CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 
 
 ENGLISH COLLECTION 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 JAMES MORGAN HART 
 
 PROFESSOR OK ENGLISH 
 
Cornell University Library 
 PE 279.G82 1885 
 
 Ifilil 
 
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a Cornell University 
 y Library 
 
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 the Cornell University Library. 
 
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 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://archive.org/details/cu31924026469472 
 
A HANDY 
 
 ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY: 
 
 BASED ON 
 
 GROSCHOPP'S GREIN. 
 
 EDITED, EEVISED, AND CORRECTED, 
 
 GRAMM ATICAL APPENDIX, LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS, 
 
 BRIEF ETYMOLOGICAL FEATURES. 
 
 JAMES A. HAEEISON, 
 
 Professor of English and Modern Languages in Washington and Lee Univer- 
 sity, Virginia; 
 
 W. M. BASKEEVILL, Ph.D., Lips., 
 
 Professor of English Language and Literature in Vanderbikt University, 
 Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Copyright, 1885. 
 
 A. S. BARNES & CO., 
 NEW YORK AND CHICAGO. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 In preparing this edition of Groschopp's Revised Grein's Poetical 
 Lexicon op the Anglo-Saxon Language, the editors have worked from 
 advanced sheets, with the express sanction of the German scholar's 
 executors. 
 
 In the course of their work they found it necessary to introduce several 
 new and important features, which, it is hoped, will increase the value of 
 the book as a practical Lexicon, and commend themselves to the students 
 of Anglo-Saxon. These are— 
 
 1. A Grammatical Appendix, intended to convey in brief but explicit form 
 a working Outline of Anglo-Saxon Grammar, such as students often 
 find it convenient to consult in the process of their language studies. 
 
 2. Cognate words from the Icelandic, Gothic, Old High German, and 
 Modern German, intended to show some of the etymological connections 
 of the Anglo-Saxon poetic vocabulary. 
 
 3. A List of the Irregular Verbs occurring in Anglo-Saxon Poetry. 
 
 4. The use of antique type in the definitions of words, by which the 
 modern English derivative may be directly traced to the Anglo-Saxon 
 original. 
 
 Compound words have been separated by hyphens, so as to show their 
 constituent elements. 
 
 While the editors are far from claiming that their American presenta- 
 tion of Groschopp-Grein's work is an Etymological Dictionary, they invite 
 kindly attention to this feature as one helpful to students of Old English. 
 
 At present it is impossible to make a complete Dictionary of the so-called 
 Anglo-Saxon period. Only the poetical monuments havo been carefully 
 edited. The prose of that period is still partly locked up in Mss. Even the 
 prose works of Aelfred and Aelfric are not to be found in complete, trust- 
 worthy editions. Already the Bosworth-Toller Dictionary needs a careful 
 revision, although it is only half finished. Hence the present work will 
 contain only such words as are used in Anglo-Saxon Poetry. It will; how- 
 ever, contain all words in Anglo-Saxon Poetry, and thus afford students of 
 Old English a cheap and handy volume by -means of which any poem of 
 that time can be read and studied. 
 
 In all poetry the diction and the constructions are peculiar; but in 
 Anglo-Saxon as in Icelandic poetry there are special peculiarities. After 
 a student has learned to construe Aelfred and Aelfric with ease, he 1 finds 
 almost as much difficulty in reading Cesdmon and Cynewnlf as in learning 
 a new language. And moreover, as in the beginning of every literature, 
 so here, poetry is far more important than prose. Beowulf will give as 
 much information about the manners and the customs, the life and the 
 religion of the Old English as can be found in all their prose writings; 
 while Genesis, Exodus, Daniel, Elene, and Andreas will show their highest 
 culture under Christian influences and education. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Even in German}', where careful study has long been given to this 
 period of the English langua&e, such a work as the present could not be 
 found till the German edition from which this is adapted recently appeared. 
 It had long been felt that Grein's Lexicon of Anglo-Saxon Poetry (Sprach- 
 scliatz der Angelsachsischen Dichter) was too unhandy and too costly; and, 
 on this account, the publishers of that work engaged Dr. Groschopp to 
 
 t adapt it for more general use. He therefore retained all the words found 
 in Grein's larger work, leaving out only Proper Names and the copious 
 references. Several important changes were at the same time introduced. 
 In Grein's larger work the definitions are given sometimes in Latin, some- 
 times in English, and occasionally in German. In Dr. Groschopp's edition 
 they are given throughout in German. With every substantive is given the 
 manner of its declension, that is, whether strong or weak: verbs are treated 
 in like manner. To ablauting verbs is added the number of the class to 
 which each belongs ; and here * Koch's division has been followed. Then 
 again no difference is made between long and short vowels. Breaking and 
 Diphthongs stand together: se comes after ad; ea and eo after e; and 
 ia, ie, io, after i. Compound verbs are placed under the simple forms ; and 
 Zupitza's method of accentuation is adopted with reference to ea and §o. 
 The Eune wen is reproduced by w instead of by v. 
 
 But it is not intended that this work should be merely a translation from 
 Dr. Groschopp's German edition. In the preparation of the Handy Diction- 
 ary Grein's original work, Bosworth-Toller (as far as completed), Bosworth 
 and other lexical helps have been utilized. Glossaries of certain poems 
 have been especially helpful. Mistakes have been eorreeted,.misprints re- 
 
 . moved, and additional definitions given whenever it was necessary. 
 
 In a short while we hope to add to the texts already published in 
 The Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry, other texts, believing that, if the proper 
 material is furnished, the study of the oldest English will flourish as it 
 should in all our Colleges and Universities. 
 
 JAMES A. HAREISON, 
 
 Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va. 
 
 W. M. BASKEEVILL, 
 
 Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 B. is responsible for the Dictionary from A. to L., and for the Outline of 
 
 Anglo-Saxon Grammar. H. is responsible for the Dictionary from L. to Z., 
 
 and for the List of Irregular Verbs. 
 
 * Koch's system will be found in the Outline of Anglo-Saxon Grammar, p. 255. 
 
 m. masculine. 
 
 /. feminine. 
 
 n. neuter. 
 
 w. weak. 
 ■st. strong. 
 
 w. v. weak verb. 
 , st. aM. v. strong ab- 
 lauting verb. 
 
 st. red. v. strong re- 
 duplicating verb. 
 
 adj. adjective. 
 
 ABBKEVIATIONS. 
 
 pron. pronoun. 
 subs, substantive. 
 num. numeral. 
 adv. adverb. 
 part, participle. 
 interj. interjection. 
 compar. comparative. 
 super!, superlative. 
 instr. instrumental. 
 to., with. 
 ind. indicative. 
 
 subj. subjunctive. 
 
 i taper, imperative. 
 
 Goth., Gothic. [man. 
 
 0. H. Ger., Old High Ger- 
 
 Ger., German. 
 
 Scan., Scandinavian. 
 
 Ieel., Icelandic. 
 
 B.-T., Bosworth-Toller's 
 
 Anglo-Saxon Dictionary. 
 H.-S., Harrison & Sharp*'s 
 
 Edition of Beowulf. ' 
 
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE DICTIONARY. 
 
 The following abbreviations refer 
 
 to poems in Great's IUbUolhek (Libra- 
 ry of Anglo-Saxon Poetry): — 
 
 lE\f. Tod. Poem on the Death of Al- 
 fred, son of Ethelred, given in the 
 Chronicle under the year 1036. 
 
 .SS&elst. Poem on the victory of 
 Athelstan, taken from the Chronicle. 
 
 Aim: Almosen, from the Codex 
 Exoniensis, p. 467. 
 
 An. The legend of St. Andrew. 
 
 Ap. The fates of the Apostles,from 
 the Codex Vereellensis. 
 
 Az. Azarias, from the Codex Exo- 
 niensis, p. 185. 
 
 B. Beowulf. 
 
 Bo. Botschaft des Gemahls, from 
 the Codex Exoniensis, p. 472. 
 
 By. The Death of Byrhtnoth. 
 
 Cra. Manna Crseftas, from the Co- 
 dex Exoniensis, p. 292. 
 
 Cri. Cynewulfs Crist, from the Co- 
 dex Exoniensis, p. 1. 
 
 Dan. Daniel, in Thorpe's Ca^dmon, , 
 p. 216. 
 
 Deor. Deors Klage, from Codex 
 Exoniensis, p. 377. 
 
 DSm. D6mes dasg, from Codex Ex- 
 oniensis, p. 445. 
 
 Edg. Eadgar: poems from the 
 Chronicle,under the years 973,975. 
 
 Elm. Eadmund,from the Chronicle, 
 under the year 942. 
 
 Edw. Eadweard, from the Chron- 
 icle, under the year 1065. 
 
 El. Elene, from the Codex Vereel- 
 lensis. 
 
 Exod. Exodus,in Thorpe's Csedmon, 
 p. 177. 
 
 Pa. Fasder larewidas, in Codex Ex- 
 oniensis, p. 300. 
 
 Pin. The Fight at Einnsburg. 
 
 Gen. Genesis, in Thorpe's Caedmon, 
 p. 1. 
 
 G-n. G. Versus gnomici (Cotton MS). 
 
 Gn. Ex. Versus gnomici, from Co- 
 dex Exoniensis, p. 333. 
 
 Gu. Legend of St. Guthlac, from 
 Codex Exoniensis, p. 104. 
 
 Ho. Hollenfahrt Christi, from Co- 
 dex Exoniensis, p. 459. 
 
 Hy. Hymnen und Gebete. 
 
 Jud. The Poem of Judith. 
 
 Jul. The Legend of St. Juliana, in 
 Codex Exoniensis, p. 242. 
 
 Ki. Klage der Frau, in Codex Exo- 
 niensis, p. 442. 
 
 Kr. Das heilige Kreuz, from the 
 Codez Vereellensis. 
 
 Leas. Bi manna lease, from the Co- 
 dex Vereellensis. 
 
 Men. Menologium. 
 
 Met. The Meters of Alfred. 
 
 Mod. Manna mod, in the Codex Ex- 
 oniensis, p. 313. 
 
 Pa. Panther, in the Codex Exonien- 
 sis, p. 355. 
 
 Ph. Phonix, in the Codex Exonien- 
 sis, p. 197. 
 
 Pilar. Pharao, in the Codex Exoni- 
 ensis, p. 468. 
 
 Ps. Psalms, frpm Thorpe's Edition. 
 
 Ps. C. The 50th psalm, from one of 
 the Cotton MSS. 
 
 Ra. Riddles from the Codex Exoni- 
 ensis. 
 
 Reb. Eebhuhn, from the Codex 
 Exoniensis, p. 365. 
 
 Reim. Eeimlied, from the Codex 
 Exoniensis, p. 352. 
 
 Ruin. Kuine, from the Codex Exo- 
 niensis, p. 476. 
 
 Run. Biinenlied, in Archffiologia, 
 vol. 28. 
 
 Sal. Salomo und Saturn. 
 
 Sat. Crist und Satan, in Thorpe's 
 Csedmon, p. 265. 
 
 Seef. Seefahrer, in the Codex Ex- 
 oniensis, p. 306. 
 
 Seel. Reden der Seelen, in the Co- 
 dex Exoniensis, p. 367. 
 
 Sen. Wunder der Schopfung, in the 
 Codex Exoniensis, p. 346. 
 
 Wid. Vidsid, in Codex Exoniensis, 
 p. 318. 
 
 Wy. Manna wyrde, in Codex Exo- 
 niensis, p. 327. 
 
 Wal. Walfiseh, in Codex Exonien- 
 sis, p. 360. 
 
 Wand. Wanderer, in Codex Exo- 
 niensis, p. 286 
 
ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY. 
 
 §., adv. aye, 1. always. — 2. ever, for- 
 ever. 
 
 a (= ae), st. f. law. 
 
 av, (Qer. er-, O. H. Ger. »»■-, same as 
 ut-, Goth. s*2-). 
 
 abal, st. n. strength. (O. H. Ger. 
 aval.) 
 
 a-bylgnes, st. f. offense, wrong. 
 
 a-byligd, st. f. anger, indignation. 
 
 ac, ach, ah, conj. 1. but, sed. — 2. but 
 also, but yet; sed tamen, sed 
 etiam. (Goth. a]c.) 
 
 ao, interrog.particle,not ? why, where- 
 fore, nonne, numquid. 
 
 2c, st. m. oak; and name of the 
 Rune a : a ship made of oak, 
 Bun. 25, 4. (Ger. eiche.) 
 
 ac-, ach. See ag-, ac. 
 
 aolian, ic. v. 
 
 ge-aclian, to frighten, excite. 
 
 acol, adj. frightened, terrified, ex- 
 cited by fear. 
 
 acol-mod, adj. of a fearful mind, 
 timid. 
 
 acsian, acsigan, w. v. to ask, in- 
 quire, demand. 
 
 ac-treo, st. n. oak-tree. 
 
 Sd, st. m. funeral-pile, fire. (Goth. 
 aiths; Ger. eid.) 
 
 adela, w. m. dirt, filth; cp. addle- 
 pool. (N. Ger. adel.) 
 
 adesa, w. m. adze. 
 
 ad-faru, st. f. way, path to the fu- 
 neral-pile. 
 
 ad-fyr, st. n. pile-fire, fire of the 
 funeral-pile. 
 
 Sdl, st.f. disease, sickness, 
 adle, w. f. disease, sickness, 
 ad-leg, st. m. flame of the funeral- 
 pile, 
 ad-loma, w. m. one crippled by 
 
 the fire ; fire-lame. 
 ctdl-wgrig, adj. weary with sickness. 
 adl-]?racu, st. f. force or virulenoe 
 
 of disease, 
 ad-wylm. See edwylm. 
 ae, st. f. life. Az. 165. 
 se, indecl. 1. law, right. — 2. marriage. 
 
 3. religious usage, rite, ceremony. 
 
 (Ger. ehe.) 
 se, interj. See §a. 
 ee-bebod, st. n. injunction of the 
 
 law; command. 
 se-boda, w. m. messenger, preacher 
 
 of the law. 
 se-bylg, st. n. anger, wrath, indigna- 
 tion, 
 se-bylgd, st. n. f. offense, fault, 
 
 wrong. 
 se-bylignes, st. f. state or condition 
 
 of being angry; anger, wrath. 
 aecer, st. m. acre, field, sown land. 
 
 (Ger. acker.) 
 sec-lseca. See aglseca. 
 ce-craeft, st. m. lawcraft, knowledge 
 
 of the law, religion. 
 Ee-ci aeftig, adj. law-crafty, skilled in 
 
 the law. 
 eedr, sedre, edre, st. & w. f. artery, 
 
 blood-vein, vein; — vein of fresh 
 
 water, fountain, river, stream. 
 
 (Ger. ader.) 
 
8 
 
 aedre — eeghwaer 
 
 aedre, edre, adv. 1. at once, forth- 
 with.— 2. fully, entirely. Gu. 1172, 
 1351. 
 33-fest, -fest, adj. firm in observing 
 the law; pious, upright, religious. 
 
 sefen, asfyn, efen, st. n. the even, 
 evening, eventide. (Ger. abend.) 
 
 Eefeu-glom, st. m. even-gloom, twi- 
 light, gloaming. 
 
 asfen-grom, adj. fierce at eve, night- 
 enemy. (B.-T.) 
 
 asfen-grom, st. m. evening guard; 
 one that watches at night. (Grein.) 
 
 asfen-lac, st. n. evening sacrifice, 
 evening prayer. 
 
 asfen-leoht, st. n. evening light. 
 
 88fen-leod, st. ri. evening song. 
 (Ger. abend-lied.) 
 
 aefen-raest, st.f. evening rest. [hard. 
 
 asfen-sceop, st. m. evening singer, 
 
 asfen-scima, w. m. evening shimmer, 
 evening splendor. 
 
 asfen-sprasc, st. f. evening speech, 
 a speech made in the evening. 
 
 sefen-steorra, -stdorra, w. m. evening 
 star, Hesperus. 
 
 asfen-tid, st. f. eventide, evening. 
 
 ae-fest. See aefaest. 
 
 asfest, asfst, aefstu, st. f. n.t without 
 favor, envy, hate, zeal, jealousy, 
 enmity. (Ger. ab-gunst.) 
 
 aef-grynde, st. n. abyss. (Ger. ab- 
 grund. ) 
 
 sefiaii, «?. y. to be in a colorless or 
 miserable condition (Leo) Cri.1357. 
 
 asf-last, st m. a departure from the 
 way? Exod. 473. 
 
 aef-nan, w. v. to do, perform, accom- 
 plish, perfect. 
 
 ge-aefnan, 1. to accomplish, per- 
 fect, do, make. — 2. prepare, get 
 ready. B. 3106. — 3. effect, excite, 
 bring upon one's self. Gu. 1211. — 
 4. bear, suffer, endure. 
 
 asfre, adv. 1. ever — 2. always. 
 
 Ee-fremmend, part, fulfilling the 
 law; religious. 
 
 aefst, eefstu. See aefest. 
 asft. See eft. 
 
 seftan, adv. behind, from behind, 
 aaftan-weard, adj. behind, in the 
 
 rear, following. 
 asftan-tid, st. f. eventide, evening. 
 
 aefter, I. prep. 1. w. dat. (a.) local: 
 after, long, along, through, over, 
 = geond. (b.) temporal: after, 
 through, throughout, during, (c.) 
 causal: (showing purpose and con- 
 sequence),^ consequence of,after, 
 according to, on account of, for the 
 purpose of,after,about (with verbs 
 of saying, speaking, asking, &c.) — 
 2. w. ace. after, according to. 
 
 aefter, II. adv. after, then, after- 
 ward, thereupon, later. 
 
 asftera, aeftra, w. compar. adj. the 
 hinder, other, second. 
 
 aefter-lSan, st. n. after-loan, reward, 
 recompense, restitution. 
 
 aefter-weard, adj. afterward,, be- 
 hind, in the rear, following, [age. 
 
 aefter-yld, st. f. advanced age, old 
 
 aeftra. See asftera. 
 
 asf-panca, -ponca, w. m. enmity, in- 
 sult, offense, hate, envy, displeas- 
 ure, jealousy. 
 
 sef-punca, w. m. the same as the 
 above. 
 
 33-fyllend, part, fulfilling the law, 
 faithful. 
 
 *g, st. n.; pi. aagru, egg. (Ger. ex.) 
 
 asg-lasc, -lseoa. See Sg-. 
 
 asg-flota, w. m. a floater on the water, 
 a ship. 
 
 asg-hwanan, -hwonon, adv. every- 
 where, from all sides. 
 
 aeg-hwa, pron. every one, every- 
 thing. The gen. n. is often used 
 adverbially = at all, in general, al- 
 together, quite, entirely. 
 
 asg-hwasr, adv. 1. everywhere.— 2. in 
 every way, in every respect. — 3. in 
 every direction. Ka. 41, 69.-4. any- 
 where. Ps. 102, 15. 
 
wglrwaeder — semen 
 
 feg-hwceder, abg-der, pron. 1. each 
 (of two), either, both; eeghwae- 
 der-ge, as well — as also, both — 
 and. — 2. each (of several). B. 1636. 
 
 eeg-hwider, adv. in all directions, on 
 every side, in every way. 
 
 Eeg-lrwilc, -hwelc, -hwylc, pron. 
 every, whosoever, whatsoever, all, 
 every one. 
 
 se-gleaw, orf/.skilled in the law; wise. 
 
 segue. See 3gen. 
 
 aegnian, w. v. to frighten, disquiet, 
 vex, torment. 
 
 asgder. See aeghwaeder. 
 
 seg-weard, st.f. sea- ward; guardian- 
 ship over the sea. 
 
 se-gype, adj. mocking ? scoffing ? Ps. 
 106,10.— trifling, worthless. (B.-T.) 
 
 cent, st.f. deliberation, council. 
 
 sent, st.f. pursuit. B. 2957. — others ; 
 persecution, hostility. (Ger. aclit.) 
 
 tent, st. f. 1. possessions, property, 
 riches, goods. — 2. possession, 
 power. (Goth, aihts.) 
 
 aehtan, w. v. 
 
 ge-aehtan, to value, prize, speak 
 of with praise. 
 
 asht-gesteald, st. n. possession. 
 
 aeht-gestreon, st. n. possessions, 
 riches. 
 
 aeht-geweald, st. f. power of pos- 
 session, firm possession, the right 
 to do with a thing as one pleases ; 
 right, possession, power. 
 
 eeht-spedig, adj. wealthy, rich. 
 
 aeht-wela, w. m. wealth, riches. 
 
 seht-welig, adj. wealthy, rich. 
 
 c%-hw3er = 3hwEer, atfceverywhere. 
 
 ee-laerend, part. & subs, a teacher of 
 law or faith. 
 
 selan, w. v. 1. to set on fire, kindle, 
 consume. — 2. burn, blaze (up), 
 m-selan, to set on fire, kindle, 
 on-aelan, to set on fire, kindle. 
 
 aBl-beorht(aell-), adj. all bright, shin- 
 ing on all sides. 
 
 selo, pron. each, every, any, all. 
 
 asl-ceald, adj. all cold, everywhere, 
 altogether cold. 
 
 cel-craeftig, adj. all-crafty, all-mighty, 
 all-powerful. 
 
 aeld, asldu, st. f. age, a century, gen- 
 eration, old age. 
 
 aelde, st. m. pi. men, human beings. 
 
 aeldran, corn-par. w. m. pi. parents. 
 
 aeldu. See aeld. 
 
 seled, st. m. fire, firebrand, conflagra- 
 tion. (O. N. eldr.) 
 
 eeled-fyr, st. n. flame of fire, fire. 
 
 aMed-leoma, w. m. firebrand, torch, 
 gleaming fire. 
 
 aslf, ylf, st. m. & /. elf, fairy, goblin, 
 nymph. (Ger. elf, elbe.) 
 
 Eel-faele, adj. all fell, thoroughly bad, 
 very baleful. 
 
 ael-faer, -fer, st. f. the whole army. 
 (Grein, lelfaru.) 
 
 aslf-scin, adj. shining like an elf or a 
 fairy, elfin-bright. 
 
 self-sciene, -scyne, adj. beautiful as 
 an elf, of elfin beauty. 
 
 ael-fylce, st. n. 1. strange land, for- 
 eign land. — 2. foreign band,hostile 
 army, enemy. 
 
 ael-grene, adj. all green, on all sides 
 green. 
 
 eeling, st. f. burning. 
 
 ael-mehtig. See aslmeahtig. 
 
 aelme3-georn, adj. giving alms will- 
 ingly, benevolent, liberal. 
 
 aelmesse, aelmysse, w.f. alms, alms- 
 giving, benefit. 
 
 asl-meaht, -miht, adj. almighty. 
 
 ael-meahtig, -mehtig, -mihtig, adj. 
 almighty. 
 
 aelmysse. See aelmesse. 
 
 ael-J>§odig, adj. strange, foreign. 
 
 ael-wiht, st. n.f. 1. a being of another 
 kind, monster. — 2. all created 
 things, creature. 
 
 86-mea, adj. depopulated, uninhab- 
 ited. 
 
10 
 
 semetan — eergod 
 
 aemetan, semetian, aemtian, w. v. to 
 be at leisure, be vacant, be mod- 
 erate, refrain from. 
 
 sene, adv. 1. once.— 2. alone, ace. 
 instr. sg. m. See £n. 
 
 Senga (=Snga), w. adj. sole, only? 
 Sal. 382. 
 
 aenge, adj. narrow, anxious, troubled. 
 
 aenge, adt'.narrowly,anxiously,sadly; 
 
 aengel. See engel. 
 
 eenig, pron. any, one, any one. 
 
 Eeninga, adv. continually, uninter- 
 ruptedly,of necessity, by all means. 
 
 sen-lie, adj. only, incomparable, ex- 
 cellent, beautiful, elegant. 
 
 Eemie, ace. sg. m. See an. 
 
 aepl, aeppel, eapl, (Sat. 411), st. m. 1. 
 apple, fruit generally. — 2. some- 
 thing round, a round object, ball. 
 (Ger. apfel.) 
 
 sepled, aeppled, adj. appled, shaped 
 like an apple, made into balls or 
 bosses. [orchard. 
 
 eeppel-bearu, st. m. a fruit-garden, 
 
 eeppel-fealu , adj. apple-fallow, yellow 
 like an apple, reddish-yellow. 
 
 eer, I. conj. w. ind. & subj. ere, be- 
 fore, — used also eorrelatively with 
 eer, adv. — II. prep. 10. dat. before. 
 III. adv. 1. ere, before, sooner, 
 earlier, — no by eer. See py. — 
 2. early, betimes, premature. (Ger. 
 eher.) 
 
 eer, st. n. brass. 
 
 eer = ar, st. f. honor. See eerfeest, 
 eerleast. 
 
 ser-adl, st.f. early disease. Gu. Ex.31. 
 
 eer-boren,jparf. the earlier born,first- 
 born. 
 
 eer-cwide, sJ.ro.old saying, prophecy. 
 
 eer-deeg, st. m. early day, early morn. 
 In the pi. former days, olden time. 
 
 eer-d@ad, st m. early death. 
 
 eerdon, By. 191 : Wiilcker = reedon. 
 See reedan ; Grein = eerndon, from 
 aernan, to run. 
 
 eeren, adj. brazen, made of brass. 
 (Ger. ehern.) 
 
 serend-boc, st. f. message, letter. 
 
 eerende, st. n. errand, message, tid- 
 ings, business, care. 
 
 eerend-gast, st. m. a message-bring- 
 ing spirit, angel. 
 
 eerend-gewrit, stn.written message, 
 letter, epistle. 
 
 eerendian, w. v. to take or carry a 
 message, news, tidings. 
 
 eerend-raca, w. m. messenger, am- 
 bassador, apostle, angel. 
 
 serend-seog, st. m. messenger, am- 
 bassador, apostle, angel. 
 
 eerend-spreec, st. /. message, verbal 
 message. 
 
 serest. See eerist. 
 
 serest, eerost, super]. 1. adj. the first, 
 erst. — 2. adv. & uninflected adj. at 
 first, before all, first of all; also 
 w. gen.pl. (Ger. der erste, &e.) 
 
 eer-feeder, st.,m. deceased father,late 
 father. 
 
 eer-faest,a<7;'.honorable,gracious,mer- 
 ciful, (Ger. ehrfest.) 
 
 eer-gesedd, part, furnished with 
 brazen scabbard, with brazen cov- 
 ering, sheathed in brass (Gro- 
 schopp); — brass-shod, shod with 
 brass, sere calceatus. Grein,B.-T. 
 
 cer-gestreon, st. n. old treasure, pos- 
 sessions dating from old times, 
 riches accumulated in olden time. 
 
 eer-geweorc, st. n. an ancient work, 
 work of the olden time. 
 
 efer-gewinn, st. n. former pains,labor, 
 an ancient struggle. 
 
 eer-gewyrht, st. n. former work, deed 
 of old, a work done formerly. 
 
 eer-glaed, adj. brass-bright, gleaming 
 in brazen arms. 
 
 eer-g6d, adj. good above others, of 
 prime goodness (Grein, B.-T.); 
 good in honors, well furnished 
 with dignity and advantages (Leo)- 
 
cerxht — setren 
 
 11 
 
 good since old times, long invested 
 with dignity or advantages. (Har- 
 rison & Sharp.) 
 
 aa-riht, st. n. law-right, faith, belief. 
 
 spring, st. f. early dawn, daybreak, 
 early morning. 
 
 se-rest, -rist, st. f. 1. resurrection, 
 awakening, rising up. — 2. origin, 
 relation to the beginning ? B.2157. 
 (Goth, urrists.) 
 
 asr-least, -lest, st. f. dishonor, dis- 
 graceful deed, impiety. 
 
 ser-mergen, st. m. early morning,day- 
 break. 
 
 asr-morgen, st. m. early morning, 
 daybreak. 
 
 asm. See era. 
 
 geror, asrror, asrur, compar. 1. adv. 
 earlier, before, formerly. — 2. prep, 
 w. dat. before, sooner than. 
 
 eerra, compar. adj. earlier, former. 
 
 asr-sceaft, st. f. what was wrought in 
 former times, old work, ancient 
 building. 
 
 aer-wela, w. m. ancient wealth, riches 
 from the olden time. 
 
 ser-woruld, st. f. the former world, 
 old world. (Cf. Ger. Ur-welt.) 
 
 ass, st. >i. carcass,carrion, food, meat. 
 (Ger. aas.) 
 
 assc, st. in. ash. 1. ash-tree; and name 
 for the Kune ae. — 2. ash-spear; 
 lance, spear made of ash. — 3. a 
 vessel made of ash. — 4. a small 
 ship, skiff. (O. H. Ger. asc.) 
 
 aesc-berend, part. & siibs. ash-spear 
 bearer, lance-bearer. 
 
 aesce, w.f. ashes. 
 
 aesc-here, st. m. a spear-bearing 
 army. 
 
 aesc-holt, st. ii. ash wood, ashen 
 shaft, lance. 
 
 assc-plega, w. m. play of spears, 
 battle. 
 
 assc-rof, adj. renowned in the battle 
 of spears, able in battle, illus- 
 trious. 
 
 assc-stgde, st. f. firmness, constancy 
 in battlo. (Grein.) 
 
 aesc-stede, st. m. place of trial (Leo); 
 ash-spear place, place of battle 
 (B.-T.) M6d. 17. [war. 
 
 aesc-tir, st. m. spear-glory, glory in 
 
 aesc-pracu, st. /. stress of spears; 
 battle. 
 
 aesc-wlga, w. m. a spear- warrior, 
 warrior. 
 
 se-springe, -sprynge, st. m. 1. water- 
 spring, fountain. — 2. what is yet 
 to spring forth, yet to happen, fate, 
 destiny. Sch. 77. 
 
 aB-swic, st.m. offense,scandal,shame, 
 infamy, disgrace. 
 
 aet, I. prep. 1. w.dat.(a.) local : where ? 
 at, near, by, in, on, upon, with, in 
 respect to, as to; — with verbs of 
 taking,from,away from. Whither? 
 to, toward, at, on.— (6.) temporal: 
 at, at the time of, near, in, on, to. — 
 (c.) causal: at, to. — 2. w. ace. to, 
 unto, up to, as far as,into. — II. adv. 
 at, to, near. 
 
 set, st. m. 1. food, meat. — 2. feeding, 
 eating. (O. H. Ger. de.) 
 
 aet-fele, adhesion, Ps. 72, 23, mihi 
 autem adhserere deo.(Grein,B.-T.); 
 devoting, dedicating; adhering? 
 (Groschopp. ) 
 
 aet-foran, prep. w. dat. before, in the 
 presence of. 
 
 aet-gaedere, -gaedre, adv. united, to- 
 gether, at the same time. 
 
 set-gifa, -geofa, w. m. food-giver, 
 nourisher. 
 
 aet-graepe, adj. laying hold of, grab- 
 bing at, seizing ; w.weorpan = to 
 seize. 
 
 aet-hwa, pron. each. Pa. 15. 
 
 aet-hwega, adv. to a certain degree, 
 tolerably, somewhat, a little. 
 
 aet-hwon, adv. almost, nearly. 
 
 setor-cyn, st. n. poisonous kind. 
 
 astren, aattren, settem, eetU yu , adj. 
 poisonous, poisoned. (Qrev.eiterig.') 
 
12 
 
 cetremnod — agleeca 
 
 retren-mod, adj. veriom-minded, sly, 
 
 cunning, deceitful. 
 aet-rihte, -ryhte, adj. right at, near, 
 
 present. 
 set-rihte, adv. almost, nearly. 
 ast-samne, -somne (et-), adv. united, 
 
 at once, together. 
 aet-stael, st. m. aid, assistance 
 
 (Grein); station, camp-station 
 
 (B.-T.) 
 sst-steall, st. m. standing face to 
 
 face with hostile intent, hostile 
 
 opposition (Grein); camp-station 
 
 (B.-T.) 
 cettrea, cettryn. See setren. 
 cet-wela, w. m. wealth of food, supply 
 
 of food ; food, 
 eet-wist, st. f. presence, existence, 
 
 substance, sustenance. 
 *dan, Sdan, w. v. to lay waste, dev- 
 astate. 
 a-asdan, to make desolate, lay 
 
 waste. 
 aedel = cedel. See 6del. 
 aedel-cund, adj. of noble origin, 
 
 noble. 
 sedel-cyning, st. m. the noble king, 
 
 Christ. 
 sedel-dugud, st. f. noble eomitatus, 
 
 attendance, fellowship. 
 asdele, edele, adj. noble, noble-mind- 
 ed, excellent, illustrious, vigorous, 
 
 famous. (Ger. cdcl.) 
 asdelian, w. v. (Ger. edeln.) 
 
 ge-aedelian, to ennoble, make il- 
 lustrious, improve. 
 uii-asdelian, to degrade, debase. 
 asdeling, st. m. a man of noble birth, 
 
 noble, prince, God, Christ, man; — 
 
 pi. men, people. 
 edel-lc (= cedel-llc), adj. noble, 
 
 excellent, 
 cedel-nes, st. f. nobility, excellence. 
 sedel-stenc, st. m. noble odor, sweet 
 
 smell. 
 asdel-tungol. st. «.. noble star. 
 
 asdelu, asdelo, St. f. & st. n. pi. noble 
 qualities, especially of the mind: 
 talents,genius,nature,noble origin, 
 nobility, descent, origin, noble de- 
 scendants, family, race. (Ger. 
 adel.) 
 
 ffldm, gdm, st. m. breath, breathing, 
 vapor. (Ger. athcm.) 
 
 aVwan, w. v. to despise, scorn, con- 
 temn. 
 
 ee-welm, st. m. spring, fountain, 
 source, beginning. 
 
 sewiscst/. offense, shame,disgrace, 
 dishonor. (Goth, aiifisls.) 
 
 Eewisc-m6d, adj. ashamed, cast 
 down in mind, disgraced, op- 
 pressed. 
 
 se-wita, w. m. one acquainted with 
 the law, a law-expert, counselor. 
 
 aex, st. f. an ax, hatchet. (Ger. axt.) 
 
 afara, -era, -ora. See eafora. 
 
 afor, adj. grim, dire, rough, impet- 
 uous, strong. 
 
 Sgan, v. pret.-pres., pret. ind. sg. 1. 
 3. ah. — 2. ahst; pi. agon, Sgaii, 
 Sgim ; subj. sg. age ; pi. Sgen, agon 
 (Ps. 108, 27); pret. ahte, to have, 
 possess, own (older form owe), 
 (Goth, aigan.) 
 
 Sge, iv. f. possessions, property. 
 Sat. 147. 
 
 Sgen, adj. own, peculiar, proper. 
 
 Sgend, part. & subs, owner, possessor," 
 lord, master. 
 
 tgend-frSa, w. m. owner, possessor, 
 lord;— to. f. mistress. Gen. 2237. 
 
 Sg-lac, -lasc, st. in. trouble, misery, 
 pressure, misfortune, sharp fight- 
 ing, bitter hostility. 
 
 SglSc-had, st. m. misery-hood, state 
 or condition causing sadness or 
 affliction. 
 
 ag-heca, -lsecea, -lgca (ah-, eeg-, ac-) 
 to. m. bringer of trouble, evil spirit, 
 demon, monster, devil; — great 
 hero, mighty warrior. 
 
; — ancorbend 
 
 13 
 
 ag- (So-) laec-craeft, st. m. evil, de- 
 structive art. 
 
 aglsec-wif, st. n. female monster,de- 
 struetion-bringing woman. 
 
 agnian, w. v. to appropriate, possess, 
 prove or claim as one's own. (Ger. 
 eignen.) 
 ge-agnian, same as the above. 
 
 agof=agob, transposition of the 
 word boga. Ea. 24, 1. 
 
 ah, ah-, ah. See ac-, ag-, agan. 
 
 a-hafenes, st.f. a lifting up, elevation. 
 
 alisian, w. v. 1. to ask, to demand. — 
 2. to obtain, experience, endure. 
 
 ge-ahsian, to find out by asking, 
 get by hearsay. 
 
 ahst. See agan. 
 
 aht (= awiht), st.n. aught, anything, 
 something. 
 
 ante. See agan. 
 
 a-hwaer, adv. anywhere, everywhere ; 
 — used specially in negative sen- 
 tences. 
 
 a-hwsergen, adv. same as the above. 
 
 a-hwaeder, pron. some one, some- 
 thing, any one. 
 
 al. See eal. 
 
 alan, st. abl, v. IV. to nourish, pro- 
 duce. (Goth, alan.) 
 
 of-alan, to take away, diminish. 
 Eeim. 24. 
 . aid, aldor. See eald, ealdor. 
 
 alet, st. m. fire. 
 
 algian, alh, all. See ealgian, ealh, 
 eal. 
 
 a-lihting, st.f. illumination, enlight- 
 ening. 
 
 almaegen, -wealda, -wight. See eal-. 
 
 2-lysend, part.& subs, redeemer, de- 
 liverer. (Cf. Ger. erloser.) 
 
 a-lysing, st. f. redemption. (Ger. 
 erlosung. ) 
 
 a-lysne3, st. f. redemption. 
 
 3m, st. m. weaver's beam, yarn-beam. 
 Ea. 36, 8 (Grein) ; the reed or slay 
 of a weaver's loom. (B.-T.) 
 
 ambeht, -biht, -bieht, -byht (an-, 
 
 om-, on-), st. n. office, service, com- 
 mand, commission. 
 
 ambeht (with same parallel forms), 
 st. «(. servant, serving-man. 
 
 ambeht-h$ra, w. m. servant, obedient 
 servant, bond-slave. 
 
 ambeht-maecg, st. in. serving-man, 
 servant. 
 
 ambeht-scealc, st. m. same as above. 
 
 ambeht-secg, st. m. same as above. 
 
 ambeht-begn, st. m. same as above. 
 
 an. See umian. 
 
 an. I. prep. w. dat. & ace. in, on, 
 among, with respect to, into, to 
 (frequently separated from the 
 word governed). See on. — II. adv. 
 away, forth? Met. 20, 30. 
 
 an, num. st. & w. 1. one, a certain 
 one of many, an only one.. — 2. a, an, 
 — almost in the sense of our so- 
 called indefinite article. — 3. alone, 
 only, sole. — 4. alone, sole, unique, 
 distinguished, excellent. — 5. alone, 
 lonely, solitary. — 6. gen. pi. anra, 
 in connection with pronouns, — 
 single, each, every, all. — 7. on Sn, 
 in one, in accordance with, once 
 for all, continually, ever. — 8. un- 
 infected in Sn-forlsetan, to leave 
 alone, leave, give up, forsake, re- 
 linquish. 
 
 an-ad, st. n. waste, desert, solitude. 
 (Ger. einode.) 
 
 an-bid, st. n. expectation, hope,await- 
 ing. 
 
 anbiht, -bieht, -byht. See ambeht. 
 
 an-boren, part, only born, only be- 
 gotten. 
 
 an-broce, w. /.wood, timber, building 
 material. El. 1029. 
 
 an-buend, part. & subs, lone dweller, 
 hermit, anchorite. 
 
 an-cenned, part, only begotten. 
 
 anoor, oncor, st. m. anchor. (Ger. 
 anlcer. From Gr. ayuvpa. ) 
 
 ancor-bend, st. m. anchor -band, 
 anchor-rope. 
 
14 
 
 ancorrap — anfeald 
 
 ancor-rap, st. m. anchor-rope, cable. 
 
 and, ond, conj. and. 
 
 and, prep. l.ic.dat.(in numbers), with. 
 II. w. ace. over, against, with, into, 
 on, before. (O. H. Ger. ant-, int-. 
 Ger. ent-.) 
 
 anda, onda, w. m. grudge, anger, hate, 
 envy, jealousy, discontent, excite- 
 ment, vexation, horror, an endeav- 
 or to hurt. (0. H..GeT.anado,anto.) 
 
 an-dasge, adj. for one day. 
 
 and-bld, si. «. hope, expectation. 
 
 and-cwis, st. f. answer. 
 
 andettan, -etan, ondetan, w. v. to 
 confess, acknowledge. 
 
 msegen- andettan, earnestly, 
 strongly to confess. 
 
 andet-nes,s£./.acknowledgment, con- 
 fession. 
 
 and-feng, st. m. a taking up, a re- 
 ceiving, defense. Sat. 245. 
 
 and-fenga, -fengea, -fencgea (ond-), 
 ip. m. one that undertakes a thing, 
 taker-up, defender, receiver, har- 
 borer. [fit. 
 
 and-fenge, adj. aeceptable,approved, 
 
 and-fenge, -fencge, st.m. undertaker, 
 defender, protector. 
 
 and-gete, adj. open, plain, manifest, 
 clear, easily recognized. 
 
 and-git, -giet, -gyt (ond-), st. n. in- 
 sight, perception, intellect, under- 
 standing, knowledge. 
 
 and-gite, -giete (ond-), w. /. same 
 as the above. 
 
 andgiet-tacen, st. n. a sensible token, 
 a sign by which something is rec- 
 ognized, sign, token. 
 
 and-lang, -long (ond-), adj. along, 
 continuous, whole, entire, through- 
 out, extended, ail-along. (Ger. 
 entlaug.) 
 
 and-lata? Cri. 1436. 
 
 and-lean (ond-), st. n. retribution,re- 
 taliation, like for like. 
 
 and-leofa,»-. m. recreation, refection, 
 food? Sat. 522. 
 
 and-leofen,-lifen, st.f. food, nourish- 
 ment. 
 
 and-raca, w. m. servant, represent- 
 ative? deputy? Exod. 15. (and- 
 saca ms.) 
 
 andrysnllc. See ondrysnllo. 
 
 and-rysno (ond-), st. f. what is to be 
 considered, the becoming, due at- 
 tention, etiquette. (Grein, Heyne, 
 &c.) 
 
 an-drysno (on-), st. f. fear, awe, 
 reverence. (B.-T.) 
 
 and-saca (ond-), w. m. adversary^ 
 enemy, denier, apostate. 
 
 and-saec (ond-), st.f. n.t contention, 
 denial, refusal, resistance, strife. 
 
 and-slyht (ond-). See hand-slyht. 
 
 and-swam (ond-), st.f. answer, ac- 
 costing, reply, address. 
 
 and-weard, adj. present, lying over 
 against, standing over against, op- 
 posite to, against. (O. H. Ger. ant- 
 wart. ) 
 
 andweard-lic, adj. present, actually 
 present. 
 
 andweard-lice, adv. in the presence 
 of, present, actually. 
 
 and-weorc, st. n. matter, material, 
 stuff, ground, cause. 
 
 and-wig, st. m. resistance, battle. 
 
 and-wit, adj. expert, skillful, ac- 
 quainted with, experienced. 
 
 and- wist, st. f. place, station; (the 
 support of the earth, Kemble). 
 An. 1542. 
 
 and-wlita, w. m. look, face, counte- 
 nance, appearance. (Ger. antlitz.) 
 
 and-wrad, adj. hostile, enraged. 
 
 and-wyrde, st. n. answer. (Ger. ant- 
 wort.) 
 
 a-nghst, -nyhst, adv. next, at last, 
 in the last place. 
 
 an-feng, st. m. apprehension, laying 
 hold,of, reception, receiving. 
 
 an-fgte, atf/.one-footed, with one foot. 
 
 an-feald,rt, (/.one-fold, simple, single, 
 plain, modest. 
 
aiifloga — ar 
 
 1.1 
 
 an-floga, w. m. the alone, lonely flier. 
 
 au-forht, adj. fearful, timid. 
 
 anga, onga, w. in. point, sting. 
 
 anga, w. adj. only, sole. 
 
 ange, onge, adj. narrow, straitened, 
 sore, anxious, troubled. (Ger. 
 enge.) 
 
 an-genga, -gengea, w. m. the alone, 
 solitary goer, solitary. 
 
 au-getrum, st. n. an illustrious com- 
 pany? Exod. 334. 
 
 au-gin, st. n. beginning, commence- 
 ment, undertaking, endeavor, at- 
 tempt, cause, action. 
 
 ang-mod, adj. anxious in mind, sad, 
 sorrowful. 
 
 ang-nes, st. /."anxiety, uneasiness, 
 fear, anguish. 
 
 an-gryslic, adj. grisly, frightful, hor- 
 rible, horrid, terrible. Ps. 104, 33. 
 Bed. 5, 2. 
 
 an-haga, -hoga, w. m. lone dweller, 
 recluse, solitary. 
 
 an-hoga, w. m. care, sorrow, solici- 
 tude, anxiety. Gu. 970. 
 
 an-horn, st. m. unicorn. 
 
 an-horna, w. in. unicorn. 
 
 Sn-hydig, adj. constant, firm, deter- 
 mined, brave. 
 
 aninga, adv. unceasingly, straight- 
 way, by all means, entirely, alto- 
 gether, at all events. 
 
 an-lepe, adj. single, singular, alone, 
 solitary, private, a single one. 
 
 an-leofa, w. m. food, nourishment. 
 
 an-lic, adj. like, similar, of like age, 
 equal. 
 
 an-lic = senile, adj. only, unique, in- 
 comparable, excellent. 
 
 an-lice, adv. similarly, of like man- 
 ner. 
 
 an-llcnes, st. f. likeness, similarity, 
 image, comparison, parable. 
 
 an-mede, st. n. unanimity, concord, 
 harmony. 
 
 an-medla, w. m. pride, arrogance, in- 
 solence. 
 
 an-mod, adj. steadfast, daring, cour- 
 ageous, brave, grim, fierce. 
 
 au-niod, adj. of one mind, with one 
 accord, harmonious. 
 
 an-m6dllce, adv. unanimously, with 
 one accord. 
 
 an-nes, st. f. oneness, unity. 
 
 an-pasd, st. m. lonely, narrow path, 
 lonely way. 
 
 au-r£ed, adj. of one counsel, firm, de- 
 termined, resolute. 
 
 aii-seld, st. m. lonely seat, lonely 
 dwelling. 
 
 an-stapa, w. m. lonely wanderer, sol- 
 itary. 
 
 an-sund, adj. whole, unhurt, sound. 
 (Cf. Ger. gesund.) 
 
 an-syu, -sien, -slon, st. f. face, ap- 
 pearance, look, countenance, as- 
 pect, sight, view, presence. (Ger. 
 ansehen.) 
 
 an-syn, st. f. want, lack. Ps. 142, 6. 
 
 au-tid, st. f. first hour ? one and the 
 same time? (Grein); one time,i. e. 
 the same time (Heyne). B. 219. 
 
 anunga, adv. without ceasing, 
 throughout, entirely, altogether, 
 wholly. 
 
 an- weald, -wald, st. m. power,might, 
 rule, dominion, empire. (Cf. Ger. 
 ge-walt.) 
 
 an-wealda, -walda, w. in. one who 
 has rule or power, ruler, Lord. . 
 
 an-wig-gearu, adj. ready for single 
 combat. 
 
 an-wloh, adj. adorned, ornamented. 
 
 anyhst. See anehst. 
 
 apostol, st. m. apostle. 
 
 apostol-had, st. m. apostlehood, 
 apostolic office. 
 
 Aprelis, in. April. 
 
 ar, st. f. oar. Gu. Ex. 188. 
 
 ar, st. m. messenger, ambassador, 
 herald, apostle, angel, servant, 
 man. (Goth, airus.) 
 
 ar, st. f. 1. honor, worth, dignity, re- 
 nown, glory, respect, reverence. — 
 
16 
 
 3ra — Swa 
 
 2. grace, favor, compassion, ben- 
 efit, help. (Ger. (Arc.) 
 
 Sra = geara, adv. gen. pi. once, for- 
 merly. 
 
 ar-craeftig, adj. strong in honor,hon- 
 orablo, (Grein) ; respectful, polite. 
 (B.-T.) 
 
 are, to. f.= ar, st. f. honor, &c. 
 
 ar-faest, adj. 1. honorable, honest, 
 just, upright, pious, virtuous, re- 
 spectful.— 2. favorable, good,kind, 
 compassionate. — 3. ready for help ? 
 B. 1168. 
 
 ar-faestnes, -festnes, st. f. upright- 
 ness, honesty, mildness, pity, mer- 
 cy, compassion. 
 
 ar-geblond, at. in. waves of the sea 
 raised by oars, oar-disturbed sea, 
 mingling of the oars. 
 
 ar-gifa, ip. m. honor-giver, giver of 
 benefits, benefactor. 
 
 Sr-hwset, adj. eager for honor, de- 
 sirous of renown. 
 
 arian, u\ v. 1. to honor, reverence, 
 adore. — 2.to be gracious,favorable 
 to, have mercy. — 3. to spare, pity. 
 (Ger. clircn.) 
 
 ge-ariau, 1. to honor. — 2. to have 
 mercy, be gracious, help. 
 
 ar-leas, adj. 1. honorless, impious. — 
 2. notorious, infamous, disgrace- 
 ful, wicked. — 3. without compas- 
 sion, cruel. Jul. 4. (Ger. ehrlos.) 
 
 ar-leaslice, adv. impiously, cruelly, 
 wickedly. 
 
 ai -least, st. f. impiety, cruelty, dis- 
 honor, iniquity. 
 
 tr-llo, adj. honorable, honest, be- 
 ooming,agreeable,pleasant, lovely, 
 merciful. (Ger. chrlich.) 
 
 ar-llce, adv. honestly, honorably, be- 
 comingly, graciously, mercifully, 
 pleasantly. 
 
 aroct, adj. ready, prepared. 
 
 ar-scamu, st. f. holy awe, respect, 
 reverence. 
 
 Sr-staef, st. m. benefit, kindness, as- 
 sistance, help, favor, grace. 
 
 ar-wela, w. m. wealth of oars,the sea. 
 
 ar-wyrde, adj. worthy of honor, ven- 
 erable. (Ger. olirifiirdUj.) 
 
 Sr-yd, st.f. waves stirred up by the 
 oar, oar-wave. 
 
 asce, w. f. ashes. (O. H. Ger. asca; 
 Goth. a:go; Ger. mvho.) 
 
 ascian, w. v. to ask, demand, seek 
 out, find out by inquiry. 
 
 ge-ascian, to find out by asking, 
 hear of, learn. 
 
 ascung, st. f. asking, inquiry, ques- 
 tion, interrogation. 
 
 aspide, st. m. asp, adder, serpent. 
 
 assa, to. m. ass, a male ass. 
 
 atelic (= atol-llc), adj. dire, dread- 
 ful, terrible. 
 
 atol, atul, adj. ugly, deformed, foul, 
 dire, horrible, loathsome, terrible, 
 hostile. 
 
 atol, st. n. cruelty, horror, terrible- 
 ness, evil, wretchedness. 
 
 ator, attor, st. n. poison, venom. 
 (Ger. titer.) 
 
 Stor-tan, st. m. poisonous twig, poi- 
 soned rod. 
 
 attor. See ator. 
 
 attor-soeada,«\m. poisonous enemy, 
 poisonous dragon. 
 
 attor-spere, st. n. poisonous spear, 
 poisoned spear. 
 
 Sd, st. m. oath. (Ger. cid.) 
 
 ad-loga, w. in. oath-breaker, perjurer. 
 
 adolian, m. v. to make noble,ennoble. 
 
 adol-ware, st. in. pi. citizens. 
 
 ador (= Swder), pron. other, one of 
 two. 
 
 ad-swani, st. f. oath-swearing, oath. 
 
 Sd-sweord, st. f. same as the above. 
 
 advun, st.m. son-in-law. (QteT.eidam.) 
 
 a-uht (= awiht), st. n. aught, any- 
 thing. 
 
 Swa, Swo, adv. 1. always. — 2. ever, 
 any, some. Sal. 322. 
 
awct-r ged — baetera 
 
 a-waerged, adj. accursed, wicked, 
 
 malicious, 
 a-weg, tide, away, forth, 
 a-wer (= ahwaer), adc. anywhere, 
 
 somewhere. 
 a-werged, -wyrged, adj. accursed, 
 
 malicious, malevolent. 
 
 a-wiht, -wuht, -wyht, si. n. aught, 
 anything, anything at all; — ace, 
 often used adverbially. [turbed. 
 
 a-wyged, adj. moved,disquieted,dis- 
 
 awder (= a-hwaeder), pron. either, 
 other, one of two, one or the other. 
 
 axe, iv. f. ashes. 
 
 B 
 
 ba. See begen. 
 
 bad, st. f. pledge, pawn. 
 
 baec, bee, st. n. back; ofer base 
 bugan, to turn back, flee; under 
 base, on bee, backwards. 
 
 bascling, found only in the adverbial 
 phrase on baecling, backwards. 
 
 basdan, w. v. to deman'l, compel,con- 
 strain, incite, encourage. 
 
 a-baadan, to have a demand for, 
 compel, restrain, exact. 
 
 ge-basdan, 1. u\ gen. of thing, 
 to bring about, force, compel. Gn. 
 Ex. 105. — 2. w. ace. of person, and 
 ic. td, or gen. of thing, to induce 
 one to do a thing, to force, compel. 
 3. to drive, send forth, let fly. 
 B. 3117.— 4. to press hard, compel, 
 restrain, overcome, repress. 
 
 baMe-wgg, «i.n.cup,drinking- vessel. 
 
 bael, st. n. fire of the funeral-pile, 
 fire,flames,funeral pile. (O.'S.bdl.) 
 
 bael-blaese, w. f. fire-blaze, a blaze. 
 
 bael-blyse, st.f. same as the above. 
 
 basic, st. m. balk, covering, cloud. 
 (Ger. ge-balk.) 
 
 basic, st. m. ? belch, stomach, pride, 
 arrogance, presumption. 
 
 baslcan, w. v. to cry out, to make an 
 arrogant noise. 
 
 baeldan, w. v. to animate, arouse, en- 
 courage. 
 
 baal-egeaa, w. m. terror, dread of the 
 flames. 
 
 bael-fyr, st. n. fire of the funeral-pile, 
 
 bale-fire, 
 baeligan, w. v. 
 
 a-baeligan, to insult, provoke, 
 make angry. 
 bael-stede, st. f. place of the funeral 
 
 fire, the burning of the corpse. 
 basl-bracu, st.f. force or violence of 
 
 the flame, 
 bael-wudu, st. m. wood for the fu- 
 neral-fire. 
 bael-wylm, st. m. funeral-fire flames, 
 
 billow-like flames. 
 baendan, w. v. 
 
 ge-baendan, to bind, fetter, tie. 
 baer, adj. bare, naked. (Ger. baar.) 
 baer, st. f. inter. (Ger. bahre.) 
 baeran, w. v. 
 
 ge-bseran, to demean one's self, 
 to behave, bear one's self. (O. H. 
 Ger. gebdrSn, -6n; Ger. geberden.) 
 basrnan, w. v. to burn, burn up, con- 
 sume. (Ger. brenncn.) 
 
 for'-basman, to burn up, con- 
 sume. (Ger. ver-brennen.) 
 ge-baernan, to burn. 
 on-baernan, to set on fire,kindle. 
 beetan, w. v. to restrain with a bit, 
 bit, curb, tame. 
 
 ge-bsetan, same as the above. 
 ymbe-baetan, to throw a re- 
 straint around, put a check upon. 
 baetera. See bettra. 
 
18 
 
 baed — be"g 
 
 bsed, st. n. bath. (Ger. 6ad.) 
 
 beed-weg, si. m. bath-way, the sea. 
 
 bald, baldor, balu. See beald, 
 bealdor, bealu. 
 
 belli, st. re. bone, bones of the human 
 body. (Ger. bein.) 
 
 bana, bona, w. m. killer, murderer. 
 
 ban-cofa, w. m. bone-ehamber, the 
 body. 
 
 ban-coda, w. in. a baneful disease, 
 deadly sickness? Etmuller, bSn- 
 coda, ossium morbus, disease of 
 the bones. Gu. 998. 
 
 bctn-fast, st. re. bone-vat, vessel for 
 the bones, the body. 
 
 ban-fag, -fan, adj. variegated with 
 bones, adorned with bone-work, or 
 perhaps with deer-antlers. (Groin, 
 H. & S.) ban-fall, death or mur- 
 der-stained. (B.-T.) B. 780. 
 
 ban-, bon-gar, st. m. murderous 
 spear. 
 
 b<in-gebrec, st. m. bone-breaking? 
 An. 1444. 
 
 ban-helm, st. m. a helm or shield for 
 the protection of the bones of the 
 body, i. v., a helmet for the body. 
 Pin. 30. 
 
 ban-hring, si. m. bone-strueture, 
 joint, bone-joint. 
 
 ban-hus, st. n. bone-house, body. 
 
 bSn-lgas, adj. boneless, without 
 bones. 
 
 b&n-loca, w. m. bone inclosure, body. 
 
 bannan, bonnan, st. red. v. to order, 
 command, call, call together, sum- 
 mon. (Ger. bannen.) 
 
 a-bamian, to order, call, summon, 
 call off. 
 
 ge-bannan, to bid, order, name, 
 call, summon. 
 
 ban-sele, st. m. bone-hall, body. 
 
 basnian, w. v. to expect, await, wait. 
 
 basilisca, w. m. basilisk. 
 
 basu, adj. purple, crimson. 
 
 bat, st. in. boat, skiff, ship, vessel. 
 (Ger. boot.) 
 
 bat-weard, si. in. boat-warder, 
 watcher over the ship. 
 
 badiaii, w. v. 1. to bathe, wash, cher- 
 ish, foment. — 2. to bathe one's 
 self, bathe. 
 
 bi-badian, to bathe. 
 
 be, prep , id. dat. & instr. 1. local : by, 
 near by, near, at, on, with. — 2. . 
 likewise local, but of motion from 
 the subject in the direction of the 
 object, on, upon, by. — 3. causal: 
 by, with, for, through, by reason 
 of, on account of, in accordance 
 with. — 4. from, concerning, about, 
 (after verbs of saying, &c). — 4. 
 temporal: while, during, be ]?e 
 (him) lifigendum, during thy 
 (their) life. — 8. in various phrases: 
 be tiwihte, in any respect; be 
 fullan, j» excess ; be sumum daele, 
 in some part, partly ; ]?& tld be 
 getale, the movable Easter festival ; 
 be anfealdum, single. — 7. fre- 
 quently separated from its case. 
 Eii. 28, 17; Ps. 72. 
 
 be-aeftan, adv. 1. after, hind. — 2. 
 without. 
 
 be-bod, st re. command, order. (Ger. 
 ge-bot.) 
 
 bee. See bseo. 
 
 bSc, pi. of boo. 
 
 been, st. n. beacon, sign. 
 
 becnan, w. v. to beckon, point out, 
 signify, denote. 
 
 becnung, st.f. indicating, signifying: 
 hence— mark, sign. 
 
 bed, bedd, st. n. bed, resting-plaee. 
 (Ger. bett.) 
 
 bed-, bedd-rest, st.f. bed-rest, bed. 
 
 be-foran, I. prep. 1. w. dat. (a.) local: 
 before, in the presence of, in front. 
 (6.) temporal: before, prior to, 
 sooner than. — 2. w. ace. before.— 
 II. adv. 1. local: before, in front, 
 at hand, openly.— 2. temporal: be- 
 fore, formerly, earlier, sooner. 
 
 bgg. See b§ag. 
 
began — berhtmliwcet 
 
 19 
 
 began, w. v. to bow, bend, depress. 
 S-bSgan, to bend in,crook,curve. 
 for-be"gan, to give a wrong bend 
 to, oppress, humble, degrade. 
 ge-bSgan, to bow, bend, depress. 
 
 began, w. v., w. inf. to prosecute 
 zealously? Ps. 143, 14. 
 
 be-gang, -gong, st. m. (literally the 
 extent of going), district, way, 
 course, circuit. 
 
 bsgen, ba, bu, num. both, now,, m. 
 begen; with things, ba, bu; f.bS.; 
 »t. bu ; gen.m.f.n. bega, begea, be- 
 gra; dat. bam, beem; ace. m. bii; 
 /. b3; n. bu; — frequently asso- 
 ciated with twegen. 
 
 be-bindan, I. adv. behind, in the 
 rear. — II. prep., w. dat. (post pos- 
 itive), behind, after. 
 
 behd,st.f. token, witness, sign,proof. 
 
 belced-sweora, adj. inflated, having 
 an inflated neck. Ea. 79, 1. 
 
 belcettan, w. v. to belch, eructate, 
 utter, give forth. 
 
 belgan, st. abJ. v. I. (10. ace. reflex.), to 
 swell with anger, become angry, en- 
 raged; w. ace. to cause one's self to 
 swell with anger,&c. (Ger. balgen.) 
 S-belgan, to make angry, irri- 
 tate, insult, hurt, distress. 
 
 ge-belgan, to make angry, irri- 
 tate, provoke, exasperate. 
 
 bell, the forehead? Dietrich. 
 
 bellan, st. dbl. v. I. to bellow, bark, 
 grunt. (Ger. bellen.) 
 
 beme, w.f. trumpet. 
 
 ben, st. f. boon, request, prayer, pe- 
 tition. (O. N. b6n.) 
 
 ben, benn, st. f. wound. (Icel. ben; 
 Goth, banja.) 
 
 bena, w. m. petitioner, asker, de- 
 mander. 
 
 bene, st.f. bench. (Ger. bank.) 
 
 benc-sittende, part, sitting on a 
 bench, bench-sitter. 
 
 benc-sweg, st . m. bench-rejoicing; a 
 
 joyous, convivial noise, coming 
 from those sitting on the benches 
 in the mead-hall. 
 benc-bel, st. n. bench-board, i. e., the 
 wainscotted space where the 
 benches stand. 
 bend, st. m.f. band, bond. [fetter. 
 
 bendan, w. v. 1. to bend 2. to bind, 
 
 ge-bendan, to bend. 
 be-neodan, prep, beneath, under. 
 ben-geat, st. re. wound-gate, the 
 
 opening of a wound. 
 bennian, bennegean, w. v. to wound. 
 
 ge-bennian, to wound, 
 ben-tid, st.f. prayer-time. 
 bera, w. m. bear. (Ger. bar.) 
 beran, st. dbl. v.. II. to bear, carry, 
 bring forward, carry off, bear out, 
 offer, extend, wear, support, suffer. 
 At times the object is wanting, — 
 weapons, shield, &c. (O. 'H. Ger. 
 beran; Goth, bairan.) 
 
 a-beran, 1. to bear, suffer, en- 
 dure. — 2. to take away, remove. 
 
 set-beran, 1. to bring to, carry to, 
 produce. — 2. to take away, carry 
 off. B. 2127. 
 
 for-beran, 1. to hold, suppress. 
 2. to make allowance for, humor. 
 
 ge-beran, 1. to bear, bring forth. 
 2. to lead. Gu. 468. 
 
 dd-beran, 1. to carry, carry to, 
 draw to, bring hither. — 2. to carry 
 off or away. 
 
 on-beran, to take away, carry 
 off, abduct, weaken. 
 
 t6-beran,to tear asunder, scatter, 
 destroy, remove, distract, dissipate. 
 ymb-beran, to bear around, sur- 
 round, 
 berht, adj. bright, shining; 
 berhtan, w. v. 
 
 ge-berhtan, to light up, enlight- 
 en, brighten. 
 berhtm-hweet, adj. swift as an eye- 
 wink, in a moment. 
 
20 
 
 berian — beaduscriid 
 
 berian, w.v. to make bare, bare, 
 
 vacate. 
 berian, w. -e. 
 
 ge-beriau, to happen, occur, 
 berige, w.f. berry. (0. H. Ger. beri; 
 
 Goth, basi; Ger. Tieere.) 
 berne-lac, st. n. burnt offering. 
 berstan, st. abl. v. I. 1. to burst, 
 
 break,break to pieces. — 2. to make 
 
 a noise, crack, crash, resound. 
 
 (Ger. bersten.) 
 for-berstan, to break, break in 
 
 two, burst asunder, fail, vanish. 
 to-berstan, to break to pieces. 
 berstan, w. v. to make a noise, crush, 
 
 resound? to break to pieces? 
 
 Ea. 5, 8. 
 bet, adv. better; !>§(by)bet, the 
 
 better, 
 betan, w. v. to better, restore, cure, 
 
 improve, repair. (Ger. bessern.) 
 ge-btstan, 1. to better, improve. 
 
 — 2. to make away with, remove, 
 
 relieve. — 3. avenge, vindicate. 
 
 un-betan, not to make better; 
 
 part, unbeted, unatoned for, un- 
 
 expiated. 
 betast, betost, superl. adj. best, the 
 
 best. 
 betend, part. & subs, atoning, re- 
 newing; renewer, restorer. 
 bet-llc, adj. grand, superior, ex- 
 cellent, magnificent. 
 betst, superl. 1. adj. best, the best. 
 
 2. adv. best, in the best manner. 
 be-tweoh, prep, between, among. 
 be-tweohs, -tweox, prep. w. dat. 
 
 between, among. 
 be-tweonan, prep. w. dat. between, 
 
 among. 
 be-twSonum, prep. w. gen. dat. & ace. 
 
 between, among. 
 be-twinum, prep, between, among. 
 be-twuh, -twux, prep, between, 
 
 among, 
 be-utan, prep. w. dat. but, without, 
 outside of. 
 
 beacen, st. n. beacon, token, mark," 
 sign, standard, banner, wonder, 
 miracle, — used especially with ref- 
 erence to the cross and to the sun. 
 
 beacnian, w. v. to beckon, show, 
 point out, indicate, represent pie- 
 torially. 
 
 ge-beacnian, to show, indicate, 
 announce, make known. 
 
 beadu, beado, st.f. fight, battle,con- 
 tention, strife. (0. H. Ger. badu-, 
 pato-.) 
 
 beadu-caf, adj. ready, prepared for 
 battle. 
 
 beadu-craeft, st. m. the art of war, 
 skill in war, war-strength. 
 
 beadu-crssftig, adj. war-crafty, skill- 
 ful in war, warlike. 
 
 beadu-cwealm, st. m. murder, vio- 
 lent death. 
 
 beadu-folm, st. f. battle-hand, — 
 hence, a bloody hand. 
 
 beadu-grima, -grimma, w. m. war- 
 mask, helmet. 
 
 beadu-hraegl, st. n. war-shirt, coat- 
 of-mail, corselet. 
 
 beadu-lSc, st. n. war-play, battle, 
 combat. 
 
 beadu-leoma, w. m. battle-light, 
 sword. • 
 
 beadu -mas gen, st. n. battle-troop, 
 host (Grein); battle-strength, mil- 
 itary power. (B.-T.) 
 
 beadu-mSce, st. m. battle-sword. 
 
 beadu-rses, st. m. battle-rush, storm 
 of battle, attack. 
 
 beadu-rinc, st. m. warrior, soldier. 
 
 beadu-r6f, adj. bold in war, strong 
 in battle. 
 
 beadu-run, st. f. battle-secret, mys- 
 tery of battle, quarrel; beadurfin 
 onbindan, to loose the battle- 
 mystery, begin battle. 
 
 beadu-scearp, adj. battle - sharp, 
 
 sharp for the battle. 
 beadu-scrud, ,sf. n. battle-shroud, 
 corselet, shirt of mail. 
 
beaduserce — bealopanc 
 
 21 
 
 beadu-serce, w. f. battle-sark, corse- 
 let, shirt of mail. 
 
 beadu-searo, st. re. war-equipment 
 weapons. 
 
 beadu-preat, st. m. war-baud, army. 
 
 beadu-wang, st, m. battlefield. 
 
 beadu-weepen, st. n. war-weapon, 
 weapons. 
 
 beadu-weorc, st. n. battle-work, war- 
 like operation, battle. 
 
 beag, beah, b6g, st. m. ring, bracelet, 
 collar, chain, crown, diadem. (O.H. 
 Grei.pouc; O.N.baugr.) 
 
 beag-gifa, -gyfa, u\ m. ring or orna- 
 ment giver, king, prince, lord. 
 
 bSag-gifu, s}.f. ring-giving, giving of 
 rings or ornaments. 
 
 beag-hord, st, m. ring-hoard, treasure 
 consisting of ornaments, rings. 
 
 beag-hroden, .part, adorned with 
 rings, or with diadems. 
 
 beag-sel, st. ■«. ring-hall, house or 
 hall in which rings and other or- 
 naments are distributed. 
 
 beag-sele, st. in. the same. 
 
 beag-pegu, st. f. the receiving of 
 the ring. 
 
 beag-wrida, w.m. ring-wreath, brace- 
 let, armlet. 
 
 beah. See beag. 
 
 beald, bald, adj. bold, strong, pow- 
 erful, skillful, brave, courageous, 
 of good courage, free, liberal. 
 (Goth, balps.) 
 
 bealde.balde, ado. freely, trustingly, 
 confidently, courageously, boldly, 
 immediately, without hesitation. 
 
 bealdian, w. v. to show one's self 
 bold, be brave. 
 
 beald-lice (bald-), adv. = bealde, 
 boldly. 
 
 bealdor, baldor, st. m. lord, master, 
 prince, hero. 
 
 bealu, bealo, balu, st. f. bale, evil, 
 mischief, hurt, injury, woe, affiic- 
 tion,wickedness, depravity. (O.H. 
 Ger. halo.) 
 
 bealu.balu, adj. baleful, destructive, 
 dangerous, bad, abandoned, treach- 
 erous, malicious. 
 
 bealu-ben, st.f. destruction-bringing 
 wound, deadly wound. 
 
 bealo-blonden, part, blended or 
 mixed with destruction, per- 
 nicious. 
 
 bealo-clom, st. m.f. hard, oppressive 
 bond, dire chain. 
 
 bealo-craeftjSi.m. magic art; wicked, 
 pernicious art. 
 
 bealo-cwealm, st. m. violent death, 
 death by the sword or disease. 
 B. 2265. 
 
 bealu-dsed, st:f. evil deed, sin. 
 
 bealo-ful, adj. baleful, full of evil, 
 dire, cruel, wicked, pernicious. 
 
 bealo-ffis, adj. prone to sin, inclined 
 to sin. 
 
 bealo-hycgende, part, thinking of 
 death, meditating destruction. 
 
 bealo-hydig, adj. thinking of death, 
 meditating destruction. 
 
 bealu-inwit, st. re. deceit, cunning, 
 treachery. 
 
 bealu-leas, adj. baleless, free from 
 sin, innocent. 
 
 bealu-nid (bala-), st. m. zeal for de- 
 struction, unworthy or pernicious 
 striving, deadly enmity, destruc- 
 tion. 
 
 bealo-rap, st. m. a sinful bond, hard, 
 oppressive fetter. 
 
 bealo-searu, st. n. wicked machina- 
 tion or snare. 
 
 bealu-sld, st. m. 1. mischief, hurt, 
 calamity, adversity. Seef . 28. — 2. 
 fatal journey, death. Exod. 5. 
 
 bealo-sorg, st. f. sorrow on account 
 of expected misfortune; hard, op- 
 pressive sorrow. 
 
 bealo-spell, s*. n. a message of dire 
 misfortune, evil tale. 
 
 bealo-panc, -pone, st. m. malicious, 
 evil thought. 
 
22 
 
 beam — beorcan 
 
 beam, st. m. beam, 1. tree. — 2.cross, 
 gallows. — 3. pillar, column, pillar 
 of cloud, pillar of fire. — 4. wood, 
 piece of wood, ship. Ra. 11, 7. — 
 5. beam, post, rafter. Ra. 71, 11. 
 (Ger. baum.) 
 
 beam-sceadu, st. f. shadow of the 
 tree; tree-shade. 
 
 beam-telg, st. m. tree-dye, ink. 
 
 beard, si. in,, beard. (Ger. tart.) 
 
 bearg, bearh, st. m. a barrow-pig, 
 pig, a castrated boar. (Ger. borg- 
 scliweine. ) 
 
 bearhtm, st m. 1. splendor, bright- 
 ness, clearness. — 2. noise, tumult, 
 clamor, cry, sound, tone. 
 
 bearm, st. m. barm, lap, bosom; fig- 
 uratively, possession, property. 
 (Goth, barms; 0. H. Ger. barm; 
 cf. Ger. erbarmen.) 
 
 bearm, st. m.f emotion, excitement. 
 Ps. 118, 139. 
 
 beam, st. n. (what is borne), bairn, 
 child, boy, son, offspring, descend- 
 ant, progeny. (Scot, bairn; Goth. 
 barn.) 
 
 bearn-gebyrdu. st. f. childbirth, 
 bearing; birth of a, son. 
 
 bearn-gestrgon, st. n. child-procrea- 
 tion, riches in children. 
 
 bcaru.bearo, st. m. a wood, gi-ove, 
 tree, forest, thicket. (0. N. borr.) 
 
 bearo-naes, st. m. woody shore. 
 
 beatau, st. red. v. 1. to beat, thrust, 
 strike, shake, tremble. — 2. to hurt, 
 injure. Dan. 265. 
 
 S-beatan, to beat, strike, break 
 or beat to pieces, to make to fall. 
 ge-beatan, to beat, strike, hit. 
 of-beatan, to beat to death, kill. 
 
 beo. See beon. 
 
 beo, bl, w.f. bee. (Ger. biene.) 
 
 bSo-, bio-, bia-bread, st. «. bee- 
 bread, honeycomb. 
 
 bebd, st. m. table. (Goth, binds.) 
 
 beodan = bidon, pret. of bldan. 
 
 beodan, biodan, st. abl. v. VI. 1. to 
 bid, command, order.— 2. to offer, 
 proffer, give, grant.— 3. to bring, 
 prepare. Seef,54.— 4. to threaten. 
 —5. to bid, announce, proclaim, in- 
 form, deliver a message, perform a 
 commission. — 6. to betoken, sig- 
 nify. (Ger. bieten; Goth, biudan.) 
 a-beodan, 1. to order, command, 
 commission,direet.— 2. to present, 
 announce, make known, offer, ten- 
 der, wish. — 3. to order, command, 
 be-bebdan, bi-bebdan, 1. to or- 
 der, command, bid. — 2. to intrust 
 to, recommend. — 3. to offer. — 4. to 
 announce, proclaim, make known, 
 for-beodan, to forbid. 
 ge-beodan, 1. to command, or- 
 der, direct. — 2. to deliver up, give 
 over to, surrender. Dan. 414. — 
 3. to offer, show. — 4. to offer. — 
 5. to threaten. Dan. 223. 
 
 on-beodan, to announce, pro- 
 claim, make known. 
 
 beod-gasst, st. m. table guest, famil- 
 iar friend. 
 
 bSod-geneat, st.m. table-companion. 
 
 beod-gereordu, st. n. pi. table-meal, 
 feast. [moved. 
 
 beofian, it. v. to tremble, quake, be 
 S-beofian, same as the above. 
 
 b§o-hata, w.m. (the queen-bee), lead- 
 er, prince. 
 
 bebn, bion, irreg. v. pres. ind. sg. 
 1. beom, b§on, b&>.— 2. bist, 
 byst. — 3. bid, byd, beod (Hy. 
 7, 96) ; pi. beod, biod, biad; subj. 
 sg. beo, bio ; pi. bebn ; imper. sig. 
 b§o; pi. bSod, to be,— generally 
 with a future signification will be. 
 
 b6or, st. n. beer. (Ger. bier.) 
 
 beoran = beran, to bear, carry. 
 Sal. 206. 
 
 beoro, st /. birch, birch-tree ; and 
 name for the Rune B. (Ger.birke.) 
 
 beorcan, st abl. v. I. to bark. 
 
beorg — bi 
 
 23 
 
 beorg, beorh, biorg, ■st. m. barrow, 
 mountain, hill, mound. (Ger. berg. ) 
 beorgan, st. abl. v. I. to save, pro- 
 tect, shelter, guard, defend, shield, 
 spare, preserve ; — w. reflex, dat. to 
 beware of, avoid. (Ger. bergen; 
 Goth, bairgan.) 
 
 be-beorgan, w. reflex, dat. to be 
 on one's guard, take care. 
 
 ge-beorgan, to save, protect, de- 
 fend; to protect one from some- 
 thing, ward off, spare, preserve. 
 
 ymb-beorgan, to surround pro- 
 teetingly. 
 beorgan, w. v. to taste, drink, 
 beorg-hlid, st. n. mountain-height, 
 elevation, hill. 
 
 beorg-sedel, st. m. n.f mountain 
 dwelling. Gu. 73. 
 
 beorg-stede, st. m. mountain place, 
 place on a mountain, mound, 
 mountain. 
 
 beorh. See beorg. 
 
 bSor-hyrde, st. m. beer-keeper, but- 
 ler. 
 
 beorht, st. n. brightness, shining ob- 
 ject, light, glance, twinkling. 
 
 beorht, adj. 1. bright, brilliant, glis- 
 tening, clear, lucid, plain, beau- 
 tiful. — 2. celebrated, excellent, 
 noble, splendid, sublime, holy, 
 divine. (Goth, bairlits.) 
 
 beorhtan, w.v. to light,shine,lighten. 
 
 beorhte, adv. brightly, lucidly, clear- 
 ly, distinctly. 
 
 beorhtian, w. v. 1. to glisten, shine. 
 2. to sound clearly. 
 
 beorht-lic, adj. brilliant, bright, 
 shining, splendid. 
 
 beorht-lice,a<fe.brilliantly, brightly, 
 clearly, excellently. 
 
 beorhtm, st. m. noise, tumult. 
 
 beorht-nes, -nys, st. f. brightness, 
 clearness, brilliancy, splendor. 
 
 beorht-rodor, st. m. bright firma- 
 ment, ether. 
 
 beorhtu, st. f. brightness, clearness. 
 
 beorma, w. m. barm, yeast, leaven. 
 Ger. barme, barmc.) 
 
 beorn, biorn, st. m. noble, distin- 
 guished man, hero, warrior; a man. 
 (Scan, bjiirn.) 
 
 beornan, st. abl. v. I. to burn, glow, 
 blaze up, burn up. (Ger. brennen.) 
 a-beornan, to kindle, inflame, 
 take fire. 
 
 for-beornan, to burn up, to be 
 
 burnt up, burn. (Ger. verbrennen.) 
 
 ge-beornan, same as the above. 
 
 beorn-oyning, st. m. king of war- 
 riors, king of heroes. 
 
 beorne, byrne, w. f. burnie, shirt 
 of mail. (Ger. briinne.) 
 
 beorn-breat, st. m. band of men or 
 warriors. 
 
 beorn-wiga, w. m. steel-clad war- 
 rior, or noble warrior, hero. 
 
 beor-scealc, st. m. keeper of the 
 beer, cup-bearer. 
 
 b§or-sele, st. m. beer-hall, a hall in 
 which beer is drunk. 
 
 bSor-setl, st m. beer-settle, beer- 
 bench. 
 
 b§or-begu, st. f. beer-drinking, beer- 
 banquet. 
 
 beordor, st. n. childbirth, fetus ? See 
 hysebeordor. 
 
 b§ot, st. a. proud, boastful speech, 
 by which one is pledged or bound ; 
 threat, promise, pledge. — 2. peril ? 
 danger? Dan. 265. 
 
 beotian, w. v. 1. to threaten. — 2. to 
 promise, pledge. 
 
 ge-beotian, to promise, to bind 
 one's self, make one's self respon- 
 sible for. 
 
 bSot-word, st. ».= bebt. 
 
 beod. See beon. 
 
 bl (most frequently met with in 
 shortened form be), prep, w. dat. 
 1. local: by, near, at, on, upon, 
 about, of, in, with. — 2. causal : by, 
 
24 
 
 bi — bisen 
 
 through, by reason of, after, ac- 
 cording to. — 3. of, about, concern- 
 ing (w. verbs of saying, &c.) — 4. 
 in comparison with. Ph. 338. — 
 5. temporal: by, during, bi me 
 lifgendum, during my lifetime. 
 
 bi, big, in improper word-composi- 
 tion by. 
 
 bl. See beo. 
 
 bi-bod, st. n. command, order,deeree. 
 
 bi-bread, st. n. bee-bread, honey- 
 comb. 
 
 bicgan. See byogan. 
 
 bid, st. n. lingering, delay, abiding. 
 
 bidan, st. abl. v. V. 1. to bide, delay, 
 linger, wait, abide, remain, live, 
 dwell. — 2. to await, expect, wait 
 for. — 3. to reach, arrive at, know, 
 experience, find. (Goth, beidan; 
 O. H. Ger. Utan.) 
 
 a-bidan, to tarry, delay, remain 
 behind, await, expect, experience, 
 ge-bidan, 1. to remain, delay, 
 abide, tarry. — 2. to expect, wait 
 for, await. — 3. to reach, arrive at, 
 know, experience, find. 
 
 ofer-bidan, to outlast, surmount, 
 outlive. 
 on-bidan, to wait, await, expect. 
 
 biddan, st. all. v. III. to bid, desire, 
 beg, ask, pray, order, require. 
 (Ger. bitten.) 
 
 a-biddan, to implore, obtain by 
 entreaty. 
 
 ge-biddan, to beg,ask,pray,pray 
 to, — often with reflex, dat. 
 
 bld-faest, adj. firm, forced to stand 
 out. 
 
 bldian, w. v. 
 
 an-bidian, to await. 
 
 biding, st. f. biding, waiting, delay- 
 ing; — abode. 
 
 bid-steal, st. m. halt, stand'. 
 
 bifian, w. v. to tremble, shake, be 
 moved. (Ger. beben.) 
 
 a-bifian, same as the above. 
 
 bi-foran, I. prep. w. dat. (temporal 
 and local), before. — II. adv. 1. lo- 
 cal: before, in the presence of. — 
 2. before, formerly. 
 
 big. See bi. 
 
 bigan. See bygan. 
 
 bi-gang, -gong, st. m. extent, way, 
 course, circuit. 
 
 bi-genga, -gengea, w. to. cultivator, 
 inhabitant, dweller. 
 
 bi-hata, w. to. the queen-bee, leader. 
 
 bil, bill, st. n. bill, battle-axe, sword; 
 — a bill was a broad two-edged 
 sword. (Ger. beil.) 
 
 bile-wit. See bilwit. 
 
 bil-gesliht, st. a. sword-fight, battle 
 of swords. 
 
 bil-hete, bill-, st. to. sword-hate, hate 
 made known by the sword. 
 
 bil-swaed, st. n. sword-track, wound. 
 
 bil-wit, bile-wit, byly-wit, adj. 
 mild, gentle, merciful, calm, corn- 
 
 bin, binn, st. f. bin, manger, crib. 
 
 (Ger. benne.) 
 bindan, st. abl. v. I. to bind, tie. 
 
 (Ger. binden.) 
 ge-bindan, to bind, tie, fetter. 
 in-bindan, to unbind, untie, 
 
 loose. 
 
 on-bindan, same as the above. 
 bindan, w. v. to feign, dissimulate. 
 
 Luc. C. 24, 28. 
 bindere, st m. binder, 
 binn. See bin. 
 binnan, prep, within, inside of, in, 
 
 into. (Ger. binnen.) 
 bired. See beran. 
 birhtu, st. f. brightness, clearness. 
 bi-rihte, -ryhte, prep, right by, near 
 
 by, beside. 
 bi-saece, st. to.? a visit. Gu. 188. 
 bisceop, biscop, st m. bishop, 
 bisceop-had, st. m. office of a bishop, 
 
 episcopate. 
 i bisen. See bysen. 
 
bises — blanden 
 
 25 
 
 bises, st. m. an intercalary day, leap- 
 year. 
 
 bisgan, bisgu, bisig. See bysgau, 
 bysgu, bysig. 
 
 bismer, bismor, bysmer, st n. mock- 
 ery, disgraee,opprobrmm,reproach, 
 pollution, infamy, blasphemy. 
 
 bismeriau, bysmrian, w .v. to mock, 
 deride, reproach, blaspheme. 
 
 ge-bysmriau, to deride,provoke, 
 enrage. 
 
 bismer-leas, adj. reproachless, free 
 from shame, infamy, blameless, 
 spotless. 
 
 bismer-, bismor-, bysmer-lice, adv. 
 scandalously, shamefully,reproach- 
 fully, infamously, irreverently. 
 
 bi-spel, st. n. parable, fable, allegory, 
 example. (Ger. beispiel.) 
 
 bist. See beon. 
 
 bitan, st. dbl. v. V. to bite, cut, cut 
 into, wound. (Ger. beiszen.) 
 
 a-bitan, to bite, gnaw, corrode, 
 eat. 
 
 on-bitan, to bite, taste, feed 
 upon. 
 
 bite, st. m. bite, cut. 
 
 biter, bitor, bitter, a$.bitter,sharp, 
 cutting, biting, harsh, painful; — 
 exasperated, angry, embittered. 
 (Ger. Utter.) 
 
 bitian, »■. v. 
 
 grist-bitian, to bite the teeth 
 together, gnash the teeth. 
 
 bitre, bitere, bittre, adv. bitterly, 
 sharply, severely, furiously. 
 
 bi-tweon, prep, between. 
 
 bi-twSonum, prep, bet-ween. 
 
 biered, biersted, biesgian. See 
 beran, berstan, bysgian. 
 
 biad, bio, bion, blod. See be"on. 
 
 blac, blaec, adj. black, dark. 
 
 blac, adj. 1. brilliant, shining, gleam- 
 ing. — 2. pale (of the white death- 
 color), bleak. 
 
 blac-ern, st. n. lighthouse, lamp, 
 candlestick, light, candle. 
 
 blSc-hleor, adj. pale-faced, fair. 
 
 blacian, w. v. to become white, pale. 
 
 blase. See blac. 
 
 blsec. See blac. 
 
 blsecan, w. v. to bleach, whiten, 
 fade. 
 
 blaec-ern. See blacern. 
 
 blaed, st. n. blade, leaf. Gen. 994. 
 (Ger. Matt.) 
 
 bleed, st. m. 1. blowing, blast. — 2. in- 
 spiration? Ph. 548. — 3. breath, 
 spirit. Hexam. 11. — 4. life. — 5. 
 riches, fullness, success, happiness, 
 renown,glory,worth,dignity,honor. 
 (O.H. Ger. bldt.) 
 
 bleed, st. f. blade, leaf, twig, flower, 
 blossom, fruit, foliage, grass. 
 
 bleed-agend, part. & subs, having an 
 abundance of renown,glory; — pos- 
 sessing abundance, prosperous. 
 
 blced-dagas, st. m. pi. happy, pros- 
 perous day, happy life. 
 
 bleed-faest, adj. fast or fixed in 
 renown, celebrated, prosperous, 
 happy. 
 
 bleed-gifa, w. m. glory-giver, giver of 
 prosperity or happiness. 
 
 bleed- wela, w. m. wealth of glory or 
 riches, happiness bringing wealth. 
 
 blasst, st m. blast, flame, torch, 
 blaze. 
 
 bluest, st. m. blowing, wind. 
 
 blsetan, st red. v. to bleat. (0. H. 
 Ger. bldzan.) 
 
 blanca, blonca, w. m. white or gray 
 horse. 
 
 bland, st ™. blending, mixture, con- 
 fusion. 
 
 blandan, st red. v. to blend, mix. 
 (O. H. Ger. blandan.) 
 
 ge-blandan, to blend, mix, ex- 
 change, disturb, disquiet. 
 
 on-blandan, to mingle, blend, 
 disturb. 
 
 blanden-, blonden-feax, adj. with 
 mixed hair, having gray hair, 
 old. 
 
26 
 
 blat — blodgyte 
 
 blat, st. m. n.f an inarticulate sound 
 of sorrow. An. 1281.— B.- T. make 
 bldt an adjective = livid. 
 
 blat, adj. livid, pale. 
 
 blatan, st. red. v. to be livid, pale, as 
 with envy. 
 
 blate, adv. lividly, pallidly. 
 
 blawan, st. red. v. to blow. (Ger. 
 blalien. ) 
 ci-blawan, same as the above, 
 to-blawan, to blow to pieces, 
 scatter. 
 
 bled = bleed, st. m. 
 
 bled = bleed, st. f. 
 
 bledan, w. v. to bleed, let blood. 
 (Ger. bluten.) 
 
 ble"d-hwcet, adj. rich in flowers or 
 fruits (Grein); — a shoot growing 
 quickly (B.-T.). Ea. 2, 9. 
 
 bledsian, w. v. to bless, consecrate. 
 ge-bledsian, to bless, benefit, 
 favor, make to prosper. 
 
 blencan, w. v. to deceive, cheat. 
 
 blendan.w.D. to blind. (Ger.blenden.) 
 a-blendan, same as the above. 
 
 bletsian, w. v. to bless, consecrate, 
 ordain. 
 
 ge-bletsian, to bless, consecrate, 
 benefit, make to prosper. 
 
 un-gebletsian, part, ungeblet- 
 sod, unblessed. 
 
 bletsung, st.f. blessing, benediction. 
 
 bleat, adj. naked, bare, miserable, 
 wretched. (Ger. bloss.) 
 
 bleate, adv. wretchedly, miserably. 
 
 blead , adj. cowardly, un warlike, timid. 
 (Ger. blodc.) 
 
 bleo-bord, st. n. colored board, chess- 
 board. 
 
 blSo-brygd, st. m3 n.? variation of 
 color, variegated color. 
 
 bleo-fag, adj. variable in color, va- 
 riegated, many-colored. 
 
 bleoh, bliob, bl§o, st. n. color, ap- 
 pearance, complexion, delight, 
 joy. 
 
 blgowe ? Ea. 84, 6, blow, blew. 
 
 bllcan, st.. abl. v. V. 1. to lighten, 
 
 shine, glitter, sparkle, dazzle. — 
 
 2. to appear, become visible. Sal. 
 
 144. (Ger. bleichen.) 
 blids. See blids. 
 blin, st. f. cessation, interruption, 
 
 end. 
 blind, adj. blind. (Ger. blind.) 
 blind-nes, st. f. blindness. 
 blinnan, st. abl. v. I. to cease, leave 
 
 off, forego, to lose, be deprived of. 
 
 (Chaucer, blynne.) 
 blis, bliss, blyss, st. f. 1. bliss, joy, 
 
 joyousness, happiness, pleasure. 
 
 2. complaisance, courteousness, 
 kindness, grace, favor. 
 
 blissian, w. v. 1. to rejoice, gladden, 
 make glad. — 2. to rejoice, be 
 glad, exult. 
 
 ge-blissian, to rejoice, gladden, 
 make glad.— 2. to bless? Cri.380. 
 
 3. to make joyous, delightful. 
 bliwum, dat.pl. See bl§oh. 
 blid, adj. agreeable, sweet, pleasant, 
 blide, adj. 1. blithe, joyous, glad, 
 
 merry. — 2. gentle, friendly, pleas- 
 ant, kind, mild, agreeable. — 3. 
 
 quiet, peaceful. An. 385. ; Ps. 106, 
 
 28. (Goth, bleibs.) 
 bllde, adv. 1. j oyously, merrily , gladly . 
 
 2. graeiously, kindly, mildly. 
 bllde-mod, adj. 1. of joyous ' mind, 
 
 glad, cheerful. — 2. calm, tranquil, 
 
 mild, gentle. 
 blid-heort, adj. 1. blithe of heart, 
 
 joyous. — 2. well-wishing, friendly, 
 
 merciful. 
 blids, blids, st. f. joy, gladness, 
 blidsian, w. v. to rejoice, be glad, 
 
 merry. 
 blod, st. n. blood. (Ger. blut.) 
 blod-egesa, w. m. bloody terror, 
 
 horror, 
 blod-fag, adj. colored with blood, 
 
 bloody, 
 blod-gyte, -gete, -geote, st. m. gush 
 
 of blood, blood-flowing. 
 
blodhreow — bordhreoda 
 
 27 
 
 blod-hrgow, adj. bloody, bloody- 
 minded, cruel. 
 blodiau, w. v. 
 
 ge-blddegian, to make bloody, 
 stain with blood. 
 blodig, adj. bloody. (Ger. blutig.) 
 bl6dig-t6d, adj. with bloody tooth, 
 
 cruel. 
 bl6d-rebw, adj. bloodthirsty, cruel, 
 bldstm, st. m.t f.f blossom, flower, 
 blostma, w. m. blossom, flower. 
 blotan, st. red. v. to sacrifice, kill 
 for a sacrifice. (Goth, blotan.) 
 
 on-blotan, to sacrifice, fciH for a 
 sacrifice, 
 blot-monad, st. m. month of sacrifice, 
 
 November, 
 blowan, st. red. v. to blow, bloom, 
 blossom. 
 
 ge-bldwan, to blow, bloom, 
 blossom,sprout, — also used figura- 
 tively. 
 blygan, w. v. to scare, frighten. 
 un-geblygan,pa»-i. ungeblyged, 
 intrepid, fearless, bold. 
 blys. See blis. 
 bSc, st. f. beech-tree, book, writing. 
 
 (Ger. bucbe.) 
 boo, irreg.f. (dat. sg., nom. ace., pi. 
 be"c), book; — in pi. generally the 
 Scriptures. (Ger. buck.) 
 boc - crasftig, adj. book-crafty, 
 learned, especially with reference 
 to the Scriptures, 
 bocere, st. m. writer, scribe, learned 
 
 man, author, teacher, 
 boc-stasf, st. m. letter, character. 
 b6c-wudu, st. m. beech-wood, 
 bod, st. rt. command, order, com- 
 mandment, message. (Ger.ge-bot.) 
 boda, w. m. messenger, herald, am- 
 bassador, apostle, angel; — seer, 
 prophet. (Ger. bote.) 
 bodian, w. v. to bode, announce, 
 make known, tell,preaeh,prophesy. 
 ge-bodian, to tell, announce, 
 make known. 
 
 bod-scipe, st. m. 1. commandment. 
 
 — 2. message, announcement. (Cf. 
 
 Ger. botscliaft.) 
 b6g, boh, st. m. bough, branch (of 
 
 a tree). 
 b6g, st. m. arm, shoulder ;-— cf. elbow. 
 
 (Ger. bug.) 
 boga, w. m. bow. (Ger. boge.) 
 boh. See bog. 
 bohte. See bycgan. 
 bolca, w. m. gangway of a ship. 
 
 (Icel. bullci.) 
 bold, st. n. building, dwelling, house, 
 
 dwelling-place, edifice. 
 bold-agend, part. & subs, house- 
 owner, property-holder, 
 bold-getimbru, st. n. pi. building, 
 
 edifice; —lit., the timbers of a house. 
 bold-wela, w. m. rich, splendid 
 
 dwelling, paradise, heaven, 
 bolgen-mod, adj. angry at heart, 
 
 enraged, 
 bolla, w. m. bowl, cup, pot, drink- 
 
 ing-vessel. (Ger. bole.) 
 bolster, st. m. bolster, pillow. (Ger. 
 
 polster.) 
 b6n (= bSgan), to boast. 
 bona, bongar, bomian. See bana, 
 
 bangar, bannan. 
 bora, w. m. bearer. 
 borcian, to. v. to bark. 
 bord, st.. n., lit. board; hence, 1. 
 
 board, table. — 2. plank, side of a 
 
 ship, ship. — 3. shield. (Ger. 
 
 bord.) 
 borde, w. f. a lady's chamber? Gn. 
 
 Ex. 64 (Grein); — board, table. 
 
 (B.-T.) 
 bord-gelSc, st. n. shield-storming, 
 
 missile, dart, 
 bord-hcebbende, part. & subs. 
 
 shield-having, shield-bearer. 
 bord-haga, w. m. shield-hedge, cover 
 
 of shields, 
 bord-hreoda, -hrSda, w. m. shield- 
 covering, shield, buckler. 
 
28 
 
 bordrand — brecan 
 
 bord-rand, st. m. edge of a shield, 
 shield. 
 
 bord-staed, st. n. seashore. 
 
 bord-weall, st. m. 1. shield-wall, wall 
 of shields, buckler, shield.— 2. 
 quay. Ka. 34, 6. 
 
 bord-wudu, st. m. shield-wood, 
 shield. 
 
 borg-sorg, st. f. sorrow on account 
 of lending, or of security, (ms. 
 burg sorg. Keim 63. ) 
 
 bdsm, st. m. bosom, breast, lap, 
 inner parts. (Ger. busen.) 
 
 bot, st.f. 1. boot, help, cure, rem- 
 edy. — 2. alleviation, redress. — 3. 
 boot, amends, reparation. — 4. sat- 
 isfaction, restoring, compensation. 
 — 5. penance, repentance, offer- 
 ing. — 6. t6 bote, to boot, besides, 
 moreover. (Ger. busze.) 
 
 botl, st. w. house, dwelling. 
 
 botl-gestreou, st. re. riches in houses, 
 goods, riches. 
 
 botl-wela, w. m. wealth of houses, 
 village. 
 
 botm, st. m. bottom. (Ger. boden, 
 O. H. Ger. bodam.) 
 
 br£d, adj. broad, stretched out, 
 roomy, wide, spacious, copious. 
 (Ger. breit.) 
 
 brad, st. 11. breadth. 
 
 brade, adv. far and wide, broadly, 
 widely. 
 
 breed, st. f. heat, glow, smell; or 
 the fleshy part of animal bodies. 
 Ph. 240. 
 
 brsedan, w. v. 1. to broaden, make 
 broad, stretch out, expand. — 2. to 
 be extended or developed, rise, 
 grow. (Ger. breiten.) [tend. 
 
 ge-breedan, to stretch out, ex- 
 geond-braedan, to spread over, 
 cover entirely. 
 
 ofer-braadan, to be spread over, 
 cover. 
 
 td-br&dan, to spread out, mul- 
 tiply, open. 
 
 brsedra, compar. of brad. 
 
 brsedu, st. f. breadth, width. 
 
 braegdan (= bregdan), to sing ac- 
 cording to time, sing. 
 
 braegd-boga, w. m. deceitful bow. 
 
 braegd-wis, adj. crafty, sly, cun- 
 ning. 
 
 braegn-loca, w. m. brain-house, 
 head. (ms. Itrwgnloca.) 
 
 braesne, adj. mighty, powerful. 
 
 brsewum, dat. pi. See breaw. 
 
 brand, brond, st. m. 1. brand, fire- 
 brand, burning piece of wood.— 2. 
 burning, flame, fire.— 3. a. glowing 
 object, torch. — 4. sword. B. 1451. 
 — 5. warrior. B. 1020. (Ger.brand.) 
 
 brand-hat, adj. burning hot, ardent, 
 passionate. 
 
 brand-hord, st. n. burning treasure, 
 i. e., care, anxiety. 
 
 brand-staefh, adj. having a prow 
 supplied with a pole or beam 
 (Grein); — the shining prowed. 
 (B.-T.). An. 501. 
 
 brant, bront, adj. going high, raging, 
 foaming, high, steep. 
 
 brecan, st. ail. v. II. 1. to break, 
 break to pieces, break through, 
 violate. — 2. to vex, press, not to 
 let rest. — 3. to break in upon, 
 take by storm. — 4. to break out, 
 spring out. — 5. to make a way for 
 one's self by force, to sail. (Ger. 
 brechen. ) 
 
 S-brecan, to break open, force, 
 break to pieces, violate, conquer, 
 take by storm. 
 
 be-breoan, to rob or spoil by 
 breaking off, plucking. 
 
 for-brecan, to break to pieces, 
 destroy, violate. 
 
 ge-brecan, to break, break to 
 pieces, destroy, oppress. 
 
 t6-brecan, to break in pieces, 
 break through. 
 
 purh-brecan, to break through. 
 (Ger. durchbreclwn.) 
 
brecan — breagas 
 
 29 
 
 brecan, ic v. to roar, break. 
 br6c-hiaegl, st. n. clothes for the 
 
 thigh, breeches. 
 breed, st. f. breach, breaking, sor- 
 row. 
 bredan, st. abl. v. I. 1. to swing 
 round, swing, move, draw out, 
 draw,drag. — 2. to braid, knit, knot, 
 plait, weave. 
 
 S-brSdan, to swing, draw, take 
 away, draw back. 
 
 for-bredan, to change, trans- 
 form. 
 
 ge-brSdan, 1. to swing, draw, 
 unsheath. — 2. to breathe (drawing 
 in and giving forth breath). — 3. 
 to knit, plait. 
 ofer-bredan,t o draw over, cover, 
 on-bredan, to tear open, throw 
 open violently. 
 
 od-brddan, to withdraw, de- 
 prive. 
 
 to-brSdan, 1. to divide. — 2. to 
 spread out, stretch out. — 3. to 
 awake from sleep. — 4. to turn to, 
 turn about, 
 bredian, w. v. 
 
 ge-bredian, to restore flesh, 
 make fleshy. 
 bredwian, w. v. 
 
 a-bredwian, to strike down, kill, 
 bregan, w. v. to frighten, terrify. 
 
 a-brggan, same as above, 
 bregdan, st. abl. v. I. 1. to swing, 
 vibrate, draw, unsheath, brandish. 
 
 — 2. to knit, knot, plait, weave. 
 
 — 3. to change color, be parti- 
 colored. — 4. to modulate. — 5. to 
 turn or be transformed into. 
 (O. H. Ger. brettan.) 
 
 a-bregdan, to swing, draw, take 
 away, draw back. 
 
 for-bregdan, to draw over, 
 cover. 
 
 ge-bregdan, to swing. 
 
 ofer-bregdan, to draw over, 
 cover. 
 
 on-bregdan, to start up. 
 to-bregdan, 1. to divide, tear in 
 
 pieces, rend, lacerate. — 2. slcepe 
 tobregdan, to awake, wake up. 
 brego, bregu, brega, breogo, st. m. 
 
 prince, lord, master. (Icel. bi-agr.) 
 brego-rice, st. n. principality, king- 
 dom. 
 brego-r6f, adj. powerful like a ruler, 
 
 of heroic strength. 
 brego-stSl, st. m. throne, rule, 
 
 power. 
 brego-weard, st. m. ruler, prince, 
 
 lord, master. 
 bregnm, Oat. pi. See br§aw. 
 brehtm, st. m. sound, noise, tumult ; 
 
 — sudden, quick movement, 
 bieman, w. v. to celebrate, make 
 
 famous, 
 brember, st. m. bramble. (Cf. Ger. 
 
 brom-beere.) 
 bi§me,adj. widely known, celebrated, 
 
 renowned, noble, illustrious, 
 breme, adv. famously, gloriously. 
 bre~men, adj. celebrated, illustrious, 
 
 noble, glorious, 
 brtnan, w. v. to make or dye brown, 
 
 Run. 15 (Grein) ; — brened, burns, 
 
 =berned, 3d sig.pres. of bernan. 
 
 (B.-T.) 
 brengan, w. v., pret. brShte, to bring, 
 
 bear, lead, advance, present, offer. 
 ge-brengan, same as above. 
 brenting, st. m. ship, craft. 
 brgr, st. rn,. briar, thorny plant. 
 
 (Chaucer, brere.) 
 brerd, st. m. brim, edge, margin, 
 
 shore, bank, 
 bresne, adj. brazen, mighty, power- 
 ful, strong, 
 bretta (=brytta), v). m. ruler, lord. 
 breeder. See brodor. 
 bread, st. n. bread. (Ger. brot.) 
 breadian, w. v. 
 
 ge-breadian, to make fleshy, 
 
 restore, 
 breagas, nom. ace. pi. See brSaw, 
 
30 
 
 breahtm — brimwudu 
 
 breahtm, st. m. noise, cry, tumult, 
 
 rejoicing. (O. H. Ger. braht.) 
 breahtum-hwaet, adj. quick as the 
 
 wink of an eye, swift, 
 breatan, st. red. v. to break through, 
 
 demolish, cut in pieces, tear, de- 
 stroy, kill, 
 a-breatan, same as above. 
 breaw, st. m. eyelid. 
 breodian, to. v. to cry out. 
 breodwian, w. v. to strike, beat 
 
 down. 
 breogo, breomo, breotone. See 
 
 brego, brim, bryten. 
 bre"ost, st. n. breast, heart, mind, 
 
 thought, disposition. (Ger. brust.) 
 brgost-cearu, st. f. breast-care, 
 
 heart-sorrow, 
 brgost-cofa, w. m. the breast as the 
 
 seat of the feelings; — affections, 
 
 breast, heart, mind. 
 brebst-gehygd, st. f. n. thought of 
 
 the heart or mind, inner thought, 
 
 secret thought. 
 brebst-gepanc, st. m. heart-thought, 
 
 thought of the mind. 
 brgost-gewsedu, st. n. pi. breast- 
 weeds, coat of mail. 
 breost-bord, st. «. m. breast-hoard, 
 
 thought, heart, soul. 
 breost-loca, w. m. breast-iuclosure, 
 
 mind, heart. 
 brebst-net, st. n. breast-net, shirt 
 
 of chain-mail, coat of mail, 
 breost-sefa, w. m. breast-thought, 
 
 mind. 
 breost-toga,ro.m.breast-leader,chief. 
 brebst-weordung, st. f. ornament 
 
 worn on the breast, ornament. 
 brebst-wylm, st. m. heaving of the 
 
 breast, emotion, sorrow. 
 brebtan, st. abl. v. VI. to break, 
 
 break to pieces, destroy, kill. 
 
 (O. H. Ger. bretdn.) 
 a-brebtan, same as above. 
 breoton. See bryten. 
 breodan, st. abl. v. VI. 
 
 a-brebdan, to perish, be de- 
 stroyed ; — deteriorate. 
 
 brice, brice, briced. See bryoe, 
 bryce, brecan. 
 
 briog. See brycg. 
 
 brid, st. m. bird, the young (of any 
 of the feathered tribe). 
 
 bridel, st. m. bridle, rein. (O. H. 
 Ger. brittil.) 
 
 bridels, st. m. bridle, rein. 
 
 bridels-hring, st. m. bridle-ring. 
 
 brigd, st. re. change, variety of colors. 
 Pa. 26. 
 
 brihtan, w. v. 
 
 ge-brihtan, to brighten, make 
 beautiful. 
 
 brim, brym, st n. m. (brim), flood, 
 sea, ocean, wave. (Icel. brim..) 
 
 brim-ceald, adj. cold as the sea- 
 water, very cold. 
 
 brim-clif, st. n. seacliff, clifE washed 
 by the sea. 
 
 brim-faro, st. f. seaway, waves of 
 the ocean. Dan. 322. 
 
 brim-flod, st. m. seaflood, sea. 
 
 brim-fugol, st. m. seafowl, gull. 
 
 brim-gaest, -giest, st. m. seaguest, 
 sailor. 
 
 brim-hengest, st. m. seahorse, ship. 
 
 brim-hlaest, st. f. seaburden, fishes. 
 
 brim-lad, st. f. seaway, floodway, 
 sea-journey. 
 
 brim-lldend, part. & subs, seafarer, 
 sailor. 
 
 brim-man, st. m. seaman. 
 
 brim-nesen, st. f. safe sea-passage. 
 El. 1004. 
 
 brim-rad, st. f. searoad, sea. 
 
 brim-steed, st. n. seashore. 
 
 brim-stream, st. m. 1. seastream, 
 sea-flood, current, sea. — 2. a rapid 
 river. 
 
 brim-pisa, to. m. a noisy rusher over 
 the sea, ship. 
 
 brim-wisa, w. m. leader at sea, sea- 
 king. 
 
 brim-wudu, st. m. seawood, sea. 
 
brimwylf — brynewylm 
 
 31 
 
 brim-wylf, st. f. she seawolf . 
 
 brim-wylm, st. m. seawave, surge. 
 
 bringan, st. abl. v. I. to bring, bring 
 forward, lead to, adduce, produce, 
 bear, carry. (Ger. bringen.) 
 ge-bringan, same as above. 
 
 brinnan, st. abl. v. I. 
 
 on-brinnan, to influence, kindle. 
 
 brit = brided. See brgdan. 
 
 brittian. See bryttian. 
 
 broc, st.m. brook. (Ger. bruch.) 
 
 brocen, part. See brecan. 
 
 brocen, part. See bruoan. 
 
 broga, w. m. terror, fear, hon'or, 
 (O. H. Ger. brogo.) 
 
 brohte. See brengan. 
 
 broh-br§a, w. m. terrific calamity, 
 starvation. 
 
 brosiiian, w. v. to crumble, become 
 rotten, fall to pieces, disappear. 
 
 ge-brosnian, to corrupt, spoil, 
 destroy. 
 
 brosnung, st. f. corruption, decay, 
 ruin. 
 
 brodor, brSdur, irreg. n. dot. sg. 
 br§der, st. m. brother. (Ger. 
 bruder. ) 
 
 brodor-bana, w. m. brother-mur- 
 derer, fratricide. 
 
 br6dor-cwealm, st. m. brother-mur- 
 der, fratricide. 
 
 br6dor-gyld, st. n. brother-ven- 
 geance, vengeance for brothers. 
 Exod. 199. 
 
 br6dor-leas, adj. brotberless. 
 
 br6dor-sib, st. f. 1. brotherhood, 
 kinship of brothers. — 2. brotherly 
 love. 
 
 bru, brfin, st. f. eyebrow, brow. 
 (Ger. braue, braune.) 
 
 brucan, st. abl. v. VI. to use, make 
 use of, enjoy, have, possess. (Ger. 
 brauchen.) 
 ge-brucan, to enjoy fully. 
 
 brfln, adj. brown, having a metallic 
 color, dark, black. (Ger. braitn.) 
 
 bnin-ecg, adj. brown-edged, having 
 
 a steel-colored or gleaming blade, 
 brun-fag, adj. gleaming like metal, 
 
 browu-hued. 
 brun-wann, adj. dark brown, dusky. 
 bryoe, brice, st. m. break, injury. 
 bryoe, brice, adj. liable to break, 
 
 fragile, futile, fleeting. 
 bryce, brice, st. m. advantage, gain, 
 
 use, pains, labor. (Ger. branch.) 
 bryce, adj. useful, fit for use, ser- 
 viceable. 
 bryced. See brecan. 
 brycg, bricg, st. f. bridge. (Ger. 
 
 briicke.) 
 brycgan, -ian, w. v. to bridge, make 
 
 a bridge. 
 brycg-weard, st. m. bridgewarder, 
 
 keeper or defender of a bridge. 
 bryd, st. f. bride, betrothed woman, 
 
 young woman, woman, wife. (Ger. 
 
 braut.) 
 bryd-bur, st. n. woman's chamber, 
 
 bedchamber. 
 bryddan, w. v. 
 
 ge-bryddan, to frighten, terrify, 
 
 stun. 
 bryd-guma, w. m. betrothed man, 
 
 bridegroom, 
 br^d-lufe, w. f. a bride's love. 
 brygd. See brigd. 
 brygdan, w. v. to turn. 
 
 on-brygdan, to lift, raise up. 
 brym. See brim, 
 bryne, st. in. burning, fire, conflagra- 
 tion. (Ger. brunst; — Goth, brunsts). 
 bryne-broga, w. in. fear or dread of 
 
 fire, 
 bryne-gield, st. n. burnt-offering. 
 bryne-hat, adj. burning hot. 
 bryne-lebma, w. m. fire-flame, 
 
 flame. 
 bryne-tear, st. m. burning tear. 
 bryne-wylm, -wehn, st. m. waves of 
 
 a conflagration. 
 
32 
 
 bryrdan — burgbelu 
 
 bryrdan, w. v. to priek, goad, incite, 
 arouse, encourage. 
 in-bryrdan, same as above, 
 on-bryrdan, same as above. 
 
 bryta. See brytta. 
 
 bryten, breoton, adj. stretched out, 
 broad, roomy. 
 
 bryteu-grund, st. m. spacious land, 
 earth. 
 
 bryten-rlce, st. n. spacious kingdom. 
 
 bryten-wang, st. m. spacious plain, 
 world. 
 
 brytnian, w. v. to dispense, distribute, 
 administer. 
 
 brytta, bryta, w. m. dispenser, dis- 
 tributor, divider, governor; — ap- 
 pellation for king. (Icel. bryti.) 
 
 bryttian, brittian, w. v. to dispense, 
 distribute,impart,administer,enjoy. 
 
 bryden, st. f. broth, drink. 
 
 bu. See begen. 
 
 bfl, st. m.f f.t n.? pi. by; dwelling, 
 dwelling-place. (Ger. iau.) 
 
 biian, buwan, st. abl. VI. 1. to stay, 
 remain, dwell, live. — 2. to inhabit, 
 occupy. (Ger. bauen.) 
 
 ge-buan, to inhabit, occupy, to 
 make habitable or comfortable. 
 
 buend, part. & subs, dwelling, in- 
 habiting; — dweller, inhabitant. 
 
 bugan, st. abl. v. VI. to bow, bend, 
 bow down, sink, curve, give way, 
 turn, go, flee. (Ger. biegen.) 
 
 a-bugan, to bend off, curve 
 away from, incline, bow down; — 
 to be turned, turn one's self. 
 
 be-, bi-bugan, 1. to turn, hold one's 
 self at a distance, shun, avoid. — 2. 
 to go or flow around, encircle, sur- 
 round, shut in, inclose. — 3. intrans. 
 to reach, extend. 
 
 for-bugan, to turn away from, 
 shun, avoid. 
 
 ge-bugan, intrans. or w. ace. of 
 thing, to bend, bow, sink, submit, 
 on-bugan, 1. to escape, get off. 
 — 2. to invade, overwhelm. 
 
 buian, bugan, bugian, biiwian, w. v. 
 
 1. to stay, remain, dwell. — 2. to 
 
 inhabit, occupy. 
 bunden-stefna, adj. furnished with a 
 
 bound or well-joined prow. Grein. 
 bunden-stefna, w. m. a bound prow. 
 
 B.-T. 
 bune, w. f. can, cup, drinking-vessel. 
 bur, st. n. bower, room, lady's 
 
 chamber. (Ger. bauer.) 
 burg, burn, irreg. st. /.; sg. gen. 
 
 byrig, burge ; — dat. byrig, byrg; 
 
 — pi. nom. ace. byrig; — gen. 
 
 burga, byrga ; — dat. burgum 
 
 (-burgh, borough), city, castle, 
 
 fortress, Heaven, hell. (Ger. burg; 
 
 Goth, baurgs.) 
 burg-Sgend, part, possessing or 
 
 owning a fortress or palace. 
 burgent, st.f. city. El. 31. 
 burg-faesten, st. n. fortified city, 
 
 fortress, citadel. 
 bur-geteld, si. n. tent, bedchamber. 
 burg-geat, st. n. city gate. 
 burg-hlid, -hleod, st. n. fortress or 
 
 city height, — the height on which 
 
 a fortress or city stands. 
 burg-land, st. m. city land, land on 
 
 which the city stands,- city. 
 burg-lebde, st. f. pi. town-people, 
 
 citizens. (Ger. burg-leute.) 
 burg-loca, w. m. city inclosure, 
 
 barrier, city, castle-bar. 
 burg-raeced, st. n. city dwelling, 
 
 fortress. 
 burg-sael, st, n. castle-hall. 
 burg-sele, st. m. castle-hall, city 
 
 dwelling. 
 burg-sittende, part. & subs, inhab- 
 • itants of a city, citizens. 
 burg-stede, st. m. castle-place, place 
 
 where castle or city stands, city, 
 
 castle. 
 burg-steal, st. m. city-place, citadel. 
 burg-tun, st. m. city-hedge,the quick- 
 set hedge around a town. 
 burg-^elu, st. f. castle-floor. 
 
burgwara — byrhtan 
 
 33 
 
 burg-wara, w. m. inhabitant of the 
 city, citizen. 
 
 burg-waru, st. f. inhabitants of a 
 city as a body, citizens. 
 
 burg-wela, w. m. city wealth, treas- 
 ures. 
 
 burg-weall, st. m. city wall, wall. 
 
 burg-weard, st. m. castle warder, 
 city defender. 
 
 burg-wigend, part. & subs, warrior 
 of city, warrior. 
 
 trark. See burg. 
 
 burna, burne, w. m. f. (burn, 
 bourn), fountain, spring, brook, 
 water, river. (Ger. brunncn, born.) 
 
 burn-sele, si. m. spring or bath- 
 house. 
 
 bur-pegn, st. m. bower- thane, 
 chamberlain, page. 
 
 butan, buton, I. conj. 1. w. subj. but, 
 unless, except. — 2. w. ind. except, 
 unless, save that. — 3. without verb, 
 except. — II. prep. «•. dat. 1. out 
 of, against. An. 679. — 2. except, 
 without. 
 
 bute = butan, conj. w. subj. unless. 
 
 butu. See begen and twegen. 
 
 byogan, bicgan, byegean, w. v. buy, 
 procure. (Goth, bugjan.) 
 be-byegan, to sell. 
 ge-byegan, to buy, procure. 
 
 byden, st. f. butt, tun, cask, barrel. 
 (O. H. Ger. butin.) 
 
 bygan, bigan, -ean,w.v. to bow, bend, 
 bow down, humiliate, abase. 
 
 for-blgan, to bend in the wrong 
 direction, bow down, humiliate, 
 weaken, abase. 
 
 ge-bygan, to bow, bend, bow 
 down, curve, abase, break to 
 pieces. 
 
 on-bygan, to curve inward, 
 curve. 
 
 byht, st. m. corner, bay, dwelling, 
 abode, territory. (Ger. bucht.) 
 
 bylda, w. m. builder, householder, 
 proprietor. 
 
 byldan, w. v. to embolden, incite, 
 urge on, encourage, confirm. 
 ge-byldan, same as above. 
 
 byldan, ir. v. 
 
 ge-byldan, to make sad, sadden. 
 
 byldo, st. f. toil, misery, hardship. 
 
 byled-br6ost, adj. having a bill-like 
 breast. 
 
 bylgan, w. v. 
 
 2-bylgan, to insult, enrage, vex, 
 anger. 
 
 bylgian, w. v. [wrong, 
 
 a-bylgian, to be wanting, do 
 
 byme, w. f. trumpet. 
 
 bylwit, bylywrt. Gee bilwit. 
 
 byrdan, w. v. 
 
 geed-byrdan, to regenerate. 
 
 byrd-scipe, st. m. birthship, child- 
 bearing. 
 
 byrdu-sorud, st. n. shield ornament, 
 design upon a shield. 
 
 byre, St. m. son, young man, youth. 
 (Goth, baur.) 
 
 byre, st. m. opportunity, time. 
 
 byrele, st. m. steward, waiter, cup- 
 bearer. 
 
 byrelian, byrlian, w. v. to drink to 
 one, to taste before, drink, serve. 
 
 byred. See beran. 
 
 byrg, byrig. See burg. 
 
 byrgan, byrgian, byrigan, w. v. to 
 taste, feast, eat. (O. N. byrgja.) 
 ge-byrgan, to taste, feast, eat. 
 on-byrgan, same as above. 
 
 byrgan, byrigan, w. v. to hide, 
 bury, inter. (Ger. bergen.) 
 
 be-, bi- byrgan, to raise a mound 
 to, bury, inter. 
 
 byrgen, st. f. mound, grave, tomb. 
 
 byrgend, part. & subs, burier, grave- 
 digger. 
 
 byrged. See beorgan. 
 
 byrht, adj. bright, shining, clear, 
 clear-toned, loud. 
 
 byrhtan, w. v. to shine. 
 
 ge-byrhtan, to lighten, illumine, 
 make celebrated. 
 
34 
 
 byrhtm — campwudu 
 
 byrhtm, st. m. breaking, crash, noise, 
 byrhtu, st. f. brightness, splendor. 
 byrht-word, adj. olear-voieed. 
 byrhd. See beorgan. 
 byrian, w. v. 
 
 ge-byrian, to happen, occur. 
 byrian, w. <o. 
 
 ge-byrian, to beseem, be be- 
 coming, fit, proper. 
 byrlian. See byrelian. 
 byrman, w. v. 
 
 ge-byrman, to ferment, leaven; 
 part, proud, swollen. 
 byrnan, w. v. to burn, consume. 
 byrne, w. f. burnie, corselet, shirt 
 
 of mail. (Ger. hriinne.) 
 
 byrne, w. f. burn, rushing brook, 
 
 torrent. [mail. 
 
 byrn-hama, w. m. corselet, coat of 
 
 byrn-hom, st. m. corselet, coat of 
 
 mail, 
 byrn-wiga, w. m. warrior clad in 
 coat-of-mail. [above. 
 
 byrn-wigend, part. & subs, same as 
 byrst, st. m. loss, damage, defect. 
 byrd. See beran. 
 
 byrden, st /. burthen, burden, load, 
 
 weight. (Ger. biirde.) 
 bysen, bisen, st. f. 1. pattern, ex- 
 ample, similitude, resemblance, 
 parable. — 2. command, order, pre- 
 cept. 
 
 bysgian, bisgian, biesgian, bysigan, 
 w. v. to be busy, engaged, occupy, 
 afflict, vex, torment. 
 2-bysgan, to occupy, engage. 
 ge-bysgan, to be busy, occupy, 
 master, seize, perfect, disquiet, 
 vex, torment. 
 
 bysgu, bysigu, bisgu, st. f. work, 
 labor, exertion, pains, trouble, 
 affliction. 
 
 bysmer, bysmerian. See bisiner, 
 bismerian. 
 
 byst. See beon. 
 
 bytla, w. m. builder? houseowner? 
 Gu. 119, 705. 
 
 bytlian, w. v. to build, erect. 
 
 byd. See bgon. 
 
 bywan, w. v. to arrange, adorn, or- 
 nament. (O. N. bua.) 
 2-bywan, to clean, purify. 
 
 c 
 
 e£g, c&ge, st. & w. /. key. 
 
 caf, adj. ready, quick, active, adroit, 
 
 prompt. 
 cafe, adv. quickly, promptly. 
 cafer-tiin, st. m. court or vestibule of 
 
 a temple or palace, 
 caf-lice, adv. quickly, manfully, 
 
 valiantly. 
 oalc-rand, -rond, adj. supplied with 
 
 shoes, shod. 
 cald, caldu. See oeald, cealdu. 
 calend, si. m. 1. month. — 2. life, 
 
 end of life ? Sal. 479. 
 calic, st m. chalice, cup. 
 calu, adj. bald, without hair, callow. 
 
 (Ger. kahl.) 
 
 cambol, combol (=cumbol), st m. 
 
 sign, standard, 
 camp, st m. f etterf or the feet, fetter, 
 
 chain. 
 camp, comp, st m . battle, combat, 
 
 fight, contest. (Ger. hampf.) 
 campian, compian, w. v. to fight, 
 
 strive, contest. (Ger. Mmpfen.) 
 camp-rsfeden, st /. military service, 
 
 contest. 
 camp-stede, st m. battlefield, place 
 
 of battle. [weapon. 
 
 camp-wa3pen, st n. war or battle- 
 camp-wig, st m. n. battle, contest, 
 camp-wudu, st m. war- wood, spear, 
 
 shield? 
 
35 
 
 can. See cunnan. 
 
 c£n, st. to. germ, sprout? Ps. 79, 
 
 10. (Ms. tdnas.) 
 candel, condel, st. f. candle, light. 
 cann, canst. See cunnan. 
 cautic, st. m. canticle, song. 
 carc-ern, st. n. prison-house, prison. 
 caru. See cearu. 
 caser-dom, st. m. rule or sway of an 
 
 emperor, imperial rule, 
 casere, st. m. emperor. 
 ceder, st. f. cedar, 
 ceder-beam, st. to. cedar-tree, cedar, 
 cegan, cegian, w. v. to call, invoke, 
 
 name. 
 celan, w. v. 
 
 a-celan, to cool off, still, quiet, 
 cele, st. m. coldness, cold. 
 celod, cellod, adj. keeled, in the 
 
 form of a skiff, hollow, 
 cempa, w. m. warrior, fighter, hero, 
 
 champion. 
 cSn, st. m. pine, pine- torch; — name 
 
 for the Eune c. (Ger. Men.) 
 cSne, adj. keen, bold, warlike. (Ger. 
 
 kiihn.) 
 cennan, w. v. 1. to beget, to bear, 
 bring forth. — 2. to create, make, 
 prove, attribute. (Ger. Icennen.) 
 
 a-cennan, to beget, conceive, 
 bring forth, bear. 
 cennan, w. v. to confess, explain, 
 show, proclaim, ascribe, impute, 
 (cf. Ger. helcennen.) 
 
 ge-cennan, to acknowledge,con- 
 fess. 
 cendu, st. f. keenness, boldness, 
 cepa, w. m. chapman, merchant, 
 cepan, w. v. 
 
 ge-cSpan, to buy, purchase. 
 cerge, cerr. See cearig, cyrr. 
 cerran, w. v. 1. to turn, turn about. 
 — 2. to turn one's self, return. 
 
 a-cerran, to turn off or from ; — 
 turn one's self, go. 
 
 be-cerran, to turn, turn round, 
 convert. 
 
 ge-cerran, 1. to turn, turn 
 round, change. — 2. to turn one's 
 self, turn one's self round, go, re- 
 turn. 
 
 on-cerran, 1. to turn round or 
 about, change, alter, transform. — 
 2. to turn ofE or away. — 3. to turn 
 one's self, go. 
 
 ymb-cerran, to turn round, 
 wander about, make the circuit of. 
 cest, cester. See cist, ceaster. 
 ceafer-tun. See cafer-tun. 
 ceafl, st. m. beak, mouth, jaw, jaw- 
 bone, snout. (Ger. lciefel.) 
 ceafor, st. m. beetle, chafer. (Ger. 
 
 Jcafer.) 
 ceald, cald, adj. cold. (Ger. Jcalt.) 
 ceald, cald, st. n. coldness, cold, 
 ceald-heort, adj. cold-hearted, in- 
 human, cruel. 
 cealdian, w. v. to become cold. (Cf. 
 
 Ger. erlcalten.) 
 cealdu, caldu, st. f. coldness, cold. 
 cealf, calf, st. »., n. pi. cealfas and 
 
 cealfru, calf. (Ger. kalb.) 
 ceallian, w. v. to call, call out, 
 
 shout. (Scand. Tcalla.) 
 ceap, st.m. cattle ; — purchase, trans- 
 action, price, sale, bargain, object 
 of sale or price, possession, prop- 
 erty, especially cattle. (Ger. 
 kauf.) 
 ce"ap-§adig, adj. rich in cattle, goods, 
 
 rich, wealthy, 
 cgapian, w. v. (to cheapen), 1. to 
 buy, purchase. — 2. to endeavor to 
 bribe. (Ger. lcaufen.) 
 
 ge-ceapian, to bargain, trade, 
 buy, pay. 
 cSapung, st. f. buying and selling, 
 
 trade, business. 
 cear, adj. anxious, careful, full of 
 
 anxiety, 
 cearc.st. m.t nJ sorrow, care; — crex 
 = cers, cearces ? El. 610. (ms. 
 rex. Zupitsa.) 
 
36 
 
 cearelice — eld 
 
 eeare-lice, adv. sorrowfully, miser- 
 
 ' ably, 
 cear-ful, adj> careful, sorrowful, 
 cear-gasst, -gest, st. m. care-guest, 
 
 guest of sorrow, devil. 
 cear-gealdor, st. n. sorrowful song 
 
 or speech. 
 cearian, w. v. to care, take care, 
 
 trouble one's self. 
 cearig, adj. chary, sad, sorrowful, 
 
 dire, 
 cear-leas, adj. careless, free from 
 
 care or sorrow, reckless. 
 cear-seld, st. n. dwelling of sorrow, 
 
 home of care. 
 cear-sid, st. m. sorrowful way, un- 
 dertaking bringing sorrow, sad 
 fortune, fate. 
 cear-sorg, st. f. careful, sorrowful 
 
 anxiety. 
 cearu, caru, st. f. care, sorrow, lam- 
 entation, grief. (Goth. Icara.) 
 cear-wylm, -waelm, -welm, st. m. 
 waves of sorrow, anxious emotion. 
 ceas, st. f. strife, quarrel, battle. 
 
 (O. H. Ger. kdsa.) 
 ceaster, cester, st. f. fortified place, 
 
 castle, city; — heaven. 
 ceaster-buend, part. & subs, inhab- 
 itants of a fortress, town, or city. 
 ceaster-hlid, st n. castle or city lid, 
 
 gate. 
 ceaster-hof, st. n. house or building 
 
 in the city, 
 ceaster-wara, w. m. inhabitant of a 
 
 city, citizen, 
 ceol, clol, st. m. keel, ship. (Ger. 
 
 kiel.) 
 ceolas, st. m. pi. cold winds, cold. 
 Ceole, w. f. throat. (Ger. Icehle.) 
 c€ol-]?elu, st. f. keel-boarding, ship. 
 ceorfan, st. abl. v. I. to carve, cut, 
 cut down, hew, engrave. (Ger. 
 kertyn.) 
 
 a-ceorfan, to hew off, cut off. 
 be-ceorfan, to cut off, separate. 
 for-ceorfan, to cut apart, cut off. 
 
 ceorl, st. m. churl* a man of lower 
 class, husbandman,' countryman, 
 freeman, man, husband, hero. 
 (Ger. Icerl.) 
 ceosan, ciosan, st. abl. v. VI. 1. to 
 choose, pick out, assume, elect, 
 seek.— 2. to accept. (Ger. kiesen.) 
 ge-ceosan, to choose, select, 
 elect, seek out, seek, attain, obtain, 
 take up. 
 cgowan, st. abl. v. VI. to chew, 
 gnaw, eat, consume. (Ger. kauen.) 
 be-ceowan, bi-, to chew thor- 
 oughly, gnaw in pieces. 
 cldan, w. v. to chide, contend, strive, 
 
 quarrel, rebuke, complain, 
 cigan, ciegan, -ean, cygan, w. v. 
 1. to call, call upon, invoke. — 2. 
 to name. — 3. to call, cry aloud. 
 
 S-clgan, to call, call to one, or 
 hither. 
 cild, st. n. child. 
 
 cild-geoiig, adj. young as a child, 
 cild-had, st. m. childhood, 
 cildisc, adj. childish, puerile, 
 cile, cime, cimd. See cyle, cyme, 
 
 cuman. 
 cin-berg, st. f. ohin-def ense, visor. 
 cing. See cyning. 
 cinnan, st. abl. v. I.- to gape, yawn, 
 bring forth? Beim. 52. 
 
 for-cinnan,to deny,disown,repu- 
 diate. Sal. 107. 
 cir. See cyrr. 
 circe, cirice, cyrce, cyrice, w. f. 
 
 church, temple. (Ger. kirche.) 
 circ-nyt, st /. church-service. 
 circul, st m. circle. 
 cire, cirice. See eyre, circe. [roar. 
 cirm, cyrm, st m. noise, shout, up- 
 cirman, cyrman, to. v. to make a 
 
 noise, shout. 
 cirran, w. v. to turn. 
 
 on-cirran, to turn, change, 
 cist. See cyst. 
 
 old, st m. germ, bud, sprout, some- 
 thing growing, grass. 
 
cierr — cneo 
 
 37 
 
 cierr, ciegan, ciest. See cyrr, 
 cigau, cyst (oist). 
 
 ciol, ciosan. See ceol, ceosan. 
 
 clS, st. /. claw, nail, hoof. (Ger. 
 klaue.) 
 
 cleene, clene, adj. clean, pure, chaste, 
 innocent, just, whole ; — noble,holy, 
 shining, brilliant; — sagacious, in- 
 genious, acute, intellectual. (Gei\ 
 klcin.) 
 
 clsene, clene, adv. clean, entirely, 
 fully. ' 
 
 elsen-georn, adj. yearning after or 
 desirous of purity. 
 
 clsen-llc, adj. cleanly, pure, clean. 
 
 cleen-nes, st. f. cleanness, purity. 
 
 clcensian, w. v. to cleanse, purify. 
 ge-cleensian, same as above. 
 
 clam, clom, st. m.f. (nj) fetter, chain; 
 — figuratively, of a strong grip, 
 net, fold, prison. 
 
 clansian, w. v. 
 
 ge-clansian, to cleanse, purify. 
 
 clad, st. m. cloth, dress, clothes, 
 swaddling-cloth. (Ger. kleid.) 
 
 clawe. See clS. 
 
 clemman, w. v. 
 
 be-clemman, to fetter, shut in, 
 inclose. (Ger. beklemmen.) 
 
 clene. See cleene. 
 
 clengan = glengan, to adorn? or is 
 clenged (Ra. 29, 8) a subst.? 
 (Grein.) 
 
 clengan, w. v. to exhilarate. (B.-T.) 
 
 cleo, st. f. claw, hoof. 
 
 cleofa, w. m. cleft, hole, cell, cham- 
 ber, tent, den. 
 
 cleofan, st. abl. v. VI. to cleave, 
 split. (Ger. klieben.) 
 
 to-cleofan, to split, cleave asun- 
 der. 
 
 cleofian (clifian), w. v. to cleave, 
 stick. 
 
 cleopian, w. v. to call, call out, cry. 
 
 cleowen, st. a. clew, ball of thread, 
 ball. 
 
 clibbor, adj. sticky, adhesive. (O. H. 
 Ger. klebar.) 
 
 clif, cleof, st. n. cliff, rook, promon- 
 tory. (Ger, Mippe.) 
 
 clifan, st. abl. v. V. 
 
 od-clifan, to stick, cleave, ad- 
 here. 
 
 clingan, st. all. v. I. to cling, shrink, 
 draw up, pine, wither, become 
 weak, 
 be-clingan, to surround, bind. 
 ge-clingan, to contract, draw 
 up, shrivel. 
 
 clipian, w. v. to call. 
 
 clom. See clam. 
 
 clus, st. f. cell, lockup, prison. (Ger. 
 klause. ) 
 
 cluster, st. ■«, lock, bar, barrier, cell. 
 (Ger. kloster.) 
 
 clustor-cleofa.ir.w. prison-chamber, 
 cell. 
 
 clymmian, w. u. to climb, ascend. 
 
 clympre, w. m. clump or lump of 
 metal, metal. 
 
 clynian, w. v. to clang, resound. 
 
 clypian, w. v. to call, cry. (Chaucer 
 clepe. Cf. y-clept.) 
 
 clyppan, w. v. to clip, clasp, embrace. 
 (Icel. klippa.) 
 be-, bi- clyppan, same as above. 
 ymb-clyppan, same as above. 
 
 clypung, st.f. calling, cry, prayer. 
 
 clysan, w. v. 
 
 be-clysan, to close, shut to. 
 
 cnSwan, st. red. v. 
 
 ge-cnawan, to know, perceive, 
 recognize. (O. H. Ger. kndjan.) 
 
 on-cntwan, to know, perceive, 
 recognize ; — distinguish, hear ; — 
 to look back upon, acknowledge, 
 confess. 
 
 cnea, gen. pi. of cne*o, race, rela- 
 tionship. 
 
 cnear, st m. ship. (Icel. knarri.) 
 
 cn§o, cn6ow, st. n. knee. (Ger. 
 knie.) 
 
38 
 
 OnSO— CTEBt 
 
 cneo, cneow, at. n. generation, rela- 
 tionship, race. 
 
 cneodau, st. abl. v. VI. 
 
 ge-cneodan, to join to, give, 
 dedicate. 
 
 cneo-magas, st. m. pi. kinsfolk of 
 the same race or generation. 
 
 cneo-rim, st. in. member of the tribe 
 or kinsfolk, progeny, family. 
 
 cneo-ris, st. f. generation, progeny, 
 posterity,race,tribe,family,nation. 
 
 cneo-sib, st. f. generation, race. 
 
 cneow. See cneo. 
 
 cnilit, cnyht, st. m. 1. knight, boy, 
 youth.— 2. servant. Met. 26, 85. 
 (Ger. knecht.) 
 
 cniht-geong, adj. young as a child. 
 
 cniht-wesende, part, still being a 
 child or boy, while still a boy. 
 
 cnoll, st. m. knoll, hilltop, summit. 
 (Ger. knollen.) 
 
 cnosl, st. n. posterity, race, kin, fam- 
 ily, tribe, progeny. 
 
 cnossian, w. v. to be struck or hit 
 upon, to bound against. 
 
 cnyht. See cniht. 
 
 cnyssan, w. v. to strike, hit upon, 
 dash against each other, press, 
 excite, disquiet, vex, disturb. 
 ge-cnyssan,to press,oppress,vex. 
 on-cnyssan, same as above. 
 
 c6c, st. m. cook. (Ger. koch.) 
 
 cdcer-panna, w. m. f. cooking-pan, 
 frying-pan. 
 
 cocor, st. m. 1. sword, spear. — 2. 
 quiver for arrows, case. 
 
 cofa, w. m. cove; hence, chamber, 
 room, couch. 
 
 cofor-fl6d, st. m. sea of Galilee. 
 
 cohhetan, w. v. to give forth a vio- 
 lent sound; — to cough, puff and 
 blow (Grein) ; to bluster (B.-T.). 
 
 col, st. n. coal. (Ger. koMe.) 
 
 c61, adj. cool. (Ger. Icuhl.) 
 
 colian, w. v. to become cool, cool; 
 to be cold. (Ger. liililen.) 
 S-cSlian, same as above. 
 
 collen- ferd, -ferhd, -fyrhd, adj. lit- 
 erally, of swollen mind or heart, 
 in consequence of either sorrow or 
 anger, high-minded, noble, bold, 
 courageous. 
 
 col-nes, st. f. coolness. 
 
 com. See cuman. 
 
 combol. See cambol. 
 
 cometa, w. m. comet. 
 
 comp, compian. See camp, cam- 
 pian. 
 
 con, conn, const. See cunnan. 
 
 corn, st. n. corn, grain, seed. (Ger. 
 /corn.) 
 
 cordor, st. n. herd, flock, troop, 
 band, army, retinue, throng, crowd. 
 
 cost, part, tried, proved. 
 
 costian, w. v. to try, tempt, prove, 
 test, examine; — to bring into dan- 
 ger, into temptation. (Ger. kosten.) 
 ge-costian, the same as above. 
 
 costing, st. f. trial, temptation, trib- 
 ulation. 
 
 costnung, st. f. same as above. 
 
 costung, st. f. same as above. 
 
 coda, cddu, w. m. f. & St. f. evil, dis- 
 ease, sickness. 
 
 cod-lice, adv. ill, miserably. 
 
 craeft, st. m. 1. craft, skill,art, talent, 
 power, cunning, physical strength. 
 — 2. » great quantity. B. 2222. — 
 3. craft, vessel, ship. (Ger. kraft.) 
 
 craeftan, w. v. 
 
 ge-craeftan, to effect, bring 
 about. 
 
 craeftga. See craeftiga. 
 
 craeft-glSaw, adj. artful, skillful, 
 wise. 
 
 craeftig, creaftig, adj. crafty, pow- 
 erful, strong, mighty, skillful, ar- 
 tistic, cunning, virtuous. (Ger. 
 (kraftig.) 
 
 craeftig a, craeftga, w. m. craftsman, 
 artist, workman, artificer, artist, 
 architect. 
 
 craet, st. n. cart, wagon, carriage. 
 (Ger. krfitze.) 
 
crex — odd 
 
 ;;t> 
 
 crex = cere. £00 oearc. 
 
 crsaftig, mty'. See cneftig. 
 
 creodau. xt. uttl. r, VI. to crowd, 
 press, drive. 
 
 crtopnn, (.-.'. «W. i\ VI. to creep, 
 crawl. i^ >r - kritntoH.) 
 
 be-creopau, to creep iuto.crawl. 
 slip into. 
 
 crib, cryb, at. /. crib. lAior. fcrtpi*.) 
 
 criucan. ,<;.-. «W. •'. I. to become ill. 
 fall, 
 ge-crincan. same as above. 
 
 cringan, crincgau. ,«:. «M. r. I. to 
 cringe, become ilC fall, stihniit, 
 siuk in death. 
 ge-cringau. same as above. 
 
 crist, >". w. anointed one, Christ. 
 
 cristallum, «ei\ .-•. crystal. IV. 
 U7. 6. 
 
 cristeu, ot(»\ christian. 
 
 cristuiau. tr. r. to christen, chris- 
 tiauite, baptino. 
 
 croda. gecrod *t. m, & .».'. *. crowd, 
 throng. 
 
 cryb, eroded. See crib, crebdan. 
 
 cu, pi. of. cv?. a./, cow. \t?er. **A.) 
 
 cue. See cwic. 
 
 culfre. cuhifre. tr. /. dovv. p%c«u. 
 
 culpe. *./. fault, sin. 
 
 cunia. ir. w. new-comer, guest. 
 
 cuman, at. «tM. r. II. (fr*t, cSm and 
 ew6m\ to come. go; — often used 
 with inf. of a verb of motion, ex- 
 pressing various adverbial rela- 
 tions, manner, purpose. &e. (l>er. 
 kx'mma.) 
 i-ciunan. to come, oxmie out. 
 an-cunum, h> arrive. it<vr. ««•- 
 
 tew WD, } 
 
 be-> bt cunian, to become, happen, 
 befall, cvune. arrive, reach, ap- 
 proach, enter: — eome into, eome 
 tosrether. 
 
 for-cuinan. to eome before, sur- 
 prise, excel, conquer. 
 
 fore-cumau. t© come before, 
 prevent. 
 
 ofer-cuxntui, to overoomo, with- 
 stand, fall upon, attack, compel, 
 oeuquer; — imptrx. Poor. -0>. 
 
 cumbol, ,«f. m. sign, — especially » 
 military standard, ensign, banner; 
 — a cognisance or sign worn upon 
 the helmet. 
 
 cumbol-gebrec, ,<*, u. breakiug or 
 hewing holmot-sigus m battle; — 
 crash of helmets. 
 
 cumbol-gebu&d, .<.'. «. eoutliet of 
 banners, battle. 
 
 cuuibol-gehu£st,.<>-t.M.same as above. 
 
 cumbol-haga, tr. m. a protecting or- 
 nament on the helmet if Jul. ;U>o 
 v Grein)»— compact rank, phalanx 
 
 cumbol-bete. at. m. hate signified 
 by opposing standards, hate. 
 
 cnmbol-wiga, «\ m. warrior. 
 
 cumbor = cumbol. 
 
 cuud. m(j. derived or sprung from. 
 1.0. H. tier. -*'*«i(.) 
 
 ctuiuau. »\ pr*t. pit a., |M<>\ n>ff. 1. can. 
 cou.cviuu.conu. — 2. canst, const; 
 pi. cuuuon ; { >»■**. cude ; — 1. ir.tttv. 
 to know, be acquainted with. — 
 2. w. inf. can, know how to. (,Ger. 
 twnMen.) 
 
 ou-ciuuian. w. »•. to make known, 
 aoouse. attaek. 
 
 cunnian, (r. r. to investigate, inquire 
 into. try. prove, experience. 
 
 ge-ennnian. to inquire into. try. 
 prove, seek for. search out, expe- 
 rience. 
 
 cuuuung. <.*./. trial, temptation. 
 
 cusc. «n(i. chaste, modest, honorahle. 
 (t.n>r. tr<*se ',•."> 
 
 cud, «t«jj. ^ef. NNi»ttfftV 1 known. 
 well known, celebrated, clear, ev- 
 ident, et^rtii ui. suiv —2. familiar, 
 friojulty. affable, kind. — 3. usual. 
 cu-tomary.- 4. haviusr the praise 
 of excellence, of ben'sr w -ell known, 
 fa«ue»i. celebrate*!. — 5 su.r«>, s;U>. 
 trustworthy. ^Oer. iwntf.) 
 
4:0 
 
 cude — cwyst 
 
 cude, adv. clearly, plainly. 
 
 cudice = cud-lice, adj. the same as 
 
 above. 
 cud-lice, adv. 1. certainly, surely, 
 plainly, evidently. — 2. therefore, 
 to be sure (Cod. 141), hence (Bout. 
 Ev.) 3. familiarly, friendly, kindly, 
 'affably.— 4. nobly (B. 244), openly, 
 publicly (H.-S). 
 cwacian, w. v. to quake, tremble, 
 cwalu, st. f. murder, violent death, 
 
 death, destruction. (Ger. qual.) 
 cwanian, w. v. to complain, lament, 
 
 bemoan. 
 cweccan, w. r. to move, swing. 
 
 a-cweccan, the same as above, 
 cwelan, st. dbl. v. II. to die. 
 
 a-cwelan, the same as above. 
 cwellan, w. v. (pret. cwealde), to 
 quell, kill. (Ger. qualen.) 
 a-cwellan, the same as above. 
 cwelm. See cwealm. 
 cwelman, w. v. to kill, put to death, 
 cwgman.jc.u. to be agreeable,please, 
 delight, satisfy, comply with, serve, 
 be obedient to. (Ger.liequemen.) 
 ge-cwSman, same as above. 
 cw§n, st. '/. 1. woman. — 2. wife. — 
 
 3. queen, empress. 
 cwgne, w. f. woman. 
 cwgn-llc, adj. womanly, feminine, 
 
 queenly, 
 cwedan, st. abl. v. III. quoth, to 
 say, speak. (Goth. qit>an.) 
 
 asfter-cwedan, to speak after; — 
 pres. part, praising after death. 
 
 a-cwedan, to speak out, say out, 
 say. 
 
 be-, bi- cwedan, l. to say. — 
 2. to blame, reproach. 
 
 for-cwedan, to boast, promise 
 great things. 
 
 ge-cwedan, to say, speak. 
 on-cwedan, 1. to address, ac- 
 cost. — 2. answer. — 3. resound, to, 
 make or give an answer or reply 
 to. D6m..l44. 
 
 cwealde. See cwellan. 
 cwealm, cwelm.si.m.qualm, violent 
 
 death, death, destruction, torment, 
 
 pain. (Ger. qualm.) 
 cwealm-bealu, st. n. evil of murder, 
 
 deadly evil. 
 cwealm-cuma, w. m. death-bringer, 
 
 death-plotting guest. 
 cwealm-drgor, st. m. death's blood, 
 
 bloodshed of death. . 
 cwealm-prea, indecl. m.t deadly 
 
 terror. 
 cwic, cwyc, cwuc, cue, adj. quick, 
 
 having life, ^ilive. (Ger. keck.) 
 cwicen, adj. the same as above. 
 cwic-hr6rende, part, moving with 
 
 life; moving the living? Sen. 5. 
 cwician,cwycian, w. v. to quicken, 
 
 give life to. 
 
 S.-cwician, the same as above. 
 ge-cwician, the same as above. 
 cwic-lifigende, part, living. 
 cwic-susl, st. n. eternal punishment, 
 
 pains of hell. 
 cwicu, adj. alive, living. 
 cwicu-lice, adv. quickly vividly, 
 cwiddian, w. < . 
 
 hearm-cwiddian, to lay hold of 
 
 craftily, calumniate, reproach. 
 cwide, cwyde, st. m. saying, speech, 
 
 thought, judgment, teaching. 
 cwide-gied, st. /,. speech, news, 
 
 (Grein);— song, ballad (Bi-T.). 
 cwlst, cwid. See cwedan. 
 cwldan, st. ail. v. V. to complain, 
 
 bemoan, mourn, lament. (Ieel. 
 
 kwida.) 
 cwide. See cwide. 
 cwom. See cuman. 
 cwuc, cwyc, cwycian, cwyddian, 
 
 cwyde. See cwic, cwiccan, 
 
 cwiddian, cwide. 
 cVyld-r6f, adj. deadly bold, mur- 
 derous, savage, 
 cwylman, w. v. to kill, slay. 
 cwyst, cwyd. See cwedan. 
 
cwyd — cyrran 
 
 41 
 
 cwyd, sf./. what is proniised,oursef 
 
 Gen. 1396. 
 cygan. See cigan. 
 cyle, cile, *-f. m. chill, coldness, cold. 
 
 (Ger. HiMle.) 
 cyle-gjcel, sfc m. cold icicles. 
 cyll, cylle, «f. f. w. skin, bottle. 
 
 flagon. (Ieel. kytiir.) 
 cym. See cmnan. 
 cyme, cime, *t m. coming, arrival, 
 cyme, adj. becoming.lovely.glorious, 
 
 splendid, 
 cyme, cymest, cymed. See cnman. 
 cym-lic,a«g.comely,loTely. splendid, 
 cym-lice, orfr. conveniently, fitly, 
 
 beautifully, splendidly, grandly. 
 cymd. See cnman. 
 cyn, adj. becoming, seeming, fit, 
 
 proper: — in the pi. used as a >-.<?.>•. 
 
 =the becoming, the suitable, that 
 
 which is suitable or proper, 
 cyn, j;f. ». kin, race, genus (= all 
 
 species of one kind ).kiud : — erowd, 
 
 heap, multitude, folk, people. 
 
 nation, tribe, family, offspring, 
 
 progeny; — kind, nature, quality. 
 cynde, adj. natural, innate, inborn. 
 cynde-lic, the same as above, 
 cyne, adj. kinglike, noble. 
 cyne=c6ne, adj. keen, bold, brave, 
 cyne-beald, adj. remarkably brave 
 
 (Grein"*: — cyning-balde, hj. nolvy 
 
 bold ^ Thorpe): — excellently brave 
 
 (Heyne). B. 1634. 
 cyne-beaxn, .<?. «. royal child, noble 
 
 son, Christ, 
 cyne-cyn, st. ». royal race, kingly 
 
 family. 
 cyne-dom, .*?. <*. kingdom, royal 
 
 sway, power. 
 cyne-gerela, te. m. royal dress. kingly 
 
 robe, 
 cyne-god r.dj. of good family, noble, 
 
 well-born, 
 cyne-gold, >i. n. royal gold, crown. 
 
 diadem. 
 cyne-lic, adj. kingly, noble. 
 
 ■' cyne-lice, adr. in a kingly manner, 
 , nobly, royally. 
 
 ; cyae-riee, st. m. kingdom, rule, gov- 
 ernment. 
 , cyne-rof, adj. kingly bold, very 
 1 brave, 
 cyne-stol, st. in. royal sear, throne, 
 
 dwelling, city, 
 cyne-prym, .-:. in. royal glory. worth, 
 
 renown, majesty, 
 cyne-word, v .-r. h. a word by which 
 
 the race or family is made known * 
 
 proper, fitting. Bfi. -U. 16. 
 cycling, pining, cyng, cing, kyning, 
 
 kynincg, st. in. king, earthly king, 
 
 God. Christ, — occasionally Satan. 
 
 (Ger. hmig.) 
 cyning-beald? See cynebeald 
 cyning-dom. f t. m. kingdom, rule, 
 cyn-lice, adr. in a becoming, lit, 
 
 proper manner, 
 cynn. See cyn. 
 cyn-ren, st. ». progeny, posterity. 
 
 kind, 
 cypan, ir. r. to sell, barter. 
 
 ge-cypan, to purchase, buy. 
 cypera, it. in. kipper, kind of fish. 
 
 Met. 19. 12. 
 cyrce, cyrice. See circe. 
 eyre, st. in. choice, option, free will, 
 
 will. (Ger. kar. ktir.) 
 cyre-beald, at{j. bold in choosing, 
 
 bold, firm, 
 cynn, cyrman. See cirm, cirman. 
 cyrr, cierr, st. m. change, space of 
 
 time ; — set snninm cyrre, at some 
 
 time. once, 
 cyrran, ir. r . 1_ to turn. — 2. to turn 
 
 one"s self . go. return. vGer.lwkrm.) 
 a-cyrran, to turn away from. 
 
 avert. 
 ge-cyrran.l.to turn, turn about. 
 
 2. to turn one's sell. go. return. — 
 
 3. to go, it. o^rnate act. 
 mis-cyrran, to turn around. 
 
 pervert. 
 
42 
 
 cyrten — das glong 
 
 on-cyrran, to turn, turn about, 
 change. — 2. to turn away, avert. 
 
 3. to turn one's self, go. 
 dd-cyrran, to turn one's self 
 
 away from, be turned. 
 ymb-cyrran, to turn around, 
 
 go around, make the circuit of. 
 cyrten, adj. chaste, beautiful, 
 cyspan, ic. v. to bind, fetter. 
 cyssan, w. v. to kiss. (Ger. kilssen. ) 
 
 ge-oyssan, to kiss. 
 cyst, adj. chosen, desirable. 
 cyst, st. f. 1. free will, choice. — 2. 
 
 choice, election. — 3. ic. gen. pi. 
 
 what is chosen, best of its kind. — 
 
 4. virtue, excellence, goodness. — 
 
 5. generosity, munificence. 
 cyst, cist, cest, st. f. chosen body, 
 
 cohort, 
 cystig, adj. just, upright, good. 
 cyte, w. f. cot, hut, den, cave, eelL 
 
 cyd,cydd, st. f. 1. home.— 2. conn- 
 try, region, place. (Ger. kunde.) 
 
 cydan, w. v. to make known, an- 
 nounce, relate, tell, inform, to 
 speak, utter, pronounce. — 2. to 
 make celebrated, uncover, reveal, 
 declare, manifest, prove, show, 
 confess,do,perform. (GeT.kunden.) 
 a-cydan, to proclaim, manifest, 
 let be known, strengthen, demon- 
 strate, prove. 
 
 for-cydan, to conquer in a dis- 
 pute. Sal. 176, 206. 
 
 ge-cydan, to make known, give 
 information, announce, speak out, 
 say out, tell, utter, inform. — 2. to 
 make known, uncover, reveaLman- 
 if est, show, proclaim, effect. — 3. to 
 make celebrated. 
 
 cyddu, st. f. home. 
 
 D 
 
 deed, dgd, st. f. deed, action. (Ger. 
 
 that.) 
 daed-c§ne,atf/.keen for action, active, 
 
 bold, 
 daed-from, adj. vigorous in action, 
 
 energetic, 
 daed-fruma, «■. m. doer of deeds, 
 
 doer, perpetrator. 
 daed-hata, ic. m. he who hates or 
 
 pursues through his deeds (Grein); 
 
 deed-commander, instigating to 
 
 deeds (Leo). B. 275. 
 dasd-hwast, adj. quick to do, ready, 
 
 bold, 
 deed-lean, st. m. reward for deeds, 
 
 recompense, 
 daed-rof, adj. bold in deeds, valiant. 
 deed-scua, ic. m. he who acts in 
 
 darkness, devil. 
 dsed-weore, st. n. deed, work, great 
 
 work. 
 
 daeg, st. m. day; and name for the 
 Rune d; — daeges, gen. sg., adv. 
 days, by day;— daeges and nihtes, 
 days and nights ; — on daege (dffig), 
 by day;— to-daege, to-day; — of 
 daege on daeg, from day to day;— 
 ofer midne daeg, afternoon;— on 
 midne daeg, midday; pi. Sagas, 
 days, life, period of a man's life;— 
 emnihtes daeg, equal day and 
 night, equinox; — wintres daeg, 
 the beginning of winter. 
 
 dagg-candel, st. f. day's candle, sun. 
 
 daeg-hluttre, adj. clear, bright as 
 day. 
 
 daeg-hwam, adv. daily. 
 
 dagg-hwamlice(-hw 33 ni-), a d t ,.daily 
 
 daeg-hwil, st.f. a day's time, space 
 of one day. 
 
 daeg-long, adj. one day long,during 
 one whole day. 
 
dtegred — delfan 
 
 43 
 
 d»g-r6d, at. H. daybreak, dawn. 
 
 dregrSd-waina, *>. in. tho stir or 
 rush accompanying daybreak, rush 
 of early morning, dawn. 
 
 dseg-rtm. .-.-,'. n. number of days, 
 course of days, fixed number of 
 days. 
 
 dceg-sceald, .<:. m. a. "day-ruler." 
 sun ; — dmgscealdes hleo, pillar 
 of cloud, lit. shade of the day- 
 ruler. 
 
 dteg-tid, .*<./. daytime, time, epoch, 
 period; — dsegtidum, tns:r. pi. by 
 day. in the daytime. 
 
 d»g-weorc. .*.*. ». a day's work, 
 fixed, stated service. 
 
 dwg-weordung, .«,'. /. celebration of 
 a day, feast, festival. 
 
 dseg-woma, *?. w. See dsegrfid- 
 wonia. 
 
 d»l. st. a. dale, valley, de». gulf. 
 (Ger. <*<??.> 
 
 dsel, .«.'. wt. deal, part, portion. v Ger. 
 tktiL) 
 
 dselan. delan. tr. r. X. to deal, divide, 
 separate. — 2. to separate from 
 something. — 3. to share- with. — 
 *. to distribute, deal. dole, impart, 
 bestow. — 5. to take part in. be a 
 sharer or partaker. — 6. to be di- 
 vided. — 7. tr. »--'. uflde (eaxfode) 
 dielan, to tight, contend. x Uer. 
 
 i-dselan, to divide, separate. 
 
 be-, bi- dselan. to deprive, free 
 from, release, bereave. 
 
 efea-gedselan,to divide equally. 
 
 ge-dtel&u, X. to divide, separate. 
 2. to sunder, cut loose from, re- 
 nounce. — 3. to be divided, sep- 
 arate, be divided from something. 
 renounce, refuse, forego. — 4. to 
 part, impart, distribute, bestow, 
 share 5. to take part in, become 
 partaker of. — 6. ordain, arrange, 
 create. 
 
 to-dielan. 1. to divide, separate. 
 
 2. to dismember, destroy. — 3. to 
 
 distribute.— 4. to be divided. — 5. 
 
 to separate, distinguish, 
 dsel-nimeud, -ueoineud. jw<.& sub*. 
 
 partaking, sharing; — partaker, 
 
 sharer, participator, 
 deene, See deuu. 
 dasrste, w.f. dregs, leos. 
 dafenian, «r. c. 
 
 ge-dafenian, to suit, to bo fit. 
 
 becoming, behave aright. 
 daga, tr. m. day. 
 dagian, tr. r. to dawn, become day. 
 
 tGor. f<i0*M.) 
 darod v -ad. -ed), deared. ,«/, m. 
 
 dart, spear : — figuratively, part of 
 
 a loom; — daroda laf. remainder 
 
 of an army after a battle, 
 darod-assc, .«. w. v n.f ), ash spear, 
 darod-hagbbeud. }v.>;, & sWvs. spear- 
 bearer, spearman, 
 darod-lacend, p*trt. & ,v«fes. tighter 
 
 with a spear, spearman. 
 daru. »•«./. lmrt, harm, damage. 
 Decembris, w. December. 
 d«d. See dsed. 
 dSgan, tr. r. 
 
 ge-degan. -digan, -dfgsn (-ean) , 
 
 to bear, stand, endure, overcome. 
 dege-Uce, <:ij»'. secretly. 
 degban. See deagliaa. 
 degol, .-". ». concealment, secrecy, 
 
 mystery. 
 degol. «n(j. concealed, hidden, secret, 
 
 obscure, dark, 
 degol-ful. <n(/. *»U «*' *«xsi**y- n*}" 8 - 
 
 terious. 
 debtor. See debtor, 
 delan, -'. uW. »'. II. to fall, decay! 
 
 fall into ruins t v GrehO: — to be 
 
 proud or arrogant, to boast one's 
 
 self (Leo). Ps.US.t5S. 
 delfan. <:. «W. ■-. I. to delve, dig. 
 
 furrow, dig out. 
 S-delfan. the same as above. 
 be-delfan. to dig up, into; — to 
 
 burv. inter. 
 
44 
 
 delan — deofuldaed 
 
 ge-delfan, to dig. 
 purh-delfan, to dig through. 
 
 delau. See dselan. 
 
 dema, w. m. judge, umpire, ruler, 
 lord, master. 
 
 denian, w. v. 1. to deem, think, judge, 
 decide, determine, prove, doom, 
 condemn. — 2. to count, muster, 
 estimate, reckon. — 3. to praise, 
 laud, tell, narrate. 
 
 a-deman, to bar or shut out 
 from by a legal decision. 
 
 ge-deman, to judge, doom, con- 
 demn. — 2. to decide, fix, appoint. 
 
 demend, part. & subs, judge, umpire. 
 
 den, dend. See don. 
 
 denn, st. n. den, cave. 
 
 dennian.Mj.p. to beeome firm,smooth, 
 slippery? Adelst. 12. 
 
 denu, st. f. valley, vale, dale. 
 
 derian, w. v. to hurt, injure, damage. 
 
 derne, adj. concealed, hid, secret. 
 
 d§ad,ad/.dead ; — also used as a subst. 
 
 deaf, adj. deaf. (Ger. taub.) 
 
 deag. See dugan. 
 
 deagan, st. red. v. to color, tinge 
 (Grein); — to conceal one's self, 
 hide (Leo). B. 850. 
 
 deaglian, deglian, w. v. 
 
 be-deaglian, to hide, conceal, 
 hold secret, keep close. 
 
 deagol, adj. secret. 
 
 deah. See dugan. 
 
 deal, deall, adj. proud, confident, 
 cautious, bold, renowned. 
 
 dear, deared. See durran, darod. 
 
 dearnenga, adv. secretly, clandes- 
 tinely, insidiously. 
 
 dearninga, adv. the same as above. 
 
 dearnunga, adv. the same as above. 
 
 dead, st. m. death, dying. (Ger. tod. ) 
 
 dSad-bed, st. n. deathbed, grave. 
 
 d§ad-berende,part. death-bringing. 
 
 dead-beam, st m. death-tree, death- 
 bringing tree. 
 
 dead-cwalu, st. f. violent death, 
 ruin and death, pains of death. 
 
 dead-cwealm, st. m. violent death; 
 
 murder. 
 dead-daeg, st. m. dying, death-day, 
 
 day of death, 
 dead-denu, st. f. valley of death; — 
 dead-drepe, st. m. death-blowjdeath. 
 dead-fsege, adj. destined to die, 
 
 doomed, given over to death. 
 dead-firen, st. f. death sin, mortal 
 
 sin, capital offense. 
 dead-gedSl, st. n. separation of body 
 
 and soul by death, 
 dead-leg, st. m. death-flame, deadly 
 
 flame, Muspilli. 
 dead-maegen, st. n. death-bringing 
 
 troop, deadly band. 
 dead-rasced, st. n. dwelling of ■ the 
 
 dead, grave, 
 dead-raes, st. m. rush of death, sud- 
 den death, 
 dead-reow, at?;', greedy of slaughter, 
 
 murderous, savage, 
 dead-scua, w. in. death-bringing, 
 
 deadly being, demon of death, 
 dead-sele, st. m. death-hall, lower 
 
 world, hell. 
 dead-siege, st. m. death-stroke.' ; 
 dead-spere, st. n. death-spear,death- 
 
 aiming spear. 
 dead-stede, st. «?. death-place, battle- 
 field, 
 dead-wang, st. m. same as above. 
 dead-weg, st. n. cup of death. 
 dgad-werig, adj. death- weary, dead. 
 dead-wio, st. n. dwelling of death, 
 
 home of death. ' 
 
 deaw, st. m. dew. (Ger. than.) 
 deaw-dreas, -drias, st. m. dewfall. 
 deawig, adj. dewy. 
 dgawig-federe, adj. dewy-feathered, 
 
 having moist feathers. 
 deoful, -ol, st. m. n. devil. (Ger. 
 
 teufel. ) 
 deoful-cund, adj. of hellish origin, 
 
 diabolical. 
 Meoful-di£d, st. f. work of the devil, 
 
 devilish deed. 
 
deofulgild — dolgian 
 
 45 
 
 deoful-gild, -gield, -gyld, st. #.. 
 
 devil's sacrifice, idolatry, worship 
 
 of the devil, idol, image of the 
 
 devil. 
 
 deoful-witga, tc. m. devil's prophet, 
 
 soothsayer, magician. 
 deog. See deagau. 
 deogol,<i(?/". hidden, secret,eoncealed, 
 dark, unknown. [dark, 
 
 deogol-lice, adv. secretly, in the 
 deop, st. n. deep, abyss. (Ger. tiefe.) 
 deop, adj. deep, abysmal, profound, 
 solemn, earnest, grave. (Ger. tief. ) 
 deope, diope, adv. deeply, thor- 
 oughly, earnestly, solemnly, 
 deop-hycgende, part, deeply med- 
 itating. 
 deop-hydig, adj. the same as above. 
 deop-lic, adj. deep. 
 deop-lice. adv. deeply; profoundly, 
 
 thoroughly, 
 deop-nes, st. f. deepness, depth, 
 deor, dior, st. n. (deer), animal. wild 
 animal, beast: — most frequently 
 in contrast to domestic animals. 
 (Ger. tfiter.) 
 deor, adj. 1. wild, bold, brave, 
 skillful. — 2. heavy.severe.terrible. 
 vehement, violent. 
 dSoran, ic. r. to glorify, prize, hold 
 
 dear, love, 
 deor-boren, adj. noble born, 
 deorc, adj. dark, obscure, gloomy, 
 
 sad. (0. H. Ger. tarni.) 
 deorce, adr. darkly, obscurely, sadly, 
 deore, diore, adj. 1. dear, beloved, 
 cherished. — 2. dear, costly, excel- 
 lent. — 3-glorious,noble,iUustrions. 
 (Ger. tlieuer.) 
 deore,diore, adv. ]_ dearly, at a 
 
 high price. — 2. friendly, kindly, 
 deored-sceaft, st. m. shaft of a dart, 
 
 spear, lance, 
 deor-lic, adj. wild, bold, brave, 
 deor-lice, adr. gloriously, preciously, 
 
 worthily, 
 deor-ling, st. n». darling, favorite. 
 
 deor-mod, adj. of daring mood, 
 
 courageous, bold. 
 deor-wyrde, adj. precious, costly, 
 
 considerable, important, 
 digan (adigan). See drygan. 
 digan. See dggan. 
 digol, digle. See dygol, dygle. 
 
 (O. H. Ger. tougal.) 
 dlhtig. See dyhtig. 
 dilgian, ic. t. ^Ger. tilgeii.) 
 
 S-dil gian , to destroy, blot out. 
 dim, adj. dim, dark, obscure, bidden. 
 
 (O. H. Ger. timbar.) 
 dim, st. m. din, noise? Sat. 606, 
 
 perhaps dia. 
 dimman, ir. c. to dim. 
 
 a-dimman, to be dim, darken. 
 dim-scua, ir. m. darkness, sin. 
 ding, st.f. prison, dungeon. 
 Dinges mere, proper name, Irish 
 Sea (Grein); — on dinnes mere, on 
 a stormy sea (B.-T). 
 disc, st. m. dish, plate, bowl. (Ger. 
 
 tisch.) 
 disig. See dysig. 
 diacon, st. m. deacon, 
 dierne. See dyme. 
 diope, dior, diore. See deope, deor, 
 
 deore. 
 dogjan, tr. r. to suffer, bear. Ea. 1, 9. 
 dogor, st. m. n. day. [Thorpe says 
 
 24 hours: others, 12.] 
 dogor-gerim, st. n. number or series 
 
 of days, allotted time of life. 
 dogor-rim, st. n. same as above, 
 dohte. See dngan. 
 dohtor, irreg. f. dat. sg. dehter; — 
 nom. aec. pi. dohtor, dohter, doh- 
 tra, dohtru, — daughter. (Ger. 
 tochter.) 
 dol, adj. doll, foolish, silly; — proud, 
 boastful, erring, heretical. (Ger. 
 toll.) 
 dolg, st. n . wound. (O. H. Ger. toJg. ) 
 dolg-ben, st. f. wound, 
 dolgian, w. r. to wound. 
 ge-dolgjan, to wound. 
 
46 
 
 dolgilp — drgfan 
 
 dol-gilp, st. m. n. idle, foolish, boast- 
 ing (Grein); — promise of bold 
 deeds (H.-S.). 
 
 dolg-slege, st. m. wounding blow. 
 
 dolh-wund, adj. wounded. 
 
 dol-lic, -lig, adj. audacious, rash, 
 foolish. 
 
 dol-lice, 'adv. foolishly, rashly. 
 
 dol-sceada, w. m. foolhardy, auda- 
 cious enemy; bold enemy. 
 
 dol-willen, st. n. rashness, madness. 
 
 dol-wUlen, adj. rash, bold. 
 
 dol-wite, st. 11. punishment for rash- 
 ness. 
 
 dom, st. m. 1. doom, judgment, ju- 
 dicial opinion. — 2. court, tribunal, 
 assembly, council. — 3. judicial 
 sentence, verdict, decision, decree. 
 4. statute, law, command, ordi- 
 nance. — 5. justice. — 6. advice, 
 counsel. — 7. rule, government, 
 power, might, dominion. — 8. maj- 
 esty, glory, honor, renown, worth, 
 praise, dignity, authority. — 9. es- 
 pecially heavenly glory and maj- 
 esty. — 10. might, power, free will, 
 choice, pleasure, option. — 11. cus- 
 tom, what is becoming, customary. 
 12. meaning, signification, sense, 
 interpretation. (Ger. -turn; O. H. 
 Ger. tiwm.) 
 
 d6m-da?g, st. m. doomsday, judg- 
 ment-day. 
 
 dom-gadig, adj. mighty, powerful, 
 noble, happy, renowned. 
 
 d6m-faest, adj. firm in judgment, 
 just, mighty, famous. 
 
 d6m-georn, adj. striving for glory 
 or for uprightness, ambitious, just. 
 
 dom-hwaet, adj. eager for honor, 
 renown. 
 
 dSmian, w. v. to glorify, magnify. 
 
 dom-lgas, adj. without reputation, 
 inglorious, hapless. 
 
 d6m-llc, adj. glorious, praiseworthy. 
 
 dom-lice, adv. judiciously, power- 
 fully, gloriously 
 
 dom-setl, st. n. judgment-seat, 
 
 throne, tribunal, 
 don, den, irreg. v. pres. sg. 1. do. — 
 2. dest. — 3. &$d,pl. dod; subj.sg. 
 do, pi. don ; imper. do, dod ; pret. 
 dyde, dide, daede ; part. pret. d6n, 
 den, to do, make, act, perform, 
 cause. (Ger. tun.) 
 
 a-don, to do away, remove, free, 
 set free. 
 be-don, to close, shut. 
 for-don, 1. to fordo, corrupt, 
 destroy, kill. — 2. to seduce? — 3. 
 part. pret. wicked, abandoned, de- 
 filed, corrupted. 
 ge-ddn, to do, make, cause. 
 un-don, to undo, open, loose, 
 separate. 
 dor, st. n. door, gate. (Ger. thor.) 
 dorste. See durran. 
 draca, w. m. 1. dragon. — 2. the devil. 
 
 (Ger. drache.) 
 drEedan, st. red. v. (pret. drSord, 
 drgd), to dread. (O. H. Ger. an- 
 trdtan.) 
 an-, on-dreedan, to fear, dread. 
 draefan, w. v. 
 
 S-drasfan, to shut out, drive out. 
 ge-drasfan, to drive, push, urge, 
 vex. 
 
 to-dr;3efan, to drive or bring 
 apart, separate, destroy. 
 drsefend, part.& su bs. driver, hunter, 
 dragan, st. abl. v. IV. to draw, drag. 
 (Ger. tragen.) 
 
 be-dragan, to draw away, se- 
 duce, deceive, 
 drapa. See dropa. 
 dreccan, w. v. to plague, vex, dis- 
 quiet, oppress, burden, torture, 
 torment. 
 ge-dreccan, the same as above. 
 drefan, w. v. to disturb, vex, excite, 
 move, agitate, stir up, afflict. 
 (Ger. triiben.) 
 
 ge-drefan, to disturb, bring into 
 confusion, move, trouble. 
 
drenc — drlfan 
 
 47 
 
 drenc, st.m. drench.drink; drowning. 
 
 drencan, w. v. 1. to drench, give to 
 drink. — 2. to drown. 
 a-drencau, to drown. 
 ge-drencan, to drown, 
 ofer-drencan, to make drunk. 
 
 drenc-, drence-fl6d, st. m. the flood, 
 deluge. 
 
 dreng, st. m. young man, follower 
 (of the eomitatus), warrior. 
 
 drepan, st. abl. v. III. to hit, strike, 
 beat. (Ger. treffen.) 
 
 drepe, st. m. blow, stroke. 
 
 drettan, w. v. 
 
 ge-drettan, to consume. 
 
 dream, perhaps dat. pi. of drea, w. m. 
 magician? Sal. 44. 
 
 drgam, st. m. 1. dream, song, melody, 
 harmony, joyous music. — 2.crowd, 
 throng. — 3. joyous actions, re- 
 joicing, joy, pleasure. — 4. used es- 
 pecially of the joys of heaven. 
 (Ger. traum.) 
 
 drSam-hsebbende, part, rejoicing, 
 joyful. 
 
 dream-healdende, part, the same. 
 
 dream-leas, adj. joyless, without re- 
 joicing, sad. 
 
 drSamng, st. f. falling, distillation. 
 
 dreas.drias, st. m. falling, fall. 
 
 dreogan, st. abl. v. VI. 1. to bear, 
 suffer, endure, carry. — 2. to bear, 
 carry out, perfect, do, work, per- 
 form, lead (a life);— wide dr§- 
 ogan, to wander. — 3. to enjoy. — 
 4. intrans. to be busy, employed, 
 to do. (Scotch, dree.) 
 
 a-dreogan, 1. to bear, suffer, en- 
 dure. — 2. to act, perform, com- 
 plete, practice. [joy. 
 ge-dreogan, to live through, en- 
 
 dreont ? Ba. 4, 45. 
 
 dreopan, st. abl. v. VI. to drop. 
 (Ger. tropfen.) 
 
 a-dreopaii, to pour out drop by 
 drop. 
 
 dreopian, w. r. to drop, drip, trickle. 
 
 dreor, st. m. running or flowing 
 
 blood, blood. (O. H. Ger. trdr.) 
 dreor-fah, adj. spotted, stained with 
 
 blood, bloody, gory. 
 drgorgian, w. v. to mourn? be 
 
 dreary, fall, 
 dreorig, adj. dreary, sad, sorrowful. 
 
 (Ger. traurig.) 
 dreorig, adj. bloody, bleeding, 
 dreorig -ferhd, adj. sad in heart, sor- 
 rowful. 
 dr§orig-hl6or, adj. sad of counte- 
 nance. 
 dr§orig-llc, adj. bloody. 
 dr6orig-mod, adj. sad in mind. 
 dreor-lic, adj. bloody, 
 dreor-sele, st. m. dreary, lonely hall, 
 drgorung, st. /. falling, dropping, 
 dreosan, st. abl. v. VI. to mourn, be 
 
 sad, desolate. 
 dreosan, st. abl. v. VI. to fall, perish, 
 be ready to fall, become weak. 
 (Goth, driusan.) 
 
 a-dreosan, to fall to pieces, de- 
 cline, vanish, fail. 
 
 be-, bi-dr§osan, 1. to deceive, 
 seduce. — 2. to deprive of,bereave. 
 ge-dreosan, to fall down, sink, 
 disappear, fail, 
 drlfan, st. abl. v. V. 1. to drive, 
 drive away, drive back, impel, 
 incite, strike.— 2. to follow, prac- 
 tice. (Ger. treibcn.) 
 a-drifan, to drive out, expel, 
 be-drifan, 1. to drive, drive to- 
 gether, compel. — 2. drive, beat, 
 strike. 
 
 for-drifan, to drive, expel, ban- 
 ish, force, compel, consume. (Ger. 
 vertreiben. ) 
 in-drifan,to drive out, thrust out. 
 t6-drifan, to drive apart, dis- 
 perse, scatter, destroy, repel. 
 
 purh-drifan, 1. to shove or 
 push through.— 2. perforate, bore 
 through. — 3. penetrate, imbue. 
 wid-drlfan, to repel, ward off. 
 
48 
 
 drige — dryhtscype 
 
 drige, driht, drihten. See dryge, 
 
 dryht, dryhten. 
 drinc, st. m. drink, a drink. (Ger. 
 
 trunk, trunk.) 
 drinoan, st. abl. v. I. to drink. (Ger. 
 trinken.) 
 
 a-drincan, to be plunged under 
 water, immersed, drowned. 
 
 ge-drincan, to drink, swallow, 
 engulf. 
 on-diincan, to drink. 
 arias. See drias. 
 dr6f-llc, adj. turbulent, trouble- 
 some, sad. 
 droht, st. m.f n.f condition of life. 
 drohtad, -od, st. m. condition of life, 
 manner of life, calling, vocation, 
 business,, conduct; society. 
 drohtian, w. v. to have conversation ; 
 
 to live, pass life. 
 drohtnod, st. m. way or manner of 
 
 life. 
 dropa, drapa, w. m. drop. (Ger. 
 
 tropfen.) 
 dropen. See drepen, dreopan. 
 droppetan, w. v. to drop, drip, distil. 
 droppung, st.f. dropping, dripping, 
 
 falling. 
 drucen? See drunoen. 
 drugian, m. o. to become dry, wither. 
 for-drugian, to become dry, 
 wither. 
 
 ge-drugian, to dry, dry up. 
 drub, st. m. dust? Seel. 17. 
 druncan,druncian, w. v. to suck out, 
 
 drinji. 
 druncen, st. f. drunkenness. 
 druncen, adj. drunken, besotted. 
 drunc-mennen, st. n. drunken maid- 
 servant. 
 drusan, drfisian, w. v. to drowse, 
 be in » state of decay, become 
 lazy, weak, inactive; — to mourn, 
 be sad. 
 dry, st. m. sorcerer, magician, wizard, 
 drf-crseft, st. to. magic art, sorcery, 
 witchcraft. 
 
 drygan, drigan, id. v. to dry, dry up, 
 wither. 
 
 a-drigan, to dry up, wither, 
 dryge, drige, adj. dry, withered; — 
 to dryggum, even to decay, ex- 
 haustion. Met. 7, 16. (Ger. trocken.) 
 dryht, driht, st.f. company, troop> 
 folk, people, band of warriors, com- 
 itatus, noble band;— in pi. men. 
 dryht-bearn, st ». a noble youth, 
 
 princely child. 
 dryht-cw§n, st.f. queen. 
 dryhten, drihten, st. m. commander, 
 leader, lord, prince, God, Christ. 
 (O. H. Ger. truhtin.) 
 dryhten-bealo, st. n. extreme evil, 
 
 great misfortune. 
 dryhten-d6m, st m. rule, dominion, 
 
 majesty, glory. 
 dryhten-hold, adj. friendly, well 
 disposed to the prince, to the 
 Lord. 
 dryhten-nes, st /. ruler's glory, 
 
 majesty? Gen. 17. 
 dryhten-weard, st m. king, Lord. 
 dryht-folc, st n. band, troop, folk, 
 
 nation. 
 dryht-gesid, st m. follower, attend- 
 ant. 
 dryht-gestreon, st n. people's treas- 
 ure, 
 dryht-gmna, <w. m. man of the war- 
 rior band, noble warrior, man. 
 dryht-l§od, st n. popular or noble 
 
 song. 
 dryht-lio, adj. lordly, noble, ex- 
 cellent. 
 dryht-lloe, adv. nobly, excellently, 
 
 in a lordly manner, 
 dryht-madum, st m. people's treas- 
 ure, splendid jewels, 
 dryht-neas, st m. pi. bodies of the 
 slain belonging to the comitatus 
 (on the battlefield), carcasses. 
 dryht-scype, st m. warlike virtue, 
 heroic deed, bravery, glory, ruler- 
 ship, domination, dignity. 
 
dryhtsele — dyng 
 
 49 
 
 dryht-sele, st. m. the hall for the 
 comitatus, splendid dwelling. 
 
 dryht-sib, st. f. peace or friendship 
 between troops of noble warriors, 
 or between noble families. 
 
 dryht-weras, st. m. pi. attendants, 
 men. 
 
 dryht-wuniende,^)arf. living among 
 the people, folk-dweller. 
 
 dryman, to. v. to sing aloud, rejoice. 
 
 dryninian, w. v. to be careful, so- 
 licitous. 
 
 drync, st. m. drink, draught, a drink. 
 
 drync-fset, st. ■«.. drinking- vessel, 
 cup. 
 
 drype, st. m. blow, stroke. 
 
 dryTe, st. m. fall, falling, ceasing, 
 decline. 
 
 drysmian, w. v. to become obscure, 
 gloomy. 
 
 dufan, st. abl. VI. 1. intrans. to dive, 
 sink. — 2. trans, to dip in,immerse. 
 ge-dufan, intrans. to dive, sink 
 under, be submerged, sink in. 
 
 in-dufan, to dip in, immerse, 
 submerge. 
 
 Jsurh-dufan, to swim through 
 by diving, dive through. 
 
 dugan, pret. pres., prcs. sg. d§ag, 
 dean; pi. dugon; pret. dohte, to 
 avail, be capable, be good, be of 
 use, fit, strong, liberal, to present. 
 (Ger. taugen.) 
 
 dugad, -oS.,st.f. what avails; hence, 
 
 ■ 1. manhood, and all that have 
 reached manhood. — 2. men capa- 
 ble of bearing arms, troops, mul- 
 titude, army, folk, noble band of 
 warriors, men in general. — 3. the 
 heavenly host. — 4. glory, magnif- 
 icence, majesty, might, power, vir- 
 tue.— 5. advantage, gain, riches, 
 means, blessings, welfare, salva- 
 tion. — 6. benefit, gift. — 7: what is 
 becoming, fit, seemly, decorum. 
 
 dumb, adj. dumb, mute, speechless. 
 (Ger. dumm.) 
 
 dun, st. f. down, hill;— of dune, 
 downwards. (Ger. dune.) 
 
 dun-scrsef, st. n. mountain cave. 
 
 durran, pret. pres., pres. sg. dear; 
 pi. durron; subj. durre, dyrre; 
 pret. dorste, to dare, presume. 
 (O. H. Ger. turran.) 
 
 duru, st. f. door, gate, wicket. (Ger. 
 thiire.) 
 
 duru-begn, st. m. doorkeeper. 
 
 dust, st. n. dust. (Ger. dust.) 
 
 dwselan, w. v. 
 
 ge-dwa?lan, to mislead, lead 
 astray. . 
 
 dwees. See gedwaes. [guish. 
 
 dwaescan, w. v. to put out, extin- 
 a-dwsescan, the same as above, 
 to-dwaescan, same as above. 
 
 dwelan, st. aU. v. II. to be led into 
 
 error, err. (0. H. Ger. twelan.) 
 
 ge-dwelan, to wander, err. 
 
 dwellan, w. v. (to dwell), 1. to pre- 
 vent, hinder, delay. — 2. to lead 
 into error, mislead, deceive. (O.H. 
 Ger. twaljan.) 
 
 ge-dwellan, 1. to lead astray, 
 seduce, deceive. — 2. to err. 
 
 dwol-crseft, st m. foolish or magic 
 art, magic. 
 
 dwolema, dwolma, w. m. chaos. 
 
 dyfan, w. v. (to dive), to make to 
 dive, dip, immerse. 
 
 dygan. See degan. 
 
 dyglan, w. v. 
 
 ge-dyglan, to hide, conceal, 
 darken, cover. 
 
 dygle, dlgle, adv. secretly, covertly. 
 
 dygol, digol, adj. hidden, secret, 
 concealed, inaccessible, dark, un- 
 known. 
 
 dygol, digol, st. n. secrecy, darkness, 
 what is hidden. 
 
 dyhtig, dihtig, adj. doughty, strong, 
 useful, good for. (Ger. tuchtig.) 
 
 dyn, st. m. din, noise. 
 
 dyne, st. m. the same as above. 
 
 dyng. See ding. 
 
50 
 
 dynnan — edor 
 
 dynnan, w. v. to sound,make a noise, 
 resound. 
 
 dynt, st. m. dint, a Wow causing or 
 giving a sound, Wow, stroke. 
 
 dyp, st n. the deep. 
 
 dyraii, w. v. to glorify, prize, love, 
 ge-dyran, the same as above. 
 
 dyre, adj. dear, beloved, worthy, 
 costly, glorious, noble, excellent. 
 
 dyrebran (Cri. 790), to be changed 
 into by re]?ran. 
 
 dyrling, st. m. darling, loved one. 
 
 dyrnan, w. v. to hide, secrete, con- 
 ceal, restrain, obscure. 
 
 be-, bi-dyrnan, the same as 
 above, 
 ge-dyrnan, the same as above. 
 
 dyrne, st. n. a secret. 
 
 dyme, dierne, adj. 1. hidden, secret, 
 close, obscure, out of the way, re- 
 mote. — 2. secret, dark, deceitful, 
 magical, malicious, evil. (O.H.Ger. 
 tarni.) 
 
 dyrsian, w. v. 
 
 ge-dyrsian, to prize, hold dear, 
 honor, glorify. [bold. 
 
 dyrstig, adj. venturesome, daring, 
 
 dysegian, w. v. to be foolish, stupid, 
 do foolishly, err. 
 
 dysig, adj. dizzy, silly, foolish, ig- 
 norant, stupid. (O. H. Ger. titsig.) 
 
 dysig, disig, st. n. foolishness, ig- 
 norance, stupidity, folly. 
 
 dys-Hc, adj. foolish, silly, stupid. 
 
 dys-lice, adv. foolishly, stupidly. 
 
 dyttan, w. v. to close, shut up, stop. 
 
 E 
 
 ebba, w. m. ebb. (Ger. ebhe is a bor- 
 rowed word; cf. Goth, ibuks.) 
 ebbian, w. v. to ebb. 
 ec, adv. eke, also, 
 ecan, w. v. to eke, increase, enlarge, 
 
 add to, prolong. 
 6ce, Eece, adj. eternal, everlasting, 
 
 perpetual. (Ger. cwig.) 
 See, adv. eternally, ever, evermore, 
 
 perpetually. 
 eced, st. n. acid, vinegar. (Ger. 
 
 essig; Goth, aheit; Lat. acetum.) 
 Seen, adj. increased, great, weighty, 
 
 important. 
 ecg, st. f. edge (of the sword), point, 
 
 sword, battle-ax. (Ger. ecke.) 
 ecg-bana, w. m. murderer by the 
 
 sword, sword-killer. 
 eog-clif, false reading for eg-clif, 
 
 sea-cliff. B. 2893. 
 eog-hete, st. m. hate shown by the 
 
 sword, sword-hate, enmity, 
 ecg-heard, adj. with hard, sharp 
 
 ecg-plega, w. m. sword-play, battle. 
 ecg-t>racu, st. f. sword-storm, hot 
 
 fighting. 
 ecg-wael, st. n. sword-slaughter, 
 
 those slain in battle by the sword, 
 ec-ues, -nis, -nys, st. f. eternity, 
 
 forever. 
 ed-cerr, -cir, -cyr, st. m. return. 
 eder-. See edor. 
 ed-geong, adj. made young again. 
 ed-hwyrft,sf.m. return, change, going 
 
 back (to a former state of things). 
 Sdisc, si. n. edish, pasture, park, 
 
 fishpond, vivary. 
 ed-lean, st. n. retribution. 
 ed-neowe, -niowe, adj. renewed, 
 
 new, again new, renewing itself 
 
 ever. 
 ed-niowunga, adv. anew, again, 
 ed-niwe, adj. new, renewed. 
 ed-niwe, adv. anew, again. 
 ed-niwinga, adv. same as above. 
 edor, st. m. hedge, quickset fence, 
 
 fold, inclosure, dwelling. 
 
edorgang — ggan 
 
 51 
 
 edor-gang, st. m. begging, the going 
 around of mendicants from house 
 to house, 
 edre, adv. forthwith, immediately, 
 edre. See aedre. 
 edring, st. f. refuge ? Seel. 107. 
 ed-sceaft, st. f. new creation, regen- 
 eration, 
 ed-wenden, st. f. turning, change, 
 
 overturning, end. 
 ed-wendu, st.f. change, end. 
 ed-wiht, st. n. something, anything. 
 ed-wit, st. a. reproach, blame, dis- 
 grace, ignominy, contumely, scorn, 
 edwit-lif, st. n. disgraceful, shame- 
 ful life. 
 edwit-scype, st. m. disgrace, igno- 
 miny, cowardice. 
 edwlt-sprsec, st. f. reproachful, de- 
 faming speech, scorn, 
 edwit-spreca, w. m. scorner, cav- 
 
 iler, devil, 
 edwit-staef, st. m. reproach,disgrace, 
 
 dishonor. 
 Sd-Twylm = cedwylrn, st. m. waves 
 
 of fire, hell. 
 efe-long = efen-long, adj. just as 
 
 long? oblong? Ea. 45, 7. 
 efen, efn, adj. even, equal, like; — 
 on efen, adv. together ; or prep, 
 w. dot. upon the same level, near. 
 (Ger. eben.) 
 efen, adv. evenly, just as, equally, 
 efen. See sefen. 
 efen-beh$fe, adj. equally useful, just 
 
 as necessary. 
 efen-beorht, adj. equally bright, of 
 
 like brilliancy, 
 efen-ece, adj. co-eternal, 
 efen-ede, adj. just as easy, 
 efen-eadig, adj. equally happy, 
 
 blessed, 
 efen-eald, adj. of the same age, 
 
 equally old. 
 efen-eardigende, part, dwelling to- 
 gether. 
 
 efen-fela, indecl. n. just as much, so 
 
 many. 
 efen-hleodor, st. m. with equal voice 
 
 or harmony, united voice, 
 efen-lic, adj. equal, of like age. 
 efen-lica, w. m. one of the same age. 
 efen-mcere, adj. equally prized, or 
 
 thought of. 
 efen-micel, adj. equally great, 
 efeu-rnid, adj. middle, in the middle, 
 
 center of. 
 efen-neah, adj. even nigh, equally 
 
 near. 
 efen-nilit. See emniht. 
 efen-scearp, adj. equally sharp. 
 efen-swid, adj. equally strong. 
 efen-wesende, part, contempora- 
 neous, co-existent. 
 efn. See efen. 
 
 efnan, w. v. 1. to carry out, perform, 
 accomplish, do, make. — 2. to pros- 
 trate, throw down. Ea. 28, 8. 
 
 ge-efnan, 1. to accomplish, do, 
 perform, carry out. — 2. to hold, 
 sustain. 
 efne, adv. even, just, exactly, alike, 
 likewise ; — efne swa, even so, 
 even as, just as if, when; — efne 
 swl peali, even though; — efne, 
 enclitic, indeed, just: — at the be- 
 ginning of a sentence — lo ! behold ! 
 efnetan, w. v. to equal, emulate. 
 
 Ea. 41, 63. 
 efstan, w. v. to hasten, make haste, 
 
 be in haste. 
 eft, aeft, adv. (eft, of, eft-soons). 1. 
 again, anew. — 2. back, re- (retro, 
 rursus). — 3. thereupon, after- 
 wards. — 4. again, on the other 
 side, likewise. (Goth, afta.) 
 eft-cyme, st. m. return, 
 eft-lgan, st. n. retribution, recom- 
 pense. 
 eft-sid", st. m. journey back, return. 
 eft-wyrd, st.f. future destiny. 
 egan, w. v. 
 
 ou-egan, to fear, dread. 
 
52 
 
 tgbuend — ellenbrist 
 
 §g-buend, part. & stibs. island or 
 sea-dweller. 
 
 eg-clif, St. n. sea-eliff, shore. 
 
 ege, st. m. awe (ef . 6ga,), fear, fright, 
 dread, horror. (Goth, agei; O. H. 
 Ger. egi.) 
 
 Sge = gage, w. n. eye. 
 
 ege-laf, st. f. what has escaped hor- 
 ror, battle-remnant. 
 
 egesa, egsa, w. in. state" of terror, 
 f rightfulness, terror, horror, dread, 
 fear. 
 
 egesa, §gsa, w. m. possessor, owner. 
 Gn. Ex. 117; B. 1757. 
 
 eges-ful, adj. f earful, terrible, won- 
 derful, awful. 
 
 egesful-lic, adj. the same as above. 
 
 egesig, eisig, adj. same as above. 
 
 eges-Ilo, adj. the same as above. 
 
 eges-lice, adv: fearfully, terribly, 
 wonderfully. 
 
 ege-wylm, st. m. terrible wave. 
 
 egl, st. f. mote, beard (on wheat), 
 point, elaw, talon, beam. (Ger. 
 acliel.) 
 
 eglan, w. v. to ail, trouble, pain, 
 grieve. (Ger. elceln.) 
 
 eet-eglan, to cause or bring 
 about trouble, pain, grief. 
 ge-eglan, to trouble,pain,grieve. 
 
 eg-land, -loud, st. ». island, 
 
 egle, adj. troublesome, grievous, 
 hateful, hostile, disgraceful, loath- 
 some. (Goth, agls, aglus.) 
 
 egor-here, st. m. army of the ocean, 
 waves of the sea, the deluge. 
 
 egor-stream,stm. sea-stream,ocean. 
 
 egsa, egsa. See egesa, egesa. 
 
 egsian, w. v. to frighten, terrify 
 (Grein & B.-T.); — to have terror, 
 distress (Heyne). 
 
 eg-, eh-stream, st. m. water-stream, 
 sea, river. 
 
 eh, st. n. horse; and the Eune e. 
 (Lat. eqwus.) 
 
 ehtan, w. v. to esteem, consider. 
 Eii. 37, 4. 
 
 ehtan, w. v., w. ace, and gen. of per- 
 son—to persecute, pursue, annoy, 
 afflict. 
 
 elitend, part. & suits, persecutor. . 
 
 ehtian, w. v. to esteem, make prom- 
 inent with praise, deem, consider. 
 
 elit-nes, st. f. persecution. 
 
 ehtung, st. f. deliberation, counsel. 
 
 eisig. See egesig. 
 
 eld, eldu, st. f. age, old age. 
 
 elde, st. m. 2>l. men. 
 
 eldra. See elra. 
 
 eldran, adj. compar. pi., used as a 
 subs, elders, parents, ancestors. 
 
 ele, st. m. oil. 
 
 ele-beam, st. m. olive-tree. 
 
 ele-land, st. n. foreign land. 
 
 eled, st. m. allodium, freehold. Gu. 
 38. 
 
 el-land, st. n. foreign country. 
 
 ellefne, num. eleven. 
 
 ellen, st. m. n. strength, heroic 
 strength, bravery, courage, for- 
 titude, zeal, heroic deeds. (Goth. 
 aljan.) 
 
 ellen-orseft, st. m. strength, might, 
 power. 
 
 ellen-dsed, st. f. heroic deed, deed 
 of valor. 
 
 el-lende, adj. foreign, strange. 
 
 ellen-gcest, st. m. strength-spirit, 
 demon with heroic strength. 
 
 ellen-heard, adj. mighty, brave, 
 bold, courageous. 
 
 elleu-leas, adj. strengthless, Wanting 
 courage. 
 
 ellen-llce, adv. strongly, with heroio 
 strength. 
 
 ellen-masrdu, st. f. renown of he- 
 roic strength, heroic deed. 
 
 ellen-r6f, adj. renowned for heroio 
 strength, daring, bold. 
 
 ellen-seoc, adj. sick in strength, 
 mortally wounded. 
 
 ellen-spreec, st. /. strong speech, 
 brave word. 
 
 ellen-brist, adj. energetic, bold. 
 
ellenweorc — esol 
 
 53 
 
 ellen-weorc, st. n. heroic deed, 
 
 achievement in battle. , 
 ellen-wod, st. it. zeal, 
 ellen-wod, adj. furious, raging, 
 elles, adv. else, otherwise, in another 
 
 manner. (Goth, allis.) 
 ellor, adv. else-whither, elsewhere, to 
 
 some other place ; — ellor londes, 
 
 in another land, 
 ellor-ffis.arf/'.eager, ready for another 
 
 place, ready to go elsewhere, 
 ellor-gast, -gaest, st. m. spirit living 
 
 elsewhere, 
 ellor-sid, st. m. departure, death. 
 el-mehtig, adj. almighty. 
 eln, st. f. elbow, ell. (Ger. ells; 
 
 Goth, aleina.) 
 eln-gemet, st. n. ell-measure, ell. 
 elnian,w. v. 1. to emulate, be zealous, 
 
 exert one's self. — 2. to strengthen, 
 
 comfort. Gen. 48, 2. 
 elra, adj. compar. another. 
 el-reordig, adj. speaking another 
 
 tongue, barbarous, 
 el-peod, st. f. 1. foreign people, 
 
 enemy. — 2. all peoples, all na- 
 tions. Cri. 1084, 1337. 
 Cl-peodig, adj. belonging to another 
 
 natipn, foreign, strange, hostile, 
 emb, embe, prep. 1. «•. ace. about, 
 
 round, around. — 2. to. dat. after, 
 ernn = efen, adj. even, equal, plain, 
 
 level, just'; — on emn, w. dat. by, 
 
 near. 
 emn-aedele, adj. equally noble, 
 errrne = efne, adv. evenly, equally, 
 
 plainly, exactly, even, just. 
 emniht, efen-nilit, st. f. n. ? equinox. 
 Snd, adv. formerly, of old; at last, 
 ende, st. m. end. (Ger. ende; Goth. 
 
 andeis.) [ment. 
 
 ende-byrd, st.f. n.f order, arrange- 
 ende-byrdes, atfu.orderly, regularly, 
 
 properly. 
 ende-deeg, st. m. last day, day of 
 
 death, 
 ende-dead, st. m. death. 
 
 ende-dogor, st. m. n. last day, death. 
 
 ende-laf, st.f. last remnant, the last. 
 
 ende-lean, st. n. final reparation, 
 reward. 
 
 ende-leas, adj. .endless, infinite. 
 
 ende-lif, st. n. life's end, death. 
 
 endenmes, adv. 1. fully, entirely.— 
 2. at the same time, together. 
 
 ende-rim, st. m. final number, num- 
 ber. 
 
 ende-s^ta, to. m. one who sits on 
 the .border, boundary-guard. 
 
 ende-stsef, st. m. end. 
 
 endian, w. v. 1. trans, to end, make 
 an end, put an end to. — 2. intrans. 
 to end. 
 ge-endian, to make an end, end. 
 
 endgum = e"adgum. Sal. 345. 
 
 Snga 5= eenga, w. adj. alone, sole. 
 
 enge, adj. narrow, constrained, op- 
 pressed, anxious. 
 
 engel, eengel, st. m. angel. 
 
 engel-cund, adj. angelic, coming 
 from an angel. 
 
 engel-cyn, st. n. angelic race, order. 
 
 engu, st /. narrowness,confinement. 
 
 ent, st. m. giant; — enta geweorc, 
 Eergeweorc, stronghold, statue, 
 sword-hilt, dragon's cave, dragon's 
 treasure. 
 
 ent-isc, adj. coming from giants. 
 
 er = ear, st. n. ear of corn. (Ger. 
 ahre.) 
 
 erfe-weard, st. m. heir. 
 
 erian, w. v. to ear, plow. (Goth. 
 arjan; Ger. dren, eren.) 
 
 erinaces (as?), pi. hedgehog. 
 
 ermdu, st. f. misery, calamity. 
 
 ern, sera, st. n. house. 
 
 erucan, erucam? Ps. 77, 46; — 
 eruca, cabbage and^ cabbage- 
 worm. 
 
 esl, st. f. shoulder. 
 
 esne, st. m. slave, servant; — also, 
 man, young man. 
 
 esol, st. m. ass. (Ger. esel.) 
 
 n 
 
54 
 
 est — eac 
 
 §st, st. m. f. agreement, harmony, 
 favor, grace, kindness, love, good- 
 will, liberality. (Ger. gunst; 0. H. 
 Ger. anst.) 
 
 estari. See gastan. 
 
 e"ste, adj. gracious, liberal, benev- 
 olent. 
 
 gstig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 est-lice, adv. graciously, bountifully, 
 gladly. 
 
 etan, st. ail. v. III. to eat, devour, 
 consume. (Ger. essen.) 
 
 Jpurh-etan, to eat through, con- 
 sume. 
 
 under-etan, to eat from below, 
 underneath. 
 
 Sd, adv. compar. more easily. 
 
 edan, to. v. 
 
 ge-edan, to lighten, ease. 
 
 gdan, sedan, w. v. to lay waste, dev- 
 astate. 
 S-edan, the same as above. 
 
 §d-begete, adj. easy to obtain,ready. 
 
 $de, adj. easy, pleasant, ready. 
 
 e*de, adj. barren, waste, desolate. 
 
 gdel, oedel, Eedel, st. m. hereditary 
 estate, possessions, home, father- 
 land, dwelling-place, realm, land. 
 (0. H. Ger. uodal; Icel. 6dal.) 
 
 gdel-boda, w. m. the land's apostle 
 (Thorpe); — a native preacher 
 (B.-T.); — .sdelboda(Grein). Gu. 
 976. 
 
 edel-cyning, st. m. king of the land. 
 
 §del-dr§am, st. m. domestic joy, 
 happy life at home on the paternal 
 estate in the fatherland. 
 
 edele. See a?dele. 
 
 edel-eard, st. m. inherited dwelling. 
 
 gdel-faesten, st. n. fortified dwelling, 
 fortress. 
 
 Sde-lioe, adv. easily. 
 
 6del-land, st. n. fatherland, land, 
 country. 
 
 edel-leas, adj. without a, native 
 country, exiled. 
 
 edel-mearc, st.f. march or boundary 
 
 of one's country, dwelling, 
 edel-rice, st. n. fatherland, native 
 
 country, 
 gdel-riht, st. n. inherited privileges, 
 
 native right, 
 gdel-seld, st. n. hereditary estate, 
 
 native dwelling, seat, 
 edel-setl, st. n. the same as above. 
 edel-st3ef, st. m. staff of the hered- 
 itary, estate, heir, successor, 
 edel-stadol, st. m. hereditary estate, 
 
 dwelling. 
 edel-sto], st. m. hereditary seat, 
 
 fatherland, inherited throne, chief 
 
 city, royal city. 
 Sdel-stow, st.f. hereditary dwelling- 
 place, place of habitation. 
 e"del-turf, st. f. inherited ground, 
 
 hereditary estate, native country, 
 
 realm. 
 §del-]?rym, st. m. glory, renown of 
 
 one's own land. 
 §del-weard, st. to. master of the 
 
 hereditary estate, lord of the realm, 
 
 king. 
 e"del-wyn, st. f. joy in, or enjoyment 
 
 of, hereditary possessions. 
 dd-fynde, adj. easy to find, easily 
 
 found. 
 §d-gesyne, adj. easily seen, visible, 
 gdian, w. v. 1. to breathe, to' wave f 
 
 float up? El. 1107.— 2. to smell. 
 §dm = »dm, st. to. breath, vapor, 
 
 steam. 
 edda, conj. or. 
 ewan, w. v. 
 
 6d-gwan, 1. to manifest, make 
 
 known, show. — 2. to seem, appear, 
 exl = eaxl, st /. shoulder. 
 ea, eaw (86), inter}, oh! ah! alas! — 
 
 joined with IS. 
 §a, st. f. water, river. 
 §ao, 1. conj. eke, also, likewise, 
 
 moreover.— 2. prep. w. dat. with, 
 
 in addition to, besides. 
 
eaca — ealand 
 
 55 
 
 gaca, w. m. increase, addition; — 
 to eacan, besides, moreover. 
 
 eacen, part. adj. 1. increased, wide- 
 spread, large, great, heavy, full, ex- 
 tended ; — great, mighty, powerful. 
 2. heavy, pregnant. 
 
 eaceii-crasftig, adj. immense, enor- 
 mously great. 
 
 eacnian, acnian, w. v. to increase, 
 be enlarged, become pregnant, 
 conceive. 
 
 ge-eacnian, 1. to become preg- 
 nant, conceive. — 2. to enrich, 
 fructify. 
 
 gaonung, st. f. conception, child- 
 bearing. 
 
 Sad, adj. rich, happy, blessed. 
 
 Sad, st. ». possessions, riches, hap- 
 piness, joy. (O. H. Ger. 6t.) 
 
 6aden, part. adj. given, granted, con- 
 ceded. 
 
 ead-fruma, w. m. author of happi- 
 ness, giver of joy. 
 
 eadgian, w. v. to make happy, enrich. 
 
 ead-gifa, -giefa, w. m. giver of hap- 
 piness. 
 
 ead-gifu, -giefu, st. f. gift of happi- 
 ness, blessedness. 
 
 ead-hredig, adj. blessed, happy. 
 
 eadig, adj. enriched, blessed with 
 possessions, rich, happy, prosper- 
 ous, blessed. 
 
 eadig-, §adi-lic,a$ . having an abun- 
 dance, happy, prosperous ; others, 
 eadiglice, adv. in abundance, in 
 joyous plenty. 
 
 eadig-nes, st. f. riches, happiness, 
 good fortune, blessedness. 
 
 ead-lufe, w. f. love, blessedness of 
 
 love. 
 §ad-me"de,ad/.humble,modest, pious, 
 gad-medu, st. n. pi. 1. humility. — 
 
 2. good will, kindness, 
 ead-mod, adj. 1. humble, meek, 
 pious. — 2. benevolent, favorable, 
 friendly, affectionate, 
 ead-modlice, adv. kindly,graciously. 
 
 ead-nis, st. f. inner peace, joy, hap- 
 piness. 
 
 eador = geador, adj. together. 
 
 eador-geard, st. m. house of the 
 veins, body? An. 1183. 
 
 ead-wacer, st. m. watchman of the 
 estate, property. 
 
 ead-wela, w. m. riches, abundance 
 of wealth, happiness, blessedness. 
 
 ea-fisc, -fix, st m. river-fish, fish. 
 
 eafod, st. re. strength, might, power. 
 
 eafor, st. m. wild boar, boar. 
 
 eafora, afora, -era, -ara, w. m. de- 
 scendant, offspring, son, successor. 
 
 eafor-heafod-segn, st. m. a banner 
 for the head with the picture of a 
 wild boar upon it; — others take 
 heafod-segn as apposition to 
 eafor. 
 
 eage, ege, w. n. eye. (Ger. auge.) 
 
 eag-gebyrd, st. f. nature of the eye, 
 power of sight. 
 
 eagor-stream, st. m. sea-stream, sea. 
 
 §ag-syne, adj. visible to the eye. 
 
 eah-stream, st. m. sea. 
 
 eaht = aeht, si. f. deliberation, 
 council. 
 
 eahta, ahta, num. eight. 
 
 eahtan, w. v. 1. to consider, deem, 
 judge, observe. — 2. w. gen. to lie in 
 waitf or, ambush, pursue,persecute. 
 
 eahta-teoda, num. adj. eighteenth. 
 
 eahteda, -eada, -oda, num. adj. 
 eighth. 
 
 eahtian, w. v. 1. to consider, delib- 
 erate. — 2. to consult about, coun- 
 sel, rule. — 3. to mention with 
 praise, speak of. 
 
 eaht-nis, st. f. persecution. 
 
 eahtoda. See eahteda. 
 
 eal, eaT, al, adj. all, entire, whole, 
 universal; — eal, ace. it. adv. all, 
 quite, fully, entirely ; — ealles, gen . 
 n. adv. same as above. (Ger. all.) 
 
 ea-la. See Sa, interj. 
 
 ea-lad, st. f. seaway, voyage. 
 
 ea-land, st. n. island. 
 
56 
 
 ealbeorht — ealdorman 
 
 eal-beorht, adj. all-bright, very 
 bright. 
 
 eald, aid, adj. old, ancient, antique, 
 of yore, advanced in years, aged; 
 — compar. yldra, elder, older; — 
 superl. yldest: 1. the oldest. — 2. 
 the most respected. (Ger. alt.) 
 
 eald-cyd, -cyddu, st. f. old home, 
 former dwelling-place. 
 
 eald-dagas, st. m. pi. old days, for- 
 mer times. 
 
 eald-faeder, st m. old father, father, 
 ancestor. 
 
 eald-feond, part. & subs. pi. find, 
 old enemy, one who has for a long 
 time been a foe, devil. 
 
 eald-gecynd, st. n. old nature or en- 
 dowments, original disposition. 
 
 eald-geneat, st. m. an old compan- 
 ion (i. e., one who has been a com- 
 panion for a long time), or an aged 
 companion. [devil. 
 
 eald-genidla, w. m. ancient enemy, 
 
 eald-gesegen, st. f. old saying, tra- 
 ditions from old times. 
 
 eald-gesid, st. m. companion of many 
 years, an old courtier. 
 
 eald-gestreon, st. n. treasure out of 
 old times. 
 
 eald-geweorc,st re.old, ancient work, 
 the world. 
 
 eald-gewin, st n. fight, conflict of 
 the olden time. 
 
 eald-gewimia, w. m. old enemy, en- 
 emy for many years. 
 
 eald-gewyrht, st n. 1. old, long 
 done deed. — 2. merit for services 
 rendered for many years, desert. 
 
 eald-hettend, part. & sabs, old en- 
 emy, ancient foe. 
 
 eald-hlaford, st m. possessor, lord 
 since many years. 
 
 ealdian, to. v. to grow old. (Ger. 
 altern.) 
 ge-ealdian, to grow old. 
 
 eald-metod, st m. God ruling ever 
 since ancient times. 
 
 ealdor, aldor, st m. 1. elder, chief, 
 
 prince, lord. — 2. pi. ancestors. 
 
 Ps. 108, 14. (Ger. eltern, altern.) 
 ealdor, aldor, st. n. 1. age, old age. 
 
 2. life. — 3. on ealdre and.t6 eal- 
 
 dre, ever, forever, always. (Ger. 
 
 alter. ) 
 ealdor-bana, w. m. life-destroyer, 
 
 murderer, 
 ealdor-bealu, st n. life's evil, death. 
 ealdor-burg, st /. prince's castle, 
 
 royal city, 
 ealdor-cearu, st /. life-care, great 
 
 sorrow. 
 ealdor-dagas, st. m. pi. days of one's 
 
 life, life. 
 ealdor-dema, w. m. supreme judge, 
 
 prince. 
 ealdor-ddm, st m. 1. principality, 
 
 rule, dominion. — 2. beginning ? 
 
 Jul. 190. 
 ealdor-dugud, st /. nobles, highest 
 
 officers. 
 ealdor-frea, w. m. over-lord, king, 
 ealdor-gedal, st n. separation of 
 
 life, end, death. 
 ealdor-gesceaft,. st /. situation, 
 
 state, destiny of life, 
 ealdor-gewimia, w. m. life-enemy, 
 
 one who strives to take his enemy's 
 
 life. 
 ealdor-geard, st m. life's protection, 
 
 body. 
 ealdor-lagu, st /. dat. sg. -lege. 
 
 1. the appointed time of life, for- 
 tune.— 2. death. 
 ealdor-lang, adj. lifelong, eternal, 
 
 everlasting. 
 ealdor-lgas, adj. lifeless, dead. 
 ealdor-leas, adj. without a, lord, 
 
 ruler, 
 ealdor-llc, adj. princely, excellent, 
 
 holy. 
 ealdor-llce,a(fe.excellently,grandly. 
 ealdor-man, st «.. (alderman), 
 
 prince, ruler, high officer of state, 
 
 noble, official. 
 
ealdornam — eardgif 
 
 57 
 
 ealdor-naru, st. f. life's nourish- 
 ment, safety, refuge. 
 
 ealdor-sacerd, st. m. high priest. 
 
 ealdor-stol, st. m. lord's seat, throne. 
 
 ealdor-pegn, -p8egn,.yf. <«. king's ser- 
 vant, a principal nobleman of the 
 court, courtier, servant, prince. 
 
 ealdor-wisa, w. to. principal leader. 
 
 eald-riht, st. n. old right or ancient 
 privilege. 
 
 eald-spell, st. n. old saying, old story. 
 
 ealdur. gee ealdor. 
 
 eal-dwSrig, adj. altogether perverse, 
 depraved? Exod. 50. Others, eald- 
 w6rig, vile of old. 
 
 eal-fela, indecl. re. very much. 
 
 eal-felo, arf/.very destructive,deadly. 
 
 eal-gearo, adj. fully ready or pre- 
 pared, equipped, ready, willing. 
 
 ealgiau. algian, w. v. to shield, de- 
 fend, protect. 
 
 ge-ealgian, the same as above* 
 
 eal-grene, adj. all green, entirely 
 green. 
 
 eal-gylden, adj. all golden, entirely 
 of gold. 
 
 ealh, alh, st. m. hall, palace, temple, 
 shrine. 
 
 eal-halig, adj. all Koly. 
 
 eaLh-stede, st. m. palace, temple. 
 
 eal-iren, adj. entirely of iron. 
 
 eal-isig, adj. all ioy, having the ap- 
 pearance of ice. 
 
 ea-lidende, part. & subs, seafaring, 
 sailor. 
 
 eall, eall-. See eal, eal-, eel-. 
 
 eallenga, adv. fully, entirely, alto- 
 gether, quite, indeed. 
 
 eallunga, adv. the same as above. 
 
 eal-, al-maegen, st. n.. all might, 
 power. 
 
 eal-meaht, -miht, st. f. the same as 
 above. 
 
 eal-meahtig, -mihtig, adj. almighty. 
 
 ealneg, -nig, adj. always. 
 
 eal-nacod, adj. entirely naked. 
 
 ealo. See ealu. 
 
 eal-tela, adv. quite well. 
 
 eal-teaw, adj. altogether good. 
 
 ealu, st. n. ale, beer. 
 
 ealu-benc, si. /. ale-bench, bench 
 for those drinking ale. 
 
 ealu-drincende, part, ale-drinking. 
 
 ealu-gal, adj. drunk with ale. 
 
 ealu-wsege, st. n. ale-can, portable 
 vessel out of which ale is poured 
 into the cups. 
 
 ealu-wosa, w. m. tippler, drunkard? 
 Wy. 48. 
 
 eal-wealda, al-walda, w. adj. al- 
 mighty, all-ruling (God). 
 
 eal-wealdend, al-waldend, adji the 
 same as above. 
 
 eal-wihte (al-, all-),^?. all creatures, 
 all created things. 
 
 eal-wundor, st. m. an altogether 
 wonderful thing. 
 
 earn, eom, 1. sg. pros. I am. — 2. pu 
 eart, pu eard (Dan. 609), eartpu, 
 earttu; — pi. earon, earun. See 
 nearun. 
 
 earn, st. m. uncle, mother's brother. 
 (Ger. oheim.) 
 
 eaples, ear. See aepl, er. 
 
 ear (earh), st. m. sea, ocean. 
 
 6ar, st. m. earth, ground, grave; — 
 and name for the Kline ea. 
 
 earc, st. f. ark, chest, ark of the cov- 
 enant. 
 
 earce, w. f. ark. 
 
 earcnan-stan, st. m. gem, precious 
 stone. 
 
 eard, st. m. 1. cultivated ground, es- 
 tate, hereditary estate, fatherland, 
 stopping-place, dwelling-place, 
 dwelling, home. — 2. place. — 3. 
 earth, land. — 4. situation, con- 
 dition, fate. Hy. 7, 97. (Ger. art.) 
 
 eard-fasst, adj. established, settled, 
 abiding. 
 
 eard-geard, st. m. place of habita- 
 tion, world. 
 
 eard-gif, st. n. gift from one's native 
 place. • 
 
58 
 
 eardian — earwunga 
 
 eardian, w. v. 1. trans, to inhabit. — 
 2. intrans. to have a dwelling-place, 
 live. 
 
 ge-eardian, to take a dwelling, 
 dwell. 
 
 earding, st. f. dwelling-place, house. 
 
 eard-land, st. n. native land. 
 
 eard-lufe, w. f. love of one's native 
 land. 
 
 eard-rice, st. n. habitation,paradise. 
 
 eard-stapa, vi. m. one wandering 
 over the earth, wanderer. 
 
 eard-stede, st m. place of habitation. 
 
 eardung, st. f. place of habitation, 
 dwelling. 
 
 eardung-stow, st /. place of hab- 
 itation, dwelling. 
 
 eard-wic, st n. place of habitation, 
 dwelling. 
 
 tare, w. n. ear. (Ger. olir; Goth.aaso.) 
 
 earendel, st m. brightness, splen- 
 dor, glory. 
 
 earfede, adj. difficult, troublesome. 
 
 earfede, st. n. labor, pains, trouble, 
 difficulty, woe, torment. 
 
 earfod, st n. same as the above. 
 
 earfod-cyn, st n. depraved race, 
 unworthy generation. 
 
 earfod-dasg, st to. day of tribula- 
 tion, trouble. 
 
 earfod-hawe, adj. difficult to be 
 seen. 
 
 earfod-hwil, st.f. troublesome time, 
 time of hardship. 
 
 earfod-lic, adj. difficult, trouble- 
 some, full of labor and trouble. 
 
 earfod-lice, adv. with trouble, with 
 difficulty, with vexation, angrily, 
 sorrowfully, scarcely. 
 
 earfod-msecg, st m. unhappy, afflict- 
 ed man, sufferer. 
 
 earfod-s&lig, adj. unhappy, unfor- 
 tunate. 
 
 earfod-sld, st m. troublesome jour- 
 ney, misfortune, trouble, calamity. 
 
 earfod-tcecne, adj. difficult to be 
 shown. 
 
 earfod-prag, st.f. time of trouble, 
 sorrowful time. 
 
 earg, earn, adj. 1. lazy, cowardly, 
 timid. — 2. depraved, wicked, aban- 
 doned, vile. (Ger. arc/.) 
 
 earge, adv. inertly, vilely, ill. 
 
 ear-gebland, earh-geblond, st ». 
 tumult of the waves, mingling of 
 the waves, sea. 
 
 earg-faru. See earhfaru. 
 
 ear-grund, st. m. bottom of the sea. 
 
 earn, st n. arrow, dart. (Goth. 
 arhwazna. ) 
 
 earh-faru, st /. 1. the flying of an ar- 
 row, arrow-flight. — 2. arriere bah, 
 army of bowmen, archers. 
 
 earh-gebland. See eargeblaad. 
 
 earm, st m. arm. (Ger. arm.) 
 
 earm, adj. poor, miserable, wretched, 
 unhappy. (Ger. arm.) 
 
 earm-beag, st m. arm-ring, bracelet. 
 
 earm-cearig, adj. miserable, full of 
 sorrows. 
 
 earme, adj. miserably, badly. 
 
 earm-hread, st /. arm-ornament. 
 
 earming, st m. miserable, unhappy 
 being. 
 
 earm-lic, adj. miserable, unhappy, 
 wretched, pitiable. 
 
 earm-llce, adv. miserably, wretch- 
 edly. 
 
 earm-sceapen, part. adj. wretched 
 by the decree of fate, wretched. 
 
 earmung, st /. misery? Ea. 81, 82. 
 
 earn. See iriian. 
 
 earn, st m. eagle. (Ger. aar.) 
 
 earnian, arnian, to. v. to earn, de- 
 serve, get, labor for. (Ger. ernten.) 
 ge-earnian, same as the above. 
 
 earning, st /. earning, desert, merit, 
 reward. 
 
 earnung, st /. same as the above. 
 
 earp, adj. dusky, dark brown, dark. 
 
 eart, eard, earun. See earn. 
 
 earu, adj. quick, swift, ready. 
 
 earwunga, adv. gratuitously, for 
 nothing. 
 
6ast — eofod 
 
 59 
 
 6ast, adv. in the east, east. (Ger. 
 
 ost, osten.) 
 easta, w. m. east. (Ger. ost, osten.) 
 gastaii, -en, adv. from the east. 
 ea-st£ed, si. n. seashore, river-bank. 
 gast-dabl, st. in, eastern part of the 
 
 earth, or of a. country, east. 
 easterne, adj. eastern, east. 
 §aste-weard, adj. eastward, 
 east-land, st. n. east land, the east, 
 eastor, st. n. easter. (Ger. ostern.) 
 eastor-monad, st. m. easter month, 
 
 April, 
 eastor-niht, st.f. easter-night, night 
 
 before easter. 
 Sastor-tid, st. f. easter-time. 
 ea-stream, st. m. water-stream, 
 
 river, 
 east-rodor, st. m. eastern part of the 
 
 heavens. 
 east-weg, st. m. east way, eastward, 
 
 east. 
 eatol, adj. hostile, frightful, cruel, 
 
 foul. 
 Sad, adv. easily. 
 
 ead-bede, adj. easily entreated, en- 
 treatable, 
 ead-bene, adj. exorable. 
 eade, adj. easy, smooth, pleasant. 
 @ade, adv. easily, readily, lightly. 
 Sad-fynde, adj. easy to find. 
 6ad-hredig, adj. happy, blessed, 
 ead-mede, adj. lowly, humble, 
 
 gentle, 
 ead-medu, st. n. pi. 1. weakness, hu- 
 mility, impotency. — 2. light, joy- 
 ous way of thinking, happy 
 thoughts. — 3. humanity, affability, 
 kindness, 
 ead-metto, st. n. pi. humility, weak- 
 ness, impotency. 
 ead-mod, adj. 1. lowly, humble; — 
 w. dat. obliging, obedient. — 2. fa- 
 vorable, kind, friendly. Cri. 255. 
 tew. See ea, interj. 
 eawan, w. v. to show, disclose, 
 prove. 
 
 ge-eawan, 1. to show, offer, pre- 
 sent. — 2. intrans. appear. 
 6d-§awan, the same as abovo. 
 eawunga, adv. openly, plainly. 
 eax, st.f. axis, axletree. (Ger. achse, 
 
 axe.) 
 eaxe (-a)? Seel. 122. (eagan, Ver- 
 
 celli.) 
 eaxl, esl.st.f. shoulder. (Ger.achsel.) 
 eaxle-gespann, st. n. shoulder-span, 
 i. e. the part of the eross where 
 the beams intersect. 
 eaxl-gestella, w. m. one who has his 
 position at the shoulder of his 
 lord, trusty companion, counselor. 
 Soc. See geoc. 
 
 eode, iode, eodon, pret. went, pro- 
 ceeded, walked. See gangan, gSn. 
 [Other forms of this verb are not 
 found in Anglo-Saxon.] 
 
 be-, bi-eode, committed, per- 
 fected, fulfilled, observed, cher- 
 ished. 
 
 ful-eode, followed after, served, 
 assisted. 
 
 ful-geode, -geeode, the same as 
 above. 
 
 ge-eode, 1. went. — 2. happened, 
 occurred, took place. — 3. con- 
 quered, won by fighting, went un- 
 der, submitted. — 4. obtained, 
 reached, effected, accomplished. 
 of-eode, went away, avoided. 
 ofer-eode, 1. went over. — 2. 
 overcame, fell upon. — 3. imper. w. 
 gen. it passed by, it was withstood, 
 overcome. Deor. 7, &c. 
 6d-eode, went thither, escaped, 
 ymb-eode, went around. 
 eodor, st. m. 1. fence, hedge, in- 
 elosure, house. — 2. limit, margin, 
 coast, region. Jul. 113. — 3. pro- 
 tection, lord, prince. (0. H. Ger. 
 etar.) 
 eodor-wir, st. m. wire fence, inelos- 
 
 ure made of wire. 
 eofod, st. ii. strength, power. 
 
60 
 
 eofor — eorde 
 
 eofor, -er, -ur, st. m. 1. boar, wild 
 boar. — 2. boar-image (on the hel- 
 met). — 3. bold hero, brave fighter. 
 (Ger. eber.) 
 
 eofor-cumbol, st. n. boar-image on 
 the helmet, helmet. 
 
 eofor-lic, st. n. image of a boar, 
 boar-likeness. 
 
 eofor-sprgot, st. m. boar-spear. 
 
 eofot, st. n. debt, sin, crime. 
 
 eoful-sasc, st. f. nj blasphemy. . 
 
 eofur. See eofor. 
 
 eogod = geogud, st. f. youth, young 
 (warriors). 
 
 eon, st. m. horse. 
 
 §oh (= Iw), yew-(tree) ; and name 
 for the Rune So. 
 
 eolet, st. n. quick journey? B. 224; 
 (Grein); — sea, ocean (B.-T.). 
 
 eolh, st. m. elk ; and name for the 
 Rune x. (O. H. Ger. elaho.) 
 
 eolh-stede, si. m. temple, sanctuary. 
 
 eom. See earn. 
 
 eorcan-, eorcnan-, eorclan-stan, st. 
 m. precious stone. [dwell. 
 
 eordian = eardian, w. v. to inhabit, 
 
 Sored, eorod, st. n. cavalry, troop, 
 band, legion. 
 
 eored-cist, -ciest, -cyst, st.f. chosen 
 band, picked legion, troop. 
 
 gored-geatwe, st. f. pi. warlike 
 adornments, military trappings. 
 
 eored-mfecg, st. m. horseman. 
 
 §ored-pr6at, st. m. band, troop. 
 
 eorl, st. m. earl, man of noble birth, 
 nobleman, hero, leader, chief, cour- 
 tier, attendant, man, human being. 
 
 eorl-gebyrd, -gebyrdo, st. f. noble 
 birth, nobility. 
 
 eorl-gestreon, st. n. riches, pos- 
 sessions, wealth of the nobles. 
 
 eorl-geweede, st. n. a hero's dress, 
 armor. 
 
 eor-lic = eorl-lic, adj. knightly, 
 noble, manly. 
 
 eorl-maegen, st. n. band, company 
 of men, of noble warriors. 
 
 eorl-scipe, -scype, st. m. manhood, 
 manliness, chivalrous nature, 
 knightly bearing, knighthood^ nor 
 bility. 
 
 eorl-weorod, st. u. band of warriors, 
 a noble's followers. 
 
 eormen, yrmen, adj. immensely ex- 
 tended, whole, universal, entire. 
 
 eormen-oyn, st. n. the- human race, 
 mankind. 
 
 eormen-grund, st. m. an immeasur- 
 ably wide surface, the whole 
 earth. 
 
 eormen-lSf, st. f. enormous legaey. 
 
 eormen-strynd, st. /. widespread 
 race, generation. 
 
 eormen-peod, yrmen-, s*. /. wide- 
 spread folk, great nation. 
 
 eornad. See irnan. 
 
 eornest, st. f. earnest, earnestness, 
 battle. (Ger.. ernst. ) 
 
 eorneste, adj. earnest, serious. 
 
 eorneste, eornoste, ad®, earnestly, 
 seriously, zealously, hastily. 
 
 eorp, adj. dark brown, dusky, dark, 
 swarthy. 
 
 eorre, adj. angry, enraged, fierce. 
 
 eorringa, adv. angrily, fiercely. 
 
 eord, st. f. seedtime, crop. 
 
 eord-a^rn, st. n. earth^house, grave. 
 
 eord-buend, -biigend, part. & subs. 
 earth-dweller, man. 
 
 eord-cund, adj. sprung from the 
 earth, earthy, earthly. 
 
 eord-cynn, st. n. earth-kind,, human 
 race, man. 
 
 eord-cyning, st. m. earthly king, 
 king of the country. 
 
 eord-draca, w. m. earth-dragon, 
 dragon that dwells in the earth. 
 
 eorde, w. f. 1. earth, in contrast to 
 heaven and hell,, as a part of the 
 world and dwelling-place of man. 
 2. plain, country. —3.earth, ground, 
 soil. — 4. land,in contrast to water. 
 5. earth as substance, material, 
 matter. (Ger. erde.) 
 
eordf ae t — fsederaedelo 
 
 61 
 
 eord-faet, st. n, earthen vessel, body. 
 
 eord-gesceaft, st. /. earthly crea- 
 ture. 
 
 eord-grjef, st. n. ditch, well. 
 
 eord-grap, st. f. earth's grip or hold, 
 grave. Ruin. 6. 
 
 eord-lic, adj. earthly, terrestrial. 
 
 eord-msegen, st. n. earthly power, 
 might, strength? Eeim. 69. 
 
 eord-reced, st. n. hall in the earth, 
 cave. 
 
 eord-rice, st. n. kingdom of earth, 
 earth. 
 
 eord-scraef, st. n. hole in the earth, 
 cave, cavern, grave. 
 
 eord-sele, st. m. earth-hall, dwelling 
 in the earth, cave. 
 
 eord-stede, st. in. earth. 
 
 eord-tudor, st. n. earth's race, 
 men. 
 
 eord-wasstm, st. f. fruit of the 
 earth, plant. 
 
 eord-wara, w. m. earth-dweller, in- 
 habitant of the earth. 
 
 eord-waru, st. f. earth-dwellers, 
 mankind. 
 
 eord-weg, st. m. earthly way, 
 earth. 
 
 eord-wela, tv. m. earthly riches, 
 
 wealth, 
 eord-weall, st. m. earth-wall. 
 eord-weard, st. m. land property, 
 
 estate, 
 eoten, st. m. giant, harmful enemy. 
 
 (O. N.jcitumi.) 
 eoton. See etan. 
 eotonisc, adj. made by giants. 
 eoton-weard,s(. /.protection against 
 
 giants, safety from monsters. 
 Sow. See ge, pron. (Chaucer yow, 
 
 you.) 
 Sowan, iowan, iewan, -ian, if. t. to 
 
 let be seen, show, manifest, confer. 
 8et-e"owan, 1. to show, make 
 
 visible, manifest, disclose, declare. 
 
 2. to appear. 
 
 ge-eowan, to show, disclose. 
 6d-eowaa, 1. to show, disclose. 
 
 2. to appear. 
 eowde, st. n. herd, flock. 
 eowde-sc§ap, st. n. sheepfold, flock 
 
 of sheep. 
 gower, 1. pron. possessive, your, 
 
 yours. — 2. gen. pi. pron. personal, 
 
 see ge, pron. 
 Sowic. See ge,j>ron. 
 
 fa. See fab. 
 
 facen, st. n. fraud, stratagem, deceit, 
 evil, malice, injustice, overstepping 
 the bounds of duty, crime. (O. H. 
 Ger. frihan.) 
 
 facen-deed, st. f. sin, crime. 
 
 facen-gecwipere, st. n. cunning, 
 crafty counsel, deceit. 
 
 facen-lice, adv. deceitfully, artfully. 
 
 facen-searu, st. n. cunning intrigue, 
 treachery through deceit. 
 
 facen-steef, st. m. wickedness, treach- 
 ery, deceit. 
 
 facen-tScen, st. n. wicked, treacher- 
 ous sign, deceitful token. 
 
 I facne, adv. very, greatly, exceed- 
 ingly, hostilely. 
 \ Usee, st. n. space, interval of time, 
 time. (Ger. fach.) 
 
 f eecne, facne, adj. deceitful, cunning, 
 vile, wicked, worthless, untrust- 
 worthy. 
 
 fsecne, adv. deceitfully, maliciously ; 
 ignominiously, disgracefully. 
 
 faeder.feder.st. m. father. (Ger. vater.) 
 
 fsedera, w. m. father's brother, uncle. 
 
 fseder-eedelo, st. n. pi. genealogy, 
 ancestry, origin, paternal honors, 
 noble nature and character of the 
 father. 
 
62 
 
 faederen — fserslide 
 
 faederen, adj. fatherly, paternal, 
 from the father's side. 
 
 faederen-brodor, st. m. brother (from 
 the same father). 
 
 faederen-cyrui, st. n. father's race 
 or kin. 
 
 faaderen-masg, st. m. kinsman de- 
 scended from the same father, 
 eo-deseendant. 
 
 fseder-geard,si.m. father's dwelling, 
 house. 
 
 feeder-lie, adj. fatherly, paternal. 
 (Ger. vaterliclt.) 
 
 faedrunga, w. f. paternal relation, 
 kinswoman? mother? B; 2128. 
 
 feege, adj. devoted to death, allotted 
 to death by fate. — 2. dead. — 3. un- 
 happy, accursed, condemned. — 4. 
 f earful, timid,co wardly. (Gev.fcig. ) 
 
 fasgen, adj. fain, glad, joyous, joyful, 
 rejoicing. 
 
 faeger, adj. fair, beautiful, lovely, 
 joyous. (Goth, fagrs.) 
 
 faegere, feegre, fegere, adv. 1. fairly, 
 beautifully, pleasantly, gently, ex- 
 cellently. — 2. well, beeomingly,ac- 
 cording to etiquette. 
 
 fasger-wyrde, adj. becomingly, beau- 
 tifully speaking, fair in word. 
 
 fasgnian, w. v. to rejoice, be joyous, 
 glad, exult. 
 
 ge-fasgnian, to rejoice, gladden, 
 make glad. 
 
 fasgon. See feohan, feon. 
 
 fasgrian,jo.«.to become f air,beautiful 
 
 faegd, st. f. imminent death. 
 
 fsehd, st. f. feud, enmity, revenge, 
 hostile act, battle. (Ger. f elide.) 
 
 faehde, w.f. the same as above. 
 
 faehdo,faehdu, st. f. same as above. 
 
 fsele, adj. true, faithful, good, dear. 
 
 fcfele, adv. truly, aptly, well. 
 
 fselsian, w. v. to bring again into a 
 good condition, cleanse. 
 
 ge-fcfelsian, the same as above. 
 
 fasman, w. v. [lently. 
 
 a-faeman, to breathe out vio- 
 
 faemig, adj. foamy. 
 
 fcemne, fSmne, w. f. virgin, woman, 
 young woman. 
 
 faer, st. n. vessel, ship. 
 
 faer, st. n. warlike expedition, war. 
 
 fasr, fe"r, st. m. fear, that which comes 
 suddenly and unexpectedly; sud- 
 den, unexpected attack; fright, 
 evil, destruction. (Ger. ge-falir.) 
 
 teex (= faeger), adj. fair, beautiful; 
 lovely. 
 
 fasran, w. v. 
 
 S-fseran, to make to fear, fright- 
 en, terrify, cause sudden fright. 
 
 faeran (= f6ran), w. v. 
 
 ge-faeran, to lead, bring. Sat. 92. 
 
 fser-bifongen, part, beset by dangers 
 or terrors. 
 
 fcfer-bryne, st. m. terrible fire, great 
 heat. 
 
 fasrbu, st. f. color. (Ger. farbc.) 
 
 fasr-cyle, st. m. terrible cold, intense 
 cold. 
 
 fasr-drype, st. m. sudden or terrible 
 blow. 
 
 faereld, faeryld, st. n. way, course, 
 journey, departure, expedition. 
 
 fasr-gripe, st m. sudden, treacherous 
 gripe, attack. 
 
 fasr-gryre, st. m. fright, horror caused 
 by sudden attack. 
 
 faer-haga, w. m. hedge of dangers, 
 peril. Gu. 933. 
 
 fa3ringa,a<fo.suddenly, unexpectedly, 
 quickly. 
 
 fa^r-lice, adv. suddenly. 
 
 fa^r-nld, st. m. deadly hostility, hos- 
 tile attack. 
 
 faer-sceada, w. m. enemy bringing 
 sudden destruction. 
 
 faer-scyte, st. m. sudden or fatal 
 shot. 
 
 fser-searo, st.n. treacherous plotting, 
 sudden artifice. 
 
 fasr-slide, st. m. sudden, unexpected 
 fall. 
 
f&rspell — faedm 
 
 63 
 
 fcer-spell, st. n. news of an unex- 
 pected event, sudden tidings. 
 
 faerd = ferd, thought ? mind? Met. 
 27, 24. 
 
 fasr-wundor, st. n. sudden wonder. 
 
 fasryld. See fsereld. 
 
 fees, st. m. terror, horror, dread. 
 B. 2230. 
 
 fassl, st. n.f m.f fetus, seed, offspring. 
 
 fasst, st. f. fastness, house, citadel ? 
 Gu. 192. (Ger./este.) 
 
 fasst, fest, adj. fast, firm, fixed, 
 steadfast. (Ger. fest.) 
 
 fasstau, u: v. to fasten, make fast or 
 firm. (Ger. festcn, be-festigen .) 
 
 aet-faestan, to fasten to some- 
 thing, affix, fasten, drive into, 
 afflict. 
 
 be-, bi-faestan, 1. to give over 
 for safe keeping, trust, intrust. — 
 2. to ground, fix, fasten, make 
 fast, establish. 
 
 geblasd-fasstan, to establish in 
 fruitfulness, in riches. 
 
 gesige-fasstan, to strengthen, make 
 triumphant, crown. 
 
 6d-fssstan, to fasten, make firm, 
 affix, fix into, fix on or upon. 
 
 fasstan, w. v. 1. to fast. — 2. to ex- 
 piate by fasting. (Ger. fasten.) 
 
 fasste, feste, adv. fast, firmly, fixedly. 
 
 faesten, st. u. fasting, a fast. (Ger. 
 fasten.) 
 
 faesten, st. n. 1. firmament, sky. — 
 2. any well-inclosed or fortified 
 place, fortress, city, castle, vil- 
 lage. 
 
 faesten-geat, st. n. castle-gate, city- 
 gate. 
 
 faesten-gangol, adj. steadfast, con- 
 stant. 
 
 fasst-hydig, adj. of constant mind, 
 steadfast, brave. 
 
 faest-lic, adj. firm, fixed, steadfast. 
 
 faest-lice, ado. firmly, steadfastly, 
 fast. 
 
 faestnian, w. v. to fasten, make firm, 
 bind, fetter, confirm. 
 
 a-faestnian, to fasten, strength- 
 en, fix on or upon, confirm. 
 
 ge-fasstnian, to fasten, strength- 
 en, fix on or upon, bind, confirm. 
 
 fcestnung, st. f. fastening, strength- 
 ening, confirmation. 
 
 fcest-rEed, adj. having firm,fixed pur- 
 pose, firmly resolved. 
 
 faest-steall, adj. standing firmly, 
 fixed. 
 
 fast, st. m. step, going, way. 
 
 faet, st. n. vat, vessel, vase, cup. 
 (Ger. /ass.) 
 
 fast, adj. fat, fleshy. (Ger./ett.) 
 
 faet, st. n. plate, sheet of metal; — 
 especially gold plate. See fatu. 
 
 fasted, fastt, part, ornamented with 
 gold beaten into plate-form, cov- 
 ered, gold-mounted, ornamented 
 with gold plate; as attribute of 
 gold, brought into the proper form 
 (i. e. sheet or plate form), set in, 
 beaten fine. 
 
 fasted-hleor, adj. with golden span- 
 gles adorned cheek, with orna- 
 mented bridles. 
 
 faeted-sinc, st. n. beaten gold, fine 
 treasure. 
 
 faetels, st. m. n. vessel, sack, pouch, 
 wallet. 
 
 fast-gold, st. n. gold in sheets or 
 plates. 
 
 fast-hengest, st. m. riding-horse, 
 road-horse. 
 
 fastian, w. v. 
 
 ge-fastian, to fetch, bring. 
 
 faett. See fasted. 
 
 fasdm, st. m. f. (fathom), 1. the out- 
 spread, encircling arms. — 2. em- 
 brace, encircling, encompassing. 
 
 3. power, sway, grasp, power of 
 possession, possession, property. 
 
 4. protection, embrace, shield. — 
 
 5. bosom, lap, breast. — 6. expa,nse, 
 surface. (Ger. j'adcu.) 
 
64 
 
 faedman — fecgan 
 
 fsedman, w, v. (to fathom), to em- 
 brace, encircle, envelope. 
 
 be-faedman, to embrace, encir- 
 cle, envelope. 
 
 ofer-faedman, to encompass, 
 spread out over from above, over- 
 shadow. 
 
 faedmian, w. v. to embrace, take into 
 itself, engulf. 
 
 fsedm-rim, st. n. fathom-measure, 
 cubit. 
 
 tS.g, fSh, adj. many-colored, varie- 
 gated, of varying color, shining, 
 dyed, colored. (Goth, faihs.) 
 
 fagian, w. v. to change, vary in 
 color. 
 
 fab., fa, fag, fgh, adj. (foe), 1. pro- 
 scribed, without peace, outlawed, 
 guilty. — 2. hostile, inimical. 
 
 fal, fallan. See feal, feallan. 
 
 fam, st. ib. foam. (Ger. feim.) 
 
 famgian, w. v. to foam, boil. 
 
 famig, adj. foamy, foaming. 
 
 famig-bord, adj. having foamy sides. 
 
 famig-bosm, adj. having foamy 
 bosom. 
 
 famig-heals, adj. foamy-necked. 
 
 fana, iv. m. flag, standard. (Ger. 
 f aline. ) 
 
 fandian, w. v. to search out, test, 
 prove, try, examine, tempt. (Ger. 
 fahnden.) 
 
 a-fandian, to attempt, try. 
 ge-fandian, to attempt, try, 
 search for, investigate, find out, 
 experience. 
 
 fandung, st. f. trying, investigating, 
 finding out. 
 
 fangen. See fon. 
 
 fara, gen. pi. from fSh. 
 
 faran, st. abl. v. VI. (to fare), general 
 expression for any kind of move- 
 ment from one place to another; 
 hence, to go, walk, travel, draw, 
 ride, drive, march, sail, &c. ; to 
 practice, be versed in (Gen. 531); 
 
 to be, fare. M\i. N. T., p. 40. 
 (Ger. fahren.) 
 
 a-faran, to go out, away, depart, 
 remove. 
 
 be-faran, to go around, travel 
 through, surround, flow around, 
 encompass. 
 
 ge-faran, 1. intrans. to go, wan- 
 der, travel. — 2. to proceed, act. 
 B. 738.-3. to die. El. 872.-4. 
 w. aec. to travel to a place. 
 
 geond-faran, to fare or go 
 through, over, pervade, flow over. 
 ofer-faran, 1. to go over, or 
 across, cross, wander over or 
 through. — 2. to overtake, take un- 
 awares. — 3. to overcome, with- 
 stand. 
 
 6d-farau, to come off, escape, 
 flee from. 
 
 td-faran, to go apart, be scat- 
 tered, separate. 
 wid-faran, to come off, escape. 
 farod, farad, st. m. stream, flood of 
 
 the sea, shore, 
 farod-hengest, st. to. seahorse, ship, 
 farod-lacende, part. & subs. 1. 
 
 swimming. — 2. sailing, sailor. 
 farod-ridende, part, sailing, 
 farod-strast, st. f. sea-street, sea. 
 fara, st. J. 1. way, going, passage. 
 
 2. movable possessions, family. — 
 
 3. expedition, line (of movers), 
 host on the march. 
 
 Fastitocalon, whale, 
 fatu, st /. plate, sheet of metal, es- 
 pecially gold plate. See fast. 
 Februarius, February. Men. 18. 
 fee ? B. 2246. 
 feccan, w. v. to fetch. 
 
 ge-feooan, to fetch, bring, lead, 
 draw. 
 fecgan, st abl. v. III. 
 
 ast-fecgan, to seize, lay hold of. 
 ge-fecgan, to snatch, take to 
 one's self. 
 
fecword — f erdrinc 
 
 fee-word, at, n. conjuring, adjuring 
 
 word. B. 2246. 
 fedan, w. v. 1. to feed, nourish, sup- 
 port. — 2. to bear, bring forth, pro- 
 duce. (Ger. futiern.) 
 a-f§dan, the same as above. 
 feder. See feeder, 
 fegan, ?p. v. to join, unite, fix. (Ger. 
 
 fiigcn.) 
 
 ge-f3gan, to join, unite, fix, join 
 
 together, compact. 
 fegere,feh,fShd. See faegere,fSh,f6n. 
 fel, fell, st. n. fell, skin, hide, leather. 
 
 (Ger. fell.) 
 fel = feol, st. f. file. 
 fela, feala, feola, feolo, 1. inclccl. n. 
 
 2. adj. — 3. adv. much; much, many; 
 
 very. (Ger. viel.) 
 fela-faecne, adj. very treacherous, 
 
 deceitful. 
 fela-fr§cne, adj. very fierce, wild. 
 fela-geong, adj. very young, 
 fela-geonge, adj. much traveled. 
 fela-geomor, adj. very sad, sorrowful. 
 fela-hror, adj. very active against 
 
 the enemy, very warlike, 
 fela-leof, adj. very dear, much loved. 
 fela-meahtig, adj. very powerful, 
 
 mighty. 
 fela-modig, adj. very courageous, 
 felan, w. v. to feel, perceive, touch. 
 
 (Ger. fuhlen.) 
 ge-f§lan,to feel, perceive, touch. 
 fela-synnig, adj. much oppressed 
 
 with sins, very sinful. 
 fela-wlanc, adj. very stately. 
 feld, st. m. field, plain, open country. 
 
 (Gev.feld.) 
 feld-gangende, part, wandering 
 
 about the field, field-going, 
 feld-hus, st. n. field-house, tent. 
 fe"le-le"as, adj. without feeling, dead. 
 
 (Ger. ge-fiihllos.) 
 felgan, st. abl. r. I. 1. trans, to get 
 into something, undergo. — 2. to 
 betake one's self into, enter, con- 
 ceal. (GeT.befcldcn ; Goth, filhan.) 
 
 cEt-felgan, to hold to, hold fast, 
 
 stick to. 
 be-, bi-felgan, to stick, cling to, 
 
 affix, deliver, 
 fell. See fel. 
 
 fell, st. m. falling, ruin, death. 
 fellan, w. v. to fell, cut down. (Ger. 
 
 fallen.) 
 
 be-fellan, 1. to fell, lay low, 
 
 strike down. — 2. to deprive by 
 
 killing, bereave. 
 fSmne. See fsemne. 
 fen, st. n. fen, moor, marsh. (Ger. 
 
 fenne.) 
 feu-freodo, st. f. asylum, refuge in 
 
 the moors. 
 feng, st. m. 1. grasp, hold, gripe, 
 
 embrace. — 2. handle? Exod. 246. 
 fgng. See fon. 
 
 fengel, st. m. lord, prince, king, 
 fen-gelad, st. n. fen-path, fen. 
 feng-net, st. n. catehing-net, net. 
 fen-hlid, st. n. precipice at the edge 
 
 of a moor, marsh-precipice. 
 fen-hop, st. «. a pool of water in the 
 
 midst of a marsh, refuge in the fen. 
 fSnix, st. m. 1. the bird phoenix. — 
 
 2. date-palm. Ph. 174. 
 fen-yoe, w. f. marsh-frog. 
 fSr. See feer. 
 
 feran, w. v. to move one's self, make 
 
 journey, go, travel, march, sail, &c. 
 
 ge-feran, 1. to fare, go, come 
 
 (intrans. orw. cognate ace.) — 2. to 
 
 undergo, endure, suffer, experience. 
 
 3. to attain, obtain, fulfill, effect, 
 perfect. — 4. to behave one's self, 
 conduct one's self. 
 
 geond-fSran, to wander over or 
 
 through. 
 feran (Seef. 26), to be changed into 
 
 frefran. 
 fer-blsed, st. m. sudden, fearful 
 
 blast of wind. 
 feT-clam, st. m. sudden seizing, or 
 
 unexpected, dangerous straits. 
 ferd-rinc, st. in. warrior. 
 
66 
 
 fere — fedelast 
 
 fere, ace. of faru, st. f. bearing, 
 bringing. 
 
 ferend, part. & subs, farer, seafarer, 
 sailor. 
 
 fergan. See ferian. 
 
 fern, st. m. n. life. 
 
 fern, fearh, st. m. (farrow), hog, 
 boar; picture of a boar on a hel- 
 met. (Ger. ferlcel; O.H.Ger./aW».) 
 
 ferht = ferhd, st re. soul, mind, 
 thought. 
 
 ferht-lic, adj. sensible, wise, just. 
 
 ferhd, st. m. ». 1. soul, mind, heart. 
 2. life. 
 
 ferhd-bana,ro.TO. soul, life-destroyer, 
 murderer. 
 
 ferhd-cearig, adj. of anxious mind, 
 sorrowful. 
 
 ferhd-cleofa, w. m. coueh or seat of 
 the soul, breast. 
 
 ferhd-cofa, w. in. same as above. 
 
 ferhd-freo, adj. having good courage, 
 bold, brave. 
 
 ferhd-genldla, w. m. life-enemy, 
 mortal enemy. 
 
 ferhd-gleaw, adj. prudent, wise, sa- 
 gacious. 
 
 ferhd-loca, w. m. inelosure of the 
 soul, breast. 
 
 ferhd-sefa, w. m. life-spirit, mind, 
 thought. 
 
 ferian, fergan, w. v. 1. to bear, carry, 
 bring, lead, conduct, bring for- 
 ward. — 2. w. reflex, ace. to betake 
 one's self to, be versed in. — 3. to 
 set out, depart, go. (Ger. fiihren.) 
 
 feriend, part. & subs, leader, bringer. 
 
 fenng, st. f. journey, wandering. 
 
 fer-nes, st. f. transition, passing 
 away. 
 
 ferian. See feorran. 
 
 ferian, w. v. 
 
 3-ferran, to remove. 
 
 fersn. See fiersn. 
 
 ferd, st. m. re. 1. soul, heart, mind. — 
 2. life. 
 
 ferd = ferd, fyrd, crowd? troop? 
 Wand. 54. 
 
 ferd-fridende, part, life-keeping, 
 life-preserving. 
 
 ferd-gewit, st. n. consciousness, un- 
 derstanding. 
 
 ferd-grim, adj. of a grim, cruel 
 mind, savage. 
 
 ferd-looa, w. m. inelosure of the 
 soul, heart, breast. 
 
 ferd-sefa, w. m. spirit of life, soul, 
 thought. 
 
 ferd-wSrig, adj. life-weary, sad, sor- 
 rowful. 
 
 fest, feste. See fsest, faeste. 
 
 f§t. See f6t, — feet. 
 
 fetel, st. m. belt, girdle. 
 
 fetel-hilt, st. n. a sword-hilt, with 
 gold chains fastened to it. 
 
 feter. See fetor. 
 
 feterian, fetran, fetrian, «;. v. to 
 fetter, 
 ge-feterian, to fetter, tie. 
 
 fetian, fettan, w. v. to fetch, bring 
 near, bring. 
 
 ge-fetian, to fetch, bring near, 
 bring. 
 
 fetor, feter, st.f. fetter, chain. (Ger. 
 fesscl. ) 
 
 fetor-wrSsen, st. f. fetter, chain. 
 
 fe"d. See f6n. 
 
 feda, w. m. 1. infantry-man, foot- 
 soldier. — 2. infantry, troop of war- 
 riors, line of battle, army. — 3. 
 battle. Jul. 389. 
 
 f§de, st. n. going, gait, pace, power 
 of going. 
 
 fede-cempa, w. m. foot-soldier, i 
 
 fe"de-gang, st. m. journey on foot. 
 
 fede-gaest, -gast, st. m. guest coming 
 on foot. 
 
 fede-georn, adj. desirous of going, 
 willingly going. 
 
 fe"de-hwearf, st. m. band or troop of 
 footmen, pedestrians. . 
 
 fede-last, st. m. signs of going, foot- 
 print, going afoot. 
 
fedeleas — feohgifu 
 
 67 
 
 fede-16as, adj. footless. 
 f§de-mund, st. f. going-hand, fore- 
 foot of the badger, 
 feder, fider, fyder, num. four, — only 
 
 found in compounds. 
 feder, st.f. feather. (Ger. feder.) 
 feder-gearwe, st. f. pi. feather 
 equipment, feathers of the shaft 
 of the arrow. 
 feder-hama, w. in. feather-home, 
 covering of birds, of angels, and 
 of the devil; feathers, wings, plu- 
 mage. 
 feder-scette, adj. quadrangular, ex- 
 tended in four directions, 
 feder-sceatas, st. m. pi. four sides, 
 
 quarters, 
 fede-spedig, adj. speedy of foot, 
 
 swift. 
 fSde-wig, st. m. battle on foot, 
 fedran, w. v. to feather. 
 
 ge-fedran, to supply with feath- 
 ers or wings, give wings to. 
 fez, feo. See feas, feoh. 
 fSa, adj. few, little. (Goth, fans, 
 
 faws.) 
 fea, adv. a little, at all. 
 feal, feala. See feall, fela. 
 fealdan, st. red. v. to fold. (Ger. 
 fatten. ) 
 
 be-, bi-fealdan, to surround, 
 encompass, embrace, grasp. 
 fealdian, w. v. 
 
 gemaenig-fealdian, to multiply. 
 feall, fall, st. in. fall, slaughter (ms. 
 
 ful). Exod. 167. 
 feallan, st. red. r. 1. to fall, fall 
 headlong. — 2. to befall,come upon, 
 overtake. — 3. to fall down, go to 
 ruin. (Ger. fallen.) 
 
 a-feallan, 1. to fall, fall down. 
 2. to make to fall, kill. 
 
 be-feallan, 1. to fall, fall into. 
 2. part, befeallen, deprived of, 
 robbed, 
 ge-feallan, to fall, sink down; — 
 
 sometimes w. ace. (of place, 
 whither), to fall to, overwhelm. 
 of-feallan, to cut off. 
 fealo. See fela. 
 fga-16g, adj. helpless, destitute, 
 fealu, fealo, adj. fallow, pale red, 
 pale yellow, dun-colored, tawny. 
 (Ger. fahl, falb.) 
 fealu-hilt, adj. having a yellow, i. e. 
 
 golden hilt or handle. 
 fealu-wian, feal-wian, w. v. (to fal- 
 low), to become fallow, grow yel- 
 low, ripen, wither. 
 fearh. See fern. 
 fearm, st. in. freight, cargo. 
 fearn, st. n. feru. (Gev.farn.) 
 fearod. See farod. 
 fea-sceaft, adj. abandoned, alone, 
 lonely, miserable, unhappy, help- 
 less, 
 fea-sceaftig, adj. the same as above. 
 feax, fex, st. re. hair of the head, 
 
 hair. (O. H. Ger./«/(S.) 
 feax-har, adj. hoary, gray-haired, 
 feo. See feoh. 
 
 f§ogan, fiogan, fgon, w. v. to hate, 
 be hostile to, persecute, disturb. 
 (Goth, fijan.) 
 feoh, feo, st. n. (fee), 1. cattle, herd. 
 2. hence, as cattle were used as 
 exchange in buying and selling, 
 money, possessions, property, 
 treasure, riches.— 3. name of the 
 Eune f. (Ger. vieli.) 
 feohan, feon, st. ail. v. III. to rejoice, 
 enjoy one's self. 
 
 ge-feohan, to enjoy one's self, 
 take delight in; object of joy in 
 gen. or instr. 
 feoh-gesteald, st. n. possession of 
 
 riches. 
 feoh-gestreon, st. re. treasure, pos- 
 sessions, riches. 
 feoh-gift, -gyft, st.f. bestowing of 
 
 gifts or treasures, 
 feoh-gifu, -giefu, st.f. same as above. 
 
68 
 
 feohgifre — feorheaceu 
 
 feoh-gifre, adj. greedy of money, 
 avaricious. 
 
 feoh-gitsere, st. m. miser. 
 
 feoh-leas,ad/'. that can not be atoned 
 for by gifts, inexpiable. 
 
 feoli-sceat, st. m. money, treasure. 
 
 ieoht, st. n. fight, battle, (ms. fohte, 
 By. 103.) (Ger. gefecht.) 
 
 feobtan, st. abl. v. I. to fight, eon- 
 tend, combat; strive, struggle. 
 (Ger. fechten.) 
 
 a-feohtan, 1. to fight against, 
 
 overcome. — 2. to tear out,destroy. 
 
 aet-feohtan, to feel about with 
 
 the hands (like a blind man), 
 
 grope. 
 
 bi-feohtan, to deprive of by 
 fighting, rob. Ea. 4, 32. 
 
 ge-feohtan, 1. to fight, combat, 
 struggle. — 2. to overcome by fight- 
 ing, win, gain. 
 
 ofer-feohtan, to overcome, con- 
 quer. 
 
 on-feohtan, to attack, assault, 
 fight with. 
 
 wider-feohtan, to fight against, 
 be an adversary, enemy. 
 
 feohte, w. f. combat, battle. 
 
 fgol, fgl, st. f. file. (Ger. feile.) 
 
 feola. See fela. 
 
 feolan, fiolan, st. all. v. II. 1. to 
 stick, adhere. — 2. to attain to, 
 come, pass. 
 
 ast-feolan, to stick to, hold on 
 to, cleave, adhere, continue. 
 
 be-,bi-feolan, to fix in, fasten, com- 
 mit, deliver, command, grant. 
 
 geond-feolan, to fill completely, 
 envelope, surround. 
 
 feolde. See folde. 
 
 feol-lieard, adj. so hard that it with- 
 stands the file, exceedingly hard. 
 
 feolo. See fela. 
 
 febn. See fSohan and feogan. 
 
 feond, fiond, part. & svbs. fiend, 
 enemy. (Ger. feind.) 
 
 feond-cet, st. n. eating of sacrifice 
 to an idol. 
 
 febnd-grap, st. f. foe's clutch, en- 
 emy's gripe. 
 
 feond-gyld, st. n. something conse- 
 crated to idolatry, an idol. Ps. 
 105, 25. 
 
 feond-lice, adj. hostilely. 
 
 feond-r*s, st. m. hostile attack. 
 
 feond-sceada, w. m. hurtful enemy, 
 foe, robber. 
 
 feond-scipe, -scype, st. m. enmity, 
 hostility. 
 
 feor, feorr, adj. far, remote, at a dis- 
 tance. 
 
 feor, fior, fier, adv. 1. far, far away, 
 far off. — 2. far back in the past. 
 3. further, moreover. (Ger. fern. ) 
 
 feor-buend,^ia?-£. dwelling far away. 
 
 feor-cund, adj. far-coming, foreign. 
 
 feor-cyd, st. f. home of those living 
 far away, foreign land. 
 
 feore, feores, dat. gen. of feorh. 
 
 feorh, feorg, st. m. it. 1. life, vital 
 principle, soul. — 2. living being, 
 individual. — 3. body,corpse. (Ger. 
 fercli.) 
 
 feorh-bana, w. m. destroyer of life, 
 manslayer, murderer. 
 
 feorh-ben, st. f. wound that threat- 
 ens life, deadly wound. 
 
 feorh-berend, part, life-bearing, liv- 
 ing. 
 
 feorh-bealu, st. «. evil destroying 
 life, violent death. 
 
 feorh-bold, st. n. life's dwelling, 
 body. 
 
 feorh-cwalu, st. f. death. 
 
 feorh-cweahn, st. m. killing,murder, 
 slaughter. 
 
 feorh-cyn, st. n. race of the living, 
 mankind. 
 
 feorh-dagas, st. m. pi. life's days, 
 life. 
 
 feorh-dolg, st. n. wound threatening 
 life, deadly wound. 
 
 feorh-eacen, adj. living. 
 
feorhgebeorh — f if bund 
 
 Gd 
 
 feorh-gebeorh, st. n. life's protec- 
 tion, refuge. 
 
 feorh-gedal, st. n. separation from 
 life, death. 
 
 feorh-genidla, w. m. one who plots 
 against life, life's enemy, mortal 
 enemy. 
 
 feorh-giefa, w. m. giver of life. 
 
 feorh-gifu (Eeim. 6). See feohgifu. 
 
 feorh-g6me, w.f. means of existence, 
 or eare for life ? Cri. 1549. (Grein.) 
 
 feorh-goma, w. m. fatal or deadly 
 jaws. (B.-T.) 
 
 feorh-hirde, st. m. life's guardian. 
 
 feorli-hord, st. n. life's treasure, life. 
 
 feorh-hus, st. n. life's house, body. 
 
 feorh-lagu, st. f. life's end, murder, 
 death. 
 
 feorh-last, st. m. way taken for the 
 preservation of life, flight (Grein) ; 
 — trace of (vanishing) life, sign of 
 death (Harrison & Sharp). B. 846. 
 
 feorh-lSan, st. n. revenge for blood- 
 shed (Grein) ; life's gift (B.-T.). 
 Exod. 150. 
 
 feorh-lif, st. n. life. 
 
 feorh-loca, w. m. life's inclosure, 
 , breast. 
 
 feorh-naru, st./. life's nourishment; 
 life's preservation, rescue, refuge. 
 
 feorh-rsed, st. m. counsel, action for 
 preserving life. 
 
 feorh-seoc, adj. life-sick, mortally 
 wounded. 
 
 feorh-sweng, st. m. death-blow, 
 stroke. 
 
 feorh-pearf , st. f. life's need, urgent 
 need. 
 
 feorh-wnnd, st. f. deadly wound, 
 fatal hurt. 
 
 feor-land, st. n. far-away land. 
 
 feonn, st.f. (farm), 1. meal,banquet. 
 2. sustenance, subsistence, enter- 
 tainment, entertaining. — 3. food, 
 provisions, goods, substance. — 4. 
 use, benefit, profit, enjoyment, 
 feorma, w. adj. the first. 
 
 feormend, part. & subs. 1. one who 
 hospitably entertains, an enter- 
 tainer. — ■ 2. cleanser, cleaner, pol- 
 isher. 
 
 feormend-leas, adj. wanting the 
 cleanser or polisher .* 
 
 feormian, feorman, w. v. (to farm), 
 
 1. to entertain, receive as guest. — 
 
 2. to come for, cherish, support. 
 
 3. to eat, devour, consume. — 4. to 
 keep in a good condition, clean, 
 cleanse, polish. 
 
 ge-feormian, 1. to receive as 
 guest, be hospitable. — 2. to care 
 for, advise. — 3. to feast, eat, con- 
 sume. 
 
 feorr. See feor. 
 
 feorran, w. -o. to remove, free from. 
 
 feorran, adv. 1. from afar, afar, far 
 off, — used both of space and of 
 time. 
 
 feorran-cund, adj. having origin or 
 birth far away, foreign-born. 
 
 feorsian, w. v. to proceed farther, 
 go beyond. 
 
 feorsn. See fiersn, heel. 
 
 feor-weg, st. m. far, long way. 
 
 feord, st. n. life, soul. 
 
 feorda, w. adj. the fourth. 
 
 feorum, dat. pi. of feorh. 
 
 feoung, st.f. hate, enmity, hatred. 
 
 fSower, num. four. 
 
 fSowerda, w. adj. the fourth. 
 
 f@ower-f§te, fier-, adj. four-footed. 
 
 f@ower-tig, num. forty. 
 
 f§ower-tyne, num. fourteen. 
 
 fic-beam, st. m. fig-tree. 
 
 fif, num. five. 
 
 flf=fifel, sea-monster? B. 420. 
 
 fifel, st. n. sea-monster, giant. 
 
 flfel-cyn, st n. giant race, race of 
 sea-monsters. 
 
 Pifel-dor, st. n. door of sea-monsters, 
 river Eider. 
 
 fifel-strgam, st. m. ocean, sea. 
 
 fifel-waeg, st. m. ocean, sea. 
 
 fif-hund, num. five hundred. 
 
70 
 
 fifnuegen — fiersu 
 
 fif-masgen, st. n. magic power? 
 Sal. 136. 
 
 fifta, w. adj. the fifth. 
 
 fiftene, -tyne, num. fifteen. 
 
 fiftig, num. fifty. 
 
 filed. See feolan. 
 
 findan, st. dbl. v. I. (pret. fand, 
 funde), to find, find out, invent, 
 imagine, ascertain, attain, discover, 
 seek out, visit, go to. (Ger. finden.) 
 a-findan, to experience, fe^l. 
 on-findan, 1. to find out, hit 
 upon, observe, discover. — 2. to ex- 
 perience, feel. — 3. to be .sensible 
 of, perceive, notice. 
 
 finger, st. m. finger. (Ger. finger.) 
 
 finta, w. m. 1. tail. — 2. consequences 
 of an action. 
 
 firas, fyras, st. m. pi. men, human 
 beings. 
 
 firen, fyren, 1. st. f. going beyond 
 usual or customary bounds. — adv. 
 instr. pi. firenum, immoderately, 
 excessively, extraordinarily, ter- 
 ribly, very. — 2. overstepping cus- 
 tom and law or right, wicked deed, 
 sin, trespass, crime. — 3. extraor- 
 dinary calamity or pain which one 
 suffers or inflicts, cunning way- 
 laying, insidious hostility, outrage, 
 malice, torment, tribulation, suf- 
 fering, pain. (Goth, fairina.) 
 
 firen, adj. 1. sinful, vicious, wicked, 
 malicious. — 2. unnatural, mon- 
 strous. 
 
 firen-bealu, st. n. sinful, evil. 
 
 firen-craeft, st. m. sinful craft, wick- 
 edness, impiety. 
 
 firen-dsed, -d§d, st. f. wicked deed. 
 
 firen-earfede, st. n. dire distress, 
 sore affliction. 
 
 firen-fremmende, part, evil-doing, 
 committing crimes. 
 
 firen-full, adj. sinful, wicked. 
 
 firen-georn, adj. inclined to sin, lov- 
 ing sin. 
 
 fireman, firnian, w. v. 1. to sin. — 2. 
 
 to scold, upbraid, 
 ge-fyrnian, to sin. 
 firen-lic, adj. 1. wicked, malicious. 
 
 2. too great, vehement. 
 firen-lloe, adv. vehemently, rashly. 
 firen-lust, st. m. lust, sinful desire. 
 firen-synnig, adj. evil-minded,sinful. 
 firen-pearf, st. f. great need, terrible 
 
 distress. 
 firen-weorc, st. n. evil, sinful work, 
 
 sin, crime. 
 firen-wyrcend, part. & subs, evil- 
 working, sinner. 
 firen-wyrhta, w. m. same as above. 
 firgen, fyrgen, st. n. mountain-; — 
 
 used only in compounds. 
 firgen-beam, st. m. tree of a moun- 
 tain-forest. 
 firgen-holt, st. n. mountain-wood, 
 
 mountain-forest, 
 firgen-stream (firigend-), st. m. 
 
 mountain-stream, sea. 
 firhd-sefa, w. m. spirit, mind, 
 firnian. See firenian. 
 firran, w. v. 
 
 S-firran, to remove, take away. 
 first, st. m. space of time, time. (Ger. 
 
 frist.) 
 firwet. See fyrwet. 
 fiso, fix, st. m. fish. (Ger. fisch.) 
 fisc-net, st. n. fish-net. 
 fit, st. f. fit, contest, fight. Gen. 
 
 2072. [See next word.] 
 fit, st.f. fit, song, poem. [Cf. Skeat's 
 
 Etym. Diet., under fit, 2.] 
 fider. See feder. 
 fider-leas, adj. featherless, without 
 
 feathers. 
 Adrian, w. v. (Ger. fiedern. ) 
 
 ge-fidrian, to feather, furnish 
 
 with wings. 
 fidru, st. n. pi. wings, plumage, 
 
 feathers. (Ger. gefieder.) 
 fix. See fiso. 
 fier. See feor. 
 fiersn, st. /. heel. (Ger. ferse. ) 
 
fier — flodblac 
 
 71 
 
 fier-, fierst, fiogan, fiolan, fiond, 
 fior. See feower-, fyrst, feogan, 
 feolau, feond, feor. 
 
 fla, w. f. arrow, dart, javelin. 
 
 flacor, adj. flickering, flying. 
 
 flceman. See fleman. 
 
 fleesc, st. n. flesh, — in contrast partly 
 with bones and skin and partly 
 with the soul : in the latter sense, 
 also, as seat of sensuous feelings 
 or desires; finally, the general 
 term for any living corporeal 
 creature. (Ger. fleisch . ) 
 
 flsesc-hama, -homa.ir. m. flesh-dress, 
 body, carcass. 
 
 flan, fla, adj. tricky, deceitful, crafty, 
 hostile. 
 
 flah,«i.«.deceit,cunning, wickedness. 
 
 flan, st. m. f. arrow, dart, javelin. 
 
 flan-boga, w. m. bow adapted to ar- 
 rows, bow. 
 
 flan-geweorc, st . n. apparatus suited 
 for hurling or shooting, arrow- 
 work. 
 
 flan-hred, adj. arrow-equipped. 
 
 fl&n-bracu, st. f. force or impetus of 
 darts or arrows, onset, attack. 
 
 flema, w. m. fugitive. 
 
 fleman, w. v. to make to flee, put to 
 flight. 
 
 ge-fleman, -flseman, the same. 
 
 flet, st. n. (Scotch flet), 1. ground, 
 floor of a hall. — 2. hall, mansion. 
 
 flet-gesteald, st.n. household wealth, 
 riches, adornment of the hall. 
 
 flet-psed, st. m. hall-path, floor of 
 the house. 
 
 flet-ra?st, st. f. resting-place in the 
 hall, night-couch. 
 
 flet-sittende, part, sitting in the hall. 
 
 flet-werod, st. n. troop of the hall, 
 comitatus, body-guard. 
 
 fleam, st. m. flight. 
 
 fleogan = fleohaa, to flee. See fl§on. 
 
 flSogan, st. dbl. v. VI. to fly. (Ger. 
 fliegen.) 
 
 ge-fleogau, 1. to fly.— 2. to fly 
 over ; reach by flying. 
 
 6d-fl€ogan, to fly away from, 
 escape, 
 fleoge, w. f. fly. 
 fleohan. See fleon. 
 fleoh-cyn, st. n. a kind of flies, 
 fleoh-net, st. ■«. fly-net, net for keep- 
 ing off insects, 
 fleon, fleohan,fleogaii,fllon, st. abl.v. 
 VI. X.intrans. to flee, fly. — Z.w.acc. 
 to flee,avoid,escape. (GeT.jlielien.) 
 a-fleon, to flee from, escape. 
 be-fl§on, to flee from, escape, 
 avoid, 
 in-fleon, to flee from, escape, 
 ofer-fleon, to flee from, yield, 
 fleos. See flys. 
 flgot, st. n. (fleet), raft, ship, float. 
 
 (Ger. fliesz, floss. ) 
 fleotan, st. abl. v. VI. (to fleet), float 
 upon the water, swim, navigate, 
 sail. (Ger. fliessen.) 
 flgotig, adj. fleet, swift. 
 flint. See flyht. 
 flihd. See flSogan. 
 flint, st. m. flint, flintstone. 
 flint-greeg, adj. gray like flintstone. 
 flit, st. n. strife, contention. (Ger. 
 
 fleiss.) 
 fllta, w. m. striver, fighter. 
 flltan, st. abl. v. V. to exert one's 
 self, strive, contend, emulate, fight, 
 quarrel. 
 
 ofer-flitan, to surpass in a con- 
 test, overcome, conquer. 
 flion, flius. See fl6on, flys. 
 floccan, w. v. to clap, applaud? Ea. 
 
 21, 34. 
 fl6d, st. m. n. flood, stream, wave, 
 tide, sea-stream, current of the 
 sea, overflow, inundation, river. 
 (Ger. flut.) 
 flod-blac, adj. flood-pale, made pale 
 by the waters through fear of 
 drowning. 
 
72 
 
 flSdegsa — folcgewin 
 
 flod-egsa, w. m. fear of water, flood- 
 terror. 
 flod-grceg, adj. water-gray. 
 HSd-weg, st. m. waterway, sea. 
 flSd-weard, st /. flood-guard, i. e. 
 
 the walls caused by dividing the 
 
 Eed Sea. Exod. 493. 
 flSd-Wudu, st. m. flood-wood, ship. 
 flod-wylm, st. m. billows, raging sea. 
 fl6d-yd, st. f. flood-wave. 
 flor, st. f. m. floor, stone floor, plain, 
 
 field. (Ger.^tw.) 
 flot, st. n. water deep enough to float 
 
 a ship, sea. 
 flota, w. m. 1. ship. — 2. sailor, sea- 
 robber, 
 flot-here, st. m. fleet, naval force, 
 flot-man, st. m. sailor, pirate. 
 flot-weg, st. m. seaway, sea; 
 flowan, st. red. v. to flow, stream.' 
 
 (O. H. Ger. flawjan.) 
 be-flowan, to flow around, wash. 
 geond-flowan, to flow over or 
 
 through, 
 to-flowan, 1. to flow down, 
 
 away, or apart. — 2. to flow or 
 
 stream to, pour in. 
 under-fldwan, to flow under. 
 flyge, st m. flying, flight. 
 flyge-r§ow, adj. wild-flying, fierce 
 
 in flight. 
 flyge-wil, st. n. flying wile, Satan's 
 
 dart, 
 flyht, fliht, st. m. flight, flying. (Ger. 
 
 flucht.) 
 flyht-hwaet, adj. quick in flight, 
 
 ready for flight. 
 flyhd. See fleon. 
 flyma, w. m. fugitive. 
 flyman, w. v. to put to flight, rout, 
 a-flyman, the same as above. 
 ge-flyman, the same as above. 
 flys, flius, st ii. fleece, wool. (Ger. 
 
 vUess, fliesz. ) 
 fnaed, st v. fringe, border. 
 fnsest, st m. strong or violent breath 
 
 of air, blast, breathing, breath. 
 
 fddor, foddor, -iir, st. n. fodder, 
 
 food, nourishment, victuals. (Ger. 
 
 f utter.) 
 fodor-begu, st /. feeding, eating, 
 
 nourishment, food. 
 fodor-wela, w. m. wealth of food, 
 
 provisions, 
 fob.. See fon. 
 folc, st n. folk, people, nation, 
 
 crowd, throng; a people, tribe, 
 
 family, band of warriors; — pi. 
 
 fighting-men, warriors, people, 
 
 men. (Ger. voile.) 
 folc-agend, part. & subs, leading a 
 
 band of warriors, ruling over a 
 
 people; — leader, ruler. 
 folc-bealu, st n. great evil, horrible 
 
 torment. 
 folc-bearn, st n. child of the people, 
 
 fellow-man. 
 folc-biorn, st m. man of the multi- 
 tude, common man. 
 folc-cu, st /. folk-cow, cow of the 
 
 herd, 
 folc-oud, adj. known to the people, 
 
 celebrated, popular. 
 folc-cwe"n, st. f. folk-queen, queen 
 
 of a warlike host. 
 folo-cyning, st m. folk-king, king 
 
 of a warlike host. 
 folc-dryht, -drilit, st /. multitude 
 
 of people, followers. 
 folo-egsa,w;/«.folk-fright,terror,fear 
 folc-firen, st /. crime of the people, 
 folc-frea, w. m. lord of the people, 
 
 leader of the host. 
 folc-gesid, st m. one of the same 
 
 country, countryman, one of the 
 
 leader's chief attendants, thane, 
 
 warrior, 
 folc-gestealla, w. m. same as above. 
 folc-gestrgon, st n. riches, posses- 
 sions of a people. 
 folo-getael, st n. number of the 
 
 people, number, tale. 
 folo-getrum, st a. army, host. 
 folc-gewin, st «. war. 
 
folcland — f orfon 
 
 73 
 
 folc-land, st. n. folk-land, land held 
 in common by freemen of all 
 ranks. 
 
 folc-masgeu, st. n. people's force, 
 multitude, people. 
 
 folc-msegd, st. f. tribe, nation. 
 
 folo-msere, adj. celebrated. 
 
 folc-ned, st f. care for the people. 
 Ps. 77, 16. 
 
 folc-reed, st. m. what best serves a 
 ■warlike host, public benefit. 
 
 folc-reeden, st.f. decree or ordinance 
 of the people. 
 
 folc-riht, st. »». folk-right, common 
 privilege, the rights of every free- 
 man, public right,, rightful share 
 in the possessions of the commu- 
 nity. 
 
 folc-sael, st. n. people's hall, hall in 
 which the leader entertains his 
 personal followers. 
 
 folc-scearu, st. f. part of a host of 
 warriors, nation, province; — folk- 
 share? folk-land? B. 73. [lain. 
 
 folc-sceada, w. m. people's foe, vil- 
 
 folc-scipe, st. m. nation, people. 
 
 folc-stede, -styde, st. m. place or 
 habitation of the people, place 
 where a band of warriors is quar- 
 tered; fortress, city, land. 
 
 folc-swdot, st. m. multitude, host. 
 
 folc-talu, st. f. numbering of the 
 people, genealogy. 
 
 folc-toga, w. m. leader of the host, 
 commander of an army, prince, 
 duke. 
 
 folcu. See folc-cii. 
 
 folc-weras, st. m. pi. men of the 
 people, people. 
 
 folc-wiga, id. m. warrior, fighter. 
 
 folc-wita, w. m. public counselor, 
 senator. 
 
 fold-aern, st. n. earth-house, grave. 
 
 fold-bold, st. re. earthly dwelling, 
 
 castle. 
 fold-buend, -buende, part. pi. & 
 subs, earth-dwellers, men. 
 
 folde, w. f. 1. earth, firm land, — in 
 contrast with water, heaven and 
 hell, the dwelling-place of man 
 and the producer of fruits, &c. — 
 
 2. land, country, district, region. 
 
 3. soil, ground, crust. — 4. earth, 
 dust of the earth. Gu. 795. 
 
 fold-grasf, st. n. earth-grave. 
 
 fold-greeg, adj. earth-gray, earth- 
 colored. 
 
 fold-hrerend, part, earth-touching, 
 walking on the earth. 
 
 fold-rsest, st. f. rest in the earth, in 
 the grave. 
 
 fold-wang, st. m. plain, earth. 
 
 fold-wasstm, st. m. fruits of the 
 earth. 
 
 fold-weg, st, m. 1. path over the 
 earth, way by land. — 2. earth. 
 
 fold-wela, w. w. earthly riches. 
 
 folgad, -od, st. m. 1. office, service 
 of a follower, service, attendance. 
 2. situation or condition of life, 
 destiny. 
 
 folgere, st. m. follower. 
 
 folgian, to. v. 1. to follow. — 2. to 
 pursue, follow after. — 3. to follow, 
 obey. — 4. to perform vassal-duty, 
 serve, follow. (Ger. folgen.) 
 
 form, st. f. palm of the hand, hand. 
 
 folme, w. f. the same as above. 
 
 fon, st. red. v. to catch, grasp, take 
 hold of,take,receive. (Gev.fangen.) 
 a-fon, to lay hold of, seize; — 
 forht afangen, inva,ded with fear. 
 an-fon, to accept, receive. 
 be-fon, bi-f6n, to surround, en- 
 snare, encompass, embrace ; to lay 
 hold of, seize; conceive, receive; 
 — wordum befon, to tell, relate. 
 
 for-f6n, 1. to seize, lay hold of, take 
 away. — 2. to arrest. 
 ge-f6n, w. ace. to seize, grasp. 
 ofer-fdu, to capture, take pris- 
 oner. 
 
 on-fon, to receive, accept, take, 
 hear, perceive. 
 
74 
 
 for — forjit 
 
 purh-f6n, to grasp through, 
 break through with a gripe. 
 
 wid-fdn, to seize or grasp at, 
 clutch, seize. 
 
 ymb-, ymbe-fon, to surround, 
 encompass, encircle, embrace. 
 for, prep, (for), I. w. dat. 1. local: 
 before, in the presence of. — 2. 
 causal: (a.) to denote a subjective 
 motive, on account of, through, 
 from. — (b.) to denote an objective 
 cause, through, from, for, by rea- 
 son of, on account of. — (c.) after 
 verbs denoting fear, anxiety, care, 
 &c, as well as those protecting, 
 defending, freeing from, &c. — for, 
 by reason of, of, against, from, 
 about. — (d.) w. dat. of person: for 
 or on account of whom something 
 is done or suffered. — (e.) to show 
 agreement or fitness, according to, 
 in accordance with, on account of. 
 (/. ) to denote purpose : to, for. — 
 (g.) with verbs of begging, swear- 
 ing, promising — for the sake of, 
 by: for dryhtne,by God. — (h.) to 
 denote that for which or against 
 which something is done for. — («.) 
 as to, considering, about. — 3. tem- 
 poral: before, sooner than. — II. 
 w. ace. (a.) local: before, in the 
 sight of. — (b.) temporal: before, 
 sooner than. — (c.) before, above. — 
 (d. ) for, instead of, as : for paet, for 
 that, thereof, therefrom, &c. — III. 
 w. instr.= for, to. dat. (Ger. vor.) 
 for-, (Ger. ver-, Goth, fair-, fro-, 
 
 faur-. ) 
 for, st. f. a going, departing, course, 
 trip, journey; way, behavior, man- 
 ner of life, 
 foran, I. adv. before, among the first, 
 forward, in front. — ll.prep. to. dat. 
 before. 
 ford, st. m. ford. (Dan. fjord; Ger. 
 furt.) 
 
 fore, I. prep. 1. w. dat. (a.) local: 
 before, in the presence of, in sight 
 of, in hearing of. — (6.) causal: on 
 account of, by reason of, for the 
 sake of, from, for, through, because 
 of. — (c.) temporal: before. Cri. 
 1031 ; El. 637.— (d.) for, instead of, 
 Cri. 1292; Gu. 373: by, Jul. 540.— 
 2. w. ace. {a.) local and temporal: 
 before, for. — (6.) for, instead of. 
 Seef. 21, 22.— II. adv. before, afore- 
 time, formerly, once. 
 
 fore-beacen, st ■«. prodigy, wonder. 
 
 fore-genga, w. m. 1. ancestor. — 2. 
 forerunner. 
 
 fore-genga, w. f. female servant. 
 Jud. 127. [others. 
 
 fore-gl@aw, adj. prudent, wise above 
 
 fore-msere, adj. illustrious, very cel- 
 ebrated, renowned above others. 
 
 fore-meahtig, -mihtig, adj. very po- 
 tent, exceedingly powerful, most 
 mighty. 
 
 fore-scyttels, st. m. bolt or bar, 
 crossbeam. 
 
 fore-snotor, adj. beyond others wise, 
 very wise, sagacious. 
 
 fore-spreca, w. m. advocate. (Ger. 
 fiirsprecher.) 
 
 fore-tacen, st. n. foretoken, prodigy. 
 
 fore-pane, -pone, st. m. forethought, 
 consideration, deliberation. 
 
 fore-pancol, -poncol, adj. provident, 
 prudent, considerate. 
 
 fore-weall, st. m. f orewall, rampart. 
 
 fore-weard, adj. 1. forward, in- 
 clined to the front. — 2. denoting 
 the first part or the beginning of 
 anything, fore, early, new, former. 
 fore-weard gear, new year. 
 
 for-gefenes, st.f. forgiveness, [efit. 
 
 for-gifnes, st.f. present, largess, ben- 
 
 for-heard, adj. very hard. 
 
 for-hogednes, st. f. contempt. 
 
 forht, adj. 1. timid, frightened, fear- 
 ful, cowardly. — 2. frightful, ter- 
 rible, dreadful. 
 
forhtian — fracod 
 
 75 
 
 forhtian, ir. r. 1. intrans. to be timid, 
 be afraid, fear. — 2. trans, to fear, 
 stand in fear of. (Ger. fiirchten. ) 
 on-forhtian, to be timid, be 
 afraid, fear. Dent. 31, 6. 
 forht-lic. adj. 1. fearful, cowardly. 
 2. frightful, terrible. [fully, 
 
 forht-lice, adv. tremblingly, fear- 
 forht-mod, adj. of a fearful mind, 
 timid. [loss. 
 
 for-lor, st. m. perdition, destruction, 
 forma, w. adj. the first. 
 for-manig, adj. very many. 
 for-nean, adv. very nearly, almost, 
 
 about. 
 forod, part. & adj. broken, without 
 
 strength, worn out, useless. 
 fbr-rynel, St. m. forerunner, pre- 
 cursor, 
 for-sceap, st. «. evil deed, crime. 
 forst, st. m. frost, cold. (Ger. frost.) 
 for-strang, adj. very strong. 
 for-swid, adj. the same as above. 
 for-swide, adv. very strongly, very 
 
 .... indeed. 
 ford, adv. forth, 1. local: (a.) hither, 
 near, in the presence of. — (6.) for- 
 ward, further thence. — (c.) to de- 
 note motion toward. — (<?.) to de- 
 note the going beyond a limit, or su- 
 periority. — (e. ) forth, away, hence. 
 2. temporal: (a.) forth, from now 
 on. — (6. ) from now on as formerly, 
 yet further. — (p.) uninterruptedly, 
 continually. — (d.) to denote the 
 immediate necessary consequence 
 or result. Ea. 21. 2-t. — 4. very. 
 Ps. 68. 5. (Ger. fort.) 
 ford-bsero, st. f. creation. 
 ford-gang, st. m. going forth, pro- 
 gress. 
 ford-gesceaft, st. f. 1. creature, cre- 
 ated being or thing, world. — 2. 
 fate, destiny, — especially the fu- 
 ture condition or state of the soul, 
 ford-gesyne, adj. visible, conspie- 
 
 ford-geom. adj. desirous of going 
 
 away, or of proceeding, 
 ford-here, st, m. front line of an 
 
 army, van. 
 fordian, ic. v. 
 
 ge-fordian, to promote, com- 
 plete, fulfill. 
 ford-maere, adj. very glorious, ex- 
 ceedingly bright. 
 ford-ryne, st. »*. running forward, 
 
 course. 
 ford-sid, st. »». 1. going away, de- 
 parture. — 2. death. 
 ford-snotter, adj. very wise. 
 ford-spell, st. n. saying, declaration, 
 
 word. 
 fordum. See furdum. 
 ford-weg, st. m. onward way, jour- 
 ney, departure, death. 
 ford-weard, adj. 1. inclined forward, 
 forward, situated in front. — 2. 
 tending toward. — 3. everlasting, 
 unceasing, continual. 
 ford-weard, st. m. pilot in the front 
 
 part of the ship. 
 for-wel, adv. very. 
 for-weard, adj. forward, in front. 
 for-weard, <K?r. further, continually. 
 for-wyrd, st. f. destruction, ruin, 
 
 loss, perdition, death. 
 for-wyTht, st. n. sin. 
 fostur, st. ». nourishment, pasture. 
 fostur-lean, st. n. reward or pay for 
 
 fostering, 
 fot, st. m. dat. fet, fote; — nom. 
 ace. pi. fet, fotas, — foot. (Ger. 
 /«*r.) 
 fot-gemearc, st. n. measurement by 
 
 feet, number of feet. 
 fdt-last, st. m. footprint. 
 fot-msel, st. a. foot-measure, foot; — 
 fotmsel landes, a foot's length, 
 space of a foot. 
 fox, st. m. fox. (Ger. fuelis.) 
 fracod, -ed, st. n. baseness, insult, 
 
 contumely, disgrace. 
 fracedu, st. f. the same as above. 
 
76 
 
 fracod — fremde 
 
 fracod, fracod, adj. vile, base, de- 
 testable, objectionable, useless, 
 unworthy, impious. 
 
 fracode, fracude, adv. disgracefully, 
 shamefully. 
 
 fracod-lic, adj. base, shameful. 
 
 fracod-lice, adv. basely, shamefully. 
 
 fracud. See fracod. 
 
 fras-, frascne. See frea-, frecne. 
 
 fraegu, question? An. 255. 
 
 fraem-sum. See fremsum. 
 
 fraet, adj. perverse, proud, obstinate. 
 
 fraetig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 fraetuwe, freetwe, st. f. pi. orna- 
 ment,anything costly; — originally, 
 carved object. 
 
 fraetwan, w. v. (to fret), to orna- 
 ment, adorn, 
 ge-fraetwan, the same as above. 
 
 fraetwian, w. v. the same as above. 
 ge-frsetwian, same as above. 
 
 fragan, st. abl. v. TV. (Ger. fragen f) 
 ge-fragan, to ask, find out, by 
 hearsay, learn. 
 
 fram, from, I. prep. 1. w. dat. from, 
 (a.) local: (1.) from, away from 
 something. (2.)from, hither, from 
 something. (3.) from, at a dis- 
 tance from. — (6.) causal: (l.)from 
 w. passive verbs. (2.) w. verbs of 
 speaking, saying, &c, of, about, 
 concerning. — (c. ) temporal : from, 
 sinee: frequently found after the 
 dative. — 2. w. instr. away from. — 
 II. adv. away, thence, forth, out. 
 (0. H. Ger. fram.) 
 
 fram, adj. strong, stout, excellent, 
 splendid. 
 
 framde, adj. foreign, strange. 
 
 franca, w. m. fance, dart, javelin. 
 
 frasian, freasian, w, v. to question, 
 tempt, try. (Goth, fraisam.) 
 
 fratu. See fraetuwe. 
 
 free, adj. bold, rash, daring, greedy. 
 (Ger. frech.) 
 
 freca, w. m. wolf; hence, warrior, 
 hero. 
 
 frecen, st. n. danger, dangerous sit- 
 uation. 
 
 frecen-lic, adj. dangerous, perilous. 
 
 frecne, frascne, adj. dangerous, bold, 
 daring, terrible, horrible, savage, 
 hard, -provoking. 
 
 frecne, frsscne, adv. boldly, auda- 
 ciously, fiercely, harshly, danger- 
 ously, savagely. 
 
 frecnen-spraec, st. f. provoking, bit- 
 ter, hostile speech. 
 
 frecnes (= frecenues), st.f. danger, 
 peril; deed boldly or rashly done? 
 Gu. 81. 
 
 freeman, w. o. 
 
 ge-frecnian, to make cruel or 
 proud, corrupt. 
 
 frefran, w. v. to comfort, console, 
 make glad. 
 
 a-frefran, same as the above; 
 
 frefrend, part. & subs, comforted; — 
 consoler. 
 
 frefrian, w. v. to comfort, console. 
 
 fremde, fremede, fremde, adj. 1. 
 foreign, strange, belonging to 
 another country, distant. — 2. re. 
 dat. strange, estranged, hostile, 
 remote. — 3. re. gen. without, de- 
 void of. (Ger. fremd. ) [gain. 
 
 freme, w.f. advantage,good, benefit, 
 
 freme, adj. good, excellent, splendid. 
 
 fremed, st.f. glory,renown, honor, vir- 
 tue,uprightness? B. 1701. (Grein.) 
 
 fremed, performs, practises ; 3d sg. 
 pres. of fremman. B. 1701, (B.-T.) 
 
 fremman, to. v. to press forward, 
 further, help on, support. — 2. to 
 frame, make, do, perform, accom- 
 plish, perpetrate, effect, commit. 
 
 ge-fremman, 1. to bring for- 
 ward, further. B. 1718.— 2. to do, 
 make, render, effect, accomplish. 
 
 fremme, w. f. brave deed ? Seef . 75. 
 
 frem-sum, fraem-, adj. benevolent, 
 benignant, kind, gracious, [ness. 
 
 fremsum-nes, st. f. benignity, kind- 
 
 fremde. See fremde. 
 
fremu — freodian 
 
 77 
 
 fremu, st. f. advantage, gain, fruit, 
 benefit, safety. 
 
 fretan, st. abl. v. III. 1. to fret, eat, 
 consume, devour. — 2. to break. 
 Exod. 147. (Gei'. fressen.) 
 
 frettau, w. v. to eat up, devastate, 
 consume. Ps. 79, 13 ; 82, 10. 
 
 fredo. See frido. 
 
 frga, adj. joyful. (Ger. frolt.) 
 
 frea, w. m. 1. master, ruler, lord, — 
 especially God, Christ. — 2. hus- 
 band. (Goth, frauja.) 
 
 frea, /. mistress. See agendfrga. 
 
 frea-, frae-beorht, adj. very cele- 
 brated, illustrious. [band. 
 
 frea-, freah-drihten, .si. m. lord, hus- 
 
 frga-glgaw, adj. very wise, prudent, 
 skillful. 
 
 frga-ma^re, adj. very celebrated, re- 
 nowned. 
 
 freasian. See frasian. 
 
 frga-wine, st. m. lord and friend, 
 dear lord, friendly ruler. 
 
 frea-wrasen, st. f. encircling orna- 
 ment like a diadem. 
 
 frgo, adj. free, freeborn, one's own 
 master, well-born, noble, excellent, 
 illustrious. (Ger. frei. ) 
 
 freo = frga, master, lord. 
 
 frgo, st. f. mistress, lady. 
 
 frgo, st. m. free man, man. 
 
 frgo-bearn, st n. freeborn chief, 
 noble child. 
 
 frgo-brodor, st. m. an own brother. 
 
 frgo-burg, st. f. city of a freeman, 
 noble city. 
 
 frgod, st. f. love, friendship, peace, 
 favor, gratitude. 
 
 frgo-d6m (frio-), st. m. freedom. 
 
 frgo-dryhten, st. m. freeborn or noble 
 lord, ruler. 
 
 frgogan, freon, w. v. to love, think 
 of lovingly. (Ger. freien, to woo. ) 
 
 frgogan, frSon, w. v. to free, liberate. 
 (Ger. befreien.) 
 be-freogan, to free, liberate, 
 ge-freogan, to free, liberate. 
 
 freo-lio, adj. free, freeborn, glorious, 
 stately, illustrious, comely, lovely. 
 
 freo-lice, adv. freely, unhesitatingly, 
 becomingly, nobly, liberally. 
 
 freom, adj. strong, firm, prompt, 
 ready, powerful. 
 
 freo-meeg, st. m. cousin-german, 
 kinsman. 
 
 freo-man, st. m. freeman, freeborn 
 man. 
 
 freon. See frgogan. 
 
 freo-nama, w. m. surname. 
 
 freond, part. & subs. nom. ace. pi. 
 frynd, freoiidas, — friend. (Ger. 
 freund.) 
 
 frgond-lar, st. f. friendly advice, 
 counsel. 
 
 fr€ond-ladu, st. f. friendly invita- 
 tion, challenge. 
 
 frgond-lgas, adj. friendless. 
 
 frgond-llce, adv. in a friendly man- 
 ner, kindly. 
 
 freond-lufu, st. f. friendship, love. 
 
 freond-mynd, st. f. friendly; loving 
 thoughts. 
 
 freond-rseden, st. f. friendship, con- 
 jugal love. 
 
 freond-scipe, st. m. friendship, in- 
 timacy; — used often of the rela- 
 tionship of husband and wife. 
 
 freond-sped, st. f. good fortune in 
 respect to friends, abundance of 
 friends. 
 
 freorig, adj. 1. cold, shivering, freez- 
 ing. — 2. stiff with fright, fear, or 
 sorrow, sad, mournful. 
 
 frgorig-ferd, adj. of a sad mind, 
 mournful. 
 
 frgorig-m6d, adj. the same as above. 
 
 frgos ? Dan. 66. 
 
 frgosan, st. abl. v. VI. to freeze. 
 (Ger. frieren.) 
 
 freoda, w. m. protector, refuge. 
 
 freodian, w. v. to have a care for, 
 support, cherish, favor, protect; 
 observe. 
 
78 
 
 freodo — frio 
 
 ge-freodian, 1. w. dat. or ace. to 
 wateh, guard, protect. — 2. to quiet, 
 pacify? Gu. 123.— 3. to strength- 
 en? Gu. 382. 
 
 freodo, friodo, -du, st. f. peace, 
 safety, protection, asylum, secu- 
 rity; grace, blessing, liberty, par- 
 don. (Ger. friede. ) 
 
 freodo-beaceu, st. n. peace-token, 
 sign of peace. 
 
 freodo-burg, st. f. castle or city af- 
 fording protection. 
 
 freodo-le"as, adj. peaeeless, pitiless. 
 
 freodo-scealc, st. m. minister of 
 peace, angel. 
 
 freodo-spgd, st. f. abundance of 
 peace, peaceful protection. 
 
 freodb-b§aw, st. m. pacific manner, 
 Habit of peace. 
 
 freodo-wser, st. f. covenant or 
 agreement of peace. 
 
 freodo-wang, si. m. field of peace, 
 field of protection. 
 
 freodo-waru, st.f. protection, safety. 
 
 freodu. See freodo. 
 
 freodu-webbe, w. J. peaee-weaver, 
 bond of peace, queen. 
 
 freodu-wSard, st. m. peace-guardian. 
 
 fr§o-wine, st. m. noble friend, friend- 
 ly lord, ruler. 
 
 fri (frig), adj. free, freeborn, noble. 
 
 fricca, w. m. herald. 
 
 fricgan, -ean, st. abl. v. III. 1. to ask, 
 inquire into, investigate. — 2. to 
 learn, find out by inquiry. — 3. to 
 ask, beg, demand. 
 
 ge-fricgan, to learn, learn by 
 inquiry, hear of. [for. 
 
 friclan, in. v. to seek, desire, strive 
 
 fridan, st. abl. v. V. to guard, (ms. 
 fudon.) 
 
 frid-hengest, st. m. stately horse. 
 
 frige, st. m. pi. freeborn men, free- 
 men, nobles. 
 
 frignan, st. abl. v. I. to ask, inquire. 
 (Ger. fragen.) 
 
 ge-frignan, part, gefraegen, ge- 
 fraegn, 1. to ask, inquire. — 2. to 
 find out by inquiry, learn by nar- 
 ration. 
 
 frigu, st.f. love. 
 
 frimdig. See frymdig. 
 
 frinan, st. abl. v. I. to ask, inquire. 
 ge-frinan, to learn by hearsay, 
 hear of. 
 
 fringan, st. abl. v. I. same as above, 
 ge-fringan, the same as above. 
 
 frise, fryse, adj. crisp, curly. 
 
 frid, fryd, st. to. n. peace, protection, 
 safety. (Ger. friede.) 
 
 frid, adj. stately, beautiful. 
 
 frid-oandel, st. f. candle of peaee. 
 
 frid-candel, st.f. beautiful light, sun. 
 
 fride-16as, adj. peaeeless. 
 
 fride-maeg = s6o frlde maeg. Ea. 
 10, 9. 
 
 frid-gedal, st. n. separation from 
 peaee, destruction, death. 
 
 frid-geard, st. to. seat of peace, 
 asylum. 
 
 fridian, w. v. to protect, defend. 
 ge-fridiau, the same as above. 
 
 frido, fridu, frydo, fredo, st. f. 
 peace. 
 
 frido-sib, st. f. peace -giving kin, 
 peace-bringer, queen. 
 
 frido-sped, st. f. good fortune of 
 
 frido-tacen, st. n. peace-token, sign 
 
 of peace. 
 frido-w»r, st. f. peace-covenant, 
 
 agreement. 
 frido-webba, w. m. peace-weaver, 
 
 angel. 
 frid-st61, st. m. peace-stool, asylum, 
 
 refuge. 
 frid-st6w, st.f. peace-place, asylum, 
 
 refuge, 
 fridu. See frido. 
 frio, frio, friodu. See freo, frSo, 
 
 freodu. 
 
frea— fui 
 
 79 
 
 fr6d, adj. 1. intelligent, experienced, 
 wise, prudent, skillful. — 2. having 
 experience; hence, aged, old, an- 
 cient. (Goth, frops.) 
 
 frodian, w. v. to be wise, to have 
 understanding, insight. 
 
 frSfor, -er, -ur, st.f. solace, consola- 
 tion, compensation, help. 
 
 from, I. prep. w. dat. 1. local: (a.) 
 from, away from something. (6.) 
 hither, from something. — 2. tem- 
 poral: from — on,since. — 3. causal: 
 (a.) w. the passive form. (2>.) w. 
 verbs of saying and hearing — of, 
 about, concerning. — II. adv. 1. 
 away, thence. — 2. forth, out. 
 
 from = fram, adj. pressing forward, 
 striving forward, firm, bold, brave, 
 skillful ; excellent, splendid, abun- 
 dant, rich. (Ger. fromm.) 
 
 from-cyme, st. m. progeny, offspring. 
 
 from-cynn, st. n. 1. progeny, poster- 
 ity, offspring. — 2. the race from 
 which one springs, ancestors, or- 
 igin, parentage. 
 
 from-lad, st. f. going away, depar- 
 ture, death? flight? 
 
 from-lice, adv. boldly, courageously, 
 stoutly, readily, quickly. 
 
 from-sid, st. m. going away, de- 
 parture. 
 
 from-weard, adj. about to go away, 
 destined to die, striving forward. 
 
 frum, adj. skillful, brave, bold, rapid, 
 quick. 
 
 fruma, w. m. 1. beginning, origin, 
 commencement. — 2. originator, in- 
 ventor, author. — 3. the prince 
 standing first or at the head,prince 
 first in rank, king, chief, ruler. — 
 4. the first. Gen. 1277. (Goth. 
 frums, from fruma, first; Lat. 
 primus.) 
 
 frum-bearn, st. n. firstborn. 
 
 frum-cn§ow, st. n. primitive race 
 or kind, first generation. 
 
 frum-oyn.st. ». 1. ancestry, offspring, 
 descent, origin. — 2. race, tribe, 
 family. 
 
 frum-gar, st. m. duke, prince, pa- 
 triarch, chieftain, nobleman. 
 
 frum-gara, w. m. the same as above. 
 
 frum-gesceap, st. n. creation of the 
 world, beginning. 
 
 frum-hraegl, st. n. first dress, gar- 
 ment. 
 
 fruni-rceden, st. f. previous arrange- 
 ment, former agreement, prede- 
 termination. 
 
 frum-sceaft, st.f. 1. first creation, 
 in contrast to edsceaft, after the 
 destruction of the world by fire, 
 beginning. — 2. creature. — 3. orig- 
 inal state or condition, predeter- 
 mination, origin, beginning, past? 
 B. 91. 
 
 frum-scyld, st.f. original sin, chief 
 sin. 
 
 frum-slcep, st. f. first sleep. 
 
 frum-spraBC, st. f. former speech, 
 promise. 
 
 frum-stadol, st. m. original seat, 
 first dwelling-place. 
 
 frum-stol, st. m. earlier seat, prin- 
 cipal seat, place of honor, first 
 seat. 
 
 frumd, st m. f. beginning. 
 
 frum-wasstm, st. f. first fruits. 
 
 frum-weorc, st. n. work done in the 
 beginning, creation. 
 
 frymdig, frimdig, adj. seeking after, 
 demanding, asking for, desirous, 
 suppliant. 
 
 frymd, st. m. f. origin, beginning, 
 first fruits. 
 
 fryse. See frise. 
 
 fryd, frydo. See frid, frido. 
 
 fugol, st. m. fowl, bird. (Ger. vogel.) 
 
 fugol-bana, w. m. bird-killer, fowler. 
 
 fugol-timber, st. n. young bird, 
 young. 
 
 ful, st. n. cup, beaker; any recep- 
 tacle of fluids, cloud, sea. 
 
80 
 
 fill — fynd 
 
 fill, fall, adj. full, filled, stuffed, com- 
 plete, perfect, entire. (Ger. voll.) 
 
 fill, adv. fully, entirely, very, full. 
 
 ful, adj. foul, dirty, unclean, bad, 
 vile, corrupt, putrid. (Ger. faul.) 
 
 fill, st. n. foulness, impurity, crime. 
 
 full. See ful. 
 
 ful-lsest, -lest, st. m. help, support. 
 
 fullian, w. v. to fill, fulfill, perfect. 
 ge-fullian, the same as above. 
 uu-gefullian, ungefullod, part. 
 unfulfilled. 
 
 fulluht, fullwiht, fullwon. See ful- 
 wiht, fulwon. 
 
 ful-nes, st. f. foulness, uncleanness, 
 impurity. 
 
 fultum, st. to. help, support, protec- 
 tion. 
 
 fultuman, -ian, w. v. to help, aid, 
 support, stand by, assist. 
 
 ge-fultuman, w. v. 1. to help, 
 aid, assist. — 2. to be propitious, 
 make allowance for, overlook. 
 
 fulwian, w. v. to baptize. 
 
 ge-fulwian, the same as above. 
 
 fulwiht, fulluht, st.f. n. (m.f) bap- 
 tism. 
 
 fulwiht-tld, st /. time for baptism 
 (6th Jan.). 
 
 fulwiht-b§aw, st m. rite of baptism. 
 
 fulwon, st /. baptism. 
 
 funde. See findan. 
 
 fundian, to. v. to strive, have in 
 view, wish, intend, tend to, hasten. 
 (O. H. Ger. funcljan.) 
 
 furdor. See furdur. 
 
 furdum, furdon, fordum, adv. 1. at 
 first, first, just, exactly, even, per- 
 haps. — 2. also, indeed, too, surely, 
 at least. — 3. further, before, pre- 
 viously. 
 
 furdur, furdor, adv. local and tem- 
 poral : further, forward, more dis- 
 tant, more, past, later. (Ger. 
 furder. ) 
 
 furum, Efi. 59, 15, perhaps fultum. 
 
 fus, adj. striving forward, inclined 
 
 to, favorable, ready, prompt, quick, 
 desirous, prepared for death.ready 
 to die; — w. gen. longing for, ex- 
 pecting. B. 1916. 
 
 fus, st n. hastening, pressing for- 
 ward? B. 1916. 
 
 fus-leod, si. n. song of the dying, 
 death-song, dirge. 
 
 fus-lic, adj. prepared, ready, ready 
 for the journey. 
 
 fyf, num. five. 
 
 fyhte-horn, st m. fighting-horn, horn. 
 
 fyl, fyll, st m. fall, decay, defeat, 
 ruin, destruction, slaughter, death. 
 
 fyloe, st. n. tribe, race, province. 
 (Icel. fyllci.) 
 
 fylgean, fylgian, fyligan, w. v. to 
 
 follow after, persecute, set upon, 
 
 add to. (Ger. foJgen. ) 
 
 set-fyligan, to adhere, cling to. 
 
 ge-fylgan, to follow, persist in. 
 
 fyllan, w. v. to fell.cut down,make to 
 fall, throw away, give up, destroy, 
 a-fyllan, to throw down, demol- 
 ish, destroy. 
 
 be-fyllan, 1. to fell, cast down, 
 strike down, kill. — 2. befylled, 
 bereaved. 
 
 ge-fyllan, 1. to fell, slay in bat- 
 tle. — 2. gefylled, bereaved. 
 t6-fyllan, to divide, tear asunder. 
 
 fyllan, w. v. to fill, replenish, finish, 
 complete, fulfill. 
 S-fyllan, the same as above. 
 ge-fyllan, the same as above. 
 
 fyllad, st m. filling, filling up. 
 
 fyllo, st. f. 1. fullness, abundance, 
 supply. — 2. especially an abun- 
 dance of food; rich, abundant 
 meat. (Ger. fiille.) 
 
 fylnes. See ffilnes. 
 
 fylst, st /. help, aid. 
 
 fylstan, w. v. to aid, assist, help, 
 ge-fylstan, the same as above. 
 
 fyl-wgrig, adj. weary enough to fall, 
 faint to death, dying. 
 
 fynd. See feond. 
 
fyr — fyrngeweorc 
 
 81 
 
 fyr, fyrr, adv. for, afar off, far away, 
 
 farther, more distant. 
 fyr, fir, st. n. fire. (Ger.feuer.) 
 fyras. See firas. 
 fyr-baed, st. n. fire-bath, hell-fire. 
 fyr-bend, st. m. band forged in the 
 
 fire, 
 f/r-clam, -clom, st. m. fetter forged 
 
 in the fire. 
 fyrd, st. f. 1. journey, trip, under- 
 taking, expedition, warlike expe- 
 dition. — 2. army. — 3. camp. (Ger. 
 faltrt.) 
 fyrd-gestealla, w. m. comrade in a 
 warlike expedition; companion in 
 battle. 
 fyrd-getrum, st. n. battle-array, com- 
 pany, martial band or host. 
 fyrd-geatwe, st. f. pi. war-equip- 
 ments, arms. 
 fyrd-hom, st. m. war-dress, coat-of- 
 
 mail. 
 fyrd-hraegl, st. n. same as above. 
 fyrd-hwaet, adj. sharp, bold in war, 
 
 brave in war, warlike. 
 fyrd-leod, st. n. war-song. 
 fyr-draca, w. m. fire-dragon, fire- 
 spitting dragon. 
 fyrd-rino, st. m. warrior, 
 fyrd-sceorp, st. n. warlike adorn- 
 ment, war-vest. 
 fyrd-searu, st. n. equipment for an 
 
 expedition, war-equipment. 
 fyrd-wic, st. a. camp, 
 fyrd-wisa, w. m. leader of a warlike 
 
 expedition, leader. 
 fyrd-wyrde, adj. ' renowned in war- 
 like expeditions, famous. 
 fyren. See firen. 
 fyren, adj. fiery, burning, flaming. 
 fyr-gebraec, st. n. noise or crash of 
 
 fire, 
 fyrgen. See firgen. 
 fyr-gnSst, st. m. spark of fire. 
 fyr-hSt, adj. hot as fire, burning. 
 fyr-heard, adj. hardened by fire. 
 fyrht, adj. timid. 
 
 fyrhtan, w. v. to frighten. (Ger. 
 fiirchten.) 
 
 a-fyrhtan, to frighten, affect 
 with fear, terrify. 
 
 fyrhto, -u, st. f. fright, fear, dread, 
 terror. 
 
 fyrhd = ferhd,st m. ■«. 1. souljmind, 
 spirit. — 2. life. 
 
 fyrhd-gleaw, adj. wise in mind, 
 prudent. 
 
 fyrhd-looa, w. m. soul or mind in- 
 closure, breast. 
 
 fyrhd-lufe, w. m. soul-love ; intense, 
 heartfelt love. 
 
 fyrhd-sefa, w. m. spirit of life, mind. 
 
 fyrhd-werig, adj. sad at heart, sor- 
 rowful. 
 
 fyr-lgoht, st. n. firelight. 
 
 fyr-lgoma, w. m. splendor or bril- 
 liancy of fire. 
 
 fyr-loca, w. m. fiery inclosure. 
 
 ffr-m&l, st. n. fire-marks, mark 
 burnt in with fire. 
 
 fyrmest, adv. 1. foremost, first.— 
 
 2. first of all, in the first place.— 
 
 3. most, especially; best. 
 
 fyrn, adj. old, ancient. (Ger. firm. ) 
 
 fyrn, adv. formerly, long ago, of old, 
 once. 
 
 fyrn-dagas, st. m. pi. former days, 
 olden time, yore, days of yore; — 
 fr6d fyrndagum, old, aged. 
 
 fyrn-geflit, at, n. old quarrel or strife. 
 
 fyrn-geflita, w. m. ancient enemy. 
 
 fym-gemynd, st. n. recollection ,of 
 former deeds, history. 
 
 fyrn-gesceap, st. n. what was for- 
 merly created,fixed,or determined ; 
 ancient decree. 
 
 fyrn-gesetu, st. n. pi. former dwell- 
 ing-place. 
 
 fyrn-gestre'on, st. n. treasure handed 
 down from the olden time. 
 
 fyrn-geweorc, st. n. ancient work, 
 work done in old times (statue, 
 world, sun, treasure). 
 
82 
 
 fyrngewinn — gselan 
 
 fym-gewinn, st. n. battle in the 
 days of yore. 
 
 fyrn-gewrit, st. n. old or former 
 writings, ancient scripture. 
 
 fyrn-gewyrht, st. n. what was for- 
 merly wrought or decreed. 
 
 fyrn-g|ar, st. n. pi. years gone by. 
 
 fyrn-gid, st. /». ancient prophecy. 
 
 fyrn-man, st. m. man of ancient 
 times. 
 
 fyrnian. See firenian. 
 
 fyrn-sa3gen, st. f. old saying, ancient 
 tradition. 
 
 fyrn-sceada, w. m. old fliend, devil. 
 
 fyrn-str§amas, st. m.pl. old streams, 
 ocean. 
 
 fyrn-syn, st. f. old sin. 
 
 fyrn-weorc, st. n. work of old, crea- 
 tion, creature. 
 
 fyrn,-wita, -weota, w. m. old coun- 
 selor, or wise man, prophet; one 
 who lived formerly, or one who 
 has had long experience. 
 
 fyrn-wited, adj. rendered wise by 
 long experience? Gen. 1154. 
 
 fyrr. See fyr. 
 
 fyrran, 10. v. 
 
 S-fyrran, to remove, withdraw, 
 turn off or away. 
 
 fyrs, st. m. furze, furze-bush, bram- 
 ble, blackberry. 
 
 fyrst, fierst, st. m. portion of time, 
 definite space of time, time. 
 
 fyrst-gemearc, st. n. definite, fixed 
 time; appointed time. 
 
 fyrst, adj. first. (Ger. furst.) 
 
 fyrst-meare, st. f. definite, fixed 
 time; appointed time; interval. 
 
 fyr-sweart, adj. fire-swart, black- 
 ened by thick smoke. 
 
 fyrdran, w. v. to further, advance, 
 promote. 
 
 ge-fyrdran, to bring forward, 
 further. 
 
 fyr-wit, -wet, -wyt (fir), st. n. curi- 
 osity, prying spirit. (O. H. Ger. 
 firiwizsi.) 
 
 fyrwit-georn, adj. curious, inquis- 
 itive. 
 
 fyr-wylm, st. m. wave of fire, flame- 
 wave. 
 
 fysan, w. v. 1. to hasten. — 2. to make 
 or get one's self ready, prepared, 
 make haste. — 3. to stimulate, in- 
 cite, urge on, drive away. 
 
 S-fysan, 1. to hasten. — 2. to 
 make ready, prepare, urge on, ac- 
 celerate, hasten away. 
 
 ge-fysan, to urge on, accelerate, 
 hasten away,make ready, prepare, 
 provide with ; — w. gen. to be ready 
 for, determined. 
 
 fyst, st. f. fist. (Ger. faust.) 
 
 fyorh. See feorh. 
 
 G 
 
 gSd, geed, st. n. want, need; desire. 
 
 (Goth, gaidw.) 
 gader-tang, adj. hanging together, 
 
 associated with, united. 
 gadorian, gadrian, gasdrian, w. v. 
 
 to gather, collect, unite, store up. 
 
 (Ger. gattern.) 
 ge-gadorian, ge-gsedrian, to 
 
 bring together, collect, unite, join ; 
 
 — w. dat. to associate. 
 
 gadu, st. f. gad, point, sting, goad, 
 sword. (Goth, gazds.) 
 
 gaed, st. n. state or condition of be- 
 ing brought together, society, fel- 
 lowship. 
 
 gsed. See gtd. 
 
 gaedsling, st. m. companion, com- 
 rade, relation. 
 
 gaedrian. See gadrian. 
 
 gaMan, w. v. 1. w. ace. to retard, hold 
 back. — 2. intrant*, to delay, linger. 
 
gcelsa — gang 
 
 83 
 
 a-gc%lan, 1. to hinder, hold back, 
 retard. — 2. to delay, be negligent, 
 neglect. 
 
 gcelsa, w. to. wantonness, extrav- 
 agance, luxury. Igras.) 
 
 gaers, st. n. grass, herb, hay. (Ger. 
 
 gsers-bed, st. n. grass-bed, grave. 
 
 gaers-hoppa, w. m. grasshopper, 
 locust. 
 
 gaerwan. See gerwan. 
 
 gassne, gesne, geasne, adj. unfruit- 
 ful, barren, destitute, empty, poor 
 in, not partaking of, without, life- 
 less. 
 
 gasst, gast, gest, gist, giest, gyst, 
 st.m. 1. guest. — 2. hostile stranger, 
 enemy. (Ger. gast.) 
 
 gaest. See gast. 
 
 gasstan, w. v. to afflict, torment. (Cf . 
 Goth, us-gaisjan.) 
 
 gaest-asrn, st. n. guest-house, inn, 
 guest-chamber. 
 
 gaest-hof, st. n. the same as above. 
 (Ger. gasthof.) 
 
 gaest-mis, st. n. the same as above. 
 
 gaest-lic, adj. hospitable, ready for 
 guests. 
 
 gaest-lic, adj. ghastly, strange, for- 
 eign, hostile, frightful, terrible. 
 
 gaest-lidnes, st /. hospitality. 
 
 gsest-maegen, st. n. company of 
 
 " guests, guests. 
 
 gaast-sele, st. m. guest-hall, hall in 
 which the guests spend their time. 
 
 gsed. See gtn. 
 
 gafol, gaful, st. n. tribute, recom- 
 pense, tax; sacrifice. 
 
 gafal-rasden, st. f. same as above. 
 
 gal, adj. joyful, gay, light, wanton, 
 wicked. (Ger. ge.il.) [folly. 
 
 gSl, st. n. laseiviousness, lust, luxury, 
 galan, st. abl. v. TV. to sing, resound, j 
 sound, cry aloud, cry, call, strike 
 np. Cf. nightingale. 
 a-galan,to sing,resound,ring out, 
 galdor, galg-, galga. See gealdor, 
 gealg, gealga. 
 
 gal-ferhd, ad), wanton, licentious. 
 
 gal-mod, adj. wanton, licentious. 
 
 gal-scipe, st.m. excess, extravagance, 
 wantonness. 
 
 gamban, gomban, st.f., or, accord- 
 ing to Bouterwerk, gombe, «. /. 
 tribute, interest. 
 
 gamelian, gomelian, w. v. to age, 
 grow old. 
 
 garnen, gomen, st. n. game, social 
 pleasure, rejoicing, joyous doings, 
 joke, play, sport, joy, pleasure. 
 
 gamen-wad, st. f. journey in joy- 
 ous society, joyous journey. 
 
 gamen-wudu,s£. m. joy-giving wood, 
 harp. 
 
 gamol, gomel, adj. 1. old, aged, gray. 
 
 2. of things, — old, from old time. 
 
 3. pi. late, belonging to the former 
 time, ancestors. 
 
 gamol-ferhd, adj. aged, 
 gamol-feax, adj. with gray hair, 
 
 gray-haired. 
 gcin, to go, come, walk, 'happen. 
 Cf. gangan. (Ger. -gehen. ) 
 
 a-gan, 1. to pass, come to pass, 
 befall. — 2. to come forth, grow. — 
 3. bearnum agan, to approach 
 with children. 
 
 be-, bi-gltn, to commit, exercise, 
 practice, celebrate, cherish. 
 
 ful-gan, 1. to bring to an end, 
 fulfill, accomplish. — 2. to follow, 
 comply with, carry out. 
 
 ge-gtn, 1. to go. — 2. to come to 
 pass, happen, befall. — 3. to pass, 
 go by. — 4. to attain through going, 
 overcome, conquer, occupy. — 5. to 
 observe exercise, practice. 
 ymb-gan, to go around, 
 gancgan. See gangan. 
 gang, pret. of geongan. 
 gang, gong, st. m. 1. going, gait, 
 way, course. — 2. step, footstep. — 
 
 3. way, extent, course, going, space. 
 
 4. force, assault, attack. — 5. out- 
 pouring, passage. Kr. 23. 
 
84 
 
 gangan — gastcund 
 
 gangan, gongan, st. red. v. 1. to go, 
 come, walk, march. — 2. to happen, 
 turn out, take place. 
 
 tt-gangan, to pass over, pass by, 
 go out, forth, befall, happen. 
 
 set-gangan, to go to, approach. 
 
 be-, bi-gangan, to commit, exer- 
 cise, fulfill, perform, practice, cher- 
 ish, observe, worship. 
 
 for-gaugan, to go before. 
 
 fore-gaugan, to go before. 
 
 ful-gangan, to go through to 
 the end, perfect, finish, suffer, 
 endure. 
 
 ge-gangan, 1. to go, approach. 
 2. to keep, observe. — 3. to occur, 
 happen, befall, fall to one's share. 
 4. to take possession of, obtain, 
 acquire, overcome, become par- 
 taker of, possess. — 5. to effect, at- 
 tain, reach, bring about. 
 
 ofer-gangan, 1. to go or pass 
 over. — 2. to overcome. — 3. to come 
 upon, overtake. 
 
 on-gangan, to come toward, 
 approach. 
 
 to-gangan, 1. to go into. — 2. 
 impers. w. gen. to pass, happen. 
 
 Jmrh-, Jmruh-gangan, to go 
 through, press through, penetrate, 
 perforate. 
 
 wid-gangan, 1. to go against, 
 ("to prosper," Thorpe). — 2. to 
 pass away, vanish, disappear. 
 
 ymbe-gangan, to go around. 
 
 ganian, w. v. to yawn, gape, open. 
 
 (Ger. gdhnen.) [fowl. 
 
 ganot, ganet, st. m. diver, water- 
 
 gSr, st. m. point of an arrow or spear, 
 
 arrow, spear, dart, javelin, missile. 
 
 (Ger. ger.) 
 
 g2r, st. m. biting, cutting cold. Gen. 
 
 316. 
 gar-berend, part. & subs, spear- 
 bearer, warrior. 
 gar-be"am, st. m. spear-shaft, 
 gar-cene, adj. spear-bold. 
 
 getr-cwealm, st. m. death by the 
 
 spear. 
 gSr-faru, st. f. 1. spear-bearing host. 
 
 2. shower of darts, flying missiles. 
 g3r-getrum, st. n. thick mass of 
 
 spears, many spears. 
 gar-gewinn, st. n. battle of spears, 
 
 .battle, 
 gar-heap, st. m. spear-heap, band of 
 
 spearmen, 
 gar-holt, st. n. wood of the spear, 
 
 shaft, spear. 
 gar-mitting, st. f. spear-meeting, 
 
 battle. 
 gar-nld, st. m. spear-battle, fight 
 
 fought with spears. 
 gSr-raes, st. m. spear-rush, battle. 
 gar-secg, -saecg, st. m. sea, ocean. 
 ga\r-torn, st. n. anger shown by 
 
 spears. 
 gSr-bracu, st. /. storm or attack of 
 
 spears, battle. 
 gar-Jjrist, adj. bold with the spear, 
 
 daring. 
 gar-wiga, w. m. one who fights with 
 
 the spear, spearman. 
 gSr-wigend, part. & subs, same as 
 
 above, 
 gar-wudu, st. m. spear-wood, lance, 
 
 dart, spear. 
 gast. See gsest. 
 gtst, gaest, st. m. 1. ghost, breath, 
 
 spirit, soul; spirit as principle 'of 
 
 life, thought, &c. ; souls of the 
 
 dead. — 2. man, human being. — 
 
 3. angel. — 4. Holy Ghost. — 5. 
 devil, demon. — 6. sprite, fairy, elf. 
 (Ger. geist.) 
 
 gast-bana, w. m. soul-murderer, 
 devil. 
 
 gSst-berend, part. & subs, soul- 
 bearer, man. 
 
 gast-cofa, w. m. chamber of the 
 soul, breast. 
 
 gast-cund, adj. coming from the 
 soul, spiritual. 
 
gastcwalu — gecrod 
 
 85 
 
 gast-cwalu, st. f. soul-torment,pains 
 of hell. [God. 
 
 gast-cyning, st. m. king of the soul, 
 
 gast-gedal, st. n. separation of soul 
 and body, death. 
 
 gast-gehygd, st. f. n. thought of the 
 mind, thought. 
 
 gast-gemynd, st. n. same as above. 
 
 gast-genidla, to. m. enemy of souls, 
 devil. 
 
 gast-geryne, st. n. 1. spiritual mys- 
 tery. — 2. thought, consideration, 
 reflection, deliberation. 
 
 gast-gewinn, st. n. torment of the 
 soul, pains of hell. 
 
 gast-halig, adj. holy in spirit, holy. 
 
 gast-leas, adj. soulless, dead. 
 
 gast-lic, adj. ghostly, spiritual. 
 
 gast-lice, adv. spiritually. 
 
 gast-lufe, w. f. love of the soul, spir- 
 itual love. 
 
 gast-sunu, st. m. spiritual sou, Christ. 
 
 gSt, st. m. f. goat, she-goat. (Ger. 
 geisz. ) 
 
 ge, covj. and; ge — ge, both — and, 
 not only — but also. 
 
 ge, pron. nom. pi. ye; gen. Sower; 
 dat. Sow, iow; ace. eowic, Sow. 
 
 ge-aru, ge-arnung. See geearu, 
 geearnung. 
 
 ge-asdele, adj. ancestral, hereditary, 
 natural. 
 
 ge-eehtla, w. m. persecutor? war- 
 rior? B. 369. (Grein.) 
 
 ge-eehtle, w. f. estimation, consid- 
 eration. (B.-T.) [tion. 
 
 ge-ashtung, st. f. counsel, delibera- 
 
 ge-bEeru, st. n.pl. behavior, manner, 
 conduct, doing, demeanor; ad- 
 dress, bearing, manners. 
 
 ge-ban, -bann, st. n. commission, 
 order, command. 
 
 ge-bed, st. n. prayer, petition, sup- 
 plication. (Ger. (jebet.) 
 
 ge-bedda, w. m.f. bedfellow, wife. 
 
 gebed-scipe, st. m. a lying together, 
 bedfellowship, marriage. 
 
 gebed-stow, st. f. place of prayer, 
 oratory. 
 
 ge-beorg, -beorh, st. n. mountain, 
 chain of mountains? Ps. 67, 15. 
 
 ge-beorg, -beorh, st. ». place of 
 refuge, protection, defense, safety. 
 
 ge-beot, st. u. oath, promise, agree- 
 ment. 
 
 ge-bihd, st.f. dwelling-place, village, 
 region (abode, Thorpe). Gu. 846. 
 
 ge-bind, st. n. band, fetter, chain. 
 
 ge-bland, -blond, st. n. blending, 
 mingling, turmoil, commotion, up- 
 roar. 
 
 ge-blSod, part, colored, variegated, 
 appearing colored, beautiful in 
 appearance. 
 
 ge-bod, st. n. command, order. (Ger. 
 gebot.) 
 
 gebod-scipe, st. m. command, order. 
 
 ge-braec, st. n. breaking, noise, 
 crash, sound. 
 
 ge-breo, st. n. the same as above. 
 
 ge-bregd, st. n. vibration, move- 
 ment, agitation, tossing to and fro. 
 
 gebregd-stafas, st. m. pi. arts, arti- 
 fices? Sal. 2. 
 
 gs-br6dor, -brodru, st. m. pi. broth- 
 ers, brethren. (Ger. gebriider.) 
 
 ge-byrd, st. f. 1. birth. — 2. kind, 
 nature, quality. 
 
 ge-byrd, st. n.f. fate, destiny? B. 
 1074. 
 
 ge-byrde, adj. by birth, natural, 
 innate, inborn. 
 
 gebyrd-tid, st. f. birthtime. 
 
 ge-byrdu, st. f. 1. birth. — 2. race, 
 origin.— 3- nature, quality. (Ger. 
 geburt.) 
 
 ge-byre, st. m. (favorable) opportu- 
 nity, occasion. 
 
 ge-byrmed, st. n. leavened bread. 
 
 ge-camp, st. n. soldiery, army; con- 
 test, fight, battle. 
 
 ge-corenes, st. f. election, choice. 
 
 ge-oost, adj. proved, chosen, tried. 
 
 ge-crod, st. n . crowd, throng. 
 
86 
 
 gecwSme — gefrige 
 
 ge-cw§me, adj. agreeable, dear, 
 pleasant, acceptable, obedient. 
 (Ger. bequem.) 
 
 ge-cynd, st f. nature, natural dis- 
 position, kind, spirit, quality, pe- 
 culiarity, condition. — 2. birth, or- 
 igin, generation. Hy. 9, 11, 52. — 
 3. sum-total of beings of one kind, 
 genus. 
 
 ge-oynde, adj. inborn, innate, 
 natural, belonging by birth. 
 
 ge-cynde, -cynd, st. n. 1. nature, 
 spirit, natural disposition, kind, 
 quality, peculiarity, original con- 
 dition. — 2. manner, way. — 3. des- 
 tiny, fate. (Ger. kind.) 
 
 ged, st. n. song, poem. 
 
 ge-dafen, part. & adj. becoming, 
 suitable, fit. 
 
 ge-dafen-llc, adj. same as above. 
 
 ge-dal,st n. 1. separation, parting. 
 2. distribution. Wid. 73. 
 
 ge-d6fe, adj. 1. fit, proper, appro- 
 priate, seemly, agreeable, decent; 
 respectable, mild, gentle, good, 
 kind, friendly. (Goth, gadobs.) 
 
 ge-d§fe, adv. fitly, decently. 
 
 ge-draeg. See gedreag. 
 
 ge-drasfnes, st. f. perturbation, un- 
 rest, disquiet. 
 
 ge-drefednes, st. f. same as above. 
 
 ge-drerne, -dryme, adj. harmonious, 
 joyous, cheerful. 
 
 ge-drep, st. n. stroke, blow. 
 
 ge-dreag, -dreeg, st. n. dragging 
 hither and thither, driving, tumult, 
 noise, disturbance. 
 
 ge-driht. See gedryht. 
 
 ge-drinc, st. n. drinking, carouse. 
 
 ge-dryht, -driht, st. f. crowd, host, 
 multitude. 
 
 ge-dryme. See gedre"me. 
 
 ge-dwass, adj. foolish, silly, stupid. 
 
 ge-dweola, w. m. godlessness, error, 
 heresy. 
 
 ge-dwild, -dwield, -dwyld, st. n. 
 the same as above. 
 
 ge-dwola, w. to. the same as above. 
 
 gedwol-mist, st. m. mist, obscurity 
 of error. 
 
 ge-dyn, st. n. din, noise. 
 
 ge-dyrst, st /. unrest, excitement, 
 anxiety? HS. 108. 
 
 ge-drystig, adj. bold, rash, daring. 
 
 ge-earnung, -arming, st/. merit,des- 
 ert, benefit. 
 
 ge-earu, -aru, adj. unimpeded, quick, 
 ready. 
 
 ge-fasdran, w. m. pi. godfathers. 
 
 ge-fsegra. See gefgge. B. 915. 
 
 ge-fser, st. n. journey, expedition, 
 warlike expedition. 
 
 ge-fora, w. m. traveling companion, 
 companion. 
 
 ge-f§ge, adj. agreeable, pleasant, 
 useful. 
 
 ge-fSra, w. m. companion, associate, 
 comrade. 
 
 ge-f§re, adj. easy of access, access- 
 ible. 
 
 gef6r-scipe, st. m. companionship, 
 company, society. 
 
 gefest. See geaf. 
 
 ge-fSa, w. m. joy. 
 
 ge-feald, st n. fold, region, abode. 
 
 ge-fealic, adj. joyous, refreshing', 
 delightful. 
 
 ge-feoht, -feht, st a. fight, combat, 
 warlike deed. 
 
 gefeoht-daeg, st m. day of battle. 
 
 ge-fic, st n. fraud, deceit. 
 
 ge-fllt, st n. contention, dispute, 
 quarrel, contest, emulation,rivalry . 
 
 ge-flota, w. m. swimming-compan- 
 ion, floater, whale. 
 
 ge-f6g, st n. juncture, joining, joint. 
 
 ge-frasge, -frSge, adj. what is asked 
 after or talked about; hence, well- 
 known, famous, celebrated, noto- 
 rious, renowned. 
 
 ge-frsege, -frgge, st n. information 
 through hearsay: — mine gefraege, 
 as I have learned from others. 
 
 ge-frige, st n. hearsay, inquiry, in- 
 vestigation. 
 
gefyrn — gelagu 
 
 87 
 
 ge-fyrn, adv. onee, formerly, of old, 
 
 in ancient days. 
 gegen. See gegn. 
 ge-genge, adj. becoming, fit. 
 gegn, geagn, gean, gen, prep. 
 
 against, again. 
 gegn-cwide, st. to. reply, answer, 
 
 response, 
 gegninga, geagninga, adv. fully, en- 
 tirely, plainly, evidently, openly, 
 directly, straightway. 
 gegn-paed, st. m. opposite, hostile 
 
 path. 
 gegn-, gean-ryne, st. m. running 
 
 against, meeting, 
 gegn-slege, st. m. return blow, ex- 
 change of blows, battle. 
 gegnum, adv. forward, against, 
 
 thither, toward, away, 
 gegnunga, genunga, adv. 1. openly, 
 plainly, evidently, directly, fully, 
 entirely, surely. — 2. straightway. 
 Gu. 785. 
 ge- grind, st. a. rubbing or grinding, 
 
 crash, war, commotion. 
 ge-hange, -honge, adj. having the 
 
 hang of, disposed, inclined to. 
 ge-hat, st. n. stipulation, agreement, 
 vow, promise. (Ger. geheisz; O. H. 
 Ger. kilieiz.) 
 ge-hende, adj. neighboring, near, 
 
 next. 
 ge-bende, adv. near, at hand. 
 ge-hernes. See gehymes. 
 ge-heald, st. m. keeper, guardian. 
 ge-healt, st. f. n. watch, guard. 
 ge-heaw, st n. hewing, striking to- 
 gether, gnashing. 
 ge-heort, adj. courageous, stout- 
 hearted. 
 ge-higd. See gehygd. 
 ge-hilt, st. n. hilt, handle. 
 ge-hlaeg, st. n. derision, mockery, 
 
 scorn. 
 ge-hlgda, w. m. companion, comrade, 
 inhabitant. 
 
 ge-hlid, -hlicl, st. n. lid, covering, in- 
 closure, gate, portal. 
 
 ge-hlyde, st. n. cry, calling aloud. 
 
 ge-hlyn, st. n. noise, din, disturb- 
 ance. 
 
 ge-hnsest, -hnast, st. u. collision, 
 battle. 
 
 ge-bola, w. m. protector, defender. 
 
 ge-hreow, st. n. lamentation. 
 
 gehdu, geohdu, giohdu, gihdu, 
 geodu, gidu, st. f. care, sorrow, 
 anxiety, sadness. 
 
 ge-hwa, pron. every one, whoever. 
 
 ge-hw*r, adv. 1. everywhere. — 2. 
 whithersoever, in all directions. 
 
 ge-hw£eder, pron. each of two, 
 either, other, both. 
 
 ge-hw£edre, adv. nevertheless, how- 
 ever. 
 
 ge-hwelc. See gehwilc. 
 
 ge-hweorf, adj. tractable, obedient. 
 
 ge-hwider, adv. in every direction, 
 everywhere. 
 
 ge-hwylc, -hwilc, -hwelc, pron. 
 each, every, any, whoever, what- 
 ever. 
 
 ge-hyd = gehygd, st. n. thought, re- 
 flection. Dan. 732. 
 
 ge-hygd, -higd, st. f. n. reflection, 
 consideration, sentiment, thought, 
 endeavor, counsel, consultation. 
 
 ge-hyld, st. n. 1. custody, keeping, 
 protection. — 2. preservation. Az. 
 169. 
 
 ge-hyld, st. n. recess, vault; what 
 is brought into safe keeping. 
 
 ge-hyrnes, -hSrnes, st. f. hearing, 
 report, praise. 
 
 ge-hyrst, st.f. ornament. 
 ge-lac, st. n. 1. play, sport; — ecga 
 gelac, battle. — 2. fortune, destiny? 
 An. 1094. — 3. crowd, multitude. 
 Cri. 896. 
 ge-lad, st. n. way, path, course. 
 ge-lagu,sf./.rc.? sea;— holma gelagu, 
 stormy, tempestuous sea. 
 
88 
 
 gelang — gemynd 
 
 ge-lang, -long, adj. along of, de- 
 pendent, extending, reaching to 
 something or somebody, ready, 
 prepared, at hand; — gelang on, 
 long of, owing to. Bed. 3, 10. 
 
 ge-lad, adj. hostile. 
 
 geldan. See gildan. 
 
 ge-lenge, adj. belonging to, pertain- 
 ing to, given up to, addicted to. 
 
 ge-lSafa, w. m. belief, faith, [true. 
 
 geleaf-ful, adj. believing, faithful, 
 
 geleaf-sum, adj. credible, sure. 
 
 ge-leoren, part, gone hence, dead. . 
 
 ge-lic, adj. 1. like, similar, equal. — 
 2. likely, probable. Met. 19, 12. 
 (Ger. gleich.) 
 
 ge-lic, ft. u. likeness, similarity. . 
 
 ge-lica, w. nu like, equal. 
 
 ge-llce, adv. equally, alike, as, in 
 like manner. 
 
 ge-licnes, st. f. likeness, image, re- 
 semblance. 
 
 ge-limp, st. n. occurrence, event, fa- 
 vorable situation, good fortune. 
 
 ge-list. See gelysted. 
 
 gellan, giellan, gyllan, st. ahl. v. I. 
 to yell, cry out ; sound, ring, war, 
 sing, cry, call. (Ger. gellen.) 
 bi-gellan, to sing, celebrate. 
 
 ge-16me,ar(p.continually, frequently, 
 often, always, repeatedly. 
 
 gelp. See gilp. 
 
 ge-lynd, st. f. fa% grease. 
 
 ge-maec, adj. becoming, fit, suitable, 
 companionable. 
 
 ge-maecca, <w. m. comrade, compan- 
 ion, spouse, husband or wife. 
 
 gemaec-scipe, *f. m. companionship, 
 cohabitation, marriage. 
 
 ge-mEel, adj. tinctured^ colored, 
 dyed. (Cf . Ger. malen ; Goth. 
 maljan.) 
 
 ge-msene, adj. common, in common, 
 general, mutual. (Ger. gemein.) 
 
 gemaen-nes, st. f. communion, fel- 
 lowship. 
 
 geni^n-scipe, st. m. same as above. 
 
 ge-msere, st. n. border, boundary, 
 end, limit. 
 
 ge-magas, st. m.pl. kindred by blood, 
 relations. 
 
 ge-mali, adj. unsuitable, silly, im- 
 pious. 
 
 gSman. See gyman. 
 
 ge-mana, w. m. communion, fellow- 
 ship, commerce, company, society, 
 union, companionship, community. 
 
 ge-mang, -mong, st. it. mixture, 
 crowd, troop, mass, congregation, 
 company. 
 
 ge-m§de, adj. agreeable, pleasant. 
 
 ge-m§de, st. n. consent, agreement, 
 approval, permission. 
 
 gSmen. See gymen. 
 
 ge-met, st. n. 1. measure, bounds, 
 limit. — 2. portion, share. — 3. 
 boundary, limit, end. — 4. regula- 
 tion, rule, law. — 5. capacity, abil- 
 ity, might, strength, power. 
 
 ge-met, adj. measured, fit, becoming, 
 suitable, good, meet. 
 
 ge-mete, adv. aptly, fitly, meetly. 
 
 ge-mSte, adj. meeting, lighting upon 
 (Grein) ; — part. met. (B.-T.) 
 Jul. 334. 
 
 gemet-fsest, adj. moderate, modest. 
 
 ge-meting, st. f. 1. meeting, assem- 
 bly, congregation. — 2. hostile 
 meeting, battle. 
 
 gemet-lice, adv. in a proper manner, 
 meetly. 
 
 ge-mearc, st. n. what is marked off, 
 boundary, limit. 
 
 ge-meotu, st. n. pi. See gemet. 
 
 ge-mot, st. n. 1. moot, coming to- 
 gether, meeting, assembly, society, 
 council. — 2. running together, 
 meeting, conflict. 
 
 gemot-stede, st. m. place of meeting. 
 
 ge-mynd, st. f. n. 1. memory, recol- 
 lection, remembrance. — 2. mind, 
 thought, intention, meaning, con- 
 sideration. (Goth, ga-munds.) 
 
gemynde — gerim 
 
 80 
 
 ge-niynde, adj. mindful, heedful, re- 
 membering. 
 
 ge-myndig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 gen, glen, 1. denoting the contin- 
 uance of an action or a condition; 
 again, yet, still. — 2. further, be- 
 sides, also. — 3. yet (what is near, 
 impending, not done yet, for which 
 there is just time, &c.) — 4. again, 
 moreover, once more, once again. 
 5. hitherto, up to this time, in past 
 time. — 6. w. compar. yet, even. — 
 7. if. negative, not yet, no more, 
 no longer. 
 
 gSn-. See gegn-. 
 
 gena, glena, geno = gen, yet, still. 
 
 ge-Ucegled, part. & adj. nailed. 
 
 ge-namne, jjl. of like name, of the 
 same name (Grein); — ge-numne(?) 
 See ge-niman(B.-T.). Ea. 53, 3. 
 
 ge-nag, adj. stemming, striking, press- 
 ing? Eeim. 57, 58. 
 
 ge-nehe, -nehhe, -nehhige. See 
 geneahhe, -neahhige. 
 
 ge-her, st. n. refuge. 
 
 ge-neahe, st. pi. neighbors? near 
 relations? Leas. 36. 
 
 ge-neahhe, -neahe, -nehhe, -nehe, 
 adv. enough, sufficiently, in the 
 highest degree, very, much, fre- 
 quently, immediately. 
 
 ge-neahhie, -neahhige,nehhige,af7r. 
 the same as above. 
 
 ge-neahsen, adj. neighboring, near. 
 
 ge-neat, st. m. comrade, companion. 
 (Ger. genoss.) 
 
 gen6at-scolu, st.j. crowd, band of 
 comrades. 
 
 geng, geng. See geong, gangan. 
 
 gengan, w. v. to go, run, travel, 
 pass. 
 to-gengan, to separate, depart. 
 
 genge, adj. customary, current, 
 usual, weighty, successful. 
 
 ge-niht, st. f. n. abundance, plenty, 
 fruitfulness, sufficiency, fullness. 
 
 geniht-sum,et(7/. 1. plentiful, copious, 
 abundant, sufficient. — 2. easily 
 satisfied, contented. 
 
 ge-nip, st. n. enveloping darkness, 
 mist, eloud, darkness, obscurity. 
 
 ge-nidla, w. m. enemy, hostility, en- 
 mity, hate. 
 
 gennan, w. e. to gallop, dash for- 
 ward. 
 
 geno. See geHa. 
 
 genog, -non, adv. enough, abun- 
 dantly, sufficiently. (Ger. gemig.) 
 
 geminga. See gegnunga. 
 
 ge-rad, -rsed, adj. advised, informed, 
 experienced, prudent, skillful, - 
 ready, prepared, tasteful, elegant. 
 
 gerad-scipe, st. m. wisdom, pru- 
 dence, reason. 
 
 ge-reedan? Gn. Ex. 178. 
 
 ge-r*de, st. n. trappings for the 
 breast, housings, equipage, har- 
 ness, household furniture (Grein); 
 arrangement, adjustment, media- 
 tion, interposition (Zupitza). 
 
 ge-raef, st. n. what is decided, fixed, 
 (ms. gr^f.) Eeim. 71. 
 
 ge-reeswa, w. m. comrade, leader. 
 
 ger. See gear. 
 
 gere. See geare. [ment. 
 
 ge-rec, st. n. rule, direction, govern- 
 
 gereo-lice, adv. straightway, imme- 
 diately, directly. 
 
 ge-refa, w. m. an officer appointed 
 by the king, officer, prefect. (Cf. 
 sheriff = scir-gerefa. ) 
 
 gerela, gierela, w. m. clothes, gar- 
 ment, covering. 
 
 ge-reii, st. n. ornament. 
 
 ge-rerie. See geryne. 
 
 ge-reord, -reorde, st. n. tongue, 
 speech, language, speaking, voice. 
 
 ge-reord, -reorde, st. n. refreshment, 
 meal, feast, supper, hospitality. 
 
 ge-riht, -ryht, st. n. direction, right 
 path. 
 
 ge-rim, st. n. number, count, reck- 
 oning. 
 
90 
 
 gerisne — gescyldru 
 
 ge-risne, -rysne, st. n. what is ap- 
 propriate, proper, becoming, seem- 
 ing, convenient ; — appropriate, be- 
 coming manner, propriety, conve- 
 nience. 
 
 ger-scipe, st. m. joke, polish, culture, 
 cleverness, dexterity (Leo). Reim. 
 11. 
 
 ge-rum, .si. n. room, space ; — on ge- 
 rum, at large, farther = far and 
 -wide. Ea. 21, 14; — away, apart. 
 El. 320. 
 
 ge-ruma, jc. m. wide, extended space. 
 
 ge-rume, adj. roomy, extended, am- 
 ple, spacious, great, lying open. 
 (Ger. geraum.) 
 
 gerwan, gaerwian, girwan, gierwan, 
 gyrwan, gearwian, w. v. 1. to 
 equip, clothe. — 2. to equip, make 
 ready for battle, prepare before- 
 hand. — 3. to adorn, decorate. — 
 4. to prepare, make ready, put in 
 condition, make, build, erect. 
 
 ge-gerwan, &c, 1. to put on, array, 
 bind about, clothe. — 2. to adorn, 
 ornament. — 3. to equip, provide 
 with, endow. — 4. to make ready, 
 prepare, fit out. 
 on-gyrwan, to unclothe. 
 
 ge-ryde, adj. convenient, opportune, 
 fit, suitable. 
 
 ge-ryht. See geriht. 
 
 ge-ryne, -r§ne, st. n. secret, mystery, 
 wonder. 
 
 ge-rysne. See gerisne. 
 
 ge-saca, w. m. adversary, enemy, op- 
 ponent, foe. 
 
 ge-saVlig, adj. happy, fortunate, fa- 
 vored by fortune, prosperous, rich, 
 powerful. 
 
 gesaelig-lic, adj. the same as above. 
 
 gescfelig-nes, st. f. happiness. 
 
 gesael-lic, adj. favored, fortunate, 
 happy. 
 
 ge-seeld, st. f. good fortune, success, 
 prosperity, good, wealth. 
 
 ge-samning, -somning, si. f. congre- 
 gation, assembly. 
 
 ge-samnung, st. f. same as above. 
 
 ge-scad, -scead, si. n. 1. distinction, 
 discrimination, difference, reason. 
 — 2. distinction, separation. 
 
 gescad-lice (-scead-), w. v. in a rea- 
 sonable manner, rationally. 
 
 gescad-wis (-sceSd-), adj. intelli- 
 gent, wise,diseriminating, prudent. 
 
 gescadwis-nes (-sceSd-), st. f. dis- 
 crimination,intelligence,prudence, 
 discretion. 
 
 ge-scaep-hwil, st. f. fated hour, 
 death-hour. 
 
 ge-scentu, st. f. confusion, disturb- 
 ance? Seel. 49. 
 
 ge-scead. See gescad. 
 
 ge-sceaft, -scaeft, -soeft, st. f. 1. 
 creature, creation, what is created; 
 — in the sg. it is used to denote 
 partly the whole creation, partly 
 the earth or the heavens, and some- 
 times a single creature. — 2. what 
 is sent by God ; lot, fate, destiny. 
 
 ge-sceap, st. n. 1. creature, creation, 
 world. — 2. fate, destiny, what is 
 fixed or appointed by destiny, a 
 gift of destiny, nature, natural 
 disposition, form, shape, manner, 
 appearance. (Ger. geschopf.) 
 
 ge-scildend, -scyldend, pa rt. & subs. 
 protection, protector. 
 
 ge-scip, st. n. fate, destiny, fortune. 
 B. 2570. (Groschopp.) 
 
 ge-solfe, adj. advancing. B. 2571. 
 (Harrison & Sharp.) [dress. 
 
 ge-scirpla, w. m. clothing, apparel, 
 
 ge-scot, st. n. dart, thunderbolt. 
 
 gescot-feoht, st. f. fighting with 
 darts or arrows, battle. [ders. 
 
 ge-sculdre, -souldru, st. n.pl. shoul- 
 
 ge-soy, st. n. covering for the feet, 
 
 ge-scyldend. See gescildend. 
 ge-scyldru, st. n. pi. shoulders. 
 
geseft — get all 
 
 91 
 
 ge-seft, part. & adj. softened, mild, 
 gentle, pleasant. 
 
 ge-segen, st.f. saying, tradition. 
 
 ge-selda, u>. m. companion, comrade. 
 
 ge-seld, st.f. dwelling-place, house, 
 mansion. 
 
 ge-seue. See gesyne. 
 
 ge-set, st. n. seat, dwelling, domicile, 
 house. 
 
 geset-nes, st. f. place, station. 
 
 gesewen-lic, adj. visible. 
 
 geseotu, st. n.pl. See geset 
 
 ge-sib, -syb, adj. belonging to the 
 same race ; kin, related, near, in- 
 timate. 
 
 gesib-lice, adv. peacefully, harmo- 
 niously. 
 
 ge-sihd, -siehd, -syhd, st.f. sight, 
 power of seeing, eyes, face, ap- 
 pearance, aspect, view. 
 
 ge-sine. See gesyne. 
 
 ge-singe. w.f. wife. 
 
 ge-sid, st. »i. companion, comrade, 
 follower, associate. 
 
 gesid-msegen, st. ». crowd or con- 
 course of followers. 
 
 ge-sidd, st. v. companionship, fel- 
 lowship, company. (Ger. gesinde.) 
 
 ge-siehd, -slene. See gesihd, 
 -syne. 
 
 ge-sleht, -sliht, -slyht, st. n. battle, 
 conflict. 
 
 gesne. See gaesne. 
 
 ge-som, adj. concordant, unanimous, 
 united, friendly. 
 
 ge-span, -spon, st. n. joining, plait- 
 ing, fastening together, web, clasp. 
 
 ge-span, -spon, st. n. enticement, se- 
 duction, wile. [clasp. 
 
 ge-spang, -spong, st. ». fastening, 
 
 ge-sprec, st. n. ability to speak, 
 power of speech. 
 
 ge-spreca, w. m. one that speaks 
 with another, counselor. 
 
 ge-spring, st. n. surge, eddy, stream. 
 
 gest. See gaest. 
 
 ge-stseddig, adj. stable, fixed, firm. 
 
 ge-steal, st. n. foundation, ground, 
 space. 
 
 ge-steald, st. n. place, dwelling, 
 abode. 
 
 ge-stealla, w. m. comrade, companion. 
 
 ge-streon, st. n. pi. collected or ac- 
 quired treasures, possessions, jew- 
 els, property, riches, gain, treasure. 
 
 ge-stmi, st. u. war, crash. 
 
 ge-sund, adj. whole, unhurt, safe, 
 well, healthy, happy, prosperous. 
 (Ger. gesund.) 
 
 ge-swses, adj. dear, pleasant. 
 
 ge-sweorc, st. ». darkness, mist, 
 cloud. 
 
 ge-sweoni, -swiru, -swyni, st. n.pl. 
 hills. 
 
 ge-sweoster, pi. sisters. (Ger. ge- 
 schuister.) 
 
 ge-swin. See geswins. 
 
 ge-swiuc, st. n. labor, pains, tribu- 
 lation. 
 
 geswinc-dagas, st. m. pi. days of 
 tribulation. 
 
 ge-siwing, st. «. vibration, fluctua- 
 tion, tossing. 
 
 ge-swius, st. ». modulation of the 
 voice in singing, song, melody. 
 
 ge-swiru. See gesweoru. 
 
 ge-swyru, -syb, -syhd. See ge- 
 sweoru, -sib, -sihd. 
 
 ge-syne, -sgne, -sine, -siene, adj. 
 visible, seen, plain, evident, open, 
 clear. 
 
 ge-synto, st. f. health, unchanged 
 condition, fruit, prosperity, safety. 
 (Ger. gesundheit.) 
 
 get, geta. See git, gita. 
 
 ge-tael, -tel, st. v. 1. tale, number, 
 series, count, reckoning. — 2. race, 
 mass, company, tribe, hundred. 
 
 getael-rim, st. n. the computed num- 
 ber, full number. 
 
 ge-tsese, adj. quiet, still, gentle, 
 peaceful, comfortable, suitable. 
 
 ge-tah, st. ii. teaching, doctrine, dis- 
 cipline! Eeim. 2. 
 
92 
 
 getal — gewealdend 
 
 ge-tal, adj. quick, swift, ready, ex- 
 peditious. 
 
 getan, w. v. (to get, see gitan,) to 
 hurt, injure, destroy, kill. 
 
 a-getau, the same as the above. 
 
 ge-tang, -tong, adj. given up to. 
 
 ge-tang, -tong, st. n. quick move- 
 ment, haste? Reim. 8. 
 
 ge-tawa, st. f. pi. equipment, instru- 
 ments. 
 
 ge-tel. See getael. 
 
 ge-tenge, adj. near, reaching to, at- 
 tached to, lying on or by, pressing 
 on, heavy, oppressive; in short, 
 showing immediate nearness. 
 
 r;e-t§oh, st. n. matter, material (uni- 
 verse). Eeim. 2. 
 
 ge-timbru, st. rt.pl. building, edifice, 
 structure. (Ger. gezimmcr.) [tie. 
 
 ge-toht, st n. warlike expedition,bat- 
 
 ge-tr§owe, adj. true, faithful. 
 
 ge-trum, st. n. band, crowd, host, 
 army. 
 
 ge-trym, st. m. firmament, canopy. 
 
 ge-trywe, adj. true, faithful. 
 
 ge-twinnas, st. in. pi. twins. (Ger. 
 zwillinge.) 
 
 ge-tyne, st. ». entrance, court. 
 
 ge-tynge, adj. speaking fluently, lo- 
 quacious. 
 
 ge-paca, w. m. one that covers or 
 overlays anything, coverer, cov- 
 ering. 
 
 ge-pafa, w. m. favorer, helper, sup- 
 porter, promoter. 
 
 ge-panc, -pone, st. m. n. thought, 
 thinking, intention, mind, opinion. 
 
 ge-pancol, adj. thoughtful, mindful. 
 
 ge-peaht, st. f. n. reflection, consid- 
 eration, counsel, advice. 
 
 ge-peahting, -peahtung, st. f. coun- 
 sel, determination, consent, agree- 
 ment. 
 
 ge-p§awe. See gepywe. 
 
 ge-p§ode, st. pi. nations, peoples. 
 Sat. 19. 
 
 ge-peode, st. n. speech, language. 
 
 ge-ping, st. n. 1. council, assembly. 
 2. agreement, terms, covenant. 
 B. 1085. — 3. fate, providence,issue, 
 destiny. 
 
 ge-pingdu, st. f. worth, honor, dig- 
 nity. 
 
 ge-poht, st. m. thought, mind, man- 
 ner of thinking ; plan, determina- 
 tion. 
 
 ge-praec, -prec, st. n. press, crush, 
 throng, crowd, stir, tumult. 
 
 ge-prang, st. n. throng, tumult. 
 (Ger. gedrdnge.) 
 
 ge-pring, st n. tumult, throng,crush, 
 whirlpool. 
 
 ge-pruen, adj. brought together, 
 pressed, compact. 
 
 ge-pwaere, adj. united, 'willing, har- 
 monious, gentle, mild, peaceful, 
 quiet, complaisant. 
 
 ge-pyde, adj. good, liberal. 
 
 ge-pyht, adj. suitable, pleasing. 
 
 ge-pyld, st /. patience, endurance, 
 steadfastness. (Ger. gcduld.) 
 
 ge-pyldig, adj. patient, long-suffer- 
 ing, even-minded, quiet. (Ger. 
 geduldig. ) 
 
 ge-pyncdu = gepingdu, st /. honor, 
 dignity, worth. 
 
 ge-pywe, -peawe, adj. wont, accus- 
 tomed, customary, usual. 
 
 ge-un-wendnes, st/. unchangeable- 
 ness, immutability. 
 
 ge-wEede, -w§de, st ». weeds, 
 clothing, garment, battle-dress, 
 shirt-of-mail. 
 
 ge-w$d, st n. fury, rage. 
 
 ge-w§de. See gewsede. 
 
 ge-wef, st n. woof, weaving, web. 
 
 ge-wel-hwaer, adv. everywhere. 
 
 ge-wealc, st u. rolling, motion (of 
 the wave); attack. Chron. Sax. a. 
 1100. 
 
 ge-weald, -wald, st /. n. might, 
 power. (Ger. gewalt.) 
 
 ge-wealdend, part. & adj. mighty, 
 strong, powerful. 
 
gewealdendlice — gealga 
 
 93 
 
 gewealdend-lice, adv. mightily, 
 powerfully. 
 
 gewealden-mod, adj. of a brave 
 mind, bold, coui'ageous. 
 
 geweald-leder, st. n. leather for 
 guiding, rein. 
 
 ge-weoldum. See gewild. 
 
 ge-weorc, st. n. work, deed, labor. 
 
 ge-weorht. See' gewyrht. 
 
 ge-weorp, st. n. throwing, tossing, 
 dashing. 
 
 ge-widor, st. n. storm, tempest, 
 weather. (Ger. gewitter.) 
 
 ge-wil, -■will, st. n. will, decision, 
 wish. 
 
 ge-wild, st. n. will, free will. 
 
 ge-wilt ? El. 938 = gewitt. 
 
 ge-win, -'winn, st. n. 1. fight, eon- 
 test, strife, war, attack, disturb- 
 ance, uproar, tumult. — 2. pains, 
 trouble, sorrow, oppression, agony. 
 3. gain, profit. (Ger. geicinn.) 
 
 gewin-daeg, st. m. day of battle or 
 of labor, pains, oppression, day of 
 battle. 
 
 ge-winna, w. m. enemy, oppressor, 
 rival, foe. 
 
 gewin-woruld, st. f. world full of 
 pain and misery, world of care. 
 
 ge-wi3, adj. certain, sure, trust- 
 worthy. (Ger. gewiss.) 
 
 g§wi3, st. f. distress, tribulation, 
 need. 
 
 ge-wislice, adv. truly, surely, cer- 
 tainly. 
 
 ge-wit, st. it. wits, understanding, 
 mind, thought, insight, conscious- 
 ness, knowledge, breast,soul, heart. 
 
 ge-wita, w. in. witness, accessory. 
 
 ge-wita, w. m. comrade, companion. 
 
 gewit-12as, adj. thoughtless, foolish, 
 
 silly. 
 gswit-loca, w. m. the inclosure of in- 
 telligence, mind, thought, breast. 
 gewit-nes, st. f. witness, testimony, 
 joint knowledge ; knowledge, cog- 
 nizance; a witness (testis). 
 
 ge-witod, st. m. condition of life 
 fixed for any one by destiny? 
 Eeim. 44. (ins. gewited.) 
 
 ge-witt. See gewit. 
 
 ge-wittig, adj. having intelligence, 
 knowing, conscious. 
 
 ge-wl6, adj. decorated, adorned. 
 
 ge-worf. See geweorf. 
 
 ge-writ, st. n. writing, letter, book, 
 especially the Scriptures. 
 
 ge-wrixle, st. n. change, exchange, 
 barter, arrangement, bargain. 
 
 ge-wun, adj. wont, accustomed. 
 
 ge-wuna, «■. in. use, custom, man- 
 ner, rite. 
 
 ge-wydor. See gewidor. 
 
 ge-wyrd, st. f. 1. event, occurrence. 
 2. destiny, lot assigned by fate. 
 Men. 66. 
 
 ge-wyrht, -weorht, st ». 1. deed, 
 work, labor, service. — 2. fate's de- 
 cree, lot fixed by destiny. D6m.61. 
 
 ge-wyrhta,w.'OT.worker,doer,author. 
 
 geac, st. m. (gawk), cuckoo. (Ger. 
 Jcuckuk, gancli.) 
 
 geacnung. See ge-iacnung. 
 
 geador, gador, adv. together, at the 
 same time, altogether, jointly. 
 
 geaf, adj. serving for pastime, jocose. 
 
 geafe, w. f. gift, present. 
 
 geaflas, st m. pi. beak, jaws, 
 (gaflles). 
 
 geafol, st n. tribute, gift. 
 
 geagl, st m. throat, gullet ; jaws. 
 
 geagn-, geagninga, g§ab.d. See 
 gegn-, gegninga, gkad. 
 
 gealdor, galdor, st n. sound, tone, 
 song, magic song, incantation, 
 spell, excommunication, speech. 
 
 gealdor-craeft, st m. magic art, in- 
 cantation, excommunication. 
 gealdor-cwide, st m. song, speech, 
 
 incantation. 
 gealdor-word, st n. word of a song, 
 
 magic word, 
 gealga, galga, w. m. gallows, cross. 
 (Ger. galgen.) 
 
94 
 
 gealg — geoc 
 
 gealg-, gealh-, galg-mod, adj. bil- 
 ious, oliolerio, furious, wroth, an- 
 gry; — melancholy, sad, gloomy. 
 
 gealg-treow, st. n. gallows-tree, 
 gallows, cross. [galle. ) 
 
 gealla, ealla, w. m. gall, bile. (Ger. 
 
 gean, gganes. See gegn, gegiies. 
 
 geap, gate? Euin. 11, 31. (Grein.) 
 
 g§ap, geapu, st. f. expanse, room. 
 (B.-T.) 
 
 geap, adj. 1. broad, wide, spread 
 out, roomy. — 2. experienced, as- 
 tute, sly, crafty, cunning. 
 
 ggap-neb, adj. an epithet of the 
 eoat-of-mail;— into ggap-ueb? to 
 be changed. Wald. 2, 18. (Grein.) 
 geap-neb, crooked-nibbed, with a 
 bent beak, arched. • (B.-T.) 
 
 gear, sport? jest? Eeim. 25. 
 
 gear, g£r, st. n. 1. year. — 2. yearly 
 tribute. (Ger. jahr.) 
 
 geSra, adv. gen. pi . of geSr, — yore, 
 of yore, in former times, once, 
 formerly. 
 
 geara, adv. fully, entirely, very well, 
 enough, satisfactorily, sufficiently. 
 
 gearc, adj. ready, prompt. 
 
 geard, st. m. yard, hedge, inclosed 
 space, dwelling-place, house. (Ger. 
 garten.) 
 
 geSr-dagas, st. m. pi. 1. days of the 
 year or of life. — 2. former time, 
 days of yore, former days ; — geSr- 
 dagum, adv. instr. formerly, in 
 ancient days, once. 
 
 geare, gere, adv. complete, entirely, 
 thoroughly, very well, sufficiently. 
 
 gearewe. See gearwe. 
 
 getr-gemearc, st. n. mark or bound- 
 ary of years; a year's time. 
 
 gear-gerim, st. ». number of the 
 years, years in number. 
 
 gear-mral, st. «, time of years, in 
 course .of time, year by year. 
 
 gearnung. See ge-earnung. 
 
 gearo. See ge-earu. 
 
 getr-rim, st. n. number of years. 
 
 gear-torht, adj. splendid, bright in 
 years, illustrious on account of 
 yearly revenue. 
 
 gearu. See ge-earu. 
 
 gearu, gearo, adj. yare, ready, pre- 
 
 - pared, prompt, finished, equipped ; 
 complete. 
 
 gearu, gearo, adv. promptly, readily, 
 fully, entirely, altogether, thor- 
 oughly, very well, richly. 
 
 gearu-brygd, st. f. prompt, com- 
 plete vibration. Cra. 50. 
 
 gearu-folm, adj. with ready hand. 
 
 gearu-gangende, part, going unim- 
 peded, swiftly. 
 
 gearu-lioe, adv. completely, fully, 
 very well. 
 
 gearu-snotor, -snottor, adj. very 
 wise, prudent. 
 
 gearu-pancol, adj. very thoughtful, 
 prudent. 
 
 gearuwian. See gerwan. 
 
 gearu- wyrdig, adj. ready with words, 
 ready to strike, eloquent. 
 
 gearwe, gearuwe, gearewe, adv. 
 completely, entirely, altogether, 
 well, very well, safely, satisfac- 
 torily. (Ger. gar.) 
 
 gearwe, st.f. pi. equipment, clothing, 
 ornaments, gear. 
 
 gearwe, w. f. the same as above. 
 
 gearwian. See gerwan. 
 
 geasne. See gresne. 
 
 geat, gat, st. n. gate, door. (Ger. 
 gasse.) 
 
 geato-llc, adj. ready, well-prepared, 
 handsome, splendid. 
 
 geatwan, w. v. to make ready, pre- 
 pare, adorn. 
 
 geatwe, st. f. pi. equipment, adorn- 
 ment. 
 
 ggad, ggahd, st. f. foolishness, las- 
 civiousness, -wantonness, luxury, 
 mockery. 
 
 g§o, gio, adv. once, formerly. (Goth. 
 ju.) 
 
 geoc, gioc, st. n. yoke. 
 
geoc — georne 
 
 95 
 
 geoc, Soc, gloc, st /. help, support, 
 rescue, safety, consolation, alle- 
 viation. 
 
 geocend, part. & subs, helper, res- 
 cuer, Savior. 
 
 geocian, w. r., V). gen., or dat. to 
 help, preserve, rescue, save. 
 
 gSocor, adj. strong, brave, wild, 
 vricked, bad, ill, perilous, oppress- 
 ive, bitter, dire, sad. 
 
 geocre, adv. harshly, roughly, se- 
 verely, angrily. 
 
 geocsa, geolisa, gilisa, w. m. sobbing, 
 rattling in the throat. Met. 2, 5. 
 
 geofa.geofan.geofe. See gifa.gifan, 
 gife, gifu. 
 
 geofian, w. v. to give, present. 
 
 geofon, gifen, gyfen, st. n. sea, 
 flood. 
 
 geofon-fldd, st. m. flood of the sea. 
 
 geofon-hus, st. n. sea-house, ship. 
 
 geofen-yd, st. n. sea-wave, billow. 
 
 geofu. See gifu. 
 
 geogud, giogud, st. f. 1. youth, age 
 or state of youth, time of youth. — 
 2. youth, young persons, young 
 men, young warriors. (Ger. ju- 
 gend.) 
 
 geogud-cnosl, st. n. young family, 
 children. 
 
 geogud-feorh, st. n. age of youth, 
 youth. 
 
 geogud-had, st. m. state of youth, 
 time of youth, youth. 
 
 geogud-myru, st. f. joy of youth? 
 Eii. 39, 2. 
 
 geohsa, geohdu. See geocsa, 
 gebdu. 
 
 geoleca, geolca, gioleca, w. m. yolk. 
 
 geolo, -u, adj. yellow. 
 
 geolo-rand, st m. yellow shield 
 (shield with a covering of inter- 
 laced linden-bark). 
 
 geomeer? Ps, 77, 39;— perhaps to 
 he changed into g§on-, ggan-cer. 
 Cf. geoncyr occursug. (Lye.) 
 
 geo-man, st m. man of former times. 
 
 geomor, giomor, adj. sorrowful, sad, 
 troubled, miserable, depressed in 
 spirits, wretched. (Cf.Ger. jammer.) 
 
 g6omor-fr6d, adj. old in sorrows, 
 sage, wise, very old. 
 
 geomor-gid, -gyd, st. n. dirge, fu- 
 neral song, elegy, lamentation. 
 
 geomor-lic, adj. sad, sorrowful, 
 painful. 
 
 geomor-llce, adv. sadly, sorrowfully, 
 mournfully. [mind. 
 
 geomor-mod, adj. sad, sorrowful in 
 
 geomran, -rian, w. v. to mourn, la- 
 ment, be sorrowful, be sad, com- 
 plain. (Ger. jamnei'n.) 
 
 ggoncef. See geomser. 
 
 geond, giond, prep. w. ace. through, 
 throughout, along, over, as far as, 
 beyond, between; — used in gen- 
 eral to denote extension in space. 
 
 geong, geng, ging, iung, giung, adj. 
 
 1. young, youthful. — 2. recent, 
 new, fresh. — 3. superl. the last. 
 B. 2817. (Ger.jung.) 
 
 geong, st m. going, course, journey. 
 
 gSong, pret. of gangan. 
 
 geongan, st ail. v. I. to go. 
 
 geonge-wifre, w. f. a weaver in 
 going, spider. 
 
 geongor-dom, st m. discipleship, 
 obedience, service. 
 
 geongor-scipe, st m. same as above. 
 
 geongra, giongra, gingra, w. m. dis- 
 ciple, follower, dependant, vassal, 
 servant. (Ger. junger. ) 
 
 geongre, gingre.ie./. female servant. 
 
 gSopan, st abl. v. VI. to take up 
 into one's self, swallow. 
 
 georn, adj. diligent, studious, de- 
 sirous of seeking after, striving, 
 eager, ardent, zealous. (Ger. 
 gerne.) 
 
 georne, adv. 1. willingly, obligingly, 
 gladly, readily, diligently, zealous- 
 ly, carefully, eagerly, anxiously. — 
 
 2. completely, fully, exactly, safe- 
 ly, surely. (Ger. gem.) 
 
96 
 
 geornful — gild 
 
 georn-ful, adj. solicitous, eager, de- 
 sirous, zealous. 
 
 georn-lice, adv. eagerly, zealously, 
 carefully, diligently, willingly. 
 
 georran, st. abl. v. I. to sound, 
 creak, grate. 
 
 geo-sceaft, st. f. long-fixed destiny, 
 fate. 
 
 ggosceaft-gSst, st. m. spirit of re- 
 mote antiquity, having his origin 
 in the beginning of the world ? — 
 demon sent by fate ? B. 1266. 
 
 geostra, giestra, gystra, adj. yes- 
 ter-, of yesterday. (Ger. gestern.) 
 
 geotan. See gitan. 
 
 geotan, st abl. v. VI. 1. to pour, pour 
 out, pour forth, shed. — 2. intrans. 
 to pour, empty, stream, flow. (Ger. 
 giessen.) 
 
 a-geotan, 1. to pour out, shed. — 
 2. to empty. — 3. to stream out or 
 forth, flow. 
 
 be-g§otan, 1. to pour upon or 
 over. — 2. to pour into, 
 ge-geotan, to pour. 
 burh-g6otan, to pour through, 
 fill entirely, imbue. 
 
 geodu. See gehdu. 
 
 gicel, st. m. icicle (= ice-icel). 
 
 gid, gidd, gied, gyd, st. n. song, sol- 
 emn alliterative song, speech, lay, 
 poem, riddle: 
 
 giddian, gieddian, gyddian, w. v. to 
 sing, speak, recite (in alliterative 
 verse). 
 
 gidding, giedding, st. f. song, earnest 
 discourse, saying, prophecy. 
 
 gtfi gyf. conj. 1. w. indie. & subj. if. — 
 2. w. indie, or subj. although, even 
 if. Gen. 661. — 3. w. indie, or subj. 
 whether. 
 
 gif, gyf, st. n. gift, favor, grace. 
 
 gifa, giefa, geofa, gyfa, w. m. giver, 
 distributer. 
 
 gifan, giefan, gefan, geofan, giofan, 
 gyfan, st. abl. v. III. to give. (Ger. 
 gebeu.) 
 
 a-gifan, 1. to give, deliver, give 
 or send forth, impart, return. — 
 
 2. to restore, give back again. — 
 
 3. to give up, abandon, lose, 
 ast-gifan, to render, bring to the 
 
 help of, afford help to. 
 
 for-gifan, 1. to give, grant, con- 
 cede, allow, deliver.*— 2. to forgive-. 
 3. to give up, leave, cease. 
 
 of-gifan, to give up, resign, lose, 
 leave, send away, give away, set 
 out. 
 
 gifen. See geofon. 
 
 gifer, st. to. eater, glutton? Seel. 118. 
 
 gifed, sea, ocean ? An. 489. (Grein.) 
 But -see gifede, st. n. 
 
 gifede, gyfede, adj. given, granted. 
 
 gifede, st. n. what is given by des- 
 tiny, fate. B. 3085. 
 
 gif-fsest, adj. endowed, gifted. i 
 
 gif-heal, st. f. hall in which gifts are 
 distributed, throne-hall. 
 
 gifl, gifel, giefl, gyfl, st. n. food, bit, 
 morsel. 
 
 gif-nes, st. f. kindness, grace, favor. 
 
 gifre, adj. greedy, ravenous, rapa- 
 cious, eager, desirous. 
 
 gifre, adj. salutary, useful. 
 
 gif-sceat, st. m. gift of value, pres- 
 ent, tribute. B. 378. 
 
 gif-stol, st. m. seat from which gifts 
 are distributed, royal seat, throne. 
 
 gift, gyft, st.f. n. gift, dowry, mar- 
 riage. (O. H. Ger. gift.) 
 
 gifu, giefu, geofu, giofu, gyfu, st. f. 
 gift, present, benefit, grant, fief, 
 grace, favor, talent, virtue, ca- 
 pacity, ability. (Ger. gabe.) 
 
 gigant, st. to. giant. 
 
 gigant-ma3Cg, st. to. son of a giant. 
 
 gihsa, gihdu. See geocsa, gehdu. 
 
 gild, gield, gyld, st. n. 1. reparation, 
 reward, requital, , retribution. — 2. 
 amends for something, compensa- 
 tion, substitute.— 3. worship, cult, 
 service, sacrifice.— 4. divinity, de- 
 ity.— 5. idol. 
 
gildan — git a 
 
 97 
 
 gildan, gieldan, gyldaii, geldan, st. 
 abl. v. I. (to yield), 1. to make 
 reparation, restore, requite, repay, 
 reward, pay. — 2. to vow, sacrifice. 
 (Ger. gelten.) 
 
 a-gildan, 1. to give back, pay. — 
 2. to offer one's self. 
 an-gildan, to pay for. 
 for-gildan, 1. to requite, pay. — 
 2. to reward one with something. 
 B. 956. — 3. to give, pay, reward. — 
 4. to pay, fulfill. (Ger. vcr- 
 gelten.) 
 
 ge- gildan, to grant, give, 
 on-gildan, 1. to atone for, ex- 
 piate. — 2. to pay, give up. — 3. to 
 receive as punishment. Fa. 71. 
 
 gilp, gelp, gielp, gylp, st. m. n. 
 glory, glorious renown, boasting, 
 boastful speech, big talking, arro- 
 gance, promise of great deeds. 
 
 gilpan, gielpan, gylpan, si. abl. v. I. 
 (to yelp), to praise one's self, 
 boast, be haughty, exult insolent- 
 ly, triumph, rejoice, exult. 
 a-gilpan, to boast, rejoice. 
 
 gilp-cwide, st. m. boastful speech, 
 defiant speech. 
 
 gilpen, adj. vainglorious, boastful. 
 
 gilp-hlasden, adj. laden with boasts 
 of defiance; he who has many such 
 boasts, and consequently has been 
 victorious in many combats ; cov- 
 ered with glory. B. 868. 
 
 gilp-lic, adj. boastful, splendid. 
 
 gilp-plega, w. m. play in which de- 
 fiance or boasts are hurled back 
 and forth, war. 
 
 gilp-soeada, w. m. boastful, big- 
 talMng, arrogant enemy. 
 
 gUp-sprec, st.f. speech of defiance, 
 boastful speech. 
 
 gup-word, st. n. proud, boastful 
 word (speech). 
 
 gilt. See gylt. 
 
 giltan. See gyltan. 
 
 gim, st. m. 1. gem, jewel.— 2. eye.— 
 3. sun, constellation, star. (O. H. 
 Ger. gimma.) 
 
 gim-cyn (gym), st. n. kind of gems, 
 precious stones. 
 
 gim-reced, st. n. hall adorned with 
 precious stones, or in which pre- 
 cious stones are distributed. 
 
 gin, adj. gaping, wide, extended. 
 
 gin. gy n i st. a . gaping abyss, chasm, 
 expanse, deep, bottom. 
 
 giuan, st. abl. o. V. 
 
 be-ginan, to yawn at, stare at 
 any one yawning. 
 
 to-ginan, to be opened, be cleft, 
 to split, gape. 
 
 gin-fasst, adj. firm on all sides, strong, 
 mighty, powerful. 
 
 ging, gingra, giugre. See geong, 
 geongra, geongre. 
 
 ginnan, gynnan, st. abl. v. I. (to gin.) 
 an-ginnan, to begin, commence. 
 be-ginnan, to begin, commence. 
 on-ginnan, 1. w. inf. to begin ; — 
 often used as a periphrastic way 
 of denoting .the simple action of 
 the verb. — 2. w. aec. to begin, un- 
 dertake. — 3. to make an attack 
 upon any one, attack, rush upon, 
 assail, assault, storm. 
 
 ginne. See gin. 
 
 gin-, ginn-wised, adj. very wise. 
 
 girran, girwan, gist. See georran, 
 gerwan, gaest. 
 
 gisel, gysel, st.. m. hostage. (Ger. 
 geissel. ) 
 
 git, gyt, nom. voc. dual of the pers. 
 pron. of the second person, ye two ; 
 — git Johannis, thou and John ; — 
 gen. incer; dat. inc; ace. incit, inc. 
 
 git, get, giet, gyt, adv. yet, now, still, 
 again, moreover, hitherto, up to 
 this time; — w. negative, not yet, 
 never before. 
 
 gita, geta, gieta, gyta, adv. hitherto, 
 as yet. 
 
98 
 
 gitan — gleaw 
 
 gitan, gietan, gytan, geotan,st.abl.v. 
 III. to get. 
 
 5-gitan, to destroy, put out, 
 overturn, hurt. 
 
 an-gitan, to take hold of, grasp, 
 seize. 
 
 be-, bi-gitan, 1. to take, grasp, seize, 
 reach, gain, attain, receive, befall. 
 2. to seize, attack. Seef. 24. 
 
 for-gitan, w. ace. & gen. to for- 
 get. (Ger. vergessen.) 
 ofer-gitan, to neglect, forget. 
 on-gitan, to take hold of, grasp ; 
 especially to grasp intellectually ; 
 comprehend, perceive, distinguish, 
 behold, recognize. 
 
 gitsian, gytsian, w. v. to desire ar- 
 dently, be avaricious, be greedy. 
 (Ger. geigen.) 
 
 gltsung, st. f. concupiscence, lust, 
 desire, avarice, covetousness. 
 
 gied, gieddian, giedding. See gid, 
 giddian, gidding. 
 
 giefa, giefan, giefl, giefu. See gifa, 
 gifan, gifl, gifu. 
 
 gield, gieldan, giellan, gielp, giel- 
 pan, gielt. See gild, gildan, gel- 
 Ian, gilp, gilpan, gylt. 
 
 gleman, glen, glena. See gyman, 
 g§n, gena. 
 
 gleng, pret. from gangan. 
 
 gierd, gierela, gierwan. See gyrd, 
 gerela, gerwan. 
 
 giest, giestra. See gsest, geostra. 
 
 giet, gieta, gietan. See git, gita, 
 gitan. 
 
 glo (gio-), gioc, gloc, giofu, giofan, 
 giogud, giohdu, gioleca, gioman, 
 glomor, giond, giong, giong.gion- 
 gor, giongra, glotan. See geo, 
 geoo, ggoc, gifu, gifan, geogud, 
 gehdu, geoleca, geoman, geomor, 
 geond, geong, gangan, geongor, 
 geongra, geotan. 
 
 glong, pret. from gangan. 
 
 giung. See geong. 
 
 gladian, tv. v. 1. to gleam, shimmer. 
 
 2. to cheer up, make glad ; — intrans. 
 to be glad, rejoice. 
 
 gla?d, adj. 1. bright, gleaming, shin- 
 ing, beaming. — 2. glad, joyful. — 
 
 3. agreeable, pleasant, gracious, 
 friendly, kind, obliging. (Ger. 
 glatt.) 
 
 glasd, st. n. hilarity, joyousness, joy, 
 gladness ; — (glade, cheer. Halli- 
 well). 
 
 glasde, adv. gladly, in a friendly, 
 gracious way. 
 
 glasd-Hc, adj. bright, shining, pleas- 
 ant, agreeable, friendly. 
 
 glaed-lice, adv. gladly, willingly ; in 
 a gracious, pleasant manner. 
 
 glsed-mSd, adj. 1. glad of mind, joy- 
 ous, cheerful. — 2. friendly, kind, 
 courteous, gracious. 
 
 glsede-stede. See glSdstede. 
 
 gla%m, st. in. gleam, brightness, 
 splendor, beauty. 
 
 glass, st. n. glass. (Ger. glas.) 
 
 glSES-hluttor, glas-hlupor, adj. clear 
 as glass, transparent. 
 
 gl§d, st. f. heat, coals, fire, flame. 
 (Ger. gluth.) 
 
 gledaii, w. v. 
 
 ge-gledan, to make hot, kindle, 
 light up. 
 purh-gl§dan, to heat through. 
 
 gle"d-egesa, w. m. terror on account 
 of fire, fire-terror. 
 
 glgd-stede, -styde, st. m. place for 
 fire, hearth, altar. 
 
 glendran, iv. v. 
 
 foi-glendran, to devour greedily, 
 swallow up. 
 
 gleng, st /. ornament, honor. 
 
 glengan, w. v. to adorn, decorate, 
 ge-glengan, the same as above. 
 
 gl§am, st. n. joy, jubilation, loud 
 rejoicing. 
 
 glgaw, adj. 1. penetrating, acute, 
 sly, skilled, sagacious, wise ; knowr 
 ing, having knowledge of any- 
 
gleawe — godbearn 
 
 99 
 
 thing. — 2. good. — 3. cowardly,neg- 
 
 leotful, economical, considerate, 
 
 avaricious. (Ger. glau.) 
 glSawe, adv. wisely, considerately, 
 
 prudently, carefully ; — exactly, 
 
 well, 
 glgaw-ferhd, adj. prudent, good in 
 
 disposition or mind, sagacious. 
 gl§aw-hycgende, part, thoughtful, 
 
 prudent, wise. 
 glSaw-hydig, adj. same as above. 
 gl§aw-]ice, adv. prudently, wisely, 
 
 diligently, carefully, well, 
 gleaw-mod, adj. of a wise mind, sa- 
 gacious, good, 
 gleaw-nes, st. f. wisdom, prudence. 
 gl6o. See gleow. 
 gleo-bSam, st. m. tree of music, 
 
 wood for giving joy, harp. 
 gleo-dream, st. m. joyous diversion, 
 
 social gayety, mirth, 
 gleo-man, st. m. glee-man, singer, 
 
 musician, harper, player, jester, 
 gleorrm, glimu, st. f. splendor, adorn- 
 ment. 
 gleow, gleo, gllo, glig, st. n. social 
 
 entertainment, joyful diversion, 
 
 joy, music, play, jest, song, glee, 
 gleow-stol, st. m. seat of joy. 
 gleo-, glio-word, st. n. word off joy, 
 
 song, poem, 
 glida, w. m. glede, kite, 
 glidan, st. all. v. V. 1. to glide. — 
 
 2. to glide away, vanish. (Ger. 
 
 gleiten.) 
 be-glldan (bi-), to glide away, 
 
 vanish, leave, 
 ge-glidan, to glide, fall. 
 6d-glidan, to glide away, escape. 
 td-glidan, to glide apart or 
 
 asunder, fall asunder, separate, 
 vanish, 
 glig. See gleow. 
 glimu. See gleomu. 
 glisnian, glissian, w. v. to glisten, 
 shine, glitter, gleam. 
 
 glitinian, w. v. to glisten, glitter, 
 
 light, gleam. 
 gliw. See gleow. 
 gliwian, w. v. to make joyful? to 
 
 adom? Ea. 27, 13. 
 gliw-stasf, st. m. sign of joy, melody. 
 gllo. See gleo. 
 glof, st. n. cliff, rock. 
 gl6f, st. /. glove. 
 
 glom, st. m. ? (gloom, glum), twi- 
 light, morning or evening splen- 
 dor. Sch. 71. Cf. gloaming. 
 gn»t, st. m. gnat, midge. 
 gnead, adj. niggardly, sparing, 
 
 stingy. 
 gnorn, adj. sad, gloomy, mournful, 
 
 depressed, 
 gnorn, .st m. sorrow, sadness. 
 gnornian, w. <y. to be sad or sorrow- 
 ful, to complain, to have sorrow. 
 be- gnornian, to bemoan, mourn 
 for. 
 gnorn-cearig, adj. sad, troubled. 
 gnorn-hof, st. n. dwelling of sorrow, 
 
 prison, cell. 
 gnora-scendende, part .hastening 
 
 away in sadness. 
 gnorn-sorg, st. f. sadness, tribula- 
 tion, anxiety, sorrow. 
 gnornung, st. f. sadness, sorrow, 
 
 complaining, mourning. 
 .gnorn-word, st. ». word of sorrow, 
 
 wailing, lamentation. 
 gnym, st. f. 1. sadness, mourning, 
 •calamity. — 2. wrong, insult, fault, 
 gnyde. See gnead. 
 god, st. m. God, deity, divinity. 
 
 (Ger. Gott.) 
 
 g6d, adj. good, fit, liberal. (Ger. gut.) 
 
 g6d, st. n. 1. good, good thing, good 
 
 ■deed, the good. — 2. goodness 
 
 shown, benefit, favor, kindness, 
 
 gift, present, liberality. — 3. good, 
 
 blessing, welf are, goodness, ability. 
 
 goda, w. m. God, deity. 
 
 god-bearn, st. n. God's Son, Christ. 
 
100 
 
 godcund — ■ graef 
 
 god-cund, adj; coming' from God, 
 divine. 
 
 god-dsed, st /. 1. good deed, good 
 work. — 2. benefit. 
 
 god-dond, -doend, part. & snbs. 1. 
 one that does good.— 2. benefactor. 
 
 god-dream, st. m. joys of heaven. 
 
 gode-gyld, st n. idol. 
 
 gode-web. See godweb. 
 
 god-faeder, st. m. God the Father. 
 
 god-ferht, -fyrht, adj. God-fearing. 
 
 g6d-fremmend, part. & subs, one 
 that does good. 
 
 god-gim, st. n. divine gem, heavenly 
 jewel. 
 
 godian, w. v. to become good, make 
 good, better. 
 ge-g6dian, to assist, enrich. 
 
 god-lie, adj. goodly, good. 
 
 god-nes, st.f. goodness.compassion. 
 
 god-seed, st. n. God's seed, piety. 
 
 god-scyld, st /. sin committed 
 against God. 
 
 god-scyldig, adj. criminal, guilty. 
 
 god-spedig, adj. rich in blessings, 
 rich, happy. 
 
 god-spel, st n. the story of God, 
 gospel. 
 
 god-prym, st m. divine majesty or 
 glory. 
 
 god-web, gode-web, st n. divine, 
 very costly texture, purple cloth, 
 silk, tapestry. 
 
 gold, st n. gold. (Ger. gold.) 
 
 gold-aeht, st /. possessions in gold, 
 treasure. 
 
 gold-beorlit, adj. bright with gold. 
 
 gold-burg, st /. castle adorned, dec- 
 orated with gold. 
 
 gold-fset, st n. golden vessel. 
 
 gold-fset (-fatu?), st.f. golden brace- 
 let. Ph. 303. 
 
 gold-fall, adj. variegated with gold, 
 shining with gold. 
 
 gold-frastwe, st /. pi. golden orna- 
 ments. 
 
 gold-gifa, -gyfa, -giefa, w. m. gold- 
 giver, prince, lord. 
 
 gold-hama, w. m. garment orna- 
 mented with gold, coat-of-mail. 
 
 gold-hilted, adj. gold-hilted, having 
 a golden hilt. 
 
 gold-hladen, part. gold-laden, 
 adorned with gold. 
 
 gold-hord, st n. treasure of gold, 
 treasure. 
 
 gold-hroden, part, covered with 
 gold, adorned with gold. 
 
 gold-hwset, adj. rich in gold (Grein); 
 greedy for gold, striving after 
 gold (B.-T.). 
 
 gold-madrn, st m. treasure of gold, 
 treasure. 
 
 gold-sele, st m. gold-hall, hall in 
 which gold is distributed, ruler's 
 hall. 
 
 gold-smid, st m. goldsmith, worker 
 in gold. 
 
 gold-smidu, st /. art of working in 
 gold. 
 
 gold-spedig, adj. rich in gold. 
 
 gold-torht, adj. shining like gold. 
 
 gold-weard, st to. keeper, defender 
 of the gold. 
 
 gold- wine, st m. friend who dis- 
 tributes gold, ruler, king, prince. 
 
 gold-wlanc, -wlonc, adj. elegantly 
 adorned with gold, rich in gold. 
 
 goma, w. m. gums, palate, jaws. 
 (Ger. gaum, gaumen.) 
 
 gombon. See gamban. 
 
 gomel, gomelian, gomen. See ga- 
 mol, gamelian, gamen. 
 
 gong, gongan. See gang, gangan. 
 
 gop, st »(. slave, servant. Ka. 50, 3. 
 
 gor, st n. dung, dirt, filth. 
 
 g6s, st.f. goose. (Ger. gans.) 
 
 grsed, st m. greed, desire, hunger. 
 
 graedan, w. v. to cry, call out. 
 
 grEedig, grgdig, adj. greedy, vora- 
 cious, hungry, covetous. 
 
 graef, st ,i. grave. (Ger. grab.) 
 
grsef-hus — grimman 
 
 101 
 
 graef-lrus, st. n. grave-house, grave, 
 
 place of torment, hall, 
 grasft, st. m. f. n. carving, sculpture, 
 
 a graven image, 
 graeg, adj. gray. (Ger. grau.) 
 graeg-hama, u\ m. gray garment, 
 
 shirt-of-mail. 
 greeg-msel, adj. marked with gray, 
 
 having a gray color, 
 grses, st. n. grass. 
 
 grses-molde,u>./.grass-plot,meadow. 
 grses-wang, st. m. same as above. 
 grcetan, gretan, st. red. i: (to greet), 
 
 weep, lament, bemoan, deplore. 
 
 (Goth, gretan, greitan.) 
 be-gretan, to bemoan, deplore, 
 graf, st. m. n. grove, 
 grafan, st. all. v. VI. 1. to dig, dig 
 
 up. — 2. to grave, carve, chisel, 
 
 engrave. (Ger. graben.) 
 a-grafan, to cut, engrave, 
 be-, bi-grafan, to bury, inter, 
 gram, groin, adj. hostile, enraged, 
 
 furious, fierce, dire, cruel, wild, 
 
 terrible. (Ger. gram.) 
 grame, grome, adv. hostilely, inim- 
 
 ically, fiercely, terribly, cruelly. 
 gram-heort, adj. evil-minded, of a 
 
 hostile heart. 
 gram-hycgende, part, evil-minded, 
 
 having a hostile purpose. 
 gram-hydig, adj. same as above. 
 gram-hygdig, -hegdig, adj. same as 
 
 above. 
 gram-lie, adj. hostile, fierce, cruel. 
 gram-lice, adv. hostilely, fiercely, 
 
 cruelly. 
 gram-word, st. n. hostile or evil 
 
 word (speech), 
 grandor-leas, grondor-lgas, adj. 
 
 faultless, 
 graniau, w. v. to lament, murmur, 
 
 complain. 
 grtp, st. f. the hand ready to grasp, 
 
 hand, claw, clutch, 
 grapian, w. v. to seize, lay hold of, 
 
 grasp, grope. 
 
 ge-grapian, to feel with the 
 hands, touch. 
 
 gredig. gee grsedig. 
 
 gregg, adj. gray. 
 
 gremian, gremman, w. v. 
 
 ge-gremian, to exasperate, em- 
 bitter, enrage. 
 
 grene, adj. green. (Ger. griln.) 
 
 grenian, w. v. to become green. (Ger. 
 griinen . ) 
 
 grennian, «o. v. to grin, show the 
 teeth. (Ger. greinen.) 
 
 gretan. See greetan. 
 
 gretan, w. v. 1. to greet, salute, ad- 
 dress, accost, call upon, take leave 
 of. — 2. to approach, come near, 
 seek out, touch, take hold of, as- 
 sail, go in, visit. (Ger. griiszen.) 
 ge-grStan, the same as above. 
 
 great, adj. great, immense, grand. 
 (Ger. gross.) 
 
 greosan, st. abl. v. VI. 
 
 be-greosan, to be seized with 
 fright. Sat. 52. 
 
 grgot, st. in. grit, sand, earth, dust. 
 (Ger. gries.) 
 
 greotan, st. abl. v. VI. to cry, weep, 
 lament, mourn. 
 
 grgot-hord, st. n. earth-treasure, i. e. 
 human body, because it* is buried 
 in the earth. 
 
 grim, adj. grim, fierce, wild, furious, 
 enraged, angry, hostile, severe, 
 cruel, savage, horrible. (Ger. 
 grimm. ) 
 
 grima, grimma, w. m. mask, visor, 
 ghost, helmet. 
 
 grimetan, grymetan, -ian, w. v. to 
 give forth a sound of rage, to rage, 
 gnash with the teeth, roar, grunt. 
 
 grim-helm, st. m. mask-helm, helmet 
 with visor. 
 
 grim-lie, adj. grim, terrible. 
 
 grim-lice, adv. grimly, terribly, 
 harshly, cruelly. 
 
 grimman, st. abl. v. I. 1. to snort, 
 roar, rage. — 2. to go forward 
 hastily, to hasten. B. 306. 
 
102 
 
 grimme — grym 
 
 grimme, grymme, adv. grimly, 
 fiercely, cruelly, in a hostile man- 
 ner, sharply, bitterly, sternly. 
 
 grim-nes, -nys, st. f. grimness, fe- 
 rocity, cruelty. 
 
 grin, gryn, st. f. noose, snare, trap, 
 gin. 
 
 grindan, st. abl. v. I. to grind, rub 
 together, strike, clash, collide. 
 
 be-grindan, 1. to grind off, pol- 
 ish, sharpen. — 2. to deprive of, rob. 
 for-grindan, to grind up, grind 
 to pieces, destroy, ruin. — 2. to de- 
 stroy, kill? or to stop, put a stop 
 to a person's proceedings. B. 424. 
 ge-grindan,to grind off,sharpen; 
 part, gegrunden. Buin. 14? 
 
 grindel, st. m. bar, bolt, clog. 
 
 gring, st.f. n.f slaughter, downfall. 
 
 gringan, st. abl. v. I. to fall, sink 
 down, perish. 
 
 gring-wracu, st /. death-torment. 
 
 gripan, st. abl. v. V. to gripe, seize, 
 lay hold of, grasp. (Ser. greifen.) 
 for-gripan, 1. to lay hold of, 
 apprehend, grasp, snatch away. — 
 2. to lay hands on violently, do 
 violence to, kill by the gripe. 
 
 ge-gripan, to gripe, seize, grasp, 
 lay hold of. 
 
 wid-gripan, w. <lat. to strike 
 against (Grein); — to seize at, op- 
 pose a thing, restrain it (Gro- 
 schopp); — to maintain, hold erect 
 (H. & S.). B. 2522. 
 
 gripe, st. m. gripe, attack, hold, 
 grasp, seizure, clutch; — gudbilla 
 gripe, shield. Wald. 2, 13. 
 
 gripu, st /. kettle, vessel (Leo). 
 Sal. 46. 
 
 grist-bitung,st/. gnashing of teeth. 
 
 grid, st re. peace. 
 
 grom, grondor. See gram,grandor. 
 
 grorn, st. m.f sorrow,sadness,mourn- 
 ing. (ms. grom. Eeim. 66.) 
 
 grorne, adv. sorrowfully, miserably, 
 sadly. 
 
 grorn-hof, st re. house of sorrow, 
 hell. 
 
 grornian, w. v. to mourn. 
 
 be-grornian, to mourn for, be- 
 moan. 
 
 grorn-torn? st m.f sadness, mourn- 
 ing? Keim. 66. 
 
 growan, st red. v. to grow, sprout, 
 bud, become green, spring up. 
 
 for-gr6wan, in the expression 
 in forgr6wan, to grow into some- 
 thing. Reim. 46. 
 
 grand, st m. (litsrally, the thing 
 ground, from grindan), 1. ground, 
 bottom, the lowest part of a body, 
 the bottom or foundation of any- 
 thing. — 2. ground, earth, plain, 
 fields, land. — 3. depth, abyss, hell, 
 sea, ocean. (Ger. grund.) 
 
 grund-bedd, st n. ground, soil. 
 
 grund-buend, part. & subs, earth- 
 dweller. 
 
 grund-fus, adj. inclined to the abyss, 
 to the lower world. 
 
 grund-hirde, -hyrde, st m. f. keeper 
 or defender of the bottom of the 
 sea. B. 2136. 
 
 grand-leas, adj. 1. groundless, bot- 
 tomless, very deep. — 2. homeless, 
 banished, exiled. 
 
 grund-sceat, st m. lap of the earth, 
 earth. 
 
 grund-sele, st m. hall at the bottom 
 of the sea. 
 
 grund-waeg, st m. foundation-wall, 
 earth. 
 
 grund-wang, st m. ground surface, 
 lowest surface, bottom. 
 
 grund-wela, w. m. possession of the 
 ground (earth). 
 
 grund-weall, st m. foundation-wall, 
 ground-wall. 
 
 grund-wyrgen, st /. she-wolf of the 
 bottom of the moor, Grendel's 
 mother. B. 1518. 
 
 grym, grymetan, grymme, gryn. 
 See grim, grimetan, grimme, grin. 
 
gryn — gudgepingu 
 
 103 
 
 gryn, st. f. sorrow, care, evil (Grein); 
 net, noose, snare (H. & S.). 
 
 gryndan, w. v. to be deep, or to be 
 in the deep? Dan. 324. (Ger. 
 griinden , ) 
 
 a-gryndan, to come to the 
 ground, to descend. 
 
 grynde, st. n. abyss. (Cf. Goth. 
 afgrundipa; Ger. abgrund.) 
 
 gryn-smid, st. m. originator of evil, 
 pain, or sorrow; plotter of mis- 
 chief. 
 
 gryre, st. m. dread, terror, horror, 
 fright ; what is horrible or terrible. 
 
 gryre-broga, u\ m. terror and horror, 
 amazement. 
 
 gryre-fsest, adj. terribly firm, strong- 
 ly fixed. 
 
 gryre-fah, adj. horribly gleaming? 
 terribly hostile. 
 
 gryre-gasst, st. m. terror-bringing 
 stranger, terror-guest. 
 
 gryre-geatwe, st. f. pi. equipments 
 against the terror of battle, war- 
 like equipments. 
 
 gryre-hwll, st. f. time of terror. 
 
 gryre-lSod, st. n. terror-song, fearful 
 song. 
 
 gryre-llc, adj. terrible, horrible. 
 
 gryre-sld, st. m. way of terror, ter- 
 rible journey. 
 
 gu-dsed. See rudeed. 
 
 guma, w. m. (bride-groom), man, 
 human being. (Goth, guma; Lat. 
 homo.) 
 
 gum-cyn, st. n. human race, people; 
 a people, nation. 
 
 gum-cyst, st. f. man's excellence, 
 man's virtue, bravery, piety, lib- 
 erality, &e. 
 
 gum-dream, st. m. joyous doings of 
 men. 
 
 gum-drybten, st. in. lord of men. 
 
 gum-feda, w. m. troop of men going 
 on foot. 
 
 gum-frga, w. m. lord of men, king. 
 
 gum-man, st. m. man, human being. 
 
 gum-rice, st. n. kingdom of men, 
 kingdom, earth. 
 
 guni-riiic, st. m. man, warrior. 
 
 gum-stdl, st. m. seat of man, castle 
 (Grein);— throne (B.-T.). 
 
 gum-begen, st. in. man. 
 
 gum-peod, st. f. a folk, people. 
 
 gud, st. f. war, battle, combat, con- 
 flict. 
 
 gud-beorn, st. m. hero of the fight, 
 warrior. 
 
 gud-bill, st. n. battle-sword. 
 
 gud-bord, st. n. war-shield. 
 
 gud-byrne, w.f. coat-of-mail, battle- 
 corselet. 
 
 gud-cearu,st/.care or sorrow which 
 battle brings. 
 
 gud-craeft, st. m. strength in battle, 
 warlike strength. 
 
 gud-cwgn, st. f. battle-queen. 
 
 gud-cyning, st. m. king in battle, 
 king directing the battle. 
 
 gud-cyst, st. f. battle-host ? chosen 
 warriors? bravery? Exod. 343. 
 
 gud-de"ad, st. m. death in battle. 
 
 gud-fana, w. m. battle-flag, military 
 standard. 
 
 gfid-fla, w. f. battle-arrow. 
 
 gud-floga, w. m. flying fighter, 
 dragon. 
 
 giid-frec, adj. bold, ready for battle, 
 warlike. 
 
 gud-fremmend, part. & subs, war- 
 rior, fighter. 
 
 gud-frea, w. m. lord of the battle, 
 prince, chieftain. 
 
 gud-fruma, w. m. a warlike chief. 
 
 gud-fagol, st. m. warlike bird, eagle. 
 
 gud-gelaca, -gelseca, u\ in. comrade 
 in war, warrior. 
 
 gud-gemot, st. n. meeting in battle, 
 battle. [ments. 
 
 gud-getawa, st. f. pi. battle equip- 
 
 gud-gepingu, st. n. pi. imminent or 
 expected battle (Grein); — the lot 
 to be expected from impending 
 war (B.-T.). 
 
104 
 
 gudgewsede — gyrd 
 
 gud-gew*de, st. n. war-dress, armor. 
 
 gud-geweorc, st. re. battle-work, 
 warlike deed. 
 
 gud-gewinn, st. n. contest of battle, 
 battle. 
 
 gud-geatwe, st. f. pi. war-equip- 
 ments, weapons. 
 
 giid-hafoc, st. m. war-hawk, eagle. 
 
 gud-helm, st. m. battle-helmet. 
 
 gud-here, st. m. warlike host, army. 
 
 gud-heard, adj. bold, excellent in 
 battle. 
 
 gud-horn, st. re. battle-horn, trumpet. 
 
 gud-hred, st. m. battle-fame, warlike 
 glory. 
 
 gud-hring? st.m. noise, wail ? B. 1118. 
 (ms. -rinc. See gudrinc.) 
 
 gud-hw3et,a(Z;'.quick,fierce in battle. 
 
 gud-leod, st. n. war-song. 
 
 gud-maecga, w. m. warrior. 
 
 gfid-maga, w. m. warrior. 
 
 gud-mod, adj. courageous in battle, 
 disposed to battle. 
 
 Gfid-myrce, st. pi. the blacks accus- 
 tomed to battle, warlike Ethiopians. 
 
 gud-plega, w. m. war-play, battle. 
 
 gud-raes, st, in. rush, onset of battle, 
 attack, battle. 
 
 gud-reaf, st. n. battle-dress, arms. 
 
 gfid-redw, adj. fierce in battle. 
 
 gud-rinc, st. in. fighter, warrior, hero. 
 
 gud-rof, adj. bold, skillful in battle, 
 renowned. 
 
 gud-scear, st. m. slaughter in battle, 
 defeat. 
 
 gud-sceada, w. m. he who injures 
 through battle, foe. 
 
 gud-sceorp, st. n. warlike ornament 
 or clothing. 
 
 gud-scrud, st. 11. battle-dress. 
 
 gud-sele, st. at. battle-hall, i. e. the 
 hall in which a battle takes place. 
 
 giid-searo, st. n. battle-equipment, 
 arms, armor. 
 
 gud-spell, st. ii. report of the battle, 
 tidings from the war. 
 
 gud-swecrd, st. n. battle-sword. 
 
 gud-pracu,«t/. warlike force, power, 
 
 hostile attack. 
 gud-prgat, st. m. war-band, warlike 
 ' host. 
 gud-wgrig, adj. wearied by battle, 
 
 death-weary, 
 gud-weard, st. m. keeper of the 
 
 battle, leader. 
 giid-weorc, st; n. warlike work or 
 
 deed, 
 gud-wiga, w. m. warrior, fighter of 
 
 battles. 
 giid-wine, st. m. battle-friend, com- 
 rade in battle. 
 gud-wudu, st. m. battle-wood, spear. 
 gyd, gyddian. See gid, giddian. 
 gyden, st.f. goddess. (Ger. gottinn.) 
 gyf, gyfa, gyfan, gyfen, gyfede.gyfl, 
 
 gyft. gyf"- See gif, gifa, gifan, 
 
 geofon or gifen, gifede, gifl, gift, 
 
 gifu. 
 gylan, w. v. to exult, shout, yell. 
 gyld, gyldan. See gild, gildan. 
 gylden, adj. golden, 
 gyllan, gylp, gylpan. See gellan, 
 
 gilp, gilpan. 
 gylt, gelt, gielt, st. m. guilt, trespass, 
 
 sin, wrong. 
 gyltan, giltan, ic. v. 
 
 a-gyltan, to commit a sin, do 
 
 wrong. 
 gyman, gtman, giman, gieman, w.v. 
 
 to bear sorrow foi - , to sorrow, care 
 
 for, to be careful about, observe, 
 
 watch, keep. 
 
 for-gyman, to neglect, slight, 
 
 not to care for. 
 ofer-gyman, the same as above, 
 gym-cyn. See gim-cyn. 
 gyme-lSas, adj. careless, negligent, 
 
 heedless, improvident. 
 gymen, gSmen, st.f. care, solicitude. 
 gyn (gynn), gyman. See gin, 
 
 ginnan. 
 gyrd, gierd, st /. rod, twig. (Ger. 
 
 gerte. ) 
 
gyrdan — haeft 
 
 103 
 
 gyrdan, w. v. to gird, lace, encircle, 
 
 surround. (Ger. giirten.) 
 be-gyrdan, to encircle, gird, 
 
 strengthen, 
 embe-gyrdan, same as above. 
 ge-gyrdaii, the same as above. 
 gyrdels, st m. girdle, belt, zone. 
 
 (Ger. giirtel.) 
 gyrd-wite, st.n. punishment brought 
 
 upon the Egyptians by the rod of 
 
 Moses, afflictions, 
 gyren, st. f. noose, snare, gin. 
 gym, st. m. n. sorrow, mourning, 
 
 sadness, ill, trouble, disquiet, un- 
 
 happiness, injury, calamity. 
 
 gyrnan, w. v. to yearn, desire, de- 
 mand, long for. 
 ge-gyman, the same as above. 
 
 gyrn-stsef, st. m. injury, affliction. 
 
 gyrn-wracu, st /. revenge for harm 
 or for trouble. 
 
 gyrwan, gysel, gyst, gystra, gyt, 
 gyta, gytan. See gerwan, gisel, 
 gaest, geostra, git, gita, gitan. 
 
 gyte, st. m. outstreaming flood. (Ger. 
 guss.) 
 
 gyte-saal, st. m. joy produced by 
 wine. 
 
 gytsian. # See gitsian. 
 
 H 
 
 habban, w. v., pres. ind. sg. 1. 
 hasbbe, hafa, hafo, hafu. — 2. 
 haefst, bafast, bafest. — 3. bafad, 
 haefed, haefd ; —pi. habbad, hseb- 
 bad; — subj. sg. baebbe, haebben; 
 — impei: hafa, habbad; — pret. 
 haefde ;— part, beefed. — l.to have, 
 possess, occupy, comprehend, hold, 
 keep, hold together, assert, main- 
 tain. — 2. auxiliary rb. have. (Ger. 
 Itaben.) 
 
 be-habban, 1. to surround, en- 
 compass, inclose. — 2. to seize hold 
 of, apprehend, understand. 
 
 for-habban, to hold, hold to- 
 gether, hold back, restrain, avoid ; 
 to keep one's self, restrain one's 
 self, contain, refrain, abstain from. 
 
 ge-habban, intrans. to hold, 
 keep firm ground, resist. 
 
 on-habban, to abstain from, 
 hold one's self far from. 
 
 wid-habban, to. flat, to resist, 
 offer resistance, hold out against 
 one. 
 
 wider-habban, to remain, be. 
 
 bSd, st. m. 1. person. — 2. sex. — 3. 
 age, degree, rank, order, condition, 
 dignity; especially ecclesiastical 
 degree, rank, or order. — 4. race, 
 family, tribe, kind.— 5. general des- 
 ignation for beings of one genus or 
 species. — 6. choir; — on hade, in 
 the choir. — 7. shape, form , appear- 
 ance, nature, kind'. — 8. manner. 
 Wald. 2, 21., perhaps to be changed 
 into hand. (Ger. -lieit. ) 
 
 hador. See heador. 
 
 hador, adj. bright, clear, fresh, loud, 
 brilliant. (Ger. hotter.) 
 
 hadre, adv. clearly, brightly, loudly. 
 
 haebbad, hasbbe, hsebben, haeb- 
 bende,hsedre (a<f/\). See habban 
 and hebban, hSdor. [iously. 
 
 haedre, adv. straitly, narrowly, anx- 
 
 hsedre, adv. brightly, clearly, loudly, 
 serenely. 
 
 haef, heaf, st n. sea. (Icel. haf; 
 Dan. liav.) 
 
 hasfde, haefed, haefed, hasfst.hasfen. 
 See habban, hebban 
 
 haeft, st n. haft, handle. 
 
106 
 
 hasft — haadendom 
 
 haeft, st. m. 1. prisoner, captive. — 
 
 2. slave, servant. 
 
 hasft, st. m. 1. fetter, bond. — 2. cap- 
 tivity, bondage, imprisonment. — 
 
 3. pressure, distress, affliction. 
 (Ger. haft.) 
 
 haeftan, heftan, w. v. to make cap- 
 tive, bind, fetter. (Ger. lieften.) 
 
 ge-haeftan, to fetter, bind, take 
 prisoner. 
 
 haefte-clom, st m. fetter. 
 
 haefte-dom, st. m. servitude, slavery. 
 
 haefte-neod, st. f. desire of vexing 
 or of binding (Grein); — custody, 
 prison? (B.-T.). 
 
 haeft-ling, st. m. captive. See helle- 
 haeftling. 
 
 haeft-mece, si. m. sword with a han- 
 dle or hilt. 
 
 hasftnan, -ian, w. v. to capture, seize, 
 take prisoner. 
 
 ge-hasftnan, to fetter, bind. 
 
 haeft-ned, -nyd, st. f. necessity of 
 captivity, thraldom, oppression. 
 
 haefd. See habban. 
 
 hsegan, w. v. 
 
 ge-hasgan, to fight, vex, disturb 
 (Grein); — to surround as with a 
 hedge (B.-T. J. 
 
 haegel, haegl,^t m. hail; — name for 
 the Rune h. 
 
 haege-steald. See hagusteald. 
 
 hasgl-faru, st. f. hailstorm, [storm. 
 
 hasgl-scur, st. m. hail-shower, hail- 
 
 hael, st. n. favorable omen, token of 
 favorable omen. (O. H.Ger. Iwil.) 
 
 haal, st. f. health, happiness, welfare, 
 luck. (0. H. Ger. heili.) 
 
 hael, adj. whole, full, complete. 
 
 hasla. See hela. 
 
 haslan, helan, w. v. to heal, make 
 whole, cure. (Ger. heilen.) 
 ge-haelaii, the same as above. 
 
 kaele, st. m. man. 
 
 haale, w. f. health, welfare, safety. 
 
 hselend, heland, haslynd, part. & 
 snbs. healer, Savior. (Ger. heiland.) 
 
 heeled, heled, st. m. hero, warrior, 
 man, human being. (Ger. held.) 
 
 haeled-helm, st. m. a helmet render- 
 ing the wearer invisible. Gen. 444. 
 
 heels-man (h§ls-), st. m. enchanter? 
 B. 3056 (Grein). (vis. he is manna. ) 
 
 haalu, haslo, hSlo, st. f. health, heal- 
 ing, safety, welfare, luck. 
 
 haelu-bearn, st. n. child of healing, 
 Christ. 
 
 haeman, w. v. to live with, go in unto, 
 to be guilty of or commit sodomy. 
 
 haemed, st. n. sexual intercourse. 
 
 haanied-lac, st. n. sexual intercourse. 
 
 hasn, hen, sf. /. hen. (Ger. henne.) 
 
 hasndu. See hyndu. 
 
 hifer, hgr, st. n. hair. (Ger. liaar.) 
 
 hasr-fest, st. m. harvest, time of 
 harvest, autumn. (Ger. herbst.) 
 
 hasr-lic, hasrian. See hgrlic, h6- 
 rian. 
 
 hsern, st. f. sea, ocean, flood, wave. 
 
 hasrn-flota, w. m. ship. 
 
 haes, st. f. behest, command, order, 
 commission. 
 
 haest, hest, st. f. zeal, violence, ex- 
 ertion, fury, contention. 
 
 haeste, adj. hasty, violent, vehement. 
 
 haest-lice, adv. vehemently, hotly, 
 fiercely. 
 
 haetan, w. v. to heat, make hot. 
 (Ger. heieen.) 
 
 on-hastan, to heat, set afire, 
 kindle, enflame, make hot. 
 
 haetsan, w. v. to strike, hurl? throw? 
 Ea. 4, 5. 
 
 hastte, hasted. See hatan. 
 
 hasttian, w. v. to scalp. 
 
 hiBtu, haeto, st. f. heat, warmth. 
 (Ger. liitze.) 
 
 haed, st. f. heath, hedge, waste, un- 
 tilled land. (Ger. licide.) 
 
 harden, adj. & subs, heathen, pagan, 
 gentile, heathenish. 
 
 haeden-cyning, st. m. heathen king. 
 
 hseden-cynn, st. n. heathen race. 
 
 haeden-dom, st. m. heathendom. 
 
heedenfeoh — handgift 
 
 107 
 
 h£eden-feoh, st. n. heathen sacrifice. 
 
 lueden-gild, -gield, st. n. idol, idol- 
 atry. 
 
 haeden-styTC, st. m. heathen steer, 
 the golden calf. 
 
 hsed-stapa, w. in. that which goes 
 about on the heath, wolf, stag. 
 
 hsewen, adj. blue, azure. 
 
 hafa, hafast, hafad, hafo, hafu. See 
 habban. 
 
 hafenian, w. v. to hold, hold firm, 
 to raise, uplift. 
 
 hafoc, hafola. See heafoc, heafola. 
 
 haga, w. m. (haw), inclosed piece of 
 ground, hedge, farm-inclosure, 
 small farm, court, house. 
 
 hagal, hagol, st. m. hail. (Ger. hagel. ) 
 
 hagol-scur, st. m. hail-shower. 
 
 hagu-, hasg-, haege-steald, st. m. 
 one who lives in another's inclos- 
 ure, liegeman, servant, vassal; 
 youth, bachelor. 
 
 hago-stealdman(haegstealdman)= 
 hagusteald. 
 
 hagu-steald, st n. celibacy. 
 
 Ml, adj. ■whole, sound, healthy, un- 
 hurt, hale. (Ger. heil.) 
 
 haldan, half. See healdan, healf. 
 
 halgian, w. v. to hallow, sanctify, 
 make holy, consecrate. (Ger. 
 heiligen.) 
 
 ge-halgian, 1. to consecrate. — 
 2. to sanctify, keep holy. 
 
 halig, adj. holy. (Ger. heilig.) 
 
 halig-mond, st. m. holy month, Sep- 
 tember. Men. 164. 
 
 halig-nes, st.f. 1. holiness. — 2. sa- 
 cred thing, sanctuary. 
 
 halor, st. m.f n.f safety, salvation. 
 
 hals. See heals. 
 
 hals, heals, st. f. health, safety, sal- 
 vation. 
 
 halsian, healsian, w. v. to entreat 
 earnestly, beseech, implore, con- 
 jure, exorcise. 
 
 halsre. See healsre. 
 
 halsung, st. f. entreaty, request. 
 
 Mls-wurdung, -weordung, st. f. 
 praise and thanksgiving for a 
 blessing received. 
 
 hal-wende, adj. healthy, salutary. 
 
 ham, horn, st. m. dress, garment. 
 
 ham, st. m. home, dwelling-place ; — 
 ace. = adv. home, homeward. (Ger. 
 heim. ) 
 
 harua, homa, w. m. dress, garment. 
 
 hamelian, w. v. to hamble, ham- 
 string, mutilate. 
 
 ham-fasst, adj. resident, permanently 
 at home. 
 
 ham-leas, adj. homeless. 
 
 hamor, homer, st. m. hammer. (Ger. 
 hammer.) 
 
 ham-sittende, part. & subs, sitting 
 at home, home-dwellers. 
 
 ham-weordung, st. f. honor or orna- 
 ment of the home, or of the house. 
 
 hana, w. m. cock. (Ger. hahn.) 
 
 han-ored, st. m. cock-crow, crowing 
 of the cock. 
 
 hand, hond,st/. hand. (Ger. hand.) 
 
 hand-bana, w. m. hand-killer, mur- 
 derer with the hand. 
 
 hand-gemot, st. n. hand-to-hand 
 conflict, battle. 
 
 hand-gesceaft, st. f. a creature 
 formed or fashioned by the hand, 
 Adam. 
 
 hand-gesella,w. m. hand-companion, 
 a comrade close by one. 
 
 hand-, heand-gestealla, w. m. same 
 as above. 
 
 hand-geswing, st. n. swing of the 
 hand, battle. 
 
 hand-geweald, st.f. n. power of the 
 hand, power. 
 
 hand-geweorc, st. n. handiwork, 
 work or deed of the hands. 
 
 hand-gewinn, st. n. fight, labor, 
 pains, contest. 
 
 hand-gewriden, part, wreathed or 
 woven with the hands, hand- 
 wreathed, hand-twisted. 
 
 hand-gift, st.f. n. bridal gift. 
 
108 
 
 handhriue — hebban 
 
 hand-hrine, st. m. hand-touch, touch 
 with the hand. 
 
 hand-lean, st. n. reward through the 
 hand, recompense, retribution. - 
 
 hand-locen, part, joined, united by 
 the hand. [hand. 
 
 hand-rasegen, st. n. strength of the 
 
 hand-plega, w. m. hand-play, con- 
 test with the hands, fighting, en- 
 counter. 
 
 hand-rees, st. m. rush of battle,onset. 
 
 hand-rSf, adj. strong with the hand, 
 renowned for strength. 
 
 hand-scalu, -scolu, st. f. hand- 
 attendance, retinue. 
 
 hand-sciq, st. m. an attack made 
 with the hands ; or a proper name. 
 B. 2076 (Grein); — a glove (B.-T.). 
 
 hand-slyht, st. m. stroke or blow 
 with the hand. 
 
 hand-spor, st. u. hand-spur,, elaw. 
 
 hand-pegen, st. m. immediate at- 
 tendant, servant. 
 
 hand-weorc, st. n. handwork, work 
 or deed of the hands. 
 
 hand-wundor, st. n. wonder done 
 by the hand, wonderful handwork. 
 
 hand-wyrm, st. in. handworm, a 
 kind of worm attending the itch. 
 
 hangen. See lion. 
 
 hangelle, w. f. pendulum. 
 
 hangian, hongian, to. v. to hang, be 
 suspended. 
 
 har, hear, adj. hoar, gray, old. 
 
 har. See haer. 
 
 hard. See heard. 
 
 hSa, adj. hoarse. (Ger. heiser.) 
 
 haau, heasu, adj. gray, ashen, tawny. 
 
 hasu-fag, adj. ash-eolored, grayish. 
 
 haau-pad, adj. having gray feathers, 
 gray-coated. 
 
 haswig-federe, adj. same as above. 
 
 hat, adj. 1. hot, burning, glowing, 
 flaming, fervent, fervid, fierce. — 
 2. warm, dear. (Ger. lieiss.) 
 
 hat, st. n. heat, fire. 
 
 hata, w. m. commander; orderer, 
 ruler, summoner. [Used only in 
 compounds.] 
 
 hatan, st. red. r. pret. heht, het. 
 
 1. to order, bid, command, direct. 
 
 2. to promise, vow. Jul. 53. — 3. 
 to call, name, give a name to. 
 (Ger. lieissen.) 
 
 be-hatan, to promise, vow, 
 
 threaten. 
 for-hatan, to despise, hate; — 
 
 part, weak form forhatena, the 
 
 arch-fiend, devil. 
 
 ge-hatan, 1. to promise, give 
 
 one's word, vow. — 2. to order, bid; 
 
 to call near. — 3. to call, be called, 
 on-hatan, to promise, vow. 
 hatan, w. v. to be named or called. 
 
 (Ger. lieissen.) 
 hate, adv. hotly, fervidly, warmly, 
 hat-heort, adj. hot-hearted, wroth, 
 
 furious, ardent, 
 hat-heortnes, st. f. wrath, anger, 
 
 fury, zeal, 
 hat-hige, st. m. hot-headed thought, 
 
 fury, rage, 
 hatian, w. v. to hate, be an enemy 
 
 to, hurt. (Gei.'lictssen.) 
 hat-wende, adj. hot, burning. 
 hawe, adj. in appearance. [Used 
 
 only in compounds.] 
 he, m., hgo, /., hit, n.; pers. pron. 
 
 he, she, it; in oblique cases re- 
 flexive; — sg. nom. m. h§; /. h§o, 
 
 Mo, Me, M; n. Mt, hyt; gen. m. 
 
 his, hys; /. hire, hyre, Mere; n. 
 
 Ms; dot. m. Mm, hym; /. hire, 
 
 hyre ; n. him ; ace. m. nine, hyne, 
 
 Mene; /. M, hy, Me, heo; n. Mt, 
 • hyt; pi. nom. ace. m. f. n. M, hy, 
 
 Me, heo, Mo, Mg; gen. m. f. n. 
 
 hyra, heora, Mora, Mera; dat. m. 
 
 f. n. Mm, hym, heom, Mom. 
 hebban, hsebban, st. abl. v. TV. to 
 
 heave, lift up, raise, erect exalt. 
 
 (Ger. heben.) 
 
hedan — helleheaf 
 
 109 
 
 a-hebban, to raise, lift from, 
 take away, elevate, exalt, erect, 
 lift up. 
 
 in-hebban, to lift away from, 
 lift up and away. 
 on-hebban, to erect, lift up. 
 
 hedan, ic. v. to heed, guard, protect ; 
 to get possession of, obtain. See 
 also hydan. (Ger. ltiiten.) 
 
 ge-hedan, to get possession of, 
 give, acquire, win. 
 
 hefe, hefed. See hebban. 
 
 hefgan. See hefigian. 
 
 hefig, adj. heavy, weighty, trouble- 
 some. 
 
 hefig, adv. heavily, weightily. 
 
 hefigian, hefigaii, hefgan, «;. v. 1. 
 to molest, afflict. — 2. to become 
 heavy, depressed, weakened. 
 
 ge-hefigian, to burden, oppress, 
 vex, afflict, disquiet, molest. 
 
 hefig-nes, st.f. heaviness, burden, 
 slowness. 
 
 hefon, heftan. See heofon, haeftan. 
 
 hgg. See hlg. 
 
 hegan, w. r. to hedge. (Ger. Tiegen.) 
 ge-hegan, to foster, cherish, en- 
 tertain, practise, do, effect, perfect, 
 carry out. 
 
 hegan, w. r. to exalt, celebrate? 
 Dan. 207. 
 
 hegdig. See hygdig. 
 
 hen, heht, hehd, hehdu. See heah, 
 hyht, hatan, heahdu. 
 
 hel, hell, helle, hyll, st. f. hell. 
 (Ger. liolle.) 
 
 hela, haMa, w. m. heel. 
 
 helan, st. abl. r. II. to conceal, hide, 
 cover. (Ger. helilen.) 
 be-, bi-helan, to cover. 
 for-helan, to hide,cover,conceal. 
 
 helan. See hselan. 
 
 hell-bend, st. m. f. bond or chain of 
 hell. 
 
 hell-crasft, st. m. hellish strength or 
 power, hellish art. 
 
 hel-cwalu, st. f. pains of hell, tor- 
 ment, 
 held. See hyld. 
 heldan (=healdan?), cf. hyldan. 
 be-heldan, to give heed to, ob- 
 serve. 
 hel-dor, st. n. gate of hell. 
 helend, heled. See hcelend, haeled. 
 hel-f iren, st. f. crime of hell. 
 hel-fus, adj. hell ward inclined,bound 
 
 for hell. 
 hel-gebwing, si. n. restraint of hell, 
 hel-heodo, st. f. hall or vault of hell, 
 
 hell. 
 helian, w. v. 
 
 be-, bi-helian, to cover, bury. 
 hell, hell-, helle. See hel and hel-. 
 helle-bealu, st. n. evil, sorrow of 
 
 hell. 
 helle-bryne, st. m. brand of hell, 
 
 hell-fire. 
 helle-ceafl, st. m. jaws of hell, gulf 
 
 of hell, 
 helle-clam, st. m. chain or bond of 
 
 hell. 
 helle-cynn, -cinn, st. n. hellish race, 
 helle-deoful, st. m. n. devil of hell, 
 
 devil. 
 helle-dor, st. n. gate of hell, 
 helle-duru, st.f. same as above. 
 helle-fl6r, st. m. floor of hell, courts 
 
 of hell. 
 helle-fyr, st. n. hell-fire, 
 helle-gast, -gsest, st. m. spirit of 
 
 hell, 
 helle-grund, st: m. abyss, gulf of 
 
 hell, 
 helle-gryre (hylle-), st. m. hellish 
 
 horror, 
 helle-kasft, st. m. captive or servant 
 
 of hell, 
 helle-hasfta, w. m. same as above, 
 helle-haeftling, st. m. captive or 
 
 servant of hell, devil, 
 helle-heaf, st. m. wailings or howl- 
 
 ings of hell. 
 
110 
 
 hellehinca — hereoambol 
 
 helle-hinca, w. m. hell-limper, devil. 
 
 helle-hus, st. n. hell-house. 
 
 heUe-nld, st. m. torments of hell. 
 
 helle-scealo, st. m. servant, slave 
 of hell. 
 
 helle-sceada, w. m. hellish enemy, 
 devil. 
 
 helle-sead, st. m. hell-pit or pool, 
 hell. 
 
 helle-pegen, st. m. devil. 
 
 helle-wite, st. m. torment of hell. 
 
 helm, st. m. 1. protection, guard, 
 covering affording protection. — 
 2. helm, helmet. — 3. crown, dia- 
 dem. — 4. protection, protector, de- 
 fender, shield (God, Christ, and 
 earthly lord), covering. (Ger. 
 helm.) 
 
 helman, ir. if. ef. hylman. 
 
 be-helman, to cover over, cover. 
 ofer-helman,to cover over,over- 
 shadow. 
 
 helm-berend, part. & subs, helmet- 
 wearer, warrior. 
 
 helmian, w. v. to draw over, cover, 
 bi-helmian, to cover over, cover. 
 
 helo, st. f. covering, equipment. 
 B. 2723. (Leo.) 
 
 helo. See hselo. 
 
 help, st. f. help, suecor, aid, sup- 
 port. (Ger. hiilfe.) 
 
 lielpan, st. abl. v. I. to help, aid, 
 assist, support. (Ger. ltelfcn.) 
 a-helpan, the same as above. 
 
 helpe, w. f. help. 
 
 lielpend, part. & subs, helper. 
 
 hel-runa, w. m. sorcerer, hellish 
 monster. 
 
 hels-. See haelsman. 
 
 hel-sceada, w. m. hellish enemy, 
 fiend, devil. 
 
 hel-trsef, st. n. devil's temple. An. 
 1693. 
 
 hel-trega, to. m. torment of hell. 
 
 hel-waran, w. m. pi. inhabitants of 
 hell. 
 
 hel-waru, st. f. hell's population, 
 hen, henari. See hsen, hynan. 
 hendan, w. v. 
 
 ge-hendan, to seize, hold, 
 hgng. See hon. 
 hengest, st. m. stallion, horse. (Ger. 
 
 Jiengst. ) 
 hentan, to. v. to follow anything 
 
 vigorously in order to get it again, 
 
 to seek after, follow, pursue. 
 ge-hentan, to get by hunting 
 
 after, to seize, lay hold of. 
 hend, hendu. See hynd, hynd'u. 
 he"r, adv. 1. here (that is, in this 
 
 world, in this land). — 2. hither, 
 
 to this place. — 3. in this year. 
 
 (Ger. Mer.) 
 hgr. See hser. 
 hSr, adj. noble, elevated, sacred. 
 
 (Ger. hehr.) 
 hera, w. m. one who belongs to 
 
 another, servant, vassal, follower, 
 heran. See hgrian and hyran. 
 hgr-buend, part. & subs, here (in 
 
 this world) dwelling, inhabitant 
 
 of earth, 
 her-cyme, st. m. hither-coming, ad- 
 vent. 
 herd. See heord. 
 herdan, w. v. to harden, make hard. 
 
 Cf. hyrdan. 
 herde. See hirde. 
 here, st. m. army, troops, band, host, 
 
 multitude. (Ger. Iieer.) 
 here, h^re, st. f. dignity, majesty. 
 
 (0. H. Ger. Mre.) 
 here-blead, adj. timid, cowardly, 
 
 panic-stricken. 
 here-broga, w. m. terror of the army, 
 
 fear of war. 
 here-byme, w. f. war-trumpet, sack- 
 but, [let. 
 here-byrne, w. f. coat-of-mail,corse- 
 here-combol, st. n. army-standard, 
 
 battle-flag (Grein) ; — war-signal, 
 
 battle-cry (B.-T.). 
 
herecirm — herstan 
 
 111 
 
 here-cinn, st. m. noise of battle, 
 war-cry. 
 
 liere-cist, -cyst, st /. division of an 
 army, cohort. 
 
 here-f§da, w. m. a troop on foot, 
 infantry. 
 
 here-feld, st. m. battlefield, field. 
 
 here-flyma, w. in. a fleeing warrior, 
 deserter from battle. 
 
 here-folc, st. n. army-folk, army. 
 
 here-fugol, st. to. any bird that fol- 
 lows an army,eagle,vulture,raven. 
 
 here-geatu, st. f. war-equipments. 
 
 here-grima, w. m. battle-mask, hel- 
 met with visor. 
 
 here-hlod, st. f. war-host, troop. 
 
 here-hud, st. f. booty taken in war, 
 spoil, plunder. 
 
 here-laf , st. f. remains of an army. 
 
 here-msecg, st. m. warrior, fighter. 
 
 here-masgen, st. n. a warlike force, 
 multitude, assembly of the people. 
 
 here-medel, st. n. council, assembly 
 of the people. 
 
 here-nes, -nis, -nys, st. f. praise. 
 
 here-net, st. n. war-net, coat-of-mail. 
 
 here-nld, sf. to. battle-enmity, battle. 
 
 here-pad, st. f. battle-dress, coat-of- 
 mail, armor. 
 
 here-pad, st. m. military road, way, 
 road. 
 
 here-rseswa, w. m. warrior. 
 
 here-reaf, st. n. booty, plunder. 
 
 here-rinc, st. m. warrior,fighter,hero. 
 
 here-sceaft, st. to. battle-shaft, shaft 
 of a spear, spear. 
 
 here-sceorp, st.n .warlike ornament. 
 
 here-sid, st to. warlike expedition, 
 march. 
 
 here-spe'd, st. f. success in war. 
 
 here-strael, st m. arrow, missile. 
 
 here-strset, st.f. public way, military 
 road. 
 
 here-swgg, st m. noise or rejoicing 
 of the armed host. 
 
 here-syrce, w. f. battle-sark, shirt- 
 of-mail. 
 
 here-tSma, -tyma,ic.m. army-leader, 
 
 general, king, emperor. 
 here-team, st m. 1. plunder, spoils 
 
 of war. — 2. warlike expedition, 
 
 plundering, predatory excursion. 
 
 An. 1553. 
 here-toga, w. to. duke, leader of ah 
 
 army, general. (Ger. herzog.) 
 liere-preat, st m. company, cohort, 
 
 band, 
 here-wsed, st. f. war-weed, coat-of- 
 mail. 
 here-waspen, st n. war-weapon. 
 here-waesma, w. to. fierce strength 
 
 in war. B. 667. 
 here-waeda, w. m. warlike hunter. 
 here-weorc, st n. war-work, battle. 
 here-wic, st n. camp, encampment. 
 here-wlsa, w. m. leader of the army. 
 here-wop, st. m. weeping or cries of 
 
 the army. 
 here-w6sa,ic.m.army-leader(Gi'ein); 
 
 one who is fierce in fight, warrior ? 
 
 (B.-T.) 
 here-wulf, st to. war- wolf ; warlike, 
 
 cruel enemy, warrior. 
 herga, hergas. See here, hearg. 
 herge, hergea, hergeas, hergum 
 
 See here, 
 hergian, w. v. to harry, lay waste, 
 
 devastate. (Ger. verlieeren.) 
 herh-eard. See heargeard. [pise. 
 herian, herigean, w. v. to mock, des- 
 herian, hergan, hergian, haerian, 
 
 heran, w. v. to praise, give praise 
 
 to, glorify, commend; — with ref- 
 erence to God, to adore. 
 a-herian, to praise fully? Hy. 
 
 3, 10. 
 
 ge-herian,to praise,laud,glorify. 
 herige, heriges, herigum, herig- 
 
 weard. See here, hearg, hearg- 
 
 weard. 
 her-llo (hser-), adj. praiseworthy, 
 
 glorious, excellent. (Ger. herrlieh.) 
 herm, herra. See hearm, hearra. 
 herstan. See hyrstan. 
 
112 
 
 herwan — hgah 
 
 herwan, hyrwan, hirwan, w. v. to 
 
 neglect, scorn, flespise, "blaspheme. 
 ge-hyrwan, the same as above. 
 
 he"st, hgt. See hcest, hatan. 
 
 hetan, w. v. 
 
 and-hetan, to confess. 
 
 bete, st. m. hate, enmity, hostility, 
 envy, malice, spite. (Cer. liass.) 
 
 hete-grim, adj. cruel, fierce, 
 
 hete-lic, adj. hateful, hated. (Ger. 
 hasslich. ) 
 
 hetend. See hettend. 
 
 hete-nid, st. m. enmity full of hate, 
 hostility. 
 
 hete-rof, adj. skilled in hating, very 
 hateful. 
 
 hete-run, st. f. a Rune which pro- 
 duces hate. Ra. 34, 7. 
 
 hete-spreec, st. f. malicious speech, 
 hostile talk. 
 
 hete-sweng, st. m. hostile blow, 
 chastisement. 
 
 hete-panc, st. m. hostile thought or 
 design. 
 
 hete-poncol, adj. hostilely disposed. 
 
 hetlen, adj. full of hate, hostile, ma- 
 lignant. 
 
 hettend, hetend, part. & subs, en- 
 emy. 
 
 hSa (= h§o, hie), nom. pi. of he". 
 
 hga,h§a-burg. See he"ah,heahburg. 
 
 hea-dun. See hgah and dun. 
 
 heador. See- heador. 
 
 heaf, st. m. wailing, mourning, lam- 
 entation. 
 
 heafan, st. red. v. to weep, mourn, 
 lament, wail. 
 
 hea-feeder. See hgahfseder. 
 
 heafdian, w. v. 
 
 be-heafdian, to behead. (Cf. 
 Ger. enthaupten.) 
 
 heafo. See hsef. 
 
 heafoc, hafoc, hafuc, st. m. hawk. 
 (Ger. habicht.) 
 
 heafod, heafud, st. m. n. head. 
 (Ger. haupt.) 
 
 heafod-beorh, st. f. head-defense, 
 protection for the head. 
 
 heafod-beorht, adj. with a splendid, 
 shining head. 
 
 heafod-gerim, st. n. (certain) number 
 of persons. 
 
 heafod-gim, st. m. gem of the head, 
 eye. 
 
 heafod-gold, st. n. head-gold, dia- 
 dem, crown. 
 
 heafod-leas, adj. headless. 
 
 heafod-meeg, st. m. head kinsman, 
 very near relation. 
 
 heafod-maga, «-. m. same as above. 
 
 heafod-swima, w. m. swimming of 
 the head, drunkenness. 
 
 heafod-syn, -sien, st. f. sight of the 
 head, eyes. 
 
 heafod-weard, st. m. head-warder, 
 chief watch or lord. 
 
 heafod-wisa, w. m. head-leader, 
 chief director. 
 
 heafod-wSd, st. f. voice of the head. 
 
 heafod-wybn, st. m. tears. 
 
 heafola, hafola, -ela, -ala, w. m. 
 head. 
 
 hgah, hea, heh, adj. 1. high, tall, 
 sublime, lofty. — 2. high, lofty, 
 noble, excellent, illustrious, impor- 
 tant, weighty, heavy. — 3. high- 
 minded, proud. (Ger. hoch.) 
 
 hgah, hga, adv. high. 
 
 heah-beorh, st. m. a high hill or 
 mountain. 
 
 hgah-bliss,s£./. exultation,rejoicing. 
 
 heah-boda, w. m. archangel. 
 
 hgah-, hea-burh, st. f. high city, 
 first city of a country, metropolis. 
 
 heah-casere, st. m. high ruler, high- 
 est emperor. 
 
 heah-clif (pi. cleofu), st. n. high 
 cliff, lofty rack. 
 
 heah-craeft, st. m. superior art, ex- 
 cellent skill. 
 
 h'gah-cyning, st. m. high king, most 
 noble of kings, king of kings. 
 
 heah-, hSh-engel, st. m. archangel. 
 
heah — healdan 
 
 113 
 
 heah-, h6a-, hgh-faeder, st. m. pa- 
 triarch, 
 heah-f asst , adj. immutable, unchange- 
 able, fixed. 
 heah-flod, st. m. high tide, the deep 
 
 (of the flood), 
 heah-frea, w. w. highest, most noble 
 
 lord. 
 h6ah-fyr, st. n. lofty flame, 
 heah-gcest, st. m. Holy Ghost, 
 hgah-gesceaft, st.f. high creature. 
 hgah-gesceap, st. «. destiny fixed 
 
 by the Highest ; fate, destiny. 
 h§ah-gestreon, st. n. excellent, 
 
 splendid treasure, rich jewels, 
 heah-getimbrad, part.- adj. nobly, 
 
 magnificently built. 
 h§ah-getimbru, st. n.pl. lofty edifice, 
 
 grand building. 
 heah-gepring, st. n. force or press 
 
 of the lofty waves, flood, breakers. 
 heah-geweorc, st. n. noble, excellent 
 
 work, 
 heah-gealdor, st. n. incantation, 
 
 magic word. 
 heah-gnomung, st. f. great sighing 
 
 or groaning. 
 heah-god, st. m. the high God, Most 
 
 High. 
 heah-heort, adj. high-minded, proud* 
 heah-hlid, -hleod, -hliod, st. n. high, 
 
 lofty hill. 
 heah-land, st. n. high land, moun- 
 tainous country. 
 heah-lic. See healic. 
 hSah-lufe,H\/. high love, great love. 
 heah-maegen, st. n. high strength, 
 ■ power, virtue. 
 
 heah-miht, st. f. supreme power, 
 heah-mod, adj. 1. of high spirits, 
 
 joyous, courageous, lofty-minded. 
 
 2. high-minded, proud. 
 heah-nama, w. m. most excellent 
 
 name. 
 h§ah-, hga-nes, -nis, hean-nes, st. f. 
 
 hight, liighest point, sublimity, 
 
 excellence. 
 
 he'ah-rBeced.stJi.high house,temple. 
 
 heah-rodoi, st. m. lofty sky, high 
 firmament. 
 
 heah-sa?, st. f. high sea, deep sea. 
 
 heah-scel. st. f. favorable opportu- 
 nity, good fortune, luck. 
 
 heah-seld (hgh-), st. ti. high seat, 
 throne. 
 
 heah-sele, st m. high hall, first hall 
 in the land, hall of the ruler. 
 
 heah-setl, st. «. high seat, throne. 
 
 heah-stede, st. m. high place, ruler's 
 place. 
 
 heah-stefn, adj. having a high prow, 
 high-prowed. 
 
 heah-steap, adj. very high, steep. 
 
 heah-strengdu, st. f. strength, brav- 
 ery. 
 
 heah-timber, st n. lofty building. 
 
 hSah-tr§ow, st /. high compact, 
 solemn league. 
 
 heah-, heh-pegen, st m. angel. 
 
 heah-pegnung, st /. high service, 
 illustrious office. 
 
 heah-pearf, st /. great need, neces- 
 sity. 
 
 h6ah-prga, w. m. great terror, afflic- 
 tion, punishment. 
 
 hSah-brym, st m. great glory. 
 
 hgah-brymnes, st /. great glory. 
 
 heahdu, hghdu, hehd, hiehdo, st /. 
 hight, point, top, summit. 
 
 heah-pungen, part. adj. noble, well- 
 born, illustrious. 
 
 heah-weorc, st n. high, lofty work. 
 
 heal, heall, st.f. hall, main apart- 
 ment, large building. 
 
 heal-aern, st n. hall-building,castle. 
 
 healdan, haldan, st red. v. 1. to 
 hold, hold fast, uphold, support, 
 have in custody. — 2. to have in 
 one's power,* hold, have, own, pos- 
 sess, occupy, inhabit. — 3. to wateh 
 over, protect, guard, defend ; keep, 
 preserve, observe, fulfill, perform, 
 hold, assert, retain; to celebrate, 
 observe; to hold, cherish. — 4. to 
 
114 
 
 healdend — h6ar 
 
 rule, direct. — 5. to reach forth, 
 offer, furnish, give. — 6. to hold 
 out, last. (Ger. halten.) 
 
 an-healdan, to preserve, hold, 
 maintain. 
 
 be-, bi-healdan, 1. to hold, have, 
 possess, occupy, inhabit. — 2. to 
 hold upright, preserve, protect, 
 defend, guard, take care of, attend 
 to, cherish. — 3. to look at, behold, 
 consider, observe, view. 
 
 for-healdan, to hold in dishonor, 
 disregard, treat slightingly, despise, 
 fall away from, rebel. 
 
 ge-healdan, 1. to hold with the 
 hands, hold fast. — 2. to hold, 
 maintain, preserve, watch over, 
 guard. — 3. to hold, possess, oc- 
 cupy, rule. — 4. to hold, keep, ob- 
 serve, hold on, persist in. — 5. w. 
 predicate adj.'or part, to hold, keep, 
 preserve. — 6. reflex, to hold one's 
 self to, guard one's self. 
 
 ymb-healdan, to hold on all 
 sides, contain. 
 
 healdend, part.& subs, holder, watch, 
 keeper, dweller, inhabitant, king, 
 lord, God. 
 
 healf, half, adj. half. (Ger. liatt.) 
 
 healf, st.f. 1. the half, a part. — 2. 
 side. (Ger. lialbe.) 
 
 healf-cwic, adj. half-quick, half- 
 dead. 
 
 healf-weard, st. m. sharer in rule or 
 in possession. 
 
 heal-gamen, st. n. hall-joy, social 
 enjoyment in the hall. 
 
 hea-lic, adj. 1. high. — 2. noble, ex- 
 cellent, distinguished. — 3. high- 
 flown, proud, haughty. 
 
 hea-llce, adv. highly, loftily, excel- 
 lently. 
 
 heall, heall-. See heal, heal-. 
 
 heahn, st. m. haulm, straw, stalk of 
 grass, stem. (Ger. halm.) 
 
 heal-reced, st. n. hall-building, hall. 
 
 heals, hals, st. m. 1. neck. — 2. prow 
 of a ship. (Ger. hals.) 
 
 heals. See Mis. 
 
 heals-bSag, st. m. neck-ring, collar. 
 
 heals-fsest, adj. stiff-necked, ob- 
 stinate. 
 
 heals-gebedda, w. f. beloved bed- 
 fellow, wife. 
 
 healsian. See halsian. 
 
 heal-sittende, part, sitting in the 
 hall. 
 
 heals-maeged, st.f. maid whose neck 
 a man embraces, beloved maid. 
 
 healsre-, halsre-feder, st. f. neck- 
 feather, down. 
 
 heals-wrida, w. m. chain for the 
 neck, necklace. 
 
 healt, adj. halt, limping. 
 
 heal-pegen, st. m. hall-thane, one 
 who is acquainted with or occu- 
 pies the hall. 
 
 heal-wudu, st. m. hall-wood, frame, 
 woodwork, paneling, &c, of a hall. 
 
 hSan, w. v. to lift up, magnify, exalt. 
 (Ger. erhohen.) 
 
 hean, adj. depressed, downcast, poor, 
 miserable, abject, low, despised, 
 rejected. (Goth, hauns.) [la. 
 
 heand-gestealla. See handgesteal- 
 
 heane, adv. lowly, basely, ignomin- 
 iously. 
 
 h§a-nes, -nis. See heahnis. 
 
 hean-lic, adj. base, ignominious. 
 
 hean-lice, adv. lowly, basely, miser- 
 ably, disgracefully. 
 
 hgan-m6d, adj. downcast or de- 
 pressed in spirits, sad, sorrowful. 
 
 heanne, heamies. See heali, hean, 
 heahnis. 
 
 hean-spedig, adj. having poor suc- 
 cess, poor. 
 
 heap. See haep. 
 
 heap, st. m.f. (Sat. 87), heap, mul- 
 titude, crowd, troop, band, army; 
 body of men, assembly. (Ger. 
 liavfe.) 
 
 hear, hgara, gen. pi. See har, hgah. 
 
heard — headubyrne 
 
 115 
 
 heard, adj. 1. hard, of natural hard- 
 ness. — 2. bold, brave, able, skillful, 
 strong, efficient in war. — 3. hard, 
 hardened; hard-hearted, unmerci- 
 ful. — 4. hard, harsh, severe, stern, 
 rough, obstinate, cruel, impetuous, 
 terrible; hard to bear. (Ger. 
 hart.) 
 
 heard-cwide, st. m. sharp word, 
 abuse. 
 
 hearde, adv. 1. hardly, severely, vig- 
 orously, vehemently, rashly, fierce- 
 ly. — 2. firmly, closely, narrowly. — 
 3. very, very much, exceedingly. 
 
 heard-ecg, adj. sharp-edged, hard 
 of edge. 
 
 heard-fyrde, adj. hard to bear away, 
 heavy. 
 
 heard-hyogende, part. & adj. of a 
 bold disposition, brave, warlike. 
 
 hearding, st. m. bold man, hero. 
 
 heard-lic, adj. hard, severe, rash, 
 impetuous, dire, terrible, heavy. 
 
 heard-lice, adv. hardly, severely, 
 sharply, vehemently, very, very 
 much. 
 
 heard-mdd, adj. of a brave or bold 
 mind, stout-hearted. 
 
 heard-reed, adj. firm of counsel, 
 constant. 
 
 heard-seelig, adj. unhappy. 
 
 hearg, hearh, herg, herig, st. m. 1. 
 grove, wood. — 2. grove sacred to 
 the gods, temple, idol, (leel.horgr; 
 O. H. Ger. harue, haruch.) 
 
 hearh-, herh-eard, st. m. a dwelling 
 in the wood. 
 
 hearh-traef, st. n. a temple for idols, 
 heathen temple. 
 
 hearh-, herig-weard, st. m. guardian 
 of the temple. 
 
 hearm, herm, st. m. 1. harm, sorrow, 
 affliction.— 2. loss, hurt, injury, 
 misfortune, misery, evil. — 3. harm- 
 ful, biting speech, insult. (Ger. 
 harm.) 
 
 hearm, herm, adj. causing harm or 
 sorrow, hurtful, sharp, biting, ma- 
 lignant, malicious. 
 
 hearm-cwalu, st. f. great suffering. 
 
 hearm-cwedend (herm-), part. & 
 subs, calumniator, evil-speaker. 
 
 hearm-cwide, -cwyde, st. m. hurt- 
 ful speech, calumny, blasphemy, 
 curse. 
 
 hearm-edwit, st. n. grievous, cutting 
 reproach. 
 
 hearm-leod, st. n. elegy, lamenta- 
 tion, song of sorrow. 
 
 hearm-loca, w. m. place of sadness, 
 hell, prison. 
 
 hearm-plega, w. m. painful play, 
 fight, strife. 
 
 hearm-soearu, st. f. what is imposed 
 as a punishment or penalty. 
 
 hearm-sceada, -scada, w. m. sorrow 
 or injury bringing enemy, grievous 
 enemy. 
 
 hearm-slege, st. m. hurtful, grievous 
 blows. 
 
 hearm-stsef, si. m. the cause of sor- 
 row, loss, affliction, tribulation. 
 
 hearm-tan, st. m. twig of sorrow, 
 germ of misfortune. 
 
 hearpe, w. f. harp, cittern. (Ger. 
 harfe. ) 
 
 hearpere, st. m. harper. 
 
 hearra, herra, hierra, heorra, w. m. 
 lord, master. 
 
 hearsum. See hyrsum. 
 
 heador, heador, hador, st. n. place 
 of deposit, safe-keeping, recep- 
 tacle, warehouse, depot. 
 
 headorian, w. v. 
 
 ge-headorian, to shut in, force, 
 press in, confine, control, com- 
 press. 
 
 headu, heado, battle, fight. [Used 
 only in compounds.] 
 
 headu (= heahdu?), st. f. deep sea, 
 high waves. 
 
 headu-byrne, w.f. battle-mail, coat- 
 of-mail. 
 
116 
 
 headudeor — heofonleoht 
 
 headu-dSor, adj. daring, brave in 
 battle. 
 
 headu-fremmende,^>art. giving bat- 
 tle, fighting. 
 
 headu-fyr, st. n. battle-fire, fiery- 
 breath. 
 
 headu-geong, adj. young and war- 
 like. 
 
 headu-glem, st. in. wound in battle, 
 wound. 
 
 headu-grim, adj. grim, fierce in 
 battle. 
 
 headu-helm, st. m. battle-helmet. 
 
 headu-lac, st. h. war-play, battle. 
 
 he"adu-lldend, ^>art. & subs, seafarer, 
 sailor. 
 
 beadu-lind, st. f. shield of linden- 
 wood, war-shield. 
 
 headu-maere, adj. renowned in war. 
 
 headu-rees, st. m. rush of battle, 
 attack. 
 
 headu-reaf, st. n. battle-dress, coat- 
 of-mail. 
 
 headu-rinc, st. m. battle-hero, war- 
 rior, [tie. 
 
 headu-r6f, adj. bold, skillful in bat- 
 
 headu-sceard, adj. scarred in battle, 
 cut to pieces in battle. 
 
 headu-sgoc, -sloe, adj. battle-sick, 
 wounded. 
 
 hgadu-sigel, st. m. sun rising out 
 of the sea. Ea. 72, 16. 
 
 headu-steap, adj. high in battle, 
 commanding in battle, lofty. 
 
 headu-swat, st m. blood shed in 
 battle. 
 
 headu-sweng, st. m. battle-stroke, 
 blow of the sword. [tie. 
 
 headu-torht, adj. loud, clear in bat- 
 
 headu-Wced, st. f. battle-dress,shirt- 
 of-mail. 
 
 headu-waehn, -welm, -wylm, st. m. 
 battle-wave; fierce, deadly flame- 
 wave, surging flames. 
 
 headu-w§rig, adj. battle-weary. 
 
 headu-weorc, st. n. battle-work, 
 battle. 
 
 heawan, st. red. v. to hew, cut, 
 strike, smite. (Ger. hauen.) 
 a-heawan, to hew off, cut off. 
 be-, bi-heawan, to cut off, rob 
 or deprive of by cutting off. 
 
 for-heawan, to hew or cut in 
 
 pieces, cut down, kill by hacking. 
 
 ge-heawan, to hew, cut, cleave. 
 
 hgo. See he", hiw. 
 
 heo-daeg, adv. to-day. (Ger. liettte.) 
 
 lieof, st. m. lamentation, wailing, 
 mourning. 
 
 heofan, hiofan, w. v. to lament, wail, 
 howl, mourn. 
 
 heofod ?= heafod ? Gn. Ex. 68. 
 
 heofon, hiofon, hefon, -un, -en, 
 st. m. heaven. (Goth, liimins; 
 Ger. himmel.) 
 
 heofon, st.f. lamentation, mourning. 
 
 heofon-beacen, st. n. heavenly sign, 
 token. 
 
 heofon-beorht, adj. heavenly bright, 
 glorious. 
 
 heofon-byme.jc ./.heaven's trumpet. 
 
 heofon-candel, -oondel, st. f. heav- 
 en's candle, heavenly light, col- 
 umn of fire, sun and moon, stars. 
 
 heofon-col, st. «. a heavenly coal, 
 heat of the sun. 
 
 heofon-cund,arf;'.celestial,heavenly. 
 
 heofon-cyning, st. m. heaven's king. 
 
 heofon-dgma, w. m. heaven's ruler. 
 
 heofon-dream, st. m. heaven's joys. 
 
 heofon-dugud, st. f. heavenly host. 
 
 heofon-engel, st. m. angel of heaven. 
 
 keofon-fugol, si. m. bird under 
 heaven, bird, fowl of the air. 
 
 heofon-halig.atfj.holy and heavenly. 
 
 heofon-ham, st. m. heavenly home. 
 
 heofon-keah, adj. high as heaven, 
 sublime. 
 
 heofon-hlaf, st. m. bread of heaven. 
 
 heofon-hrof, st. m. heaven's roof, 
 heaven. 
 
 heofon-hwealf, st. f. heaven's vault. 
 
 heofon-16oht, st. n. heaven's light. 
 
heofoiileorna — heordweoi-ud 
 
 117 
 
 heofon-leonia, w. m. heaven's splen- 
 dor, sun. 
 
 heofon-lic, adj. heavenly. (Cf . Ger. 
 himmlisch.) 
 
 heofon-msegen, st. n. heavenly 
 strength: — used with reference 
 both to God and to the heavenly 
 hosts. 
 
 heofon-rlce.st n. heavenly kingdom. 
 (Cf. Ger. himmelreich.) 
 
 heofon-steorra, w. m. star of heaven. 
 
 heofon-stol, st. m. heaven's throne. 
 
 heofon-timber, st ((.heavenly build- 
 ing, heaven. 
 
 heofon-torht, adj. heavenly bright, 
 glorious. 
 
 heofon-tungol, st. n. star of heaven, 
 constellation, heavenly body. 
 
 heofon-prSat, st m. heaven's army. 
 
 heofoii-prym, st. m. heavenly glory, 
 heavenly majesty. 
 
 heofbn-waru, st. f. inhabitants of 
 heaven. 
 
 heofon-weard, st. m. heaven's keep- 
 er, God. 
 
 heofon-wolcen, st. n. cloud of heav- 
 en, heaven's welkin. 
 
 heofon-woma, w. m. resounding 
 crash of heaven. 
 
 heofon-wuldor.st n. heavenly glory. 
 
 heof-, heow-sid, st. m. sorrowful, 
 mournful fate; sad condition. 
 
 heofun, heofun. See heofon, hiofon. 
 
 heolfor, st. n. blood, gore, putrid or 
 festering blood. 
 
 heolfrig, adj. bloody. 
 
 heolod-cyn, st. n. inhabitants of the 
 lower world. 
 
 heolod-helm, st. m. helmet render- 
 ing the wearer invisible. Wal. 45. 
 
 heolstor, adj. dark, shadowy. 
 
 heolstor.gtH. covering, hiding-place, 
 lurking-place, cavern, darkness. 
 (Goth, hulistr.) 
 
 heolstor-cofa, w. m. covered resting- 
 place, grave. 
 
 I heolstor-hof, st. n. dark dwelling, 
 
 hell. 
 j heolstor-loca, w. m. prison, cell. 
 [ heolstor-sceadu, st. f. darkness. 
 I heolstor-scuwa, w. m. darkness. 
 
 heona, liiona, adv. hence, from here. 
 
 heonau, hionan, -on, -un, adv. hence, 
 from here, from now on. 
 
 heonaiie, heonone, adv. from here, 
 hence. 
 
 heoiian-sid, st. m. departure from 
 here, death. 
 
 heonan-weard, adj. receding, pass- 
 ing away. 
 
 heopian, ir. v. 
 
 be-heopian, to rob, deprive of. 
 Gen. 2644. 
 
 heor, st. m. f. hinge of a door. 
 
 heordan, w. v. 
 
 a-heordan, to free from captiv- 
 ity? B. 2930. 
 
 lieord, herd, hyrd, st. f. 1. guard, 
 protection, keeping. — 2. flock, 
 herd. — 3. family, household. (Ger. 
 lieerde.) 
 
 heorde. See hirde. 
 
 heore, More, hyre,hire,arfj. 1. pleas- 
 ant, not haunted, secure. — 2. gen- 
 tle, mild, obedient. — 3. pure, clean, 
 spotless. 
 
 heoro. See heoru. 
 
 heorot, heort, st. m. stag, hart, 
 Heorot. (Ger. hirscli.) 
 
 heorra. See hearra. 
 
 heort, adj. high-minded, judicious t 
 Ps. 118, 2. 
 
 heorte, hiorte, w. f. heart. (Ger. 
 lierz.) 
 
 heort-lufe, w. f. heart-love, hearty 
 love. 
 
 heord, st. m. hearth. (Ger. herd.) 
 
 heard-geneat, st. m. hearth-compan- 
 ion,follower who shares the hearth 
 of his lord. 
 
 heord-weorud, -werod, st n. house- 
 hold sharing the same hearth, fam- 
 ily, servants, retainers. 
 
118 
 
 heoru — hildegrap 
 
 beoru, heoro, hioro, st. m. sword. 
 (Goth, liairus.) 
 
 heoru-blac, adj. pale from sword- 
 strokes, mortally wounded. 
 
 heoru-cumbol, st. n. standard of 
 war, ensign. 
 
 heoru-dolg, st. n. sword- wound, 
 deadly wound. 
 
 heoru-drSor,st m. sword-blood,gore. 
 
 heoru-drgorig, adj. bloody. 
 
 heoru-drync, st. m. the sword's 
 drink, blood which follows the 
 sword out of the wound. 
 
 heoru-faedm.si. m. sword's embrace, 
 death-bringing embrace. 
 
 heoru-gifre, adj. greedy to destroy, 
 eager for hostile inroads. 
 
 heoru-greedig, adj. bloodthirsty, 
 greedy for blood. 
 
 heoru-grim, adj. very fierce or cruel, 
 savage. 
 
 heoru-h6ciht,arZj. sharp like a sword, 
 supplied with sharp, cutting hooks, 
 barbed. 
 
 heoru-seearp,<w7/.exceedingly sharp. 
 
 heora-sceorp, st. n. war equipments. 
 
 heoru-serce, w. f. coat-of-mail, war- 
 shirt. 
 
 heoru-sweng, st. m. blow of the 
 sword, sword-stroke. 
 
 heoru-swealwe, w. f. falcon, hawk. 
 
 heoru-wsepen, st. n. war-weapon, 
 sword. 
 
 heoru-weallende, part, fiercely 
 
 boiling, raging. 
 heoru-wearh, st. m. bloodthirsty 
 wolf (Grein); — he who is sword- 
 cursed, who is destined to die by 
 the sword (H.-S.). 
 heoru-word, st. n. cutting word, 
 
 hurtful speech. 
 heoru-wulf, st. m. sword-wolf, war- 
 rior, 
 heoct, st. f. vaulted part of the hall 
 where the dais sits (Grein); — 
 room, hall (B.-T.). 
 heow. See hlw 
 
 heowan. See hebfan. 
 heowian. See hiwian. 
 h6ow-sid. See hebfsid. 
 hi, Me, hicgean, hidan. See he, 
 
 hycgaii, hydan. 
 hider, bider, hyder, adv. hither, 
 hider-cyme, st. m. arrival, coming, 
 
 advent, 
 big. See h§. 
 
 big, beg, hio, st. ». bay. (Ger. lieu.) 
 bige. See byge. 
 
 hi-, hy-gedriht, st. f. band of house- 
 hold retainers, 
 higian.icy.to bie,heed,strive,hasten. 
 ofer-bigiau, to strive to surpass, 
 
 to surpass, excel, exceed, 
 bigora, w. m. jay, woodpecker. (O.H. 
 
 Ger. hehara.) 
 hibt, bibtan, hild. See hyht, 
 
 byhtan, byld. 
 hild, st. f. battle, fight, combat. (0. 
 
 H. Ger. hilt.) 
 hild-bedd, st. n. war-bed, deathbed, 
 hilde-bill, st. n. battle-sword, 
 hilde-bord, at. n. battle-shield, 
 hilde-calla, w. m. war-herald, one 
 
 who calls the troops to battle. 
 hilde-cordor, st. n. war-host, war- 
 like band, 
 hilde-cyst, st. f. excellence in war, 
 
 warlike valor, 
 hilde-deoful, st. n. demon, devil. 
 hilde-dgor, adj. daring in battle, 
 
 brave in war. 
 hilde-freca. See hildfreca. 
 hilde-frofor, st. f. help for battle, 
 
 weapon? sword? 
 hilde-gaest, -giest, st.m. battle-guest, 
 
 enemy. 
 hild-egesa, w. m. terror of battle. 
 hilde-geatwe, st. f. pi. equipment 
 
 for battle, adornment for combat, 
 
 armor. 
 hilde-gicel, st. m. battle-icicle, blopd 
 
 dripping from the sword, 
 hilde-grap, st. /. battle-gripe, hostile 
 
 hand. 
 
hildehlaem — hinf lis 
 
 119 
 
 hilde-hlaem, -hlem, st. m. rage, noise, 
 
 tumult of battle, 
 hilde-leoma, w. m. battle-light,gleam 
 
 of battle, 
 hilde-leod, st. n. battle-song. 
 hilde-maecg, st. m. man of battle, 
 
 warrior, 
 hilde-mece, st. m. war-sword, 
 hilde-naedre, st. f. battle-adder,dart, 
 
 arrow, lance, 
 hilde-pil, st m. warlike missile,dart. 
 hilde-rses, st. m. rush of battle,onset, 
 
 attack, 
 hilde-rand, st. m. battle-shield. 
 hilde-rinc, st. m. hero of battle, 
 
 warrior. 
 kilde-saed, adj. satiated with battle, 
 
 tired of battle, mortally wounded. 
 hilde-sceorp, « / . n . battle-adornment, 
 
 armor, eoat-of-mail. 
 hilde-scur, st. m. battle-shower, 
 
 darts (of disease), 
 hilde-segese, w. f. battle-scythe, 
 
 sword (Grein) ; — others print 
 
 hildes-egesan. B. 3155. 
 hilde-serce, to. f. battle-sark, shirt- 
 
 of-mail. 
 hilde-setl, st. n. battle-seat, saddle, 
 hilde-spell, st. n. news of the battle, 
 
 story of the fight. 
 hilde-strengo, st. f. battle-strength, 
 
 bravery in battle. 
 hilde-swat, st. m. battle-sweat ; hot, 
 
 damp breath of the dragon. B.2558. 
 hilde-sweg, st. m. din of battle, 
 
 sound of battle. 
 hilde-torht, adj. having warlike 
 
 splendor, 
 hilde-tusc, -tux, st. m. battle-tusk, 
 
 tusk, fang. 
 nilde-premma, ro. m. warrior. 
 hilde-Jprym, st. m. warlike strength 
 
 or vigor. 
 hilde-J)ryd, st. f. the same as above. 
 hilde-wsepen, st. n war-weapon, 
 hilde-wlsa, w. m. leader in war, 
 
 general. 
 
 hilde-woma, w. m. tumult or crash 
 
 of battle, terror of battle, 
 hilde-wrsesn, st. f. warlike chain, 
 
 fetter for captives. 
 hilde-wulf, si. m. battle-wolf, hero, 
 
 warrior, 
 hild-, hilde-freca, w. m. battle-wolf, 
 
 hero, warrior, 
 luld-from, adj. strong in battle, val- 
 iant in war. [peror. 
 hild-fruma, w. in. battle-chief, em- 
 hild-leet, adj. sluggish in battle, 
 
 cowardly. (Grein. ) 
 nild-lata, w. m. one sluggish in war, 
 
 slow to fight, coward. (B.-T.) 
 hild-stapa, w. m. one who approaches 
 
 as an enemy, warrior. 
 bild-pracu, st. f. onset of battle, 
 
 power in war. 
 hilt, st. m. n. hilt, sword-hilt, handle. 
 hilte-cumbor, st. n. banner with a 
 
 hilt. 
 hilted, part. & adj. furnished with a 
 
 handle or hilt, 
 hina. See hine, hi-wran. 
 hind, st. f. bind, female of the hart. 
 
 (QeT. Mnde.) 
 hindan, adv. behind, in the rear. 
 
 (Ger. hinten.) 
 hindan-weard, adv. at the hinder 
 
 or farther side. 
 hiudema, w. adj. the last, hindmost, 
 hinder, adv. behind, back, after, in 
 
 the farthest part. (Ger. hinter.) 
 hinder-hoc, st. m. trick, snare, 
 hinderling, — used only in the phrase 
 
 on hinderling, backwards. 
 hinder-peostru, st n. pi. the farther 
 
 part of hell's darkness ; hence, the 
 
 darkest part. 
 hinder-weard, adj. tending back- 
 ward, artful. 
 hinde-weard, adj. backward, behind. 
 hine, adv. hence, away.. 
 hine. See he\ 
 hin-fus, adj. hastening to depart, 
 
 ready to die. 
 
120 
 
 hingang — hlem 
 
 hill-gang, st. m. departure, going 
 
 away, death, 
 hingran. See hyngran. 
 bin-, hinn-sid,-si. m. going away, 
 
 departure, death. 
 Mnsid-gryre, st. m. dread of death, 
 
 fear of going away, of dying. 
 Mran. See hyran. 
 hirde, hierde, heorde,hiorde,hyrde, 
 
 st. m. (herd), keeper, guardian, 
 
 protector, lord, possessor. (Ger. 
 
 hirte. ) 
 hire. See he. 
 hire. See heore. 
 hi-, hy-re"d, st. m. household, family, 
 
 assembly, 
 hired-man, st. m. follower, 
 hirwan See herwan. 
 his, hit. See hi. 
 hit3ian, w. v. to be heated, warm, 
 
 hot (Grein); — others print hyt sy. 
 
 B. 2649. 
 hldan, hider. See hydan, hider. 
 hlw, h§ow, h§o, st. n. appearance, 
 
 form, figure, look, color, hue. 
 
 (Goth, hiici.) 
 hiwan, w. m. pi. domestics, servants. 
 Mw-, hlow-beorht, adj. of exceed- 
 ing beauty, of striking figure, 
 hiw-ciid, adj. familiar, well-known. 
 Mwe, adj. of perfect form, beautiful, 
 hiwian, heowian, w. v. 
 
 ge-hiwian, to form, fashion, 
 
 shape, 
 hie, hledan, hlehdu, hiene, hiendo, 
 
 hieran, hierde, hierra, hiedan. 
 
 See he, hydan, heahdu, hg, hynd, 
 
 hyran, hirde, hearra, hydan. 
 hio, hiofon, Mold, hiom, liiona, 
 
 hionan, hiorde, More, Moro, 
 
 Morte, Mow. See he" and Mg, 
 
 heofon, healdan, he, heona, heo- 
 
 nan, hirde, heore, heorn, hecrt 3, 
 
 M\wbeorht. 
 hladan, st. dbL.v. IV. 1. to lade, 
 
 load, heap up, bring together, pile 
 
 up in layers. — 2. to load, lay, place 
 
 upon, place in. — 3. to load, burden. 
 
 4. to draw. (Ger. laden.) 
 
 a-hladan, to draw out, lead out. 
 ge-hladan, 1. to load, heap up. 
 
 2. to load, burden, freight. 
 to-hladan, to scatter, disperse, 
 hlaeder, st. f. ladder, flight of steps. 
 
 (Ger. letter.) 
 hlsefdige, w. f. lady, .mistress of a 
 
 house. 
 hlaeman, w. v. 
 
 bi-hlceman, to resound, strike 
 
 with noise, 
 hlsenan, w. v. to lean, incline. 
 a-hlsenan, to rise up against. 
 be-hlasnan, to surround or beset 
 
 by leaning. 
 hlaest, st. n. burden, load; — holmes 
 
 hlaest, fishes. (Ger. last.) 
 hlaest an, w. v. 
 
 ge-hlaestan, to load, burden, 
 
 freight, adorn, 
 hleew, hlaw, st. m. 1. hill, mound,— 
 
 especially a grave-hill. — 2. grave- 
 dwelling, hole, cave. 
 M$.f,st. m. loaf, bread. (Goth, hlaifs.) 
 hlSf-gebrece, st. n. bit of bread, 
 
 morsel. 
 Maf-niassse, to. f. Lammas, the 
 
 first of August, 
 hlaf-ord, -urd, st. m. lord, ruler. 
 
 master, 
 hlaford-leas, adj. lordless. 
 hlanc, adj. lank, lean, thin, gaunt. 
 hlS-w. See hleew. 
 hlegan. See hligan. 
 Mehhan, hlihhan, hlihan, hlyhhan, 
 
 st. ail. v. IV. to laugh, rejoice, de- 
 ride. (Ger. laclien.) 
 
 a-hlehhan, 1. to laugh out,laugh 
 
 at, deride. — 2. to laugh out loud, 
 
 shout, exult, rejoice. 
 bi-Mehhan, to laugh at, deride, 
 
 exult over, 
 hlem, st. m. noise, sound, crash. 
 
 [Used only in compounds.] 
 
hlemman — hlldan 
 
 121 
 
 hlemman, w. v. to cause to sound, 
 clash ; — hlemman togaedre, to 
 
 strike together, 
 bi-hleniman, the same as above. 
 
 hlence, hlenca, w. f. m. link, chain, 
 coat-of-mail. 
 
 hleahtor, st. m. 1. noise, din. — 2. 
 laughter, unrestrained laughter. 
 3. laughter, derision.— 4. exulta- 
 tion, rejoicing. — 5. joy, merriment. 
 
 hleahtor-smid, st. m. causer of 
 laughter. 
 
 hleapan, st. red. v. to leap, run, 
 spring, dance. (Ger. lauj'en.) 
 
 a-hleapan, to leap up, jump, 
 exult. 
 
 ge-hleapaa, w. ace. to overtake 
 by running, get by leaping, leap 
 upon, run or leap to. 
 
 hleo, hleow, st. m. 1. shelter, pro- 
 tection, roof. — 2. shelter, defense. 
 3. protector, defender. 
 
 hleo-bord, st. n. protecting board, 
 book-cover. Ea. 27, 12. 
 
 hlgo-burh, st. f. fortress or city giv- 
 ing protection, ruler's castle or 
 city. 
 
 hleo-dryhten, st. m. protector, de- 
 fender. 
 
 hlSo-fasst, adj. firm or mighty in 
 protecting or consoling. 
 
 hleo-leas, adj. 1. without shelter. — 
 2. affording no shelter, roofless, 
 cheerless. 
 
 hl§o-mseg, st. m. a kinsman whose 
 duty it is to afford right and law- 
 ful protection. 
 
 hleon, hlgowan, w. v. 1. to warm, 
 make warm, cherish. — 2. to be- 
 come warm or hot. 
 
 hleonad, st. m. place of safety, 
 couch, dwelling. 
 
 hleonian, hlinian, w. v. to incline, 
 hang over, recline, lie down. 
 
 hleor, st. n. cheek, face. (Icel.7( lyr.) 
 
 hleor-bere, w. f. what is worn on the 
 cheek, visor (of the helmet?) B.304. 
 
 hleor-bolster, st. m. cheek-bolster, 
 pillow. 
 
 hleor-dropa, to. m. drop running 
 down the cheek, tear. 
 
 hleor-sceamu, st. f. shame shown 
 on the cheek, blush. 
 
 hleor-torht, adj. having bright, 
 beautiful cheeks. 
 
 hl§o-sceorp, st n. protecting orna- 
 ment. 
 
 hleotan, st. ail. v. VI. 1. to east lots. 
 2. to obtain by lots, share in, par- 
 ticipate, attain, get. (Cf. Ger. 
 erlosen. ) 
 
 ge-hlgotan, to obtain by lot, 
 attain, get. [ing- 
 
 hleod, hlgowd, st. f. shelter, cover- 
 
 hleodian. See lidian. 
 
 hleodor, st. n. 1. hearing. — 2. sound, 
 tone, clang. — 3. voice, speech, cry, 
 song. — 4. oracle, response. 
 
 hleodor-cwide, -cwyde, st. m. 1. 
 speech, saying, vocal utterance. — 
 2. narration, narrative. — 3. proph- 
 ecy, revelation, oracular utterance. 
 
 hleodor-stede, st. m. oracle, place 
 for prophesying. 
 
 hlgodrian, w. v. 1. intrant, to speak, 
 talk earnestly, exclaim. — 2. w. ace. 
 to say. — 3. to sound, resound, cry 
 aloud, sing. 
 
 hleodu. See hlid. 
 
 hleow, hlgow, hleowan. See hleo, 
 hlowan, hleon. 
 
 hlSow-fedre, st. f. pi. wings afford- 
 ing protection, sheltering wings. 
 
 hleow-lora, w. m. one who has lost 
 a protector. 
 
 hl§ow-stol, st. m. safe seat, asylum. 
 
 hleowd. See hleod. 
 
 hlid, st. n. lid, covering, protection, 
 door, gate. (O. H. Ger. Mit.) 
 
 hlidan, st. abl. v. V. 1. to cover, shut, 
 close. — 2. to come forth, spring up. 
 be-hlidan, to cover, shut up, 
 close. 
 
122 
 
 hlifian — hnaesc 
 
 on-hlidan, 1. to unlock, open. — 
 2. to rise. 
 
 t6-hlidan, to spring apart, open, 
 burst, gape, spring to pieces, 
 break. 
 
 hlifian, w. v. to rise up,be prominent, 
 tower up. 
 
 ofer-hlifian, to rise over, 
 overtop. 
 
 hUgaii, st. abl. v. V. to call, call 
 upon; to praise. 
 
 be-, bi-hligan, to speak ill of, de- 
 fame. Gn. Ex. 65. 
 
 hlihhan. See hlehhan. 
 
 hlim, st. f. stream, torrent. Ps. 82, 8. 
 
 hlimman, hlymman, st abl. v. I. to 
 sound, roar, resound, rage. 
 
 hlimme, w. f. stream, torrent. 
 
 hlin. See hlyn. 
 
 hlin, name of a tree, ash? Ra. 56, 9. 
 
 hlin- (lean-. (Ger. lehn-.) Cf. hleo- 
 nan. [Used only in compounds.] 
 
 hlln-bed, st. n. bed for reclining, 
 resting-place. 
 
 hlinc, st. m. hill, rising ground, 
 (link, hnch. Cf. Halliwell.) 
 
 hlin-duru, st. f. the leaned to or 
 closed door. 
 
 hlinian, hlingan. See hleonian. 
 
 hlln-rseced, st. n. a closed house, 
 prison. 
 
 hlin-scua, -scuwa, w. m. the dark- 
 ness of a closed room. 
 
 hlinsian, lilisa, hlistan. See hlyn- 
 sian, hlysa, hlystan. 
 
 hliosa. See hlysa. 
 
 hhd, st. n. cliff, precipice of a mount- 
 ain. (Ger.-lcite.) 
 
 hlosnian, w, v. to listen, be on the 
 lookout. 
 
 hlod, st /. troop, band, crowd, mul- 
 titude, people. [mass. 
 
 hldd-gecrod, st. n. crowded, dense 
 
 hlowan, st. red. v. to low, roar, 
 blow loudly. 
 
 hliid, adj. loud. (Ger. laut.) 
 
 hlude, adv. loudly. 
 
 hlutor, hluttor, adj. clear, pure, 
 
 clean, bright. (Ger. lauter.) 
 hlutre, hluttre, adv. clearly, brightly. 
 hluttran, w. v. to clear, purify, make 
 
 bright. 
 
 a-hluttran, the same as above. 
 Hlyda, w. m. sounding, stormy 
 
 month; March; — so called on ac- 
 count of equinoctial storms. 
 hlydan, w. v. to strike up, cry aloud, 
 
 make a great noise. (Ger. lauten.) 
 hlygan, hlyhhan, hlymman. See 
 
 hligan, hlehhan, hlimman. 
 hlyn, hlin, hlynn, st. m. sound, din, 
 
 noise, clatter, clamor, 
 hlynian, w. v. to sound, resound, 
 
 roar, shout, 
 hlynnan, w. o. to sound; resound, 
 
 groan, roar, cry aloud, make a 
 
 noise or din. 
 hlynsian, hlinsian, to. v. the same 
 
 as above, 
 hlyp, st m. leap, jump, spring, 
 hlysa, hliosa, hlisa, w. m. what is 
 
 heard. — 1. sound. — 2. report, 
 
 fame, rumor, renown. 
 hlyst, st /. 1. hearing. — 2. listening 
 
 with eager attention. 
 hlystan, hlistan, w. v. to list, listen 
 
 to, hear, attend. 
 ge-hlystan, the same as above. 
 hlyt, st m. lot, portion. 
 hlytm, st m. lot, portion. 
 hlydan, w. v. 
 
 be-hly^tan, to rob, deprive of. 
 hnaecan, ic. v. to kill. 
 
 ge-hnsecan,to push,rub against, 
 
 strike on, bruise, 
 hnaegan, hnggan, w. v. to bend, hu- 
 miliate. 
 ge-hnsegan, to bow, humble, 
 
 bring down, strike down, fell, 
 
 subdue, 
 hncegan (= nsegan), w. v. to speak 
 
 to, greet. B. 1320. 
 hriEesc, hnesc, adj. weak, tender, 
 
 soft. 
 
huag — holmwudu 
 
 122 
 
 hnag, hnah, adj. 1. low, inferior, 
 
 miserable, poor. — 2. of a low way 
 
 of thinking, mean, niggardly, 
 hnappung, st. f. napping, slumber- 
 ing, slumber. 
 hnatan, st. red. v. to strike together, 
 
 clash, 
 hnecca, w. m. neck. (Ger. naclcen.) 
 hnegan, hnesc. See hiiaegan, 
 
 hnaesc. 
 hneapan, st. red. v. 
 
 t-hneapan. to pluck off. 
 hneaw, adj. avaricious, stingy, close. 
 
 (Ger. genau.) 
 hneaw-lice, adv. stingily, sparingly, 
 hnigau, st. dbl. v. V. 1. to bend, bow 
 
 one's self. — 2. to make a bow, 
 
 prostrate one's self (in greeting or 
 
 in making a request, &e.) — 3. to 
 
 descend, fall. 
 
 ge-hnigan, to bow down, be 
 
 humble. 
 on-hnigan, to bow down, incline 
 
 one's self, worship, 
 under-hnigan, to bow down, go 
 
 down under or into. 
 hnipian, w. v. to incline, bow down. 
 
 (Ger. nippen.) 
 hnitan, st. dbl. v. V. to strike, dash 
 
 against, encounter, 
 hnossian, w. v. to strike, 
 hnyssan, w. v. 
 
 ge-hnyssan, to frighten;— part. 
 
 affrighted, 
 ho. See boh. 
 
 h6c, st. m. hook, hinge, snare, trap. 
 hdciht, adj. having hooks, barbed, 
 
 hooked. 
 hof. See hebban. 
 hof, st. n. inclosed space, courtyard, 
 
 estate, house, dwelling. (Ger. hof.) 
 h6f, st. m. hoof. (Ger. Jiuf.) 
 hofian, w. v. 
 
 be-, bi-h6fian (behoove), to 
 
 need, require, want. 
 hogde. See hyogan. 
 hogian, w. v. to think. 
 
 hogede, hogode, hogade. See 
 hycgan. 
 
 h6h, b.6, st. m. hough, heel; — on 
 hoh, behind, back. 
 
 hohsnian, //-. v. 
 
 on-hohsnian, to scold, mock, 
 scorn (Grein). B. 1944. 
 
 on-hdhsnian, w. v. to hinder 
 (H.-S.). (ms. on hoh snod.) 
 
 hoi, st n. hole, cave, cavern, den. 
 
 h61, st. n. silly talk, foolish speech, 
 calumny. 
 
 hold, adj. inclined to, attached to. — 
 ]_ used of a lord or ruler to his 
 subjects: friendly, kind, gracious, 
 good. — 2. of subjects to their lord : 
 obedient, true, loyal, devoted, faith- 
 ful. — 3. in. general: true, kind, 
 friendly, favorable, faithful, loyal. 
 4. pleasant, dear, agreeable. (Ger. 
 hold.) 
 
 holde, adv. graciously, devotedly. 
 
 holde-lice, adv. devotedly. 
 
 hold-lice,ad«i. graciously, pleasantly, 
 kindly, devotedly. 
 
 holen, holegn, st. m. holly. 
 
 hdlinga, hdlunge, adv. in vain,with- 
 out reason. 
 
 holm, st. m. literally, a rounded 
 hight. — 1. high-going sea-waves. 
 
 2. deep sea, ebb, wave, sea, water. 
 
 3. helm of the ship. An. 396. 
 holm-asrn, st. ». sea-house, ship. 
 holm-clif, st. re. sea-cliff, rocky shore, 
 
 promontory. 
 
 holmeg, adj. stormy as on the sea? 
 misty. Exod. 396. 
 
 holm-msegen, st n. strength of the 
 waves or fullness of the deep. 
 
 holm-pracu, st /. tumult of the 
 waves or sea, storm at sea, tossing 
 of the sea, violence of the waves. 
 
 holm-weg, st m. seaway, [waves. 
 
 holm-weall, st m. sea-wall, wall of 
 
 holm-weard, st m. sea-warder, gov- 
 ernor of the ship. [cross. 
 
 holm-wudu, st m. mountain-wood, 
 
124 
 
 holmwylm — horu 
 
 holm-wybn, st. m. waves of the sea, 
 
 billows, 
 holt, st. n. 1. holt, wood, forest, 
 
 hedge. — 2. wood. (Ger. hols.) 
 holt-wudu, st. m. 1. forest-wood, 
 
 grove, forest. — 2. wood, 
 holunge, horn, horna, honcer. See 
 
 h&linga, ham, hama, hamer. 
 hon, st. red. v. to hang, suspend. 
 
 (Ger. hangen.) 
 S-h6n, to hang, suspend, crucify. 
 be-, bi-hon, to behang, hang 
 
 round. 
 
 ge-hon, to hang with, adorn, 
 hond, hongian. See hand, hangian. 
 hop, st. n. (hoop) ; hence, something 
 
 round, hope, bay, moor, marsh; 
 
 extended iu meaning, sea. 
 hop-gelmast, si. n. dashing of the 
 
 waves; — used of the sea-beaten 
 
 cliffs, 
 hopian, w. -v. to hope. (Ger. lioffen.) 
 hopig, adj. in ring-shaped waves, 
 
 eddying. Ps. 68, 2. 
 hord, st. n. m. the guarded treasure, 
 
 hoard, treasure; the thoughts 
 
 shut up in the breast, the spirit 
 
 dwelling in the body; secrets; and 
 
 finally whatever is collected or 
 
 brought together, fullness, abun- 
 dance. (Ger. hort; Goth, huzd.) 
 hord-aern, st. re. treasure-house, 
 
 treasure-room. 
 hord-burh, st. f. city or castle in 
 
 which the ruler's (king's) treasure 
 
 is kept, royal city. 
 hord-c6fa, w. m. chamber or closet 
 
 of the secret thoughts, breast, 
 
 heart. 
 hord-faet, st n. treasure-vessel, (sc. 
 
 in utero Mariae). 
 hord-gestreon, st. n. treasure-hoard, 
 
 precious treasure. 
 hord-geat, st. n. door to the secret 
 
 treasure. 
 hord-loca, w. m. treasure-chest, 
 
 coffer; secret thoughts. 
 
 hord-maegen, st. n. abundance of 
 treasure, riches. 
 
 hord-maddum, st. m. treasure-jewel, 
 costly jewel. 
 
 hord-wela, w. m. wealth of treas- 
 ures, abundance of riches. 
 
 hord-weard, st. in. warder of the 
 treasure, keeper of treasure. 
 
 hord-weordung, st. f. gift out of 
 the treasure. 
 
 hord-wyn, st. f. treasure-joy, joy- 
 giving treasure. 
 
 horn, st. W. horn. 1. of an animal.A* 
 2. horn, trumpet. — 3. pinnacle, 
 horn-shaped gable-end. (Ger. 
 horn. ) 
 
 horn-boga, w. m. horn-bow, bow 
 made of horn, bow with the ends 
 curved like a horn. 
 
 horn-bora, w. m. horn-bearer, trump- 
 eter. 
 
 horn-fisc, st. m. hornfish, a kind of 
 pike. 
 
 horn-gestreon, st. n. all the pinna- 
 cles of a house. 
 
 horn-geap, adj. rich in pinnacles 
 (Grein); — having a wide extent 
 between the "horns," (B.-T.) 
 
 horn-reced, st. n. pinnacled house, 
 building having pinnacles (Grein 
 &B.-T.); — building whose two 
 gables are crowned by the halves 
 of a stag's antler (?) (Heyne). 
 
 horn-sael, .s(. n. the same as above. 
 
 horn-scip, st. n. ship with beak, or 
 horn-shaped prow. 
 
 horn-sele, st. m. hall, house having 
 pinnacles. 
 
 hors, st. n. horse. (Ger. ross.) 
 
 horse, adj. 1. quick, swift, expe- 
 ditious. — 2. quick in thought, 
 ready, active, wary, prudent. 
 
 hors-llce, adv. promptly, prudently, 
 wisely. 
 
 horu, st. m. dirt, filth, spittle. (O.H. 
 Ger. horo.) 
 
hos — hreder cofa 
 
 125 
 
 h6s, st.f. accompanying troop, es- 
 cort. (Goth, hansa.) 
 
 hosp, st. m. reproach, blasphemy, 
 insult, contumely, disgrace. 
 
 hosp-cwide, st. m. contemptuous, 
 insulting words. 
 
 hosp-word, st. n. same as above. 
 
 hodnia, w. m. place of concealment, 
 cave, grave. 
 
 hra, hraw, hrea, hreaw, hrsew, hrje, 
 st. n. 1. body of a living human 
 being. — 2. corpse. 
 
 hraca, if. m. throat, jaws, gullet. 
 (Ger. rachen.) 
 
 hrasd, hred, adj. quick, active, nim- 
 ble, ready, busy. 
 ' breeder. See hreder. 
 
 hraed-lice, adv. quickly, immediate- 
 ly, straightway, soon, forthwith. 
 
 hraed-tcefle, adj. skilled in the game 
 at draughts. 
 
 hraed-wcBgn, -waen, st. m. swift 
 wain' or wagon. 
 
 hraed-wyrde, adj. quick speaking, 
 rash in speech. 
 
 hraefn, hrefn, lixasm, hrem, st. m. 
 raven. (Ger. rale.) 
 
 hraegl, st. n. covering, dress, gar- 
 ment, armor. 
 
 braegn-loca (Ba. 72, 21). See 
 brasgnloca. 
 
 hrasd, hred, adj.quick, swift, sudden. 
 
 hraede, hi seder. See hrade, hreder. 
 
 hraew. See hra. 
 
 hrS-fyl, st. m. fall of bodies in bat- 
 tle, slaughter. 
 
 hragan, st. <xU. v. TV. [spread, 
 
 ofer-hragan, to cover, over- 
 
 hran, hron, st. m. whale. 
 
 hran-fisc, st. m. whale. 
 
 hran-mere, st. m. whale-mere,oce3n. 
 
 hran-rad, st. n. whale's road, sea. 
 
 hrade, hrasde, hrede, adr.(xathe,adj. 
 Milton), quickly, immediately, at 
 once, forthwith, soon, straightway. 
 
 hrader. See hreder. 
 
 hraw. See hra.. 
 
 hra-werig, adj. body-weary, tired of 
 
 life. 
 hra-wic (hrea-), st n. place of 
 
 corpses, battle-field. 
 hred. See hrsed. 
 hreddan, ir. v. to rid, snatch away, 
 
 rescue, deliver. (Ger. retten.) 
 a-hreddan, to take away, rescue, 
 
 free from, 
 hreddan, ic. r. 
 
 a-hreddan, to move, shake, 
 
 make to tremble, 
 hrefan, u\ v. 
 
 ge-hr6fan, to cover, cover over, 
 
 roof. 
 hrefn, hrem. See hrsefn. 
 hreman, w. v. to make a noise over, 
 
 boast of. (Ger. riihmen.') 
 hremig, adj. 1. lamenting (Seel, 9). 
 
 2. rejoicing, boasting, exulting. 
 hreppan, •*•. v. to touch, lay hold of, 
 
 afflict, 
 hreran, w. v. to touch, move. — 2. to 
 
 be moved. (Ger. ruhren.) 
 on-hr§ran, to move, excite, 
 
 agitate, disturb. 
 hr§rnes,sf./.excitement,commotion. 
 hrest (pres. 3 sig.), withers. Met. 
 
 11, 58. 
 hred. See hraed. 
 hred, st. f. honor, renown, glory, 
 
 triumph, joy. (Cf. ruhm, Kluge, 
 
 Etym. Wbh. p. 277.) 
 hredan, w. v. to glory in, exult, re- 
 joice, 
 hrede. See hrade. 
 hrede, adj. rough, savage, wild, 
 hred-eadig, adj. glorious, joyful. 
 hreder, hredor, hrseder, hrader, 
 
 st. m. 1. the inner parts of the 
 
 body, entrails, heart, bosom,breast, 
 
 — especially as seat of life,thought, 
 
 and feeling. — 2. in general, the 
 
 inside of anything, 
 hreder-bealo, st. n. evil that takes 
 
 hold on the heart, sore evil. 
 hreder-cofa, w. m. breast. 
 
126 
 
 hredergleaw — hringboga 
 
 hreder-glSaw, adj. prudent, wise. 
 hreder-loca, w. m. inolosure of the 
 
 breast, breast, 
 hrgdig, adj. triumphant, exulting. 
 hrgd-lSas, adj. joyless, or without 
 
 renown, 
 hred-sigor, st. m. glorious victory, 
 
 triumph. 
 hrea, hxeaw. See bra. 
 hream, st. m. cry, outcry, din, noise, 
 
 tumult. 
 breamig. See hremig. 
 hreo. See hreoh. 
 hre"of, adj. rough, scabby, leprous. 
 
 (O. H. Ger. rinb.) 
 hreofan, si. abl. r. V. 
 
 be-hreofan? Euin. 4. 
 hrSoh, st. 11. rough, stormy weather, 
 
 tempest. 
 hrGoh, hrioh, hrgo, hreow, adj. 1. 
 
 rough, wild, angry, raging, stormy, 
 
 excited. — 2. sad, troubled. 
 hr§oh-m5d, adj. 1. angry at heart, en- 
 raged. — 2. sad at heart, troubled. 
 hrSorig, adj. falling to decay, in 
 
 ruins. Euin. 3. 
 hreosan, st. aU. v. VI. to rush, fall 
 
 headlong, break forth, fall, sink. 
 be-, bi-hr§osan, 1. to cover over. — 
 
 2. part, behroren, divested of, 
 
 fallen away from. 
 
 ge-hre"osan, to fall down, rush 
 
 headlong, sink, disappear, fail, 
 of-hreosau, to fall down, fall 
 
 headlong. 
 tS-lirgosan, to fall asunder. 
 hrgodan, st abl. r. VI. to draw over, 
 
 cover, clothe, adorn, decorate. 
 ge-bxeodan, the same as above. 
 on-hrSodau, the same as above. 
 hreow. See hrSoh. 
 hre*ow, st. f. sadness, distress, sor- 
 row, regret, penitence. (Ger. reue.) 
 hreowan, s*. abl. v. VI. impers. to 
 
 rue, repent, be sorry for, grieve. 
 
 (Ger. rcuen.) 
 ge-hreowan, same as above. 
 
 hrSow-cearig, adj. sorrowful, sad. 
 
 hrgpwig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 hreowig-m6d, adj. sad of heart, sor- 
 rowful. 
 
 hrSow-lic, adj. the same as above. 
 
 hrSow-lice, adv. miserably, cruelly. 
 
 nriog. See hrycg. 
 
 hrif, st.f. (-rifi), belly, womb. 
 
 brim? hrim on lime. Euin. 4. 
 
 brim, st. m. rime, hoar-frost. (0. H. 
 Ger. rime.) 
 
 hrimaii, to. v. 
 
 be-hriman, to cover with hoar- 
 frost. 
 
 hiim-ceald, adj. icy cold. 
 
 hrim-gicel, st. m. icicle. 
 
 hrimig, adj. frosty, covered with 
 frost. 
 
 hrimig-lieard, adj. hard with frost. 
 
 hrinan, st. abl. v. V. to touch, lay 
 hold of, grasp, strike. (0. H. Ger. 
 lirtnan.) 
 
 ge-hrinaii, the same as above. 
 on-hrinan, the same as above. 
 
 liriiid, part, dead (Grein) ; — rus- 
 tling (Heyne); — barky (Thorpe); — 
 rinded (Kemble); — .placed in a 
 ring or circle? (B.-T.). B. 1363. 
 
 hiindan, st. abl. v. I. to strike, push, 
 
 thrust. 
 bring, st. m. 1. ling, gold ring as 
 ornament. — 2. ring as a fetter. — 
 3. shirt- of -mail (of interlaced 
 rings). — 4. circle formed by a 
 number of men. — 5. circle of the 
 year, circuit. — 6. orb or circum- 
 ference of the earth. — 7. ban, ex- 
 tent of the ban, territory over 
 which one's power extends. — 8. 
 circle, circuit, territory, influence. 
 (Ger. ring.) 
 bring, st. m. ring, sound. 
 hringan, to. v. to ring, clash, give 
 
 forth » sound, rattle. 
 hring-boga, w. m. one who bends 
 himself into a ring, bowed or bent 
 dragon. 
 
hringed — hupseax 
 
 127 
 
 hringed, adj. supplied with rings, 
 
 made of rings, 
 hringed-stema, w. m. ship whose 
 
 prow is provided with iron rings 
 
 for making it fast to the land, 
 hring-iren, st. n. ring-iron, iron rings 
 
 of a eoat-of-mail (Grein) ; — sword 
 
 ornamented with rings (H.-S.). 
 hring-loca, ir. m. shirt-of-mail. 
 hring-meel, st. n. sword marked with 
 
 rings, i.e. marked with ring-shaped 
 
 characters, or ornamented with 
 
 inlaid rings. 
 hring-maeled,af7/.marked with rings. 
 
 See above, 
 hring-mere, st, n. water-basin in a 
 
 bath-house, bath, 
 hring-naca, ic. m. ship provided with 
 
 iron rings in the prow, 
 hring-net, st. n. coat-of-mail made 
 
 of iron rings. 
 hring-sele, st. m. ring-hall; — 1. hall 
 
 in which rings are distributed. — 
 
 2. the cave or hole of the dragon 
 
 guarding the treasure consisting 
 
 mainly of rings. B. 2840, 3053. 
 hring-pegu,s£./.the receiving of rings 
 
 when distributed by one's lord, 
 hring-weordung, st. f. donation of 
 
 rings (Grein); — ring-ornament. 
 
 (H.-S.) B. 3017. 
 nrisil, st. f. shuttle; bone of the 
 
 lower arm, radius. 
 hrid, st. f. snowstorm ? Wand. 102. 
 hrioh. See hreoli. 
 hrof, st. m. 1. -roof, rafters, vault, 
 
 chamber. — 2. top, the highest part 
 
 of an object, point, summit, 
 hrof-fasst, adj. with a firm roof, 
 
 well-covered. 
 hr6f-sele, st. m. covered hall. 
 hron. See bran, 
 hropan, st. red, v. to call, cry out, 
 
 scream, howl. (Ger. rafen.) 
 hr6r, adj. stirring, moving, strong, 
 
 stout, valiant, skillful. 
 hr6st-beag, st. m. woodwork of the 
 
 roof. Kuin. 32. 
 
 hiddor, st. m. joy, delight, consola- 
 tion, solace, benefit, advantage, 
 gain. 
 
 hrodor-leas, adj. joyless. 
 
 hrung, st. f. rang, staff, beam, pole 
 (of a wagon-cover). (Ger. rituge.) 
 
 knuigeat-torr, st. m. tower with a 
 grate-door. (Kuin. 4.) 
 
 hruse, w. f. earth, soil, ground. 
 
 hrutan, st. abl. v. VI. to make a 
 noise, whiz, snore. 
 
 hrycg, hricg, st. in. back, height, 
 surface, ridge. (Ger. ruchen.) 
 
 hryre, st. m. fall, downfall, ruin, de- 
 struction, death. 
 
 hxysian, w. v. to shake, move. 
 
 hiystan, id. v. to adorn, ornament. 
 
 hrydig, adj. fallen to decay, in ruins. 
 
 hu (= hwi), instr. of bwsst, adv. 
 how, why, wherefore ; ip. the corn- 
 par, the. 
 
 hugod, hugende. See hyegan. 
 
 huilpa, w. m. name of a sea-animal 
 ("Wulcker), Seef. 21;-*- name of a 
 bird, — so called from its note 
 (B.-T.). 
 
 Iiu-llc, adj. of what sort. 
 
 hund, st. m. dog, hound. (Ger. hund.) 
 
 hund, num. one hundred. 
 
 hund-iiigontig, num. ninety. 
 
 hundred, num. hundred. 
 
 hund-seofontig, num. seventy. 
 j hund-teontig, num. hundred. 
 
 hund-twelftig, num. one hundred 
 and twenty. 
 I hungor, hungur, st. m. hunger, fam- 
 ine. (Ger. hunger.) 
 | hungrig, adj. hungry, famishing; 
 
 (Ger. hungrig.) 
 i hunig, st. n. honey. (Ger. honig.) 
 
 hunig-flSwend, part, flowing with 
 honey. 
 
 hunig-smsec, st. m. honey-smack, 
 I words sweet as honey. 
 
 hunta, in. m. hunter. 
 
 huntod, st. m. hunt, hunting, [hip. 
 
 hup-seax, st. n. knife worn on the 
 
128 
 
 huru — hwelp 
 
 huru, adv. at least, surely, yet, not- 
 withstanding, however, indeed; — 
 and huru, and especially. Sat.523. 
 
 hus, st. n. house,— used collectively 
 for household, family, race. (Ger. 
 haus.) 
 
 huso, liux, st. n. mockery, derision, 
 seorn, insult. 
 
 husc-word, st. n. insulting word, 
 scornful speech. 
 
 husel, husl, st. n. insulting word, 
 scornful speech. 
 
 husel, husl, st. n. housel, sacrifice, 
 eucharist, consecrated bread and 
 Wine. (Goth, hunsl; Icel. husl.) 
 
 husel-bearn, st. n. son (man) worthy 
 of the eucharist. 
 
 husel-faet, st. ». vessel for sacrifice. 
 
 husel-wer, st. m. man worthy of the 
 eucharist. 
 
 hud, st. f. booty, spoil, plunder. 
 
 hudan, st. dbl. v. VI. 
 
 a-hudan, to rob, plunder. 
 
 hux. See husc. 
 
 hux-lic, adj. scornful, insulting, ig- 
 nominious. 
 
 hwt, nom. n. hwaet; gen. m. n. 
 hwaes ; dat. m. n. hwSm, hwsem, 
 ace. m. hwone, hwane, hwasne; 
 n. hwast ; instr. n. hwi,hwig,hwy, 
 hwan, hwon. — I. pron. interrog. 
 who, what, how, — in dependent 
 clauses with indie. & subjune. — 
 II. pron. indef. any one, some one ; 
 any thing, some thing ; swa hwa 
 (hwast) swS, whosoever, whatso- 
 ever, whatever. (Ger. wer.) 
 
 hwsel, st. m.f wheel, circuit. Exod. 
 161. (Icel. livel.) 
 
 hwsel, st. m. whale. (Icel. liwalr. ) 
 
 hwasla, w. m. whale. 
 
 hwasl-mere, st. m. whale-mere, sea. 
 
 hwsem, hwa^ne. See hwa, hw6ne. 
 
 liwsnne, hwonne, adv. & conj. 
 ■when, as long as, until ; — hwonne 
 ser, how soon, when first. 
 
 hwser, hwar, to. v. where, whither, 
 anywhere, somewhere; when. B. 
 3062. 
 
 hwaerfed, hwaergen. See hwear- 
 fan, hwergen. 
 
 hwaes, adj. sharp, piercing. 
 
 hwast (= neut. of hwa), 1. why. — 
 
 2. how! what! lo! ah! indeed! — . 
 
 3. indeed, surely, verily, for, truly, 
 not. (Ger. was.) 
 
 hwaet, adj. sharp, bold, valiant, 
 brave, courageous. 
 
 hweete, st. m. wheat. (Ger. weizen.) 
 
 hwsete-cyn, st. n. kind of corn, 
 corn. 
 
 hwseten, adj. wheaten. 
 
 hwaet-eadig, adj. rich in courage, 
 very brave. 
 
 hwset-hwega, -hwiga, -hwyga, 
 hwugu, n. (used as noun or as 
 adverb), somewhat, a little. 
 
 hwaet-Iice, adv. quickly, promptly. 
 
 hwaet-mod, adj. courageous, bold 
 in mind. 
 
 hwaet-raed, -rgd, adj. firm, deter- 
 mined. 
 
 hwaeder, pron. 1. •whether, which 
 of two. — 2. one of two, either 
 (Met. 5, 41). — 3. each of two, both 
 (Sat. 132).— 4. swa hwaeder, who T 
 ever of two. 
 
 hwaeder, conj. w. subjune. whether. 
 
 hwaeder =hwider, whither. B.1331. 
 
 hwaedere, hwaedre, hwedere, 1. 
 adv. yet, however, nevertheless. — 
 2. conj. whether. B. 1314, Gu. 323. 
 
 hwam, hwom, st. to. corner, angle., 
 
 hwan. See hwat. 
 
 hwanan, hwanon, hwonaii, adv. 
 whence. 
 
 hwanne, hwar. See hwasnne, 
 hwser. 
 
 hwelan, st. abl. v. II. to roar, rage. 
 
 hwelc. See hwilc. 
 
 hwelp, st. to. whelp, a young dog; 
 the young of an animal. (O. H. 
 Ger. hwelf.) 
 
hwene — liwit 
 
 129 
 
 hwene, adv. w. compar. (instr. sg. of 
 
 hwon), a little. 
 hwer, st. m. kettle, caldron. 
 hwerfan,, w. v. to turn one's self 
 around, be turned, revolve, 
 a- hwerfan, to turn from, avert. 
 be-hwerfan, to roll, turn. 
 for-hwerfan, to change into, to 
 transform. 
 
 ymb-hwerfan, to go about or 
 around, travel or march round. 
 hwergen, hwasrgen, adv. anywhere ; 
 
 — elles hwergen, elsewhere. 
 hwetan, st. abl. v. HE. to whet, to 
 
 sharpen. 
 hwettan, w. v. to whet, excite, in- 
 cite, urge on, encourage. (Ger. 
 wetzen.) 
 
 a-hwettan, 1. to excite, kindle. 
 2. to hold out to, provide. — 3. to 
 •drive away, cast out. 
 hweder (Seef. 63), hwedere. See 
 
 hreder, hwaedere. 
 hwealf, adj. arched, convex. (Ger. 
 
 gewolbt.) 
 hwealf, st. m. vault, arch. (Cf. Ger. 
 
 gewdlbe.) 
 hwearf, st. m. crowd, congregation. 
 hwearf, adj. violent, gusty, turning 
 rapidly, changeable (Grein); — and- 
 hwearf, pret. of and-hweorfan, 
 to move against, come against, 
 blow into one's face. (Thorpe, 
 Kemble, & Heyne). B. 548. 
 hwearfan, w. v. to turn, go, revolve, 
 roll, change. 
 
 ymb-liwearfan, to go around, 
 
 make the circumference of. 
 
 hwearfian, w. v. to turn, go, flit 
 
 about, wander about, roll on, pass 
 
 by. (Goth. & O. H. Ger. liwarlon.) 
 
 hwearft, st. m. going around, circuit, 
 
 circle, revolution. 
 hweol, st. a. wheel, 
 aweorfan, hworfan, hwurfan, st. 
 all. c. I. 1. to turn. Cri. 485.— 
 2 to turn one's self, be turned, 
 
 turn around, change, return, de- 
 part, be converted. — 3. to go, wan- 
 der, go about, hover over. — 4. to 
 go to or from a place, die. (Goth. 
 hwairban.) 
 
 a-hweorfan, 1. to turn away, 
 turn about, convert. — 2. to turn 
 away from, turn, move. 
 set-hweorfan, to enter, to go to. 
 be-hweorfan, to change, turn. 
 ge-hweorfan, 1. to turn, turn 
 about, go, wander, go over, come. 
 2. to turn, change, convert. 
 
 geond-hweorfan, to wander 
 about in, go through from end 
 to end. 
 
 on-hweorfau, l.to turn,change. 
 2. to turn. 
 
 t6-hweorfan, to go away, sep- 
 arate, scatter. 
 
 ymbe-hweorfan, to go around,, 
 wander about. 
 hweodu, st. f. air, breeze. Ps. 
 
 106, 28. 
 hwi, hwig, instr. of hwaet. Cf . hfi. 
 hwider, hwyder, adv. whither; — 
 
 at times like hwaer, w. gen. 
 hwil, st. f. while, time, space of 
 time; — ace. bS hwile ba, as long 
 as, until; — hwile, for a time, a 
 while, long ; — hwile - hwile, some- 
 times — sometimes, now — now ; — 
 dat. pi. hwilum (whilom), hwi- 
 lon, at times, many times, often ; — 
 hwilum — hwilum, now — now, at 
 one time, at another. (Ger. weile.) 
 hwile, hwelc, hwylc.^rcra. interrog. 
 which, of what sort, who, what ; — 
 indef. some, any, every, of any 
 kind. (Ger. welcher.) 
 hwUen, adj. temporary, 
 hwiled (An. 495). See hwelan. 
 hwinan, w. v. to whizz, whirr; later, 
 
 to whistle (of the wind). 
 hwit, adj.- white, brilliant, shining, 
 glistening, flashing, clear. (Ger. 
 
130 
 
 hwitan — hyge 
 
 hwitan, to whiten, polish (Eeim.62); 
 perhaps hwitan (akin to hwaet), 
 to sharpen (of. hwetan) would 
 be better. Cf. sweord-hwita. 
 
 hwit-loc, adj. having white locks, 
 fair-haired, blonde. Ea. 43, 3. 
 
 hwit-locced, part, same as above. 
 
 hwom, hwon. See hwam, hwa. 
 
 hwon, st. n. a little, very little. 
 
 hwonan. See kwanan. 
 
 hw6n-lice, adv. a little, very little. 
 
 hwoniie. See hwaiiue. 
 
 hwopan, si. red. v. to whoop, cry 
 
 . aloud, threaten. 
 
 aworfan, hwurfan, hwy, hwyder, 
 hwylc. See hweorfan, hwi, 
 hwider, hwilc. 
 
 hwylfan, w. v. 
 
 a-hwylfan, to cover over, sub- 
 vert, submerge. 
 be-hwylfan, same as above. 
 
 hwyrfan, w. v. 1. to turn, change. — 
 2. to turn, be changed. — 3. to go 
 hither and thither, wander about. 
 4. to fall. 
 
 a-hwyrfan, to turn away, cast 
 off. 
 
 for-hwyrfan, to turn about, 
 pervert. 
 
 ge-hwyrfan, to avert, to turn 
 aside; to turn around, pervert, 
 change. 
 
 on-hwyrfan, to turn, to turn 
 around, to invert. 
 
 ymb-hwyrfan, to go around or 
 about, to travel or march about. 
 
 hwyrfe (Dan. 221). See hweorfan. 
 
 hwyrft, st. m. 1. way out, outlet, 
 issue. — 2. circuit, space. — 3. going, 
 descent, turn. — 4. crowd, mob. — ■ 
 (Others make hwyrftum, adv. to 
 and fro. See above — circling 
 movement, turn, under 3). — 5. cir- 
 cle, orb. 
 
 hwyrft-weg, st. m. turning-way, 
 way out. 
 
 hy. See hS. 
 
 hycgan, hicgan, -ean, w. v. {pret. 
 hogade, hogode, hogede, hogde). 
 1. to think. — 2. to meditate, think 
 about. — 3. to thiuk of, be mindful 
 of,study. — 4. to determine,resolve, 
 purpose. — 5. to remember, con- 
 sider. — 6. to hope. (See Sievers, 
 Ags. Gram. §§ 415, 416. Aum. 3.) 
 
 a-hycgan, to think out, devise, 
 seek after, search, invent. 
 
 be-hycgan, w. ace. to be solicit- 
 ous about, to have great anxiety 
 on account of. 
 
 for-hyegan, to despise, scorn, 
 reject with contempt. 
 
 ge-hyegan, 1. to think. — 2. to 
 consider, take to heart, deliberate. 
 3. to devise. — 4. to think of, deter- 
 mine upon, resolve, purpose. — 5. 
 to be mindful of, care for. — 6. to 
 hope. — 7. to be disposed, inclined; 
 part, gehugod, disposed, minded, 
 inclined. 
 
 ofer-hyegan, to contemn, de- 
 spise, give up, renounce. 
 
 on-hyegan, to weigh, consider. 
 
 wid-hyegan, to withstand in 
 mind, contemn, despise. 
 hyd, st. f. hide, skin. (Ger. haut.) 
 hydan, hidan, hledan, hedan, w. r. 
 to hide, conceal, protect, preserve. 
 
 S-hydan, to hide away, conceal. 
 
 be-, bi-hydan, to cover up, hide 
 away, conceal. 
 
 for-hydan, the same as above. 
 
 ge-hydan, 1. to hide, protect, 
 preserve. — 2. to bring into safety, 
 fasten (Wal. 13).— 3. to hide, con- 
 ceal. — 4. to obtain, get. 
 hyder. See hider. 
 hydig, adj. heedful, thoughtful, at- 
 tentive. 
 hygd, st. f. thought, mind, 
 hyge, hige, st. m. manner of think- 
 ing, thought, mind, soul, heart, 
 courage, disposition. 
 
hy gebeud — hyldan 
 
 131 
 
 byge-bend, st. m. f. mind-fetter, 
 heart-band. 
 
 hyge-bbnd, adj. blind of soul. 
 
 hyge-blide, adj. blithe of heart, gay, 
 
 joyful. 
 hyge-clsene, adj. clean in heart. 
 
 hyge-craeft, st. m. strength of mind, 
 power of thinking, knowledge, 
 wisdom. 
 
 hyge-creeftig, adj. wise, prudent, 
 sagacious. 
 
 hy-gedryht. See hl-gedriht. 
 
 hyge-fa?st,ad/.firm,shut up in mind, 
 concealed. 
 
 hyge-frdd, adj. wise, prudent. 
 
 hyge-frofor, st.f. consolation for the 
 heart, solace of the soul. 
 
 hyge-gselsa, w. adj. proud, haughty. 
 Ph. 314. 
 
 hyge-gal, adj. loose, unbridled, las- 
 civious. 
 
 hyge-gar, st m. mind's dart. 
 
 hyge-geomor, -glomor, adj. of sad 
 mind, mournful, complaining. 
 
 hyge-gleaw, adj. prudent, wise, 
 skillful. 
 
 hyge-grim, adj. savage, cruel. 
 
 hyge-leas, adj. thoughtless, rash, 
 heedless. 
 
 hyge-least, st. f. heedlessness, rash- 
 ness. 
 
 hyge-mcfed, st. f. becoming, careful 
 attention, due respect. 
 
 hyge-me'de, adj. soul-crushing, sor- 
 rowful. 
 
 hyge-r6f, adj. vigorous-minded,bold, 
 valiant. 
 
 hyge-run, st. f. secret of the heart. 
 
 hyge-sceaft, st. f. thought, mind, 
 soul. 
 
 hyge-snottor, adj. sagacious, wise. 
 
 hyge-sorg, st. f. heart-sorrow. 
 
 hyge-strang, adj. strong-minded, 
 firm, bold, brave. 
 
 hyge-teona, w. m. soul-injury, insult. 
 
 hyge-trSow, st. f. fidelity. 
 
 hyge-fcanc, -fconc, st. m. thoughts 
 of the mind, mind, thought. 
 
 hyge-paiicol, -Jioncol, adj. thinking, 
 reflecting, weighing, considering, 
 mindful, thoughtful. 
 
 hyge-]?rym, st. m. strength of mind, 
 fortitude. 
 
 hyge-J>ryd, st. f. impetuosity of 
 mind, pride, insolence. 
 
 hyge-byhtig, -bihtig, adj. doughty, 
 courageous. 
 
 hyge-waebn, st m. boiling of the 
 mind, anger. 
 
 hyge-wlanc, -wlonc, adj. haughty, 
 proud. 
 
 hyhst, superl. See heah. 
 
 hyht, hibt, heht, st m. (/.), 1. hope. 
 2. intention of the mind, desire, 
 striving. — 3. joyful thinking, joy, 
 exultation, rejoicing. 
 
 hyhtan, hihtan, w. v. 1. to hope. — 
 2. to rejoice, exult, be glad. 
 
 hybt-ful (heht-), adj. 1. full of joy 
 or hope, mirthful, pleasant. — 2. 
 joyful, joyous. 
 
 hyht-gifa, to. m. giver of joy. 
 
 hyht-giefu, st /. pleasure-giving 
 gift. 
 
 hyht-leas, adj. hopeless, distrustful, 
 unbelieving. 
 
 hyht-lic, adj. joyful, pleasant, agree- 
 able, sweet. 
 
 hybt-lice, adv. joyfully, pleasantly, 
 sweetly. 
 
 hybt-plega v ro. m. refreshing, pleas- 
 ant play. 
 
 hyht-willa, to. m. hoped-for good, 
 expected joy. 
 
 hyht-wyn, st /. hoped-for joy. 
 
 hyld, hild, held, st m. protection, 
 favor, grace, observance, rev- 
 erence. 
 
 hyldan, w. v. to protect, guard, keep, 
 sustain. 
 
 ge-hyldan, to preserve, keep, 
 hold. 
 
132 
 
 hyldan — hydweard 
 
 hyldan, heldan, w. v. to incline, in- 
 cline one's self, lie down. 
 
 a-hyldan, 1. to incline, bend,' 
 bow down. — 2. to avert from, turn 
 away from. Jul. 171. 
 
 on-hyldan, 1. to incline. — 2. to 
 incline one's self, descend, go 
 down. 
 
 hylde-leas, adj. defenseless. 
 
 hylde-mseg, st. m. near kinsman. 
 
 hyldo, hyldu, st. f. grace, favor, in- 
 clination. (Ger. liuld.) 
 
 hylest, hyll. See helan, hell. 
 
 hyll, st. m. hill. (Cf. Ger. hiigel.) 
 
 hylman, ir. v. 
 
 for-hyhnan, to transgress. 
 ofer-hyhnan, to transgress. 
 
 hylt, 3d sig. of hyldan. 
 
 hyltan, w. v. 
 
 S-hyltan, to block the way of, 
 supplant. 
 
 hym. See he". 
 
 hynan, hgnan, w. v. to bring low, 
 humiliate, crush, afflict, injure. 
 ge-hynan, the same as above. 
 
 hyne. See he\ 
 
 hyngran, hingran, w. v. to hunger, 
 to be hungry. (Ger. litmgern.) 
 
 hynd, hyndo, -u, hendo, hsendo, 
 hlendo, st. f. oppression, humilia- 
 tion, damage, injury, affliction. 
 
 hyra. See hera. 
 
 hyran, hgran, .hieran, to., v. 1. to 
 hear, perceive, learn by hearsay. 
 2. to hear, hearken, obey. — 3. to 
 belong to, be subject to, (Ger. 
 horen. ) 
 
 ge-hyran, 1. to hear, perceive. 
 2. to grant. — 3. to obey. 
 ofer-hyran, not to hear, neglect. 
 
 hyran, w. v. to honor, adore. 
 
 hyrcnian, w. o. to hearken, listen. 
 (Ger. horchcn.) 
 
 hyrd (Gen. 2695). See heord. 
 
 hyrdan, w. v. to harden, make hard; 
 encourage, animate, exhort. (Cf. 
 Ger. verharten.) 
 a-hyrdau, the same as above. 
 
 for-hyrdan, to harden against, 
 hold out against. 
 
 ge-hyrdan, to harden, make 
 hard. 
 
 on-hyrdan, to strengthen, en- 
 courage. 
 
 hyrde. See hirde. 
 
 hyrd-nes, st, f. watch. 
 
 hyre, hyre, hyred. See hS, hgore, 
 hired. 
 
 hyrgan, w. v. 
 
 on-hyrgan, to imitate, emulate. 
 
 hyrned, part, horned. 
 
 hyrned-neb, adj. having a horned 
 neb or beak. 
 
 hyrra, compar. of heah. 
 
 hyrst, st. f. equipment, ornament, 
 accoutrements, armor, costly ob- 
 ject, jewel, treasure. (O. H. Ger. 
 rust; Ger. rustling.) 
 
 hyrstau, w. v. to equip, deck, adorn, 
 decorate. (Ger. rilsten.) 
 
 ge-hyrstan, the same as above. 
 
 hyrstan, w. v. to roast. (Cf. Ger. 
 rosten; Middle Eng. rdsten, from 
 O. Fr. rostir.) 
 
 hyr-sum, hSar-sum, adj. obedient. 
 
 hyrtan, w. v. to hearten; w. reflex. 
 to take heart, be emboldened. B. 
 2593. (Ger. lierzen.) 
 
 hyrwan. See herwan. 
 
 hys. See he. 
 
 hyscan, to. v. 
 
 on-hyscan, to curse, abhor, 
 abominate. 
 
 hyse, hysse, st. m. youth, young 
 man, boy. 
 
 hyse-beordor, st, m. boy? An. 1144. 
 
 hyspan, w. r. to mock, laugh at, de- 
 ride, upbraid, reproach. 
 
 hyt. See h§. 
 
 hyd, st f. haven, harbor. 
 
 hydan, hldan, hiedan, w. v. to make 
 booty, plunder. 
 
 a-hydan, to plunder, lay waste, 
 destroy, kill. 
 
 hyde-llo, adj. suitable, proper. 
 
 hyd-weard, st. m. haven-warder, 
 keeper of the harbor. 
 
ic — innan 
 
 133 
 
 ic, pron. I; gen. min; dat. m§; ace. 
 mec, me. (Ger. ich.) 
 
 loan. See yean. 
 
 icge-gold, st. n. treasure-gold, rich 
 gold ? (Heyne) ; — sword, edge 
 (Komer). B. 1107. 
 
 idel, adj. 1. idle, worthless, useless, 
 empty, bare. — 2. deprived of. B. 
 2888. (Ger. eitel.) 
 
 idel-hende, adj. with empty hands, 
 empty-handed. 
 
 idel-nes, st. f. idleness, vanity, emp- 
 tiness; idle, vain existence. 
 
 ides, st. f. woman, wife, lady, queen. 
 
 idig, adj. greedy for, desirous of. Ph. 
 407. 
 
 Idlian, w. v. to become idle or useless. 
 
 1& leg. st. f. island. 
 
 ig-buend, part. & subs, islander, 
 dweller on an island. 
 
 ig-land, st. ». island. 
 
 ilea, ylca, w. pron. the same, idem. 
 
 ilde. See ylde. 
 
 in, prep. I. w. dat. 1. denoting place, 
 condition, situation : in, on, upon, 
 — often equivalent to into, w. ace. 
 2. temporal: in, at, during. — II. 
 w. ace. 1. local: in, into, upon, up' 
 to, — sometimes equivalent to in, 
 to. dat. in German. — 2. denoting 
 purpose: in, to, for. — 3. temporal: 
 in, at, about, toward. — III. w. instr. 
 in. Jud. 2. 
 
 in, inn, adv. 1. in, within, inside of. — 
 2. into. 
 
 in, inn, st. n. chamber, tent, inn, 
 house. 
 
 in-bend, st. m. f. inner bond or 
 chain. 
 
 inc. See git. 
 
 inca, incga, w. m. disquieting doubt, 
 suspicion, ground, cause, induce- 
 ment, complaint, grievance. 
 
 inca-peode=in-gepeode. Exod.443. 
 
 incer, 1. pron. pers. you two, both, 
 
 belonging to both of you. — 2. gen. 
 
 see git. 
 incg, adj. costly? mighty? or Inc- 
 
 ges ? B. 2577 (Grein) ; — edge 
 
 (Korner). 
 incit. See git. 
 in-cofa, w. m. inner place, breast, 
 
 heart. 
 in-dryhten, adj. very noble, most 
 
 illustrious. [bility. 
 
 in-dryhto, st. f. noble followers, no- 
 in-flede, adj. very watery or billowy. 
 in-frod, adj. very aged, very expe- 
 rienced, 
 ing = ging, geong, adj. young. 
 
 Exod. 190. 
 in-, inn-gang, st. m. entrance, access 
 
 to. (Ger. eingang.) 
 in-gebed, st. n. earnest, inward 
 
 prayer. 
 in-gefolc, st. n. native, home people. 
 in-, inn-gehygd, st. n. innermost, 
 
 most secret thinking, intention. 
 in-gemynd, st. n. inward thought, 
 
 consideration, memory. 
 in-gemynde, adj. fixed in the mind, 
 
 well-remembered. 
 in-genga, w. m. ingoer, visitor. 
 in-gesteald, st. n. house-property, 
 
 possessions in the house. 
 in-gebanc, -gebono, st. m. n. inner 
 
 thinking, earnest thought, mind. 
 in-geb@ode, st. v. pi. people, nation. 
 in-lende, adj. inland, domestic, na- 
 tive. (Cf. Ger. inland iseli.) 
 in-locast, adv. innermost, most 
 
 heartily. 
 inn. See in, svbs. & adv. 
 innan, I. adv. within, inside, in, — 
 
 often used with in, on, geond; — 
 
 baer on innan, therein, thereinto. 
 
 II. prep. to. gen. & dat. in. — 3. w. 
 
 ace. into. (Ger. innen.) 
 
134 
 
 inuaucund — is 
 
 innan-cund, adj. inner, entire,whole. 
 imian-weard, adj. within, inward, 
 
 intrinsic, 
 innad, innod, si. m. f. inner parts, 
 
 contents, entrails, belly, womb, 
 
 breast. 
 inne, adv. 1. inside, within. — 2. into, 
 
 within. — 3. still further, besides. 
 
 B. 1867. (Ger. inne.) 
 iiinera, w. adj. the inner, inward, 
 inne-weard, adj. inward, within, 
 inn-gang, inn-gehygd. See ingang, 
 
 ingehygd. 
 innian, w. v. 
 
 ge-innian, to fill. 
 innod. See innad. 
 inn-weorud, st. n. retainers, follow- 
 ers, house-companions. 
 inn-wit. See inwid, inwit. 
 in-sittende, part, sitting in. 
 in-staepes, adv. immediately, on the 
 
 spot, 
 iu-tinga, w. m. cause, ground, reason, 
 inweard-lice, adv. inwardly, in 
 
 soul. 
 in-weorud. See innweorud. 
 in-wid, in-wit (inn-), st. n. iniquity, 
 
 injustice, malice, evil, fraud, deceit, 
 
 cunning, hostility. 
 in-wid, in-wit, adj. unjust, bad, 
 
 wicked, malicious. 
 in-wid-. See in-wit-. 
 inwit-feng, st. m. malicious grasp, 
 
 hostile attack. 
 inwit-fla, w. f. hostile dart, a missile 
 
 of malice. 
 inwit-full, adj. wicked, crafty, cun- 
 ning. 
 inwit-gsest, st. m. evil guest, hostile 
 
 stranger. 
 inwit-gecynde, st. n. wicked nature, 
 
 evil kind. 
 inwit-gyren,si./. treacherous snare, 
 
 trap, 
 inwit-hlem (inwid-), st.m. malicious 
 
 wound, wound inflicted through 
 
 malice. 
 
 inwit-hr6f, st. m. hostile roof, lair, 
 inwit-net, st. n. net of malice, cun- 
 ning snare. 
 inwit-nid, st. m. cunning hostility, 
 
 hostility through secret attacks. 
 inwit-riin, st. f. evil, crafty counsel, 
 inwit-scear, st. m. massacre through 
 
 cunning; murderous contest, 
 inwit-searo, st. n. cunning, artful 
 
 intrigue. 
 inwit-sorh (inwid-), st. f. sorrow 
 
 caused by malice or treachery; 
 
 grief, misfortune, 
 inwit-spell, st. n. tale of woe, tidings 
 
 of misfortune. 
 inwit-stsef, st. m. wickedness, evil, 
 
 malice. 
 inwit-]?anc (in-wid-), st. m. wicked, 
 
 deceitful thought ; malicious, hos- 
 tile disposition. 
 inwit-panc, adj. malicious, hostile, 
 
 ill-disposed, crafty, cunning. 
 inwit-wrasen, st. f. deceitful band, 
 
 hostile fetter. 
 iren, st. n. iron, sword. (Ger. eisen.) 
 iren, adj. of iron, iron. 
 iren-bend, st. m. f. iron band, bond, 
 
 rivet. 
 iren-byrne, w. f. iron coat-of-mail. 
 iren-heard, adj. hard as iron, of 
 
 hard iron. 
 iren-pre"at, st. m. troop in iron armor. 
 irnan, yrnan, st. all. v. I. to run, 
 
 leap, flow. (Ger. rinnen.) 
 a-irnan, to go or pass by, run 
 
 out. 
 be-irnan, to run up to or into, 
 
 to occur, happen. 
 on-irnan, to run back, open, 
 
 give way. 
 to-irnan, to run hither and 
 
 thither, wander about. 
 irre, irsung. See yrre, yrsung. 
 is, ys, 3(2 pers. sp. of earn, is; — used 
 
 either absolutely — is, exists, en- 
 dures, &c. : or with adj. or subs. 
 
 predicate, or w. pret.part. (Ger.&S.) 
 
is — leecedom 
 
 135 
 
 Is, st. ». ice, name of the Rune I. 
 
 (Ger. e«s.) 
 Is-ceald, adj. ice-cold, cold as ice. 
 Isen, st. a. iron. 
 isen, adj. of iron, ircfci. 
 isern, .si. ». iron, sword. 
 Isern, adj. of iron, iron. 
 Isern-byrne, w.f. iron corselet, 
 isern-here, st. m. iron army, host in 
 
 iron armor. 
 Is-gebind, st. «. ice-fetters, 
 isig, adj. icy, shining, brilliant. 
 iaig-federa, adj. with ice-covered 
 
 wings. 
 is-mere, st. m. ice-sea, frozen sea. 
 istoria, history. 
 
 it, ited, itst. See etan (to eat). 
 iw, st. m. yew, yew-tree. (Ger. eibe.) 
 iecan, leg. See Scan, yean, ig. 
 ieht, st. f. increase, strength, size. 
 ierne,ieted,iewan. See yrre, etan, 
 
 eowan. 
 
 iode, iogod. See eode, geogod, 
 
 youth. 
 ior, si. m. name of a fish, and of the 
 
 Rune io, 
 iorne, iowian. See yrre, eowan. 
 iu, adv. still, yet. Sol. 249. 
 in, adv. once, formerly, ever, of old. 
 iu-d*d, gu-dsed, st. f. former deed, 
 
 deed done formerly, 
 iu-lean, st. n. reward for a former 
 
 deed, 
 iu-man, st. m. man of old, of the 
 
 former times. 
 iu-mSowle, w. f. formerly a virgin, 
 
 aged woman. 
 iung. See geong. (Ger. jung.) 
 iu-wine, st. m. former, dead friend. 
 Januarius, January. Men. 10. 
 Jula, w.m. Yule, December and Jan- 
 uary. Men. 221. 
 Julius m6nad. Men. 132. 
 Junius monad. Men. 109. 
 
 la, inter] . O, lo. See §a. 
 
 la, enclitic, yes, indeed, certainly, un- 
 doubtedly (= ecce, certe). 
 
 lac, st n. 1. play, sport, strife, con- 
 test. — 2. booty, spoils. — 3. gift, 
 present. — 4. offering, sacrifice. — 
 5. message. Gii. 1317. 
 
 lacan, si. red. v. 1. to spring, jump, 
 fly, swoop, swing, take ship, flutter, 
 waver. — 2. to fight, contend. — 3. 
 to change the voice, modulate. 
 Rid. 32, 19. 
 be-lacan, to flow around, 
 for-lacan, to mislead, betray, 
 deceive, 
 geond-lacan, to flow through. 
 
 lac-geofa, w. m. giver of gifts. Cf. 
 wedlock. 
 
 lacnian, w. v. to heal, to cure. Cf. 
 to leech, 
 ge-lacnian, same as the above. 
 
 lad, st. f. 1. road, way, journey. — 
 2. nourishment, maintenance, sup- 
 port. Gii. 360. 
 
 ladian, ladigan, w. v. 1. to cleanse, 
 purify, free from guilt. -- 2. to 
 excuse. 
 
 lad-teow. See lattgow. 
 
 laec, adj. wounded? Fin. 34? 
 
 leecan, w. v. to spring up, rise, strike 
 upward. 
 
 neah-lcecan (nea-), to bring 
 near, approach. 
 ge-nealeecan, same as above. 
 
 lasccan, w. v. to seize, take, grasp. 
 Cf. latch. 
 
 l»ce, st. m. leech, physician. 
 
 Isece-cynn, st. n. the leechkin, pro- 
 fession of physician, physician's 
 way or manner. 
 
 Icecedom, st. m. leech-craft, healing 
 art. 
 
136 
 
 lsedan — leeddu 
 
 laedan, ledan, w. v. 1. to lead, con- 
 duct, bring. — 2. to move (Kr. 5). 
 3. to produce (Gen. 1298).— 4. to 
 sprout forth, grow. 
 
 a-lcedan, 1. to lead, lead forth, 
 produce. — 2. to come forth, creep 
 out, sprout forth or up. 
 
 on-lsedan, to lead on or to, bring 
 up, draw forward, conduct to. 
 
 for-lsedan, 1. to mislead, lead 
 astray. — 2. to fail iu leading, lead 
 unsuccessfully. 
 
 ge-laedan, 1. to lead, conduct, 
 
 bring. — 2. to go, journey ? An. 43. 
 
 on-lcedan,to lead on, conduct to. 
 
 od-lsedau, to lead away or out ; 
 
 deprive of, carry off, snatch from. 
 
 ■wid-lsedan, the same as above. 
 
 laedan, to excuse. Ps. 140, 5. 
 
 lasfan, w. v. to leave, leave behind 
 
 or over, have left. 
 laegdon. See leogan (to lay), 
 laeht. See laeccan (to seize). 
 1*1, st. f. 1. rod, whip. — 2. spot, 
 
 bruise, boil. 
 Iselan, leelian, w. v. to be or become 
 
 blue or bruised, 
 laemen, adj. loamy, clayey, 
 leen, st. n. what is left over, remnant, 
 
 gift, present, benefit, 
 laenari, w. v. to lend, give, grant. 
 
 on-laenan, to lend (as a loan), 
 lasn-dagas, st. m. pi. transitory days, 
 one's (brief) lifetime, loan-days. 
 lasne, lene, adj. transitory, tem- 
 porary, lent, perishable, evanes- 
 cent, liable to death or destruction, 
 lasran, w. v. (cf. learn), to teach, in- 
 struct, advise, admonish, command. 
 a-lasran, to teach, instruct, 
 for-leeran, to mis-teach, mislead 
 by teaching, seduce. 
 
 ge-lseran, 1. to teach, instruct. 
 
 2. to bring before (Sat. 413: 9); to 
 
 advise to do, persuade, convince. 
 
 lser-gedgfe, adj. fitted to teach, for 
 
 teaching, adapted for instruction. 
 
 laerig, st. m. rim or edge of a shield. 
 
 Iebs, adv. 1. less, lest; — {>y, ]?§ lees, 
 conj. lest. — 2. n. the less; — ]?y laes, 
 so much the less. 
 
 lsessa, w. adj. (superl. lsesast, -est), 
 less, smaller, slighter. 
 
 leest, st. f. performance, fulfillment. 
 
 lsestan, lestan, w. v. 1. to perform, 
 follow out, hold, fulfill, execute, 
 accomplish. — 2. to follow (as a re- 
 tainer). Met. 1, 27. — 3. to last, 
 continue, remain. 
 
 ge-laestan, 1. to perform, make, 
 carry out, accomplish. — 2. to hold, 
 perform, fulfill. — 3. to stand by, 
 follow (as a retainer). — 4. to last, 
 continue, remain. 
 
 ful-leestan, to help, stand by, 
 assist. 
 ge-fullaestan, same as above. 
 
 leet, adj. 1. (cf. late), slack, lax, 
 negligent, hesitating. — 2. slow (of 
 time) .— 3. patient ? Cri. 436. 
 
 lsetan, letan, $t. red. v. 1. to let be 
 done, cause, occasion, permit, en- 
 dure. — 2. to leave (behind), aban- 
 don. — 3. to hand over. Chr. Sax. 
 852. ■ 
 
 S-lsetan, 1. to let, permit, en- 
 dure. — 2. to pardon. — 3. to lib- 
 erate, free. — 4. to let go, give up, 
 leave behind. 
 
 for-leetan, 1. to let, permit, 
 cause; — an, anne, ane forlsetan, to ■ 
 let alone, leave to one's self, give 
 up, abandon. — 2. to release, par- 
 don. — 3. to leave, abandon, avoid, 
 leave behind. — 4. to pass over, in- 
 dulge, conceal, 
 ge-leetan, to let. 
 of-laetan, to abandon, leave be- 
 hind. 
 on-laetan, to release, liberate. 
 
 laet-hydig, adj. lazy, slow-minded. 
 
 last-lice, adv. slowly, negligently. 
 
 keddu, st.f. suffering, insult, offense. 
 
laf — langsum 
 
 137 
 
 ISf, st. f. leaving, remnant, remains, 
 relic, heritage, inheritance ; w, gen. 
 following: 1. tliat of which some- 
 thing is left. — 2. the leaver or be- 
 queather. — 3. a thing from which 
 something has escaped. 
 
 lafian, w. v. in. 
 
 ge-lafian, to refresh, cheer. Cf. 
 Ger. laben. 
 
 lago, lagu, st. m. lake, sea, ocean; — 
 name for the Rune 1. 
 
 lagu, st. f. law. 
 
 lagu-craeftig, adj. acquainted with 
 the sea, skilled in seafaring (lake- 
 crafty). 
 
 lagu-faesten, st. n. water-fastness, 
 sea, ocean. 
 
 lagu-fsedam, st. m. water-embrace, 
 enveloping waves. 
 
 lagu-flod, st. m. water-flood, sea, 
 stream (lake-flood). 
 
 lagu-lad, st.f. seaway, sea-path or 
 journey. 
 
 lagu-mearg, st. m. seahorse, ship. 
 
 lagu-sid, st. m. sea-journey, naviga- 
 tion, ship's path. 
 
 lagu-straet, st. f. watery way, sea- 
 path. 
 
 lagu-stream, st. m. sea-stream, sea- 
 current, sea, ocean, river. 
 
 lagu-swimmende, part, sea-swim- 
 ming. 
 
 ISm, st. m. loam, clay, muck, filth. 
 
 lama, w. adj. lame, weakly. 
 
 lamb, st. n. lamb. 
 
 lambor, lomber, st. n. same as above. 
 
 lam-feet, st. n. vessel of clay (loam- 
 vat). 
 
 lam-rindum? Ruin. 17. 
 
 land, lond, st. n. 1. land in contrast 
 to water. — 2. land in contrast to 
 air.— 3. tillable land, field, real 
 estate, soil. — 4. land, territory, do- 
 minion, realm. 
 
 land-buend, part. & subs, land- 
 dweller, inhabitant, native. 
 
 land-fruma, w. m. land prince. 
 
 land-gemyrcu, -gemerou, st. n. pi. 
 
 landmarks, frontier, territory 
 
 marked out. 
 land-gesceaft, st.J'. earthly creature, 
 
 mortal. 
 land-geweorc, sit. n. working of the 
 
 land? fortification? earthwork? 
 land-man, st. m. land-inhabit er, na- 
 tive. 
 land-mearc, st. f. landmark, limit 
 
 of the land, frontier, 
 land-rest, st. f. rest in the grave. 
 land-riht, st. «. right to landed es- 
 tate; hence, landed estate. 
 land-sceap, st. n. land, landscape, 
 land-scearu, .9*. /. land, province, 
 
 domain, 
 land-scipe, st. m. land, landscape, 
 
 landskip. 
 Iand-s6cn, st. f. land-seeking, 
 land-stede, st. m. place or position 
 
 on the land, location. 
 land-wapi, st. f. (total) land-popu- 
 lation. 
 land-wela, v. m. earthly wealth, 
 
 riches, possessions (land-wealth), 
 land-weard, st. m. land-warden, 
 
 shore-guard. 
 lang, long, adj. long (space and 
 
 time); compar. lengra; super I. 
 
 lengest. 
 langad. See langod. 
 lange, longe, adv. long, a long time ; 
 
 compar. leug and lenge; svperl. 
 
 lengest. 
 lang-fyrst, st. m. long space of time, 
 
 long time. 
 langian, longian, w. v. to long, long 
 
 after; impers. w. ace. of person 
 
 who longs. 
 
 a-langian, impels, to last too 
 
 long, to demand? Seel. 154. 
 langod, langad, longad, st. m. 
 
 longing, 
 langsum, longsum, adj. longsome, 
 
 long-lasting, lasting, tedious, long. 
 
138 
 
 laiigtwidig — lSgbryne 
 
 lang-twidig, adj. long granted, lent 
 for a long time. 
 
 langung, longung, st. f. 1. longing. 
 2. disgust, ennui. Ps. 118, 28. 
 
 langung-hwil, st. f. time of disgust, 
 ennui. 
 
 lann, lonn, st. f. chain, fetter? Sal. 
 265, 278. 
 
 lar, st. f. 1. (lore), teaching, instruc- 
 tion, learning, preaching. — 2.eoun- 
 sel, exhortation, encouragement, 
 command, commission. — 3. exam- 
 ple (Exod. 405). — 4. cunning (Gen. 
 2693).— 5. history (An. 1480). 
 
 ISr-craeft,' st. m. lore-craft, teaching, 
 knowledge. Sal. 3. 
 
 ISr-cwide, st. m. teaching, speech, 
 sermon, discourse. 
 
 lareow, lSriow, st. m. teacher. 
 
 lar-smid (pi. -smeodas), st. m. lore- 
 smith, teacher, leader, counselor. 
 
 last, leSst, st. to. 1. trace, a track 
 left behind, footstep, trail. Cf. 
 shoe-last. — 2. on laste, behind, 
 following behind. — 3. gait, step. 
 
 last-weard, st. m. track-guarder ; 
 hence, 1. successor, heir. — 2. per- 
 secutor, pursuer. 
 
 last-word, st. re. fame after death, 
 posthumous glory. 
 
 late, adv. laxly, slowly. 
 
 latian, leatian, w. v. to be slack, 
 late, indolent; to hesitate. 
 
 latteow, latpebw, st. m. leader, 
 guide. 
 
 latu, st. f. hesitation, tarrying. 
 
 ltd, st. re. suffering, harm, evil, in- 
 jury, dime ulty, injustice, insult, sin. 
 
 ISd, adj. loath, loathing. — 1. causing 
 pain, sorrow, death ; painful.bitter, 
 bad.— 2. hateful, hated, loath- 
 some. — 3. hostile. — snbs. enemy. 
 
 lad-bite, st. m. hostile bite, wound. 
 
 lSde, adv. hostilely. Ps. 118, 87. 
 
 Md-genldla, w. m. one that thinks, 
 strives after, hostility; persecutor, 
 enemy. 
 
 lad-geteona, w.m. harm-doer,enemy. 
 
 lad-gewinna, w. m. enemy. 
 
 ladian, w. v. to invite, ask. (Ger. 
 laden.) 
 ge-ladian, the same as above. 
 
 lad-lie, adj. loathly, hateful, un- 
 pleasant, troublesome, painful. 
 
 lad-lice, adv. hatefully,disgustingly. 
 
 lad-scipe, st. m. loathsomeness, suf- 
 fering, misfortune, unhappiness., 
 
 lad-searo, st. n. hateful cunning, in- 
 trigue. 
 
 lad-sid,s£. m. hateful journey, death,, 
 destruction. 
 
 lad-spell, st. re. sad or evil tidings, 
 loathly spell. Cf. good-spell 
 (gospel). 
 
 lad-treow, st. n. loathly tree, tree 
 of death or destruction. 
 
 lad-wende, adj. hostile, hateful, 
 troublesome, bad. 
 
 lad-wendemod, adj. hostile-minded. 
 
 lad-weorc, st. re. loathly work, evil 
 deed. 
 
 leccan, w. v. (pret. leohte), to wet, 
 moisten. 
 ge-leccan, the same as above. 
 
 leccan, w. v.? 
 
 6-leccan,-liccan,to flatter,make 
 advances, honor, revere, adore. 
 
 lecgan, w. v. to lay, set, place. 
 
 S-lecgan, 1. to lay, lay down.— 
 
 2. to lay upon, impose (Gen. 2684). 
 
 3. to lay down, resign, give up, 
 abandon. — 4. to diminish, lessen. 
 
 be-,bi-lecgan,to belay, surround. 
 
 ge-lecgan, to lay, place. 
 
 of-lecgan, to lay down or off. 
 ledan, lgde. See leedan, lecgan. 
 lef, adj. weak, feeble. 
 lgfan, lgft. See lyfan, lyft. 
 lgg, st. m. flame, fire. Cf. low. 
 legan, w. v. to break out in flames, 
 to ignite. 
 
 be-, bi-16gan, to flame about, 
 surround with fire. 
 l§g-bryne, st. m. burning fire. 
 
legdraca — leodan 
 
 139 
 
 leg-draca, w. m. fiery dragon, 
 legen, part. Cf . licgan (to lie). 
 legeii, adj. flaming, fiery. 
 leger, st. ni. lying-place, bed. Cf . lair, 
 leger-bed, st. n. the same as above. 
 ISh, pret. Cf. leogan (to speak 
 
 falsely), 
 lehtor. See leahtor (laughter), 
 leinian (lemman?), ic. v. to lame, 
 
 hinder, oppress, crush. 
 lencten, st. m. spring, springtime 
 
 (lent), 
 lencten-tid, st.f. same as above, 
 lendan, w. v. to land, 
 lgne. See laene (lent). 
 leng. See lange. 
 lengan, w. v. 1. to lengthen out, 
 
 prolong, procrastinate, put off. — 
 
 2. intr. to extend to, reach, attain, 
 ge-lengan, to lengthen,prolong. 
 lenge, lengest. See lange, lang. 
 lenge, adj. at hand, near, extending 
 
 along, 
 lengian, w. s;.»to long for, demand; 
 
 impers. w. ace. of person who longs. 
 
 Sal. 270. 
 lengra, lengust. See lang. 
 lengu, st. f. length. 
 leppan, w. v. to weaken, exhaust, 
 
 render languid, 
 lesan, st. all. v. III. to pick, select, 
 
 collect. [choose, 
 
 a-lesan, to pick out, select, 
 lesan. See lysan. 
 lest. See least, 
 lestan. See lsestan. 
 letan. See lsetan. 
 lettan, w. v. (w. ace. of person, and 
 
 gen. of thing), to let or hinder one 
 
 in a matter. 
 
 ge-lettan, to hinder, detain, pre- 
 vent, injure. 
 leder, st. n. leather, hide, 
 ledre. See lydre. 
 lead, st. n. lead. 
 ISaf, st. f. leave, permission. 
 leaf, st. n. leaf, foliage. 
 
 leafnes-word, st. »». leave, permis- 
 sion. 
 
 leaf-scaed, st. ». leaf-shadow, tree- 
 shadow. 
 
 lean. See lihan (to lend). 
 
 leahan. See lean (to lend). 
 
 leahtor, leahter, st. m. 1. reproach. 
 2. sin, crime, misdoing. 
 
 leahtor-cwide, st. m. reproachful 
 talk, blasphemy. 
 
 leahtor-leas, adj. 1. blameless, free 
 from reproach. — 2. sinless, crime- 
 less. 
 
 lean, st. dbl. v. IV. to scold, blame, 
 censure. 
 
 be-lean (w. dat. of person, and 
 gen. of thing), to censure one out 
 of a thing, to dissuade by blame 
 or reproach. 
 
 lean, st. n. loan, reward, restitution, 
 compensation, advantage, profit. 
 
 lean, st. n. loan, partial gift. 
 
 leanian, w. v. to reward, compensate. 
 ge-leanian, the same as above. 
 
 leap, st. m. 1. basket. — 2. carcass. 
 (Jud. Ill), lap? 
 
 leas, adj. loose, free, empty, bare, 
 bereft. 
 
 ISas, adj. loose, false,deceitf ul, faith- 
 less, inconstant, disgraceful. 
 
 leas, st. ■«,. falsehood, lie. 
 
 leasing, leasung, st. f. leasing, false- 
 hood, lie, deceit, delusion. 
 
 leas-llc, adj. false, deceitful. 
 
 least. See ISst (track). 
 
 leatian. See latian (to be slack). 
 
 leaw-finger, st. m. index-finger. 
 
 leax, st. m. salmon. (Ger. lachs.) 
 
 leo, w. to. &/. lion, lioness. 
 
 leod, st. m. prince, leader. 
 
 ISod, llod, st.f. folk, people; — n.pl. 
 one's race; people, men. 
 
 leoda. See lida. 
 
 leodan, liodan, st. abl. v. VI. to spring 
 up, grow. 
 
 a-leodan, the same as above. 
 ge-lSodan, to grow, increase. 
 
140 
 
 leodbealu — leohte 
 
 leod-bealu, st. «. folk-bale, injury 
 
 to the people or nation. 
 ISod-burg, st. f. folk-burg, princely 
 
 eastle, capital, metropolis, 
 lebd-cyning, st. m. folk-king, ruler, 
 leod-fruma, w. m. prince of the 
 
 people, ruhsr. 
 lebd-geborga, w. m. people's pro- 
 tector, influential man. 
 lgod-gebyrga, -gea, w. m. the same. 
 leod-gewin, st. n. popular strife, 
 
 struggle, 
 leod-geard, st. m. national or urban 
 
 inclosure or limits; town, state, 
 
 domain. 
 lgod-gryre, st. m. people's terror, 
 
 horror seizing and afflicting the 
 
 people. 
 l§od-hata,H>. m. people-hater, tyrant, 
 
 despot. 
 leo d-het e, st.m. hate from the people, 
 
 popular hatred. 
 lgod-hryre, s t. m . defeat, downfall, 
 
 death of the people or prince. 
 ISod-hwaste, adj. very valiant. 
 lebd-nueg, st. m. relation from the 
 
 same people, one of the people, 
 
 people's companion, comrade. 
 lSod-msegen, st. n. might of the 
 
 people, multitude, host. 
 l§od-mearc, st. f. people's mark, 
 
 domain, territory. 
 l§od-riht, st. n. law of the land, 
 leod-sceada, to. m. folk-scather, de- 
 stroyer of the people, 
 leod-scearu, st. f. division of the 
 
 people, tribe, nation, country, 
 
 province. 
 lgod-scipe, st. m. same as above, 
 leod-stefn, st. m. race, tribe. 
 le"od-bebw, st. to. people's custom, 
 
 popular usage. 
 l§od-weras, st. m. pi. men, human 
 
 beings. 
 l§od-werod, st. n. host, collection 
 
 of people. 
 
 leod-weard, st /. guardianship of 
 the people, government, territory. 
 
 leod-wyn, st. f. people's joy, joy 
 from living together with one's 
 people. 
 
 ISof, liof, adj. dear, valued (lief). 
 
 leofan, st. abl. v. VI. to love, enjoy, 
 choose, prefer ? value ? Dan. 56. 
 
 leofon, lifen, st. f. food, nourish- 
 ment. 
 
 leofian. See lifian (to live). 
 
 leofian, w. v. to be or become dear. 
 Gu. 110. 
 
 leoflic, adj. lovely, dear, valued, 
 amiable. 
 
 leoflice, adv. in a loving, friendly 
 manner. 
 
 leof-spell, st. n. love-spell, loving 
 or precious knowledge. 
 
 lgof-tsel (-taele), adj. kind, friendly. 
 
 ]£of-wende, adj. loving, friendly, 
 courteous. 
 
 leof-wendum, adv. instr. pi. same 
 as above. ■ 
 
 leogan, st. abl. v. VI. to lie, deceive, 
 betray. 
 
 a-leogan, to lie, belie, leave un- 
 fulfilled. 
 
 ge-leogan, to lie, deceive,- be- 
 tray. 
 
 leoht. See lecoan (to wet). 
 
 ISoht, adj. light. 
 
 le"oht, adj. bright, flashing, clear. 
 
 leoht, lioht, lint, st. n. light, day- 
 light. 
 
 leohtau, to. -v. to lighten, shine forth, 
 illumine, 
 in-leohtan, the same as above. 
 on-l§ohtan, the same as above. 
 
 leoht-b£ere, adj. light-bearing, bril- 
 liant. 
 
 leokt-berende, part, light-bearing, 
 Lucifer. 
 
 leohte, pre t. of leccan (to wet). 
 
 leohte, adv. brightly, clearly, bril- 
 liantly. 
 
leoht f tet — licgan 
 
 141 
 
 leoht-faet, st. n. light-vessel, lantern, 
 candelabrum, torch. 
 
 leoht-frunia, w. m. creator, prince 
 of light. 
 
 lgohtian, w.v. to give light, illumine. 
 
 leoht-lic, adj. brilliant, flashing, 
 light-like. [going. 
 
 leoht-mdd, adj. light-minded, easy- 
 
 leolc, pret. of lacan (to play). 
 
 leonia, w. m. light, brightness. 
 
 leomu, pi. of lim (limb). 
 
 leoran, w. v. to go, move off or by, 
 pass away, vanish. 
 ge-leoran, to go, wander, roam. 
 ofer-leoran, to pass over or be- 
 yond. 
 
 leornere, st. m. scholar, one taught, 
 learner. 
 
 leomian, to. v. to learn, estimate, re- 
 flect over, think out, conceive, 
 ge-leornian, to learn. 
 
 leorning, leornung, st.f. learning, 
 teaching. 
 
 leomung-crseft, st. m. learning, 
 science, knowledge. 
 
 leort, pret. of leetan. 
 
 leosan, st. all. v. VI. in 
 
 be-leosan, bi-, 1. to rob of, de- 
 prive. — 2. to be robbed, lose. 
 
 for-lSosan, 1. w. ace. to destroy, 
 ruin. — 2. w. ace. & instr. to lose 
 something. 
 
 ISot, pret. of leetan. 
 
 leod, liod, st. «. lay, song, poem. 
 
 leod-crseftig, adj. skilled in song, 
 acquainted with song. 
 
 leod-gidding, st. f. lay, song, poem. 
 
 leodian. See lidian. 
 
 leodian, w. v. to sing, sound (forth), 
 resound. 
 
 leodu, st. f. retinue, followers. 
 Beim. 14. 
 
 leodo, pi. of lid, or leodu. 
 
 leodor = hleodor, sound, tone ? — or 
 leodor, leather? 
 
 leodu-bend, st. m. & f. limb-band, 
 fetter. (Ger. glied.) 
 
 lgodu-caege, st. f. limb-key (?), 
 limbs serving for a key? Cri. 334. 
 
 ISodu-crasft, st. m. skill of limb, 
 sleight-of-hand. 
 
 lcodu-crasft, st. m. lay-craft, poesy, 
 ars j'octica. 
 
 lSodu-crcEftig, adj. skilled ^7ith one's 
 limbs, alert. 
 
 leodu-fcest, adj. well-skilled in. 
 
 leodu-lic, adj. appertaining to the 
 limbs. 
 
 leodu-rmi, st.f. song-secret, secret 
 instruction or message given in 
 song. 
 
 l§odu-syrce, w. /. limb-sark, corse- 
 let woven of links. 
 
 leodu- w2c, adj. (limb-weak), with' 
 supple limbs. 
 
 leod-word, st. n. song-word, poetic, 
 word, words of a song. 
 
 ISod-wyrht, st. f. poetry, something 
 •wrought in song. 
 
 libban, lybban, w..v. to live. 
 a-libban, the same as above, 
 be-libban, part, belifd, deprived 
 of life, dead. 
 
 Ho, st. n. body. Cf. M. E. lyche. 
 (Ger. leiehe.) 
 
 lican, v. to please, like (impers). 
 
 lio-bysig, adj. ready of body, active 
 of limb. 
 
 liccan. See leccan (to hurt). 
 
 Iiccian, w. v. to lick. 
 
 licend-lic, lyoend-, adj. likable, 
 agreeable, pleasant. 
 
 licettan, w. v. to pretend, be hypo- 
 critical, delude, dissemble. 
 
 llc-faet, st. n. (body-vat), body. 
 
 licgan, licgeaa, st. all. v. HI. 1. to 
 lie, lie down. — 2. to lay one's 
 self, succumb,lie prostrate,rest,f ail 
 a-licgan, to lie, succumb, lie 
 prostrate, rest, cease, fail, give up. 
 be-, bi-licgan, to lie about, sur- 
 round, inclose. (Cf. beleaguer.) 
 
 for-licgan, to lie unlawfully, lie 
 with, cohabit. 
 
142 
 
 lichama — limhal 
 
 lic-hama, -homa, w. m. body (as the 
 soul's home). 
 
 lio-hord, at. n. body-hoard, body's 
 contents or interior. 
 
 lic-hryre, st. m. decay, destruction 
 of the body. 
 
 lician, ic. v. to like (impers. ) please, 
 ge-liciaii, same as above. Hy. 
 11, 17. 
 
 liciend-lic, adj. agreeable, pleasant. 
 
 Hc-sar, st. n. wound, bodily pain. 
 Cf. sore. 
 
 lic-syrce, w. f. body-sark, body- 
 corselet. 
 
 lic-wund, st. f. ■wound. 
 
 lic-wyrde, -werde, adj. worthy of 
 applause or liking, agreeable. 
 
 lid, lid, st. n. vehicle, means of get- 
 ting about, boat. 
 
 lida, leoda, n\ m. sailor. 
 
 liJb.n, st abh v. V. to grow. Ps. 91: 
 11; Eid. 34: 11). 
 
 lid^n. See lldan. 
 
 lid-man, st. m. sailor, seafarer. 
 
 lid-w§rig, adj. sea-weary. 
 
 lid-weard, st m. ship-warden. 
 
 lif, st. n. life. 
 
 lif, adj. weak? Wy. 18. 
 
 lifan. See lyfan (to allow). 
 
 Ufan.to leave.leave over (Gen. 1916), 
 concede, relinquish. 
 
 llf-bysig, adj. toiling for life, strug- 
 gling with death. 
 
 lif-cearu, st. f. life-care, grief. 
 
 lif-daeg, st. m. life-day, life. 
 
 lifdBrjiret. of libban (to live). 
 
 lifen. See leofen. 
 
 lifer, st. f. 1. liver. — 2. the liver- 
 mass, together with its blood. 
 Aa.. 1278. 
 
 lif-faest, adj. vigorous. 
 
 lif-frga, w. m. lord of life. 
 
 lif-fruma, w. m. originator or author 
 of life. 
 
 lifgan. See lifian. 
 
 lif-gedal, st. n. separation from life, 
 death. 
 
 llf-gesceaft, st. f. life-fate, destiny. 
 
 lif-getwinnan, w. m. jj/. twins. 
 
 lifian, lifBan, lifgan, leofian, w. v. to 
 live. 
 
 lif-naru, st. f. {dat. nere), food, nour- 
 ishment, that which preserves life. 
 
 lift. See lyft (air). 
 
 lif-weg, st. m. life-path, way of life. 
 
 lif-wela, w. m. 1. life-weal, life's 
 blessings; glorious, heavenly life. 
 2. wealth. 
 
 lif-weard, st. m. life- warden, guard- 
 ian of life. 
 
 lif-wradu, st. f. life-protection, per- 
 sonal safety. 
 
 lif-wyn, st. f. enjoyment of life, 
 pleasure, joy. 
 
 llg, ligg, st. m. & n. flame, fire. 
 
 llg-bryne, st. m. burning fire. 
 
 lig-cwalu, st /. fiery torment. 
 
 lig-draca, w. m. fiery dragon. 
 
 lige. See lyge (lie). 
 
 Ug-ege^a, ic. m. fiery horror or terror 
 (of the dragon). 
 
 ligsn. See lygen (lie). 
 
 liget, st.f. & ». flash, lightning-flash. 
 
 llg-fyr, st. n. flame of fire. 
 
 llgnian. See lygnian (to deny). 
 
 lig-bracu, st. f. fiery onset or im- 
 petus. 
 
 lig-yd, st /. wave of fire. 
 
 lihan, lyhan, st abl. v. V. to lend, 
 give, 
 on-llhan, the same as above. 
 
 lint. See Igoht (light). 
 
 lilitan, w. v. to alight, light, descend, 
 ge-lihtan, to descend to (Sat. 
 431); also, gelyhtan, to shine 
 forth, illumine. 
 
 lihtan. See lyhtan. 
 
 lilie, /. lily. 
 
 lira, st. n. 1. limb. — 2. branch. 
 
 11m, st m. lime, gluten, mortar, ce- 
 ment. 
 
 lim-hal, adj. limb- whole, sound of 
 limb. 
 
limnacod — lidigan 
 
 143 
 
 lim-nacod, adj. naked of limb, 
 stark naked. 
 
 limpan, st. all. v. I. (impers. w.dat.), 
 to happen, occur, take place, hap- 
 pen to, befall, succeed. 
 
 a-limpan, to occur, take place, 
 befall, fall to one's lot. 
 
 be-limpan, w. dat. to come upon, 
 befall. 
 ge-limpan = limpan. 
 
 lini-seoc, adj. limb-sick, lame, par- 
 alytic. 
 
 lim-wsede, st. n. limb-weeds, cloth- 
 ing, covering for the limbs. 
 
 lim-wsestm, st. m. growth of limb, 
 stature. 
 
 Iim-w8rig, adj. limb-weary, weary 
 of limb. 
 
 linan, w. v. to follow line by line, 
 
 examine critically, learn. Sol. 86. 
 
 • lind, st. f. linden, lime; — in the 
 
 poets=shield, linden-shield ( shield 
 
 covered with linden-bast). 
 
 lind-croda, w. m. shield-crowding, 
 collision of shields, battle-clash, 
 battle. 
 
 linden, adj. linden, of lime-wood. 
 
 lind-gebora, w. m. shielded pro- 
 tector. 
 
 lind-gecrod, st. n. shielded crowd, 
 troop with shields. 
 
 lind-gelac, st. n. shield-sport, battle 
 between shield-bearers (soldiers). 
 
 lind-gestealla, w. m . shield-comrade, 
 battle-companion, squire. 
 
 lind-haebbend, part. & subs, shield- 
 bearer, warrior with shield. 
 
 lind-hwast, adj. shield-brave, valiant 
 shield-bearer. El. 11. 
 
 lind-plega, w. m. shield-play, con- 
 flict of shield-bearers. 
 
 lind-wered, st. n. troop armed with 
 shields. 
 
 lind-wiga, w. m. shield-warrior. 
 
 lind-wigen, -wiggend, part. & suds. 
 the same as above. 
 
 line, w.f. line, cable, hawser; line, 
 series, row; discipline, directing, 
 direction. 
 
 linnan, lynnan, st. abl. v. I. to yield, 
 go off, desist; — w. instr. or gen. to 
 be deprived of, lose, 
 a-lyiman, to free, liberate. 
 
 lis, liss, st. f. indulgence, favor, 
 grace, softness, rest, pleasure. 
 
 lisne? Ps. 52, 6. 
 
 lissan? Sol. 294. 
 
 list, st. m. & f. art, experience, wis- 
 dom, skill, cunning ; — instr. pi. 
 listum,artfully,thoughtfully,heed- 
 fully. (Ger. list.) 
 
 list-hendig, adj. cunning-handed, 
 skilled. 
 
 listan. See lystan (to lust after). 
 
 lit (Met. 26 : 119). See lytan (to bow). 
 
 litel. See lytel. 
 
 lid. See lid. 
 
 lid = liged. See licgan (to lie). 
 
 lid, st. n. limb, limbs. (Scotch, lith.) 
 
 lid, st. m. a drink; beaker, cup. 
 
 lid, adj. gentle, soft, mild. Cf. lithe. 
 (Ger. lind.) 
 
 Lida, to. m. the months June and 
 July. Men. 108. 
 
 lldan, st. ail. v. V. 1. to go, move, 
 travel, voyage, fly. — 2. to be de- 
 prived of, lose. Gn. Ex. 26. 
 
 be-lidan, to flee away, escape, 
 abandon; to rob of. 
 
 ge-lidan, to move, journey, go, 
 come, reach; to pass away. 
 
 ofer-lidan, to stride over, pass 
 over or beyond. 
 
 lide, adj. gentle, mild, soft, kind, 
 agreeable, peaceful, friendly, be- 
 nevolent. 
 
 lide, adv. gently, softly. 
 
 lictian, leodian, to. v. in 
 
 a-leodian, to remove a limb, 
 take out, extract. 
 t6-lidian,todismember,separate. 
 
 lidigan, w. v. to soften. 
 
 on-lidigan, to indulge, become 
 indulgent. 
 
144 
 
 lidre — lyfan 
 
 lidre, w. f. sling, slinging-pouch. 
 lids, st. f. mildness, gentleness, re- 
 pose. 
 lid-wsege, st. n. drinking-cup con- 
 taining lid (a fermented, wine-like 
 drink). B. 1982. 
 
 linan = linan. Sol. 86. 
 
 lixan, liexan, w. v. to flash, shine 
 forth. 
 
 Hod, llodan, liof, lioht, liod, liodu. 
 See ISod, 16odan, l§of, ISoht, l§od, 
 leodu. 
 
 loc, st. m. lock (of hair). 
 
 loo, st. n. lock, bolt, bar. 
 
 loca, io. m. lock, bolt, bar; locking 
 
 • up, captivity, imprisonment. 
 
 locen, st. u. lock. 
 
 locen, part, of lucan (to lock). 
 
 locian, w. v. to look, see, behold. 
 
 lof, st. n. (m.) praise, laudation. 
 (Ger. lob.) 
 
 lof, st. ii. shady spot, protection, 
 help, favor, grace. 
 
 lof-dcsd, st. f. deed of praise. 
 
 lof-georn, adj. desirous of praise. 
 
 lofian, w. v. to praise, exalt, cele- 
 brate, magnify. 
 
 lof-maegen, st. n. numerous mani- 
 festations of praise; laudation. 
 
 lof-sang, st. m. song of praise, eu- 
 logy, hymn. 
 
 lof-sum, adj. praiseworthy. 
 
 16g, pret. of l§an (to blame). 
 
 loga, w. in. liar. [Used only in com- 
 pounds.] 
 
 lomber, lond, long, longad, longe, 
 lougian, lonn. See lamber, land, 
 &c. 
 
 losian, w. v. to be loosed from, taken 
 out; to escape, get away. 
 
 lot, st. n. cunning, fraud, deceit, be- 
 trayal. 
 
 loda, w. m. mantle, garment. 
 
 lucan, st abl. v. VI. 1. to lock, close, 
 inclose. — 2. to unite, link together, 
 interweave. — 3. intr. close. 
 
 be-, bi-luoan, to close, inclose, 
 embrace, preserve, protect. 
 
 ge-lucan (to close together), to 
 unite, weave together. 
 
 on-lucan, to unlock, open, 
 to-lucan, to open,dissolve,break 
 to pieces, destroy. 
 lufe, w. f. love, 
 lufen, st. f. hope, comfort? B. 2886, 
 
 Dan. 73. 
 lufian, w. v. to love, exhibit love by 
 word or deed. 
 
 ge-luSan, to love, cherish. 
 luf-sum, adj. lovesome, loving, 
 
 friendly. 
 luf-tacen, st. n. love-token, 
 lufu, st. f. love, 
 lungre, adr. hastily, quickly, soon, 
 
 immediately. 
 lust, st. m. pleasure, joy, lust, long- 
 ing, desire. 
 lust-gryn, -grin, st. f. pleasure-trap. 
 
 Seel. 23. 
 lustice, adv. merrily, gayly, lustily, 
 lust-lice, the same as above, 
 lutan, st. abl. v. VI. to lout, bow, 
 bend, fall down. 
 
 on-lutan, to bend, bow, incline, 
 strive. 
 
 under-lutan, to bow or bend 
 beneath or under, 
 lutian, w. v. in. 
 
 ge-lutian, to be concealed, hide 
 one's self. 
 lybban. See libban (to live). 
 lyccan, w. v. to snatch out, pluck 
 
 out. Met. 12, 28. 
 lycend-lic. See licendllc. 
 Iff. See lif. 
 lyfan, no. v. (lSof), in. 
 
 ge-lyfan, to render dear, endear. 
 
 Cf. lief. 
 
 lyfan, lefan, lifan, w. v. to leave, 
 
 allow, let, permit, grant, concede. 
 
 S-lyfan, to allow, grant, concede, 
 
 hand over. 
 
 ge-lyfan, to allow, grant. 
 
ly fan — lydre 
 
 14E 
 
 lyfan, lefan, Ilfan, w. v. to believe, 
 trust (in), 
 ge-lyfan, to believe, trust,hope. 
 
 lyfiau. See lifian. 
 
 lyft, at. m. & f. air. Cf. M. E. lift. 
 (Ger. htft.) 
 
 lyft, 16ft, st. n. vow, promise, gift. 
 
 lyft-edor, st. n. air-region, space of 
 the sky. 
 
 lyft-fset, st. n, air-vessel (the moon). 
 
 lyft-£§ogende, part, flying in air, 
 air-traversing. 
 
 lyft-floga, ir. m. flier in air. 
 
 lyft-gelac, st. n. air-sport, flight. 
 
 lyft-geswenced, part, air-rocked, 
 wind-tossed (of a ship in harbor). 
 B. 1913. 
 
 lyft-helm, st. m. air-helm, atmos- 
 phere, cloud, mist. 
 
 lyft-lacende, part, sporting in the 
 air, flying. 
 
 lyft-soeada, w. m. air-scather, foe 
 living in the air (crow). 
 
 lyft-wundor, st. n, air-wonder, 
 meteor. 
 
 lyft-wyn, st. f. revel in the air, joy 
 in the air (of the dragon). 
 
 lyge, lige, st. m. lie. 
 
 lygen, ligen, st. f. same as above. 
 
 lygen-word, st. n. lie-word, false- 
 hood. 
 
 lyge-searu, st. n. lying deception, 
 machination, cunning. 
 
 lyge-synnig, adj. si nnin g by lies, 
 liar. 
 
 lyge-torn, st. n. hypocritical or pre- 
 tended wrath. 
 
 lyge-word, st. n, lie-word, lie. 
 
 lyge-wyrhta, w. m. lie-wright, man- 
 ufacturer of lies. 
 
 lygnian, lignian, w. v. to-deny. Cf. 
 Ger. laugnen. 
 
 lyhan. See lihan (to lend). ' 
 
 lyhtan, lihtaii, if. v. to lighten, 
 flash, shine. 
 
 geond-lyhtan, to flash or shine 
 through. 
 
 in-lyhtan, to flash forth, illu- 
 mine, 
 on-lyhtan, the same as above. 
 
 lyhd, lyhd. See l§an, ISogan. 
 
 lynd, st. f. fat, grease. 
 
 lynnan. See linnan (to cease). 
 
 lyre, st. m. loss, destruction. 
 
 lysan, lesan, w. v. to loose, redeem, 
 liberate. 
 
 a-lysan, to let loose, release, 
 ransom, liberate. 
 
 on-lysan, 1. to loose, unloose. 
 2. to redeem, ransom. 
 
 to-lysan, 1. to dissolve. — 2. to 
 separate. 
 
 lystan, w. v., impers. iv. ace. of per- 
 son, and gen. of thing; or w. inf. 
 to lust after, long for, long ;—part. 
 gelysted, longing for, desirous of. 
 
 lysu, adj. base, false, faithless. 
 
 lysu, st. v. falsehood. 
 
 lyt, adj. little. 
 
 lyt, n. adj. few, not many. 
 
 lyt, 3d pers. sg. pros, of lutan (to 
 bow). 
 
 lytan, litan, w. v. to lout, bow, bend, 
 turn. 
 
 lytegian, w. v. to be hypocritical, 
 dissimulate, pretend, dissemble. 
 
 lytel, litel, adj. little, small. 
 
 lytel-hydig, adj. little-minded, pu- 
 sillanimous. 
 
 lytes-nS, adv. within a little, nearly, 
 almost. 
 
 Iyt-hw6n, n. & adv. little, but little. 
 
 lytlian, w. v. to lessen, decrease, 
 ge-lytlian, to diminish, depre- 
 ciate, belittle, degrade. 
 
 lydre, ledre, adj. lewd, bad, base, 
 corrupt, unworthy. 
 
146 
 
 ma — maegenprym 
 
 M 
 
 mS, 1. n. subs. & adj. more. — 2. adv. 
 more, longer (quantitative or tem- 
 poral or frequentative), = plus, 
 magis, and amplius. 
 
 macian, w. v. in. 
 
 ge-macian, to make, prepare. 
 
 rua-creeftig, adj. having more vigor 
 or power than others, highly 
 skilled. 
 
 mad-mod, st. n. madness, weak- 
 mindedness. 
 
 mse, adv. more. 
 
 maso, adj. eomrade-like, companion- 
 able. — subs, comrade. 
 
 maecg, mecg, st. m. man. 
 
 maecga, to. m. the same as above. 
 
 msedan, w. v. in [fatuate. 
 
 ge-maedan, to fool, madden, in- 
 
 maeg. See magan. 
 
 meeg, st. m. blood relation of any 
 kind ; son, nephew, cousin, brother, 
 grandson, kinsman, &e. 
 
 maeg, st. f. female blood-relation; 
 wife, woman, maiden. 
 
 meeg-burg, st. f. 1. kindred in gen- 
 eral; family, tribe, race, people, 
 nation. — 2. genealogy, family tree. 
 
 maegden, st )?. maiden, girl, young 
 woman (unmarried). 
 
 masgden-had, st. m. maidenhood. 
 
 masge. See magan. 
 
 maege, w. f. female (blood) relation. 
 
 maegen. See magan (may). 
 
 masgen, masgn, maegyn, st. n. 1. 
 power,main-strength,bodily vigor, 
 might, ability, virtue. — 2. forces, 
 multitude, army. 
 
 maegen-agend, part, possessing 
 strength, valiant, heroic. 
 
 maegen-byrden, st f. immense bur- 
 then. 
 
 maegen-cordor, st. n. strong troop, 
 large force. 
 
 masgen-crasft, st. m. great strength, 
 
 power. 
 maegen-cyning, st. m. mighty king, 
 
 virtuous king. 
 masgen-dsad, st. f. deed of strength 
 
 or power, 
 maegen-ellen, st. n. great strength, 
 
 heroic vigor, 
 maegen-eaca, «■. m. increase of pow- 
 er or strength, strengthening. 
 maegen-eacen, adj. vigorous, sturdy, 
 
 able-bodied, 
 maegen-earfede, st. u. great misery 
 
 or trial, 
 maegen-faest, adj. steadfast, strong, 
 masgen-folc, st. n. powerful nation 
 
 or people. 
 maegen-fultum, st. m. vigorous sup 
 
 port, 
 masgen-haep, -heap, adj. vigorous 
 
 powerful. 
 maegen-raes, st. m. violent onslaught, 
 maegen-r6f, adj. powerful. 
 maegen-scype, st. m. might, power, 
 maegen-sped, st. f. abundant power 
 
 strength, main-speed, 
 maegen-stan, st. m. immense stone 
 
 rock, 
 masgen-strang, adj. strong, ener 
 
 getic. 
 maegen-strenge, adj. same as above 
 maegen-strengdu, -strengu, st. f. 
 
 main strength, great strength 
 
 power, 
 maegen-pegen, st. m. powerful 
 
 thane, 
 maegen-pise, w. f. attack? Bid. 
 
 28, 10. 
 masgen-br§at, st. m. host, large troop 
 msegen-prym, st. m. 1. glory.— 2. 
 
 vigor, strength, power. — 3. noise, 
 
 tumult (Exod. 540). — 4. heavenly 
 
 host or glory. 
 
maegen^rymnes — maesse 
 
 147 
 
 msegen-brymnes, st. f. great glory, 
 majesty. 
 
 maegen-weorc, st. n. immense 
 ■work. 
 
 maegen-wisa, jr. m. (powerful) lead- 
 er, general. 
 
 maegen-wudu, st. m. might-wood, 
 spear. 
 
 msegen-wundor, st. n. (great) mar- 
 vel of glory, striking wonder. 
 
 masged. See maegd. 
 
 masg-lufe, tc.f. love between kin- 
 dred; connubial love. 
 
 maegn. See maegen. 
 
 maegnian, it. v. to be strong, mighty, 
 possess strength. 
 
 maegon. See magan (may). 
 
 masg-rasden, st. f. relationship, kin- 
 ship. 
 
 maegd, mseged, st. f. maid, virgin, 
 wife, woman. 
 
 maegd, st. f. tribe, folk, nation, fam- 
 ily. 
 
 masgd-Md, st. m. maidenhood, vir- 
 ginity. 
 
 masg-wine, St. m. blood-friend, kins- 
 man. 
 
 maeg-wlite, mag-, st. m. family like- 
 ness, aspect, appearance, form, 
 figure. 
 
 maegyn, masht, maehtig. See 
 masgen, meant, meaMig. 
 
 masl, st. n. 1. measure. — 2. what is 
 measured: time, point of time. — 
 3. meal, meals. — 4. mole, spot. — 
 5. in compounds, meal, in piece- 
 meal, &c. 
 
 masl, st. f. speech. 
 
 maslan, w. v. to speak, talk. 
 
 ge-maslan, the same as above. 
 on-maelan, to address, speak to. 
 
 mselan, w. v. to fleck, spoil, soil, 
 mark. Cf. mildew (?). 
 ge-maelan, the same as above. 
 
 masl-cearu, st. f. time-care, trouble 
 from (evil) times ? B. 189. 
 
 masl-dasg, st. m. a day's time, day. 
 
 masldan. See meldan. 
 
 masl-gesceaft, st. f. time allotted 
 by fate, lifetime, destiny. 
 
 maen. See man. 
 
 masnan, ir. r. to share; com- 
 municate, announce, pronounce, 
 speak of. 
 
 ge-maenan, to pronounce, speak 
 out, inform. 
 
 maenan, ic. v. 1. intr. to moan, com- 
 plain, sorrow, grieve. — 2. w. ace. 
 to bemoan, mourn over. 
 
 bi-masnan, to bewail, mourn 
 over. 
 
 maenan, w.t. to think. (Ger. meinen.) 
 
 masnan, »\ r. in. 
 
 ge-maenan, to injure malicious- 
 ly, break. B. 1101. 
 
 masne, adj. mean,inimical, infamous, 
 godless. 
 
 masngan, masni, maenig, masnieo, 
 masnigeo. See mengan, manig, 
 menigo. 
 
 masran, w. v. to spread, divulge, dis- 
 seminate, make known, mention, 
 magnify, eulogize, praise. 
 
 maeran, w. v. in. 
 
 ge-masran, to define, mark off; 
 increase. Wid. 42. 
 
 maere, mere, adj. 1. bright, clear, 
 mere. — 2. sublime, illustrious, fa- 
 mous, well-known, distinguished. 
 
 masre-, mere-torht, adj. bright- 
 shining. 
 
 masr-lice, adv. nobly, illustriously. 
 
 masrsian, w. v. 1. to make known, 
 celebrate, narrate. — 2. to distin- 
 guish (Met. 1, 6), render famous. 
 
 ge-masrsian, to distinguish, cel- 
 ebrate, render famous. 
 
 nicer d, masrdu, st. f. 1. glory, repute, 
 fame. — 2. glorious deed. 
 
 maer-weorc, st. n. noble work or 
 deed. 
 
 maesse, w. f. mass; fair (day on 
 which the annual fair is held, 2d 
 February). Men. 20. 
 
148 
 
 maessere — man 
 
 msessere, st. m. priest who conducts 
 mass. 
 
 msest, most, st. m. 1. trunk of a tree, 
 branch.— 2. mast (of a vessel). 
 
 msest, st. f. mast (vegetable matter). 
 
 msest, adj. siiperl. 1. greatest, most. 
 2. subs. n. most.— 3. adv. most, in 
 the greatest degree. 
 
 maestan, w. v. to feed with mast, 
 fatten. 
 
 a-maestan, the same as above. 
 
 maest-rap, st m. mast-rope, halyard. 
 
 niastan, w. v. in. 
 
 ge-mastan, impers. w. dat. or 
 ace. of person, to dream. 
 
 maste, adj. moderate, small, slight, 
 modest. 
 
 maetgan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-mastgan, to lessen, diminish. 
 
 masting, si. f. dream. 
 
 masd, st. f. (= gemet) (right) meas- 
 ure, limit; one's due, honor, right. 
 
 masd, st. /». dishonor? disgrace? 
 Deor. 14. 
 
 maedel, medel, st. n. 1. place of as- 
 sembly. — 2. assembly. — 3. speech, 
 interview. 
 
 maedel-, medel-cwide, st. m. speech. 
 
 maedel-, medel-hegend, part, hold- 
 ing conclave, deliberating. 
 
 msedel-hergend, part, the same. 
 
 maedel-, medel-stede, st. m. place 
 of assembly where a court is held, 
 negotiations take place, &c. 
 
 maedel-, medel-word, st. n. word, 
 speech. 
 
 masdlan, median, w. v. to speak, 
 talk. 
 
 masw, st. m. sea-mew, gull. 
 
 maga, w. m. son, young man, man. 
 
 mSga, w. m. relation. [Used only 
 in compounds.] 
 
 magan (mtigan), pret. pres. v. may, 
 can ; — pres. indie, sg. 1st & 3d pers. 
 masg ; 2d meant, miht ; pi. mSgon, 
 masgon (Gen. 2013) ; magan (An. 
 
 760, 1349); magum (Cri. 1179); 
 magun (Cri. 862); sitbj. sg. 1, 3, 
 msege; pi. masgen, masge (Exod. 
 428, Hy. 3, 13); pret. indie, sg. 
 1, 3, meahte, mehte, mihte; 2, 
 meahtes ; pi. mealitum (Jul. 599) ; 
 meahton, meahtan, mihton, 
 mihten (Jud. 24); subj. sg. 1, 3, 
 meahte, mihte ; 2, meahte, meah- 
 tes (Met. 24, 8, 11); meahtest 
 (Met. 24, 15); pi. meahton, 
 mihton (An. 132), meahtan (Az. 
 164), meahten (Ph. 573), mihten 
 (Sat. 500), meahte (Gu. 404), 
 mihte (Ps. 77, 1); — the indie. 
 maeg, may, is used in a hortative, 
 semi-imperative sense. 
 
 magas. See maeg. 
 
 mage, w. f. female relation. 
 
 magister, st. m. master. 
 
 magon. See magan. 
 
 magu, mago, st. m. 1. son. — 2. ser- 
 vant. — 3. man. 
 
 magu-dryht, -driht, st. f. troop, 
 band (of young men). 
 
 magu-geogud, st. f. youth, young 
 man. 
 
 magum, magun. See magan. 
 
 magu-rasdend, part. & subs, troop- 
 adviser, counselor. 
 
 magu-raeswa, w. m. leader of men. 
 
 magu-rinc, st. m. man. 
 
 magu-timber, st. n. 1. son. — 2. 
 growth, increase (of family rela- 
 tionships or connections). 
 
 magu-tudor, st. n. (/?), descendant, 
 scion. 
 
 magu-pegn, st. m. liegeman, vassal, 
 knightly follower, man. 
 
 mag-wlite. See masg-wlite. 
 
 mah, adj. regardless, unfortunate, 
 stubborn, hard, bad. 
 
 Maius, m. May. Men. 79. 
 
 mamrian, «•. v. to think out, elicit 
 by thought, scrutinize. 
 
 man. See munan. 
 
- m.aiwcoi c 
 
 149 
 
 man, maun, mon, monn, irreg, in.; 
 yru. maimes; (kit. nieenn, men, 
 menu; iiom. & air. j</. msen, men, 
 menu; grit, manna; <ht1. instr. 
 mauuum; — 1. man, person. — 2. 
 indef. one, they, anybody. (Ger. 
 man. 
 
 min, «<(/'. bad, godless, criminal, 
 mean. 
 
 min, st. it. uiu'iglit, badness, mean- 
 ness, injustice, crime, sin, evil 
 deed. 
 
 min-bealu, st. «. crime, cruelty, de- 
 testable deed. 
 
 min-cwealm, st. m. destruction, 
 death. 
 
 m.-in-cyii, -cymi, st. n. mankind, 
 men. 
 
 maud. See mond. 
 
 min-daed, st. f. evil deed, crime, 
 evil. Cf. main-swear. 
 
 man-dream, st. in. human joy, rev- 
 elry, festivity. 
 
 man-drinc, st. m. deadly drink, po- 
 tion. 
 
 man-dryhten, -drihten, st. m. lord 
 of men, prince of the people, 
 prince, lord. 
 
 manegu, manetian. See mengo, 
 monetiau. 
 
 mSn-fsehdu, st.f. deadly hostility, 
 feud, enmity. 
 
 man-faru, st.f. army, host (in mo- 
 tion!) Cf. agmen. 
 
 mSn-folm, st. f. criminal hand, 
 deadly hand. 
 
 mSn-fordeedla, ir. m. evil-doer, 
 criminal. 
 
 min-foi wyi lit, st. n. evil deed. sin. 
 
 man-fremmende, part, crime-doing, 
 sinning, criminal, vicious. 
 
 min-frea, ir. »i. evil, criminal lord; 
 ruler, devil. 
 
 man-ful, adj. full of evil, infamous, 
 mean, degraded. 
 
 min-genidla, ic. m. evil foe, per- 
 secutor. 
 
 mSn-gewyrhta, w. m. evil-doer, 
 
 sinner, 
 min-hus, st. ». evil house, house of 
 
 crime or criminals. 
 manian, monian, w. r. to admonish, 
 
 challenge, warn, remind. 
 ge-manian, the same as above, 
 min- idol, adj. mean and idle, vain 
 
 and bad. 
 manig, maeiiig, monig, adj. many a, 
 
 many, 
 manigeo. See mengu. 
 manig-feald, adj. many -fold. 
 manig-, mseni-fealdllce, cute, the 
 
 same as above. 
 mau-lica, ic. m. man-likeness, 
 
 statue, effigy. 
 man-lice, adr. like a man. 
 man-lufe, »•./. love for men. 
 mann. See man. 
 manna, monna, ir. m. man, person. 
 
 (fir and homo.) 
 manna, «. maiuia (Hebrew). Ps. 
 
 77, 25. 
 man-rim, st. n. multitude of men. 
 man-sceada, maan-scada, jr. »i. 
 
 evil in jurer, malicious foe, robber, 
 
 sinner. 
 man-sceat, st. in. usury, iniquitous 
 
 demand or exaction, 
 min-scy Id. -scild, st. f. guilt, crime, 
 
 fault. 
 man-scyldig, adj. criminal, guilty. 
 man-slagu, st.f. sinful torture, cruel 
 
 torment, scourging. 
 min-swaia, -swora, ir. »(. main 
 
 swearer, perjurer. 
 man-]?§aw, st. m. men's habit, cus- 
 tom. 
 man-Jiwaere, adj. philanthropic, be- 
 nevolent, gentle, mild. 
 man-pwjernes, st. f. philanthropy, 
 
 kindness, gentleness, mildness. 
 mSn-wam, -worn, st. in. evil stain, 
 
 crime, 
 nifin-weorc, st. n. evil 'work, crime. 
 min-weorc, adj. sinful. 
 
150 
 
 manweorud — meltan 
 
 man-weorud, st. n. collection of 
 
 men, multitude, congregation. 
 man-wise, w. f. men's -wise, cus- 
 tom, habit, 
 man-word, st. n. mean word ; base, 
 
 evil word. 
 man-wyrhta, w. m. evil-doer, sinner, 
 mara, compar. adj. 1. greater. — 2. 
 more. — ace. sg. n. adv. more, fur- 
 ther. 
 marmor-stan, st. m. marble. 
 Martius, m. March. Men. 36. 
 martyr-dom, st. m. martyrdom, 
 
 martyr's death. 
 martyre, st. m. martyr, 
 martyr-had, st. m. martyrdom, mar- 
 
 tyrhood. 
 madelian, madolian, w. v. to speak, 
 
 utter words, 
 madum, maddum, madm, madum, 
 
 st. m. gift; jewel, valuable, 
 madum-ceht, st. f. possessions in 
 
 jewels, jewel. 
 madum-fcEt, st. n. treasure vessel, 
 
 casket, costly vessel. 
 madum-ge-steald, st. n. possessions 
 
 in jewels, treasure, wealth. 
 madum-ge-streon, st. n. jewel-treas- 
 ure, costly jewels. 
 madum-gyfa, w. m. jewel-giver, dis- 
 penser of treasure or jewels. 
 madum-gifu, at. f. dispensing of 
 
 jewels or treasure. 
 
 madum-hord, st. n. treasure-hoard. 
 
 madum-sele, st. m. treasure-hall, 
 
 hall where treasure is dispensed. 
 
 madum-sigle, st. n. costly jewel, 
 
 precious treasure or gem. 
 madum-sweord, at. n. costly sword, 
 madum-wela, w. m. wealth in jew- 
 els, treasure. 
 mawan, st. red. v. to niow. 
 
 a-mawan, to mow down, 
 me, mec. See ic (I), 
 niece, st. m. sword, 
 mecg. See maecg (kinsman). 
 
 mecgaii (Gn. C. 24, for mencgan?). 
 med, st. f. meed, reward, compensa- 
 tion, price, 
 medan, w. v. impers. to suppose, 
 occur to one's mind, 
 ge-ead-medan, to humble, 
 mede, adj. of a (certain) mind or 
 
 mood, minded, 
 meder, medo, medo-. See modor, 
 
 meodu. 
 medren-cyn, st. n. mother's kin- 
 dred, female line, 
 med-spedig, adj. moderately happy 
 or fortunate, middling fortunate. 
 med-, met-trymnes, st.f. weakness, 
 
 infirmity. 
 medu, medu-, medum. See raeodu, 
 
 meodum. 
 med-wis, adj. moderately or mid- 
 dling wise, 
 meht, mehte, mehtig. See meaht, 
 
 magan, meahtig. 
 meld, st. f. announcement, informa- 
 tion, news, power to explain or 
 announce. 
 melda, w. m. announcer, indicater, 
 
 informer, betrayer. 
 meldan, maeldan, w. v. to announce, 
 speak, inform. (Ger. melden.) 
 
 t6-m3eldan, to announce in 
 twain, destroy or break up by 
 words, 
 meldian, meldigan, w. v. to an- 
 nounce, speak, inform, show, re- 
 veal. 
 
 ge-meldian, to announce, make 
 known, 
 mele-deaw, st. m. mildew, honey- 
 dew, 
 meltan, st. abl. v. I. to melt, become 
 fluid, dissolve, burn up. 
 
 for-meltan, to melt to pieces, 
 melt up. 
 
 ge-meltan, to melt, dissolve, 
 burn up, pass away. 
 
melton — metan 
 
 151 
 
 meltan, to. v. to smelt, free, liberate. 
 
 on-meltan, to soften. 
 men, mencgan. See man, mengan. 
 mene, st. m. necklace. 
 mengan, mencgan, maengan, w. v. 
 
 1. to mingle, mix with (Sat. 132). 
 
 2. to mix. — 3. to mix among, asso- 
 ciate, unite with. 
 
 ge-mengan, to mix, mingle, con- 
 fuse, unite, compound, saturate 
 with. 
 
 geond-mengan, to confuse, be- 
 wilder. 
 
 mengu (-go, -geo), menigo (-ego, 
 -igeo (-ego, -igeo), menio, mseni- 
 go (-ego, -igeo, -egeo), maenieo, 
 manegn (-igeo), st. f. many, mul- 
 titude, folk, people. 
 
 menn. See man. 
 
 mermen, st. n. maid, maid-servant. 
 
 mennisc, adj. manlike, human, nat- 
 ural. 
 
 mennise, st. m. man, human being. 
 (Ger. mensch.) 
 
 menniscnis, st. f. humanity, human 
 nature, incarnation. Ho. 123. 
 
 merce. See niearo. 
 
 merced = myrced, darkened? 
 murky? Sat. 710. 
 
 mercels, st. m. mark, goal, aim. 
 
 mere, st. m. mere, sea, marsh. 
 
 mere. See meere. 
 
 mere-bat, st. m. sea-boat. 
 
 mere-candel, -condel, st. f. sea- 
 candle, sea-lamp, sun. 
 
 mere-ciest, st.f. sea-chest, ship, ark. 
 
 mere-dead, st. m. death at sea; 
 drowning. 
 
 mere-d§or, st. n. sea-animal. 
 
 mere-fara, w. m. sea-farer, sailor. 
 
 mere-farod, st. m. billowing of the 
 sea, fluctuation of the waves. 
 
 mere-fisc, st. m. sea-fish. 
 
 mere-flod, st. m. sea-flood. 
 
 mere-grund, st. m. sea-bottom, depth 
 of the sea. 
 
 mere-hengest, st. m. seahorse, ship. 
 
 mere-hraegl, st. n. sea-garment, sail. 
 
 (M. E. rail.) 
 mere-bus, st. n. sea-house, ship, ark. 
 mere-hwearf, st. m. seashore. Cf. 
 
 wharf. 
 mere-lad, st.f. seaway. 
 mere-lidende, part, sea-traversing, 
 
 seafarer, skipper, sailor. 
 mere-smylte, adj. sea-still, quiet as 
 
 the sea. 
 niere-strcet, st.f. sea-street, seaway. 
 mere-strengo, st. f. strength exert- 
 ed in the sea. B. 533. (vis maris t) 
 mere-stream, st. m. sea-current, 
 
 sea-flood, 
 mere-tor, st. m. sea-tower, sea- 
 rampart. 
 mere-torht, adj. sea-bright, bright 
 
 like the sea. 
 mere-pissa, -pyssa, w. m. sea-trav- 
 
 erser, ship. 
 mere-weard, st. m. sea-warden, 
 
 guardian of the sea. 
 mere-werig(e), adj. sea-weary. 
 mere-wif, st. n. sea- woman, titaness 
 
 of the sea. 
 merg, adj. gay, merry, delightful. 
 mergan. See merian (to cleanse). 
 mergen, st. m. morning, morn, 
 mergen-tid, st. f. morning tide, 
 merian, mergan, to. v. to purify, 
 cleanse, render mere, 
 a-merian, to test,cleanse,purify. 
 merran, to. v. in. 
 
 a-merran, to provoke, disquiet, 
 disturb, 
 mersc, w. m. marsh, swamp. 
 merwe. See mearu. 
 mesan, w. v. to breakfast, eat. 
 metan, st. ail. v. III. 1. to measure 
 or traverse a space. — 2. to mete, 
 measure, measure out. — 3. to 
 measure, mark off (Exod. 92). — 
 4. esteem, estimate. 
 
 S-metan, 1. to measure out. — 
 2. to deal, give to. — 3. to get, pro- 
 cure. El. 730. 
 
152 
 
 nietan — mearu 
 
 ge-metan, to traverse (a space). 
 
 nietan, w. v. to meet, find, encounter, 
 ge-metau, the same as above. 
 
 mete, st. m. meat, food. 
 
 mete, adj. meeting, encountering, 
 coming toward. 
 
 metend, part. & subs, measuring 
 (one), creator, God. 
 
 metegian, metigean, w. v. to reflect 
 over, consider, meditate upon. 
 ge-rnetgian, the same as above, 
 ge-panc-nietian, to think over, 
 meditate upon. 
 
 metegung, st. /. reflection, medita- 
 tion. 
 
 mete-leas, adj. meatless, without 
 food. 
 
 mete-least, -list, st. f. lack of food. 
 
 mete-pegn, st. m. meat-thane, 
 steward. 
 
 mete-pearfende,parf. needing food, 
 destitute. 
 
 metgian, w. v. to moderate, control, 
 guide, govern. 
 
 ge-metgian, 1. to moderate, con- 
 trol, guide, govern. — 2. to restrain 
 or control one's self, soften. 
 
 metod, metud, mettrymnes. See 
 meotud, med-trymnes. 
 
 mede, adj. 1. tired, weary. — 2. 
 troubled, sad. (Ger. mtide.) 
 
 medel. See msedel. 
 
 medgian, w. v. in. 
 
 ge-me*dgian, to exhaust, tire. 
 
 median. See msedlan. 
 
 meagol, adj. mighty, strong, power- 
 ful, able, emphatic. 
 
 meagol-lice, adv. powerfully, vigor- 
 ously, emphatically. 
 
 meant, maeht, meht, mint, mieht, 
 myht, st. f. might, power. 
 
 meant, adj. mighty, powerful. 
 
 meaht, meahte, meahtan,meahten, 
 meahtes, meahtest, meahton, 
 meahtum. See magan. 
 
 meahte-lice, adv. mightily. 
 
 meahtig, maehtig, mehtig, militig, 
 adj. mighty, powerful. 
 
 meaht-mod (miht-), st. n. strong 
 mind, violent temper. 
 
 mear. See mearg (horse). 
 
 mearc, mere, st. J'. 1. definite point 
 of time, goal, mark, end. — 2. limit, 
 boundary marked off. — 3. domain, 
 district marked off. — 4. province. 
 
 mearcan, w. v. in. 
 
 ge-mearcan, to remark, note, 
 observe. 
 
 mearc-hof, st. n. place, court, or 
 house lying within a district, 
 mark, or limit. 
 
 mearcian, w. i. 1. to note, mark 
 distinctly. — 2. to indicate, char- 
 acterize. — 3. to dwell? put up! 
 B. 450. 
 
 a-mearcian, to indicate, char- 
 acterize. 
 
 ge-inearcian, to draw, indicate, 
 determine, mark off, deal out, 
 close. 
 
 mearc-land, st. n. march-land, 
 border-land; domain, province, 
 land, march. 
 
 mearc-psed, st. m. n. march-path, 
 road through a province. 
 
 mearc-stapa, w. m. march-stepper, 
 one that strides through a land or 
 province. 
 
 mearc-stede, st. m. place in a dis- 
 trict or province. 
 
 mearc-preat, st. m . army that crosses 
 a frontier. 
 
 mearc-wadu (El. 233). See mearc- 
 peed. 
 
 mearc-weard,sf.m. march-warden, 
 forest-watch, wolf. 
 
 mearg, mearh, mear, st. m. horse. 
 Cf. mare. 
 
 mearh-c6fa, w. m. marrow-coffer, 
 bone (?). 
 
 mearm-stan, st. m. marble. 
 j mearu, mem, adj. tender, soft. 
 
meodu — middelneaht 
 
 15: 
 
 meodu, meodb, medu, medo, st. m. 
 mead, honey-drink, hydromel. 
 
 meodu-aern, st. h. mead-hall. 
 
 meodu-benc, st. /. mead-bench, 
 bench in the mead-hall. 
 
 meodu-burg, st. f. mead palace or 
 eastle. 
 
 meodu-dream, st. m. mead-joy, rev- 
 elry, joyous doings over mead. 
 
 meodu-drinc, st. m. drink of mead, 
 mead-drinking. 
 
 meodu-ful, st. n. mead-cup. 
 
 meodu-gal, adj. mad with mead, 
 joyous, tipsy. 
 
 meodu-heal, st. f. mead-hall. 
 
 meodum, medum, adj. 1. middling, 
 moderate, mediocre, small. — 2. re- 
 spectable, considerable. 
 
 meodu-rEeden, st. f. providing with 
 mead, dealing out mead. 
 
 meodu-scenc, st. m. mead-akinker, 
 mead-pourer. 
 
 meodu-seld, st. n. mead-dwelling, 
 mead house or hall. 
 
 meodn-setl, st. n. same as above. 
 
 meodn-stig, st. m. mead-path, path 
 to the mead-hatL 
 
 meodu-wang, st. m. mead-field.field 
 surrounding the mead-palaee. 
 
 meodu-werig, adj. mead-weary, 
 drunk. 
 
 meoh-y, meox, st. m. dung, filth. dirt. 
 
 meolc, meoluc, st. f. milk 
 
 meord, meord, st./. reward, com- 
 pensation, pay. 
 
 mearing, st. f. hindrance, danger? 
 Exod. 62. 
 
 meo man , st. ail. r. I. X, to be appre- 
 hensive, anxious. — 2. to shrink 
 from. [over, 
 
 be-meoman, to bemoan, grieve 
 
 meord. See meord (pay). 
 
 meoto, st. f. thought, reflection. 
 
 meotad, meotod, metod. metud, 
 st. to. 1. fate (Wald. L19).— 2. cre- 
 ator, God, Christ. 
 
 meotud-ge-sceaft, st.f. fate, allot- 
 ment; fate after death. 
 
 meotud-sceaft, st. j. same as above. 
 
 meotud-wang, st. m. field of battle, 
 battlefield. 
 
 meowle, ir. /. maiden, woman, wife. 
 
 meox. See meohx (filth). 
 
 micel, mycel, adj. mickle, great; — 
 itistr. sg. micle ; — w. compar. & su- 
 perl. by much, by far; — gen. sg. 
 micles, and instr. pt. miclum; — 
 odr. by much, by far, much, very. 
 
 micel-lic, adj. great, magnificent. 
 
 micel-mod, adj. great-minded, mag- 
 nanimous. 
 
 micelnes, st. f. greatness, magna- 
 nimity. 
 
 miclian, ir. r. X to render large, 
 magnify, increase. — 2. to become 
 great, large; to increase in size, 
 grow. 
 
 ge-miclian, to render large, to 
 make larger. 
 
 mid, I. prep., v. dat., instr., & nee. 
 X. with: expresses accompani- 
 ment, community, accompanying 
 circumstances, simultaneity. — 2. 
 with, among, in (with plural or a 
 collective), among (a number). 
 3. means by which, with, by means 
 or help of. through, by. — mid often 
 follows the governed word. — II. 
 adr. with, at the same time, sim- 
 ultaneously. 
 
 mid, midd, adj. middle, midway, in 
 the middle. 
 
 mid, si. n. middle; — to-middes. in 
 or into the middle or midst of. 
 
 middan-eard, st. m. mid-earth, 
 earth. 
 
 middan-geard, st. m. same as above. 
 
 midde, ir. f. middle, center. 
 
 middel, st. m. middle, middle part. 
 
 middel-ge-mseru, st. n. pi. middle 
 district, mid-province. 
 
 middel-neaht, -niht, st.f. midnight 
 
154 
 
 midl — modcearig 
 
 midl, st. ». iron middle-pieee, bit of 
 a bridle. 
 
 midor, compar. of mid, adj. 
 
 mid-wist, st. f. presence, being 
 present. 
 
 mint, mihte, mihten, mihton. See 
 magan. 
 
 miht, mihtig, miht-mod. See 
 meant, meahtig, nieaht-mod. 
 
 mil, st. f. mile, 
 
 milde, adj. mild, kind, friendly. 
 
 milde, adv. the same as above. 
 
 mild-heort, adj. mild-hearted 
 
 mild-lieortnes, -hiortnys, st. f. sym- 
 pathy, pity, mercy. 
 
 milds, milts, st. f. 1. mildness, sym- 
 pathy, favor, grace. — 2. joy,gayety. 
 
 mildsian, miltsian, ir. r. 1. to pity, 
 sympathize with, feel favorably 
 toward. — 2. to act niildly or kindly 
 toward, to render gentle or mild. 
 
 mildsung, miltsung, st.f. sympathy, 
 compassion. 
 
 mil-ge-mearc, st. «. mile's distance, 
 mile. 
 
 mil-peed, st. m. mile-path, distance 
 or road reckoned by miles. 
 
 miltan, myltan, ic. r. 1. to melt, 
 dissolve, vanish. — 2. to free, lib- 
 erate. Sol. 55. 
 
 ge-miltan, to melt, dissolve: 
 relax. 
 
 milts, miltsian, miltsung. See 
 milds, milfl qian mildsung. 
 
 min, adj. 1. small. — 2. low, common, 
 vnlgar, vile. 
 
 min, 1. jiojtf. pron. mine. — 2. gen. 
 of ic. See ic. 
 
 min-dom, st. in. powerlessness, fee- 
 bleness. 
 
 mine. See myne. 
 
 minsian , ir. r. to grow less, decrease, 
 dwindle. 
 
 mire, mirce, mirhd, mirigd. See 
 myrc, myrce, myrgd. 
 
 mis-deed, -d6d, st. f. misdeed, evil 
 deed. 
 
 mis-ge-dwield,s(. n. distortion, error, 
 wrong, perversion. 
 
 mis-ge-hyd, st. f. n. misth ought, 
 wrong mode of thinking. 
 
 mis-ge-mynd, st. /. same as above. 
 
 mis-lie, adj. various, manifold, di- 
 verse. 
 
 mis-lice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 mis-micel, adj. of varying size. 
 
 missan, to. c. to miss, fail in or of. 
 
 missen-lic, adj. various, manifold, 
 diverse. 
 
 missen-lice, adv. same as above. 
 
 missere, st. n. semester, half-year. 
 Cf. the counting by half-years with 
 the counting by nights, winters,&c. 
 
 mist, st. m. mist, vapor. 
 
 mist-glom, st. m.f mist-gloom.dark- 
 ness, cloud. Wal. 47. 
 
 mist-helm, st. m. mist-helm, envel- 
 oping cloud (blindness). 
 
 mist-olid, -hleod, st. n. misty slope, 
 hillside covered with cloud. 
 
 mistig, adj. misty. 
 
 mittan, ir. r. to find,encounter.meet. 
 ge-mittan, the same as above. 
 
 midan , st. abl. c. V. 1. to hide, con- 
 ceal,keep to one's self. — Z.icJnstr. 
 to avoid, shun. — 3. to dissemble. 
 4. infr. to conceal one's self. 
 
 be- f bi-midan, to hide, conceal, 
 keep secret. 
 
 mieht. See meaht. 
 
 mod, st. n. 1. mood, spirit, soul, 
 heart (as seat of thought, feeling, 
 passion, sensibility). — 2. courage. 
 
 3. arrogance, pride, moodiness. — 
 
 4. greatness, power (Ps. 144, 5; 
 150, 2); violence (Exod. 488). 
 
 mod-blind, adj. mood-blind, spir- 
 itually blind. 
 
 mod-blissiende, adj. mood-joyful, 
 exultant of mind. 
 
 mod-bysgung. st. f. mood-depress- 
 ion, sorrow, mental affliction. 
 
 mod-cearig, adj. sorrowful. 
 
mfidcearu — mon 
 
 155 
 
 m6d-cearu, st.f. mood-care, sorrow, 
 grief of heart. 
 
 m6d-cr<*!ft, St. m. mood-craft, power 
 of mind, wisdom, shrewdness, clev- 
 erness. 
 
 mod-craeftig, adj. judicious, possess- 
 ing judgment, skillful. 
 
 mod-cwauig, adj. sad at heart, sor- 
 rowful, querulous. 
 
 mdddor, mdder. See m6dur. 
 
 mode-lice, «<(/'. valiantly, bravely. 
 
 mode-weeg, st. m. rushing wave, 
 ourrent. 
 
 mod-earibd, st. f. grief, sorrow, 
 misery of mind. 
 
 mod-ge-hygd, st. f. mood-thought, 
 mind, thought. 
 
 niod-ge-myud, st. f. n. sentiment, 
 thought, reflection, memory. 
 
 niod-ge-panc (-ge-ponc), st. >». ». 
 mood-thought, thought, mind. 
 
 rnod-ge-poht, st. m. same as above. 
 
 mod-ge-pyldig, adj. patient of mind, 
 enduring with courage. 
 
 mod-ge-winna, u\ m. mood-foe, sor- 
 row, grief. 
 
 mod-geonior, -giomor, adj. sorrow- 
 ful-minded. 
 
 modgian, -igan, «-. i: 1. to rage, 
 roar, become excited or moody. 
 (Exod. 458).— 2. to show bravery, 
 boldness. 
 
 ofer-modgiari, to be arrogant, 
 
 proud, presumptuous. [ous. 
 
 niod-glaed, in/;, glad-minded, joy- 
 
 niod-glgaw, adj. wise, clear-miuded, 
 quick-witted, clever. 
 
 mod-hsep, -heap, adj. rich in cour- 
 age, brave. 
 
 mod-hete, st. m. hate, hatred. 
 
 mod-hord, st. /». heart's treasure, 
 secret thoughts. 
 
 mdd-hwset, adj. bold, energetic, 
 valiant. 
 
 modig, adj. 1. spirited, courageous. 
 2. roused, excited, angry. 
 
 mddigan. See modgian (to rage). 
 
 modig-llc (-m6di-), adj. courageous, 
 brave, high-spirited. 
 
 mod-leof, adj. doar, precious. 
 
 mdd-lufe, ir. /. love. 
 
 modoi. See modur (mother). 
 
 mod-rof, adj. vigor-ous-spirited, val- 
 iant-hearted. 
 
 mod-sefa, w. m. mood-thought, mind, 
 spirit. 
 
 mod-seoc, adj. mind-sick, sad. 
 
 mod-snottor (-snotor), adj. shrewd, 
 sharp-minded, wise. 
 
 mod-sorg, st /. heart-sorrow, sad- 
 ness, grief. 
 
 m6d-swld, adj. brave, valiant. 
 
 mdd-pracu, ir. f. bold-mindedness, 
 courage, valor, fortitude. 
 
 mdd-prea, w. m. uneasiness of mind, 
 terror, vexation. 
 
 mod-prydu, st. f. strength of mind 
 or soul, energy, vigor? B. 1931. 
 
 modur, mddor, moddor, moder, 
 irreg. f. gen. sg. modur, modor, 
 moddor; — dat. sg. meder, med- 
 der — mother. [ son. 
 
 modur-cild, st. «. mother's child, 
 
 mod-wen, st. f. thought, opinion? 
 Rid. 87, 7. 
 
 mdd-wlanc, adj. haughty, arrogant. 
 
 mold-tern (-ern), st. «, house of 
 mold, earthy house, grave. 
 
 molde, u\ f. 1. dust, earth as mate- 
 rial. — 2. soil, mold. — 3. earth as 
 habitation of men, — opposed to 
 water, air, sky. — 4. province, dis- 
 trict. 
 
 mold-grsef, st. n. grave, grave in 
 the earth. 
 
 mold-hr6rende,j)aj-(.earth-touehing, 
 moving in or on the earth. 
 
 mold-weg, st. m. earthway, earth. 
 
 mold-wyrm, st. m. earthworm. 
 
 molsian, w. v. to molder, rot, decay. 
 ge-molsian, to wither, fade. 
 
 mon, mon. See man and manan 
 (vb.), man. 
 
 mona, w. m. moon. 
 
156 
 
 monad — munan 
 
 monad, mond, st. m. (moonth), 
 
 month, 
 mond, st. n.t Gu. 514. 
 monetian, w. v. to despise, contemn ? 
 
 An. 747. 
 monian, monig, mom, monna. See 
 
 manian, manig, man, manna. 
 m6r, st. m. 1. moor, morass, swamp. 
 
 2. mountain, wooded mountains. 
 morgen, st. m. morn, morning, fore- 
 noon, 
 morgen-ceald, adj. morn-cold, ebld 
 
 as at. early morn. 
 morgen-colla, w. m. terror at mornf 
 
 Jud. 245. 
 morgen-lang, adj. morning-long, 
 
 lasting through the morning, 
 morgen-leoht, st n. morning light, 
 morgen-regn, -ren, st. m. morning 
 
 rain. 
 morgen-seoc, adj. sick, ill, or sad 
 
 in the morning. 
 morgen-spell, st. n. morning news, 
 
 news spreading in the morning. 
 morgen-steorra, -stiorra, w. m. 
 
 morning star, 
 morgen-swdg, st. m. morn-sound, 
 
 cry at morn, 
 morgen-tid, st. f. morning-tide, 
 
 time. 
 morgen-torht, adj. morn-bright, 
 
 bright at morn or in the morning. 
 mor-hced, st. f. moor-heath; 
 
 swampy, mountainous heath. 
 m6r-heald,ar7/. surrounded by moors, 
 
 marshy? Ex. 61. 
 mor-hop, st. n. moor-bight, hiding- 
 place in the moor ? 
 mor-land, st. n. moorland, mount- 
 ain-land, 
 morna, gen. pi. of morgen. 
 mor-stapa, w. m. moor-stepper, 
 
 traverser of moors and mountains. 
 mord, st. n. 1. murder, death. — 2. 
 
 deadly sin. Gen. 691. 
 mord-bealu, st. n. murder-bale, 
 
 murder, violent death. 
 
 mordor, mordur, St. n. 1. violent 
 death, murder. — 2. pnnishment 
 by death, death-torment, martyr- 
 
 ■ dom.— 3. crime, deadly sin. 
 
 morder-bed, st. n. murder-bed, bed 
 of death. 
 
 mordor-bealu, st. n. murder, bale- 
 ful death. 
 
 mordor-cofa, w. m. murder-cell, 
 prison, torture-house. 
 
 mordor-craeft, st. m. murderous 
 craft or might. 
 
 mordor-cweahn, st. m. murder, 
 death. • 
 
 mordor-hete, st. m. murderous 
 hate, deadly hostility, bloody feud. 
 
 mordor-hof, St. n. murder-house, 
 place of punishment (hell). 
 
 mordor-hus, st. n. same as above. 
 
 mordor-hycgende, part, with mur- 
 derous thoughts. 
 
 mordor-lean, st n. reward for mur- 
 der or crime. 
 
 mordor-scyldig, adj. guilty of mur- 
 der, crime. 
 
 mordor-sleaht, -sleht, st m. slaugh- 
 ter, defeat. 
 
 mordur. See mordor (murder). 
 
 mos, st n. food, feed, victuals. 
 
 mot. See mdtan (must). 
 
 motan, pret.-pres.; pres. ind. sg. 1, 3, 
 m6t. — 2. most; pi. motan (Gu. 
 786), motun (Ph. 668), m6ton, 
 m6tan (An. 109), moten (Sat. 297); 
 subj. sg. m6te; pi. motan (Eeb. 
 16), moten (El. 433), m6te (Cri. 
 1327); pret. nioste, to be in a 
 position adapted to, to have an 
 opportunity or leisure for; hence, 
 
 1. to be permitted, to be able. — 
 
 2. must (B. 1939, 2886. Sat. 108.) 
 modde, w. f. moth, book- worm or 
 
 moth, 
 mugan. See magan (may), 
 munan, pret.-pres.; pres. ind. sg. 1, 3, 
 
 man, mon. — 2.manst; ptmunon; 
 
 subj. mime; pret. munde.— 1. to 
 
maud — myrgd 
 
 157 
 
 think of or about, be mindful of, 
 
 remember. — 2. to esteem, appre- 
 ciate, value. 
 ge-mnnan, to remember, be 
 
 mindful of, recollect, 
 ou-munau, 1. to provide with, 
 
 deem worthy of. — 2. to remind, 
 
 admonish? B. 2640. 
 mund, st. m. 1. hand. — 2. protection, 
 
 guardianship, 
 mund, st. m. bridal gift, dower. 
 
 Cri. 93. 
 mund-beorg, st. m. hill of refuge or 
 
 protection, mountain refuge, 
 mund-bora, w. m. protection-bearer, 
 
 protector, guardian, tutor. 
 mund-byrd, -berd, st. f. protec- 
 tion, patronage, aid, help, 
 mund-gripe, st. m. hand-grip, 
 mund-heals, -hals, st. n. protection? 
 
 guardianship? salus tutelwf Cri. 
 
 446. 
 mundian, ;r. v. to protect, to watch 
 
 over, 
 mund-rdf, aJj. strong-handed, 
 munec, st. m. monk. 
 munt, st. m. mount, mountain. 
 munt-giop = munt-gi6f, Jupiter's 
 
 mountain, Mons Jovis, Alps? 
 
 Met. 1: 8-14. 
 mur, st. m. wall. (Ger. matter.) 
 mure, adj. murky, gloomy, 
 murge, adv. cheerfully, brightly, 
 
 merrily, 
 murnan, w. v. to mourn, sorrow, 
 
 long after; bemoan. 
 be-, bi-murnan, to mourn, 
 
 mourn over, sorrow for. 
 must, st. m. must (of grapes). 
 mutian, w. v. in 
 
 bi-mutian, to change, exchange 
 
 for. 
 mud, st. in. 1. mouth. — 2. opening, 
 
 door, 
 muda, w. m. mouth, opening, en- 
 trance. 
 
 mud-bana, to. m. mouth-murderer, 
 one that kills with the mouth. 
 
 mud-hail, st. n. mouth-"hail," 
 "hail" spoken with the mouth. 
 
 mud-leas, adj. mouthless. 
 
 myoel, myclian, myhfc See micel, 
 miclian, meaht. 
 
 mylen-sceaip, adj. whetted 'on the 
 grindstone. 
 
 myltan. See miltan (melt). 
 
 myndgian, w. v. to remind, recall 
 to mind, remember, be mindful of. 
 ge-myndgian, same as above. 
 
 myne, mine, st. m. 1. spirit, soul.— 
 2. feeling, sentiment. — 3. mind. 
 4. intention, aim, demand. — 5. 
 love, affection. 
 
 myne-lic, adj. desirable, loveworthy, 
 noble, splendid. 
 
 myngian, w. i>. 1. to warn, admon- 
 ish, suggest. — 2. to remember. 
 ge-mynegian, to remember. 
 
 mynian, mynnan, w. v. to be mind- 
 ful of, have one's mind on; to 
 strive for, long for, demand. 
 
 ge-mynian, to be mindful of, 
 intent on, heedful; to see to, see. 
 
 mynle, w.f. mind, spirit; demand, 
 desire. 
 
 mynster, st. n. minster, monastery, 
 cloister. 
 
 myntan, w. v. to have one's mind 
 on, intend, be mindful of, think. 
 ge-myntan, the same as above. 
 
 myro, mire, st. n. murk, darkness, 
 disaster, mischief. 
 
 myrce, mirce, adj. murky, dark, 
 uncanny. 
 
 myrce, adv. the same as above. 
 
 myrcels, st. f. peril, disaster, mis- 
 chief. Gu. 429. 
 
 myrgan, w. v. to be merry, rejoice, 
 a-myrgan, to delight, cheer. 
 Sol. 240. 
 
 myrgen; st. f. mirth, joy, pleasure. 
 
 myrgd, myrd, mird, mirigd, st. f. 
 the same as above. 
 
158 
 
 myrran — nast, 
 
 myrran, w. v. to mar, disturb, con- 
 fuse, render uneasy. 
 
 a-myrran, to disquiet, hinder, 
 oppose, prevent. 
 
 ge-myrran, to provoke, irritate, 
 disquiet, hinder, prevent. 
 
 myrrelse, to. /. offense, provocation, 
 
 scandal, irritation. 
 myrd. See myrgd. 
 myrd, st.f. sorrow? grief? marring? 
 
 B. 810. 
 mysci, pi. mosses. 
 
 N 
 
 na (= ne & S), adv. never, not by 
 
 any means. 
 nabban (= ne & habban), pres. ind. 
 
 sg. 1. nsebbe. — 2. nafast, nsefst. 
 
 3. nafad, nagfd; — pi. nabbad; — 
 
 subj. pres. nsebbe ; — pret. naefde, 
 
 not to have, 
 naca, w. m. boat, vessel. 
 nacod, nacud, adj. naked, nude. 
 nsedl, st. f. needle. 
 needxe, nseddre, nedre, u: f. adder 
 
 (w. n. dropped) ; viper, snake, 
 nasfhe. See nefne. 
 nsefre (ne & sefre), adv. never, 
 nsegan, nSgau, w. v. to approach, 
 
 attack, assail; — wordum na?gan, 
 
 to address, speak to. 
 
 ge-nasgan, to attack, assail, op- 
 press, disquiet; to call, address, 
 nsegel, st. m. 1. nail. — 2. plectrum 
 
 (in harp-playing : Wy. 84). — 3. 
 
 nail (of fingers and toes). 
 neegled, part, nailed 
 naegled-bord, adj. with nailed sides. 
 nasgled-cnear, st. m. nailed vessel, 
 ncbh, naellass. See neak, nealles. 
 nseman, w. v. in 
 
 be-naenian, to deprive of, rob of, 
 
 take away. (Ger. benehmen.) 
 iicemie, ace. of nan (none), 
 neenig (= ne & asnig), pron. none 
 
 (often strengthened by ne). 
 licerende. See neam (am not). 
 nass (= ne & wses), was not; — pi. 
 
 natron (= ne & waeron); — subj. 
 
 nsere (= ne & w&e). 
 naes, adv. not, not at all. 
 
 nees, nes, st. m. 1. stratum, layer, 
 portion or crust of earth. — 2. 
 naze (cf. nose), cape, sea-cliff, 
 promontory, precipitous bank. 
 
 nses-hlid, -hleod, st ». naze-slope, 
 precipice of a promontory. 
 
 naessa, w. m. promontory. 
 
 nsestan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-nasstan, to push, urge, vex, 
 fight with? Eid. 28, 16. 
 
 nsetan, w. v. to afflict, press upon, 
 vex, attack. 
 
 nagan (= ne & agan), pres. ind. sg. 
 nah ; — pi. nSgon ; — pret. nalLte, 
 not to have, not to own. 
 
 nSht. See nawiht (naught). 
 
 nahte, pret. did not grant? Dan-. 
 454. 
 
 riant- frem m ende, part, nought- 
 doing, useless. 
 
 na-hwser, -hwar, adv. nowhere. 
 
 nS-hwasder, pron. neither, nothing. 
 
 nalas, nalaes, nales, nalles. See 
 nealles. 
 
 nam, st.f. taking; rapine, appropria- 
 tion, deprivation, robbery. 
 
 nama, noma, w. in. name. 
 
 namian, nomian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-namian, to name, mention. 
 
 nan (= ne & Sn), none; — neut. 
 nothing. 
 
 napan, st. red. v. in 
 
 ge-nSpan, to attack? to over- 
 whelm? to destroy? Exod. 475. 
 
 nard, st. m. nard (perfume). 
 
 nast, nSt. See nitan (ne & witan). 
 
nathwcer — neaht 
 
 159 
 
 nat-h waer (=ne & w£t), adv. I know 
 not ■where, somewhere or other. 
 
 nat-hwaet, pron. I know not what, 
 something or other. 
 
 nat-hwilc, -hywlc, pron. I know 
 not which, some one or other. 
 
 nauht. See nawiht. 
 
 na-wiht, nawuht, nauht, naht, 
 neat. pron. naught, not a whit. 
 
 nawder (= ne & awder), neither. 
 
 ne, adv. not; ne — ne, neither — nor. 
 [ne is often doubled to strengthen 
 the negative.] 
 
 n§, n§o, st. m. corpse, cadaver, dead 
 human body. 
 
 neb, nebb, st. n. face, countenance, 
 mouth, nib, beak. 
 
 nCd, nedan, nedre. See nyd, neod, 
 nydan, naedre. 
 
 nefa, w. m. nephew, grandson, 
 nefne, naefne, nemne (= ne & gif 
 & ne), 1. eonj. if not, unless. — 
 2. prep. w. dat. except, with excep- 
 tion of. 
 
 nefre, adj. weak (Gn. Ex. 38), infirm. 
 
 ne-fugol, st. m. corpse-bird, carrion 
 fowl. 
 
 negan, neh, neht, nellan, neman, 
 nemde (pret). See nsegan, nSah, 
 neaht, nillan, neeman, nemnan. 
 
 nemnan, w. v. 1. to name, give » 
 name to. — 2. to address, speak 
 to. — 3. to mention by name, make 
 mention of. — 4. to relate, narrate. 
 Gu. 64. 
 
 a-nemnan,to pronounce, inform, 
 tell. 
 
 be-nemnan, to pronounce sol- 
 emnly, affirm, asseverate, confirm. 
 ge-nemnan, to name. 
 
 nemne. See nefne. 
 
 nemned (Ps. 106, 41,= hemned?) 
 hemnan, to stop up, close, shut. 
 
 nemde, nimde, nymde, covj. w. subj. 
 if not, unless, except. 
 
 nep? nep? = neap-tide ? Exod.469. 
 
 nerian, nerigan, nergan, w. v. to 
 
 nourish, preserve, save, heal, re- 
 deem, liberate. 
 
 ge-nerian, to ransom, redeem, 
 liberate; to preserve, save,protect. 
 
 neriend, nerigeud, nergend, part. 
 & subs, savior, redeemer, God, 
 Christ. 
 
 nes. See nses (was not). 
 
 nesan, st. abl. v. III. to endure suc- 
 cessfully, survive, be freed from, 
 be saved. 
 
 ge-nesan, 1. intr. to remain safe, 
 survive uninjured, be preserved. — 
 2. w. ace. to endure successfully, 
 be fortunate, be freed from, be 
 saved. 
 
 nest, st. n. nest. 
 
 nest, nyst, st. n. nourishment, food, 
 means of traveling, viaticum. 
 
 net, st. v. net. 
 
 netan. See nitan (ne"& witan). 
 
 nSten, nleten, nyten, st m. neat- 
 cattle, beast of burden, cattle. 
 
 nedan, w. v. to dare, venture, dis- 
 play valor. 
 
 ge-nedan, to dare, venture, risk 
 one's self, strive to. 
 
 neding, st. f. daring, valor. 
 
 ngad. See nyd (effort). 
 
 nead-cofa, w. in. prison. 
 
 neafola, w. m. nable. 
 
 neah, ngh, adj., adv., & prep. w. dat. 
 near, nigh; — compar. near, nior; 
 — superl. neahst, n6hst, nyhst, 
 nihst, niehst. — 1. next, nearest. 
 2. latest, last. — 3. adv. in the next 
 place, at last. 
 
 neah. See 'nugan. 
 
 neah, adv. enough, sufficiently. 
 
 ngah-buend, part. & subs, near- 
 dwelling, neighbor. 
 
 neahhige, adv. enough. 
 
 ueah-man, st. m. neighbor. 
 
 neaht, neht, niht, nyht, *<./. night, 
 (often used in enumerations, where 
 
160 
 
 neaht — neodfracu 
 
 Mod. Eng. uses days); — adv. gen. 
 nihtes (». ? m.f), of a night, nights, 
 by night ; — daeges and nihtes, by 
 day and by night, day and night. 
 
 neaht-, niht-bealu, st. n. night- 
 bale, destruction that comes by 
 night. 
 
 neaht-, niht-egesa, w. m. night 
 horror, nocturnal terror. 
 
 neaht-, niht-feormung, st. f. night- 
 haven or refuge, place of protec- 
 tion for the night. 
 
 neaht-, niht-ge-rim, st. ». night- 
 number (numbering by ' ' nights") ; 
 reckoning of time (Gen. 1193), 
 chronology. 
 
 neaht-, niht-glom, st. m. f night- 
 gloom, morning or evening twi- 
 light, darkness. 
 
 neaht-, niht-helm, st. m. helm or 
 veil of night. 
 
 neaht-hrasfn, niht-hrefen, st. m. 
 night-raven. 
 
 neaht-, niht-lang, adj. lasting the 
 livelong night. 
 
 neaht-, niht-rest, st. f. night-rest. 
 
 neaht-, niht-rim, st. n. number of 
 nights. 
 
 neaht-scua, niht-scuwa, w. m. 
 night-shadow. 
 
 neaht-, niht-weard, si. m. night- 
 warden, watchman by night. 
 
 neaht-, niht-weorc, st. n. night- 
 work, deed or doings done at 
 night. 
 
 neah-, nea-west, st. f. being near ; 
 vicinity, neighborhood; cohabita- 
 tion. 
 
 nealles,nalles,nallas,n3ellaBS,nales, 
 nalas, nalass, adv. not at all, by 
 no means, least of all. 
 
 neam, neom (= ne & earn), I am 
 not; 3d sg. nis, nys; pi. nearon 
 (Seaf. 82) ; pres.-part. neerende. 
 
 nean, adv. 1. from near. — 2. near, 
 near by. — 3. almost, nearly. 
 
 near, nearon. See neah, neam. 
 
 nearu, nearo, adj. narrow, near to- 
 gether, close, confining, producing 
 misery or oppression. 
 
 nearu, nearo, st. f. narrowness, 
 closeness, straitness, oppression. 
 
 nearu-bregd, st. f. oppression, com- 
 pression; crushing. 
 
 nearu-oraeft, st. m. narrowness, art 
 of rendering difficult of access? 
 inaccessibility. B. 2243. 
 
 nearu-grap, adj. close-olutching.- 
 Eid. 81, 6. 
 
 nearu-lic, adj. oppressing, clutching 
 closely. 
 
 nearu-n§d,st/.f close quarters, cap- 
 tivity. 
 
 nearunes, st. f. narrowness, op- 
 pression. 
 
 nearu-searu, st. f. dark cunning, 
 secret fraud or intrigue, misery- 
 bringing quarrel. 
 
 nearu-sorg, st.f. crushing sorrow, 
 anxiety. 
 
 nearu-bearf, st. f. crushing need, 
 distress. 
 
 nearu-wrence, st. m. crushing cun- 
 ning, guile. 
 
 nearwe, adv. narrowly, tightly, 
 closely, precisely. 
 
 nearwian, w. v. 1. to force in, con- 
 fine. — 2. to force one's self in, be- 
 come smaller, shrink. 
 
 ge-nearwian, to force in,, drive 
 to close quarters, oppress. 
 
 nSat, st. n. neat cattle, beast of 
 burden, cattle, ox. 
 
 nea-west. See nSahwest. 
 
 neb. See ne" (corpse). 
 
 neb-, nlo-bed, st. n. deathbed, dying 
 bed. 
 
 neod, niod, nied, nyd, ngd, st.f.f 
 effort, eagerness, zeal, longing, 
 desire, pleasure; — instr. sg. eager- 
 ly, zealously, carefully, diligently, 
 violently. 
 
 nSod-fracu, st /. effort, striving, 
 longing, yearning. 
 
neodful — nysse 
 
 161 
 
 neod-ful, adj. eager, zealous, careful, 
 sedulous. 
 
 ueod-ladu, st. f. polite invitation, 
 hospitable pledging at drink. B. 
 1320. 
 
 neod-lice, adv. eagerly, carefully. 
 
 ucod-lof, st. it. eager praise, eulogy. 
 
 neod-spearuwa, u\ in. sparrow. 
 
 neod-weorduhg, st. f. eager appre- 
 ciation, exalted praise. 
 
 nteol. Bee neowol (chasm). 
 
 neom. See neam (I am not). 
 
 necman. See niman (to take). 
 
 neomian, w. v. to sing (Wy. 84). 
 
 neon. See niwan (lately). 
 
 neorxna-, neorxena-wang, st. m. 
 Paradise. 
 
 neosan, nlosan, w. v. 1. to search, 
 acquaint one's self with, spy out, 
 seek to learn. — 2. to seek, hunt 
 for, visit, attack. 
 
 neosian, niosian, «. v. 1. to search 
 out, investigate. — 2. to hunt for, 
 visit, seek (with hostile intent), 
 to attack. 
 ge-neosian, to visit. 
 
 neb-sld, st. m. death. 
 
 neotan, nlotan, st. abl. v.. VI. to 
 enjoy, use. 
 
 be-, bi-neotan, to deprive of, 
 to rob. 
 
 neodan, niodan, adv. from be- 
 neath, beneath, below. 
 
 neodane, -one, ad/o. same as above. 
 
 neode-mest, adj. superl. (beneath- 
 most, farthest beneath, lowest. 
 
 neodor. See nider (below). 
 
 neodo-, niodo-weard, adj. under- 
 ward, beneath. 
 
 aeowan, neowe, neowinga. See 
 niwan, niwe, ciwinga. 
 
 neowol, neol, nywol, adj. inclined, 
 steep, precipitous, deep. 
 
 neowol-, neol-, nywolnes, st. f. 
 abyss, chasm. 
 
 nioor, st. m. nixie, water-sprite, ma- 
 rine monster. 
 
 nicor-hus, st. n. nixie-house,dwelling 
 of water-sprites. 
 
 nifol, adj. nebulous, cloudy, dark, 
 gloomy. 
 
 nigan? Rid. 9: 8, 9. 
 
 nigen, nigon, num. nine. 
 
 nigeda, nigoda, ord. num. ninth. 
 
 nigon-tig, mini, ninety. See hund- 
 r.igontig. 
 
 nigon-tyne, num. nineteen. 
 
 nibat, niht. See neah, neaht. 
 
 nillan, nellan, nyllan (= ne & wil- 
 lan), pres. ind. sg. 1, 3, nelle, ( nele, 
 nylle, nyle; pi. nellad; pret. 
 nolde, — will not. Cf. nolo = 
 ne & volo. 
 
 niman, nyman, neoman, nioman, 
 st. abl. v. II. 1. to take, assume, 
 accept, receive; occupy, seize, 
 grasp. — 2. to take away, take from. 
 3. to suffer, tolerate, endure, at- 
 tain, obtain. 
 
 a-niman, to take, take from,rob. 
 aet-niman, to take away, take 
 from. 
 
 be-, bi-niman, to take away, 
 deprive of. (Ger. benehmen). 
 
 for-niman, to take away, de- 
 prive of. 
 
 ge-niman, 1. to take, appro- 
 priate, seize, receive, occupy. — 
 
 2. to take, take away, remove. — 
 
 3. to attain, endure. — 4. to enter? 
 take? obtain? Dan. 313. 
 
 nimde. See nemde (except). 
 nipan, st. abl. v. V. to spread gloom 
 
 or darkness, veil over, cover. 
 ge-nipan, 1. to be or become 
 
 dark or gloomy. — 2. to come upon, 
 
 cover over, veil. 
 nis. See neam (am not). 
 nistlan, nystlan, w. v. to nestle, 
 
 build nests (iD). 
 mtan, nytan, netan (= ne & witan), 
 
 pres. ind. sg. 1, 3, nSt.-^2. nast; 
 
 pi. nyton, neton; pret, nyste, 
 
 nysse, not to know, wit, wot. 
 
162 
 
 nid — nor dan 
 
 nid, st. m. creature, human being, 
 person. [Used in the plural only.] 
 
 nid, st. n. abyss. Sat. 634. 
 
 nid, st. m. 1. striving, effort, exer- 
 tion, violence. — 2. deed of valor, 
 battle, strife. — 3. hostile onslaught, 
 attack, pursuit,oppression, misery. 
 4. hate, envy, hostility. — 5. mean- 
 ness, badness, unworthiness. 
 
 nid, adj. intended 1 M6d. 44. 
 
 nid-cwalu, st. f. miserable death, 
 destruction. 
 
 nid-cwealm, st. m. murder, violent 
 death. 
 
 nld-draca, w. m. battle-dragon, hos- 
 tile dragon. 
 
 nide, adv. below, beneath. B. 2243. 
 
 nider, nyder, nydor, niodor, adv. 
 nether, downward, down, below. 
 
 nider-dsel, st. m. nether part. 
 
 uider-he aid , adj. downward inclined, 
 downward, prone. 
 
 niderian, nyderian, to. v. in 
 
 ge-nyderian, to degrade, hum- 
 ble, east down. 
 
 nider-weard, adj. netherward, 
 downward tending, prone. 
 
 nid-gaest (-gyst), st. m. hostile 
 stranger, misehief-making alien. 
 
 nld-ge-t§on, st. it. (cf. teen), battle- 
 effort, exertion in battle, battle. 
 
 nid-ge-weorc, st. n. foe's work, 
 battle deed, fierce deed. 
 
 nld-grim, adj. furious in battle, 
 fierce. 
 
 nld-gripe, st. m. furious grip, fierce 
 assault. 
 
 nid-hete, st m. 1. fierce hate, hos- 
 tility. — 2. torment, misfortune. 
 
 nid-hete, st. m. fierce hater, foe. 
 
 nld-heard, adj. hardened to battle, 
 bold, valiant. 
 
 nld-hycgende, part, hate-cherish- 
 ing, hostile-minded. 
 
 nld-hydig, adj. in mood for battle, 
 brave-minded. 
 
 nid-loca, w. m. dungeon, place of 
 torment. 
 
 nld-plega, w. m. battle-sport, battle, 
 fight. 
 
 nidre, adv. below, beneath. 
 
 nid-sceada, id. m. foe, persecutor. 
 
 nid-sele, st. m. hall below, submarine 
 hall, cavern in the deep. 
 
 nid-syn, st. f. heavy sin. [tie. 
 
 nid-weorc, st. a. battle-work, bat- 
 
 nld-wracu, st. f. torture, punish- 
 ment, death penalty, mischief. 
 
 nid-wundor, st. n. wonder below, 
 wonder of the deep. 
 
 niwan, neowan, neon, adj. 1. new- 
 ly, lately. — 2. anew,again. B.3104. 
 
 niwe, neowe, niowe, adv. newly. 
 
 niwian, niowian, w. v. to renew, 
 ed-niwian, same as above, 
 ge-ed-niwian, same as above, 
 ge-niwian, same as above. 
 
 niwinga, neowinga, adv. anew, 
 again. 
 
 niwlice, adv. newly, lately. 
 
 niw-tyrwed (-tyrwyd), part, new- 
 ly tarred. 
 
 nied,niehst, nleten. See nyd, 
 ueod, neali, neten. 
 
 niobed, nlod, nioman, nlor, niosan, 
 niosian, niotan, niodan, niodor, 
 nlodoweard,niowe,niowian. See 
 neobed, neod, niman, neali, neo- 
 tan, ueosan, neosian, neodan, 
 nider, neodoweard, niowe, ni- 
 wian. 
 
 no (=ne & 6), adv. never, not at all, 
 by no means, not. 
 
 noht, nohte. See ndwiht, nugan. 
 
 nolde, noma, nomian. See nillan, 
 nama, namian. 
 
 n6n, st. f. (noon), hora, nona, ninth 
 hour of the day (3 o'clock in the 
 afternoon). 
 
 nord, st m. north; adv. northward, 
 in the north. 
 
 nordan, adv. from the north. 
 
norddcfel — nywol 
 
 163 
 
 nord-dsel, st. m. northern region, 
 north wind (aquilo). 
 
 nord-ende, st. m. northern end. 
 
 nordern, adj. northern, northerly. 
 
 nord-healf, st.f. northern side or 
 quarter. 
 
 nord-man (-mon), st. m. inhabitant 
 of the north. 
 
 nord-mest, adj. northernmost. 
 
 nord-r6dor, st. m. northern sky. 
 
 nord-weg, st. m. way to the north. 
 
 nose, w. f. noselike projection, pro- 
 montory, naze. 
 
 nosu, st. f. nose. 
 
 n6d, st. f. 1. boldness, daring, valiant 
 deed. — 2. booty, plunder. Wal.28. 
 
 Nowembris, November. Men. 196. 
 
 ndwiht, noht, 1. neut. naught, noth- 
 ing. — 2. adv. not, not at all. 
 
 nu, 1. adv. now. — 2. conj. inasmuch 
 as, since, because, as. 
 
 nagaxL,pret.-pres.,pres.ind.sg. neah; 
 pi. nugon; pret. nohte, in 
 
 be-nugan, to have in one's pow- 
 er, at one's disposal, enjoy. 
 
 ge-nugan, to suffice, satisfy. 
 (Ger. genugen.) 
 
 nyd. See n§od (effort). 
 
 nyd, nied, nead, n6d, st. f. need, 
 necessity, violence, force ; — name 
 of the Eune n. 
 
 nydan, nedan, w. v. to force, compel. 
 ge-nydan, to fox'ce,compel,force 
 upon. 
 
 nydan, w. v. to be eager for, exert 
 one's self to, strive to. 
 ge-nydan, the same as above. 
 
 nyd-bcid, st. f. forced pledge, ex- 
 torted pledge. 
 
 nf d-bi-bod, st. n. compelling or bind- 
 ing command. 
 
 nyd-boda, 10. m. boder of evil, 
 messenger of ill. 
 
 nyd-bysgu, st. f. labor, effort, toil, 
 wretchedness. 
 
 nyd-bysig, adj. forced to labor, work- 
 ing from necessity,self-exhausting. 
 
 nyd-clafa, to. m. prison, dungeon, 
 torture-chamber. 
 
 nyd-, nSd-cleofa t m. nk the same. 
 
 nyd-costing, st. f. misery, oppress- 
 ion, disquietude. 
 
 nyd-fara, w. m. need-farer, fugitive 
 from necessity. [death. 
 
 nyd-ge-dal, st. n. forced separation, 
 
 nld-genga, w. m. wanderer in misery 
 or need. 
 
 nid-ge-stealla, id. m. companion in 
 misery. 
 
 nyd-ge-weald (-gewald), st. f. & n. 
 tyranny, violence, force. 
 
 nyd-grap, st. f. compelling hand, 
 compelling grasp. 
 
 nyd-, ngd-pearf, st. f. 1. need, dis- 
 tress. — 2. want, thing needed. 
 
 nyd-peow, nled-piow, st. m. serv- 
 ant or server from necessity, poor 
 servant. 
 
 nyd-, nied-wsedla, w. m. needy one, 
 person in need. 
 
 nyd-wracu, st. f. violent persecu- 
 tion, oppression, vexation. 
 
 nyhst,nyht,nyllan, nyman,nymde. 
 See neah, neaht, nillan, niman, 
 nemde. 
 
 nyrwian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-nyrwian (cf. narrow), to 
 force in, press upon, drive into a 
 corner, oppress. 
 
 nys, nyst, nyste, nystlan, nytan. 
 See neam, nest, nitan, nistlan, 
 nitan. 
 
 nyt, adj. useful, of use, helpful. 
 
 nyt, st. f. 1. use, advantage, profit. 
 2. duty, service, office. 
 
 nytan, nyten. See nitan, neten. 
 
 nyttian, w. v. to enjoy, to use. 
 
 ge-nyttian, the same as above. 
 
 nyd = nyd, st. f. zeal, eagerness, de- 
 sire? Gn. Ex. 38. 
 
 nyder, nydor. See nider. 
 
 nyderian. See, niderian. 
 
 nywol, nywolnes. See neowol, 
 neowolnes. 
 
164 
 
 6 — oferwealdend 
 
 o 
 
 6, adv. ever, at any time. 
 
 October, October. Men. 183. 
 
 of, I. prep. w. dat. of, out of, from, 
 from — to, since (sometimes post- 
 poned). — II. adv. off, away, absent. 
 
 ofaet. See ofet (fruit). 
 
 of-cUel, st. n. abyss, chasm. 
 
 ofen, ofn, st. m. oven. 
 
 ofer, prep. over. — 1. w. ace. (a) with 
 verbs of motion, seeing, &c, — di- 
 rection, tendency (above, below, 
 toward,&c.) — 2. indicating motion 
 from below upward, above some- 
 thing. — 3. the end or aim or object 
 of motion. — 4. extent over a space. 
 5. like German auf, iiber, w. dat. 
 indicating rest. — 6. indicating 
 power or sway over. — 7. prefer- 
 ence, excellence, transgression. — 
 8. contrariety, opposition to one's 
 wish, command, desire. — 9. with- 
 out (Dan. 73, B. 685).— 10. the 
 cause of joy or object of conversa- 
 tion (B. 2724; Ps. 118, 162).— 11. 
 temporal: after, through. Jud. 20. 
 II. w. dat. 1. above a thing. — 2. 
 upon a thing. — 3. preference, ex- 
 cellence, superiority over (Ps. C. 
 75). — 4. over (of rule, sway, do- 
 minion). — the preposition is some- 
 times separated from its case). 
 
 6fer, st. m. shore, bank, beach, edge. 
 (Ger. ufer.) 
 
 ofer-ceald, adj. excessively cold. 
 
 Ofer-geatu, at. f. negligence, f orget- 
 fulness. [above. 
 
 ofer-gitnes (-gytnes), st. f. same as 
 
 ofer-gitol, -gittol, -gyttol, -geotul, 
 -geottul, adj. forgetful. 
 
 ofer-gitolnes, -gytolnes, -gittolnes, 
 st. f. forgetfulness. 
 
 ofer-heah, adj. extremely high, lofty. 
 
 ofer-hidig (-higd). See oferhydig 
 (-hygd). 
 
 ofer-hige, st. m. elevation, high- 
 
 mindedness, exaltation, 
 ofer-hleodur, adj. failing to hear or 
 
 perceive, 
 ofer-holt, st. n. over-wood, cover, 
 
 shield. 
 ofer-hyd, st. n. haughtiness, pride, 
 
 arrogance, assumption, 
 ofer-hydig, adj. haughty, proud, 
 
 arrogant. 
 ofer-hydig, st. n. pride, over-mind- 
 
 edness. 
 ofer-hygd (-higd), st. n. the same. 
 ofer-hyrned, part, strong-horned, 
 
 with large horns. 
 ofer-16of, adj. over-dear, very dear, 
 ofer-maecga, w. m. one over-mighty, 
 
 superior in might, very powerful. 
 
 Gii. 664. 
 ofer-msegen, st. n. over-might, su- 
 periority. 
 ofer-msete, adj. immoderate, beyond 
 
 bounds, 
 ofer-madmas, st. m. pi. precious 
 
 jewels, 
 ofer-mede, st. n. haughtiness, pride, 
 ofer-medla, w. m. same as above. 
 ofer-met, st. n. extravagance, pride, 
 
 haughtiness. 
 ofer-mihtig, adj. very mighty, pow- 
 erful. 
 ofer-m6d, st. m. over-mood, pride, 
 
 insolence. 
 ofer-m6d, adj. puffed up, proud, in- 
 solent. 
 ofer-m6dig, adj. same as above. 
 ofer-seeld, st. f. false happiness. 
 ofer-pearf, st. f. great need, extreme 
 
 distress. 
 ofer-brym, st. m. excessive strength, 
 
 power. 
 ofer-wealdend, part. & subs, highest 
 
 lord, sovereign. 
 
ofer wleaca — onlaug 
 
 165 
 
 ofer-wlenca, st. f. j)7. great wealth, 
 riches. 
 
 ofest. See ofost (haste). 
 
 ofet, ofcet, St. n, fruit. (Ger. obst.) 
 
 of-hende, adj. lost, misplaced. Cf. 
 off-hand. 
 
 of-longod, part, seized with long- 
 ing, yearning. 
 
 of-lysted, -lyst, part, very lustful, 
 voluptuous. 
 
 ofn. See ofen (oven). 
 
 ofost, ofest, st. f. haste. 
 
 ofost-lice, ofest-, ofst-, ofes-, adv. 
 hastily, in haste, quickly. 
 
 oft, adv. often. 
 
 pf-t>yrsted,pari.very thirsty,greedy 
 
 oht. See Swiht (aught). 
 
 oht, st. f. persecution, oppression, 
 disquietude. 
 
 oht-nyd, -nled, st. f. same as above. 
 
 6-hwser, 6-wer, adv. anywhere, 
 anywhither. 
 
 6-hwasder. See Swder (either). 
 
 6-hwonan, adv. anywhence, from 
 any source. 
 
 61, pret. of alan, to grow, spring up, 
 heget, arise. Eim. 23. 
 
 6m, st. m. rust, corruption ; eruption. 
 
 om-beht, -biht, -bieht. See am- 
 beht. 
 
 omig, adj. rusty, rust-eaten. 
 
 on. See nnnan (to grant). 
 
 on, prep. I. w. dat. or iustr. 1. on, 
 upon, besides, in; on (of musical 
 instruments accompanied by sing- 
 ing). — 2. from, of (w. verbs of tak- 
 ing, receiving; and expressions of 
 material). — 3. in, on, upon (often 
 w. verbs of placing, motion, &e). — 
 4. temporal: in, on, during. — II. 
 w. ace. 1. on, upon, in, to, toward, 
 to one side (w. verbs of hoping, 
 trusting, believing, thinking, see- 
 ing, looking, hearing, making, be- 
 coming, changing). — 2. into. — 3. 
 according to, in accordance with. 
 
 4. toward. — 5. temporal: to, at, 
 for, on, in. [The preposition often 
 follows its case, or is separated 
 from it.] 
 
 on-sedele, adj. innate, natural. 
 
 on-baeru, st.f. renunciation? absti- 
 j nence? self -denial? Gu. 1027. 
 ! oa-heht, -hyht. See amheht. 
 I on-bid, st. n. abiding, expectation, 
 hope; lingering, wasting. 
 
 oncer, onoyr. See anoor (anchor). 
 
 on-cyd, st. f. pain, suffering. 
 
 an-cyd-dsed, st. f. deed causing 
 pain or suffering. 
 
 on-cydig, adj. suffering; painful. 
 
 ond, ond-, onda. See and, anda. 
 
 on-drysne, adj. frightful, terrible, 
 awe-inspiring, awful, venerable. 
 
 on-drysnlic, adj. terrible, frightful. 
 Ps. Th. 46, 2. 
 
 on-ettan, w. v. to hasten, hurry, 
 eagerly set to work. 
 
 on-eardiend, part. & subs, indweller, 
 inhabitant. 
 
 on-feng, st. m. 1. seizing on, grasp- 
 ing (Kun. 44). — 2. hostile seizure, 
 attack. 
 
 on-foran, adv. afore, in front of. 
 
 on-forht, onga, onge. See anforht, 
 anga, auge. 
 
 on-gegn, -gegen, -gean, -gan, -gen, 
 prep. te. dat. & ace. & adv. against, 
 opposite. 
 
 on-gend, prep, beyond? on yonder 
 side ? Wid. 85. 
 
 on-gin, st. n. X. beginning, com- 
 mencement (Ph. 638). — 2. some- 
 thing begun, enterprise, under- 
 taking. — 3. onrush, attack. An. 
 466. 
 
 on-licel, adj. whole, hale, entire. 
 
 on-hsele, adj. secret, concealed. 
 
 on-hinden, adv. behind. 
 
 on-hremes, st. f. confusion, uproar, 
 excitement. 
 
 on-lang, adj. continuous, extended, 
 along. Exod. 53. 
 
166 
 
 onlic — orlseg 
 
 on-llc, adj. like, resembling, similar. 
 
 on-lice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 on-licnes, st. f. 1. likeness, resem- 
 blance, similarity. — 2. image, 
 effigy, likeness. 
 
 cm-media, -maedla, w. in. haughti- 
 ness, pride. 
 
 on-mod, adj. valiant, brave. 
 
 onn. See unnan (to grant). 
 
 on-riht, adj. 1. lawful, proper, true. 
 2. partaking of? clinging to? 
 Exod. 358. 
 
 on-saege, adj. tending to fall, falling. 
 
 on-scSoniendlic,a(?/. to be shunned, 
 abominable. 
 
 on-segednes, st.f. offering, sacrifice. 
 
 on-seon, -sien, -sion. See onsyn 
 (sight). 
 
 on-stael, st. m. arrangement, destina- 
 tion, determination. 
 
 on-stealle? Dan. 247. 
 
 on-sund, adj. sound, hale, whole, 
 uninjured. 
 
 on-syn, -synn, -seon, -sien, -sion, 
 st. f. sight, glance, face, aspect, 
 appearance. 
 
 on-syn, -sien, st. f. lack, deficiency. 
 
 on-syne, adj. visible, evident, prom- 
 inent. 
 
 on-wald, -walg, -walh. See on- 
 -weald, onwealh. 
 
 on-weg, adv. away, off. 
 
 on-wendednes, st. f. change, ex- 
 change. 
 
 on-weald, -wald,sf. m. might, power. 
 
 on-weald, adj. mighty, powerful. 
 
 on-wealda, w. in. prince, lord. 
 
 on-wealh, -walg, adj. sound, whole, 
 uninjured. 
 
 on-wille, adj. agreeable, pleasant, 
 dear. 
 
 on-wist, gt. f. presence at, on, or in 
 a place ; presence. 
 
 on-wunung, st. f. dwelling, house. 
 
 open, adj. open, evident, clear, well- 
 known. 
 
 openian, w. v. to open, open up, de- 
 clare, reveal. 
 
 ge-openian, the same as above. 
 
 open-lice, adv. openly, publicly. 
 
 or, st. n. 1. origin, beginning. — 2. 
 vanguard of an army, front rank 
 in battle, front. (Ger. ur-.) 
 
 6ra, w. m. edge, brink, margin. 
 
 orad. See ord (breath). 
 
 ore, st. to. vessel, beaker, can. 
 
 or-cnlwe, -onsewe, adj. evident, 
 noticeable, well-known. 
 
 orc-nS, st. m. sea-monster, larva. 
 
 ord, st. re. (cf. odd), point — 1. sword- 
 point, spear-point, sword, spear. — 
 2. beginning. — 3. head of an army, 
 foremost rank, line of battle. — 4. 
 head, prince, chief. 
 
 ord-bana, w. m. spear-slayer, one 
 who kills with a spear. 
 
 ord-fruma, w. m. 1. originator, au- 
 thor, creator. — 2. sovereign, prince. 
 
 ord-stapu, st. f. spear-ingress or en- 
 trance, entrance of a spear. 
 
 ord-wiga, -wyga, w. to. forefighter 
 in battle. 
 
 oret, st. m. & re.? battle, labor. Ps. 
 127, 2. 
 
 oreta. See oretta. 
 
 oret-msecg, -maeg, -mecg, st. to. 
 warrior, soldier, hero, champion. 
 
 oretta, w. to. the same as above. 
 
 orettan, w. v. to exert one's self, fight 
 or contend for, pursue eagerly. 
 
 ge-orettan, to confuse, con- 
 found, put out of countenance. 
 
 ored. See ord (breath). 
 
 or-feorme, adj. naked, bare, empty, 
 aimless, useless, without means. 
 
 organ, -gana, -ganon, st. & w. to. 
 1. organ — 2. song, canticle. 
 
 or-gete, -geate, adj. known from the 
 beginning, well known. 
 
 or-hlytte, adj. without lot or part, 
 unpossessed of, destitute of. 
 
 or-lasg, st. n. ancient, primitive, or 
 primeval law, fate. 
 
oi lceggifre — oxa 
 
 167 
 
 or-lseg-gifre, adj. greedy for war, 
 
 fond of war. 
 or-leg, st. n. destruction, evil, effort, 
 
 trouble, torture, 
 or-leg-ceap, st. m. prize of war, booty, 
 
 spoil, 
 or-lege, st. n. lawlessness, war, con- 
 flict, hostility. — 2. contradiction 
 (Jul. 97). — 3. martyrdom, torture, 
 misery. 
 
 or-lege, adj. hostile, inimical. 
 
 or-leg-from, adj. fitted or able for 
 war or battle, strenuous. 
 
 or-leg-hwil, st. f. time of battle, 
 war-time. 
 
 or-leg-nid, st. m. battle-rage, hos- 
 tility, war. 
 
 or-leg-sceaft, st. f. death-penalty or 
 punishment. 
 
 or-leg-stund, st. f. time of battle, 
 decision of battle. 
 
 or-leg-weorc, st. n. wav-deed, 'work 
 of war. 
 
 or-leahtre, adj. blameless, unblem- 
 ished. 
 
 or-maete, adj. immeasurable, meas- 
 ureless, immense. 
 
 or-mete, adj. the same as above. 
 
 or-mod, adj. despairing, hopeless. 
 
 orod. See ord (breath). 
 
 or-sawle, adj. soulless, lifeless. 
 
 or-sorg, adj. careless, free from care 
 or sorrow. 
 
 or-sorgnes, st. f. carelessness, free- 
 dom from care or sorrow. 
 
 or-trywe, adj. without trust, mis- 
 trustful, distrustful. 
 
 ord, orad, ored, orod, orud, st. n. 
 breath, spirits, snorting. 
 
 or-panc, -pone, adj. artistic, inge- 
 nious. Ruin. 16. 
 
 or-panc, -bone, st. m. & n. 1. original 
 
 thought, genius, spirit, skill, art. — 
 
 2. thoughtlessness, negligence. 
 
 Sol. 164. [bond. 
 
 or-ponc-bend, st. f. artistic band or 
 
 or-ponc-pil, st. «. artistic staff, rod ? 
 
 stylus? 
 orud. See ord (breath). 
 ovwena, w. adj. hopeless, despair- 
 ing, mistrustful. Cf. ween, 
 or-wennys, st. f. despair, hopeless- 
 ness. 
 or-wearde, adv. without a guard, 
 
 keeper, or guardian. 
 or-wige, adj. unwarlike, cowardly. 
 or-wyrdu, st/.unworthiness,shame. 
 or-yldu, st. f. great age, weakness 
 of old age, senility. Cf. Ger. 
 wait. fy_s 
 6s, st. in. 1. God. — 2. name of the 
 
 Eune o. iJun. 10. 
 otor, prep, over, beyond, beside, 
 apart from, outside of. Dan. 73. 
 6d, I. prep. w. ace. until, to, up to, 
 as far as; — 6d pset, comj. w. ind. 
 & subj. until, till ; so long as (An. 
 827); — 6d pe, emij. until, till. — 
 II. conj. till, until. 
 6del, st. m. home. 
 
 oder, pron. 1. (the) other, (the) sec- 
 ond; — oder — 6der, the one — the 
 other; — pi. the rest, the others. — 
 2. one of two. — 3. another. 
 oder. See 6wder (either). 
 odde, conj. or 
 6-wiht, 6ht, neut. aught, a whit, 
 
 something. 
 owder, 6der (= 6hwaeder), pron. 
 
 either, one of two. 
 6-wer. See 6hweer (anywhere). 
 oxa, w. to. ox (bos). 
 
168 
 
 pud — r sedan 
 
 pad, st. f. covering, garment. Cf. 
 
 pea-jacket? 
 paed, pad, st. m. path, 
 pasddan, peddan, w. v. to traverse, 
 
 penetrate, travel over, 
 palma, w. m. palm-tree, 
 palm-trgow, st. m. same as above, 
 panna, panne, w. m. & /. pan. 
 pandber, st m. panther, 
 pater-noster, m. n. paternoster (our 
 
 Father), 
 pad. See paed. 
 pentecosten, n. pentecost. 
 pernex, si. ?». a bird? Bid. 41:66. 
 peddan. See paeddan (to traverse). 
 p§a, w. m. peacock, 
 peord, name for the Rune p. Bun. 
 
 38. 
 pil, st. m. arrow, dart, pilum. 
 plega, w. m. 1. quick motion, jour- 
 
 ney, movement. — 2. battle-play, 
 battle. — 3. play, jest, sport, pas- 
 time, joy. 
 
 plegan, plegian, in. v. I. to put one's 
 self in rapid motion, to move rap- 
 idly. — 2. to clap the hands. — 3> to 
 play, sport, jest. 
 
 porte, w. f. portal, gate, door. 
 
 portic, st. m. portico, colonnade, 
 porch. 
 
 prass? (By. 68), press? throng? 
 
 preost, st. m. priest, presbyter. 
 
 psalterium, — psalter. 
 
 pund, st. it. pound. 
 
 pynd? pond? cistern? lake? Bim. 
 49. 
 
 pyndan, w. v. in 
 
 for-pyndan, to crush, suppress, 
 remove. 
 
 pyt, st. m. pit. 
 
 E 
 
 racente, w.f. chain, fetter. 
 
 racentSag, st. f. the same as above. 
 
 racian, w. v., w. dat. to rule, guide, 
 control. 
 
 racu, st.f. course of a thing, evolu- 
 tion, unfolding, representation, re- 
 counting, narration, cause. 
 
 rad, st. f. 1. riding, raid (Bun. 13). 
 2. journey (El. 982). — 3. road, 
 way. — 4. rhythm, time. — 5. name 
 of the Eune r. Bun 13. 
 
 rador. See r6dor (sky). 
 
 rad-pyt, st. m. riding-pit, i. e. well 
 with drawing-pole attachment. 
 Bid. 59 : 14, 15. 
 
 rad-weng, adj. road-weary, foot- 
 sore. 
 
 rsecan, rsecean, w. v. to reach, 
 stretch out, extend, run along. 
 
 ge-rascan, 1. to reach, attain, 
 strike, hit, take. — 2. reach after, 
 extend to, reach to (Ps. 137: 7). — 
 
 3. to reach to, extend, stretch out 
 (Gn. Ex. 92).— 4. to attain, win.— 
 5. intr. to reach. Wid. 16: 27. 
 
 raeced, reced, recyd, st. m. & «. 
 building, house, room, hall. 
 
 rasd, red, st. m. 1. counsel, good ad- 
 vice, rede.— 2. advantage, gain, 
 profit. — 3. power, might. 
 
 rsedan, st. red. v. 1. to advise, coun- 
 sel, persuade. — 2. to advise for, 
 care for. — 3. to rule, govern, reign. 
 
 4. to have power over, possess. — 
 
 5. to guess,forebode. (Ger. ratlten . ) 
 raadan, w. v. 1. to advise, counsel.— 
 
 2. to rule, guide.— 3. to read. 
 a-reedan, to unriddle, decipher. 
 
reedan — rasian 
 
 169 
 
 be-reedan, to betray, withdraw, 
 take away, rob of. 
 
 reedan, w. v. in 
 
 a-rtedau, to make ready? pre- 
 pare? Wand. 5; Gn. Ex. 192. 
 
 ge-reedan, to start, get ready, 
 prepare, execute, resolve. 
 
 reed-bora, w. m. rede-bearer, ad- 
 viser. 
 
 reede, adj. ready, complete. 
 
 reedelle, w. f. riddle (something to 
 read, or guess.) 
 
 reedend, part. & subs, adviser, guide, 
 ruler, commander. 
 
 reed-fsafct, -fest, adj. resolute, re- 
 solved, steadfast, determined. 
 
 rsed-ge-peaht, st. n. deliberation, 
 counsel, consultation. 
 
 reed-hycgende, part, acquainted 
 with, cognizant of. 
 
 reed-leas, adj. 1. redeless.ill-advised. 
 2. abandoned, bad. 
 
 reed-snottor, adj. wise in counsel, 
 clever, sage. 
 
 reed-beahtende, part, that delib- 
 erates, wise, sagacious. 
 
 reed-beahtere, st. m. deliberator, 
 adviser. 
 
 reefnan, refhan, reefnian, w. r. 1. to 
 do, execute, accomplish. — 2. to en- ' 
 dure, sustain, tolerate. Ph. 643. 
 
 a-reefnan, to endure, suffer, 
 carry out, accomplish, do. 
 
 reeft, mold, decay?, Kim. 66. (Eng. 
 raft = fusty smell?) 
 
 reeg-heer, adj. hoar, roe-colored. 
 
 raegn, reegol-feest. See regn.regol- 
 faest. 
 
 reeman, w. v. in 
 
 a-rsman, to rise, stand up. 
 
 reendan, 10. v. in 
 
 to-rasndan, to rend, to tear in 
 pieces. 
 
 reepan, w. v. to bind, tie with ropes, 
 ge-reepan, the same as above. 
 
 reaping, st. m. one bound, prisoner. 
 
 reeran, ic. v. to rear, rise up, lift up, 
 erect, arrange, elevate, promote; 
 arouse, set in motion. 
 a-reeran, the same as above. 
 
 rees, st. m. 1. attack, onslaught, on- 
 rush. — 2. leap, jump, rush. 
 
 reesan, w. v. 1. to rush on or at, at- 
 tack,press.— 2. to send. Kid. 26: 8. 
 ge-reesan, the same as above. 
 purh-reesan, to rush through. 
 
 rees-bora, w. m. rusher-on, leader, 
 deliberator, provider, adviser,king. 
 
 reest, reestan See rest, rSstan. 
 
 reesu, st.f. foresight? Az. 126. 
 
 reeswa, w. m. prince, ruler, adviser, 
 guide. 
 
 rafan, st. abl. v. IV. in 
 
 be-rafan, to rob of, despoil. 
 
 rahte, pret. of recoan (to rule). 
 
 ram, rom, st. m. ram. 
 
 ranc-street, st. f. street through the 
 foe, gap in hostile ranks. Gen. 
 2112. 
 
 rand, rond, st. m. rim, margin, edge. 
 
 1. edge of a rock (B. 2538).— 2. 
 edge or rim of a shield. — 3. shield. 
 
 randa, k. m. shield. By. 20. 
 rand-burg, si. f. 1. fortress or castle 
 
 provided or decked with shields? 
 
 shield- wall? defense? Jul. 19.— 
 
 2. shield-wall of waves, upheaved 
 Red Sea. Exod. 463. 
 
 rand-ge-beorh, st. n. shield-defense, 
 
 protecting shield (wave). 
 rand-heebbende, j)«rt. shield-holder, 
 
 shield-warrior. 
 rand-wiga, to. m. shield-warrior, 
 
 warrior, 
 rand-wigend, -wiggend, part. & 
 
 subs, the same as above, 
 retp, st. m. rope, 
 rasettan, w. v. to rage. 
 rasian, w. v. to search out, explore, 
 
 discover, 
 a-rasian, to search out,discover, 
 
 uncover, seize. 
 
170 
 
 rade — redian 
 
 rade, adv. instantly, at once, quickly. 
 Cf. rathe. 
 
 rSc, st. m. reek, smoke, steam. 
 
 recari, w. o. to smoke, reek. 
 
 recan, reccan, w. v. to reck, care 
 about, seek after, examine, long 
 for, demand. 
 
 reccan, recan, reccean, w. v. (pret. 
 reahte). — 1. to rule, guide, direct, 
 govern. — 2. to stretch out, extend 
 (Met. 29: 63).— 3. to recount, in- 
 form, narrate, say, speak. 
 
 a-reccan, 1. to spread out, strike 
 out (Ori. 1125). — 2. to put in order, 
 build up, complete (Eim. 10). — 
 3. to erect, build up. — 4. to expli- 
 cate, explain, clear up. — 5. to say, 
 pronounce, announce, inform, nar- 
 rate. 
 
 and-reccan, to narrate, inform, 
 bring forward. 
 
 ge-reccan, 1. to guide, arrange, 
 set up, establish. — 2. to explicate, 
 represent, explain. — 3. to narrate, 
 inform. — 4. to blame, reprimand, 
 scold. 
 
 reccend, part. & subs, ruler, regent, 
 guide, leader. 
 
 rece-least, -lest, st. f. recklessness, 
 carelessness. 
 
 reced, recels. See raeced, rycels. 
 
 recen, recon, adj. ready, prompt, 
 quick. 
 
 recen, adj. smoky, smoked, reeking, 
 filthy. 
 
 recene, ricene, ricone, rycene, adv. 
 immediately, instantly, at once. 
 
 recenian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-recenian, to explain, repre- 
 sent clearly. 
 
 recon, recyd. See recen, raeced. 
 
 r§d. See reed (advice). 
 
 rede, adj. ready. 
 
 redian, w. v. in 
 
 a-redian, trans. & intrans. to 
 find one's way, attain, reach ; to 
 do, execute, effect. 
 
 refhan. See rasfnan (to perform). 
 
 regn, r§n, st. m. rain. 
 
 regn-heard, adj. very hard, firm. 
 
 regnian, 'renian, w. v. to arrange, 
 prepare, plan, 
 be-renian, the same as above, 
 ge-regnian, to prepare, provide, 
 furnish, deck. 
 
 regnig, renig, adj. rainy. 
 
 regol, regul, st. m. rule, regulation, 
 canon, guidance. 
 
 regol-fasst, adj. rigid, strict, adher- 
 ing to monastic rules. 
 
 regn-beof, w. m. arrant thief. 
 
 regn-, ren-weard, st. m. preeminent 
 ruler, excellent guardian. 
 
 regn-wyrm, st. m. rainworm. 
 
 reliquias (acc.pl. Latin), relics. 
 
 rSn, r§n-, rene, rgnian, renig. See 
 regn, ryne, regnian, regnig. 
 
 reran. See reeran (to rear). 
 
 rSsele, w. f. riddle, solution of a rid- 
 dle. (Ger. rathsel.) 
 
 rest, raest, st. f. 1. rest. — 2. resting- 
 place, bed, grave. 
 
 restan, w. v. to rest, repose, cele- 
 brate holy days or holiday; to 
 succumb ; — often reflexive, 
 ge-restan, the same as above. 
 
 restan, reestan, 10. v. to rejoice, ex- 
 ult, cry out. Ps. 113: 4. 
 
 rest-bedd, st. n. bed of rest. 
 
 rgtan, w. v. to delight, give pleasure 
 to, cheer up. 
 a-retan, the same as above. 
 
 rede, adj. intended, calculated: 
 fixed, valid. 
 
 rede, adj. rude, rough, wild, severe, 
 furious, savage, wroth. 
 
 r§de, adv. the same as above. 
 
 rede-hydig, adj. ready-minded, easy- 
 tempered. 
 
 rede-man, st. m. money-lender, cap- 
 italist. 
 
 rede-mod, adj. savage, wroth, cruel. 
 
 redian, w. v. to arrange, dispose, fix, 
 establish. 
 
redigmod — riht 
 
 171 
 
 redig-mod, adj. savage, fierce-spir- 
 ited. 
 
 rex (Latin), king. 
 
 rex genidlan (El. 609). See under 
 cearc. 
 
 read, adj. red. 
 
 reade, adv. the same as above. 
 
 read-fag, adj. red, red-colored. 
 
 reaf, st. n. robe, garment, corselet. 
 2. booty, plunder, spoil (in war). 
 
 reafere, st. m. robber, rover. 
 
 reafian, w. v. to rob, plunder, de- 
 spoil, ravage. 
 
 a-reafian, to take away, deprive 
 of, destroy. 
 
 be-, bi-reafian, to bereave, rob 
 of, plunder. 
 
 reaf-lac, st. n. plunder, booty, spoil, 
 rapine. 
 
 reahte, pret. of reccan (to rule). 
 
 rgoe, adj. tumultuous, wild, rough, 
 raging. 
 
 reocan, st. abi. v. VI. to reek, smoke. 
 
 rebd, adj. red, ruddy. 
 
 reodan, st. all. v. VI. 1. to redden, 
 stain with blood. — 2. to kill, slay. 
 
 reoden, st. f. shaking ? shaking up ? 
 sieve, dresser? Rid. 26: 8. 
 
 reodian, w. v. to pass through a 
 sieve. 
 
 reofau, st. ail. v. VI. to break up, 
 split, reave, break through. 
 
 be-, bi-reofan, to rob of, deprive of. 
 
 reomig-mod, adj. genial, generous- 
 minded, cheerful in spirit. 
 
 r§on (?) lament,lamentation. H6.6. 
 
 r@on (pret.), rebne. See rowan, 
 rebw. 
 
 rSonig, adj. sad. 
 
 reonig-mod, adj. sorrowful-minded. 
 
 reord, st. f. («.), speech, talk, lan- 
 guage, voice. 
 
 reord, st. f. means of subsistence, 
 food. Gen. 1344. 
 
 rebrd, pret. of rsedan (to advise). 
 
 reord-berend, part. & snls. endowed 
 with Speech; human being. 
 
 reordiau, w. v. to speak, talk, say. 
 un-reordian, to dishonor, dis- 
 agree. Sat. 66. 
 
 reordian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-reordian, to sustain with 
 food, satisfy, prepare food, enter- 
 tain. 
 
 reot, st. m.ff.f noise? tumult? riot? 
 noisy joy? B. 2457. 
 
 reotan, st. ail. v. VI. to weep, wail, 
 lament, sorrow. 
 
 be-rebtan, to bewail, grieve 
 over. 
 
 wid-reotan, to contend against, 
 resist, frighten off. 
 
 reotend, adj. weeping. 
 
 rebw, adj. rough, savage, furious. 
 
 rib, st. n. rib. 
 
 rice, adj. mighty, powerful, wealthy, 
 rich. 
 
 rice, st. n. (cf. -rick), might, supe- 
 rior might, supremacy, rule. — 
 2. realm, domain. 
 
 rlcels, ricene, ricone. See rycels, 
 recene. 
 
 rlcsian, rlxian, w. v. to be mighty, 
 powerful; to rule, govern. 
 
 ricu, st. f. direction? Bid. 4: 31;— 
 21: 16. 
 
 ridan, st. all. v. V. 1. to ride — 2. to 
 move (in general). — 3. to lie upon, 
 sit. Gen. 372. 
 
 ge-rldan, to ride over (a place 
 or spot). 
 od-rldan, to ride to, go to. 
 
 ridan, st. all. v. V. in 
 
 ge-rldan, to prepare, get ready. 
 
 rldend, part. & subs, rider. 
 
 rift, ryft, st. f. linen cloth, sack, bag, 
 veil, covering. 
 
 rignan, st. all. v. I. to rain. 
 
 rihde (B. 2239). See wyscan. 
 
 riht, ryht, adj. 1. right, straight.— 
 
 2. right, correct, just, righteous. — 
 
 3. allowable, fitting. 
 
172 
 
 riht — r6t 
 
 riht, st. n. 1. right. — 2. first=part, 
 portion, possession. — 3. duty, ob- 
 ligation, debt. — 4. true state of a 
 thing, correctness. — 4. account. 
 
 rihtan, w: v. 1. to direct, prepare, 
 arrange. — 2. to set up, erect, 
 ge-rihtan, to direct. 
 
 riht-asdlo, st. n. pi. true natural dis- 
 position. 
 
 rihte, ryhte, adv. rightly, correctly, 
 outright. 
 
 rilitend, ryhtend, part. & subs, di- 
 rector, leader, guide. 
 
 riht-f rem m ende, part, right-acting, 
 right-doing. 
 
 riht-heort, adj. righHiearted,honest. 
 
 riht-lice, adv. rightly, correctly, 
 justly. 
 
 rihtnes, -nys, st. /. rightness, rec- 
 titude, justness. 
 
 riht-ryne, st. m. right or straight 
 course. 
 
 riht-scytte, st m. good and true pro- 
 
 , teetion or defense? true shot? 
 
 riht-, ryht-wls, adj. righteous, just. 
 
 riht-wislice, adv. righteously, 
 wisely. 
 
 riht-wlsnes, st. f. righteousness, 
 rectitude; justness, straightness. 
 
 rim, sf. n. (rime), number, multitude. 
 
 riman, w. v. 1. to count. — 2. reckon 
 up, number. — 3. to count among, 
 reckon as belonging to. 
 
 a-riman, to count out, through, 
 up. 
 
 ge-riman, to count. 
 
 rim-cr*ft, st. m. art of reckoning, 
 calculation, numeration, arith- 
 metic. 
 
 rim-, rym-creeftig, adj. good at 
 reckoning. 
 
 rim-ge-tael, -getel, st. n. number. 
 
 rim-talu, st.f. the same as above. 
 
 rinc, st. hi. man (vir). 
 
 rinc-ge-tsel, st. n. number of men. 
 
 rind. See lamrindum. 
 
 rinnan, st. abl. v. I. to run, flow, 
 a-rinnan, to run out, off, or away; 
 to pass away. 
 
 be-, bi-rinnan, to run upon, run 
 over, overflow. 
 
 gc-rinnan, to run together, co- 
 agulate. 
 
 od-rinnan, to run off, out, away, 
 escape. 
 
 rip, ryp, .si. n. ripeness, harvest. 
 
 rip, adj. ripe, mature. 
 
 ripan, w. o. to reap, harvest. 
 
 risan, st. ail. v. V. to rise, stand up. 
 3-risan, to arise, rise up, origin- 
 ate, spring up or from. 
 
 ge-risan, to fit, be fitting, appro- 
 priate, become, belong to. 
 
 rid, ryd, st. m. brook, stream. 
 
 lirrian. See ricsian (to rule). 
 
 rocettan, w. v . to eructate, belch 
 forth, throw up. 
 
 rod, st. f. rood, cross, holyrood. 
 
 rodor, rador, st. m. (radiant?), sky, 
 firmament, ether. 
 
 r6dor-beorht, adj. heaven-bright. 
 
 rodor-, rador-cyning, st. m. l-ing of 
 heaven. 
 
 r6dor-st61, st. m. heaven-stool, 
 throne of heaven. 
 
 rodor-torht, adj. heaven-bright, with 
 celestial brightness. 
 
 r6dor-tungol, st. n. heaven-star, star, 
 constellation. 
 
 rof, adj. able, strong, valiant. 
 
 r6f-word, adj. strong of speech, vig- 
 orous in word. 
 
 rogian, ?<\ v. to thrive, grow, ad- 
 vance, go forward. (Ger. riiclcen.) 
 
 rom. See ram (male sheep). 
 
 romian, r6migaii, w. v. to strive for, 
 seek to attain. 
 
 rond, r6p? (Rid. 58: 3). See rand, 
 r6f. 
 
 r6rend, part. & subs, rower. 
 
 rose, w. f. rose. 
 
 rot, adj. cheerful, bright, lively. 
 
row — ryd 
 
 173 
 
 r6w, st. f. repose, quiet. (Ger. 
 ruhe. Cf. un-ruly.) 
 
 rowan, st. red. i. to row, steer, 
 swim, take ship. 
 
 rah, riiw, adj. rough, rude ; hirsute, 
 hairy. 
 
 rum, st. m. room, space. 
 
 rum, adj. 1. roomy, spacious, wide, 
 comprehensive. — 2. same mean- 
 ings applied to the mind. — 3. of 
 great weight, bearing, or effect 
 (Hy. 7: 15). — 4. extreme, far reach- 
 ing (Gu. 460). 
 
 rume, adv. 1. far. — 2. richly, plen- 
 teously, numerously. — 3. light- 
 heartedly (Jud. 97). — 4. openly, 
 publicly (Jul. 314). — 5. temporal: 
 compar. rumor, still further, fur- 
 ther yet. 
 
 rum-gal, adj. exulting in space? 
 much elated? Gen. 1466. 
 
 rum-heort, adj. big-hearted, gen- 
 erous. 
 
 rum-lice, adv. 1. richly, abundantly. 
 2. far, afar. B. 139. 
 
 rum-mod, adj. great-minded, gen- 
 erous, big-hearted. 
 
 run, st. f. 1. secret conelave,council, 
 deliberation. — 2. secret. — 3. secret 
 writing, runic writing, rune. 
 
 run-cofa, w. m. secret-holder, breast, 
 bosom. 
 
 run-crasftig, adj. acquainted with 
 runes. 
 
 run-stasf, st. m. rune-stave, rune, 
 runic letter. 
 
 run-wita, w. m. 1. rune-wit, knower 
 of secrets. — 2. privy councilor, 
 private adviser. 
 
 raw. See ruh (rough). 
 
 rycels, recels, ricels, st. n. incense, 
 perfume. 
 
 rycene. See recene (quickly). 
 
 ryfan, tc v. in 
 
 be-ryfan, to rob of, deprive, 
 take away. 
 
 ryft, ryht, ryht-, ryhte, ryhtend. 
 See rift, riht, rihte, rihtend. 
 
 ryman, to. r. 1. to make room or 
 place, spread, prepare. — 2. to clear 
 away, remove. Ex. 479. 
 
 ge-ryman, to make room or 
 place, spread, grant, permit, allow. 
 
 ryxn-craeftig. See rimcrasftig. 
 
 ryn (?) roaring, roar. 
 
 rynan, w. v. to roar. 
 
 ryne, rene, st. m. 1. course, path. — 
 2. running (of fluids), rain. Gen. 
 1416. 
 
 ryne, st. n. secret. 
 
 ryne-gaest, -giest, st. m. rain-spirit, 
 lightning. 
 
 rynel, st. m. runner, courier, mes- 
 senger. 
 
 ryne-man, st. m. rune-man, one in- 
 itiated into mysteries, cherisher 
 or keeper of secrets. 
 
 ryne-strong, arf;'. strong in running. 
 
 ryne-swift, adj. swift in running, 
 swift. 
 
 ryne-pragu, st. f. running. 
 
 rynig, adj. able to run, a good run- 
 ner. 
 
 ryp. See rip (ripe). 
 
 rypan, w. v. in 
 
 2-rypan, to separate, tear off or 
 away, rip. 
 be-rypan, to rob of, deprive of. 
 
 ryd. See rid (brook). 
 
174 
 
 sacan — saelad 
 
 s 
 
 •sacan, st. all. v. IV. 1. to fight, con- 
 tend, struggle. — 2. to attack, rush 
 on, curse. 
 
 an-saoan, to repel, deny, refuse, con- 
 tradict. 
 
 for-sacan, to forsake, renounce 
 (what is forbidden), repel. 
 
 ge-sacan, to effect by conten- 
 tion, win, conquer, occupy. 
 
 on-sacan, 1. to contest, strive 
 •with or against. — 2. to oppose, con- 
 tend for. — 3. to deny. 
 
 wid-sacan, to oppose, contend 
 against, refuse, scorn, abandon, 
 renounce. 
 
 sacerd, st. m. priest. Cf. saoerdos. 
 
 sacerd-had, st. m. priestly condition, 
 rank, priesthood. 
 
 sacu, st. f. strife, controversy, hos- 
 tility, feud, conflict. 
 
 sada, w. m. sling. 
 
 sadian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-sadian, to satisfy, satiate. 
 
 sadol, st. m. saddle. 
 
 sadol-beorht, adj. with bright sad- 
 dle, finely caparisoned. 
 
 sab, st. m. &f. sea, ocean. 
 
 Sce-bSt, st. m. sea-boat. 
 
 sas-beorg, st. m. sea mountain or 
 wall, shore, mountain of waves. 
 
 saec, st. n. strife, controversy. 
 
 saecan. See sScan (to seek). 
 
 Sceccan, to fight? Kid. 172. 
 
 saecie, ssece. See sacu (strife). 
 
 saecgen, st. f. saying, announce- 
 ment, utterance. 
 
 ssecgan. See secgan (to say). 
 
 sas-cir, -cyr, st. m. sea-turning, ebb, 
 baekflow of the sea. 
 
 ssecra = sastra, gen. pi. of saetere, 
 ambuscade? plot? Rim. 65. 
 
 sae-cyning, sf. m. sea-king. 
 
 saed, adj. satisfied, satiated. Cf. 
 sad = settled. 
 
 saed, st. n. 1. seed, sowing. — 2. seed. 
 3. seed, scion, descendant. — 4. 
 seed, seed-field. — 5. growth. 
 
 ssed-berende, part, seed-bearing; 
 having increase in God? God-fear- 
 ing? Gen. 1145. 
 
 sae-deor, st. n. sea-beast. 
 
 sas-draca, w. m. sea-dragon. 
 
 sas-farod, -fearod, st. m. beating of 
 the wave, wave-beat, wave. 
 
 sae-fassten, st. n. sea-fastness, ocean. 
 
 sae-fisc, st. m. sea-fish. 
 
 sae-flod, st. m. sea-flood. 
 
 sae-flota, w. m. sea-float, ship. 
 
 sae-f6r, st. f. seafaring, sea-journey. 
 
 saegan, w. v. to sink (trans.), cause 
 to sink. 
 
 ge-saegan, to fell, strike down, 
 bend. 
 
 on-sasgan, to fell, cast down. 
 
 sasgen, st. f. legend, tale, saga. 
 
 sae-genga, jc. m. seagoer, seafaring 
 ship. 
 
 sae-g6ap, adj. sea-broad, broad 
 enough for sea-navigation, spa- 
 cious. 
 
 saegl, segl, st. n. sun (eye). 
 
 saegon. See s§on (to see). 
 
 sse-grund, st m. sea-bottom, ocean 
 depth. 
 
 sae-hengest, sf. m. seahorse, ship. 
 
 sae-holm, si. m. ocean. 
 
 sael, st. n. room, house, hall. (Ger. 
 saal.) 
 
 sael, st. m. & /. 1. good fortune, hap- 
 piness, well-being, bliss, joy. — 2. 
 position, place, condition. — 3. aus- 
 picious opportunity, favorable 
 time. 
 
 s&l. See sel. 
 
 sas-lSc, st. n. sea-spoil. 
 
 sas-lad, st. f. seaway, path, sea- 
 journey. 
 
saelaf — saluneb 
 
 175 
 
 sse-laf, St. f. left or saved from the 
 
 sea; sea-leaving (s). 
 scelan, if. v. to take place, happen 
 auspiciously, occur (to). 
 
 ge-scfelan, 1. to take place, hap- 
 pen luckily, occur to. — 2. to effect, 
 execute successfully. Gu. 318. 
 
 to-saelan, impers. 1. to be un- 
 successful, fail. — 2. to fail, lack, 
 want. 
 
 sselan, w. v. to tie, bind, fetter, fast- 
 en. (Ger. seilen.) 
 a-scfelau, the same as above, 
 ge-scfelan, the same as above, 
 on-scelan, to untie, loosen, re- 
 lease. 
 
 ssele. See sellan (to give). 
 
 seeld. See seld (house). 
 
 see-lida, -leoda, «\ m. seafarer, sailor. 
 
 sae-lictend, part. & subs, the same. 
 
 safeld, st. f. dwelling, house, hall, 
 mansion. 
 
 scfeld, st. f. good fortune, auspicious 
 fate, prosperity. 
 
 ssel-weeg, st. m. house, wall. 
 
 ssel-wong, st. m. fertile and pleasant 
 field. 
 
 see-man, st. to. seaman. 
 
 sae-mede, adj. sea-weary, exhausted 
 from sea-travel. (Ger. miicle.) 
 
 Scfemest. See ssmra. [ship. 
 
 Scfe-mearh, -mear, st. m. seahorse, 
 
 scemra, eompar. adj. weaker, smaller, 
 slighter, meaner, worse; super!. 
 ssemest. 
 
 sefe-naca, w. to. vessel, ship. 
 
 see-naes r st to. sea-promontory, cape, 
 naze. 
 
 ssene, adj. slow, slack, lazy, neg- 
 ligent (segnis). 
 
 saep, st. to. sap, juice. [sea. 
 
 safe-line, st. m. seaman, hero of the 
 
 sse-rof, adj. brave at sea, bold on 
 the sea. 
 
 sse-ryric, st. to. sea-reed. [sea. 
 
 sse-sid, st. m. sea-journey, trip by 
 
 SEe-strSam, st. to. sea-current. 
 
 sset, st. f. ambush, ambuscade. Cf. 
 
 sitting. 
 sseca, ir . m. settler, 
 seetan, seetian, u\ v. to lurk in am- 
 bush, lie in wait for, plot against. 
 ssetere, st. m. lurker in ambush, 
 
 Her in wait, 
 sse-tilcas (Met. 8 : 31) = sccalcas. 
 ssetnian, w. v. to lie in wait for, 
 
 cherish designs against. 
 see-weeg, st. to. sea-wave, 
 ses-wang, st. m. expanse along the 
 
 sea, seashore. 
 sse-warod, st. m. seashore, bank, 
 
 beach, 
 sse-werig, adj. sea-weary, tired of 
 
 or by the sea. 
 sse-weall, st. m. sea-wall. — 1. sea- 
 shore, beach. — 2. walls of divided 
 
 water in the Red Sea. 
 Scfe-wicing, st. m. wicking, sea- 
 robber, pirate. 
 sae-wudu, st to. sea-wood, vessel, 
 
 ship. 
 sae-wylm, st. to. surf, billowing of 
 
 the sea. 
 sse-yd, st /. sea^wave. 
 sag (?) bundle, load, (sack?) 
 sagian, w. v. (defect.), to say. 
 
 ge-sagian, the same as above, 
 sagu, st. f. saw, saying, utterance, 
 
 tradition (Gen. 535), narrative, 
 
 saga, 
 sai, st m. rope, cord. (Ger. seil.) 
 salig, salh, st /. willow, willow-tree 
 
 (salix). 
 salletan, w. v. to sing to the psalter 
 
 (psallcre). 
 salt. See sealt (salt). 
 salor, st re.? hall, room, royal hall. 
 salu, pi. of sael (room). 
 salu, salo, adj. sallow, darkish, dark 
 
 brown. 
 salu-, sealo-briin, adj. sallow-brown, 
 
 dark-brpwn. 
 salu-neb, adj. sallow-beaked, with 
 
 darkish beak. 
 
176 
 
 salupad — sSrwylm 
 
 salu-pad, adj. dark-clad. 
 
 sal-wang. See sael-wang. 
 
 salwed, part, darkened, colored dark, 
 tarred. 
 
 salwig-federe, adj. sallow-feath- 
 ered, dark-feathered. 
 
 salwig-, saluwig-pad, adj. the same. 
 
 same, some, adv. similarly, in like 
 manner; — swa some = just as, 
 equally as. 
 
 sam-heort, adj. of the same heart, 
 one in mind, harmonious. 
 
 samnian, somnian, iv. v. 1. to collect, 
 assemble, summon together. — 2. to 
 collect one's self, assemble, come 
 together, meet. 
 
 ge-samnian, 1. to collect, as- 
 semble, summon together, unite. — 
 
 2. to unite,put together,assoeiate. 
 
 3. to gather, assemble, come to- 
 gether, meet. 
 
 samnunga, adv. suddenly. 
 
 samod, samed, somod, somud, so- 
 med, adv. 1. together, simulta- 
 neously. — 2. prep., io. dat. with, 
 at the same time with. B. 1311 
 & 2942. 
 
 samode, adv. together. (Ger. sammt. ) 
 
 samod-eard, st. m. dwelling-plaee 
 in common. 
 
 samod-faest, adj. established to- 
 gether, fixed together. 
 
 sam-rSd, -r£ed, adj. of the same 
 mind, accordant. 
 
 sam-tenges, adv. instantly, at once. 
 
 sam-wis, adj. semi-wise, not clev- 
 er, dull. 
 
 sam-, som-wist, st. f. living to- 
 gether, community. 
 
 s£m-worht, adj. semi-wrought, 
 half-complete. 
 
 sane. See sang (song). 
 
 sanct, adj. holy, sainted. 
 
 sand, sond, st. m. one sent, mes- 
 senger. Bun. 74. 
 
 sand, sond, st h. 1. sand 2. sandy 
 
 shore, beach, bank. 
 
 sand-beorg, st. m. sand-mountain, 
 sandhill, sand-dune. 
 
 sand-oorn, st. n. grain of sand, sand- 
 kernel. 
 
 sand-grot, st. n. sand-grit, grain of 
 sand. 
 
 sand-hlid (pi. hleodu), st. n. sand 
 slope, sandy declivity. 
 
 sand-hof, st. n. sand house, grave- 
 mound, grave. 
 
 sand-lond, st. «. sandy shore. 
 
 sang, song (sane), st m. song, lay, 
 cry. 
 
 sang-craeft, st m. songcraft, art of 
 song or singing. 
 
 sangere, st m. singer. 
 
 stnian, w. r. in 
 
 S-saman, to become slack, slow, 
 negligent, lazy. 
 
 sar, st n. (sore), pain, dolor. 
 
 sSr, adj. sore, painful. 
 
 sSr-ben, st/. painful wound or sore. 
 
 s^r-cwide, st to. 1. sore speech; 
 insulting, wounding speech. — 2. 
 words of sorrow or pain. Met. 2 : 4. 
 
 sare, adv. sorely, painfully, bitterly. 
 (Scotch sair.) 
 
 sai-ferhd, adj. sore in spirit, sor- 
 rowful. 
 
 slirgian, w. v. to cause pain, injure, 
 wound. 
 
 ge-sarg\an, the same as above. 
 
 sarig, adj. sorry, sad. 
 
 sarig-ferhd, adj. sorrowfukminded. 
 
 sSrig-m6d, adj. the same as above. 
 
 sarlic, adj. painful; sad, bitter. 
 
 sarlice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 sar-slege, st m. painful blow, chas- 
 tisement. 
 
 sSr-spell, st n. piteous story, lament, 
 lamentation. 
 
 sar-stasf, st m. sore story, painful 
 speech, abuse, insult, attack. 
 
 sar-wracu, st /. sore exile, pain- 
 ful exile, misery. 
 
 Sar-wylm, st m. upwelling pain, 
 illness, disease. 
 
Satan — scendan 
 
 177 
 
 Satan, m. Satan. 
 
 saul. See sawel (soul). 
 
 sawan, st. red. v. to sow, strew 
 (seed). 
 J-sawan, to sow, sow with. 
 geond-sawan, to strew, sow, 
 scatter, disseminate. 
 on-sawan, to sow. 
 t6-sawan, to strew, scatter, 
 spread. 
 
 sawel, siwol, sawul, sawl, saul, 
 sawle, st. f. soul. 
 
 sawl-berend, part. & subs, soul- 
 bearing, mortal. 
 
 sawel-cuud, adj. spiritual. 
 
 sawel-dre"or, st. m. soul-gore, life's 
 blood, heart's blood. 
 
 sawel-ge-dal, st. n. soul-separation, 
 death. 
 
 sawel-hord, st. n. soul-hoard, life- 
 treasure. 
 
 sawel-hus, si. n. soul-house, body. 
 
 sawel-leas, adj. soulless, lifeless. 
 
 sawl, sawle, siwol, sawul. See 
 sawel. 
 
 sawon. See se"on (to see). 
 
 scacan. See soeaoan (to shake). 
 
 scadan, sceadan, st red. v. 1. to di- 
 vide, separate (as in water-shed). 
 2. to decide (Cri. 1233).— 3. to be 
 separated from, lose (Buin. 31). 
 (Ger. sclieiden.) 
 
 a-scadan, to divide off, sep- 
 arate, hold asunder, eliminate, 
 cleanse. 
 
 for-scadan, 1. to scatter^ dissi- 
 pate. — 2. to damn, condemn. Gu. 
 449. 
 
 ge-scadan, to separate, decide, 
 arrange. 
 
 to-scadan, 1. to part, separate. 
 2. to distinguish, discriminate. 
 
 scade, w. f. crown (of the head), 
 vertex, apex. (Ger. scheitel.) 
 
 scadu-helm. See soeadu-helm. 
 
 soseoen, scseced. See soeacan (to 
 
 scaed, scead, seed, st. n. shadow, 
 shade. 
 
 scsenan, sceuan, »■. v. in 
 
 ge-scsenan, to break, break in 
 pieces, rub to pieces, graze, wound. 
 
 scsenan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-scaenan, to cause to shine, 
 to render brilliant. 
 
 scaed, scSd, scead, st. f. sheatii, 
 scabbard. 
 
 seal, scale, scalu, scamian, scamu. 
 See sculan, scealc, scolu, sca- 
 mian, scamu. 
 
 scanan, st. red. v. to shine, flash. 
 
 scanca, sconca, w. m. shank, leg. 
 
 scand, sceand, scond, sceond, st. f. 
 shame, disgrace. (Ger. schande.) 
 
 scand-, sceandlic, adj. shameful, 
 disgraceful. 
 
 scada. See sceada (evil-doer). 
 
 seed, seed {pret.). See scaed, sca- 
 dan (to divide). 
 
 sceddan, sceadian, w. v. in 
 
 be-sceddan, to beshadow, over- 
 shadow. 
 
 sceft. See sceaft (shaft). 
 
 scehdun (Cri. 980), for scendun, 
 spared ; or soeldun = scildun, 
 shielded. 
 
 seel, sceld, sceldburg, sceldig, 
 scell. See sculan, scild, scyld, 
 scyldburg, scyldig, sculan. 
 
 scell, soyll, st. f. shell. 
 
 scenan. See scasnan (to make 
 shine). 
 
 scene, st. m. cup-bearer, skinker. 
 (Ger. schenhe.) 
 
 scencan, u: v. to pour out or present 
 wine. 
 
 bi-scencan, to bepour, pour on, 
 overflow. 
 
 scendan, scyndan, w. v. to disgrace, 
 bring to shame. 
 
 ge-scendan, to disgrace, con- 
 found, confuse. 
 
 scendan, scene. See scyndan, 
 seyne. 
 
178 
 
 scenue. — soeapen 
 
 scemie, w. f. thin sheet, plate, or 
 blade of metal; part of a sword- 
 hilt? lamina? (on a, sword-hilt). 
 B. 1694. 
 
 seep. See sceap (sheep). 
 
 sceppan, scyppan, sceappan, st. 
 dbl. v. IV. to shape, do, get done, 
 effect, arrange, destine, fix, estab- 
 lish, conclude. (Ger. scliaffen.) 
 
 a-sceppan, to do, get done, fix, 
 destine, determine. 
 
 for-sceppan, to shape or form 
 over, change, transform. 
 
 ge-sceppan, to shape, form, ar- 
 range. 
 
 sceppend, scippend,scyppend,scy- 
 pend, part. & subs, shaper, crea- 
 tor; — adj. in Hy. 4: 15. 
 
 sceran, sceoran, st. dbl. v. II. to 
 shear, cut, shave, cut through, 
 break in pieces, erase. 
 
 bi-sceran, to cut off, beshear, 
 trim, remove. 
 
 ge-sceran, to cut up, hew to 
 pieces. 
 
 scerian, scirian, scyrian, to. v. to 
 arrange in parts or sections, form 
 in troops, arrange, depute, destine, 
 refer, present. 
 
 S-scyrian, to arrange, destine, 
 determine; to remove, separate, 
 free. 
 
 be-, bi-scerian, to deprive of, rob of, 
 separate from. 
 
 ge-scerian, 1. & shear off, trim, 
 deal out,allot, assign. — 2. to count. 
 
 scerpen. See scyrpan (to adorn). 
 
 scerwan, st dbl. v. III. to squander, 
 waste, dissipate. 
 
 be-soerwan, to rob of, to de- 
 prive of. 
 
 segt, pret. of sceotan (to shoot). 
 
 seed. See soa^d (sheath). 
 
 sceddan, scyddan, w. v. to scathe, 
 injure, harm, oppress, disturb. 
 ge-sceddan, the same as above. 
 
 sceacan, scacan, st. dbl. v. IV. 1. 
 intrans. to shake, move violently, 
 hurry, rush, jump, fly, escape, &c. 
 2. trans, to shake (Exod. 176). 
 
 a-sceacan, 1. to swing, set or 
 be in motion, strike. — 2. to be- 
 come shattered, shaken, tottering. 
 on-sceacan, to swing, set or be 
 in motion. 
 
 scead, sceadan, sceadian. See 
 scsed, scadan, sceddan. 
 
 sceaden-msel, adj. inlaid with ara- 
 besque, or ornamental work? dead- 
 ly weapon? B. 1939. 
 
 sceadu, st. f. shadow. 
 
 sceadu-genga, w. m. shadow-goer, 
 twilight-stalker. 
 
 sceadu-helm, st. m. veil of shadow, 
 veil of darkness. 
 
 sceaf, st. m. sheaf, bundle. 
 
 sceaft, sceft, st. m. shaft (of arrow 
 or spear), spear, bolt; grain-straw. 
 
 sceal, n. (?) troop, band? Sat. 268. 
 
 sceal, sceall, scealt. See sculan. 
 
 scealc, st. m. slave, servant, lad, 
 warrior, man. 
 
 sceam, st. in. gray or gray-white 
 horse. (Ger. schimmel.) 
 
 sceamian, scamian, scomian, sceo- 
 mian, w. v. to shame. — 1. to be 
 ashamed, blush. — 2. impers. =Lat. 
 
 • pudet, it shames me, &c. 
 
 a-scamian, to shame, make 
 ashamed. 
 
 ge-sceamian, 1. to be ashamed, 
 blush. — 2. impers. w. acc.'= Lat. 
 pudet, it shames me, &c. 
 
 sceanxu, scamu, scomu, sceomu, 
 st. f. 1. shame, disgrace, confu- 
 sion. — 2. shame-parts, pudenda. 
 
 sceamul, st. m. cushion. (Ger. 
 sehemel.) 
 
 sceand, sceandllc. See scand. 
 
 sceap, st. n. shape, vat, vessel, 
 holder. 
 
 sceap, segp, st. n. sheep. 
 
 sceapen.^art. of sceppan (to shape). 
 
scear — scild 
 
 179 
 
 seear(u?),st/. troop? band? B. 3171. 
 
 sceard, part. 1. notched. — 2. w. gen. 
 robbed of, deprived of. 
 
 scearp, adj. 1. sharp, pointed. — 2. 
 sharp, shrewd. 
 
 scearpe, adv. sharply. 
 
 scearplice, adv. sharply, quickly. 
 
 sceaxpnes, st.f. sharpness. 
 
 scearu, st. m. stylus? plectrum? 
 pencil? Wy. 83. 
 
 sceat, st. m. (scat), coin, money. 
 
 sceat, st. m. 1. projecting corner, 
 edge. — 2. part of the earth,locality, 
 neighborhood. — 3. lap (of a gar- 
 ment and of the body). — 4. lap or 
 surface of the earth. — 5. hiding- 
 place (El. 583). (Ger. schoos.) 
 
 soead. See scsed (sheath). 
 
 sceada, scada, iv. m. 1. scather, in- 
 surer, robber, foe, antagonist, evil- 
 doer (especially, the devil). — 2. 
 hero, warrior. 
 
 sceadan, st. abl. v. IV w. dat. to 
 scathe, injure, hurt, oppress, dis- 
 quiet, 
 ge-sceadan, the same as above. 
 
 sceaden, st.f. scathing, injury,harm. 
 
 sceawend-wis, xo. f. scenic song, 
 theatrical song. 
 
 sceawere, st. m. observer, spy. 
 
 sceawian, w. v. 1. (show), intrans. 
 to see, look, gaze. — 2. trans, to see, 
 look at, behold, inspect, contem- 
 plate. — 3. trans, to see, go to see, 
 visit. B. 308. (Ger. scha-uen.) 
 
 be-sceawian, to behold, con- 
 template, inspect, foresee,care for. 
 ge-sceawian, 1. intrans. to see, 
 look around, survey, reflect (Ps. 
 93: 9). — 2. to see, behold, look at 
 or on. — 3. to show, point out. 
 
 geond-sceawian, look through, 
 to review (mentally). 
 
 sceawung, st /. contemplation, be- 
 holding, inspection. 
 
 sce~o? Bid. 4: 41. 
 
 sceoh, adj. shy, timid. 
 
 sceoh-mod, adj. timid, timorous. 
 
 sceoldan, sceolde, sceole (sceo- 
 lon), sceolu, sceomian, sceomu. 
 See scildan, sculan, scdlu, scea- 
 mian, sceamu. 
 
 sceon, w. v. 1. to fall to, devolve 
 upon, occur to. — 2. to turn sud- 
 denly. 
 
 ge-sceon, to occur; happen, de- 
 volve upon; allot, assign. 
 
 sceond, sceone, sceop, sceoppan, 
 sceor.sceoran. See scand,scyne, 
 scop, sceppan, scur, sceran. 
 
 sceorp, st. n. ornament, clothing. 
 
 sceort, adj. short ; eompar. scyrtra. 
 
 scSot, st. m. quick movement or mo- 
 tion. 
 
 sceotan, sclotan, st. abl. v. VI. 1. 
 intrans. to move violently, leap 
 up, shoot forth. — 2. intrans. to 
 shoot, hurl missiles. — 3. trans, to 
 shoot, hurl missiles at. — 4. w. ace. 
 to press upon, urge. — 5. w. ace. to 
 push forward. 
 
 ge-sceotan, w. ace. to shoot to- 
 ward, to move precipitously to- 
 ward. 
 
 of-sceotan, to shoot dead, kill 
 with missiles. 
 
 to-sceotan, to bring up or near 
 violently? Met. 27: 19. 
 
 sceotend, part. & subs, shooter (of 
 javelins, &c), warrior. 
 
 sceucca. See scucca (devil). 
 
 scild, sceld, scyld, st m. 1. shield. 
 2. protection, defense (Ph. 463; 
 Sol. 79). — 3. part of a bird's plu- 
 mage (Ph. 308). 
 
 scildan, scyldan, sceoldan, w. o. to 
 shield, protect, defend. 
 ge-scildan, the same as above. 
 
 scildend, scyldend, part. & subs. 
 shield er, protector. 
 
 scild-, sceld-burg, st /. 1. shield- 
 wall or fortress, roof of shields, 
 defense, testudo. — 2. castle, for- 
 tress. 
 
180 
 
 scild — serif an 
 
 scild-, scyld-freca, w. m. shielded 
 warrior. 
 
 scild-hreada, w. m. shield. 
 scild-hreoda, w. m. same as above. 
 scildig. See scyldig '(guilty). 
 scild-weall, st. m. ■wall of shields. 
 scild-, scyld-wlga, w. m. shielded 
 
 or shield-hearing warrior. 
 soyle. See sculan (shall). 
 scilling, st. m: shilling, silver coin. 
 sciUing-rim, st. n. number or com- 
 putation of shillings. 
 seima, w. m. shimmer, twilight, 
 
 dim light, 
 scima, w. m. light, splendor, bright- 
 ness, twinkling, coruscation, 
 scimian, w. v. to grow dusk}' or dim. 
 scin, adj. shining, brilliant, [torn. 
 scin, st. n. apparition, ghost, phan- 
 scinan, scynan, st. ail. v. V. to 
 shine, flash, grow bright. 
 
 a-scinan, to flash or shine forth, 
 to beam, radiate. 
 
 be-scinan, to beshine, shine 
 upon, light up. 
 
 ge-scinan, the same as above, 
 geond-scinan, to shine through 
 or upon, to illuminate. 
 
 ymb-scinan, to shine around or 
 about. 
 scln-ge-lac, st. n. deceptive play, 
 jugglery, magical practices, delu- 
 sion, mockery. 
 soin-lac, the same as above. 
 scinna, w. m. demon, devil ; injurer, 
 
 seducer, 
 scin-sceada, -scada, w. m. demonic 
 
 foe, devil, 
 scip, scyp, st. n. ship, vessel, boat. 
 scip-fgrend, part. & subs, shipper, 
 
 sailor, 
 scip-flota, w. m. same as above, 
 scip-here, st. m. ship-host or army. 
 scippend. See sceppend (creator). 
 scip-weard, st. m. ship-warden or 
 
 guard, sailor. 
 sclr, adj. sheer, bright, clear, pure. 
 
 sclran, scyran, w. v. to render clear, 
 brighten up, bring to the light, 
 disclose; — iatrans. to speak. Ps. 
 118: 23. 
 scire, adj. brightly, clearly, reso- 
 nantly. 
 
 scir-ham, adj. with bright corselet 
 or breastplate. 
 
 scirian. See scerian (to shear). 
 
 scir-m»led, part, brightly marked. 
 
 scir-wered, part, brightly ornament- 
 ed, decked. Gu. 1262. 
 
 sciene, scierpan, scio, scioidc, scio- 
 nan, scionon, sciotan. See scyne, 
 scyrpan, sceon, sculan, scinan, 
 scanan, sceotan. 
 
 sc6d, pret. of sceadan (to scathe). 
 
 scolde. See sculan (shall). 
 
 scolu, sce61u, scalu, st. f. 1. school 
 (Boeth. 3: 1).— 2. troop, number, 
 shoal, multitude. 
 
 scomian, scomu, sconca, scond. 
 See sceamian, sceamu, scanca, 
 scand. 
 
 scop, sceop, st. m. singer, shaper, 
 poet. 
 
 scotere, st. m. shooter, warrior, 
 hurler of the javelin. 
 
 scotian, w. v. to shoot, hurl the 
 javelin: 
 
 scrSd (?■), ship? vessel? Reim. 13. 
 
 scr^f, scref, st. n. hole, pit, excava- 
 tion, grave, lair. 
 
 scralletan, w. v. to resound loudly 
 or shrilly. 
 
 scrid, screod, st. m. wagon, chariot, 
 vehicle. 
 
 scrid,. adj. advancing, quick. 
 
 scrifan, st. abl. v. V. 1. to hear con- 
 fession, shrive.— -r 2. to impose or 
 exact penance after confession. — 
 
 3. to judge, condemn, impose ju- 
 dicial or penal condemnation. — 
 
 4. to grant, admit, allow, lavish, 
 expend. — S. to impose, command. 
 6. w. gen. or dot. to have regard to, 
 to be troubled about. 
 
scrifen — scyldfracu 
 
 181 
 
 for-scrifaii, 1, to bewitch, east 
 under a spell (by written or incised 
 magical characters). — 2. w. ace. 
 or iiat. to condemn, damn. 
 
 gs-scrifan, to ascribe to, impose 
 upon, prescribe, assign, lend. 
 semen (?). Keim. 13. 
 scriit, st. in. confessor, 
 scriad, st. f. swift course? Ps. 
 
 103: 24. 
 scrldan, st. abl. v. V. to stride, go, 
 roam, move. 
 
 td-scridan, to stride or go asun- 
 der, apart. 
 
 ymb-scridan, to stride, to wan- 
 der about or around, 
 scride, st. m. striding, running, 
 
 course, 
 scrud, st. n. (shroud), clothing, 
 
 eloth, garment, 
 scua, scuwa, k. m. shade? injury, 
 
 harm, malice, 
 soucca, sceucca, w. m. seducer, 
 
 devil, demon. 
 scuoc-, sceucc-gyld, st. n. idol, 
 
 demon-figure, 
 scudan, st. abl. v. VI. to scud, run, 
 
 hurry, flee, 
 scufan, s t. abl. v. VI. 1. trans, to 
 shove, push, push forward. — 2. in- 
 trants, the same (By. 136). — 3. in- 
 trans. to shove one's self, move, go. 
 a-scufan, to shove off or away, 
 to drive out, remove. 
 
 be-scufan, to push, to shove or 
 push in, rush in. 
 
 for -scufan, to push away, reject, 
 remove, scatter. 
 
 dd-scufan, w. reflex, clat. to re- 
 move one's self, take one's self 
 - off. 
 
 to-scufan, to shove asunder or 
 apart, to scatter, 
 sculan, pret.-pres., pres. sg. indie. 
 1, 3. sceal, sceall (Sol. 159), seal 
 (Gen. 663), soel (B. 2804), scell 
 (An. 1483). — 2. scealt, scealtu (= 
 
 bu, An. 220); pi. sculon, sculun 
 (Run. 64), sculan (Men. 68), sceo- 
 lon, sceolun (Sat. 41), sceolan 
 (Jul. 195) ; subj. sg. scyle, scile (B. 
 3177) ; pi. scylen, scylan (Ps. 139: 
 13); scyle (Ps. Th. 4: 5); soeole 
 (By. 59); pret. sceolde, scolde, 
 sciolde (Met. 26: 82), shall (espe- 
 cially in present tense often serv- 
 ing almost as a circumlocution of 
 the future = shall, will), is said to. 
 
 scunian, w. v. in 
 
 on-scunian, to shun, abhor, 
 avoid, scorn. 
 
 scunnian, w. v. to urge on, incite 
 against. 
 
 sciir, sc§or, st. m. 1. shower, storm 
 (of weather or missiles). — 2. quick, 
 sudden movement (Hy. 11: 7). — 
 3. blow? shock? (Jud. 79). 
 
 scura, w. m. shower, sudden rain- 
 shower. 
 
 scur-beorg, st. f. shower-defense, 
 roof. 
 
 scur-boga, w. m. rainbow. 
 
 scur-heard, adj. hard or hardened in 
 the storm of battle or strifej hard- 
 ened by blows. 
 
 scur-sceadu, st. f. protection or de- 
 fense against weather (shower- 
 shade). 
 
 scuwa. See scua (harm). 
 
 scyecan, w. v. (pret. scyhte), to se- 
 duce, mislead, (incite?). 
 
 scyde, pret. of sceon (to befall). 
 
 scyft, 3d sig. pres. of scufan (to 
 shove). 
 
 scyl, adj. resonant, resounding. Cf. 
 schallen. 
 
 scyld, sceld, st. f. debt, obligation, 
 crime, guilt, sin. (Ger. saliuld.) 
 
 scyld, scyldan, scyldend, scyld- 
 freca, -wiga. See scild, scildan, 
 scildend, scild-freca, -wiga. 
 
 scyld-fracu, st. f. (dat. frece), guilty 
 shamelessness, wanton guilt, au- 
 dacity, impudence. 
 
182 
 
 scyldfull — secgan 
 
 scyld-full, adj. full of guilt, guilt- 
 laden, criminal, 
 scyld-hata, w. m. collector, exacter, 
 
 lictor, tribune, executor, 
 scyld-hete, st. m. foe. 
 soyldig, sceldig, scildig, adj. guilty, 
 
 in debt. 
 scyld-wreccende, part, debt or 
 
 guilt avenger. 
 scyld-wyrcende, part, guilt, sin- 
 worker, sinner. 
 scyle. See sculan (shall). 
 soylfe, w.f. shelf, covering of boards. 
 scyll, scynan, scyndan. See scell, 
 
 sclnan, scendan. 
 scyndan, w. v. to hurry, hasten, flee 
 
 away or off, escape, 
 ge-scyndan, the same as above. 
 .scy^ie, sceone, scione, scene, adj. 
 
 sheen, brilliant, light, beautiful, 
 
 well-formed, 
 scyp, scype, scyppan, scyppend, 
 
 scyran. See scip, scipe, sceppan, 
 
 sceppend, sciran. 
 scyrdan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-scyrdan (?). An. 1315. 
 scyrian. See scerian (to shear). 
 scyrpan, scierpan, scerpan, w. v. to 
 
 deck, ornament, clothe (with). 
 ge-scyrpan, the same as above, 
 scyrpan, w. v. to sharpen. 
 
 a-scyrpan, to sharpen, put a 
 
 point to. 
 scyrtan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-scyrtan, to shorten, lessen, 
 
 decrease, render smaller. 
 scyrtra, compar. of sceort (short). 
 scyt, 3d pers. sg. indie, scyte, subj. 
 
 pres. of scSotan (to shoot), 
 scyte, st. m. shot, shooting, hurling 
 
 the javelin, 
 scytel, st. m. arrow, dart, missile. 
 
 Cf. skittle, 
 scyddan. See sceddan (to scathe), 
 se.seo, sio, pron. 1. article & demons. 
 
 the, he, she. — 2. relative: who, 
 
 that (often connected with inde- 
 
 clinable pe : se pe = who, he who ; 
 — se pe his = whose (by attrac- 
 tion: Sat. 283); — se pe him 
 (whom). Wid. 132-33. See pat, 
 for the other cases and the neuter. 
 se (= swa), so ; — sS peah, never- 
 theless, yet, notwithstanding. Cf. 
 swa. 
 secan, secean, sSccan, seoccan, sse- 
 can, w. v. 1. to seek, search for or 
 through, hunt, try. — 2. to hunt up, 
 look for, come or go to (person or 
 place), visit. — 3. to hunt, seek 
 with hostile intent, attack, wage 
 war on. 
 
 S-secan, 1. to seek out, pick out, 
 select. — 2. to search out, examine 
 (into). — 3. to demand,- ask .from. 
 
 foi-secan, to follow up closely, 
 visit, requite, punish. 
 
 ge-secan, 1. to seek. — 2. to hunt 
 up or for, come or go to, attain. — 
 3. to seek with hostile intent, at- 
 tack, surprise.' — 4. intrans. to go, 
 travel. — 5. to demand, determine, 
 resolve, conclude. An. 1134; Ps. 
 104: 9. 
 
 geond-secan, to seek or search 
 through. 
 
 ofer-secan, to o vtrseek ; to van- 
 quish, overcome, conquer ; to over- 
 reach. 
 
 on-secan, to contest something 
 ■with another person, demand from, 
 secg, st. m. sedge, reed, rush. 
 secg, st. f. sword, 
 secg, st. m. (secgan?), man, hero, 
 
 (speaker?), 
 secgan, seccgan.secgean, ssecgean, 
 w. t: to say, speak. 
 
 a-secgan, to speak out, say, de- 
 liver, narrate, announce. 
 
 fore-secgan, to speak out, an- 
 nounce, predict. [rate. 
 
 ge-secgan, to say, address, nar- 
 
 on-secgan, to vow a sacrifice or 
 offering, to offer. 
 
secge — sellan 
 
 183 
 
 secge, to. f. speech? language? Cri. 
 190. 
 • secg-hwset, adj. bold with the sword. 
 
 secg-plega, vs. m. sword-play, fight- 
 ing with swords. 
 
 secg-rof, st. ». activity, fortitude, 
 vigor? Ruin. 27. 
 
 sedian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-sedian, to satisfy, satiate. 
 
 sefa, seofa, siofa, w. m. mind, soul, 
 spirit. 
 
 sefian? Sol. 267. 
 
 seft, seftan. See softe. 
 
 sdfte, adj. soft, gentle, mild, sweet, 
 pleasant. 
 
 seft-eadig, adj. comfortable, luxu- 
 rious. 
 
 segel. See saegl (sun). 
 
 segel, segl, st. m. & u. sail. 
 
 segel-gyrd, part, sail-girt. 
 
 segel-rad, .si./, sail-road, sea, ocean. 
 
 segel-rod, st. f. sail-rod, pole, spar. 
 
 segen, segn, st. m. & n. token, field 
 ensign, banner; — sign or token on 
 shield and helmet. 
 
 segen-berend, part. & subs, sign- 
 bearer, bearer of shield or helm- 
 token, warrior. 
 
 segen-cyning (Exod. 172). See sige- 
 cyning. 
 
 segel, segn. See segel, saegl, segen. 
 
 seglan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-seglan, to equip with a sail. 
 
 segne, w. f. seine, drag-net. 
 
 segnian, senian, w. v. to sign (with 
 the cross), bless. (Ger. segnen.) 
 ge-segnian, the same as above. 
 
 seguing, st. f. blessing, benediction. 
 
 segon. See s§on (to see). 
 
 sel, st. n. hall (saloon), room, house. 
 
 sel, saVl, adv. compar. better ; superl. 
 selost. 
 
 sel, adj. good ; — compar. selra, sella, 
 sylla; — superl. selost. 
 
 seld, sseld, st. n. 1. hall, room, house. 
 2. seat, dwelling. — 3. throne, dais. 
 
 selda, w. m. courtier. 
 
 seldan, seldon, seldum, adv. sel- 
 dom. 
 
 seld-cyme, st. m. infrequent (sel- 
 dom) coming. 
 
 seld-guma, w. m. houseman, room- 
 haunter, stay-at-home. 
 
 seldlic, adj. singular, strange. (Ger. 
 selts&m.) 
 
 seldon, seldum. See seldan. 
 
 sele, st. m. hall (saloon), room, house. 
 
 sele, ace. of ssel? B. 1135. 
 
 sele-dream, st. m. hall-joy, feasting 
 in the hall, revelry. 
 
 sele-ful, st. n. hall beaker or cup. 
 
 sele-gaest, -gyst, st. m. hall-stranger, 
 hall-guest, stranger received in 
 the hall. 
 
 sele-ge-scot, -ge-soeot, st. n. house- 
 floor, storey; timber-work, hut, 
 tent. (G-er. geschoss.) 
 
 sele-rsedend, part. & subs, hall-pos- 
 sessor, administrator, occupier. 
 
 sele-rest, st. f. resting-place in the 
 hall. 
 
 sele-secg, st. m. hallman, courtier, 
 attendant in the hall. [ant. 
 
 sele-pegen, st. m. hall-thane, attend- 
 
 sele-weard, st. m. hall-warden, 
 guardian of the hall. 
 
 self, seolf, siolf, silf, sylf, st.Sc w.pron. 
 self; — w. declension with art.= 
 the same; — paet sylfe, adv. that 
 same (way); just so. 
 
 self-, sylf-eeta, w. m. eater of his 
 like, eater of his fellow-men, can- 
 nibal. 
 
 self-, sylf-cwalu, st. f. self-murder, 
 suicide. 
 
 self-lie, adj. selfish. 
 
 self-sceaft, st. f. immediate creation 
 as opposed to generation or pro- 
 creation. 
 
 self-will, st. n. self-will. 
 
 selian. See sylian (to pollute). 
 
 sellan, sillan, sylian, w. v. (pret. 
 sealde), to give, give up or over, 
 lend, present, spend, expend, (sell). 
 
184 
 
 sellend — sedan 
 
 a-sellan, to expel, drive away 
 or off. 
 
 be-sellan, to surround, cover 
 (over). 
 
 ge-sellan, to give, give over 
 or up. 
 
 ymb-sellan, to surround, en.- 
 velop. 
 sellend, syllead, part. & subs. giver* 
 
 spender, lavisher. 
 sellic, sylllc, adj. strange, odd, 
 
 singular, admirable, 
 sellice, syllice, adv. same as above, 
 seld. See sseld (good fortune), 
 seman, w. v. 1. to smooth over, lay 
 aBide. — 2. to satisfy, pacify; con- 
 tent. 
 
 ge-seman, to satisfy, content, 
 semian, semle. See seomian, simle. 
 semninga,acfo. at once, immediately, 
 
 suddenly. 
 sencan, w. d. to sink, cause to sink. 
 be-, bi-senoan, to cause to sink, 
 send to the bottom. 
 sendan, jo. v. 1, to send. — 2. to set 
 on the table, prepare a meal ? (B. 
 600), feast? banquet? 
 a-sendan, to send forth or off. 
 an-sendan, to send, send away 
 or out. 
 
 for-sendan, to send away, drive 
 off, send to destruction. 
 
 geond-sendan, to send through, 
 send in all directions ? suffuse. 
 
 on-sendan, to send ; send away, 
 or out, or forth ; to transmit. 
 sengan. See sgnian (to sign), 
 senian. See segnian (to sign), 
 senian, w. v. to see, behold. Az. 175. 
 a-sSngan = a-s6nian, to make 
 distinct or plain. Jul. 313. 
 senn. See syn (sin). 
 senst = sendest ; sent = sended. 
 Septembris, September, Men. 167. 
 serce, syrce, w. f. sark, corselet, 
 shirt of mail. 
 
 serwan, serian, syrwan, w. v. to 
 devise cunningly, machinate, plot, 
 think out, accomplish; intrigue, 
 conspire maliciously. 
 
 be-serwan, to devise cunningly, 
 effect, think out, plot; beguile, be- 
 tray, deceive, rob. 
 
 ge-serwan, 1. to devise cun- 
 ningly, machinate, think . or plot 
 out. — 2. to fit out, equip, arm, pre- 
 pare. 
 
 sess, st. to. seat, settle, place for sit- 
 ting. 
 
 sessian, w. v. to sit, be quiet. 
 
 set, :<t. ». seat, place. 
 
 setl, sitl, .st. n. settle, seat. 
 
 setlan, w. v. to settle, place, put. 
 
 setl-gang, st. m. settling, sinking. 
 
 setl-rad, st. f. the same as above. 
 
 sSton r pref. pi. of sittan (to sit). 
 
 settan, w. v. to set, place ; — w. reflex, 
 pron. to set or seat one's self. Ps. 
 117: 25. 
 
 a-settan, 1. to set, set down, 
 put down, lay down, set up or in. 
 "2. sid asettan, to accomplish, or 
 get over a journey. 
 
 be-, bi-settan, to beset, occupy, 
 surround. 
 
 for-settau, to set, or place, or 
 bring before. 
 
 ge-settan, 1. to set, place, put, 
 put down or in, destine, mark out. 
 2. to set, arrange, found, get, pro- 
 cure. — 3. to occupy, fill up, pop- 
 ulate, people. — 4. to occupy, pos- 
 sess. — 5. to lay aside, smooth 
 over, appease (B. 2029). — 6. to 
 compose, set side by side (Met* 
 6: 7). — 7. intrans. to seat, or set 
 one's self. Gen. 1469. 
 
 ymb-settan, to set around or 
 about, surround, inclose. 
 
 settend, part.Ss subs, setter, founder, 
 creator. 
 
 s§dan, «\ v. in 
 
seddan — seoc 
 
 185 
 
 ge-sedan, to verify, confirm, tes- 
 tify, prove. Cf. sooth. 
 
 seddan, syddan, to. o. to punish, 
 avenge. 
 
 sewian, w. v. to teach,, instruct, 
 show. 
 
 sewen (part), sewenian (?). See 
 seon (to see), seniaii. 
 
 sealcan, in 
 
 a-sealcan, to render slack, neg- 
 ligent, lazy, (sulky?). Gen. 2167. 
 
 seald {part.), sealde (pret.) of sel- 
 lan (to give, &c.) 
 
 sealm, st. m. psalm. 
 
 sealma, w. m. sleeping-place or room. 
 
 sealm-faet, st. n. psalm-vessel or 
 vase (?). 
 
 sealo. See salu (dark). 
 
 sealt, st. •«. salt, salt sea or flood. 
 
 sealt, salt, adj. salt, salty. 
 
 sealt-stan, st. m. salt-stone, pillar 
 of salt. 
 
 sealt-yd, st. f. salt wave, sea-wave. 
 
 searian, w. v. to become sere, to 
 wither. 
 
 searo, seara, st. n. 1. trappings, 
 armor, weapons, war-gear. — 2. 
 hostile cunning, machination, plot, 
 controversy, deceit. — 3. cunning, 
 skill, art, care, circumspection. — 
 4. work of art (Bid. 33: 3). 
 
 searo-bend, st. f. artistic band or 
 bond. 
 
 searo-bunden, part, artistically 
 bound. 
 
 searo-ca=g, st. f; artistic (compli- 
 cated?) key. 
 
 searo-ceap, st. m. artistic ware or 
 object. 
 
 searo-, siaro-crasft, st. m. artistic 
 skill, art. — 2. cunning skill, guile, 
 dissimulation, plotting, machina- 
 tion. 
 
 searo-craeftig, adj. skilled in art. 
 
 searo-cyne, adj. very bold, valiant 
 in arms. Cf . keen. 
 
 sear o-f ah, adj. cunningly inlaid, va- 
 riegated. 
 
 searo-fearo, st. u. hostile intrigue, 
 plot, conspiracy? Rim. 65. 
 
 searo-ge-prasc, st. n. multitude of 
 objects of art. 
 
 searo-gim, st. m. cunningly set gem. 
 
 searo-grim, adj. cunning and fierce, 
 bold in battle. 
 
 searo-hasbbend, part, armed; weap- 
 oned, in arms. 
 
 searo-lic, adj. artistic, wonderful, 
 admirable. 
 
 searo-lice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 searo-net, st. n. 1. armor-net, shirt 
 of mail, corselet. — 2. fetter for 
 the feet, fetter. 
 
 searo-nid, st m. cunning hostility, 
 malicious cunning, plotting. — 2. 
 hostility, enmity, feud, battle. 
 
 searo-pil, st n. artistically wrought 
 javelin or dart. 
 
 searo-run, st. f. secret, mystery, 
 (rune). 
 
 searo-sseled,^)a?-t carefully or artist- 
 ically tied, bound. 
 
 searo-panc, -pono.sf. m, shrewdness, 
 wisdom, sagacity, thought, inge- 
 nuity: — (in good and bad sense). 
 
 searo-pancol, rponool, adj. cunning- 
 minded, sharp-sighted, shrewd, sly. 
 
 searo-wundor, st. n. wondrous ob- 
 ject, rare wonder. 
 
 searwian (?). Kim. 37. 
 
 sead, st. m. spring, cistern, pit, 
 abyss, lake, pond. 
 
 seaw, st. n. sap, juice. 
 
 seax, st. n. short sword, hip-knife, 
 knife, dagger; coulter. 
 
 seax-, siex-ben, st. f. wound with a 
 seax. 
 
 seo. See se, si. 
 
 seo, st. f. pupil (of the eye). 
 
 seoc, adj. 1. sick, ill, frail, diseased, 
 weak, relaxed, dying. — 2. sad, 
 troubled. 
 
182 
 
 sgocan — sibcwide 
 
 seocan. See secan (to seek). 
 
 seocen, adj. sick, ill. 
 
 seofa. See sefa (soul, &e.). 
 
 seofiaii, siofian, w. v. 1. intrans. to 
 sigh.— 3. w. ace. to sigh over, utter 
 with sighs. 
 
 aeofon, seofone, syfone, num.seven. 
 
 seofon-feald, adj. sevenfold. 
 
 seofon-tig. See hund-seofontig. 
 
 seofon-tyne, num. seventeen. 
 
 seofon-, syfan-wintre, adj. seven 
 'winters (or years) old. 
 
 seofoda, num. adj. seventh. 
 
 seofung, siofung, st. f. sighing, lam- 
 entation, lament. 
 
 seohon. See sSon (to see). 
 
 seolf. See self. 
 
 seolfer, silofer, sylfor, st. n. silver. 
 
 seolfren,seolofren,silfren, sylofren, 
 adj. of silver, silvern. 
 
 seolh, st. m. seal, seadog. 
 
 seolh-bsed, st. n. seal's bath, sea, 
 oeean. , 
 
 seolh-wadu, st. f. seal's path, sea, 
 oeean. 
 
 seoloc, sioloc, st. n. silk. 
 
 seolofren. See seolfren (of silver). 
 
 sSolod, siolod, st. m. bight, bay, sea. 
 
 seomian, siomian, semian, w. v. to 
 linger, tarry, abide. 
 
 seem, slon, st. abl. v. III. (pret. 
 sawon, ssegon, sSgon). — 1. in- 
 trans, to see, look, behold. — 2. 
 trans, to see, look at, inspect, be- 
 hold, gaze upon, find, visit. 
 
 be-, bi-sSon, intrans. to see, 
 look, gaze, look forth. — 2. trans. 
 to behold,inspeet,visit,experienee. 
 for-seon, to despise, scorn, ab- 
 hor, depreciate. 
 
 fore-seon, to foresee. 
 ge-seou, .to see, look, behold, 
 look at, inspect, look into, recog- 
 nize. 
 
 geond-seon, to look through or 
 over, to inspect. 
 
 of-seon, to see, look at or on, 
 behold. 
 
 ofer-seon, to oversee, observe, 
 see, behold. 
 
 on-seon, to look on, glance at, 
 gaze upon. 
 
 burh-seon, to look through, ex- 
 amine. 
 
 ymb-seon, to see or look around, 
 about, gaze about. 
 
 seon, st. abl. v. V. in 
 
 bi-seon, to strain, filter, pour 
 over. 
 
 seon, sien, syn, st. f. seeing, sight, 
 vision, eye. 
 
 seon, seondan. See si, sind. 
 
 seonod, sionod, sinod, st. m. synod, 
 meeting. 
 
 seonod-dom, st. m. synodal resolu- 
 tion, enactment. 
 
 seonu, sionu, sinu, synu, si. f. 
 sinew. 
 
 seonu-ben, st.f. sinew- wound, wound 
 hurting the sinews. 
 
 seonu-dolg, st. n. same as above. 
 
 seoslig, adj. tortured with pain. 
 
 seodan, st. abl. v. VI. to seethe, 
 boil. 
 
 a-sgodan, the same as above. 
 
 seoddan. See siddan (since). 
 
 seowian, siowian, w. v. to sew, sew 
 together, unite, weave together. 
 
 si, sy, sig, sie, seo, sio ; pi. sien, sle, 
 syn, sin, seon, = subj. forms of 
 verb to be. 
 
 sib, syb, st.f. 1. peace.— 2. friend- 
 ship, friendly union, bond of rela- 
 tionship. — 3. love,affection, friend- 
 liness. 
 
 sib, syb, adj. united by friendship. 
 
 sib-aedeling, st. m. related atheling, 
 noble kinsman. 
 
 sibbian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-sibbian, to appease, satisfy, 
 delight, please. 
 
 sib-, syb-cwide, st. m. word of peace, 
 pacific speech. 
 
sibgebyrd — sigesped 
 
 187 
 
 sib-ge-byrd, st.f. relationship,blood- 
 relationship, consanguinity. 
 
 sib-ge-dryht, ge-driht, st. f. peace- 
 ful troop, pacific band. 
 
 sib-ge-magas, st. m. pi. blood-rela- 
 tions. 
 
 sib-lufe, (sibb-), w. f. friendship, 
 benevolence, love. 
 
 sib-sprsec, st. /. peaceful and pleas- 
 ant speech, talk. 
 
 sibsum, adj. peaceful, pacific. 
 
 siccetung, sicetung, st. /. sigh, 
 groan, lamentation. 
 
 sld, syd, adj. wide, broad, ample, 
 roomy, spacious. 
 
 side, adv. widely, far and wide, far. 
 
 side, w. /. side. 
 
 sid-fsedme, adj. wide-bosomed, com- 
 modious, spacious. 
 
 sid-fsedmed, part, same as above. 
 
 sid-folc, st. a. widespread folk, na- 
 tion. 
 
 sidian, w. v. to extend, spread, lie 
 open. 
 
 sid-land, st. n. wide-extended land, 
 spacious land. 
 
 sid-rand,.s t. m. broad-rimmed shield . 
 
 sido, siodo, st. m. custom, habit. 
 (Ger. sitte.) 
 
 sld-weg, st. m. wide .or broad way, 
 road. 
 
 sig. See si. 
 
 sigan, st. ail. v. V. 1. to sink, sink 
 down, cause to sink, go down, 
 fall, incline, bow, lay down. — 2. 
 (general), to move, advance, go. 
 
 a-sigan, to sink, sink down, 
 cause to sink. 
 
 ge-sigan, 1. to sink, fall. — 2. to 
 cause to fall? Gn. Ex. 118. 
 
 sige, st. m. victory, success. (Ger. 
 sieg.) 
 
 sige-beacen, st. n. beacon or token 
 of victory; cross of Christ. 
 
 sige-beam, st. m. tree of victory, 
 triumph ; cross of Christ. 
 
 Eige-bearn, st. n. (bairn), victorious 
 son (Christ). 
 
 sige-beorn, at. m. victorious man. 
 
 sige-brodor, ,vf. m. victorious broth- 
 er. 
 
 sige-byme, w.f. trump of triumph^ , 
 victory. 
 
 sige-cempa, w. in. victorious cham- 
 pion, warrior. 
 
 sige-cwgn, st.f. victorious queen. 
 
 sige-cyning, st. m. victorious king. 
 
 sige-dema, w. m. judge or lender of 
 victory. 
 
 sige-dryhten, -drihten, st. m. lord 
 of victory, victorious lord. 
 
 sige-eadig, adj. victorious, trium- 
 phant. 
 
 sige-faest, -fest, adj. victorious, tri- 
 umphant. 
 
 sige-folc, st. n. victor-folk. 
 
 sige-hremig, adj. boastful of victory. 
 
 sige-hred-secg, st. m. hero of tri- 
 umphant glory or repute. 
 
 sige-hrSdig, adj. famed for victory, 
 rejoicing in victory. 
 
 sige-hwil, st. f. time of victory. Cf. 
 while. 
 
 sigel, st. m. 1. sun. — 2. name of 
 Rune »• 
 
 sigel-beorht, adj. sun-bright, bril- 
 liant. 
 
 sige-lean, st. n. reward of victory. 
 
 sige-leas, adj. without victory. 
 
 sige-leod, st. n. lay of victory, poem. 
 
 Sigel-hearwa, w. m. Ethiopian. 
 
 sigel-torht, adj. sun-bright, radiant. 
 
 Sigel-waras, st. m. pi. Ethiopians 
 (sun-men). 
 
 sige-m6ce, st. m. victorious sword. 
 
 sige-rlce, adj. victorious, triumphant. 
 
 sige-r6f, adj. famous for victory, able 
 to win victory. 
 
 sige-sceorp, st. ». ornament of vic- 
 tory. 
 
 sige-sped, st. f. victory, good for- 
 tune in the field. 
 
188 
 
 sigetacen —i- sindream 
 
 sige-tacen, st. n. token or evidence 
 of victory. 
 
 sige-tiber, st. n. offering of or for 
 victory. 
 
 sige-torht, adj. brilliant in victory. 
 
 sige-tudor, st. n. victorious descend- 
 ants, posterity. 
 
 sige-peod, st. f. victorious people or 
 nation. 
 
 sige-brgat, st. m. victorious troop or 
 . band. 
 
 sige-buf, st. m. flag of victory, 
 
 sige-wsepen, st. n. victorious weap- 
 on,, sword,. 
 
 sige-wang, -wong, st. m. field of 
 victory. 
 
 sigle, st. n. sun-shaped, flashing or- 
 nament, jewel, necklace, .— . .. 
 
 sigor, sygor, st. m. victory, triumph. 
 
 sigor-beacen, st. n. beacon or token 
 of triumph, victory. . ." 
 
 sigor-beorht, adj. brilliant in vic- 
 tory. 
 
 sigor-cynn, st. n. victorious kin or 
 race. 
 
 sigor-gadig, adj. triumphant, victo- 
 rious. 
 
 sigor-faest, adj. the same as above. 
 
 sigor-lean, st. n. recompense or re- 
 ward of victory, 
 
 sigor-sp§d, st. f. victory, good for- 
 tune in the field. 
 
 sigor-tacen, st. n. token or evidence 
 of victory. 
 
 sigor-tiber. st.. n. offering of or for 
 victory. 
 
 sigor-weorc, st. n. work or deed of 
 victory. 
 
 sigor-wuldor, St. n.. glory of victory. 
 
 sigu, st. f. sinking, descending, de- 
 cadence. Met. 13: 56. 
 
 slhan, silista, sihd, silf, silfren, sil- 
 lan, silofer, silofren. See seon, 
 sixta, self, seon, seolfren, sellan, 
 seolfor, seolfren. 
 
 sima, w. m. fetter, knot, loop, snare. 
 
 simle, semle, syinle, adv. contin- 
 uously, continually, ever, always. 
 
 simles, symles, adv. ever, always. 
 
 sin. See si (be). 
 
 sin, possess, pron . his, their (Ger. 
 sein) ; — used in the pi. ? Dan. 393. 
 
 sin-byrnende, part, ever-burning. ~ 
 
 sine, sync, st. n. treasure, riches, 
 valuables, jewels, property. 
 
 sin-cald, adj. very cold, icy cold. 
 
 sin-caldu, st. f. extreme cold, rigor, 
 
 eincan, sU abl. v. I. to sink. 
 
 be-sincan, to submerge; im- 
 merse, dip, plunge. 
 ge-sincan, to sink, fall. 
 
 sinc-fset, -sync, st. n. costly vessel, 
 jewel-casket, jewel. 
 
 sinc-fSg, adj. sparkling with jewels 
 or with costly ornaments. 
 
 sinc-ge-streon, st. n. treasure, jewel. 
 
 sinc-ge-w^sge, n. allotment or dis- 
 tribution of treasure. 
 
 sinc-gifa, -giefa, -gyfa, w. in. treas- 
 ure-giver, king. 
 
 sinc-gifa, st. f. gift of treasure. 
 
 sinc-gim, st. m. valuable gem, jewel. 
 
 sinc-hroden, part, jewel-laden, orna j 
 mented. 
 
 sinc-maddum, st. m. jewel, treasure. 
 
 sinc-stan, st. m. precious stone. 
 
 sinc-pegu, st. f. reception or accept- 
 ance of jewels or treasure. 
 
 sinc-weoi-dung, st. f. presentation 
 or gift of jewels or treasure. 
 
 sind = sid, st. m. -time? (as a multi- 
 plicative suffix: one time, &c. 
 Jul. 354.) 
 
 sind, sint, synd, synt, sindon, syn- 
 dan, seondon, siendon, 4ndic. 
 pres. pi. of verb to be. Cf. si. 
 
 sinder, st. m.f n.t slag, iron-dross, 
 scoria. (Ger. sinter.) 
 
 sin-, syn-dolg, si. n. rmge wound, 
 gash. 
 
 sin-dream, st. m. everlasting joy, re- 
 joicing.. 
 
sinfrea — sidfaet 
 
 189 
 
 sin-frea, w. m. wedded lord,husband. 
 
 singal, adj. continuous, continuing, 
 ever-during, constant. 
 
 singala, -e, -es, adv. constantly, ever, 
 always. 
 
 singal-lice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 singan, st. abl. v. I. to sing, resound, 
 trill; sing of, celebrate in song. 
 Ps. 58: 16; 100: 1. 
 
 a-singan, to sing, sing out or to 
 the end. 
 
 be-singan, to besing, sing of, 
 celebrate in song. 
 ge-singan, to sing. 
 
 singian. See syngian (to sin). 
 
 sin-grim, adj. exceeding fierce, cruel, 
 grim. 
 
 sin-here, st. m. immense host, army. 
 
 sin-hiwan, w. m. pi. wedded couple 
 (ever-united members of a family). 
 
 sinnan, st. abl. v. I. (Ger. sinnen), 1. 
 to meditate on, think of, care 
 about.— 2. to make mention of? 
 Gen. 1853. 
 
 sin-, sien-, syn-neaht, -niht, -neht, 
 st. f. eternal night. 
 
 sin-nid:, st. m. perpetual misery, 
 wretchedness, uneasiness. 
 
 sinod. See seonod (synod). 
 
 sin-scipe, st. m. perpetual associa- 
 tion, marriage. 
 
 sin-, syn-sii£ed, st.f. great bite(s), 
 bits, ravenous biting. 
 
 sin-sorh, st. f. perpetual grief, con- 
 stant sorrow. 
 
 sint, sinu, sitlu. See sind, seonu, 
 setl. 
 
 sit, 3d pers. sg. of sittan (to sit). 
 
 sittan, st. abl. v. III. to sit. 
 
 be-sittan, w: ace. 1. to sit by, 
 beside. — 2. to occupy, surround, 
 envelop, beleaguer. 
 
 for-sittan, 1. to. ace. or instr. to 
 spend or lose by sitting, sit away, 
 neglect. — 2. intrans. to grow inact- 
 ive from sitting, neglect ; to vanish, 
 ge-sittan, 1. to sit, sit down, 
 
 seat one's self. — 2. trans, to seat 
 one's self on or in (B. 633). — 3. 
 trans, to possess, inhabit. 
 
 of-sittan, w. aec. to sit upon, 
 rest one's self upon ; surround, be- 
 
 ofer-sittan, to leave off, leave 
 undone, omit, forbear to do. 
 
 on-sittan, w. ace. 1. to seat 
 one's self in (Bo. 26).— 2. to be 
 shocked or frightened at, to fear, 
 to dread. (Ger. entsetzen.) 
 
 ymb-sittan, to sit around or 
 about, surround, besiege ; sit over, 
 reflect upon. 
 
 si3.,3d pers.sg.pres. of seon (to see). 
 
 sld, st. m. 1. going, way, journey, 
 trip, war-expedition, course.— 2. 
 arrival (B. 501). — 3. way, road 
 (Gen.- 733; Exod. 478).— 4. enter- 
 prise, undertaking. — 5. lot, fate, 
 destiny, condition of life, expe- 
 •rienee.^6. object or aim of travel, 
 wooing, enlisting, message (B.353). 
 7. -time (as multiplicative suffix). 
 
 sld, adj. late; superl. sldast, last; 
 set sldestan, at last, finally. 
 
 sid, adv. compar. 1. later, afterward. 
 2. late. 
 
 sld, prep, (sith), since (in sld feSm 
 = since). Cf. siddan. 
 
 sld-boda, w. m. herald announcing 
 a start; departure, or decamping. 
 
 sld-dagas, st. m. pi. later days or 
 times. 
 
 S3.&&,st.f. company, accompaniment, 
 escort. (Gen. 2401.) 
 
 siddan-, siddon, syddan, seoddan, 
 sioddan.— 1. adv. since, hence- 
 forth, hereafter, subsei^aently, con- 
 sequently. — 2. conj. since, after, 
 as soon as. 
 
 sid-fast, st. n. 1. going, way, jour- 
 ney, expedition, trip, course. — 2. 
 aim or object of travel, destina- 
 
 . tion, enlisting. — 3. experience/ 
 fact. Jul. 537. 
 
190 
 
 sldfrom — slupan 
 
 sld-from, adj. forw»Td-striving, on- I 
 
 ward-tending, hastening forward, 
 sid-geomor, adj. travel-weary, sad 
 
 from travel, footsore, 
 sidian, w. v. to make a journey, set 
 
 out ; travel, go, voyage, wander, 
 for -sidian, to go or move to 
 
 one's destruction, or to perdition, 
 sld-nese, st. f. happily accomplished 
 
 journey, 
 sid-weg, st. m. path of travel, route, 
 sid-werod, st. n. traveling troop, 
 
 marching band. 
 six, siex, syx, num. six. 
 cixta, syxta, siesta, sihsta, num. 
 
 adj. sixth, 
 six-tig, syx-tig, num. sixty, 
 six-tyne, num. sixteen, 
 siaro. See searo. 
 sien, sie, sien, sieudon, siex, siexta. 
 
 See sinneaht, seoii, si, sind, six, 
 
 sixta. 
 sio, siodo, siofa, siofian, slofung, 
 
 siolf, sioloc, siolod, siomian, sion, 
 
 sionod, sionti, slow, siowian. See 
 
 se, si, sidu, sefa, siofian, seofung, 
 
 seU,seoloc,seolod,seomian,seon, 
 
 seonod, seonu, siwan, seowian. 
 slsehte, pret. of slecoan (to weaken), 
 sleep, st. m.. sleep, 
 slsepan, slapan, slepan, st. red. v. to 
 
 sleep. 
 
 a-slapan, to be sleepy, slumber, 
 
 dream, 
 slaep-wgrig, adj. -weary of sleep. 
 slaga, w. m. striker, slayer, killer, 
 
 murderer. 
 slagan. See slSan (to slay), 
 slagu, st. f. striking, blow. 
 slapan. See slsepan (to sleep). 
 slctw, adj. slow, lazy, 
 sleccan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-sleccan, to grow or make 
 
 slack; to weaken, lame, disable. 
 
 Cri. 149. 
 siege, st. to. blow, striking. Cf. 
 
 sledge-hammer. 
 
 slege-fssge, adj. about to die from 
 
 blows, death, slaying. 
 slegen (part), sleht, slepan. See 
 
 slean, sleaht, slsepan, slupan. 
 slepan, w. v. to cover, draw a slip 
 
 over, impose, 
 be-slepan, the same as above, 
 sleac, adj. slack, relaxed, lazy. 
 slSan, slagan, st. abl. v. IV. 1. intrans. 
 
 to strike. — 2. trans, to strike, flog. 
 
 3. trans, to slay, kill, 
 be-slean, to rob of, plunder (in 
 
 slaying). 
 
 for-slean, to slay, kill, 
 ge-slean, 1. to slay, kill. — 2. to 
 
 strike, knock, tap (Gen. 383). — 3. 
 
 to win, gain, conquer. — 4. to fight 
 
 a battle (B. 459). — 5. intrans. to 
 
 strike up, leap up (Dan. 249). 
 of-slean, to slay, kill. 
 slldan, st. abl. v. V. to slide, slip, 
 
 fall, fall down. 
 
 a-slidan, the same as above, 
 slide, st. m. slide, sliding, fall, 
 slidor, adj. slippery, 
 sliht. See sleaht (blow), 
 slitan, st obi. v. V. 1. trans, to slit, 
 
 slice, rend, tear in pieces, shiver. 
 
 2. intrans. to be torn in pieces; 
 
 to be broken up. 
 
 be-slitan, to rob of (in rending 
 
 to pieces). 
 
 for-slitan, to tear with the teeth, 
 
 eonsume. 
 slite, st. m. slitting, biting, rending, 
 
 lacerating, 
 slldan, st. abl. v. V. to injure, wound, 
 
 hurt, 
 slide, adj. injuring, injurious, bad, 
 
 fierce, cruel, dangerous, 
 slide, adv. the same as above, 
 sllden, adj. the same as above, 
 slid-heard, -herd, adj. furious, sav- 
 age, crushing. 
 sluma, «\ to. slumber, 
 slupan, slepan, st. abl. v. VI. to slip, 
 slide, fall. 
 
smasc — snytrucraeft 
 
 191 
 
 a-slupan, to slip off, to escape, 
 to-slupan, to slip asunder, go to 
 
 pieces, become relaxed, dissolve, 
 
 open. 
 smaec, st. m. smack, taste, 
 smsel, adj. small, narrow, weak, 
 
 tender, 
 sniaste, adj. pure (of gold), 
 smec, smeoc, st. m. smoke, vapor. 
 smede, adj. smooth, soft, agreeable. 
 smeagan, smean, w. v. to examine, 
 
 search into, explore, reflect upon, 
 
 look at closely, scrutinize, 
 smealice, adj. subtly, accurately, 
 
 penetratingly, 
 smeoc. See smec (smoke). 
 smeocan, st. abl. v. VI. to smoke, 
 
 give off vapor, 
 smeolt. See smolt (serene), 
 smeoru, st. n. (smear), grease. 
 smicere, adj. & adv. smuck, choice, 
 
 tasteful, trim. 
 smilte. See smylte (serene). 
 smitan, st. abl. v. V. to smite, strike, 
 
 soil, pollute, debauch, dishonor. 
 be-, bi-smltan, to soil, debauch, 
 
 fleck, dishonor, 
 smid, st. m. smith, armorer, 
 smid-crseftega, w. m. artist-smith, 
 
 armorer. 
 smidian (cf. smite?), w. v. in 
 
 be-smidian, to besmith, to sur- 
 round or cover with smithwork. 
 smidde, w. f. smithy, forge. 
 smolt, smeolt, adj. serene, bright, 
 
 cheerful, gentle, quiet, still. 
 smugan, st. abl. v. VI. in 
 
 purh-smugan, to pierce, bore 
 
 through, eat through, 
 smyhd, Zd pers. sa. of smugan. 
 smylte, smilte, adj. serene, cheerful, 
 
 bright, gentle, quiet, still. 
 smyrian, w. v. to smear, anoint, 
 
 salve, 
 ge-smyrian, the same as above. 
 snadan, st. abl. v. IV. ; — sn6d on 
 
 h6h ? = he drove out, expelled, 
 
 that? or = on-h6hsnode = he hin- 
 dered? B. 1944. 
 
 snsed, st. f. bite, bit,' snip. Cf. 
 schnitt-chen. 
 
 siicedan, st. red. c. in 
 
 be-snaedan, to besnip, circum- 
 cise. 
 
 snsegl, sn^l, st. m. snail. 
 
 snaw, st. m. snow. 
 
 snaw-ceald, st. n. snowy, icy, cold. 
 
 snel, snell, adj. snell, quick, lively, 
 brisk, vigorous, combative. 
 
 snellic, adj. the same as above. 
 
 snellice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 sneteru, sner. See snytru, sneac. 
 
 snear, st. f. (snare), chord, cord, 
 noose, string, harpstring. 
 
 sneome, sniome, adv. quickly, im- 
 mediately, at once. 
 
 sneowan. See snowan (to hasten). 
 
 snican (?), to sneak, creep. Met. 
 31: 6. 
 
 snidan, st. abl. v. V. 1. (Ger. schnei- 
 den), to snip, cut. — 2. to mow, 
 reap, harvest. 
 
 of-snidan, to snip or cut off. 
 
 sniwan, w. impers. v. to snow. 
 
 sniome. See sngome (quickly). 
 
 snotor, snottor, adj. shrewd, wise, 
 clever, sensible. 
 
 snotorlice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 snowan, sneowan, w. v. to hurry, 
 hasten. 
 
 snud, st. m. quickness, swiftness, 
 haste. 
 
 snud, adj. quick, swift, soon at hand. 
 
 snude, adv. the same as above. 
 
 snyrian, snyrgan, w. v. to hasten, 
 hurry, move forward quickly. 
 
 snytre, adj. clever, wise, ingenious. 
 
 snytrian, snyttrian.w.u. to be clever, 
 wise, ingenious. 
 
 snytru, snyttru, snyteru, st. f. 
 shrewdness, sagacity, wisdom, 
 cleverness. 
 
 snytru-crasft, st. m. same as above. 
 
192 
 
 snytruhus — spanan 
 
 snytru-hus, st. n. house of wisdom, 
 tabernacle of testimony, ark of the 
 covenant. 
 
 snydian, w. v. to hasten, hurry. 
 be-snydlan, to rob, deprive of. 
 
 sdcen, st. f. 1. seeking, searching 
 after. — 2. visitation, hostile sur- 
 prise, seeking, attack. — 3. asylum, 
 house of refuge, sanctuary. 
 
 s6fte, adv. (compar. sgft), softly, 
 gently, quietly, lightly. 
 
 sohte, pret.- of secan (to seek). 
 
 sol, st n. mud-puddle? water in gen- 
 eral? bight? bog? B. 302. 
 
 Bol, st. f. sun. 
 
 solere, st. m. upper room, garret, 
 balcony. 
 
 solian, w. o. to soil, become soiled 
 or denied. 
 
 Sol-monad, st ?». February. Men.16. 
 
 som, st. f. peace, reconciliation. 
 (Icel. som.) 
 
 some, somnian, somod. See same, 
 samnian, samod. 
 
 sona, adv. soon, at once, forthwith; 
 sona swa — swci = so soon as. 
 
 sond, song. See sand, sang. 
 
 sorg, sorh, st. f. sorrow, grief, pain. 
 
 sorg-byrden, st.f. burden of sorrow. 
 
 sprg-cearig, sorhg-cearig, adj. sor- 
 rowful, grieved, sad. 
 
 sorg-cearu, st. f. sorrow, anxiety, 
 grief. 
 
 sorgen. See sorg. 
 
 sorg-ful, adj. sorrowful, causing or 
 enduring sorrow. 
 
 sorgian, w. v. to sorrow, grieve, be 
 anxious. 
 
 bi-sorgian, to fear, apprehend, 
 dread, shrink from. [care. 
 
 sorg-leas, adj. without sorrow or 
 
 sorg-leod, st. n. song of sorrow, la- 
 ment, [ed. 
 
 sorglic, adj. sad, distressful, wretch- 
 
 sorg-lufa, st. f. anxious love, love 
 that awakens sorrow or apprehen- 
 sion. 
 
 sorg-stsef, st. m. something that 
 brings sorrow, anxiety. 
 
 sorg-word, st. n. word of sorrow, 
 lament. 
 
 sorg-waslm, -wylm, st. m. welling 
 up of sorrow, grief. 
 
 sorh, sorh-. See sorg (sorrow). 
 
 sotel, st. m. settle, stool, chair, arm- 
 chair. 
 
 s6d, adj. sooth, true, genuine, re- 
 liable, just. 
 
 sod, adv. truly, indeed; but, yet. 
 
 sod, st. n. 1. sooth, truth. — 2. jus- 
 tice, righteousness; rectitude. 
 
 sod-cwide, -cwyde, st. m. true 
 speech, true saying. 
 
 sod-cyning, st m. true king, or king 
 of truth and justice ; God. 
 
 sdde, adv. in sooth, in truth, indeed, 
 really, rightly. 
 
 s6d-faeder, st m. true father, God. 
 
 sdd-faest, adj. 1. firm or established 
 in truth and justice, true, genuine, 
 credible, pious, honest, just. — 2. 
 firm, unchangeable, unchanging, 
 continuing. 
 
 sod-festlic, adj. imperishable, dur- 
 able, unceasing. 
 
 sdd-faestnes, -festnys, st. f. truth, 
 truthfulness, justice, piety. 
 
 sod-gid, -gied, st n. true speech, 
 saying, report. 
 
 sod-llc, adj. true, truthful, real. 
 
 sddlice, adv. 1. truly, truthfully, in- 
 deed, in sooth. — 2. but, yet. Ps. 
 54: 16. 
 
 sod-word, st n. true word, word of 
 justification. 
 
 spadl, st ». spittle, saliva. 
 
 Bpsec. See spr^ec (speech). 
 
 spcetan, w. v. to spit, spew, spit 
 upon or out. 
 
 spanan, st red. v. to draw on, irri- 
 tate, incite, lure, mislead, seduce, 
 persuade. 
 
 bi-spanan, to lead astray, se- 
 duce, persuade. 
 
spange — spreccan 
 
 193 
 
 for-spanan, to mislead, lead 
 astray, seduce, 
 spange, w.f. clasp, buckle, brooch, 
 
 fibula. (Ger. spange.) 
 spannan, st. red. v. (span), to stretch, 
 fasten, make fast, attach. 
 ge-spannan, the same as above. 
 on-spannan,to unspan.unloose, 
 unbind, release, open. 
 
 sparian, w. v. to spare, indulge. 
 
 spatl, st. ». spittle, saliva. 
 
 specan. See sprecan (to speak). 
 
 sped, st. f. 1. speed, haste. — 2. prog- 
 ress, success, fulfillment, luck, 
 good fortune. — 3. scion, descend- 
 ant, lad (Ps. 103: 16).— 4. sub- 
 stance, power, might, ability, mul- 
 titude, abundance. 
 
 spedan, w. r. to speed,hasten,hurry. 
 a-spedan, to come out of a mat- 
 ter successfully. 
 
 ge-spedan, to succeed, speed 
 well. 
 
 sped-dropa, w. m. wholesome and 
 healing drop. 
 
 spedig, adj. lucky, fortunate, rich, 
 powerful. 
 
 spgdlice, adv. hastily, quickly, 
 speedily, successfully. 
 
 spel, spell, st. n. (spell), speech, ut- 
 terance, narrative, legend,account, 
 news, message. 
 ■spel-, spell-boda, w. m. messenger, 
 apostle, prophet, angel. 
 
 spellian, spellan, w. v. 1. to speak, 
 talk,utter. — 2. to announoe,relate, 
 deliver. 
 
 god-spellian, to preach the god- 
 spel (good tidings, gospel). 
 
 spellung, st. f. speech, utterance, 
 narrative. 
 
 spere, st. n. spear, javelin, lance. 
 
 spere-brdga, w. m. spear-terror, ter- 
 rible javelin. 
 
 spere-nld, st. m. spear-battle. 
 
 spearca, w. m. spark. 
 
 spearcian, w. v. to throw out sparks, 
 to sparkle. 
 
 spearuwa, spearwa, to. m. sparrow. 
 
 speornan, spornan, st. abl. v. I. to 
 spur on, urge on, push against, 
 spurn, tread, step. 
 ge-speornan, same as above. 
 
 speowian. See spiwian (to spew). 
 
 spild, st. to. destruction, anuiiiilii- 
 tion, waste, ruin. 
 
 spildan, w. v. to ruin, destroy. 
 
 for-spildan, 1. to destroy, ruin. 
 2. to accomplish fully. Wy. 59. 
 
 spild-sid, st. m. destructive journey, 
 expedition with intent to destroy 
 foes. 
 
 spillan, w. v. to destroy, ruin, kill. 
 
 spiwan, st. abl. v. V. to spew, spit 
 out, vomit. 
 
 spiwian, speowian, spiowian, w. v. 
 to spew, spit. 
 
 splot (?), blot, spot (splotch?) 
 
 spor, st. n. trace, footstep. (Ger. 
 spur.) 
 
 spora, w. to. spur. 
 
 spornan. See speornan (to spurn). 
 
 spowan, st. red. v. to succeed, enjoy 
 success, speed well, thrive. 
 ge-sp6wan, the same as above. 
 
 spdwendllce, adv. happily, fortu- 
 nately, quickly, speedily. 
 
 sprascan. See sprecan (to speak). 
 
 spreec, speec, st. f. speech, word, 
 talk, eloquence. — 2. narrative, fa- 
 ble, material (Met. 26: 2).— 3. con- 
 versation, dialogue. — 4. court, ju- 
 dicial negotiation or investigation, 
 judgment, decision. 
 
 spree, st. n. speech, word. Gu. 225. 
 
 spreca, w. to. speaker. 
 
 sprecan, sprsecan, specan, st. abl. v. 
 II. to speak. 
 
 a-sprecan, to speak out, speak. 
 ge-sprecan, to speak. 
 
 spreccan, w. v. in 
 
 on-spreccan, to become bushy, 
 bud, burgeon, put out shoots. 
 
194 
 
 sprengan — standan 
 
 sprengan, vs. v. to cause to spring, 
 burst, break open; to sprinkle. 
 
 geond-sprengan, to besprinkle, 
 to dash with, water. 
 spreaht, pari, of spreccan (to bud). 
 spreatan, st. red. ».' in 
 
 geond-spreatan, to sprout 
 through, pervade. 
 spreocan. See sprecan (to speak), 
 spreotan, st. abl. v. VI. ef. sprytan 
 to sprout. 
 
 a-spreotan, to sprout out or up, 
 come up or out. 
 spricest, spricecl. See sprecan (to 
 
 speak), 
 springan, st. abl. v. I. to spring, 
 jump. 
 
 a-springan, to spring up or 
 forth; to dwindle, diminish, fail. 
 
 aet-springan, w. dat. to spring 
 forth, out, or up. 
 
 ge-springan, 1. to spring forth 
 or up ; to originate, arise, grow up. 
 2. to befall, happen to, attack (Gn. 
 Ex. 65). 
 
 on-springan, 1. to spring or 
 
 jump in two; to burst.— 2. to 
 
 spring up, arise, originate. 
 
 sprycst. See sprecan (to speak). 
 
 sprytan, w. v. to sprout, come forth, 
 
 germinate. 
 spryttan, to. v. the same as above. 
 spyrcan, w. v. in 
 
 for-spyrcan, to squirt away, 
 spill, shed, exhaust by spilling, dry 
 up,&c. Ps. 101: 3. 
 spyrian, w. v. (to speer, Scotch), to 
 track, trace, seek, examine, search 
 through, reflect upon or about. 
 
 S-spyrian, to track or trace out, 
 to explore, fathom, find out. 
 steede, stede, st.f. steadiness, stead- 
 fastness, firmness, fixity. 
 stsede-, stgde-fasst, adj. steadfast, 
 
 constant, firm, 
 staede-, stgde-heard, adj. firm, hard, 
 consistent. 
 
 stsef.st m. 1. staff, stave. — 2. book- 
 stave, letter. — 3. in compounds, 
 staef usually marks an abstract 
 idea or conception. 
 
 stsefn, stcsfna. See stefn, stefna. 
 
 stsel, st. m. place, spot. (Ger. stelle.) 
 
 stselan, w. v. to place, put down ; to 
 impose, east blame or guilt on; 
 to accuse, avenge on. 
 
 ge-st£slan, the same as above. 
 
 Steele = stesgl, adj. steep. Cri. 679. 
 
 stsel-gcest, -giest, st. m. stealing 
 guest, thievish guest. 
 
 staenan, stenan, w. v. to adorn, dec- 
 orate with stones or gems, 
 a-stsenan, the same as above. 
 
 steenen, adj. of stone. 
 
 staspe, st. m. 1. going, gait, pace, 
 step, tread. — 2. step, stair. 
 
 staeppan, stasrced-. See steppan, 
 sterced-. 
 
 staed, st. n. ()».), beach, shore. 
 
 stasddan, id. v. to support, establish, 
 fix, fortify. 
 
 stsed-faest, adj. steadfast, constant. 
 
 stasd-weall, st. in. shore-wall, sea or 
 water rampart. 
 
 stalde, pret. of stellan (to place). 
 
 stalian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-stalian, to found, establish, 
 fix, confirm. 
 
 stal-gang, -gong, st m. stealthy 
 going, secret journey, course, step. 
 
 stan, st. to. stone, rock. 
 
 stan-beorh, st. m. stony mountain, 
 mountain of rock. 
 
 stan-boga, w. m. arch or cavern of 
 stone or rock, vaulted chamber in 
 the rock. 
 
 stan-burg, st. f. town, castle, or fort- 
 ress of stone or rock. 
 
 stan-clif, st. n. {pi. cleofu), crag, 
 cliff. 
 
 standan, stondan, st. abl. v. IV. 
 (pret. st6d), 1. to stand.— 2. to 
 stand, step forward, appear, come 
 in suddenly, disseminate. 
 
staiifet — stellan 
 
 195 
 
 a-standan, to stand forth or up, 
 to arise, originate, reinstate. 
 
 aet-standan, to stand at or be- 
 side. 
 
 be-staiidan, to stand around, 
 by, or about. 
 
 for-standan, 1. w. ace. to stand 
 before, place one's self before (to 
 ward off something, prevent : per- 
 son or thing against which in the 
 dat. or with wid; or to defend, 
 protect: "from" = dat.). — 2. to 
 understand. (Gen.769; Boeth.5,3). 
 ge-standan, 1. in trans, to stand. 
 2. trans, to attack, come on or in 
 suddenly, press on. — 3. to resist, 
 oppose, stop. Sol. 97. 
 of-standan, to arise, originate, 
 od-standan, to escape, with- 
 draw, get away. 
 
 wid-standan, w. dat. to ■with- 
 stand, resist, oppose. 
 
 ymb-, ymbe-standan, to stand 
 about or around, 
 stan-faet, st. n. stone-vat; vessel, 
 
 trough, or chest of stone. 
 stan-fah, aflj. varied, inlaid, or paved 
 
 with. stone (?). 
 st£n-ge-f6g, st. n. stone structure, 
 
 stone-fitting, 
 stan-gripe, -greope, st. m. handful 
 
 of stones, 
 stan-hlid, -hleod, st. n. rocky slope, 
 
 cliff, rock, 
 stan-hof, st. n. building or structure 
 
 of stone, 
 stan-torr, st. m. tower of stone. 
 stan-wong, st. m. stony field, stone- 
 strewn plain. 
 stapa, w. m. stepper.marcher. [Used 
 
 only in compounds. ] 
 stapan, st. abl. v. TV. to step, stride, 
 go, advance, move. 
 
 set-stapan, to step or stride 
 ap to. 
 
 ge-stapan, to step, go, move, 
 stride. 
 
 stapu, st. f. stepping, striding, going 
 about. 
 
 stapul, st. m. (staple), support, stay, 
 pillar, column. 
 
 starian, 10. v, to stare, fix the eyes 
 on, gaze at. 
 ge-starian,same as above, [lish). 
 
 stadelian. See stadolian (to estab- 
 
 stadol, -ul, st. m. 1. f oundation,basis, 
 ground, pedestal, place. — 2. sky, 
 heaven. Edg. 50. 
 
 stadol-ceht, st. f. stationary pos- 
 sessions (real estate?). 
 
 stadol-faest, adj. fixed, firm, well- 
 established, steadfast. 
 
 stadolian, -elian, «•. v. to found, fix, 
 establish, strengthen. 
 ge-stadolian, the same as above. 
 
 stadol-wang, -wong, st. m. standing 
 place, place, position. 
 
 stede, st. m. stead, place, spot, po- 
 sition, locality. 
 
 stede, stede-. See stasde. 
 
 stede-wang, -wong, st. m. field, 
 space of ground. 
 
 stefn, stasfn, stemn, st. f. voice. 
 (Ger. stimme.) 
 
 stefn, staefn, stemn, st. m. 1. stem, 
 trunk, stock, stick. — 2. stem, prow 
 of ship; ship. — 3. stem, race, tribe 
 (Sol. 51). — 4. -time (in multiplica- 
 tives); nivan stefne=anew, again. 
 
 stefna, stasfna, w. m. stem or prow 
 of a ship. 
 
 stefnan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-stefnan, to support, prop, ar- 
 range, set in order. 
 
 stefn-byrd, st. f. hereditary quality, 
 innate disposition, nature. 
 
 stefne, w.f. voice. (Ger. stimme.) 
 
 stelan, st. abl. v. II. in 
 
 be-, bi-stelan, to besteal, rob, 
 steal from, 
 for-stelan, to steal, steal from. 
 
 stellan, w. v. (pret. stealde), in 
 a-stellan, to place, put, erect, 
 display. (Ger. stellen.) 
 
196 
 
 stgmaii — stihtan 
 
 on-stellan, to put in place; to 
 
 devise, think out. 
 on-stellan, to put in place, effect, 
 
 accomplish, 
 steman, stemn. See styman, stem. 
 stemnettan, to. v. to resist, stem, 
 
 oppose, stand out, lie steadfast. 
 stenan. See stsenan. 
 stenc, st. m. stink, stench, odor; 
 
 perfume, fragrance. 
 stencan, w. v. to press upon, afflict, 
 
 trouble, disturb, weaken. 
 t6-stencan, to drive apart or 
 
 asunder, to scatter, disperse. 
 steng, st m. pole, stake, rod. (Ger. 
 
 stange.) 
 stent, 3d pers. sg. of standan (to 
 
 stand), 
 stepan, w. v. 1. w. ace. (steep), to 
 
 erect, raise (Gen. 1676).— 2. to el- 
 evate, raise up, distinguish, adorn, 
 
 enrich. 
 
 ge-stgpan, 1. to erect, raise. — 
 
 2. to elevatey support, help. 
 on-stepan, to erect, raise up. 
 stepe-gang, st. m. stepping, going? 
 
 Rim. 22. 
 steppan, staeppan, w. v. to step, 
 
 stride, go, move, 
 ge-staeppan, the same as above. 
 ofer-staeppan,to overstep, stride 
 
 over. 
 st$tied-,stserced-ferhd,-fyrhd,<i<??'. 
 
 strong-minded, brave, 
 steal, st. m. place, spot. (Ger. stellc?) 
 stealc, adj. steep, precipitous, ardu- 
 ous, 
 stealdan, st. red. v. to possess, own. 
 steal]ian,M). v. to have room or place, 
 
 to remain standing or in existence, 
 steam, st m. 1. steam, vapor, smoke, 
 
 odor .— 2. steaming fluid, blood. 
 
 O. 62. 
 steap, st m. (stoup), tall cup, 
 
 beaker, flagon, 
 steap, adj. steep, high. 
 
 stearc, adj. strong, vigorous ; stark, 
 stiff, hard, violent. 
 
 stearc-ferd, adj. strong-minded, 
 courageous. 
 
 stearc-heort, adj. strong-hearted, 
 valiant. 
 
 stearn, st m. sea-swallow {sterna). 
 
 steop-cild, st n. stepchild. 
 
 steor, st /. governing, steering, re- 
 straint, check. 
 
 st§ora, w. m. steersman, guide, pilot. 
 
 stSoran, st ail. v. VI. 1. to steer, 
 guide, govern. — 2. to restrain, 
 check. Met. 4 : 49. 
 
 ge-st§oran,- to steer, guide, con- 
 trol, restrain, check. 
 
 steor-leas, adj. steerless, without 
 guidance or control, uncontroll- 
 able. 
 
 steorra, stiorra, w. m. star. 
 
 steort, st m. tail. (Ger. sterte.) 
 
 sticce. See styece (piece). 
 
 stician, w. v. 1. to stick; prick. — 
 2. to stick, inhere. 
 
 sticol, adj. sticking, pricking. 
 
 stig, st m. (sty), path (up), way, 
 ascent. 
 
 stig, st /. path, way. (Ger. steig.) 
 
 stlgan, st abl. v. V. 1. to step, rise,' 
 mount, go, move (in general). 
 2. to mount, climb, ascend. — 3. to 
 descend (Dan. 510). — 4. to scale, 
 mount upon, ascend. 
 
 S-stlgan, 1. intrans. to ascend, 
 mount up, scale, rise. — 2. intrans. 
 to descend, come down.^3. w. ace. 
 to ascend, ascend to, mount. 
 
 ge-stigan, to ascend, rise, mount 
 up, scale; to descend. 
 
 ofer-stigan, to overstep, over- 
 stride, excel, surpass. 
 stlge, st m. ascent, mounting. 
 stig-, sti-wita, w.m-. steward, over- 
 seer of household matters. 
 stihtan, w. v. to destine, determine, 
 dispose, govern, incite, instigate. 
 
stibtend — stredan 
 
 197 
 
 stihtend, part. & subs, instigator, in- 
 citer, guide. 
 
 stihtung, st. f. arrangement, direc- 
 tion, preparation, caution, fore- 
 sight, discipline. 
 
 stillan, w. r. 1. to be still, rest. — 2. 
 w. dat. or ace. to still, quiet, 
 ge-stillan, the same as above. 
 
 stille, adj. still, quiet, silent, stilly. 
 
 stille, adv. the same as above. 
 
 stincan, st. abl. v. I. 1. to stink, 
 smell, reek. — 2. to whirl up (Rid. 
 
 : 30: 12); to move about or around? 
 
 , inhale? snuff along? B. 2288. 
 ge-stincan, to smell something. 
 
 stingan, st. abl. v. I. to sting. 
 
 stirian, stirgan. See styrian. 
 
 stid, adj. firm, fixed, strong; hard, 
 stiff, severe, cruel. 
 
 stide, adv. 1. firinly,.steadfastly. — 2. 
 harshly, bitterly. 
 
 stid-ecg, adj. stiff-edged, strong- 
 bladed. 
 
 stid-ferhd, -frihd, adj. stout-hearted, 
 • strong-minded, of valiant spirit. 
 
 stid-hugende, adj. same as above. 
 
 stid-hyegende, the same as above. 
 
 stid-hydig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 stid-hygd, adj. the same as above. 
 
 stldlic, adj. firm, strong, stout. 
 
 stidlice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 stid-mod, adj. strong, firm, stout, 
 severe (of mind). 
 
 stid-weg, st. m. rough 'way. 
 
 sti-wita, stiell. See stigwita, styll. 
 
 SO.ep, st. m. downfall? fall? Gen. 60. 
 
 stieran, stiorra. See styran, ste- 
 orra. 
 
 st3d- (?), column, support, post? 
 (B. 2545 ; — rather st5d an = ston- 
 dan. 
 
 stod, stodon, pret. of standan (to 
 stand). 
 
 stofn (?), trunk, stem, pillar. (E. 
 stovin = stump ?) 
 
 stol, st. m. stool, seat, chair, throne. 
 
 stondan, stowum. See standan, 
 st6w (place). 
 
 storm, st. m. 1. storm, tempest. — 
 2. noise, uproar, tumult. — 3. noisy 
 onrush or attack. Hy. 4: 58. 
 
 stow, st.f. stow, place, spot, locality. 
 
 str£dan(?), to tread upon, stride 
 over. B. 3073. 
 
 streel, strel, streal, st. m. & /.; 
 strsele, w.f. arrow. (Ger. strahl.) 
 
 street, st.f. street. 
 
 Strang, strong, adj. 1. strong, vio- 
 lent, hard, vigorous, valiant. — 2. 
 xo. instr. firmly inhering. Sat. 427. 
 
 strange, adv. violently, furiously. 
 
 strangian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-strangian, to strengthen, in- 
 vigorate. 
 
 Strang-, strong-lie, adj. firm, strong, 
 unchangeable ; — hideous, cruel, 
 dreadful. 
 
 Strang-, strong-lice, adv. strongly, 
 bravely, vigorously, actively. 
 
 streccan, w. v. in- 
 
 a-streccan, to stretch out, ex- 
 tend; to prostrate, fell. 
 
 stredan, st. abl. v. I. 1. to scatter, 
 sprinkle. — 2. to fall down, fall. 
 to-stredan, to scatter, dissipate. 
 
 stregan, w. v. to strew, spread down, 
 bestrew. [ter. 
 
 stregdan, st. abl. v. I. to strew, soat- 
 
 strel, strencd. See strsel, strengd. 
 
 streng, st. m. string, cord, rope, 
 sinew. 
 
 strenge, adj. strong, brave; harsh, 
 violent, strict, cruel. 
 
 strengel, st. m. ruler, lord, (strength- 
 ened) 
 
 strengllc, adj. strong, firm. 
 
 strengd, strengdu, st.f. strength, 
 power, vigor, ability. 
 
 strengu, st. f. power, strength, abil- 
 ity, valor. 
 
 stredan, strydan, w. v. in 
 
 be-stredan, to bring to, draw 
 over, cover, conceal. 
 
198 
 
 streao — styrian 
 
 streac, adj. strong, stiff, hard. 
 
 (stark?) 
 streaht, (part.), streal. See strec- 
 
 can (to stretch), and str^l. 
 stream, st. m. stream, current, flow 
 
 of the sea, river, ocean, — espe- 
 cially in the plural, 
 stream-faru, st. f. motion or flowing 
 
 of water(s), current. 
 stream-ge-win,st)i. battling of orup- 
 
 roar on the water; stream-struggle. 
 strSam-racu, st. f. stream-course, 
 
 stream, 
 stream-rad, st. f. road or path of 
 
 the stream or sea. 
 stream-staed, st. n. (stream-stead), 
 
 shore, beach, 
 stream-welm, st. m. billowing of the 
 
 sea or water, fluctuation of tides. 
 stream-weall, st. m. stream-wall, 
 
 shore, beach, 
 streon, st. f. cover. 
 streonan, strienan, strynan, w. v. 
 
 1. to heap on or up, accumulate, 
 amass. — 2. to strain, beget chil- 
 dren. 
 
 a-str6onan, to strain forth, pro- 
 create, create. 
 
 ge-streonan, 1. to amass, gain. 
 
 2. to procreate, create. Gen. 1220. 
 strlcan, st. ail. v. V. to move, go; 
 
 to enter on or begin a course. 
 strid, st. m. strife, conflict. (Ger. 
 
 streit.) 
 strienan, strong. See strSonan, 
 
 Strang. 
 strudan, st. abl. v. VI. to ravage, 
 
 devastate, plunder, rob, carry off. 
 be-strudan, to plunder, rob. 
 ge-strudan, to plunder, rob, 
 
 ravage, waste, 
 strynan, to. v. in 
 
 ge-strynan, to stir up, torture ? 
 
 Seel. 45. 
 strynan, strydan. See streonan, 
 
 stredan. 
 
 stvuid, st. f. (Ger. siunde). — 1. point, 
 particle. — 2. moment, hour, time; 
 instr.pl. stundum, at times, mean- 
 while, sometimes; eagerly. 
 
 sturdan, w. v. 1. to groan, roar, 
 sound, resound. — 2. (stun), to 
 strike violently, impinge. 
 
 styoce, sticce, st. n. bit, piece, frag- 
 ment. (Ger. stuck.) 
 
 stylan, w. v. to harden (like steel). 
 
 style, st. n. steel. 
 
 styl-eog, adj. steel-edged. 
 
 stylen, adj. of steel, hard as steel. 
 
 styll, stiell, st. m. leap, jump, run- 
 ning. 
 
 styllan, w. v. to leap, jump, run. 
 ge-styllan, to leap, jump, de- 
 scend, reach by leaping, overtake 
 by running. 
 
 styman, steman, «-. v. to steam, 
 give forth an odor, smell of (from). 
 be-styraan, to foam over, on, 
 around. 
 
 stynt, 3d pers. sg. of standan (to 
 stand). 
 
 stypel, stepel, st. m. steeple, tower. 
 
 styr, st. f. steering, directing, guid- 
 ing. 
 
 styran, stleran, w. v. 1. to. ace. to 
 steer, guide, direct, govern. — 2. to 
 arrange, dispose, destine, deter- 
 mine (An. 1094). — 3. w. dat. to re- 
 strain, check, hinder. 
 
 ge-styran, to. dat. to steer, 
 guide; to restrain, check. 
 
 styr fan, to. v. in 
 
 a-styrfan, to kill, slay. 
 
 styrian, styrgan, stirian, stirgan, 
 w. v. 1. to stir, move, rouse, excite. 
 2. to be moved, roused, set in mo- 
 tion. — 3. to urge, incite, admonish 
 (Pin. 18). — 4. to move against, at- 
 tack, disturb (B. 2840).— S. to de- 
 liver, narrate, sing of, celebrate 
 (B. 872). — 6. cause to resound 
 (Met, 13: 49). 
 
styrman — sundrian 
 
 199 
 
 a-styrian,to stir up,excite,move 
 forward or forth, remove. 
 
 ge-styrian, to arouse, excite, 
 stir up. 
 
 geond-styriau, to stir through, 
 to stir on all sides. 
 
 on-styrian, to move, rouse, stir 
 up. 
 
 styrman, w. v. to storm, roar, rage, 
 ery out. 
 
 styman, w. v. to be stern, strict, 
 severe. 
 
 styrne, adj. stem, grave, harsh, 
 cruel, savage, furious. 
 
 styrnenga, adv. sternly, severely. 
 
 styrn-mod, adj. stem-miuded, rigid, 
 severe. 
 
 su, sugu, st. f. sow. 
 
 sucan, st. ail. v. VI. to suck. 
 a-sucan, to suck out, drain. 
 
 sugan, st. alii. v. VI. in 
 
 a-sugan, to suck out, drain. 
 
 sugu. See su (sow). 
 
 sunt, st. f. malady, disease, illness. 
 
 suhtor-fasdran, -ge-faedran, w. m. 
 uncle and nephew. 
 
 suhtria, suhtriga, suhterga, w. m. 
 brother's son. 
 
 sulh-ge-weorc, st. n. ploughing or 
 field implement. 
 
 sum, pron. (= aliquis, quidam, unus 
 ex pluribus), one, a certain, any, 
 one of several, many a; — neut. 
 something ; — adv., aec. n. partly; — 
 gen. n. sumes = in a certain de- 
 gree or measure. 
 
 sumor, st. m. summer. 
 
 sumor-hat, st. n. summer heat. 
 
 sumor-lang, -long, adj. lasting 
 through the summer. 
 
 sumsend, part. (Ger. summen), buzz- 
 ing, rustling, humming? Rid.4 : 47. 
 
 sun-bearo, st. m. sunny grove (bar- 
 row). 
 
 sun-beorht, adj. sun-bright, sun- 
 shiny. 
 
 sund, adj. sound, uninjured, whole. 
 
 sund, st. to. 1. swimming. — 2. ca- 
 pacity or ability to swim. — 3. 
 sound, sea-strait, sea, ocean (that 
 which sunders?) 
 
 sund-buend, part. & snbs. sea-dwell- 
 er, man-, human being. 
 
 sund-fllt, st.f. struggle in the water, 
 swimming-match. 
 
 sund-ge-bland, st. ■«. tumult of wat- 
 ers, billowing of the sea. 
 
 sund-helm, st. m. sea-helmet, cover- 
 ing sea. 
 
 sund-hengest, st. m. 1. seahorse, 
 ship.— 2. power that moves the 
 ship. 
 
 sund-hwaet, adj. accomplished in 
 swimming. 
 
 sund-liden, st. f. sea-journey? B. 223. 
 
 sund-nytt, st. f. employment, gift, 
 or utilization of swimming; ability 
 to swim. 
 
 sundor, sundur, adv. especially, 
 apart, separately, aside, asunder. 
 
 sundor-creeft, st. m. special power, 
 capacity, capability. 
 
 sundor-craeftig, adj. specially en- 
 dowed, gifted. 
 
 sundor-ge-oynd, st n. special en- 
 dowment, natural gift, structure, 
 quality. 
 
 sundor-gifu, st. f. special gift, priv- 
 ilege, distinction, quality. 
 
 sundor-nytt, st. f. special service 
 or prerogative. 
 
 sundor-wine, st. m. special friend, 
 bosom friend. 
 
 sundor-wis, adj. specially wise. 
 
 sundor-wundor, st. n. special won- 
 der, peculiar marvel. 
 
 sundor-yrfe, st. n. special heritage. 
 
 sund-plega, w. m. sea-play, swim- 
 ming, boating; bathing, sea-jour- 
 ney. 
 
 sundre, w. f. separateness, sunder- 
 ing, isolation. 
 
 sund-reced, st. n. sea-house, ship. 
 
 sundrian, w. v. in 
 
200 
 
 sundur — swan 
 
 a-sundrian, to separate, isolate, 
 sunder, 
 ge-sundrian, the same as above. 
 
 sundur. See sundor. 
 
 sund-wudu, st. m. sea-wood, ship. 
 
 sunna. See sunnu (sun). 
 
 sunne, w.f. sun. 
 
 sunnu, -a, st. f. the same as above. 
 
 sun-sclene, adj. sunshiny, brilliant. 
 
 sunu, irreg. m. sg. gen. suna; dat. 
 suna, sunu; aec. sunu; pi. nom. 
 ace. suna, suno, sunu; gen. suna, 
 sunena; dat. sunum, — son. 
 
 sun-wlitig, adj. lovely with sun- 
 shine; beautiful and bright. 
 
 supan, st. abl. v. VI. to sop up, ab- 
 sorb, swallow (greedily). 
 
 ge-supan, the same as above. 
 
 susl, st. n. misery, torture, torment, 
 punishment, death-penalty. 
 
 susl-bana, -bona, w. m. devil. 
 
 susl-hof, st. re. house of misery, hell. 
 
 sutol. See sweotol (plain). 
 
 sud, adv. south, southward, in the 
 south. 
 
 suda, w. m. south. 
 
 sudan, adv. from the south. 
 
 sudan-eastan, adv. from the south- 
 east. 
 
 suderne, adj. southern, southerly. 
 
 sud-gast, adv. southeast, in the 
 southeast. 
 
 sud-folc, st. n. south-folk, folk from 
 the south. 
 
 sud-heald, adj. inelining southward, 
 southward. 
 
 sud-man, -mon, st. m. southern man, 
 man from the south. 
 
 sud-portic, st. m. south portico. 
 
 sud-rodor, st. m. southern sky. 
 
 sud-weg, st. m. southway, way or 
 path southward. 
 
 sud-weardes, adv. southwards. 
 
 sud-wind, st. m. south wind. 
 
 swa, I, adv. & eonj. so, as. 1. (refer- 
 ring back), so, consequently, in 
 sueh wise, under such circum- 
 
 stances, therefore. — 2. emphatic- 
 ally: so, thus, indeed, even. — 3.. to. 
 comparatives, the. — 4. swa peah, 
 nevertheless, yet. — 5. relative: as, 
 so far as, how, where. — 6. to. 
 subj. as if, as though. — 7. to. indie. 
 (of time), so soon, as soon, as, 
 when; though, unless, so that not 
 (to. neg.) — 8. supplies plaefe of rel- 
 ative pronoun. — 9. that, so that, 
 in such manner that. 
 
 swaee, swec, st. m. 1. smell, odor; 
 exhalation, breath. — 2. smack, 
 taste. 
 
 swaafan, to. v. to stagger, reel, hes- 
 itate. 
 
 swEegl. See swegl (ether). 
 
 swgelan, w. v. in 
 
 be-swsslan, to sweal, singe, 
 parch, scorch. 
 
 awsman, to. v. in 
 
 ct-swseman, to roam about, 
 round, wander. 
 
 swser, adj. heavy, difficult. (G-er, 
 sehwer.) 
 
 swire, adv. the same as above. 
 
 svras, adj. one's own, domestic, in- 
 timate; dear, precious, agreeable, 
 benevolent. 
 
 swassendu, st. n.pl. a meal. [able. 
 
 swEesllc, adj. kind, friendly, agree- 
 
 swsesllce, adv. the same as above. 
 
 swsetan, to. v. 1. to sweat. — 2. to 
 bleed. 
 
 swaeder = swa hwseder, pron. 
 whichever, whosoever (of two). 
 
 swaedorian, swadrian, to. v. to de- 
 crease, diminish; become quiet, 
 lie down, lie low or down. 
 
 swafan, st. red. v. in 
 
 for-s wafan, to sweep away , or 
 off; to drive out, expel, frighten 
 away. 
 
 swamian, to. v. to become dark or 
 obscure; to vanish, 
 a-swamian, the same as above. 
 
 swan, swon, st. m. swan. 
 
swan — swelgan 
 
 201 
 
 swan, St. m. swain, youth, young 
 
 man. Pin. 39. 
 swancur, swancor, adj. 1. unsteady, 
 
 pliant; languishing (Ps. 118: 81). 
 
 2. slender, supple-bodied (B. 2175). 
 
 3. causing to reel, limp, stagger 
 (Deor. 6). (Ger. schu-anken.) 
 
 swangor, swongor, adj. heavy, 
 
 weighty, torpid, inert. (Ger. 
 
 sehwanger.) 
 swan-rad, st.f. swan-road, path of 
 
 swans, sea. 
 swapan, st. red. v. 1. to sweep, 
 
 swing. — 2. to blow, waft. 
 a-swapan, to sweep off or away, 
 
 to remove, 
 for-swapau, to sweep aside, or 
 
 away; to drive off, or out. 
 to-swapan, to sweep in two, 
 
 apart, or asunder, 
 swar, adj. heavy. (Ger. scliwer.) 
 swarian, swerian, sweorian, w. v. 
 
 to talk, speak, utter. 
 and-swarian, ond-, to speak 
 
 back, answer, 
 swart, swas. See sweart, swees. 
 swat, st. m. 1. sweat. — 2. blood 
 
 from wounds, blood, gore. 
 swat-fag, adj. blood-stained, bloody, 
 swatig, adj. 1. sweaty, sweating. 
 
 2. bloody. 
 swStig-hleor, adj. with sweating 
 
 eheek or face. 
 swat-swadu, st. /.' bloody trace or 
 
 track. 
 swadrian. See swsedorian. 
 swadu, st. f. trace, track. 
 swadul, st. m. smoke-reek, flame 
 
 and smoke together, 
 swebban, ic v. to lull or put to sleep; 
 
 to kill. 
 a-swebban, the same as above. 
 sweo. See swaec (odor). 
 swefan, st. ail. v. III. to sleep, 
 
 slumber; to sleep the death-sleep; 
 
 rest, cease from. Exod. 36. 
 
 Bwefed, part, of swebban (to put 
 
 to sleep). 
 
 swefel, st. m. sulphur. (Grei.schwefel. ) 
 
 swefen, st. n. (swoon?) — 1. sleep, 
 stupor (Gen. 720). — 2. dream. 
 
 swefed, 3d pers. sg. of swebban (to 
 put to sleep). 
 
 swefnan, -ian, w. v. to dream. 
 
 swefot. See sweofot (sleep). 
 
 sweg, st m. (swough), sound, tone, 
 voice; noise, crash, tumult. 
 
 swgg-dyn, st. m. din, din of noise. 
 
 swSg-hleodor, st. n. detonation, 
 clamor, explosion, sound, reso- 
 nance. 
 
 swegl, swegel, st. m. 1. ether, sky. 
 2. sun. — 3. song, chorus, symphony. 
 
 swegl-befalden, adj. ether-covered. 
 
 swegl-beorht,:a<7/. ether-bright, ra- 
 diant. 
 
 swegl-bosm, st. m. bosom of heav- 
 en, the sky. 
 
 swegl-candel, -condel, st. f. sky- 
 candle ; light of heaven,- or ether. 
 
 swegl-oyning,st m. king of heaven 
 
 - or glory. 
 
 swegl-dream, st. m. heavenly joy. 
 
 swegle, adj. clear (of sight or sound), 
 luminous, resounding. 
 
 swegle, adv. clearly, brilliantly. 
 
 sweg-leder, -leoder, st. n. sound 
 leather, bagpipe? 
 
 swegl-rad, st. f. change of .tone(s); 
 modulation. [zling. 
 
 swegl-torht, adj. heaven-bright, daz- 
 
 swegl-wered, part, ether-clad. 
 
 swegl-wuldor, st. a. heavenly glory. 
 
 swegl-wundor, st. n. heavenly 
 ■wonder. 
 
 swelan, w. i: to (sweal), burn, glow, 
 ignite, consume with heat, 
 for-swelan, to km up. 
 
 swelo. See swilc (such). 
 
 swelgan, sweolgan, st. abh v. I. to 
 swallow, take in, absorb, imbibe. 
 for-swelgan, same as above. 
 ge-swelgan, same as above. 
 
202 
 
 & wellan — sweord-gripe 
 
 swelgian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-swelgiau, to cause to swell 
 up, inflate, be swollen? Pa. 41. 
 swellan, st. abl. v. I. to swell, swell 
 
 up. 
 swelling, st. m. swelling sail. 
 sweltan, st. abl. v. I. to die. 
 swencan, w. v. to (swink), disturb, 
 oppress, plague, torment. 
 
 ge-swencan, to conf use,disturb, 
 oppress, exhaust, plague, chastise, 
 crush. 
 swendan, w. v. in 
 
 to-swendan, to cause to go 
 
 asunder, destroy. (Ger. schwinden. ) 
 
 sweng, st. m. (swing), blow, casti- 
 
 gation, cut, thrust. 
 swengan, w. v. in 
 
 to-swengan, to swing in pieces, 
 drive asunder, destroy. 
 swer, swyr, st. m. &/. pillar,eolumn. 
 swerian, st. abl. v. IV. to swear. 
 3-swerian, the same as above, 
 for-swerian, 1. to put one's self 
 under a spell; to render invulner- 
 able by magical utterance. — 2. to 
 forswear,perjure, commit perjury, 
 ge-swerian, to swear. 
 swerian. See swarian (to speak). 
 sw&tan, to. v. to sweeten, make 
 sweet, 
 ge-swetan, the same as above, 
 swete, adj. sweet; — subs, sweet(s). 
 
 Seaf. 95. 
 Bwet-met, st. m. sweetmeat. 
 swetnes, st. f. sweetness. 
 swetole. See sweotule (plainly). 
 swedian, w. v. in 
 
 bi-swedian, to beswathe, wrap 
 up, fold in. 
 swedrian, w. v. to diminish,decrease, 
 neglect, yield, dwindle. 
 
 ge-swedrian, same as above. 
 swealg, pret. of swelgan (to swal- 
 low), 
 swealwe, w. f. swallow (bird). 
 
 sweart, swart,<zd/. swart, swarthy. 
 1. dark, obscure, black. — 2. mis- 
 chievous, hurtful, infamous. 
 
 swearte, adv. mischievously, hurt- 
 fully, infamously. 
 
 sweart-laEt, adj. leaving black 
 tracks or traces. Kid. 27: 11. 
 
 sweofot, swefot, st. m. sleep. 
 
 sweolce, sweolgan. See swylce, 
 swelgan (to swallow). 
 
 sweSlod, swolod, st. m. glow, fire, 
 flame (swealing). 
 
 sweon (Bid. 16: 4), sweopa, sweo- 
 pian, sweopu (jpT). See sfi, swipa, 
 swipian, swip. 
 
 sweor, st. m. father-in-law. (Ger. 
 sclncalier). 
 
 sweora, swiora, swira, swyra, w. m. 
 neck, nape. 
 
 sweorcan, st. abl. v. I. to be or be- 
 come gloomy, dark, sad. 
 
 for-sweorcan, to darken, grow 
 dark. 
 
 ge-sweorcan,to darken, obscure, 
 grow dark; to become sad,gloomy. 
 
 sweorcend-ferhd, adj. gloomy of 
 spirit, sad. 
 
 sweord, swurd, s wyi d, st. n. 
 sword. 
 
 sweord-berend,^>arf. & subs, sword- 
 bearer. 
 
 sweord-bealo, st. n. sword-bale, in- 
 jury or destruction through the 
 sword. 
 
 sweord-bite.si.m. sword-bite, wound 
 with, the sword. 
 
 sweord-freca, w. m. sword-wolf, 
 sworded warrior. 
 
 sweord-ge-nidla, w. m. sworded foe, 
 foe armed with a sword. 
 
 sweord-, Bwyrd-ge-swing, st. «. 
 sword-swinging, combat, slaughter 
 
 sweord-gifu, st.f. sword-giving, gift 
 of swords. 
 
 sweord-gripe, st. m. sword attack, 
 onslaught with swords. 
 
s weor dlgonia — swin 
 
 203 
 
 sweord-, swurd-leonia, ir. >». sword- 
 gleam, coruscation of swords, 
 sweord-plega, ir. »j, sword-play, 
 conflict. 
 
 sweord-rses, st. m. sword-rush; at- 
 tack. 
 
 sweoxd-slege, st. m. sword-thrust, 
 blow. 
 
 sweord-wigend, part. & subs. 
 sworded warrior. 
 
 sweord-'WTind. ( !,/ / .s\Yoi\l- wounded. 
 
 sweorfan, st. abl. i: I. to wipe off, 
 cleanse, file, polish. 
 
 sweorian. See swarian (to speak). 
 
 sweostor, swuster, st.f. sister. 
 
 sweot, st. it. band, troop; — instr.pl. 
 sweotum, in troops. 
 
 sweotol. swutol, sutol, adj. 3_ vis- 
 ible, distinct, plain, evident. — 2. 
 audible, clear, distinct. B. 90. 
 
 sweotule, swetole, adv. visibly, 
 clearly, plainly, precisely. 
 
 sweotulian, swntulian, w. v. to be 
 plain, visible, evident. 
 
 ge-sweotulian, to render plain, 
 distinct, visible. 
 
 sweotul-, swatollice, adr. plainly, 
 visibly, distinctly, precisely. 
 
 sweodrian. See swidrian(to lessen). 
 
 swian. See swigian (to be silent). 
 
 swio, st. m. odor, smell. 
 
 swican, st. abl. c. V. 3. (absolutely) 
 to go, move about, yield, give way, 
 evade, escape, get away. — 2. ut 
 swican, to go out or forth. — 3. 
 from swican, or swican from, 
 to decline, fall off, revolt, desist, 
 cease from. — 4. tr. dat. to desist, 
 leave in the lurch, abandon, re- 
 nounce. 
 
 a-swican, to fall off, desert, 
 abandon; to irritate, provoke. 
 
 be-swican, to beguile, deceive, 
 betray, mislead. 
 
 ge-swican, to omit, intermit, 
 desist, cease to help, abandon, 
 deceive, renounce, betray. 
 
 •swice, swyce, .si. »». 1. issue, result, 
 success. — 2. procrastination, de- 
 lay (Gu. 1007).— 3. ofl'ense, prov- 
 ocation, insult. 
 
 swice, adj. renouncing, deserting, 
 abandoning. 
 
 swician, swycian, ir. t. 1. to err, 
 ■wander, wander about. — 2. to de- 
 oline, fall off from, deviate (Ps. 
 118: 102). — 3. to exert, weary one's 
 self (Gen. 607). 
 
 swicol, adj. guileful, deceitful, false. 
 
 swifan, st. abl. c. V. to roam, ramble 
 about. (Ger. sell wei fen.) 
 
 on-swifan, 1. ir. aec. to swing, 
 to move against or toward. — 2. to 
 push off, put aside, turn away. 
 
 swift, adj. swift, quick. 
 
 swiftu, ,s'f. /. swiftness. 
 
 swige, ir. /. silence, stillness, rest. 
 (Ger. sclnceigen.) 
 
 swige, adj. silent, taciturn, quiet. 
 
 swigian, swygian, tr. r. to be silent, 
 quiet, still. (Ger. sclurcigen.) 
 ge-swlgian, 1. to be silent, quiet. 
 
 2. to silence. 
 
 swile, swyle, swnlc, swelc, pron. 
 1. each, every (B. 299).— 2. who, 
 whoever, whichever (Ps. Ben. 19: 9). 
 
 3. such, such a. — 4. which. — 5. 
 swyle — swyle, such — as, so — as. 
 
 swilce, swylce, swelce, sweolce, 
 adr. 1. also, moreover, and further, 
 furthermore. — 2. ir. subs, as, so as. 
 3. in like manner, likewise, after 
 the same fashion, so, thus. — 4. as 
 (how). — 5. ic mibj. as if, as though. 
 
 swilt. See swylt (death). 
 
 swima, tc. m. giddiness, vertigo, diz- 
 ziness, swimming of the head. 
 
 swimman, swymman, st. abl. r. I. 
 to swim. 
 
 ofer-swimman, ir. aec. to swim 
 over, across, through. 
 
 swin, st. n. swine, hog. boar. — 2. 
 boar-figure or ornament on the 
 helmet. 
 
204 
 
 swincan — swyltdseg 
 
 swincan, st. abl. v. I. to swink, labor 
 hard, toil, exhaust one's self. 
 
 swiagau, st. abl. v. 1. 1. to flog, strike, 
 scourge, whip, chastise.— 2. swin- 
 gan on twa = strike in two, di- 
 vide by a blow. — 3. intrans. to 
 swing, fly, flutter. 
 
 be-swingan, to flog, beat, strike, 
 scourge. 
 
 ge-swingan, the same as above. 
 
 swingel, st. f. blow, beating, whip- 
 ping; dejection, affliction. 
 
 swingela, swingla, w. m. whip, 
 scourge. 
 
 swingere, st. m. swinger, striker,,: 
 seourger. 
 
 s win-lie a, w.rn. swine-likeness,boar- 
 figure on the helmet. 
 
 swinsian, swynsian, w. v. to sound, 
 resound, sing, rustle. 
 
 swip, st. ii. (pi. sweopu), whip, 
 scourge. 
 
 swipa, sweopa,jc. m. same as above. 
 
 swipian, swippan, sweopian, w, v. 
 to whip, scourge, beat. 
 
 swira. See sweora (neck). 
 
 swid, swyd, adj. 1. strong, vigorous, 
 valiant, powerful, violent. — 2. in 
 eompar. right (or strong) hand (as 
 opposed to left). 
 
 swidan, swydan, w. v. to strength- 
 en, establish, assist, enrich. 
 
 for-swldan, to crush, press 
 upon, repel, push back. 
 
 ge-swidan,to strengthen,render 
 strong, invigorate, reenforce. 
 
 ofer-swldan, w. ace. to excel, 
 surpass, conquer, overwhelm, van- 
 quish. 
 
 swlde, swyde, adv. strongly, very, 
 much, violently; — eompar. swidor 
 = more, rather, more strongly, 
 violently; — snperl. most, very, ex- 
 ceedingly. 
 
 swid-ferd, -ferhd, adj. strong of 
 mind, bold, brave. 
 
 swid-feorm, adj. strong,- powerful; 
 
 rich, 
 swid-, swyd-ge-neahhe,- adv. quite 
 
 enough, very often, frequently, 
 swid-ge-nealihige, adv. the same as 
 
 above. [quick. 
 
 swid-hwast, adj. very prompt, agile, 
 swid-,swyd-hycgende,^arf.strong- 
 
 minded, bold, brave. 
 swidlic, adj. immense, great, violent, 
 swid-mibtig, adj. very > powerful, 
 
 mighty. 
 swid-nidd, adj. of strong or impet- 
 uous mind, bold, brave; ■ insolent. 
 swidrian, sweodrian, w. v. to in= 
 
 crease, diminish, dwindle, give 
 
 way, vanish, weaken, rest. • 
 ge-swidrian, to lessen,diminishj 
 
 weaken, to effect, accomplish; 
 swld-snel, adj. very quick, agile, 
 
 prompt. 
 swiora, swiodol. See sweora, 
 
 swadol. 
 swogan, st. red. v. (to sough), to 
 
 rustle, whistle, hum, buzz, roar, 
 
 rattle. 
 swol? glow,fire,flame. (GreT.sehwul.) 
 swolod, swon, swoncor, swongor, 
 
 swor (Exod. 239), sworoan. See 
 
 sweolod, swan, swaucor, swan- 
 
 gor, spor, sweorcan. 
 sworeen-ferd, adj. somber, sad. 
 
 Wy. 25. 
 swulc, swurd, swuster, swutol, 
 
 swutulian. See swilo, sweord, 
 
 sweostor, sweotol, sweotulian. 
 swyce, swycian, swygian, swyle, 
 
 awyloe. See swice, swician, 
 
 swigian, swilc, swilce. 
 swyld, st.f. pain? Ps. 114: 3. 
 swylian, w. v. in 
 
 be-swylian, to soil*fleek,befoul. 
 swylt, swilt, st. m. death; 
 swylt-cwalu, st. f. death-torment, 
 
 death. 
 swylt-deeg, st. m. day of death. 
 
s wy ltdead — sy ddan 
 
 205 
 
 swylt-d6ad, st. m. death, perishing. 
 
 Bwyttend. See sweltan (to die). 
 
 swylt-hwil, st. f. death-hour. 
 
 swymman,swynsian,swyi,swyra, 
 swyrd, swyd, swydan, swyde. 
 See swimman, swinsian, swer, 
 sweoia, sweord, swid, swidan, 
 swide. 
 
 sy, syb, syd. See si, seon, sib, sid. 
 
 syfon-. See seofon-wintre. 
 
 syfer, adj. sober, self-denying, pure, 
 clean. (Ger. sauber.) 
 
 syflan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-syflan, to provide or supply 
 with relishes or stimulants to ap- 
 petite. 
 
 syfone. See seofan (seven). 
 
 syge (?), sight, aspect. 
 
 sygor, sybd, sylf, sylfor. See sigor, 
 seon, self, seolfor. 
 
 syliau, selian, to. v. to sully, spot, 
 fleck, pollute. 
 be-sylian, the same as above. 
 
 syll, st. f. sill, doorsill, threshold, 
 dais whereon benches stand. 
 
 sylla, syllan, syllend, sylllc, sylo- 
 fren. See sel, selian, sellend, 
 sellic, seolfren. 
 
 symbel, st. n. banquet, drinking- 
 bout, feast, carouse, meal, festivity. 
 
 symbel, st. n. duration, continuance. 
 
 symbel-daeg, st. m. day of feasts or 
 feasting, holidays. 
 
 symbel-gal, adj. merry or riotous in 
 feasting; intoxicated, drunk. 
 
 symbel-ge-fera, w. m. constant com- 
 panion. 
 
 symbel-ge-reordu, st. n.pl. banquet- 
 ings, f eastings, earousings. 
 
 symbel-gifa, w. m. giver of feasts 
 or meals. 
 
 symbel-wgrig, adj. "weary of the 
 carouse or feast. 
 
 symbel- wloncaoj.insolent or elated 
 from feasting. 
 
 symbel-wyn, st.f. joy of feasting, 
 social delight. 
 
 symble, adv. ever, forever, always. 
 
 symblian, symblan, w. v. to feast, 
 carouse, enjoy one's self. 
 
 symle, symles, syn-, syn. See simle, 
 simles, sin-, si, seou. 
 
 syn, sinn, semi, st. f. 1. sin, guilt. 
 2. hostility, enmity, feud. 
 
 syn-byrden, st.f. burden of sin. 
 
 sync, synd. See sine, siiid. 
 
 syn-dsed, at. f. deed or act of sin. 
 
 syndig, adj. skiEed in swimming? 
 Cra. 58. 
 
 syndon. See sindon (are). 
 
 syndrian, w. v. in 
 
 a-syndrian, to sunder, separate, 
 divide. 
 to-syndrian, the same as above. 
 
 syndrig, adj. special, apart, alone, 
 unique. 
 
 syn-fah, -fa, adj. sin-stained. 
 
 syn-full, adj. sinful, guilty. 
 
 syngian, singian, w. v. to sin. 
 
 ge-syngian, the same as above. 
 
 syn-gryn, st. f. sin, harm, mischief 
 of sin. 
 
 syn-leasig, adj. sinless, guiltless, in- 
 nocent. 
 
 synlice, adv. sinfully, foully, infa- 
 mously. 
 
 syn-lust, st. m. pleasure ill sin, de- 
 sire to sin. 
 
 synn. See syn (sin). 
 
 synnig, adj. sinful, guilty, punish- 
 able, criminal. 
 
 syn-rust, st. m. sin-rust, filth of sin. 
 
 syn-sceada, -scada, w. m. sinful 
 scather, unjust criminal. 
 
 synt, synu. See sind, seonu. 
 
 syn-wracu, st.f. punishment for sin. 
 
 syn-wund, st. f. 'wound of sin. 
 
 syn-'wyrcende, part, sin-worker. 
 
 syp, st. m. sip, sup, sipping, drink- 
 ing in. 
 
 syrce, syrwan. See serce, serwan. 
 
 syddam. See siddan (since). 
 
 syddan, w. v.- to surrender, deliver 
 up, cast down ? Ps. 73 : 18. 
 
206 
 
 tacen — temian 
 
 tacen, tacn, st. n. 1. token, mark. 
 
 2. suggestion, indication, symbol. 
 
 3. wonder, marvelous deed, act, 
 heroic deed. — 4. proof, ground, 
 demonstration, subject. 
 
 tacnian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-tacnian, to sign, mark, char- 
 acterize, betoken, designate, des- 
 tine, determine, establish. 
 
 tsecan, tsecean, it: v. to show, point 
 out, exhibit. (Ger. zeigen.) 
 
 be-teecan, to show, point out, 
 characterize, make over, assign, 
 deliver. 
 
 ge-taacan, to show, point out, 
 reveal, designate, refer, make 
 over, arraign. 
 
 teecnan, w. v. to mark by a token, 
 to denote, designate, trace out. 
 ge-tsecnan, to show, point out. 
 
 teecne, adj. (in compounds), to be 
 shown or pointed out. 
 
 tsefel, st. f. & n. die, cube, game at 
 dice, dice-playing. 
 
 teefle, adj. acquainted with or de- 
 voted to dice-playing. 
 
 tasgel, st. in. tail. 
 
 tseL See talu (number). 
 
 taslan, w. v. to slander, calumniate, 
 accuse, blame, scold. 
 
 tsele, tseled, {part.), taelian. See 
 talu, tellan, talian. 
 
 tael-met, st. n. tale, number, com- 
 putation. 
 
 tsel-mearc, st. f. counting over, cal- 
 culation. 
 
 tee!-, teliiis, st. f. removal, depriva- 
 tion, depreciation, degradation, 
 blame, censure, transgression of 
 duty, breach of official fidelity. 
 
 taesan, w. v. 1. to touse, tease, tug, 
 pluck. — 2. to wound, injure. 
 
 tcese, adj. mild, gentle. 
 
 tKsu, st.f. harm, injury, destruction. 
 
 taetan (?), to caress. Wy. 4. 
 
 talian, taelian, w. v. to count, calcu- 
 late, value, consider (as), mention, 
 believe, think. 
 
 talu, st. /. 1. tale, number, calcula- 
 tion. — 2. speech, telling,narrative. 
 
 tal, st. f. calumny, false witness, 
 abuse, malicious accusation. 
 
 tarn, torn, adj. tame. 
 
 tama, w. m. tameness. 
 
 tan, st. m. 1. rod, switch, bush, 
 sprout, twig, branch. — 2. staff, 
 rod used in divination, magic, or 
 prophecy; fate, destiny. 
 
 tan, adj. (tined?), branched, fur- 
 nished with branches. 
 
 tapur, st. m. taper, wax taper. 
 
 tedre. See tydre (soft). 
 
 tSgan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-tegan, to make. Met. 13: 14. 
 
 tela, teala, adv. fitly, fittingly, well, 
 rightly. 
 
 teldan, st. all. v. I. in 
 
 be-, bi-teldan, to cover, cover 
 over, screen, protect, envelop, sur- 
 round. (Ger. eelt.) 
 ofer-teldan, the same as above. 
 
 telg, st. m. fluid, infusion, tincture. 
 
 telga, w. m. branch, twig, vine-shoot. 
 
 telge (B. 2067). See talian (to count). 
 
 telgian, w. v. to put forth branches, 
 or twigs. 
 
 tellan, w. v. (pret. tealde), 1. to tell, 
 count. — 2. to reckon up, calculate, 
 count out. — 3. to esteem, reckon 
 (as), mention, believe, think. 
 
 ge-tellan, to count, count out or 
 over, compute, consider, weigh. 
 
 t6-tellan, to separate in count- 
 ing, arrange, distinguish. 
 
 telnys. See taMiiis (blame). 
 
 temian, w. v. in 
 
teman — teonsmid 
 
 207 
 
 S-temian, to tame, to render 
 gentle or quiet. 
 
 teman, tyman, w. v. to bear, bring 
 forth, teem with. 
 
 tempel, st. n. temple. 
 
 ten, tene, tyn, tyne, num. tea. 
 
 tenan. See tynan (to injure). 
 
 tengan, w. r. to press toward, hurry, 
 hasten. 
 
 ge-tengan, to press; to devote, 
 dedicate. 
 
 tennan, to. v. to lure, allure ? Wy. 4. 
 
 teran, st. dbl. v. II. to tear. 
 
 tergan, tyrgan, u\ < . to pull or pluck 
 hither and thither, torment, tease ; 
 to scorn. 
 
 tesu, teswian. See teosu, teos- 
 wian. 
 
 ted. See t6d (tooth). 
 
 teafor, st. >?. foundation, place for 
 building (with external walls of a 
 house). Kuin. 31. 
 
 teag, st. f. thong, rope, band, fetter, 
 towline. 
 
 teagor, st. m. tear, teardrop. 
 
 teala. See tela, til, talu. 
 
 tealde, pret. of tellan (to count). 
 
 tealt, adj. tilting, unsteady, tottering. 
 
 tealtrian, ic. v. to tilt, totter, vacil- 
 late, be in peril. [ant. 
 
 team, st. m. sprout, scion, descend- 
 
 teSr, tser, st. m. 1. drop. — 2. tear. 
 
 tearig-hleor.ad/. with tearful cheeks. 
 
 teofenian, w. v. to join, put together, 
 unite. 
 
 teofrian, w. v. the same as above. 
 
 teoh, teohh, st. f. & m. (re.?) race, 
 company, number, band, troop, 
 society. 
 
 teohan. See tSon (to accuse). 
 
 teohhian, tiohbian, til'-Iiian, tyh- 
 hian, w. v. to fix, establish, show, 
 direct, determine, resolve, believe. 
 
 teolian, teolum. See tilian, til. 
 
 t§on, tlon, st. dbl. v. VI. (Ger. eiehen. ) 
 1. w. ace. to draw, lead. — 2. edu- 
 cate, rear (Ps. 79: 5).— 3. intrans. 
 
 to move, go, roam. — 4. w. ace. to 
 create, procreate, beget. Gen. 980. 
 S-teon, 1. to draw out, off, from. 
 2. to handle, treat. — 3. to move, 
 journey, roam. — 4. intrans. up 
 ateou, to ascend, draw up, move 
 away (Exod. 490). 
 
 for-teon, 1. to draw away, dis- 
 tort, mislead. — 2. to draw or put 
 over; to obstruct, cover. 
 
 ge-teon, 1. to draw. — 2. to give, 
 lend, put at the disposal of. 
 
 of-tgon, 1. to draw off,withdraw, 
 take away. — 2. to refuse, withhold, 
 deny, deprive of. 
 ofer-tSon, to draw over, cover. 
 to-t£on, to draw in two, draw in 
 pieces. 
 
 purh-tSon, to draw or put 
 through, to execute, carry out. 
 
 tSon. See tihan (to accuse). 
 
 teon, tlon, w. v. 1. to make, produce, 
 work, set, fix, establish, constitute. 
 2. to furnish with or out, to deck. 
 B. 43. 
 
 fore-tSon, to make beforehand, 
 establish, exhibit, arrange, dispose, 
 ordain. 
 
 ge-t§on, to make, work, set, es- 
 tablish, conclude. 
 
 tSon, st. n. teen, harm, hurt,hostility. 
 
 tSona, w. m. reproach, accusation, 
 insult, offense, discord, enmity, 
 injury. 
 
 tlon-cwide, st. m. hurtful speech, 
 calumny, reproach, blasphemy. 
 
 teone, w. f. calumny, injustice. 
 
 tSon-ful, adj. teenfol, injurious, un- 
 worthy, malicious. 
 
 t@on-h.ete, st. m. malicious hate. 
 
 teon-l§g, st. m. destroying flame, fire 
 of perdition, burning of the world. 
 
 teonlic, adj. destructive, hurtful, 
 shameful. 
 
 teonlice, adv. the Bame as above. 
 
 taon-smid, st. m. calumniator, door 
 of injustice, evil-doer. 
 
208 
 
 teontig — tida 
 
 teoii-tig, nam. (ten-ty), hundred. 
 
 teon-waei gdu, st. f. punishment. 
 
 t$on-wlt, st. m. quarrel, stri£e. 
 
 teon-word, st. n. abuse, calumny. 
 
 teorian, w. r. 1. intrtni.i. to dwindle, 
 
 vanish, become weary, yield. — 2. 
 
 w. ace. to exhaust, tire. Ps.l41i 3. 
 
 ge-teorian, to dwindle, vanish, 
 
 weary, yield. 
 
 teosel, st. m. die (dice). 
 
 teoBU, tesu, st. f. harm, injury, de- 
 struction. 
 
 teosu-sprcec, st.f. calumny, harmful 
 speech. 
 
 teoswian, teswian, w. v. to offend, 
 insult. 
 
 teoda, num. adj. tenth. 
 
 tiber, tifer, st. n. offering, victim, 
 sacrifice, sacrificial animal. 
 
 ticlum (?). (Bid. 40 : 2. =* tldum?) 
 
 tld, st. f. 1. tide, time ; — instr. pi. 
 tldum, timely, at the right time 
 (Gn. Ex. 125).— 2. feast-day, festal 
 tide. — 3. hour. 
 
 tid-dasg, st. m. lifetime, death. 
 
 tld-ege, st. m. dread of one's ap- 
 pointed time, death. 
 
 tld-fara, w. m. timely traveler, op- 
 portune journeyer. Cri. 1674. 
 
 tldllce, adv. timely, in time. 
 
 tifer, tlgan. See tiber, tygan. 
 
 tigol, st. /.; tigele, w. f. tile. 
 
 tigel-fag, adj. with colored tiles. 
 
 tigdian. See tldian (to grant). 
 
 tihan, toon, st. abl. v. V. to accuse, 
 accuse of. (Ger, sseihen.) 
 of-tlhan, to deny, refuse. 
 
 tihhian, tiht, tihtan, tilid. See teoh- 
 hiaii, tyht, tyhtan, teon, tihan. 
 
 til, till, adj. adapted, suitable, fitting, 
 good, useful. 
 
 til, st. n. goodness, fitness. 
 
 tila, tela, adv. fitly, well. Bid. 49 : 2. 
 
 Tile, the isle of Thule (Met. 1C: 15) ; 
 —usually t>yle. 
 
 til-, till-fremmend, part, well-doin^, 
 well-acting. 
 
 tilian, tiligan, tiligenn, tilgan, teo- 
 lian, tioliau, w. v. (w. iitf.), 1. to 
 aim, have in view, strive for, seek, 
 exert one's self. — 2. w. gen. to at- 
 tain,seek to attain,ef£eot by effort, 
 win, deserve. 
 ge-tilian, to win, give. 
 
 till.stn. fixed standing-place, station, 
 place. Met. 20: 172. 
 
 tilllo, adj. fit, good. 
 
 tillice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 til-mod, adj. well-disposed, kind, 
 good. 
 
 til-modig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 tlma, w. m. tune. 
 
 timber, st. n. material (timber), 
 structure, building. 
 
 timbran, timbrian, w. i . to build, 
 construct, erect, form, forge, 
 a-timbrau, to build up, erect. 
 be-timbran, to cover with tim- 
 ber, construct, build up. [struct, 
 ge-timbi an, to build, erect, con- 
 
 timpamim. See tympanum. 
 
 tingan, st. abl. v. I. in 
 
 ge-tingan, to join, add one's self 
 to, associate with, unite with, press 
 upon. 
 
 tinnan (?). Eim. 54. 
 
 tintreg, tinterg, st. n. torture, tor- 
 ment, punishment. 
 
 tln-trega, w. in. the same as above. 
 
 tlr, tyr, st. m. 1. glory, honor, orna- 
 ment, brilliancy. — 2. name of the 
 Rune t. — 3. name of a constella- 
 tion that does not set. Run. 48. 
 
 tlr-, tyr-gadig, adj. glorious. 
 
 tlr-faest, adj. established in reputa- 
 tion, famous. 
 
 tlr-fruma, w. m. prince of glory. 
 
 tlr-lSas, adj. without fame, shame- 
 fully vanquished. B. 843. 
 
 tir-meahtig, adj. glorious, powerful. 
 
 tld, tf&, st. f. assent, permission; 
 gift, favor. 
 
 tida, w. m. (with gen. of thing), in 
 possession of, participant in. 
 
tldlmi — toata 
 
 209 
 
 ttdlan, tlfdlMi, tydian, w, v, to grant 
 a request, grant, perform, bold, 
 keep, 
 ge-tldlan, the name a* above, 
 
 tiedrtn, Bee tydmn (to beget). 
 
 tier (?), tier, serles.mass, M«t.90ill. 
 
 tiohhl«n,tioli«n,tlon,tton-leg, Bee 
 teoliliinii, Ullmi, tion, teon-l6g. 
 
 M, I. pryp. 1. w. dat. to.— (a.) an- 
 swers to question wMlhert (aim, 
 objeat, end of motion) person 
 ipoben to or addressed),—^.) tp, 
 
 • for. Into, answers to questions 
 viherqforit to, ovfur, or into whatt 
 (end or dim) to make Mo, ohange 
 to or into, become).— («.) »t, by, 
 near, from, answers to question* 
 vilmtf (from w. verb* of asking, 
 receiving, &o. ). — ((/.) phrases; no 
 to wuhte, by no meani, under no 
 elroumstanees (Cleii,S89)| tO him, 
 nest to or nearest to him (<3en,9B4)| 
 tO hweenee wlllan, in aaoordaruie 
 with some one's will (Qen. 717,— 
 (I.) is temporal relatione, for t to 
 liairt hwile (Qen, 480 1 up to, Mlt 
 ntsa long tO po»i past, until (H. 
 9001)1 to,to>Hngi tO desge, to-day 
 (By. 5i t).—». w. gin, phrases i tfl 
 fern, to Mm (<Jn. Ex. 89) | tO pn«, 
 thither, to that point (An. 1190)1 
 tO pm be, thither where (An. 
 1061)1 tO bM»vwhMev, where (An. • 
 .4078)1 tO hwm, whither (Hstod. 
 198) | tO psss (before adjectives 
 and adverb*), to that degree, eo, 
 to very | tO mlddaa deegu, at 
 Dldday.— 8. w, uoo. to, toward, at, 
 in| tO dag, to-day.—*, to, w, inf, 
 («,) uninfleoted Inf. (Ax. 87).— (6.) 
 w. inflected inf .«■ Latin, gmmtt, 
 tuptnt, ut and «# tofut, act, pari, 
 (Qen. 948 1 B. 887). -II, adverb i 
 • two, tn two.— 1. w, verbs In lm- 
 prop*r«aoJ»pounds.— 3, thowto (f) 
 
 . (Qen. 1984),— 3. before adjective* 
 and adverbs too, too inuoh, very. 
 
 to-gadere, -giedere, -geedre, adv. 
 together, 
 
 to-gegnes, -gtoea, -guanos, adv. to- 
 wordi, against. 
 
 to-heald, adv. forward, In advance. 
 
 to-hlht. gee tOhyht (hope). 
 
 tO-hopn, w, m. hope, expectation. 
 
 tohte, w,f, expoditlon, marcli, cam- 
 paign, battle, conflict, 
 
 tO-hyh.t,tfl.hlht,#i , .w,(f). C'f.hyhtee, 
 (Jul.442) (>l.08,&o.), hope. 
 
 torn. Beo tern (timid). 
 
 tflme r adv. (w, gen,), free of, dm ply 
 of, vacant. 
 
 tor, torr, nl, m, 1, tower.— 2, mount- 
 ain top, summit, rook, (Met. fli 17,) 
 
 tord, st. m. turd, dung, fliil>. 
 
 torht, adj, bright, luminous, Illus- 
 trious, famous. 
 
 torhte, o*i. brightly, luminously, 
 dearly. 
 
 torhtlio, ailj. brilliant, dear. 
 
 torhtlloe, adv. the same as above* 
 
 torht-mOd, adj. of brilliant mind or 
 spirit. 
 
 torn, at, n, (Ger. torn), offense, in- 
 tuit, misery, suffering, pain, grief, 
 wrath. [bad. 
 
 torn, adj. grievous, saddening, bitter, 
 
 torn-owide, st, m, 'offensive or In- 
 sulting speeoh. 
 
 tome, aflv, insultingly, bitterly, 
 grievously. 
 
 torn-fa-mot, ut, n, angry collision, 
 hostile meeting. 
 
 toin-ge-llldln, if. m. w rnl.li prOVOll I ng 
 
 foe, angry opponent, 
 tornlio, adj. sorrowful, grievous. 
 torn-mOd, adj.' wrathful-minded, 
 
 angry, 
 torn-sorg, ut, f, heartfelt sorrow, 
 
 oare, or anxiety. [ous word, 
 torn-word, si, n. Insulting or grlev- 
 torn-wntou,«t, /. outburst of wrath. 
 torr. See tor (tower). 
 to-semne, -somne, adv, together. 
 toste, «■, /, toad, paddook. 
 
210 
 
 t6d — treo w-waestm 
 
 t6d, m. tooth: irreg. dat. ted (Exod. 
 2124); nom. & ace. pi. t6das (Ph. 
 407); tgd (Deut. 32: 24); t6d (Fs. 
 Stev57: 7). 
 
 t6d-masgen, st. n. tooth-power, 
 strength or firmness in the teeth. 
 
 t6-weard, adj. 1. impending, immi- 
 nent, future. — 2. toward, against. 
 Met. 28: 7. 
 
 t6-widere, -widre, prep., w. dat., or 
 ace. toward, against. 
 
 traedan (?), (to tread?), to roam 
 through, roam about. Rid. 58:5. 
 
 traef, st. n. 1. tent. — 2. building, 
 structure? An. 844. 
 
 trag, adj. evil, mean, bad, unfavor- 
 able, disgusting. 
 
 trage, adv. the same as above. 
 
 trag-msBl, - st. n. disturbance, dis- 
 quietude, misery, oppression, tor- 
 ment. 
 
 tragu, st. f. the same as above. 
 
 trahtian. See treahtian (to think). 
 
 tredan, st. abl. v. III. 1. to tread, 
 trample, mistreat. — 2. to enter, 
 enter upon,go upon,roam through. 
 
 treddan, to. v. to search out, scruti- 
 nize, think over, reflect upon, 
 a-treddan, the same as above. 
 
 treddian, tryddian, to. v. to tread, 
 tramp, stride, go, go about. 
 
 trede, adj. current, customary, pos- 
 sible, practicable. 
 
 trega, to. m. oppression, grievance, 
 disturbance, uneasiness, pain. 
 
 trem, tremman. See trym, trym- 
 man (to strengthen). 
 
 trendlian, to. v. in 
 
 a-trendlian, to fly forth or up, 
 to unroll. 
 
 treafllc, adj. oppressing, grieving, 
 crushing. 
 
 treahtere, st. m. interpreter, ex- 
 pounder, meditator (on, over). 
 
 treahtian, trahtian, to. v. in 
 
 ge-trahtian, to think over or 
 upon, reflect upon, consider. 
 
 trgo, treow, st. n. 1. tree. — 2. wood, 
 grove (Ph. 200). — 3. wood, mate- 
 rial (Kid. 57: 9). — 4. tree of the 
 cross, cross. 
 
 trgo-cynn, st. n. sort or kind of 
 wood, wood species. 
 
 treo-fugol, st. m. tree-fowl, forest 
 bird. 
 
 treow. See trgo (tree). 
 
 treow, tryw, st. f. 1. firmness, re- 
 liability (Run. 25).— 2. fidelity to 
 a promise, covenantal faith. — 3. 
 plighted troth, vow of fidelity. — 
 4. favor, grace, kindness. — 5. con- 
 fidence, belief. 
 
 trgowan, truwan, trywan, to. a. to 
 trust, intrust, have confidence in, 
 believe confidently. (Ger. trauen.) 
 ge-treowan, 1. to trust, believe, 
 hope. — 2. to confirm, authenticate, 
 render certain or credible, vow sol- 
 emnly. (B. 1095 ; Ps; 92 : 6. ) 
 
 ge-or-tr§owan, to mistrust, lose 
 faith in. 
 on-treowan, to intrust, confide. 
 
 trgo-, trgow-wsestm, st. /. tree. 
 
 treowe, trywe, adj. true, faithful. 
 
 trgow-, triow-faest, adj. the same. 
 
 trgow-ge-fcofta, w. m. faithful com- 
 rade, plighted companion, confed- 
 erate. 
 
 trgowian, triiwian, trywian, w. v. 
 1. w. gin. or dat. to trust, intrust, 
 confide in, have confidence in, 
 trust to.— 2. w. dat. to be faithful. 
 (Gen. 2324.) 
 
 ge-trgowian, to trust, intrust, 
 confide in, hope. 
 
 trgow-16ga, to. m. troth-breaker, 
 pledge-breaker. 
 
 trgow-lufu, st. f. true love. 
 
 trgow-r^den, st.f. true covenant, 
 treaty, compact. 
 
 trgowd, st. f. truth, fidelity, veracity. 
 
 trgow-fcrSg, st. f. time, of or for 
 faithfulness, fidelity. 
 
 treow-weestm. See trgow-weestm. 
 
trided — tweone 
 
 211 
 
 tridect, trieded, 3d pers. sg. pres. of 
 tredan (to tread). 
 
 trio, triow. See treo, trSow. 
 
 trodu, st. f. step, treading, pace, 
 track, vestige. 
 
 trum, adj. firm,fixed, vigorous, active, 
 cheerful. 
 
 trumlic, adj. the same as above. 
 
 tmmnad, st. m. confirmation, assur- 
 ance. 
 
 tiuwan, truwian. See trSowan, 
 treowian (to trust). 
 
 tryddian. See treddian (to tread). 
 
 tryded, 3d pers. sg. prcs. of tredan 
 (to tread). 
 
 trym, trem, (Gei\ triimmer), st. n. 
 fragment, part, piece ; — fotes 
 trym, foot's length. 
 
 trymian, w. v. to strengthen, exhort, 
 encourage, incite. 
 ge-trymian, the same as above. 
 
 trymman, tremman, w. v. 1. to in- 
 vigorate, strengthen, fortify, build 
 firmly. — 2. to strengthen, encour- 
 age, exhort, incite, comfort. — 3. to 
 storm, rage, roar, whirr (El. 35; 
 Exod, 159). 
 
 ge-trymman, to invigorate, 
 strengthen, fortify, encourage; to 
 get, procure. (Gen. 248.) 
 
 trymnes, st. f. firmness, solidity. 
 
 tryw, trywan, trywe, trywian. See 
 treow, treowan, treowe, treo- 
 wian. 
 
 tfi. See t»u and twegen (two). 
 
 tucian, w. v. (Ger. zucken, twitch), 
 to cause to quiver,palpitate, shake, 
 convulse, disturb. 
 
 tuddor, tudor, st. n. scion, descend- 
 ant, progeny, growth, posterity. 
 
 tuddor-spSd, st. f. fertility, fruitful- 
 ness. 
 
 tuddor-teonde, part, begetting pos- 
 terity. 
 
 tun, st. m. hedge, fence, inclosed 
 dwelling, place, town. 
 
 tunece, w. f. tunic, undergarment, 
 garment. 
 
 tunge, w. f. tongue. 
 
 tungol, tungel, tungl, st. m. & n. 
 constellation, star, planet. 
 
 tungol-gim, st. m. star-gem, constel- 
 lation. 
 
 turf, st. f. (dat. sg. tyrf), turf, soil, 
 grass. 
 
 turf-haga, w. m. turf-cover, turf, cov- 
 ering of grass. 
 
 turtle, w.f. turtle-dove. 
 
 twa. See twegen (two). 
 
 twsefan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-twzefan, 1. to separate from, 
 deprive of, hinder in, incapacitate 
 for. — 2. to confuse, bewilder (Gen. 
 53; Exod. 119). 
 
 tweeman, w. v. in 
 
 ge-twcemaii, to incapacitate for, 
 to render incapable of. 
 
 to-twEeman, to dissever, break up 
 or in pieces, to dissolve. 
 
 ge-to-twseman, to sever, part, 
 hinder in, incapacitate for. 
 
 twegen, twa, tfi, num. two, twain; 
 nom. & ace. twegen,/. twa, n.-tu, 
 twS ; (twa is also of common gen- 
 der : wit Adam twS, Adam and I : 
 Sat. 411) ; gen. m., /., & n. twegra, 
 twega; — dat. m.,f., & n. twSm, 
 twsem. 
 
 twelf, num. twelve. 
 
 twelfta, num. adj. twelfth. 
 
 twelf-tig (twelve-ty = 120). See 
 hund-twelftig. 
 
 twen-tig, num. twenty. 
 
 tweo, st. m. 1. twoness, doubt. — 
 2. difference, distinction (El. 668). 
 
 tweogan, tw§on, w. m. 1. to be of 
 two minds, doubt, doubt of. — 2. 
 impers. w. ace. of person: to seem 
 or appear doubtful. 
 
 ge-twgogan, to doubt, hesitate, 
 vacillate, be irresolute. 
 
 tweoh. See twih (both). 
 
 tweone, num. bini, two. 
 
212 
 
 t weosprEece — past 
 
 twgo-sprasce, adj. two-spoken, am- 
 biguous, double-minded. 
 
 tweox. See twih (both). 
 
 twidig, adj. granted, allowed, per- 
 mitted. 
 
 twi-ecg, adj. two-edged. 
 
 twig, st. n. twig, branch, vine-shoot. 
 
 twiga, w. m. the same as above. 
 
 twigan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-palm-twigan, to deck or or- 
 nament with palm-branches. 
 
 twih, ace. both, two ; mid unc twih, 
 between us two. (Gen. 2253.) 
 
 twy-. See twi-ecg. 
 
 tyan, w. v. to draw, pull, rear, in- 
 struct, teach. 
 
 ge-tyan, the same as above. 
 
 tydernes, st. f. (?). Sol. 47. 
 
 tydran, tyddran, tiedraii, w. v. 1. 
 mtrans. to get children. — 2. w. ace. 
 to beget, produce, bear, bring 
 . forth. 
 
 a-tydran, to beget. 
 
 tydere, tedre, adj. weak, tender, 
 feeble, cowardly. 
 
 tydrian, w. v. to weaken, soften, be- 
 come feeble, fall to pieces. 
 
 tygan. See teag (rope). 
 
 tfgan, tigan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-tlgan, to tie, bind together, 
 to fetter. [lish). 
 
 tyhhian. See teohhian (to estab- 
 
 tylist, 2d pers. st. pves. of tihan, 
 teon (to accuse). 
 
 tyht, tiht, st. m. 1. training, dis- 
 cipline, instruction. — 2.movement, 
 motion. 
 tyhtan, tihtan, w. v. to train, breed, 
 educate, instruct, goad, incite. 
 
 S-tyhtan, 1. to beget. — 2. to 
 lead? lure in? Met. 1: 8. 
 
 for-tyhtan, to mislead, lead as- 
 tray. 
 
 ge-tyhtan, to educate, teach, in- 
 struct. 
 on-tyhtan, to urge on, incite. 
 tyhd, Sdpers. sg.pres. of tiharr,t£ou. 
 tyllan, w. v. in 
 
 for-tyllan, to lead astray, mis- 
 lead. Cri. 270. 
 tyllan. See til (fit). 
 tyma, tyman. See tenia, teman. 
 tympanum, n. tympanum, 
 tyn. See ten. 
 tynan, w. v. in 
 
 S-tynan, to shut off or out. 
 be-, bi-tynan, to hedge about, 
 inclose, close up; bury. 
 
 ge-tynan, to shut or close in, 
 to bury. 
 
 on-tynan, to unclose, open, re- 
 veal, unveil. 
 un-tynan, the same as above. 
 tynan, w. v. to grieve, insult, trouble. 
 tyne, tyr, tyrf. See ten, tir, turf, 
 tytan, w. v. to sparkle, shine, 
 tyd, tyda, ty dian. See tld, tida, 
 tidian. 
 
 pa, 1. adv. 'there, then. — 2. conj. as, 
 inasmuch as, if, when, since. 
 
 pa, pa. See past (pron.), paw. 
 
 Jaeeo, st. n. thatch, roof. (Ger. dach.) 
 
 pash, paem, pasnne. See peah, paet, 
 (pron.), peam, panne. 
 
 paer, par, per, 1. adv. & conj. of place : 
 there, yonder. — 2. where, there. 
 3. thither. — 4. whither. — 5.thither- 
 where. — II. represents demonstra- 
 
 tives and relative pronouns in 
 union with (postponed) preposi- 
 tions. — III. conj. with subj. & indie. 
 if, though. 
 
 paera, pasre, pass, pass. See paet, 
 (pron.), pes. 
 
 paet (m, se, /. s§o, slo), that: gen. 
 m. & n. pass, pes ; dat, m. & n. pSm, 
 paem, pan, pon; gen. & dat. f. 
 paere, pare, para (Ps.C. 34),peTe; 
 
best — pancol 
 
 213 
 
 ace. m. bane, basne, bone, /. ba, 
 n. b33t; instr. m. & n. by, bi, be 
 pi. nom. & ace. m. & /. ba, «, ba 
 </en. m. & /. para, basra, beara 
 rfat. m. &/. & /t. bam, Jpaeni, pern, 
 ban, bon. — I. ad/, before a noun 
 (as unaccented demons, or article : 
 a relative in subordinate clause 
 may refer to it). — II. sula. 1. de- 
 monstrative: phrases: gen. sg. n. 
 pass, on this account, therefore, 
 for this, since; bass, be, see pe; 
 bass (before adj. & adv.), to that 
 degree, that, so; t6 baes, see to, 
 ir. gen.; dat. sg. n. bi (be) bam, 
 bon, thereon, therein; Sac bam 
 (ban, bon), in addition to this, 
 besides this, as also, moreover; 
 asr bon be (coiy.), ere, before; 
 asfter bam (bin, bon), after, later, 
 next, in or after that fashion; for 
 bam (basm, ban, bon), therefore, 
 on that or this account, for this 
 reason ; for bam be, for, because ; 
 ful neah bon, almost, nearly; on 
 bam, in or on that, therein, thereon; 
 on ban be, in this, in that; sid- 
 dam, — sithence, since, see sid- 
 dan; instr.n. eefter by.af ter (that), 
 later ; by, on this account, by that, 
 therefore ; the (with comparatives, 
 the more, &c. ) — 2. relative : by at- 
 traction or ellipsis of be, bast be- 
 comes both relative and eonj.: (a.) 
 ellipsis of the relative be; gen. sg. 
 bees (for bass be : Gen. 456) ; dat. 
 bam (=bain be: Sch. 9); gen. 
 pi. bara (=bara be: Hy. 4: 23); 
 ace. pi. bS (=ba (= ba J)e: Dan. 
 125). — (6.) ellipsis of the eonj.: 
 bass = bass be, for this, for that, 
 because (Wald. 1: 26); as far as, 
 as (Dan. 648); to bass (=to bass 
 be), thither where (whither) ; for 
 bam (=for bam be), for this rea- 
 son that, for, because; sei bani 
 (= eer para, be), ere, before ; sid- 
 
 dam (=siddan be), after, when; 
 t>y (=by be), by this, by that, be- 
 cause (Bid. 10: 12); that, in order 
 that (B. 242), because, as if; by 
 lass (cob/.), that not, lest: see 
 lass; for by ( = for by be), for 
 this reason that, for, because. 
 
 bast, eonj. that, so that, in order 
 that; bast be, that. 
 
 bastte=bast be: I.pron. tliat which. 
 II. con/, that, so that, in order 
 that. 
 
 bafian, w. v. to submit to, yield, ac- 
 cede, agree, permit. 
 
 ge-bafian.to allow, permit, grant, 
 approve, effect ; endure. 
 
 bam, ban. See bst (pron.). 
 
 ban, bon, «<7u. 1. thence, from that 
 point or time (B. 2423). — 2. in neg. 
 clauses w. comparative = in com- 
 parison with, beginning from that 
 point. — 3. inasmuch as, when (Seel. 
 j Ex. 42; Gen. Ex. 42, 108). 
 ! banan, banon, bonan, bonon, adv. 
 ]_ thence, from there, from that 
 time. — 2. from where, whence. — 
 3. of that, though that, thereof, 
 therethrough (Ps. 67-. 3). — 4. tem- 
 poral: than, thereupon, hence- 
 forth. 
 
 bananne,banonne,g(fo.froni thence, 
 thence. Jud. 13. 
 
 banc, bone, st. m. 1. thought, reflec- 
 tion, sentiment. — 2. grace, favor, 
 pardon (Gen. 796; Ps. 101: 15).— 
 3. satisfaction with or pleasure in 
 something. — 4. thanks. — 5. re- 
 ward, recompense (Gu. 442). 
 
 banc-hyegende, part, thoughtful, 
 full of thought, considerate. 
 
 bancian, boncian, «-. ( . to thank, 
 recompense, reward. (Gen. 2689.) 
 ge-bancian, to thank. 
 
 bancol, boncol, adj. thoughtful, con- 
 siderate, cautious, wise. 
 
 bancol-, boncol-mdd, adj. the same 
 as above. 
 
214 
 
 pane — pegan 
 
 pane-, ponc-snottor, adj. wise, pru- 
 dent, ingenious. 
 
 panciing, st. f. thanking, thanks- 
 giving. 
 
 pane-, ponc-wyrde, adj. thank- 
 worthy(worthy of thought),agree- 
 able. 
 
 panne, paenne, ponne, 1. adv. then, 
 there, thereupon, thereafter,henee- 
 forth; but, then, on the contrary, 
 to be sure; — in the main clause 
 the adv. ponne (then) corresponds 
 to the conj. ponne (if) or gif in 
 the subord. clause : it is sometimes 
 found in broken discourse (anaco- 
 louthon); in questions, ponne = 
 then (Lat. nam.) — II. conj. 1. tem- 
 poral: w.indic.&i swi/.when(quum), 
 as, when (quando), how long, so 
 long as, as. — 2. in comparative 
 clauses — than; often ponne p£et 
 (w. subj.) than that; or ponne 
 ponne, ponne gif (w. indie, or 
 subj.), than when, than if; so after 
 gellce, ungelice, &c. Sometimes 
 the compar. is wanting in main 
 clause. (B. 70; Exod. 337, &c.) 
 
 panon, panonne, par, para, pas ( j>Z). 
 See panan, pananne, pasr, past, 
 (pron.), pes, paw. 
 
 peiw, st. m. slave, servant. 
 
 pawenian, ic. v. in 
 
 ge-pawenian, (to thaw), to 
 moisten, bedew, water. 
 
 pe, indecl. ret. particle. — I. represents 
 rel. pron. in all eases, sg. & pi., 
 alone or with a demons.; verb is 
 usually in sg. after pSra pe, of 
 those that. — pe is often associated 
 by attraction with pers. pron.: pe 
 ic, I (Cri. 792); pe we, we (Cri. 25); 
 pe he iisic, us, that he (B. 2638); 
 pe pu, thou (Ho. 126); pu pe.thou 
 that (Ps. 79: 1); pe he (Ps. 67: 4); 
 pe hgo (Jud. 6); pe his, whose, 
 of whom (Ps. Th. 39: 4); pe pu 
 his, whose, of whom, than (Ps. 79 : 
 
 14); se pe his, he, whose, of whom 
 (Sat. 283); pe him, to whom (Seh. 
 66); pe io him, to whom I (Wid. 
 133), &e. — Pronouns of 1st and 2d 
 pers. sometimes fall out: thus, 
 pe=pe io (Bid. 28: 16); pe=pe 
 pu (Hy. 10: 2); pe = pe ge (El. 
 577). — II. conj. 1. that, because. — 
 Phrases : pses pe, that (Gen. 1469), 
 for that that, because (Gen. 77); 
 in so far, as (Cri. 74) ; since, after 
 (Jud. 13); on pan pe, in this that 
 (Ps. 118: 7); wid pSn pe, against 
 this that, in opposition to (Ps. 118 : 
 59); ser pon pe, ere, before (Jud. 
 252); for pim pe, for this reason 
 that, for, because (Dan. 226); py~ 
 pe, because (Dan. 85). — 2. or (Cri. 
 1307) ; pe — pe, either — or.— 3. 
 than (after comparatives: Dan. 
 264); the (=Ger. je), (Met. 10: 20). 
 4. stands for peer (where), in El. 
 717); to paes'pe, thither where 
 (B. 714); 6d pe, up to, until (B. 
 649); pgah pe. See p6ah. 
 
 pe, peo, pS. See pu, past (pron.): 
 
 peccan, -ean, w. v. (to cover up?), 
 to eat, consume. 
 
 peccan, w. v. (pret. pehte, peahte; 
 
 part, peaht), to thatch, bedeck, 
 
 cover, cover over. 
 
 be-, bi-peccan, same as above. 
 
 ge-peccan, the same as above. 
 
 ofer-peccan, the same as above. 
 
 peccend, part. & subs, protector, de- 
 fender. 
 
 pecele, w. f. torch. [roof. 
 
 pecen, st. f. thatch, cover, covering, 
 
 pecgan, id. v. in 
 
 S-pecgan, to take up or in. 
 ge-pecgan, to use up, consume. 
 of-pecgan, to snatch or take off 
 or away. 
 
 pegan (?), to accept, take? (Gu.140). 
 
 pegan, w. o. in 
 
 ge-pegan, to use up, consume. 
 (Cri. 1510.) 
 
pegen — peana 
 
 215 
 
 pegen, pegn, pen, st. m. thane, man, 
 liegeman, feudal vassal, knight. 
 
 pegenlice, adv. in knightly or manly 
 fashion, valiantly. 
 
 pegn-scipe, st. in. 1. thaneship, feud- 
 al service, service. — 2. manliness. 
 Gen. 836. 
 
 pegn-sorg, st. f. thane-sorrow, grief 
 for the loss of one's men. 
 
 pegn-weorud, st. ». thane-troop, 
 followers. 
 
 pegn. See pegen (thane). 
 
 pegnian, pgnian, w. v. to serve, at- 
 tend, wait on. 
 
 ge-pegnian, the same as above. 
 
 pegnung, st. f. serving, service. 
 
 pegon, pret. pi. of picgan (to take). 
 
 pegn, st. f. reception. [Used only 
 in compounds.] 
 
 p§h. See pgah (though, yet). 
 
 pehte. See peocan (to deck). 
 
 pel, st. re.; pelu, st. f. deal- (boards). 
 [Used only in compounds.] 
 
 pell-fassten, st. ». fastness made of 
 deal-boards, ship, ark. 
 
 pel-trgo-w, st. re. tree ? Hy. 11 : 4. 
 
 pen. See pegen (thane). 
 
 pencan, -ean, w. v. (pret. pohte), 
 to think, be of a mind, remember, 
 intend, fancy, opine, recollect, re- 
 flect upon. 
 
 a-pencan, 1. to think out, in- 
 vent, conceive. — 2. to remember, 
 intend, wish. B. 2643. 
 
 bi-pencan, to think upon or 
 over, ponder, remember, be mind- 
 ed about; to care, be apprehen- 
 sive, anxious. 
 for-pencan, to mistrust. 
 ge-pencan, 1. to think. — 2. to 
 think upon, ponder, take to heart. 
 3. to remember, be mindful. — 4. 
 to think out, invent. — 5. to intend, 
 wish, 
 geond-pencan, to think through 
 
 ymbe-bencan, to think about, 
 consider. Met. 10 : 4. 
 
 pencan (?). Wy. 43. 
 
 penden, pendan, pendon, pynden, 
 I. conj., w. indie, & subj. during, 
 whilst, so long as, until. — II. adv. 
 meanwhile, in the interval. 
 
 pengel, st. to. prince, lord. 
 
 penian. See pegnian (to serve). 
 
 pgnian, pennan, w. v. (cf. thin), to 
 stretch, extend, draw out, stretch 
 forth. 
 
 S-penian, the same as above. 
 be-pennan, to span, stretch on 
 or upon. 
 
 per. See pasr (there). 
 
 perscan, st. abl. v. I. to thresh, beat, 
 strike. 
 
 persc-wald. See pyrsc-wold. 
 
 pes, pSos (pios) , pis, adj. & subs. pror,. 
 this; nom. sg. in. pes; /. peos, 
 pios; re. pis, pys; gen. m. & n. 
 pisses, pysses, pises; dat. m. & n. 
 pissum,pyssum,peossum,pisum, 
 pysum,pisson,pysson,pisan,pys- 
 san ; gen. & dat. f. pisse, pysse ; 
 ace. to. pisne, pysne; /. pas; re. 
 pis; instr. m. & n. pys, pis; nom. 
 & ace. pi. to. & f. pts, p^s ; gen. 
 pissa, pyssa; dat. pissum, pys- 
 sum, pysum, piossum. 
 
 p6wan. See pgowan (to crush). 
 
 peah, paeh, pgh, 1. adv. though, 
 yet,nevertheless, notwithstanding ; 
 sw«i, se peah, nevertheless, how- 
 ever. — 2. conj., w. indi-c., & subj. 
 though, although: (so p§ah pe). 
 
 peaht, st /. 1. afterthought, reflec- 
 tion, thought (El. 1242).— 2. ad- 
 vice, counsel. 
 
 peahtian, w. v. to think over, weigh, 
 ponder. 
 
 pgam, peem, st. m. steam, vapor? 
 Sat. 179. 
 
 peana, adv. nevertheless, yet ; — swS 
 peana, yet though, however. 
 
216 
 
 peara — peon 
 
 peara, pearf. See past, purfan (to 
 
 need). 
 pearf, st. f. 1. need; necessaries. — 
 
 2. use, utility, profit, advantage. 
 
 3. privation, need, want (Gen. 503). 
 
 4. need, distress, misery, 
 pearfa, w. m. needy one, pauper, beg- 
 gar. 
 
 pearfende, part, the same as above. 
 
 pearfendlic, adj. needy, miserable. 
 
 pearfian, w. v. to starve, be in need, 
 want. 
 
 ge-pearfian, to impose compul- 
 sion, necessity, or force upon. 
 
 pearflice, adv. according to need or 
 necessity? carefully? Met. 1: 60. 
 
 pearl, adj. violent, strict, harsh, vig- 
 orous, bold. 
 
 bearle,<Kfo.violently,very,extremely. 
 
 bearllc, adv. harsh, violent, grievous. 
 
 bearl-mod, adj. harsh-minded, of 
 violent spirit. 
 
 bgaw, st. m. (thew), custom, habit, 
 usage. 
 
 beaw-faest, adj. virtuous, moral, hon- 
 orable. 
 
 beo. See b€od, beoh, beow. 
 
 bSod, biod, st. f. folk, population, 
 nation; — in pi. also people. 
 
 peod, st. f. training, rearing, chas- 
 tisement? Az. 171; Gn. Ex. 18. 
 
 beodan, blodan, piedan, pydan, 
 w. v. in 
 
 ge-beodan, to associate with, 
 join; to give up or away. 
 6d-beodan, to separate, sever. 
 under-beodan, to subjugate, to 
 subject. 
 
 peod-bealu, st. n . misfortune affect- 
 ing a whole people ; general mis- 
 fortune. 
 
 peod-buend, part. & subs, earth- 
 inhabiter, human being. 
 
 peod-cwgn, st. f. people's queen. 
 
 pgod-cyning, st. m. people's king, 
 king of nations, God. Seel. 12. 
 
 peod-egsa, w. m. people's terror, 
 general or great terror. 
 
 beoden, pioden, st. m. people's lord, 
 king (temporal and eternal). 
 
 peoden-ge-dal, st. n. separation 
 from one's lord (through his death). 
 
 beoden-hold, adj. pleasing to or 
 well-disposed toward one's lord. 
 
 peoden-leas, adj. lordless, bereft of 
 one's lord. 
 
 peoden-madum, -madm,x«. m. jewel 
 orgift given by the chief to his men. 
 
 pSoden-stol, st. m. prince's stool, 
 throne. 
 
 peod-fruma, «?. m. prince of the 
 people or of nations. 
 
 peod-ge-str§on, st. n. people's treas- 
 ure, great treasure. 
 
 peod-guma, w. m. man of the people. 
 
 peod-here, st. m. host, army of the 
 people. 
 
 bSodisc, st. n. speech, language. 
 Cf. Deutsch. 
 
 peod-land, st. n. folk's land, neigh- 
 borhood, province. 
 
 pgod-maegen, st. n. folk's might, 
 power, host, cohort, division.. 
 
 beod-mearc, st. m. folk's march, 
 section, division of land, land. 
 
 peod-sceada, w. m. folk-scather, 
 foe of the people, robber. 
 
 peod-scipe, st m. 1. folk, population. 
 2. assembly, company, community 
 (Jul. 178). — 3. discipline, training, 
 administration, constitution, law. 
 
 peod-stefn, st. m. tribe, nation. 
 
 pSod-pre"a, st. m. & n. misery cf the 
 people, general distress. 
 
 p§od-wiga, w. m. popular hero. 
 
 p6od-wundor, st. n. people's won- 
 der, great marvel. 
 
 pgof, st m. thief, robber. 
 
 beoh, b§o, st n. thigh, hip. 
 
 p§on, plon, st abl. v. VI. to thrive, 
 grow, grow up, prosper, be profit- 
 able, advantageous, able. 
 
p§on — ping 
 
 217 
 
 ge-Jaeon, to thrive, prosper, 
 
 grow (up), increase, grow in power 
 
 and influence. [cessful. 
 
 niis-peou, to thrive ill, be unsuc- 
 on-peon, to grow forth, grow, 
 
 escape, thrive, stand successfully, 
 peon, w. v. to commit, perform, ex- 
 ecute. 
 ge-peon, the same as above, 
 peon, p§o-nyd. See pSowan, 
 
 peownyd. 
 p6os. See pes (this), 
 peoster, pyster, p§ostru, piostru, 
 
 (of. Ger. duster), st. n. & f. dark- 
 ness, gloom, obscurity. 
 peoster-cofa, w. m. dark space or 
 
 room, 
 pgoster-loca, w. m. dark look-up, 
 
 hold; custody. 
 peostre, pystre, adj. dark, gloomy, 
 
 obscure; sad, mournful. 
 peossum. See pes (this), 
 peotan, st. abl. v. VI: 1. to howl. — 
 
 2. to be noisy, rave, rage, roar. 
 
 Bid. 39: 4. 
 p§ow, p§o, st. m. slave, servant; 
 
 arranger, disposer. 
 p§ow, adj. slavish, servile, 
 peowa, piowa, w. m. slave, servant, 
 peowan, peon, pywan, pyan, p§- 
 
 wan, piwan, w. v. to crush, push, 
 
 urge, oppress, check. 
 for-pSon, to press out, crush, 
 
 suppress, oppress. 
 ge-p§owan, to press, crush, 
 
 push, oppress, overwhelm, check, 
 
 crush down. 
 piowan, to. v. to serve, wait on. 
 pgow-dom, st. m. service, servitude, 
 
 slavery. 
 pgowe, w.f. maid, female servant. 
 pgowen, st. f. the same as above. 
 pSowene, w. f. the same as above. 
 pSowet, peowot, st. m. & n. service 
 
 (general or menial). 
 pgowian, piowian, to. v. to serve, 
 
 minister, help, assist. 
 
 peow-meimen, st. n. maid, female 
 servant. 
 
 peow-ngd, -nyd, st. f. slavery, serv- 
 itude. 
 
 piece, adj. thick, close, dense. 
 
 piece, adv. 1. thickly, closely, richly. 
 2. frequently. Gen. 684. 
 
 picgan, -ean, st. abl. c. III. to take, 
 touch, appropriate, eat, accept, 
 receive. 
 
 ge-picgan, the same as above, 
 od-picgan, to withdraw, snatch 
 or take away. 
 
 picgan, pyegan, to. r. to take, ac- 
 cept, appropriate, eat. 
 
 piclice, adv. frequently. 
 
 pider, pyder, adv. thither. 
 
 pider-weard, adv. thitherward. 
 
 pigde, jwei. of w. v. picgan (to take). 
 
 pigen, pin, st. f. 1. eating, consump- 
 tion of food. — 2. food. 
 
 pignen, pinen, st. f. maid, female 
 servant. 
 
 pihan, st. abl. v. V. to thrive, grow, 
 increase, progress, succeed, help, 
 benefit. (Ger. deihen.) 
 
 ge-pihan, the same as above. 
 on-pihan, w. gen. to derive ben- 
 efit from. 
 
 pihtig, pin. See pyhtig, pfi, pigen. 
 
 pin, pyn, poss. pron. thy, thine. 
 Cf. pu. 
 
 pine, pincg, pincan. See J>ing, 
 pyncan. 
 
 pindan, st. abl. v. I. to swell, swell 
 up ; melt, pass away (wrongly, — 
 through confusion between tdbe- 
 seere and tumescerc. Ps. Ill: 9; 
 118: 158. 
 
 a-pindan, to swell (up), increase; 
 melt, pass away. 
 
 pinen. See pignen (maid). 
 
 ping, pincg, pine, st. n. 1. thing, 
 object, venture, deed, enterprise, 
 event; one's affairs, condition, cir- 
 cumstances ;— aslces pinges, enT 
 tirely, in every regard ; — naenige 
 
218 
 
 pingan — prsed 
 
 pinga, in no regard, by no means. 
 2. thing, assembly, judicial assem- 
 bly. — 3. instr. pi. pingum, power- 
 fully, violently. 
 
 pingan, st. cibl. v. I. to thrive, pros- 
 per, have repute. 
 
 ge-pingan, to wax, grow, thrive, 
 increase (in power, authority, &e.) 
 ofer-pingan (?), to outwit, over- 
 come, vanquish. 
 
 on-pingan, to grow out of or 
 forth from, to escape, endure suc- 
 cessfully. 
 
 pingan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-pingan, 1. to negotiate, treat 
 (for), to seek help and support 
 (to, at, from. B. 1837).— 2. to 
 prescribe, institute, appoint. — 3. 
 to resolve, include, design, pur- 
 pose, undertake. D6m. 5. 
 
 ping-ge-mearc, st. n. marking off or 
 characterizing a certain thing; — 
 reckoning of time, chronology. 
 
 pingian, w. v. 1. to. dat. (G-er. dingen), 
 to beg, pray, ask, intercede for. — 
 2. w. ace. to conciliate, smooth 
 over, lay aside, expiate, atone for; 
 feo (compound with money. B. 156, 
 470). — 3. to speak, make a public 
 speech. — 4. to sojourn, dwell ? 
 Sat. 447. 
 
 ge-pingian, 1. intrans. to beg, 
 ask, supplicate pardon or grace 
 (Jul. 198). — 2. to. dat. to pray, beg, 
 ask, intercede for (Cri. 342). — 3. to 
 reconcile (Jul. 717). — 4. to smooth 
 over or appease a quarrel (Cri.616). 
 5. to unite, conclude a treaty (Gn. 
 Ex. 57). — 6. to conclude, purpose, 
 design. Sat. 598. 
 
 ping-raaden, st. f. 1. mediation, in- 
 tercession, intervention. — 2. bride- 
 wooing? Jul. 126. 
 
 ping-stede, st. m. thing-place, as- 
 sembly or place of parliament. 
 
 pinne. See pynne (thin). , 
 
 pinra? Met. 16: 8. 
 
 pirel, pirsced, pirst, pis, pis, pisa, 
 pisan, pises. See pyrel, perscan, 
 pyrst, pes. 
 
 pisla, w. m. pole (of a wagon), thill, 
 shaft. Met. 28:10. (Ger. deichsel. ) 
 
 pisne, pissa, pissan, pisse, pisses, 
 pisson, pissum, pisum, pisllc, 
 pistrian, plwan. See pes, pyslic, 
 pystrian, peowan. 
 
 pledan. See peodan. 
 
 plod, piodan, pioden, piodisc.pion, 
 pios, plestro, piotan, piowa, pio- 
 wian. See peod, peodan, peo- 
 den, peodisc, peon, pes, peostor, 
 peotan, peowa, peowian. 
 
 pohte, pret. of pencan (to think). 
 
 polian, w. v. 1. w. ace. to thole, en- 
 dure, suffer, bear; — to grant, al- 
 low, admit, permit (Gen. 597). — 
 2. w. gen. to do without, dispense 
 with. — 3. intrans. to persevere, 
 persist, stand out. 
 
 a-polian, to vanish, pass away, 
 for-polian, to dispense with, do 
 without. 
 
 ge-polian, 1. to thole, endure, 
 suffer, fear. — 2. to await patiently, 
 persevere. — 3. w. gen. to do with- 
 out, dispense with. Sat. 237. 
 
 pon, ponan, ponou, pone, pone-, 
 poncian, poncol, ponne. See 
 pan, panan, pane, pancian, pan- 
 col, panne. 
 
 porn, st. m. thorn; — also, name for 
 the Rune p. 
 
 pracu, st. f. onrush, attack, pressure, 
 fury, conflict. 
 
 prase-heard, adj. valiant in combat, 
 strong in battle. 
 
 praec-hwll, st. f. time of combat or 
 misery. 
 
 praec-rof, adj. able or strenuous in 
 fight. 
 
 prase-wig, st. m. violent combat. 
 
 prseo-, prec-wudu, st. m. battle- 
 wand, spear. 
 
 praM, st. m. thread. 
 
preeft — {nines 
 
 219 
 
 preeft, st. «. loquacity, garrulous- 
 ness ; — eagerness to contend or 
 quarrel. 
 
 praegan, w. v. to run, move swiftly, 
 race. 
 
 praestan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-praestau, to trouble, grieve, 
 oppress. 
 
 prafian, w. v. to shove, crowd, press, 
 urge. 
 
 prag, prah, st. f. 1. course, running, 
 race(Kid.82: 4; Ph.68).— 2. course 
 or space of time, time; order or 
 condition of things, fate; bad 
 time(s), (B. 2883).— Phrases: ace. 
 sg. prage, some time, long time; 
 ealle prage, all the time, contin- 
 ually; — lytle plage, for a little 
 time; — instr. pi. pragum, some 
 time, at times, sometimes. 
 
 prag-bysig, adj. busy with, engaged 
 in, fond of running (?). 
 
 prag-maelum, adv. from time to 
 time, at times. 
 
 prec, premma, presc-wald. See 
 praecwudu, pyrmma,pyrscwold. 
 
 prea, st. m.,f., & n. menace, threat, 
 invective, attack, oppression, dis- 
 turbance, terror, evil, need, mis- 
 fortune. 
 
 prgagan, prean, w. v. to threaten, 
 menace, attack, scold, chastise, 
 torture. 
 
 ge-prean, to torture, torment, 
 chastise, oppress, press. 
 
 prealic, adj. terrible, threatening, 
 calamitous. 
 
 pr6a-nyd, -nled, -ned,' st. f. (n.?), 
 crushing necessity, misery, need, 
 distress, calamity, danger. 
 
 prea-nydlic, -niedlic, adj. the same 
 as above. 
 
 prea-nydla, -niedla, -nedla, w. m. 
 misery, violence, distress, oppo- 
 sition. 
 
 pr§t, st. f. the same as above. Cf . 
 threat. 
 
 pr§at, st. m. crowd, troop, band, 
 force. 
 
 treat (?), part of a loom. Kid. 36: 6. 
 
 preatiau, w. v. to fall upon, attack, 
 press, press forward,oppress,cause 
 misery to, force. 
 
 ge-preatian, the same as above. 
 
 pr§a-weorc, st. n. tribulation, mis- 
 ery, deed of oppression. 
 
 preo. See pri (three). 
 
 preodian, prydjan, w. v. to think 
 over, reflect upon, cogitate, pon- 
 der. 
 
 preohtig,a<i;.persistent,persevering, 
 laborious. 
 
 preo-niht, st. f. period of three 
 nights. Cf . fortnight. 
 
 preora, gen. of pri (three). 
 
 preostru, priostru, prystrn, st. f. or 
 st. n. pi. (Lat. tristisf), gloom, 
 darkness. 
 
 preotan, st. dbl. v. VI. in 
 
 a-preotan, 1. impers. to produce 
 annoyance or disgust ; to be weary 
 or disgusted. — 2. pers. to be weary 
 of or disgusted with something. 
 
 preo-tene, -tyne, num. thirteen. 
 
 preo-teoda, preot-teoda, num. adj. 
 thirteenth. 
 
 preowan, st. all. v. VI. in 
 
 a-preowan, to excite, stir up, 
 press out, spill, shed? An. 1427. 
 
 preowian. See prowian. 
 
 pA, prie, brio, pria, preo, pry, num. 
 three ; — nom. & ace. m. pri, pry ; 
 /. pre"o; n. pr§o, prio, pria; — 
 gen. priora, preora; dat. prim, 
 prym. 
 
 priccan. See pryecan (to crush). 
 
 pridda, num. adj. third. 
 
 pri-, prie-feald, adj. threefold. 
 
 prim, prim. See prym, pri (three). 
 
 prindan, printan, st. dbl. v. I. to be 
 swelled, swollen up. 
 a-printan, the same as above. 
 
 brl-, pry-nes, st.f. threeness, trinity. 
 
223 
 
 bringaiv — brystru 
 
 pringan, sL all. ». -I. to throng, 
 
 press, press on, move violently; 
 ' to - hurry, hasten, break forth; — 
 
 also w. ace. to urge, crowd, crowd 
 . upon. Luc. 8 : 45 ; Marc, 5 : 24-31. 
 a-Jjringan, 1. to crowd or throng 
 
 out, push out. — 2. to rush forth, 
 
 break out. 
 ast-bringan, to snatch or take 
 
 away, extort from. 
 
 be-, bi-pringan, to crowd, urge, 
 
 press on from all sides, surround. 
 for-pringan, to extort, press out 
 
 of, take from, defend against. 
 ge-JJiingan, 1. intrans. to throng, 
 
 press, press one's self, hurry. — 
 
 2. w. ace. to press, oppress, press 
 
 out of, extort, overcome. — 3. to 
 
 swell up (Wid. 84: 2). 
 Qn-biingan, 1. to press on or 
 
 forward.- — 2. to be or become 
 
 moved, to move. Gu. 1300. 
 od-pringan, to force or press 
 
 out of, from, take away. 
 to-bringan, to press in two or to 
 
 pieces, to drive asunder. 
 
 ymb-jDringan, to press around, 
 
 throng about, 
 brintan. See brindan (to swell). 
 bri-rgdre-cebl, st. m. galley with 
 
 three banks of oars, trireme. 
 brist, brlste, adj. bold, daring, rash, 
 
 confident, resolute, audacious. 
 briste, adv. the same as above. 
 brist-hycgende, part, bold of spirit, 
 
 valiant-minded. 
 prlst-hydig, adj. the same as above, 
 brlstlice, adv. boldly, daringly. 
 bri-tig, brit-tig, num. thirty, 
 brid, bridu. See bryd (strength). 
 briwa, adv. thrice. 
 bria, brie, prio, briostru. See bri, 
 
 breostru. 
 broht, st. m. effort, exertion, trouble, 
 
 difficulty, 
 broht, adj. difficult, dire, trouble- 
 some, tormenting. 
 
 broht-heard, adj. 1. strong in endur- 
 . ing, able to bear torture ( patient. 
 2. hard to bear. An. 1141. 
 
 brosm, st. m. steam, fume, vapor, 
 smoke. 
 
 browere, st. m. endurer, martyr. 
 
 browian, breowian, w. v. to endure, 
 bear, suffer. 
 ge-browian, the same as above. 
 
 browing, browung, s t. f. suffering, 
 passion, throe, endurance. 
 
 bry. See bri (three). 
 
 brycean, briccan, (Ger. driiclccn), 
 
 w.v. 1. trans, to crush (Met. 4 : 38). 
 
 2. intrans. to press, urge (Gu. 256). 
 
 bi-bryccan, to beerush, crush 
 
 down, oppress. 
 
 for-bryccan, the same as above. 
 of-bryccan, the same as above. 
 
 brydian. See breodian (to reflect on) 
 
 brydig, adj. heedful, thoughtful, con- 
 siderate. 
 
 brym, prim, st. m. 1. (properly) 
 noisy troop, band, multitude, 
 host, chorus. — 2. noise, uproar, 
 tumult, storm, violence. — 3. 
 might, power, strength, ability. — 
 4. glory, beauty, majesty, bril- 
 liancy. — 5. the Glorious (epithet 
 of God). 
 
 brym-oyme, st. m. glorious coming, 
 arrival. 
 
 brym-cyning, st. m. king of glory, 
 God. 
 
 brym-fa5St, adj. glorious, illustrious, 
 noble, mighty, able. 
 
 brym-ful, adj. the same as above. 
 
 brymlic, adj. the same as above. 
 
 brymlice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 brymma, w. m. brave man, hero. 
 
 brym-sittende, pret. throned in glo- 
 ry, dwelling in heaven. 
 
 brynes. See brines (trinity). 
 
 brysman, w. v. in 
 
 aVbrysman, to suffocate, stifle 
 with smoke; to cover over. 
 
 brystru. See breostru (darkness). 
 
pry & — pweorian 
 
 221 
 
 pryd, prid, prydu, pridu, st. f. 
 
 strength, power, might,abundance, 
 
 excellence, glory, splendor. 
 pryd-sern, st. u. glorious house, 
 
 king's palace. 
 pryd-bearn, st. n. strong son, youth. 
 pryd-bord, st. «. strong shield. 
 pryd-oyning, st. m. king of glory. 
 pryd-full, adj. strong, brave, 
 pryd-ge-steald, st. n. great wealth, 
 
 splendid dwelling. 
 prydian, v>. v. in 
 
 ge-prydian, to invigorate, to 
 
 strengthen, harden, temper? Ph. 
 
 486. 
 prydllc, adj. noble,excellent, valiant, 
 pryd-swid, -swyd, adj. strong and 
 
 powerful. — ["great pain or grief." 
 
 Grein.] 
 prydu, -prydo. See pryd (might). 
 pryd-weorc, st. ». strong or firm 
 
 piece of 'work, fortification. 
 pryd-word, st. n. chosen word, ex- 
 cellent speech, 
 puj pron. thou; gen. pin; flat, pe; 
 
 aec. pec, pe. 
 puf, st. m. flag, pennant, field-ensign. 
 puhte, pret. of pyncan (to seem), 
 puncan, w. v. in 
 
 be-puncan, to trouble one's self 
 
 about, to care, 
 punian, w. v. 1. (ef. Ger. dehnen), to 
 
 stretch,- extend, swell, strut. — 2. 
 
 to thunder, roar, groan, crash, 
 on-punian, to swell up, move 
 
 around? Kid. 41:91. 
 punor, st m. thunder. [der. 
 
 punor-rad-stefn, gt.f. voice of thun- 
 punrian, w. v. to thunder. 
 pun-wang, -wange, -wenge, st. ». 
 
 (the) temples of the head, 
 puren. Seepweran(tohammer,&c.) 
 purfan (Ger. dwrferi), pret. pres., in- 
 die. 1, 3. pearl— 2. pearft; pi. 
 
 purfon; szibj. sff. purfe; pi. purfe, 
 
 pyrfen; pret. Jjorfte.— 1. w. inf. 
 
 in neg. clauses = not to need, not 
 
 to require. — 2. w. inf. in affirm, 
 clauses = to need, require, have 
 reason. — 3. w. gen. or acc.= to be 
 in need of, to require. — 4. abso- 
 lutely = to need (Dan. 430). 
 
 be-, bi-purfan, to need, require, 
 be in need of. 
 burn, purg, puruh, Lprep. through- 
 
 I. space : through. — 2. time : 
 through, during. - — 3. means: 
 through,' by means of. — 4. effect- 
 ive cause: in consequence of, in 
 conformity with. — 5. accompany- 
 ing circumstances. — 6. for the 
 sake of, in the name of (w. verbs 
 of begging, asking, conjuring, 
 swearing, &c.) — 7. end or aim: 
 with a view to, in behalf of.- — 
 
 II. adv. through, throughout. 
 purh-hfit, adj. hot through and 
 
 through. 
 burst, st. m. thirst. 
 purstig,«rf>. thirsty ,greedy,desirous. 
 pus, adv. thus, so. 
 pusend, num. thousand, 
 pusend-ge-rim, st. n. calculation by 
 
 thousands, 
 pusend-mselum.atfe. thousand-meal 
 
 or fold; in thousands. 
 pweran, st. abl. v. II. to thicken, 
 
 to render compact by blows; to 
 
 forge, to render malleable, make 
 
 tractable. 
 
 ge-pweran, the same as above, 
 pwerian, pweorian, to. v. in 
 
 ge-pwerian,to soften, reconcile, 
 
 to render accordant, make harmo- 
 nious. 
 pweahan, pwean, st. abl. v. IV. to 
 
 wash, wash off, cleanse. 
 2-pwSan, the same as above. 
 pvrearh,adj, thwart, bent, crooked, 
 
 twisted, cross, 
 pweorh-tgme, -tyme, -time, adj. 
 
 crooked, twisted; — cross, savage, 
 
 truculent, defiant. 
 pweorian. See pwerian (to soften). 
 
222 
 
 pwi tan — unasecgendlic 
 
 pwitan, st. ahl. v. V. to cut out or 
 
 off, to excise. 
 py = pSow, st. m. slave, servant ? 
 
 Gn. Ex. 50. 
 I??, t>y. fcyan. tycgan, pydan, py- 
 
 der. See past (pron.), pe, p§o- 
 
 wan, Jsicgan, peodan, pider. 
 pyhtig, bifltig, adj. doughty, strong, 
 
 able. 
 pyle, st. m. speaker, spokesman, 
 
 leader of the conversation at 
 
 court. 
 pylman, w. v. in 
 
 for-pylman, to surround, shut 
 
 in, inelose. . 
 pyn. Sfte pin (thine). 
 pyncan, pyncean, pincan, (Ger. 
 
 duuken), w. v. (prct. puhte), to 
 
 seem, appear. Cf. methinks. 
 ge-pyncan, the same as» above, 
 of-pyncan, to displease, wound, 
 
 insult. 
 pynden. See penden (while, &e.) 
 pynne, ]?innc, adj. thin, 
 pyr, adj. dry, arid. (Ger. dilrr.) 
 pyrel, pyrl, adj. perforated, pierced 
 
 with holes. Cf. nos-tril = nose- 
 
 thyrel. 
 pyrel, St. n. perforation, opening, 
 
 aperture. 
 pyrel-wamb, adj. with pierced belly. 
 pyrl. See pyrel (pierced), 
 pyrnen, adj. thorny, 
 pyrran, w. v. to dry, render dry. 
 
 (Ger. diirren.) 
 pyrs, st. m. giant. 
 pyrsc-wold, perse-, perx-, presc- 
 
 wald, st. m. threshing-wood, 
 
 threshold, 
 pyrst, pirst, st. m. thirst, 
 pyrstan, w. v. to thirst. 
 t>ys. t>y8- See pes (this). 
 pyslic,ad;. thus-like, in this manner, 
 pysne, pyssa, pyssan, pysse, pys- 
 
 ses, pysson, pyssum, pysum. 
 
 See pes. [tre. 
 
 pyster, pystre. See fcSoster, pSos- 
 pystrian, pistrian, w. v. in 
 
 a-pistrian, to darken, obscure, 
 pytan, w. v. in 
 
 • S-pytan, to toot, blow the horn. 
 pywan. See pSowan (to serve). 
 
 u 
 
 ufan, ufon, adv. 1. from above. — 
 2. above. 
 
 ufan-ctind, adj. coming or originat- 
 ing from above. 
 
 ufane, adv. above. 
 
 ufera, compar. adj. later, posterior. 
 
 ■ufe-weard, adj. upward, ascending. 
 
 ufor, adv. higher; later in time, sub- 
 sequent, posterior. 
 
 uht-cearu, st. f. night-grief, sorrow 
 at morn or night. 
 
 iihte, to. f. early morn, morning twi- 
 light, dawn. 
 
 uht-floga, ro. m. flying in the twilight 
 (dawn or dusk). 
 
 nht-hlem, st. m. cry at morn, tumult 
 or conflict at dawn. 
 
 uht-soeada, u\ in. twilight foe, rob- 
 ber in the dark. 
 
 uht-tid, st. f. twilight tide, dawn 
 tide. 
 
 umbor, st. n. young child, babe new- 
 born. 
 
 un-aedele, adj. not noble, not fa- 
 mous. 
 
 un-aga, id. m. unowning, one that 
 owns nothing, poor. 
 
 un-Sr, st. f. unhonor, lack of honor, 
 dishonor. 
 
 un-arllc,a<f;". dishonorable, dishonest. 
 
 un-arlice, adv. 1. dishonorably, dis- 
 honestly. — 2. unmercifully. 
 
 un-a-secgendlic, adj. unspeakable, 
 unutterable. 
 
uniipreotend — ungebly ged 
 
 223 
 
 un-a-preoteiid, part, unwearied, as- 
 siduous, persistent. 
 
 un-a-wendeud, part, unchangeable, 
 unceasing. 
 
 un-a-weiidendlic, same as above. 
 
 un-be-fbhten, part, undisputed, un- 
 impeached. 
 
 un-beted, part, unexpiated (boot- 
 less), uncompensated. 
 
 un-beald, adj. unbold, distrustful, 
 cowardly. 
 
 un-bealu, st. n. innocence. 
 
 un-bi-pyrfe, adj. inactive, useless, 
 idle, vain. 
 
 un-blide, adj. 1. unblithe, joyless. 
 2. unfriendly, unkind. 
 
 un-braece, adj. that can not be 
 broken, infrangible, imperish- 
 able. 
 
 un-bryce, -brace, adj. same as above. 
 
 un-bryce, adj. that can not be used, 
 useless, worthless. Cf. Gev.brauchen 
 
 un-bunden, part, unbound. 
 
 un-bymende, part, not burning. 
 
 unc, uncer. See wit (we two). 
 
 uncer, possess, pron. of or belonging 
 
 to us two. 
 un-ceapunga, adv. gratuitously, 
 
 gratis, without pay. 
 un-clsene, adj. unclean, impure, 
 un-cleennis, st. f. uncleanness. 
 un-cfld, adj. 1. unknown, strange. — 
 
 2. unheard of, unusual (B. 876). — 
 
 3. uncertain, undetermined (Hy. 
 11: 4)'.— 4. unfriendly, unkind, 
 rough, uncouth, unwieldy. 
 
 un-cyst, st. f. mistake, error, crime, 
 loathsomeness. 
 
 un-cyddu, st. f. unknown land, for- 
 eign land. 
 
 un-cydig, adj. 1. ignorant, unac- 
 quainted with(E1.961).— 2. strange, 
 alien, without participation in (Gu. 
 1199). 
 
 under, I. prep., w. dat.,& ace. under, 
 below, beneath.— II. adv. below, 
 underneath. 
 
 un-derne, -dyrne, adj. unconcealed, 
 
 not hidden, well known. 
 un-derne, -dyrne, adv. the same as 
 
 above. 
 underu-msel, st. n. noontide, midday. 
 under-nidemest, adj. superl. adj. 
 lowest of all. 
 
 under-stadol-fasst, adj. unsteady, 
 inconstant, vacillating. 
 
 un-dearninga, -nunga, adv. without 
 concealment, openly. 
 
 un-dyrhe. Seeunderne (well known) 
 
 un-efen, adj. uneven, unlike. 
 
 un-efne, adv. same as above, [arg.) 
 
 un-earg, adj. uncowardly,bold. (Ger. 
 
 un-eade, adj. uneasy, not easy, with 
 difficulty, hard. 
 
 un-fsecne, adj. without cunning or 
 fraud, sincere, honest. 
 
 un-feege, adj. not. "fey,'' not near 
 to death. 
 
 un-faeger, adj. unfair, unlovely, un- 
 lovable. 
 
 un-fssgre, adv. the same as above. 
 
 un-fasle, adj. uncanny, unlovely, not 
 good. 
 
 un-feor, adj. unfar, not far. 
 
 un-flitme, adj. without rival, invin- 
 cible, not to be opposed (B. 1097, 
 1129). 
 
 un-for-cud, adj. not to be despised, 
 not wrong, honorable, noble. 
 
 un-for-cudlice, adv. same as above. 
 
 un-forht, adj. fearless, bold, unter- 
 rified. 
 
 un-fremu, st. f. something deadly or 
 pernicious. 
 
 un-frgondllce, adv. unkindly, in an 
 unfriendly manner. 
 
 un-fricgende, part, uninquiring, not 
 questioning. 
 
 un-fr6d, adj. not aged, young. 
 
 un-from, adj. unfit, unambitious, in- 
 active, not brave. 
 
 un-fyrn, adv. unfar off. soon. 
 
 un-ge-bletsod, part, unblessed. 
 
 un-ge-blyged, part, unterrified. 
 
224 
 
 ungedefelice — unlide 
 
 un-ge-defellce, adv. unduly, unfit- 
 tingly, contrary to right' and cus- 
 tom. 
 
 un-ge-fullod, part, unfulfilled. 
 
 un-ge-leaf, adj. unbelieving. 
 
 un-ge-lic, adj. unlike. 
 
 un-ge-lice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 un-ge-mgde, adj. incompatible, in- 
 tolerant. 
 
 un-ge-met, st. over-measure, excess, 
 superfluity; — adv. gen. sg. unge- 
 metes, and instr. pi. ungemetum, 
 excessively, extremely, very. [ive. 
 
 un-ge-met, adj. immoderate, excess- 
 
 un-ge-met, -gemete, adv. the same 
 as above. 
 
 un-ge-myndig, adj. unmindful, 
 heedless of. 
 
 un-ge-sselig, adj. unhappy, wretched. 1 
 
 un-ge-scead, adv.. undauntedly, in- 
 trepidly, exceedingly. (Ger. unge- 
 Scheldt.) 
 
 un-ge-sewenlic, adj. unseen, in- 
 visible. 
 
 un-ge-sib,ac|/'. unrelated,not trusted, 
 not intimate, not befriended, not 
 familiar. 
 
 un-ge-treow, adj. untrue, faithless. 
 
 un-ge-peod, -beoded, part, un- 
 united, disunited. 
 
 un-ge-wemmed, part, unspotted, un- 
 injured, unblemished. 
 
 un-ge-wyrded, part, uninjured, un- 
 hurt. 
 
 un-geara, adv. 1. not long ago,lately. 
 Cf . yore.— 2. without delay or pro- 
 crastination; shortly, soon. 
 
 un-gearu, adj. unready, unprepared. 
 
 un-gifede, -gyfede, adj. ungiven, 
 not lent, not belonging to. 
 
 un-gifre, adj. mischievous, destruc- 
 tive, pernicious. 
 
 vm-gin, adj. not great or broad (Gu. 
 Ex. 206). 
 
 un-glgaw, adj. not loitering or dil- 
 atory (from reflection), not quick, 
 regardless, reckless? B. 2564. 
 
 un-glSawllce, adv. unwisely, ig- 
 norantly. 
 
 un-gnyde, adj. not niggardly or eco- 
 nomical, not sparing. 
 
 un-god, adj. not good. 
 
 un-grene, adj. ungreen, not green. 
 
 un-grund, adj. without ground or 
 bottom, unfathomable, unmeas- 
 urable. [less. 
 
 un-grynde, adj. groundless, bottom- 1 
 
 un-gyfede. See ungifede (ungiven). 
 
 un-haelu, st. f. unwholesomeness, 
 mischief, destruction. 
 
 un-hal, adj. unhale, unwhole, weak, 
 unsound. 
 
 un-har, adj. hairless, bald. 
 
 un-heore, -More, -hyre, adj. (Ger. 
 ungeheuer), monstrous, unlovely, 
 uncanny, horrible. 
 
 un-heore, -hloie,adi\ same as above. 
 
 un-hl§ow, adj. offering no protection 
 or defense. 
 
 un-hlitme (B. 1129, for unflitme). 
 
 un-hn§aw, adj. not sparing, gen- 
 erous, liberal. 
 
 unhold, adj. ungracious, unfavor- 
 able. (Ger. unhold.) 
 
 unholda, id. m. monster, devil. 
 
 un-hwilen, adj. untemporary, eternal 
 
 un-hydig, adj. unwise, unheedful,- 
 ignorant. 
 
 un-hyldo, s,t. f. disfavor, disgrace. 
 (Ger. tmhidd.) 
 
 un-hyre. See unhgore (horrible). 
 
 un-hydig, adj. profitless, unMoky, 
 unhappy. 
 
 un-lsed, -leede, adj. poor, wretched, 
 unhappy. 
 
 un-leered, part, unlearned.untaught . 
 
 un-laet, adj. unwearied, indefatiga- 
 ble, restive. 
 
 un-land, -lond, st. n. unland, no 
 land; — falsely taken (for land). 
 Wal. 14. 
 
 un-leof, adj. unlief, not dear. 
 
 un-lide, adj. harsh, hard. (Ger. Und.) 
 
unlifigende — unsodfaestnes 
 
 225 
 
 un-lifigende, -lifgende, -lyfigende, 
 part, unliving, lifeless, dead. 
 
 un-lust, st. m. disgust, displeasure, 
 disinclination. 
 
 un-lyt, re. not or no little. 
 
 un-lytel, adj. unlittle, not little, very 
 large. 
 
 un-maeg, st. m. (a) non-relation, 
 stranger, alien. 
 
 un-rnaege, adj. unrelated, not akin. 
 
 un-maele, adj. unspotted, unblem- 
 ished, immaculate. 
 
 un-niceue, adj. uumean, not crim- 
 inal, innocent, pure. 
 
 un-m£ete,arf;.unmeasQred,exoessive, 
 immense, great. 
 
 un-mendlinga, -myndlinga, adv. un- 
 expectedly. 
 
 un-meaht, -mint, st. /. unmight, 
 weakness. 
 
 un-meahtig, -mehtig.a , (/ .unmighty , 
 weak. 
 
 un-mum, adj. careless, untroubled. 
 
 un-murnlice, adj. untroubled, un- 
 mouming, careless, fearless. 
 
 unnan, pret. pres. sg. 1, 3. an, ann, 
 onn. — 2. unne; pi. unnon; pret. 
 ude. — 1. (Ger. gonnen), to grant, 
 give, present, lend. — 2. to be glad 
 to see, to wish, to desire. 
 ge-unnan, the same as above. 
 of-unnan, to begrudge, grudge, 
 
 ■' envy. 
 
 un-neah, adj. unnear, far. 
 
 ■un-nyt, -net, adj. useless, worthless, 
 idle, vain, (Ger. itnniite.) 
 
 un-ofer-swidedjjari.unvanquished, 
 unconquered. 
 
 tin-orne, adj. old, obsolete, wornout, 
 decrepid. 
 
 un-raed.si.m. bad counsel, ill-advised 
 or injurious act, folly. 
 
 un-reeden, adj. the same as above. 
 
 un-reed-sid, st. m. act of folly, fool- 
 ish enterprise. 
 
 un-riht, adj. unright, unjust, wrong. 
 
 un-riht, -ryht, st. n. unright, injus- 
 tice, badness, evil, sin. 
 
 un-riht-d6m, st. m. unrighteousness, 
 wrong. 
 
 un-riht-fgoung, -fioung, st. f. un- 
 righteous hate, hatred. 
 
 un-riht-haemed, st. re. unrighteous 
 connection, adultery, fornication. 
 
 un-rihtlice, adj. unjustly, partially, 
 unrightly. 
 
 un-riht-wls, adj. unrighteous, un- 
 wise, ignorant. 
 
 un-riht-wyrhta, w. m. worker of 
 unright, injustice, sinner. 
 
 un-rlm, st. n. immense number. 
 
 un-rim,rtrf/'. numberless, innumerable 
 
 un-r6t, adj. joyless, sad. 
 
 un-rotnes, st. f. sadness. 
 
 un-ryht. See unriht (unright). 
 
 un-saed, adj. unsated, insatiable. 
 
 un-scelig, adj. 1. unhappy, wretched. 
 2. mischievous, pernicious. Gen. 
 637. 
 
 un-scende, -scynde, adj. not injur- 
 ing, blameless, not to be ashamed 
 of or despised. 
 
 un-sceamig, -scamig, adj. without 
 shame, disgrace, or crime. 
 
 un-sceamlice, -scomlice, adv. un- 
 chastely, dissolutely. 
 
 un-scyldig, adj. innocent, guiltless, 
 debtless. (Ger. unsclmldig.) [less.) 
 
 un-scynde. See unscende (blame- 
 
 un-sl5w, adj. unslow, stirring, 
 active. 
 
 un-snigde, adj. unsmooth, rough. 
 
 un-snyttro, st. f. unwisdom, folly, 
 ignorance. 
 
 un-soden, part, unsodden, not 
 boiled or cooked. 
 
 un-softe, 1. adv. unsoftly, ungently, 
 harshly, bitterly.— 2. with effort, 
 hardly, scarcely. 
 
 un-s6d-feest,ad/'.unjust,unrighteous. 
 
 un-sod-faest-nes, -nys, st. f. injus- 
 tice, unrighteousness. 
 
226 
 
 unspedig — upgemynd 
 
 un-spedig, adj. unfruitful, infertile. 
 
 un-stille,arf/.unstill,unquiet,uneasy. 
 
 un-swsese, adj. unpleasant, disagree- 
 able, ungenial. 
 
 un-sw3eslic,<K?/.ungentle,not sweet, 
 wretched. 
 
 un-swete, adj. unsweet. 
 
 un-sweotule, adj. invisible, unrec- 
 ognizable, indistinct. 
 
 un-swiciende, part, imperishable, 
 untransitory. [ly. 
 
 un-swidor, compar. adv. less violent- 
 
 un-syfre, adj. unclean, untidy, dirty. 
 (G-er. unsauber.) 
 
 un-syfre, adv. the same as above. 
 
 un-syn, adj. unsinning, innocent. 
 
 unsynnig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 un-taele, adj. blameless. 
 
 un-teorig, -tiorig, adj. untiring, un- 
 ceasing. 
 
 un-traglice, adj. without reserve or 
 fraud. 
 
 un-trSow, st. f. untruth, unfaith- 
 fulness. 
 
 un-trSowd, -tryowd, st. f. same as 
 above. 
 
 un-trum, adj. not strong, weak, in- 
 firm. 
 
 un-trymnes, st. f. weakness, feeble- 
 ness, infirmity. 
 
 un-tweo, adj. undoubted. 
 
 un-tweod, part, unwavering, un- 
 vacillating. 
 
 un-tweo-feald, adj. sincere, without 
 duplicity. 
 
 un-tweonde, part, not doubting, un- 
 wavering. 
 
 untyddre, adj. not pliant or flexible, 
 firm, unbending. 
 
 un-tyder, st. m. evil race, race of 
 monsters. B. 111. 
 
 un-panc, st. in. disinclination, aver- 
 sion. 
 
 un-pgaw, st. m. immorality, wicked- 
 ness. 
 
 un-pinged, part, uncalled, unsum- 
 moned, unchallenged. 
 
 un-waclic, adj. unweakly, strong, 
 firm, unyielding. 
 
 un-waclice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 un-waer, adj. unwary, incautious, 
 careless. 
 
 un-waerlice,a(?u. the same as above. 
 
 un-TTEcstm-b^re, adj. unfruitful. 
 
 un-wemme, adj. unblemished, with- 
 out, spot, uninjured. 
 
 un-w6n, adj. unweening, hopeless. 
 
 un-wered, part, unprotected, uncov- 
 ered, unclothed. 
 
 un-wearnum, adv. irresistibly. 
 
 un-weaxen, part, unwaxen, not 
 grown up or full grown. 
 
 un-weord, adj. unworth, not valued, 
 not dear. 
 
 un-willa, w. m. unwillingness. 
 
 un-wis, adj. unwise, ignorant, un- 
 informed. 
 
 un-wlsllce, adv. the same as above. 
 
 un-wita, w. m. unwit, ignoramus. 
 
 un-wiotod, part, unallotted, not de- 
 termined. 
 
 un-wrecen, ■part, unwreaked, un- 
 avenged. 
 
 un-wundod, part, unwounded, not 
 wounded. 
 
 un-wurdlice, adv. unworthily. 
 
 un-wyrde, adj. the same as aboye. 
 
 up, upp, adv. 1. up, upward.— 2. 
 above. — (up, upp?) 
 
 up-cund, adj. originating above, ce- 
 lestial, supernal. 
 
 up-cyme, st. m. upcome, rising, 
 origin, source. 
 
 up-ende, st. m. upper-end; vertex; 
 polar region. 
 
 up-engel, st. in. angel above, angel 
 of heaven. 
 
 up-eard, st. m. upper yard, mansion 
 above, heaven. 
 
 up-gang, st. m. up-going, origin, be- 
 ginning. 
 
 up-ganga, st. m. the same as above. 
 
 up-ge-mynd, st. n. upward-thinking, 
 contemplation of things above. 
 
uphebbe — wacnian 
 
 227 
 
 up-hebbe, id. f. water-hen, coot, 
 fidica chloropus. 
 
 up- lieah,n<?/. uplifted, high, elevated. 
 
 up-heofon, st. m. heaven above. 
 
 up-lang, adj. uplong, upright, erect. 
 
 up-, upplic, adj. above, upper, up- 
 lifted, celestial, supreme. 
 
 up-lyft, st. f. (the lift), upper air, 
 ether. 
 
 upon, adv. from above. 
 
 upp. See up. 
 
 uppan, adv. & prep, upon, over, 
 above; moreover, besides. 
 
 uppe, adj. above, atop, high up, ex- 
 alted. 
 
 uppe, adv. above. 
 
 up-, upp-riht, adj. upright. 
 
 up-rodor, -rador, st. m. upper heav- 
 en, ether, firmament. 
 
 up-stige, st. m. upgoing, ascent, as- 
 cension to heaven. 
 
 up-weg, st. m. way up, ascent. 
 
 up-weard, adj. upward. 
 
 up-weaxdes, adv. upwards. 
 
 ur, adv. once, formerly? Cri. 806; 
 El. 1266. 
 
 fir, st. m. aur, aurochs; also, name 
 of Rune u. 
 
 fire, possess, pron. our, ours. Cf . we. 
 
 firig-federa, adj. dewy-feathered. 
 
 urig-last, adj. leaving moist tracks. 
 
 us, usic, ussic, user, usser. See we 
 (we). 
 
 user, usser, possess. pron. of us, our, 
 
 ours, 
 fit, adv. 1. out (hither or thither). 
 
 2. outside, without. 
 utan. See wutan (let us [go]), 
 utan, litem, adv. outside, without, 
 
 from without. 
 utan-weard, adj. outward, 
 ute, adv. out, without (motion hence. 
 
 Gem. 369; 415). 
 fit-fus, adj. ready to depart, ready to 
 
 sail, 
 fit-gang, st. hi. outgoing, exit, issue. 
 ut-garsecg, st. m. outermost ocean, 
 
 farthest sea. 
 fit-ge-maeru, st. n. pi. extreme or 
 
 outermost limits. 
 fit-land, st. n. (the) outland, foreign 
 
 land(s). 
 fit-myne, st. m. striving outward, 
 
 toward the outside (?). 
 uton. See wutan (let us £go]). 
 fitor, uttor, adj. & adv. outer, with- 
 out, outside. 
 ut-sid, st. m. outgoing, departure, 
 
 going away, going to destruction. 
 fit-weard, adj. outward-striving, 
 
 trying to get out. 
 fide. See unnan (to grant). 
 fid-genge, adj. vanishing, departing, 
 
 fleeing. Cf . Ieel. odfluga. 
 fid-wita, -weota, w. m. philosopher, 
 
 sage, scholar. 
 
 w 
 
 wS, 1. adv. woe. — 2. inter j. woe ! 
 oh, woe! oh, terror! 
 
 wSc, adj. weak, soft, pliant, vacil- 
 lating, cowardly, timid, lazy. 
 
 wacan, st. abl. v. TV. (to wake), 
 
 arise, originate, descend, be born. 
 
 a-wacaii, 1. to awake, wake 
 
 from sleep. — 2. to arise, originate, 
 
 be born. 
 
 on-wacan, the same as above. 
 
 wace, adv. weakly, slowly, negli- 
 gently, poorly. 
 
 wacian, w. v. to watch, wake. 
 
 Wtician, w. v. to weaken, languish, 
 vacillate, yield. 
 
 a-wacian, to desist from, ab- 
 stain. 
 
 wacnian, to. v. in 
 
 on-wacnian, to awaken, wake 
 (from sleep). 
 
228 
 
 wadan — WEeg]?rea 
 
 wadan, st. abl. v. IV. (to wade),' 
 press through, stride, go, move. 
 
 an-wadan, to invade, attack, 
 come at or on, seize. 
 
 be-wadan, part, wombe be- 
 waden, disemboweled? Kid. 88: 24. 
 ge-wadan, to go;stride,advance, 
 reach, press, press in. 
 
 on-wadan, to invade, attack, 
 come at or on, seize; occupy, em- 
 ploy. 
 
 purh- wadan, to wade through, 
 penetrate, go or strike through. 
 weecan, w. v. to render weak, soft, 
 ripe; to exhaust, enervate; to 
 trouble, grieve. 
 ge-wsecan, the same as above. 
 on-wsecan, to soften, debilitate. 
 wsecce, w. f. watching, watch. 
 wseccende, part, watching, watch- 
 ful, awake. 
 wsecnan, wsecnian, wecnian, w. v. 
 to (a)waken, arise, originate, pro- 
 ceed from. 
 
 a-wascnan, the same as above. 
 
 on-waecnan, the same as above. 
 
 waed, st. n. wading^place ; — cf . va- 
 
 dum, ford; sea, ocean, water. 
 weed, st. /.; waede, st. n. ■weeds, 
 
 clothing, garment, covering, 
 waedl, stif. poverty, beggary, need, 
 
 want, 
 wsedla, w. m. beggar, needy person, 
 
 pauper, 
 wsefan, w. v. in 
 
 be-w&fan, . to bewoof, cover 
 over or around. 
 waefer-syn, adj. wavering (?) scene, 
 
 vision, play, spectacle, example. 
 waefre, adj. wavering, unsteady, un- 
 quiet, 
 waeg, wag, wah, st. m. wall, par- 
 tition, side (paries and murus). 
 wreg, w§g, st. m. wave, billow, 
 
 flood, sea. 
 weeg, st. f. weighing-instrument, 
 scales. 
 
 wsegan, w. v. to cause to move, to 
 trouble, afflict, grieve, disturb. 
 
 ge- wsegan, to drive forth, expel, 
 afflict, trouble, weary. 
 
 wsegan, w. v. to play, sport, jest, 
 deceive (wag?). 
 
 a-wjegan, to frustrate, destroy, 
 ge-weegan, the same as above! 
 
 waeg-bora, w. m. wave-bearer: i. c . 
 either dwelling under the waves, 
 on the sea-bottom, or=wave-bring- 
 er, wave-rouser, swimmer. B. 1440. 
 
 wseg-bord, st. n. wave-board, ship, 
 vessel. 
 
 wseg-deor, st. n. wave-deer^ sea- 
 beast. 
 
 wseg-dropa, vs. m. wave-drop, water- 
 drop, tear. 
 
 waege, wSge, st. n. cup, drinking- 
 vessel. 
 
 wseg-faru, st. f. wave-faring, sea- 
 path, journey by sea. 
 
 w^g-fset, st. n. wave-vat, water-jar; 
 clouds. 
 
 w^g-, weg-flota, w. m. wave-float, 
 ship. 
 
 wseg-hengest, st. m. wave-horse, 
 ship. (Ger. hingst.) 
 
 w*g-holm, st. m. the wave-filled 
 sea, deep sea. 
 
 wEeg-lidend, part. & snbs. wave- 
 traversing, seafarer, sailor. 
 
 waegn, wsen, st. m. wain, Wagon, 1 
 vehicle. 
 
 waegnan, vs. v. in 
 
 be-waegnan, to offer, proffer, 
 tender. 
 
 w^g-staed, st. n. wave-stead, sea- 
 shore, bank. 
 
 Wceg-stream, st. m. wave-stream, 
 sea-current. 
 
 waeg-sweord, st. n. weighty 
 sword. 
 
 ■w^g-pel, st. n. wave-deal (board), 
 ship, vessel. 
 
 w^g-pr§a, st. m. terror or danger on 
 or of or from the sea. 
 
w^gbreat — weelpil 
 
 229 
 
 wceg-preat, st. m. inundation (of 
 waves), deluge. 
 
 wsel, st. n. 1. sum-total of fallen 
 warriors chosen by the Walkyrie 
 to be carried from the battlefield 
 to Walhalla. — 2. body of an indi- 
 vidual warrior. — 3. corpse-strewn 
 battlefield. 
 
 wEel, st. m. & n. ■welling of water, 
 maelstrom, whirlpool (weelj. 
 
 wselan, w. v. to oppress, press upon, 
 vex, torture, torment, 
 be-wselan, the same as above. 
 ge-wselan, the same as above. 
 
 wsel-bed, st. n. deathbed, bier. 
 
 wsel-ben, st. f. deadly wound. 
 
 wael-bend, st. f. death-bond. 
 
 wsel-blat, -bleat, adj. death-blue, 
 deadly pale. 
 
 wael-ceald, adj. death-cold, eold as 
 a corpse. 
 
 wasl-ceasig, adj. corpse-choosing, 
 carrion-picker (the raven). 
 
 wael-clam, -clom, st m . death-clamp, 
 deadly fetter, bond of death. 
 
 wael-crseft, st. m. killing (craft) 
 power, deadly force. 
 
 wael-cwealm, st. m. death in battle 
 or on the battlefield, violent death. 
 
 wael-dead, st. m. the same as above. 
 
 wael-dr§or, st. m. battle-gore, blood 
 of the slain. 
 
 wwl-fah, adj. hostile to the whirl- . 
 pool or the sea ? i. e. ice that covers 
 the water ; or wael-fHh, adj. blood- 
 stained? B. 1128. 
 
 weel-feehd, st. • f. deadly feud, de- 
 structive hostility. 
 
 wael-faedm, st. m. deadly embrace. 
 
 wael-fel, adj. bloodthirsty, greedy 
 for corpses. 
 
 wsel-feld, st. m. battle-field, field of 
 the slain. 
 
 wael-feall, wsell-fyll, st. m. fall of 
 warrior-bodies, bloody death, de- 
 feat, carnage. 
 
 wasl-fus, adj. bringing to or ready 
 for death. 
 
 wael-fyllo, st. f. abundance of the 
 slain, carnage. 
 
 wael-fyr, st. «. 1. deadly fire, flames 
 of the dragon (B. 2582).— 2. fune- 
 ral pyre, Barnes of the pyre (B. 
 1119). 
 
 wael-gSr, st. m. deadly spear. 
 
 wael-gasst, st. m. deadly or death- 
 bringing guest. . 
 
 wael-gifre, adj. greedy for the dead 
 (bodies), murderous. 
 
 Wcel-gim, st. m. death-bringing 
 gem? Rid. 21:4. 
 
 wasl-grsedig, adj. greedy for the 
 dead (bodies), flesh-eating. 
 
 weel-, waell-grirn, adj. full of deadly 
 fury, cruel, fateful, dire. 
 
 wael-gryre, st. m. deadly horror or 
 dread. 
 
 wael-here, st. m. army doomed to 
 death or destruction; or intent 
 on slaughter (?). 
 
 wsel-hlem, et. m. death-stroke, dead- 
 ly blow. 
 
 wasl-hlence, w. f. battle-link, chain- 
 armor, shirt of mail. 
 
 wsel-hr§ow, -hriow, adj. savage in 
 battle, cruel. 
 
 wael-hwelp, st. m. deadly whelp, 
 destroying hound. 
 
 Waelisc, adj. Welsh. 
 
 wsell-. See wsel-. 
 
 waelm, welm, st. m. tossing sea, 
 tumbling flood, tide, current. 
 
 waelm-fyr, st. n. tossing or billow- 
 ing fire. 
 
 wael-mist, st. m. deadly mist, mist 
 of death. 
 
 wael-net, st. n. death-net. 
 
 wael-nid, st. m. deadly hostility, en- 
 mity, war. 
 
 wsel-, wEell-notu, st. f. death sign 
 or token, fatal mark. 
 
 wael-pil, st. m. deadly dart, arrow. 
 
230 
 
 waelrses — wserwyrde 
 
 wael-r£es, st. m. deadly attack, on- 
 rush, bloody battle. 
 
 wael-rap, st. m. wave-fetter or bond, 
 i. v. covering of ice. 
 
 wael-rSc, st. m. death-bringing reek, 
 suffocating smoke. 
 
 wad-, wEell-regn, st. m. deadly rain, 
 shower (deluge). 
 
 wa?l-rest, -raest, st. f. death-rest, 
 deathbed, grave. 
 
 wael-r§af, st. n. battle-plunder, spoil 
 of the slain. 
 
 wsel-re'ow, adj. savage in battle, fu- 
 rious. 
 
 wael-run, st. f. battle-rune, secret, 
 mystery or secret of carnage. 
 
 Wcel-scel (?), slaughter, defeat (Jud. 
 313). 
 
 wsel-sceaft, st. m. deadly shaft, 
 spear. 
 
 wael-seax, st. n. deadly hip-sword, 
 dagger. 
 
 wasl-sleaht, -sliht, st. m. n.f slaugh- 
 ter, massacre. 
 
 wsel-spere, st. n. deadly spear. 
 
 wsel-steng, st. m. death-pole, stake, 
 spear-shaft. (Ger. stange.) 
 
 wael-st6w, st. f. battlefield. 
 
 wael-streel, st. m. & f. deadly arrow, 
 dart. (Ger. strahl.) 
 
 wsel-stream, st. m. deadly stream, 
 deluge. 
 
 wael-sweng, st. m. deadly blow, 
 thrust. 
 
 wael-wang, st. m. field of battle, 
 field of the slain. 
 
 wael-weg, st. m. fateful journey, 
 way of slaughter. 
 
 wael-wulf, st. m. battle-wolf, war- 
 rior, cannibal. 
 
 -ween. See waegen (wagon). 
 
 wsepen, st. n. 1. weapon (shield, 
 sword, spear). — 2. membrnm virile, 
 penis. 
 
 wsepen-ge-wrixle, st. n. exchange 
 of arms, hostilities, contest, battle. 
 
 wsepen-hete, st. m. weapon-hate, 
 hostility shown by use of weapons. 
 
 wEepen-strsel, st. m. arrow, dart. 
 
 wsepen-pracu, st. f. storm of weap- 
 ons, conflict. 
 
 waepen-prsege (?), weapon, equip- 
 ment? Cra. 61. 
 
 wsepen-wiga, w. m. weaponed war- 
 rior. 
 
 weepned, part, weaponed, armed 
 with a penis; male, man. 
 
 wsepned-cyn, st. n. male kin, tribe, 
 race. 
 
 wa3pned-man, st. m. man, male. 
 
 wasr, adj. wary, cautious. 
 
 waer, st. n. sea, ocean: — old Norse 
 ver and vor. 
 
 weer, st. /. covenant, treaty, com- 
 pact, promise, vow, troth. 
 
 ■waer, adj. true, correct. Gen. 681. 
 (Ger. wahr.) 
 
 waerc, st. n. wark, pain. 
 
 wser-fest, adj. covenant-keeping, 
 holding fast to a promise, faithful, 
 true. 
 
 waergan. See wergan (to curse). 
 
 waer-genga, wer-genga, w. m. one 
 seeking protection, wanderer, 
 stranger, immigrant. 
 
 waergdu. See wergdu (curse). 
 
 wasr-lgas, adj. treaty-breaking,faith- 
 less, perfidious. 
 
 waerlic, adj. wary, cautious, cir- 
 cumspect. 
 
 waerlice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 wa5rllce, adv. truly, verily. 
 
 ■waer-, wer-loga, w. m. warlock, 
 covenant-breaker, faithless one, 
 devil. 
 
 wsernis, -nys, st. f. curse, damna- 
 tion. 
 
 weeron. See wesan (to be). 
 
 waerdo, st. f. something uncommon, 
 (a) wonder, monster? Met. 28 : 82. 
 
 waer-wyrde, adj. wary-worded, 
 cautious in speech. 
 
waestm — wanhal 
 
 231 
 
 waestm, waestum, 'western, st. »»., 
 
 /., & n. 1. growth, stature, bodily 
 
 structure. — 2. a growth, plant. — 
 
 3. fruit. — 4. abundance, 
 waestm-babre, adj. fruitful, fertile. 
 waet, adj. wet, moist. 
 w*ta, w. m. wetness, moisture, 
 
 ■water, 
 wsetan, w. v. to wet, moisten, water. 
 ge-wsetan, the same as above. 
 wseter, weetter, st. •«. water, 
 wseter-sedr, st. f. vein of water, 
 
 waterfall. 
 wseter-broga, w. m. water-horror, 
 
 tumult of waters, frightful flood. 
 waeter-egesa, w. m. same as above. 
 waeter-fl6d, st. m. water-flood, 
 waeter-grund, st. m. sea-bottom, 
 
 depth. 
 waster-helm, st. m. water-helm, 
 
 covering or floor of ice. 
 wseter-scipe, st. m. collection of 
 
 waters, water-floods. 
 waeter-spring, -sprync,si. m. water- 
 spring, whirlpool, eddy, 
 weeter-stefn, st. f. voice of the 
 
 waters. 
 waeter-stream, st m.water-stream, 
 
 river, 
 waeter-pisa, -piswa, w. m. water- 
 
 traverser; whale (Wal. 50); ship 
 
 (Gu. 1303). 
 weeter-pryd, st.f. noise of water(s). 
 weeter-yd, st. f. wave, billow, 
 waectan, w. v. to hunt, roam around. 
 waflan, w. v. to waver, hesitate ; to 
 
 stare, be astounded. 
 wag, wall. See waeg (wall). 
 wagian, to. v. to wag, vacillate, 
 
 totter, move. 
 wala, w. m. (wale), part of the hel- 
 met through which the plume is 
 
 fastened. B. 1031. 
 Valas, walca, waldan, wall. See 
 
 Wealh, wealca, wealdan, weall. 
 Wale, w. f. Welshwoman, slave, 
 walian, w. v. in 
 
 S-wyrt-walian, to root up, ex- 
 tirpate. 
 
 wellc, adj. woful, pitiful. 
 
 warn, ■worn, st. m. & n. 1. spot, blem- 
 ish, disgrace, ignominy, crime, sin. 
 2. injury, loss, hurt, misfortune. 
 
 ■warn, worn, adj. shameful, ignomin- 
 ious, mean, bad. 
 
 wamb, womb, st. f. womb, belly. 
 
 wamb-, womb-hord, st. n. womb- 
 hoard, contents of the belly. 
 
 warn-, wom-cwide, st. m. shameful 
 or blasphemous speech, curse. 
 
 warn-, wom-dsed, st. f. deed of 
 shame, crime. 
 
 warn-, wom-ful, adj. full of spots 
 or blemishes ; shameful, sinful, bad. 
 
 warn-, wom-sceada, w . m. sin-stained 
 foe, devil. 
 
 warn-, wom-scyldig, adj. sinful, 
 criminal. 
 
 warn-, wom-wyrcende, pari. 'work- 
 er of sin or shame. 
 
 wan, won, st. n. ■want, lack. 
 
 wan, won, adj. (w. gen. of thing), in 
 want of, deficient in. 
 
 wan, wann, won, wonn, adj. wan, 
 wanting color, dark, black, lurid. 
 
 wana, w. m. want, decrease. 
 
 wan-, won-eeht, st. f. want, poverty. 
 
 wandian, w. v. to desist, cease from, 
 hesitate, tarry. 
 
 wandrian, w. v. to wander, roam, 
 fly around. 
 
 •wan-fag, won-fah, adj. wan-colored, 
 dark-hued. 
 
 wan-, won-feax, adj. dark-haired. 
 
 wan-, won-fyr, st. n. lurid flame, 
 flame mingled with smoke. 
 
 wang,wong, st. m. field, mead, place, 
 plain. 
 
 wange, wonge, w. n. (cf. wang- 
 tooth), cheek, jaw. (G-er. wange.) 
 
 wang-, wong-stede, st. m. field, 
 place, locality. 
 
 wan-,wann-,won-hal, adj. unsound, 
 sick, ill. 
 
232 
 
 wanhoga — wederbur g 
 
 wan-lioga, w. m. thoughtless one, 
 fool; — adj. thoughtless, foolish. 
 
 wan-hyd, won-hygd, st. f. want of 
 sense or foresight; carelessness, 
 senselessness, audacity, heedless- 
 ness. 
 
 ■wan-, won-hydig, adj. heedless, au- 
 dacious, ignorant. 
 
 wanian, woman, to. v. 1. intrans. to 
 ■wane, lessen, decrease, dwindle. 
 2. trans, to diminish, cause to de- 
 crease. 
 ge-wanian, the same as above. 
 
 ■wanian, wanigean, «-. v. to 'whine, 
 weep, complain, lament, bemoan. 
 
 •warm. See wan (dark). 
 
 wan-, won-s»lig, adj. unhappy, 
 miserable. 
 
 wan-,wonn-sceaft, st.f. condition of 
 ■want, misery, misfortune, mishap. 
 
 wan-, won-spSdig, adj. unhappy, 
 miserable. 
 
 ■war, st. n. alga, seaweed (waur). 
 
 waran, w. m. pi. inhabitants, burgh- 
 ers, citizens. 
 
 warenian, w. v. in 
 
 be-warenian, (refl.), to guard 
 one's self, to be on one's guard. 
 
 warian, w. v. 1. to guard, heed, hold,, 
 possess, inhabit. — 2. to be on 
 one's guard against (Gen. 236, 801). 
 be-warian, 1. to keep from, pre- 
 serve from. — 2. to defend, guard, 
 protect. 
 
 warig, adj. covered with seaweed, 
 slimy, dirty, squalid. 
 
 warnian, warming, warod, wSrod. 
 See wearnian,wearnung,warud, 
 wSrud. 
 
 waru, st. f. citizenship, citizen. 
 [Used only in compounds.] 
 
 warn, st. f. cave, shelter, protection, 
 guarding. 
 
 warud, warod, wearod, st. m. shore, 
 bank, margin. 
 
 w3rud, wSrod, st. n. alga, sea-grass, 
 fucus. 
 
 warod-farud, st. m. surf , shore-surge. 
 
 warud-ge-'winn^f.M.same as above. 
 
 wascan, st. dbl. v. IV. to- wash. 
 
 wadol, st. m. full moon. 
 
 wad, st. f. 1. wandering, journey.-**- 
 2. hunt,hunting, chase (Met. 27: 13): 
 
 wadum, st. m. water, flood, stream. 
 
 waduma, wadema, w. m. flood, 
 stream, sea. 
 
 wiwa, w. m. ■woe, misery. 
 
 wawan, st. red. v. to blow. 
 
 bi-wSwan, to blow around or 
 about. 
 
 we, 2>rou. we; gen. user, usserure; 
 da 1. us; ace. iisic, ussic, us. 
 
 ■web, st. n. web, weaving, tapestry.- 
 
 webban, webbian, w. v. to weave, 
 work, think, continue, project. 
 
 weccan, weccean, w.v. 1. to ■wake, 
 wake up. — 2. to waken, rouse, call 
 up, bring forth. — 3. to exhort, en- 
 courage, raise, rouse one's ener- 
 gies. — 4. to move, to set in mo- 
 tion. 
 
 a-weccan, to awaken, wake up, 
 rouse, incite, get. 
 t6-wecoan, to arouse, excite. 
 
 wecgan, w. v. 1. (Ger. -viegen), to 
 move, drive hither and thither. — 
 2. to be moved (Met. 27: 4). 
 
 S-wecgan, to move, rouse up, 
 excite. 
 
 wecnian. See wascnian (to be born). 
 
 wed, st. n. (wedding), pledge, se- 
 curity. 
 
 wgdan, w v. (Ger. icutlten), to rage, 
 to be insane or mad. (Old Eng. 
 wood.) 
 
 weddian, w. v. in. 
 
 bi-weddian, to bind by a wed 
 or pledge; to affiance, engage. 
 
 wede-hund, st. in. (wood- [mad] 
 hound), mad dog. 
 
 weder, st. n. weather, air. 
 
 weder-burg, st. f. burgh (castle, 
 town) exposed to. the wind and 
 weather (?). 
 
wedercandel — wendan 
 
 233 
 
 weder-candel, -condel, st.f. -weath- 
 er-candle, sun. 
 
 weder-daeg, st. m. weather-day, 
 day distinguished for its weather ; 
 (breezy day!) 
 
 weder-tacen, st. n. weather-token 
 or sign in the air, sun. 
 
 weder-wolcen, st. n. weather-wel- 
 kin, oloud in the air. 
 
 wefan, st. abl. v. III. to weave, con- 
 trive, project, dispose, 
 a-wefau, to weave out, to weave, 
 ge-wefan, the same as above. 
 
 wefl, st. f. tuft, panicle? cladica? 
 Rid. 36: 3. 
 
 weg, wgg. See wig, wseg. 
 
 weg, st. m. way, path. 
 
 weg (in connection with la : weg la), 
 quite right, euge. Ps. 69 : 4. 
 
 wegan, st. abl. v. III. 1. to bear, 
 carry. — 2. to be moved, to move 
 (Exod. 180; Kim. 6). 
 
 a-wegan, to bear away, remove, 
 destroy. 
 eet-wegan, to bear to or away. 
 be-wegan, 1. to slay, kill (By. 
 183). — 2. to surround, envelop, 
 cover. 
 for-wegan, to slay, kill. 
 ge-wegan, to fight, contend, 
 to-wegan, to scatter, dissipate. 
 
 wege, wehte, pret. See waege, 
 weccan (to wake). 
 
 wel, well, adv. ■well. 
 
 wgl, st.f. trinket, jewels. Wy. 74. 
 
 wela, weala, weola, w. m. wealth, 
 riches, abundance. 
 
 wel-daed, st. f. deed of ■weal, good 
 deed. 
 
 weleras, weoloras, st. m. pi. lips. 
 
 welgian, weligian, w. o. 1. to enrich. 
 2. intrans., to be wealthy, affluent; 
 to abound. 
 
 wel-hwS, pron. each, every ; — adv. 
 gen. n. wel-hwaes, in general, al- 
 together (Met. 2: 10). 
 
 wel-hwser, adv. everywhere. 
 
 wel-hwilc, pron. each, every. 
 
 welig, adj. wealthy, opulent. 
 
 well. See wel (well). 
 
 well, st. m. well, spring. 
 
 wella, w. m. the same as above. 
 
 wellan, w. v. in 
 
 a-wellan, to bring into commo- 
 tion. 
 
 on-wellan, to bring into violent 
 excitement or commotion. 
 
 welm. See weelm (flood, &c.) 
 
 wel-bungeo.^jar t. well-thriven, pros- 
 perous, able ; holy, honorable. 
 
 wSman, w. v . 1. to sound forth, re- 
 sound (Icel. tcdma), call, cry (An. 
 741). — 2. to strike up, begin to 
 sing,, . to announce (An. 1482).^- 
 3. to advise, persuade, convince, 
 allow, lead astray. — 4. to address 
 kindly, console, comfort? (Wand. 
 29). 
 
 wemman, w. v. to abuse, revile, ca- 
 lumniate. 
 
 ge-wemman, to render odious, 
 to spoil, befoul, pollute, mistreat, 
 injure. 
 
 wen, wenn. See wynn (joy). 
 
 wen, st. f. 1. belief, opinion, fancy. 
 2. probability. — 3. weening, hope, 
 expectation of something. — 4. 
 name of the Rune w. Cf. wynn. 
 
 wgna, w. m. 1. belief, opinion, fancy. 
 2. weening, hope, expectation. 
 
 wgnan, w. v. to believe, think, fancy, 
 •ween, hope, reckon upon, look for. 
 ge-wgnan, to ween, hope, ex- 
 pect. 
 
 wencel, wenoele, adj. vacillating, 
 unsteady, weak. (Ger. wanken.) 
 
 ■wendan, w. e. 1. to wend, turn, turn 
 round, change. — 2. to bound, limit ? 
 (Gen. 2209).— 3. to turn one's seMy 
 become connected, turn about, al- 
 ter, ehange,go. — 4. to change,vary,' 
 be different (?), to show one's self 
 different or altered (?). 
 
234 
 
 wendig — wesan 
 
 a-wendan, 1. to avert, turn 
 aside. — 2. to turn, alter, change 
 (Gen. 259). — 3. to turn one's self 
 away or aside (Ps. 77: 57). 
 
 ed-wendan, to turn one's self 
 away or aside again ; to yield, give 
 way, cease. 
 
 ge-wendan, 1. to turn, turn 
 round. — 2. to turn one's self, turn 
 round, alter, change. 
 
 on-wendan, 1. trans, to turn, 
 turn round, avert, put aside, alter. 
 2.intrans. to turn about or around, 
 to return (Ps. 1452). 
 
 od-wendan, to remove, pilfer, 
 purloin, steal. 
 -wendig, st. f. turning, change, al- 
 teration, 
 wenian, w. v. to accustom, habituate, 
 inure; to entertain. 
 
 be-wenian, to entertain, care 
 for. 
 
 ge-wenian, to accustom, habit- 
 uate, inure. 
 wSninga, adv. by a wee bit, little, 
 
 almost. (Ger. wenigf). 
 wenn. See wynn. 
 werma (?). Rim. 7. 
 wepan, st. red. v. 1. intrans. to weep, 
 moan aloud, complain. — 2. to be- 
 wail, mourn over, deplore. 
 wer,st w. man, person (vir& homo). 
 wer-beam, st. m. tree of defense, 
 warrior ; man strong as a beam ? 
 Exod. 486. 
 werc.wercan. See weorc,wyrcan. 
 wer-oyn, st. n. kin of men, human 
 
 race, tribe. 
 werdan, wered. See wyrdan, 
 
 weonid (troop). 
 wered, st. n. sweet drink, mead, 
 werg, wergan. See wearg, werig, 
 
 wergian, werian. 
 wergend, part. & subs, envier, be- 
 
 grudger, rogue, 
 wergend, part. & subs, defender, 
 protector. 
 
 wer-genga. See wser-genga (alien). 
 wergian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-wergian, to weary, exhaust. 
 wergian, wergan, w. v. to outlaw, 
 
 condemn, curse. 
 wergdu, werhdu, waergdu, st. f. 
 
 curse, imprecation, condemnation, 
 
 punishment, 
 wergun, st. f. curse, condemnation . 
 
 Sat. 42. 
 werian, werigean, wergan, w. v. 
 
 1. to defend, protect. — 2. to guard, 
 hold, occupy, inhabit (Gu. 322). — 
 
 3. to cover over, clothe, envelop. 
 
 4. to ward off, hinder, prevent, 
 a-werian, 1. to defend, protect. 
 
 2. to ward off, hinder (Ps. 105: 24). 
 
 3. to surround,inelose (Eid.41 : 47). 
 be-, bi-werian, 1. to defend,pro- 
 
 tect, hinder, prohibit. — 2. to hold 
 
 in check, within limits, in order. 
 ge-werian, to cover over, clothe, 
 
 envelop, 
 werig, adj. accursed, outlawed, ex- 
 ecrable, damned, 
 weiig, adj. weary, tired, unnerved, 
 
 dejected, wretched, unhappy, sad. 
 werigean, werigend. See werian, 
 
 wergend. 
 wgrig-ferd, -ferhd, adj. weary of 
 
 spirit, cast down; exhausted. 
 
 Wal. 19. 
 ■w§rig-mod, adj. the same as above. 
 wgr-loga. See waerloga (warlock). 
 wer-mEegd, st. f. human race, tribe, 
 
 nation. 
 wermSd.st m .wormwood.absinthe. 
 werod. See weorud (troop). 
 wSron. See weeron (were). 
 wer-pgod, -plod, st.f. men-folk,f oik, 
 
 population; — in pi. people, 
 wesan, st. abl. v. III. (pret. wses, 
 
 waeron), to be ; — ie. past part. 
 
 forms the passive voice. 
 
 for- wesan, to pass away, rot. 
 
 Ruin. 7. 
 ge-wesan, to be. Sol. 181. 
 
■west — weallstan 
 
 235 
 
 west, adv. westerly, toward the 
 west. 
 
 westan, adv. from the west. 
 
 westan, w. v. to waste, devastate. 
 
 west-disl, st. m. western part. 
 
 weste, adj. waste, uninhabited, 
 abandoned, desolate. 
 
 western. See weestm (fruit). 
 
 westen, st. to. & n. •waste, desert, 
 solitude. 
 
 west-ende, st. m. west end. 
 
 wSsten-gryre, st. m. horror of the 
 waste, dread of the desert. 
 
 westen-stadol, st. m. waste place. 
 
 west-mest, adj. westmost. 
 
 west-rodor, st. to. western sky. 
 
 west-weg, st. to. western way. 
 
 wedan, st. all. v. III. to tie, bind? 
 (Ps. 106: 28); — assuage? gladden? 
 
 wede, adj. sweet, mild, agreeable. 
 
 wedel, st. f. poverty, want, need. 
 
 wed-nes, st. f. agreeability, grace, 
 sweetness. 
 
 wexe. See weas (wax). 
 
 w§a, w. to. woe, trouble, misery, 
 misfortune. 
 
 wea-daed, st.f. woe-deed. 
 
 wea-ge-sid, st. m. companion in 
 misery. 
 
 weaht, part, from weocan ; — pret. 
 weahte, to wake. 
 
 ■weal, weala. See weall, wela. 
 
 wga-lSf, st. f. woful remnant, relic 
 left by misfortune. 
 
 wea-land, wealh-land, st. » .Welsh- 
 land, foreign country. 
 
 Wealas. See wealh (Welshman). 
 
 wealca, walca, w. to. 1. billow, roll- 
 ing wave. — 2. light, floating gar- 
 ment. 
 
 wealcan, st. red. v. (cf. walk?), to 
 
 move (around or about), roll, toss. 
 
 ge-wealcan, the same as above. 
 
 on-wealcan, to roll around, 
 
 wallow. 
 
 ■weald, wald, st. to. weald, wold, 
 wood; — bushes, foliage, branch. 
 Gen. 846. 
 
 wealdan, waldan, st. red. v. to 
 ■wield,' exercise, or possess author- 
 ity; to possess, rule, guide. 
 
 ge-wealdan, to ■wield, rule, com- 
 mand, guard ; — part, ge-wealden, 
 1. strong, vigorous, active. — 2. 
 subject, submissive (B. 1732). 
 
 wealdend,^)a?-f. wielding authority, 
 powerful. 
 
 wealdend, waldend, part. & subs. 
 wielder, guide, ruler, lord, king. 
 
 wealdend-god, st. m. wielding 
 God, Lord God. 
 
 weald-, wald-swadu, st. f. track or 
 trail in the wood(s) ; forest path. 
 
 wealh, st. m. 'Welshman, stranger, 
 slave. 
 
 wealh-stod, st. to. interpreter. Cf. 
 "Wealh. 
 
 wealic, adj. woful. 
 
 weall, weal, st. m. 1. wall, earth- 
 wall, dam, hill, mountain. — 2. 
 bank, shore, wall of rock. — 3. (or- 
 dinary) wall. 
 
 weallan, st. red. <■. (Ger. wallen), to 
 •well up, to billow, undulate, rock 
 (as waves do); — w. ace. to scourge, 
 lash (Sol. 143). 
 
 a-weallan, 1. to well forth, 
 flow out, spring up. — 2. part. 
 aweallen? Cri. 625. 
 
 weall-, weal-clif, si. n. -wall-cliff, 
 cliff on the shore. 
 
 weall-dor, st. n. door in the ■wall. 
 
 weall-, weal-faesten, st. n. wall- 
 fastness, rampart of defense, cas- 
 tle, fortress. 
 
 weall-, weal-geat, st. n. wall-gate, 
 postern, exit. 
 
 weallian, w. v. to roam, ramble, so- 
 journ abroad. 
 
 ■weall-, weal-stan, it. m. wall-stone, 
 stone for a wall, corner-stone. 
 
236 
 
 wealsteall — weorpan 
 
 weal-steall, si. m. a wall or wall- 
 place (whereon a ruin stands). 
 
 weall-stSap, adj. wall-steep, steep- 
 walled, steep like a wall. [wall. 
 
 weall-wala, w. m. wall, parts of a 
 
 weal-sada, w. m. eord for binding 
 (Welshmen or) slaves? (Ps.139: 5). 
 
 W§an? Ps. 68: 27. 
 
 weard, adv. ward, toward, to. 
 
 weard, st. m. &/. ward r watch, pro- 
 tection, waiting for, lurking, am- 
 buscade; possession. 
 
 weard, st. m. warden, watchman, 
 guardian, protector, lord. 
 
 weardian, to. v. 1. to ward, guard, 
 heed, protect, preserve. — 2. to 
 hold, occupy, inhabit, sojourn in. 
 3. ISst (swade) weardian, to hold 
 or guard one's footsteps = (1.) to 
 follow closely (B. 2164); — (2.) to 
 leave behind, abandon, remain 
 behind. 
 
 wearg, wearh, werg, st. m. 1. wolf. 
 
 2. outlaw, criminal. 
 wearg-traef, -treaf, st. n. house of 
 
 the damned, hell. 
 wearm, adj. warm. 
 wearmian, w. v. to become warm, 
 wearmlic, adj. warm, 
 wearn (?), multitude, many. 
 weain, st. f. denial, refusal, l'enun- 
 
 ciation (B. 366). — 2. resistance. 
 
 3. reproaches, abuse, 
 wearnian, warnian, w. v. to guard 
 
 one's self, be on one's guard against, 
 deny one's self. 
 
 wearning, warning, st. f. 1. warn- 
 ing.— 2. foresight, caution. 
 
 wearod. See warud (shore), i 
 
 wearp, st. m. warp (in weaving). 
 
 wgas, a<to. accidentally, by chance. 
 
 wea-spell, st. n. woe-spell, evil 
 tidings. 
 
 wga-t^oen, st. n. woe-token, evi- 
 dence of misery. 
 
 wga-pearf, st. f. wof ul misery, need. 
 
 weax, st. ». wax. 
 
 weax= weSos = waoes, ne.n. n. of 
 
 wac, weak, soft. Bid. 46: 1. 
 weaxan, st. abl. v. IV. to wax, in- 
 crease, grow, strengthen, become 
 
 more powerful. 
 
 a-weaxan, to grow up, become 
 
 full grown, arise, originate. 
 be-, bi-weaxan, to overgrow. 
 ge-weaxan, to wax, grow up. 
 weaxan, to consume, devour? B.3115. 
 weo, weo-bedd. See w6h, wigbed. 
 weod, wiod, st. n. weed- 
 weodewe. • >See widwe (widow). 
 w6od-monad, .st. to. weed-month, 
 
 August. Men. 138. 
 weogas, weog, weola. See weg, 
 
 ■wig, wela. 
 weolrne, st. f. choice, selection, pick 
 
 of one's fellow-creatures. Cri. 445. 
 weoloras. See weleras (lips)j 
 weor, adv. (of. worse), meanly, 
 
 cowardly. ,. 
 weora, gen. pi. of wer (man). 
 weorc, wore, were, st. n. 1. work, 
 
 deed, labor. — 2. trouble, work 
 
 (Lat. labor), difficulty, strait. 
 weorce, adj. difficult, heavy; painful. 
 weorce, adv. the same as above. 
 weorcean. See wyrcan, -ean. 
 weorc-sum, adj. oppressive,- hard, 
 
 hurtful, irksome. 
 weorc-pgow, 1. st. m. workman, 
 
 servant, slave. — 2. st. f. female 
 
 slave, maid (Gen. 2260). 
 weoren, part, of wesan (to be). 
 weorfan. See hweorfan (to move). 
 weorm, st m. ■worm, 
 weorn (?). Az. 185; An. 677, 1492. 
 
 [from weor or worn?] 
 weornan. See wyrnan (to refuse). 
 weornian, to. v. to wilt, wither, dwin- 
 
 for-weornian, to, rot, decay, [die. 
 weorod, weorold. See weorud, 
 
 weoruld (world), 
 weorpan, worpan, wyrpan, wur- 
 
 pan, (Ger. werfen), st. abl. v. I. to 
 
 east, throw. 
 
weorpere — weoruldbearn 
 
 237 
 
 a-weorpan, to throw from, off, 
 out, or down; to expel, remove; 
 to contest, refute. 
 
 be-,bi-weorpan, Ltocoverover, 
 surround. — 2. to throw, cast down. 
 
 for-weorpan, 1. to cast out, cast 
 down, drive off. — 2. to squander, 
 throw away (B. 2872). 
 
 ge-weorpan, 1. to throw, cast 
 down. — 2. (reflex.), to rise, to lift 
 one's self up. — 3. to turn round, 
 alter, change (Ori. 188). — 4. to 
 pass by, pass away (Gn. Ex. 77). 
 
 ofer-weorpan, 1. to throw over, 
 upon, or at. — 2. to throw down, 
 overthrow. — 3. intrans. to stumble, 
 fall over. 
 
 to-weorpan, to break in pieces, 
 dissipate, destroy, frustrate, avert; 
 intrans. to pollute one's self. Gn. 
 Ex. 191. [diate. 
 
 wid-weorpan, to reject, repu- 
 
 ymb-weorpan, to throw around, 
 surround. 
 ■weorpere, st. m. thrower, caster. 
 weord, wurd, st. n. 1. worth, price, 
 value, ransom, purchase-money. — 
 2. honor, worth, dignity (Bed. Sm. 
 545:6). 
 ■weord, word, st. m. street, lane; 
 
 corridor, hall, way, vestibule. 
 weordan, wiordan, wurdan, wyr- 
 darj, (Ger. werden), st. ail. ■». I. to- 
 be or become, happen, occur; — 
 w. past. part, of trans, verbs = pas- 
 sive -voice ; — w. past. part, of in- 
 trans. verbs = circumlocution for 
 the ordinary preterite. Cf. worth 
 in "woe worth the day !"= excla- 
 mation. 
 
 for-weordan, to perish, pass 
 away, vanish. 
 
 ge-weordan, l.to be or become, 
 happen, occur. — 2. irnpers. w. ncc. 
 of pers. to become, take place, 
 happen, occur to, seem, appear; 
 please. 
 
 weord-ful, ad), worthful, highly es- 
 teemed, glorious. 
 
 weord-georn, adj. ambitious, de- 
 sirous of glory. 
 
 weordian, wurdian, wyrdian, to. v. 
 
 1. to hold worthy, esteem, respect, 
 honor, revere, adore. — 2. to mag- 
 nify, praise.— 3. to honor, distin- 
 guish, deck, adorn, present. 
 
 ge-weordian, 1. to distinguish, 
 honor, adorn, furnish, present. — 
 
 2. to magnify, praise. 
 weordig, wordig, st. m. street, lane, 
 
 way; area, ground or soil upon 
 whieh an estate lies; court. 
 
 weord-, wurd-llc, adj. worthy, rev- 
 erend, venerable, distinguished. 
 
 weord-, wurd-lice, adv. the same. 
 
 weord-, wurd-, wordmynd, -mynd, 
 -mynt, st.f. & n. honor, dignitj', 
 memorial. 
 
 weord-, wyrd-scipe, st. m. worth- 
 ship, worship, honor, dignity. 
 
 weordung, st. f. honor, distinction, 
 appreciation. 
 
 weorud, weorod, werud, werod, 
 wered, st. n. troop, band, folk, 
 multitude. 
 
 weorudSn (?). Wy. 93. 
 
 weorud-lSast, werod-le'st, st. f. 
 lack of men or warriors. 
 
 weornf-, woruf-tord, st. m. dung, 
 excrement of cattle. 
 
 weoruld,weorold, woruld, worold, 
 world, st. f. 1. •world (inclusive 
 of all temporal things, all things 
 betwixt heaven and hell; and, in 
 a biblical sense, all that is earthly, 
 sensible, sensuous. — 2. men, hu- 
 manity. — 3. life, temporal or world- 
 ly life (Met. 10: 70; Sch. 22).— 
 4. lifetime, century. 
 
 weoruld->, worold-Sr, (Ger. elire), 
 st.f. worldly honor or favor before 
 the world. 
 
 weoruld-,world-bearn,«#. w.world- 
 bairrx, man, person. 
 
238 
 
 weoruldbliss — weoruldwite 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-bliss, st.f. world- 
 ly bliss, joy of earth. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-buend, part. & 
 sabs, world-inhabiter. 
 
 weoruld-bysgung, -bisgung, st. f. 
 worldly misery, trouble. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-candel, st. f. 
 world-candle, sun. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-crgeft, st. iw. 
 world-craft, earthly wit and wis- 
 dom. 
 
 weoruld-, world-cund, adj. worldly, 
 earthly. 
 
 •weoruld-, worold-cyning, st. m. 
 •worldly king, earthly potentate. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-dead, adj. dead. 
 
 •weoruld-, woruld-drSam, st. m. 
 earthly joy. 
 
 weoruld-driht. See weoruld-riht. 
 
 weoruld-dryhten, -drihten, st. m. 
 lord of the world, God. 
 
 •weoruld-, woruld-dugud, st. f. 
 earthly or worldly good. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-ende, st. m. end 
 of the world. 
 
 •weoruld-, woruld-earfod, st. n. 
 earthly misery. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-feoh, st. n. earth- 
 
 - ly goods, wealth. 
 
 weoruld-frSond, part. & subs, earth- 
 ly or worldly friend. 
 
 ■weoruld-, woruld-ge-dal, st. n. sep- 
 aration from the world, death. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-ge-seelig.arfj. rich 
 in worldly goods. 
 
 weoruld-ge-s^ld, st. f. worldly hap- 
 piness, earthly bliss. 
 
 ■weoruld-, woruld-ge-sceaft, st. f. 
 1. earthly creature. — 2. world. 
 Sen. 110. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-ge-str€on, st. n. 
 earthly or worldly treasures. 
 
 weoruld-ge-swinc, st. n. earthly 
 toil, misery. 
 
 ■weoruld-, woruld-gitsere, st. m. 
 earth-seeker, coveter of worldly 
 things. 
 
 weoruld-gitsung, st. f. earth-greed, 
 desire for worldly things, eovet- 
 ousness. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-hyht, st. m. 
 worldly or earthly joy. 
 
 ■weoruld-, woruld-llc, adj. worldly, 
 earthly. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-, world-lif, st. n. 
 world-life, life in the world. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-magas, st. m. pi. 
 worldly or earthly kin. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-man, st. m. man, 
 human being. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-nytt, st.f. worldly 
 use, profit, or advantage. 
 
 weoruld-, worold-raeden, st. f. 
 world's intent, destination, des- 
 tined nse, order. 
 
 weoruld-, world-rice, adj. rich in 
 worldly power or goods. 
 
 weoruld-.woruld-, world-rice, st. n. 
 1. world-realm, world. — 2. earthly 
 kingdom. Cf. Ger. reich. 
 
 weoruld-riht, woruld-ryht, st. n. 
 secular or civil right, law. Gu. 28. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-sseld, s/./.earthly 
 or worldly happiness, blessing. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-sceaft, st. f. 
 worldly or earthly creature, crea- 
 tion. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-spgd, st.f. world- 
 speed, success in the world. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-strengu, st. f. 
 worldly strength, power. 
 
 ■weoruld-, woruld-stund, st.f. time, 
 season, or life in this world. 
 
 weoruld-, world-pear fa, w. m. poor 
 in worldly goods. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-bearfende, part, 
 the same as above. 
 
 weoruld-wela, w. m. world-wealth, 
 riches of earth. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-widl,s£. m.&n.(?) 
 world-filth, foulness, dirt. 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-wlte, st. n. tor- 
 ture, martyrdom. 
 
weoruld-wuniende — wifman 
 
 239 
 
 weoruld-, woruld-wtmiende, part. 
 dwelling in the world. 
 
 wecruld-, woruld-yrmdu, st. f. 
 worldly ov earthly wretchedness. 
 
 weos, weota, weotian, wibed. See 
 ■wig, wita, witian, wigbed. 
 
 wic, st. n. -wick, dwelling-plaee, 
 eamp, stopping-place, house, bed, 
 lair. 
 
 wican, st. abl. v. V. to yield, give 
 way, fall down. (Ger. weichcn.) 
 
 ge-wican, to yield, slide down 
 or aside, refuse, deny, renounce. 
 
 wic-craft, st. m. ■witchcraft, magic. 
 
 wiccung-dom, st. m. same as above. 
 
 wic-eard, st. m. residence, dwelling- 
 place. 
 
 wlc-freodu, st. f. protection or de- 
 fense of the residence. 
 
 wicg, wycg, st. n. horse. 
 
 wician, w. v. to dwell, tarry, so- 
 journ, rest in. 
 
 ge-wician, intrans. to dwell, 
 have a dwelling, live. 
 
 ymb-wicigean, to surround, be- 
 leaguer, beset. 
 
 wicing, st. m. wicking, sea-robber, 
 pirate. 
 
 wic-stede, st. m. residenee,dwelling. 
 
 wic-steal, st. m. camp, camping- 
 ground. 
 
 wic-stow, st. f. residence, dwelling- 
 place. 
 
 wic-tun, st. m. vestibule ; atrium, 
 court. 
 
 wid, adj. 'wide, extensive, broad, 
 long. 
 
 wid-brad, adj. 'wide and broad, 
 immense. 
 
 ■wid-cud, adj. widely-known. 
 
 wide, adv. 'widely, far-spread. 
 
 wide-ferd, -ferhd, -fyrhd, st. m. & n. 
 long life, long time. 
 
 wide-feorh, -ferh, -ferg, st. m. & re. 
 the same as above. 
 
 widewe. See widwe (widow). 
 
 wid-fsedme, adj. comprehensive, 
 broad-bosomed, ample. 
 
 wid-ferende, part, wide-faring, 
 coming from afar. 
 
 wid-floga, iv, m. wide-flier, dragon. 
 B. 2346. 
 
 wid-folc, st. n. great nation, wide- 
 spread folk. 
 
 wid-gal, -gel, -gil, -giell, adj. 1. 
 widespread,extensive. — 2. wander- 
 ing, vagabond,roaming. Eid.21:5. 
 
 wid-gangol, -gongel, adj. wide- 
 going, wandering far. 
 
 widl, st. m. & n.f filth, dirt. 
 
 widlan, xo. v. to soil, befoul, pollute. 
 
 wid-land, -lond, st. n. -wide land. 
 
 wid-last, st. m. long wandering, 
 long way or road. 
 
 wid-last, adj. extending far, far- 
 stretching. . .. 
 
 wid-msere, adj. known afar, well- 
 known. 
 
 wido. See widu (wood). 
 
 wid-rynig, adj. far-running? wide- 
 flowing? An. 1509. 
 
 wid-sceap, adj. extended, large, 
 great, considerable. 
 
 wid-sid, st. m. 1. wide or extensive 
 journey. — 2. the Far-traveled One 
 (name of A.-S, poem, I). 
 
 ■widu, wido = wudu (?), 'wood, 
 branch. (Met. 13: 55; Kid. 57: 2). 
 
 ■widwe, wydewe, weodewe, wud- 
 we, wuduwe, in. f. widow. 
 
 wid-wegas, st. m. pi. wideways, 
 long roads or journeys. 
 
 wif, st. n. (/.), wife, woman, lady, 
 spouse. 
 
 wifel, st. m. chafer, scarab, dung- 
 beetle (■weevil). 
 
 wif-gift, st.f. wife-gift,dower, outfit. 
 
 wif-had, st. m. female sex. 
 
 wif-lufe, w. f. ■wife-love, love for 
 one's wife. 
 
 wif-man, -mon, wimman, st. m.&f. 
 woman. 
 
240 
 
 wifwyne — wilboda 
 
 wif-wyne, st to. love for a woman. 
 wifre,«i./. female weaver (webster). 
 ■wig, wih, weoh, weg, st. m. idol, 
 
 image; fane, sanctuary, temple, 
 
 altar, 
 wig, wigg, st. m. & n. 1. war, battle. 
 
 2. warlike ability. 
 wiga, w. m. warrior, contestant, 
 
 fighter. 
 wigan, st. obi. v. V. to contend, 
 
 fight, make war. 
 
 ge- wigan, to dwindle, vanish? 
 
 Rim. 76. 
 ofer-wigan, to outdo, conquer, 
 
 vanquish. 
 wig-, wi-, weo-, weoh-bed, st. n. 
 
 altar, place of sacrifice, 
 wig-bealu, st. n. war-bale, horrors 
 
 of war. 
 wig-bil, st. re. war-bill, battle-sword, 
 wig-blac, adj. brilliant in battle 
 
 equipments. 
 wig-bord, st re. war-board, war- 
 shield. 
 wig-cirm, -cyrm, st. m. war-cry, 
 
 noise of battle. 
 wig-craeft, st. m. war-craft, ability. 
 wlg-crseftig, adj. skilled in waivable 
 
 to fight. 
 wigend, -wiggend, part. & subs. 
 
 warrior, fighter, contestant. 
 wlg-freca, w. m. war-wolf, hero. 
 wig-fruma,w. to. warrior, war-prince. 
 wig-getawe, st. n. pi. war-equip- 
 ments, gear, accouterments. 
 wigg, wiggend. See wig, wigend. 
 wig-gryre, st. m. war-horror, battle- 
 dread, fearfulness. 
 wig-, wih-gyld, st. n. idol. 
 wig-, wi-haga, 10. m. war-hedge, 
 
 wall of shields, phalanx, tcstudo. 
 wlg-hete, st. m. war-hate, hostility, 
 wlg-heafola, w. m. battle-headpiece, 
 
 helmet, 
 wig-heap, st. m. war-troop, heap of 
 
 warriors. 
 
 ■wig-heard, adj. inured to war, brave 
 in battle. 
 
 wig-hryre, st. n). falling in fight, 
 defeat. 
 
 wig-hyrst, st. f. war-gear, accouter- 
 ments, ornament. 
 
 wig-leod, st. n. war-lay, battle-cry, 
 battle-signal. 
 
 wig-lie, adj. warlike. 
 
 wig-neafola. See wig-heafola. 
 
 wlg-nyt, st. re. success in or profit 
 from battle or war. 
 
 wig-plega, w. m. waT-play, conflict, 
 battle. 
 
 wig-rad, -rdd, st. f. war-road, path 
 of war or road for armies. 
 
 wig-reeden, st. f. state or condition 
 of war; battle, war. 
 
 wig-sid, st. to. war-expedition, cam- 
 paign. 
 
 wig-sigor, st. m. triumph, victory. 
 
 wig-smid, st. m. idol-smith, maker 
 of idols. 
 
 wig-smid, st. m. war-smith, warrior, 
 man of war. 
 
 •wig-sped, st. f. success in war. 
 
 ■wig-steal, st. n. rampart, bulwark. 
 
 wig-trod, witrod, st. f. expedition, 
 raid. 
 
 wig-bracu, st /. onslaught in battle. 
 
 wig-brist, adj. bold in battle. 
 
 wig-, weoh-weordung, st /. idol- 
 worship, idolatry. 
 
 wih, wlhaga. See wig (weoh), 
 wig-haga (phalanx). 
 
 wiht, wuht, wyht, st.' f. & n. 1. 
 ■wight, whit, creature, animal, 
 thing. — 2. thing (especially in neg. 
 clauses); — ne-wiht = naught, 
 (ace), not, not at all; — so also in 
 instr. and w. comparatives. 
 
 wil-beo, st to. brook or stream of 
 tears, lamentations ? Rim. 26. 
 
 wil-boda, w. to. -messenger of joy, 
 angel. 
 
wilcunia — windan 
 
 241 
 
 wil-cuma, w. m. welcome one, 
 cherished guest. 
 
 wild, adj. 'wild, savage. 
 
 wil-dasg, st. m. day of joy. 
 
 wild-deor, wildeor, st. n. wild 
 beast. 
 
 wilde, adv. wildly. 
 
 wil-der, st. n. wild beast. Cf. deer. 
 
 wil-fsegen, adj. fain, glad. 
 
 wil-g'aest, -gest, st m. welcome 
 guest. 
 
 wil-, will-ge-brodor, st. m. pi. be- 
 loved brothers. 
 
 wil-, will-ge-dryht, st. f. willing 
 troop, ready band, retinue. 
 
 wil-ge-hleda, jr. m. intimate and 
 willing friend or companion. 
 
 wil-, will-ge-sid, st. m. the same. 
 
 wil-, will-ge-steald, st. n. riches, 
 wealth. 
 
 wil-, will-ge-sweostor, st.f. pi. be- 
 loved sisters. 
 
 wil-, will-ge-bofta, »•. m. willing or 
 ready companion. 
 
 wil-, will-gifa, -geofa, -giefa, w. m. 
 giver of joy. king. [ant. 
 
 wil-hredig, adj. glad-hearted, exult- 
 
 will. See well. 
 
 willa, w. m. 1. will, wish, longing, 
 joy, good pleasure. — 2. something 
 wished for, object of desire. 
 
 willan, wyllan, to will or wish; — 
 i/rreg. v.,pres. indie. s#. 1,3. wille, 
 wile,wyle,wylle.— 2. wilt, wylt ; 
 pi. willad, wyllad ; subj. sg. wille, 
 ■wile, wylle; pi. willen, wyllen, 
 wylle; pret. wolde. 
 
 wille-burne, will-fl6d. See wylle- 
 burne, wyllflod ( wellspring, &o. ) 
 
 willian, w. v. to ■will, wish, desire, 
 long for. 
 
 wile, wyln, st.f. maid, maid-servant. 
 
 wilnian, w. v. 1. to will, desire, de- 
 mand, wish, supplicate, entreat. — 
 2. (local), long to go. An. 283; 
 Met. 20: 159. 
 
 wilnung, st. f. longing, yearning. 
 
 ■wil-, will-sele, st. m. pleasant dwell- 
 ing. 
 
 wil-, will-sid, st. m. wished-for 
 journey, much-desired trip. 
 
 wil-, will-spel, st. n. glad message, 
 good tidings. 
 
 wil-sum, adj. desirable, wished-for, 
 delightful. 
 
 wil-]?egu, st. f. agreeable fare or 
 food. 
 
 wil-wang, will-wong, st. m. delight- 
 ful field, plain, or expanse. 
 
 wil-weg, if. m. chosen way, pleas- 
 ant path. 
 
 wim-man. See wlfman (woman). 
 
 win, winn, st. n. 1. strife, conten- 
 tion, conflict, battle, uproar. — 2. 
 toil, labor, trouble. 
 
 win, st n. wine. [hall. 
 
 win-asrn, st n. wine-hall, drinking- 
 
 win-burg, st /. wine-burg, castle 
 or town in which wine-feasts are 
 held. 
 
 wincan, wincian, w. v. to wink, 
 close the eyes, nod to. 
 
 wincel, st m. corner. (Ger. wirikel.) 
 
 wind, st. m. wind. 
 
 win-dagas, st. m. pi. days of toil or 
 misery, life in this world. 
 
 ■windan, st abl. v. I. 1. to wind, 
 twist, turn one's self, move, stir, 
 fly, roll. — 2. intrans. to move hes- 
 
 . itatingly-hither and thither (GUI: 
 265). — 3. to wind, turn, swing; — 
 wunden gold, twisted gold, gold 
 wrought into rings, &c. 
 
 a-windan, to wind out of, to es- 
 cape, to withdraw, run away. 
 ae t- windan, the same as above. 
 be-, bi-windan, 1. to bewind, 
 wind about, surround, shut in. — 
 2. to fit in, imprint, impress (An. 
 58; Jul. 234). 
 
 ge-windan, 1. to wind, turn 
 about, entangle. — 2. intrans. to 
 turn or twist one's self, flee away, 
 betake one's self off. 
 
242 
 
 windbland — wisboc 
 
 on-windan, 1. to unwind, loos- 
 en, open. — 2. to turn round, re- 
 turn. An. 531. 
 
 ymb-windan, to elasp round, 
 hold, grasp. 
 
 ■wind-bland, -blond, st. n. wind- 
 blending, (the) commingled winds, 
 roaring of the wind. 
 
 windig, adj: windy, breezy. 
 
 win-drinc, st. m. ■wine-drink. 
 
 win-druncen, part, wine-drunken. 
 
 wind-sele, St. m. wind-hall; hall of 
 misery, hell. 
 
 wine, s't. m. friend, intimate, beloved 
 
 .. lord and husband. 
 
 wine-dryhten, -drihten, st. m. dear 
 lord, lord and friend. 
 
 wine-gebmor, adj. mourning for 
 friends. 
 
 ■wine-leas, adj. friendless. 
 
 wine-mseg.st m.dear relation,blood- 
 friend. 
 
 wine-scipe, st. m. friendship. 
 
 wine-tr§ow, st. f. true to one's 
 friend; conjugal fidelity. 
 
 wine-pearfende, part. needing 
 ' friends, friendless. 
 
 win-gal, adj. wine-mad, intoxicated, 
 exhilarated with wine. 
 
 win-ge-drinc, st. n. wine-drinking, 
 feast of wine. 
 
 win-geard, st. m. vineyard. 
 
 win-hate, w. f. invitation to wine, 
 wine-feasting. Jud. 8. 
 
 winia, winiga, winigea, gen. pi. of 
 wine (friend). 
 
 winn. See win (struggle). 
 
 winnan, wynnan, st. ail. v. I. 1. to 
 strive, struggle, fight, resist, op- 
 pose. — 2. to toil, exert one's self, 
 labor, compete with. — 3. w. ace. to 
 endure, bear. [endure. 
 
 £-winnan, to win, gain, attain, 
 ge- winnan, 1. intrans. to fight, 
 struggle (Gu. 421). — 2. w. ace. to 
 vanquish, conquer. — 3. w. ace. or 
 gen. to 'win, gain, attain. 
 
 wln-raeced, -reoed, st; n. wine-hall, 
 hall for drinking. 
 
 win-seed, adj. ■wine-sated, intox- 
 icated. 
 
 win-SBel, st. n. wine-hall, drinking- 
 hall. 
 
 win-sele, st. m. the same as above. 
 
 winster, wynster, adj. left, on the 
 left hand. 
 
 winter, st. m. & n. winter; — in pi. 
 = years. 
 
 ■winter-biter, adj. ■wintry-bitter, 
 cold. 
 
 winter-ceald, adj. ■wintry-cold. 
 
 winter-cearig, adj. grieved or troub- 
 led on account of great age, laden 
 with years. 
 
 winter-daeg, st. m. ■winter-day. 
 
 winter-fylled, October. Men. 184. 
 
 winter-ge-rim, .st. n. number of win- 
 ters or years (counted by winters). 
 
 winter-getsel, st. n. same as above. 
 
 winter-ge-wsede, st. n. ■winter- 
 weeds, snow. 
 
 winter-ge-weorp, -geworp, st. n. 
 snowstorm. 
 
 winter-rlm, st. n. number of winters 
 or year3. 
 
 winter-scur, st. m. winter-shower. 
 
 winter-stund, st. f. winter time, 
 , season, or hour. 
 
 win-]?egu, st. f. wine-feast, conviv- 
 ial drinking. 
 
 wir, st. m. wire, ornaments of wire 
 or filagree. 
 
 wir-boga, w. m. twisted or bent 
 wire. 
 
 wircan, -ean. See wyrcan (to work). 
 
 wis, adj. withered? Cra. 13. 
 
 wis, adj. wise, sage, experienced, 
 certain, fully conscious. 
 
 wis, st. f. wise, fashion. 
 
 wisa, w. m. director, guide, leader. 
 
 wisan, w. v. to guide, direct, point 
 out, show? Dan. 35. 
 
 wis-b6c, st. f. law-book, book of 
 wisdom. 
 
wiscan — witeswing 
 
 243 
 
 wiscan. See wyscan (to wish). 
 
 wis-dom, st. m. 'wisdom, knowledge. 
 ■wise, w. f. 1. wise, fashion, guide, 
 custom, habit, mode of acting. — 
 2. condition. — 3. state or circum- 
 stances of a case. — 4. direction. 
 5. species of song, melody. (Ger. 
 weise. ) 
 
 wis-fsest, adj. wise, discreet, sage. 
 
 wis-fcestlic, adj. the same as above. 
 
 wis-hycgende, part, wise-thinking, 
 sagacious, circumspect. 
 
 wis-hydig, adj. the same as above. 
 
 wisian, w. v. to direct, refer, show, 
 lead, guide. 
 
 ge-wisian, to direct, prescribe, 
 guide. 
 
 wislic, adj. certain, secure, trust- 
 worthy. 
 
 wis-lic, adj. wise, sagacious. 
 
 wis-wisslice, adv. certainly, surely, 
 decidedly. 
 
 wlsllce, adv. wisely, sagaeiously. 
 
 wisnian, ic. v. in 
 
 for-wisnian, to rot, decay, age, 
 wither. 
 
 wis-sefa, adj. (Grein), wise-souled, 
 sagacious. Sol. 138. 
 
 wist, st. f. 1. being, existence. — 
 2. well-being, wealth, happiness, 
 abundance (B. 1735). — 3. food, 
 nourishment, feed. 
 
 wist-fyllo, .si. /.abundant food,nour- 
 ishment. 
 
 wit, wyt, dual pron. we two ; — wit 
 Adam twa.wit Settling = Adam 
 (Scilling) and I; — gen. uncer; — 
 dat. unc ; occ.uncit, unc. 
 
 wit, st. n. wit, understanding, in- 
 tellect, sense. 
 
 wita, weota, w. m. sage, wise man, 
 philosopher, counselor, adviser, 
 senator. 
 
 witan, wytan, to know, be acquaint- 
 ed with 5 wit, wot;— pre*, pres. 
 indie, sig. 1, 3, wafc — 2. wSst, 
 
 wsestj ^l witon; subj. wite; 
 pret. wiste, wyste, wisse. 
 
 be-witan, to lead, guide, care 
 for, attend to. 
 ge-witan, to wit, wot, know. 
 witan, st. abl. v. V. 1. to look, be- 
 hold, see (Gen. 511). — 2. to follow 
 with the eyes or glance (accom- 
 panied by motions), start out for, 
 begin a journey, go (Met. 24: 52). 
 3. to rebuke, reproach, reprimand. 
 set-witan, to twit, reproach, 
 taunt, censure. 
 
 ge-witan, to behold, cast one's 
 eye in a certain direction (Ps. 
 79: 14); to move, start, go; then 
 as general verb of motion, with or 
 without reflexive dative ; followed 
 by inf. of a verb of motion, or a 
 verb expressing an action involv- 
 ing motion or the end or aim of 
 motion; with local prepositions, 
 or adverbs, or alone. 
 
 6d-wltan, to blame, scold, re- 
 proach, censure. 
 
 wite, st. n. punishment, death-pen- 
 alty or punishment, torture, dis- 
 tress, misery, hell. 
 
 wite-bend, st. m. &f. bonds of tor- 
 ture or punishment. 
 
 iwite-brdga, w. m. tormenting dread, 
 torturing terror. 
 
 wite-dom, st. m. prophecy, predic- 
 tion, presage. 
 
 wite-hraegl, st. n. penitential garb or 
 dress of one who expiates a crime 
 or an of£ense,or who pays a penalty. 
 
 wite-hus, st. u. torture-house, hell. 
 
 wite-lac, st. n. punishment, death- 
 penalty, punishment by death. 
 
 wite-least, st. f. immunity or free- 
 dom from punishment,penalty,&c. 
 
 wite-scraef, st. n. hole or pit of tor- 
 ment, hell. 
 
 wlte-swing, st. m. scourging, flog- 
 ging, punishment 
 
244 
 
 wiieb£o — wlanc 
 
 wite-b§o, st. m. tortured slave. 
 
 witga. See witiga (prophet). 
 
 witian, weotian, w. v. to order, dis- 
 pose, arrange, destine, conclude, 
 establish, attend to. 
 
 be-witian, to care for, attend to, 
 prepare, execute, effect, perceive. 
 
 witian, w. v., to. gen., to visit (?). 
 . Gu. 488. 
 
 witig, wittig, adj. witting, cogni- 
 zant, wise. 
 
 witiga,witega,witga,w. m. prophet, 
 seer, predicter. 
 
 Wltig-d6m, st. m. prophecy, predic- 
 tion, prescience. 
 
 witigian, wltgian, w. v. to prophecy, 
 predict. 
 
 wltnian, w. v. to punish, chastise, 
 correct, scourge, 
 ge-witnian, the same as above. 
 
 witodlice, adv. certainly, undoubt- 
 edly. 
 
 ■wit-rod, wil lig. See wig-trod, 
 witig (wise). 
 
 wid, I. prep, against ( = with in 
 ■withstand"). — 1. w. gen. (a.), to- 
 ward, to;— (ft.), against (ef. pro- 
 tection, defense). — 2. w. dat. (a.) 
 toward, to; — (6.) against, opposed 
 to, contrary (of hostility, resist- 
 ance^ sentiment); — (e.), against, 
 from(proteetionjdefense,security); 
 (<7.), from (separation); — (e.)^for,. 
 in exchange for (exchange, pur- 
 chase, sale, compensation; — (/.), 
 at, to, beside, by, with. — 3. w. ace. 
 (a.), to, toward, up to (to lean 
 upon or beside, to support one's 
 self upon; — (&.), toward and 
 against (hostility and friendliness); 
 (c), against, from (protection, de- 
 
 - fense, guarding; to be one's friend, 
 defend one's self against); — («?.), 
 beside, by, with; — (e.), at, upon 
 (B. 3049); — (/.), through, through 
 and through. — dat. & ace. often 
 
 interchange: no case found in 
 Fa. 50 ( = against, in oppo- 
 sition to. 
 
 ■wider, prep, against: (Ger; wieder, 
 wider. 
 
 wider-breca, -breoca, w. m. antag- 
 onist, opponent. 
 
 wider-broga, w. m. same as above. 
 
 wider-cwide, -owyde, st. m. con- 
 tradiction, objection. 
 
 wider-cyr, st. m. return. (Ger. wie- 
 derkehr. ) 
 
 wider-feohtend, port. & subs, antag- 
 onist, foe. 
 
 wider-gyld, -gild, st. n. compensa- 
 tion, return, recompense. 
 
 wider-hyegende, part, refractory, 
 stubborn, perverse,hostile-minded. 
 
 wider-hydig, adj. same as above. 
 
 wider-lSan, St. n. compensation, rec- 
 ompense. 
 
 ■wider-mgde, adj. hostile-minded, 
 inimical. 
 
 wider-me'do, st. f. hate, enmity, an- 
 tagonism. 
 
 wider-rashtes, adv. opposite, over 
 against. 
 
 wider-saec, st. n. contradiction, op- 
 position, strife. 
 
 wider-steall, st. m. resistance, op- 
 position. 
 
 wider-trod, st. n. return. 
 
 wider-weard, adj. -opposing, antag 1 - 
 onizing, hostile, refractory, stub- 
 born, rebellious, bad. 
 
 wider-weardnes, st. f. opposition, 
 enmity, hostility. 
 
 widre, st. n. resistance, opposition. 
 
 wid-steall, st. m. the same as above. 
 
 wiod, wiolena, (gen. pi. of wela), 
 wiordan. See w§od, wela, 
 weordan. 
 
 wlsBolice, adv. tranquilly, gently (?) 
 (Ps. 148: 5), for wraeolioe. 
 
 wlanc, wlonc, adj. rich, stately, glad, 
 lively, proud, insolent. 
 
wlatian — wordcwide 
 
 245 
 
 ■wlatian, w. v. to look, glance, gaze. 
 be-wlatiau, to look at, contem- 
 plate, inspect. 
 
 wlenco,wlencu r wlence,.si./. wealth, 
 glory, pomp; pride, arrogance, 
 haughtiness. 
 
 wlenoan, w. v._ in 
 
 ge-wlencan, to render proud, 
 adorn, decorate. 
 
 wlitan, st. dbl. v. V. to look, glance, 
 gaze, see. 
 
 and- wlitan, the same as above. 
 
 be-wlitan, the same as above. 
 
 geond-wlitan, 1. to look beyond, 
 
 look over, to contemplate. — 2. in- 
 
 trans. to look about, look around. 
 
 Cri. 60. 
 
 Jmrh-wlitan, to look through. 
 
 wlite, st. m. form, figure, aspect, 
 look; beautiful form,beauty,glory, 
 ornament. 
 
 wlite-andet (?), fitting or appro- 
 priate acknowledgment; confes- 
 sion. Ps. 103: 2. 
 
 wlite-beorht, adj. brilliant or lovely 
 of form or appearance. 
 
 wlite-leas, adj. without beauty, ugly. 
 
 wlite-seon, st. f. sight, aspect, ob- 
 ject. 
 
 wlitig-torht, adj. brilliant, lovely. 
 
 wlitig, adj. beauteous, lovely. 
 
 wlitige, adv. the same as above. 
 
 wlitig-fsest, adj. of unfading beauty. 
 
 wlitigian, «•. r. 1. to beautify, en- 
 noble. — 2. to become beautiful. 
 Seaf. 49. 
 
 ge-wlitigian, to adorn, beautify, 
 embellish. 
 
 wlQ, wloh, st. n. fringe, tuft, tatter ; 
 to characterize a small matter 
 (Gu. 1127) = bit (adverb ace.) 
 
 wlonc, wo. See wlanc, woh. 
 • w6oor, st. f. progeny, posterity, de- 
 scendants, race. 
 
 wod, adj. (wood), raging, mad, 
 senseless. 
 
 woddor, st. n. throat, gorge, gullet. 
 
 W6den, st. m. (cf. Wednesday)* the 
 god Wuotan, Odin. Gn. Ex. 133. 
 
 wod-prag, st. f. attack of insanity, 
 time of an attack ; madness, rage. 
 
 won, w6, adj. 1. bent, curved, 
 twisted, distorted, wrong. — 2. 
 twisted, perverse, eccentric, un- 
 equal, unjust, bad, mean, injurious. 
 
 wdh-bogen, adj. bent, crooked, 
 curved. 
 
 woh-fremmend, part, committing 
 injustice, doing evil. 
 
 w6h-godu, st. ii. pi. false gods,idols. 
 
 woh-haenied, st. ■«. unlawful cohab- 
 itation, adultery. 
 
 wolcen, st. m. n. (welkin), cloud. 
 
 wolcen-faru, st. f. flying (of) clouds, 
 cloud-drift. 
 
 wolcen-ge-hn2st, st. n. cloud-col- 
 lision (in a storm). 
 
 wol-dseg, st. m. day of pestilence. 
 
 wollen-te£r,a(7;'. with welling tears. 
 
 worn. See warn (blemish, &c.) 
 
 worn, st. m. howling, shouting, lam- 
 entation. 
 
 woma, w. m. noise, tumult, brawling, 
 horror, terror; — swefnes woma, 
 dream-tumult, vision, dream. 
 
 womb, won (wonn), wong, wonge, 
 wonian. See wamb, wan, wang, 
 wange, wanian. 
 
 wop, st. m. (whoop?), cry, lamenta- 
 tion, weeping, shrieking. 
 
 w6p-dropa, w. m. drop of pity, 
 tear. 
 
 wdpig, adj. weeping, lamenting. 
 
 wore. See weoro (work). 
 
 word, st. n. word. 
 
 word, si. n. injury, loss (?). Gn.Ex.65. 
 
 word-beot, st. n. promise in words, 
 plighted word. 
 
 word-beotung, **. /. same as above. 
 
 word-orasft, st. m. word-craft, art 
 of speech, poetic art. 
 
 word-cwide, -owede, -cwyde.stm. 
 speech, language, rhetorical ex- 
 pression, utterance. 
 
246 
 
 wordgebSot — wraest 
 
 word-ge-beot, st. n. promise in 
 words, plighted word. 
 
 word-ge-mearc,si. n.word-definition 
 or characterization, limitation by 
 words. 
 
 word-ge-ryne, st. n. word-rune, 
 secret expressed in or by words. 
 
 word-gid, -gyd, st. n. song, melo- 
 dious speech, language, saying. 
 
 word-glSaw, adj. ■word-clever, elo- 
 quent in words, fluent. 
 
 word-hleodor, st. m. word-clangor, 
 speech, language; sermon. 
 
 word-hord, st. n. -word-hoard, 
 treasury of words. 
 
 word-latu, st. f. laxity in fulfilling 
 commands, hesitation in obeying 
 orders. 
 
 word-ladu, st. f. converse, speech, 
 language. 
 
 word-lean, St. n. word-recompense, 
 reward for song. 
 
 word-loca, w. m. 'word-hoard; 
 speech. 
 
 word-riht, st. n. 1. -word-right, the 
 written law, law.— 2. right or fit- 
 ting word (B. 2631). 
 
 word-snottor, adj. wise in words. 
 
 worhte, pret. of wyrcan (to work). 
 
 wdrian, w. v. to roam, ramble, move, 
 roll in ruins. 
 
 ■world. See weoruld (world). 
 
 ■worn, st. m . multitude, number. 
 
 worn-ge-hSt, st. n. promise of mul- 
 titude, of numerous descendants. 
 Gen. 2364. 
 
 worpan. See weorpan (to cast). 
 
 worpian, w. v. to cast, throw, throw 
 at or upon, pelt with missiles. 
 
 word.wordig. See weord.weordig. 
 
 woruf, woruld, -old. See weoruf, 
 ■weoruld. 
 
 wod, st. f. voice, tone, cry, song. 
 
 w6d-bora, w. m. orator, speaker, 
 singer, minstrel, prophet. 
 
 wod-crasft, st. m. oratory, art of 
 speech or song. 
 
 w6d-gifu, st. f. gift of voice, speech, 
 or song. 
 
 wod-sang, st. m. song. 
 
 wrace, st. f. (wreaking) vengeance. 
 Ps. 93:1. 
 
 wracu, w./.(wreaking) persecution, 
 vengeance, punishment, misery, 
 torture, pain. 
 
 wrac, st. n. exile, banishment, 
 persecution, oppression, misery, 
 grief. 
 
 wraec, st. m. exile, fugitive (B. 2613), 
 emigre^ outcast. 
 
 wraecca, wrecca, -wrecoea, wreca, 
 w. m. •wretch, exile, fugitive, 
 stranger. 
 
 wraec-faec, st. n. time of exile, ban- 
 ishment, misery. 
 
 wraec-hwU,st/. the same as above. 
 
 wraec-, wrec-lSst, st. m. path . of 
 exile, banishment. 
 
 wraec-lic, adj. 1. foreign, strange, 
 unfamiliar. — 2. unusual, uncom- 
 mon, extraordinary. — 3. wretched, 
 grievous (Gen. 37). 
 
 wraecllce, adv. 1. in exile, abroad. 
 2. strangely, wondrously. 
 
 wraec-maecg, st. m. exile, outcast, 
 wretch. 
 
 wraec-maecg, w. m. same as above. 
 
 wraec-man, st. m. exile, fugitive. 
 
 wraec-setl, st. n. place for exiles, 
 penal colony. 
 
 wraec-sid, st. m. exile, banishment, 
 misery, woful fate, wretchedness. 
 
 wrsec-st6w, st. f. place of exile or 
 punishment. 
 
 wraed, wraed, st. f. wreath, band, 
 ribbon. 
 
 wraene, adj. extravagant, lax, volup- 
 tuous, libidinous. 
 
 wreen-nes, st. f. extravagance, dis- 
 soluteness, lust, revelry. * 
 
 wraesnan, w. v. to alter, change, 
 modulate. 
 
 wraest, adj. fixed, firm, lasting, able, 
 strong. 
 
wrsestan — wrlhan 
 
 247 
 
 wrsestan, w. v. to wrest, twist, turn, 
 set in motion. 
 
 wraBste, adv. fixedly, firmly. 
 
 wraet, st. f. fret (?), fretwork, 
 ornament, oddity, jewel, work of 
 art. 
 
 wraetlic, adj. artistic, ornamental, 
 strange, singular, rare. 
 
 wrsetlice, adv. the same as above. 
 
 wrsed. See wraed (wreath). 
 
 wreed-, wred-studu, st.f. studding, 
 column, pillar, support. 
 
 wrad, adj. 1. -wroth, angry, cruel, 
 hostile. — 2. crooked, mean, cow- 
 ardly, bad. — 3. urgent, insistent, 
 violent. 
 
 wrade, adv. the same as above. 
 
 wrtdlic, adj. bitter, vehement, woful. 
 
 wrSdlice, adv. hostilely. 
 
 wrad-mod, adj. wroth-minded, 
 angry. 
 
 wrad-scraef, st. n. mean and woful 
 hole ; pit of misery or wrath. 
 
 wradu, st.f. strengthening material, 
 support, help, maintenance. 
 
 wreca. See wrsecca (exile). 
 
 wrecan, st. abl. v. III. 1. to drive, 
 push, urge, force. — 2. to expel, 
 drive out or away. — 3. to bring 
 before, deliver, utter, pronounce, 
 sing. — 4. to punish, wreak,avenge. 
 5. to press forward, hurry, hasten 
 to. 
 
 a-wrecan, 1. to drive off, out, 
 away. — 2. to strike, hit, pierce. — 
 3. to bring forth, deliver, utter, 
 pronounce. 
 
 be-, bi-wrecan, 1. to drive, 
 bring, fetch. — 2. to overturn, push 
 over or about, strike, flog. 
 
 for-wrecan, to drive forth, ex- 
 pel, banish. 
 
 ge-wrecan, w. ace. to wreak 
 vengeance on, to punish. 
 
 t6-wrecan, to drive asunder, 
 scatter, dissipate. 
 J>eod-wrecan, to ■wreak or 
 
 avenge on a whole people, take 
 
 summary revenge. B. 1278. 
 wrecca. See wrsecca (exile). 
 wreccan, w. v. to wake, rouse, set 
 
 up ; to urge, press, torment. 
 wrecoea, wrec-last. See wraecca, 
 
 wraec-last (exile). 
 wrggan, w. v. to set in lively motion, 
 
 excite, stir up. 
 ge-wr6gan, the same as above. 
 wrenc, wrence, st m.' 1. wrench, 
 
 crook, bending, curve. — 2. crook- 
 edness, deceit, cunning, intrigue. 
 
 — 3. modulation, song (Ph. 133; 
 
 Rid. 9: 2). 
 wrencan. w. v. to spin intrigues, 
 
 controversies ; — to " wirework." 
 wrenna, w. m. spy's or scout's horse. 
 
 Rim. 7. 
 wredian, w. v. to support, sustain, 
 
 uphold, strengthen, render firm. 
 a-wredian, the same as above, 
 under-wredian, same as above. 
 wred-studu. See wraed-studu. 
 wrgon, wrion, st. abl. v. V. & VI. 
 
 to cover, conceal, hide, cover over, 
 
 protect, defend. 
 be-wreon, to cover over, hide. 
 on-wrSon, to uncover, reveal. 
 wreoden-hilt , adj. wr eathen-hilted, 
 
 with twisted hilt. 
 wriced, 3d pers. sg. indie, pres. of 
 
 wrecan (to drive). 
 wridan, wridan, st. abl. v. V. to in- 
 crease, germinate, wax, grow up. 
 wridian,wridian 1 ip.'ij.same as above, 
 wrigels, st «. cover, veil. 
 wrigian, to. v. to strive, struggle, 
 
 press forward, endeavor, dare, 
 
 venture. 
 wrlhan, st abl. v. V. to cover over, 
 
 hide, conceal, keep secret. 
 be-, bi-wrihan, same as above, 
 in-wrihan, to uncover, reveal, 
 
 disclose. 
 ofer-wrihan, to over-rig, cover 
 
 over, conceal. 
 
248 
 
 writ — wuldorgesteald 
 
 on-wrihan, to unrig, uncover, 
 disclose. 
 
 writ, st. n. writ, writing. 
 
 wrltan, si. all. v. V. to scratch, in- 
 cise, scribble, write. 
 
 S-wrltan, 1. to write out, put 
 down in writing. — 2. to describe 
 (El. 91).— 3. to form, fashion, copy 
 (An. 726). 
 
 be-writan, to write, about, de- 
 scribe, inscribe, 
 for-writan, to cut to pieces. 
 
 wrida, to. in. ring. Cf. wreath. 
 
 wridan, st. all. v. V. to wreathe 
 (writhe), turn, bind, fetter, tie. 
 
 a-wrldan, to turn, get ready, 
 prepare. 
 
 be-wrldan, to wind about, be- 
 wreathe, surround, envelop. 
 
 ge-wridan, to bind or tie on, 
 attach to. 
 
 on-wrldan, to unwreathe, un- 
 unbind, loosen, disclose. 
 
 wridan, wridian. See 'wridan, 
 wridian (to grow). 
 
 wrixl, st.f. exchange,change,barter. 
 
 wrixlan, wrixlian, w. v. to change, 
 exchange, alternate, barter. 
 
 ge-wrixlan, 1. to get by ex- 
 change, barter for. — 2. to compen- 
 sate, recompense. 
 
 wrlon. See wreon (to cover). 
 
 wrSht, st. to. & /. 1. accusation, cen- 
 sure, blame, reproach. — 2. crime, 
 sin, mischief, injustice, misery, 
 provocation, anger. — 3. strife, en- 
 mity, hostility, discord. — 4. harm, 
 hurt, damage, injury, misfortune. 
 
 wr6ht-bora, w. in. originator or stir- 
 rer up of strife or crime ; monster, 
 devil. 
 
 wrdht-dropa, w. m. drop, bloodshed 
 that brings sin or crime with it. 
 
 wroht-ge-teme, st. n. injustice, 
 wrong, crime, guilt. 
 
 wrSht-scipe, st. to. crime, outrage, 
 misdeed. 
 
 wroht-smid, st. m. worker of crime 
 
 or misdeeds, evil-doer, devil. 
 wr6ht-staef, st. m. mischief, misdeed, 
 
 crime, outrage. 
 wr6tan, st. red. v.. to root up, turn, 
 
 rummage, 
 wuce, w.f. week, 
 wudig, adj. woody, 
 wiidu, st. m. 1. wood. — 2. tree.— 
 
 3. forest, woods, 
 wudu-bat, st. m. woodboat, wooden 
 
 boat, 
 wudu-beam, st. m. forest tree, 
 wudu-bearu, st. m. (woodbarrow), 
 
 grove, forest. 
 wudu-blSd, st. f. tree-blossom. 
 wudu-feesten, st. n. ■wood-fastness, 
 
 ship. 
 wudu-feld, st. to. woody field, 
 wudu-fugol, st. m. woodfowl, forest 
 
 bird, 
 wudu-holt, st. n. woodholt, forest, 
 
 grove. 
 wudu-rSc, st. to. ■wood-reek, smoke 
 
 from the wood of the funeral pyre, 
 wudu-telga, w. m. wood-twig or 
 
 branch. 
 wudu-treow, st. n. wood-tree. 
 wuduwe, wudwe, wuht. See wid- 
 
 we, wilit. 
 wuldor, st. n. glory, praise, fame. 
 wuldor-bl6ed,st?». fullness of glory, 
 
 ecstatic glory. 
 wuldor-cyning, st. m. king of glory 
 
 or praise, God. 
 wuldor-dream, st. m. heavenly rap- 
 ture, joy of heaven. 
 wuldor-fseder, st. in. father of glory, 
 
 God. 
 wuldor-fcest, adj. glorious, splendid, 
 
 illustrious, noble. 
 wuldor-fseste, adv. same as above. 
 ■wuldor-gSst, st. m. spirit of glory, 
 
 angel, Holy Ghost, 
 wuldor-ge-steald, st, h.p\ glorious 
 
 possession, dwelling-place, realms 
 
 of glory. 
 
wuldor gif eu — wundorwyrd 
 
 249 
 
 wuldor-gifen, -geofun, st.f. glorious 
 gift, gift of glory, noble intellect- 
 ual power. 
 
 wuldor-gifu, st.f. same as above. 
 
 wuldor-gim, st. m. glory-gem, sun. 
 
 wuldor-harua, w. m. garb of glory, 
 brilliant robe. 
 
 wuldor-l§an, .st. n. glorious recom- 
 pense, (loan). 
 
 wuldor-lic, adj. glorious, splendid. 
 
 wuldor-maga, w. m. kinsman in or 
 of glory. 
 
 wuldor-mago, st. m. son of glory, 
 illustrious son. 
 
 wuldor-micel, adj. gloriously great. 
 
 wuldor-nyttie, st. f. remarkable 
 service, profit, gain. 
 
 wuldor-spgd, st.f. fullness of glory, 
 glorious wealth. 
 
 wuldor-sp§dig,atf/.glorious,famous. 
 
 wuldor-torht, adj. glory-bright, bril- 
 liant, shining, clear. 
 
 wuldor-brym, st. m. heavenly glory, 
 hight of glory, majesty. 
 
 wuldor-weorud, st. n. noble army, 
 heavenly host or inhabitant. 
 
 wuldor-word, st. n. word of glory, 
 glorious word. 
 
 wuldrian, ir. v. 1. to glorify, mag- 
 nify.— 2. to boast, brag. 
 
 ge-wuldrian, to render glorious, 
 marvelous; to magnify. 
 
 wulf, st. m. wolf. 
 
 wulf-heafod-tr§o,stre. wolf-headed 
 tree ; cross, gallows. Rid. 56 : 12. 
 
 wulf-heort, adj. wolf-hearted, hard- 
 hearted, cruel. 
 
 wulf-hlid, st. n. (pi hleodu), wolf- 
 slope,mountain-slope where wolves 
 or monsters live. 
 
 wull, st. f. wool. 
 
 wund, st. f. wound. 
 
 wund, adj. sore, wounded. 
 
 wunden-feax, adj. curly-haired or 
 maned. B. 1400. 
 
 wunden-heals, adj. with twisted or 
 curved neck. B. 298. 
 
 wunden-heord, adj. curly-locked? 
 B. 3151. 
 
 wunden-locc, adj. same as above. 
 
 wunden-msel, st. u. sword damas- 
 cened with twisted or complicated 
 patterns. 
 
 wunden-stefna, w. in. ship with 
 curved prow. 
 
 wundian, w. v. to wound. 
 
 for-wundian, same as above. 
 ge-wundian, same as above. 
 
 wundor, st. n. wonder, marvel, 
 monster, strange deed or work, 
 work of art; — instr.pl. wundrum, 
 wondrously, strangely.- 
 
 wundor-agrasfen, part, wondrous- 
 ly graven or chiseled. 
 
 wundor-bebod, st. n. wonderful 
 command, puzzling order. 
 
 wundor-be"acen, st. n. wonder- 
 beacon, strange sign. 
 
 wundor-bl§o, st. u. wondrous hue 
 or color. 
 
 wundor-clam, -clom, st. n.wonder- 
 clamp, fetter, strange band or 
 bond. 
 
 wundor-feet, st. n. (vat), vessel of 
 wondrous workmanship. 
 
 wundor-gifu, st. f. -wonder-gift, 
 wondrous endowment. 
 
 wundor-lic, adj. wonderlike, won- 
 derful. 
 
 wundor-llce, adv. same as above. 
 
 wundor-mad&um, st. m. wondrous 
 jewel. 
 
 wundor-sSon, -sion, st. f. wonder- 
 ful sight. 
 
 wundor-smid, st. m. smith that ex- 
 ecutes wonderful work. 
 
 wundor-tacen.st. re. wonder-token. 
 
 wundor- weorc.sf. m.wonder-work, 
 marvelous deed. 
 
 wundor-woruld, st. f. wonderful 
 world. 
 
 wundor-wyrd, st. f. wonderful 
 event, happening. 
 
250 
 
 wundrian — wyrcan 
 
 wundrian, w. v. to 'wonder, marvel, 
 admire, stare (at). 
 
 a-wundrian, to turn in a won- 
 derful wise. El. 581. 
 
 wundrung, st.f. 'wondering, wonder, 
 admiration. 
 
 wunian, to. v. 1. (Ger. wohnen), to 
 dwell, abide, sojourn in. — 2. to 
 stand, consist, remain, last, per- 
 severe, hold out. 
 
 ge-wunian, 1. to dwell, tarry, 
 sojourn, be, in; — past part, living, 
 dwelling, abiding. — 2. to, stand, 
 consist, remain, last, bold out; — 
 w. ace. to stand by, cling to, be de- 
 pendent on. — 3. to accustom one's 
 self, be wont (Ger. gewohnen). 
 
 purh-wunian,to persevere,hold out, 
 continue. 
 
 wunn, word. See wyn, wyrd. 
 
 wurma, w. m. (worm), murex that 
 affords the Tyrian dye; purple. 
 
 wurpan. See weorpan (to cast). 
 
 wurd, wurdan, wurdian. See 
 weord, weordan, weordian. 
 
 wutan, wuton, wutun, utan, uton, 
 (properly, 1. pers. pi. of witan, 
 used as hortatory subj.), w. inf. 
 come on! go to! cheer up! allons! 
 let us go! well! well then! let's! 
 
 wycg, wydewe, wyht. See wicg, 
 widwe, wiht. 
 
 wyldan, w. v. in 
 
 ge-wyldan, to tame, control, 
 bring into subjection. 
 
 wylf, st. f. she-wolf. 
 
 wylfen, adj. wolfish. 
 
 wyll, st. m. well, spring. 
 
 wylla, w. m. the same as above. 
 
 wyllan. See willan (to wish). 
 
 wyllan, w. v. 1. to •well up, to gush 
 or leap forth. — 2. reflex, to wallow, 
 roll round. 
 
 wylle, w. f. well, spring. 
 
 wylle-, wille-burne, tr. /. the same 
 as above. 
 
 wylle-, wiUe-ge-spring, st. n. well- 
 spring, water-flood. 
 
 ■wyll-, will-flod, st. m. same as above. 
 
 wylm, st. m. welling, surging; bil- 
 lowing; surf, flood. 
 
 wylm-hat, adj. surging-hot, fervent. 
 
 wyltan, to. v. (to welter), roll, turn. 
 
 wyn, wynn, wenn, -wunn, st. f. 
 joy, rapture, delight, delightful- 
 ness; — w. gen. the joy, delight of, 
 favorite. 
 
 wyna, w. m. name of an animal tjt 
 plant. Eun. 37. 
 
 wyn-be"am, st. m. joy-beam, tree of 
 delight (holy cross). 
 
 wyn-burg, st. f. happy or delightful 
 burgh, town, castle. 
 
 wyn-candel, -condel, st.f. joy-can- 
 dle, pleasant light (sun). 
 
 wyn-deeg, st. m. day of joy, win- 
 some day. 
 
 wyn-ele, st. m. joy-giving oil, win- 
 some oil. 
 
 wyn-fasste, -feste, adv. joyfully 
 firm or fixed. 
 
 wyn-ge-sid, st. m. winsome, pleasant 
 companion. 
 
 wyn-grSf, st. m. & ». delightful 
 grove. 
 
 wyn-land, -lond, st. n. land of de- 
 light. 
 
 wyn-le*as, adj. joyless. 
 
 wyn-lic, adj. delightful, rapturous, 
 pleasant, sweet. 
 
 wyn-lioe, adv. the same as above. 
 
 wyn-msg, st. f. winsome maiden. 
 
 wynnan. See winnan (to strive). 
 
 wyn-psalterium, st. n. psalm of joy. 
 
 wyn-r6d, st. f. rood of bliss, blessed 
 cross. 
 
 wynster. See winster (left). 
 
 wyn-, winsum, adj. winsome, de- 
 lightful. 
 
 wyn-sumllc, adj. same as above. 
 
 wyrcan, wyrcean, weorcean, wer- 
 can, wircan, to. v. 1. w. dec, gen., 
 or instr. to work, aet, do, make, 
 
wyrcend. — wyrt 
 
 251 
 
 get, prepare, institute, cause. — 
 2. w. ace. or gen. to work out, 
 merit, deserve. 
 
 be-, bi-wyrcan, to bring about, 
 accomplish, get, adorn. 
 
 for-wyrcan, to lose by misdeed, 
 forfeit; to condemn, curse. 
 
 ge-wyrcan, 1. w. ace. to 'work, 
 make, do, manufacture, construct, 
 fabricate. — 2. w. ace. to do, make, 
 accomplish, perform, commit. — 3. 
 to work out, -win, effect, deserve. 
 4. w. gen. to carry out, execute. 
 Sol. 386. 
 
 in-wyrcan, to work in, produce 
 effect, exert influence; to direct, 
 fix, appoint. 
 ■wyrcend, part. & subs, worker, 
 
 doer, 
 wyrd, wird, wurd, St. f. 1. 'Weird, 
 (one of the Norns or goddesses of 
 fate), fate, providence, destiny. — 
 2. event, fact, transaction. 
 wyrdan, werdan, w. v. to spoil, in- 
 jure, hurt, oppress, annihilate, kill. 
 £-wyrdan, the same as above. 
 ge-wyrdan, the same as above, 
 wyrdan, w. v. in 
 
 and-wyrdan, to answer. 
 wyrd-staef, st. m. decree of weird 
 
 or fate. 
 wyrfan = hwyrfan, to go, wander ? 
 
 Met. 24:44. 
 wyrgan, to. v. in 
 
 2-wyrgan, to 'worry, throttle, 
 stifle, strangle, destroy, injure, dis- 
 figure, 
 ■wyrgan, wyrgean, wyrigan, w. v. 
 to scold, abuse,imprecate,execrate, 
 bewitch, curse, condemn. 
 wyrgnes. See wyrignes. 
 wyrgdu, st. f. curse, imprecation, 
 
 malediction, 
 wyrhta, w. m. wright, worker, origi- 
 nator, creator, artist, artisan. 
 wyrig, adj. evil, vicious, bad, malig- 
 nant. 
 
 ■wyrignes, wyrgnes, st. f. abuse, 
 
 execration, reviling invective. 
 wyrm, st. m. worm, serpent, dragon. 
 wyrm-cynn, st. n. kith and kin of 
 
 worms, serpents, dragons. 
 wyrm-fah, adj. particolored, inlaid 
 
 or adorned with serpentine lines 
 
 of ornamentation. 
 wyrm-geard, st. m. wormyard, 
 
 dwelling-place of worms or ser- 
 
 pents. 
 wyrm-hat, st. n. worm-heat, heat 
 
 of the dragon. B. 897. 
 wyrm-hord, st. n. dragon-hoard, 
 wyrm-lic, st. n. serpent-body. 
 wyrm-sele, st. m. hall of serpents," 
 
 hell. 
 wyrman, w. v. to warm. 
 wyrnan, weornan, w. v. to reject, 
 
 refuse, repudiate, reserve, with- 
 hold. 
 for- wyrnan, 1. to reject, refuse, 
 
 decline, repudiate. — 2. w. ace. of 
 
 thing: to repel, hold at a distance, 
 
 escape from. B. 1142. 
 wyrp, st. m. throw, cast, fling, 
 
 blow. 
 wyrpan. See weorpan (to throw). 
 wyrpan, w. v. 1. to return, come 
 
 back, turn. — 2. to refresh one's 
 
 self, rest, recover. Exod. 130. 
 wyrpe, st. m. revolution, change, 
 
 alteration, remedy, relief. 
 wyrpel, st. m. varvels, silver rings 
 
 put on a hawk's leg, foot-ring. 
 
 Wy. 87. 
 wyrrest, adv. worst, 
 wyrresta, adj. the same as above, 
 wyrs, adv. worse, 
 wyrsa, wirsa, compar. adj. worse, 
 
 meaner, &c. 
 wyrslic, adj. bad, mean, evil. 
 wyrst, superl. of wyrs (worse). 
 wyrt, st. f. 1. wort, vegetable, 
 
 kitchen herb, sweet-smelling herb. 
 
 2. root. 
 
252 
 
 wyrtcyitfi — yppan 
 
 wyrt-cynn, st. n. •wort-kind, species 
 
 of fragrant herb, 
 wyrtian, w. v. in 
 
 ge-wyrtian, to spiee, season, 
 
 perfume. 
 wyrt-truma, wyrtruma, w. m. root, 
 
 root-stock. 
 wyrt-wSia, -wela, w. m. root. 
 
 wyrd, wyrde, adj. worth, worthy, 
 
 honored, dear, precious: , 
 ■wyrd, ■wyrd-, wyrdan, wyrdian. 
 
 See weord (».), weordan, weor- 
 dian. 
 
 wyscan, wiscan, m>. v. to wish, de- 
 sire, aspire to, struggle for. 
 
 wyt See wit (we two). • 
 
 yean, lean, icean, iecan, to. p. to 
 eke, increase, enlarge. 
 ge-ycan, the same as above. 
 
 ■yce, w. f. toad, frog. 
 
 ydwe, pi. intestines, entrails? Ps. 
 108:18. 
 
 yfel, st. n. evil, ill. 
 
 yfel, adj. evil, bad. 
 
 yfel-deed, st. f. evil deed. 
 
 yfele, yfle, adv., ill, badly. 
 
 yfelian, yflian, w. v. to hurt, harm, 
 
 , bring evil upon. 
 
 ge-yfelian, the same as above. 
 
 yfe-mest, yf-mest, adj. & adv. over- 
 most, uppermost. 
 
 yfle, yflian, yht, ylca, yld. See 
 yfele, yfelian, lent, ilea, yldu. 
 
 yldan, eldan, w. v. 1. intrans. to 
 hesitate, be irresolute. — 2. trans. 
 
 , to delay, defer, put off, procras- 
 tinate, detain, prolong, 
 for-yldan, to delay, put off. 
 
 ylde, ilde, st. m. pi. men, humanity. 
 
 ylding, st.f. delay, procrastination. 
 
 yldra, yldest. See eald (old). 
 
 yldra, mo. m. 1. sg. father (El. 492). 
 2. pi. one's elders, parents, ances- 
 tors, forefathers. 
 
 yldu, yldo, yld, st. f. 1. lifetime, 
 era, age. — 2. pi. one's age or years 
 (Ps. 89: 11).— 3. old age, age. 
 
 ylf, st. f. elf, incubus. 
 
 ylfete, ylfetu, st. f. swan. 
 
 ymb, ymbe, prep. I. m. ace. 1. local: 
 about, around, along. — 2. over,con- 
 
 eerning, of, in respect of, in rela- 
 tion to (w. vbs. of speaking, striv- 
 ing, caring, thinking, &c). — 3. 
 temporal: about, around (B. 219) ; 
 after; before (Sat. 426, 571).— II. 
 w. dat. about, around, concerning. 
 — In I. and II. it is. of ten placed 
 after the word governed: occurs 
 also without a case — adverbially. 
 
 ymbe-sittend, part. & subs, one sit- 
 ting or settled around, a near 
 neighbor. 
 
 ymb-hoga, w. m. care, anxiety, ap- 
 prehensiom 
 
 ymb-hwearft, -hwerft, st. m. rota- 
 tion, revolution. 
 
 ymb-hwyrft, st. m. 1. rotation, rev- 
 olution (Met. 28 : 20). — 2. surround- 
 ing, environment, circle, circuit, 
 extent. — 3. circle, globey earth. 
 
 ymb-lyt, st. m. circle, circuit, cir- 
 cumference, extent? Sat. 7. 
 
 ymb-sittend, part. & subs, one set- 
 tled in or around, neighbor. 
 
 ymb-sprseoe, adj. spoken about, 
 much spoken of. 
 
 ymb-standende, part, standing 
 about or around. 
 
 ymb-utan, adv. & prep, about, 
 around. 
 
 ymen, ymn, st. m. hymn, sacred 
 song. 
 
 yppan, w. v. to open, disclose, reveal. 
 ge-yppan, to unveil, reveal, be^ 
 tray. 
 
yppe — zefferus 
 
 253 
 
 yppe, adj. open, public, manifest, 
 known. 
 
 yppe, w.f. tribune, dais, high seat 
 in the hall. 
 
 ypping, st. f. heaping up, accumula- 
 tion, extent, expanse. 
 
 yr, adj. irate, angry. 
 
 yr, st. m. 1. bow. — 2. name of the 
 Rune y. 
 
 yre-pweorh, adj. irate, ireful, cross, 
 brusque. Jul. 90. 
 
 yrfe, w. n. inheritance, heritage. 
 (Ger. eibe.) 
 
 yrfe-lat, st. f. 1. property left, in- 
 heritance. — 2. heir, guardian of 
 the inheritance. Exod. 403. 
 
 yrfe-land, st. n. hereditary land, her- 
 itage in land. 
 
 yrfe-stol, st. m. hereditary seat 
 (stool), estate. 
 
 yrfe-weard, st. m. heir, inheritor. 
 
 yrgdo, yrhdo, st. f. cowardice. 
 
 yrman, w. ■«. to render miserable or 
 wretched. (Ger. arm.) 
 ge-ynnan, the same as above. 
 
 yrmen, yrmen-p§od. See eormen, 
 eormenpeod. 
 
 yrming, st m. wretch, beggar, needy 
 one, pauper. 
 
 yrmdu, st. f. wretchedness, misery. 
 
 yman. See irnan (to run). 
 
 yrre, st. n. ire, wrath, fury. 
 
 yrre, ierre, adj. 1. wrong, erring, 
 bewildered, lost, confused. — 2. 
 irate, wroth. [ire. 
 
 yrre-m6d, adj. angry of mind, fall of 
 
 yrre-weorc, st. «. ire-work, work 
 or deed of wrath, fury. 
 
 yrringa, adv. irefully, wrathfnlly, 
 furiously. 
 
 yrsian, w. v. to get angry or irate, 
 to pour forth indignation. Gu. 171. 
 
 yrsung, irsung, st. f. ire, wrath, pas- 
 
 ys. See is (to be). [sion. 
 
 ysle, w.f. powder, dust, ashes. 
 
 f st, st. f. storm, tempest, hurricane. 
 
 ystig, adj. stormy (cf. the "yeasty 
 waves.") [treme. 
 
 yte-mest, yt-ruest, adj. utmost, ex- 
 
 yd, st. f. wave, billow. 
 
 yd, compar. adv. of eade: more 
 easily; — superl. ydast, -ost. 
 
 ydan, w. v. (cf. Ger. ode), to waste, 
 ravage, destroy, annihilate, clear 
 away, strip. 
 
 ydan, ydian, w. v. to surge, rise in 
 billows; to roar, rage. 
 
 yd-bord, st. «. wave-board? ship? 
 shore? Cra. 57. 
 
 yde, adj. easy. 
 
 ydellce, adv. the same as above. 
 
 yd-faru, st.f. wave-current, water- 
 path, flowing waves. [find. 
 
 yd-fynde, adj. easily found, easy to 
 
 yd-ge-bland, -ge-blond, st. n. tur- 
 moil or tumult of waves. 
 
 yd-ge-s§ne, adj. easily seen,visible. 
 
 yM-ge-win, si. ». battling waves, tu- 
 multuous seas. 
 
 yd-hof, st. n. water-dwelling, ship, 
 vessel. 
 
 yd-lSd, st. f. water-course, path over 
 the sea. 
 
 yd-laf, st. f. wave-leavings, sand, 
 shore, beach. 
 
 ^d-lid, st. n. ship, vessel. 
 
 yd-lida, w. m. the same as above. 
 
 yd-mere, st. ■«. (mere), sea, ocean. 
 
 yd-mearh, st. m. sea-horse (mare?) 
 ship. _ 
 
 yd-naca, w. m. boat, vessel. 
 
 ywan, w. v. to show, reveal, point 
 out, announce. 
 
 aet-ywan, 1. to show, exhibit, 
 disclose, announce. — 2. to become 
 visible, appear. 
 
 ge-ywan, to show, exhibit, re- 
 veal, present, offer. " 
 
 6d-ywan, 1» to show, exhibit, 
 disclose. — 2. to show one's self, 
 to appear. 
 
 zefferus, st. m. zephyr (wind). 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR/ 
 
 § 1. — Alphabet — The Old English, after their conversion to Chris- 
 tianity, adopted the Koman alphabet with slight changes, d was crossed 
 to represent dh and the Runic characters thorn and ■wen (= th and w) 
 were retained, d and Tp afterwards became in sound indistinguishable; 
 that is, either character was used to represent either sound, dh or th. 
 
 § 2. — Pronunciation. — The pronunciation of these signs must be studied 
 from (1) the standpoint of other Germanic languages ; and (2) the traditional 
 pronunciation of Latin as it was spoken in England during and after the 
 seventh century. Modern English can give but little help. 
 
 § 3. — Accent. — The stress or accent is generally on the root-syllable, 
 or significant element. "A secondary accent may fall on the tone-syllable 
 of the lighter part of a compound or on a suffix." 
 
 $ 4. — Quantity. — Vowels and diphthongs are both short and long. 
 Length of vowel, however, can not be determined by the Mss. To desig- 
 nate a long vowel some editors, like Sweet and Sievers, use an acute 
 accent 4; others, like March and Zupitza, prefer the more customary 
 circumflex S. 
 
 § 5. — Umlaut. — This is the change in an accented vowel produced by a 
 vowel or a semi-vowel (i, w) in the following syllable. Exs. secan (Goth. 
 sdl-jan) ; ciest (from ceosan) ; liofad (from libban) ; men (from mann) ; 
 helpan (root hilp); bealu (O.H.Ger. halo); seofon (Goth, sibun), &<i. 
 Sievers finds a palatal-umlaut in rieht (riht, rylit), from reoht, cnieht, 
 cniht, from cneoht. See Sievers' Angclsdchsisclw Grammatik, § 101. 
 
 § 6. — Breaking. — Breaking is a change of an accented vowel brought 
 about by a consonant or consonants in the same syllable. Exs. eall, earm, 
 eorl, leoht, &e. What is called Breaking by Grimm and others is considered 
 u- and o-umlaut by Holtzmann and Sievers. Cf. bealu, eafor, &c. 
 
 5 7. — Sounds. — (A). Vowels. — In Old English there are the following 
 vowels and diphthongs: a, ae(a), e, i, o, u, y, oe, ea(ia), eo(io), and ie(ei). 
 Of these, ea(ia), eo(io), and ie(ei), are likewise used as diphthongs, a, o, u, 
 are gutturals ; ae, e, i, ce, y, are palatals. All diphthongs begin with a 
 palatal sound. 
 
 a = 
 
 a 
 
 in 
 
 far; 
 
 a 
 
 = 
 
 a 
 
 in 
 
 father. 
 
 se(a) = 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 hat; 
 
 £6 
 
 = 
 
 a(ai) 
 
 it 
 
 fate (air). 
 
 e = 
 
 e 
 
 tt 
 
 men; 
 
 § 
 
 = 
 
 ey 
 
 tt 
 
 they. 
 
 i = 
 
 i 
 
 tt 
 
 pin; 
 
 i 
 
 = 
 
 i 
 
 it 
 
 pique. 
 
 o = 
 
 o 
 
 tt 
 
 not; 
 
 6 
 
 = 
 
 o 
 
 it 
 
 note. 
 
 u = 
 
 u 
 
 a 
 
 full; 
 
 u 
 
 = 
 
 oo 
 
 tt 
 
 fool. 
 
 yt = 
 
 u 
 
 n 
 
 sur(Fr.); 
 
 f 
 
 = 
 
 ti 
 
 it 
 
 grim (Ger). 
 
 * This Outline is specially indebted to the masterly works of March and 
 Sievers. t Later y and y = i and i. 
 
256 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 oe ce (Kentish and Northumbrian) = e e (West. Saxon). 
 
 ea = e + a, — earm (e-arm); — ea = se -f- a, — gast (a-arst). 
 
 eo = e -(- o, — weorc (we-ork);— 60 = a 4- o, — deop (da-op). 
 
 (B.) Consonants. — 1. Liquids — 1, r. — 2. Semi-Vowels — j,w.— 3. Nasals 
 — m, n.— 4. Mutes (a), Labials — p, b, f, v; (6), Dentals — t, d, d, p, s; (c), 
 Gutturals and Palatals— c (k, q, x), g, h (x). 
 
 1 was pronounced as modern 1. 
 
 r was a strong trill, as in modern French. 
 
 j. There was no special sign for j (yot). This sound was most fre- 
 quently represented by i, g, ge, and ige = y in yea. 
 
 w was pronounced as modern w.* So likewise m, n, p, b, t, d. 
 
 f ( v) have the- sound of both f and v in modern English. Exs. of f : faeder, 
 findan, woffian, hasft, rsefsan, wulf, fif, &c. Exs. of v: ofer, gifan, 
 hlaford, sealfian. v is sometimes found in foreign words. 
 
 d, p. Both characters at first represented th ; but later, they stood for 
 dh too. In print p is initial, and & medial and final. This custom was 
 introduced by Grimm. 
 
 c (k is seldom found in the Mss.) is generally the sharp guttural; as in 
 eld, cyning, circe. In some cases, however, it had become palatal: m§- 
 ceas, sgcean, ecium, drencium, — that is, when i or e follows. 
 
 g is either a flat guttural: galan, gold, guma, gylden, glaed, gnorn, 
 grafan; or a broad palatal (before e, ea, eo, i): geldan, gieldan, geaf, 
 geafon, ge"otan, gift. 
 
 For g = j, see under j. gg is always written eg. ng is thus pro- 
 nounced engel (= eng-gel). 
 
 h. Initial h is a breathing: h8, hlaf, bring, hweet, &c. Medial and final 
 h is guttural (palatal) = German ach and ich. 
 
 x = cs or ns. 
 
 s had originally the sharp hissing sound: aunu, sittan, stondan, smael, 
 &c. Later it sometimes got the sound of z: llesde, rsasde, &c. 
 
 so seems to vary between a guttural and a palatal pronunciation: aceal, 
 sceaft, sceat, sceap, sceolde, as well as scser, scseron, scolde, sculan. 
 There seems to be no rule to determine th« use of- so and see: sceacan, 
 sceoc, sceaoen, and soacan, sc6o, scsecen, are both found. 
 INFLECTIONS. 
 
 § 8. Declension of Substantives. — In Old English the declension of 
 substantives shows more decay than in any other Germanic language. The 
 declension of a Germanic word is brought about by suffixing different kinds 
 of determinating elements to a Boot or Stem. If this word-stem end in a 
 vowel, we have — I. The Vowel-Declension; if it end in a consonant, we 
 have II. The Consonant-Declension. 
 
 § 9. Gender. — There are three Genders — Masculine, Neuter, and Fem- 
 inine. Gender is partly natural (sex), partly grammatical. Sometimes 
 grammatical gender is shown by the endings: the suffixes -a, -dom, -had, 
 are Masculine: -e, -nes, -ing, -ung, are Feminine. But most often gender 
 can be determined only by the article. Compounds follow the gender of 
 the laRt element. 
 
 * It was always pronounced before 1 and r. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 257 
 
 -Singular, Dual, and Plural. 
 
 § 10. Number.— There are three Numbers - 
 Outside of Pronouns, the Dual is not found. 
 
 § 11. Case.— There are five eases— Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accu- 
 sative, and Instrumental. In substantives the Dative and Instrumental are 
 alike. It is incorrect to print the Instr. sg. with a long e (e). Sometimes 
 in substantives and frequently in pronouns we find a pure Instrumental 
 form: folcy, ceapi; hwy, by. In Syntax, however, Dative and Instru- 
 mental are distinct. 
 
 § 12.— I. The Vowel (Strong) Declension. 
 
 Here only three vowels are concerned— a, i, u. Hence the vowel-declen- 
 sion is divided into three classes: {a.) The a-declension; (&.) The i-declen- 
 sion ; (c. ) The u-declension. Of these only the a-declension is found entire. 
 The other two had gone over more or less into it. 
 
 § 13. The a-declension.— 1. Monosyllabic Words. 
 (a.) Masculines. 
 
 Sg- 
 
 N. A. 
 
 stan (stone). 
 
 dream (joy) 
 
 i. 
 
 deeg (day). 
 
 
 G. 
 
 stanes, 
 
 
 dreames, 
 
 
 daeges, 
 
 
 D. I. 
 
 stane, 
 
 
 dreame, 
 
 
 daege, 
 
 PI. 
 
 N. A. 
 
 stanas, 
 
 
 dreamas, 
 
 
 dagas, 
 
 
 G. 
 
 stana, 
 
 
 dreama, 
 
 
 daga, 
 
 
 D. I. 
 
 stanum, 
 
 (6.) 
 
 dreamum, 
 Neuters. 
 
 
 dagum. ' 
 
 Sg. 
 
 N. A. 
 
 geoc (yoke). 
 
 scip (ship). 
 
 fast (vessel). 
 
 ■word (word). 
 
 
 G. 
 
 geoces, 
 
 scipes, 
 
 
 faetes, 
 
 
 wordes. 
 
 
 D.I. 
 
 geoce, 
 
 scipe, 
 
 
 faste, 
 
 
 worde, 
 
 PI. 
 
 N. A. 
 
 geocu, -o, 
 
 scipu, 
 
 
 fatu, 
 
 
 ■word, 
 
 
 G. 
 
 geoca, 
 
 scipa, 
 
 
 fata, 
 
 
 worda, 
 
 
 D.I. 
 
 geocum, 
 
 scipum 
 
 ,, 
 
 fatum, 
 
 
 wordum. 
 
 § 14. — Like stan and dr§am decline: — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ad, oath. 
 
 gar (spear). 
 
 
 sleep, sleep. 
 
 
 
 cnif, knife. 
 
 haeft, 
 
 prisoner. 
 
 stol, chair. 
 
 
 
 dead, death. 
 
 helm, 
 
 helmet 
 
 
 ■ stream, stream. 
 
 
 
 dom, judgment. 
 
 bring, 
 
 , ring. 
 
 
 pecrf, thief. 
 
 
 
 earm, arm. 
 
 mud, 
 
 mouth. 
 
 
 •wind, 
 
 wind. 
 
 
 
 eorl, man. 
 
 rim, number. 
 
 
 wulf, wolf. 
 
 § 15. — Like daeg decline hwasl, whale ; paed, path; stasf, staff ; that is, 
 words with ae before one consonant Before two consonants as is generally 
 retained in the plural: assp, asp; craeft, strength; gaest, guest, &c, have 
 pi. aespas, craeftas, gaestas (seldom gastas). 
 § 16. Like geoc and sc;p decline : — 
 
 col, coal. 
 dor, gateway. 
 geat, gate. 
 hof, courtyard. 
 hoi,, hole. 
 hop, hiding-place. 
 geflit, strife. 
 
 lot, cunning. 
 sol, dung. 
 spor, trace, 
 brim, sea. 
 clif, cliff, 
 hlid, cover. 
 genip, darkness. 
 
 lid, member. 
 
 twig, twig. 
 
 gebed, prayer. 
 
 gebrec, noise. 
 
 geset, seat. 
 
 gesprec, conversation., 
 
 gewrit, writing, &c. 
 
258 4& OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON. GRAMMAR, 
 
 These Neuters, with e or i, before a single consonant (from brim to ge- 
 writ, inclusive), frequently have eo or io, instead of e or i in" the plural: 
 gebeodu, cliofu, liodu, &e., as well as gebedu, clim, &c. 
 
 } 17. — •Like fset decline — 
 
 base, back. glass, glass. stasd, seashore.. ' 
 
 bsed, bath. grsef, grave. &aec, roof. 
 
 craet, crate. haef, sea. trasf, tent. 
 
 dsel, dale. sael, hall. swaed, track. 
 
 Occasionally as is found in the plural instead of a: staedu, scraefu 
 (stadu, scrafu), &c. 
 
 § 18.— Like word decline all neuters that are long, either by position, 
 (that is, before two consonants), or by nature : — 
 
 ban, bone. heer, hair. leoht, light. 
 
 beam, child. hilt, hilt. lif, life. 
 
 de"or, animal. hors, horse. lie, body. 
 
 fir, fire. hiis, house. sceap, sheep. 
 
 folc, people. lac, play. weorc, work, 
 
 god, good. leaf, foliage. wif, wife. 
 
 win, wine, &c. 
 
 § 19. — Eemaek 1. — In Northumbrian and in older West Saxon, the Gen. 
 sg. ended in -ass: domses, heofonaes. In Northumbrian a is also found: 
 biscobas, roderas. Sometimes for -es we find -ys: wintrys (B. 516). 
 Later, in West Saxon, this form became quite common. 
 
 Eem. 2. — The Dat. sg. ending -e is sometimes dropped: ham, seldom 
 name. 
 
 Eem. 3. — Words ending in -h lose the h in inflection: — 
 Nom. mearh. Gen. meares. 
 
 " feorh. " feores. 
 
 " seolh. " seoles. 
 
 If a vowel precedes the a, contraction takes place: — 
 Nom. eoh. Gen. gos. 
 
 " peon. " pgos. 
 
 " feoh. " feos. 
 
 " scoh. pi. so6s. 
 
 " h6h. " h6as. Dat. houm. 
 
 Rem. 4. — Some words ending in a double consonant lose one consonant 
 in the Nom. and Ace, but it remains in the oblique cases: weal, wealles; 
 ful, fulles, &c. 
 
 Eem. 5. — Three Neuters regularly strengthen the stem in the pi. by -er : 
 *S. egg; cealf, calf; lamb, lamb. They are thus declined: Sg. N. A. eeg, 
 G. aages, D. I. asge, PI. N. A. eegru, segeru, G. aegra, D. I. segrum, &o. 
 Sometimes oild has a pi. cildru; but in West Saxon it is usually declined 
 like word. In Northumbrian it is also masculine; hence cildo and 
 cildaa. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GKAMMAB. 
 
 259 
 
 sacu (strife), 
 sace, saece. 
 sace, saece. 
 sace, saece, sacu. 
 saca, sace, saece, 
 saca. 
 sacum. 
 
 t>rag, time. 
 g!6f, glove. 
 wund, wound, 
 ]?eod, people. 
 spraec, speech. 
 
 scolu, school. 
 sceamu, shame. 
 
 talu, tale, 
 pracu, violence, 
 wracu, revenge. 
 
 $ 20. — i(c.) Feminizes: — 
 Sg. N. ar (honor). gifu, -o (gift). 
 G. are, gife, 
 
 D. I. are, gife, 
 
 A. are, gife, 
 
 PI. N. A. Sra, -e, gifa, -e, 
 
 G. ara, -ena, gifa, -ena, 
 
 D. I. arum, gifum, 
 
 § 21. — Like ar decline — 
 dun, hill. 
 
 folm, hand. lar, love. 
 
 f6r, journey. mearc, boundary. 
 
 feoht, fight. sorg, sorrow, 
 
 beall, hall. rest, rsest, rest. 
 
 hwil, while. stund, hour. 
 
 } 22. Like gifu, decline — 
 
 cearu, care. lufu, love, 
 
 fremu, advantage, nosu, nose. 
 
 ]?egu, taking. 
 § 23. — Like sacu decline — 
 
 cwalu, death. ladu, invitation, 
 
 faru, journey. racu, narrative. 
 
 lagu, law. swadu, trace. 
 
 wradu, support, &c. 
 Rem. 1. — Rarely a (Jen. sg. in -ys is found: helpys (Ps. 101: 9). In the 
 oldest monuments the oblique cases of the sg. and the Nom. Aec. pi. ended 
 in -ae. In the Gen. pi. the regular ending is -a. -ena, however, is often 
 found ; and sometimes -na, -ona. These forms have come from the Con- 
 sonant-Declension. 
 
 § 24.-2. Polysyllabic Words.— (a,.) Masculines:—, 
 Sg. N. A. madum (treasure), heorot, heort (hart). nsegel (nail). 
 madmes, heorotes, heortes, nasgles, 
 
 madme, heorte, heorte, naegle, 
 
 madmas, heorotas, heortas, naeglas, 
 
 madma, beorota, beorta, naegla, 
 
 madmum, beorotum, beortum, nseglum. 
 
 $ 25. — (b.) Neuters. 
 Sg. N. A. husel,husl(sacrifice). waeter (water). weofod (altar). 
 
 busies, wseteres, waetres, weofodes, 
 
 husle, waetere, waetre, weofode, 
 
 busl, buslu, waeteru, waetru, weofodu, 
 
 busla, waetera, weetra, weofoda, 
 
 huslum, waeterum,waetrum, weofodum, 
 
 Here we have chiefly to do with derivatives in -ad, -ed, -els, -al, -ol, 
 -ul, -urn, -on, -en, -er, -or. If the stem is long, the vowel of the suffix is 
 lost in inflection. If the stem is short, the vowel of the suffix is sometimes 
 kept, sometimes lost. Usage varies. Examples: — 
 
 G. 
 D.I. 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 G. 
 
 D.I. 
 
 G. 
 
 D. I. 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 G. 
 
 D. I. 
 
260 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 $26. — (a.) Masculines: seppel, apple; betel, beetle; ceafor, chafer; 
 deoful, devil ; hungor, hunger ; hrSdor, consolation; finger, finger; hamor, 
 hammer; heofon, heaven ; heeled, warrior ; hagal (-ol), haegel, kasgl, hail ; 
 regen, rain; punor, thunder, &e. 
 
 5 27. — (6.) Neuteks: beacen, beacon; f6dur (-er), fodder ; gaful (-ol), 
 tribute; heafod, head; heolstor, shadow; leger, resting-place; mordur 
 (-or), murder; setel, seat; tungol, star; wolcen, welkin; wnndor, won- 
 der, &e. 
 
 $ 28.— Rem. 1.— When e is protected by position (that is, before 1 two 
 consonants, though it is sometimes retained before a single consonant) it is 
 retained. Exs.: faesten, mseden, masgen, nyten, hengest, faereld, fsetels, 
 &c.;— gen. sg. fsestennes, maegenes, faereldes, fsetelses, &c. 
 
 Rem. 2.— Words ending in -ad, -ed, -els, frequently discard the pi. suffix 
 -as. Exs.: six monad; hseled, fsetels. 
 § 29. — (c.) Feminizes: — 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 frofor (consolation). 
 
 ides (woman). 
 
 mserdu, -o (glory). 
 
 G. 
 
 fr6fre, 
 
 idese, 
 
 
 mserdu, -o, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 frSfre, 
 
 idese, 
 
 
 mserdu, -o, 
 
 A. 
 
 frofre, 
 
 idese, 
 
 
 mserdu, -o, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 frSfra, -e, 
 
 idesa, -e, 
 
 
 mserda, 
 
 G. 
 
 frSfra, 
 
 idesa, 
 
 
 maerda, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 frofrum, 
 
 idesum, 
 
 
 meerdum, 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 
 strengu, -o 
 
 (strength). 
 
 G. 
 
 
 strenge, -u, 
 
 -°> 
 
 
 D. 
 
 
 strenge, -n, 
 
 -o, 
 
 
 A. 
 
 
 strenge, -u, 
 
 -o, 
 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 
 strenge, -a, 
 
 -u, -o, 
 
 
 G. 
 
 
 strenga, 
 
 
 
 D.I. 
 
 
 strengum. 
 
 
 
 Here belong Abstracts ending in -ing, -ung, -nes, -u (o), -du (do), and 
 Derivatives in -ul, -ol, -el, -or, -er, &c. 
 
 Words of two syllables, if the stem is long, lose the vowel of the suffix 
 in inflection. If the stem is short, there is no syncope. This suffix must 
 end in a simple consonant. Exs.: saVwul (-ol), sawle; firen, firene, &c. 
 The vowel of the suffix is protected by position in such words as — candel, 
 candelle; byrgen, byrgenne; rseden, raedenne, &c. 
 
 § 30. — Eem. 1. — When syncope has already taken place in the Nom., 
 the words are declined like ar. Exs.: Sdl, disease; nsedl, needle; stefn, 
 voice; earfod, labor ; fsehd, feud; geogud, youth ; strengd, strength, &c. 
 
 Rem. 2. — Abstracts in -ung have the Dat. sg. in -a. This ending is also 
 found in the Gen., and sometimes even in the Ace. sg.: leornung, leorn- 
 unga, &c. 
 
 Rem. 3. — Words ending in -du (-do) are declined like mserdu. Many, 
 however, have lost the -u (o), and then they are declined like 3r. (See 
 Rem. 1, above.) Both forms are frequently found: cyd, cyddu; fsehd 
 fsehdu; strengd, strengdu; mserd, mserdu, &c. These were originally 
 words of three syllables, ending in Gothic in -iba. 
 
d2? OUTLINE OF ANOLO-SAXON GBAMMAK. 
 
 261 
 
 Kem. 4. — Some of the Abstracts ending in -u (-o) belonged originally to 
 the Consonant-declension; but in Old English they have for the most part 
 been taken into the a-declension. Such words are: aedelu, nobility; 
 brsedu, breadth; by ldu, boldness; feorhtu, fright; haelu, health; mengu, 
 menigo, crowd, many; ieldu, age; strengu, strength; snyttru, wisdom, &c. 
 
 §31. — 3. -ja-sTEMs. — (a.) Masculines. 
 
 Sg. N. A. 
 
 here, army. 
 
 hirde, herdsman. secg, warrior. 
 
 G. 
 
 heriges, herges, heres, 
 
 hirdes, 
 
 secges, 
 
 D. I. 
 
 herige, herge, here, 
 
 hirde, 
 
 secge, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 herigas, herigeas, hergas, hirdas, 
 
 secgas, -eaa, 
 
 a. 
 
 herga, heriga, herigea, 
 
 hirda, 
 
 secga, -ea, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 hergiim, herigum, 
 
 hirdum 
 
 , secgum, -ium. 
 
 
 (6.) Neuters. 
 
 
 Sg. N. A. 
 
 rice, kingdom. 
 
 
 cyn (n), race. 
 
 G. 
 
 rices, 
 
 
 oynnes, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 rice, 
 
 
 cynne, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 ricu, rlciu, 
 
 
 cyn (n), 
 
 G. 
 
 rica, ricea, 
 
 
 cynna, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 ricum, riorum, 
 
 
 cynnum. 
 
 $ 32. (a.) 
 
 — Like hirde decline — 
 
 Like 
 
 secg decline — 
 
 
 ende, end. 
 
 
 dyn(n), noise. 
 
 
 esne, servant. 
 
 
 hyl(l), hill. 
 
 
 lsece, leech. 
 
 
 hrycg, ridge. 
 
 
 mece, sword. 
 
 
 waecg, wedge, &c. 
 
 And all derivatives in -ere and 
 
 -scipe, as- 
 
 
 
 bocere, scribe. 
 
 
 
 
 baecere, baker. 
 
 
 
 
 fiscere, fisher. 
 
 
 
 
 freondscipe, friendship, 
 
 &c. 
 
 
 $ 33.— (6.) Like rice decline— 
 
 serende, errand; inne, inn; stycce, piece; w*ge, cup; wlte, punish- 
 ment; yrfe, bequest: and formations with ge-, as in gemyrce, boundary; 
 getimbre, building; ge-weede, dress; &e. 
 
 S 34. — Like cyn(n) decline — 
 
 bed (d), bed; bil(l), war-ax; flet (t), ground; neb (b), nib; net (t), net; 
 rib(b), rib; wed(d), pledge; spel(l), story; wicg,- horse, &c. 
 
 "Words whose stems ended originally in -ja (aja) form the Nom. Ace. sg. 
 in -e. This is j vocalized. In all other cases the endings are added to the 
 stem without showing any sign of original j, except in the umlaut of the 
 root-vowel. For e the oldest monuments have i,as in heri.endi.rici (Sievers). 
 The neuter hlg, hgg, hay, has retained j (= g) in all its forms. 
 
262 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 $ 35.— (c.) Feminizes. 
 
 
 Sg. N. ben (n), (-wound). 
 
 gyrd, (yard). 
 
 G. benne, 
 
 gyrde, 
 
 D. I. benne, 
 
 gyrde, 
 
 A. benne, benn. 
 
 gyrde, 
 
 PI. N. A. benna, -e, 
 
 gyrda, -e, 
 
 <t. benna, 
 
 gyrda, 
 
 D. I. bennum. 
 
 gyrdum. 
 
 36. — Like ben decline — 
 
 
 brycg, bridge. bell, hell. 
 
 seog, sword. 
 
 cribb, erib. nyt, use. 
 
 syll, sill. 
 
 ecg, edge. sib, peace. 
 
 saecc, strife. 
 
 fit, song. syn, sin. 
 
 wyn, joy. 
 
 37. — Like gyrd decline — 
 
 
 bend, band. hild, war. 
 
 yd, wave. 
 
 cyll, bottle. hind, hind. 
 
 blids, bliss, bliss. 
 
 eax, ax. hyd, booty. 
 
 lids, liss, grace. 
 
 heed, heath. wylf, wolf (/.) 
 
 milds, milts, kindness, 
 
 Rem. — The short stems assimilate the j to the consonant immediately 
 preceding. This gemination is generally simplified in the Nom. Sg. The 
 long stems show signs of original j only in the umlaut of the root. 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 G. 
 
 D.I. 
 
 A. 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 G. 
 
 D. I. 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 G. 
 
 D.I. 
 
 A. 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 G. 
 
 D. I. 
 
 $ 38. — (a.) — 4. wa-sTEMS. — Masculines. 
 
 bearu, -o, (grove), beijw, beo,(servant). sna.w,sna,(snow). 
 
 bearwes, beowes, b@os, 
 
 bearwe, ]?§owe, b§o, 
 
 bearu, -o, J?e"ow, bSo, 
 
 bearwas, Jpeowas, 
 
 bearwa, b§owa, 
 
 bearwum, b@owum. 
 
 snawe, 
 snaVw." 
 
 § 39. — (6.) Neutees. 
 searu, -o, (equipment). 
 searwes, 
 searwe, 
 searu, -o, 
 searu, -o, 
 searwa, 
 searwum, 
 
 tr§ow, tr§o, (tree). 
 treowes, 
 tre"owe, trSo, 
 tre"ow, treo, 
 tr§ow, -u, treo, 
 trgowa, 
 trSowum. 
 
 § 40. — (a.) Like bearu decline: horu, filth; heoru, sword; &c. 
 sae has the Dat. saewe, Gen. sees. 
 
 Like bebw decline: lareow, teacher; lattebw, guide, &c. 
 Like snaw decline: briw, broth; b6aw, gadfly; d6aw, dew; hlaw, 
 hlsew, grave-mound; ]?eaw, custom, &e. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR, 263 
 
 (6.) Like searu decline: bealu, evil; ealu, beer; meolu, meal; smeoru, 
 lard; teoru, tar; cwudu, cud; cngow is declined like treow. 
 
 Sg. Nom. hraw, hra, hraew, hrae, (corpse). 
 
 Gen. lirawes, hrswes, hraes, &c. 
 
 Dat. hraewe, hrae. 
 
 Ace. hraw, hra, hrsew, hrte. 
 
 PI. Nom. Ace. hraw, hraVw, hreaw, hrS, hrse. 
 
 Gen. hraewa. 
 
 Dat. hraewum. 
 
 Bem. 1. — In the Oblique cases o or e is frequently found before w, as 
 
 bearowes, bealowes, melowe, bealewa, bealewurn, &c. 
 
 Rem. 2. — Final w is sometimes retained, sometimes lost, as treow, trgo. 
 After consonants it is vocalized, and frequently written u or o, as bealu, 
 searo. 
 
 
 § 41.— 
 
 ■(« 
 
 .) Peminines. 
 
 
 Sg.N. 
 
 beadu, -o, (war). 
 
 
 
 stow, (place) 
 
 G. 
 
 beadwe, 
 
 
 
 stowe, 
 
 D. I. 
 
 beadwe, 
 
 
 
 stSwe, 
 
 A. 
 
 beadwe, 
 
 
 
 stowe, 
 
 .. N. A. 
 
 bead-we, -a, 
 
 
 
 stdwe, -a, 
 
 G. 
 
 beadwa, 
 
 
 
 stowa, 
 
 D. 
 
 beadwum, 
 
 
 
 stowum. 
 
 $ 42.— Like beadu decline: nearu, strait; sceadu, shadow; seonu, 
 sinu, sinew; fratu, adornment; gearu, geatu, equipment. The three last 
 occur almost always in the PI. fraetwe, gearwe, geatwe. 
 
 Like st6w decline: hreow, repentance; treow, truth. 
 
 Many have rejected the w, and are then in the Sg. indeclinable, as sas, 
 sea; §a, water; b6o, bee; brea, threat, throe, &e. These have -m in 
 Dat. PI., as Sam, seem, &c. 
 
 Rem.— Sometimes o or e appears before w, as beadowe, nearowe, 
 fraetewum, geatewa. 
 
 § 43.— (B.) The i-deelension. 
 
 There are only a few remains of the i-deelension, for it had passed over 
 almost altogether into the a-declension. In all the words of this declen- 
 sion some forms of the a-declension are found in the Sg., and all the forms 
 of the PI. frequently belong to the a-declension. It, shows i-umlaut wher- 
 ever it can appear. 
 
 § 44. — ( ra .) — l. Pure i-STEMS. — Masculines. 
 Sg. N. A. byre, (son). wyrm, (worm). 
 
 G. byres, wyrmes, 
 
 D. I. byre, wynne, 
 
264 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 PL N. A. byre, -as, wyrmas, Engle, Angles. 
 
 Gr. byra, wyrma, Engla, 
 
 D. bynun, wyrmum, Englum. 
 
 $ 45. — (6.J Neuters. 
 
 Sg. N. A. sife, PL N. A. sifu, 
 
 Gr. sifes, G. sifa, 
 
 L>. 1. sife, D. sifum. 
 
 § 46. — (a. ) Like byre decline many Masculines with short stems : bere, 
 barley; bite, bite; bryoe, breach ; bryne.brand; byre.event; cwide, speech; 
 eyre, choice; drepe, stroke; dryne, noise; ege, fear; flyge, flight; gryre, 
 fright ; gripe, gripe ; gyte, outpouring ; hryre, fall ; lyre, loss ; ryne, course ; 
 scride, step; sige, victory; slide, fall; scyte, shot, &c; ele, oil; mene, 
 neck-ornament; mete, meat; sele, hall; stede, place; haele, man; hype, 
 hip; hyse, youth; eiele, keel; hyge, myne, mind, thought ; pyle, speaker; 
 wlite, countenance, &c. 
 
 Like wyrm decline all long stems: frist, time; gist, guest; lyft, air; 
 steng, pole; streng, string; pyrs, giant; llg, flame; sw§g, noise; feng, 
 grasp; rec, smoke; smec, smell; stene, odor; sweng, Mow; wrenc, 
 wrench; dryno, drinc, drink ; swylt, death; wyrp, throw; hwyrft, turn ; 
 hyht, hope, &e. 
 
 Like Engle decline folk-names: Se(a)xe, Saxons; Myroe (Mierce), 
 Mercians ; Nord-hymbre, Northumbrians ; Egipte, Egyptians, &c. And a 
 few plurals : ylde, leode, ielfe, -ware, cantware, burh-ware. -ware has 
 likewise a weak form- — waran. 
 
 § 47.— Like sife are declined gedyne, din; gedyre, doorpost; gemyne, 
 care; gewile, will; ofdele, ofdsele, declivity; oferslege, lintel; wlaece, 
 tepidity. 
 
 A few long stems are to be found: gehygd, thought; gemynd, mind; 
 gewyrht, deed ; wiht, wuht, creature ; gepyld, patience; gecynd, gebyrd, 
 nature; serist, resurrection ; fulluht, baptism ; lyft, air; forwyrd, destruc- 
 tion; genyht, abundance; geseeaft, creature; ge]?eaht, thought. They 
 are declined like word, but have Nom. PI. in -u. Originally they were fem- 
 inines. See Cook's Sievers's Grammar of Old English, § 262, § 263, § 267. 
 
 The short stems have retained the i of the stem, but weakened to e. 
 In the other cases the i has dropped off, though not till it had caused 
 umlaut. 
 
 The Nom. PI. ends regularly in -e, but the ending -as is also found, as 
 byras, hysas. The long stems have i-umlaut to show their origin. Other- 
 wise they follow the a-deelension. 
 
 6 48. — (c.) Feminines. 
 Sg. N. A. gl§d, (gleed). deed, (deed). 
 
 Gr. glede, dsede, 
 
 D. I. glede, daede, 
 
 PI. N. A. glgde, -a, dsede, -a, 
 
 G. gleda, dseda, 
 
 D. gledum, deedum. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 2G5 
 
 § 49. — Like daed decline : ae, law; bysen, command ; bene, bench ; cw6n, 
 queen, woman; dryht, crowd; hyd, hide; lyft, air; nyd, need; tid, time; 
 bryd, strength; wen, hope; wiht, wuht, thing; wyrd, fate; wyrt, wort, 
 root, and many abstracts — fyrd, army; spSd, speed; gehygd, gemynd, 
 mind; gewyrht, deed; ge]?yld, patience; sent, possession; niht, night; 
 gesceaft, creation; Sst, favor; 'wist, food; yst, storm; serist, resurrec- 
 tion, &c. 
 
 seiist and lyft are likewise masculine. Many nouns of this class are to 
 be found, but they all end in consonants in the Nom. Sg. In the other cases 
 the i has either been weakened to e or disappeared. In all eases, however, 
 it has wrought Umlaut. 
 
 §50. — 2. Mixed Stems. — (a.) Masculines. 
 Sg. N. A. tod, (tooth). 
 
 G. 
 
 todes, 
 
 D. & I. 
 
 t§d, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 t§d, 
 
 G. 
 
 tSda, 
 
 D. 
 
 todum. 
 
 Like t6d decline fot (foot), and maun, moan (man).— mann has also 
 a weak form — manna. 
 
 § 51. — (6.) Feminines. 
 
 Sg. N. b6c, (book). burn, -g, (city). 
 
 G. b§c, burge, byrig, 
 
 D. & I. b§c, byrig, byrg, burge, 
 
 A. boc, burn, -g, 
 
 PI. N. A. b§c, byrig, burge, -a, 
 
 G. boca, burga, 
 
 D. bocum, burgum. 
 
 Like boc decline ac, oak; broc, breeches; gat, goat; gos, goose; lus, 
 louse; mus, mouse; sulh, plow; turf, turf; wl6h, fringe. 
 
 Rem.— cu has Gen. Sg. cu, cy, cus; PI. Nom. cy, eye; Gen. cuna; Dat. 
 cum.— niht is indeclinable, though a Gen. Sg. used adverbially, nihtes, is 
 found. 
 
 §52.— (e.) The u-declension. 
 The u-declension shows only an occasional word and a few forms of 
 other words. 
 
 (a.) Masculines. 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 sunu, -o (son). 
 
 feld (field). 
 
 G. 
 
 suna, 
 
 felda, -es, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 suna, -u, -o, 
 
 felda, -e, 
 
 A. 
 
 sunu, -o, 
 
 feld, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 suna, -u, -o, 
 
 feldas, 
 
 G. 
 
 suna, 
 
 felda, 
 
 D. 
 
 sunum, 
 
 feldum. 
 
266 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GSAMMAB. 
 
 The few words belonging here are : breogu, prince ; heoru, sword ; lagu, 
 lake; magu, boy; meodu, mead; siodu, custom; wudu, wood. The words 
 friodu, peace ; liodu, member ; headu, battle, are u-stems only in the first 
 member of a compound. 
 
 Like feld decline ford, ford; -weald, forest; sumor, summer; winter, 
 winter. 
 
 Rem. 1. — In the Gen. Sg. we find later also -es, as wudes; and also 
 in Nom. PI. -as, as wudas, sunas. 
 
 Rem. 2. — winter, though always masculine in the Sg., has the PI; forms 
 wintru, winter. 
 
 5 53. — (6.) Feminines. 
 Sg. N. A. duru, (door). hand, (hand). 
 
 G. dura, handa, -e, 
 
 D. I. dura, -u, handa, hande, hand, 
 
 PL N. A. dura, -u, handa, 
 
 G. dura, handa, 
 
 D. durum, handum. 
 
 Sometimes an Ace. — as nosu (nose) — is met with; but otherwise this 
 word is declined like gifu. 
 
 § 54. — (c.) Neuters. 
 No neuters are found: only a few forms are left, as feolu, feolo, feola, 
 
 fela. 
 
 $ 55.— n. The Consonant (weak) Declension. 
 
 
 THE • 
 
 ■n-DECLENSION. 
 
 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 hunta, (hunter). 
 
 gage, (eye). 
 
 tunge, (tongue). 
 
 G. 
 
 huntan, 
 
 eagan, 
 
 tungan, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 huntan, 
 
 eagan, 
 
 tungan, 
 
 A. 
 
 huntan, 
 
 Sage, 
 
 tungan, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 huntan, 
 
 eagan, 
 
 tungan, 
 
 G. 
 
 huntena, 
 
 eagena, 
 
 tungeua, 
 
 D. 
 
 huntum, 
 
 eaguni, 
 
 tungum. 
 
 Like hunta decline: bana, murderer; cempa, fighter; cuma, corner, 
 guest ; flSma, fugitive ; guma, man ; hana, cock ; hara, hare ; mdna, moon ; 
 nefa, nephew; oxa, ox; sefa, thought; steorra, star; p§owa, servant; 
 wlga, warrior; wrecca, exile, &c. 
 
 Like Sage decline Sare, ear; wonge, cheek. 
 
 Like tunge decline ceace, cheek; cycene, chicken; oyrioe, church; 
 eorde, earth; heorte, heart; hlaefdige, lady; lufe, love; molde, earth; 
 nunne, nun; siroe, coat-of-mail ; sangestre, songstress; sunne, sun; 
 bSowe, female servant ; wicce, witch ; 'wise, wise, &c. 
 
 § 56. — Rem. 1. — Occasionally strong forms are found, as stearres, bryd- 
 gumes. 
 
 Rem. 2. -ena is the regular ending of the Gen. Pl. ; but sometimes we 
 find -ana, -ona, — seldom -una. A contracted form, -na, also occurs. 
 
AX OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 267 
 
 Rem. 3. — When the final consonant is lost, contraction takes place, as — 
 
 1. Masculines. 
 
 frga, lord; gefga, joy; lgo, lion; twSo, doubt; Swgon, PI. Swedes; 
 Gen. Dat. Ace. Sg. frgan, twgon; Dat. PI. frgaum, leourn, &o. 
 
 2. Feminines. 
 
 beo, bee ; A3, arrow ; reo, covering ; s@o, pupil ;. rS, roe ; tt, toe ; Sg. 
 Gen. Dat. Ace. tan, taan; PI. Nom. Aec. tSn, taan; Gen. tana; Dat. 
 tS (n) um ; Gen. bSon, &e. The word fUi is weak, but we find a strong form 
 belonging to the a-deelension — flan, Gen. flanes. 
 
 §57. — III. Anomalies. — (a.) t-stems. 
 The declension of these stems is mixed with the vowel-declension. 
 They are thus declined: — 
 
 Masculines. 
 
 Sg. N. faeder, (father). br6dor(-ur,Ps.), (brother). 
 
 G. feeder, -res, brSdor, 
 
 D. I. faeder, brgder, 
 
 A. fseder, brodor, 
 
 PI. N. A. fasderas, brddor, -dru, 
 
 G. faedera, brSdra, 
 
 D. faederum. brddrum. 
 
 Feminines. 
 
 Sg. N. m6dor, -ur, (mother), dohtor, (daughter), sweostor, (sister). 
 
 G. modor, -er, dohtor, sweostor, 
 
 D. I. m6der, dehter, sweostor, 
 
 A. modor, dohtor, sweostor, 
 
 PI. N. A. modra, dohtor, -tru, -tra, sweostor, 
 
 G. modra, dohtra, sweostra, 
 
 D. mQdrum, dohtrum, sweostrum. 
 
 Rem. — Instead of -or we find frequently -er. 
 
 § 58. — (6.) nd-STEMS. 
 
 Sg. N. frgond, (friend). 
 
 G. freondes, 
 
 D. I. frgonde, 
 
 A. frgond, 
 
 PI. N. A. frSondas, frgond, frynd, 
 
 G. frgonda, 
 
 D. frgondum. 
 
 Participles used as nouns are thus declined: fgond is declined like 
 frgond. As a rule they follow the a-declension ; but in Nom. Ace. PI. they 
 show weak forms— frgond, fSond; and also forms of the i-declension— 
 frynd, fynd. 
 
 Rem.— Words of two syllables have the Nom. PI. sometimes in -e, as 
 hettend or hettende ; and the Gen. PI. in -ra, as wigendra. 
 
288 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 § 59. — Declension op Proper Names. 
 1. Names of Persons. 
 
 Masculine Proper Names, if they end in a consonant or -e or in -sunu, 
 follow the vowel-declension, as Aelfric, Hrodgar, Ine, Leofsmiu, &c. Those 
 in -e follow the i-declension ; and compounds in -sunu, the u-declension. 
 
 Rem. — Masculines in -a are weak, as Offa, Offan; Aetla, Aetlan. Fem- 
 inine Proper Names, if they end in a consonant or in u-, follow the 
 a-declension, as Begu, Hild, Hygd. 
 
 Rem. — Those ending in -e are weak, as Eve, Evan; Marie, Marian, &c. 
 
 Foreign Proper Names sometimes follow the custom of Anglo-Saxon 
 Names ; sometimes they are declined as in the language from which they 
 come ; and sometimes they are not declined at all. The Gen. and Dat. 
 have generally English inflection, as Herodes, Agustine. 
 
 § 60. — 2. Names op Peoples. 
 Folk-names seldom occur in the Sg., as tn Bret. They are generally 
 plural, and end in -as, -e, and -an. Those in -as and -e are strong; those 
 in -an are weak. The Sg. is generally represented by an adjective with a 
 noun, as egyptiso man, ides. Often a collective noun with Gen. PI. is 
 used, as Seaxna peod; Filistea folc. 
 
 § 61. — 3. Names op Countries. 
 Names of Countries are seldom found, as Angel, Bryton. Generally we 
 find a preposition with the folk-name in an oblique case or the Gen. PI. de- 
 pending on land, rice, 6del, &c; as on Frisum, of Seaxum, Francena 
 rice, Norduymbra rice. 
 
 5 62. — 4. Names op Cities. 
 Names of Cities are sometimes declined, but generally they are used 
 with appellations like burn, ceaster, wic, ham, tun, &c. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 269 
 
 CHAPTEE II. 
 
 DECLENSION OF ADJECTIVES. 
 
 § 63. — Adjectives have two Declensions,— a Vowel (Strong), and a Con- 
 sonant (Weak) Declension. The endings of the "Weak Declension agree 
 exactly with those of weak substantives. Most adjectives can "be inflected 
 in either way. The weak inflection is used after the definite article and 
 demonstratives generally. Adjectives have three genders, and five eases. 
 
 § 64. — (A.) The Strong Declension. 
 The strong inflection of Adjectives has been materially influenced by 
 the pronominal declension. The a-declension has almost completely ab- 
 sorbed the i- and the u- declension. 
 
 § 65.— 1. a-DSCLENSioN.— («.) Short Stems. 
 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 til, (useful). 
 
 tilu, til, 
 
 til, 
 
 G. 
 
 tiles, 
 
 tilre, 
 
 tiles, 
 
 D. 
 
 tilum, 
 
 tilre, 
 
 tilum, 
 
 A. 
 
 tUne, 
 
 tile, 
 
 til, 
 
 I. 
 
 tile, 
 
 (tilre), 
 
 tile, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 tile, 
 
 tile, 
 
 tilu, -e, 
 
 G. 
 
 tilr a, 
 
 tilra, 
 
 tilra, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 tilum, 
 
 tilum, 
 
 tilum. 
 
 (b.) 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 glsed, (glad). 
 
 gladu, -o. 
 
 glsed, 
 
 G. 
 
 glades, 
 
 glasdre, 
 
 glades, 
 
 D. 
 
 gladum. 
 
 glasdre, 
 
 gladum, 
 
 A. 
 
 gl=eclne, 
 
 glade, 
 
 glasd, 
 
 I. 
 
 glade, 
 
 (glaedre), 
 
 glade, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 glade, 
 
 glada, -e, 
 
 gladu, -o, 
 
 G. 
 
 glssdra, 
 
 glaedra, 
 
 glaedra, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 gladum. 
 
 gladum, 
 
 gladum. 
 
 
 $ 66. — (6.) Lokg Stems. 
 
 
 (a.) 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 Sg.N. 
 
 god, (good). 
 
 gSd, 
 
 gdd, 
 
 G. 
 
 gddes, 
 
 godre, 
 
 godes, 
 
 D. 
 
 godum, 
 
 gddre, 
 
 godum, 
 
 A. 
 
 godne, 
 
 gode, 
 
 gdd, 
 
 r. 
 
 gflde, 
 
 (gddre), 
 
 gdde, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 gode, 
 
 goda, -e, 
 
 g6d, 
 
 G. 
 
 godra, 
 
 g8dra, 
 
 godra, 
 
 D.I. 
 
 godum. 
 
 godum. 
 
 godunx. 
 
270 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON. GRAMMAS.. 
 
 (6.) 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 
 Sg.N. 
 
 blind, (blind). 
 
 blind, -u, 
 
 blind, 
 
 
 G. 
 
 blindes, 
 
 blindre, 
 
 blindes, 
 
 
 D. 
 
 blindum, 
 
 blindre, 
 
 blindum, 
 
 
 A. 
 
 b Undue, 
 
 blinde, 
 
 blind, 
 
 
 I. 
 
 blinde, 
 
 (blindre), 
 
 blinde, 
 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 blinde, 
 
 blinda, -e, 
 
 blind, -e, 
 
 
 G. 
 
 blindra, 
 
 blindra, 
 
 blindra, 
 
 
 D.I. 
 
 blindum, 
 
 blindum, 
 
 blindum. 
 
 
 
 § 67.- 
 
 -(c) Polysyllabic 1 
 
 Stems. 
 
 
 Sg.N. 
 
 halig, (holy). 
 
 haligu, -o ; halgu, 
 
 -o; halig, 
 
 
 G. 
 
 halges, 
 
 haligre, 
 
 halges, 
 
 
 D. 
 
 halgum, 
 
 haligre, 
 
 halgum, 
 
 
 A. 
 
 haligne, 
 
 halge, 
 
 halig, 
 
 
 I. 
 
 halge, 
 
 (haligre), 
 
 halge, 
 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 halge, 
 
 halga, -e, 
 
 haligu, -o; 
 
 halgu,-o; 
 
 G. 
 
 haligra, 
 
 haligra, 
 
 haligra, 
 
 [halig. 
 
 D.I. 
 
 halgum, 
 
 halgum, 
 
 halgum. 
 
 
 §.68. — Like til decline dol, dull; hoi, hollow; cwio, quick, alive; tarn, 
 tame; ■wan, wan, &c.; and all adjectives ending in -lie and -sum. 
 
 § 69. — Like glasd decline baer, bare; blase, black; hwast, sharp; 
 hraed, quick; last, late; smael, small; spser, spare; waer, ware, &e. 
 
 § 70. — Like g6d and blind decline all long stems: blSc, pale; brSd, 
 broad; d§af, deaf; dgop, deep; rum, roomy; sar, sore; beald, bold; 
 beorht, bright; ceald, cold; eald, old; forht, timid; grimm, fierce; 
 wlanc, proud, &c. 
 
 § 71. — Like halig decline all derivatives in -ol, -el, -or, -er, -en, and -ig. 
 These sometimes retain the e of the suffix, as faeger ; Gen. faegeres, fasgres. 
 Exs.: Sadig, blessed; famig, foamy; hrgmig, noisy; manig, many; lytel, 
 little; micel, much: yfel, evil; hnitol, butting; sticol, sharp; sweotol, 
 clear; bitter, bitter; fasger, fair; snottor, wise; hseden, heathen; 
 gilpen, boastful; gylden, golden; iren, iron; staenen, stony; — as well 
 as the preterit participles of many verbs, &c. Those in -ol rarely con- 
 tract. 
 
 § 72. — The principal differences between the declension of Strong Ad- 
 jectives and that of Strong Substantives are these: The Adj. has the Dat. 
 Sg. Mase. and Neut. in -um (subs, in -e); the Gen. and Dat. Sg. Fem. 
 in -re (subs, in -e); in Ace. Sg. Mase. the ending is -ne (subs, uninflected); 
 in the PI. Nom. Ace. Mase. the ending is -e (subs, -as); in Nom. Ace. Neut. 
 -u or -e (subs, -u, or uninflected); in the Gen. -ra (subs. -a). The Instru- 
 mental Sg. Mase. and Neut. ends in -e (subs, like the Dat.). 
 
 § 73.— Rem. 1. — Adjectives in -en have Ace. Sg. Mase. in -ne, as haV 
 denne, agenne, agene. Those in -er have Dat. Sg. in -erre, as fsegerre; 
 Gen. PI. in -erra, as feegerra, or feegera. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR, 271 
 
 Eem. 2.— Words in -h, as fSh, hostile; heah, high; hreoh, rough; w6h, 
 bent; run, rough (G. ruwes); bweorh, diagonal, &e., lose the h in forms 
 of more than one syllable. 
 
 Masculine. Feminine. Neuter. * 
 
 Sg. N. hga(h), (high). hga(h), hga(h), 
 
 G. hga(ge)s, hgarre, hga(ge)s, 
 
 D. hga(g)um, hearre, hga(g)um, 
 
 A. hganne, h§a(ge), hga(h), 
 
 I. hea(ge), (agare), h§a(ge), 
 
 PI. N. A. hga (ge), hga (ge), hga (gu), 
 
 G. hgarra, hearra, hearra, 
 
 D. I. hga (g) um, hga (g) urn, h6a (g) um. 
 
 §74. — 2. ja-DECLENSiON. — (a.) Short Stems. 
 
 Original short stems are inflected like those of the a-stems with double 
 
 consonantal ending, as mid, middle (middes); nyt, useful; gesib, akin; 
 
 niwe, new (niwne, niwra, or neowne.fe. ); frio, free (Gr. friges ; D. frigum ; 
 
 N. PI. frige, G. D. Sg. Pem. More; G. PI. Mora; N. & A. PI. Masc. Mo; 
 
 3g. Masc. Mone, 
 
 &c. 
 
 § 75.- 
 
 —(6.) Long Stems. 
 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 g. N. grSne, (green). 
 
 grenu, -o, 
 
 grgne, 
 
 G. grenes, 
 
 
 
 grenre, 
 
 grgnes, 
 
 D. grenum. 
 
 
 
 grinre, 
 
 grenum, 
 
 A. grgnne, 
 
 
 
 grene, 
 
 grgne, 
 
 I. grgne, 
 
 
 
 (grenre), 
 
 grgne, 
 
 NT. A. grgne, 
 
 
 
 grgna, -e, 
 
 grSnu, -o, 
 
 G. grgnra, 
 
 
 
 grenra, 
 
 grgnra, 
 
 D. I. grenum, 
 
 
 
 grenum, 
 
 grenum. 
 
 PI. N 
 
 Words like gifre, syfre, fscne, &c, insert a vowel when an unlike con- 
 sonant follows, as syferne, fcecenra ; but A. Sg. Masc. faecne; G. PI. sf fra. 
 
 5 76. — Like grene decline— 
 
 blide, blithe; breme, celebrated; ogne, bold; dyrne, dark, secret; 
 yrre, mad; faecne, sinful; sefte, soft; swgte, sweet; claene, clean; gee, 
 eternal; maere, renowned; syfre, sober. Also verbal adjectives like genge, 
 current; geneeme, agreeable ; and derivatives in -baere, -ede, -ihte, &c. 
 
 
 
 
 3. wa-DECLENSION. 
 
 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 Sg.N. 
 
 gearu, (rea 
 
 ay). 
 
 gearu, -o, 
 
 gearu, -o, 
 
 G. 
 
 gearwes, 
 
 
 gearore, 
 
 gearwes, 
 
 D. 
 
 gearwum, 
 
 
 gearore, 
 
 gearwum, 
 
 A. 
 
 gearone, 
 
 
 gearwe, 
 
 gearu, -o, 
 
 I. 
 
 gearwe, 
 
 
 (gearore), 
 
 gearwe, 
 
 PI. N. A. 
 
 gearwe, 
 
 
 gearwa, -e, 
 
 gearu, 
 
 G. 
 
 gearora, 
 
 
 gearora, 
 
 gearora, 
 
 D I. 
 
 gearwum, 
 
 
 gearwum, 
 
 gearwum. 
 
272 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GBAHMAR. 
 
 § 77. — (a.) Words with a simple consonant before the w, change this 
 w, when final, to -o, -u (-a) ; when before a consonant, to -o. So are de- 
 clined earu^swift; calu, bald; fealu, fallow; basu, brown; hasu, hazel; 
 mearu, tender; nearu, narrow; salu, sallow, &c. 
 
 $ 78. — (6.) Words with a long vowel or a diphthong before the w, retain 
 this w in all the forms, but do not otherwise differ from the inflection of 
 the a-declension. So are declined gleaw, prudent ; hneaw, stringy ; rebw, 
 wild; r6w, gentle; slaw, slow; &c. 
 
 The i-declension and the u-declension present so few remains that a 
 paradigm can not be formed from them. See Sievers's Angelsachsische 
 Grammatik, § 302, § 303. 
 
 § 79. — (B.) The Weak Declension. 
 
 This is just like the weak declension of substantives, with the exception 
 of the G. PI. Here we generally find -ra : -eua is occasionally found. 
 
 ;.N. 
 
 se goda, 
 
 seo gode, 
 
 baet gode, 
 
 G. 
 
 pses godan, 
 
 bEere godan, 
 
 pees godan, 
 
 r>. 
 
 bam godan, 
 
 beere godan, 
 
 t>am godan, 
 
 A. 
 
 pone godan, 
 
 pa. godan, 
 Masc, Fern., Neut. 
 
 baet gode. 
 
 .A. 
 
 
 J>a godan, 
 
 
 G. 
 
 
 para godra, -ena, 
 
 -ana, 
 
 D. 
 
 
 l^am godum. 
 
 
 PI. N. 
 
 § 80. — Participles, both Present and Preterit, are declined like Adjec- 
 tives. 
 
 § 81. — Comparison of Adjectives. 
 The Comparative and Superlative are formed by -or, -ost (-ir, -est, -ust). 
 Sometimes a Superlative in -ma, -dema, is found. The Comparative of the 
 Adjective is always weak, as -ra, ISofra, ISofre. 
 
 Exs. — heard, heardra, hear dost; leof, leofra, leofost; glasd, glaedra, 
 gladost; faeger, fasgerra, fsegrost. 
 
 § 82. — Examples with Umlaut. 
 
 Positive. 
 
 Comparative. 
 
 Superlative. 
 
 eald, 
 
 ieldra, 
 
 ieldest, 
 
 lang, 
 
 lengra, 
 
 lengest, 
 
 Strang, 
 
 strengra, 
 
 strengest, 
 
 sceort, 
 
 scyrtra, 
 
 scyrtest, 
 
 heah, 
 
 hlerra, hgrra, 
 
 hlehst, hehst, 
 
 geong, 
 
 gingra, 
 
 gingest. 
 
 § 83.— Irregular Comparison. — (a.) Mixed Roots. 
 g6d, bet (e) ra, bet (o) st, 
 yfel, wyrsa, wyrrest, wyrst, 
 micel, mara, msfest, 
 lytel, lcessa, ljesest, -ast, leest, 
 sella, selra, selost, selesta. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 273 
 
 $ 84. — (ft.) From Adverbs and Prepositions: — 
 
 feor, far. fierra, fyrra, 
 
 Cerrest, 
 
 ser, ere. a?rra, 
 
 serest, 
 
 fore, before. 
 
 fyrst, 
 
 (sid, late). sidra, 
 
 sidemest, sidest, 
 
 (inne, within). inn(e)ra, 
 
 innemest, 
 
 (ute, without). ut(er)ra, 
 
 ytemest, utemest, 
 
 (nord, northward). 
 
 nordmest, 
 
 (siid, southward). 
 
 sudmest, 
 
 (east, eastward). 
 
 eastmest, 
 
 (■wrest, westward). 
 
 westmest. 
 
 § 85. — Numerals. 
 
 
 Cardinal. 
 
 Ordinal. 
 
 an, one; 
 
 forma, first; 
 
 twei, two; 
 
 6der, second; 
 
 breo, three ; 
 
 bridda, 
 
 fSower, four ; 
 
 fe"owerda, feorda, 
 
 flf , five ; 
 
 fifta, 
 
 six, six; 
 
 sixta, 
 
 seofon, seven; 
 
 seofoda, 
 
 eahta, eight; 
 
 eahtoda, 
 
 nigon, nine; 
 
 nigoda, 
 
 tyn, tSn, ten; 
 
 teoda, 
 
 endleofan, eleven; 
 
 endlyfta, 
 
 twelf, twelve; 
 
 twelfta, 
 
 breo-tene, -tyne, thirteen; 
 
 breoteoda, 
 
 f§ower-tyne, fourteen; 
 
 fSowerteoda, 
 
 fif-tyne, fifteen; 
 
 fif-teoda, 
 
 six-tyne, sixteen; 
 
 etc. 
 
 seofon-te"ne, seventeen ; 
 
 
 eabta-tyne, eighteen; 
 
 
 nigon-tyne, nineteen; 
 
 
 twentig, twenty; 
 
 
 an-and-twentig, twenty-one ; 
 
 
 bri-tig, brittig, thirty; 
 
 
 f§ower-tig, forty; 
 
 
 fif-tig, fifty; 
 
 
 sixtig, sixty; 
 
 
 hund-seofon-tig, seventy ; 
 
 
 hund-eahta-tig, eighty; 
 
 
 hund-nigon-tig, ninety; 
 
 
 bund, ) 
 
 
 hundred, > hundred ; 
 
 
 hund-teon-tig, ) 
 
 
 hund-endleofan-tig, hundred and ten; 
 
 
 hund-twelf-tig, hundred and twenty; 
 
 
 busend, thousand. 
 
 
274 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 § 86. — an is declined like an adjective. 
 Masculine. Feminine. 
 
 N. A. twegen, twa, 
 
 G. twega, twegra, 
 
 D. twsem, twain. 
 
 So decline begen, b£, bu, both. 
 N. A. brl, brie, bry, brgo, 
 G. J>rgora, 
 
 D. J>rim. 
 
 Neuter. 
 twa, tu. 
 
 brgo, 
 
 The Cardinals, from 4 to 19, are not generally inflected. All Cardinals 
 are most often neuter substantives, with the genitive after them. Those 
 in -tig are sometimes declined like adjectives : Gen. -ra ; Dat. -um. Some- 
 times they are declined like substantives : Jaritiga sum. 
 
 
 
 § 87.— PRONOUNS. 
 
 
 
 1. 
 
 Personal Pronouns. 
 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 io, (I). 
 
 
 J>u, (thou). 
 
 G. 
 
 mln, 
 
 
 bin, 
 
 D. 
 
 me, me, 
 
 
 bg, be, 
 
 A. 
 
 mec, me, me, 
 
 bee, bg, be, 
 
 Du. N. 
 
 wit, 
 
 
 git, 
 
 G. 
 
 uncer, 
 
 
 incer, 
 
 D. 
 
 uno, 
 
 
 inc, 
 
 A. 
 
 uncit, mic, 
 
 
 incit, inc, 
 
 PI. N. 
 
 wS, we, 
 
 
 gg, gie, ge, 
 
 G. 
 
 user, Cue, 
 
 
 gower, 
 
 D. 
 
 us, 
 
 
 gow, 
 
 A. 
 
 usic, us, 
 
 
 gowic, gow. 
 
 !. 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 Sg. N. 
 
 ha, 
 
 heo, hie, hi, 
 
 hit, 
 
 G. 
 
 his, 
 
 hiere, hire, hyie, 
 
 his, 
 
 D. 
 
 him, 
 
 hiere, hire, hyre, 
 
 him, 
 
 A. 
 
 bine, 
 
 hie, heo, hi, 
 
 hit. 
 
 . N. A. 
 
 Me, heo, hi 
 
 •■ (hig). 
 
 
 G. 
 
 hiera, hira, 
 
 hyra, heora, heara. 
 
 
 D. 
 
 him, heom. 
 
 
 
 § 89. — 2. Reflexives. 
 
 Reflexives are supplied by the Personal, either with or without self. 
 self is declined like blind, and is often weak in the Nom. 
 § 90. — 3. Possessives. 
 
 The Possessives are min, Jain, sin, user, fire, uncer, gower, incer. 
 They are declined like Strong Adjectives (fire like gr§ne). 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 275 
 
 $ 91. — 4. Demonstratives. 
 
 Sg. N. s§, se, s§o, fcEet, 
 
 <*• fcses, i>»re, J>aes, 
 
 D. psem, pam, psere, paem, pSm, 
 
 A. pone, pa, past, 
 I. t>y. Pou, 
 
 PI. N. A, pa, 
 
 G. pai a, psera, 
 
 D. psem, ])am. 
 
 This word is generally used as the Definite Article. 
 
 $ 92. Masculine. Feminine. Neuter. 
 
 Sg. N. pes, (this). peos, pis, 
 
 G-. pis (s) es, pys(s) es, pisse,(peosse, pisre), like Mase. 
 
 D. piosum, pis(s)um, pys(s)um, pisse,(peosse, pisre), " " 
 
 A. piosne, pisne, pysne, pas, pis, 
 
 I. t>ys, t>is, 
 
 PI. N. A. pSs, 
 
 G-. pissa, peossa, 
 
 D. piosum, pis (s) urn, pyssum. 
 
 5 93. — 5. Relatives. 
 pe is the usual Relative, and it is used either with or without the Per- 
 sonal Pronouns: pe ic, I who; pe his, whose; pe him, whom; or simply pe. 
 s§ is also frequently used as a Relative. 
 
 5 94.-6. 
 
 INTERROGATIVES. 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 ;. N. hwa, 
 
 hwaet, 
 
 G. hwaes, 
 
 hwaes, 
 
 D. hwasm, hwam, 
 
 hwasm, hwam, 
 
 A. hwone, 
 
 hwaet, 
 
 I. 
 
 hwy, hwi. 
 
 Only the Masculine and Neuter forms are found, hwseder and hwilc 
 (hwylc) are declined like Adjectives. 
 
 § 95. — 7. Indefinites. 
 
 "Some" is expressed by sum. See Adjectives. 
 
 In interrogative and negative sentences hwS, hwasder, and hwelc, can 
 be used indefinitely, selo, each; eenig, any; nasnig, no, none;— are de- 
 clined like Adjectives. 
 
276 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR 
 
 CHAPTEK III. 
 
 VERBS. 
 
 § 96. — In Old English, verbal inflection is very circumscribed. Auxiliary 
 verbs play an important part. 
 
 § 97. — Voice. — There are two Voices — Active and Passive. To show 
 present from past time the Active has independent forms : the Passive has 
 to make use of wesan (be"on) and weordan. 
 
 § 98. — Mood. — There are three Moods — Indicative, Subjunctive, and 
 Imperative. The so-called Infinitive Mood ends in -an, but shows a regular 
 Dative inflection in -anne (-enne). 
 
 § 99. — Tense. — There are two Tenses — Present and Preterit. Already 
 in Old English, however, a periphrastic Future, with soulan, is occasionally 
 to be met with. There are likewise the beginnings of the modern so-called 
 Perfect and Pluperfect, with habban. Intransitives frequently have wesan 
 instead of habban. But generally the Present is used both for present and 
 future time, and the Preterit is the general tense of past time. 
 
 § 100. — Number. — There are two Numbers — Singular and Plural. When 
 the Plural Pronoun follows the Verb (both Indicative and Imperative), the 
 form of the Verb is most frequently changed: w§ bindad, but binde w@ ; 
 gSd! go! but gS g§! go ye! 
 
 $ 101. — Conjugation. — There are two Conjugations — Strong and Weak. 
 They are distinguished by the formation of the Preterit. 
 
 Strong Verbs form the Preterit, either — I. by Vowel-change Ablaut; 
 or II., by Reduplication. Weak Verbs form" the Preterit by means of the 
 verb d6n, whose root is da-, ta-. 
 
 $ 102. — I. — Strong Verbs. 
 
 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 Subjunctive 
 
 
 Pres. Sg.- 
 
 — 1. binde, 
 
 helpe, 
 
 bidde, 
 
 binde, 
 
 helpe, 
 
 bidde, 
 
 
 2. bindest, 
 
 bilp(e)st, 
 
 bidest, 
 
 binde, 
 
 helpe, 
 
 bidde, 
 
 
 bintst, 
 
 
 bitst, 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. binded, 
 
 hilp(e)d, 
 
 bided, 
 
 binde, 
 
 helpe, 
 
 bidde, 
 
 
 bint, 
 
 
 bit, 
 
 
 
 
 Plur.- 
 
 - bindad, 
 
 helpad, 
 
 biddad, 
 
 binden, 
 
 helpen, 
 
 bidden. 
 
 Pvet. Sg.- 
 
 — 1. band, 
 
 healp, 
 
 bsed, 
 
 bunde, 
 
 hulpe, 
 
 baede, 
 
 
 2. bunde, 
 
 hulpe, 
 
 bsede, 
 
 bunde, 
 
 hulpe, 
 
 beede, 
 
 
 3. band, 
 
 healp, 
 
 basd, 
 
 bunde, 
 
 hulpe, 
 
 baede, 
 
 Plur.- 
 
 - bundon, 
 
 hulpon, 
 
 bsedon, 
 
 bunden, 
 
 hulpen, 
 
 bcfeden. 
 
 
 Imperative. 
 
 
 
 Infinitive. 
 
 
 Sg- 
 
 -2. bind, 
 
 help, 
 
 bide, 
 
 bindan, 
 
 helpan, 
 
 biddan. 
 
 Plur.- 
 
 -2. bindad, 
 
 helpad, 
 
 biddad. 
 
 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 Present. 
 
 Participles. 
 
 Preterit. 
 
 
 bindende,helpende,biddende. bunden, holpen, beden. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GBAMMAH. 277 
 
 Traces of a Passive are found in liatte, plural hatton, — which signifies 
 both J am called and I was called. 
 
 § 103. — Contract Verbs are those whose stems ended originally in h. 
 This has fallen out, thus bringing together two vowels, which are con- 
 tracted. Such verbs are — tgon, beon, wr§on, lgon, sgon, flgon, teon, 
 gefgon, plgon, sgon, lean, slgan, pwean, and fon, h6n, &c. The Present 
 Indicative goes thus: — • 
 
 Sg. 1. tgo, tgo, sgo, slea, f6. 
 
 2. tihst, tiehst, siehst, sliehst, fehst. 
 
 3. tiad, tiehd, siehd, sliehd, fghd. 
 PI. tgod, teod, sgod, slead, fod. 
 
 In the Preterit the h is retained: Sg. 1, 3, tSh; 2, tige; — 1, 3, teah; 
 2, tuge; — 1, 3, seoh; 2, sSwe; — 1, 3, sl6g(h); 2, sloge; — 1, 3, feng; 2, 
 fenge. PI. tigon, tugon, sSwon, slogou, fengon. 
 
 § 104. — Rem. 1. — Verbs with Breaking, like feallan, weorpan, are some- 
 times modified by i-umlaut in the Second and Third Persons Sg. Ind.; 
 as feallest and feist; fealled and feld. 
 
 Rem. 2. — Umlaut regularly occurs in the Second and Third Persons Sg. 
 of the Present Ind.; and by syncope of the connecting vowels certain 
 euphonic changes are brought about: — 
 
 1. — In the Second Sg. when the stem ends in the dental sound d or d, 
 s or t, the dental is lost before the ending -st; as hladan, blest; cwedan, 
 cwist; ogosan, ciest; berstan, birst, &c. 'But if the stem ends in t, this 
 t is retained, as blotan, bletst; if in -nd, the -nd is changed to -nt, as 
 standan, stentst. 
 
 2. In the Third Sg. when the stem ends in -t or -st, the ending -th is 
 dropped, as blotan, blSt ; berstan, birst. If the stem ends in -d or -nd, 
 the ending is dropped, and the d changed to t, as hladan, hlet ; standan, 
 stent. If the stem ends in -d one d is dropped, as cwedan, cwid (cwided). 
 
 Rem. 3.— "Grammatical change" is frequently found in the Pres. PI. 
 This affects h, s, and d, especially, and they are changed respectively to 
 g, r, and d, as cgosan, ceas, curon, coren; lidan, ltd, lidon, liden; 
 tgon, tgah, tugon, togen, &c— sgon has Pret. PI. saegon or sawon; and 
 Part, sewen or segen. 
 
 Rem. 4. — An old Preterit PI. in -un is occasionally found. A Pret. PI. 
 in -an (= on) occurs frequently. 
 
 Rem. 5. — In later texts -on often takes the place of the older Subjunctive 
 Pis. in -en. This -on also becomes -an. 
 
 § 105. — I. Ablauting Verbs. 
 
 All the different classes show alike four stems: 1, The Present Stem; 
 2, The First Preterit; 3, The Second Preterit; and 4, The Stem of the 
 Preterit Participle. The regular vowel-change in these four stems gives 
 rise to six different classes. Koch divides these Verbs as follows : — 
 
278 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 Present Stem. 
 i, e, eo. 
 bindan, 
 helpan, 
 steorfan, 
 bregdan, 
 
 1, e. 
 beran, 
 
 niman, 
 stelan, 
 cuman. 
 
 i, e. 
 biddan, 
 gifan, 
 cwedan, 
 
 s@on, 
 
 J 106.— FIRST CLASS. 
 (Sievers's Third Class.)* 
 1st Pret. Stem. 2d Pret. Stem. 
 
 a, ea, ae. 
 
 u. 
 
 band, 
 
 buudon, 
 
 healp, 
 
 hulpon, 
 
 stearf, 
 
 sturfon, 
 
 braegd, 
 
 brugdou, 
 
 Pret. -Part. Stem. 
 u, o. 
 bunden, 
 holpen, 
 
 storfen, 
 brogden. 
 
 $ 107.— SECOND CLASS. 
 
 (SlEVERS'S FOURTH CLASS.) 
 
 a, ae. ae, a. 
 
 beer, baeron, 
 
 n6m,t < namon, 
 
 nam, \ nomon, 
 steel, staelon, 
 
 c(w)6m,+ c(w)6mon, 
 
 §108.— THIKD CLASS. 
 (Sievers's Fifth Class.)}; 
 ae, a. 
 bsed, 
 geaf, 
 cwsed, 
 
 seah, 
 
 o(u). 
 boren, 
 
 numen, 
 
 stolen, 
 ; cumen, 
 i cymen. 
 
 ae. 
 baedon, 
 geafon, 
 cwsedon, 
 
 e. 
 beden, 
 gifen, 
 cweden, 
 
 sawon, 
 ssegon, 
 
 ( sewen, 
 I sa'wen. 
 
 $ 109.— FOURTH CLASS. 
 (Sievers's Sixth Class.) § 
 6. 6. 
 
 hebban, 
 
 h6f, 
 
 hofon, 
 
 hafen, 
 
 wadan, 
 
 w6d, 
 
 wSdon, 
 
 waden, 
 
 hlihhan, 
 
 bl6h, 
 
 hlogon, 
 
 hleahhen, 
 
 slean, 
 
 sl6g, 
 
 slogon, 
 
 ( slegen, 
 
 ) slasgen. 
 
 * Sievers divides his Third Class into four subdivisions. (1) Verbs with 
 the stem ending in a nasal + a consonant, as bindan. (2) Verbs with 
 1 + a consonant, as helpan. (3) Verbs with r or h + a consonant, as 
 weorpan, wearp, wurpon, worpen; or feohtan, feaht, fuhton, fohten. 
 (4) Other variations are shown by the following verbs : bregdan, stregdan, 
 berstan berscan, frignan, murnan, spurnan (spornan). 
 
 t These two Verbs have an exceptional long Vowel in Pret. Sg. 
 
 t Sievers divides his Fifth Class into three subdivisions. (1) Those 
 verbs like metan, mast, maaton, meten. (2) The verbs gefeon, pleon, 
 seon. (3) The verbs biddan, licg(e)an, sittan, &c. 
 
 § In like manner his Sixth Class he divides into four subdivisions. 
 (1) Those verbs like faran, for, foron, faren. (2) The verbs lean, slean, 
 pwean, &c. (3) standan, which loses n in the Pret. st6d, stodon. (4) 
 The verbs swerig (e) an, hebban, hlihhan, scyppan, steppan, sceddan, 
 &c, which have in the Pres. a j. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 279 
 
 $ 110.— FIFTH CLASS. 
 
 (SlEVERS'S FlKST CLASS.) 
 
 slltan, 
 wreba, 
 snidan, 
 
 a. 
 
 slat, 
 
 wran,* 
 
 snad, 
 
 i. 
 
 sliton, 
 wrigon, 
 snidon, 
 
 i. 
 
 sliten, 
 
 wrigen, 
 
 sniden. 
 
 60, u. 
 
 beodan, 
 
 § 111.— SIXTH CLASS. 
 (Sievers's Second Class.) 
 ea. u. 
 bead, budon, 
 
 0. 
 boden, 
 
 ceosan, 
 lucan, 
 
 ceas, 
 leac, 
 
 curon, 
 lucon, 
 
 coren, 
 locen. 
 
 For further examples of the different Classes, see List of Irregular Verbs. 
 § 112. — II. — Reduplicating Verbs. 
 
 Of the forty verbs in Gothic which plainly showed reduplication, only a 
 few have traces of it in Old English. Exs. heht, leolc, reord, leort,(on)- 
 dreord. These Preterits have younger forms. Contraction has taken place 
 until there are only two classes left: (a) eb-preterits; (6) S-preterits. 
 
 The four stems can be recognized; but the first and fourth have the 
 same vowel, and the second and third are alike. 
 
 (a.) gO-PRETERITS. 
 
 nflnitive. 
 
 Pret. Sg. 
 
 Pret. PL 
 
 Pret. Part. 
 
 ea: — 
 feallan, 
 
 feoll, 
 
 feollon, 
 
 feallen, 
 
 bealdan, 
 
 beold, 
 
 heoldon, 
 
 bealden. 
 
 §a: — 
 beatan, 
 
 beot, 
 
 beoton, 
 
 beaten, 
 
 hleapan, 
 
 hleop, 
 
 hleopon, 
 
 hleapen. 
 
 a: — 
 blawan, 
 
 blebw, 
 
 blSowon, 
 
 blawen, 
 
 cnawan, 
 
 cn§ow, 
 
 cnebwon, 
 
 cnawen. 
 
 6: — 
 
 Cowan, 
 
 flebw, 
 
 flgowon, 
 
 fl6wen, 
 
 rSwan, 
 
 rebw, 
 
 rebwon, 
 
 rowen, 
 
 w§pan(byumlaut).we'op, 
 
 webpon, 
 
 wbpen. 
 
 
 (*>■)- 
 
 -S-PRETERITS. 
 
 
 a: — 
 hatan, 
 
 het, 
 
 heton, 
 
 haten. 
 
 lifetan, let, l§ton, listen. 
 
 blandan, blSnd, blendon, blanden, 
 
 f6n(bycontraction)feng, fengon, fangen, 
 
 h6n, beng, hengon, bangen. 
 
 These are conjugated like other Strong Verbs. 
 
 * Sometimes confused with the Sixth Class— wrgah, wrugon, wrogen. 
 
280 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GBAMMAJK. 
 
 $ 108.— Weak Verbs. 
 There are three classes of Weak Verbs, divided, according to Sievers, 
 into (1), the jo-elass; (2), the 6-class; (3), the ai-class. There are three 
 stems distinguishable in Weak Verbs — the Present, the Preterit, and the 
 Past Participle. 
 
 § 109.— 1. THE JO-CLASS. 
 
 Indicative. 
 Pres. Sg. — 1. nerie, deme, 
 
 2. neres(t), de"m(e)st, 
 
 3. nered, dem(e)d, 
 Plur. — ueriad, dgmad, 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 nerie, d§me, 
 
 nerie, deme, 
 
 nerie, deme, 
 
 nerien, demen. 
 
 Sg.- 
 
 -1. nerede, demde, 
 
 nerede, 
 
 d6mde, 
 
 
 2. neredes(t), demdes(t), 
 
 nerede, 
 
 demde, 
 
 
 3. nerede, demde, 
 
 nerede, 
 
 demde, 
 
 lur.— 
 
 - neredon, demdon, 
 
 nereden, 
 
 demden 
 
 Sg- 
 
 Imperative. 
 2. nere, dem. 
 
 Infinitive. 
 nerian, deman. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 2. neriad, demad. 
 
 
 
 
 Participles. 
 Present. 
 neriende, demende. nered, 
 
 Past. 
 
 demed. 
 
 nerian represents short stems, and deman long stems. Wherever it is 
 admissible i-umlaut occurs in all forms of the Present. Long stems retain 
 this i-umlaut in the Preterit. 
 
 § 110. — By suffixing the -de certain euphonic changes are brought 
 about, as — 
 
 -ndde 
 
 becomes 
 
 -nde, as 
 
 in sende, 
 
 from 
 
 sendan. 
 
 -llde 
 
 
 -lde, " 
 
 " fylde, 
 
 
 fyllan. 
 
 -tde 
 
 
 -tte, " 
 
 ** me tte, 
 
 
 mgtan. 
 
 -pde 
 
 
 -pte, " 
 
 " dypte, 
 
 
 dyppan. 
 
 -cde 
 
 
 -hte, " 
 
 " tsehte, 
 
 
 teecan. 
 
 -ssde 
 
 
 -ste, " 
 
 " cyste, 
 
 
 cyssan. 
 
 -xde 
 
 
 -xte, " 
 
 " lixte, 
 
 
 lixan. 
 
 -rw (e) 
 
 de " 
 
 -rede, " 
 
 " gyrede, 
 
 
 gyrwan 
 
 J 111. — The Past Participle generally contracts; as send, rnett, tEeht, 
 wend ; seted, plur. sette ; treded, tredde ; demed, demde ; gegyrwed, 
 gegyrede. The ending -ed is, however, frequently retained ; as fylled, 
 dypped, hyred, cyded, &c. 
 
■AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXOX GRAMHAK. 
 
 281 
 
 § 112. — In like manner conjugate — 
 
 feiiau, (carry). 
 
 ferede, 
 
 weriau, (defend). 
 
 werede, 
 
 fremman, (do). 
 
 fremede, 
 
 Jiennan, (extend). 
 
 Jienede, 
 
 sceddan, (hurt). 
 
 scedede, 
 
 cnyssan, (strike). 
 
 cnysede, 
 
 lecg(e)an, (lay). 
 
 legde, (lede), 
 
 wecg(e)an, (awake). 
 
 ■wegede, 
 
 treddan, (tread). 
 
 , tredde, 
 
 settan, (set). 
 
 sette, 
 
 cydan, (make known). 
 
 cydde, 
 
 sendan, (send). 
 
 sende, 
 
 fyllan, (fill). 
 
 fylde, 
 
 nemnan, (name). 
 
 nemnde, 
 
 gyiwan, (prepare). 
 
 gyrede, 
 
 cigan, (call). 
 
 clgde, 
 
 $ 113. — The following verbs have not bet 
 
 Preterit : — 
 
 
 owellan, (kill). 
 
 cwealde, 
 
 sellan, (sell). 
 
 sealde, 
 
 tellan, (tell). 
 
 tealde, 
 
 bycg(e)an, (buy). 
 
 bohte, 
 
 bene (e) an, (think). 
 
 ]pohte, 
 
 bync(e)an, (appear). 
 
 btihte, 
 
 wyrcan, (work). 
 
 worhte, 
 
 bringan, (bring). 
 
 brohte, 
 
 r§c(e)an, (care). 
 
 r6hte, 
 
 sScan, (seek). 
 
 sohte, 
 
 (ge)-fered, 
 
 (ge)-wered, 
 
 (ge)-fremed, 
 
 (ge)-bened, 
 
 (ge)-sceded, 
 
 (ge)-onysed, 
 
 (ge)-legd, (16d), 
 
 (ge)-weged, 
 
 treded, 
 
 seted, 
 (ge)-cyded, 
 
 send, 
 
 fylled, 
 
 nemned, 
 (ge)-gyrwed, 
 (ge)-oiged. 
 
 (ge)-cweald, 
 (ge)-seald, 
 (ge)-teald, 
 boht, 
 poht, 
 bunt, 
 worht, 
 broht, 
 roht, 
 soht. 
 
 J 114. — A few have i-umlaut also; as — 
 
 owecc(e)an, (vibrate), cweahte, cwehte, cweaht, 
 
 drecc(e)an, (vex). dreahte, drehte, dreaht, 
 
 recc(e)an, (tell). reahte, rehte, reaht, 
 
 wecc(e)an, (awake). weahte, wehte, weaht, 
 
 becc(e)an, (thatch). beahte, behte, beaht, 
 
 teec (e) an, (show). tahte, t»ate, taht, t»ht, &c. 
 
282 
 
 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 Pres, 
 
 Indicative. 
 -1. lufi(g)e, 
 
 2. lufast, 
 
 3. lufad, 
 Plur. — lufiad, 
 
 $ 115.— 2. THE 6-CLASS. 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 lufi(g)e, 
 lufi(g)e, 
 lufi(g)e, 
 lufi(g)en. 
 
 Pret. Sg.— 1. lufode, 
 
 2. lufodest, 
 
 3. lufode, 
 
 Plur. — lufedon, -odon, 
 
 * Imperative. 
 
 Sg. 2. lufa, 
 Plur. 2. lufiad. 
 
 lufode, 
 lufode, 
 lufode, 
 lufoden. 
 
 Infinitive, 
 lufian. 
 
 Present, 
 lufiende. 
 
 Participles. 
 
 Past. 
 lufod. 
 
 Instead of lufian, we frequently find lufigan, lufigean. 
 
 A large number of Verbs belongs to this class. The Preterit ends in 
 -ode (-ade, -ude, -ede); — the Past Participle in. -od (-ad, -ud). In in- 
 flected forms -ed- is found. 
 
 So conjugate ascian, ask ; locian, look ; macian, make ; scSawian, he- 
 bold* sealfian, anoint; tScnian, betoken; weordian, honor, &c. 
 
 § 116. — 3. THE ai-CLASS. 
 
 Indicative. 
 Pres. Sg.-l. hcebbe, | Jjjg?' 
 
 2. bafas(t), liofas(t), 
 
 3. bafad, liofad, 
 babbad, libbad, 
 hasbbad, lifg(e)ad, 
 
 Plur.— 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 t.«vw. 5 libbe, 
 hsebbe ' \ lifge, 
 
 bsebbe, lifge, 
 
 baebbe, lifge, 
 
 *.~,wu™ S libben, 
 hEebben |lifgen. 
 
 Pret. Sg. — 1. baefde, lifde, &c, like d$mde. 
 
 Sg. 2. 
 
 Imperative, 
 bafa, liofa. 
 
 Plur. 2 
 
 5 habbad, ( libbad, 
 • \ baebbad, \ lifg(e) ad. 
 
 Infinitive. 
 ^HbSgan"* 
 
 Participles. 
 Present. 
 
 Past. 
 gebsefd, gelifd. 
 
 This class contains only a few remains of the original ai-elass. Besides 
 the above two, there belong here secg(e)an, say; hycg(e)an, think; and 
 perhaps t>r§ag(e) an, threat; smeag(e) an, think; fr§og(e)an, free. They 
 are all conjugated in full in "Cook's Sievers's Grammar of Old English," 
 p. 212. 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 283 
 
 § 117.— 4. Preterit-Presents. 
 
 These Verbs are old Strong Preterits, with Present signification. From 
 these, new Weak Preterits have been formed, which are inflected like other 
 Weak Preterits. 
 
 willan. 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 Pres.— 1. wille, wile, wile, 
 
 2. wilt, wile, 
 
 3. wile, wille, wile, 
 Plur.— willad, willen. 
 
 Pret.- 
 
 wolde, walde, 
 
 wolde. 
 
 The Present wille was originally a Subj. Preterit, and hence willan is 
 not strictly to be classed with the Preterit-Presents. 
 
 Pres.- 
 Plur.- 
 
 -1. 
 2. 
 3. 
 
 nyllan. 
 Indicative. 
 nele, nyle, 
 nelt, nylt, 
 nele, nyle, 
 nellad, nyllad, 
 
 Pret.- 
 
 Imper. Sg.- 
 
 Plur.- 
 
 
 nolde, nalde, 
 nelle, nyL 
 nyllad. 
 
 1. witan. 
 
 Indicative. 
 Pres. Sg.— 1. wat, (know), 
 
 2. ■wast, waest, 
 
 3. wat, 
 Plur. — witon, 
 
 Pret. Sg.- 
 Plur.- 
 
 
 wiste, wisse, 
 wiston. 
 
 Subjunctive, 
 nyle, nel(l)e, 
 nyle, 
 nyle, 
 nylen. 
 
 nolde. 
 
 Subjunctive, 
 wite, 
 wite, 
 ■wite, 
 witen. 
 
 wiste. 
 
 Imp. wite, witad. Inf. witan. 
 Participles.— Present, witende. Past, witen. 
 With ne (not) = nat, nast, nyton (-un), nysse, nyste, 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GRAMMAR. 
 
 « >d TJ 3 O A S'S 
 
 a 
 
 .a 
 o 
 
 01 
 
 a 
 
 <« 
 
 0) 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 A 
 
 I 
 
 A 
 
 i s 
 
 o a 
 
 S3 
 
 ■s 
 
 73 
 
 0> B -r 
 
 aa § 
 
 B 
 ID 
 
 a 
 
 (D 0) 
 1 1 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 bo 
 
 
 
 Eh 
 
 11 
 
 CD 
 
 w 
 O 
 
 a* 
 
 C8 
 > 
 
 * — 
 
 "bo 
 
 -•-3 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 o 
 d 
 
 
 © 
 
 T3 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 io 
 
 
 „ 
 
 — ' 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 f 
 
 s 
 
 i 
 
 ■a 
 
 gi 
 u 
 
 10 
 
 
 s 
 
 § 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 A 
 
 •8 
 
 I 
 
 a 
 
 "ST 
 
 CO 
 
 6D 
 
 8 
 
 a 
 
 sa 
 
 02 
 
 +3 
 
 S 
 
 
 ^— ' 
 
 •a 
 
 (D 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 ft 
 
AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON GBAMMAB. 
 
 285 
 
 
 Indieative. 
 
 Pres. Sg.- 
 
 — 1. eom, 
 
 beo, 
 
 
 2. eart, 
 
 bist, 
 
 
 3. is, 
 
 bid, 
 
 Plur.- 
 
 — sind. 
 
 beod. 
 
 Pret. Sg.- 
 
 — 1. ■waes, 
 
 2. wsere, 
 
 3. waes, 
 
 
 Plur.- 
 
 — wseron. 
 
 Imperative. 
 
 
 
 wes, wesad. 
 
 
 beo, beod. 
 
 
 § 118. — 5. Anomalies. 
 1. wesan, (to be). 
 
 Subjunct 
 
 ive. 
 
 sle, 
 
 beo, 
 
 sie, 
 
 beo, 
 
 sie, 
 
 beo, 
 
 slen. 
 
 bebn. 
 
 wsere. 
 
 
 weere, 
 
 
 waere, 
 
 
 weeren. 
 
 
 Infinitive. 
 
 
 wesan. 
 
 
 beon. 
 
 
 Pabticiples. — Present, wesende. Past, gewesen. 
 
 For a variety of forms in the different dialects, see "Cook's Sievers's 
 Grammar of Old English," § 427. 
 
 The contracted forms are neom, neart, nis, naes, naeron, naeren, &c. 
 
 Indicative. 
 Pres. Sg. — 1. d6, 
 
 2. dest, 
 
 3. ded, 
 
 § 119.— 2. 
 
 don, 
 
 (to 
 
 do). 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 d6, 
 
 d6, 
 
 do, 
 
 Plur.— d6d. 
 
 
 
 
 
 don. 
 
 Pret. Sg.— 1. dyde, 
 
 2. dydes(t), 
 
 3. dyde, 
 Plur. — dydon. 
 
 Imper. d6, ddd. Inf. don. 
 Participles. — Present, donde. 
 
 Past 
 
 , gedon 
 
 dyde, 
 dyde, 
 dyde, 
 dyden. 
 
 For other dialect forms, see "Cook's Sievers's Grammar of Old English, 1 
 §429. 
 
 $ 120.— 3. gan, (to go). 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 gSr 
 
 g^n, 
 
 Soda- 
 like nerede. 
 Imper. g3, gad. Inf. gan. 
 Participles. — Present, g&nde. Past, gegSn. 
 
 Indicative. 
 Pres. Sg.— 1. g£, 
 
 2. gsest, 
 
 3. geed, 
 Plur.— gad. 
 Pret.— eode, 
 
286 AN OUTLINE OF ANGLO-SAXON, GBAMMAK. 
 
 $ 121.— ADVEBBS. 
 
 Adverbs, derived from Adjectives, generally have the ending -e; as 
 hearde, hard; lange, long; s6de, truly; wide, widely. If the Adjective 
 ends in -e, the Adverb has the same form. Many Adverbs are formed with 
 the suffix -lice (-ly); as heardlice, hardly; s6dlice, truly; sweatullice, 
 clearly. Still another class has the ending -a; as fela, very; singala, al- 
 ways ; sona, soon ; tela, teala, properly. The endings -unga, -enga, -inga, 
 are also used to form Adverbs; as anunga, -inga, entirely; semninga, 
 suddenly; eallunga, entirely ; holinga, secretly; wgninga, perhaps. 
 
 Of Nouns the Gen., Dat., Ace, and Instr. cases are freely used as 
 Adverbs. Comparison of Adverbs is like that of Adjectives. Adverbs of 
 place answer to the three questions — Where? Whither? Whence?— as, 
 J>aer, there; Jader, thither ; fconan, thence ; hwser, where ; hwider, whither; 
 hwonan, whence; h6r, here; hider, hither; heonan, hence; &c. 
 
[287] 
 
 LIST OF IRKEGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. 
 
 Present. 
 
 1. ah, 
 
 2. alist, ant. 
 
 Preterit. Participle. 
 ante, agen, (adj.) 
 
 agan (own, ought). PI. agon. 
 
 barman (command). 2. bannest, 
 bonnan (red.) 2. banst, 
 benst. 
 
 3. banned, 
 3. band. 
 
 beatan (beat, red.) 2. beatest, bytst, 
 3. bSated, byt. 
 
 belgan(be angry). 1. 2. bilgst, bilhst, 
 
 3. bilgd, bilhd, bylgd. 
 
 Subj. Pres. Sge, 
 
 agen (on). 
 
 ben (un), barmen. 
 beon (un). 
 
 beonnon. 
 
 beot, 
 beoton. 
 
 beaten. 
 
 1. bealg(h), bolgen. 
 
 2. bulge, 
 bulgon. 
 
 beran (bear). II. 2. birest, birst, byrst, 1. basr, boren. 
 
 beoran, 3. bired, bird, byr(e)d. 2. baere, bseron. 
 
 berstan (burst). I. 2. birst, 1. baerst. 
 
 3. birsted, birst, 2. burste, borsten. 
 3. byrst, bierst. burston. 
 
 beodan (bid). VI. 2. b§odest, bytst, byst, 1. bead, 
 
 biodan, 3. beoded, bytt, bitt. 2. bude, boden. 
 
 budon. 
 
 bgon (be). 
 
 1. beom, beon, bgo, 
 
 1. waes, 
 
 (ge-)wesen. 
 
 bion, 
 
 2. bist, byst, 
 
 2. wsere, 
 
 
 
 3. bid, byd, be"od. 
 
 weeron. 
 
 
 PI. beod, blod, blad. sint, Pres. Subj. be"o, bio. si, sy, sig, 
 sind. PI. beon. sie, seo, seo. 
 
 Imper. bSo (d). 
 
 sindon. 
 
 PL sien,sle,syn, 
 sin, seon. 
 
288 
 
 LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present, 
 
 beorcan (bark). I. 3. byrcd. 
 
 beorgan (save,) I. 2. byrgst, byrhst, 
 (protect). 3. byrged, byrgd, 
 3. byrhd. 
 
 beornan (burn). I. 1. beorne, byrne, 
 
 byrnan, 
 
 bldan (bide). 
 
 2. beornest, beornst, 
 
 2. byrnest, byrnst, 
 
 3. beorned, beornd, 
 3. byrned, birnd(y). 
 
 PI. beornad. 
 
 V. 2. bidest, bitst, bist, 
 3. bided, bitt. 
 
 Preterit. Participle, 
 bearc, borcen. 
 burcon. 
 
 1. bearg(h), 
 
 2. burge, borgen. 
 burgon. 
 
 barn(ea, o), bornen. 
 
 burne, 
 bunion. 
 
 1. bad, 
 
 2. bide, 
 
 bidon. 
 
 biddan (ask). III. 2. biddest, bidst, bitst, 1. baed, 
 3. bidded, bit, byt, bitt, 2. bsede, 
 PI. biddad. bsedon. 
 
 biden. 
 
 beden. 
 
 bindan (bind). I. 2. bindest, bintst, binst, 1. band (o), bunden. 
 
 3. binded, bint, 
 
 2. bunde, 
 
 PI. bindad. 
 
 bundon 
 
 bitan (bite). V. 2. bitest, bitst, 
 
 i. bat, 
 
 3. bited, bitt, bit. 
 
 2. bite, biten. 
 
 
 biton. 
 
 bl£etan(bleat,re(?.). 3. bleet. 
 
 
 blandan(blend,re(i). 2. blandest, 
 
 blend, 
 
 blondan, 3. blanded, blent. 
 
 blende, blandei 
 
 
 blendon. blonde: 
 
 blatan (to be blue- 2. blatest, blcfetst, 
 
 1. bigot, blet, 
 
 [pale, red). 3. bitted, bleet. 
 
 2. blgte, blaten. 
 
 
 bleton. 
 
 blawan(blow,re<2.). 2. blSwest, blawst, bl§ow (§). 
 
 2. blaewest, bl»wst, 
 
 3. biawed, blSwd, bleowon. 
 3. blaewed, bloewd. 
 
 PI. blawad. 
 
 blSwen. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 289 
 
 Infinitive. Present. 
 
 blican (glitter). V. 2. blicest, bllcst, 
 3. bliced, bliod. 
 
 Pteterit. Participle. 
 
 1. blac, 
 
 2. blice, blicen. 
 blicon. 
 
 blinnan (cease). I. 2. blinnest, blinst, blan (o), 
 
 3. blinned, blinnid, blind, blann, blunnen. 
 
 blunne, 
 blunnon. 
 
 blotan (sacrifice). 2. bl6test, blStst, 1. bigot, 
 
 (red.) 3. bloted, blet, &c. 2. bleote, 
 
 bleoton. 
 
 bloten. 
 
 blowan (bloom). 2. blowest, blSwst, 1. blebw, 
 (red.) 3. blowed, blgwd, &c. 2. bleowe, 
 
 bleowon. 
 
 blowen. 
 
 brecan(break). II. 2. bricest, bricst, 
 
 3. briced, bricd, &c. 
 
 bredan(braid,swing).I. 2. britst, brist, 
 3. brit, bret, &c 
 
 bregdan (move). I. 1. bregde, 
 bredan, 2. -est, 
 
 3. 
 
 -d, &c. 
 
 1. braeo, 
 
 
 2. brsece, 
 
 brocen. 
 
 brsecon. 
 
 
 1. brad, 
 brudon. 
 
 broden, 
 breden. 
 
 1. brsegd. 
 
 
 
 brogden, 
 
 brugdon, 
 
 bregden. 
 
 brengan * (bring). 2. brengest, brengst, 1. brohte, 
 3. brenged, brengd, 2. br6htest, 
 brenod, &c. brohton. 
 
 gebrdht. 
 
 breatan (break). 2. brSatest, brytst, 1. br§ot, breaten. 
 
 (red.) 3. brSated, bryt, &c. brSoton. 
 
 br§otan(break).VT. 2. br§otest, breotst, 1. breat, 
 
 brytest, brytst, 2. brute, broten. 
 
 3. brSoted, breot, bruton. 
 
 bryted, brytt, &c. 
 
 breodan (ruin).VI. 2. brgodest, bryst, 1. bread, broden 
 
 3. breoded, bryd, &e. brudon. 
 
290 LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle, 
 
 bringan (bring). I. 1. bringe, brincge, 1. brang (o). 
 
 2. briugst, 
 
 3. bringed, briiicgd, 2. brunge, brungen. 
 bringd, &e. brungon. 
 
 brinnan (burn). I. 
 
 1. bran, brunnen. 
 
 brunnon. 
 
 bracan(use).VI. 2. brucest,brycst,bricst, 1. breac, 
 3. braced, brycd, 2. brace, 
 
 brucon, 
 bude.* 
 
 brocen. 
 
 buan (dwell). VI. 2. bust, 
 buwan PI. buad. 
 
 PI. buan(=buwon), gebun, 
 gebud.* 
 
 bugan (bow). VI. 2. bugest, byhst, 
 
 3. buged,byhd,bygd, 1. bgag(h), 
 
 &c. 2. buge, bogen. 
 
 bugon. 
 
 bycgan*(buy). 1. bycge, bicge, 1. bohte, geb6ht. 
 
 bicgan, 2. bygest, bohton. 
 
 3. byged, &e. 
 
 ceorfan (earve). I. 2. ceorfest, cyrist, 1. cearf, corfen. 
 
 3. ceorfed, cyrfd, &c. 2. curfe, 
 curfon. 
 
 ceosan (choose). VI. 2. ceosest, cyst, 1. c§as, ces, coren. 
 
 closan 3. ceosed,cyst,clst,&c.2.cure, 
 
 curon. 
 
 cgowan (chew). VI. 2. c§owest, cywst, 1. ceaw, cowen. 
 
 3. cSoWed, cywd, cuwon. 
 
 clSofan(cleave,split).VI.2.clyfst, 1. cl§af, clofen. 
 
 3. clyfd, &c. clufon. 
 
 clifan(cleave,stick). V. 2. cllfest, clifst, 1. ciaf, clifen. 
 
 3. clifed, clifd, clifon. 
 
 clingan(cling,shrinkup).1. 2. clingst, 1. clang, (ge-)clungen. 
 
 3. clingd, &o. clungon. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AXD ANOMALOUS VERBS. 291 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 (on)cnawan(know).2. -cnawest, -cnsewst, -cneow, -cnawen. 
 (red.) 3. -cnawed, -cnaewd, &c. -cneowon. 
 
 cnSodan(give).VI. 3. cneoded, &c. cuead. cnoden. 
 
 creodan (crowd). VL2.creodest,crytst,cryst, 1. cread, croden. 
 3.cr6oded,cryded,crytt, 2.orude, 
 &c. crudon. 
 
 crSopan (creep). VI. 2. crypest, crypst, creap, cropen. 
 
 creopest, creopst. 
 3. cryped, crypd, cripd, crupon. 
 crgoped, creopd, &c. 
 
 crincan (yield). I. 2. crincst, crane, crunoen. 
 
 3. crincd, &e. cruncon. 
 
 cringan(cringe,fall). I. 2. oringest, cringst, crang (o), crungen. 
 crincgan, 3. cringed,cringd,&c. crungon. 
 
 cuman (come). II. 
 
 2. cymst, cymest, 
 
 1. com, cwom, 
 
 enmen, 
 
 
 3. cumed, cymd, 
 
 2. come, 
 
 cymen. 
 
 
 cymed, cimd, 
 
 cdmon, cwomon. 
 
 PI. 
 
 cumad. 
 
 
 
 cunnan (can). 
 
 1. can, con, cann, conn 
 
 ., cude, 
 
 cud, 
 
 
 2. canst, const, 
 
 cudon. 
 
 (on-cunnen). 
 
 PI. 
 
 cunnon. 
 
 
 
 cwellan * (kill). 
 
 
 cwealde. 
 
 cweald. 
 
 cwelan (die). II. 
 
 2. cwilst, 
 
 cwael, 
 
 cwolen. 
 
 3. cweld,cwild,cwyld. cwslon. 
 
 cwedan (quoth). III.2. cwedest,cwedst,cwaedst, .1. cwsed, cweden. 
 cwidst,cwydst,cwist,cwyst, 2. cwsede. 
 3. cweded, owed, cwaedon. 
 
 cwid(d), cwyd, &c. 
 
 delan(sink). II. dael, dolen. 
 
 dselon. 
 
 delfan (delve). I. 2. delfest, dilfst, 1. dealf, dolfen. 
 
 3. delfed, dilfd, &c. 2. dulfe, 
 dulfon. 
 
292 
 
 LIST OF IKRMGULAB AND ANOMALOUS VE11B8. 
 
 Preterit. Participle. 
 
 1. dyde,dide,daede,(ge)don, 
 
 2. -est, -on, -en. d§n. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. 
 
 d6n (do, red.). 1. d6, 
 
 2. d§st, 
 
 3. did. 
 
 PI. dod. Imper. d6 (-d). Pres. Subj. d6, 
 
 don. 
 
 (on)drEedan(dread). 2.drsedest, dreetst, draest, (drSord),drgd, drsedcr 
 {red.) 3. drseded, drsett, &c. dre'don. 
 
 dragan(drag,draw).IV.2. draegest,draegst,dr£ehst, dr6g(h), dragen. 
 3. dr3eged,draegd,draehd,&c. drogon. 
 
 drepan (strike). III. 2.drepest,dripest,dripst, 1. drep,drasp, drepen, 
 3.dreped,driped,dripd,&c. 2. drape, dropen. 
 
 drsepon. 
 
 dre^)gan(do,suf£er). VI. 2. dreogest, dryhst, l.drgah(g), drogen. 
 3. drSoged,dryhd,drlgd, 2.druge, 
 PI. dreogad. *- ' drugon. 
 
 drgopan(drop). "VI. 2. drypst, 
 3. drypd, 
 PI. drgopad. 
 
 drgosan (fall). VI. 2. dryst, 
 
 3. drgosed, dryst, &c. 
 
 dreap, dropen. 
 
 drupon. 
 
 dreas, droren. 
 
 druron. 
 
 drlfan (drive). V. 2. drlfest, drlfst, 1. drat, drifen. 
 
 3. drlfed, drlfd, drift, &e. 2. drife. 
 
 drifon (eo). 
 
 drincan(drink). I. 2. drinoest, 
 
 dranc, 
 
 druncen. 
 
 3. drilled, dryncd, &c. 
 
 druncon. 
 
 
 dufan (dive). VI. 2. dyfst, 
 
 1. deaf, 
 
 dofen. 
 
 3. dy fd, &e. 
 
 2. dufe, 
 dufon. 
 
 
 dugan (do, avail). 1. deag(h), 
 
 dohte, 
 
 
 2. duge, 
 
 -on. 
 
 
 PI. dngon. 
 
 
 
 dwelan (err). II. 2. dwelest, dwilst, 1. dwsel, 
 
 3. dweled, dwild, &e. 2. dwsele, 
 
 dws%lon. 
 
 dwolen. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AXD ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 293 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle, 
 
 etan (eat). III. 2. etest, etst, itst, ytst, aetst, l. set, eten, 
 
 3. yt,ytt, et, ett, eted.ieted, 2. sete, (eton). 
 3. yted, ited, itt. seton. 
 
 PI. etad. 
 
 earn, &e. (am). 1. eom, earn. See b§on and wesan. 
 
 2. eart, eard, eartjra, earttu. 
 PI. earon, earun. 
 
 faran (fare). VI. 2. farest,feerest,faerst,fcerst, f6r, faren. 
 
 3. fared,fsered,faerd. t faerstcL f6ron. 
 PI. farad. 
 
 feccan * (fetch). 
 
 feccean, 
 
 fseccan. 
 
 fecgan (seize). III. 
 
 felgan(fall into). I. 2. filgst, filhst, 
 3. filgd, filhd, 
 PI. felgad. 
 
 fealdan (fold, red.) 2. fealdest, fylst, 
 3. fealded, fylt. 
 
 feallan (fall, red.) 2. feallest,fealst,felst,fylst, f§ol (1), feallen. 
 3. fealled, feald, fild, fyld, fgoUon. 
 PI. feallad. 
 
 1. feahte, fehte, 
 
 feaht. 
 
 2. -est, 
 
 feht. 
 
 -on. 
 
 
 feah. 
 
 
 fealg(h), 
 
 folgen. 
 
 fulgon. 
 
 
 feold, 
 
 fealden. 
 
 feoldon. 
 
 
 f§ogan*(hate). fgoged, feod. 
 
 fiogan, 
 
 feon, 
 
 flon. PI. fSogad, feogead. 
 
 feohan (rejoice). HI. 
 fgon, -find. 
 
 feohtan (fight). I. 2. feohtest, 
 
 3. feohted, fiht, &c. 
 
 feolan (hang). II. 
 Solan, 
 
 felan, 
 
 feode, 
 
 feodon (-us, -an). 
 
 feah(-feh), fegen 
 feegon (-fggon). 
 
 1. feaht, 
 
 2. fuhte, 
 fuhton. 
 
 feel, 
 
 faelon, 
 felon. 
 
 fohten. 
 
 folen, 
 
 feolen. 
 
294 
 
 LIST OF IUBJiGULAB AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. 
 
 
 Present. 
 
 Preterit. 
 
 Participle 
 
 findan (find). 
 
 I. 
 
 2. findest, findst, 
 fintst, finst, 
 
 3. finded, Ant, &c. 
 
 fand(o), 
 
 funde,* 
 
 fundon. 
 
 funden. 
 
 fleogan (fly). 
 
 VI. 
 
 2. fleogest, 
 
 1. flgog(h), 
 
 flogen. 
 
 fliogan, 
 
 
 3. flgoged, fligd, &c. 
 
 2. fluge, 
 flugon. 
 
 
 fleon (flee). 
 
 VI. 
 
 1. Ago, 
 
 1. fleah, 
 
 flogen. 
 
 __flgohan. 
 
 
 2. filhst, flyhst, 
 
 2. fluge, 
 
 
 fleogan, 
 
 
 3. flihd, flyhd. 
 
 flugon. 
 
 
 flion. 
 
 PI. 
 
 fleod, fliod, flyhd. 
 
 
 
 fteotan (float), 
 
 VI. 
 
 2. flytst, 
 
 3. flyt 
 
 fleat, 
 fluton. 
 
 floten. 
 
 flitan (strive). 
 
 V. 
 
 2. fittest, flitst, 
 
 3. flited, flit, &e. 
 
 flat, 
 fliton. 
 
 fliten. 
 
 fiowan (flow, : 
 
 red.) 
 
 2. flowest, flewst, 
 
 3. flowed, flewd, &e. 
 
 flgow, 
 flSowon. 
 
 flowen. 
 
 folgan* (follow). 
 
 1. 
 
 , folgige, 
 
 
 2, 
 
 , folgast, fylgst, 
 
 
 3. 
 PI. 
 
 folgad, fylgd. 
 folgiad. , 
 
 f6n (grasp, red.) 
 
 1. 
 
 2. 
 
 f5, 
 
 fehst, 
 
 
 3. 
 
 fend. 
 
 
 PI. 
 
 fod. 
 
 Imper. 
 
 f6h, i 
 
 fad. 
 
 fragan (learn). 
 
 IV. 
 
 
 (gefragan). 
 
 
 
 folgode, fyl(i)gde, gefolgod. 
 
 Imper. folga (-iad). 
 
 fretan (eat up). III. 2. fritest, fritst, 
 3. freted, frited, 
 fritt, fryt. 
 
 frgogan*(free). frSo, &c. 
 
 frgon, frgod, 
 
 PI. freogad. 
 
 Imper. frgo. 
 
 1. fgng, 
 
 fangen, 
 
 2. fgnge, 
 
 fongen. 
 
 fengon. 
 
 
 Subj. Pres. f6 f Pret 
 
 . fgnge, 
 
 fan, 
 
 fengen. 
 
 
 gefraegen, 
 
 
 gefregen. 
 
 1. fraet, 
 
 freten. 
 
 2. fraete, 
 
 
 frceton. 
 
 
 freode, 
 
 frgod. 
 
 -on. 
 
 
 Subj. Pres. freoge. 
 
\ 
 
 LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 295 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 fricgan (ask). III. 2. frigest, frigst, frihst, 1. fraeg, ge-frigen, 
 
 fricgean, 3. friged, frigd, frihd, &o. 2. freege, -fregen, 
 
 fricggan. frsegon. -frasgen, 
 
 Imper. frige, &o. Subj. Pres. fricge, &c. 
 
 frignan (ask). I. 2. frignest, 1. fraegn(-en,-in), frugnen. 
 
 3. frigned, &e. frseng, fregen (-n), 
 
 2. frugne, 
 frugnon. 
 Imper. frign (-ad). Subj. Pres. frigne, &e. 
 
 frinan (ask). I. 2. frinest, 1. fran, fruneu. 
 
 3. frined, &e. 2. frune, 
 
 frunon. 
 Imper. frln (ad). Subj. Pres. frlne (-en). 
 
 fringan (ask). I. -(ge)-fringon (Beo. 1667.) 
 
 galan (sing). 
 
 IV. 2. gselest, gaelst, 
 
 gol, 
 
 galen. 
 
 
 3. gseled, gseld, &e. 
 
 golem. 
 
 
 gan (go). 
 
 1. ga\ 
 
 # 
 
 
 
 2. gaest, 
 
 1. eode, 
 
 gegan. 
 
 
 3. gaed. 
 
 2. eodest, 
 
 
 
 PI. gSd. 
 
 eodon. 
 
 
 
 Imper. gS (-d). Subj. 
 
 Pres. ga, 
 gSn. 
 
 
 gangan (go). 
 
 1. gange, gonge, 
 
 geong, glong, 
 
 gangen, 
 
 gongan {red). 
 
 2. gangest, gongest, 
 
 gieng, ggng, 
 
 gongen. 
 
 gancgan, 
 
 3. ganged, gonged. 
 
 
 
 PI. gangod, gongod. gSongon, glongon, 
 
 (Usually contracted into gan). giengon, g§ngon. 
 
 gellan (yell). 1. gelle, gille, gielle, gylle, geal, gollen. 
 
 giellan (red.) 2. gilst, gielst, gylst, gullon. 
 
 gyllan, 3. gilled, gild, gield, 
 
 gillan, gylled, gyld. 
 
 PI. gellad (i, ie, y). 
 
296 
 
 LIST OF IJ1SEGVLAM AJSTD ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 gerwan * (prepare). gearw(i)e (gearuwe), gearwode (-ade, -ede), gegired, 
 
 gasrwian, 
 
 
 girede, &c. 
 
 ge-gear-wod, 
 
 girwan, 
 
 
 -odon. 
 
 (-ad, -ed). 
 
 gierwan, 
 
 
 
 
 gyrwan, 
 
 
 
 
 gearwiau. 
 
 PI. gearwad. 
 
 
 
 geopan(take up).VI. 2. gypst, 
 
 geap, 
 
 gopen. 
 
 
 3.gypd. 
 
 gupon. 
 
 
 
 PI. geopad. 
 
 
 
 geotan (pour). 
 
 VI. 2. gytst, 
 
 ggat, g§t, 
 
 goten. 
 
 
 3. gyt. 
 
 guton. 
 
 
 
 PI. geotad. 
 
 
 
 gjfan (give). 
 
 III. 1. gife, &e. 
 
 1. geaf,g3Bf,gef, 
 
 gifen, 
 
 giefan, 
 
 2. gifest, gifst, 
 
 2. geafe, ggfe, 
 
 giefen, 
 
 gefan, 
 
 3. gifed, gifd. 
 
 geafon,gefon 
 
 . gyfen. 
 
 geofan, 
 
 
 
 
 giofan, 
 
 PI. gifad. 
 
 
 
 gyfan. 
 
 
 
 
 gildan (pay). 
 
 I. 2. giltst, gieltst, 
 
 geald, 
 
 golden. 
 
 gieldan, 
 
 gyltst, gilst, 
 
 guidon. 
 
 
 gyldan, 
 
 3. gilded, gilt, 
 
 
 
 geldan, 
 
 gielt, gylt, &o. 
 
 
 
 gilpan (boast). 
 
 I. 2. gilpst, gielpst, gylpst, gealp, 
 
 golpen. 
 
 gielpan, 
 
 3. gilpd, gielpd. 
 
 gulpon. 
 
 
 gylpan, 
 
 PI. gilpad (ie, y). 
 
 
 
 glnan (yawn). 
 
 V. 1. gine, 
 
 gSn, 
 
 ginen. 
 
 
 2. ginest, ginst, 
 
 ginon. 
 
 
 
 3. gined, gind. 
 
 
 
 
 PI. ginad. 
 
 
 
 ginnan (begin) 
 
 . I. 2. -ginnest, ginst, 
 
 1. -gann(o), 
 
 -gunnen. 
 
 gynnan, 
 
 3. -ginned,gind,gined,&c. 2. -gunne, 
 
 
 
 
 -gunnon. 
 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 297 
 
 Infinitive. Present. 
 
 Preterit. 
 
 Participle. 
 
 gitan (get). III. 1. -gite (y, ie), 
 
 -geat, 
 
 giten. 
 
 gietan, 2. -gitst, 
 
 
 
 gytan, 3. -git, -gitt. 
 
 geaton. 
 
 
 geotan. PI. -gitad (y, ie). 
 
 
 
 glidan (glide). V. 2. glidest, 
 
 giad, 
 
 gliden. 
 
 3. glided, glit, &c. 
 
 glidon. 
 
 
 greetan (bewail). 1. grsete, 
 
 gret, 
 
 grseten, 
 
 gretan. (red.) 2. greatest, &e. 
 
 greton. 
 
 greten. 
 
 grafan (dig). IV. 1. grafe, graefe, 
 
 grof, 
 
 grafeu. 
 
 2. grasfest, grasfst, 
 
 grofon. 
 
 
 3. graefed, grasfd. 
 PI. grafad. 
 
 grgosan(frighten). VI. 2. gryst, 
 3. gryst. 
 PI. grgosad. 
 
 grgotan(weep). VI. 2. grytest, grytst, 
 
 3. grgoted, gryt, &c. 
 
 grimman (rage, I. 2. grimst, 
 
 hasten). 3. grimmed, grimd, &e. 
 
 grindan (grind). I. 2. grintst, griiist, 
 gryndan. 3. grint, &c. 
 
 gripan (grasp). V. 2. gripest, gripst, 
 
 3. griped, gripd, &c. 
 
 grSwan (grow, red.) 2. grSwest, grewst, 
 
 3. grdwed, grgwd, &c. 
 
 habban (have). 1. haebbe (hafa, -o, -u), 
 
 2. hsefst (hafast, hafest ), -on. 
 
 3.(hafad, hasfetf ), haefd. 
 PI. habbad(ae). 
 Imper. hafa, habbad (ae). Subj. Pres. haebbe (a), 
 
 -en, -on (as). 
 
 grgas, 
 
 groren. 
 
 gruron. 
 
 
 grgat, 
 
 groten. 
 
 gruton. 
 
 
 gramm(o), 
 
 grummen. 
 
 grummon. 
 
 
 1. grand (o), 
 
 grunden. 
 
 2. grunde, 
 
 
 grundon. 
 
 
 grap, 
 
 gripen. 
 
 gripon. 
 
 
 grgow, 
 
 gr6wen. 
 
 grgowon. 
 
 
 hasfde, 
 
 (ge)haef(e)d. 
 
298 
 
 LIST OF IliliEGULAli AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. .Preterit. Participle, 
 
 hatan (bid, -red). 2. hatest, hastsd (?), heht, het, haten. 
 
 3. hated, bat, heett, &c. hehton, heton. 
 
 hatan* (be called). 
 
 hebban (raise). IV. 1. hebbe(se), 
 hasbban. 3. hefed, hefd. 
 
 PI. hebbad. 
 Imper. bebe, bebbad. 
 
 hStte(Pres.&Pret.) 
 
 hatton. 
 
 h6f, 
 hofon. 
 
 hafen (ae). 
 
 helan (conceal). II. 2. hilest (y), 
 
 3. hild. 
 PI. belad. 
 
 1. basl, 
 
 2. heele, 
 bselon. 
 
 belpan (help). I. 2. belpst, 1. bealp, 
 
 3. helped, bilpd (ie),&c. 2. hulpe, 
 bulpon. 
 
 bolen. 
 
 holpen. 
 
 herede (-ode), hered. 
 heredon. 
 
 berian (praise). 1. herige, berge, 
 
 bergan, hasran, 
 
 bergian, herian. 3. hered. 
 
 PI. berad, heriad, herigad. herigead, hergad. 
 Imper. hera (e). 
 
 heafan (mourn, red.) 
 
 
 hgof, h6f, 
 
 beofon. 
 
 healdan(hold, red.) 2. healdest, 
 
 
 1. heold, 
 
 haldan. 3. hilt, healt, 
 
 hylt, 
 
 2. heolde, 
 
 PI. healdad. 
 
 
 heoldon (lo). 
 
 hgawan (hew, red.) 
 
 
 h§ow, 
 
 3. heawed, 
 
 
 heowon. 
 
 hlwd (le). 
 
 
 
 PI. heawad. 
 
 
 
 hladan (load). IV. 1. hlade, 
 
 
 hlod, 
 
 2. hlsetst, 
 
 
 
 3. hladed, &c 
 
 
 blodon (u, a). 
 
 healden. 
 
 heawen. 
 
 bladen. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 299 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 hlehhan( laugh). IV. 1. hliche, &e. 1. hloh, -hlahen, 
 
 hlihhnti, 2. hloge, -kleahen. 
 hlihan, 
 
 hlyhhan. hlogon (a, u). 
 
 PI. hlihgad, hlihad (le). 
 
 hlgapan(leap,run).l. hleape, &e. hlgop, hleapen. 
 
 {red.) 3. hleaped,hleapd,hlipd,&c. hleopon (u). 
 
 hleotan (east lots). 1. hlgote, hlgat, 
 
 {red.) 2. hlgotest, &e. hluton. 
 
 hlidan (cover). V. -hlad, hliden. 
 
 -hlidon. 
 
 hligan (call). V. 3. -Mid. 
 
 hlimman (resound). I. hlamm, 
 
 hlymman. 3. hlimmed, hlymmed, &c. hlummon. 
 
 hldwan (low, red.) 3. hlgwd. hlgow, 
 
 hlgowon. 
 
 hnatan (strike, red. ) hngot 
 
 hngappan (break, red.) -hngop, -hngapen. 
 
 hneopon. 
 
 hnlgan (bend). V. hnige, &c. hnag(h), hnigen. 
 
 hnigon. 
 
 hnltan(knoek).V 1™«*. Mto 
 
 hniton. 
 
 h6n(hang,m7.) hgn S- han een. 
 
 PI. hod. hgngon. 
 
 PI. Imper. h6h (-d). 
 
 hrgosan (fall). VI. 1. hrgose, ^as, ^roren. 
 
 3. hrysd, hryst, hrist (S). hruron. 
 
 , ^ j. x -5,-t hroden. 
 
 hrgodan (cover). VI 
 
 (hrgodan). 
 
300 LIST OF IRREGULAR AMD ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 t 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 hrgowan (rue). VI. 3. hrlwd, brSaw (go) 
 
 (Impers. often). 3. hreowed. 
 PI. br§owd. 
 
 brinan (touch). V. 1. hrlne (o), hrSn, hrinen. 
 
 3. brined, hrind. brinon. 
 
 hrindan (push). I. brand, 
 
 hrundon. 
 
 hr6fan(cry,eall,red.) nrSop, 
 
 hreopou (-u). 
 
 hriitan (make a noise). VI. brute, &c. hreat, 
 
 bruton. 
 
 badan(rob). VI. -bgad, -boden. 
 
 -budon. 
 
 hwelan (howl), II. hwaL 
 
 hwylan. 3. bwiled. 
 
 hwettan*(whet). 1. hwette, &e. hwette, 
 
 3. hwset, hwseted, bweted. bwetton. 
 
 bweorfan(turn,move), I. 1. hweorfe, hwearf.hwaerf, hworfen. 
 
 bworfan, 2. hwearfest, hwurfon (o, eo). 
 
 bwurfan. 3. bwirfd, hweorfed, &o. 
 
 hycgan* (think), 1. hycge (i), &c, hogade (-ode, -ede), 
 
 Megan (-ean). 3. hyeged, byged. [bogde, 
 
 PI. hyegad (ead). bogedon (-odon, -dan), 
 
 hogdan. 
 
 irnan (run, flow). I. 3. irnd, irned, yrned. 1. arn, urnen. 
 
 2. urne, 
 PI. yrnad. urnon. 
 
 lSoan (jump, move), 1. leolc (-l$c), -lacen. 
 
 (red.) 3. laced, &o. 2. leolce, 
 
 -lScon. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 301 
 
 Preterit. Participle. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. 
 
 l*tan (let, red.), 1. lsete, 
 letan. 2. laetest, laetst, 
 
 3. lasted, laett, leted. 
 Imper. lset (-ad). 
 
 leccan * (moisten). 
 
 let (leot), 
 leton. 
 
 leohte. 
 
 Ice ten. 
 
 leoht. 
 
 lecgan*(lay). 
 
 1. lecge, 
 
 2. legest, 
 leged. 
 
 PL lecgad. 
 
 legde (-l§de), ge-leged, 
 legdon (£B). ge-l§d. 
 
 lesan (pick). 
 
 in. 
 
 lass, 
 -lcesoii. 
 
 -lesen. 
 
 l§an (scold). 
 
 IV. 3. lyhd. 
 
 ISg (h), 
 ldgon. 
 
 -leahen. 
 
 lgodan (grow), 
 liodan. 
 
 VI. 
 
 lead, 
 ludon. 
 
 -loden. 
 
 leofan (love ?). 
 
 VI. (Dan. 56). PL 
 
 lufan(?). 
 
 
 leogan (lie). 
 
 VI. 
 
 3. lyhd, leoged. 
 PL leogad. 
 
 lgag(h), 
 lugon. 
 
 -logen. 
 
 leosan (lose). 
 
 VI. 3. -list. 
 
 leas, 
 -luron. 
 
 -loren. 
 
 libban*(live), 
 lybban. 
 
 1. Iibbe (Sweet, Ixxv.), 
 
 2. leofast (i), 
 
 3. leofad (i). 
 PL libbad. 
 
 lifde(y), 
 leofode, 
 lifdon (a, y), 
 leofodon. 
 
 -lifd, 
 
 -lyfd. 
 
 ge-leofod. 
 
 Pres. Subj. Iibbe (-en, -on). Imper. leofa (i), 
 
 libbad. 
 
 licgan(ean), (lie down). III. 2. ligst, 
 
 3. licged,liged,Iigd,Iigd(-et),Ieeg, -legen. 
 
 [lid. laegon(a), (un.an). 
 PL ligad (-ead). 
 
 Udan(grow). V. 3. llded. 
 
302 
 
 LIST OF IRREGULAR, AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. 
 lifian*(live), 
 lyfian, 
 
 lifgan (-ean). 
 leofian. 
 
 Present. 
 
 1. liiige, lifge, 
 
 2. leofast, 
 
 3. lifad, lyfad, leofad. 
 
 Preterit. Participle. 
 (See libban). 
 
 PI. lifiad, lifigead, lifigad, 
 lifgad. 
 Imper. leofa. 
 
 llhan (lend), V. 3. -lihd (-lyhd). 
 lyhan. 
 
 Um p an (happen). I. 3. limped, limpd. &o. 
 (Impers.) 
 
 liunan (yield), I. 2. linnest, linst, 
 
 lynuan. 3. -liiid, 
 
 -linned, linnid, &c. 
 
 lidan (go). I. 
 
 luoan (lock). VI. 
 lutan (bow/. 
 
 magan (may). 
 
 lah(g),leah, -lihen. 
 -ligon. 
 
 lamp (o), gelumpen. 
 -lumpon. 
 
 1. -lan,-lon(un), -lunnen. 
 
 2. -lunne, 
 
 luruioa. 
 
 -lad. -liden, 
 
 -lidon (-lidon). -liden. 
 
 3. lycd, &c. 
 
 3. luted, lytt, &c. 
 
 1. mseg, 
 
 2. meaht, mint. 
 
 -leac, 
 lucon. 
 
 locen. 
 
 leat, (ge)loten. 
 
 lutan (-un). 
 
 1. mealite, mehte, mihte, 
 
 2. meahtes, 
 
 PI. magon, meegon, magan, meahtum (-on, -an), 
 magum, magun. mihton (-en). 
 
 Subj. Pres. meege. Subj. Pret. meahte, mihte, 
 
 PI. rnsegen, msege. meahte, meahtes (-t), 
 
 meahton, mihton, 
 meahtan, meahten, 
 mihten, meahte, mihte. 
 
 mawan (mow, red.) 
 
 meltan (melt). I. 3. melted, 
 
 -mSow. -mawen. 
 
 mealt, -molten, 
 
 multon (-an). 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 303 
 
 Infinitive. Present, 
 
 metan (measure). III. 
 
 meornan (mourn,care). I. 
 (u). 
 
 midan (hide). V. 
 
 motan (may,must). 1. mot, 
 2. most. 
 PI. moton (-an, -en, -um, -un) 
 Subj. Pres. mote. 
 
 PI. moten (-an, -e). 
 
 Preterit. 
 
 Participle. 
 
 meet, 
 
 meten. 
 
 meeton. 
 
 
 mearn, 
 
 mornen. 
 
 murnon. 
 
 
 mid, 
 
 miden. 
 
 -midon. 
 
 
 moste. 
 
 
 -on. 
 
 
 munan (think). 1. man, mon munde. 
 
 2. manst. -on. 
 
 PI. munon. Subj. Pres. mune, 
 
 -an. 
 
 nabban(not to have). 1. nsbbe, 
 (ne -f- habban. 2. nafast, nseft, 
 
 3. nafad, neefd. 
 PI. nabbad. 
 
 nsefde, 
 nsefdon. 
 
 nagan, 
 (ne -f agan). 
 
 1. nab, 
 
 PI. nagon (-an). 
 
 napan (red.) 
 in genapan (attack?). 
 
 nesan (survive, endure). III. 
 
 3. -nist, -nesed, &c. 
 
 nahte, 
 
 nab. ton (-an). 
 
 -nSop, 
 
 -neopon. 
 
 -naes, 
 neeson. 
 
 neopen. 
 
 genesen. 
 
 neam, neom (am not). 3. nis, nys, 
 (=ne + eam). 
 
 PI. nearon. 
 
 neotan (en joy,use).VI. 
 nlotan. 
 
 Pres. Part, neerende. 
 
 -neat, 
 -nuton. 
 
 -noten. 
 
304 LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle, 
 
 nillan, 1. nelle, nele, 1. nolde, 
 
 nellan (=ne-f-willan), nylle, nyle, 2. noldest (-s), 
 nyllan. 2. nelt, nylt. 
 
 PI. nellad (g). noldon (-an). 
 
 Imper. nyle, nyllad. Pres. Subj. nyle, nelle, 
 
 nyllen, nellon. 
 
 niman (take). II. 1. nime, 
 (y, eo, io). 2. nimest, 
 
 3. nimed (y), nimd. 
 
 PI. nimad (y). 
 nlpan (grow dark). V. 
 
 nitan(y, e), (not to know). 1. nat, 
 (=ne-fwitan). 2. nast. 
 
 PI. nyton, neton. 
 
 -nugan (have at com- -neah. 
 [mand.) 
 
 PI. -nugon. 
 
 r&can* (reach, attain), 
 reecean. 
 
 rsedan(advise,rai.). 1. raede, 
 
 2. rcedest, 
 
 3. rseded, rset, &c. 
 
 3. reed, reced, &c. 
 Imper. reoe (-ad). 
 
 1. nam, nom, numen. 
 
 2. name, 
 namon (-an), 
 
 (noman). 
 
 -nap, 
 
 -iiipon. 
 
 -mpen. 
 
 1. nyste, nysse, 
 
 2. nysses, 
 
 nyston. 
 
 -nohte. 
 
 rashte, 
 rsehton. 
 
 rSord. 
 
 -raeht. 
 
 rafan (rob). 
 
 IV. 
 
 -r6f, -rafen. 
 
 
 
 rofon. 
 
 r§can*(reck),' 
 
 2. recst, 
 
 rohte, 
 
 reccan. 
 
 3. reed, reced, &c. 
 
 ronton (-un). 
 
 reccan*(rule,say). 1. recce, 
 
 reahte, rehte, -reaht, 
 
 
 2. recest, 
 
 -on. -reht. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR. AMD ANOMALOUS VERBS. 305 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 r6ocan(reek,exhale). IV. 
 
 PI. reocad. 
 
 reodan (redden). VI. 
 
 reofan (break). VI. 
 
 reotan (weep). VI. 
 
 3. reoted. 
 PI. reotad. 
 
 rldan (ride). V. 1. ride, &c, 
 3. rlded, &c. 
 
 rldan (get ready). V. 
 
 rinnan (run, flow). I. 
 
 rlsan (rise). V. 
 
 3. rlst, &c. 
 
 rowan (row, red.) 1. rowe, 
 
 3. rowed, rSwd, ( 
 
 sacan (fight). IV. 
 
 sawan (sow, red.) 3. sawed, s&wd. 
 pi. sawad. 
 
 scadan (separate), 3. Shaded, scaded, &c. sc6d (6o), scaden, 
 
 scedon. scdaden. 
 sceadan. (red.) 
 
 PL radon. 
 
 
 -reaf, 
 
 rofen. 
 
 -rufon. 
 
 
 reat, 
 
 -roten. 
 
 niton. 
 
 
 1. rSd, 
 
 riden. 
 
 2. ride, 
 
 
 ridon (-an), 
 
 
 -rad. 
 
 -riden. 
 
 ridon. 
 
 
 ran, 
 
 -runnen. 
 
 runnon. 
 
 
 1. raa, 
 
 risen. 
 
 2. rise, 
 
 
 rison. 
 
 
 r§ow, 
 
 
 rgowon, 
 
 
 reon. 
 
 
 soc, 
 
 sacen. 
 
 sScon. 
 
 
 seow (slow), sawen. 
 
 sSowon 
 
 (-an). 
 
 scanan (shine? red.) See sclnan. 
 
 PI. scionan. 
 
306 
 
 LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present, 
 
 sceppan (shape, do). IV, 2. soyppest, 
 (i, y, eo). 3. scipd, &c. 
 
 sceran(eo), (shear). II. 
 
 soerwan (squander). III. 
 
 sceacan (shake, move), IV. 
 
 scacan. sceaced, scaeced, &c. 
 
 sceadan (scathe). IV. 
 
 sce"otan(shoQt,move), VL 
 sciotan. 3. scyt, scitt, 
 
 PI. sceotad. 
 
 sclnan (shine). V. 3. seined, scyned, i 
 
 sciifan (shrive). V. 3. scrifed, scrlfd, &c. 
 
 scrldan (stride). V. 3. sorlded, scrld, &c. 
 
 sciifan (shove). VI. 
 
 3. scyft. 
 PI. scufad. 
 
 Preterit. Participle. 
 
 1. scop (So), sceapen, 
 
 2. scSope, scepen, 
 scopon(eo ). scapen. 
 
 scaer, seer (ea), scoren. 
 scseron. 
 
 sc6c (eo), sceacen, 
 
 scacen, 
 sceocan (an), scsecen. 
 
 scod (eo), 
 
 sceaden. 
 
 scodon (-un, -an). 
 
 sceat, 
 
 scoten, 
 
 scuton. 
 
 sceoten. 
 
 scan (ea), 
 
 scinen. 
 
 scinon, 
 
 
 scionon (B 
 
 .303?). 
 
 scrat (ea), 
 
 scrifen. 
 
 scrifon. 
 
 
 scrad, scriden. 
 
 scridon(-un). 
 
 scgaf, scofen. 
 
 soufon (-un). 
 
 soulan (shall). 1. sceal(ll), seal, scel(Il), sceolde, scolde, sciolde, 
 
 2. scealt, scealtu (=scealt pu). -on. 
 PL soulon (-un, -an), 
 sceolon (-un, -an). 
 Pres. Subj. scyle, scile. 
 
 PI. scylen, scylan, scyle, sceole. 
 
 sScan, secean * (seek), 
 seccan, seoccan, 3. seed, 
 
 sohte, gesoht. 
 
 Bohton (-un, -an). 
 
LIST OF IRREG VLAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 307 
 
 Present. 
 1. secge, ssecge, &o. 
 
 Preterit, Participle, 
 saegde, ssede, saegd, 
 
 Infinitive. 
 secgan*(say), 
 seccgan, 
 
 secgean, 3. seged, sagged, secged. saegdon, saedon. saed. 
 
 ssecgean. 
 
 PI. secgad, secgead (se). 
 Imper. sege, ssecgead, secgead. 
 
 aellan(i,y) > *(give,sell).l. selle, sille, 1. sealde, geseald. 
 
 2. selest, sylest, 2. -est^-es), 
 
 3. seld, sild, seled, syled. sealdon (-un). 
 PI. syllad. 
 
 Imper. Sg. ssele, syle, sile. 
 
 sendan*(send). 1. sende, sende, gesended, 
 
 2. senst (se), sendest (se), sendon. gesend. 
 
 3. sended, sent, &c. 
 
 serwan* (contrive), 
 
 serian, 2. syrwst 
 
 syrwan (i). 
 
 PI. syrewad, serwad. 
 
 Byrwde, syrede,. 
 
 serede, 
 
 syrwedan, geserod,-ed. 
 syredan (-on), 
 seredon (i). 
 
 a€on (see), 
 
 III. 1. seo, 
 
 1. seah, 
 
 gesegen, 
 
 slon. 
 
 2. sihst, 
 
 2. sawe, 
 
 -sewen. 
 
 
 3. sid, syhd, sihd. 
 
 sawon, ssegon, ' , 
 
 
 PI. sSod, siod. 
 
 [segon (- 
 
 un). 
 
 
 Imper. seoh, syh, sioh. 
 
 
 
 seon (strain). 
 
 V 
 
 PI. (ge-)sgod. 
 
 
 (be) seon 
 
 seodan (seethe). VI. 
 
 3. s6oded. 
 
 1. sead, 
 
 2. sude, 
 
 soden. 
 
 
 PI. seodad. 
 
 sudon. 
 
 
 sigan (sink). 
 
 V. 
 
 , 3. slgd, slged. 
 
 sSg(h), 
 
 sigen. 
 
 
 PI. sigad. 
 
 sigon. 
 
 
308' LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 ■" Infinitive. ' Present. 
 
 sincan (sink). I. 
 
 singan (sing). I. 
 
 sinnan (think). I. 
 
 
 Preterit. 
 
 Participle. 
 
 1. 
 
 sane (o), 
 
 . suncen. 
 
 2. 
 
 sunce, 
 suncon. 
 
 
 1. 
 
 sang, 
 
 sungen. 
 
 2. 
 
 sunge, 
 sungon. 
 
 sann (-u), 
 sunnon. 
 
 
 sittan (sit). III. 1. sitte, 
 
 1. sget, 
 
 seten. 
 
 2. sitest, sitstj sittest, 2. seete, 
 
 3. sited, sitt. 
 
 s£eton(e). 
 
 
 PI. sittad. 
 
 
 
 •-•• * Imper. site, sittad. 
 
 
 
 sleepan (sleep, red.) 2. slaepst, 
 
 slep(slcfepte), # (slapen). 
 
 (a, 6). 3. sleeped, slaepd. 
 
 slepon. 
 
 
 PL slsepad. 
 
 
 
 siean. (strike),' IV. 
 
 sl6g (h), 
 
 slagen, 
 
 slagan. 3. alihd. 
 
 slogon(-un 
 
 ). slaegen, 
 
 - 
 
 
 slegen. 
 
 Imper. sleah, sleh. 
 
 
 
 PI. slead. 
 
 
 
 alidan (slide). V. 1. slide, 
 
 slad, 
 
 sliden. 
 
 2. slldest, slitst, 
 
 
 
 3. slided, silt. 
 
 slidon. 
 
 
 PI. slidad. 
 
 
 
 slltan (slit). V, 1. slite, &e., 
 
 slat, 
 
 sliten(y). 
 
 3. silted, slit. 
 
 sliton. 
 
 
 PI. slltad. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pres. Part, slidend. 
 
 
 
 slupan($), (slip).VI. 
 
 sISap, 
 slupon. 
 
 slopen. 
 
LIST. OF IBBEG TOUR, AXD ANOMALQ US , V%R$S. . 30? 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 smeocan(smoke).VI. 1. smeoce, smeac, smocen. .„ 
 
 3. smycd. smiicon. 
 
 smitan (smite, sail). V. smat, smiten. 
 
 smiton. 
 
 smugan(flow,penetrate). VI. -smyhd. 
 
 snadan(?). IV. (Cf. B. 1944). sn5d. 
 
 snidan (out). V. snad, sniden. 
 
 snidon. 
 
 spanan (entice, red.) sp6n(So), spanen(o). 
 
 3. spaned, -spend, &o. sponon(go). 
 
 spannan (join, red.) spSon. spannen. 
 
 speornan (spurn), I. spearn, sporaen. 
 
 spornan. spurnon. 
 
 spiwan (spew). V. spaw. 
 
 spowan (sueeeed, red.) spSow, 
 
 speowon. 
 
 sprecan (ee), (speak). II. 1. sprece (ae, i), 1. spraec sprecen. 
 
 2. spricest, spryost, 2. spruce, 
 3. spriod, spriced, spreoed. spr&con, sp&con. 
 PI. sprecad. 
 
 spreatan (sprout, red. ) -sprgot. 
 
 spr§otan(sprout).VI. sprgat, sproten. 
 
 (Cf. aprytan). spruton. 
 
 springan (spring). I. sprang(o), sprungen. 
 
 3. springd, &o. Bprungon. 
 
 standan(o), (stand). IV. *t6d, standen. 
 
 3. stonded, standed, stent (y). stodon (-an, -un). 
 
 PI. st an dad. 
 
 M stapan (step). IV. *«*>, stapen. 
 
 stopon. 
 
310 
 
 ■LIST OF IRREGULAR AND". ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present, 
 
 stelan (steal). II. 3. steled, steld(y). 
 PI. stelad. 
 
 stellan* (place), 
 stlgan (move,go). V. 
 
 Preterit. Participle, 
 steel, stolen. 
 
 stselon. 
 
 stealde.stalde. gesteald. 
 
 stincan (stink). I. 
 stingan (sting). I. 
 
 streccan*( stretch). 1. strecce, 
 
 2. streces'c, 
 
 3. streced, strecd. 
 PI. streccad. 
 
 stredan (scatter). I. 3. streded. 
 PI. stredad. 
 
 stregdan (strew). I. 3. stregded(i). 
 
 strican (move). V. 3. strlced. 
 
 strudan (ravage). VI. 
 
 stag(h), stigen. 
 3. stlgd, stiged, stihd, &c. stigon. 
 
 stanc (o), stuncen. 
 stuncon. 
 
 styrian(i)*(stir), 
 styrgan(i). 
 
 styrge, &c. 
 
 PI. styriad. 
 sucan (suck). VI. 
 
 sugan (suck). VI. 
 
 supan (swallow). VI. 
 
 swapan (sweep, drive, red.) 
 swapan (sweep, red.) 
 
 stang, stungen. 
 stungon. 
 
 streahte, streaht, 
 
 strehte. streht. 
 
 2. -stnide(?). 
 2. -strugde. 
 
 stread, stroden. 
 
 strudon. 
 
 styrode(ede), styred(i). 
 
 styredon. 
 
 seac, sScen. 
 
 sucon. 
 
 sogen. 
 
 sugon. 
 
 seap, 
 
 sopen. 
 
 supon. 
 
 
 s-wgop. 
 
 
 siweop, 
 
 svsrapen. 
 
 sweopon. 
 
 
LIST OF IRRMGULAlt AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 311 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle. 
 
 swebban*(put to sleep). 3. awebed. swefede. swefed. 
 PI. swebbad. 
 
 swefan (sleep). III. 3. swefed, swifed, &<j. swaef, 
 
 sweefon. 
 
 swelgan(eo), (swallow). I. swealg(h), swolgen. 
 
 swulgon. 
 
 sweltan (die). I. 1. swelte, 
 
 2. sweltest, swealt, 
 
 3. swelted, swylted, &c. swulton (-an). 
 
 3. swered. sw6r, sweor, 
 
 swerian(swear). IV. 1. swerige, swerge, (swerede*), 
 
 PI. sweriad. swSron. sworen. 
 
 swercan (darken). I. swearc, sworcen. 
 
 swurcon. 
 
 sweorfan (wipe). I. sworfen. 
 
 3. swyrft. 
 
 swican(move,leaveoff).V. 1. swlce, swac, awioen. 
 
 2. -est, -at, 
 
 3. swicd, -ed, &c. swicon. 
 
 swlfan (roam). V. 3. swifed. swaf. 
 
 swimman(y),(swim).I. swamm(o), 
 3. swimd. 
 
 PI. swimmad. swummon. 
 
 swincan (toil). I. 1. swince, &c, swanc, 
 
 3. swincd. awunoon. 
 PI. swincad. 
 
 swingan (beat, swing). I. swan S- swungen. 
 
 3. swinged, &e. swungon. 
 
 swogan (rustle, red. > 
 
 PI. swogad. 
 
312 LIST OF IllKEGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. 
 
 t3ecan*(-ean), (teach). 3. tsecd,&c 
 
 teldan (cover). I. 
 
 tellan*(tell,count). 1. telle, 
 
 2. telest, 
 
 3. teled. 
 PI. tellad. 
 
 teran (tear). II. tere, &c. 
 
 teon (draw), VI. 1. t§o, 
 tion. 2. tyhst (i), 
 
 3. tyhd, tehd. 
 PI. t§od. 
 
 tlhan (accuse), V. 2. tyhst, 
 te"on 3. tyhd(i). 
 
 tingan (press). I. 
 , tredan (tread). III. 1. trede, &c. 
 
 3 . tritt, treded (ie,i, y ) . 
 PI. tredad. 
 
 jpeccan* (cover). 3. £eced. 
 PI. J>eccad. 
 
 J>encan*(-ean), (think). 1. fcence, 
 
 2. -est, -st, 
 
 3. -ed, -d. 
 PI. Jjenead (-ead). 
 
 ]?erscan (thresh). I. 3. fcirsced (-d). 
 
 J>@on(i),(thrive).VI. 1. £§o. 
 PI. fcgod. 
 
 Jj§otan (howl). VI. 
 
 PI. Jmton. 
 
 Preterit. Participle, 
 tsehte. , tseht. .. 
 
 teald, 
 
 tuldoc 
 
 tolden. 
 
 tealde, teald, 
 
 tealdon. teled. 
 
 taer, 
 tseron. 
 
 toren. 
 
 teah(g),teh, togen. 
 t.ugon. 
 
 teah. 
 
 tang. 
 
 tigen. 
 
 1. trsed, treden. 
 
 2. traede. 
 trsedon(-an). 
 
 peahte, ]?ehte. fcieaht. 
 
 1. fcohte, gefioht. 
 
 2. -est, 
 -on (-an). 
 
 t>Sah, 
 
 fcmgon. 
 
 fcqgen. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND. ANOMALOUS VERBS. 313 
 
 Inonitive. Present. 
 
 picgan (-ean), (take). Ill 
 
 3. fcigetf. 
 
 picgan (take). 
 
 bihan (thrive). V. plhd. 
 pindan (swell). I. 3. pint 
 
 bingan (thrive). I. 
 
 preotan (become weary). VI. 
 3. pryt 
 
 preowan (throw). VI. 
 
 pringan (press). I, 
 
 purfan (need,dare). 1. pearf, 
 
 2. pearft, 
 
 3. pearf. 
 PI. purfon. 
 
 Pres. Subj. purfe. 
 
 PI. purfe, pyrfen. 
 
 pweran (beat,forge). II. 
 
 bweahan (wash), IV. 1. pwea(-h), 
 pw§an. 2. -hst (y, e), 
 
 3. pwehd(y, i). 
 PI. pwead. 
 
 pwitan(cut oat). V. 3. pwited. 
 PI. pwiton. 
 
 pyncan (-ean), * (seem), 
 pin can. 
 
 Preterit. Participle. 
 peah.pah,, pigen. . . 
 bsegon. 
 
 pigde,* 
 
 bigdon*(edon). 
 
 pSh(-g),pseh. 
 
 t>unden. 
 
 pand, 
 pundon. 
 
 t>ang, 
 pungon. 
 
 preat, 
 pruton. 
 
 prang, 
 prungon. 
 
 porfte. 
 
 gebungen. 
 broten. 
 
 Jarowen. 
 prungen. 
 
 pwaer, pworen, 
 
 pwseron. puren. 
 
 pwog(h), . p.wagen(ae). 
 pwogon. 
 
 puhte, 
 
 nnnan (grant). 
 
 3. t>yncd,binced(y),bincd. piihton, gebuht. 
 PL pincad (-ead). 
 
 1. an, ami, onn, ude. 
 
 2. unne. 
 PI. unnon. 
 
314 
 
 LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 Infinitive. Present, 
 
 wacan (originate). IV. 
 
 wadan (go). IV. 
 
 wascan(wash). IV. 3. waesced. 
 
 wawan (blow, red.) 
 
 weccan (-ean)*(arouse). 
 
 3. -weed, weced. 
 PI. weccad. 
 
 wefan (weave). III. 
 wegan (bear). III. 
 
 wepan (weep, red.) 3. wiped, wepd. 
 PI. wepad. 
 
 Preterit. Participle, 
 woe, wacen. 
 
 wocon. 
 
 w6d, 
 wodon. 
 
 waden. 
 
 (wSow). wawen. 
 
 weahte, weaht. 
 wehte. 
 
 weef, wefen. 
 
 wsefon. 
 
 waeg, 
 
 wegen. 
 
 weop, 
 wgopon. 
 
 Pres. Subj. wese, 
 
 wesen (an). 
 
 wesan (be). III. (See bSon and earn). 1. waes, wesen, 
 
 2. waere, (weoren). 
 weeron (-un, -an), 
 (weron). 
 Imper. wes, 
 
 wesad. 
 
 weolc. wealcen. 
 
 wgold(lo), wealden. 
 
 weoldon (an), 
 (wioldon). 
 
 wSoll (1), weallen. 
 weollon. 
 
 wealcan (roll, red.) 
 
 wealdan(a),(wield). 1. wealde, 
 
 (red.) 2. -est (a), 
 
 3. wilt, 
 3. wealded(a), &c. 
 
 weallan (well up). 
 
 (red.) 3. wealled. 
 PI. weallad. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 315 
 
 Infinitive. Present. Preterit. Participle, 
 
 weaxan (grow, wax). IV. w§ox,wox, weaxen. 
 
 3. weaxed.wexed.wexd.wixt. weaxou(-au). 
 PI. weaxad. 
 
 weorpan (throw). I. 1. wearp, worpen. 
 
 (o, y, u). 3. weorped, wyrpd (i). 2. wurpe, 
 
 wurpon. 
 PI. weorpad. 
 
 weordan (become), I. 2. wyrdest, 1. weard, worden. 
 
 (io, u, y). 3.(weord), wird, weor- 2. wurde, 
 
 [•ded (u), (wyrd). wurdon (-an, -urn). 
 PI. weordad. 
 Imper. weord(-ad). Pres. Subj. weorde, 
 
 weorden (-an). 
 
 wican (yield). V. wac, wicen. 
 
 wicon. 
 
 willan(y),(will). 1. & 3. wille,wile,wyle,wylle, wolde. 
 
 2. ■wilt, wylt 
 PI. willad (y). 
 
 Pres. Subj. wille, wile, wylle, 
 
 willen (-on),wyllen,wylle. 
 
 windan (wind). I. 3. wint, &e. -wand (o), wunden. 
 
 wundon. 
 
 winnan(y), (strength). I. 1. wan(o),wann, wunnen. 
 
 3. winned, 'wind. 2. wunne, 
 
 PI. winnad (y). 
 
 wunnon. 
 
 witan(y),(know.) 1. wat, wiste(y),(wisse). witen. 
 2. wast, wsest. 
 PI. witon. 
 
 Pres. Subj. wite (-en, -on). Imper. wite (ad). 
 
 wltan(see,move).V. 1. wite, 1. wat, witen. 
 
 2. witest, witst, 2. wite, 
 
 3. wited, witt. witon. 
 PI. witad 
 
 Subj. Imper. wutan, wuton, wutun, utan, uton (=let us). 
 
316 LIST OF. IBSJSaULAB AN'O .ANOMALOUS V.EBB9. 
 
 Infinitive. Present. 
 
 wlltan(see). V. 2. wlitest, 
 3. wlited. 
 PL wlltad. 
 
 Preterit. Participle. 
 -wlSt, , wliten. 
 wliton. 
 
 wre can (push, wreak). III. 3. wricd, &e. 
 
 wraec, wrecen. 
 
 wraecon. 
 
 wrSon Cio), (cover). V. 1. wrSo. 
 
 ■wrgah, 
 
 WrugOn. 
 
 wrldan (d), (increase). V. 
 
 PI. wridad. 
 
 wriden. 
 
 wrlhan (cover). V. 2. wrinst, 
 3. wrihd. 
 
 "wrah, wrigen. 
 
 wrigon. 
 
 writan (scratch, write). V. 
 
 wrat, , writen. 
 
 'Wilton. 
 
 wridan (wreathe). V. 3.wrld. 
 PI. wrad. 
 
 wrad, wiiden. 
 
 wridoii. 
 
 wrotan (root, red.) 
 
 PI. wrdtad. 
 
 wyrcan *(-ean),(work), 
 weorcean, 3. wyrcd, 
 
 wercan (i). , 
 
 1. worhte, geworht. 
 
 2. ' -est, 
 
 -on. 
 
 ^can" (increase), 2. loest, 
 lean (-ean). 3. Iced (f ). 
 
 PI. fcad(ie). 
 
 yhte, Ihte, icte, iecte, 
 icton, ihtan. 
 
 ywan*(show). 1. ywe, 
 
 2. ywest, ^wst, 
 
 3. ;fwed, ywd. 
 PI. ywad. 
 
 ywde, y wed. 
 
 ywdon. 
 
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS TERES. 317 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 1. Verbs marked *, though they are not Strong Verbs, are given here 
 on account of certain vowel irregularities. 
 
 2. First Person Sg. Pres. Ind. is generally regular; and in the Preterit 
 the First and Third Pers.Sg. are alike. The Subj. Pret. has the stem- 
 vowel of Ind. Pret. PI. 
 
 3. The Vowel of Second Pers. Sg. Pret. usually coincides with the 
 Vowel of the Pret. PI. 
 
 4. Many Verbs are defective, or occur only in certain Persons or 
 Tenses. 
 
 5. The dialect forms in various spellings are very numerous: hence 
 only the more regular forms in Pres., Pret., and Participle' have been 
 given. 
 
 6. The Eoman Numeral after a Verb indicates the class to which the 
 Verb belongs. (Koch's classification.) 
 
 7. The Verb-forms, from a to hwi, have been compiled from Bosworth- 
 Toller's Lexicon, and from Groschopp; from hwi on, from Grein's Lex- 
 icon, supplemented by Bosworth-Toller, as far as the latter extends. The 
 orthography has been corrected, as far as possible, by the lists of Verbs 
 given in Sweet's Anglo-Saxon Reader. 
 
318 LIST OF IRREGULAR AND ANOMALOUS VERBS. 
 
 ADDITIONAL. LIST. 
 
 The following list of Weak Verbs is here added 
 liarities. 
 
 Present, 
 cydan (know). 3. cyd(d). 
 
 fyllan (fill). 
 lsedan (lead). 
 
 3. fyld. 
 3. lsett 
 
 lseran (teaeh). 3. Uerd. 
 
 gelifan (believe). 3. gelifd. 
 
 nemnan (name). 3. nemned. 
 
 raesan (rush). 3. r*st. 
 
 wenan (hope). 3. wgnd. 
 
 wendan (turn). 3. -went. 
 
 lettan (hinder). 
 
 3. lett. 
 
 metan (meet). 
 
 3. mgtt 
 
 settan (set). 
 
 3. sett. 
 
 dyppan (dip). 
 
 3. dypd. 
 
 rlpan (reap). 
 
 3. rlpd. 
 
 lixan (shine). 
 
 3. lixt 
 
 (nea)lsecan (approach). 3. leecd. 
 
 here adde 
 
 d as presenting pecn- 
 
 Preterit. 
 
 Participle. 
 
 cydde, 
 cydde. 
 
 gecyded, 
 gecydd. 
 
 fylde. 
 
 gefyld. 
 
 lsedde. 
 
 gelaeded, 
 
 gelsedd. 
 
 laerde. 
 
 gelcEred. 
 
 gelifde. 
 
 gelifed. 
 
 nemnde, 
 
 nemde. 
 
 genemned 
 
 rsesde. 
 
 
 w§nde. 
 
 
 wende. 
 
 gewended, 
 gewend 
 
 lette. 
 
 gelett. 
 
 m€tte. 
 
 gemett. 
 
 sette. 
 
 gesett. 
 
 dypte. 
 
 
 rlpte. 
 
 
 lixte. 
 
 
 -lsecte, 
 -leehte. 
 
 -laeht. 
 
 Note. — smSagan (smgan), £r€agan (JarSan), twSon, £>6on, contract; 
 as he\ hi, smead, tw£od; preade, tweode, ge^read, &c. 
 
 %* The typographical execution of this Dictionary is from the very competent hands 
 of Mr. Thomas P. Peabody, 6 Reade Street, New York. Mr. P. has displayed taste and 
 skill in the typesetting and carefulness in the proofreading, and the editors are indebted 
 to him for many valuable suggestions.