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Cornell University 
 Library 
 
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 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029631102 
 
THE BOOKS OF WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
THE BOOKS OF 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS 
 
 DESCRIBED 
 
 WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF HIS 
 
 DOINGS IN LITEEATUEE AND IN THE 
 
 ALLIED CEAFTS 
 
 BY 
 
 H. BUXTON FORMAN, C.B., 
 
 Author of " Our Living Poets," " The SHELLEi' 
 
 Library," Ere, and Editor of the Works 
 
 OF Shelley and Keats 
 
 LONDON 
 Frank Hollings, 7 Great Turnstile, Holborn 
 
 1897 
 
DEDICATION TO MAURICE BUXTON FORMAN 
 OF CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA. 
 
 Dear Son, — In this poor gift there's fitness ; 
 
 For when into the world you came. 
 You got — and let this leaf bear witness — 
 
 A twice associated name. 
 
 Our well-belov'd friend Bucke's prenomen 
 We gave you — and the letters show it : 
 
 Still, we'd an eye upon the omen 
 
 That that same name described a poet. 
 
 'Tis naught but simple truth I'm telling — 
 Two sponsors' names in one we found, 
 
 With some slight difference in the spelling 
 And none whatever in the sound. 
 
 While yet a lad you loved to walk about 
 The book-room mingling lore with chaff; 
 
 And well you knew some tomes I talk about 
 In this my biobibliograph. 
 
 Later, the "midnight lamp" has seen us 
 In that same book-room all alone ; 
 
 But since the Atlantic heaved between us 
 Those Morris rows have grown and grown ; 
 
 And still with every teeming year 
 
 That made the listening world his debtor 
 
 I grew to hold the man more dear 
 And ever loved the poet better. 
 
 (Ah ! Morris, it was well to know you — 
 Whatever comes of it, it was well — 
 
 Though dry the sprigs of bay I throw you, 
 Right fain were I to be your Boswell !) 
 
 So long, dear Boy ! The ship's in port 
 That scores the Atlantic east and west ; 
 
 Those rollers huge she'll make her sport. 
 And bring you this at my behest. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Preface ....... xiii 
 
 Introduction : The Life Poetic as lived by Morris . 3 
 
 Beginnings : The Oxfoed and Cambridge Magazine, 
 
 Sir Galahad, The Defence of Guenevere &c. . 21 
 
 Queen Square : Jason, The Earthly Paradise, Sagas 45 
 
 Horrington House : Love is Enough, Sagas, Virgil, 
 The Two Sides op the Eivee &c., Sigued the 
 Volsung . . . . . .79 
 
 Kelmscott House : Lectures, Letters &c. on Public Ques- 
 tions . . . . . . .93 
 
 Socialism : Lectures, Poems, Articles, Treatises, Prefaces 
 
 and Newspapers .... 107 
 
 Signs of Change : John Ball, The House op the 
 Wolpings, The Eoots op the Mountains, News 
 FEOM Nowhere ..... 137 
 
 The Kelmscott Press and the Editiones Principes issued 
 
 from it ...... 155 
 
 Appendix : Additional Information, including Lists of 
 Contributions to Periodicals &c., of Lectures and 
 Addresses reported, and of the Kelmscott Publica- 
 tions ....... 195 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Portrait of Morris from a Photograph by HoUyer Frontispiece 
 
 Design for letter "h" of the Golden type, opposite page 14 
 
 Specimens of the three Kelmscott Founts „ ,, ,, 
 Book-mark used in the smaller Kelmscott 
 
 Volumes , „ „ 
 
 Book-mark used in the Beowulf and other 
 
 large Kelmscott Volumes . • ,, ,, 15 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Sir Galahad, a Cheistmas Mysteey, bound in Morocco 
 
 by Eiviere . . . . . .20 
 
 Typographical border and Ornamental Letters from 
 
 Oxford and Cambridge Magazine . . .22 
 
 Heading and Ornamental Letters from Oxford and 
 
 Cambridge Magazine . . . .24 
 
 The Wood-cut or Book-mark made for The Earthly 
 
 Paradise . . . . . .44 
 
 The Debased Eeproduction of the same . . .49 
 
 Frontispiece to the Boston (Mass.) Lovers of Gudeun 61 
 Kelmscott House from a Drawing by H. J. Howard . 92 
 The Wrapper of Principles of Socialism as designed 
 
 by Morris for the First Edition . . . 104 
 
 The same as re-arranged for the later Issues . . 105 ' 
 
 Heading for The Commonweal designed by Morris with 
 
 Willow Back-ground ..... 112 
 Freedom, Equality, Fraternity : Heading for The 
 
 Commonweal designed by Walter Crane . . 113 
 
 Educate, Agitate, Organize : Heading for Publications 
 
 of the Socialist League, designed by Walter Crane . 113 
 
xii Illustrations. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Labour and Justice : Heading for Publications of the 
 Hammersmith Socialist Society, designed by Walter 
 Crane . . . . . . .113 
 
 Card of Membership designed by Walter Crane for the 
 
 Hammersmith Branch of the Socialist League . 122 
 
 Alfred Linnell killed in Trafalgar Square : Memorial 
 
 Design by Walter Crane .... 129 
 
 Portrait Book-Plate designed by Walter Crane for the 
 Hammersmith Branch of the Socialist League to 
 insert in a Set of Books presented to Morris's 
 Daughter May on her marriage to H. Halliday 
 Sparling . . . . . .136 
 
 Labour's May-Day : Cartoon by Walter Crane, as reduced 
 
 for Frontispiece of News fkom Nowhbkb . . 147 
 
 Verso Title-page or Frontispiece designed by Morris for 
 the Illustrated Quarto Edition of The Glittering 
 Plain ....... 154 
 
 No. 14 Upper Mall, Hammersmith (The Kelmscott Press), 
 
 from a Drawing by H. J. Howard . . . 155 
 
 Verso Title-page or Frontispiece designed by Morris for 
 
 The Tale of King Floeus and the Fair Jehanb 173 
 
 St. George and the Dragon : Monogram Book-mark of 
 
 Mr. George Allen, designed by Walter Crane . 176 
 
 Europa and the Bull : Monogram Book-mark of Messrs. 
 
 Lawrence and Bullen, designed by Walter Crane . 178 
 
 Eeduced Fac-simile from Holograph First Draft of The 
 
 Well at the World's End . . . 185 
 
 Ornamental Initial Word designed by Morris for The 
 
 Well at the World's End . . . 187 
 
 Ornamental Initial Word designed by Morris for the 
 
 Kelmscott Folio Chaucer .... 189 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 rpHE objects of the present ivorh may he stated in few words. 
 Convinced that " the luorld of books is still," of all worlds 
 in which an artist is privileged to live, the most " living world," 
 I have thought that a true presentment of the man would be the 
 natural result of setting forth in a connected narrative the 
 public appearances of Morris in literature, from the time when, 
 as an undergraduate, he founded and maintained The Oxfoed 
 AND Cambridge Magazine, to the quite recent date on ivhich 
 his trustees issued the last but one of the posthtimous writings 
 destined to come from his Kelmscott Press. It is a great record 
 as well as a long one. It is one in connexion ivith which the 
 student and collector of this latter end of the nineteenth century 
 is entitled to look for exact bibliographical knowledge ; and I 
 have tried to weave that knowledge into the thread of the 
 narrative in such a manner as to present, with the aid of typo- 
 graphical arrangejnents and some pictorial illustration, a true 
 piortraiture of each hook, and always with the hope that some- 
 u'here in the vicinity of such portraiture there ivill he something 
 ivritten or depicted to conjure up in the reader's eye at least the 
 shadoiuij image of the man who lives in each and all of Morris's 
 many books. 
 
 With that aim, it seemed best to begin by giving a sum- 
 mary appreciation of the facts of his public life. Apart from 
 his doings in literature, which it is the main purpose of the 
 
xiv Preface. 
 
 follmving 'pages to record and illustrate, the epochs of his life are 
 so many important chapters in the history of arts and crafts in 
 England, and in the social and political movement which is still 
 going on for the benefit of the handicraftsman. It will not he for 
 me to deal at large with the period when he started his business 
 undertaking on (esthetic grounds to reform our vieivs of colour, 
 curve, line, texture — in a word, our tastes — or to show how this 
 threw him into those relations tuith handicraftsmen which could 
 lead his generous heart but one way— to make the handicrafts- 
 man's life joyful, as his was joyful ; for what man ever so joyed, 
 so revelled, in tiuenty different methods of work as William 
 Morris did ? Others will doubtless tell how, in developing his 
 vieivs for the workmen, he enlarged his scope ; hoiv from import 
 ing rough but comely pottery out of France, he got to influencing 
 the manufacture and securing the distribution of de Morgan lustre 
 — a lost art revived; how from bringing home Eastern carpets 
 he grew to see that, after all, these lucre not the fittest and best 
 for our Western civilization, and how he set up his dye-works 
 and looms and made fabrics and carpets which loill influence the 
 taste of the Western world when he has been dead a century. 
 More important still ivill be the history of how he entered into 
 the practical side of the Socialist propaganda and went on 
 fearlessly till convinced, not that heirould come to harm — for he 
 had always all to lose and notJiing to gain — but that "ructions 
 with police," as he phrased it, would injure tlie cause. And 
 history will have to tell sooner or later the tale of his seeing 
 ivhat a base, mechanical thing was become this great art of 
 printing of ours, and of his setting up the Kelmscott Press, to 
 issue books in which every letter should be beautiful. But I 
 cannot help recalling here that, just as his friends and dependents 
 were layitig hijn to rest in the quiet little Oxfordshire village 
 which gives that press its name, the fortunate possessors of the 
 great folio Chaucer edited by his old friend Frederick Ellis and 
 beautified by the stately and profoundly sympathetic pictures of 
 
Preface. xv 
 
 his older friend Sir Edivard Burne-Jones, were turning in 
 wonder the pages of one of the noblest books ever printed. It is 
 some satisfaction to remember that the brave man and great artist 
 luho crammed the joyous labour of three life-times into sixty-tico 
 years and a half, talcing the rough luith the smooth to benefit 
 his humbler felloiv-craftsmen, saw with his eyes this crowning 
 work of inany applied arts and crafts before he entered into 
 his rest. 
 
 For much information cheerfully supplied, for drawings or 
 blocks lent for purposes of illustration, for permission to use 
 copyright designs or works, my thanks are due to many friends 
 and correspondents. WithoiU attempting to allocate each par- 
 ticular obligation, I will record my gratitude to Mrs. Sparling, 
 Mr. Frederick S. Ellis, Mr. Sidney Gockerell, Mr. Walter 
 Crane, Mr. Emery Walker, Dr. Bichard Garnett, Canon JR. W. 
 Dixon, Judge Lushingtoii, Mr. Clement Shorter, Mr. Thomas J. 
 Wise, Mr. F. Hollyer, Mr. William Beeves, Mr. G. B. Shaw, 
 Mr. H. M. Hyridman, Mr. Edward Bell, Mr. A. II. Bullen, Mr. 
 Gilbert Ellis, Mr. Walter A. Brook, Messrs. Roberts Brothers 
 of Boston, Mass., and the Proprietors of the Ghisiuick Press. I 
 feel that this imperfect list does not include all of those who 
 have kindly answered letters about details dealt with in the follow- 
 ing pages ; and I beg that all, whether named or unnamed, will 
 accept my cordial thanks. 
 
 H. BUXTON FOBMAN. 
 
 46, Marlborough Sill, St. John's Wood, 
 SI October 1897. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 THE LIFE POETIC AS LIVED BY 
 WILLIAM MORRIS 
 
INTKODUCTION. 
 
 The Life Poetic as lived by William Moeeis. 
 
 IT was at Walthamstow in Essex, on the 24:th of March 1834, 
 that the Welsh child destined to become the great artist 
 and reformer whose doings are the subject of this book first 
 saw the light. His father was a London merchant, who by 
 fortunate investments became wealthy ; and to him it may be 
 that William Morris was indebted for that capacity for affairs 
 which he somehow had, whether born in the blood or not. 
 How his early years were passed it is for other hands to record 
 in due time and with due authority. It is said that he enjoyed 
 great freedom as a boy, had the run of Epping Forest and 
 grew to love it, and rode about the country on his pony, follow- 
 ing up a constant quest for old churches — for already the love 
 of architecture was strong in him — and mixing freely with 
 stablemen and others of like rank, from whom he probably 
 learnt a great deal more good than harm. He did not attach 
 much importance to his schooling ; but certain it is that 
 Marlborough and Oxford (Exeter College) have the honour of 
 his conventional training. It was at Oxford that he got to 
 know his future partner, Faulkner, and Burne-Jones, through 
 whom, later, he became acquainted with Dante Gabriel Eossetti. 
 But he must have been getting his special mental education in 
 his own way long before he left Oxford, for The Oxford and 
 Cambridge Magazine, published monthly during the year 1856, 
 teems with work from his " prentice hand," saturated with 
 medievalism. It was also in 1856 that he was articled to the 
 late George Edmund Street, the renowned architect : his early 
 sympathies with what is noblest in architecture may be traced 
 in his remarkable literary work of this period, preserved in the 
 periodical already named, in which he was associated with 
 
 1—2 
 
4 The Life Poetic 
 
 several brilliant young contemporaries. The Oxford and Gam- 
 bridge Magazine is credibly stated bo have been practically 
 founded, and supported so far as funds are concerned, by 
 Morris, although it was not he, but Mr. Fulford, who edited it. 
 It contains poems by Morris, critical papers, and a series of 
 notable prose stories. It is in some of these that he showed, 
 in a dreamy and sensitive way, that keen sympathy with the 
 craftsmen of the Middle Ages which in later years led him 
 into the eager polemics of that practical undertaking the 
 Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings — dreaded, 
 though never sufficiently dreaded, by the destructive Philis- 
 tine. Those early stories, though crude in form, bear unmis- 
 takable marks of genius ; and no man of judgment reading 
 them as the work of a youth of one or two and twenty could 
 hesitate to predict for that youth a literary career of no 
 ordinary kind. But if these romantic tales, one of which is 
 so recklessly fanciful as to make a dead man the chronicler of 
 his own experiences, were sound material for prophesying good 
 concerning Morris, still more so was his first volume of poetry. 
 The Defence of Guenevere and other Poems, issued in 1858. 
 This, by the way, includes the little privately printed Sir 
 Galahad, figuring between the magazine and the book in the 
 chronological account further on. In the whole volume the life 
 of our medieval ancestors is depicted with a sympathetic insight 
 perhaps unparalleled. The reading of Malory and Froissart 
 has stirred to its depths a receptive artist -nature of the 
 rarest kind ; and a strength of hand equal to that receptive- 
 ness has produced at the age of twenty-four work that must 
 stand or fall with English literature. Sir Peter Harpdon's 
 End, The Haystack in the Floods, Shameful Death, and other 
 pieces in the volume, would be known anywhere as the work 
 of a master. Some poems in the book are immature in crafts- 
 manship ; but not one shows defective intuition. 
 
 Morris did not remain with Street for the full term of his 
 articles, but made a practical start in a less restricted line than 
 that of architecture. Before he had established himself in 
 literature with the public as distinguished from the few " who 
 know," he had taken the leading part in founding an under- 
 taking then deemed to be somewhat quixotic, but none the 
 less destined to be an important factor in the developement of 
 English taste. It was the author of The Defence of Guenevere 
 
as lived by Morris. r> 
 
 whose name figured in the style of the firm of fine - ait 
 decorators, Morris, Marshall, Faulkner and Co., who began 
 more than a quarter of a century ago an attempt to reform 
 English taste, and make people furnish and decorate their 
 abodes with things beautiful instead of things hideous. This 
 enterprise, in which the late Dante Gabriel Eossetti, the late 
 Ford Madox Brown, and Sir Edward Burne-Jones were 
 associated, was ultimately and up to Morris's death, conducted 
 under his name only, with the simplified commercial style of 
 " Morris and Co.'' It may fairly claim the principal place 
 among the agencies which have brought about a great and 
 favourable change in the style of our domestic decoration and 
 in our taste for colour. The so-called aesthetic movement was 
 a mere bastard oif-shoot of this genuine reform ; but the 
 reform itself is still going on steadily, notwithstanding the 
 transient reflected ridicule which it incurred through the 
 gauche eccentricities of its by-blow. Those who remember the 
 arrival from Paris of the fine colours (since nicknamed 
 " sesthetic "), which superseded in women's attire the crude 
 horrors affected by the last generation, may be pleased to 
 doubt the credit given above to Morris in this matter. Never- 
 theless, the truth is that the French milliners, who sent those 
 colours hither to our women, got them from Morris's uphol- 
 stery stuffs. ' 
 
 The year 1867 must be set down as that in which Morris 
 established himself with the public as a poet who had mastered 
 the tale-teller's craft. In that year appeared The Life and 
 Death of Jason, a narrative poem in seventeen books, written 
 in five-foot iambic couplets of the Chaucerian model, as dis- 
 tinguished from the Waller- Dryden-Pope distich. Indeed, 
 Chaucer was the acknowledged master of Morris at this time, 
 and is recalled to the reader's recollection in the next work. 
 The Earthly Paradise, of which the first instalment appeared 
 in 1868, and the last in 1870. In that treasure-house of lovely 
 tales and lyric interludes, distinguished by their manliness and 
 sincerity from the introspective mosaics of the day, the stock 
 metres, three in number, derive from Chaucer, while the tales 
 themselves are of various origin — mainly Greek or Northern, 
 but drawn occasionally, either directly or indirectly, from the 
 East. While The Earthly Paradise was in progress, Morris 
 was becoming deep in Icelandic literature. From this he not 
 
6 The Life Poetic 
 
 only derived the magnificent tragic story of The Lovers of 
 Gudrun, in which The Earthly Paradise sounds its deepest 
 notes, and soars highest, but he also enriched our literature 
 with prose versions of several of the sagas, being assisted by 
 Mr. Birikr Magniisson. The Story of Grettir the Strong, pub- 
 lished in 1869, represents the ruder domestic sagas of the tenth 
 century. The Story of the Volsungs and Niblungs, issued in 
 the following year, represents the primeval mythic literature 
 of the race. The two shorter sagas of Frithiof the Bold and 
 Gunnlaug the Wormtongue are admirable samples of Icelandic 
 legend and domestic romance : the translations of them were 
 executed near about the same period as the two large works, 
 and appeared in periodicals. All these works are interspersed 
 with snatches of scaldic song in the alliterative measures of 
 the Icelanders ; and with the version of Volsunga Morris gave 
 a considerable number of the songs of the Elder Edda. 
 
 In literature, as in life and its varied pursuits, his work 
 divides itself into definite periods, of which the chronological 
 minutiae will be found in their place. Considered in the light 
 of a poet and story-teller, he maj' be said to have started on 
 his career as an Anglo-Norman medievalist, drawing, however, 
 considerable inspiration from the Greek and Latin classics, 
 and gradually, with a widening area of knowledge and reading, 
 taking in at first hand influences from the sturdy literature of 
 the Northmen who peopled Iceland. From the pure medi- 
 evalism of The Defence of Gucnevere, Sir Peter Harpdon's End, 
 The Haystack in the Floods, and the Chaucerian classicism of 
 The Life and Death of Jason, we pass through The Earthly 
 Paradise to find the flavour far more Northern at the end than 
 at the beginning; the actual work of translating large Ice- 
 landic sagas had efi'ected a great change, and had led to the 
 transformation of one Icelandic prose masterpiece. The Saga of 
 the Laxdale Men, into that poetic masterpiece The Lovers of 
 Giidrun, which must be regarded as the high-water mark of 
 his first period. 
 
 To the second period belong Love is Enough, a dramatic and 
 lyric morality, deriving the more marked features of its poetic 
 method from the Icelandic, and also several renderings of Ice- 
 landic sagas, though some of them remained in manuscript till 
 a recent date. The period is that in which Morris shows, not 
 a mere tincture, but a prevailing feeling of Northern hardiness, 
 
as lived by Morris. 7 
 
 has abandoned the three Chaucerian stock metres, and de- 
 veloped a metric system with anapaestic movement surpassing 
 in every vital particular all that has been done in anapaestic 
 measures since Tennyson showed the way in Maud. 
 
 Love is Enough ; or, the Freeing of Pharamond : a Morality, 
 published in 1873, was the first independent original fruit 
 borne by his revelling in the forthright, simple, manly, and 
 most craftsmanlike narratives of the hardy Norsemen who 
 peopled Iceland. Here Morris employed alliterative metre in 
 a truly masterly manner for the shaping of one of the most 
 noteworthy poems of the third quarter of the century. Though 
 something above the heads of the large public to which The 
 Earthly Paradise appeals, it widened the poet's credit with the 
 critical few. Two years later the sagas of Frithiof and Gunn- 
 laug were reprinted, with that of Viglund the Fair, and some 
 shorter Icelandic tales, under the title of Th7-ee Northern Love 
 Stories, etc. In 1876 Morris issued The u^neids of Virgil done 
 into English Verse. The verse chosen was the ballad metre 
 employed by Chapman in translating the Iliad. If the service 
 of the modern poet to Virgil is not in all respects better than 
 that of the Elizabethan to Homer, this latter-day ^neid is at 
 least of a more equable quality, of a finer taste in language, 
 and much more literal than Chapman's Iliad. It is a transla- 
 tion, not a mere paraphrase ; and the metre is handled in the 
 noblest manner. A single sample, the opening of Book X, 
 must illustrate : 
 
 ' ' Meanwhile is opened wide the door of dread Olympus' walls. 
 And there the sire of Gods and Men unto the council calls. 
 Amid the starry place, wherefroai, high-throned he looks adown 
 Upon the folk of Latin land and that beleaguered town." 
 
 There is a fidelity to the original here which we seek in vain 
 in such charming couplets of Chapman as these from the 
 opening of Book VIII : 
 
 " The cheerful lady of the light, deck'd in her saffron robe. 
 Dispersed her beams through every part of this enflowered globe. 
 When thundering Jove a court of Gods assembled by his will, 
 In top of all the topful heights, that crown th' Olympian hill," — 
 
 which can hardly be held to render closely what is literally 
 translated thus by Messrs. Lang, Leaf and Myers : 
 
 " Now Dawn the saffron-robed was spreading over all the 
 earth, and Zeus whose joy is in the thunder let call an 
 
8 Tlie Life Poetic 
 
 assembly of the gods upon the topmost peak of many-ridged 
 Olympus." 
 
 Up to this point Morris might almost be said to have been 
 frankly medieval in his way of looking at things. His spiritual 
 birth into his own century is to be found recorded in his next 
 substantive work, The Story of Sigurd the Vohuiig, and the 
 Fall of the Niblungs, published in 1877. Here not only does 
 he fill a large canvas with an art higher and subtler than that 
 shown in Jason, or even in The Earthly Paradise, but he be- 
 trays a profound concern in the destinies of the race, such as 
 we do not exact from the mere story-teller. Love and adven- 
 ture he had already treated in a manner approaching perfection; 
 and a sympathetic intelligence of all beautiful legends breathes 
 throughout his works ; but Sigurd is something more than a 
 lover and a warrior : he is at once heroic and tragic ; and he 
 is surrounded by characters heroic and tragic. In his mythic 
 person large spiritual questions are suggested ; he is the typical 
 saviour as conceived by the Northern race ; and this side of 
 the conception is more emphatic and unmistakable in the 
 modern work than in the Volsunga Saga, which is the basis of 
 this great poem. In structure, in metre, and in the adoption 
 of the Icelandic system of imagery into our tongue, Sigurd the 
 Volsung is superb. But the genius of the poet is still more 
 evident in the convincingly right conception of all the 
 characters and of the tragic import of their relations one to 
 another — perhaps more than all in the unflinching truth to the 
 savage primeval conception of the incestuous Signy. The real 
 Signy stands in splendid and immortal contrast with her de- 
 based counterpart Sieglinde in Wagner's great poem Der Ring 
 des Nibelungcn. The crime of Sieglinde is self-seeking, and 
 that of her brother Siegmund conscious ; the crime of the real 
 SigQy is swallowed up in the tremendous self-renunciation of 
 which it is a part, and the crime of the real Sigmund is un- 
 conscious. It is to the unerring rectitude and absolute sanity 
 of Morris's genius that we owe the good hap of this strict 
 adherence to the original mythos in these particulars. 
 
 In dealing as none but a modern could have dealt with the 
 greatest myth of our Northern race, Morris, perhaps uncon- 
 sciously, celebrated what has been called above his spiritual 
 birth into his own century. " Dreamer of dreams, born out of 
 my due time," was never a wholly true description; but, from 
 
as lived by Jforris. 9 
 
 the time of Sigurd's " coming into the tale " of the poet's life, 
 his renunciation of the attempt to " set the crooked straight" 
 became specifically inapt. Commencing with an art-propa- 
 ganda which aimed at the reform of the decorative arts, he 
 gradually slid into social questions of the deepest concern to 
 all men, learned and unlearned. He found the cause of 
 artistic degradation in the rotten commercial foundations of 
 our whole social scheme ; and from that time forth his efforts 
 have tended towards root and branch social reform. 
 
 Let it be clearly understood that Sigurd the Volsung is no mere 
 rhythmic and metrical triumph, though in those matters its 
 merits are, as has been said, of a superb kind. In the much 
 higher qualities, which derive from knowledge of life, feeling 
 for national myth, epic action and tragic intensity combined, 
 this epic in anapaestic couplets which rounds the second period, 
 stands among the foremost poems not only of this century but 
 of our literature. 
 
 The third period, from 1878 to 1890, is chiefly an epoch of 
 lectures, pamphlets, leaflets, and periodical press work (all with 
 a definite social and political object) ; but the literary artist, 
 never quite dormant, gradually gets the upper hand again. It 
 is needless to criticize a series of social and political tracts and 
 articles of which many would be ephemeral but for their 
 authorship. In 1878 Morris issued The Decorative Arts ; their 
 Belations to Modern Life and Progress, an Address, and in 1879 a 
 presidential address to the Birmingham Society of Arts ; Labour 
 and Pleasure versus Labour and Sorrow (a second presidential 
 address) followed in 1880 ; and a reprint of these three, with 
 two other lectures, under the general title Hopes and Fears for 
 Art, came out in 1882, Art and Socialism, a Lecture, as well as 
 an introduction to Sketehley's-Be^jiezt) of European Society and 
 A Summary of the Principles of Socialism luritten for the Demo- 
 cratic Federation (conjointly with Mr. H. M. Hyndman), in 1884. 
 Chants for Socialists, in several forms. The Manifesto of the 
 Socialist League, For Whom shall ive Vote ? and Useful Work 
 versus Useless Toil belong to 1885. The Labour Question from 
 the Socialist Standpoint, A Short Account of the Commune of 
 Paris, written conjointly with E. Belfort Bax and Victor Dave, 
 and Socialism, a Lecture, came out in 1886 ; The Tables 
 Turned; or, Nupkins Awakened : a Socialist Interlude, as for 
 the First Time Played at the Hall of the Socialist League on 
 
10 The Life Poetic 
 
 Saturday, October 15th, 1887, was published the same year as 
 a pamphlet ; and so were The Aims of Art and A Death Song 
 (for Alfred Linnell, killed in Trafalgar Square, November 20, 
 1887). This record of bare facts for the year in question would 
 be incomplete without a mention of The Commonweal, the 
 organ of the Socialist League, established under Morris's 
 editorship and with his financial support at the beginning of 
 1885, as a monthly sheet, but carried on as a weekly news- 
 paper from May-Day 1886 until after he gave up the editor- 
 ship in 1890. The pages of this print teem with Morris's 
 manly and outspoken attacks on commercialism — attacks 
 delivered in a cause from the success of which he has per- 
 sonally all to lose and nothing to gain. There are also in The 
 Commonweal many productions of his pen that are anything 
 but ephemeral. From the list of pamphlets must be taken, as 
 of special and independent literary interest, apart from the 
 Socialist propaganda. Chants for Socialists, The Tables Turned, 
 and the Death Song ; but a far higher effort than these is the 
 poem of modern life called The Pilgrims of Hope, which lies 
 buried in the first two volumes of The Commomveal. That 
 poem, written in the great manner of Sigurd the Volsung, and 
 mainly in the same metre, is ostensibly a complete treatment 
 of a modern Socialist subject, and runs to over 1,300 lines. 
 Although this was privately reprinted, the poet has kept it by 
 him to render it more perfect in form ; but whether he has left 
 any revision or not, the poem will ultimately rank among his 
 leading works, and is likely to remain, for another generation 
 of English readers, the most remarkable thing in the distinctly 
 militant literature of the Socialist movement among us. 
 
 The Odyssey of Homer done into English Verse, put forth 
 in 1887, was something of an astonishment for those who 
 knew of the various claims on the poet's time and energy. 
 It is as literal as his version of the JEneid, and even finer 
 in metric qualities, the verse being, not the ballad metre 
 of the Virgil, but once more the anaptestic couplet of Sigurd 
 the Volsung, which Morris has made peculiarly his own. It 
 may be doubted whether these renderings of Virgil and 
 Homer do not stand alone as being at once faithful to the 
 sense of the originals, and poetic literature of the highest class. 
 In the following year (1888) he issued a further Sociahst 
 pamphlet, True and False Society, and accomplished a very 
 
as lived by Morris. 11 
 
 novel piece of purely literary propagandism under the title A 
 Dream of John Ball ; the poet in a dream sees something of 
 Jack Straw's rebellion, and discusses at large with the revolu- 
 tionary ecclesiastic of that period, John Ball, the future of 
 labour in England, culminating in the effaeement of genuine 
 handicraft by machinery under the commercial system. This 
 noble prose work, which first appeared from week to week in 
 The Commomveal, was reprinted as a book, with a story of 
 kindred interest called A King's Lesson, in 1888. In the sai^e 
 year the poet took an active part in the establishment of the 
 Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society, in whose catalogues there 
 are technical essays from his pen ; and he published, under the 
 general title Signs of Change, a collection of his social and 
 artistic lectures, old and new. 
 
 The year 1889 had a fresh surprise in store, to wit, a wholly 
 new thing in English prose fiction, A Tale of the House of the 
 Wolfings and all the Kindreds of the Mark, loritten in prose and 
 in verse by William Morris, a wonderful myth-romance of the 
 tribal period of the Goths. The Mark is the name given to a 
 series of clearings in a vast forest, peopled by certain tribes of 
 Goths. Neither period nor place is specified. Perhaps it will 
 be safe to regard the dealings of the Goths and Eomans here 
 depicted as proper to the fourth century, the historical event of 
 which a reflexion in small may be detected, being the overthrow 
 of the Eomans under Valens by the Goths ; and, as Mirkwood 
 water, the river running through the Mark, flows northward, 
 it may perhaps be regarded as some feeder of the Danube. In 
 dealing with this early period, it is fitting that myth should 
 mingle with matter-of-fact. The secret union of the hero 
 Thiodolf, the head of the House of the Wolfings, with a 
 daughter of Odin, a Chooser of the Slain, by name the Wood- 
 Sun, is treated with rare dignity; and their daughter the 
 Hall-Sun, the virgin guardian of the sacred lamp of that name 
 which hangs in the Wolfing Hall, is a character of heroic mould. 
 The material part of the story is an attempt of a large body of 
 Eomans to possess themselves of the Mark, and their over- 
 throw and annihilation by the Markmen : the romantic motive 
 running through the book is a hauberk myth nobler in concep- 
 tion even than the hauberk myth of " the golden Sigurd," who 
 so often for reasons good in his dealings with the varied evils 
 that infest the earth 
 
12 The Life Poetic 
 
 "Did on the Helm of Aweing, and the Hauberk all of gold, 
 Whose like is not in the heavens, nor has earth of its fellow told." 
 
 The hauberk bestowed by the Wood-Sun upon Thiodolf, with 
 a lying assurance that no " evil weird " hung to it, was got by 
 fraud from a dwarf, whose curse it bore, together with its own 
 unchangeable virtue. That curse was that, though the shirt of 
 mail should save the wearer, it should wreck his folk ; and it is 
 Thiodolf's great renunciation of the hauberk, and with it of the 
 Wood-Sun and life, that gives to his death in his people's 
 victory the quality of a sorrow swallowed up in splendour ; 
 while the devoted isolation of the Hall-Sun, whose influence 
 brings all this to pass, makes her continuance in life more 
 tragic than her father's death. The book has little in common 
 with anything more modern than the great Icelandic sagas, 
 most of which it excels in grandeur of conception, in beauty of 
 form, and in subtlety of transition from prose to verse. The 
 metrical passages in which the book abounds, are reserved for 
 the more exalted and emotional phases of the dialogue, and 
 reach the highest level of Sigurd the Volsung. 
 
 This great work was followed late in the same year by The 
 Roots of the Motmtains, ivherein is told someivhat of the Lives 
 of the Men of Burijdale, their Friends, their Neighbours, their 
 Foemen and their Felloivs-in-Arms. The subject is akin to 
 that of The House of the Wolfings ; but the period is consider- 
 ably later, the Goths having passed from the tribal state to 
 that of village communities, though retaining some of the noble 
 primitive institutions of the tribal state as described by the 
 poet. Here again the motive is defence of the land against 
 invasion ; but in this case the " dusky men," whom the Burg- 
 dalers combine with a remnant of the Wolfings to overthrow, 
 may be taken to be of Hunnish race. Their anti-human 
 institutions leave but little room for horror at their extermina- 
 tion like vermin. In laying out, The Boots of the Mountains 
 is no whit inferior to The House of the Wolfings. There are 
 those who award it the higher place. It is, however, naturally 
 of a less exalted poetical pitch, the epoch being too late for fact 
 longer to mingle with myth. On the other hand, there is the 
 compensating advantage of a very human love-motive treated 
 with perfect sympathy and masculine vigour, while the numerous 
 characters are the more lifelike for their less remoteness. For 
 consistency of delineation these men and women leave nothing 
 
as lived by Morris. 13 
 
 to dtsire; for realization of place, personality, costume, and 
 institution, the work is unsurpassed ; and in the one matter 
 which in this case is very important, the invention of battle 
 incident, Homer himself could not afford to give the modern 
 poet points. 
 
 In 1890 he published a Socialist pamphlet called Monopoly ; 
 or, How Labour is Bobbed, and, in The English Illustrated 
 Magazine, another prose romance of a legendary character. 
 The Glittering Plain; or, the Land of Living Men. Though 
 characterized by all the force of handling of Morris's later 
 years, this piece, by treating of the renewal of youth without 
 death, as a thing actually accomplished in the tale, recalls to 
 the mind the dreamy period of his own poetic youth. 
 
 During the closing months of The Commonweal its pages 
 were distinguished by the appearance from week to week of 
 Neios from Nowhere ; or, an Epoch of Best, being some Chapters 
 from a Utopian Bomance, in which Morris showed how an 
 artist could deal with a theme cognate to that of Mr. Bellamy's 
 dreary Looking Backward. What Morris gives us is a picture 
 of English society as it might be after the socialist revolution 
 to which the propaganda tends. The account given by an 
 antiquary of the way in which the revolution came about is 
 admirable ; but finer still is the description of the renovated 
 Thames country from Hammersmith to Kelmscott ; and 
 perhaps most precious of all the portrait of the ideal woman 
 Ellen, who joins the poet and his companions on the dream- 
 journey at Eunnymede, and fades so cruelly out of our sight 
 with the rest of the splendid vision when he awakes in " dingy 
 Hammersmith," and realizes that he has dreamed. 
 
 The partial submergence beneath the thick waters of 
 militant socialism was now drawing to a close. At no time 
 had the submergence been complete. In The Tables Turned, 
 familiarly called " Nupkins," art had suffered most at the hands 
 of doctrine (for Nicpkins is in its way a work of art) ; but The 
 Pilgrims of Hope, A Dream of Johfi Ball, and Neivs from No- 
 where, are before all things works of art, though saturatsd with 
 socialist conviction : they are as distinctly creative as his 
 earlier and later work, though of a more mingled web. With 
 the disruption of the Socialist League and the abandonment 
 of The Commonweal, a more hopeful period for art produc- 
 tion began, though in a quiet way, at Hammersmith ; the poet 
 
14 The Life Poetic 
 
 still presided over the Hammersmith Socialist Society, leaving 
 those who believed in "ructions with the police" to seek 
 amusement of that kind at their own sweet will. 
 
 In 1891, in conjunction with Mr. Magniisson, he entered 
 upon a great undertaking in the way of translation from the 
 Icelandic, — The Saga Library, of which five volumes have ap- 
 peared. The first contains three sagas. The Story of Howard 
 the Halt, The Story of the Banded Men, and The Story of Hen 
 Thorir ; the second consists of the Eyrbyggja Saga with the 
 Saga of the Heath- Slaying s as an Appendix ; and the others 
 are occupied by the Hemiskringla of Snorri Sturluson. The 
 rest of the great Icelandic Sagas were to have followed if 
 death had not cut the labour short. 
 
 In this same year 1891 came another surprise. Morris had 
 long chafed under the inadequacy of modern printing to the 
 demands of his exacting artistic taste. He determined to set 
 up printing works of his own ; and the renowned Kelmscott 
 Press was the result. Here, of course, he went to work in his 
 customary manner, found out all he could about the history 
 and the ways and means of the craft, got most useful help and 
 counsel from his friend Mr. Emery Walker, and very soon set 
 to work. Not only did he design the beautiful ornamental 
 initial letters and borders used at the Kelmscott Press ; he 
 also drew on a large scale every letter in each of the three 
 founts, the Golden type, the Troy type, and the Chaucer 
 type ; and, more than this, he drew and redrew until he got 
 each letter perfect and a fit model from which to cut a steel 
 punch, with due intervention of the photographer to reduce 
 his drawings to the right size. He had his own hand-made 
 paper made from pure hnen rag, set up hand-presses, obtained 
 the best of ink, employed the best labour he could get, and set 
 good binders to put his sheets together in seemly vellum or 
 parchment; and he issued a great series of masterpieces in 
 the art of printing. Many of his own fourth-period books 
 appeared first in this sumptuous form. 
 
 The first task completed at the new press was to give per- 
 manent book form to The Glittering Plain. This work was 
 reprinted from the numbers of The English Illustrated Maga- 
 zine for June, July, August, and September, 1890 ; and by the 
 4th of April 1891, the printing was finished, though it was not 
 till the 8th of May that subscribers received their copies of the 
 

 Mile. \\^Pii^ 
 
 fee ^^1/ y- Jai4UUt l^ 'h^Cul'd: ^^ ^^ 
 
 This is the Golden type. 
 
 t:bis 19 the Troy type, 
 
 T:bis is the Chaucer type* 
 
 Design for letter " h " of the Golden type : 
 Specimens of the three Kelmscott founts; and 
 Book-mark used m the smaller volumes. 
 
ta E 
 
 •S ^ 
 
 eq 
 
 
as lived by Moms. 15 
 
 quaint old-world-looking vellum-bound book, with its chamoia 
 leather strings to tie in front and prevent it from opening 
 like an oyster, as vellum-bound books will if given their 
 wicked way. 
 
 By the 24th of September 1891, Morris had finished printing 
 his Poems by the Way, one of the most striking volumes of short 
 poems issued during the last decade, and thoroughly worthy 
 of the genius of its author. This also was first printed at the 
 Kelmscott Press. The volume includes poems then recently 
 written, as that truly great ballad The Bitrghers' Battle and 
 the deliciously breezy Goldilocks and Goldilocks, and some 
 written many years earlier, as The God of the Poor. Some had, 
 like that, appeared in periodicals ; but none save a piece from 
 Jason and a snatch from The Earthly Paradise had been in 
 any of Morris's previous books, while by far the greater part 
 had not appeared before at all. 
 
 Steady progress was now made at the Press with the re- 
 printing of Morris's own works in the sumptuous and fitting 
 form which he had devised ; and this work was accompanied 
 by that of printing or reprinting other books, ancient and 
 modern, deemed worthy of the honour. The next original 
 romance, Ihe Wood beyond the World, appeared in the same 
 8vo. form as The Glittering Plain and Poems by the Way, but 
 with the addition of a very noble frontispiece by Sir Edward 
 Burne- Jones, representing that lovely creation "the Maid"— 
 Morris's heroine — in her plain white garment, or to use her 
 own words, in her " scanty coat and bare arms and naked feet," 
 with the chaplet, girdle, arm-rings and "sandals" of living 
 meadow flowers which perform so important a part in the 
 story in getting the hero and heroine through perilous lands 
 inhabited by fierce and strange tribes ; for had not the maid 
 the magic power to revive the flowers with a touch of her 
 hand? 
 
 This work was through the press by May 1894 ; by January 
 1895, a translation of Beowulf, done in conjunction with the 
 Eev. A. T. Wyatt, had been printed in the Troy type on paper 
 of the size called large quarto at the Kelmscott Press, but 
 ranging very well with seventeenth century folios. It is a most 
 vigorous and virile production, but can scarcely become 
 popular, being more than ordinarily remote from modern 
 feeling. 
 
16 The Life Poetic 
 
 In Child Christopher and Goldilind the Fair Morris got back 
 to a thoroughly human story racy of British earth in the old 
 days, — the story admirably conceived and laid out and the 
 characters drawn with the consistency and vigour to be ex- 
 pected from the liberal hand which had given us Thiodolf and 
 the Hall-Sun, Otter and Arinbjorn, Face-of-God and Bow- 
 May, Hallblithe and the Puny Fox, and all the gallery of living 
 beings whom we meet in The House of the Wolfings, The Hoots 
 of the Mountains, and The Glittering Plain. Oaisenrealm is the 
 suggestive name of Christopher's country, and Jack of the 
 Tofts that of the grand outlaw who in the end helps him to 
 come to his own : the mere names of these latter books are 
 exhilarating. 
 
 But the most considerable of all these romances is The Well 
 at the World's End, which was proportionately long at press, 
 and was not completely printed till March 1896. It is a foun- 
 tain-of-youth story of the most striking and enthralling kind, 
 filling a large quarto volume of 496 pages, printed in double 
 columns in the Chaucer type, full of stir and varied adventure, 
 and dealing 'but sparely with the supernatural. The murder 
 of the woman, who may be called the Ayesha or " She " of 
 this book, leaves a wound only comparable, for " the pity of it," 
 to that most piteous destruction of tTie blithe spirit of the 
 Count of Monte Beni, wrought by the unflinching hand of 
 Hawthorne in The Marble Faun. Like that tragic act, the 
 murder of the woman who has drunk of the well, and domi- 
 nates the lives of all men with whom she comes in contact, is 
 an artistic necessity — albeit it comes upon us with a rueful 
 shock — for not until she goes out of the tale can the true, 
 deep-down, human interest of the fable be wrought up to the 
 top of the artist's bent. 
 
 Yet two more of these strange and lovely books did the 
 master write before the end. The Water of the Wondrous Isles 
 and The Sundering Flood ; and both will have been delivered 
 from the Kelmscott Press before the year 1897 closes upon us. 
 
 These latter romances, together with several volumes of 
 translations from medieval French tales, etc., form a mass of 
 high-class work in all the original part of which Morris showed 
 a strong grip of character and intimate knowledge of the 
 doings of men and communities in various ages. Altogether, 
 counting John Ball, here are nine works of fiction in which 
 
as lived hy Morris. 17 
 
 this master of all the leading crafts that can be named has 
 devised a new method and a fresh form of speech, has laid out 
 his stories with admirable clearness, filled their fabric with 
 beautiful legends, or visions of what has been and what may 
 be, and created a living gallery of men and women, all unmis- 
 takable in the differentia of their characters and personahties. 
 If there were no first, second, and third periods at all, these 
 books of his fourth and, alas ! final period would alone suffice 
 to secure him a place among the greatest literary artists of the 
 age and, indeed, of the world. 
 
 It is in no formal or conventional sense that I have written 
 " alas I" For to me one of the keenest interests in life was the 
 perennial question. What will William Morris do next ? That 
 I was privileged to know him in the flesh for some eight or 
 nine and twenty years added a zest to that interest. As he said 
 to his friend and colleague Hyndman, the world was a jolly 
 world to him, and he had plenty to do still. During the last 
 years of fruitful work, while he was writing those prose tales, 
 designing letters and borders for his press, looking specially 
 after the sumptuous Chaucer with its illustrations by Sir 
 Edward Burne-Jones, presiding over the business side of his 
 undertakings, lecturing and influencing by other means various 
 movements, philanthropic in the highest sense, and following 
 up with a boyish eagerness the formation of that astonishing 
 collection of medieval books and manuscripts of which the 
 world has heard so much, — while all this was going on, the foot- 
 step of death, though unheard, was hard upon the threshold of 
 his door. Hopes were entertained that a sea-trip to the North 
 would help him through some of the physical disabilities which 
 had come upon him ; but here there was disappointment. As 
 Mr. Hyndman has recorded, he did not disguise from his 
 friends the irksomeness of his illness. "If," said he, "it merely 
 means that I am to be laid up for a little while, it doesn't so 
 much matter, you know ; but if I am to be caged up here for 
 months, and then it is to be the end of all things, I shouldn't 
 like it at all. This has been a jolly world to me, and I find 
 plenty to do in it." 
 
 Plenty indeed ! And how full it all is of the " beauty of the 
 skin " of that "jolly world," how rich and racy of the soil of 
 that noble and generous heart ! But it was to be " the end of 
 all things " ; and on the 3rd of October 1896 WiUiam Morris 
 
 2 
 
18 The Life Poetic as lived by Morris. 
 
 passed peacefully away at Kelmscott House in the Upper Mall, 
 Hammersmith. 
 
 With all its extraordinary variety his life, if looked at with a 
 philosophic eye, or even with an eye of moderate sagacity, 
 presents a beautiful unity. Speaking of literature alone, it is 
 not too much to say that the boyish romances in The Oxford 
 and Cambridge Magazine are the lineal ancestors of the great 
 works which poured from the Kelmscott Press. These last 
 have the same superlative merit as his other mature works 
 whether in verse or in prose. He always saw things with abso- 
 lute clearness, and had power to make others see them also. 
 In a large proportion of his work the wider life of old times 
 drew his gaze irresistibly ; and the contemplation made him 
 somewhat sorrowful. After he had mixed for many years in 
 the affairs of modern life, and had realized more than ever the 
 awful contrast between misery and happiness, Hope " came into 
 the tale " ; and reasonable hope begets tenfold desire. His 
 latter books depict states of society in which happiness is 
 possible to every man, even though the happiness be but that 
 of dying for the general good. The worst his enemies could 
 say of him at last was that he had passed from one beautiful 
 dream to another — from a dream of the golden mythical past 
 to a dream of the golden possible future. 
 
BEGINNINGS 
 
 THE OXFOED AND CAMBEIDGE MAGAZINE 
 
 SIE GALAHAD— A CHEISTMAS MYSTEEY 
 
 THE DEFENCE OF GDENEVBEE AND OTHEE POEMS 
 
 2—2 
 
SiK Galahad, a Cheiktjias Mysteet, bound in jiokooco bt Eivieee. 
 
BEGINNINGS : 
 
 The Oxfokd and Cambeidge Magazine— Sir Galahad, a 
 Christmas Mystery — The Defence of Guenevere 
 AND other Poems. 
 
 ~VrOT very long ago an acquaintance recounted to me the 
 -Li details of a visit which he had paid at Kelmscott House 
 in Hammersmith with the view of seeing "William Morris in 
 the flesh. It was on one of those Sunday afternoons when the 
 poet was at home to friends and visitors. Mr. Emery Walker 
 was present, as might be surmised by anyone who knows how 
 warm a friendship had sprung up between that high authority 
 on printing and the founder of the Kelmscott Press. My 
 friend tells me he introduced himself as an ardent admirer of 
 Morris's writings, and mentioned that he was acquainted with 
 a man named Buxton Forman who had for years been form- 
 ing a Morris collection, and who in fact made a point of 
 buying whatever the poet might put forth. Morris, says my 
 informant, turned to Mr. Emery Walker with the characteristic 
 observation, " Useful kind of a man, that ! eh, Walker ?" 
 
 Now as I had known the poet at least a quarter of a century 
 at the time, and Mr. Walker perhaps half as long, the humour 
 of Morris in accepting me as a discovery, from a complete 
 stranger, seemed to me, and still seems, perfectly delightful. 
 It was all I ever aspired to be, "a useful kind of a man"; and, 
 if the assiduity with which I have followed up the quest, ever 
 since reading in The Times newspaper for the 11th of April 
 1868 a long review with many extracts from The Life and 
 Death of Jason, shall be found to have produced the means of 
 giving a complete account of Morris's publications, I shall be 
 able to believe that the revered and regretted poet spoke a true 
 word as well as a humorous one that Sunday afternoon at 
 Hammersmith. Craving pardon for this waste of the student's 
 
22 
 
 B. 
 
 eginnrngs. 
 
 or book-hunter's time on an egotistical preliminary anecdote, 
 I pass to my utility work of telling the story of the books— or 
 rather trying to make them tell their own story, so far as 
 dates, contents, and material features are concerned. 
 
 The tale begins when Morris was an Oxford undergraduate, 
 and had already written a great deal both of poetry and of 
 prose. It was but natural that he should have taken up 
 warmly a scheme for starting a periodical of a somewhat 
 ambitious kind for a University magazine ; and, when once it 
 was decided to found The Oxford and Cambridge Magazine, he 
 was liberal both with funds and with contributions — far more 
 with prose than with verse, however. The first number of the 
 magazine appeared in January 1856 
 
 and the last in December of the same i'^^^X^^XY'yy^y!!!^ 
 year. There are twelve in all, for it j^^^^^^y^^^^ 
 was a monthly magazine ; it was printed C liffj 
 
 in London at the Chiswick Press in a very sightly f\J^ 
 manner, in double columns, and sent out in green "^ 
 printed wrappers, each of which has the " Contents " 
 of the number on the first page. These wrappers are 
 nicely arranged and executed : within an agreeable 
 old-fashioned " typographical border," of which this 
 is a specimen corner, are printed the name of the maga- 
 zine, the "Contents," the publishers' imprint, etc. The top 
 Hne (of No. I, for instance) is "No. I. JANDAEY, 1856. 
 Price Is." Then the title is given thus : 
 
 THE 
 
 • IK -r/Mm 
 
 CONDUCTED BY MEMBERS OF THE 
 TWO UNIVERSITIES. 
 
 The "Contents" of the number follows; then the publi- 
 
Oxford and Cambridge Magazine. 28 
 
 cation lines, " LONDON :/ BELL AND DALDY, FLEET 
 STEEET." All this is within the border : outside it is the 
 printer's imprint— at left " printed by c. whittingham," at 
 right "tooks couet, chancery lane." There are advertize- 
 ments of a miscellaneous kind, both printed on the wrappers 
 and inserted between them and the outer sheets of the publica- 
 tion. Pages 2, 3 and 4 of the wrappers were invariably 
 covered with advertizements. The price was one shilling for 
 each number. In the last number a title-page and classified 
 table of contents were given. The title is as follows : 
 
 (1) 
 THE 
 
 OXFOED AND CAMBEIDGE 
 MAGAZINE 
 
 For 1856. 
 
 CONDUCTED BY MEMBERS OF THE TWO 
 UNIVERSITIES. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 BELL AND DALDY, FLEET STREET. 
 
 1856. 
 
 As a rule, when copies of the work occur, the numbers have been 
 stripped of wrappers and other extraneous matter and bound 
 up with this title-page and " Contents" duly placed at the be- 
 ginning. Such is the normal book : he who finds a set with 
 the wrappers preserved is fortunate among book-hunters ; he 
 who secures a clean set of unbound numbers, with wrappers 
 and advertizements and all just as issued, is still more to be 
 
24 
 
 Beqinning.t. 
 
 envied ; but he who can add to such a set the two fine photo- 
 graphs from Woolner's medallions of Tennyson and Carlyle, 
 which the publishers of the magazine offered to subscribers, 
 to bind with it if so minded, may be counted happy. 
 
 The book is a demy 8vo. The verso of the title is blank. 
 The list of contents fills pages iii and iv, the text pages 1 to 776, 
 which ends with the imprint (below a thin rule) — " chiswick 
 
 PBESS : C. WHITTINGHAM, TOOKS COUET,/ CHANCERY LANE." 
 
 Each number starts with a " dropped head " filled up by one 
 of those charming ornaments, — the same each time, — designed 
 some forty-five or fifty years ago by Charles Whittingham's 
 daughter Charlotte (now Mrs. B. F. Stevens), assisted 
 by her sister Elizabeth Eleanor Whittingham. The orna- 
 ment selected from the series was that here reproduced : it 
 
 was originally engraved by Mary Byfield, and still holds its 
 own among the many choice things of the Chiswick Press. 
 The ornamental heading was followed by the title of the 
 magazine and the title of the particular article, 
 as usual ; and a pretty ornamental letter, 
 thirteen sixteenths of an inch square, leads 
 off the first article in each of the first two 
 numbers. In the first number it happens to 
 be a W. The other articles in each number 
 begin with a similar letter, a little over eleven 
 sixteenths of an inch square. The article on Tennyson chances 
 to start with an A. The distinctive larger-sized 
 capital for the first article was abandoned with 
 No. III. The pages are numbered at the outer 
 corner in Arabic figures ; the head-lines are the 
 titles of the various articles ; the abbreviated 
 name of the month is at the right-hand end of each verso head- 
 
Oxford nnrj Camlin'rl(/r Mar/aziiie. 25 
 
 line ; and the left-hand end of each recto head-line has the year- 
 date, 1856 — month and year enclosed in square brackets. 
 The classified table of contents is as follows : — 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 I. ESSAYS. 
 
 Sir Philip Sidney. Part I. Prelude 
 
 ,, ,, Part II. The Learner 
 
 Ali'Eed Tennyson. Part I. . . . 
 
 >, ,, Part II. . 
 
 Part III 
 
 The Newoomes 
 
 The Barrier Kinsdoms . 
 
 The Chdrches of North France . 
 
 Shakespeare's Minor Poems . 
 
 Mr. Macaulay .... 
 
 The Prospects op Peace . . . . 
 
 A Few Words Conoernino Plato and Bacon 
 
 Carlyle. Part I. His " I believe " . 
 
 ,, Part II. His Lamp for the Old Years 
 
 1 
 129 
 
 7 
 
 73 
 
 136 
 
 50 
 
 65 
 
 99 
 
 115 
 
 173 
 
 185 
 
 189 
 
 193 
 
 292 
 
 Part III. Another Look at His Lamp for the Old Years 336 
 
 Part IV. As a Writer 6P7 
 
 Part V. His Lamp for the New Years . . . 743 
 Oxford . . . ... . 234 
 
 Prometheus ... ... . . 259 
 
 Unhealthy Employments .... . . 265 
 
 [ „ ,, PartlL . . . . 453] 
 
 Shakespeare's Troilus and Crbssida . . 280 
 
 On Popular Lectures . . 316 
 
 Thackeray and Currer Bell . . 323 
 
 ruskin and the quarterly 353 
 
 On the Life and Character of Marshal St. Arnaud . 389 
 A Study in Shakespeare ... ... 417 
 
 Lancashire and Mary Barton ... . 441 
 
 Woman : Her Duties, Education, and Position . . 462 
 
 Death the Avenger, and Death the Friend . . . 477 
 
 Two Pictures . . 479 
 
 Robert Herriok . 517 
 
 Alexander Smith 548 
 
 The Work of Young Men in the Present Age . . . 558 
 Twelfth Night ; or. What You Will. A Study in Shakespeare 581 
 
 Rogers' Table-talk . . 641 
 
 The Sceptic and the Infidel. Part I. .... 605 
 
 Part 11. . . .645 
 
 II. TALES. 
 
 The ConsiN[s] 18 
 
 The Story of the Unknown Church . . . . 28 
 
 The Rivals .... ... 34 
 
 A Story of the North . . 81 
 
 The Two Partincs . . . 110 
 
 A Dream ... . . 146 
 
 Found, yet Lost . • 155 
 
 Frank's Sealed Letter . 225 
 
 The Sacrifice .... 271 
 
 A Night in a Cathedral . . 310 
 
26 
 
 II. TALES (continued). 
 
 GeETHa's LOVEliS. 
 
 Beginnings. 
 
 Part I. 
 „ „ Part II. . 
 
 SVEND AND HIS BeETHKEN 
 
 Cavalav, a Chapteh of a Life. 
 
 Part I. 
 Part II. 
 Part III. 
 
 The Hollow Land. Part I. . . 
 
 „ „ Part II. . . . 
 
 LiNDENBORG POOL ... 
 
 The Dkuid and the Maiden 
 Golden Wings . 
 
 III. POETRY. 
 
 Winter Weather 
 In Yodth I Died 
 Fear. . . . . . 
 
 Remembrance . 
 
 Riding Together 
 
 The Sditor op Low Degree . 
 
 The Singing oe the Poet .... 
 
 To THE English Aemt before Sebastopol 
 
 Hands 
 
 The Burden of Nineveh 
 The Chapel in Lyoness . 
 A Year Ago ... 
 Peat but one Prater for Us 
 The Blessed Damozel 
 
 Childhood 
 
 The Staff and Scrip 
 
 The Porch op Life 
 
 IV. XOTICES OF BOOKS. 
 
 Kingsley's Sermons for the Times 
 
 Men and Women. By Robert Browning . 
 
 Mr. Ruskin's New Volume 
 
 Froude's History of England 
 
 The Story of Hiawatha. By H. W. Longfellow . 
 
 Recent Poems and Plays : England in Time op War. 
 
 Sydney Dobell — Within and AVithout 
 By George MacDonald 
 
 By 
 
 A Dramatic Poem 
 
 pa(;e 
 403 
 499 
 488 
 553 
 620 
 664 
 565 
 632 
 530 
 676 
 733 
 
 63 
 
 127 
 191 
 2.%^ 
 320 
 .321 
 388 
 451 
 452 
 512 
 577 
 580 
 644 
 713 
 716 
 771 
 775 
 
 fil 
 162 
 212 
 362 
 
 45 
 
 717 
 
 In the early seventies, if not sooner, I obtained the set in 
 wrappers (as issued) used for the present description ; and at 
 that time I made a manuscript list of the principal authors, 
 specifying their contributions, as far as I was able to ascertain 
 them. As Morris himself was my authority for that list, it is 
 well to print it here, — incomplete as it is; for it is the measure 
 of the information he was then able to give from memory. 
 Morris did not profess to be certain about all the ascriptions in 
 this list ; and it turns out on investigation to be wrong in 
 several particulars. Canon E. W. Dixon and Mr. Cormell 
 Price wrote some, but not all, of the pieces attributed to them ; 
 and Dean Jex Blake did not contribute at all. Judge Lushing- 
 
Oxford and Cainliridge Magazine. 
 
 27 
 
 ton has a list made many years ago upon credible information. 
 It adds the names of several contributors to those given in 
 Morris's list, — as Sir Godfrey Lushington, Professor Lewis 
 Campbell, the late Bernard Craeroft, and Mr. Eobert Campbell; 
 and another list adds the name of Dr. Aldis Wright. Here, 
 however, is the Morris list : — 
 
 PRINCIPAL CONTRIBUTORS 
 
 TO THE 
 
 OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE MAGAZINE. 
 
 AUTHORS 
 
 Mr. Hkelky . 
 
 Mr. FuLFORu (Editor) 
 
 Mr. Morris 
 
 Mr. [now Canon] DixON . 
 
 Mr. [now Sir Edward] 
 
 BUBNB-JONES . 
 
 Mr. CoEMELL Price 
 
 ARTICLES PAGES 
 Sir Philip Sidney .... 1, 129 
 
 Mr. Macaulay 173 
 
 Froude's History of England . . 362 
 
 Alfred Tennyson . . 7, 73, 136 
 
 In Youth I Died . . .127 
 
 Remembrance ... . 258 
 
 A Night in a Cathedral . . .310 
 
 The Suitor of Low Degree . . . 321 
 
 The Singing of the Poet . . .388 
 
 Cavalay 535, 620, 664 
 
 Alexander Smith .... 548 
 
 A Year Ago . . . . 580 
 
 Childhood 716 
 
 The Story of the Unknown Church . . 28 
 
 Winter Weather ... 62 
 
 The Churches of North France . . 99 
 
 The Two Partings ... .110 
 
 A Dream 146 
 
 Men and Women, by R. Browning . 162 
 
 Frank's Sealed Letter. . . 225 
 
 Riding Together . . . 320 
 
 Ruskin and the Quarterly :- . . 353 
 
 Gertha's Lovers . . . 403, 499 
 
 Hands 452 
 
 " Death the Avenger " and I . y- 
 
 " Death the Friend " j . . . ( ( 
 
 Svend and His Brethren . 488 
 
 Lindenborg Pool . . .530 
 
 The Hollow Land . 565, 632 
 
 The Chapel in Lyoness . . 577 
 
 Golden Wings . . . 733 
 
 The Barrier Kingdoms 65 
 
 Unhealthy Employments . 205 
 
 On Popular Lectures . . 316, 453 
 
 A Story of the North . . 81 
 
 Shakespeare's Minor Poems . 115 
 
 Troilus and Cressida . 280 
 
 Thackeray and Currer Bell . 323 
 
 Lancashire and " Mary Barton " 441 
 
 The Work of Young Men . . 568 
 
28 Beginnings 
 
 AUTHORS 
 
 ARTICLES 
 
 PAGES 
 
 Mk. Vernon Ldshinoton Carl.yle 
 
 193, 292, 336, .597, 743 
 
 » 
 
 Two Pictures 
 
 . 479 
 
 Miss MaoDonald . 
 
 . The Sacrifice 
 
 . 271 
 
 (Mrs. [now Lady] 
 
 Burne-Jones) 
 
 
 
 . The Porch of Life 
 
 775 
 
 Mr. Jex Blake 
 
 . Marshal St. Arnaud . 
 
 389 
 
 Mr. D. G. RossETTi. 
 
 . The Burden of Nineveh 
 
 512 
 
 .) 
 
 . The Blessed Damozel . 
 
 713 
 
 „ 
 
 . The Staff and Scrip . 
 
 771 
 
 Neither of the foregoing tables of course gives any view of 
 the arrangement of each number. In that matter much care 
 was displayed. There was but one (No. XI) which did not 
 contain a contribution or more from Morris ; and it is worth 
 while to state here the contents of each number. As a matter 
 of editorial independence, be it recorded that the first thing 
 printed on the inside of the front wrapper, in each of the first 
 three numbers, is this : — 
 
 " Communications to be addressed to the Editor, care of Messrs. Bell and 
 Daldy, 186, Fleet Street. It is requested that no gratuitous Copies of 
 Boolfs be sent for Review." 
 
 Bribery and corruption, even in the mild form of review 
 copies, were to be sternly repressed ! In the following lists of 
 contents the names of the writers, known or supposed, are 
 given in square brackets. Ascriptions about which any doubt 
 has been suggested are marked with a note of interrogation. 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. L 
 
 PAGE 
 
 SiK Philip Sidney. Part I. The Prelude [by Wilfred Hesley] . . 1 
 Alfred Tennyson. An Essay. In Three Parts. Part I. [by the 
 
 Editor, W. Fulford] ... . . 7 
 
 The Cousins [attributed to Sir Edward Burne-Jones] 18 
 
 The Story op the Unknown Church [by Morris] 28 
 
 The Rivals [by Canon R. W. Dixon] . . .... 34 
 
 The Song of IIiawatha. By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow [Review 
 
 attributed to Miss MaoDonald, now Lady Burne-Jones] . . 45 
 
 Essay on the Newcomes [by Sir Edward Burne-Jones] . 50 
 
 Kingsley's Sermons for the Times [by Wilfred Heeley] . . 61 
 
 Winter Weather. A Poem [by Morris] . ... 63 
 
 No. I consists simply of 64 pages and the printed wrapper. 
 
Oxford and Cambridge Magazine. 29 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. II. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 The Barrier Kingdoms [by Canon R. W. Dixon] . . . .65 
 
 Alfred Tennyson. An Essay in Three Parts. Part II. [by the 
 
 Editor] 73 
 
 A Story of the North [by Sir Edward Burnti-Jones] . 81 
 
 The Churches of North France [by Morris] . . 99 
 
 The Two Partings. A Tale [by Morris] . . .110 
 
 Shakespeare's Minor Poeiis [by Cormell Price] . . .115 
 
 In Youth I Died [by the Editor] ... . . 127 
 
 Besides 64 pages and the printed wrapper, No. II contains 
 a notice on a slip, about the article on the Barrier Kingdoms. 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. III. 
 
 ^ PAGE 
 
 Sir Philip Sidney. Part II. The Learner [by Wilfred Heeley] 129 
 
 Alfred Tennyson. An Essay. In Three Parts. Part III. [by the 
 
 Editor] ... . . . 136 
 
 A Dream [by Morris] .... 146 
 
 Found, yet Lost. A Tale [by the Editor] .... 155 
 
 Men and Women. By Robert Browning [Review by Morris] 
 Mr. Maoaulay [by Wilfred Heeley] . . . . 
 
 The Prospects of Peace [by Canon R. W. Dixon] 
 
 A Few Words concerning Plato and Bacon [by the Editor] 
 
 Fear [by the Editor] 
 
 162 
 173 
 185 
 189 
 191 
 
 No. Ill contains 64 pages, and, between the last page and 
 the wrapper, four extra pages of advertizements on the green 
 wrapper-paper. 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. IV. 
 
 I'AGE 
 
 Caelyle [by Vernon Lushington] 193 
 
 Mr. Ruskin's New Volume [attributed to Sir Edward Burne-Jones] 212 
 
 Frank's Sealed Letter [by Morris] ... ... 225 
 
 Oxford [by Sir Godfrey Lushington] . , 234 
 
 Remembrance [by the Editor] . 258 
 
 There are 66 pages in No. IV. Inside the recto wrapper is 
 fastened a sixteen-page pamphlet which, though meant for an 
 advertizement, is not without interest. It is "A Sketch/ of the/ 
 Political History of the Past/ Three Years,/ in connexion with/ 
 The Press Newspaper,/ and/ the Part it has taken on the lead- 
 ing/ Questions of the Time./ London :/ Press Office — 110, 
 Strand./ 1856." The pamphlet ends with a reprint of an 
 article from the paper — an attack on John Bright written in 
 
30 Beginninys. 
 
 imitation of the trenchant style of Swift. An advertizement of 
 TJie Press printed inside the verso wrapper of the magazine 
 divulges the name of the publisher : it was Alfred JOE ! 
 Between the pamphlet and the magazine is pasted a slip bear- 
 ing this notice : — 
 
 N'0'tiC6i Notu Ready, price Is. each, 
 
 A PHOTOGEAPHIC POETEAIT OF THOMAS CAELYLE ; 
 from a Medallion by T. Woolneb ; mounted so as to bind 
 
 with the Oxford and Ccuubridge Magazine. 
 
 LuMiox :— Bell amj D.^ldv, 186, Fleet Steeet. 
 CONTENTS OF No. V. 
 
 PAr.E 
 
 Prometheu.s [by Professor Lewis Campbell] 259 
 
 Unhealthy Emplovments [by Cormell Price and C. J. Faulkner] . 265 
 The Sackifioe. A Tale [attributed to Miss MacDonald, now Lady 
 
 Burne-Jones] . 271 
 
 Shakespeake's Troilus and Ceessida [by the Editor] . 280 
 
 Caklyle [by Vernon Lushington] . 292 
 
 A Night in a Cathedral [by the Editor] . . . 310 
 
 On Popular Lectures. Considered as an Ikkegllar Channel of 
 
 National Education [by Bernard Cracroft] ... 316 
 
 Riding Together [by Morris] 320 
 
 The Suitor of Low Degree [by the Editor] ... . 321 
 
 No. V consists of 64 pages and the wrapper, with an eight- 
 page advertizement of the Scottish Provident Institution 
 inserted at the end — printed in blue. 
 
 CONTENTS OF N... VI. 
 
 FAI.E 
 
 Thackeray and Cukrer Bell [by Bern;»-d Cracroft] . . 323 
 
 Cakljle [by Vernon Lushington] . .... 336 
 
 KUSKIN AND THE QuAETEELY [by Morris] . . 353 
 
 Feoude's Histoey of England [by Wilfred Heeley] . . 362 
 
 The Singing of the Poet [by the Editor] 388 
 
 No. VI has 66 pages. At page 2 of the wrapper a mysterious 
 correspondent, " C," is requested to send his address to the 
 Editor. Between the last page of the number and the third 
 page of the wrapper are inserted an eight-page advertizement 
 of The Westminster Bevieio, a four-page hand-bill about Taylor's 
 Specific Liniment and The American Sugar-coated Pills, and 
 another four-page hand-bill half of which is devoted to a 
 
Oxford and Cambridye Mayazine. 31 
 
 further exposition of the virtues of those pills, and the other 
 half to Messrs. Cassell's publications— the whole, medicines and 
 literature, specially commended for family use ! 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. VII. 
 
 On the Life axd Character ot' Marshal St. Arnaud [by Robert 
 
 Campbell] 
 
 Gebtha's Lovers [by Morris] 
 
 A Study ix Shakespeare [by the Editor] . 
 
 Lancashire and " JIary Barton " [by Cormell Price] 
 
 To THE English Ahjiy before Sebastopol [by the Editor] 
 
 Hands [by Morris] .... . . 
 
 389 
 403 
 417 
 441 
 451 
 452 
 
 No. VII reverts to the simple tradition of 64 pages and a 
 wrapper, but condescends to advertize pictorially "lemiroir 
 face et nuque "—the " New Patent Toilet Glass," an ordinary 
 dressing-table glass, but with an arm projecting forward from 
 the top, and a small round mirror so hung from the arm that 
 a most unpreraphaelite lady, gazing in the main glass, sees, 
 above the reflexion of her face, a lunette containing the image 
 of the back of her head and neck. The poem here called 
 Hands reappears as a part of Bapunzel in The Defence of 
 Guenevere and Other Poems. 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. VIII. 
 
 On Popular Leotukbs, considered as an Irregular Channel op 
 
 National Education [by Bernard Cracrof t] .... 
 Woman, heb Duties, Education and Position [by the Editor] . 
 "Death the Avenger" and "Death the Friend" [by Morris] 
 
 Two Pictures [by Vernon Lushington] 
 
 SvEND AND his BRETHREN [by Morris] . . 
 
 Gebtha's Lovers [by Morris] 
 
 The Burden op Nineveh [by Dante Gabriel Hossetti] 
 
 453 
 462 
 477 
 479 
 488 
 499 
 512 
 
 No. VIII has but 64 pages again and no "miroir face et 
 nuque" on the wrapper. In some copies the leaf on which 
 pages 465 and 466 appear was incorrectly printed by what 
 " Lewis Carroll " would call mixture of the bowsprit with the 
 rudder, — that is to say the bottom line of the right column was 
 put at the top of the left column, and the top line of the left 
 column was put at the head of the right. A cancel-leaf was 
 printed, and is sometimes found at the end of No. XII. 
 
32 Beginnings. 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. IX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 RoBEKT Hekriok [by Dr. W. AJdis Wright] 517 
 
 LiNDENBORO PoOL [by Moms] 530 
 
 Cavalat. a Chapter of a Life [by the Editor] . . . 535 
 
 Alexander Smith [by the Editor] 548 
 
 The Work of Young Men in the Present Age [by Cormell Price] 558 
 
 The Hollow Land. A Tale [by Morris] 565 
 
 The Chapel in Lyoness. A Poem [by Morris] 577 
 
 A Year Ago. A Poem [by the Editor] . . . 580 
 
 No. IX again has the normal 64 pages ; but the four-page 
 hniment and pills paper reappears at the end ; and so does 
 Our Lady of the Looking Glass on page 4 of the wrapper. 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. X. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Twelfth Night ; or, What You Will. A Study in Shakespeare [by 
 
 the Editor] . ... ... 581 
 
 The Sceptic and the Infidel [by Bernard Cracroft] .... 605 
 
 Cavalay. a Chapter of a Life. Part II. [by the Editor] . . 620 
 
 The Hollow Land. A Tale [by Morris] . . . . 632 
 
 Rogers' Table Talk [the Editor] . 641 
 
 Prat but One Prayer for Us. A Poem [by Morris] . . . 644 
 
 No. X is also a normal number of 64 pages and wrapper ; but 
 no lady this time contemplates simultaneously the fatal beauty 
 of her face and nape. 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. XI. 
 
 PAKE 
 
 The Sceptic and the Infidel (Concluded) [by Bernard Cracroft] . 645 
 
 Cavalay. A Chapter of a Life. Part II[I]. [by the Editor] . . 664 
 
 The Deuid ,\nd the Maiden [attributed to Sir Edward Burne-Jones] 676 
 
 Caelyle as a Writer. Chapter IV. [by Vernon Lushington] . 697 
 
 The Blessed Damozel [by Dante Gabriel Roasetti] . . 713 
 
 Childhood [by the Editor] . . . . . 71 6 
 
 No. XI has an extra half-sheet, 72 pages in all. Opposite 
 page 2 of the wrapper is pasted a slip bearing the following 
 notice : — 
 
 ITotice. Noiv Beady, price Is. each, 
 PHOTOGEAPHIG POETEAITS OF THOIMAS CAELYLE, 
 AND ALFEED TENNYSON; from JVEedaUions by T. 
 WooLNEE ; mounted so as to bind with the Oxford and 
 Cambridge Magazine. 
 
 London:— Bell and Daldy, 186, Fleet Street. 
 
 On page 4 of the wrapper Our Lady of the ]\Iirror makes her 
 third and last appearance. 
 
Sir Galahad. 33 
 
 CONTENTS OF No. XII. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Recent Poems and Plays [attributed to Miss MaoDonald] . 717 
 
 Golden Wings [by Morris] .... . 733 
 
 Caelyle. Chapter V. [by Vernon Lushington] . . 743 
 
 The Staff and Scrip [by Dante Gabriel Rossetti] . . 771 
 
 The Pokch of Life [by Mis3 MacDonald, now Lady Burne- Jones] . 775 
 
 No. XII contains 70 pages of" fresh matter, the title-page 
 and contents (2 leaves) and the cancel for pages 465-6 already 
 mentioned, — that is to say 76 pages in all. 
 
 In this final number some one played Morris an unwarrant- 
 able trick. The third paragraph of his story called Golden 
 Wings, page 733, should open with the words: — " I have talked 
 to old knights since who fought in that battle, and who told 
 me that it was all about a lady that they fought ;" but the wag 
 whom I am unable to specify substituted " an old lady " for 
 " a lady " ; and so the passage was printed. 
 
 I have not succeeded in fixing the exact date of Morris's next 
 contribution to literature. Its title-page is plainly enough 
 dated 1858 ; but whether it belongs to the early part of that 
 year or the latter part of the year before, it does not seem 
 possible to say. It is but a thin little pamphlet, and cannot 
 be traced in the books of Messrs. George Bell and Sons, the 
 imprint of whose predecessors, Messrs. Bell and Daldy, it 
 bears. Neither is it traceable at the Chiswick Press, at which 
 The Oxford and Cambridge Magazine and Morris's first two 
 volumes of poetry were printed. It does not, however, look 
 like Chiswick Press printing ; and so small a thing may have 
 been got done anywhere. The title-page is 
 
 (2) 
 
 SIR GALAHAD 
 
 A CHEISTMAS MYSTEEY. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 BELL AND DALDY, 186, FLEET STEEBT. 
 
 1858. 
 
 3 
 
34 Beginnings. 
 
 This very rare little tract is a foolscap 8vo. consisting of half- 
 title, " SIE GALAHAD," title, and 14 pages of text. Pages 
 6 to 18 are numbered in the outer top corners as usual ; and the 
 head-lines read throughout " Sie Galahad, a Chbistmas 
 Mystery," in capitals and small capitals. It appears to have 
 
 been thought worth while to make a facsimile reprint : 
 (3) it is not an absolute facsimile, of course ; for there is 
 
 probably no such thing in the wide world. This one, 
 though very cleverly executed, is not difficult to detect when set 
 beside the original. The paper is thinner and whiter in the 
 reprint than in the real thing, — looks more recent, altogether, 
 and does not show up the type so well. Then there are typo- 
 graphical differences. In the half-title of the reprint is an L 
 with a broken serif : it is perfect in the original In the title 
 of the reprint the date is thfee sixteenths of an inch below the 
 publication line, whereas in the original the distance is one 
 thirty-second of an inch less. In the "dropped head" at 
 page 5 the M in CHRISTMAS is broken in the reprint though 
 perfect in the original. But perhaps the easiest test for a wary 
 collector is to be found in the third line of page 16, where the 
 word hauberk is spelt without a final e in the reprint, although 
 Morris spelt it with a final e, hauherke, both in the original 
 tract and in The Defence of Chieiievere and other Poems (1858). 
 One more diiJerence is that the original is a sheet and a single 
 leaf, while the reprint has, in such copies as I have met with, 
 a blank leaf attached to the last leaf of the text. Of course I can- 
 not say that all copies are so, or that no copy of the original 
 will ever turn up with such a blank leaf at the end ; but there 
 is that difference between copies of the two issues as known to 
 me. This poem was naturally included in the volume issued in 
 the course of 1858 under the title of The Defence of Guenevere, 
 and other Poems, which also contained poems already issued in 
 the magazine. When the contents of that most remarkable 
 book were being composed, Mr. Swinburne, also at Oxford, 
 had in hand, perhaps in print, his Bosammid, which, how- 
 ever, was at all events not " submitted to the censure of the 
 ingenuous " public till 1860, when it appeared with The Queen- 
 Mother. Whether notes were compared by means of manu- 
 scripts or of private prints, certain it is that each of the two 
 young poets was greatly impressed with the other's work, each 
 giving the palm to his friendly rival. Further, each dedicated 
 
The Defence of Guenevere. 35 
 
 his book to Dante Gabriel Rossetti. The title-page of Morris's 
 first substantive volume reads thus : — 
 
 THE 
 
 DEFENCE OF GUENEVERE, 
 
 AND OTHER POEMS. 
 By WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 BELL AND DALDY, 186, FLEET STEEET. 
 
 1858. 
 
 This is a foolscap 8vo. of 248 pages beside four preliminary- 
 leaves, namely a half-title reading THE DEFENCE OF 
 GUENEVEEE,/ AND OTHEE POEMS, title with blank 
 verso, dedication with blank verso, and two pages of " Con- 
 tents." The dedication is — 
 
 TO MY FRIEND, 
 
 DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI, 
 
 PAINTER, 
 I DEDICATE THESE POEMS. 
 
 The list of contents is as follows : — 
 
 3—2 
 
36 Beyinninys. 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PACE 
 
 The Defence of Guenevebe . . -1 
 
 Kixc Aethuh's Tomb . . 19 
 
 Sir (Ialahad, a Chhistmas Mysteky . 43 
 
 The Chai'el in Lyoness . . 57 
 
 Sir Peter Harpdon's End . . C5 
 
 Rapunzel Ill 
 
 GoNOEENiNO Geffeay Teste Noiee . ■ .135 
 
 A Good Night in Prison . . 148 
 
 Old Love ... .15.5 
 
 The Gilliei.ower of Gold . . 159 
 
 Shameful Death . 163 
 
 The Eve of Ceeoy . 166 
 
 The Judgment of God . 169 
 
 The Little Tower . 174 
 
 The Sailing of the Sword 178 
 
 Spell-bound . . 182 
 
 The Wind . .187 
 
 The Blue Closet . . 194 
 
 The Tune of Seven Towers . .199 
 
 Golden Wings ... 202 
 
 The Haystack in the Eloods . 215 
 
 Two Red Roses across the Moon 'I2Z 
 
 Well and River . . . 226 
 
 Riding Togetheji . . . . 231 
 
 Father John's War-song . . . 234 
 
 Sir Giles' War-song 237 
 
 Near Avalon . . 239 
 
 Praise of My Lady . 241 
 
 Su.iiMER Dawn . . 246 
 
 In Prison . . 247 
 
 There is a five-line list of Errata^ printed on a slip and, in 
 original copies "as issued," attached by one end to page 1. 
 The book is printed in the ornate style general at that time in 
 Chiswick Press Books. The pages are numbered in Arabic 
 figures in the outer top corners ; and the title of each poem is 
 printed as a head-line, recto and verso, in italics. At the foot of 
 page 248, below a thin rule, is the imprint " chiswick peess : — 
 
 FEINTED BY C. WHITTINGHAM,/ TOOKS COUET, CHANCEEY LANE." 
 
 The cover is of dark brown diced cloth with brownish drab 
 end-papers, and is lettered in gilt at the back " THE/ 
 DEFENCE/ OF/ GUENEVEEE/ MOEEIS/ LONDON/ 
 
 1 ERRATA 
 
 I'iige 13, bottom line, for the, read to. 
 „ 75, line 10, for yard, read gard. 
 „ S8, four lines from bottom, for harms, read harm. 
 ,, 106, line 1, for yo, read go. 
 ,, 220, line 10, for gag me, Bobert, read gag mt Eolert. 
 
The Defence of Guenerere. 37 
 
 BELL & DALDY." Though 500 copies were printed, it is 
 now not easy to buy a copy. 
 
 During the days of the great fame which greeted Morris on the 
 succession of The Earthly Paradise to Jason, he had what I 
 cannot doubt to have been a genuine misprision of this deHght- 
 ful little book. With his usual unerring instinct, however, he 
 refused to revise it ; and it was with difficulty that he was 
 persuaded, by the year 1875, to allow it to be reprinted in one 
 of those agreeable crown 8vo. volumes which issued from 33 
 King Street and 29 New Bond Street. The title-page of the 
 reprint reads thus : — 
 
 (5) 
 
 THE/ DEFENCE OF GUENEVEEE,/ AND OTHEE 
 POEMS./ BY WILLIAM MOREIS./ (Beprinted with- 
 out alteration from the edition of 1858. J/ LONDON :/ 
 ELLIS & WHITE, 29, NEW BOND STEEET./ 
 1875. 
 
 This crown 8vo. book is a page-for-page reprint of the fools- 
 cap 8vo., but in the plain style of typography adopted by 
 Strangeways and Walden for The JEarthly Paradise and other 
 poems by Morris. At the foot of page 248 it has the imprint, 
 not of Strangeways and Walden, but of Mr. Eoberts, thus — 
 
 " FEINTED BY EOBEET EOBEETS, BOSTON, LINCOLNSHIEE." It 
 
 seems to have been set up from a copy of the first edition want- 
 ing the Errata slip ; and so literally was the poet's determi- 
 nation, not to revise his early work, carried out, that with one 
 exception his corrections of 1858 were not made, and the text 
 suffers accordingly. The one correction made, out of the five 
 directed, was go for yo ; and that a printer of Mr. Eoberts's 
 stamp could scarcely help making. The book was issued in an 
 unusually fine " Morris-green " cloth, unblocked, with a 
 printed back-label, reading " the/ DEFENCE/ of/ GUEN- 
 EVEEE/ And other Poems/ by/ W. MOEEIS./ Bs.'' There were 
 twenty-five copies on Whatman's paper, of demy Bvo. size, 
 done up in grey paper boards with cream- white paper backs 
 and printed labels. 
 
 The poet's heart must, one would think, have softened at 
 last towards this child of his early manhood, or how should he 
 have sent it forth again in all the beauty of Kelmscott Press 
 
38 Bef/i'iininfjs. 
 
 printing ? Tiiis he certainly did, setting it in the Golden type, 
 and doing all that might be done to make its array as choice 
 as the poetry itself. Like many other Kelmscott books, this, 
 which is a small 8vo., has no title-page properly so called; 
 and we have to fall back on the half-title and colophon. The 
 half-title is 
 
 (6) 
 
 THE DEFENCE OF GUENBVEEE,/ AND OTHEE 
 POEMS. BY WILLIAM/ MOEEIS. 
 
 On the verso of this is the list of contents ; and the leaf 
 appears to be the fourth in a half sheet ; for it is pre- 
 ceded by three blank leaves beside the end-paper. The first 
 page of the text has one of those beautiful ornamental 
 borders now so renowned, and is printed in black capitals 
 with a large ornamental initial, and preceded by the rubric 
 "HEEE BEGINNETH THE DEFENCE OF GUEN- 
 EVEEE.'' The poems occupy 169 pages, are set without 
 head-lines, but with rubricated titles at the top of the outer 
 margins. There are Arabic page-numbers at the foot, orna- 
 mental capitals galore designed by the author, occasional other 
 ornaments ; and all names of speakers, stage directions, and 
 refrains, are printed in red. The colophon is 
 
 HEEE ends The Defence of Guenevere, and/ other Poems, 
 written by William Morris ; and/ printed by him at the 
 Kelmscott Press, 14, Upper Mall, Hammersmith, in the 
 County of/ Middlesex ; & finished on the 2nd day of April,/ 
 of the Year 1892./ Sold by Beeves & Turner, 196, 
 Strand, London. 
 
 This is followed by the smaller book-mark ; and the page, 
 being the verso of the 6th leaf in signature m, is followed by 
 three blank leaves completing the sheet, beside the end-paper. 
 The book is a very desirable one : it is of those in which the 
 thin, crisp, hand-made paper is left wholly untrimmed. It is 
 bound in limp vellum with silk ties of colours varying in 
 different copies; and, instead of being gilt-lettered, the word 
 "Guenevere" is written in ink up the back in bold medieval 
 
Tlie Defence of Guenevere. 39 
 
 letters. This was done by Mr. F. S. Ellis for the whole issue. 
 There were 300 copies on paper and 10 on vellum. 
 
 The Kelmscott Guenevere would have been still more trea- 
 surable if the opportunity had been taken to purify the text. 
 If Morris read the proofs he must have done so without much 
 realization of his early work, and but just enough to attend to 
 the due artiste disposition of the type. The " copy " given to 
 the Kelmscott printers was one of the 1875 reissue, marked in 
 regard to the ornaments to be used. The first erratum on the 
 list of 1858 deals with the passage always printed 
 
 my eyes. 
 Wept all away the grey, may bring some sword 
 To drown yon in your blood ; 
 
 and, when the poet's intention was fresh in his mind, he 
 directed that we were to read " wept all away to grey." That 
 is no doubt the true meaning ; but the passage was not so 
 printed either by Mr. Eoberts in 1875 or by Morris himself in 
 1892, and is still corrupt. The same is true of the line in Sir 
 Peter Harpdon's End, 
 
 A sprawling lonely yard with rotten walls, 
 
 which retains the word yard though Morris directed the sub- 
 stitution of gard in 1858. The next correction from the 1858 
 Errata slip, though not made at Boston, was made at the 
 Kelmscott Press : it is in the passage 
 
 't will harm your cause 
 To hang knights of good name, harm here in France 
 
 in which the second harm was formerly misprinted harms. 
 The fourth correction of 1858, go for yo, was of course duly 
 made at Hammersmith as formerly at Boston ; but the most im- 
 portant of all is the fifth, which was made at neither press. 
 In The Haystack in the Floods, where Godmar is taunting 
 .Jehane, and breaks off to direct his people to gag her Knight 
 Eobert, who of course could not otherwise keep silence, the 
 words of all three editions are 
 
 Eh — gag me, Robert ! — sweet my friend, 
 This were indeed a piteous end. 
 
 The direction of 1858 to substitute "gag me Robert" should 
 
40 Beijinmngs. 
 
 be carried out at the first opportunity. Godmar of course does 
 not, even in irony, invite Eobert to gag him, but for conveni- 
 ence tells his people to gag Eobert for him, me being the 
 dative, as in " saddle me the ass." At page 57 of the Kelm- 
 scott edition the line 
 
 Do you care altogether more for France 
 
 is properly substituted for 
 
 Do you care altogether more than France 
 
 in which tJian was an undetected error of the editions of 1858 
 and 1875. On the other hand, at page 60 is a new error : the 
 line 
 
 And yet you will be hung like a cur dog 
 
 is disfigured by the omission of yet. 
 
 As Master-printer Morris jotted down on the sheets of 
 Master-printer Eobert Eoberts of Boston in Lincolnshire in- 
 structions to the Kelmscott workmen concerning the orna- 
 mental letters and " sides " they were to set against the text 
 of these early poems, the eye of Master-poet Morris opened 
 once, at least, and fell upon a cockney rhyme. It was almost 
 at the end of the book that this critical awakening took place. 
 He saw that in the tender little poem called Summer Dawn 
 the final set of rhymes stood thus : — 
 
 Through the long twilight they pray for the dawn. 
 Round the lone house in the midst of the corn. 
 
 Of this couplet he struck out the first line, substituting 
 
 They pray the long gloom through for daylight new-born 
 
 and did not, it seems, trouble himself further about the matter 
 when the proofs came ; for the line was printed with a full- 
 stop at the end and so disconnected from the line which 
 follows it and completes the sense ! This poem had appeared 
 without a title in The Oxford and Cambridge Magazine, where 
 "the roses are dun" had been misprinted "the roses are 
 dim." This was corrected in the Ouenevere volume of 1868, 
 wherein the title Summer Daicn was added ; but the rhyme 
 " dawn " and " corn " survived till 1892. The correction then 
 
The Defence of Guenei^ere. 4] 
 
 made recalled to my mind a friendly passage of arms I had 
 with Morris in 1875 over the Virgil. He had used " wrath" 
 and " forth " as a rhyme ; and I had asked him to alter it — 
 characterizing the rhyme in the usual manner. He wrote 
 promising to consider the point, but adding that, " not having 
 had the misfortune to be born in Aberdeen," he had " no need 
 to call happier people cocknies." He went on to say he would 
 defend the rhyme in another man's work if not used too often 
 because "no South Englishman makes any difference in 
 ordinary talk between dawn and morn for instance." I fear 
 it was only the criterion of frequency that was applied in 1892 
 to Summer Dawn ; for he had this very rhyme twice in that 
 little poem, and struck it out in one place, letting it stand in 
 the other. 
 
 Since the transfer of Morris's works from Messrs. Eeeves 
 
 and Turner to Messrs. Longmans, Green, and Co., the 
 
 Guenevere volume, like other separate poetical books of 
 
 (7) the author, has been issued with a printed label which, 
 
 alone, connects the volumes as a set of ten. The 
 
 label in this case reads " THE/ POETICAL/ WOEKS OF/ 
 
 WILLIAM/ MOEEIS/ the/ DEFENCE/ of/ GUENEVEEE/ 
 
 And other Poems/ Six Shillings." 
 
 The Defence of Guenevere of 1858 must have sold very 
 slowly ; for it was still to be had at Messrs. Bell and Daldy's 
 after they had moved to York Street, Covent Garden, and 
 published the Jason. But it was difficult to get soon after the 
 first volume of The Earthly Paradise appeared, and is now 
 rather eagerly sought, — most collectors still preferring the 
 editio princeps even to the Kelmscott impression. 
 
QUEEN SQUARE 
 
 THE LIFE AND DEATH OP JASON 
 
 THE EAETHLY PAEADISE 
 
 SAGAS FEOM THE ICELANDIC 
 
The woon-cuT on bookmauk madk for "The Eauthlt Pakadise.' 
 
QUEEN SQUARE: 
 
 The Life and Death of Jason — The Earthly Paradise — 
 Sagas from the Icelandic. 
 
 Morris's next book, the superlative merits of which were 
 destined to be quickly recognized both by the critics and by the 
 reading public, was to have been called The Deeds of Jason ; 
 but, by the time he had it ready for publication, that title was 
 rejected in favour of a longer one. By January 1867 the epic 
 in seventeen books was finished, and an edition of 500 copies 
 put through the press with the following title : 
 
 (8) 
 
 THE LIFE AND DEATH 
 OF JASON 
 
 By WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 BELL AND DALDY, 
 YORK STREET, CO VENT GARDEN. 
 1867. 
 
 It is an agreeable crown 8vo. printed on a thinnish creamy 
 laid paper. The seventeen books occupy 363 pages, preceded 
 simply by a half-title, THE LIFE AND DEATH/ OF 
 JASON, the title-page itself, and a slip bearing a ten-line list 
 of errata, which was bound up with the sheets so as to get a 
 secure place between the title and the opening of the book. 
 In this first edition, an "Argument," thirteen lines of small 
 
46 Queen Square. 
 
 type, precedes the opening of the poem on page 1. It is an 
 argument of the whole story ; and the individual books are not 
 furnished with arguments. In later editions, they are. The 
 pages are numbered in Arabic figures in the outer top corners ; 
 and the head-lines, which are in italic capitals, read " THE 
 LIFE AND DEATH" on versos, " OF JASON" on rectos. 
 At the foot of page 363, below a thin rule, is the imprint — 
 
 CHISWICK PBESS : — FEINTED BY WHITTINGHAM AND WILKINS,/ 
 
 TooKs COURT, CHANCERY LANE. On an Unpaged leaf at the 
 end is an announcement that The Earthly Paradise is in 
 preparation. The book is bound in unblocked cherry -coloured 
 cloth, smooth, but not excessively shiny, with a printed label 
 reading " The/ Life/ and/ Death/ of/ Jason/ A Poem/ by/ 
 William Morris/ Bell and Daldy." The announcement of 
 The Earthly Paradise, an important document, is as follows : 
 
 In preparation, ly the same Author. 
 
 THE EARTHLY PARADISE. 
 
 CONTAINING THE FOLLOWING TALES 
 IN VERSE. 
 
 Pbologue, — The Wandekeks ; ob, The Search for Eteknal Youth. 
 
 The Story oe Theseus. 
 
 The Son oe Criesus. 
 
 The Story oe Cupid and Psyche. 
 
 The King's Treasuhe-House. 
 
 The Story oe Orpheus and Eurydice. 
 
 The Story oe Pygmalion. 
 
 Atalanta's Race. 
 
 The Doom of King Acrisius, 
 
 The Story oe Rhodope. 
 
 The Dolphins and the Lovers. 
 
 The Fortunes oe Gyges. 
 
 The St(iky of Bellerophon. 
 
 The Watching op the Falcon. 
 
 The Lady of the Land. 
 
 The Hill of Venus. 
 
 The Seven Sleepers. 
 
 The Man who never laughbd again. 
 
 The Palace East of the Sun. 
 
 The Queen of the North. 
 
 The Story of Dorothea. 
 
 The Writing on the Image. 
 
 The Pkoud King. 
 
 The Rinc. given to Venus. 
 
 The Man born to be King, 
 
 Epilogue. 
 
Jason. 47 
 
 Although that is not the precise program which was followed, 
 it was the inventory of further intellectual property which 
 fell into the hands of Morris's old friend Mr. F. S. Ellis together 
 with the beautiful poem to which it was appended. Up to that 
 time, Morris had risked his own money on his poetic ventures. 
 On seeing the Jason, Mr. Ellis, then a bookseller and publisher 
 in King Street, Covent Garden, told the poet that, had he seen 
 the poem in manuscript, he would have published it at his own 
 risk, and that he was ready to follow that course in respect of 
 the larger work in preparation. In the mean while the Jason 
 was doing well enough to induce Messrs. Bell and Daldy, who 
 had published both it and the Guenevere volume on commis- 
 sion, to arrange with the author for the payment of 
 (9-10) a fixed sum for the right to print on their own 
 account 1000 copies. Jason was therefore set up 
 again for their account ; a second edition of 500 was printed, 
 and published in December 1867 ; stereotype plates were 
 made ; and, in October 1868, a third edition was issued, 
 printed from those plates. This, however, was the last book 
 published for Morris by Messrs. Bell and Daldy ; for the long- 
 standing arrangement with Mr. Ellis began that very year. 
 
 The book being stereotyped, the plates were transferred from 
 the Chiswick Press to Messrs. Strangeways and Walden when 
 the fourth edition was called for in 1869 ; and Mr. Ellis, who 
 had bought the plates, and had in the meantime issued the first 
 volume of The Earthly Paradise, published, still in crown 8vo., 
 the edition of which the title-page reads thus : — 
 
 (11) 
 
 THE/ LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON/ A POEM./ 
 [Wood-cut] By/ WILLIAM MOERIS,/ Authoe of The 
 Earthly Paeadisb,/ fourth edition, j London: F. S. 
 Ellis, 33 King Street, Covent Garden./ mdccclxix./ 
 [All Bights reserved.] 
 
 Of this edition 1000 ordinary copies were printed. They bad 
 passed through the press by July 1869, and were issued in red 
 cloth, labelled, as usual. 
 
 Twenty-five demy 8vo. copies were printed on Whatman's 
 hand-made paper ; and these, from which the date was 
 
48 
 
 Queen Square. 
 
 omitted, were put up in grey paper boards with white backs, and 
 printed labels. A single demy 8vo. copy on machine-made 
 paper (wove) was printed with the date, and put up in light 
 brown cloth with the ordinary printed label. As this is some- 
 thing of a curiosity, I give the title-page below : — 
 
 THE 
 
 LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON 
 
 A rOEM. 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS, 
 
 Author of The Eaethly Pakadise. 
 
 FOURTH EDlTlO^•. 
 
 London : F. S. Ellis, So King Street, Covent Garden. 
 
 MDCCOLXIX. 
 [All Rights rom'^cd.] 
 
 In January 1872 another 1000 ordinary copies issued from 
 
 the press. These (perhaps with some left over 
 
 (12-13-14) from the 1000 done in 1869) are believed to have 
 
 formed the fifth, sixth, and seventh editions. 
 
 The sixth has a half-title and title like the previous ones, but 
 
 with the words sixth sdition above the imprint, which is 
 
 "LONDON:/ ELLIS AND GREEN,/ 33 KING STREET, 
 
 COVENT GARDEN, W.C./ 1872." The imprint at the foot 
 
 of page 376 is " LONDON :/ Printed by John Steangeways, 
 
 Castle St. Leicester Sq." On the verso of the leaf is the 
 
 usual book-mark as on the title. The book was issued in the 
 
 usual red cloth, but with a blind single-rule border on the 
 
 sides and gilt-lettered at the back "THE/ LIFE/ AND/ 
 
Jason. 
 
 49 
 
 DEATH/ OF/ JASON/ W. MOEEIS." The end-papers are 
 white. The eighth edition was revised : its title-page is 
 
 (15) 
 
 THE/ LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON/ A POEM./ 
 [Wood-cut.J BY/ WILLIAM MOEEIS,/ Author op 
 The Eakthly Paeadise./ Eighth Edition, revised by the 
 Author./ LONDON :/ ELLIS AND WHITE, 29 NEW 
 BOND STEEET, W./ 1882./ [All Bights reserved.] 
 
 Two thousand ordinary and 25 large-paper copies were printed. 
 This issue again consists of 376 pages of poetry preceded by a 
 half-title, " THE/ LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON " and a 
 title with the complete " argument " on the verso, and followed 
 by four pages of advertizements. The imprint at the foot of 
 page 376, below a thin rule, is " LONDON :/ Printed by 
 Stbangeways & Sons, Tower Street, Upper St. Martin's Lane." 
 The book is bound in unblocked red cloth, with white end- 
 papers, and has a printed label reading " THE/ LIFE/ AND/ 
 DEATH/ OF/ JASON./ W. MOEEIS./ Eighth Edition./ 8s." 
 The large-paper copies were done up in the usual grey boards 
 
 backed with white 
 and labelled. A fire 
 which broke out at 
 the Strangeways 
 printing-house had 
 destroyed, inter alia, 
 the bold block cut by 
 Morris for the book- 
 mark of this period ; 
 and the design had 
 been badly repro- 
 duced, as shown by 
 the fac-simile here- 
 with. 
 
 In 1895 Morris is- 
 sued Jason in a new 
 form — one of the 
 sumptuous quartos 
 of the Kelmscott press (folio shape), printed in black and 
 
 4 
 
50 Queen Square. 
 
 red in the Troy type and adorned by two wood-cuts after Sir 
 Edward Burne-Jones's designs. The title reads thus : — 
 
 (16) 
 THE LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON./ A POEM. BY 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 The colophon is as follows : " Here endeth the Life and 
 Death of Jason, Written by William Morris, and printed by 
 the said William Morris at the Kelmscott Press, Upper Mall, 
 Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex, and finished on 
 the 25th day of May, 1895. Sold by William Morris at the 
 Kelmscott Press." Besides the 353 pages of the book proper, 
 there are leaves at the beginning and at the end forming part 
 of the sheets of the book. The wood-cuts face pages 5 and 354; 
 and the larger Kelmscott book-mark is to be found at page 357. 
 The binding, by Leighton, is of limp vellum with silk ties, 
 lettered in gold at the back " THE/ LIFE AND DEATH/ OF 
 JASON/ BY WILLIAM/ MOEEIS " ; and the end-papers 
 are complete sheets of the same paper as the book (four leaves 
 at each end, including the paste-down). 
 
 It was not to be supposed that a poet of Morris's extra- 
 ordinary productiveness and versatility confined himself within 
 even such limits as were indicated in the announcement of 
 The Earthly Paradise made at the end of Jason. Some of 
 the overflow of his energy, while prosecuting the extensive 
 scheme of poetic romance by which he was long best known, 
 enriched the pages of periodicals. As early as August 1869 
 a longish minor poem, The God of the Poor, appeared in 
 The Fortnightly Beview, — to reappear as a pamphlet in the 
 Sociahst period of his activity. In October 1868 the same 
 periodical contained that charming dialogue of youths and 
 maidens The Two Sides of the Biver. 
 
 The first instalment of the great cycle of tales which we 
 know as The Earthly Paradise came out in 1868 without 
 any very obtrusive indications of incompleteness, although 
 people who took the trouble to read the advertizements at 
 the end of this volume of nearer 700 than 600 pages had 
 no valid excuse for thinking that their newly acquired treasure 
 was a complete book in itself. It was for this book that 
 the graceful and admirably composed design of the three 
 
The Earthly Paradise. 51 
 
 lady minstrels in a garden was made and out upon wood by 
 the poet himself ; although the use of it was at once extended 
 to Jason. The title-page of the first volume of The Earthly 
 Paradise is as follows : 
 
 (17) 
 THE 
 
 EARTHLY PAEADISE 
 
 A POEM. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 Author of The Lifb and Death of Jason. 
 
 London: F. S. Ellis, 33 King Street, Covent Garden. 
 
 MDOCCLXVIII 
 [All Rights reserved.] 
 
 It is a crown 8vo. volume containing 676 pages of poetry. 
 There are four preliminary leaves, namely a half-title THE 
 EAETHLY PAEADISE, the title with an imprint on the 
 verso, LONDON :/ Steangeways and Walden, Peintees,/ 
 28 Castle St. Leicester Sq., a leaf bearing on the recto the 
 words "TO/ MY WIPE/ I DEDICATE THIS BOOK," 
 and " A Table of Contents " occupying two pages. Facing 
 page 676, the book-mark is repeated on a leaf which has the 
 imprint of Strangeways and Walden again on the verso. This 
 is followed by four pages of advertizements, one about the 
 rest of The Earthly Paradise, one about Jason, and two about 
 other works published by Mr. Ellis. The book was issued in 
 dark green unblocked cloth with white end-papers and a 
 printed label reading "THE EAETHLY/ PAEADISE/ A 
 POEM./ BY/ WILLIAM MOEEIS./ Price 14s." 
 
 4—2 
 
52 Queen Square. 
 
 There were 25 copies printed on Whatman's hand-made 
 paper of demy 8vo. size. This made the book too thick to be 
 done up in one volume ; and it was divided into two. The 
 title-page was not altered ; but the Strangeways imprint was 
 inserted on the verso of page 343 to mark the close of Vol. I ; 
 and on the recto of page 344 a half-title was printed, reading 
 THE EAETHLY PAEADISE/ A POEM./ BY WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS./ VOL. II. The volumes were put up in blue paper 
 boards with cream-white backs, labelled THE EAETHLY/ 
 PAEADISE./ W. MOEEIS./ I [II]. These and many, if 
 not all, of the large-paper books issued by Mr. Ellis from 
 Covent Garden and New Bond Street were done up by an 
 old-fashioned binder named Shaw in Eeatherstone Buildings. 
 They were so done as to present a very agreeable appearance. 
 The bands showed through the backs ; and one felt some con- 
 fidence that the unpretentious sewing was destined to hold the 
 sheets together as long as one wished. I have never yet seen 
 any copies coming to pieces as ordinary trade sewing allows 
 books to do. 
 
 In order to note changes of program as we go along it is well 
 to set forth what we have in this first instalment and what it 
 was intended to add thereto. Here, therefore, from pages vii 
 and viii, is 
 
 A TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 PACK 
 
 A n Apology .... . .1 
 
 Prologue — The Wanderers . . 3 
 
 The Author to the Reader . . 102 
 
 MARCH 103 
 
 Atalanta's Race ... . 107 
 
 The Man bom to be King . 137 
 
 APRIL 216 
 
 The Doom of King Acrisius . 218 
 
 The Proud King . . . . 310 
 
 MAY ..... 344 
 
 The Story of Cupid and Psyche . . . 347 
 
 The Writing mi the Image . . 440 
 
 JUNE 454 
 
 The Love of Alcestis . . . 456 
 
 The Lady of the Land . . 506 
 
 JULY 528 
 
 The Son of Crossns .... .530 
 
 The Watching of the Falcon . . 552 
 
 AUGUST ... 586 
 
 Pygmalion and the Image .... . . 588 
 
 Ogier the Dane ... 617 
 
The Earthly Paradise. 53 
 
 Up to this time (April 1868) the intention of completing the 
 book in two volumes appears to have held ; for the notice at 
 the end of the first volume is as follows : 
 
 IN PMEPARATION 
 
 THK 
 
 SECOND AND CONCLUDING VOLUME 
 
 01'' 
 
 THE EARTHLY PARADISE 
 
 WHICH WILL CONTAIN 
 
 THE FOLLOWING TALES IN VERSE. 
 
 The Story op Theseus. 
 
 The Hill of Venus. 
 
 The Story of Orpheus and Eurydioe. 
 
 The Story op Dorothea. 
 
 The Fortunes of Gyges. 
 
 The Palace East of the Sun. 
 
 The Dolphins and the Lovers. 
 
 The Man who never Laughed again. 
 
 The Story op Rhodope. 
 
 Amys and Amillion. 
 
 The Story op Bblleeophon. 
 
 The Ring given to Venus. 
 
 The Epilogue to the Earthly Paradise. 
 
 The edition of 1000 copies was quickly exhausted ; and a 
 
 further issue of 750 copies was ready by about midsummer. 
 
 To this issue the description of the first applies, save 
 
 (18) that the words " second edition " are inserted over the 
 
 publisher's name in the title-page and under the author's 
 
 name on the label, while the advertizements about The Earthly 
 
 Paradise and Jason alone appear on a single leaf at the end, 
 
 and the miscellaneous advertizements on a smaller leaf pasted 
 
 on the first end-paper. In August 1868, 1260 more 
 
 (19-20) copies were printed ; and these are beheved to have 
 
 formed the third and fourth editions, to each of 
 
 which the same general description applies as to the first and 
 
 second. The fifth edition was in two volumes printed on thicker 
 
 paper, laid instead of wove. Of this edition 1000 copies were 
 
 printed. They were through the press by November 
 
 (21) 1869. The variations of title page from previous issues 
 
 are above and beneath the publication line, — " Part I. 
 
 [11.]/ FIFTH BDiTios," — and " MDCCCLXx." The first Part has 
 
54 Queen Square. 
 
 half-title, title, Dedication, and "Contents," and pages 1 to 343 
 of the text, with the book-mark repeated on the verso of 
 page 343. The second part has a blank leaf, half-title, title, 
 " Contents," and 334 pages. Page 1 is a second half-title 
 "THE/ EAETHLY PAEADISB./ MAY, JUNE, JULY, 
 AUGUST." The text begins on page 2. The usual imprint 
 (which is on the verso of each title) recurs at the foot of 
 page 334 ; and the book ends with the book-mark on the recto 
 of an otherwise blank leaf. The cloth cover is as usual ; and 
 the hand-list of Morris's works is inserted at the beginning of 
 each volume. The back-labels read "THE/ EAETHLY/ 
 PAEADISE./ W. MOEEIS./ Jiflh (Ebition./ I. [IL]/ 
 Price 8s." 
 
 During the year 1869 a further instalment of The Earthly 
 Paradise was issued, but not till November, and then dated 
 1870. In the mean time the poet had taken up with charac- 
 teristic vigour the study of Icelandic literature. It was not 
 sufficient that he should read it : he must also transplant it 
 into our literature for the benefit of others. I shall never 
 forget the revelation of a new world of literary art which I 
 owed to him at that time. There were very few who did not 
 think his time wasted on those translations done in conjunction 
 with Mr. MagniissoD. To me his time seemed so well em- 
 ployed that I obtained and read every one of the Sagas which 
 I could ascertain to have been translated into English, no 
 matter by whom ; and I remember his telling me, together 
 with some information about this literature, that I was his 
 " first convert to Sagaism." Well, this " Sagaism " was a 
 very good thing for his own work : apart from the beauty of his 
 translations, the new fibre he assimilated from that hardy 
 literature was just what was wanted. 
 
 In Tlie Fortnightly Review for January 1869, he and Mr. 
 Magmisson published their version , of The Saga of Gunnlaug 
 the Worm-tongue and Bafn the Skald, as the Priest Ari 
 Thorgilson the Learned has told it, toho of all Men in Iceland 
 has been the deepest in Knowledge of Tales of Land-settling and 
 Olden Lore. Mr. Morley was also fortunate enough to secure 
 for the April 1869 number of the Eeview a second dialogue 
 poem. On The Edge of the Wilderness, in all respects the 
 pendant of The Tivo Sides of the Biver ; and in the same 
 month a poem in a similar style, Hapless Love, appeared in 
 
Grettir the Strong. 55 
 
 Good Words. This was followed at a very short interval by a 
 rendering of the Saga of Grettir the Strong, which was through 
 the press by May 1869 as an independent book with the title— 
 
 (22) 
 GBETTIS SAGA 
 
 THE STORY 
 
 GRETTIR THE STRONG 
 
 TRANSLATED FROM THE ICELANDIC 
 
 EIEIKE MAGNUSSON, 
 
 TKANSLATOR OP ' LEGENDS OP ICELAND ;' 
 AND 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS, 
 
 AUTHOK OF 'THE EARTHLY PARADISE.' 
 
 LONDON ; 
 
 F. S. ELLIS, KING STREET, COVBNT GARDEN. 
 
 MDCOOLXIX. 
 
 In this crown 8vo. volume, of which only 500 copies were 
 printed, the introductory matter occupies pages i to xxiv and 
 the Saga with Notes, Indexes, etc., 306 pages. The preliminary 
 sheet and a half consist of a half-title GBETTIS SAGA, 
 with a sonnet on the verso, title, preface (pages v to xvi). 
 Chronology of the Story (pages xvii and xviii). Contents 
 (pages xix to xxiv) ; and between this and the Saga is a two- 
 page map engraved on wood by Morris in a bold style, entitled 
 " A MAP OF THE WEST/ PABTS OF ICELAND,! WITH 
 THE CHIEF/ STEADS NAMED IN/ THE STOBY." The 
 pages of the book are numbered in the outer corners with 
 Arabic figures ; and the head-lines are, versos THE STOBY 
 OF, rectos GBETTIB THE STBONG, in italic capitals. At 
 the foot of page 306, below a thin rule, is the imprint, " London : 
 Steangbways and Walden, Castle St. Leicester Sq." The 
 binding was of pale drab cloth, unblocked, with white end- 
 
56 
 
 Queen Square. 
 
 papers and a printed label at the back, reading " GBETTIS 
 SAGA I THE STOEY OF/ GEBTTIE/ THE STEONG/ e. 
 MAGNtJssoN/ and/ w. moeris/ Qs." A handbill advertizing the 
 fourth edition of The Earthly Paradise on the recto and Jason 
 on the verso, both with opinions of the press, is pasted inside 
 the first cover. Twenty-five copies of Grettir were printed on 
 Whatman's hand-made paper, in demy 8vo., and put up in blue 
 paper boards with white paper backs and a printed label read- 
 ing " THE STOEY/ OF GEETTIE/ THE STEONG." Except 
 for the doing-up and the size and quality of the paper, they 
 differ in no way from the ordinary copies, — not having so much 
 as a certificate. The story of the man so beautifully com- 
 memorated in the Sonnet^ facing the title-page of Grettis Saga 
 was followed before the end of November 1869 by the second 
 instalment of the great tale-cycle still so popular. The title- 
 page is : — 
 
 (23) 
 THE 
 
 EARTHLY PARADISE 
 
 A POEM. 
 
 1 
 
 M 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 Author of The Life and Death ot' .Jason. 
 
 PART III. 
 
 London: F. S. Ellis, 33 Kiiig Street, Covent Garden. 
 
 MDCCCLXX 
 
 [All liiffhts reserved.] 
 
 The Sonnet form was an unusual one for Morris ; and this example of it 
 
The Earthly Paradise. 57 
 
 Between the issue ot Grettir the Strotuj and Part III of The 
 Earthly Paradise the fourth edition of the first instalment had 
 been exhausted. That instalment was now reprinted in two 
 volumes (see page 55) on thickish laid paper, and called 
 Part I and Part II, the new volume being called Part III. 
 This Part III, printed on the same thickish paper as the fifth 
 edition of Parts I and II, is of course a crown 8vo. volume, 
 like the rest; and it consists of 528 pages with three pre- 
 liminary leaves, — half-title, title, and " Contents " ; the half- 
 title and " Contents " are blank at the back ; but the title has 
 at foot of the verso the imprint " LONDON :/ Stbangeways 
 AND Waiden, Peintees,/ Castle St. Leicester Sq." The list 
 of contents is as follows : 
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 SEPTEMBER . . ... 2 
 
 The Death of Paris .... .5 
 
 The Land East of the Sun and West of the Moon . . 34 
 
 OCTOBER . .160 
 
 The Story of Accontius and Cydippe 163 
 
 2'Ae Man who never Laughed again 208 
 
 NOVEMBER . . 274 
 
 The Story of Rhodope . .277 
 
 The Lovers of Oudnm . . . . 337 
 
 Page 1 is a fresh half-title, " THE/ EAETHLY PAEADISB./ 
 SEPTEMBEE, OCTOBEE,/ NOVEMBEE." On the verso 
 of this, page 2, the new poetry begins. In style and detail 
 of printing the volume is uniform with the previous one. 
 Page 527 is simply the book-mark again ; and on page 528 
 
 has been unduly neglected for years past : — 
 
 A life scarce worth the living, a poor fame 
 Scarce worth the winning, in a wretched land, 
 Where fear and pain go upon either hand, 
 As toward the end men fare without an aim 
 Unto the dull grey dark from whence they came : 
 Let them alone, the unshadowed sheer rocks stand 
 Over the twilight graves of that poor band, 
 Who count so little in the great world's game ! 
 Nay with the dead I deal not ; this man lives, 
 And that which carried him through good and ill, 
 Stern against fate while his voice echoed still 
 From rock to rock, now he lies silent, strives 
 With wasting time, and through its long lapse gives 
 Another friend to me, life's void to fill. 
 
58 Queen Square. 
 
 the printers imprint is repeated. Tiiese pages are not 
 numbered. Ttie volume was issued in unblocked green cloth 
 boards, the cloth as near a match as could be got to that 
 used for the first volume, with white end-papers and a printed 
 label reading "THE/ BAETHLY/ PAEADISE./ W. 
 MOERIS./ III./ Price 12s." Inside the first cover was 
 pasted a hand-bill advertizing the fifth edition of Parts I 
 and II, this new Part III, Grettir the Strong, and the fourth 
 edition of Jason, and announcing as in preparation the fourth 
 and concluding Part of The Earthly Paradise, and " a New 
 Edition of The Defence of Giienevere, and other Early Poems, 
 with the addition of some pieces not hitherto collected." As 
 we have already seen this promise was not fulfilled : The 
 Defence of Guenevere and other Poems was simply reissued 
 without alteration or addition. Of the ordinary copies of this 
 second instalment (Part III) 2000 were printed ; but 
 
 (24) some of these, I believe, formed the second edition. Of 
 Part III 25 large paper copies uniform with those of 
 
 Parts I and II were printed and divided into two volumes. 
 The Strangeways imprint was inserted at the foot of page 273, 
 which is followed by a blank page and a blank leaf ; and on 
 the recto of page 274 is a half-title for " Vol. IV " like that 
 for "Vol. II," the labels also being marked " III " and "IV." 
 A third edition of Part III (the whole second instalment) 
 was wanted by August 1870, when 500 more issued from 
 the press. Of these second and third editions there is 
 
 (25) nothing to note, but the insertion of the words second 
 edition and third edition in the title-pages and on the 
 
 back-labels. 
 
 It does not come within the scope of this book to note all 
 the American reprints of The Earthly Paradise and other 
 works by Morris ; but at this point there is something unusual 
 of transatlantic reproduction to be recorded. Messrs. Roberts 
 Brothers of Boston, Mass., who published and still publish 
 Morris's works in the United States, printed a handy edition 
 of The Earthly Paradise from advance sheets supplied by the 
 English publisher; and, while issuing Part III of the 
 
 (26) work, they took the opportunity of printing from the 
 same types a separate pocket volume consisting of The 
 
 Lovers of Gudrun alone. The importance of this poem as the 
 first high attempt to convert one of the larger domestic Sagas 
 
The Lovers of Gudrun. 59 
 
 of Iceland into a heroic poem is not easy to overrate. Landor 
 had made an elegant enough thing out of the little Saga of 
 Gunnlaug ; but he did not capture the true Northern spirit as 
 Morris did ; and the Saga of the Laxdale Men, one of the 
 most notable for varied domestic and historic interest, vivid 
 characterization, and tragic action, gave Morris an oppor- 
 tunity of transplanting something really fresh into our poetic 
 literature. This is one of the most significant points in the 
 poet's literary career. As soon as he became truly possessed 
 of this great Laxdcela Saga, all chance of getting The Earthly 
 Paradise completed in two volumes was at an end ; and a 
 new scheme was inevitable. His magnificent version of that 
 noble old story occupies wellnigh two hundred pages of the 
 second instalment of his tale-cycle ; and, in default of any 
 independent English edition of The Lovers of Gudrun, the little 
 book brought out at Boston, Mass., ranks as the first separate 
 edition of the poem : its title-page is as follows : 
 
 (27) 
 THE 
 
 LOVERS OF GUDRUN. 
 
 A POEM. 
 By WILLIAM MOERIS. 
 
 EEPEINTED PROM " THE EAETHLY PABADISE." 
 
 BOSTON : 
 
 EOBEETS BEOTHEES. 
 
 1870. 
 
 The volume is in post 8vo., printed on a creamy laid paper. 
 The poem occupies 138 pages, preceded by the title-page 
 given above, on the verso of which is the following 
 
 PUBLISHEES' NOTE. 
 
 "'The Lovers of Gudrun' is one of the six stories com- 
 prising the Third Part of 'The Earthly Paradise,' an4 is 
 
60 Queen Square. 
 
 reprinted from that volume for the convenience of tourists and 
 others. The publishers have not thought it necessary to make 
 any change in the paging." 
 
 At the foot of the page is the imprint " Univeesity Pbess : 
 Welch, Bigelow, & Co.,/ Cambeidge." Facing the title-page 
 is a frontispiece representing Gudrun, " just come to her full 
 height," standing betwixt the pillars of the Hall at Bathstead. 
 At the end of the volume is a collection of ' ' Tributes to William 
 Morris, on the Publication of The Earthly Paradise." This is 
 printed from the stereotyped plates of a 36-page pamphlet 
 compiled by Messrs. Eoberts Brothers from the English and 
 American periodical press soon after the issue of the first 
 volume of The Earthly Paradise. The title-page of the 
 Tributes, and the advertizements at the back of it, are slightly 
 altered from the original separate pamphlet. The whole book 
 made up of The Lovers of Gudrtm and the Tributes was issued 
 in red, in blue, and in green cloth, watered-silk-grained, blocked 
 on the recto cover with the name of the poem in large orna- 
 mental gilt letters and a design representing a boy bestriding 
 the globe and blowing bubbles. The title is also lettered on the 
 back, above two lighted torches, crossed. The edges are only 
 moderately trimmed — not ploughed level all round. The end- 
 papers are brown. 
 
 When Messrs. Eoberts hit upon the device of separating 
 The Lovers of Gudrun from The Earthly Paradise for the 
 benefit of tourists, they little thought how distinguished a 
 tourist (and on what an unusual tour) they were about to aid 
 and abet in the operation of carrying coals to Newcastle. The 
 little pocket volume was ready before Morris started on his 
 first trip to Iceland. He knew that he would be obliged to 
 accept hospitality at many a "stead" in lieu of hostel, and 
 that it would be impossible to tender money for the refresh- 
 ment he would get. He therefore took with him for a gift to 
 Icelanders his version of their own Laxdaela Saga as printed 
 and bound in Boston, Massachusetts ; and with these Anglo- 
 American coals brought back to their native Newcastle those 
 good folk were greatly pleased. 
 
 Before the concluding volume of The Earthly Paradise came 
 out, another book resulting from the author's Icelandic studies 
 was published. Its title-page reads thus : — 
 
" That spring was she just come to her full height^ 
 LoTv- bosomed yet she was, and slim and lights 
 Yet scarce might she grow fairer from, that day : 
 Gold were the locks luherewith the wind did play. 
 Finer than silk, waved softly like the sea 
 After a three days' caltn^ and to her knee 
 Wellnigh they reached; fairivere the white hands laid 
 Upon the door-posts ivhere the dragons played.'^ 
 
 FRONTISPIECE! TO THE BOSTON (MASS.) '* LOVERS OF GUDRUN. " 
 
Vohungs and Niblungs 63 
 
 (28) 
 VOL SUNG A SAGA. 
 
 THE STORY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 VOLSUNGS & NIBLUNGS 
 
 WITH CERTAIN SONGS 
 
 I'EOM THE 
 
 ELDER EDDA. 
 TRANSLATED FROM THE ICELANDIC 
 
 BY 
 
 EIEIKE MAGNUSSON, 
 
 TKANSLiiTOE 01' ' LEGENDS 01' ICELAND ;' 
 AND 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AUTHOR OF 'THE EARTHLY PARADISE.' 
 
 LONDON : 
 F. S. ELLIS, KING STEEET, COVENT GAEDEN. 
 
 MDOCOLXX. 
 
 There were only 750 copies of Volsunga printed. This 
 again was a crown 8vo. uniform in size and style with Grettir 
 the Strong. There are ten preliminary leaves, 275 pages of the 
 book proper, and four pages of advertizements. The half- 
 title (" THE STOBY OF THE VOLSUNGS.") and title, each 
 with blank verso, are followed by a Preface (pages v to xi : xii 
 is blank), " Contents " (pages xiii to xvi), " The Names of those 
 who are most noteworthy in this Story " (pages xvii and xviii), 
 and " A Prologue in Verse " (pages xix and xx), consisting of 
 six seven-line stanzas signed " William Morris." The Story of 
 the Volsungs and Niblungs extends to page 163 (164 is blank) ; 
 the headlines, in Italic capitals, are, versos, " THE STOBY 
 OP THE," rectos, " VOLS UNGS AND NIBL UNGS." Page 
 165 is a half-title, " GEETAIN SONGS/ peom/ THE ELDEE 
 
 EDDA,/ WHICH DEAL WITH THE STOEY OF THE VOLSUNGS." The 
 
64 Queen Square. 
 
 verso is blank. The Songs from the Edda occupy pages 167 
 to 270. The verso headlines are " SONGS FBOM TEE 
 EDDA." The recto headlines are the names of the particular 
 songs, as "TEE LAY OF EELGI." Pages 271 and 272 
 contain notes, — pages 273 to 275 " An Alphabetical List of 
 Persons, Places, and Things in the Story." At the foot of page 
 275 is the imprint " LONDON :/ Stbangeways & Waldbn, 
 Printers, 28 Castle Street, Leicester Square." The book was 
 issued in a peculiarly fine green cloth, stamped in gold all over 
 the sides and back from a most beautiful design by Morris. 
 The end-papers are white. 
 
 Twelve certificated copies were printed on Whatman's hand- 
 made paper of demy 8vo. size, and put up in blue paper 
 boards with white backs ; and twelve more were printed on 
 Whatman's hand-made paper of crown Bvo. size. These 
 (which have no certificates) are very choice books if properly 
 treated by a binder who had virgin quires to deal with and 
 took care of all the deckel edges ; but some copies suffered a 
 little by being put up in green cloth just like the ordinary 
 copies. Why those beautiful covers, admirably executed by 
 Messrs. Burn and Co., should have hurt the books, needs a 
 word of explanation. The fact is that the hand-made paper is 
 appreciably larger than the machine-made ; and to get the 
 sheets within Morris's unmargined design necessitates a little 
 trimming of deckel edges. A cheap popular edition was issued 
 in the Camelot Series in 1888, with the following title : 
 
 (29) 
 
 YOLSUNGA SAGA : THE STOEY OE/ THE VOLSUNGS 
 AND NIBLUNGS,/ WITH CEETAIN SONGS FEOM/ 
 THE ELDEE EDDA. EDITED, WITH/ INTEODUC- 
 TION AND NOTES, BY/ H. HALLIDAY SPAELING./ 
 TRANSLATED FEOM THE ICELANDIC, BY EIRIKE/ MAG- 
 NUSSON {TRANSLATOR OF "LEGENDS OF/ ICELAND"); 
 AND WILLIAM MORRIS (AUTHOR OF/ "THE EARTHLY 
 PARADISE")./ WALTEE SCOTT/ LONDON : 24 WAE- 
 
 WICK LANE/ PATEENOSTEE EOW/ 1888 
 
 The volume consists of preliminary pages i to lii, and text, 
 index &c. 1 to 276. 
 
 The original edition of The Story of the Volsungs and Nihlungs 
 
The Earthly Paradise. 
 
 65 
 
 was through the press by April 1870 and came out soon after, 
 when the second volume (Part III) of The Earthly Paradise 
 was m Its second edition. The first page of the advertizements 
 in Volsunga offers the fifth editions of Parts I and II, and the 
 second of Part III, and announces that " In October will be 
 published the Fourth and concluding portion of The Earthly 
 Paradise." I do not think it was really ready much before 
 December ; but at all events it was out well before Christmas, 
 with the following title : — 
 
 (30) 
 THE 
 
 EARTHLY PARADISE 
 
 A POEM. 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 Author of The Life and Death of Jason. 
 
 PART IV. 
 
 London: F. S. Ellis, 33 Eiiig Street, Covent Garden. 
 
 MDCCOLXX. 
 lAll Rights reserved.] 
 
 This volume is as nearly as possible uniform with Part III. 
 The half-title reads simply " THE EAETHLY PAEADISE." 
 The imprint at the back of the title-page is " LONDON :/ 
 Steangeways and Walden, Pbintees,/ Castle St. Leicester 
 Sq.'V The verso of the " Contents " is blank. And the text 
 
 5 
 
6G Queen Square. 
 
 begins at page 2 on the verso of a half-title reading 
 " THE/ EAETHLY PAEADISB./ DBCBMBEE, JANUAEY,/ 
 FEBEUAEY." There are 442 pages of text— the last five 
 being occupied by " L'Envoy," set in italics. At the end of 
 page 442 is the imprint "LONDON:/ Printed by Steange- 
 vikYs. AND Walden, Castle St. Leicester Sq." The usual 
 Earthly Paradise book-mark follows, with a blank verso ; and 
 there are eight pages of Mr. Ellis's advertizements, three pages 
 of which are notices of D. G. Eossetti's Poems, while four deal 
 with Morris's works and the remaining one with Sir John 
 Maundevile and Christina Eossetti's Commonplace and other 
 Stories. The table of contents is as follows : — 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 DECEMBER . 
 
 The Golden Apples 
 The Fostering of Aslaug 
 
 JANUARY 
 
 Bellerophon at Argos 
 The Ring given to Venus 
 
 FEBRUARY . 
 
 Bellerophon in Lycia 
 The Hill of Vemis . 
 
 EPILOGUE 
 
 L'ENVOI . 
 
 PAGE 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 30 
 
 87 
 
 90 
 
 180 
 
 231 
 
 234 
 
 370 
 
 434 
 
 438 
 
 In the advertizement of the completed Earthly Paradise it 
 is stated that " Purchasers of Parts I. and IL in 1 vol. (as 
 originally issued) will find a new title-page for that volume 
 in Part IV." This new title was printed on thin wove paper 
 like that of the original volume instead of the thickish laid 
 paper employed for Parts III and IV ; and a new label was 
 issued with it, reading "THE/ EAETHLY/ PAEADISE./ 
 W. MOEEIS./ I. & II." How it was arranged for the copies 
 containing the new title-page and label to get into the hands 
 of purchasers of the original volume of 1868, I was never able 
 to fathom. I have met with very few copies of Part IV con- 
 taining the extra title and label, and have never seen a copy of 
 the 1868 volume with the new title inserted and the new label 
 affixed. The special title-page is as follows : — 
 
The Earthly Paradise. 
 
 THE 
 
 EARTHLY PARADISE 
 
 A POEM. 
 
 Q7 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AuTHOB OF 'The Life and Death of Jason.' 
 
 PAETS I. & II. 
 London: F. S. Ellis, 33 King Street, Govent Garden. 
 
 MDOCOLXX, 
 [All Rights reserved,] 
 
 In my own set, the extra title and label of course still form 
 part of the last volume of Part IV. 
 
 The large-paper copies of Part IV, again, were divided into 
 two volumes, of which the first has three half-titles and a title 
 before the poetry begins, for in addition to what is already 
 described there is a leaf bearing the words "THE EAETHLY 
 PARADISE./ Vol. V." That volume ends at page 230, three 
 leaves being simply cut off sheet Q and pasted on to sheet P, 
 while, to make Vol. VI ship-shape, a single leaf with a half- 
 title like that of Vol. II is put with the remaining five leaves 
 of sheet Q in front of sheet E. The labels are of course 
 marked " V " and " VI." 
 
 It is worth recording, as one of the marks of genuineness, 
 that the labels of Vol. Ill and Vol. IV (large paper), being on 
 the model of those for Vol. I and Vol. II, do not fit the thinner 
 measure, but have the first and last letters on the sides 
 
 5—2 
 
68 . Queen Square. 
 
 instead of the back. The labels for Vol. V and Vol. VI were 
 therefore printed on the model of those for the ordinary copies 
 of the second and third instalments, with the title in three 
 lines instead of two. 
 
 This first edition of The Earthly Paradise, though marked 
 by those opportunist features which have been noted, is a very 
 nice book even on small paper. On large, it is distinctly 
 choice and treasurable, for all its make-shiftness, if such a 
 make- shift word may be used. 
 
 Of the first edition of Part IV, 1500 ordinary copies were 
 
 printed. Whether any were converted into second edition 
 
 copies I do not know ; but 500 more were got from 
 
 (31-32) the printer in December for the purposes of a 
 second edition ; and 1500 more in January 1871. 
 The third edition is dated 1871 on the title and label. 
 
 A brief account of changes in the form of The Earthly 
 Paradise must be added. In 1872 the publishers extended 
 the popularity of the book by issuing it in monthly parts 
 printed from the stereotyped plates of the original library 
 issue, but with less margin. There were ten portable little 
 volumes in limp cloth of the usual fine dark green colour, 
 gilt-lettered at the back and on the front cover. The back- 
 lettering is "THE/ EAETHLY/ PAEADISE/ W. MOEEIS/ 
 I " [" II," " III," and so on]. On the front cover each part has 
 the legend " THE/ EAETHLY PAEADISE " at the top, and 
 at the foot, in italic capitals, the names of the particular 
 stories in the part. The title-pages, which are without the 
 book-mark of other editions, read alike save in the lines, 
 above the publishers' imprint, describing the contents of the 
 particular part, and save that in Parts IX and X there are 
 two changes in that imprint. In Part I the title reads thus — 
 
 (33) 
 
 THE/ EAETHLY PAEADISE/ A POEM./ by/ WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS,/ AuTHOK OF The Life and Death of Jason./ 
 POPULAE EDITION./ In Ten Parts./ PABT I.j 
 PEOLOGUE— THE WANDEEEES./ ATALANTA'S 
 EACE./ LONDON :/ ELLIS AND GEEEN,/ 33 KING 
 STEEET, COVENT GAEDEN, W.C./ mdccclxxii./ 
 [All Bights reserved."] 
 
The Earthly Paradise. 69 
 
 The part contains pages 1 to 136 of Vol. I, with four pre- 
 liminary leaves, namely a half-title with the book-mark on the 
 verso so as to form a frontispiece, the title, the dedication, and 
 the Contents of Vol. I, and four pages of advertizements at 
 the end. 
 
 The lines on the title special to Part II are " PABT 11./ 
 THE MAN BOEN TO BE KING./ THE DOOM OE 
 KING AGEISIUS./ THE PEOUD KING." It has a half- 
 title with the book-mark on the verso, title, pages 137 to 343 
 of Vol. I, book-mark on verso of page 343, and four pages of 
 advertizements. 
 
 Part III has merely a title and the " Contents of Vol II," 
 pages 1 to 160 of that volume, and four pages of advertize- 
 ments. The distinctive lines of the title are "PABT III./ 
 THE STOEY OP CUPID AND PSYCHE./ THE 
 WEITING ON THE IMAGE./ THE LOVE OF 
 ALCESTIS." 
 
 Part IV consists of pages 161 to 334 of Vol. II, without 
 advertizements, but just the usual title, with the distinctive 
 lines " PABT IV./ THE LADY OF THE LAND./ THE 
 SON OF CECBSUS./ THE WATCHING OF THE 
 FALCON./ PYGMALION AND THE IMAGE./ OGIEE 
 THE DANE." 
 
 In Part V pages 1 to 160 of Vol. Ill are put up with a title 
 and the " Contents " of the volume, and four pages of adver- 
 tizements at the end. The distinctive lines are "PABT V./ 
 THE DEATH OF PAEIS./ THE LAND EAST OF THE 
 SUN AND WEST OF/ THE MOON." 
 
 In Part VI a blank leaf and the title are pasted on before 
 pages 161 to 336, which is followed by four pages of adver- 
 tizements. The special lines of this title are "PABT 
 71./ ACONTIUS AND CYDIPPE./ THE MAN WHO 
 NEVBE LAUGHED AGAIN./ THE STOEY OF 
 EHODOPE." 
 
 Part VII finishes up Vol. III. It is merely pages 337 to 
 626 with the title, a single leaf, pasted to page 337, and bear- 
 ing the special lines "PABT VII./ THE LOVEES OF 
 GUDEUN." 
 
 Into Part VIII, which consists of pages 1 to 176 of Vol. IV, 
 are pasted the title and " Contents," and four pages of adver- 
 tizements at the end. The distinctive lines of the title are 
 
70 Queen Square. 
 
 "PART VIII.I THE GOLDEN APPLES./ THE FOSTEE- 
 ING OF ASLAUG./ BELLBEOPHON AT AEGOS." 
 
 Part IX starts once more with a half-title, not uniform with 
 previous ones, and a title which has the fresh imprint 
 "LONDON:/ ELLIS AND GEEEN,/ 29 NEW BOND 
 STEEET, W./ {Late 33 Kmg Street, Covent Garden)./ 
 MDCccLxxii." The special lines are ••PART IX./ THE 
 EING GIVEN TO VENUS./ BELLEEOPHON IN 
 LYCIA." The part extends from page 177 to page 320 of 
 Vol. IV. The effort of removal to the classic premises of Mr. 
 Boone seems to have exhausted the ingenuity of the publishers 
 in the matter of dividing these volumes into Parts; for not 
 only is this Part the first to fail of completing a story, but 
 actually ends with an uncompleted sentence. 
 
 Part X takes up the unfinished sentence with page 321 and 
 ends the book at page 442. It has a half-title, as well as a 
 title with the special lines " PABT X.j BELLEEOPHON 
 IN LYCIA./ THE HILL OF VENUS./ EPILOGUE. 
 L'ENVOI." There is another new imprint,— recalling to 
 memory that the circumstances in which these closing parts 
 were brought forth had sadness in them, apart from pressure 
 of removal Mr. Green died suddenly, at an early age ; and 
 Mr. EUis was again alone in the publishing business. The 
 imprint setting forth this fact is "LONDON:/ F. S. 
 ELLIS, 29 NEW BOND STEEET, W./ {Late 33 King 
 Street, Covent Garden).! mdccclxxii." On a spare leaf at 
 the end, Morris's pretty book-mark is given again ; but there 
 are no advertizements. 
 
 All the title-pages alike have at the foot of the verso the 
 imprint " LONDON :/ Printed by John Steangeways,/ Castle 
 St. Leicester Sq." The scheme of publication was to get these 
 charming little pocket volumes into the hands of the trade with 
 the monthly magazines during ten months of the year 1872. 
 No. I came out thus at the end of January with the February 
 magazines, and so on till No. X appeared at the end of 
 November with the December magazines. There was no part 
 issued in October for November. Generally speaking each 
 part had pasted to the first end-paper a 16mo. hand-bill 
 giving notice when the next part would appear. These 
 bills were headed "POPULAR EDITION,/ IN TEN 
 MONTHLY PAETS/, of/ Me. Moeeis's Geeat Poem,/ THE 
 
The Earthly Paradise. 71 
 
 EARTHLY PAEADISE/ Containing Tiventy-five Tales in 
 Verse." The parts were offered at 3s. 6d. each (i.e. 2s. 8d. 
 nett) ; and the bills ended with the address of the publishers. 
 In the last part (VIII) which had the King Street address on 
 its title the New Bond Street address appeared on the hand- 
 bill. Of Parts I and II, 2000 copies were printed ; of Part III, 
 1250; of each of the others, 1000. The popular edition received 
 
 a new form in 1886, when it was re-issued in five volumes 
 (34) instead of ten parts, on the transfer of the poet's works 
 
 to Messrs. Eeeves and Turner after Mr. EUis's retirement 
 from business. 
 
 In 1890 The Earthly Paradise was revised and printed in a 
 single 8vo. volume, set in small type in double columns, 57 
 lines to the normal column. There is a half-title (" THE 
 EARTHLY PARADISE.") with an imprint on the verso, 
 " ^allantgne ^ress/ ballantyne, hanson and co./ bdin- 
 BUEGH AND LONDON." The title-page is 
 
 (35) 
 
 THE/ EARTHLY PARADISE/ A POEM/ by/ WILLIAM 
 MORRIS/ [Morris's book-mark — the debased rendering]/ 
 LONDON/ REEVES AND TURNER, 196 STRAND/ 
 1890 
 
 on the verso of which are two lines of history — 
 
 FiEST Edition, crown 8vo, 4 vols. 1868-70. 
 PopuLAE Edition, 10 parts, 12mo, 1872 ; and 5 vols. 12mo, 
 1886. 
 
 The Dedication with blank verso and "Contents" of two 
 pages complete the preliminary half -sheet. The prologue 
 occupies page 1 ; page 2 is blank ; and the work proceeds in a 
 plain (not to say ugly) business-like manner from page 3 to 
 page 445, at the foot of which is the imprint " feinted by 
 
 BALLANTYNE, HANSON AND CO./ EDINBUEGH AND LONDON " : page 
 
 446 is blank; and a blank leaf completes the sheet. The 
 book is unpleasant to look at, within ; but the cover which the 
 poet specially designed for it is very elegant. This was executed 
 in cloth of three different colours, — olive, red, and white. 
 Conventional sprigs of myrtle are stamped in gold round a 
 
Missing Page 
 
Missing Page 
 
74 The EartJdy Paradise. 
 
 papers are half-sheets. The fifth volume also starts with a 
 half- sheet bearing not a mark save the following title on the 
 fourth leaf : 
 
 THE EAETHLY PAEADISE. BY WILLIAM/ MOEEIS. 
 VOLUME V. SEPTEMBEE:/ THE DEATH OF 
 PAEIS. THE LAND EAST/ OP THE SUN AND 
 WEST OP THE MOON./ OCTOBEE : THE STOEY 
 OF ACONTIUS/ AND CYDIPPE. THE MAN WHO 
 NEVEE/ LAUGHED AGAIN. 
 
 There are four pairs of borders for the four tales ; the last 
 page (241) is printed on the first leaf of a half-sheet so as to 
 leave three blank leaves beside the usual four-leaf end-papers ; 
 and the Trustees' imprint sets forth that the book was 
 finished on Christmas-eve 1896. The title of the sixth volume 
 follows the usual allowance of blank leaves, and is 
 
 THE EAETHLY PAEADISE. BY WILLIAM/ MOEEIS. 
 VOLUME VL NOVEMBEE:/ THE STOEY OF 
 EHODOPB. THE LOVEES/ OF GUDEUN. 
 
 The volume contains 217 pages, including two pairs of orna- 
 mental borders, and was finished on the 18th of February, 
 1897. 
 The seventh volume has the following title : — 
 
 THE EAETHLY PAEADISE. BY WILLIAM/ MOEEIS 
 VOLUME VIL DECEMBEE:/ THE GOLDEN 
 APPLES. THE FOSTEEING/ OF ASLAUG. JANU- 
 AEY: BELLEEOPHON/ AT AEGOS. THE EING 
 GIVEN TO VENUS. 
 
 Here the 203 pages include four pairs of borders. The print- 
 ing, according to the Trustees' colophon, was finished on the 
 17th of March, 1897. 
 
 In the eighth volume the title reads thus : 
 
 THE EAETHLY PAEADISE. BY WILLIAM/ MOEEIS. 
 VOLUME VIII. FEBEUAEY:/ BELLEEOPHON 
 IN LYCIA. THE HILL OF/ VENUS. EPILOGUE. 
 L'ENVOL 
 
77*6 Earthly Paradise. lb 
 
 The 186 pages include two pairs of borders ; and the colophon 
 of the Trustees gives the 10th of June, 1897, as the date on 
 which the printing of the whole book was completed. 
 
 The volumes of the Kelmscott Earthly Paradise are bound 
 by Leighton iu the usual style in limp vellum with silk ties 
 and gilt lettering across the back worded thus — " THE/ 
 EARTHLY/ PARADISE/ BY/ WILLIAM/ MORRIS/ 
 VOL. I " [" II " and so on]. On the first volume this legend 
 is in bold type : in the second, a thin volume, the size of 
 type had to be reduced ; and the smaller size is used in the 
 rest whether thick or thin. In the matter of lavish blank 
 leaves and end-papers the volumes are practically uniform. 
 
HORRINGTON HOUSE 
 
 LOVE IS ENOUGH 
 MOEE SAGAS— THE ^NEIDS OF VIEGIL 
 
 THE TWO SIDES OF THE EIVEE &c. 
 THE STOEY OF SIGUED THE VOLSUNG 
 
HORRINGTON HOUSE: 
 
 Love is Enough — The ^neids of Viegil— The Two Sides 
 
 OF THE ElVER &C. — ThE StOKY OF SiGUED THE VOLSUNG 
 
 AND THE Fall of the Niblungs. 
 
 Delightful as Morris has made the old-world stories which 
 are the substance of The Life and Death of Jason and The 
 Earthly Paradise, there were still lands for him to conquer. 
 In those books we see the result of his long session at the feet 
 of Chaucer. In the next group there are higher spiritual 
 quaUties, and more artistic inventiveness, and a more virile 
 handling, especially in Sigurd the Volsuiig. To go on with our 
 annals, — soon after the completion of The Earthly Paradise a 
 short poem entitled The Dark Wood was placed in Mr. Morley's 
 hands: it appeared in The Fortnightly Beview for February 
 1871. By this time Morris had completed, or nearly com- 
 pleted, his fine rendering of the legendary Saga of Frithiof 
 the Bold, on which Bishop Esaias Tegn^r's ornate modern 
 poem of that name is founded. Morris's version of the Saga 
 appeared, with his name alone as translator, in The Dark Blue 
 Magazine for March and April 1871. Of the next volume of 
 original poetry, through the press of November 1872 , the title is — 
 
 (37) 
 
 LOVE IS ENOUGH 
 
 OB 
 
 THE FEEEING OF PHAEAMOND 
 A MORALITY. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 ELLIS & WHITE, 29 NEW BOND STEBET. 
 
 1873. 
 
80 Horrington House. 
 
 This book, — which, by the way, so keen a critic as the late 
 Coventry Patmore more than once named to me in conversa- 
 tion as, in his opinion, Morris's masterpiece, — was printed in 
 a size not used before for Morris's works. Many of the 
 verses being very long, the sightliness of the ordinary crown 
 8vo. page would have been marred by the constant need for 
 turned lines. A size described as square crown 8vo. was 
 therefore adopted : the height is that of ordinary crown 8vo., 
 the width about half an inch greater. The size is in fact got 
 by using an imperial paper and folding it in sixteen ; so that 
 imperial 16mo. is the correct term. The paper in this case is 
 a wove paper of moderate substance and of a warm creamy 
 tone. The poem occupies 134 pages : there are four pre- 
 liminary leaves and a final leaf with advertizements on both 
 sides. The first leaf is blank ; the half-title, reading " LOVE 
 IS ENOUGH," has a blank verso ; the title has at the foot 
 of the verso an imprint, " LONDON :/ Printed by John 
 Steangbways,/ Castle St. Leicester Sq.''; and the fourth leaf 
 has a list of dramatis personce on the recto, the verso being 
 blank. The pages of the poem are numbered with Arabic 
 figures in the outer top corners ; and the head-lines, recto and 
 verso, are ''LOVE IS ENOUGH" in italic capitals. The 
 cover (with white end-papers) is of a beautiful dark green cloth 
 like that of Volsunga. The only blocking is a broad band (two 
 inches) of interlaced willow and flowering myrtle stamped in 
 gold, with the legend "Love is Enough" finely drawn amid 
 the leaves : the same legend is stamped boldly in gold up the 
 back. The binding was so admirably executed by Messrs. 
 Burn and Co. that, like Volsunga, Love is Enough perfectly 
 well preserved in the original cover is a really treasurable 
 thing. The number of copies printed was 1500. 
 
 Twenty-five copies of Love is Enough were printed on 
 Whatman's hand-made paper of demy Bvo. size and put up 
 in "Turner grey" paper boards with cream-white backs, — 
 the bands showing through the paper, — and printed labels 
 reading simply " LOVE/ IS/ ENOUGH." Save in size, the 
 only variations from the ordinary paper copies are the presence 
 of a certificate on the verso of the fly-title — it might as well 
 have been on the blank leaf — reading " Twenty-five copies 
 printed on large paper forj Private Circulation only," As 
 the book was set for a square-shaped page like a small 
 
Three Northern Love Stories. 81 
 
 quarto, the proportion of the top and bottom margins to the 
 front has not the rectitude evident in the ordinary copies ; 
 and the desirableness of the large paper book rests upon the 
 probable eternal durability of its paper and the mere scarcity 
 and tallness. No sane book-collector would part with his 
 Whatman copy ; but then he must keep his ordinary copy too. 
 
 Beside the two issues of the first edition on paper, four 
 copies were printed on fine writing vellum. They were very 
 well done ; though for my part I prefer the cheaper and thinner 
 Eoman vellum used in later years at the Kelmscott Press. 
 
 The sale of Love is Enough was never commensurate with 
 
 the merits and beauties of the book ; and the second edition 
 
 was probably a portion of the original 1500 copies 
 
 (38-39) but with a fresh title-page. There were copies trans- 
 ferred to Messrs. Eeeves and Turner when Mr. 
 Ellis left business ; and a third edition was made from quire 
 stock still existing in 1889. The half-title and title were 
 reprinted on thin paper and inserted between the original 
 blank leaf and list of dramatis persona. Some of these 1889 
 copies were still to be had of Messrs. Longmans a short time 
 since ; but their current issue of Love is Enough is in one 
 book with Poems by the Way. 
 
 The next book was to some extent a work of clearing up, — 
 being in great part a revised reprint from The Fortnightly and 
 Dark Blue. The title is — 
 
 (40) 
 THEEE NOETHEEN 
 
 LOTE STORIES, 
 
 AND OTHBE TALES. 
 
 TBANSLATSD FKOM THE lOBLANDIO 
 
 EIEIKE MAGNUSSON and WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 ELLIS & WHITE, 29 NEW BOND STEEET. 
 
 1875. 
 
 6 
 
82 Horrington House. 
 
 The edition of 500 copies was printed by June 1875. This 
 is a crown 8vo. volume uniform with Grettir and Volsunga. 
 The half-title reads " THEEE/ NOETHEEN LOVE 
 STOEIES,/ AND OTHEE TALES." This and the title have 
 blank versos ; the Preface occupies pages v to viii ; viii is 
 blank; ix and xi are a "chronology" for Gunnlaug and a 
 " Contents " for the whole book, each with a blank verso. A 
 fresh half-title follows, reading " THE STOEY OE/ GUNN- 
 LAUG THE WOEM- TONGUE/ AND EAVEN THE 
 SKALD." The text of the Stories begins on page 3 and ends 
 on page 243, — each tale having its half-title with blank versoi 
 namely "THE STOEY OF/ FEITHIOE THE BOLD," 
 " THE STOEY OE/ VIGLUND THE FAIE," " THE TALE 
 OP/ HOGNI AND HEDINN," " THE TALE OE/ EOI THE 
 FOOL," and "THE TALE OF/ THOESTEIN STAFF- 
 SMITTEN " : pages 245 to 256 contain notes and indexes. 
 At the foot of the last is the imprint " LONDON :/ Pbinted 
 BY John Stbangewats, Castle St. Leicester Sq." The verso 
 head-lines read "THE STOBY OF" or "THE TALE OF,"— 
 the rectos " GUNNLAUG THE WOBM-TONGUE," "HOGNI 
 AND HEDINN" and so on, in Italic capitals. Page vii 
 originally had a misprint, a distinctive Icelandic letter 
 signifying th was given as a p, twice over. For this a cancel- 
 leaf was printed. In some copies the original leaf remains with 
 the cancel. The book was issued in the customary cloth of 
 " Morris green," unblocked, with a printed back-label reading 
 " THEEE/ NOETHEEN/ LOVE/ STOEIES,/ AND/ OTHEE 
 TALES./ E. MAGNtJSSON/AND/W.MOEEIS./ 10s. 6d." 
 There were twenty-five copies printed on Whatman's hand- 
 made paper, demy Bvo., without other variations from the 
 ordinary copies, save that, if pages vii-viii are a cancel-leaf, 
 the half-title also is, as they are connected. These copies 
 were put up in blue paper boards with white backs, rounded, 
 but the bands showing through the paper. The printed label 
 reads "THEEE/ NOETHEEN/ LOVE/ STOEIES/ and 
 
 OTHEE TALES." 
 
 Morris had been at work on this book as far back as the 
 winter of 1873, when he mentioned to me in a letter returning 
 a copy of George Stevenson's Frithiof which I had borrowed 
 for him, that he should add Viglund the Fair to the already 
 published G^mnlaug and Frithiof, together with three other 
 
Three Northern Love Stories — Virgil. 83 
 
 tales " to make up," as he said, " a book big enough for Ellis's 
 purposes." In a later letter of the same winter he told me of 
 the final selection of Hroi the Fool, Hogni and Hedin, and 
 Thorstein Staff-smitten. Of these titles the spelling was altered 
 a little for the book. One of the tales, that of Thorstein, he 
 described to me as " simple and not without generosity, 
 smelling strong of the soil of Iceland like the Gunnlaug." At 
 this time (December 1873), Morris was living, not any longer at 
 Queen's Square where we had last met, but " down Turnham 
 Green way opposite Chiswick Lane.'' The house was called 
 Horrington House ; and it was there, very shortly afterwards, 
 that he showed me a beautiful manuscript which he had made 
 of his then recent translation of the Eyrbyggja Saga. After 
 reading passages of it to me, he told me that this Saga-writing 
 and Saga-printing was practically a luxury he allowed himself, 
 as he had still but few " converts to Sagaism," and the reading 
 public cared little about the works. He therefore did much of 
 his translating from the Icelandic as a Sunday amusement ; 
 and the charming cahgraphy of the Eyrbyggja he called his 
 " Sunday writing." 
 
 It is worth noting, in the matter of the Three Northern Love 
 Stories, that although Frithiof had appeared in the Dark Blue 
 with only Morris's name as translator, the book does not 
 discriminate in any way between that and the rest as regards 
 the joint responsibility for the translation. 
 
 It was in the Summer of 1875 that fhe Northern Love Stories 
 came out. The next work was also one of translation, but 
 without a collaborator, — the Virgil. I remember well falling 
 in with the stalwart poet in the Aldersgate Street Station of 
 the Underground Eailway, and travelUng a little way with him. 
 On the journey to Baker Street he showed me a quarto stiff- 
 covered copy-book such as he used for his first drafts. This 
 contained the portion of the uEneid which he was then 
 writing ; and he told me he did much of it in the train. I had 
 read for him the proofs of the third part of The Earthly 
 Paradise, to look after matters of a more or less mechanical 
 kind ; and it was agreed that I was to have the pleasure of 
 doing the same for the Virgil. The last proofs were read by 
 the beginning of October, and before the month was out I had 
 my copy of the completed book of which the title-page is as 
 
 follows : 
 
 6—2 
 
84 Horrington House. 
 
 (41) 
 
 THE 
 
 .ENEIDS OF VIRGIL 
 
 DONE INTO KNGLISH VERSE 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AUTHOR OF 'the earthly PARADISE.' 
 
 LONDON : 
 ELLIS AND WHITE, NEW BOND STREET. 
 
 MDCCCLXXVI. 
 
 Being written in the ballad metre of Chapman's Homer's 
 Iliad, this book had to be, for the sake of sightliness, wide 
 enough to take the line unturned. Hence there was a second 
 " square crown 8vo." (Imperial 16mo.) like Love is Enough, but 
 nearly thrice as thick. This time, laid paper like that of most 
 of the books issued from King Street and New Bond Street 
 had been obtained. The poem occupies 382 pages. It is pre- 
 ceded by two leaves and followed by a single blank leaf. The 
 first leaf, the half-title, reads "THE/^NEIDS OP VIEGIL"; 
 and the verso is blank. On the verso of the title-page, at the 
 foot, is the usual imprint, "LONDON:/ Feinted by John 
 Steangbways,/ Castle St. Leicester Sq." The paging is of the 
 usual kind ; and the head-lines, in Eoman capitals, verso 
 "THE ^NEIDS OF VIEGIL," recto " BOOK I" and so 
 on. At the foot of page 382 is the imprint of Strangeways 
 again but in two lines instead of three. The book was put up 
 in the usual " Morris-green " cloth, unblocked, with a printed 
 back -label reading "THE/ .^NEIDS/ OE VIEGIL./ W. 
 MOEEIS./ 14s." The edition consisted of 1000 copies. 
 
 Twenty-five copies were printed on Whatman's hand-made 
 paper of demy Bvo. size with no variation from the ordinary 
 copies so far as the body of the book is concerned, except in 
 the matter of margins. The paging is continuous, of course ; 
 and when it was decided to put the sheets up in two thin 
 volumes instead of one thick one, separate half-titles and titles 
 were printed — like the ordinary ones, but with the additional 
 line above the publisher's imprint, " BOOKS I — VI " and 
 
Tivo Sides of the River, Hapless Love, Etc. 85 
 
 "BOOKS VII— XII." To get the division right, the sheet 
 signed N, which contains the end of Book VI and the be- 
 ginning of Book VII, was cut in two down the back fold and 
 "overcast" in the binding. The volumes were put up in 
 Turner grey paper boards with almost flat cream-white backs 
 (the bands showing through the paper), and printed labels 
 reading " THE/ ^NBIDS/ OF/ VIRGIL./ Books I— VI. 
 [VII— XII.] / W. MOEEIS." These large-paper copies are 
 extremely well produced ; but they are of course open to the 
 exception taken at page 81 to a naturally square-paged book 
 printed on tall but not wide paper. 
 
 By the winter of 1875-6 Morris must, I think, have been in 
 full swing with his great poem Sigurd the Volsung, — perhaps 
 the greatest of all his works. Whether at this time he was 
 much worried for contributions of verse to periodicals, I cannot 
 positively say ; but I fancy he had to decline many proposals 
 of that kind. Be that as it may, it is certain that he supplied 
 the editor of The Athenaum in the spring of 1876 with a bright 
 little reminiscence of the Earthly Paradise period. In that 
 journal for the 13th of May 1876 appeared The First Foray of 
 Aristomenes , described as " a fragment of a poem called The 
 Story of Aristomenes." It is written in the Chaucerian heroic 
 couplets which he so much affected in earlier years. He has 
 never gathered it into his published works ; but it has a 
 permanent form in a thin privately printed pamphlet — 
 
 (42) 
 
 THE TWO SIDES OF 
 
 THE EIVER 
 
 HAPLESS LOVE 
 
 AND 
 
 THE FIRST FORAY OF 
 ARISTOMENES 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 LONDON 
 
 1876 
 
 \Nol for Sale\ 
 
86 Horrington House. 
 
 Of this thin crown 8vo., which, for the rest, looks much like 
 the spilth of that, project for enlarging the Gtienevere volume 
 ■when reprinting it the year before, the half-title is "THE TWO 
 SIDES OF THE RIVEE/ HAPLESS LOVE/ and/ THE 
 FIEST FOEAY OP/ AEISTOMENBS." The verso is blank : 
 so is that of the title-page given above. The three poems 
 occupy pages 5 to 22 ; and there is a blank leaf at the end. 
 The title of each poem is used as head-line (in italic capitals, 
 recto and verso) ; and in all respects the printing and paper 
 are like those of the other Morris crown octavos of that period. 
 In the few copies which I have seen the pamphlet is sewn into 
 a printed wrapper on the front of which the legend of the half- 
 title is reproduced within a border of thin rules, thus — 
 
 THE TWO SIDES OF THE RIVER 
 HAPLESS LOVE 
 
 AND 
 
 THE FIRST FORAY OF 
 ARISTOMENES 
 
 This wrapper is of a pale sage-green colour, thin, and somewhat 
 shiny ; and it is accompanied in copies which I have seen by a 
 leaf of thin white paper at each end, presumably to avoid the 
 contrast between the creamy paper of the book and the green 
 of the wrapper. 
 
 It may be fairly supposed that, if the Guenevere reprint had 
 contained additional poems, not theretofore collected, these 
 would have included The Ttvo Sides of the Biver and Hapless 
 Love. There might also have been The God of the Poor, On the 
 Edge of the Wilderness, and The Dark Wood; and it seems a 
 
Sigurd the Volsung. 87 
 
 pity that this charming little private print did not contain six 
 poems instead of three. However, those three, omitted from 
 the pamphlet, were gathered into the Poems by the Way in 
 the Kelmscott Press days later on ; and, curiously, two out of 
 the three in the pamphlet were then left out in the cold,— 
 Hapless Love and the Aristomenes fragment. 
 
 In the winter of 1876 came out Sigurd the Volsung, dated 
 1877. I had my copy by the 20th of November 1876. The 
 title-page reads — 
 
 (43) 
 THE STOEY 
 
 OF 
 
 SIGURD THE VOLSUNG, 
 
 AND THE 
 
 FALL OF THE NIBLUNGS. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AUTHOR OF 'THE BAETHTA' PARADISE.' 
 
 LONDON : 
 ELLIS AND WHITE, NEW BOND STEEET. 
 
 jmcccLXXvii. 
 
 Being written in long lines, Sigurd had to be of the same 
 square form as Love is Enough and the Virgil, in order to 
 range with the other works. Square crown 8vo. (Imperial 
 16mo.) it accordingly was. The poem fills 392 pages ; 
 and there are four preliminary leaves, — a half-title (" THE 
 STOEY/ OP/ SIGUED THE VOLSUNG/ and the/ PALL 
 OF THE NIBLUNGS ") with a blank verso, the title with 
 the three-line imprint at the foot of the verso, — " LONDON :/ 
 Pbintbd by John Steangeways,/ Castle St. Leicester Sq." — 
 and three pages of "Contents." The paging is in Arabic 
 figures as usual ; and the head-lines, in roman capitals, are 
 (verso) "THE STOEY OP SIGUED THE VOLSUNG," 
 (recto) " BOOK I. SIGMUND," and so on. This book again 
 was done up in " Morris-green " cloth unblocked, with a 
 
88 Horrington House. 
 
 printed back-label reading " THE STOEY/ OF/ SIGUED/ 
 THE VOLSUNG/ and/ THE FALL OF THE/ NIBLUNGS./ 
 W. MOEEIS./ 12s." The edition consisted of 2500 copies ; 
 and on this occasion again there were twenty-five Whatman 
 paper copies, demy 8vo., a size which, as in the case of the 
 large-paper Love is Enough and Virgil, " becomes " the page 
 of type less than the ordinary size does. The Whatman copies 
 are done up in Turner-grey paper boards with a cream-white 
 back and a printed label like the ordinary one but with the 
 price omitted. 
 
 The original impression of Sigurd was still not quite ex- 
 hausted when Mr. Ellis retired in 1885; but there were not very 
 many copies to be transferred to Messrs. Eeeves and Turner, 
 who published a fresh edition in the summer of 1887. The 
 2500 copies printed ten years before must have 
 
 (44-45) served for the second and third editions as well as 
 the first ; for this one of the new publishers is 
 called the fourth. The title-page reads as follows : 
 
 (46) 
 
 THE STOEY/ of/ SIGUED THE VOLSUNG/ and the/ 
 FALL OF THE NIBLUNGS./ by/ WILLIAM 
 
 MOEEIS,/ AUTHOR OF ' THE EAETHLY PAEADISE.'/ 
 
 FOURTH EDITION. I LONDON : EEEVES AND 
 TUENEE, 196, STEAND./ mdccclxxxvii 
 
 Like the original issue, this has four preliminary leaves ; but 
 the body of the book is printed with thinner leads between the 
 lines, and makes only 345 pages instead of 392. There are 
 six pages of Eeeves and Turner's advertizements at the end. The 
 size of the book is imperial 16mo. again ; but the large-paper 
 copies, instead of being done in demy 8vo., were done in 
 crown quarto on Dickenson's hand-made paper. They are 
 handsome books, half-bound in vellum with cloth sides flowered 
 all over in green and gold, and with printed back-labels reading 
 " THE STOEY/ of/ SIGUED/ THE VOLSUNG/ and/ THE 
 FALL OF THE/ NIBLUNGS./ W. MOEEIS." I am glad 
 to think that there will be enough of these fine and durable 
 volumes to " please the eyes of many men " in the coming 
 century ; for the number printed was, I believe, a hundred. 
 Those men are not to have the sumptuous folio which the poet 
 
Sigurd the Volsung. 89 
 
 designed to print at the Kelmscott Press ; and very few of 
 them will ever hold in their hands the single sheet which the 
 Trustees caused to be pulled for presentation to the poet's 
 friends before distributing this noble combination of the Troy 
 type. Nothing can be sadder to those friends than this 
 uncompleted sheet, printed on one side only. On its first page, 
 within a border of grape-vine, is the opening of Book I, 
 " Sigmund," headed thus — 
 
 (47) 
 
 IN THIS BOOK IS TOLD OF THE BAELIEE DAYS 
 OF THE VOL-/SUNGS AND OF SIGMUND THE 
 FATHEE OF SIGUED, AND OF/ HIS DEEDS, 
 AND OF HOW HE DIED WHILE SIGUED WAS 
 YET/ UNBOEN IN HIS MOTHBE'S WOMB./ Of 
 the dwelling of King Volsung, and the wedding of Sigay 
 his daughter. 
 
 Below this heading, for a space of 3f inches, the right-hand 
 side is filled with the opening of the poem ; while the left- 
 hand side is blank for lack of the large ornamental word 
 " There " which Morris was to design — 
 
 There was a dwelling of kings ere the world was waxen old 
 
 being the first line. Pages 2 and 3 of this sheet are blank ; 
 and page 4 is numbered 16, — showing that the book was 
 meant to be gathered into fasciculi of four sheets for binding. 
 At the foot of this last page is printed in red the following 
 statement of the Trustees : — ■" Incomplete sheet of Sigurd the 
 Volsung. 32 copies printed at the Kelmscott Press on/ 
 Jan. 11, 1897, before the distribution of the type. Not for 
 sale." 
 
 But although those men of next century will not have the 
 great folio Sigurd uniform with the Kelmscott Chaucer, there 
 is reason to hope they will have 160 copies on paper and six on 
 vellum of a small folio edition which the Trustees of the poet 
 announce. It is to be printed in the Chaucer type, in black 
 
 and red, with two wood-cuts designed by Sir Edward 
 (48) Burne-Jones, and new borders designed by the poet ; 
 
 and I regret that I cannot describe it here, though giving it 
 a number as if it were an accomplished fact. I wonder whether 
 
90 Sigurd the Volsung. 
 
 those next century men will think they would have preferred 
 it in the Golden type. If so, they may fall back on the small 
 pica of Strangeways on Dickenson's paper already described. 
 I am harping on those men because it seems to me that their 
 ancestors now present among us have not fully appreciated the 
 might and magnitude of this epic. There are doubtless a few 
 who regard it as among the great works of the age and indeed 
 of English literature. Twenty years ago, when it was brand- 
 new, it was my luck to meet the late Mathilde Blind and Mr. 
 Theodore Watts (now Watts-Dunton) at the house of my dear 
 old friend W. B. Scott. We were all full of Sigurd ; and Miss 
 Blind, with that fresh enthusiasm which distinguished her to 
 the end, held staunchly that there was no English epic 
 superior to it. "I think," she said in her broad German- 
 English, — German only in the pronunciation, for she spoke 
 and wrote the idiom perfectly, — "I think it is quaiite as good 
 as Baradaise Lost !" And for my part I am content to leave 
 that question for those next-century fellows to settle. 
 
KELMSCOTT HOUSE 
 
 LECTUEES 
 LETTEES &c. ON PUBLIC QUESTIONS 
 
nJ^}foM<L.*^L^-. 
 
 Kelmteott House ,CIpp<)r^lall , 
 Rammcr6m(th,on a brtgbt day 
 soon after tbc 3rd of Oetobor 
 1896 vbcn (Qilltdtn jvtorris 
 died there , 
 
KELMSCOTT HOUSE : 
 
 Lectures — Letters &c. on Public Questions. 
 
 We haye now followed Morris through his books to the 
 end of the years during which he stood before the public as 
 an artist alone, — -poet, designer, worker in all or most decora- 
 tive crafts. By the time at which we have arrived, 1877, he 
 was interesting himself a good deal in public questions other 
 than artistic. His first notable utterance on such a question, 
 as far as I recollect, is a very striking letter to the Editor of 
 The Daily News. Written at 26 Queen Square, Bloomsbury, 
 on the 24th of October 1876, it appeared in the paper on the 
 26th, headed " England and the Turks," and was signed 
 " WiUiam Morris, Author of 'The Earthly Paradise.'" On 
 the rumour of our going to war with Eussia for the sake of 
 the Turks, the poet roundly denounced Lord Beaconsfield, and 
 called upon other quiet men, " sentimentalists" or what not, 
 to bestir themselves. His burden was " No war for thieves 
 and murderers "; and he kept it up for the best part of a 
 column. It was not surprising that he followed this up by 
 taking an active part in the work of the Eastern Question 
 Association, of which he became Treasurer. On Monday the 
 14th of May 1877 a meeting was held at Myddelton Hall, 
 Islington, to protest against any action of the Government 
 involving England in a war, the effect of which would have 
 been to maintain Turkish Tyranny. To this agitation Morris 
 contributed a poem of five eight-Hne stanzas printed on one 
 side of a single demy 8vo leaf, which was freely circulated 
 among the mechanics of London. It was headed 
 
 (49) 
 
 WAKE, LONDON LADS! 
 
 Air, The Hardy Norseman's home of yore. 
 
 and was .signed in full, WILLIAM MOEEIS. A placard 
 
94 Kelmscott House. 
 
 headed UNJUST WAE, which was posted about London at 
 the same period, is attributed to Morris's pen ; 
 (50-51) and of this copies were reprinted on a slip for 
 hand to hand distribution. At about the same time 
 he was busy with others in founding the Society for the Pro- 
 tection of Ancient Buildings, familiarly known as " the Anti- 
 scrape Society," or more briefly " the Anti-scrape." The 
 manifesto of that body was written by him, and issued as an 
 ordinary prospectus on a sheet of post quarto writing paper, 
 four pages : those who wish may call the first page a title-page. 
 It was printed simultaneously in English and in French, the 
 first page consisting of the usual details as to the Society's 
 Ofiicers &c., and the manifesto following on pages 2, 3, and 4. 
 The heading is, in the English version, 
 
 (52) 
 .Societu for the ISvotection of ^ntttitt ButlOtngs. 
 
 Offices : — 9 Buckingham Stebet, Adelphi, London, W.C. 
 
 and in the French version, 
 
 (53) 
 Societc your la |9rotcctton ties Uncfcns ifionumeutis. 
 
 Bureaux :— 9 Buckingham Steeet, Adelphi, Londebs, W.C. 
 
 The list of honorary Secretaries, which follows three columns 
 of names of the Committee, opens in each version with 
 
 William Morris, Kelmscott House, Hammersmith. 
 
 To that house he had lately moved from Hornington House, 
 Turnham Green ; and from there during the rest of his Ufe 
 he issued a vast number of communications to the press in 
 furtherance of the aims of the " Anti-scrape." The Prospectus 
 has always been kept in print, varying as to the names of the 
 Committee and Officers, and also in form. At present it is 
 printed on a half-sheet post folio, two pages : The lower half of 
 the first contains the opening of the manifesto, headed thus : 
 
 (54 to 57) 
 
 [THE FOLLOWING ABE THE PBINCIPLES OF THE 
 SOCIETY FORI THE PBOTEGTION OF ANCIENT 
 BUILDINGS AS SET FOBTHj UPON ITS FOUN- 
 DATION IN 1877, AND WHICH ABE HEBE/ 
 BEPBINTED IN 1896 WITHOUT ALTEBATION.] 
 
" The Decorative Art.s." 95 
 
 The second page ends with a list of Local Correspondents 
 which formed no part of the original print, though it occurs 
 on quarto reissues dd,ted March 1882 and June 1885. The 
 folio half-sheet was adopted at least as long ago as 1891. 
 The Society has issued annual reports from the first. Of these 
 there are nineteen. It is safe to assume that Morris had to 
 do with most if not all of them ; but they are scarcely 
 to be numbered among his works. They are post 8vo. 
 pamphlets in grey wrappers. The title-page of the first is 
 — "Sotietw for the J^rotection/ of Ancient ISuillJingB./ The 
 First Annual Meeting of/ the Society./ Eeport of the 
 Committee/ thereat read./ 21st. June, 1878./ WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS,/ Hon. Sec." The rest do not often vary much from 
 that model, though the 7th mentions a paper and the 12th 
 an address by Morris. In 1881 a small 4to. volume of transac- 
 tions was issued ; and there have been many printed circulars, 
 leaflets, and pamphlets. Those which were certainly written 
 by Morris will be mentioned in chronological order. 
 
 Morris soon got to be in demand as a public lecturer on 
 subjects connected with the arts ; nor was it long before the 
 social and political aspects of his themes took very serious 
 hold on him. In 1878 he published 
 
 THE DECORATIVE ARTS 
 
 THEIR RELATION TO 
 
 MODERN LIFE AND PROGRESS 
 
 AN ADDRESS 
 Delivered before the Trades' Guild of Learnimj 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOERIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 ELLIS AND WHITE, 
 
 29 NEW BOND STREET. 
 
96 Kelmscott House. 
 
 This crown 8vo. pamphlet, issued on the 4th of February 
 1878, consists of 32 pages including the title of which the verso 
 is blank, and a Turner grey paper wrapper on which the title 
 is repeated within a plain thin-rule border. It is paged in the 
 ordinary way, has head-lines throughout (" The Decorative 
 Arts "), and a one-line imprint at the foot of page 32, beneath a 
 thin rule, " London : Printed by John Steangeways, Castle St. 
 Leicester Sq." Two thousand copies were printed ; and, as a 
 rule, they were issued with the edges cut, and with no date ; 
 but I remember criticizing the pamphlet on both points on the 
 day of its issue, and obtaining as a favour a copy or two 
 uncut. Later on, the wrapper was reprinted with the date 
 1878 at foot. Cut copies so dated are rarer than cut copies 
 undated. An uncut, dated copy, I never saw. The thing to 
 have as representing the editio princeps is, of course, a copy 
 undated and uncut. 
 
 A year later Morris was lecturing at Birmingham as Pre- 
 sident of the Birmingham Society of Arts and School of Design. 
 His address was published as an 8vo. pamphlet (cut round the 
 edges) with the following title-page : — 
 
 (59) 
 
 Society of Jlvts anb School of design. 
 
 ADDEESS 
 
 DELIVEEED IN 
 
 THE TOWN HALL, BIEMINGHAM, 
 
 On the 19th op Febeuaey, 1879, 
 
 BY 
 
 WM. MOEEIS, M.A., 
 PRESIDENT. 
 
 BIRMINGHAM : 
 PEINTED BY B. C. OSBOENE, 84, NEW STEEET. 
 
 The verso of this title-page is blank. The address occupies 
 pages 3 to 23, the last having the printer's imprint repeated at 
 
Labour and Pleasure. 97 
 
 foot, and a blank verso. There are no headlines; and the 
 pages are numbered centrally in Arabic figures. 
 
 The year 1880 produced a second Birmingham presidential 
 address, also printed as a pamphlet,— with the following title :— 
 
 (60) 
 
 BIRMINGHAM 
 SOCIETY OF AETS & SCHOOL OF DESIGN. 
 
 LABOUR AND PLEASURE, 
 
 VERSUS 
 
 LABOUR AND SORROW. 
 
 AN 
 
 ADDRESS 
 
 BY 
 
 William Moeeis, Esq., M.A., 
 
 PKK8IDENT, 
 
 IN THE TOWN HALL, BIRMINGHAM, 
 19th Febeuaby, 1880. 
 
 BIRMINGHAM : 
 CUND BEOS., PEINTEES, LONDON WOEKS, MOOE STBEET. 
 
 This pamphlet is an 8vo. with cut edges, carefully printed on a 
 good toned paper. It is so imposed as to be folded but once and 
 stitched through the crease. The title (in fancy letters) has a 
 blank verso, and is followed by a half-title (lines 3 to 5 of the title) 
 with a quotation from Defoe set in an italic colophon. The 
 verso of this, also, is blank. The Address commences on what 
 is really the fifth page but is counted as page 3 ; and it extends 
 to page 31. Pages 4 to 31 are numbered centrally in Arabic 
 figures, there being no head-lines. Page 32 is not numbered. 
 In the centre, between two thin 2-em rules, is the imprint 
 " BIEMINGHAM :/ cund beothees, peintees, London 
 
 7 
 
98 Kelmscott House. 
 
 WOEKS, PATBENOSTEE EOW,/ MOOE STEEBT." The last leaf IS 
 
 blank. This pamphlet is very scarce. Unless perfectly clean, 
 it is somehow abnormally ugly, the type being small for an 
 8vo. page, and the margins ill proportioned. A copy in mint 
 state, however, has a look of attractiveness quite irresistible to 
 the collector. A circular about the Hammersmith carpets, 
 dated 24 May 1880 and issued by Morris and Co., was doubt- 
 less written by the poet himself ; but see the Appendix. 
 
 In 1881 he delivered an address at Burslem : it was printed 
 in an 8vo. pamphlet of which the following is the title-page : — 
 
 (61) 
 
 THE 
 WEDGWOOD INSTITUTE. 
 
 REPORTS 
 
 ^rt)ool0 of ^titntt $c art, 
 
 FOR THE TEAB 
 
 1880-81, 
 
 WITH THE 
 
 ADDEESS DELIVEEED 
 
 BY 
 
 Mr. WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 at the Twelfth Annua/ Meeting, 
 
 HELD IN THE BUESLEM TOWN HALL, 
 OCTOBER 13th, 1881 
 
 Warwick Savage, Printer, Burslem. 
 
 The verso of the title is blank. The pamphlet is sewn and 
 cut, and has 28 pages. Morris's address begins on page 9 and 
 ends on page 23. The rest is occupied with reports, accounts, 
 lists, &c. 
 
 In 1882 he issued a collection of his lectures under the 
 general title, 
 
Lectures on A)'t. 99 
 
 (62) 
 
 HOPES AND FEAES 
 FOR ART. 
 
 FIVE LECTURES DELIVERED IN BIRMINaHAM, 
 LONDON, AND NOTTINGHAM, 
 
 1878-1881. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AUTHOR OF 'THE LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON,' 
 'THE EAKTHLY PARADISE,' &c. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 ELLIS & WHITE, 29 NEW BOND STEEET. 
 
 1882. 
 
 This is a crown 8vo. volume printed on laid paper, — 217 pages 
 with two preliminary leaves (half-title and title) and a leaf at 
 the end bearing on both sides advertizements of Morris's works. 
 The half-title reads " HOPES AND EEAES EOE AET " 
 and has a blank verso. On the verso of the title, at the foot, 
 is the imprint " London/ printed by strangeways & sons,/ 
 Tower Street, Upper St. Martin's Lane." This imprint is re- 
 peated in the centre of the verso of page 217. The paging is 
 at the outer top corners as usual ; and the head-lines give the 
 titles of the several lectures, both recto and verso, in Italics. 
 The cover is of " Morris green ' cloth, unblocked, bearing a 
 printed back-label with the legend " MOEEIS' S/ LECTUEES/ 
 ON/ AET./ 4s. &cl." The edition consisted of 1000 copies ; 
 and the book was out by February 1882. Twenty-five copies 
 were printed without variation on Whatman's hand-made 
 paper, of demy 8vo. size, done up in blue paper boards with 
 cream-white backs (bands showing), and a back-label worded 
 like that of the ordinary copies but with no mention of price. 
 
 In this collection The Decorative Arts is reprinted as The 
 Lesser Arts and stands first ; next comes The Art of the People 
 (a reprint of the Birmingham Address 1879 with the Defoe 
 motto transferred to its head) ; The Beauty of Life, which 
 follows, is a reprint of Labour and Pleasure versus Labour and 
 Sorrow ; next comes Making the Best of it, a paper read before 
 the Trades Guild of Learning and the Birmingham Society of 
 
 7—2 
 
100 Kelmscott Home. 
 
 Artists ; and the book ends with The Prospects of Architecture 
 
 in Civilization, an address delivered at the London 
 
 (63) Institution. A second edition of 1000 copies was 
 
 issued a year after the first. There is nothing special 
 
 to record about it. 
 
 A crown 8vo. volume published in the same year as Hopes 
 and Fears for Art has two more lectures by Morris in it — 
 
 (64) 
 LECTTTRES ON ART 
 
 DELIVERED IN SUPPORT OC THE 
 
 SOCIETY FOE THE PEOTECTION OF 
 ANCIENT BUILDINGS 
 
 REGINALD STUAET POOLE 
 
 Peof. W. B. EICHMOND 
 E. J. POYNTEE, E.A. 
 
 J. T. MICKLETHWAITE 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 EoiiDon 
 
 MACMILLAN AND CO. 
 
 1882 
 
 Morris wrote not far short of half the book, 106 pages out 
 of 232 of the text, which text is preceded by the half-title 
 LECTUEES ON AET, with the pubhshers' monogram on 
 the verso, the title-page with imprint at the foot of the verso, 
 " Printed by E. & E. Clabk, Edinburgh." — a preface of three 
 pages by Mr. Micklethwaite, ending on page vii, the verso of 
 which is blank, and two pages of " Contents." The pages are 
 numbered in the outer corners ; and there are head-lines giving 
 the subjects of the several lectures in even capitals with the 
 names of the authors in extremely small capitals in the inner 
 corners. Morris's two lectures are The History of Pattern 
 Designing and The Lesser Arts of Life. 
 
 Like most of Clark's work, the sheets are excellently printed 
 in very black ink on very white paper. They are bound in 
 a good green cloth into an entirely pleasant volume, with a 
 plain ruled border round the sides ("blind") and the title 
 lettered on the back in gold thus—" LECTUEES/ ON/ AET/ 
 
Lecture on Textile FahricK. 101 
 
 Poole/ Eichmond/ Poyntek/ Micklethwaite/ Morris/ 
 MACMILLAN & Co." The end-papers are white. 
 
 In 1882 Morris also wrote for the " Anti- scrape " a circular 
 on Italian restorations, — to be distributed in Italy : it was 
 translated into Italian (by a member of the Society), and was 
 printed in that language, — two quarto pages of print and a 
 blank leaf (half a sheet, post quarto). Page 1 is headed— 
 
 (65) 
 Sottfta per la J^fote^ioite tin IMouumcnti ?lntici)t. 
 
 At the head of the secretarial signatures is that of Morris. 
 
 There is one more pamphlet to describe before passing to 
 those of the Socialist period. Its title is — 
 
 (66) 
 
 International Health Exhibition. 
 LONDON, 1884. 
 
 TEXTILE FABEICS. 
 A LECTURE 
 
 DELIVERED IN THE 
 
 LECTURE BOOM OF THE EXHIBITION, 
 JULY nth, 1884. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED FOR THE 
 
 iEVffUtibe Council of t\)t Bnttniational ifetaltl^ i£)iIjibitton, 
 auif for t{)e Council of tlje ^ocitti? of Siitg, 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, Limited, 
 
 INTERNATIONAL HEALTH EXHIBITION 
 
 AND 13, CHARING CROSS, S.W. 
 
 1884. 
 
102 Kelmscott House. 
 
 This is an 8vo. of two sheets, one placed within the other and 
 sewn through the fold, with a wrapper pasted on and the edges 
 trimmed. On the verso of the title is the central imprint 
 
 " LONDON :/ PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED,/ 
 
 STAMPOED STEEET AND CHAEiNG CEOss." Page 3 Contains the 
 chairman's introduction of the lecturer to his audience. The 
 lecture begins on page 4 and ends on page 29. Page 30 is 
 blank. In the centre of page 31 the imprint is repeated ; and 
 page 82 is blank. Pages 4 to 29 are numbered in the outer 
 corners as usual ; and the head-lines throughout are " TEX- 
 TILE FABBIGS." The wrapper is printed in brown ink on 
 greenish grey paper. The wording differs slightly from the title- 
 page and has an ornamental border surmounted with a crown. 
 Outside the border are the words " issued by authority" and 
 "price sixpence." Pages 2, 3, and 4 of the wrapper contain 
 lists of conferences, lectures, and official publications. 
 
SOCIALISiNI 
 
 LECTUEES— POEMS 
 
 AETICLES-TEEATISES— PEEFACES 
 
 AND NEWSPAPBES. 
 
A SUMMARY 
 OF THE PRINCIPLES 
 
 OF 
 
 SOCIALISM 
 
 WRITTEN FOR 
 THE DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION, 
 
 BY 
 H. M. HYNDMAN & WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
 The Wrapper of '■ Principles of Socialism " as designed by Morris, and 
 
 PRINTED ON cream-toned PAPER FOB THE FIRST EDITION. 
 
f"^ 
 
 THE PRINCIPLEB 
 
 OF 
 
 M 
 
 ^ SOCIALISM m 
 
 WRITTEN FOR W^ 
 
 THE DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION^ 
 
 BY 
 
 H.M.HYNDMAN 
 
 AND 
 
 I WILLIAM MORRIS 
 
 The Wkapper of "Principles of Socialism" as re-abranged for the 
 second and later issues. 
 
SOCIALISM: 
 
 Lectuebs— Poems — Aeticles — Treatises— Pebpaoes and 
 Nbwspapbes. 
 
 IT is a brusque transition from the Imperial crown on the 
 wrapper of the lecture "published by authority" to the 
 emblems which are to be found upon the long series of 
 deliverances in support of socialism now to be chronicled. 
 But the attentive reader of the lectures already mentioned 
 would find no great reason for surprise at the direction which 
 Morris's teaching soon took. Without discussing who it was 
 that first turned the poet's thoughts towards socialism, we 
 must note, in connexion with the year 1884, the foundation of 
 Mr. H. M. Hyndman's paper. Justice, the organ of the Social- 
 Democratic Federation. In that year Morris was a constant 
 contributor ; and he signed with others the address of the 
 Federation to the Trades' Unions of Great Britain, dated 
 September 1884 and published in No. 34. Half a dozen 
 articles in the next fifteen numbers finished the tale of his 
 contributions to Justice for the time being ; for the historic 
 spHt had come ; and on the 30th of December 1884 the Pro- 
 visional Council of the Socialist League signed the renowned 
 Manifesto of that new sect of socialists. But before the split 
 Morris had joined Mr. Hyndman in producing the pamphlet 
 for the cover of which the beautiful design facing this page was 
 drawn ; and to this period belong a few other pamphlets, the 
 titles of which shall be set out as briefly as possible with such 
 details as are necessary. It will be noticed that the ill-starred 
 " Modern Press " had the distinction of printing Morris's 
 earliest socialist books or booklets both in prose and in verse, 
 that is to say if the order here adopted is chronologically 
 correct, a point upon which I am not quite certain. There is 
 a strong family likeness between these pamphlets of what I 
 
108 Socialism. 
 
 will call the pre-Crane era. When Mr. Walter Crane became 
 a socialist, in the circumstances which he has himself re- 
 counted in Justice, his great gifts as a designer were ever at the 
 service of the cause ; and some of his socialist cartoons and 
 headings are as truly admirable as any of his black and white 
 work. Of the first pamphlet now to be described the title-page 
 is as follows : — 
 
 (67) 
 
 A 
 
 SUMMAEY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 PRINCIPLES OF SOCIALISM 
 
 Written for the Democratic Federation, 
 
 BY 
 
 H. M. Hyndman and William Moeeis. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 THE MODERN PRESS, 
 
 13 AND 14 PATEENOSTER ROW, E.G. 
 1884. 
 
 This is a crown 8vo. sewn and trimmed, — 64 pages counting 
 the title and blank verso and one blank leaf at the end. The 
 pages are numbered centrally in arable figures. Pages 2, 3 
 
 and 4 of the wrapper are blank. It is extremely 
 (68 — 69) rare. There is an issue of the same year on slightly 
 
 thinner paper, differing from the first in that it is 
 wire-stitched, with a pink wrapper of which the ornamentation 
 is rearranged as shown opposite, and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th 
 pages filled with advertizements, as is the last leaf (pp. 63 
 and 64). Mr. William Eeeves, who now publishes the pam- 
 phlet, issues it with the pink rearranged wrapper, different 
 advertizements, and a title-page similarly worded, but with the 
 imprint " LONDON :/ WILLIAM EEEVES, 185, Fleet 
 Street, E.G./ 1896." This issue is stabbed through and 
 sewn with thread. All three have the wrappers stuck on 
 after the sheets are fastened together. Towards the close of 
 1884 Mr. Eeeves published Mr. Sketohley's Review of European 
 Society, to which Morris contributed a brief introduction (two 
 pages of small type) dated September 29th 1884. It is a 
 
The Day is Comhuj. 109 
 
 trimmed post 8vo. of 240 pages all told, sewn and issued in a 
 pale blue wrapper with white endpapers. The title (repeated 
 on the wrapper, without the quotation from Carlyle) is — 
 
 (70) 
 
 A EEVIEW OP/ EUEOPEAN SOCIETY,/ with an/ 
 EXPOSITION AND VINDICATION/ of the pbinciplbs 
 of/ SOCIAL DBMOCEACY./ By J. SKETCHLEY,/ 
 Author of " Popery, its Supporters and Opponents," 
 "The Irish/ Question," "The Funding System," " German 
 Democracy," &c./ [quotation from Carlyle] PBIGE 
 EIGHTEENPENGE.j London:/ W. EBBVES, 185, 
 FLEET STEEET, B.C./ bibmingham:/ J. SKETCHLEY, 
 348, GHEAPSIDE./ [all eights eesebvbd.] 
 
 Of this the first edition is still in stock, but with a fresh 
 wrapper printed in dark blue ink (the first is in black) on pale 
 blue paper, and with the imprint "LONDON :/ WILLIAM 
 EEEVES, 185, FLEET STEEET, B.C." 
 
 Morris was now writing and printing in the Socialist 
 periodical press the series of poems known as Chants for 
 Socialists. One of the rarest of Socialist items is the "Modern 
 Press" issue of The Day is Coming. The title is — 
 
 (71) 
 DEMOCEATIC FEDBEATION. 
 
 CHANTS FOE SOCIALISTS: 
 
 No. I. 
 THE DAY IS COMING. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 Author of " The Earthly Paradise," etc. 
 
 London : 
 EBBVES, 185, Fleet Steeet, B.C. 
 
 It is a trimmed crown 8vo. of eight pages including the title 
 and blank verso. The head-lines (pages 4 to 8) are, verso, 
 
110 Socialism. 
 
 " CHANTS FOB SOCIALISTS," recto, " THE DAY IS 
 COMING." The imprint at foot of page 8 is, below a thin 
 rule, " Printed at The Modern Press, 13 & 14, Paternoster 
 Row, London." There is a wrapper of very pale buff paper, 
 repeating the title with the addition of " Price One Penny" 
 after " Earthly Paradise, etc." Page 2 of it is blank : pages 3 
 and 4 bear advertizements. Equally interesting and rare is 
 the pamphlet of which the following is the title : — 
 
 (72) 
 THE VOICE OF TOIL : 
 
 ALL FOR THE CAUSE. 
 
 TWO CHANTS 
 
 FOE 
 
 SOCIALISTS. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Reprinted fhom "Jcstick," 
 
 The Orijan of the .Social Democratic Federation. 
 
 (Price One Penny.) 
 
 This is an untrimmed crown 8vo. The eight pages are filled 
 by the two poems ; and the title only occurs on a pale prim- 
 rose-coloured wrapper of which pages 2, 3, and 4 are blank. 
 The pages are numbered centrally in arable figures ; and at the 
 foot of page 8 is the imprint, below a thin rule, " Printed at 
 THE Office of 'Justice.'" The next pamphlet raises the 
 blood-red banner of socialism by means of its wrapper, though 
 the subject is only indirectly socialistic : — 
 
 (73) 
 
 THE GOD OF THE POOR. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS, 
 
 AUTHOR OF " THE EARTHLY PARADISE." 
 
 ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN THB 
 ' FORTNIGHTLY RBVIBW," AUGUST 1, 1868. 
 
Art and Socialism: 
 
 111 
 
 This again is an untrimmed crown 8vo. of eight pages, but this 
 time with a regular title-page and six pages of text, numbered 
 centrally in arable figures. It is sewn into a red wrapper on 
 which the upper part of the title is reproduced, with the 
 imprint " LONDON :/ Feinted at the Office of "Justice,"/ 
 The Organ of the Social Democratic Federation.! {Price One 
 Penny.)." Pages 2, 3 and 4 of the wrapper are blank. The 
 refrain Deus est Deus iMuperum, instead of following each of 
 the 52 stanzas as in The Fortnightly Bevieiv, is only printed 
 after the first and last. 
 
 There is one more booklet belonging to 1884 : 
 
 (74) 
 
 art anb Socialism: a 
 
 Lecture delivered [January 
 23rd, 1884] before the Sec- 
 ular Society of Leicester, 
 by William Morris, 
 author of " The Earthly 
 Paradise" etc. 
 
 And Watchman : What of the Nightl 
 
 Cum Privilegio Auctoris. 
 
 ImpriDted for 
 
 E. E.M and W.l,. t 
 
 Anno 1S84 
 
 Sold by W. I1EF.TES, 185, 
 Fleet St., London, E.G. ; 
 
 and by Hsywoods, 
 London and Mancbealer. 
 
 How long after the delivery of the lecture this was printed I 
 know not. The title is a little differently worded upon the 
 wrapper, printed in red on a salmon-coloured ground, and has 
 "PEICE 3d." at foot. The booklet is a crown 16mo. of 
 3| sheets, placed one within another and sewn into the wrapper 
 through one fold. The first page bears the Leek book-mark 
 and the words " Eeprint Number VII./ Art and Socialism:/ 
 a Statement of the Aims and Ideals/ of the English Socialists of 
 To-day." On the versos of this and the title are quotations 
 from Euskin and Wordsworth. The Lecture fills pages 5 to 68. 
 
112 
 
 Socialism. 
 
 Then— after a fresh half-title, " Watchman : What of/ the 
 Night ?" — come extracts from Swinburne, Meredith, Carlyle, 
 Whitman, Blake, at al., and a lot of advertizements, complet- 
 ing 88 pages in all. There are large-paper copies (Dutch hand- 
 made) of which the wrappers are printed in red ink on prim- 
 rose-coloured paper. Of these special copies the price was Is. 
 
 The Official Journal of the Socialist Legigue. 
 
 Early in 1885 The Gommonioeal was started as the monthly 
 organ of The Socialist League. Eleven numbers, dated 
 February to December, were published in the year. In the 
 first the Manifesto appeared, as did also a new " Chant for 
 Socialists," The March of the Workers. The second number 
 contained The Message of the March Wind (also a " Chant for 
 Socialists ") ; but in the third (April) number it was announced 
 that Morris would follow the fortunes of the lovers in The 
 Message, under the title of The Pilgrims of Hope, the second 
 section of which accordingly appeared. The first number is 
 bare of decoration, — just plain homely type throughout. The 
 word " Commonweal " in the heading was set in good " old- 
 faced " capitals an inch high, with the word " the" above it in 
 ugly block letters. In the second number the " the " was done 
 to match the " Commonweal," and Morris had designed a 
 tracery of willow for a background to this heading, which re- 
 mained in use till the end. By April Mr. Crane's two admir- 
 able headings were ready ; and they appeared in No. 3. The 
 " Freedom, Equality, and Fraternity " design appeared in the 
 centre of the paper, at the head of the general notices, and 
 was also retained till the end. The Socialist League design 
 was placed on the last page at the head of a report about the 
 League. In No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 it reappeared as a heading 
 for League reports ; but after that it was reserved for the 
 pamphlets, save that a reduction from it was occasionally 
 inserted in the advertizement columns. 
 
Headings designed bt Waltek Crane. 
 
The Manifesto of the Socialist League. 115 
 
 The first independent issue of the Manifesto was a half-sheet 
 
 crown 8vo. pamphlet without title-page or wrapper, headed 
 
 "PEICE ONE PENNY.]/ THE/ MANIFESTO/ op/ THE 
 
 (75) SOCIALIST LEAGUE." This was issued 
 before the end of January 1885 ; and an advertizement 
 on the 8th page announces the first number of The Common- 
 weal for " January 28th." At the foot of the page is the im- 
 print, below a thin rule, " Printed by Arthur Bonneb, 63, 
 Fleet Street, London, E.G.— 1885." After Mr. Crane's League 
 design had been done, a white wrapper was added forming the 
 following title : — 
 
 THE MANIFESTO 
 
 1 
 
 ^^^B 
 
 1 
 
 THE SOC[/1LISim 
 
 m 
 
 E 
 
 ^i^^M^i^ 
 
 H| 
 
 WRITTEN BY WILLIAM MOEMS, 
 
 SIGNED BY THE PROVISIONAL COUNCIL AT THE FOUNHATIOK OF THE 
 LEAGUE ON 30TH DEC. 1S84, AND ADOPTED AT 
 
 THE GENERAL CONFERENCE 
 Held at FA RRINGDON HALL, LONDON, on July 6th, 1885. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Socialist 5Lcaguc ©ffice, 
 
 13, FAKKINGDON EOAD, HOLBOEN VIADnOT, B.C. 
 
 1885. 
 
 An enlarged Manifesto pamphlet was issued the same year, 
 — a crown 8vo. sheet. On the verso of the title-page is a 
 note signed by E. Belfort Bax and William Morris. The 
 Manifesto ends on page 8, — the notes, of which this is the first 
 edition, on page 14. On page 15 is a list of " Sociahst League 
 Lecturers," and on page 16 advertizements of League literature. 
 Though generally circulated without a wrapper, there are 
 copies — but these are rare — in a Turner-grey wrapper on 
 which the title is repeated with an additional line below the 
 design, " weitten by william moeeis," and the words "price 
 one penny " omitted. The title-page is as follows : — 
 
 8—2 
 
lie 
 
 Socialism. 
 
 (76) 
 THE MANIFESTO 
 
 OP 
 
 SIGNED BY THE PROVISIONAL COUNCIL AT THE FOUNDATION OF THE 
 LEAOUE ON 30th DEC. 1884, AND ADOPTED AT 
 
 THE GENERAL CONFEEENCE 
 Held at FARRiyODON HALL, LONDON, on JULY 5th, 1885. 
 
 A New Edition, Annotated by 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS and E. BELFOET BAX. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Socialist Xeague ©ftlce, 
 
 13 FAERINGDON ROAD, HOLBOEN VIADUCT, E.G. 
 1885. 
 
 PHIGE ONE PENNY. 
 
 The League gave an entertainment in June, for which Morris 
 wrote a prologue. It appeared in The Commonweal and also 
 exists as a pamphlet with the following title : — 
 
 (77) 
 
 SOCIALISTS AT PLAY. 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 Prologue 
 
 Spoken at the Entertainment of 
 
 the Socialist League . 
 
 SOUTH PLACE INSTITUTE, 
 June 11, 
 
 1885. 
 
Constitution and Rules. 
 
 117 
 
 It is a royal 16mo. of 8 pages (a quarter of a sheet), with half- 
 title, " SOCIALISTS AT PLAY," title with blank verso, and 
 4 pages of text, sewn into a blood-red wrapper on which the 
 title is repeated, and of which pages 2, 3 and 4 are blank. It 
 was not very long after the entertainment at the South Place 
 Institute that the Socialist League adopted with due solemnity 
 and promulgated with due formality a constitution and a brief 
 code of rules. These were embodied in a pamphlet of which 
 the title is as follows :— - 
 
 (78) 
 
 
 
 ^n 
 
 
 ^5^^^^^M%^^S^^^ 
 
 1 
 
 TH£ SOCmLIST 
 
 
 
 CONSTITUTION AND RULES 
 
 ADOPTED AT 
 THE GENERAL CONFEEENCE 
 
 Held at FARRINGDOX HALL, LONDON, on JULY 5th, 
 1885. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Socialist Xeaguc ©ffice, 
 
 13 FAREIN'GDON ROAD, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.G. 
 
 1885. 
 
 This publication consists of a crown 8vo. half-sheet, trimmed 
 and stitched into a green wrapper. The Constitution and 
 Rules fill the eight pages, which are numbered centrally ; 
 and there is no title-page save that on the wrapper, of 
 which page 2 is blank, while pages 3 and 4 have the list of 
 Lecturers and the advertizements. Next comes the first 
 edition of the Chants for Socialists as a whole. This is 
 not the crown 8vo. sheet frequently offered by the booksellers 
 as the first edition, but an uncut demy 8vo., very roughly 
 printed, though with a sightly title-page, as follows : — 
 
118 
 
 Socialism. 
 (79) 
 
 1 
 
 ^^^^ 
 
 I^HE soc mLi stmS 
 
 E 
 
 E^^^^^^m 
 
 CHANTS FOR SOCIALISTS 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 Contents : 
 
 1. The Day is Coming. 
 
 2. The Voice of Toil. 
 
 3. All for the Cadse. 
 
 4. No Master. 
 
 5. The March of the Workers. 
 
 6. The Message of the March Wind. 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 Published at 
 
 The Socialist League Office, 27 Faeeingdon Steeet, 
 
 LONDON, E.C. 
 
 1885. 
 
 It was first issued unsewn, merely folded. On the verso of 
 the title is an extract from a lecture by Morris. There are no 
 head-lines ; but the pages are numbered in the outer corners. 
 Page 16 has Mr. Crane's Commonweal block at the top, with 
 advertizements of the paper &c., and at foot, beneath a thin 
 rule, the imprint " Printed and published by W. Morris and J. 
 Lane at 27 Farringdon St., London, E.C." Copies are occa- 
 sionally found in a red wrapper with the legend " CHANTS/ 
 FOE/ SOCIALISTS/ by/ William Morris./ 1885." But 
 they were not originally issued in wrappers. 
 
Chants for SocMists. 1 1 9 
 
 A second edition of the Chants for Socialists was printed the 
 same year : it was done in crown 8vo. in order to make up or 
 bind with The Socialist Platforrn, which is of that size ; and 
 the "chant" Doiun among the Dead Men was added. ' The 
 title of this single sheet (16 pages) is — 
 
 (80) 
 
 CHANTS FOR SOCIALISTS 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 The Day is Coming. 
 
 The Voice of Toil. 
 
 The Message of the March Wind 
 
 CONTENTS : 
 
 No Master. 
 
 All for the Cause. 
 
 The March of the Workers. 
 
 JJown Among the Dead Men. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Socialist Xeaguc ©ffice, 
 
 13 FARRINGDON ROAD, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.G. 
 
 1885. 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 There are head-lines to this edition — versos " chants foe 
 socialists" — rectos, the names of the individual chants ; 
 and the paging is in the outer corners. There is no imprint at 
 the end. Collectors of first editions should beware of this 
 
 issue, of which copies are constantly catalogued as of 
 (81) the first edition. Another crown 8vo. edition was 
 
 printed in 1892, similar to that of 1885, but with the 
 address " 40, Berner Street, Commercial Eoad, B." Of The 
 Socialist Platform, No. 1 and No. 2 have the following titles : — 
 
120 Socialism. 
 
 (82—83) 
 THE SOCIALIST PLATFORM.— No. 1. 
 
 1 
 
 ^^^^M 
 
 'Sl,! ^^o'ue.^X H 
 
 g 
 
 ^^^^^^^3 
 
 ADDRESS TO 
 TRADES' UNIONS. 
 
 ISSUED BY THE 
 
 (Eouncil of the §orialist ^Ittagut. 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 SOCIALiyX LEAGUE OFFICE, 
 
 27 Fakringdon Street, E.G. 
 
 1885. 
 
 THE SOCIALIST PLATFORM.— No. 2. 
 
 USEFUL WORK 
 USELESS TOIL 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 ♦■ 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 SOCIALIST LEAGUE OFFICE, 
 
 13 Fakringdon Road, Holboen Viaduct, E.G. 
 
 1885. 
 
For Whom shall, we Vote? 121 
 
 Of No. 1 the preface only is signed by Morris with Mr. Bax, as 
 joint editors. The address is stated in the heading to be 
 written by Mr. Bax. Pages 13 to 15 are an Appendix by Mr. 
 Joseph Lane ; and page 16 has Mr. Crane's Commonweal block 
 at the head of advertizements. No. 2, on the other hand, is 
 a genuine editio princeps, of which the contents had been 
 delivered in lecture form and printed in Justice. It is trimmed 
 and sewn, 24 pages, with a preface by the editors on the 
 verso of the title, 21 pages of text ending on page 39, and 
 on page 40 the Commonweal block at the head of advertize- 
 ments. At the foot, below a thin rule, is the imprint 
 "Printed and published by William Moeeis and Joseph 
 Lane, at 13 Farringdon Ed. London." In 1893 this pamphlet 
 was reprinted apart from the Platform by the Hammer- 
 
 (84) smith Socialist Society with their imprint and Mr. 
 Crane's Labour and Justice design. It is a twenty- 
 page penny pamphlet. In the next number Morris is only in- 
 directly concerned : the title is — " The Socialist Platform. — 
 No. 8./ [League block]/ The Factory Hell./ by/ Edward 
 
 Aveling & Eleanor Marx Aveling./ Price One Penny./ 
 
 (85) London:/ Socialist League Office,/ 13 Farringdon Boad, 
 Holborn Viadiict, E.C./ 1885." This is one sheet. 
 
 The text begins on the verso of the title, and carries the paging 
 on to page 56, which ends with the same imprint as No. 2. 
 
 Beside The Commonweal and the Platform, there were 
 numerous sheets and leaflets produced at this time. Morris 
 wrote a crown 8vo. half-sheet, without wrapper or title-page, 
 signed and dated at the end " The Council of the Socialist 
 League — November, 1885." It is headed 
 
 (86) 
 
 PBICE ONE HALFPENNY. 
 
 FOR WHOM SHALL WE VOTE ? 
 
 AVDBESSED TO THE WORKING-MEN ELECTORS 
 OF GREAT BRITAIN. 
 
 At the end, below a thin rule, is the imprint " Printed and 
 Published at the ' Commonweal ' Office, 13 Farringdon Eoad, 
 London, E.C." He also wrote an address which was printed 
 on both sides of a single Bvo. leaf headed — 
 
122 
 
 No. 11.] 
 
 Socialism. 
 (87) 
 
 WHAT SOCIALISTS WANT. 
 
 SOCIALIST 
 L€AGU€ 
 
 vHAMneRSniiH 'J 
 
 BRANCH 
 
 At the end, below a thin rule, is the imprint "Issued by the 
 Hammersmith Branch of the Socialist League, Kehnscottj House, 
 Upper Mall, Hammersmith, W. Lectures aticl discussion every j 
 
 Sunday even- 
 ing atQ o'clock. 
 Open free to 
 all." The 
 Branch was 
 conducted, as 
 might be aup- 
 posed, not 
 without re- 
 gard to the 
 adornments 
 of life. The 
 card of mem- 
 bership, a 
 folding card 
 measuring 6 
 inches by 4J, 
 bears a charm- 
 ing desigQ by 
 Mr. Crane; 
 and those who 
 have their 
 cards still may 
 please them- 
 selves with 
 the thought 
 that they pos- 
 sess, with the 
 poet's auto- 
 graph, if not a positive portrait of him in the punning 
 character of a smith hammering, at least a stalwart man 
 with a handsome face intentionally of the Morris type. 
 
 BRANCH 
 StCR.6TAR.-V 
 
 TRfeASafUR 
 
 CjJlC^'-c*^^ ,yC't^tc<; 
 
The Labour Question. 123 
 
 The year 1886 was very productive. The Commonweal, a 
 monthly journal in 1885, appeared weekly after the April 
 number of 1886 ; and Morris contributed to that year's volume 
 not only the complement of The Pilgrims of Hope, a consider- 
 able part of Socialism from the Boot Up (with Mr. Bax), An 
 Old Story Betold (^A King's Lesson), and a great part of A 
 Dream of John Bull, but also a large number of articles and 
 " Notes on Passing Events." In Edinburgh one of his Socialist 
 lectures was printed with the following title : — ■ 
 
 (88) 
 
 CLAIMS OF LABOUR LECTURES — No. 5. 
 THE LABOUR QUESTION 
 
 FROM THE 
 
 SOCIALIST STANDPOINT. 
 
 By William Moeeis. 
 
 EDINBURGH 
 
 CO-OPERATIVE PRINTING COMPANY LIMITED, 
 
 BRISTO PLACE. 
 
 1886. 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 This appears to be a single sheet of double crown paper. It is 
 well printed, but trimmed and metal-fastened, with one fastener 
 through the centre. • On the verso of the title is a note relating 
 to the series. The Lecture begins on page 3 with a dropped 
 head. Pages 4 to 29 are numbered centrally in Arabic figures ; 
 
 30 and 31 are blank ; 32 is a page of advertizements 
 (89) about Claims of Labour Lectures &c. The whole series 
 
 including this of Morris's was reprinted as a crown 
 8vo. volume done up in cloth and sold at a popular price. The 
 next pamphlet brings us back to London : — 
 
124 Socialism. 
 
 (90) 
 THE SOCIALIST PLATFOEM.-No. 4. 
 
 A SHORT ACCOUXT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 OOMMUI^E OF PAEIS. 
 
 E. BELFOET BAX, VICTOE DAVE 
 
 AND 
 
 WILLIAM MOEBIS. 
 
 PRICE TWOPENCE. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 SOCIALIST LEAGUE OFFICE, 
 
 13, Faekinqdon Road, Holborn Viaduct, E.G. 
 
 1886. 
 
 On the verso of the title this crown 8vo. pamphlet has a quota- 
 tion from Meredith's Poems and Lyrics of the Joy of Earth. 
 Opposite this the short account starts with a dropped head. 
 Pages 60 to 79 (for the paging is continuous from No. 3) are 
 numbered in the outer corners. The head-lines are, versos 
 " The Socialist Platform," rectos " The Paris Commune." 
 Page 80 contains Socialist advertizements. The 5th No. has 
 nothing of Morris's in it, and needs only to be described here 
 
 as part of a whole in which he is the chief writer. The 
 (91) title is—" The Socialist Platform. — No. 5./ [League 
 
 block]/ Organized Labour./ The Duty of the Trades' 
 Unions/ In relation to Socialism./ Byj Thomas Binning/ 
 {London Society of Compositors)./ Price one Penny./ London:/ 
 Socialist League Office,/ 13 Farringdon Road, Holborn Viaduct, 
 E.G./ 1886." A Lecture delivered by Morris at Norwich, 
 printed in Daylight, was reprinted in 8 columns on both sides 
 of an unfolded single sheet, headed as follows : — 
 
The Pilgrims of Hope. 125 
 
 (92) 
 SOCIALISM. 
 
 A LECTURE delivered under the auspices of the Norwich 
 Branch of the Socialist League, at/ the Victoria Hall, Norwich, 
 on Monday evening, March 8th, 1886, by/ 
 
 ME. WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 Beprinted from " Daylight." 
 
 There is no imprint. The sub-title is in two lines. By the 
 beginning of July the end of The Pilgrims of Hope had appeared 
 in The Commonweal. I could not persuade its author to 
 reprint it : he considered it wanted more revision than he 
 could give it at the time. I threatened to reprint it in a decent 
 way myself, privately of course ; and, as he' did not forbid me, 
 I did so. The booklet, intended to be uniform with his " square 
 crown Bvo." volumes of long-line poems, consists of a half-title, 
 " THE/ PILGRIMS OF HOPE," a title, a list of contents, a 
 two-page prefatory note, a second half-title, pages 9 to 69 of 
 text, a blank leaf, and a grey wrapper. The title-page reads 
 as follows : — 
 
 (93) 
 
 THE 
 
 PILGRIMS OF HOPE 
 
 A POEM 
 
 IN THIRTEEN BOOKS 
 BT 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 LONDON : 
 Bbought together from " The Commonweal " 
 
 For March, April, May, June. August. September, & November, 1885, 
 
 And January, March, April, May 8, June 5, & July 3, 
 
 MDCCCLXXXVI. 
 
 The first page of the wrapper bears the title " THE/ 
 PILGEIMS OF HOPE/ BY/ WILLIAM MOEEIS." All 
 unspecified versos are blank. I grieve to say the edges are 
 trimmed, — contrary to express orders. Otherwise the print is 
 
126 Socialism. 
 
 not one to be ashamed of, but rather choice. It and the next, 
 published by Morris himself, compare very favourably with the 
 League prints. The next is a pretty little 40-page demy 16mo. 
 in a Turner-grey wrapper, which was on sale by the middle of 
 February 1887. The title is— 
 
 (94) 
 
 THE AIMS OF ART 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 AUTHOK OF "the EAKTHLY PARADISE" ETC 
 
 LONDON 
 
 OFFICE OF " THE COMMONWEAL " 
 
 13 FARRINGDON ROAD 
 
 1887 
 
 This is repeated on the wrapper. Page 3 of the book has a 
 dropped head ; pages 4 to 39 are numbered in the outer corners 
 and have the head-line " TBE AIMS OF ART" ; and at foot 
 of page 39 is the imprint, below a thin rule, " london :/ 
 Steangeways and Sons, Tower Street, St. Martin's Lane, 
 W.C." All unspecified pages are blank. There are copies on 
 Whatman's hand-made paper, with hand-made wrappers. 
 Before the close of the spring came out one half of the transla- 
 tion of Homer's Odyssey : the title-pages of this book are — 
 
 (95) 
 THE 
 
 ODYSSEY OF HOMER 
 
 DONE INTO ENGLISH VERSE 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AUTHOR OF THE EARTHLY PARADISE. 
 
 IN TWO VOLUMES. 
 VOL. I. [IL] 
 
 LONDON : 
 REEVES & TURNER, 196 STRAND. 
 
 MDOCOLXXXVn. 
 
The Odyssey of Homer. 127 
 
 Although printed in eights, this book may be most nearly 
 described as a foolscap quarto. Each volume consists of twelve 
 books of the Odyssey, preceded by four leaves— namely the 
 half-title reading " THE ODYSSEY OF HOMEE," title, and 
 3-page " Contents." The verso pages ii, iv, and viii are blank in 
 both volumes. In Volume I. the text consists of 230 pages, and 
 is followed by a blank leaf : in Volume II. the text is 218 pages, 
 and ends on page 450, the paging of the two volumes being 
 continuous. At the foot of page 450, below a. thin rule, is the 
 imprint " LONDON/ Printed by Stbangbways & Sons, Tower 
 Street, Cambridge Circus." The book is put up in blue paper 
 boards with white rounded backs and printed labels of which 
 the legend is "THE/ ODYSSEY/ OF/ HOMEE./ W. 
 MOEEIS./ VOL. I. [II.]/ Price 12s." The price was that 
 of each volume ; for the ordinary copies of this first edition are 
 on hand-made paper — Dutch, I think ; but there are no water- 
 marks. The book is quite untrimmed, and is of a most agree- 
 able appearance, — handsome enough for anything. Neverthe- 
 less there were large-paper copies printed on Dickenson's hand- 
 made paper, of crown quarto size, bound in mottled paper 
 boards of a dark olive colour with more or less yellow in flecks, 
 and backed with vellum. The labels read as in the ordinary 
 copies but that no price is given on them. Vol. I., of both 
 sizes, came out in April 1887, — Vol. II. in November. 
 
 It will not be supposed that these two beautiful volumes 
 were paged continuously without a practical reason. The 
 object, of course, was to avoid alterations for the ultimate 
 popular edition ; for an edition on hand-made paper published 
 at the price of 24s. was not likely to be a large edition. It was 
 soon consumed, and the book was then issued on ordinary 
 machine-made paper in one volume, uniform with Sigurd the 
 Volsung and the translation of The Mneid. The 
 (96 — 97) Odyssey is now included in Messrs. Longman's ten- 
 volume edition of the poetical works, with a label 
 reading "THE /POETICAL/ WOEKS OF/ WILLIAM/ 
 MOEEIS./ THE/ ODYSSEY/ OF/ HOMEE./ Six Shillings." 
 
 Late in the same year appeared the crown 8vo. blue-wrappered 
 play familiarly known as " Nupkins," rather better printed 
 than most of the League prints. The title is — 
 
128 Socialism. 
 
 (98) 
 
 THE 
 
 Tables Turned; 
 
 OR, 
 
 NUPRINS AWAKENED 
 a Socialist Jnterlu&e 
 
 By 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 Author of 'The Earthly Paradise.' 
 
 As for the first time -played at the Hall of ilie. SodaVist Learjiie 
 on Saturday October 15, 1887 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 OFFICE OF "THE COMMONWEAL" 
 
 13 Farkingdon Road, E.G. 
 
 1887 
 All Righla Reserved 
 
 This title is on the -wrapper (there is no other title-page) : on 
 the verso appear the names of the dramatis personse and the 
 original cast, from which we learn that Morris supported the 
 character of the Archbishop of Canterbury, and his daughter 
 May (now Mrs. Sparling) that of Mary Pinch. The play is 
 apparently on a single sheet of double crown paper. It is 
 stitched into its wrapper and trimmed. The paging is as 
 usual; and the head-lines, versos "The Tables Turned; or," 
 rectos " Nupkins Awakened." The last page has the double 
 title as headline, and, at its foot, the imprint " Printed and 
 Published at the Commonweal Office, 13 Farringdon Road, 
 London, B.C." Pages 3 and 4 of the wrapper are filled by 
 advertizements. 
 
 The death of Alfred Linnell in the Trafalgar Square dis- 
 turbances of November 1887 called forth from Morris a beau- 
 tiful dirge, and from Mr. Crane a design in which the artist 
 triumphs over the obvious difficulties of making a mounted 
 policeman decorative. A pamphlet consisting of a half-sheet, 
 royal 8vo., was printed and sold in the streets with the title of 
 which a reduced copy is given opposite. All the 8 pages have 
 mourning borders. The title is page 1 ; pages 2 to 4 contain 
 
-fm- /f B^^ Ji^^a^ ^ir-ULt^ ^-^^^ 
 
 SOLD FOR THE BENEFIT OF LINNELL'S ORPHANS. 
 
 ALFRED LINNELL 
 
 Killed in Trafalgar Square, 
 
 NOVEMBER 20, 1887. 
 
 A Death Song. 
 
 BY MR. W. MORRIS. 
 
 Memorial Design by Mr. "Walter Crane. 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 Reduced fao-simile of Title-page. 
 
The Principle.^ of Sociali.sni made Plain. 131 
 
 an account of Linnell's death ; on pages 5 to 7 and the top of 
 8 the words appear set to music by Mr. Malcohn Lawson ; and 
 the dirge is printed on the lower part of page 8, at foot of 
 which is the imprint " Printed and Published by Eichaed 
 Lambert, at 2, Northumberland-street, Strand, in the Parish 
 of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields." The dropped head of page 2 
 and all verso head-lines read " ALFRED LINNELL." The 
 recto head-lines are (page 3) " KILLED IN TliAFALGAB 
 SQUARE," and (pages 5 and 6) " A DEATH SONG." 
 
 On the 5th of December Morris finished a Preface of four 
 pages to the crown 8vp. treatise of which the title is — 
 
 (100) 
 
 THE/ PEINCIPLES OF SOCIALISM/ MADE PLAIN ;/ 
 and/ objections, methods, and QUACK EE- 
 MEDIES/ FOE POVEETY CONSIDEEED./ by/ 
 FEANK FAIEMAN./ with/ PEEFACB BY WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS/ iBubon :/ WILLIAM EEEYES, 185, Fleet 
 Street, E.G./ 1888. 
 
 The book has viii + 148 pages, 4 more of advertizements, and 
 a printed wrapper differing at page 1 from the title-page. On 
 page 4 of it, Justice, The Commoyiweal, &c. are advertized. 
 The original wrapper was primrose-coloured : the same edition 
 is still on sale, but with a pale blue wrapper. The following 
 passage from the preface shows how thoughtfully Morris 
 examined the book before god-fathering it : 
 
 " It seems to me that the constitutional or parliamentary 
 method which he advocates would involve loss of energy, dis- 
 appointment, and discouragement ; that it would bear with it 
 the almost inevitable danger of the people's eyes being directed 
 to the immediate struggle, losing sight of the ultimate aim ; of 
 their being befooled by those very concessions which the author 
 speaks of as likely to be offered so eagerly by the present 
 political parties ; and, judging by the signs of the times, I 
 cannot help thinking that the necessities of the miserable, ever 
 increasing as the old system gets closer to its inevitable ruin, 
 will outrun the slow process of converting parliament from a 
 mere committee of the landlords and capitalists into a popular 
 body representing the best aspirations of the workers. More- 
 over socialists, unless they abandon their principles, cannot 
 
 9—2 
 
132 
 
 Socialism. 
 
 help showing their hand from the first, and consequently even 
 moderate measures will always be looked on with suspicion 
 coming from them, and concessions which would have been 
 granted without much resistance to the Eadicals twenty or 
 even ten years ago, if they had been demanded, will be sternly 
 refused to the Socialist demand. In the days in which I am 
 now writing, there are not lacking signs that the reactionists, 
 driven by the fear of the advancing wave of revolution, are 
 making up their minds to make a stand on the ground of mere 
 brute force, which at present they are able to command." 
 
 The next Socialist pamphlet on our list was printed about 
 the 24th of July 1888 :— 
 
 (101) 
 
 'The Socialist Platform.' 
 
 -No. 6. 
 
 TRUE AND FALSE 
 SOCIETY 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOERIS 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 SOCIALIST LEAGUE OFFICE 
 
 13 Faeeingdon Road, E.G. 
 
 1888 
 
 The verso of the title is blank. Page 3 has a dropped head. 
 Pages 4 to 22 (the text) have verso head-lines " The Socialist 
 Platform" and recto head-lines "True and False Society:' 
 Page 23 is blank. Page 24 is filled with advertizements headed 
 " Socialist Literature." The Scheme of doing up the Platform 
 with Chants for Socialists (second edition) was more than 
 realized by means of the crown Bvo. volume of which the 
 title is — 
 
The Socialist Platform. 
 
 (102) 
 THE SOCIALIST PLATFORM 
 
 WRITTEN BY SEVERAL HANDS FOR 
 
 133 
 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 THE INIANIFESTO 
 
 AND 
 
 CHANTS FOR SOCIALISTS 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Socialist Xeague ©fHce 
 
 13, FARRINGDON ROAD, HOLBORN VIADUCT, B.C 
 1888. 
 
 Price One Shilling. 
 
 This title, with a blank verso, is follovsred by a " Contents," also 
 with blank verso. The " Contents " is a list of the pamphlets 
 and their authors. The book is simply composed of the Mani- 
 festo with Notes, the six numbers of the Platform, and the 
 Chants, — the actual pamphlets, apparently. The special title 
 and " Contents" are repeated on the first and last pages of a 
 green wrapper, nearly the same colour as that of the Gonstihi- 
 
 tion and Bules. Of True mid False Society, as of 
 (103) Useful Workv. Useless Toil, there is a twenty-page 
 
 penny issue dated 1893, with the imprint of the 
 Hammersmith Socialist Society, and with the Labour and 
 Justice design which Mr. Crane did for the Society. (See 
 page 113.) 
 
SIGNS OF CHANGE 
 
 JOHN BALL— THE HOUSE OF THE WOLPINGS 
 
 THE ROOTS OF THE MOUNTAINS 
 
 NEWS FEOM NOWHERE 
 
Portrait Book-platr designed by Walter Crane for the Hammer- 
 smith Branch of the Socialist League to insert in a set of 
 
 BOOKS presented TO MORRIS'S DAUGHTER MaT ON HER MARRIAGE TO 
 
 H. Hallidat Sparling. 
 
SIGNS OF CHANGE: 
 
 John Ball — The House of the Wolfings — The Boots of 
 THE Mountains — News peom Nowhere. 
 
 WHILE 1888 was still young, Morris completed the pre- 
 paration of a volume of his lectures, issued early in 
 May under the title — 
 
 (104) 
 
 SIGNS OF CHANGE 
 Seven Xectures 
 
 DELIVERED ON VAEIOUS OCCASIONS 
 
 By 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 AUTHOR OF 
 
 "THE EARTHLY PARADISE" 
 LONDON 
 
 BEEVES AND TUENEE 
 196 STRAND 
 
 1888 
 
 In this crown 8vo. volume of xii + 204 pages including adver- 
 tizements at beginning and end, TJie Aims of Art and Useful 
 Work are reprinted, with (1) How we Live and Hoiv ive Might 
 Live, (2) Whigs, Democrats, and Socialists, and (3) Feudal 
 England, from The Gommomveal, and The Hopes of Civilization 
 and Daion of a New Epoch from the manuscripts. The ordinary 
 copies are in dark red cloth lettered on the back, " SIGNS/ 
 OF/ CHANGE/ W. MOEEIS/ reeves & turner." There are 
 large-paper (hand-made) copies, demy Bvo., done up in cream- 
 coloured buckram, with a back-label reading " SIGNS/ OP/ 
 
138 Signs of Change. 
 
 CHANGE/ Seven Lectures/ by/ W. MOEEIS/ Large Paper." 
 The book was printed in London at the Ballantyne Press : the 
 large copies are handsome. 
 
 There were not wanting " signs of change " in the attitude 
 of Morris's mind. The artist in him was getting the upper 
 hand again. Almost all he did, to the end, had something in 
 it for "the cause"; and I believe he would have held to 
 socialist principles to the end if his life had been prolonged 
 another quarter of a century. But militant socialism had 
 shown him its seamy side ; and, though -post hoc may not be 
 propter hoc, it seems to me that, as the literary artist became 
 more and more thoroughly reawakened, the differences between 
 him and the more pronounced of the militant sect tended more 
 and more towards the ultimate breach. In John Ball he must 
 have experienced keen creative joy ; but that admirable book 
 is but the beginning of the great things which the literary artist 
 had in store for us so soon as the militant socialist should give 
 him leave. 
 
 Although John Ball had been finished in The Commonweal 
 by the 22nd of January 1887, it was not republished as a book 
 till April 1888, when it came out with the title — 
 
 (105) 
 A DREAM OF JOHN BALL 
 
 AND 
 
 A KING'S LESSON. 
 
 (REPRINTED FROM THE ' COMMONWEAL.') 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AUTHOR OF 
 ' THE EABTHLT PAEADISB,' ETC. 
 
 With an Illustration by Edward Buenb-Jones. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 EEEVES & TUENEE, 196 STEAND. 
 
 MDOCOLXXXVIH. 
 
A Dream of John Ball. 139 
 
 Though worked in eights, this is a royal 16mo. It has a blank- 
 verso'd half-title, " A DEEAM OF JOHN BALL/ and/ A 
 KING'S LESSON." preceded by a blank leaf. The title is 
 followed by the " Contents " (pages vii and viii), after which is 
 inserted Sir Edward Burne-Jones's etching of the subject 
 described in the couplet 
 
 When Adam delved and Eve span 
 Who was then the gentleman ? 
 
 The story occupies 143 pages. At the foot of the last, below a 
 thin rule, is the imprint " london/ Printed by Steangeways 
 & Sons, Tower Street, Cambridge Circus, W.C." Page 144 is 
 blank, and is followed by an inserted leaf of advertizements 
 about Morris's works. The binding is of dark red cloth, un- 
 blocked, with a paper label reading " A/ DEEAM/ op/ JOHN/ 
 BALL/ rfc./ by/ W. MOEEIS/ 4s. 6d." The price is cut off 
 the label for the large-paper copies, which are on Dickens's 
 hand-made paper, pot quarto, half-bound in vellum with marble- 
 paper sides. When the book was reprinted at the Kelmscott 
 Press, the frontispiece was reproduced as a wood-cut with a 
 border of the author's designing. Though the size of a crown 
 8vo., the Kelmscott edition is, literally, a quarto, with a deckel 
 edge all round every sheet of 8 pages (4 leaves). The first 
 sheet consists of 2 blank leaves, the half-title, and^the frontis- 
 piece : pages 1 to 111 are occupied by John Ball, — 113 to 123 
 by A King's Lesson. The half-title and colophon are 
 
 (106) 
 
 A DEEAM OP JOHN BALL AND 
 A KING'S LESSON. BY WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS. 
 
 [Over the colophon is the smaller book-mark] 
 
 This book, a Dream of John Ball and a King's/ Lesson, 
 was written by William Morris, and/ printed by him at 
 the Kelmscott Press, Upper/ Mall, Hammersmith, in the 
 County of Middle-/sex ; and finished on the 13th day of 
 May, 1892./ Sold by Eeeves & Turner, 196, Strand, 
 London, 
 
140 Signs of Change. 
 
 The first page of each story is surrounded by an ornamental 
 border of the author's designing. The type is the golden-type. 
 The style of get-up as usual, with red shoulder-notes in lieu of 
 head-lines, ornamental capitals of two sizes by Morris, a limp 
 vellum binding with complete sheets for end-papers, silk ties, 
 and the title "JOHN/ BALL" lettered in gold across the 
 back. 
 
 In 1888 Morris was aiding in the establishment of the Arts 
 and Crafts Exhibition Society ; and the catalogue of their first 
 exhibition contains an essay by him on Textiles. His great 
 work of this year, however, is The House of the Wolfings, 
 which was not only written but completely printed by the end 
 of the year (though dated 1889), — 1000 copies on ordinary 
 paper, square crown 8vo. (imperial 16mo.), by the 15th of 
 December, and 100 on large paper (hand-made, crown quarto) 
 by the 31st of the same month. When the book had just 
 passed through the press all but the title-page and other pre- 
 liminary leaves, it chanced that I had business at the Chiswick 
 Press ; and there I fell in with Morris, come in person to have 
 his way about his title-page and settle final points. He called 
 my attention to the peculiarities of the old fount of type which 
 had been used for the book, answered a few questions about the 
 scheme of this new departure in literature, and seemed to be 
 as hearty and full of creative go and enthusiasm as ever. Pre- 
 sently down came the proof of the title-page. It did not read 
 quite as now : the difference, I think, was in the fourth and 
 fifth lines where the words stood " written in prose and verse 
 by William Morris.'' Now unhappily the words and the type 
 did not so accord as to come up to Morris's standard of decora- 
 tiveness. The line wanted tightening up : there was a three- 
 cornered consultation between the Author, the Manager, and 
 myself. The word in was to be inserted — " written in prose 
 and in verse " — to gain the necessary fulness of line. I mildly 
 protested that the former reading was the better sense and 
 that it should not be sacrificed to avoid a slight excess of white 
 that no one would notice. "Ha!" said Morris, " now what 
 would you say if I told you that the verses on the title-page 
 were written just to fill up the great white lower half ? Well 
 that was what happened 1" And here is the title-page about 
 which so much high energy was liberated : — 
 
A Tale of the House of the Woljings. 141 
 (107) 
 
 A TALE OF THE HOUSE OF THE 
 
 WOLFING S AND ALL THE KIND- 
 
 EEDS OF THE MAEK WEITTEN 
 
 IN PEOSE AND IN VEESE 
 
 BY WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 WHILES IN THE EARLY WINTER EVE 
 WE PASS AJIIU THE GATHERING NIGHT 
 SOME HOtlESTEAD THAT WE HAD TO LEAVE 
 YEARS PAST ; AND SEE ITS CANDLES DHIGHT 
 SHINE IN THE ROOM BESlllE THE DOOR 
 WHERE WE WERE MERRY YEARS AGONE 
 BUT NOW MUST NEVER ENTER MORE, 
 AS STILL THE DARK ROAD DRIVES US OX. 
 e'en so THE WORLD 01'' MEN MAY TURN 
 AT EVEN OF SOME HURRIED DAY 
 AND SEE THE ANCIENT GLIMMER BURN 
 ACROSS THE WASTE THAT HATH NO WAY ; 
 THEN WITH THAT FAINT LIGHT IN ITS EYES 
 A WHILE I BID IT LINGER NEAR 
 AND NURSE IN WAVERING MEMORIES 
 THE BITTER-SWEET OP DAYS THAT WERE. 
 
 LONDON 1889 : REEVES AND TURNER 196 STRAND. 
 
 The volume consists of four preliminary leaves and 200 pages 
 of the story itself. The first leaf is blank but for the signa- 
 ture, A, the second is the half-title (" THE HOUSE OF THE 
 WOLFINGS."), the third the title with imprint on verso, 
 
 " CHISWICK PEESS : — CHAELBS WHITTINGHAM AND CO./ TOOKS 
 
 couET, CHANCEBY DANE.", the fourth the table of contents, one 
 page. The arrangement of the page is the ordinary modern 
 one, — Arabic numbering in the outer top corners, head-lines on 
 all versos " THE HOUSE OF THE WOLFINGS," and on 
 rectos subject head-lines. The ordinary copies were put 
 up in unblocked dark red cloth and the large-paper in cherry- 
 coloured buckram. Both have printed back-labels, the ordinary 
 reading " The House/ of the/ Wolfings/ William/ Morris/ 
 Price 6s." ; and the large-paper copies contain a certificate : 
 " One hundred copies of this Large Paper Edition have been 
 printed, of which Eighty-nine were for sale." This is on a 
 slip, pasted on to the first end-paper. The quaint fount of type 
 used for this book was cut by one Howard some half- century 
 ago, and is but little known. The page was set with an eye to 
 
142 Signs of Change. 
 
 the ordinary copies ; and the large-paper copies, which are 
 very handsome, have far more margin than the master-printer 
 of the Kelmscott Press would have tolerated a year or two 
 later. Indeed the next book showed repentance in the matter 
 of margin. 
 
 The Boots of the Mountains, the pendant in many regards of 
 The House of the Wolfings, conceived in the same spirit, set 
 in the same type, with its title-page modelled on the same 
 lines, was made and devised, so far as typography is concerned, 
 with an eye to the very choice large-paper copies. The paper, 
 thin and tough, was manufactured especially for this work, of 
 pot-size ; and the special edition is a pot quarto. The ordinary 
 copies are square crown 8vo. (imperial 16mo.). But before 
 the title is set out it must be recorded that it appeared first 
 as page 1 of a small hand-bill of two leaves, the first 
 
 (108) leaf announcing this work, and the second advertizing 
 others. This hand-bill is the first issue of the poem 
 on the following title-page :^ 
 
 (109) 
 
 THE ROOTS OP THE MOUNTAINS 
 WHEREIN IS TOLD SOMEWHAT OF 
 THE LIVES OE THE MEN OF BURG/ 
 DALE THEIR FRIENDS THEIR 
 NEIGHBOURS THEIR FOEMEN AND 
 THEIR FELLOWS IN ARMS 
 BY WILLIAM MORRIS 
 
 WHILES CARBIED o'ek THE IRCIX KOAll, 
 
 WE HUERY BY SOME FAIR ABODE ; 
 
 THE GARDEN BRIGHT A5IJ1JST THE HAY, 
 
 THE YELLOW WAIN UPON THE WAY, 
 
 THE DINING MEN, THE WIND THAT SWEEPS 
 
 LIGHT LOCKS EROM OKI' THE SUN-SWEET HEAPS — 
 
 THE GABLE GREY, THE HOARY KOOE, 
 
 HERE NOW— AND NOW SO FAR ALOOF. 
 
 HOW SORELY THEN WE LONG TO STAY 
 
 AND MIDST ITS SWEETNESS WEAK THE DAi", 
 
 AND 'nEATH ITS CHANGING SHADOWS SIT, 
 
 AND FEEL OURSELVES A PART OF IT. 
 
 SUCH REST, SUCH STAY, I STROVE TO WIN, 
 
 WITH THESE SAME LEAVES THAT LIE HEREIN. 
 
 LONDON MDCCCXC : EEEVES AND TURNER 
 CXCVI STRAND 
 
The Roots of the Mountains. 143 
 
 The preliminary leaves are four, one having the signature A 
 on the recto and a certificate on the verso in the special edition, 
 but an advertizement of Morris's books in the ordinary edition, 
 a half-title ("THE BOOTS OF THE MOUNTAINS "), the 
 title with Whittingham's imprint on the verso, and a list of 
 contents occupying two pages ; and the Story occupies 424 
 pages. Here " dropped heads," head-lines, and numbering in 
 the top corners were abandoned. The equivalents of head- 
 lines are given in side-notes at the top of the outer margins ; 
 and the pages are centrally numbered at the foot in Arabic 
 figures. The certificate reads thus : — " Of this, the superior 
 edition on Whatman paper, only two hundred and fifty copies 
 are printed. Charles Whittingham and Co." Even hereby 
 hangs a tale : for when Morris announced his intention of 
 having 250 copies on Whatman's paper, one of his consultants 
 said, "Why, that's an edition,— not large-paper copies!" — 
 " Well," said Morris, " then hang it ! call it an edition." And 
 an edition it was called. It will be noticed that the title-page 
 is more decoratively arranged than that of The Wolfings ; and 
 that the publication lines are got quite right by substituting a 
 date in Eoman figures for that in Arabic figures. The special 
 edition was done up in two sorts of Morris & Co.'s chintz, one 
 of a large pattern and the other of a small, both lettered in 
 gold on the back " The/ Boots/ of the/ Mountains/ William/ 
 Morris." The ordinary issue was bound in dark red cloth, 
 unblocked ; and the legend was affixed to the back by means 
 of a printed label reading " THE/ BOOTS/ OF THE/ MOUN- 
 TAINS/ WILLIAM MOEBIS/ Price 6s." In the ordinary 
 copies a catalogue of Beeves & Turner's publications (32 pages) 
 is inserted at the end : the catalogue was printed by Messrs. 
 Bowden, Hudson & Co., of Bed Lion Street. 
 
 The charming little poem which fills up the " central waste " 
 of the title-page reflects an incident of real life. Morris was 
 journeying by railway through the country with Mr. Emery 
 Walker the summer before the book came out. They passed 
 by " the iron road " through" meadows where hay-making was 
 toward, and saw the hay-cocks defrauded by the summer 
 breeze. " There !" said Mr. Walker, " A subject for your 
 title-page, Morris !" ' ' Aye," said Morris ; and the subject 
 was jotted down in pencil in one of the books (four of them) 
 which contain the complete first draft of the romance. This 
 
144 
 
 Signs of Change. 
 
 volume treads upon the threshold of the Kelmscott Press in 
 the matter of style, though not touching upon the decorative 
 splendour of that press. It is a connecting link in another 
 way between the Chiswick and Kelmscott Presses. Of this 
 Whatman paper, Morris had to buy " the whole making." 
 There was a lot over. When he set up his own press to print 
 books on his own water-marked paper, he took the remainder 
 of that redundant " making " with him ; and it is on that that 
 the first little post quarto catalogues and prospectuses were 
 printed at Hammersmith. But there are still a few matters 
 to be disposed of before we come by the proper road of 
 bibliographical chronology to the Kelmscott Press; for the 
 main stream of this book is the stream of editiones principcs ; 
 and the Kelmscott Press has only so far come into the tale 
 because of its reprints of editiones iirincipes. 
 
 Before the Socialist League broke up, The Socialist Platform 
 was increased by one number of which the title-page is— 
 
 (110) 
 
 "The Socialist Platform." — No. 7. 
 
 w 
 
 
 11 
 
 mm 
 
 THE SOCIALIST 
 ^Le/lGU£j«© 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 H| 
 
 MONOPOLY ; 
 
 OB, 
 
 HOW LABOUE IS EOBBED. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 Author op 'The Earthly Paradise.' 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 OFFICE OF " THE COMMONWEAL " 
 
 24 Gbbat Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, W.C. 
 
 1890. 
 
Monopoly. 145 
 
 This is a crown 8vo. sheet trimmed at the bottom and fore- 
 edge and fastened with a single metal fastener. On the verso 
 of the title is a hideous cartoon. The text ends on page 15, 
 at the foot of which is the imprint " socialist league 
 
 PEINTEBS, 24 GEEAT QUEEN STEEET, W.C." Page 16 is full of 
 
 Socialist advertizements. There is a reissue of the 
 
 (111) whole series, including the Manifesto and the Chants, 
 with an enlarged "Contents" to take in Monopoly, 
 
 and a title varying from No. 103 as to date and address. 
 Also it has a sort of mottled terracotta-coloured wrapper 
 instead of a green one. The imprint both on title and on 
 wrapper is " LONDON :/ Office of ' THE COMMON- 
 WEAL,'/ 24, Gebat Queen Steeet, Lincoln's Inn Fields, 
 W.C./ 1890./ Price One Shilling." Monopoly was 
 
 (112) reprinted in 1893 by the Hammersmith Socialist 
 Society, with Mr. Crane's Labour and Justice design 
 
 on the title-page. 
 
 In the Arts and Crafts Catalogue of 1889 there was an 
 essay by Morris on Dyeing as an Art : in that for 1890 there 
 was no essay by him ; but there were two by his daughter 
 May, connected with his on Dyeing. Here, as in the Socialist 
 movement, she was cooperating with her father ; and much 
 beautiful work of hers has been exhibited by the Society. It 
 was in this year 1890 that the " Branch " — the Hammersmith 
 Branch of the Socialist League — parted with its " Flower " in 
 the sense recorded at page 136 of this volume ; it was in this 
 year that the Branch itself ceased to be a Branch and became 
 the Hammersmith Socialist Society on the disruption of the 
 League. As the year drew to a close the differences between the 
 members of the League became so irreconcileable that Morris 
 practically withdrew from participation in The Commomveal ; 
 but he allowed his News from Nowhere, which was appearing in 
 the columns of the paper, to be finished there. The conclusion 
 appeared in the number for the 4th of October. Morris did 
 not intend to wait long before revising it and issuing it in a 
 popular form to show Mr. Bellamy's many admirers how that 
 kind of work should be done. But before the artist's revision 
 of the work was complete, Messrs. Roberts Brothers of Boston 
 in Massachusetts reprinted it unrevised from The Commonweal, 
 and so produced an editio princeps which has not the advantage 
 of the author's finishing touches. Its title-page is as follows : — ■ 
 
 10 
 
146 Signs of Change. 
 
 (113) 
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE ; 
 
 OE, 
 
 Jlu (fipoch of ^eet. 
 
 BEING SOME CHAPTERS FROM A UTOPIAN 
 BOMANCE. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 AITHOR OF "the EARTHLY PARADISE," '* THE LIFE AND DFATH OF JASON," 
 
 "THE DEFESXE OF GURNEVERE AND OTHFR POEMS," "LOVE IS 
 
 ENOIiOH," "the sinRV OF SIOURD THE VOLSUNG," "THE 
 
 HOT'SE OF THE WOLFINIJS," " HOPES AND FEARS FOR 
 
 ART," "THE AENEIDS OF VIROIL DONE 
 
 INTO ENGLISH VERSE." 
 
 [device] 
 BOSTON : 
 
 EOBEETS BEOTHEES. 
 
 1890. 
 
 This crown 8vo. volume has a half-title reading " NEWS 
 FEOM NOWHEEE ;/ oe,/ AN EPOCH OF BEST." On 
 the verso Mr. Crane's cartoon, "Labour's May-Day," is 
 printed as a frontispiece, reduced to the size here indicated. 
 On the verso of the title are the words " Atithor's Edition " 
 
 and the imprint "Jlitibtrsitj) JJrcss:/ John Wilson and Son, Cambridge." 
 
 The " Contents " occupy pages v and vi and the text pages 7 to 
 278. The head-lines are, verso, ' news feom nowheee," and 
 recto, " OE, AN EPOCH OF BEST." After p. 278 are two pages 
 of advertizements of Morris's works and an eight-page reprint 
 of an article from The Athenaum on The House of the Wolfings. 
 This first edition of News from Nowhere was issued in cloth 
 with the edges trimmed round. By Morris's permission I 
 obtained two unbound copies for binding with the edges un- 
 trimmed. I am unable to say what the binding of 1890 was 
 
 like. At present the Boston edition, dated 1894, is 
 (114) in dark red cloth lettered in grey on the front cover, 
 
 in the centre of which is a terrestrial hemisphere 
 stamped in gold with the legend " Solidarity of labour " across 
 it. I do not understand the words "Author's Edition"; nor 
 
LABOUR'S MAY DAY. 
 
 Cartoon by Walter Crane, as reduced for the Frontispiece ob' the 
 (American) Editio Phinceps ov "News from Nowhere." 
 
 10—2 
 
News from Nowhere. 149 
 
 did Morris, who first showed me the book and told me with an 
 amused air that he had not been consulted about it. Morris's 
 own first edition did not come out till the spring of 1891, when 
 it appeared in three forms. Being meant for popular reading, 
 the main issue was but a thick trimmed pamphlet in a paper 
 wrapper ; but those who liked to have it in dark bottle-green 
 cloth uncut, could by paying a few pence extra. Then there 
 was a large-paper issue printed on a pretty French hand-made 
 paper, tall crown 8vo., in blue paper boards with Japanese 
 paper backs and printed labels reading " NEWS/ from/ NO- 
 WHBEE/ by/ William Morris/ Large Paper." Of this three- 
 fold issue the title is — 
 
 (115) 
 
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE 
 
 OR 
 
 AN EPOCH OF BEST, 
 
 BEING SOirE CHAPTERS FROM 
 
 A UTOPIAN ROMANCE 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 AUTHOR OF THE EARTHLY PARADISE, 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 REEVES & TUENEE. 
 
 1891. 
 
 There are 238 pages, numbered in the outer corners but with- 
 out head-lines. The title is a single leaf with a blank verso. 
 In the hand-made copies is a certificate printed on the 4th page 
 of a quarter-sheet (2 leaves) and reading " This Large Paper 
 Edition of ' News from Nowhere '/ is limited to Two Hundred 
 and Fifty copies." There is no printer's name ; but I believe 
 the book was printed at a small transpontine press by a Mr. 
 Bowden. Copies of the ordinary book measure 7^ inches by a 
 shade over 4|. By special favour of Mr. Eeeves I have one 
 uncut with the wrapper : it measures 7y^ x 5. The wrapper 
 reads "News from Nowhere/ by/ WILLIAM MOEEIS,/ 
 
150 Signs of Change. 
 
 AUTHOR OP ' THE EAETHLY PARADISE,' ETC./ LONDON :/ 
 
 EEEVBS & TUENER, 196, STRAND./ mdcccxci./ One 
 Shilling." It is on the same mottled terra-cotta-coloured paper 
 as the cover of the completed issue of The Socialist Platform. 
 In the following year the book was raised to the dignity of an 
 8vo. Kelmscott impression, in the golden type, with all the 
 luxury of limp vellum binding with silk ties and half-sheet 
 end-papers, and bold lettering of gold, "NEWS/ FROM/ 
 NOWHERE/ BY/ WILLIAM/ MORRIS." The undated 
 title or halt-title, whichever the expert may be pleased to call 
 it, is as follows : — 
 
 (116) 
 
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE: OR, 
 AN EPOCH OF REST, BEING SOME 
 CHAPTERS FROM A UTOPIAN RO- 
 MANCE, BY WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
 The colophon reads thus : — 
 
 This book, News from Nowhere or an Epoch/ of Rest, 
 was written by William Morris, and/ printed by him 
 at the Kelmscott Press, Upper/ Mall, Hammersmith, 
 in the County of Middle-/sex, and finished on the 22nd 
 day of November,/ 1892. Sold by Reeves & Turner, 196, 
 Strand,/ London. 
 
 [the lesser book-mark.] 
 
 Of 4 preliminary leaves (sig. A) one is blank, the second is the 
 title with blank verso, the third " A list of the Chapters of this 
 Book " (on both sides), and the fourth a delightful frontispiece 
 with blank recto. The frontispiece, cut on wood in broad 
 line from a drawing by Mr. Gere, represents Kelmscott Manor. 
 There is a border by Morris, and an inscription, in golden type 
 capitals, reading " This is the picture of the old house by the 
 Thames to which the people of this story went. Hereafter 
 follows the book itself which is called News from Nowhere or 
 an Epoch of Rest & is written by William Morris." And on 
 the opposite page the book begins within a grape-vine border. 
 There are 305 pages of it, with shoulder-notes in red in lieu of 
 headlines, and with ornamental capitals galore. Page 305 is 
 the first of a half-sheet : the colophon is on page 306 ; and the 
 other three leaves are blanks additional to the end-papers. 
 
The Legend of " The Briar Rose." 151 
 
 The bottom and fore-edge are trimmed. It is worth men- 
 tioning that, in 1895, News from Nmohere was printed 
 (117) in Italian at Milan under the title La Term Promessa. 
 It was translated by Ernestina d'Errico, and has an 
 amusing introduction and notes. 
 
 The standing of an editio princeps must presumably be 
 assigned to the tiny pamphlet with the following title :— 
 
 (118) 
 THE LEGEND 
 
 OP 
 
 "^be Briar IRose." 
 
 A SERIES or PICTURES 
 
 PAINTED BY 
 
 E. BUENE JONES, a.b.a. 
 
 exhibited at 
 
 Thos. Agnbw & Sons' Galleries, 
 
 39, Old Bond Street, W. 
 
 1890. 
 
 These six demy 16mo. leaves sewn together through the middle 
 were sold or given to people who went to see the mar- 
 vellous Briar Eose pictures. There is a half-title, " THE 
 LEGEND/ of/ « XTbe JSdar IROSe.' " The verso is blank : 
 so is that of the title-page. Pages 5 to 9 contain the legend 
 in prose. Pages 10 and 11 are occupied by Morris's four 
 quatrains. Pag6 12 advertizes photogravures of the pictures. 
 Before the exhibition closed an extended pamphlet 
 (119) of 24 pages, foolscap 8vo., was on sale at the gallery 
 for sixpence in a grey wrapper. The prose text is 
 different from that of the other ; and Morris's quatrains are 
 placed as headings to the descriptions of the pictures by 
 E. J. Milliken. From these pamphlets in which Morris's 
 name is connected with one of his oldest and most distin- 
 guished friends, we pass, curiously enough, to one which 
 reflects a breaking-up. The Sociahst League gives place to 
 the Hammersmith Socialist Society ; and there is a new mani- 
 festo, again of Morris's writing : — 
 
152 Signs of Change. 
 
 (120) 
 
 Statnnent of ]9rinctple$ of 
 
 tlje i^ammcrftmitl) 5>ociaU0t 
 
 Societg 
 
 Published by the Society at Kelmscott HouiP, Upper Mall, 
 Hammersmith, W, 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 This is a crown 8vo. pamphlet of eight pages, stitched 
 through the fold and without a wrapper. On the verso of 
 the title are the rules of the society. Page 3 starts with an 
 ordinary dropped head repeating the title in roman type. 
 Pages 4 to 8 are numbered centrally in Arabic figures. The 
 last paragraph is followed by the date " December, 1890." 
 At the foot, below a thin rule, is the imprint "Co-operative 
 Printing Society Limited, 6, Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, 
 and/ 35, Russell Street, Covent Garden, London. (15,183.)" 
 At about the same time Morris was contributing to The New 
 Bevieiv an article on the Socialist Ideal in Art. It appeared in 
 the number for January 1891, and was reprinted as an un- 
 trimmed crown 8vo. pamphlet of 12 pages all told, fastened 
 with a single wire fastener. The title-page is as follows : — 
 
 (121) 
 
 THE SOCIALIST IDEAL 
 OF ART. 
 
 WILLIAM MOERIS, 
 
 A UTHOR OF " THE EARTHLY PARADISE," 
 
 •■ A DREAM (IF JOHN BALL," -NEWS FROM 
 
 NOWHERE," dr. ,bc. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 REPRINTED FROM "THE NEW REVIEW," 
 JANUARY, 1891. 
 
 The verso is blank. There are no head-lines or imprint. The 
 pages are numbered centrally in Arabic figures. 
 
THE KELMSCOTT PRESS 
 
 AND THE EDITIONES PEINCIPES 
 ISSUED FROM IT. 
 
Reduced copy ok Design bv Moeris fok the (jdarto edition of "The 
 Glittkhing Plain " illustrated by Walter Crane. 
 
THE KELMSCOTT PRESS 
 
 The New Peess and the Editiones Peincipes issued 
 
 FROM IT. 
 
 Although this is not the 
 occasion on which to write 
 the history of the Kelm- 
 scott Press, the point in our 
 bibliographical chronology 
 has now been reached, at 
 which Morris threw off the 
 oppression of the modern 
 printers and issued his books 
 from a plain house repre- 
 sented in the accompanying 
 picture, — No. 14, Upper 
 Mall, Hammersmith, where 
 his founts of type, his blocks, 
 his hand-presses and the 
 rest, still abide for awhile. 
 The first book issued from 
 the Kelmscott Press was 
 his own wonderful romance, 
 The Glittering Plain, which 
 had appeared in The English Illustrated Magazine. Though 
 the shape is that of an octavo, the book may be described as a 
 quarto ; for it is not only printed in fours, but each four leaves 
 go to make up a complete little sheet with deckel edges all 
 round. It starts with the signature a on an otherwise blank 
 leaf. Signature a2 is at the foot of the title-page, which reads 
 thus : — • 
 
156 The Kehvicott Press. 
 
 (122) 
 
 THE STOEY OF THE GLITTEEING 
 PLAIN. WHICH HAS BEEN ALSO 
 CALLED THE LAND OF LIVING 
 MEN OE THE ACEE OF THE UN- 
 DYING. WEITTEN BY WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS. 
 
 On the verso is " A Table of the Chapters of this Book." The 
 first page of the text is surrounded by a beautiful border 
 designed by Morris, filling almost entirely what is margin in 
 the ordinary pages. This is a part of the system of the Kelm- 
 scott books — marginal decoration. There are 187 pages of the 
 story ; and at the top of page 188 is the colophon — 
 
 HEEE endeth the Glittering Plain, printed by/ William 
 Morris at the Kelmscott Press, Up-/per Mall Hammer- 
 smith, in the County of/ Middlesex : and finished on the 
 4th day of/ April of the year 1891./ Sold by Eeeves & 
 Turner 196 Strand London. 
 
 The ornamental initials for the chapters are an inch and three 
 quarters square, — those for sections of chapters a little over an 
 inch square. Paragraphs, minor divisions, parts of the dialogue 
 &c. are marked by an old-fashioned paragraph-sign, which is a 
 little obtrusive in its blackness, and of which the use was 
 abandoned. The book is printed in the golden type, without 
 either head-lines or side-notes, and the pages are numbered at 
 the foot with Arabic figures. The binding is of vellum with 
 stiff boards and chamois leather ties. The end papers are com- 
 plete sheets of a paper similar to but not identical with that 
 used for the book. The back is lettered in gold capitals " THE/ 
 STOEY/ OF/ THE/ GLIT-/ TEE-/ ING/ PLAIN/ BY/ 
 WILL-/ lAM/ MOEEIS/ 1891." Two hundred copies were 
 printed ; but only one hundred and eighty were offered for sale, 
 at two guineas each. There were six vellum copies. The issue 
 was subscribed for at once; and the book is difficult to get. Of 
 course an edition for the general public was immediately forth- 
 coming. Its title is as follows : — 
 
Tin' Story of the Glittering Plain. 157 
 
 (123) 
 
 THE STOEY OF THE GLITTER-/ ING PLAIN WHICH 
 HAS BEEN/ ALSO CALLED THE LAND OF/ LIVING 
 MEN OE THE ACEE OF/ THE UNDYING WEITTEN/ 
 BY WILLIAM MOEEIS/ LONDON : EEEVES AND 
 TUENER/ MDCCCXCI 
 
 A page of advertizements, half-title, title, list of contents and 
 172 pages of text are bound up in an Imperial 16mo. volume in 
 dark green cloth lettered in gold on the front cover and at the 
 back. The title-page which Morris designed for this book when 
 it was reprinted in quarto with Mr. Crane's illustrations is 
 placed at the beginning of this section as being one of the finest 
 of his Kelmscott designs. The half-title and colophon of that 
 beautiful volume, printed in black and red in the Troy type, 
 are as follows : — 
 
 (124) 
 
 THE STOEY OF THE GLITTERING PLAIN BY 
 WILLIAM MORRIS 
 
 Here ends the tale of the Glittering Plain, written by 
 William Morris & ornamented with 23 pictures by 
 Walter Crane. Printed at the Kelmscott Press, Upper 
 Mall, Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex, & 
 finished on the 13th day of January 1894 
 
 This book, bound in limp vellum with silk ties, has the usual 
 allowance of end-papers and preliminary leaves. The orna- 
 mental title is a verso — in fact a frontispiece. The text occupies 
 pages 1 to 177 ; and at the end is the larger Kelmscott mark. 
 The impression was 250 copies on paper and 7 on 
 
 (125) vellum. The story in a plain form is now to be had 
 of Messrs. Longmans with a fresh title substituting 
 their address for that of Messrs. Eeeves and Turner. 
 
 Concerning Poems by the Way, the next editio princeps from 
 the Press, there is a better tale to tell than that of the Verses 
 written to fill up the title-page of The House of the Wolfings. 
 Before the summer of 1891 it had been determined to issue 
 from the Kelmscott Press a new volume of Poems by Morris. 
 On the 16th of June he wrote to his publishers that he should 
 print 250 copies, in black and red, and that, if it came out 
 
158 The Kehnscott Press. 
 
 smaller than The Glittering Plain, it must be sold at a lower 
 price : on the other hand, if it came out larger, the price should 
 still not exceed two guineas ; so it was to be announced forth- 
 with as a two guinea book of the s&vae format &s The Glittering 
 Plain. When the book had been set up in type as far as page 
 166, the measure seemed to the author to be short. He said 
 to Mr. Emery Walker that he thought he would write some- 
 thing to plump the volume out a bit : it was morning when 
 this took place ; and in the evening of the same day he pro- 
 duced a new Manuscript poem and read it to Mr. Walker. 
 This was no other than the delightful poem Goldilocks and 
 Goldilocks forming the last thirty pages of Poems by the Way, 
 — a poem full of the spirit of his later prose romances and 
 especially recalling to the mind The Boots of the Mountains 
 and The Well at the World's End, but written in four-foot ana- 
 paestic couplets of such a fresh and spring-like impulse that it 
 is a matter worthy of all regret that he did not oftener find 
 himself driven to verse these latter years. This second of his 
 Kelmscott books is a small quarto of crown 8vo. appearance, 
 untrimmed, bound in vellum with silk ties, and lettered across 
 the back " POEMS/ BY/ THE/ WAY/ BY/ WILL-/ I AM/ 
 MOEEIS/ 1891." The first leaf bears at the top the words 
 
 (126) 
 
 POEMS BY THE WAY. WRITTEN 
 BY WILLIAM MOREIS. 
 
 The second leaf contains " A Table of the Contents of this 
 Book," as follows : — 
 
 PAGE 
 
 From the Upland to the Sea . . . .1 
 
 The Wooing of Hallbiorn -i 
 
 Echoes of Love's House 13 
 
 The Burghers' Battle . . . .14 
 
 Hope dieth : Love liveth . .... 16 
 
 Error and Loss ... . .... 18 
 
 The Hall and the Wood . 19 
 
 The Day of Days .... 26 
 
 To the Muse of the North 27 
 
 The Three Seekers . . . . 28 
 
 Love's Gleaning-tide ... . . 32 
 
 The Message of the March Wind . . ... .33 
 
 A Death Song . .... .... 38 
 
 Iceland First Seen ... . . ... 40 
 
 The Raven and the King's Daughter .... .43 
 
tiM 
 
 70 
 
 . 7S 
 
 81 
 
 91 
 
 <i7 
 
 107 
 
 109 
 
 111 
 
 Keeper 1 1 S 
 
 lis 
 
 \1[ 
 
 122 
 
 . 123 
 
 Poems by the Way. 159 
 
 PAIJE 
 
 Spring s Bedfellow . -18 
 
 Metting in Winter . . . 49 
 
 The Two Sides of the River . . .52 
 
 Love fulfilled ... Sli 
 
 The King of Denmark's Sons . , ... 58 
 
 On the Edge of the Wilderness . . . Of) 
 
 A Garden by the Sea . 
 
 Mother and Son . 
 
 Thunder in the Garden 
 
 The God of the Poor . 
 
 Love's Reward 
 
 The Folk-mote by the River 
 
 The Voice of Toil 
 
 Gunnar's Howe . 
 
 The Day is Coming 
 
 Earth the Healer, Earth the 
 
 All for the Cause 
 
 Pain and Time strive not 
 
 Drawing near the Light 
 
 Verses for Pictures 
 
 For the Briar Rose . . 124 
 
 Another for the Briar Rose . 12.'i 
 
 Tapestry Trees . . 128 
 
 The Flowering Orchard . 129 
 
 The End of May . 1 30 
 
 The Half of Life gone 131 
 
 Mine and Thine . . 137 
 
 The Lay of Christine . 1 38 
 
 Hildebrand and Hellelil . 141 
 
 The Son's Sorrow . . 1J4 
 
 Agnes and the Hill-man . 14G 
 
 Knight Aagen and Maiden Else 1 4 8 
 
 Hafbur and Signy . . . 152 
 
 Goldilocks and Goldilocks . . lUti 
 
 The text fills pages 1 to 196, starting with an ornamental 
 border, and continuing with a wealth of decorative initials 
 great and small, and rubricated as to shoulder notes and refrains. 
 The colophon, on page 197, is 
 
 HBEE endeth Poems by the Way, written/ by William 
 Morris, and printed by him at the/ Kelmscott Press, 
 Upper Mall, Hammersmith,/ in the County of Middlesex; 
 and finished on/ the 24th day of September of the year 
 1891./ Sold by Beeves & Turner, 196, Strand, London. 
 
 The lesser book-mark follows ; the verso is blank ; and 
 there is a blank leaf beside the usual full-sheet (4 leaves) end- 
 papers. 
 
 It was not to be supposed that the short issue of the 
 Kelmscott Press would sufiSce to meet the needs of the 
 
160 The Kelmscott PresM. 
 
 reading public ; and the aditio princeps was accordingly 
 followed at once by an edition printed at the Chiswick Press 
 with the following title : — 
 
 (127) 
 
 POEMS BY THE WAY/ WEITTEN BY WILLIAM/ 
 MOEEIS/ LONDON : REEVES AND TUENEE/ 
 MDCCCXCI 
 
 This is an Imperial 16mo. consisting of 196 pages of poetry 
 and four preliminary leaves. The first has a blank recto but 
 for the signature A, and on the verso are advertizements of 
 Morris's books ; the second is a half-title, Poems by the Way ; 
 the third is the title with a blank verso ; and the fourth is a 
 two-page list of contents printed in italics. Page 1 opens 
 with the quaint " Here begin " &c. as the Kelmscott edition 
 does; and the system of The Boots of the Mountains is adopted, 
 — no dropped heads or head-lines, titles at the tops of the 
 outer margins, and Arabic numerals at the foot of the page. 
 The book is bound in unblocked dark-green cloth, and gilt- 
 lettered at the back. Large paper copies on hand-made paper, 
 post quarto, were printed and numbered in Manuscript. The 
 certificate is on the verso of signature Al, instead of the 
 advertizements, and reads " Only One Hundred copies printed. 
 
 This is Xo " These copies are choicely printed and most 
 
 agreeable to read. They are bound in cream -white buckram, 
 unblocked, gilt-lettered at the back "POEMS/ BY/ THE 
 WAY/ WILLIAM/ MOEEIS/ REEVES/ &/ TUENEE." 
 The front cover is gilt-lettered " POEMS BY THE WAY/ 
 WRITTEN BY WILLIAM/ MORRIS." Poems by 
 
 (128) the Way and Love is Enough (not very suitable 
 companions) now form one volume in that nice set 
 of books which Messrs. Longmans sell in ten volumes labelled 
 as The Poetical Works of William Morris. 
 
 Next to his own collection of shorter poems Morris printed 
 The Love Lyrics, Songs, and Sonnets of " Proteus '' (Wilfrid 
 Scawen Blunt), finished in black and red (the ornamented 
 capitals in red) on the 26th of January 1892 ; but here he 
 appears simply as printer and decorator ; and the collector 
 of his literary works has nothing to do with this volume. 
 Meanwhile he had begun a big undertaking in another way. 
 
The S'Uja Library. 161 
 
 (129) 
 THE SAGA LIBEAEY. 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 THE STOEY OF HOWARD THE HALT. 
 THE STORY OF THE BANDED MEN. 
 THE STORY OF HEN THORIE. 
 
 DONE INTO ENGLISH 
 OUT OF THE ICELANDIC. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 AND 
 
 EIEIKE MAGNUSSON. 
 
 LONDON : 
 BEENAED QUAEITCH, 15 PICCADILLY. 
 
 1891. 
 
 This, like other volumes of the Saga Library, is a crown 8vo. 
 printed upon a thinnish creamy laid paper with false deckel 
 edges. It has a half-title " THE SAGA LIBEAEY," a title, 
 pages V to xLvii of preface, a second half-title for Hoivard the 
 Halt, a leaf with four lines of corrigenda, a map, and 227 
 pages of text, notes, etc. The Chiswick Press imprint appears 
 both on the verso of the title and at the foot of page 227. The 
 head-lines are in upper and lower case italics, " The Saga 
 Library " on versos and the name of the particular tale or 
 section on rectos. The book is half bound in an ornamented 
 Eoxburgh style, dark green leather backs and sage-green cloth 
 sides. The lettering is, at the back, "THE/ SAGA/ LIBEAEY/ 
 VOL. I./ HOWAED/ THE/ HALT/ WILLIAM/ MOEEIS," 
 and on the side, " HOWAED THE HALT/ THE BANDED 
 MEN/ HEN THOEIE." The ornaments are sprays of fohage 
 designed by Morris. The books were delivered in grey paper 
 wrappers on which the back and side designs are printed in 
 black. There are large-paper copies, hand-made demy 8vo., 
 bound in the same style. 
 
 11 
 
162 The Kdmscott Press. 
 
 There are also some pamphlets belonging to the year 1891 : — 
 
 (130) 
 
 CITY OF BIRMINGHAM 
 
 MUSEUM AND AET GALLBEY. 
 
 [Arms.] 
 
 ADDRESS 
 
 ON THE 
 
 Collection of Paintings, 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ENGLISH PRE-RAPHAELITE SCHOOL, 
 
 DELIVEHED BY 
 
 ME. WILLIAM MOEEIS, 
 
 IN THE MUSEUM AND ART GALLERY, 
 
 ON FRIDAY, OCTOBER -J.vd, 1891. 
 
 BIRMINGHAM : 
 
 E. C. OSBOKNE AND Sox, 84, New Steeet. 
 Price One Penny. 
 
 This is a single sheet demy 8vo. trimmed and 'wire-stitched, 
 without head-lines but with pages 4 to 16 numbered centrally 
 in Arabic iigures. 
 
 (131) 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 innber an ]EIm*^ree; 
 
 Or, Thoughts in the 
 C unt r y - S i d e. B y 
 ^^m. Morris, Author 
 of " The Earthly Paradise" 
 
 ^btxbttn : 
 
 Printed and published by JAMES LEATHAM, 
 15 St. Nicholas Street. 
 
 1S91. 
 
A Kings Lesson— Nature of Gothic. 163 
 
 This is a sixteen-page pamphlet, demy 16mo., stitched through 
 the middle, uncut. It was sold without a wrapper ; but 
 special copies are occasionally found with a pale green printed 
 wrapper added, bearing the words " TUllber aU lB\X\UtXZZ 'J 
 
 Or, Thoughts in thej Gountry-Sidc. Byj Win. Morris." 
 
 (132) 
 
 Heprinled in Ms form by the kind permission of Messrs. Reeves 
 it- Turner, r uUishers of Mr. Morris' Works. 
 
 A KING'S LESSON 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 Author of '^ The Earthly Paradise," etc. 
 
 Printed and published by JAMES LEATHAM 
 
 15 St. Nicholas Street 
 
 1891. 
 
 This too is a sixteen-page 16mo. pamphlet, but trimmed and 
 in a grey printed wrapper. 
 In February 1892 came out 
 
 (133) 
 
 THE NATUEE OP GOTHIC A CHAP-/ 
 TEE OE THE STONES OF VENICE./ 
 BY JOHN EUSKIN. 
 
 Here the collector of Morris's works is concerned. It is one 
 of the " small quartos " of the early days of the press, printed 
 in the golden type, in black only, and bound in vellum with 
 silk ties and the usual eight-page end-papers. The book 
 starts with a blank leaf ; on the verso of the half-title given 
 above begins a five-page preface by Morris, signed and dated 
 on the verso of the 4th leaf, and followed by the lesser book- 
 mark. Page 1 has a decorative border and large initial. 
 There are 128 pages of text, with a few illustrations of Buskin's 
 as well as Morris's initial letters. The colophon is 
 
 11—2 
 
164 The Kelmscott Press. 
 
 HEEE ends the Nature of Gothic, by John Bus-/ kin, 
 printed by WilUam Morris at the Kelmscott/ Press, Ham- 
 mersmith, and pubHshed by George/ Allen, 8, Bell Yard, 
 Temple Bar, London, and/ Sunnyside, Orpington. 
 
 The lesser book-mark ends the volume. The Kelmscott prints 
 of T]ie Defence of Guenevere and John Ball, which followed, 
 have already been described. Next came Caxton's Golden 
 Legend, edited by Mr. P. S. Ellis and published by Mr. 
 Quaritch — three thick quarto volumes ; but here again Morris 
 as author is not concerned unless it be in the colophon. The 
 Becuyell of the Historyes of Troye and the Biblia Innocentium 
 followed without Morris's participation save as printer, — then, 
 still in 1892, the Kelmscott News from Noiohere, already de- 
 scribed, and Caxton's History of Beynard the Foxe, with one of 
 Morris's finest designed titles. Meanwhile the second volume 
 of the Saga Library came out — 
 
 (134) 
 
 THE STORY OF THE 
 ERE-DWELLERS 
 
 (eyebyggja saga) 
 
 the stoby of the heath-slayings 
 (heiSaeviga saga) 
 
 AS APPENDIX 
 
 DONE INTO ENGLISH 
 OUT OF THE ICELANDIC 
 
 BT 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 AKD 
 
 EIEIKE MAGNUSSON 
 
 LONDON 
 
 BEENAED QUAEITCH, 15 PICCADILLY 
 
 1892 
 
The Order nf Chivalry. Ifio 
 
 In this volume the half-title is extended—" THE SAGA 
 LIBEARY/ EDITED BY/ WILLIAM MORRIS/ and/ EIRIKR 
 MAGNtJSSON/ Vol. IL/ EYRBYGGJA SAGA." The book 
 has lii + 4:10 pages, with a map, a corrigenda-leaf, and an 
 imprint-leaf at the end. 
 
 The Kelmscott Press began the year 1893 with an 8vo. 
 
 edition of Shakespeare's Poems in the golden type, edited by 
 
 Mr. Ellis, who also co-operated with his old friend in the next 
 
 book to be described, — The Order of Chivalry and 
 
 (135) The Ordination of Knighthood. This Bvo. volume, 
 bound in limp vellum with silk ties and lettered in 
 gold up the back " THE ORDER OF CHIVALRY," also 
 starts with a page bearing those words only. On the verso of 
 the leaf begins the quaint " Table of this present booke In- 
 tytled The Book of the Ordre of Chyualry or Knyghthode." 
 This table ends on the recto of the frontispiece by Sir Edward 
 Burne-Jones, which, having in a flowered compartment be- 
 neath it and within the same border by Morris the words 
 " The/ Order of/ Chivalry," may serve as title-page. The 
 Caxton text of 1484 follows in the Chaucer type, on pages 1 to 
 101. On page 102 is the colophon (followed by the lesser 
 book-mark) — 
 
 The Order of Chivalry, translated from/ the French by 
 "William Caxton, edited by/ F. S. Ellis, and printed by me 
 William Morris/ at the Kelmscott Press, Upper Mall, 
 Ham-/ mersmith, in the County of Middlesex &/ finished 
 on the 10th day of November, 1892/ Sold by Reeves & 
 Turner, 196, Strand,/ London. 
 
 Pages 103, 104 and 106 are blank, 106 having the half-title 
 "L'ORDENE DB CHEVALERIE, WITH/ TRANSLATION 
 BY WILLIAM MORRIS." The French poem occupies 
 pages 107 to 125 ; 126 is blank ; on 127 is the half-title " THE 
 ORDINATION OF KNIGHTHOOD "; and Morris's version 
 in short couplets occupies pages 128 to 147. On 148 to 151 
 are Mr. Ellis's memoranda : the following colophon and the 
 lesser book-mark complete 151 : 152 is blank : 
 
 THIS Ordination of Knighthood was/ printed by WiUiam 
 Morris at the Kelms-/ cott Press, Upper Mall, Hammer- 
 smith,/ in the County of Middlesex; finished on/ the 
 24th day of February, 1893. 
 
166 The Kelmscott Press. 
 
 In March and April followed Cavendish's Life of Wolsey, 
 edited by Mr. EUis from the Manuscript in the British 
 Museum, and Caxton's Godeffroye of Boloyna edited by Mr. 
 Sparling. In May Morris was concerned in the writing of 
 another manifesto, — that of the Joint Committee of Socialist 
 Bodies, — an 8vo. pamphlet of 8 pages, numbered centrally, and 
 with no title-page save what is outside a blood-red wrapper, 
 namely 
 
 (136) 
 
 MANIFESTO 
 
 OF 
 
 ENGLISH 
 SOCIALISTS 
 
 PRICE ONE PENNY. 
 
 May 1, 1893. 
 Printed by the Twentieth Century Press Limited, 44, Gray's Inn Road, Holborn, W.C. 
 
 This he wrote conjointly with Mr. H. M. Hyndman and Mr. 
 George Bernard Shaw. ^Meantime the publication of pamph- 
 lets by the Hammersmith Socialist Society was going on ; and 
 we must here set down the details of an undated one re- 
 printed from The Commomvcal, a trimmed crown Bvo. of 
 12 pages with no title save that on the Turner-grey wrapper, 
 which is — 
 
 (137) 
 
 THE EEWAED OF LABOUE : A 
 DIALOGUE BY WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS, AUTHOE OF "THE 
 EAETHLY PAEADISE." 
 
 BEING No. 1 OF THE HAMMERSMITH 
 SOCIALIST LIBRARY. 
 
 ONE PENNY 
 At the foot of page 12 is the imprint (below a thin rule) 
 
 "HAYMAN, CHRISTY & LILLY, LTD., PRINTERS, 20 & 2'2 ST. BRIDE ST., E.G." Qu the 
 
 4th page of the wrapper is an advertizement. In the catalogue 
 
Westminster Abbey — Mores Utopia. 107 
 
 of the sixth summer exhibition at the New Gallery (page 16) 
 are four couplets for Sir Edward Burne-Jones's two pictures 
 of the Eomance of the Rose ; and in the same summer the 
 " Anti-Scrape" had a substantive contribution from Morris, a 
 crown 8vo. pamphlet of a single sheet, which was distributed 
 by the Society without any wrapper, and without the author's 
 name, but which also occurs in a smooth grey wrapper. The 
 title-page is — 
 
 (138) 
 
 SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION 
 OF ANCIENT BUILDINGS. 
 
 CONCERNING 
 WESTMINSTER ABBEY. 
 
 LONDON 
 9, Buckingham Street, Adblphi, W.C. 
 
 The verso of the title is blank. The text is on pages 3 to 14 
 without head-lines, numbered centrally in Arabic figures. At 
 the foot of page 14, below a thin rule, is the imprint, "Women's 
 
 Printing Society, Ltd., 66, Whitoomb Street, W.O." Pages 15 and 16 are 
 
 blank. On the wrapper, beside the first five lines of the title- 
 page, arranged in colophon form, are the words " LONDON : 
 JUNE, 1893/ [250 Copies foe the Authoe/ WILLIAM 
 MORRIS."] Two months later his edition of More's Utopia 
 was through the Kelmscott Press, — an Bvo. printed in the 
 Chaucer type in black and red, bound in limp vellum with 
 silk ties, lettered in gold across the back "MORE'S/ UTOPIA," 
 and enriched by a preface from the master-printer's pen. 
 
 Beside having the usual four-leaf end-papers, it starts with 
 a blank leaf and the following short title with a blank verso : — 
 
 (139) 
 
 UTOPIA WRITTEN BY SIR 
 THOMAS MORE. 
 
 The " Foreword by William Morris " fills pages iii to viii ; 
 and a reprint of Raphe Robynson's title follows with a blank 
 
168 The Kelmscott Pre.%^. 
 
 verso ; his preface occupies pages xi to xiv, and the book occu- 
 pies pages 1 to 282. The colophon, with a blank verso, is — 
 
 Now revised by F. S. Ellis & printed again/ by William 
 Morris at the Kelmscott Press,/ Hammersmith, in the 
 County of Middle-/ sex. Finished the 4th day of August, 
 
 [the lesser bookmark] 
 
 Sold by Eeeves & Turner, 196, Strand. 
 
 A week later Morris had paid Tennyson the tribute of print- 
 ing at the Press Maud, a Monodrama ; and he had almost 
 completed the quarto Sidonia the Sorceress, the prospectus of 
 which, issued from the Press, ranks as a work by him, though 
 it is but two quarto leaves, without title, — first a 
 
 (140) page about the book, signed William Morris, followed 
 by a specimen page, an order form, and, on page 4, 
 the larger Kelmscott book-mark. The book itself, translated 
 from Meinhold by the late Lady Wilde (" Speranza ") does not 
 fall to be here described. In this year he contributed a Preface 
 to " Comrade " Steele's Medieval Lore, of which the title runs 
 thus : — 
 
 (141) 
 
 MEDIEVAL LOEE :/ an epitome of/ THE SCIENCE, 
 GEOGRAPHY, ANIMAL AND/ PLANT FOLK-LOBE 
 AND MYTH OF/ THE MIDDLE AGE :/ being/ classi- 
 fied GLEANINGS FEOM THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF/ BARTHOLO- 
 MEW ANGLICUS/ ON THE PEOPERTIES OF THINGS./ EDITED 
 
 by/ EOBEET STEELE./ with a preface byj WILLIAM 
 
 MORRIS,/ AUTHOR OF *THE EARTHLY PARADISE.'/ LONDON)/ 
 
 ELLIOT STOCK, 62, PATEENOSTEE EOW, E.C./ 
 1893. 
 
 This ia a handsome Bvo. of x -i- 156 pages, bound in bright 
 buff buckram lettered in brown. 
 
 This year 1893 also saw the resurrection of Socialism from 
 the Root Up with a new title. This remarkable work of true 
 collaboration, in which both Morris and Mr. Bax went over 
 every sentence, was now dug out of The Commonweal, revised, 
 and printed as 
 
Socialism again. 169 
 
 (142) 
 
 SOCIALISM 
 
 ITS GEOWTH & OUTCOME 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 AUTHOR OF 'the EARTHLY PARADISE,' *NEWS FROM NOWHERE,' ETC. 
 AND 
 
 E. BELFOET BAX 
 
 ABTHOB OP 'history OF PHILOSOPHY,' 'THE RELIGION OF 
 SOCIALIaM,' ETC. 
 
 LONDON 
 SWAN SONNENSCHEIN & Co. 
 
 NEW YORK : CHARLES SOBIBNER's SONS 
 1893 
 
 This is a, crown 8vo. of viii + 335 pages nicely printed, with 
 paging in the outer corners, head-lines, " SOCIALISM " on 
 versos, and according to the sectional subject on rectos, and the 
 imprint at the foot of page 335 " Printed by E. & E. Clark, 
 Edinburgh." The large-paper copies are " called an edition," 
 and rightly ; they are 275 in number, demy 8vo. on 
 
 (143) hand-made paper, bound in red buckram, and labelled 
 " SOCIALISM/ ITS GEOWTH/ AND OUTCOME/ 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS/ E. BELFOET BAX." 
 
 A two-page 8vo. leaflet belongs to this time, — a letter 
 to the Editor of The .Daily Chronicle dated the 9th of November 
 and printed on the 10th. The leaflet is headed 
 
 (144) 
 
 HELP FOR THE MINERS. 
 
 Daily Chronicle, Nov. 10th, 1893. 
 THE DEEPER MEANING OF THE STRUGGLE. 
 
 The imprint at the end of page 2 is " Bainbs & Searsrook, 
 Printers, 75, Fairfax Egad, South Hampstbad." 
 
170 The Kelmscott Press. 
 
 The third volume of the Saga Library was issued in 1893 : — 
 
 (145) 
 
 THE STORIES OF THE 
 
 KINGS OF NORWAY 
 
 CALLED THE ROUND 
 
 W ( ) R L D 
 
 (HEIMSKaiNaLA) 
 BY SNOEEI STUELUSON 
 
 DONE INTO ENGLISH 
 OUT OF THE ICELANDIC. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 AND 
 
 EIEIKE MAGNUSSON. 
 VOL. I [II, III, IV] 
 
 WITH A LARGE MAP OF XORWAY 
 
 LONDON 
 BBENAED gUAEITCH, 15 PICCADILLY 
 
 1893 
 
 Of this book, which is to be in four volumes, Vol. I. consists of 
 viii + 410 pages, Vol. II. of viii + 484 pages, and Vol. III. (1895) 
 of viii + 505 pages. Vol. IV. is not yet out. The words " with 
 a large map of Norway '' only appear on the title of Vol. I. 
 
 In this busy year the fourth Autumn exhibition of the Arts 
 and Crafts Society was held (the third had been in 1890). In 
 the catalogue is a delightful little poem by Morris for some 
 bed-hangings at Kelmscott Manor. He also lectured for the 
 Society on the printing of books, and allowed a hand-press of 
 his to be set up in the centre hall, where people were shown 
 Kelmscott printing practically. There and then the lecture 
 on Gothic Architecture which he had delivered for the Society 
 in 1889 was printed as a 16mo. volume in the golden type in 
 black and red and sold for half a crown. The title is — 
 
Gothic Architecture — Arts tmd Crafts. 171 
 
 (146) 
 
 GOTHIC ARCHITECTUEE : 
 A LECTURE FOE THE ARTS 
 AND CRAFTS EXHIBITION 
 SOCIETY [leaf] BY WILLIAM 
 MORRIS. 
 
 This is on a single leaf with blank verso ; and there are 
 68 pages of text, with the colophon — • 
 
 This paper, first spoken as a lee-/ ture at the New 
 Gallery, for the/ Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society,/ in 
 the year 1889, was printed by the/ Kelmscott Press 
 during the Arts/ and Crafts Exhibition at the New/ 
 Gallery, Regent Street, London,/ 1893/ Sold by William 
 Morris, Kelms-/ cott Press, Upper Mall, Hammer-/ smith. 
 
 The book was done up in blue-grey and in Turner-grey boards, 
 
 with linen backs, and the title printed on the front cover. 
 
 There were three editions, each of 500 copies, in the second of 
 
 which some errors were corrected. In the first 
 
 (147-8) Van Eyck's name is spelt Van Eyk at the top of 
 
 page 45. There were 45 copies printed on vellum. 
 
 The lectures on Textiles, on Dyeing, and on Printing, with 
 
 Essays by other members of the Society, were now gathered 
 
 into a volume with the following title : — 
 
 (149) 
 
 Arts And Crafts Essays 
 
 BY 
 
 Members of the Arts and Crafts 
 Exhibition Society 
 
 With A Preface 
 
 By William Morris 
 
 |£onl)Ott 
 
 RIVINGTON, PERCIVAL, & CO. 
 
 1893 
 
172 The Kelmscott Press. 
 
 This book is a crown 8vo. of xviii + 420 pages, printed by 
 Clark, with a 32-page catalogue inserted, bound in dark red 
 buckram and labelled " AETS & CEAFTS/ ESSAYS/ preface 
 BY I William Morris." 
 
 In October a volume containing Eossetti's Ballads and 
 Narrative Poems was finished at the Kelmscott Press, where 
 Morris closed his year's out-put with his own translation of 
 King Florus. This, though uniform in size and binding with 
 the Gothic Architecture, is more decorative. It is in the 
 Chaucer type, in black and red, and has a designed title-page 
 and first-page border. The half-title, which gives the true 
 name of the book, is — 
 
 (150) 
 
 THE TALE OF KING FLOEUS 
 AND THE FAIE JEHANE. 
 
 This has a blank verso ; and on the verso of the next leaf is 
 the engraved title which faces this page. There are 96 pages of 
 text, and a leaf with the recto colophon- 
 Printed by William Morris/ at the Kelmscott Press, 
 Upper/ Mall, Hammersmith, in the/ County of Middle- 
 sex, & fin-/ ished on the 16th day of De-/ camber, 1893./ 
 Sold by William Morris at the/ Kelmscott Press. 
 
 The true title is reproduced on the front cover. Before the 
 next volume of this series was out — for it is a series of three — 
 the illustrated Glittering Plain already described, Eossetti's 
 Sonnets and Lyrical Poems, and Keats's Poems, had passed 
 through the Press. Then came 
 
 (151) 
 
 OF THE FEIENDSHIP 
 OF AMIS AND AMILE. 
 
 Uniform with King Florus, it has the same borders to the 
 frontispiece or title-page (worded precisely as the above half- 
 title is) and the first page. Besides these two leaves, there 
 are 65 pages of the tale, and two leaves on the first of which 
 (recto) the colophon is printed (all but the last two lines in 
 red) — 
 
Vkkso Title-page ok Fkontispiecb designed by Morris. 
 
Amis and Amile. 175 
 
 Here ends the Story of Amis/ & Amile, done out of the 
 an-/ cient French into English, by/ William Morris, and 
 printed/ by the said "William Morris/ at the Kelmscott 
 Press, 14,/ Upper Mall, Hammersmith,/ in the County of 
 Middlesex ;/ finished on the 13th day of/ March, of the 
 year 1894./ Sold by WilUam Morris, at/ the Kelmscott 
 Press. 
 
 The Story of Amis and Amile has been reprinted separately 
 in the United States and included in Mr. Mosher's quaint 
 little series known as " the Brocade Series." The title-page, of 
 which the first and last lines are in red, is 
 
 (152) 
 The stoey of amis & amile/ done out op the ancient/ 
 
 FEENCH INTO ENGLISH BY/ WILLIAM MOBEIS/ [bOOK-MAEk] 
 POETLAND MAINE/ THOMAS B MOSHEE/ MDCCCXCVI. 
 
 There is a half-title, " The stoey of/ amis & amile," with 
 note on the verso as to the two previous issues, two pages of 
 " Foreword," half-title repeated, pages 9 to 47 of text, and on 
 page 48 the colophon in even small capitals {very small) " Four 
 hundred and twen-/ ty-five copies of this/ book have been 
 printed/ on Japan vellum, and/ type distributed, in the/ 
 month of August, a.d./ mdcccxcvi, at the press/ of George D. 
 Loring,/ Portland, Maine." " Japanese vellum " is the usual 
 trade mis- description of fine smooth Japanese paper. There 
 is a wrapper of the same, with the title printed in capitals 
 imitated from those of Morris's golden type, and a brown 
 ornamental capital T badly imitated from one of his. The tiny 
 volume has a slip case of card-board covered with a paper 
 imitation of brocade : its two companions in this misery of 
 transatlantic fussiness. The Child in the House and A Pageant 
 of Summer, are similarly treated ; and the three volumes are 
 enclosed in a box covered with the same paper. 
 
 Before Morris completed his series of three little volumes 
 from the French, he had finished ^gxinivag Atalanta in Calydon 
 and his own Wood beyond the World ; but it is best to finish 
 first describing the set of French tales of which the next and 
 last is — 
 
176 
 
 The Kelmscotf Press. 
 
 (153) 
 
 THE TALE OF THE 
 EMPEEOE COUSTANS 
 AND OF OVER SEA. 
 
 Before the above half-title there are two blank leaves, and 
 after it the ornamental title or frontispiece (verso) with the 
 legend "THE TALE/ OF KING/ COUS-/ TANS EM/ 
 PEEOR OF/ BYZANCE." There are 38 pages of the tale, 
 and a colophon in red with a black capital 
 
 HERE withal endeth the/ Story of King Coustans/ the 
 Emperor./ The said story was done/ out of the ancient 
 French into/ English by William Morris. 
 
 Page 39 is a half-title, "THE HISTORY OF OVEE/ SEA," on 
 the verso of which is an ornamental title, " A TALE/ OF/ 
 OVEE/ SEA": that tale extends from page 41 to page 130, 
 where the colophon, red all but the capital and the last two 
 lines, reads as follows : — 
 
 HERE ends the Story of/ Over Sea, done out of/ ancient 
 French into Eng-/lish by William Morris./ This book, 
 the Stories of the/ Emperor Coustans, and of/ Over Sea, 
 was printed by Wil/ Ham Morris at the Kelmscott/ Press, 
 Upper Mall, Hammer-/smith, in the County of Mid-/ 
 lesex, & finished on the 30th/ day of August, 1894./ Sold 
 by William Morris at the/ Kelmscott Press. 
 
 The contents of these three 
 little books were republished 
 in a single crown 8vo. volume 
 by Mr. Allen, having on the 
 verso of the half-title (" OLD 
 FRENCH/ EOMANCES ") 
 Mr. Crane's design — ihe St. 
 George and Dragon executed 
 for Mr. Allen with his mono- 
 gram. Of this book, printed 
 at the Ballantyne Press in 
 London, the title-page is — 
 
The Wood bei/oiul the World. 177 
 
 (154) 
 
 OLD PEENCH/ EOMANCBS/ DONE INTO ENGLISH/ 
 BY/ WILLIAM MOEEIS/ WITH AN INTRODUCTION 
 BY/ JOSEPH JACOBS/ London/ GBOEGE ALLEN, 
 EUSKIN HOUSE/ 1896/ All rights reserved 
 
 For the rest the book consists of xxxii + 169 pages, bound in 
 plain red cloth and gilt-lettered at the back " OLD/ FEENCH/ 
 EOMANCBS/ W. MOEEIS/ GBOEGE ALLEN." 
 
 It was from his own press again that his next romance was 
 first issued — 
 
 (155) 
 
 THE WOOD BEYOND THE WOELD. 
 BY WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 These two lines, at the top of the recto of the third leaf in a 
 sheet, are all the title the book has. The next leaf is a 
 delightful frontispiece by Sir Edward Burne- Jones, with a 
 blank recto, and completes signature a. Signature b starts 
 with the opening of Chapter I. within a border like that of the 
 frontispiece, and with an ornamental A two inches square. 
 There are 260 pages printed in the Chaucer type, and subjected 
 in red at the top of the outer margins. The chapters are also 
 headed in red. There is an abundance of ornamental capitals 
 both small and medium-sized, and also of beautiful marginal 
 ornaments. The colophon gives the information usual in a 
 title-page : — 
 
 HEEB ends the tale of the Wood beyond/ the World, 
 made by William Morris, and/ printed by him at the 
 Kelmscott Press,/ Upper Mall, Hammersmith. Finished 
 the/ 30th day of May, 1894. 
 
 [smaller book-mark] 
 Sold by William Morris, at the Kelmscott/ Press. 
 
 This is on the recto of the third leaf in signature s, paged 261 ; 
 the verso is blank ; and a blank leaf completes the sheet. The 
 binding is of vellum with silk ties ; and the end-papers consist 
 of complete sheets — four leaves instead of two as usual — one 
 being the paste-down at each end. The paper is trimmed, 
 
 12 
 
178 
 
 The Kelviscott Press. 
 
 both at the foot aad at the fore-edge. The binding is lettered 
 in gold on a flat back, "THE WOOD/ BEYOND/ THE 
 WOELD/ BY/ WILLIAM/ MOEEIS." The issue consisted 
 of 350 copies on paper and eight on vellum. Although the 
 printing was finished in May, the book was not actually issued 
 to the subscribers till the 16th of October 1894. 
 
 Soon after the Kelmscofct edition, another issue of The Wood 
 beyond the World was published in the ordinary way, with the 
 following title-page : — 
 
 (156) 
 
 THE WOOD BEYOND THE/ WOELD. BY WILLIAM/ 
 MOEEIS./ [book-mark]/ LONDON : LAWEBNCE 
 AND BULLBN,/ 16, HENEIETTA STEEET, COVENT/ 
 GAEDEN. MDCCCXCV. 
 
 The foDiiat of the volume is that 
 described as square crown 8vo. 
 The paper appears to be an im- 
 perial cut in halves and worked as 
 an 8vo. ; but every sheet really 
 yields 16 leaves, as may be seen 
 from the alternation of the sham 
 deckel edges and cut edges at foot. 
 A preliminary half-sheet (Bvo.) con- 
 sists of a blank leaf with the sig- 
 nature .\ on the recto, a half-title 
 (" THE WOOD BEYOND THE 
 WOELI).") with blank verso, the title with imprint at the 
 foot of the verso, reading " chiswick pkess : — charles 
 
 WHITTINGHAM AND CO./ T00K8 COUKT, CHANCERY LANE, 
 
 LONDON." and two pages of "Contents'' numbered v and 
 vi. The text consists of tiHiO boldly printed pages without 
 head-lines or shoulder-notes, centrally numbered in Arabic 
 figures at foot, and followed by a leaf bearing on the centre of 
 the recto a repetition of the imprint, but under a Chiswick 
 Press lion, dolphin, and anchor. The chapters are com- 
 menced on fresh pages, vyith dropped heads, the number of 
 each chapter and the subject being given in bold Eoman 
 capitals. Thus the book is in a manner a compromise between 
 the Kelmscott style and the conventional style current at the 
 
 ® 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 ^fc 
 
 
 sk'pa 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 m 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 THE LAWllKNt'1-; AND lU'I-LEN Bl'iiK- 
 MARK DEIr;ii;NED BY WAL'I'Hl CRANE. 
 
Letters on Soeialisni. 179 
 
 present day. The binding is of plain dark red buckram with 
 white end-papers, gilt-lettered at the back " THE WOOD/ 
 BEYOND/ THE WOELD/ WILLIAM/ MOEEIS/ LAW- 
 EENCE/ & BULLBN." Fifty copies were printed on What- 
 man's hand-made paper of practically the same size, and pro- 
 duced in the same way by cutting the sheet in two and working 
 it as an 8vo. The hand-made sheets when folded knock up so 
 as to leave the foot a little less even than the machine-made 
 sheets do, and so require slightly larger covers. These are of 
 lichen-coloured " art linen," unblocked, with white end-papers, 
 and back-labels printed in a similar colour, and reading thus : — 
 " The Wood/ beyond/ the World/ WiUiam Morris." The first 
 leaf has the following certificate on the verso : — " Fifty copies 
 printed on Whatman's Paper, j No. " ; and each copy is 
 numbered in manuscript. The words " The Wood beyond the 
 World," "Lawrence and Bullen," and "mdccoxcv"' are printed 
 in red in the Whatman copies. Two spare back-labels printed 
 on one slip, side by side, follow the last leaf ; and a third is on 
 the otherwise plain drab paper wrapper in which each of these 
 choice volumes was delivered. 
 
 Socialism and " Sagaism " are both represented in this 
 year 1894, — " Sagaism " by Vol. II. of the Heimskringla 
 (already described), and Socialism by a choice little private 
 print : — 
 
 (157) 
 
 lettp:r8 
 on socialism, 
 
 BY 
 
 London : Privately Printed. 
 1894. 
 
 As denoted by the book-mark on page 31, this book belongs 
 to the Ashley Library of Mr. Thomas J. Wise. It has a half- 
 title " LETTEES ON SOCIALISM," the title, a certificate 
 
 12—2 
 
180 
 
 The Kelmscott Press. 
 
 that only 34 copies were printed, a note with blank verso, a 
 half-title, " LETTERS," and pages 3 to 30 of text. It is bound 
 in Japanese paper boards gilt-lettered up the back "LETTEE3 
 ON SOCIALISM — WILLIAM moebis — 1894." A four-page 
 letter is given in facsimile as frontispiece. Of the 34 copies 
 4 were printed on fine writing vellum. Very different in style 
 is the next piece. Morris had contributed to a paper called 
 Liberty, in February 1894, an article — Why I am a Com- 
 munist. This was reprinted in a demy Svo. pamphlet of 16 
 pages without wrapper, but with a title-page in which Mr. 
 Crane's League design was adapted without his knowledge : — 
 
 (158) 
 SECOND SEBIES 
 
 w 
 
 ^p^g 
 
 m 
 
 S 
 
 ' LIBERTY -^ 
 
 ^ PR£SS^ 
 
 m 
 
 d^aH^^ 
 
 
 The Why I Ams. 
 
 WHY I AM A COMMUNIST, 
 
 By WILLIAM MORRIS. 
 
 WHY I AM AN EXPROPRIATIONIST, 
 
 By L. S, BEVINGTON. 
 
 LONDON ■ 
 
 PRINTED AND PUBLISHEl) BY JAMES TOCHATTI, 
 
 "LiBEETV " PeESS. 
 
 1894. 
 
 PEIUE ONE PENNY. 
 
 In September 1894 Morris wrote a Preface for a pretty book 
 of wood-cuts with the following title, drawn in ornamental 
 letters : — 
 
Good King WencesInH—Th<' Talc of Bcoviilf. 181 
 
 (159) 
 GOOD KING/ WENCESLA8/ A caeol weitten 
 
 BY DE. NEALE AND/ PICTUEED BY AETHUE 
 J. GASKIN WITH/ AN INTEODUCTION BY 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS./ BIEMINGHAM. MESSES. 
 COENISH BES./ NEW STEEET MDCCGXCV. 
 
 It is a quarto, consisting of 12 leaves, — the first blank on 
 both sides, and the rest blank on one side. Besides a half-title, 
 title, dedication, note, and preface, there are six full-page 
 wood-cuts. The book is bound in blue paper boards with a 
 wood-cut on the front cover, and has end-papers of four leaves 
 each including paste-downs. 
 
 Morris's next work is one of translation The Tale of Beowulf; 
 but before it was issued he had put forth from his press Mr. 
 Wardrop's translation of The Book of Wisdom and Lies, 
 Psalmi Penitentiales , Epistola de Gontemptu Mundi, and the 
 first volume of Shelley's Poems. The Beowulf is a quarto with 
 a very fine designed title, bound in limp vellum with three silk 
 ties, gilt-lettered " BEOWULF " up the back. It starts with a 
 blank leaf. The third page bears the single hne " THE TALE 
 OF BEOWULF." Pages iv to vi are the argument ; the 
 recto title comes on page viii ; and the lettering within the 
 sumptuous border reads, in white upon a black flowered 
 ground, 
 
 (160) 
 
 tlie tale of 
 
 Beowulf 
 
 sometime 
 
 king of the 
 
 folk of tlie 
 
 Weder 
 
 Geats 
 
 The text begins at page 1 within a counterpart border and 
 extends to page 110, is very nobly ornamented in numerous 
 
182 The Kdmscott Pre^s. 
 
 margins, and has shoulder-notes etc. in red. The colophon on 
 page 111 is 
 
 Here endeth the Story of Beowulf, done out of the Old/ 
 English tongue by William Morris & A. J. Wyatt, and/ 
 printed by the said William Morris at the Kelmscott/ 
 Press, Upper Mall, Hammersmith, in the County of/ 
 Middlesex, and finished on the 10th day of January/ 
 
 [the larger book-mark] 
 
 Sold by William Morris at the Kelmscott Press. 
 
 The colophon is followed by pages- 112 to 119 containing an 
 index and glossary in the Chaucer type. 
 
 Before his next romance he printed Syr Percyvelle of Gales, 
 the second volume of Shelley's Poems, and the quarto Jason 
 already described. 
 
 In the summer of 1895 he issued from his press a delight- 
 ful prose romance which he had originally begun to write in 
 four-foot trochaic couplets, but had desisted before completing 
 the seventeenth line. The proper title of this book is 
 
 (161) 
 
 CHILD CHEISTOPHEE AND 
 GOLDILIND THE FAIE. BY 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. [VOL. II.] 
 
 This book is in two volumes printed in black and red in the 
 Chaucer type, and is uniform in size etc. with the romances 
 from the French. Page 1 in each volume is as above. Vol. I. 
 has a verso ornamental title of which the lettering is "Of 
 Child/ Christo-/ pher and/ fair Gold-/ ilind " — and 256 pages 
 of text with an erratum-slip inserted. Vol. II. has 238 pages 
 of text, and, on page 239, the colophon, printed in red except 
 the last two lines, — 
 
 Here ends the Story of/ Child Christopher it Gold-/ ilind 
 the Fair ; made by Wil-/liam Morris, and printed by/ 
 him at the Kelmscott Press,/ Upper Mall, Hammersmith,/ 
 in the County of Middlesex/ Finished the 25th day of/ 
 July, 1895./ Sold by William Morris at/ the Kelmscott 
 Press. 
 
Go.').'<lp about an old FTousc on the Upper Thames. 183 
 
 These volumes have, on their Hnen backs, printed labels reading 
 " CHILD/ CHEISTO-/ PHBR/ I [II]." The third volume 
 of Shelley issued from the Press in the course of August, 
 Eossetti's Hand and Soul in October, and Mr. Ellis's selection 
 from Herrick in November. It is to be mentioned here that, 
 in November 1894, a remarkable half-crown magazine called 
 The Quest had been started at Birmingham, printed at the 
 press of the Guild of Handicraft. It drew its inspiration 
 from the Kelmscott Press, and is a very sightly small 4to. 
 with bold wood-cuts. Six numbers were pubHshed; and to 
 the fourth (November 1895) Morris contributed an account of 
 Kelmscott Manor. Some separate copies of this were done 
 with the following title — 
 
 (162) 
 
 GOSSIP about an old 
 House on the Upper 
 Thames written b}' 
 WILLIAM MORKIS. 
 
 NOVBMBKK, 1895, 
 
 This choice little book, of the same typography as the magazine, 
 consists of half-title, " GOSSIP ABOUT AN OLD HOUSE," 
 title, verso wood-cut of Kelmscott Manor House as in News 
 from Nowhere, pages 5 to 14 of text including two more 
 Kelmscott wood-cuts (by Mr. New), and, on the recto of the 
 first of two leaves, the colophon — 
 
 PEINTBD AT THE PEESS OF THE BIEMING- 
 HAM GUILD OF HANDICRAFT LIMITED, 
 PUBLISHED IN "THE QUEST" FOE NOVEM- 
 BBE MDCCCXCV, AND FIFTY COPIES DONE IN 
 THIS SEPAEATE FORM. 
 
 The book is done up in mottled grey hand-made paper boards, 
 lettered on the front cover " GOSSIP ABOUT AN OLD 
 HOUSE." The end-papers, following the Kelmscott fashion, 
 are complete sheets of four leaves 
 
184 77/1? Kehiftcott Pre!<f<. 
 
 Mr. Ellis's selection from Coleridge's poems was finished 
 at the Kelmscott Press on the 5th of February 1896 ; and the 
 second of March saw the completion of The Well at the World's 
 Enil. Of this largest of Morris's prose works two separate 
 prints must be described under the head of cditiones ijrincipes. 
 There is no doubt that the intention all along was to issue 
 The Well at the World's End first from the Kelmscott Press, 
 as announced very soon after the Press was established. 
 Nevertheless the book was actually set up at the Chiswick 
 Press from the author's finished manuscript ; and from the 
 Whittingham sheets the Kelmscott printers set the types for 
 the intended first edition. At head quarters changes took 
 place in the scheme of decoration. At first there was to be 
 a long series of illustrations by Mr. Arthur J. Gaskin. 
 This scheme, however, was abandoned ; and that of four 
 designs by Sir Edward Burne-Jones took its place, and 
 occupied considerable further time in the execution. Mean- 
 while, the Chiswick Press book, tasteful but more or less on 
 the conventional lines adopted in the book trade, was com- 
 pleted in 1894 and was ready to follow hard upon the steps of 
 the great Kelmscott double-column quarto. Both books were 
 originally to have been published by Messrs. Eeeves and 
 Turner ; and things went so far at Took's Court that the title- 
 pages of the two 8vo. volumes were set up ; the edition was 
 actually complete ; and a single copy was gathered from the 
 stock and bound in the grey paper boards with linen backs by 
 which we know the " outer book " as now issued by Messrs. 
 Longman. This copy had no labels. Its title-pages read as 
 follows : — 
 
 (163) 
 
 THE WELL AT THE 
 
 WOELD'S END A TALE 
 
 BY WILLIAM MOEEIS 
 
 VOLUME I [II] 
 
 LONDON : REEVES AND TURNER 
 
 5, WELLINGTON STREET, STRAND 
 
 MDOCCXWV 
 
ru-r^-'W. i^JTt/CeA U/izo f'tccu- tx^ c<TT-^u.y^\ 
 
 had (ytLi H^ a.j^M>^ Lrn^ aown (ff-fi^ Q^d££_ 
 Un/pC hts 'Qn^-n^ kji, Uj-t^ cu fy>ni,t< ^"^ <5.- — ^ 
 
 'ia/ra^ clfi.puy^ CtuJ p«^ o- O-Tie^^a^i ill CLtoom 
 
 njCl^ OfVyO Ivwi^ UnA^ (^o-f^hj &^^</? A-^Ovi 
 
 (rU4^ Jca_ 9u.ok a/? ItL Sdt/cm/ in^iJfr Qiao 
 
 Reduced Fac-simile : from Holograph Manuscript of " The Well 
 AT THE World's End." 
 
The Well at the WorhPs Ev<l 
 
 187 
 
 Each of these 8vo. volumes has a halt-title (" THE WELL AT 
 THE WOELD'S END ") and list of Contents (Chapter-head- 
 ings). In Vol. I. the "Contents" occupies three pages (2 leaves), 
 — in Vol. II., two pages (1 leaf). The text of Vol. I. is 378, 
 that of Vol. II., 279. In Vol. I. there is a leaf after the text 
 vrith the imprint (on the recto) " chiswick press : — c. whit- 
 
 TINGHAM AND CO.,/ TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE." In Vol. II. 
 
 the same imprint is on the verso of p. 279 vyith a small lion 
 and anchor book-mark over it. The Bvo. volumes are without 
 head-lines: they are paged at the foot in Arabic figures. The 
 whole issue was printed on French hand-made paper ; but the 
 book described above, so far as its title-pages are concerned, is 
 said to be unique, although there were once 1000 copies of it. 
 
 It was no later than the Idth of December 1893 that the two 
 8vo. volumes were through the press at Tooks Court ; but not 
 until the 2nd of March 1896, as we have seen, was the Kelms- 
 cott quarto wholly printed ; and not until the 4th of .lune did 
 it reach subscribers from Leighton's bindery. This noble 
 quarto made a new departure. It was printed in the Chaucer 
 type, two columns on a page, with four designs by Sir Edward 
 Burne-Jones surrounded by Morris's own borders. These 
 form frontispieces to the four books of the romance; and 
 
 within the border 
 each 
 
 facing each of 
 these frontis- 
 pieces the chap- 
 ter opens with a 
 large ornamental 
 word instead of 
 capital. Of these 
 words, that which 
 begins the story, 
 " Long," is here 
 given. There is 
 great wealth of 
 marginal orna- 
 ments and larger 
 and smaller capi- 
 tals ; and the 
 
 chapter-headings are in red. On the third leaf of the book is 
 
 the simple title — 
 
188 The Kelm.^cott Press. 
 
 (164) 
 
 THE WELL AT THE WOELDS END BY 
 WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 The fourth leaf is the first verso frontispiece ; aud the story 
 extends to page 495, on which the right-hand column ends with 
 the colophon — 
 
 HEEE ends the Well at/ the World's End, writ/ten by 
 William Morris,/ with four pictures designed by/ Sir 
 Edward Burne-Jones/ Printed by William Morris at/ 
 the Kelmscott Press, 14, Up-/per Mall, Hammersmith, in 
 the/ County of Middlesex, and fln-/ished on the 2nd day 
 of March,/ 1896. 
 
 Across the page below both columns is printed in red " Sold 
 by William Morris at the Kelmscott Press." On page 496, at 
 the top, is the larger book-mark. The binding is of limp 
 vellum with three silk ties and is gilt-lettered across the back 
 " THE WELL/ AT THE/ WOELD'S END/ BY/ WILLIAM/ 
 MOEEIS." Another change was now necessary. Not only had 
 Messrs. Eeeves and Turner ceded the publication of this book ; 
 but arrangements had been made with Messrs. Longman to be 
 Morris's publishers. Hence, while The Well at the World's 
 End in its more sumptuous form was sold from the Kelmscott 
 Press, it was necessary to print fresh titles for the edition in 
 two volumes which, according to the program, was to follow. 
 
 This was in due time done ; and the title-pages of 
 (165) the regularly published books have Messrs. Longmans' 
 
 imprint. They are done up like No. 163, and labelled 
 "MOEEIS/ THE/ WELL/ AT THE/ WOELD'S/ END/ 
 VOL. I. [II.]." Morris made one more anonymous contribu- 
 tion to the literature of the " Anti-scrape," namely — 
 
 (166) 
 
 THE SOCIETY FOE THE PEOTECTION 
 OF ANCIENT BUILDINGS. 
 
 ON THE EXTEENAL GOVEEINGS OF 
 EOOFS. 
 
 This is a double leaflet, four pages, with no title-page or date, 
 but headed as above, and with the address " 9 Buckingham 
 
All Initial IVoi'd from the Chancer, 
 
 189 
 
 Street, Strand," printed at the foot of page i. There are no 
 head-lines or numerals. It is well printed on good, smooth, 
 toned paper, and measures Bjlj x 5-/^ inches. 
 
 Three more hooks are to be mentioned as having issued from 
 the Kelmscott Press in the poet's lite-time beside the volumes of 
 The Earthly Paradise already described, namely the renowned 
 folio Chaucer, the quarto LaiuUs Beatce Marue Vhyims, and 
 The Flo are and the LeaJ'c {& small quarto); and an 8vo. edition 
 of Spenser's Shcijlteardcn Calender with twelve beautiful wood- 
 cuts after Mr. Gaskin, has appeared since Morris's death. As 
 an example of the beauty of design lavished by the master- 
 printer on the folio Chaucer, I give below one of the large intitial 
 words, the old Chaucerian "Whan," which is also used to 
 decorate the first page of The Floure and the Leafe. 
 
 Immediately after Morris's death Mr. H. M. Hyndman 
 wrote a sympathetic account of him in Justice. This, together 
 with an article and some paragraphs contributed by Morris to 
 that paper for May Day 1895 and 1896, was reprinted at the 
 
190 The Kelm,scott Press. 
 
 Twentieth Century Press as a sixteen-page pamphlet with a 
 portrait of Morris outside, — above it the words " HOW I 
 BECAME A SOCIALIST" and below it "WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS/ Price One Penny." The ordinary issue has no 
 other title-page ; but there are special copies with a stiff 
 green paper wrapper bearing the following title : 
 
 (167) 
 
 How I Became a Socialist. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MOERIS. 
 
 ]\'ith some account of liis connection luilh the 
 Social- Democratic Federation 
 
 BY H. M. HYNDMAN. 
 
 LUND'JN : OCTOBER, 1896. 
 
 Since the Introduction to this book was in type, Morris's 
 trustees have issued from the Kelmscott Press 
 
 (168) 
 
 THE WATEE OF THE WONDEOUS ISLES 
 BY WILLIAM MOEEIS. 
 
 This is the wording of the half-title on the recto of the fourth 
 leaf of signature a, the first three leaves being blank. The book 
 is a Kelmscott quarto, printed in the Chaucer type in double 
 columns with red shoulder-notes and chapter-headings. There 
 are 314 pages of text, followed by the larger book-mark, which 
 is on the recto of z3 over the words " Sold by the Trustees of 
 the late William Morris at the Kelmscott Press " ; and z4 is 
 blank. The story is divided into seven parts. The first page 
 of each is surrounded by a border (not the first two pages 
 by a pair of borders) ; and six out of the seven parts have 
 initial words of the width of the column as in The Well 
 at the World's End. Part V. has no initial word — only an 
 ornamental letter an inch square. A great number of pages 
 are decorated with the well-known flower and leaf margin 
 ornaments of the Press. At the end of each part is a colo- 
 
. The Water of the Woiuirou.'^ Ides. 191 
 
 phon in the Troy type right across the page. The first reads 
 thus 
 
 Here ends the First Part of the Water of the Won-/drous 
 Isles, which is called Of the House of Captiv-/ity. And now 
 begins the Second Part, which is called/ Of the Wondrous 
 Isles. 
 
 This quaint formula varies a little from book to book ; and the 
 final colophon is 
 
 Here ends The Water of the Wondrous Isles, written/ by 
 William Morris. It was printed at the Kelmscott/ Press, 
 Upper Mall, Hammersmith, in the County of/ Middlesex, 
 & finished on the first day of April, 1897./ The borders 
 and ornaments were designed entirely/ by William Morris, 
 except the initial words Whilom/ & Empty, which were 
 completed from his unfinished/ designs by R. Catterson- 
 Smith. 
 
 It is to be added that the other words, save " So " at page 46, 
 are, with the borders, repetitions from The Well at the World's 
 End. The book is bound in limp vellum with three silk ties, 
 gilt-lettered across the back "THE WATEE/ OF THE/ 
 WONDEOUS/ ISLES./ BY/ WILLIAM/ MOEEIS." Each 
 end-paper is of four leaves counting the paste-down. 
 
 It is with regret that I send this work out uncompleted by 
 the bibliographical details of the last of all Morris's romances, 
 The Siuideiing Flood, which is still unpublished, and that, for the 
 same reason, I am unable to describe either the edition of 
 Sigurd the Volsiing or the impression of Love is Enough, in 
 black, red, and blue, promised by the author's trustees as the 
 last works from the Kelmscott Press. Each one of these 
 greater examples of his printing brings before me vividly not 
 only the master-printer, but the consummate artist, and the 
 true, strong, British man ; and I would gladly linger with him 
 a while longer. Those who knew and loved William Morris 
 — and to know him was to love him — may well be thinking 
 still, though a year has passed since he died, that sixty-two 
 years and a half are but a little span of life for a man of his 
 native vigour and robust habit. They can scarcely yet take 
 their stand on the platform whence the public view the matter 
 
192 The Kelmscott Press. 
 
 — the great public who have gained so much from the life cut 
 short on the 3rd of October 1896 — who knew not the man, but 
 saw everywhere the output of his energy and genius, and who 
 can but say, if the question of hie " allotted span" occurs to 
 them: "Morris? Well, he has published volumes and 
 volumes of fine poetry, numbers of prose romances, translated 
 epics and sagas from the Greek, the Latin, the Icelandic; 
 poured forth polemical tracts and treatises ; carried on a fine- 
 art decoration business which during some thirty years has 
 been steadily revolutionizing British tastes in matters of build- 
 ing, decoration, and upholstery ; led for years that section of 
 the Socialists whose demands are founded upon reason, editing 
 several volumes of their journal ; and lastly set up and carried 
 on a press from which have issued quite a number of books, 
 forming, perhaps, the finest examples of printing ever seen." 
 
 Such a mass of work, to the public mind, must bring visions 
 of a man " well stricken in years." But to those who were 
 privileged to know him it was a standing wonder that Morris, at 
 the age of sixty, and not looking sixty, had done all this work 
 in the world — so various, so thorough, and so full of the most 
 valuable qualities — and yet always found time to receive his 
 friends and acquaintance, and give them the benefit not only of 
 his hearty, cheery companionship, but also of his unerring judg- 
 ment and vast learning in all matters connected with the ways 
 and means of beautifying the world and man's life in the world. 
 Last autumn, if England did but know it, William Morris was 
 the living Englishman she could least afford to lose. His 
 friends have to bear his loss with the rest of his countrymen ; 
 but they have a far deeper loss. The personal qualities which 
 made up the character of this man of genius would have been 
 irresistibly attractive even if he had had no genius at all. 
 Kindliness, sagacity, courage, good comradeship, an inveterate 
 habit of acting upon convictions deliberately formed, and an 
 unswerving sense of honour and true decorum are admirable 
 personal traits to find in one man— apart from genius and 
 erudition : he had them all ; and their combination is not so 
 common that his friends can afford to remember and regret the 
 genius more than the man. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Besides a few matters which are more proper to an appendix 
 than to the body of a book hke the present, there are some 
 which had no existence till recently and some which have but 
 lately come to my knowledge, or which I have not till now 
 been able to verify positively. Among the last is the reprint of 
 Qunnlaug's Saga in the Caxton type of the Chiswick Press, of 
 which I saw some pages in the Arts and Crafts Exhibition of 
 1890 ; but they were merely described (p. 248 of the cata- 
 logue) as a specimen of the fount of type ; and I could not 
 at the time follow up the question whether they represented a 
 book. They did represent a privately printed pot quarto of 
 eight sheets, 75 copies on paper (hand-made), and three on fine 
 vellum. They were intended for decoration by means of illu- 
 minated initials &c. ; and spaces for large capitals were left. 
 
 Mr. Mosher of Portland, Maine, has made a sort of piratical 
 first edition which it seems necessary to catalogue — namely 
 The Hollow Land. I do not refer to the mere transfer of that 
 early story of Morris's from The Oxford and Cambridge 
 Magazine to The Bibelot, a Beprint of Poetry and Prose chose7i 
 in part from Scarce Editions and Sources not gejierally known ; 
 for besides reprinting the tale in his magazine, Mr. Mosher 
 has issued it in the form of an independent book, — a form 
 which it now takes for the first time. The title-page, of which 
 the first and last lines are in red, runs thus : — 
 
 THE HOLLOW LAND 
 A TALE BY WILLIAM 
 MOEEIS 
 
 [book-mark] 
 
 Portland, Maine 
 
 THOMAS B. MOSHER 
 
 'iAdcccxcvij 
 
 13 
 
194 Appendix. 
 
 This 16mo. volume starts with 4 blank-verso'd leaves, namely 
 a half-title, "THE HOLLOW LAND," a certificate, 
 the title, and a sonnet signed " Francis Sherman." Then 
 come a 2-page preface, a second half-title like the first, 
 pages 5 to 78 of text, a blank leaf, a half-title, " NOTE," a 
 2-page note about The Oxford and Ca?nbridge Magazine, and 
 two blank leaves. The head-lines ("the hollow land") are 
 of the hideous lop-sided kind now unhappily becoming fashion- 
 able, set against the back margin. The paging is at the foot 
 in Arabic figures. The book is printed on Japanese paper with 
 a wrapper of the same on the recto of which the three lines of 
 title are repeated, the words " THE HOLLOW LAND " being 
 printed up the back. The certificate reads thus : — " Twenty- 
 five copies of this hoohj printed on Japanese vellum, off which 
 twenty copies only are for sale./ This is No. '' [number filled 
 in in manuscript]. It is a treasurable little book enough ; but 
 Morris objected to the revival of these immature stories ; and 
 he was right. 
 
 Early in 1879 Morris began work seriously upon an attempt 
 " to make England independent of the East for the supply of 
 hand-made Carpets which may claim to be considered works of 
 art.'' A circular headed " The Hammersmith Carpets " and 
 dated " May 24th, 1880," was issued by the firm to its clients ; 
 and that circular I have mentioned at page 98 as having 
 doubtless been written by the poet. Had I been in possession 
 of external evidence to support internal, I should have given 
 this quarto half-sheet (two leaves) of bluish hand-made paper, 
 bearing one page of print, its proper place among the books, 
 pamphlets, sheets, &c. It is an excellent little essay on its 
 subject. The firm reissued it in the same form in October 1882 ; 
 and, in a pamphlet published by Messrs. Eoberts Brothers of 
 Boston, Mass., in 1883, the text is printed with trifling alter- 
 ation, and attributed to Morris. The firm has issued first and 
 last but few circulars about its undertakings ; but two others 
 which preceded the pamphlet show marks of the poet's hand. 
 One is a succinct account of the twelve departments of art- 
 work which they undertake ; and the other relates to their 
 " furniture prints " (hand-printed cotton, linen, and worsted 
 cloths). These circulars are practically embodied in the 
 American pamphlet, which is a hand-book to an exhibit of 
 fine-art furnishing material at the Boston Foreign Fair of 
 
The Boston '' Ea-hihit" Pamphlet. 195 
 
 1883-4. This hand-book, full of learning, information, and 
 good advice, on the subject of house decoration and furnish- 
 ing, is a large Bvo. pamphlet, the precise size of which is in- 
 discoverable, as the top, bottom, and fore-edge are trimmed. 
 It appears to consist of two sheets placed one inside the other : 
 these are stitched through the centre fold into a mottled grey 
 wrapper. The title-page is worded thus ; — 
 
 THE 
 
 MOIUUS EXHIBIT 
 
 AT 
 
 THE FOREIGN FAIR, 
 BOSTON, 1883-84. 
 
 BOSTON : 
 ROBERTS BROTHERS. 
 
 1883. 
 
 On the verso is the imprint " (ffambrtbije :/ printed by john 
 WILSON AND SON,/ UNivBEsiTY PEBSs." Page 3 is blank, being 
 the recto of a frontispiece, " Plan of Morris and Company's 
 Space, "Franklin Hall, Foreign Exhibition, Boston." The text 
 fills pages 5 to 30 ; page 31 bears an advertizement relating to 
 American Agents of the firm ; and page 32 is blank. Page 
 1 of the wrapper bears the inscription " ^hc/ JHoVvis 
 (Exhibit/ ^t/ "^Ihc Jfwrrigit Jair./ Boston, 1883." Page 3 
 is taken up by advertizements of the Boston editions of Morris's 
 books : pages 2 and 4 are blank. The " Hammersmith 
 Carpets " circular occurs at pages 9 and 10 of this pamphlet, 
 introduced by the words " This is what Mr. Morris said about 
 them in the circular announcing the beginning of this new 
 manufacture in England." Not to rest on that alone, I have 
 enquired about the authorship at 449 Oxford Street : there I 
 was fortunate enough to meet Mr. Frank Smith, who has been 
 with the firm some twenty-seven years, and who saw Morris 
 write it. The poet's prose works are not complete without 
 that little dissertation; but, apart from that, the "Exhibit" 
 pamphlet is valuable, and contains much that is indirectly 
 his. It was actually written by Mr. Wardle, who was at 
 Boston in charge of the show. 
 
 13—2 
 
196 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Morris's contributions to The Commonweal are of great im- 
 portance ; but, as those to Justice in its first year (see page 107) 
 precede the others chronologically, it will be better to give the 
 whole list of Justice poems and articles first. They are all 
 signed " William Morris." 
 
 CONTEIBUTIONS TO "JUSTICE." 
 
 ifo. of 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Col- 
 
 'aper. 
 
 
 umns, 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 f 
 
 1) 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 i 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 y} 
 
 4 
 
 If 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 If 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 li 
 
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 5 
 
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 2 
 
 li 
 
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 15 
 
 4 
 
 If 
 
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 2 
 
 u 
 
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 i 
 
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 4 
 
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 H 
 
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 i 
 
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 li 
 
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 5 
 
 i 
 
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 5 
 
 
 30 
 
 4 
 
 l| 
 
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 4 
 
 "^1 
 
 )> 
 
 5 
 
 " 
 
 86 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 39 
 
 4 
 
 H 
 
 ») 
 
 6 
 
 i 
 
 44 
 
 2 
 
 If 
 
 " An Old Fable Eetold." 
 
 " The Principles of Justice." (With H. M. 
 Hyndman & J. Taylor.) 
 
 " Order and Anarchy." 
 
 " The Bondholder's Battue." (With H. M. 
 Hyndman.) 
 
 " The Way Out. An Appeal to Genuine 
 Eadicals." 
 
 " Art or No Art ? Who shall settle it ?" 
 
 " Chants for Socialists. — No. 2. The Voice 
 of Toil." 
 
 "Why Not?" 
 
 " Chants for Socialists. — No. 3. All for 
 the Cause." Whole page. 
 
 " The Dull Level of Life." 
 
 " A Factory as it Might Be." 
 
 " The Propaganda Fund." 
 
 " Individualism at the Eoyal Academy." 
 
 " Work in a Factory as it Might Be. II." 
 
 " Chants for Socialists.— No. 4. No Master." 
 
 " Work in a Factory as it Might Be. III." 
 
 " The Propaganda Fund." 
 
 " To Genuine Eadicals." 
 
 " The Housing of the Poor.'' 
 
 " Propaganda Fund." 
 
 " Propaganda Fund." 
 
 " Socialism in England in 1884." 
 
 " Uncrowned Kings." 
 
 " The Social Democratic Federation to the 
 Trades Unions of Great Britain. Sep- 
 tember, 1884." Whole page. Signed 
 with others. 
 
 " The Hammersmith Costermongers." 
 
 " An Appeal to the Just." 
 
 " Literary Courtesy." 
 
 " The Lord Mayor's Show." 
 
Justice — The Commonweal. 
 
 197 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Col- 
 
 Paper. 
 
 
 umns. 
 
 46 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 49 
 
 2 
 
 U 
 
 433 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 538 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 544 
 
 6 
 
 If 
 
 684 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 ■5 
 
 642 
 
 5 
 
 1| 
 
 " The Hackney Election." 
 
 " Philanthropists." 
 
 "May-Day." [ten stanzas.] 
 
 " May-Day, 1894." [nine stanzas.] 
 
 " How I became a Socialist." 
 
 " Socialism and Art." 
 
 " The Promise of May." 
 
 
 
 -TH£COnnONW£flL 
 
 ^ 
 
 L-«»~i r^«»--i 
 
 The Commonweal, an eight-page news-sheet, might be inac- 
 curately described as a folio ; but, as it is folded at the top and 
 has to be cut open, it is not a folio though of the folio shape. 
 The size of the page averages about 14f by 10 inches. The 
 paper was paged for binding in yearly volumes, and was so 
 bound and issued after the close of each year — at all events so 
 far as regards the six volumes with which we are concerned. 
 For the first volume a title-page and index were printed. The 
 title reads thus : — 
 
 THE 
 
 OOMMOIifWEAL 
 
 (OEGAN OF THE SOCIALIST LEAGUE). 
 
 EDITED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE GENERAL COUNCIL 
 
 VOL. I., 1885. 
 
 SfltlilOtt : 
 SOCIALIST LEAGUE OFFICE, 
 
 13, FARRINGDON ROAD, LONDON, E.C. 
 
 The verso is blank. So is that of the " Index," which is more 
 strictly speaking an alphabetically arranged table of contents 
 
198 Appendix. 
 
 — three columns occupying one page. For the other volumes 
 it was considered that no title-page and index could be 
 afforded; and the only titles to be had were those for Vol. I., 
 of which spare copies existed and could be got adapted, as I 
 got them for my set. The volumes were bound in a sightly 
 manner by Messrs. Burn in scarlet morocco-grained cloth, un- 
 lettered at the back, but boldly lettered on the recto cover in 
 black, "THE/ COMMONWEAL/ -VOL- 1- 1885" [and so 
 on] with eight thin rules within a single thick one right across 
 the top and bottom, in black on the recto and " blind " on the 
 verso cover. 
 
 Volume I. contains eleven monthly numbers, February to 
 December ; and from April to September supplements of four 
 pages were issued with the sheet. There are thus 112 pages ; 
 but the last page is numbered 108, the numerals 85-8 having 
 been repeated on what should be pages 89-92. 
 
 Volume II. contains four monthly numbers and thirty-five 
 weekly, beginning with that of the Ist of May, which has by 
 way of supplement Mr. Crane's full-page cartoon, " Mrs. 
 Grundy frightened at her own Shadow." There are thus 312 
 pages besides the picture, which is sometimes used as a frontis- 
 piece to the volume. 
 
 Volume III. consists of fifty-three weekly numbers, 51 to 
 103, the year 1887 having begun and ended on a Saturday ; 
 and there are thus 424 pages. 
 
 Volumes IV. and V. consist of fifty-two numbers, 416 pages, 
 each. With No. 166 (Vol. V., facing page 84) is Mr. Crane's 
 cartoon " Vive la Commune," printed on the ordinary paper 
 of the publication. It had been separately published a year 
 earlier and was advertized in March and April 1888 in The 
 Commonweal, as a picture for framing, printed on fine paper, 
 price 2d. A reduction from it, 3x2 inches, appears in the 
 advertizing columns of the paper for the 7th and 14th of April 
 — similar to that used in the title-pages of some recent reprints 
 of Morris's socialist pamphlets. 
 
 Volume VI. consists of forty-nine numbers, 392 pages. The 
 paper remained a weekly till the end of November 1890. 
 Morris's farewell contribution was an article headed " Where 
 are we Now?" It appeared in the number for the 15th of 
 November. In it the work of the socialist revival for the 
 seven years during which Morris had been in the midst of it 
 
The Commonweal. 199 
 
 is summed up, the situation at the close of those years 
 is described, the mode of action for the future inculcated, 
 and, in an unpolemical way, the causes of the disruption 
 pretty clearly indicated. In the next two numbers the new 
 management appeal for funds, "copy," premises. Whether 
 Morris gave them the " plant " I cannot say : it seems, at all 
 events, that he was not going to pay the rent for a paper no 
 longer to be carried on as he approved. But, whatever other 
 "plant" they got, they had not only Mr. Crane's Freedom, 
 Equality, Fraternity block, but also the big willow pattern 
 block by Morris, which appeared on the first number of the new 
 monthly series, with the startling sub-title 
 
 A JOIJENAL OF 
 
 Revolutionary Socialism. 
 
 At this point The Commonweal passes beyond our ken. It 
 struggled on in a way for a time and maintained a precarious 
 existence until a question of incitement to murder arose, and 
 the " plant '' and stock as well as some of the people were 
 seized by the police. All that there is further to say of this 
 sixth volume of Morris's Commonweal concerns a few illustra- 
 tions. In the number for the 1st of February 1890 is a hideous 
 picture called " When will he get there ?" It represents a 
 working man running up a winding road at the top of which is 
 a wheat-sheaf, " the fruits of labour " ; he has to pass an 
 armed capitalist, landlord, policeman, and soldier. The same 
 atrocity is the frontispiece to Morris's Monopoly ; and a reduc- 
 tion of it appears over and over again in the advertizing 
 columns. In the number for the 29bh of March is a still viler 
 caricature of Mr. H. M. Stanley — "The Christian Pioneer." 
 On the first page of the number for the 24th of May is Mr. 
 Crane's beautiful and dignified " Labour's May Day " set in 
 the midst of a chapter of Neivs from Nowhere describing " how 
 the change came." This is the design of which a reduced 
 copy forms the frontispiece of the editio princeps of Morris's 
 "Utopian Eomance" (see page 147). A clever but ugly 
 satirical design of " Capital and Labour," printed separately 
 and given with the same number of the paper, completes the 
 list of illustrations. 
 
200 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 In the following list of Morris's contributions, it is to be 
 understood that every item is signed in full, " William 
 Morris," unless some other form of signature is specified. 
 Each instalment of Socialism from the Boot U;p is signed " E. 
 Belfort Bax and William Morris." 
 
 CONTEIBUTIONS TO "THE COMMONWEAL." 
 
 No. of 
 
 Paper. 
 1 
 
 Page. 
 
 No. of 
 Col- 
 umns. 
 
 1 1 
 
 1 2i 
 
 4 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 18 
 20 
 
 22 
 32 
 
 35 
 36 
 37 
 44 
 
 49 
 52 
 53 
 56 
 61 
 
 65 
 
 68 
 72 
 77 
 80 
 
 1^ 
 
 5 
 
 1* 
 
 If 
 
 14 
 
 ^ 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 2i 
 
 Vol. I. 
 
 " Introductory." 
 
 " The Manifesto of the Socialist League." — 
 
 William Morris and the Best of the 
 
 Provisional Council of the League. 
 " The March of the Workers." 
 Unheaded Appeal for Subscriptions. 15 
 
 lines. 
 " The Message of the March Wind."— [Sec- 
 tion I. of " The Pilgrims of Hope."] 
 " The Worker's Share of Art." 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. II.— The Bridge 
 
 and the Street." 
 " Signs of the Times."— W. M. 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. III. — Sending to 
 
 the War." 
 " Signs of the Times."- W. M. 
 " Monthly Eeport."— W. M. 
 " Unattractive Labour." 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. IV.— Mother and 
 
 Son." 
 " Attractive Labour." 
 Two Unheaded Paragraphs. — W. M. 
 " Notes on the Political Crisis." 
 " Socialists at Play." 
 " Socialism and Politics. (An Answer to 
 
 ' Another View.') " 
 "First General Meeting of the Socialist 
 
 League " — William Morris. Edward B. 
 
 Aveling. 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. V.— New Birth." 
 " Signs of the Times."— W. M. 8 lines. 
 " Mr. Chamberlain at Hull." 
 "The Pilgrims of Hope. VI.— The New 
 
 Proletarian. " 
 
Contributiom to The Commflmreal. 
 
 201 
 
 No. of 
 Paper. 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 Page. 
 84 
 
 85 
 87 
 
 86 bis 
 91 
 92 
 
 93 
 96 
 
 No. of 
 Col- 
 umns. 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 I 
 
 H 
 
 li 
 
 100 — 
 
 101 
 104 
 
 H 
 
 " Appeal !" — E. Belfort Bax. William 
 Morris. C. Theodor. 
 
 " A New Party." 
 
 " Answers to Previous Inquiries." — 5 Para- 
 graphs, each signed W. M. 
 
 " Ireland and Italy. A Warning." 
 
 " Signs of the Times."— W. M. 
 
 " Inquiry Column. Answers." — 1 Para- 
 graph.— W. M. 10 lines. 
 
 " Moves in the Game Political." 
 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. VII.— In Prison 
 — and at Home." 
 
 Two XJnheaded Paragraphs. — W. M. 17 
 lines. 
 
 " On the Eve of the Elections." 
 
 " To Our Eeaders." — William Morris. 
 Edward Aveling. 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 5) 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 8 
 
 2 
 5 
 
 12 
 13 
 16 
 
 1^ 
 1^ 
 
 17 
 
 2^ 
 
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 1 
 
 28 
 
 1 
 
 3) 
 
 1 
 
 30 
 
 1 
 
 33 
 
 2 
 
 36 
 
 ItV 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 38 
 
 2 
 
 T 
 
 !> 
 
 
 
 Vol. II. 
 
 " The Morrow of the Elections." 
 
 " Notes."— W. M. 
 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. VIII. The Half 
 of Life Gone." 
 
 ' ' The Husks that the Swine do Eat."— W. M. 
 
 "The Commonweal."— E. Belfort Bax. 
 William Morris. H. H. Sparling. Carl 
 Theodor. 13 lines. 
 
 " Notes."— W, M. 
 
 " A Letter from the Pacific Coast." 
 
 " The Commonweal" — repeated from No. 12. 
 
 " Our Pohcy." 
 
 "The Pilgrims of Hope. IX. A New 
 Friend." 
 
 " Notes on Matters Parliamentary." 
 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. X. Eeady to 
 Depart." 
 
 " Socialism in the Provinces." 
 
 " Editorial." — William Morris. E. Bel- 
 fort Bax. 
 
 " Independent Ireland." 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 11 lines. 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 16 lines. 
 
 " Concerning the ' Commonweal.'" — W. M. 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 14 lines. 
 
202 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 lo. of 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Pago. 
 
 Col- 
 
 aper. 
 
 
 umns. 
 
 17 
 
 41 
 
 2 
 
 )) 
 
 43 
 
 1* 
 
 )J 
 
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 1 
 
 )) 
 
 )» 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 49 
 
 n 
 
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 »> 
 
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 u 
 
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 57 
 
 2 
 
 ») 
 
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 H 
 
 20 
 
 68 
 
 n 
 
 ij 
 
 )i 
 
 — 
 
 )» 
 
 69 
 
 If 
 
 )) 
 
 71 
 
 1 
 
 J) 
 
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 1 
 
 21 
 
 73 
 
 1* 
 
 J) 
 
 75 
 
 "y" 
 
 )1 
 
 77 
 79 
 
 ^ 
 
 2:^ 
 
 81 
 
 2'' 
 
 J) 
 
 82 
 
 H 
 
 >» 
 
 83 
 
 
 )) 
 
 86 
 
 — 
 
 }f 
 
 87 
 
 i 
 
 23 
 
 89 
 
 14 
 
 24 
 
 97 
 
 If 
 
 J) 
 
 100 
 
 H 
 
 25 
 
 105 
 
 1 
 
 J» 
 
 106 
 
 2 
 
 »7 
 
 107 
 
 1 
 
 
 108 
 
 U 
 
 26 
 
 113 
 
 1) 
 
 J, 
 
 114 
 
 
 It 
 
 116 
 117 
 
 ft 
 
 o 
 3 
 
 27 
 
 121 
 
 1' 
 
 " 
 
 123 
 
 -- 
 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 
 " Socialism in Dublin and Yorkshire." 
 
 " The Pilgrims of Hope. XI.— A Glimpse 
 
 of the Coming Day." 
 Unheaded Paragraph.— W. M. 11 lines. 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 Foot-note to " The Commercial Hearth." — 
 
 W. M. 4 lines. 
 " Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter I." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter II." 
 " Our Eepresentatives." 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 14 lines. 
 " Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter III." 
 " Notes and Queries. Practical Socialism." 
 
 — W. M. 
 " Branch Eeports. Birmingham." W. M. 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 "The Pilgrims of Hope. XII.— Meeting 
 
 the "War-Machine." 
 " Sociahsm from the Eoot Up. Chapter IV." 
 " Instructive Items." — W. M. 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter V." 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — "W. M. 10 lines. 
 " Correspondence." A Note signed " Eds." 
 5 lines. 
 
 " Free Speech at Stratford.'' 
 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 
 " Whigs, Democrats, and Socialists." 
 
 " Home Eule or Humbug." 
 
 " A Letter from Scotland." 
 
 " Whigs, Democrats, and Socialists." — Con- 
 cluded. 
 
 "The Pilgrims of Hope. XIII. — The 
 Story's Ending." 
 
 " Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter VI." 
 
 " Notes on the Elections." 
 
 " The Sequel of the Scotch Letter." 
 
 " Notes."— W. M. 
 
 " Eeview. ' Modern Socialism.' By Annie 
 Besant." 
 
 " The Whig-Jingo Victory." — Wm. Morris. 
 
 " An Empty Pocket is the Worst of Crimes." 
 — W. M. 15 lines. 
 
Contributions to The Commoniveal. 
 
 208 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Col- 
 
 Paper. 
 
 
 umns. 
 
 a? 
 
 126 
 
 \ 
 
 28 
 
 129 
 
 If 
 
 )} 
 
 130 
 
 if 
 
 29 
 
 137 
 
 2 
 
 J) 
 
 138 
 
 ^ 
 
 30 
 
 145 
 
 H 
 
 ) ) 
 
 147 
 
 — 
 
 31 
 
 153 
 
 If 
 
 ij 
 
 156 
 
 " ^ 
 
 11 
 
 156 
 
 2i 
 
 32 
 
 161 
 
 i; 
 
 
 164 
 
 1 
 
 33 
 
 169 
 
 If 
 
 Jl 
 
 170 
 
 2| 
 
 
 172 
 
 1 
 
 34 
 
 177 
 
 H 
 
 35 
 
 185 
 
 li 
 
 J) 
 
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 1 
 
 J) 
 
 189 
 
 li 
 
 36 
 
 197 
 
 2t 
 
 37 
 
 201 
 
 1| 
 
 
 205 
 
 1| 
 
 38 
 
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 1| 
 
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 H 
 
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 233 
 
 Y 
 
 42 
 
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 2i 
 
 )) 
 
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 2 
 
 43 
 
 249 
 
 1 
 
 44 
 
 257 
 
 1\ 
 
 
 257 
 
 H 
 
 45 
 
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 1 
 
 
 266 
 
 2-1 
 
 J) 
 
 268 
 
 "B" 
 
 46 
 
 274 
 
 2f 
 
 »> 
 
 276 
 
 i 
 
 47 
 
 281 
 
 i 
 
 »» 
 
 282 
 
 ^ 
 
 48 
 
 289 
 
 1 
 
 " Eeview. 'Cashel Byron's Profession.' By 
 
 George Bernard Shaw." — W. M. 
 " "What is to Happen Next ?" 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 VII." 
 " Free Speech in the Streets." — Wm. 
 
 Morris. 
 "Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 VIII." 
 " Political Notes." 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 20 lines. 
 " Mr. Chamberlain's Leader." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." — "W. M. 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter IX." 
 " The Abolition of Freedom of Speech in 
 
 the Streets." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." — W. M. 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 ' ' Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter X. " 
 " Misanthropy to the Bescue !" 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." — Wm. Morris 
 " The Paris Trades' Union Congress." 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter XI." 
 " An Old Story Betold." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " The Beward of ' Genius,' " 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 XII." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " SociaUsm from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 XIII." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " A Dream of John Ball." 
 " The Moral of Last Lord Mayor's Day.'' 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 " Mr. Jawkins at the Mansion House." 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 " The Ten Commandments."— W. M. 
 " Notes on Passing Events." — W. Morris. 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 " Notes on Passitig Events."— W. M. 
 
204 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 0. of 
 
 
 No of 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Col- 
 
 iper. 
 
 
 umns. 
 
 48 
 
 290 
 
 ^ 
 
 49 
 
 297 
 
 li 
 
 7> 
 
 298 
 
 2|- 
 
 )) 
 
 300 
 
 H 
 
 50 
 
 305 
 
 1 
 
 >» 
 
 307 
 
 2 
 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 
 " Notes on Passing Events." — Wm. Morris. 
 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 
 " Is Trade Eecovering ?" 
 
 " The Law in Ireland."— W. Morris. 
 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 
 51 
 
 )) 
 J) 
 
 52 
 53 
 
 it 
 )) 
 
 54 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 61 
 
 62 
 
 3) 
 
 63 
 
 1 
 3 
 4 
 
 5 
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 11 
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 41 
 
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 84 
 .S9 
 89 
 '.)7 
 101 
 
 2 
 
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 2 
 
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 ■A 
 
 4 
 If 
 
 H 
 
 If 
 
 f 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 f 
 1* 
 
 Vol. III. 
 
 " Political Notes." 
 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 
 " Editorial."— William Morris. H. Hali- 
 
 day Sparling. 
 Uaheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 10 lines. 
 " Words of Forecast for 1887."— E. Belfort 
 
 Bax. William Morris. 
 Unheaded Paragraph.— W. M. 12 lines. 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " The Political Crisis." 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Continued. 
 " Notes on Passing Events." — W. Morris. 
 " A Dream of John Ball." — Concluded. 
 " Notes on Passing Events." 
 " The Norwich Socialists." Supplementary 
 
 to Article by J. L. Mahon.— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Sociahsm from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 XIV." 
 " Notes on News." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Facing the Worst of It." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 ' ' Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter XV. " 
 " Fighting for Peace." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 18 lines. 
 
 Political Notes."— W. M. 
 
 Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter 
 
 XVI." 
 
 Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 Political Notes."— W. M. 
 
 Why we Celebrate the Commune of Paris." 
 
 Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter 
 XVII." 
 
Contributions to The Commonweal. 
 
 205 
 
 No. of 
 Paper, 
 
 64 
 65 
 65 
 
 67 
 68 
 
 69 
 70 
 
 71 
 
 72 
 
 73 
 
 74 
 
 75 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 78 
 79 
 80 
 
 81 
 82 
 
 Page. 
 
 105 
 113 
 115 
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 129 
 137 
 141 
 
 145 
 153 
 153 
 165 
 170 
 
 172 
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 188 
 191 
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 194 
 
 196 
 
 197 
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 202 
 
 204 
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 210 
 
 212 
 
 No. of 
 Col- 
 umns. 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
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 n 
 
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 ^s 
 
 n 
 i 
 
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 4 
 
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 1| 
 
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 It 
 
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 l| 
 
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 IJ 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Law and Order in Ireland." 
 
 " The Eevival of Trade (?)."— W. M. 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 10 lines. 
 
 "Notes on News." 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter 
 
 XVIII." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Coercion for London." 
 " The Eeward of Labour. A Dialogue." 
 "The Eeward of Labour. A Dialogue," 
 
 — Concluded. 
 " Notes on News." 
 
 " How we Live and How we Might Live." 
 
 " How we Live and How we Might Live." 
 — Continued. 
 
 " Notes on News." 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 19 lines. 
 
 " Notes on News." 
 
 " How we Live and How we Might Live." 
 — Continued. 
 
 " Notes."— W. M, 21 lines. 
 
 " Socialism from the Root Up. Chapter 
 XIX." 
 
 " ' Common-Sense Socialism.' " — W. M. 
 
 " The Labour Struggle. Belgium."— W. M. 
 28 lines. 
 
 " How we Live and How we Might Live." 
 Continued. 
 
 " An Old Superstition — A New Disgrace." 
 
 " The North of England Socialist Federa- 
 tion."— W. M. 
 
 " How we Live and How we Might Live." 
 — Concluded. 
 
 " Notes."— W. M. 
 
 "Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 "Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter XX." 
 
 "Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " The Boy-Farms at Fault." 
 
 " Notes." — Wm. Morris. 
 
 "Bourgeois versus Socialist." 
 
 ' ' Socialism from the Eoot Up. Chapter XXI . " 
 
•206 
 
 Nu. of 
 Paper. 
 
 83 
 84 
 
 85 
 
 86 
 
 87 
 
 89 
 91 
 
 it 
 
 92 
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 95 
 
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 102 
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 Pjge. 
 
 257 
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 281 
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 umns. 
 
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 1 
 
 If 
 1 
 
 4 
 H 
 H 
 
 1 
 II 
 
 i 
 
 2 
 If 
 
 H 
 
 2i 
 
 1 ^5 
 
 u 
 
 u 
 
 If 
 
 14 
 
 o 
 
 2 
 
 AfipeiKlij:. 
 
 " Notes." 
 
 " Notes on News." 
 
 " Feudal England." 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Feudal England." — Continued. 
 
 " A Note on Passing Politics." 
 
 "Is Lipski's Confession Genuine?" — E. 
 
 Belfort Bax and William Morris. 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 " Feudal England." — Continued. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Feudal England." — Continued. 
 " Artist and Artisan. As an Artist sees it." 
 " Notes on News." 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 " Notes."— W. M. 
 "Free Speech in America." 
 " Notes." — W. M. 1 column nearly, 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News." 
 " Practical Politics at Nottingham." 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 " Honesty is the Best Policy ; Or, The 
 
 Inconvenience of Stealing." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 "Honesty is the Best Policy; Or, The 
 
 Inconvenience of Stealing." — Concluded. 
 " London in a State of Siege." 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 9 lines. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Insurance Against Magistrates." 
 " The Liberal Party Digging its Own Grave.'' 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 "Notes on News." 
 " Notes on News." 
 
 "The Conscience of the Upper Classes." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Emigration and Colonisation." 
 Note signed Ed. 8 lines. 
 
 104 
 105 
 
 1 
 
 1^ 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 i 
 
 Vol. IV. 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 ' What 1887 has done." 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
Contributions to The C 
 
 oiniiiunicec 
 
 d. 
 
 207 
 
 Xo. of j 
 Prtpcr. 
 
 105 
 106 
 107 
 
 109 
 110 
 
 111 
 
 112 
 113 
 
 114 
 
 it 
 
 115 
 
 117 
 
 118 
 119 
 
 120 
 121 
 
 122 
 123 
 
 124 
 125 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 Page. 
 
 12 
 17 
 25 
 29 
 41 
 49 
 52 
 57 
 61 
 
 65 
 68 
 73 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 81 
 82 
 
 89 
 98 
 105 
 106 
 113 
 121 
 125 
 
 129 
 137 
 137 
 140 
 
 145 
 158 
 154 
 
 161 
 169 
 180 
 
 182 
 
 185 
 
 188 
 
 No. of 
 Cul- 
 
 UUiDM. 
 
 n 
 
 2 
 
 li 
 
 2 
 
 n 
 
 li 
 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 If 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2i 
 
 2^ 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 n 
 
 " Eadicals look round You !" 
 
 " Notes on News." 
 
 " Notes on News." 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 11 lines. 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " On some ' Practical ' Socialists." 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 Foot-note to Article by T. Binning.— W. M. 
 
 13 lines. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " A Triple Alliance."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 XXII." 
 Foot-note to " Socialism from the Boot Up." 
 
 — W. M. 6 lines. 
 " Dead at Last."- W. M. 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 XXII." (continued). 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " A Speech from the Dock."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Socialism Militant in Scotland." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."- W. M. 
 " Lo when we wade the tangled wood," — 
 
 three unheaded rhymed quatrains. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News,"— W. M. 
 " The Beaction and the Badicals." 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 XXIII." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Socialism from the Boot Up. Chapter 
 
 XXIII." (concluded). 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " The Policy of the Socialist League " (?). 
 
 — Signed by the Council. 
 " Eevolutionary Calendar. Week ending 
 
 June 16, 1888. Wat Tyler."— W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " The Skeleton at the Feast." 
 
208 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Col- 
 
 Paper. 
 
 
 umns. 
 
 128 
 
 193 
 
 1 
 
 )l 
 
 195 
 
 2 
 ■5 
 
 J» 
 
 196 
 
 n 
 
 129 
 
 201 
 
 2| 
 
 J> 
 
 204 
 
 If 
 
 130 
 
 209 
 
 2 
 
 )» 
 
 210 
 
 l\ 
 
 131 
 
 217 
 
 If 
 
 »» 
 
 217 
 
 2| 
 
 132 
 
 225 
 
 If 
 
 )) 
 
 226 
 
 If 
 
 )j 
 
 227 
 
 
 )> 
 
 228 
 
 1 
 
 j^ 
 
 229 
 
 
 133 
 
 233 
 
 H 
 
 ji 
 
 234 
 
 4 
 
 134 
 
 241 
 
 1 
 
 )) 
 
 242 
 
 2i 
 
 135 
 
 249 
 
 2 
 
 ») 
 
 250 
 
 1| 
 
 JJ 
 
 251 
 
 — 
 
 136 
 
 257 
 
 2^ 
 
 )) 
 
 258 
 
 2 
 
 137 
 
 265 
 
 f 
 
 ») 
 
 268 
 
 1 
 
 139 
 
 281 
 
 1 
 
 140 
 
 289 
 
 i 
 
 141 
 
 297 
 
 H 
 
 11 
 
 300 
 
 7 
 
 143 
 
 313 
 
 2 
 
 146 
 
 337 
 
 1| 
 
 148 
 
 353 
 
 l| 
 
 »» 
 
 356 
 
 H 
 
 149 
 
 361 
 
 1 
 
 151 
 
 380 
 
 1 
 
 152 
 
 385 
 
 1 
 
 153 
 
 396 
 
 1 
 
 >» 
 
 397 
 
 3 
 
 164 
 
 401 
 
 2 
 
 )J 
 
 404 
 
 1 
 
 155 
 
 409 
 
 H 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 'Pentonville Prison." — W. M. 
 
 ' Counting Noses." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' Thoughts on Education under Capitalism." 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' The Eevolt of Ghent." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' The Eevolt of Ghent." Continued. 
 
 ' Sweaters and Sweaters." 
 
 ' The Eevolt of Ghent." Continued. 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 4 lines. 
 
 Notes on News."— W. M. 
 Unheaded Paragraph.— W. M. 9 lines. 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' The Eevolt of Ghent." Continued. 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' The Eevolt of Ghent." Continued. 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' The Eevolt of Ghent." Continued (un- 
 signed). 
 Foot-note to "Death of W. Stanley Jevons " 
 
 by S. W.— W. M. 1 line. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' The Eevolt of Ghent." Concluded. 
 
 ' Notes on Ne\ra." — "W. M. 
 
 ' Socialist Work at Norwich." 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' Notes on News." — "W. M. 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' A Modern Midas."— W. M. 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 'In Memoriam" ["Chicago Martyrs"]. — 
 Signed Editors. 
 
 ' Notes on News." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' Notes on News "— W. M. 
 
 ' In and about Cottonopolis." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— "W. M. 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 " Talk and Art." 
 Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
Contributions to The Commoitural. 
 
 ?09 
 
 Nu. of 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Col- 
 
 Paper. 
 
 
 umns. 
 
 156 
 
 4 
 
 If 
 
 157 
 
 12 
 
 i 
 
 168 
 
 17 
 
 2i 
 
 11 
 
 18 
 
 24 
 
 159 
 
 26 
 
 2" 
 
 ') 
 
 26 
 
 ^ 
 
 160 
 
 38 
 
 n 
 
 161 
 
 41 
 
 2" 
 
 163 
 
 67 
 
 ij 
 
 164 
 
 66 
 
 i| 
 
 )) 
 
 67 
 
 — 
 
 166 
 
 73 
 
 7 
 
 8" 
 
 166 
 
 81 
 
 1 
 
 >) 
 
 86 
 
 1 
 
 167 
 
 89 
 
 If 
 
 3) 
 
 91 
 
 
 
 168 
 
 97 
 
 2 
 
 J) 
 
 98 
 
 1 2 
 
 169 
 
 106 
 
 1 
 
 )> 
 
 107 
 
 — 
 
 )» 
 
 108 
 
 n 
 
 170 
 
 113 
 
 n 
 
 )} 
 
 114 
 
 If 
 
 171 
 
 121 
 
 H 
 
 172 
 
 129 
 
 6 
 
 T 
 
 173 
 
 137 
 
 
 J) 
 
 137 
 
 
 
 ») 
 
 140 
 
 
 174 
 
 145 
 
 3 
 
 176 
 
 163 
 
 1 
 
 ,j 
 
 167 
 
 H 
 
 178 
 
 177 
 
 If 
 
 179 
 
 185 
 
 1 
 
 180 
 
 193 
 
 1 
 
 5) 
 
 194 
 
 H 
 
 181 
 
 201 
 
 I 
 
 182 
 
 209 
 
 2 
 
 ?J 
 
 212 
 
 n 
 
 186 
 
 234 
 
 ^ 
 
 Vol. V. 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Whigs Astray." 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Whigs Astray." 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W.M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 "Mine and Thine."— Translated. 2 ten- 
 line stanzas. 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " All for the Cause " (reprinted). 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Some Greetings." — A collection of Letters 
 including a | column from Morris. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " The Society of the Future." 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Ducks and Fools."— W. M. 19 lines. 
 
 " The Society of the Future." — Continued. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " The Society of the Future."— Concluded. 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 " Statement of Principles." — Signed 
 " Council." 1 col. nearly. 
 
 Unheaded Paragraph. — W. M. 6 lines. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 "Correspondence" [Letter on Communism]. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Looking Backward " [Eeview of Bellamy]. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 " Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 "Under an Elm-Tree; Or, Thoughts in 
 the Country-Side." 
 
 " Impressions of the Paris Congress." 
 
 14 
 
210 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Col- 
 
 Paper. 
 
 
 umns. 
 
 186 
 
 241 
 
 It 
 
 »> 
 
 242 
 
 12 
 
 188 
 
 257 
 
 2 
 
 »J 
 
 261 
 
 li 
 
 189 
 
 265 
 
 7 
 75" 
 
 191 
 
 281 
 
 2! 
 
 192 
 
 289 
 
 ll 
 
 193 
 
 297 
 
 7 
 
 194 
 
 305 
 
 If 
 
 197 
 
 329 
 
 14 
 
 198 
 
 337 
 
 6 
 
 200 
 
 356 
 
 3 
 
 201 
 
 361 
 
 s 
 
 202 
 
 369 
 
 n 
 
 )J 
 
 371 
 
 1 
 
 s 
 
 203 
 
 377 
 
 1 
 
 204 
 
 386 
 
 1 
 
 >) 
 
 388 
 
 2 
 
 205 
 
 393 
 
 IS 
 
 ») 
 
 394 
 
 If 
 
 206 
 
 401 
 
 2-1- 
 
 207 
 
 409 
 
 1] 
 
 'Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' Impressions of the Paris Congress. "- 
 
 Concluded. 
 ' Trial by Judge v. Trial by Jury." 
 ' Communism and Anarchism," 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 ' The Lesson of the Hour."— W. M. 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 ' A Death Song " (Eeprinted). 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 ' Monopoly." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 ' Monopoly."— Continued. 
 ' Monopoly."— Concluded.— W. M. 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 209 
 
 9 
 
 2-J 
 
 210 
 
 18 
 
 2 
 
 211 
 
 25 
 
 24 
 
 212 
 
 28 
 33 
 34 
 
 2-i 
 2 
 
 213 
 
 41 
 42 
 
 4 
 
 Vol. VI. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Or, An Epoch of 
 Best. Being some Chapters from a 
 Utopian Eomance. Chap. I. — Discus- 
 sion and Bed. Chap. II. — A Morning 
 Bath." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. II. (con- 
 tinued). — A Morning Bath." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. III. — The 
 Guest House and Breakfast Therein." 
 
 ' Fabian Essays in Socialism." 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. III. (con- 
 tinued).— The Guest House and Break- 
 fast Therein. Chap. IV. — A Market by 
 the Way." 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. V.— Children 
 on the Eoad." 
 
Contributions to The Commonweal. 
 
 211 
 
 No. of 
 Paper. 
 
 214 
 
 J) 
 
 Page. 
 
 49 
 
 49 
 
 No. of 
 Col- 
 umns. 
 
 i 
 
 2| 
 
 215 
 
 1i 
 
 57 
 58 
 
 i 
 
 216 
 
 66 
 
 H 
 
 217 
 
 74 
 
 li 
 
 218 
 
 77 
 82 
 
 7 
 S 
 
 I 
 
 2 
 
 219 
 
 89 
 89 
 
 2 
 
 220 
 
 91 
 
 98 
 
 i 
 4 
 
 221 
 
 100 
 106 
 105 
 
 4 
 
 222 
 
 113 
 
 2^ 
 
 223 
 
 116 
 121 
 
 2 
 
 224 
 
 130 
 
 If 
 
 226 
 
 j; 
 
 137 
 140 
 141 
 
 1* 
 
 li 
 
 2J 
 
 226 
 
 145 
 
 — 
 
 227 
 
 153 
 
 2 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. VI. — A Little 
 Shopping." 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. VII. — ■ 
 Trafalgar Square." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. VIII. — An 
 Old Friend." 
 
 'News from Nowhere: Chap. IX. — Con- 
 cerning Love." 
 
 ' Coal in Kent." 
 
 ' Christianity and Socialism." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. IX. (con- 
 tinued). — Concerning Love." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 9 Hnes. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. IX. (con- 
 tinued). — Concerning Love. Chap. X. — 
 Questions and Answers." 
 
 ' The Great Coal Strike." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. X. (con- 
 tinued). — Questions and Answers." 
 
 ' Notes."— W. M. 22 lines. 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. X. (con- 
 tinued). — Questions and Answers." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XL — Con- 
 cerning Government." 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 16 lines. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XII. — Con- 
 cerning the Arrangement of Life." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XIII. — Con- 
 cerning Politics. Chap. XIV. — How 
 Matters are Managed." 
 
 ' Labour Day." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XV. — On 
 the Lack of Incentive to Labour in a 
 Communist Society." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XV. (con- 
 tinued). — On the Lack of Incentive to 
 Labour in a Communist Society. Chap. 
 XVI. — Dinner in the Hall of the Blooms- 
 bury Market." 2 columns nearly. 
 
 ■The 'Bight Hours' and the Demonstra- 
 tion." 
 
 14—2 
 
212 
 
 No. 0/ 
 Paper. 
 
 227 
 
 228 
 229 
 230 
 
 231 
 232 
 
 233 
 
 234 
 
 235 
 236 
 
 237 
 
 tt 
 
 238 
 
 JJ 
 
 239 
 
 Page. 
 156 
 
 No. of 
 Col- 
 umns. 
 
 If 
 
 157 
 161 
 
 4 
 
 169 
 
 H 
 
 179 
 
 If 
 
 180 
 186 
 
 n 
 
 ]93 
 195 
 
 
 204 
 205 
 
 8 
 
 209 
 
 2 
 
 212 
 220 
 
 4 
 
 225 
 229 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 233 
 
 2 
 
 235 
 
 237 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 242 
 
 1* 
 
 244 
 
 H 
 
 250 
 
 ^ 
 
 Appendid 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XVI. (con- 
 tinued). — Dinner in the Hall of the 
 Bloomsbury Market. Chap. XVII.— 
 How the Change came." 
 
 ' Notes."— W. M. 
 
 News from Nowhere : Chap. XVII. (con- 
 tinued). — How the Change came." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XVII. (con- 
 tinued). — How the Change came." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XVII. (con- 
 tinued). — How the Change came." 
 
 ' Anti-Parliamentary." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XVII. (con- 
 tinued). — How the Change came." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XVIII. — 
 The Beginning of the New Life." 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XIX. — The 
 Drive back to Hammersmith." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XIX. (con- 
 tinued). — The Drive back to Hammer- 
 smith. Chap. XX. — The Hammersmith 
 Guest-House again. Chap. XXI. — Going 
 up the Eiver." 
 
 ' Notes on News."— W. M. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXII. — 
 Hampton Court. And a Praiser of Past 
 Times." 
 
 ' The Development of Modern Society." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXII. (con- 
 tinued). — Hampton Court. And a Praiser 
 of Past Times." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXIII. — An 
 Early Morning by Eunnymede." 
 
 ' Notes on News." — W. M. 
 
 ' The Development of Modern Society." — 
 Continued. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXIV. — Up 
 the Thames : the Second Day." 
 
 ' The Development of Modern Society." — 
 Continued. 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXIV. (con- 
 tinued). — Up the Thames : the Second 
 Day." 
 
Contributions to The Commonweal, etc. 213 
 
 No. of 
 Paper. 
 
 239 
 
 240 
 
 241 
 
 242 
 
 243 
 
 244 
 
 245 
 
 246 
 
 247 
 
 251 
 253 
 
 Page. 
 
 253 
 
 No. of 
 Col- 
 umns. 
 
 257 
 
 14 
 
 260 
 
 i| 
 
 266 
 
 If 
 
 274 
 
 li 
 
 284 
 
 If 
 
 292 
 
 li 
 
 298 
 
 2 
 
 306 
 
 If 
 
 314 
 
 2 
 
 345 
 
 ^ 
 
 861 
 
 4 
 
 '■ The Development of Modern Society." — 
 
 Continued. 
 ■■ News from Nowhere : Chap. XXV.— Still 
 
 up the Thames." 
 ' The Development of Modern Society." — 
 
 Concluded. 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXVI. — 
 
 The Upper Waters. " 
 
 ■ News from Nowhere : Chap. XXVI. (con- 
 
 tinued). — The Upper Waters." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXVI. (con- 
 tinued). — The Upper Waters." 
 
 ■News from Nowhere: Chap. XXVII.— A 
 Eesting-place on the Upper Thames." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXVIII. — 
 The Journey's End." 
 
 ' News from Nowhere : Chap. XXIX. — An 
 Old House amongst New Folk." 
 
 ■ News from Nowhere : Chap. XXX. — The 
 
 Feast's Beginning—The End." 
 ' Workhouse Socialism." 
 ' Where are we now ?" 
 
 CONTEIBUTIONS TO OTHER NEWSPAPEES, 
 MAGAZINES, AND EEVIEWS, 
 
 WITH EEFEEENCES TO THE PAGES OF THE PBESENT VOLUME 
 AT WHICH SOME OF THEM AEE MENTIONED. 
 
 The God of the Poor (p. 110), Fortnighly Beview, August 1868. 
 
 The Two Sides of the Eiver (pp. 54, 85), Fortnightly Beview, 
 October 1868. 
 
 The Saga of Gunnlaug the Worm-tongue and Eafn the Skald 
 (pp. 54, 82), Fortnightly Beview, January 1869. 
 
 On the Edge of the Wilderness (p. 54), Fortnightly Beview, 
 
 April 1869. 
 Hapless Love (p. 85), Good Words, 1 April 1869. 
 Eeview of D. G. Eossetti's Poems, Academy, 14 May 1870. 
 The Dark Wood (p. 79), Fortnightly Bevieiu, February 1871. 
 The Seasons (4 stanzas), Academy, 1 February 1871. 
 
2 J 4 Appendix. 
 
 The Story of Frithiof the Bold, Dark Blue (magazine), ch. i-x, 
 March 1871 ch. xi-xv, April 1871 (pp. 79-82). 
 
 The First Foray of Aristomenes (p. 85), Athenaum, 13 May 1876. 
 
 Letter on England and the Turks (p. 93), Daily Neios, 26 
 October 1876. 
 
 Letter on " Eestoration,'' AthencBum, 7 April 1877. 
 
 Letter on Canterbury Cathedral, Times, 4 June 1877. 
 
 Do., Do., 7 July 1877. 
 
 Letter on Destruction of City Churches, Times, 17 April 1878. 
 
 Letter on St. Alban's Abbey, Times, 2 August 1878. 
 
 Quatrain for four paintings by Burne-Jones, Blackburn's 
 Grosvenor Notes, 1879. 
 
 Letter on English Translations from the Icelandic, Athenaum, 
 17 May 1879. 
 
 Letter on the Eestoration of St. Mark's at Venice, Times, 
 28 November 1879. 
 
 Letter on the same subject, Times, 29 November 1879. 
 
 Letter on Ashburnham House, Daily Neios, 28 November 1881. 
 
 Letter on High Wycomb Grammar School, Athenaum, 10 
 December 1881. 
 
 Letter on Vandalism in Italy, Times, 12 April 1882. 
 
 Letter on Impending Famine in Iceland, Daily News, 8 Aug. 1882. 
 
 Letter on River Pollution in Putney, Daily News, 15 Aug. 1883. 
 
 The Three Seekers (52 couplets), To-day, January 1884. 
 
 Art under Plutocracy, To-day, February 1884. 
 
 Do. Do. March ,, 
 
 Meeting in Winter (26 couplets), English Illustrated Magazine, 
 March 1884. 
 
 The Exhibition of the Eoyal Academy, by a rare Visitor To-day, 
 July 1884. 
 
 Letter on " The Commonweal,'' Daily Neivs, 27 January 1885. 
 
 Letter on the Vulgarization of Oxiori, Daily News, 2,0 Nov. 1885. 
 
 Letter on "The Best Hundred Books," Pall Mall Gazette, 
 2 February 1886.1 
 
 Letter on the League and the Federation, Daily News, 12 Feb- 
 ruary 1886. 
 
 1 This letter of a column and a fifth was reprinted in the "Pall Afall 
 Oazette Extra," No. 24, on "The Best Hundred Books" (pages 10 and 11), 
 
Contributions to PeriodiraI.<i. 215 
 
 Letter on English Literature at the Universities, Pall Mall 
 Gazette, 1 November I886.1 
 
 Letter on the Civilization of our Germanic Forefathers, Pall 
 
 Mall Gazette, 15 December 1886. 
 Letter on the Police and the People, Daily News, 17 Oct. 1887. 
 
 Do. Do. 18 Do. 
 
 The Eevival of Architecture, Fortnightly Bevicw, May 1888. 
 The Burghers' Battle (14 quatrains), Athenmim, 16 June 1888. 
 The Eevival of Handicraft, Fortnightly Revieio, November 1888. 
 Letter on Tapestry and Carpet-Weaving, Times, 2 Nov. 1888. 
 
 Letter on Mr. Shaw-Lefevre's Monumental Chapel, Daily News, 
 30 January 1889. 
 
 Westminster Abbey and its Monuments, Nineteenth Century, 
 
 March 1889. 
 
 Letter on Monuments in Westminster Abbey, Daily Neivs, 
 17 April 1889. 
 
 Letter on Peterborough Cathedral, Pall Mall Gazette, 20 Sep- 
 tember 1889. 
 
 Art and Industry in the Fourteenth Century, Time, Jan. 1890. 
 
 The Hall and the Wood (42 quatrains) English Illustrated 
 Magazine, February 1890. 
 
 Letter on Stratford-on-Avon Church, Times, 15 August 1890. 
 
 The Story of the Glittering Plain, English Illustrated Magazine, 
 June, July, August, and September 1890. 
 
 Letter on the Hanseatic Museum at Bergen, Times, 10 Sep- 
 tember 1890. 
 
 The Day of Days (poem). Time, November 1890. 
 
 The Socialist Ideal. I — Art (p. 152), Neio Beview, January 1891. 
 
 Letter to a Liverpool gentleman on Holinan Hunt's "Triumph 
 of the Innocents," Liver])ool Daily Post, 7 February 1891. 
 
 Letter on Westminster Abbey, Times, 11 February 1891. 
 
 On the Woodcuts of Gothic Books, Times, 25 January 1892. 
 
 Do. Do. 28 Do. 
 
 Paper on the Woodcuts of Gothic Books (illustrated), Journal 
 of the Society of Arts, 12 February 1892. 
 
 The Influence of Building Materials upon Architecture, Century 
 Chiild Hobby Horse, January 1892. 
 
 ^ This half-column letter reappears in the "Pall Mall Gazette Extra,'' 
 No. 32 (page 27). 
 
216 Appendix. 
 
 Letter on a Case before the Woolwich Magistrates, Hammer- 
 smith Socialist Record, April 1893. 
 
 On the Printing of Books, Times, 6 November 1893. 
 
 Letter on the Deeper Meaning of the Struggle (p. 169), Daily 
 Chronicle, 10 November 1893. 
 
 Some Notes on the Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages, 
 Magazine of Art, January 1894. 
 
 Letter on the Proposed Addition to Westminster Abbey, Daily 
 Chronicle, 27 February 1894. 
 
 Letter about the Kelmsoott Press Chaucer, Daily Chronicle, 
 24 July 1894. 
 
 Letter on a United Socialist Party, Clarion, 3 November 1894. 
 
 Letter on Peterborough Cathedral, Times, Standard, &c., 
 2 April 1895. 
 
 Letter on Tree-felling in Epping Forest, Daily Chronicle, 
 23 April 1895. 
 
 Letter on Tree-felling in Epping Forest (headed "Epping Forest. 
 Mr. Morris's Eeport."), Daily Chronicle, 9 May 1895. 
 
 Letter on Eoyal Tombs in Westminster Abbey, Titnes, 1 June 
 
 1895. 
 Letter on"TheWood beyond the World," Spectator, 20 July 1895. 
 Letter on Trinity Almshouses, Daily Chronicle, 26 Nov. 1895. 
 
 Gossip about an Old House on the Upper Thames (p. 183), The 
 Quest, November 1895. 
 
 Letter on Eouen Cathedral, Daily Chronicle, 12 October 1895. 
 
 Letter on Peterborough Cathedral, Daily Chronicle, 5 Dee. 1895. 
 
 Letter on Chichester Cathedral, Times, 14 December 1895. 
 
 There are a few publications, other than periodicals, contain- 
 ing verse or prose by Morris. In Ancient Christmas Carols by 
 Edmund Sedding (London, 1860) is a poem of twelve quatrains 
 with a chorus which is to be sung after each. It is entitled 
 " Masters in this Hall " ; and we are told that " The English 
 Words'' were "written expressly by William Morris, Esq., 
 B.A." It is a quaint production, sincere enough, and by no 
 means without beauty ; but the poet did well not to challenge, 
 by reprinting it, a comparison with his treatment of the same 
 theme — the birth of Christ — in The Earthly Paradise. See 
 " The Land East of the Sun and West of the Moon." 
 
 To the ninth edition of the Encyclopcedia Britannica Morris 
 
Addresses — Lectures — Evidence. 217 
 
 conjointly with Dr. J. H. Middleton contributed the article on 
 Mural Decoration. 
 
 The Transactions of the National Association for the 
 Advancement of Art and its Applications contain two Addresses 
 by Morris, one on Art and its Producers, delivered at Liver- 
 pool in 1888, the other delivered at Edinburgh in 1889, when 
 Morris presided over the Decorative Art Section. 
 
 In the Autobiographical Notes of the Life of William Bell 
 Scott (2 vol. 1892) there are two letters from Morris to Scott 
 about the latter's poems. 
 
 To Bibliographica : Papers on Books, their History and Art 
 (three volumes, 8vo., 1893-7), he contributed an essay " On the 
 Artistic Qualities of the Woodcut Books of Ulm and Augsburg 
 in the Fifteenth Century." See Vol. I. pp. 437-455. 
 
 On the 17th of March 1882 he gave evidence before the 
 Eoyal Commission on Technical Education. This will be 
 found in Vol. III. of the Second Eeport of the Commissioners, 
 Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her 
 Majesty (London, printed by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1884). 
 The evidence, which extends from page 150 to page 161, is 
 excellent reading. There is a useful digest of it into two pages 
 (cxlvi and cxlvii) ; but this is not such good reading. The 
 Eeports of this Commission occupy six royal 8vo. volumes 
 (1882-4). 
 
 The following list of a few addresses, lectures, and conversa- 
 tions, reported in the periodical press, chronicles matters of 
 interest more or less considerable. I have not attempted to 
 compile a complete list of such things. 
 
 Address at Oxford on Art and Democracy, Times, 15 November 
 
 1883.1 
 Lecture — Useful Work v. Useless Toil (p. 121), Justice, 19 and 
 
 26 January 1884. 
 Lecture — Art and Socialism, Justice, 2 February 1884. 
 Lecture — Misery and the Way Out, Justice, 13 September 1884. 
 Lecture — Art and Labour, Justice, 27 September 1884. 
 A Talk with William Morris on Socialism, Daily News, 
 
 8 January 1885. 
 
 ' This was a very brief report of the Address. In the next day's paper 
 appeared a few lines from a correspondent stating that Morris had, on this 
 occasion, avowed himself a Socialint, 
 
218 Appendix. 
 
 Address at the Hammersmith Liberal Club on the Political 
 
 Outlook, Daily Neios, 11 February 1886. 
 Eepresentative Men at Home. Mr. William Morris at Ham- 
 mersmith [including a longish report of some important 
 
 utterances on his Socialism.] CasseWs Satwday Journal, 
 
 No. 368, 18 October 1896. 
 Address on Early England, Daily Chronicle, 15 January 1894. 
 A Socialist Poet on Bombs and Anarchism, an Interview with 
 
 William Morris, Signed " Wat Tyler," Justice, 27 January 
 
 1894. 
 Lecture — Progress of the Socialist Movement, Justice, 30 August 
 
 1891. 
 Speech at South Salford, Justice. 
 Do People Appreciate the Beautiful ? A Ghat with Mr. 
 
 William Morris, Cassell's Satwday Journal, No. 628, 
 
 9 October 1895. 
 Address at the Funeral of Stepniak, Times, 30 December 1895. 
 Address on Disfigurement by Advertizement, A Beautiful 
 
 World, December 1896. 
 
 There are some few reprints which I have not described be- 
 cause I have not se^n them — and indeed have not thought it 
 worth while to go out of my way to see them. Such are 
 (1) The Life and Death of Jason, prepared and printed in 1879 
 solely for the use of pupils of Irvine Academy (Irvine. Times 
 Office. John S. Begg) ; (2) the Christmas Song, printed in 
 1887 in the " Stream of Life Series." (Lothrop, Boston, 
 Mass.) ; (3) an illustrated volume, published in 1888, 
 Atalanta's Race and other Tales, edited with Notes by Oscar 
 Fay Adams with the introduction by William G. Eolfe, A.M. 
 Litt. D. (Boston, Mass., Ticknor and Co.) ; and (4) William 
 Morris, Poet, Artist, Socialist. A selection from his ivritings 
 together with, a sketch of the Man ; Edited by Francis Watts 
 Lee (New York, Humboldt Publishing Co., 1891). 
 
 The late Francis Hueffer's Selection and Memoir form a 
 volume worthy of record, having been done with some sort of 
 authority. The volume is No. 2378 of the Tauchnitz Collec- 
 tion of British Authors, — A Selection/ fromj the Poemsj ofj 
 William Morrisf Edited/ With a Memoir/ by Francis Hiieffer./ 
 Copyright Edition./ Lcipiig/ Bernhard Tauchnitz/ 1886./ The 
 Bight of Translation is reserved. This may be called a Tauch- 
 
Authorized Selections . 219 
 
 nitz 8vo., since each of its 20 sheets is folded in eight, though it 
 is more of a 16mo. shape. It consists of half-title, title, pages 6 
 to 20 of Memoir, pages 21 and 22 of " Contents," and pages 
 23 to 319 of Selections ; there is a 16-page catalogue of Tauoh- 
 nitz books at the end ; and the whole is done up in the usual 
 pale buff printed wrapper. 
 
 Another selection made with authority is that given in the 
 sixth volume of The Poets and the Poetry of the Century, edited 
 by Alfred H. Miles. It was not quite easy to persuade Morris 
 that Sigurd the Volsung, The House of the Wolfings, and The 
 Boots of the Mountains ought to be represented by extracts ; 
 but when I had done my biographical sketch, he waived his 
 objections; and on looking at the book again I cannot but 
 think he did well. The passage taken from Sigurd is not hurt 
 by excision ; while The Tale of the Hauberk, from The Wolfings, 
 and the two songs from The Boots of the Mountains, are per- 
 fectly detachable. The first edition of this volume came out 
 in April 1891 ; and a second (revised) was published in May 
 1896. The title-page of the first edition, which is undated, 
 reads — The/ Poets/ and the/ Poetry/ of the/ Century/ William 
 Morris/ to/ Bohert Buchanan/ Edited by/ Alfred H. Miles/ 
 Hutchinson (£ Co./ 25, Paternoster Square, London; and that of 
 the second is only changed by the alteration of the address to 
 " 34, Paternoster Eow " and the addition of the date " 1896." 
 Both books alike consist of half-title, title, pages iii to xii of 
 preface and " index," a second half-title, and 596 pages of text. 
 
 SUMMARY LIST 
 
 or THE 
 
 :©ool^0 Jssuet) from tbe Ikclmscott press 
 
 WITH THE DATES ON WHICH THEY WEBE FINISHED AND 
 
 THE PAGES OF THE PBESENT VOLUME AT WHICH 
 
 FUETHER PARTICULARS OF THEM MAT BE 
 
 FOUND. 
 
 The Story of the Glittering Plain, 1st edition, 4 April 1891, 
 
 pp. 14, 156. 
 Poems by the Way, 24 September 1891, pp. 15, 158. 
 
220 Appendix. 
 
 The Love Lyrics and Songs of Proteus by Wilfrid Scawen 
 Blunt with the Love Sonnets of Proteus by the same 
 Author now reprinted in their full text with many Sonnets 
 omitted from the earlier Editions, 26 January 1892, p. 160. 
 
 The Nature of Gothic by Euskin, colophon undated, preface 
 dated 16 February 1892, p. 163. 
 
 The Defence of Guenevere &o., 2 April 1892, p. 38. 
 A Dream of John Ball &c., 13 May 1892, p. 139. 
 
 The Golden Legend of Master William Caxton (3 vol. 4to.), 
 12 September 1892, p. 164. 
 
 The Eecuyell of the Historyes of Troye (2 vol. 4to.), 14 October 
 
 1892, p. 164. 
 
 Biblia Innocentium by J. W. Mackail, 22 October 1892, p 164. 
 News from Nowhere, 22 November 1892, p. 160. 
 The History of Eeynard the Foxe, 16 December 1892, p. 164. 
 The Poems of William Shakespeare, 17 January 1893, p. 166. 
 The Order of Chivalry &c., 24 February 1893, p. 166. 
 
 The Life of Cardinal Wolsey by George Cavendish, 30 March 
 
 1893, p. 166. 
 
 The History of Godfrey of Boloyne, 27 April 1893, p. 166. 
 
 Utopia by Sir Thomas More, 4 August 1893, p. 167. 
 
 Maud a Monodrama by Alfred Lord Tennyson, 11 August 
 1893, p. 168. 
 
 Sidonia the Sorceress, translated from Meinhold by Lady 
 Wilde, 16 September 1893, p. 168. 
 
 Gothic Architecture, a Lecture by Morris, Autumn 1893, p. 171. 
 
 Ballads and Narrative Poems by D. G. Eossetti, 14 October 
 1893, p. 172. 
 
 The Tale of King Floras and the Fair Jehane, 16 December 
 
 1893, p. 172. 
 
 The Story of the Glittering Plain, with 23 Pictures by Walter 
 Crane, 13 January 1894, p. 167. 
 
 Sonnets and Lyrical Poems by D. G. Eossetti, 20 February 
 
 1894, p. 172. 
 
 The Poems of John Keats [a Selection], edited by F. S. Ellis, 
 7 March 1894, p. 172. 
 
 Of the Friendship of Amis and Amile, 13 March 1894, p. 172. 
 
 Atalanta in Calydon, a Tragedy made by Algernon Charles 
 Swinburne, 4 May 1894, p. 176. 
 
Kelniscott Pres,'< Publicatioiin. 221 
 
 The Wood beyond the World, 30 May 1894, pp. 15, 177. 
 
 The Tale of the Emperor Coustans &c., 30 August 1894, p. 176. 
 
 The Book of Wisdom and Lies translated by Oliver Wardrop, 
 29 September 1894, p. 181. 
 
 Psalmi Penitentiales, 15 November 1894, p. 181. 
 
 Epistola de Contemptu Mundi di Frate Hieronymo [Savonarola] 
 daFerrara, [edited by Charles Fairfax Murray from an auto- 
 graph manuscript with a portrait of Savonarola designed 
 by the editor and engraved by William H. Hooper,] 30 
 November 1894, p. 181. 
 
 The Tale of Beowulf, 10 January 1895, pp. 15, 81. 
 
 Syr Percivelle of Gales, 16 February 1895, p. 182. 
 
 The Life and Death of Jason, with two woodcuts after Sir E. 
 Burne-Jones, 25 May 1895, p. 50. 
 
 The Story of Child Christopher and Goldilind the Fair, 25 July 
 
 1895, pp. 16, 182. 
 
 The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley, edited by 
 F. G. Blhs, 21 August 1895, pp. 181, 182, 183. 
 
 Hand and Soul, by D. G. Eossetti, 24 October 1895, p. 183. 
 
 Poems chosen out of the Works of Eobert Herrick, edited by 
 F. S. Ellis, 21 November 1895, p. 183. 
 
 Poems chosen out of the Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 
 edited by F. S. Ellis, 5 February 1896, p. 184, 
 
 The Well at the World's End, 2 March 1896, pp. 16, 184, 187-8. 
 The Works of GeofiErey Chaucer, edited by F. S. Ellis, with 86 
 pictures by Sir E. Burne-Jones, 8 May 1896, pp. 17, 189. 
 
 Laudes Beatae Mariae Virginis : Poems " taken from a Psalter 
 written by an English scribe, most likely in one of the 
 Midland counties, early in the 13th century," [printed in 
 black, red, and blue], 7 July 1896, p. 189. 
 
 The Floure and the Leafe &c., edited by F. S. Ellis, 21 August 
 
 1896, p. 189. 
 
 The Earthly Paradise, 8 volumes, Vol. i., 7 May 1896. Vol. viii., 
 10 June 1897, pp. 72-5. 
 
 The Shepheardes Calendar, 14 October 1896, p. 189. 
 
 The Water of the Wondrous Isles, 1 April 1897, p. 190.i 
 
 ^ The remaiuicg five books named- in thia liat had not been delivered when 
 the present volume was " passed for press." 
 
222 Appendix. 
 
 Sire DegravauQt, an Ancieafc English Metrical Eomance with 
 woodcut after Sir E. Burne-Jones. 
 
 Sire Isumbras [companion volume to Sire Degravaunt], with 
 woodcut after Sir B. Burne-Jones. 
 
 Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs, small folio, 
 with two woodcuts after Sir B. Burne-Jones and new 
 borders by Morris, p. 89. 
 
 The Sundering Flood, Morris's last Romance, 8vo., to be bound 
 in half-holland, pp. 16, 191. 
 
 Love is Enough, quarto, Troy type, in black, red, and blue, 
 with a woodcut after Sir B. Burne-Jones, p. 191. 
 
 Kblmscott Pebss Miscellanea. 
 
 Two Specimen Pages of Froissart's Works, with the special 
 armorial border and ornaments designed for this book by 
 William Morris. Folio, printed on vellum [no paper 
 copies], issued to subscribers in the ordinary way. 
 
 Incomplete sheets of the Froissart. 32 copies printed at the 
 Kelmscott Press on Dec. 24, 1896, before the distribution 
 of the type. Not for sale [four folio sheets, with 1 heraldic 
 design by Morris]. 
 
 Incomplete sheet of Sigurd the Volsung. 32 copies printed at 
 the Kelmscott Press on Jan. 11, 1897, before the distri- 
 bution of the type. Not for sale [folio sheet with border 
 and two ornamental letters by Morris], p. 89. 
 
 Laudes Beatae Mariae Virginis : a single leaf bearing a note 
 dated 28th of December 1896, to the effect that the Poems 
 mentioned above were printed in 1579 and ascribed to 
 Stephen Langton. 
 
 Vitas Patrum : Prospectus, Order form and specimen page of 
 a projected reprint of St. Jerome's Lives of the Fathers of 
 the Desert, as translated by Caxton and printed by Wynken 
 de Worde. This was to have been edited by P. S. Ellis, 
 and printed in the golden type uniformly with the Golden 
 Legend. The project was abandoned for want of sub- 
 scribers. 
 
 Mr. William Morris's Productions of the Kelmscott Press : a 
 four-page circular issued by Mr. Quaritch in February 
 1893. The circular, which contains an " appreciation " 
 by Morris of Caxton's " Eecuyell of the Histories of 
 Troye," was not printed at the Kelmscott Press ; but it is 
 
Keliiiscott Press Miscellanea. 223 
 
 scarcely complete without an item which was "to be had 
 on application,"— to- wit, " The Ml Colophon-title and 
 Caxton's preface, as they appear in the Morris edition," 
 — a four-page specimen of the noble quarto, with Morris's 
 colophon set immediately under Caxton's " prologe." 
 
 Prospectus of " Sidonia the Sorceress," 1894, p. 168. 
 
 Kelmscott Press Edition of Chaucer's Works. A letter signed 
 " William Morris " and dated 14 November 1894, announc- 
 ing that there will be over 70 instead of 60 pictures by 
 Sir E. Burne-Jones, and 4'25 instead of 325 copies of the 
 book. 
 
 London County Council. Technical Education Board. Two 
 ornamentally-bordered forms of certificate, (1) as to the 
 granting of junior county scholarships, (2) as to attend- 
 ance at a school of domestic economy. Both have blanks 
 for details to be filled in in manuscript, and spaces for 
 signatures. 
 
 Form of invitation issued by the Hammersmith Socialist 
 Society to an entertainment at Kelmscott House on the 
 30th of January 1892. Two oblong leaves (one blank) 
 4|^ X 3 inches. 
 
 An American Memorial to Keats. Announcement of intention 
 to meet at Hampstead Parish Church and unveil the bust 
 of Keats by Miss Anne Whitney of Boston, Mass. 
 
 An Address " To Sir Lowthian Bell, Baronet, F.E.S., D.C.L., 
 &c. , &c., the Founder of the Firm of Bell Brothers in the 
 year 1844 " (4 leaves 8vo.). 
 
 In Memory of Thomas Sadler, Ph.D. 15 lines of Golden 
 type capitals, set up and printed off as a pattern to be 
 enlarged at 449 Oxford Street, for a mural inscription. 
 
 Paper of Membership for the Ancoats Brotherhood, 1894-5, 
 four pages, namely the Frontispiece of the Kelmscott 
 John Ball, and three pages of extracts from Tennyson and 
 Ruskin . 
 
 Specimen of the Golden Type for the Devinne Press, written 
 by Morris and printed on a single leaf. It starts with an 
 ornamental T, two inches square, initial to the words — 
 " The Kelmscott Press began work in Hammersmith in 
 February 1891." 
 
 Specimen page of the three Kelmscott types for Mr. E. F. 
 ^ir&ng&'s Alphabets (both large and small paper) published 
 by Messrs. George Bell and Sons in their " Ex Libris 
 Series " in 1896. 
 
224 Appendix. 
 
 The Deaconess Institution for the Diocese of Eochester, 83 
 North Side, Clapham Common. Associates' Card. A 
 prayer set in the Troy type within an ornamental border 
 and printed on a card measuring 6^ x 5 inches, folded in 
 two, with the above heading and some Eules printed on 
 the new recto and a Bible text on the verso, — this outside 
 printing in the Chaucer type. 
 
 The catalogues, lists, and mere business announcements of 
 the Press, which are numerous and varied, I have not thought 
 it necessary to mention in detail. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 BILLING AND SONS, FRINTEKS, OUILDFORD.