This book was digitized by Microsoft Corporation in cooperation witli Cornell University Libraries, 2007. You may use and print this copy in limited quantity for your personal purposes, but may not distribute or provide access to it (or modified or partial versions of it) for revenue-generating or other commercial purposes. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® ^ •Ar?:Bt Digitized by Microsoft® War Depaetment, Cuban Census, Office of the Dieeotok, Washington, April 16, 1900. Sie: I have the honor to submit herewith the manuscript of the first bulletin of the Census of Cuba, with the request that 10,000 copies be printed for distribution, 1,000 copies to be in Spanish. Very respectfully, J. P. Sangee, Ins. Genl. Director Census of Cvha. The Seceetaey of War, Washington, D. C. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. MtnStlOIPAL AND PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT. In presenting the statistics of the census of Cuba, the municipal district^ as the principal administrative and political minor civil division, has been selected as the census unit. That the significance of the data may be better understood, it has been thought advisable to present a brief outline of the framework of municipal and provincial govern- ment as it existed when the census was taken. Under the laws of Spain a municipality is the legal association of all persons who reside in a municipal district, and is represented by a municipal council as a financial administrative corporation. A municipal district is the terri- tory under the administration of a municipal council. Municipal dis- tricts are established, increased, diminished, annexed to other munici- pal districts, wholly or in part, or abolished, by the military governor of the island, as the lawful successor of the governor-general. They correspond, in a measure, to American counties or townships, and as prerequisites to their establishment must contain not less than 2,000 inhabitants, a territory proportioned in extent to the population, and be able to meet the obligatory municipal expenses. Municipal districts differ in area, and each forms part of a judicial district and of a province, but can not belong to different jurisdictions of the same order. There are 6 provinces, 31 judicial districts, and 132 municipal districts in the island. To facilitate the administrative service, each municipal district is divided into subdistricts and the latter into wards (barrios), depending on the number of residents in the subdistricts. For political purposes the subdistricts are further divided into electoral districts and the latter into electoral sections. As far as practicable, ward limits are arranged so that the wards shall have approximately the same population, but every part of the municipal district must form, or be included in, a ward, no matter what its population may be. Thus the province of Matanzas has 24 municipal districts and 128 wards, so that the entire province is embraced within district and ward lines. The seat of municipal government is the principal town 5 Digitized by Microsoft® 6 0EU8U8 OF CUBA. or city in the district where the enumeration of the subdistricts and wards begins. Each municipal district has a municipal council and a municipal board. The council governs the district, subject to the supervision of the governor of the province and military governor of the island, and is composed of a mayor, a certain number of deputy mayors, and aldermen taken from the members of the council. The census of the population determines the number of councilors to which each municipal district is entitled as follows: Up to 500 inhabitants, five; 500 to 800, six. 800 to 1,000 seven; between 1,000 and 10,000, one additional councilor for every additional 1,000 people; and between 10,000 and 20,000, one for every additional 2,000 people. For more than 20,000 one for every additional 2,000 inhabitants until the municipal council has the maximum number of 30 councilors. The number of deputy mayors is determined on the same principle. Municipal districts of less than 800 inhabitants have no deputy mayors; between 800 and 1,000, one; 1,000 to 6,000, two; 6,000 to 10,000, three; 10,000 to 18,000, four; 18,000 or more, five. Up to 800 inhabitants there is but one subdistrict, and between 800 and 1,000 two, but thereafter the number of subdistricts corresponds to the number of deputy mayors. Each deputy mayor is in charge of a subdistrict as the representative of the mayor, discharging such administrative duties as he may direct, but having no independent functions. Up to 3,000 inhabitants there is but one electoral district; between 3,000 and 6,000, three; 6,000 to 10,000, four; 10,000 to 18,000, five; 18,000 or more, six. The councilors are elected from the municipality at large by the qualified voters of the district, one-half being renewed every two years, the councilors longest in service going out at each renewal. They are eligible for reelection. The regular elections are held in the first two weeks in May, but partial elections are hfeld when, at least six months before the regular election, vacancies occur which amount to a third of the total number of councilors. If they occur after this period they are filled by the governor of the province from among former members of the council. All male citizens over 25 years of age who enjoy their full civil rights, and have lived atleast two years in the municipality, are enti- tled to vote, provided they are not disqualified by sentence for certain criminal offenses, bankruptcy or insolvency, or are not delinquent tax payers or paupers. The mayors and deputy mayors are appointed by the military gov- ernor from among the councilors on the recommendation of the council. But while under the law the deputy mayors must be selected from the council, the military governor may appoint any person as mayor whether he belongs to the municipality or not. Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. 7 In each ward there is also a mayor. He is appointed by the mayor of the municipal district, who can also suspend or remove him. He is required to keep a register of the horses, mules, and cattle in his ward, and to discharge such administrative duties as the deputy mayor of the subdistrict in which his ward is located may direct. Each council has a secretary, who is appointed by the military gov- ernor of the island on the recommendation of the council. The council also appoints from among its members one or more fiscal attorneys (procuradores sindicos), whose duty it is to represent the council in all legal suits which may be instituted, and to revise and audit all local accounts and budgets. After the council is fully organized, the councilors who are not appointed to other offices in the council, are called aldermen. The mayor and secretary are the only salaried municipal officers, the office of deputy mayor, fiscal attorney, alder- man, associate member of the municipal board, and mayor of a ward, being described in the law as " gratuituous, obligatory, and hon- orary." The mayor, deputy mayors, and fiscal attorneys, have the same right to speak and vote as the members of the council, and, in fact, the first two are obliged to vote on every resolution. The duties and responsibilities of the municipal council are those which usually devolve on such bodies in European countries. The mayor is president of the council and represents it on all occasions. He presides at the meetings when the governor of the province is not present. He votes by right of membership, and in case of a tie casts the deciding vote, but has neither the veto nor the appointing power. As a result, there is no division of responsibility between the mayor and the council in administrative matters, the council, as a whole, making every appointment and deciding every question of municipal administration as far as the laws, and the provincial and insular gov- ernors will permit, distributing the work of departmental management to permanent committees of their own number, which they organize and constitute as may seem best. These committees have associated with them such experts and specialists as may be necessary, and take the place of the several independent departments and boards which are features of municipal government in the United States. The sessions of the municipal council are determined by that body, but can not be less than one each week. Every member is required to attend punctually or pay a fine. Neither the mayor, the deputies, aldermen, nor ward mayors can absent themselves from the municipal district unless they receive permission as follows: The mayor from the governor of the province, and if the latter does not appoint a tem- porary mayor the senior deputy acts; deputy mayors and aldermen require the permission of the council; ward mayors of the mayor. The governor of the province can suspend the mayor or the deputies, and aldermen, as well as the resolutions and decisions of the council, Digitized by Microsoft® 8 CENSUS OF CUBA. while the military governor can remove all municipal officers and appoint others to their places, and modify or annul the proceedings of the council. The municipal board is composed of the municipal council and an equal number of associate members elected from among the taxpayers of the district, who hold office during the fiscal year. It is the duty of the board to revise the annual budget of municipal expenses pre- pared by the council, and to establish the taxes according to law. A province is composed of the municipal districts within its limits. Under Spanish law the government of a province was vested in a governor (who was usually a brigadier or major general in the Span- ish army), a provincial deputation, and a provincial committee. The governor was appointed and x-emoved by the governor-general, and received a salary of from $i,000 to $6,000 a year in Spanish gold, according as the province was first, second, or third class. The provincial deputation was composed of deputies elected by the qual- ified voters of the municipalities for four years. The number of deputies depended on the number of electoral districts in the province as detei-mined by the provincial delegation and approved by the gov- ernor-general. In the same way the judicial districts of the province were allowed to elect 12 deputies, more or less, depending on whether the number of deputies elected by the municipalities exceeded or was less than 20. The deputies served without pay. The provincial committee and its vice-president were appointed by the governor -general from among the members of the deputation and consisted of 5 deputies who received a salary of from $1,200 to $2,000 a year in Spanish gold, according to the classification of the province. The deputation met in regular session in November and April and held such exti'a sessions as were necessary. The permanent commit- tee represented the deputation when not in session, and acted as an advisory body to the governor in respect to matters which the laws did not impose on the deputation. The governor of the province, as the representative of the governor- general, presided over the deputation and permanent committee and acted as the chief executive of the province in all matters. It was his duty to inspect the councils and the municipalities, informing the gov- ernor-general of all cases of negligence or disaffection. He had supreme authority^ subject of course to the governor-general. He was responsible for public order, and the military authorities of the province were under his control. The provincial deputation had charge generally of the public roads, harbors, navigation, and irrigation, and all kinds of public works of a provincial character; the charitable institutions and those of instruc- tion, fairs, expositions, etc., and the administration of the provincial funds. The secretary, auditor, and treasurer of the deputation were Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. 9 appointed by the governor of the pro^•illce on the recommendation of the deputation. The provincial deputation was abolished by the military governor of Cuba in March, 1899, and the government of the provinces is now vested in the governors. By a royal decree of November 25 1897, a greater degree of autonomy was conferred on the provinces and municipalities of Cuba, but as this law did not become operative on account of the war, its effect on the organization and administration of the local goverements has not been considered. General Wood, the military governor of Cuba, under date of March 24, has intrusted to the municipal authorities, without any interven- tion on the part of the civil governors, the maintenance of public order, the execution of municipal ordinances, the administration of the mu- nicipal police, the regulation of public amusements, and the granting of permits for public parades, assemblies, and meetings, within their respective districts. THE MUNICIPAL AND PKOVINCIAL JUDICIARY. The judiciary is essentially insular, the judges being appointed by the military governor or his agents. In each municipal district there are one or more municipal courts which consist of a judge, a secretary, and a clerk, who also acts as a constable or bailiff. The judges are appointed by the audiencias and have jurisdiction in civil suits when the amount involved does not exceed $200, and over all misdemeanors such as violations of the municipal ordinances. They also keep regis- ters of births, deaths, marriages, and property, and substitute the judges of first instance and instruction when for any reason they can not act. Every municipal district forms part of a judicial district, presided over by a judge of first instance and instruction, who is appointed by the military governor of the island. The court of first instance and instruction consists of the judge, 4 notaries, 4 clerks, 1 doctor, and 2 constables, and has civil jurisdiction in all suits where the amount involved exceeds |200. This court makes the preliminary examination in all criminal cases, but has no other criminal jurisdiction. It has appellate jurisdiction over cases from the municipal judge. In each province there is an audiencia or supreme court, appointed by the military governor, which has original jurisdiction in all crim- inal cases from petit larceny to murder. It has appellate jurisdiction in all civil cases appealed from thecourt of first instance and instruction. The personnel of this court consists of a president of thei audiencia, a president of the sala, 3 or 4 judges, 1 fiscal or prosecuting attorney, 1 deputy fiscal, 1 assistant fiscal, 1 secretary of the audiencia, and 1 secretary of the sala. Digitized by Microsoft® 10 CENSUS OF CUBA. THE POPULATION. This bulletin shows the total population, by provinces, municipal districts, cities, and, as fully as the returns will permit, by barnos or wards. In many cases the wards are not returned separately, but in o-roups of two or more, the inhabitants of which can not be easily separated, owing to the difSculty of ascertaining accurate y ward limits. The total population of Cuba on October 16, 1899, determined by the census taken as of that date, was 1,572,797. This was distributed as follows among the six provinces: Habana 424,804 Puerto Principe 88,234 •Matanza^ 202,444 Santa Clara 356,536 KnardelEio 173,064 Santiago 327,715 The latest census taken under Spanish authority was in 1887. The total population as returned by that census was 1,631,687, and the pop- ulation by provinces was as follows: Habana 451,928 Matanzas 259, 578 PinardelEio 225,891 Puerto Principe 67, 789 Santa Clara 354,122 Santiago 272,379 Whether that census was correct may be a matter of discussion, but if incorrect, the number of inhabitants was certainly not overstated. Comparing the total population at these two censuses, it is seen that the loss in the 12 years amounted to 58,890, or 3.6 per cent of the pop- ulation in 1887. This loss is attributable to the recent civil war and the reconcentration policy accompanying it, but the figures express only a part of the loss from this cause. Judging from the earlier history of the island and the excess of births over deaths, as shown by the registration records, however imperfect they may be, the popu- lation probably increased from 1887 up to the beginning of the war and at the latter epoch reached a total of little less than 1,800,000. It is probable, therefore, that the direct and indirect losses by the war and the reconcentration policy, including a decrease of births and of immigration and an increase of deaths and of emigration reached a total of approximately 200,000. The following table shows the absolute and the proportional gain or loss between 1887 and 1899 in each of the six provinces. Province. Increase {+) or de- crease (—). Per cent of Increase (+) or de- crease (— ).- Habana Matanzas Pinar del Rio Puerto Principe . Santa Clara Santiago -27,124 -57,134 -52,827 +20,445 + 2,414 +55,336 - 6.0 -21.9 -23.4 +30.2 + .7 +20.3 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. 11 Habana province, in which most of the reconcentrados were col- I lected, sustained a relatively small loss in population. Indeed (although it does not appeal* here), the population of Habana district, including the city of Habana, increased from 200,M8 in 1887 to 242,065 in 1899, while nearly every other district of the province lost popula- tion. Pinar del Rio andMatanzas, lying on either side of Habana, lost nearly equal numbers and proportions of inhabitants. Santa Clara, ] lying beyond Matanzas to the eastward, remained almost at a standstill, while Puerto Principe and Santiago, still farther to the eastward and farther removed from the center of hostilities, gained greatly, the Increase being probably due not only to natural increase, but to the migration of people away from the center of disturbance. DENSITY OF POPTILATION. The area of Cuba is approximately 44,000 square miles, and the average number of inhabitants per square mile 35. 7, about the same as the State of Iowa. The areas of the six provinces, and the average density of population in each, are as follows: Inhabitants per square mile. Habana Matanzas Knar del Rio... Puerto Principe S&nta Clara Santiago Sq. miles. 2,772 3,700 5,000 10,500 9,560 12,468 153 55 85 8 37 26 Habana, with the densest population, is as thickly populated as the State of Connecticut, and Puerto Principe, the most sparsely popu- lated, is in this respect comparable with the State of Texas. The great difference in density of population in the different prov- inces is in part due to the presence of large cities, especially in the case of Habana. Still, after excluding the cities of 8,000 inhabitants or more, notable differences are seen to exist, as shown below: Habana 55. 3 Matanz!is 39. Pinar del Rio 32.8 Rural inhabitants to a square mile. Puerto Principe 6. Santa Clara 28. 5 Santiago 21. 7 Puerto Principe, with but 6 rural inhabitants to a square mile, is a pastoral province. UKBAN POPULATION. In connection with the population of cities, it must be understood that the cities of Cuba have no corporate limits separating sharply Digitized by Microsoft® 12 CENSUS OF CUBA. the urban element from the surrounding rural population. The cities, like the rural districts, are divided into wards, and many of these wards extend from the borders of the cities out into country districts, much as do New England towns and include both urban and rural population. On this account it is impossible to state the population ■^, of cities with exactness, although it is believed that the best separatiori possible has been made. '" The population of cities by the census of 1899 can not be compared t.^ with that given by the census of 1887, because the figures of the latter embrace the entire municipal district, including the city, which in most cases adds to it a large population. Table II shows the population of all cities of 1,000 inhabitants or more, which can be given separately. The number altogether is 96, of which 16 have population in excess of 8,000, 5 in excess of 25,000, and 1 (Habana) a population of 235,981. The urban population of Cuba, including all cities down to 1,000 inhabitants, numbers 741,273, or 47.1 per cent of the entire popu- lation. Including in the urban population only the inhabitants of cities of 8,000 or more, as is done in the United States census, the number of urban element is 499,682, and the proportion to the total population is 32.3 per cent. The corresponding figures in the United States in 1890 were 29.2 per cent. The number of urban inhabitants in each province, under each of the two definitions of urban population used, with the percentages of the total population, are given in the following table : Urban population in cities of 1,000 or more. Percent- age. Urban population in cities oi 8,000 or more. Percent- age. Habana Matanzas Pinardel Rio... Puerto Principe Santa Clara Santiago 328,947 103,578 22, 337 35,543 141, 131 108, 747 77.4 51.2 12.9 40.1 277,636 58,314 8,880 25,102 80,345 57,554 65.4 28.8 5.1 28.4 22.5 17.5 The following table, numbered I, gives the total population by provinces, municipal districts, and wards, each arranged in alphabet- ical order. The smallest subdivisions given are wards, unless other- wise stated. Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. 13 Table I. PROVINCE OF HABANA. :»i j OTAL POPULATION 42'!, 804 ' guacate District 3, 163 Aguacate and Zabalesta 2, 196 Reloj and Campostizo 967 'jquizar District S, 746 Alqujzar, Primero 1,837 ii Alquizar, Segundo 1,877 Guanimar 485 La Paz 1,011 II Palenque 1,933 , San Andres 293 '' Tumbadero 1,310 ''Bainoa District 1, 725 Bainoa and Santa Cruz 482 Carabello 495 Jlamey Dure and Reloj 748 Batabano District 6, 523 Batabano 1 , 025 Guanabo 436 Mayaguano 352 Quintinal and San Augustin 976 Surgidero 3,683 Islands 51 Busta District 5,142 HoyoColorado 1,046 Baracoa, Anafe, and Corralillo 1, 025 Punta Brava and Cangrejeras 2, 205 San Pedro and Guatao 866 Bejucai District 5,756 Primero 997 Segundo 1,068 Tercero 1,093 Piedras 1, 670 Remainder of district 928 Cano District 4, 210 Arroyo Arenas 1, 003 Cano and Jaimanitas 1, 320 Wajay 1,88? CMiguas District (not given by wards)... 1,004 Catalina District (not given by wards) . .. 2,718 Ceiba del Agua District 2, 1 97 CeibadelAgua 909 Virtudes and Chlcharran 621 Remainder oJ district 667 Guanabaooa District 20, 080 Asuncion, Este 1, 506 Asuncion, Oeste 2, 795 Bacuranao 1, 457 Campo Florida 591 Cojimar 1,685 Corral Falso, Este 1. 838 Corral Palso, Oeste li 991 Gtianabaooa District— Continued. Cruz Verde 2,485 San Francisco, Este 2, 043 San Francisco, Oeste 1, 307 San Miguel del Padron and Pepe An- tonio 2, 482 Guara District (not given by wards) 1, 835 Guines District 11, 394 First and Cruz 1, 348 Second and Eubio 3, 357 Third and Yamaraguas '. 2, 350 Fourth 1,094 Candela North and South and Gua- najo 609 Candela Baja, San Pedro, and San Julian 955 Nombre de Dios 1, 681 Guira de Helena 11, 548 Cajio 96S Gabriel 764 Jerez 1,274 Juribacoa 311 Helena 1,462 Norte 2,620 Sur 2,396 Sibanican 1, 136 Tumbadero 632 Habana District 242, 055 Habana City— Arroyo Apolo 2, 166 Arsenal 6,131 Ataris 7, 674 CasaBlanca 2,440 Ceiba 6,783 Cerro 10,741 Chavez 7,598 Colon 7,371 Dragones 6, 604 Guadalupe 7,517 Jesus del Honte 9,369 Jesus Maria 3, 915 Luyano 1, 254 Marte 5,002 Monserrate 7,829 Paula' 3,791 Penalvcr 8, 557 Pilar 6,111 Pueblo Nuevo 8,376 Punta 10,637 San Felipe 3,660 San Francisco 4, 215 San Juan de Dios 4, 420 San Lazaro 20,616 SanLeopoldo 7,494 San Nicolas 6,634 SantaClara 4,667 Santa Teresa 6, 725 SantoAngel 4,766 Santo Cristo 4,637 Digitized by Microsoft® 14 CENSUS OF CUBA. PROVINCE OF HABANA-Continued. Habana District— Continued. Habana City-San Ysidro 5, 805 Tacon 0'°"^ Templete 2,838 Vedado y Principe — 9. 980 Villa Nueva BiCSS Vives S'O^ Institutions 2,340 Remainder ot district- Arroyo Naranjo 1' "■'■ Calvario ^'"^ Puentes Grandes ^'262 Islade Pinos District ^'^^^ Caleta Grande ^1^ Santa Fe 1'"^ Remainder of district li^^^ Jaruco District '^'"''^ Guanabo ^^ Maceo, Garzo, Guaicanamar, and Tablas ''^ Plaza, Jaruco, Cuartel, and Comercio. 1, 139 Remainder of district 1.263 Madruga District Z,1iA Concordia, Majagua, and San Bias. Madruga, Este 928 676 Madruga, Oeste 1, 328 Remainder of district 812 Managua District 2, 887 Managua li 063 Remainder of district 1, 824 Marianao District . Cocosoto 2, 602 Lisa 680 •Playa S74 Pocito 1,560 3,177 Helena del Sur District (not given by wards) 3,207 Nueva Paz District 7,761 1,229 NuevaPaz 2,294 Palos 2,630 Vegas 1,608 Plplan District (not given by wards) 1, 101 Quivican District (not given by wards) . . 2, 423 Regla District 11,363 First 2,818 Second 3, 034 Third 3,001 Fourth 2,610 Salud District (not given by wards) 8, 29 San Antonio de las Vegas District (not given by wards) 1, San Antonio de los Banoa District 12, ( Armonia 67 Chicharo 40 Este 2,06 Govea 67 Monjas 921 Norte 2,96 Quintana 70S Santa Rosa 45' Seborucal 49 Sur 3,14 Valle Iff San Felipe District (not given by wards) . 1,911 San Jose de las La j as 4, la Primero 91 ' Segundo 2,096 Remainder of district 1,130 San Nicolas District 4,! Babiney Prieto and Caimito 577 Barbudo 736 Paraduro and Gabriel 1, San Nicolas and Jobo 1, Santa Cruz del Norte District 2, 968 San Antonio del Rio Blanco 965 Santa Cruz del Norte Remainder of district 1,066 Santa Maria del Rosario District 2, 730 San Pedro 1,285 Santa Maria del Eosario 544 Remainder ot district 901 Santiago de las Vegas District 10, 276 Boyeros 1,553 Calabazar 1,152 Dona Maria 531 Norte 3,062 Rincou 920 Sur 3,058 Tapaste District 1, 551 Santa Barbara and Jaula 272 Tapaste and San Andres 1,279 Vereda Nueva District 2, 416 Norte 1,125 Sur 1,291 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. PROVINCE OP MATANZAS. 15 Total population 202, 444 Alaoranes District 8, 110 Estante 2,823 Este 716 Galeoncito 474 Norte 1,267 Oeste 1, 777 Sur 1,053 Bolondron District 9, 179 Bolondrou 1 933 Bolondron 2 824 Bolondron 3 847 Guira 1, 676 Lucia and Gonzalo 2, 326 Piedrasand Cienega 577 Punta and Alverez 1, 363 Zapata and Galeon 633 Cabezas District 5, 184 Bermeja 1, 871 Bija 751 Cabezas 1, 721 Lima 612 Magdalena 229 Canasi District 1,993 Norte 1 , 624 Sur 369 Cardenas District 24, 861 Cardenas City — Districtl, Barrio 1 1,659 Districtl, Barrio 2 3,564 District2, Barrio 1 1,374 District2, Barrio 2 3,720 Districts, Barriol 3,987 Districts, Barrio2 2,305 District4, Barriol 3,145 District4, Barrio 2 2,186 Cautel and Guasimas 1, 581 Pueblo Nuevo, Fundecion, and Ver- salles 311 Varadero 1 , 029 Carlos Rojas District (not given by bar- rios) 3,174 Colon District 12, 195 Amarillas 1 , 746 Calimete 3,274 Colon, Barrio 1 1, 412 Colon, Barrio 2 1, 653 Colon, Barrio 3 919 , Colon, Barrio 4 787 Colon, Barrio 5 1, 299 Colon, Barrio 6 1,105 Cuevitas District 6, 807 Asiento B09 Cuevitas 2.034 Jabaco 997 Venturilla 1,667 Guamacaro District 6, 000 Canimar 161 Coabas 1, 197 Coliseo 620 Guamacaro 552 Limonar,Este 1,393 Limonar, Oeste 1, 483 San Miguel 374 Sumidero 220 Jaguey Grande District 5, 853 Cienaga Zapata 16 Gallardo 750 Jaguey Grande 1, 999 Lopez 1, 445 Ruvira 827 Sinu 816 Jovellanos District 7, 529 Asuncion . , 427 Jovellanos, Barrio 1 1, 942 Jovellanos, Barrio 2 1, 617 Jovellanos, Barrio 3 1,162 Realengo 363 San Jose 2, 018 Macagua District 5, 042 Arabos 2,241 Mayabon 1, 092 Monte Alto 680 Oeste 1, 029 Macuriges District 10, 405 Batalla 795 Ciego 595 Claudio 1,390 Macuriges, Este 965 Macuriges, Oeste 1, 071 Macuriges, Sur 1, 056 Navajas 731 Platanal and Linch 313 Punta Brava 1,508 Eio Blanco 1,577 Tramojos 404 Marti District 8, 905 Guamutas 2, 505 La Teja 695 Los Cayos 374 Marti, Norte 2,495 Marti,Sur 396 Motembo 2,188 Ytabo 252 Matanzas District 45, 282 Matanzas City — Districtl, Barriol 1,500 Districtl, Barrio2 2,570 District2, Barriol 4,147 District2, Barrio 2 3,596 Districts, Barriol 5,050 Districts, Barrio2 2,305 District 4, Barriol '»3,270 Digitized by Microsoft® 16 CENSUS OF CUBA. PROVINCK OF MATANZAS— Continued. Malanzas District— Continued. Matanzas City— Continued. Pueblo Nuevo Versalles Asylums, convents, and hospitals. Arroyo and Campana Camarioca Caminar and Paso Seco Ceiba Mocha Chirlno Corral Nuevo Cumbre and Baounayagua Guanabana San Francisco R, 'WO 4,812 704 1,143 814 597 1,828 702 764 1,831 1,005 234 Maximo Gomez District 4,046 Altamisal Maximo Gomez Rancho del Medio. Sabanilla 776 2,292 701 277 Mendez Capote District 2, 158 Contreras Mendez Capote, 1 . Mendez Capote, 2. 921 812 425 almillas District 7,647 Cumanayagua. Guareiras Jacan Manguito Palmillas 969 793 1,642 954 Perico District 4,449 Altamisal 1,689 Perico, Norte 2, 436 Perico, Sur 324 Roqno District 4,464 Coabillas 1,434 Guamajales 499 Mostacilla 688 Quintana and Tomegnin 361 Roque 1,482 Sabanilla District 5,205 Mondejar and Aura.s 401 Palmaand Canimar 1,023 Sabanilla 3, 781 San Jos(! dc los Ramos District 6, 765 Banaguises, Pueblo 931 Banaguises, Rural 2, 046 Pueblo Nuevo 1,487 San JosS de los Ramos 2, 301 Santa Ana District 2, 965 Barrio 1 . Barrio 2. Barrio 3. Barrio 4. Barrio 5. 1,421 285 722 453 84 tTninn de Reyes District 5,226 Pueblo Nueva 545 Yglesia 1 1 , 969 Yglesia 2 1, 707 Yglesia 3 1 , 005 PROVINCE OF PINAR DEL RIO. Total population 173, 064 Artemisa District 9, 317 4,179 Artemisa Canas 984 Capellamias 22? Cayajabos 1, 022 Dolores 1, 692 Puerta la Guira 498 Virtudes 719 Bahia Honda District . 2,117 Bahia Honda and Aguacate 1 , 278 Ccralillo and Mulato 214 San Miguel and Manimani 625 Cabanas District 3,8f3 Cabanas and San Miguel 1, 917 Ceiba 1,366 Conchita and Delicias 228 Vigia and San Ramon 342 Candelaria District 4, 866 Byate, Puerto Rico, and San Juan del Norte 630 Candelaria i . 697 1,280 456 Candelaria District — Continued. Carambala, Lomas, and Rio Hondo -. Las Mangas San Juan de Barracones, Miracillos, and Frias Consolacion del Norte District 7, 399 Berracos Caiguanabo La Jagua La Palma and Rio de Pueifcos Las Puentas Rio Blanco and Arroyo Naranjo . San Andres Vegas Nuevas Consolacion del Sur District 1,056 439 1,567 1,240 594 671 944 Alonso Rojos Colmenar and Hato Quemado Consolacion del Sur City not given by wards Horcones Lajas and Caperuza Lena Naranjo and Caimitcs Pilotes 16, 665 2,132- 676 3,062 1,608 702 914 1,073 1,918 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. PROVINCE OF PINAR DEL RIO-Continued. 17 Consolacion del Sur District— Continued. Rio Hondo and Tagua San Pablo and Camaronea Santa Clara Quanajay District Cabrioles Guanajay, Norte. Gnanajay, Sur . . . San Francisco San Jose , Santa Ana 2,346 1,589 645 8,796 533 2,675 765 GuaneDistrict 14 ^gg Cabo de San Antonio Cortes and Serranos Guane Juan Golnez LaGriia Martinas Paso Real and Catalina Portoles and Feneria Punta de la Sierra and Las Acostas. Remates Sabalo, Trinidad, and Santa Teresa. 270 1,355 1,038 912 2,113 1,746 890 1,253 1,602 3,014 667 Guayabal District 2 710 Caimito Guayabal and Banes . Quintana Julian Diaz District . Herradera and Ceja de la Heiradura. Julian Diaz and Palacios Santa Monica and Guajiro 1,269 879 662 1,871 516 1,260 96 Los Palacios District 2, 456 Toro and Bacunaguas Los Palacios ' Macuriges Sierra, Santo Domingo, and Limones. Mantua District . Arroyos and Santa Ysabel. Baja Gabezas and La Ceja Gnayabo and Lazaro Mantua and Montezuelo. . Santa Maria and San Jose. Sierra Derrumbado 198 1,549 238 471 8,366 1,079 3,741 1,281 283 802 423 757 MarielDlstrict 3 631 Jobaco and Royo 253 Macngual and Qniebra Hacha 1, 058 Mariel and Boca 2, 086 Molina, Mosquitos, and Guajaybon . . 161 San Juan Bautista and Playa 74 Pinar del Rio District . . . Cabezas Cangre Tairones Gnayabo Marcos Vazquez Ovas Paso Viejo Pinar del Rio, Norte. Pinar del Rio, Sur ... Rio Feo RioSequlto San Jose Sumidero Ysabel Maria San Cristobal District 38,343 1,521 4,208 4,094 1,894 974 2,383 2,351 3,949 4,981 1,034 4,278 2,612 2,478 1,136 4,263 Mayari, 1 and 2 Minas and Rio Hondo.. San Cristobal Santa Cruz de los Pinos. Sitio Herraro , San Diego de los Bancs District (not given by wards) San Diego de Nunez District (not given~ by wards) San Juan y Martinez District ~ 2,419 1,137 14, 787 Arroyo Hondo i gjg Galafre and Guillen. . , '553 Lagunillaa 1 238 LuisLazo 4 193 Primero de Martinez 1 097 Rio Seco I 920 San Juan y Martinez 2 970 Segundo de Martinez 393 San Luis District 7~608 416 Barbacoa 1 035 Barrigonas 544 Tirado 643 Llanada Pallzadas Rio Seco 760 San Luis 3^553 Vinales District 17~700 Albino 739 Ancan 926 Cayos de San Felipe 417 Cuajani 2,021 Laguna de Piedra 2,328 Rosario 2, 061 San Cayetano 2, 920 San Vinoente 1,937 Santa Fe 657 Santa Tomas 1, 570 Vinales 1, 600 Yayal 524 20792— No. i- Digitized by Microsoft® 18 CENSUS OF CUBA. PROVINCE OF PUERTO PRINCIPE. Total population SB,2Si Clego de Avila District ^•'^^ Arroyo Blanco *^^ Ceiba ^03 Ciegode Avila 3,892 Guanales ^^ Iguara ^^" Jicotea ^* Jucaro *^ Lazaro Lopez 1|121 Nuevas ^^' Nuevas de Jobosi ^®^ San Nicolas ^^ Moron District Si630 Chambas 926 Cupeyes ^33 Guadalupe 1.65* Marroquln 1,073 Moron Este 1,439 Moron Oeste 1,731 Punta Alegro *9B Sandoval 1,028 Santa Gertrudes 752 Nuevitas District 10,365 Baga 277 Lugareno 1,610 Nuevitas 1 1,093 Nuevitas 2 1,673 Nuevitas 3 1,462 Redenclon 830 Sabinal 107 San Miguel 716 Senado 2,687 Puerto Principe District 53,140 Altagracia 1,240 Caoblllas 1.728 Cascorro 1,904 Contramaestra 2,368 Ecuador 2, 215 Guaimaro 2,940 Guanaja 848 Llmones 830 Magarabomba 1, 304 Maraguan 1, 110 Minas 2,318 Pueblo Nuevo 1,665 Puerto Principe 1 2,876 Puerto Principe 2 2,474 Puerto Principe 3 5,115 Puerto Principe 4 5,1S4 Puerto Principe 6 — ^ 2,080 Puerto Principe 6 1,960 Puerto Principe 7 2,407 Puerto Principe 8 1,657 Puerto Principe 9 1,349 Quemado -•. 805 San Geronimo 986 Slbanicu 1,763 VistaHermosa 981 Yaba 2,295 Yeaguas 748 Santa Cruz del Sur District 5,308 Buenaventura 352 Callzada and Playa Bonita 2, 098 Gualcauamar 598 Guayabal 937 Junco 1,083 San Pedro 240 PROVINCE OF SANTA CLARA. Total population 366, 536 Abreus District (not given by wards) 3, 995 Calbarlen District 8, 650 Caibarien. . . Conuco Guajabana . Taneo 7,013 496 478 663 Calabazar District 13,419 Centro 3,766 Eucrucljada 2,689 Malay Bana 1,267 Paso Real 438 Santo 2, 573 Sitlo Grande 590 Viana 2,111 Camajuani District 14,495 Camajuani 6,082 Egidos 700 Guadalupe 2, 669 Sabana 1,621 Salamanca 1,704 Camajuani District — Continued. Santa Clarita Zulueta 1,501 1,318 Cartagena District 6,244 Arriete and Banos . Cartegena Cascajal Clego Moutero Santiago Soledad 556 1,917 2,017 433 559 Cejade Pablo District 6,954 Ceja de Pablo.., Corralillo , PalmaSola Sabana Grande. Sierra Morena.. 273 2,588 201 1,190 2,702 Clenfuegos District 59,128 Aguada de Pasajeros . Arimao Auras Caimanera 8,777 3,015 437 717 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. PROVINCE OF SANTA CLAEA-Continued. 19 Cienfuegos District— Continued. Calisito Castillo .' Caunao Cayos Charcas Cienfuegos City, not given by wards . Cumanayagua Gavilan and Gavilanoio Jlcotea Manacas Mandinga Ojo de Agua Bamlnez Sierra Yaguaramas Alacian Amaro Barro Oifuentes Sitlo Grande. 446 248 279 2,172 680 Cnices District 7,963 Graces Maltiempo Monteflrme Pueblo Nuevo . 4,173 2,284 678 818 Esperanza District 7,811 Asiento Viejo Esperanza Norte. Esperanza SuT... Jabonilla Nuevas Purial San Jose San Vicente 676 997 1,180 720 1,309 915 976 1,188 Palmira District 6,627 Arango 2,008 Palmira 4, 519 Placetaa District 11,961 Guaracabulla 1, 194 Hernando and Sitio Potrero 1, 215 Nazareno 719 Placetas and Tlbicial 7, 366 San Andre and Vista Hermosa 1, 467 Quemado de Quines. Caguaguas 640 Carabatas 1, 615 Guines 1,174 PasoCovado 1,288 Quemado de Guines 3, 082 San Valentin 343 Zambumbia 848 Kancho Veioz District 7,532 Aguas Claras 1, 218 Chavez 1,166 Crimea 1,240 Gnarillas 936 Santa Fe " ^■'■2 Rauchuelo District 5,069 Poza de la Cliina 1,101 Eanchuelo 1 2, 170 Ranchuelo 2 849 Sitio Viejo 939 Rodas District 9,662 Congojas 2,171 Jabacoa 139 Limones 2, 635 Medidas 1, 327 Rodas 3,390 Sagua la Grande District 21, 342 Cbinchila 1,654 Jumagua 2,473 I la Grande, Norte 7, 069 1 la Grande, Snr 5, 659 San Juan 769 Sitiecito 1,366 Isabela 2,352 San Antonio de las Vueltas District 12, j AguadadeMoya Bosque Ceja de Pablo Charco Hondo Egldos Piedras Quinta Sagua la Cliica and Cayos . . San Antonio de las Vueltas. Taguayabon Vega Alta 1,065 2,019 1,545 1,013 634 1,204 1,422 542 1,336 912 1,140 Sancti Spiritus District 25,709 Banao 436 BellaMota 931 Cborrea Brava 83 ' Cabaiguan 1,135 Guaslmal 1,500 Guayos 1,430 Jibaro 433 Manacas 475 Paredis 578 Paula 2,066 San Andres Rustica and Pueblo Nuevo ; 1,083 Santa Lucia 554 Taguasco and Pedro Barba 1, 293 Tunas and Zaza 1,014 Sancti Spiritus City, not given by wards 12,696 San Diego del Valle District 5, i Centro 1,298 Hatillo 461 Jicotea 665 Maguaraya Abajo y Arriba 1, 154 Mango 302 Sitio Nuevo 359 Yabu 1,130 San Fernando District 6, 445 CiegoAlonso 1,238 Escarza 1, 770 Digitized by Microsoft® 20 CENSUS OF CUBA. PROVINCE OF SANTA CLARA— Continued. San Fernando District— Continued. Lomas Grandes '^^ Paradero -• ^'^'^ San Fernando 1' "'* San Juan de las Yeras District 5. 600 Aguas Bonitas ^^^ Bernia ^1^ Guayo ^'^ Potrerillo '*! Quemado, Hilario J ^^ San Juan 2,401 San Juan de los RemedJos District 14, 833 Baxtolome 612 Buena vista *• "'1 Cangrejo and Remate 1, 718 Carolina 6^* Guanijibes 1,047 Remedios 6,633 Tetuan 294 Santa Clara District 28,437 Baez 1.456 Carmen 3,051 Condado 1.110 Egidos 1,987 La Cruz 2,111 ManicaragTia 2,916 Parroquia 3,349 Pastora 3,171 Provincial 1,195 Puente 2,594 San Gil 3,411 Seibabo 1,598 Institutions 488 Santa Isabel de las Lajas District 9, 603 Centro 6,915 Nuevas 265 Santa Isabel de las Lajas District— Continued. Salado and Santa Rosa 407 Salto 1,199 Terry 817 Santo Domingo District 10,372 Alvarez and Mordazo 1, 085 Baracaldo, Potrerillo and Arenas 1, 346 Jicotea and San Cartolome , 1, 246 Jiquiaboyand Juqul 431 Manacas and San Marcos 886 Puerto Escondido 741 Rio and Cerrito 734 Rodrigo 583 Santo Domingo, Este 1, 184 Santo Domingo, Oeste 895 San Juan 521 Yabucito 720 Trinidad District 24,271 Cabagan 762 Caracusey 676 Casilda 2,234 Fomento 1,769 Guaniguical 985 Gninia de Miranda 1,056 Jiquimas 825 RiodeAy 2,417 San Francisco 546 San Pedro 892 Toyaba 989 Trinidad City, not given by wards 11, 120 Yagnajay District 9,718 Bamburanao 931 Centeno 447 Mayajigua 1,284 Meneses 1,658 Seibabo 1,371 Yaguajay 2,692 Keys and Institutions 1,335 PROVINCE OF SANTIAGO. Total FOPDLATioK 327,716 Alto Songo District 12,770 Alto Songo, Norte 1,692 Alto Songo, Sur 1,466 Florida Blanca 1,081 Jaragueaca 544 Loma del Gato 585 Mayari Arriba 975 Moron 927 Palenque 1,900 Socorro and Maya 1, 685 Ti-Arriba 2,016 Baracoa District 21,944 Baracoa City, not given by wards 4, 937 Cabacu 715 Canete 322 Baracoa Districts-Continued. Duaba 1,186 Grantlerra 632 Guandao 1,536 Guiniao 1,686 Hoyos 729 Jamal 1,024 Jauco 1,425 Maisi 108 Mandinga 910 Mata 738 Monte Cristo 739 Nibujon 514 Quemado 363 Sabana 654 Sabanilla , 780 Sitio 473 Toar 735- Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. PBOVINCE OF SANTIAGO— Continued. 21 Baracoa District— Continued. t Vegulta , 541 ^ Vertientes 650 - Ymiaa 547 5 Bayamo District 21,193 Barrancas 1, 596 * Bueycito 1,690 ' Canto del Embareadero 1,671 5 Cristo 1,788 > Datil 2,142 ' Guamo 769 i Guisa 3,565 i Homo , 1,298 '' LagunaBlanco 1,856 ' SanJuan 1,234 i Veguito 3,784 j Campechuela District '. 7,369 Campechnela City, notgiven by wards 3,264 CeibaHueca 2,149 : San Bamon 1,966 ' Caney District 9,126 Barajagua - .- 174 Caney 844 Daiquiri 1,380 Demajayagua 1,752 DosBocos 1,217 Guaninicun 1,247 Lagunas , 1,205 Paz de los Naranjos 284 Sevilla 561 Zacatecas 462 CobiBDistrict 10,707 Assetadero 459 Botija 324 Brazo Cauto 1,150 Caimanes 698 Cayo Smith 266 Cobre 1,028 Dos Falmas 1,226 Ermitano 240 Hongolosongo 1,987 Macio 92 Manacas ... ... 1,426 Mina Mlna --- 421 EioBWo 605 Santa Rita 514 Sevilla 272 Cristo District— Not given by wards 1, 194 Gibara District 31,694 Arroyo Blanco 1,739 Banes 6,730 Bariai 1,047 Bocas 3,023 Gandelaria 436 Cautlmplora 516 Pray Benito 2,663 Gibara City, not given by wards 6, 841 Jobabo 1,266 Potrerillo 920 Gibera District — Continued. Pueblo Nueyo 826 Sama 1,606 Santa Lucia 3,436 Santa Rosalia 873 Tabazon 673 Guantanamo District 28,063 Arroyo Hondo 1,040 Baitiquiri 164 Bano 838 Caimanera 620 Camarones 767 Caridad 516 Casimba 537 CasiseyAbajo 608 Caslsey Arriba 443 Corralillo 652 Caurtro Caminos 441 Glorieta 2,052. Gobiemo 1,219 Guaso 1,514 Hospital 1,694 Jaibo Abajo 320 JaiboArribo 296 Jamaica 2, 151 Lajas 1,371 Macuriges 492 Mercado 915 Ocujal and Buques 90 Palmar 1,165 Palma San Juan 231 Parroquia 1,640 Rastro 831 EioSeco 1,334 Sigual 402 Tiguabo 1,638 Vinculo 754 Yateras 1,651 Ysleta 80 yndios 107 Holguin District 34,506 Aguas Claras 681 Alcala 2,022 AUonsos 1,086 Auras 1,604 Bijaru 2,152 Camazan 1,257 Corralito 1,026 Cuabas 1.223 Holguin City, not given by wards 6, 046 La Caridad 1,063 La Palma 2,10l MalaNocbe 703 Pmnio 980 San Augustin 2,163 San Andres 1,181 San Lorenzo 1,060 San Pedro de Cacocum 1,323 Sao Arriba 1,080 Tacajo 896 Tacamara 832 Onas 1,324 Digitized by Microsoft® 22 OENStrS OF CUBA. PROVINCE OF SANTIAGO— Continued. Holguin District-Continued. Velazco 1.'" Yareyal 927 Jiguanl District 10.^95 Babiney 2,766 Baire.: 2,972 Calabazar 1.026 Jiguani 655 Rinconada 1,012 Santa Rita 839 Ventas 1,226 Manzanillo District 32,288 Bangtuzal 1,040 Calicito 738 Cano 1,112 Congo 796 Dos Cuaitones 643 Esperanza 1,726 Jibacoa 2,024 Manzanillo City, not giyen by wards. 14, 464 Media Luna 3,319 Portillo 440 Tranquilidad 834 Vicana 1,642 Yara 1,234 Zarzal 2,276 Mayari District 8,504 Barajagua 723 Biran 529 Bragnietudos 1,454 Cabonlco 683 Chavaleta 1,230 Chuolio 494 Guayabo 1,393 Sabanilla 177 SanGregorio 1,821 Niquero District 2,718 NiqueroCity 1,560 Velis 580 Cabo Cruz and Pinta de Practico 578 Palma Soriano District 12, 305 CautoAbajo 839 Canto Baire 777 Concepcion 1,526 Dorados ggi Palma Soriano District— Continued. Las CucMIlas 1,988 Palma Soriano 1,776 Remanganaguas 1,688 SanLeandro 1,003 Santo Filomeno 682 Sitio 1,335 Puertx) Padre District 19,984 Arenas 1,U9 Caslmu 1,663 Cautodel Paso 1,600 Chapaira 1,088 Curano 1,000 Maniti 1,064 Maniabon 995 OjodeAgua 1,157 Oriente 2,471 Palmarito 1,072 Playuelas 1,038 San Manuel 2,783 Tunas 663 Vedado 1,200 Yarey 1,231 Sagua de Tanamo District 5,796 Bazan 781 Calabazos , 952 Esteron 545 JnanDiaz 714. Miguel 665 Sagua de Tanajno 1,252 Zabala 887 San LuisDistrict 11,681 Dos Caminos 3,991 LaLuz 618 Monte dos Legnas 2,013 San Luis 5,059 Santiago de Cuba District 45,478 Belen 6,365 Catedral 5,152 Cristo 5,310 Dajoa 1,555 Dolores 9,011 Ramon de las Yagruas 2,388 Santo Tomas 8,036 Trinidad 6,887 Institutions 775 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OP CUBA 23 Table II. CITIES. City. Province. Popula- tion. i^breus ^guacate .. ^Alquizar . . . lAlto Songo. liArtemisa... •'Baracoa — ^Batabano . . ''Bayamo — Bejucal — .Bolondron . fCaibarien SGalabazar , ''Gamajnani ^ Campechuela Cardenafi- ; Ciego de ArOa ilCienfuegoB ^Cifnentes (Cotee ! Colon ' Consolation del Sur. I Corral Falso ' Cristo , . Cruces I Cuevitas , i Daiquiri Encrucljada Esperanza Gibara Guanabacoa Guanajay Guantanamo ....... - Guinea Guira Habana Holguin Jaruco JovellanoB Limonar , Macagua Madruga , Manag:ua Mangulto Manzanillo Marianao Matanzas Maximo Gomez Mayari Helena Moron Niguero Nueva Paz Santa Clara Habana ....do Santiago PinardelRio Santiago Habana Santiago Habana Matanzas do Santa Clara do do Santiago Matanzas Puerto Principe . Santa Clara do Santiago Matanzas Pinardel Rio ... Matanzas Santiago Santa Clara Matanzas Santiago Santa Clara do Santiago Habana PinardelRio Santiago Habana Matanzas Habana Santiago Habana Matanzas do do Habana do Matanzas Santiago Habana Matanzas do , Santiago Habana Puerto Principe . Santiago Habana 1,300 1,655 3,714 3,158 2,312 4,937 1,026 3,022 4,828 2,604 1,721 7,013 1,675 5,082 3,264 21,940 2,919 30,038 1,486 1,028 7,175 3,062 3,823 1,194 4,173 2,634 1,380 1,725 2,177 6,841 13,966 6,483 7,137 8,149 1,676 236,981 6,045 1,139 4,721 2,876 1,467 2,004 1,063 1,534 14,464 5,416 36,374 1,743 1,821 6,016 2,084 1,660 2,294 Digitized by Microsoft® 24 CENSUS OF CUBA. CITIES— Continued. City. Nuevitas Palma Soriano Palmira Perico Pinar del Rio Placitas Puentes Qrandes Puerto Padre Puerto Principe Quemado de Guinea , Quivican Rancho Veloz Eaucliuelo Regla Remedies Rodas Roque Sabanilla Sagua de Tanamo Sagua la Grande San Antonio de los Banos. Sancti Splritus San Felipe San Fernando San Jose de las Lajas San Jose de los Ramos San Juan de las Yeras San Luis Santa Ana Santa Clara Santa Cruz del Sur Santa Fe Santa Ysabel de las Lajas. . Santiago Santiago de las Vegas Santo Domingo Surgidero Trinidad , Vereda Nueva Vinales Vueltas , Yaguajay Yglesia Province. Puerto Principe . Santiago Santa Clara Matanzas Pinar del Rio Santa Clara Habana Santiago Puerto Principe . Santa Clara Habana Santa Clara do Habana Santa Clara do Matanzas do Santiago Santa Clara Habana Santa Clara Habana Santa Clara Habana Matanzas Santa Clara Matanzas Santsi Clara Puerto Principe . Habana Santa Clara Santiago Habana Santa Clara Habana Santa Clara Habana Pinar del Rio Santa Clara do Matanzas o Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OP CUBA, /."'r, ~^ \^-<>~... ■'* / ? * TAKEN UNDEK THE DIRECTION OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT, U. S. A. BXJLLETi]sr isro. II. POPULATION BY AGE, SEX, RACE, NATIVITY, CONJUGAL CONDITION, AND LITERACY. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1900. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® War Department, Cuban Census, Office op the Director, Washington, April 30, 1900. Sir: 1 have the honor to submit herewith' Bulletin No. II, which presents the population of Cuba in the six provinces and the city of Habana, classified by sex, race, and nativity; by age and sex; by con- jugal condition; by birthplace and citizenship; and by literacy, school attendance, and superior education. Table I presents a summary for the entire island of the above facts, followed by Tables II to V, which give them for the six provinces individually and for the city of Habana. Very respectfully, J. P. Sanger, Ins. Genl., Director Censiis of Cvha. Hon. Elihu Root, Seeretary of War, Washington, D. C. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. SEX AND RACE. As appears from Table I, Cuba had 57,613 more males than females, an excess equal to 3.6 per cent of the entire population. In this respect Cuba differs from all the West India islands in the vicinity for which the facts are obtainable, such as Jamaica, Porto Rico, and the Bahamas, and resembles Trinidad and the United States. In Trinidad the excess of males (1891) was 8.2 per cent of the population, while in the United States (1890) it was 2.4 per cent. This excess of males in Cuba was distributed through the provinces as follows: Absolute excess of males. Per cent of total popula- tion. Santa Clara Pinar del Rio Habana Matanzas Puerto Principe . . , Santiago de Cuba . 21, 578 10, 312 19, 176 5,008 1,664 — 25 6.1 6.0 4.5 2.5 1.8 From this table it appears that the excess of males was practically confined to the western half of the island, the four western provinces, and reached its maximum in the two extreme provinces of this half, viz, Santa Clara and Pinar del Rio. On comparing the results of the present census with those of the Spanish census of 1887 the excess of males is seen to have decreased rapidly in twelve years. In 1887 the excess of males in the de jure population was 123,739, while in 1899 it was less than half that amount. During the twelve years the number of males and of females appar- ently changed in opposite directions, that of the females having increased by nearly fifteen thousand (14,924) and that of the males having decreased by over fifty thousand (51,202). Thus the females increased 2 per cent and the males decreased nearly 6 per cent in twelve years. From the time of the first Cuban census in 1775, as quoted by Humboldt, this excess of males has been a constant char- acteristic of the population. Digitized by Microsoft® 6 CENSUS OF CUBA. Some light is thrown upon this excess by an examination of the fig- ures of Table II for birthplace and race. The population is divided there by race into white, negro, mixed, and Chinese, and the first group subdivided into native and foreign whites. The following table shows the excess of males or of females in each of these five groups: Class of population. Excess of— Per cent of excess of— Males. Females. Males. Females. Mixed 19,805 10,842 15,553 7.3 4.6 1 7 Foreign white 89,282 14, 531 62.8 97.8 - The three classes which are entirely or in great part natives of Cuba had a perceptible excess of females, while the two classes of immi- grants had a far greater excess of males. Hence it is clear that the excess of males in Cuba is due to the character of the immigration. NATrVITY AND KACE. The native whites constituted 57.8 per cent, or considerably more than one-half of the population of Cuba. The foreign whites consti- tuted but 9 per cent; the colored, including the negro and mixed ele- ments, amounted only to 32 per cent, or less thail one-third, while the proportion of Chinese was trifling, being less than 1 per cent. In every province the native whites formed a majority of the popula- tion, but in the city of Habana, owing to the large element of foreign birth, they formed a trifle less than one-half, or 49 per cent. The pro- portion of native whites was greatest in the province of Puerto Principe, the sparsely settled, pastoral province, where it reached 75.2 per cent, or more than three-fourths of all the inhabitants. It was next largest in Pinar del Eio, which is mainly a farming province, where it reached 66.5 per cent, or nearly two-thirds. Santa Clara had 60 per cent, Habana, 57.3 per cent, and Matanzas had 50.7 per cent, or but a trifle more than one-half. The proportion of the foreign born ranged from 4 per cent in San- tiago, to 16.2 in Habana province, and even to 22.4 per cent in Ha- bana city. Between a fourth and a fifth of the population of Habana city was of foreign birth. Puerto Principe had a very small foreign element, and in Matanzas and Pinar del Rio it was by no means large. The colored element, including the negro and mixed races, ranged from 20 per cent in Puerto Principe up to 45 per cent in Santiago. It was large in Matanzas, reaching 40 per cent, was 30 per cent in Santa Clara, 27 per cent in Pinar del Rio, and 26 per cent in Habana prov- ince, while the proportion in Habana city was 27.3 per cent. Digitized by Microsoft® fl«|: % CENSUS OF CUBA. 7 The Chinese did not form an element of importance in any of the provinces, but were most numerous in Matanzas, where they formed 2.1 per cent of the population. Chinese immigration into Cuba began in 1847, and in 1861 there were 34,834 Chinese in the island, of whom 57 were women. Their gradual disappearance from Cuba has been attributed to the physical superiority of the native Cuban, the low wages paid to them, the suppression of negro slavery, and the frequent insurrections and disturbances of the people. The great disparity in the proportion of males and females is proba- bly due to the restrictions of the Spanish laws, under which Chinese women were not allowed to land in Cuba, and to the Chinese law for- bidding the emigration of women, although, as is well known to those who have traveled throughout the United States, more especially in California, this law has not been enforced. AGE. In Table III the ages of the population by sex are presented for each province and the city of Habana in five age groups— to 4, 5 to 17, 18 to 20, 21 to 44, 45-f . The number under 5 years of age was 8.3 per cent of the whole, while in Jamaica in 1891 it was 13 per cent, in the Barbados 13.6, and in the United States in 1890 it was 12.2. The last time the population of Cuba was counted with distinction of age was in the Spanish census of 1861, and at that time the age groups recog- nized were under 1, 1 to 7, 8 to 15, etc. But from those figures it is possible to estimate, approximately, the number of children in Cuba under 5 in 1861, and the result reached is over 12 per cent of the total population. Assuming this to be under ordinary conditions the nor- mal ratio in Cuba, the deficiency of about 60,000 children under 5, shown by the present census, must be attributed to the events of the last five years in the island. The ratio of children under 5 to the total population by provinces is shown in the following table: Province. Per cent of popula- tion un- der 5. Province. Per cent of popula- tion un- der 5. Puerto Principe 11.1 9.8 9.1 Matanzas 7 9 Santiago Santa Clara 7 4 Pinar del Rio. Habana 7 3 This indicates the provinces in which recent events have most reduced the proportion of children. From Table III the returns for Habana province may be further analyzed into those for the city of Habana and those for the rest of the district. In Habana city the population Digitized by Microsoft® 8 CENSUS OF CUBA. under 5 was 7.6 per cent of the total, while in the rest of the district it was only 7.3 per cent. Turning to the other end of life, the proportion of persons over 45 in Cuba was also small. The per cent of the population belonging to this group was 14.2, while in the United States it was 17.2. But this rela- tively small number of elderly persons in Cuba is not a new charactel-is- tic. Indeed, in 1861 the proportion was somewhat less. It probably results mainly from, and is an index of, unsanitary conditions, ignor- ance regarding care of the health, and poverty, all of which are widely prevalent among certain classes in the island. These causes cooper- ate to produce a short average duration of life and consequently a small proportion of elderly persons. But these causes, while prob- ably the leading ones, have perhaps been reenforced by another, the depletion of the age class of over 45 among the foreign born through a current of emigrants returning to Spain, China, or elsewhere, after their work in Cuba is over. In the per cent of its population over 46, Cuba, with about one-third colored, holds an intermediate position between the white and the colored population of the United States, as appears from the following summary. Per cent of popula- tion, 45+. United States, white. . Cuba United States, colored 17.5 14.2 13.3 The percentages of the population in Cuba, 18 to 20 and 21 to 44, were about the same as in the United States. But, as the proportions of young and of old were both decidedly less than in the United States, this diflference must be counterbalanced somewhere, and over four-fifths of it is found in the age group 6 to 17. In Cuba these persons of school age were 36.2 per cent of the entire population, while in the United States they were only 29. 6 per cent. In other words, a population which in the United States would include 100 children of school age would include in Cuba 119 such children. These children represent the sur- vivors of those born in Cuba between 1882 and 1894, together with a negligible number of immigrants. The figures in Table III enable one to study the per cent of children of school age by provinces with the following result: Province. Santiago Puerto Principe Pinar del Rio. . . Santa Clara Per cent of popu- lation, 5 to 17. 40.2 38.7 37.4 35.6 Province. Habana (excluding Habana city) Matanzas Habana Habana city Per cent of popu- lation, 5 to 17. 34.3 33.3 30.1 26.6 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OP CUBA. 9 The per cent of children of school age varied from one-fourth to two-fifths, being at its lowest point in the capital city and at its highest in the eastern half of the island. CITIZENSHIP. Of the population of Cuba 89 per cent were born in the island, 8 per cent in Spain, and only 3 per cent in other countries. Those born in Cuba, of course, included not only native whites, but negroes and mixed. The proportion was greatest in the province of Santiago, where it reached 95 per cent, and was least in the city of Habana, where only a little over three-fourths of the inhabitants were native born. Three-fourths of the foreign born were of Spanish birth. The proportion of those born in Spain was naturally greatest in the city of Habana, where it reached nearly 20 per cent of all the inhabitants, and was least in the province of Santiago. In the matter of citizenship, 83 per cent of the population claimed Cuban citizenship, only 1 per cent the protection of Spain, while 11 per cent were, at the time of the census, in suspense, not having declared their intentions. Five per cent of the population claimed citizenship other than Cuban or Spanish. The purest Cuban citizen- ship was found in the province of Santiago, where 91.7 per cent of the inhabitants claimed to be citizens of Cuba. On the other hand, in the city of Habana only 64.2 per cent were Cuban citizens. It is interest- ing to note that in the city of Habana only 5.3 per cent of the inhab- itants claimed citizenship other than Cuban or Spanish, while in the province of Habana 11.6 per cent were found in this class. CONJUGAL CONDITION. Reference to Tables I and III shows that more than seventy (70.5) per cent of the population of Cuba were reported by the present census as single, while in Spain at the census of 1887 the per cent was 54.6, and in the United States in 1890 it was less than sixty (59.3). No countries in Europe, and few elsewhere, have so large a proportion of single. But the per cent reported in Cuba by the census of 1861 was much higher, 80 for the whole population and 90 for the colored alone. The other West India Islands also have a very high proportion of single. Examples are Porto Rico (1887), 76 per cent; Jamaica (1891), 77.5 per cent; Trinidad (1891), 82.1 per cent; Barbados (1891), 77 per cent. The decrease in the per cent of single since 1861 is due mainly to the recognition in the present census of a class of persons living together as husband and wife by mutual consent. All such persons were classed in the census of 1861 as single, but the American law, where it has jurisdiction over similar relations, usually treats them as cases of lawful wedlock. Digitized by Microsoft® 10 CENSUS OF CUBA. That the per cent of single varied but little between the six provinces is clearly shown by the following table: Pinar del Rio Santiago Matanzas Per cent single in total pop- ulation. 71.9 71.9 71.1 Province. Santa Clara Puerto Principe Habana Per cent single in total pop- ulation. 70.9 70.7 68.2 The only obvious inference from the foregoing is that there was a noticeable difference between Habana and the other five provinces, the per cent of single in Habana being decidedly smaller than elsewhere. But as the per cent of persons under 17 in Habana was also small, it does not yet appear whether the per cent of single among those of marriageable age in that province was smaller than elsewhere. The number of persons in Cuba who were either married or cohabit- ing as husband and wife is rather less than one-fourth (24.1 per cent) of the total population. In the United States, as a whole, it was 35.7 per cent, and in the division of the United States with the lowest figures, Arizona, itwg,s 30.7. No European country has so small a pro- portion of married as Cuba. The six provinces differed by only 2.2 per cent from the lowest, Pinar del Rio (22.9 per cent married), to the highest, Habana (25 per cent married). Passing to an examination of the separate returns for the married and the unions not sanctioned by Cuban law, it appears that in gen- eral where one was more common the other was less common. This will be seen on an examination of the following table: Province. Per cent of popu- lation married. Per cent of popu- lation living to- gether by mutual consent. Total. Puerto Principe 19.6 18.3 16.0 15.7 18.4 12.3 8.9 6.8 7.5 7.2 10.4 12.1 23 5 25 1 Santa Clara 23 5 Pinar del Eio r Matanzas 23 8 Santiago de Cuba 24 4 Where marriage was less frequent cohabitation by mutual consent was more frequent, and the differences between the total amount of the two modes of life in the several provinces, as shown in the last column, were far less than the differences between the provinces in respect to either, as shown in the other two columns. The explanation usually given for this large number of people living Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. H together as man and wife without being lawfully married is the high fees heretofore charged for canonical marriages, the only kind per- mitted to Roman Catholics, and the difficulty of complying with the provisions of the Spanish civil and ecclesiastical codes. SCHOOL ATTENDANCE AND EDUCATION. That the children between 5 and 17 were much more numerous in Cuba than in the United States has already been mentioned; but when these "schoolable" children are compared with those who actually attended school at any time during the year preceding the census, as may be done by combining figures of Table I, the following result is obtained: Cuba: Children 5 to 17 years old 552 923 Persons who attended school 90 072 Per cent who attended school 16. 3 About one-sixth of all the children in Cuba between 5 and 17 attended school during 1899. By combining the figures in Tables III and V, the same method has been applied to the several provinces and the city of Habana with the following results: Division of Cuba. Num- ber of children 5 to 17. Number who at- tended school. Per cont who at- tended school. 62,833 20,673 33.0 127,689 30,873 242 67,469 15,469 23.0 64,856 10,200 16.7 127, 089 20,301 16.0 34,137 4,398 12.9 131,888 14,268 10.8 64,656 4,783 7.4 Per cent urban. Habana city Habana Province Matanzas Province Habana Province, excluding Habana city Santa Clara Puerto Principe Santiago de Cuba Pinar del Kio 100.0 66.4 28.8 22.1 22.5 28.4 17.5 5.1 The last column, introduced from Bulletin No. 1, page 12, shows that the per cent of children who attended school varies quite uniformly with the per cent of urban population, and suggests that the school system of Cuba is far more adequate in cities than in rural districts. In Table V the population is divided into two classes — those over 10 and those under 10. It is assumed that ordinarily persons who learn to read and write do so before they reach the age of 10. There are 1,216,810 persons over 10 in Cuba, and of these probably rather more than tw(J=fif ths, i. e. , those reported literate plus those who attended school during the year, 43.3 per cent, could read, and rather less than three-fifths (56.7 per cent) could not. This division of the population into those above 10 and those below 10, while regularly made in the American census, is lacking in Spanish census returns, which reported simply the illiterates, regardless of age. Digitized by Microsoft® 12 CENSUS OF CUBA. In order to compare the returns of this census with earlier ones it is necessary to estimate how many under 10 in 1899 were unable to read. A rough approximation may be found by assuming that all under 10 who did not attend school during the year 1898-99 could not read. On this assumption the total number of illiterates of all ages was 1,004,884 (i. e., 688,555 + 316,329). In the following table this esti- mate is compared with the figures for two recent censuses of Cuba (the only ones available which give illiteracy figures): Date of census. Total population. Number unable to read. Per cent unable to read. 1861 1,396,530 1,631,687 1,572,797 1,128,293 1,179,357 (?) 1,004,884 81.0 1887 ' 72.3 1899 63.9 In thirty-eight years the illiterates in Cuba decreased from over four- fifths to about two-thirds of the total population. Table V makes it possible to give the figures for illiteracy among persons over 10 by provinces, and here, too, the percentages of urban population have been introduced: Per cent of urban pop- ulation (8,000+) in province. Habana Puerto Principe Matanzas Santa Clara Santiago Pinardel Rio... 65.4 28.4 28.8 22.5 17.5 5.1 A similar inference to one already made may be drawn from these figures, that illiteracy is especially prevalent in the rural communities of Cuba. Table I. — Summary for the entire island. RACE, NATIVITY, AND SEX. Total population 1, 572, 797 Male 815,205 Female 757,592 Native white 910 : Male 447,373 Female 462,926 Foreign white 142, 198 Male Female . 115,740 26, 458 Colored 520,300 Negro 234,638 Male 111,898 Female 122, 740 Mixed 270,805 Male 125,500 Female 145,305 Chinese 14,857 Male Female . 14,694 163 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. 13 AGE AND SEX. Under 5 years of age 130, 878 Male 65,904 Female 64, 974 B to 17 years 552,928 Male 276,881 Female 276, 047 18 to 20 years Ill, 575 Male Female . 21 to 44 . Male Female . 45 years and over. Male Female . CONJUGAL CONDITION. Single 1,108,709 I Living together. Married 246,361 Widowed . 54,427 57,148 553,922 297,765 256,157 223,494 120,228 '103,266 131,787 85,112 BIRTHPLACE. Cuba 1,400,262 I Other countries... Spain 129,240 I CITIZENSHIP. Cuban 1,296,367 I In suspense Spanish 20,478 | Other citizenship. SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, ILLITERACY, AND SUPERIOR EDUCATION. Under 10 years of age. Attended school . . 10 years of age and over 1 Attended school Can neither read nor write Have superior education 43,207 175,811 79,525 356,987 40,658 215,810 49,414 688,556 19,158 Table II. — Sex, general nativity, and color, by provinces. Habana. Habana city. Matan- zas. Pinar del Rio. Puerto Principe. Santa Clara. Santiago. Total population 424,804 236,981 202,444 173,064 88,234 366,536 327, 715 Males - 221,990 202,814 123,258 112,723 103,726 98,718 91,688 81,376 44, 899 43,336 189,057 167,479 163,845 163,870 Females . Native white 243,619 116,632 102, 682 114, 907 66,349 214,946 167,797 Males.... 116,838 126, 781 62, 940 62,692 50,324 62,358 58,573 56,334 32,576 33,774 106,771 108,174 82,292 Females 85,605 Foreign white 68,971 62,901 15,235 10; 718 4,038 29,823 13,413 Males 54,162 14,809 41,190 11,711 11,860 3,385 9,447 1,271 3,499 639 26,336 4,487 11,446 Females 1,967 Negro ... 54,849 28,760 47,793 28,811 6,975 48,524 47,686 Males 23, 892 30,967 11,212 17,638 22,389 25,404 14,495 14,316 3,590 3,385 24,717 23,807 22,815 Females 24,871 Mixed 63,479 36,004 32,528 18,025 10,400 58,060 98,323 Males.... 23,293 30, 186 15,179 20,825 14,964 17,564 8,698 9,427 4,773 5,627 27,061 30,989 46,811 Females . 51,612 Chinese 3,886 2,794 4,206 603 472 6,194 496 Hales 3,805 81 2,737 57 4,199 7 575 28 462 10 5,172 22 481 Females 15 Digitized by Microsoft® 14 CENSUS OF CUBA. Table III. — Age and sex and conjugal condition, by provinces. Habana. Habana city. Matan- zas. Pinar del Bio. Puerto Principe. Santa Clara. Santiago. Under 6 years 30,897 17,791 16,068 15,814 9,842 26,101 32,156 Males.. 15,312 15,586 8,700 9,091 8,073 7,995 8,133 7,681 6,054 4,788 13,068 13,043 16,274 15,882 127,689 62,833 67,469 64,656 34,137 127,089 131,888 Males 63,562 64,127 30,616 32,218 33,530 33,939 32,741 31,916 17,197 16,940 63,637 63,462 66,214 65,674 18 to 20 years 31,581 16,690 14,055 14,226 6,194 24,966 21,664 Males 16,069 15,512 8,638 8,052 6,628 7,527 7,064 7,162 2,467 2,727 12,249 12,706 10,060 11,514 21 to 44 years . 173,081 102,404 69,659 59,669 26,480 127,367 98,676 Males 95,678 77,503 67,382 45,022 35,690 33,969 32,725 26,944 13,031 12,449 70,937 56,420 49,804 48,872 45 years and over 61,556 36,263 35,193 18,699 13,681 51,034 43,431 31,469 30,087 17,923 18,340 19,905 15,288 11,026 7,674 7,150 6,431 29,176 21,868 Females Single 289,770 77,546 28,730 28,612 146 160,780 42,071 18,253 14,799 78 143,988 27,087 20,997 10,034 338 124,482 27,100 12,386 8,964 132 62,369 17,210 3,505 5,129 21 262,767 56,926 26,607 20,110 137 ~ - - ' Living together as husband Widowed 40,483 39,562 Unknown 12,263 64 Table IV. — Birthplace and citizenship, by promnces. Bom in Cuba Bom in Spain Born in other countries Unknown Citizens of Cuba Citizens of Spain Citizenship in suspense. Other citizenship Unknown habana, 349, 122 61,487 14,107 309, 533 8,937 89,255 16,908 171 Habana city. 178,670 46,865 10,456 161,553 7,713 64,126 12,545 44 Matan- zas. 178,524 14, 127 9,793 162,901 2,483 13,282 23,464 314 Plnar del Rio. 160,450 10,254 2,360 147, 974 1,683 20,308 3,072 27 Puerto Principe. 82,982 3,695 1,657 77,073 1,5^3 7,365 2,225 Santa Clara. 317,243 28,398 10,896 298,681 3,464 26,920 27,541 Santiago. 311,941 11,379 4,396 300,305 2,368 18,691 6,315 36 Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF CUBA. 15 Table V. — School attendance, literary and superior educaiion, by -promncen. Habana. Habana city. Matan- iias. Pinar del Rio. Puerto Principe. Santa Clara. Santiago. 79,728 42,111 43,147 42,757 24,448 77,209 14,662 65,076 345,076 9,881 32,230 6,698 36,449 1,754' 41,003 2,196 22,252 8,897 68,312 Did not attend school 83,237 10 years of age and over 193,870 159,297 130,307 63,786 279,327 238,017 16,221 133,567 11,630 183,021 637 10,792 48,122 7,822 127,039 95 8,761 95,324 4,705 50,229 278 3,029 99,246 1,583 26,318 131 2,202 32,440 2,528 26,458 158 11,404 171,305 8,008 88,490 120 7,797 156,673 4,549 68,910 88 Can neither read nor write . Can read, but can not write Can read and write Not stated Have superior education Have not superior education . . 9,097 415,707 7,282 228,699 2,613 199, 831 746 172,318 1,482 86,752 1,977 354,559 3,248 324,472 o Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® CENSUS OF 46 x,357 2,788 89 5, 190 284 Whites j Whites born in t born in Cuba, ; Spain. 1, 151 3,068 1,015 14 1,501 i 538 '. 289 808 46 8,205 2.736 87 5,106 277 Whites boni In other countries. Colored. 52 I 1,141 25 19 ! 6 1,537 631 28 The total number of males 21 years of age and over in this prov- ince, was 71,307, or 22 per cent of the population of the province. This "number was composed — First, of white persons born in Cuba, to the number of 31,496, or 44 per cent of all, nearly all of these being Cuban citizens; Second, of whites of Spanish birth, numbering 9,421, or 13 per cent of all; of this number much the larger proportion were in sus- pense as to their future citizenship; Third, whites born in other countries, to the number of 1,162, or 2 per cent of all; and. Fourth, colored, including black, mixed, and Chinese, to the number of 29,228, which formed 41 per cent of the total number of voting age, most of whom were of Cuban birth and Cuban citizenship. The total number of Cuban citizens was 58,722, or 82 per cent of all males over 21 years of age. This was composed of 31,056 whites and 27,666 colored. Of the total number of Cuban citizens 38,981, or 66 per cent, were unable to read; of the white Cuban citizens 61 per cent and of the colored Cuban citizens 72 per cent were illiterate. Spanish citizens numbered 1,160, or 2 per cent of all. The illiter- ates among them numbered 291, forming 25 per cent. Those in sus- pense were mainly of Spanish birth, numbering 8,357, or 12 per cent of all males over 21 years of age. Among these the illiterates num- bered 2,788, or 33 per cent. The number of persons who were citizens of other countries than Cuba or Spain, or whose citizenship was unknown, numbered 3,068, forming 4 per cent of all. Of these 1,015, or 33 per cent, were unable to read or write. Digitized by Microsoft® 17 The total number of males of voting age who were able to read was 28,232, or 40 per cent of all males of voting age. Of these 19,741, or 70 per cent, were Cuban citizens. The following table brings together the proportion which the males of voting age bear to the population in the several provinces and the city of Habana, the proportion being least in the province of San- tiago and greatest in the city of Habana: Proportion of males of voting age to population. Province. Per cent. Santiago Puerto Principe Pinar del Eio Habana, excluding city. Matanzas ... Santa Clara. Habana city 27.5 28 32 The following table brings together the proportion of the literate males of voting age who were born in Cuba to all literate males, of voting age in the several provinces and the city of Habana. It is seen that this proportion is least in Habana city, where less that half the literate voters are of Cuban birth, and is greatest in Puerto Principe, where they constitute more than three-fourths. Proportion of literate males of voting age who were bom in Cuba, to all literate males of voting age. Province. Province. Per cent. Habana city.. Plnar del Rio. Matanzas Santa Clara. . . 22699— No. in- Habana, excluding city Santiago Puerto Principe 66 70 76 o Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® mSfdM^^ ww^mp^ ^m \mm^^^mm ifiliiiii '■-A ''§§Mi^i^fMyf?MMmm^:- liSftiilT^tji'rf'Sft'f 'SI-f"S.t ' f