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Ii'AN"GLAIS ENSBIGN-B AUX FRAH9AIS, cours pratique sur un plan enti6rement neuf. (Deux m^daiUes d honneur, Paris, 1870.) 1 vol. de 450 pages, 3j. Sd. London : SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO. Cornell universiiy uiuroiy arV16308 English into German: Gef™a",,,9,°,!IJRSSiIi'?,|'' 3 1924 031 308 459 oiin,anx Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031308459 UNIFORM WITB BA7ETS "FRENCR COMPOSITION." ENQLISH INTO GERMAN. GERMAN COMPOSITION ENGLISH PROSE SPECIMENS, TO BE TEASSLATEDMNTO GEBM AST, WITH THE ASSISTANCE Off BENDEKINGS AND NOTES ON THE IDIOMS AND PECDLIAMTIES OF BOTH LAHGUAGEa. BT ALFRED G. HAVET, or THE BERLIN SOCIETY FOR THE CfLTlVATIOET OF MODERK LANGUAGES ; Author of "Frencfi Studies," "French Composition," t£c A. LTBECKER, TEACHER OF FOKEIOH LASGTJAGEa. LONDON: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO. ; S. LOW, SON, & MARSTON ; DTJLAU & CO.; ASHER & CO.; "WILLIAMS & NOEGATB. BDINBUEGH : J. MENZIBS & CO. ; WILLIAMS & NOEGATB. BBELIN : ASHEE & CO., UNTER DEN LINDEN. NEW TOEK : SCEIBNEB, WELFOED, & AEMSTRONG. 1873. "fftitereb in ^tationcr^ f^RH. HAVET'S FRENCH EDUCATIONAL "WORKS, TTsed in Colleges and Schools throughout Great Britain, Ireland, the English Colonies, and the United States of America, as Tvell as in many Anglo- French Establishments on the Continent of Europe. y4. ^£66 for Beginners. 224 Conversations, 330 crown 8vo [yntax and Pecu- id French Exer- French Grammars, THE FIRST FRENCH foolscap 8to pages- THE FRENCH C Grammar, Fre( pages. THE FRENCH C: liarities of the oises. 180 cro' THE COMPLETE Tenth Edition, in LB LIVRE DTJ MAItRB ; -or. Key to both parts of *'TJie French Class-Boolc," with numerous Notes atid useful Hints, FRENCH STUDIES : Modern Conversations upon the ordinary topics of life. Colloquial Exercises, Extracts from Standard Writers, a Dictionary, &c. Eighth Edition. 400 Svo pages. HOUSEHOLD FRENCH : A Conversational lutroduction to the French Lan- guage. Sixth Edition. 300 Svo pages. FRENCH COMPOSITION ; comprehending— I. Prose Specimens from British and American Authors, to be translated into French. II. Outlines of Nar- fataves, Letters, &c. 272 Svo pages. New Edition. MORCEAUX TRADUITS DES PEOSATEURS ANGLAIS, suivis du d^veloppe- ment des sujets de composition du precedent ouvrage (Key to "French Composition"). 300 Svo pages. LEpONS FRANgAISES DE LITTi^RATURE ET DE CONVERSATION, pour faire suite aux "French Studies." [In preparatiOTi, GERMAN ON HAVET'S SYSTEM. 1. THE FIRST GERMAN BOOK ; or. Practical German Lessons for Beginners. Foolscap Svo. 2. GERMAN STUDIES, on the plan of "French Studies." ^ 3. GERMAN COMPOSITION, on the plan of "French Studies." These three works form a complete and practical course of modern Germaa \* The right of translation amd adaptation is reserved by the proprietor of both the French a/nd the German series. PREFACE. This selection is intended for those pupils who have finished " The First German Book,'' and done, if not the whole, at least the greater part of " German Studies." It is con- structed on exactly the same plan as " French Composition,'' and will, it is hoped,- afford exercises encouraging to the pupils and satisfactory to the master. Following the plan of my other publications, I have generally preferred extracts of a familiar and practical description to pieces of too rhetorical or lofty a style, which are not conducive to the acquirement of a con- versational knowledge of a language. As some of the stories may appear rather homely, I have to state that they contain words and idioms which will prove most usa- ful to all who are anxious to speak German, and for which they would vainly look in extracts of a higher character. Certain compilations of this kind contain selections from the English poets ; hut I have refrained from giving any poetry, because pupils at school ought not to be expected to put into German Shakspeare's poetry, Milton's " Paradise Lost " Dryden's " Alexapder's Feast," IV PREFACE. Goldsmith's " Deserted Village." If they succeed in turn- ing English prose into good plain German, they and their teachers may rest and be thankful. A class cannot be expected to consist of literary men and future poets- laureate. I have given subjects which have been treated by German authors quoted in "The First German Book" and in "German Studies," because it -will be at once curious and interesting to see how the writers of both nations have handled the same subject. With regard to the kendeeings which Herr Beckee has prefixed to each of the pieces, he has endeavoured to give neither too many nor too few. When there were grammatical difficulties or idiomatic differences, he has inserted foot-notes, and not unfrequently referred to "German Studies" and "The First German Book," which, along with the present work, form a complete practical course of modern German, uniform in plan and spirit with my French series. In conclusion, I avail myself of this fresh oppor- tunity to thank those heads of schools and professors of languages who have adopted my different publications. I trust that this new book may be found as useful as its French companions. Alfred G. Havet, Villa Boileau, Auteuil, Pabis, July 1873. PKEPACE. V 111 the spelling of " German Composition/' the same principles have been followed as in "The First German Book," which is in accordance with the best modern grammarians (Heyse, &c.) and lexicographers (Sanders, &c.) The chief feature of that mode of spelling is the writing of f[ or f^ instead of p, after a short vowel. A. L. Becker. CONTENTS. ENGLISH PEOSE TO BE TKANSIATED INTO GERMAN. 1 . The Arab in the Desert, . J. M. D. Meiklejohn, 2. The Parrot, .... Ibid., .... 3. The Philosopher and the Emperor, LoBD Bacon, 4. The Knowledge of Common Things, Boy's Week-day Book, 5. The Horse and the Beetroot, , Sadleb's Versions, 6. Columbus and the Egg, 7. The Human Body and the Five Senses, Washinston Ibviko, 8. Lord Chesterfield, 9. Greatness of Soul, 10. Joseph the Second and the Officer, .... 11. Klopstock 12. Frederic the Great and the Soldier,' .... 13. Frederic the Great and the Miller, .... Dr M'CuLiiOOH's Reading Booh, ... 9 Wade's British History, 12 LoBD Chestekfield's Letters to his Son, . 1 2 Anontmods, . 13 A. L. Beokee, . • 14 Sadler's Versions, ■ 14 TiMBs's Cimosities of 16 CONTENTS. 14. Frederic the Great and his Page, Anonymous, 16 15. Bion, LOED Baoon, 18 16. Origin of the word " Sycophant,' ' TiMBS's Curiosities of Hisioi-y, 18 17. Deceived Vanity, . Olitek Goldsmith, . 19 18. The Dog, .... Ibid 20 19. Metals, .... Mrs Baebauld, 20 20. Kelationship Extraordinary, . Harper's {American) Magazine, 23 21. Mozart and Haydn, . , Anonymous, 24 22. The "Ship at Anchor," Anonymous, 25 23. The Glow-worm, . • Mes Baebauld, 26 24. History of Cotton, Anonymous, 27 25. Gratitude, .... Bishop Hoene, . 29 26. Berlin, .... Hughes's Geography (additions and changes by A. L. Beckee), 29 27. The Young Philosopher, J. AlKIN, . 31 28. The Sun, .... Mrs Baebauld, . 36 29. Hamburg, .... Hughes's Geography (additions and changes by A. L. Becker), 37 30. Charlemagne as a Legislator, Dr Brewer, 39 31. Man proposes, God disposes, Anonymous, 40 32. Gasconades, .... Good Things for Railway Readers, 42 33. Pope Sixtus the Fifth, Aikin's Biographical Dictionary, 42 34. The Force of Labour, Smiles's Self-Help, 44 35. Letter to the Countess of Mar, Lady Wortley Mon- tague, 45 86 The Calamities of Genius, . Anonymous, 45 CONTENTS. ix PAGE 37. Letter to Dr Pigot, . , LOED ByRON, 47 38. Too much for the Whistle, . B. Jbanklik, . 48 39. The Dervise and the Camel, CoLioN's Zacon, . 49 40. The Conjuror and the Tailor, Goldsmith, 52 41. Tit for Tat, Anonymous, 53 42. The Horse-Shoe Kail, . Constable's English Reading-Book, . 54 43. The Iron Mask, . Maundes's Biographical Treasury, 66 44. The Monkey and the two Cats, DODSLET, . 68 45. The Old Man and his Ass, . Hoe ACE Walpole, 69 46. Geography, .... Ceampton and Tdenee' s Geographical Read- ing-Booh, , 61 47. Rivers, .... Ibid., . , . 63 48. A Clergyman's Repartee, . Anonimotjs, 64 49. The Steppes, Mes Somekville, 65 60. The Dervise, . . . Addison, . 67 61. Miners, .... H. IWiiiDLOOK's Translation of Schoedler, . . 68 52. A Son to his Mother, . Bteon, 70 53. Ledyard the Traveller, . Maundeb's Biographical Treasury, 71 54, . George Primrose wishes to teaoh Goldsmith's Vicar of the Dutch English, . . Wahejidd, 72 55. England and Scotland, . Waltee Sooit's Tales of a Grandfather, . 74 £6. Mahomet's Miracles, . . GresoN's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, , . , 76 67. A Letter to Sir Joshua' Reynolds, Omvek Goldsmith, , 77 es. The Shield, .... Beadmont, . 79 CONTENTS. 69, 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. PAOB COWPEB, . . 82 Stdnbt Smith, . 8i GoLDWiN Smith's li-ish History and Character, 85 A. L. Beokeb, . 86 Shakspbabb, TJie Mer- chant of Venice, , 87 The Jew Shylook and Bassauio, Hid., .... 88 Hunting in the Middle Ages, H. Hallam, . . 90 Gulliver's Adventures in Brobdig- nag, Swift, ... 91 Letter to Joseph Hill, The Love of our Country, Presence of Mind, Schiller, The Jew, , Village Inn Scene, Mary Stuart, , Progress of Towns, The Duke of Alva, G. Faequhab, . 93 Eobbbtsok's History of Scotland, . , 97 John M'CnLLOCH, . 100 Peesoott's Historp of the Reign of PTiUip the Second, . . 102 . - TiMBs's Curiosities of History, . . 104 Conversation between two Young - Englishmen at Rome, .■ Chestebfibld i)(in}ig SPfiinb fe(l. * Pres. Subj. ' Delighted with, mU guJt uSer. * Slacj) ■§aufe. ' She repented of her bargain, Seveutc jie i^ren •Sanbcl. '" 3" ficii fettjl. '^ For having thrown away, kafS ft . . . iDeggeWotfcn l^i'e- ■'^ SHicf. A sailor had a parrot. To all the questions they asked it^, it ^ answered, " There is no doubt about it ^." One day* he took it to the market to sell it, and fixed the price at twenty pounds^. A woman asked the parrot if it was '5 worth twenty pounds. It replied, " There is no doubt about it." She, delighted with "^ the bird, bought it, and carried it home^. Some time after, she repented of her bargain^, and said aloud to herself i" that she was a fool for having thrown her money away^^. " There is no doubt about it," sung out ^^ the bird. — J. M. D. Meikle- john. HAVET S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 3. THE PHILOSOPHER AND THE EMPEROE. Set ■Sprjttofo))!; unt) bcr Jlnircf.— i ©8. * JDiftutivlc. ^But weakly, nuv fH/'mai^. * Slid) iimtt. ^ You were not like yourself, tu glicjicft tir fetSfi iiidjjt. ^ The other day, neiil^. ' In , . . empe- ror, ot8 tu mit tern JJaifer i)if))utitte|i. ^ 3i^ ^atfe . . . Vmttm. ^ 2Boatc|l iu, fcafstc^ ... . "aScfcpgt. There ^ was a philosopher that disputed ^ with Augustus the emperor, and did it but weakly^. One of his friends that stood by afterwards said to him, " Methinks * you were not like yourself^, the other day^, in argument with the Emperor 'i'. I could have^ answered better (myself)." — " Why," said the philosopher, " would you have me ^ con- tend with him who commands ^^ thirty legions 1 " — Bacon. 4. THE KNOWLEDGE OE COMMON THINGS. ®ie .ffenntnifS ge«)or;ntit^er 35inge. — i I have often been sur- prised, ti^ wunbere micji oft. ^ SSenn id) . . ^ 3n. * Ought to have known, tciffm fpffteii. ''S'lmUd!). 6 Eight years old, son aa()t Satjren. 'Unt. * Pres. Subj. * Was equally ignorant, wufste gleid)f(itl3 nid;t. " 5lu«. (I.) I have often been surprised i, when ^ talking with boys, to find them so ignorant of ,^ many things which they ought to have known * as well as their own names. The other day ^, I was questioning a boy, eight years old % who did not know the number of days, weeks, or ^ months in the year. He could not tell whether the sun rose ^ in the east or in the west, and was equally ignorant ' whether his jacket was made of i" hemp, flax, or wool. (II.) Every boy ought to know that he has five senses, seeing, hearing, smelling, feeling, and tasting; that the HAVET'S ENGLISH IKTO GERMAN. 10 Sa'^rdjeitcn. '= ©t^ Setocgt. " Sejicl^t — Jeftc^en, to be composed of . . . (i«6 . . . " ^imtnetegegcnten. i' Such as, luic s™ SSeifMtt. 1" Are . . . translate : taf« man . . . " aBitHii^. " «"« 2B«isen- me^t. ^^ Yeast, §cfe. ™ It makes liglit bread, bnS fflrot ttii^t wilt. 'iiaSEigemifdjt. ^'^Fassover cakes, Wa^mta^m 23 The biscuits eaten by . . . bet ®cI;iff8jlBic6(i(I, WctCjiev, &c ttjivi). ='' UngcfSuevt. =* @rf;v iiitb. 2^ Things in common use, allgemcin gctvaud^Iidjc Singe. year lias four seasons i", spring, summer, autumn, and winter; that the earth turns on its axis, and travels ^^ round the sun ; that the world is composed of ^^ land and water, and divided into five parts, Europe, Asia, Africa, America, and Oceania; that there are* four cardinal points 1*, east, west, north, and south ; that metals, such as 1^ gold and silver and lead are dug out of the earth ; and that diamonds are found ^'^ on the land, and pearls in the sea. t (III.) That boy must be ignorant indeed ^^ who does not know that bread is made of the flour of wheat i^, butter from cream, and cheese from milk ; that when flour is mingled with yeast ^^ it makes light bread 2°, and that when no yeast is used^^ the bread is heavy.| The passover cakes ^^ of the Jews, the biscuits ^3 eaten by sailors, and the barley bread of Scotland, are all unleavened '*. Boys ought, at an early age ^^, to be acquainted with such things as are in common use ^^ ; but I have often found it neces- sary to explain to them that sugar is made from the juice * Compare with Havet and Sohrdmpf's "First German Book," 59fch lesson, p. 112. + Sea, basaJlcev, tie ©ce — plur. kie SOleete, for both; iex @efv means the laJee — plur. bic Seen. J Bead 41st lesson in Havet and Soheumpe's "First German Book," p. 75. HATET'S ENGIISH INTO OEEMAN. 7 ^^In the Indies, itt 3niitm. ^'©tttiuci^. ^^rphe cocoa, ket JtoloS. ^^ aivfetluein. ^° SBitmnofl. "i Juice of the grape, Sraufimfcift. ^^ Is distUled, tcjiitttrt »ivb. ^' 3n aBejlinticn. ^* Something like a peach, tct iPfirfi^e at;nlt(i^. of the sugar-cane, wMcli grows in the Indies ^^ ; that tea is the dried leaf of a shrub which grows in China ; that coffee is the berry of a bush ^'^ growing in Arabia and the West Indies ; and that chocolate is manufactured from the seed of the cocoa ^% a plant of South America. (IV.) Many boys know very well that beer is made from malt and hops, cider ^^ from apples, and perry ^^ from pears, who do not know that wine is the juice of the grape ^^, that brandy is distilled ^^ from wine, and rum from the juice of the sugar-cane. And they are equally ignorant that oranges, citrons, and lemons grow in Spain and the West Indies ^^, and spices in the East Indies and other parts ; that pepper and cloves are fruits of shrubs, nutmegs {sing.) the kernels {sing.) of a fruit something like a peach ^*, cinnamon the bark of -a tree, and ginger and rhubarb (are) the roots of plants. — Boys^ Weeh-day Booh 5. THE HOESE AND THE BEETROOT iBae 3?fcrt unt kte SRunfctruSe. — ^ fiutwig. "After the acces- sion of this prince to the throne of France, naiijibem Mefec jprins JJotiig Don grnnftriSf* gctoorben. ' HeBeKei^te 9jm. * StunteltflSc. (I.) When Louis -"^ the Eleventh was dauphin, he used frequently in his walks to visit the family of a peasant, and partake of their frugal meal. Some time after the accession of this prince to the throne of France^, the peasant presented him^ an extraordinary beetroot*, the O HAVET S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^ Kin SrsragnifS fcineg ©artcM. ^ SlirMiS)e. ' il^nlcr. s Set ^tcv i)c8 SotfeJ. ' Jtouftc. 1° Polite attention, artigtcit. ^' An admirer, &c., ein 8ici« Indict son SttiturlJWtuHen. ■"' Which cannot be matched, He i^tcl ®leic^m fu^t. ^' I am happy, id) f^a^c mii;^ gliirfUi^. production of his garden^. Louis, to reward the poor man for his attention, and to show that he had not for- gotten the rustic^ cottage, gave him a thousand crowns'^. (II.) The village squire*, on hearing of the peasant's (good) luck, thought that if he gave a good horse to the king, his fortune would be made. He therefore procured' a very handsome one, went to the palace, and begged the king to do him the honour of accepting it. Louis thanked him for his polite attention '^'', and ordered one of his pages to fetch the beetroot. When it was brought, he presented it to the squire, saying — "Sir, as you seem to be an admirer of the works of nature i\ I beg you to accept one of its most extraordinary productions. I paid (per/.) a thousand crowns for this root, which cannot be matched i^, and I am happy ^' to have so good an opportunity of rewarding your disin- terested loyalty." — Sadler's Versions. 6. COLTJMBTTS ASH THE EGG.* S)ae Si fcc8 Jtotumljus. — i SlnmieS. ^ Had him served with . . . unk t^it mit cintr Sotmlt(!^!cit 6c^onbette, luclcljic man in jcnen jlvcng ^imJU li(!^cn Seiten gegen Surpcn ico'Ba^tcte. Pedro Gonzalez de Mendoza, the Grand Cardinal of Spain, invited Columbus to a banquet, where + he assigned ^ him the most honourable place at table, and had him served^ * See Havet and Sohbumpp's "German Studies,'' pp. 10 and 11, „Sn8 Si its J?»tiim6u8." + Compare Havet and Sohrumpf's "First German Book," 41st lesson, p. 75. HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 9 ' Soff. 4 Sic ®i^S)iii)te mtt kcm (St. ^ Sin fetiiS^tci: Sofjf wn eincm •Softing. ^ SiuStciiiber ' O^nc Umjlftnke. ^ Who would have been capable of the enterprise, tie tnS Untevnct;men 1)attm ausfii^rm Bnnen. ' •6ierouf.' " ®ai. " ©ontem. '^ §ievnuf. " ®o taf« ... " 3luf kern dnge. txniimm (Stibe. *^ Snicm et -fo in einfaCjici' SBeifc jctgte. " Jladjiiiem. 17 ®ci. with ceremonies which, in those punctilious times were observed towards sovereigns. At this repast is said ^ to have occurred the well-known incident* of the egg. A shallow courtier ^ present, impatient of the ' honours paid to Columbus, and meanly jealous of him as a foreigner \ abruptly ^ asked him whether he thought that, in case he had not discovered the Indies, there were not other men who would have been capable of the enterprise ^. To this ^ Columbus madei** no immediate answer; but^^ taking an egg, invited the company to make it stand upon one end. Every one attempted it, but in vain ; whereupon ^^ he struck it upon the table so as to ^^ break the end, and left it standing on the broken part ^\ illustrating in this simple manner'-^, that when^^ he had once shown the way to the New World, nothing was ^'^ easier than to follow it. — Washington Irving. 7. THE HUMAN BODY AND THE FIVE SENSES.* Die ®cfliilt, the figure, form. S)aS ©efjirn, the brain. ®n8 ®cri(5it, ) the face, S>\t SDangc, the cheek. iPaS anttife, ) countenance. JDcc fflJunb, the mouth. Set Sto\)f, ) ,, , , ®« Jtinntnte, the jawbone. Ztii 'Qmpt, \ '^^^°- SnS Jtinn, the chin. 3)er ©(ijiSbet, the skull. Set ®aumen, the palate. Sie ©titnc, the forehead. 35cr SitJ^jc, the lip (pi. it.) SaS •Saar, the hair. Sie 3ungc, the tongue. * See Havet and SoHEUMPi''s " German Studies," Lessons 23 and 24, „!Ecr tttenf^tidjie Jlotper;" also pp. 3 to 6 of the same work, „©ie ffmf Siiint," „aSmitige bet Siiine." 10 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. Sie 35?nc, the teeth. Sic SHaftrOoi^n, the nostrils. Sec §o(S, the neck. 5>et Sltentogm, the elbow. 3)ie Jtc^Ie, the throat. Sa§ ^anbgctcnte, the wrist. S>K aSruji, the chest, ®re SPuK, the pulse. iBaS §crj, the heart. 3Hc fiani, the hand. Sic Sungc, the lungs. Scr Singer, the finger. ®cv ajlagcn, the stomach. Sic Slftgcl, the nails. Sic S^uttent, the shoulders. Sa§ ffiein, the leg. Ser aim, the arm. SaS Stmt, the knee. . Sic ®c[i(^t8fiirie, the ooraplexion. Sic SBabc, the calf. So5 atuge, the eye. Set guf, the foot. Sn8 augenlii, the eyelid. Ser Jtnoc(iet, the ankle. Sic 2Biiit|)crn, the lashes. Ser SRijl, the instep. Sie SlugcnSrouc, the eyebrow. Sic Serfc, the heel. SaS D^r, the ear. Sec SRiiaen, the back. Sie Slafc, the nose, Sie ©cite, the side. Set menf(^ttii)C SciS unb tie ffliif ®tnnc. — 'Set ajJenf^, " ©tc^t. 8 He takes hold of, &c., cc fafit on. * guf fo^tc. ° Turns. &c., i|l nadj) linK unb relets brc^Sot. 6 Set Oiet. unb ■gintcrt^cil. ? 3n cincm Scinerncn J?(i|lcn. ^ sg^^ 9 Qn each side the ears, ouf jebcr ®cite cin D^c. " Are shut, ftc, lonnen Dcrmittetfi: bet 5!lngcntibtr gefiJitoffen hjctben. '^ SBor. (I.) Man 1 holds himself upright on his feet. His head is 2 erect on his shoulders. He has two arms and two legs. He takes hold of ^ things with his * hands. The sole of his feet * rests on the ground. (11) The head turns to the right and to the left K The top and back ^ of the head are called the skuU. Upon it is the hair. Within the head is the brain, which is en- closed there as in a box of bone ''. This box secures it against^ blows. On the face are seen the eyes, nose, mouth, chin, and on each side the ears ^. The eyes are shut by means of the eyelids i", which shelter them from ^'• the air and too much light. * Translate, "with the hands." HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEBMAN. 11 i^Sie ©Hvnc. "Near him, in fetnec 31(1^. "SEcg. ^^ ^or^fai, '^ Are perceived, itatjmcn totr . . . H)(i|i'. '^ Ranged in two rows, in jttci SRei^m gcorbnet. ■'^ Wliicli are applied to one another, ttetcjit nuf etnantcr twffen. ^^ JJaiicu tuiv. ™ Subject last. ^^ Pos- sessive. '2 Sum. ^•'' Set Slttjem. -* Sie ©))ra(ijie. (III.) Above tlie eyes are the eyebrows ; higher still is the brow i^. Man sees with his "^ eyes what is near him 1^ ; he sees also what is not too far off ^*. The nose is between the eyes and the mouth; its two holes ^^ are called the nostrils ; with the nose are perceived ^^ smells. The mouth has two lips, which are both movable. Under the mouth is the chin. Within the mouth are the palate, the tongue, and the teeth. The teeth are fixed in the jawbones, and are ranged in two rows i'^, which are applied to one another 1^. With the teeth we grind ^^ our food; the tongue brings the food under the teeth, and at the same time the spittle moistens it ^^ ; it descends afterwards into the throat, and thence into the stomach. While food is in the mouth, the tongue and the palate feel the flavour of it 21. The mouth serves also f or ^^ speaking; the breath ^^ comes from the lungs ; the mouth, the lips, the tongue, the teeth, and the palate, form speech^*. (IV.) Man perceives smells by Ms nose ; tastes by his palate ; with his ears he hears sounds ; with his eyes he sees the colour and motion of bodies ; with his skin he touches them. All these means of perceiving the qualities of objects are called the senses. Thus man has five senses : * The Possessive Adjectives ntcin, kcin, fein, it. f. to., are' not so often used in German as in English ; they are commonly replaced by the article, when there is no douht of the person meant by the speaker, especially when parts of the body are spoken of — e.g., The king held the sceptre in his hand, in JEoiiio t;iett iaS ©cclJtre in tcr •Snnt. 12 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO REEMAN. sight, smell, taste, hearing, and touch. — Dr M'CaLLOCH's Reading Booh 8. LORD CHESTEEFIELD. Sotb ei|e|lctftctti. — i®vof. ^Unter. ' Celebrated /or, &o., ttcgcn fetncr fctnen ©ttten — repeat the possessive. * 3ur. '' 31n. " Though reprehensible for, &o., oBgtei^ mnn iljtim ®cl6(lfu(^t unb cine timai locfere SRt^tung Bortuetfcn tnnn. ' SSiltung. 8 g^arnftcr. ' SBetragen. On the twenty-fourth of April 1773, died in his seventy- ninth year, Philip Dormer, Earl ^ of Chesterfield, a noble- man who played a distinguished part in " the reign of George the Second, as courtier, diplomatist, and statesman. He was also celebrated for his polished manners ^, wit, and love of* literature. His "Letters to 'his Son" are generally known, and though reprehensible for selfishness and laxity ^, contain useful precepts for the improvement "^ of the mind, temper ^, and behaviour ^. — Wade's British History. 9. GREATNESS OF SOUL. ©ccUngrofc. — iSKncebomen. -Say, Slt8 3Uerantcr tct ©vofe, &c. 5 SPctfien. * SRaiijjte. '^ ©min^Un. « Now — might he — nun ^attc er jKBar. ' Made slaves of them, fie ju ©IJiiDcn mncjjcn liinncn. Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia i, having con- quered " Darius, king of Persia ^, took * an infinite number of prisoners, among others, the wife ^ and mother of of Darius. Now, according to the laws of war, he might" have made slaves of them'^; but he had too much HAVET'a ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 13 8 gljccntcictguiigcn. ^ Slcjitung. ^^ Slit fciner ©tatt. ^^ iBevne l^tevau?. 1* Sot ju joltcn. greatness of soul to make a bad use of his victory j he therefore treated them as queens, and showed them the same attentions** and (the same) respect^ as if he had been their subject ; (which), Darius hearing, said that Alexander deserved to be victorious, and that he was (pi-es.) alone worthy to reign in his stead ^^. Observe by this 11 how virtue and greatness of soul compel even enemies to bestow praise i^. — Lord Chesterfield's Letters to his Son. 10. JOSEPH THE SECOND AND THE OFFICES. Sofcl)^ bcr Stoctte unb i>er ojliet(ij)if(^c Offijict. — ^ De|ii'etcf)t« f^ec. ^ So^rgefo. ^ Unjuvri(i!)cnb. ^ To wait upon ... kern JJotftt fcine aiufttiortung ju mti^cn. " Entreated his compassion, tat i^n iim ©tSmmcnj fle^te fein Svtavmm an. 'Setcnbige. ^Joseph, &o.- Sofc))^ ttottte tuiffen, oi tie @ndj)e fic^ fo uerl^attc. >* SBertteibet. ^Stne 2Bnifc. ^'' From motives of charity, au8 SBJitleiben. ^^ Immediately ordered, lief auf ber ©telle . . . geBen. An old Austrian ^ oflScer, who had but a small pension ^, that was insufficient ^ for the demands of his family, came to wait on the emperor *. He explained his indigent con- dition, and entreated his compassion^, adding that he had ten children alive*. Joseph, desirous to know the certainty of this aifair '', went to the officer's house in disguise^, and instead of ten found eleven children. " Why eleven 1 " " It is a poor orphan ^," replied the officer, " that I took into my house from motives of charity i"." The prince immediately ordered ^^ a hundred florins to be given to each of the children. — Anonymous. 14 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 11, KLOPSTOOK. Jj:o())ioa. — igticbrii^ (Sotttoi. ^ aSurie. = 3u or in. ^^JroBiti) Snc^fm. ^ 5(!rcu5en. " SBivb. ' Juatly, mtt SReclfit. ^ SJer neucin, "Oben, f. '" SBcrbcn uetbtentermof en ju . . . gercdjmet. ^i Masterpieces, aRcijlcrlBEric. ^^ Sei I^rir(I;en Si^thtn^ (or ^ocfie). ^^ Set aJJcffiaS. " Although abounding in, oSf(|on tric^ an . . . ^^ Owing to, wegcn (gen.) ^^ More talked of, melpc gcnannt. Frederic Gottlob ^ Klopstock was ^ born on tlie second (of) July 1724, at^ Quedlinburg, province of Saxony* Prussia^, and died in Hamburg, Marcb 14tli, 1803. He is * justly "^ considered as tbe patriarch of tlie inodern ^ German poets. His " Odes " ^ deservedly rank i" among the masterpieces ^1 of lyric poetry i^. The "Messiah i^," although abounding 1* in splendid passages, is^, owing ^^ to its length, moBe talked ^^ of than read. — A. L. Becker. 12. FEEDEEICK THE GREAT AND THE SOLDIEE. gttctitd^ tci ®rofc uni) ber ©otiat. — ^ Paid so much attention to, &c., Sriebrit^ bcm ®ro^en lag fein ©artmgiment fo fe|r am •gcrjcn. 2 Soialb. 3 gincn 9Je!ruten. Frederick the Great paid so much attention to his regiment of Guards ^ that he knew personally every one of his soldiers. Whenever ^ he saw a fresh one ^, he used to put the three following questions to him: — "(1st.) How old are you ? (2d.) How^ long have you been* in my ser- * The Germans, as well as the French, employ the Present Tense to mark a state or action stUl going on at the time they speak, whereas the English use the compound form of the Past Tense ; hence we say here, 2Die Inngc ftnb ®tc f(^on in mctnctn iCicnjic? —See Havet's "French Class-Book," p. 317, No. 710. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 15 * ©tnb Sic mit anient ©ofte unl) mit S^i-et a3cl;nnblung gufcieben? ^©tcji jum Jjveupifc^en Sienjle ontocrSen Kep. ^Itnb ate 5ricbri(|) i^n gettal^i' toutbe. 'SBct. ^Inversion. ^Sunt Scufel! Ginet Bon un8 jttci muf8 BerrucEt fcin. ^"According to what he had been taught, toic man t^n gelel^vt l^ntte. ■'^3'lun. ^^3)of8 ciner mrincr ©olbnten mtdji cinm Slflrreit gel^eifen l^tit. is^eji; t„a8 mcm(l bu bmntt? "®et otme a3urfd)e. ^^Sfuf. ^3^ jtorifle ni^t. ^'SBeiben. vice (m.) ? {3d.) Are you satisfied witli your pay and treatment * ? " It happened "tliat a young Frenchman, who did not understand three words (of) German, enlisted into the Prussian service ^, and Frederick, on seeing him \ put the usual questions. The soldier had learnt the answers, but only in the order which the king generally followed. Unfortunately, on ^ this occasion Frederick began ^ by the second question, " How long have you been in my service ? " — " Twenty-one years," replied the Frenchman. — " What ! " said the king. " How old are you, then ? " — " One year,'' was the reply. — " Upon my word," said Frederick, "you or I must be mad^." — "Both," replied the soldier, according to what he had been taught ^".^ — " Well 11," said the astonished monarch, " this is the first time that I ever was called a madman by one of my guards ^^ : what do you mean by it, sir i^ ? " — ^The poor fellow 1*, seeing the king enraged, told him, in ^^ French, that he did not understand a word of German. — " Oh ! is it so ? " said Frederick ; " well, learn it as soon as possible, and I have no doubt ^^ you will make ^^ a very good soldier." — Sadlek's Versions. 16 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 13. FBEDEBIOE THE GBEAI AKD THE UILIiEB. Sttttrii^ tctOrofe unb bcrafiiiltcr. — ^ Imperf. Pass. ^Seigte. • SBcgna^m. * Ordered . . . into his presence, licp . . . »or )i(^i Icm< men. ^aBctcj^eit^PreiS nudji immcr. ^Sluf. 'SSBo^t. ^ 9 a^'tt ?<*«• ^° 3«aic|ist! man teilt m\^ jn ©tunke x^tm. ™ Whenever, tafs tucnn ... "^ ©otgm. and unable to speak a word. After having recovered ^^ a little, he fell at the feet of the king, and cried, " Your Majesty, my ruin is intended i' ! I know nothing of the money ! " The king quieted him, and said, "Know, my friend, whenever 2" fortune comes, it comes when we sleep ; send this money to your mother, and tell her that I will pro- vide 21 for you both." — Anonymous. 15. BION. 1 Was shown, tnon jeigtc. ^ Tables of pictures, aSotbfnfeln. s As, wcl^e. * Made vows, ®elui6e gema^t. ' How, nwe. * Ay, o jn. ' Have been drowned, cttninten iint. Bion was shown ^ in a temple of Neptune * many tables of pictures ^ of such as ^ had in tempests made vows * to Neptune, and were saved from shipwreck, and was asked, " How ^ say you now ? Do you not acknowledge the power of the Gods?" But saith he, "Ay°; but where are they painted that have been drowned^ after their vows 1 " — Bacon. 16. ORIGIN OF THE WOED "3TC0PHANT." UrftJi'ung t)c8 SBortcS » ©benfaas (last), ''i ©^mUjt ba8 Sifen tm ffcuer. "^ mn^xot^. 23 To bend, (l^ itcgeit — use Prea. Ind., or, matt fnnn . . . Kegen. and half-sovereigns are made of gold. This watch is gold *, and the picture-frames ^ are gUt with gold ". Here is leaf- gold. What is leaf-gold? It is gold beat very thin^, thinner than leaves of paper. Silver is white and shining. The spoons are * silver ; and crowns, and half-crowns, and shillings, and sixpences^, are made of silver. Copper is red. The kettle is made of copper ; and brass 1" is made of copper. Brass is bright and yellow, like gold ^1 almost. The saucepan ^^ is made of brass ; and the locks upon the doors ^^, and this candlestick. What is this* green upon the saucepan 1 It is rusty ; the green is verdigris " ; it would kill you ^^ if you were to eat it (weun . . baBon. . .) (II.) Iron is very hard. It is not pretty; but I do not know what we should do without it ^^, for it makes us a great many things ^'^. Go and ask the cook ^^ whether she can roast her meat without a spit ^^. But the spit is made of iron ; and so 2" are the tongs, and the poker, and shovel Go and ask Dobbin if he can plough without the ploughshare 1 He says no, he cannot (ec fagt 9lein). But the ploughshare is made of iron. Will iron melt in tlie fire ^^ ? Put the poker in and try. Well, is it melted? No ; but it is redhot "', and soft ; it will bend ^^. Iron will 22 HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. tl^ut er? iisginE @^„iet,j_ 29 jjgt_ 3° Slisgm um^re. »' ^ufnfen. ^^ To try, »etfu(!jicit. ^^ Some, cttoaS fcown. ^^ Covered with tin, itejinnt. melt in a very very 2* Lot fire when it has been in a great while ^K Come let us go to the smith's shop ^^. What is he doing 2^? He has a forge ^^i he blows the fire with a great pair of bellows {sing.) to make the iron hot. Now he takes it out with the tongs, and puts ^^ it upon the anvU. Now he beats it with a hammer. How hard he works! The sparks fiy about ^"j pretty bright sparks. What is the blacksmith making ? He is making naUs, and horse-shoes^^, and a great many things. — Steel is made of iron, and knives and scissors are made of steel. (III.) Lead is ■ soft, and very heavy. Here is a piece ; lift it. The spout is lead, and the cistern is lead, and buUetS are made of lead. WiU lead melt in the fire? Try ^^ ; put some ^^ on the shovel ; hold it over the fire. Now it is aU melted. Pour it into this basin of water. How it hisses ! What pretty things it has made ! Tin is white and seft. It is bright too. The canisters, and the dripping-pan, are aU covered with tin ^*. Quicksilver is very bright like sUver; and it is very heavy. See how its runs about ! you cannot catch it. You cannot pick it up. There is quicksilver in the barometer. Gold, Silver, Copper, Iron, Lead, Tin, Quicksilver, are all Metals. They are all dug out of the ground. — Mrs Baebauld. HAVBT's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 23 20, RELATIONSHIP EXTEAORDINAEY. » SKcrltDurbtge aScftuanbtfdjiaft. — ^I got acquainted with, ii^ mac^jlte bie a3efanntf(!^aft cinec ... ^ @tiefito(^tec. ' 33/ !§riratl|ete bie SEBittoc. * Jtutj bcrtauf. " Fell in love with, »erlieite fii^ in kie, &c. ^©c^toicgetmuttre. " Unb gugtct^. ' ®(i^toicgertod!>ter. ^ ©ticfmuttcr. ' ©ticfMter. 1" ©tieftrubct. " ©ci^waget. ^^ ggeij j^. jji„5 ©tieffdjitociier gut iJvou ^ot. ■ 1' EnW. I got acquainted with. ^ a young widow, wto lived with her stepdaughter ^ in the same house. I married K My father fell, shortly after it *, in love with ^ the stepdaughter of my wife, and married her. My wife became the mother- in-law* and also" the daughter-in-law'' of my (own) father ; my wife's stepdaughter is my stepmother ^, and I am the stepfather ^ of my mother-in-law. My stepmother, who is the stepdaughter of my wife, has a boy: he is naturally my stepbrother ^"j because he is son of my father and of my stepmother ; but because he is son of my wife's stepdaughter, so is my wife the grandmother of the little boy, and I am the grandfather of my stepbrother. My wife has also a boy ; my stepmother is consequently the stepsister of my boy, and is also his grandmother, because he is the child of her stepson; and my father is the brother-in-law ^^ of my son, because he has got his step- sister for a wife i^. I am the brother of my own son, who is the son of my stepmother, I am the brother-in-law of my mother, my wife is the aunt of her own son, my son is the grandson 1^ of my father, and I am my own grand- father. — Harper's Magazine. k * See Havet and Sohrumpp's " German Studies," Lesson 12, „Ste fficttoanbtfcjinft." 24 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 21. MOZAET AND HAYDN." anojntt unb <3(t^bn. — '3n ©cfetlfdjinft. ''Set crftctE— to lefetcrt, or, jenec — ticfev. "2Gettcte, with the Aoo. * Champagne, fn'W; „®djranH)anitv." ^ That he would not play at sight a piece of music, fcog cv tin anuritpud . . . nicjjt oom Blatte tteg fpictm K'ltnc. ^ Jlnd^ttm cr »)ratutirt '^aiic. ' 21n ben iciben Snbcn. * ©Diettc bie Slote mit b« Slofc. " Itnb iebctmnnn ixtie^ iit Sacl;m tmS. ^° 3loi^ ta(i)erli(i!)er. " Sine Cpjott IKlfc. Mozart and Haydn being t at a party i, the former ^ laid a wager ^ of six bottles (of) champagne* with the latter ^ that he would not play at sight a piece of music ^ which he (Mozart) would compose. Haydn accepted the chal- lenge, and Mozart speedily wrote down a few notes and presented them to Ilaydn, who, having played a prelude % exclaimed, " How do you think I can J. play that ? My hands are at each extremity ^ of the piano, and there is at the same time a note (f.) in the middle." — "Does that stop you?" said Mozart. "Well, you shall see." On coming to the difficult passage, Mozart, without stopping, struck § the note^ in the middle of the piano with his nose, and every one burst out laughing ^. What made the act more ridiculous ''■" was, that Haydn had a flat nose ^i, while Mozart's was a long one. Haydn therefore paid for ■ * SDlojart, gcSoten ;u ©atjljurg 1756-1791. •6a^bn, ctn miggescidjjnetcr JfomlJonip, ttiurbc tm Sn^rc 1732 getovm unb 1inri im Sa^re 1809. 3J}oj(ii-t, Serutjmt ScfonbcrS but(!!) fcine mctokitreitfjcn Optxn ; ^aijin burdj; feine ©Ijm. tj^omcn unb Ovatorien. See " German Studies," Lesson 68, „SS£in bcc SJiurit." + The participle to be replaced by the corresponding finite verb with the conjunction ntS. X Compare Havet and SoHRUMPf's " First German Book,'' 41st lesson. No. 2. § " Struct Mozart," &o. See " German Studies," Lesson 7. HAVJET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 25 '^ ®ctnc8 ®tM tLe smallness of his nasal protuberance i^ six bottles (of) cliampagne. — Anonymous. 22. "THE SHIP AT ANCHOR." A TAVERN. ,53(13 @c(iiff Boc ainlcv." eiiie ®(^cn!c. — ^ smai^ite . . . ini (Sflubbe. ^ Ungcfftlji' cin 3nl;r nticS^n: ^ Took place, enti>nnn fii^. * 'gotlci, ■§m6 : ®u I;icr ttun atnerita? ^ gin (StoSdjicii. « i8ci bcr JtStte. ' 3c(i IiiJiii nidfit. sPasstlie . . . (in(Dat.)Boi'uScrgc^En. " Sinm ©cfjtiicf. '" E8 gctjt nm. ^'^ 3ci(i iiit ^tet gef(i()li)i)ttcn. ^^ SBie ku ju tt;uit tflcgfejl, or, w'ic fcii^et. ^' SKcin 3ungc. " Sie ®efd;H)uIji luicb tafc a6ntl;incn. A sailor who was in the habit of spending all his money at the public-house, one day made a vow i to be temperate in future, and kept it. About a twelvemonth afterwards ^, he met with an old friend, and the following conversation took place ^ between them : — Petee. Hollo, Jack ! here you are, back from America*. Jack. Yes, Master Peter. Petek. Won't you come in, and have a glass ^ (of some- thing) this cold day " ? Jack. No, Master Peter, no ! I cannot (drink) ^. Peter. What, Jack, can you pass® the door of the "Ship at Anchor'' without taking a cup' with your friends ? Jack. Impossible,^'' Master Peter, I have a swelling here ^^^ ; don't you see it ? Peter. Ah ! that is because you don't drink your grog as you used to do ^^. Drink, my boy,!^ and the swelling will soon go down ^*. 26 havbt's engush into geeman. " ©a '^tibt tt)t mei)t. w !Dtc t(^ mir gc^ott. " Siaimi^, t.af«ii?» an bem „®(iS)if »ot antcv" BonilJa'ftcucric. ^^ To drink— or, baS Srinlen— in the latter case put the verb last. ^^ aufammenscftiart. ^° I mean to go on doing it, iS/ Bin fe|i entfi^tolTcn, fo fortjufn^ten. ^^ Seigcn ju Knncn. Jack. You are quite rigM there i^ ! [He pulls out of HIS POCKET a large LEATHERN PUKSE FULL (of) MONEY.] There 's the swelling which I have given myself ^^ by steer- ing* clear of" the "Ship at Anchor." If I begin drink- ing 1^ again, it will soon go down ; there is not the least doubt of that. Pbtee. Is it possible that you have saved ^^ so much money, Jack? Jack. It is, indeed, and I mean to go on doing it 2" ; and when I pass the "Ship at Anchor'' after my next voyage, I hope to show ^^ you a new swelling on the other side. — Anonymous . 23. THE GLOW-WOEM. Scf Scuci^ttourm. — 'What, &c. 2Bo8 fur ein gtuitcv Icu^itcnbet SPunlt ifl bci8 ? ^ 3lu(iS) eincv unb bort nodji Etner. ' ®ic Bemegen fic^. ■* 68 fie^t aii8 toic taufcnbcS geutr. ■* iDie ®ingre. ^ iBawn. ' !Dte. s gj 6vciint bicji niii^t. What is that spot of green light ^ under the hedge? See, there is another, and another ^ ! Ah, they move ^ ! How fast they run about ! Is it fire ? it is like wild-fire * ; they ^ are like little stars upon the ground. Take one of them ^ in your '' hand ; it will not burn you^. * Corresponding conjunction with the Impf. Indie. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 27 ' Siiji '^libt Settee in bet ■§anb. " Jtnum, or, faji gat mtS)t mel|t. ^^ aJJan mnnt. '^ ®ic6t (giJt) e8. ^^ 2Bcit. " You may see to read, &c., ^at mnit jluct obev brei bwon Scifammeii, fo !ann man iet intern Siii^te tefen. ^° ®te ^ci^ett. How it moves about in my tand ! my hand lias fire in it I* "What is it? Bring it into the house ; bring it to the candle. Ah, it is a little worm ; it hardly shines at all i" now. It is called ^^ a glow-worm. In some countries there are ^^ insects which fly about in the summer evenings, and give a great deal i' more light than the glow-worm ; you may see to read by two or three of them together i*. They are called ^^ fire-flies. — Mes Baebauld. 24. HISTORY OP -COTTON. Die (Scf(|it(ijitc bet SBaumtBoItc. — ^ SBaumtoottjiofe, fab. made o£ cotton. 2 Dates very far back, ifi fe^t niten Utf))ninge8. ^ 3u ■getobct'S 3citcn. (I.) The word cotton t, which is adopted in all the modern languages of Europe, is derived from an Arab word. The use of fabrics' made from cotton ^ dates very far back ^. In the time of Herodotus ^ all (the) Indians *,Iu phrases like the above the Germans employ the definite article instead of the possessive adjective. Thus, also, when in English a. father says to his child, "Go to your mother," it must be rendered in German by ®t^' gut (ju bet) abutter. 3u „beinec SBJuttcr" would imply that the speaker was not the child's father. f Cotton, In German the word „33aumlootte" is in use both for the raw and the worked material. „.Sattun," however, is also used for cotton-cloth. 28 HAVEt's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. * aSov E^vifliiS. ' There were, gn* e8. ^ JtottunlscScteien, manu- factories of cotton tissues. ' Sn ©g^))tett uni) araSicn. ^ Not . . . great use, feinen gropen ®eitn\l(^. ' Did not commence until after, pngcn cijl nn^ ... an . . . ju spfanjen. ' 3n brc Jtrim unb in ©fib. 8!iifetnnb. i"®eit(Dat.) " gingefutjvt. " Uetettraf bre Jtattun Bon, &c. '^iSen nu8 bent Orient. "Die Jt(iUunfn6rifen. ^^ Date, &c., fmb ju Slnfang be8 uierje^ntcn So^i-ljunbcrtt entjinnben. ^' Sie crflcn bernrtigcn Slnjlnlten luotcn jn 2)!(iilanb unb SBenebig. "■ SDlon nimmt an. " a3aum> lODttentuaaven. ^' Of some being, citufi^nt cinigc ju SBoIton . . wore* cotton garments. In the first century before Christ * there were ^ manufactories of cotton tissues ^ in Egypt and Arabia ', but the Greeks and the Eomans do not appear to have made great use of them. The Chinese did not commence cultivating (the) cotton- (plant) until after * the conquest of the Tartars in the thirteenth century ; and at that same period cotton tissues formed an important article of commerce in the Crimea and Southern Eussia', whither they were brought from Turkestan. Fromi" the tenth century, the Arabs had naturalised i^ the cotton-plant in Spain ; and in the fourteenth, the cotton-cloths of Grenada surpassed ^^ in reputation those of the East". (II.) The manufactories of cotton goods '^* in Italy date as far back as the commencement of the fourteenth cen- tury i^, the first establishments being at Milan and Venice i^. It is presumed '^'' f that there were at that period manu- factories for cotton goods ^^ in England, as Deland, who lived in the time of Henry VIII, , speaks of some being i^ " Inversion. When an adveriiaZ expression of any kind begins the sentence, the Germans put the verb before the subject ; hence, trngcn aXit, etc. See "German Studies," Lesson 7. + In German, as in French, the passive voice is frequently cir- cumscribed by man, with the 3d pers. sing. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 29 »» Ein iParJcmentsBcf^tup. at Bolton-oh-the-Moor, and an Act of Parliament 2" of 1552, under Edward VI., mentions the cotton tissues of Manchester, Lancashire, and Cheshire. — Anonymous. 25. GRATITUDE. !I)(inI6avf ctt. — i Translate : when the famous Oriental philosopher as slave received from, &c. '^ 3lp er fie \tiofa(^ ganj auf. ^ For you, Dat., tir. * SoiO/' eine. ^ Put in tuenn. " £Der •5err fu^tte f\^ imify tiefe Slnttooit beS ©Hauen fo icttojfcn. ' Article. The famous Eastern philosopher, Lokman, while a slave, being presented ^ by his master with a bitter melon, immediately ate it all ^. " How was it possible," said his master, " for you ^ to eat so nauseous * a fruit 1 " Lokman replied : " I have received so many favours from you, that it is no wonder^ I (should) once in my life eat a bitter melon from your hand." (verb last.) This answer of the slave struck the master to such a degree ^ that he immediately gave him his ^ liberty. With such sentiments should man receive his portion (of) sufferings at' the' hand of God. — Bishop Horne. 26, BERLIN.* SPertiit.— '^Dle crfle StdM. 'iDc8 beutfiiSieii SRei^eS. 'Is situated, Itcgt. (I.) Berlin, the capital of Prussia, and the metropolis ^ of the German empire ^, is situated ' on the small river * See Havet and ScHRUMPp's "German Studies," Lesson 46, „5Me Sffltf" (aSevUn). 30 HAVKT's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. * In the midst of, mitten in eincr. ' Some of its parts rival, tit eingelnen S^citcn iDcttrifctt pc • . • mit— ' iBie JgoujJtfitofe. ' S)ut;($3angc. ^SBefefet. s auf Jeibm ©citen. "SBlufcum, Plur., SJhtftcn. " SBcrtcn Wcgcn . . fe'^r gcjJTOfen. ■'' Of many persons, &o., uietet in »«• f(!j)tebencn Stucigcn tct aUijlfenf^oft auggcjcidfineter 3H5nner, unb ciner giofen Slnjal^t »on fieutcn, kic p(!j) SerufSmSfig mit in Siterohiv ief(ijiafiigcn. '• 3m So^rc. " ffitlief pe ficfl. ^' 3luf. i" It will have run up, tuirt fi£ . . . crrcid^t I;aBcn. i' !Bte tcgelmaf ig in SBeilin pel^enbe SKiIitorma($t. ■'^ Com- prise, umfaji't. ^^ 9lC(er SBaffmgattungen. Spree, in the midst of * a flat and sandy plain. Berlin is a handsome city, and some portions of it rival ^ in archi- tectural magnificence any of the European capitals. The principal street ^, "Unter den Linden," is divided into five* avenues ' by rows of lime, chestnut, and other trees, and is lined ' on either side ^ by splendid palaces and public buildings. The royal library contains more than 600,000 volumes and 14,000 manuscripts. The museums i" of Berlin are much celebrated ^^ for their splendid anti- quarian collections. Berlin forms at the same time the literary capital of Germany, and is the residence of many persons of eminence in various branches of science i^, and of a great number of individuals professionally devoted to the pursuit of literature. The University of Berlin ist frequented by 2000 students. (II.) In 13 1700 the population of Berlin was not more than 28,500 ; in 1740, when Frederic II. became king of Prussia, it was 98,000 ; in 1786, when Frederic died, it amounted i* to i= 148,000 ; now it will soon have run upi^ to a million. The standing military forces garrisoned in Berlin ^'^ comprise ^^ about 25,000 men of all arms i^. * There being a douhle row of trees, there are five avenues, the side-ways Included. t toirt, Pres. Pass. HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GSBEMAN. 31 ^'Jtunjlcrjtugmjic, 3JJanufa(turcn. ''^Umfnffen. ''^ 2Botunter. ^'SDaoren. ^* arttM oue, &o. ^ Of both useful, &c., m^Wijn fottol^I, toie jurSterke btencnbct ®egm|iftnbc. ^^ •ganbtoevlet. ^ SBcrten . . , gctoit. ^ ®ifen» Ba^iKit- ^° Utit mit ten ®rof jlfibteit. (III.) The manufactures^" of Berlin include ^^ a great variety of articles, of which ^^ woollen, silk, and cotton goods 2^, with porcelain and cast-iron works 2*, are the most important. For the last especially, which comprise a great variety of both useful and ornamental articles -', the artisans ^^ of this city are particularly celebrated ^^. Numerous railway lines ^^ connect Berlin with the different provinces of the kingdom, and the great capitals ^^ of the Continent. — Anonymous. 27. THE YOTTNG PHILOSOPHER. it)£i Itctnc jp^ttofo))]^- — ^To ride by one's self, attcin auSmteu, * When, dismounting, ate, ira^venb cr aj|lteg . . . ^ ®i^ toSrifS. ^ He followed, er tief t^itt ntiSj. ' But on his approach, oScr foJatb cv fW; nal^erte. « Take the finite verb. ' 2I!a8 »orging, put in unb, &c. . . . * Made a turn, pdji iog. * ©tettte jiiSj) bem SPferbc in ben SZBcg. ^^ G8. I. Mr Lovel was one morning riding by himself ^ when, dismounting ^ to gather a plant in the hedge, his horse got loose ^, and galloped away (before Mm). He followed*, calling the horse by name, which stopped, but on his ap- proach ^ set off again. At length a little boy in a neigh- bouring field, seeing ^ the affair ', ran across where the road made a turn % and getting before the horse ^, took him 1" by the bridle, and held him till his owner came up. Mr L. looked at the boy, and admired his ruddy, cheerful countenance. 32 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 11 Sunge. ^^ Thou hast my horse very cleverly (gcfcj)iilt) caught, "r/jehand. "saSivffic!)? i' Urn fo. "S(i8. i' ®nge mir. "Sie tie Sfutten-uJen f«ffen. " SSei bem. ^o s^ciiSitejl tu ni(^t ttcScr ftiiclen? =1 No hard work. «2 Who sen* you. ^'' iBcv aSatre. =^ To live inthe sense of to reside : luo^ncn. "^ S)(i bi'uSeii gtoif^^en bm SBftumcn. ^^ 2Bie l^eift re? .^ 3luf SDKdjiaeliS : say, at Michaelmas shall I become eight, t(^ toerte. "Thank you, my good lad"," said he; "you have caught my horse very cleverly i^. What shall I give you for your trouble?" putting his^^ hand into Ms pocket. " I want nothing, sir," said the boy. Mr L. Don't you"? so much the^^ better for you. Few men can say as much ^^. But, pray ^'', what were you doing in the field ? Boy. I was rooting up weeds, and tending the sheep that are feeding on the turnips ^^ Mr L. And do you like this employment ? B. Yes, very well, this ^' fine weather. Mr L. But had you not rather play 2° ? B. This is not 21 hard work; it is almost as good as play. Mr L. Who set you ^^ to work ? B. My daddy ^\' sir. Mr L. Where does he live 2* 1 B. Just by, among the trees there ^^ Mr L. What is his name^e? B. Thomas Hurdle. Mr L. And what is yours 1 B. Peter, sir. Mr L. How old are you ? B. I shall be eight at Michaelmas ^, HAVEt'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 33 «8 To the dinner. ^^ SBaS ijl tai ? Mr L. How long have you been (already) out in this field*? B. (Ever) since six in the morning. Mr L. And are you not hungry 1 B. Yes ; I shall go to my dinner ^^ soon. Mr L. If you had sixpence now, what wovild you do with it ? B. I don't know ; I never had so much in my life. Mr L. Have you no playthings ? B. Playthings ! what are those ^^ i * 9hin 511m ffieifpict. ^StxdfeX — French toupie. ^©jjieten. ^Nothing else, fonfl nic^ts.. ^ "Six tas, ttiaS i(^ l^aSe. ^ To bring up, fjcimbtingen. Mr L. Such as^ balls, ninepins, marbles, tops^, and wooden horses. B. No, sir ; but our Tom makes footballs to kick ^ in the cold weather, and we set traps for birds; and then I have a pair of stilts to walk through the dirt with ; and I had a hoop, but it is broken. Mr L. And do you want nothing else*? B. No ; I have hardly time for those ° ; for I always ride the horses to field, and bring up ^ the cows, and run * The Germans use the presmt tense in connection with the word fifon or feit for the English perfect or compound tense when the latter expresses that the action or condition still continues, especially in the question Sow long! and the answer to it : How long have you been in England ? — 2Bic tangc ftni ©it fdjicn in Engtant ? I have been here three years, — 3ft im feit Urt Sa^teit ^iet. See No, 12. 34 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ' £Ka(!^E ®Sngt nai^ ter ©tabt. ^ Translate— And the gingerbread, I like not much, cfe iO/ nii^t felpr gctn. " A pie now and then, l^ie mi fca ctnen Jlu^cit. " SBenfo. " -gfitteli bu m§t getm. ^^ g8 licgt mir ntdjjM bavan. i* ®anj. " I had as lief have none at all, idfi l^attc tieiet gat !dncn. ■'^ Sc btuSt mi(i^. to the town for errands ' ; and that is as good as play, you know. Mr L. Well, but you could buy apples or gingerbread at the town, I suppose, if you had money ? B. Oh ! I can get apples at home ; and as for ginger- bread, I don't mind it much % for my mother gives me a pie now and then ^, and that is as i" good. Mr L. Would you not like ^^ a knife to cut sticks ? B. I have one — ^here it is; brother Tom gave it me (Dat.) *. Mr L. Your shoes are fuU of holes — don't you want a better pair ? B. I have a better pair for (art.) Sundays. Mr L. But these let in water. B. Oh, I don't care for that 12. Mr L. Your hat is aU ^^ torn, too. • B. I have a better at home ; but I had as lief have none at aU 1*, for it hurts my head ^^. Mr L. What do you do when it rains 1 B. If it rains very hard, I get under the hedge till it is over. Mr L. What do you do when you are hungry before it is time to go home t B. I sometimes eat a raw turnip. * Compare Havet and SoHRDMpr's " First Qerman Book," 50th lesson, p. 92. HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 35 ^^ JDenle nt^t iaxxa. ^' Little fellow, Sungc. ■'^ Quite a, etn gonjre. " SDie meincn ©ie iaS ? =» ^eif t. =^ S«t($t2 fflofeS l^offentli^. ^^ Tou seem to want nothing at all, ku fiijieinfl gnc leine SBtbutfhtjfe gu ^flieii- ^' 35it Sttutptiffe gu ma(:Sicn. =* SSraueJSicn. ^^ Sin at'C»a3u(^. "^ anWajfen. " To think one a, etnen fut ctniiia fatten. ^ I wiU, 3(i. ^' Good- bye, Slkieii! (pronounced as in French.) Mr L. But if there are none ? B. Then I do as well as I can : I work on, and never think of it 16. Mr L. Are you not dry sometimes this hot weather 1 B. Yes ; but there is water enough. Mr L. Why, my little fellow ^'', you are quite a i* philo- sopher ! B. Sir"? Mr L. I say you are a philosopher, but I am sure you do not know what that means ^^. B. No, sir — no harm, I hope ^^ 1 Mr L. No, no ! (laughing). Well, my boy, you seem to want nothing at all ^^, so I shall not give you money to make you want anything ^^. But were you ever at school? B. No, sir ; but daddy says I shall go after harvest. Mr L. You will want ^* books, then ? B. Yes ; the boys have all a spelling-book ^^ and a New ' Testament. Mr L. Well, then, I will give ^^ you them. Tell your daddy so, and that it is because I thought you ^J, a, very good little boy. So now go to your sheep again. B. I will 28, sir. Thank you. MrL. Good-bye 29, Peter. B. Good-bye, sir. J, Aikin, 36 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 28. THE SUN.* Sic ©cnne.— ^3i!^ ge!§e . . . auf. 'i In at your winaow, jit bciium ^ffmflct t;incm. ' aiifjufie^en. '' Zamit iu, Subj. . . . '* ©oiitcvn. ' Sine tiidjitigc Steifenbe. ' I travel all over, t(^ umtunnttc, Ac;. ' And I send forth, &c., id) fenbc meine ©trnt^len nteratt i^in, nac^i ailm Siidc tungen. » 3i^ Bcfdfieine. " Second person singular or plural. ^' 06f», (t(i8). " D(i8 Oetreite. " I am up, &o., i^ tin fc^r 1jo(^ toSm ant Sinimcl. ^* If I were to come, tocnn i^ . . ! jme. ^^ 3)it or cue;}). '"aStr . . . "llmr;ut(e mir tas §aut)t. ^^anidji anfcBm. "Supply •' in the sky," am J&immct. (I.) I rise 1 in the east ; and when I rise, then it is day. I look in at your window ^ with my bright golden eye, and tell you when it is time to get up ' ; I do not shine for you to * lie in your bed and sleep, but ^ I shine for you to get up and work, and read, and walk about. I am a great traveller ^ ; I travel all over ' the sky ; I never stop, and I never am tired. I have upon my head a crown of bright beams, and I send forth my rays everywhere ^- I shine upon ^ the trees and the houses, and upon the water ; and everything looks sparkling and beautiful when I shine upon it. I give you i" light, and I give you heat. I make the fruit ^^ ripen, and the corn ^^ ripen. I am up very high in the sky i^, higher than all trees, higher than the clouds. If I were to come ^^ nearer you i^, I should scorch you to death, and I should burn up ^^ the grass. (II.) Sometimes I take off my crown of bright rays, and wrap up my head t in ^^ thin silver clouds ; and then you may look at me i^. But when there are no clouds i', and I shine with all ray brightness at noonday, you * See Havet and Sohrumpf's " German Studies," Lesson 69, „aSijn ter Sljltonomic." t'Saujit is used figuratively, and in solemn or reverential lan- guage ; J?o))f is the common expression. See " German Studies," page 69, note 1, HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 37 '8 SBtenben. ^^ Going to, Ijnte ; or, tocnn icji tm aSegciffc tin, aufjugc^^m. '" Sticgt lie 8er(^e in tic Jjij^e miv entgegcn. "^ SieHiiSji. ^'^ Die StebccmauS. '' 3n i^re ©niten unb •§ot;Tcn. "* In all places, iinM. '^ Sluf bcr gdnjen @tbc. "^ S)ai man . . fe^en tann. cannot look at me ; for I should dazzle ^^ your eyes, and make you blind. Only the eagle* can look at me then : the eagle with his strong piercing eye can gaze upon me always. And when I am going ^^ to rise in the morning, and make (it) day, the lark flies up in the sky to meet me ^"j and sings sweetly ^^ in the air, and the cock crows loud to tell everybody that I am coming ; but the owl and the bat ^^ fly away when they gee me, and hide themselves in old walls and hollow trees ; and the lion and the tiger go into their dens and caves ^^, where they sleep all the day. I shine in all places -* : I shine in England, and in France, and in Spain,, and all over the earth ^^. I am the most beautiful and glorious creature that can be seen in the whole world ^^. — Mes Barbauld. 29. HAMBUBG, •6(im6ui'3. — ' 5)cv •§au))tt;iifcn. ^ Itfcr. '^ DSerfintt. * Its mouth, i^i-cr aniinbung, Gen. '' Die fc^UBctfien ©ccfdjiiffe. ^ Sin bie ©tabt ^evnn, (I.) Hamburg, the great seaport-' of Germany, and one of the most important commercial cities in the world, is situated on the right or north bank^ of the Elbe, 15 German miles above ^ its mouth*. The river being deep, vessels of the largest size * come quite up to the town*. (Art.) Great part of Hamburg was consumed by a * 2!cv Slbttr — plur. bie Slblev; or, bev Slnv, bie Slnve. 38 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO 6EEMAN. ' gr|l(inben. » S>im. » ffici bem 2Btebcrauf6au. i" aSetMentetmafcn. " 3u . . . i&^U. 12 Sin J6««bcl. " umfafft otte artiM kc8 teutf(^en Kin. unb SJluSfu^t^onbete. " anfe^nttcipe ©ffiejlrom (m.) i« aJJaffcrfhof e. ^•'Sluf. I'Sffiawcn. i8s8ciauft ftii^ auf. "Principal branches, ^aiHitjtoeigc. 2» SBon Stml bent ®ro^en. ^^ Stiftetc. '"-Zm . . . ^anfnSuni), or, tic . . . •ganfa. ^ aSettraten. ^* 5DHt ctnem . . . 6cttn^6atten ©cSiete. terrible conflagration in 1842. A new and handsome city has risen' out of the ashes of (art.) old Hamburg; for' in rebuilding 8 the parts then destroyed, great im- provements were made in the arrangement of the streets and general character of the houses, so that Hamburg now deservedly i" ranks among ^^ the finest cities in Europe. (II.) The trade 12 of Hamburg* which is immense, embraces every article of German commerce, both in the way of import and export ^\ and the noble i* river Elbe is the great channel ^^ by^^ which these various com- modities 1^ are conveyed. The value of the import only amounts to ^^ about 400,000,000 of doUars annually. Hamburg has also considerable manufactures. The prin- cipal branches ^^ in this respect are sugar-refining, brewing, and distilling ; the manufacture of tobacco, cigars, and snuff j hat-making and dyeing. (III.) The city was founded by Charlemagne 2" in 803, and in the 13th century, together with Lubeck, estab- lished ^1 the historically famous Hanseatic League ^^, which a great many other towns acceded to ^\ Hamburg, with a small adjacent ^^ territory, forms stiU a free city and independent state of the German Empire. Its inhabitants ♦•^amSutgS or Son ^atnSurg. When names of towns or countries end in S, ; or x, no termination can be added. Hence we can only say : btc ©ttafm son SPartS. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 39 2* Untcrnc^mungSgciji. "= aSatcrlonbSHcSe. are distiBguished by their energy, enterprise^*, intelligence, and patriotism ^^. 30. CHARLEMAGNE AS A LE&ISLATOE * Savl bcr ©rofie aU (Scfclgefier. — ^ Sl^iiten. ^Surfl. ' Ses ffi'anJeniEti^eS. ^ JDctt SSeinomett „ber @ro^e." ^ Both — and, fotoo^t aie ou(|i. ' Dat. ' ipi))in bem Jturjen. * Siom. " Mm SBeil^iicu^tsfefie. "Saai^m. " ©eineS wetten . . . i2sgjjgij„_ is 3ttjiuiJen. "Singular. 1^ ©eiite einjigen 3lnfi!ru(i^e auf . . . i^ That which, toaS. " Whereby he substituted . . . luobunf re Dtinung onfiatt bre ®efe|tofig!eit (ainard^te) cinfu^rte. ^' ©tamme. is Se3. ^o Abbot, Slit, aeBte. (Charles I., sumamed Charlemagne on account of his great actions i, was ' the most illustrious prince ^ of the Frankish mon- archy^. He deserved the name of Great * both' as a statesman and a conqueror. He succeeded his father «, Pepin the Short', in 768, was proclaimed Emperor of the West in Kome^ on Christmas-day^, in the year 800, and died in 814 at Aix-larChapeUe i°, the capital of his vast" empire. That empire included Trance, Belgium i'', Germany, Upper Italy, and (art.) part of Spain. That mighty monarchy was dismembered ^^ during the reigns" of the feeble successors of Charlemagne). The exploits and conquests of this great monarch are by no means his only titles to ^^ admiration and respect. That which ^^ raises him above all the sovereigns of his age is the wisdom of his legislation, whereby he substituted order for anarchy i^, and bound together as one people a multitude of races ^^ differing in origin, language, man- ners, customs, and religion. Twice a^^ year he convoked a kind of parliament or national assembly, consisting of bishops, abbots 2°, and lay * See Havet and ScHEUMPr's " German Studies," page 62, „Jf(tvl ber ®«fe." 40 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. "^ Lay representatives, au8 aScrtrctern ou8 bent SniEnftnnbe. '^ Jtat)itu< torim. ^' In order to, &c., Sle^tung ju Derfc^ofen. '^^ District, ®ou— plur. ®nuc. 2= ©Enbtoteii. "' ©otttcn. '''' ©o grop. ^s gifo;. representatives ^^, to remedy abuses, and deliberate upon his laws, called Capitularies ^^ *. In order to make his laws respected ^^, he divided his ■whole empire into districts ^*, confiding the authority of each district t to three or four magistrates and envoys ^, who ■frere expected ^^ to report to him everything of moment. And such ^^ was his diligence '^, that he made it his business to become acquainted with every political movement of his whole empire. — Dk C. Brewer's History of France. 31. MAN PROPOSES, GOD DISPOSES. 3)cr 3Kcnf(ij) bentt, (Soft lentt. — ^ Scji Berifec, fjobe cin SSevmcgen son. " I am now worth ^ one hundred thousand pounds,'' said old Gregory, as he ascended a hill, part of an estate he had just purchased. " I am now worth one hundred thousand pounds, and I am but sixty-five years of age, (I am) hale and robust in * Capitularies, from the Latin capitulum, a chapter; German, JtaflJitel. The laws of the Frankish kings are so called because they were divided into chapters or sections. t District, ®ou — plur. ®auc. The expression is still extensively to be met with in Southern Germany, as, SSteiSgau (in Baden); aBoSgau (VoBgee). Those magistrates were called ©rnfcii (old Germ, ©rotten, i.e., grey-haired men, elders). The modern word ®iaf for count is of the same origin. Tlie envoys had the official title of ©cnbSoten, or, Latin being then much in use, Missi regii or dominici. — A. L. Becker. HAVETS ENGLISH INTO GEEM AN. 41 ' 1 am hale, &c. , ici^ 6in frifd; unb gefunb (or 6m »on gefunbcu 1111* h-aftiget Set6c«Bcf(i!)0|fm]5eit). ^unj, ,nij ^^^j f,.;,, i(,jyj„. 433^, egj^f 8 Sine SanncntJfrimjmig. ' Come down, oigerilfen tneiben. ^ jjyj s a)a^ ift tt;re ®a^e. 1° !Darf. ^' So returned old Gregory. '' aj tui^tig ju ?la(J)t. " SGafct. " SBo ftc ttarra. 1= Stiii SBacjic. is gj|,„j„ fit?) u6et. , my constitution ^ ; so I '11 eat and I '11 drink, and live merrily^ all tlie days of my life." " I am now worth one hundred thousand pounds," said old Gregory, as he attained the summit of a hill which commanded* a full prospect of ^ his estate ; " and here,'' said he, " I '11 plant an orchard ; and on that spot I '11 have a pinery^." " Yon farmhouses shall come down '^," said (art.) old Gregory ; " they interrupt my view." " Then what will become of the farmers ?" asked the steward who attended him. " That is their business ^," answered old Gregory. " And that mill must i" not stand on the stream,'' said old Gregory. " Then how will the villagers grind their corn 1 " asked the steward. " That 's not my business,'' answered old Gregory. So old Gregory 11 returned* home — ateahearty supp&i^ — drank a bottle of port (wine) — smoked two pipes of tobacco — and fell ^^ into a profound slumber, from which ■he never more awoke. The farmers reside on their lands^* ■ — the mill stands upon the stream ^^ — and the villagers all rejoice in i^ his death. — Anonymous. * Whenever an adverbial expression o£ any kind begins the sen- tence, the verb must precede the subject. — See " German Studies," Lesson 7. 42 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 32. GASCONADES. ©aSconnabctt ((Stopftjtci^ereien). — "^ Gascogne. ^Have long been celebrated, finb Wngli Sefannt. ^ ZmS) il^tc totjigctt ipto^teteien. * ®aS' tonia. ° 3um (verb first). « ©tfiSe. ' Adject, in iftiji. ^ ^elbcn. t^atcn. " 3Ronn. " With nothing else but . . . au8f(i^Iiefltc^ mit 1' iScrt ©(i^nurrljdrien. (I.) The inhabitants of the province of Gascony^ have long been celebrated " for their lively sallies ^, called in French gasconnabes. A Gascon*, in^ proof of his nobility, asserted that in his father's castle they used no other firewood but the batons^ of the different marshals of France of his family. (II.) A Gascon '' officer, hearing some one celebrating the exploits ^ of a prince who, in two assaults upon a town, had killed six men^* with (his) own hand : " Bah!" said he, " the very mattress I sleep upon is stuffed with nothing else but^" the moustaches" of those whom I sent t to slumber in the other world." — Good Things fvr Railway Readers. 33. POPE SrXTUS THE FIFTH. iPat)(l ®ij:tu8 bcv gunfte.— i Sin 2Btnjct:. (I.) His father, whose name was Peretti, was a vine- dresser 1. Not being able to bring up his son, he placed * Men — 3Jlann. When speaking of soldiers, 3)l(inn remains un- changed in the plural. The same rule applies to other masculine or neuUr nouns indicating measv/re, weight, and number, as, 3pII, fPfuni/ ©rail, ifuf, JDu^enb. See " German Studies," page 68. t As in French " envoyer," thus in German, „f(l^tc[cit" takes no preposition before the infinitive dependent on it. HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 43 ' To place with, unterBriiiijcn ia. * To employ in, ju etWoS srewenien. ^SiijjtoEtnepten. ^ ®in SratijiSlonctmcnciji. ^Svm. '®egenb, f. 8 (And) pleased with . . . font an fctner teS^aflcn SttU ©efdteii, uiib ... ^ Sfcube am Semen. ^" To acquire, ficji crtocrBen. '^ To bend, fuiji Seugcn. ■'^ Saft. ^' SBenn er cinl^erging, tief et ben SCopf . , . l^ftngcn. " To lean, fi^ ftu^eh. '■^ SBie toenn cc am . . . toSre. '^ Ste CParteien. " ®en JftK^enfiaat. ^' Only by, nut bem . . . nacj). ^^ Sie Siaraoberbrcifad^cJtrone. ^3Kit fo ftariet Stimme. ^^S>ca®fsoiVx. ^^SSon. him with ^ a farmer, who employed him in ^ keeping his swine *. A Franciscan friar ^, having met with Mm, took him for* his guide in an unfrequented place '^, and, pleased with the vivacity of his conversation ^, induced him to accompany him to his convent, where the young swine- herd was admitted. He soon manifested a love for learn- ing ^, and afterwards acquired i" great reputation by his sermons. When raised to the cardinalship, he took the name of Montalto, and retired from public afifairs, appear- ing entirely devoted to study. (II.) From that time Montalto gradually assumed the appearance of a man bending ii under the weight^" of years. He walked with his head resting ^^ on one shoulder, leaning i* on a staff, and incessantly coughed, as if about to ^^ expire. The parties ^^ that divided the Eoman States ^'^ thought him the fittest of all men to be Pope, his easy temper giving them hopes (sing.) that he would be Pope only by ^^ name, and that all the authority would devolve upon them (selves). He was therefore elected in 1585. As soon as the tiara i' was placed upon his head, he threw away his staff, walked erect, and chanted (art.) Te Deum with a voice so strong 2" that the roof ^^ of the chapel re-echoed with 22 the sound. 44 HA vet's ENGLIBH into GERMAN. ^ Snbcm. "* ©efcltofigteit. He governed with extreme* severity, but was, how- ever, the benefactor of his states, by^s purifying them from the licence 2* and disorder which pVevailed (/)?. ^.) before him. — Aiein's Biographical Dictionary. 34. THE FORCE OF lABOUE. Gifctncr Sfcif . — ^ The mere drudgery, He lun^ie Sptadctct. "Active phrase, Dcr ficj) . . . uiitcrjogcn. 'Sen !Prei«. ^As much as, &c., 3)rct ganje ffolioiiintic. °aBa^i'cnb. *Nom. ' fppicgtc er. ^ To recreate one's self with, '(li) nn ctiunS ev^olcn. ^ ®tili\ii)t. The mere drudgery ^ undergone ^ by some men in carry- ing on their undertakings has been something extraordi- nary ; but the drudgery they regarded as the price ^ of success. Addison amassed as much as three folios* of manuscript materials before he began his " Spectator." Newton wrote his " Chronology " fifteen times over before he was satisfied with it, and Gibbon wrote out his " Memoir " nine times. Hale studied for ^ many years at the rate of sixteen hours a day, and when wearied with^ the study of the law, he would "^ recreate himself with ^ the study of mathematics {sing.) Hume wrote thirteen hours a day while preparing his " History of England." Montesquieu, speaking of one part of his writings, said to a friend, " You will read it in a few hours ; but I assure you that it (has) cost me so much labour that it has whitened" my hair." — Smiles' s Self -Help. " To denote firmness o£ purpose, perseverance, or severity, the Germans are fond of the word cifevii; thus, cifcvne ffeftigfcit, cifcvnet BteiS, tifctne ©tvenge. HAVET's ENCfLISH INTO GERMAN. 43 35. LADY MONTAGUE TO THE COUNTESS OF MAR. Safe? ajfuntaguc nn bie ®rftftn uon 3Kar. — ^Sin^SmiS. ''Illustrious by having, &o. . . . b(i8 kiitc^ ten llmjlnnb Sctii^mt ill, bnf feine jimgete Sintcduf bem S^vone ©ngtanb'S fi^t, unb baf8£3 . . . gegeien ^at. ^ ©inen sorijiaiibigen 38eti(i5>t. ^ .^(innower. Brunswick (Sraunfd^iDeig), Nov. 23, 1716. I am just come to Brunswick, a very old town, but which has the advantage of being the capital of the Duke of Wolf enbuttel's dominions ; a family ^ illustrious by having ^ its younger branch on the throne of England, and having given two empresses to Germany. I have not forgotten to drink your health in " mum," which very well deserves its reputation of being the best (beer) in the world. This letter is the third (which) I have written (pres.) to you during my journey; and I declare to you that if you don't send me immediately a full account^ of all the changes amongst our London * acquaintances, I will not write to you any description of Hanover*, where I hope to be to-night ; though I know (that) you have more curiosity to hear of that place than any other. Maby Wortley Montague. 36. THE CALAMITIES OF GENIUS. SrnuvigeS SdoS grower ®eijiet. — ^ Sine .§iinbmuf;te. (I.) Homer was a beggar ; Plautus turned a mill ^ ; Terence was a slave ; Boethius died in gaol ; Paul * Thus, the London merchants, bic Sonbcnci JE(iii|Ieute ; the Paris fashion, bie SPattfer SDJobc. In similar cases the Germans generally use the adjective. However, there are exceptions like the follow- ing: Heidelberg University, bie llnibevritst •SeibelOevg; Offenhurg Station, bie ©tnticn Dffeniuvj, &e. See " (Jerman studies," page 68. 46 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^Zmi. 3®trtet:5c. ■'Unb boi| BEttjungcrtc ec baiei. ^Sn bee ^Icmmc. " aBegen. ' (©cm) Bentivoglio luuvbe bie aufho^me . . . ucrfngt. ^ ®« Sufiabctt. ^ fieifijinam, m, ^^ A life of meanness and distress, nicbrig unb dtmlt^. ^^ Came through, &c., died in consequence of, in ffolge Don, ^^ ©eiilESftanf^cit, " His copyright, fein aScrlogStccjit. i*31nfb(i8 ..aScrlorene iParabicS." ^° 3u btci 3 ©ie (ffijion) in Mn? how long have you been at Cologne ? See again Nos. 12 and 27. Tou might also say, ffiic Jangc Mjaren ®te in JJotn? for, how long were you at Cologne ? The German Perfect Tense is furthermore employed in short questions and answers as in i^TCKcA,- Qu'avez-vous fait ? Wo« ^otett ©ie gctl^an? what did you do ? Je n'ai rien fait ; 3i?) l^aSe mdjli getl^an; I did not do anythmg. 4. The Pluperfect and Future Tenses present no difficulty to the English student. In subordinate sentences the auxiliary :^attc or Wat is frequently diopped, especially in poetry : Uni f^' i^m nocji tag SSoxt cntfniten (mux) ; And before the word had escaped his Ups. — SchUkr. 52 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 40. THE CONJUEER AND THE TAILOR. iBct Safdjicnfljictcr itnb tci ©^neiber. — ^What, &c., creature am I ! Was fuv ein . . . Jtert iin tc^. " SEBenn e8 ben Scutcn ttnfsllt. ^ Sluf tai i^ mici) luafcn tann. * SJiit mtt flel^t c8 nitijit ganj fo fi^tedjit. " Kntctc ... ^ 3e. ' 3In ken SBetteljlalJ — to be reduced to, lommcn. ** $etfm (Dat.) " •gertfdjitE, translate : in the land, i" •6atte ju Ictcn. " aiicmanl). ^^ sgcim. 13 ©jtBm. A conjurer and a tailor once happened to converse (imp.) together : " Alas ! " cries the tailor, " what an un- happy poor creature am I ^ ! If people take it into their heads to ^ live -without clothes, I am. undone ; I have no other trade to have recourse to ^ ! " "Indeed, friend, I pity you sincerely," replies the conjurer j " but, thank heaven, things are not quite so bad ■with me * ; for, if one trick should fail, I have a hundred tricks more ^ for them yet. However, if at any time ^ you are reduced to beggary '', apply * to me, and I will relieve ^ you." A famine overspread" the land; the tailor made a shift to ^'' live, because his customers could not be with- out clothes ; but the poor conjurer, with all his hundred tricks, could find none that had money to throw away : 5 b was in vain that he promised to eat fire, or to vomit pins ; no single creature ^^ would relieve him, till he was at last obliged to' beg from ^^ the very i^ tailor whose calling he had formerly despised. — Goldsmith. * To apply to, fid; ttenkcn an (Ace.) Many German reflective verbs are expressed by English verbs which are not reflective. HAVET'S ENGUSH into GERMAN. 53 41. TIT FOE TAT. SSSie bit itttr, fo t^ ktv. — ^3)efan or ffiec^atit*- 'A turbot, cine ©tciniutte. ' Sum (Sef^mte. * Who had frequently been on similar en-ands, ter ofterS mit of)nfid;en SluftvSgcn ucrfcjiidt Wortcit tuor — or, also here ; bet oftevS mit fi^nlii^tn 31uftri1gen ju ©njift jc&mmen hjnr. " Hav- ing gained admission, na^bem mnit t^m geSffitct l^atte. ^ ©tubirjimnter. ' Abruptly, o^ne totifetd. ^ Very rudely, fe^r groB. ' 3)et ^Sevr. '" Is that the way you deliver your message ? xi(t)itt nfnn fo rine» auftrng ou8 ? " Sdj) teitt. i^ atnniErcn. ^^ jpjii^j_ A friend of Dean ^ Swift one day sent him a turbot % as a present ', by a servant, who had frequently been on similar errands*, but who had never received the most triiiing mark of the Dean's generosity. Having gained admission^, he opened the door of the study ^, aiid abruptly^ putting (imp.) downt the fish, (and) cried very rudely^, "Master^ has sent you a turbot." "Young man," said the Dean, rising from his easy-chair, " is that the way you deliver your message ^^ 1 Let me ^^ teach you better manners i^; sit down in my chair, we will change situations ^^, and I will show you how to behave * In German the article generally precedes titles, although to leave it out is not a mistake. t Avoid using the Gei-mcm Present Participle as much as possible. Circumscribe it by the imperfect and „unb," as above, or by a corre- sponding conjunction, as e.g., als, in, inbcm, ner sna(i^t. * So, iti^n, &c. ? Muf fein ipfctt. « ana($tc fi^ ouf ten SBcg. ' aSotfu^rte. 8 3Rit grlouBnifs. (I.) A farmer once went to market \ and, meeting with good luck, he sold all his corn, and filled his purse with silver and gold. Then he thought it time ^ to return, in order to reach home before night-faU ^ ; so * he packed his money-bags upon his horse's back 5, and set out on his journey ^ (n.) At noon he stopped in a village to rest; and, when he was starting again, the ostler, as he led out ^ the horse, said, " Please you % sir, the left shoe behind HAVKT'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 55 ^ Tlie left shoe 'behind has lost a nail, ci fept etn Stagct l^inten im liiilm igufcifen. i" S>ai t^ut nid;t8 ;' ^nt rai^ti ju fngcn-; cinectei. " WiU hold, &c., toirt f(^on ^fitteu. ^^ 3u macjjen. i' To bait (his horse), urn jufuttecn "ScrStatttnecjit. ^^-SafStaS. i« To travel, grf;cn. i' Not far, nic|)t knge. iBa fn^ fi^i ter SBauct: genot^'S'- " fiitgcn, Inf . ^°fio8» giiff^nattm. ^i Definite Art. ^^ Did not . . . till, er|i fttit . . . "^ SSon bcr SSerim(ij)lof|igung. lias lost a nail^." "Let it go '•V answered the farmer; "tlie shoe will hold fast enough ^^ for the twenty miles that I have still to travel ^K I 'm in haste." So saying, he journeyed on. (III.) In the afternoon the farmer stopped again, to bait 1^ his horse ; and, as he was sitting in the inn, the stable-boy i* came, and said, " Sir, your horse has lost a nail in his left shoe behind : shall I take him to the black- smith ? " " Let him alone i^, answered the farmer ; " I 've only six miles farther to go, and the horse wiU travel i" well enough that distance. I 've no time to lose." (IV.) Away rode the farmer ; but he had not gone far before the horse began to limp ; it had not limped far ^'^ before it began to stumble ; and it had not stumbled long before it fell down and broke a leg. (V.) The farmer was obliged ^^ to leave the horse lying ^^ in the road, to unstrap ^^ his bags, throw them over his ^^ shoulder, and make his way as well as he could home on foot, where he did not arrive till late at ^^ night. " All my ill-luck," said the farmer to himself, " comes from neglect ^^ of a horse-shoe-nail." — Constaile's English Readinn Booh. 5G HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 43. THE lEON MASK. Str SKann mtt kcretfernen SKa^fe. — 'An unknown person, em llnSetnnntcv. ^ SDfit 6cm grij^tcn ®er;eimmf8. ^ Transferred to, nocij) . . . geSrocjit. * Extremely well made, son aujietfl fdjioncr @c|ialt. ^ His education, &c., n fdjitcn fe^t gut geWlbct. 6 SDiit. ' Oiiitorrcnftjict. " Sekevn. ^ iDaf8. '" To intrust one to one's charge, cineii in D6cr< auffidjit ei«c8 anfccm utergeicn. "Translate — And when he was ap- pointed (erncinnt). i2 3um. " Repeat, Begtcitetc. " 3n bte JBafiitte. '5 Slian l^nt ftd; in SKut^mafungcn etfi^ctjft. '^^ 3ur 3cit. " iSn^a^et. ^^ 3n. ^' JJommcriiimet. (I.) The "Iron Mask" is the name of an unknown person ^ who was conveyed in the most secret manner ^ to the castle of Pignerol, from whence he was transferred * to the isle of Ste Marguerite. He was a man taller than ordinary, and extremely well made *. His education ap- peared to have been carefully attended to * ; and he amused himself by ^ reading, and playing upon the guitar^. He always wore a mask with steel springs ', which was so constructed as ^ to allow him free liberty to eat and drink. His keepers treated him with the greatest respect. At Pignerol he was intrusted to the charge^" of an officer named St Mars, on whose appointment ii as ^^ lieutenant of the isles this unknown personage accompanied him, as he finally did^^ to the Bastile^*, where he died in 1703, and was buried under the name of Marchiali. Conjecture has exhausted itself i° to discover who this mysterious per- sonage might be. Voltaire observes, that at the period ^^ when the prisoner was confined ^'', no man of importance disappeared from ^^ Europe ; and yet it cannot be dou^bted that he must have been one. Laborde, first valet-de- chambre ^^ of Louis XIV., and who had received from this HAVET's ENGLISH /NTO GERMAN. 57 =»3ucntbctfcn,Wercrtoarc. '^Jjaftf. ^^ Surfeit ... n^t, ='2Cieba3 ®cru(I;t giitg. ^^ SBeit et, &c. ^' Set, luie ka8 ©erfi^t gitig . gctOttct tuorbcn. "i' E'er, (ingcBtti^ ...='' gntjogcn. >« llntcrfu(5uiig. ^^ 'W^hich precedes the romance . . . tecldie teni SRomnn . . . Mrangetvucfl i|i. "" Goes so far as to give, &c., gicljt fognr, &c. ^^ To give satisfactory evidence, t;inreicj)eiifcc SBcWcife licferii. ^^ To establish hypotheses, SKetnungtn nil JegriiiAet fefiflcUcn. prince many proofs of confidence, sliowed a desire to dis- cover him 2". The king replied, " I pity him, but his detention ^^ injures only himself, and has prevented great misfortunes ; you cannot ^^ know him." (II.) The author of " Secret Memoirs," published in 1745, pretends that it was the Count of Vermandois, who •was arrested, it was said ^^, for 2* having given a blow to the dauphin. Lagrange Chancel, in a letter to Freron, attempts to prove that the prisoner is the Duke of Beau- fort, reported ^' to have been killed at the siege of Candia. St Foix, in 1768, wished to prove that he was the Duke of Monmouth, who was said ^^ to have been beheaded in London, but who had been withdrawn from ^'' punishment. In a dissertation ^^ which precedes the romance ^' of " The Man with the Iron Mask," by Eegnault Warin, the author endeavours to prove that this mysterious personage was the son of the Duke of Buckingham and Anne of Austria, and goes so far as to ^^ give the portrait of the prisoner. But still no satisfactory evidence '^ has yet been given to establish any one of the hypotheses '^, and the history of the " Masque de Fer " is, perhaps for ever, hidden beneath an impenetrable veil. — Maunder's Biographical Treasury. 58 HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 44. THE MONKEY AND THE TWO CATS. A FABLE. — (Sine SaSef. Set 5lffc itnt itc jtijci Jfn^en. — ^ 3^« SBcutc. ° To settle the dispute, tm ®treit jii fi^jjt^tcn. ^ To refer, Bo'rlegcn. * Soffct fel^en. '^ Sicftt Srocten ijl fdf)ii)crer at8 . ^ To bite off, ttcgSci^cn. ' Um c«, meintc cr, in'8 ©IridfigEtoi^t ju Sringctt. ' Comp. " SBiiS. ^'' 3lcu. ^^ To be alarmed for the event, ten SliiSgang fiinfitcii. ^^ Unfcrn gegmfcitigen 9lnt!§eit. '^ A case of this intricate nature, tin fo »eiiBtieltet Salt. ■■* By no means, turcjiiiuS ni^t. ■'^ To determine, entf(iS)ctticn. ^' Trans- late, hereupon. Two cats, having stolen (some) clieese, could not agree about dividing their prize \ In order, therefore, to settle the dispute ^, they consented to refer the matter ? to a monkey. The proposed arbitrator very readily accepted the office ; and, producing a balance, put a part into each scale. " Let me see *," said he ; " ay ! this lump out- weighs ^ the other ; " and immediately he bit off ' a con- siderable piece in order to reduce it, he observed, to an equilibrium^. The opposite scale was now become the heaviest^; which ^ afforded our conscientious judge an additional i" reason for a second mouthful. " Hold ! hold ! " said the two cats, who began to be alarmed for the event 11; "give us our respective shares i^, and we are satisfied." " If you are satisfied," returned the monkey, " Justice is not ; a case of this intricate nature i' is by no means!* gg soon determined i^" Upon which ^^ he con- tinued to nibble first at one piece and then the other, till the poor cats, seeing their cheese gradually diminishing, entreated him to give himself no farther trouble, but deliver to them what remained. " Not so fast, I beseech you, friends," replied the monkey ; " we owe justice to HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 59 i' In right of, toft (Gen.)* ourselves as well as to you : what remains is due to me in right " of my office." Upon which he crammed the whole into his mouth, and with great gravity dismissed the court. — DODSLET. 45. THE OLD MAN AND HIS ASS. Set mu unt fciit g fc I. —i Translate, to sell it. 'To be trudging on foot, 311 Sitf nn^cvjutatJVcn. ' That his ass, &o., urn fcinem efel bic aJtiitje ju tvff (iccn. * -gcitto, 3unge. ^ Bn- « ©efete fi(?) fdCft totauf. ' Jled. ^ Is almost crippled . . . fttft ta^m Viixi »oi-. » No sooner, faum ... to begin the phrase, i" SltS ct feiitm ©c^it Winter fii$ itufii(}m £ie|i. (L) An old man and a little boy were driving an ass to the next market to seU \ " What a fool is this fellow," says (imp.) a man upon the road, "to be trudging it on foot 2 with his son, that this ass may go light M" The old man hearing this set his boy upon the ass, and went whistling by the side of him. " Why, sirrah* ! " cried a second man to the boy, " is it fit for you to be riding, while your poor old father is walking on ^ foot?" The father, upon this rebuke, took down his boy from the ass, and mounted himself- "Do you see," says a third, " how the lazy old knave '' rides along upon his beast, while his poor little boy is almost crippled with ^ walking?" The old man no sooner ^ heard this, than he took up his son behind him i". (II.) " Pray, honest friend," says a fourth, " is that ass your own 1 ' — " Yes," says the man. — " One would not * See Hatet and Schkcmpp's " German Studies," Lesson <17 CO HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 11 One would not have thought so, iai mo^tc hiofjl faiim Scmnnb benttn. '^ aBctt. i^ jiUes, ten Smteu gu gefotteu. " To alight, aljfteigen. i' SJiit 5u{fe cincr ©tangc. i" 8a(^ertia). i' ©^aatewueifc. 1^ Conceiving a dislike to the ovev-complaisance, iicr iitcrtrieljenen ©efaHigfcit feincS SUJcifterS mubc. i' To burst asunder, jecrcipcn. -" aJ}a(^te, bafs er na^ •§aufe tarn. "' Translate, full of shame and vexation. ^^ Itm. "^ Into the bargain, no^ obenbtein. Lave thought so i^," replied the other, " by ^^ your load- ing him so unmercifully. You and your son are better able to carry the poor beast than he you." — " Anything to please ^%" says the owner • and alighting i* with his son, they tied the legs of the ass together, and by the help of a pole '^ endeavoured to carry him upon their shoulders over the bridge that led to the town. This was so entertaining i^ a sight that the people ran in crowds 1^ to laugh at it, till the ass, conceiving a dislike to the over-complaisance ^^ of his master, burst asunder ^' the cords that tied him, slipped from the pole, and tumbled into the river (verb). The poor old man made the best of his way home -", ashamed and vexed ^^ that, by ^^ endeavouring to please everybody, he had pleased nobody, and lost his ass into the bargain ^^. — Horace Walpolb. In German, the Subjunctive Jlood is employed in the following cases: — 1. After certain conjunctioks : u. 3)amit, bamit . . ntd)t; as, Snitfc, bamit bu ben 3iig ertEte^cj}, Bun, that you may catch the train ; ©(^iDctgcn ©it, bamit man ©ic ni(!Sit erfcnne, Be silent, lest you be recognised, h. SSicnn, if, and o6, if, whether ; as, SBenn xd) xeiify tu 5 re, If I were rich; SBenn er mc^r Uetmng ^fittc, If he had practice; S(^ luetp ntc^t, cb cc f Sme, njenn er c8 n>u|8tc,I do not know whether he would come if he knew it. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 61 e. all oi, aU wenn, tuie toenn, as if ; e.g., (Bt t)u|let, tiU oi n tie SluSgel^i-uttg i^attc. He coughs as if he had the consumption. Note: Sometimes the conjunction luenn is understood. In this case, 'the verb is placed at the beginning of the sentence : -6(itte i^ fca§ SeWujTt, Had I known that; SBSre i(t/ Slttevt, fo Bliclc iH) ni§t I;ier, If I were Albert, I should not stay here. 2. After VERBS of advising, iegging, commanding, wishing, permit- ting, hoping, fearing, doubting, &c., the verb in the dependent sentence beginning with b of 8, stands, or ought to stand, in the subjunctive. Yet, in conversation, the indicative is, even by the best society, very generally used. 3. As to the subjunctive required in the oblique narration, see foot-note to K"o. 54. 46. GEOGRAPHY* Sie ®Eogiat)^ic (EitSefd^rcitung). — ^ .Scnnen. ^ 3n ber SUft^e or tcna^iart (adj.) ^ aCeil. ^ This is a little knowledge of, tins pnb bie SlnfangSgriinbe bet (otii). ^ Is best obtained, tetnt tiwn fie nm lei(!^teftcn iinb teften. ^ The most of, bnS meifie son. ' iRcifetuic^et. ' Supply, &o., geBen unS bariiSer Sluffd^lufS (I.) We all know ^ something of the place in which we live. We have seen its houses, roads, and fields so often that we can easily point them out, and tell how they are situated. We also know something about the towns and villages near ^, from ^ having seen them. This is a little knowledge * of geography ; and in this way a knowledge of geography is best obtained ^. We cannot expect, however, to get an extended knowledge of distant parts by our own observation; we must therefore learn most of^ our geo- graphy from what others have observed. Books of travels ^ and voyages supply information of this kind ^- (II.) It will help us to understand much of what we read about other parts, if we think well on what we see * See Havet and Sohkumee's " German Studies," Lesson 66, ,,S)ic Sftnber bev 6vbc." 62 HAVET'S ENGLISH ISTO GERMAN. ^ Buiie^im 3mSe. ^"SBxen'^tift. " Surround ua. i^ jg grown, ttficjift. ^^ Are produced in it, boct Bortommen. " To inquire, fcageit (notiji). 15 .^ErBorSringt, Itefwt. ^^ And other remarkable facts about it, rnio aiiiackatouf6egugtiifeli)ic^ttgc3^atfa(i(iett. ^'UnSmit . . . Mmnt mae^at. ■■^ ®n fogcnonnteS "county." The German word „®taff4ioft," meaning the estate of a count, does not quite give the meaning. In a- free way we might say : iDiftrift, SBejirt, Jtanton. ■'' SSon bcm ®il)fcl eineS SeigcS. °'' Translate, long . . . broad. ^^ Sine lange Sflgcmfe. 22 gj ju tttrcjihjantiern. 23 ®j j}^. in our own neighbourhood.. For this purpose ^ we should learn all we can respecting the place we live in ; — what it is called ^^ ; — what rivers are near ; — what hills and valleys are close by " ; — how many houses and people belong to the place ; — how most of the people are employed ; — what is grown 1^ in the fields; what other things are produced ^^ in it ; and many other facts of this kind. We may now in- quire ^* the names of the towns, villages, hills, and rivers near. The towns we shall learn have a market; the vUlages are generally smaller than the towns, and have no regular market. We may then inquire what each place produces 1^, and other remarkable facts about it ^^. (III.) We shall thus get acquainted with ^^ the geo- graphy of our own neighbourhood. We may then learn that many towns, vUlages, hiUs, valleys, fields, and mea- dows, make (up) what is called a county ^^ : a county there- fore consists of a large tract of country, more indeed than we can generally see from the top of a high hill 1^. The county we live iu is several miles in length and breadth 20, so that it would be a long day's work ^^ to walk through it 22. There are ^^ (as many as) forty counties in England. England contains a great many towns and villages, together with a large number of hills 'and valleys, rivers and lakes. HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GBKMAN. 63 ^* To travel through, ju bur^wanbctn. It would take us more than a year to travel through ^* aU parts of England. — Ceampton and Tuenek's Geographical Beading Booh. 47. EIVEES.* (a geogeaphical lesson.) 5)tc Sftuf fc. (SeogTOtJ^if^er Itntemi^t.) — i Streams of running water, laufcnbc ©thjaffre. ^ SaruSer fcj)veiten. ' aSrrit. * For ships to sail on, baf mm mit Stiffen batauf fasten Jonii. ^ SSddjitein. ' SBfliifie. ' An individual name, einen Sefonbent. ^ Sec Si^eiii. " SSoti beu ^Bo^c nad^ ire Sicfc. ^^ At first, urftwiiiigKc^. ^^ Would soon become dry, liigm Mbiro(icn. ^^Sufu^t, f. I'Stciimc. Streams of running water^ are so common that you must have often noticed them. Some streams are so small that we can step over them ^, while others are deep and wide ^ enough for large ships to sail on *. Small streams are called streamlets ^ or brooks ", while the larger (water- courses are) called rivers. Each river has an individual ^ name, as the Thames, the Ehine ^, fotueit ka8 Sluge tridjit, mc()t8 aii SBettruflun^. *i A hideous wreck, cine tjftp^c 2Bu|ie. the utmost verge of the horizon 2"; a hideous wreck ^\ — Mrs Somerville. 50. THE DERVISB. Set ScrlDtf^. — 1 Ste Sartcitti. = 5lu8 Srct^iim. ' Thinking it to be, ben ct flit . . . ^ielt. *A public inn, eine ijffenfli(!^e ^crBcrgc. ' Sine JtoraDcinfetci. ^ Entered he, 6etrat er. '' Stad) 2lvt in: Orientaten. ^S'lii^t lange tuat et. 'What was his business in that place, njae er ta toclle. "To take up his night's lodging, feinc 0la(^tt;ct5ctgc (tuf. f^tngen. ^^ In a very angry manner, in fc^t Verier SCcifc. '^ It happened that = by chance, jufattig . . . verb. ^^ Passed, !am. I* At, uitv. ■" ©0 einfftWig. A dervise, travelling through Tartaryi, being arrived at the town of Balck, went into the king's palace by mistake ^, thinking it to be ^ a public inn * or caravansary ^ Having looked about for some time, he entered ^ (into) a long gallery, where he laid down his wallet and spread his carpet, in order to repose himself upon it, after the manner of the Eastern nations ''. He had not been * long in this position before he was discovered by some of the guards, who asked him what was his business in that place ^- The dervise told them he intended to take up his night's lodging i" in that caravansary. The guards let him know, in a very angry manner ^\ that the house he was in was not a caravansary, but the king's palace. It happened that^^ the king himself passed ^^ through the gallery during this debate, and, smiling at i* the mistake of the dervise, asked him how he could be so duU ^^ as not to distinguish a palace from a caravansary, " Sire, give me leave to ask 68 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. "Sire, &c., cttauSen mit Sue« aRojeliat ein pata Sftogen ju flcHcn, "The persons, Senc. "Put first before lodged, juetji Scttwt^nten (Aoo.) ; do not translate, when it was first built. ''My ancestors, mcine SU^nen. =» The last person, ker fie^te. " It was he himself, kaS fci cr fel6|l. ^^ Seine fflcWo^nec. ^^ Such a perpetual succession of guests, (lets neue ®S|ie. ' your Majesty a question or two ^s. Who were the persons ^' who lodged in this house when it was first built ^^ ? " The king replied, "my ancestors i^." "And who," says the dervise, " was the last person 2" who lodged here ? " The king replied, "my father." "And who is it," says the dervise, " that lodges here at present 1 " The king told him that it was he, himself ^i. "And who," says the dervise, " will be hefe after you ? " The king answered, "the young prince*, my son." "Ah, Sire," said the dervise, " a house that changes its inhabitants ^2 so often, and receives such a perpetual succession of guests ^^ is not a palace, but a caravansary." — Addison. 51. MINERS.t 58 ctgtcute. — ' Det JSttgmonn — pi. leute. ^ Class of people, SSotfi^cn. (I.) Miners ^ are generally a poor, but an honest and in- dustrious class of people 2, quiet and earnest at their J * Prince, meaning emperor, king, grand-duke, duke or (sovereign) prince, is Surfl. The same is sometimes a title given for merit, as, 5ar|l SiSmaril (the French dac, cgr., le due de Magenta). iPrinj means but the son of a sovereign, or titulary „gur)i," e.g., iPritij Srtebriiij* Saii,, Prince Frederick Charles. The same difference ia between ffurftin and jpiinjcffin. + See Havet and Scheumpp's " German Studies," Lesson 67, "Minerals." X See foot-note p. 11, HAVJET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 69 ' Gigentpmlid^e aUenfc^eiigattung. * To be different, aSjie(I;En. ' The townsman, bet ©tftitcr. ^ Sing. ' ©))i^I;atfe. ' Proceeds to work, giSSt. ' To carry out, maH/en. ^" !Dur(^li)iU;tt cr Me Setfen itai^ Btjen fdjutfeni. ^1 Sie ©ruteii, (JrjgvuScn. '^To sink, austiefen. ^' Sfinn. " To require, SraiK^en. ^* Sen meiften Oefo^ren. ■'^ ffangen. ^' ©ticfa gafe. ^^ 3)na ®e«)5l6c. work, but cheerful and fond of musical entertainment in tkeir * hours of recreation. Separate manners, habits, and dress, as well as a peculiar language for everything con- cerning their occupation, make the miners a characteristic set of men ^, and singularly different * from agriculturists, sailors, or townsmen K With his tools °, consisting of a pickaxe ^, hammer, and crowbar, and provided with a safety lamp, the miner proceeds to work * shafts (S^ac^te) vertically down into the ground, forming deep pits, or he carries out ^ galleries (®ange) in horizontal directions, and by combining these two ways he penetrates the rock in search of ore ^''. (II.) Mines 11 are sometimes of > immense extent, some shafts having been sunk ^^ to the depth of 3000 feet. The galleries extend in some mines to an astonishing length, as, for example, the George-Gallery (bet ©wtgcttsSangl in the Harz, which it^' requires i* three hours to pass through. The calling, of the miner, besides being very toilsome, is, next to that of the sailor, exposed to the greatest amount of danger i^. Sometimes t a sudden irruption of water from below or from the sides, some- times the fire-damp (bie Bofcn Setter, plur.), which ex- plodes on takingly fire, or suffocating gases i'', prove destructive to them. At times, also, the roof^* of the * See foot-note, p. 11. + Supply it is, and construe accordingly. 70 HAYET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. mine itself gives way, either from negligence in propping or from unavoidable concussions, and buries the miners alive. — H. Mbdlock's Translation of SchoedUr's Booh of Nature. 52. A LETTEB FROM BYEON TO HIS MOTHEE. ©in Srtef Bon SSljton on feiner SKuttei. — ^ To have to spare, utrig Ijoiax. ^ To te, mufen. * I cannot avoid, ti^ tann nti^t um^in (but here the inversion, tann iS) mSjt, is required). * iBtc Selegen^eit ju crgreifcn. ^ 3^ Kn er|l fett Eutjer 3eit ouf SKatta. ' Fertile in, reii^ an. ' In a romance, tit cineni Sioman. ' iEfttfi. * SBivt fie fi(5 6atb . . - etnf(^i|fcn. ■'" By this time, itxAii. Dear Mother, — Though I have a very short time to spare 1, being ^ to sail immediately for Greece, I cannot avoid ^ taking an opportunity * of telling you that I am ■well. I have been in Malta a short time °, and have found (jares.) the inhabitants hospitable and pleasant. This letter is committed to the care of a very extraordinary woman, •whom you have doubtless heard of, Mrs S P . She has been shipwrecked, and her life has been from its commencement so fertile ^ in remarkable incidents, that in a romance "^ they would appear improbable. She was born at Constantinople, where her father was Austrian ambas- sador : . . . she is here on her way to England to join her husband. Being obliged to leave Trieste*, where she was paying a visit to her mother, she embarks ' soon in a ship of war. Since my arrival here, I have found her very pretty, very accomplished, and extremely ec- centric. You have seen Murray and Kobert by this time i", and * HAVBt's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 71 ^^ 3la^. ^^ ®{^e. ^' Among the Mussulmans, Set ken SRufelmftmiern. received my letter. Little has happened since that date. I have touched at Cagliari in Sardinia, and at Girgenti in Sicily, and embark to-morrow for^^ Patras, whence I proceed ^^ to Janina, where Ali Pacha holds (his) court ; so I shall soon be among the Mussulmans i^. Adieu. ^ — Believe me, &c., Bteon. 53. LEDYAED THE TBAVELIEB. A BIOGKAPHIOAL SKETCH, — Sine fttogta^jl^'f'^f ©ftjje.. Seki^aiti ter 2Banberer. — ■'Sin ameritantpi^ec SReifenbcr. ^For a short time he resided, cine 3eit I(ing Icite er 6ei ben fogenannten Six Nations, cbev @e^8 ©tSmmen. ' Sief f\il) atS SHcittpfe antieiitn. * Sine SefiijjreiSung. ^■§terauf. ^Xtm. '3u ffuf. ^ SPeterSBurg. "lu the prosecution of this design, WefcS 3iet ucrfolgeni. '" Stacijiticm. (I.) John Ledyard, an American traveller \ of the last century, was bom in Connecticut, in 1751. For a short time he resided ^ among the Six Nations *, with whose language and manners he became acquainted. He then came to England, enlisted as a marine ^, and saUed with Captain Cook on his second voyage, of which he published an account*. He next^ determined to make the tour of ^ the globe from London eastwards on foot '', and proceeded to St Petersburg^ in the prosecution of this design ^ through the most unfrequented parts of Finland. (II.) After 1" waiting there nearly three months, he ob- * One branch of those " Six Nations," the Seneca tribe, is to be found in a half-civilised state, at the Indian Eeservation, Cattar- augus County, New York. 72 HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. " ©einen 5}af8. ^^ -p^j. the prosecution, jur gortfe^ung. '' S>m(^ ken niffifcifim ipiatfomtnanbantcn. " Prevented from, &c., an kcr gortfe|ung fcinei; Strife gel^iniert. ^^To the iroutier of Poland, an tie (Jotnifi^e ©rftnjc. ^ 3)ap man il^n fcer •§enIre§^onb u6crttefern ttjutbe, fottte man . . . " auf ruffif($em OeWete. ^^ aseaufttagt. " When he was attacked, afe tl^n cine toblidjie Jfranll^"' *'f f'- 'tained Ms passport ^^ for the prosecution ^^ of his journey to Siberia. On his arrival at Yakutsk, he was prevented by the Eussian commandant of the place ^^ from proceeding any farther i*, and was conducted to the frontiers of Poland ^*, with a threat of being consigned into the hands of the executioner, should he^^ again be found in the Eussian territories i^. He was next employed ^^ by the African Association to explore the interior of Africa, but he hadj proceeded no farther than Cairo, when he was at- tacked with a fatal disease^*, and died in 1788. — Maundee's Biographical Treasury. 54. GEOBGE FBIMBOSE WISHES TO TEACH THE SVTCH ENGLISH. ©cotg 5|)rtmvofe wilt bte JBoUanber ffngttfc^ lel^ren. — i Trans- late — ©erabe afe ii^ au8ge]|en tDottfe, iegegnete \Sj. " Sinem attcn oici-fTfii^" lidjen SSetannten. *To be one's companion, einem ©efettf^aft teiftcn. ^jpflegtc. , (I.) As I was going out I was met ^ at the door by the captain of a ship, with whom I had formerly some little acquaintance ^, and he agreed to be my companion ^ over a bowl of punch. As I never chose * to make a secret of my circumstances, he assured me that I was upon the very point of ruin. " But," continued he, " I fancy you HAVBT's ENULISH into GERMAN. 73 'You might be very easily put- into a genteel way of bread, Sic Knntcii Iciest ©etegcn^eit finbm ouf ief))eftaMe SSSctfe 3f)x S8rot> ju Mrtimeii. 'Sotgcii ©ie tnetnem Oiat^. ^Sln^. 'SBie Isorc m, mmn ®ie mitteif ten ? "I '11 warrant, t(^ (ic^e 3t;ncn gut. ^^ 3weifettc. '"06. ■■^ To affirm with an oath, f^hjoren. ■^* To be fond of something to distraction, in ctnjoS ganj »ernarrt fetn. '° SSa'fti^ecuns. '° ®tng ic() ouf fcinen SSerfi^tng ein. " SSiv fatten gunjiigen SBint. '^SKit ter ^fitfte mcineS Senjeglicjien ©igent^nmcS. ''A stranger, ftemt unt unfefannt. 20 Unemployed in teaching, o^ne mtdji fogtei at8 etn aSotf untcr tcrferecn SRegievuns leBcn foUten. " Accord- ingly, ba nun. '^ Is called, ^eift, have better food and. clothing than those in ^ Scotland. The towns, also, are much more numerous, and more populous ^. (II.) Scotland, on the contrary, is full of ^ hills, and huge moors and ■wildernesses, which bear no corn ^ and afford 1" but little food for flocks of sheep or herds of cattle. But the level ground that lies along the great rivers is more fertile, and produces good crops i^. The natives of Scotland are accustomed to live more hardily ^^ in general than those of England. The cities and towns are fewer, smaller, and less full of inhabitants than in England. But, as Scotland possesses great quarries of stone, the towns are commonly built of that material, which is more lasting, and has a grander effect to the eye i^, than the bricks used '* in England *. (III.) Now, as 1^ these two nations (f.) live in the dif- ferent ends of the same island, and are separated by large and stormy seas from all other parts of the world, it seems natural that they should have been friendly to each other, and that they should have lived as one people under the same government ^^. Accordingly ^^, about two hundred years ago, the king of Scotland, becoming king of England, * " The bricks used in England," translate^" The in England used (geirS«(i^li(!!)fn) bricks." 76 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GBEMAN. the two nations have ever since been * joined in one great kingdom, which is called Great Britain, — Waltee Scott's Tales of a Grandfather. S6. MAHOMET'S MIEACLES. ana^ometi'S SBunber. — 'The votaries, bit SScvc^ter. ^Increase, ne^meit 5U. " As they are further, &c., je Writer fie Bon . . . entfctnt finb. ■* Went forth to meet him, (baf8) ir;m . . . entgegcn gingen. ° Gushed from, &o., frincit Stngetn cntfirctntc. ' That a, beam groaned to him, bafSein SSnKen t^n andc^jtc. 'That a shoulder of mutton informed him that it was poisoned, bnfs ein •6iTmmet86ug t^n imaS)xt(l)txel)te n fei I sevgiftet. ^ Successively, na^ eiiinnbcr. The votaries ^ of Mahomet are more assured than himself of his miraculous gifts, and their confidence and credulity increase ^ as they are further removed ^ from the time and place of his spiritual exploits. They believe or affirm that trees went forth to meet him * ; that he was saluted by stones ; that water gushed from his fingers ^ ; that he fed the hungry and the sick, and raised the dead ; that a beam groaned to him ^ ; that a camel complained to him ; that a shoulder of mutton informed him of its being poisoned '^ ; and both animate and inanimate nature were equally sub- ject to the apostle of God. His dream of a nocturnal journey is seriously described as a real and corporeal transaction. A mysterious animal, the Borak (m.), conveyed him from the temple (m.) of Mecca to that of Jerusalem ; with his companion Gabriel, he successively ^ ascended the seven heavens, and received * The present tense to be used in German. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 77 ' Repaid, crtuttticvte. '" In tlieir respective, in i^un Setrcfcnbcn. 11 Within two bowshots, ouf jttict JBogcnfcjiiijSrocitcn. i^A cold that pierced him to the heart, einen Stoft, kcr i[;m M3 in'8 J9CV5 fcrong. and repaid ^ the salutations of the patriarchs, the prophets, and the angels, in their respective i" mansions. Beyond the seventh heaven Mahomet alone was permitted to pro- ceed ; he passed the veil of unity, approached within two bow-shots 11 of the throne, and felt a cold that pierced him to the heart ^^ when his shoulder was touched by the hand of God. After a familiar, though important, con- versation, he again descended to Jerusalem, remounted the Borak, returned to Mecca, and performed in the tenth part of a night the journey of many thousand years. — Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. 87. OLITEE GOLDSMITH TO SIR JOSHTTA REYNOLDS. DliBci: ©olbfmit^ an ©ir SoS^ua SRe^noU*. — ' * Ueietfar;vt, ^ My machine to prevent sea-sickness, meinc SRafi^inc (SBorridj^tung) jur aSetptung bet ©cetranB^eit. ^ To be imposed upon, fi^ ))rellen tcilJen. * ®utcr Sauitc. ' A little money would go a great way, bafs mit tocntg ®£tb uiel ju mn($en fei. My Dear Fbiend, — ^We had a very quick passage i from Dover to Calais, which we performed in three hours and twenty minutes, all of us extremely sea-sick, which must necessarily have happened, as my machine to prevent sea- sickness * was not completed. We were glad to leave Dover, because we hated to be imposed upon ', so were in high spirits * at coming to Calais, where we were told that 9. little money would go a great way ^ Upon landing two 78 HAVKT'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 'Salt. 'SugWiiJ). ' To run down to, auf etnjoS loSfaufm. ^3)iadj)tcn fif^. ^"With a kind of funeral solemnity, tote c6en fo side ©4rgc (ooffins)i '1 SebeS 3nbi»itiuum. ■"' That there was no refusing them, bdf man cS t^nen nt^t ciifcljjlogen tonntc. '* !Die aud^ fo t]|re ncttc, ^iflii^t art l^atten. "SUJan toieS itn8. " Ein So^nicbicntcr. ^^enbtti!^. ^'We had no occasion, tutr Svoue^tm . . . niiijit. ^^ Because he wanted it, ttieil er cS not^tg l^atie. little trunks, which was all we carried with us, we were surprised to see fourteen or fifteen fellows ^ all ' running down to ^ the ship to lay their hands upon them ; four got ^ under each trunk, the rest surrounded and held the hasps; and in this manner our little baggage was conducted, with a kind of funeral solemnity i", till it was safely lodged at the custom-house. We were well enough pleased with the people's civility till they came to be paid, when every creature ^^ that had the happiness of but touching our trunks with their finger, expected sixpence, and had so pretty civil a manner of demanding it, that there was no refusing them^^. When we had done with the porters, we had next to 'speak with the custom-house officers, who had their pretty civil way too ^^ We were directed ^* to the H6tel d'Angleterre, where a valet de place ^^ came to offer his service, and spoke to me ten minutes before I once 1^ found out that he was speaking English. We had no occasion ^^^ for his services, so we gave him a little money because he spoke English, and because he wanted it« HAVBT S ENGLISH INTO GBEMAN. 79 68. THE SmELS. S)n ©e^ttb. — 1 Knight-errantry, tic fa^tcntcmittetf^afl. sgutffen. ' To set up, ciriii^ten. ^ Definite article. ' Stuf ber crpecn. ^ To the ever favourable goddess. ^<' Sit sier Itad^ cinonbct uBer tic $ if ten . . . kmongetvagenc ©tegc. '' SGon etttgegengcfejtm ©eiten. ^ Ungefar;r. ' 3ut felBcn 3eit. i" JEeiner wn Scibcn. ^i 3u ietcaci^tcn. ^* The exoeUenoe of its workmanship, bie au6gcjeicf;nete SlrScit. i' If I have, &o., fp tna^c t($ 2lugen :^o6c. (I.) In the days of knight-errantry ^ and paganism, one of our old British princes ^ set up ^ a statue to the goddess of Victory, in a point where four roads met together. In her * right hand she held a spear, and her left rested upon a shield : the outside of this shield was of gold, and the inside of silver. On the former ^ was inscribed in the old British language, "To the goddess ever favourable ^ ; " and on the other, " For four victories obtained successively over the Picts*" and other inhabitants of the northern islands." It happened one day that two knights completely armed, one in black armour and the other in white, arrived from opposite parts '' of the country at this statue just about * the same time *, and as neither of them i" had seen it before, they stopped to read the inscription, and to ob- serve ^^ the excellence of its workmanship i^. (II.) After contemplating it for some time, "This golden shield," says (impf.) the black knight — " Golden shield ! " cried the white knight, who was as strictly ob- serving the opposite side, " why, if I have my eyes i^, it is (of) silver." " I know nothing of your eyes," replied 80 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 1* ®ognt. "" Sd^oit iiet. " The smile with which this was delivered, ittt fifidjietn, ias Hefe SBorte Bcgleitctc. " The career, in 2lnlauf. " Slann flcmmten fte i^K Sanjcn ein, unb . . . "A trance, cine O^nmadjjt. "Zee iee aBegcS jog. °' A sovereign balsam, cine unfc^tBarc ©otte. *' SSetuaiw tcrt. '^ To apply to, flrei(^cn . . . ouf. the black knight ; " but if ever I saw (p. md.) a golden shield in my life, this is one." "Yes," returned the white knight, smiling, "it is very probable, indeed, that they should expose a shield of gold in so public a place (as this) J for my part, I wonder even i* that a silver one is not too strong a temptation for the devotion of some people who pass this way ; and it appears by the date, that this has been here above ^^ three years.'' The black knight could not bear the smUe with which this was delivered ^^ and grew so warm in the dispute, that it soon ended in a challenge ; they both therefore turned their horses, and rode back so far as to have sufficient space for their career ^ '^ ; then fixing their spears in their rests ^8, they flew at each other with the greatest fury and impetuosity. Their shock was so rude, and the blow on each side so effectual, that they both feU to the ground, much wounded and bruised, and lay there for some time, as in a trance ^^. (III.) A good Druid, who was travelling that way 2", found them in this condition. The Druids were the phy- sicians of those times, as well as the priests. He had a sovereign balsam ^^ about him, which he had composed Mmself, for he was very skiKul ^^ in all the plants which grew in the fields or in the forests ; he staunched their blood, applied his balsam to ^^ their wounds, and brought them as it were from death to life again. As soon as they HAVET's RNGLTSII into aERMAW. 81 '* To inquire into, urn . . fvagen. '^ Yonder, ker . tort. ^ Unb et Se^auV'ttt. ^'' Had either of you, tjottet i^c SBeibe- ^ Su(^ tie Sett gcnommeii. ^^ Might have [(all this paasiou and bloodshed) been avoided, I;Stte . . ijcrmieben wcrbcn Knnen. ^'' SBei. ^^ SBpl^t. were sufficiently recovered, he began to inquire into ^* the occasion of their quarrel. "Why, this man,'' cried the black knight, " will have it that yonder ^^ shield is silver." " And he will have it ^^," replied the white knight, " that it is gold;" and then (they)>told him all the particulars of the affair. " Ah ! " said the Druid with a sigh, " you are both of you, my brethren, in the right, and both of you in the wrong : had either of you^'^ given himself time ^^ to look at the opposite side of the shield, as well as that which first presented itself to view, all this passion and blood- shed might have been avoided ^^ * ; however, there is a very good lesson to be learnt from the evils that have befallen you on ^^ this occasion. Permit me, therefore, to entreat you by aU our gods, and by this goddess of Victory in particular, never to enter into any dispute for the future, till you have fairly ^^ considered both sides of the ques- tion." — Beaumont. * The past participle of lijnnen, miiffen, lajfcit, butfen, Woltcn, and mogen is never used after an infinitive. See Havet and SoHKUMpr's " German Studies," Lesson 15, "The Auxiliaries." 82 HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 69. COWPEB TO JOSEPH HILL. EotB))ei; on Sofc)):^ •Sitt. — ^ To make a recompense, Hxmt nijJntten. ^ Attention to my affairs, fflefoigung mciner Slngetegenl^ettetr. ' Restored to perfect health', both of body and mind, titpttiidf wib grifttg soMommen ^etgcftellt. ^Prorn which you could receive it — translate, which might procure it to you. ° SDcnfelicn. ^ To spend with, guSringm iri. ' Sine SBo^nung. ^.Sn. ^ Uc6rigen8. ^° Single, tcbig, umet'^axat'^tt. '^ Mirror, SKufler, u. ^^ Srgeicn^eit. " JHSa^rcnl!. "STla^m iciji mir ten meimgcn. HnNTiNGDON, June 24, 1765. Dear Joe, — The only recompense I can make^ you* for your kind attention to my affairs^ during my illness, is to tell you that, by the mercy of God, I am restored to perfect health, both of mind and body'^. This, I believe, will give you pleasure, and I would gladly do anything from which you could receive it *. I left St Albans on the seventeenth, and arrived that ' day at Cambridge, spent some time there with ^ my brother, and came hither on the twenty-second. I have a lodging ^ that puts me continually in mind of ^ our summer excur- sions ; we have had many worse, and except the size of it (which, however ^, is sufficient for a single i" man), but few better. I am not quite alone, having brought a servant with me from St Albans, who is the very mirror ^^ of fidelity and affection ^^ for his master. And whereas ^^ the Turkish spy says, he kept no servant, because he would not have an enemy in his house, I hired ^* mine because I would have a Mend. Men do not usually bestow these encomiums on their lackeys, nor do they usually * JD u — ^which in letters must be spelled with a capital — and its cor- responding poBseBBives are to be used throughout this letter. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 83 " To have experience of one, cineit Imncit tetnen. ^^ Never saw his fellow, l^nte feinegglei^en nocl!) ni^it gcfct;en. " To forget how to spell, ni^t mcl^v vecjit lutjTeit, wic man . . . feljiteiSt. i^ circumstance, Slnjic l^ungstjuntt. ^^Sn kiefer ®cgmi). ^"1 believe, fccnl' t(!^. 2isBji„(^jn_ ^ These being = for these are. ^ In strict truth, ttenn mon Set bet aBafji'^cit HeiBeit tuitt. ^^Ste gfcii^jjen ft^ ttiic bte ginger einer- §ani) (wie ein ©i tern ontetn). ^3um crflcn 3)}ot. ^* aJon mic gviipcn. "' Setnet nS^jien ItmgeSung. "^ ®rf Berr«^eri. =' ®ev aufrii^tigen fftmntu fc^(tfl Seines, deserve them ; but I have had experience of mine ^^, both in sickness and in health, and never saw his fellow 16. The river Ouse — I forget how they spell it ^^ — is the most agreeable circumstance ^^ in this part of the world ^^; at this town it is, I believe ^"j as wide as the Thames at Windsor ; nor does the silver Thames better deserve that epithet ^1, nor has it more flowers upon its banks, these being ^^ attributes, which, in strict truth,^^ belong to neither. Fluellen would say, they are as like my fingers to my fingers ^, and there is salmon in both. It is a noble stream to bathe (in), and I shall make that use of it three times a week, having introduced myself to it for the first time ^^ this morning. I beg you will remember me to ^^ all my friends, which is a task that wiU cost you no great pains (to execute) ; particularly remember me to those of your own house ^'^ and believe me ^\ your very affectionate ^^ William Cowpek. 8i HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. GO. THE lOVE OF OUR COUNTBY. SDte Siel'c jum SBatcrtanbe. — ^ To proceed, tomntctt. ° To dwell, tueiten. ^ To cling to . . . Ijangen ... (in. * Substitute, and where it. ^ Under the rough discipline, untet kcr prengm megelung. «a3toS. 'SBeit. " Social affections, gefettfiiSjiiftrtaSje aSertinb. li^driten. ^ aSettaiTenjic. i" SRu^mt. "Untet. i* (Slei^en aSetpft- niffen. ^' The fairest face of nature, bic mjenbficn (Segenicn. '* SlUe tic teijenben aSorjiige bet. ^' JErotJcnUnbcr (climates of the sun). •"^ ©tnobcn. ■'^ 35a8. '* Thou canst not bribe his soul, bu fannft t^n ni(|it uScrrcben. ■'' When he remembers thee, >»enn a beincr gebmft. Whence does this love of our country, this universal passion, proceed ^ ? Why does the eye ever dwell " with fondness upon the scenes of infant Ufa? Why do we breathe with greater joy the breath of our youth 1 Why are not other soils as grateful, and other heavens as gay ? Why does the soul of (art.) man ever cling to ^ that earth where it first knew pleasure and pain, and* under the rough discipline^ of the passions was roused to the dignity of moral life ? Is it only^ that'^ our country contains our kindred and our friends ? And is it nothing but a name for our social affections ^ ? It cannot be this ; the most friendless ^ (of himian) being(s) has a country which he admires and extols ^"j and which he would, in ^^ the same circumstances i^, prefer to aU others under heaven. Tempt Mm with the fairest face of nature ^^, place him by living waters under the shadowy trees of Lebanon, open to his view all the gorgeous allurements i* of the climates of the sun 15, — he will love the rocks and deserts ^^ of his child- hood better than all these i^, and thou canst not bribe his Boul 1^ to forget the land of his nativity ; he wiU sit down and weep by the waters of Babylon when he remembers thee 1*, Sion ! — Sydney Smith. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 85 61. PRESENCE OF MIND. leSgcgcntoatt. — ^eine SRotte. ^ To be, fic|i Sefiniictt. ^To proceed to, fogteic^ . . .' * Ein 2B(inMaften. ' A person placed inside, tocr innm fiaitb. 6 S)mvten. '' Su fie gut inS Sluge faffeft.' ' ©c^more, bafs bu fte gefelj'" M'^- ' I"* t^^^ court, uor ®crt Sol^onn Kl^rifto))]^ Sricbtii?!. ' STOettct Ungfinadji unfc SSBc^felfdlle turi^jumad^en. ' To 'be appointed, ongeftellt njertcn. * 8118 Slrjt. ^ !Do8 . . . flcral). ^ Seine Senbenj, ajic^tung. ' 5Iuf ten SlStJctg. ' !Dur^ fii^Ieunige fftuii^t. ' To devote one's self, fl^ tottmcn. ^^ Sttcro. rifi^en SlrSriten. "Drop "so." ^^SBatmet. "D^nciJrase. "Srietc. ^' Sie man fo rffl^teni) batin gefi^ifeert finbct. ^' Sungfrau. " 35en(miUtr. *' Powers as a dramatist, bramatifd^e !8cf4^igung. (L) John Christopher Frederick ^ Schiller was born at Marbach, in Wxirtemberg, and died at Weimar on the 9th of May 1805. His parents being rather poor, he had to pass through manifold hardships and vicissitudes ^, tiU at last, in 1780, he was appointed ^ surgeon * of a regiment of grenadiers stationed^ at Stuttgart. In 1781 he published his first work, "The Eobbers,'' whose motto, "In ti/rannos," shows its tendency ®. The despotic Duke Charles of Wiir- temberg had sent the poet Schubart to the fortress of the Asperg '' for his liberal opinions. Schiller escaped a similar fate by a speedy flight % 1782. From that time up to his death, Schiller devoted himself ^ exclusively to his literary pursuits i". When he died, the whole German nation felt the loss, and nobody more so ^^ than Schiller's affectionate ^^ friend, the illustrious Goethe. (II.) SchiUer's works are unquestionably ^^ the most popular in Germany, owing to the deep feeling and the noblest impulses ^* of the human heart so touchingly dis- played in them 15. His " Wallenstein," " Maid ^^ of Or- leans,'' and " William Tell," are most glorious monu- ments 1'' of the poet's great powers as a dramatist ^^ The smaller poetical works of our author are so generally * See Havet and Schetjmpf's " German Studies," p. 51. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 87 •"SBo immettte kcfttfi^ic Sungc ffingt. =i To be able to quote from memory, auStocnkig ^cvfagcn tonnen. '^ SBiitgfiS^cift. '^ Sine siet um< fajfeirte aSevjianbESiittung. ^ 5BJuflcr. ^ Zm^ imt fcuriiSi. known wherever German is spoken ^^ that almost every- body is able to quote from memory ^i passages from " The Hostage ^^," " The Fight viUh the Dragon," or that gem of poems, " The Lay of the Bell." Finally, SchiUer's prose works display a vast amount of intellectual culture '^^, and are beautiful specimens ^* of a style unquestionably ^5 ele- gant, pure, and classical. — A. L. Beckek. 63. THE JEW. ©er Suiie. — i Hindered, urn . . . gcSradfil. ^Su. 'IteSec. ^To thwart, DevbetBen. ^ To cool, nStu^ten. " Has a Jew no eyes ? ' Organe. ^ ®\\6>mii$tn. _ ' Ocfii^Ie unb . . . Antonio hath disgraced me, and hindered i me half a * million ; laughed at ^ my losses, mocked at ^ my gains, scorned my nation, thwarted * my bargains, cooled ' my friends, heated mine enemies ; and what is his reason 1 I am a Jew ! Hath not a Jew eyes ^ 1 hath not a Jew hands, organs '^, dimensions ^, senses, affections ^, passions 1 fed t * While in English, we say, half a million ; both the men ; so great a hero ; quite a nice cottage ; in German the article always obtains the^raf place, and we must render the above phrases, einc l^nlBe aHilKon; bte iciiicn (Seite SJifinna') ; tin fo gtoptr •6elb; ein gcm3 nctteS SjaMijiv.. ■|- Say : Does not the same food feed him, &o., rendering all those past participles by the Pres. Active. 88 ' HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^"aBenn ioic in atTcm Uc6rigen mi^ glei^en . . . ". Slel^nl^ feirt. i^SiaiiJKJjirirtlie^tm aSrifriet. " ®a8 anbcrS at8 Mae^e ? "Sie S^uflmi, tic i^r mi(^ W^xt, mitt it^ nadjial^mcii. ^^ Unb fcfilecjit muf tc e6 ge^en, Weiin icji'8 nicjit Sejfer inafijic, ots meine Se]^tmei|ler. with the same food, hurt with the same weapons, subject to the same diseases, healed by the same means, warmed and cooled by the same winter and summer, as a Christian is ? If you prick us, do we not bleed ? if you tickle us, do we not laugh ! if you poison us, do we not die ? and if you wrong us, shall we not revenge ? If we are like you in the rest 1", we will resemble ^'^ you in that. If a Jew wrong (iTid.) a Christian, what is his humility ? Eevenge. If a Christian wrong a Jew, what should his sufferance be by Christian example 12 ? Why, revenge i'. The villany you teach me I wUl execute i* ; and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction i^. — Shakspearb, Tlie Merchant of Venice, Act iii. sc. i. 64. THE TEW SHYLOOK AND BASSANIO. A DIALOGITE. — Sin Siatoj. Set Suke BW^ lint' SBnffonto. — iSutntcn. " 3luf, ^To be bound for a thing, flit ctloiiS r;nften. ^•Selfcn. "fflliv kne SSei-giifigen ma(I;cn. Shy. Three thousand ducats , — well. Bass. Ay, sir, for ^ three months. Shy. For three months, — well. Bass. For the which, as I told you, Antonio shall be bound '. Shy. Antonio shall become bound \ — well. Bass. May you stead * me ? Will you pleasure me ^^ ? Shall I know your answer? 6 HAVBT'8 ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 8!) - ^nftd bafitt. ' Any imputation to the contrary, cine SInjeige Bom ©cgent^eit. ^ SBenn i(^ foge, er til ein gutec SUtam, fo meine td^. " To liave you understand me = understand me, ttw^I'ctllanben'. '"JDafs cr miv gut ifl. " ®od^ I;5ngt fein SBcrmogett Bon SufSffcn aS. ^^ ®inc8 fcincr J5onbct«fi$iffe fft^rt mO). ^^ 3n. " Sluf bcm SBcgc iioi^. ^' Slav. " es gitt. " ©cerftuljei'. ^* 68 brotjt ®efo^r sou . , . i' 3|1 mir gut gcnug. ^" Seine SBurgfi^nfl. ^^ ^ic^ediiS). ^^ 3cS) will oScr auO) jicjieu fcin, oi Vi)'i Ciinn. -« ®amit. ^* SEBiff i* mi^ Bebente. Shy. Three thousand ducats, for three months, and Antonio bound '. Bass. Your answer to that. Shy. Antonio is a good man. Bass. Have you heard any imputation to the con- trary J ? Shy. Oh, no, no, no, no : — my meaning in saying he * is a good man is, to have you understand * me ^ that he is sufficient i"; yet his means are in supposition '"■, he hath an argosy bound to ^^ Tripolis, another to the Indies ; I understand moreover upon the Eialto (m.) he hath a third at 1^ Mexico, and a fourth for i* England. But ships are but 1* boards, sailors but ^^ men ; there be ^^ land-rats and water-rats, water-thieves and land-thieves; I mean, pirates i''; and then, there is the peril of ^^ water, winds, and rocks. The man is notwithstanding sufficient '^^ ; — three thousand ducats ; — I think I may take his bond ^\ Bass. Be assured ^^ you may. Shy. I will be assured I may ^ ; and that '^ I may be assured I will bethink me "*. May I speak with Antonio? * In tlie notes above, ..njo^tBerfttinbcn." In German tlie past parti- ciple is often employed in order to express a strong imperative ; e.g., umgefc^out, look about you! jugcgriffcn! fall to! ni^t ■gc))I(iubcrt! bie il^iirc jugema^t! don'ttalk! sliut the door! See " German Studies," p. 107, note 3. 90 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. "' aBtlTtn. == ©d^tueinEffcifi*. '"Unbfofort. ^ HBaS siit'l Sittttl. Bass. If it please you to ^^ dine with us. Shy. Yes, to smell pork 2^. ... I will buy witli you, sell with you, talk with you, walk with you, and so following ^^ ; but I will not eat with you, drink with you, nor pray with you. — What news^^ on the Eialto (ni.)i — Shakspeahb, The Merchant of Venice, act i. sc. iii. 65. HUNTING IN THE MIDDLE AGES.* . 3)tc Sngs tm SBiittctaltcr. — ^Zit SictlingSuntev^nttungEn. '5ut 3eU in aBaffmru^e. 'Sik SBeijc. ^Slttv mSfiig. ^SBri. ^Sine »or. ^eitfcjicnkc Stcigung. ' 3^v 3!u]|m. ^ iOre •^amjtgebnnfe. ' S^tct Sicker. i».5)o8 •SaulJtgefdSioft. "Sie SatEctiictje (ffafinetet). "SSom . . . nn. w ®tEi(tifoa8. " S3eTte6tc. " The Salic code, bo8 folifi^e ®efe^6u(^. '(I.) The favourite diversions ^ of the middle ages (sing.) in the intervals of war ^ were those of hunting and hawk- ing^. The former must in all countries be a source of pleasure ; but it seems to have been enjoyed in modera- tion * by the Greeks and the Komans. With ^ the northern invaders, however, it was rather a predondnant appetite " than an amusement ; it was their pride and their orna- ment'^, the theme ^ of their songs ^, the object of their laws, and the business i" of their lives (sing.) Falconry '"■, unknown as a diversion to the ancients, became from ^^ the fourth century an equally ^^ delightful ^* occupation. '(II.) From the Salic code^^, every age would furnish testimony to the ruling passion for these two species of chase, or, as they were sometimes called, the mysteries of * See Havet and Soheumpf's " German Studies," Lesson 76, " Hunting." HAVBT's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 91 " ©in 2Btnbf|)iel, n. " fHwc niejit. i' The delicate sex, Wi jarte woods and rivers. A knight seldom stirred from his house without a falcon on his wrist, or a greyhound^" that followed him. Thus are Harold and his attendants repre- sented in the famous tapestry of Bayeux. And in the monuments of those who died anywhere but ^^ on the field of battle, it is usual to find the greyhound lying at their feet, or the bird upon their wrist. Nor are the tombs of ladies without their falcon ; for this diversion, being of less danger and fatigue than the chase, was shared by the delicate sex.^* — H. Hallam. 66. GTILLIVEE'S ADVENTUEES IN BE0BDI6NAG. ®utli»et'8 aiScntcuer tn JSroBtitgnag.— ijpfJcgtc. ^ SmcS SagcS s ffllrinc aBorteritt. * I must needs, mufste H^ ttji'ti^t gcnug fein. (I.) I should have lived happy enough in that country, if my littleness had not exposed me to several ridiculous and troublesome accidents, some of which I shall venture to relate. Glumdalclitch often carried me into the gardens of the court in my smaller box, and would ^ sometimes take me out of it, and hold me in her hand, or set me down to walk. I remember, before the dwarf left the queen, he followed us one day ^ into those gardens, and my nurse ^ having set me down, he and I being close together, near some dwarf apple-trees, I must needs * show my wit by a sLUy allusion between him and the trees, whereupon 92 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 'To watch an opportunity, einc (Selcgen^eit ttjo^rnc^mcn. «SKtt ait ten Ol^rtn UraM pelcn. ' To hit, trcffcn. ' To chance to stoop, fid^ iufattig Mdcn. <> Suf cine ©Ue ©iitfcvnung. " SBar fo fteijl. " ffliit bencn idji i^ncit nidjit ttd^e ju {ommen Mcigte. the malicious rogue, watching his opportunity ^ when * I was walking under one of them, shook it directly over my head, by which a dozen apples, each of them near as large as a Bristol t barrel, came tumbling about my ears^, one of them hit ^ me on the back as I chanced to stoop ^, and knocked me down flat on my face; but I received no other hurt, and the dwarf was pardoned at my desire, because I had given the provocation. (II.) I cannot tell whether I were more pleased or mor- tified to observe in my solitary walks that the smaller birds did not appear to be at all afraid of me, but would hop about me, within a yard's distance ^, looking for worms and other food with as much indifference and security as if no creature at all were near them. I remember a thrush had the confidence i" to snatch out of my hand, with his bill> a piece of cake that Glumdalclitch had just given me for my breakfast. When I attempted to catch any of these birds they would boldly turn against me, endeavour- ing to peck my fingers, which I durst not venture within their reach " ; and then they would hop back unconcerned to hunt for worms or snails, as they did before. * The English " when " followed by an imperfect or pluperfect is invariably rendered by „at6." „3Benn" answers to the English j " when" with a, preser^t OT s, future. The former, „al8," relates to particular events: while the latter, „toenii," conveys general ideas; e.jr., 2118 Safnv tvmortet tnurbe, at8 tcr geinb gef(^t(igm war. 2Benn m alt ijl, lic6t man bie 5Rut;e — when one is old, one loves to be quiet ■l" See foot-note, page 45. HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GBEMAN. 93 1' A linnet, tin ^anjtiiig. '^ Therewith. " Er^olte fu^, unb . . . ^"S^Wge. ^'O6fiijion ^ i^n mir fo trcit Dom Sei6e ^ielt, aU ie^ tomite. '' Unb re midfi ni^t mit . . . rerct(i!)m fonnte. ^^ To relieve, ju J^utfc fommcn. '' ®en ^n J^evjog oon 2lI6a. — 1 atCee SBaf rfifjeinK^Ictt na($. '^ Einfeittg. ' SStinb. * ®ie miltete aSreftil^'^ungStDetfe auf tern SBcge Set. ' IteBerjeugung link SSetfB^nung. " Sin gciorener. ' SScreeiSfu^vung. ' ®tc rait tern ©i^iuertt. ' Jtfln aSeBoItmaii^ttgtcr. ■"• Could have been fitter, tonnte iejfer gecignet fdn. " Impassible nature, uncmtjfinkli^e (Semiit^Smt. ^'^ Zie tntjxiftn Oeiflcr. ■" Turn from their purposes, jur 0la^gte6ig!dt ftimmcn. (I.) The truth seems to be \ that Alva was a man of an arrogant nature, an inflexible will, and of the most narrow ^ and limited views. His doctrine of implicit ' obedience went -as far as that of Philip himself. In en- forcing it, he disdained the milder methods of * argument or conciliation^. (It was) on force, brute force, alone (that) he relied. He was bred a^ soldier, early accustomed to the stern discipline of the camp. The only law he recognised was martial law ; his only argument '' the sword *. No agent ® could have been fitter ^^ to execute the designs of a despotic prince. His hard impassable nature^^ was not to be influenced by those affections which sometimes turn the most obdurate ^^ from their purposes i'. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 103 "Seine iptfinc. "3n ken Sriiebettanbeii. i<'3cttet. "To post up, anf^tngen. isffinip. 13 To hold light, uttac^ten. "' SSk nu^. ^^ Uitb. == To turn, n6kingen. ^3 -which he professed = which according to his profession, rtaiS/ feincm 2lu8f))rud!). ''* PosseBsive. ^ ®m fount eiit Sug son SWenfi^lic^feit mtfcerte. ^^ 3n bcm merMtmc^ ftrengcn SBefen. ^7 u„i, j^^j sa UnSeugfam. "^ To carry into execu- tion, auSful^ren. As little did he know of fear, nor could danger deter him from carrying out his work i*. (II.) The hatred he excited in the Netherlands ^^ was such that, as he was warned, it was not safe for him to go out after dark. Placards ^^ were posted up ^"^ in Brussels ^^ menacing his life if* he persisted in his prosecution of Egmont. He held such menaces as light '^^ as 2" he did the entreaties of the countess, or ^^ the arguments of her counsel. Far from being moved by personal considera- tions, no power could turn ^^ him from that narrow path which he professed ^^ to regard as the path of duty. He went surely, though it might be slowly, towards the ^ mark, crushing by his iron will every obstacle that lay in his track. We shudder at the contemplation of such a character, relievedf by scarcely a single touch of humanity^*. Yet we must admit there is something which challenges our admiration in the stern, uncompromising manner ^\ without fear or ^^ favour, with which a man of his indomitable ^^ temper carries his plans into execution 2'. — Peescott's History of the Eeign of Philip the Second. * 7/i wcnn, requires the svhjunctive of its dependent verb, when the latter is in the imperfect or plwperfect : teenn i(!5i ^ ittc, if I had; menn i($ gc^aSt ^otte, iflhadhad. f The English past participle must frequently, in German, be resolved into a relative sentence, either active or passive. 104 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 71. HISTORY. Sic (Sef^it^te. — i giner bretu^tigflen aKnnner. ^ To breed, Sttoor. Stingen, past indef. '^ SKit. * Being at . . . aU n cineS SngeS niii . . . flanb. ^ Put the verb in the active voice. ' From his costume, frinec Zxad)t no(^. ' To suppose to be, fur . . fatten. * Of him. ^ 3)ie SBadjie. ^'' To lead away, aSfu^ten. ^^ Zmd; ten ©i^Mjerlfltc!^. ■'^ iSon eintgen Seuten. '^ Sntim. '^ Say on him. ^ ®cin ©rjlaunen. ^^ JEaum ein hia^JreS SBott. " an. (I.) Sir Walter Ealeigh, one of the most gallant wortMes^ tliat England ever bred 2, being confined in the Tower of London, there employed himself in ^ the composition of the second volume of his immortal History of the World. Being* at the window of his apartment, and thinking gravely of the duty of the his- torian, and the respect due to truth, suddenly his attention was attracted ^ by a great noise and tumult in the court under his eyes. He saw a man strike another, whom, from his costume ^, he supposed to be '' an officer, and who, drawing his sword, passed it through the body of the person * who struck him ; but the wounded man did not fall till he had knocked down his adversary with a stick. The guard ^ coming up at this moment seized the officer, and led him away i", while, at the same time, the body of the man who was killed by the sword-thrust ^^ was borne by some persons 1^, who had great difficulty in penetrating the crowd which surrounded them. (II.) Next day Raleigh received a visit from an inti- mate 1^ friend, to whom he related the scene which he had witnessed the preceding day , and which had made a strong impression on his mind^*. What was his surprise i^, how- ever, when his friend said that there was scarcely a word of truth 1^ in ^"^ any of the circumstances he had narrated ; HA. vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 105 w Set »ecmeintti(!^e. " ®ar fein Of ficicv. '» Eer SeWeittc. ^i That it was he who, lap er. ''^ The body of the dead, ten fieiil;nam. ^ 3)re •§i)f. ^^ To try, »or @eri^t ju Stingen. *^ Are of the greatest exacti- tude, fmb genau fo, tetc icji fnge. "^ ItnS gevnte gcgciiiiter. ^' 2Bo cine »on ten gliefen ^i'^er ifi aU tie antern. ^* ®ecal>t nuf (r.uf temfereen) bem ©teinc fap i(^. ^'a03al;rcnb bn8 ®nnje Bor fid; ging. ^"The scratch, bie ©tljviimme. ^^ To wrench out of, entminben, Dat. (bm JsSnben). ^^3n jeber •Sinfidjit. that the supposed ^^ officer was no officer at all '', but a domestic ^^ of a foreign ambassador ; that it was he who ^^ gave the first blow ; that he did not draw his sword, but that the other had seized it and passed it through the body of the domestic before any one had time to prevent him ; that at this moment a spectator among the crowd knocked down the murderer with a stick ; and that some strangers bore away the body of the dead ^\ He added that the court ^' had sent an order to try 2* the murderer immediately, and to show him no mercy, becaiise the dead man was one of the principal servants of the Spanish ambassador. (III.) " Allow me to tell you," replied Kaleigh to his friend, " that I may be mistaken about the station of the murderer, but all the other circumstances are of the greatest exactitude ^^, because I saw every incident with (my) own eyes, and they all happened under my window in that very place opposite us ^', where you may see one of the flagstones higher than the rest ^''." " My dear Ealeigh," replied his friend, " it was on that very stone I was sitting ^^ -when the whole ^^ occurred, and I received this little scratch '" that you see on my cheek in wrench- ing ^1 the sword out of the hands of the murderer ; and, upon my honour, you '^ have deceived yourself on all 106 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 8S SaS aKtmufcri))t. 34 To- reflect, ntHijtcntm. '^ Ucljct. '^ If I cannot assure myself of an event, wenn ti$ niCjit cinmcit cincr SBegcSenl^ett fi^er Oin. 87 To happen, fidji jutrngen. ^^ SBie fann id^ e8 magm. '' ©ii^ ereignet "^dbm. ^'' To owe, f^utbig fete. " And watched it : . . imb fa^ ru^ig J«, Bis ba8 tE|te SBtatt BerBtnnnt war. points." Sir Walter, when alone, took the manuscript ^^ of the second volume of his History, and, reflecting^* upon ^5 what had passed, said, " How many falsehoods must there be in my work! If I cannot assure my- self of an event ^^ which happened ^'^ under my own eyes, how can I venture ^^ to describe those which happened thousands of years before I was born, or those even which have passed ^^ at a distance since my birth ? Truth ! Truth ! this is the sacrifice that I owe *" to thee ! " Upon which he threw his manuscript, the work of years, into the fire, and watched it tranquilly consumed to the last leaf *i. — TiMEs's Curiosities of Kislory. 72. CONVERSATION BETWEEN TWO YOUNG ENGLISHMEN AT ROME. t\)fxh&i ghjtfdjen jtoci jungcn Sngtanbern in SRom. — i I will suppose you, i(!j) mitt ten gfiiTt fe^cii. '^ Su jiubitefl (buIdj.) ju Sfom 'D]|ne UntcrSvccjiung. *5Biit. =3n. ^ Their manners, t^r ffiencl^men. ' And forming your own, unb Silbefl !Dcin eigcneS. I will suppose you ^ at Rome, study ^ six hours uninter- ruptedly^ with* Mr Harte* every morning, and passing your evenings with ^ the best company of Rome, observing their manners ^, and forming your own '' ; and I will suppose a number of idle, sauntering, illiterate English, as there * SDJit .§Enn .^ortc — ^because the tutor lives with young Stanhope ; 6ct would imply that young Stanhope went to Mr Harte's house. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 107 8 There, bajcliil. ^ Ste fids jufammenlcien. '" I daresay, t^ kente. '1 Drive, cine ©(jcijievfo^rt macjicn. ^^ Somewhere out of town, in tie Umgegenk. ^^ ®ut, bonn tommcn toir iificrmorgen. •'*To see at home, aScMe em))fan3m. ^^ Unb tunS maSjjfi bu bmn, K8 . . ._ '^ SHtcin. commonly is * there *, living entirely with one another ", supping, drinking, and sitting late at each other's lodgings. I will take one of these pretty fellows, and give you the dialogue between him and yourself, such as I daresay ^^ it win be on his side, and such as I hope it will be on yours. Englishman. Will you come and breakfast with me to-morrow ? There wUl be four or five of our countrymen ; we have provided chaises, and we will drive ^^ somewhere out of town 1^ after breakfast. Stanhope. I am very sorry I cannot ; but I am obliged to be at home all morning. E. Why, then, we will come and breakfast with you. S. I cannot do that either ; I am engaged. E. Well, then, let it be the next day ^^. S. To teU. you the truth, it can be no day in the morn- ing; for I neither go out nor see anybody at home^* before twelve. E. And what do you do with yourself^^ till twelve o'clock 1 • S. I am not by myself ^^ ; I am with Mr Harte. E. Then what do you do with him ? * Tliere is, there are, must be rendered by ei giSt (gieSt) whenever there is not a narrowly circumscribed place mentioned, and when no individuals are pointed out. Thus for instance : There are philosophers who say, ti gitt $^itofot)^en, 'eaiUijt fagen; there are no lions in Europe, eS giSt leine SSwen in SurolJa. But, there are children in this house, ti finb Jtinber im ■Snufc ; there are the men, vilio ... bo flnb bic SRanner, Wcte^e. . . . 'See "German Studies," p. 67, note 1. 108 HAVBT's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. I'KunboS ifl ititc cine fd^onc llHtet^attung ! ^^To take orders, tit ien jetfHii^en ©tnnt tvetcit. '' Yes, my father's orders I believe I must take, mcin SSntet mifl, tofg id) nteine 3eit Bend Je (the quibble cannot be translated into Perman), i^m ntufSteiji gel^ori^en. ™ Your nurse, tcincm aBSrter. ^^ And all that, unb a^itlii^cm iieug. ^^ 3i!!l ^aSe t^n bic ganje SBtKljic ni^t bti ®e|i(^te geft^m. '^^ I • do not care a bit, t(:() ftnge ni(^t8 katritacj). ■^'' For my own good, ju mtitiem !8e|lcit. ^ To like to be with, gem tei . . fein. "* ©initvei^. ^ Will you be with us, un« @ek\^(^aft leiHen. S. We study different things ; we read, we converse. E. Very pretty amusement, indeed ^'^ ! Are you to take orders ^*, then ? S. Yes, my father's orders I believe I must take ^®. E. And, pray, are you to obey your nurse ^'', too, this same — what's his name? — Mr Harte ? S. Yes. E. So he stuffs you all morning with Greek and Latin, and logic, and all that ^\ I have a nurse, too ; but I never look into a book with him in my life ; I have not so much as seen the face of him this week^^, and I don't care a bit 2' if I never see again. S. My tutor never desires anything of me that is not reasonable, and for my own good 2* ; and therefore I like to be 2^ with him. E. Very sententious ^* and edifying, upon my word ! At this rate you will be reckoned a " very good young man." S. Why, that will do me no harm. E. Will you be with us^'^ to-morrow (in the) evening, then ? We shall be ten with you ; and I have got some excellent wine ; and we '11 be very, very merry. S. I am very much obliged to you; but I am en- HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 109 II fflci KnvbiiwI atljanu "^ Unb tiami miifa (folt) i^. ="" SSci ict fftau bc8 Dcnrtmnifdicn ©efcnbteit. *^ Sdj) Icnne tuebet ®dj)(im no^ gur^t. '^ Easy, ungejnjuiigm. ^ Unb bariim toevben wit ja iti8 SluStonb gef^icEt. ^4 grj^ «)ar;i- ? ^' SPapa. gaged for all the evening to-morrow, — first at Cardinal Albani's^', and then to sup^^ at the Venetian Ambas- Badress's ^''. E. How can yx)u like being always with these foreigners? I never go amongst them, with all their, formalities and ceremonies. I am never easy in company with them ; and I don't know why, but I am ashamed. S. I am neither ashamed nor afraid ^\ I am Very easy ^^ with them ; they are very easy with me. I get the lan- guage, .and I see their characters by conversing with them; and that is what we are sent abroad for ^^, it is not ^* ? E. I hate your fine women's company, — your women of fashion, as they call 'em. I don't know what to say to them, for my .part. S. Have you ever conversed with them 1 E. No, I never conversed with them ; but I have been sometimes in their company, though much against my will. S. But at 'least they have done you no hurt. Tastes are different, you know, and every man follows his own. E. That 's true ; but thine 's an odd one. Stanhope. All morning with the nurse, all evening in formal fine company, and all day long afraid of old daddy ^^ in England. Thou art a queer fellow, and I am afraid there is nothing to be made of thee. S. I am afraid so, too. E. Well then, good night to you ; you have no objec- 110 HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^"To have no objection to, nic^ts ju dwai ju fagcn I;a6en, ''Tha puppy, bee u and @ie. The first implies a certain degree of famili- arity, founded upon affection and friendship, and is used hy relations and intimate friends. Teachers also address their young pupils, and employers their young servants, with S u. In quarrels and oppro- brious language, 3)u is also heard — hence above, ©uScngel. On the contrary, the polite mode of address is ©ic. N.B. — The posses- sive pronouns must always be in conformity with the personal pronouns : thus, 35 « corresponds with tein; i^t with euev, and @ie with S^t. H 114 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GBEMAN. ' 'SSo mi womit iafi mi(!^ in Stm ©oc! ^erumtricB. * Beyond my intended , time, ISnger aU i<^ sorge^ait Ijatte. ^I was rather in a hum-drum mood, t^i langtociWe miii!) fo jicmlii^. ^ To entertain me, ju mrinre Unter^attmig. ' To steal back to, pc^ roegfle^Ien. ^ Srautrin ©onntag'S. ° 3n in „0lcgiment«to(iS)ter." " $ercli(^. ^"^ Say, as the next morning was bright . . . '^^SSxaS) i(t) man Soger ab. -"Su rcdjiter Seit.fur He S)amp^d^xe. "Express train, ©(Sj^nettjug, m. ^°To look forward to, (iiij) auf ctooS sorfel^cn. '° 3m •§erren»@oton. " Whom . . . but — tocn onberS att. ^^ 3m Gifenial^ntoageit fe|tcn wii un8 jufom- men. "aSerging. 'i" Slimmt 3:5etl. York ^, last week, where I was detained beyond my in- tended time * by a snowstorm. I was rather in a hum-drum mood ^ during my sojourn, and although I had big dinners, gay balls, Italian operas, and Banvard's diorama to entertain me % I would willingly have stolen back '' to " my native plains," and given up the " gay world '' and all terrestrial joys. The last evening of my detention, however, the weather and my dull humour cleared up ; the latter, doubt- less, under the influence of Sonntag's * charms, who, in the " Daughter of the Kegiment ^," played and sang divinely i". The next morning proving bright ^^ and fair, I broke up my encampment 12, and got down to the foot of Cortlandt Street, in time for the ferry-boat ^^ which took over pas- sengers for the express train i*. I looked forward ^^ to a dull wintry journey, and laid in a stock of newspapers to while away time ; but in the gentleman's cabin ^^ of the ferry-boat, whom should I see but^'' Thackeray? We greeted each other cordially. He was on his way to Philar delphia, to deliver a course of lectures. We took seats beside each other in the cars ^% and the morning passed off 1^ delightfully. He seems still to enjoy his visit to the United States exceedingly, and enters into^" social life with great relish. HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 115 season bcm a Diet ®iitc« ju fogcn toeif. 22 SecmaJmmb. «'To ruffle one's temper, iemnntcS ©emiit^Sru^e floren. "* SBtc re 1114 mctlen liep. 2=3Iu6 tcr Seitung. "^mu eg fi^on kuittet tear. 273^ ,„„fftj ^j^^^ JtennebV'8, ober sictme^f ^ecrn ®in^'6 §au8 cifcagen. '8 o^ ^^j riniiftet. *» ©in ©citenjlucE. sugreUi^. si3ugnSen. He had made a pleasant visit to Boston; seen much of Prescott— ywhom he speaks highly of 21 — Ticknor, Long- fellow, &c. Said the Bostonians had published a smash- ing 22 criticism on him ; which, however, does not seem to have ruffled his temper ^s, as I understand he 2* cut it out of the newspaper ^^, and enclosed it in a letter to a female friend in New York. I arrived, after darkle, at Balti- more. I had to inquire my way to Mr Kennedy's, or rather Mr Gray's ^^^ as Mr K. shares the house of his father-in-law. The door was opened by Mr Gray's old factotum and valley-de-sham * Phil, an old negro who formed a, great friendship with me at Saratoga last summer, and, I am told, rather values himself on ^8 our intimacy. The moment he recognised me, he seized me by the hand with such ex- clamations of joy that he brought out old Mr Gray, and then Miss Gray, into the hall ; and then a scene took place worthy of forming a companion piece ^9 to the return of the prodigal son. In a moment I felt myself in my paternal home, and have ever since been (pres.) a favoured child of the house. To be sure ^^, there was no fatted calf killed; but there was a glorious tea-table spread, with broiled oysters and other substantial accessories ^\ worthy of a traveller's appetite. Here I am, delightfully fixed in this most hospitable, spacious, comfortable mansion, with * Valet de chambre, JJammettienw. 116 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. "'Suv aSetiiigung. ^' To attend to, gu Bcfriebigen. Kennedy's library and study at command ^^, where I am scribbling this letter, and with my friend Phil ever at hand to take care of me, and attend to '^ all my wants and wishes. 75. EOBINSON CRUSOE'S CLOTHES AND UMBEEILA. SRoitnfon'S Sleticr unb ®onnenf(^)trm. — ■'To sare, nuf^ekn. "SXfine. ^ I had them hung up, unb i(^ Tieg fie . . . pngen. ^•Siet* kurdji. ^Pluperf. of tuerben. ^Slai^m^m. ' To shoot off the rain, urn ben SRcgen oSjutenlen. ^A suit of clothes wholly, einen ganjcn Slnjug. ^ To make shift with, fid) mtt . . . ju Be^etfcn miffen. (I.) I have mentioned that I saved^ the skins of all the creatures ^ that I killed, I mean four-footed ones, and I had ■" them hung up * stretched out with sticks in the sun, by which means * some of them were ^ so dry and hard that they were fit for little, but others were very use- ful. The first thing that I made of these was a great cap for my head, with the hair on the outside " to shoot ofif the rain '' ; and this I performed so well, that, after, I made me a suit of clothes wholly * of the skins. I muSt not omit to acknowledge >that they were wretchedly made ; for, if I was a bad carpenter, I was a worse tailor. However, they were such as I made very good shift with^, and when * When the verbs "to have'' or "to get," ha,ve an accusatire after them followed by a past participle, meaning to catise a thing to be done, they are rendered by lafen with the following verb in the infinitive : to haiie books bound, SBiic^er tinbm laffen; to get made, ino(^m tnfTni (faire faire, ia French), HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 117 w Tobe kept very dry, 30115 trocfen Heitcn. ^^ To spend time and pains, ft(^ 3cit unb IDJiil^c fofteu tnffen. ^'' To be in great want of a thing, etnev ©adjje fe^r irtfirftia fein. ■"* 3n SSvoitlicn. '* Sing. ^^ Every jot as great here, ^icr mdj)t mtnbcr. ^* The equinox, He iEng» unt Slac^t* gtei(^c. ■'' 3m Sreien. ^' ©onncnfcijietn, m. ^^ To take a world of pains with a thing, fic^ unenbK^ Bide SBfu^e mit cinet ©n^c gclien — translate, therewith. ^'' It was a great while before, ci bouerte langc bis. ^' StmciS, inS ben Slnfcjiein ^nttc, 6i'nucj)6ni gu fein. "^ Nay, ja. *' To hit the way, bii8 3le^te finben. ^* A thing is to my mind, eiite Sa(t)e gefattt inir. ^^ SBracfjte tdp ctneit ju ©tnnbe. °' To answer in- differently well, leibK(^ taugen. ^' To make an umbrella let down, cincn ©t^irm fo ma(t)m, bnfs itmn i^n einjie^en lann. I was out, if it happened to rain, the hair of my waistcoat and cap being outermost, I was kept very dry i". (II.) After this I spent 11 a great deal of lime and pains to make an umbrella ; I was indeed in great want of one ^2, and had a great mind to make one. I had seen them made * in the BfazUs 1^, where they are very useful in the great heats 1* there, and I felt the heats {sing.) every jot as great here ^^, and greater too, being nearer the equinox i^j besides, as I was obliged to be much abroad I'i', it was (a) most useful (thing) to me, as well for the rains (dnff.) as the heats ^^. I took a world of pains with it^^, and was a great while before ^° I could make anything likely to hold ^i ; nay ^^, after I thought I had hit the way ^', I spoiled two or three before I made one to my mind 2* ; but at last I made ^^ one that answered indif- ferently weM ^^ ; the main difficulty, I found, was to make it let down '"'. I could make it spread, but if it did not * The verb fe^ en, when used in phrases similar to the above, simply takes the infinitive present of the active voice before it, instead of the English past participle, besides remaining itself in the ivfinitioe. I had seen them made, t^ I;atte fie madjien fe^cn. See foot-note, p. 81. See also " German Studies," Lesson 15. 118 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^' ©8 gelaitg mte, il^n fo ju mo^ett, bafsti^ t^n aufftionnen tonitte; aba tarn ionntc ii^ i^tt nt(fit nSf tiannen unb rinjiel^en. ® Translate, I could only carry it over my head. ^^ Uitb tae ging n^t. ^^ Sin ©cijiirmba^. '^ To keep off the sun, sot bet ©onne fdjju^eit. '^ To have no need of a thing, tine ©adfie ni^t iztmS)m, let down too, and draw in ^% it was not portable for me any way but just over my head ^^, which would not do ^°. However, at last, as I said, I made one to answer ^^, and covered it with skins, the hair upwards, so that it cast off the rain like a pent-house ^^, and kept oflf the sun '^ so effectually that I could walk out in the hottest of (the) weather, and when I had no need of it ^', could close it, and carry it under my arm. — De Foe's Robinson, Crusoe, 76. THE COUNTRY INN. !Die Sanbl^etSetge. — ^ In the honour = to have the honour. 'aUert^en. ' aSequemt^Irit. * Sin Hofec Sungc. ACT I. BOENE 2. — ^LADT GOODBODT, MISS MABTIN, MISS HANNAH CLODPATE, SIR JOHN HAZBLWOOD, WOKSHIPTON. Enter Sir John Hazelwood. Sir John. I am happy in the honour ^ of seeing your ladyship and these fair ^ ladies. Lady Good. And we reckon ourselves particularly for- tunate in meeting with you, Sir John ; you are very good indeed to give up so much of your accommodation ^ to poor storm-bound travellers. Allow me to present my nieces to you. (After presenting her nieces.) It is a long time since we met, Sir John ; you were then a mere lad *, and I was not myself a very old woman. HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GEEMAIT. 119 * I don't care to say how long it ia ago, ii^ tottt iti^t fngett, tme tag cS fc|on Ijev tfl. 6 3(^ ^offe, e8 ge'^t t^m gut. ' S8 ge^t t^m rec^t gut. ' ©e^t fm^. ^ To be about to, gcrabe wollen. ^^ aufofferung. " To stare at, anjlarren. ^^ You will admit of this plea for being better acquainted, @te tterben iae ote ]5i™ct(i(ient>en ©tunb fur due n^ttt ffletonntfc^rtft geltm laffen. SiK John. I remember perfectly the last time I had the pleasure of seeing your ladyship, though, being a bachelor still, I don't care to say how long it is ago ^. Your brother, Sir Kowland, was with you then; I hope he is well 8. Ladt Good. He is very well ^ ; I ought to have intro- duced his daughter to you particularly. (SiK John going up to Miss Martin.) No, no ! this (pointing to Hannah) is my brother Kowland's daughter. She is somewhat like her mother who died, as you know, at a very early age ^, leaving him but this child. (WoESHiPTON, who is about to ^ present witJt much devo- tion 1" a glove to Miss Maetin, which she has dropped, lets it fall out of his hand, and retiring some paces, stares with astonishment at ^^ Hannah.) SiE John {to Hannah.) I am happy of having this opportunity of paying my respects to the daughter of my old friend. I hope, madam, you will admit of this plea for being better acquainted i^. Lady Good, {aside to Hannah.) Answer him, child. Hannah {curtseying awkwardly.) My father is very well, I thank you, sir. Miss Maetin {looking slyly at Worshipton.) I fancy, after all, I must pick up this glove myself. I am afraid some sudden indisposition ^ Woe. {confusedly.) I beg pardon! I — I have a slight- pain in my jawbone ; I believe it is the toothache. 1 120 HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^'©0 fd^tiittm. "3u tnctncm unt mcintt ifteutitc SSe^cn. "Sagegen. ^°To press one, in cincn kringen. " Za^e. "To defend one's self, fi(|) fltfittien. "28ifHi(!!) tenn. ^o jgei ©eitc. Lady Good. The toothaclie ! how I pity you ! there is no pain in the world so bad ^'. But I have a cure for it that I always carry in my pocket for the good of myself i* and my friends : do swallow some drops of it ; it wiU cure you presently (offering him a phial.) Woe. {retreating from her.) You are infinitely obliging, madam, but I never take anything for it ^^. Lady Good. (Jollmning him with a phial.) Do * take it, and hold it in your mouth before you swallow it. It is very nauseous, but it will cure you. Wok. (still retreating.) Prayt madam, be so obliging as to excuse me ; I cannot possibly swallow the potion. Lady Good, (^resdng^^ him still more earnestly.) Indeed, indeed, it will cure you, and I must positively insist upon" your taking it. Woe. {defending ^^ himself vehemently.) Positively i', madam, you oblige me to say — (brealdng suddenly away). Pest take all the drugs in the world ! (aside ^'^.) SiE John. You must not. Lady Goodbody, insist on curing a man against his wUl ; he likes the pain, perhaps, let him enjoy it. Woe. {returning.) Indeed, I am very much obliged to your ladyship; I am much better now. Forgive my im- patience ; I don't know what I said. * The English emphatic imperative "do," etc., as above in "do take it," is in German rendered by "nut" or n'teeiji" following the usual imperative form ; e.g., ne^mm Sic c8 iniv; tomincn ©ie icSj, do come. t Pray, fflittc, the / is left out, as in English. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 121 s^ To have faith in, aJci'tcnucn auf ctiuaS fiaScn. '" §£ut ju Soge. =' ©cfcUfeiSwftevin. "* But that, knfs nid;t. 2= Dnf3 ici) tag nicfjt leibcn tann. '6 Sic ©viipe. 27 3^ ^(,5,, (jjjj ^jji (,„f on^^ ©ooMiob^'j anftdjiten ge^atten. Lady Good. I am very glad you are better, and. I for- give you with all my heart, though it is a remedy that I have long had the greatest faith in ^i, distilled by myself from the v6ry best ingredients, and has cured a great many people, I assure you. (2'o Sir John.) — So you took this lady for Sir Rowland's daughter — {pointing to Miss Martin.) Do you see no traces in her countenance of my sister and Colonel Martin 1 She lost both her parents early, and she has been ever since my child. Sir John. You are happy in having such a daughter. Lady Good. I am so j she is a very good girl, and has many excellent qualities, which young women nowadays ^^ do but rarely possess. Sir John. I daresay she is a most amiable com- panion ^^, whom you would be very unwilling to part with. Lady Good. Nay, Sir John, I am not so selfish, but that 2* I should willingly give her up to a good husband. Miss Martin (aside to Lady Goodbody. ) Ah ! ma'am, why will you do this ? You know I can't bear it ^^. (Aloud to Sir John.) You must not trust Lady Goodbody's account of me ; for if she thought size ^^ necessary to make a woman perfect, it would be difficult to persuade her that I am not six feet high. Sir John. Excuse me, ma'am, I have always trusted to Lady Goodbody's opinions ^^, and have never felt more inclination to do so than at this moment. Lady Good. She always behaves like a fool when she 122 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO QEEMAlf. ^ Unb mtt ttefet cinjigen SluSnn^me. ^ §dtte. 2° Snrf id!) kte Sl^te is praised, and excepting this ^^, I don't know a fault that she has ^^. {Enter a servant announcing dinner.) (To Miss Maktin.) 60 before^ my dear, apd place my chair as you know I like it. {Exit Miss Maetin, followed hy Sir John leading out Lady Goodbody.) Woe. [looMnff askance at Hannah, and then going up to her with an unviilling shrug.) Permit me to have the honour ^. (Exeunt.) — Joanna Baillie. 77. CHAEACTEK OF WHIIAM IH. S^araftcr SIBit^cIme iti Sirttten. — 1 Otopritimten. '^ Oranien. ^ Had brown hair. '' And of a clear and delicate complexion, unb war son Hajfcr, jorter ©cfKifjtSfarSe. ^ Composed to, . . . b(i8 ®m|i uiib SBurbe auSbvucffe. ^ gei,,. ' ©ngljtuflij. ' Sic UcSerStetSfcl (pi.) Thus lived and died William III., King of Great Britain 1 and Prince of Orange ^. He had a thin and weak body, was brown-haired ^, and of a clear and delicate complejdon*. He had a Koman eagle nose, bright and sparkling eyes, a large front, and a countenance composed' to gravity and authority. All his senses were critical ^ and exquisite. He was always asthmatical ', and the dregs ^ of the small- HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 123 ' Za asiattttn. ^'' Slui. " Most commonly, mAftm. ^^ SBlit tottrigra Ssate. i^And thia was. " an etnem ©^ta^ttage. '= Equally well, mif glei(fiet Sfei'tigteit. ^"®a8 Sateinifcjic, ®:iimifil)e unb 3taIienifc:S)e. ''That amazed all about him, iai feinc gaitje UmgcSung in Scflaunen fejte. ■''In a, true discerning, in ctnec v^ttgm Unterf(};eibung8gaBc " eeine SptSne. pox ^ falling * on his lungs, he had a constant deep cough. His behaviour was solemn and serious, seldom clieerful, and but ^^ with a few. He spoke little, and very slowly, and most commonly ^^ with a disgusting dryness ^^, which ^^ was his character at all times, except in a day of battle ^* ; for then he was aU fire, though without passion ; he was then everywhere, and looked to everything. He spoke Dutch, French, English, and German, equally well i*, and understood the Latin, Spanish, and Italian ^^ ; so that he was well fitted to command armies composed of several nations. He had a memory that amazed all about him i^, for it never failed him. He was an exact observer of men and things. His strength lay rather in a true dis- cerning 1* and a sound judgment, than in imagination or invention. His designs '^^ were great and good. — Bitenet. * Use the conjunction Wcit or ba. When in English the present participle is used by itself, i.e., without a preposition, to denote cause, reason, or time, as in Latin or French, it must always be replaced by the corresponding conjunction with the finite verb ; e.g., this being the case, b(i bic8 ber gaU Irnr ; my father being ill, toeit mein SSatec Iran! t|l. Translate here, tueit i^in bte UeScrSIeiSfet Set astntttrn auf bic fiungc gcfi^fagen :^attm. 124 HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GEEJIAN'. 78. PREDEEICK THE GEEAI.* ffttcfcti^ bcr ®i-o^£. — 'After his accession . . . nad^kem aim 3a1jve ... ben Sipvon SPrcu^enS 6e(iiegeit ^ntte. " To apply one's self, [iS) toibmcn. 'Public business, kic ©taotSgefiiSiaftc. '"ffreilidSi. *To exercise superintendence, Sluffif^t fii^ven. 'Swjeije. ^ To be. '3ur. " Um i^itet fettji wtftcii. ' To intermeddle, ftdj) cinjumif^cn. '" To make felt, fitj^ten jii tnfen. •" Fellow-creatures, SHtmcnf^icn. ^^ 2li> gemtgt. '' To ask, um . . frngen. '* To delegate ample powers, tteilgct^cnbc fficltmit^ten 311 iiiertvagen. '^ ©djirriBrc. ■'* ©(^a^metflet. -' OBerfcIb^ctr. ^^ •SniibelS. unb Supijmtnijier. '^ For , . . toie aud; bet bcr iniiern imb ouvcvii 3lngelcgcnt;eiten. ™ @lat[mei|ler. (I.) Frederick the Great, son of Frederick William, waa born on the 24th of January 1712. After his accession to the throne of Prussia in 1 740 ^, he applied himself ^ to public business * after a fashion unknown among kings. Louis XIV., indeed ^°, had been his own Prime Minister, and had exercised * a general superintendence over all the departments ^ of the government, but this was not sufficient for Frederick. He was not content with being ^ his own Prime Minister, he would be his own sole minister. A love of '' labour for its own sake % a restless and insatiable longing to dictate, to intermeddle®, to make his power felt 1", a profound scorn and a great distrust of his fellow- creatures 11, made him unwilling ^^ to ask ^' counsel, to confide important secrets, to delegate ample powers ^K (11.) The highest functionaries under Frederick's govern- ment were mere clerks ^^, and were not so much trusted by him as valuable clerks are often trusted by the heads of departments. He was his own Treasurer ^% his own Com- mander-in-chief ^'i, his own Intendent of Public Works, his own Minister for Trade and Justice ■'*, for Home Affairs and Foreign Affairs ^®, his own Master of the Horse ^'', • See Havet and ScHEUMPi''B " German Studies," pp. 16 and 17, . Svicbvi^ bev- ®vof e." HAVEX'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 125 '1 ^aiierjofmeiftcv iiiib Jtnmnicvr;cn-. *^ Otcricamtcr. '' SBiiifftc ct. -■•Suvcr; cineii fOiiigtid^cn Scirttrttn. ''By one's own band,- cigen- ^anbig. ^ Save, nckn. "' aSevtnngtc. '^ Uctertragen. =9 3iii,-(j,„it,(„. '"His scrawls, fcin (Seltitd. »' SBimUgeS. ^^aimttic^e. ^^s ^o))icv. mafcjjine. '* ©teiiibcudijveffc. 35 jJaWneMfctrctar. ^^ !Dcv 3lrt. ^7 ajeribeiij. 38 Sut(j) ken te(}tm eiI6oten. '» ipruftc. *» SUJit f^arfem Sugc. ^^ Free from, or;ne. ■*' That some fraud might he practised on him, c8 modjite i^m ein Stieic^ gefljielt toevtcii. Steward and Chamberlain ^\ Matters of -whicli no chief of an office ^^ in any other goverment would ever hear, were, in this singular monarchy, decided by the king in person. If a traveller wished for a good place to see a review, he had to ^3 write to Frederick, and received next day, from a royal messenger^*, Frederick's answer, signed by Frederick's own hand ^^. The king could tolerate no will, no reason, in the state, save ^^ his own. He wished for ^'' no nobler assistance than that of penmen who had just understanding enough to translate ^^ and transcribe -', to make out his scrawls ^°, and to put his concise ^^ " Yes,'' and " No '' into an official ^^ form. Of the higher intel- lectual faculties, there is as much in a copying machine ^^ or a lithographic press ^ as he required from a secretary of the cabinet ^^. (III.) His own exertions were such ^^ as were hardly to be expected from a human body or a human mind. At Pots- dam, his ordinary residence ^^, he rose at three in summer and four in winter. A page soon appeared, with a huge basket fuU of all the letters which had arrived for the king by the last courier ^^. He examined ^^ the seals with a keen eye *", for he was never for a moment free from *i the suspicion that some fraud might be practised on him*^- Then he read the letters, divided them into several 126 HAVEt's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 'To signify one's pleasure, feinen SfJSiKcn ju crteniieit geiett. ^Some cutting epigram, Seifcnbe ©(jottoerfe. 'Urn. *©etne8 SageWEvIeS. " To be in attendance, feinc 5Hufi»avtitng mac^cn, " Sfto^m tie Sogc8» 6cfcl;le tit SBcjug nuf attc . . . cntgcgm. ' To review, tnujlcra. ^ ©einc ®nrbetriH)ticn. ' Ocnnu. " e);etjtcrmciHtr. '^ In the meantime, unter» beffm. 1^ To be employed, Bef^aftigt fetn. '' SBtt tcr aSEaitttoratuitg tec . . . " At random, auf 6 ©eratpewo^t. '^ @a^ na(^, oS. '^ SRcie. imb ©((jretSftci^ett. " Confident in, tm SScrtrauen ouf. '' Utijufnebene tmb ©^ma^cr. packets, and signified his pleasure '■, generally by a mark, often by two or tbree words, now and then by some cutting epigram '■'. By ^ eight he had generally finished this part of his task *. The adjutant-general was then in attendance ^, and received instructions for the day^ as to ajl the military arrangements of the kingdom. Then the king went to * review^ his guards % not as kings ordinarily review their guards, but with the minute ' attention and severity of an old drill-sergeant ^''. In the meantime ^^ the four cabinet secretaries had been employed ^^ in answer- ing 1^ the letters on which the king had signified his will. Frederic, always on his guard against treachery, took from the heap a handful of letters at random i*, and looked into them to see ^^ whether his instructions had been exactly followed. (IV.) Order was strictly maintained throughout Fre- derick's dominions. Property was secure. A great liberty of speaking and writing ^^ was allowed. Confident in ^^ the irresistible strength derived from a great army, the king looked down on malcontents and libellers ^^ with (a) wise disdain, and gave little encouragement to spies and in- * Went to, the infinitive wUTtout gu is used before and after the verbs ge:^en, xtxUn, fo^ven; e,g., f))(iji«ro fle^m; ^ ging f))(ijtmn. HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GBEMAN. 127 " Utik gaB ®))ioiun tiub angeSetn ...'"' aBmit man ifjm . . . "'^ StoS. "^ginen a5oIf6]|oufen. ^leini-a. ^^ Sine ©Cjima^fi^rift. ==aBriter unten ansutriitgm. ^° See page 45. ''^ ®itt SienHitar. ''^ A stinging lampoon, cine fcfmeibtnbc ®pottf($rift. ^^ Voltaire's SBJemoiven (pron. JKemoaren). ^° '§crau§gege6en. ^^ Um. ^^ In an offensive manner, in Seteibtgcnber 2Beife. ^^ It will pay you well, ©ie toetben bctmit ein guteS ®e[c^oft m(i($cn. ^* !Dtc Sugeltofigteit. ^' ®ei|ie8|iarte. '^ Not common, un> gctool^nlifi^. ^' SJian tfi c8 f^ulbig. ^^ 9tci^t8)!|Iegc. '* ■Sertfii^er. formers ^^. When lie was told^" of the disaffection of one of his subjects, he merely ^^ asked, " How many thousand men can he bring into the field?" He once saw a crowd ^^ staring at something on a wall. He rode up ^', and found that the object of curiosity was a scurrilous placard^* against himself. The placard had been posted up so high that it was not easy to read it. Frederick ordered his attendants to take it down and put it lower ^^ " My people and I," said he, " have come to an agreement which satisfies us both. They (are to) say what they please, and I (am to) do what I please." A Berlin ^^ bookseller sent to the palace a copy ^^ of the most stinging lampoon ^^, that perhaps erer was written in the world, the " Memoirs of Voltaire 29,"r published s" by Beau- marchais, and asked for ^^ his majesty's orders. " Do not advertise it in an offensive manner ^^," said the king, " but sell it by all means. 1 hope it will pay you well ^^." Even among statesmen accustomed to the license of ^* a free press, such steadfastness of mind ^^ as this is not common ^^. . (V.) It is. due to '^ the memory of Frederick to say, that he earnestly laboured to secure to his subjects the great blessing of a cheap and speedy justice ^^. He was one of the first rulers ^^ who abolished the cruel and absurd prac- 128 HA vet's- ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. *"!Bcii , . . ©cIJiMud!) ber Softer. *' SobeSurt^eit. •'^Religioua perse- cution, SBttfotgung urn btS (SkuBtnl witCen. ^' Unei-I)6vt (last). tice of torture *". No sentence of death *^ pronounced (rel.) by the ordinary tribunals was executed without Frederick's sanction, and his sanction, except in cases of murder, was rarely given. Religious persecution ^^ was un- known under ^^Frederick's government. — Lord Macaulay. 79. GOETHE'S BIETH AND BAEIY YOUTH.* ®ott^e'8 (Seiurt unS> Jtinkl^ett. — i@d^tagm. "gvantfurt am SDJain. ' 2Bic man fid^ kcnteii fann. ■• To be heedless of, nuf etmai nicjit ac^ten. ° 3ii bcm nirtevii Simmer mit ff^njeten aucrSaltcn im (Srojen ^irfcjigraien. * ®iu ncuget'mneS J?naWctn. ' Where . . . with an agonising anxiety, loo man mit qufttcnbcr Slngfl ein fajl . . . ScoBnc^tctc. * What we conceive, was roir unS untcr . . . bcnten. ° 5Die njiv un8 leimltger wrgegcnwartigcn. (I.) Johann Wolfgang Goethe was born on the 28th August 1749, as the clock sounded ^ the hour of noon in the busy town of Frankfort-on-the-Maine 2. The busy town, as may be supposed % was quite heedless of * what was then passing in the comer of thJit low, heavy-beamed room, in the Grosse Sirsch-grdben ^, where an infant \ ahnost lifeless, was watched with agonising anxiety " — an anxiety dissolving into tears of joy, as the aged grand- mother exclaimed to the pale mother, " He lives ! " Goethe's father was a cold, stern, somewhat pedantic, but truth-loving, upright-minded man. The mother was more like what we. conceive ^ as the proper parent for a poet. She is one of the pleasantest figures in German literature, and one standing out with greater vividness^ * See Havbt and Sohrdmpi''s " German Studies," pp. 30 and 31, ,a«8 ®wt^e'8 Jtinb^^elt." HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 129 ^"HJlx^H ftc attijcmcin Ictiett. ^'^ Untevvcbung. "UeSer bcc ©infci^rt. " Sffiit icbev Sei^enbeiitev Be|ldtigcn mirb. ^* 3m Urte);te. ^^ Set ehjigc 3iibc. ^^ 3)ie tier •Sn^monStinbev.' ^^ To transmit to, ocvertm auf. 'S 3um ®ef(^idSitcnevjAr;tcii. " Sic aStnttern. ^° To carry off, megrciffen. "^ 3uv aSerhjuiibevung. ^' §atte(i bu benn bctn SBriibcv^ien nicljit lieS ? =' SnfS biv fein aSertufi nii^t iuc^e t^ut ? ^4 Unter bcm SiUi ^ctBor. ^° Eineii ©top iPojiterc. than almost any other. Her simple, hearty, joyous, and affectionate nature endeared her to all i". She was the delight of children, the favourite of poets and princes. After a lengthened interview ^^ with her, an enthusiast exclaimed, " Now do I understand how Goethe has become the man he is." (II.) Over the doorway ^^ of th| house in which he was born were a lyre and a star, announcing, as every interpreter will certify 1^, that a poet was to make that house illustrious. The poetic faculty early manifested itself. He had read the " Orbis Pictus," Ovid's "Metamorphoses," Homer's *'Iliad" in prose, Virgil in the original ■■*, " Telemachus," "Kobin. son Crusoe," " Anson's Voyages," with such books as " For- tunatus," "The Wandering Jew^^," "The Four Sons of Aymon ''■%" &c. He had also read and learned by heart most of the poets of that day. Goethe's mother had transmitted to^'' him her love of story-telling^^ ; not only did he tell stories/ he wrote them also. When the small-pox ^^ had carried off 2" his little brother, to the surprise ^^ of his mother, Wolfgang shed no tears, believing Jacob to be with God in heaven. " Did you not love your little brother, then ^%" asked the mother, " that you do not grieve for his loss ^^ 1 " Wolfgang ran to his room, and from under the bed 2* drew a quantity of papers ^^ on which he had written stories and lessons, " All these I had written that I might teach them 130 HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^ ZamM. ^ sasir lonnen noi^ ictfiigen. ^ Srinei: ifr%ctfe. to him," said the child. He was then^^ nine years old. It may be added 2^, as a further proof of his' precocity ^8, that before he had reached his eighth year he wrote German, French, Italian, Latin, and Greek. — Lewes's Story of Goethe's lAfe, 80. GOETHE AND SCHILIEE.* ©oct^E nnb ©filter. — ? Unter nH tern Siiliut, ken cin tcgeiflcttel JBott tcv ©vBfc ©djiUcr'S joHt. ^ 3ft sieHeic^t faum etncc jartcr unb lui^tiger. ^ StcScnlJu^ter. * J6ecrtager. ° ®rftte6ungen. * SJJait 6raui$te nut . . . urn. ' SDiit einem SlicCe. ' S)cr in kic Sufunft \^» 3<^ fu^tte, rtie man ju fctgen ^sfTegt, Inum belt fflotcn unter ken Siif en. " To the last degree, duperjl. i^ jo fancy, O^attcn . . . fuv. It happened one day ^ about noon, going towards my boat, I was exceedingly surprised with the print ^ of a man's naked foot on the shore, which was very plain ^ to be seen in the sand. I stood like one thunderstruck *, or as if I had seen an apparition ; I listened, I looked round me, I could hear nothing, nor see anything. I went up to a rising ground ^ to look farther ^ ; I went up the shore '^, but it was all one ; I went to it again to see if there were any more, and to observe if it might not be my fancy ; but there was no room for that, for there was exactly the very print of a foot, toes, heel, and every part of a foot : how it came thither I knew not, nor could in the least imagine. But after innumerable fluttering ^ thoughts, like a man perfectly confused and out of myself, I came home to my fortification ^, not feeling, as we say, the ground i" ; I went on, but terrified to the last degree ''■\ looking behind me at every two or three steps, mistaking every bush and tree, and fancying ^^ every stump at a distance to be a man ; 134 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. '' What strange unaccountable whimsies came into my thoughts, WnS fit fonba-Sare uniegrcifttil^e (SinfSttc mir tamm. ^* 2luf bem SBegc. nor is it possible to describe how many various shapes an affrighted imagination represented things to me in, how many wild ideas were formed every moment in my fancy, and what strange, unaccountable whimsies came into my thoughts ^^ by the way ^*. — De Foe's Eobinson Crusoe. 83. GOETHE'S DEATH.* Ooet^e'S Xoi. — iSBcttte. ^ But, after a turn, aBct gWd^ nac^ bem ci'ltctt SScvfui^. ^®tc!) tuieber nicbci-tiifTcn. *3^m. jur ®ettc. ^3it ben Ijeiben i^rigeit. sijjjj-gej j^ (j^antofircn anfing. '"iSuf fc^tBacjem ^tnler- grunb. '' To leave lying aljout, l^eiumfa^icn laffen. (I.) The following morning — it was the 22d March 1832 — he tried ^ to walk a little up and down the room, but after a turn^ he found himself too feeble to continue. Eeseating himself ' in the easy-chair, he chatted cheerfully with OttUie, his daughter-in-law, on the approaching spring, which would be sure to restore him. He had no idea of his end being so near. The name of OttUie was frequently on his lips. She sat by him *, holding his hand in both of hers ^. It was now observed that his thoughts began to wander in- coherently ^. " See ! " he exclaimed, " the lovely woman's head — with black curls — in splendid colours — a dark back- ground '" ! " Presently he saw a piece of paper on the floor, and asked them how they could leave Schiller's letters so carelessly lying about '^. * (Soet^e |iarS ju SBcimar. See Havet and ScHEUMpr's " German Studies," pp. 120 and 121, „®cct^e'8 JjauS ju aBcimar." HA vet's ENGLISH INTO SEEM AN. 135 * Sla(^. ' Seen in a dream, eineS SEtaumiifteS. i" JDle^r unb me^t unbeutUiiSi, or immet iinkeutli^er. " Seine te^ten ^orJaren SBorte. 12 Siucfte raf4 ^evtcn. '* S)tx 1ieM nai^ me^r fiiSit gejitcBt l|ntte. " ©nnbtc bemfcISen no^ einen Sl6f(i^teb8ruf na^. ■'' Site er in ben ©lijjatten bes Subes i^inuSev wanbeftc. ^^ Sont re. " JDie SBattmn. ^^ To glide, ba^in= fcfitvinben. (II.) Then lie slept softly, and on awakening, asked for^ the sketches he had just seen. These were the sketches seen in a dream ^. In silent anguish the close, now so surely approaching, was awaited. His speech was becom- ing less and less distinct i'*. The last words audible ^i were, " More light ! " The final darkness grew apace i^, and he whose eternal longings had been for more light ^' gave a parting cry for it i* as he was passing under the shadow of death i^. He continued to express himself by signs, drawing letters with his forefinger in the air while he had strength, and finally, as life ebbed, drawing figures slowly on the shawl which covered bis legs. At half-past twelve he composed himself ^^ in the corner of the chair. The watcher ^^ placed her finger on her lip to intimate that he was asleep. If sleep it was, it was a sleep in which a great life glided ^^ from the world. — Lewes's Stonj of Goethe's Life. 136 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAIT. 84. COLTTMBTTS AT THE SIGHT OF LAND* JtotumSuS ictm anSlide its SanbcS. — ' •§efttg unb fiovT. ^ enbti^. ' ©cinen Sxoed mc^t. « QHonaify iepstigt. ' ©olttc. ' ®roS. cirtig. ' SBoe fur eine flurmtf(;^c iDJengc Mil SDJut^mnf utigcn niuf8 fi^ feincS OeijleS Scmadj^tigt ^aicn. * Evident from, fidjjtBat an. " 9PfronjEii. ^° S)k son fcinen Ufevit bo'^er trtrten. " Moving, fii^ t;in unb ^n tcwegcnb. '^ To be the residence of, son . . . Jewo]|nt fein. (Columbua touched (lanbetc) at San Salvador on the 12th of October 1492.) The thoughts and feelings of Columbus at the sight of land must have been tumultuous and intense i. At length^, in spite of every difficulty and danger, he had accomplished his object*. The great mystery of the ocean was + revealed ; his theory, which had been the scoff of sages, was triumphantly established * ; he had secured for himself a glory which must ^ be as durable as the world itself. It is difficult even for the imagination to conceive the feelings of such a man at the moment of so sublime ^ a discovery. What a bewUdering crowd of conjectures must have thronged upon his mind ^ as to the land which lay before him, covered with darkness. That it was fruitful was evident from ° the vegetables " which floated from its shores i". He thought, too, that he per- ceived in the air the fragrance of aromatic groves. The moving ^^ light which he had beheld proved that it was the residence of ^^ man. But what were its inhabitants 1 * See page 8. Also, Havet and Sohrumpf's " German Studies," p. 10, „S)aS gi teS JtclumBuS." t Was — luar. The English student must carefully distinguish whether the past participle con,strued with to be expresses the endurance of an action, or existence in a state which is the result of such an action. In the first case, to be is rendered by the auxiliary Wevben; in the second, by fein. Thus we say, in the sentence in question, War, &o., it was the result of Columbus's voyage. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 137 " (Sin tuiftcS ©efa^Icdjit son Itngc^Euern, ^* SBeijuteaen. '' 3m inbifijficit aRccve. '" aKaffcn fid; i^m aufgebrangt l^ciSen. " Say, until the night would be over. ^^ gtne obe SBitbnifs. ^' ©etouvjtoalbci'. =" SenHiel. Were they like those of other parts of the globe ? or -were they some strange and monstrous race i^, such as the imagiuatioii in those times was prone to givei* to all remote and unknown regions ? Had he come upon some wild island far in the Indian seas ^^ ; or was this the famed Cipango itself*, the object of his golden fancies? A thousand speculations of the kind must have swarmed upon him i^, as he watched for the night to pass away i', wondering whether the morning light would reveal a savage wilderness ^% or dawn upon spicy groves i^, and glittering fanes ^^, and gilded cities, and all the splendour of Oriental civilisation. — Washington Irving's Life of Columbus. 85. THE JESTER AND THE SWINEHERD. (a dialogue.) !Bcr Spafssoget unb bee ©cSinjeine^trt. — i Siiji rai^e bit, ''To leave to destiny, bcm S^icCfat iitcvtnffeit. Wamba, tlie Jester — Gueih, the swineherd. Wamba. Gurth, I advise thee ^ to call off thy dog, and leave thy herd to their destiny ^, which, whether they meet * This famed Cipango itself — gciv jeneS t'cvut;nitc Si)) (in go. Names of places, countries, &o., are regularly of the neuter gender. No article, however, is used before them, except when an adjective precedes them ; e.g., bn8 vci^c englonb, t(i8 einige !Seutfd)tanb. N.B. — ®ie ©c^tuetj, bic Sfitlci, bie Slonnnnbic, and various other names, of provinces chiefly, being of the feminine gender, are never used without the article. 138 HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ' fflanbttcn. * Can be little else than to be, iann foiim rin onbctcj fein !nnn, att ttifs fie . . . lucrten. ^ Slormanncn. ° ©otten . . . toei-ten, ' SDJein ■'siin ifi ju fiunnif. ^ Unt meine ©eete gu ocrtrieflt^. •■' To read = to solve,' ju Kfen. " ©adS^fifc?). " 3)ic Sou. " ®e. f(iS)untieit. 1' Scv^ncft. " SJort, in order to preserve the quibble, although in German it is ®(l(i«)etncfleif(^. '" g8 fteut mi(^ fcl^r, bop . . . ^^ 3|l gut tiontiannif^^fcanjofifiij). " To be in charge, untev ber D6^ut ^ei^cn. ^^ JSe^fttt e8 frinm ... " 3'lomiannir($. a'^cifieti. 21 3„ te,, sRUterfaal. ^2 ©i,;^ regSScn. ^^ T^e fooj-g p^te, bet 0latrenf^ftbet. ■with bands of travelling soldiers, or of outlaws ^ or of wandering pilgrims, can be little else than to * be converted into Normans * before morning, to thy no small ease and comfort. GuETH. The swine turned ^ Normans to my comfort ! Expound that to me, Wamba, for my brain is too dull '', and my mind too vexed *, to read ' riddles. Wamba. Why, how call you those grunting brutes run- ning about on their four legs t GuRTH. Swine, fool, swine i"; every fool knows that. Wamba. And swine is good Saxon ; but how call you the sow 11 when she is ilayed ^^, and quartered i^, and hung up by the heels like a traitor 1 GuRTH. Pork^*. Wamba. I am very glad ^^ every fool knows that too ; and pork, I think, is good Norman-French ^^ ; and so when the brute lives, and is in the charge ''■'' of a Saxon slave, she goes.i^ by her Saxon name ; but becomes a Norman i^, and is called ^^ pork, when she is carried to the castle-haU ^^ to feast 22 amongst nobles; what dost thou think of this, friend Gurth, ha ? GuRTH. It is but too true doctrine, friend Wamba, how- ever it got into thy fool's pate ^K HAVET'S. ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 139 " ^m mat^ OajiS. 2= ®Et Ijct;att. 2" 3n km ^anben »oit. 27 gjij, cigcnm unt ^origen, ^^ SBie tu einre Wji. '^^ aSet ev tuirb Monsieur le BcEuf, cin feuriger fvonjofifclict; ©tuter. 2" ©oialb er tot tie l^o^abeJtd^en ajlautcr fommt. ^i s!(„^ ^j„ j[(,ij 32 ^uf a^nfi^e art. "» (Sr i|l cin ©adjife. ^* @o tonge aU. 3= Tendance, ^Sftcgc unb Sutterung. ^^ aniie^> men. ^^ The matter of enjoyment, bev (Snumenftftet. Wahba. Nay, I can tell you more ; there is old Alder- man Ox 2* that continues to hold^s his Saxon epithet while he is under the charge of ^^ serfs and bondsmen^' such as thou ^', but becomes Beef, a fiery French gaUant ^^, when he arrives before the worshipful jaws ^^ that are destined to consume him. Mynheer Calf, too ^1, becomes Monsieur de Veau, in the like manner ^^ ; he is Saxon ^^ when ^* he requires tendance ^\ and takes ^^ a Norman name when he becomes matter of enjoyment ^'', — Sie Waltee Scott's Ivanhoe, chap. i. 86. VALUE OF TIME AND MONET. SSttt^ bcr 3ctt unb be8 ®clbc8. — ^ Are good economists, (iiib gute ■gausptttt. ° 3it. ^ fflSo 2)u anfongen fotftep. * 3ln. ^ ®eneigt. 6 ®a»on. ' Left, noify. London, February 5, 1750. (I.) My deae Feiend, — ^Very few people are good economists of ^ their fortune, and still fewer of their time ; and yet, of the two, the latter is the more precious. I heartily wish you to be a good economist of both ; and you are now of ^ an age to begin ^ to think seriously of * these two important articles. Young people are apt ^ to think that they have so much time before them that they may squander what they please of it^, and yet have enough left^; as very great fortunes (sinff.) have frequently 140 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 8 Present tense in German. ^ ®i!5ia|amt8>@elretar. " Untcc. '^ To practise, auefu^ren. ■'^ To owe, »erbanteit. " To hold true, gcttcit in fflettcff (Gen.) " To amount to, avMmai^m. '^ You are to be by appointment, Su fcHfl fcin. ^^ S>k Scute. " To saunter away, sec^ fdj)tenbctii. ^^ By way of dipping, urn nur cincn SBlict ^incin gu t^utt. reduced ® people to a ruinous profusion. Fatal mistakes, always repented of, but always too late ! Old * Mr Lowndes, the famous secretary of the treasury ^ in i" the reigns (sing.) of King William, Queen Anne, and "King George the First, used to say, " Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves." To this maxim, which he not only preached, but practised ^i, his two grandsons at this time owe ^^ the very considerable fortunes {sing.) that he left them. (II.) This holds equally true as to ^^ time ; and I most earnestly recommend to you the care of those minutes and quarters of hours in the course of the day which people think too short to deserve their attention, and yet, if summed up at the end of the year, would amount to ^* a very considerable portion of time. For example : you are to be at such a place at twelve by appointment ^® ; you go out at eleven to make two or three visits first ; those persons ^^ are not at home. Instead of sauntering away ^^ that intermediate time at a coffee-house, and possibly alone, return home, write a letter beforehand for the ensuing post, or take up a good book : I do not mean Descartes, Malebranche, Locke, or Newton, by way of dipping '^% but * Whenever a proper name is preceded by an adjective, the Ger- man idiom requires the article before the adjective ; hence above : bcr nttc 5«t. HAVBt'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 141 ^9 Srgenb tin uctnimftiges unt iucjiAiH) imttrl^altcubea SBudji. 2" So toirfl 3)u Seine 3cit fraren. ^^ Unb fie tciiie««jeg8 fdjiJedjit anwenben. ^^ SKit. *' Infinitive used as a substantive. ^* ®clpaItto8 unb eitel. ^^ A romance, cin Siomnn, m. ^^ Die nxi^nwiftigen SrSumcieien. 27 gj^^ Saufenb unb Sine 0la^t. ^s To stick to, fliij) cm . . . l^alten. ^9 rpj^g best eatablislied books, bie Scfieit unb Se«)%tefien SBiii^er. ^'' ®o. ^^ To use, urn . . . jii geivnudjicn. ^^ Sine Sonboner SBergIeicj)ung. ^' Siiiifiig SPtojent. some book of rational amusement ^^, and detached pieces, as Horace, BoUeau, Waller, La Bruyfere, &c. (III.) This will be so much time saved ^, and by no means ill employed ^^. Many people lose a great deal of time by ^^ reading ^^ ; for they read frivolous and idle ^* books, such as the absurd romances ^^ of the two last ' centuries, the Oriental ravings and extravagances ^^ of the "Arabian Nights ^^," &c. Stick to the^^ best established books ^^ in every language, the celebrated poets, historians, orators, or philosophers. By these means ^'', to use ^^ a city metaphor ^^, you -will make fifty per cent.^^ of that time of which others do not make above three or four, or probably nothing at all, &c. — Chesteefiisld, 87. CASTLES IN THE AIE. 8uftf(^I6ffer. — ^ He left him to the value of, &c., l^interiicp ct it;m ^unbelt Sra^men. " SiaxmS ben gri'ftmcgIi(:S)en Slu^m ju iittjcii. (I.) Alnaschar was an idle fellow, that would never set his hand to any business during his father's life. When his father died, he left him to the value of. a hundred drachmas \ Alnaschar, in order to make the best of it ", 142 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. " giir. * To pile up, auf^nlJetn. ° Customers, JtSufer. ° To over- hear, jufSUtger SBctfe ^ortn — make the phrase active. ' Scim ®roS« pnbtcr. 'SmSIeinen ttieter serfaufen. ^ 3tt fe^r fur jer 3eit. "Amount to, ju . . . onlDOClJfen. " SRnmn (SlaS^anbcI. ^^ flojlSaten. ^' To enjoy one's self, fi^ too?! frin laffm. " 3wm ^oxit. laid it out in * bottles and glasses. These he piled, up * in a large open basket ; and having made choice of a very little shop, placed the basket at his feet, and leaned his back upon the wall in expectation of customers ?. As he sat in this posture, with his' eyes upon the basket, he fell into a most amusing train of thought, and was overheard " by one of his neighbours as he talked in the following manner : — " Tliis basket," said he, " cost me at the wholesale nierchant's*^ a hundred drachmas. I shall quickly make two hundred by selling it in retail *. These two hundred drachmas will in a very little ^ rise to four hundred, which wiU amount in time to i" four thousand. Four thousand drachmas cannot fail of making eight thousand. As soon as by these means I am master of ten thousand, I wiU lay aside my trade of a glassman i^, and turn jeweller. I shall then deal in diamonds, pearls, and aU sorts of rich ^^ atones. When I have got together as much wealth as I can well desire, I will make a purchase of the finest house I can find, with lands, slaves, and horses. I shall then begin to enjoy myself ^^ and make a noise in the world. I will not, however, stop there, but still continue my trafiSc untU I have got together a hundred thousand drachmas. (n.) " When I have thus made myself master ^* of a hundred thousand drachmas, I shall naturally set myself HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 143 " Sluf fat|Mi(^cn S;u5 Men- '"' S^t ge^origc 3W;tuug gcgm m^ ciitsufliJpEii. '" 3n Solge. ^^ Urn i^t tiefe a^tung gegm miiij) einju))vagen. ^^ (Siinj in feine SrSumcreien scttieft. ^o jfo„„te ni(^t iiml^in. ''i aSolt. on the footing of a prince i^, and will demand the grand vizier's daughter in marriage. When I have brought the princess to my house, I shall take particular care to breed her in due respect for me ^^. To this end I shall confine her to her (own) apartments, make her a short visit, and talk but little to her. Her women will represent to me that she is inconsolable by reason i'^ of my unkindness, but I shall stUl remaiij inexorable. Her mother will then come and bring her daughter to me, as I am seated on a sofa. The daughter, with tears in her eyes, will fling her- self at my feet, and beg me to receive her into my favour. Then will I, to imprint har with a thorough veneration ^^ for my person, spurn her with my foot in such a manner that she shall fall down several paces from the sofa ! " Alnaschar was entirely swallowed up in his vision i^, and could not forbear 2" acting with his foot what he had in his thoughts ; so that, unluckily striking his basket of ^i brittle ware, he kicked his glasses to a great distance from him into the street, and broke them into ten thousand pieces. — Addison. 144- HAVETS ENGLISH INTO GERMAN, 88. ADVICE TO A YOUNG MAN WHO THINKS OP EMIGBATING TO AUSTEALla. Kat'^fcjilflge fuv cinen iuitgen SHann, tcr »or l^nt, tin(^ aiuftraiicn aiiejuiunnbetn. — ^ 3n bcv SBtMiottje! taS Unter^oufcS. " (Sine aSorflu8. fetmig. ^ 33af8. * 5Prufung8jett. ^ Sentcn @ie niii^t on SluSiuanbcrung. ° ©eincn 58erpanb, imti bm in guter aKengc. ' 3u;u6ringen. '- 3n ber aSevbreifadjiung bcpten. ^ Slc'^mcn @te . , . mit. i" SKit bet Sfal^ilJop. LiBRABT or THE HousE OF COMMONS '; Tuesday Night. My deae Pisistkatus, — .... I sympathise with your aspirations ; looking at your nature and to your objects, I give you my advice in a word — Emigrate ! My advice is, however, founded on one hypothesis " — viz., that ' you are perfectly sincere — you will be contented with a rough life and with a moderate fortune at the end of your probation *. Don't dream of emigrating if you want to make a million or the tenth part of a mUlion. Don't dream of emigrating ^, unless you can enjoy its hardships — to bear them is not enough ! Australia is the land for you, as 'you seem to surmise. Australia is the land for two classes of emigrants : 1st, The man who has nothing but his wits, and plenty of them ^ ; 2dly, The man who has a small capital, and who is contented to spend '^ ten years in trebling it ^. I assume that you belong to the latter class. Take out ' three thousand pounds, and, before you are thirty years old, you may return with ten or twelve thousand pounds. If that satisfies you, think • seriously of Australia. By coach i", to-morrow, I will send you down all the best books on the HAVET S ENGLISH INTO CfBEMAN. 145 "©0 gertdiie Slnd^ii^t aU ic^ taiin. ^^ sj;„„ ^^ JtofonUtgwrtition. " SRiit;t9, " aiuf ten ©djiafroribm. " 3)!(i^cti @ie fidj) fur cin aSufcifileien taugli^. i^Sie $r;i(ofo))r;te bcr gctrjcitten 'Srljcit ijl bottl^m nc^ itt(I;t gcbningen. '^ gin fisdjim. ^^ 3)!it mogimi luenigen SBevIjeugcn. " 2Bcr. ben ®tc cin guta ©cj^ute. ="a)ic Bfcfc 3:5atfnc[;e, bcif^^ie gerernt ^aten. =1 Scgcn ©ic bnS feinc 'emUfm ab. =2 Snbur^. =3 jje . . . who, berjenige, ii)ctrf)cr. 2* ©icji fettjl in atCen Singm genugt. ^ a3eticntenl)acE, u. subject ; and I -will get you what detailed information I can '1 from the Colonial Office i^. Having read these, and thought over them dispassionately ^^, spend some months yet among the sheep-walks " of Cumberland ; learn all you can from the shepherds (whom) you can find — from Thyrsis to Menalcas. Do more : fit yourself in every way for a life in the bush^^, where the philosophy of the division of labour is not yet arrived at i*. Learn to turn your hand to everything. Be something i^ of a smith, something of a carpenter — do . the best you can with the fewest tools i^' ; make yourself an excellent shot ^^ ; break in all the wild horses you can borrow. Even if you want to do none of these things when in your new settlement,, the having learnt to do them ^^ will fit you for many other things not now foreseen.* Db-fine-gentlbmanisb your- self ^^ from the crown of your head to the sole of your foot, and become the greater aristocrat for so ^^ doing ; he is more than an aristocrat, he is a king, who ^^ suffices in aU things for himself ^* — who is his own master because he wants no valetaille ^^. I think that Seneca has ex- pressed that thought before me ; and I would quote the passage, but the book, I fear, is not in the library of the House of Commons. ^ * You cannot foresee now. 146 HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 2= To tell me. ^'' ^crnt 01. 31. ^^ Gird up my loins, ifttit ntciite aenken. ^ Ueiwlaffe Sic. ^° 3^t ctgcien^er. But here J comes and tells me^^ that I am ex- pected to speak and answer N ^'', so I, the man of the old world, gird up my loins ^^, and leave yoti ^', with a sigh, to the youth of the new. — Tours affectionately ^"j Albert Tkevanion. — Lord Lytton, Tlie Gaxtons. 89. lADT M. WORTLEY MONTAGUE TO HER SISTER, THE COUNTESS OF MAR. Sattj Sn. SBortte^ SDlonta'gwe an t^rc S^toe^er bte (Sripn son 3Rnr. — ^ Seiber. " JtaJJitSn. 'To tide over, mit in glut uBerfn^rcn. '' After two days, &o., na^l jweitagigct longfamrc ffalj'^t. * ©tail. ^ To keep one's feet, fu^ nuf ben gupen l^nlten. ' Very handsomely, tudj)tig. 8 Slic fn]^ i^ einen 0Rgnn, ier me^^r in Slngjl war. Rotterdam, August 3, 1716. I flatter (aS ®cH)infet. ^"i Sine aSart^rin. " Ser Suitge. ^^ ^mMfe^kim. "^ 2>}tt StttErcm ■So^ne. ^* SBaS tvidjl tu mifangm, urn brin SBrob ju tcr^ kttncn. '^ ScbmfottS toitt tiiSi meincr aUuttcr niijit jur Sa|l fciICcu. ^'SBS^renb fcoS •gerj Set ticfen SBmkn i^m ju Scrjlen bro^tc. =' ffrcitid; famefl bu f^te^t al, im SitiHc bu c8 tl^iirt ruotttcli. replied his uncle, taking a cLair. " You didn't mention in your letter what my brother's complaint was^*, ma'am." " The doctors could attribute it to no particular disease," said Mrs Mckleby, shedding tears. " We have too' much reason to fear that he died of a broken heart." " Pooh 1^ ! " said Ealph, " there is no such thing i^. I can understand a man's dying of a ^"^ broken neck, or suffering from i" a broken arm, or a broken head, or a broken leg, or a broken iiose ; but a broken heart ! — nonsense ^^, it's the cant ^^ of the day. If a man can't pay his debts, he dies of a broken heart, and his widow 's a martyr ^^." " Some people, I believe, have no hearts to break," observed Nicholas, quietly. " How old is this boy ^^, for God's sake ? " inquired Ealph, wheeling back ^^ his chair, and surveying his nephew from head to foot with intense scorn ^^. " Nicholas is very nearly nineteen," replied the widow. " Nineteen, eh ! " said Ealph, " and what do you mean ^* to do for your bread, sir 1 " " Not to live upon my mother ^^," replied Nicholas, his heart swelling as he spoke ^^. " You 'd have little enough to live upon, if you did ^' " retorted the uncle, eyeing him contemptuously. 156 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^3n tetnem ffottc toerbe idj; Jgitfe »oit S^nm cmatlcn. ^'Sci)taei5t'. s» evti|t, tau^ unb aSflo^enb. ^i greimiit^ig. 3" S)a8 Sluge M Sltteii leu^tete un^eimlicj) »on fiaifudj^t unt J5mtcrU|l, , ^^ Stn Sluge te8 SungtingS Hijten ftarec aSerjlaiH) unb ebler ©totj. ^4 s(itit„, 35 gi„j„ Suim. ^ •§(iSm i^ien S3^eit mit Sefi^tog telegt. "Whatever it be," said Nicholas, flushed with anger, " I shall not look to you to make it more ^V " Nicholas, my dear, recollect yourself," remonstrated Mrs 'Nickleby. " Dear Nicholas, pray " urged the young lady. " Hold your tongue, sir ^^ ! " said Ealph. " Upon my word ! Fine beginnings, Mrs Nickleby, — fine beginnings ! " Mrs Nickleby made no other reply than entreating Nicholas by a gesture to keep silent ; and the uncle and nephew looked at each other for some seconds without speaking. The face of the old man was stem, hard- featured, and forbidding '" ; that of the young one, open, handsome, and ingenuous ^\ The old man's eye was keen with the twinklings of avarice and cunning '^ ^ the young man's bright with the light of intelligence and spirit ^^^ His figure was somewhat slight, but manly and well formed ; and apart from ^* all the grace of youth and comeliness, there was an emotion from the warm young heart in his look and bearing which kept the old man down. The mutual inspection was at length brought to a close by Ealph withdrawing his eyes, with a great show of disdain, and calling Nicholas " a boy ^\" " Well, ma'am," said Ealph, impatiently, " the creditors have administered'", you tell me, and there is nothing left for you!" HAVET's ENGLISH INTO SEEMAN. 157 " To dispose of, uerfugen iin. ^ Seutc. ^ Sltm, ifh^U Slitotaus ficvau8. *" !Dad)t' iiJj) intv'8 itd). " gr '^atU »or. ^^ g^^ jj^^^j ^^j hjcrten ju lafm. *' One thinks always and never does ... ** This I saw this morning. '^ 2>einem gutm ®lude. " Nothing," replied Mrs Nickleby. " And you spent (p. indef.) what little money you had in coming all the way to London, to see what I could do for you 1 " pursued Kalph. " I hoped," faltered Mrs Mckleby, " that you might have an opportunity of doing something for your brother's children. It was his dying wish that I should appeal to you in their behalf." "I don't know how it is,'' muttered Ralph, walking up and down the room, "but whenever a man dies without any property of his own, he always seems to think he has a right to dispose of ^^ other people's ^^ Have you ever done anything, sir?" (turning to his nephew.) "No," replied Nicholas, bluntly ^s. " No, I thought not *° ! " said Ealph. " This is the way my brother brought up his children, ma'am ? " " Nicholas has not long completed such education as his poor father could give him," rejoined Mrs Nickleby, " and he was thinking of *^ " " Of making something of him some day *^ " said Ralph. " The old story ; always thinking, and never doing *^. . . . Are you willing to work, sir 1 " he said, frowning on his nephew. " Of course I am," replied Nicholas, haughtily. " Then, see here, sir,'' said his uncle. " This caught my eye ** this morning, and you may thank your stars ^^ for it." 158 HATET's ENGLISH INTO REEMAN. ^ aftit biefir ginlcitung. *' flnnBcn. *^ gtl^aftett. ^ Jtoft Jtleibung, Sucker, Sofc^engeft, Xlntevri^t in oltcn itimien unb tobteit ©Wni^eii. ^ 3n bcr PefefligunsStmibe. '^ Sebingungen. '^ 3tc6eitau8goien. ^' At- tends, ill ju flrecdficn. " 5a(Ti|leiit. *° 2Sirb gefu^t. ^^ Ein iDotor bcr SP^itofolJ^te. ^' Sie S^tung. With this exordium *^ Mr Ralph Nicklehy took a news- paper from his pocket, and after unfolding it, and look- ing for a short time among the advertisements, read as follows : — " ' Edttcatign. — At Mr Wackford Squeers's Academy, Dotheboys Hall, at the delightful village of Dotheboys, near Greta Bridge, in Yorkshire, youth *'' are *" boarded, clothed, booked, furnished with pocket-money, provided with aU necessaries, instructed in all languages living and dead*^, mathematics, orthography, geometry, astronomy, trigonometry, the use of the globes, algebra, writing, arithmetic, fortification^", and every other branch of classical literature. Terms *\ twenty guineas per annum. No extras ^^, no vacations, and diet unparalleled. Mr Squeers is in town, and attends *^ daily, from one tiU four, at the Saracen's Head, Snow HiU. " 'If.B. — An able assistant** wanted''. Annual salary, £5. A Master of Arts '' would be preferred.' " " There ! " said Ealph, folding the paper ''^ again. "Let him get that situation, and his fortune is made." — Charles Dickens's Nicholas NiMehy. HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 159 91 THHIAEMADA.* S)tc aitmabn, — iScr ^aii))ttt;cit. ^ 33er Sojo. s To witness, fe^en. 'i SHintofen. ' JKann ©oftotcii. ^ Sfiit cincr ungcljeuetn anjal|t son ®efd(;u^cn. ' 3m ©tebicnjle gnnj unetfa^nn. » Ueiafiii. « JEo* gini8» tm-c. 1" Orders, OSertefe^I. " To stand out, in kic See jiec^en, nBfegetn. " Singular— referring to fftotte. " SBurbc Bom ©turmc cvfajft. " Kici^t toenig. i= To be misinformed, fotf^ Beri^tct Werben. " Scjugtidj) ice. " etltttmeit ©i^nbenS. (I.) On the 29tli of May 1588, the main body i of the Spanish fleet sailed from the Tagus K It consisted of one hundred and thirty vessels, most of them of a size which had not previously been witnessed' in Europe, and, besides the crews * of the different ships, contained not less than twenty thousand troops- ^, with a prodigious train of artillery^ and other munitions of war. Of this mighty array, to which the Spaniards had given the name of the Invincible Armada, the Duke of Medina Sidonia took the command — a brave man, but wholly unaccustomed to maritime adventure ^. The commencement of the enter- prise was unfortunate. A storm took ^ the fleet as it rounded Cape Finisterre ^, in consequence of which the admiral, after losing several of his vessels, was forced to withdraw into the harbour of Corunna. (II.) Meanwhile the English navy, under the orders i"' of the gallant Lord Howard of Effingham, stood out '^^ to meet their enemies. They^^ too were caught in the galei', and returned to Plymouth ; a circumstance which con- tributed not slightly ^*, in the end, to the preservation of their country ; for the Duke of Medina, having been mis- informed ^^ as to 1^ the amount of damage done *'', stood * See Havet and SoHEUMPr's " German Studies," p. 123, „3)iE Hvmaia." 160 havet's engltsh into geeman. '^ Sam CI' l^ctditiicrcgeft, fie anjiigrcifcn. '' SJlit offm'ljaret 3SccIe(iung frinct SIntotifiiitgen. * Sine ■Srajitftjilacijit tcvmtibEn!). ^^ Skilful skirmislieg, cvfotgteic^c ®efe^te. "' To satisfy, T;inrei^enb jeigtn. ^^ Scjiiglitljt. "* As their opponents were the reverse, il;r« Seinbe Waren gerabc iiaS ®egmt^(il. '' Though inferiorin bulk and weight of armanaent, tucitit oucij) nt^t fo grof unb nidjit fo fi^ttict armitt. ^ SBeit tentfamer. ^' @))oiiier. ''^ To close upon, ganj no^e an . . . '^mmtommen. '"' 3c nndjiijem tie Umfinnbe c8 evforbertai. '° Unb bic 2lu6|iCjit (tuf Stfolg fte ju (cnfcnfiijiicn. 31 3luf bcv ai^ebe son KataiS. =2 sjji„aj1fen. , ^^ To send adrift, tteiBcn tnffen. ^4 gtfcjuectt. . over to attack themi', in direct violation of his instruc- tions i', which forbade all minor actions till the army should have landed. Howard, however, having been warned of the enemy's approach by a Scotch pirate, instantly put to sea 11, and avoiding a general action ^"j began a series of skilful skirmishes ^i, which soon satisfied ^^ both parties of their relative ^' fitness to contend for the supremacy of the ocean. (III.) The English seamen, though comparatively few in "number, were as skilful and enterprising as their opponents were the reverse ^ ; and their ships, though inferior in bulk and weight of armament ^^, proved infinitely more pliable '''' under every change of weather. They could choose at will their own position, and either cannonaded the Spaniards ^'^ from a distance, or closed upon them ^^, according as circumstances invited^', and the chance of success appeared to guide ^''. The Spaniards, on the other hand, unaccustomed to navigate ships so bulky, feU into total confusion, from which they never recovered. They sought shelter in Calais roads ^^ ; but Howard, fitting six of his smaller pinnaces '^ as fire-ships, sent them adrift ^^, when the Spaniards cut their cables in alarm ^\ and fled in all directions. It was now evident to the Duke of Parma, HAVET'S EKGLTSH into GERMAN. 161 =*» !Dun!u'(i^en. '«aSercifctt. »' Uiit(iu3(icl;. 38cm gejllanbe. i" Snt Oonjew. " 5)01^ toS t)l no($ nif t SltleS. ^^ Sic offer Sa5o'5vfi^einIi(|!eit naO) in SluSft^lt flel^enbe immet Wcttere SBerBtritung. ■" Furnishes, giBt. " Soib tinentc. " aSon amcriln, bcr fuiti^ie toie bcr norttt($e. ^' See noitlid^cn S^eilee. '' 3)ic amcriloner. ^ To plant settlements, Sliebctlofjungen aniegen. (I.) No language, either in ancient or modem times, has ever been so widely spread ^ as English ^. If we compare the extent of territory * over which the ancient Latin was spoken with that in which English now predominates* we shall be struck with^ the difference; and when we remember that neither India nor America was known to the Bomans, we shall easily see how much more widely diffused ^ is the modern English than was the ancient Latin language. In modern times, French*, at one period^, had a considerable preponderance in Europe, and it is ^ still* very generally studied, and even spoken, on the Continent '. But, on the whole '^°, the preponderance is now greatly on the side of English. (II.) This is not aU ^^ ; the probably future propagation^^ of English is ^^ also a matter for consideration. . It seems likely that in the course of time both the continents ^* of America, South as well as North ^^, will fall into the hands of the European inhabitants of the northern portion i*, and that the Americans ^"^ wiU. also plant settlements ^^ in many * Is still. — Whenever the English being might he put after is, as above, "is Idng studied, spohen," is must invariably be translated by „ti)irk," because it ia truly passive. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GBEMAN. 163 " The Pacific Ocean, ba8 fiitte Sftect. "" ©c^idfnt. "^ SRcic^e. "^ attet SBatrfdjctntid^teit trn^. -^ SlngelfScjjjifiiji. ^^ Far more extensively, isirf lucitcr. ^^ True, this is, fvcitid) i|i baS . . . ^ Stoiii tint . Hope 2nutr;m(i5ung. ^' Judging, tuenit man urt^rilen foil . . . ratt . . . idxai^ttt. ^ At the rate, in tcmfcISen aSevpftmffe lute . . . "^ Sim Snic. parts of the eastern shores of the Pacific Ocean ^^. What- ever may be the future destiny ^^ of China and Japan, many portions of these empires ^^ wiU, in all probability ^\ fall under the dominion of an Anglo-Saxon ^' race ; and if so, the English language will prevail far more extensively 2* than at present in all the quarters of the globe. True, this is -^ mere matter of speculation ^^ ; but judging ^'^ from present circumstances, and the wonderfully active spirit of* those who speak English, it is not altogether unreasonable to conclude, that if it should advance at the rate ^^ we have witnessed for the last fifty years, it wUl eventually ^^ become the dominant language of the world. — Geaham. 96. THE LEGACY. ®a8 aSerinS($tnif. — ' SEBoS foU inn (St^tvil unt> ®efeufj? A. Ah, sir! you wUl be very much afflicted. I have most lamentable tidings to communicate to you. B. What is it ? Can one of my creditors have presumed to threaten me i A. Not that. The misfortune that I have to announce to you is far greater. Our heavenly Father I . . . alas ! we are all mortal I do not be terrified. B. What's the meaning of your miserable whining and sighing^? 164 HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. ° To be Blruok with an apopletio fit, mm ©cjjtnge gcvut;vt wcrtcn. ' Sum Uniocvfnfaicn maiden. * SScriiommcn. ^ May God, &c., Qlott tct Jpra: 1^«6' t()n fetig I ^ To envy one a, thing, einm urn dK<\l itnaUa, ' ©cine (Scftlijie, * ©cttgcn. A. Your uncle lias been struck with an apoplectic fit K B. How, my uncle is dead ? A. He has only just given up the ghost ; he expired in my arms. B. What a lamentable event ! A. He loved you much, as it appears. An hour before his death he was still speaking of you. B. Ah, the good, venerable man ! the excellent, pious ' man ! He has probably appointed me his universal legatee ^ ! But tell me, is he indeed dead 1 A. I have received * his last sigh ; I have closed his eyes *. B. May God have him in His holy keeping ^ ! It is well for him ; let us not envy him ^ his repose. Do you think he has left a handsome property 1 A, His strong-bos ' is piled up with money-bags. B. O cruel fate ! thou snatchest from me him whom I held dearest upon earth. I shall never be consoled for this loss; throughout my whole life I shall bewaU the untimely demise of my dear, late ^ uncle. He was the * Translate, / have closed to him the eyes. Whenever we express a thing done to ourselves, and hy ourselves, or done to another, or done to ourselves hy another, in German (as in French) no possessive adjective is used before the part mentioned; e.g., {&) l^ciic mil He §nate gelSmmt, I combed my hair ; i^ ^nie micji in ben ginger gcfcjinit^ ten, I cut my finger; cr :^nt i:^n inS ®efic:^t gef^tagen, he slapped hia face ; rann ^nt unS tic Scnflet cingef^tagcn, they smashed our windows, HAVJET's ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 165 » SBc'^i ttik! " iBev Sci(I;eiili)(tgen. " I wish, &o., et fott ein mogliii^il gro^artigcS Seii^entegSnniiifS |a6en. ^^ lUBcrtiefevit. ^ SScn o6cn 6i8 unteiu ^* Softor= iinb 31))otr)cIcv=9tcd!)nui;gi:n. , '= Sn8 Stpnmcitt. most deserving, the most virtuous of men; ah, woe is me^! A. I know he was worth more than a hundred thousand pounds. B. Go quick, and make the necessary preparations for the interment. Let the large hearse i" with six horses be kept in readiness. I wish the funeral obsequies to take place with all imaginable pomp ^i. Over his grave a marble monument shall be erected with a magnificent epitaph, that may hand down i^ to posterity the excellent qualities of my dear uncle. The whole house, from the top to the bottom ^^, shall be hung (with) black. Every one shall put on crape and mourning, and the whole town shall be invited to pay the last honours to the defunct. A. By the by, I had nearly forgotten it ; I found these papers in his pocket, and laid hold of them, lest they might fall into strange hands ; perhaps you will find some notices of his past life in them which will surprise you. B. Let us see ! Hum, doctors' bills, apothecaries' bills 1* ! a list of his debts ! it is very considerable. Hah ! here comes the chief thing : the wiU ^^. Let us read it : " I bequeath to God my poor soul." Good! "I bequeath to my neighbour N., for the friendship which he has con- stantly had for me, my house, goods, and chattels ; to my coachman my carriage and horses ; to my manservant my whole wardrobe," &c. A. But you, sir ! should he have forgotten you? 166 HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. ^•^ 3)te geringjle Slnl^Sngti^feit. '' Ein gcmetner 2Bu|iting. ^^ Zn attc 3lara! " Scfen ®ie nut toeiter. 'i" SBcI^c geintfertgleit ! ^ To be enabled to, lonnen. ^^ S>m ^exCtalo^tt. ^ SBk Bietc Sutfcfjm foil idfi fut tie SeiiiSic SEJlettm ? "^ iPad' iic^ fprt, Wegct ! B. Strange ! I see here a quantity of legacies, and my name not amongst them. But here it comes. " As for my nephew, who has never shown me the slightest affec- tion 18, who is a spendthrift, a low libertine ^^ " O the old dotard J^ ! A. Eead further, sir i*. B. "And who would never hearken to my good counsel, I ought to entirely disinherit him " — What malig- nancy ^^ ! — " Yet, as he most probably has not a farthing in the world, I give him voluntarily one shilling, that he uiay be enabled to ^^ pay hangman's fee ^^. He may con- tent himself with that ! " A. How many mourning-coaches shall I bespeak for the mourning procession ^^, sir 1 B. Pack yourself off, sirrah ^* ! ' 97. BYEON. aS^roii. — ^ SRegcnt. The pretty fable by which the Duchess of Orleans illustrated the character of her son, the Regent \ might ■*, with little change, be applied to Byron. All the fairies, * Might, in Oerman „!6nnen," is almost constantly used instead of mogcn, whenever the speaker wishes to say he has no objection to what is going on, or to what is proposed, asked, &o. ; e.g., bu tonn|l gel^en (to a boy), you may go ; re tnnn fagen totiS re tBtff, let him say what he pleases. HA vet's ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. 167 " Slfin. ' To reverse, tuilgangig mod^en. * To mix up with, Stifugeif (Dat.) " In his very person, ja fogat in fetticm Mcujcrn. « Opposite extremes, aBibevfttiii^e, ' gr enflammtc. ^ To obtain scandalous pubKoity, iaii^tiit Wabtn. ^ Utib nut ber SKitbc feincr SRii^tet l^nttc ei eS ju serbonlen ge^aljt, bafg n nidfit am ©algen jlatB. " 5(}aii; (f))vic^ i)}ftr). '' ®rope ®ei)le8gaSen. 12 gin ungefunbtS Stement. " Sounifdji. " Itnb bo^. 1= Sine ©tjie^ung. "Sauncn^oft. ^^ To deal with, usrfa^ren . . mit. 18 3)i5 gjiutter. save one, had been bidden to his cradle. AH the gossips had been profuse of their gifts. One had bestowed nobility, another genius, a third beauty. The malignant elf 2 who had been uninvited came last, and, unable to reverse ^ what her sisters had done for their favourite, had mixed up a curse with * every blessing. In the rank of Lord Byron, in his understanding, in his character, in his very person ^, there was a strange union of opposite extremes ^. He was sprung'' from a house, ancient, indeed, and noble, but degraded and impoverished by a series of crimes and follies which had attained a scandalous publicity ^. The kins- man whom he succeeded had died poor, and, but for merciful judges, would have died upon the gallows ^, The young peer ■'*' had great intellectual powers ^^ ; yet there was an unsound part 1^ in his mind. He had naturally a generous and feeling heart ; but his temper was wayward ^^ g,nd irritable. He had a head which statuaries loved to copy, and a foot the deformity of which the beggars in the streets mimicked. Distinguished at once by the strength and by the weakness of his intellect ; affectionate, yet 1* perverse ; a poor lord and a handsome cripple, he required, if ever man required, the firmest and most judicious training i^. But capriciously ^^ as nature had dealt with ^l him, the parent ^^ to whom the office of form- 163 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. ^' Put, still more capricious. "" At one time — at anotlier time,— icift— Mb. "1 ErjiicEcn. '^'-^ SieBfofimgm. '''To insult, fpcttenukt . . "■' ©einen JtlumjjfuJ. ^ With fondness, jStttic^; put also adjectives for the other two nouns. '^ To indulge one without discrimination, u6et alle SBtafen gcgcti einen nn^fttijittg fein. "'' To punish without dis- crimination," mit unsernun^igcr ©trenge Se^anbeln. ^' ZaS vn'mo^nte Jtinb. '^ Not absolutely, ntcijit'geratic. ^° Was extolled far above its merit, hiurkc tocit iil'crf(if)ii$t. '^ 3ii, Dat. '" •So^e. ing Hs character was intrusted was more capricious still i^. At one time ^^ ste stifled ^^ Mm with her caresses ^^ ; at another time she insulted his ^^ deformity 2* He came into the world ; and the world treated him as his mother had treated him, sometimes with fondness ^^, sometimes with cruelty, never with justice. It indulged him ^^ with- out discrimination, and punished him without discrimina- tion 2^^. He was truly the spoiled child ^^, — the spoiled child of fortune, the spoiled child of fame, the spoiled child of society. His first poems were received with a contenipt which, feeble as they were, they did not ab- solutely ^' deserve. The poem which he published on his return from his travels was, on the other hand, extoUed far above its merit '°. At twenty-four he found himself on the highest pinnacle of literary fame, with Scott, Wordsworth, Southey, and a crowd of other distinguished writers beneath ^^ his feet. There is scarcely an instance in history of so sudden a rise to so dizzy an eminence. ^^ — Macaulay's Essatjs. HAVET S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 169 98. or STUDIES. , ajoit ben ©tubtcn.—i Crafty, liflig. = But that ia a wisdom without them, b(i« ifl njiebct cine Sefonbcve SfBiffenfci^nft. s To, urn ju. ■'To take for granted, eto(i« fiir nuSgemncjjt rjdltcn* = S^dtoeife. 5 Sliil)t atCju ((ufmcitfam. ' Sut^ eincit SBcauftaigten. » 3,1 t„eiiigct «)ic()tigcii Singeit. ' Se|limtfc. " SBuffcv, not modif. " ©cfc^mniitoS. 12 aBovtrcic!). " ®ciUJt. " ©elite ct. 1= To confer, ft^ IJcfVi-tt»)en. " ©iiicn fevtigeit aScrilniib. i' Sic ©cfdjii^te, sing. Crafty 1 men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use tliem ; for they teach not their own use j but that is a wisdom without them ^, and above them, won by observation. Eead not to ^ contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted * nor to find talk and dis- course, but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested ; that is, some books are to be read only in parts ^ j others to be read, but not curiously '^ ; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy '', and extracts ' made of them by others ; but that would be only in the less important arguments \ and the meaner sort of books ; else distilled ^ books are, like common distUled waters i", flashy 1^ (things). Eeading * maketh a full ^^ man ; con- ference a ready ^' man ; and writing an exact man ; and, therefore, if a man write little, he had need^* have a great memory ; if he confer ^^ little, he had need have a present wit 18; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not. Histories ^^ * The English present participle, when used as a suistantivc, is translated by the German infinitive with or without the article. 170 HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GEEMAN. '8 S)a8 Sefcn bcr Sti^tev. " ©^jitruikig. '^ S)ie Sogit unt SR^etori! tu(JS)ttg jum JDif^iutitett. make men wise ; poets ^^ *, witty ; the mathematics, sub- tile 1' ; natural phUosopliy, deep ; moral, grave ; logic and rhetoric, aMe to contend ^°. — Bacon. 99. A TRIP TO SOAEBOEOTTGH. Bin SluSflug nail) ©cnrSoroug^. — -^ S)ie SSor^ntte. ' SDlettiei' Smu — tuir tnffcit lieicv. ^ @8 mufs tocij) nociji ti)(i6 i'rin fein. ' We ate, &o., toiv Berjcrjrten taS hi}te Stui S^tcr ®(itbcro6c. » Sum ■§enlet ! ' 3cj) l^"*' mit l^erauSgenommcn. Scene I. — The Hall ^ of an Inn ^. Enter Young Fashion and Loey, 'So&Tiiias following with a portmanteau. YoTJNG Fashion. Lory, pay the post-boy, and take the portmanteau. Loey. Faith, sir, we had better let ^ the post-boy take the portmanteau, and pay himself. Fashion. Why, sure, there 's something left in it *. Lory. Not a rag, upon my honour, sir ; we ate the last of your wardrobe ^ at Newmalton ; and, if we had had twenty miles farther to go, our next meal must have been of the cloak-bag. Fashion. Why, 'sdeath % it appears full. Loey. Yes, sir ; I made bold to "^ stuff it with hay, to save appearances, and look like luggage. * Substitute, make men. HA VET S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 171 8 Seftit. ' 28e(^felit, " Saffcn tieiet im Jtutf^cr, &o. " 3)u :§a(l atcdj^t. ''^ 3^ tocrbe @ic unten Sqcil^tEn laffen, mrin Sreunt. ^^ ®tlau6ra Suet ©nnben. ■■* ®te E^auffeegelbec fiiib tmiS) ju Scgn^ten. ^^ fftatvaliS). ^^ To bid, fogcn. " 2Boii folle gcljen. ^^ SBoS ®ie seilangen. ^^ SKnc^icn ©ic nur, iap ®te fortlommcii. ^ 3a iarm !ommt audj) noclji bee ©tatttnetjit. ^1 3)lif86rau(jjen. ^' @r l^attc midji Betna^e in aScttcgm^eit gekaift. Fashion. What shall I do ? Harkee, boy, what is ^ the chaise ? Postilion. Thirteen shillings, please your honour. Fashion. Can you give me change for ^ a guinea ? Postilion. Oh yes, sir. LoRT. So, what will he do now ? Sir, you had better ^° let the boy be paid below. Fashion. Why, as you say ^^, Lory, I believe (that) it wiU be as weU. Lory. Yes, yes ; I '11 tell them to discharge you below, (honest) friend i^. Postilion. Please your honour ^^, there are the turn- pikes, too 1*. Fashion. Ay, ay, the turnpikes, by all means i^. Postilion. And I hope your honour wUl order me something for myself. Fashion. To be sure ; bid ^^ them give ^^ you a crown. Lory. Yes, yes ; my master doesn't care what you charge them ^^ ; so get along, you ^^ . Postilion. And there 's the ostler 2", your honour. Lory. 'Pshaw ! hang the ostler ; would you impose upon-'- the gentleman's generosity? (Piishes him out.) A rascal, to be so ready with his change ! Fashion. Why, faith. Lory, he had nearly posed rne ^^. Lory. Well, sir, we are arrived at Scarborough, not 172 HAVET'S KNGLISH INTO GERMAN. -^ Ci^nt tine ©utitec tm SSermogen. ^ SafS ©tc. "' SBofiir ©te ju forgeit Mtten. ''^ To prevail with, Scmnubcit fiBcrveben. "'' SBarc c« Bcffcc fur un8 Seifce. ''^ But now for, nl-er in SBetrejf S^vcS . . =" Sum .§cnfcr mit ... ^'^ But get him, atcr jucvji Inffcn ©ie it)n 3^xe i&^xiittfe Scil'« rtnte einliifen. '^ 3Bm tie (Surge! nljfd;neitcn. ^^ Semnnbcn on|ictten, ber c8 fur mi^ t^un foK. ^^ ^oUci ! ^* „93on oSen IjcrnS." worth a guinea ^^ ! I hope you '11 own yourself ^ a happy man — you have outlived all your cares. Fashion. How so, sir ? LoEY. Why, you have nothing left to take care of ^'- Fashion. Yes, sirrah, I have myself and you to take >care of still. LoET. Sir, if you could prevail with '^ somebody else to do that for you, I fancy we might both fare the better for it 2'^. But now, sir, for my ^* Lord Foppington, your eldest brother. Fashion. Hang ^9 my eldest brother ! Lory. With all my heart ; but get him to redefem your annuity, however ^''. Look you, sir, you must wheedle him, or you must starve. Fashion. Look you, sir, I wiU. neither wheedle him nor starve. Lory. Why, what will you do, then ? Fashion. Cut his throat ^^, or get some one to do it for me '^. Lory. Gad *^, so, sir, I 'm glad to find I am not so well acquainted with the strength of your conscience as with the weakness of your purse. Fashion. Why, art thou so impenetrable a blockhead as to believe he '11 help me with a; farthing ? Lory. Not if you treat him " du haut en bas ^*," as you used to do. HAVET'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 173 ^^Mit toiltfl bu, t.ifc. id; . . '"33; lann eS nittit; Slkicu, mcin •§cvt! ^' !Du iiwtjifi mici) tiifcnb. ^^ iSugcgcn. °' Sec gutc. ■"' Ever since , tie gjiijc 3cit . . . fcit. "^ Sin on5angIid;c): ©dilingtt. ■" One cannot get rid of him. ** To seduce from, aSltenktg m(i(if)cn wn. ' Fashion. Why, how wouldst vthou have me^^ treat him? LoEY. Like a trout — tickle him. ' Fashion. I can't flatter. Lory. Can you starve ? Fashion. Yes. Lory. I can't — good-bye t'ye*", sir. Fashion. Stay — thou 'It distract me ^'^. But who comes here? — my old friend, Colonel Townly. — (Enter Colonel TowNLY.) — ^My dear Colonel, I am rejoiced to meet you here. Col. Townly. Dear Tom, this is an unexpected plea- sure. What ! are you come to Scarborough to be present ^^ at your brother's wedding ? LoitY. Ah ! sir, if it had been his funeral, we should have come with pleasure. CoL. TowNLY. What ! honest ^^ Lory, are you with your master still? Lory. Yes, sir, I have been starving with hini ever since *" I saw your honour last. Fashion. Why, Lory is an attached rogue *i ; there 's no getting rid of him *^. LoKY. True, sir; as niy master says, there's no seduc- ing ^^ me from his service (aside), till he 's able to pay me my wages. Fashion. Go, go, sir ; and lake care of the baggage. LoEY, Yes, sir ; the baggage ! I suppose, sir, I must 174 HAVET's ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. " ©tm aSHi'tl) cmufeWen. *' To stow, untcrBringcn. ^ S^mU. charge** the landlord to be very particular where he stows *' this. Fashion. Get along, you rascal*^! {Exit LoitY iidth the portmanteau.) — Sheridan's Trip to Scarborough. 100. THE INTITJENCE OF BOOKS. Stnfluf? bci- SBiidjicr. — ^ Sie Senbcnj. ^ ©o ^aie man Hd^t. ' ®ci|lE§B£vfnffun3, 1 * After all, am (Snijc. ^ ■§at c8 bit SBirtung getjnSt. * Under the control of otters, untcv fcember Scitung. ' And disposed, unb (limmt eS un8. ' Attempted to abate, uerfui^t . . ju jetjiotcn. ' Has it addressed itself, Ijat c8 . . . gefi^meiiiSicft. Would you * know whether the tendency ^ of a book is good or evU, examine ^ in what state of mind ^ you lay it down. Has it induced you to suspect that what you have been accustomed to think unlawful, may after all * be innocent, and that that may be harmless which you have hitherto been taught to think dangerous? Has" it tended ^ to make you dissatisfied and impatient under the control of others ^ ; and disposed '^ you to relax in that self-govern- ment, without which both the laws of God and man tell us there can be no virtue, and consequently no happi- ness ? 'Has it attempted to abate * your admiration of what is great and goodj and to diminish in you the love of your country and your fellow-creatures? Has it addressed itself ® to your pride, your vanity, your selfish- ness, or any other of your evU propensities? Has it * Use „man" throughout for " you." HAVBT'S ENGLISH INTO GERMAN. 175 ^^ 2Gcl!|crt Stamen ou^ imrncr frin Sitettktt oufweifen mag. ^^ Though it should, fotttc c8 mit!. " iBte fol;6niie Sietbe. ^ A rosewood book- case, cin SSiid;gc|lct£ «u6 SRofenlpofj. defiled tlie imagination with (wli/it is) loathsome*, or shocked the heart with (whst is) monstrous*? Has it disturbed the sense of right and wrong the Creator has implanted in the human soul? If so — if you are con- scious of all or any of 'these effects — or if, having escaped from all, you have felt that such were the effects it was intended to produce, throw the book into the fire, what- ever name it may bear on the title-page i" ! Throw it into the fire, though it should ^^ be the prominent feature ^^ in a rosewood bookcase ^^. — Southey's Doctor. * The adjective when used as a noun ia always spelt with a capital. PRINTED BV IIALLANTYNE AND COMPANV BDINBUKGH AND LONDON. GERMAN AS IT IS SPOKEN. Uni/arm with Havefs "First French Boole." 200 pages, foolscap Zvo, price Is. Sd. HAVE! AND SCHKUMPF'S FIRST GERMAN BOOK; OB, PEACTICAL GERMAN LESSONS FOR BEGINNERS. "The First German Book" has all the characteristics thai have made Havet's Works popular. The lessons consist o questions and answers in clear and lively conversational German so as to be easily understood and remembered. The author have avoided the dreary path followed by Ahn and his imitators and endeavoured to produce a work based upon grammar, bu which chiefly aims at enabling the pupils to acquire readiness ii understanding and fluency in speaking German. "The First German Book" contains easy Eeading Lessons followed by Conversational Exercises, on the plan of Havet'; "French Studies." " A late and very good specimen of a work by which the teaching ol German may be facilitated is Havet and Schrumpf 'a ' First German Book.' It is prepared on an intelligible system, and seems admirably calculated to assist materially in helping a student to acquire German." — The Scotsman. " Taken and judged on its own merits, this little work of MM. Havet and Schrumpf has more than one point of detail by which it commends itself to our attention. It is simplicity itself in its arrangements. . . . The conversational practice is calculated to initiate the learner into the art of composition." — The School Board Chronicle, 14th Deo. 1872. *»* A Specimen Copy of "The First German Book" will be sent gratis to any Teacher applying to Mr AlPBED 6. Havet, Institution Internationale, 18 rue Molitor, AuteaU, Paris. LONDON: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO.; S. LOW & CO.; DULAU & CO. HAVET',^ UNIFORM CONVERSATIONAL METHOD FOK OJHE STUDY OF FOEEIGN "LANGUAGES, HAVET AND SCHKUMPF'S FIRST GERMAN BOOK. "This book is a most oomprehensiTe little work, containing sixty lessons, and constructed, as far as it is possible to do so, considering the differences between the two languages, on the plan of M. Havet's 'First French Book.' We would especially recommend it to those who have already studied M. Havet's French method of imparting instruction, because, pursuing the same system, it cannot fail to facilitate the efforts of the pupil in the acquirement