y dnrtipll IGaw ^rl^nnl ffitbtary Cornell University Library KFC 59.D47 California citations : 3 1924 024 636 189 The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024636189 CALIFOMIA CITATIONS: AN ALPHABETICAL TABl^ A^{ OF ALL THE OASES CITED IN THE OPINIONS OF THE OALIFOENIA EEPOETS, AI^D OF TKE OALIFOENIA OASES CITED IN THE EEPOETS OF OTHEE STATES ; WITH THE POINTS AS TO WHICH THEY ARE CITED, APPEOVED, AFFIRMED, CPJTICISED, DOUBTED, DENIED, OR OVERRULED. By ROBERT DESTY, ATTOBNET- AT-LAW . SAN FRANCISCO: SUMNER WHITNEY & CO. 1874. EsTEEED. according to Act of Congress, in the year 1874, by KOBEKT DESTY, In the Oifice of the Librarian of Congi-ess, at Washington, D. C. John Wallace, Law Printer. PREFACE, The character of this work is set forth in the title-page. Its object is to show the value as authority in California of cases both foreign and domestic referred to by our Supreme Court, and the extent to which California cases have been adopted or denied by the Supreme Courts of other States and Territories. A brief statement of the subjects discussed, and, as far as possible, the point as to which each case has been cited, is given, and the effect of the citation expressed in the words — approved, affirmed, cited, commented on, criticised, distinguished, disap- proved, doubted, denied, followed, limited, modified, or over- ruled. It is believed the addition of the points discussed will greatly increase the usefulness of a work of this nature, as it will enable the practitioner not only to discover what cases have been doubted, disapproved, or overruled, but also to ascertain the point so doubted or overruled, while the general doctrines sus- tained by the decision may remain unchanged. The addenda includes citations from the decisions contained in late volumes of Reports issued from the press during the progress of the present work. The preparation of this work has involved the necessity of an examination of all cases referred to, and the aim of the author has been to render it as complete and accurate as pos- sible. It is hoped that its usefulness will be found to bear some reasonable proportion to the amount of labor bestowed in its preparation. EoBEET Desty. San Feancisco, Dec. 17, 1873. CALirORMA CITATIOIN'S. Abadie v. Carillo, 32 Cal. 174. Cited, Appeal, presumptions as to regularity of proceedings, 39 Cal. 586. Abbe V. Marr, 14 Cal. 210. Cited, Eemedies, an illegal or immoral contract cannot be enforced, 15 Cal. 415; neither by action nor in defense, 34 Cal. 90; where no cause of action is shown, a judgment by default will be reversed on appeal, 39 Cal. 502. Abbey v. Chase, 6 Cush. 54. Cited, Agent, liable on con- tract, 29 Cal. 571. Abbott V. American Hard Rubber Co., 33 Barb. 580. Com- mented on. Corporations, property of, may be trans- ferred, 37 Cal. 595. Abbott V. Abbott, 7 Taunt. 452. Cited, Statutory Construc- tion, authority given by statute must be strictly pur- sued, 20 Cal. 687. Abbott V. Aspinwall, 26 Barb., 202. Cited, Corporations, formation of, 22 Cal. 440. Abbott V. Douglass, 28 Cal. 295. Cited, Appeal, statement must be filed in time, 30 Cal. 221; affidavit and notice of motion to strike out are not part of judgment roll, 31 Cal. 240; record, how made up, 32 Cal. 323, 33 Cal. 554; minutes of clerk no part of, 33,.Cal. 173. Abbott V. Inhabitants of Third School District, 7 Greenl. 96. Commented on. Contracts, implied promises, 9 Cal. 470. Abbott V. Merriam, 8 Cush. 588. Cited, Fraud, equitable relief from, 28 Cal. 484. Abbott V. Mills, 3 .Vt. 526. Cited, I)ediGation to public use, 22 Cal. 489. Abbott, Adm'r, v. Coburn, 28 Yt. 667. Cited, Jurisdiction of Probate Courts, presumptions in favor of their de- cisions, 18 Cal. 505. 1* CAirPOBNIA CITATIONS. Abbotts V. Barry, 5 Moore, 98, 102. Cited, Fraud vitiates- contract, 12 Cal. 462. Abel V. Love, 17 Cal. 237. Cited, Mining Stockholders as tenants in common, 35 Cal. 369. Abell V. Calderwood, 4 Cal. 90. Cited, Deed as a mortgage, parol evidence of, 8 Cal. 433; administrators' sales, 9 Cal. 196; specific performance of verbal contract, 10 Cal. 158. Abell V. Douglass, 4 Denio, 305. Cited, Judicial Notice, 15 Cal. 254. Abercrombie v. Allen, 29 Ala. 281. Cited, Evidence, ad- missions by silence, 22 Cal. 238. Aberdeen v. Blackmar, 6 Hill, 324. Cited, Pleading, com- plaint in action on undertaking, 25 Cal. 174. Able V. Chandler, 12 Tex. 92. Cited, Executor, power to bind estate, 38 Cal. 23. Abrams v. Ervin, 9 Iowa, 87. Cited, Officers, powers of deputy, 25 Cal. 186. Aoker v. Campbell, 23 "Wend. 371. Commented on, Ee- plevin, demand when not necessary, 1 Cal. 161. Cited, 12 Cal. 495; 30 Cal. 191. Acker v. White, 25 Wend. 614. Commented on, Eeplevin, subsequent levy, 11 Cal. 273. Ackley v. Chamberlain, 16 Cal. 181. Cited, Judgment, no lien on homestead, 23 Cal. 400; Homestead, what con- stitutes, 13 Iowa, 373. Ackley v. Finch, 7 Cow. 292. Cited, Chattel Mortgage, 27 Cal. 269. Aekworth v. Kempe, 1 Doug. 40. Cited, Sheriff, liability for trespass^ of deputy, 14 Cal. 199. Adams v. Barnes, 17 Mass. 365. Cited, Ees Adjudicata, former recovery as a har, 26 Cal. 498; 36 Cal. 37. Adams v. City of Oakland, 8 Cal. 510. Cited, New Trial, waiver of motion by failure to file statement, 9 Cal. 247. t Adams v. Cuddy, 13 Pick. 463. Cited, Conveyance of mining claim, 11 Cal. 160; construction of conveyance, 12 Cal. 167. Adams v. DeCook, 1 McAll. 253. Cited, Probate of Will, 20 Cal. 269. CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. Adams v. Freeman, 9 John. 118. Cited, Trespass of Sheriif, 34 Cal. 635; dictum overruled, 5 Wend. 506; 13 John. 414; and cited as overruled, 4 Den. 321. Adams v. Gorham, 6 Cal. 68. Cited, Sale and Delivery, goods mingled with others, 6 Cal. 543; property not segregated, 27 Cal. 463. Adams v. Hackett, 7 Cal. 187. Affirmed, Insolvency, dis- tribution of assets, 8 Cal. 158; rights of creditors, 8 Cal. 544; 9 Cal. 26. Questioned and restricted, execu- tion,^ levy, and sale of choses in action, 13 Cal. 22; cited, to same point, 34 Cal. 88; cited, proceedings supplementary, 10 Cal. 28; McAll. 446. Adams v. Halley, 12 How. Pr. 326. Cited, Pleading, com- mon counts, 10 Cal. 338; " ownership " a concl6sion of law, 11 Cal. 168. Adams v. Haskell, 6 Cal. 113. Commented on, Insolvency, distribution of assets, 6 Cal. 477. Cited, Execution, property in custody of the law not leviable, 7 Cal. 37; explained 8 Cal. 158. Adams v. Haskell, 6 Cal. 316. Cited, Contempt, commit- ment for, 6 Cal. 319; 34 Tex. 672. Adams v. Hastings, 6 Cal. 126. Cited, Per Terry, J., In- solvency, distribution of assets, 7 Cal. 205. Keferred to, Attorney and Counsel, negligence, 13 Cal. 210. Adams v. Ho-we, 14 Mass. 345. Cited, Statutory Construc- tion, validity of statutes, 25 Cal. 569. Adams v. Lansing, 17 Cal. 629. Referred to. Title, under will, 18 Cal. 481. Commented on. Contracts, conditions precedent, 22 Cal. 93. Adams v. MeKenzie, 18 Ala. 698. Cited, Foreclosure, rights of mortgagee, 26 Cal. 602. Adams v. Norris, 23 How. 353. Cited, Probate Law, not retrospective, 33 Cal. 423. Adams v. Pearson, 7 Pick. 341. Cited, Ees Adjudicate, flowage of land, 14 Cal. 229. Adams v. People, 1 N. Y. 173. Cited, Jurisdiction, offenses commenced without and consummated within the State, 81 Cal. 114. Adams v. Pugh, 7 Cal. 150. Approved, Contract, action on special contract, 26 Cal. 20. CALrPOENIA CITATIONS. Adams v. Robinson, 1 Pick. 461. Cited, Amendment, of Sheriff's returns, 23 Cal. 81. Adams v. Rockwell, 16 Wend. 285. Cited, Boundaries, acquiescence in division line, 25 Cal. 627, 630. De- nied, 16 Mo. 282. Commented on, 5 Minn. 263; 19 Wend. 325; 47 Barb. 293. See 14 Mo. 489. Adams v. Roman, Cal. Sup. Court, Jan. T. 1856 (not re- ported.) Cited, Execution, property in custody of the law not leviable, 7 Cal. 204. Adams v. Saratoga & Wash. R.R. Co., 10 N. Y. 328. Cited, Condemnation of Land, proceedings on, 23 Cal. 329. Adams v. Smith, 5 Cow. 280. Cited, Execution, title under execution sale, 23 Cal. 362. See 4 McLain, 616. Adams v. Story, 1 Paine's C. C. 79. Cited, State Insolvent Laws, 37 Cal. 210. Adams v. Terre-Tenants of Savage, 2 Eay. 855. Cited, Judgments, as property, 12 Cal. 190. Adams v. Turrentine, 8 Ired. 149. Cited, Statutory Construc- tion, 13 Cal. 518. Adanas v. Woods, 8 Cal. 152. Cited, Insolvency, rights of creditors, 8 Cal. 544. Explained, 9 Cal. 13, 29; 14 Cal. 456. Adams v. Woods, 18 Cal. 30. Distinguished, Insolvency, order distributing funds, 21 Cal. 165. Adam.s v. Woods, 21 Cal. 165. Cited, Insolvency, appoint- ment of receiver not a special proceeding, 26 Cal. 454. Adamson v. Robinson, 1 Pick. 461. Cited, Assignment, rights of assignee, 12 Cal. 98. Adderly v. Dixon, 1 Sim. & S. 610. Cited, Specific Per- formance, contracts relating to personal property, 13 Cal. 523; 27 Cal. 463. Addy V. Grix, 8 Ves. 504. Cited, Deed, validity of execu- tion, 25 Cal. 81. Adkinson v. Stevens, 7 J. J. Marsh. 237. Cited, Eecord, amendment of, 9 Cal. 173, 352. Administrators of Conn. v. Executors of Gano, 1 Ham. 483. Cited, Negotiable Instruments, pleading, aver- ment of demand, 11 Cal. 323. Agar V. Regents' Canal Co., Coop. 77. Cited, Injunction, when it lies, 13 Cal. 313. CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. Ah Hee v. Crippen, 19 Oal. 491. Approved, Miners' Licenses, 24 Oal. 566. Ah Thaie v. Quan Wan, 3 Cal. 216. Cited, Judgment, counsel fees, 13 Cal. 588; cited to same point, 23 Iowa, 342. Ahl V. Johnson, 20 How. 511. Cited, Specific Performance, time not essence of contract, 40 Cal. 11, 13; equitable title to real estate, 40 Cal. 571. Aiken v. Quartz Rook G. M. Co., 6 Cal. 186. Approved, Summons, service on corporation, 10 Cal. 344. Aikin v. Buck, 1 Wend. 466. Cited, Trespass, possession sufficient to maintain action, 12 Cal. 463. Ainslie v. Mayor of N. Y., 1 Barb. 169. Cited as not au- thority in California, Ejectment, defense by landlord, 37 Cal. 395. Ainsworth v. Wamsley, Law Eep. 1 Eq. 523. Cited, Trade Marks, 35 Cal. 76. Airey v. Merrill, 2 Curt. 11. Cited, Common Carrier, ex- ception in contract construed, 27 Cal. 28, 39. Albany and Sch. R. R. Co. v. Osbom, 12 Barb. 22,5. Cited, Taxation, assessment, 32 Cal. 509. Albany and W. Stoekbridge R. R. Co. v. Town of Canaan, 16 Barb. 247. Cited, Taxation, assessment, 32 Cal. 509. Albany Street, Matter of, 11 Wend., 149. Cited, Taxation, assessment, 27 Cal. 624. Aleott V. Avery, 1 Barb. Ch. 347. Cited, Bankruptcy, ■ effect of discharge, 14 Cal. 176. Alden v. Clark, 11 How. Pr. 209. Cited, Scire facias, writ abolished, 21 Cal. 134. Doubted, 53 Barb. 589; 37 How. Pr. 130. Alden v. Murdock, 13 Mass. 259. Cited, Easement, dedi- cation of street, 22 Cal. 490. Alderman's Estate, Cal. Sup. Court, April T. 1859 (not re- ported.) Overruled, Administrator's claim against estate, 16 Cal. 434. Alderson v. Bell, 9 Cal. 315. Cited, Jurisdiction, no pre- sumptions in favor of Justice's jurisdiction, 23 Cal. 404; 34 Cal. 420, 421; recital in judgment imparts verity, 34 Cal. 428. Approved, 8 Nev. 308; sufficiency of record to support judgment, 34 Cal; 616; separate appearance of wife, 34 Cal. 616. CAIilFOBNIA CITATIONS. Alderson, Ex parte, 1 Mad. 53. Cited, Assignment, order for money, 14 Cal. 407. Aldrich V. Cheshire R. R. Co., 21 N. H. 361. Cited, Street Assessments, appeal to board, 29 Cal. 87. Aldrieh v. Inhabitants of Pelham, 1 Gray, 510. Cited, Evidence, personal injury by defective highway, 36 Cal. 580. Aldrich v. Palmer, 24 Cal. 513. Cited, Verdict, setting aside, 25 Cal. 474; for excessive damages, 34 Cal. 623; 36 Cal. 484; in personal torts, 36 Cal. 591. Cited as inapplicable, liability of master for injury to servant, 31 Cal. 382. Aldridge v. Ha-wkins, 6 Blackf. 125. Eeviewed and ex- plained. Jurisdiction, actions on statutory rights and remedies, 33 Cal. 218. Aldridge v. Lord Wallscourt, 1 Ball & B. 312. Cited, Will, construction of, 31 Cal. 603. Aldridge v. Williams, 3 How. 24. Cited, Statutory Con- struction, Congressional Acts construed, 28 Cal. 95. Alexander v. Alexander, 2 Ves. 642. Cited, Powers, dis- cretionary power cannot be delegated, 39 Cal. 290. Alexander v. Byron, 2 Johns. Cas. 318. Cited, Continuance, discretion of court, 11 Cal. 22. Alexander v. Greene, 7 Hill, 547. Cited, Common Carriers, construction of contract, 27 Cal. 32. Alexander v. Greenup, 1 Munf . 134. Cited, Illegal Patent, 16 Cal. 327. Alexander v. Kerr, 2 Eawle, 90. Cited, Estoppel, silence cannot be urged as, 10 Cal. 631. Alexander v. Lively, 5 Monr. 160. Commented on and ap- proved. Deed, parol evidence to explain, 10 Cal. 625. Alexander v. Pendleton, 8 Cranch, 462. Approved, Title, by adverse possession, 34 Cal. 387. Cited to same point, 36 Cal. 541. Alger V. Scoyille, 1 Gray, 391. Cited, Statute of Frauds, original and collateral promise, 9 Cal. 334. Alger V. Thaoher, 19 Pick. 51. Cited, Contracts, restraint of trade, 36 Cal. 357, 358. Algier v. Steamer Maria, 14 Cal. 167. Cited, Findings, objections when to be taken, 14 Cal. 418. CALIFORNIA CITATIONS. AUard v. Mouchon, 1 Johns. Gas. 280. Cited, Eeferee, setting aside report of, 5 Gal. 93. Alleghany City v. McClurkan, 14 Penn. 81. Approved, Municipal Corporations, liability on its contracts, 9 Gal. 472; 16 Gal. 268. Allen V. Anthony, 1 Meriv. 282. Cited, Title, notice by possession, 36 Oal. 272. Allen V. Bates, 6 Pick. 460. Cited, Deed, description in, 24 Gal. 444. Allen V. Citizen's St. Nav. Co., 22 Gal. 28. Cited, Corpo- rations, ratification of contracts, 33 Gal. 199; 40 Cal. 238. Allen V. Cook, 26 Barb; 374. Cited, Judgment, lien of, 16 Cal. 220. AUen V. Culver, 3 Denio, 285, 291. Cited, Debtor and Creditor, application of payments, 14 Cal. 449. Allen V. Deschamps, 13 Ves. Jr. 228. Cited, Specific Per- formance, 10 Cal. 325; time as essence of contract, Id. 330. Allen V. Dundas, 8 Durn. & E. 131. Cited, Wills, validity of, 20 Cal. 266. Allen V. Dykers, 3 Hill, 594. Commented on, Bailment, sale of pledge by bailee, 3 Cal. 162.^ Cited, 42 Cal. 105. See 27 N. Y. 375. Allen V. Fennon, 27 Cal. 68. Cited, Appeal, review of evi- dence, 26 Gal. 599, 27 Cal. 475; rule as to conflicting evidence, 29 Gal. 391; review of findings of referee, 30 Gal. 287; of the Court, 35 Cal. 359. Allen V. Hayv(rard, 7 Q. B. 960. Cited, Eespondeat, Superior, liability for injuries, 8 Cal. 496. See 19 N. H. 442. Allen V. Hopson, 1 Freeman, 276. Cited, Jurisdiction, con- current jurisdiction, 21 Gal. 442. Allen V. Mills, 17 Wend. 202. Cited, Statute of Limita- tions, 8 Gal. 459. Allen V. Patterson, 3 Seld. 478. Cited, Pleading, facts to be set out in complaint, 10 Cal. 338; 14 Gal. 458; 32 Gal. 174; new matter in answer, 30 Cal. 175. Allen V. Rivington, 2 Saund. Ill, and 6 Taunt. 548. Cited, Ejectment, prior possession, 1 Cal. 309. Denied, 3 Man. & E. 112. CALIPOBNIA CITATIONS. Allen V. Scott et al., 21 Pick. 25. Cited, Deed, construction of, 15 Cal. 196. Allen V. Se-wall, 2 "Wend. 327. Approved, Corporations, individual liability, 14 Cal. 267. Eeversed, 6 Wend. 335. Allen V. Smith, 7 Halst. 199. Cited, Forcible Detainer, who may remove tenant, 29 Cal. 171. Allen V. Stevens, 29 N. J. Law E. 509. Cited, Constitu- tionality of road law, 32 Cal. 255. Allen V. Trumble, 4 Bibb, 23. Approved, Deed, execution of sheriff's deed, 8 Cal. 408. Allen V. Watson, 2 Hill, S. C, 319. Approved, Judicial Notice, law of foreign State, 15 Cal. 253. AUender v. Fritz, 24 Cal. 447. Approved, Non-appealable order, 29 Cal. 362. Eule since changed by Stat. Code, gf 939, 963. Allentown Bank v. Beck, 49 Penn. St. 409. Cited, Execu- tion Sale, 38 Cal. 657. AUison V. Bank, 6 Eand. 204. Cited, Crimes, conviction for felony as a suspension of civil rights, 1 Cal. 435. Allison V. Matthieu, 3 John. 235. Cited, Fraud, vitiates sale of goods, 12 Cal. 462. Almond v. Almond, 4 Eand. 662. Cited, Alimony, without divorce, ^8 Cal. 270. Almy V. Harris, 5 John. 175. Cited, Eights and Eemedies, 7 Cal. 129; statutory, 16 Cal. 525. Almy y. State of California, 24 How. 169. Eeviewed and cited as conclusive. Taxation, State has no power to tax commerce, 18 Cal. 268; 33 Cal. 340; 34 Cal. 498, 499. Cited, police regulations, 20 Cal. 580. Alton Marine and Fire Ins. Company v. Buckmaster, 13 111. 205. Cited, Cloud on Title, 39 Cal. 21. Alvarez v. Brannan, 7 Cal. 503. Cited, Fraud, inferred from facts, 7 Cal. 355; a party is bound to remember his own acts. Id. 378; purchaser to know state of his business, 8 Cal. 215; remedy on fraudulent represen- tations, 22 Cal. 604; Pleading, defect of parties waived by failure to demur, 10 Cal. 170. Alverson v. Jones, 10 Cal. 9. Cited, Husband and Wife, conveyance to wife prma facie common property, 22 Cal. 288; Execution, sale of wife's property creates a CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. 9 cloud, 25 Cal. 357, and may be restrained, 28 Cal. 527; sole trader act, 29 Cal. 566. ' Ambler v. Bradley, 6 Vt. 119. Cited, Contract with broker does not create partnership, 14 Cal. 76. Ambrose v. Rees, 11 East, 370. Cited, Dedication to public use, 14 Cal. 649. Amelung v. Seekamp, 9 Gill. & J. 474. Cited, Injunction, what must be shown, 7 Cal. 322; 13 Cal. 190. American Bank v. Doolittle, 14 Pick. 126. Cited, Release of joint debtor, 11 Cal. 220; 38 Cal. 532, 537. Am.eriean Company v. Bra,dford, 27 Cal. 360. Cited, Juris- diction, concurrent, 30 Cal. 585. American Bxeh. Bank v. Morris Canal & B. Co., 6 Hill, 366. Cited, Attachment Lien, 37 Cal. 150. American Ins. Co. v. Canter, 1 Pet. 511. Cited, Political, Cession of Territory, effect on law, 1 Cal. 286, 314; by conquest, 15 Cal. 560. Approved, Admission of State, 40 Cal. 342. See Dred Scott v. Sandford, 19 How. 442. American Ins. Co. v. Oakley, 9 Paige, 496. Cited, Attorney and Counsel, unauthorized appearance by, 30 Cal. 447. American Leading Cases, 296. Cited, Debtor and Creditor, application of payments, 14 Cal. 449. American L. & F. Ins. & Tr. Co. v. Ryerson, 2 Halst. Ch. 9. Eeferred to, Power of court to settle controversy, 15 Cal. 501. American Print Works v. La-wrence, 1 Zab. 258, 264. Cited, Nuisance, abatement of, by destroying house to stop conflagration, 1 Cal. 356; 3 Cal. 73. Ames V. Hoy, 12 Cal. 11. Cited, Judgment, action on, 16 Cal. 375; 19 Cal. 170; Evidence, secondary, of con- tents of record, 22. Cal. 64. Amesbury Man. Co. v. Amesbury, 17. Mass. 461. Cited, Taxation, situs of personal property, 23 Cal. 139. Amherst v. Inhab. of Hadley, 1 Pick. 38. Cited, Yerdict, when not set aside for irregularity, 9 Cal. 537. Amiable Nancy, The, 3 "Wheat. 546. Cited, Damages, for personal injuries, 7 Cal. 120. Cited, 36 N. H. 19. Ammaht v. Nevr Alexandria & Pittsburg Trans. Co., 13 Serg. & E. 210. Commented on. Execution, property exempt, 15 Cal. 590. 10 CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. Amory v. McGregor, 15 John. 24. Commented on, For- feiture, 25 Cal. 241. Disapproved, 1 Story, 135. Amoskeag Manufacturing Co. v. Spear, 2 Sand. 599. Cited, Trade Marks, injunction, 35 Cal. 64, 75, 76. Amsby v. Dickhouse, 4 Cal. 102. Cited, Verdict, juror cannot impeach, 25 Cal. 475. Ancaster, Duke of, v. Mayer, 1 Bro. Ch. 462. Cited, Will, construction of, 31 Cal. 600. Anderson v. Administrator of Brady, 2 Yerg. 297. Ap- proved, Evidence, competency of witness, 6 Cal. 195. Anderson v. Anderson, 8 Ohio, 108. Cited, Judgment, can- not be collaterally attacked, 30 Cal. 446. Anderson v. Cameron, Morris, 437. Cited, Infancy, suit by infant, 32 Cal. 119. Anderson v. Dunn, 6 Wheat. 204. Cited, Legislature, power and privileges of, 29 Cal. 405. Anderson v. Fisk, 36 Cal. 625. Approved, Conveyances, section of act construed, 38 Cal. 221. Anderson v. Jackson, 16 John. 382. Cited, Wills, construc- tion of term " die without issue," Stare decisis, 15 Cal. 603. Dissenting opinion of Chancellor Kent disap- proved 6 E. I. 534; 20 Geo. 824; cited, 2 Cow. 389; explained. Id. 396; and reviewed, 12 Wheat. 162. Anderson v. Lemon, 4 Sand. 552; S. C. Eeversed, 8 N. Y., 4 Seld., 237. Distinguished, Lease, 9 Cal. 677. Anderson v. Mannon, 7 B. Monr. 217. Cited, Surety, dis- charge of, 10 Cal. 426. Anderson v. Parker, 6 Cal. 197. Cited, Instructions, prac- tice, 32 Cal. 289; Evidence, hearsay of death of party, 30 Wis. 178. Anderson v. Pennie, 31 Cal. 265i Cited, Mandamus, 41 Cal. 77. Anderson v. Rhea, 7 Ala. 106. Cited, Statutory Undertaking, 13 Cal. 508. Andeigon v. Roberts, 18 John. 514. Cited, Attachment* fraudulently obtained is void as to creditors, 12 Cal- 264; Fraud, relief from, 13 Cal. 69; Probate,, validity of administrators' sales, 29 Cal. 35, 40. Anderson v. Tompkins, 1 Brock. 458. Cited, Assignment, partners, 13 Cal. 288. CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. 11 Andover and Medford T. Co. v. Gould, 6 Mass. 42. Com- mented on, Taxes, enforcement of payment of, 16 Cal. 524. Cited, statutory riglits and remedies, 33 Cal. 217. Andre-w v. Bradley, 10 La. Ann. 606. Cited, Husband and Wife, conveyance to wife, 17 Cal. 582; community property, 12 Cal. 253. Andrew v. Dieterich, 14 Wend. 31. Cited, Fraud, vitiates contract, 12 Cal. 462. Doubted, as to remedy of pur- chaser of fraudulent instrument, 3 Barb. Ch. 458. Andre-ws v. Avory, 14 Gratt. 236. Commented on. Juris- diction, judgment of Probate Court not subject to collateral attack, 18 Cal. 505. Andrews v. Estes, 2 Fairf. 267. Cited, Written Instru- ments, sealed and unsealed, 13 Cal. 235. Andrew^s v. Etheridge, 9 Mass. 385. Cited, Parties entitled to appeal, 8 Cal. 315. Andrews, Ex parte, 18 Cal. 678. Cited, State Government, duty of, 22 Cal. 321; Legislature, power to regulate trade, 33 Cal. 282, 283, 285; 29 Cal. 271. Andre^ws v. Poster, 17 Vt. 560. Cited, Contract, implied promises in action for services, 7 Cal. 573. Andre-ws, Matter of, 1 Johns. Ch. 99. Cited, Guardians, power of court over, 37 Cal. 664. Andrews v. Mok. Hill Co., Cal. Sup. Court, Jan. T. 1857 (not reported.) Eeferred to on rehearing, 7 Cal. 333. Andrews v. Mok. Hill Co., 7 Cal. 330. Cited, Pleading, defects waived by failure to demur, 10 Cal. 170. Andre-WTS v. Wolcott, 16 Barb. 21. Cited, Eedemption, purchase of equity of, 14 Cal. 34; purchasers at fore- closure sale, 40 Cal. 235. Andrews v, Woodmansee, 15 Wend. 232. Cited, Libel, pleading, innuendo, 34 Cal. 60. Andrew^s' Heirs v. Brown's Heirs, 21 Ala. 437. Cited, Estates of deceased persons, rights of surviving part- ner, 17 Cal. 268. Andrus v. Foster, 17 Vt. 556. Cited, Gratuitous services, 22 Cal. 510. Angier v. Ash, 26 N. H. 99. Eeferred to. Process, return of, 14 Cal. 143. 12 CALIFORNIA CITATIONS. Angle V. Miss. & M. R. R. Co., 9 Iowa, 487. Cited, Com- mon Carriers, contract construed, 31 Cal. 53. Angulo V. Sunol, 14 Cal. 402. Eeferred to, Contract for services, action on, 13 Cal. 643; implied contract, 14 Cal. 415. Anonymous, Amb. 209. Cited, Injunction, 23 Cal. 84. Anonymous, 1 Atk. 19. Cited, Specific Performance, 38 Cal. 200. Anonymous, 3 Atk. 813. Cited, Eedemption, 23 Cal. 34. Anonymous, 6 Cow. 389. Cited, Place of Trial, change of, 15 Cal. 419. Anonymous, 6 Geo. II., cited by Selw. Cited, Judgments, as property, 12 Cal. 190. Anonymous, 1 Hay. N. C, 526. Cited, Bridges and Perries, 6 Cal. 594. Anonymous, 1 Hill, 217, 218. Cited, Service by Mail, 30 Cal. 184. Anonymous, 1 Hill, S. C, 258. Cited, "Witness, impeach- ing, 27 Cal. 636. Anonymous, Jenk. Cent. 25. Cited, Eecord, what consti- tutes, 34 Cal. 423. Anonymous, Jenk. Cent. 120. Cited, Eecord, what enrolled on, maxim, 34 Cal. 423. Anonymous, 4 John. 191. Cited, Attorney and Counsel, practice of law, 22 Cal. 321. Anonymous, 8 Mod. 244. Cited, Judgments, as property, 12 Cal. 190. Anonymous, 12 Mod. 256. Cited, Office, holding over, 28 Cal. 52, 54. Anonymous, 2 Show. 283. Disapproved, Preight, recovery back of freight paid, 6 Cal. 370. See 3 Sum. 66. Anonymous, 1 Wend. 90. Cited, Computation of Time, pub- lication of notice, 32 Cal. 352. Overruled, 21 N. Y. 153. See 5 Nev. 427. Anonymous, 25 Wend. 677. Cited, Service, of papers and notices, strict compliance with statute required, 30 Cal. 184. Antelope, Case of, 10 Wheat. 66. Cited, Appeal, affirmance, 32 Cal. 633. CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. 13 Anthony v. Dunlap, 8 Cal. 26. Approved, Injunction, Court cannot restrain judgments of coordinate tribunal, 9 Cal. 614; 37 Cal. 269. Cited to same* point, 22 Wis. 486. Anthony v. Left-wieh, 3 Eand. 246. Cited, Specific Per- formance, time as essence of contract, 10 Cal. 326, 328; 19 Cal. 459; averments in complaint essential, 42 Cal. 354. Anthony v. Nye, 30 Cal. 401. Cited, Pleading, complaints in foreclosure, 39 Cal. 391. Anthony v. Wessel, 9 Cal. 103. Cited, Title, under Sheriff's sales, 14 Cal. 680. ApoUon, The, 9 Wheat. 374. Cited, Judicial Notice, foreign laws, 39 Cal. 40. Appleton V. Binks, 5 East. 148. Cited, Agent, when per- sonally liable, 13 Cal. 48. Apthorp V. North et al., 14 Mass. 166. Cited, Official Bond, 7 Cal. 441. Arayo v. Currel, 1 La. 531. Cited, Judicial Notice, not taken as to foreign laws, 15 Cal. 254. See 3 Story, 465. Arherry v. Noland, 2 J. J. Marsh. 422. Cited, Attachment, issuance of writs, priority, 25 Cal. 209. Archer v. Masse, 2 Vern. 8. Cited, Wills, validity of, 20 Cal. 266. Archer v. Noble, 3 Greenl. 418. Cited, Trespass, by officer, 14 Cal. 198. Arfridson v. Ladd, 12 Mass. 173. Cited, Agent, when liable on contract, 13 Cal. 48. Argenti v. City of San Francisco, 6 Cal. 677. Cited, Deed, inadequacy of consideration, 15 Cal. 608. Argenti v. City of San Francisco, 16 Cal. 255, followed in 16 Cal. 284. Affirmed, San Francisco City and County warrants not negotialDle, 16 Cal. 286; 23 Cal. 126. Commented on and held not authority as to 20 Cal. 108; commented on as to liability of citv on its con- tracts, 28 Cal. 593; cited, 55 111. 419; affirmed, duty of city to restore property illegally obtained, 21 Cal. 362; approved, as to power of municipal corporation to bind city by contract, 29 Cal. 186; cited, as to rati- fication of contract by corporation, 33 Cal. 191, 199; 24 Wis. 42; referred to, modification of judgment on 14 CALIFOKNIA CITATIONS. rehearing, 30 Cal. 461,; cited, Street contracts, primary liability of city on, 6 Kan. 298; actions against coun- ties, 1 Nev. 378; liability on implied contract, 2 Wall. 457. Argenti v. The City of San Francisco, 30 Gal. 458. Ee- ferred to. Appeal, law of case, 32 Cal. 415; effect of reversal, 39 Cal. 646. Arglasse v. Muschamp, 1 Vern. 75. Cited, Specific Per- formance, jurisdiction, 38 Cal. 201. See 6 Cranch, 159. Arguello v. Edinger, 10 Cal. 160. Explained, Specific Per- formance, of verbal contract, 13 Cal. 132. Cited, Part performance construed, 19 Cal. 461; 22 Cal. 616; effect of part performance, 24 Cal. 176; Ejectment, equitable defenses, 24 Cal. 141; 35 Cal. 649; must be specifically stated in answer, 25 Cal. 597, with fullness and partic- ularity, 26 Cal. 39; order of trial of legal and equitable defenses, 19 Cal. .273. Affirmed on this point, 19 Cal. 457, 671. Arguello v. United States, 18 How. 548. Cited, Mexican Grant, 15 Cal. 30; validity of, 26 Cal. 623; title under, 39 Cal. 245. See 24 How. 264; 434. Armour v. Alexander, 10 Paige, 572. Cited, Trust, implied, 30 Cal. 694. Armstrong v. Hayward, 6 Cal. 183. Cited, Debt, part pay- ment by co-debtor, 12 Cal. 324; release of joint debtor, 38 Cal. 531; discharges the whole, 38 Cal. 537. Armstrong v. Jackson, 1 Blackf. 374. Cited, Constitution- ality of Settlers' Act, 7 Cal. 23. Arnold v. Bell, 1 Hayw. 396-7. Cited, Evidence, to impeach title, declarations of grantor, 38 Cal. 282. Arnold v. Dimon, 4 Sand. 680. Cited, Pleading, incon- sistent defenses, 13 Cal. 625. Arnold V. Foot, 12 Wend. 330. Cited, Water Rights, diver- sion of water, 8 Cal. 144. Arnold v. Lyman, 17 Mass. 400. Cited, Action, for money in hands of third party, legal privity, 15 Cal.. 347; oa agreement with debtor to pay creditor, 37 Cal. 537: cited, 2 Met. 403. Arnold v. Mayor of Poole, 4 Man. & G. 860. Cited, Cor- porations, contracts of, 7 Cal. 382. Arnold v. Rees, 18 N. Y. 57. Cited, Special Cases, 15 Cal. 92; 23 Cal. 147; claims to town lots, 19 Cal. 574. CALEFOENIA CITATIONS. 15 Arnold v. Skaggs, 35 Cal. 684. Cited, New Trial, affidavit of newly discovered evidence, 38 Cal. 194. Arnot V. Post, 6 Hill, 67. Eeversed, 2 Den. 361. Com- mented on. Tender, of mortgage debt, 14 Cal. 529. Arlington v. Liscom, 34 Cal. 365. Cited, Title by adverse possession, 36 Cal. 540; 1 Saw. 620; Statute of Limit- ations, as a bar and extinguishment of right, 37 Cal. 351; 40 Cal. 54; instanced in action to quiet title, 40 Cal. 565; how pleaded, 36 Cal. 632; Pleading, prayer in complaint, 37 Cal. 304. Arrington v. Sherry, 5 Cal. 513. Cited, Confession of Judg- ment, 37 Cal: 336. Arrington v. Tupper, 10 Cal. 464. Cited, Error, abuse of discretion, 20 Cal. 633. Artcher v. Zeh, 5 Hill, 205. Cited, Statute of Frauds, de- livery, 1 Cal. 402. Arthur Legat's Case, 10 Coke, 109. Cited, Grant, con- struction of, 13 Cal. 453. Arthur v. Bokenham, 11 Mod. 150. Approved, Statutory Construction, 13 Cal. 95. Arthur v. Weston and Strode, 22 Mo. 378. Approved, Title under Conveyance, 29 Cal. 410. Arundell, Lady, v. Phipps, 10 Ves. 148. Cited, Specific Performance, of contract for chattel when decreed, 23 Cal. 392; doubted as to contract between husband and ' wife, 9 Humph. 482. Ash V. Patton, 3 Serg. & E. 300. Cited, Witness, com- petency of, interest, 14 Cal. 268. Ash V. Putnam, 1 Hill, 302. Cited, Fraud, vitiates sale of goods, 8 Cal. 213. Denied, Doctrine of recovery bv vendor, 32 Barb. 179. Ashburner v. Balchen, 7 N. Y., 262. Cited, Measure of Damages, breach of contract, 38 Cal. 666. Ashby V. James, 11 Mees. & W. 542. Cited, Account, limit- ation of action, 30 Cal. 130. Ashley v. Harrison, 1 Esp. 48; Peake, 194. Cited, Measure of Damages in tort, 14 Cal. 557. Doubted, 2 El. & B. 241. Ashman v. Williams, 8 Pick. 402. Cited, Conveyance, land and structure in severalty, 15 Cal. 197. 16 CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. Aslin V. Parkin, 2 Burr. 665. Cited, Ees Adjudicata, 20 Cal. 486. Aspindall v. Brown, 3 D. & E., 265. Cited, Dedication, public use, 14 Cal. 649. Astley V. Tankerville, 3 Bro. Ch. 548. Cited, Wills, de- vise of mortgaged lands, 31 Cal. 608. . Astor V. Hoyt, 5 Wend. 603. Commented on and distin- guished, Title to mortgaged premises, mortgagee in and out of possession, 15 Cal. 292; 21 Cal. 624. Com- mented on, 8 N. Y. 469. Astor V. Wells, 4 Wheat. 466. Cited, Notice to agent i is notice to principal, 31 Cal. 165. Astrom v. Hammond, 3 McLean, 108. Cited, Taxation of preemption claim, 30 Cal. 648; claim to public land, 31 Cal. 268; 37 Cal. 495. Atkins V. Boardman, 2 Met. 457. Cited, Trespass, pleading, justiiication, 32 Cal. 581. Atkins V. Kinnan, 20 Wend. 241. Eeferred to, Eminent Domain, 19 Cal. 60. Cited, Statutory Construction, statutes divesting title to be strictly pursued, 16 Cal. 525; conclusiveness of judgment, 18 Cal. 505. Atkinson v. Lester, 2 111. 407. Cited, Forcible Entry and Detainer defined, 12 Cal. 527; 16 Cal. 109. Atlantic DeL. Co. v. Tredick, 5 E. I. 179. Cited, Negotia- ble Instrument, presumptive dishonor of note, 39 Cal. 352. Atlantic Fire and Marine Ins. Co. v. Boies, 6 Duer, 583. Commented on and doubted. Pledge, negotiable in- strument, 38 Cal. 362, 356. AttersoU v. Stevens, 1 Taunt. 201. Cited, Landlord and Tenant, 8 Cal. 696. Attorney-General v. Bank of Niagara, 1 Hop. 403. Cited, Jurisdiction, over corporate bodies, 16 Cal. 150. Attorney -General ,v. Burridge, 10 Price, 350. Cited, Nuis- ance, 30 Cal. 390. Attorney -General v. Bouwens, 4 Mees. & W. 171. Cited, Probate, power of administrator, 12 Cal. 189. Attorney-General v. Brunst, 3 Wis. 787. Cited, Office, term of, 22 Cal. 311. Construed, 13 Wis. 170. ClLIFOENIA CITATIONS. 17 Attorney-General v. Cleaver, 18 Yes. 216. Cited, Nuisance, 30 Cal. 387. Attorney -General v. College of William and Mary, 1 Ves. Jr. 244. Cited, Actions by relator, parties, 25 Cal. 250. Attorney-General v. Day, 1 Ves. Sr. 221. Cited, Specific Performance. 10 Cal. 158. Attorney -General v. Earl of Clarendon, 17 Ves. 491. Cited, Jurisdiction, over corporations, 16 Cal. 148. Attorney-General v. East India Co., 11 Sim. 380. Cited, Actions by Relator, parties, 25 Cal. 250. Attorney -General, Ex parte, 1 Cal. 85. Cited, Jurisdiction, of Supreme Court, 1 Cal. 343; 3 Cal. 390; 21 Cal. 169. Attorney-General v. Johnston, 2 Wils. Ex. 101. Cited, Nuisance, 30 Cal. 389. Attorney-General v. Lord Eardley, 8 Price, 69. Cited, Grant, construction of, 13 Cal. 453. Attorney-General v. Lord Weymouth, 1 Amb. 22. Cited, Title of Act, 9 Cal. 522; Field, C. J., to same point, 20 Cal. 582. Attorney-General v. Middleton, 2 Ves. Sr. 330. Cited, Action by Eelator, parties, 25 Cal. 249. Attorney-General v. Montgomery, 2 Atk. 378. Cited, Ver- dict, conclusiveness of, 15 Cal. 379. Attorney-General v. Morgan, 2 Euss. 306. Cited, Cloud on Title, equitable relief, 10 Cal. 576. Attorney-General v. N. J. R. and Trans. Co., 2 Green Ch. 136. Cited, Nuisance, 30 Cal. 388; abatement of, 36 Cal. 196. Attorney-General v. Parmeter, 10 Price, 378. Cited, Nuis- ance, 30 Cal. 390. Attorney-General v. Purmort, 5 Paige, 620. Cited, Spe- cific Performance; time not the essence of the contract, 40 Cal. 11. Attorney-General v. Richards, 2 Anst. 603. Cited, Bridges and Ferries, franchise, entitled to protection, 6 Cal. 595; suits by relator, 25 Cal. 248; Nuisance, obstruc- tions to tide waters, 30 Cal. 389. . See 2 Johns. Ch. 380. Attorney -General v. Road Company, 2 Mich. 138. Cited, Statutory Construction, 27 Cal. 402. Attorney-General v. Smart, 1 Ves. Sr. 72. Cited, Action by Relator, parties, 25 Cal. 249. 2 18 CAIilFOENIA CITATIONS. Attorney-General v. Squires. See People v. Squires. Attorney-General v. State Board of Judges, 38 Cal. 291. Cited, Government, legislative discretion, 41 Cal. 177. Attorney-General v. Utiea Insurance Co., 2 Johns. Ch. 371. Cited, Jurisdiction over Corporations, 16 Cal. 150; Nuisance, 30 Cal. 387, 390; abatement of, 36 Cal. 196. Attorney-General v. Vernon, 1 Vern. 277 and 370; 2 Ch. E. 353. Cited, Action to Annul Patent, 14 Cal. 366; parties in action, 25 Cal. 248. Attorney -General v. White's Executrix, 2 Comyn's E. 433. Cited, Enforcement of Taxes, 16 Cal. 528. Attorney's License Case, 1 Zab. 345. Cited, Attorney and Counselor, charge against, 22 Cal. 320. Attorney's Oaths Case, 20 John. 492. Cited, Attorney and Counselor, oaths of, 22 Cal. 312; 24 Cal. 244. Atwood V. Reliance Transportation Co., 9 Watts, 88. Cited, Common Carriers, construction of contract, 27 Cal. 28, 39. Attwood V. Clarke, 2 Me. 229. Cited, Eeasonable time, 30 Cal. 558. Attwood V. Fricot, 17 Cal. 37. Cited, Mining Claim, title by possession, 17 Cal. 115. Affirmed, 23 Cal. 576. Cited, constructive possession under deed, 38 Cal. 487. Attwood V. Munnings, 7 Barn. & C. 279. Cited, Contract based on several interests, 6 Cal. 375. Aubry v. Forteseue, 10 Mod. 206. Cited, Statute of Lim- itations, 35 Cal. 639, 640. Auchmuty v. Ham, 1 Den. 495. Cited, Ferocious Animal, 41 Cal. 141. Aud V. Magruder, 10 Cal. 282. Cited, Sureties, joint makers of note all principals, 32 Cal. 577; approved, 34 Cal. 281. Auditor v. Woodruff, 2 Pike, 73. Cited, Official Bond, 7 Cal. 440. Aulanier v. The Governor, 1 Tex. 653. Cited, Constitu- tional Construction, taxation, 4 Cal. 51. Ault V. Gassaway, 18 Cal. 205. Cited, Lis Pendens, actual notice, 22 Cal. 211; 23 Cal. 38. Aurora, City of, v. West, 9 Ind. 74. Commented on. Con- stitutional Construction, local taxation for internal CALIPOENIA CITATIONS. 19 improvements, 13 Cal. 184. Cited, Corporations, legislative power to create, 22 Cal. 428. Austin's Case, 5 Rawle, 204. Cited, Attorney and Counsel, striking from roll, 22 Cal. .320. Austin V. Imus, 23 Vt. 286. Cited, Interest, computation of, 29 Cal. 392. Austin V. Lamar, 23 Miss. 189. Cited, Probate, finality of decree, 14 Cal. 130. Austin V. Manchester, Sheffield, and L. R.R. Co., 70 E. C. L., 453. Cited, Common Carriers, contract construed, 27 Cal. 42. Austin V. Vandermark, 4 Hill, 262. Cited, Negotiable In- struments, notice of accommodation indorsement, 37 Cal, 120. Averill v. Lyman, 18 Pick. 346. Cited, Sureties, contract of, II Cal. 220. Averill v. Steamer Hartford, 2 Cal. 808. Explained, Juris- diction, admiralty and maritime, 5 Cal. 272. Over- ruled, 4 Wall. 427; and see Id. 655. Adopted, service of process equivalent to actual seizure of vessel, 7 Cal. 408. Cited to the same point, 8 Cal. 422. Averill v. Wilson, 4 Barb. 180. Cited, Estoppel, by deed, 18 Cal. 476. Avery v. Bo-wman, 40 N. Y. 453. Cited, Tax Sale, validity of, 23 Cal. 298; execution, when irregular, 38 Cal. 380. Avery v. Chappel, 6 Conn. 270. Cited, Writs, cannot be varied by parol evidence, 35 Cal. 340. Avery v. Inhabitants of Tyringham, 3 Mass. 160, 177. Cited, Office, term of, 6 Cal. 292. See 16 Mass. 510. Avery v. Pixley, 4 Mass. 460. Cited, Statutory Construc- tion, "month" defined, 21 Cal. 396; 31 Cal. 176. Aylet v. Dodd, 2 Atk. 238. Cited, Contract, liquidated damages, 9 Cal. 587. Ayre v. Ayre, Cases in Chan. 33. Cited, Probate, executor de son tort, 17 Cal. 192. Ayres v. Bensley, 32 Cal. 620. Cited, Lands, constructive possession under deed, 38 Cal. 487. Qestioned, 38 Cal. 676. Commented on and modified, 39 Cal. 280. 20 CALIPOENIA CITATIONS. Babb V. Reed, 5 Eawle, 158. Concurred in, Mutual Belief associations, 14 Cal. 536. Babcock v. Beaman, 11 N. Y. 200. Cited, Negotiable In- struments, indorsement by agent, 7 Cal. 541. Babooek v. Gill, 10 John. 287. Cited, Conversion, measure of damages, 23 Cal. 311; 17 Wis. 553. Babcock v. Hubbard, 2 Conn. 536. Cited, Sureties, liability on joint note, 20 Cal. 136. Babcock v. Lamb, 1 Cow. 239. Cited, Pleading, justification in trespass, 27 Cal. 367. Bachelor v. Bachelor, 1 Mass. 256. Cited, Summons, pub- lication, computation of time, 32 Cal. 352; 5 Not. 426. Backus V. McCoy, 3 Ohio, 211. Cited, Covenants, action for breach of warranty, 5 Cal. 264. See 4 Maule & S. 63. Bacon v. Cropsey, 7 N. Y. 195. Cited, Execution, issuance of, 28 Cal. 285. Bacon v. Dyer, 3 Fair. 19. Cited, Negotiable Instruments, demand, place of payment, 11 Cal. 321. Bacon, Ex parte, 6 Cow. 392. Cited, Mandamus, discretion, 10 Cal. 376. Bacon v. Robertson, 18 How. 480. Cited, Corporations, acquisition of real property, 38 Cal. 174. Bacon v. Scannellj 9 Cal. 272. Overruled, Statute of frauds, change of possession, 15 Cal. 507. Cited as overruled, 26 Cal. 323. Badeau v. Mead, 14 Barb. 328. Cited, Dedication, to public use, 14 Cal. 647; how evinced. Id. 648. Badger v. Phinney, 15 Mass. 359. Cited, Fraud, fraudulent purchaser acquires no title, 12 Cal. 462; fraud vitiates contract. Id. 463. That replevin will lie for an unlawful detention without an unlawful taking, denied, 1 Mass 319; 1 Wend. 109; 15 John. 401; 4 Cranch C. C. 66; 5 Dutch. 195. Doubted, 43 N. H. 39. Badger v. Williams, 1 Chip. 137. Cited, Agreement, against public policy, void, 15 Cal. 404. Baggett V. Meeux, 1 Phil. 628. Cited, Husband and Wife, alienation of wife's separate estate, 32 Cal. 385. CALIPOBNIA CITATIONS. 21 Baggott V. Boulger, 2 Duer, 160. Cited, Probate, decree against administrator conclusive on sureties, 25 Cal. 222. Bagley v. Eaton, 10 Cal. 126. Cited, Secondary Evidence, 12 Cal. 105; preliminary evidence, 14 Cal. 575; 17 Cal. 573. Bagley v. Mayor, etc. of New York, 3 Hill, 531. Cited, Negligence, construction and repairs, 10 Cal. 418. Bagley v. McMiokle, 9 Cal. 430. Affirmed, Evidence, sec- ondary, of destroyed instruments, 10 Cal. 148. Bagley v. Peddie, 5 Sand. 192. Cited, Contract, stipulated damages in, 6 Cal. 263. Commented on. Penalty, liquidated damages, 19 Cal. 682; 25 Cal. 75. Eeversed, 16 N. Y. 469. Bagnell v. Broderick, 13 Pet. 436. Cited, Title, validity of United States Patent, 29 Cal. 311. Commented on, 33 Cal. 88, 92. Cited, of conflicting patents, 34 Cal. 512; 42 Cal. 615. Questioned, 7 La. An. 663. Bailey v. Adams, 10 N. H. 162. Cited, Surety, on note, delay when not a discharge of, 10 Cal. 425; 23 Vt. 149. Bailey v. Bailey, 8 Humph. 230. Cited, Equity, relief from mistake, 19 Cal. 673. Bailey v. Bryant, 24 Pick. 198. Cited, Confession of Judg-r inent, 27 Cal. 234. Bailey v. Burton, 8 Wend. 339. Cited, Pleading, prayer in complaint, power of court to grant relief conformable to bill, 2 Cal. 285. Commented on. Mortgage, fraud- ulent, 35 Cal. 308. Bailey v. Carleton, 12 N. H. 9. Cited, Lands, constructive possession under deed, 25 Cal. 135. Bailey v. Clay, 4 Eand. 346. Cited, Pleading, defects cured by verdict, 2 Cal. 462. Bailey v. Culverwell, 8 Barn. & C. 448. Cited, Presump- tions, of authority granted by beneficiary of an act performed, 4 Cal. 169. Bailey v. Damon, 3 Gray, 92. Cited, Contract, for services, measure of damages, 38 Cal. 666. Bailey v. Foster, 9 Pick. 139. Cited, "Witness, competency of, 23 Cal. 446. 22 CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. Bailey v. Freeman, 4 John. 280. Cited, Pleading, consider- ation in specialty, 34 Cal. 147. Bailey v. Irby, 2 Nott & McO. 343. Cited, Pleading, alle- gations of actual possession, 19 Cal. 690. Bailey v. Mayor, etc. of New York, 3 Hill. 531. Affirmed, 2 Denio, 433. Cited, Municipal Corporations, powers of, 7 Cal. 376. Commented on, Liability for injuries from insufficient structure, 8 Cal. 497; contracts of, how construed, 16 Cal. 270. Cited, Counties not liable for acts of officers, 21 Cal. 115. See Mayor of N. T. V. Bailey. Bailey v. New World, 2 Cal. 370. Affirmed, Personal Pro- perty, possession prima facie evidence of ownership, 8 Cal.' 617. Bailey v. Shaw, 4 Post. 297. Cited, Principal and Agent, when incompetent as witnesses, 7 Cal. 256. Bailey v. Taafife, 29 Cal. 422. Cited, Default, affidavit to open, 33 Cal. 325; explained. Id. 326; approved, affi- davit of merits essential, 34 Cal. 80, 81. Cited, Dis- cretion of court in setting aside judgment by default, 37 Cal. 249. Adopted, 4 Nev. 453. Bainbridge v. Clay, 3 Mart. N. S. 262. Commented on, Insolvency, rights of debtor under statute to be strictly pursued, 7 Cal. 430. Baird v. Bank of Washington, 11 Serg. & E. 411. Cited, Corporations, powers of, 22 Cal. 629. Baird v. Byrne, 3 Wall. Jr. 1. Cited, Naturalization, when effected, 22 Cal. 85. Baird v. Walker, 12 Barb. 300. Cited, Factors, liability does not attach till demand made, 8 Cal. 457. Bakeman v. Pooler, 15 Wend. 637. Cited, Pleading, aver- ment of tender on mutual covenants, 41 Cal. 422. Baker v. Bailey, 16 Barb. 54. Cited, Plea,ding, denial of conjunctive allegations, 31 Cal. 195. Baker v. Baker, 13 Cal. 87. Approved, Evidence, admis- sions of defendant competent in divorce, 41 Cal. 107. Cited, Divorce, 3 Allen, 611. Baker v. Bartol, 6 Cal. 483. Eeferred to, 13 Cal. 302. Baker v. Bartol, 7 Cal. 551. Eeviewed and -approved, 18 Cal. 302. Cited, Injunction Bond, who may sue on. CALIPOBNIA CITATIONS. 23 28 Cal. 543; on attacliment, bond, 29 Gal. 200; or on promise made to third party, 33 Cal. 127. Baker v. Bolton, 1 Camp. 493. Cited, Action, for causing death, exclusively statutory, 25 Cal. 435. Cited, 15 Geo. 350; 16 Mich. 190. Baker v. Briggs, 8 Pick. 121. Cited, Surety, discharged by neglect of creditor, 26 Cal. 542; 29 Cal. 198. Baker v. Dening, 8 Ad. & E. 94. Cited, Deed, Execution of, 25 Cal. 81. Baker v. Fales, 16 Mass. 147. Cited, Fraud, contract vitiated by, ownership of goods obtained by fraud, 12 Cal. 462. Baker v. Hathaway, 5 Allen, 103. Commented on, Hiisband and Wife, executory contract by wife, 40 Cal. 561. Baker v. Johnson, 5 Hill, 347. Cited, Eminent Domain, com- pensation on condemnation of land, 31 Cal. 559. Baker v. Joseph, 16 Cal. 173. Cited, New trial, on ground of newly discovered evidence, showing required, 22 Cal. 163; 35 Cal. 687. Approved, 3 Or. 43; 3 Nev. 543. Cited, Evidence, hostility of witness, 27 Cal. 68; examination of witness, 16 Mich. 526; Trust, continu- ing trust, 27 Cal. 279. Baker v. Lorillard, 4 Corns. 257. Cited, Contract, ratifica- tion by implication, 30 Cal. 414. Baker v. Rosenthal (not reported.) Distinguished, Appeal, from order after final judgment, 8 Cal. 57. Baker v. Stackpoole, 9 Cow. 420. Cited, Evidence, admis- sions of partner, 23 Cal. 102. Baker v. Thrasher, 4 Denio, 493. Cited, Contract, condi- tional for conveyance of land, construed, 9 Cal. 551. Baker v. Vining, 30 Maine, 127. Cited, Trust, resulting trust, when it arises, 25 Cal. 326. Baker v. Walker, 14 Mees. & W. 468. Commented on. Surety, discharge of, by delay of creditor, 10 Cal. 427 . Baker v. Washington, 5 Stewt. & P. 142. Cited, Appeal, presumptions as to regularity of proceedings, 23 Cal. 305. Baker v. Wheeler, 8 "Wtend. 505. Cited, Eeplevin, action lies for timber cut, 16 Calr'578. Distinguished, 44 Barb. 451. Commented on. Damages, measure of, 23 Cal. 311; 38 Me. 177. 24 CALIFORNIA CITATIONS. Baldwin v. Bennett, 4 Oal. 392. Cited, Measure of Dam- ages, on breach of contract, 9 Oal. 364; 4 Nev. 307. Baldwin v. Johnson, Saxt. Oh. 441. Cited, Title, possession as notice of, 21 Cal. 628. Baldwin v. Kimmel, 16 Abb. Pr. 353. Cited, Execution, for costs against married woman, 26 Cal. 445. Baldwin v. Kramer, 2 Cal. 582. Construed and affirmed, Jurisdiction, court loses power over judgment or to grant a new trial after expiration of term, 4 Cal. 106; 5 Cal. 407; 19 Cal. 707; 25 Cal. 17; 28 Cal. 337. Cited, Eecords, not amendable after adjournment of term, 25 Cal. 51. Baldwin v. Palmer, 10 N. Y. 232. Cited, Action, for money or services, on void contract, 38 Cal. 110. Baldwin v. Simpson, 12 Cal. 560. Cited, Land, construc- tive possession under color of title, 23 Cal. 437; 25 Cal. 138. Commented on, and doctrine approved, 38 Cal. 487, 488; 38 Cal. 675; sufficiency of inclosure to prove actual possession, 32 Cal. 22. Baldwin v. Whiting, 13 Mass. 57. Cited, Tenant in Com- mon, conveyance of specific part of property, 35 Cal. 587. Ball V. Dunsterville, 4 Term Eep. 313. Cited, Deed, exe- cution of, 22 Cal. 565, Ballance v. Forsyth, 13 How. 18. Cited as inapplicable, Taxation, assessment of lands, 8 Cal. 887. Ballanoe v. Papin, 19 How. 342. Cited, Ejectment, surveys and patents as evidence, 13 Cal. 413. Ballard v. Burgett, 47 Barb. 646. Cited, Personal Prop- erty, possession as evidence of ownership, 42 Cal. 147. BaUou V. Hudson, 13 Gratt. 672. Commented on, Probate, judgments conclusive, 20 Cal. 270. BaUs V. Westwood, 2 Camp. 11. Eeversed, Use and Occu- pation, defense showing title extinguished, 1 Ell. & B. 630. Commented on, 3 Cal. 204. Balston v. Bensted, 1 Camp. 463. Cited, "Water Eights, title by adverse possession, 25 Cal. 509. Overruled, 7 H. L. Gas. 368. Doubted, 50 Barb. 327. Baltimore v. State, 15 Md. 376. Cited, Constitutionality of Statute, obnoxious provisions in statute, their effect, 22 Cal. 386. CALIFOBNIA CITATIONS. 25 Bancroft v. WardweU, 13 John. 489. Cited, Use and Oc- cupation, action for, 3 Cal. 204; 35 Cal. 194. Bangor v. Laney, 21 Me. 472. Cited, Street Assessments, time to make, 36 Cal. 413. Bangs V. Strong, 1 Denio, 619. Cited, Insolvency, effect of discharge, 14 Cal. 178. Bangs V. Strong, 4 N. Y. 315. Cited, Surety, when dis- charged by delay of creditor, 10 Cal. 426. Bank v. Chester, 11 Penn. St. 290. Cited, Foreclosure, of in- stalment mortgage, 23 Cal. 31. Denied, 37 Ala. 361. Bank v. Common-wealth, 10 Penn. St. 448. Cited, Statutory construction, concurrent statutes, repeal bv implica- tion, 35 Cal. 709. Bank of Augusta v. Earle, 13 Pet. 519. Cited, Corpora- tions, powers of, how restricted, 1 Cal. 356; law of comity between States as applied to corporation con- tracts, 9 Cal. 163; 13 Gratt. 774; 5 Bush, 76. Bank of Chillicothe v. Town of Chillieothe, 7 Ohio, 358. Cited, Municipal Corporations, contracts of, how con- strued, 16 Cal. 270. Estoppel in pais, 16 Cal. 628. Bank of Columbia v. Hagner, 1 Pet. 455. Approved, Con- tracts to Convey Lands, covenants dependent, 35 Cal. 662. Bank of Columbia v. Newoomb, 6 John. 98. Cited, Con- stitutionality of Statute, execution against joint debtor not served with process, 39 Cal. 97. Bank of Columbia v. Okely, 4 Wheat. 235. Cited, Consti- tutionality of Statute, summary remedies under statute, 2 Cal. 247; 12 Wheat. 342; 10 Wis. 382. Bank of Columbia v. Patterson, 7 Cranch, 299. Cited, Cor- porations, liability on implied contracts, 9 Cal. 471 ; 12 Wheat. 100. Bank of Commerce v. New York City, 2 Black, 620. Cited, Acts of Congress, as the supreme law and rule of judgment, applied to legal tender notes, 25 Cal. 484; to State taxation of bonds, 29 Cal. 537; and securities, Id. 546. Bank of England v. Tarleton, 23 Miss. 173. Cited, Mort- gage, securing several notes, 23 Cal. 30. Bank of Genessee v. Patehin Bank, 13 N. Y. 309. Corpo- ration, power of officers to bind by note, 27 Cal. 257. 26 CALIFORNIA CITATIONS. Banls: of Kentucky v. McWiUiams, 2 Marsh. J. J. 257. Cited, Land, constructive possession, 25 Cal. 135. Bank of Kentucky v. Schuylkill Bank, 1 Pars. Sel. Gas. 250. Cited, Corporations, presumptions as to their proceedings, 33 Cal. 191, 193. Distinguished and doubted, 13 N. Y. 641. Bank of Metropolis v. New England Bank, 1 How. 234. Cited, Corporate Stock, transfer of, 42 Cal. 147; 9 Bosw. 343. Doubted, 15 Mo. 343. Bank of Missouri v. Wells, 12 Mo. 361. Distinguished, Lien of judgment, 10 Cal. 82. Bank of Monroe, Ex parte, 7 Hill, 177. Cited, Affidavit, by agent, what must state, 27 Cal. 299. Bank of Monroe v. Sehermerhom, Clark's Ch. 300. Cited, Injunction, granting or dissolving in discretion of court, 39 Cal. 167. Bank of Mount Pleasants v. Sprigg, 1 McLean, 183. Cited, Conveyance, when a mortgage, 8 Cal. 430. Bank of New York v. Stryker, 1 Wheel. Cr. Ca. 330. Cited, Attorney and Counsel, stricken from roll, 22 Cal. 321. Bank of Niagara, Matter of, 6 Paige, 213. Cited, Eeceiver, not entitled to counsel fees, 8 Cal. 321. Bank of North America v. Meredith, 2 Wash. C. C. 47. Cited, Debtor and Creditor, application of payments, 14 Cal. 449. Bank of Orleans v. Merrill, 2 Hill, 295. Cited, Negotiable Instruments, certificates of deposit, 29 Cal. 506; 35 Cal. 120. Bank of Peru v. Famsworth, 18 111. 563. Cited, Negotiable Instruments, certificate of deposit, 29 Cal. 506. Bank of the Republic v. County of Hamilton, 21 111. 53. Cited, Taxation, of securities deposited by corporation, 29 Cal. 546. Bank of Rochester v. Bowen, 7 Wend. 158. Negotiable Instruments, unauthorized indorsement of partner, 37 Cal. 117. Reviewed and applied, notice of accommo- dation indorsement, 37 Cal. 120. Bank of' Rochester v. James, 4 Denio, 489. Sale and De- hvery, by bill of lading, 8 Cal. 614. CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. 27 Bank of Rome v. Village of Rome, 18 N. Y. 38. Statutory Construction, 25 Cal. 646. Bank of United States v. Bank of Washington, 6 Pet. 19. Cited, Appeal, effect of reversal, 14 Cal. 680. Bank of United States v. Covert, 13 Ohio, 240. Cited, Mortgage, securing several notes, priority, 23 Cal. 30. Bank of United States v. Dandridge, 12 Wheat. 64. Cited, Corporation, estopped from denying authority of its agents or officers, 9 Cal. 473; 16 Cal. 270; 33 Cal. 696; 37 Cal. 588. Bank of United States v. Daniel, 12 Pet. 55. Cited, Equity, relief from mistake of law, 16 Cal. 665. Bank of United States v. Davis, 2 Hill, 451. Cited, Prin- cipal and Agent, notice to agent is notice to principal, 31 Cal. 165; 3 Md. Ch. Dec. 389. Bank of United States v. Housman, 6 Paige, 526. Cited, Deed, validity of deed of gift, 30 Cal. 27. Eeviewed, 16 Ohio, 444. Bank of United States v. Lee, 13 Pet. 107. Cited, Husband and Wife, separate property of wife, 13 Cal. 498. Bank of United States v. Owens, 2 Pet. 527. Cited, Con- tracts, unlawful, not enforceable, 29 Cal. 271 ; unlawful consideration renders contract void, 30 Cal. 524. Dis- tinguished, 9 Pet. 403; and cited, 13 Md. 219; 10 Wis. 237; 7 How. Miss. 527. Bank of United States v. Sehultz, 2 Ohio, 471. Cited, In- junction, restraining judicial sale, 9 Cal. 548. Cited, Pleading, facts must be stated, they cannot be supplied by the evidence, 10 Cal. 332. Bank of United States v. Sill, 5 Conn. 106. Cited, Evi- dence, secondary evidence of destroyed bill when ad- missible, 9 Cal. 448; 10 Cal. 148, 149. Bank of Utica v. Bender, 21 Wend. 643. Approved, Nego- tiable instruments, notice of dishonor, diligence re- quired, 33 Cal. 181. Bank of Utioa v. Merserau, 3 Barb. 528. Cited, Conveyance, sufficiency of, 25 Cal. 48; 13 Abb. Pr. 71. Banlc of Utica v. Smalley, 2 Cow. 777. Commented on. Corporation, transfer of stock, 5 Cal. 188. Banks v. American T. Society, 4 Sand. Ch. 438. Cited, Practice, stipulations binding, 35 Cal. 606. 28 CAIIFOBNIA CITATIONS. Banks V, Fowler, 3 Litt. 332. Cited, Jurisdiction, cannot be conferred by consent of parties, 29 Oal. 463. Banks v. Moreno, 39 Cal. 283. Commented on, Mexican Grants, title, 13 Wall. 489, 493, 496. Banks v. Pike, 15 Me. 268. Cited, Counter-claim, to joint demand, 41 Cal. 59. Banks v. Poitiaux, 3 Eand. 136. Cited, Corporations, prop- erty necessary for its purposes, 14 Oal. 552; questions of violation of charter subject exclusively to legisla- tive investigation in a direct proceeding, 22 Cal. 630. Banks v. Walker, 2 Sand. Ch. 344. Cited, Mortgage, ope- ration upon subsequently acquired title, 14 Cal. 634. Banton v. Wilson, 4 Tex. 490. Approved and adopted, Office and Officer, term of office, 11 Cal. 88; 12 Cal. 390. Barber v. Reynolds, 33 Cal. 498. Followed, Pleading, amended complaint takes the place of the original, 8 Nev. 60. Barber v. Rose, 5 Hill, 76. Approved, Pleading, unskillful performance to be specially pleaded, 1 Cal. 372; so, as to counter-claim for damages set up in answer, 26 Cal, 308. Barber v. Spenoer, 11 Paige, 518. Cited, Counter-claim, when set-off enforceable in equity, 11 Cal. 102. Barbet v. Langlois, 5 La. An. 212. Commented on. Hus- band and Wife, separate and community property, 14 Cal. 606; 26 Cal. 568. Barbour v. Mott, Cal. Sup. Ct. Oct. T. 1851 (not reported.) Cited, Office, appointment to fill vacancy, 1 Cal. 536. Barbour v. Whitlook, 4 B. Monr. 180. Cited, Lands and Land Titles, actual possession as notice of title, 8 Cal. 467; 36 Cal. 272. Barclay v. Bailey, 2 Camp. 527. Cited, Negotiable Instru- ments, presentation and demand, reasonable hours, 8 Cal. 633. Barclay v. Howell's Lessee, 6 Pet. 498. Cited, Dedication, to public use, how evinced, 14 Cal. 649; 22 Cal. 489; ownership of property dedicated, 15 Cal. 548; railroad, an easement, 19 Cal. 596. Bardwell v. Ames, 22 Pick. 333. Cited, Water Bights, in- terest acquired by purchase, 29 Cal. 207. OALIFOBNU CITATIONS. 29 BardAwell v. Town of Jamaica, 15 Yt. 438. Cited, Bridges, defined, 24 Cal. 488. Barhyte v. Hughes, 33 Barb. 320. Commented on and ap- proved, Counter-claim cannot be set up in actions of tort, 35 Cal. 281. Barickman v. Kuykendall, 6 Blackf. 22. Cited, Vendor and Yendee, rescission of contract, 16 Cal. 628; re- covery back of money paid by vendee, 33 Cal. 195. Barker v. Blkins, 1 John. Ch. 465. Commented on. Equity, relief from judgment at law, diligence required, 12 Cal. 447. Barker v. Gates, 1 How. Pr. 77. Cited, Execution, appli- cation of money, several judgment liens, 37 Cal. 13'6. Barker v. HaU, 13 N. H. 298. Cited, Mortgage, by insolvent debtor, 10 Cal. 276. Barker v. Koiieinan, 13 Cal. 9. Commented on and declared not applicable, Husband and Wife, conveyance to wife, 17 Cal. 581; 31 Cal. 445, 447. Cited, gift from hus- band to wife, 31 Cal. 653. Barker, Matter of, 6 Wend.' 510. Construed, Corporations, not entitled to vote on stock held hj trustees, 37 Cal. 27. Barker v. People, 3 Cow. 686. Approved, Office and Officer, constitutional restriction on divestiture of office, 2 Cal. 212; 12 Wis. 310. Barker v. Salnaon, 2 Met. 32. Cited, Yendor and Yendee, vendee may deny vendor's title, 18 Cal. 476. Barkley v. Barkley, 3 McCord, 269. Cited, Deed, parol evidence cannot be admitted to vary terms of, 24 Cal. 417. Barley v. Carleton, 12 N. H. 9. Commented on, Land and Land Titles, constructive possession under color of title, 25 Cal. 136. Barlow v. Bishop, 1 East, 432; 3 Esp. 266. Cited, Negotia- ble Instruments, acceptance by agent, 13 Cal. 48. Barlow v. Whitloek, 4 Hon. 180. Cited, Yendor and Yen- dee, equitable title can only be lost by adverse posses- sion, 40 Cal. 571. Barnard v. Lee, 97 Mass. 92. Cited, Specific Performance, waiver of forfeiture in contractj 40 Cal. 13. 30 CALIFOENIA CITATIONS. Barnard's Heirs v. Ashley's Heirs, 18 How. 43. Cited, Pre- emptioner, rights of, 27 Cal. 519; 29 Gal. 320; 37 Cal. 517. Barnes, Case of, W. Jones, 352. Cited, Executors and Ad- ministrators, powers of, under will, 32 Cal. 440. Barnes v. Hurd, 11 Mass. 69. Cited, Judgment, on defective complaint, 30 Cal. 488. Barnes v. Ferine, 12 N. T. 18; 15 Barb. 249. Cited, Deed, parol proof of consideration, 26 Cal. 474. Barnesly v. PoAvell, 1 Ves. Sr. 284. Overruled, 6 H. L. Cas. 601. Commented on, Probate, decree conclusive, 20 Cal. 267. Bamet v. Barbour, 1 Litt. 396. Cited, Constitutionality of Statutes, suspension of remedies, 4 Cal. 167. Bamet v. Bamet, 15 Serg.