Cornell University Library HD7413.G6A5 1920 The work of the Labor division. 3 1924 002 407 850 THE MARTIN P. CATHERWOOD LIBRARY OF THE NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924002407850 The Work of the Labor Division The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. AKRON, OHIO Copyright. 1920, by The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Akron, Ohio lct-% P. W. Litchfield Vice-President and Factory Manager, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Relations of Labor and Capital By P. W. LITCHFIELD WE must recognize that there will never be a common interest between the capitalist who does not work and the working man who has no capital. When these two types are linked together it is always class against class. Everyone must appreciate the justice of and necessity for the labor union and employers' association to meet such a condition. It is like a house divided against itself, and is far from the spirit, of true democracy. It breeds selfish- ness, lack of true cooperation, loss of effective production, lack of incentive to do one's best, delays, and minimizes the rewards of combined effort. Differences of opinion are constantly arising, first one side and then the other win- ning, as must always be the case where the interests of the two classes mentioned are regarded as exclusive. A corporation, in short, organized on the principle that capital takes all the risk, and that labor should be purchased as a commodity at the lowest rate possible, fixing that as labor's fair reward, must expect from its labor only a con- stant warfare to make labor's wage as high as possible regardless of any other interests. The capitalist must be made to work and the workman must be made a capitalist. Every effort must be made therefore to eliminate from industrial organization, 1st, the specu- lative interest of the capitalist who does not labor, and, 2nd, the type of labor which does not save a part of its earnings and turn this into capital. We must encourage, by incentive and reward, the desire to produce rather than to put in time. A man's time is only valuable, in any event, as he uses it to produce something, and its value is measured by that production. Time is for use; it is not for sale. £!&*?«"«* 19529 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Original Goodyear Plant, 1898 Result of Right Labor Policies THE original Goodyear factory was a defunct strawboard plant bought, at a period of great depression, on sheer "nerve" with thirteen thousand dollars of borrowed money. Working capital was well-nigh impossible to secure. Competitors were full-fledged and powerful. All of which only hints at the serious gauntlet of commercial difficulties through which, thanks to a loyal organiza- tion, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company has run unscathed. Twenty-one years ago, there was no Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. Now one contemplates an industrial army of forty-eight thousand persons whose activities are felt in every continent around the globe and in many islands of the distant seas. From a little plant having a floor space of less than 60,000 square feet and employing less than 100 men, Goodyear has grown, by leaps and bounds, to a great aggregation of factories with a floor space of 4,500,000 square feet, and doing a gross annual business of $169,000,000. The "human" policies which wrought this record remain un- changed. To create a good product, deal squarely with the trade, AND WITH THE GREAT BODY OF GOODYEARITES AT HOME AND ABROAD— this is, today, as ever, the undivided purpose of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. Akron Goodyear Plant, 1907 4 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Factories of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Plant -at Bowmanville, Ont., Canada Goodyear Cotton Mills, Goodyear, Conn. 5 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION At a Goodyear Game "The massing together of a large percentage of the workers on a clear sunshiny day, all rooting together for their shop baseball team in a tight contest with a rival organization, brings men, foremen and managers together in a way that can hardly be improved upon." THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Business Building Is Man Building TOO often there has been a wide chasm sepa- rating industrial management and workers and an atmosphere of autocratic discipline has come between executives and the men of their shops and factories. In this atmosphere the will and ideal of the management, no matter how just or equitable, is always marred in transmis- sion. The iron rule of the distant and "military" management is all that is felt by the worker. Dread broods over all, and employees fear to exer- cise their own initiative, since they lack incentive, kindly encouragement and the sense of common interests which puts men "on their toes." The happy industrial institution that reaps the reward of steady, fearless service is the one where a very different "spirit of the organization" is found — anxious to adopt policies consonant in the industrial field with American political liberties, and open- minded to suggestions for the good of the institu- tion, let them come from what source they may. Perceiving that many possibilities for building a permanent organization lay in the field of "human engineering," The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Com- pany early emphasized conceptions of justice and fraternity as the first step toward a solution of the so-called Labor-Capital problem. Conscious that people do not give their best to a collective enter- prise until they believe — head and heart and hand — in its Tightness, Goodyear aimed to choose correct ideals of labor administration at the outset, reap- ing her reward in the firm allegiance and loyalty which have carried her safely through every crisis of her history. That her experiences in this field may be of bene- fit to others, the story HOW is told herein. THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Classification of Goodyear Labor Division Activities Supervision of The Goodyear Labor Division exercises general Working supervision of working conditions as to hours of Conditions work, rates of pay, overtime and additions to wages. Attention is also paid to, and recom- mendations made touching the construction, heating, lighting, ventilation and sanitation of buildings. The Labor Division has the following special duties: (a) Approval of piecework prices from a labor standpoint, involving consultation with the Industrial Assembly hereinafter mentioned, and the (b) Antici- pation, prevention and adjustment of labor troubles. industrial An Industrial Assembly designed to give Good- Assembiy yearites ample representation in the manage- ment of the Company meets regularly and disposes of important questions of labor administration. Respon- sibility for co-operation with the Industrial Representation Plan is vested in the Labor Division. Employment, All hiring, discharges and transfers of the Akron Discharge and Factory of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Com- Transfer pany are handled by the Labor Division. The keeping of employment records and the investi- gation of grievances also belong within its sphere, as well as a research department for developing better conditions and reducing labor turnover. Service Under the head of Service comes a factory library, newspaper, lunch rooms, mail service and free legal advice for all Goodyearites. A bureau for taking care of housing requirements in general is also maintained. Recrea- tional activities of all kinds, physical education, along with many social, theatrical and other entertainment projects, are likewise fostered. Safety and Through Its Safely and Health Organization the Health Goodyear Labor Division provides for the physical examination of workmen, renders hospital service in case of accident or sickness, and makes regular plant inspections in the interest of Safety First. This division also controls police and fire protection and the locker system. Educational Last but not least comes the Educational Work, Work providing a great variety of courses under capable instructors, opening the way to advance- ment to all within the Goodyear organization, and educating men and management in industrial and labor policies and problems. THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. The Work of the Labor Division The Goodyear Tire ^ Rubber Company iHE Labor Division of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company might be called "the tie that binds." It was founded early in 1912 — over seven years ago — and ever since has devoted its entire time to pro- moting in a very large organization the same under- standing, goodwill and justice, as between men and management, which exist in small factories. It aims to see that everyone associated with the Company gets "the square deal." All its many activities briefly described in this booklet are but the embodiment of a single Good- year policy, viz.: That the success of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company has been, and in the future will be, due to the ability, loyalty and aggressiveness of Goodyear men and women, and that to make conditions as nearly right as possible for its great community of workers is a natural obligation which is owed to men and management alike. The Labor Division of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company is governed by no paternalistic "welfare" motive. All its activities are devised on business- like, self-supporting bases, the idea being to help those who help themselves, make industrial life interesting to capable and thought- ful people, and to attract only, persons of character and judgment to become associated with Goodyear. On a Business Basis Good Labor Administration Means Constant Progress Breaking Ground for New Goodyear Factory at Los Angeles THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Akron, the City of Opportunity a Town of Akron, Ohio, the home of Goodyear, is a fertile steady Growth field for the development of progressive labor policies. Here is heard the steady hum of industry. The "City of Opportunity" has 208,435 population, according to the figures of the U. S. Census Bureau for 1920. This makes a growth of 139,368 people over the population of 1910, or an increase of 201.8 per cent. There were only 69,067 people living in the city at this last-mentioned date. Akron has 140 important factories with an aggregate number of 85,000 workers and the combined monthly pay-roll is $9,000,000. The product of Akron's factories is worth $513,000,000 yearly. Bank clearings: 1918— $285,537,000.00. 1919— $421,977,000.00. Such is Akron, fit environment under which to produce better and still better things along the line of Labor administration. These are a few of the facts and figures about Akron, one of the cities of the United States that is attracting national and world-wide attention. The products of the city, its tires, boots and shoes, Summit County Court House, Akron, O. Summit County Bids Goodbye to Her Boys 10 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO The Goodyear Factories balloons, aeroplane accessories, machines, automobiles and electrical . appliances of all kinds, are its own testimonials and actual working advertisements all over the world. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company is the world's largest manufacturer of rubber tires for motor vehi- cles — trucks and automobiles. Goodyear also manu- factures mechanical goods, belting, hose, and shoe soles and heels. Goodyear has its two main factories at Akron, comprising 80 build- ings, most of them five to eight stories high, with a total floor space for manufacturing purposes of nearly 4,500,000 square feet — the equiva- lent of over 100 acres. About 25,000 men and women are employed. Goodyear in Canada 1 — War Work Girls, Toronto Plant. 2 — Group of Executives, New Toronto Plant. 3 — Group of Goodyearites, Bowmanville Plant. 4 — Ball Team at Goodyear's Toronto Plant. 5 — Time Keepers at Toronto Plant. 6 — Girls of Stenographic Department, Toronto Plant. 11 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Views of the Goodyear Cotton Plantation near Phoenix, Arizona 1 — Pima Cotton at Five Weeks. 2 — Cultivating Cotton. -Irrigation Ditches. 4 — Litchfield, June, 1918. -A Good Yield. -Cotton Ten Days Old. 6 — Spillway in Irrigation Ditch. 8 — Caterpillar Tractor Breaking Up Soil With Disc Plow. 12 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. ^%gM ,- m -. ^ t iS "Uftlt 1 A Field Day Group at Goodyear Cotton Mills, Goodyear, Conn. A subsidiary Goodyear rubber factory employing about 400 people is located at Bowmanville, Ontario, Canada; another, em- ploying nearly 800, is located at Toronto. A cotton plantation near Phoenix, Arizona, supplies an exceptionally fine long-staple cotton exclusively for Goodyear, while a Goodyear weaving factory in Connecticut employing approximately 800 persons provides the excellent fabric which enters into Goodyear products. In addition to these a 20,000-acre rubber plantation in Sumatra brings nearly 8,000 more people into the "Goodyear Family" and makes the sphere of Goodyear influence well-nigh world-wide. At all of these subsidiaries various features of labor adminis- tration are maintained, and the Akron Labor Division aims to keep in touch with these developments, suggesting or promoting as conditions may require. Cloth Room at Goodyear Cotton Mills, Goodyear, Conn. 13 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION At Goodyear's Sumatran Rubber Plantation Goodyear has 20,000 acres of the most suitable land for rubber cultivation that can be found in the Far East. The estate is about a half hour's motor ride from Siantar, the tea district of Sumatra 1— Young Rubber Trees 4— Native Tapper 7— Gathering the Latex 2— Packing Rubber 5— Rubber Tree, Tapped 8-Inspecting Crepe Rubber 3 — Tamil Woman Worker 6 — Huts in a Native Malagan 9 — Bringing in the Latex Village 14 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Ample Toilet Facilities are Appreciated Labor Administration at the Akron Plant Construction All buildings are well lighted and ventilated, and and Sanitation comfortably heated in winter time. Where dust or dirt are involved in the manufacturing processes, vacuum systems for removing the fine particles before they get into the air have been installed. A plentiful supply of the most modern and sanitary toilets have been installed in all parts of the factory, together with wash basins, and certain departments have been supplied with shower baths. All are kept scrupulously clean at all times by special janitor service. Steel lockers for clothing are supplied to every worker, while cooled and sterilized drinking water is supplied to the entire plant through sanitary bubbler fountains. a Growing At the present time, January, 1920, nearly 25,000 Concern workers are employed at Goodyear. The factory works in three eight-hour shifts, six days a week. No Sunday work, except such as is absolutely necessary, is the policy of Goodyear. Holidays Holidays recognized by the Goodyear are: New Year's Day, Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas. stock The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company has a plan Distribution whereby its common stock is sold to department managers, general foremen and foremen on favorable terms. The amount of stock which is distributed this way is deter- mined by the officers of the Company and the amount given each man is dependent largely on his value to the Company and the length of time employed. In regard to the success of the plan, it may be said that all benefited appreciate it, and the service ren- dered by them is undoubtedly on a higher plane than it would 15 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION THE SENATE THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Goodyear Industrial Assembly 16 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. otherwise be. It is the policy of the company to offer preferred shares to employees, and such issues have been quite largely sub- scribed by the employees. During the war (March, 1918) $1,009,000 in preferred stock was taken by 4,760 factory employees out of a total force of 15,126, or an average of about 2 shares to each pur- chaser, this sale enabling Goodyear, in a period of stringency, to equip and reorganize for the intense production necessary. A second offer of preferred stock in Oct., 1919, was taken up by 14,052 factory employees in the amount of $5,537,500 or an average of nearly 4 shares to each subscriber. Including sales force and branch factories, about $8,000,000 in Goodyear stock has been subscribed by em- ployees. The factory pays a 3% bonus annually to those employees who still hold their stock, thus providing a 10% investment. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company has sold more stock to employees than any other corporation in the United States, with the exception of the United States Steel Corporation. The Goodyear Council of Industrial Relations From left to right: D. R. Stevens, Wm. Stephens, H. D. Hoskin, R. Campbell, E. Hartman, E. Rose, B. Waugh, C. McClister, H. Allman, W. C. State, H. Grow, P. W. Litchfield, C. Slusser, C. R. Johnson, O. P. Kidder, E. J. Thomas, Sec., F. H. Fuller, absent. Mana$emen t of Plant The changes of the last hundred years in American political or religious life, great though they have been, sink into insignificance beside the tremendous evolution which has taken place in the realm of industry. In abolishing autocracy Big Business has itself come to recognize, as never before, the benefits of contact with its people. Desiring to formulate a more representative form of Factory government than existed heretofore, the Factory Manager of the 17 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Goodyear Company created an Industrial Relations Council for the purpose of drawing up an Industrial Representation Plan. This council was composed of executives, foremen and wage earners. The executives were appointed, the foremen were elected by the foremen and the wage earners' representatives were elected by the workers of the Factory. This council sat together and discussed other existing forms of Industrial Representation and finally drew up a plan for the Goodyear Factory, which plan was presented to the workers of the Factory and to the management of the Factory for ratification. The Industrial Representation plan as finally worked out and ratified by all includes a House of Representatives and a Senate, quite similar to our national government and, although all executive power is in the hands of the management, legislative power to curb or check improper action or to suggest improved conditions rests with the Industrial Assembly. Joint conferences are frequently held and a spirit of fairness and mutual cooperation exists which bids fair to establish all the people of Goodyear on a firm and suc- cessful working basis for a long period to come. (See Appendix A for complete plan.) In order to protect the Goodyear organization and the Goodyear industry, it is necessary before a person may participate in the plan of representation, that he must meet certain qualifications and when he has met these qualifications, he is called a Goodyear INDUSTRIAN and is entitled to vote. To become a citizen of the United States, it is necessary that a man be twenty-one years of age, that he have citizenship papers, that he shall have resided in the United States five years, and that he understands the English language. To become a Goodyear INDUSTRIAN, it is necessary that he (or she) be eighteen years of age, that they be American citizens, that they understand the English language, and that they have six months' continuous service record with the Goodyear Factory. The qualifications for a Representative are: Age, 21 years or over, and must be an Industrian, and must have one year's continu- ous service record immediately prior to date of election. The qualifications for a Senator are: Age, 25 years or over, must be an Industrian, and must have had five year's service on the payroll of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, the last two of which shall have been a continuous service record immediately prior to election. The management consults the Assembly and the Assembly con- sults the management, on matters pertaining to adjustment of wages, working conditions, and adjustment of grievances. 18 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Reception Room in Goodyear Employment Office Men who have stood in a hiring line for hours begin their period of service with a bad impression. Seats for waiting applicants are here provided. Employment The Goodyear Employment Office is managed by the Labor Division and aims to provide the factory with competent labor properly placed. The hiring men are thor- oughly familiar with the needs of the factory, through cards sent to the employment office by departments requiring men. They are also familiar with the type of men needed in the various depart- ments, by reason of practical experience which they, themselves, have had in the factory. The men applying for work are properly informed as to the nature of the position which is open, and the amount of money which can be made. Oversight of men who are placed at work is maintained in order to make sure that the right type of men have been found and that they are on the right kind of work. When labor supply is not plentiful, employment men are sent to surrounding territory to bring in additional men. All applicants are put through certain tests indicating their ability to read, write, and speak English and are given a physical examination to see that they are fitted for the job assigned them. 19 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION VAULT LABOR BUREAU yc ^ \EL£VATOR^'-' I " si MANAGER labgh Bureau all exits ALL BRIE^NCE^ ^ development. . V &£ I . WORK I NOTICES I«TERFREIEr| °£ INFDRHATIDN AND SERVCE PIN5 RECDRn BUREAU EMPLDYMENT RECLRD5 , « AND CL_EHK5 Layout Showing Employment Subdivision Note early classification of applicants in the interest of speedy hiring. All Labor Division functions involving Employee's Record are brought into close relation upon a single floor. 20 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO 2 — First Impressions Are Lasting. This is the smile which greets the applicant for work at Goodyear. Only men of character and helpful- ness should greet the new employee. 1 — Main Entrance Goodyear Employ- ment Office. 3 — A Hiring Window. ?1 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Salient Operations in Tire Building 1— Washing Rubber. 4A— Calendering Rubber. 8— Treading Tires l~ S? n, ?£ u , n 5 lnB - 5— Building Tires. 9— Lining Tires 3— The Mill Room. 6— Finishing Tires. 10— Final InVnStinn 4-Cutting Fabric. 7-First Cure. il-^ockRoSm 22 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO 'Don't Go Away Sore — Let's Talk It Over." Adjusting A prime function of the Goodyear Labor Division is Grievances to assume jurisdiction over disputes touching the just treatment of Goodyearites by the Company, and the Division is expected to take the part of the employee as long as the cause is just. A woman adjuster to take care of complaints by women is in attendance. The policy is to hear both sides of a case — the foreman's and the workman's — to get the absolute facts of the case, to insist upon absolute honesty in both parties to the difficulty, and to see that both sides get the "square deal." Any person who feels that he has suffered unjust treatment of any nature is expected in all cases to go to the manager of the Labor Bureau, thence he may carry his complaint to the manager of the Labor Division, then (if he con- siders he has not received justice) to the Factory Manager or to the President of the Company, or he may bring his case to the attention of one of the representatives elected to the Industrial Assembly. The intelligent administration of Labor activities in a modern factory necessitates the filing of data of all kinds; so that in a Record Bureau are centralized most of the important records of the Labor Division. The principal functions of this Bureau are, (1) Enrollment of new employees, (2) Labor statistics and labor study records, (3) Service 23 Record Bureau THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Employment Record Bureau Correct up-to-date employment records obviate a multitude of troubles. records, (4) Employment records, (5) Group insurance plan. Prob- ably the most important work of the department is the keeping of employment records. The card system is used and each clerk has files in alphabetical sequence, all clerks operating from a central distributing point. Detailed statistics on labor turnover are kept for each department, including, (1) Reason for exits, (2) Reasons for transfers, (3) Length of service, (4) Length of service following transfer, (5) Reasons for discharges. Opening the The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company is the home Doors of of the largest industrial deaf-mute colony in the Opportunity country and the oversight of these is an especial concern of the Goodyear Labor Division. Several years previous to the war, Goodyear had tried Mutes on certain factory operations and had been agreeably surprised to find that their quickness of eye had more than made up for their lack of speech or hearing. Accidents proved as infrequent to these afflicted, yet cheerful and ambitious folk, as to people blessed with both speech and hearing. The result was that Goodyear had built up a small group of these men, expert at building and finishing rubber tires, and they soon took rank among the most efficient and swift workers in the plant. Great care was exercised in assigning these persons to tasks from which the accident hazard had 'been practically eliminated, and 24 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO The Peacemaker — This girl, expert in sign language, is here seen adjusting a difficulty between two Goodyear mutes. their faculty of caution demonstrated itself in the fact that not one of them experienced an accident over a period of two years. There were soon 150 of these deaf mutes in the tire finishing room and as the wartime labor stringency developed it was not long till mutes were being given preference for certain other classes of work. Their abilities turned out to be really phenomenal in any line requiring keen sight and observation, and the employ- ment office was soon striving to get as many of these desirable workmen into the organization as possible. Five hundred or more deaf mutes, men and girls, were working at Goodyear before the signing of the armistice, and it is hoped that their number can be increased to a thousand or more. The demonstration of their abilities at rubber operations, with the consequent removal of the prejudice against their employ- ment in industry, was largely due to the social, educational and recreational facili- ties provided for the Mutes by Goodyear, and to help in the removal of the handi- caps attaching to these people has been, and still is, a cherished activity of the Labor Division. 25 "The Little Mother of the Mutes" This girl is known all over as the ' 'Little Mother of the Goodyear Silent Family." And well is she named this, since along with the duties that she has as interpreter for the Mutes she attends to a thousand and one other things for them. THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Goodyear Largest Industrial Deaf Mute Colony 1— Deaf Mute Class, Factory School. 3— Goodyear Mute Athletic Club. 2— Girls' Silent Basket Ball Team. 4— The Mute "Flying Squadron." 5 — Goodyear Girls of the Mute Colony. 26 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Most Work People Wish to Read and Develop Themselves The modern factory library can serve both management and men Factory A Factory Library for the securing and keeping on Library file of literary material continually required in the transaction of business is maintained by the Labor Division. Its collections cover the fields of Aeronautics, Labor, Mechanics, Chemistry, and Rubber, so far as these relate to the Company's products, and all information is filed so that it is readily accessible. The current technical periodicals are routed to lists of employees who need them, and extensive files of catalogues and directories are on hand. Useful clippings are taken care of, and the Library is expected to supply information on any subject that may come up in the carrying on of the rubber business. At present the Factory Library contains about 1,600 books, 8,000 industrial catalogues, receives regularly about 80 periodicals and provides a service much appreciated by an ambitious force, anxious to read and study and to get ahead. 27 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Twenty Thousand Workers Create Much News Distributing the "Wingfoot" Goodyear Artists and Cartoonists The "Wingfoot A factory newspaper, the "Wingfoot Clan," was cian" early established by the Goodyear Labor Division (June, 1912) and became at once the indispensable means of communication between Goodyear and her host of "Goodyearites." For a year this paper was published semi-monthly, was on a weekly basis for ?>}A years, thereafter became a semi- weekly publi- cation, and recently went on a "three a week" basis, so intense have become the requirements of Goodyear for news, education, enter- tainment and sport publicity. Through this paper the management of the factory is able to keep in close touch with the great body of workers, and every attempt is made to make them feel that it is their own paper, and their contributions to it are urged. The paper functions partly as an official bulletin, partly as a means of instruc- tion concerning the work of the plant, partly as a newspaper aiming to relax and amuse its readers, and in all cases tries to promote good feeling and to cultivate the esprit de corps of the plant. The paper is given free distribution at the factory gates on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday of each week. It is the official means of contact between the management and Goodyearites, and expresses all Labor Division policies, and its editorial policy is such that it does not hesitate to discuss vital labor problems. 28 the mm I e^T clan ^-BOY' GOODYEAl! THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO °° VOUR CHRISTMAS SHOPP1NC „ QNoE the wmfigfc Clm HACK YOUR OWN WITH THE BONDS YOU OWN! iS SPECIAL EXTRA! ^5" | I Ini I iftj Hull.. 1 ifwrii 1! .ml W.I! I ceil One S..1dier \ THE WIN^XT CLAN Goodyear Going Over the Top THE VICTORY LOAN «"» •«""^''" IS "OVERTHETOP" I THE WDveffer CLAN THE WIN8BB0T CLAN BLACK FACE SOYS J OF HUMS' CLUB : PRACTICmS HARD -: ;■ ^';;;^'^V^ . r : ■■■■: WILKEHSON. ONCE ON CASUALTY LIST. WRITES eOaDYEAR FROM EERMftHY; ■■ SAW HIS NAME ON 'WiHCfODr ROLL THE WIN6f%9T CLAN Business to Boom Now That War Is Won THE WIN^SbT CLAN G0 — «rX BUREAU Goodyear Buys $2,000,000 v;^forv Loan Drive Over THE WW#9T CLAN F 2 WJNfg) T CLm THE WINGffer CLAN VC£ " «™»"J"™ ««' L— ?-.- IJQffi WIM W9T CLAN thirty nine "" -^^" GOODYEAR JOINS IN goooyearites 4fe p HCE CELEBRATION YOlfRE A PAR TNER of UNCLE SAM Every Goodyearite Receives This Newspaper The Wingfoot Clan rapidly passed from a monthly to a "three a week" basis, and occasionally runs daily so intense are the requirements of the plant for publicity. 29 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION LocaI Local publicity for Goodyear social and recreational Publicity activities apart from the Wingfoot Clan is taken care of by the Goodyear Labor Division, stories being submitted daily to the three local papers published in Akron. To create an exclusive industrial spirit is not the object sought. Interest in every matter of civic or municipal progress is promoted by the Goodyear Company, and to merge its success with that of the community at large is rather what is aimed at. The local stories are furnished mainly by staff members of the Wingfoot Clan, who report sport events, entertainments and matters of general interest at the plant to the offices of the city papers. Publicity relating to activities of the Labor Division is sometimes sent to trade periodicals, outside newspapers, and similar publica- tions, the object being to acquaint the general public with such pro- gressive policies of the Company as have a social and public interest. Another very popular feature of the Goodyear Labor Division is the free legal advice given Goodyearites in every kind of personal, domestic or business diffi- culty. Among 24,000 workers there are always inexperienced persons who get into legal toils and the object of the Legal Bureau is to keep Goodyearites out of trouble, or, if already in it, to defend them so far as they are right. Legal Advice Unsophisticated workers are prevented much needless anxiety by up-to-date legal counsellors to employees. 30 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. The work of the Legal Staff covers everything done in any law office, including counsel, advice, examination and preparation of legal papers or documents, and the representation of Goodyearites in court, when the merits of the case so warrant. Much has been accomplished by the Legal Staff in fostering the good- will of the working force by assistance in matters of a legal nature. The Legal Staff also advises the Labor Division on all labor legislation and general factory legal work. Uncle Sam's wartime requirements of Goodyear put the plant mail service on its fighting edge. During the war period more pieces of mail than are handled by the average post office were cleared through the Factory Mail Bureau. Mail Service Mail service throughout the Factory and Factory Office may be productive of much satisfaction or discontent and, consequently, is handled by the Labor Division. A squad of mail boys collect and distribute all mail and papers after clearing them through a distributing office located at a central point. Many of the boys on the squad are equipped with roller skates. Restaurant A working force as vast as Goodyear's cannot all Serv/ce live in the near vicinity of the plant ; dependence upon outside restaurants is precarious; modern ideals of efficiency require well-fed workmen; so that the installation of ade- quate dining facilities was one of the first tasks of the Labor Division. The Goodyear Restaurants, two in the factory and one in the General Office, are designed to serve a daily total of at least 10,000 people, and are generally operating at full capacity. No Good- yearite need ever go hungry or lack a warm meal at noon, and the beneficial effect of "inside" restaurant service upon industries in general could hardly be overestimated. 31 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 1 — View of General Office Restaurant. 2 — One of Goodyear' s Factory Lunch 3 — "Standing by to 'repel' Boarders." Rooms. In the largest Factory lunch room the counters are arranged in the form of a hollow square, making it possible to serve six lines of patrons at the same time. Hardwood tables and chairs are pro- vided, ceiling fans are run in warm weather, strict cleanliness is maintained throughout. Four meals per day are served, breakfast, lunch, supper and midnight lunch. The cafeteria service is modi- fied by a species of Table a" Hote where the patron pays a flat rate for his lunch but has a certain range of choice among meats and vegetables. The meals are served at the price of 25 cents. Smoking is permitted in the Factory lunch room; a special room is set apart for this in the General Office. Service in both the Factory lunch rooms is very rapid, and the patronage is heavy. The health of a great organization will quickly show, in statistical fashion, the effects of rational feeding, and in the Labor Division's restaurants, food effects are constantly studied and every effort made to insure the gastronomic well-being and satisfaction of Goodyearites. 32 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO "Say, Mister, Steer Us to Room and Board" Scene in Housing Bureau of Labor Division, The Goodyear Tire 8s Rubber Company Housing The tremendous expansion of American business con- Supervision sequent upon the European War profoundly affected Akron as the center of the rubber industry, com- pelling vast plant extensions and increase in the number of oper- atives. As this unexampled prosperity attracted labor, the housing facilities of the city were soon exhausted, and a shortage of hundreds of homes exists in 1919. Besides encouraging building operations and projects, and the development of Goodyear Heights [described hereafter], the Company established a Housing Bureau to assist all workmen seeking living accommodations. This Bureau has oper- ated as a clearing house for all such needs, and through its efforts lots have been sold, homes and rooms rented, and light housekeeping quarters furnished to a very large number of Goodyear operatives. The Bureau's work has gone far to exempt Goodyear from local housing stresses. Located in the Employment Office, its easy acces- sibility to the newly hired man has also created a sense of friendly interest in the newcomer and prevents much fruitless roaming and house hunting. 33 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION « e. Example Better Than Precept Advice on investments and the economies of purchase in quantity will always be appreciated by an industrial force. During the war coal shortage, Goodyear supplied coal at no profit to many of her employees, thus inculcating thrift principles in a fashion more effective than much advice. Teaching Thrift Without inculcating the essential habits of thrift and economic foresight, liberal pay is no check on indus- trial discontent. The increasing prosperity that enabled Goodyearites to earn high wages revealed much improvi- dence so that a Bureau to promote thrift and to provide financial advice was considered advisable. This Bureau will confer with anyone seeking advice concerning investments, and will in every case try to provide the maximum of returns with the maximum of safety. Beyond this it endeavors to show all interested how homes, wearing apparel, and all other necessities may be purchased most economically and how the savings thus made can advantageously be invested in real estate, stocks, bonds and other securities. No charge is made for this service. The Bureau also handles "Hard Luck" cases and tries to manage affairs so as to get Goodyearites out of debt. A few practical instances of the work of the Thrift Sub- division are the selling of coal at wholesale prices, approximately 200 cars being sold during the season of 1917-1918, the making of arrangements with local merchants to supply Goodyearites with certain necessities at reduced rates, Thrift Stamp and Liberty Loan campaigns, the sale of Goodyear stock ano! the opening of savings accounts with local banks through a payroll deduction plan. 34 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Mammoth 1919 Labor Day on Seiberling Field Labor Day always departs leaving a tired but supremely happy throng of Good- yearites. From earliest morning they and their families swarm to Seiberling Field, and when the pistol barks for the start of the first event a good-sized crowd is always present. At first the crowd surrounds the oval inside of which "something is doing every minute." Later they travel from oval to the ball field and long before the game begins standing room is at a premium in the bleachers. In the evening all attend the big Goodyear dance in the Gymnasium. 35 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION r ^fta££flttAfa^^i Three Views of Seiberling Field 36 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Physical and Recreational Physical Given a square-deal management, industrial amateur Education athletics organized on a business-like basis will pro- mote plant morale quicker than any other single method. The massing together of a large percentage of the workers on a clear sunshiny day, all rooting together for their shop baseball team in a tight contest with a rival organization, brings the men, fore- men and managers together in a way that can hardly be improved upon. Classes for instruction in Military Drill and Physical Training were first organized for the benefit of the Goodyear Flying Squadrons — groups of expert workmen trained in all the many operations of the plant; and the work proved so satisfactory that it was thrown open shortly after to any Goodyearite wishing to take it up. Seiberiing Field Seiberling Field, named after President F. A. Seiber- ling of the Goodyear, is a model recreation field con- veniently located midway between the great Goodyear plant and Goodyear Heights, the model city of "Goodyearites." Six tennis courts, kept in first class condition, are at the dis- posal of the devotees of this sport. Rules governing the use of the courts are posted in conspicuous places. There are no less than four baseball diamonds, all in first class shape, and both players and fans of the "grand old game" have every chance to make full use of them. Scheduled games are played in season, evenings, Saturdays and Sundays. Girls' teams play on Wednesday evening of each week. Under the large grandstand are five locker rooms containing several hundred lockers. Here shower baths, soap and towels are to be secured. A fully equipped playground for the use of the rising generation of "Goodyearites" is another important feature of the field that has proved most popular. Horseshoe pitching is a sport that is encouraged, and courts are provided for indulging in this game. A fine cinder running track with all the necessary equipment is carefully maintained, and the forming of track teams is strongly encouraged by the Goodyear Athletic Department. The field affords a fine place for military drill, and many classes use the grounds in mastering the intricacies of "squads right," "company left," etc. A notable feature of the field is the provision for spectators, the seating capacity of the grandstands being designed for nine thousand five hundred people. 37 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Company X (P. W. Litchfield, Factory Manager, Commanding) Goodyear Executive Drill Class. Equipment of every sort, including uniforms, is purchased with funds obtained by voluntary contributions at the games, and by gate receipts. All sports and social activities at Goodyear are supported in the same way. The Athletics-Recreation Staff is in charge of, and controls the activities on the field. A regularly employed caretaker, with a corps of assistants, is constantly at work keeping the field in first class condition. Every Goodyearite is encouraged to make as much use of the field as he desires, and if proficient in or desirous of participating in any particular form of sport is urged to get in touch with the Athletic Director. That the field is fulfilling its purpose in every way is conclusively proved by the many Goodyear champion teams in baseball, football, track, and field sports that have trained on the grounds. Goodyear is glad to lend her athletic field to outside organizations, and sport events of high merit are often staged there by the Akron Recreation Commission and similar athletic organizations. Company Y (Wm. Stephens, Production Supt., Commanding) Goodyear Executive Drill Class. 38 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. 1— Cage Ball practice on Seiberling Field. 2 — A "Champ" Goodyear Basketball Team. 3 — Drafted Men's Drill Class. 39 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION ,3 ^w,l Scenes at a Goodyear Field Day Annual The excellent good-fellowship prevailing at Goodyear Field Day is strikingly illustrated by the great athletic meets held at Seiberling Field annually on Labor Day. The event is promoted for the entertainment of Goodyearites and their families, under the direction of the Goodyear Labor Division. An extensive program of games and athletic events is prepared and an average annual attendance of approximately fifty thousand specta- tors makes the day a notable one for Goodyear. All expense is borne by the Company. Prizes are awarded for winners of events, both athletic and humorous in character. Baseball games, races of all kinds, novelty events, tugs-of-war, and many similar events make the day a lively one. Dancing is held in the pavilion during the afternoon and evening. The annual Field Day has come to be an institution at Goodyear which is looked forward to for many months in advance. This is a real Labor Day bringing men and manage- ment together in close contact. They are all hard workers. Is it not better than a street parade, encouraging class distinctions? 40 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO — 7^-7: Goodyear Hall Goodyear Hall Education, athletics and social activities at Goodyear are not regarded as side issues but as concerns of major importance. In evidence of which exists Goodyear Hall, 170 by 400 feet over all, including facilities for practically every sport and entertainment requirement that may arise. The entire equipment of this building is strictly modern and cal- culated to accommodate the varied educational and recreational needs of the plant. The part of the structure fronting the street is of six stories height, with ample space for all purposes, while the rear portion (gymnasium proper) is of two stories height, consist- ing of an exercise and dance floor 200 by 96 feet. An auditorium with seating capacity of 1,500 people occupies about one-third of the building. In the basement may be found twelve bowling alleys and a rifle range. The third, fourth and fifth floors of the building are devoted to Industrial Education. Goodyear Hall is so thoroughly equipped, both in space and teaching force, as to be able to give Goodyearites an opportunity to study along any line. The curriculum has been planned in such a way as to accommo- date grade school men, high school graduates, or college graduates, in their study of the Rubber Industry. There are forty-five large, well ventilated class-rooms, including three finely equipped science laboratories. They are: Physics Laboratory, Chemistry Laboratory and also a Rubber Products Laboratory. With the completion of this building the educational facilities are adequate to handle each and every Goodyearite who is seeking 41 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION gj-SjR *• - jggll 1 1 1 Mill ■R^T^A^ts*/* 'ft?5i# %Jt*i \ w9k * Jy WJM&Mm . ; % 'J , _ mn H£ ' f ;. hKb II ■Hi i V J» The Crowd Before the Dance Opening of New Gymnasium, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. to keep himself abreast of the times, by devoting a few hours each week to study. The entire seventh floor of the building is occupied by a restaurant, which will be open at all times to Goodyearites and their friends. This in addition to the three restaurants which Good- year already has should furnish ample space to serve every one without inconvenience. This building, advocated by the factory manager and promoted by the Labor Division, is therefore quite fittingly within its care. The Director of Physical Education and Recreation is located strategically in "The Gym," where ample space is provided for dressing and locker rooms, with all facilities for bathing and for medical attendance. 42 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Office, Physical Education and Recreation A big factory will always produce talent along every line of sport and entertainment. All that is needful is to find and develop it. • -* Bw Ism 1 1 v r 'H wT 1 :< -*|. ■•#■# * *..*_, 4 - — - *"" \ ,■""". _ sv . ji^* — 1 "~ One of the First Balls Bowled Opening of new Gymnasium, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 43 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION An One of the earliest projects of the Goodyear Labor Organization Division was a shop athletic organization, which, for Play gaining strength from its birth, has gradually put her in the forefront of industrial amateur athletics. This has been accomplished by a rational combination of plant management with democratic control of the varied athletic and social clubs and societies. Each organization elects a member to a central body known as the "Central Committee of Goodyear Organizations." Once this Central Committee was firmly established, recreational matters developed with a rush, and all were established on a self- supporting basis. Dances and entertainments were held and money raised. Struggling clubs were helped to their feet, and from inter- department bowling and baseball leagues the roll of Goodyear sports quickly came to include: basketball, football, soccer, wrestling, boxing, tennis, swimming, shooting, track and field sports, the "Three Arts" and "Friars" clubs devoted to amateur dramatics and minstrelsy, along with a Goodyear Band and Orchestra, and a number of girls' organizations, with a Literary Society thrown in to provide a contrast. Central Committee of Goodyear Organizations Goodyear's Central Committee is recognized as the organization that is back of all that is "recreational" around Goodyear. They are the people behind the entertainment gun of the entire plant. 44 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Goodyear Track Team, 1919 This team won the American Industrial Track and Field Championship at Gary, Indiana, on July 4, 1919, for the second successive year. American Industrial Athletic Association Goodyear is a member of the American Industrial Athletic Association, believes thoroughly "in its policies and, in arranging schedules, shows prefer- ence for teams who are also members of this organ- ization. It is felt that the American Industrial Athletic Association represents the best athletic policy which has yet been developed for industry, and it has gained favor because it steers away from professionalism. 45 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Goodyear's Crack Baseball Club of 1919. Goodyear Mute Football Team, 1919, Amateur Champions of Ohio. Goodyear Soccer Team. Champions of Ohio, Season 1918-1919. Goodyear Girls 1919 Baseball Team, Undefeated. 46 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Ward Room, Factory Hospital Safety and Health Emergency Few factories and great industries throughout the Hospitals country have factory hospitals that would excel or even equal those of Goodyear so far as completeness of equipment and efficiency of organization are concerned. The main hospital is located at Mill No. 1. This is composed Of separate hospitals for the males and females. The hospital for men is composed of a large general treatment room, an operating room, sterilizing room, two large wards with a capacity of twelve beds, two private rooms, toilet, two special examination rooms, X-ray room, nurses' dressing room, office and store rooms. The section for the women is composed of a general treatment room and a ward with a capacity of five beds. The hospital at Mill No. 2 is con 7 structed along the same general lines and has a ward capacity of eight beds. The hospitals are equipped to handle all injury cases that may happen in the factory and also to take care of all employees who may be taken sick while at work. It is required that all employees go to the hospital for treatment of even the slightest injury. About 400 cases per day are handled at the main hospital and 250 cases at the Mill No. 2 hospital. No charge is made for any of the service rendered. The hospitals are open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The total staff at present includes ten full time physicians and fifteen nurses. Stretchers are placed in all departments of the factory in easily accessible places and signs designate their location. A dental department is about to be installed. Industrial reconstruction work has recently been started. 47 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION m The slightest wound receives treatment at once Goodyear Girls preparing for Red Cross work An Ounce ot The medical staff of the Labor Division is also Prevention responsible for making physical examinations in the compounding and chemical manufacturing depart- ments each month to prevent the development of occupational diseases. A close check is kept on employees who might show symptoms of lead poisoning. Foremen and superintendents are examined periodically, and a careful examination is also made of all "Flying Squadron" men. 48 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Safety Device on Calender A touch on the rope at either side or on bar shown instantly stops the rolls. Safety Device on Mill A jerk on the overhead rope brings massive roll to a dead stop. Safety First A complete Safety First organization is maintained Supervision by the Goodyear Labor Division, composed of Safety Engineer, draftsmen and inspectors. This division is responsible for seeing that the proper guards are placed around all hazards, such as belts, gears, fly-wheels, etc., and for the design of safety devices for dangerous machinery. 49 19523 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 2 — Laying down a few safety first rules. 1 — His name was "Carelessness." 3 — Guard around motor. 4— To provide adequate guards for complicated machines of this kind keeps the Safety First engineers "on their toes." 50 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. inspection of Safety First inspectors patrol the plant day and Equipment night, reporting dangerous conditions to the safety engineer, discouraging dangerous practices among the men, and looking after the general safety in the plant. Safety inspectors have the authority to stop dangerous machinery or to discharge careless men. Making Things Every accident is investigated, the cause deter- Fooi-Proof mined and recommendations made for the prevention of similar ones. The foreman must fill out a report on the accident and send it to the assistant "superintendent. A spirit of competition is fostered among the departments to keep down the number of accidents by publishing an accident score board in the factory newspaper. This score shows the number of accidents in each department and the relative standing of the departments. The plant at present is as near fool-proof as it can be made, and the accident rate has been decreased to about 5 accidents per 1,000 men per month, which is considered a very low frequency. in Case of To the Safety Engineer, moreover, attaches respon- Accident sibility for the administration of the Ohio Law touching accidents within the plant. By this law The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company protects the employee under what is known as "Section 22," which allows the employer to carry his own liability. By the Ohio Law, compensation for death includes payment for burial expenses not to exceed $150 and two-thirds of the average weekly wage for 6 years, not less than $2,000 nor more than $5,000. If only partial dependents survive, the award may be diminished at the discretion of the Industrial Commission of Ohio. For disability, payment is made as follows: For all reasonable medical and hos- pital service, no, limit ; for total temporary disability, a weekly pay- ment of two-thirds of average weekly wage during disability, not less than $5.00 nor more than $15.00 per week, but not for longer than six years, nor exceeding $5,000; for partial disability, two- thirds of average wage, but not exceeding $15.00 per week, nor a total of $5,000. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. may, at its discretion, commute periodical payments to lump sum payments, in which case a 3 per cent interest charge is deducted. 51 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 1— Safety Device for Ladder in use ]at 4— Safety Goggles on Workmen. „ „,°°u ye f r -l ^- 5— Industrial version of "Throw Out the 2 — Without it, this sometimes happens. Life Line." 3 — "Getting the Message Across." 52 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO A Practice Run Fire Drill, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. Fire! Although, as heretofore mentioned, Goodyear is amply equipped with fire prevention devices, the Labor Division maintains an up to-the-minute fire fighting organiza- tion on the platoon system, there being three platoons of volunteers at each of the plants, or one for each shift of workers. Each platoon, when up to full strength, consists of a chief, two captains, two lieutenants, and a force of twenty privates. There is a Fire Chief in charge of the entire system. The full strength of the Fire Department is 150 men. 53 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION "Let's Go" Owing to the inflammability of rubber, its compounds, solvents, etc., the fire- fighters of a rubber plant get plenty of experience. .. :jiii. l J*mC MH3Wg5S A Stiff Pose? You should see them Unlimber at the Gong ! j First Platoon Mill 1, Goodyear Fire Department. The movable fire apparatus consists of one automobile fire engine, five chemical engines, seven hose reels, and numerous hand chemical extinguishers throughout the plant. The plant is equipped through- out with a standard automatic sprinkler system. Signalling at the new plant is done by a standard fire alarm system, while at the lower plant, the auto-call signals are used, operated from the central tele- phone office. All exits from the factory are through heavy stair wells, cut off by automatic fire doors. These stair wells are capa- cious, with wide stairs, and form much better exits than outside escapes of structural iron. They are so numerous that there is no 54 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Guardians of Goodyear place in the plant where employees could be trapped in case of fire. Fourteen standpipes are installed in the stair wells, and all floors are equipped with regulation fire hose. Guarding The Police Organization of the Goodyear Labor The Goodyear Division maintains an adequate force of police for Community guarding the plant. The utility of the Goodyear Police lies more in the investigations which they make where Goodyearites are involved, for their protection and defense, than in any need of them for factory breaches of the peace. The usefulness of the Police Subdivision was well exemplified during the war, when it conducted many investigations and caused many alien agents operating under the disguise of workers to be turned over to the Federal Government. On many occasions it cleared up puzzling questions and in numerous ways helped to foster the loyalty of the plant and prevent sedition in the emergency. The Goodyear Police are trained to regard themselves as real protectors, friends and monitors of the plant personnel; and the relationship prevailing between them and the working force is one that reflects credit upon all concerned. 55 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Goodyear Workman Turning In Suggestions for Department Betterment Opportunities The phenomenal rise of Goodyear in the world of For industry has been due to the development of men Advancement in the ranks. The vast majority of factory execu- tives entered Goodyear in the most humble capac- ities. And Goodyear's organization is an organization of young men. Every assistance is given the man who wishes to better his position in life. The ordinary line of advancement is through the picking of promising material for inspectors; thence the path leads to chief inspector, shift foreman and assistant foreman, general fore- man, and so on, as opportunities open and the man proves his capacity. Foremen and inspectors are given a very complete course in factory practice and management and other educational work. Then, too, a Flying Squadron, composed of picked men, is main- tained, who are trained in all branches of rubber work. They are put through a special three years' course, at the end of which time they are given a certificate as a "Master Rubber Worker." These men, with their special training, provide a fertile field for the development of factory executives. In fact, many of the men in the Flying Squadron step into executive positions before finishing the three-year course. 56 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. The industrial A necessary and invaluable adjunct to this educative institute work is the Industrial Institute. In addition to special classes for foremen and inspectors, members of the Flying Squadron and apprentice boys from the Mechanical Departments, subjects such as Business Arithmetic, Business Rounding Out Industrial Life We have made most of our industrial progress in the past by the invention and perfection of machinery, carrying with it the subdivision of labor to such an extent that a large portion of our population are wage earners, engaged in tending machines, which calls for relatively little mental skill and little initiative. The monotony of operation has resulted in shortening the hours of labor, while increasing the productive capacity of the machine. This condition does not make for independence and well rounded efficiency of the operative. The safety and progress of a democ- racy depends upon the efficiency, intelligence, and well being of the majority, instead of the few, so that every effort should be made to take the extra hours released from productive labor by the shorter working day, and devote them to the mental and physical broadening of the men, to make them better and more efficient citizens. We are too prone to think that education is over and we should stop studying when we get through school. An encouragement to further education should go on through life. When a young man is obliged to enter an industry with insuffi- cient general knowledge, to best make use of his latent abilities, he should be afforded opportunities and encouragement to continue his education. What is true of the nation as a whole is also true of a large business corporation. The permanent strength of any large business corporation is the intelligence, efficiency and good will of the personnel of its organization. A concern which only uses and promotes the efficiency of the hands of its organization with- out using the brains and individuality of each operative, is not fair either to itself or to its men, and is not organized along the spirit of true democracy. The Goodyear school is organized to afford facilities, con- venience, and encouragement to all members of the Goodyear organization, to improve their knowledge and efficiency, to make them of more value to themselves and to the Goodyear organiza- tion — and to the country of which they are citizens. English, Economics, Organization and Management, Modern Busi- ness Methods, Business Law and Corporation Finance, Public Speak- ing, Mechanical Drawing, Mechanics, Shop Mathematics, Elec- tricity, Rubber Manufacturing Practice, and Portuguese are taught. 57 THE WORK[OF THE LABOR DIVISION Class hours at the Industrial Institute are so arranged that any man, no matter on what shift he is working, can take advantage of the school. There is no charge for instruction at the Institute. No matter how much previous education a man may have had, or how little, he will be able to find classes adapted to his needs. 1 — Squadrons 7 and 8, Class in Business English — Goodyear Industrial Institute. 2 — The Educational Requirements of a large Plant call for quite a Faculty. Corps of instructors, Goodyear In- dustrial Institute. 3 — Class in Economics — Goodyear Bus- iness School. 4 — A Bunch of Live Wires. Apprentice Machinists — Goodyear Industrial Institute. THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Typical Americanization Class in Goodyear Factory School About five per cent of Goodyear's Akron force are non-English speaking aliens of forty-four nationalities, mainly Hungarians, with a liberal sprinkling of Greeks, Poles and Italians. The Americanization Division of the Factory school systematic- ally promotes class schedules to accommodate every alien in the plant. The alien can obtain this valuable instruction by giving to the school a few minutes of his time each day. Americaniza tion There are three distinct phases of work carried on by Goodyear Labor Division among alien employees— (a) courses to teach foreigners to read, write, speak, and thus to think in the English language; (b) the assisting of aliens to become naturalized and in the taking out of their second papers; and (c) the handling of all affairs relating to foreign employees through an interpreter who speaks the important languages. This interpreter promotes a more complete understanding between the alien employee and Goodyear, and the interpreter has also the handling of all the grievances of alien workers. About 300 men received the instruction for aliens during the past year, which is about 20 per cent of the 1,500 foreign employees of the Company, based on the year's average employment. RQ THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 1 — New Americans 2 — Typical Goodyear Aliens 3 — How "Alien" is this man? He is one of Goodyear's alien workers who pur- chased $800 worth of Liberty Bonds of the fourth issue and paid cash in full for them. He has since taken out his "second papers." His case typifies Goodyear aliens during the war, since well over ninety-eight per cent of these purchased Liberty Bonds, far exceeding the expectations of the factory management. Of course, a large percentage were drafted into the A. E. F. In most cases the foreigners bought bonds without any solicitation. Goodyear is naturally proud of these people, who though born under other flags nobly came forward with their dollars and lives dur- ing the Great Struggle. 60 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Helping Men to Help Themselves Goodyear Relief Goodyear has always been prolific of "mutual" Associations organizations of all kinds, and the Goodyear Labor Division aims to cooperate with these as "Company representative" extending such assistance as might be acceptable, but careful not to intrude unduly. As before stated, the policy here is to help those who try to help themselves, foster a cooperative spirit, and build up a body of provident people with true "community consciousness." Prime among these societies are the Goodyear Relief Associations, for both men and women, both organized under state charters with moderate fees and dues, and both self-supporting. Both pay their members weekly indemnities for loss of time through accident or sickness. Through the action of the Labor Division, Goodyear extends life insurance to the members of these Relief Associations without a cent of cost to them, men being insured for $1,000 and women for $500, with additions of $500 for each five years of asso- ciation with the Company up to twenty years of service or to a maximum insurance of $3,000 for the men and $2,500 for the women. This feature of labor administration has had an immense effect. (See Appendices B and C). The policy is not paternal, for unless the individual has had enough foresight to pay his dues and join the Relief Association, he will not receive the life insurance. A system of retirement awards is in effect, paying a percentage of wages earned to Goodyearites who wish to retire after a certain age, after having been with Goodyear for a certain number of years. The amount of the award increases with age and length of service. (See Appendix D). The Goodyear Another mutual project was initiated July 15, 1915, service Pin ' when a gift of $100,000 was made to the "Service Association Pin Association" by the Factory Manager. Service Pin Goodyearites have five, ten, fifteen or more years of employment (continuous or intermittent) to their credit, and are awarded solid gold pins with the appropriate numeral, and these pins are much prized. The money was invested under the trusteeship of the "Goodyear Service Pin Association," incorporated; stock being issued, and the earnings of the fund used in different ways to benefit the working force of the factory. Interest in this enterprise runs high, as there are over two thousand Goodyearites with five or more years of service to their credit. By wise investment the initial capital has been several times doubled. (See Appendix E.) 61 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 1 — Handing Check to Beneficiary — 3 — Twenty- Year Service Pin Goodyearites. Goodyear Relief Assn. 4 — Old Guard Banquet on the site of the 2 — Original Members of Goodyear old smoke stack. Old Guard. Back of every industrial triumph is a group of capable and determined workmen as well as a group of capable and determined managers. Progress requires the special and determined handling of the interests of such a group. 62 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company has accorded certain prerogatives to persons who have been associated with the Com- pany, with a good record, for a considerable time. One who has been associated with the Company for three years, with a good record, cannot be discharged, unless his discharge is approved by the council member of his department; if an employee has been associated with the Company five years his discharge requires the approval of the Factory Manager; while no discharge is official until approved by the Goodyear Labor Division. Employees having a five-year service record are entitled to a one-week vacation with pay; employees having ten years of service to their credit are entitled to a two-week vacation with pay. iiitY. Civic Center, Goodyear Heights Goodyear 0ne ° f the first USeS t0 Which the earnin S S ° f the Building and Service Pin fund were put was the financing of a Loan Building and Loan Association conveniently located Association j n t fo e v i c i n ity of the plant, where Goodyearites may negotiate necessary loans at fair rates, for the building of homes or other proper needs for accommodation. From its inception the Goodyear Labor Division has interested itself in "Goodyear Heights," the largest and most impressive development of its kind in the country for factory operatives. This industrial community com- prises 450 acres of land divided into 1,937 lots, besides providing parks, athletic fields, and play grounds. Somewhat more than a thousand houses are actually built or in course of construction. All finished houses are sold and occupied, making a present population 63 GoSdyear Means Home THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION of 5,000, with a future population of double that number. This will be in the very near future, as lots cannot be held for specula- tion, since the purchaser's contract calls for a building being started when the lot is paid for. The Goodyear Heights Realty Company finances the building, if desired. In the newer part of the Heights development, besides several smaller parks and spaces, a forty-six acre park and playground has been laid out in the northeast corner. Two places have been pro- vided for building business blocks, public buildings, library, etc. The city limits have been extended to include the first part of the development of 436 lots. The later development of 1,501 lots will be included in the near future. That part outside of the present city limits is, however, included in the Akron School district, so that the children have the advantage, even though at present out- side of the municipality, of the city system. The social life of the residents of Goodyear Heights is already vigorous. A "Goodyear Heights Improvement Association" has been formed among the property owners, and is a big factor in promoting civic improvement. A "Women's Club," and "Home and School League" are vigorous. Flag Raising on Heights 64 ^!_££ODYEAR TI ^lil£BBER CO Type of Homes on Goodyear Height 65 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 1 — A Goodyear Heights Family. 2 — Public School on Goodyear Heights. 3 — "Home and Garden" — Goodyear Heights. 66 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Boy Scout Lodge on Goodyear Heights Goodyear Scou ts A large Boy Scout organization, affiliated with the National Organization, has been fostered by the Goodyear Labor Division, under the direction of an experienced Scout Master, and a splendid lodge has been built for the Scouts on Goodyear Heights, the gift of the Factory Manager. Scouts Cutting Wood on Goodyear Heights 67 ^O^ORK^L^ELABOR DIVISIO N With Goodyear Boy Scout s on a "Hike" b8 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO Goodyear Boy Scouts demonstrate motor transport of troops by a trip from Akron to Boston and New York and back by way of Gettysburg. 1— Madison Square, New York. 3— "Pretty Soft." 2 — Entering the White House, Washington. 4 — The Departure. 5 — The Return. 69 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION The Dividends That Goodyear traveled fast and rose to command- of justice ing position in virtually one short decade was simply because she stood resolutely upon her own feet, created quality product, and chose of her own free will to be a good influence in the lives and destinies of her myriad workers. In all the quick development which has made her one of the biggest, safest, best lighted, most spacious and well-ventilated plants extant, equipped with a thousand devices and activities for the comfort, convenience, benefit and pleasure of her force, Good- year's leaders always made it clear that the corporation itself was benefiting (as it always should benefit) through the increased pro- duction, loyalty and contentment of both the management and the working force. As the factory manager once put it: "The suc- cess of this Company has been due to the ability and aggressiveness of every man connected with it, and it owes something to each man in direct proportion to his part in that success. If the stockholders have invested their capital, so the workmen have contributed their time and skill ; and this Company has a duty to the one as well as to the other. We must give the square deal to both." Pursuant of such a policy, Goodyear spends more annually in the maintenance of up-to-the-minute working conditions than the gross business of many a smaller plant. Through her plan of labor activities, educational and recreational, it follows almost auto- matically that Goodyearites become better craftsmen, more success- ful citizens, better types of all-around manhood and womanhood. Goodyear's success, in short, has involved the proportional success of thousands. Nothing touching the lives and best interests of Goodyearites is a matter of indifference to Goodyear. Here is the explanation of the boundless enthusiasm, friendly atmosphere and spirit of cooperation which built up the many-plied, trouble-resistant structure of Goodyear success. Goodyear has all about her the human quality. And it has been to this human quality, fully as much as to her business methods, that Goodyear owes her meteoric rise in the ranks of American Industry. ti^ # ■■'■': ,' as> 70 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. APPENDIX A Industrial Representation Plan of the factory of The Goodyear Tire 85 Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio THE Council of Industrial Relations, composed of representa- tives elected by Goodyear men and women, foremen elected by Goodyear foremen, and executives appointed by the Good- year factory management, after having thoroughly considered the subject of industrial representation for securing justice to both men and management through cooperative methods, has evolved the following plan for industrial cooperation at Goodyear, and presents this plan to Goodyearites in the sincere belief that its acceptance by management and men of the Goodyear factory will prove beneficial to all. PLAN For Akron Factory of The Goodyear Tire 8b Rubber Co. 1. Executive Powers All executive powers for operation of the Goodyear factory shall be vested in the management, and shall not be abridged in any way except in accordance with the legislative powers granted in this Industrial Representation Plan. 2. Legislative Powers All legislative powers granted in this Industrial Representation Plan shall be vested in an Industrial Assembly of the Goodyear factory which shall consist of two (2) houses, namely a Senate and a House of Representatives. 3. The Industrial Assembly The Industrial Assembly shall be composed of forty (40) Repre- sentatives and twenty (20) Senators, elected by the Industrians of the Goodyear factory, who shall meet separately or jointly, on the first Monday in each month in Goodyear Hall. Representatives shall be elected for one year and Senators shall be elected for two years. Each Representative and each Senator shall have one vote. Each House shall vote independently of the other. Each House shall determine rules for its proceedings and shall keep a record of its proceedings. 71 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 4. Unit of Representation — Precinct and District The Goodyear factory shall be divided into forty (40) precincts. Precincts shall be determined so as to include substantially an equal number of people, and with due regard to departmental classification of the factory. Each precinct shall have the right to elect one Representative. The precincts shall be further arranged into groups of four, and each group shall be named a district, and each district shall have the right to elect two Senators. 5. Method of Election and Recall of Senators and Representatives Election of Senators and Representatives shall be held in the Goodyear Factory annually on the second Monday in October by secret ballot, and the Assembly shall be convened on the first Mon- day in November. At each annual election there shall be forty Representatives and ten Senators elected, except in the first election when there shall be twenty Senators elected. A Representative or Senator may be recalled on petition signed by two-thirds of the voters in his precinct or district, and approved by two-thirds of the House of which he is a member. Upon severance of employment with the Company, a Repre- sentative or Senator shall immediately and automatically cease to hold office. 6. Qualifications of Representatives and Senators No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of 21 years and who shall not be an Industrian of Good- year, and not have had one year's continuous service record in the factory immediately prior to date of election. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of 25 years, and who shall not be an Industrian of Goodyear, and not be in good standing on the pay roll of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company for five years, the last two of which shall have been a continuous service record immediately prior to election. If vacancies in the seats of Representatives or Senators happen by resignation or otherwise, the one who shall have received the next highest number of votes from the precinct or district in which the vacancy shall have occurred shall fill the vacancy. 7. Qualifications of Voters and Definition of Industrian A Goodyear Industrian must be 18 years of age, must be an American citizen, understand the English language, and have a six 72 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. months continuous service record in the Goodyear Factory immedi- ately prior to election. Each Goodyear Industrian is entitled to vote. 8. Power and Procedure of The Industrial Assembly The Articles of Incorporation of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company and the laws of the State of Ohio fix the final authority and responsibility for management of the Company in its Board of Directors. Therefore, subject only to the right of the Board of Directors to veto or annul, the power of the Industrial Assembly shall be as follows: — The Industrial Assembly shall have legislative power to make changes in Factory Rules and Regulations which from time to time have been or shall be made by the management as provided in Article 1, on the subject of wage adjustments, working conditions, and the adjustment of grievances in accordance with the following procedure : — Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate shall, before it becomes a Factory Rule or Regula- tion, be presented to the Goodyear Factory Manager. If he approves, he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it with his objections to the House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large upon their record, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that House it shall become a Factory Rule or Regulation. But in all such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the record of each House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Factory Manager within thirty days (Sun- days excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a Factory Rule or Regulation in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Assembly by failure to provide proper means to receive it shall prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a Factory Rule or Regulation. 9. Approval and Veto Powers of the Factory Manager Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the Factory Manager of the Goodyear Company, and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall 73 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representa- tives according to the rules and limitations in the case of a bill. 10. Joint Conferences On matters of joint interest to men and management, such as wage adjustments, working conditions, and the adjustment of grievances, Joint Conferences may be called where representatives of the men meet an equal number of representatives of the man- agement. Frequent conferences are desirable for the consideration of constructive suggestions of mutual interest. 11. Joint Conferences, How Formed The Industrial Assembly shall appoint six (6) Industrians, three from the Senate and three from the House of Representatives, and the Factory Management shall appoint six (6) Industrians to meet as a joint conference. Persons thus selected shall be duly accredited representatives of the Goodyear factory men and management for consideration of and cooperation upon subjects of mutual interest. The Industrial Assembly shall maintain standing committees com- posed of three members of each house to facilitate quick action in securing a joint conference. 12. Industrial Representation Plan — How Amended The Industrial Assembly whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary shall propose amendments to this Industrial Representation Plan, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as a part of this plan when approved by the Factory Manager. In case amendments have been passed by a two-thirds vote of both Houses over the veto of the Factory Manager, such amendments must be approved by the Board of Directors of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company before becoming valid. 13. Oath of Office Before entering upon his duties, each Representative or Senator shall take and subscribe to the following oath, which shall be administered by any officer empowered to administer oaths under the laws of Ohio: "I solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faith- fully support the Constitution and laws of the United States and the State of Ohio and the Industrial Representation Plan of The Goodyear Factory, and that I will to the best of my ability faith- fully and conscientiously discharge the duties incumbent on me as a Representative (or Senator) under such plan." 74 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. 14. Guarantee Against Discrimination There shall be no discrimination against any Goodyearite on account of membership or non-membership in any labor organiza- tion, or against any Representative or Senator for action taken by him in performance of his duties as outlined in this Plan. 15. Industrial Representation Plan — How Ratified This Industrial Representation Plan shall become effective when a majority of the Industrians of the Goodyear Factory and the management of the Goodyear Factory shall have authorized the present Industrial Relations Council to place their signatures hereon. A majority of the Industrians in the Goodyear factory voted in favor of the Industrial Representation Plan by secret ballot on June 16th and 17th, 1919. The Board of Directors of The Good- year Tire & Rubber Company in meeting June 6, 1919, authorized the factory management to proceed with this plan. Therefore, conforming with Article No. 15 above, we, the mem- bers of the Industrial Relations Council of the Goodyear factory, do hereby affix pur signatures to the plan, signifying that the plan will at once become effective. P. W. Litchfield W. C. State C. R. Johnson H. D. Hoskin Wm. Stephens F. B. Campbell H. Grow C. McClister G. M. Brodock H. O. Allman E. S. Rose F. H. Fuller C. Slusser D. R. Stevens O. P. Kidder E. Hartman 75 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION APPENDIX B Constitution and By-Laws of the Goodyear Relief Association Akron, Ohio Organized January 26th, 1909 ARTICLE I. NAME. This Association shall be named The Goodyear Relief Associa- tion, and is the only association referred to hereafter in this Consti- tution and By-Laws. ARTICLE II. OBJECT. Section 1. Said Association is formed for the purpose of pro- viding for the relief of and to render assistance to its members in case of sickness, accident or death, according to the Constitution and By-Laws. ARTICLE III. MEETINGS. Section 1. The regular meeting of the Association shall be held on the second Monday of January of each year, which meeting shall be the annual meeting of the Association. The time and place of such meeting to be designated in the notice. Sec. 2. Special meetings shall be called by the President upon request in writing of three members of the Association in good standing. Sec. 3. All meetings shall be announced by a bulletin or notice posted in some conspicuous place within the walls of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company at least three days prior to the date of such meeting. Sec. 4. The election of officers shall be held at the annual meet- ing of the Association, on the regular meeting in January of each year. ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS. Section 1. The officers of this Association shall be as follows: President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and 3 Trustees. 76 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. They shall be members of the Association in good standing and shall be elected to serve for one year or until their successors are elected and qualified, with the exception of the Trustees, who shall be elected as follows: One Trustee to be elected each year to serve for three years. Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of the President to preside at all meetings of this Association, to call special meetings as hereinbefore provided or whenever he deems necessary, to preserve order, to sustain the potency of the laws and regulations, and to give the casting vote in all matters that may be under debate before him in case of a tie. Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the Vice President to assist the President whenever his services may be required. He shall preside and perform all other duties of the President in case of the President's absence or disability. Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of the Secretary to keep the roll of membership, to take minutes of all meetings, to give notice of all meetings as hereinbefore provided, to issue notices of assessments, to receive all fees, dues and assessments, to make a full report of all receipts, and to pay same over to the Treasurer, taking his receipt therefor; and to perform such other services usually pertaining to the office of Secretary as may be required of him by the President. For the faithful performance of his duties, he shall receive such sum, payable monthly or semi-monthly, as the Trustees may determine, and shall give bond in such sum as may be determined by the Trustees, such bond to be deposited with the President and the premium thereof paid by the Association. Sec. 5. It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to receive all funds from the Secretary, give him a receipt therefor, deposit them in the bank designated by the Association or Trustees and pay such funds out upon orders signed by the President and Secretary, when accompanied by vouchers approved by the Trustees. He shall make a detailed report to the Association of all receipts and disbursements and funds on hand at each regular meeting or when requested by the President or Trustees. For the faithful performance of his duties he shall receive the sum of $25.00 per year, payable quarterly, and shall give bond in such sum as may be determined by the Trustees, such bond to be deposited with the President, and premium therefor paid by the Association. Sec. 6. It shall be the duty of the Trustees to take care of the financial interests of this Association; to examine the books at least once in every three months, and to fix the amount of the bonds to be given by the Secretary and Treasurer. They shall receive all 77 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION applications for membership from the Secretary and have power to accept or reject same. Each Trustee shall be required to furnish bond in the sum of Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00), such bond to be deposited with the President and the premium therefor to be paid by the Association. All property belonging to the Association shall be under their protection. ARTICLE V. FEES AND DUES. Section 1. The fee for admission to this Association shall be One Dollar for Charter Members and one dollar admission fee thereafter, such fee to accompany the application. Sec. 2. The dues of this Association shall be Six Dollars ($6.00) per annum, payable at the rate of One Dollar and a half ($1.50) quarterly in advance on the 25th day of January, April, July and October, to the Secretary. Members employed at The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company can have their dues and assessments taken out of their pay due on the 25th of the months mentioned. Sec. 3. Should the funds of this Association fall below fifty cents per member, the Trustees shall make, a special assessment not exceeding fifty cents per member. ARTICLE VI. MEMBERSHIP. Section 1. All male persons in the employ of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, who are in good physical condition are eligible to membership in this Association, except as hereinafter mentioned, and may participate in all its benefits, provided that in case of sickness or disability such conditions are not the direct result of his misconduct. Sec. 2. Applications for membership must be made to the Secretary, who shall submit such applications to the Board of Trustees. Said Trustees shall investigate each application carefully, requiring any applicant to submit to such medical examination as they deem proper, and shall approve or reject any such application within one month from its date. The approval by the Trustees of any application constitutes the applicant a member of the Associa- tion from the date of his application, and he is subject to payment of dues and assessments from that date. Sec. 3. Any member who shall be in arrears for dues or assess- ments for a period of two months shall be notified of such arrearage by the Secretary, and unless such dues or assessments are paid within 78 THE GOODYEAR TI.RE & RUBBER CO. the ensuing thirty (30) days, the name, of such delinquent shall be dropped from the roll of membership, and any member so dropped shall not be reinstated except in the manner provided for in the case of new members. Sec. 4. Members leaving the employ of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, but residing within the limits of Summit County, Ohio, or counties bordering on Summit County, and members who are transferred to any subsidiary Company of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, may retain their membership in this Association, provided their dues and assessments are kept promptly paid, and further provided they conform in all respects to the laws and regulations in these By-Laws set forth. Sec. 5. Any member of this Association, excepting members who have been transferred to some subsidiary company of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, who shall leave the employ of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company with the intention of permanently residing in any other county not bordering on Summit County, shall relinquish his membership in this Association. But provided that if such member, within three months from the time his name last appeared on the pay-roll of the Company shall return to the employ of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, he shall be reinstated to full membership on payment of all arrearages which may have accrued in his absence. Sec. 6. Any person who shall be admitted into this Association while suffering from any physical ailment which would disqualify him for admission shall, on proof of such ineligibility, be imme- diately dropped from membership; and all fees and dues which may have been paid by such member on account of such admission shall be forfeited to the Association. Sec. 7. No person shall be expelled from the membership of this Association, except as provided in Section Six of this Article, or for a criminal offense or other misconduct of such nature as to justify his expulsion by a two-thirds vote of the members present at a special meeting called for the purpose or at a regular meeting. ARTICLE VII. SICK BENEFITS. Section 1. Members of the Association entitled to benefits shall be divided into two classes, as follows: "A" Members under fifty (50) years of age at time of joining Association. "B" Members over fifty (50) years of age at time of joining Association. 79 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Sec. 2. Every member of the Association in good standing, who may be prevented by sickness or injury from pursuing his usual vocation shall, subject to proviso in Article six, Section one, receive from the funds of this Association, if a member of Class "A," Eight Dollars ($8.00), and if a member of Class "B," Five Dollars ($5.00), for the second week of sickness or injury, and for the ensuing fifteen (15) weeks of sickness or injury Eight Dollars ($8.00) per week, if a member of Class "A" and Five Dollars ($5.00) per week if a member of Class "B." No claims for injury or sickness shall be paid for less than one (1) week and the maximum amount received by any member in any fifty-two (52) consecutive weeks shall not exceed One Hundred Twenty-eight Dollars ($128.00) for a member of Class "A" and shall not exceed Eighty Dollars ($80.00) for a member of Class ,! B." Provided, however, that in event of sickness or injury for less than a full week, after the first week of sickness or injury, that members of Class "A" shall receive One Dollar ($1.00) for each day of such fractional part of a week, and members of Class "B" shall receive Seventy-five Cents ($0.75) for each day of such fractional part of a week. Provided that in case of accident, providing the member is dis- abled for two (2) weeks or more, the Association will pay for the first week of disability. Sec. 3. All claims for benefits must be handed to the Secretary in writing, and if required by the Board of Trustees a physician's certificate must be presented. Sec. 4. Any member failing to notify the Secretary within six (6) days from date of sickness or disability shall not be entitled to benefits until the expiration of one week from the date of such notice. Sec. 5. A Visiting Committee, consisting of three members, shall be appointed by the President every three months. It shall be the duty of this Committee to ascertain the worthiness of an applicant claiming benefits; and the certificate of this committee, properly signed by a majority of their number, shall be furnished to the Trustees. All legitimate expenses of this Visiting Committee shall be paid by the Association. Sec. 6. In the event of failure by any claimant to comply with provisions of Sections 3 and 4 of this Article, the Board of Trustees may, if satisfied, after proper and thorough investigation, that the condition and circumstances warrant it, use their discretion in the payment of such claims, or if they deem it advisable, may refer same with results of their investigation to the Association for action. Sec. 7. Should any attempt be made to obtain benefits from this Association by fraudulent pretenses, such attempts shall, on 80 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. the proof of the same, be dealt with in accordance with the wish, expressed by vote, of two-thirds of the members voting at a special meeting called to take action in the matter or at a regular meeting. Sec. 8. A member shall be allowed to vote or take part in discussions of the Association when he is not more than four weeks in arrears for dues, fines or assessments, but no member shall draw any benefits from the Association unless at the time of his sickness or disability, he shall be free from all indebtedness to the Association, and in no case shall benefits be paid to any member unless his dues are paid in advance. ARTICLE VIII. FUNDS. Section 1. All funds exceeding $500.00 in treasury shall be placed at interest. ARTICLE IX. QUORUM. At a regular or special meeting of this Association, no less than ten (10) members in good standing shall be considered a quorum for the transaction of business. ARTICLE X. DISSOLUTION. This Association shall not dissolve while there remain fifty (50) members thereof in good standing. ARTICLE XL AMENDMENTS. The above Articles shall not be subject to alteration or amend- ment, in whole or in part, except by a two-thirds vote of the members present then employed at The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, at a special meeting called for the purpose or at a regular meeting. ARTICLE XII. ORDER OF BUSINESS. 1. Calling the roll of officers. 2. Reading the minutes of previous meetings. 3. Report of officers. 4. Reports of Standing Committees. 5. Reports of Special Committees. 81 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 6. Communications and bills. 7. Unfinished business. 8. New business. 9. Miscellaneous business. 10. Applications for membership. ARTICLE XIII. PARLIAMENTARY LAW. Section 1. Robert's Rules of Order shall be parliamentary law for the government of this Association. THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. APPENDIX C Plan of Life Insurance for Members of The Goodyear Relief Association and Women Associated with The Good- year Tire & Rubber Company Introduction 1 . The Officers and Directors of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, appreciating the spirit of foresight manifested by certain men associated with the Organization, in providing against future contingencies by becoming members of The Goodyear Relief Asso- ciation, and desiring also to make provision for all of the women associated with the Company, and believing that life insurance is one of the best means of providing for the future, hereby present the following life insurance plan: — Who Entitled to Insurance 2. The Directors believe that a man who has associated him- self with The Goodyear Relief Association has a desire to co-operate with others for the mutual good of all, and therefore they desire to join in this spirit of co-operation; and the directors further feel that the women who are associated with the organization are entitled to like protection, and therefore this plan is presented with the hope that The Goodyear Relief Association will be enabled greatly to increase its membership and that its energies may be devoted to sick and accident benefits, rather than to insurance, thereby reliev- ing its members from the burden of paying assessments for death benefits. 3. It has, therefore, been determined that the following shall be entitled to the benefit of life insurance under this plan, to-wit:— (a) All men associated with the Company, upon its pay-roll and members in good standing of The Goodyear Relief Association. (b) All women associated with the Company and upon its pay- roll, provided, that they are likewise members in good standing of the Goodyear Relief Association for Women. Policy 4. A life insurance policy is to be provided for one year for all persons associated with the Company who come within the pro- visions of the preceding paragraph, and such policies to be renew- able from year to year in the discretion of the directors. Each person associated with the Company in accordance with Paragraph 83 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION 3, will be entitled to an individual certificate showing amount of insurance payable and the beneficiary designated by the Assured. 5. The amount of insurance is to be as follows: — (a) For all men associated with the Company and upon its pay-roll, who are likewise members of The Goodyear Relief Asso- ciation in good standing, $1,000 each, and $500 additional for each five years of association with the Company, up to twenty years, or to a maximum insurance of $3,000. (b) To all women associated with the Company and upon its pay-roll, $500 each, and $500 additional for each five years of asso- ciation with the Company, up to twenty years, or to a maximum insurance of $2,500, provided, that they are likewise members in good standing of the Goodyear Relief Association for Women. Conditions 6 . Upon receipt of satisfactory proof of death of a person insured under this plan, the amount of the policy will be paid to his or her beneficiaries, as the case may be, in one sum or in any manner which the beneficiaries prefer, the Company reserving the right, however, before payment of the same to the beneficiaries to deduct an amount sufficient to pay the necessary funeral expenses. 7. The provisions embodied in this plan or any that may hereafter be embodied in the plan shall not be construed to create a contract with any person, except as the policy delivered under the provisions hereof may constitute a contract. 8. Nothing in this plan shall be construed as obligating the Company to continue as a part of its organization or upon its pay- roll, any person insured, the Company expressly reserving the right at all times to dismiss any such person from its organization and take the name of any such person from its pay-roll. 9. The Company reserves the right to cancel, the life insurance policy of any person insured under this plan whenever such person shall leave the Company or be dismissed or discharged, for any reason whatsoever. 10. In case of illness or temporary absence, or lay-off, if on account of reduction in force, the insurance policy will not be can- celed so long as the member remains in good standing in the Relief Association, except when absence exceeds one year, when the policy will be automatically canceled. 11. The Company reserves the right to change, alter or abolish the within plan without thereby subjecting itself to any liability to any person insured under this plan, except only its liability for policies issued and outstanding at the time of such change, alteration, or abolition. 84 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. 12. Life insurance created under this plan may be terminated at the discretion of the Company and shall terminate whenever the insured shall cease to be associated with the Company and in case of men, whenever they cease to be members in good standing of The Goodyear Relief Association. 13. The Company will not permit, allow or recognize any assignment, mortgage, pledge, loan or anticipation of any payments of life insurance and any effort on the part of the insured to violate any of the provisions hereof shall entitle the Company, at its option, to forfeit all rights of the insured under any policy issued. 14. No contribution or payment to the Company of any kind will be required from the Assured in the carrying forward of this plan. 15. Persons receiving Retirement Awards shall not be entitled to life insurance under this plan. 16. In the aforesaid plan the word, "Company" shall mean "THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY," the word "DIRECTORS," shall mean "The Board of Directors of the Company," and the word "Assured" shall apply to any person to whom a policy has been delivered under this plan. THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. By F. A. Seiberling, President. Akron, O. Dec. 25, 1915. 85 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION APPENDIX D Basis of Plan for Retirement Awards to Men and Women Associated with The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 1. The Directors of the Company feel that persons who have spent continuously all or many of the most useful years of their lives in giving their energy and efforts to the common good of the organization are worthy of consideration from the Company after their useful years are past and their ability to earn sufficient money is gone. 2. Further than this, it is desirable from time to time that those who have grown old in their work should retire and allow younger persons an opportunity to advance. 3. By reason of the foregoing, the Directors and officers of THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY announce the fol- lowing plan for granting retirement awards proportionate to the money earned by each person and to the length of his or her asso- ciation with the Company. 4. The Directors are at all times to have adminstration and supervision of the plan and the judgment of the majority of such Directors upon any matter which may arise hereunder shall at all times be final and conclusive. Eligibility 5. All persons associated with the Company in any capacity whatsoever coming within the provisions hereof are eligible for Retirement Awards in accordance with the terms hereof. 6. The Company shall pay all expenses of the plan and no contribution shall be required or received from any individual or any organization connected with the Company. 7. When any man associated with the Company shall have reached the age of seventy (70) years, or in the case of women sixty-five (65) years, he or she shall be required to retire and he or she may receive a Retirement Award, provided, he or she has been associated with the Company for fifteen years or more. 8. Any man or woman associated with the Company has the option of retiring before the age of seventy or sixty-five respectively, and subject to the approval of the Board, he or she may receive a Retirement Award as hereinafter stated in Article 14, said Article giving schedules of awards for men and for women. 86 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. 9. Any person who has been associated with the Company for twenty-five (25) continuous years, or more, may at his or her own request, and subject to the approval of the Board, retire and receive a Retirem snt Award. 10. Any per on who has been associated with the Company continuously for the period of fifteen (15) years, or more, and who shall have become permanently totally incapacitated from work through accident or illness ; for which compensation has not already been provided, may be given a Retirement Award at the discretion of the Board. Amount of Awards 11. Retirement Awards will be paid monthly. 12. Each award will be computed on a percentage of the total pay received during all the years of continuous association with the Company. 13. For twenty -five (25) years or more of continuous asso- ciation, the Retirement Award per year will be one and one half per cent (1K%) of the total pay received during all the years of continuous association with the Company, excepting that if a man has reached the age of fifty-five (55) or more, or in the case of a woman, fifty (50) or more, he or she may retire before twenty-five years of continuous association and receive Retirement Awards according to the Special Schedules hereinafter stated in Article 14, designated, "Schedule for Men," and "Schedule for Women." (Example— At the age of 47, after a period of 32 years with the total pay received during these years of $30,000, the yearly Retire- ment Award will be \y 2 % of $30,000, that is, $450, or $37.50 per month.) 14. Between the ages of 55 and 70 a man may receive a Retire- ment Award each year in accordance with the terms of the follow- ing schedule, provided he has been continuously associated with the Company for the number of years specified therein. SCHEDULE FOR MEN Retire- Will 1^% each year of 2% each .year of total 2K% each year of total ment Entitle total pay received Or: pay received if he has Or: Pjf rf n el ^ >f te at the a Man if he has been been associated has been associated 5f.. 0f: *% continuousTeaJfor more ....35 continuous years or more....40 continuous years or more <* o* ' " " « ....34 « --39 „ " - 32 I -1« « ... « - qi " " " " ....36 ■ :-3o -35 ;; ; ; " --2-9 ■ : ; -34 . . 28 " -33 " 27 -32 " ! « 26 -31 . 25 " " " " —30 " " "it • - " - -29 - : ; ; » '""23 « " " " —28 " '""22 " " " " -27 " ".'.'. " -21 " " " " -26 " « ....20 " " " -25 87 56 24 57 58 23 22 59 21 60 20 61 19 62 18 63 .17 64 65 16 15 66 ..15 67 68 15 15 69 70 15 15 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Between the ages of 50 and 65 a woman may receive a Retire- ment Award each year in accordance with the terms of the following schedule, provided she has been continuously associated with the Company for the number of years specified therein. SCHEDULE FOR WOMEN Retire- Will 1H% each year of 2% each year of total 2 l A% each year of total ment Entitle total pay received Or: pay received if she has Or: pay received if she at the a Woman if she has been jeen associated has been associated age of: to— associated 50 25 continuous years or more .,.35 continuous years or more ...40 :ontinuous years or more 51 24 " a it " ...34 " " " " ...39 " H « H 52 ....23 " " " " . 33 " " " " ...38 " U U u 53 22 " ii ii " 32 14 " ii .i ...37 " " " " 54 ...21 " " " " .31 " u ...36 " U u u 55 20 " " " " ..30 " " U .1 ...35 " " " " 56 19 " " " ...29 '• " i. a ...34 " " " 57 18 " " " " ...28 " " " " ...33 " " " u 58 17 " " " " ...27 " " " " ...32 " " " " 59 16 " " " " ...26 " " " " ...31 " u a u 60 15 " " " " ...25 " " " " ...30 u 11 a 61 15 " " " " ....24 " " ii ii ...29 " " " " 62 ...15 " « u " ...23 " " " " ...28 " " ii « 63 ...15 " " " " ...22 u " ii ii ...27 " " " w 64 15 " " " " ...21 " " ii ii ...26 " " u " 65 15 " " " .-20 " " " " ...25 " " " " The following examples are based on the schedule for men: (Example — Age 59, number of years 21, total pay during these years $21,000, annual Retirement Award will be iy 2 % of $21,000, or $315 per year, that is, $26.25 per month.) (Example — Age 60, number of years 30, total pay during these years $32,000, annual Retirement Award will be 2% of $32,000, or $640 per year, that is, $53.33 per month.) (Example — Age 59, number of years 36, total pay during these years $34,000, annual Retirement Award will be 2]/ 2 % of $34,000, or $850 per year, that is, $70.83 per month.) (Example — Age 60, number of years 40, total pay during these years $38,000, annual Retirement Award will be 2^% of $38,000, or $950 per year, that is, $79.17 per month.) 15. All Retirement Awards allowed by the Board under Article 10 hereof (that is, for persons totally incapacitated), shall be at the rate of 2 per cent per year of the total compensation received during all the years of continuous association to the date of disability. 16. No Retirement Awards will be made for less than 15 years of continuous association with the Company. 17. The number of years used in computing the amount of awards shall be the number of years during which a person has been continuously associated with the Company up to the time of retire- ment, computed to the nearest annual period. 18. If a person is temporarily absent because of sickness, or absent on account of reduction in working force, the period of absence will not be considered as a break in the total number of years of THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. continuous association, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that when such absence exceeds one year, it shall in all cases be deducted in computing a Retirement Award. Where there is a break in con- tinuous association for either of above reasons all previous years of association shall be deducted in case the person does not return to work when sent for by registered letter. 19. If a person leaves the Company for reasons other than those set forth in preceding paragraph and later returns, the Retirement Award shall be computed from the number of years of continuous association following such return, that is, he or she shall be con- sidered under this plan as a new person in the organization. Conditions 20. Once a Retirement Award has been granted, the Com- pany guarantees monthly payment of the same during the life of person to whom the award has been granted, subject to the terms of this plan. 21. This plan is not a contract with any person associated with the Company and all awards are to be subject to the request of the person desiring to retire and subject to the approval of the Board, with the exception that it shall be obligatory upon all men who have reached the age of 70 and all women who have reached the age of 65 to retire. 22. The acceptance of a Retirement Award shall not prevent any person from engaging in any other business which in the judg- ment of the Board is not prejudicial or detrimental to the interest of the Company. 23. The right to dismiss or discharge any person associated with the Company is reserved by the Company and no liability shall be incurred by it by reason of any such dismissal or on account of any of the provisions of this plan, if in the judgment of the Board or its duly authorized agent such dismissal is in the interest of the Company. . 24. Should the individual entitled to a Retirement Award receive other compensation from the Company, it shall be within the discretion of the Board of Directors to determine the amount of Retirement Award such person shall receive; provided however, that in no instance shall the total amount paid to such person be less than the Retirement Award to which he would be entitled according to schedules set out in Article 14. 1 25. The Company reserves the right, without notice to any- one, to alter or abolish this plan or any of the provisions hereof without incurring any liability to any person to whom a Retirement 89 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Award has not accrued and been allowed at the time of such altera- tion or abolition. 26. The Company further reserves the right to increase or diminish or otherwise alter the basis of payment of awards at any time by giving notice at the beginning of the year thereof, PRO- VIDED, HOWEVER, that no reduction or discontinuance thereof is to be made in the amount of the monthly payment of any Retire- ment Award which has already been granted by the Company except as herein otherwise provided. 27. A Retirement Award may be denied or discontinued by the Board in cases of criminal or other misconduct, if in its judg- ment the same is deemed advisable. 28. A Retirement Award may also be denied or discontinued by the Board in case of assignment of the award without the con- sent of the Company or under other circumstances which in the judgment of the Board makes such denial or discontinuance advisable. 29. The term "YEARS OF ASSOCIATION," "ASSOCIA- TION," or "ASSOCIATION WITH THE COMPANY," shall mean "THE YEARS DURING WHICH THE PERSON IS UPON THE PAY-ROLL OF THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUB- BER CO." 30. In the foregoing plan the word "COMPANY" shall mean "THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY"; the word "PERSON" may mean either man or woman as the case may be; the word "BOARD" shall be understood to mean "THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY." THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. By F. A. Seiberling, President. Akron, Ohio. yo THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER' CO. APPENDIX E Constitution of The Goodyear Service-Pin Association of Akron, Ohio ARTICLE I, NAME. The name of this Association shall be The Goodyear Service- Pin Association, and its place of business Akron, Ohio, an asso- ciation incorporated and organized not for profit. ARTICLE II. OBJECT AND PURPOSES. Said Association is formed for the purpose of administering The Litchfield Fund for Goodyear Factory Employees and also to further the loyalty, efficiency, co-operation, and general welfare and happiness of all Goodyear employees. ARTICLE III. CAPITAL STOCK. The capital stock of this Association shall be Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000.00), divided into Two Thousand Five Hundred (2,500) shares of Ten Dollars ($10) each. ARTICLE IV. MEMBERSHIP. Any factory employee of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Com- pany or of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company of Canada, Ltd., entitled to, and having one or more Service-Pins, granted by said The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, may become a member of this association by subscribing for one share of its capital stock for each service-pin held, subject to the regulations, by-laws and rules of the association, and be entitled to all its benefits and privileges. The share of stock so subscribed for shall be paid out of The Litch- field Fund belonging to said association. Each share of stock shall entitle the holder to one vote at any meeting of the stock- holders. ARTICLE V. DEFINITION OF SERVICE-PIN. A Service-Pin is a pin given by The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company to an employee at the expiration of each five years of service, or a pin given to graduates of the Flying Squadron Course. 91 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION Regulations of The Goodyear Service-Pin Association ARTICLE I. MEETING OF THE MEMBERS. The annual meeting of the members of this Association shall be held at the room of the Association in Akron, Ohio, or at such other place as the board of directors may designate, on the third Saturday of January in each year. Special meetings may be called by the board of directors, or any fifteen members, by giving five days' notice in writing to each member, by mail, at his last known address, or by publication in the Wingfoot Clan. At all meetings a quorum shall consist of a representation of fifty per cent or more of stock issued. ARTICLE II. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS. The election of directors shall be held at the first meeting of the members and thereafter at the annual meetings of members, or when a quorum is not present at the regular annual meeting, at an ad- journed meeting where a quorum is present, or at a special meeting called by the President and Secretary for that purpose. The election shall be by ballot, and a majority of the votes cast by a quorum shall be necessary to the choice of a director. The number of direc- tors shall be eleven, and at the annual meeting to be held in January, A. D. 1916, six shall be elected for the term of two years, and five for the term of one year, and thereafter, in the odd numbered years, five shall be elected for the term of two years, and in the even numbered years, six shall be elected for the term of two years; direc- tors shall hold office until their successors are elected and qualified. Any member of the Association may cast a vote by proxy, or by mail when absent from the City; if by mail the letter containing the ballot shall be directed to the Secretary of the Association. ARTICLE III. ELECTION OF OFFICERS. The officers of the Association shall be a President, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer, and they shall be elected by the board of directors for one year, and shall serve until their successors are elected and qualified. 92 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. ARTICLE IV. COMPENSATION OF OFFICERS. The compensation of the officers, if any, shall be such as may be fixed from time to time by the board of directors. ARTICLE V. DUTIES OF PRESIDENT. The President shall preside at all meetings of stockholders and directors, sign the records thereof and all certificates of stock, contracts, and other papers executed by the association, and perform generally all duties performed by Presidents of Associations, and such further duties as may be from time to time required of him by members or directors. ARTICLE VI. DUTIES OF VICE PRESIDENT. The Vice President shall perform all the duties of the President in case of the absence or disability of the latter. In case both President and Vice President are absent, or unable to perform their duties, the members or directors, as the case may be, may appoint a president pro tem. ARTICLE VII. DUTIES OF SECRETARY. The Secretary shall keep minutes of all proceedings of the members and directors of the Association and make a proper record of the same, which shall be attested by him. He shall keep such books as may be required by the board of directors, and shall have charge of the stock books of the Association, and shall issue and attest all certificates of stock, and generally perform such duties as may be required of him by the members or directors. ARTICLE VIII. DUTIES OF TREASURER. The Treasurer shall receive and have charge of moneys, bills, notes, bonds and similar property belonging to the Association, and shall do with the same as may be ordered by the board of directors. He shall keep such financial accounts as may be required, and on expiration of his term of office shall turn over to his suc- cessor or to the board of directors all property, books, papers and 93 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION money of the Association in his hands. He shall give bond with some reliable surety company in the sum of fifty thousand dollars for the faithful discharge of his duty. ARTICLE IX. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. The board of directors shall appoint an Executive Committee of three members from their number, of which the Secretary may be one, who shall, under the authority of the board of directors, have the management of the business and affairs of the Association in the interim between the meetings of directors, but not to incur debts, except for current expenses, unless specially authorized by the board, and shall make a report to the board of their acts for its approval, which shall form part of the records of the directors. The action taken by such committee must in all cases be unanimous. In all questions of disagreement the matter must be referred to the board of directors. ARTICLE X. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. The board of directors shall have the general management and control of the business and affairs of the Association, and shall perform all duties required of them by its constitution and by- laws. They shall hold regular meetings on the first Tuesday of each month. Seven members shall constitute a quorum. The Board shall have power to fill all vacancies occurring in its own body or in any of the offices of the Association, and may remove or suspend any officer for malfeasance in office or neglect of duty. ARTICLE XL PAYMENT OF MONEY. No payments of money for and on behalf of the Association shall be made except by check drawn and signed by the Treasurer, and countersigned by the President and Secretary of the Asso- ciation. The investment of all moneys, stocks and bonds belonging to the Association, shall be made under the direction of its board of directors, in first-class securities. Money on hand either temporarily for investment or for the payment of current expenses, shall be deposited in some bank in Akron, in the name of the Treasurer of the Association as such Association Treasurer; the bank so selected being subject to the approval of the entire board. 94 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. ARTICLE XII. The fund of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00), given to this Association by P. W. Litchfield and Florence B. Litchfield, his wife, is to be known as "The Litchfield Fund," and the income therefrom is to be managed, invested and used by the said board of directors in such manner as they may deem reasonable and wise for the benefit of the members of this Asso- ciation and all other employees of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, subject, however, to the condition that the principal sum of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00), shall be kept intact for the period of five years from and after August 14, 1915; and so that not less than Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000), thereof shall remain unused for the period of ten years from and after August 14, 1915. ARTICLE XIII. TERMINATION OF MEMBERSHIP. Section 1. Membership in this Association shall be terminated thirty (30) days after a member ceases to be an employee of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, or of any subsidiary company, unless the membership of the Association shall by a vote of the majority of shares request that such member be retained; such vote to be taken as provided in Section 2 hereof. Section 2. The Board of Directors may for the good of the Association suspend a member for thirty (30) days by giving notice in writing delivered to the member or addressed to the last known postofnce address of the member. This suspension shall become permanent unless said member shall exercise the right of referendum herewith provided. The Board of Directors upon written request of suspended member shall cause notice to be given for twenty (20) days to each member of the time and place of receiving the vote of members on the question of whether such suspended member shall be reinstated. Such notice shall be given by the Secretary or be mailed to the last known postofnce address of the member. The votes of the holders of a majority of shares of stock shall be re- quired to reinstate a member. Such vote shall be canvassed by the Board of Directors, the result entered upon their records and notice of it given to suspended member. ARTICLE XIV. A member may, through a written proxy, authorize another to vote for him at all members' meetings, but the person so authorized must himself be a member, and such proxy must be filed with the Secretary before the person authorized thereby can vote thereunder. 95 THE WORK OF THE LABOR DIVISION ARTICLE XV. AUDIT OF BOOKS. The financial books and accounts of the Association shall be audited annually by an Audit Committee to be appointed by the Board of Directors; and the report of such committee shall be filed with the Secretary of the Association immediately prior to the annual meeting. ARTICLE XVI. These Regulations, excepting Article XII, may be amended or repealed by the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares held by the members at an annual meeting or at a special meeting called for that purpose. Articles IV and V of Constitution may be amended by three-fourths vote of all members. ARTICLE XVII. (A) In case of disability from performing regular duties, a mem- ber will be retained in The Service-Pin Association provided he can furnish a doctor's certificate the first of each month, showing he cannot perform his regular duties. (B) Any person whose membership in this Association shall be terminated by the provisions of Section I, Article XVII, of these regulations shall transfer his stock in The Goodyear Service-Pin Association to said Association and shall be entitled to receive in payment therefor the par value of said stock. (C) Should a member either leave the employ of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company or become deceased after having been in the employ of said company for a period of not less than ten years and not to exceed fifteen years, the Board of Directors of this Asso- ciation may, at its option, pay to such member, or to his legal rep- resentatives, in addition to the par value of his stock, such part of 25% of the market value of the assets of said Association as is rep- resented by the proportion which the number of shares owned by him in said The Goodyear Service-Pin Association bears to the whole outstanding stock of said Association. For this purpose the market value of the assets of the Association shall be determined as of January 1 of each year. (D) Should a member either leave the employ of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company or become deceased after having been in the employ of said company for a period of not less than fifteen years, the Board of Directors of this Association may, at its option, pay to such member or to his legal representatives, in addition to the par value of his stock, such part of 50% of the market value of the assets of said Association as is represented by the proportion 96 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO which the number of shares owned by him in said The Goodyear Service-Pin Association bears to the whole outstanding stock of said Association. For this purpose the market value of the assets of the Association shall be determined as of January 1 of each year. (E) A member who is pensioned by The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company may at his option retain his stock in The Goodyear Service-Pin Association or transfer his stock to said Association and receive in return therefor the par value thereof plus such part of 50% of the market value of the assets of said Association as is rep- resented by the proportion which the number of shares owned by him in said Association bears to the whole outstanding stock of said Association. For this purpose the market value of the assets of the Association shall be determined as of January 1 of each year. (F) In case a member has been, or is hereafter, called to service in the National Guard (Militia), he will retain his membership in the Association as long as he is considered an employee in good standing of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. (G) If a member has left the employment of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, and has turned in his stock of the Service- Pin Association for a cash consideration, he cannot purchase stock from the Service-Pin Association until after being steadily employed for a period of six months with The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Com- pany. After this time, however, he may purchase his previous holdings at par; provided that no one who has received an excess over and above par value for his stock, as set out in sections C, D and E of this article, shall under any circumstance be permitted to repurchase stock in said Association or to again become a member thereof. (H) An employee who has completed enough service to become a Service-Pin Association member, but has left the employment of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, before obtaining a pin, cannot make claim for stock until he has been employed for a period of six months. (I) A member who leaves the employment of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, to go on strike, will be compelled to sur- render his stock in The Goodyear Service-Pin Association at par value, and in case he returns he will be considered as a new employee, unless other disposition is made by a unanimous vote of the Board of Directors. 97 DATE DUE uA^ltfTBB "^ W^^* ^^^ t ' " ' " "f V**' P J i CAVLORD PRINTED INU.B-A. Cornell University Library HD7413.G6A51920 Theworkoft^^KSSilll HD Tfl3 &(> n S c. I