BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF H^tttrg 191. Sage 1891 Ms^H-^MrSrs: a/a/5:3. Cornen University Library ,. 3 1924 032 170 924 olin.anx sV'l '■^1 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924032170924 WATER TOWER Pumping M Power Station DESIGNS The Engineering RECORD'S Prize Designs SUGGESTIVE FOR Water Towers, Pumping AND Power Stations NEW YORK The Knoineerino RECORD (PRIOR TO 1887 THE SANITARY ENGINEER) 1893 ^. H^^^T Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the j'ear iSqs, by The Engineering RECORD, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. INTRODUCTION. IN the following pages the Prize and Honorable Mention Designs received in an Architectural Competition instituted by The ENGINEERING RECORD in 1890 are republished. This publication was suggested by the fact that The ENGINEERING RECORD has since that period added a department devoted to the description and illustra- tion of notable industrial undertakings, in which the consideration of the steam and power plants is a conspicuous feature. Though the designs were made specially for Water Towers and Pumping Stations, it is believed the latter will be suggestive to any one designing Power Houses. The Committee of Award consisted of Edmund M. Wheelwright, Architect, Boston; the late John W. Root, Architect, Chicago; F. A. Wright, Architect, New York; Amos J. Boyden, Architect, Philadelphia; Dexter Brackett, M. Am. Soc. C. E., Superintendent Eastern Division Boston Water-Works. The character and scope of the Architectural Competition securing these designs is indicated in the following editorial from THE Engineering RECORD of March 15, 1890: WATER TOWER AND PUMPING STA- TION DESIGN COMPETITION. The Competition for Water Tower and Pump- ing Station Designs announced by The Engi- neering RECORD, December 14 last, has been in every way a handsome success. The time of the competition expired a week ago, with no less than 112 designs received, 56 of each structure, and these with a degree of merit which all who have seen them pronounce remarkable. In our editorial announcing this competition, in referring to the builders of water-works we stated that: "The projectors of such enterprises should not erect structures placed on hill-tops to be an offense to the eyes of this and future generations. The additional expense of beautifying these struc- tures need not be great if the design and execution be entrusted to competent architects. The necessary isolation and altitude of these build- ings is at once a suggestion of the availability of the site as a pleasure ground, the tower itself constituting an admirable central feature readily adapted to the purposes of a lookout. In the case of private ownership it should be borne in mind that in the bestowal of such franchises the community gives, without price, something of sub- stantial value, which might gratefully be in part repaid by the avoidance of an absolutely ugly sore on the landscape at least, if not by throwing open to public enjoyment something of the nature of a public park. We can confidently affirm that the pumping stations can be made pleasing to the eye at no extr^ cost if the design of these buildings be entrusted to well-trained architects." i The work of 17 of the competitors given hon- i orable mention in the Committee's report, in- i eluding those receiving the money prizes, will be \ published in thisjournal,beginning with this issue. While some of these contemplate an archi- tectural treatment more costly than most water- works owners would care to adopt, they, at the same time suggest the possibilities of architect- ural skill in the treatment of this difificult problem, and to the trained designer modifica- tions of these designs readily suggest themselves that would reduce the cost of their execution without essential sacrifice of architectural effect. As one of the results of this competition we hope to see a more frequent employment of skilled architects to design such structures. The following is the report of the Committee of Award. To the Editor of The Engineeking RECORD. The committee invited by you to award two hundred and fifty dollars ($250) in prizes in a competition for designs for water-works pump- ing station and water tower desire to report as follows: The conditions under which we were invited to act were, first, adaptability for the purpose desired; second, architectural design; third, economy in the treatment; fourth, render- ing of drawings. In interpreting these condi- tions, we were led to believe that the general scope and intent of the competition would lead to precedence being given to adaptability rather than to merely artistic expression in the design, and that in considering the merits of the various designs submitted, other things being equal, the design given the higher place should be based upon ordinary and feasible conditions, such as might arise in the average community, rather than upon exceptional or unusual conditions, even if exceeding in artistic merit. We regret that so few designs were presented in which artistic effect had been sought by simple means, rather than by costly and formal architectural devices. It must frequently occur in the execution of work of this -kind that the money at commatid is limited, and the simplest possible architectural expression is the only thing possible. Consistent with this fact we have awarded the first prize to a design which would give valuable suggestion to communities of moderate means called to erect structures of this sort. The order in which we have placed the de- signs is as follows : PRIZES. No. I.—" AQUATIC." Przze, two. Elmer Grey, 904 Winchester Street.Milwaukee, Wis. No. — " TOUR DE FORCE." Prize, I75. Tames C. Green, 183 Amity Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. No. 3-— "NORTH POINT." Prize, %so. R. C. Spencer, Jr., 271 West Chester Park, Boston, Mas.s. No. 4.— "TRYE." No. I. Prize, $25. J. A. ScHWEiNFURTH, 62 Devonshire Street, Boston, Mass. honorable mention. No. 5.— "BY JIMINY." Albert Kahn, 8o Griswold Street, Detroit, Mich. No. 6.—" TO THE POINT." Tames C. Green, 183 Amity Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. No. 7.— "CUT BONO." Lyman A. Ford, 72 Pinckney Street, Boston, M!ass No. 8.— "DON QUIXOTE." Richard Mildner, 479 Dequindre Street, Detroit, Mich. No. 9.— "POSIE." J. McA. Vance, 518 Columbus Avenue, Boston, Mass. No. 10.— "ALERT." O. Von Nerta, 1215 F Street, Washinarton, D. C. No. II.— "GOLLY." (Name not known.) No. 12.— "JUDE." Frank J. Voith, 459 Eleventh Street, Milwau- kee, Wis. No. 13,— "SWISH." Henry C. Pittman, 132 DeKalb Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. No. 14.— "SKETCH FOR SAME." John J. Petit, Garfield Building, Brooklyn, N. Y. No. 15.— "BUONO." Thomas F. Walsh, 115 Monroe Street, Chicago, 111. No. 16.— "H 2 O." A. M. Ryon, Deer Lodge, Montana. No. 17.-" TRYE." No. 2. J. A. Schweinfurth. No. i.^ — -We were of the opinion that the architectural merit of this design was perhaps not so great as in some of the others, but the temperance and nice adaptation of means to end, together with its decided artistic merit, commended it strongly to our favorable notice. It will be found that there isnothingin this design beyond the reach of any well-to-do community. No. 2 was selected for its very marked archi- tectural merit. This design has great vigor, boldness, originality and picturesqueness. The aspect of the tower from all points of view would be beautiful, and the play of light and shade through the large slender openings upon the interior round stand-pipe would be a source of constant and varying beauty. The silhouette of the tower is admirable. We are, however, of the opinion that the conditions emplojed in con- nection with the design, and, indeed, out of which it grows, are of a character so unusual as to make its practical merits inferior to several of the other designs; but while not considering this a fully practical solution of the problem, we consider that its artistic merit warrants the place to which we have assigned it. No. 3. — " North Point." This design is ra- tional, simple and honest, and eminently practi- cal. In the estimation of the committee it would have been placed higher if it had possessed greater artistic interest in the treatment of the tower. Had the silhouette of the tower, as sug- gested in the sketch of the pumping statioir, been more closely followed in the drawing of the tower, it would have deserved a higher place. The treatment of the pumping house itself we consider to be, upon the whole, more fitting than any of the others. No. 4. — "Trye." i. The tower design is well conceived, and would present a notable and attractive feature wherever erected. In the treat- ment there is suggestion of over elaboration, and much of the good detail of the belvedere would necessarily be lost in a distant view, upon which, in structures of this class, special stress should be placed. The pumping station has not the simplicity of treatment properly coincident with such buildings, and is somewhat larger than would be necessary under the conditions of the competition. No. 5. — "By Jiminy," is an interesting and picturesque design well rendered. The general design of the tower is good, but its place in the competition was lowered by the free use about its base of non-essential features, which, in our opinion, contribute very considerably to its pic- turesque effect. The design of the pumping station is also good, though somewhat exag- gerated, and much of its picturesqueness depends upon the skill shown in the rendering. No. 6. — " To the Point." From a purely artis- tic standpoint this design was perhaps the best. Its low place in the competition is attributable to practical defects which might have been over- come by further study. It will be noted from the perspective that the chimney has been omitted, and had this been drawn in the place indicated on the plan, the design would have been very seriously injured. As to the remaining drawings, although pos- sessing interest each in its way, we consider it unnecessary to criticise them in detail. Edmund M. Wheelwright, Boston. John W. Root, Chicago. Amos J. BoYDEN, Philadelphia. F. A. Wright, New York. I3EXTER Brackett, Boston. TOWEK Tffi BE BVltT OF liBiCAlL STOME , WITH TRIMiniirjiIiiS ©P. A PARKER C01fflE *.»».» „ THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— FIRST PRIZE. BY ".■VQUATIO"— ELMER GREY, MILWAUKEE, WIS. Copyright by THE Engineering Record. Copyright bv The Engineering Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— SECOND PRIZE. BY "TOUR DE FORCE."— JAMES C. GREEN, BROOKLYN, N. Y. THE ENCINEERINC RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— THIRD PRIZE. BY " NORTH POINT ''— R. C, SPENCER, JR., BOSTON, MASS. Copyright by The ItNGINEERtNB RECORC. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— FOURTH PRIZE. BY "TRYE I."— J- A. SCHWEINFURTH, BOSTON, MASS. Copyright by THE Engineering Record. wtPfRj mimr ^•/ / *— r^ ■«•* *»™.i. Copyright by The Engineering Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. competitive design for water tower. -honorable mention, no. .. "by jiminy"— albert kahn, detroit, mich. jrminm'f Copyright by The Engineering Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 2. BY "TO THE POINT"— JAMES C. GREEN, BROOKLYN, N. Y. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 3. BY "CUI BONO"— LYMAN A. FORD, BOSTON, MASS. Copyright by THE ENGINEERING RECORD. '&ori GlwrnaTe. WttlljieU- Lidup wiJkoKio iltiir tforxe, rock. f«ce, laid in ^ndorn courfC^ soticn'e fredt, Trirnn>inQS OKiodliie sloie fooled and rtjoned 0?''I^/o^f iobepla'e. Woodwoi-J. out aiMil oiled. Copyright by THE ENGINEERING RECORD. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 4. BY "DON QUIXOTE" -RICHARD MILDNER, DETROIT, MICH. 1 "JPSiSIE ■ stone Wor-KT'to be of Milt'=r'd Granite TrimminQs °f Kibbe s+one Expcised wood wor'/f ^o be of hard P\oe P^oof cover-ed with red ^ile C^ppenfiniols THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER. -HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 5. BV " POSIE "—J. McA. VANCE, BOSTON, MASS. Copyright by THE Engineering Record. Copyright by The Engineering Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 6. BY "ALERT"— O. VON NERTA, WASHINGTON, D. C. (ScWy THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 7. BY " GOLI.y "—HARRY J. CARLSON, ST. PAUL, MINN. Copyright by The Engineering Record. -^^^^iTi ^^.sommw'-'^ ,.i i,n,,, Copyright by The Engineering Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. BY "JUDE"'— FRANK J. VOITH, MILWAUKEE, WIS, Copyright by The Enginberincj Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER. -HONORABLE MENTION, NO. p. BY "SWISH "-HENRY C. PITTMAN, EROOKYLN, N. Y. Copyright by The Engineerixg Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. competitive design for water tower.— honorable mention, no. io. by "sketch for same ''- john j.. pettit, brooklyn, n. y. (J_X:c\'«6incK-lft)ot piffln of Og^it {)torq -• -.,^ f 1 ^r^^i'^'^^;^'^^' f^: .J^'i^^ ^^'^ ;:THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. ii. BY " BUONO "—THOMAS F. WALSH, CHICAGO, ILL. Copyright by THE ENGINEERING RECORD. lb ~(^ l-l. k o ltd T-o I Ho,^j a TTohe will,, rIve Kj^.'cliimnc gri. u|Drd Vvitli iT. jiA.jsl.ojeiS' ro fee wW,iiL J1.0 ofei^r.i-L oHver Cubiilffrcrl by W'-O Copy^i^:ht by The Engineering Record, THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. competitive design for water tower—honorable mention, no. by "h2o '-j. a, hackett, detroit, mich, THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR WATER TOWER.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO 13. BV "TRYE 2 ■'- J. A. SCHWEINFURTH, BOSTON, MASS. Copyrig-ht by The Engineering Record. SUGGESTIONS FOR PUMPING, POWER AND ELECTRIC LIGHT STATIONS [yJEMST fUm FLAH- It* PESCRIPTION- ■ « THE STATION TO BE BHLT W LOCM, flVARRY STOiTE IftYEIJ m RANimoM lOVKSES ,'thE TWlMmBrdiS OF BROVEDi WSHEK , THE CBRmCES or STOME , JUIMIID THE BMAMIE A HMHT BOtK FME' TOE EOOF SHJlll. BE CfflVJBEEIB WITH AKRM.OIHHO MED TBE,, 'MMINJi , CKSTIMffl AN» riPriAiiS mim ov tikra-cotta » it shah BE SrPPOETlED JBT WPOIEN TRV.SSIES WITH IRON TIE RtlllS, THE FfliEMIEK imtV IMSIM ,WITH eaRKYifiATHl.IRlBM » BOUER AMI* EffiaiNE KfflOM TO BE riMISHEB mSIDE WITH PMSSEIB IKKK ^ VENTII.ATfllRS. FOK SAME TO »PEM ©N R4W1F ffl REAR OT Mimon OF ctriTtR auproRTiriG piua i» nPCHD UroK LOCItTIM or funtf SECTIM TnROVIiH aNE A-B THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION.— FIRST PRIZE. liV "A9UATJ0"--EIvMEK QKEY, MILWAUKEE, WIS, /gijr rrajTT— ; Jower And Subopdinj^tc Duileli'n^»> -j-o be byilp o\<\ J'\CT\t\ f»rO¥/p Drick, with RnK, Cire-ni^C Trunin m^-. PncK to **« l^'i "^ mortor and. cemen^ (no^ coloreAj C(r-&n"tc !■> ''^ lc\id, i"n wKit'C nuir'tor an6.' ccmcnc •1 dressed.. "(t, color- iron. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION.— SECOND PRIZE. BV "TOUR DE FORCE"— JAMES C. GREEN, BROOKLYN, N, V. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION,— THIRD PRIZE. BY "NORTH POINT '— R. C. SPENCER, JR., BOSTON, MASS, Coal-bunl2'y.^4-'e[ cocil-i'Dor^ Zi'x ^2'i ctfMcir 7'clear ur^dar- pvTrip rooo?. Boilerj n- i;aun)p Oi? bricK A 5toi?e fou^dcitio^^ Scale t'mo*" J^or wGiglji!?^ coal. S^terior wallj faced wil"|? grci^ ^ai^d ^to^G aj^iai'G'x-s* tl?iCK ; bricK backi|?c[ ; cor^crtp-l'e foU^dci+iop? . Wt iror? roof ti-uj^ej T ifoj; pUi'lt;?^ 'jupportiijg jjollow fWe'j • covering red S(saij]_<}b tiJGj; gi/lter^ co^t n'o^? copper- '.irjod e^jn^pey ('fire Isoxe'; It^ed witj? firu fericK "piooiM^g bricK or/ edge ti? cei^e^t; n^cicadcirpized ■Motto: ' fliert' THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIG:! FOR PQIiIPING STATION.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 6. BY "alert"— O. VON NERTA, WASHINGTON, D. C. Copyright by fHE SngIneeriNg RecoRd. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 7, BY " GOLLY "—HARRY J. CARLSON, ST, PAUL, MINN, "~^ m m. F-~~ Copyright by THE Engineering Record. THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. competitive design for pumping station.— honorable mention, no. BY "JUDE''— FRANK ;. VOITH, MILWAUKEE, WIS, poller room T^ Ijj, ar^fed 119 jrQip\ op Tile Taaf Cellcn-- To CchtIoiit vx.c. , rroi-j'l 'ETeva^fo*-) t JL-i . 'Joi THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION.-HONORABLE MENTION, NO. 9. BY "SWISH"— HENRY C. PITTMAN, BROOKLYN, N. Y. J-jstpficii ' walij fo be "fact^J vvitb T\omai-2_ bncl<- and -trimmeio with warfn coloitJcl "T^oof •fe) bf" ■tilf-'rl . \Mi b c^lojed bile (< — . ©^fc^TTh cvf- l^t-m-ipiny ®/4citrb THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. lo. BY "SKETCH FOR SAME"- JOHN J. PETTIT, BROOKLYN, N. Y. Copyright by The Engineerixg Record. J^^&TcnaW. tMarh of sekckd F({man bricks and sand skimmer ^ranile. Kpuf fbhe of redOpanish file Interior of pump roonand fki/krrooiv^'fibe faced iwfh l^manlmlf Whodaurk. red oak, f/nilficJm oiL Chimneu foja i>f ca^t iron. . Ho\i: hSh room for firemon. in cellar cinder (^inib fciiktroom. f^et-r Jteyoilon ;3eaifti'«h-lfeof THE ENCINEERINC RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION.-HONORABLE MENTION, NO. ii. BY " BUONO "—THOMAS F. WALSH, CHICAGO, ILL, □n I a D a a a D n Q D DfSiQQa Idq D a a D a a a D do u a r /,^i ) oj "Ramloiiirj^ 2>*"o.rioii SmolCc 'obc ooi-LNcy ed '^y o.ii, ^aiixe tLi.ixn.el «v5 ''h-c vvo.i"ei -^^^(i.l^ Juo' -j-rum. ]3w.niJjiPi.^ nP Cu-biiiitred by H'O. 5'ide E le vcyf'oi- rco-lp ^ 'iFLoi; THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPETITIVE DESIGN FOR PUMPING STATION.— HONORABLE MENTION, NO. IJ. BY "H2O"— J. A. HACKETT, DETROIT, MICH. ■5ECTI ON- PVM P- RM T R Y E ?:■• \ — THE ENGINEERING RECORD COMPETITION. COMPET.TCVE DES.GK FOR PUMP.NG STATION.-HONOUABLE MENTION, NO. X3. BV "TRYE 2--J. A. SCHWEINFURTH, BOSTON, MASS. The Engi Founded fourteen years ago and prior InSCMnfi! '^o 1887 known as r^^ ___ ^ Sanitary Engineer, n tuUnU ^^ ^^^ recognized au- ""^"^"^"^^ thority on Municipal and Building Engineering. It has sub- scribers in all countries where there are engineers who can read English. Recently it has been enlarged by the addition of a department conducted, as is its custom, under the advice of an expert, in which notable indtistrial plants are regularly de- scribed and illustrated, the steam and power plants being a conspicuous feature. Among the Industrial Plant articles published are: The Great Ivorydale Plant of Messrs. Proctor & Gamble. Described in 23 columns, 57 Illustrations. Steam Plant at Ivorydale. 13 columns, J/ Illustrations. The New Foundry of Henry R. Worthing- ton at Elizabethport, N. J. 16 columns, 26 Illustrations. National Meter Company's Foundry and Brass Finishing Shop, Brooklyn, N. Y. 13 columns, 29 Illustrations. Niagara Power Plant (now in process of publication). 6 columns, b II lust ra- tions. Steam Power Plant of the Dwight Man- ufacturing Company, Chicopee, Mass. 9 columns, 7 Illustrations. Machinery Hall Steam Power Plant. 8 columns, b Illustrations. Boiler Plant at Curtis Davis & Co.'s Soap Works. 4 columns, 4 Illustra- tions. Protection of Underground Steam Pipes. 4 columns, 4 Illustrations. The Ejector. 6 columns, g Illustrations. Miscellaneous Steam Power Matter, in- cluding articles on Test of the Utica Steam Plant, Electrical Transmission of Power for Cotton Mills, Accident to a Buckeye Engine, Tall Chimneys, The Running Qualities of Factory Engines, Performance of a Heavily Loaded Cor- liss Engine at High Speed, Utilizing Exhaust Steam in Woolen Mills, Rotary Engines, The Standard Smoke Con- sumer, Value of the Steam Jacket, Ex- periments in Cylinder Condensation, Care of Steam Boilers, etc. " The success of this publication has been marked in many ways; not only has it become a source of profit to its projector but it has been of incalculable value to the general fiublic whose interests it has alwiys served." — Cin cin n a t i Gazette. *'lt stands as a fine example of clean and able journalism . —Railroad Gazette. It is published every Saturday. $5 per year to United States, Canada and Mexico— $6 to other countries. Sample copies and list of its publica- tions free. Address, THE ENGINEERING RECORD , 277 Pearl Street, New York. December 10, 1893. CONTRACTORS for Municipal and Government Work and Manufacturers of Engineering and Building Supplies, will find every week in the Proposal Advertiseirjents and Contracting Nev/s columns of The Engineering RECORD, important items indicating the wants of the U. S. Government and Municipal Authorities, Water Companies, Building Committees of • Public Buildings, etc. Information will be found there each week not elsewhere published. WATER-WASTE PREVENTION : HOT-WATER HEATING AND FITTING, Its Importance and the Evils Due to its Neglect. With an account of the Methods adopted in various Cities in Great Britain and the United States. By HENRY C. MEYER, Editor of The Engineering Record. With an Appendix. PRESS COMMENTS. ' ' Though small in size it is a work which represents a good deal of solid work. With the amount of information which it contains it ought to prove of no small use to the city governments of the country. It is a vaae mecum for water commission- ers, and will be a valuable little text-book for every water board in America. Briefly, Mr. Meyer's object is to show, by a com- parison between the systems and results in different cities in America and England, how much money is annually wasted in the shape of water in our larger cities for the want of proper precautions, and how those precautions had best be taken. * * "= Mr. Meyer's book is well got up, his arguments concisely stated, and his facts and figures well tabulated and arranged, the result being the production of a work which carries conviction with it, and which ought to be of no small value to the larger cities of the country in the future."— 7I/z«- neapolis Tribune, ' The author of this timely book is par- ticularly adapted to deal with the ques- tions he discusses. But tew have given the subject so much attention, and no one could treat it more impartially. He is not only intimately acquainted with the water- supply of American cities, but has person- ally investigated the plans adopted for curtailing water- waste in various cities in Great Britain, the results of these investi- gations appearing in this work. "As our cities increase in population, and new cities spring up, the demand for more water correspondingly increases. At the same time the water-supply is dimin- 'ishing, and that which would otherwise be available is rendered unfit for use by the contamination of sewage and the re- fuse of manufactories. It is conceded that the inhabitants of a city should be supplied with all the water they can use. It is not with the use, but with the waste of water that the author deals," — American Ma- chinist. LARGE 8VO. BOUND IN CLOTH. $1.00. **♦ Sent post-paid on receipt of price. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, p. o. BOX 3037. 277 Pearl Street, New York. Road Constru ction and Maintenance. The widespread interest in the improvement of our highways makes this little publication valuable to everybody interested in the subject which it treats. SOME PRESS " In the year 1890, The Engineering Record instituted a prize competition for essays on road making and maintenance. There were 21 essays received, eight of which are reprinted m the book before us. The judges who made the awards were Messrs. F. CoUingwood, Edward P. North and James Owen, and they give some com- ments and criticism on the papers presented. Ihe little book should be in the hands of every road supervisor, or county board having charge of road making and repairs. It will tell them how to make and keep a good road, and may have an indirect in- fluence in calling public attention to the need of good roads, which awakening of public opinion is more immediately needed than the knowledge of how to make the roads." — Engineering and Mining Jour- nal. * * * "Interesting particulars are given as to earth, sand and clay roads, and a description of brick pavements, which, as far as we are aware, have not been tried in England. With regard to the maintenance of macadamized roads, very great stress is laid upon drainage of the subsoil, selection of the best available material, constant repair, and the use of the steam roller is most strongly advo- cated, points which, we fear, are two often neglected in our own country roads. One of the essayists draws a parallel between the civilization of a people and the condi- tion of its roads. We recommend all those interested in the improvement of our " ways " to obtain this little book." — The Builder, London, England, July g. * * * " Very handy and fairly good summing up of the best modern practice for country roads, particularly when read with the notes of the committee." — Rail- road Gazette, New York, COMMENTS. " One of the most timely and interesting works which has issued from the technical press of late, is the one published by The Engineering Record, of New York, with the title, ' Road Construction and Main- tenance.' This very useful work is a re- print from The Engineering Record of three prize essays on road making and maintenance. * * * Popular and of the widest utility. Another good feature of this work is the criticisms of the essays accepted by the judges or committee of award, who are well-known, eminent civil engineers. " — Boston Herald. ' ' It consists of several prize essays by expert road builders and engineers, and it contains a vast amount of highly interest- ing and valuable information that might be useful to those who are trying to solve the road problem. A clear understanding of the views of experts and practical men who have had experience is not going to delay the cause of road reform, or hinder the hopes of those who seek it. More light on the subject will be useful." — Davenport (Iowa) Democrat. # « « ■■ Deserve careful considera- tion in view of the inferior character ol our public roads compared with the noble highways of the leading European states. The.se essays, the result of a competition instituted by The Engineering Record, are reprinted from that periodical." — The Spy, Worcester. "A series of prize essays by practical road builders, containing many sugges- tions of value to highway commissioners, road superintendents and others inter esfed in the very important matter of bet- ter roads. These essays were originally printed in The Engineering Record."— Burlington Hawk-Eye. Cloth, SI. Paper, 60 Cents. Sent, post-paid, on receipt of price. Liberal discount to clubs. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street, New York. BY >?S^ILLIAM: J. BALD"VVIN. ^M!- ^• A TREATISE on the practice of warming by HOT-WATER, with modern methods, described and explained. The book contains much of the matter on this subject which has appeared in the columns of The Engineering Record, together with a large amount of additional original data. The volume is a large 8vo. handsomely bound in cloth and fully illustrated, 2>9^ PP- Among the questions treated are the following ; The cause of the circulation of the water within heat- ing-apparatus. Motion explained by the use of diagrams. How to find the velocity ot the flow of water in pipes of an apparatus. Simple formulae explaining the laws which govern the flow of water in an apparatus. Diagrams showing the co-ef!ici<^nts of the curve of the expansion of the water. Diagram showing the velocity of water in feet per second when the height from which it flows is known . The use of the diagrams in estimating the flow of the water through the apparatus. Table of the quantity of water in U. S . gallons of the water that will pass through pipes of a given di- ameter. Table giving the friction loss in inches of the water head for each ten feet of length of different sizes of clean iron pipes discharging given quantities of water per minute. The loss of head by friction and resistance of elbows. Saving by long radius elbows. Saving by smooth elbows. Resistance caused to the flow of water by elbows and return bends. Resistance caused by valves, etc., and how it may be made less. How to find the flow of water through main pipes of an apparatus. To find the quantity ot water that will pass in U. S gallons when the total head is known. To find the diameter of a pipe for a given discharge of water. To find the discharge of pip^s for given diameters. How to compute radiating surfaces. Experiments of Tredgold and Hood in warming sur- face. Experiments of modern investigators on radiators. How to find the amount of water that should pass through a radiator todo certain duty. How to determine the size of inlet and outlet to hot- water radiators. How to estimate the quantity of water that should pass through .1 radiator for a loss of 10 degrees. Diagram giving the diameter of flow and return pipes when the radiating surface and the length of the pipes are known. Experiments illustrating use cf diagram in the piping of buildings. The different systems of mains used in hot-water heat- ing. Treatment of single circuits. Branch circuits. Compound circuits. How to proportion the apparatus for indirect heating . Heat given off per square foot of surface. Loss of heat through walls and windows of a room. Heat lost by ventilation — how to consider it. How to find heating surface of a room warmed by in- direct radiation. Comparative experiments with hot-water coils. Diagram of sizes of main pipes for indirect radiation Examples of buildings warmed by hot water. Boilers used in hot-water apparatus. Direct and indirect radiators used in hot-water appa- ratus. Expansion tanks and how they should be used . Special fittings for hot-water apparatus. How to conduct experiments in testing the efficiency of hot-water radiators. How to control fires by the heat of water. The whole containing a large amount of practical and useful information of great value to the Engineer, Architect, Mechanic and Householder, Sent (post-paid) on receipt of $4.00. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street, New York. Some Details of Water -Works Construction. By W. R. BILLINGS, Superintendent of Water- Works at Taunton, Mass. With Illustrations from Sketches by the Author. Introductory Note. Some questions addressed to the Editor of The Engineering- RECORD by persons in the employ of new water-works indicated that a short series of practical articles on the Details of Constructing a Water-Works Plant would be of valtie ; and, at the suggestion of the Editor, the preparation of these papers was undertaken for the columns of that journal. The task has been an easy and agreeable one, and now,, in a more convenient form than is afforded b^ the columns of the paper, these notes of actual experience are oBEered to the water-works fraternity, with the belief that they may be of assistance to beginners and of some interest to all. Table of Contents, Chapter I.— MAIN PIPES— Materials — Cast-iron — Cement-Lined Wrought Iron — Salt-Glazed Clay — Thickness of Sheet Metal — Methods of Lining — List of Tools — Tool-Box — Derrick — Calking Tools — Furnace — Transportation — Handling Pipe — Cost of Carting — Distributing Pipe. Chapter IL— FIELD WORK— Engineering or None — Pipe Plans — Special Pipe — Laying out a Line — Width and Depth of Trench — Time-Keeping Book — Disposition of Dirt — Tunneling — Sheet Piling. Chapter III.— TRENCHING AND PIPE- LAYING— Caving — Tunneling — Be 11- Holes — Siony Trenches — Feathers and Wedges — Blast- ing-Rocks and Water — Laying Cast-Iron Pipe — Derrick Gang — Hand ling the Der- rick — Skids — Obstructions Left in Pipes — Laying Pipe in Quicksand — Cut.ing Pipe. Chapter IV. — PIPE - LAYING AND JOINT-MAKING— Laying Cement-Lined Pipe — ' Mud'" Bell and Spigot — Yarn — Lead— Jointers — Roll — Calking — Strength of Joints- Quantity of Lead. Chapter V. -HYDRANTS, GATES, AND SPECIALS- CHAPTER VI.— SERVICE-PIPES— Definition — Materials — Lead vs. Wrought Iron — Tapping Mains for Services — Dif- ferent Joints — Compression Union — Cup. Chapter VII.— SERVICE - PIPES AND METERS— Wiped Joints and Cup-Joints — The Law- rence Air-Pump — Wire-drawn Solder- Weight of Lead Service-Pipe— Tapping Wrought-Iron Mains— Service-Boxes— Meters. HANDSOMELY BOUND IN CLOTH. Sent, post-paid, on receipt o/$2.oo. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearu Street, New YORK In Press— will be published about Jan. I, 1893. Over 500 pp.-206 Illustrations. VENTILATION AND HEATING, By JOHN S. BILLINGS, A. M., M. D., LL. D. Edinb. and Harvard. D. C. L. Oxou. Member of the National Academy of Sciences. Surgeon, U. S. Army, etc. FROM THE PREFACE. IN preparing this volume my object has been to produce a boolc which will not only be useful to students of architecture and engineering, and be convenient for reference by those engaged in the practice of these professions, but which can also be understood by non- professional men who may be interested in the important subjects of which it treats ; and hence technical expressions have been avoided as much as possible, and only the simplest formulae have been employed. It includes all that is practically important of my book on the Prin- ciples of Ventilation and Heating, the last edition of which appeared in 1889 ; but it is substantially a new work, with numerous illustrations of recent practice. For many of these I am indebted to The Enginkering record, in which the descriptions first appeared. I am also indebted to Dr. A. C. Abbott for much valuable assist- ance in its preparation, and to the architects and heating engineers who have furnished me with plans and information, and whose names are mentioned in connection with the descriptions of the several buildings, etc., referred to in the text. JOHN S. BILLINGS. Washington, D. C, December, 1892. TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I.— Introduction. Utility of Ventilation. CHAPTER II.— History and Literature of Ventilation. CHAPTER III.— The Atmosphere ; Its Chemical and Physical Proper- ties. CHAPTER IV.— Carbonic Acid. CHAPTER v.— Conditions Which Make Ventilation Desirable or Necessary. Physiology of Respiration. Gaseous and Particulate Impurities of Air. Sewer Air. Soil Air. Dangerous Gases and Dusts in Particular. Occupations or Processes of Manufacture . Drying Rooms. CHAPTER VI. —On Moisture in Air, and Its Relations to Ventilation. CHAPTER VII.— Quantity of Air Required for Ventilation. CHAPTER VIII.— On the Forces Concerned in Ventilation. CHAPTER IX.— Examination and Testing of Ventilation. CHAPTER X. — Methods of Heating. Stoves. Furnaces. Fireplaces. Steam and Hot Water. Thermostats. CHAPTER XL— Sources of Air Supply. Filtration of Air. Fresh-Air Flues and Inlets. By-passes. CHAPTER XII.— Foul-Air or Upcast Shafts. Cowls. Syphons. CHAPTER XIIL— Ventilation of Mines. CHAPTER XIV.— Ventilation of Hospitals and Barracks. Barrack Hospitals. Hospitals for Contagious Diseases. Blegdams Hospi- tal. U. S. Army Hospitals. Cambridge Hospital. Hazleton Hospital. Barnes Hospital. New York Hospital. Johns Hopkins Hospital. Hamburg Hospital. Insane Asylums. Barracks. CHAPTER XV.— Ventilation of Halls of Audience and Assembly Rooms. The Houses of Parliament. The U. S. Capitol. The New Sorbonne. The New York Music Hall. The Lenox Lyceum. CHAPTER XVI.— Ventilation of Theaters. Manchester Theaters. Grand Opera House in Vienna. Opera House at Frankfort-on- the-Main. Metropolitan Opera House, New York. Madison Square Theater. Academy of Music, Baltimore. Pueblo Opera House. Empire Theater, Philadelphia. CHAPTER XVII.— Ventilation of Churches. Dr. Hall's Church, New York. Hebrew Temple. Keneseth-Israel, Philadelphia. CHAPTERXVIII.— Ventilation of Schools. Bridgeport School. Jack- son School, Minneapolis. Garfield School, Chicago. Bryn Mawr School, near Philadelphia. College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. CHAPTER XIX.— Ventilation of Dwelling Houses. CHAPTER XX. — Ventilation of Tunnels, Railway Cars, Ships, Shops, Stables, Sewers. Cooling of Air. Conclusion. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, Sent, Post-paid, on Receipt of $3.00. Steam-Heating Problems; OR, Questions, Answers, and Descriptions relating to Steam-Heating and Steam-Fitting, From The Sanitary Engineer, Since 1887, THE ENGINEERING RECORD. (With One Hundred and Nine Illustrations.) The Engineering Record has always made a special feature of its departments of Steam and Hot-Water Heating, in which a great variety of questions has been answered and descriptions of the work in various buildings have been given. The favor with which a recent publication from this office, entitled " Plumbing and House- Drainage Problems," has been received suggested the publication of " Steam-Heating Problems," which, though dealing with another branch of industry, is similar in character. It consists of a selection from the pages of The Sanitary Engineer, since 1887, The Engineering Record, of questions and answers, besides comments on various problems met with in the designing and construction of steam-heating apparatus, and descriptions of steam-heating work in notable buildings. It is hoped that this book will prove useful to those who design, construct, and have the charge of steam-heating apparatus. , CONTENTS : THE ENGINEERING RECORD. 277 Pearl Street, New York. BOILERS. On blowing off and filling boilers. Where a test-guage should be applied to a boiler. Domes on boilers : whether they are necessary or not. Expansion of water in boilers. Cast vs. wrought iron for nozzles and magazines of house-heating boilers. Pipe-connections to boilers. Passing boiler-pipes through walls: how to prevent breakage by settlement. Suffocation of workmen in boilers. Heating-boilers. (A problem.) A detachable boiler-lug. Isolating-valve for steam-main of boilers. On the effect of oil in boilers. Iron rivets and steel boiler plates. Proportions for rivets for boiler-plates. Is there any danger in using water continuously in boilers ? Accident with connected boilers. A supposed case of charring wood by steam-pipes. Domestic boilers warmed by steam. VALUE OF HEATING-SURFACES. Computing the amount of radiator-surface for warming buildings by hot water. Calculating the radiating-surface for heating buildings — tfe" saving of double-glazed windows. Amount of heating-surface required in hot-water appa- ratus boilers and in steam-apparatus boilers. Calculating the amount of radiating-surface for a given room. How much heating-surface will a steam-pipe of given size supply ? Coils vs. radiators and size of boiler to heat a given building. Calculating the amount of heating-surface. Computing the cost of steam for warming. RADIATORS AND HEATERS. A woman*s method of regulating a radiator (covering it with a cosey). Improper position of radiator-valves. Hot-water radiator for private houses. Remedying air-binding of box-coils. How to use a stove as a hot-water heater. " Plane " vs. " Plain " as a term as applied to outside surface of radiators. Relative value of pipe on cast-iron heating surface. Relative value of pipe on steam-coils. Warming churches (plan of placing a coil in each new). Warming charcbes. PIPING AND FltTING. Steam-heating work— good and indifferent. Piping adjacent buildings : pumps vs. steam-tratw. True diameters and weights of standard pipes. Expansion of pipes of various metals. Expansion of steam-pipes. Advantages claimed for overhead piping._ Position of valves on steam-riser connection. Cause of noise in steam-pipes. One-pipe system of steam-heating. How to heat several adjacent buildings with a single apparatus. Patents on Mills' system of steam-heating. Air-binding in return steam-pipes. Air-binding in return steam-pipes, and methods to over- come It. VENTILATION, Size of legisters to heat certain rooms. Determining the size of hot air-flues. Window ventilation. Removing vapor from dye-house. Ventilation of Cunard steamer " Umbria." Calculating sizes of flues and registers. On methods of removing air from between ceiling and roof of a church, STEAM, Economy of using exhaust steam for heating. Heat of steam for different conditions. Superheating steam by the use of coils. Effect of using a small pipe for exhaust steam-heating. Explosion of a steam-table, CUTTING NIPPLES AND BENDING PIPES. Cutting large nipples— large in diameter and short in length. Cutting crooked threads. Cutting a close nipple out of a coupling after a thread is cut. Bending pipe. Cutting larg^e nipples. Cutting various sizes of thread with a solid die. RAISING WATER AUTOMATICALLY. Contrivance for raising water in high buildings. Criticism of the foregoing and description of anothef devide for a similar purpose. MOISTURE ON WALLS, Etc. Cause and prevention of moisture on walls. Effect of moisture on sensible temperature. MISCELLANEOUS. Heating water in large tanks. Heating water for large institutions and high city buildings. Questions relating to water-tanks. Faulty elevator-pump connections. On heating several buildings from one source. Coal-tar coating from water-pipe. Filters for feeding house-boilers. Other means of clarifying water. Testing gas-pipes for leaks and making pipe-joints. Will boiling drinking-water purify it ? Differential rams for testing fittings and valves. Percentage of ashes in coal. Automatic pump-governor. Cast-iron safe for steam- radiators. Methods of graduating radiator service according to the weather. Preventing^ fall otspray from steam-exhaust pipes. Exhaust-ccmdlGas^ £or preventing fall of spray from steam- exhaust pipes. ^ Steam-beating apparatus- and- plenum (ventilation) system in Kalamazoo Insane Asylum.. Heating and ventilation of a prison. Amount of heat due to condensatton of water. Expansion-joints. Resetting of house-heating boilers —a possible saving ot fuel. How to find the water-line of boilers and position of try-cocks. Low-pressure hot-water system for heating buildings in Englaad (eonimeiatSt by The Sanitary Engu- neer). Steam-heating apparatus in Manhattan Company^s and Merchants' Bank Building, New York. Boilers in Manhattan Company's and Merchants* Bank Building, with extracts from specifications. Steam-heating apparatus in Mutual Life Insurance Building on Broadway. The setting of boilers in Tribune Building, New York. Warming and ventilation of West Presbyterian Church, New York City. Principles of heating-apparatus, Fine Arts Exhibition Building, Copenhagen. Warming and ventilation of Opera House at Ogden»- burg, N. Y. Systems of heating houses in Germany and Austria. Steam pipes under New York streets— difference be- tween two systems adopted. Some details of steam and ventilating apparatus used on the continent of Europe. MISCELLANEOUS QUESTIONS. Applying tiaps to gravity steam- apparatus. Expansion ol brass and iron pipe. Connecting steam and return risers «t their tops. Power used in runninfj hydraulic elevators. On meltingsnow in the streets by steam. Action of ashes street fillings on iron pipe. Arrangement of steam-coils for heating oil-stills. Converting a steam-apparatus into a hot-water a.ppa* ratus and back apain . Condensation per foot of steam-main when laid under ground. Oil in boilers from exhaust steam, and methods of pre* vention. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street, New York. WATER-WORKS DIAGRAMS A COLLECTION OF DIAGRAMS Representing the General Plan of TWENTY-SIX DIFFERENT WATER-WORKS, Contributed by Members of the New England Water-Works Association, A,nd Compiled by a Committee. Published by THE ENGINEERING RECORD. Sent Post Paid on Receipt of $2.00, ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERINQ RECORD, 277 Pearl 'Street, New York. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES; THEIR Collection; Storage; Distribution; Engineering; Plant; Purity and Analysis A DIGEST AND INDEX TO VOLUMES V.-XVIII. OF THE ENQINEERINO RECORD. (Prior to 1SS7, The Sanitary Engineer.) Compiled by D. WALTER BROWN, Ph. D. 8vo., 342 Pages, Price, $2.00. Address, Book Department, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street, New York. P. O. Box 3037. THE BERLIN VIADUCT RAILWAY. WITH 23> ILLUSTRATIONS. REPRINTED FROM THE ENGINEERING RECORD. (Prior to 1887, The Sanitary Engineer,') PRICE, 25 CENTS. NEW YORK, DECEMBER, 1891. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, * THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street, New York. THE THAMES RIVER BRIDGE AND APPROACHES. Report by Alfred P. Bolier, Chief Engineer, to the General Manager of the New York, Providence & Boston R. R. A DESCRIPTION OF THE LONGEST DRAW-SPAN IN AMERICA. Only a small edition of this valuable work has been published. This book will be found to be a valuable addition to the engineer's library. Sent, Post-paid, on Receipt of $5.00. address, book D£PARTM£NT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street. New Yopv AN INDEX XO MATTER PERTAINING TO SEWERAGE and SEWAGE DISPOSAL IN.VOLUMES V.-XVI!., (December 1881— June 1888) OF THE ENGINEERING RECORD . (Prior to 1887. The Sanitary Engineer.) Compiled tay DANA C. BARBER, C. E. LARGE 8VO., CLOTH, $2.00. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street, New York. 8vo. Cloth, 4 i O pp. Price $5.00. PAVEMENTS AND ROADS; THEIR CONSTRUCTION and MAINTENANCE. reprinted from THE ENGINEERING RECQRD- CoMPiLED BV E. G. LOVE, Ph. D. THIS book is a compilation of articles which have appeared in recent volumes of THE ENGINEER- ING RECORD, edited with a view of eliminating whatever was of timely or local interest, and arranged bv divisions for convenience of use. The science of paving and the need of projjer maintenance ol pavements is yet comparatively little understood in this country, and the same is true in even greater degree with regard to roads. The editor of the journal named was led to give the matter special attention by seeing what was done in Europe, during his visits there, and finally began an investigation of work on streets and roads in England, France and other countries, the result of which was the gathering of a large and very valuable mass of information in regard to the subject. Of this everything likely to be of practical use in America was printed in THE Engineering RECORD, and is given here in more convenient shape. With it appear'B a large quantity of matter from American sources, including the prize essays on Road Construction and Maintenance submitted in the competition instituted by the jourual named in December, i88(}. It will be seen' that thesrreatbulkof the book is made up of records of experience and statements of cose in dilTerent places. The comments are based on this experience. TABLE OK CONTENTS. PART 1. Chapter I.— STONE PAVEMENTS. Construction of, in Liverpool— Paving Inspec- tion—Specifications in New York — Violation of Specifications— Paving Material. Chapter U.— WOOD PAVEMENTS. Construction of, in London— Cost and Dura- bility—Specifications for Materials— Wood Pavements in Paris and other Cities — Sanitary Aspects— Necessity of Maintenance. CHAPTER III.— ASPHALT PAVEMENT. Nature and Uses of Asphalt— Pavements in the United States, Paris and Berlin— Cost and Maintenance of in London and Liverpool- Renewals— Injury by Gas — Slipperiness— Af- fecting the Value of Property. CHAPTER IV.-BRICK PAVEMENTS. Clays, and the Manufacture of Paving Brick —Crushing Strength - Use in American Cities —Construction and Durability — Specifica- tions-Miscellaneous Road Metaling Material CHAPTER V. - CURBS, SIDEWALKS AND TRAMWAYS. Artificial Stone for Curbs— Footpaths in Eng- land— Asphalt and Concrete for Footpaths- Liverpool Tramways. CHAPTER VI.— STREET OPENING— MAINTE- NANCE. Liverpool Excavation Contract — Opening and Reinstating Pavements — Requirements in New York- Maintenance of Pavements in London— Cleaning London Pavements. Chapter VII.— NOTES. Experience with Various Pavements in Lon- don—Traffic in Paris and in American Cities —Iron Wheelways— Effect on Health of Noisy Pavements— Tests of Durability— Contracts Guaranteed. part II. ROADS: CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTE- NANCE. Repair and Maintenance— Common Roads in France— Road Making— Improving Country Roads — Specifications — Legislation — Mac- adam Roads— Herschell's Treatise on Road Making — Methods of Superintending Con- struction and Repairs. PART III. PRIZE ESSAYS ON ROAD CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE, submitted in the Competition instituted by The Bn irineering Record. Report of Committee of A ward. Abstracts of Essays receiving Honorable Mention. A Plea for .Esthetic Considerations in Road Making. . Comments on the Prize Essays by the Com- mittee of Award. Sent Post-paid on Receipt of Price. ADDRESS, BOOK DEPARTMENT, THE ENGINEERING RECORD, 277 Pearl Street, New York (Prior to 1887, The Sanitary Engineer.) Obtainable at London Office, 92 and 93 Fleet Street, London, Eng. Price, 25.?. SOME PRESS COMMENTS. A most creditable and seaiionable compilation. It is decidedly the best collection of data on this impor- tant subject that has yet appeared in book form. — Engineering News^ June 21, iSgo. * * * It should have a place, especially in the oflices of street and county commissioners, where its sug- gestions might soon contiibute greatly to the commercial welfare, safety and convenience of thousands of communities in our land. — Iron Age^ June ig, 1890. The art of road making is very imperfectly understood. There is little improvement from costly experience in most parts of our couttry. Experiments tried in one city are repeated in otheis tor the benefit of contractors and holders of patents-^who ascribe failures to local conditions. The streets of our cities are continuallv torn up to try some new kind of pavement or manner of using materials on hand. Traffic upsets all the calculations of engineers, and makes havoc with roads which are fit only for pleasure drives. A great want evokes many expedients and inventions. This book gives a record o* the more important ones and comments on the trials made, more or less extecded and successful. — Metal Worker June 21, 1890. The book contains a large amount of valuable ii.formation coHected from various sources, including records of experience with pavements of various kinds, methods of construction and maintenance adopted in this country and in Europe, and other matter of a similar kind; most of it practical and easy of application. Is is on a subject upon which ioiormation is much needed, and wh'ch has been too generally neglected in this country, and the book is therefore likely to be of much service to engineers. » * • This treatise is the first American work 00 the subject which has appeared in a considerable time. » ♦ * It is well worth a careful reading by all who are interested in the sak^zat..— Railroad and Engineering journal futy, 1890. That eicellent technical journal, the Engineering Rec:ird (New York), has for several years been pub- lishing special articles and information from every available source concerning road miking. The publLshers have now issued a volume compiled from those articles with the title, " Pavements and Roads ! their Construc- tion and Maintenance," tbe coiajii\at\onhe\iig, done by E. G. Love, Ph. D. Matter of merely tempoiary or local interest has been eliminated and the remainder arranged by divisions for convenience of use. The result IS a porily volume, packed closely with practical information concerning paving and road making in the Old World and the New. the great bulk of the book being made up of records of experience and statements of cost in different places with comments based on this experience. The work is a whole library on this special subject and its practical value is seli-cvident.— Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 8, i8go. The literature of road makins! is surprisingly small, and this is partly the consequence and partly the cause of the gross ignorance generally shown m all pans of this country by those who have charge of the expenditure of public money for roadbuildiuK and repairs. The study of the science ol road making has not been especially attractive to engineers, for the reason that the rewards are small and not comparab'e, either in amount or in duration of employment, with those to be received in other branches of engineering The editor of The Engineering Pecokd has assiduously cultivated the few » * * members of the profession who have made unbiased and thorough studies of economical pavement and road construction, and drawn from them for publication in his journal the best results of their experiences. The volume which he has had compiled from the series of papers and discussions evoked, contains over 400 octavo pages of the most essential and profitable information on the subject at present available .—Railroad Gazette, June 6 iSoo ■