2012 rt ie;72 :? m CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ENGLISH COLLECTION THE GIFT OF JAMES MORGAN HART PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH p^.^cfMLf*^ in Ite ®itM joff Sjm %feli COMPARAfjVElilTERATURE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF ANGLO^AXON UTERATURB ML. PRICE. 25 CENm^ a-BMc^Ekl^^MtiECHNgR. Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029563651 in tht CH^ittj of ^zxo '^oxk Department of English AND Comparative Literature BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF ANGLO-SAXON LITERATURE The following sketch was originally made in connection vith a course given in Columbia University during the spring of 1910. It is designed, first, to save labor in the ;lass-room and, second, to place before students who are ndependently in search of guidance amid the accumulated iterature the most convenient titles for beginning their studies. Obviously no attempt has been made to provide a ;omplete bibliography. Preference has been given where possible to works in the English language. It is hoped that n almost every case the works cited will provide the student vith all necessary references for further investigation ; under Zynewulf's "Elene," for example, no mention is made of Professor Holthausen's researches, since to the reader of Professor Brown's article their scope and importance are at jnce apparent. HARRY MORGAN AYRES. October, ipio. GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHICAL HELPS Richard Wiilker, Grundriss zur Geschichte der Angehdch- sischen Lttteratur, Leipzig, 1885. Indispensable and complete to 1885. Gustav Korting, Grundriss der Geschichte der Englischen Litteratur, Miinster i.W., 1905. Inexpensive and very useful, but not always complete. Marian Edwardes, A Summary of the Literatures of Modern Europe from the Origins to 1400, London, 1907. Slight for Anglo-Saxon period. Bibliography may be brought almost to date by referring to the following : Jahresbericht fiber die Erscheinungen auf dem Gebiete der Germanischen Philologie, Leipzig, 1879, ^- Annual. Contains titles and summaries of all publications relating to the subject. Liter atur Matt fur Germanische und Romanische Philologie, 1880, ff. Monthly. Beiblatt zur Anglia, Mitteilungen uber Englische Sprache und Literatur, 1890, ff. Monthly. A. Petri, Ubersicht, etc., published as a supplement to Anglia, 1894, ff. The following bibliographies of German dissertations may be found useful: H. Varnhagen-J. Martin, Systematisches Verzeichnis der Programmabhandlungen, Dissertationen und Habilitationsschriften aus dem Gebiete der rom. und eng. Philologie, Leipzig, 1893. G. Fock, Bibliographischer M onatsbericht uber neu erschienene Schul-und Universitdtsschriften, Leipzig, 1890, ff. Further bibliography will be found in many of the special editions of Anglo-Saxon texts mentioned below; also in the following: HISTORIES OF EARLY ENGLISH LITERATURE Alois Brandl, Geschichte der Altenglischen Literatur, i. Teil : Angelsachsische Periode, Strassburg, 1908; in Paul's Grundriss der Germanischen Philologie, 2d ed. This, the most recent scholarly treatment of the whole subject, may be bought separately for about $1.25. The Cambridge History of English Literature ; Vol. I : From the Beginnings to the Cycles of Romance^ Cambridge and New York, 1907. Contains chapters of varying value by different authors covering the field. Useful bibliographies. Constant reference to the foregoing works is implied in what follows. Some of the older histories may still be read with profit, if controlled by means of the results of more recent scholarship: Henry Morley, English Writers, Vols. I, II, London, 1891-7. Stopford A. Brooke, The History of Early English Litera- ture, 1892, and the shorter English Literature from the Beginning to the Norman Conquest, 1898. Bernhard ten Brink's History of English Literature, New York, 1889, and J. J. Jusserand's A Literary History of the English People, 1895, contain suggestive chapters. 4 Articles of importance appear in the following: PERIODICALS Archiv fiir das Studium der Neueren Sprachen und Litera- turen, 1846, ff. [Herrig's]. Abbreviated: Arch. Zeitschrift fur Deutsches Alterthum, 1841, ff. [Haupt's], ZFDA. Germania, 1856, ff. [Pfeiffer's]. Zeitschrift filr Deutsche Philologie, 1868, ff. [Zacher's]. ZFDP. Paul und Braune, Beitrdge zur Geschichte der Deutschen Sprache und Liter atur, 1874, ff. PBB. Englische Studien, 1877, ff. Eng. Stud. Anglia, 1878, ff. Angl. Quellen und Forschungen zur Sprach-und Culturgeschichte der Germanischen Volker, 1874, ff. QF. Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, 1884, ff. PMLA. Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 1897, ff. JEGPh. Modern Philology, 1903, ff. Mod. Phil. Modern Language Review, 1905, ff. Mod. Lang. Rev. Here may be mentioned the publications of the Early English Text Society, 1864, ff. (EETS.) ; of the Surtees Society, 1840, ff., and the .lElfric Society, 1843, ^- 5 Full bibliography for beginning the study of the history and institutions of THE ENGLISH PEOPLE may be found in Charles Gross, The Sources and Literature of English History from the Earliest Times to about 1483, New York, etc., 1900. New edition promised. F. B. Gummere, Germanic Origins, London, etc., 1892. Both scholarly and stimulating; unfortunately out of print. H. M. Chadwick, The Origin of the English Nation, Cambridge, 1907. Learned and ingenious; some novel theories. C. H. Haj'es, An Introduction to the Sources Relating to the Germanic Invasions, Columbia University diss., 1909. A rapid survey of the principal sources from Caesar to Paul the Deacon, with extracts translated into English. Isaac Taylor, The Origin of the Aryans, 3d ed., London, 1908. Popular treatment. Otto Schrader, Sprachvergleichung und Urgeschichte, 2d ed., 1890; tr. by F. B. Jevons, Prehistoric Antiquities of the Aryan Peoples, London, 1890. O. Bremer, Ethnographic der Germanischen Stdmme in Paul's Grundriss, 2d ed.. Ill, xv. W. Z. Ripley, The Races of Europe, London, 1900. Charles Elton, Origins of English History, London, 1882. John Rhys, Celtic Britain, London, 1882. W. F. Tamblyn, The Establishment of Roman Power in Britain, Columbia University diss., Hamilton, Ont. , 1899. F. J. Haverfield, Early British Christianity, English Historical Review, 1896, pp. 417 ff., and Romanization of Roman Britain, Proc. Brit. Acad., 1905-6, 185 ff. H. Zimmer, The Irish Element in Medieval Culture, tr. J. L. Edmands, New York, 1901. Among the histories, Sharon Turner's History of the Anglo- Saxons, 3 vols., London, 1 799-1805, still has a curious interest. E. A. Freeman, The Norvian Conquest, London, 1867-79; J. R. Green, The Making of England, 1882, and Sir J. H. Ramsay, The Foundations of England, 2 vols., London, 1898, are good. The most recent, C. Oman's England Before the Norman Conquest, New York and London, 1910, will perhaps be found the best. For the social background, J. M. Kemble, The Saxons in England, London, 1849, and H. D. Traill, Social England, Vol. I, New York, 1893, may be consulted. LINGUISTIC AIDS Grammars — J. Wright, Old English Grammar, Oxford, 1908. Clear explanations of the principles of Germanic phi- lology. E. Sievers, An Old English Grammar, tr. A. S. Cook, 3d ed., Boston, 1903. Assumes a knowledge of Ger- manic philology. Full record of dialectical forms. M. Kaluza, Historische Grammatik der Englischen Sprache, Erster Teil, 2d ed., Berlin, 1906. Valuable as a book of reference to those using Sievers-Cook. Elementary Primers — H. Sweet, Anglo-Saxon Primer, 8th ed., Oxford, 1900. C. A. Smith, Old English Grammar, Boston, 1898. A. S. Cook, First Book in Old English Grammar, Boston, 1894. Syntax — J. Wiilfing, Syntax in den Werken Alfred's, Bonn, 1894-1901, is the most extensive single study. Others may be found by consulting bibliographies already mentioned and editions of separate texts; also, F. H. Chase, Bibliographical Guide to Old English Syntax, Leipzig, 1896. Dictionaries — The standard is the Bosworth-Toller diction- ary, Oxford, 1882-98, with supplement by T. N. Toller, Part I, Oxford, 1908. Sweet's Student's Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon, Oxford, 1897, and J. R. Clark Hall's Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary are useful on a much smaller scale. C. W. M. Grein, Sprachschatz der angelsdchsischen Dichter, 1861-64, is a full glossary to the Bibliothek der angelsdchsichen Poesie. Metrics and Style — What may be called the orthodox view of Anglo-Saxon metrics is set forth by E. Sievers, PBB.X, 209; XII, 454; XIII, 121, and in Paul's Grund- riss, II, 2, I ff. (Cf. his Aligermanische Metrik, Halle, 1893). Summarized in the Appendix to Bright's Reader and J. Schipper, A History of English Versification, Oxford, 1910. For other views see M. Kaluza, Englische Metrik, Berlin, 1909. Of Anglo-Saxon poetic style a sound dis- cussion is R. Heinzel, tfber den Stil der altgermanischen Poesie, QF.X, 10; also R. M. Meyer, Die altgermanische Poesie nach ihren formelhaften Elementen, Berlin, 1889. Histories of the English Language — O. F. Emerson, The History of the English Language, New York, 1894. T. R. Lounsbury, History of the English Language, revised ed., New York, 1894. G. P. Krapp, Modern English, New York, 1909. O. Jespersen, Progress in Language, with Special Refer- ence to English, London, 1894, and Growth and Structure of the English Language, Leipzig, 1905. Readers — J. W. Bright, An Anglo-Saxon Reader, 3d ed.. New York, 1894. Contains useful outline of grammar based on Sievers. H. Sweet, An Anglo-Saxon Reader in Prose and Verse, Oxford, 1888. F. Kluge, Angelsdchsisches Lesebuch, 3d ed., Halle, 1903. J. Zupitza, Alt-und mittelenglisches Ubungsbuck, revised by J. Schipper, Vienna, 1897. THE CHIEF POETICAL MANUSCRIPTS Junius XI, in Bodleian Library, Oxford, ed. with tr. by B. Thorpe, 1832. A facsimile is promised by the Modern Language Association of America. Exeter Book, in Exeter Cathedral, ed. with tr. by B. Thorpe, 1842, and by I. Gollancz, EETS. CIV, of which Vol. I only has appeared. Vercelli Book, in the Cathedral at Vercelli, Northern Italy, ed. with tr. by J. Kemble, The Poetry of the Codex Vercellensis, 1843, 1856. Facsimile of the poetical portions by R. Wiilker, Leipzig, 1894. Beowulf Manuscript, Cotton Vitellius A XV, in British Museum. Facsimile ed. by J. Zupitza, EETS. LXXVII; edd. below. The entire corpus of Anglo-Saxon poetry is contained in Grein-Wiilker, Bibliothek der Angelsdchsischen Poesie, 3 vols., 1883, ff. Cook and Tinker, Select Translations from Old English Poetry, Boston, etc., 1902, contains representative specimens in translation. See also C. W. M. Grein's German trans- lation, Dichtungen der Angelsachsen, etc., 2 vols., Gottingen, 1857-59, and further below under separate titles. On the subject of Paleography see: Wolfgang Keller, Angelsdchsische Paleographie, Palmstra XLIII, Berlin, 1906. Franz Steffens, Lateinische Paleographie, Freiburg, 1903. E. Maunde Thompson, Handbook of Greek and Latin Paleography, London, 1893; History of English Handwriting, in Transactions of Bibliographical Society, Vol. V, 2d ed., 1894. 9 ^—EARLIER POETRY TO ALFRED I — Poetry of Heathen Origin (a) Charms — ed. with tr. and notes by F. Grendon, TAe Anglo-Saxon Charms, Journal of American Folk-Lore XXII (1909), pp. 195 ff., Columbia University diss. Full bibliography. {b) Gnomic Verses — Exeter Book and Cottonian MS. Now under investigation. {c) Rune Poem— Grein-Wiilker, I, after Hickes' transcript. G. Hempl, Mod. Phil. I, 135 ff. See under Cynewulf below. {d) Riddles — Exeter Book. Admirable ed. with full criti- cal apparatus by F. Tupper, The Riddles of the Exeter Book, Boston, 1910 (Albion Series). (e) Lyric Poetry of the Exeter Book— All in Grein-Wiil- ker and, except the Ruin, in Kluge's Lesebuch. Trans- lations in Cook-Tinker and of many in Gummere's Oldest English Epic. 1. The Song of Deor — W. W. Lawrence, announced for a forthcoming number of Mod. Phil. S. Stefanovic, Angl. XXXIII, 397 ff. 2. The so-called First Riddle — W. W. Lawrence, The First Riddle of Cynewulf , PMLA. XVII, 247!!. and W. H. Schofield, Signy's Lament, ibid. 262 ff ; reviewed by Bradley, Athenmum, 1902, 758. For further bibliogra- phy see K. Jansen, Die Cynewulf -Forschung , p. 97, and F. Tupper, Riddles, pp. liii ff. 3. The Banished Wife's Lament — W. W. Lawrence, Mod. Phil. V, 3, 387 ff. 4. The Husband's (or Lover's) Message — Cook-Tinker give F. A. Blackburn's tr., which connects it with Riddle 61 (cf. JEGPh. Ill, 1 ff). Tupper, Riddles, p. 199, dis- agrees. See H. Bradley, Mod. Lang. Rev. II, 365 ff. lO 5. The Ruin — Fragmentary. See Cook-Tinker. 6, 7. Wanderer, Seafarer — W. W. Lawrence, Wanderer and Seafarer, JEGPh. IV, 460 ff. (/) Narrative Poetry — F. B. Gummere's Oldest English Epic, Boston, 1909, contains in translation "the entire salvage from oldest narrative poetry of the West-Germanic peoples." On the Germanic Epic, see Otto Jiriczek, Northern Hero Legends (1902), tr. M. B. Smith, in Dent's Temple Primers; an excellent and inexpensive hand- book, of which the German ed. (Deutsche Heldensage) in the Sammlung Goschen is in some respects better. W. P. Ker, Epic and Romance, London, 1908. B. Symons, Heldensage, in Paul's Grundriss, III, xiv. R. Kogel, Geschichte der Deutschen Litteratur, Strass- burg, 1894-97, Vol. I. W. M. Hart, Ballad and Epic, in Harvard Studies and Notes, xi, Boston, 1907. An English translation of Axel Olrik's very important Danmarks Heltedigtning , I, Copenhagen, 1903, (Part II, 1910), is announced. For Germanic religions see P. D. Chantepie de la Saussaye, The Religion of the Teutons, Boston, 1902. II 1. Widsith — Exeter Book. W.W. Lawrence, Structure and Interpretation of Widsith^ Mod. Phil. IV, 2, 329 ff. 2. Waldere — Two short fragments found and published in Copenhagen by G. Stephens, i860. M. Learned, The Saga of Walter of Aquitaine, Vol. VII, i, of PMLA., 1892. 3. Beowulf and the Finnsburg Fragment Bibliography — Brandl, pp. 1015-1024, very full ; also F. Holthausen, Beowulf, Vol. II, ix-xx. Editions and Text Criticism — By far the best ed. is the Heyne text, revised by L. L. Schiicking, 8th ed., Paderborn, 1908, containing also the Finnsburg Frag- ment and full bibliographical and textual notes. F. Holthausen, Beowulf nebst dem Finnsburg-Bruchstuck, 2 vols., Heidelberg, 1905-6, is good in many respects, but suffers from condensation. Of edd. with English apparatus, that of A. J. Wyatt, 2d ed., Cambridge, 1898, is the best, but needs revision. An ed. is prom- ised by Klaeber, whose textual notes in Mod. Phil, and elsewhere have been of great value. Translations— F. B. Gummere, Oldest English Epic, in alliterative verse ; J. R. Clark Hall, Beowulf in Modern English Prose, Oxford, 1901 ; and H. Gering's German tr. , Heidelberg, 1906, may be chosen as representative, and are all to be recommended on account of their useful apparatus. That of C. G. Child, in prose, in the Riverside Literature Series is inexpensive and good. See further C. B. Tinker, The Translations of Beowulf, Yale Studies, xvi, N. Y., 1903. Subject Matter and Sources — ^Perhaps the readiest approach will be found in Brandl's article in the Grundriss and in the introduction and notes to Gum- mere's Oldest English Epic. Grundtvig (1861), first related the historical Chochilaicus (5x2-520), men- 12 tioned by Gregory of Tours, to the Hygelac of the poem. Since then the weight of the best scholarly opinion (e.g., S. Bugge, PBB. XIII, 210 ff. ; E. Sievers, Beowulf und Saxo, Berichte d. Sachs. Ges. d. Wis- sensch. zu Leipzig, 1895, 175 ff.) has been thrown on the side of a Scandinavian origin for the material of the poem. This view has been brilliantly advocated by Sarrazin, e.g., in his Beowulf- Studten, Berlin, 1888 ; he goes too far, however, in urging that the poem itself was actually composed in Scandinavian territory. Some aspects of the Scandinavian relationships of Beowulf SlX^ discussed by W. W. Lawrence PMLA. XXIV, 2, 220 ff. The mythological interpretation of the poem, devel- oped with great fullness and learning by Miillenhoff, Beowulf; Untersuckungen, etc. ,'Q&T\in, 1889, and modified, among others, by Boer {arkiv f. nor disk filologi, xix, 19 ff.) and Brandl (Grundriss) is at best an hypothesis presenting many difficulties. See W. W. Lawrence, op. cit., pp. 258 ff. Structure and Composition The " lieder-theorie " which regards the poem as the result of a series of editings of independent or parallel lays, most elaborately developed by Miillenhoff, and by ten Brink in his Beowulf ; Untersuchungen, etc., Strassburg, 1888, is nowadays on the defensive. See Heinzel, Anzeiger fur deutsches Alterfum, xv, 153 ; xvi, 264 ; and Brandl and Gummere, above. F. Panzer, Studien zur germanischen sagengeschichte, I, Beowulf, Munich, 1910, is the most recent restatement of the entire Beowulf problem on a large scale. 13 n — Poetry of Christian Origin («) Caedmon 1. Caedmon's Hymn— In Bede's Ecclesiastical History. Bright's Reader, Kluge's Lesebuch, and elsewhere. R. Wiilker, PBB. Ill, 348, ff., and J. Zupitza, ZFDA. XXII, 210, ff. 2. The So-called Caedmonian Poems of MS. Junius XI. (,ai) Exodus— ed. F. A. Blackburn, Exodus and Daniel, ^os- ton, 1907 (Belles-Lettres Series), tr. W. S. Johnson, JEGPh. V, 44 ff. (bi) Daniel — See Exodus, above. {ci^ Genesis — E. Sievers, Der Heliand und die angelsdchsische Genesis, Halle, 1875, showed that 11. 235-851 were an interpolation, generally known as Genesis B, the frag- mentary Old Saxon original of which may conveniently be consulted in Cook-Tinker, p. 184. (di) Christ and Satan— F. Groschopp, Ang. VI, 248 ff. F. Junius (1655) first ascribed the entire contents of this MS., printed as prose, to Caedmon. Thorpe (1832) detached the latter part (Christ and Satan). E. Gotzin- ger, tJber die Dichtungen des ags. Cadmon, etc.,Gottingen, i860, established the existence of three separate poems in the first part of the MS. ; and on stylistic grounds denied them all to Caedmon. Scholars are now inclined to be unwilling to ascribe anything but the Hymn to Caedmon, believing the Junius poems to be by various authors and probably of various dates. The pictures of the Junius MS. are reproduced in Archceologia XXIV; also independently with accom- panying matter by Ellis and Palgrave, 1833. H {6) Lyric and Gnomic Verse 1. Bede's Death Song— See Zupitza-Schipper, Alt-und- mittelenglisches Lesebuch, 1904. 2. Gifts of Men and Fates of Men— Exeter Book. 3. Azarias — Exeter Book. See Blackburn's Exodus and Daniel, above. 4. Verse of these types of presumably later date, such as the Wonders of Creation (Exeter Book), the Kentish Hymn, etc., may be found in Grein-Wiilker. {c) Cynewulf and Cynewulfian Poetry Carl Jansen, Die Cynewulf - Forschung von ihren Anfdngen bis zur Gegenwart, Bonner Beitrdge zur Anglistik, XXIV, Bonn, 1908. Part I : Titles of all articles on Cynewulf, arranged chronologically; Part II: Summary of the history of opinion on Cynewulfian questions. I. The Signed Poems • (ai) Juliana — Exeter Book, ed. W. Strunk, Boston, 1904, (Belles-Lettres Series), tr. H. S. Murch, JEGPh. V, 3, 303 ff- {bi) Christ — Exeter Book, ed. A. S. Cook, Boston, 1900 (Albion Series), tr. C. H. Whitman, Boston, 1900 ; I. GoUancz, ed. with tr., 1892. Cook argues that the three parts form one poem by Cynewulf. The view that only the middle poem (signed) is by Cynewulf has been most ardently upheld by Trautmann, e.g. in Angl. Beiblati, XI, 322 ff. See Jansen, 70 ff. and Brandl in Paul's Grundriss. 15 (ci) Fates of the Apostles— Vercelli Book. G. P. Krapp, Andreas and the Fates of the Apostles^ Boston, 1906, (Albion Series). {di) Elene— Vercelli Book. ed. C. W. Kent, Boston, 1889; F. Holthausen, Heidelberg, 1905. tr. J. M. Garnett, Boston, 1896; L. H. Holt, New York, 1904. C. F. Brown, Irish-Latin Influence in Cynewulfian Texts, Eng. Stud. XL, I, I ff. The investigation of the rune-passages and of the identity of Cynewulf may begin with the apparatus in A. S. Cook's Christ, Boston, 1900, and with C. F. Brown's Cynewulf and Alcuin, PMLA. XII, 2, 308 ff, and Autobiographical Elements in the Cynewulfian Rune Passages, Eng. Stud. XXXVIII, 2, 196 ff. The latter articles, partly based on the work of M. Traut- mann, e.g., his Kynewulf der Bischof und Dichier, Bonn, 1897, are to be accepted as embodying the most plausible theory of Cynewulf's identity and the most sensible interpretation of the rune-passages. On Runes see: L. F. A.Wimmer, Die Runenschrift,tr. F. Holthausen, Berlin, 1887, the standard work. A Greek, not Latin origin, however, for the runic alphabet is now generally accepted (G. Hempl, JEGPh. II, 370 ff.). E. Sievers' excellent article in Paul's Grundriss, I, 248 ff., is, some- what imperfectly, adapted in the Cambridge History of English Literature, I, 7 ff. George Stephen's Handbook of the Old- Northern Runic Monuments, London and Copenhagen, 1884, is now cheap, and has interesting i6 reproductions, but its scholarship is out of date. W. Victor's Die Northumbrischen Runensteine, Marburg, 1895, is a thorough treatment of its subject. 2. Poems Ascribed to Cynewulf on Doubtful Grounds {ai) Andreas — VercelH Book. G. P. Krapp's edition (Albion Series), Boston, 1906, contains complete critical appa- ratus. Verse tr. by R. K. Root, Yale Studies in English, VII, New York, 1899. (bi) Guthlac — Exeter Book. ed. with tr. by I. Gollancz, EETS. CIV, 104 ff. H. Forstmann, Das altenglische Gedicht Guthlac and Untersuchungen zu Guthlaclegende, Bonn, 1902. (ci) Phoenix — Exeter Book. ed. Gollancz. Also tr. by J. L. Hall, Judith, Phoenix, etc., New York, 1902. {di) Physiologus — Exeter Book. See A. Ebert, Angl. VI, 241. (ei) Dream of the Rood — VercelH Book. ed. A. S. Cook, Oxford, 1905 ; full discussion of authorship and relations with Ruthwell Cross inscription, tr. in Cook- Tinker. Jansen's Die Cynewulf- For schungen gives succinctly the history of opinion concerning the Cynewulfian authorship of these poems. The student can perhaps get at the method most readily through the introduc- tions to Cook's Dream of the Rood and Krapp's Andreas. There is, on the whole, a tendency nowadays to limit Cynewulf's work to the signed poems. 17 ^— PROSE BEFORE ALFRED The Grein-Wiilker Bibliothek der Angelsdchsischen Prosa contains many texts, but is not a complete corpus like the Poesie. Cook and Tinker, Select Translations from Old English Prose, Boston, 1908, will be found useful. Most of the early Psalters and Glosses maybe found in H. Sweet, Oldest English Texts, EETS. 83, London, 1885. For the Laws see F. Liebermann, Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen, Halle, 1898, ff. C— ALFRED (849-900) The best short account of Alfred is by Charles Plummer, The Life and Times of Alfred the Great, Oxford, 1902. Asser's Life of King Alfred, ed. W. H. Stevenson, Oxford, 1904; tr. A. S. Cook, 1906, is of the highest interest. The Whole Works of King Alfred, Jubilee Edition, Oxford, 1851-58 ; essays and translations by various scholars, not always accurate; see individual translations below. 1. Gregory's Dialogues — Translated by Bishop Werferth, with a preface by Alfred; in Grein-Wiilker, Prosa, V. 2. Enchiridion or Handboc — Not extant. 3. Boethius — ed. W. Sedgefield, Oxford, 1899, tr. 1900. Also by S. Fox in Bohn Library, 1864. See Schepss, Arch. XCIV, 149 ff. for Alfred's use of Boethius com- mentaries. 4. Soliloquies of Augustine (Blostman)— ed. and tr. H. Hargrove, Yale Studies, XIII (New York, 1902), and XXII. 5. Gregory's Pastoral Care (Hierdeboc)— ed. Sweet, with Latin text and tr. EETS. 45, 5°. 1871. i8 6. Orosius — ed. Sweet, EETS. 79, 1883. tr. with an inter- esting commentary by J. Bosworth, London, 1855. 7. Bede's Ecclesiastical History — ed. with tr. by T. Miller, EETS. 1890-98, and by F. Schipper, in Grein- Wiilker, Prosa, IV. For the discussion of the Mercian origin of the translation, see Miller's introduction, Plummer, and J. Schipper, Gegenwdrtiger Stand der Forschung titer Alfred's Beda-ubersetzung, Proceedings of the Vienna Academy, 1898. 8. Paris Psalter — ed. Bright and Ramsay, Boston, 1907, (Belles-Lettres Series). See J. D. Bruce, Anglo-Saxon Version of the Book of Psalms, PMLA. IX, 43 ff. J. Wichman, Angl. XI, 39 ff. 9. Chronicle — J. Earle, Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel, Oxford, 1865; revised by C. Plummer, 2 vols., 1892-9, with valuable introduction. Z»— LATER PROSE I — .^LFRic {c. 955 — 1020-5). Caroline L. White, ^Ifric : A New Study of His Life and Writings, Yale Studies in English, II, Boston, 1898. (A careful revision of Dietrich's papers in Niedner's Zeitschrift ftir Historische Theologie, 1855-6, with useful bibliography.) 1. Catholic Homilies— ed. with tr. by B. Thorpe, .^Elfric Society, 1844; Sweet, Oxford, 1885 (Selections). On sources, see M. Forster, Anglia, XVI, i ff. 2. Latin Grammar — ed. J. Zupitza, Berlin, 1880. 3. Colloquium— ed. Wright and Wiilker, Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies, London, 1884. 4. Bede's De Temporibus— ed. O. Cockayne, Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England, Vol. Ill, London, 1864-66. 19 5. Lives of the Saints— ed. with tr. W. W. Skeat, EETS. 76, 82, 94, 114. Separate lives in most readers. 6. Heptateuch — Wiilker-Grein, Prosa, I. 7. Preface to Genesis — Ibid ; Bright. 8. On the Old and New Testaments— Wiilker-Grein, Prosa, I. 9. Pastoral Letters — In B. Thorpe, Ancient Laws and Insti- tutes of England, London, 1840. II WULFSTAN Homilies — ed. A. Napier, Berlin, 1883. J. P. Kinard, A Study of Wulfstan's Homilies, Baltimore, 1897. The Sermo Lupi ad Anglos is translated in Cook-Tinker. Ill — Other Religious Prose See in general Grein-Wiilker, Prosa. 1. Blickling Homilies— ed. with tr. by R. Morris, EETS. 1874-1880. 2. West-Saxon Gospels— ed. separately by J. W. Bright, Boston, 1904 (Belles-Lettres Series). 20 IV — Secular Prose r. Chronicle — See Alfred. 2. Solomon and Saturn— ed. with tr. J. Kemble, London, 1848. 3. Distichs of Csito— Ibid. Also J. Nehab, Der altenglische Cato, Berlin, 1879. 4. Apollonius of Tyre — ed. with tr. B. Thorpe, London, 1834; Zupitza and Napier, Arch. LXXXXVII, 17 ff. 5. Epistle of Alexander to Aristotle— ed. O. Cockayne, Narratiunculae Anglice Conscriptae, London, 1861. 6. Marvels of the East— /^/^. Also F. Knappe, Berlin, 1906. ^— LATER POETRY I. National Verse : Brunanburh, and Other Poems in the Chronicle ; Maldon (in Hearne's transcript of the burned Cottonian MS.) ed. W. J. Sedgefield, The Battle of Maldon and the Short Poems from the Saxon Chronicle, Boston, 1904 (Belles-Lettres Series). Maldon and Brunanburh are printed in most readers ; tr. in Cook-Tinker and elsewhere. II. Rhyming Poem — Exeter Book. Grein-Wiilker, Poesie. III. Religious Poetry : 1. Judith— ed. with tr. A. S. Cook, Boston, 1888; text and apparatus, Boston, 1 904 (Belles-Lettres Series) . 2. Solomon and Saturn — ed. with tr. J. Kemble, London, 1848. 3. Menologium — R. Imelmann, Das altenglische Menologium, Berlin, 1902. 4- Body and Soul, Doomsday and Prayers in Grein-Wiilker, II. Z2012.Al'^C72 ^"'"^'^^'^ "-'""^ ^'^ IHlSllirRii'SiiftelS!?, °* Anglo-Saxon li olin 3 1924 029 563 651