-«, t^ atliata, New IJorh CHARLES WILLIAM WASON COLLECTION CHINA AND THE CHINESE THE GIFT OF CHARLES WILLIAM WASON CLASS OF 1876 1918 _ Cornell University Library BV 2060.S28 Into all the yyorld / 3 1924 023 021 284 The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924023021284 INTO ALL THE WORLD. !^^>t»vV^^ THE "MESSENGER. INTO All the World. WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. \-- OUKM i I- LONDON: GRIFFITH, FARRAN, OKEDEN & WELSH, (successors to newberv and Harris), AND SYDNEY. \/\/ 0.5 014. The rights of translation and 0/ nproditction are reserved. PREFACE. ->-^ 'TT^HE following pages, by telling what has been done in a small way, serve to show what might be done far more perfectly in a large way, if our Church and Nation fully accepted the responsibility of the position that England holds as the greatest commercial Empire in the world. Certain definite principles are advocated in describing an effort that has been made for the benefit of those who go out from our country as unconscious missionaries for good or evil, and who represent our Christianity and Nationality in other lands. This little book is launched in hopes that it may interest many in an endeavour to promote the highest welfare of a class who have been too little thought of as important factors in England's greatness. JOHN SCARTH. Bearsted Vicarage, Maidstone. CONTENTS. PAGE The Two Universities . . . . i Mighty Changes ..... 5 True Church Work is Mission Work . . 22 Honour be to whom Honour is Due . . 27 How the Work Grew .... 42 Church Work among Emigrants on Board Ship S4 Fishermen ...... 66 The Mediterranean . • . . ' . 78 Egypt: the Suez Canal ... 88 Newfoundland . . . . .95 Northern Europe ..... 106 The Far East . . . . .112 A Retrospect . . . . 118 Appendix A ..... . 133 Appendix B ..... 14S THE "true BRITON" AND *' ANGLIA " TOG. CHAPTER I. Cije Ctoo Wini'otmtizs. 'HERE have been so many changes, and such marvellous developments, in the last five-and-twenty years, it may -& be worth while to record some that have not been occupying so much attention as they deserve. The rapid opening up of the world is drawing mankind into closer union ; distance is being immeasurably decreased when persons far apart can speak to each other as if they were near. It has been said that now there are only two great universi- ties, the University of Learning, and the University of the I 2 INTO ALL THE WORLD. Knowledge of the World, the curriculum of the latter takes the widest range, and the education it offers is always presenting something new. This is a restless age. But while there is this interminable going to and fro, there has been growing up, during the last twenty-five years, a system that tends, in some measure, to sanctify it. The very men who move most about the world have, to a certain extent, been shepherded with care. Some have even been enlisted into the highest service, so that, not only among themselves, but in the presence of others, they have been of great value in quietly working out more beneficial changes than even some of the more promi- nent developments that have affected either science or art in any age. When we think of the electric wires that link nations together, by a submarine network that no one sees, and the splendid steam ships that now traverse the surface of the ocean with marvellous speed, we might suf)pose that these may be counted among the greatest changes most beneficial to man. In our ships wood has given place to iron, and iron to steel ; whole fleets of merchantmen have been swept away. Paddle-wheels began to help sails and sailors, just when sailing ships had reached perfection; but the screw has now superseded the paddle-wheel, and, in our most powerful men-of-war, has almost annihilated sails. There seems to be no limit to man's courage, and ambitious desire, in regard to the speed and the size of ships. What wonders we have seen in the last five-and-twenty years ! but they are not more wonderful than the changes that have taken place in the men that command, and that work these ships ; and though these changes have not been so much thought of, their effect upon the world has been of immense importance, and may be of still greater value as time goes on. THE TWO UNIVERSITIES. 3 At all events, the efforts that have been made on behalf of those who represent our nationality in other lands have been so far successful, that our Christianity has been represented by our Sailors in a better aspect than was the case in da:ys gone by. The endeavours, both in foreign parts and at home, to improve the character and condition of our seamen, whether of the Royal Navy, or of the Merchant Service, have been, in a great degree, crowned with success; in fact the tone in many ships has been entirely changed, and with a very little more unity in the system, and a good deal more general interest in the crews, the very men who have, in times past, been far too much neglected, might become of immense value in promoting peace and goodwill everywhere. Missionary work among the heathen, and among our own countrymen, has been so frequently set forward as depending chiefly upon money, it would be quite refreshing if we could at last learn to look upon it as depending chiefly upon the Spirit of God, moving among nien as workers, rather than merely influencing people, who are moved to give. The story of five-and-twenty years of any kind of work, in these times of rapid progress and marvellous develo'pments, might well prove attractive ; but when a work has been more intimately connected with the various ways by which mankind, and the wide world are becoming better known, the story of that work may be considered replete with interest. The missionary spirit is more or less developed among those who move about the world, and are not blind to God's wonders on the deep. A little system, and a little care, help to develop it. If we supply the means in the most simple way, and let the men understand that they are trusted, their co-operation is not difficult to be secured. Indeed, I believe that among our 4 INTO ALL THE WORLD. countrymen, except the inveterately selfish, there is really a disposition to be gratified with any trustworthy narrative of missionary success, and, I dare say, that if many more of the clergy were more anxious for the development of Christianity in the world, and less timid about giving their parishioners opportunities and encouragement to take a hearty interest in real mission work, a grand change would soon come over the mind of the whole Church as a body, and there would be an earnest trying to help more fondly the work that is being done. It is a fact, that where the missionary spirit is encouraged, even in a little village, the influence upon the home life, and the religious life of the place, can be clearly seen. This can readily be proved by numerous examples. Nothing can exceed the importance of a World-wide mission work. No changes that can be effected are of greater advan- tage to humanity than those that affect the holiness of a people, and more especially of a class whose ordinary vocations carry them into all the world. The diversities of religious opinion fade away before the blackness of heathenism and the hideous- ness of sin. Rivalry of party spirit, that embitters religious zeal at home, may well be set aside when there is a splendid field open for our countrymen to do good work for God in -distant lands. CHAPTER II. 'HE changes in the Port of London in the last five-and- twenty years would form an interesting and instructive •^ story ; and as we shall have to take that port as our starting-point, I would choose the best point of view, so far as ships and sailors are concerned, from which we may watch what has been going on, and look out upon the river from Gravesend where i:he shipping pass day by day, in an ever- changing and most interesting procession, in which the living and active agents, scarcely seen from the shore, are far too little thought of, as very important factors of England's great commercial position in the world. I can remember when there were to be seen the ancient style of vessels built in the last century, colliers, like the old Liberty, with narrow decks and great bulging-out sides; they looked as if they were built for rolling in the sea, rather than for stability. Once, within the last five-and- twenty years, I was on board of a collier brig at Gravesend, that had weathered many a storm, and was becoming a wreck from very age. The stern was perceptibly falling away from the sides, and when I pointed out the only too evident signs of separation, the mate quietly remarked that that was nothing in 6 INTO ALL THE WORLD. comparison with the condition of her bows ! The wonder was that sailors could be got to sail in such half rotten craft, and that owners could go on sending them to sea ! As this vessel had probably been the supporter of some family in Shields for a couple of generations, there was no thought of looking for any other means of livelihood than that which this brig had brought in for some three score years. However, I was glad that she was condemned before being sent back again to the Tyne for another cargo of coals for London. The annual "wreck-charts" of the coast of England, showing where vessels had been lost, have new marks each year, all along the coast, telling too plainly of disaster and death ; but there must have been many an old collier that sank at sea with- out any record, even in a wreck-chart, of its miserable end. In those days, the list of " missing ships " was long and sad, for it contained the accumulated and terribly condensed history of far more sorrow and suffering than that directly connected with the loss of the crew; for there was written in invisible letters, as it were between the lines that recorded each ship's name, the weary, and at last hopeless, yearning for news of those whose end was never known at home. In those days, numbers of sailors seldom saw their friends. Comparatively few had homes of their own ; perhaps this was well, for the sorrows would have been greMy multiplied, had there been as many with wives and families of sailors as we now find in these happier days, when voyages are shorter in time, though they may be longer in distance. There was much, then, to make one sympathize with the sailors in the poorly manned ships. At last, however, one after another, these old vessels passed away, and their place was taken by steam vessels of all kinds, from the wall-sided, deep-waisted coal boxes, built only MIGHTY CHANGES. 7 for storage, to the superb floating palaces, that carry passengers in comfort and luxury, to the most distant Colonies, or to China and Japan. Most of the famous clippers that raced with gold diggers to Australia, or that rivalled each other in the contest to get new teas first home from China, have ended their career in these five-and-twenty years ; and although a few splendid sailing ships, like the Sobraon, have been built within that time, their very rarity makes them attractive now, and their tapering spars remind one of old times, when every sailor could appreciate the beauty of the cloud of canvas that was spread before the wind. There was no place equal to Gravesend for getting a good view of a great variety of ships, and for meeting with all kinds of sailors. The shrimps, for which it is famous, are the least ok its attractions. There I have visited the Great Eastern, the giant of all ships since the Ark was built. There I have watched the microscopic deflection of the light, which told where there was an injury in the thousands of miles of electric cables, that the telegraph ship Faraday carried to lay down in the Atlantic, so that we might speak with America in a moment. The strange looking vessel that carried Cleopatra^ s Needle was boarded on arrival, and reminded one of that wonderful venture, the Cigar Ship, that has been the forerunner of whole fleets of Torpedoes. The Cigar Ship was often at Gravesend, but I can scarcely say that she could be seen, for there was little more than the funnel visible, the long, black hull being below the water : a strange sort of pleasure yacht, and a great contrast to others that I have visited there. Among the grandest yachts was one owned also by an American, Mr. Bennett, the proprietor of the " New York Herald." She was a splendid vessel, replete with every comfort, and scarcely 8 INTO ALL THE WORLD. excelled by the Sultan's yacht, in which the beautiful marble baths were the most luxurious feature. The Sunbeam^ perhaps the most famous of all yachts, was sometimes the queen among many others moored off the Club House. I have also inspected her rival, the Wanderer, that was to go round the world. Her great masts were glorious spars, but all three went overboard in the Bay of Biscay, and nearly helped to end her career at the beginning of the first voyage. She reminded me of Rajah Brooke's celebrated yacht of the same name, that became the Hoyal Navy of the lovely region where' he exercised his wise and beneficent rule, preparing the way for mighty changes in that part of the world. All the great racing yachts of modern days made their appear- ance at the regattas, and brightened the old river with their beauty. From time to time. Royal Yachts and Men-of-War of different nations added dignity to the scene. H.R.H. the Princess Alexandra of Denmark, our dearly loved Princess of Wales, landed in the parish. There also the Duke of Edinburgh i landed with his bride in England. The number of Royal visits in these five-and- twenty years were neither few, nor far between. But new ports, and new railways, have wrought changes that help to take away some of the glory of former times in the "Royal parish," where sailors of all kinds still meet with pastoral care. Distinguished men as well as celebrated ships have been seen there. For some years, very early in the morning, a smart boat's crew of soldiers (not sailors) might be seen waiting at the jetty, near the little fort by the Custom House; and an active, but very silent officer of the Engi- neers, came from his house within the fort, and went down the river to watch the building of the three great batteries, MIGHTY CHANGES. 9 that are really the chief defence of London from the approach of an enemy by the Thames. This officer was Charles George Gordon, who had then earned the name of " Chinese Gordon," but had still a more world-wide fame before him. The great forts he was building in a swamp had no foundation. This had been the apparently insurmountable difficulty of many officers who preceded Colonel Gordon, but he overcame the difficulty. He systematically put bundles of brushwood, etc., upon the swamp, and built strong casemate batteries upon them, until they sank as far as they would go ; and now they are great, strong forts, with electric apparatus in communication with mines in the river, so connected with the shore, that it would only need the touch of a piano-like key by the officer in charge, to annihilate any vessel that was seen crossing the mine with which the key was in correspondence. It was in his plainly furnished sitting-room, in the little fort at Gravesend, that Colonel Gordon would receive visits from the poor boys he delighted to teach. For two or three nights in each week he helped me, during the winter, in a little night- school, where we had about twenty lads under our care, ably assisted by Mr. Bryan, a zealous philanthropist in the town. These lads belonged to different denominations, although it was a Church School meant to help the poor lads of the parish. From this little beginning Colonel Gordon afterwards undertook work in a Sunday-class connected with the Ragged-school. I shall always value his friendship and his help ; and, though I regret that I could not go with him to Palestine some years afterwards as he desired, I treasure his letters received during both his memorable efforts to do good in the Soudaui One of his last letters from Khartoum was written to me on a post card, and the postscript showed that his lo INTO ALL THE WORLD. thoughts were even then directed to Bible study, which was. his great deHght. One of his letters contained a plan of the Victoria and Albert Nyanza, giving the stations he formed, and showing the course of the Nile. Extract from Letter from Khartoum, 6th March, 1884. " Thanks, many, for your prayers, for I feel the power of such support more than if I had 10,000 with me, for He is omnipotent. The work He does is to render our wills subject in love to His, then we have peace Things are chequered here, and one thing appears hkely, that this turmoil will end in a general uprising of slaves against Iheir masters in 1885, at least, I think so. " With kindest regards, " Believe me, yours sincerely, "C. G. Gordon. " P.S. — Do you think much about Tabernacle ; very curious." Another of his letters was confirming my views of the passage of the Israelites across the Red Sea, and their route thither. Extract from Letter, lyh November, 1882. " I read in the Palestine Exploration Fund Report, October, 1882, your paper on the passage of Israel, and quite agree with you. Your paper is most interesting lo me, for I have much studied these questions "Believe me, yours sincerely, "C. G. Gordon." Another was of special interest, as showing how different were his opinions of the Chinese to those published by the author of the account of his work in China as Commander of the " Ever Victorious Army " there. It was a great pleasure, of course, to be able to do some little good among the soldiers who went out to the Egyptian Campaign that was planned for his deliverance ; but all this must come in its proper place in the narrative of the work that has been stretching out into all the world. MIGHTY CHANGES. 1 1 We little thought, when we first tried to help the sailors, and others at Gravesend, that the work would eventually have an influence in London, and that it would become instru- mental in helping the Church to fulfil her duty better towards our sailors in almost every land. It would be an endless task to tell of the direct work among many thousands of sailors, or even to tell of the hopeful co-operation of many masters and officers in the Merchant Service with the clergy of a Waterside parish. A few extracts from the log, describing some of the visits paid to different ships, will prove interesting, and will help to show the nature of pastoral work amongst Emigrants and Seamen.* But what is really of most interest is the way in which the work grew, until it was taken up in nearly every dock parish in London, and then spread out far and wide. Being, to a great extent, closely connected with ordinary parochial work, which is done daily as a duty, very naturally it 'has not had that publicity which is absolutely necessary to- support most missionary efforts ; nevertheless, as an attempt to bring the influence of the Church to bear upon those who go down to the sea in ships, its remarkable success may be worthy of attention, and record, after five-and-twenty years of continual progress. I may hope to be pardoned for thus venturing to make the work more widely known in order that this truly National, and International effort may be better supported by the ship- owners, who know very little about what is done for the benefit of the seamen who serve them, and whom they scarcely ever see; yet these men risk their lives in their service, by night and by day, in all climates, and in every sea, carrying * See Appendix. 12 INTO ALL THE WORLD. passengers and cargoes with such marvellous safety, through many dangers and vicissitudes. Even a very condensed narrative of a pecuUar phase of the work that comes within the range of the Church's duty, may induce more faithful Christians to take a deeper and more helpful interest in promoting the welfare of seafaring people, until at length, in every Waterside parish, and in every Foreign port, the responsible clergy shall be assisted and encouraged to do their best for those who come, even for a time, within their clerical influence, and pastoral care. It is a work in which anyone may share, for there are many ways of helping it. It is a work that is essential for the fulfilment of a National duty. It is a work that must be more and more beneficial the more perfectly it is carried out. The effect of it may not always be at once seen, but if we combine to do the work thoroughly, we may well leave the result with Him who will not only judge it, but prosper it when it is done for His glory, and for the benefit of all whom it may directly, or indirectly, influence for good. We are able to give, in the words of the founder of this Church work, his own account of its beginning. " The work on the water is of three kinds. 1. Visits to ships outward bound, carrying passengers, either emigrants or troops. 2. Visits to ships of all kinds, carrying cargo only, and therefore having only sailors on board. 3. Ministering to all sorts of amphibious people, who live like waterfowl, almost more on the water than on the land. To speak of 3 first. Landsmen have no idea what a number of people of this kind a wide and busy river like ours at Gravesend carries on its broad back. A striking instance of this is the existence of MIGHTY CHANGES. 13 twelve coal-hulks moored in a line about a mile long just below the town, from which some outward-bound steamers and tugs are ' coaled.' Here lives a population of sixty to eighty souls, men, women, and children. Such a funny world it is ! Every hulk has its dog or its cat, and its fowls, and its flowers in pots. Is this ' no-man's-land ' to be left without the loving ministry of the Church ? Why, there is a little village two miles from Gravesend, with only eighty souls, all among the hops and corn, with a church and a parson, and two churchwardens and overseers, and all sorts of people to take care of it. Are not ' all souls Mine ' ? Is not the black floating village with the whistling wind lashing the waves round it into foam (and terrible waves they are at times) as near to heaven ' As where sweet flowers some pastoral garden cheer With fragrance after rain ' ? Of course it is ; and so, while the pious Nonconformist lay- minister (all honour to him !) goes off to teach what he has learnt of God, the Missionary Clergyman goes off too. Ought he to be less zealous ? Has he no ' call ' ? Has he no promise of ' Lo, I am with you alway ' ? And so he stands amid the blackened faces looking up in a pause of their exhausting work ; as the village curate stands among, the wheatsheaves, or by the village forge, lifting the heart to the thought of something higher than daily toil, and by his very presence, if he be 'sober, grave, temperate,' reminding his flock of heavenly things. And why not ? Is not God among the waves and the toil of the hulk as much as in the sweet gleaning field ? Was not St. Andrew called as well as Ruth ? 14 INTO ALL THE WORLD. But another striking instance of this amphibious race is a certain man you may see yonder, alone in an odd little boat, always leaning over the side and watching. That man lives by what he picks from the bottom of the river — a strange, lonely life ! Our Missionary has come across that man from time to time, and spoken the kindly word, which does so much in our world-famed parochial system on shore. 2. But now to pass to the second class of our work, the visiting of ships having only cargo on board. Here the ministry is only to sailors. Only ! I Can anything be more important ? How do other nations judge of England ? I don't ask how ought they to judge, but, how do they judge ? By the Englishmen they see ? And what English do they see ? Only to Sailors. And a blessed ministry it is. The writer of these lines is one of the clergy on shore, who is privileged occasionally to share in this holy work. He would like to describe what he witnessed yesterday, but he must drop the editorial ' we,' which does not sit easily on so humble a person, and embarrasses his descriptive powers such as they are.* I mounted the side oi the good ship bound to Singapore, touched my hat and asked "if the Captain was on board." 'No.' 'Chief Officer!' 'Yes; there he is.' I walked aft to him. He was sitting down, and did not rise to meet me. I saluted him, arid not discouraged by a ' Who are you ? ' kind of a look, said, ' I am one of the clergy from the shore. May I go for'ard, and talk to your sailors ? ' ' What for ?.' 'Well! to give them books, and try and do some good. * I take the same privilege in future pages for the same reason.— J. S. MIGHTY CHANGES. 15 Other people come off to you to ply their trade ; I'm come to ply mine.' 'Well, I've no objection.' ' I've my son in the boat ; may I introduce him to you ? ' ' Certainly,' said he, melting a little. He melted still more as the boy came aft with me, and after shaking hands with him, turned to me and said, ' Yes, you may go for'ard, and tell the men from me that I hope they'll attend to what you say.' I give this just as it occurred, to show the discouragement one meets with, and how a touch of nature (my boy for instance) opens the way, where my office had no weight. This ofScer afterwards woke up from his indifference, and followed me and Lacked up my words. Well, I went for'ard, and asked the men if they'd have some books and papers. So I gave away a quantity of things, some secular and amusing, some directly religious, not forgetting a Testament and Prayer-book for the forecastle. Then we got talking, making the best one could out of the •circumstances. One man, for instance, had a figure of our Lord on the Cross, marked in indelible blue lines on his arm. I called the attention of the crew to it, and said that such a thing was a lesson, not only to the man himself, who ought to be a very good man, but to the whole crew ; the man lamenting immediately, as was but natural, that he was a bad man. Another man was trying to banter me, saying that I evidently thought they were all going to a bad place ; on which I turned all the power of my poor wit upon him, and said I loved sailors, and was come to see them on purpose that they might go to a good place. I wish I could describe how both he and all of them looked g,t this, and how much feeling they exhibited, and how sure I l6 INTO ALL THE WORLD. am that ' the power of the Lord was present to heal.' I wish, too, I could describe their look when I told them they were all marked on the forehead, as that one man was marked on the arm. They might have been brought up in my school for the intelligent way they said, ' We see what you mean.' A very similar scene to this occurred on board the next ship, except that it finished up by the sailors all shaking hands with me, and in a perfectly simple and nice way. I mean there was no presumption of the sailor taking a liberty with the gentle- man. It was the expression of the heart breaking bounds, the simple human fellowship of the disciple and the teacher. And so I went down the side, and as John Bunyan says, ' I went on my way, and saw them again no more.' And I shall see them no more till we meet in the good place we spoke of. Faxit Deus. Another incident, one of our Missionary clergy told me, L He called at a ship's side, ' Captain on board ? ' * Oh, yes, sir ! but he's ill a-bed.' ' Oh, ! give him my card, and beg to know if I may come and see him ? ' 'Please, sir. Captain says will you walk down into the cabin.' Well, after half an hour's chat (very charming from a man like L in the loneliness of a sick bed on board), he got round to what we are always aiming at, ' Did he have service on board on Sunday ? ' ' No, sir ! no ! ' (with a good deal of irritation). ' No, sir ! we don't.' L saw the irritation, and wisely let it all go by, and stayed a little longer ; then took his leave, promising to call next day. Next day, as soon as he was settled in his seat, the Captain MIGHTY CHANGES. 17 said, ' I'm sorry I was so vexed yesterday, Sir ! I've been asking myself why I was so vexed, and I have come to the conclusion that it was cowardice on my part. I'm afraid to have service. But I won't be so any more. Will you give books ? and I'll have it regularly.' Of course the books were given ; and he went on his way ; and L will see him no more, till they meet in the good place where the brave heart is rewarded for facing its fears and doing its duty. Now for the first head of our work. Need I enlarge on this ? Is it not obvious, that when emigrants are leaving home, ' a word in his season ' is so good ? And yet the Missionary Clergyman can sympathize deeply with the Captain who was afraid. I know nothing so nervous as to hold a service on deck on an emigrant ship. And yet, if the prayer is offered, ' If Thy presence go not with me, carry me not up hence,' the needed nervous power comes, and the tact, and the gentleness ; and all is well ordered for a simple service. And soon your human nature comes to your aid, the visible feeling of those about you helping you on. They are leaving home, their hearts are full ! What unknown storms and dangers, and heart-aches and lonelinesses, are before them ! But Jesus will be there ; you know it, and God, by your mouth, makes them feel it— feel it, this is higher than knowing it. I was at such a scene three days ago, on a ship bound for New Zealand, and I don't think I shall ever forget it. There is one feature of our work in connection with outward- bound ships going long voyages. The Society has a number of floating libraries. Good friends have sent us books from all parts of the country; and a box, holding about thirty, good. 1 8 INTO ALL THE WORLD. useful, and entertaining works, is put on board, and exchanged when they go on another voyage. I should like to add one word about the reflex effect on the work ashore, of all this work on the river. It must not be forgotten (I am apologizing for the ' fooUshness ' of the clergy of a large town parish, adding to their cares by such a society) that half our people are pilots, watermen, dock agents, and so on. We all live by the water. We are thus constantly meeting our own people on board. I distinctly remember the look of the faces of two of the tradesmen of my parish who had come to supply stores, and joined our service on board an emigrant ship one day. We thus ' shoot our arrow o'er the house, and find it in our brother's garden.' The keen approval, too, of the middle class, to see the dear old Church of England doing the rough work hitherto done only (to their great regret) by Nonconformists. (All honour to them for it, again I say.) ' Why, you've taken up with a Methodist parson ! ' said a pilot to a dock agent, who had kindly given me a lift in his little screw steamer, just after we had parted at the pier head. 'No!' he said, 'that's the Rev. Mr. of Church!' ' Don't tell me ! ' said the pilot. ' Church ministers don't do that sort of thing.' The dock agent afterwards repeated this to me, with great pride and humour. I have found this sort of thing in every direction. A poor woman lying ill at the Infirmary hailed me as an old friend, when she knew ' as how as I was the gentleman as visited her husband at the coal-hulks one day.' And now a word about the ways and means. Our Society costs something between ;^3oo and ;^4oo a year (1870, Ed.) J.et me ask any clergyman of a large 1 68 INTO ALL THE WORLD. it was SO tiny. These gay sailors generally welcomed us gladly, though I daresay they count themselves superior to all others who work afloat. We had smaller craft even than shrimp boats in our six miles' range on the river. There were white- bait fishers, men who sat solitarily in their little boats, fishing with very fine meshed nets for the luxury so prized by the gourmands of London ; and many watermen with their wherries also knew us well. There were Barking smacks, too, that went out to the North Sea vessels, and their captains took with them the great bundles of good reading we sent to the fleets under the different "Admirals" at sea. The " Admiral " of the " Blue Fleet " was the one we most frequently heard of, as his fleet did not fish on Sundays. Then, as changes pressed on, the London smacks, the crews of which used to receive us so kindly, and sometimes dropped a goodly cod-fish into the Mission boat (with a quiet word to the boatmen that it was for the parson's tea), gave way to steam-trawlers, and these were followed by the still larger " carriers," bringing in the fish for market. The Lord Alfred Paget, and others with which we became familiar, took the place of the smart sailing-smacks that have now to keep out at sea, because it is found more profitable to bring the fish from the fleet by steam than to leave this work to the smacks with all the risks of contrary winde and calms. So the fish are kept in ice instead of in the sea-water ; therefore, in time, we had the ice-store ships' crews to look after also. The log of the Gravesend clergy is full of entries of visits paid to these fishing vessels twenty years before there was any Deep Sea Mission. Long before its day, the Gravesend clergy were in direct communication with the authori- ties in Holland, and, were, to some extent, successful in stopping the miserable " Coper " traffic there. The British Consul at FISHERMEN. 69 Nieu Diep was very helpful in furthering this part of our Mis- sion work, for he knew well its value. One of my curates went to Holland and found how the fishing gear was exchanged for gin. But it was no use attempting to reform abuses that existed chiefly at sea, unless we could gain a good influence over the fishermen and their families on shore. Therefore, as Grimsby was fast taking the lead of Yarmouth, and was the nearest port to The Dogger, it was arranged that the vicar of St. Andrew's, Grimsby, should have a Mission curate for special work among the fishermen ; and this plan, which was put into practice in 1877, has since been carried on, the Mission making grants towards the expense. The present vicar has even gone to sea with his men, and an Institute has been formed as a help and resting-place for the crews when they come home. The fleets have also been kept supplied with bags of books, &c., from Grimbsy, for the last twelve years. When a great eight-days' Mission was held at Yarmouth I was invited to be the chief Missioner at St. James the Fisherman's Church. The Mission, if numbers count for anything, was, generally, successful in all the districts ; beachmen, watermen, fishermen, &c., all belong- ing to separate districts. We did not have as many fishermen and seamen at the services at St. James's as I had expected ; the Scripture reader, apparently, had not much influence with these men in bringing them to church. The most surprising event was the number of baptisms, for on the second Sunday forty-five children were brought to St. James's to be baptized ! It was a wonderful sight, and one not soon to be forgotten there. At Scarborough, as I have mentioned elsewhere, the young fishermen appeared to enjoy the services and Bible-classes at St. Martin's, a beautiful church some distance from their boats ; the ladies in that parish taking a great interest in the work. 70 INTO ALL THE WORLD. These North Sea fishermen are well paid and well clad. They get better treatment now than when I first had to do with them ; then the Grimsby apprentices used to be sent in a long gang handcuffed together to expiate in Lincoln gaol their offences as apprentices under indentures provided for them by the Guardians, when employment was found for them at sea from workhouses on shore. In visiting the Workhouse at Gravesend I heartily sympathized with the lads who might thus have a rough life set before them without a choice. But even in these matters there are changes, for the workhouse at Gravesend being too small, and that for Maid- stone Union too large, the children from Gravesend are now transferred. Verily Guardians do h&corae fathers-in-law when they have a legal power to send boys away, either to a distance in their childhood, or to knock about the North Sea in their youth. The mortality at Grimsby in the fishing fleet during the last ten years has exceeded 700 fishermen from that one port. Perhaps it is not many in proportion to the numbers of fishermen there ; but when the best years of their lives are now spent away from Church privileges, and all the civilizing in- fluences of home, it becomes necessary for the Church to \t looking more closely after them, and to follow them out to sea. All honour to " the Deep Sea Mission " for sending Mission ships to look after them, and to have a hospital out at sea ! Still, it would only have been fair, at least, not to have ignored the work that the Church had been doing ; and it is unjust, when undenominationalists are taking up this work, for them to publish that some of the clergy who go out to the North Sea to follow up their parishioners, and minister to their own people, at their special request, " are Romanizing Agents " ! It is this action on the part of those who have left the FISHERMEiV, 71 RUNNING INTO DUNBAR HARBOUR. Threading the Needle. 72 INTO ALL THE WORLD. Established Church, or who do not belong to it, that tends to do harm among the very men to whom they minister, especially when they even lead away from the Church those fishermen whom they had never taken any trouble to instruct when they were young. This is one of the difficulties the Church has to contend with ; but the question is — How ? When an undenominational Society, by profuse and sensational advertisements, can raise FLAMBOROUGH HEAD. a very large sum to minister to about 12,000 men, the Church of England, by a steady and united effort, should be able to care for all our sailors and fishermen, and by systematic organization it could readily be done, and at a moderate cost. I have mentioned the Church work at Brixham among the fishermen there, and how the clergy, most of them volunteers, followed up the Brixham boats even to the North Sea fleets. I shall never forget my first visit after the good work had been going on for some time at the church of St. Peter the Fisher- man. A large house had been taken for the Sunday-school FISHERMEN. 73 classes for young fishermen over 17 years of age ; 100 of these attended regularly, and in the church there were at the same time, in the afternoon, about 70 of the senior men, listening attentively to Bible instruction. In the evening the church was crammed, and the choir, all fine young fishermen, not in surplices, but in blue jerseys, led the praises of a really grand congregation. These men nearly always came in from sea on HASTINGS. purpose to have a quiet Sunday ; and when they had to go to the North Sea, to be away from the church they loved so well, they had a special service before they sailed. When these Brixham Churchmen saw the peculiar Mission work that was being introduced in the fleets in the North Sea, they invited their own pastor to join them there, that they might have their own Church services, and one of them lent his vessel to be fitted up as a Mission ship. 74 INTO ALL THE WORLD. But changes may mar all that good work too ! God grant that this may not be until the Church of England has accepted in all its fulness the honourable duty that she owes to the Waterside clergy, to support them in doing everything they are willing to do for their seafaring parishioners, but which they can scarcely be expected to do from fishing villages and newly- formed ports, where the local means at their disposal are barely sufficient for the Church work that has to be done on shore for the families who so often wait in anxious expectation for the return of the breadwinner, and, alas, have sometimes to wait in vain ! We try to supplement the local means by loyally aiding those who are responsible for the work. Faroe Islands and Iceland. At certain seasons a little fleet of large fishing vessels went from the Thames to the Atlantic, to catch cod for the salt fish trade. These were visited by the clergy, and helped with books, &c., to encourage worship at sea. The crews were told that they might give the books away among other vessels in the fleets. We never know how far the influence of the good work may extend. The Greenland and Arctic work comes under "Hudson Bay " (page 50). Yachts of goodly build were sometimes boarded at Gravesend when preparing for Arctic Seas. Sir Allen Young, who owned one of them, expressed his thanks for the help given, and sent a kind contribution in acknowledgment. We have also sent supplies to the Falkland Islands, and we once boarded two splendid yachts that were going to the pearl fisheries on the north-west coast of Australia. They were to be away a long time. We gave them plenty of reading and the best of books. Many a day these adventurous fishers were FISHERMEN. 75 having their thoughts turned to the pearl of great price, and, we may hope, found that, even there, and kept it as their own. Ah ! the number of yachts of all kinds that passed before us, leaving, perhaps, a stronger impression on our minds of these skimmers of the seas and their inhabitants, than our little steam launch or the clergy left upon the minds of the owners and the crews. But then we are fishers of men ! We have to think how we can influence all who come within our range ; and, of course, we have to be thinking sometimes of how the work will go on steadily, humbly — and unendowed ! We have now been enabled to make grants to dioceses on the North Pacific, Columbia, Caledonia, and New West- minster ; and we hope also to help Honolulu. However, we have worked in faith, helping where we never expected we might help, reaping even where we never sowed ; but still, sometimes wondering whether we should try to make a grander show (for perhaps this Mission work needs to be better known), or remain working on in faith that the work done might be made more and more successful ; and that, if we were permitted to do more work in the future, we might receive as we have received in the past, the very help that we needed to do it all. One of the happiest and most successful parts of the work in which we have been enabled to help fisher-folk has been among the poorest, and most neglected of fishermen — those on the coasts of Newfoundland, and Labrador. It is so interest- ing that it deserves a chapter to itself But, before we leave this subject of the fisherman at home, there are many ways that I might mention in which others can do much to help the Church in this wide and most interesting field. I am reminded by what happened in Newfoundland of one way in which good help 76 INTO ALL THE WORLD. might be given. A yachtsman, with a beautiful yacht, resolved to devote her to God's service, where such help was greatly needed. He sailed his yacht, the Laverock, over to St. John's, Newfoundland; offered her, fully equipped to the Bishop, and then began humbly to prepare himself for the ministry ! That yacht has become the Bishop's ship, wonder- fully helpful in his great Waterside Diocese, which stretches from the Bermuda Islands to Labrador ; that yachtsman became an Incumbent and Rural Dean on the far side of New- foundland ! His ship and his life sacrificed to God ! It is a beautiful story of true devotion ; but I may not tell it all, though it has held me up when sometimes cast down. If this is read by any yachtsman who has sometimes thought that he would like to see his yacht win a grand prize, and be famous, let him start her in this same kind of race. He may not feel that he himself is yet ready to make such a change of life, so much the better if he is led to it ; perhaps the yacht he owns is quite ready for sea now, but what is most wanted is that he should be ready to oflfer her for this holy purpose. The better the vessel, the better the gift. It is not only for work on our coasts such vessels are needed — I am asked to try and get one offered as a Mission ship for the new Mission on the coast of the great Island of New Guinea. A friend and occcasional fellow-worker (the Rev. A A. Maclaren) has offered to act as leader in this new country that has to be won ; he has others who volunteer to act under him, but what they need is a Mission Ship ! I remember famous yachts in the China Sea, among them the Audax, the Island Queen, the Falcon, the Mazeppa, and the 2^e; in the last I nearly lost my life, and had strange escapes in two of the others, when on board as a passenger. These FISHERMEN. 77 yachts all became "Opium Clippers," and helped, I daresay, to make fortunes for their owners. Measure their success with that of the Laverock, which is sailing still. The other day I was offered three well-known yachts, built some thirty years ago — they were offered for purchase, not as gifts. Almost worthless now, they were to be sold for a mere song compared to what they had cost, or to what had been spent in them for pleasure ; yes, for pleasure, and many a happy day may have been spent on board ! But would any day be so happy to the owner as the day on which such a noble gift could be given in all its perfection for Mission work, to win souls to God ? There are grand prizes that the best of yacht owners might win. After the owners had enjoyed real pleasure, might not the vessels, of which they may well be proud, be kept in commission for the service of the King of kings. AT LTTTLEHAM — FISHER LAD'S GRAVE. CHAPTER VIII. EJje lltiiterranean. ' HAT wonderful changes have happened in this classic sea since I first steamed through it in the old Oriental, in 1847 ! Italy has become a kingdom, France has been extending her influence on the North African coast, and although England has made over to Greece the V \ :^^w- COMING THROUGH THE STRAITS. TBE MEDITERRANEAN. 79 government of the Ionian Islands, her power has been augmented in the Levant, and in Egypt ; but more especially by the development of her commercial interests through the Suez Canal. I remember seeing the Pique Frigate come under full sail into Malta harbour, and before the smoke of her salute had cleared away she was quietly at anchor, with every sail furled, as if by magic, and as if she had been in harbour for a month. There was very smart seamanship then — it was before Sebastopol was captured, and before steam more than doubled the warlike power of England's Navy. Gibraltar and Malta are strong chips from Greater Britain, and have a wonderful influence for good in helping to secure, and maintain peace. Before I ever thought of mission work- among sailors, I had visited all the chief ports of the Mediterranean, and had the " bearings " of them all in my mind when, eventually, I saw how much good might be done by the Church among the British Merchant Seamen there. At Gibraltar, Algiers, Alexandra, Cyprus, Beyrout, Smyrna, Constantinople, Varna, and Kustindjeh I had watched the shipping at anchor, and from Malta, Messina, Naples, Leghorn, Genoa, Nice, and Marseilles I had followed them, too, before Port Said eclipsed them all, and before Venice became one of the chief commer- cial ports in the new kingdom of Italy. The way had, as it were, been prepared for spreading out the Church's work among sailors in these places, and as at Gravesend we came into communication with crews that went to one or other of nearly all these ports, it was the very best station at which to form a direct connection with the clergy in those parts, so that the sailors could be kept in touch with the Church at both ends of their voyage, and perhaps more good could be done 8o INTO ALL THE WORLD. by such continuous shepherding care. Dr. Sandford, the Bishop of Gibraltar, saw how important such work would be, and he founded the Gibraltar Seamen's Mission to carry it out. The Waterside Mission accordingly made its money grants for the Gibraltar diocese through the Bishop, and continues to send out supplies of books direct to where the work seems to be most diligently done. The system on which this Diocesan Mission is worked is exactly that which might be advantageously followed in every diocese, for the work is done by the local clergy, acting under episcopal encouragement and control. During the long vacancy in the appointment of an Anglican Bishop for the English communities in the Holy Land and Egypt, the Bishop of Gibraltar acted as Diocesan, and gave every encouragement to the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission, to provide for the care of the sailors at Port Said and Suez, and the result has been that a suitable church has been built at Port Said, at a cost of about ,^^2,500. This will be more particularly referred to in the chapter relating to the Suez Canal. There is a grand work to be done in the Mediterranean, and there are good opportunities for the Chaplains of the Royal Navy to do good work for the sailors of the Coal Ships that supply the Fleet at outer anchorages like Suda Bay, &c. When Cyprus came under the government of Great Britain and an English Chaplain was appointed there, a grant of ;^5o from the Waterside Mission was made upon condition that the ships were visited; but so few came directly under the Chaplain's care, he very generously proposed that the grant should not be continued. There were other places, however, where numbers of British steamers traded, and, as the sailors 82 INTO ALL THE WORLD. themselves appreciated the efforts on their behalf, there was plenty of work to be done. Some of them said, "We get on all right where the ships are visited, but at where no clergyman comes on board men make that an excuse, and go to the bad." Of course we took the hint, and tried to get them looked after at every port. The Chaplain at Corfu applied for a Mission Boat. The Commander-in-Chief at Malta kindly undertook to get a suit- able boat built for us, and arranged to send it to Corfu, where it did good work for some years, until the Chaplaincy was, for a time, discontinued, when the boat was sold; but upon a Chaplain being again appointed, a grant for the purchase of another boat was made, and books for the sailors supplied. To Naples we sent help for a Sailors' Reading Room, but it was not very successful, as the work there was taken a good deal out of the English Chaplain's hands, by an effort made THE mediterranean: 83 to carry on missionary work upon the undenominational plan. Instead of the floating church being called the Sailors' Church, or bearing the name of Bethel, it was called the Victoria, and was intended to be for the common use of the Chaplain, and the lay missionary of the British and Foreign Sailors' Society. When I was invited to take the service, when on a visit to Naples, I was not allowed to use the Book of Common Prayer, and even a surplice was objected to. The Church of England was really boycotted, and although the chief support came from the English, the Nonconformists were really in possession. This also happened at Alexandria, and an attempt was made at Genoa, by a zealous layman, to keep the sailors from the English Church, although the Chaplain, the late Rev. E. Bayly, was most diligent in doing all he could for the British sailors there. All this showed how important it is that the Chaplains in Mediterranean ports should be well supported, and in order that Church influence should be perseveringly maintained, I found it advisable to arrange, for several years in succession, to let one of the Curates at Gravesend act as locum tenens for the Chaplains at Genoa and Marseilles during their absence, and very good holiday work was done. When a vacancy occurred at Venice, in 1887, and there was no English Church, the Bishop of Gibraltar, in conjunction with the. Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, invited me to go there as Chaplain. We were thus enabled to provide for the regular visitation of the ships, and, with the cordial sup- port of the English community, eventually secured a temporary church, and prepared the way for the purchase of a suitable building for a Church and Sailors' Institute, the Chaplaincy to be under the patronage of the Bishop of Gibraltar. When I resigned, the Rev. K. Jameson, of Bordighera, succeeded me. 84 INTO ALL THE WORLD. The foregoing are recorded simply as some incidents that came to our knowledge. There were many signs of really good work that had been done for the men with the materials, and upon the advice supplied by the clergy. But I dare say that far the best work among the sailors themselves, the good done, and the evil stopped, will never be revealed, though it is well known where it will have its great reward. God helps in ways we know not. The Spirit still moves on the face of the waters, and in the Spiritual world there are new creations every day. It so happened that within these twenty-five years, the St. Andrew's Mission was permitted to give substantial help in nearly every chief port of the Mediterranean. One of the first ports helped was Fatras, the reputed place of martyrdom of St. Andrew. Although the help given has fluctuated, and local aid, in some cases, became eventually sufficient, the initiative aid needed for encouraging the work of the Chaplain among the THE MEDITERRANEAN. 85 86 INTO ALL THE WORLD. Sailors was often supplied by this Mission. It was also enabled to give useful help at Odessa, Sulina, Galatz, Constantinople, Sebastopol, and Kertch, beyond the limits of the Mediterranean. Large supplies of books, as well as money grants, have been sent out. The cases of books have been invariably carried out free of charge, and Churches, as well as ships, have been provided with books for church services. Applications from some ports have been refused from lack of funds ; but when it is known that the Mission has been able to give some help to Gibraltar, Malaga, Carthagena, Barcelona, Marseilles, Savona, Genoa, Spezzia, Leghorn, Naples, Messina, Palermo, Marsala, Venice, Trieste, Corfu, Patras, Cyprus, Syra, Smyrna, and Port Said, the influence of the Mission, in helping the Church to do more for sailors, may well merit the many expressions of grateful thanks it has frequently received. But there is room for much more to be done ; and it will always be a pleasure to augment and multiply the grants, and promote church work, where it is very important that the sailors should find a hearty welcome in church, and have that help that is so specially valuable when they are in Hospital, far away from home. The pastoral visit on board ship goes very far to promote good conduct among the sailors when they have an opportunity to go on shore. The British Consul at Venice told me that, even with an increasing number of British Sailors visiting that port, there had been five months when not a single case of misconduct had been brought before him, and the Consul-General was one of the first to help us in establishing an English Church there. The formation of docks at Trieste, Venice, and Marseilles, brings the shipping together, and facilitates the visiting of the THE MEDITERRANEAN. 87 sailors ; and it is only to be hoped that, although the distance from church may be a disadvantage in some respects, it may not lead to the appointment of lay readers to look after our seamen, and thus deprive them of the personal influence of the re- sponsible clergy. Much might be said on this subject, gained from long experience among all kinds of sailors ; but to delegate a most important part of a Chaplain's duty in foreign parts to lay agency, when the men to be ministered to are more separated from church privileges than any other class, surely requires no comment when the sailors themselves are only too ready to condemn it. It so happens that in some ports where lay agents, not attached to the Church of England, are visitors, they come to solicit help for some " Mission " that employs them; and, though they frequently obtain subscriptions or donations, the practice of soliciting pecuniary aid, when making a missionary visit, may be helpful to the Missionary Society, but it is not always beneficial to the men, who may think more about the patronage they gave, than about the spiritual help they received. PORT SAID. CHAPTER IX. ^ggptj ttje S)U£i danal. J'ori Said. — Shortly after the canal was opened an arrange- ment was kindly made by the British Consul to receive books for this Mission for distribution to the sailors in hospital. In writing about this the Consul incidentally mentioned that he had become acquainted with the work of the Mission, for the Bible which he had on his desk wherewith to administer oaths bore the Mission mark. It had been saved from some ship- wrecked vessel. Frequent reports had been received of the spiritual desolation of the place ; in fact, there was no resident clergyman whom the Mission might assist in this new and growing port. I had been advised not to risk another winter at Gravesend, and medical opinion pointed to Egypt as the best place for my health. In 1881, I resolved to apply to the Anglican Bishop of Jerusalem for leave to take up work among the sailors on the Suez Canal, and to minister to the English residents at Port Said, in hopes that a permanent Chaplain might eventually be appointed. A hearty welcome was offered by the Bishop. In order, however, that I might go out under EGYPT: THE SUEZ CANAL. 89 the authority of the Church, the Archbishop of Canterbury graciously granted a commission which, under the pecuhar circumstances of the case, was most valuable. There is no need to enter into details of the different difficulties that occurred, or tell how they were overcome ; but the following results may be mentioned as incidental to this attempt to provide some help for the sailors visiting the Suez Canal : 1 . Arrangements were made for Mission work on board ship, and supplies of books to be given where needed for service or for the crew. 2. A temporary church was opened at Port Said. 3. A monthly service and celebration of Holy Communion was carried out at Suez. 4. A grant of land was obtained from the Suez Canal Com- pany (confirmed by H.H. the Khedive) for the erection of an English Church, Hospital, and Sailors' Home. 5 . A Committee was formed to carry out the building opera- tions and to collect funds for the Hospital, and arrangements made for the appointment of a Chaplain and Churchwardens in connection with all that pertains to the Church. 6. The mercantile houses unanimously agreed to do their best to forward the projects, and to obtain all the help they could from the shipowners for whom they were agents. The Anglo-Egyptian Bank undertook to receive contributions at the head office in London and at all the branches, the manager at Port Said kindly consenting to act as Treasurer. The experience thus gained on the spot has been of great advantage, and the opinion formed therefrom serves to show that, with the exception of Gravesend, there is no place that offers such facilities for the visitation of an equal amount of British ships with their crews on board as does Port Said. It 90 INTO ALL THE WORLD. is true that in some cases the time is very limited ; but in by far the greater number of vessels when there is no quarantine there are excellent opportunities and plenty of time for good work being done. Indeed, there are frequently much better SUEZ CANAL AFTER A BLOCK. opportunities at Port Said than even at Gravesend. Although it was very satisfactory to find that so many of the vessels and their crews had already been under the helpful influence of the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission, and its work was well known EGYPT: THE SUEZ CANAL. 91 92 INTO ALL THE WORLD. and appreciated on board in connection with the Church, yet there were many vessels from out-ports that had been quite neglected. The traffic on the Canal is increasing rapidly. The ships include all kinds, from the splendid steamers like the Victoria, the Oroya, the Orient, the Ormuz, the Rome, and the Arcadia, down to tug steamers, going out to India or Australia, and from the stately troopships down to the most venturesome yachts and the ordinary coal steamers. All these help to make Port Said a place that has a high standing in the present day, and it has also a great future before it. Many of the captains, and, what is even more important, the sailors them- selves, testify to the improved character of the merchant seamen ; and with such a nucleus for the Church to carry on work on board ship, surely the work so auspiciously begun will be cordially supported. A small annual contribution from each British ship entering the Canal will go far to maintain the Hospital and might supply part of the stipend of the Chaplain. The Hospital has been thus helped, but the Chaplain, the Rev. F. W. A. Strange, who has been there since the autumn of 1882, has worked bravely under many difficulties, and with much too small a stipend, and has still to work in patient hope that shipowners will think of sailors' souls. When it was known that I intended to attempt at Port Said some work on behalf of the Church, several offers were made of substantial help for special Mission work there, and addi- tional help was given on the spot. The P. and O. Co. at once granted a free passage out and home, and subscribed ;^ioo for the Hospital and Church. In connection with the work in Egypt there are two points of peculiar interest, {a.) It could scarcely be expected that Port EGYPT: THE SUEZ CANAL. 93 Said would be found to be one of the best places for visiting Emigrant ships; but so it is, for there are fine steamships passing with Emigrants to Australia through the Canal. I believe that one of the best services I ever held on board an emigrant ship was held in the harbour at Port Said in one of the British India Steamship Company's vessels for Queens- land ; and in all the emigrant ships the almost unexpected visit of a clergyman there, with all the good help the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission is enabled to supply, the kindly words to the depressed, and the words of encouragement to all, seemed to be even more valued on the borders of the Holy Land than at home. An interesting work is opened out for the pastoral visitation of the little British Colonies scattered about in Egypt. At one place, Zag-a-zig, a congregation of all the English was gathered together, and two children were there baptized. Seven canals meet at Zag-a-zig. (A) It is a matter of great importance to the seamen fre- quenting Port Said that religious influence should be brought to bear upon the British residents. The establishment of a Church on shore, and the appointment of a permanent Chap- lain, will, it is to be hoped, have an effect upon the whole cha- racter of the port, so far at least as the British are concerned. In the development of the plans of the Almighty for the re- peopling of Holy Land, Port Said may take a prominent place. It was by a stupendous miracle the Israelites passed through the sea; but is it not by a marvellous series of wonderful works that man has not only been empowered to cut a passage through the land in the very same region, but also has been enabled to provide means whereby, with extraordinary speed, God's people from all nations can be conveyed over the ocean, and, when the time comes, can be brought, by that new channel 94 INTO ALL THE WORLD. near the land of Goshen, to the very port which will, probably, become the chief port for the Holy Land ? Commerce cannot absorb every interest ; but the interest of commerce may, by the Almighty Power, be made instrumental for the carrying out of one of His most merciful plans, when the fulness of the Gentiles is complete, and the way has been made plain for Israel to return ! The Suez Canal has already had great influence upon commerce and upon navigation. It affects the very build of our ships ; it has brought our richest possessions within easy range of home. It is an important subject for international and diplomatic discussion, and its existence may affect the peace of the world ! Yet, for eight years after getting the gift of land for an English church at Port Said, the pivot on which so much of British wealth and commerce turns, what weary work it was to gather ;£'2,ooo to build the Church. At last, thank God, it has been consecrated, and the Bishop writes, " It may be made, in time, a gem of beauty, and it admits of much mural decoration." The chancel windows will be in memory of the late Viscountess Strangford, whose untiring zeal and devotion did so much for the building of the Sailors' Hospital at Port Said, which now bears her honoured name. Lady Strangford died on her way out to open the Hospital in 1887. Surely, we ought not to have to wait long for the balance of ;^5oo to complete the cost of the Church, nor for the ;^i,Soo to clear the debt upon the Hospital, which is doing such good work. Unless one really is behind the scenes in some of the most needful works for the good of our sailors, without whom our vast commerce and the greatness of England as a nation would be impossible, it would be difficult to believe how much faith is needed to carry any wish through. A direct appeal, published in one of the leading London daily papers, and written by the best informed resident at Port Said, brought one reply, and that was from an army pensioner who wrote with regard to the delay in getting funds to build the Church, "having myself been abroad, I can quite understand how humiliating it must be to our co- religionists at Port Said," so he gladly sent one day's pay, two shillings and three pence. As he gave no address, I now heartily thank him for that benefaction. It may help far more than he ever expected ! A residence for the Chaplain is our next work there, and for this, £v]l are already promised. The Waterside Mission gives £,\2o a year for Church work at Port Said, and keeps the Hospital and Sailors supplied with books. CHAPTER X. NeSjjfountilani. •^^|■ VARIETY of circumstances have brought the Water- V_J side Mission into communication with Newfoundland. It is needless to try to describe them, but the exceeding poverty of some of the people, and the brave work the clergy there have done, as well as the vicissitudes of climate they have to bear, made us all the more anxious to send help to every part of the colony. I have before me a photograph of one of the clergy (Rev. C. W. Hollands, Incumbent of Bonne Bay) in his winter costume of fur, with the tools he carried with him in long expeditions over the snow. He looks as unlike a clergy- man as possible, and something like the ordinary idea of an Esquimaux. When a storm came on, and no house for shelter could be reached, he set to work to dig a pit in the snow, where he could wait for better times. This enthusiastic missionary was from my old parish at Gravesend, and has now charge of the central part of the coast, on the west side of Newfoundland. His letters are always interesting about the work. A church to be built ; schools to be finished ; parsonage to begin. The parishioners offer the labour as their contribution, and haul the wood. In these cold countries wood is the chief material for 96 INTO ALL THE WORLD. building. Two others of the incumbents also went out from villages near to Gravesend. In course of time we corresponded with many of the clergy, and tried to meet their requirements. To some we sent money grants through the Bishop of the diocese ; to others, where the people were sometimes in great distress, as their children, as well as themselves, suffered from " frost bites," we sent quantities of warm clothing, preserved milk, and such things as would be most acceptable, besides reading for the crews when they went to the fishing ; and far away up the coast of Labrador, we sent books for the long winter, and sometimes volumes of theology for some of the clergy. Among other strange things we have been enabled to supply was a " false hand." The correct measurements having been sent, we obtained exactly what was wanted, and the welcome present answered its purpose ; the man could go on with his work, and the people there looked upon it as a modern miracle. It is only right to state that much of the help that has in these last years been sent to the parishes in Newfoundland, has been obtained through the earnest interest which Mr. Franks, the loyal secretary of the Mission, has taken in this part of the work. It is with pleasure, therefore, that we are able to print some of the letters he received, for it is an advantage when we can let others tell in their own words, what we could not say half so well. We have had letters from the Bishop, and from several of the Incumbents, but the following will suffice to show what has been going on : — Bonne Bay. — The Rev. C. W. Hollands, who has been appointed Vicar, returned to England for a short visit, during which he helped in the Mission work at Gravesend. His district has now been extended, so that it includes a great part NEWFOUNDLAND. 97 of the west side of the island facing the St, Lawrence. The people are chiefly fishermen. Some supplies of books were taken by Mr. HpUands for the schools and for the fishermen afloat and on shore. Fresh gifts go out every year. Extract from letter of Rev. C. W. Hollands : — I am very thankful for the box of books and clothing so generously sent by St. Andrew's Waterside Mission. I received them on St. John the Evangelist's Day, 1883. I was so pleased, because some books I had selected were sent. I find much help from them. I have returned from a 27 days' down-shore tramp of 350 miles, chiefly in snow-shoes ; I held 56 Services, including four marriages, ten baptisms, six church- ings, and one funeral. I was greatly cheered at one station, where six presented themselves for Holy Communion. At Twist river, Daniel's harbour, and at Rocky harbour, new school chapels are being built. The fisher-people find frame-work and labour, and Mr. Hollands does what he can to provide nails, frames and sashes for windows and doors, iron- mongery, &c. At Bonne Bay he has an average of 25 at Holy Communion on Sundays, at 8.0 a.m. Snow six feet deep ! Burin, Placentia Bay, December 2SiA, 1883. My dear Sir, I need not say that your favour of the nth December, informing me that you have published my letter, and that two of your contributors had been induced to send you ;^2o for my new church, gave me real pleasure. Kindly accept my sincere thanks yourself, and convey the same to the good donors whom God has moved to give us such generous help. It is not only that such gifts help forward the material work of our Missions, which could not be done without them, and 7 98 INTO ALL THE WORLD. encourage our own people to do their utmost ; but it is so cheering to Missionaries themselves to know that they have the prayers and sympathy of those at home. How many a Missionary, in his isolated home, far away from friends and civilization, and well-nigh disheartened by the many difficulties which surround him, is bidden, by such an announcement as that made in your letter to me, to arise, thank God, and take courage ! When I came to this Mission in 1879, I had no house to live in, and there were only two school-houses in the Mission ; now, thanks for the most part to the liberality of the good people of England, I have a comfortable parsonage, and there are six commodious school-houses in which five certificated teachers do good work on week-days, and the same on Sun- days, assisted by a goodly band of willing helpers. The foundation of our new church is laid. The work has been put back twelve months by the non-arrival, the first of last June, of a cargo of lumber from Nova Scotia, caused by the loss of a letter in the post. We are not idle in the meantime. Our men are able to do a good deal in the way of preparing the frame material ; and Mrs. Winsor, assisted by some of the fishermen's wives, worked for a Bazaar during the summer months, which they held in November. Contrary to expecta- tion, they realized ;^i20, clear of all expenses. We have made arrangements for the landing of our lumber here as soon as navigation opens in May. The work of building the church will then recommence, and we shall hope to go right through with it, and have the building ready for Consecration {D. V.) in twelve months from that date. I have not received any box from you since I last wrote. A number of boxes arrived, some short time since, for other clergy, NEWFOUNDLAND. 99 but none of them for me. I trust the one you sent me has not been lost. Its contents would be quite a Godsend to many a poor person at this season of the year. With all good wishes and prayers for Saint Andrew's Waterside Mission, and with repeated thanks for the help you have given me, Believe me, my dear Sir, sincerely yours, A. S. H. WiNSOR. Wm. Evan Franks, Esq. S.A.W.C. Mission. Herring Neck. Most of the people are very poor, and the fisheries, upon which they almost entirely depend, have of late years been failures. Last year, both at home and at Labrador, the catch was very small, and there being no seals this spring keeps the people in a state bordering on poverty. As a rule they attend church very well indeed ; but some do not come because they have not clothing fitting to come. I try to persuade them to come in their working clothes, but they say they would not like to. Knowing as I do their circumstances, I know they are not able to provide any other clothing than what is barely necessary for them to do their daily labour in. It is a very hard struggle here for a man with a family to provide for their actual wants. The fish being so scarce, and the necessaries of life so high, he hardly knows what to do for the best. I will mention one instance of poverty. Last Monday week I was sent for to baptize two children (twin) ; I went. Neither of them had one single garment to wear. They had something around them, but little better than rags. This was their baptismal robe. Both have gone " Home " since. There are other cases where the parents are as badly off as the above. Another serious drawback on account of the poverty of the loo INTO ALL THE WORLD. people is, that many things which we require to keep the church and schools in good repair and respectable have to be done without ; as we have not the means for purchasing the materials to keep the buildings in the condition we would wish. What is done is done by the few who are somewhat better ofif than their neighbours. Change Islands is eight miles from Herring Neck. I visit there, when wind and weather permit, about every third Sunday. Although the distance is not great, yet, being on the open sea with no land to shelter, I experience some very rough weather in my journeys sometimes. Change Islands is also a fishing settlement, and has a population of about 700. All my people there are fishermen. Much of what I have said of the condi- tion of the people of Herring Neck will also apply to the people of Change Islands, though, on the whole, at Change Islands they are better off than the people here. There are two other settlements in the mission — Uog Bay, sixteen miles distant, and Gander Bay, thirty miles from Herring Neck. These I visit only in the winter, when I can walk on the ice. The people who live there are fishermen, but only live there during the winter, it being more convenient for firewood. In the summer they live in Change Islands and Hare Bay. Hare Bay is the adjoining mission of Fogo. I visited these places in March, as I usually do. My first day's walk was twenty-five miles on the ice. Slept the night in a hut. I spent several days among the people in these settlements, holding services in dwelling-houses and huts. The people, though poor, always gave me a hearty welcome. Twice in the winter I was out in snowstorms ; once I was caught when returning home from administering the Holy Com- munion to a dying man, and, but for timely assistance, I should NEWFOUNDLAND. loi hardly have reached home safely. On another occasion I was going to Change Islands on a Saturday for Sunday's duties. The weather came on very rough, and we could scarcely see half a dozen yards either way. I had two good men with me, who both had compasses, by which we were entirely guided, and without which we should hardly have reached Change Islands as we did in safety. Snowstorms come on very suddenly sometimes, and it is a great risk to travel alone in winter, which is seldom done, and never without a compass. I am npw quite accustomed to winds and waves and storms that I don't much mind them. Should not be able to do my work 102 INTO ALL THE WORLD. (which is real missionary work) if I waited always for fine weather. The past winter was long and unsually severe. The snow has not long disappeared, but the northern coast is still blocked with ice. The Herring Neck vessels will be leaving for the Labrador about the beginning of July. I am glad that I shall be able to give the men some books and tracts to take with them. They are always thankful to get them. I must now bring this (I am afraid tedious) letter to a close. Again thanking you for your kindness, and through you the kind friends who contributed towards the contents of the box, I remain, yours truly, John Hewitt. Burin, Placentia Bay, Newfoundland, January 20th, 1883. My dear Canon Scarth, I beg to acknowledge the receipt of, and to thank you most sincerely for, the box of useful clothing, books, tracts, prints, &c., which has safely reached me from the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission. The greater part of the clothing has already been distributed, and protects many a poor creature from the frost this very severe winter. The tracts, magazines, &c., are eagerly sought after by a number of poor persons who, have little else to cheer them during the long winter evenings. This is one of the poorest and most extensive missions in Newfoundland. I have five consecrated churches and one school chapel under my care, attended by people of our com- munion scattered along a coast line of seventy miles. My people, with but few exceptions, are all fishermen. Last winter the Government had to relieve some 3000 persons in this district. Such poverty is the result of the gradual failure of the cod fishing for many years. NEWFOUNDLAyo. 103 We are at present making an effort to erect a new church in Burin, the principal settlement and head-quarters of my mission. It is to take the place of a dilapidated one some fifty years old. The new building will cost ;^8oo. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge have made us the liberal grant of ;^ioo, and I have collected from other extraneous sources about ;^2oo. The greater number of our people can only give voluntary labour ; and, to show you that they are most anxious and willing to do what they can in that way, I may mention that they have already cut and hauled from woods fourteen miles distant the frame and a quantity -of other timber that will be required. The foundation of a new church is laid, and we shall hope to commence the superstructure about March ist. Should you know of any person in England desirous of helping poor missions in the Colonies, will you be so good as to recom- mend Burin ? Bermuda, Dear Sir, December i4fA, 1887. Your letter of the 15th November has reached me here. Before leaving St. John's we had packed and despatched a large sack of clothing, &c., to almost every clergyman in the diocese, the only exception being two or three who are known to be in receipt of much assistance of this kind from friends in England. On the day I left, the six cases, mentioned in your letter, arrived. I purpose dealing with these next month, and will have them despatched to six of the most needy districts. The real distress, when the pinch is most felt, is at the end of the winter, in March and April. At that time help in food or clothing will be even more acceptable than it is now. I am very grateful for the assistance rendered this season 104 INTO ALL THE WORLD. through your Society, and also for the j[,io which you are about to send to my Commissary, and which will be added to my fund for providing a stipend for the clergyman in the Sandwich Bay Mission. You ask about Mr. Frank Colley. He spent two winters on the Labrador, and did excellent work, but his health broke down, and he is forbidden to remain there a third winter. He is now in charge of the Mission of Bay of Islands, the Incum- bent of which, Mr. Curling, is now in England. Mr. Colley is succeeded in the Sandwich Bay Mission by Mr. Quintin, late of Channel, who volunteered for the post for three years, and who is admirably qualified for it in every way. I spent some weeks on the Labrador last summer, and I find that instead of having two priests in the Sandwich Bay Mission all the year round, the best plan will be to have one of these regularly to minister to the residents, and five or six (if I can get them) during the summer months, when several thousands of our Newfoundland fishermen go down then to prosecute their calling. I have called for volunteers for this work next summer, and two of the younger clergy, including Mr. F. Colley, have already offered themselves. Beheve me, dear Sir, very faithfully yours, Ll. Newfoundland, W. Evan Franks, Esq. Bishop. Bermuda, Dear Sir, December 2qth, 1887. With regard to the mode of appropriation. As I am in Bermuda this winter it is obvious that I cannot superintend the distribution myself. I therefore propose to place the goods in the hands of my Newfoundland Commissary, the Rev. Edward Botwood, R.D., Rector of St. Mary's Church, in NEWFOUNDLAND. 105 St. John's. I am writing to him by this mail (and also to Messrs. Hayward & Co., the agents who receive boxes and parcels for us), and am requesting him to divide the food and clothing where they are most needed. Meanwhile, I am sending a cheque for forty dollars to every Incumbent of a Mission along the eastern shore of Newfound- land. There are twenty-eight of such Missions, and I select these because it is from these that our people go down the Labrador to fish in the summer, and it was the Labrador fishery which was almost a total failure, and, therefore, these are the Missions which are most destitute. This disbursement has taken the sum of 11 20 dollars, or ;^28o currency, and towards this ;^28o currency I have re- ceived ;£%o from a relative, and some smaller sums from a few friends. . But as the need is urgent, and the severe weather will be coming on very soon, I could not wait till I had received the whole amount, but have gone in faith for the balance, which I doubt not will come somehow or other. With regard to the help which has been sent in money, clothing, and provisions by the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission, I tender my grateful thanks to the friends who have thus con- tributed. I can assure them that the whole will be judiciously dis- tributed, and will be the means of making many a fisherman's family this winter less cold and miserable than they would otherwise have been. I am, dear Sir, very faithfully yours, Ll. Newfoundland. W. Evan Franks, Esq., Bishop.' 65, Fenchurch Street, London. CHAPTER XI. Nortijern Europe, 'HE frequent change of English chaplains at the Conti- nental ports interferes a good deal with pastoral work ^ amongst the British sailors in the ships that trade there ; and when a chaplain is long resident, but never takes an active part in visiting the ships where he would find his own countrymen, the loss may be still greater to these men. ROTTERDAM. NORTHERN EUROPE. 107 During the last five-and-twenty years we have been able to give material assistance at some of the chief ports, in greater or less degree, according to the interest taken in the work by the resident chaplain for the time, and have been in correspon- dence with a good number. The extraordinary forgetfulness on the part of the community that sailors really formed the majority of English to be ministered to, is the only excuse for some of the English Churches having been built at some distance from the landing place. It only serves to prove that the Church must take care for the future that they shall not be so neglected again. COPENHAGEN. Many fishing craft and small vessels visit Ostend, and that was the first place we were led to help in that direction, and for several years good work was done. Then Rotterdam, Amsterdam, and Hamburg were aided, the first two only for a time. A chance visit by one of the Council to Christiania and Copenhagen spread the work a little farther ; and another year I was invited to take the chaplain's duty at Gothenburg for a while, his presence being called for in England, as Grand log INTO ALL THE WORLD. Provincial Chaplain, to be present at the inauguration of His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales as one of the chiefs of the Preemasons. Excellent work had been done there by preceding chaplains, and the "Church of St. Andrew" had always a welcome for sailors. On my way I found that the venerable and much respected chaplain at Copenhagen had been unable to do any duty for some weeks ; therefore, with his permission, I undertook to hold service on the Sunday. Since then a beautiful church has been built under the auspicious aid of Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales— a truly sacred offering to God for the benefit of the countrymen of the land ,1 .1)1 ft!; I iW' 'i ill lllil: no INTO ALL THE WORLD. of her adoption in the land of her birth ! The sailors are duly cared for by the chaplain of the Legation, and we have been enabled to send him some help for them in the way of books for distribution. To return to Gothenburg. Under the kind care of the Rev. E. N. Kelly, the present chaplain, an Institute for Sailors has been opened, a Mission boat for ship visiting has been secured, and the St. Andrew's flag flies on board. For this work the Mission has been very thankful to send some help, and makes an annual grant to the expenses. Thus, with Christiania, Gothenburg, and Copenhagen as a beginning, the work of the Church may be felt in course of time in all the ports of the Baltic ; indeed, for some years there has already been a chaplain at Cronstadt, the port of St. Peters- burg, and we have heard of good work at Stockholm, where a lady resident took a great interest in the English sailors, but we have not been in a position to extend our help to these or to other ports in North Russia, Germany, or Sweden, but hope to do so where any good may be done. We shall be guided by the Bishop Coadjutor for Northern Europe. Some of the English steamships in the coal ports, employed in coasting voyages and in the Baltic, pay the crew wages, out of which the men have to supply their own food. This practice sometimes leads to much distress and discontent, and tends to weaken the crews, and takes them out of the owners' care. It places our men at a disadvantage in foreign ports, where the native sailors, although frugal, get sufficient food. I wish there could be a brighter life in these northern ports, and more sympathy felt for the seamen in the ships that sail from North- umberland and Durham harbours. There is growing up a bitter feeling against the shipowners, and this is encouraged by some NOR THERN E UROPE . 1 1 1 who profess to be the sailors' friends. It may lead to much trouble if bad times come again. There were miles of steamers idle for many months not very long ago, and the sailors knew well how much the shipowners suffered then. Wages had to be lowered for the sailors in vessels that were kept going ; and now, when there are some signs of prosperity, it is natural that the men look for higher pay, and this probably will be obtained ; but it is not likely to be given with good grace when the shipowners are blamed by the very men who pose as the sailors' friends. It is difiScult and even dangerous to count upon continuous co-operation for a general strike among English sailors, when the law admits foreigners and Lascars into the Merchant Ser- vice ; and it is not in the nature of modern legislation to permit the combined action of a few to interfere with principles that have been adopted (whether rightly or wrongly) as the rule under which the Executive must govern. The editors of newspapers that take up the cause of the sea- men allow letters to be printed containing expressions that the editors themselves would not like to be responsible for. Such expressions militate against the best interests of the men who are seeking for the sympathy which that kind of advocacy is sure to dispel.' The men are drawn away from the influence of the clergy, who would be very pleased to mediate when any good could be done. A clear understanding of differences that exist is far more likely to lead to a successful settlement, than when mutual recriminations are bandied about, and threats are resorted to upon either side. It is in these northern ports the English sailors suffer most, because in short voyages they are so frequently left without either ship or home when trade is bad. SAILORS HOME, BOMBAY. CHAPTER XII. E\\z JFar lEast, 'HE wonders that are so calmly looked upon by the rising generation, while their seniors can scarcely be- *■ lieve their own eyes, may be found most remarkably developed in India, China, and Japan. At home the great changes are to be found in things that are made by men, but in the Far East they are to be seen in man. Some of these changes have had a marked effect, not only upon commerce, but upon the progress of Christianity in the world. 114 INTO ALL THE WORLD. When the King of Fiji sent his great war-club as a present to Queen Victoria, in token that the reign of club law, and of himself, had been transferred to a very different kind of rule, it was a sign of a most marvellous change. The islands of the Pacific were rapidly being brought into a new fellowship, and there is now a rivalry among nations for territorial influence there. Surely there ought to be a holy rivalry, too, that the men we send among them should be worthy examples ot Christian civilization. The Church has a duty to fulfil, which the home Government apparently ignores. In India the Government still gives some support and en- couragement to Harbour Chaplains, but there is very little of such help elsewhere. When that terrible storm raged at Samoa, and the Calliope Was taken out to sea in the very teeth o/ the gale, every Englishman was glad that it was a British ship, and that a British captain was able to face and overcome the danger ; but that storm was insignificant in its power compared with the tempest of evil that may crash far more heavily against these newly-won countries if there is no brave effort made to carry our sailors safely through the temptations that they are brought into in the Pacific, or even in Indian, Chinese, or Japanese ports. Why should they come there as missionaries of evil, when, by a more motherly care on the part of the Church, our countrymen might be examples of all that was honest and pure? We need more men like Commodore Goodenough ! He died a martyr at the hands of the people of the island, which Christians had named, " Holy Cross " ( ! ) — people who had been deceived by men from a Christian land. Now that there are 20,000 Native Christians in Japan, increasing in number by 500 a month, and nearly every one of the 400 serials that THE FAR £.AST. nS are now"published in that country are in favour of Christianity, shall we take no heed to the character of the men we send among them from our ships ! How very little progress Christianity has made at the seaports in China, where our sailors are chiefly to be seen ! while, in the interior, where the missionaries have only the natives to deal with, the progress has been marked with considerable success. _*^Happily at four of the chief ports in Japan, the missionaries, English and American, have opened Institutes for the Foreign Seamen, and they find a welcome and interest taken in their welfare. We have been able only to give a little help from the Mission, but that little has been appreciated most kindly by the Missionaries. The Clergy and English in China have helped us more than we have helped our sailors there, and by one of those providential interventions that can so often be traced, it appears that the sailors who form the chief part of the crews of vessels running on the coast, and even trading from India and England to China, are not Englishmen, but Indians, Chinese, or of some other Eastern race, so that with a grandly increasing trade, so far as sailors are concerned, the missionaries can have greater influence over the English sailors, because these are comparatively few. We offered, some years ago, to send supplies of books and libraries for the regular traders on the coast of China, but they were not wanted, because there were only a few English sailors in local employ. The Mission Libraries, however, it was mentioned, were found in most of the ships that came out merely for the long voyage, and that had English crews. We were desired to send books for the sailors at Shanghai ; these were wanted first for the men on shore, and then were sent to the pilots and men in the light ships. ii6 INTO ALL THE WORLD. In the northern part of New Zealand, Napier, the church built in the sailors' district was called "St. Andrew." The services were first held in a school-room, then in a warehouse, which was fitted up in a church-like way, and at last money was provided for a real church, close to the sea. There is a long stretch of ocean from New Zealand to Sam Francisco. The first steamers that went out to make a line between that part and Napier, had some little help from us for their passengers and crews ; but there is much more to be done. It is a day-dream of the future, that the Church will take the sailors, and all travellers by sea, much more under her care, and at least try to know more about them, and in a large- hearted way do far more for them. Then, perhaps, a call will be given for some one to go round the world, not only to en- quire what more may be readily done through the local clergy at every place, but how best these clergy may be encouraged to do that real pastoral work among them that helps to keep them true followers of the Saviour wherever they may be. " The Light that giveth light unto the world," should not be hid in the dwellings of the very men who are ever going into all the world. Now that communication has been opened with every coun- try, and intercourse is so facile and free, the little efforts that have been begun by a few, may be useful in showing how everything is ready for a great advance on the part of the Church at large, and country join with country, diocese with diocese, and parish with parish, to make the work perfect as a Mission work — one that may become instrumental in promoting true religion, and in overcoming evil with good — so that the whole world may be better prepared for the greater changes that have been promised and foretold. THE FAR EAST. 117 LIGHT SHIP. Ilj' CHAPTER XIII. 'HPjN an invitation has been accepted from an old friend, to visit him at the country house where you had seen him planning out the property when he bought the land on which he built the house a quarter of a century before, how you will talk about the old times^! The long rows of saplings will have grown into an avenue of trees, the turf on the lawn will have become firm and springy, and the shrubs will be sheltering the flower-beds that needed protection from the breezes that scattered the bloom almost as soon as it appeared in the early days of what is now a brilliant garden, delightful to behold. Neighbours who were trouble- some may have become stanch friends ; and you find your old friend revered and respected by all where you had seen him a stranger among people who were at first distant and reserved. It is much the same in parochial matters ; time is needed to give confidence when new plans are being carried out. Success is always helpful, and, Uke the growth in trees and shrubs, it depends upon a higher power than that of man. It is God who gives the increase even when those who watch the gradual development sometimes forget to give Him the glory. In looking back upon the progress of any mission work, it is A RETROSPECT. 119 interesting to note how many providential circumstances led to its success. It must be remembered that for the first ten years the Waterside Mission was only an effort made by the clergy of a little parish, to provide spiritual help to the sailors, fishermen, and emigrants, of the greatest port in the world ; and to supply them with good, wholesome reading when they were at sea ; and to encourage the worship of God on the long voyages, upon which many ships were bound. We speiit little upon advertisements, but were allowed by some of the leading newspapers to make appeals by letter, which they printed ; but although we were wonderfully helped, quite beyond our expec- tations, the sympathy which these letters awakened would never have supplied all our wants. It so happened, however, that there was a change in the lectionary, and the old " Church Services," as they were called, books in which the Scripture lessons for morning and evening prayer were published to- gether with the Book of Common Prayer, became, to a certain extent, valueless for use in church. We asked for these from the public, and thousands were sent to us. They were no longer bought, therefore the whole stock of these were kindly sent from many shops. They were just what we wanted for the ships in which we were able to introduce regular services at sea ! Many of the copies that were sent were in handsome bindings, and were most welcome presents in emigrant ship?. About the same time the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge removed from its old quarters in Lincoln's Inn Fields to the new premises in Northumberland Avenue, and, knowing how well we could make good use of their excel- lent publications, that venerable Society sent us all of its soiled stock that would only cumber the new store-rooms, which were ready for a grand development of the very best literature, that 120 INTO ALL THE WORLD. has become so helpful to the Church. It was a glorious gift ! Within a year or two this precious windfall had been spread out far and wide, sowing good seed where the Lord had found fresh fields for new harvests. The great popularity of Hymns Ancient and Modern called for a new and larger edition for use in Churches ; therefore we asked for the old edition from the churches that had adopted the new. Thousands upon thousands of copies were most kindly given, and many other Hymn Books also ; thus we were able to supply whole crews, and most of the emigrant ships, with what was wanted for Praise, after we had been enabled also to provide the very books that were needed for Prayer. The impulse that was given by the Education Act to Church- men to make perfect all our National Schools, brought us in quantities of old Bibles and school books, so that, as the emigrants sailed away, we put them in possession of the very books they needed to carry on schools for the children on board; and it was one of the pleasantest duties of the visiting clergy to arrange for classes being formed, not only for children, but for adults who might be brushing up their intellects during the enforced leisure of the voyage. Most of the emigrants for Australia and New Zealand then went in sailing ships, and the sailors, too, took to learning more. There is not so much need of these books now in the steamers, but still there are few books that are not welcome in any forecastle, so we still need continual supplies. Our first large supply of books very suitable for ships' libraries was received from Mrs. W. H. Smith. They were all most carefully selected ; and we like to remember this now that the Right Hon. W. H. Smith is one of the Trustees, and has been, with his family, among the very best friends to this branch of the Church's work. A RETROSPECT. 121 Within the last five and twenty years most large parishes, and some Church Societies, and even Dioceses, have started Magazines of their own. These might contain local matter 01 little interest, one would think, to people beyond the parish or Diocese ; but where reading is not plentiful, and there is no daily paper to be devoured, these Magazines are read from beginning to end, and they convey untold blessings, perhaps, of more interest and value to perfect strangers who read them than they have given to those for whom they were written. The very sermons that were wanted were found in them, and I have seen an old volume of the "Parish Magazine" that has been read almost to bits by a poorly-supplied crew. The ' ' People's Magazine " and the " Dawn of Day," published by S.P.C.K., have been received in great quantities; and the " Banner of Faith " and " Our Work " have come to us from many quarters freely, but not nearly equal to our world-wide demand. There are times in many goodly-sized houses, and even in country parsonages, when there must be a clearing out of accumulated books and magazines, and parish libraries must sometimes be thinned. How wide is our field of supply we know by experience ; but although there are now hundreds of ways for getting rid of books that can be put to some good purpose, there are few better directions in which they can be sent than in the hands of sailors and emigrants into all the world. The Libraries, of which w^e have sent out about 8,000, have done splendid work (many of them over and over again) in voyages round the world, or to distant parts and back again. The testimony of both officers and sailors to the advantage and benefit of the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission Libraries is very gratifying, and we only wish that all who help in this work by 122 INTO ALL THE WORLD. sending books could hear the words of grateful thanks that are often spoken. When we first began collecting books the cost of carriage began to be a serious item in our expenditure ; but when the use we had for them was plainly laid before the managers of some of the leading Railway Companies, they were delivered to the Mission House at Gravesend/r^e. Besides the local collection of books in various parishes, we have now a depot, with four rooms for Library packing alone, close to the Fenchurch Street Station,* whence they can be sent to the Docks and Gravesend. Some day we hope that we shall be forced to larger premises, but rigid economy is our rule. The Mission Office, in the same building, entering frorri 65, Fenchurch Street, is only about twelve feet square, but it is the little centre of what is now a world-wide work. When there is a Council Meeting they meet in the Vestry of St. Michael's, Cornhill, by the kind permission of the Bishop of Marlborough. The National Society has also kindly helped in this way. In looking back through these five-and-twenty years, it is very satisfactory to find that the parochial and responsible clergy have been able, in nearly every place, to work among the sailors and others without finding much interference with any Nonconformists who have been endeavouring to do good to seamen. On the contrary, there has generally been harmony and goodwill. But it is surprising that active and persistent opposition has come from unexpected quarters. Some Societies appeared publicly to ignore the efforts of the clergy, who were simply trying to fulfil their duty to their sea- faring parishioners. This would not have so much mattered, * 36, City Chambers, 65, Fenchurch Street, E.G. A RETROSPECT. 123 but, when they endeavoured to monopolize the care of sailors, and yet left them chiefly to the ministration of lay agents, and deliberately vilified the Waterside parishes, which they did not attempt to help, an injustice was done which cannot easily be remedied. This was like cutting down the trees in a friend's garden, then jeering at him because he could not make them grow. The Waterside gardens of the parochial clergy would do very well if the help that is sedulously sought for by some inde- pendent and irresponsible societies were honourably applied to promote the very work that the responsible clergy are doing their best to sustain. I could give very striking instances of direct opposition to the Parochial clergy, but I would rather encourage kindly co- operation in a friendly spirit than say more about an opposition which appears to be fostered by one or two cliques of partisans that have their own, rather than the interests of the Church, at heart, and forget that her mission is that of peace and goodwill. Episcopal authority might be useful in clearing the way for united action ; but, unhappily, episcopal authority is not always effective where the system encourages lay help independent of parochial influence and control. The Church has a mission to fulfil : if professedly Church Societies have any mission, it is to co-operate with the responsible clergy, and help them more effectually to fulfil their duty. Perhaps the patience with which interference has been suffered may have led to increased difficulties, or it may be that the quietness with which the local clergy carried on the work in their parishes, without making their wants known, as they were being quietly supplied by the Waterside Mission, may have led those who apparently ignojred the work that the 124 /iVrO ALL THE WORLD. Church was doing, to make appeals for help to the public, as if the clergy were doing nothing at all. While deprecating any interference with the clergy from those connected with the Church, it is only right to acknowledge the good work that has been done by the British and Foreign Sailors' Society upon Nonconformist lines, and with a con- siderable amount of support from Church people. To the •credit of that Society, it was the first Society in the field, and yet it is not very old ; but still, the work of the clergy under very difficult circumstances, in times of press-gangs, ignorance, and war, must not be set down as nothing; for there are records of the vessels being visited and Holy Communion celebrated on board long before any Missionary Society existed for our sailors' good. It is far more pleasing to record the help received than the difficulties that still remain ; but when, sometimes, I find unknown parishes, where a grand work is being done without any external help, and the efforts of the Incumbent to over- come the many trials in his way, from the daily opposition of the very people who should help him most, and who make mischief in every direction — from the Sunday-school to the chief among the parishioners — I can look back with intense gratitude upon the ever multiplying help we received, and can forgive, so far as oneself is concerned, the troubles that helped to dispirit one for a time. The troubles made us all the more anxious to consolidate and strengthen the work upon definite principles, and the result has been that it has extended far beyond what we could have ever anticipated, and has been helpful to sailors and to the Church in nearly every part of the world. When the duty of the Church to seamen was discussed last year at the Manchester Congress, the Chairman, the A RETROSPECT. 125. Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Newcastle, said: — "What a. magnificent work lies before us ! We should do all we can to strengthen and improve existing organizations that are doing good work, and see that the whole of the faith once delivered to the saints, and not only shreds or parts of it, is taught to our sailors. We should replenish the coffers of the 'St. Andrew's Waterside Mission,' strengthening it to carry out its. beneficent labour far more effectually than it is able to do at present ; and if I might make a suggestion to the ' Mission to- Seamen' Society, which I am confident would enormously increase its value and gain it support, which it now lacks, I would say, widen the basis of your Executive Committee."* As this is our twenty-fifth year, I am pleased also to print, from the last Report from Gravesend, some excellent remarks of my successor there, the Rev. G. Barr, remarks that will delight not only all the old friends of the Mission, but many new friends who may be led to take a hearty interest in the work. " Twenty-five years ago the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission was formally linked to the Church in this Parish by the efforts- of one to whose memory it will ever form the grandest monu- ment. True he had other gifts which entitled him to a worthy place in human esteem ; but in the Mission, where he sought it not, he will possibly find the brightest jewel in that crown ' which the Lord, the righteous judge, shall ' award him, ' at that day.' " We, therefore, celebrate now our Silver Wedding. The union which was then consecrated in humble hope, and with holy prayer, has proved itself, in origin, divine ; and what God then joined together we have now no fear that man will ever * Manchester Church Congress Report, 1888, page 98. 126 INTO ALL THE WORLD. put asunder. On the contrary, we look around, and see this particular work becoming more and more the Church's own. A living Church must live in the longing to do the whole qI her proper work. The desire is spreading, and will not be satisfied until resolved into action. From the experience of the past, and observation in the present, we may easily forecast the future, and anticipate the time when the Church will, of divine right, lay claim to this special work, as hers, not ours ; and impose its methods as a specific charge upon every Water- side Parish. This is an eventuality to which we look gratefully forward. It is the vital object of our existence. We have no private ends to serve. We are simply ' a Voice,' claiming Sailors for the Church, and the Church for the Sailors— the Church's forerunner on the highway of the seas. And when the Church, as such, enlarges the area of her operations so as to be commensurate with the full sphere of her duty — em- bracing all her children, and leaving none, even the remotest wanderer, untended — then we can thankfully hail even the absorption and forgetfulness of ourselves ; and, in the increase of Churchly activity, see not only a gratifying explanation, but the justification of, and lawful demand for, our own decrease. " I take it that we are too Churchly a mission to be wedded to the idea of separate existence. We desire to live only so long as we can be a handmaid to the Church. And so, if ever the time come when the Church can do this work better without than with us, we shall be glad to 'depart in peace.' Or, if she will commission us in the ' more excellent way,' we shall be pleased afresh to lay all our resources at her feet, and, as hers, do this work, not in our own name, but in the name of the great Church of England. "Practically this is the effect of our work now, seeing that it is A RETROSPECT. 127 everywhere done in perfect loyalty to local church institutions ; and nowhere except by the duly authorized Clergy already on the spot. Thus our work is most truly that of the Church, for it is the Church, and the Church only, that does it, although the impetus comes from without. We do not take this work and do it for the Church ; but the Church herself does it for herself; and we help her to meet the special cost thereof. This is the unique position of the St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission amongst all the Societies professedly inaugurated for the amelioration of the spiritual condition of Sailors and Emigrants. There is not another Society — and we say it not boastfully but sorrowfully — which thus voluntarily, completely, and cheerfully places itself unconditionally at the sole disposal of the Church. We would that we were not so conspicuous. We would that all Sailor Societies, at least those of Churchly name and pretension, were as truly and exclusively a property of the Church. How much more good might then be done ! And how much energy, now wasted in the duplication of work at several ports, might be saved and husbanded for expenditure in places where much good work waits still to be done ! It is a pity. Nay, it is more : it is lamentable ; and the only explanation is, that such Societies have other interests to serve than those of the Church. " The bond of union which has linked this Mission to the Church for five-and-twenty years, having stood tests of time and world-wide experiment, has convinced us of the soundness of our fundamental principle. And since its fruit has been to add many sons to the Church, and to cause a brave, but once neglected, class to call her blessed, we have every reason, at this auspicious time, to thank God for the past, and take courage for the future. We shall persevere, and continue to 128 INTO ALL THE WORLD. write upon all our efforts '■pro Deo et Ecdesia ' — for God and the Church ; and thus we shall never lack inspiration, for we shall find it always in the greatness and faith of this pure and lofty aim." It is satisfactory, when sending these little jottings to do their part in helping to make the work better known, that I can publish the following testimony as to the value of the work done. 129 S,ettec of tfjanfes from tlje Kncumiients of tfje ^riuctpal SEatersttie atiK ©ocft farigljes in tfje ^ort of 3LonUon. " We, the undersigned Incumbents of the principal Dock and Waterside Parishes in the Port of London, and in the Dioceses of London, Rochester, and St. Albans, consider it to be our duty to thus publicly record special thanks not only for ourselves, but also in the name of the Captains, Officers, and Crews of vessels in our respective parishes for the valuable and systematic help provided by the St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission. " The money grants for stipends of Curates, the supplies of books, &c., for distribution on board ship, the library-boxes that have been sent from our parishes, and the steam launch and boat provided and kept up specially at Gravesend, have tended to make the influence of the Church really felt in the Port of London, and have helped to bring the parochial clergy in touch with the seafaring classes to an extent that was unknown before. "For nearly a quarter of a century this help has been gradually extending, not only from parish to parish within this great Port of London, but has also been spreading out to other Ports, both at home and abroad. The effect has been most beneficial both on board ship and on shore. " Through the St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission some of us have been enabled to minister to Emigrants in vessels leaving the Thames ; many children have been baptized, and, when practicable, services held on the vessels, and when, owing 9 13° INTO ALL THE WORLD. to the press of work among the crews, it has been impossible to hold a religious service, much good has been effected by a word in season to the Captain or Mate on the blessing of reading prayers when at sea, and Service-books and Hymn-books have been supplied for this purpose. The Fishing Fleets at sea and sailors in hospitals abroad have also benefited by this Mission. " In thus recording our testimony to its usefulness, we would gladly influence increased sympathy and support for the still further extension of the work that is being done on true Church lines, " among those who go down to the sea in ships." More- over, we feel specially grateful to God for having given us this help and encouragement in our work. "London Docks "Millwall, S.-Wesf India and East India Docks ^'Surrey Commercial Docks • " Victoria Docks "Royal Albert Docks "Tilbury Docks "Gravesend Arthur R. Carter, Rector of Wapping. J. Hewlett, Vicar of St. Luke's, MiLLWALL. Edward Josselyn Beck, Rector of Rotherhithe, Surrey ; Diocese of Rochester. J. C. Buckley, Vicar of St. Luke's, Victoria Docks ; Diocese of St. Albans. Stewart Smyth, Vicar of St. Mark's, Victoria Docks, SiLVERTOWN. A. E. Clementi-Smith, Rector of Chadwell St. Mary, Grays. George Barr, Vicar of Holy Trinity, Gravesend." '3' 2Ci}e Ecport of don&ocation, in commenting upon the different Mission agencies, says of our Mission, " It desires to increase the provision of curates " to minister in dock or waterside parishes, and thus to help " the Church where she most needs help for sailors and water- " side people. Would that the same system were more generally "■adopted, for whilst this Society does not desire to free "parochial clergy from responsibility with respect to their "seamen parishioners, whether permanent or temporary, nor "to inculcate any special views, it seeks to aid them with "assistants of their own selection, and wherever such aid is " most needed." Some of the conclusions arrived at by the Committee are most valuable, and we trust may be carried out. A movement has lately been made with the intention of having a Bishop for the sea. Such an appointment would tend to interfere greatly with the direct Mission work of the responsible clergy, and with the ecclesiastical duties of sea- board dioceses, and would be detrimental to the interests of the sailors. It would cramp Church work instead of opening it out under the happy influence of the whole Church, for how could a single Bishop look after the Church's work spread out into all the world ? Are the regularly appointed Bishops to transfer an important branch of their work to one who could not possibly superintend it ? Instead of incouraging Clergy to delegate their work to others, the St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission helps them to do it themselves in the best way. 132 There is no organization so extensive as that of the Church, none so capable of making known its needs through a vast number of responsible agents interested in its work "The Church of the living God is the pillar and ground-work of the truth" (i Tim. iil). If the clergy would simply tell the people about Missions, this would lead the people to take" more interest in the wider range of Church work, and be helpful to their souls. Unhappily, perhaps, the Church has not taken up Mission work as part of Church organization, and has left it to various Societies, each working upon its own lines, pleading its own cause, &c., thus Mission work has become divided, so that in some places, Societies act independently of, and even against the Church. The Mission work of the Church can best be done by consistently enabling responsible clergy to do it. If only one-fourth of the churches in England would each year give an offertory on behalf of the Church's work for Sailors, and let the Incumbent tell what is being done by the clergy, these freewill offerings would suffice to provide enough help to carry on and greatly extend the work. Surely each church might thus help once only in four years in this great commercial country to keep up the interest. Once in each year in seaports would increase both the interest and the help, and this system of making the Church's needs known would be very helpful, not only for the Sailors, but also for the work that the Church ought to do. The needful information would gladly be sup- plied. Even without an offertory, a helpful interest may readily be created, and would lead to some practical good if this part of the Church's work were made more readily known. APPENDIX A. 9[ Jeln (Extracts from ©rabcsenU 3£os. 1867. February nth. — City of Vienna, with passengers to Calcutta. One of the pleasantest visits I have yet paid. The men all so quiet and orderly, and everyone got a New Testament, Prayer-book, Gospel, or Psalms. September l8th. — Ship Talbot, bound to Melbourne. Crew busy, but had a conversation with the chief officer and steward, to whom I gave a Bible and Prayer-book. Sat nearly half an hour with four young men (passengers), who entered very warmly into an animated discussion as to the attacks made on the Bible, &c. I was able to satisfy them as to the subject brought forward. Left, after having Prayer, with their warmest thanks and good wishes. They followed me to the boat, and wrung my hand very warmly. September 22nd. — Ship — , bound to Canterbury, N.Z. Had an interesting visit. Met with several groups of young men, to whom I spoke very seriously ; also addressed a group of children. Met with an old gentleman from Devonshire, who came to see two of his children off, and several grandchildren. He thanked me most warmly for speaking to his family, and for the comfort of my visit. I must record the words, they cheered me so much : " What a blessing it is that there is at Gravesend such a Mission as this, to send a kind friend to speak words of hope and comfort to the broken-hearted!" He said this with the tears running down his cheeks. September 22nd. — Ship Nieman, bound to Bombay. Mate, excellent fellow. A sailor (steady man) told me that, about four years ago, after a "drinking bout," he met with a "Band of Hope," which completely turned him from his drinking habits. He said that our giving away such books as those he saw could not help doing good. I also saw one who had benefited by the tract, " Buy your own Cherries." 134 INTO ALL THE WORLD. October 26th. — Hunter, Fishing Cutter, long cruise ; Ibis, Fishing Cutter ; Eden, Jamaica ; Ocean Wave, to load coals in Wales ; City of Vienna, welcomed by all the men most heartily. Certainly one of the pleasantest visits ever paid. The men said they had often thought of me during the voyage. The pleasantest they had ever had, and they wished they might ever go in such a ship. See February I ith, page 133. ST. ANDREWS WATERSIDE MISSION CHURCH, GRAVESEND. November 24th. — Ship , from Calcutta. Having arrived after a storm, I had an opportunity of speaking^ seriously. told me it was owing to his mother's prayers he was saved j he APPENDIX. 135 said : " I was wrecked last voyage, and all on board lost except three of us ; but my mother prayed for me, sir, I felt it." Much more he told me. I found on enquiry that he was an unmarried man who entirely supported his widowed mother, and that the tenderest affection existed between them. November 25th. — Ship Min, bound to Shanghai. The captain begged a few periodicals. Expressed great pleasure at my visit, and said I might do as I liked on his ship. Assembled the men in forecastle, and addressed them. Gave some Bibles away. Fishing Smack. — Captain and boys said they had all been supplied with Bibles and Prayer Books from the Mission. All the boys said prayers regularly : were glad of reading. Large Steamer. — Busy washing decks. Gave books, &c. ; met a man on board whose wife I attended when she died, and in her last illness. He spoke warmly of her thanks to me. For Bermuda, &'c. — Expected to be away nine months. Captain would do his best to get service carried out regularly : his wife would sing. Left Hymn-books for all, and Prayer-books for service, besides a lot of reading, the Captain saying that that was the best way to help the men. He offered me a small donation, but appeared to think it too small (several shillings). I said that I would rather he gave it to his clergyman for any Seaman's Mission, and thus avoided the difficulty on his part. He said that men went about the docks soliciting money for Missions, and he did not like it — the same man had come two or three times. Local Missions, well conducted, would remedy this difficulty ; the parochial clergy should be assisted by Societies which do not adopt such means. Ship for Calcutta. — One man in the forecastle knew our libraries in other ships, and was very grateful for books. A young man in the "midshipmen's" berth said they had Divine Service there among them- selves every Sunday, the " midshipmen " taking it in turns to conduct it. Captain not cordial. Ship for Melbourne. — ^Well received by chief mate, and in the forecastle ; also by the quarter-master. A number of sailors asked eagerly for a library, saying they had had our libraries in other ships. I consented to leave one on condition that the books were circulated among the crew. Gave a number of books, Bibles, &c. Splendid Ship for Sydney. — Had box on board : left another, and books for service. The mate would do his best to encourage service, and 136 INTO ALL THE WORLD. would direct his particular attention to the boys. A sick passenger on board very grateful for my conversation with him. I led him on to think of his preparation for death, and at his request left some devotional books. He said he would have time to think, and was grateful for his sickness. [Noticed in the Times that he died shortly afterwards at sea.] Brig for FcUkland Isles. — The Secretary of the F. I. Company received me on board, introduced me to all the passengers (shepherds going out with their families) ; and showed the greatest interest in our work. The Captain gladly took charge of a library, and I gave a number of books to the passengers and crew. Extracts from ©rabisenlr Hog, X882» Sunday, July 9th. — Large steamer from Hull. Light, but with a few lady passengers, to whom I gave Sunday reading, much to their delight. It was a fine sight to see all the crew on deck, each reading, where, before arrival, they were without anything to do while she waited for the tide. July 17th.— S.S. Verona, P. and O. Had been asked to meet the Vicar of St Paul's, Malta, who was on his way home sick. He wished the Mission to grant ;f 50 for curate's stipend there, to take special charge of Hospital for sailors of Merchant Service ; he would give an offertory, jf 25, for the Mission, and raise funds besides. Mr. Govett, son of the Archdeacon of Gibraltar, was to be the above curate. Met Mrs. Roberts, Mrs. Tuck, Mrs. Robinson, and Mrs. West, ladies, refugees from Suez, all anxious about Egypt. The Church at Suez was now closed, and residents had embarked. Went up vrith the ship to London to be useful as far as possible to those who had received me so kindly at Suez ; had a very cordial welcome from them. (Saw most of them again on their return.) July l8th.— S.S. Persian Monarch, for New York ; eighty-six all told, and about 280 emigrants. Two Turks were emigrating to America ; to them I gave each a New Testament in Arabic. The English and foreign emigrants expressed much gratitude to the Mission for the books. July 2lst.— S.S. Bedale, from Alexandria; nineteen all told. Had a service with the men in the forecastle, then distributed some tracts ; they were thankful for the service. This vessel left Alexandria for Malta with many European refugees on board, on Saturday, June 9th, two days before the massacre took place. July 22n&.—Brachenmore. Talk with two nice lads : " Sailors have APPENDIX. 137 plenty of time to think." "Yes, sir, when they have something to think with!" " Not all sailors in^your Church ? " '' Why, do you expect there will be a place where there will be only sailors in heaven ? " July 29th. — Waimate, for New Zealand ; emigrants. Mrs. Mallet and Miss McCuUoch, with letters commendatory, would do what they could to encourage services. I left a quantity of Hymn-books, sermons, and reading with them, also with two second-class passengers for crew, and a library. One of the crew, a lad of fifteen, said the books were very nice for those who could read, but they were no good to him. One of the passengers was induced to take him in hand, and with some large print books and a little instruction in the best way for teaching reading, there were hopes the lad would enjoy the books after all. He said he would try. Mercsa, a small man-of-war or training ship for the Roumanian Govern- ment. The engineers were English, and right glad of books, &c. Re- commended them to Mr. Scott, chaplain at Sulina, &c. Quite new ship of the ten-gun brig Symonite class. Possibly the first ship in the Roumanian Navy. Aug. 2nd. — S.S. Thames, P. and O. for Egypt and India. Gave a second library and a small gift of Sunday reading to the officers' and passengers' library. Quartermaster and chief steward much pleased with the supplies. Left a small lot with the stewardess for the ladies. Subsequently, when the passengers came on board, finding there were a number of Army Corps men, gave them a large supply of reading, for which the officer in com- mand thanked me. Aug. 3rd.— S.S. Calabria, with Sir G. Wolseley, and some of the Household Cavalry. Distributed quantities of reading for both soldiers and sailors. One of the Guardsmen, who was the son of a Welsh clergy- man, took charge of the reading for the soldiers. Left with one of the officers some good reading about Egypt, vrith which he was pleased and thanked me, as they had just been wondering what they should do for reading. Aug. 4th.— S.S. Caspian, Transport No. 12, belonging to the Allan Line of Liverpool ; bound up, and will come down, all well, with Cavalry on Sunday. I left books with the chief officer, and pointed out, by Canon Scarth's advice, some papers in the " Day of Rest," by Mr. Poole, on the " Cities of the Bible," all of them Egyptian. Gave also one or two copies of "The Pilot." Sunday, Aug. 6th.— No less than five transport vessels for Egypt went down to-day, the Egyptian Monarch amongst them. Aug. tjiCa..-— Verona, P. and O. troop ship for Egypt and India ; 140 all told, 20 passengers, and 450 soldiers, io6th (Durham) Regiment. I gave some selected books to the doctor, and was most kindly received by Colonel I3S INTO ALL THE WORLD. Girardst, who called the men, and went round with me to distribute New Testaments, and other good books. " The Soldier's Manual of Devotion " was specially in demand, and was very thankfully accepted by both officers and men, many specially asking for a copy. Some of the men spoke feelingly of the war to which they were going, and the comfort it was to know something of the Bible. A sergeant added that on the battle-field he loved to repeat texts, as they helped him on in his duty. After I had supplied the passengers with books and periodicals, the colonel went to the second troop ship, and I followed him to the— S.S. Rewa, with the rest of the regiment on board. Here again he sum- moned the men to fall in, and escorted me through the line with a kindly word of introduction. New texts and "Manuals" were distributed ; then I addressed a few words to the men as I did on the Verona. The colonel requested me to convey to the Mission the best thanks of himself and the regiment for the gift of books. Commenting upon the " Soldier's Manual," Colonel Girardst remarked, " This is just what the men want." I also addressed the crew, 120 all told, and gave them books. (The " Soldier's Manual" is published by S.P.C.K., and these copies formed part of the valuable gift from that venerable society. Long may it prosper. — J.S.) Aug. 17th. — H.M.S. the Royal Yacht Osborne, for Flushing; 140 all told. Took on board a large quantity of reading for the officers and crew ; the chief officer, in the absence of Captain Rose, expressed his thanks to the Mission. In the afternoon the Prince and Princess of Wales and family left in her, en route for Germany, embarking from the Custom House Pier. Swallow, American ship for Boston ; twenty all told. Had a service in the cabin, when the captain, his wife, and sister, the mates and some of the crew attended, and all appeared attentive and devout. At the end the captain and others remarked, " How beautifully grand and simple is the service of the Church of England." Before leaving gave some Prayer- books and periodicals. Aug. 1 8th. — Ramsay (an old steamer), barque up from Brisbane, with about ten passengers. Provisions had run short ; they had absolutely no books but an old periodical or two. The captain had held no service on Sundays ; the poor fellows, however, had sung hymns together to try to mark the day. One woman hailed from Sheffield, and knew the Rev. F. O Forrest, brother of our correspondent in Birmingham. " We are so glad" said they, " to see anyone belonging to the Church." Aug. 2 1 St. — Received a very interesting visit from Miss Weale, and Hirini Taiwhanga and Hakena Parore, two of the three New Zealand chiefs who came over to see the Queen about their grievances. They were not permitted to see the Queen, but had an interview with the Prince and Princess of Wales. The aged Wiremu Puki Te Hihi was unable to come APPENDIX. 139 to Gravesend, being ill with rheumatic gout. The others, with their man Tibbatts, an Englishman, and once a steward on the Orient, went off after lunch in the Mission launch, and afterwards visited the church in company with the Rev. A. Tien, and F. C. Naish. Here a few prayers were said for the spread of the Gospel and union of Christendom, and then the chiefs, with their kind friend Miss Weale, drove to the N. Kent Station. These men came over in a bold, but inconsiderate manner, having spent ;^40O on the journey, and landing with but eight shillings each in their pockets. Wiremu has been a cannibal in his day; but is now a patient, gentle. Christian man. Hirini speaks English capitally, and Hakena is a fine soldierly young man, and great nephew of Wiremu. Hirini and Hakena pass as "Mr. Sydney" and " Mr. Jackson." They seemed very intelligent, gentlemanly men, and took the liveliest interest in the work of the Mission. They will (D.V.) go out in the Orient boat which sails on Thursday, September 7th. Aug. 25th. — S.S. Southella, up from the Baltic. Very awkward deck, and strong list to port-side. English, Belgian, Swedish, and Italian nation- alities amongst the sailors. The men stated that they were never visited by clergy or other missionaries in the Baltic ports. [Would that we could give the help that is needed !] 1889. — This is now being arranged. Aug. 26th. — Orari, of Lyttleton, New Zealand Shipping Company. Saw the captain, and left a library and thirty Service-books in the charge of a "clergyman." The captain said that this gentleman would probably hold service for them. I found him an agreeable and gentlemanly man, and very anxious to do all the good he could, whilst not interfering with the captain. In answer to his, inquiries I outlined the kind of work I thought he might accomplish, if so minded, and suggested a Prayer-book service, with hymns, as the kind most likely to be successful. I also left a parcel of books for him to distribute. I did not learn my friend's name ; but he asked for a Report, which of course I gave him. Sept. 7th. — S.S.-Po/a, Austrian corvette, from the Arctic regions, seventy all told. The captain received me most kindly. Called the men to fall in on deck, and accompanied me whilst I gave them thirty New Testaments, in Italian, to be placed in their mess-rooms for the use of all. Then the captain begged for an English New Testament, which I gave. On leaving he begged me to convey to the Mission the hearty thanks of the officers and men for the valuable and useful presents. Sept. 8th. — S.S. Auslralfiax Australia, 850 passengers, 150 crew, and stewards — more than i,ooo souls all told. Miss Weale had written to us that the Rev. Cockayne Frith, late curate of St. John's, Red Lion Square, W.C., and her three New Zealand chiefs would sail by this vessel. She had also written to me asking me to find (at an hour or two's notice), in I40 INTO ALL TLLE WORLD. Gravesend, altar vessels and linen for Mr. Frith, who, being much hurried, had gone on board without them. I succeeded in finding a fairly suitable cup and paten in electro-plate, and meanwhile Mrs. Naish cut and hemmed a set of linen. A cloth of red material, and a white altar-cloth were afterwards obtained — all as Miss Weale's gift. The vessel was two days behind time, the tides having been too low to allow of her leaving the Albert Dock, though yesterday she got as far as the basin ; and it was therefore supposed that she would only remain a few minutes at Gravesend. We accordingly hurried off. Sydney a.nd Jackson had recognized the St. Andrew's launch, Messenger, at the pier, though the Austral was lying off the canal, and all were expecting us. I spent the whole afternoon on board. Visited the forecastle and the engineers. I left books also with the third-class passengers, and a quantity of Hymn-books and gift-books with the Rev. Cockayne Frith. Miss Weale and I found him several commu- nicants among the passengers (with the two New Zealand chiefs, who were communicants — a congregation of five or six at least), and he collected some children who promised to attend a Sunday School. I also spoke to the captain on his behalf, as he was diffident, and he promised to allow him opportunities for service ; though, in accordance with the regulations, the captain takes the mid-day service on Sunday himself. We left at about five o'clock. It was touching to see the noble old chief shed tears as he kissed the hand of his kind hostess. All were much affected. After steaming round the ship, we took Miss Weale to the London train at Tilbury, and the AttstralXeit about 5.45. The Roman Catholic Bishop of Auckland, with about a dozen clergy, went out in her. I telegraphed to the Rev. F. Barnes, of Holy Trinity, Plymouth, to call upon our friends there. We asked the prayers of the congregation at the Mission Church on Sunday for the Rev. C. Frith, the Maoris, and those on board. Sept. 9th. — Elizabeth Graham, to Bluff Harbour, New Zealand. Twenty- four all told. Spoke with the mate and steward. No service would be held. I spoke with two boys, to whom I gave Prayer-books. I took from her, in fair condition, box 17 R., and left 62 P. She had bad the old box about four years. Between the issuing of the two boxes we must have sent out about 1,080 libraries from Gravesend alone, containing about 34,460 books ! Cornish Miners.— TvLesday before Easter, April 14th. Roba-t Morrison, barque, to Freemantle, with about fifty passengers — mostly Cornish miners and their famihes from Camborne, a village twelve miles from Truro. I held a pleasant service with them, and, during my address, stated that I should be pleased to baptize any unchristened children. I saw them APPENDIX. 141 looking at each other, and they eventually brought me nine children. Whilst this was going on, two of the women came to me and begged for baptism. Under the circumstances I could not refuse, and baptized these two mothers also. Sending out Supplies. — Lochnagar, for Bluff Harbour, New Zealand. Chief officer undertook charge of books for the fishing colony on the Chatham Islands in the South Pacific. Tainui, for Port Chalmers. The captain, whom I had met in the train, kindly took charge of a case and parcel of books for the waterside parishes in Dunedin, for which the Rev. F. J. Sotham has asked aid. Supplied the ship with books, &c. Services regular. Mutual friends in China, Our American Cousins. — Sunday, Aug. 7th. Went to the United States war-frigate Nipsic, and held full morning service, which was thoroughly appreciated by officers and crew. A Contrast. — Sunday, Aug. 14th. Wetterhom, American ship. Look- ing out some books to take on board, when captain called to us and said he did not want anything from us, and wished we would visit him no more. Simla, splendid ship for Calcutta ; great difference to previous ship. Captain glad of anything we could give for use of the crew, and especially set of Service-books. The ^'Orient" Line. — Thursday, Aug. 1 8th. S.S. Chimborazo. Orient Line, for Australia, 124 aU told, has about 450 passengers. Distributed one sack of books and papers amongst steerage passengers and second-class. Held a service with the second-class passengers, also one in the forecastle, and distributed half a sack of books and periodicals amongst the crew. Captain Reven would gladly put a collecting box in the cabin. I gave him one. South American Man-o^ -War. — Almirante Brown, Argentine turret- ship, for South America. Gave some Bibles and portions in Spanish to the captain and officers, for which they were grateful. The Vice-Admiral wished to have a Bible in Spanish, but, as I had no more to give, promised him one next week. Gave him suitable books, and periodicals to the seven English Engineers, which were gratefully received. An Excellent Doctor. — Friday, Aug, 26th. May Queen — fine barque of Shaw, Savill& Co., to Auckland, with about 100 passengers onboard. The pilot introduced me to the mate, who gave me leave to do anything I could aboard, and accepted a library very gratefully. He was, however, very busy. I went below and had a capital little service with the passengers. In the middle the doctor came to help me. He was a fine man, and such a kind-hearted, good fellow. He had been churchwarden and organist at the church of Baildon, near Leeds. One of the sidesmen was also going 142 INTO ALL THE WORLD. out in the May Queen. He hoped the captain would entrust him with the service on board, and I left about fifty Hymn-books and twenty-five Prayer- books with him. I had previously given the library into the steward's charge, and called in the forecastle with a parcel for the men. All on board very grateful. Several of the groups of passengers interested me. Somebody's Darlings. — Friday, June 17th. Enmore, barque, to Trinidad. Changed library and did what I could, leaving Hymn-books, &c., for ser- vice. Had a talk with two dear young boys — one from St. Mark's Choir, Tottenham, who came to me as affectionately as though I had been an old friend. I gave them each a handsome copy of " Hymns Ancient and Modern," with the " Hymn for those at Sea " marked. An Ancient Library. — Saturday, July i6th. Zuleika, barque, from Dunkirk, sixteen all told, box returned after being five years on board. Gave books and papers. Interesting Visit. — July 18th. Phone, of Southampton, about thirty emigrants for Wellington, New Zealand. Gave library box and fiill supply of books for service, hymns with music, sermons for the voyage, and dis- tributed books in forecastle, and in different houses. Some interesting incidents. One passenger, looking out of his berth, said, "Is that St. Andrew's?" I said, " All right ! " " I thought we should see you. Four years ago, when I went out, you gave me a Hymn-book, and I gave it to a poor settler, who could not afford to buy one, and I dare say he has got it yet ; he was so glad of it." All seemed ready to work heartily with the captain, who is a "good Christian," and has services regularly. The steward said that all the clergy who came off at Wellington always asked for our books. The "Anchor" ZzK^.— Saturday, July 2Sth. Anchor Line Steamship with passengers and emigrants. Distributed books, magazines, &c. Left supply for sailors, and, at the request of one of the stewards, gave a lai^e quantity of Hymn-books, for service is held on Sundays and on Wednesday nights. 26th. A Cornish three masted schooner to — I promised her a box in the morning. The captain took leave with much feeling. " It is a very unhealthy climate," he said, "I buried two out of my crew last time I was there ; I would not go again, but that we shall reach the coast at the healthiest season." I promised a box in the morning, as she will remain over Wednesday. 28th. — Ann Duthie, with passengers to Sydney. A clergyman on board returning to his parish near Sydney, was willing to undertake work APPENDIX. 143 amongst the men, and, as all were very busy, I was most thankful to know they would be so well cared for. Both he and his wife seemed good, earnest people. He had held service regularly on the homeward voyage, but anticipated difficulty here as there were many Dissenters. However, just as I was going the boatswain or carpenter came to me quite affectionately to ask for books and a Bible ; told me that he was one of a little band on the vessel who "thought differently, from the rest" — about religion I presume — and I was then able to introduce him to the clergyman as a basis for further labours. With the two I emptied my stock of books entirely. 29th. — ^Accompanied Mr. Johnson to the Cardigan Castle, and held a service straightway with the single women, which was attended by all, except a few Roman Catholics, who remained quietly on deck. I next went to the married people and baptized five children which Mr. Johnson had kindly found ; the people were very much pleased and very grateful. A handsome Church Service or Prayer-book was afterwards sent off for each child. Some large texts from church decorations were given to the young women ; also some readable books for Sundays and other times, and a Hymn-book to nearly each one. The married people were helped to some clothes ; a grand old coachman's coat to an Irishman whom it fitted well ; Children's stays to the little families ; another coat ; some hats ; and to one poor woman, Mrs. who told us bravely and yet respectfully that she thought she must be the poorest of all, because they had come away in such a hurry — we sent enough of Miss Ravenshaw's serge to make a dress for herself and one or two of the children. Cardigan Castle, Emigrant vessel. Mr. Naish held service for single women ; had some talk and gave a couple of short addresses to the single men ; was well received by them although most of them were Roman Catholics ; the latter were as eager to obtain books as the rest. I gave them such as might profit them without entering into controversy. 22nd. April. — Atlantic King, for Algoa Bay, with sleepers and railway iron ; would be away two years ; were pleased to get a box ; the men very hearty and grateful ; evidently well disposed ; more so even than the chief officer ; however, he would let the men have free access to the books, A young man from Gravesend came up to me to tell that he had left his friends clandestinely, but would write and tell them all about it. 25th. — Fishing boats from North Sea. Very busy discharging and killing codfish ; the decks full of them ; one was quietly put into my boat ; left a few books, &c., and some Swedish and Danish tracts that were asked for. (We try to catch all the fishing smacks.) Tartar, for China, Japan, &c. — Men very pleased at the visit ; one saluted me by name, and they all appeared to count upon our visit as one 144 I^TO ALL THE WORLD. of the things to brighten the voyage. The ship had a box from the Docks. Last voyage the men did not get the use of it. The doctor and steward very enthusiastic about the books ; the former had a copy of Hymns Ancient and Modern, he had got from the Mission in some other ship. Sunday, 30th. — S.S. Minia, Telegraphic steamer. Went among her crew, picked men ; all very grateful and pleased. By arrangement with the officers service was to be at half-past 9, but there was some little delay; however, in a short time, all was ready in the saloon. The Mission flag had been hoisted under the ensign for Church, and a fair congregation assembled ; the men very attentive. Mr. Hoysted went off with me and led the singing. Spoke to them about sin breaking the connection with God ; and that we must keep up our communication with Him and have no breaks. The ship was going out to keep telegraph cables in order, and would likely be away two years. It was interesting to notice that all the Service-books put out for the crew had the Mission mark upon them — gifts upon a former voyage. Gravesend, 1887.— May 6th.—" Y ," SS., for Hobart and Freemantle, 59 hands, and 369 emigrants. After having addressed some of the crew in the forecastle, and supplied them with a quantity of reading, I went amongst the emigrants, conversed with them in groups, and found amongst the children, four unbaptized ; I quickly made arrangements, and baptized the four little ones. Three of them were children of Presbyterian parents, the parents of the fourth belonged to our own Church. Afterwards I went amongst the single men, single women, and married people. Dis- tributed a quantity of Bibles, Prayer, Hymn, and other books and periodicals. Spent the greater part of the afternoon amongst the poor emigrants. May 6th.— "C ," SS., for Quebec, 65 hands, and 190 "emigrants. Here, again, I said a few words to the crew in the forecastle, and supplied them with reading. Then went amongst the emigrants, distributing all sorts of good reading, and conversing with several groups. I found here, as I did also on the emigrant ship, "K ," previously visited, some right-minded young men, who promised to form and conduct Bible Classes on board. Tilbury Docks, 1887.— 6th July.— SS. Oroya, for which we provided a library, and a large parcel of periodicals. Had some talk with the chief steward. He told me that last voyage they had forgotten to take any Hymn- books, but managed in the services by copying out the hymns by hand. When they reached Australia they purchased Hymns A. and M. for the APPENDIX. 145 return voyage. They always use this book. On Sunday a young steward, named D , had attended evensong, and remained afterwards to speak to me. I had then promised him a parcel of books all to himself, which I now left with the chief steward for him. D. came from a church at Birken- head, and on the first occasion of the Oroya being at Tilbury, had abandoned all hope of finding a church there, and wandering to Grays, had alighted on Mr. Haslock's mission room there. He seemed much pleased both with it and with our little church. I visited this vessel again to see the late Lady Strangford's maid, M., going out in charge of material and stores for the Port Said Hospital. She seemed much fatigued with packing more than thirty large cases of Lady Strangford's goods for the Bulgarian charities, in which she took such deep interest. She told me that if she mentioned a case of trouble or distress to Lady S., she was sure to say, " Very well! see what you can do for them." 9th July. — S.S. Port Pirie, which we supplied with a library from the dep6t, a large package of books, and about fifty Hymns A. and M., which the steward hoped would be useful. About forty emigrants came on board late in the evening (Saturday), and the vessel left early on Sunday morning. 28th September. — S.S. Ormuz. Saw the chief steward, who received me very kindly, and expressed his appreciation of the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission Libraries. I brought away one of the two he had on board, but the other being under the Custom's seal he could not return. I gave him a new one ; he especially expressed his appreciation of the books published by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Tilbury Docks, 1887. — 31st March. — S.S. Liguria, vrith a large number of emigrants. A most interesting visit. I knew the steward very well, and had met him at church the Sunday before. He asked that the prayers of the Church might be given for the safety of the ship. Saw the chief officer, who very gladly accepted a library (one of the best I have ever seen). I then returned to our ofiice, and brought a great many books and papers which I gave to the passengers. There were a number of children on board, but all were baptized, as far as I could ascertain. An Interesting Testimony, 1881. — I had occasion to attend a Confirmation in Holy Trinity Church, Dalston Junction, on Dec. 5th. The Incumbent of the Church, the Rev. R. S. Hassard, had been out in New Zealand in charge of a Waterside parish. He spoke in the most encouraging terms of the effect of our work amongst Emigrants. He said he had often used books in their homes, and even had them handed over to him, which he had given away at Gravesend ; and that emigrants, even those who in England had been Dissenters, continually sought the ministrations of the Church in the Colonies, distinctly in 10 146 INTO ALL THE WORLD. consequence of the attention shown them, and the advice given them at Gravesend. This was encouraging. Saturday, December 8th, 1883. — A large ship, with 300 adult emigrants, and a large number of children for Auckland. Was advertised to sail on 30th ult., but emigrants were kept a week at the Home before getting on board, and on arrival at Gravesend, was detained by Board of Trade, for being too deep in water. Cargo had to be unloaded, which necessitated both decks being taken up in midst of emigrants' quarters. Weather bitterly cold. Found everything in greatest confusion, and poor people, especially children, suffering much from the weather, and no fires could be lighted, and berths were exposed to air. Captain very cordial. Made effort to hold service between decks, but many were ashore, and rattling of chains caused much disturbance. Many could not leave their fretting children, and some were really ill. However, got about 40 or 50 together, and had something approaching a Service. Following day (Sunday), went off again to hold service. At first, it seemed hopeless, as saloon was full of people dining, and confiision was as great as ever. On application to captain, however, we obtained use of second cabin, whereupon we went amongst the people and gathered together fully 300 people, and had a grand Service by candle-light (it being very dark) which was much appreciated by the poor people. Many spoke most gratefully, and asked us to write our names in their birthday books, and as a memento to them of the occasion. The Vicar afterwards spoke to a poor consumptive patient, who was confined to his berth in the same saloon, and the poor fellow said how he had enjoyed listening to the Service and sermon, and that he had joined in all the responses. On the following day (Monday), we visited the vessel twice, and spent much time amongst the emigrants, who were so pleased to see themselves cared for by the Church. During the night, the vessel left for her destined port. These are only a few extracts from the Log ; they are culled from the Annual Reports that have been printed, and now form two bulky volumes, containing records of much interesting work. When the work becomes better known it might be very greatly extended if the clergy would let their people know how easy it is to help on real Church Mission work. There are many ways ; it only needs the will, and the reflex good is most helpful to any parish. People cannot be interested in the great work of the Church unless they hear of it. APPENDIX B. Siuzt CTanaL Copy of Extracts from the Log of Rev. J. S. On the way out to Egypt held service daily, and twice on Sunday, weather permitting. 1881. December nth. — Held service at the English Church at Suez ; good attendance ; remarkably bright service ; ten communicants on short notice. There had been no celebration for a year ; the prayers, however, were read on Sundays by a layman. Afternoon service still larger con- gregation i one child baptized. After service received a visit from a lady passenger going out to India ; she was in great trouble, and had to return to England. I went off to her steamer for her baggage, and eventually accompanied her, with her invalid daughter, en route to Cairo. As she was wife of a neighbouring rector in England, she looked upon my being at Suez as quite providential, and I was glad that I was able to help her in her distress, for there was no resident chaplain. December 12th. — Went to the ships in the roads; about twenty steamers, all in quarantine but one, which I visited. One of the owners gave £^ to the Mission for this branch. An offering of ;^i was sent to me, which I handed over to the Church Committee of Suez. December 13th.— At Zag-a-zig, a junction station on the way to Cairo, found a small colony of English, who invited me to visit them when I could. There were some children to be baptized. Went on to Cairo. December 14th.— Having obtained the sanction and good'wishes of Sir E. Malet, the Consul General, left for Port Said, and arrived on the 15th. Hired rooms for Church, sailors' reading room, &c. December i8th.— Held the first service in the temporary English Church ; APPENDIX. 149 twenty-one present, including the Captain of the Port, some residents, a few voyagers and pilgrims on their way from America to Jerusalem. Visited six steamers and held service again in the evening. In one steamer met Sir Harry S. Parkes, K.C.B., H.B.M. Plenipotentiary for Japan. A cordial meeting ; he was greatly interested in the work under- taken here ; gave ;^S towards it. We were old friends in China. December 19th. — Visited S.^i.John Elder with passengers from Australia. Supplied two clergymen with sundries for distribution on board. They had held service twice on Sundays, and I pbserved that the Hymn- books had been supplied by the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission. Christmas Day. — At the first celebration of Holy Communion in Port Said only two residents were present : one a converted Brahmin, the other a converted Jew. At the second celebration there was not one of the con- gregation stayed except a Syrian Christian, who did not know English. I asked him to come next Sunday. Three English ladies from the Holy Land were at the Hotel, but they preferred to travel on Sunday — Christmas Day — to worshipping. We must hope for better things. In the afternoon called at some ships. The Sussex, a fine steamer, had the St. Andrew's Waterside Mission Church signal* flying at the main, so I went on board and held services with officers and crew ; two "other captains, besides the captain and his wife were present. A bright, hearty service, greatly helped by the music and the singing lead by the captain's wife. He would hold service for the future every Sunday. It was only last Sunday the captain had held his first service. He had never been at home on Christmas Day since he had been at sea ! In the afternoon went to visit the parents of a little boy five yeaars of age who had died at noon. I had seen him quite well two days before when I called. Monday morning. — -Funeral at eight o'clock ; many present ; a most sad and touching sight ; we all walked to the dismal cemetery. This boy was the fifth child the parents had lost in Egypt. In one case the father had to cany his dead child to the grave, alone, and bury it. Such is life in this part of the world, so desperately neglected by the Church. Busy lately about procuring land for a Church, Hospital, and Sailors' Home ; obtaining approval of residents to my official letters, &c. ; much helped by British Consul and Vice-Consul. Some very satisfactory visits on board ship, two or three captains under- taking to begin the new year with Sunday service, which they would try to keep up regularly. 1882. January ist. — After services visited ships from two till four o'clock; only on two had good work. A sick man out of the Assam was sent to the hotel. • Letter M, International Code, under the Ensign. 150 INTO ALL THE WORLD. January 2nd. — Met two destitute sailors left behind by the Cape Clear; gave them breakfast and brought them into the reading-room. Called at the hotel to see the sick sailor, ex- Assam. He was better ; had been ten years in P. and O. service, zealous in their cause. Thursday, 12th. — ^After reading some of the prophecies concerning Jews went out to see if a beginning might be made here. Met the Chaplain of H.M.S. Crocodile, who, finding I was interested in sailors, asked me if I had ever met Mr. Scarth of the Waterside Mission. Finding I was the very man, he greeted me like a friend, and we walked together about the town. Met Mr. Weinstein ; went together to the Jewish Synagogue. Saw the teacher ; he wished, he said, to come to me. I left with him a Hebrew Testament ; talked about a night-school, and how to get Jewish converts. The way is open here ; must write about it ; wrote accordingly. Boarded the P. and O. Poonah, and the Orient line Potosi. The latter had two of St. Andrew's libraries ; the former, one. The Potosi had 600 passengers ; nearly all came on shore. A few led by a minister from Dover came to church. I found them seated there, and offered a service. We sang, and after prayers at their request I gave an address, for which they thanked me. Met some others going off into mischief. Stopped them ; nearly all turned, shook hands, and went towards the ship. At diimer heard of the imeute at Cairo. Serious ; this country is about to be the centre of great things. Wednesday, 1 8th. — Bought clothes for a sailor to get a ship ; had been rejected because he had none. Visited Cuzco; miserable visit because o£ the ' ' free-and-easy-church ' ' passengers Scoffers made by ignorant preachers. Man on board offered me ;^l if I could find a text to show that baptism was necessary. Quoted "Except a man," &c. He at once began to speak of the original "Hebrew^ and tried to identify as one the water and the Holy Ghost, and then railed about the baptism of babies because the word used was man. I rejoined by explaining that the word in the Greek was ng, " Anyone." Much time wasted with this miserable controversialist, who was poisoning the sheep he should have led. Friday, 20th.— Visited Italia, Anchor Line Steamer, and a steam collier. The fireman of the Italia particularly civil and grateful ; was very well received by the officers and crew generally. Some of the disgraceful hucksters were on board. This traffic must be stopped. Tried to counter- act it with good books. Busy with plans of the new church. Tuesday, 24th. — Visited the Clan Munro, the Ceylon (second visit), and the Hart; also the Messageries steamer Saigon. In the latter the officers were at first inclined to speak lightly, but eventually the captain undertook to take a few French Testaments to Saigon and distribute them. The Ceylon would also take a supply of books for the lighthouses on the Ceylon coast. Some of the crew were Spanish; gave them Spanish and Portuguese APPENDIX. 151 books. Had an interesting interview with one of the officers (himself not a churchman) with regard to the splendid work being done in Ceylon by our friend the Rev. J. S L , who was originally ordained to work with me at Gravesend. The captain of the Mayo with his wife visited me. I gave him letters of introduction to Mr. Winter, harbour-chaplain, Bombay. (A sick sailor with a broken thigh was landed from this ship ; was able to look after him in Hospital. A nice, intelligent, bright fellow; had made many voyages with this captain, and spoke most highly of both him and his wife.) Sunday, 29th. — Again on board the , after services on shore. The captain, a very diifident man, could not hold service, but he at last agreed to let anyone hold service in the cabin on Sundays, and he would keep watch ! The crew in the forecastle far more willing, and they would gladly have service ; the boatswain also said it was slavery, from signing on till signing off articles, when there was no Sunday free. Visited the Ebre, Messageries Line, yumna arrived, also Cotopaxi ; could not visit either ship on account of quarantine. Saturday, Feb. nth. — Visited the /Vzam. Went over the Hospital at Suez ; excellent for 250 men, officers, &c. Wrote to about it, asking if it might be transferred in whole or part to Port Said. It is portable, and not used. (Only one case in it while I was in Egypt, and when the war with Arabi came on, this Hospital was forgotten !) Sunday, igth. — Between the services visited the ships, among others the Lizzie and Colina, from which part of crews (thirteen) came to church, and after taking a walk with me returned on board. Saturday, 25th. — Visited the Eldorado ; met Mrs. D • and her husband, also Mrs. B . Gave supplies to a clergyman on board, also to Mrs. B . Visited the Endymion ; long talk with captain and his wife. Left books ; invited to church. Quarantine taken off. Sunday, 26th. — A Sister and three other strangers at the early celebra- tion ; thtaked me for the service. Went to the ships in the afternoon ; saw passengers, &c. Rather remarkable visit. On first, the chief officer greatly interested and earnest ; the visit did good. On board second an almost blasphemous officer. Third, a capital captain and a splendid crew, that sailed with him four or five voyages to China. All so nice ; so pleased to have Hymn-books. One old man had sailed with the captain ever since the ship was built. Next vessel bad crew ; earnest captain, but he never had services. Hope to remedy this in time. Tuesday, 28th. — P. and O. Australia sailed before breakfast. Dorunda S.S. with emigrants ; supplied matron with Hymn-books and music ; just what she wanted. Books for Sunday classes ; a small circulating library ; very pleased with out help. Hailed by name by an officer and a passenger. IS2 INTO ALL TEE WORLD. Found a family from Bedworth on board ; wrote to Mr. Evans, their vicar, about them. Prayer-books much wanted. Left sermons and reading, went back for a fresh supply ; a really satisfactory visit. Although I had no service I was able to encourage many, and may God's blessing be on the work I was permitted to do. Bought twelve Testaments for young people. The Bedworth family, and others too on this ship, evidently felt the com- fort of Church membership, and that it was helping their life. All very contented ; spent, or rather got a passenger to spend two shillings for me, for a poor sick woman with a delicate child. Could not find any uubaptized children, Monday, March 6th. — Had very interesting visits to-day on several ships. To-day had the St. Andrew's flag in the boat. The sailors recognized it as the Mission fl^. Visited the Egyptian Hospital ; have been going there frequently. A sick negro from the Undaunted* is there, a dear, nice fellow ; had been coachmen to some of the leading men in New York, Tuesday, 14th. — Negro at Hospital very ill ; went three times to see him to-day. Wednesday, I5tli. — Negro died shortly after I had visited him to-day. Thursday, l6th. — Funeral of the negro sailor ; one of the saddest I ever saw. Only the Arab bearers, who quarrelled over the coffin, were going with me, but I persuaded and asked for leave for some convalescents to go with me. Happily we got the coffin safely to the cemetery without its falling in pieces, as only a rough box is supplied from this miserable Hospital, the only place at present for the English sailors. Not a single patient spoke well of it, and I do not like to say all that I could for it, there was so much might be said the other way. March 22nd. — Visited Coptic, grand steamer for the Pacific Line — a little town afloat ; also the Mantara. March 26th. — Large congregation at church ; a good number at Holy Communion. , There are always some British sailors in Hospital, The Hospital belongs to the Egyptian Government. Some Sisters of Charity and lay sisters from an adjoining convent tend to the sick, but the food, general arrangements, and fiirniture are much complained of, both as regards quality and quantity. This is not the place to enter into particulars as to treatment, but the English residents and others at port Said strongly urge the establishment of a British Hospital. No doubt it is needed, and would be of great advantage to those who have the strongest claims upon English sympathy, our sick and suffering countrymen, friendless and far from home. The Mission has been able to supply the Hospital, as well as many of the ships, * A Gravesend tug. APPENDIX. 153 with reading and books for devotion. The perfect uncertainty as regards the arrival of ships from sea or from the canal vifould necessitate the constant attendance of the Chaplain at the waterside with a boat always at his com- mand, and a supply of books ready at hand, if every ship were to be visited. Upon an average about ten a day could be visited if there were no quaran- . tine, including the coal steamers and those local traders which do not proceed through the Canal. The visits for the most part are satisfactory where there is an English crew, and most particularly valuable when there are English emigrants. In every case there is good work to be done, and generally with a hearty welcome, especially when the ships that have been visited, return again to Port Said. The Log for each succeeding year will probably be of increasing interest, and it is much to be desired that a permanent chaplain be appointed. (Before the year closed this was done.) The valuable aid rendered to the Mission by Mr. A. Weinstein,* Agent at Port Said for the British and Foreign Bible Seciety, should be recorded. His knowledge of Arabic, Russian, Turkish, and other languages was fre- quently of much service. There was also much to be thankful for in finding a supply of Bibles, Testaments, and Gospels ready at hand, from which, when need be, purchases were made from time to time when our own supplies were short. Before leaving Port Said I visited Zoan (Rameses), and followed up the route of the Exodus ; very interesting, and the study occupied me for some weeks after my return home. (See Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement of October, 1882. ) March 30th. — Sailed from Port Said in P. and O. Steamer Rosetta ; a free passage was most kindly granted. Sunday, April 2nd. — At Malta with the Rev E. A. Hardy, of St. Paul's Church. Visited Merchant Seamen's Hospital, newly fitted up ; was asked for books for it (which were sent). At sea in the evening. Held service and preached in the saloon ; large congregation, April 6th. — ^At Gibraltar. Called on Archdeacon Govett, who wished us to aid him in procuring an assistant curate for the sailors. Ninety thousand . visited Gibraltar last year. By this the revenue is increased, but Govern ment will not make any grant for their spiritual help ! Easter Day, gth. — Bay of Biscay ; celebrated Holy Communion. Held service morning and evening, with good congregations. April nth. — Safe home. Thanks be to God. The War came on and a Chaplain was sent out for Port Said ; free * i88g. Mr. Weinstein has since been ordained by the Bishop of London, after passing as a Theological Associate of King's College, London. IS4 INTO ALL THE WORLD. passage given by Government, in a transport. Here are some extracts from the Rev. F. W. A. Strange's Log at Port Said, to show the kind of work. October 24th, 1882. — Hypatia, S.S., from Kurachee to Antwerp. Got into conversation with the captain, and found that he was born in Gravesend, not far from St. Andrew's Waterside Church, and knew the work of the Mission well. He said it was through an introduction to Canon Scarth that he first went to sea, as a boy, and now he had obtained the position of captain to a fine steamer. The vessel was coaling, so I was not able to do much on board. One man came up and asked me for a Testament which I gladly gave him. Two other men also came up for them. I left a good batch of reading on board. The captain said he had the Bible and Prayer-book still that Canon Scarth gave him, and he used them. He never went on shore at Port Said " because it was such a place." February i8th, 1883. — Duke of Devonshire, S.S. This vessel had about 560 emigrants on board. So taking a good supply of Prayer-books and Hymn-books I went on board and arranged for service with the doctor, who was exceedingly kind and agreeable. A great many came to the ser- vice, which was very hearty. Gave the doctor a large Bible, as the one he used at the services he held was rather small print. March 5th. — Visited ten ships to-day — the India, Bracadaile, Osiris, Foscolia, Lizzie English, Mossbrow, Newminster, St. Dohats, Athabasca, and the Lena. On board the Bracadaile I went forward and spoke to the men I found in the forecastle, and left them a good supply of reading. Osiris. Many came to me on this ship for reading — officers, quarter- masters, and seamen — and all went away apparently satisfied. Foscolia. All busy on board, but I found one man forward in the forecastle who was glad to take charge of some reading " for his mates." As there were no men in the firemen's side, I went down into the engine- room and spoke to those I found there, and gave them some reading. Lizzie English — one of the familiar colliers. All very busy. Man at the winch took charge of reading. Mossbrow, collier. Almost blinded by the coal dust, but received a very hearty welcome from the men who were forward, having their dinner. Spoke to them as they were eating and left them a supply of reading. The other three vessels were also colliers, and by the time I had finished I was very black. Much conversation with captains and officers of different ships about Sunday work in port, when the vessels bring coal cargoes. They all generally lay the blame upon the owners, but one captain to-day declared that he could not believe this, and that he would never do it. (I find, after APPENDIX. ISS three months' experience, that his opinion and practice were only, unhappily, quite contrary to what others think and do.) December 24. — Busy putting church in order for Christmas Day. Visited coal ships and returned as black as an Arab. Sad complaints on some ships where the crew have to fire the boilers between two fires in the Red Sea. The men spoke of the Red Sea as the sailor's grave. A Swedish sailor was buried to-day from the Hospital. The same Chaplain is still there, and sends his report every year. Here is the Church, one material sign of his zealous labours in, perhaps, one of the most trying fields in the world. He has won many friends, and now we want to build a parsonage for him. Who will help ? Any contributions for work connected with this Mission will be gladly received by W. Evan Franks, Esq., at the St. Andreufs Waterside Church Mission Defidt, 65, Fenchurch Street, London, E.C. Cheques should be crossed London and County Bank. That bank will also receive donations or subscriptions, either at the head office, Lombard Street, London, or at any of the branches. Books should be sent to the DepSt, or to any of the ports that are helped. CONSECRATED MAY I2TH, ll IS6 INTO ALL THE WORLD. %zi\zt from tfje ^rc|)6tsi)op of Canterljurs, Lambeth Palace, S.E., June 19, i88g. Dear Canon Scarth, I am not fortunate enough to be able to attend the Annual Meeting of the St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission on Friday next, but I desire to take this opportunity of expressing my hearty sympathy with the objects which that Mission sets before itself, and my most sincere good wishes for its prosperity and ever- increasing usefulness. I am glad to hear of the Consecration of the new church at Port Said, and to observe in this, and other tokens, the quiet and encouraging advance which the Society is making. The responsibilities which our ocean empire imposes- on us are great indeed, and your Mission deserves the heartiest support of the Church in its effort, in some measure, to fulfil them. Believe me, yours sincerely, Ed. CANTUAR. The Bishop of Lichfield writes : " Pray be assured of my continued and increasing interest in the work of the Mission. I am deeply thankful to hear of the blessing which attends its operation." — July, 1889. APPENDIX. IS7 Spmti of tfje Bisfjop of ILonUon AT THE MANSION HOUSE, ON 21ST JUNE, 1889. . . . I have long watched the working of this Mission with very ■great interest. There are, no doubt, other Societies which do a ■great deal of very similar work. I do not know, if you look back to the time when I was a boy, when a great deal of this work began, whether you could say it would have been possible to work on the lines of this Mission so effectually then. At that time you could not always count on the willingness of clergy in Waterside parishes to take charge of work of this kind. They were led to think that the water was not under their supervision. Those who did good work on land were not willing to undertake anything that was in their immediate vicinity, on the water. In this respect the Church has awoke from a good deal of what may be called slumbering. The clergy are more alive than ever before to their duties and the responsibilities that come upon them from the circumstances of their particular parishes. Go where you will, you will have no very great difficulty in convincing any clergyman who has a Waterside parish that it is his duty to look to those who are on the water in the immediate neighbourhood. The difficulty would be to find a clergyman who was not satisfied of it. The clergy are taking it up more and more heartily year after year, because the demand upon them, in a great measure, is increasing. It is often very difficult indeed for many of the clergy who are in the position of having two very different parishes, so to speak, a land parish and a waterside or floating parish, it is difficult for them to do the work, or even to superintend it when it is done by others. Where it can be done, there is no question that it is better done by the clergy who are responsible, who are appointed for the purpose, who receive a commission to do all that is needed within their power. You will get the work better done by them than by any other agency. Of that I am absolutely satisfied. The best thing you can do for all the floating population, by far the best thing you can do, is to supply these clergy with the means of completing their work by having special agencies for dealing with 158 INTO ALL THE WORLD. those particular classes of their population. This is precisely what this Mission professes to do. It does not propose to interfere with the work,' or to be responsible for it. It proposes to give the Incumbents of Waterside parishes the means of obtaining the necessary assistance to do the work themselves. I do not think there can be any question whatever that this is by far the best way of doing the work, and particularly so to all those who believe, as Churchmen generally profess to believe, that the Church is the appointed agency for teaching the world, and preaching the Gospel, and for calling on all men to live a more and more Christian life. Those who believe that the Church is appointed for this purpose, and that it was intended by God to be so em- ployed, if they want to benefit the waterside people, cannot do better than support a Society like this. I do not undervalue the work of other agencies and societies ; I believe they are doing a great service. Just as I honestly acknowledge the great service which is done by Nonconformists, who, if they cannot work in the Church, are doing a great and valuable work. I wish I could open their eyes to see' how they could do the work better than they are doing it ; but I shall fail in gratitude to them unless I acknowledge the work they are doing. They are conscientious, and they are devoted to our Lord ; and though I hold them to be very much mistaken, I still recog- nize the devotion and self-surrender which marks a great deal of their labour, and I am thankful to see it going on. I must always hold we ought to do the work in the best way we can; and I have no hesitation in saying that as I hold the Church to be the best agency for preaching the Gospel, and helping men to lead Christian lives, so do I hold that a Society of this kind, which endeavours to aid the Church in doing this particular work, to be the very best agency for Church work that it is possible to have. I very cordially ask your approval of the resolution I have read to you.* * " That this Meeting is thankful to hear of the continued and increasing help that the St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission has been enabled to render to the clergy in furthering Church work among Seafaring people and Emigrants on so wide a range." " ADVERTISEMENTS. HOME MISSIONS OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND ADDITIONAL CURATES' SOCIETY, ARUNDEL HOUSE, VICTORIA EMBANKMENT, W.C. {Opposite the Temple Railway Station, London). The Society aims at bringing the good tidings of ttie Gospei to ttie ears and hearts of the ignorant and Indifferent in our own iand, PRESENT WORK. THE SOCIETY is now making 980 Grants for the support of Additional Clergy in crowded centres of population, as well as in parishes of exceptionally large area, and containing hamlets at wide distances apart. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT IS MOST URGENTLY NEEDED. In consequence of the very large augmentation in the Society's Grant List (300 New Grants having been voted in the five years 1884-1888), the Society's Balance-Sheet at the close of last year showed, notwithstanding the increased income which the Committee have most gratefully to acknowledge, a diminution of ;^3,ooo. The applications, however, which came before the Committee this year, from Parishes where the staff of Clergy is utterly inadequate, were so numerous and so pressing, that they have felt compelled to assist the more urgent among them, and to add 70 New Grants to the number previously made, in the firm trust that their income will continue to increase, and to supply them with the means necessary to maintain a Grant List thus largely extended. A. most earnest appeal is made to every Churchman to support this Society in its vigorous action. The employment of additional Missionary Clergy implies increased ministration to the wants, physical as well as spiritual, of the poor. Church Collections, Annual Subscriptions, and Donations will be thank- fully received. Cheques and P.O.O.'s should be crossed " Messrs. Coutts. JOHN GEORGE DEED, M.A., Secretary, ARUNDEL HOUSE, VICTORIA EMBANKMENT, W.C. ADVERTISEMENTS. THE ARMY SCRIPTDRE READERS AND SOLDIERS' FRIEND SOCIETY, 4, TRAFALGAR SQUARE, CHARING CROSS, W.C. President— General Sir A. J. LAWRENCE, K.C.B, SOLE OBJECT OF THE SOCIETY. To spread the saving knowledge of Christ among our Soidlers. The Committee make an EARNEST APPEAL FOR FUNDS to all who have the religious and moral elevation of our Army at heart, and who would wish to see the hands of the Military Chaplains strengthened by the assistance of a body of jnen of the Soldiers' own station in life, who, without the restraint unavoidable in tiie intercourse of different classes of Society, may commend to them the love of Christ, read to them the Word of Life, and 'strive to lead them from the deceitful pleasures of sin to that peace which the world can neither give nor take away. There arenow So Scripture Readers on the lists of the Society at home and abroad. Contributions in aid of the Society will be thankfully received by the Treasurer, G. M. Holt, Esq., 17, Whitehall Place; and at the National Provincial Bank of England, Piccadilly, W. ; and by the Secretary, Rev. William A. Blake, at die Offices, 4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross, W.C. LONDON FEVER HOSPITAL, For the treatment of Scarlet PeYer, Typhus, Typhoid, Diphtheria, Measles, and all other Infections Fevers. Patron— H.R.H. The PRINCE OF WALES. President— The EARL OF DEVON. Treasurer— Sip R. N. FOWLER, Bart., M.P. Hon. Secretary- C. J. STEWART, Esq. Secretary- Major W. CHRISTIE, at the Hospital. The London Fever Hospital is the only Hospital in Zondon for the special treatment and preTention of Infectious Fevers, in the case of persons who are not paupers. It has no endowment. Special FrivilEges to Governors.— Aa Annual Subscriber of One Guinea, after the second payment, or a Donor of *10 lOs. in one sum, becomes a Governor. The domestic servants of Governors and employes of subscribing firms, clubs and botels are treated free. The Hospitia affords absolute safety from the spread of disease by Infected patients by admitting them into its wards and there isolating them. The admission fee is Three Guineas, -which pays for as long a period of treatment and nursing as may he necessary, generally six weeks TliiB fee covers only about a fourth of the cost— the remainder is bome by the funds of the Charitj-, 73,000 patients have been treated in the Hospital since its foundation in 1802 ^ „^j ''* "''^ '"'"'' urgently needed, not only to carry on this usofol work, but to enable the Committee ^"^ .. "■ accommodation, suitable to the requirements— medical and otherwise— of the present day W ^11-appomtod private rooms may be had at a charge of three guineas a week. * Fof admission apply to the Resident Medical Officer ; for particulars apply to the Secretary^ Major W. CHRISTIE, London Fever Hospital, Liverpool Road, N. ADVERTISEMENTS. CITY OF LONDON TRUSS SOCIETY, FINSBURY SQUARE. For the Relief of the Ruptured Poor throughout the Kingdom. Established. 1807. Patron -H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G. President— Rt. Hon. LORD EBURY, P.O. The importance of this Charity to the suffering poor of both sexes and all ages may be gathered from the fact that 447,337 have been already relieved. The proportion of aggravated cases to simple cases is larger than it was formerly ; hence more expensive instruments are required, greater cost is entailed, and increased Funds are needed. Subscriptions and Donations will be thankfully received by Lloyd's Bank (Limited), 72, Lombard Street, E.C. ; and by the Secretary, at the Institution, 35, Finsbury Square. JOHN NORBURY, Treasurer. 17th July, 1889. JOHN WHITTINGTON, Secretary. ■ Aymns A ncient and Modern. OLD COPIES WANTED. The St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission will be thankful for SPARE COPIES from Churches where the New Edition is being introduced. Books, Magazines, &c., are most acceptable for Ships' Libraries, and for distribution on board ship by the Clergy. Address for ParceU— 35, City Chambers, Railway Place, Fenchurch Street, London, E.C. WM. EVAN FRANKS, Secretary. ' ®ffice: 65, Tencliurcli Street, London. ADVERTISEMENTS. By BISHOP OXENDEN. ■•■ 1. SHORT COMMENTS on S. MATTHEW and S. MARK. For Family Worship. Crown 8vo, 3s. 6d. 2. TOUCHSTONES; or, Christian Graces & Characters Tested. Fcap. 8vo, 2s. 6d. 3. THE PARABLES OF OUR LORD. 36tli Thousand. Fqap. 8vo, large type, cloth, 3s. 4. THE PATHWAY OF SAFETY ; or, Counsel to the Awakened. 296th Thousand. Fcap. Svo, large type, 2s. 6d. Cheap Edition, limp, is. 5. THE CHRISTIAN LIFE. S6th Thousand. Fcap. Svo, cloth, large type, 2s. 6d. Cheap Edition, limp, is. 6. PORTRAITS FROM THE BIBLE. Old Testament. 37th Thousand. 5 Fcap. Svo, cloth, New Testament. 25th Thousand. I 2s. 6d. each. 7. COTTAGE SERMONS; or. Plain Words to the Poor. 13th Thousand. Fcap. Svo, cloth, 2s. 6d. 8. COTTAGE READINGS. 8th Thousand. Fcap. Svo, cloth, 2s. 6d. 9. PRAYERS FOR PRIVATE USE. 143rd Thousand, iSmo, cloth, Is. ; roan, 2s. ; morocco or calf, 3s. 10. WORDS OF PEACE; or, The Blessings ScTrials of Sickness. 184th Thousand. Fcap. Svo, cloth, is. 11. THE HOME BEYOND; or, A Happy Old Age. 183rd Thousand. Fcap. Svo, cloth, is. 6d. 12. FERVENT PRAYER. 46th Thousand. iSmo, limp cloth, is. 13. GOD'S MESSAGE TO THE POOR. 22nd Thousand. iSmo, cloth, is. 6d. 14. THE LABOURING MAN'S BOOK. 5Sth Thousand. i8mo, cloth, is. 6d. 15. THE STORY OF RUTH. 14th Thousand. iSmo, limp cloth, is. London: HATCHARDS, 187, PiccadiUy, W. ADVERTISEMENTS. ROYAL ALFRED AGED MERCHANT SEAMEN'S IN STITUTIO N. Established in 1867. To give a HOME or a PENSION to the MERCHANT SAILOR ■when Old, Destitute, and Friendless. , "!_■ pLnsioners at their otwii Homes Belvedere, Kent. in the tTnited Kingdom. 800 Sailors, whose only apparent relief was the Workhouse, have been either Inmates or Pensioners. > 200 are now applicants, most of whom suffer from Hernia, Sheumatism or Bronchitis. Patrm-A.&ra.\V3X H.R.H. The DUKE OF EDINBURGH, K.G. President— ¥<.. S. DONKIN, Esq.., M.P. CA