Maryland Fighters In 
 The Great War 
 
 RAYMOND S. TOMPKINS 
 
CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 GIFT OF 
 
 Estate of 
 Jefferson C, Grinnalds 
 
D STO.BSmTAt'""""' '"""' 
 3 1924 027 819 881 
 
MARYLAND FIGHTERS 
 IN THE GREAT WAR 
 
 By 
 RAYMOND S. TOMPKINS 
 
 1=" 
 Staff Corrtspondent of The Baltimore Sun 
 teitk the A7n«rieanExpeditionary Forces inFranee 
 
 1919 
 
 Published by 
 
 THOMAS & EVANS PRINTING CO. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
Copyright, 1919 
 
 A. S. ABELL COMPANY 
 
 All Rights Reserved 
 
 
Personal 
 
 AMERICAN EXPED(TIONARY FORCES 
 OmCE or THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEr 
 
 France, March 18, 1919 
 
 He, Baymond S* Tompkins, 
 
 Baltimore Sim Correspondent, 
 Hotel St* James,' 
 Paris. 
 
 Ify dear Mr* Tompkins: 
 
 It gives me great pleasure to ex- 
 press n^ appreciation of the services 
 you hare rendered to the Army and to 
 the public at home during your stay with 
 the American Expeditionary Forces* 
 
 You have had exceptional opportun- 
 ities for observing the battles in which 
 our troops were engaged, and the various 
 stages of development of our Army, and 
 you have written fully and intelligent- 
 ly on this to the American public. You 
 have had the responsibility of keeping 
 the American people in touch v;ith the 
 Army and its activities, and you have 
 performed these duties, especially as 
 regards the troops of Maryland and 
 Virginia in a highly satisfactory manner, 
 so that it may be said in no war has an 
 Army been supported by a better in- 
 formed or more intelligent public opinion. 
 
 Very truly yours. 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924027819881 
 
FOREWORD 
 
 In sending Raymond S. Tompkins to France as its staff 
 correspondent, the purpose of The Sun was to establish him 
 as a connecting link between the Maryland Men over there 
 and the Maryland men and women back here. , It did this 
 not only because of the big news value of having its own man 
 with its own people, but because it appreciated the vital im- 
 portance to those left behind of having someone with those 
 boys, chaxged with the duty of sending back home the story 
 of what befell them on French soil. Had this not been done, 
 Maryland, to-day, would still not have known the history of 
 the flower of the State's manhood that went to France. It 
 would have had no connected account of the lives and doings 
 of their sons "over there" by an eye-witness. 
 
 The correspondent of The Sun was the only newspaper 
 man with the Maryland forces in France. He lived with 
 them both in the training camps and at the front. He was 
 with them when they went into action and on the march. He 
 saw them fight and he saw them die, and he is the only man 
 in a position to really write their story — ^the story of the 
 soldiers of Maryland and their part in the war. Through the 
 columns of The Sim and The Evening Smw, in a series of 
 more than 100 letters and cables from France, he kept the 
 Maryland people in touch with the men of Maryland in 
 France. In this book he has assembled and presents in con- 
 secutive and narrative f ormi the history of the Maryland units 
 that went "over there". It is a thrilling story, graphically 
 and truthfully told. 
 
 The Sun is proud of Tompkins and of Tompkins' work 
 as a war correspondent. He had his share of hardships and 
 of dangers. He mjet the problems of the censorship and of 
 the delays and difficulties incidental to writing dispatches on 
 the firing-line, and he mleasured up in a big way to his job. 
 
 Frank R. Kent, 
 Managing Editor of The Sun. 
 
INDEX TO CHAPTERS 
 
 THE STOEY OP THE 115TH. 
 
 Page 
 
 I. The Old Guard Dies; the 115th Is Bom 13 
 
 II. The Time of Despair— and The "Big Ordera" 18 
 
 III. Prance, Billets and The Pront 23 
 
 IV. The 115th Goes In 29 
 
 V. The 115th 's Pirst Pight 33 
 
 VI. The Quiet Sector Awakes 39 
 
 VII. Into The Argonne Mght 47 
 
 VIII. The End of The "Invincible Verdun Line". . 50 
 
 IX. "We Are Going Ahead!" 57 
 
 X. The Last Pight 62 
 
 THE STORY OP THE 313TH. 
 
 XI. Baltimore's Citizen Soldiers Go To War 67 
 
 XII. Up To Verdun Por The "Greatest Battle".. 72 
 
 XIII. Montfaucon! 80 
 
 XIV. The Pight Beyond the Hill 89 
 
 XV. "Shooting Trouble" Above Verdun 94 
 
 XVL Hill 378, Et Al 98 
 
 XVII. In At The Death 104 
 
 THE ARTILLERY PROM MARYLAND. 
 
 XVni. The Luck of The "Big Gun Men" 109 
 
 XIX. Maryland's "Pirst-to-Pight" Go In 118 
 
 XX. Prom The Argonne To The Rhine 128 
 
 XXI. Maryland's Coast Defenders in Prance 136 
 
 • * * « * 
 
 XXII. We Come To The End of The Story 143 
 
 Appendix 149 
 
 Maryland's Honor Roll 173 
 
To A CERTAIN GREAT CLAN OF YOUNG AMERICANS 
 WHO DISCOVERED THAT HUMAN ENDURANCE HAS 
 NO MEASURABLE LIMITS; THAT LIFE IS A LONG HIKE 
 AND A BRIEF NAP, A GOOD SMOKE, AND A CLEAN GUN; 
 AND THAT DEATH IS ONLY A SNIPER ■» ■« TB ■« ■« 
 
The Story of the 1 1 5th 
 
11 
 
 Chapter I 
 THE OLD GUARD DIES; THE 115TH IS BORN 
 
 f'robably 50,000 Maryland men fought in the Great War. 
 That is a rough estimate — ^the only possible sort of estimate 
 for several years. But when it does become possible (if it 
 ever does), to arrive at an absolutely accurate reckoning, 
 the actual total will be found to be neither far below nor far 
 above 50,000. 
 
 Most of the difficulties in reaching an accurate reckoning, 
 will arise when future historians come to consider the Miary- 
 land men who fought with the British or French before 
 America came into the war. There will be another diffi- 
 culty when they come to consider the individual Marylanders 
 scattered throughout units in the American Army — ^units 
 that were not entirely Maryland units. 
 
 So that while we are trying to acquaint this generation 
 with the big things Maryland soldiers did in Prance we must, 
 for the sake of accuracy and coherence, stick pretty dc^ely 
 to the bigger Maryland units — ^the fighting organizations 
 whose men were entirely or almost entirely Maryland men, 
 roaming up and down the battle-fields of France like great 
 warring clans, with a single great set of traditions spurring 
 them on, and a single great commonwealth praying and 
 cheering for them back home, adding its voice to the chorus 
 of all the great commonwealths that made the nation. 
 
 And because, when war was first declared, the only or- 
 ganizations of soldiers to Which either the commonwealth 
 or the nation could look for action were the National Guard 
 organizations, we shall begin to tell the story of the Mary- 
 land fighting men in France by telling the story of the fight- 
 ing men who came from the old Maryland National Guard. 
 "We say "old National Guard;" we might more accurately, 
 perhaps, call it "late National Guard." But nobody likes 
 to think of the National Guard as dead, for the things its 
 disciples did in France are deathless things, and whether or 
 not everybody else forgets who its disciples were, the 
 disciples themselves never will forget. 
 
12 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Up to the month of August, 1917, the history of the Na- 
 tional Guard of Maryland could be molded, and was molded, 
 by the people of the State. They were Maryland's own sol- 
 diers. They could be just as great in numbers as the 
 patriotic youth of the State wanted them to be, and they 
 could be just as well equipped and trained as their high 
 officers, who were in some measure State officials, saw fit. 
 
 But in that month, they were soldiers of the whole United 
 States and the State of Maryland had ceased to have any- 
 thing to do with them. They were far off from Maryland, 
 way down in Alabama in a training camp, unlearning most 
 of the things they had learned when they were State sol- 
 diers — learning new things in a new way. They were to be 
 trained to fight not merely a national enemy but a world 
 enemy. 
 
 Maryland had stopped making their history for them. 
 They had become a part of the history of the United States, 
 and they were to become a part of the history of the woiid. 
 
 The United States, having its own ideas about the making 
 of history, began with the National Guard a "stripping" 
 process. It stripped its regiments of regimental pride by 
 the simple expedient of tearing them into shreds. It stripped 
 the National Guard of its identity by simply ceasing to call 
 it "National Guard." It became unpatriotic to call it 
 "National Guard." It stripped officers of their commis- 
 sions, companies of their officers, soldiers of their friends in 
 the ranks. 
 
 And so, with the deepening of the shadow of war — or 
 rather with the tightening of the grip of war's all-grasping 
 talons (for by that time the shadow had gone) — ^the Mary- 
 land National Guard came to be hardly more than a memory. 
 
 By July, 1918, a message from France that even went so 
 far as to mention the word "Maryland" was scrutinized as 
 suspiciously as though "Maryland" were a code word. For 
 another of the United States' ideas about the making of 
 history was embodied in a rigid censorship of news about our 
 Boldiers. 
 
 And now with the war over and the distrust, the fear and 
 the suspicion gone, we can talk and read and listen to the 
 news that was never printed and that never will be printed 
 
THE OLD GUARD DIES; THE 115tH IS BORN. 13 
 
 —as news. It may not all be good to listen to, but we can't 
 do anything about that now as we might have then — ^when 
 it was news. It is only history, and we can only feel sorry 
 over the regrettable things. 
 
 Happily, in the history of the Maryland National Guard's 
 part in the war there are few regrettable things to tell, not 
 «ven excepting the tales of the men who died; for they died 
 as befitted brave American soldiers, and that is not regret- 
 table. 
 
 There were three infantry regiments in the State National 
 Guard when it went to Anniston, Ala., in August, 1917. They 
 were the First Regiment, composed of men from the counties, 
 and commanded by Col. Charles A. Little, of Hagerstown; 
 the Fourth, of Baltimore, commanded by Col. Harry C. 
 Jones, and the Fifth, of Baltimore, commanded by Col. 
 Washington Bowie, Jr. There were also three batteries of 
 field artillery, and there was a field hospital company, an 
 ambulance company and a troop of calvary. 
 
 Altogether they formed a brigade, or at least they con- 
 tained the elements of an infantry brigade; tables of or- 
 ganization for a brigade did not include either artillery, 
 medical units or cavalry. But Maryland knew them all as 
 parts of the Maryland National Guard Brigade, and they all 
 went to Anniston in that month of August, under the com- 
 mand of Brig-Gen. Charles D. Gaither. General Gaither, 
 shortly after his arrival at Anniston, underwent his first 
 "stripping." He ceased to become a general officer in the 
 National Guard and was commissioned in the "National 
 Army. ' ' 
 
 The infantry regiments had virtually the full numerical 
 strength required of infantry regiments in those days. In 
 Baltimore and in the counties volunteers ha'd steadily joined 
 the ranks of the IMrst, the Fourth and the Fifth — ^not rapid- 
 ly or in droves, but steadily — so that when they were mus- 
 tered into the Federal service they were pretty complete. 
 Maryland turned them over to the nation as they were, and 
 was proud of her gift. 
 
 Nobody knew what was going to happen next, but nobody 
 quite expected what actually did happen. It was expected, 
 of course, that through the natural processes always attend- 
 
14 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 ant upon training for a great task there would be changes 
 in the Maryland National Guard Brigade before it went to 
 France. But the changes that actually occurred came as 
 something of a shock. 
 
 One fine morning the birth of the One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth Infantry Regiment was announced. What travail, 
 what agonies of disappointment, what sorrow and what re- 
 joicing attended its birth some Maryland people already 
 know. To create it the First, Fourth and Fifth Maryland 
 Regiments had been picked to pieces, their colonels, majors, 
 captains and lieutenants plucked out and set aside and their 
 men jumbled and scrambled. The Fourth Regiment was al- 
 most entirely lopped off, so that this new One Htindred and 
 Fifteenth was made up principally of the men of the First 
 and Fifth, though there were a few of the Fourth's men in 
 it and several of the Fourth's officers. 
 
 "The old National Guard is gone," the older soldiers said. 
 "The Regular Army tyrants have had their way with it at 
 last. They've been trying to ruin it for years, and now 
 they've done it. They've made us what we are today; we 
 hope they're satisfied." Some of the officers saw in the 
 thing a much-needed reorganization, but most of them saw 
 nothing but the ruin of a fine old State institution. With 
 the ruin of their old regiment and the loss of their old com- 
 rades went the ruin of their hopes. 
 
 "At last we're on our way to the war; we'll be leading 
 the grand old outfits in battle," they had thought When they 
 started for the South. And when they got to the South, 
 both they and the grand old outfits were "scrapped" for the 
 pielting pot. So those who didn't agree with their gloomy 
 view at least understood how they felt. 
 
 The natal day of the One Hundred and Fifteenth was not, 
 therefore, a universally happy day. It began life under a 
 handicap. It was "misunderstood." 
 
 Furthermore it lived in the midst of a hot-bed of misun- 
 derstanding. It had become a part of the Twenty-ninth Di- 
 (vision, the other parts of which were outfits similar to the 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth, similarly misunderstood. The 
 Twenty-ninth Division had been builded upon the ashes of 
 the military pride of four States and the District of Col- 
 
THE OLD GUARD DIBS; THE 115tH IS BORN. 15 
 
 umbia. New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia had 
 all given their National Guard regiments, sending them ofE 
 with gifts of flags and gifts of swords and banquets by the 
 Ladies' Auxiliaries, and in Anniston, Ala., at Camp McClel- 
 lan, it all came to nothing. They had to hide the flags 
 and swords and they had to forget the banquets. 
 
 More "misunderstood" things happened, and there was 
 more "stripping." General Gaither was examined by army 
 physicians in Washington and declared physically unfit for 
 the hard campaigns of Europe. Brig.Gen. Harry H. Band- 
 holtz, of the regular army, succeeded him. Colonel Little, 
 commander of the old First Regiment, had been given com- 
 mand of the One Hundred and Fifteenth. That had been 
 fine news; at least the broken and jumbled Maryland Na- 
 tional Guardsmen would fight under a Maryland officer. 
 Then he, too, stepped down, and a regular army officer, Col. 
 Prank B. Watson, took command. 
 
 Meanwhile the regiment was undergoing a course of train- 
 ing in the sort of fighting the armies in Europe were doing. 
 The men had never had such training as that before. By 
 day they dug and fought dummies and marched and fired 
 their rifles and jabbed things with their bayonets, and by 
 night they studied. They had almost no leisure. When 9.30 
 o'clock came and taps sounded they were through for the 
 day and they went straight to bed. They had to. 
 
 Discipline more rigid than anything they had dreamed of 
 governed every move they made — governed even their 
 thoughts, for they could afford to think of little else. The 
 division commander, Maj.-Gen. Charles G. Morton, had ac- 
 quired a reputation for thoroughgoing discipline before he 
 had taken command of the Twenty-ninth Division, and then, 
 with other division commanders, he had gone to France for 
 a brief study" of the war. His ideas of discipline before he 
 went away were mild compared to what they were when he 
 came back. 
 
 There were great discussions (very secret ones) about Gen- 
 eral Morton. PranMy they thought he was "carrying 
 things too far." Why, he was even making them lace their 
 shoes straight across instead of zig-zag! What difference 
 did it make, for Heaven's sake, how a soldier laced his shoes? 
 
16 MARYLAND MGHTEKS IN THE GBEAT WAR. 
 
 Did Old Man Morton think that made a man a good soldier ? 
 Whatever Old Man Morton's thoughts were on the subject 
 they were very firm, two-fisted thoughts, for many a good 
 man stayed confined to his tent because he hadn't seen "any 
 sense " in keeping his pocket flaps buttoned or had saluted 
 with a cigar in his mouth or laced his shoes as he pleased. 
 
 It was a trying era for the Maryland National Guard — 
 this first phase of its training at Camp McClellan. It didn't 
 understand. It thought it was being brow-beaten, bullied 
 sacrificed. And it never would have understood, and would 
 probably have failed as a fighting regiment if it hadn't 
 stopped trying to understand. 
 
 The moment that happened it ceased to be a bunch of dis- 
 gruntled men jealous of the loss of its old officers, angry at 
 losing its old comrades, peevish at the high command of the 
 division, and it became a regiment. It stopped trying to 
 understand simply because these strange, new things piled 
 up so rapidly on its shoulders that it just got weary of try- 
 ing — and because of one other thing. 
 
 The long, hard winter of 1917-1918 passed slowly. Jan- 
 uary brought rumors that the Twenty-ninth Division (by 
 this time named "The Blue and Gray Division"), was about 
 to start for France. Rumors come and go and nobody pays 
 much attention to them after a time, but there is a strange 
 circumstance in the history of this particular rumor. Short- 
 ly before it began to circulate it had a real basis in fact. 
 The Twenty-ninth Division actually was scheduled to sail for 
 France in January, 1918. 
 
 But it didn't sail. General Morton had come back from 
 France and found things in very unsatisfactory shape. Dur- 
 ing his absence his whole scheme of discipline had fallen 
 flat. He had begun to build up a sense of the necessity for 
 discipline, and he had left the division in other hands before 
 he had finished building. He returned to fiaid drill sched- 
 ules demoralized, the military police falling into lax ways, 
 officers staying out at night and things generally upset. 
 
 On the face of things everything looked well, but General 
 Mortdn was never satisfied with the face of things. And he 
 didn't have to probe very deep beneath the surface this 
 time to discover how deceptive appearances were. The 
 
THE OUD GUARD DIES; THE 115tH IS BORN. 17 
 
 division was inspected, orders to sail were canceled and 
 things started all over again. 
 
 Ajad while no one c£in put his finger on the exact moment 
 or tfe €^ct day when the National Guardsmen in the Twen- 
 ty-ninth stopped trying to buck discipline, one can say, 
 speaking generally, that it stopped shortly after General 
 Morton came back from France. And here we come to the 
 "one other thing" to which I attributed their sudden con- 
 version to General Morton's ideas. 
 
 They knew they had played while the cat was away. They 
 knew they had not been soldiering. They had had to live and 
 work for awhile without him and now that he was back they 
 were confronted with two pictures of themselves, the one 
 showing the hard, stern-willed soldier who forgets himself 
 in his love and pride for the regiment, the brigade and the 
 division, and the other showing the half-baked soldier who 
 thinks there is nothing to it but wearing a uniform and an- 
 swering the calls. And the first picture looked better. 
 
 I have dwelt a bit upon this phase of an evolution in which 
 the One Hundred and Fifteenth took part because their be- 
 havior in battles was directly attributable to this complete 
 change in their characters. Men less endowed with the 
 ability to think and act in terms of an organization or a 
 machine instead of in terms of themselves could never have 
 weathered the hardships they weathered, or endured the 
 physical and mental shocks they endured. 
 
 In some degree the same thing happened in every other 
 division that, finally through submission to discipline, a1> 
 tained fitness for fighting, so that in this respect the story 
 of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment of Maryland 
 is the story of the whole American Army. In this thing lies 
 the answer to the whole hue and cry about the incom- 
 patibility between armies and democracies. Of course, an 
 army is not a democratic institution. It is democracy's sa- 
 crifice, to be made only when democracy's larger interests 
 require the building of an army that will win. 
 
18 MARYLAND FIGHTEBS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter II. 
 THE TIME OF DESPAIR— AND THE "BIG ORDERS." 
 
 It is a glorious fact in the history of the One Hundred 
 and Fifteenth that General Morton's return was less of an 
 embarrassment to it than to any other outfit in the Twenty- 
 ninth Division. For at this point it was beginning to be dem- 
 onstrated that there was something uncommonly good about 
 the Maryland National Guard. Whenever there was a i?e- 
 view Division Headquarters always remarked how well the 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth had marched. It always seemed 
 to execute maneuvers with a little more snap than you saw 
 elsewhere around Camp McClellan. "When its officers had 
 a job to do, such as laying out a rifle range or conducting a 
 "shoot," things seemed to move with great smoothness and 
 military eclat. And it always stood high in the office of the 
 Division Inspector. 
 
 The fact is that the One Hundred and Fifteenth had a 
 blessed heritage of birth and breeding that had descended 
 to it from the old Maryland National Guard Brigade. There 
 was no hereditary taint of politics in the blood of the One 
 Hundred and Fifteenth. As nearly as a- hastily recruited, 
 desultorily trained organization of National Guardsmen 
 could be soldiers, these men from Maryland were soldiers 
 when they first came to Anniston. Their high commander. 
 General Gaither, was a soldier. He was an enemy of "tom- 
 foolishness" — a hater of "twaddle." Under him the Mary- 
 land National Guard had very closely approached the pure 
 military efficiency the regular army fondly believed it had 
 monopolized; and the One Hundred and Fifteenth Infan- 
 try was his own — ^picked by hand. 
 
 If anybody had sought in the Twenty-ninth Division for 
 an excuse why the National Guard should ever have existed 
 at all, or should continue to exist, they would have found the 
 best excuse in the One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment 
 from Maryland. 
 
 All over the division, then, men heard that General Mor- 
 ton was bacK and took a brace-up. There was much excited 
 
THE TIME OF DESPAIR — AND THE "bIG ORDERS." 19 
 
 whispering, as though a bunch of schoolboys, surprised in 
 the midst of a prank by the stern old professor, were won- 
 dering what was going to happen. "Won't the Old Man 
 raise Cain though!" That was the feeling in Camp McClel- 
 lan. The atmosphere was tense with expectancy. Where 
 would the bombs drop first? 
 
 It was really rather disappointing — there weren't any 
 bombs. Just a tightening of loose screws and nuts around 
 the division, as though it were an automobile that had begun 
 to rattle and knock. It was all done gradually, but the men 
 sensed it in the smoother running of the machine, and they 
 were glad. ♦From then on, to be a backer of Morton's dis- 
 cipline was to "belong." 
 
 An overwhelming engerness to be off and into the fighting 
 seized upon the whole division, and disgust at the delay 
 succeeded impatience with discipline. Discipline was noth- 
 ing now. They would do anything — anything — if only they 
 could get to France. And disgust at the delay came gradually 
 to be succeeded by black despair. 
 
 For it began to be rumored that the Twenty-ninth ^as go- 
 ing to be a "depot division." Back in August, 1917, nobody 
 would have known what a depot division was, but shortly 
 after that August everybody had learned what a "depot 
 brigade" was. It was the place where all the men and officers 
 had been sent who didn't quite fit into the divisional scheme 
 either because they were too old or temperamentally unfitted 
 to command, or, because there wasn't room for them in the 
 newly formed organizations. After that, the depot brigade 
 was the source of supply and the training school for the 
 division. Where men first chosen for a chance in the divis- 
 ional organization failed to toe the mark other men were 
 picked from the depot brigade and given a chance in their 
 places. 
 
 A depot division then, they figured, would be the same 
 thing in an army that a depot brigade was in a division. 
 The Twenty-ninth would be picked to pieces to fill gaps in 
 other divisions that were going to France intact. It would 
 be broken up, scattered, ruined, just like the old National 
 Guard regiments. That was the talk around camp and 
 everybody was desolate. They knew then that a new pride 
 
20 MAKYJAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 had succeeded the old pride in the old National Guard — 
 a pride in the name of the Blue and Gray Division, and a 
 sense of honor that would not be satisfied unless they could 
 stay "with that division and fight with it and win. 
 
 When a batch of men left the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 to go to a balloon school in Texas, it was as though something 
 had been cut away with a knife. When another batch was 
 called to go to another camp and join a division that was go- 
 ing overseas immediately, it was as though an arm or a leg 
 had been shorn off. Several such groups were taken from 
 the One Hundred and Fifteenth and groans of despair went 
 up every time. Newspaper men hanging around camp looked 
 with horror upon strength reports at Division Headquarters 
 which showed that several hundred men had left the division 
 within a few weeks. 
 
 "They'll never send the Blue and Gray over now," men 
 thought, and they could almost prove that they were right. 
 The division was far under war strength. And any replace- 
 ments that were brought in would have to start at the very 
 beginning of a training period, and the war would probably 
 be over before they were fit. The doom of the Twenty-ninth' 
 seemed sealed, and it was a time of agony. Backsliders in 
 little details of discipline and "weak sisters" on the train- 
 ing fields were scorned and blacklisted. Nothing in the world 
 seemed so desirable as going to France as a member of the 
 Blue and Gray Division. 
 
 Then every week or so a new bunch of officers would be 
 sent away to the School of Fire at Fort Sill, Okla. How long 
 would the course be ? men would inquire. Three months ! Ye 
 gods! The division would grow stale. They searched them- 
 selves anxiously for symptoms of staleness. Sometimes they 
 thought they were working too hard; again they thought 
 they weren't working hard enough. . And many were the 
 twinges of conscience at the thoughts of those August days 
 when they had voted Old Man Morton a "brute" and a 
 "martinet." Thus early these boys were feeling the regrets 
 of the oldster, who wishes he had studied harder and played 
 less "hookey" as a youngster. It sobered them, making 
 them grim and thoughtful. 
 
 Along in the spring of 1918 Colonel Watson went and the 
 
THE TIME OF DESPAIR — AND THE "bIG ORDEKS." 21 
 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth came under the leadership of 
 the great soldier who afterward took it through the war and 
 brought it home— 'Colonel Milton A Reekord, of Belair. 
 And here Marylanders should know something of Colonel 
 Watson, to whom the regiment owes some of its success. 
 
 He was a small, slender, snappy man — an old regular 
 officer, a West Pointer. At about the time he succeeded 
 Colonel Little, Colonel Reekord, then a lieutenant-colonel 
 went to the school at Fort Sill. In their old condition of 
 mental unrest they might have made relations between him 
 and themselves difficult and embarrassing, but in the state of 
 education they had reached under General Morton, they had 
 received the new colonel with a quiet attitude of readiness 
 for anything he might want to do. 
 
 Colonel Watson had won them from the start. He smiled, 
 that was the main thing. He rebuked men and disciplined 
 them with a smile — ^not a meaningless, perfunctory smile, but 
 a smile that meant "I understand all about it, and it makes 
 me feel happy to get a chance to talk to you personally, and 
 to know that you didn't mean to go wrong and won't do it 
 again." So he seldom had to rebuke an officer or a man 
 many times; it was so much easier and pleasanter to keep 
 him happy by trying to do things right. 
 
 He had a big room in the regimental infirmary just across 
 from the Post Exchange fitted up as an officers' club, and 
 it became an "Open Forum" for the regiment. Several 
 nights a week the Colonel and the officers would meet there 
 and after a bit of piano banging and harmonizing the Colonel 
 would get up and want to know how things were going. If 
 nobody had much to say on that subject the Colonel could 
 always be depended upon to say something himself, and to 
 say it with such a funny, dry grin and with such a wealth 
 •of droU humor that it was a joy to ' ' get bawled out. ' ' Some 
 of his jokes and stories are classics in the regiment yet. 
 
 Thus Colonel Watson go't the utmost in co-operation 
 throughout the regiment in his own ideas of training, and 
 they were good, solid ideas. By often putting the whole out- 
 fit in the field or on the road as a unit, in maneuvers, hikes 
 and practice reviews, he developed in it a sort of "feel" of 
 the organization. He made the regiment a living thing that 
 
22 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 you could almost put your hand on and control, like an 
 engine. 
 
 He went directly from the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 to the general staff in Washington and this promotion came 
 largely as a reward for the good work he did with the Mary- 
 landers. 
 
 Colonel Eeckord came back from Fort Sill before he left. 
 Undoubtedly he could have done what Colonel Watson did 
 with the regiment in its plastic stage; certainly it never 
 went back a step after he took it over. Under him, it de- 
 veloped and improved. It came to be recognized as the best 
 regiment in the Twenty-ninth Division, and that is not a 
 careless statement flung out to feed the pride of Maryland 
 people; it is a fact. It was Greneral Morton's "model regi- 
 ment." 
 
 But it was still on this side of the Atlantic Ocean and over 
 on the other side was the war. Among the few things it 
 lacked was contentment of mind. The "depot division" 
 spectre still stalked around Camp McClellan. 
 
 I left that place in the last week in April, knowing a thing 
 that most of the 25,000 men there would have given three 
 months' pay to have established as a fact. The Blue and 
 Gray Division was about to be ordered to France. 
 
23 
 
 Chapter III. 
 FRANCE, BILLETS AND THE FEONT. 
 
 On the 6tli of May, 1918, I left Baltimore, and on the 8th 
 I sailed from New York on the French Line steamer Bs- 
 pagne, which landed me at Bordeaux on the 18th. A feeling 
 of the necessity for secrecy about ocean travel was strong 
 upon everybody in those days, what with spy scares and sub- 
 marine talk. It was strong upon me ; I sneaked around New 
 York for two days, battling with indifferent French and 
 British consuls in an effort to have completed immediately the 
 passport vises that they insisted required a week and, being 
 finally successful, pussy-footed down to the boat feeling aU 
 the time as though I should have on a set of false whiskers 
 and a pair of green goggles. But no submarines bothered 
 the Bspagne. 
 
 And when I got to Paris and located press headquarters 
 I sidled in and whispered an inquiry regarding the where- 
 abouts of the Twenty-ninth, receiving the cold reply de- 
 livered ia a voice that any spy within a radius of half a 
 block might have heard that press headquarters had not the 
 slightest idea. Whereupon they proceeded to cut out of some 
 stories I had written the names of Major (now Colonel) 
 George Walker and Capt. Andrew Lowndes, both of whom 
 were down in Bordeaux — a circumstance that Von Hinden- 
 burg was apparently very anxious to know. 
 
 Thus I bumped into the censorship. And if this was the 
 censorship what, I wondered, would happen to the stuff I 
 might write about the Twenty-ninth Division, which would 
 be even more interesting to Von Hindenburg, who, of course, 
 got The Sun every day in the mail? It was a discouraging 
 outlook. 
 
 But press headquarters in Paris finally "came through" 
 rather handsomely. Returning there on June 30 after a 
 visit to the Chateau Thierry front, the Toul sector, the Johns 
 Hopkins Base Hospital and the Baccarat sector, where I had 
 found the One Hundred and Seventeenth Trench Mortar 
 Battery, I was informed that the Twenty-ninth Division was 
 
24 MARYLAND FIGHTEKS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 in France and might be found in the Tenth training area, 
 with headquarters at Prauthoy. I was given a pass to go 
 there, an order to report to the commanding general of the 
 division, a letter to him and a complete set of the newest 
 censorship regulations which appeared to give a correspond- 
 ent the authority to write the date, the fact that this was the 
 country known as France, to send his best regards and to 
 sign his name.' 
 
 I did not learn until a few days later that for several 
 weeks Lieut, Samuel Merritt and Lieut, (later Capt.) Harry 
 Butler had been in France along with other officers of the 
 Twenty-ninth, arranging billets for the whole division. 
 
 The Twenty-ninth had completed its debarkation at the 
 port of Brest on June 27, and when the first arrivals reached 
 the Tenth Training Area on July .2, I was waiting for them 
 on the station platform at Prauthoy. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifteenth went to Champlitte, 
 about 20 kilometers from Prauthoy. The other units of the 
 Blue and Gray were scattered throughout the area in a score 
 or more of small villages. Colonel Reekord's headquarters 
 and the headquarters of General Bandholtz, the Fifty-eighth 
 Brigade commander, were in Champlitte, and parts of the 
 Third Batalion commanded by Major (later Colonel) Charles 
 B. Finley were in two small villages about eight kilometres 
 from Champlitte. But most of the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth was in Champlitte. 
 
 It was the biggest village in the area with a population of 
 about five or six thousand, and the arrival of the Maryland 
 men increased it about 50 per cent. There never had been 
 any more than enough houses in the place to accommodate 
 the natives, and this sudden influx of nearly 3,000 men all 
 requiring places to sleep and eat and move around, dis- 
 arranged things considerably for the Champlitte folks. But 
 they hagl already housed one division, and while they were 
 not exactly used to it by this time, they were ready to do 
 whatever they could. They made the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth very welcome. 
 
 The whole regiment was settled in France by July 3. It 
 had been traveling for three days across the country from 
 Brest in box-cars, but at that stage of its experience there 
 
FRANCE, BILLETS AND THE FRONT. 25 
 
 was nothing terrible about a box-ear trip with 40 men in a 
 car sleeping and eating on heaps of straw. It couldn't 
 make them forget that they were at last in France, with the 
 doubts and fears about the chances of the Twenty-ninth all 
 behind them, and with the division's and their own oppor- 
 tunities all before them. But for that lapse from grace back 
 in the winter of 1917, while General Morton was in France, 
 they would have been up there now in a quiet sector, and 
 the history of America's rush to the rescue in June and 
 July would have been in part the history of the Blue and 
 Gray. But it had its chance now. 
 
 With real American adaptability they settled into the life 
 of the village of Champlitte quickly enough to arrange a 
 celebration of the Fourth of July. Immediately after din- 
 ner bugles sounded in the streets and columns began pour- 
 ing down all the side alleys and cow-paths. Little Mayor 
 Briard, wearing a farmer's straw hat, with his broadcloth 
 frock coat, took up his stand on the curb of the Boulevard 
 de la Eepublique outside Madame Boussenard's house, where 
 General Bandholtz was living, and, with the City Council 
 around him, reviewed the regiment. 
 
 That was the One Hundred and Fifteenth's first exhibi- 
 tion of itseM to the people of France; it was France's first 
 sight of a regiment of Maryland troops on parade. 
 
 When it was over the Mayor and the City Council were 
 all escorted down to a second-floor room that had already 
 been fitted up as an officers' club. There the One Hundred 
 and Fifteenth Regiment opened its first champagne and 
 drank the health of France represented by the Grovemment 
 of the village, and France drank health and success to the 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment. 
 
 I wrote as much of the story as I thought would pass the 
 censor, mentioning the waving of wine-glasses, which 
 sprinkled the heads of the Councilmen. The censor let it 
 aU pass except the part about the sprinkling. "It may make 
 the reader think everybody was drunk," he said sagely. 
 
 The censor was afraid, too, of mention of the fact that the 
 high plateau to the south of the village on which the regi- 
 ment drilled every day had been an old battle-field in the 
 days when Caesar and the Gauls warred together; and from 
 
26 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 a description of the old castle, then being used as the town's 
 Hotel de Ville or City Hall, he cut out the name of the 
 castle's ancient owner and occupant, the Count de Toulong- 
 eon. All of which matters were, of course, unimportant, but 
 tended to show how the men of the old Maryland National 
 Guard had been at once backed up against the historical set- 
 tings of the France they had come over the ocean to save. 
 They had become a part of traditions almost as old as the 
 world. 
 
 But when were they going "up there"? 
 
 That was the question now. They had been as full of 
 queries as a bunch of children at a zoo when they arrived 
 in the training area. In which direction was the front, they 
 wanted to know. Could you ever hear the guns back here? 
 How many miles away was it? Their questions of each 
 other, of visitors, of themselves, were all about the front — 
 "up there" they called it. And when they had found out 
 everything that newspapers three days old couldn't tell them, 
 they wanted to know when they were going there, and noth- 
 ing else. 
 
 There was terrific fighting on the Marne at that time. 
 The Germans' great offensive of March 21, 1918, had been 
 stopped; but at Chateau Thierry a salient was deepening 
 slowly, pointing at Paris. Would the Blue and Gray be 
 thrown in there to stem the tide? It seemed logical, and, 
 the wish being father to the thoughts around every mess 
 table in the Tenth Training Area, it seemed likely. The 
 Blue and Gray had developed great faith in itself by this 
 time. "Put us in there and we'll kick 'em for a goal!" 
 That was the spirit they had. 
 
 A week passed — ^two weeks. Nothing happened but drills, 
 driUs, drills— daylong maneuvers, patroUing, searching out 
 ghost enemies in the hills where the French armies of the 
 days of peace had maneuvered every summer. How long 
 had the division that preceded them in the training area 
 stayed there? A month they learned. So they sorrowfully 
 resigned themselves to staying there around Champlitte and 
 Prauthoy for at least a month, and kept plugging. 
 
 They resigned themselves too soon. Almost two weeks to 
 the day, they were on the move to the front. 
 
FRANCE, BITJ.KTS AND THE FRONT. 27 
 
 The orders came very secretly. Nobody except the com- 
 manding general of the division,^ a few staff officers and the 
 brigade commanders knew where the Blue and Gray was 
 going. 
 
 They pulled out on the night of July 17, three days after 
 a celebration of the French Independence Day — ^Bastille Day 
 — in which they had marched as they had marched on our 
 OAvn Independence Day 10 days before. They went away in 
 the darkness toward the trains of box cars that were wait- 
 ing nearly 20 kilometers away. 
 
 No man of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Eegiment who 
 made that hike will ever forget it. They had thought they 
 were hardened old hikers after the all-night march from 
 Piedmont to Anniston, Ala., back in the palmy old days of 
 the early spring of 1918. That had been a 25-mile affair 
 under fuU packs, starting about 9 o'clock at night and end- 
 ing about 6 o'clock next morning. Men had dropped by the 
 wayside, some had marched the last few miles in their sleep, 
 but fewer had failed in the One Hundred and Fifteenth than 
 in any other regiment. So they thought they knew all about 
 hiking. And they actually did know everything about every 
 sort' of hiking but the sort combat regiments have to do when 
 they move up to the front. 
 
 The last few days before the orders came had been spent 
 in receiving new equipment. It had come in by carloads and 
 included all the things the allied armies had been using in 
 the war for the previous four years. There were automatic 
 rifles, gas masks, steel helmets, extra pairs of hob-nailed 
 shoes, extra uniforms, extra blankets, machine-guns — every- 
 thing they would need for an immediate fight that might 
 last several weeks. 
 
 AU these things were on each man's back when he started 
 out on that night of July 17, and in addition there was 
 strapped around his waist a full belt of ammunition, and in 
 his pack, besides aU the things he had carried there on the 
 night hike in Alabama, were reserve rations for two days. 
 
 A kilometer is but little more than half a mile, and there 
 were only about 20 kilometers to march on this night, while 
 the Alabama hike had been nearly 25 miles long. But each 
 man now weighed about twice as much as he had that pre- 
 
28 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GEEAT WAK. 
 
 vious spring, an^ his legs were not much stronger. And some 
 of the smaller men, weighing about 125 pounds or so, car- 
 ried packs heavier than themselves by 20 pounds or more. 
 
 They were blind with fatigue when they got to the trains. 
 Many had faUen out along the road, dropping into deep 
 slumber in the mud, half buried beneath their piles of back- 
 baggage. The regimental column trailed out for miles. Offi- 
 cers, half dead themselves and desperate with determination 
 to get as many of their men into the trains as possible, went 
 as far to the rear as they could, and, with drawn pistols, 
 tried to beat the stragglers into the line. But to some of 
 ,them a drawn pistol meant nothing. Their legs were of 
 lead and the loads on their backs had assumed the tonnage 
 of mountains. 
 
 There is no blot on the record of the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth in the story of this march. No regiment ever 
 marched under worse conditions with so little experience, 
 ■except the regiments of the Rainbow Division on the "Valley 
 Forge" hike to its training area in February, 1918, when 
 men hiked barefooted through the snow and left their bloody 
 footprints in its whiteness. But that does not belong in this 
 story. This was the One Hundred and Fifteenth's first taste 
 of the war. They were out of war's classroom now — setting 
 iorth into the world on the road >to the fight. 
 
 It was long past piidnight when the long trains pulled out. 
 All through France, in the daytime, trains had rolled along 
 with exultant American yells bursting from every door and 
 window — Americans on their way to the front, and trains 
 like that would roll along again through many days. 
 
 But these trains carrying Maryland's Own Eegiment were 
 deadly quiet — ^no sound but the clack of wheels on rails. The 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth went toward the front sound 
 asleep. 
 
29 
 
 Chapteb IV. 
 THE 115TH GOES IN. 
 
 The "Lion of Belfort" carved high in the rock of Belfort's 
 natural fortress looked down with solemn dignity at dawn 
 on July 18 upon our hordes of still sleepy soldiers piling 
 out of long trains. There was a sort of query in his attitude, 
 too, it seemed — a haughty query, as though he would say, 
 "You Americans, with straw sticking out of your hair and 
 clinging to your uniforms, lining up there rubbing your 
 eyes ! In 1870 the Germans beat upon me in vain — ^I balked 
 them aU. Can you?" 
 
 It was not on the Mame toward which the Blue and Gray 
 Division had looked so longingly that it found itself at the 
 end of the long journey; it was far from the Mame, at al- 
 most the eastern extremity of the battle line, in Alsace. 
 
 But it could feel the hot breath of war. Marching through 
 Belfort toward the neighborhood of Valdoie, a suburb of the 
 city, the men of the One Hundred and Fifteenth passed 
 buildings scarred with air-bomb splinters, cracked windows 
 bandaged with strips of paper, holes in the streets where, 
 for a few minutes, death had danced. 
 
 Regimental headquarters was established in Valdoie. That 
 very evening a great flock of black specks appeared high in 
 the eastern sky, growing larger and larger, moving nearer 
 in the shape of a big arrow-head, and as man after man saw 
 the spectacle and stood gazing upward a low humming came 
 to them. 
 
 Boche planes or Allied? They couldn't tell which and 
 scarcely cared. It was a warlike sight and it brought con- 
 tentment, because the Marylanders had yearned long and 
 deeply for warlike sights. 
 
 But this was not the front. Where was it? The generals 
 knew and Colonel Reckord knew. Every day he worked over 
 big maps, and several times he went out with his battalion 
 commg,nders. Barret, Hancock and Finley, for reconnais- 
 sance or study of the positions the regiment was to occupy 
 
30 MARYLAND FIGHTEES IN' THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 when it went into the line. For it was going in at the earliest 
 possible date. It was to relieve the French. 
 
 The country Colonel Reckord and his officers were study- 
 ing was a beautiful, fertile land, well cultivated in the re- 
 gions behind the lines, bearing wheat and vegetables, and in 
 the little battle-scarred villages ancient apple trees heavy 
 with fruit shaded the roads and windows of the houses. They 
 were not badly scarred — these villages; the war had not 
 dealt as harshly with them as with the villages farther to 
 the north and west. In fact, the war had settled down here, 
 after the first shock in 1914, to the keeping of a mutual 
 vigil on both sides — ^the Germans to see that the French 
 moved no farther into Alsace, the iFrench to see that the 
 Germans took no more of it away from them. And at this 
 point neither Ftench or Germans seemed disposed to quarrel 
 about it further. 
 
 So the first experience of the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 in the fighting line was to be in a "quiet sector." 
 
 But it was to go in as a "sacrifice regiment." -In case of 
 attack it was not to retreat under any circumstances. Be- 
 hind it in reserve would be the One Hundred and Sixteenth 
 Eegiment, and whatever fighting it might become necessary 
 to do back there, those Virginians would do, when the Mary- 
 landers had fought to the last man. It was not to be within 
 the province of the Marylanders to faU back to the line the 
 Virginians held, for that was the second line. Theirs was 
 the first and their orders were to hold it at all costs. 
 
 On the night of July 27-28 the first units of the One 
 Hundred and Fifteenth entered the trenches. It was a dis- 
 mal night, pitch black and raining hard. The Third Battal- 
 ion was picked to be the first. 
 
 Major Finley wias away at a school in Southern France, 
 and Oapt. James G. Knight, later a major, took command 
 of the Maryland infantrymen who were to lead off in 
 the old National Guard's campaign in France. Two com- 
 panies were to enter the front-line trenches. They were K 
 Company, commanded by Capt. Brooke Lee, and M Com- 
 pany, under First Lieutenant John D. Wade, who was made 
 a captain just before he was killed in the Argonne-Meuse op- 
 eration in October, 1918. The other two companies in the 
 
THE 115th goes in. 31 
 
 battalion — ^I Company, under Capt. Amos "W. W. Woodcock, 
 and L Company, under Capt. Harry "Wagner, were to be in 
 support, ready to rush forward in case of a concerted Ger- 
 man attack. 
 
 For staff purposes governing operations, the Blue and 
 Gray Division was attached to the One Hundred and Fifty- 
 first French Division, and the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 Regiment was attached to the Three Hundred and Nine- 
 teenth French Regiment. 
 
 It was the defense of the center sector — Haute Alsace — 
 that the Marylanders were undertaking. The center of re- 
 sistance was in the ruined village of Gildwiller and the line, 
 roughly speaking, ran north and south. 
 
 No more trying conditions could have been imagined than 
 those under which the Marylanders went in. Their ofScers 
 had seen the ground by daylight, but the ground over which 
 they went that night looked nothing like the ground they 
 had studied. In fact, it looked like nothing at all. It 
 couldn't be seen. They had to lead their men by feeling 
 their way, not by seeing it. There had been a little mud 
 down in the training area around Champlitte, but that was 
 firm ground compared to the mud they had to wade through 
 on this first night, though they were to wade through much 
 worse than this before the war ended. 
 
 Dismal, depressing, sinister — those words describe it faint- 
 ly. They wanted so much to do well on this first job. They 
 were not quite sure what a slip-up would mean; disaster 
 more likely than not, they felt. And in this pitchy black- 
 ness they could not be certain of themselves, or know 
 whether the very next move might not prove to be the fatal 
 slip. 
 
 And they made the most successful relief any American 
 troops had ever made in that sector. 
 
 The French, those finicky veterans, intolerant of the 
 slightest shying off from approved methods, said so. French 
 officers were waiting for the company commanders in tiny 
 dugouts deep in the hillsides, where candles guttered in the 
 rushes of wind and rain as the doors creaked open to admit 
 dripping young runners with messages from the new out- 
 posts. They sat up until 3 o'clock in the morning of July 
 
32 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 28, marveling at the coolness with which the Maryland offi- 
 cers issued their first fighting orders and the neatness and 
 precision with which the Maryland soldiers executed them. 
 
 There were no slip-ups, no disasters. If the Germans 
 knew a relief was taking place, they showed no signs of it ; 
 and to so plan and execute a relief that the Germans knew 
 nothing of it and failed to try to demoralize it with artillery, 
 was the highest possible success in relief-making. 
 
 At last "Maryland's Own" was in the front-line trenches, 
 and though with the passing of the long, weary months and 
 the wear and wrack of the terrible fighting north of Verdun, 
 they came later to yearn for comfort, no well-warmed lounge- 
 lizards were as happy that night as the men of the One Hun- 
 dred and Fifteenth standing ankle deep in the mud peering 
 through the rain into No Man's Land. 
 
 The next night the Second Battalion, commanded by 
 Mlajor Frank A. Hancock, went in. Like Major Finley, 
 Major Hancock was away from the regiment, and Capt. 
 Walter Black led the companies into the trenches. Their 
 center of resistance was in the village of Balschwiller, a 
 ruin like Gildwiller. Capt. Harry C. Euhl, with Company 
 E, had the right of this sector, and Lieut. Philip Mclntyre, 
 with Company F, had the left, Capt. Ralph Hutchins, the 
 company commander, also being away at school. 
 
 The First Battalion, under Major Henry F. Barrett, was 
 in support. With the completion of this operation the en- 
 tire One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment was on the front 
 line in France, a "sacrifice regiment" with either death or 
 glory before it. , 
 
 And the great chance came very soon. 
 
33 
 
 Chapter V. 
 THE 115TH'S FIRST FIGHT. 
 
 They went to work at once doing prosaic enough tasks. 
 The trenches were old, and recent bomhardments had added 
 to the ruin wrought by age and neglect. The Marylanders 
 first set their new house in order, repairing broken duck- 
 boards, some of which had sunk deep into the mud, building 
 up broken treiach walls and revetments, improving the auto- 
 matic rifle emplacements and the measures for defense 
 against gas attacks. 
 
 And some there were among them whose only duty was 
 to stand watch in tiny "Petit Posts" at the end of long 
 saps running out from the trench line into No Man's Land. 
 Only that — ^to stand and watch. And as though to compen- 
 sate them for having so unimportant, so monotonous a task, 
 nice heaps of fresh hand-grenades were piled in little boxes 
 built into the trench waUs, and their belts were full to burst- 
 ing with ammunition. 
 
 It was at "PP 6" that Sergeant John H. E. Hoppe and 
 Private Andy Youngbar, of Company K, were standing 
 watch on the night of July 30. The night was passing quiet- 
 ly. Four o'clock of the morning of July 31 came, and 4.30, 
 and the eastern sky was paHng. Very soon now Sergeant 
 Hoppe and Private Youngbar would be relieved and they 
 could get back to a dugout and sleep aU morning. 
 
 Just then a piece of wild hell broke loose from below some- 
 where, and came skipping over and landed with a running 
 jump inside of "PP 6." 
 
 I told the story of Sergeant Hoppe and Private Youngbar 
 several times in dispatches to The Sun. But because some 
 Marylander may not have heard it, or read it, and because 
 it is intended here to record with some degree of complete- 
 ness everything the gallant One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 Regiment did in the war, I shall tell it briefly again. For it 
 was also the regiment's first fight. 
 
 The exact time of- this first fight was 4.45 A. M., July 31. 
 The attacking force was a raiding party of about 20 Ger- 
 
34 MAEYIiAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 mans. They were after prisoners, having suspected, from 
 the increased fire at night, that new troops were opposite 
 them. 
 
 Five other men were in the "Petit Post" with Hoppe and 
 Youngbar when the barrage fell, and another was coming 
 along through the connecting trench with some hot breakfast 
 for them. The barrage dropped behind *the post and as it 
 descended the German raiders, waiting just in front of the 
 tall grass, hurled showers of hand grenades upon the seven 
 Marylanders. 
 
 Two of the men in the post were killed and five were 
 wounded, and the man who was coming up with breakfast 
 also was killed. Hoppe and Youngbar were among those 
 wounded. One of Hoppe 's thumbs was blown off at once, 
 and Youngbar 's back was filled with grenade splinters. 
 Later, at the hospital, they counted 32 wounds on him. 
 
 But Hoppe, instead of falling back through the connect- 
 ing trench to the main line of resistance, jumped over the 
 top of the trench into No Man's Land where the German 
 raiders were. He called to Youngbar to follow and they 
 were both up over the edge and running toward the Ger- 
 mans as the Germans were getting to their feet to come in 
 and round up prisoners. The 20 Germans and the two Mary- 
 landers met head-on. 
 
 Undoubtedly it was the total unexpectedness of this de-' 
 velopment that put the Germans to rout for they could easily 
 have captured Hoppe and Youngbar. But they were not 
 prepared to see their intended victims getting out of a pro- 
 tecting trench and coming after them, and when some of 
 their men fell dead and wounded from the few shots our 
 men had in their guns the rest turned and fled. 
 
 They were just in time, for Capt. Brooke Lee was arriving, 
 rifle in hand, at the head of a support platoon, bent upon 
 repelling any attack, no matter how big. 
 
 The three men who were killed in this battle were the first 
 of the One Hundred and Fifteenth to die in action. They 
 are buried now in the Haute Alsace sector close to the old 
 front line. Chaplain Frederick Reynolds, the regimental 
 padre, held the regiment's first funeral service at their 
 graves. Here are their names: 
 
THE 115th 'S FIRST FIGHT. 35 
 
 Private Alexander Stanorski, 323 Cherry street, Curtis 
 Bay. 
 
 Private James L. Lundy, 1225 Harford ave., Baltimore. 
 Private Paul Hull, Silver Springs. • 
 Lundy was the man who carried the breakfast through the 
 German barrage. A shell landed squarely in the trench and 
 MUed him outright. The other men wounded in that action 
 — ^the first in the regiment's career — ^were Sergt. Samuel 
 Cadell and Privates Fred Horn and Nathan Mills. 
 
 In this fight the One Hundred and Fifteenth found itself. 
 It knew then that it was more than a match for the Germans. 
 It exuded confidence from every pore. 
 
 Until August 8 the French were nominally in command of 
 the sector and French soldiers held the trenches side by side 
 with the men from Maryland, but on the night of August 
 8-9 the sector was turned over entirely to the One Htindred 
 and Fifteenth and the French came out. The full strength 
 of the Second and Third Battalions went into the line with 
 the First in support. Major Henry F. Barrett, commander 
 of the First, was acting commander of the regiment and the 
 only field offiieer left, Colonel Beckord being ill and in a hos- 
 pital and the others being still away at school. He returned 
 on August 12 and resumed command. 
 
 "Maryland's Own" by this time has learned well the In- 
 telligence Section motto, "Ukiless you make No Man's Land 
 a part of the United States, you have failed in your duty," 
 and they were applying it every night. Ceaselessly their 
 patrols crawled about No Man's Land, listening, watching, 
 testing the German wire and the alertness of the enemy. 
 
 On the night of August 13-14 the Third Battalion was to 
 be relieved by the First, and Lieut. Herbert Payne, as leader 
 of the Second Battalion's scout platoon, was ordered to take 
 a patrol out to learn whether the boche suspected a relief. 
 He discovered a party of boche trying to find out all about 
 it, drove them back and escaped with his platoon intact 
 through the barrage the enemy threw over in his rage at be- 
 ing thwarted. There were no casualties, and the relief was 
 a success. 
 
 Two men were wounded in another patrol fight the very 
 aiext night, and on the night of August 18-19 the One Hun- 
 
36 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 dred and Fifteenth was all ready for its first raid on the 
 enemy lines. 
 
 Lieut. Chandler Sprague was selected to lead it. With 
 his party of picked men he had been rehearsing it secretly 
 in the quiet country behind the reserve line for several days. 
 Eeconnaisance patrols had been across the route selected over 
 No Man's Land and had reported the condition of the 
 ground and the enemy wire. Everything was ready. Lieut. 
 Frank Hewitt had secured a quantity of black grease 
 paint, and a little after sunset on the 18th the men began to 
 blacken their faces for the "party." Their spirits ran high 
 that evening. They were going over to get boche prisoners, 
 and they conjured up pleasant pictures as they sat around 
 in Captain Lee's dugout like a troupe of blackface minstrel 
 men waiting for the curtain to rise. 
 
 General Bandholtz, the brigade commander, had come out 
 to the Regimental P. C. at Brechaumont for a final conference 
 with Colonel Reckord! Colonel Reckord himself had then 
 gone out to K Company's P. C, to superintend the de- 
 parture of the raiding party. General Morton, the division 
 commander, would arrive at Brechaumont some time after 
 midnight and wait there for word of the success of the ven- 
 ture. The division intelligence officer would be there with 
 two interpreters to fire questions at the prisoners the moment 
 they were brought back. 
 
 It was the Blue and Gray Division's first initiative in the 
 war and headquarters was burning with eagerness to make 
 it a success. Because the One Hundred and Fifteenth had 
 been selected to execute the mission, every Marylander was 
 feverishly anxious to do it right. The coolest soldiers on the- 
 Alsace front that night were Lieutenant Sprague and his 
 "black-faced wrecking crew," as he called them, and Colonel 
 Reckord, always the personification of coolness and clear- 
 headedness. 
 
 At 9 o'clock in the dark forest on the hilltop the raiders 
 gathered around their colonel for the final words of caution 
 and instruction. The countersign for the night was "France". 
 The men repeated the word after him in a breathless 
 whisper — ' ' France ! ' ' 
 
 Now, were the wire-cutters here? Did they know what to 
 
THE 115th's first fight. 37 
 
 •do? All right. Did Sprague have his rockets ready for the 
 barrage signal? That was one of the most important things 
 of all. Everybody would be watching the sky for that pink 
 rocket, and they must send it up at the proper time and get 
 into the German trench, grab their men and be away in 
 time to get the benefit of their own artillery and escape the 
 boche artillery. All right! Let's go! 
 
 The colonel started to lead the way down the hill toward 
 the jumping-off point, then turned suddenly and inquired: 
 
 "How about the grenades? Have the men all got them?" 
 
 There was silence for a moment. Then somebody spoke up. 
 
 "I haven't seen anything of them!" Then another 
 moment of silence. 
 
 And the next moment it developed that this raiding party 
 had been about to go against the German trenches without 
 a hand grenade amongst them. 
 
 The world seemed to cave in right there. The raiders, un- 
 til that moment keyed to a high pitch, drooped like withered 
 flowers. The colonel tore back to the Company P. C. and 
 planted himself at the field telephone, working desperately 
 over the wires that seemed all at once to go out of commis- 
 sion, to get in touch with the men responsible for having the 
 grenades up there. He ordered the raiders to proceed to the 
 jump-off and wait there until the grenades were brought to 
 them. 
 
 After more than a half hour the heavy boxes came up and 
 a carrying party was organized on the spot, Colonel Eeckord 
 carrying his share of the load with the rest. Stumbling over 
 the rough duckboards winding down through the black 
 woods, in imminent danger at every step of spilling a box 
 and killing the whole party, they came finally out to the 
 trench where the raiders were waiting, biting their nails and 
 cursing. There they distributed the grenades as the men 
 went over the top. 
 
 Hours passed while along the roads behind the line soldiers 
 stood under the trees watching the eastern sky for the pink 
 rocket and listening for the crash of the bengalore torpedoes 
 that would blow away the last vestiges of wire. And when 
 dawn began streaking the lower heavens and the birds be- 
 
38 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 gan twittering and nothing happened, they turned in and 
 went sadly to sleep. 
 
 Daylight had caught Sprague and his men a little more 
 than half way across No Man's Land, and they had to turn 
 around and come back. To have continued the raid would 
 have been fatal. It was the fault of the grenade delay. 
 
 The next night they tried it again, leaving from another 
 point and crawling by another route, but this time too diffli- 
 cult a feat had been attempted. It was a full mile and a. 
 half from our trenches to the Germans between those points, 
 entirely too long to get over and back with prisoners before 
 daylight, with no means of locomotion but crawling. So for 
 the time being they gave up raiding. They had learned much 
 about it and knew now how to avoid mistakes. 
 
 On August 20 Colonel Eeckord took command of the Fifty- 
 seventh Brigade composed entirely of New Jersey troops. 
 General Barber having been relieved of command. Major- 
 Barrett, the senior field officer of the regiment, again took 
 the helm of the One Hundred and Fifteenth and that night 
 it came out of the first line and the One Hundred and Six- 
 teenth from Virginia went in. 
 
 "Maryland's Own" had been holding the front line for 24 
 days, without rest or relief, and this had been its first trench 
 experience. So much had not been expected of a totally green 
 regiment. The division commander complimented it highly; 
 the French officers were delighted. In many ways it had 
 showed the temper of veterans. It had kept the enemy at a 
 respectful distance and it had kept its own head cool under 
 stress. It had done well. 
 
 And now for almost two weeks it stayed in reserve, with 
 headquarters in the village of Reppe, and there the men had 
 time to stretch their cramped limbs and talk it all over, and 
 analyze themselves and their feelings after their first turn 
 in the theater of the great war. "Taking a wallop at Kaiser 
 Bill," the folks back home were calling it. A picturesque 
 phrase it was, but scarcely descriptive of the life of a soldiei* 
 in trench warfare, where "walloping" was largely a waiting 
 game, with mud and rats far outweighing excitement and 
 glory. The One Hundred and Fifteenth was learning things. 
 
39 
 
 Chaptek VI. 
 THE QUIET SECTOR AWAKES. 
 
 It continued to learn even out of the trenches. Again, as 
 in Champlitte and Valdoie, the men's days were filled with 
 training schedules. Now they were learning to advance 
 long distances over the country, deployed as skirmishers 
 searching out machine-gun nests. From far up there where 
 other Americans were making eternally glorious history on 
 the Vesle, came news of these machine-gun nests. They were 
 the Huns' last cards, and the Yanks were trumping them all 
 — at what costs even the casualty lists tell incompletely. And 
 it was during the two weeks between August 20 and Sep- 
 tember 5 that the One Hundred and Fifteenth studied to 
 play the German game better than the Germans — and learned 
 it to the Germans' sorrow, as the Verdun chapter in our 
 regiment's history will show. 
 
 But before we come to September 5 we come to the night 
 of August 30-31, the night of "The Great Raid." 
 
 I was never able to tell this story from France, and tell it 
 truthfully, because of the censorship. It was not a success, 
 and the One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment was not at 
 fault. Division headquarters investigated, and was able to 
 settle upon little more than the fact that the trench mortars 
 had played on the German wire too long. The trench mor- 
 tars were manned and fired by the French. 
 
 The first two attempts at raiding had only whetted the 
 Blue and Gray Division's appetite, and this raid was to be 
 conducted on a scale that would be as little calculated to fail 
 as it was humanly possible for trained soldiers to calculate. 
 The Virginia regiment, the One Hundred and Sixteenth, stiU 
 held the line, with the One Hundred and Fifteenth in re- 
 serve, but all the raiders were picked from the Maryland 
 regiment. 
 
 The party consisted of 110 men selected from throughout 
 the regiment, though most of them were from the Third 
 Battalion. The leader was Captain Brooke Lee, and the 
 
40 MAKTLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 group leaders were Lieut. Chandler Sprague and Lieut. J. 
 Spence Phelps. 
 
 No chance was to be taken this time. The raiders were to 
 sneak across No Man's Land in a skirmish line and lie out- 
 side the German wire. They were to leave their OAvn trenches 
 at 1 o'clock in the morning of August 31, and as the zero 
 hour for the preliminary bombardment was fixed at 4.36 A. 
 M. they would have plenty of time to be there and in posi- 
 tion for the final dash. 
 
 This preliminary bombardment was to be the big thing. It 
 was relied upon more than anything else for the "success of 
 the raid. For several days and nights French artillery had 
 been coming into this part of the country and disappearing 
 in the forests a little beyond the pretty villages of La Fon- 
 taine, La Chapelle-Sous-Rougemont and Brechaumont — get- 
 ting into their camouflaged gun positions. It was to open a 
 bombardment upon the entire divisional front. The sector of 
 Haute-Alsace was to get the most terrific rousing up since 
 the days of 1914. 
 
 Beginning at the zero hour a dozen regiments of guns 
 were to open a preliminary bombardment that would last five 
 minutes, pounding the German front lines to a pulp. Then 
 it would lift and for five or more minutes trench-mortar 
 bombs would fall on the German wire, ripping it to shreds 
 so that the raiders could rush through to. the trenches unim- 
 peded. When the bombs stopped falling the artillery would 
 begin the rolling barrage, a moving avalanche of high ex- 
 plosive, and the raiders would move along behind it, yank 
 out of their dugouts all the cowering German wretches who 
 had crawled in out of the rain of death, and get back, pro- 
 tected on their fianks by a barrage of 24 machine guns of the 
 112th machine gun battalion operating under Major David 
 J. Markey, of Frederick. 
 
 Here, where there was almost a tacit agreement between 
 Germans and Allies that "we won't bother you if you don't 
 bother us," there was to occur suddenly a great slaughter of 
 Germans. The utmost secrecy surrounded every step of the 
 planning. The big object of everything was prisoners — as 
 many as possible. 
 
 Promptly at 1 o'clock on the morning of August 31 the 
 
THK QUIET SECTOR AWAKES. 41 
 
 raiding party from the One Hundred and Fifteenth left the 
 trenches held by the One Hundred and Sixteenth. They 
 worked into No Man's Land through an old French trench 
 that ran out toward the objective, and at 2.10 they were in 
 position in skirmish line, not far from the German wire. 
 There they waited. 
 
 At 4.36 the bombardment began — a rolling, thumping roar 
 of big guns. At 4.41 the trench-mortar bombs began to 
 tear up the enemy wire. The Marylanders lay flat to the 
 ground under this screaming roof of shells and just ahead 
 of them the earth tossed and rocked with the crashing ex- 
 plosions. Looking westward from No Man's Land the sky 
 was blood-red with the flashes of guns; in the east it was red 
 with the bursting of high explosives. It was a beautiful 
 barrage, timed to the second and deadly. 
 
 But some of the trench-mortar bombs were falling short, 
 especially on the left flank. The raiders were lying 250 yards 
 from the objective, yet some bombs were falling but 60 
 yards ahead of them. And when the five minutes were up 
 Captain Lee allowing an extra minute for the rolling bar- 
 rage to start, issued an order to get up and move forward 
 behind it and the next moment had to countermand the or- 
 der. The trench-mortar bombs were stiU falling. 
 
 They waited three more minutes, then started. Moving 
 through the thick, acrid smoke, they got to the wire and 
 found that the mortar barrage had not stopped. Here were 
 the raiders all ready to go through to the Germans — several 
 minutes behind their schedule now — and to do it they would 
 have to pass through their own mortar barrage, which by this 
 time should have ceased. 
 
 They found a gap in the wire and started through, en- 
 gineers going ahead with the cutters to sever a few remain- 
 ing strands, and while they were in the midst of the wire 
 field a trench-mortar bomb landed in the midst of them. 
 
 A few bengalore torpedoes had been brought along. They 
 are long hollow strips of steel a little thicker than bed slats 
 and filled with TNT. Engineers carried them, one at each 
 end, like litter-bearers, and they were to be exploded under 
 any wire that the trench mortars had not destroyed. They 
 contained the most deadly explosive possible. 
 
42 MABTLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 This trench-mortar bomb landed almost directly on one of 
 these strips of T N T. 
 
 One of the two engineers carrying it was tossed 25 feet 
 into the air and came down mangled beyond identification. 
 He was not a Maryland man — most of the engineers were 
 from New Jersey. Other men in the group were swished 
 away like dry leaves in a sudden gale. .They picked them- 
 selves up, some of them wounded, all of them dazed and 
 shocked. 
 
 Captain Lee had already led half the party through a gap 
 in the wire to the right, and had started down the German 
 front-line trench. The men remaining with Lieutenants 
 Sprague and Phelps seemed surprisingly few. It developed 
 later that aside from the casualties some of them had been 
 cut off by the over-long trench-mortar barrage and never did 
 get through the wire or into the German lines. 
 
 But gathering together what men they had, Sprague and 
 Phelps led the way through the wire, and while Captain 
 Lee's men were searching the front-line trench, they fell 
 upon a small connecting trench behind it. They searched 
 dugouts and shelters, throwing grenades into them, but pro- 
 duced no Germans. 
 
 Captain Lee went back to the third-line trench, and Lieu- 
 tenant Sprague and Sergeant Bielaski, who had been sent 
 on the raid with Sergeant Walter Spriggs by Major Markey 
 for the special purpose of capturing a German machine-gun, 
 found one as they came around the enemy left of the front- 
 line. It had been blown from its foundations. 
 
 But, so far as Germans were concerned, it was a case of 
 "nobody home." There wasn't a German apparently within 
 sight or hearing though watchers on our own side of the 
 lines saw the sky streaked with signal rockets from behind 
 the German lines, like rockets from ships in distress. They 
 were calling the German gunners into action. The next 
 moment their counter-barrage began, laying down a curtain 
 of fire outside their own trenches. The raiders would have 
 to go through it to get back. They were boxed in. 
 
 Sprague sent two runners back to hunt for Captain Lee, 
 prowling around somewhere in the German third line, look- 
 ing for boehes, and to tell him of this serious development. 
 
THE QUIET SECTOR AWAKES. 43 
 
 And just about that time three derelict Huns, who had 
 managed somehow to escape both the bombardment and the 
 raiders, came to light. 
 
 Sergeant Gerk and Private Dorsey, of K Company, dis- 
 covered them hiding in a small connecting trench leading 
 from the second to the third line. Dorsey was in front and 
 saw them first. They shot him full in the stomach and he fell 
 mortally wounded. Stocky little Sergeant Gerk lunged 
 over the fallen Dorsey and drove his bayonet into the chest 
 of the first German, pinning him to the ground and breaking 
 the bayonet clean off. He left the blade in the Hun's wrig- 
 gling body and started after the others, who were fleeing 
 down the trench. 
 
 Just then Captain Lee appeared around the corner of 
 another connecting trench off to the right, and sent up the 
 pink rocket, the signal to withdraw. Gerk threw a few hand 
 grenades after his boche and abandoned them. 
 
 And now came the return of the Maryland raiders to their 
 own trenches through the German barrage, which by this 
 time was searching out every foot of the ground over which 
 they must pass. 
 
 Already badly cut up by the terrible mistake of the men 
 who had manned the trench mortars, empty-handed as to 
 the coveted prisoners, with nerves already shaken by the 
 terrific fire, both of their allies and the enemy, that had 
 raged around them while they worked, they started back. 
 Sergeant BielasM dragged the precious machine gun he had 
 captured. Sergeant Gerk staggered along with Dorsey dy- 
 ing on his back. 
 
 To keep any sort of military formation was impossible. 
 The men dodged and flopped their way back through the bar- 
 rage, knocked down by the shells, killed outright or wounded ; 
 and those who were able continued at a crawl, never know- 
 ing whether the next inch of progress would bring them in 
 line with a shell, or whether it was surer death to lie still. 
 But, somehow, most of them got back. When they began top- 
 pling to comparative safety over the edges of their own 
 trenches broad daylight was more than an hour old. 
 
 Sprague went back again into that wicked country, work- 
 ing past a tricky Hun sniper toward the sound of groans. 
 
44 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 found an M Company man alive and Private Davis quite 
 dead. He and Private Fleischman tried to get the M Com- 
 pany man back past the sniper and through the wire, and 
 Fleischman was wounded, brought back by Sprague and 
 died. 
 
 Captain Lee, with Sergeant Miller, of M Company, wound- 
 ed, and several other noncommissioned, officers lay out all 
 that hot day of August 31, in a shellhole in No Man's Land, 
 and were unable to get back until long after dark because 
 the country was infested with German snipers. 
 
 And out of this handpicked raiding party of 110 of the 
 best men of the One Hundred and Fifteenth, there were 39 
 casualties, including 11 whom nobody saw killed, but who 
 never came back; and they did not get a single prisoner. 
 
 All of which redounds to the eternal glory of "Maryland's 
 Own Regiment." For their losses were great and their mis- 
 sion failed only because they went ahead and did their job 
 when they saw their own artillery support doing worse than 
 failing before their very faces. 
 
 At a time when to "carry on" might mean death in their 
 own barrage, they "carried on." 
 
 And now things "woke up" for certain in the sector of 
 Haute-Alsace. On September 14 the Germans opened a gas 
 war. French and Czecho-Slovaks on the left of the Mary- 
 land line they deluged with mustard, and that same night 
 they bombarded the village of Traubach-le-Haute, inflicting 
 casualties in the Second Battalion of the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth. Stung to anger by. this big raid— for the fierce 
 artillery bombardment of the French must have wreaked 
 havoc among their forces behind the lines— the Germans 
 were doubling their activity. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifteenth had taken over the sector 
 again on the nights of September 5-6 and 6-7, relieving the 
 One Hundred and Sixteenth. It was their second turn in 
 the trenches, and they could see the results of what they had 
 done since July 27. No Man's Land was almost entirely clear 
 of prowling Huns now, and they fought at long range, bom- 
 barding the railhead at Fontaine with big guns, throwing 
 over flocks of gas shells, bombing sleeping villages from the 
 air. 
 
THE QXJIET SECTOR AWAKES. 45 
 
 The Maryland patrols had the country between the 
 trenches almost to themselves now; the boche patrols stayed 
 at home. About the last skirmish of the Alsace campaign 
 was between a scout patrol from the First Battallion, led by 
 Lieut. Joseph Ayres, and a band of Germans. The Mary- 
 landers coming out of their trenches for the evening prowl 
 ran full tilt into the enemy and drove him back to his lines 
 in a hurry. 
 
 On September 13 three men from the First Battalion 
 roamed over the sheUtorn fields clear into the village of Am- 
 mertzwiller behind the enemy lines. They saw no Germans. 
 They ripped from house walls some signs printed in German 
 and brought them back as trophies. It looked as though the 
 boche was holding his lines very lightly if, indeed, he was 
 holding them at all. 
 
 Capt. Herbert L. ,Grymes, with a patrol from D Company, 
 found out that the boche would like to hold his lines a little 
 more if the Maryland men would only let Mm. It was on the 
 night the Second Battalion of the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 relieved the Third Battalion in the Gildwiller sector, the 
 night of September 16-17. Captain Grymes took his men 
 over and set them down around the end of a little finger of 
 trench that ended in No Man's Land. He pointed a couple 
 of automatic rifles down it, spread out other men with rifles 
 and hand grenades on the flanks and lay back to watch. 
 
 In a few minutes, as though they had simply been waiting 
 for Captain Grymes to arrive, a crowd of Germans began 
 filing down this finger of trench, all equipped to go out on 
 patrol. But they no more suspected that Captain Grymes 
 and his men were out there waiting for them than they sus- 
 pected the Kaiser of being a Frenchman. And when the 
 trench was nicely full of plump lads in field gray, the cold- 
 hearted Maryland captain whispered an order and a sheaf 
 of bullets sped straight down the narrow aisle. To make 
 matters worse a lot of hand grenades fell in on them. 
 
 There was terrible havoc in that trench for a few long 
 minutes and the German patrol never came out. 
 
 Next night the Germans retaliated with a heavy gas at- 
 tack on Holzberg wood; it was the One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth's first experience with gas. Twenty-four casualties 
 
46 MAKYIAND FI6HTEKS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 resulted, including seven killed. A strong concentration of 
 mustard had been sent over — ^the first in that sector since 
 the war started, for gas was not used in 1914, and by the 
 time it appeared in the fighting things had become quiet in 
 Alsace and gas had been prohibited on both sides for the 
 sake of the villagers, who were still living close to the front. 
 
 The good gas discipline of the Marylanders saved theta 
 from greater casualties, and gas discipline had to be disci- 
 pline developed to the highest power. Every soldier in 
 Enrope had come to regard gas as his worst enemy; a man 
 had no chance to fight it. Either he was quick with his gas 
 mask (and that meant obeying gas orders at all times), or he 
 was dead. It was a sneaky, treacherous enemy, but it failed 
 to demoralize the One Hundred and Fifteenth. 
 
 And now the greatest battle in America's history was 
 drawing near. The One Hundred and Fifteenth had a part 
 in the preparations for it right there in old Alsace. 
 
 Their part demonstrated the fact that it is not all of war 
 to strike blows — even in the front line. At some time and 
 some place it may be the greater part of strategy to feint, so 
 that the enemy shifts his guard and leaves his chin or his 
 solar-plexus unprotected against the quick blow that follows 
 the feint. The One Hundred and Fifteenth made the feint. 
 
 All inhabitants were ordered out of the villages of Hecken, 
 Falckwiller, Gildwiller, Ueberkumen and Balschwiller. It 
 was known that news of this move would get to the Grermans 
 and that they would suspect something. The news did get 
 to them, and for five nights after the villagers left those five 
 towns the Germans deluged them with poison gas. The Mary- 
 landers there lived almost constantly in their gas masks. 
 
 Other bluffs were made, tending to arouse German sus- 
 picion that the Twenty-ninth Division was getting ready to 
 try to take Mulhouse, the biggest town in that part of Al- 
 sace. Colonel Eeckordmade frequent "fake reconnaissances" 
 looking toward an attack. And on the night of September 20 the 
 Blue and Gray Division started up toward the Argonne- 
 Meuse drive for which the First American Army was gather- 
 ing from all parts of France. It was now a division of trench 
 veterans with nearly two months' steady service in the line 
 and without a rest. 
 
47 
 
 Chapter VII. 
 INTO THE ARGONNE FIGHT. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifteenth was relieved by the Tenth 
 Eegiment of French Chasseurs (Blue Devils) and marched, 
 as soon as its various groups were relieved, to Bessoneourt on 
 the nights of September 20 and 21. On the night of Sep- 
 tember 23 it piled into trains of box cars at Belfort and on 
 the morning of the 24th it rolled away toward the north and 
 west. 
 
 In the area around the city of Barle-duc, about 40 kilo- 
 meters south of Verdun, it detrained' that night and the next 
 morning, Colonel Reckord establishing regimental head- 
 quarters at Seigneulles. The First and Second Battalions 
 and the machine-gun company bivouacked in forests nearby, 
 and the Third was billeted in the village of Marats-le-Grande. 
 
 The status of the Twenty-ninth when the great Argonne 
 drive began on September 26, was that of a division in army 
 reserve. Three army corps were in the First American Army 
 for this operation, with three divisions in the front line in 
 each corps. Other divisions were in reserve for each corps, 
 and behind the corps-reserve divisions were the army-reserve 
 divisions. In a pinch they would be thrown hurriedly any- 
 where into the whole line from the west bank of the Meuse 
 river to the western edge of the Argonne Forest. 
 
 Division headquarters was established at Conde, and head- 
 quarters of the Fifty-eighth Brigade — ^Virginians and Mary- 
 landers — ^was at Hargeville. The day after the troops ar- 
 rived, Brig.-Gen. Harry H. Bandholtz, who had commanded 
 the brigade ever since a few days after General Gaither left 
 it, was taken away. 
 
 The Maiyland men felt this to be a decided loss. Every- 
 body in the Fifty-eighth — ^Virginians as well as Marylanders 
 — had come to love General Bandholtz, who was as fair and 
 just as he was stem and unyielding in discipline. He had 
 developed a wonderful organization ; it had absorbed his own 
 snappy, military personality, and the men were the model 
 soldiers of the division. General Bandholtz had set his heart 
 
48 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 on leading it in the fight. But on the eve of the fight Gen- 
 eral Pershing sent for him and made him Provost-Marshal 
 General of the whole Aimerican Expeditionary Force. His 
 training and genius for organization made him the best man 
 in France for the job at a time when the military police 
 system was badly in need of repair. 
 
 And so, with a part of the greatest battle in the world just 
 before them, the Marylanders lost their General. Colonel 
 Caldwell, an old regular army man, succeeded him. 
 
 The rumble of the greatest artillery i)ombardment in his- 
 tory (up to that time), came down to the Marylanders, 40 
 kilometers away on the night of the attack, and all night 
 trucks clattered through the pitch-dark villages on their way 
 forward. On the third day of its position in army reserve 
 the Twenty-ninth received orders to prepare to move. Trucks 
 would rush it up to the battle. The trucks themselves, 
 manned by pairs of Chinese coolies from French Indo-China, 
 were stretched along every road in the divisional area for 
 miles. The division's orders were "stand by the trucks." 
 
 The men slung on their packs and rifles and stood by the 
 trucks. They stood by them all night in a cold, driving rain. 
 They tried to crawl into them to keep dry, but the orders of 
 the French were to take nobody aboard until orders arrived 
 to start. And after the men had slept all night in the mud, 
 some without even shelter tents between themselves and the 
 downpour, new orders came and the trucks went away with- 
 out them. 
 
 The Marylanders stayed all that day in the open, drying 
 their clothes around little wood fires, and finally that night 
 they started— not by trucks but by foot, in more rain. 
 
 Before daylight they reached Mondrecourt, soaking wet 
 and covered with mud. Mondrecourt was a village of about 
 10 houses and a f e^v barns and the men threw themselves on 
 piles of hay or on fioors— anywhere to be under a roof, and 
 slept heavily until sunset. Then they started on again, and 
 arrived next morning in Nixeville, a few kilometers south- 
 west of Verdun. 
 
 The hike from Champlitte to the trains back in July 
 dropped for a time among the forgotten things during this 
 two-day-and-night march to the Argonne drive. The expos- 
 
INTO THE ARGONNE FIGHT. 49 
 
 Tire to the wet and cold and the hard night marching made 
 many men ill. Cases of influenza and pneumonia developed ; 
 ambulances were constantly on duty. 
 
 But two days' rest in Nixeville worked wonders with the 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth. The men scraped the mud 
 from their shoes and even shined them, so strong within them 
 were the habits of neatness and soldierliness they had de- 
 veloped under General Morton's discipline in the old peace- 
 ful days at Camp McClellan. 
 
 Camp McClellan! Those had been the good old days, and 
 they used to seem so hard! A man never knew when he was 
 weU off, did he ? A tent with a stove in it would look like a 
 palace now. But there 'd be no tents or stoves for some time 
 to come now. The big fight was about to begin. Thus the 
 men philosophized as they rested at Nixeville, polishing their 
 guns and cleaning their pistols and belts and shining up their 
 muddy, hob-nailed shoes. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifteenth moved then to the Bois 
 de Burrus, disappearing for a time in dugouts in the woods. 
 Regimental P. C. was established at GermonviUe. 
 
 The Fifty-eighth Brigade, prize brigade of the Twenty- 
 ninth Division, had been separated from the division, placed 
 under the command of the Seventeenth French Corps, and 
 ordered to attack. It was to cross the Mouse from the west 
 bank to the east above Verdun and surprise the G«rmans 
 there who were enfilading the American positions on the west 
 bank — ^firing into them from three angles. It was to drive 
 these Germans back. 
 
 The attack would begin on "D Day" at "H Hour." Bri- 
 gade and regimental headquarters waited anxiously while it 
 planned its dispositions and its tactics and its supply systems, 
 for word from the French. When "D Day" and "H Hour" 
 were finally made known the start of the battle would be but 
 a matter of hours. 
 
50 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter VIII. 
 THE END OF THE "INVINCIBLE VERDUN LINE." 
 
 "D Day" was Tuesday, October 8; "H Hour" was 5 
 o'clock in the morning. But if Colonel Caldwell, command- 
 ing tlie Fifty-eighth Brigade, had not had the sort of in- 
 spiration that comes to soldiers sometimes in some phase of 
 some great battle, there might have been trouble for the 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth that day instead of victory. 
 
 But before we go into that we ought to see something of 
 this battle-field that means so much in Maryland history — 
 to know where it was and what it looked like, and why this 
 particular battle was fought. 
 
 "West of the Eiver Meuse the American Army had made 
 glorious advances. Against the most brilliant, stubborn rear- 
 guard action in the history of wars the doughboys were push- 
 ing on, slowly by this time, but still pushing. The Argonne 
 drive had slowed up, there was no doubt about that. After 
 the. first dash of September 26, when the Three Hundred and 
 Thirteenth, with the rest of the army abreast of it from the 
 Meuse to the Argonne Forest had swept over Montfaucon, 
 the advanc^ had become a slow, painful day-to-day job of 
 capturing machine-gun nests one at a time. 
 
 But east of the Meuse and north of Verdun the Germans 
 had not fallen back. Instead they had massed men and guns 
 there much more densely than on the west bank. They had 
 constantly been expecting an attack there before the attack 
 on the west bank started. On September 22 a German di- 
 visional order taken from' a prisoner said : 
 
 "It is certain that the Franco- Americans are going to at- 
 tack east of the Meuse on a great scale. "We have not yet 
 been able to determine whether the attack will extend to the 
 left (west) bank. The situation demands the greatest sur- 
 veillance. Under no circumstances is the enemy to be able 
 to surprise us." 
 
 After September 26 the Germans sent three of the six re- 
 serve divisions they had massed on the east bank to try to. 
 stop the advance on the west bank. 
 
THE END OF THE "INVINCIBLE VERDUN UNE." 51 
 
 But they still refused to believe that the attack beginning 
 September 26 was the main attack; they thought it was just 
 a new deception. 
 
 Aibout October 5 this order came out in the Fifth German 
 Army, signed "von der Marwitz": 
 
 "According to the news we possess tJie enemy is going to 
 attack the Tth Army east of the Meuse and try to push to- 
 ward Longuyon-Sedan, the most importcmt artery of the 
 Army of the West. Moreover, the intention of the enem,y is 
 to render impossible for us the exploitation of the Bassin de 
 Briey, upon which our steel production depends in a large 
 measure. 
 
 ' ' Thus it is once more that the hardest part of the task may 
 fall upon the Vth Army in the course of the fighting of the 
 next weeks; it is upon that task that the security of the 
 Fatherland may rest. 
 
 "It is on the iwuincible resistance of the Verdun front that 
 the fate of a great part of the west front depends, and per- 
 haps the fate of our people." 
 
 And from those strongly held positions on the east bank, 
 from which they could look over into the rear of our army 
 driving ahead on the west bank, they were pouring a deadly 
 artillery and machine-gun fire that enfiladed the American 
 lines. So it became necessary at last to help von der Mar- 
 witz realize his expectations of an attack on the Verdun 
 front. It became necessary to send men against that "in- 
 vincible resistance" upon which "the fate of the west front 
 and the fate of our people" depended. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifteenth, One Hundred and Six- 
 teenth Infantry Eegiments and the One Hundred and 
 Twelfth Machine Gun Battalion were picked to decide the 
 fate of the German people. Thus came to the old Maryland 
 and Virginia National Guard the highest reward that can 
 come to soldiers who, having reached that fork in the high- 
 way that all men reach in their lives — ^whether soldiers or 
 not — ^have taken the right, though roughest road, and have 
 become great. 
 
 The Fifty-eighth Brigade had been detached from the 
 Twenty-ninth Division for the attack, and was made a part of 
 the Seventeenth French Corps, under whose orders it was 
 
52 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 to advance. Twenty-nintli Division Headquarters had been 
 established in the citadel of Verdun, and I believe it was the 
 first American division to establish headquarters in that 
 heroic city, at whose very name the heart of a Frenchman 
 swelled, giviiig him the courage of a lion and the self-f orget- 
 f ulness of a mother. But the Twenty-ninth as a division was 
 not to take part in the opening of the attack. 
 
 The French had told the Fifty-eighth brigade commander 
 everything he needed to know about the plans for the battle, 
 except one thing. It had not told him the day or the hour. 
 It was necessary to surprise the Germans — no chances could 
 be taken of their learning when to expect the blow. They 
 were well enough prepared for almost anything, as Von der 
 Marwitz's order showed. The only hope of demoralizing that 
 "invincible resistance" lay in falling upon it out of a clear 
 sky. And that, literally, is what the One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth was going to do. There was to be no preliminary 
 artillery bombardment — just a silent, sudden pounce like a 
 cat upon a mouse, and the "fireworks" were to come later. 
 
 So that it was well to let "D Day" aud "H Hour" be 
 mysteries until the last minute. But when the last minute 
 arrived they were still mysteries. Colonel Caldwell had rea- 
 sons of his own to believe that "D Day" was October 8, but 
 he had no word about it from the Seventeenth French Corps 
 headquarters, and he was under that corps' orders. 
 
 What should he do? If he ordered the brigade to move 
 into position and make the attack, and it developed that "D 
 Day" was October 9, for instance, he, would probably be with- 
 out support on either flank and there might be disaster. If he 
 didn't give the order and October 8 actually were "D Day" 
 and the French attacked, there would be a great gap at the 
 point where the One Hundred and Fifteenth should be at- 
 tacking. 
 
 The moment arrived when, if the attack was to be made on 
 October 8, the regiments should be marching, crossing the 
 Meuse river and getting into position on the other side for 
 the jump-off. Otherwise they would arrive too late. 
 
 "They may kick me out of the army in disgrace," said 
 Colonel Caldwell (he was an old soldier^looked like an 
 Alaskan trapper and had a long and active record), "but 
 
THE END OF THE "INVINCIBLE VERDUN LINE." 53 
 
 they can never say that we sat still and did nothing. Vm 
 going to order 'em to start." 
 
 It was pitch dark on the night of October 7 when Colonel 
 Eeckord led his men away from their bivouac in the Bois de 
 Bourrus and struck eastward toward Charny, where the 
 bridge ran across to Bras. MJajor Barrett, with his First 
 Battalion of men from Frederick, Hagerstown, Cambridge, 
 Belair and Baltimore, with Company A of the One Hun- 
 dred and Twelfth Machine-Gun Battalion, led the way, fol- 
 lowed by Major Hancock's Second Battalion, supported by 
 the One Hundred and Fifteenth's Machine-Gun Company 
 under Capt. Carey Jarman. They marched by way of the 
 Chamy-Samogneux road, which took them across the river 
 and northward along its east bank. The Third Battalion un- 
 der Captain Woodcock (Major Charles B. Finley, Jr., then 
 being brigade adjutant and chief of staff) , marched to Regne- 
 ville, which was on the west bank of the river. 
 
 The First was to open the attack, the Second was to pass 
 through the first as soon as the intermediate objective had 
 been captured, and advance on the normal objective; and 
 the Third was to earr.y on the attack from the normal objec- 
 tive passing through both the First and the Second. All these 
 objectives were in the heights of the Haumont, Ormont and 
 Consenvoye "Woods — ^ideal places to defend with the thick trees 
 and brush offering cover to the German machine-gunners; 
 deadly places to attack. 
 
 On the right flank of the Maryland line, which was the 
 eastern flank, the One Hundred and Sixteenth was to fight. 
 On the left flank the Thirty-third Division, Chicago's old 
 National Guard was to come across the Meuse and fight north- 
 ward beside the Marylanders filling the constantly widening 
 gap between the river's east bank and the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth's left flank, for the river flowed to the northwest 
 and the One Hundred and Fifteenth's attack was almost due 
 north. 
 
 On the right side of the Chamy-Samogneux road which 
 almost parallels the river, and about 10 kilometers north of 
 Verdun, a stake is driven into the ground bearing a white- 
 painted board on which in black letters is the word "Sa- 
 mogneux." On the morning of October 8, a few other things 
 
54 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 were there beside the sign — a few heaps of rock and dust, 
 making the place look like a monument dealer's ill-kept back 
 yard or a deserted stone quarry. But a few days later there 
 was nothing but the sign. It marked the site of the viUage 
 of that name — ^beaten almost to powder before the Mary- 
 landers ever saw it ; reduced to nothing at all during the days 
 that followed. 
 
 It was just beyond Samogneux that Maryland's Own Regi- 
 ment "jumped off" — between Samogneux and Brabant, a 
 kilometer and a half away. The German outposts were in 
 Brabant. 
 
 An hour after he had made his "live-or-die" decision and 
 his brigade, was on the way to either ignominy or glory. 
 Colonel Caldwell got from the French the message he had 
 been waiting for. "D Day" was Tuesday, October 8; "H 
 Hour" was 5 o'clock in the morning. 
 
 They started at 5 o'clock, two companies of the First Bat- 
 talion in the first line deployed as skirmishers and two com- 
 panies in support advancing in line of combat groups. Spread 
 widely over the fields, woods and roads they were arranged 
 like checkers on a board, so that enemy shells landing among 
 them would hurt the fewest possible men. No artillery 
 bombardment heralded their advance, but just as they 
 started a rolling barrage came down in front of them, mov- 
 ing on ahead of them as they advanced. 
 
 Thus went Maryland's Own over the top to strike the first 
 blow in the battle that would decide (in von der Marwitz's 
 own words) "the fate of the German people." 
 
 Their first encounters were with Austrians, whom they 
 swept off their feet with the suddenness of their attack. They 
 were ragged, scrubby-looking men; two or three among the 
 first bunch they sent back had but one shoe apiece, but to 
 the Maryland soldiers they looked like a million dollars. 
 They were the One Hundred and Fifteenth's first prisoners. 
 
 By 9 o'clock they had captured Malbrouck Hill, three 
 kilometers and a half away from the jump-off. On the crest 
 of this hill was a strong line of trenches which the Germans 
 called the "Branbanter Stellung." Major Barrett's men 
 pounced upon it and mopped it up in almost as little time 
 as it takes to tell it. Lieutenant Jobes, of A Company, had 
 
THE END OF THE "INVINCIBLE VERDUN LINE." 55 
 
 been killed, but the whole attack was moving like clockwork. 
 Brigade headquarters — Colonel Caldwell and Major Finley, 
 Lieut. Richard Feam and Lieut. Hugh McCoy, and the de- 
 tachment of telephone men and motorcycle riders, who were 
 still working at top speed as they had been working all 
 night — ^waiting anxiously in a dugout on the Cote de Talou 
 within sight of Dead Man 's hill for news from the advancing 
 line, got message after message full of nothing but good 
 news. Resistance was being overcome as fast as it de- 
 veloped; prisoners were coming back in parades; French 
 artillerymen along the road turned from the hot guns with 
 which they had been defending Verdun on this same ground 
 for four weary years, and cheered as the Austrians and Ger- 
 mans trudged down along the Meuse with their doughboy 
 guards. 
 
 One company was detailed to mop up the ground between 
 the left flank of the One Hundred and Fifteenth and the 
 canal that bordered the Meuse, for the Thirty-third Division 
 had not yet crossed the river to join in the attack. When 
 they did come the Chicagoans, to quote a German corps re- 
 port taken later from a prisoner, "in broad daylight crossed 
 the Meuse and went with a single bound into the Bois de 
 Chaume." It was the dash of the One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth that made the entry of the Thirty-third possible, and 
 it forced the Germans to suddenly extend their, defensive 
 front to 11 kilometers. 
 
 Smoothly and quickly Major Hancock's battalion, which 
 had been following Major Barrett's at a distance of 500 
 meters, executed a "passage of lines," filtering through the 
 First Battalion now resting for a few minutes in the hard- 
 won trenches on Malbrouck Hill and passing down the slope, 
 across the ravine and into the Consenvoye woods. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifteenth was now up against the 
 Germans' main line of resistance, the "Hagen Stellung," 
 which ran along the southern part of the Bois de Chaume. 
 Bois de Consenvoye and Bois de Haumont, from west to 
 east. This line General von der Miarwitz, of the Fifth Army, 
 had ordered held at all costs. 
 
 But at the end of the day Hancock's men — Elkton and 
 HyattsviUe soldiers of the old First Maryland and Balti- 
 
56 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 more men from the old Fifth and Fourth — had reached the 
 edge of MoUeville clearing, nearly two kilometers deep in 
 the Oonsenvoye Woods, and the Hagen Stellung was no more. 
 
 Do not imagine that all they had to do was to walk 
 through the woods like strollers hunting for beautiful au- 
 tumn leaves. There was death in every step of their ad- 
 vance. Her^ were the deadly machine-gun nests whose tricks 
 they had studied to beat in the days in Alsace when the Vir- 
 ginians relieved them for a time. The bushes and the trees 
 were full of them, lurking behind screens of leaves and 
 brush that hid them, and striking unseen like rattlesnakes — 
 and more fatal. But what "strolling" it was possible for 
 human men to go through a place like that (and none who 
 did not see them fight realizes the possibilities for super- 
 humian things in these plain men from Maryland), these 
 men of the One Hundred and Fifteenth did; and, as I say, 
 they reached the edge of MoUeville Clearing that evening 
 before dark. 
 
 There developed a weak place in the line of the Fifty- 
 eighth Brigade. It was at the point where the One Hundred 
 and Fifteenth and One Hundred and Sixteenth should have 
 joined. They had not joined, and nightfall found a gap be- 
 tween them with the One Hundred and Sixteenth about 500 
 meters behind on the right. Major Hancock filled the gap 
 by "refusing his right flank" — ^that is, drawing the right of 
 his battalion back 500 meters to connect with the One Hun- 
 dred and Sixteenth. If that gap had remained open during 
 the night and the Germans had counter-attacked there they 
 might have broken through and outflanked the Second Bat- 
 talion. But the Marylanders were overlooking nothing. 
 
57 
 
 Chapter IX. 
 'WE ARE GOING AHEAD!' 
 
 In the meantime the Third Battalion, under Captain 
 Woodcock, had come into the fight. Following the Second 
 at a distance of 1,000 meters it had come to the Intermediate 
 Objective on Malbrouck Mil. Receiving no word from the 
 Second Battalion that the normal objective — ^the German's 
 main line of resistance — had been taken, the battalion at 
 12.30 advanced and entered the Bois de Consenvoye on the 
 left. As Major Hancock's men had done, these men from 
 Salisbury, Silver Springs, Orisfield and Annapolis with the 
 men from the old Baltimore regiments, lunged into a for- 
 est of machine-gun nests and mopped them up without mercy. 
 Reaching the Normal Objective they dug in for the night 
 and established liaison with the Thirty-third Division on 
 the left. Col. Reckord, directing the regiment's advance 
 from across the river directly opposite the German posi- 
 tions, had moved to the east bank and established his P. C. in 
 a recently captured German dugout in the Cote des Roches, 
 a few hundred yards south of Brabant. 
 
 It was in the side of the hill on the main road, and all 
 along that road ambulances were rolling and supply trains 
 were struggling to get up more ammunition and food. The 
 Germans had worked hard to handicap traffic. Just below 
 Brabant they had planted a mine in the center of the road, 
 but Blue and Gray engineers had discovered it and blown it 
 up before trucks came up. It made a crater big enough to 
 hold the foundations and cellar of a house, so the engineers 
 gouged into the hillside and built a new road around it. Be- 
 tween Brabant and Malbrouck Hill they had blocked the 
 road with masonry from the ruined village — ^immense bowl- 
 ders piled high and deep, so that it would seem to take a 
 week to clear it away. But Maj. Fred Vinup put a gang 
 of German prisoners to work on it and under the goading of 
 their guards they cleared it in an hour and a half. 
 
 At 6 o'clock next morning (Wednesday, October 9), came 
 the first counter-attack. As Colonel Reckord and Major Han- 
 
58 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 cock had expected it was aimed at the point where the gap 
 had been the day before, and the brunt of it fell on the right 
 flank of the Second Battalion of the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth. 
 
 It was a battalion of Saxons, rated as among the best 
 troops in the Fifth Army, but it struck a stone wall when it 
 struck that One Hundred and Fifteenth — a stone wall that 
 opened hospitably, however, just long enough to swallow up 
 a whole company and take it prisoner. The rest of the bat- 
 talion was repulsed with heavy losses, but in falling back 
 the Germans left groups of machine gunners in the woods 
 about 200 meters in front of the Maryland line. 
 
 French Corps Headquarters hear-d of the counter-attack 
 and immediately dispatched a message to Colonel Eeckord 
 ordering him to retake at once all the ground he had lost. 
 It was in answer to this message that tjie Maryland colonel 
 hastily penciled the reply: 
 
 'Have no ground to retake, for we have lost none. "We 
 are going ahead." 
 
 And so the One Hundred and Fifteenth stood on the eve- 
 ning of the second day of its first attack in the American 
 Army's great Argonne-Meuse battle, having won about six 
 kilometers of territory from the Germans, having broken the 
 "invincible German front of Verdun," and having repulsed 
 a counter-attack. They had not won these things cheaply. 
 Good Maryland men lay dfead back there through the woods 
 and more were back in the hospitals with their bodies torn 
 and their souls yearning to get back and into the fight. For 
 the battle was not over; they were "going ahead." 
 
 Next day— the tenth— came the battle of MoUeville Farm. 
 The First Battalion, freshened a little now with the brief 
 rest on Malbrouck Hill, passed through the Second Battalion, 
 and the Third Battalion advanced with the First. 
 
 MoUeville farm lay in the bottom of a cleared ravine to 
 the right of the main road running through Consenvoye 
 wood, and the advance of Woodcock's men would take it out 
 of the edge of a part of the woods into the clearing. Every 
 inch of this clearing, including the ruined farm buildings, 
 was in full sight of German gunners' in the edge of the Bois 
 
" WE ABE GOING AHEAD ! " 59 
 
 de Plat Chene, which carpeted the top of the opposite Mil — 
 Richene hill. 
 
 The Germans made full use of their advantage. Into both 
 the First and Third Battalion they poured a withering hail 
 of machine-gun bullets as the Marylanders came on. The 
 Third encountered the heavier fire and was held back in the 
 Consenvoye woods. Capt. John Wade, of M Company, was 
 killed at almost the outset of the attack. Captain Woodcock 
 called for artillery fire on the German maehine-gun posi- 
 tions in the Bois de Plat Chene ; and for 15 minutes Ameri- 
 can 75s from the One Hundred and Fifty-eighth Artillery 
 Bdigade beal^ upon the enemy. Then, through the fog and 
 smoke that filled the valley, the Third Battalion, supported 
 on the left by Company D, of the First Battalion, under 
 Capt. Herbert L. Grymes, swept down upon MoUeville farm. 
 
 Up the opposite slope Woodcock's men swept on — ^up and 
 over Eichene Hill and the First kept on through the eastern 
 part of the forest. 
 
 The German trenches and machine-gun emplacement along 
 the edge of the woods had been battered to nothing by the 
 artillery. Nests that had escaped, the Maryland men took 
 with their bayonets, and snipers in the trees they brought 
 down like hunters stalking birds. The prisoners that came 
 back now were not the scrubby, tired sort of men that were 
 taken in the first day of the attack, but real Germans — ^big, 
 strong fellows and full of fight. The Marylanders were up 
 against the best Germany had. 
 
 They dug in here and prepared to hold what they had 
 won, but the next counter-attack, when it came on October 11, 
 was against the One Hundred and Sixteenth, on the right. 
 By this time the rest of the Blue and Gray Division had 
 come into the fight and General Morton was directing the 
 operations of his men under the French Cojps. On the 
 day of this counter-attack the New Jersey men of the One 
 Hundred and Thirteenth and two companies of the One 
 Hundred and Eleventh Machine-gun Battalion, under Major 
 Millard B. Tydings, of Maryland, attacked the Bois de la 
 Reine and the Bois d'Ormont. On October 12 the One Hun- 
 dred and Fourteenth, also from New Jersey, and the two 
 remaining companies of the One Hundred and Eleventh 
 
60 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 MacHne-gun Battalion, attacked the Bois d'Ormont from the 
 south. 
 
 Every day and every night the German big guns poured 
 heavy fire into the positions our men had taken. But noth- 
 ing could shake them loose. They lived now in little scooped- 
 out places in the earth, protected from the view of the Ger- 
 man aviators by roofs of branches and by the few scattered 
 trees that had survived terrific bombardments. These avia- 
 tors circled constantly over the woods, and upon the slight- 
 est stirring around they would swoop down and rake the 
 place with machine-gun bullets. Runners, whose duties kept 
 them constantly afoot in the forests and along the roads with 
 messages, were frequently victims of the boche flyers and 
 the boche artillery, which searched the country with gas and 
 high explosive. 
 
 On the morning of October 15 the One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth began an attack on the Bois de la Grande Montague, 
 the biggest forest in the area. The Third Battalion under 
 Woodcock was the assaulting battalion, covering a front 
 about a kilometer long. The Virginians of the One Hundred 
 and Sixteenth attacked at the same time on the right, but 
 met such vigorous opposition that the Marylauders were 
 forced to stay their advance in order to keep contact with 
 the Virginians. 
 
 At this stage of the battle the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 was called upon to help the One Hundred and Sixteenth. 
 From the start of the operation the Virginians had had diffi- 
 culty in keeping abreast of the Marylanders. Colonel Eeek- 
 ord was constantly "refusing his right flank," that is draw- 
 ing it back after it had gained its objective, to preserve 
 liaison with the One Hundred and Sixteenth, and to close 
 the gap through which the Germans might strike. The Ger- 
 mans had sensed the situation and continued to resist the 
 Virginians fiercely. So Col. J. M]cA. Palmer, who in the m|idst 
 of the fight had succeeded Colonel Caldwell as commander 
 of the Fifty-eighth Brigade, ordered the Second Battalion 
 of Marylanders over to help the Virginians. 
 
 Capt. Thomas McNicholas was commanding the Second at 
 that time. Major Hancock having been completely worn out 
 with sleeplessness, shell-shock and a touch of gas. Major Bar- 
 
u 
 
 SIVRY 
 
 FRO/vr 
 
 ^»WW^ 
 
 WOODS 
 
 C 
 
 ■jgTH FRENCH 
 
 t^E VJ&, 
 
 m^'o:^. 
 
 '(CHAUME. 
 vvVOODS; 
 
 VcFenl ' 
 
 VMOOD3, 
 
 WTVJ 
 
 ^. ETRAYE -n?(^'> 
 f4 aa-i" WOODS. 
 
 "'"^^'a^S 
 
 ^vyc^u^ 
 
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 vA/, 
 
 ,26t'*as 
 
 [CONSENVOYE 
 
 'HALBROUK'p^V 
 
 )RMOm 
 
 
 
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 fBRABANT 
 
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 HOUMONT 
 
 |8^-"FRENCH 
 
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 REGNEVILLEO ))) SAflOGNEUX 
 
 4 
 
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 tA 
 
 This map, reproduced from an original map prepared in France by the Intelligence Section, Twenty-ninth Division, clearly shows the 
 division's part in the First American Army's Meuse-Argonne operation. On October 8, at 5 o'clock A. M., the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
 Infantry "Maryland's Own," attacked northward in the center of the sector marked "29th U. S." The spaces between the lines marked with 
 dates show the extent of the regiment's advance between those dates. The city of Verdun is 11 kilometers south of the village of Samogneux, 
 from which the One Hundred and Fifteenth jumped off. 
 
"we aee going ahead." 61 
 
 rett was in much the same condition, but both had hung on, 
 half dead though they were, until ordered from their posts 
 and sent back to hospitals. Captain Woodcock commanding 
 the Third was the only battalion commander still able to 
 stick to his command, and he was kept busy dodging doc- 
 tors who thought he ought to quit. 
 
 Captains and lieutenants were gaunt and hollow-eyed and 
 thick stubbles of beard were on their faces. Their clothes 
 were ripped and caked with mud. The men were in the 
 same condition. As though a storm of proportions more ter- 
 ric than any jstorm the mind can imagine had swept through 
 the forest, the ground behind the One Hhindred and Fif- 
 teenth was a terrible wreck and strewn with wreckage- 
 human wreckage, some of it, for the bodies of our Maryland 
 men lay there, some of theni as though they merely slept, 
 with an arm under the head for a pillow, and the good old 
 rifle alongside, and a knee doubled up, perhaps, for comfort. 
 
 But there was no sleep for the gallant One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth in the Verdun fight — except the sleep of death. 
 
 McNicholas took his men across the country in the night 
 and reported to Col. R. H. KeUey, commanding the Vir- 
 ginians. Colonel Kelley threw them into the line at once, 
 putting Company F, under Capt. Philip Mclntyre, and Com- 
 pany G, under Lieut. Merrill Rosenfeld, into the front. 
 Capt. Henry Robb, of Company 6, had been sent to the 
 hospital. 
 
 It was here that Rosenfeld was killed, on the morning of 
 October 16, when, with Marylanders now spread along the 
 front of virtually the entire Fifty-eighth Brigade, the attack 
 swept ahead irresistibly. A machine-gun bullet got him, 
 leading his company. So fierce did the German resistance 
 become during the day that in the afternoon Com]^any H 
 was sent up to fill a gap in the front litfe. The advance 
 ended at dusk, with the lower edge of the Bois de la Grande 
 Montague in the hands of the Marylanders and Virginians. 
 
62 MAEYIiAND FIGHTERS IN THE GEEAT WAR. 
 
 Chaptek X. 
 THE LAST FIGHT. 
 
 Early next morning — 5.15 to be exact — ^men of Company 
 H, lying in the woods along a little German tramway that 
 ran along the eastern edge of the forest, heard coming to- 
 ward them the tramp of many heavy feet. Almost as soon 
 as they heard it a little group of boches was upon them, not 
 looking for a fight but bearing a great can of hot coffee and 
 several loaves of bread. It was a ration detail, hunting for 
 the German line which it did not know was now held by the 
 Americans. As quick as thought the men of H Company 
 opened to let the ration detail through, then closed in be- 
 hind it and captured it. 
 
 But following the ration detail came a long file of Ger- 
 man soldiers, with packs, rifles and machine-guns — rein- 
 forcements apparently — ^totally ignorant of the fact that 
 their line of the evening before was in the hands of the One 
 Hundred and Fifteenth. There were about 100 of them. 
 
 The Company H men waited until they were very 
 close then cut loose into them with their rifles. Taken 
 completely by surprise, the Germans broke and scat- 
 tered. The Marylanders took their captain and several of 
 the men prisoners and killed and drove back the rest. This 
 was one of the links of a long chain of evidences that the 
 German order of battle opposite the Blue and Gray Division 
 had become almost demoralized. Those in front would be 
 beaten back and the others would never know it. Among 
 prisoners takeu by a single battalion of the One Hundred 
 and Fifteenth there would be Germans from perhaps a half 
 dozen different divisons. Things were badly tangled in the 
 German Army during those days. 
 
 And finally, on October 23, came the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth's last fight. It was a battle for the ridge of the 
 Bois d'Etraye from which the Germans looked down upon 
 the One Hundred and Fifteenth's and Sixteenth's positions 
 in the Bois de la Grande Montagne. 
 
 New Jersey men of the One Hundred and Thirteenth, some 
 
THE LAST FIGHT. 63 
 
 of them commanded by Major James G. Knight and Major 
 Kalph Hutchins, and Virginians of the One Hundred and 
 Sixteenth, attacked toward the east and the First Battalion 
 cf "Maryland's Own" attacked toward the north — a covering 
 attack that would hold the Germans in check while the right 
 of the line was brought up abreast of the One Hundred and 
 FifteentL 
 
 One of the fiercest fights of all the Blue and Gray's op- 
 erations was this battle for Etraye Eidge. The First Bat- 
 talion fought desperately against the German's heaviest con- 
 centration of machine guns. Lieut. Harry Webb, of Com- 
 pany D, standing up a moment in the woods to look over the 
 line — just a momient — ^was shot down instantly and killed. 
 His Maryland comrades never recovered his body, though 
 Chaplain Frederick Reynolds and Capt. Winfield Harward, 
 of Company B, went up to the woods after the armistice to 
 hunt for it. Efforts were made to recover it the night Webb 
 was killed, but the Germans kept the spot hot with machine- 
 gun fire. 
 
 So terrific was the battle for Etraye Ridge ttat on the 
 night of the 23rd the First Battalion was taken out and the 
 Second took over the line, and on the 25th the Third Bat- 
 talion relieved the Second. It was on the 25th that Etraye 
 Ridge was finally taken and held. 
 
 On October 27th the One Hundred and Sixteenth was re- 
 lieved and the One Hundred and Fifteenth was ordered to 
 hold both sectors ; so the night of October 28-29 found Mary- 
 land's Own Regiment holding the line that marked the limits 
 of the advances of the Blue and Gray Division. 
 
 Twenty-one days in line — steady, terrible fighting all the 
 time — ^little food, scarcely any sleep — 131 officers and men 
 killed — a total casualty list in this single operation of 1,031 
 Maryland men! 
 
 And the "fate of the Germaii people" decided — against 
 the German Army, with the "invincible Verdun resistance" 
 demoralized and pushed back nearly eight kilometers. 
 
 On that night (October 28-29), the Blue and Gray was re- 
 lieved by the Seventy-ninth, the Camp Meade Division, the 
 Three Hundred and Sixteenth taking the One Hundred and 
 Fifteenth's sector. The regiment marched by companies 
 
64 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 back to the Cote des Roches, where Colonel Eeckord had had 
 his P. C. on the second day of the battle. The Germans 
 shelled the whole area heavily while the comipanies were 
 inarching back; ten men were wounded in one platoon by a 
 single high explosive shell. 
 
 They returned again to the area around Bar-le-duc, where 
 they had waited in army reserve while the September drive 
 was starting, and there they were when the war ended less 
 than two weeks later. And a glorious night it was back 
 there then, with the French country folk, sobbing through 
 their laughter, showering the men with flowers and embrac- 
 ing them; and with rockets soaring into the s^ and the 
 band tearing things loose; and Colonel Reckord, the god 
 and idol of his men, hoisted willy-niUy to boxes and porches 
 to make speeches. Quite different from the last days of Sep- 
 tember, 
 
 Now they went to Fresnes, France, and in the small vil- 
 ages round about. Colonel Reckord 's headquarters were in 
 Fresnes. The village was far back in the country, below the 
 Belfort-Paris railroad line, where the war had never been 
 heard. There they waited to come home. 
 
 And that is the end of their story. The true story of 
 no regiment in the American Expeditionary Forces will ever 
 have more in it of glory, sacrifice and the pure, undreamed- 
 of heroism of plain American manhood. 
 
The Story of the 3 1 3th 
 
67 
 
 Chapter XI. 
 BALTIMORE'S CITIZEN SOLDIERS GO TO WAR. 
 
 Maryland first gave her sons to the new American citizen 
 army on September 26, 1917. They did not "spring to 
 arms" (as certain statesmen had fondly hoped some months 
 before), "between smirise and sunset." They sprang to 
 suit-cases and travelling bags and their oldest clothes and 
 arrived at Camp Meade, a vast city of wooden barracks on 
 the sands of Anne Arundel County on that hot September 
 day with no arms but the two with which they had been born. 
 
 From their first training camp days to the day of their 
 embarkation for Europe, their story is very different from 
 the story of the Maryland National Guardsmen. Their very 
 presence in the new camp on September 26, represented the 
 existence of an idea that had, until that moment, been en- 
 tirely unknown in American history. It was the idea that 
 American citizens would and could give up the practical 
 fruits and advantages of "American liberty" and "Ameri- 
 can freedom" and consent to live for a time under a system 
 which had for its very foundation the denial of the sort of 
 liberty and freedom they had been used to all their lives. 
 
 In other words, they consented to let themselves be taken 
 into an army to fight. Abandoning the reasoning that the 
 only possible sort of American soldier was the soldier who 
 made up his own mind to enlist and enlisted voluntarily, 
 they adopted the reasoning that an American could be a 
 soldier and a good one by letting his government make up 
 his mind for him and enlist him when it needed him. 
 
 All this was at a time when the American government was 
 making up the mind of the American people on pretty near- 
 ly every subject, with the fuU consent of the American 
 people. It was America's own government — ^the nation 
 itseK had chosen it and had confidence in it. Luckily the 
 mind that, being made up, represented the will of the na- 
 tion, was the mind of President Wilson. So that the people 
 adopted as their own the decisions he made with a feeling of 
 pride in the thought that they had known the master mind 
 
68 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 of the age when they saw it and had lost no time in putting 
 it to work for the good of the nation. 
 
 Thus came about such tremendous sights as that of a 
 column of men carrjdng their luggage along dusty roads, 
 with a band tooting away at the head and a big blue flag 
 borne aloft bearing the number "313"; and standing off re- 
 garding this marching, singing column, little groups of 
 veteran soldiers in uniforms with stars or eagles on their 
 shoulders, thinking (and saying, too), "So this is some of 
 that new army we've got to teach how to fight!" 
 
 The number "313" on the blue flag was the number of a 
 new infantry regiment to which the men in this column and 
 other Baltimoreans coming later, were to belong. The Three 
 Htundred Thirteenth was to be an all-Baltimore regimient. 
 The band that led this column of mten of assorted sizes and 
 conditions, was the regimental band of the Three Hundred 
 Thirteenth. It had been organized before the regiment it- 
 self was organized. For the bit of foresight represented by 
 that fact — ^for the existence of a brass band playing inspirit- 
 ing music — a tangible pleasant-sounding bit of evidence to a 
 somewhat bewildered bunch of men that they "belonged to 
 something" and had something they could develop a fra- 
 ternal pride in, those who honor the Three Hundred Thir- 
 teenth Infantry mtast thank Colonel Claude B. Swteezey, 
 U. S. A. 
 
 Colonel Sweezey was the comlmiander of the Three Thir- 
 teenth. He was the original Three Thirteenth; because for 
 several days before September 26, there was nothing at aU to 
 the Three Thirteenth but a wooden building with a sign read- 
 ing "Headquarters, 313th Infantry," and Colonel Sweezey, 
 a veteran soldier and ofScer in the regular army of the United 
 States. 
 
 What was happening that day at Camp Meade was hap- 
 pening in other great camps all over the nation on the same 
 and succeeding days. It was the gathering of the biggest 
 and newest part of the greatest army the world had ever 
 «een. And the part most significant, too, of the real sincerity 
 of America's conclusion that liberty and the democracy of 
 peoples was now a bigger thing than the liberty and de- 
 mocracy of mere persons. 
 
Baltimore's citizen soldiees go to was. 69 
 
 The new Three Hundred Thirteenth Infantry became a 
 working regiment immediately. Its men were uniformed, 
 divided into companies and battalions, put to work on drill 
 fields. The regiment was a part of an infantry brigade, the 
 157th, commanded by Brigadier-General William J. Nichol- 
 son, and the 157th Brigade became a part of the Seventy- 
 ninth Division, commianded by Major-General Joseph E. 
 Kuhn. 
 
 With the band as a working basis, a regimental spirit 
 grew quickly in the Three Hundred Thirteenth. Other out- 
 fits came into being at Camp Meade, some of them from 
 Philadelphia, and the Three Thirteenth had the pride of its 
 own city of Baltimore to fall back upon and to defend. How 
 well it was defended one miay know from the fact that the 
 Three Thirteenth came quickly to be recognized as the best 
 regiment in the Seventy-ninth Division, and held that repu- 
 tation throughout the war. 
 
 Rivalry within the regiment itself helped foster the regi- 
 mental spirit. Men from one section of Baltimore managed 
 to get into one company, and mien from another section into 
 another company. Company A, for instance was made up 
 almost entirely of East Baltimore men. Company P, being 
 mostly from the Tenth Ward, called themselves "The Irish 
 Pusileers. ' ' And there were the favorite companies of South 
 Baltimore and West Baltimore and Northwest Baltimore. 
 
 As quickly as this regimient of citizen soldiers developed a 
 pride in its organization its members developed a pride in 
 themselves as soldiers. There came to them that subtle, in- 
 explicable thing called "morale." Men came to light in the 
 ranks (as men had come to light in the seats of the nation's 
 government), who objected to the whole thing — the war, the 
 army, the process that had put them where they were — 
 everything. And as the spirit of the nation had overwhelmed 
 the "conscientious objectors" in the United States Senate, 
 the spirit of the Three Thirteenth overwhelmed the same 
 sorts of men in the regiment. 
 
 Again and again men were transferred from the Three 
 Thirteenth to other regiments in other divisions, for immedi- 
 ate service overseas. The regiment was broken time after 
 lime, but the spirit never broke. New men came in with 
 
70 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 new drafts, and they all caught the pride of the organiza- 
 tion. Its football team was beaten, and the baseball team 
 lost the championship of the division by a narrow margin, 
 but the men always came up for more, and the regiment al- 
 ways bet its money on the teams of the 313th. 
 
 Gradually the mjen ,cast off the last ties "that bound them to 
 the old, peaceful civilian life. They grew strong physically 
 — stronger than ever in their lives. They acquired the looks, 
 the speech, the bea.ring of soldiers, and when they paraded 
 before Secretary of War Baker (as they did several times), 
 no oae would have imagined that they hadn't been in the 
 regular armjy for years. 
 
 Aud on A'pril 7, 1918, the day after they had passed in 
 review down Baltimore street before President Wilson, they 
 hiked under heavy packs, all the way back to Camp Meade, 
 a distance of 23 miles. A few months before they, had got- 
 ten out of breath walking up the hill behind the band carry- 
 ing their suit-cases ! 
 
 In and through and above everything though they 
 thought of the thing that some day, late or soon, was coming 
 to them all — the orders to go to France. Often it looked as 
 though they would never come to the Three Thirteenth as a 
 regiment. So many of the old crowd had been taken away. 
 Thousands of men had come and gone, so that almost every 
 week the regim,ent was almlost a brand-new outfit with more 
 "rookies" in it than trained soldiers. Things looked hope- 
 less — for be it known that besides mK>rale and regimental 
 spirit, the men of the Three Thirteenth, for so brief a time 
 away from the old peaceful life, had developed also a fervent 
 wish to get into the fighting in France. All their hopes for 
 the future tended toward France and the front line. 
 
 The news from across the ocean wlas fuU of dire portent. 
 Nothing seemed to stop the Germans for more than a little 
 time. Every day an advance somewhere . was reported in. 
 dispatches— every day the Allied line, bolstered up here and 
 there by a few Americans, seemed to weaken in a new place. 
 To the men at Oamjp Meade the very sand that covered the 
 country even while it slipped beneath their feet seemed to be- 
 saying, "Hurry! Hurry!" 
 
 And when finally they wentr-they simply went. 
 
Baltimore's citizen soldiers go to war. 71 
 
 General Kuhn and General Nicholson and Colonel Sweezey 
 got the news a few days before the Fourth of July, and kept 
 it a dead secret. On the evening of July 5, the First Bat- 
 talion marched away to the train and at 6.30 they were on 
 board and roUdng toward Hoboken. That was Friday. The 
 other two battalions were to go next day. 
 
 The regular Saturday afternoon crowds of- Baltimoreans 
 came down to Camp Meade that day, bringiag candy for the 
 men and eomifortable things to wear and books to read. And 
 people who sought the men of the First Battalion found 
 empty barracks. 
 
 Like wildfire the news spread through the crowd of visi- 
 tors to the oamp. The Three Hundred Thirteenth was go- 
 ing to France! Some of it had already gone! Then they 
 discovered that for two weeks telegranns and telephone calls 
 from Oamtp Meade had been censored. Somehow all this 
 information got up to Baltimiore aad something like chaos 
 broke loose. Drawing rooms, libraries, kitchens, offices were 
 suddenly deserted and an avalanche of soldiers' families 
 swept down upon Camp Meade. Some of them got to the 
 Three Thirteenth's section, but more did not, because a guard 
 was thrown around the regiment, and soon all visitors were 
 ordered away. 
 
 Before dark the last of the Three Thirteenth was gone. 
 
 Two evenings later, July 8, the regiment, most of it aboard 
 the giant transport Leviathan, was gliding out of New York 
 Harbor past the Statue of Liberty, while the lights of the 
 city began gleaming out of the dusk and the torch in the 
 hand of the goddess leaped into flame. , 
 
72 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter XII. 
 UP TO VERDUN FOE THE "GiiEATEST BATTLE." 
 
 General Eulm's Seventy-ninth Division arrived in Prance 
 close to the end of July; the last units were off the boats on 
 July 31, 1918, and they began to pile into the Tenth Train- 
 ing Area on August 1, almost on the heels of the Twenty- 
 ninth — the Blue and GDray. 
 
 The turn of the tide in the great war and the advent in 
 France of Ool. Claude B. Sweezey's Three Hundred and 
 Thirteenth Infantry from' Baltimore occurred on the same 
 day. The big liner Leviathan disehairged her cargo of men 
 at Brest on July 15, 1918 ; 'and on Jtdy 15 Greneral Gtouraud's 
 Fourth Army, iacluding one Almerican division — the Rain- 
 bow — ^was stopping in its tracks the last great German of- 
 fensive in the Clhamipagne before Chalons. 
 
 The Three Thirteenth was billeted in the town of Qhamp- 
 litte, in the Tenth Area, where the One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth had been before it. They probably never will forget 
 the words "Maryland" and "Baltimore" in this little 
 French city, because for nearly two months the American 
 soldiers who lived with them and celebrated with them their 
 own and our own great holidays, and who rejoiced with them 
 at the news of victories that came down from the fighting 
 between Soissons and Eheims, were all Maryland and Balti- 
 more soldiers. 
 
 As with the Twenty-ninth, headquarters of the Seventy- 
 ninth were at Prauthoy. The men from Meade were as- 
 signed to the Fourth Army Corps when they arrived, but on 
 August 13 they were transferred to the Sixth Corps. On 
 the old battle fields of Csesar and the Gauls and on the old 
 plains the French armlies of peace years had used in sum- 
 mer maneuvers, the Three Thirteenth got its polish in bayo- 
 net fighting, in grenade throwing, in patrolling, in firing 
 its rifles to Mil. 
 
 On August 26 it became a unit of the First American 
 Army, newly bom to the world in France. Other divisions 
 in that armjy were gathering near Langres, not far away, for 
 
UP TO VERDUN FOR THE "GREATEST BATTLE." 73 
 
 America's first big-scale operation of the war, to be planned 
 and executed upon its own responsibility. They were 
 veteran divisions, had seen the worst sort of fighting, and the 
 Seventy-ninth was still in the learning stage of develop^ment. 
 
 While most of this army was gathering around St. Mihiel, 
 the Three Thirteenth started toward the front on September 
 9, with its pockets loaded with money. Within a week it had 
 received as its first pay in France the accumulated income of 
 two months. Uhder new packs, fuU of extra shirts, blankets 
 and underwear, with new overcoats, hobnailed shoes and 
 steel helmets,' it hiked to Oyereres, where it started a box-car 
 trip to the Robert Egpagne Area, near Bar-le-Duc. Very 
 promptly the Three Thirteenth named that village "Oys- 
 ters, ' ' for that is what is looked like on the signs and it was 
 much easier to say than Oyereres, besides having the tang 
 of the homje town about it. 
 
 The train trip ended in Longeville. There the Three Hun- 
 dred and Thirteenth stayed for three days awaiting orders. 
 They vrere about due to go into the front lines — the men 
 knew that. It vrould be a quiet sector, probably; every 
 other new division had gone from its training area into a 
 quiet sector. For one thing, when the American divisions 
 that had come over earlier had gone in there were few sectors 
 but quiet ones in which to put them, and for another thing 
 the French were a little dubious in those days about the 
 wisdom of letting the "untrained Americans" do any real 
 fighting. 
 
 But ail around and over the heads of the Three Hundred 
 and Thirteenth, as it waited quietly around Bar-le-Duc for 
 the hand of the General Staff to move it again over the chess- 
 board of war, a tremendous ganne was being planned and 
 played. The Three Hundred and Thirteenth, "untrained 
 Americans" by all the veteran standards of the French and 
 British, figured in the plans and "quiet sectors" did not. 
 
 The First American Army's first operation, directed en- 
 tirely by General Pershing with no help from the other Al- 
 lies (except the work of one French division detailed to 
 "mjop up" at the tip of the St. Mihiel salient) had been a 
 great success — greater than even the American Staff ex- 
 pected. General Pershing had turned immediately from St. 
 
74 MARYLAND FIGHTEES IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Mihiel to the Grerman military railroad running along be- 
 hind the entire G-erman line — the German army's main 
 artery, it's "jugular vein," which, severed, would mean de- 
 feat for Germany. 
 
 General Pershing's knowledge of the importance of this 
 railroad was not a particularly private bit of knowledge.. 
 Marshal Foch knew all about it and so did the British com- 
 manders. But a break through by the British would not 
 have hurt the railroad mtieh, unless the British victory 
 amiounted to a rout for the Germans, and on the French 
 front a break through looked impossible — had looked impos- 
 sible for four years. Sedan was the city and railhead near- 
 est to the front lines and between the French and Sedan the 
 Germans had constructed during those four years a defense 
 that gradually had come to he recognized as impregnable. 
 
 But it did not look impregnable to General Pershing; and 
 Marshal Foeh himself had, by this time, apparently come to 
 know that the "wild Americans" would stop at nothing. So 
 he was willing to let the First American Army's next major 
 operation be the beginning of a drive toward this German 
 railroad. It would either end with complete victory for the 
 Alllied arms and a German surrender, or it would prove merely 
 a new lei^on in "modern warfare" for the American Army — 
 probably teach them to be a little more cautious. 
 
 The attack was to be along the whole line from the west 
 bank of the Meuse River to the Argonne Forest, and it was 
 to begin on September 26. 
 
 The presence of the Seventy-ninth Division in the Robert 
 Bspagne area around Bar4e-Duc meant that it was going to 
 start the attack. And it had never heard the boom of a hos- 
 tile gun or the scream of a hostile shell ! 
 
 It was September 12, Baltimore's "Old Defender's Day," 
 when the Three Thirteenth got orders to proceed immediately 
 toward Verdun. Trains of French trucks were lined for miles 
 along the roadsides to take them up. The regiment waited 
 five dark hours in the rain that morning until orders eame to 
 get aboard and start, and while they waited they talked about 
 the celebrations Baltimore was probahlyliaving — how the folks 
 would be laying wreaths around the Wells and MoComas 
 
UP TO VERDUN FOR THE "GREATEST BATTLE." 75 
 
 moniunent and eulogizing the brave Baltimore boys who had 
 shot down the British General Ross in 1812; and wondering 
 whether those "brave boys" had ever waited all night in an 
 ocean of French mud for a ride on a rickety French truck. 
 
 The truck ride ended after dark that night at Dombasle, 
 west and a little north of Verdun — or rather in what was left 
 of Dombasle, for at this place the Three Thirteenth saw itq 
 first ruined French village. Dombasle had been within the 
 range of German guns for four years and it was battered out 
 of all semblance to a village. The regiment started away from 
 Dombasle immediately, in the night. 
 
 A French guide marched at the head of the column, and he 
 started toward the bivouac dugouts in the Foret de Hesse 
 along a road that led out of Dombasle to the left. It was a 
 steep road, very slippery with mud, and the packs were heavy, 
 and it wasn't until the Three Thirteenth had traversed it for 
 about four miles that the guide discovered he should have 
 taken the road to the right out of Dombasle. So the regiment 
 turned around, marched back to Dombasle and struck out 
 upon the other road. The hike to the bivouac, that should 
 haye been about five miles long, actually became a hike of 
 nearly ten miles. 
 
 Three days they stayed in the dugouts in a little nose of 
 the Foret de Hesse called the Bois de Pommes — though there 
 didn't appear to be an apple tree in the country for miles 
 around. And finally, on the mght of September 16, they went 
 into the front line, relieving the One Hundred and Fifty- 
 seventh French Division. 
 
 The Seventy-ninth Division took over a sector seven kilo- 
 meters long. In the line it faced, roughly, toward the north- 
 west, with the right flank about half a kilometer" southeast of 
 the village of Haucourt and the left flank a kilometer south- 
 west of the village of Avooourt. 
 
 The division's center rested in the southeastern end of the 
 Bois de Malancourt. The part of the line held by the Three 
 Thirteenth was along the northern edge of the village of Avo- 
 court itseif . Montf aucon, almost directly to- the north of the 
 division's center, was four kilometers from the right flank and 
 about eight kilometers from the left flank. Across the inter- 
 
76 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THK GREAT WAR. 
 
 vening space were the woods of Malanoourt, of Cheppy, of 
 Very and of Montfaucon, and between the northern edge of 
 this collection of forests and the hill of Montfaucon. itself was 
 an unwooded stretch of land two kilometers wide with a bare 
 hill 280 meters high in the middle of it. 
 
 So that the fight of the Seventy-ninth Division (if it should 
 have to fight up through that ground ahead of it, of which 
 possibility it was not yet fuly aware) would be through the 
 woods of Malancourt and Montfaucon, then across those two 
 kilometers of bare ground with its 280-meter hill in the mid- 
 dle, and up the hiU of Montfaucon, 342 meters high, with the 
 city on the top. 
 
 It was not yet fully aware of the work cut out for it. 
 Stretched across a seven-kilometer front, it was occupying a 
 sector big enough for two divisions, provided that sector re- 
 mained quiet. It knew that in an attack it would move for- 
 ward on a front only half as wid^ as that. But it knew, too, 
 that this was, not the "quiet sector" it had heard about — the 
 quiet sector of Toul or Luneville or Baccarat or Alsace. 
 
 This was Verdun. 
 
 Only 14 kilometers southeast of the Three Thirteenth's front 
 line was the city of Verdun itself. Less than halfway to Ver- 
 dun, visible to the Three Thirteenth on dear days, was Cote 
 304 — i>ead. Man's Hill — ^where the rains stiU washed the skele- 
 tons of French and German soldiers lying there yet, where 
 their bodies had fallen many months before ; Dead Man's Hill, 
 down whose slopes many human tides had receded in horror, 
 leaving it alone and unclean like a plague spot, until the Bun 
 again sought Verdun. 
 
 No, there was something else for the Three Thirteenth to do 
 besides holding on to its position in a quiet sector and finish- 
 ing its training in bayonet and rifle, grenade and patrol raid. 
 The Three Thirteenth knew that. The whole division was 
 under orders from the Fifth Corps to send out no patrols and 
 attempt no raids. The men of the Three Thirteenth could not 
 go out and familiarize themselves with the ground over which 
 they were to advance ; a bottomless pit might be yawning out 
 there before them for all they knew. But what was it they 
 were to do? 
 
UP TO VERDUN FOR THE "GREATEST BATTLE." 77 
 
 They began to find out on Septeamber 22. On that date the 
 Seventy-ninth Division was transferred to the Fifth Corps and 
 the Three Thirteenth moved over to the right. The division 
 was concentrating its forces. The right flank stayed where 
 it was, just southeast of Haucourt, but from a kilometer west 
 of Avocourt to a kilometer and a half east of that place, the 
 Seventy-ninth came out of the sector it had been holding and 
 moved toward the right. In other words, it bunched up into 
 half the space it had been occupying since the night of Sep- 
 tember 16. So to speak, it was gathering its muscles for a 
 mighty spring. 
 
 On September 25, General Pershing visited General Kuhn 
 at the Seventy-ninth Division's P. C, about one kilometer west 
 of Esnes and a kilometer and a half behind the front line. 
 Everything was ready now — the men from Meade knew at 
 last what they were about to go up against. They were to 
 start ofE on a big drive — the biggest drive the American 
 Army had ever been in, bigger than the St. Mihiel drive. 
 
 They were to get the Hun away from! those nests in which 
 he had lurked for four years seeking to snatch Verdun; to 
 break his apparently impregnable defenses and drive him back 
 ejid away and capture his precious railroad. 
 
 Late in the afternoon of September 25, Colonel Sweezey got 
 his orders. His Three Hundred and Thirteenth Infantry was 
 to attack next morning. He was to advance at "H Hour plus 
 30 minutes," behind a rolling barrage that should move at the 
 rate of 100 meters in four minutes. The path of his regi- 
 ment's advance would take it directly over the crest of Mont- 
 faueon, five and a half kilometers north of the jump-off. 
 
 At this point let me try to picture the situation of the Three 
 Hundred and Thirteenth as it stood waiting for the word to 
 move up to the jump-off ; the general plan of disposition of the 
 Seventy-ninth Division and how it was to be supported by 
 artillery, aeroplanes and tanks. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifty-seventh Infantry Brigade un- 
 der Brig.-Gen. William J. Nicholson was in the division's 
 front line. It was to launch the first shock of the attack. The 
 Three Hundred and Thirteenth was on the left. On the right 
 was the Three Hundred and Fourteenth, under Col. "William 
 
78 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 H. Oury. Of each of these regiments two battalions were in 
 the attacking line and one was in the brigade reserve. With 
 each regiment was one company of machine-gunners from the 
 Three Hundred and Eleventh Maohine-Gun Battalion tinder 
 Major C. M. DtiPuy, of Pittsburgh, in addition to the machine- 
 gun companies of the regiments. To the Three Hundred and 
 Thirteenth an extra platoon of DtiPluy's machine-gunners was 
 assigned to work with a platoon from the regiment itself, 
 forming a "combat liaison grOuip," charged with preserving 
 contact between the Three Hundred and Thirteenth and the 
 right flank of the front-line regiment of the Thirty-seventh 
 Division, which was attacking on the left of the Seventh-ninth. 
 The Baltimore regiment also had a half company from the 
 Firat Gas Eiegiment assigned to it. 
 
 In the division reserve was the One Hundred and Fifty- 
 eighth Infantry Brigade, commanded by Brig.-Gcn. Bobert H. 
 Noble, a Marylander by birth, with the Three Hundred and 
 Fifteenth and the Three Hundred and Sixteenth Infantry 
 regiments, and the Three Hundred and TweKth Machine-Gun 
 Battalion, under Major Stuart Janney, of Baltimore. In the 
 attack it was to foUow the attacking regiments at a distance 
 of about 1,000 meters. 
 
 Thirty-five batteries of field artillery, light and heavy, and 
 a battery of trench mortars were to support the diviMon, with 
 a preliminary bombardment and a rolling barrage. When the 
 75 's had reached the limit of their range, the barrage was 
 to be taken up by the 155 'a and the corps artillery. One regi- 
 ment of 75 's — ^The One Hundred and Forty-seventh — ^was to 
 follow the two attacking' infantry regiments forward as soon 
 as its barrage mission had been accomplished. 
 
 Flying above the advancing infantry to fight oE German 
 planes and keep the artillery in the rear informed of the ad- 
 vance of the Seventy-ninth's front line would be the Two Hun- 
 dred and Fourteenth French Aero Suadron. Two French 
 l^ank battalions were to accompany the doughboys, and the 
 Sixtb. American Balloon Company was to maintain observa- 
 tion for the division. 
 
 Thus carefully and completely was the Seventy-ninth, from 
 Camp Meade, prepared and equipped to start America's great- 
 
UP TO VERDUN FOR THE "CfREATEST BATTLE." 79 
 
 est battle ; and thus, according to the plans, it stood ready on 
 the night of September 25-26. 
 
 That night some of the men in the Three Thirteenth's in- 
 telligence section sat around Col. Sweezey's P. C. talking 
 things over. The barrage had started at 11.30, and it was a 
 terror. Far, far back around Bar-le-Diuc, 50 kilomSeters away, 
 the men of the Blue and Gray could hear it. Even a little 
 barrage would have been a wonderful thing to the Three 
 Thirteenth. They had never heard one, big or little. And 
 this tremendous thing dazed them and made them very quiet ; 
 for they knew it was being fired for them. When it stopped 
 they would start. So when they talked they talked about 
 queer, inconsequential things. 
 
 Privates Bill Conway and Bob Armstrong, for instance, sat 
 there discussing the strangely persistent presence of the num- 
 ber "13" in and around their immediate neighborhood. It 
 had been Friday, the 13th, when the regiment had arrived in 
 the Bois de Pommea, preparatory to taking the Avocourt 
 sector. That day, as soon as midnight had gone, would be 
 just 13 days ago. The date of the attack was just twice 13. 
 And there were 13 active men in the regimental intelligence 
 section, and the regiment itself was the Three Thirteenth! 
 Lucky or unlucky? 
 
 And there they sat discussing their luck while the barrage 
 raged around them; and at 4 o'clock in the imorning, Septem- 
 ber 26, Colonel Sweezey got his men into line for the jump-ofE, 
 and shells from the German batteries began landing into those 
 trenches the G«rmans knew so well, and men began getting 
 killed and wounded in the Three Thirteenth, though it hadn 't 
 even started to fight. When it started the great Argonne 
 drive there were gaps in the ranks that had not been there 
 the night before. 
 
 It started at 5.30 on the morning of September 26, 1918. 
 
80 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter XIII. 
 MONTPAUCON! 
 
 It may not be known to most Maryland people that wild 
 stories spread through Prance in the days imniediately fol- 
 lowing the opening of the Argonne-M»use offensive on Sep- 
 temiber 26, bearing upon the conduct of the Seventy-ninth 
 Division in the attack on Montfaucon. 
 
 They were ugly stories and they did not deserve repeti- 
 tion at that time. They do not deserve repetition now ex- 
 cept in so far as it may be considered necessary to prove 
 that they were and are untrue. It is possible for me to tell 
 exactly what the Seventy-ninth Division did in that fight; 
 and what they did is very different from what they were 
 rumored to have done. How different it is can best be shown 
 by recounting in a purely general way what the rumors were. 
 
 I heard it in the gossip around various miilitary head- 
 quarters; around Bar-le-Dtie where Press Headquarters w«is 
 stationed; in Paris, in rest areas, in leave areas — ^that the 
 Seventy-ninth Division had "run from the Germans." I 
 heard that the men had been "scattered like sheep" all over 
 the face of the country. I heard that after they had jumped 
 off from their trenches and advanced a little way, they had 
 become demoralized ; that their officers had drawn pistols and 
 threatened to shoot men who were retreating without orders. 
 
 I heard that they had been taken out after four days 
 (which was true as I knew), because they had been "simply 
 shot to pieces." Not an of^cer or a soldier I met for several 
 weeks after that fight failed to say something somewhere in 
 the course of a conversation, about the "failure of the Seven- 
 ty-ninth." The thing had spread like wildfire, and it was 
 so constantly before my notice that it miade me disgusted. 
 
 Por out of the whole mess of gossip one thing stood big 
 and clear — that Mbntfaucon had been taken — and Montfau- 
 con (so the mlaps plainly showed) was alniost six kilometers 
 away from the point at which the Seventy-ninth started the 
 attack. Purthermlore Montfaucon had been taken by the 
 Three Hxindred Thirteenth Infantry from Baltimore. 
 
MONTFAUCON ! 81 
 
 So it occurred to me that if such feats as an advance of 
 nearly six kilometers and the capture of a city on a hill 342 
 meters high had been performed by demoralized troops — 
 troops that had run from the enemy — troops that had to he 
 beaten into line with pistols — why then, a very wonderful 
 and interesting thing had happened in the American Army 
 in France, a thing that merited investigation. 
 
 And this that follows, taking up the story where we left 
 it in the preceding chapter, is what happened at Montfaueon 
 between Septemiber 26 and Septemiber 30, 1918 : 
 
 At 5.30 on the morning of September 26 the Three Hun- 
 dred and Thirteenth Infantry of Baltimore was on its way — 
 to attack and capture a hiU it couldn't see. 
 
 Almost in the path of the regimient, about three kilometers 
 from the jumI)-ofF, the Bois de Mbntfaucon stuck its nose 
 out into the plains halfway across the Seventy-ninth Divi- 
 sion's sector, and the city on the hill was behind that noee, 
 two kilometers away. Besides that, there rolled ahead of 
 the Three Hundred and Thirteenth a heavy screen of black 
 smoke. 
 
 For 25 minutes they fought nothing but barbed wire. Dur- 
 ing that time every one of the 90 guns behind the division 
 pounded the Germans' front-line trenches, to give the in- 
 fantry timte to get through its own entanglements. It got 
 through within the allotted period and started after the 
 enemy. 
 
 It was my privilege after the battle to walk with Colonel 
 Sweezey over the ground the Three Hiindred and Thirteenth 
 covered that mjoming. They were supposed to go over it, 
 keeping their formations so that the line would not be sag- 
 ging back in one place and forging ahead in another, at the 
 rate of 100 meters in four minutes. That was the si)eed at 
 which the rolling barrage was to move ahead of them and 
 the theory of the rolling barrage was that of a curtain con- 
 cealing and protecting men who must leap forth and kill the 
 moment it was lifted. Otherwise those of the enemy who had 
 survived the barrage woidd have time to gather their wits and 
 theiT arms before the attacking infantry came up. 
 
 The ground I saw might have been covered at the rate of 
 100 mieters in four minutes by a regiment of men with seven- 
 
82 MAEYIiAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 league boots, but not by men -with hob-nailed shoes, and legs 
 capable of normlal strides. The shell holes that covered the 
 face of the land lay almost rim to rim, and were deep. There 
 was no jumlping them. They had to be descended into on 
 one side and scaled like mountain sides on the other. Snarls 
 of barbed wire lay in the holes or up on the edges, torn and 
 tangled by shell-fire and as difSScult to pass as though they 
 had not been touched by shells. 
 
 So that it it no wonder that the Three Hlumdred and Thir- 
 teenth did not keep up with its barrage. The barrage moved 
 on, for moving it meant only elevating the mnzdes of the 
 guns a bit. But for the Three Hundred and Thirteenth 
 moving meant long battles with wire, up and down hillock 
 after hillock, all- dippery with deep mlid and fuU of boul- 
 ders, fallen trees and water. 
 
 The regiment never halted, but it moved slowly. 
 
 It moved the more slowly because the smoke screen which 
 was to hide it from the enemjy hid it from itself. The men 
 got lost in the gray fog; they were bunched in some parts 
 of the line, in other parts there were big gaps. 
 
 But with Colonel Sweezey roaming up and down behind 
 them, keeping them up and setting the lost men right, the 
 Three Hundred and Thirteenth reached the Bois de Montfau- 
 con, about two and a half kilometers from its starting point, 
 by noon. Aind here the two commanders of the two front-line 
 battalions were killed. 
 
 They found Major Israel Putnam lying face downward on 
 the edge of a fresh shell hole, with his head pointing toward 
 Montf aucon. He had died within sight of the city on the hill, 
 for he had rounded the nose of the Bois de Montfaueon and 
 there it stood, rearing its crest and its «hurch,tower above the 
 reeking, roaring country about it like the Acropolis of Athens 
 — 'and then the advance had ended for him. 
 
 And up near the northern edge of the Bois de Montfaueon 
 a German machine-gun sniper had Mlled Major Benjamin 
 Franklin Pepper and his battalion adjutant, Lieut. Francis S. 
 Patterson. With haK the day gone and Montfaueon still two 
 kilometers away, the attacking battalions were without their 
 old commanding officers. / 
 
MONTFATJOON ! 
 
 83 
 
 
 2 ^ C .6 
 
 ■a „ 0) (3 
 
 H S s o -w 
 
MONTFAUCON ! 83 
 
 But these had not been the Three Thirteenth's only losses 
 up to that time. Back there, almost at the very jump-off, Lieut. 
 George M. Baket, of Baltimore, had been killed as he stood 
 up to caU for medioal aid for Sergeant Brown, of L Company, 
 lying wounded at his feet. Capt. Harry IngersoU, of H Com- 
 pany, advancing with K Company in the forefront of the at- 
 tack, was dead on the field ; ' Capt. Edward L. Killian, of M 
 Company, had been carried back mortally wounded. 
 
 Still the regiment kept on. The battalions became slightly 
 separated and Colonel Sweezey brought up two reserve com- 
 panies to fill the gap. The Colonel moved his post of com- 
 mand up to within 300 yards of the front line. German 
 snipers tried to get Hm and failed. He raged up and down 
 through the Montfauoon woods, rallying his men. "Working 
 forward in little groups the Three Thirteenth attacked ma- 
 chine-gun nests in clumps of brush, behind tree-stumps, in 
 little fortresses of rock. 
 
 Snipers who had escaped both the barrage and the first 
 infantry wave were firing from the trees into the support and 
 reserve companies, so that there in the blasted forests it was 
 as though the remnants of a plague had been left in the trail 
 of a hasty health warden. 
 
 But by 6 o'clock in the evening the Three Thirteenth had 
 gained the whole northern edge of the Bois de Montfaucon. 
 Before it lay the bare slopes — a 280-meter hill and a deep 
 valley and then Montfaucon. Not a tree, not a bush, not a 
 boulder between them and the city, just a rolling stretch of 
 open country to be crossed under the eyes of the enemy. 
 
 It was at this same hour — 6 o'clock — that General Kuhn 
 received word from the Corps to this effect : 
 
 "The Seventy-ninth Division is holding up the 
 advance of the whole American Alrmy. The Com- 
 manding General insists that the attack be pushed 
 more vigorously. ' ' 
 
 Division headquarters got into touch with Sweezey out 
 there at the edge of the woods. It was getting dark. Could 
 he attack and take Montfaucon tonight? Headquarters wanted 
 to know. Sweezey could try anything. He was a soldier. 
 
84 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Attaeking was his profession. But Montfaucon was one oi 
 the strongest positions in the whole German line; hundreds 
 of maehine-guns would Maze down on his men from that hiU 
 and the trenches around it. The Three Thirteenth woidd not 
 be able to see them. It would have to attack blindly — in the 
 dark. 
 
 But it attacked. 
 
 It started out in the old formation, and two tanks went 
 with it. The front line moved ahead for 200 yards and then 
 there came down upon it a deluge of machine-gun fire, high 
 explosive and hand grenades. The two tanks turned clumsily 
 around and headed back into the woods. Facing a ghost 
 enemy — ^invisible in the dark — ^f rom whom came deadly blasts 
 of ballets, the Three Thirteenth stayed and tried to fight. No 
 artillery came up behind it to beat the German fire down. 
 There were no roads for artillery to travel ujwn. 
 
 And so, worn and weary with the terrific struggle, the 
 Three Thirteenth crawled back finally after the tanks, and, 
 at the edge of the woods, bivouacked for the night. 
 
 Colonel Sweezey tried to get -into communication with bri- 
 gade headquarters, but could not. So from the little cage that 
 the regimental intelligence section had carried through the 
 fight he took one of the pigeons, tied a message to its leg and 
 started it toward division headquarters. 
 
 The pigeon flew up into a tree and stayed there aJl night. 
 
 " holding back the advance of the whole American 
 
 Army ! " A fine thing for the Three Thirteenth to sleep over ! 
 What had happened? What was the trouble? 
 
 The trouble was that everything had happened that possibly 
 could have happened to retard the Seventy-ninth Division's 
 progress. The One Hundred and Forty-seventh Field Ar- 
 tillery (as you may remember from the preceding chapter) 
 had been ordered to move forward behind the attacking in- 
 fantry at 8 A. M. on Septemlber 26, for its barrage mission 
 was by then to have been accom^plished. It had tried to move 
 forward and failed. It tried to go by way of the path the 
 engineers had built for the tanks to cross No Man's Land and 
 found that impossible. Then it had followed the road as far 
 as Avoeourt and could get no farther. Beyond Avocourt the 
 
MONTFAUCON ! 85 
 
 road was obliterated. Ground that men had found terrible 
 difficulty in crossing simply could not be crossed by horses 
 dragging guns and ammunition behind them. 
 
 In all that country there was not a road upon Which an 
 ambulance or a supply truck or an artillery train could have 
 lived five minutes. There was not even a road upon which 
 it might have fought out its chances of living. The single 
 road that had existed between Malancourt and Montfaucon 
 hsid been battered into the rest of the wreck. 
 
 So the Three Thirteenth had virtually lost the protection 
 of its artillery. One may get an idea of the effect of this 
 when one reads that General Noble 's One Hundred and Fifty- 
 eighth Brigade, in the divisional reserve, 1,000 meters behind 
 Greneral Nicholson's One Hundred and Fifty-seventh Brigade., 
 had to fight machine-gun nests that had not been cleaned out 
 by the leading troops, German machine-gun nests that were 
 still alive and doing business, mind you, behind the American 
 front lines. 
 
 Furthermore, commjunication between the Seventy-ninth's 
 front lines and the division P. C. was virtually cut off all 
 during the twenty-sixth. General Kuhn received no reports 
 regarding the position of his front line. The aero squadron, 
 supposed to carry these reports, dropped two messages, but 
 dropped them two hours after they had been written. 
 
 On the right the Three H'undred and Fourteenth, under 
 Colonel Oury, had had even more difficulty than the Three 
 Hundred and Thirteenth. They had not been able to get 
 through the wire in the allotted 25 minutes; they had fallen 
 behind the barrage ; enveloped in the thick fog and the smoke 
 screen, they had becomte scattered — ^had passed German ma- 
 chine-gun nests without seeing them. 
 
 And in this situation, trying enough to trained officers, 
 the fighting, so far as platoons and companies were con- 
 cerned, was being directed almost entirely by noncommis- 
 sioned offiicera, for some of the majors and most of the lieu- 
 tenants and captains had been either killed or wounded. 
 
 It miay be as interesting here as later on to note that the 
 Three Thirteenth canue out of the line four days later with 
 a lot of its companies commanded by corporals. 
 
86 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 A|pparently it was true on the night of September 26 that 
 the Seventy-ninth Division was behind the rest of the Ainier- 
 ican Army. At about the timle Oolonel Sweezey's men 
 reached the northern edge of the Bois de Montfauoon, two 
 kilometers from Montf aucon itself, the Fourth Division, hav- 
 ing the sector on the right, reported that it was east of Nan- 
 tillois, a vUlage about three kilometers north of Montf aueon 
 and on the extreme eastern edge of the Seventy-ninth's 
 sector. 
 
 The Fourth's outposts would extend westward during the 
 night into the' sector of the Seventy-ninth. The regulars 
 had sent out a brigade to protect the Fourth's left, flank 
 where the Seventy-ninth had been expected to be. The men 
 of the Three Hundred and Thirteenth and Three Hundred 
 and Fourteenth were to look out for these regulars and not 
 mistake them for the enem|y. And they mtist take Mont- 
 fauoon tonight! 
 
 That was the situation that faced the Three-Thirteenth as 
 it battled in the dark toward Montfaucon, with an enemy it 
 could not see, with its tanks lumbering back into the cover of 
 the woods, with its artillery mired far back at Avoeourt. And 
 with no means of communication between it and the Divi- 
 sion P. C, for General Nicholson had moved ahead and 
 had been unable to notify Gteneral KJuhn. 
 
 So it is a fact that, if, for several days, Major Whittlesey's 
 battalion in the Seventy-seventh was a "lost battallion," Gen- 
 eral Nicholson's brigade of the Seventy-ninth was, for a 
 whole night, a "lost brigade." 
 
 It was found again at about 5 o'dodr on the morning of 
 September 27. Liaison was re-established between the front 
 line and General Kuhn's P. C. General Kuhn himself, with 
 Ool. Tenney Eoss, his chief of staff, and one of his aids, went 
 out on horseback toward the front, got a look at the state of 
 affairs, established a new P. C. at Haucourt (a pile of stones 
 that had been a village) and things began to move again. 
 
 At that time they thought at division headquarters that 
 Montfauoon had been taken. Montfaucon was almost in the 
 center of the path mjapped out for the Seventy-ninth, but 
 the Fourth Division, it was reported, was three kilometers 
 
MONTFAUCON ! 87 
 
 beyond it, and to the right. Corps Headquarters believed 
 Montfaucon had been taken. 
 
 At 7 o'clock, then, September 27, the Three Hundred and 
 Thirteenth moved out of the Bois de Montfaucon for the sec- 
 ond time, to attack the city on the hill. 
 
 The two tanks came out again. The guns of the Three 
 Hhmdred and Eleventh Machine Gun Battalion opened on 
 the German positions ■with dir'ect fire over the heads of the 
 advancing infantry. For about 300 yards they had no op- 
 position, and then the German machine guns started. But 
 there Avas not the saime deadliness in the enem^r fire now. 
 They captured several machine gunners, who told Colonel 
 Sweezey that there were three German nests along the flat 
 plain at the foot of the hill, and 32 more &n. the slopes to- 
 ward the city itself. So the Three Hundred and Thirteenth 
 went on, knowing something of what lay before it. 
 
 During the night a mjst had settled over the valley. The 
 top of Montfaucon, with its tall church tower still undemol- 
 ished by shell fire, was shrouded in gray veils of fog. Lay- 
 ers of heavy vapor lay over the valleys, so that those who 
 went ahead were lost to view by men but a few yards behind. 
 
 They got to the foot of the hill, and as they started up the 
 Eun burst through the clouds, flooding the valleys and moun- 
 tains with a shimmering, misty radiance. And at the same 
 moment showers of hand grenades and bursts of machine- 
 gun bullets came down upon them. 
 
 But they were there now. Montfaucon had not been taken 
 by another division. The city on the hill was still a prize to 
 be fought for and wrested for the Gemtans in a death 
 struggle, and the men of the Three Thirteenth were glad of 
 that; it put new heart into them as they toiled wearily up- 
 ward, and the grunts and screams in their ears as a bullet or 
 a shell fragment struck home put murder into the breasts of 
 the men who could keep on. 
 
 They got into the edge of the town at 11 o'clock and 
 found 200 Germans in one dugout. In another Private 
 Joshua Cockey, 3rd, found three Germans, huddled in three 
 tiers of bunks. 
 
 "Get out of here!" he roared — a gaunt, filthy, ragged 
 Almeriean, with a trembling pistol, gone clean mad with bat- 
 
88 MAEYIiAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 tie. "Gtet out of here before I count three! One-two- 
 three!" 
 
 A^nd then he blew out the brains of the German in the mlid- 
 dle bunk. The others tumbled put in terror. 
 
 At 10 minutes to noon, September 27, Montfaucon was in 
 the possession of the Three Hundred and Thirteenth In- 
 fantry. Oolonel Sweezey sent up his last carrier pigeon and 
 started it toward the pigeon loft at division headquarters 
 with the message. At 10 minutes to 1 General Kuhn moved 
 his P. C. into the town. 
 
 And that was all of that. But it was not all of the battle 
 of Montfaucon. 
 
89 
 
 Chapter XIV. 
 THE FIGHT BEYOND THE HILL. 
 
 Aq interesting place was the city of Montfaucon, and a 
 death trap. The Germians shelled it constantly, spitefully. 
 But they could not keep the ubiquitous American doughboy 
 under the ground. The men of the Three Thirteenth delved 
 and hunted all oveT" the place. In the top of the churen 
 tower they found a great telescope — ^the one through which 
 the Imperial' Crown Prince of Germany, in 1916, had watched 
 the furious struggle on Dead Man's Hill off there to the 
 southeast. They turned the thing around and through it 
 ^TO,tched the Germans in the Bois de Beuge slightly to the 
 northwest and in NantiUois directly north. Three men of 
 the regimental intelligence section — Sergts. Efussell Mules 
 and James V. Mauro, and PWYate Eugene Mjartenet — stayed 
 there while shells whizzed around the tower and bade fair to 
 clip it off at any mjoment, keeping observation on the enemy 
 and sending back reports. 
 
 The division had itself well in hand now. Telephone com- 
 munication was established and kept up, though the shelling 
 broke the wires every minute or so, and the men of the 
 Three Hundred and Fourth Signal Battalion were busy all 
 night repairing them. Colonel Sweezey had dropped into 
 the mud and was sleeping there under the shadow of the 
 German graveyard waU, when a signal man woke him up to 
 ask him if his wires were all right. The man was the Colonel's 
 own brother, Sergt. Schuyler Sweezey, whom he had not 
 seen since the Seventy-ninth left Camp Meade. 
 
 The regiment had halted for the night on the northern 
 slopes of Montfaucon. It was now half way to the combined 
 army objective — ^the Romagne-Ounel road, which, taken, 
 would lose to the Germans one of their strongest positions 
 on the Kremhilde-Stellung. But it could not go on there 
 now. It was exhausted — splayed out. Not a man had any- 
 thing to eat or a drop of water since the hours before the 
 jump-off the day before. Neither had Colonel Sweezey — ^he 
 had smoked cigars. The men had marveled at the Colonel's 
 
90 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Stock of cigars; it seemed to be inexhaustible, and he had 
 smoked and chewed one after another without an interval 
 until he had fallen asleep in the mud by the graveyard on 
 Montfaueon. He said, "They keep me going." 
 
 On the morning of the 28th the Three Hundred and Six- 
 teenth Infantry, which had passed through the sleeping Three 
 Hundred and Thirteenth and the Three Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth, which had passed through the Three Hundred and 
 Fourteenth, attacked north in the direction of the Bois de 
 Beuge. All night long artillery had played on this round 
 little forest, and virtually all the Germans who had been un- 
 able to get out had been killed. So there was not much re- 
 -sistance from the woods, but there was resistance from 
 another quarter — ^the German aviators. 
 
 They came in flocks o;ver Nantillois and Montfaueon, 
 swooping like seagulls and firing their machine guns into the 
 Infantry. Unhampered by any Allied planes, they had the 
 air to themselves. But the Three Hundred and Fifteenth 
 and Three Hundred and Sixteenth went on and took Nan- 
 tillois and the Bois de Beuge, and, on the northern edge of 
 Nantillois, reorganized for an attack on Madeleine Farm and 
 the woods to the north. But all attempts in that direction 
 failed, and they tried it twice with big and little tanks. Ger- 
 man fire came from three directions — west, north and east — 
 and by nightfall they had to retire and wait for morning. 
 
 In the meantime the Three Hundred and Thirteenth in 
 Montfaueon was hanging on to a very hot piece of ground. 
 The hiU was constantly under fire. It was on the 28th that 
 Private "Bob" Armstrong was killed and Private Bill Con- 
 way was wounded, both former newspaper men on the staff 
 of the Baltimore Sun, and I single them out for this re- 
 counting of casualties because what happened to them was 
 typical of what was happening all over that country every 
 few minutes to every Baltimore soldier there. A man on 
 Montfaueon or around it in those days simply carried his 
 life in his bare hands. 
 
 Alrmlstrong, Conway and Austin Grove (who afterward was 
 killed) had been sent with other members of the Three Hun- 
 dred and Thirteenth's intelligence section to bring up the 
 
THE FIGHT BEYOND THE HILL. 91 
 
 German maps and the Crown Prince's big telescope. Capt. 
 Joseph M. DuBarry, the regimental intelligence officer, 
 wanted them. The Germans had bombarded the hill all day, 
 seeming to concentrate their fire on the church tower, be- 
 cause the maps and apparatus they had deserted were there, 
 they thought. As a matter of fact, everything had been re- 
 moved to the protection of an embankment that overhung 
 the road around the right of the hill, and to that place the 
 intelligence men went to get them for Captain Dubarry. 
 
 Armstrong was carrying a big metal map case, like a stove- 
 pipe; Eugene Martenet and two other men were lugging the 
 great telescope, and Conway was ahead with an armful of 
 maps. Stooping over to get the protection of the embank- 
 ment, they had walked about 25 feet when a great shell 
 skimmed over their backs and the edge of the bank and ex- 
 ploded in the road, just behind Armstrong. He got most of 
 the fragments in his back, and fell dead instantly. Conway 
 got most of the other fragments and was seriously wounded. 
 After these two had been looked out for, the rest of the party 
 "carried on" with the maps, telescope and map case. 
 
 Then came September 29 — the day the Seventy-ninth Di- 
 vision might have started the Germans on their final rear- 
 ward run. That the Germans did not start then is not the 
 fault of the Seventy-ninth, for more than one division, tak- 
 ing up the fighting where the Seventy-ninth left it, fought 
 for a month thereafter toward the Romagne-Cunel road, and 
 when finally it was taken the Germans never stopped running 
 until the day of the armistice. When I say the Seventy- 
 ninth "might have started" the Germans to running I mean 
 to say that the whole American Army might have started 
 them at the same time. But it was at this point that the 
 first phase of the First Army's Argonne-Meuse operation, 
 begun almost entirely by "green" divisions (of which none 
 was greener than the Seventy-ninth), began to slow up. 
 Never having been under fire before in their lives, and being 
 suddenly put under the worst fire in the experience of any 
 American troops, veterans or others, and having to fight and 
 advance under such fire for three days, they were tired — 
 tired to the point of death. 
 
92 MARYLAND FIGHTEES IN THE GREAT WAS. 
 
 But at 7 o'clock on the morning of the 29th they attacked 
 again, the Three Hundred and Sixteenth Infantry on the left 
 and the Three Hundred and Fifteenth on the right. Almost 
 even with their front line, over the Cote Lemont to the east, 
 floated a big German "sausage," an observation balloon, 
 looking down at them. It was directing the German artillery 
 fire, and doing it with deadly accuracy. The fire covered not 
 only the advancing front line but all the rear areas. 
 
 By noon the Three Hundred and Sixteenth had been re- 
 duced from its original strength of about 3,600 men to hardly 
 more than 1,000. The regiment had become disorganized. 
 General Nicholson therefore ordered the Three Thirteenth 
 into action again and had the Three Hundred and Sixteenth 
 reformed into a battalion to follow the Baltimoreans at a dis- 
 tance of about 800 yards. 
 
 At 12 o'clock .Colonel Sweezey was standing on a little 
 knoll north of Nantillois talking to Colonel Oury. Looking 
 suddenly off to the left, he saw troops straggling back. Closer 
 at hand came more troops. He recognized them as men of the 
 Three Hundred and Sixteenth. Behind them came more, and 
 these he saw were his own — ^the Three Thirteenth of Bal- 
 timore. 
 
 Colonel Sweezey leaped up and down on the knoll, waving 
 his arms and shrieking with all the power left in his almost 
 broken voice. The men of the Three Hundred and Thirteenth 
 heard him and rallied. "With the remains of two battalions 
 in front and the remains of the third in support, he started 
 the Three Hundred and Thirteenth off again in the direction 
 of the Bomagne-Cunel road. 
 
 But it was too late. By that time Division Headquarters 
 had issued orders to withdraw and take up a line along the 
 northern edge of the Bois de Beuge, and the orders got out to 
 Colonel Sweezey when his regiment was in the southern edge 
 of Cunel Woods, 100 yards away from Madeleine Farm and 
 scarcely more than two kiloineters away from the Bomagne- 
 Cunel road. 
 
 There, almost at the limits of the farthest advance made by 
 the Three Hundred and Thirteenth in the battle of Montfau- 
 con, Lieut. William J. Watters was killed. So the beginning 
 
THE FIGHT BEYOND THE HILL. 93 
 
 and the end of the Seventy-ninth's operations are marked with 
 the graves of Baltimoreans of the Three Thirteenth — 'George 
 Baker near Malaneourt and "Billy" Watters near Madeleine 
 Farm. 
 
 The Three Hundred and Thirteenth got that day as close to 
 the Romagne-Oanel road as any other division got to it for a 
 month afterward — so dose that the men could see the German 
 artillery at work. 
 
 Until 6 o'clock on the evening of September 30 the Three 
 Thirteenth held on to the northern edge of the Bois de Beuge, 
 and then it was relieved by a regiment of the Third Division. 
 
94 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter XV. 
 "SHOOTING TROUBLE" ABOVE VERDUN. 
 
 The night the fighting Seventy-ninth marched wearily down 
 the roads past Verdun on its way to rest, the fighting Twenty- 
 ninth inarched jauntily up the same roads. Thus Maryland 
 men in two eombat divisions passed in the dark — 10 feet of 
 road between them; 3,000 miles of ocean between them all 
 and home. 
 
 And because (contrary to popular belief) soldiers seldom 
 exchange college cheers, there was no exchange of cheers be- 
 tween these two divisions ; just a lot of good-natured badinage 
 and "bawling out," for comrades in this profession of soldier- 
 ing wasted no sympathy on eac^h other in those days. So the 
 Seventy-ninth got no sympathy for the things it had gone 
 through and the Twenty-ninth got no sympathy for the 
 things it was about to go through that night on the Verdun 
 roads. Insteaxi each "kidded" the other unmercifully. 
 
 The Three Thirteenth remained in the vicinity of Genicourt 
 and Nixeville, south of Verdun, until October 6, and on that 
 day the Seventy-ninth was ordered into the line again. 
 
 Do you remember the old St. Mihiel salient, that ugly fist 
 the German Army had pushed into Lorraine down to the town 
 of St. Mihiel, on the River Mouse, and how in the First Amer- 
 ican Army's first attack the' ugly fist was thrust back to a 
 line running from Haudomont to Pont-a-Mousson, freeing 
 from Gei*man domination a score or more of villages and 
 bringing the Allied line under the guns of Metz ? 
 
 It was into that new line beyond this section of redeemed 
 Lorraine that the men from Camjp Meade went — a supposedly 
 quiet sector. The Three Thirteenth relieved two regiments of 
 the Twenty-sixth Division— " The Ylankee Division" from 
 New England— which then started w*estward to fight through 
 the wooded heights east of the Meuse side by side with the 
 Blue and Qaray Division. 
 
 The Three Thirteenth's new sector was called the Troyon 
 sector. The Baltimore regiment stayed there until October 
 
"shooting trouble" above VERDUN. 95 
 
 24, a little over two weeks, and sustained 84 casualties from 
 mustard gas. The men virtually lived in mustard gas all 
 the time. It was in the air, on the ground, in the dugouts, 
 in the bunks and trenches. They could put on their gas 
 masks when an attack of mustard came over from the boche 
 lines, and thus escape the sure-death effect of the high con- 
 centration, but at some time they would have to take their 
 masks off, and the air they breathed then was still tainted 
 with the fumes that clung to the low, marshy land. 
 
 Colonel Sweezey left the regiment here. He tried hard to 
 stay, but the doctors would not let him. Every day some 
 medical ofBcer came to look at him and urged him anew to 
 go back to a hospital, but the Colonel always said: 
 
 "These men of mine went through the same things as I at 
 Montf aucon. If they can stick it out here I guess I can. ' ' 
 
 But he was in worse condition than he realized, for he had 
 really suffered more than the men at Montfaucon. Beside 
 being, as they had been, in the thick of the battle, he had 
 had the responsibility for the skillful handling, preservation 
 from disaster and effective fighting of a regiment of untried 
 soldiers. The strain had weakened him, he had caught' cold 
 and he had breathed the deadly mustard. 
 
 So one day, when he found that he could hardly walk up 
 the 25 or 30 steps of his dugout, he let them take him to the 
 hospital. 
 
 For the next 36 hours Lieutenant-Colonel Delameter, af- 
 terward "Gl" of the division, commanded the Three Hun- 
 dred and Thirteenth, and then Lieutenant-Colonel Moore 
 took command and administered the regiment's affairs until 
 October 26, when Col. William J. Eogers came. Colonel 
 Eogers stayed until November 17, when Colonel Sweezey 
 fiame back, much improved in health — almost his old self 
 again. 
 
 So that he was not with the Three Hundred and Thirteenth 
 during the trying days in the Troyon sector. And they were 
 trying. There was no advance and no attack, just sitting 
 still, driving off German patrols, holding on under inter- 
 mittent sheUfire and gas, and breathing mustard. A whole 
 battalion was in the outpost positions. Food had to be car- 
 
96 MAKYIiAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 ried to the men, a distance of nearly four kilometers, and 
 their meals were always cold. There was no cover here — ^the 
 line ran through the Woevre Plain, where there were few 
 hills and almost no timber land; so the men had to live in 
 hiding during daylight hours and were able to come out only 
 at, night. 
 
 Nor was Colonel Sweezey with them when they started on 
 the night of October 23-24 for their last battle — when the 
 Seventy-ninth took up the trail of the Blue and Gray through 
 the Consenvoye and Montague Woods, and on one battle- 
 field in. France the histories of Maryland's two "doughboy" 
 regiments were linked together in the closing days of the 
 great war. 
 
 On October 30, the first battalion of the regiment having 
 been relieved from the Troyon sector, arrived at the Cote des 
 Eoches, at the P. C. in the hillside along the road between 
 Samogneux and Brabant, where the One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth, from Maryland, had jumped off on October 8. Next 
 night it relieved the Third Battalion of the One Hundred 
 and Fourteenth, of New Jersey, in the Bois d'Ormont. 
 
 Where the Marylanders and Virginians, of the One Hun- 
 dred and Fifteenth and the One Hundred and Sixteenth, and 
 the Jersey men, of the One Hsundred and Thirteenth and One 
 Hundred and Fourteenth, ended their three weeks of fight- 
 ing, in the edge of the Bois de Grande Montagne, the Mary- 
 landers and Pennsylvanians, of the Seventy-ninth, took it up, 
 with the First Battalion of the Three Hundred and 
 Thirteenth leading off. For the practical purpose of permit- 
 ting unhampered the continuance of the advance west of the 
 Meuse river, the wooded heights east of the stream had been 
 effectually cleared by the Twenty-ninth and Thirty-third Di- 
 visions. But the loftier heights beyond remained in the hands 
 of the Germans, and they were hanging to them like grim 
 death. This part of the line they were trying to make their 
 pivot— the hinge on the door which must hold, even though 
 the door had to swing backward under the Americans' blows. 
 Once the hinge was smashed, the German Army was done. 
 
 There awaited the Three Thirteenth Infantry here a dif- 
 ferent sort of job from the one at Montfaucon. That city. 
 
"shooting trouble" above VERDUN. 97 
 
 on a MU, they had been able to take by storming, with an ad- 
 vance of six kilometers in two days. The path of their attack 
 there was fairly smooth and roUing, with but few dumps of 
 woods to hide enemy machine gunners, and keeping on with 
 the advance was simply a question of how much mlachine gun 
 and artillery fire troops eould stand. Here, east of the Meuse, 
 however, a succession of great hills faced the Baltimoreans, 
 all heavily wooded and thickly carpeted with underbrush in 
 which the Germans had managed cleverly to conceal thou- 
 sands of machine guns, turning each hill and valley into a 
 natural fortress. 
 
 Great stealth, infinite patience, much courage and, above 
 all, coolness and dogged persistence were all to be the big 
 factors in this fight. 
 
 But if the job was harder, so was the Three Thirteenth 
 better prepared to tackle it. The whole Seventy-ninth Di- 
 vision was better prepared. For it was now a veteran di- 
 vision and the Three Thirteenth was the most reliable regi- 
 ment in it. 
 
 On the very day I reached General Kuhn's P. C. at Vach- 
 erauville, above Verdun — ^November 7 — ^the Second Battalion 
 of the Three Thirteenth (commanded by Capt. G. CoUinson 
 Burgwin ever since Major Pepper had been killed) was ren- 
 dering a sort of "first aid" to the Three Sixteenth. With 
 great dash and courage it was capturing Hill 378, the Bourne 
 de ComouiUer, known to the doughboys as "Corned Willie 
 Hill," as a concession to their pan- American tongues, a token 
 of respect to the beautiful French language and an open in- 
 sult to the army canned beef they had to eat. 
 
 Rendering "first aid" throughout the Seventy-ninth Divi- 
 sion was the Three Thirteenth's big work in this Grande 
 Montague sector. Cut up into battalions, it was being hur- 
 ried first to one part of the line, then to another, to put vigor 
 into attacks, to gain objectives that nobody else eould gain. 
 It had become the "trouble-shooting regiment" of the Seven- 
 ty-ninth. 
 
maryland fighters in the great war. 
 
 Chapter XIVI. 
 HILL 378, BT AL. 
 
 The division's operation in the Grande Montagne sector 
 had begun on October 31, with the One Hundred and Fifty- 
 eighth Infantry Brigade (Three Hlmdred and Fifteenth and 
 Three H-undred and Sixteenth Regiments), under Brig.-Gfen. 
 Evan 0. Johnson, doing the attacking. Qieneral Johnson 
 had succeeded Gteneral Noble. The operation had not started 
 as an attack. It had started as a series of reconnaissance 
 patrols thrown out imder orders from, the Seventeenth 
 French Oorps to ascertain whether or not the enemy was 
 withdrawing from; the sector. There seemied to be reason to 
 believe that he was. 
 
 Three platoons of the Three Hundred and Sixteenth 
 stepped off (not "jumped off," for this was not an attack) 
 at 6 o'clock on the morning of November 3 and immediately 
 discovered that the Germans were not withdrawing. In- 
 stead they had sown machine guns along the entire front 
 line of the division and the slightest attempt to advance 
 brought hot bursts of fire. 
 
 The objective of one of these patrols had been "Corned 
 "Willie Hill," and the Aimericans had been able to get no 
 farther than the southern slope. The other platoon had had 
 even less success. 
 
 But now that it was certain that the Gtermans were still 
 there in force the operation ceased to be a reconnaissance 
 and became an attads. At 6 A. M. the First Battalion of the 
 Three Hundred and Sixteenth again went after Hill 378, 
 made a good advance under heavy fire and then had to with- 
 draw 500 yards south of the hiU crest, under a counter-at- 
 tack on the battalion's left flank, which had been exposed by 
 the failure of the French to advance on the left. 
 
 The Three Hundi^ed and Sixteenth was ordered to try it 
 again next day, and the Second Battalion of the Three Hun- 
 dred and Thirteenth was placed at General Johnson's dis- 
 posal. But the Baltimoreans did not get into the fight yet. 
 Again the Three Hxindred and Sixteenth stormed Hill 378, 
 
HHiL 378, ET Aii. 99 
 
 and again the Grermans resisted stubbornly. Again and 
 again during the day the Three Hundred and Sixteenth went 
 forward in the face of deadly miachine-gun fire, but it was 
 no use. Trench nnoitars, one-pounders and light artillery 
 were all turned loose on the G«rman jwsitions, but every 
 time the infantry started forward the woods and hilltop 
 sputtered death at them. 
 
 On the mormng of November 6 Burgwin's battalion was 
 to lead the assault, but while it was conning up into position 
 the Grermans had deluged the woods with high explosives and 
 gas. They were unable to get up until 2 o'clock in the after- 
 noon, but the fact that it was broad daylight failed to hold 
 them back. They launched the attack and got to the crest 
 of the hill, but were unable to get beyond it. There they 
 hung, though, by their finger nails, so to speak, and refused 
 to be dislodged. 
 
 And at 10 minutes past eight next morning (November 7) 
 they went at it again — and this time they went through. By 
 10 o'clock the Baltimoreans were over the top of and beyond 
 "Corned Willie HUl," and the supporting battalion was' 
 consolidating the place. Four times in four days the divi- 
 sion had tried to take it. The Three Thirteenth captured it 
 in two attacks. 
 
 During the night of November 7-8 the First Battalion of 
 the Three Thirteenth was detached for "first aid" work. 
 Under Major James R. L. Gibbons it marched in the dark 
 through the Bois de Brabant to report to General Johnson. 
 This left General Nicholson, of the One Hundred and Fifty- 
 seventh Brigade, with but one battalion (the Third) of the 
 Three Thirteenth in the Bois d'Ormont, and the whole Three 
 Hundred and Fourteenth. 
 
 And then in order that even this battalion of Baltimoreans 
 .could be taken away from its old brigade, corps headquarters 
 ordered two battalions of the Twenty-sixth Division to re- 
 port to General Nicholson. 
 
 Back of the breaking up of the Three Thirteenth was the 
 big plan of turning the German right flank just £is rapidly 
 as constant hammering could turn it. The Seventy-ninth's 
 order of battle had put General Johnson's brigade opposite 
 that part of the Germans' right flank closest to the 
 
100 MARYLAND FIGHTEKS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 "hinges." So it fell to Ms brigade to do most of the driv- 
 ing, while to General Nicholson's brigade fell the job of 
 holding on tight at the "hinges" and mopping up. And as 
 it took regiments with dash and energy and fighting spirit 
 to attack successfully, they had thrown the Three Thirteenth 
 over into General Johnson's brigade to help the Three Hun- 
 dred and Sixteenth and the Three Hundred and Fifteenth. 
 
 On the morning of Novemiber 8 General Johnson had a 
 much-mixed command. It consisted of two provisional regi- 
 ments, one made up of battalions from the Three Hundred' 
 and Thirteenth (the Second),, Three Hundred and Fifteenth 
 and Three Hundred and Sixteenth, coimnanded by Lieuten- 
 ant^Colonel Burt, of the Three Hundred and Fifteenth, and 
 the other miade up of two battalions from the Three Hundred 
 and Fifteenth and one from the Three Hundred and Thir- 
 teenth (the First), under Oolonel Knowles, of the Three 
 Hundred and Fifteenth. The Third Battalion of the Three 
 Hundred and Thirteenth was in Gfeneral Johnson's brigade 
 reserve. 
 
 No honor much higher can come to a regiment than to be 
 thus picked out to lead assaults — 'and no more gruelling 
 work. The Three Hiindred and Thirteenth was undoubtedly 
 regarded as the shook regiment of the division. 
 
 With the taking of Hill 378, or Bourne de Cornouiller, the 
 right of the German line facing the Seventy-ninth had swung 
 back, so that the attacks were no more toward the north, but 
 ;toward the east — ^toward Germany itself. On the morning 
 of November 8 these two provisional regiments, with the bat- 
 talions of the "Trouble-Shooting Three Hundred and Thir- 
 teenth" in the lead, began to attack toward Germany. The 
 villages of Bcurey, Btraye, Eeveille and Wavrille were their 
 objectives. The attack began at 6 o'clock. 
 
 For the first time the Germans began to give way. From 
 far out there in the wooded hills reports were shouted to 
 General Johnson over the wires that trailed through the 
 f o'rests : 
 
 "We've lost contact with 'em.! We're going ahead and 
 can't find any boche!" 
 
 Brigade headquarters was jubilant. 
 
Hn.T. 378, ET AL. 101 
 
 "Bjeep at 'em! Keep at 'em!" General Johnson shouted 
 back. "Don't let 'em get away!" 
 
 Many times that morning, as he turned away from the lit- 
 tle telephone box, he groaned: "If we only had some cavalry 
 now — if we only had some cavaliy!" 
 
 General Nicholson's brigade, too, had joined the general 
 advance. There was no use in sitting srtill and holding on 
 to the hinges when the Germans had pulled the hinges off and 
 were taking the door with them. Nicholson's men cleared 
 and mopped up HUl 360 that day, and by nightfall the line 
 of the whole Sev^ty-ninth Division was di^:ing in on the 
 eastern edge of the heights it had faced from the western ade 
 early that moming. 
 
 Before the Meade men now lay the great Woevre Plain. 
 Literally speaking, they were "out of the woods." Before 
 them lay four high hills. Cote d'Ome, Cote de Biljorimont, 
 Cote de Romagne and Hill 328. An order from the corps 
 that night contained the glorious news that the enemy was 
 "in retreat from the Meuse toward the north" and called for 
 a general pressure upon the entire front and a vigorous fol- 
 lowing up of the enemy withdrawal. 
 
 The Seventy-ninth was now readjusted and rearranged. 
 The shock battalions of the Three Hundred £md Thirteenth 
 were ordered to "sidestep" to the south. The orders came 
 out to the fox holes at 10 o'clock on the night of November 
 8, and required the Three Hundred and Thirteenth to be in 
 position at 6 o'doek next moming. 
 
 Tired though they were (with the constant driving they 
 had not known sleep for nearly <a week), they took up the 
 march in the black night, crashing their way through the 
 thick underbrush, guided only by a few stars, a compass and 
 a map that had to be scanned by flashlights in deep sheU 
 holes where the Crermans could not see the gleams. But the 
 Three Hundred and Thirteenth reported for duty on time. 
 At 6 o'clock on the moming of November 9 the regiment was 
 in petition in support of the Three Hundred and Fourteenth, 
 ready for a day's fighting. 
 
 That day the Three JV)urteenth led the attack. There may 
 have been places somiewhere along that breaking line where 
 
102 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 the Grermans were falling back -without a struggle, but this 
 part of the Woevre Plain was not one of them on November 
 9. There were machine guns on those four hills and ar- 
 tillery behind them. General Nicholson's men met discourag- 
 ing resistance, but they went ahead. They took Crepion, 
 Wavrille and Gibercy, and they consolidated positions in 
 Etraye and Moirey. 
 
 They were far behind the old German defenses of Ver- 
 dun now. German neatness and military thoroughness were 
 visible everywhere in the land. Great ammunition dumps 
 the Baltimoreans came upon, and recreation huts and nar- 
 row-gauge railroads that had neither been reached by our 
 own guns nor blown up by the enemy, so rapidly were they 
 retiring. At midnight the One Hundred and Fifty-seventh 
 Brigade was on the top slope of HUl 328, and the One Hun- 
 dred and Fifty-eighth Brigade was on a line running north 
 and south between Damvillers and Gibercy, directly facing 
 the Cote d'Ome and the Cote d'Morimont. In front of 
 Nicholson's men was Hill 319, with the Cote d'Romagne di- 
 rectly behind it. 
 
 Then came the morning of November 10, the last full day 
 of the great war. The attack started at 6 o'clock and in 25 
 minutes General Nicholson's men in the Three Hundred and 
 Fourteenth had taken the last of Hill 328. This, however, 
 brought their left flank under direct enfilading fire from the 
 Cote d'Ome, on the north, which had not yet been captured 
 by General Johnson's brigade, and from HUl 319, to the east. 
 
 But under heavy fire from Hill 319 the Three Hundred 
 and Fourteenth Infantry got into the village of Chaumont- 
 devant-Damvillers at its base to clean that place of Germans, 
 while the Three Hundred and Thirteenth veered around, fac- 
 ing north, to silence the fire from the Cote d'Ome. At the 
 same time General Kuhn himself came up to General Nichol- 
 son 's commland post and personally directed the artillery fire 
 against Hill 319, which was to last a little more than half an 
 hour. At 20 minutes past 4 the Three Hundred and 
 Thirteenth and Three Hundred and Fourteenth, jumping off 
 together as the artillery bombardment ceased, went up Hill 
 319 and captured it, still under heavy fire from the Cote 
 
TTTT.T. 378, ET AL. 103 
 
 d'Orne and the Cote de Morimont. Meanwhile the Three 
 Hundred and Fifteenth got halfway up the Cote d'Orne, but 
 had to stop and dig in for the night, so heavy was the fire 
 from the crest. 
 
104 MARYLAND BIGHTEES IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter XVII. 
 r IN AT THE DEATH. 
 
 Nine o'clock on November 11 — two hours before the war 
 ended — ^f ound the Three Hundred and Thirteenth at the edge 
 of more than 30 square kilometers of French territory it had 
 helped to wrest from the Germans in 11 days — 30 square 
 kilometers that had been the iron hinge to the door opening 
 toward Gtermany — the last of that "invincible Verdun re- 
 sistance," broken by one regiment of Miaryland doughboys, 
 '"scrapped" by another. 
 
 It found the Baltimoreans, too, waiting to attack at 9.30, 
 with one battalion moving with a platoon of 75s against the 
 last of the hills — ^the Cote de Romagne — ^from the southwest. 
 At the same time the Three Hundred and Fifteenth started 
 toward Hill 328 and the Cote de Morimont. 
 
 Then came the order that ended it all. 
 
 "At 11 hours, November 11," said an order from the Sec- 
 ond French Colonial Corps, "all hostilities will cease. The 
 lines wiU be carefully marked and the men required to stop 
 at the exact point they reach at 11 hours." 
 
 They had started the regular morning attack when the or- 
 der came. The Three Hundred and Thirteenth had been at- 
 tacking nearly every morning since the beginning of Novem- 
 ber, almost as regularly as the milkman was making his morn- 
 ing rounds back home. It was just the beginning of the day's 
 work. 
 
 On this morning, with the end of the war about an hour 
 away, you would have expected them to go ahead cautiously. 
 Men simply lived from day to day, anyway, out there. If at 
 the end of the day they found themselves alive and whole — 
 why, that was a piece of luck to be m|ade the mlost of until 
 the next day's fight started. And here were these men, with 
 day-to-day lives, now within an hour of the end of it aU. No 
 one could have blamed them for digging into the biggest hole 
 they could find and staying right there until 11 o'clock— or 
 «ven until 10 minutes after 11, to make it sure. 
 
 But that was not the way of the Three Thirteenth. It 
 
IN AT THE DEATH. 105 
 
 fought up to the last miuute of the war, and fate held death 
 back from some of its men throughout the long, weary days 
 only to bring it to them at the end. 
 
 One of these men was Private Henry Gunther, of Company 
 A. In Gunther 's breast for weeks there had been a duU adie 
 — a smoldering hatred of himself and the world^-because he 
 had "gotten in bad" with his captain and his comjpany. He 
 felt that he had gotten in bad. He had looked every day for 
 a chance to make good. He came to the last day of the war 
 feeling as though he had not made good. And he came to the 
 last 10 minutes of the war feeling the same way. 
 
 So Gunther crawled out ahead of his platoon toward a Ger- 
 man machine-gun nest. By the time he started to crawl out 
 he had five minutes until 11. The rest of the men in the 
 platoon shouted to him to come back. The Germans saw him ; 
 they shouted to him to keep away. But Gunther kept on, and 
 the war was not over yet by about two minutes, so they 
 killed him. 
 
 The maps show that, as the Allied line stood on November 
 11, the Three Hundred and Thirteenth Infantry was closer to 
 Germany than any other regiment in the First American 
 Army. They do not show that Private Henry Gunther, of 
 Baltimore, was closer to Germany when he died than any other 
 American soldier, but he was. 
 
 There was a little more ceremony than usual to the burial 
 they gave Gunther, because he had died making good. There 
 could not be much ceremony to most of the burials that took 
 place all the rest of that day and most of the next, because 
 there were so miany of them. 
 
 In the trail of the Seventy-ninth Division through the 
 wooded hills east of the Mouse 453 men lay dead, and of 418 
 more there was no record at all. They were just "missing." 
 The division's total of casualties for the 11 days of its last 
 battle was 64 officers and 2,636 men. 
 
 The list of German material it captured reads like a list of 
 material for some big construction project. Besides 10,000 
 German 77-miIIimeter shdls, 48,000 hand grenades, more than 
 1,000 shells for lOS-nulimeter guns and batches of trench mor- 
 tars and field pieces, it rounded up great heaps of steel rails, 
 
106 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 wire nails, netting wire, hand well-pumps, stane drills, drain- 
 ing pumps, iron piping, "I" beams, 20,000 feet of lumber, 20 
 tons of coal — ^^and a laboratory in a set of barracks and frame 
 buildings completely equipped witb surgical instruments and 
 material. 
 
 Other divisions that had seen the hardest fighting in the 
 war's closing days now began to leave the old line and go 
 back into rest billets. Others were put into the Army of 
 Occupation and started toward Germany. But the' Seventy- 
 ninth stayed where it was — out in the foxholes it had dug 
 under shell fire. 
 
 It stayed there throughout November. On November 12 the 
 Fifteenth French Colonial Division, which had been fighting 
 on its left, was relieved and Kuhn's men took over that sector, 
 too. On November 20 it took over the old sector of the Sixth 
 American Division. So, until December 26, the men from 
 Meade occupied the sectors of three divisions in the old line 
 where the battles of more than four years had ended, living 
 amid the mud, the wreckage and the smells of a war that was 
 over. On December 26 it began to come out, and by Decem- 
 ber 28 the whole division was grouped in the area around 
 Souilly, the village a short distance south of Verdun, from 
 which Gfeneral Pershing had directed the operations of the 
 First Army between the Meuse and the Argonne. 
 
 Here Colonel Sweezey rejoined the Three Thirteenth, with 
 headquarters in the quiet, muddy little village of Conde, and 
 at Souilly General Kuhn was made commander of the Ninth 
 Army Corps and said good-by to the Seventy-ninth. The 
 division stayed in General Kuhn's corps, however, so the men 
 he had coimmanded from 'their awkward-squad days to the 
 days of their triumphs as soldiers did not lose him entirely. 
 
 And that, leaving out masses of words about the drab 
 monotony of waiting to come home, is the story of Baltimore's 
 Three Thirteenth Infantry Eegiment — the story of the brave, 
 hard soldier that nobody knew was always in the plain Amer- 
 icau young man (least of aill the American young man him- 
 self) — the most wonderful story any young men in the world 
 ever lived. 
 
The Artillery From Maryland 
 
109 
 
 Chaptek XVIII. 
 THE LUiCK OF THE "BIG GUN MEN." 
 
 In the deathless war records of the Yanks from IVCaryland, 
 there is the story of the "first to fight," and there is the 
 story of the "victimB of the armistice." 
 
 There is the story of mien in a complete fighting organiza- 
 tion Tyith Maryland blood and traditions which fought in 
 nearly every battle the armies of America fought in the 
 Great War; and there is the story of an organization with 
 the same blood in it and the same traditions which fought no 
 battles at all. 
 
 I speak, respectively, of the One Hundred and Seventeenth 
 Trench Mortar Battery and of the Second Battalion of the 
 One Hundred and Tenth Regimfcnt of Field Artillery. Aiid 
 because the latter began its career first, we shall tell its story 
 before we teU the story of the younger and luckier outfit. 
 
 For in the American Expeditionary Forces they counted 
 the "luckiest" men as those who got into the worst fighting 
 the most often. It was not necessarily the bravest, most am- 
 bitious spirits that did the most fighting in the great war, 
 and at the same time it must be said that no man who came 
 through the fighting lacked any of the bravery or airibition 
 he needed, else he would not have come through, or failed to 
 come through. 
 
 No, to go "up there" in those days was just "luck," like 
 striking it rich in the days of '49. Some went and some 
 didn't — ^that was all. A colonel couldn't go up to General 
 Pershing with tears in his eyes and say, "General, I've got 
 the finest gang of soldiers in France, just itching to fight, 
 sir — ^just itching! Please giv^ 'eia. a chance!" The war 
 wasn't ran that way. 
 
 Instead, to describe it in a general way, they sat back at 
 general headquarters in CShaumont, France, amidst their 
 nuapg, their desks and their records, and they put into the 
 fighting the men who weren't too far from the scene of the 
 battle when it was about to start; the men who had fought 
 before, if possible ; the men who had had the longest and best 
 
110 MAEYIiAND FIGHTEKS IN THE GKEAT WAB. 
 
 possible training and the men who could get there quickest. 
 
 In brief, they always tried to fight a battle with the oldest 
 veterans closest at hand. 
 
 It took a "first-time" fight to make a veteran and the 
 great war ended before the One Htrndred and Tenth Field 
 Artillery could get it into its "first-timte" fight. This bap- 
 tismjal battle was all planned out for it. November 14 was 
 to have seen it start and the surrender of the great fortresses 
 of Metz was to have seen it end. And the One Hundred and 
 Tenth found itself on the 11th of November, 1918, unbap- 
 tized by fire and a "victim of the armistice." 
 
 The One Hundred and Tenth represented Maryland and 
 the District of Columibia. The First Battalion was the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia part, made up of National Gkiard cavalry- 
 men from the nation's capital city. The Second Battalion 
 from Maryland was likewise a National Guard organization. 
 But its pre-war history is a very different history from that 
 of the Miaryland National Guardsmicn who figured in the One 
 Hundred and Fifteenth Infantry. 
 
 The samie thing that brought about the death of the old 
 National Gniard Infantry brought about two years earlier 
 the birth of the Maryland artillery battalion. The ancestor 
 outfit of the Maryland artillerymen who awaited the word 
 to m)ove upon Metz late ia 1918 was a child of the renais- 
 sance in American military ideals that started at Plattsburg, 
 N. Y., in the summer of 1915. So that no story of the part 
 played by Maryland artillerymen in the war is complete 
 without the story of Battery A. 
 
 It was in 1915 that the phrase "universal military train- 
 ing" came to be heard loudly in the land. Some people be- 
 gan to see in the stubbornness of the conflict in France a 
 menace to this part of the world. Others did not see it. But 
 those who did saw it so plainly that they were not content 
 with pointing to it and talking about it ; they went out and 
 got themselves ready to meet it. They went to Maj.-Gfen. 
 Leonard "Woods' citizens' training camp at Plattsburg. 
 
 More than a score of men from Mjaryland went there, miost 
 of them' from Baltimore. Another Baltimorean, William 
 Pell Johnson, Jr., went to Tobyhanna, Pa., where there .was 
 a camp devoted exclusively to instruction in field artillery. 
 
THE LtrCK OF THE "bIG GUN MEN." Ill 
 
 When they were all back in Baltimore in the fall of 1915 
 thej- organized Battery A, Maryland Field Artillery, and it 
 was mustered into the National Guard of the State with Wil- 
 liam FeU Johnson, Jr., as captain. 
 
 Thus were combined for the first time (ia Maryland, at 
 least) an old idea and a new idea, which, its proponents said, 
 should replace the old idea. Most men who wanted universal 
 military training wanted the National Gruard System to end. 
 These Maryland men got out of the universal military train- 
 ing theory all that theory had to give them, then seized upon 
 the National Guard as the only existing practical institution 
 capable of usiag them and their new knowledge. 
 
 On June 25, 1916, Battery A was mustered into the service 
 of the United States, along with Maryland's National Guard 
 infantry, cavalry and medical units, and at Camp Harrington 
 Laurel, Md., it went into camp, ready to go toward the Mexi- 
 can border. Instead, it went to Tobyhanna, where its captain 
 had first seized ui>on and prepared himself to develop the 
 Plattsburg idea. It stayed there in training until October 7, 
 1916, then came back to Baltimore. 
 
 From somewhere it got the name "limousine battery," in- 
 tended to convey the picture of an outfit of wealthy men who 
 played at soldiering because it was fashionable, and who re- 
 ported for drills in their own cars. The nickname lent a bit 
 of romance to Battery A, but it was far from properly de- 
 scriptive of it. There was no harder worMng or more earnest 
 bxmch of State soldiers in the Maryland Guard than the so- 
 called "limousine battery." 
 
 For almost a year, then, Battery A had nothing to do. But 
 in the spring of 1917, when the clouds of the great war began 
 to roU toward America, it stepped to the front full of enthu- 
 siasm, ready to go over and anxious to be of influence in get- 
 ting others to go. Entirely without jealousy of its position 
 as the only battery of field artillery in the State, it sought 
 permission to organize a whole artillery raiment. The War 
 Department mulled over the proposition for a time, then con- 
 sented to a battalion. In May, 1917, then, Battery A began to 
 help add to the strength of the American Army. 
 
112 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Under its new captain, J. Craig McLanalian (Captain John- 
 son having retired), parts of it toured the Eastern Shore and 
 Western Maryland, flying its red guidons along the roads 
 through the hills and lowlands in a crusade for recruits. In 
 the heart of Baltimore — ^the Court House Plaza — it went into 
 action on a hot day in June before noon-time street crowds of 
 office people. Its men, in uniform, canvassed the streets day 
 and night to get recruits. To complete the battalion of three 
 batteries, 380 more men were needed. 
 
 By the middle of July Battery B was a reality, and Capt. 
 Gustavus Ober was made its commanding officer. Before the 
 Maryland National Guardsmen started for Camp Medellan, 
 Anniston, Ala., Battery C was complete, with Capt, A. Hun- 
 ter Boyd in comjtnand. The Maryland First Battalion, Light 
 Field Artillery, was a reality. 
 
 Unlike the Maryland National Guard Infantry, the artillery 
 did not have to be broken up and reorganized during the early 
 days of the Twenty-ninth Division. It simply underwent a 
 change of designation. It became the Second Battalion of the 
 One Hundred and Tenth Artillery Regiment, and its bat' 
 teries were called D, E and F. Captain McLanahan had been 
 considered the logical man for the rank of battalion com- 
 mander, but he was sent off to the School of Fire at Fort Sill. 
 Major J. Newman Numsen, of the old Fifth Maryland Infan- 
 try, was assigned to the One Hundred and Tenth, and he also 
 went to Fort SiU, and, while he came back. Captain McLana- 
 han remained as an instructor. Major Numsen then became 
 commander of the Second Battalion. 
 
 Col. Washington Bowie, Jr., of the old Fifth Maryland In- 
 fantry, was put in command of the regiment. His whole ex- 
 perience as a soldier had been in the infantry ; artillery was a 
 new game to him. But he, too, went to the artillery school at 
 Fort Sill, and came back well equipped with the necessary 
 knowledge. 
 
 The story of the One Hundred and Tenth's experience in 
 Oamp McClellan is the story of the experience of every other 
 outfit in the Blue and Gray Division. It gun-drilled and rode 
 over the Alabama hills, and in the late winter and spring of 
 1918, it dragged its guns into the country and spent many 
 
THE LUCK OF THE "bIG 6Tm MEN." 113 
 
 days firing shells into the mountains. In June came the "big 
 orders." 
 
 Not many of the "folks" of the Twenty-ninth Diviaon got 
 a chance to see the men on their way to France. There were 
 few leave-takings for the departing Blue and Gxay, because 
 they moved so secretly. They Erpent almost no time at all in 
 embarkation cami>s; they were gone before anybody knew it. 
 like a division of will-o'-the-wisps. But small as was the op- 
 portunity for farewells in other parts of the division, it was 
 even smaller in the One Hundred and Tenth. 
 
 The regiment' had gone to Camp Mills, Long Island, to em- 
 bark, and relatives of the men had flocked to New York to see 
 it off to France. And at about the time they arrived in New 
 York the One Hundred and Tenth broke camp and came to 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Next day it sailed, and few people had the slightest sus- 
 picion liiat it had even been near the city. It was the only 
 Baltimore outfit to sail for France from the home town dur- 
 ing the war. 
 
 Most of the men were aboard the steamship Kemun and 
 there was a sinister story a;bout that old ship. She had res- 
 cued some French sailors from a Grerman submarine, it seems, 
 and there was a price upon her. German submarine captains 
 would be hxmting her all over the ocean. 
 
 But the Kemun came through. With the Maryland bat- 
 teries' field pieces strapped to her deck (for she had no 
 mounted guns of her own), she plowed across and never saw 
 a submarine. 
 
 The One Hhmdred and Tenth went first to the town of 
 Poitiers, not far south of Tours. Prom there details of men 
 went out to get horses, for the ilarylanders had brought no 
 horses with them. They had to use French animals. And 
 because of four years of war French animals were very 
 scarce. 
 
 From Poitiers the One Htmdred and Tenth moved in Sep- 
 tember, 1918, to Camp Meucon, near the city of Vannes, on 
 the northwest coast of France, and Camp Meucon was where 
 it stayed during most of the war. 
 
114 MABYLAJSTD FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Most of the American Expeditionary Force's artillery got its 
 training at Gamp Meucon. That place offered an opportunity 
 for firing at long ranges, and it was far enough away from the 
 war to make it certain that the Gtermans would not suspect 
 we were training thousands of artillerymen. 
 
 All through September the One Hundred and Tenth stayed 
 at Meucon, while the Twenty-ninth Division went into the 
 line and came out and prepared to go into the Argonne 
 drive. General Morton, the Blue and Gray Division eom- 
 msander, looked anxiously for his own artillerymen, but he 
 looked in vain. In Alsace the Twenty-ninth was supported 
 by French artillery, and in the fight north of Vierdun the 
 supporting artillery was the One Hlundred and Fifty-eighth 
 Brigade, commanded by Brig.-Gen. A. S. Fleming. The ar- 
 tillery situation was virtually the same in every division in 
 France — every division's own artilleiy brigade would be in 
 a training camlp and the artillery of some other division 
 would be supporting it. With only a few divisions, such as 
 the First, Second and Florty-second, was this not the case. 
 
 Through most of October, too, the Mlaryland artillerjnnen 
 stayed at Camp Meucon. They fired away enormous amounts 
 of ammunition. In one day they used up $100,000 worth of 
 shells in target practice. 
 
 Of course, they came to the point where they were expert 
 gunners. They had been firing their guns constantly since 
 the fall of 1917 as a regiment, and the officers and some of 
 the noncommissioned officers had been artillerymen since the 
 summer of 1916, with old Battery A at Tobyhanna. So that, 
 so far as efficiency was concerned, there was no reason at all 
 why Colonel Bowie's regiment should not have taken part in 
 the Argonne drive, or even in the St. Mihiel drive. 
 
 The reason was not connected with efficiency. It was con- 
 nected with transportation — ^horses. 
 
 At one tiirte there were but 150 horses in the entire One 
 Hundred and Tenth Regiment. At another time there were 
 but two, one for Colonel Bowie and the other for his orderly. 
 All the horses the French Government could spare for the 
 American Army were up there With the batteries that had 
 to move along behind the Aimjeriean Anriiy's advance, and 
 they weTe being killed in great numbers. 
 
THE LUCK OF THE "bIG GUN MEN." 115 
 
 In October, however, the Maryland artillerymen began to 
 see their big chance. Colonel Bowie was ordered up to the 
 front to spend some time with an artillery regiment then in 
 action in the Argonne. With him went his adjutant, Capt. 
 B. Compton G-raham, Capt. Edwin Warfield, Jr., Ldeut. 
 Henry Jenkins and several others. They were under fire 
 several times, and filled their notebooks with data to use 
 when they got into an actual engagement. 
 
 While they were up at the front, the regiment started to 
 move from Oamip Meucon. It was a slow process, with the 
 scarcity of animials and the scarcity of railway transporta- 
 tion, too. The Maryland artillerymen claim to hold the 
 record for the number of French villages lived in by Ameri- 
 can soldiers. They traveled for 14 days or more and slept 
 in a new village every night. 
 
 They were in the neighborhood of Bar-le-duc, where the 
 Blue and Gray Division went to rest after breaking the Ger- 
 man resistance north of Verdun, when Colonel Bowie and his 
 party came back from the front. In the same part of the 
 country, spread around for miles, were 48 other regiments of 
 American field artillery that were also coming up toward the 
 fighting for the first time. It was one of the greatest con- 
 gregations of big-gun men the world has ever seen, and for 
 the time being it was as helpless as a bunch of children. 
 There were no horses to pull the guns. 
 
 There would have been horses, though. From somewhere 
 there would have come horses to take at least the One Hun- 
 dren and Tenth Regiment into the fight and perhaps a good 
 many other regiments, for the drive on Metz was to begin on 
 November 14, and the Twenty-ninth Division, artillery and 
 all, was to be in the forefront of the attack. But, of course, 
 there was no drive on Metz. 
 
 The Blue and Gray division artillery was now back, 
 though, with its old Camp McClellan comrades, after a sep- 
 aration of nearly five months. Wherever the division would 
 move, the Maryland artillerymen would move. Several 
 times after the armistice and while the Twenty-ninth was 
 stm in the Bar-le-duc region orders came saying "be ready." 
 Everybody hoped the Blue and Gray would be part of the 
 
116 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Army of Occupation. But when it moved it went southward, 
 toward the area around Bourbonne-lesMbains. 
 
 Regimental Headquarters of the One Hundred and Tenth 
 were established at Aisey, and the Second Battalion, the 
 Marylanders went to Ormoy-haute-Saone. There they waited, 
 as did the rest of the Blue and Oray, for the coming of June 
 and the trip home. 
 
 Such is the story of the oldest artillery organization of 
 Maryland in the great war. It is a story of disappointments, 
 but it is an important story because it shows how completely 
 and easily liaison was established between the idea of univer- 
 sal military training and the idea embodied in the National 
 Guard — ^the one developing the spirit, the men and the mili- 
 tary knowledge, and the other furnishing the medium for the 
 best, quickest and most practical use of the spirit, the men 
 and the knowledge. 
 
 It is perfectly evident that without either the Plattsburg 
 idea or the Maryland National Guard Maryland would have 
 had no artillery to give to the American Army. The fact that 
 they did not get into the fight has nothing to do with it. 
 They were there, in uniform — trained and ready. 
 
 Of the men who gave their lives in France, at least two we 
 know of came from old Battery A — Robert Ober and Fred- 
 erick Colston. And even before the battalion was organized 
 eight of its original members had become captains, 15 had be- 
 come lieutenants and 17 were in candidate officers' schools 
 and were, for the most part, commissioned. 
 
 Of the officers of the original Second Battalion, One Hun- 
 dred and Tenth, some were taken for other positions in the 
 army during the war. From Battery D Lieut. Blanchard 
 Randall, Jr., was picked to become aide-de-camp to Maj.-6en. 
 Charles G. Morton, commanding the Twenty-ninth Division. 
 Captain McLanahan became an instructor at Fort Sill. Lieut. 
 Edward Warfield, Jr., became a captain and was attached to 
 Fifty-fourth Artillery Brigade headquarters. Lieuts. J. Mor- 
 ton Harris and D. List Warner were with Battery D until 
 the end. 
 
 From Battery B we:nt Lieut. Charles B. Reeves to become 
 an aviator and Lieut. Beverly Ober to join the staff at Blue 
 
THE LUCK OF THE " BIO. GUN MEN." 117 
 
 and Gray Division headquarters. Ober became a captain and 
 division ordnance officer. Capt. G-ustavus Ober, Jr., the bat- 
 tery commander, preceded the battery home by a few weeks, 
 while Liieuts. Gresham Poe and Frank H. Frisbie stayed 
 with it. 
 
 Lieut. Robert Ober and Capt. Frederick Colston were in 
 the Eightieth Division in the Argonne drive when they were 
 kiUed. Capt. A. Hunter Boyd and Lieuts. Eichard B. Chap- 
 man, S. Bonsai Brooks and William G. Dancy stayed with 
 Battery F in France. 
 
 "From Plattsburg to Metz" we might have been able to 
 call the story of Maryland's big-gun men. But it is one of 
 the fortunes of war that things happen sometimes to put the 
 Metzes always farther and farther beyond a soldier's reach. 
 
118 MARYLAND FIGHTEES IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter XIX. 
 MARYLAND'S "MRST-TO-FIGHT" GO IN. 
 
 In all the American Expeditionary Forces there were no 
 veterans with longer service or more battles to their credit 
 than the men of the One Hundred and Seventeenth Trench 
 Mortar Battery of the Forty-second Division — except possibly 
 the regulars in the First Division. 
 
 Nobody expected nearly two years ago to be aible to say 
 that about them. Nobody quite knew then what they might 
 expect to be able to say about any of the soldiers who were 
 going away to France. It all seemed rather "impossible"— 
 hard to understand. 
 
 The two pictures, one of the sort of terrible fighting going 
 on in France — gas and flame and shell, all of which people 
 knew only as words — and the other of these young men — ^very 
 young, some of them — ^known to their friends as either good 
 dancers or witty story-tellers or quiet, studious lads — these 
 two pictures didn't fit together at all. It was all too strange 
 to even imagine. 
 
 But the facts fitted together if the pictures did not. And 
 so the One Hundred and Seventeenth Trench Mortar Battery 
 caone home as Maryland's veteran combat unit of the great 
 war. 
 
 It went away from home on Saturday afternoon, August 24, 
 1917, and on that date it was but a few days old. Its soldiers 
 were young soldiers ; they had not had uniforms and Munson- 
 last shoes very long. They tad come into the service in those 
 hot days when our streets were full of men in khaki har- 
 anguing the rather indifferent crowds not in khaki from the 
 tails of motor-trucks, and our windows full of posters calling 
 upon men to enlist. They had joined the Maryland Coast Ar- 
 tillery Battalion, which was then, like the Field Artillery Bat- 
 talion, just being formed. 
 
 On August 14, 1917, the nation was electrified by a "story" 
 that appeared in every afternoon newspaper in the country. 
 It was dated "Washington," and it told of the plan to organ- 
 
maktiand's "fiest-to-fight" go in. 119 
 
 ize a "Rainbow Division" that should go to France immedi- 
 ately. Until that day America had not fully waked up to the 
 real meaning of the war. "War was known to mean food and 
 Liberty Bonds and money and thrift, but it had not come 
 definitely to mean men. But on this August afternoon Amer- 
 ica woke up. Her men were going— her own men, the State 
 troops; and they were going from 26 States and the District 
 of Columbia. 
 
 They called upon Maryland for a Trench Mortar battery. 
 Nobody knew what a trench mortar was, not even the high 
 officers of the national guard. They weren't quite sure what it 
 was or how it was used even on Governor's Island, New York, 
 whither all the officers from these 26 States were speeding for 
 orders. It is said that the high regard they held ia the 
 Rainbow Division for Lieut.-Col. Robert J. GiU, of Baltimore, 
 started when he reported at Governor's Island and the gen- 
 eral or the ehief-of-staff looked up at him over a pile of work 
 and said: 
 
 "Oh, yes, Captain Gill! You will command the One Hun- 
 dred and Seventeenth Trench Mortar Battery," and GUI sa- 
 luted without batting an eyelid, though he didn't know a 
 trench mortar from pan j andrum. Gill 's apparent stolidity was 
 the more impressive because there were colonels who reported 
 and said, "My God, sir, you don't mean it!" and were other- 
 wise visibly perturbed when the nature of their jobs was told 
 them. 
 
 There were stirring days around the old Richmond Miarket 
 Armory, where they were picking the One Hundred Mid Sev- 
 enteenth Trench Mortar Battery. They picked it from the 
 new Coast Artillery Battalion, which everybody had thought 
 would never leave the shores of Maryland, no matter how 
 many American soldiers went over. And now it was to be the 
 first to go, or part of it was. Major Carroll Edgar, Captain 
 GiU, Lieut. Richard A. Carson, Lieut. J. Woodall Greene, all 
 of whom, except Major Edgar, were going to command the 
 battery in France, were in a room on the second fl^oor of the 
 armory, and outside the closed door the young coast artillery- 
 men were lined up, waiting to be picked for the great trip or 
 be told they would not be picked. 
 
120 MAEYIiAND BIGHTEBS IN THE GREAT WAE. 
 
 The Maryland battery was the second unit of the Rainbow 
 Division to reach Camp Mills, on Long Island. The One Hun- 
 dred Sixty-fifth Infantry, New York's old Sixty-ninth, beat 
 them there by two or three days. 
 
 On October 18 the Rainbow Division began to sail, and the 
 Trench Mortar Battery was in the first column that marched 
 to the Long Island Cfity ferry to cross to the docks at Ho- 
 boken. 
 
 Submarines were running wild about that time. The de- 
 parture of the Rainbow was shrouded in the deepest secrecy. 
 Nobody "saw them off." Nobody knew they were going. 
 And not one of the ships in the convoy saw a submiarine, 
 though on the last day of October a wireless message re- 
 ported a fleet of submarines waiting at the entrance to the 
 port of St. Nazaire. The course of the whole convoy was 
 changed and the danger avoided, and the Trench Mortai' 
 Battery landed in France at dusk on October 31, 1917. 
 
 American soldiers were comparatively new in France at 
 that time, and there were crowds of French people around 
 the docks at St. Nazaire, waiting to greet the Rainbow, But 
 it was raining, 'and the mud was deep and sticky ; altogether 
 a dism^al situation. The Trench Mortar Battery's first im- 
 pressions of "Sunny France" were not favorable impres- 
 sions. 
 
 The Marylanders stayed at a rest camp near St. Nazaire 
 until Novemiber 10 and then went to Fort de la Bonelle, 
 where they were to get their first instruction in the handling 
 of trench mortars. They were the first Annerican trench 
 mortar men to reach this school, which later became the Amer- 
 ican center of learning in France in the science of trench 
 artillery. The One Hundred and Seventeenth soon learned 
 what "trench mortars" were and how they were used. 
 There would be no quiet life behind the lines for them. 
 When they got into the fighting they would be right up there 
 at the front line, heaving bombs over the heads of the in- 
 fantrjonen into the German poadtions just ahead. 
 
 Being separated from the Rainbow Division immediately 
 upon landing, they escaped the "Valley Forge Hike" of the 
 rest of the Forty-second front "Vlaucouleurs area to the Kiol- 
 ampont area, where they were to go into training. They did 
 
mabyland's "first-to-fight" go in. 121 
 
 not rejoin the division until February 15, 1918, on which 
 day orders came to the Eainbow to move into the front line. 
 Its training days were over. It was going to fight. 
 
 The "quiet sector" about which the War Department was 
 telling the people back home was then the Luneville sector 
 on liorraine, and it was into the old trenches there that the 
 Rainbow went. It reaUy was quiet — ^that is, it had been, 
 until some of the Alabamians in the One Hundred and Sixty- 
 seventh Infantry got tired of seeing boche soldiers walking 
 around on the parapets and washing their clothes in shell 
 holes, and opened fire on some of them'. On March 5 the 
 boche retaliated and the quiet days were over for a time. 
 
 They retaliated with a raid, preceded by a heavy artillery 
 bombardment on every known position from which the 
 Americans might fire back, coming over about 140 strong, 
 intent upon taking American prisoners. And when they 
 were in a little valley that led to the Rainibow's positions, 
 infantry, artillery and trench mortars opened on them, and 
 the mortars were fired by the men of the One Hundred and 
 Seventeenth. It was the Rainbow's first fight and it re- 
 sulted in victory and the trench miortar men were largely re- 
 sponsible for it. 
 
 Four days later the Rainbow came back at the boche with 
 a raid. Assisted by the French, with whom; they were 
 brigaded, they went over the top after a bombardment last- 
 ing four hours, captured prisoners and returned with few 
 casualties. The heavy counter-battery work from the Ger- 
 man artillery brought about the Trench Mortar Battery's 
 first sacrifice — ^Private James B. Potts, w!ho died at his gun. 
 
 On March 17 the Trench Mortar Battery with its barrage 
 helped a raiding party from the One Hundred and Sixty- 
 fifth New York fight the Giermans out of a strong point in 
 the Foret de Parroy. This was the first permanent gain 
 ever made by American troops in France. Sergt. Joyce Kil- 
 mer, of New York, afterward killed on the Oureq, immor- 
 talized that fight in his poem, "The Woods Galled Rouge 
 Bouquet." Rouge Bouquet was the namie of the particular 
 little clump of greenery in the Foret de Plarroy from which 
 the boche were driven. 
 
 They had been in the trenches almost a month now; they 
 
122 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 had earned a rest, and they were ordered to take one. But 
 even as they started back for the Eolaiapont area, with vis- 
 ions before them of a few weeks of ease and sleep o' nights, 
 the thing hapened that changed their whole career, taking 
 from them any possibility of rest until the war ended. They 
 came out of the Luneville sector on March 20, and on March 
 23 they were with the rest of the Rainbow Division about 1-5 
 miles behind the line, prepared to march to the rest billets. 
 Then the great Germian offensive of March 21 gathered 
 strength. Marshal Foch becamte supreme Allied commander, 
 and General Pershing made his historic offer to Marshal 
 Poch — the use of the whole Amierican Army to handle as he 
 wished. So the Trench Mortar Battery turned around and 
 marched back to the trenches. 
 
 This time it went into the Baccarat sector, the Forty-sec- 
 ond now holding a part of the line alone, unassisted by the 
 French. Trench Mortar Battery headquarters were estab-, 
 lished in Pexonne. All through Aipril there were raids and 
 patrols. Corporal Charles J. Blankfard was wounded about 
 April 21 and died in the hospital. Commendations and 
 Croix de Gluerres came to the Trench Mortar Battery. But 
 there was little in the way of a real fight until May 2, when 
 the Bainbow attacked the Bois de Ohiens, a pretty little for- 
 est that had been giving forth sounds of hammering land 
 building, suspiciously redolent of the concentration there of 
 Germian stormi troops. 
 
 Into this "Forest of Oaks," the Trench Mortar Battery 
 and the field artillery of the Rainbow poured a terribly de- 
 structive fire until dusk of the next day ; and then a raiding 
 party from the One Hundred and Sixty-sixth of Ohio went 
 over on a "go and come raid." They found the forest and 
 all the defensive works the boche had been constructing there 
 completely wrecked. 
 
 And now, by the middle of June, Marshal Foch had other 
 plans for his American Rainbow Division. On June 15 the 
 Trench Mortar Battery left Pexonne, the ruined village where 
 it had lived for nearly three months with no native inhabi- 
 tants but a butcher, a grocer and a few widowed women and 
 their children, all red-eyed and choked with many gas at- 
 tacks ; and on June 22 it entrained. Its record and the record 
 
MAKYLAjro's "fERST-TO-FIGHT" GO IN. 123 
 
 of the rest of the Rainbow, of three solid months in the 
 trenches, without rest or relief, was neither broken nor ap- 
 proached by any other American division throughout the 
 whole war. 
 
 The Maryland battery's next appearance at the front was 
 in the Champagne, 20 kilometers above Chalons-sur-Mame, 
 where it helped stop in its tracks the last great offensive the 
 armies of Germany attempted. This, many experts in mili- 
 tary strategy agree, was the real turning point of the war, 
 the operation of the Second Division at Chateau Thierry not- 
 withstanding ; for the Second Division's gallant fight, weak- 
 ening as it was to the German morale, did not entirely stop 
 its power of large-scale offensives, and the stand of Gouraud's 
 Fourth Army before Chalons did stop it. The Rainbow Di- 
 vision was the only American division in Gouraud's army. 
 
 The French general's scheme of defense may be described 
 by the term "elastic." He had abandoned his first line sys- 
 tem of trenches and turned it into a mass of death traps. His 
 first real infantry defense was his intermediate line, about 
 three miles from the Grerman positions, and back of that was 
 his. second line, with French and Rainbow infantry regiments 
 in support. The French and American artillery were like- 
 wise brigaded together. 
 
 Out ahead of the infantry, the outfit that would be the first 
 to throw into confusion the advancing Germans, was the One 
 Hundred and Seventeenth Trench Mortar Batt-ery from 
 Maryland. Its duty was to fire bombs and more bombs until 
 it had no more to fire or until the Grermans were so close that 
 the battery woidd be captured if it did not fall back — and 
 then it was to fall back. 
 
 In the same dugouts, waiting with the Maryland men for 
 the Germans to come close, were French sacrifice companies, 
 ordered to fight until they died. 
 
 Another of General Gouraud's coups was an artillery bar- 
 rage that should start shortly before the German bombard- 
 ment was to start, demoralizing the Germans' preparations 
 for the attack, upsetting their supply plans and killing some 
 of their storm troops. By the lucky capture of a (German 
 sergeant on the very night the attack was to be made, Gen- 
 eral Gouraud was able to time his barrage to the minute. The 
 
124 MAKYLAND FIGHTEES IN THE GREAT WAB. 
 
 German sergeant gave away the exact time of the attack. It 
 was to come at midnight. 
 
 It came, bringing with it a smashing wave of ar- 
 tillery fire that exceeded in volume of sound and de- 
 vastating effect any artillery demonstration at any period 
 of the war. The combined chorus of AUied and German 
 guns was an appalling noise and the. effect of the German 
 fire on the lines and rear areas of Gouraud's army was dead- 
 ly. But so was Gouraud's artillery deadly, and it caught the 
 Germans at just the right time ; it was too late for them to 
 postpone the attack and they had to go through with it know- 
 ing that the Allies were ready and waiting for them! Gou- 
 raud's strategy had killed the precious chance of surprise. 
 
 At 4 o'clock on the morning of July 15 the bombardment 
 lifted a bit and the German infantry started across. It was 
 at this point that the Maryland Trench Mortar Battery, out 
 there virtually in No Man's Land with nothing between them 
 and the boche but their own guns, got to work. 
 
 All their training had been with the type of mortar known 
 as the "French 58," but for this defensive fight they were 
 ordered to use "Newton Sixes," a newer and larger gun. 
 They had none of their own, so they borrowed them from the 
 Eighty-ninth Division. 
 
 By the time they had to leave their positions to save them- 
 selves from capture, they had fired with these new, borrowed 
 guns, about 750 bombs, put four German tanks out of action 
 and killed scor^ of German infantrymen. Then they retired 
 to the second line. Two of their men, Privates Harry P. 
 Cushen and Franklin A. Landram, were killed in the Cham- 
 pagne fight and two were wounded. 
 
 On the night of July 16, after fighting desperately to get a 
 foothold in the Allied lines, after the Alabamians and New 
 Yorkers had counter-attacked and driven them out time and 
 again, after ruses and tricks that all came to nanght, Gen- 
 eral von Einem's army gave up hope and the fighting ceased 
 with not a foot of ground gained or lost. Thus ended the 
 last (dd-time trench battle of the war, the last German offen- 
 sive; and thus came the turning point. For its valorous work 
 the One Hundred and Seventeenth Trench Mortar Battery 
 
makylaxd's "fikst-to-fight" go in. 125 
 
 was eommended by Gouraud and by its own division com- 
 mander, Maj.-Gen. Charles T. Menoher, and it was now looked 
 upon as the pet outfit of the Rainbow Division — such a little 
 crowd of lads it was, and so full of "real stuff." 
 
 A glimpse of Paris — ^beautiful Paris — was vouchsafed to the 
 One Hundred and Seventeenth on its trip to the next fight; 
 for by this time leaving one fight meant, for the Rainbow 
 Division, merely going to another fight. It had had no rest 
 yet, it had had no new equipment. And now it was bound 
 for the Chateau Thierry salient which, under Foeh's great 
 counter-attack, begun on July 18, was slowly but surely con- 
 tracting; closing in like pincers on that great arm the Ger- 
 mans had thrust out toward Paris. 
 
 The Trench Mortar men, traveling on flat cars — ^for the 
 weather was warm and golden and the rush of dean air over 
 the rolling train was like wine to tired soldiers — ^passed 
 through Noisy-le-sec, a suburb of Paris. Prom bridges over 
 the railroad yards French women and girls in fluffy summer 
 things waved and cheered wildly as the Raiubow went by. 
 Paris had heard how Americans had helped stop the Germans 
 in the Champagne, and it was a long time since Paris had cele- 
 brated a victory, with the Gothas humming over the city every 
 night, and the bellow of the guns almost at her gates. And 
 here before them were the Americans who had beaten the 
 boche — "nos hraves amis" — so they threw flowers into the 
 dirty train yards and wept down upon the flat cars. 
 
 The Rainbow went straight into the attack on the Germans 
 along the River Ourcq, and so rapid was the operation 
 and so open the fighting through the wheat fields that 
 the trench mortars, better defensive than offensive weapons, 
 did not get into it. The Maryland men lived in Chateau 
 Thierry during that fight, working around the hospitals 
 which were full with the wounded from that bloody 
 struggle between the Ourcq and the V«8le; carrying mies- 
 sages and making themselves generally useful. They will 
 always look back on those da3rs in Chateau Thierry, battered, 
 ruined city that it was and still under shell fire, as one of the 
 happiest periods of their careers in France. Sometimes they 
 got a chance to go into Paris, and that was an experience 
 
126 MABYIiAND FIGHTEES IN THE GREAT WAK. 
 
 that came to few members of American combat divisions while 
 'the war was going on. 
 
 By August 17 the Trench Mortar Battery, with the rest of 
 the division, was loaded into box cars and started off for 
 the Bourmont area. It was a somewhat different looking bat- 
 tery now — dirty and ragged, to be sure, but different in per- 
 sonnel, too. Captain Gill had been taken away — promoted — 
 pushed up into the councils of the staff by the glory of the 
 little battery he had brought over and trained and led in the 
 fighting. He was a major now, and "G-1," by which term the 
 division staff officer was known who had charge of all supply 
 and transportation matters. The battery commander was now 
 Lieut. Richard Carson, with Lieutenant Greene second in com- 
 mand. There were gaps in the ranks now, too. 
 
 At Bourmont, which is near Langres, the home of the Amer- 
 ican Army staff school, the Trench Mortar Battery more nearly 
 approached a rest than at any other time or place during the 
 war. There was nothing to do here but practice all over 
 again how to fire trench mortars and to drill all day from 
 sun-up to sunset. For a big thing was about to happen. The 
 First American Army was being formed, and the Rainbow 
 Division was to be a part of it. Furthermore, the First Amer- 
 ican Army was about to execute an operation against the 
 enemy all by itself, without help or counsel from the French 
 or British. It was to attack the St. Mihiel salient. 
 
 All around Bourmont divisions were gathering for training 
 and equipment, preparing for the first great American drive. 
 The First American Army was going to try to repeat in the 
 old Lorraine salient what the combined armies of France and 
 America had just done in the Chateau Thierry salient. 
 
 With the division the Trench Mortar Battery started on 
 August 30, moving always by night and resting by day, for 
 the attack was to be a complete surprise. 
 
 The bombardment started at 1 o'clock on the morning of 
 September 12. Again the Trench Mortar Battery got no' 
 chance to put on a "shoot," for the operation was an advance 
 and the mortars were too heavy to drag along at a pace equal 
 to the marching infantry. But they worked all that night on 
 
'fiest-to-fight" go in. 127 
 
 the farthest advanced ammunition dump in St. Benoit, and 
 they did great work as couriers and runners. 
 
 In September both Lieutenajit Carson and Lieutenant 
 Greene got promotions, Carson going to captain and battery 
 commander and Greene getting a first lieutenancy. And by 
 the time they reached Benoit-vaux-Couvent, in the country be- 
 hind the Argonne drive, Carl P. Michael, the battery's old 
 first sergeant, had come back from officers' school with a sec- 
 ond lieutenancy and was assigned to the battery. 
 
 For on October 1, after they had held on to the new St. 
 Mihiel line f o» nearly a mionth, constantly under the guns of 
 Metz, the Rainbow had started for the last and greatest bat- 
 tle in American history. Plodding through miles of mxid 
 on their weary horses, moving by day and by night, the 
 Trench Mortar Battery had crossed half of France to get 
 into position for the next job. There it stayed — a unit in an 
 American division of shock troops — to be held back to deal 
 the finishing blow. 
 
128 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Chapter XX. 
 FROM THE ARGONNE TO THE RHINE. 
 
 Three days the One Hundred and Seventeenth Trench 
 Mortar Battery stayed in Benoit-Vaux-Couvent ■waiting for 
 orders sending the Rainbow Division into the A'rgonne drive. 
 A few kilometers north of there was Nixeville, where their 
 brother Marylanders in the 115th waited the word to attack. 
 
 Then it moved to Recicourt, almost due west of Verdun and 
 due south of Montfaucon, and on October 6 it went into the 
 Bois de Mbntfaueon, about a kilometer south of the ruined 
 city on the hill, wTiere two weeks before the Three Hundred 
 and Thirteenth Infantry, of Baltimore, had fought its great 
 battle. 
 
 It stayed in these reeking woods until October 13. The 
 forest had been bitten and gouged and chewed by four years 
 of shellfire from two armies seeking to conquer and defend 
 Verdun. Shell holes full of water pitted the face of the 
 land, and the strong stench of gas and of the dead hung 
 over it. 
 
 On ahead the Thirty-second Division was struggling to 
 take Romagne and Cunel, strong points on the Kremhilde 
 Stellung, and the counter-bombardmients of gas and high-ex- 
 plosive the Germans sent over fell upon the Trench Mortar 
 men in the Bois de Montfaucon. Virtually in the midst of 
 the fighting, it had nothing to do with the fight. But on 
 October 13, the Rainbow was ordered to relieve the tired 
 First Division on a line between Fleville and Exermont. 
 
 In the meantime the Trench Mortar men had been hard at 
 work as couriers and prison guards. One platoon under 
 Lieut. Henry Hundley was attached to the Eighty-fourth In- 
 fantry Brigade, and the other, under Lieut. Max Gersumky, 
 was with the Eighty-third Brigade. It was during this 
 period, from October 1 to October 16, that Electrician G«orge 
 Clark was killed. 
 
 In one of the most brilliant operations of the war the 
 Rainbow Infantry captured Hill 288 and the Cote de Chatil- 
 lion, forcing the Germans to fall back from Romagne and 
 
FROM THE ARGONNE TO THE RHINE. 129 
 
 Cunel and begin their rapid retreat which ended with the 
 armistice on November 11. The Second Division, relieving 
 the Rainbow on October 31, found almost a clear path before 
 it immediately. Advancing became little more than pur- 
 suing. 
 
 But while the Rainbow Infantry was being relieved, the 
 Trench Mortar Battery was just getting into the Airgonne 
 battle. With the rest of the Rainbow Artillery it was 
 called upon to support the Second revision's attack on No- 
 vember 1. 
 
 By this time the Argonne drive was really beginning to 
 drive. Even the wonderful machine-gun resistance of the 
 Germans was crumbling. For the tired, comparatively un- 
 tried divisions that had begun the attack had been relieved 
 by veteran divisions with strings of victorious battles to their 
 credit, and the Germans had now had about enough. 
 
 So, as I say, the Second Diyision's advance after it re- 
 lieved the Rainbow Division was almost a parade, and the 
 One Hundred and Seventeenth Trench Mortar Battery 
 helped clear the way for it. Theirs was the last trench-m'or- 
 tar "shoot" of the war, and it was also their own last fight. 
 
 The G«rmans were strongly settled in the villages of St. 
 Georges and Landres St. Georges, just beyond the two hiU^ 
 — 288 and Chatillon — that the Rainbow Division had cap- 
 tured, and northeast of Grandpre. It was necessary to get 
 St. G«orges and Landres St. Georges before any further ap- 
 preciable gain could be made, and a trench mortar bombard- 
 ment was decided upon as the surest way of dearing out 
 these two villages. The Marylandera were ordered to stay 
 behind and put down the bomibardniient while the rest of the 
 Rainbow Division was being relieved. 
 
 They were to put in their Newton sixes beyond the village 
 of Sommerance, for trench mortars must be fairly close to 
 the objective to be of great value. GteneraJs from the Sec- 
 ond and Eighty-ninth looked over the ground and said it 
 could not be done. The trench mortar men would be under 
 almost direct machine-gun fire and artillery observation 
 while at work on the mortar emtplacements. They would be 
 killed off and the Oermans would discover what the Ameri- 
 cans were up to, and the whole plan would go to pieces. 
 
130 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 But General Menoher had confidenoe in Ms trench mortar 
 battery. Lieut. Greene said they could do it and the General 
 told them to go ahead. 
 
 They put in the guns in two days, working at night, build- 
 ing bases and hauling the heavy mortars themselves. By 
 the night of October 27 the work wlas finished, even to the 
 camouflage. A!nd that same night Jhe G«rmians blew up 
 the whole business. 
 
 The two generals who said it couldn't- be done now cried, 
 "We told you so," but the Maryland trench mortar men were 
 back next day — ^in the same place. 
 
 Probably the Germans never expected that the mortars 
 would be put again into the very emplacements they had de- 
 stroyed, and they sent out m!any patrols and shot up many 
 flares to try to discover the new site of the Newton sixes. 
 And all the time the Maryland men were putting them back 
 into the very same site. By the night of October 29 they 
 had finished the job for the second time. 
 
 At 3 o'clock on the morning of November 1 they began 
 to bombard the villages of St. G«orges and Landres St. 
 Georges. IVom each of their five guns they fired six bombs 
 a minute, and in two houTS they put over more shots than 
 two ^regiments of 6-inch howitzers could have put over in the 
 same period of time. The whole battery worked under the 
 direction of Lieutenant Greene, and there were flve men at 
 each gun under three sergeants — ^Lantz, Warner and Charles 
 "W. Stout. In two hours they fired 1,000 bombs. 
 
 Most of the time they worked their mortars under heavy 
 bombardment with high explosive and gas, and the One 
 Hundred and Sevententh sustained more casualties in this 
 fight than in any other single operation during its career 
 in Prance. Corporal Dupqnt Wolf was wounded three 
 times, and died in a hospital after the armistice. Lieut. Carl 
 F. Michael, the former first-sergeant, wias badly gassed and 
 did not return to the battery until it was settled down in 
 Germany. Private Giiemey was badly shell-shocked, and 
 Cook Solomon was wounded while frying steak in his 
 kitchen. 
 
 But before the One Hundred and Seventeenth was through 
 the Germans had evacuated St. Georges and Dandres St. 
 
FROM THE AKGONNE TO THE RHINE. 131 
 
 <xeorges, and the Second Division, when it started the final 
 drive toward Sedan, had no opposition from, those two 
 strongholds. 
 
 "When the war ended the battery was again with the divi- 
 sion grouped around Buzaney. While the Marylanders had 
 been engaged in their last battle the Rainbow had been racing 
 for Sedan with the First and Seventy-seventh Divisions, and 
 had been the first to reach Wadlaineourt, on the heights over- 
 looking the city. Then it was withdrawn and was not on the 
 front line when the armistice went into effect. 
 
 The American Akmy of Occupation was now being formed, 
 and the Rainbow Division was to be in it. Headquarters 
 were established at Brandeville, a village the Germans had 
 occupied almost up to the last hours of the war, and the days 
 of the Trench Mortar Battery were busy with receiving and 
 distributing new uniforms and equipment for this final, vic- 
 torious hike. 
 
 Their first stop on the way to Germany was Montmedy, 
 one of the important railheads on the railroad toward which 
 the American armies had been driving since September 26. 
 They reached there on Novemiber 20, the day President Poin- 
 caire arrived in his special train to extend to the Montmedy 
 citizens Prance's welcome and love upon the city's return to 
 the nation. For four years Montmedy had been occupied by 
 the Germans, and its day in Montmedy gave the Trench Bat- 
 tery its first glimpse of the things behind the veil. 
 
 At this point another process of evolution overtook them. 
 The afternoon of November 20 they got word that all theii] 
 horses and guns would be taken from them and they would 
 be supplied with motor trucks for the rest of the trip to the 
 Rhine. There would be no more hay and forage to carry now 
 and no more currycombing and grooming and hostlering. 
 There was joy in the One Hundred and Seventeenth's camp 
 that night. They would travel to the Rhine in "luxury." 
 
 They left Montmedy at 6.45 next morning in their 
 new trucks, crossed the border into Belgium, rolling 
 past poor peasants and villagers , who were too stunned 
 with the suddenness of their deliverance to cheer, but 
 in whose eyes was the dumb gratitude of animals 
 
132 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GEEAT WAS. 
 
 rescued from torture. Their stay for the night was in the 
 neighborhood of the city of Virton, where German soldiers 
 were still living — ^German medical officers and Red Cross work- 
 ers and nurses on duty at the German hospital, which was full 
 of wounded men, some Americans among them. 
 
 Next day they came to Arlon, Belgium. Arlon was a big, 
 beautiful city. It had been crowded lyith Germans during 
 the war. Some of its most influential citizens had been de- 
 ported to G«rmany because the Germans feared they would 
 talk the Belgians into a state of rebeUion against the invasion. 
 These exiles .had not come back yet when the Trench Mortal} 
 men arrived, but the people of Arlon forgot the things they 
 had endured in their joy at seeing the Americans. There 
 were torchlight parades around the city that night and the 
 streets were full of mobs of shouting, cheering people. The 
 division moved ahead on the following day, crossing the bor- 
 der into Luxemibourg, but, with a queer mingling of delight 
 and chagrin, the Trench Mortar Battery stayed in Arlon un- 
 der orders. They were delighted because Arlon was such a 
 wonderful place to be, with the citizens "breaking their 
 necks" to entertain the Americans; and they were a little 
 chagrined because it looked as though they might miss the 
 chance to go into Germany with the division. 
 
 But, as the only American soldiers in Arlon, they very 
 quickly forgot all about chagrin, for during the two weeks they 
 were there they lived ' ' the life of Riley. ' ' Their only military 
 duties were keeping a guard on some guns and material the 
 Germans had left behind in the Palais de Justice and the rail- 
 road depot. The wealthy citizens of Arlon gave them parties 
 and teas and dances and they had a wonderful time for two 
 weeks. They celebrated Thanksgiving Day there with a big 
 dinner and a caldron of egg-nog. 
 
 About December 4, just after the Rainbow Ddviaion left the 
 vidnity of Merseh, Luxembourg, to go into GTermany, the 
 Trench Mortar Battery started for Arlon to rejoin the divi- 
 sion. Traveling ahead with Division Headquarters, I came 
 back and connected up with the One Hundred and Seven- 
 teenth in the village of Stfcroheich, Germany. 
 
 Most of the men slept in the village schoolhouse. The school- 
 
FROM THE AKGONNE TO THE KHINE. 133 
 
 master and his frau lived on the second floor. The officers' 
 mess was in *he home of the bui-goteaster who had had three 
 sons in the German Army. One had been killed and the other 
 two were now home helping father on the farm. 
 
 At this stage of their relations with the American Army of 
 Oecupation, the German people were not quite sure how to 
 Act. There was a mixture of suUenness and fear in their man- 
 ner; they never attempted to rebel against the authority of 
 the Americans, at least in the Trench Mortar Battery's ter- 
 ritory, but neither did they attempt any friendly overtures. 
 They did whatever the Marylanders wanted them to do and 
 slunk around regarding our men from the comers of their 
 eyes. One night some small boys stole a lot of bacon from one 
 of the battery's trucks, and the battery's new captain, Wil- 
 liam McOabe, ordered the burgomaster to find the little rob- 
 bers and stationed an armed guard around the battery's sup- 
 plies with orders to fire upon food thieves. 
 
 Shortly thereafter the battery moved to Diunpelfeld, and 
 then to Kreuzberg, where it settled down for the period of 
 occupation, which, everybody supposed, would last until the 
 T)eace treaties were finally signed. 
 
 Kreuzberg is a small village beside the Elver Ahr, a narrow, 
 brawling stream that tears dbwn through the mountains — 
 roaring, murmuring, whirlpooling — always to the Rhine. The 
 town itself was in the midst of many mountains, whose steep 
 slopes were all covered with vineyards. Standing in the little 
 streets of Kreuzberg one felt like a very tiny pygmy cut off 
 from the world by great barriers, with here and there a pass 
 hewn through, seeming very far off and inaccessible. At 
 various distances the ragged outlines of ancient castles broke 
 into the sky-line. 
 
 On their first night in Kreuzberg the Trench Mortar men 
 slept in one of these castles on the hiU just behind the viUage, 
 for the One Hundred and Fiftieth ArtiUery Regiment had 
 beaten them into the place. But next day they began getting 
 "bUlefted, and just as they were becoming comfortably settled in 
 the houses of the Kreuzberg people, First Sergeant Robertson 
 Magruder and Sergeant Dearheart found a real barracks. 
 
 It was a brand new pair of long, one-story buildings just 
 
134 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 being completed for occupancy by German railroad men who 
 made Kreuzberg their headquarters. There were electric 
 lights in the buildings, hot and cold water, shower baths, a 
 comfortable bed with a mattress for each man, an up-to-date 
 kitchen and a dining-room. So the men were all ordered 
 out of the billets they had taken in the homes of Kreuzberg 's. 
 families and put into these barracks. Thus the battery was 
 kept together and a minimum of "fraternizing" with the 
 ■German people was insured. 
 
 Even at this stage, though, the German people had not as- 
 sumed that attitude of fawning friendliness that came later, 
 especially in Coblentz, to be mistaken by casual observers for 
 real brotherly feeling, but was never mistaken by the sol- 
 diers for anything except what it actually was. They were 
 still shy, but not arrogant or unwilling to do as they were 
 told. 
 
 The officers put up in a chateau on one of the hills around 
 the town, and so complete were its appointments in every de- 
 tail — even to the well-stocked wine cellar — ^that they resolved 
 to give a big dinner, with General Gatley, the artiUery 
 brigade commander as the guest of honor; Major Gill and 
 other memibers of the Rainbow Division's staff. It would be 
 a good idea, they thought, to have a wild boar, roasted whole,, 
 borne into the dining room on a great platter, so they sent 
 for the burgomaster and told him they wanted a wild boar. 
 
 The burgomaster grew a bit nervous and said that the 
 season for boar had hardly arrived yet, though there were 
 plenty of them in the mountains. He promised to organize 
 a hunt, however, and get the district forester, with his men and. 
 dogs, on the job early next morning and suggested that thfr 
 captain organize a hunting party in the battery to accom- 
 pany the forester with their guns. 
 
 Bright and early next morning the hunting party started, 
 seven trench-mortar men, three Germans and a little beagle- 
 hound without dignity or presence enough to impress a rab- 
 bit, let alone a wild boar. All morning they climbed great 
 mountains, taking "stands" here and there in the forests on 
 their tops; and they saw where the wild boar bathed" 
 and shaved and slept and ate — ^but they saw noth- 
 ing at all of the wild boar. Once, about 50 yards off, thfr 
 
FROM THE AKGONNE TO THE RHINE. 135 
 
 forester saw Mrs. Wild Boar ambling across the path, but be- 
 fore he could unsling his gun and shoot she had disappeared 
 into the woods and nobody saw her again. 
 
 So the hunting party returned empty-handed and the burg- 
 omaster and forester were desolate. But the dinner was given 
 and was a great success, for the burgomaster,at Captain Mc- 
 Cabe's orders, scoured the countrysdde for chickens and 
 rounded up six. Also he rounded up a few dozen precious 
 eggs and when the guests came in egg-nog was served in the 
 great haU downstairs by two pretty German girls ia black 
 dresses and white caps and aprons. It was a memorable 
 party. 
 
 Rumors were spreading then that all trench mortar bat- 
 teries ia the A. E. F. were to be taken from their various 
 divisions and sent home to take up coast artillery duties on 
 their own coasts. And a few weeks after Christmas, which 
 the Maryland men celebrated with a big dinner and a show, 
 they got orders to proceed to St. Nazaire for early departure 
 to the States. 
 
 They were a long time coming home after that, but when 
 they came old Baltimore was waiting for them as happily as 
 though the war had just that minute ended. For the Trench 
 Mortar Battery was old Baltimore's "first to fight." 
 
136 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE. GREAT WAR. * , •' 
 
 Chapter XXI. 
 MARYILAND'S COAST DEFENDERS IN PRANCE. 
 
 On November 11, 1918, in the multitude of General Orders, 
 Special Orders, Bulletins, Memoranda and other miUtary lit- 
 erature that descended in a flood upon the American Expedi- 
 tionary Porees during the first few hours of peace, was this 
 brief not^ properly preceded by headings, addresses, dates 
 and so on : 
 
 "Commanding General, 167th Pield Artillery Bri- 
 gade has reported that the firing of your battalion 
 on counter-battery work had the desired effect each 
 time and he is very grateful for your assistance. 
 By command of Brigadier-G«nera] Howley, 
 S. E. Reinhart, Major, P. A. 
 C. of S. S. A." 
 
 Down in one corner was the note: "Cbpies to Batteries 
 E and P." 
 
 The men for whom the General intended this brief, formal 
 bit of congratulation were all Marylanders, and most of them 
 were Baltimoreans. They had been in the war country longer 
 than any other Maryland combat unit except the One Hun- 
 dred Seventeenth Trench Mortar Battery, yet they had been 
 at the front only about two weeks. Week after week they 
 had fired their guns at practice targets. They had dragged 
 ,heavy eight-inch howitzers all over Prance from Brest through 
 twelve villages, for seven months. Like a band of wandering 
 gypsies they had roamed up and down that part of Europe, 
 waiting and hoping for the "big chance." 
 
 And the piece of paper bearing the message quoted above 
 was their reward — that and the contentment in their own 
 souls. Por them it was reward enough. They had fought 
 and made good. 
 
 They were the men of Batteries E and P, Pifty-eight Regi- 
 ment Coast Artillery, blood brothers of the One Hundred and 
 Seventeenth Trench Mortar Battery, for all three descended 
 
Maryland's coast defenders in fkance. 137 
 
 from the same family tree of Maryland soldiers— the Mary- 
 land National Guard Coast Artillery Battalion. 
 
 Not much was known about them then. Not much was writ- 
 ten about them while the war wias going on. I sent no dis- 
 patches about them ; I could never find them. They were here 
 today and there tomorrow, and the next day they were gone. 
 They were little outfits— only about 250 men in each battery— 
 easily lost in the great Allied shuffle that had spread all the 
 way from Marseilles to Calais and from Vannes to Belfort. 
 Nobody knew whether they were in the fighting or not, or 
 on what part of the front or the training area. 
 
 But they got there on the first of November, and they stayed 
 throughout the last eleven days ; and in the first twelve hours 
 up in the Toul sector, they dumped several tons of high ex- 
 plosive shells, weighing 215 pounds each, on eleven German 
 batteries, one German ammunition train and a German dam, 
 and they threw over a barrage for the infantry. 
 
 And, as Brigadier-General Howley said, it all had "the de- 
 sired effect each time. ' ' So there is another nail in the coffin 
 of Kaiserism, marked "Made in Maryland," that Maryland 
 heretofore didn't know she had made. 
 
 The men of Batteries E and F were of that old Edchmond 
 Market Armory band of soldiers — the soldiers -who, people 
 thought, would stay around Fort Howard throughout the war 
 manning the big guns there and looking out to sea for war- 
 ships flying the German flag. There was comfort in this 
 thought for fathers and mothers who had sons in the new 
 Coast Artillery Battalion, for Fort Howard was close to home, 
 and the area between it and Eoland Park, for instance, had 
 not yet become a submarine zone. 
 
 They flrst began to have doubts about that though, when 
 the War Department picked out 186 of the coast artillerynaien 
 to go with the Rainbow Division as the One Htmdred Seven- 
 teenth Trench Mortar Battery. And when Batteries B and 
 F outgrew Fort Howard and after a spell of guarding Bal- 
 timore piers and docks, emibarked for Penance, the theory 
 went to smash entirely. They sailed from Hoboken on the 
 Leviathan on May 23, 1918. 
 
 They formed the third Maryland unit to land on the other 
 
138 MAKYIiAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAB. 
 
 side. Johns Hopkins Base Hospital Unit, which established 
 the famous "Base No. 18" at Bazoilles, was the first, and 
 the Trench Mortar Battery was second. The Maryland in- 
 fantry units were heard from next aiter the Trench Mortar 
 Battery. Batteries E and F had come in so quietly that 
 nobody had known it. 
 
 Comipiianded by Capt. Rudolph Eitterbusch, who had been 
 in the regular army for 20 years and was on duty with the 
 Maryland National Guard when the War broke out, Battery B' 
 landed at Birest on Decoration Day, just two hours after one 
 of the liveliest submarine battles the Almerican Navy fought 
 dui'ing the war. Battery E was commanded by Capt. Rob- 
 ert Boykin. 
 
 It was variously reported at the time that the German 
 under-sea boats in the fleet that attacked the convoy of Bal- 
 timoreans numbered from 10 to 20. As a matter of fact 
 there were four. Ptrivate Howard Kelly Baker, of Battery 
 F, son of Chaplain E. Cbokman Baker of the Seamen's 
 Bethel, described the fight well in a letter he wrote to his 
 father from Paris. 
 
 "I was up on deck," he said, looking at the long stretch of 
 land which was fast becoming plainer, when — ^BOOM! — ^we 
 heard a loud report from one of our big guns. The con- 
 cussion from) the explosion vibrated through the whole ship. 
 I did not notice anyone on deck (including some Red Cross 
 nurses), who showed any signs of panic wfhen it dawned 
 upon us that we had run into a group of enemy submarines 
 bent upon destroying us. Hardly had the echo of the first 
 report died away when a second report was heard and so on 
 until about six shots were fired. Then followed an interval 
 of several minutes, when all of a sudden several periscopes 
 came to view and the firing started up again. The air was 
 full of powder smoke and the sound of the explosions both 
 from the guns and the bursting of the shells out over the 
 water. I missed seeing the first several periscopes, for I wias 
 on my way around on one side of the ship and the submarines 
 were off our stem. I soon made my way back to the stem, 
 however, but when I reached there everything seemed to 
 have calmed down." 
 
Maryland's coast defenders in feance. 139 
 
 The crowd of artillerymen strained their eyes over the 
 sea trying to make out a periscope, Private Baker wrote, but 
 saw nothing except driftwood and a few small fishing boats. 
 
 "But at last," he continued, "not a half xnile off our 
 stem I noticed that the calm of the sea was disturbed by 
 some fast-moving thing beneath the surface. The disturb- 
 ance of the sea increased and there, in plain view of aH who 
 saw was the top of a periscope moving swiftly through the 
 sea, causing a long, white wake in the foaming waters about 
 it. Almost instantly after its appearance our guns opened 
 fire. I was a little too excited to notice how many shots 
 were fired at it, but I think at least seven. It was wonderful 
 standing there watching the wake of the periscope, the load- 
 ing and firing of the guns and lastly, the projectiles explod- 
 ing all about the wake of the periscope. The periscope dis- 
 appeared imjmediately after the explosion of the fifth or 
 sixth shot and never appeared again." 
 
 The batteries marched through the streets of Brest on Dec- 
 oration Day on their way to a camp about five miles outside 
 of the city. "Yanks" were still a novelty in France then 
 and children streamed along the streets beside the battery, 
 shouting the new English words they had learned. ' ' Give me 
 seegaret" and "Give me penny!" There were few men in 
 the streets, except very old ones — ^few people at all but 
 women and children. 
 
 Until June 6 the battery stayed near Brest, then started 
 on the peregrinations that carried it into more than a score 
 of villages before it prepared to embark for home. It 
 reached Ambazac on June 7 and stayed until June 21. From 
 then until June 27 it was in Limoges; then it went back to 
 Ambazac again and stayed until August 14. 
 
 In the meantime the Fourth of July came. They had a 
 big time that day in Ambazac. The two outfits had a ball- 
 game which Battery F won 13 to 4. The Regimental band 
 played all afternoon. 
 
 In the morning the Mayor of Ambazac made a speech to 
 the battery men. He spoke in French, but an interpreter 
 appeared in the person of M. Quinter, a former Baltimorean, 
 a member of the old Fifth Maryland Infantry, the possessor 
 of a gold medal awarded him for saving another Fifth Regi- 
 
140 MAKYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 ment man from drowning at Cape May, N. J., during an 
 encampment — a general, all-round connecting link with the 
 old home town. He was the idol of Batteries E and F while 
 they stayed in Amlbazao, and a genuine Franco- American god- 
 father to both outfits. 
 
 "They, above all," said M. Quinter, expressing for the 
 Mayor the sentiments of the people of Ambazac, "wish me 
 to impress upon you their infinite gratitude for the power- 
 ful help you offer to their mother country at so tragic an 
 hour and with your lives and your immense material re- 
 sources, bringing nearer therewith the end of its miseries 
 and the avenging of its dead. 
 
 ' ' They admire in your action the generous glow of a great, 
 noble free nation, greedy of justice, rushing to the rescue of 
 humanity of Civilization, of Liberty most dearly paid for 
 and now in serious danger of perishing. 
 
 ' ' The landing with so elevated an object of soldiers of the 
 mother country of Washington, of Franklin, of Lincoln and 
 of so many others of the greatest, makes all true French 
 hearts enthusiastically rejoice. 
 
 "Be a thousand times welcomed in this land and be for- 
 ever blessed." 
 
 And a great deal more, all in the Mgh-sounding phrase- 
 ology that all French orators use ; and concluding with a call 
 for "three cheers for President "Wilson, highest incarnation 
 of your mother country, and for the soldiers who represent 
 it to us so worthy!" 
 
 From then until November 1, life was just one hike after 
 another for Batteries E and F, with now and then a bit of 
 luxury thrown in by way of a ride in box cars. All summer 
 long they roamed France. On August 14 they started from 
 Ambazac to Sit. Leonard; on August 15 they went to La 
 Courtine ; on September 6 they got up to Villiers-sur-Mame, 
 nearer the fighting front than they had been since they ar- 
 rived in France, and they were a part of the First American 
 Army when Pershing's men launched their first great attack 
 against the St. Mihiel salient, though they took no part in 
 the drive, being attached to the Seventh Division. 
 
 They took to making "little Baltimores" out of the towns 
 
MAEYLANd's coast defenders in FRANCE. 141 
 
 they lived in. They always changed the names of the streets 
 to Baltimore street, and Howard street and Charles and Lex- 
 ington streets, and once they named the tiny railway station 
 "Mount Royal." Ab one of the men said, "If it had about 
 five more stories and a tower and a park it would look al- 
 most like Mount Royal station." 
 
 During this period of training and travelling Captain 
 Ritterbusch was transferred from command of the battery 
 to a place on the staff of the regiment, and Captain J. C. 
 Hawkins, a West Pointer, took his place. 
 
 Four more cities the heavy-gun men from Baltimore lived 
 in, before the orders finally came taking them into the fight- 
 ing. They went to Vignory for one day, October 23 to 24, 
 passed through the city of Toul on October 25 ; Liverdun on 
 October 27 and 28, and from the 29th to the 31st they were 
 in and around Griscourt. On November 1 they reached 
 JazenviUe on the Moselle river in a forest about 20 kilometers 
 from the city. There they unlimbered for action. 
 
 And there they were when it was all over, plumping over 
 their 215-pound "pigs" on the German batteries and rear 
 areas around MJetz. One of their targets was in a stone-quarry, 
 a difficult place to get at. But they got at it and cut more 
 stone there for Grerman graveyards in five minutes than a 
 whole army of German stone-cutters could have cut in five 
 months. Witness General Howley's thanks and congratula- 
 tions. 
 
 That is the story of Batteries E and F of the old Mary- 
 land National G'uard — ^two outfits from the home State who 
 waited and worked and fumed impatiently and impotently at 
 delays even as the light artillery outfit from Maryland ; and 
 then, being a bit luckier, finally got into the scrap before the 
 running Germans got beyond their long reach. It has to be 
 rather sketchy because they were shunted around France so 
 much and got up to the front so late. Correspondents, hav- 
 ing queer ideas about news, spent their time trying to find 
 out what was happening to the men who had been fighting in 
 the Argonne for many weeks, and a couple of batteries of 
 "heavies" that came late into the fight did not (unfortunately 
 for the peace of mind of the batteries' folks back home), get 
 much attention. 
 
142 MARYLAND FIGHTEES IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 But they were up there and fighting and, if nobody else 
 knew it, the Germans did, and General Pershing did, which, 
 after all, is all that really mattered at the time. 
 
 The men of the batteries knew that General Pershing 
 knew, for he came down to Bordeaux where they were wait- 
 ing to go home, and told them so himself. It was at Bassens, 
 a big camp outside of Bordeaux like Pontanezen outside of 
 Brest, on February 27, 1919, just after an inspection. The 
 Commander-in-chief called all the ofScers and sergeants of 
 the Fifty-eighth around him and said : 
 
 "I cannot let this command go home without saying a few 
 words. I appreciate what you have done, for you have done 
 it well. Your services at the front were very satisfactory, and 
 the people at home are entitled to know that you were a 
 unit in the greatest military machine in the world. It is an 
 honor to have been a member of the American Expeditionary 
 Forces, and units not so fortunate as you in getting to the 
 front are nevertheless a part of this great machine. Your 
 work and the work of the entire A. E. F. was not only 
 routine — ^the machine depended on each man to do his best, 
 and I certainly appreciate yout splendid work. 
 
 "I want this command to go home morally sound, and in 
 good physical condition. 
 
 ' ' Please convey to the men what I just said, as it is almost 
 impossible for me to speak to them all." 
 
 Not every outfit in France had a personal talk like this 
 from General Pershing. The battery men were very proud 
 of that February day. 
 
 They had come to Bordeaux after resuming their travels 
 when they left the line on November 21, taking in on the 
 way the towns of Bruley, Pagny-sur-Meuse, Hondelaincourt, 
 Lescheres, Vignory, Tours, Rouvroy and Vignonet. And in 
 May, 1919, they came home, defenders of Maryland's coasts, 
 having carried the coast-line across the Atlantic to join it 
 with the coast-line of civilization in the woods and hills of 
 France. 
 
143 
 
 Chapter XXII. 
 WE COME TO THE END OP THE STORY. 
 
 And now, having seen wliat the big organizations of Mary- 
 land soldiers did in France — ^the organizations that were "all 
 Maryland" in their make-up except for the "replacements" 
 that came in to fill the gaps of battle — ^we come to organiza- 
 tions into which Maryland men went either through choice 
 or because they were ordered there in groups to fill up the 
 rosters, or because, when the organizations were formed there 
 were not enough Marylanders available to make them com- 
 plete. 
 
 In the first sort were included virtually every division and 
 every corps and army headquarters, and every base port 
 and every supply, transportation and executive office in the 
 American Expeditionary Force. Maryland men were in all 
 of them. One found them all over France, in Marseilles, in 
 Bordeaux, in Brest, and St. Nazaire, which were all base ports. 
 One found them in Tours, headquarters of the Service of 
 Supply, and in Dijon and Is-sur-tille, great regulating sta- 
 tions — ^warehouse cities always filled with food, clothes, arms 
 and ammunition for the American fighters. Many of them 
 were in Paris in quartermasters' offices or with the Motor 
 Transport Corps, or the Assistant Provost Marshal. 
 
 They operated railroad trains, piloted aeroplanes, drove 
 trucks, unloaded ships, arrested stragglers, kept records and 
 accounts, issued supplies, repaired shoes, put up buildings, 
 dug ditches, cooked grub, washed dishes. Sometimes you 
 could find but one Maryland man in a group of several hun- 
 dred, but he always knew where there was another, though 
 the place might be ten miles away. If you could find Cor- 
 poral Joe Smith, of Easton, you could always find Private 
 John Brown, of Frederick, for though Smith might never have 
 heard of Brown back home he had discovered him over in 
 France. 
 
 Marylanders flying in the air saw Marylanders below them 
 struggling against the German resistance in the woods and 
 
144 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 fields. Lieut. Alex G-rier, an artillery aerial observer from 
 Salisbury, looked down every day from his seat in a plane 
 upon his old comrades of the 115th Infantry fighting the 
 enemy out of the Consenvoye and Montague Woods. 
 
 Packets of Baltimore and Eastern Shore newspapers used 
 to come hurtling down on the Maryland doughboys up there. 
 At first they suspected a new sort of German bomb and a new 
 display of the jwwer of the German intelligence section whidi, 
 they thought, might have discovered the very names of the 
 newspapers the American soldiers opposite them wanted to 
 read. But when the papers dropped every day they sus- 
 pected something else — that a Maryland bird-man was flying 
 over thdr lines. This suspicion was right. It was Grier, of 
 Salisbury. 
 
 * w * * * * 
 
 Maryland men fought on every front in France and on the 
 Italian front. Prom Mons to Sedan — from "Johnnie" Poe 
 to Henry Gunther, they fought and died. 
 
 They were in the First Division when it took Cantigny in 
 the spring of 1918. Major Redmond Stewart was Judge Ad- 
 vocate of that Division, and there were Maryland doughboys 
 in it. "When the Marines and the Infantry of the Second 
 Division stopped the Germans on the Chateau-Thierry-Paris 
 Road in June, and drove them out of Belleau "Wood later, 
 Marylandera were there. "When the Eightieth Division fought 
 in the Argonne in September, Maryland officers commanded 
 most of the companies and battalions. Major German H. H. 
 Emory's grave is on French soil the Eightieth wrested from 
 the Germans. Lieut. Poultney Gorter was with Major "Whit- 
 tlesey, of the "Lost Battalion" of the Seventy-seventh in the 
 Argoime when the Major told the Germans to "go to heU." 
 Lieut. Daniel "Willard, Jr., fought at Dead Man's Curve with 
 the Twenty-sixth Division when the Germans launched their 
 raid at Seicheprey. And so it went. 
 
 Not a battle America fought in the war was fought with- 
 out Maryland men. Not a bit of backing came up from the 
 S. 0. S. that had no Maryland men behind it. 
 
 In the second sort were included the men of old Troop A, 
 Maryland's National Goiard cavalry troop, and some of the 
 
WE COME TO THE END OF THE STORY. 145 
 
 men of the old Fourth Infantry that was commanded by 
 CJolonel Harry C. Jones, later commander of the 113th In- 
 fantry and still later a regimental commander in the Eigh- 
 tieth Division. 
 
 The Fourth was the most completely split-up regiment of 
 the old Maryland outfits. Only a few of its men went into 
 the 115th Infantry. Many went to the 110th Field Artillery 
 Kegiment. More went to the 104th Ammunition Train and 
 the 104th Supply Train, keeping the trucks going back and 
 forth between the lines and the supply bases by day and by 
 night, along roads that were seldom better than quagmires 
 and nearly always under shell fire. 
 
 Troop A started out in the military police organization of 
 the Blue and Gray Division. In the course of discharging 
 their duty as enforcers of General Morton's discipline, they 
 became the model soldiers of the Division. Before the Twen- 
 ty-ninth went to France they and the Essex Troopers from 
 New Jersey who served with them in the military police out- 
 fit, had to change their hatcords from yellow to blue. But 
 though they thus lost the distinguishing mark of their branch 
 of the service, old Troop A never lost the "spirit of the 
 cavalry," which, all cavalrymen will always swear on any 
 stack of Bibles, is the deepest and sineerest spirit in any 
 army. 
 
 They had horses in France for a time, even after the Blue 
 and Gray went into the front line in the Alsace sector, but 
 before the division moved up toward the Argonne drive the 
 horses were taken away. And while the Blue and Gray was 
 in army reserve around Bar-le-due late in September, old 
 Troop A was dealt the blow that broke it into almost as many 
 pieces as there were men in the troop. The same thing that 
 took Brigadier-Greneral Harry H. Bandholtz away from the 
 Fifty-eighth (Maryland-Virginia) Brigade, took Troop A 
 away from the Blue and Gray Division. It was the reorgan- 
 ization of the entire military police system of the American 
 Expeditionary Force. 
 
 Under the new system each division had its own military 
 police company, and a few of the Troop A men stayed with 
 the Blue and Gray's company. But the majority of them 
 
146 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 went, and shortly thereafter one could have found a Troop A 
 man wherever the shadow of the American Expeditionary 
 Force feU in Europe — HoUand, England, Italy, France or 
 Germany. 
 
 Of the third sort of organizations that were not "all- 
 Maryland," the largest were two of the machine-gun hat- 
 talions of the Blue and Gray Division, the 112th and the 
 110th. Almost two-thirds of the men in the 112th were Mary- 
 land men from the old First National Guard Regiment. This 
 battalion was a part of the Fifty-eighth Brigade and subject 
 to the orders of the brigade commander. Under Major David 
 J. Markey, of Frederick (later Lieutenant-Colonel), it sup- 
 ported the Maryland and Virginia infantry in their fights in 
 Alsace and in the wooded heights of the Meuse River. Without 
 their accurate fire and their fearless advances with the in- 
 fantry in the face of fire from the German machine-guns, the 
 Fifty-eighth Brigade would not have made the great record 
 it did. 
 
 The 110th, known as the Divisional Machine-gun Battalion 
 because it operated under orders from Division Headquarters 
 and might be sent to bolster up any part of the whole divi- 
 sional line, had a number of old Fourth Maryland men in it, 
 and one whole company was the machine-gun company of the 
 old "Dandy Fifth," commanded by Capt. Joseph Davidson. 
 Captain Davidson became a major at Camp MeCleUan and 
 took command of the battalion for a while, but while in 
 France he was sent to London to become Assistant Provost 
 Marshal of the A. E. F. there. 
 
 Maryland men in the 110th, many of them from Loyola 
 College, fought under Major Framk Jones and Capt. Lee 
 Turner. They were in the front line at MoUeville Farm, 
 Richene Hill, and in the Bois de Consenvoye and the Bois 
 de la Grande Montague, and it was largely because their fire 
 made the German positions too hot to hold that the Blue and 
 Gray infantry were able to break the enemy's "Invincible 
 Verdun Line." 
 
 And then there were the 113th Field Hospital Company 
 and the 113th Ambulance Company of the 104th Sanitary 
 Train of the Blue and Gray Division. These were Maryland's 
 
WE COME TO THE END OF THE STORY. 147 
 
 National Guard medical troops— the stretcher-bearers, ambu- 
 lance drivers and first-aid men who roamed the battle-fields 
 picking up the wounded, driving their ambulances along shell- 
 swept roads and working without food or rest even as the 
 doughboys, to save the dying. 
 
 The 113th Field Hospital was commanded by Major Harry 
 Mitchell, of Elkton. In the Alsace sector it took over a 
 French hospital at Romagny and its principal work was hand- 
 ling gas patients. To Bomagny came blinded Maryland sol- 
 diers, their eyes swoUen shut and red with mustard gas, and 
 choking to death with phosgene. During the big gas attack 
 there early in September, 300 blinded, choking soldiers were 
 rushed to the Maryland Field Hospital in 18 hours. 
 
 The Maryland Ambulance Company, under Captain Frank- 
 lin B. Anderson, had a. tremendous task during the first days 
 of the fighting on the Meuse Eiver. The Germans had blocked 
 the highways with the ruins of the villages of Brabant and 
 Samogneux and had blown deep mine craters in the roads. 
 Under little bridges they had planted minra. During the 
 whole of October 8, no ambulances could get within two 
 and a half miles of the advancing lines. The wounded had 
 to be carried back on stretchers to the dresmng-station which 
 was two miles from the woods where the fighting was. 
 
 During the whole 21 days of fighting the 104th Sanitary 
 Train of the Blue and Gray, commanded by Major J. Harry 
 Ullrich, of Baltimore, and of which the Maryland Ambulance 
 and Field Hospital Companies were a part, handled 6,661 
 casualties and evacuated them — ^that is, gave them quick 
 first-aid treatment and sent them back to larger hospitals. 
 
 Later, Major Mitchell becamje a Lieutenant-Oolonel and he 
 and Major Fred Vinup, as Director of Ambulances, brought 
 the 104th Sanitary Train homie. 
 
 • # • • • • 
 
 Thus we come to the end of the story of what Maryland 
 did in the Great War — ^Maryland fighting men. For this pre- 
 tends to be nothing but a story of the fighters — ^a poor enough 
 story, too, but justified in its shortcomings by the justification 
 that all mere story-teUers of the war must use for generations 
 
148 MAKYIiAND FIGHTEKS IN THE GKEAT WAB. 
 
 to come: that no words in any language can ever tell the 
 story but poorly. 
 
 Maryland did many other things in the war. She poured 
 out her money, she supported the government's every move 
 with her whole heart. But the greatest thing she did was send 
 her fighting men. In no line of the records of any of them 
 is there a word for which Maryland can feel anght but the 
 deepest pride as long as the name "Maryland" lives in the 
 annals of glorious American history. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
APPENDIX. ' 151 
 
 SOME STATISTICS ON THE 115TH INFANTRY. 
 OF THE BLUE AND GRAY DIVISION. 
 
 About 1,500 prisoners were captured by the One Hun- 
 dred and Fif teentb Infantry Regiment in the attack north 
 of Verdun, beginning October 8, 1918. 
 
 The following German and Austrian material and am- 
 munition was captured by the same regiment in the same 
 operation : 
 
 One German TT-millimeter gun. 
 One Austrian "88." 
 One Austrian "105." • 
 One Austrian "150." 
 Two Minenwerfer. 
 Two Granatenwerfer. 
 800 Austrian and German rifles. 
 200 automatic pistols. 
 One scissors telescope. 
 One Radio outfit with bicycle generator. 
 Sixty heavy machine-guns. 
 Twenty Lewis machine-guns. 
 Two anti-tank rifles. 
 
 Two engineer dumps completely stocked with engineering material. 
 2,600 rounds of light and heavy artillery ammunition. 
 500 rounds of machine-gun and rifle ammunition. 
 
 THE MEDAL OF HONOR. 
 
 The following members of the One Hundred Fifteenth 
 
 were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor, the highest 
 
 decoration the United States bestows upon its soldiers: 
 
 Second Lieulbenant Patrick Regan— Company H. 
 Private Henry G. Costin— Company H (deceased). 
 
 THE DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS. 
 Following is a list of officers and men of the One Hun- 
 dred Fifteenth who were awarded Distinguished Service 
 Crosses or Croix de Guerres for valor in action: 
 
 Caiirtain Louis Diener — Sanitary Detachment. 
 
 First Lieutenant Artie E. Bolton— 'Company G. 
 
 First Lieutenant James B. Boyle. 
 
 First Lieutenant Frederick W. Ecker— 'Company F. 
 
 First Lieutenant Robert S. Landstreet— Company H. 
 
 First Lieutenant William P. Lewis. 
 
 First Lieutenant Merrill Rosenfeld^Company G (deceased).. 
 
 First Lieutenant CJhandler Sprague— Ompany K. 
 
 First Lieutenant Harry L. Webb— Company B (deceased) . 
 
 Lieutenant Leslie J. Johes — Company A (deceased). 
 
152 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 / • 
 
 iSergeant Rajrmond F. Banahan — Company L. 
 
 Sergeant Joshua D. Brown — Company B. 
 
 Sergeant Hugh C. Carter — Medical Department. 
 a Sergeant Harry C. Clark — Company G. 
 
 r Sergeant Joihn H. E. Hoppe. 
 
 Sergeant Carl Horseman — Company C. 
 
 Sergeant Robert L. Hunter — ^Company A. 
 -•; Sergeant Howard E. Madsen — ^Company D. 
 », Sergeant Joseph F. Mannion — ^Company C. 
 
 Sergeant Hugh P. McGainey — Company H. 
 
 Sergeant Nisei Eafalsky — Medical Department. 
 
 Sergeant William M. Rice — ^Company E. 
 
 Sergeant John W. Saxon — Company K. 
 
 Sergeant Harold D. Smith — (Company C. 
 
 Sergeant John E. West — Company F. 
 
 Sergeant Edward R. White — Company I. 
 
 ■Corporal John W. Ayers — Company C. 
 
 Corporal James J. Byme — Company D. 
 
 Corporal Pietro De Berardinis — ^Company H. 
 
 Corporal Clarence L. A. Dunsing — 'Company A. 
 
 Corporal John E. Ferguson — Company H. 
 
 Corporal Leonard A. Renshaw — iCompany I. 
 
 Corporal Joseph E. Ttennyson — 'Company B (deceased). 
 
 First Class Private Rufus M. Coleman — Company B. 
 
 First Class Private Ben Van Gunday — ^Company F. 
 
 First Class Privafte Leroy Jones — Company E. 
 
 First Class Private Howard H. Morrow — Company F. 
 
 First Class Private Eugene F. Saunders — Company P. 
 
 First Class Private Phillip E. Smith — Company B. 
 
 First Class Private Warren C. Stewart— Medical Dept. 
 
 First Class Private Thomas F. Streb — Company H. 
 
 First Cla;ss Private John Walters — Company K. 
 
 First Class Private Andy Youngbar — Company K. 
 
 Private John L. Biiser — Company B (deceased) . 
 
 Private Putney Oostin — ^Company H (deceased) . 
 
 Private Bradford Ferry — ^Company E. 
 
 Private Frank Fleischman — ^Company K (deceased) . 
 
 Private Harry B. Insley — Company C. 
 
 Private James R. Miller — Company C. 
 
 Private William M. Murphy — Company H (deceased). 
 
 Private Thomas H. Smith — ^Company C. 
 
 Private Ralph L. Whitney — Company C. 
 
 Private Joseph P. Woodville — Ckmipany B. 
 
 Mechanic Russell C. Smith — Company B. 
 
 THE CROIX DE GUERRE. 
 
 Colonel Milton A. Reckord. 
 Major E. Brooke Lee. 
 Captain Frank C. Mellon. 
 First Lieutenant Daniel O'Connell. 
 Sergeant Raymond Banahan — Company L. 
 Sergeant Joshua D. Brown — (Dompany B. 
 ;Siergeant Samuel CadeU — Company K. 
 Sergeant William E. Holmes — Company L. 
 Sergeant John H. E. Hop^e — Company K. 
 Sergeant Richard Loesdiki — 'Company K. 
 Sergeant Hugh P. McGainey — Company H. 
 Private Ben Van Gunday — iComi>any F. 
 Private Harry B. Insley — Company C. 
 
APPENDIX. 153 
 
 First Class Private Phillip E. Smith — Company B. 
 First Class Private John Walter — Company K. 
 Privat^ James R. Miller — Company C. 
 Private Daniel E. Turner — Company L. 
 Private Ralph N. Whitney — ^Company C. 
 Private Andy Youngibar — Company K. 
 
 BELGIAN DECORATION. 
 
 Major E. Brooke Lee. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Daniel O'Connell. 
 
 DIVISIONAL CITATION. 
 
 Capitain Herbert L. Grymes, Captain E. Brooke Lee, Captain 
 Philip C Mclntyre, Captain Harry C. Ruhl, First Lieutenant Paul 
 
 E. Marsh, First Lieutenant Eiehard D. Ransome, First Lieutenant 
 
 F. Lester Smith, First Lieutenant Charles M. Saxelby, First Lieu- 
 t^■nant Chandler Sprague, First Lieutenant John E, Thedrault, 
 Second Lieutenant Daniel O'Connell, .Second Lieutenant J. Spence 
 Phelps; Band Leader Leonard A. Plant, Headquarters Company; 
 First Sergeant Charles W. Bailey, Company D; First Sergeant 
 Howard W. Forester, Company A; First Sergeant Hugh L. Had- 
 dick. Company C; Mess Sergeant William W. Lewis, Company K; 
 Sergeant Fred Bielaski, Machine-gun Company; Sergeant Jesse 
 M. Bradley, Company C; Sergeant Samuel Cadell, Company K; 
 Sergeant Percy Dashdell, Company I; .Sergeant Fred. (Jerk, Com- 
 pany L; Sergeant John H. E. Hoppe, Comipany K; Sergeant Wil- 
 liam E. Holmes; Sergeant Edchard Loesahki, Company K; Sergeant 
 Frank B. Lambi, Company E; Sergeant Leo C. McKenzie, Com- 
 pany G; Sergeant Marion D. Smith, Machine-gun Company; Ser- 
 geant John W. Saxon, Company K; Sergeant John H. Shanaban, 
 Company D; Sergeant Arthur Sabin, Machine-gun Company; Ser- 
 geant Henry McP. Tongue, Machine-gun Company; Corporal How- 
 ard A. King, Company H; Jeffrey B. Quante, Company F; Cor- 
 poral Euelle Redmiles, Company F; Corporal John Raymond, 
 Company E; Corporal Wyatte Smith, Comi)any F; Corporal Clyde 
 M. Tennyson, Company A; Wagoner J. Carey, Supply Company; 
 Cook Frank Gore, Company C ; Bugler WiUiaan T. Kreh, Company 
 A; Bugler James Watts, Company C; Mechanic George L. Mason, 
 Company A; Firsit Class Private Charles A. Beehtold, Sanitary 
 Dei>ot. 
 
 First Class Private J. Davey, Medical Department; First Class 
 Private George A. Gipe, Jr., Company I; First Class Private 
 Michael Muchan, Maohine-gun Company; First Class Private 
 William A. McKenzie, Sanitary Department; First Class Private 
 Andy Youngbar, Company K; First Class Private Paul Zetak, 
 Company F; Private Charles Edw. Brown, Oompany D; Private 
 WilMam E. Delss, Company H; Private William C. Davern, Com- 
 pany E; Private Frank F. Fleisohmann, Company K; Private 
 Joseph L. Getzel, Company H; Private Walter G. Grubb, Cranpany 
 D; Private Archie H. Heim, Company A; Private Archie A. Mar- 
 tin, Company I; Private John Nowedski, Company H; Private 
 Osborne A. Peter, Company H; Private Charles A. Reasdn, Com- 
 pany D; Private Burkhardt, Jr., Company H; Private John L. 
 Steams, Oomjmny D; Private Joseph M. Shuttleworfch, Company A; 
 Private Adam Skopeck, Company H; Private Louis Sindler, Com- 
 pany H; Private David W. Turner, Company I; Private Reginald 
 WaM, Company H; Captain John R. Kaiser, Captain Thompson 
 A. Lyon and Sergeant Oliver L. Bond, Company B; Sergeant 
 Laban Baker, Company C; Sergeant Forest L. Cathey, Company 
 
154 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 B; Sergeant Howard E. Coppersmith, Company C; Sergant John 
 C. Magin, Company €; Sergeant JennSrags B. Ossenitoo, Company 
 D; Sergeant Emmet L. Randolph, Company D; Sergeant Thomaa 
 J. Rouaie, Company D; Sergeant O. L. Tucker, Company A; Ser- 
 genat William F. Woodward, Company B; Corporal John R. 
 Barry, Company A; Corporal David T. Drake, Company D; Cor- 
 poral Herman T. Ortman, Company A; Saddler George T. Hill, 
 Company D; Wagoner John C. Bolker, Headquarters Comjiany; 
 Wagonei? John W. Cawley, Headquarters Company; Waggoner Wil- 
 liam Foraker, Headquarters Company; Co<^ Vasadas Grites, Com- 
 pany B; Private Everett M. Barrett, Company B; Private Wflbur 
 T. Brownly, Company B; Private Howard H. Ferrall, Company A; 
 Private Webster D. Halstead, Comijany B; Private Pearl C. 
 Laughrey, Company B; Private Arnold Peterson, Company B; Pri- 
 vate George F. Rowe, Company B; Private Paul T. Semones, Com- 
 pany €; Corporal Emil Reese, First Class Private Donald C. 
 Greason, First Glass Private Mitchell F. Lloyd and First Class 
 Private Elwood E. Waller, Jr. 
 
 ORIGINAL OFFICERS OF 115th ON OCTOBER 1, 1917. 
 Col. Chaeles A. Little, Commanding. 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Milton A. Reckord. 
 
 First Battalion. 
 
 Major Henry S. Barrett, commanding; First Lieutenant Harry 
 C. Gaffney, adjutant. 
 
 Company A — ^Captain, Elmer E. Munshower; first lieutenants, 
 Paul Marsh, Foster B. Davis and Milton E. Mackall; second lieu- 
 tenants, Frederick L. Smith and Philip K. Moisan. 
 
 Company B — 'Captain, Winfield B. Harward; first lieutenants, 
 Harry L. Hagan, John H. Truett (one vacancy) ; second lieu- 
 tenants, James H. Bowers, Henry C. Stanwood. 
 
 Company C — Captain, Theodore L. Beers; first lieutenants, J. S. 
 Phelps, Charles M. Saxelby, William A. Twamley; second lieu- 
 tenants, Emerson C. Harrington, Jr., Donald Wilson. 
 
 Company D — Captain, Herbert L. Grymes; first lieutenants, 
 Harry C. Webb, George R. Eiler, Joseph A. Ayers; second lieu- 
 tenants, William P. Kennedy, Arthur T. Kreh. 
 
 Second Battalion. 
 
 Major Frank A. Hancock, commanding; First Lieutenant Ed- 
 ward McK. Johnson, adjutant. 
 
 Company E — Captain, Harry C. Ruhl; first lieutenants, Millard 
 E. TydingB, Richard M. Lambert, Hugh McCoy; second lieutenants, 
 C. Otis MoCauley, Herbert A. Pajrne. 
 
 Company F — 'Captain, Ralph Hutching; first lieutenants, Philip 
 Mclntyre, Walter Katzenberger, Harry C. Butler; second lieu- 
 tenants, Nathan R. Warthen, William B. Wylie. 
 
 Company G — Captain, Henry F. Robb; first lieutenants, George 
 Henderson, Leslie H. Berryman (one vacancy) ; second lieutenants, 
 William P. Lewis, Thomas P. Troxell. 
 
 Company H — Captain, Walter E. Black; first lieutenants, Frank 
 C. Mellon, C. F. Edison, Cifton A. Pritchett; second lieutenants, 
 Thomas K. Rolberts, Robert Fusselbaugh, Jr. 
 
APPENDIX. 155 
 
 Third Battalion, 
 
 Major Charles B. Finley, Jr., commanding; First Lieutenant 
 Harlan Johnson, adjutant. 
 
 Company I— Captain, Amos W. W. Woodcock; first lieutenants, 
 William D. Carey, Frank A. Heywood, Jr., and W. Warren Search, 
 Jr.; second lieutenants, Alexander T. Grier and Robert S. Land- 
 street. 
 
 Company K-^aptain, E. Brooke Lee; first lieutenants, E. Car- 
 roll Cissel and James B. Boyle (one vacancy) ; second lieutenants, 
 Frank L. Hewitt and Merwin E. Lilley. 
 
 Company L — Captain, J<din H. Wagner; first lieutenants, Carl 
 Ward, Boyd W. Perkins, Richard W. Laws; second lieutenants, 
 Richard L. Feam, Jr., Harry Oehrl. 
 
 Company M — Captain, James G. Knight; first lieutenants, Oscar 
 V. Dawes, Samuel A. Merritt, John D. Wade; second lieutenants, 
 Andreas Z. Holley, WilliMn S. Adams. 
 
 Headquarters Company. 
 
 Captain, William P. Lane; regimental adjutant. Captain Thorn- 
 ton Rogers; first lieutenants, Gaylord L. Clark, Charles N. Mat- 
 thews; second lieutenants, Edward MeColgan, John H. Wiederman, 
 Joseph J. Philbin. 
 
 Supply Company. 
 
 Captain, Charles E. Myers; first lieutenant, Bruce Aldrich. 
 
 Machine-gun Company. 
 
 Captain, Carey Jarman; first lieutenants, Leslie L. Klakring, 
 Bernard J. Wiegard; second lieutenants, Guy C. Parlette, C W. 
 Zenker, John M. Weir. 
 
 OFFICERS OF 115th IN MARCH, 1919, WAITING IN 
 FRESNES, FRANCE, TO RETURN HOME. 
 
 Colonel Milton A. Reckokd. 
 Lieutenant-Colonel David J. Market. 
 Adjutant. Captain George Henderson. 
 
 First Battalion. 
 
 Major Thomas McNicholas, commanding. 
 
 Company A— jCairtain, Elmer A. Munshower; first lieutenants, 
 Paul A. Marsh, Foster B. Davis, Lester F. Smitii. 
 
 ■Company B— Captain, Winfield B. Harward; first lieutenants, 
 Joseph A. Ayers, Charles M. Saxelby. 
 
 Company C — Captain, Philip K. Moisan. 
 
 Company D — Captain, Herbert L. Grymes; first lieutenant, Wil- 
 liam P. Kennedy. 
 
 Second Battalion. 
 
 Major E. Brooke Lee, commanding. 
 
 Company E— -Captain, Harry C. Ruhl; first lieutenants, James 
 P. Smith. C. Otis MoCauley, Richard M. Lambert. 
 
 Company P — Captain, Philip C. Mclntyre. 
 
 Company G — Captain, Thomas G. Wade (not a Marylander). 
 
 Cknnpany H — iCaptain, Henry F. Mellon ; first lieutenants, Hugh 
 McCJoy, Robert S. Landstreet, D. S. C. 
 
156 MABTLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Third Battalion. 
 
 Major Amos W. W. Woodcock, commanding. 
 
 Company I — Captain Drake (not a Marylander). 
 
 Company K — ^Captain, Raymond F. Shannon (not a Mary- 
 lander). 
 
 Company L — ^Captain, Harry Wagner; first lieutenant, Robert Pua- 
 selbaugh.' 
 
 Company M — Captain, Harry C. Butler. 
 
 Supply Company. 
 Captain, Frank M. Hewitt; first lieutenant, Francis C. Bowersox. 
 
 Headqtiarters Company. 
 
 Captain, Gaylord Clark; first lieutenants, William A. Twamley, 
 Robert F. Barrick. 
 
 Machine-gun Company. 
 
 Captain, Carey Jarman; first lieutenant, John M. Weir; second 
 lieutenants, Charles W. Zenker, Claire F. Cassell. 
 
 Medical Detachment. 
 
 Captains, Caldwell Woodruff, Roscoe Hannigan; first lieutenant, 
 Daniel Bratton. 
 
 Chaplains. 
 
 Frederick C. Reynolds, William F. McLaughlin. 
 
 Regimental Staff. 
 
 Captain Thornton Rogers, operations ofiicer; Captain Harlan 
 Johnson, statistical adjutant; Lieutenant Herbert A. Payne, acting 
 regimental adjutant; Captain Edward Johnston, intelligence officer; 
 Lieutenant Harry A. Hagan, ammunition ofiicer; Lieutenant Wal- 
 lace S. Moore, liaison officer. 
 
 CHANGES AMONG OFFICERS OF 115th DURING 18 
 MONTHS OF ACTIVE SERVICE. 
 
 Colonel Charles A. Little, honorably discharged. 
 
 Major Henry F. Barrett, sent home as instructor. 
 
 Major Charles B. Finley, promoted to Colonel after serving as 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel in Division Headquarters. 
 Captain Ralph Hutchins, promoted to Major and transferred to 
 
 One Hundred and Fourteenth Infantry. 
 Captain William P. Lane, Jr., promoted to Major and Assistant 
 
 Adjutant, Twenty-ninth Division. 
 Captain James G. Knight, promoted to Major, returned home as 
 
 instructor. 
 Captain Walter Black, returned home and promoted to Major. 
 Lieutenant Clifton A. Pritcihett, promoted to Captain and Assistant 
 
 to Division Adjutant. 
 Lieutenant William B. Wylie, promoted to Captain, then to Major, 
 
 Fifth Corps Headquarters. 
 Lieutenant Bernard J. Wiegard, promoted to Captain, transferred 
 
 to One Hundred and Thirteenth Infantry. 
 Lieutenant Thompson A. Lyon, promoted to Captain, transferred to 
 
 One Hundred and Twelfth Machine-gun Battalion. 
 
APPENDIX. 157 
 
 Lieutenant C. Newton Matthews, transferred to One Hundred and 
 Thirteenth Infantry. 
 
 Lieutenant John C. Lane, promoted to, Captain, Division Head- 
 quarters Troop, then to Balloon Replacement Company, Air 
 Service. 
 
 Lieutenant Boyd W. Perkins, transferred to Service of Supplies, 
 American Expeditionary Force. 
 
 Lieutenant Henry C. Stanwood, sent to StaflF Officers' School, Lan- 
 gres, France. 
 
 Lieutenant John H. Truett, "wounded in action. 
 
 Second Lieutenant James H. Bowers, promoted to First Lieutenant 
 and returned home. 
 
 Lieutenant J. Spence Phelps, wounded in action, returned home. 
 
 Lieutenant Donald Wilson, transferred to Air Service. 
 
 Lieutenant Emerson C. Harrington, transferred at Camp MeClellan 
 to another division. 
 
 Lieutenant W. Warren Search, Jr., assistant to Gl, Division Head- 
 quarters. 
 
 Lieutenant Arthur T. Kreh, Supply Officer, One Hundred and 
 Twelfth Machine-gun Battalion. 
 
 Lieutenant Harry L. Webb, killed in action. 
 
 Lieutenant <3eorge R. Erler, promoted to Captain, returned home. 
 
 Lieutenant Millard E. Tydings, promoted successively to be Cap- 
 tain, Major, LieutenanfcjColonel ; divisional machine-gun officer. 
 
 Lieutenant James B. Boyle, wounded in action, returned home. 
 
 Lieutenant Walter Katzenberger, transferred to Cavalry at Camp 
 MeClellan. 
 
 Lieutenant WiUiam Penn Lewis, D. S. C, returned home. 
 
 Lietuenant Nathan R. Warthen, transferred to Line School as in- 
 structor. 
 
 Lieutenant Alex Pulford, transferred from regiment at Camp Me- 
 Clellan, afterward serving as civilian with Red Cross in France 
 and Serbia. 
 
 Captain Henry F. Robb, returned home. 
 
 Lieutenant Leslie A. Berryman, transferred to General Head- 
 quarters. 
 
 Lieutenant Robert W. Laws, wounded in action, returned home. 
 
 Lieutenant Merrill Rosenfeld, killed in action. 
 
 Lieutenant Richard L. Feam, Brigade Intelligence Officer. 
 
 Lieutenant Frank A. Heywood, transferred Railway Transporta- 
 tion Service. 
 
 Lieutenant Julian H. Carey, honorably discharged at Camp Me- 
 Clellan. 
 
 Lieutenant Thomas K. Roberts, honorably discharged at Camp 
 MeClellan. 
 
 Lieutenant Alex T. Grier, transferred to Air Service. 
 
 Lieutenant E. Carroll Cissell, returned home, died of influenza. 
 
 Lieutenant Merwin E. Lilley, Adjutant, Third Battalion. 
 
 Lieutenant Chandler Sprague, D. S. C, returned home, promoted 
 Captain, General Staff. 
 
 Lieutenant John Wade, promoted to Captain; killed in action. 
 
 Lieutenant Samuel Merritt, Divisional Billeting Officer. 
 
 Lieutenant Oscar V. Dawes, honorably discharged. 
 
 Lieutenant Andreas Z. Holley, discharged for physical disability, 
 drafted and reassigned to One Hundred Regiment; promoted 
 to Color-Sergeant; sent to Candidate Officers' School and 
 balked of commission by armistice; later promoted to Second 
 Lieutenant. 
 
 Captain Charles E. Myers, Assistant to Division Quartermaster. 
 
158 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Lieutenant E. Bruce Aldri<di, promoted to Captain, One Hundred 
 
 and Fourth Supply Train. 
 Lieutenant W. Harry Oehrl, Assistant Division Ordnance OflScer. 
 Lieutenant Leslie S. Klakring, honorably discharged. 
 Lieutenant John E. Kaiser, promoted to Captain, One Hundred and 
 
 Twelfth Machine-gun Battalion. 
 Lieutenant Guy C. Parlett, died at Base Hospital. 
 
 TOTAL CASUALTIES IN 115th INFANTRY REGIMENT 
 
 DURING THREE MONTHS ACTUAL SERVICE ON 
 
 THE FRONT IN FRANCE. 
 
 Alsace Sector. 
 (July 27 to September 22, 1918.) 
 
 Killed in action — ^Enlisted men 21 
 
 Died of wounds — Enlisted men : . . . . 2 
 
 Severely wounded — Enlisted men 32 
 
 Missing in action — Enlisted men 11 
 
 Slightly wounded: 
 
 Officers 1 
 
 Enlisted men 30 
 
 Gassed 45 
 
 Shell shocked 2 
 
 Sick and injured 659 
 
 Total 794 
 
 Verdun Sector. 
 (October 8 to October 29, 1918.) 
 
 Killed in action: 
 
 Officers 4 
 
 Enlisted men 120 
 
 Died of wounds — ^Enlisted men 7 
 
 Severely wounded in action: 
 
 Officers 2 
 
 Enlisted men 223 
 
 Slightly wounded in action: 
 
 Officers 12 
 
 Enlisted men 297 
 
 Gassed : 
 
 Officers 1 
 
 Enlisted men 26 
 
 Shell shocked: 
 
 Officers 5 
 
 Enlisted men 26 
 
 Missing in action — Enlisted men 15 
 
 Accidental wounds — Enlisted men 2 
 
 Sick and injured: 
 
 Officers 4 
 
 Enlisted men !.!!!!!!!! 221 
 
 Total 1,052 
 
 Total casualties in 115th during three months' fightia^ 1,846 
 
 (Slightly more than 50 per cent.) 
 
APPENDIX. 159 
 
 SOME STATISTICS ON THE 79TH DIVISION, INCLUD- 
 ING THE 313TH INFANTRY. 
 
 The following officers and men in the Seventy-ninth Divis- 
 ion were awarded Distinguished Service Crosses for valor 
 ia action: 
 
 Three Thhiteenth Infantry. 
 
 Major Horatio N. Jackson, Regimental Surgeon. 
 Major Effingham B. Monis. 
 Captain Frank R. Wheelock. 
 First Lieutenant Royal C. Johnson. 
 Sergeant Harry E. Forrest. 
 Sergeant Ernest W. Hitchins. 
 Corporal George L. Brown. 
 Private Roland W. Abrams. 
 
 Three Fourteenth Infantry. 
 
 Captain Charles K. MoDermut. 
 
 Captain Frederick A. Muhlenberg. 
 
 Captain Henry M. Smith. 
 
 First Lieutenant Lee M. English. 
 
 'Sergeant Mike A. Hartman. 
 
 ■Sergeant Edward V. Monahan. 
 
 Sergeant Louis S. Smith. 
 
 Sergeant Peter .Strucel. 
 
 Corporal John Chyke. 
 
 Corporal James A. Larson. 
 
 Corporal William J. Walsh. 
 
 Private (FirstJClass) Nolan L. Jordan. 
 
 Private tfacob Bolen. 
 
 Private Stanley Culver. 
 
 Private John J. Auber. 
 
 Private Calvin J. Cressman. 
 
 Private CUflford M. Seiders. 
 
 Three Fifteenth Infantry. 
 
 Major Samuel W. Fleming. 
 
 Major Ward A. Pierson. 
 
 Captain William W. Carroll. 
 
 Captain Earl C. Offinger. 
 
 ■Captain George L. Wright. 
 
 First Lieutenant Benjamin Bullock, 3rd. 
 
 Second Lieutenant John T. Owens. 
 
 First Sergeant Joseph E. Kilroy. 
 
 Sergeant Paul B. Jenkins. 
 
 Sergeant Bernard Sweeney. 
 
 Sergeant Ludwig J. Nachtman. 
 
 Sergeant Jacob Recktenwald. 
 
 Sergeant Harry L. Greenwood. 
 
 Sergeant Arthur W. Olanson. 
 
 Corporal Joseph A. Keenan. 
 
 Private William Bryson. 
 
 Private Frank H. Flegel. 
 
 Private Walter O. Goodman. 
 
 Private (First^Class) Frank Lomonoco. 
 
160 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Private Graconio Masciarelli. 
 Private Charles W. Palardy. 
 Private Americo di Pasquale. 
 Private Guiseppe Spadafora. 
 Private William. Swearingen. 
 Private Eugene C. Watkins. 
 
 Three Sixteenth Infantry. 
 
 Major William S. Manning. 
 
 Captain Benjamin F. Heiwitt. 
 
 Sergeant Samuel E. Phillips. 
 
 Sergeant Harold P. Rumberger. 
 
 Sergeant Grover C. Sheckart. 
 
 Corporal Guy M. Habecker. 
 
 Corporal Charles M. Kidd. 
 
 Private ( First-Class ) Thomas H. Morris. 
 
 Private (First-'Class) John Wilkins. 
 
 Private Clarence Frey. 
 
 Private Herman G. Paustian. 
 
 Division Headquarters Detachment. 
 
 Sergeant Thomas M. Eivel. 
 
 Private (First-Class) Arthur J. McCain. 
 
 Private Arthur S. Roberts. 
 
 304th Engineers. 
 Captain Albert C. Rubel. 
 
 304th Train Headquarters. 
 First Lieutenant Samuel Marks. 
 
 Ambulance Company. 
 
 First Lieutenant William D. McClelland. 
 Sergeant James E. Stone. 
 Sergeant Donald S. Wagner. 
 Corporal Joseph W. Klai>etsky. 
 
 310th Machine-gun Battalion. 
 
 Private John R. Bauemfeind. 
 Private Dwight E. Lemon. 
 Private Charles E. Simpson. 
 Private Benjamin G. Stankunos. 
 
 311th Machine-gun Battalion. 
 
 First Sergeant Ralph A. Capen. 
 Sergeant James R. Mansfield. 
 Corporal John J. Poillon. 
 Private Charles I. Thomas. 
 Private Perry W. Wilt. 
 
 312th Machine-gun Battalion. 
 
 Private (First-Class) Joseph J. Milgram. 
 Sergeant Oscar Allison. 
 
APPENDIX. 161 
 
 CASUALTIES OF THE 313TH. 
 
 The casualties of the Three Thirteenth Infantry in the 
 Montfaucon operation were as follows: 
 
 Officers killed 11 
 
 Officers wounded 34 
 
 Officers died of wounds 2 
 
 Men killed 105 
 
 Men wounded 783 
 
 Men missing 162 
 
 (Many of the men at fijst reported missing came back, 
 having strayed into the 37 Division on the left or the 158th 
 Brigade on the right. Others turned up later in the hospi- 
 tals or the lists of killed). 
 
 Total casualties in the regiment in three sectors (Mont- 
 faucon, Troyon and Grande Montague) from September 26 
 to November 11, 1918 1,670 
 
 The following enemy material was captured by the Three 
 Thirteenth: 
 
 Montfaucon attack: 
 
 Seventy-five machine-guns. 
 Eleven field pieces. 
 
 Grande Montague Sector: 
 
 Three machine-guns. 
 
 The following batches of prisoners were captured by the 
 Three Thirteenth: 
 
 Montfaucon attack 300 
 
 Troyon sector 2 
 
 Grande Montagne sector 27 
 
162 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 STATISTICS ON THE 117TH TRENCH MORTAR 
 BATTERY. 
 
 Roster of the Battery at the end of the war : 
 
 Captain J. Woodall Greene, Commfinding, 
 
 First Lieutenant Edward G. Reade, M. G. 
 First Lieutenant Garl F. Michael. 
 , Second Lieutenant Henry H. iEundley. 
 Second Lieutenant Oshome B. Morrow. 
 Second Lieutenant Max H. C. Gerumky. 
 
 Adreon, W. T., private. 
 
 Allen, E. H., private. 
 
 Albert, C. L., bugler. 
 
 Anderson, R. Q., private. 
 
 Atkinson, J. E., wagoner. 
 
 Bannon, T. J., private. 
 
 Barker, M. R., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Barker, R. L., private, first-class. 
 
 Barnes, M. L., private. 
 
 Baughman, L. B., sergeant. 
 
 Block, B., Jr., private, first-class. 
 
 Bodein, Harry, private. 
 
 Bowen, V. H., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Brawner, H. P., private. 
 
 Brooks, R. M., private. 
 
 Brown, J. E., private. 
 
 Busick, W. N., private. 
 
 Byrnes, W. J., private, first- 
 
 Caimes, R. M., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Callow, P. R., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Cammann, W. G., private. 
 
 Campbell, T. D., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Carroll, H. I., bugler. 
 
 ■Cassidy, J. F., corporal. 
 
 Clark, G. G., private, first-class. 
 
 Clark, J. A., private. 
 
 Clarke, S. M., wagoner. 
 
 Crowl, H. W., private. 
 
 Davison, C, private.flrst-class. 
 
 Dearhart, R. A., corporal. 
 
 Doyle, W. E., corporal. 
 
 Dumler, E. A., sergeant. 
 
 Dwyer, L. M., private, first-class. 
 
 Edwards, E. K., Jr., corporal. 
 
 Evans, L. R., oorporal. 
 
 Panning, H. W., corporal. 
 
 Farnandis, W., private. 
 
 Feustter, H., private. 
 
 Flick, P. C, private. 
 
 Ford, F. E., private. 
 
 Poster, A. J., corporal. 
 
 Furlong, R. B., private. 
 
 Ganzhom, F. M., private. 
 
 Garitee, W. L., private, first-class. 
 
 Gerwig, W. B., jmvate, first-class. 
 
 Gordon, C. J., corporal. 
 
 Greer, G. B., private, first-class. 
 
 Gumey, J. T., private. 
 
 Hall, M. R., private, first-class. 
 
 Harmon, J. B., Jr., corporal. 
 
 Hayes, Othel, private. 
 
 Hickman, O. E., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Hoffman, L. G., private. 
 
 Holbein, F. L., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Holmes, G. C, corporal. 
 
 Holtz, A. P., Jr., private. 
 
 Horn, J. K., coriwral. 
 
 Horner, C. L., private. 
 
 Hubbard, T. L., private. 
 
 Hunt, P. W., private, first-class. 
 
 Isaac, J. E., private. 
 
 Jackson, W. H., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 James, W. R., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Johnson, W. H., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Jones, C. H., private, first-class. 
 
 Jubb, W. J., private. 
 
 Kaissling, E. C, private, first- 
 class. 
 
 King, C. N., private, first-class. 
 
 Klein, H. S., private. 
 
 Klock, J. J., private. 
 
 Kohlhepp, A. E., private. 
 
 Krastell, O. R., Jr., private. 
 
 Kratz, H. A., private. 
 
 Kunst, A., private, first-class. 
 
 Labanz, J. J., private, first-class. 
 
 Lamorelle, P. P., private, first- 
 class. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 163 
 
 Langenfelder, G. A., private, 
 first-class. 
 
 Lantz, J. P., sergeant 
 
 Lathroum, I. G. R., private. 
 
 Lawson, C. A., horseshoer. 
 
 Leaiij J. T., private. 
 
 Lenbart, A. T., private. 
 
 Leonihardt, C, private. 
 
 Letzer, E. A., Jr., private. 
 
 Lewis, R. A., private. 
 
 Magruder, R. B., corporal. 
 
 Marley, N. T., private. 
 
 Masson, S., corporal. 
 
 Mealy, J. K., corporaL 
 
 Montgillion, J. L., mechanic. 
 
 Mulcahy, O. L., private. 
 
 Mullen, J. H., Jr., private. 
 
 Murphy, J. J., corporal. 
 
 Murphy, T. A., private. 
 
 Myers, H. J., private. 
 
 Nichols, W. T., sergeant. 
 
 Norton, T. M., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 O'Brien, F. A., private. 
 
 O'Brien, W. T., mechanic. 
 
 Osborne, R. M., private. 
 
 Per^oy, F. G., cook. 
 
 Peters, J. E., private. 
 
 Peterson, F. E., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Pettit, H. C., sergeant. 
 
 Price, T. C., private. 
 
 Pridgeon, E. W., private. 
 
 Pryor, A. R., mechanic. 
 
 Quinn, R. I., private. 
 
 Rannels, E. N., corjwral. 
 
 Ridgely, S. S., sergeant. 
 
 Rigden, N. L., private. 
 
 RoUins, J. G., corporal. 
 
 Ruhhnan, J. P., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Russ, J. J., private. 
 
 Schmid, H. J., Jr., private. 
 
 Peck, J. A., private. 
 
 Schultze, J. E., cook. 
 
 Sharretfcs, R. A., private. 
 
 iShea^ P. E., private. 
 
 Siffrrn, H. E., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Skinner, W. H., mechanic. 
 
 Smith, A. G., horseshoer. 
 
 Smith, W. J., private. 
 
 Smoot, P. A., private. 
 
 Solomon, S. L., cook. 
 
 Sporrer, T. W., sergeant 
 
 Stansbury, H. D., private, firat- 
 class. 
 
 Stein, J. P., mechanic. 
 
 Stevens, L. E., corporal. 
 
 Stout, A. R., private, first-class. 
 
 Stout, C. W., sergeant 
 
 Strieker, W. H., private. 
 
 Suter, J. W., corporal. 
 
 Vogelsang, F. P., private. 
 
 Vordemberge, D. C, private. 
 
 "Walter, C. E., Jr., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Warner, W. E., sergeant. 
 
 Wasserman, E., private. 
 
 Weber, G. P., sergeant. 
 
 Weise, W. A., private, first-class. 
 
 Weller, L. D., private, first-class. 
 
 Wells, R. N., private, first-class. 
 
 Whelpley, M. E., private. 
 
 Whitaker, J. L., private. 
 
 Winand, W. T., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Wolf, D. L., corjwral; died in 
 hospital after armistice. 
 
 Wood, E. B., saddler. 
 
 Woodall, E. T., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Yamall, R. A., sergeant. 
 
 Yeatman, C. G., private. 
 
 Yewell, J. B., private. 
 
 Young, J. A., private, first- 
 class. 
 
 Young, M. G., private. 
 
 Zeller, W. W., corporal. 
 
 Transferred from the Battery during its service in France : 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Robert J. Gill, Assistant Chief of Staff, Forty- 
 second Division. 
 
 Captain Richard E. Carson, returned home as instructor. 
 
 Sergeant W. V. Archer, Special Training Board, A. P. O., 727. 
 
 Private E. O. Birckhead, Headquarters Troop, Forty-second 
 Division. 
 
 Private T. C. Brittain, address unknown, forward to us. 
 
 Private C. F. Brown, Base Hospital No. 9. 
 
 Private J. M. Cole, Base Hospital No. 42, A. P. 0. 731. 
 
 Private R. E. Cooney, Jr., Headquarters Troop, Forty-second 
 Division. 
 
164 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Private E. B. Ensor, Obtain address from relatives. 
 
 Private W. W. Fields, Base Hospital No. 20. 
 
 Bugler A. W. Fischer, Headquarters Company, F. A. R. R., A. P. 
 
 0. 778. 
 T. L. Gladmon, A. P. 0. 727, 
 Privaite J. H. Gochnauer, Headquarters Company, U. S. C. C, 
 
 A. P. O. 727. 
 Sergeant R. B. Holmes, Engineers' Candidates iSchool, A. P. O. 714. 
 Wagoner J. M. Huppman, address unknown, forward to us. 
 Second Lieutenant H. F. Miller, obtain address from relatives. 
 Private L. L. Norton, Advisory Section, S. 0. S., A. P. O., 757. 
 First-class Private R. M. Pryor, Headquarters Detachment, Sixty- 
 seventh F. A. Brigade. 
 First-class Private P. E. Ratcliffe, Headquarters Detachment, 
 
 Sixty-seventh P. A. Brigade. 
 Sergeant O. S. Travers, Army Candidates School, A. P. O. 718. 
 Sergeant P. C. Wells, Army Candidates Sdiool, A. P. O. 718. 
 Sergeant J. H. Williams, Army Candidates School, A. P. O. 718. 
 Second Lieutenant V. V. Wilson, Second A. L. C, A. P. 0. 717. 
 Sergeant M. Wright, Trench Artillery Ctenter, Vitrey (instructor). 
 First-class Private V. J. Yealdhall, Headquarters Detachment, 
 
 Sixtynseventh P. A. Brigade. 
 Sergeant M. W. Joint, One Hundred and Seventeenth Supply 
 
 Train, A. P. O. 715. 
 Sergeant C. C. Norment, One Hundred and Seventeenth Supply 
 
 Train, A. P. O. 715. 
 
 The following members of the battery were decorated with 
 the Croix de G-uerre for valor in action: 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Robert J. Gill. 
 Sergeant Charles W. Stout. 
 Mechanician John P. Stein. 
 Corporal Russell A. Yamall. 
 Private James E. Potts (killed). 
 ■Corporal Joseph N. Walker. 
 Corporal Thomas W. Siwrrer. 
 Cori>oral Harry W. Fanning. 
 Private Bernard J. Block. 
 Private Raymond Bryant. 
 
 The following men of the Battery received the Distin- 
 guished Service Cross for valor in action: 
 
 Lieutenant Carl P. Michael. 
 Sergeant Vance V. Wilson. 
 Corporal Charles J. Blankf ard (killed) . 
 Private George B. Greer. 
 Corporal James P. Lantz. 
 Mechanician John P. Stein. 
 Corporal Harry W. Fanning. 
 Private Bernard J. Block. 
 
APPENDIX. 16S 
 
 Following are the men of the Battery who were killed in 
 
 action : 
 
 Private James E. Fbtts. 
 Corporal Charles J. Blankford. 
 Private Harry P. Cuishen. 
 Private Franklin A. Landram. 
 Electrician George Clark. 
 Corporal Dupont Wolf. 
 
166 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 'gOlllE DATA CONCERNING THE SECOND BAT- 
 TALION, llOTH FIELD AETILLERY REGIMENT. 
 
 Following is a list of the officers and men of the original 
 Battery A as it stood ready for Mexican border duty in June, 
 1916: 
 
 Captain William Fell Johnson, Jr. 
 
 First Lieutenant Gustavus Ober, Jr. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Joseph G. Ridgley, Jr. 
 
 Second Lieutenant A. Hunter Boyd, Jr. 
 
 Baily Chapman, 
 Cooper H. Drewry, 
 Gresham H. Poe, 
 D. Stewart Ridgley, 
 
 W. G. Bowdoin, Jr., 
 William G. Danny, 
 D. H. Gorman, 
 J. Morrison. Harris, 
 Philip H. Harrison, 
 
 Addison O. Armstrong, 
 Jesse L. Boynton, 
 Allen S. Bowie, 
 John Bosley, Jr., 
 Charles H. Boehm, 
 George Blakiston, 
 Brooke Bird, 
 
 D. W. Barton, 
 Howard Baetjer, 
 George G. Buck, 
 Charles Buchanan, 
 S. Bonsai Brooks, 
 
 T. Buchanan Blackston, 
 Francis R. Cross, 
 B. Warren 'Corkran, 
 J. Key Compton, 
 Iredell W. Iglehart, 
 Bartlett P. Johnson, 
 Richard N. Jackson, 
 N. W. James, 
 A. P. Enapp, Jr., 
 Prank R. Kent, 
 R. G. Lowndes, 
 W. Penn Lewis, Jr., 
 
 E. W. Love, 
 Leonidas Levering, Jr., 
 Vivian C. Leftwi^, 
 Edwin J. Lee, 
 
 R. P. H. McLean, 
 T. H. McCoy, Jr., 
 A. Bradford McElderry, 
 W. 'Canby Marye, 
 Barnes Compton, 
 
 Sebg&ants. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 G. C. Swope, 
 Edwin Warfield, Jr., 
 D. List Warner. 
 
 W. W. Lanahan, 
 W. B. M. MflCormick, 
 Alex H. Rutherford, 
 Blanchard Randall, Jr., 
 Frank B. Smith. 
 
 F. C. Colston, 
 John H. Gates, 
 Henry T. Duer, 
 A. Adgate Duer, 
 Thomas Donaldson, 
 Robert H. Deford, 
 John Deford, 
 H. B. Davis, 
 J. Howard Eager, 
 Robert W. Forsyth, 
 T. Marshall Forsyth, 
 W. S. Franklin, Jr., 
 H. Findlay French, 
 Robertson Griswold, 
 Frank Gosnell, Jr., 
 W. H. B. Goodwin, 
 F. Lawrence Goodwin, 
 Martin Gillett, 
 George M. Gillett, 
 Donald N. Gilpin, 
 H. Granger Gaither, 
 Harry P. Gallagher, 
 J. C. Gittings, Jr., 
 Guy T. O. Holliday, 
 R. C. Hoffman, Jr. 
 P. B. Harvey, 
 
 C. W. Harvey, 
 Hall Harrison, 
 H. P. Harrison, 
 Artemus Harlan, 
 J. Custis Handy, 
 
 D. C. Handy, 
 
 W. H. Harris, Jr., 
 
APPENDIX. 167 
 
 Francis N. Igleihait, Joseph G. Ridgely, Jr., 
 
 Joseph A. W. Iglehart, Charles B. Reeves, 
 
 James R. Manning, Francis K. Reed, 
 
 Richard MacSherry, Ernest Roibeits, 
 
 Pierce Marston, Nathan R. Smith, Jr., 
 
 H. J. Matthews, Harold W. Smith, 
 
 A. Rege Nelson, W. Donnell Stewart, 
 
 Johnson Orrick, Rossiter S. Scott, 
 
 H. A. Orrick, Jr., Horatio W. Turner, 
 
 C. Leonard Ober, John G. Tlhomas, 
 
 J. Hambleton Ober, Stewart B. Taylor, 
 
 Frank B. Ober, Lawrence S. Wroth, 
 
 Albert G. Ober, Fred B. Wood, 
 
 W. A. Parker, R. W. Williams, 
 
 G. B. Penniman, B. D. Williams, Jr. 
 
 J. Harvey Rowland, G. W. C. Whiting, 
 
 C. Ransom Rowland, S. Bonsai White, 
 
 James B. Robertson, Henry M. Warfield, Jr., 
 
 Charles F. Roberts, W. B. Waterman. 
 
 Some of the men old Battery A gave to other branches of 
 the service during the Great War: 
 
 To THE Regular Akmy. 
 
 George M. Gillett, captain; James R. Manning, lieutenant; 
 George Ross Rede, lieutenant; David W. Barton, lieutenant; Alex- 
 ander Payson Knapp, Jr., lieutenant; Stewart B. Taylor, Hen- 
 tenant ; Thomas H. McCoy, Jr., lieutenant. 
 
 To THE Officers' Resesve Corps. 
 
 Walter G. Bowdoin, captain, Infantry; John E. Deford, lieuten- 
 ant, engineers; Robert B. Deford, captain, quartermaster; Walter 
 S. Franklin, captain, quartermaster; H. Findlay French, captain, 
 quartermaster; F. Lawrence Goodwin, lieutenant, infantry; J. A. 
 W. Iglehart, lieutenant, artillery; John H. Ober, lieutenant, ar- 
 tillery; Ernest Rolberts, captein, quartermaster; James H. Row- 
 land, lieutenant, artillery; Rossiter S. Scott, captain, engineers; 
 Frank B. Smith, captain, quartermjaster; Frank B. Ober, lieuten- 
 ant, artillery; Hall Harrison, captain, artillery; Donald N. Gilpin, 
 lieutenant, artillery; Fred C. Colston, lieutenant, artillery (killed 
 in France) ; Philip H. Harrison, lieutenant, artillery; J. Howard 
 Eager, captain, artillery; Richard MacSherry, lieutenant, quarter- 
 master. 
 
 To THE CANDroATE OFFICERS' SCHOOLS. 
 
 Laertes P. Springs, Key Compton, Jr., George G. Buck, Paul R. 
 Powell, Robert D. Frick, Frank Gosnell, Jr., F. Barton Harvey, 
 Clinton K. MacSherry, Thomas H. McKay, Robert P. McLean, Leon- 
 ard Ober, Johnson Orrick, George D. Penniman, Jr., David C. San- 
 ford, Tattwt T. Spear, Benjamin D. Williams, Wilmer Hoffman. 
 
 To Unith) States Am SiaivicE. 
 
 Lieutenant George Ewing, Jr. (killed in France) ; Lieutenant 
 Louis R. ("Babe") Ewing (killed in France) ; F. K. Read, Charles 
 S. Roberts, Brooke G. Bird, Charles B. Reeves. 
 
168 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 To THE U. S. Naval Reserve Force. 
 Harry A. Orrick, Jr. 
 
 To THE Ambulance Service in France. 
 Gaylord B. Brooks. 
 
 Officers of the original Maryland Field Artillery Battalion^ 
 llOth Regiment, that grew out of Battery A: 
 
 Battery A (later Battery D). 
 
 Captain J. Craig McLanaban. 
 
 Lieutenants, Edwin Warfield, Jr., J. Morrison Harris, Blanchard 
 Handall, Jr., D. List Warner. 
 
 Battery B (later Battery E). 
 
 Captain Gufitavus Ober, Jr. 
 
 Lieutenants, Gresham Poe, Frank H. Frisbie, Charles B. Reeves, 
 Beverly Ober. 
 
 Battery C (later Battery F) . 
 
 Captain A. Hunter Boyd. 
 
 Lieutenants, Albert G. Ober, Richard B. Chapman, S. Bonsai 
 Brooks, William G. Dancy. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 169 
 
 ORIGINAL ROSTER OF BATTERY F. 58th REGIMENT, 
 FIRST ARMY ARTILLERY. 
 
 Capt. Budolph Ritterbusch 
 First Lieut Felix A. Leser 
 Second Lieut. J. F. Baker 
 
 Lieut. Frederick Henninghansen 
 Lieut. W. P. Prout 
 Lieut. Charles A. Witz 
 
 SERGEANTS 
 
 Sersrt. James E. Wilson 
 Sei^ R. L. Dandridge 
 Sei^ Francis E. Beacham 
 Seiit. David A. Brown 
 Sergt. John G. Caldwell 
 Sergt. Percy R. Gorrell 
 
 John E. Bates 
 Stanley M. Bouis 
 Charles S. Brauner 
 Harry T. Brice 
 Guy E. Ohilds 
 Edward C. Dayve 
 Barry M. Diffenderfer 
 Charles A. Fauth 
 Paul H. Hasselbacher 
 Merrill M. Hieatzman 
 Elias T. Hoffstetter 
 William H. Hobbo 
 
 Wilmer O. Andrews 
 Wilford N. Davis 
 Frank Kelly 
 
 Sergt. Vernon L. Harbaugh 
 Sergt. M. M. Jacobs 
 Sergt. Eugene B. Kelly 
 Serg^ Michael J. McHngh 
 Sergt. Salem W. Royston 
 Sergt. Robert H. Smith 
 
 COKPORAIB 
 
 John A. James 
 James F. Jones 
 F. M. Lazenby 
 Emile R. Mohler 
 James H. Patton, Jr. 
 Walton C. Orrell, Jr. 
 George M. Parr 
 Milton E. Poole 
 Richard H. Pratt 
 James R. Ridgley 
 Samuel A. Tubman 
 Bryant E. Baker 
 
 MECHANICS 
 
 Daniel J. Krauder 
 William B. Leager 
 James G. McGee 
 
 Howard L. Sutton 
 
 Ernest Brownhill 
 Edward F. Bentz 
 
 Swope Acker 
 Robert N. Abrecht 
 Howard K. Baker 
 Everett J. Baker 
 Solon L. Baker 
 Richard J. Barron 
 Hayward T. Barton 
 Gaac Baunn 
 John Baylor 
 Omar C. Bennett 
 :Nelson E. Berliner 
 Stanley F. Bond 
 Elmer L. Bonsall 
 Anthony Bouchet 
 
 BU6I<ERS 
 
 Edward C. Fillack 
 Albert J. Miller 
 
 COOKS 
 
 Michael Knell 
 John G. Massey 
 
 PRIVATES 
 
 Charles Bovlit 
 William F. Bleakley 
 Samuel Blunt 
 Franklin S. Brown 
 George C. Brown 
 Robert E. Brown 
 S. Stewart Brown 
 pS^ncis J. Buchanan 
 Max Budnick 
 Robert S. Burwell 
 Jacob R. Button, Jr. 
 Thomas L. Games 
 J. S. Carroll 
 Francis B. Carter 
 
170 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 PRIVATES 
 
 Arthur W. Chambers 
 Ernest L. Chell 
 Charles E. Childs 
 James B. Chipchase 
 Raymond S. Clarke 
 William H. Clark 
 John H. Collison 
 William H. Corddry 
 John M. Covell 
 John D. Cox 
 John Stanley Ctooke 
 Clarence A. Coseno. Jr. 
 Joseph F. Coursey 
 James H. Cramer 
 Cameron Cromwell 
 Warren P. Culbertson 
 Walter B. Cutsail 
 Joseph G. Dahlen 
 Harry E. Dashiell 
 William F. Dashiell 
 James H. Davis 
 Charles A. Day 
 Malcolm G. Denton 
 Herbert G. Domey 
 Percy F. Dorney 
 Charles G. Dunn 
 Harry A. Durney 
 George Duvall, Jr. 
 Austin J. Dyer 
 Charles F. Easton 
 Charles F. Eiaston 
 Earle R. Ebi 
 Paul W. Englar 
 Lawrence C. Evans 
 S. S. Field, Jr. 
 Clarence E. Foulke 
 Frederick W. Freimuth 
 Dick Gallagher 
 Richard Gallagher 
 Charles L. Gibbons 
 William H. Gittings, Jr. 
 Edward C. Golder 
 Edward Glatt 
 Louis Glatt 
 Edward Glowka 
 Clayton M. Groflf 
 James E. Green 
 William F. Gover 
 James W. Goodman 
 Horace K. Hansberger 
 H. A. Harling 
 Leo E. Hare 
 Edgar B. Harrod 
 OUie H. Herder 
 Charles V. Hoddinott 
 Thomas L. Hodges 
 John W. Hogg 
 William J. Holton, Jr. 
 
 Preston L. Hohn 
 John F. Horrigan 
 John S. Houch 
 Francis Dorsey Howard 
 Herbert O. Howard 
 Edward L. Hyland 
 James H. Jacobs 
 Talbott W. Jenkins 
 James C. Jenkins 
 George J. Johnson 
 Howard Kellogg 
 Thomas J. Kenney 
 Charles Reynolds Kershaw- 
 James J. King 
 Joseph V. Kolb 
 Charles J. Kondner 
 Walter W. Korpman 
 Thomas M. Landy 
 Harry J. Lang 
 Milton W. Leimbach 
 Denny Lewis 
 Norman L. Lewis 
 Dave Lipsey 
 Elmer J. Litz 
 Clarence H. Little 
 Richard T. Long 
 John G. Ludwig 
 Raymond A. Maloney 
 John W. McAllister 
 Bston McFadden 
 Ralph L. McFaul 
 James P. McGregor 
 John J. McGuire 
 Lawrence A. McHugh 
 Bowie McKanzie 
 Chester Meredith 
 John G. Miller 
 Randolph B. Milton 
 Eustis E. Morsberger 
 Louis E. Murkey 
 Ffrancis G. Murphy 
 John J. Murphy 
 Martin F. Murray 
 William L. Musch 
 Linn W. Myers 
 Edward Neserke 
 Charles W. New 
 R. A. Nicholson 
 Charles A. Nicodemus, Jr, 
 Robert N. Nicodemus 
 William J. Norman 
 Bernard B. Norton 
 William P. Nixon 
 George E. Off 
 John A. Oliver 
 Joseph R. Ozman 
 Orville Painter 
 H. Orr Pencock 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 171 
 
 Ralph C. Payne 
 Kenneth L. Peddicord 
 Eennbeit Picker, Jr. 
 James O. Pippen 
 Douslas 6. Pollard 
 James E. Poulton 
 William A. Phipps 
 Koland S. Quick 
 George C. Rasch 
 Leo C. Read 
 Ed\7in Kail Reidi 
 John C. Reidman 
 George J. Reippel 
 William H. Riidiardson 
 Henry B. Richmond 
 Norman W. Romoser 
 James W. Ruark 
 Lniford H. Ruth 
 Luther D. Salem 
 William J. Schaeffer 
 George Schlexmes, Jr. 
 Charles J. Schwalj 
 Thomas P. Scott 
 Ed-ward M. Shane 
 Harry E. Shaw 
 James D. Shea 
 Herbert R. Shilling 
 
 FRIVATS8 
 
 Rajnmond W. Shipe 
 Edwin D. Shriner, Jr. 
 Barney S. Skarass 
 Charles W. Slagle, Jr. 
 William H. Slasman 
 Wajmard E. Smith 
 Lawrence Sonnebom 
 Arthur L. Sorrell 
 Anthony F. Stadler 
 Maurice L. Starkey 
 Charles E. Stephens 
 William E. Stevens 
 Charles A. Stewart 
 Frank A. Swegon 
 Daniel H. Swindermon 
 John M. Tate 
 Samuel O. Thomas 
 William E. Thompson 
 Leonard J. Tolodzieckl 
 Jerome B. Trout 
 Cromwell Warner 
 Otto A. Werner 
 Robert K. West, Jr. 
 John Winand 
 James Woods 
 Arthur C. Wright 
 John J. Zankus 
 
Maryland's Honor Roll 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 MARYI/AND'S HONOR ROLL. 
 
 175 
 
 This is a list of the men of the State of Maryland who 
 •died for the great principles upon which the United States 
 went to war. The author of this book is indebted to the His- 
 torical Division of the Maryland Council of Defense for the 
 compilation of names. It is reproduced here as it stood cor- 
 rected up to April 6, 1919. 
 
 Because the compilation of an absolute accurate list may 
 mot come for many months, and because the author believes 
 the people of Maryland want to hear as soon as p(»sible as 
 complete a stofy as possible of the fighting its sons did in the 
 Great War, this list is submitted now. The perspective with 
 which future historians see the events chronicled here may 
 bring about as many changes in their stories as the slow accu- 
 mulation of statistics may bring about in Maryland's honor 
 
 roU. 
 
 A 
 
 Abbott, Maurice L. (Corporal — 
 
 Army). 
 Abbott, Raymond R. (Private — 
 
 Army). 
 Aberman, Harry (Private — 
 
 Army). 
 Adams, John Carver (Captain — 
 
 Army), Montgomery county. 
 Adams, Lewis, Jr. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Thunnont, Md. 
 Adams, Louis Rajonond (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Baltimore. 
 Adams, William (Private — 
 
 Army), Bellevue. 
 Adams, William J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Adrian, Henry C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Ahring, Harry C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Airey, Alfred J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Airey, George E. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Akers, Byron V. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Frederick. 
 Albert, Walter G. (Priva:te— 
 
 Army), Hagerstown. 
 Alder, A. Garland (Private — 
 
 Army), Brunswick, Md. 
 Aleshire, Isaac (Fireman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Alexander, John A. (Second 
 Lieuteinant — ^Aimy), Keymar, 
 Md. 
 
 Alexander, John M. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Allen, Lewis W. (Private — 
 Army), Finchville, Md. 
 
 Ailey, James (Private — 'Army), 
 Fallston, Md. 
 
 Allison, Edgar G. (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Alt, Henry, Jr. (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Althouse, George (Lieutenant — 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Aman, Joseph L. (Private — 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Ameling, John J. (Private — 
 Army), Woodwardviile, Md. 
 
 Amrhein, William (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Anderson, Ambrose N. (Cor- 
 poral — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Anderson, John T. (Mechanic — 
 Army), Church Hill, Md. 
 
 Andrews, Charles H. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Andrews, Junius (Ensign — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Andrews, Morris (Corporal — 
 Army), Annapolis, Md. 
 
176 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Apple, Isaac H. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Armiger, George J. (Seaman — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Armstrong, Clarence (Private — 
 Anny), Frederick. 
 
 Armstrong, Harry (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Armstrong, Robert M. (Private 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Arringrton, Joshua E., Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Asboiry, Everett P. (Private — 
 
 Army), Street, Md., R. F. 
 
 D., No. 2. 
 Asquith, Calvin (Private — 
 
 Army), Edgewater, Md. 
 Atkinson, Robert B. (Sergeant 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Atwood, WilUam E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Bockville, Md. 
 Augenistein, Melvin M. (Captain 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Austrian, Seligman B. (Cor- 
 poral — ^Army), Baltunore. 
 Awner, Maurice (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Bacon, Charles A. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Baden, Norwood (Private — 
 
 Army), Baden, Md. 
 Bader, Joseph A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Biaer, Badnard C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Baker, Claud© Albert (Seaman 
 
 — Navy) , Sparrows Point, Md. 
 Baker, Frederick H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Roland Park, Md. 
 Baker, George M. (Lieutenant — 
 
 Anny) , Rodgers' Forge, Md. 
 Baker, Johnnie (Private — 
 
 Army), Wdllardis, Md., R. F; 
 
 D., No. 2, Box. 33. 
 Baker, Marshall S. (Private — 
 
 Army), Pinzel, Md. 
 Baker, Murry (Priivaite — ^Army), 
 
 New Midway, Md. 
 Baker, William R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Lutherville, Md. 
 Baldwin, Charles A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bald'win, Lewis R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Bald'win, Wilbur F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Ball, Spicer (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 BaM, Alvin (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Ballard, Herman (Private — 
 
 Army), Hebron, Md. 
 Balling, Benjamin F. (Corporal 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Bandel, Edgar L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Orangeville, Md. 
 Barber, Francis F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Laytonsville, Md. 
 Bangs, Theodore E. (I^vate^ — 
 
 Marine Corps) , Stemmers 
 
 Run, Md. 
 Barber, Lewis E., Hagerstown, 
 
 Md. 
 Barroll, Ernest M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Horton, Md. 
 Barry, Edward (Private — 
 
 Army), Eckhart Mines, Md. 
 Barry, Thomas W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Eckhart Miinies, Md. 
 Barrett, Norman Ashton (Laeu- 
 
 tenant — Army) , Pensacola, 
 
 Pla. 
 Barth, Herman A. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 Bartozaveis, Prank (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bascoe, Thomas (Private — 
 
 Army) , St. Mary's Ooumty. 
 Bassfford, Wallace Lee (Private 
 
 — ^Army) , Baltimore. 
 Baum, John J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bauman, Raymond P. (Private 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Baumblatt, Melvin (Navy), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Baxley, W. Brown (Lieutenant 
 
 — 'ATmy), Baltimore. 
 Bayer, Russell J. (Conporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Baynard, Norman Wesley, 
 
 Rifely, Md. 
 Bayne, Samuel E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Towson, Md. 
 BeacMey, Hobert M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Burkittsville, Md. 
 Beall, Vincent L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Jessups, Md. 
 Biean^ Frederick (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bean, John B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 177 
 
 Beasman, Carl William (Private 
 
 — 'Marine Corps), Eldersburg, 
 
 Md. 
 Beauchamp, Oliver T. (First 
 
 Lieutenant — Army), Princess 
 
 Anne, Md. 
 Becker, Gerald (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 Becker, Clarence M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Williamistown, Md. 
 Bell, Rev. Arthur (Chaplain — 
 
 Army), Bruns-wick, Md. 
 Bell, Clarence L. (Machinist — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bell, Edward J., Jr. (Private — 
 
 Army), Frederick, Md. 
 Bell, Greorge A. (Cook — ^Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Benda, John J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Benesch, Milton (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Benjamin, Simon (Private — 
 
 Aimy), Baltimore. 
 Benner, Alvy (Private — Army), 
 
 ■Sharpsburg, Md. 
 Bennett, Eugene J. (Private — 
 
 Marine Corps), Baltimore. 
 Bennett, Morris W. (Musician — 
 
 Army), Frederick, Md. 
 Bennick, Martin (Privaite — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Benson, Percy (Lieutenant — 
 
 Canadian Expeditionary 
 
 Force), Baltimore. 
 Benton, Howard (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bentzel, Arthur H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Emmitsbuig', Md. 
 Berfeld, Philip R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Berger, Frank (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Berlau, Frederick (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Besse, Anthony (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bester, Edward J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown. 
 Biden, Edward L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Walbrook. 
 Bielatowicz, John William, Bal- 
 timore. 
 Bigham, Robert R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Dunseith, Md. 
 BillingBlea, C. C. (Major — 
 
 Army), Westminster, Md. 
 Billingsley, Raymond W. (Ser- 
 geant — ^Army), Monkton, Md. 
 
 Binhack, Arvil M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Princeton, Md. 
 Biscoe, Albert J. (Wagoner — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Biscoe, Raymond C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Valley Lee, Md. 
 Biscoe, William J. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Valley Lee, Md. 
 Blades, Julius C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Biser, John L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md., R. 
 
 F. D. No. 3. 
 Black, Morris (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Blackston, John F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Trappe, Md. 
 Blackwell, Julius (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Blank, George (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Blanfcford, Charles J., Jr. (Cor- 
 poral — Army), Baltimore. 
 Bloom, William D. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Robinson Mount, Md. 
 Blueford, William J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Criafield, Md. 
 Bode, Walter G. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Boggs, Blaine, Showells, Md. 
 Bonneville, Edward (Private — 
 
 Army), Stockton, Md., R. F. 
 
 D. No. 2. 
 Bonne, James Earl (Seaman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Boots, Samuel C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bopst, Thomas R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bomhom, Henry (Sergeant —^ 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bosley, Clarence E. (Seaman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Bosse, Anthony John (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bcswell, Henry H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Rosaryville, Md. 
 Bowers, Fred R. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown. 
 Bowie, William (Private — 
 
 Army), Chesapeake City, Md. 
 Boyd, Isaac (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Bradshaw, John (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brandau, Raymond A. (I»rivate 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Brandt, Carl R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
178 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAS. 
 
 Branson, Jo^ph H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Clemenits, Md. 
 Brashears, James H. B. (Lieu- 
 tenant — Marine Corps) , An- 
 
 najpolis, Md. 
 Braunschwei'ger, Henry A. (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Baltimore. 
 Brice, William, Shady Side, Md. 
 Briggis, Walter M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Gaithersburg, Md. 
 Briscoe, Albert J., Jr. (Private 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Britt, Edward (Private — 
 
 Army), Midlothian, Md. 
 Brittingbam, Claude J. (Private 
 
 — ^Army) , Pocomoke City, Md. 
 Brittinigbam, Kalph L. (Private 
 
 — Army), Berlin, Md. 
 Broadwater, Sheridan (Private 
 
 Army), New Germany, Md. 
 Broek, Warren L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brok, Francis (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brooks, Pomfret, Md. 
 Brooks, Harry V. (Private — 
 
 Marine Corps), Henrytown, 
 
 Md. 
 Brooks, Walter J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brown, Alonzo (Private — 
 Army), Olivet, Md. 
 Brown, Dulbert (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brown, Penton, Brownsville, Md. 
 Brown, Frenk M. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brown, Guy O. (Mechanic — 
 
 Army), Phoenix, Md. 
 Brown, Lester C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brown, Newton (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Brown, William S. (Private — 
 
 Army), Scotch Hill, Lonacon- 
 
 ing, Md. 
 Bruehl, Charles P. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Glenive, Md. 
 
 Bruflf, Leroy J. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bucihanan, Earl S., Cumberland, 
 
 Md. 
 Buckingiham., Jennings Alceous 
 
 (Private — ^Army), Mt. Airy, 
 
 Md. 
 BuM, WilUam J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bullock, 'Daniel J. (Musician — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bundick, Clinton C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Pooomoke, Md. 
 Bundy, Robert F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Bunke, WiUiam (Private — 
 
 Army), Union Bridge, Md. 
 Burdiek, Harold Stacey (Lieu- 
 tenant-Commander — Navy), 
 
 Annapolis, Md. 
 Burger, Raymond F. (Sergeant 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Burgess, Herman E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hyattsville, Md. 
 
 Burgess, William Earl (Pri- 
 vate — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Burk, Conrad C. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown. 
 Burke, Jesse D. (Private — 
 
 Army), Kemptown, Md. 
 Burke, Olin, Allegany county. 
 Burkhart, John R., Allegany 
 
 county. 
 Burley, Daniel (Private — 
 
 Army), Ellerslie, Md. 
 Burns, Jesse L. (Wagoner — 
 
 Army), Monrovia, Md. 
 Bums, Noel L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Butler, Clarence (Private — 
 
 Army), Nottingham, Md. 
 Butler, Edv/ard E. (First Lieu- 
 tenant — Army) , Baltin.ore. 
 Butzner, John F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Byrd, Robort D. S. (Seaman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Cable, Harry K. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Cader, Albert G. (Civilian), 
 
 Brunswick, Md. 
 Cahn, Bernard J. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Caldwell, J. E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Galena, Md. 
 
 Calhoun, Earl M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Garreli coont;', Md. 
 Campbell, Hurst V. (Lievte.:- 
 
 ant — Army) , Baltimore. 
 Campbell, Samuel T. (Piivate 
 
 Army), Eckhart Mines, Ma. 
 Campbell, William W. (Private 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 179 
 
 Canty, John B. (Private — 
 Aimy), Midland, Md. 
 
 Carey, James F. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Carey, OUie (Private— Army), 
 Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Oamey, Charles V., Allegany 
 county, Md. 
 
 Carney, Edward ( P r i v a t e — 
 Anny), Mount Savage, Md. 
 
 Carney, John (Private — Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Carney, Joseph, Allegany coun- 
 ty, Md. 
 
 Oarr, Benjamin S. (Corporal — 
 Aiiny), Annanolds, Md. 
 
 Carr, James L. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Carroll, Frederick F. (Sergeant 
 — Army), Monrovia, Md. 
 
 Carroll, James Alfred, Jr. (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Galena, Md. 
 
 Carroll, John (Private — ^Army), 
 Galena, Md. 
 
 Carroll, William (Private — 
 — ^Army) , Bellevue, Md. 
 
 Carson, James L. (CJorporal — 
 Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 
 Casey, Harry (Private — ^Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Cayer, Albert J. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Cassine, Clarence R. (Private — 
 Army), Pearson, Md. 
 
 Gates, John M. (Lieutenant- 
 Commander — Navy) , Annap- 
 olis, Md. 
 
 Chalk, William E. (Chief Yeo- 
 man — Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 (Chambers, Collins (Private — 
 Army), Chestertovm, Md. 
 
 (Chambers, John J. (Private — 
 Army), Ellicott Cily, Md. 
 
 Chamibers, Walter W. (Private 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Chaney, Arthur L. (Musician — 
 Army), Cumberland. 
 
 Chaney, Joseph H., Dunkirk, 
 Md. 
 
 Chenoweth, Okey R. (Private — 
 Army), Cardiff, Md. 
 
 Chisholm, George E. (Sergeant 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Church, John (Private— Army), 
 Box No. 1, Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Ciambruschim, Julius (Private 
 — ^Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Ciborowski, Stanislaw (Private 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Clagett, Honore M., Jr. (Navy) , 
 
 PetersviUe, Md. 
 Clark, George G. (Private^ 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Oark, Halford (Lieuteniant — 
 
 Army), Washington, D. C. 
 Clark, William Russel (Navy), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Clazey, William F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 CKne, Benjamin F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Thurmont, Md. 
 'Cling, Harry L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Clapper, John E. (Corporal — 
 
 Army) , Boonesboro, Md. 
 Cloud, Seymour (Private — ■ 
 
 Army), Keep Tryst, Md. 
 Clubb, Charles R. (Sergeant- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Coale, William E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Bal'timore. 
 Cochrane, Stanley L. (Lieuten- 
 ant — 'Army), Crisfield, Md. 
 Cockey, William Warfield, Jr. 
 (Private — Aimy), Norfolk, Va. 
 Cofran', Ed-ward (Private — 
 
 Army), Finksburg, Md. 
 C^hee, Samuel B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Marydel, Md. 
 Cohien, Isadore (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Cohen, Louis (Boatswain's Mate 
 
 — Navy), Baltimore. 
 Cohen, Samuel J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Cole, Albert (Stevedore — ^Navy), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Cole, Clarence H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Perryville, Md. 
 Cote, Robert L. R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Coleman, George F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Coleman, Robert H. (Lieutenant 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 ColKns, Andrew H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Snow Hill, Md. 
 ColKns, George B. (Cadtet — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Colston, Frederick C. (Captain 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Compher, William B. (Private 
 
 — Army), Poolesvilte, Md. 
 Connelly, Thomas (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Connolly, James, Annapolis, Md. 
 Conway, James R. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Cumlberland, Md. 
 
180 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Cook, Abralbam A. (Private — Oreek, George (Private — 
 
 Aimty), Haimans, Md. Army), Hancock, Md. 
 
 Cook, Robert D. (Private — Creighton, John (Private — 
 
 Army), Oxford, Md. Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 
 Cook, Wayman (Private— Cresap, Jas. McDoweU (Lieu- 
 
 Aamy), Queenstown, Md. tenant-Commander — Navy), 
 
 Cooley, Vincent — Clinton, Md. Aamapolis. 
 
 Cooper, Abraham (Private— Crispens, Hbward E. (Corporal 
 
 Amny), Baltimore. —Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Cooper, James (Private— crist, Samuel J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Pnnce George, Mary- ^ j. South Cumberland, 
 
 land. jjj 
 
 ^"I^fiin^j^SJori'^'""^^"* ^^temo?^^^'^ ^- ^^^^>' 
 ^^J^T), l^SLo?;. '^'^'^ Cromwell, Alfred J. (Priva^ 
 Coison, Horace V. (Private- ^ ^^^^ir I J^^^^^^^i^'^- 
 Marine Corps) , Baltimore. Cronm, Herbert W., Allegany 
 Corson, James L. (Corporal— „ <'*"?"*y- ., „ ,„ . 
 
 Army), Frostburg, Md. Cronkhite, Alex. P. (Major— 
 
 CosteUo, Prank M. (Private— Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Marine Corps), Baltimore. Cross, James Frank Marston 
 
 Couchman, Edward H. (Pri- (Chief gunner's mate— 
 
 vate— Army) , Mount Wash- Navy) , Baltimore. 
 
 ington, Md. Cruise, James G. (Private — 
 
 Coulboum, Lloyd R. (Private Army) , Westernport, Md. 
 
 — Army), Salisbury, Md. Crum, Walter Cramer (Private 
 
 Coulson, William Hilary (Pri- — Army) , Walkersville, Md. 
 
 vate — ^ATmy), Baltimore. Cucchiella, Emidie (Private — 
 
 Council, Julius K. (Private — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Ctallen, Michael F. (Private — 
 
 Coutogianis, Stove (Private — Army), Westernport, Md. 
 
 Army), Baltimore. CuUison, George G. (Private— 
 
 Covington, (Jeorge (Private— Army), Deals Island, Md. 
 
 Army), Baltimore. CuUum, Robert V. (Private- 
 Cox, Charlotte A. (Nurse— Army) , Aberdeen, Md. 
 p;l?3"^kr^t« S""^" /t>,.v,+o_ Cunningham, Ray D. (Private- 
 
 Sv) fiiffin^^e ^^^^^^ Army) , Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Crampton, William L. (Private Curry Otis (Private— Army) , 
 
 — Army), Sharpsburg, Md. „ ^."™?'"^-. ,„ . , . 
 
 Crandell, Boyed (Corporal- Curtis, Walhs (Private— lArmy), 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Poplar HSll, Md. 
 
 Crandell, Thomas, McKendree, Cushen, Harry P. (Private— 
 
 Md. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Creek, Charles (Private — Custer, Sherman B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Swanton, Md. 
 
 Dahlfield, Henry (Private — Davenport, Isaac (Private — 
 
 Army) , Ohestertown, Md. Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Dandridge, Clayton (Private — Davis, Charles (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. Army) , Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Daniels, Benjamin N. (Ma- Davis, Charles E. (Bugler — 
 
 chinist — Navy), Olivet, Md. Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Dantone, Sam (Private — Aimy), Davis, Clarence S. (Private — 
 
 Baltimore. Army) , Salisbury,, Md. 
 
 Daughton, Clarence (Private — Davis, Greorge B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Pylesville, Md. Army), Hebron, Md. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 181 
 
 Davis, George H. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army) , Easton, Md. 
 Davis, Jeff (Private — Army), 
 
 Centreville, Md. 
 Davis, Joseph L. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Havre de Grace, Md. 
 Davis, Richard N. (First Lieu- 
 tenant — Army), Chautauqua 
 
 Cottage, Md. 
 Day, Jerome L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Ellicott City, Md. 
 Day, Joseph E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Deal, Jacob E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Deal, John (Private— i- Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Dean, David J. (Lieutenant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Dearnberger, Edward L. (Pri- 
 vate — Army) , Hagerstown, 
 
 Md. 
 Degiacomo, Nicholas (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 DeGoey, Louis K. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Delcher, Edward N. (Sergeant 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Deller, John J. (Private — 
 
 Ajmy), Catonsville. 
 Delss, William E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Dennis, Maul den (Private — 
 
 Army), Elkton, Md. 
 Dennison, Harry I. (Private — 
 
 Army), Clinton, Md. 
 Dertzbaugh, William L. (Private 
 
 Army), Frederick. 
 Devilbiss, Herbert (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Diangelo, James J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Dickey, Allen (Private — Army) , 
 
 Oelia, Md. 
 Dietz, Joseph G. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Highlandtown. 
 Disharoom, William W. (Pri- 
 vate—Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 Disney, Leroy R. (Sergeant- 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Disney, Wilmer A. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Bowie, Md. 
 Dixon, Rodney E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Funkstown, Md. 
 Dobson, Harvey (Private — 
 
 Army), Cordova, Md. 
 Dobrzykowski, Frank (Private 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Dodson, Cyrus W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Manokin, Md. 
 Doerfler, Charles J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Dolan, Ernest W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Twiggtown, Md. 
 Domer, Frederick (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Donaldson, Fleming, Allegany 
 
 county. 
 Doran, Elwood (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Dorij, Aindrew (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Dorsey, Harry H. (Private — 
 
 Army); Baltimore. 
 Dorsey, Joseph D. (Corporal — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Dorsey, Joseph T. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Abell, Md. 
 Dorsey, Walter J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Dorsey, William T. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Poplace, Md. 
 Dorsey, William — Chesapeake 
 
 Beach, Md. 
 Doshfield, Henry (P r i v a t e — 
 
 Airmy), Chesterville, Md. 
 Dowell, Henry E. — 'Huntings 
 
 town, Md. 
 Dowling, William H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Westernport, Md. 
 Downs, William H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Doxzon, George (Private — 
 
 ■Army), Baltimore. 
 Doyle, Martin J. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Catonsville. 
 Doyle, Wyatt D. (Second Lieu- 
 tenant — Army) , Cavetown, 
 
 Md. 
 Draper, Thomas W. (Ensign — 
 
 Navy), Brightonton, Md. 
 Dresbaeh, Edward H. (Seaman 
 
 — ^Navy) , Baltimore. 
 Dressel, J. T. (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Drexler, Albert (Private — 
 
 Army), Curtis Bay, Md. 
 Drexle^, Ferdinand (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Drohan, Stanley T. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Dryden, Orville G. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Princess Anne, Md. 
 Duckay, James (Private — 
 
 Army), Chesterville, Md. 
 Duckery, George Eder (Private 
 
 — Army), Millington, Md. 
 
182 
 
 MAEYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GEEAT WAE. 
 
 Dunnock, John W. (Private — 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 
 Dunphy, Page M. (Private — 
 Army), Towson, Md. 
 
 Durochre, Charles (D o c t o r — 
 Navy), Annapolis, Md. 
 
 Dutkowsky, John J. (Sergeant 
 
 — Army), Brooklyn, Md. 
 Dyer, Norman (Private — 
 
 Army), Denton, Md. 
 Dykes, John (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Salisbury, Md. 
 Dyson, Aaron (Private — Army), 
 
 Gaithersburg, Md. 
 
 E 
 
 Earp, J. Marsden (Lieutenant 
 — Navy) ,■ Baltimore. 
 
 Eberlein, Antone (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Edelen, Benedict (P r i v a t e — 
 Army), Accokeeke, Md. 
 
 Eden, Arthur (Cadet British 
 Royal Aviation Corps), Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Edgar, James A. (Private — 
 Army), McHenry, Md. 
 
 Edwards, Roland (Private — 
 Army), Odenton, Md. 
 
 Egenhoefer, Henry M. (Private 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Eichelberger, A 1 b e r t — Cleaj*- 
 spring, Md. 
 
 Eichelberger, Edward Carey 
 (Lieutenant — Navy) , Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Eichelberger, John (Cook — 
 Army), Blairs Valley, Md. 
 
 Elder, Francis X. (Private — 
 Army), Emmitsburg, Md. 
 
 Eliason, Patrick E. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 EUiott, Ernest W. (Private- 
 Army), Elliott, Md. 
 
 Elliott, William J. (Private- 
 Army) , Park, Md. 
 
 Elmo, Nicola (Private — Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Emory, Cyril A. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Emory, German H. H. (Major — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Engle, Orem Bay (Private — 
 
 Army), Bittinger, Mi. 
 Engle, Orem R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Enlow, Albert (Private — ^Army),. 
 
 Hagerstown, Md. 
 Enlow, Harry E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Friendsville, Md. 
 Ensor, Maurice (Navy), Balti- 
 more. 
 Erdman, Joseph E. (Seaman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Ernst, Arnold T. (Private — 
 
 Army), Perryville, Md. 
 Ernst, Harry Lakin, Maugans- 
 
 ville, Md. 
 Estey, Theodore R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Ellicott City, Md. 
 Etzler, Maurice (Private — 
 
 Army), New Market, Md. 
 Ewing, George W. J. (Lieuten- 
 ant — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Ewing, Louis R. (Lieutenant — 
 
 Army), BrooklandviUe, Md. 
 Exline, Floyd E. (Private— 
 
 Army) , Hancock, Md. 
 Eyler, Benjamin F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Frederick, Md. 
 Eyler, Edgar J. (Lieutenant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Fairgrieves, John R. (Sergeant 
 — Army), Moscow, Md. 
 
 Faith, Clifton R. (Sergeant- 
 Army), Relay, Md. 
 
 Farmer, George W. (Private — 
 Army), Hyattsville, Md. 
 
 Farmer, Perry B. (Private — 
 Army) , Mardela Springs, Md. 
 
 Parr, William (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Farraday, Hugh (Private — 
 Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 
 Farraday, John, Sr. (Private — 
 
 Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 Faughander, John F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Williamsport, Md. 
 Fehn, John E. (Private — 
 
 Aj-my), Rossville, Md. 
 Feigley, Edward F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 Feldmann, D. Raymond (Ser- 
 geant — Army), Baltimore. 
 Felter, John (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Fenwick, Thomas N. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hyattsville, Md. 
 
APPE2SnDIX. 
 
 183 
 
 Fersnison, Meredith (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Fields, Daniel, Jr. (Private — 
 
 Army), Federalsburg, Md. 
 Fields, John L. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Elingston Station, Md. 
 Firor, Carl L. (Private — ^Army) , 
 
 Sabaiasville, Md. 
 Firor, Paul L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Sabillasville, Md. 
 Fisher, Charles W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Fiske, George R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Linkwood, Md. 
 Flaig, Joseph W. (Plumber — 
 
 Navy), iBaltimore. 
 Flatters, John .R. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Grace City, Md. 
 Flechtner, George A. (First 
 
 Lieutenant — 'Army), Balti- 
 more. 
 Fleisehman, Frank F. (Private 
 
 Army), Back River, Md. 
 Fleming, William McKnutt — 
 
 (Joldsboro, Md. 
 Fletcher, Edward (Private — 
 
 Army) , Beltsville, Md. 
 Flood, James E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Relay, Md. 
 Flynn, Frank J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Fobs, Alfred W. (Private— 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Foltz, Robert H. — Hagerstown, 
 
 Md. 
 Fooks, Levin (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Berlin, Md. 
 Ford, Joseph H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Landover, Md. 
 Ford, Lewis T. (Private — 
 
 Army), Shady Side, Md. 
 Forrest, Henry E. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Forsythe, Joseph A. (Corporal) 
 
 — Clearspring, Md. 
 Forester, Louis G. (Engineer — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Foster, Charles N. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Fox, Miltpn 0. (Army), Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Fox, Orestus Samuel (Private — 
 Army) , Keymar, Md. 
 
 Fozenbaker, Thomas (Private — 
 Army) , Lonaconing, Md. 
 
 Fraley, William E. (Lieutenant 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Fraley, W. T.— Catoctin Fur- 
 nace, Md. 
 
 Frampton, Howard (Private — 
 Army), Easton, Md. 
 
 Frank, Wilbur H. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Frankforter, George Paul (Cor- 
 poral — A r m y) , Manchester, 
 Md. 
 
 Frantum, Earl (Priv^e — 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 
 Frantz, Harry T. (Private — 
 Army), Lutherville, Md. 
 
 Frazier, Thomas W. (Private — 
 Army), East^jort, Md. 
 
 Frederick, Elmer C. (Private — 
 Army), Cockeysville, Md. 
 
 Frederick, Robert B. (Corporal 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Frey, John — Allegany county. 
 
 Fricker, Luther P. (Corporal — 
 ATmy), Baltimore. 
 
 Friend, Owen Foster (Private — 
 Army), Friendsville, Md. 
 
 Frizzell, J. W., Jr. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Frock, Howard (Private — 
 Army) , Tanejrtown, Md. 
 
 Frock, Maurice E. (Private — 
 Marine Corps), Hagerstown, 
 Md. 
 
 Frye, John (Private — Army), 
 Lonaconing, Md. 
 
 Fuchs, John H. (Bugler — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Fulmer, Monte J. (Corporal — 
 Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Fyle, James P. F. — Ferryman, 
 Md. 
 
 GaflFney, Albert L. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Gale, Clarence (Lieutenant — 
 Navy) , Anne Arundel county. 
 
 Ganster, John (Ensign — Navy), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Gardina, Vincent (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Gardner, Martin E. (Sergeant — 
 Army), Sharpsburg, Md. 
 
 Garner, Basil E. (Private — 
 Army), Shady Side, Md. 
 
 Gamer, Harvey E. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Gamer, William, Anne Arun- 
 del county. 
 
184 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTEKS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Garrish, Frank T. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Williamsport, Md. 
 Gast, Oscar L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Brooklyn, Md. 
 Gelmcks, Charles E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Emmitsburg, Md. 
 Goejenskio-wski, Broniistan (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Baltimore. 
 Gersuk, Jacob (Private — Army) , 
 
 Arlingfton, Md. 
 Gibson James F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Gillen, Joihn J. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), BiaJtimore. 
 Glantz, Gteorgo R. (Private — 
 
 Marine Corps) , Hamilton, Md. 
 Glenn, Leslie Paret (Private — 
 
 Army), High Point, Md. 
 Glock, Harry J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Glotfelty, Robert R. (Private- 
 Army), Accident, Md. 
 Gohr, 0. M. (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Goldberg, Isador (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Goldbery, Isidore (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Golioday, John M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Goodnow, Raymond (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Gorman, Thornton, Paris, Md. 
 Gottlieb, Joseph (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Graham, Baisil (Private — 
 
 Army), Dixson, Md. 
 Graham, WUbur E. (Corporal — 
 
 Woodsboro, Md. 
 Grahiam, William A. (Private 
 
 — 'Army), Baltimore. 
 Grail, Thomas G. (Private — 
 
 Army), BalWmiore. 
 Granger, James H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Gray, Prank (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Gray, Thomas H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Elliott, Md. 
 Green, Albert G. (Private — 
 
 Army), Annapolis, Md. 
 Green, Charles H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 Green, Walter H. (Corporal^ — 
 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 Grey, David I. (Corporal — 
 
 Army)', Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Gross, Robert H. (Cook — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Gulbrandsen, Erling E. (Private 
 
 — ^Marine Corps) , Baltimore. 
 Guinn, Thomas H. (Private — 
 
 Armj), Balttmore. 
 Gunther, Henry N. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Gellner, Justus B. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Gildart, Robert C. (Lieutenant- 
 Colonel — Army) , Annaiwlis, 
 
 Md. 
 (roddard, Benjamin H. (Wag- 
 oner — Army), Beauvue, Md. 
 Gollery, Francis R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Goodniow, Edward (Private — 
 
 Army) , North East, Md. 
 Graham., Adtolphus (Private — 
 
 Army), Diekerson, Md. 
 Graham, Thomias B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Griffith, Maryland Virginia 
 
 ( Private — Army) ,Basic City, 
 
 Va. 
 Grill, George E. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Woodlawn, Md. 
 Guard, John Scott (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Grogan, Carroll R. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Groh, Herbert Elmer (Machin- 
 ist's Mate — Army) , Pasadena, 
 
 Md. 
 
 H 
 
 Hager, John, Chespake Oity, Md. 
 Hahn, H. H., Ringgold, Md. 
 HaJhn, Martin Luther (Private 
 
 — Army), Taneytown, Md. 
 Hahn, Roy W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Mount Airy, Md. 
 Hall, Robert E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Eastport, Md. 
 Haller, Norman C, Brunswick, 
 
 Md. 
 
 Halpert, Samuel (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Hambury, James C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Wetipquin, Md. 
 Hammers, Joseph B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Westemport, Md. 
 Hammerbaoher, Charles (iCor- 
 
 poral — Army) , Baltimore. 
 Hammond, Charles — Walstons, 
 
 Md. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 185 
 
 Harden, Raymond M. (Private 
 
 — Army), Easton, Md. 
 Harvey, Charles L. Oakland, 
 
 Md. 
 Healy, James L. (Privafte — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kitchens, Lawrence G. R. (Sea- 
 man — Navy), Fiostburg, Md. 
 Hooper, Parr (Lieutenant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Hughes, Eldrddge (Private — 
 
 Army), Vienna, Md. 
 Hancock, Alma W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Snow Hill, Md. 
 Handy, Herman F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 Hanlon, Josepji T. (Lieutenant 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Hann, AJvin Fairbanks, Catons- 
 
 ville, Md. 
 Hanna, Albert J., Whitehall, Md. 
 Harden, Charles, Wa^ington 
 
 county. 
 Harding, James (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 Hargett, Earleston L. (Lieuten- 
 ant — ^Army), Frederick, Md. 
 Hargraves, Benjamin, North 
 
 East, Md. 
 Harlan, Ben, (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimiore. 
 Harper, Earl J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Brunsiwick, Md. 
 Harper, James F. (Mechanic — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Harper, Lloyd (Private — 
 
 Army), Brunswick, Md. 
 Harrer, Oharies P. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Harriman, Howard Joseph (Mu- 
 sician — Navy), Baltimore. 
 Harris, Howard (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Harris, * Isadore (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Harris, Julius A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Harrison, Ellis R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Woodbine, Md., Route 
 
 3. 
 Harrison, Lawrence (Private — ■ 
 
 Army) , St. Michaels, Md. 
 Hart, Edwin S. (Private — 
 
 Army), Colgate, Md. 
 Hart, Henry W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberi,and, Md. 
 Hartman, Adam, Jr. (Corporal 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Hartman, Allen S. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Cavetown, Md. 
 Hartman, Jacob L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Hartman, Lloyd J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Mt. Savage, Md. 
 Hartman, Milton E. (Sergeant 
 
 —Army), Suitland, Md. 
 Hasky, George (Navy), Balti- 
 more. 
 Hass, Jos. (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Hauck, Bernard T. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Hauck, John C. (Private^ 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Haughey, Frank J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Hawkins, Thomas E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Tippett, Md. 
 Hawley, Oharies J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Pealbody, Md. 
 Hayman, John W, (Private — 
 
 Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 Heaps , Charles (Private — 
 
 Army), Cardiff, Md. 
 Heaps, Charles H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Heard, Louiis F. (Wagoner — 
 
 Army), Leonardtown, Md. 
 Heard, Rudolph (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Heavener, William W. (Private 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Hebron, Ch!arles (Private — 
 
 Army), Andover, Md. 
 Hebron, Oharies F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Hedges, Harvey L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Walkersville, Md. 
 Heiber, Roy Ellsw'orth (Seaman 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Heimiller, Robert E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Havre de (irace, Md. 
 Heinburk, Francis F. (Corporal 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Heller, Henry K. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Heltger, Arthur E. (Mechanic 
 
 — .Army), Gardenville, Md. 
 Heltzel, Robert M. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Henderson, Oharies W. (Cor- 
 poral — Army), Baltimore. 
 Henderson, F. N. (Captain — 
 
 Army), RockviUe, Md. 
 Henderson, John M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
186 I.IAKYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Henderson, Joseph (Private — Holland, Stockett Lee (Navy),. 
 
 Army), Baltiinore. Baltimore. 
 
 Henderson, William W. (Private Holland, Waldon (Private — 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. Army), Preston, Md. 
 
 Henkleman, Walter (Private — Hollman, Joseph (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Herbert, Thomas J. (Gunner's Holly, Dory T. (Private — ■ 
 
 Ma*e — ^Navy) , Baltimore. Army) , Wellham Station, Md. 
 
 Herpel, 3<Ain G. (Sergeant — Holmes, Charles J. (Boatswain 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Hesterberg, Martin E. (Private Holmes, Frank (Private — 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. Army), Laurel, Md. 
 
 Hes'son, Baymond L. (Corporal Holzen, Charles B. (Corporal — 
 
 — ^Army), Taneytown, Md. Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Hevelow, Eugene R. (Private — Hood, Charles (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Army), Chesapeake City, Md. Norbeck, Md. 
 
 Heywood, Carroll (Fireman — Hooper, William S. (Private — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. Army), Smithsburg, Md. 
 
 Hibbitts, Joseph L. (Corporal — Hoover, John H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Hicks, Charles (Private — Hornung, John K. (Private — 
 
 Army), Snow Hill, Md. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Hicks, Ernest (Private — ^Army), Horstman, Paul F. (Private— 
 
 Dickerson, Md. Marine Corps), Glembumie, 
 
 Hill, Charges C. (Sergeanln- Md. 
 
 Army), Govans, Md. Hosier, Clarence H. (Corporal — 
 
 Hill, George E. (Private — Army), Mardela Springs, Md. 
 
 Army), Salisbury, Md. Hossbaeh, Joseph. A. (Private — 
 
 Hill, Gilbert (Private — ^Aimy), Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Parkton, Md. Houck, Bernard T. (Corporal — 
 
 Hill, HenTy (Private-^Army), Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Baltimore. House, Charles Wood (First 
 
 Hill, Isaac, Olivet, Md. Lieutenant — Army), Balti- 
 
 Hill William, H. (Sergeant — more. 
 
 Army)-, Baltimore. Houston, Claude E., Baltimore. 
 
 Hillger, Arthur F. (Mechanic — Houston, Samuel Hianes (Major 
 
 Army), Gafdtenville, Md. — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Hitchcock, Albert M. (Private — Howard, Rev. A. T. (Chaplain — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Rockville, Md. 
 Hively, William J. (Private— Howard, Clarence G. (Private- 
 Army) , Westminster, Md. Army) , Baltimore. 
 Hoen, Heaufori; (Private — Howard, David R. (Private 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Hoffman, Fred (Private — Howard, Earl B. (Private 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Secretary, Md. 
 Hoffman John L. (Corporal— Howard, George A. (Wagoner- 
 Army), Middletown, Md. Army), Baltimore. 
 Hoffman Roy L. (Corporal— Howard. Leonard J. (Corporal- 
 Army), Middletown, Md. Army), East New Market,. 
 Hogians, Walter T. (Private — Md. 
 
 Army), Georgetown, Md. Howard, Lester William (Pri- 
 
 Hohl, Charles (Private— vate— Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Howard, Paul, Hebron, Md. 
 
 Hohman Joseph (Private — How^, Charles C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Churchton, Md. 
 
 Holenberry, Glenn, A. (Private Hoxter, Raymond C. (Corporal 
 
 TT";7^'^?^'^?i*^^^®- —Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Holfca, Max (Private— Army), Huber, Edward A. (Private 
 
 Baltimore. Army), Raspeburg, Md. 
 
APPENDIX. 187 
 
 Hudson, EMsha C. (Corporal — Huntemann, Charles P. (Lieu- 
 Army), Bishopville, Md. tenant — Army), Mt. Banler, 
 
 Hudson, Francis E. (Private — Md. 
 
 Army), Bishop, Md. Hunter, Robert L. (Sergeant — 
 
 Hughes, Fred R. P. (Navy), Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Rossville, Md. Hunting, Warren B. (Lieuten- 
 
 Hughes, Herman L. (Corporal — ant — ^Army), Bialtimore. 
 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. Hupka, Charles A. (Private — 
 
 Hulbert, Henry L. (Lieutenant Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 — Marine Corps) , Halethorpe, Hurlook, Milton W., Denton, Md. 
 
 Md. Huson, Frank T. (Yoeman — 
 
 Hull, L. (Private — Army), Sil- Navy), Baltimore, 
 
 ver Spring, Md. Huston, William D. (Private — 
 
 Hungerford, Joseph Dent (Cap- Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 
 tain — Army), Marshall Hall, Hyland, William E. (Private — 
 
 Md. Army), Belair, Md. 
 
 Hunt, William (Private — Hynison, Henry P., Jr. (Ensign 
 
 Army), Ashland, Md. — Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Iglehart, Norman H. (Private — Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Army), Beltsville, Md. Irvin, Edmund, (Private - 
 
 Ikena, John C. (Private — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Itnyre, Abner W. (Private- 
 
 lUian, Charles (Sergeant — Army) , Hagerstown. Md. 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Ivens, Thomas B. (Private- 
 
 Ingram, Herbert A. (Private — Army), Worton, Md. 
 
 Jackson, Alexander (Private — Jenifer, Richard (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Jackson, Arthur (Private — Jenkins, Thomas J. (Private — 
 Army), La Plata, Md. Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 
 Jackson, Harry H. (Lieutenant Jervis, George S. (Sergeant — 
 — Army), Easton, Md. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Jackson, H. J. (Lieutenant — Johnson, Daniel, Shady Side, 
 Army), Baltimore. Md. 
 
 Jackson, James L. (Private — Johnson, George H. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Frederick, Md. 
 
 Jackson, James A. (Private — Johnson, Joseph P. (Wagoner — 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Jackson, Joshua (Private — JeJhnson, Philip (Private — 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. Army), Pine Orchard, Md. 
 
 Jagodzinski, Felix (Private — Johnson, Wesley (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 James, John L. (Private — Johnson, William P. (Private— 
 Army), Columbia, Md. Army), Toddville, Md. 
 
 Janeway, Theodore C. (Army), Johnson, William M. (Sergeant 
 Baltimore. —Army), Bethes'da, Md. 
 
 Janowski, Frank J. (Private— Johnson, William W. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Gamibrills, Md. 
 
 Jaskolski, Frank J. (Navy), Jones, Alfred H. (Cook — 
 Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Jeflferson, J. C. (Lieutenant— Jones, Beverly Franklin (Sea- 
 Army), Elktom, Md. man— Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Jeffries, Thomas L. (Private — Jones, Chester A. (Private — 
 —Army), Baltimore. Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 
188 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Jones, Grandville R. (Captain — Jourden, Charles T. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Whiteside, Md. 
 
 Jones, Henry R. (Corporal — Jubb, James E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Jones, BWbert, Congress Heights, Juenst, Ernest Nichols (Private 
 
 Md. — Anny), Baltimore. 
 
 K 
 
 Kahmer, Louis P. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kaidel, Harry M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimiore. 
 Kaiser, Henry (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kaiser, John R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kalinski, John (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kaminski, James W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kantowski, Adam (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Katz, George S. (Private — 
 
 Army), BaMamore. 
 Katz, Zadoc M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kavanauigh, Martin P. (Private 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Keating, William J. (Captain — 
 
 . Army) , Baltimore. 
 Keeoh, Eugene V. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Keenan, Edward N. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kielholtz, William A. (Private 
 
 — Army), B'altimore. 
 Keithley, Lawrence H. (Private 
 
 — Army), Belair, Md. 
 Kelley, Charles E. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Cumberland, Md. 
 Kelley, Earl C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Elbton, Md. 
 Kelley, Harry H. (Private -- 
 
 Arm-y), Phoenix, Md. 
 Kelley, Millard F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Kelley, Thomas (Private — Cana- 
 dian Royal Air Force), Cum- 
 berland, Md. 
 Kelley, William (Wagoner — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kelly, Edward J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kelly, James M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kemj), Benjamin (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kennelly, John G. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Kent, Benjamin (Private — 
 
 Army), Huntington, Md. 
 Kent, Edgar A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kerns, Eugene J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Kitzmiller, Md. 
 Kerns, Eugene L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kern, Fred (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Cambridge, Md. 
 Kielholtz, William A. (Private 
 
 . — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Kifer, Jesse W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Barton, Md. 
 Kildow, Percy P. (Corporal — 
 
 Marine Corps), Oakland, Md. 
 Kdmiball, Joseph W., Jr. (Pri- 
 vate — Canadian Expedition- 
 ary Forces), Govans, Md. 
 King, William C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Frederick, Md. 
 Kinnear, Russell M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Klein, Ferdinand A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Klein, Henry Charles (Coxswain 
 
 — Navy), Baltimore. 
 Klepper, Charles F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 KHma, James J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kline, George (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Westernport, Md. 
 Kline, Robert C, Mapleville, Md. 
 Kline, William H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Kling, Henry L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Klingelhcrfer, Howard Lumsden 
 (Sergeant — Army), TowBon, 
 
 Md. 
 Klitoh, Alexander H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Knight, Alonzo (Private — 
 
 Army), White Marsh, Md. 
 Knight, Arthur (Private — 
 
 Army), Bradshaw, Md. 
 Knowles, Miriam (Nurse — 
 
 Army), Yardley, Pa. 
 Koehler, Lotiiis H. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
APPENDIX. 189 
 
 Koerner, Francis X. (Priviate— Kroh, Willdam Herman (Ser- 
 Ariny), Baltimore. geant — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Koerner, William (Private — Krucuk, Daniel (Private — 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. Army), Sparrows Point, Md. 
 
 Kohl, Andrew F. (Private — Knihm, William (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Kioogle, David F. (Private — Kuhber, Joseph E. (Private — 
 Army), Middletown, Md. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Kosinski, J. C. (Seaman — Kuhl, Harry L. (Private — 
 Navy), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Kramer, Charles R. (Private— Kutehern, Frank J. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Curtis Bay, Md. 
 
 Kramer, Clarence W. (Private ^ewi, Wilham C. (Seaman — 
 -Army), Baltimore. Navy), Baltmiore. 
 
 Kramer, Edwin W. (Private— ^^p^', ^enry (Fireman — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. ir ^^'^V' ^^'*%^*'--ri. 
 
 Kramer, John W. (Private - ^^^l'^®^' ^^ T., Thurmont, 
 
 K-.t^''Vi^t^^''^''^\Tx^-™i^ Kling^lhoefer, Charles Henry 
 Kraut, Elmer W. (Private— (Warrant Officer - Navy), 
 
 Army), White Hall, Md. Baltimore 
 
 Krautblatter, George (Private gritt, Hariy A. (Private — 
 
 —Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Krengel, Edgar R. (Corporal— Kudlacek, John (Corporal — 
 
 Army), (5ovans, Md. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Laidarman, Joseph (Private — Latowski, Joseph A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Lake, Milton J. (CoiipoTal — Law, John Henry (Private — 
 
 Army), Ilchester, Md. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Laken, James H. (Sergeant — Lawrence, (Jeorge R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Lambert, James E. (Private— Layfield, John E. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. Army) , Fruitland, Md. 
 
 Lambert, John H. (Pravate— Layman, Stanley (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 
 Landers, Robert B. (Sergeant— Leaj Albert (Private—Aimy), 
 
 Army), Hagerstown. Baltimore. 
 
 Landrum, Franklin Addison Lea^ Melvin (Private — 
 
 (Private— Army), Baltimore. Army), Vale Summit, Md. 
 
 Lane, Harold C. (Private— Lee C. (Doctor) (Sergeant- 
 
 Aimy) Baltimore Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Lang, John H. (Private — Lee, Columbus (Private — 
 
 Army), HighJandtown, Md. ^ y Baltimore. 
 
 '^^y^^ltiiore^^'^^^'^ " I^ T^-s^-n (Fireman 
 
 Lankford Charies A. (Wagoner ^ ^^^-I'-^^^'^'^fl+^A^^^ 
 
 -Army), Crisfield, Md. ^ef' Wilham ( Pmvate-Army) , 
 
 Lantz, Ji^ih T. Private _ _ Uppe"- Marlboro, ^ 
 
 Aniy), Arlington, Md. Leeland,F.( Private— Canadian 
 
 Lansing, Orion (Private— Anny), Upper Cross Roads, 
 Army), Maryland Line, Md. Md. 
 
 Larfcin; William L. (Private- Lehman, Max F. (Sergeant- 
 Army), BaJtimore. ^ Army), AnnvaUe, Pa 
 
 Lames, Basil E., Shady Side, Leiderman, Joseph (Private— 
 jj^ Army), BaJtimore. 
 
 Larramore, Perry (Private— Lenhart, Harry K. (Private- 
 Army), Bar Neck, Md. (Army), Germantown, Md. 
 
190 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Leonard, Bernard E. (Corporal 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Leonard, Roscoe C, Cambridge, 
 
 Md. 
 Lesoallette, Jesse S. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Lewis, Gaither L. (Privajte — 
 
 Army), Smithsburg, Md. 
 Lewis, George H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Berlin, Md. 
 Lewis, -James E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Lewis, William. A. (Bugler — 
 
 Army), Frosfburg, Md. 
 Lightfoot, J. Howard, Allegany 
 
 county. 
 Liller, Guy P. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Lindemon, Joihn C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cockeysville, Md. 
 Lindsay, Howard A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hancock, Md. 
 Lindsay, John H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Silver iSpring, Md. 
 Link, George E., Jr. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Link, Howard W. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Halethorpe, Md. 
 Linthdcum, Charles G. (Private 
 
 — Army), Clarksburg, Md. 
 Linzey, William M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Easpeburg, Md. 
 Lippman, Milton M. (Sergeant 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Little, John D. (Private — 
 
 Army), Oakland, Md. 
 Little, Paul Lloyd, Carroll 
 
 county. 
 Livingston, Ernest (Private- 
 Army), Pruitland, Md. 
 Livingston, William D. (Private 
 
 — Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 Lohr, Grover C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Swanton, Md. 
 Long, George G. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Long, James (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Cockeysville, Md. 
 
 Long, Kenneth B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Westminster, Md. 
 Long, Norman E. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), California, Md. 
 Lewin, Baymoad Gardner (Pri- 
 vate — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Lilley, Clarence E. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Lewis, ^Meredith B. (Second 
 
 Lieutenant — Royal Air 
 
 Force), Baltimore. 
 Linderbom, Alex (Private — 
 
 Army) , East Brooklyn, Md. 
 Livingston, Calin (Private — 
 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 Lertz, Jacob A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Lore, Arick L. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Solomons, Md. 
 Louis, Edwin Anthony (Eimign 
 
 — Navy), Baltimore. 
 Love, James P. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 Lowe, Walter P. (Private — 
 
 Army), Overlea, Md. 
 Lowenistein, Aaron M. (Private 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Lowman, Dewy Nicholson (Fire- 
 man — Navy), Leedsville, Md. 
 Lowndes, Andrew J. (Captain 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Luckan, Charles (Seaman — 
 
 Navy), Balitimore. 
 Ludwig, James C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Luhrman, Bemhard N. (Private 
 
 — Army) , Cumberland, Md. 
 Luik, Walter (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Beifcterton, Md. 
 Lundy, James L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Lutwyehe, Walter W. (Private 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Lutz, Martin Luther (Private- 
 Army), Middletown, Md. 
 Lyles, Ralph (Private — Army), 
 
 Monrovia, Md. 
 Lynch, Baltimore. 
 
 M 
 
 Macatee, Samuel A. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Machilik, A. (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Mackessy, Thomas L. (Private 
 
 — ^ATmy) , Baltimore. 
 Mahan, Ellis P. (Sergeant — 
 
 Airmy), Elkton, Md. 
 Mahool, George F. (Captain — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Majors, William G. (Private — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Malone, Stanley — ^AUen, Md. 
 
 Manley, George H. (Navy) , Bal- 
 timore. 
 
 Marks, William D. (Private — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 191 
 
 Marquard, Arthur (Private — 
 
 Army), Hamilton, Md. 
 Marquess, William (Private — 
 
 Army), Sunderland, Md. 
 Marsh, John K. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Marshall, Winfred (Private — 
 
 Army), Severn, Md. 
 Martin, Archie — Salisbury, Md. 
 Martin, Frank M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Belair, Md. 
 Martin, John E. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Martin, Eoland W. — Monrovia, 
 
 Md. 
 'Martin, Wilson Hugh (Private 
 
 — Army), Snow Hill, Md. 
 Marvel. Martin J. (Private — 
 
 Armj' ; , Easton, Md. 
 Marx, L. ( Private — A r m y) , 
 
 Gardenville, Md. 
 Mast, Sebastian A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Mathews, Elsworth Eden (Pri- 
 vate-Army) , Cumberland, Md. 
 Mathis, Robert E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Matronech, Daniel (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Matthews, Wallace (Private — 
 
 Army) , Cambridge, Md. 
 Matthews, William S. (Private 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Maxwell, Essel M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Lanham, Md. 
 Maxwell, William T. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 McAllister, George W. (Private 
 
 — ^Aimy), Hagerstown, Md. 
 McAlpine, James N. (Private — 
 
 Army), Gilmore, Md. 
 McCarthy, Edgar J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 McCarty, John (Lieutenant — 
 
 Army), Riderwood, Md. 
 McCausland, Clarence (Civilian, 
 
 Draftsman), Berwyn, Md. 
 McClintock, Alexander H. (Cor- 
 poral — ^Army) , Baltimore. 
 McCollister, George E. (Private 
 
 — Army), Annapolis, Md. 
 McCollister, George M. (Corpo- 
 ral — Army), Annapolis, Md. 
 McCormick, Joseph (Bugler — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 McCoy, John H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 McCoy, John P. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 McDonnell, John (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 McDonogh, John (Captain — 
 Army), Beach Grove, Ind. 
 
 McElderry, Augustus Bradford 
 ( Lieutenant — Army) , Balti- 
 more. 
 
 McGee, Matthew B. (Corporal — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 McCJee, Paul (Private — Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 McGolerick, Judge (Private — 
 Army), Point of Rocks, Md. 
 
 McHenry, John (First Lieuten- 
 ant — Marine Corps) , Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Mcllhenny, George V. (Corporal 
 — Marine Corps), Baltimore. 
 
 Mcllhenny, John E. (Private — 
 Marine Corps), Baltimore. 
 
 Mclntyre, Bernard J. (Corpo- 
 ral — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Mclntyre, David N. (Private — 
 Army) , Swanton, Md. 
 
 McKee, John A. (Private — 
 Army) , Cardiff, Md. 
 
 McKee, John T. (Corporal — 
 Army) , Granite, Md. 
 
 McKenna, James F. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 McKenty, James N. (Private — 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 
 McKenzie, James L. (Private — 
 Army) , Gilmore, Md. 
 
 McKenzie, Oliver H. (Private — 
 Army) , Oella, Md. 
 
 McKenzie, Robert K. (Private — 
 Army), Roland Park, Md. 
 
 McKenzie, William A. (Private 
 —Army). Roland Park, Md. 
 
 McKibbin, James Malcolm (Cap- 
 tain-Army) , Hafferstown, Md. 
 
 McLain, Robert C. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 McLaughlin, Stephen O. (Pri- 
 vate — Army). Baltimore. 
 
 McLemon, John (Trumpeter — 
 Marine Corps), Baltimore. 
 
 McNally, Frank T. (Private- 
 Marine Corps), Brunswick, 
 Md. 
 
 McNeal, Albert (Mechanic- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 McSherry, Cyprian (Captain- 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Mead, Albert (Private— AlTny), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Meekins, Herbert (Private — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
192 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Mehlhorn, Herman (Corpflral — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Mehring, John A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Mercer, George (Private — 
 
 Army), St. Augustinee, Md. 
 Mercer, Jacob (Private — Army), 
 
 Frederick, Md. 
 Meredith, Alvin S. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Federalsburg, Md. 
 Meredith, Ferguson R. (Private 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Meredith, George E. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Cambridge, Md. 
 Mergler, W. D. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Merkel, Lawrence (Fireman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Merryman, John A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Highlandtown. 
 Meyers, Mannes (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Mezzanotte, Nicholas (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Michael, Austin G. — Washington 
 
 county. 
 Michael, Charles R. — Allegany 
 
 county. 
 Micheau, Grace Bell (Nurse — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Milhiser, HIarry ( P r i v a t e — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 MilhoUand, John E. (Cook — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Millard — Mason Springs, Md. 
 Miller, Albert J. (Corporal — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Miller, Frank Monroe — ^Carroll 
 
 county. 
 Miller, Harry (Private — Army), 
 
 Chestnut Ridge, Md. 
 Miller, John (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Miller, John W. (Private- 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Miller, Lawrence B. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Mt. Savage, Md. 
 Millhouse, Samuel — Hagerstown, 
 
 Md. 
 Minton, Charles J. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Mitchell, Harry W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Whaleyville, Md. 
 Mitchell, John (Private — 
 
 Army), Stanton, Md. 
 Mitchell, William E. (Quarter- 
 master — ^Navy) , Baltimore. 
 Mitsko, Anthony J. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Mohr, Charles H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Glenarm, Md. 
 Mooney, Leo E. (Yeoman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Moore, Kenny J. (Privat e — 
 
 Axmy), Salisbury, Md. 
 Moore, Thomas R. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 Moran, Thomas (Private — 
 
 Army) ,. Baltimore. 
 Moreland, Henry M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Morgan, Henry L. (Lieutenant 
 
 — ^Array) , Baltimore. 
 Morningstar, George S. (Pri- 
 vate — Marine Corps), Balti- 
 more. 
 Morris, Isaac (Sergeant — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Morris, John R. (Privat e — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Morrison, George L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Morrow, Thomas C. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Moss, Marie A. (Nurse — lArmy), 
 
 Govans, Md. 
 Moultey, James E. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Mowbray, Charles B. (Lieuten- 
 ant — Army) , Federalsburg, 
 
 Md. 
 Mroz, Stanislaw (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Muchanko, Michael (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Mudge, James E. (Private — 
 
 Awny), Cumberland, Md. 
 Muir, J. Allison, Jr. (Seaman — 
 
 Navy), Roland Park, Balti- 
 more. 
 Muir, John Talmadge (Second 
 
 Lieutenant — Army), Balti- 
 more. 
 Mulcrone, James C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Mulherin, Win A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Limestone, Md. 
 Mullen, Bernard A. (Private—; 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Murphy, Benjamin H. (Private 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Murphy, James (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Woodlawn, Md. 
 Murphy, William M. (Private — 
 
 Army) ., Baltimore. 
 Murray, Edward A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 193 
 
 Murray, Joseph D. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Murray, Joseph L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Myers, Charles L. (Private — 
 
 Aimy), Baltimore. 
 Myers, Charles T. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Myers, Earl (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Myers, Fulton J. — Allegany 
 
 county. 
 Myers, Harry J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Manchester, Md. 
 Myers, Irvin ¥^ (Private — 
 
 Army) , Westminster, Md. 
 Myers, Loy C. (Private — Army) , 
 
 Taneytown, Md. 
 
 Myers, Roscoe, Allegany county. 
 
 Mason, George (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Mason, Harry (Private — ^Army), 
 The Rocks. 
 
 Marshall, Webb (Private — 
 Army) , Cambridge, Md. 
 
 McCarthy, John Patrick (Sec- 
 ond Lieutenant — ^Army), Bal- 
 timore. 
 
 MoUman, James Rudolph ( Pri- 
 vate — lArmy), Elkridge, Md. 
 
 Moore, Joseph L. (Private — 
 Army), Williamsport, Md. 
 
 Moore, Eifenger F. (Private — 
 Army) , Crapo, Md. 
 
 Morwood, William F. (Private 
 — Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 N 
 
 Nagengast, Frank (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Nashold, Walter M. (Private- 
 Army), Greensboro, Md. 
 
 Naumann, Julius (Private — 
 Anny) , Baltimore. 
 
 Naylor, Levi T. (Private- 
 Army), Cockeysville, Md. 
 
 Nee, Thomas J. (Private — 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Newcomer, James B. (Sergeant 
 — Army), Halfway, Md. 
 
 Nichols, John H. (Private — 
 Army) , Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Nicholson, John W. (Private- 
 
 Army) , Derwood, Md. 
 Nillihallen, John L. ^Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Nock, Ivan (Grenadier — French 
 
 Foreign Legion), Baltimore. 
 Nograpski, Steph^i P. (Private 
 
 — lArmy), Baltimore. 
 Norris, John F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Great Mills, Md. 
 Nowack, William F. (PWvate — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Nuedling, Leo J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Higlandtown. 
 Nasemore, Charles Herbert 
 
 (Private — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Ober, Robert (Lieutenant — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Oden'hal, Nathan O. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 O'Donnell, Harry (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 O'Donnell, William B. (Private 
 — Army), Clarksville, Md. 
 
 Oettinger, David (Lieutenant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Offer, Nathaniel (Private- 
 Army), Churchton, Md. 
 
 O'Hare, Reginald Eugene (En- 
 sign—Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Ohler, Vernon (Private— 'Army), 
 Emmitsburg, Md. 
 
 O'Leary, Timothy (Corporal- 
 Army) , Luke, Md. 
 
 Oliver, Arthur (Private — 
 
 Army), Dentsville, Md. 
 
 O'Malley, Thomas (Sergeant — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 O'Melia, John B. (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Orendorf, William W. (Bugler 
 — Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Osborne, Edward R. (Private- 
 Army), Belair, Md. 
 
 Osborne, Thomas J. (Private — 
 Army) , Lower Marlboro, Md. 
 
 Ostrowski, Walter fi. (Corporal 
 — ^Army), Halethorpe, Md. 
 
 Owings, Samuel D. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Omdia, Randolph (Private — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Owens, Leroy (Private— Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
194 
 
 MARYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Padgett, George (P r i v a t e — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Page, George R. (Lieutenant — 
 Army), Hamilton, Md. 
 
 Parker, Charles F. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Parker, H. V. (Private — Army), 
 Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Parker, Isaac (Private — Atmy), 
 Mitchellville, Md. 
 
 Parker, John (Private — Army), 
 Glenburnie, Md. 
 
 Parker, Joshua W. (Private — 
 Army) , Parsonsburg, Md. 
 
 Parker, Wayman (P r i v a t e — 
 Army), Chestertown, Md. 
 
 Parlett, Oarleton M. (Lieuten- 
 ant — Army), Annapolis, Md. 
 
 Parlette, Guy C. (Lieutenant — 
 Army), Millersville, Md. 
 
 Parrish, Elick (Private — 
 
 - Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Parrott, Harper Benson (Fire- 
 man — ^Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Parsons, Charles — Salisbury, 
 Wicomico county. 
 
 Pasfcowsfci, Edward Joseph 
 (Private — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Fatliiision, William M. (Lieuten- 
 ant — iArmy) , Roland Park, 
 Md. 
 
 Patto.n, Albert M. G. (Private — 
 Army), Govans, Md. 
 
 Pearson, Edwin C. (Private — 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 
 Pennock, Edgar N. (Private — 
 Army), Bialtimore. 
 
 Pemiz, John (Private — lArmy), 
 Sparrows Point, Md. 
 
 Perry, Joseph H. (Private — 
 Army), Radgely, Md. 
 
 Peters, Henry A. (Private — 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 
 Peters, Louis E. (Private — 
 Army) , Conowingo, Md. 
 
 Petty, Ohari«B A. (Private — 
 Army), Bowling Green, Md. 
 
 Peterson, Phineas A. (Private — 
 Army), Elfcton, Md. 
 
 Pilkerton, James A. (Private — 
 Army). 
 
 Peugnet, Charles P. E. (Major 
 — ^Army), Adamstown, Md. 
 
 Pfaff, Harry John, Jr. (Lieuten- 
 ant — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Pfeflfer, Artihur W. (Private- 
 Army), Highlandtown, Md. 
 
 Phelps, Carl Penrose (Private — 
 Army), Street, Md. 
 
 Phillips, Charles M., Jr. (Pri- 
 vate — ^Army), Hurlock, Md. 
 
 Phillips, Otto C. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Pieha, Jerry G. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Pilkerton, James A. (Private — 
 Army), Mechanicsville, Md. 
 
 Piner, Fletcher (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Piper, Elmer Lewis (Sergeant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Pitcher, Ruban A. (Private — 
 Army) , Westminister, Md. 
 
 Pitsnogle, Daniel W. (Private — 
 Army) , Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Pitts Perry (Private — Army), 
 Chase, Md. 
 
 Piatt, Henry (Private — ^Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Piatt, Lucian (Second Lieuten- 
 ant — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Piatt, William D., Jr. (English 
 Red Cross), Baltimore. 
 
 Plessdnger, Elmer T. (Private — 
 Army), Hancock, Md. 
 
 Plummer, George, Jr. (Private 
 — ^Army), Bethesda, Md. 
 
 Polidoro, Philip (Private — 
 Army), Kitzmiller, Md. 
 
 Pomeroy, Robert Owens (Cor- 
 poral — ^Marine Corps), Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Ponton, Andrew J. (Private- 
 Army), Buckeystown, Md. 
 
 Poole. Clifford H. (Private- 
 Army) , Silver Spring, Md. 
 
 Popiaeke, Martin (Sergeant — 
 Army), Orangeville, Md. 
 
 Porter, Edward M. (Corporal — 
 Army) , Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Porter, Horace H. (Lieutenant 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Porter, Maurice E. (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Portner, Charles A. (Seaman — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Potter, Herman, Private — 
 Army), Cordova, Md. 
 
 Posey, Samuel (Private — 
 Army), Grayton, Md. 
 
 Potts, James Edgar (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Powell, Richard A. (Private — 
 Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 195 
 
 Powers, Clarence W. (Cook — 
 Army) , Keep Tryst, Md. 
 
 Prebezewski, Steven Kazmar 
 (Private — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Prettyman, Frederick W. (Pri- 
 vate — Army) , Cambridge, Md. 
 
 Price, Cornelia L. (Nurse — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Price, George S. (Private — 
 Army) , Phoenix, Md. 
 
 Price, Herbert Reginald (Sea- 
 man — iNavy), Balthnore. 
 
 Price, Norman B. (Private — 
 Army) , Olney, Md. 
 
 Price, Thomas E. (Gun Captain 
 — Navy), Ceatreville, Md. 
 
 Price, Willard T. (Private — 
 Army), Brooms Island, Md. 
 
 Prince, Edmund Howard (Lieu- 
 tenant — ^Army), Towson, Md. 
 
 Prissman, Samuel (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Provard, Joseph W. (Private — 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Pryor, Jeoffrey, Salisbury, Md. 
 
 Pryor, Jesse M. (Privaite — 
 Army), Thurmont, Md. 
 
 Przybylowski, Leonard (Private 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Pulham^ Charles A. (Navy), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Pulls, William H. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Roland Park, Md. 
 Purcell, Jo^hn Joseph (Private — 
 
 Army), Pylesville, Md. 
 Pusey, Frederick D. (Private — 
 
 Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 Pusse, William (Private — 
 
 Army), Denton, Md. 
 Putsohe, ThomiBS F. (Sergeant 
 
 — Army) , Baltimore. 
 Pyles, Richard A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Mount Rainier, Md. 
 Pappas, Harry, Baltimore. 
 Page, William H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Secretary, Md. 
 Pallidor, Philip Kitzmiller, Md. 
 Payne, Robert Kennert (Private 
 
 — 'Army), Baltimore. 
 Peters, Edward (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Poe, Jo'hn P., Jr. (British 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Powell, Earl Jerome (Yeoman — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Powell, Ellsworth D. (Wagoner 
 
 — ^Army), Crisfield, Md. 
 Pryle, Leo A. (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Vale Summit, Md. 
 Proctor, Basil Allan (Machin- 
 ist's Mate — Navy). 
 Purdy, Samuel (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Q 
 
 Quante, Jeffrey (Corporal — 
 Army), Hamilton, Md. 
 
 Quick, Asa Arnold (Canadian 
 Expeditionary Force) , Sharps- 
 town, Md. 
 
 Quick, RaJph Henry (Private — 
 Canadian Expeditionary 
 Force), Oak Grove, Md. 
 
 Quinn, Leonard Melville (Pri- 
 vate — 'Army), Frederick, Md. 
 
 Quirk, John Edward (Private — 
 British Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Quisenberry, James Francis 
 (First Lieutenant — Army), 
 Hyattsville, Md. 
 
 R 
 
 Rairick, Paul (Private — 
 Army), Eckhart Mines, Md. 
 
 Ramagnamo, John A. (Private 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Randall, Thomas E. (Private- 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Rappe, William H. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Ratcliff, Edd T. (Private — 
 Army), Kingsman, Md. 
 
 Eatke, John L. (Private — 
 Army) , Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Rauser, William G. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Ray, George T. (Recruit — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Rayne, Glenn (Private—Army), 
 
 Berlin, Md. 
 Read, Walter L. (Navy), Balti- 
 more. 
 Recee, Wharton J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Reeher, Gerald W., Washington 
 
 county. 
 Rechner, Henry J. C. (Corporal 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Reed, Stanley (Private— Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 
196 
 
 MAEYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR, 
 
 Kedwood, George Buchaiman 
 (Lieutenant — Army), Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Reel, Howell G. (Private — 
 Army), Sharpsburg, Md. 
 
 Reese, Wilbur J, (Priirate — 
 Army) .Baltimore. 
 
 Relfoold, Frederick Louis (Pri- 
 vate—Marine (Jorps) , Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Reichert, Frederick H. (Private 
 —Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reich, G. Edward (Sergeant- 
 Army), Catonsville, Md. 
 
 Reichner, Harry (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reid, Charles E. (Private — 
 Army) , Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Reid, Howell Lewis (Lieutenant 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reid, Theodore (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reid, William R. (Lieutenant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reif snider, Robert B. (Private 
 — ^Army), Smithburg, Md. 
 
 Rellly, George P., Jr. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reilly, William L. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reilly, W. P. (Private-^Army) , 
 Frederick, Md. 
 
 ReindoUar, Harry A. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Reinhardt, Joseph (Private — 
 Army), Savage, Md. 
 
 Renshaw, Herbert — Salisbury, 
 Md. 
 
 Reuter, Frederick J. (Private — 
 Army), Monkton, Md. 
 
 Revell, William E. (Sergeant — 
 Army), Eastport, Md. 
 
 Rice, Christian H. (Seamaij — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Richards, James Melville C. 
 (Captain— Army) . 
 
 Richards, Lloyd Edward — Car- 
 roll county. 
 
 Richardson, George E. (Corpo- 
 ral — Army) , Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Richter, Julius F. (Mechanic — 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 
 Ricker, Thomas A. (Corporal — 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 
 Ricketts, William (Private -~ 
 Army) , Brunswick, Md. 
 
 Ridgley, William Vernon (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Mt. Airy, Md. 
 
 Riemer, Charles H. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Ries, £. (Canadian Exp. Force) 
 — Frostburg, Md. 
 
 Reid, Elton N. (Private — 
 Army) , Welboume, Md. 
 
 Reisinger, Joseph G. {Private — 
 Army) , ^Itimore. 
 
 Roberts, Alwin R. (Sergeants- 
 Army) , Westemport, Md. 
 
 Rodeheaver, Franldin M. — Oak- 
 land, Md. 
 
 Ruppert, George (Corporal — 
 Afmy), Davidsonville, Md. 
 
 Russell, Thomas (Private — 
 Army), Howard county. 
 
 Ruths, (irustav Carroll (Private 
 — Army) , Lake Shore, Md. 
 
 Rinehart, James W. (Privates- 
 Army), Crellins, Md. 
 
 Ritchie, F. A. (Corporal — 
 Army) , Allegany county. 
 
 Ritchie, James M. (Private — 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 
 Rittenhouse, Milton M. (Corpo- 
 ral — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Ritter, Christian (Private — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Roberts, James H. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Roberts, Martin M. (Mechanic — 
 Army) , Parkville, Md. 
 
 Robertson, Arthur C. (Private 
 — Airmy), Baltimore. 
 
 Robinson, Albert (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Robinson, Bennis (Private — 
 Army). Hurlock, Md. 
 
 Robinson, Clifford (Corporal — 
 Army) , Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Robinson, Jenkins A. (Engineer 
 — Navy), Mt. Washington. 
 
 Robinson, John A. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Robinson, John W. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Robinson, Richard D. (Lieuten- 
 ant — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Robinson, Sydney (Private — 
 Army) , Forest Hill, Md. 
 
 Robinson, William A. (Private — 
 Army), Millington, Md. 
 
 Robinson, William Henry (Pri- 
 vate-7-Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Rochester, Theodore (Private- 
 Army) , Seat Pleasant, Md. 
 
 Rodman, Oscar E. j( Private — 
 Army), Baltimore.' 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 197 
 
 Boeder, George M. (Sergeant 
 — ^Army), Brunswick, Md. 
 
 Eoehner, Harry H. (Private — 
 Army), Halethorpe. 
 
 Eoemer, John L. (Private — 
 Army), Raspeburg, Md. 
 
 Rogers, Charles C. (Lieuten- 
 ant — ^Army), McDonogh, Md. 
 
 Rogers, Walter J. (Sergeant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Rorabaugh, Frank C. (Cook — 
 Army), Savage, Md. 
 
 Rose, Thomas J. (Seaman — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Rosenberg, Sidney (Corporal 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Rosenfeld, Merrill (Lieutenant 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Rosenthal, Harry (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Rosewag, Adam J. (Sergeant 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Ross, Raymond E. (Private — 
 Army), Street, Md. 
 
 Rotan, William H. (Private — 
 Army), Morrell Park, Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Roth, Aris C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Oakland, Md. 
 Roth, Harry (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Roth, Lloyd L. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Govans, Md. 
 Rowe, Francis E. (Navy) — Em- 
 
 mitsburg, Md. 
 Rowley, Morris M. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Stockton, Md. 
 Royston, William I. (Private — 
 
 Army), Utpperco, Md. 
 Ruark, William M. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Cambridge, Md. 
 Ruch, Thomas H. — Hagerstown, 
 
 Md. 
 Ruehl, Harry (Private — Army) , 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Riiffer, Roy C, Broad Run, Md. 
 Rumenap, Frederick H. (Ser- 
 geant— -Army) , Baltimore. 
 Russ, Luther (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Russell, Charles Portner (Navy) 
 
 — Baltimore. 
 Ryan, John R. (Sergeant — ■ 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Ryan, Maxwell (Private — 
 
 ATmy), Rock Hall, Md. 
 
 S 
 
 Sacks, James (Private — ^Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Safranski, Adam A. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 St. Leger, Joseph A. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Sakellarides, Stamanics (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Salvadori, Adolf o (Sergeant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Sanders, George C. (Private- 
 Army), Frederick, Md. 
 
 Sanders, Murton B. (Private — 
 Army) , New Windsor, Md. 
 
 Sanders, Theodore (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Sands, Joseph (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Santos, Alexander (Lieutenant 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Sard, Thomas (Corporal- 
 Army), Baltimore. , 
 
 SauerhofP, Robert F., Jr. (Pri- 
 vate— Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Saunders, Benjamin K. (frigate 
 — Army), Woolfords, Md. 
 
 Savedge, Earl „ (P r iv a t e — 
 Army), Deer Park, Md. 
 
 Saxon, John W. (Sergeant — 
 Army), Kensington, Md. 
 
 Scally, Archibald Howard (Cap- 
 tain — Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Scarborough, Milton Sentman 
 (Private — Army) , Pleasant 
 Hill, Md. 
 
 Scbalkopf, Paul G. (Private — 
 Army), Warren, Md. 
 
 Sohell, Charles R. (Private — 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Scherbin, Stephen M. (Private — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Schimpf, Norman (Private — 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Schlaflfer, Henry (Sergeant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Sehley, J. E. (Laeutenant — 
 Army), Frederick, Md. 
 
 iScibley, T. Frank (Major — 
 Army), New York. 
 
 Schmidt, Ernest (Private — 
 
 ■ Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Schneider, John' (Sergeant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Sohoelkoipf, Paul G. (Private- 
 Army), CockeysviUe, Md. 
 
198 
 
 MAKYLAND FIGHTERS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Schofield, Samuel (Private — 
 
 Army), Aberdeen, Md. 
 Schonnof, Hugo (Ensign — 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Schotta, Oharles F. (Private — 
 
 Army), Oella, Md. 
 Schultz, August T. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Schuiltz, Herbert J. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Schutte, Joseph W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Schwaab, John L. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Scott, John (Private — Army), 
 
 Millington, Md. 
 Seaibrease, Edward (Prdvate — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Seabum, John H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Brentwood, Md. 
 Sears, Thomas Lee, Mount Har- 
 mony, Md. 
 Seib, John (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Ocean, Md. 
 Seibert, William (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagersitown, Md. 
 Selby, Harry J. (Captain — 
 
 Army), Ivory, Md. 
 Selby, Leslie, Frederick, Md. 
 Selby, George C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Mount Airy, Md. 
 Sema, Jacob (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Sessons, George (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Seward, Elliott, B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Seward, Mark H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Shafaruk, Alexander (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Shaffer, Edgar (Private — 
 
 Army), Parkton, Md. 
 Shaffer, James (Mechanic — 
 
 Army) , Mount Savage, Md. 
 Shamleffer, William P. (Ser- 
 geant — Army), Baltimore. 
 Shankel, Daniel A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Harmony Grove, Md. 
 Shannahan, James J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Shannon, James A. (Lieutenant- 
 
 {Monel I — Army)), (Dhevy 
 
 Chase, Md. 
 Shannon, Samuel D. (Lieuten- 
 ant — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Shapiro, Abraham E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Shapiro, Eli M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Sharon, Edward Clarence, Ha- 
 
 gerstown, Md. 
 Sharon, J. F., Hagerstown, Md. 
 Shai^, Hobart Stanley (Second 
 
 Lieutenant — Army) , Balti- 
 more. 
 Shavin, George (Private — 
 
 Army), Goltz, Md. 
 
 Shaw, Edwin A. (Bugler — 
 
 Army), Lansdowne, Md. 
 Shaw, Emanuel (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Shaw, (Jeorge H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Bartholows, Md. 
 Sihea, William (Private — 
 
 Army) , Frostburg, Md. 
 Sheffer, Oharles H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Sherbert, Murray A. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Huntingtown, Md. 
 Shields, Harry G. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Shields, James (Private — 
 
 Army), Greenville, Md. 
 Shipley, Raymond (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Shipley, Robert H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Pikesville, Md. 
 Shively, Horace D., Goldsboro, 
 
 Md. 
 Shoemaker, Oscar B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hancock, Md. 
 Shroyer, Walter L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Longs, Md. 
 Silbereisen, Charles R. (Navy), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Siewierski, Adam Paiil (Fire- 
 man — Navy), Baltimore. 
 Sill, Albert Carroll (Private- 
 Army), Randallstown, Md. 
 Siltman, Irwan R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Simmons, Thomas W., Jr., (Cox- 
 swain — Navy), Cambridge, 
 
 Md. 
 Simms, Marshall (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Simpson, Oharles S. (Private — 
 
 Army), Frederick, Md. 
 Simpson, Stuart R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Singleton, John (Private — 
 
 Army), Aberdeen, Md. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 199 
 
 Skinner, Harry G., Jr. (Ensign • 
 
 — Navy), Baltimore. 
 Skorep, Adam (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Slicher, William J. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Chesapeake City, Md. 
 Slonaker, Jerry T, (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Sma:ll, Leroy (Private — Army), 
 
 Chevy Chase, Md. 
 Smith, Albert (Private — Army), 
 
 Brandywine, Md. 
 Smith, Charles E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 Smith, Charles M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Smith, EJdward A., Jr. (Quar- 
 termaster — Nfevy), Baltimore. 
 Smith, George E. (Private -^ 
 
 Army) , Ferryman, Md. 
 Smith, Gordon L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Smith, Guy A. (Private — 
 
 Army) , Braddock Heights, 
 
 Md. 
 Smith, Harry, M-eyersville, Md. 
 Smith,, Harry E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Smith, Herman E., Frederick, 
 
 Md. 
 Smith, James D. (Private — 
 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 Smith, James L. (Trumpeter — 
 
 Marine Corps), Baltimore. 
 Smith, John A. Baxter (Uear- 
 
 Admiral — Navy), New York, 
 
 N. Y. 
 Smith, John C. (Private -^ 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Smith, John S. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Smith, Lawrence B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Reisterstown, Md. 
 Smith, Norman E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Federalsburg, Md. 
 Smith, Theron E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Rockville, Md. 
 Smith, Walter J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Smith, Walton (Private — 
 
 Army), Quantico, Md. 
 Smith, William P. (Private- 
 Army), McHenry, Md. 
 Smith, Woolford R. (Seaman- 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Smullen, William, Salisbury, Md. 
 Smyth, James M. (Private — 
 
 Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 
 Snider, Verl E. C. (Private— 
 
 Army), Taneytown, Md. 
 Snyder, Emdl J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Eastport, Md. 
 Snyder, Frank (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Snyder, Henry E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Mount Savage, Md. 
 Snyder, John (Private — Army), 
 
 Clear Spring, Md. 
 Snyder, Lester D., Hagerstown, 
 
 Md. 
 Snyder, Louis (Private — ^Army), 
 
 Annapolis, Md. 
 Snyder, Maurice B. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Hyattsville, Md. 
 Snyder, William H. (Sergeant^ 
 
 Marine Corps), Baltimore. 
 Sokolowsky, Witold M. (Private 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Solomon, Harry (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Somerville, James (Private — 
 
 Army), Park Hall, Md. 
 Spafford, J. H. (Lieutenant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Sparenburg, Charles J. (Private 
 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 Speed, Christopher M'Nair (En- 
 sign — ^Navy) , Baltimore. 
 Spencer, John H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Havre de Grace, Md. 
 Spencer, Louis (Private — 
 
 Army), Snow Hill, Md. 
 Sporka, Joseph (Private — 
 
 Army), Curtis Bay, Md. 
 Spriggs, John A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Porestville, Md. 
 Spring, Rodney V. R. (Private 
 
 — Army), Easton, Md. 
 Stack, Charles C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Staley, Franklin L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Shookstown, Md. 
 Stallings, Irving R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Owings, Md. 
 Stanley, Louis (Private — 
 
 Army), Church Creek, Md. 
 Stanley, Luther (Cook — Army), 
 
 Cambridge, Md. 
 Stavely, Alwyn (Recruit — 
 
 Army), Lynch, Md. 
 Steadman, Harold W. W. (Cor- 
 poral — Army), Brunswick, 
 
 Md. 
 Stelle, Allen (Lieutenant — 
 
 Army), Cordova, Md. 
 Sterling, Archibald (Captain — 
 
 Army) , Belair, Md. 
 
200 
 
 MABYLAND FIGHTEBS KJ THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Sterling, George (Private — 
 
 Army), Crisfield, Md. 
 Sterling, Hugh (Private — ^Mar- 
 ine Corps), Luke, Md. 
 Stevens, Edward J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Stevens, John J. (Orporal — 
 
 Marine Corpis), Baltimore. 
 Stevens, Maynard W. (Private 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Stevens, The Rev. William D. 
 
 ( Chaplain — Army) . 
 Stewart, Edgar C. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Stickell, Joseph, Washington 
 
 county. 
 Stitely, Clifford M. (Private- 
 Army), Thurmont, Md. 
 Stitz, James (Private — Army), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Stockett, Lee Holland (NaVy), 
 
 Baltimore^, 
 Stocksdale, Edward A., Jr. (Pri- 
 vate — 'Army) , Freeland, Md. 
 Stockslager, Louis E. (Sergeant 
 
 — lArmy), Hagerstown, Md. 
 Stoddard, L e r o y (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltim-ore. 
 Stottlemeyer, Harry E. (Private 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 Stoewer, Charles (Private — 
 
 Army), Canton, Md. 
 Stolba, John James ('Sergeant — 
 
 Army), BaJtimore. 
 Streams, Charles (Private — 
 
 Army), Brunswick, Md. 
 Strehlen, John J. (Mechanic — 
 
 Army), Perry Hall, Md. 
 Studinski, Max J. (Private ■ — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 StuU, Charles R. (Private — 
 
 Army), Sharpsburg, Md. 
 Stull, Raymond L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Thurmonit, Md. 
 
 Sullivan, Clifford E. (Sergeant 
 — Army), Woodensburg, Md. 
 
 Sullivan, Frank James (Private 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Sullivan, James M. (Corporal — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Sunderland, Harry A. (Private 
 — Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Superczynski, Conrad J. (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Svrjcek, William Vincent (Ser- 
 geant — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Swadley, Leslie Clarence (Pri- 
 vate — 'Army), Gilmore, Md. 
 
 Sweeney, Joseph S. (Captain — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Syrop, E. Franklin (Lieutenant 
 — Army) . 
 
 SafSeld, Edward H. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Saville, John (Retired Officer — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Schafer, John Grover (Private 
 — Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Schumacher, Henry (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Schwartz, Raymond E. (Sea- 
 man — Navy), Lauraville, Md. 
 
 Seaman, Julius (P r i v a t e — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Selby, Roger Carroll (Private — 
 Army), Mount Airy, Md. 
 
 Sheckels, George Laurence (Yeo- 
 man — ^Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Skilling, John G. (First Lieu- 
 tenant — Army) , Lonaconing, 
 Md. 
 
 Snyder, John J., Jr. (Seaman — 
 Navy), Graham, N. C. 
 
 Stanton, William Clay (Corpo- 
 ral — Army), Grantsville, Md. 
 
 Strawn, Kenneth P. (Private — 
 Army), Landover, Md. 
 
 Swann, Howard J. (Private — 
 Army), Piney Point, Md. 
 
 Tafel, John F. (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Talbert, Henry V. (Private — 
 Army), Funkstown, Md. 
 
 Tarr, Dudley S. (Seaman — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Taylor, Albert C. (Sergeant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Taylor, Herbert Douglas (Lieu- 
 tenant — Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Taylor, James, Jr. (Canadian 
 Exp. Force) , Baltimore. 
 
 Taylor, James E. {Private — 
 Army) , Tysontown, Md. 
 
 Taylor, Ulysses ( P r i v a t e — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Tajraian, William (Private — 
 Army), Croome, Md. 
 
 Teague, Warren (Second Lieu- 
 tenant — Army) , Odenton, Md. 
 
 Tegeder, Walter Scott (Mate — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Tennyson, Joseph (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 201 
 
 Terrier, Stuart McDonald (En- 
 sign—Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Theiss, Thomas (Private — 
 Army) , Highlandtown. 
 
 Thim, Harry J. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Thomas, Alma (Private — 
 Army), Lakeland, Md. 
 
 Thomas, Arthur H. (Private — 
 Army) , Mount Winans, Md. 
 
 Thomas, John F. W. (Sergeant 
 — ^Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Thomas, William (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Thompson, George P. (Private 
 — Army), Gardenville. 
 
 Thompson, Henry M., Jr. (Pri- 
 vate — ^Armyjk, Baltimore. 
 
 Thompson, John Sharpies, Jr. 
 ( Second Lieutenant— Army ) , 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Thompson, Leroy F. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Thompson, Joseph (Private — 
 Army), Ryceville, Md. 
 
 Thome, George Henry (Niavy), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Thrush, Walter — Clear Spring, 
 Md. 
 
 Tilghman, Robert N. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Tilling, Joseph A. (Private — 
 Army) , Hillsdale, Md. 
 
 Tillman, Frank R. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Tipton, E. P. (Private— Army), 
 Frederick, Md. 
 
 Tirschman, Henry E. (Private — 
 Army), Colgate, Md. 
 
 Todd, Roland E. (Private- 
 Army), Preston, Md. 
 
 Tolsky, James A. (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Tomlinson, Edward E. (First 
 Lieutenant — ^Army), Newark, 
 N. J. 
 
 Toms, Stanley M. (Corporal — 
 Army) , Glenelg, Md. 
 
 Toothman, Kenneth R. (Private 
 — Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Toulson — ^Federalsburg, Md. 
 
 Townsend, John W. (Corporal — 
 Army), Cambridge, Md. 
 
 Townsley, Howard L. (Private 
 — Army) , Fallston, Md. 
 
 Tracy, Ephraim Frank— Carroll 
 county. 
 
 Tracey, James F. (Sergeant — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Tralinsky, Bernard (Fireman — 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Traue, George J. (P r i v a t e — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Trimble, John (Private — Army), 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Trimbley, Earl (Private — 
 Army) , Sang Run, Md. 
 
 Troutman, Henry C. (Private — 
 Army), EUerslie, Md. 
 
 Truitt, Archie W. (Private- 
 Army) , Willards, Md. 
 
 TuUy, Joseph F. (Sergeant — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Turnbaugh, William, Jr. (Pri- 
 vate — Army), Ashland, Md. 
 
 Turner, Elzie — Seat Pleasant, 
 Md. 
 
 Turner, Frank Brown (Lieuten- 
 ant — Army) , Charles coun^. 
 
 Twigg, Hobart M. (Private — 
 Army) , Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Twigg, J. A. (Private — ^Army), 
 Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Twigg, Nial Franklin (Hrst 
 
 Lieutenant — Army) , Cumber- 
 land, Md. 
 
 Thomas, Lawrence (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Thompson, Leander J. (Private 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Timmerman, George H. — Wil- 
 son, W. Va. 
 
 Todd, Arthur (Private — Army) , 
 Port Deposit, Md. 
 
 Tolson, Herbert Page (Private — 
 Army) , Stafford Store, Va. 
 
 U 
 
 Ulrich, Christian G. (Private 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Umstot, Lester A. (Private 
 
 Army), EUerslie, Md. 
 
 Unger, Harry E. — Smithburg, 
 
 Md. 
 Upman, Frank J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Valentine, Fred (Private 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Valentine, Russell B. (Sergeant 
 — Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
202 
 
 MAETLAND FIGHTERS IS THE GREAT WAB. 
 
 Vandeleur, John P. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Vanik, Frank T. (Sergeant — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Van Mater, Daniel L. (Private 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Vannucci, John (Private — 
 
 Army), Frostburg, Md. 
 Varella, Victor ( P r i v a t e — 
 
 Marine Corps), Baltimore. 
 Viar, William (Private — Army), 
 
 HagerstOTvn, Md. 
 
 Vickers, Luke R. (Lieutenant 
 — Army), Church Creek, Md.. 
 
 Vincent, William (Private- 
 Army) , Wayside PostofSce, 
 Md. 
 
 Voegelein, Joseph (Private — 
 Army) , Hamilton, Md. 
 
 Volkmann, Anton Carl (Pri- 
 vate — Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Vonberger, Ehrick (Private — 
 Army), Saltimore. 
 
 Vogel, H. Albert (Seaman — 
 Navy), Wagner's Point, Md. 
 
 W 
 
 Waddy, Edward (Recruit — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wade, John D. (Captain — 
 
 Army), Gaithersburg, Md. 
 Wagner, Nicholas H. J. (Navy), 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Walker, Charles P. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Point of Rocks, Md. 
 Wallace, Howard (Private — 
 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 Wallace, Noble L. (Private — 
 
 Army), Roland Park, Balti- 
 more. 
 Walsh, Maurice G. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Walsh, Reginald (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Walter, Roy B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Pulton, Md. 
 Walzl, Harry A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wanstall, Frederick (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wantland, Harry D. (Corporal 
 
 — Army), Baltimore. 
 Ward, Frank (Private — ^Marine 
 
 Corps), Baltimore. 
 Ward, King (Private — Army), 
 
 Pooomoke City, Md. 
 Warfield, Edwin (Private — 
 
 Army), Woodbine, Md. 
 Warns, Adol^h (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Waters, Charles C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Snow Hill, Md. 
 Waters, Garland (Private — 
 
 Army), Davidsonville, Md. 
 Waters, James (Army), Thur- 
 
 mont, Md. 
 Waters, John Nelson (Corporal 
 
 — Army), Upper Pairmount, 
 
 Md. 
 Watkins, Russell (Private — 
 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Watson, Allen Pocomoke City, 
 Md. 
 
 Watson, John G. (Private — 
 Army), Mt. Washington, Md. 
 
 Watters, William J. H. (Lieu- 
 tenant — Army), EUicott City, 
 Md. 
 
 Watterson, David (Private — 
 Army), Denton, Md. 
 
 Watts, Charles D. (Corporal — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Watts, Walter W. (Sergeant- 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Wayson, Vernon Jerome (Pri- 
 vate — 'Army), Galloways, Md. 
 
 Weatherly, George F. (Corporal 
 Army) , Roland Park, Md. 
 
 Webb, Harry L. (Lieutenant — 
 Army), Belair, Md. 
 
 Webb, John R., Frederick, Md. 
 
 Webb, William Chester (Navy) , 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Weber, Joseph (Private — Army) , 
 Highlandtown, Md. 
 
 Weber, Walter Asbury (Seaman 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Wedderbury, Charles F. (Lieu- 
 tenant — Navy), Chevy Chase, 
 Md. 
 
 Weichert, Oscar C. (Private — 
 Army), FuUerton, Md. 
 
 Weigand, Philip Emil (Corporal 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Welch, Joseph (Lieutenant — 
 Army), Hoyes, Md. 
 
 Wells, Richard White (Private 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Wells, William Alfred (Marine 
 Corps), Baltimore. 
 
 Wenzel, Lewis E. (Private — 
 Army), Pikesville, Md. 
 
 Werbe, Charles H. (Musician — 
 Navy), Annapolis, Md. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 203 
 
 Wernecke, Christian J. (Musi- 
 cian — Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 West, Walter, Snow Hill, Md. 
 
 Weyrich, Joseph L. (Private — 
 Army), Windsor Hills, Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Wharton, George A. C. (Private 
 Army), Cris^eld, Md. 
 
 Wheeler, Nevel Edward (Pri- 
 vates-Army), Watersville.Md. 
 
 Wheeler, Paul, Eastport, Md. 
 
 White, Edward (Corporal — 
 Action), Worton, Md. 
 
 White, Henry (Private — ^Army), 
 iSalisbury, Md. 
 
 White, John C. (Captain — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 White, TheodSre (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 White, Walter Baker (Chauf- 
 feur — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Whitmore, Frank C. (Corporal 
 — Army), Woodlawn, Md. 
 
 Whittemore, Joseph O. (Private 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Whittington, William H. (Pri- 
 vate — Army) , Eastport, Md. 
 
 Wietheger, Frederick M. (Ser- 
 geant — Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Wiland, Cyrus (Sergeant — 
 Army), Lonaconing, Md. 
 
 Wilburn, GJeorge E. (Corporal — 
 Army) , iSilver Spring, Md. 
 
 Wiley, Arthur (Private — 
 Army), Hagerstown, Md. 
 
 Wilgis, Roland O. (Private — 
 Army), Bclair, Md. 
 
 •Wilhelm, Samuel (Private — 
 Army), Glencoe, Md. 
 
 Wilhide, James Edward (Cor- 
 poral—Army) , Legore, Md. 
 
 Wilkinson, Donald (Private — 
 Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Wilkinson, Edward (Private — 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Williams, Charles E. (Private — 
 Army), Cumberland, Md. 
 
 Williams, James H. (Private- 
 Army), Relay, Md. 
 
 Williams Ralph Burgess 
 (Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Williams, William H. (Private 
 — Army), Whitehall, Md. 
 
 Williams, William Haner (Pri- 
 vate — Army) , Dry Branch, 
 Md. 
 
 Williamson, Philip H. (lieuten- 
 ant — Army) , Mt. Wasihington, 
 Md. 
 
 Wills, Ehner J. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wilson, Charles H. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wilson, Samuel David, Carroll 
 
 county. 
 Wilson, Frederick (Navy), Eas- 
 
 ton, Md. 
 Wilson, Herbert (Private — • 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wilson, Joseph (Private ; — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wilson, W. Ernest (Private — 
 
 Army), Westwood, Md. 
 Wimmer, Warren H. (Corporal 
 
 — Army) , Baltimore. 
 Winchenbach, Roland C. (Pri — 
 
 vate — Army), Baltimore. 
 Windsor, Frank L. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Colgate, Md. 
 Windsor, Ralph E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Sharptown, Md. 
 Windsor, Wagoner John W. 
 
 (Corporal — Army), Balti- 
 more. 
 Wine, Vere W. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Winfree, WalUs (Private — 
 
 Army), Salisbury, Md. 
 Wingate, Frederick (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Winter, Herman (Private — 
 
 Army), Laurel, Md. 
 Winters, Jacob A. (Wagoner — 
 
 Army), Vale Summit, Md. 
 Wise, AJvie Ellis (Private — 
 
 Army), Middletown, Md. 
 Witsotzkey, .Samuel Conrad 
 
 (Fireman — Navy) , Forest 
 
 Bm, Md. 
 Wolf, Dupont L. (Corporal — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wolf, John C. (Private — 
 
 Army), Rossville, Md. 
 Wolf, William Robert (Fireman 
 
 Navy), Baltimore. 
 Wolf, William (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 Wolfe, John M., Washington 
 
 county. 
 Wolfe, John W.— Near Wolfes- 
 
 ville, Md. 
 Woods, Reginald (Private — 
 
 Army), Davidsonville, Md. 
 Woodson, Allaire E. (Private — 
 
 Army), Silver Spring, Md. 
 Woolford, Paul B. (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. 
 
204 MAEYLAND FIGHDEBS IN THE GREAT WAR. 
 
 Woolridge, Harvey (Seaman-^ Webster, Thurman Hopkins 
 Navy), Baltimore. (Yeoman — Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 Worthiiiiton, Henry Higbie Welsh, Eichard E. ( Gadet-Engi- 
 ( Captain— .Army), Lancaster, neer— Navy), Baltimore. 
 
 rn- .*'i.i T> ji r-MT A 4j. J White, Herbert Luthcr (Seaman 
 
 Wright, Bradley (Mess Attend- _Navv) Norfolk Va 
 
 anl^Navy), Baltimore. -nr^- ^^'ttj • t r^^^* 
 
 Wright, B^re (Private - Wilkmson, Edwin J. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Wright, Kemp (Wagoner — Williams, Luther Lee (Private 
 Army), Federalsburg, Md. —Army), Relay, Md. 
 
 Wrightsman, Grant (Wagoner Wihner, Harry White (First 
 — ^Army), Mountain Lake Lieutenant— Army) , Leonard- 
 Park, Md. iavm, Md. 
 
 Wyand, Reno E (Private— ^y j^mes S. (Private— 
 
 W^S'^irS&dge ^TZ^'Sf^^t^O te 
 
 (Captain — Army), Howard Wolford, Robert S. (Quarter- 
 county, Md. master— Navy) , Baltimore. 
 
 Yanowski, Frank J. (Private— Young, Charles (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army) , Baltimore. 
 
 Yeager, Thomas (Private- Young, Douglass Eldred(Pn- 
 
 A?my), Baltimore. P^Md 
 
 Yingling, Clarence (Private- youl^,' E. Oari (Navy), Balti- 
 
 Army), Hampstead, Md. more. 
 
 Yingling, James William, Car- Youngbar, James (Private — 
 
 roll county. Army), Fairfield, Md. 
 
 Yingling, John C. (Private — Younkin, John A. (Private — 
 
 Army), Westminster, Md. Army), Grantsville, Md. 
 
 Zahner, Henry C. (Private— Zink, Lee C. (Sergreant — 'Army), 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Oockeysville, Md. 
 
 Zavodil, Joseph (Private — Zitaitis, Frank (Private — 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Zaykoski, Benjamin (Private— Zittinger, Herbert A. (Private- 
 Army), Baltimore. „ Army), Baltimore. 
 
 Zeigler, Emile, Eden, Md. Zofain, Morris (Private — 
 
 Zellman, Henry Walter (Private „ -^""^2^, B^*«n<>re. . 
 
 -Army) Darlington^ Md. ^^^l^^^jf ^^i^L <^"' 
 
 Zimin, Charies (Private - zouck, Peter (Jeorge (Lieuten- 
 
 Army), Curtis Bay, Md. ant— Army), Glyndon, Md. 
 
 Zerhusen, P. Joseph (Corporal Zwoster, George E. (Private-. 
 
 Army), Baltimore. Army), Highlandtown, Md. 
 
rm AUTHOR IS INDEBTED TO MR. VINCENT de P. HTZ- 
 PATRICK FOR THE MATERIAL USED IN THAT PART OP 
 THE STORY OF THE THREE THIRTEENTH WHICH DEALS 
 WITH THE REGIMENTS DAYS AT CAMP MEADE ■« « "g ■«