 1.20 
 
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 0.4 
 
 7.7 
 
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 6 
 
 4 
 
 
 ' 28 
 
 
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 1.30 
 
 0.4 
 
 12.0 
 
 9.1 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 
 ' 29 
 
 
 2.30 
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 1.2 
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 6.7 
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 13.0 
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 7 
 
 9 
 
 A.^ 
 
 rerage .... 
 
 
 7.8 
 
 300 
 
Preparatory Treatment Received by Influent Raw Unsettled Sewage. 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 
 
 Gallons 
 of 
 
 Sewage 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 1908 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 Applied 
 per Acre 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 Daily 
 
 C3 
 bo 
 
 0) a 
 
 £3 
 
 'u 
 
 
 M 03 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 fe<! 
 
 z 
 
 ^ 
 
 oo 
 
 Oct. 1 
 
 100,000 
 
 
 
 1.00 
 
 17.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 
 ' 2 
 
 
 0.84 
 
 6.80 
 
 2.40 
 
 16.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 
 ' 4 
 
 
 0.94 
 
 0.50 
 
 2.00 
 
 18.0 
 
 19.0 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 0.55 
 
 0.45 
 
 2.40 
 
 23.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 
 8-. 
 
 
 2.80 
 
 0.80 
 
 1.00 
 
 18.0 
 
 17.0 
 
 
 ' 9 
 
 
 0.G2 
 
 0.70 
 
 1.00 
 
 28.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 
 ' 10 
 
 
 1.20 
 
 1.90 
 
 1.60 
 
 22.0 
 
 18.0 
 
 
 ' 11 
 
 
 0.82 
 
 1.70 
 
 2.80 
 
 35.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 
 ' 13 . 
 
 
 1.90 
 
 0.70 
 
 1.80 
 
 36.0 
 
 12.0 
 
 
 ' 15 
 
 
 0.74 
 
 0.40 
 
 0.80 
 
 30.0 
 
 11.0 
 
 
 ■ 16 
 
 
 0.43 
 
 0.20 
 
 0.20 
 
 37.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 
 '17.. 
 
 
 0.12 
 
 1.00 
 
 0.02 
 
 33.0 
 
 9.0 
 
 
 ' 19 
 
 
 1.00 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.60 
 
 34.0 
 
 7.0 
 
 
 ' 20 
 
 
 1.80 
 
 0.70 
 
 0.60 
 
 18.0 
 
 15.0 
 
 
 25 
 
 
 1.00 
 1.05 
 
 0.10 
 0.76 
 
 0.60 
 1.25 
 
 31.0 
 26.0 
 
 10.0 
 
 Average . . 
 
 13.0. 
 
 301 
 
Preparatory Treatment Received by Influent Unsettled Crude Sewage. 
 
 
 cj: m 
 « i-, 
 >, o 
 
 ^ <1 
 in t- 
 
 ei-i Q^ 
 
 o E. 
 
 
 INFLUENT 
 
 
 
 EFFLUENT 
 
 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 1908 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 if 
 
 s 
 
 'A 
 
 O 
 
 Nitrogen 
 
 
 Date 
 
 o 
 
 '5 
 
 O 
 
 2 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 CD a 
 
 £ S 
 
 o' 
 
 (3J 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 o a 
 <" a 
 
 2 
 
 cti 
 g 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 a 
 <v 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 Nov. 4 
 
 100,000 
 
 .... 
 
 
 
 2.4 
 
 2 7 
 
 (1 . 50 
 
 10.0 
 
 19 
 
 " 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (1 
 
 . 40 
 
 12.0 
 
 31 
 
 " 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .:. n 
 
 7 
 
 U 
 
 2.41) 
 
 19.0 
 
 14 
 
 " 15 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 55 
 
 0.7 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 0.20 
 
 7.6 
 
 11 
 
 " 17 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 ■>o 
 
 114 
 
 1.3 
 
 3 
 
 i 
 
 . 40 
 
 25.0 
 
 11 
 
 " 19 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 115 
 
 7 . It 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 0.71) 
 
 37.0 
 
 12 
 
 " 23 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 II 
 
 19 
 
 i:!i) 
 
 11.52 
 
 5 
 
 (J 
 
 1.10 
 
 40.0 
 
 13 
 
 " 29 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 - 
 
 24 
 
 52 
 
 11.90 
 
 
 
 ■J 
 
 0.40 
 
 44.0 
 
 10 
 
 Average .... 
 
 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 y:'i 
 
 o '-) 
 
 4 
 
 I 
 
 0.70 
 
 20.0 
 
 15 
 
 302 
 
o 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 Aiipiqanj. 
 
 .v»ipjqjnj pi'ii: 
 JOlooniSiiss 
 
 i 
 
 pemnsnoo 
 nag.vxo 
 
 --"-^ , ~ 
 
 
 S9ii:.U!X 
 
 ^ :-3 rl r-^ ri ^J 
 
 
 1 
 
 Binoiuiuv 
 
 = rr -_ = r- - 
 
 omBgjo 
 
 H [t 5 .3 - - 
 
 sajBjjix 
 
 sajijjix 
 
 ~ ~ r- \ ca 
 
 
 painnsuoo uaS.<xo 
 
 Biaouimv 
 
 om-BSJO 
 
 — L.O -.^ CO ~ ! 00 
 
 •Ajrea ajov .lacl P9![fl 5 H § S § 
 -dV aSBAvas JO sti^o 5 o = ^ 5 
 
 
 303 
 

 
 rid 
 
 Surface 
 
 raked or.ce 
 
 during 
 
 month. 
 
 Z 
 H 
 
 Eq 
 
 j^^niqjsssjijnj 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 g 
 
 psiunsnoo naSAXQ 
 
 Cvl lO O^ t- 1 Z^ 
 iH tH ^ i-H 1 ^ 
 
 M 
 o 
 
 2 
 
 S3513J;t^ 
 
 CO '^ Oi 00 1 i-H 
 ^ C^q T^ tH 1 W 
 
 S81tj;iN 
 
 0.2(1 
 0.10 
 . 20 
 0.1(1 
 
 uo 
 
 T-H 
 
 ■Einouimv 
 
 7.0 
 2.(1 
 0.4 
 9.0 
 
 G.l 
 
 OIllB.g.IO 
 
 c/o o -t^ ::: 1 uo 
 ■^ lo -^ c--. 1 Ol 
 
 joioo 
 
 P3J0[00 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 i 
 
 ■4-> 
 U 
 
 nj 
 Ph 
 
 peuinsuoo neSAxQ 
 
 lO o oi 00 i u::; 
 
 >-i T'O C-^ i-H 1 C^J 
 
 tH tM ^ iH 1 ^ 
 
 a 
 
 W) 
 
 g 
 
 -1-1 
 
 2 
 
 ■Binoarniv 
 
 19.0 
 14.0 
 14.0 
 11.0 
 
 15. 
 
 0IUT3.SJ0 
 
 lO C^ t- CO C^ 
 
 CO ir: '^ oo -^ 
 
 ■jfirea 9-iov .wcI pand 
 -dy aSBAiag Jo 'SiBO 
 
 o 
 o 
 o 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 5 
 a 
 
 uo cq Ci CD 
 ,H .-1 IM 
 
 R ■ . 
 a! : - 
 
 0) 
 
 > 
 
 304 
 

 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 o « „• 
 
 C3 
 
 inches 
 
 remove 
 
 surface 
 
 s 
 
 0) 
 
 m 
 
 o-^S 
 
 
 t^° 
 
 
 H m "^ 
 
 
 X5!nqios9j}nd 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 paransnoo ueS^^xo 
 
 ^tl -^^ urti t- t- 1 00 
 
 CSI ,-1 T-l ,-H ,-H 1 rH 
 
 H 
 
 cl 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O .H CC OO C 1 
 
 H 
 
 — 
 
 
 BSJBJJTN 
 
 ^ t tH Er- Tf — 
 
 R 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 1— ( C<1 rH i-H M IM 
 
 s! 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tt, 
 
 
 
 
 O O O ■— O OO 
 
 65 
 
 ' ' 
 
 
 ssi!.niiv 
 
 i-H Oi CVJ Cl lO C^ 
 
 
 -2i 
 
 bi3 
 
 
 O _ '^ w ■_. 
 
 
 CTj 
 
 O 
 f-, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 g 
 
 ■Binomniv 
 
 93JJ 
 
 10.1) 
 G.O 
 G.O 
 8.3 
 5.0 
 
 7.1 
 
 
 ^ OO CT LO ■— . Cl 
 
 
 
 
 omBS.in 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 -^ CO 00 LO Tp 
 
 
 ^, 
 
 psransuoo usS^xQ 
 
 -fH CO CO en — cq 
 
 rH i-i ,H w rH 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 c- 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 Binorarav 
 
 o o o o - 
 
 ;_ 
 
 c! 
 
 aaj^a 
 
 :ri CO Tti (M .-i ct 
 
 tH tH iH iH tH 1— I 
 
 , 1 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 02 
 
 
 
 
 1 — ' 
 
 i^ 
 
 2; 
 
 
 O C O' * o 
 
 
 PLh 
 
 
 oimjSJO 
 
 X> CO -rt^ CO Oi 1-1 
 '^ CO CO C<] rH CO 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 r> 
 
 
 
 ■XlIBQ 3J0V •I9<I PSTJCl 
 
 z> 
 
 
 
 -Cly 9SBA19g JO 'si^o 
 
 D 
 
 
 
 
 -( 
 
 a> a) ■ 
 
 
 
 
 O ■" 
 
 S- O C- CO CO 
 
 bjD 
 
 05 rt 
 
 
 rf 
 
 ^ Q 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t> 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 Cl 
 
 <3 
 
 1 
 
 305 
 
APPENDIX 0. 
 
 Results of Chemical Analyses of Station Sewage 
 
 Samples Taken in Proportion to the 
 Flow^, and Samples taken throughout the Day. 
 
 20 
 

 
 SiB^ 
 
 o -O -O -O -O -O -3 -o • • 
 
 
 
 I- ■ -r • -r . 'T. ■ j-t • t- -TO • cq ■ ■ 
 
 CC ■ TT . C-l ■ I- ■ ~r • ^ - ut -in ■ ■ 
 
 'S 
 
 
 PPV omoqjBO 
 
 t- CO o CO -t- ?■: cc w l:: -^ w Cj c^i c^ o oo rf 
 
 1 t-It— ^ 1 ^^1^^ 1 ,-i 1 ^cOrCCNrH 
 
 111 111 1 1 1 1 I 
 
 Csl 
 
 I-l 
 
 1 
 
 
 psAiossia: ueSXxQ 
 
 ~oot — f-j^-^cicic; oo-Tt^oocrifncD 
 
 IC 
 
 
 OTliHOC-lLOi— '1— II— li— 'OCfOi— IC^OiH 
 
 iH 
 
 
 S-oo 
 
 •BO JO SUU8X 
 
 ooqc^LQcot-"— ii— ioi:Dt--^ootMooiO 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 1 1-1 
 
 1 cq 
 
 
 T3 
 
 paxi^ 
 
 ri CI -r -j:; c^ -M ^ o oo o o o fM o o 00 CD 
 
 1—1 eg T— I ^ ,H rH 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 
 8IPBI0A 
 
 ri't^-j:>-f(MCDOOOOOOOO':tHCDOO-t^^ 
 C-3 70 '^ C-3 LO oo I— 1 00 tr^ CO CO O CO t— LTD -ti OJ 
 rH ,— ( -— I I— 1 1— 1 C-1 C^ I— t CI iH C-1 T-( ca C-] C-J rH 
 
 00 
 
 1H 
 
 
 mo± 
 
 -M -^ o o '^ oo :J5 O' O O 00 O CC -O 00 M o 
 -o CO rt CJ5 CO oo CI c; t— CO lo CO ■* ro w 0:1 ii5 
 — 1— icitHM co-t'ciroi-HcgiH-f'^cocq 
 
 
 
 
 auuomo 
 
 X)-^oo:ooo--D-^X)oooo--DOoocc>-fooo 
 L.O ■,j> lC' tr: uD LiO a: 1-H 00 cJi f '^^ ^D -j:; CO 00 
 
 ■-— "rHr-li— It— 1 ,— (CIt— liH t-A t_|tHtHt-( 
 
 CO 
 iH 
 
 
 ■a 
 O o 
 
 pepnadsng 
 
 OClOOOOO-rHCrsOOSlOUiiHOOOCOCO 
 
 '^-r-t^coco(N^-fH^^xf^cq-^colO^Tt^^ 
 
 § 
 
 _o 
 
 s 
 
 QJ 
 
 paA{OSSlQ 
 
 -f^-r'-f-t-OOO-f^criMCO-f^ClcO'TtHOCOlr- 
 
 
 I^'JOX 
 
 -Tf^ -t^ GO 'X) i-O 00 (M CI OS t- '^ -t- 00 CQ 
 
 00 
 
 m 
 
 0) 
 W) 
 
 o 
 
 e9}Bj,itN 
 
 0^ w ■ ■ ■ uO Cr O' O' 10 LD LO 
 c: ^D ■ ■ ■ i-o 1— ' CI Ci -f 00 1^ 1— 1 CO rp 
 
 00 
 
 rHC' ■ ■ -Ot-It— (OC' 00 OrHi— It—It— 1 
 
 
 
 
 sa^u-jiN 
 
 0000 i.O — UO — ■ lT: LO LO U5 
 CI CO -f CO C I—I CI CO CO T— 1 ■* T— I CO CO CO M 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 — ■ 0OC:OOO0OOOOOO0OO 
 
 N 
 
 
 ■BiuomxuY 
 
 00=000000000=0000 
 
 
 
 
 .— i-r-fLOLOLOTfcai— I'^Lomt^i— logi— (CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 bo 
 
 o 
 
 pspuadsng 
 
 =■ C' O' C- O' C' CO 00 
 
 -Tt< 
 
 
 c- c: 1— 1 LO 00 CO j-j -^ --^^ CO -^ 1— I CO irti iM c7i 
 
 rH I— I iH iH 1— 1 tH 
 
 00 
 
 
 paApssiQ 
 
 = c -ooocooo-^rocgoooo 
 
 
 
 
 CI 1-1 tH CO T-l t- LO C-: -^^ CO ^ Ol ^ LO 00 CO 
 1— li— ItHt— (1— I T-IC<1.— 1 iH 1— IrHi— (tH 
 
 3 
 
 
 I^^ox 
 
 oc ooc ooeoeooooooo 
 
 
 050iMooaiO'^<:Daiair-(mfooiuDou^ 
 
 iHMCSJiHiHiHcqM-rHrHiHCqWCOegCOCa 
 
 
 
 
 \I 
 
 ■Saa duiej. 
 
 oto-^c^cnoot-ooooooooc-oocooooooooo 
 
 00 
 
 
 oo 
 o 
 
 as 
 
 0^ 
 
 
 
 
 mcot-oooioi-icgooTtiiococ-oooio^ 
 
 iHTHi-liHTHCNlCMcqcicvjCqc^CClC^C^COCO 
 
 ci 
 
 q' " " " " " ' ' ' ' 
 
 a) 
 > 
 
 < 
 
 308 
 

 
 PPV omoqjBO 
 
 t- t- ;r- ^^ ^ !:d t- ^^ c^ oc 10 10 >j^ LO c- 
 
 'II' III 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 rH 
 1 
 
 
 E oo i;3 JO snuax 
 ui jCimiiB^lV 
 
 
 
 •o 
 
 IB 
 
 paxt^ 
 
 1-1 r-l ^ rH W ^^J !M iH 
 
 
 aiUBiOA 
 
 
 
 li^ioj. 
 
 rt L-: 7t --i: ^q i-i j^ t- la or M t- 00 <X' us CD 0:1 co 
 rj:vi^'Mrq.-Hrt'"*c<'sroMDOrHtDLOTfC<i co 
 
 
 aui.ioitio 
 
 30c^];^cq-:^'OOc^':D'THl^Doooor^oO'*o^ (M 
 30j;:;rast-iOT-iroi-(050LoiooooaiO t- 
 
 rt 
 
 bug 
 
 
 
 
 papnacfsng 
 
 
 2 
 
 POAIOSSIQ 
 
 W^L^OlrtOOOC£>OOli:SOrH'«t*CO':t<00(M 1 OS 
 
 ioinir3L.-"*rH*oir3iO"^C''^ir3<MmcDU5?o I "* 
 
 mox 
 
 30r-:ooc^'*iri(MCO<M«?ooai'MT-iooWTH 
 
 rH tH iH iH rH 1-t tH 
 
 Oi 
 
 cr> 
 
 OS 
 O 
 
 
 g 
 
 B9:»BJ}IN 
 
 oo ■ • •Omu^OmiOOO'OOOO 
 
 
 ^^ . . .OiHi-IOOOOOrHi-tTHrH 
 
 
 sa;u^!N 
 
 oooLHiOOutjLOOLnuraoooooo 
 -TfcoMcsiTt^T-i'r^tMfOOMThco-^-^cocq 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 
 ooooooooooooooooo 
 
 
 -BlUOUilUV 
 
 (MMiHC<I'Nll>''*(MiHGO'-+''^00COCOThCO 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 p9pn9(Jsns 
 
 OOOOOCOOOOOfMOOOOOO I 
 
 a^(r^t>^oor^^oocTiaiooo<:Dt-;toMcq i o 
 
 ^ -rH rHiH rH THr-d-l-HlT-l 
 
 
 paAtossKI 
 
 OOOOO^OOOOCOOOOOOO 
 
 CO^int^uJoOC-^CDOTHLOCftaiCSCOOOOO 
 ^ ^ T-( tH iH T-l tH iH rH iH rH tH rH rH 
 
 rH 
 
 
 moi 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 MG^-MWMrHOqiMCqCvIrHCqrHrOrOCOCO 
 
 
 
 1908 
 Date 
 
 inCDt-^OOOSOrHNCO'.ifirDCClt-QO^OT-J 
 t3S^^rHN(M(MC<ItqM(?qMNC<>MCO 
 
 ci 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 
 Q 
 
 309 
 
Appendix R. 
 
 Daily Temperatures of Station Sewage 
 and Various Effluents. 
 
Table Showing Range of Temperature in Crude Sewage 
 Preparatory Tanks and Filtering Devices during the Winter. 
 
 Date 
 1908 
 
 Dec. 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18.... 
 
 19 
 
 20.... 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 23.... 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28.... 
 29.... 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 Average . 
 
 3 ^ 
 
 ^1 a) 
 Pro 
 
 56 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 47 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 47 
 47 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 47 
 47 
 48 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 46 
 47 
 
 I 48 
 47 
 
 ',47 
 
 48 
 
 'S^ 
 
 S^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ez 
 
 E^ 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 4G 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 4G 
 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 46 
 47 
 47 
 46 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 44 
 45 
 46 
 44 
 44 
 46 
 46 
 45 
 45 
 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 Ez 
 
 36 
 37 
 40 
 
 44 
 40 
 41 
 38 
 43 
 41 
 41 
 
 r-i 
 
 C\l 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 bog 
 
 buZ 
 
 a 
 mm 
 
 
 37 
 41 
 
 39 
 
 50 
 
 48 
 
 40 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 48 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 46 
 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 44 
 41 
 39 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 44 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 45 
 44 
 41 
 
 42 
 40 
 43 
 
 42 
 
 mZ 
 
 4o 
 
 40 
 
 43 
 
 4l 
 
 4l 
 
 312 
 
Table Showing Range of Temperature in Crude Sewage 
 Preparatory Tanks and Filtering Devices during the Winter. 
 
 Date 
 1909 
 
 Jan. 1 . . 
 
 2.. 
 
 3.. 
 
 4.. 
 
 5.. 
 
 6.. 
 
 7.. 
 
 8.. 
 
 9.. 
 10.. 
 11.. 
 12.. 
 13.. 
 14.. 
 15.. 
 16.. 
 17.. 
 18.. 
 19.. 
 20.. 
 21.. 
 22.. 
 23.. 
 24.. 
 25.. 
 26.. 
 27.. 
 28.. 
 29.. 
 30.. 
 31.. 
 
 Average. 
 
 a) 
 
 3 ^ 
 002 
 
 48 
 45 
 48 
 48 
 47 
 46 
 46 
 47 
 45 
 47 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 48 
 47 
 46 
 47 
 46 
 47 
 47 
 47 
 47 
 45 
 46 
 46 
 47 
 
 47 
 45 
 
 47 
 
 
 47 
 45 
 46 
 47 
 46 
 45 
 45 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 47 
 48 
 47 
 47 
 45 
 46 
 46 
 47 
 47 
 48 
 47 
 40 
 45 
 46 
 47 
 
 46 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 :;3 o 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44- 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 :;: o 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 E^ 
 
 45 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 El 
 
 42 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 41 
 
 39 
 
 41 
 
 com 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 IM 
 
 d 
 
 buZ 
 
 a 
 
 ■^ « 
 
 ti m 
 
 <D cd 
 
 mm 
 
 43 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 0312; 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 313 
 
Table Showing Range of Temperatures in Crude Sewage, 
 Preparatory Tanksand Filtering Devices during the Winter 
 
 Date 
 1909 
 
 Feb. 1.. 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10.... 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 26.... 
 
 27 
 
 28.... 
 
 Average. 
 
 ^ 3 
 0) t- 
 020 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 4G 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 4G 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 •-3 ^ 
 
 C, 1=1 
 
 u 
 
 
 El 
 
 5- 
 
 u 
 
 CO pa 
 
 ■^ •n^ 
 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 
 46 
 46 
 44 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 46 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 46 
 46 
 
 41 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 41 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 eg 
 
 O 
 MZ 
 
 MM 
 
 42 
 
 42 
 
 40 
 
 44 
 
 43 
 
 41 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 41 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 314 
 
Appendix S. 
 
 Methods of Analyses. 
 
Methods of Analyses 
 
 The methods used in determining the various constituents of the sewage 
 and effluents were in general those recommended by Laboratory Section o£ 
 the American Public Association at their meeting in Havana, 1905, except 
 where special conditions required some modification as hereinafter described. 
 
 The Direct Process for determining Kjeldahl Nitrogen was used in the fol- 
 lowing form: 
 
 An amount of sample was taken for analysis so that when one-half of the 
 digestate was neutralized and made up to 100 c. c. and 5 c. c. from this quan- 
 tity diluted to 50 c. c. and nesslerized the reading would be between 3 and 6 
 on the standard tubes. After a few weeks the strength of a sample could be 
 judged so that the quantity taken for analysis with the above dilutions would 
 give readings within the range of the standards. 
 
 Nitrogen as Free Ammonia was also determined by the direct process by 
 adding one drop of a 50% Caustic Soda Solution and three drops of a 10% 
 Copper Sulphate solution to 100 c. c. of sample and shaking thoroughly. Usu- 
 ally o c. c. of the supernatant liquid, if care was used in removing the por- 
 tion, gave a perfectly clear tube when nesslerized. In both the Kjeldahl and 
 free ammonia determinations the nessler tube containing the nitrogen was 
 shaken before nesslerizlng. 
 
 Suspended matter was determined by the use of the Goosch Crucible meth- 
 od, a series of experiments having been conducted to show compai'ative re- 
 sults obtained by this and by the Platinum Method. The results of these 
 tests as well as those relating to the determination of nitrogen are given in 
 the following table. The average of all the samples analyzed by the two 
 methods showed that the platinum method gave about 90% as much sus- 
 pended matter as was found by the Gooch method. 
 
 The Method adopted for the determination of the Oxygen Consumed was 
 that of boiling the sample of sewage for 5 minutes with an excess of potas- 
 sium permanganate in an acid solution. It was realized at the beginning of 
 the experiments that there was a tendency on the part of some to use the 
 method of digesting the immersed sample in boiling water for 30 minutes, 
 but a long series of experiments proved that duplicate determinations made 
 upon the same sample by the boiling method gave results which were as com- 
 jiarable with each other as were those obtained by the 30 min. period of di- 
 gestion. This latter method is particularly desirable where difficulty arises 
 from "bumping," but under ordinary conditions the 5 min. boiling test was 
 found to be as accurate and the manipulation much more simple. The re- 
 sults by the two methods appear in the following table of duplicate tests. 
 
 316 
 
Results. 
 
 Parts per Million 
 
 5 minute Boiling Method. 
 Difference 
 
 30 minute Immersion in Boiling Water. 
 Difference 
 
 1256 
 
 1288 
 
 32 
 
 1320 
 
 1368 
 
 48 
 
 32 
 
 36 
 
 04 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 00 
 
 252 
 
 248 
 
 04 
 
 268 
 
 280 
 
 12 
 
 184 
 
 188 
 
 04 
 
 212 
 
 204 
 
 08 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 02 
 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 02 
 
 320 
 
 316 
 
 04 
 
 336 
 
 332 
 
 04 
 
 19G 
 
 200 
 
 04 
 
 240 
 
 244 
 
 04 
 
 38 
 
 42 
 
 04 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 640 
 
 664 
 
 24 
 
 690 
 
 704 
 
 08 
 
 308 
 
 312 
 
 04 
 
 340 
 
 348 
 
 08 
 
 320 
 
 304 
 
 16 
 
 328 
 
 332 
 
 06 
 
 182 
 
 184 
 
 02 
 
 206 
 
 208 
 
 02 
 
 664 
 
 664 
 
 00 
 
 720 
 
 712 
 
 08 
 
 632 
 
 632 
 
 00 
 
 688 
 
 688 
 
 00 
 
 432 
 
 436 
 
 04 
 
 476 
 
 484 
 
 08 
 
 Average Dif 72 
 
 Average Dif 79 
 
 The results in columns marked. Oxygen Consumed, 5 min. cold test in vari- 
 ous tables of analyses, were obtained by allowing the sample to stand 5 min. 
 at room temperature with an excess of potassium permanganate in acid so- 
 lution. At the end of 5 min. 1 c. c. of a 10% solution of potassium iodide 
 was added and the excess of permanganate titrated with sodium thiosulphate. 
 This is a comparatively simple determination and one that can be performed 
 by the non-teghnical man who is often found in charge of small plants and in 
 connection with the methylene blue test for putrescibility will throw much 
 valuable light on the condition of effluents. 
 
 Methyl orange was used in determining alkalinity and the free lime was 
 indicated by the phenolphthalein, titrating to a neutral end point with n/.50 
 sulphuric acid. 
 
 The nitrogen and fats in sludge were obtained by drying the wet sample 
 at 212 degrees F., and then weighing out 0.5 gram for each analysis. After 
 the sample for nitrogen had been digested until the oxidization was com- 
 plete it was diluted and neutralized in the same way as the sample for nitro- 
 gen in the daily sewage analyses. Fats were extracted from the sludge by 
 washing the dried sample with ether until practically all of the fat was re- 
 moved and then boiling the residue with ether over steam until the film on 
 the side of the dish showed no traces of fats. About 25 c. c. of ether were 
 used for each analysis. 
 
 The changes in the method of sampling made to correspond with changes 
 made in the rate of pumping sewage through the septic and settling tanks 
 were based on a series of analyses made in December. These analyses 
 showed that the samples made up of equal portions taken throughout the 
 twenty-four hours were much weaker than those made up of portions taken 
 in proportion to the flow. The results of these tests appear in Appendix 2. 
 
 317 
 
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 318 
 
Index 
 
 Page 
 
 Acknowledgment IL'8 
 
 Bacteria in Effluents from Various Treatments 12 
 
 Bacterial Action in Septic Tank 77 
 
 Bacteria, Account of Studies made upon 126 
 
 Cayadutta Creek, Area Watershed, Flow 14 
 
 Cayadutta Creek: Measurements of Flow; Rates of Quantitj' of Sew- 
 age to Creek Water 15 
 
 Cayadutta Creek; Analyses showing Quantity of Solid JIatter 36 
 
 Chemicals, No effect upon filtering materials. Filters 11 
 
 Chemicals used in Tanneries 29 
 
 Chemical Precipitation 17 
 
 Chemicals in Sewage act as coagulent 87 
 
 Chemicals used; Tanning, Quantity hides tanned 28 
 
 Chemicals; Effect of, in Mill Wastes as preventing fermentation in 
 
 sewage 46 
 
 Climate; Effect upon treatment. Necessity of Covering 11 
 
 Climate ; Temperature ; Snow 6 
 
 Clogging; Organic Growth on stones, Sprflikling Filter 98 
 
 Clogging of Nozzles ; Sprinkling Filter 97 
 
 Clogging of Filtering Materials; Sprinkling Filter 98 
 
 Color; Septic Tank; Sludge 78 
 
 Color in Sewage ; Removal of 11 
 
 Color of Effluent from Sedimentation Tank 87 
 
 Color; Sedimentation Tank Sludge; Quantity; Density; Odor 88 
 
 Color of Sludge from Settling Basin 121 
 
 Coloring Matter in Sewage and Septic Effluent 74 
 
 Condition of Sewage, fresh, little disintegration, susp. mat 7 
 
 Conclusions from Experiments 121 
 
 Effluents from Various Treatments Compared 12 
 
 Experiments ; Reasons for 4 
 
 Experiment Station should be Continued 13 
 
 Experiment Station; Reasons for Investigation 18 
 
 Experiment Station; Question to be Investigated 19 
 
 Experiment Station; Description and Dimensions of Plant 19 
 
 Laboratory i" 
 
 Power Plant ^^ 
 
 20 
 Screens 
 
 90 
 
 Grit Chamber 
 
 Septic Tank ^^ 
 
 Settling Basin ^^ 
 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 
 Settling Basins for Effluents from Spr. Filters 22 
 
 Intermittent Filters 
 
 319 
 
Sand ; Mechanical Analysis ot 22 
 
 Filter House 22 
 
 Organization 23 
 
 Fats and Nitrogen in Sludge from Sedimentation Tank 95 
 
 Fats and Nitrogen in Sludge in Different Compartments 86 
 
 Fats and Nitrogen in Sludge from Septic Tank 84 
 
 Fats ; In sludge from Mill Settling Tanks 40 
 
 Fats ; Quantity in Sewage 47 
 
 Fermentation in Septic Tank 73 
 
 Filters and Tanks Covered; Effect of Housing in Winter 6 
 
 Filter House 22 
 
 Filter No. 4; Ice on; Distribution in Winter 98 
 
 Gas ; Evolution from Septic Sewage 73 
 
 Gas ; Sedimentation Tank 87 
 
 Gas; Evolution of 74 
 
 Gas from Sludge from Settling Basin 121 
 
 Gloversville Sewage can be purified by Biological Processes 11 
 
 GloversviHe; Location and Population 14 
 
 Grit Chamber 20 
 
 Grit Chamber 69 
 
 Grit Chamber; Quantity of Solids retained by.' 69 
 
 Grit Chamber; Analyses of Sludge from 70 
 
 Grit Chamber ; Street Catch Basins 7 
 
 Grit Chamber; Conclusions as to Usefulness of 70 
 
 Hair Mill 30 
 
 Hides; Tannery; Quantity tanned and Chemicals used 28 
 
 House Connections; Number; Number people per connection and 
 
 proportion of storm drain entering sewer 16 
 
 Introduction 3 
 
 Industries 14 
 
 Incubation ; Effect upon sewage 64 
 
 Intercepting Sewer 18 
 
 Intermittent Filtration 17 
 
 Intermittent Filter 22 
 
 Intermittent Sand Filter No. 1; Description; Rates of Flow 123 
 
 Intermittent Sand Filter No. 1 ; Care of Filters 124 
 
 Intermittent Sand Filter No. 1; Analyses of Influent and EfHuent. . 125 
 
 Intermittent Sand Filter No. 2; Description; Rates of Flow 125 
 
 Intermittent Sand Filter No. 2; Analyses and Efficiency 125 
 
 Laboratory 19 
 
 Lime ; Presence of in Sewage 47 
 
 Litigation 15 
 
 Litigation ; Damages 16 
 
 Mills ; Contributing Wastes ; No. of Tanneries 3 
 
 Mill ; Typical hourly flow Domestic Sewage 42 
 
 Mill; Rate of Plow of Domestic Sewage and Proportion of each 42 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks; Necessity of Providing 31 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks; Ordinance Regulating 31 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks ; Number Built 34 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks; Dimensions and Capacities 34 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks; Quality, Analyses, etc 35 
 
 320 
 
.■!7 
 38 
 
 38 
 40 
 40 
 46 
 5 
 
 Mill Settling Tanljs; Suspended Matter retained by 
 
 Mill Settling Tanlts; Quantity of Sludge retained by 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks ; Efficiency of 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks ; Inspection of [] _ 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks; Standard Quantity of Suspended Matter 'for Ef- 
 fluents 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks ; Combination of Sludge from 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks; Nitrogen in Sludge from 
 
 Mill Settling Tanks; Septic Action in 
 
 Mill Tanks ; Ordinance in re 
 
 Mill Tanks ; Standard for Effluents 
 
 Mill Tanks; Inspection and Cleaning of ' . . 5 
 
 Mill Tanks ; Sludge from ; Quantity and Density 5 
 
 Mill Tanks ; Sedimentation in ; Standards [ \ 11 
 
 Mill Tanks; Proportion of Susp. Matter retained by 5 
 
 Mill Wastes; Quantity ". 27 
 
 Mill Wastes; Names of Manufacturers and Quantity of Waste 28 
 
 Mill Wastes; Relative Quantities of Domestic Sewage 28 
 
 Mill Wastes ; Quantity discharged into Creek 30 
 
 Mill Wastes ; Condition of 31 
 
 Mill Wastes not connected to sewer; Quantity 45 
 
 Mill Wastes; Effect of, upon daily variation in character of Sewage. . 46 
 Mill Wastes ; Chemical Effect of, as preventing fermentation in Sew- 
 age 46 
 
 Mill Yards; Storm Water from 57 
 
 Mill Wastes ; Quantity of 6 
 
 Mosquito; Sett. Basin, breeding place for 121 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites in Sewage 46 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites in Septic Tank Effluent 75 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites and Oxygen Dissolved in Effluent from Septic 
 Tank; Comparison of Temperature and Flow of Sewage and 
 
 Quantity '. 77 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites in Sedimentation Tank Effluent 88 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites in Effluent from Spr. Filter No. 1 101 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites in Effluent from Spr. Filter No. 2 103 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites in Effluent from Spr. Filter No. 3 105 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites in Effluent from Spr. Filter No. 4 107 
 
 Nitrates and Nitrites reduced in Settling Basins '. . 115 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Sewage 46 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Septic Tank Effluent 75 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates and Oxygen Dissolved in Effluent from Septic 
 Tank; Comparison of Temperature and Flow of Sewage and 
 
 Quantity ' ^ 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Sedimentation Tank Effluent .- 88 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Effluent from Spr. Filter No. 1 101 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Effluent fro.m Spr. Filter No. 2 103 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Effluent from Spr. Filter No. 3 105 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Effluent from Spr, Filter No. 4 107 
 
 Nitrogen in Sludge from Mill Settliug Tanks 
 
 Nitrogen and Fats In Sludge from Septic Tank 
 
 Nitrogen and Fats in Sludge in Different Compartments 
 
 40 
 85 
 86 
 
Nitrogen and Fats in Sludge from Sedimentation TanliS 94 
 
 Nitrogen in Sludge from Settling Basins 121 
 
 Nozzles ; Type of and Efficiency of Dlstrib. in Spr. Filters 97 
 
 Nozzles ; Clogging of in Spr. Filters 97 
 
 Odor to be expected in Vicinity of Plant 12 
 
 Odor from Sludge 13 
 
 Odor from Sprinkling Filters 98 
 
 Odor of Sludge from Settling Basins 121 
 
 Odor, etc. Sed. Tank; Sluldge, Quantity, Density, Color 88 
 
 Odor of Sludge from Septic Tank 78 
 
 Ordinance regulating Mill Settling Tanks 31 
 
 Organization 23 
 
 Organic Growth on Stones; Sprinkling Filter 98 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in Effluent from Septic Tank 77 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in Effluent from Septic Tank; Comparison of tem- 
 perature and flow of sewage and quantity 77 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in Eft. from Spr. Filter No. 2 103 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in Eff. from Spr. Filter Xo. 3 105 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in Eff. from Spr. Filter Xo. 4 107 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved present in Spr. Filter Effluents Ill 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved from Effluents, Settling Basin No. 1 117 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved from Effluents, Settling Basin No. 2 118 
 
 Power Plant 20 
 
 Precipitation ; Rainfall ; Snowfall 26-27 
 
 Putrescibility Tests of Eff. from Spr. Filter Xo. 1 102 
 
 Putrescibility of Eff. from Spr. Filter No. 2. 104 
 
 Putrescibility; Effect of upon Susp. Solids 106 
 
 Putrescibility ; Effect of on Spr. Filter No. 4 108 
 
 Putrescibility of Spr. Filter Effluents, compared Ill 
 
 Putrescibility of Effluent from Settling Basin 120 
 
 Putrescibility of Spr. Filter Eff. after Filtration Through Paper or 
 
 Cotton 120 
 
 Putrescibility ; Effect of Suspended Matter upon 104 
 
 Resume of Studies 3 
 
 Population 3 
 
 Population served by Sewers 3 
 
 Xo. of Tanneries and other mills contrib. wastes 3 
 
 Dilution of Sewage by Creek Water 3 
 
 Litigation Begun 3 
 
 Storm AVater now enters Sewers 3 
 
 Separate System; Miles of Combined Sewers 4 
 
 Miles of Sewers 4 
 
 Methods of Sewage Disposal Tabulated 4 
 
 Reasons for Experiments 4 
 
 Tanneries discussed in General Way 4 
 
 Tank at Mills 5 
 
 Ordinance in re Mill Tanks 5 
 
 Inspection and Cleaning of Mill Tanks 5 
 
 Proportion of Susp. Matter retained by Mill Tanks 5 
 
 Standard for Mill Tank Effluents 5 
 
 Sludge from Mill Tanks; Quantity and Density 5 
 
 322 
 
Resume of Studies, continued. 
 
 Climate ; Temperature ; Snow ^ 6 
 
 Tanks and Filters covered; Eff. ot Housing in Winter 6 
 
 Temperature of Sewage; Comparison with that of other cities. 6 
 
 Quantity ot Sewage; Average; Maximum, etc 6 
 
 Quantity of Mill Wastes 6 
 
 Quantity of Sewage; Plant must care for 6 
 
 Condition of Sewage; Fresh; Little Disintegration; Suspended 
 
 Matter 7 
 
 Screening and Pumping; Quantity of Screenings 7 
 
 Suspended Matter ; Necessary to remove 7 
 
 Sedimentation; Susp, Matter removed by Sedimentation and 
 
 Septic processes 8 
 
 Sludge; Quantity produced compared with that of other cities. 8 
 
 Sludge; Dry Solid Matter in 8 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Results of Experiments 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Eff. vary with depth ot filters 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Eff. require settling 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Storage of Susp. Matter 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Cleaning 9 
 
 Sedimentation; Necessity of Spr. Filter Effs 10 
 
 Sand Filtration of Effluent from Spr. Filters 10 
 
 Sludge produced by Sedimentation of S. F. Effs 10 
 
 Sand Filtration; Rate of 10 
 
 Sand Filtration of Crude Sewage 10 
 
 Sand Filtration of effs. from Sett, and Septic Tanks 10 
 
 Gloversville sewage can be purified by biological processes 11 
 
 Climate effect upon treatment; Necessity of covering Filters. . 11 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Rate ; Area required 11 
 
 Sedimentation in Mill Tanks ; Standards 11 
 
 Sludge; Reduction in Quantity due to Septic Action 11 
 
 Sludge; Quantity to be produced by Prep, treatment 11 
 
 Sludge; .Quantity to be produced by sedimentation of Sprink- 
 ling Filter Effluents H 
 
 Chemicals ; No effect upon filtering materials 11 
 
 Color in Sewage; Removal of ^^ 
 
 Odor to be expected in Vicinity of Plant 12 
 
 Effluents from Various Treatments compared 12 
 
 Bacteria in effluents from various treatments 12 
 
 Sewage treatment; Net results 1? 
 
 Sludge; Method of Disposal j^ 
 
 Sludge; Odor from • ,, 
 
 Sludge; More easily dried than septic sludge |^ 
 
 Experiment Station should be continued i^ 
 
 Recommendation 
 
 Roof Water; Entering Sewer 
 
 Rainfall; Precipitation 
 
 Relation of Industries to Problem of Sewage Disposal 27 
 
 Sand Filtration ; Rate of 
 
 Sand Filtration of effluents from Sprinkling Filters 
 
 Sand Filtration of Crude Sewage 
 
 Sand Filtration of effluent from Settling and Septic Tanks 
 
 323 
 
Sand; Mechanical Analyses of 22 
 
 Screens -. 20 
 
 Screening 68 
 
 Screening; Quantity of 69 
 
 Screening; Conclusions drawn from Tests 69 
 
 Scum formed on Septic Tank 73 
 
 Scum formed on Septic Tank 77 
 
 Scum ; Sedimentation Tank 87 
 
 Sedimentation; Supt. Matter removed by Sed. and Sep. Processes. ... 8 
 
 Sedimentation; Necessity of; Sprinkling Filter Effluents 10 
 
 Sedimentation in Mill Tanks; Standards 11 
 
 Sedimentation 17 
 
 Sedimentation ; Experiments with 87 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Color of Eff. from 87 
 
 Sedimentation Tank ; Scum 87 
 
 Sedimentation Tank ; Gas 87 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Quality of Effluent 88 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Sludge, Quantity, Density, Color, Odor 88 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Sludge; Dry Solids in 89 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Sludge; Quantity reduced, etc 92 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Sludge, Quantity at Gloversville compared with 
 
 that produced in other cities 93 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Susp. Solids in Eff. at Gloversville and other 
 
 cities 93 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Sludge, Depth and Volume of in different com- 
 partments 94 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Sludge, Analyses of in different compartments. 94 
 Sedimentation Tank; Susp. Solids in Sludge and Eff. compared with 
 
 solids in sludge 95 
 
 Sedimentation Tank; Comparison of Sludge produced by Septic and 
 
 Sedimentation Processes 96 
 
 Septic Process 17 
 
 Septic Tank 20 
 
 Septic Action in Mill Settling Tanks 46 
 
 Septic Tank ; Experiments with 71 
 
 Septic Tank; Periods of Operation and Rate of Plow 72 
 
 Septic Tank; General Observations 73 
 
 Septic Tank ; Scum formed on 73 
 
 Septic Tank ; Fermentation in 73 
 
 Septic Tank; Quality of Effluent from 74 
 
 Septic Tank; Reduction of temperature in 75 
 
 Septic Tank; Nitrites and Nitrates in effluent from 75 
 
 Septic Tank; Susp. Matter removed from sewage by 76 
 
 Septic Tank; Susp. Matter in effs. of fro.m various cities compared. . 76 
 
 Septic Tank; Oxygen Dissolved in eff. from 77 
 
 Septic Tank; Comparison of Temperature and Plow of Sewage and 
 Quantity of Nitrites and Nitrates and Oxygen Dissolved in ef- 
 fluent 77 
 
 Septic Tank ; Bacterial Action in 77 
 
 Septic Tank ; Scum formed on 77 
 
 Septic Tank; Sludge retained by ■ • ■ — 77 
 
 324 
 
Septic Tank; Odor of Sludge from ■?» 
 
 Septic Tank; Color of Sludge from 78 
 
 Septic Tank; . Consistency of Sludge from 78 
 
 Septic Tank; Volume of Sludge Produced month by month 78 
 
 Septic Tank; Density of Sludge 78 
 
 Septic Tank; Quantity and Analyses of Sludge removed 79 
 
 Septic Tank; Quantity of Sludge removed from, reduced to uniform 
 
 density 81 
 
 Septic Tank; Quantity produced, etc., compared with quantity pro- 
 duced at other cities 81 
 
 Septic Tank; Quantity of Dry Solids in Sludge from 82 
 
 Septic Tank; Susp. Solids removed from sewage compared with 
 
 solids in sludge 83 
 
 Septic Tank; Sludge, Chemical composition .of 84 
 
 Septic Tank; Sludge; Quantity and Character of, collected in com- 
 partments 85 
 
 Septic Tank; Sludge, Depth and Volume deposited In the several 
 
 compartments of 85 
 
 Septic Tank; Sludge, Density and Comparison of in different com- 
 partments 86 
 
 Settling Tank 21 
 
 Settling Basins for Effluent from Sprinkling Filters 22 
 
 Settling Basins; Description of 22 
 
 Settling Basins; Analyses of Influent and Effluent 115 
 
 Settling Basins; Nitrites and Nitrates reduced in 115 
 
 Settling Basins; Suspended Solids in Inf. and Eff 112 
 
 Settling Basins; Suspended Solids, Standard for Eff 117 
 
 Settling Basin No. 1, ; Description of 22 
 
 Settling Basin No. 2 ; Description of 117 
 
 Settling Basin No. 1; Oxygen Dissolved, Effluent 117 
 
 Settling Basin No. 2; Oxygen Dissolved, Effluent 118 
 
 Settling Basin; Temperature, reduction in, of efficiency through 118 
 
 Settling Basin No. 2; Suspended Solids 120 
 
 Settling Basins; Putrescibility of eff. from 120 
 
 Settling Basins; Sludge from 121 
 
 Settling Basins; Color of Sludge from 121 
 
 Settling Basins ; Odor of Sludge from 121 
 
 Settling Basins ; Gas from Sludge from 121 
 
 Settling Basins; Breeding place for Mosquitoes 121 
 
 Settling Basins; Quantity and Character of 121 
 
 Settling Basins; Density of Sludge 121 
 
 Settling Basins; Nitrogen in Sludge from 121 
 
 Settling Basins; Quantity of Sludge produced by 122 
 
 Settling Basins; Quantity of Sludge produced by, at Gloversville 
 
 compared with other cities 123 
 
 Sewage; Dilution of by creek water 3 
 
 Sewage Disposal ; Methods of, tabulated : . ■ 4 
 
 Sewage ; Temperature of, compared with that of other cities 6 
 
 Sewage; Quantity of. Average, Maximum, etc <> 
 
 Sewage; Quantity of plant must care for 6 
 
 Sewage; Condition of, fresh, little disintegration. Suspended Matter. 7 
 
 325 
 
Sewage Treatment; Net results of 
 
 Sewage; Plow per capita 
 
 Sewage Purification; Methods of 
 
 Sewage; Temperature of 
 
 Sewage; Temperature of. Glovers ville and Waterbury, compared. 
 
 Sewage Disposal; Relation of Industries to problem of 
 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 Sewage 
 
 Quantity received at station 
 
 Periods of blgb flow 
 
 Typical hourly flow, domestic and mill 
 
 Rates of flow of domestic and mill and proportion of each. . 
 
 Character of 
 
 Daily variation in character of 
 
 Effect of mill wastes upon daily variation in character of . . . 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in 
 
 Hourly variations in character of 
 
 Time of day when various constituents were found in great- 
 
 est quantity 
 
 Sewage; Character of Station Sewage, Analyses 
 
 Sewage ; Quantity of fats in 
 
 Sewage; Proportion of Suspended Matter in 
 
 Sewage; Composition of, compared with that of other cities 
 
 Sewage; Character of that received between 7 a. m. and 6 p. m 
 
 Sewage; Effect of Incubation upon 
 
 Sewage; Net Results of Experiments with 
 
 Sewage; Comparison of, with various effluents 
 
 Sewers ; Miles of 
 
 Sewer System; Miles of Sewers and Storm Drain 
 
 Sludge from Mill Tanks; Quantity and Density 
 
 Sludge; Quantity produced compared with that at other cities 
 
 Sludge ; Dry Solid Matter in 
 
 Sludge produced by Sedimentation of Spr. Filter Effs 
 
 Sludge; Quantity to be produced by preparing treatment 
 
 Sludge; Quantity reduced due to Septic Action 
 
 Sludge; Quantity to be produced by sedimentation of Spr. Filter Ef- 
 fluents 
 
 Sludge ; Method of Disposal 
 
 Sludge ; Odor from 
 
 Sludge; More easily dried than Septic Sludge 
 
 Sludge; Quantity retained by Mill Settling Tanks 
 
 Sludge; Composition of from Mill Settling Tanks 
 
 Sludge; Analysis from Grit Chamber 
 
 Sludge retained by Septic Tank 
 
 Sludge ; Odor from, Septic Tank 
 
 Sludge ; Color from. Septic Tank 
 
 Sludge; Consistency of from Septic Tank 
 
 Sludge; Septic Tank, Volume produced month by month 
 
 Sludge; Density of from Septic Tank 
 
 Sludge; Quantity and Analyses of, removed from Stptic Tank 
 
 Sludge; Quantity removed from tank reduced to uniform density... 
 
 Sludge; Quantity produced compared with quantity produced at other 
 cities 
 
 13 
 16 
 16 
 25 
 26 
 27 
 40 
 42 
 43 
 43 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 46 
 49 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 47 
 
 57 
 
 60 
 
 62 
 
 64 
 
 121 
 
 127 
 
 4 
 
 16 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 11 
 11 
 
 11 
 13 
 13 
 13 
 38 
 40 
 70 
 77 
 78 
 
 79 
 
 SI 
 
 81 
 
 326 
 
Sludge; Quantity of dry solids in; Septic Tank S:' 
 
 Sludge; Septic Tank; Susp. Solids removed from sewase oonip-'H'od 
 
 with solids in s:i 
 
 Sludge; Chemical Composition of in Septic Tank s t 
 
 Sludge; Quantity and character of, collected in compartments of Soiv 
 
 tic Tank S5 
 
 Sludge; Depth and Volume deposited in the several compartments of 
 
 Septic Tank So 
 
 Sludge; Density and comparison of in different compartments of Sep- 
 tic Tank 86 
 
 Sludge; Quantity, Density, Color, Odor of in Sed. Tank 88 
 
 Sludge; Dry Solids in Sedimentation Tank 89 
 
 Sludge; Quantity reduced to uniform density in Sed. Tank 92 
 
 Sludge; Quantity in Sed. Tank at Gloversville compared with that 
 
 produced in other cities 92 
 
 Sludge; Depth and Volume of in Sedimentation Tank 94 
 
 Sludge; Analyses of in diff. compartments of Sed. Tank 94 
 
 Sludge; Suspended solids in sewage and effluent from Sedimentation 
 
 Tank compared with solids in 95 
 
 Sludge; Comparison of, produced by septic and sedimentation pro- 
 cesses in Sedimentation Tank 96 
 
 Sludge from Settling Basins 121 
 
 Sludge; Color of from Settling Basin 121 
 
 Sludge; Odor of from Settling Basin 121 
 
 Sludge; Gas from in Settling Basin 121 
 
 Sludge; Quantity and character of in Settling Basin 121 
 
 Sludge; Density of in Settling Basin 121 
 
 Sludge; Nitrogen in from Settling Basin 121 
 
 Sludge; Quantity produced by Settling Basin 122 
 
 Sludge; Quantity produced by Settling Basin at Gloversville com- 
 pared with that produced in other cities 123 
 
 Snow ; Climate ; Temperature 6 
 
 Snowfall ; Precipitation 27 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Results of Experiments with 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Effs. vary with depth of Filters 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Effluents require settling 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Storage of Suspended Matter 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Cleaning of 9 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Sand Filtration of eff. from 10 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Rate ; Area required 11 
 
 Sprinkling Filters 17 
 
 Sprinkling Filters 21 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Settling Basins for effs. from 22 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Experiments with 97 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Dates of Starting and Rates of Application of 
 
 Sewage 97 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Types of Nozzle used and efficiency of distribution 97 
 
 Spring Filters ; Rest Periods allowed 97 
 
 Springling Filters; Nozzles; Clogging of 97 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Clogging of Filtering Material 98 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Odor from 98 
 
 327 
 
Sprinkling Filters; Effect of Cold Weather o£ Winter 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Filter No. 4; Ice on; Distrib. in Winter. 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; Organic Growth on Stones 
 
 Sprinkling Filters ; "Voids in 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 1 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 1 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 1 
 
 Sprinkling Filters; Suspended Matter in Effluent from No. 1. 
 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filter No. 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 
 cities 
 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Fillers 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 
 ing 
 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 Sprinkling Filters 
 
 Description of 
 
 Analyses of Influent and Effluent from. 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Eff. from 
 
 from . 
 
 Putrescibility tests of eff. 
 
 Description of 
 
 Analyses of Influent and Effluent from 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Eff. from 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in 
 
 Suspended Matter in 
 
 Putrescibility of Eff. from 
 
 Description of 
 
 Analyses of Influent and Eff. from 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Eff. from 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in 
 
 Suspended Solids in 
 
 Description of 
 
 Analyses of Inf. and Eff. from 
 
 Suspended Solids in Eff. from 
 
 Nitrites and Nitrates in Eff. from 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved in Eff. from 
 
 Effect of Winter Weather upon 
 
 Putrescibility of Eff. from 
 
 Suspended Solids removed by 
 
 Susp. Solids in Eff. at Gloversville and other 
 
 Voids in 
 
 Susp. Solids discharged by and stored in 
 
 Susp. Solids unloaded from 
 
 Temperature; Loss of heat of Sewage while pass- 
 
 Results of Experiments compared 
 
 Analyses of Effluents, compared 
 
 Oxygen Dissolved present in Eff. from 
 
 Putrescibility of Eff. compared 
 
 Suspended Solids in Eff. from 
 
 Influence of depth upon quality of Eff 
 
 Experiments with settling of 
 
 Putrescibility of Eff. after filtration through paper 
 
 or cotton 
 
 Storm Water; Effect of, upon comp. of sewage from Mill Yard. 
 
 Storm Water; from Mill Yards 
 
 Suspended Matter 
 Suspended Matter 
 Suspended Matter 
 Suspended Matter 
 Suspended Matter 
 
 Proportion of, retained by Mill Tanks 
 
 Proportion of, retained by Mill Tanks 
 
 Condition of Sewage, fresh, little disintegration. 
 
 Necessary to remove 
 
 Sedimentation 
 
 98 
 98 
 98 
 99 
 99 
 
 100 
 
 101 
 
 101 
 
 102 
 
 102 
 
 102 
 
 103 
 
 103 
 
 103 
 
 104 
 
 104 
 
 104 
 
 105 
 
 105 
 
 105 
 
 106 
 
 106 
 
 107 
 
 107 
 
 107 
 
 108 
 
 108 
 
 108 ■ 
 
 108 
 109 
 109 
 109 
 
 110 
 110 
 110 
 111 
 111 
 112 
 114 
 115 
 
 120 
 57 
 57 
 5 
 5 
 7 
 7 
 
 328 
 
Suspended Matter; Sprinkling Filter Storage 9 
 
 Suspended Matter retained by Mill Settling Tanks 37 
 
 Suspended Matter for effluents; Standard Quantity of in Mill Set- 
 tling Tanks 38 
 
 Suspended Matter; Proportion in Sewage 58 
 
 Suspended Matter; Removed from sewage by Septic Tank 76 
 
 Suspended Matter; in Septic Tank efts, from various cities compared 76 
 
 Suspended Matter in effluent from Sprinkling Filter No. 1 101 
 
 Suspended Matter in effluent from Sprinkling Filter No. 2 103 
 
 Suspended Matter in effluent from Sprinkling Filter No. 3 105 
 
 Suspended Matter in effluent from Sprinkling Filter No. 4 107 
 
 Suspended Solids; Removed fro.m sewage compared with sludge in 
 
 Septic Tank 83 
 
 Suspended Solids; in effluent of Sed. Tank at Gloversville and other 
 
 cities 93 
 
 Suspended Solids; in sewage and effluent from Sed. Tank compared 
 
 with solids in sludge 95 
 
 Suspended Solids; Effect upon Putrescibility; S. F. No. 2 104 
 
 Suspended Solids; Effect upon Putrescibility ; S. F. No. 3 106 
 
 Suspended Solids removed by Sprinkling Filters 108 
 
 Suspended Solids in eff. of Spr. Filters at Gloversville and other 
 
 cities 108 
 
 Suspended Solids discharged by and stored in Spr. Filters 109 
 
 Suspended Solids unloaded from Sprinkling Filters 109 
 
 Suspended Solids in effluent from Sprinkling Filters 112 
 
 Suspended Solids; Weight and Volume retained in Filters 114 
 
 Suspended Solids in Inf. and Eff. from Settling Basins 112 
 
 Suspended Solids; Standard for Effl. from Settling Basins 11 T 
 
 Suspended Solids; Settling Basin No. 2 120 
 
 Tanneries ; Number of and other mills contributing wastes 3 
 
 Tanneries; Discussed in general way * 
 
 Tanning; General Methods compared 
 
 Tanning; Quantity hides tanned and chemicals used . . 
 
 Tanning; Shrinkage in weight of hides in tanning 
 
 Tanks at Mills 
 
 Tanks and Filters covered; Effect of housing i:; Winter. 
 
 Temperature; Climate; Snow 
 
 28 
 28 
 
 6 
 
 Temperature of Sewage; comparison with that of other cities 6 
 
 23 
 25 
 
 25 
 26 
 
 Temperature of Air and Sewage 
 
 Temperature of Air in Filter House 
 
 Temperature of Sewage 
 
 Temperature of Sewage of Gloversville and Waterbury corap. 
 
 Temperature ; Reduction of an Septic Tank '^5 
 
 Temperature; Comparison of and flow of sewage and quantity of Ni- 
 trites and Nitrates and Oxygen Diss, in effluent of Septic Tank. 77 
 
 Temperature; Sprinkling Filter; Effect of cold weather of 98 
 
 Temperature; winter; Loss of heat of sewage while passing Sprink- 
 ling Filter 
 
 329 
 
 110 
 
Temperature; Reduction in; of eflficiency passing through settling 
 
 basins US 
 
 Voids in Sprinltling Filters 99 
 
 Voids in Sprinkling Filters 109 
 
 Water Supply; Quantity per capita 116 
 
 Winter; Spr. Filter effl. cold weather 98 
 
 Winter; Spr. Filter No, 4; Ice on; Distribution in 98 
 
 Winter Weather; Effect on Sprinkling Filter No.' 4 108 
 
 The Leader Print, 
 Gloversville, N. Y.