(iforneU Ittincraitg ffiibrarg Jlt^ata, STeiti ^ark THE GIFT OF ?no|tf*bo*i, t>>,Q.tV]rfiaa^x arwaraea"™" """"""' """"" Phi Beta Kappa ,. 3 1924 031 749 ■ 561" olin.anx The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031749561 PHI BETA KAPPA Alpha of Wisconsin Catalogue EDITED BY BAYARD QUINCY MORGAN Secretary of the Chapter THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN 1917 AN ADDRESS TO INITIATES OF PHI BETA KAPPA By Dean Edward Asahel Bikge Vice-president of the United Chapters Phi Beta Kappa embodies the spirit which is historically that of the American college — that of liberal education as dis- tinguished from professional or technical training. It is the purpose of a liberal education to establish close and sympathetic relations between the student and human thought in its wider expression. It appeals to the deep-rooted love of knowledge for its own sake, which is never absent from the human heart. It cultivates and strengthens this love and directs it toward worthy and permanent objects. It finds those objects in the multiform expressions of human personality in letters, arts, and science, and it attempts to connect the life of the student with these as never- failing sources of pleasure and enrichment. As an honor so(5ety Phi Beta Kappa recognizes those students who have most conspicuously profited by their undergraduate course and so give promise of having fairly begun a liberal educa- tion. It gives this recognition not only to show honor to personal distinction in college work, but also to emphasize the place which a liberal education holds both in the personal life and in that of the community which the graduate enters. For the continued success of a community — whether local or national — depends in no small degree on the presence in it, as a living force, of the spirit that underlies liberal education. The love of learning for its own sake, the disinterested pursuit of knowledge, an active, alert, intellectual interest in many fields of knowledge and in those fields most widely separated from com- mercial profit and most alien to vocation — these must be present as vigorous elements in the common life, if this life is not to degenerate into routine and so into ultimate failure. 4 Phi Beta Kappa Thus Phi Beta Kappa embodies and recognizes not so mneh that initial success in acquiring the technical training whose future gifts are large financial and social returns to the community, nor does it look primarily to the promise of that capacity for scientific research on which depends so much of the future enlargement of the conditions of life and thought. It stands primarily for higher education as a spiritual product and for the ultimate supremacy of the human spirit in the control of human life. It calls upon its members to perform the duty resting on all graduates of colleges of liberal arts, but doubly incumbent upon those who have received most largely from their colleges — that of bearing with them the spirit of the college into the larger world and making it a vital part of the common life. THE PHI BETA KAPPA *A Fraternity of Scholars By Dean Francis Watland Shepardson Beta of Illinois In December days of 1776, a hundred and forty years ago, the fraternity of Phi Beta Kappa was founded at the ancient college of William and Mary, the second institution of collegiate rank established in the new world. The quaint old record of the first meeting which has come down to us states : ' ' On Thursday the 5th of December, in the year of our Lord God one thousand seven hundred and seventy-six, and the first of the Commonwealth, a happy spirit and resolution of attaining the important ends of Society entering the minds of John Heath, Thomas Smith, Richard Booker, Armstd Smith, and John Jones, and afterward seconded by others, prevailed, and was accordingly ratified." Investigation has not revealed the scouree of the idea of the fraternity. There are indications in the language of the record, and in the phraseology of the ceremonials and the rules, that its parent was the order of Freemasonry. So much is owed by the American college fraternity system to this ancient society of craftsmen, that it requires no great stretch of the imagination to accord to it also the credit for the suggestion of the first Ameri- can Greek-letter college organization. The immediate occasion for the establishment of Phi Beta Kappa is thus described by "William Short, a member of the Alpha of Virginia, in a letter to Edward Everett in 1831. "There had existed for a long space of time another society at William and Mary. The initials on its medal, P. D. A., were understood to indicate Latin words. There was at the same time at College a youth whose reputa- tion as a Hellenist was so far beyond that of the others, that he valued himself, as I remember well, exclusively on it. The P. D. A. Society had * Reprinted with the kind permission of the author. 6 Phi Beta Kappa lost all reputation for letters and was noted only for the dissipation and conviviality of its members. Whether they had refused to admit our Hellenist, or he was unwilling to join them, I do not now recollect, but so it was that he determined to get up another society in opposition, and in conformity With his own reputation formed and adapted the Greek phrase indicated by the initials. Whether it be pure I would not now say. But at that time none of us supposed anything more pure could have been formed in Athens, such was our opinion of the great learning of our founder. ' ' This founder was John Heath. One of his ideas may be imagined from an early rule : ' ' The least appearance of intoxica- tion or disorder of any single member by liquor, at a session, subjects him to the penalty of ten shillings." It is surprising to discover that those connected with the new fraternity had such clear conceptions of its possibilities and such definite ideas regarding its internal organization and general characteristics, things which, in the growth of most institutions of the sort, are matters of growth, indeed of slow development. There was to be the mystery of secrecy. There was to be an initiation ceremony with its oath of fealty. There was to be a medal for external display. And there was to be expansion into a national fraternity. The minutes of December 9, 1779, preface the resolution granting authority for the establishment of the. Yale chapter with the words, "Whereas the Society is desirous that the Phi Beta Kappa should be extended to each of the United States." The record book, describing the medal, states : "And for the better establishment and sanctitude of. our unanimity, a square silver medal was agreed on and instituted, engraved on the one side with S. P., the initials of S P , and on the other, agreeable to the former, with the Greek initials of Phi Beta Kappa, and an index imparting a philosophical design, extended to the three stars, a part of the planetary orb, distinguished." This description, in modified heraldic terms, seems also some- what influenced by the ancient symbolism which attached to the sacred number three, of which the philosophical writers of antiquity made much. At the January meeting of 1777, exactly a month later (and it is worth noting that in the early days of the fraternity meetings Alpha op Wisconsin 7 were held as frequently as was the ease with the other literary societies in collegiate communities), a mode of initiation was reported. "And first in corporation, an oath of fidelity being considered as the strongest preservative, an initiation was accordingly resolved upon and instituted as follows: I, A. B., do swear on the holy Evangelists of Almighty God, or other- wise, as calling the .Supreme Being to attest this my oath, declaring that I will, with all my possible efforts, endeavor to prove true, just, and deeply attached to this our growing fraternity; in keeping, holding, and preserving all secrets that pertain to my duty, and for the promotion and advancement of its internal welfare." The March meeting adopted a set of by-laws significant in their scope and remarkably suggestive in the light of the history of other similar college organizations, which began to come into existence fifty years later. Among other provisions there was one, the first one in fact, which reads, "» "That in every design or attempt, whether great or small, we ought to invoke the Deity." Another required that each member after initiation should wear the badge. Membership was limited to collegians over sixteen years of age who were unanimously elected. Regular meetings were provided for, with program, with method of pro- cedure, with fines for non-attendance and for non-performance of assigned duties. At subsequent meetings there were literary exercises consisting of declamations on subjects of interest, many of them political. The initiation fee, originally six shillings, was raised to five dollars. Fines were common and heavy. For example, on Sep- tember 23, 1780, Joshua Cabell was fined $20.00 for non- attendance on the evening he was appointed to declaim, and, on other occasions, fines of $15.00 each were levied on Brothers Swan, Lee, "Washington, Madison, and Nivison, for being absent on evenings when disengaged. The social side of fraternity was not neglected, for the meet- ings often were held in the famous Raleigh tavern where, so the record tells us, "the night was spent in Jollity and Mirth." Tradition places the initial meeting of our fraternity in the 8 Phi Beta Kappa Apollo room in this hostelry, where Patrick Henry made one of his fiery pre-Revolutionary speeches. On December 10, 1778, the rule which limited membership to collegians was abrogated, presumably under an influence which secured the passage of a resolution on May 4, 1779, providing for the expansion of the fraternity. Under this changed con- dition a young artillery captain residing in Williamsburg and taking law lectures at the college, by name John Marshall, was admitted to membership. A form of charter was devised and authority was voted for the establishment of the Beta, Gamma, and Delta "meetings" in neighboring Virginia towns. No records have ever been found to show that such branches had life, except that the later grants to Harvard and Yale carried with them the names Bpsilon and Zeta, Eta and Theta being given to two other Virginia community groups. The word "Chapter" was not used for many years. If the Virginia branches were established, they quickly became extinct under the pressure of the Revolutionary War. The reasons for the expansion of Phi Beta Kappa were declared in the charter preamble : "Whereas it is repugnant to the liberal principles of Societies that they should be confined to any particular place, men or Description of men, and as the same should be extended to the wise and virtuous of every degree and of whatever Country, etc." But, while there was willingness to expand, there was jealous regard for the prime ideas of the fraternity as the record of December 5, 1779, shows : "Resolved, That so much of Mr. Parmelie's petition as relates to the establishment of a Phi : society to be conducted in a less mysterious manner than the Phi Beta Kappa be not agreed to, as the design appears to be incompatible with the principles of this meeting." The simple form of initiation already described seems to have proved unsatisfactory, for, on February 27, 1779, a committee reported the following ritual, which was adopted : "The person to be initiated, having been properly recommended and approved, shall be brought to the door by him who recommended him. Then he shall be met by some other member who shall introduce and seat him on a Chair prepared for the purpose, the whole Society rising from their seats and bowing. The Stranger at the same time having a Paper in his hand Alpha op Wisconsin which he, after being seated, shall deliver to his guide who shall read it as follows: "The address of of to the Members of the Phi Beta Kappa. Gentlemen: Prom a full conviction of the benefit arising from Society in general, and particularly from one which I hope has Friendship for its Basis, Benevolence and Literature for its Pillars, I am induced to accept of the Invitation for an admission into the Phi Beta Kappa, and for the honor confer 'd on me by this invitation I return you my most sincere thanks." Then the President shall say: "Mr. It was in consequence of our good opinion of you, that we have admitted you thus far, and we hope you wiU render yourself still more acceptable by answering in the affirmative to the following questions: 1. If upon hearing you dislike the principles of this Society, and with- draw, do you promise upon the word of a Gtentleman to keep them secret? 2. Is it of your own free choice unbiased by persuasion that you become a member of this society! 3. Will you approve yourself a worthy member of it by being a Friend to Morality and Literature? 4. Will you regard every worthy member of this Society as a Brother? 5. Will you assist them when in distress with your Life and Fortune? After which the Laws shall be read by the Clerk, and if the Person to be admitted approve them, the Oath shall be administered by the Presi- dent ; then the Medal and sign of the Society shall be explained ; and after- ward the President shall thus address the newly initiated Member. Brother: It is an uncommon pleasure which I feel in being able to address you by this tender appellation ; such have been the mutual pleasures ever distributed among the Members of the Phi Beta Kappa. This Society was founded by a few friends to social and improving intercourse. At first it was confined to a small number of very worthy Students; they planted the scion, from which has grown this tree, that now buds forth before your eyes, with the blossoms of harmony and concord. It was ingrafted on the stock of friendship, in the soU of virtue, enriched by Literature. To cherish and keep it alive hath been the constant care of those members who have succeeded. To which end they have ever kept in view the design of its worthy founders, who adopted this friendly communion as a recreation to the philosophic mind, satiate with investigating the various springs of Human nature and human actions. Now then you may for a while disengage yourself from scholastic Laws and communicate without reserve whatever reflections you have made upon various objects; remembering that everything transacted within this room is transacted Sub rosa, and detested is he that discloses it. Here too you are to indulge in matters of speculation, that freedom of inquiry which ever dispels the clouds of falsehood by the radiant sunshine 10 Phi Beta Kappa of truth. Here you are to look for a sincere Friend, and here you are to become the Brother of unalienable Brothers. After which the President turning to the members shall thus address them: Gentlemen: You all at this moment experience in yourselves the heart-felt satisfaction which I do at our late valuable acquisition. Friendship herself pleased with her success now smiles at this addition to our Fraternity. Let it be our joint care to extend the Friendship which has ever been exercised by this Society to this newly elected Member, that he may thereby become a veteran in her service. Let us consider that this is no longer the stranger whom we have hitherto seen; he is a Brother, a member of the Phi Beta Kappa, in which character I am inexpressibly happy to introduce to you Mr. . After this the President shall take him by the hand, with a congratula- tion, and then the Secretary who shall introduce him to each of the Members separately ; all taking care to use the mode of shaking hands peculiar to the Phi Beta Kappa. The laws adopted at this meeting were twenty-two in number, only one of which, perhaps, need be given : ' ' The youngest member residing in College shall be Sergeant, whose office is to summon the members when a meeting- shall be called. ' ' On December 4, 1779, the charter to Harvard was voted. It was delivered to Blisha Parmele, a northern student who had sought the milder climate of Virginia because of lung trouble, and was now about to return home, carrjdng with him authority to found two new branches, a charter for Yale being also given him on December 9. We are fortunate in having a record of the individual who caught the idea of national expansion. The first grant of a charter, the Beta, was made to Samuel Hardy, who had been a member less than a year. It was for a local Virginia group. The last president of the Alpha chapter, at the time of its disbanding owing to the Revolutionary excite- ment, was William Short, afterwards prominent in American diplomatic history. In a letter^to Edward Everett, July 8, 1831, Mr. Short said : "The origin of the charter to which you allude as establishing your society at Cambridge and to which my name is annexed, proceeded altogether from one of the members (Samuel Hardy) whose name you find subscribed. He was a man of a most comprehensive mind, but as he was what was termed an irregular student, that is, not entitled to wear the cap and gown, he was not held in estimation by the pedantic and often thick headed cap and Alpha of Wisconsin 11 gown students. I remember yet my surprise when he communicated to me his plan for extending branches of our society to the different States. It was the first symptom of anything coming from him indicative of Ms mind. He expatiated on the great advantages that would attend it in binding together the several States. I happened at that time to be acquainted with a gentle- man from the Eastward who was a private tutor in the family of one of my friends, and as I knew he then contemplated returning to his native state, I suggested to Mr. Hardy the propriety of bringing forward his plan before the society, so that the charter might be ready to be sent by this gentle- man. It was accordingly done. And if my memory serves me, a charter of the same kind was sent at the same time to New Haven. ' ' In the grant to Harvard there was this paragraph : ' ' That the Governing Eule of your conduct and that of the Society be to further and promote the fundamental principles and maxims of the Phi Beta Kappa to the best of your knowledge; and above all you are to be careful to promote friendship and union among one another, as well as to bring it forth in a Communion with us here; so far as it may be practicable and convenient." On Saturday, January 6, 1781, five members of the parent chapter met and decided that, because of the threatened dangers of the war, the society should disband. They placed the records of Phi Beta Kappa in a sealed box, which they put in the hands of the College Steward. They said that they made the deposit "in sure and certain hope that the Fraternity will one day rise in life everlasting and glory immortal." So ended the Alpha chapter, and had it not been for the two grants to Elisha Parmele, so would have ended the fraternity of Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. Parmele went back to his home in Goshen, Connecticut, where he initiated several young men as a nucleus for the Yale society which was formally established November 13, 1780. The branch at Harvard was not founded until July, 1781. By agree- ment these two chapters granted a charter to Dartmouth, which was organized August 20, 1787. These three Alphas, in Connecti- cut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire, then comprised the Phi Beta Kappa Fraternity for thirty years. It is not the purpose of this sketch to follow, out the history of the fraternity. It is, rather, to show how the Phi Beta Kappa was a regular Greek-letter fraternity in the usual meaning of that term, how it had either in fact or in thought all the paraphernalia of the modem fraternity, and how, for a time at least, while 12 Phi Beta Kappa scholarly qualifications were insisted on, it was by no means merely a scholarship fraternity. The materials for such study are found in the interesting 1912 catalogue of the Harvard chap- ter and in the chapter histories published in our extremely creditable fraternity magazine, the Phi Beta Kappa Key. "We have seen how the mother chapter held frequent meetings, how it had an initiation ceremony, how it magnified its secrecy, and how, "with Jollity and Mirth" it sometimes enjoyed its feasts in the tavern in the town. From Yale we get the statement that the "sign" of the fra- ternity was a left to right stroking of the chin. The grip was an ordinary hand-clasp without locking of the thumbs, and with a slight pressure on the wrist. The "knock" consisted of three raps, two soft and one loud, in anapaestic rhythm. The "yell" was "Phi ai ai. Phi Beta Kappa." The college bell announced the time of meeting of the fraternity by a rough imitation of this cry. The "feed" on informal occasions, at least at Yale, appears to have been the humble American peanut. There was a cipher for use in all fraternity correspondence. The archives were kept in a "trunk" or "chest," the prototype of the modem fra- ternity "strong-box," or, in newer chapter houses, the safe. Twice at Dartmouth and once at Yale the precious secrets were stolen by inquisitive individuals, in one case at Dartmouth the three culprits being members of the chapter. There was the external badge, the medal, which, on state occasions, was sus- pended by the fraternity colors, "pink and sky-blue ribbands." Once a supposed Dartmouth member visited the Harvard chap- ter. What happened is indicated by the record of September 15, 1789. ' ' A graduate of Dartmouth was introduced, who possessed a medal similar to those of the Phi Beta Kappa and pretended to be acquainted with the mysteries of the Society. But some members doubting his being in reality a brother, he was requested to explain the medal and to disclose the mysteries, which being unable to do, he was dismissed as an impostor. This business employed the Society till late in the evening. ' ' This stealing of records and this early "third degree" are strikingly suggestive of interfraternity relationships in the col- leges a generation ago. Alpha of Wisconsin 13 There were plans for retaining the friendship and interest of the alumni members. There were discussions about securing chapter-rooms and, later, about the possibility of having regular lodges, the predecessors of the modern chapter houses. There were fraternity songs at the banquets, one of them being written and sung by Oliver "Wendell Holmes. There were catalogues of the members. There were forms of signature, such as "Yours in our 'growing fraternity' " and "Your inalienable brother," these being taken from ritualistic or legal phraseology already men- tioned. There was much stress laid upon the importance of friendship. There were propositions for a general convention of members. There was provision for the care of needy brothers. There was a plan for a fraternity magazine as early as 1802. Its fruition came on September 10, 1825, when the first number appeared of the N&w York Literary Gazette and Phi Beta Kappa Repository, this combination with a standard magazine seeming the wisest solution of the problem. The banquets must have been lively occasions. Eecords tell of the "splendid repast, with its luxuries of friendship and sociability"; the "rich collation, cir- culating the social glass free from the sediment of care, and expressing their most cordial wishes for the prosperity of the Phi Beta Kappa and the happiness of its respective members. ' ' "Having spent a couple of hours in convivial enjoyment; drank several toasts expressive of our warm affection for the society at large and our best wishes for its interests, and having smoaked the calumet of peace and philanthropy, we took an affectionate parting." John Quincy Adams mentions some of these banquets in his famous diary. They seem to have aroused opposition on the part of certain members. One catches the suggestion of real frater- nity in the toast of 1792, "May resident members preserve the pure Attic fire, and non-residents annually indulge in its genial warmth." The "libations to harmony and joy usual on this celebrated anniversary" were attended by a parting toast from the treasurer, "May each one liberally untie his purse strings to pay the reckoning." In 1806 one disgusted member wrote in his diary, "Such was the extravagance exhibited in giving $70 for the theatrical musicians, who were a nuisance, and in paying for 25 dinners which were 14: Phi Beta Kappa not eaten, that I now feel resolved never to dine with the society again. Expense to each one was $5.70." In 1801 the committee reported that a good dinner could be secured for $1.00, wine being offered at the following rates: Madeira, $1.00 a bottle; Lisbon and Sherry, 50 cents; Port, 66§^. The offended brother of 1806 had a record of attending every Harvard meeting except in 1808 for forty-six years. In 1832 hired musicians were abandoned at Harvard, and it was voted to try a plan which should make expenses more moder- ate and within the means of the members of the fraternity, this reform movement following the great anti secret society crusade of the Morgan excitement. The plan proposed a permanent fund, secured by subscription, one-third of the income to be used in paying for the band, one-third for the guests of the society, and the other third toward the expenses of the annual banquet. In 1838 the objector recorded in his diary : "Though I have belonged to the Society forty-seven anniversaries, yet I have dined with them but fourteen times, the last in 1824 with LaFayette. My reason has been that the meeting is far too Bachanalian for my taste. ' ' Three years later he wrote : "For the 16th time I dined with the society, though my judgment and feelings equally revolted at the quantities of wine drunk, among others by clergymen. And of these by one who not long since delivered an eloquent lecture in many places on total abstinence from all which can intoxicate. So also we had scarcely diiied before the room became dark and nauseous by tobacco smoke and consequent expectoration which it occasioned. I hope to see a Phi Beta Kappa dinner at which there shall be no unnatural excitement from alcoholic liquors and at the same time a 'feast of reason and flow of soul.' " The reverend brother rejoiced greatly when in 1847 liquor was banished from the annual meeting at Cambridge. He is not to be left without noting his comments on some of the abstruse addresses delivered before the society. Sometimes he thought his intellect growing weak, until he inquired of others who told him they could not understand the argument either. In one instance he described an oration as "a long night with occasional flashes of lightning." Still another fraternity feature was developed in early Phi Beta Kappa. The laws of the mother chapter provided for a Alpha of Wisconsin 15 unanimous vote for both election and expulsion. Not many eases of the latter are reported. The Dartmouth chapter had to expel three. One was exposed as a wholesale robber of the college library, and became the first inmate of the new county jail. Another was an alumnus of twenty years' standing, who was expelled for gross and habitual intemperance. The third was declared unworthy, "having by several infamous and overt acts, forfeited all pretensions to moral character." The historian of the Dartmouth chapter says of this ease : "The record is that of John Henry This man enjoyed at that day a wide notoriety. He was not a member of the College, but a bright young Irish adventurer who drifted over to this country, and after a varied experience in the great cities and as a captain in the army, settled down as a farmer and an editor at Windsor, Vermont, and in 1806 was admitted a member of our Society. In 1809 he performed the office of a secret agent of the British, and being neglected by them, sold for a large sum to President Madison a copy of his correspondence, tending to compromise not only the British government but the Federal party in New England. For which of these treacheries the Society condemned him the record does not disclose. ' ' At the same time it is easy to imagine the satisfaction of the Federalists of Phi Beta Kappa, when, on June 4, 1812, they expelled him by the unanimous vote of the annual meeting of the chapter. One is tempted here to make a digression to consider other relationships between Phi Beta Kappa and the history of our country. In the initial record at Williamsburg, the year 1776 is accompanied by the suggestive words "and the first of the Commonwealth," indicative of the recent change of the Old Dominion from colony to commonwealth following the Declara- tion of Independence. The first topic assigned for discussion in the Harvard chapter in 1781 was "Whether Benedict Arnold can be considered as a traitor?" this subject being selected, singularly enough, just about the time when Arnold's landing in Virginia with British and Tories so frightened the brothers at Williamsburg that they sealed up the papers of the mother Alpha and closed the record of the fraternity. In 1790 students at what is now Brown University applied for a charter of the fraternity. The Harvard chapter refused 16 Phi Beta Kappa the favor, basing its objections on the low standards of the Provi- dence institution and the importance of keeping the dignity of Phi Beta Kappa unimpaired. The historian of the Brown chap- ter, which was established in 1829 with the hearty approval of Harvard, states: "It is not improbable that the inherited antipathy to the colony founded by Boger WilUanis and his associates, all of whom were men despised and r^'ected of Massachusetts, may have largely influenced this action of the Harvard chapter. No objection had been made to the granting of a charter to Dartmouth, whose standards were certainly no higher than were those of Rhode Island College." The excitement of the years 1798-1799, when the quasi war with France, the Alien and Sedition Acts, the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, and the Jacobin Clubs stirred the people, is reflected in a discussion at Cambridge of a suggestion from New Haven that the Phi Beta Kappa should be abolished because of the ' 'suspicion to which all secret societies are liable in the present dangerous and critical situation of the country. ' ' At Cambridge, at the annual meeting of 1798, the record states that the "public exercises were closed with the celebrated song, 'Adams and Liberty' sung in the true Federal stile." This was a song of nine stanzas, written by Robert Treat Paine and extremely popular. Its style is suggested by the first stanza : ' ' Ye sons of Columbia, who bravely have fought For those rights which, unstained, from your Sires had descended. May you long taste the blessings your valor has bought. And your sons reap the soil which your fathers defended. Mid the reign of mild peace May your nation increase. With the glory of Rome, And the wisdom of Greece, And ne'er may the sons of Columbia be slaves, WhUe the earth bears a plant, or the sea rolls its waves." The music was that of "To Anacreon in Heaven," now every- where familiar as "The Star Spangled Banner," with words written by Francis Scott Key. Of course, the most important political influence was that exerted by the episode of William Morgan and the anti-Masonic Alpha of Wisconsin 17 excitement. A member of Phi Beta Kappa, Mr. Avery Allyn, published in Boston in 1831 a volume entitled, ' ' Eitual of Freemasonry, to which is added a key to the Phi Beta Kappa, the Orange and Odd Fellows societies, with notes. ' ' The part containing the "Key to Phi Beta Kappa" was quoted in an article by Hon. John DeWitt "Warner, published in the Delta Kappa Epsilon Quarterly of October, 1866. One para- graph has interest in showing the serious danger attending the hapless student who may think of following philosophy as the guide of life: "Philosophy has been the watchword of infidels in every age, and by its learned and enchanting sound many unwary youths have been led to reject the only sure guide to Heaven." Mr. Allyn attacked the fraternity as being of foreign origin. Like others he had in mind the "Order of the lUuminati," a society whose name seems to have struck terror to the heart of many an American of the early days. He disclosed the motto and its meaning and helped to stir up a lively agitation for the removal of the ban of secrecy from the fraternity. It has been noted that Elisha Parmele's request that he be allowed to estab- lish the two New England chapters with less of mystery than that which attended the mother society was refused. In 1789 the Har- vard chapter voted that "because several persons not members of the society have endeavored to discover the manner of salutation peculiar to the Phi Beta Kappa : this manner be suspended until the next anniversary. ' ' The chapter at Dartmouth seems to have been rather opposed to secrecy for a long time. It abolished this feature of the fraternity in 1826. The struggle at Harvard came between July and September, 1831. Phi Beta Kappa was attacked on the ground of its being a secret society binding its members by an oath not to disclose its secrets. The president of the chap- ter, Edward Everett, wrote to Mr. Justice Story a letter which contained the following sentences : ' ' Several friends vrith whom I have conversed think it expedient whoUy to drop the affectation of secrecy and all its incidents. A change of the present name would naturally, but not necessarily, follow. One gentleman thinks the society useless and that it would be best to abolish it altogether, and I should be of this opinion, unless such a liberal change can be made 18 Phi Beta Kappa in the terms of admission as to make it a comprehensive fraternity of the children and friends of the college: on any other footing it can do the college little or no good." Several special meetings were held. The two lines of attack were on the secrecy and the oath and on the requirement of a unanimous vote for the admission of members. Among those advocating the changes were John Quincy Adams, Edward Ever- ett, and Mr. Justice Story. It was finally decided to provide for an election by three-fourths vote. It was also decided, "No oath or form of secrecy shall be required of any member of the society and all injunction of secrecy heretofore imposed by this branch of the Phi Beta Kappa Society shall be removed." It is interesting to note that at the annual meeting held on September 1, 1831, the proposition to elect members by a three- fourths majority was repealed, and while a committee was appointed to consider the subject and report at the next meeting, there is no record that any such report was ever made. The Yale chapter also was persuaded to abolish secrecy. A contemporary Yale man says : ' ' In those days freemasonry and anti-masonry fought their battles ; and a grave question of conscience arose about the promise of secrecy exacted on initiation into the Plii Beta Kappa Society. Harvard was for resolving the secrecy and it sent Edward Everett to the private meeting at Yale to advocate the cause. He used a tender tone, stood half -drooping as he spoke and touchingly set forth that the students at Harvard had such conscientious scruples as to keep them from taking the vow of secrecy and the society life was thus endangered. There was stout opposition but the motion prevailed and the missionary returned to gladden the tender consciences of the Harvard boys. The secret was out. The world did not stare at the discovery; and when a few years had passed the society went back to secrecy and revived its grip." In 1839 the Harvard chapter voted, ' ' That the ceremony of initiation having been rendered superfluous by the change in the organization of the society in 1825, be hereafter laid aside. ' ' As the records are missing for that year, the change made in 1825 is not clear, bu1;,in 1840 the need of some sort of ceremonial led to the adoption of a plan whereby "a brief history of the Society, an account of its principles and an explanation of its Alpha of Wisconsin 19 signs" made a form of initiation. Another attendant of this discussion of the place of Phi Beta Kappa was a consideration at Harvard of the general subject of a less restricted member- ship. On August 28, 1834, the "immediate members," that being a term used for undergraduates, asked the society whether they were obliged to nominate, before others, those who accord- ing to the system of the college were the first sixteen, or should themselves individually judge who were the best qualified as scholars and otherwise. The society voted that scholarship with a generally good character should be ground of election into Phi Beta Kappa Society, that the decision of the rank of each individual should be left with the immediate members who are to form their own opinion, but that it be recommended to them that the government scale of rank should be an important element in the formation of that opinion. It also resolved that the number of sixteen from each class should not be exceeded, because it was a number fixed by long usage. ■ It is likely that this expression of 1834 was the first action of the fraternity specifying scholarship as an essential element of membership. Exception may be taken to this statement. As the records are read, one is impressed with the fact that at William and Mary and at Dartmouth ability to declaim and debate was the criterion, although scholarship may have been considered in connection therewith. No conclusion can be drawn from the fact that at the annual meeting of the chapter there was a public oration and poem, nor can any argument be made from the literary exercises which each chapter held. The literary societies which flourished in all American colleges followed exactly the same custom. The Greek-letter fraternities which began to develop after 1825 invited their friends to public meetings of exactly the same character. In many of them the private meetings partook largely of the nature of a literary society assembly. In some instances this character still remains and in many others it was not abandoned until in comparatively recent years. 20 Phi Beta Kappa The impression is strong, therefore, that the period of anti- masonic and anti-secret agitation in the early thirties was an epoch making one for Phi Beta Kappa. Edward Everett Hale in an Atlantic Monthly article on Phi Beta Kappa states : "All unconsciously, to the immediate members of the fraternity at that time, a broadening of views and purposes now took place that in due time brought Phi Beta Kappa from the limited range of an ordinary Greek- letter fraternity into the larger ambition of a union of scholars." In other words, at that time Phi Beta Kappa ceased to be a Greek-letter fraternity of the type now familiar in our colleges, and became thereafter known principally as a fraternity of scholars. It seems entirely likely that if this agitation had not developed with the results already indicated. Phi Beta Kappa would remain today a Greek-letter fraternity of the standard type, having of course the great advantage of a half-century of existence previous to the time when Kappa Alpha was established at Union College as the pioneer in the modern college fraternity field. Prom this period of storm and stress interest in Phi Beta Kappa was greatly diminished. The charm of secrecy and the halo of mystery were gone. "Student activities" increased in number and in attractiveness. Even as early as 1819 they had affected Phi Beta Kappa, a minute of that year at Harvard noting : ' ' Since literaTy exercises have been dispensed with, which may be traced to the late surprising multiplication of lectures and so forth." Strong literary societies and college publications of varied type made their demands on the literary talent of the institutions. There was added also the difficulty of art-anging a time for Phi Beta Kappa celebrations at commencement without conflicting with meetings of alumni associations. It is true that in 1817 a fourth chapter was granted, this time to Union College, but it was eight years later before another one was granted, to Bowdoin. After five years Brown was favored. Then there was a period of fifteen years when but two more chapters were established. Extension at this time and up to 1883 was administered in a peculiar way. The ancient Harvard char- ter contained a provision which gave, Alpha op Wisconsin 21 "the privileges of the meeting Alpha in Virginia in granting charters for the establishment of other meetings anywhere within the State of Massa- chusetts Bay, which meetings are to stand in the same relation to you that the junior branches of this society stand to the meeting Alpha here." Under this plan the Alpha chapter in each state had power to grant charters to institutions in that state. This fact explains the varying number of stars formerly found on the Keys, a star being added for each new chapter in the state. So the Alpha of New York, at Union, founded chapters at New York University (1858), College of the City of New York (1867), Columbia (1869), Hamilton (1870), Hobart (1871), Colgate (1878), and Cornell (1882). The Alpha of Connecticut, at Yale, established the fraternity at Trinity (1845) and Wesleyan (1845). The Alpha of Massachusetts, at Harvard, chartered Amherst (1853) and Williams (1867). The existing Alpha chapters established the Alpha of Vermont, at the University of Vermont, in 1848, and it chartered Middlebury (1868) . The Alpha of Ohio, founded at Western Reserve in 1848, established the Kenyon (1858) and Marietta (1860) chapters. The Alpha of Alabama was granted in 1851 to the University of Alabama. An Alpha of New Jersey was chartered at Rutgers in 1869. And so, by slow growth. Phi Beta Kappa had chartered only twenty-three chapters in 1881. The fraternity had very little real life, the public exercises at commencement time being about the only outward evidence of activity. But there is much significance in the statement by Edward Everett Hale in his "Fossil from the Tertiary" article in the Atlantic Monthly, already quoted : "For nearly half a century Phi Beta Kappa was the only society in America that could pretend to be devoted to literature and philosophy, and it happened therefore that in the infant literature of the nation some noteworthy steps are marked by orations and poems delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa." The amount and character of this literature is now being indicated by a comprehensive "Bibliography of Phi Beta Kappa," which a Senator of the United Chapters, Professor Clark S. Ntorthup, of Cornell University, is working out in a series of articles in the Phi Beta Kappa Key. It was the richness and importance of this contribution of the fraternity to Ameri- 22 Phi Beta Kappa can letters, both formerly and now, which led to the plan of publication of a volume of "Representative Phi Beta Kappa Orations. ' ' As specific illustrations of this literature the follow- ing orations may be mentioned: R. W. Emerson, "The Amerioan Scholar," Harvard, 1837. H. Bushnell, "The Prineiplea of National Greatness," Yale, 1837. J. Durfee, "Science and Progress," Brown, 1843. A. P. Peabody, "The Connection Between Science and Religion," Har- vard, 1845. P. A. March, ' ' The Scholar of Today, ' ' Amherst, 1868. A. H. Bullock, "Intellectual Leadership in American History," Brown, 1875. B. G. Hoar, "Individualism," Vermont, 1880. C. H. Bell, "The Worship of Success," Dartmouth, 1881. E. B. Andrews, "The Social Plaint," N. T. Alumni, 1892. G. C. Southworth, "The Making of Our Civilization," Kenyon, 1892. A. D. White, "Evolution vs. Revolution in Politics," N. Y. Alumni, 1896, Cornell, 1913. T. N. Page, "The Hope of Democracy," William and Mary, 1900. B. I. Wheeler, "Things Human," Chicago, 1901. B. Perry, "The Amateur Spirit," Columbia, Tufts, 1901. J. J. Chapman, "The Unity of Human Nature," Hobart, 1901. F. E. Schelling, "Humanities Gone and to Come," Pennsylvania, 1902. W. H. Page, "The Cultivated Man in an Industrial Era," Chicago, Columbia, 1904. A. B. Hart, "The Hope of Democracy," Tufts, 1907. C. W. Eliot, "Academic Freedom," Cornell, 1907. E. L. Parsons, "Democracy and a Prophetic Ideal," Stanford, 1907. W. Wilson, "The Spirit of Learning," Harvard, 1909. B. Wendell, "The Mystery of Education," Johns Hopkins, 1909. E. A. Grosvenor, "The Attitude of the Scholar," North Carolina, 1909. J. Royce, "What Is Vital in Christianity f" Vassar, 1909. J. Dewey, ' ' Humanism, New and Old, ' ' Cornell, 1912. Another significant feature of Phi Beta Kappa, through all its history, has been the high character of its membership. "Writing of the founders of the fraternity, another Senator, the dis- tinguished Secretary of the United Chapters, Rev. Oscar M. Voorhees, says: ' ' The men who made Phi Beta Kappa are as worthy of study as the organization itself, for they immediately began to dis- tinguish themselves in the public life of their time. More than Alpha of Wisconsin 23 one-fourth of them served in the patriot army, and nearly one- third of them became members of the Virginia legislature. There were enough of them in the convention of 1788, which ratified the Constitution of the United States on the part of Virginia, to hold the balance of power and to determine the issue for ratifi- cation. From their number men were chosen to the Continental Congress and the Congress of the United States. One was clerk of the House of Representatives from its organization, and also Librarian of Congress. Two were esteemed judges of the highest court of Virginia; for a time two were United States Senators, one representing his native state and the other Kentucky, and for many years two others sat side by side as members of the Supreme Court of the United States, one of these being John Marshall, the Chief Justice. Thus, from the first, Phi Beta Kappa has been noted for its distinguished members. ' ' At the close of the college year of 1914 (June 30) the living membership of the fraternity included 27,645 names, of which 6,613 were those of women. In this list are to be found the names of many of the most eminent of present-day Americans. In his speech at the annual banquet of the Yale chapter, held March 18, 1907, William H. Taft, then Secretary of War, said that three- fourths of the distinguished graduates of Yale or any other uni- versity having a chapter would be found to have been Phi Beta Kappa men in college, though the society embraces scarcely one- tenth of each class. If the long roll of members since 1776 is examined, such notable names among the dead appear as those of John Quincy Adams, Charles Francis Adams, Chester A. Arthur, Jacob Abbott, George Bancroft, William CuUen Bryant, Phillips Brooks, Rufus Choate, James D. Dana, Jeremiah Daj"^, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Edward Everett, James A. Garfield, Albert Harkness, William Rainey Harper, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Oliver Wendell Plolmes, Adoniram Judson, John Larkin Lincoln, Elias Loomis, James RusseU Lowell, Henry W. Longfello\v, Horace Mann, John Marshall, William Walter Phelps, William H. Prescott, Franklin Pierce, Noah Porter, Ezekiel Gilman Robin- son, Charles Sumner, William Graham Sumner, Francis Way- land, William Dwight Whitney, and Theodore Dwight Woolsey. 24 Phi Beta Kappa In another particular Phi Beta Kappa deserves special dis- tinction. The records of the Harvard chapter, under the date of June 28, 1877, read : "A communication was read from the Corresponding Secretary of the Phi Beta l£appa, Alpha of Vermont, stating that whereas young women were now admitted to the University of Vermont on the same terms as young men; it has been resolved by that chapter that 'all graduates of the University should be eligible to membership in the Phi Beta Kappa without distinction of sex.' No action was taken on this communication." . The development of this feature of the fraternity is described by Secretary Voorhees in his article, "Phi Beta Kappa, Past and Present": "In this respect Phi Beta Kappa is absolutely unique among Greek-letter fraternities. It was not of set purpose that the society thus broadened its ideas respecting membership. It is true that the original charters contained the bold statements that 'it is repugnant to the liberal principles of societies that they should be confined to any place, men, or description of men, and as the same should be extended to the wise and virtuous of every degree and every country ' ; — but it is scarcely possible that the founders imagined that women would sometimes be included among the 'wise and virtuous' to whom membership should be extended. However, as scholarship came to be the chief requisite, and as the privilege of pursuing full collegiate courses was granted to women, it was only a matter of time when their eligibility should be recognized, and they be admitted as a matter of right, not of concession. The problem was first faced by the Alpha chapter of Vermont at the University when, in 1875, two women attained the honor grade. As at the first appearance of woman it required a deep sleep on the part of man to prepare him to receive his helpmate, so the Vermont chapter slept over the proposition, and the next day accorded the women the wel- come to which they were rightfully entitled. The issue once decided, other chapters had less difficulty in adapting their practice to the changed conditions. In the Cornell chapter, which was organized in 1883, no restrictions as to sex have ever prevailed. As co-education has become established in some Eastern and practically all Western institutions, a large propor- Alpha op "Wisconsin 25 tion of the chapters now admit womeu. Chapters also exist in six colleges for women, Vassar being the first of the class to win the coveted honor. Her charter was granted in 1889. Two women are now Senators of the United Chapters. Phi Beta Kappa has eliminated all fortuitous distinctions, such as race, color, creed, and sex, and selects its members primarily on the basis of scholarship. It is essentially democratic, while constantly recognizing the aristocracy of intellectual acquirements. It thus enjoys the proud distinction of being, among American educa- tional institutions, the chief 'congerver and rewarder of scholastic attainments.' " The new Phi Beta Kappa dates from 1881, and to the Alpha of Massachusetts belongs the honor of having proposed a closer union of the various chapters of Phi Beta Kappa by inviting them to send delegates to its one-hundredth anniversary and to a fra- ternity convention in connection therewith. A majority of the twenty-three chapters responded, and the organization of the United Chapters was the ultimate result. This convention was held in Cambridge, June 30, 1881. Before the organization was completed, two additional meetings were held in New York City, on October 18, 1881, and September 6 and 7, 1882, respectively. At the latter meeting a constitution was adopted and sent to the chapters for ratification. Being duly ratified, according to its provisions the first National Council was called, and met in Saratoga, N. Y., September 5, 1883. Thirteen chapters were represented. Since that date all the existing chapters have ratified the Constitution, the Alpha of Virginia and the Alpha of Alabama have been revived, and have joined the organization, and sixty-one charters have been granted and chapters instituted, making eighty-six chapters in all. The roll is as follows : 1. 1776 William and Mary College. 2. 1780 Yale University. 3. 1781 Harvard University. 4. 1787 Dartmouth College. 5. 1817 Union University. 6. 1825 Bowdoin CoUege. 7. 1830 Brown University. 26 Phi Beta Kappa 8. 1845 Trinity College. 9. 1845 Wesleyan University. 10. 1847 Western Reserve University. 11. 1848 University of Vermont. 12. 1851 University of Alabama. 13. 1853 Amherst College. 14. 1858 Kenyon College. 15. 1858 New York University. 16. 1860 Marietta College. 17. 1864 Williams College. 18. 1867 College of the City of New York. 19. 1868 Middlebury College. 20. 1869 Rutgers College. 21. 1869 Columbia University. 22. 1870 Hamilton College. 23. 1871 Hobart College. 24. 1878 Colgate University. 25. 1882 Cornell University. 26. 1887 Dickinson College. 27. 1887 Lehigh University. 28. 1887 Rochester University. 29. 1889 De Pauw University. 30. 1890 Northwestern University. 31. 189,0 University of Kansas. 32. 1890 Lafayette College. 33. 1892 Tufts College. 34. 1892 University of Pennsylvania. 35. 1892 University of Minnesota. 36. 1895 University of Iowa. 37. 1895 Johns Hopkins University. 38. 1896 University of Nebraska. 39. 1896 Colby College. 40. 1896 Syracuse University. 41. 1896 Swarthmore College. 42. 1898 Wabash College. 43. 1898 University of California. 44. 1899 Haverford College. Alpha of Wisconsin 2/ 45. 1899 University of Wisconsin. 46. 1899 Boston University. 47. 1899 Vassar College. 48. 1899 University of Cincinnati. 49. 1899 Princeton University. 50. 1899 St. Lawrence University. 51. 1899 University of Chicago. 52. 1901 Vanderbilt University. 53. 1901 University of Missouri. 54. 1902 Allegheny CoUege. 55. 1904 University of Colorado. 56. 1904 Smith College. 57. 1904 Stanford University. 58. 1904 University of North Carolina. 59. 1904 Colorado College. 60. 1904 Wellesley College. 61. 1904 Ohio State University. 62. 1905 Mt. Holyoke College. 63. 1905 University of Texas. 64. 1905 Goucher College. 65. 1907 Oberlin College. 66. 1907 Ohio Wesleyan University. 67. 1907 University of Illinois. 68. 1907 University of Michigan. 69. 1908 Franklin and Marshall College. 70. 1908 Grinnell College. 71. 1909 University of Virginia. 72. 1909 Tulane University. 73. 1910 West Virginia University. 74. 1911 Denison University. 75. 1911 Indiana University. 76. 1911 Washington and Lee University. 77. 1911 Miami University. 78. 1911 Beloit College. 79. 1914 Lawrence College. 80. 1914 Pomona College. 81. 1914 University of Georgia. 28 Phi Beta Kappa 82. 1914 Carleton College. 83. 1914 Washington State University. 84. 1914 Radcliffe College. 85. 1914 Washington University. 86. 1914 University of North Dakota. 87. 1916 Knox College. 88. 1916 Randolph-Macon College. 89. 1916 Bates College. The officers of the fraternity since its reorganization have been: President Pres. Chas W. Eliot, LL.D 1883-1886 Hon. Matthew Hale, LL.D 1886-1889 Col. Thomas W. Higginson, LL.D 1889-1895 Bishop Henry C. Potter, LL.D 1895-1898 Hon. John A. DeRemer, LL.D 1898-1907 Prof. Edwin A. Grosvenor, LL.D 1907- VlCE-PRESIDENT Hon. Matthew Hale, LL.D 1883-1886 Col. Thomas W. Higginson, LL.D 1886-1889 Prof. Francis P. Nash, LL.D. 1889-18&2 Prof. Adolph Werner, Ph.D 1892-1895 Hon. John A. DeRemer, LL.D 1895-1898 Prof. James C. VanBenschoten, LL.D 1898-1902 Rev. Bben B. Parsons, LL.D 1904-1907 Hon. John J. McCook 1907-1911 Prof, Edward Asahel Birge, LL.D 1913- Secbetabt and Tbeasdebb Prof. Adolph Werner, Ph.D 1883-1889 Rev. Eben B. Parsons, D.D. 1889-1901 Rev. Oscar M. Voorhees, D.D 1901-1913 Seceetart Rev. Oscar M. Voorhees, D.D 1913- 350 E. 146th St., New York, N. Y. Alpha of Wisconsin 29 Teeasukee Mr. David Layton, M.S 1913- The Senate of the fraternity is composed of the following : Senator fob Life Prof. Samuel Hart, D.C.L., Middletown, Conn 1892 Senators, 1913-1919 Pres. John H. Finley, LL.D., Albany, N. Y 1913 Prof. Edwin A. Grosvenor, LL.D., Amherst, Mass 1901 Pres. John G. Hibben, LL.D., Princeton, N. J 1913 Hon. Darwin P. Kingsley, LL.D., New York, N. Y 1916 Librarian "William C. Lane, A.B., Cambridge, Mass 1916 Prof. Francis W. Shepardson, LL.D., Chicago, 111 1913 Pres. Charles F. Thwing, LL.D., Cleveland, Ohio 1895 Pres. George E. Vincent, LL.D., Minneapolis, Minn 1913 Rev. Oscar M. Voorhees, D.D., New York, N. Y. . . , 1901 Pres. Mary E. Woolley, LL.D., South Hadley, Mass 1907 Senators, 1916-1922 Dean Edward A. Birge, LL.D., Madison, Wis 1904 Dean Virginia C. Gildersleeve, LL.D., New York, N. Y 1916 Pres. Hollis Godfrey, Sc.D., Philadelphia, Pa 1916 Pres. A. Lawrence Lowell, LL.D., Cambridge, Mass 1910 Editor Hamilton W. Mabie, LL.D., New York, N. Y 1898 Prof. Clark S. Northup, Ph.D., Ithaca, N. Y 1910 Prof. Felix E. Schelling, LL.D., Philadelphia, Pa 1916 Pres. Ellen F. Pendleton, LL.D., Wellesley, Mass 1910 Editor Albert Shaw, LL.D., New York, N. Y 1913 Director Talcott Williams, LL.D., New York, N. Y 1904 The badge of the fraternity consists of a gold watch key engraved on one side with the Greek initials of the name, and a hand pointing to a cluster of three stars. On the other side are the Latin initials "S. P.," the date of founding of the original chapter, and the name, college, and class of the owner. The Greek letters stand for the motto of the society, ^iXoaoifta Biou KuPspv^irir)?, usually translated "Philosophy, the guide of Life." The meaning of "S. P." was long variously interpreted 30 Phi Beta Kappa as Societas Philosophiae, Societas Philosophica, Soeietatis Parti- eeps, Soeietatum Prineeps, Societas Philosopliorum, Signum Principium, Salus Patriae, Scientia et Prudentia, Scientia et Philosophia. The original records indicate that these letters represented an alternative name of the Society. Investigations by a Senator of the United Chapters, Dean E. A. Birge of the University of Wisconsin, have proved that one of the first two interpretations given above is the correct wording, preference being given to the first because of the traditions of the mother chapter at William and Mary College. The National Council of the fraternity has held eleven meet- ings since the establishment of the United Chapters, that of 1907 at Williamsburg, Virginia, those of 1910 and 1913 in New York City, 1916 in Philadelphia, and all the rest at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., as follows : 1— September 5, 1883 ; 2— September 1, 1886 ; 3— September 4, 1889 ; 4— September 7, 1892 ; 5— September 11, 1895 ; 6— Sep- tember 7, 1898; 7— September 12, 1901; 8— September 7, 1904; 9— September 12, 1907 ; 10— September 14, 1910 ; 11— September 9, 1913 ; September 12, 1916. Since 1883, then. Phi Beta Kappa has been active and ener- getic. It now has eighty-six chapters well scattered throughout the United States. It has an effective organization. It publishes an attractive magazine, The Phi Beta Kappa Key, now in its third volume. Twelve numbers are issued during the triennium between the meetings of its National Council. Its ofiicers are aggressive and earnest, and after all these years, it bids fair to realize the ambitions of the far-sighted men at old William and Mary who proclaimed one hundred and thirty-five years ago their desire to make a national fraternity. The influence of the new organization has been felt all over the country in the revival of long dormant branches, in the quickening of the living chap- ters, and in the eagerness with which institutions not now repre- sented seek a place on its roster. THE PHI BETA KAPPA BADGE By Oscae M. Vooehees, D.D., Secketaet of the United Chaptees (Eeprinted from The Phi Beta Kappa Key, Vol. I. No. 2.) HiSTOEICAIi The design of the Phi Beta Kappa medal was adopted on the day the society was organized, December 5, 1776, and this date was engraved on all their medals, one of which each member was obliged to secure. These medals were of silver, one inch square, and contained three stars. Nothing appears in the minutes as to the use made of them, and we are unable to determine whether they were worn regularly, or only at meetings and on state occa- sions. That their possession was deemed important is evident from the clause inserted in the early charters, which provides that each member of the new branches ' ' be provided with a medal of the same form and kind with that herewith transmitted you." At Harvard this requirement was interpreted liberally, for the silver medal there adopted was larger than the original, and contained the date of their organization, September 5, 1781. The branch at Yale, however, adhered to the original size of medal with its earlier date. When in 1787 the branch at Dart- mouth was authorized, it was arranged that Harvard should pre- pare the charter, and Yale give the laws, the secrets, and the badge. Hence Dartmouth has helped preserve the original date, December 5, 1776, though it was not particular as to the size of the medal, for the oldest one there preserved is slightly smaller than the original. Thus the custom of having different-sized medals has warrant in early practice, though we find no resolution definitely authorizing this variation. As the society at "William and Mary was disbanded in January, 1781, the three New England branches took its place and deter- mined the course of the fraternity's development. Though 32 Phi Beta Kappa applications for charters were frequently received, no new branch was authorized until 1817. During that time Harvard seems to have adhered to its original silver medal, and Yale to have experimented with varying designs, as a result of which the square gold medal with the stem of a steel watch key attached came to be quite generally used. The three stars were retained and came to be regarded as indicating the three branches. When the fourth branch was instituted at Union, in 1817, the medal was changed by adding a star. In other respects Union preserved the Yale badge or key, as we learn from one of Mr. J. W. Ford, Union '24, now in the possession of his grandson, J. W. Ford, of New Haven, Conn. The Alpha of Maine was the fifth branch to be authorized. Its charter is dated October 25, 1824, and its organization was effected the February 22d following. While its charter provided "That the members of the Alpha of Maine, each of them, be provided with a medal of the same form and kind with that here- with transmitted you without any alteration whatever," this clause was again interpreted liberally, for the medal adopted by the new branch, while of silver and closely resembling the original medal, was not quite square, it contained five stars, and had "Alpha of Maine" in script above, and "Feb'y 22d 1825," below the "S. P." While the plan of the Bowdoin branch of placing its own name and date on its medals did not prevail, its addition of a star did ; for the July following the Union branch "on motion resolved that the badge of the society be altered by the addition of another star. ' ' The other branches seem to have acquiesced in this action and mutually approved the plan of adding a star on the organization of each Alpha. So it came about that, though the Phi Beta Kappa key came to have some well-recognized features, there was a marked lack of uniformity. Various designs of borders were offered, and the inscriptions were changed and rearranged at the whim of the manufacturer or the wearer. This diversity seems out of harmony with the dignity of the Phi Beta Kappa. The attention of the chapters was called to this diversity in a publication issued in June, 1903, from which we quote a para- graph : THE ORIGINAL PHI BETA KAPPA MEDAL "And for tlie better establishment and sanctitude of our unanimity, a square silver medal was agreed upon and instituted, engraved on the one side with S. P., the initials of the Latin Societas Philosophiae, and on the other, agreeable to the former, with the Greek initials of ^L^oaoqjia BlOlJ KupeQvriTT)? and an index imparting a pilosophical design, extended to the three stars, a part of the planetary orb distinguished.'* The second paragraph of the original records. The letters following the initials of the Latin and Greek mottoes were afterwards erased. W MEDAL OF DANIEL WELD, JR., HARVARD, 1823 Notice the date, the size, one and one-eighth inch square, and the five stars. The five stars indicate either that the branch at Bowdoin had been voted, or that the medal had been secured after the organization there had been effected. The two additional stars seem to indicate the existence of five Alphas. This type of raedal was in use at Harvard for many years. Prof. Samuel C. Derby, Harvard '66, of Ohio State University, has a medal of this type, containing, however, his own name and six stars. Harvard seems not to have adopted the key form until the early seventies. AN EARLY YALE MEDAL Notice that the date of the fraternity's urt^nnization is itrtsf rvfd. as Ikim been Yale's practice from the first. This peculiar design seems not to have won favor, but it illustrates the tendency to experiment that later led to the attachment uf => steel key stem, and so to the familiar type of Phi Beta Kappa key. THE STANDARD PHI BETA KAPPA KEY No. 1. No. 2. ilr No. 3. No. 4. (NOTE — These cuts courteously loaned by J. F. Newman, the official jeweler of the society.) Alpha op "Wisconsin 33 It would seem advisable that some regulations should be adopted respect- ing the medal or key of Phi Beta Kappa. Many shapes and sizes are in use, almost as many in fact as there are jewelers engaged in their manu- facture. Some have rounded comers, though the early ones were square. The number of stars varies from three, as at first, to ten, as required by the Alpha of New Jersey. If any definite regulations are to be adopted, they should grow out of the history of the medal and not be arbitrarily enacted. No action was taken until 1907, when a committee was appointed "to consider the question of the medal or key of the fraternity with a view to preparing a design that should, on adoption by a succeeding Council, be accepted as the official badge of the Fra- ternity." It was the understanding that the committee should report its findings to the chapters previous to the Council of 1910. The comamittee consisted of the Secretary, Dean Birge of the Wis- consin chapter,vand Professors Reed, Lane, and Lord of the Yale, Harvard, and Dartmouth chapters, respectively. By inserting notices in various publications and also by cor- respondence the committee endeavored to get together as much information as is available respecting the evolution of the key. On the basis of the information so gathered, which is summarized above, a preliminary report was prepared and printed in May, 1910. As the result of various criticisms, some modifications were proposed before the Council. But without taking definite action on any of the matters submitted, the Council referred the question back to the committee with instructions "to prepare a design and submit it to the chapters. ' ' In accordance with these instructions the following report was presented, with the accompanying design. It is expected that each chapter will be guided by the report and will take definite action to conform its practice thereto. Chapters are asked to present a copy of the report to the jewelers from whom its members are accustomed to procure their keys. The concluding paragraph of the preliminary report is also here quoted : "In adopting an official badge we make it clear that no manufacturer is to be designated badge maker to the fraternity. But any chapter may enter into a contract for keys for its members. ' ' 34 Phi Beta Kappa Report op the Committee The Council of 1910 approved so mtich of the report of the committee appointed in 1907 as recommended that the design of the earlier keys be accepted as a basis of a final report. Without passing on the other matters submitted by the committee, the Council referred the matter back to them with instructions to pre- pare a design and submit it to the chapters. The purpose in view when the committee was first appointed was the adoption of "a design of key that should be accepted as standard. ' ' Hence the design herewith submitted is by authority of the Council and is binding upon new chapters. It is also commended to the other chapters for favorable action. The committee adheres to the recommendation contained in the preliminary report that "any chapter that has already adopted a design of badge be allowed to retain it. ' ' But in the case of other chapters it is expected that new members will secure keys of the standard pattern. The atten- tion of chapters is also called to the resolution of the Council of 1901 that requests manufacturers and jewelers to refuse to deliver "a Phi Beta Kappa key to any person except upon an order countersigned by an officer of a chapter." The design herewith submitted provides for a key, the measure- ments of which are in the proportion of 32 to 29. Four regular sizes are authorized, the superior measurements of No. 1 being that of the original medal — one inch. Numbers 2, 3, and 4 are each one-eighth inch shorter than the next larger size. The border design is simple, and the inscriptions practically identical with those of the original medal. The three stars of the medal are retained, as they represent the three principles in the "philoso- phy" which the founders accepted as the "guide of life": Fra- ternity, Morality, and Literature. On the reverse the inscriptions follow closely those of the medal, except that the script monogram " S. P. " is engraved upon the middle portion of the face, leaving room above for the name, college, and class year of wearer, wliieh may be engraved in Roman or script. This arrangement is found in use as early as 1827 on a Yale key now in the possession of President Grosvenor. Alpha of Wisconsin 35 From keys still in existence the committee is led to believe that the transition from the original medal to the key was made by attaching the stem of a steel watch key to a medal. This was no doubt done because of its utility. As a great variety of stem forms have been in use, the committee does not now deem it advisable to insist upon any particular length or design of the stem. It leaves this and the ring to the artistic sense of the manufacturer and the taste of the purchaser. While this report provides for a key, the committee sees no reason why any member who prefers a medal should not wear one, providing it be made after the standard design, and be square, as was the original medal. The following features are ruled out as contrary to early usage : Boxed keys, wide borders, enameled letters, and rounded comers. And, further, the key must not be converted into a pin by solder- ing the pin to any part of either face, since this mutilates the key. The committee, however, recognizing the particular needs of the women, offers no objection to attaching a suitable pin to the ring, or to fastening a clasp, if desired, to the stem of the key. But strong preference is expressed for such an arrangement as will provide for wearing the key suspended, in accordance with well- nigh universal custom. With this in view the committee has under consideration the design of a bar or chatelet so arranged as to be easily attached to a watch fob or the clothing, from which the key or medal may be suspended. It hopes to present to the chapters such a design . previous to the Council of 1913. If approved, the use of this bar may be authorized by the Council. If recommended, it will be with the definite understanding that the bar is never to be used alone, but only as a device from which a Phi Beta Kappa key may be suspended. CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE UNITED CHAPTERS OF PHI BETA KAPPA ARTICLE I Composition of the National Council The National Council of the Phi Beta Kappa Society shall consist of the Senators hereinafter spoken of, and of delegates from the several Chapters of the Society. Each Chapter shall he entitled to send three delegates, who shall be graduates of at least five years' standing and members of the Phi Beta Kappa Society, but not necessarily of the Chapter by which they are chosen. ARTICLE II The Senate The Senate shall originally consist of twenty Senators, chosen by the delegates at the first session of the National Council, from the Society at large. These shall be divided into two classes, whose terms of office shall expire at the adjournment of alternate regular sessions of the National Council. At every subsequent regular session the places of the outgoing class shall be filled by election as follows : At a meeting to be held at least six months before the regular session of the National Council, the Senate shall nominate fifteen candidates in addition to the members of the outgoing class for the ten vacant seats, and also two candi- dates for the unexpired term of each Senator who may have died or resigned since the last regular session. Sample ballots containing the list of Senators whose terms are to expire, the list of nominees, and blank spaces for other names, together with full directions for voting, shall be sent to every delegate at least a month before the meeting of the Council. Other persons not nominated by the Senate may be presented as candidates at the time of the election. Of every ten members whose term Alpha op Wisconsin 37 of ofSce shall expire, one may be elected by the Council Senator for life. In every election of Senators a majority of the votes cast shall be required to elect, and in such elections the outgoing Senators shall have no vote. The Senate may fill vacancies in its own body till the next meeting of the National Council. Note. — A proposed amendment will be before the Council requiring the nomination of Senators at least six months before the meeting of the Council, and that delegates be informed of such nominations. ARTICLE III Officers op the National Council The officers of the National Council shall be a President, a Vice-president, a Secretary, and a Treasurer, and such others as may be found necessary from time to time. The President shall be chosen from among the Senators. ARTICLE IV Sessions and Functions of the Council The National Council shall meet every third year at such place and time as shall have been determined by the officers of the United Chapters, and shall proceed at once to the election first of its officers and next of the Senators. The National Council shall make such rules as may be found necessary for the carrying out of any provision of this Constitution. ARTICLE V The Senate and Its Functions During the session of the National Council the Senate shall have no separate existence, but its members shall take their places with the delegates as members of the National Council, voting with the delegates, as well upon all other matters as upon the election of Officers and Senators, except as provided in Article II. When the National Council is not in session the Senate shall constitute an independent body, charged with the duty of representing the Phi Beta Kappa Society and speaking in its name, and exercis- ing, in addition, the functions of a permanent Executive Com- 38 Phi Beta Kappa mittee of the National Council. It shall hold its meetings at such times and places as' it shall determine, being first called together by that Senator, who, at the original election of the Senate, shall have been elected by the largest number of votes. It shall recommend candidates for election as Senators. It shall also have power to call an extra session of the National Council. It shall furthermore prepare and recommend to the consideration of the National Council such matters as it may deem proper. It shall transmit its lists of candidates and of matters recommended for discussion, by the hands of the secretary, to the presiding officer of the National Council immediately upon its organization being completed. It shall also transmit, in the same manner, to the National Council, a report of its doings between the sessions of the Council. Nothing herein shall be so construed as to dero- gate from the right of the National Council to appoint Commit- tees to sit between sessions, independently of the Senate, and to report at the next session. ARTICLE VI New Chapters Applications for charters shall, in all cases, be made to the Senate, at least six months before the regular session of the National Council. The Senate at least six months previous to such session shall notify all the chapters of such applications, aiid such applications shall be reported to the National Council with the recommendation of the Senate at the next meeting of the Council, and shall be passed upon by the Council, which shall have exclusive power to grant charters. But no charters shall be issued without the consent of delegations representing a majority of the chapters. ARTICLE VII By-laws and Rules of Order The National Council at any of its sessions, and the Senate at any time, may respectively make such By-laws and Rules of Order as may be thought expedient for their use, provided the same be not inconsistent with any of the provisions of this Con- Alpha of Wisconsin 39 stitution. A quorum of the National Council shall consist of delegates from a majority of the chapters and not fewer than three Senators; the Senate shall determine the number which shall constitute its quorum. (The present number is five.) ARTICLE VIII Rights op Chapters Nothing contained in this constitution shall be construed as empowering the Senate or the National Council to restrict or abridge the rights or privileges now exercised by existing Chap- ters, except as expressly provided herein. ARTICLE IX Amendments to the Constitution No change shall be made in this Constitution unless the same shall have been proposed at the session of the National Council next preceding the session at which the proposed change is voted for; and no vote shall be had upon any such proposed change except at a stated hour previously ordered by the meeting, and no amendment shall be made without the concurrence of the delegates of two-thirds of the Chapters represented in the Council. ARTICLE X Adoption op the Constitution This Constitution shall take effect when ratified by fourteen Chapters. (Sixteen chapters ratified it before July, 1883.) BY-LAWS I. Elections and Officers All elections shall be by ballot. The President shall preside over the meetings of the Council. In his absence the Vice- president shall perform his duties. When both are absent a president pro tempore shall be chosen viva voce. The Secretary shall keep the records of the Council, conduct its correspondence, and send to the Senate and to each chapter a certified report of 40 Phi Beta Kappa the proceedings of each session. The Treasurer shall collect and disburse all funds of the Council, and report at each session thereof. (At the Council of 1892, the treasurer requested that the financial report be submitted to an auditor appointed by the president after its presentation.) II. Oedee op Business 1. Calling the Roll. 2. Reading the minutes. 3. Reports of officers. 4. Communication from the Senate on nominations. 5. Election of officers. 6. Election of senators. 7. Communications from the Senate on new chapters and other matters. 8. Miscellaneous business. III. Voting In all eases not otherwise provided for by the Constitution each Senator and delegate present shall be entitled to cast one vote. (In establishing new chapters the Constitution requires a vote by delegations, each delegation having one vote.) IV. Registration and Assessment Each chapter shall report promptly to the secretary the names of all persons elected to membership. Such report shall contain the information called for by the secretary and shall be made on forms furnished by him. Each chapter shall pay the sum of $1 to the treasurer for each person elected to membership of any type except associate mem- bers. No chapter shall pay an amount less than $10 for any triennium. Each new member so reported with the accompanying fee of $1 shall be entitled to receive the Phi Beta Kappa Key for the term of one year, provided there is furnished an address to which The Key may be sent. The Key shall be sent for three Alpha op "Wisconsin 41 years to each new member for whom the sum of $1.50 shall be sent to the treasurer with the announcement of his election. V. Peoceduee The proceedings of the Council, in all cases not provided for in the constitution, or the by-laws, shall conform to the rules laid down in Gushing 's Manual. VI. Endorsement of New Chapters AH applications for future charters shall have the endorsement of at least five existing chapters prior to presentation to the Senate. No charter shall be issued until those applying for the same have paid to the Treasurer of the National Council $50 as a franchise fee. VII. Amendments These by-laws, or any of them, may be suspended, altered, or amended at any meeting of the Council by a two-thirds vote of the members of the Council present and voting. THE WISCONSIN ALPHA CHAPTER OF PHI BETA KAPPA By Professor M. S. Slaughter On September 7, 1898, the sixth triennial meeting of the Council of the United Chapters of Phi Beta Kappa granted a charter of the society to the University of Wisconsin. At the same time the Council granted charters to California, Chicago, and Princeton. The charter members of the Wisconsin chapter were : Charles Kendall Adams, Edward Asahel Birge, Frank Gaylord Hubbard, William Amasa Scott, and Frank Chapman Sharp. On February 2, 1899, President Charles Kendall Adams called a meeting of the fifteen members of Phi Beta Kappa in the Uni- versity faculty for the purpose of organizing the Wisconsin chapter. The organization was soon effected with Dean E. A. Birge as the first president. Regulations were adopted for the election of undergraduate members, and a committee was appointed to prepare a list of eligible undergraduates. Not more than seven juniors nor more than fourteen seniors were to be chosen from any class. This number represented a fair per- centage of the classes at that time, and this rule remained unchanged until 1912. In that year the chapter adopted a per centum basis of selection: not more than 3% of the juniors who had been in residence for five semesters to be chosen, nor more than 7% of the seniors who had been in residence for three or more semesters. From the classes 1899-1911, two hundred and seventy- two undergraduates came into the chapter, and from the classes 1912-1916 one hundred and ninety -one, making a total of four hundred and seventy-three. From the first, the faculty members of Phi Beta Kappa have constituted the electors to choose the undergraduate members. All candidates for the bachelor's degree in the College of Letters AiiPHA OF Wisconsin 43 and Science are eligible for membership regardless of courses or subjects pursued. A committee on membership prepares classi- fied lists showing the relative scholarship according to their numerical standing of twice as many students as are to be elected. Prom these lists of candidates the electors choose the required number, giving their attention chiefly to the position of the candidate on the list, but not following the order rigidly. Since 1915 a permanent membership committee investigates the records and character of the students whose names are on the lists, and presents a full report to the electors. This method became necessary because the number of electors had increased from fifteen in 1899 to one hundred and fifteen in 1915. The chapter has one honorary member, Professor George L. Hendriekson of Yale University, elected in 1904. No "foundation" members were chosen at the time of the establishment of the chapter, but in 1913 a committee of five electors, who had worked for a year on the investigation of past records, submitted a list of candidates for membership chosen from the alumni of the University from 1854 to 1898. This 'list was approved by the chapter. Two hundred and five alumni accepted the election and were added to the roll of Phi Beta Kappa at Wisconsin. The number of alumni of the College of Letters and Science in the classes from 1854 to 1898 was 1771. The first initiation of undergraduate members occurred on June 16, 1899, when twenty-one seniors and seven juniors were received into the society. At that time the precedent was established of celebrating the annual initiation by an address and a banquet. The address is sometimes public and sometimes for the members alone. In the eighteen years of the chapter's his- tory the following eminent men have addressed the chapter: Paul Shorey, Richard Burton, John Bascom, Nathaniel S. Shaler, Arthur T. Hadley, George L. Hendriekson, Robert M. Lovett, William Trelease, Charles N. Gregory, Edward A. Birge (twice), James R. Angell, Edward B. Eaton, Robert M. Wenley, Talcott Williams, Edward Potts Cheney, George E. Woodberry, and Dana C. Monro. CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE ALPHA CHAPTER OF THE PHI BETA KAPPA SOCIETY IN THE STATE OF WISCONSIN CONSTITUTION ARTICLE I Name This society is one of the coordinate branches of the body known as THE UNITED CHAPTERS OF THE PHI BETA KAPPA and shall be called the ALPHA CHAPTER OP THE PHI BETA KAPPA SOCIETY IN THE STATE OP WISCONSIN. ARTICLE II Object The object of the Phi Beta Kappa society is the promotion of scholarship and friendship among students and graduates of American colleges. ARTICLE III Membership The membership of this chapter shaU include all members of the Phi Beta Kappa society resident in Madison and aU persons elected by the chapter. ARTICLE IV Electors The members of the Phi Beta Kappa Society in the faculty of the University of Wisconsin who have held the rank of instructor or professor in this institution for one full year shall constitute the electors of the chapter. Alpha op Wisconsin 46 ARTICLE V Ofticees The ofScers of this chapter shall be a President, Vice-president, Secretary, and Treasurer. ARTICLE VI Members The following persons shall be eligible to membership in this chapter : First. Students of the University of Wisconsin who are candi- dates for the Bachelor's degree in the College of Letters and Science, and who are distinguished for academic attainments. The maximum number of Juniors to be elected shall never exceed three per cent of the total number of Juniors eligible for consideration. The maximum number of Seniors to be elected shall never exceed seven per cent of the number of Seniors eligible for consideration. (See by-law III.) Second. Persons who have received the Bachelor's degree from the University of Wisconsin prior to the institution of this chapter. Third. Members of other chapters of the Phi Beta Kappa society who may be in Madison. Fourth. Any person distinguished in letters, science, art, or education may be elected an honorary member of this chapter. But not more than three honorary members may be elected in any one year. ARTICLE VII Expulsion In addition to scholarship, good moral character shall be a qualification of membership, and any member who is found to have lost this qualification may be expelled from the society by a four-fifths vote of the electors present at a regular annual meeting of the chapter. ARTICLE VIII Council This chapter shall send a delegation to represent it at each National Council of the United Chapters, shall contribute its 46 Phi Beta Kappa equal part to the financial support of the United Chapters, and shall conform to the constitution of the United Chapters and aU the lawful requirements of the National Council. ARTICLE IX Amendment This constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of the electors present at any regular annual meeting. Written notice of the amendment proposed to the constitution shall be sent to all electors of this chapter at least one month before a regular annual meeting. BY-LAWS I Time of Meeting The regular annual meeting of this chapter shall be held at the call of the President as early in the second semester as the Membership Committee is prepared to report the list of under- graduates eligible for election at that time. Special meetings for the transaction of extraordinary business may be held at any time at the call of the President or at the request of any five members. All business meetings shall be open only to electors. II Elections All elections of members shall be by ballot of individual electors. Ill Method of Nominating and Electing Undergraduates First. Eligibility for Undergraduate Membership. The Juniors eligible for consideration shall be students of full Junior rank, who are candidates for a Bachelor's degree, and who have a minimum of five semesters' actual residence at the University of Wisconsin (or four semesters and three summer sessions). Of Alpha of Wisconsin 47 these, the names of the six per cent having the highest average standing (at least 90) shall be submitted to the Chapter for its consideration in the manner provided in the Second Section of this Article ; the chairmen of departments in the college of Let- ters and Science, whether members of the Phi Beta Kappa or not, may present additional names to be added to this list. The Seniors eligible for consideration shall be students of full Senior rank who are candidates for the Bachelor 's degree, and who have a minimum of three semesters' actual residence at the Uni- versity of Wisconsin (or two semesters and three summer sessions). Of these, the names of the fourteen per cent — exclud- ing those previously elected — having the highest average standing (at least 87) shall be submitted to the chapter for its considera- tion in the manner provided in the Second Section of this Article ; the chairmen of departments in the College of Letters and Science, whether members of Phi Beta Kappa or not, may present addi- tional names to be added to this list. Second. Membership Committee. At the time of the regular annual meeting there shall be appointed by the President from among the electors, no two being chosen from the same depart- ment, a committee of six to be known as the Membership Commit- tee. These six shall be divided by lot into three classes ; the term of the first expiring at the end of one year after their appoint- ment, of the second at the end of the second year, and of the third at the end of the third year ; and after their second appointment the terms of all shall be for three years. It shall be the duty of the President to fill all vacancies for unexpired terms as they occur. It shall be the duty of this committee to decide what subjects are to be excluded from those determining the percentages, to prepare, in accordance with the terms of Section I of this Article, a list of Juniors and of Seniors for presentation at the annual meeting, and carefully to examine their claims for consideration. It shall be their further duty to present at the annual meeting the lists of candidates which they have prepared, in the order of the numerical standings, together with such comments and recommendations as seem to them justified by their investigation. . 48 Phi Beta Kappa Third. Method of Election. From the lists thus presented the electors shall make their choice, electing not more than half from each list. Three-fourths of the total number of votes cast shall constitute an election ; after the second ballot those names receiv- ing less than one-fourth of the total number of votes cast shall be stricken from the list. Fourth. Method of electing alumni and honorary members. The method of electing alumni and honorary members shall be determined by the majority of electors present at the meeting at which the names are proposed. Fifth. Publication of List of Members Elect. Immediately after the election an alphabetical list of the members elect, by classes, shall be posted by the Secretary upon a University bul- letin board. IV Officers The President shall preside over the meetings of the chapter, shall conduct initiations, and shall, when necessary, call meet- ings of the chapter. In his absence the Vice-president shall perform his duties. The Secretary shall keep the records of the chapter and conduct its correspondence. The Treasurer shall collect and disburse all funds of the chapter and report at each annual meeting. The above officers shall constitute the execu- tive committee. V Fees and Assessments The initiation fee for undergraduate members shall be five dollars. An assessment upon the faculty members of the chapter may be levied by vote at the annual meeting. VI Banquet and Initiation As soon as convenient after the annual meeting, a banquet shall he held in honor of the undergraduate members, and at this time the President shall conduct an initiation service for the new members. Alpha of Wisconsin 49 VII Amendments These by-laws may be suspended or amended at any meeting by a two-thirds vote of the electors present. THE OFFICERS OF THE ALPHA WISCONSIN CHAPTER President Dean Edward Asahel Birge, 1899-1908. Professor Moses Stephen Slaughter, 1908-1913. Professor William Amasa Scott, 1913-1916. Professor Hugh Allison Smith, 1916- Vice-Peesident Professor Charles Homer Haskins, 1899-1904. Professor Richard Theodore Ely, 1904-1906. Professor Joseph Jastrow, 1906-1908. Professor William Amasa Scott, 1908-1913. Professor Hugh Allison Smith, 1913-1916. Professor Frank Chapman Sharp, 1916- Seceetart-Treasueer Professor Moses Stephen Slaughter, 1899-1901. Professor Frank Chapman Sharp, 1901-1904. Professor Henry Burrowes Lathrop, 1904-1906. Professor Robert Blkin Neil Dodge, 1906-1909. Professor William Frederick Roe, 1909-1911. Miss Florence Eliza Allen, 1911-1913. Mr. Homer Andrew Watt, 1913-1916. Secretary Professor Bayard Quincy Morgan, 1916- Treasurer Professor George Wagner, 1916- MEMBERSHIP LISTS MEMBERS OF THE PHI BETA KAPPA SOCIETY ON THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN FACULTY Adams, Charles Kendall. President. 1894-1901. Adams, Thomas Sewall. Economies. 1901-15. Aldrich, Loyal Blaine. Physics. 1907-9. Allen, Bennet Mills. Anatomy. 1903-14. Allen, Charles Elmer. Botany. 1901- Allen, Florence Eliza. Mathematics. 1902- Allen, Katharine. Latin. 1895- Allen, Euth Florence. Botany. 1905-10. Anderson, Andrew Runni. Greek. 1904-5. Andressohn, John Carl. German. 1911-12. Aron, Albert William. German. 1911- Ayera, Augustine Haines. Hydraulics. 1907-8. Bachmann, Freda Marie. Botany; Bacteriology. 1909-11; 1914- Baker, John Earl. Public Speaking. 1906-7. Baker, Ross Allen. Chemistry. 1910-15. Bascom, Lelia. English. 1909- Beeher, Max Albert. Physics. 1908-9. Birge, Edward Asahel. Zoology ; Dean. 1875- Birge, Raymond Thayer. Physics. 1911-13. Bleyer, Willard Grosvenor. English; Journalism. 1900- Bloomfield, Leonard. German. 1906-8. Boardman, Eliot. French. 1904-5. Bonnell, John Kester. English. 1911- Boswell, F'oster Partridge. Psychology. 1904-5. Bridgham, John Merrill. Latin. 1911-12. Brown, Arthur Charles Lewis. English. 1901-6. Bryan, George Smith. Botany. 1914- Buck, Solon Justus. History. 1905-6. Bumpus, Hermon Carey. Business Manager. 1910-14. Bunting, Chartes Henry. Pathology. ' 1908- Burgess, Horace Thomas. Mathematics. 1911- Cairns, William B. English. 1892- Chamberlain, Ernest Barret. Music. 1915- Cleary, G«orge Edward. Business Administration. 1911-14. Colburn, Guy Blandin. Latin. 1907-8. Alpha op Wisconsin 51 Combs, Bert Lester. Physics. 1914-16. Comstock, George Gary, Astronomy; Dean. 1878- Cook, Walter Wheeler. Law. 1906-11. Crathorne, Arthur Robert. Mathematics. 1900-4. Crawford, Clarence Cory. History. 1904-6. Crawford, David Anderson. Anatomy. 1905-7. Crissey, Merrill Henry. Agricultural Economies. 1913-14. Dahm, Thomas Matthew. Physics. 1909-13. Dallwig, Herbert Carl. Pharmacology. 1914-15. Dawson, Percy Millard. Physiology. 1913- Dearborn, Walter Fenno. Education. 1905-8. De Garis, Charles Francis. Anatomy. 1915-16. Denny, Grace Goldena. Home Economics. 1911-12. Dike, Paul Harrison. Physics. 1909-11. Dilworth, James Francis. History. 1905-8. Disque, Robert Conrad. Electrical Engineering. 1908- Dodge, Robert Elkin Neil. English. 1903- Doll, Edgar Arnold. Psychology. 1912. Doughty, Howard Waters. Chemistry. 1906-7. Dudley, William Henry. Librarian. 1892- Downey, Ezekiel Henry. Economies. 1912-13. Duval, Edmund Pendleton Randolph. Mathematics. 1906-7. EUer, William Henri. German. 1915-16. Ely, Richard Theodore. Economics. 1892- Emsley, Bert. English. 1915- Ernst, Adolphine Blanka. German. 1914- Evans, Frank Caradoc. Chemistry. 1911-14. Fifield, Ruth Alden. English. 1911-14. Files, Harold G. English. 1916- Fish, Carl Russell. American History. 1900- Fiske, George Converse. Latin. 1900- Flint, Albert Stowell. Astronomy. 1889- Flint, Helen (Mrs. E. D. Wallace). French. 1915-16. Fox, Leonard Peter. History. 1911-12. Pulcher, Gordon Scott. Physics. 1909- Gage, Otis Amsden. Physics. 1907- Galpin, Charles Josiah. Agricultural Economics. 1911- Gardner, Edward Hall. English. 1909- Gay, Lucy Maria. Romance Languages. 1884- Giese, William Frederic. Romance Languages. 1893- Gillin, John Lewis. Sociology. 1912- Gilmore, Eugene Allen. Law. 1902- Glascock, Hardin Roads. Zoology. 1912-14. Grey, Ernest George. Anatomy. 1911-13. 52 Phi Beta Kappa Grove, William Edward. Pharmacology. 1908-9. Gruhl, Edwin Frederick. Economics. 1911-13. Haake, Alfred Paul. Economics. 1916- Hall, Katharine. English. 1911-14. Hart, Walter Wilson. Mathematics. 1911- Haskins, Charles Homer. History. 1890-1902. Haussmann, John Fred. German. 1904- Hawkins, Aubrey L. English. 1914- Helmholtz, Anna Augusta. English. 1907-8. Henmon, Vivian Allen Charles. Education. 1911- HiU, John. Romance Languages. 1910-12. Hobbs, William Herbert. Mineralogy. 1889-1906. Hollander, Lee M. German. 1910- Holmes, Samuel Jackson. Zoology. 1905-12. Holt, Harris Hazelton. History. 1912-13. Horack, Hugo Claude. Law. 1904-7. Houser, Ethel M. Mathematics. 1913-14. Hubbard, Prank Gaylord. English. 1892- Hunt, Caroline Louisa. Home Economics. 1903-9. Hyde, Grant Milnor. English; Journalism. 1910- IbershofE, Carl Henry. German. 1912-15. lies, Ivory Victor. History. 1906-7. Ingersoll, Leonard Rose. Physics. 1905- Jastrow, Joseph. Psychology. 1888- Johnson, Ida Petrine. German. 1910-12. Jones, Alfred Power. Pathology. 1911-13. Jones, Burr W. Law. 1885-1915. Jones, Chester Lloyd-. Political Science. 1910- Kahlenberg, Louis. Chemistry. 1893- Katz, Prank James. Geology. 1905-6. Keffer, Ealph. Mathematics. 1914-16. Keller, William Jacob. German. 1911- Kelsey, Rachel M. English. 1911-12. Kerr, Alexander. Greek. 1870-1907. BmeriUis. Kind, John Louis. German. 1905- King, Wilford Isbell. Economics. 1909- Kremers, Edward. Pharmacy. 1890- Kustermann, V/alter Wolleben. Mathematics. 1908-9. Lathrop, Henry Burrowes. English. 1901- Lehman, Daniel Acker. Mathematics. 1905-6. Leiserson, William Morris. Economics. 1908-9. Leith, Charles Kenneth. Geology. 1902- Leonard, William EUery. English. 1906- Lewis, Ivey Foreman. Botany. 1912-14. Alpha of Wisconsin 53 Libby, Banien. Physics. 1911-12. Loevenhart, Arthur Solomon. Pharmacology. 1908- Loomis, Hiram Benjamin. Physics. 1890-2. Loomis, Milton Early. Political Science. 1911-13. Lorenz, Max Otto. Economics. 1902-9. Lorenzen, Ernst Gustav. Law. 1911-14. Lunt, William Edward. History. 1908-10. Lyman, RoUo Lu Verne. Public Speaking. 1905-13. Mack, Edwin S. Law. 1903-6. Macnish, Ealph Benjamin. French. 1903-6. Manchester, Frederick Alexander. English. 1909- March, Herman William. Mathematics. 1906- Marquette, George John. Hygiene. 1903-4. Marquette, William George. Botany. 1903-11. Martin, Albert Pray. German. 1915- Mason, Max. Mathematical Physics. 1908- Mathews, Mrs. Lois Kimball. History; Dean. 1911- McDaniel, Alonzo Simpson. Chemistry. 1906-9. Meek, Walter Joseph. Physiology. 1908- Mendenhall, Charles Elwood. Physics. 1901- Meyer, Ernst C. Political Science. 1908-10. Millard, Earl Bowman. Chemistry. 1910-11. Moore, Blaine Free. Political Science. 1913-14. Morgan, Bayard Quincy. German. 1907- Morse, Max. Physiology. 1913-15. Moulton, Elton James. Mathematics. 1909-10. Munro, Dana Carleton. History. 1902-15. Nelson, Thurlow Christian. Zoology. 1913- Newell, Jane Isabel. Economics; History. 1907-8; 1912-13. Noyes, George Eapall. English. 1900-1. Nyberg, Joseph Antonius. Mathematics. 1911-15. Ogg, Frederick Austin. Political Science. 1914- Olbrich, Michael Balthasar. Rhetoric. 1904-6. Olin, John Myers. Law. 1874-1910. Olive, Edgar William. Botany. 1904-7. Olson, Julius Emil. Scandinavian Languages. 1884- Otto, Max Charles. Philosophy. 1908- Owen, Edward Thomas. French. 1878-1908. Emeritus. Paetow, Louis John. History. 1906-7. Parkinson, John Barber. Mathematics; Law. 1867-1910. Emeritus. Patterson, David Leslie. History. 1905-8. Paxson, Frederic Logan. American History. 1910- Peirce, George. Physiology. 1912-14. Persons, Warren Milton. Mathematics. 1901-6. 54 Phi Beta BZappa Peterson, William Harold. Agricultural Chemistry. 1909- Pitman, Annie Maria. Latin. 1902- Price, William Hyde. Economics. 1907-10. Priest, Arthur Eagan. Elocution. 1898-9. Purin, Charles Maltador. German. 1905-8; 1909-16. Pyre, James Francis Augustin. English. 1893- Eanum, Arthur. Mathematics. 1904-5. Keed, Frank Otis. Romance Languages. 1907- Reinsch, Paul Samuel. Political Science. 1895-1915. Richards, Harry Sanger. Law; Dean. 1903- Rigden, Effie Josephine. Zoology. 1908-9. Robinson, William Alexander. History. 1910-11. Roe, Frederick William. English. 1905- Roedder, Edwin Carl Lothar Clemens. German. 1900- EoUer, Julianne Anna. German. 1911-12. Rosenberg, Philip. Physics. 1909-11. Ross, Edward Alsworth. Sociology. 1906- Ruediger, William Carl. Pedagogy. 1902-3. Russell, Harry Luman. Bacteriology; Dean. 1893- Ryan, Marion E. English. 1911-12. Ryan, Will Carson. German. 1911-12. Sanderson, Mildred Leonora. Mathematics. 1913-14. Saunderson, George William. Elocution. 1893-6. Scholz, Richard Frederick. History. 1907-8. Scott, Jonathan French. Education; History. 1906-9. Scott, William Amasa. Economics; Commerce. 1892- Sears, Jesse Brundage. Education. 1909-10. Secrist, Horace. Economics. 1908-10. Sellery, George Clarke. History. 1901- Shannahan, Willard Dean. Latin. 1907-9. Sharp, Frank Chapman. Philosophy. 1893- Showerman, Grant. -Latin. 1900- Simpson, Herbert Downs. Economics. 1913-16. Slaughter, Moses Stephen. Latin. 1896- Slichter, Charles Sumner. Mathematics. 1886- Smith, Charles Augustus. History. 1914- Smith, Daniel Du Pr6. Latin. 1914-15. Smith, Elizabeth Anita. Zoology. 1911- Smith, Howard Leslie. Law. 1900- Smith, Hugh Allison. Romance Languages 1905- Smith, Kenneth G. Mechanical Engineering. 1911-13. Smith, Walter McMynn. Librarian. 1890- Smith, Mrs. Pearl Mobry. Botany. 1914- Sterling, Susan Adelaide. German. 1887- Alpha op Wisconsin 55 Stoddart, Charles William. Agricultural Physics. 1904-10. Stoekle, Erwin E. Physics. 1911-15. Stout, Arlow Burdette. Botany. 1909-11. Thwing, Charles Burton. Physics. 1894-96. Tarrell, Arch LeEoy. Physics. 1909-13. Tilton, Asa Currier. History. 1900-4. Titsworth, Waldo Alberti. Physics. 1907-9. Tolman, Herbert Cushing. Latin. 1892-3. Tottingham, William Edward. Agricultural Chemistry. 1906- Townsend, Eugene H. Anatomy. 1913-15. Treleven, John E. Business Administration. 1912-13. Turner, Frederick Jackson. Ehetorie; History. 1885-1910. Valentine, James Alden. Agricultural Economies. 1911-12. Van Hise, Charles Eichard. Geology; President. 1879- Van Vleck, Edward Burr. Mathematics. 1893-1895, 1905- Vaughau, Eichard E. Plant Pathology. 1911-15. Veerhuseu, Elsbeth. German. 1892-1916. (Mrs. John L. Kind.) Wagner, George. Zoology. 1903- Wahl, Harry Eoswell. Anatomy. 1908-10. Wann, Louis. English. 1914- Ware, Sedley Lynch. History. 1910-12. Watt, Homer Andrew. English. 1908-16. Watts, Oliver Patterson. Electro-Chemistry. 1906- Weniger, Willibald. Physics. 1905-6. Westermann, William Linn. History. 1908- Williams, Frank Ernest. Geology. 1910- Williams, William Holme. Hebrew and Hellenistic Greek. 1879-1915. Emeritus. Williamson, Eobert Crosier. Physics. 1913- Winchell, Alexander Newton. Mineralogy. 1907- Wing, Herbert, Jr. History. 1911-15. Withey, Morton Owen. Mechanics. 1905- Witte, Edwin Emil. History; Economics. 1910-12. Wolcott, Edson Eay. Physics. 1900-1. Wolfenson, Louis Bernard. Hebrew and Hellenistic Greek. 1908- Woodburn, James Albert. History. 1903-4. Works, George Alan. Agrieultural Education. 1912-13. Worthing, Archie Garfield. Physics. 1904-6. Wrench, Jesse Erwin. History. 1908-9; 1912-13. Young, Karl. English. 1908- Young, Vive Hall. Botany. 1913-15. Zdanowicz, Casimir Douglas. Eomance Languages. 1907- Zeek, C. F., Jr. Eomance Languages. 1914-15. 56 Phi Beta Kappa THE MEMBERS OF THE ALPHA WISCONSIN CHAPTER (Note. — An asterisk indicates junior election. Addresses are given in italics for members who did not respond to the secretary's letter. Married women are entered under both their maiden name and married name, but addresses are given only with the latter.) *Albrecht, Sebastian, 1900. Observatorio Nacional, Cordoba, Argentina. Aldrich, Loyal Blaine, 1907. Engaged in astrophysical research. Smith- sonian Institution, "Washington, D. C. 2203 " K " St., Washington. Allen, Charles Elmer, 1899. Professor of Botany, University of Wis. Allen, Daisy May, 1905. (Mrs. Philip K. Greenway) *Allen, Mrs. Eric W., 1902. (Ida Elliott) 1761 Alder St., Eugene, Ore. *Allen, Florence Eliza, 1900. Instructor in mathematics. University of Wisconsin. 219 Lathrop St., Madison, Wis. Allen, Mrs. Hugh, 1911. (Martha MeOlure) 174 Danforth, Portland, Me. Allen, Katharine, 1887. Assistant professor of Latin, University of Wisconsin. 228 Laugdon St., Madison, Wis. Allen, Philip Loring, 1899. Died May 26, 1908. *Allen, Ruth Florence, 1905. 6 Norfolk Terrace, Wellesley, Mass. Altmeyer, Arthur Joseph, 1914. Teacher, Kenosha, Wis. Home, De Pere, Wis. *Anderson, Andrew Runui, 1900. Professor of ancient languages. Univer- sity of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Andressohn, John Carl, 1911. German- American Teachers' Seminary, Milwaukee. Home, 499 Herman St., Milwaukee, Wis. Andrews, Helen Grace, 1899. Teacher, Marshfield, Wis. Home, Portage, Wis. *Andrews, Joy Ella, 1917. Home, 306 West Franklin St., Portage, Wis. Anthony, Anna Gertrude, 1899. Teacher. 1421 Euclid Ave., Berkeley, Cal. *Anthony, Angela Josephine, 1910. (Mrs. F. C. Liefert) Ajithony, Marie Alexia, 1912. (Mrs. David J. Flanagan) Armstrong, Mary G., 1895. Teacher. Calexico, Imperial Co., Cal. Arnold, Leah, 1913. Teacher, Feshtigo, Wis. Some, Sturgeon Say, Wis. Assovsky, Abraham, 1916. Died February 22, 1917. Averill, George Baxter, Jr., 1908. With Mayhew Marmfacturing Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Home, Whitewater, Wis. Aylward, Mrs. John A., 1893. (Jennie A. Huenkemier) 414 North Pinckney, Madison, Wis. Bacon, Mrs. Paul V., 1899. (Elizabeth M. Keeeh) 1 Cypress Road, Wellesley Hills, Mass. Baker, Florence Elizabeth, 1891. (Mrs. J. A. Hays) Baker, Helen A., 1895. (Mrs. Samuel H. Cady) Baker, John Earl, 1906. Statistician, Southern Pacific Co., MUl Valley, Cal. 1028 Flood Bldg., San Francisco. Baker, Lillian Dale, 1889. (Mrs. Ernest X. Warner) Alpha of Wisconsin 57 *Baldwin, George Smith, 1917. Home, R. F. D. 4, Youngstown, Oliio. Baldwin, Merle Mary, 1915. Teacher, Madison, Wis. Home, 817 Garfield Ave., Dubuque, Iowa. Ball, Farlin Q., 1861. Lawyer, judge; retired. 207 Clinton Ave., Oak Park, 111. *Ballard, Bemice M., 1902. (Mrs. B. H. Bode) Ballard, Eoger Kingsley, 1912. Sales manager, Kean, Taylor & Co., Chicago. Home, 532 Frederick Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Banning, Mrs. E. P., 1877. (Carrie B. Carpenter) Physician. 114S Kin- naird Ave., Fort Wayne, Ind. Barber, Winchel Fay, 1900. Banker. Citizens ' State Bank, Lawton, Okla. •Barnard, Elizabeth, 1905. Teacher. Salt Lake City. Home, Earlville, 111. Barnbrock, Henry, Jr., 1916. Home, 1047 Spaight St., Madison, Wis. Barnes, Flora Anna, 1894. (Mrs. W. G. Caskey) *Barney, Jessie Alice, 1901. (Mrs. Henry L. Trott) Died Aug. 12, 1914. *Bartlett, Edwin Ball, 1905. Secretary-treasurer, Milwaukee Stamping Co., West Allis, Wis. Residence, 210 Prospect Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Bascom, Jean, 1879. Hedge Lawn, Williamstown, Mass. Bascom, Lelia, 1902. Instructor in English, Extension Division, Univer- sity of Wisconsin. 139 West Gilman St., Madison, Wis. tBashford, James Whitford, 1873. Bishop, M. E. Church. Peking, China. Bashford, Mrs. James W., 1874. (Jane M. Field) Peking, China. Home, Odebolt, la. Bassett, Agnes Stone, 1895. Decorator and designer. 96 East First St., Pond du Lac, Wis. Bauer, William Waldo, 1915. Medical student, University of Pennsyl- vania. Home, 424 Park Place, Milwaukee, Wis. Beatty, Mrs. Arthur, 1904. (Carlotta McCutcheon) 1824 Vilas St., Madison, Wis. Becher, Max Albert, 1906. Head of science department. South Division High School, Milwaukee, Wis. 947 First Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Bell, Rae Floyd, 1912. Box 54, Menasha, Wis. Bemis, Mary Sooville, 1915. Teacher. 5455 Boyd Ave., Oakland, Cal. Benedict, Harry Ellis, 1916. Home, Neillsville, Wis. *Beule, Arthur Franz, 1901. Died June 14, 1903. *Birge, Raymond Thayer, 1909. Instructor in physics, Syracuse University. 946 Lancaster Ave., Syracuse, N. Y. *Bishop, Jean Frank, 1903. Home, 413 Idaho St., Dillon, Mont. Bitner, Alice Ladd, 1915. Teacher, Prescott, Ariz. Home, 231 24th St., Milwaukee, Wis. Black, John Donald, 1909. Graduate student, University of Wisconsin. 309 Brooks St., Madison, Wis. Home, Ft. Atkinson, Wis. *Blake, James Bronson, 1904. Lawyer. 1504 First National Bank Bldg., Milwaukee. Residence, 501 Marshall St., Milwaukee, t Elected previously by the chapter of Ohio Wesleyan University. 58 Phi Beta Kappa Bleyer, Willard Grosvenor, 1896. Professor of journalism, University of Wisconsin. 423 North Carroll St., Madison, Wis. *Bode, Mrs. B. H., 1902. (Bernice Ballard) 910 West California Ave., Urbana, 111. Boehm, Paul Waldemar Leopold, 1901. Lawyer. Hettinger, N. D. Bolton, Hei-bert Eugene, 1895. Professor of American history, University of California. Berkeley, Cal. Bostwick, Harriet M., 1901. (Mrs. S. B. Eehlin) Bosworth, Lloyd Athel, 1916. Home, 40 Geneva St., Geneva, N. Y. Boyle, Euth Murrin, 1916. Household Editor, Farm and Fireside, Spring- field, Ohio. Home, 832 Dakota St., Butte, Mont. *Bradley, Henry Ernest, 1901. Lawyer. 1016 Majestic Building. Eesi- dence, 275 Tenth St., Milwaukee, Wis. Brayton, Fannie Elizabeth, 1903. Teacher. 212 East 80th St., Seattle, Wash. Brazeau, Theodore Walter, 1897. Lawyer. Grand Rapids, Wis. Breidablik, EUida Julia, 1915. Teacher. 217 N. Brooks St., Madison, Wis. Breitkreutz, Adeline Albertine, 1908. (Mrs. Eldon Wittwer) Breitkreutz, Elsa Helen, 1912. Teacher. 918 Grand Ave., Wausau, Wis. Home, Oconto Falls, Wis. Brewer, Mrs. B. K., 1909 (Ella Wyman) 706 Maryland Ave., Syracuse, K. Y. Brice, Elizabeth, 1916. Home, 714 West Market St., Lima, Ohio. Brigham, Charles Ilsley, 1885. Farmer. Blue Mounds, Wis. Bright, Alfred Harris, 1874. Attorney. 1004 Mt. Curve Ave., Minne- apolis, Minn. *Brindley, Elbert Edwin, 1908. Lawyer. Eichland Center, Wis. Brindley, John Edwin, 1902. Professor of economic science, Iowa State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, Ames, la. Bristol, Elsey L., Teacher, 1886. Tolas, Cesarea, TurTcey, Asia. Brown, Webster Everett, 1874. Lumberman, real estate and timber dealer, and paper manufacturer. Ehinelander, Wis. Brown, Mrs. Webster E., 1875. (Juliet Meyer) Ehinelander, Wis. Bruce, Andrew Alexander, 1890. Associate justice of Supreme Court of North Dakota. Bismarck, N. D. Bruins, Mrs. J. F., 1905. (Eose Wagner) Forest Service, Federal Building, Salt Lake City, Utah. Brundage, Dean Kennedy, 1914. Statistician for Consolidated Water Power & Paper Co. Box 64, Grand Eapids, Wis. *Bruns, Mrs. Friedrich, 1913. (Lydia Irma Dallwig) 2330 Eowley Ave., Madison, Wis. *Buchen, Mrs. Walther, 1911. (Margaret Louise Head) 7720 N. Ashland Ave., Chicago, 111. Buck, Solon Justus, 1904. Superintendent of the Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul, Minn. Alpha op Wisconsin 59 Buekstaff, Mrs. G. A., 1886. (Florence Griswold) 700 Algoma St., Oshkosh, Wis. Buell, Charles Edwin, 1878. Attorney. 115 Ely Place, Madison, Wis. *Buell, Mary Van Rensselaer, 1914. 115 Ely Place, Madison, Wis. Buell, Pauline Merry, 1913. Librarian. 115 Ely Place, Madison, Wis. Bunn, Charles Wilson, 1874. Attorney, Northern Pacific Eailway. St. Paul, Minn. Bunting, Alice Isabella, 1895. Christian Science practitioner. 1139 State St., La Crosse, Wis. Bunting, Charles Henry, 1896. Professor of pathology. University of Wisconsin. 2020 Chadbourne Ave., Madison, Wis. Burdick, Lawrence Wylie, 1904. Professor of modern languages, Pennsyl- vania Military College. Chester, Pa. Burdick, Marjorie, 1915. Home, 1403 Grand Ave., Kalamazoo, Mich. Burhans, Mrs. I. W., 1878. (Helen L. Hatch) Teacher. Superior, Wis. Burke, John Edward, 1915. Ccjurt reporter. 210 Brady St., Milwaukee. Burling, Mrs. Lancaster D., 1906. (Marion Van Velzer) 858 Echo Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Burnham, Dorothy Marie, 1909. (Mrs. James Thompson) Burroughs, LeEoy Stanton, 1916. Home, 723 Thirty-fourth St., Milwau- kee, Wis. *Burwell, Marjorie, 1917. Home, 30 Lathrop St., Madison, Wis. Bush, Helen M., 1899. (Mrs. James P. Weter) Buss, Flora Emma, 1912. Teacher. 613 N. Frances St., Madison, Wis. Home, 749 First St., Milwaukee, Wis. Cabeen, Mrs. C. W., 1884. (Sarah A. Clark) 807 Comstock Ave., Syra- cuse, N. Y. Cady, Jean Hayes, 1891. T'21 Emilie St., Green Bay, Wis. Cady, Mrs. Samuel H., 1895. (Helen Baker) 920 S. Madison St., Green Bay, Wis. Cairns, Gertrude Maud, 1898. Ellsworth, Wis. Cairns, William B., 1890. Assistant professor of American literature. University of Wisconsin. 2010 Madison St., Madison, Wis. Caldwell, Dorothy Alden, 1915. Teacher, Hillsboro, Wis. Home, 904 Columbia St., Lafayette, Ind. Calkins, Ernest Eugene, 1899. Teacher. 775 Stowell Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Campbell, Mrs. William, 1908. (Lydia Wheelock) 8148 Kimbark Ave., Chicago, 111. Canan, Cuba Quiney, 1908. Teacher. Riverside, 111. Home, La Crosse, Wis. Carlton, Edward Perkins, 1894. Physician. De Forest, Wis. Carlton, Mary L., 1896. (Mrs. Otto F. Wasmansdorff) Carman, Ruth, 1913. Teacher of German in Eastern Illinois State Normal School. 890 First St., Charleston, 111. 60 Phi Beta Kappa Cams, Marie Louise, 1915. Graduate student, UniYersity of Wisconsin. 419 Sterling Court, Madison, Wis. Home, EJnoxviUe, lU. Carpenter, Carrie B., 1877. (Mrs. C. B. Banning) Carpenter, Mrs. C. E., 1887. (Imogene Hand) 1324 Main St., Eacine, Wis. Carter, Eussell John, 1915. Manufacturer. Simple Account Sales Book Co., Fremont, Ohio. Eesidenee, 922 Birchard Ave., Fremont, Ohio. Case, Belle, 1879. (Mrs. Eobert Marion LaFoUette) Case, Lillian Effie, 1899. No address. *Ca3e, Lucie Nell, 1904. Teacher. 2009 Prairie St., Milwaukee. Case, Lucy Ada, 1911. (Mrs. E. B. Gowin) Caskey, Mrs. William G., 1894. (Flora Barnes) 460 East College St., Oberlin, Ohio. Castle, Mildred Alice, 1900. 112 N. Webster St., Madison, Wis. Challoner, George, 1903. (Mrs. L. H. Tracy) Chamberlain, Mrs. George A., 1891. (Helen West) 306 Lyon St., Mil- waukee, Wis. Cheney, Rosa Mabel, 1897. Supervisor of practice teaching, Training School for Teachers, Manitowoc, Wis. "Chickering, Alfred Dorance, 1916. Home, New London, Wis, Clark, Elizabeth S., 1876. (Mrs. J. J. Fisher) Clark, Grace, 1885. (Mrs. Frederick K. Conover) Clark, Julia K., 1881. (Mrs. J. W. HaUam) Clark, Sarah A., 1884. (Mrs. C. W. Cabeen) Clarke, Lyle C, 1916. Instructor in Business Administration, Exten- sion Division, University of Wisconsin. 217 3rd St., Wausau, Wis. Cleary, George Edward, 1914. Professor of law. University of Montana, Missoula, Mont. *Clough, Paul Wiswall, 1903. Physician. Johns Hopkins Hospital, Balti- more, Md. Clough, Willoughby Goewey, 1875. Superintendent of schools. Portage, Wis. Cochems, Henry Frederick, 1897. Attorney, 8S Wisconsin St., Milwaukee. *Cochran, Mrs. Laurence E., 1909. (Lilla M. Pomeroy) 709 33rd Ave. South;" Seattle, Wash. Coerper, Florence Maud, 1914. Assistant in plant pathology, University of Wisconsin. 434 Sterling Ct., Madison. Home, Hartford, Wis. *Coffin, Margaret Ellen, 1905. (Mrs. George W. Langley, Jr.) Colburn, Willis Paul, 1905. Superintendent of Schools, Ehinelander, Wis. Cole, Theodore Lee, 1871. Law bookseller. 715 Colorado Bldg., Wash- ington, D. C. Cole, Mrs. Theodore Lee, 1875. (Kate Dewey) 1446 Belmont St., Wash- ington, D. C. Comstock, Mary Cecelia Everett, 1916. Home, Observatory Hill, Madison. Alpha of Wisconsin 61 Conaway, Boss Kelley, 1913. Accountant with Ernst and Ernst. 10609 Pairmount Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Congdon, Ferae Lina, 1914. Library Assistant. 311 N. Brooks St., Madison, Wis. Home, Delavan, Wis. Conover, Allan Darst, 1874. Architect. 36 Tenney Blk., Madison, Wis. Conover, Frederick King, 1878. Attorney. 435 N. Patterson St., Madi- son, Wis. Conover, Mrs. Frederick K., 1885. (Grace Clark) Same address. *Conover, Frederick LeRoy, 1915. Assistant, Wiseonsia Geological Survey. Home, 435 N. Patterson St., Madison, Wis. *Conover, Julian Darst, 1917. Home, 435 N. Patterson St., Madison, Wis. *Conover, Marion Clarke, 1917. Home, 435 N. Patterson St., Madison, Wis. Conway, John G., 1879. Lawyer. Watertown, Wis. Cooper, Elva, 1904. (Mrs. C. E. Magnusson) Corbett, Elizabeth Frances, 1910. Writer. 6431/2 Mineral St., Milwaukee. Corbett, Gertrude Marion, 1915. Child welfare work. Home, 643% Mineral St., Milwaukee, AVis. Corson, William A., 1878. Attorney. 2116 Emmet St., Omaha, Nei. Corstvet, Anna Alice, 1907. Professor of history, Illinois Wesleyan Uni- versit}'. Bloomington, HI. Home, Deerfield, Wis. CowJery, Kirke Lionel, 1888. Associate professor of French, Oberlin College. 184 Woodland Ave., Oberlin, Ohio. Crane, Mrs. Guy Walter, 1901. (Marion C. McLean) Eureka, Utah. Crathorne, Mrs. A. R., 1897. (Charlotte Pengra) Died Feb. 9, 1916. Crawford, Mrs. C. C, 1903. (Elizabeth Goffe Ticknor) 15S0 Kentucky St., Lawrence, Kan. Crawford, David Anderson, 1905. Treasurer, HaskeU & Barber Car Co. 707 Railway Exchange, Chicago. *Crissey, Merrill Henry, 1906. Home, 1015 Oakland Ave., Janesville, Wis. Cronin, Clara Margaret, 1909. (Mrs. P. C. Merrill) Crosby, May Lillian, 1907. Teacher, Muscoda, Wis. Cunningham, Roger George, 1912. Attorney. 304 Jackmau Block, Janes- ville, Wis. Residence, 758 S. BlufC St., Janesville, Wis. Curry, Margaret McCune, 1915. Teacher. 1004 Sixth Ave., Terre Haute, Ind. Curtis, Arthur Hale, 1902. Surgeon. 104 S. Michigan Ave., Chicago, HI. Dake, Charles Laurence, 1911. Assistant professor of geology. School of Mines and Metallurgy, University of Missouri. BoUa, Mo. Daley, Frank Aloysius, 1912. Lawyer. 1 West Main St. Residence, 468 Sidney St., Madison, Wis. *Dallwig, Herbert Carl, 1914. Student, Harvard Medical School, Cam- bridge, Mass. Home, 785 Prospect Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. *Dallwig, Lydia Irma, 1913. (Mrs. Friedrich Bruns) Dana, Dorothy Brockway, 1915. In social service, Edgewater Mines, Alabama. Home, 66 Second St., Muskegon, Mich. 62 Phi Beta Kappa Davies, Joseph Edward, 1898. Federal Trade Commission, Washington, D. C. Davis, Agnes Hopkins, 1912. (Mrs. Moulton B. GofE) Davis, David John, 1898. Professor of pathology. University of Illinois. 721 Elmwood Ave., Wilmette, 111. Davis, James E., 1912. Teacher. 119 S. Atherton St., State College, Pa. Davis, Robert Moses, 1902. Attorney. 409 N. 4th St., Tacoma, Wash. Dawson, Mrs. Allen, 1891. (Nell Perkins) Literary editor New Tork Globe. 45 West Twelfth St., New York, N. Y. Dean, Maria Morrison, 1880. Physician. Helena, Mont. De Garis, Charles Francis, 1915. Home, 211 S. Maple Ave., Hannibal, Mo. DeLaey, John Byron, 1906. Teacher. 1917 N. 46th St., Seattle, Wash. Dengler, Eose, 1896. Teacher. Home, 419 N. Lake St., Madison, Wis. Dennis, Warren Arthur, 1891. Surgeon. 942 Lowry Bldg., St. Paul, Minn. Derge, Herman Ferdinand, 1904. Surgeon, Eau Claire, Wis. *DeSautelle, William Thomas, 1908. Physician. 417 Holston Bank Bldg., Knoxville, Tenn. Dessaint, Edna, 1903. Teacher. 226 E. Monument St., Colorado Springs, Colo. Home, 1108 Perry St., Davenport, Iowa. Dewey, Kate, 1875. (Mrs. T. L. Cole) Dickerson, Agnes Woodworth, 1913. Assistant librarian, Montana State Library. Kenwood, Helena, Mont. *Diekinson, Eay Levi, 1912. Banking. State Bank of La Crosse, Wis. Disque, Robert Conrad, 1903. Assistant professor of electrical engineer- ing, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Dodge, Flora Elizabeth, 1879. (Mrs. Warren H. Freeman) Dodson, John Milton, 1880. Physician and teacher in Medical School. 25 East Washington St. Residence, 5817 Blackstone Ave., Chicago. Doe, Etheh-n Anna, 1910. (Mrs. R. B. Michell) *Dohmen, Fred Wentworth, 1908. Wholesale druggist. 267 East Water St., Milwaukee, Wis. Dorman, Florence, 1914. Home, 134 W. Galena Ave., Freeport, 111. Drinker, Emma V., 1881. (Mrs. F. W. Stearns) Died Aug. 19, 1914. Dudley, William Henry, 1892. Assistant librarian. University of Wis. *Eberle, Margaret Olivia, 1913. (Mrs. Richard Eosenoranz) Echlin, Mrs. S. B., 1901. (Harriet M. Bostwick) Janesville, Wis. Eddy, Mrs. A. G., 1896. (Olga Mueller) 626 Cass St., La Crosse, Wis. *Eddy, Elizabeth McKee, 1917. Home, Eddy Hotel, Hot Springs, Ark. Edsall, Winifred, 1915. Director of teachers' training, Galesville, Wis. Home, Ft. Atkinson, Wis. Edwards, Ann Elizabeth, 1916. Home, 718 Clymer Place, Madison, Wis. *Eggers, Harold Everett, 1903. Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology, University of Nebraska. 42nd St. and Dewey Ave., Omaha, Neb. Alpha of Wisconsin 63 Eiche, Adela, 1902. Teacher. 167 Twelfth St., Milwaukee, Wis. EUer, William Henri, 1910. Instructor in German, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. Home, Alma, Wis. *Elliott, Ida, 1902. (Mrs. Eric W. AUen) Enteman, Wilhelmina Marie, 1894. (Mrs. W. E. Key) Erdall, John L., 1885. General attorney for Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault St. Marie Ry. Co., 2019 Irving Ave., S. Minneapolis, Minn. Eriekson, Mrs. E. T., 1910. (Gretchen Buedebusch) 137 N. Homan Ave., Chicago, 111. Ernst, Adolphine Blanka, 1901. Assistant professor of German, Exten- sion Division, University of Wisconsin. 450 W. Gilman St., Madison. Esch, John Jacob, 1882. Attorney and member of Congress, seventh district, Wisconsin. Home, 117 S. 13th St., La Crosse, Wis. *Eshbaugh, Mrs. C. Harold, 1909. (Jennie Haman) 6028 S. Park Ave., Chicago, HI. Euler, Arthur Philip, 1916. Home, 1312 S. 7th St., La Crosse, Wis. *-Evans, Caroline W., 1901. (Mrs. W. V. Jannsen) *Evans, Magdalen, 1904. (Mrs. Chancey Juday) Evans, Russell Argyle, 1912. Teacher. 627 S. 8th St. East, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Home, Alma, Wis. FairchUd, Arthur Wilson, 1897. Lawyer. First National Bank Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis. Fairchild, Mary, 1867. (Mrs. LeGrand Rockwell) Fallows, Samuel, 1859. Presiding bishop of the Reformed Episcopal Church. 2344 Monroe St., Chicago, 111. *Farnham, Willard Edward, 1912. Graduate student. Harvard University. 18 Conant Hall, Cambridge, Mass. Home, Cedaridge, Colo. Farquhar, Alice Milne, 1912. Assistant in branch department, Chicago Public Library. 4211 Prairie Ave., Chicago, HI. Favill, Henry Baird, 1880. Died Feb. 20, 1916. *Faville, Katharine Ellen, 1915. Home, 2155 Pierce Ave., Chicago, 111. *Pay, Helen Armine, 1907. (Mrs. Paul B. Johnson) Fay, Martha Marion, 1906. (Mrs. L. G. McConachie) Field, Jane M., 1874. (Mrs. James W. Bashford) Fisher, Mrs. J. J., 1876. (Elizabeth S. Clark) 533 Berendo St., Los Angeles, Cal. *Fisher, Mrs. W. E., 1907. (Elsie Minn) 512 Division St., Stevens Point, Wis. Fiske, Seymour, 1916. Home, 3403 Hamilton St., Philadelphia, Pa. Flanagan, Mrs. David J., 1912. (Marie A. Anthony) 1119 East 3l8t St., Minneapolis, Minn. Fleming, Florence, 1916. Home, 503 E. Gorham St., Madison, Wis. Flesh, Sarah Belle, 1889. (Mrs. E. J. Johnson) Flint, Helen, 1908. (Mrs. E. D. Wallace) 64 Phi Beta Kappa Floden, Tuve John, 1915. Teacher. Home, 1513 Blaisdell St., Eockford, 111. Mower, Marie Rosamond, 1913. Teacher. 707 Fulton St., Wausau, Wis. Home, Arlington, Iowa. *Foelske, Henry E., 1903. Lawyer. 1301 First National Bank Bldg. Residence, 874 Seventy-fifth Ave., West Allis, Wis. Foley, Katherine Ellen, 1914. Borne, Manson, Iowa. Ford, Guy Stanton, 1895. Professor of history, dean of the Graduate School, University of Minnesota. 517 Essex St. S. E., Minneapolis. *Foulkes, Marie Nuzum, 1912. Secretary of the Toung Women's Christian Association, Pullman, Wash. Home, Merrimac, Wis. Fox, Elizabeth Gordon, 1907. Superintendent of Visiting Nurse Society, 2506 K St. N. W., Washington, D. C. Fox, Leonard Peter, 1911. Instructor in Political Science, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Home, Fond du Lac, Wis. Frawley, Honora Margaret, 1912. High school teacher, Ashland, Wis. Home, 326 Fourth Ave., Eau Claire, Wis. Frawley, Michael Stephen, 1873. Farm supervision. 326 Fourth Ave., Eau Claire, Wis. Freeman, Mrs. Warren H., 1879. (Flora Elizabeth Dodge) 53 Pine St., Hinsdale, 111. Fries, Gyneth Theo, 1914. (Mrs. James T. Roach) *Fries, Mary B., 1900. (Mrs. A. R. Sej-mour) Frisby, Almah J., 1878. Physician, retired. 704 Hoyt St., Portland, Ore. Fuller, Stuart Jamieson, 1903. American Consul General at Large for the Inspection District of the Far East, Australia, and Oceania. Depart- ment of State, Washington, D. C. Gale, Gladys, 1899. (Mrs. C. W. Lockhart) Gardner, Bertha L., 1897. (Mrs. W. H. Williams) Gattiker, Emma, 1881. 405 Fourth Ave., Baraboo, Wis. Gay, Lucy Maria, 1882. Assistant professor of Romance languages. Uni- versity of Wisconsin. 216 N. Piuekney St., Madison, Wis. Gedney, Mary Anderson, 1914. Chemist. 1952 Monroe St., Chicago, 111. Gelatt, Arthur Alvin, 1914. Home, La Crosse, Wis. Gesell, Arnold Lucius, 1903. Professor of child hygiene, Yale University. 185 Edwards St., New Haven, Conn. Gilbert, Max, 1915. Chemist, 226 86th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Home, 260 Ogden Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Gilkey, Edna Annie, 1909. Secretary. 199 Church St., Oshkosh, Wis. Gilman, Laura Leonard, 1913. Bacteriologist, State Laboratory of Hygiene. Home, 115 Langdon St., Madison, Wis. •Goe, Euth, 1907. (Mrs. C. E. Welton) Goff, Mrs. Moulton B., 1912. (Agnes Davis) Sturgeon Bay, Wis. Alpha of Wisconsin 65 Goodwin, Henry Decker, 1880. Died Sept. 22, 1913. Gowin, Mrs. E. B., 1911. (Lucy A. Case). Teacher. 225 West 69th St., New York City. Graham, Mae Lillian, 1911. Teacher, Wausau, Wis. Home, Warren, 111. *Grant, Kate Goldie, 1906. (Mrs. E. Ray Henika) Grant, Robert Lexow, 1916. Home, 3815 Eokeby St., Chicago, 111. Gray, Nancy Anna, 1915. 1316 W. Dayton St., Madison, Wis. Greene, Mrs. Howard, 1888. (Louise McMynn) 867 Lake Drive, Milwau- kee, Wis. Greenway, Mrs. Philip K., 1915. (Daisy May AUen) Niarada, Mont. Gregory, Charles Noble, 1871. Lawyer and professor of law (retired). 1502 H St., Residence, 2139 Wyoming Ave., Wasliington, D. C. Gregory, Stephen Strong, 1870. Attorney. SS N. Washington St., Chicago. *Grey, Ernest George, 1907. Surgeon. Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, 697 Huntington Ave., Boston, Mass. Griffin, Hattie Josephine, 1898. Postoffice clerk. Marshfield, Ore. Griffith, Jessie, 1893. (Mrs. George H. Katz) Died Nov. 2, 1913. Griswold, Ada E., 1889. 346 Elm St., Oshkosh, Wis. Griswold, Florence, 1886. (Mrs. G. A. BuckstafE) Grosvenor, Thomas Howard, 1896. Physician. Wenatchee, Wash. Gruhl, Edwin Frederick, 1908. Public utility business. 30 Broad St., New York, N. Y. Gullander, Magnhilde Alvira, 1916. Home, Bristol, S. D. Haake, Alfred Paul, 1914. Assistant in political economy, University of Wisconsin. 431 N. Lake St., Madison, Wis. Haass, LUy K., 1912. Secretary, Young Women's Christian Association. Hsias Shun Hutung, Peking, China. Home, Pewaukee, Wis. *Hacker, Emil Frederic, 1907. Professor of Romance languages, Drury College. 1405 Washington Ave., Springfield, Mo. Haddow, Lovina Lucile, 1911. Teacher, Bascom, Mont. Home, River Falls, Wis. Haessler, Carl, 1911. Assistant in philosophy. University of Illinois. Lincoln Hall, Urbana, 111. Home, 719 Stowell Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Haight, Robert Wilber, 1902. Newspaper eopyreader. 324 St. Paxil Ave., Waukesha, Wis. Hall, Katharine, 1904. Artistic bookbinding. 237 Langdon St., Madison. Hall, Roy Dykes, 1900. Chemist. 35 Cleveland Terrace, East Orange, N. J. Hallam, Arthur Wood, 1914. Salesman. 265 Pleasant Ave., St. Paul, Minn. Home, 122 Second St., Baraboo, Wis. Hallam, Mrs. J. W., 1881. (Julia K. Clark) 1306 Ashland Block, Chicago, 111. Hallam, Oscar, 1887. Associate justice. Supreme Court of Minnesota. 743 Goodrich Ave., St. Paul, Minn. *Haman, Jennie EmUie, 1909. (Mrs. C. Harold Eshbaugh) Hamilton, Bertha Malinda, 1914. Supervisor of teaching. Fort Atkinson, Wis. Home, Baraboo, Wis. 66 Phi Beta Kappa *Hanchett, David Scott, 1910. General secretary, Christian Association, Houston Hall, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Hanchett, Euth M., 1899. (Mrs. E. A. Schmidt) Hand, Elbert Osborne, 1859. Died June 19, 1915. Hand, Imogene, 1887. (Mrs. C. E. Carpenter) Harder, Edmund Cecil, 1905. Geologist, United States Geological Survey. 303 School of Mines, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Harder, Herman P., 1895. Physician. 910 Hinman Ave., Evanston, HI. Harding, Charles Ford, 1875. Lawyer. 4842 Kenwood Ave., Chicago, 111. Harding, Mrs. Charles F., 1877. (Hattie Hover) Same address. Harlin, Wilbur Albert, 1913. Order Department, South Bend Watch Com- pany. 609 Eiverside Drive, South Bend, Ind. Harvey, Eiehard Guille, 1898. Lawyer. 207 Sixth St. Eesidence, 1612 Main St., Eaeine, Wis. Haskell, Agnes, 1876. (Mrs. George H. Noyes) Hatch, Helen L., 1878. (Mrs. I. W. Burhans) Hays, Mrs. James Amenzo, 1891. (Florence Elizabeth Baker) 3211 N. 31st St., Tacoma, Wash. H'Doubler, Francis Todd, 1907. Physician. Peter Bent Srigham Hospital, Boston, Mass. *Head, Margaret Louise, 1911. (Mrs. Walther Buchen). Heald, Frederick DeForest, 1894. Professor of plant pathology, Washing- ton State College, Pullman, Wash. Heald, Lillian B., 1893. (Mrs. Louis Kahlenberg) Healy, Mrs. William, 1887. (Mary Tenney) Social worker. 849 WUlow St., Winnetka, 111. *Helmholtz, Anna Augusta, 1905. (Mrs. Raymond V. Phelan) Hemenway, Mary, 1916. Home, Carlsbad, N. M. *Henika, Mrs. E. Bay, 1906. (Kate Goldie Grant) 247 Cedar St., Wau- watosa. Wis. Herrick, Alfred James, 1909. Teacher of physics and agriculture. State Normal School, 201 N. Fremont St., Stevens Point, Wis. *Heuer, George Julius, 1903. Surgeon. 16 E. Biddle St., Baltimore, Md. Hibbard, Carlisle V., 1900. 124 E. 24th St., New York, N. Y. Hibbard, Mrs. Carlisle V., 1900. (Sue E. LoweU) Same address. Higgins, Irene, 1916. Home, Eagle Eiver, Wis. *Hill, Mrs. Carl N., 1910. (Ada Elizabeth Swanson) 404 S. Warren St., Madison, Wis. Hinkley, Lueretia F., 1899. (Mrs. John W. McMillan) Himnan, George Wheeler, Jr., 1913. Journalist. The Chicago Tribune, Chicago, 111. Home, Marietta, O. Hitchcock, Eaymond Koyce, 1907. Professor of mathematics. University of North Dakota, University, N. D. Hockett, Homer C, 1903. Professor of American history, Ohio State University, 277 Fourteenth St., Columbus, Ohio. Alpha op Wisconsin 67 HoUister, Clarence Allan, 1914. Teacher. Home, 1409 Franklin St., Eacine, Wis. Holt, Eobert Benton, 1901. Professor of physics, Tennessee College. MurfreesboTO, Tenn. *Hook, Edward Alfred, 1900. Teacher, Commercial High School, SrooJclyn, N. T. Hooper, Junius Thomas, 1892. Principal, School for the Blind, Janesville, Wis. Hopkins, Grace Louise^ 1894. (Mrs. H. L. Kellogg) *Hoppert, Amo Henry, 1916. Home, E. B. 4, No. 15, Sheboygan, Wis. Hoskins, Leander Miller, 1883. Professor of applied mathematics, Stan- ford University. 365 Lincoln Ave., Palo Alto, Cal. Hotton, John Sidney, 1891. Business manager, Y. M. C. A. College. 5315 Drexel Ave., Chicago, 111. Hover, Hattie, 1877. (Mrs. Charles F. Harding) Hoyt, Amy Glorane, 1912. (Mrs. James M. Smith) Hoyt, Henry Warrington, 1872. Shipbuilding. 179 East Grand Blvd., Detroit, Mich. Hoyt, Ralph Melvin, 1010. Attorney. 911 Wells Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis. Residence, 649 Cass St., Milwaukee, Wis. Hubbard, Joseph Bradley, 1912. Student, Harvard University. 54 Perkins Haii, 'Cambridge, Mass. Huebner, Grover Gerhard, 1905. Assistant professor of transportation and commerce, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Huebner, Solomon S., 1902. Professor of insurance and commerce. Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. 516 South 44th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Huenkemier, Jennie A., 1893. (Mrs. J. A. Aylward) Hunt, Richard Nash, 1915. Geologist. Home, 5 Langdon St., Madison. Hurlbut, Stephen A., 1901. 119 West 92nd St., New York, N. Y. *Hutchison, Helen, 1910. (Mrs. Thomas M. Kearney) *Jackson, Raymond Thomas, 1915. Law Student, University of Wisconsin. 616 N. Lake St., Madison, Wis. Home, Mineral Point, Wis. Jaeck, Emma Gertrude, 1903. Professor of German and Spanish, Oxford College, Oxford, Ohio. James, Frances Sophia Courtenay, 1904. Librarian. Box 482, Rochester, Minn. Jamieson, William Henry, 1901. Physician and surgeon. Ottawa, 111. Jamison, Charles Laselle, 1913. Assistant treasurer, A. M. Byers Com- pany. 235 Water St., Pittsburgh, Pa. Janeck, Marion Thomasine, 1891. (Mrs. A. W. Eichter) Janes, Henry Lorenzo, 1902. Construction of public works. MacArthur Bros. Co., 11 Pine St., New York City. *Jannsen, Mrs. W. V., 1901. (Caroline W. Evans) 5815 Wayne Ave., Chicago, m. Johnson, Agnes Learned, 1910. (Mrs. H. F. Ringo) 68 Phi Beta BIappa Johnson, Aimee Louise, 1913. Teacher. 811 Hazel Ave., Canon City, Colo. Home, 1155 Twelfth Ave., Moline, 111. Johnson, Amanda, 1893. The Langdon Flats, Bunker and Des Flames Sts., Chicago, III. Johnson, Charles Laselle, 1913. No address. Johnson, Mrs. E. J., 1889. (BeUe Flesh) 350 West 115th St., New York, N. Y. Johnson, Emery Eichard, 1888. Professor of transportation and com- merce. University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pa. ' .Johnson, Ida Petrine, 1906. Teacher. 1020 Third Ave. S., Fargo, N. D. Home, Onalaska, Wis. Johnson, Julia, 1881. (Mrs. William Trelease) Johnson, Laura Butler, 1912. Teacher. Home, 626 N. Henry St., Madi- son, Wis. *Johnson, Mrs. Paul B., 1907. (Helen Armine Fay) 844 Prospect Place, Madison, Wis. Jones, Burr W., 1870. Attorney. Badger Block. Eeaidence, 112 Langdon St., Madison, Wis. *Jones, Charles William, 1914. Accountant. 3210 W. Arthington St., Chicago, 111. Jones, Chester Lloj'd-, 1902. Associate Professor of political science. University of Wisconsin. 151 Summit Ave., Madison. Jones, Ella Bessie, 1913. Teacher. 617 N. Sixth St., Manitowoc, Wis. Home, E. F. D. 4, Oshkosh, Wis. Jones, GranviUe Duane, 1882. Lawyer. Wausau, Wis. Jones, Howard Mumford, 1914. Adjunct Professor of English, University of Texas. Home, 1632 Ferry St., La Crosse, Wis. *Juday, Mrs. Chancey, 1904. (Magdalen Evans) 35 Lathrop St., Madison. *Juergens, Hubert Frederick, 1915. Home, 97 Buffajo St., Hamburg, N. Y. *Kadish, Victor Hugo, 1906. Superintendent, Milwaukee Patent Leather Co., 736 Farwell Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Kahlenberg, Louis, 1892. Professor of chemistry. University of Wisconsin. 234 Lathrop St., Madison, Wis. Kahlenberg, Mrs. Louis, 1893. (Lillian Heald) Same address. Karges, Eudolph Andrew, 1906. State Normal School, River Falls, Wis. *Katz, Prank James, 1905. U. S. Creological Survey, Washington, D. C. Katz, George Henry, 1893. Lawyer. 130 Thirtieth St., Milwaukee, Wis. Katz, Mrs. George Henry, 1893. (Jessie GriflSth) Died Nov. 2, 1913. *Kearney, Jeannette, 1914. Teacher, Monticello, Wis. Home, Washington Ave., Eacine, Wis. *Kearney, Mrs. Thomas M., 1910. (Helen Hutchison) 115 Twelfth St., Bacine, Wis. Keech, Elizabeth M., 1899. (Mrs. Paul V. Bacon) Kellogg, Mrs. H. L., 1894. (Grace Louise Hopkins) 913 Hackett Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Alpha op Wisconsin 69 Kelsey, Eachel Marjorie, 1901. Teacher, Milwaukee State Normal School. 803 Frederick Ave., Milwaukee. Home, 1221 Oak St., Baraboo, Wis. Kerr, Charles H., 1881. Publisher. 341-349 E. Ohio St., Chicago. Kerr, James Bremer, 1889. Lawyer. 1410 Yeon Bldg., Portland, Ore. Kerr, Harold Dabney, 1916. Home, Catonsville, Md. Key, Mrs. Wilhelmina Entemau, 1894. (Wilhelmina M. Enteman) Director of research (eugenics). State Institution, Polk, Pa. Kieckhefer, Mrs. Robert J., 1906. (Meta Starke) 180 Thirty-first St., Milwaukee, Wis. Kieckhoefer, Viola Meta, 1916. Died Mar. 20, 1916. Kies, William Samuel, 1899. Vice-president, National City Bank, New York, N. Y., 55 Wall St. Residence, Scarborough-on-Hudson, N. Y. Kimball, Edna G., 1895. Home, 875 W. 7th St., Superior, Wis. Kind, Mrs. John L., 1891. (Elsbeth Veerhusen) 414 N. Livingston St., Madison, Wis. •King, Anna B., 1903. (Mrs. L. D. Leadbotter) King, Bessie S., 1900. (Mrs. H. H. Maurer) King, Mrs. F. A., 1910. (Edith Shatto) Social worker. Care King and Dexter Co., Portland, Me. Kleclmer, Bertha Diana, 1910. (Mrs. N. C. Phillips) Knapp, Kemper K., 1879. Lawyer. 208 S. La Salle St., Chicago. Knowlton, Philip Arnold, 1906. Macmillan Co., Seattle, Wash. Koehsel, Minnie Clara, 1913. Teacher. Home, Delavan, Wis. Kostalek, John Anton, 1907. Associate professor of chemistry. University of Idaho. Moscow, Idaho. *Kranioh, Mrs. Frank, 1908. (Eva G. Lewis) 611 S. Few St., Madison, Wis. Kremers, Edward, 1888. Professor of pharmaceutical chemistry, Univer sity of Wisconsin. 1720 Vilas St., Madison, Wis. •Kremers, Roland Edward, 1915. Instructor in chemistry, Wabash College Crawfordsville, lud. Home, 1720 Vilas St., Madison, Wis. Kronshage, Ernst Hildebrand, 1898. Editor of the Milwaukee Free Press. 495 Newton Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. *Kiistermann, Walter Wolleben, 1908. Instructor in mathematics, Univer sity of Michigan. 716 Forest Ave., Ann Arbor, Mich. La Follette, Fola, 1904. (Mrs. George Middleton) 158 Waverly Place, New York, N. Y. La Follette, Robert Marion, 1879. U. S. senator. Washington, D. C La Follette, Mrs. Robert Marion, 1879. (Belle Case) 1864 Wyoming Ave. N. W., Washington, D. C. Larafrom, Leon Benedict, 1905. Attorney, 1010 Majestic Bldg. Residence 900 Shepard Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. *Landau, Lloyd Harold, 1915. Student, Harvard Law school. 1590 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge. Home, 340 19th St., Milwaukee. *Langenhan, Selma, 1907. (Mrs. E. J. B. Schubring) 70 Phi Beta Kappa *Laiigley, Mrs. George W., Jr., 1905. (Margaret Coffin) Eau Claire, Wis. Larsen, Arthur William, 1913. Instructor in mathematics. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kan. Larsen, Karen, 1905. Teacher. Lutheran Normal School, Sioux Falls, S. r>. Home, Decorah, Iowa. Larson, Veda Belva, 1913. Teacher, Stoughton, "Wis. Home, Deeriield, Wis. •Leadbetter, Mrs. L. A., 1902. (Anna B. King) 27 N. Oneida Ave., Rhinelander, Wis. Leary, Mary Cecil, 1914. Teacher, Chilton, Wis. Home, 130 N. Hancock St., Madison, Wis. *Lelmiami, Sarah Katherine, 1911. Teacher. 8017 Third Ave. W., Ashland, Wis. Home, Woodland, Wis. Leiserson, William Morris, 1908. Professor of economics and political science, Toledo University, Toledo, Ohio. Leith, Charles Kenneth, 1897. Professor of geology. University of Wis. Lenroot, Katharine Fredriea, 1912. Special agent. Children's Bureau, United States Department of Labor. Washington, D. C. Lentzner, Florence, 1910. (Mrs. Alexander C. Sladky) Leonard, Sylvia, 1915. Teacher, 664 E. 24th St., Indianapolis, Ind. Home, Poynette, Wis. *Lewis, Dorothy, 1916. Home, 725 N. Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, Ind. Lewis, Eva Grace, 1909. (Mrs. Frank Kranich) *Lewis, Mrs. Harmon, 1915. (Winifred Eettger) Home, 31 Gilbert Ave., Terre Haute, Ind. »Lewis, Kead, 1909. Lawyer. 924 West End Ave., New York City. *Liefert, Mrs. F. C, 1910. (Angela J. Anthony) 1019 Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Livingston, Mrs. 8. L., 1908. (Euth C. Van Slyke) Pasco, Wash. *Lochner, Louis Paul, 1909. Secretary, American Peace Society, Chicago. Lockhart, Mrs. C. W., 1899. (Gladys Gale) Mellen,-Wis. Lockney, Henry, 1897. Lawyer. 120 East Ave., Waukesha, Wis. *Loeb, Joseph, 1900. Died July 1, 1907. Loeb, Max, 1905. Dealer in horses. Loeb and Hammel, Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. Residence, 4854 Grand Boulevard, Chicago. Love, Mrs. George S., 1898. (Anna Norsman) 223 Wisconsin Ave., Waukesha, Wis. Lowell, Susie E., 1900. (Mrs. Carlisle V. Hibbard) Lowenthal, Marvin Marx, 1915. Graduate student, Harvard University. Home, 43 Congress St., Bradford, Pa. Luethe, Walter Jacob, 1912. Superintendent of schools, Bangor, Wis. Home, Norwalk, Wis. McCarthy, Alice Lillian, 1914. Teacher, Peotone, 111. Home, 116 N. Charter St., Madison, Wis. McClernan, Marie, 1900. Organist and choir director, St. Raphael's church. 305 West Main St., Madison, Wis. Alpha op Wisconsin 71 McClernan, Thomas Joseph, 1907. Died March 5, 1910. McClure, Martha S., 1911. (Mrs. Hugh Allen) MeConaohie, Mrs. L. 6., 1905. (Martha Fay) Slingerlands, N. Y. McCorkle, Mrs. W. S., 1897. (Edna Smith) Richland Center, Wis. McGilvary, Margaret Cornelia, 1914. Private secretary. American Press, Beirut, Syria. Home, 1902 Arlington Place, Madison, Wis. McGovern, Francis Edward, 1890. Attorney. 1102 Wells Bldg., Mil- waukee, Wis. *McKittrick, Leland Sterling, 1915. Home, Eau Claire, Wis. McLean, Marion Clara, 1901. (Mrs. Guy W. Crane) McLenegan, Annie Susan, 1897. Beloit, Wis. McMillan, Mrs. John W., 1899. (Lucretia Hinkley) 740 Frederick Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. McMjTin, Louise, 1888. (Mrs. Howard Greene) McNab, Joseph Lowe, 1896. Lawyer. 69 W. Washington St., Chicago. Residence, Piano, 111. McNair, Fred Walter, 1891. President, Michigan College of Mines. 314 College Ave., Houghton, Mich. McNair, Grace Elizabeth, 1898. Teacher. 154 Euclid Ave., Pasadena, Cal. Macnish, Ralph B., 1900. 5 Elizabeth Ct., Oak Park, HI. Magnusson, Mrs. C. Edward, 1904. (Elva Cooper) 4521 Nineteenth Ave. N. E., Seattle, Wash. 'Manchester, Frederick Alexander, 1904. Assistant professor of English, University of Wisconsin. 130% Lathrop St., Madison, Wis. *March, James Herbert, 1917. Home, East Market St., Warren, Ohio. *Marquette, George John, 1904. Physician. Deer Lodge, Mont. Marquette, William George, 1903. Associate professor of botany, Columbia University. Besidence, Fleasantville, N. ¥. Marquette, Mrs. William George, 1904. (Mary Christena Sands) Fleas- antville, N. T. *Marquissee, Victor Grant, 1904. Court Reporter. 1129 S. Wilton Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Marshall, Ruth, 1892. Instructor in biology, Northern Illinois State Nor- mal School, De Kalb, 111. Home, Kilbourn, Wis. Marter, Herbert Lambert, 1915. Chemist, Sears Roebuck Co. 351 S. Homan Ave., Chicago, 111. Home, 953 Eleventh St., Milwaukee, Wis. Mashek, Anna Magdalene, 1904. Teacher. 1240 Mississippi St., La Crosse, Wis. Mason, Max, 1898. Professor of mathematical physics, University of Wisconsin. Madison, Wis. Maurer, Mrs. H. H., 1900. (Bessie S. King) Writer. ZSJfS Camp St., New Orleans, La. Mayhew, Lester Cooper, 1892. Fvrniture manufactiirrr. 356 SoiiaU Place, Milwaukee, Wis. 72 Phi Beta Kappa *Meinhardt, Leonore Agnes, 1901. (Mrs. R. H. Van Cleve) *Merk, Frederick, 1911. Fellow, Harvard University. Home, 745 27th St., Milwaukee, Wis. Merkel, Harold Leland, 1914. Home, 379 31st St., Milwaukee, Wis. Merrill, Agnes, 1902. High school teacher. 1700 Thomas Place, Min- neapolis. Home, Ashland, Wis. Merrill, George F., 1872. Attorney. Ashland, Wis. Merrill, Henry Baldwin, 1916. Home, 707 Goodrich Ave., St. Paul, Minn. Merrill, Mrs. Pomeroy C, 1909. (Clara Cronin) Box 122, Aurora, Minn. Meyer, Arthur WUliam, 1898. Professor of human anatomy, Stanford University. 121 Waverley St., Palo Alto, Cal. Meyer, Balthasar H., 1894. Chairman, Interstate Commerce Commission. Highlands Manor, Wisconsin Ave., Washington, D. C. Meyer, Ernst Christopher, 1901. Rockefeller Foundation, 61 Broadway, New York. Residence, 8 Central Ave., Crawford, N. J. Meyer, Juliet D., 1875. (Mrs. Webster E. Brown) Michell, Mrs. R. B., 1910. (Ethelyn Anna Doe) 808 Oakland Ave., Madison, Wis. Middleton, Mrs. George, 1904. (Fola La FoUette) 158 Waverly Place, New York, N. Y. *Mielenz, Nora May, 1911. Teacher. Home, 175 Thirty-second St., Mil- waukee, Wis. Millard, Carlotta M., 1893. (Mrs. Alson I. Smith) *Miller, Dora May, 1915. (Mrs. C. M. Osterheld) *Mills, Laura Roe, 1916. Home, 146 Livingston St., Buffalo, N. Y. *Minn, Elsie Marcellite, 1907. (Mrs. W. E. Fisher) Mock, Marguerite, 1916. Home, 633 Hackett Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. *Moehlmann, Lillian Susan, 1917. Home 336 West Dayton St., Madison. Montgomery, Carroll Sinclair, 1872. Attorney. 624 Omaha National Bank Bldg., Omaha, Neb. Moore, Anna Roseline, 1915. High school teacher. Mineral Point, Wis. Home, Cambridge, Wis. *Moore, Mrs. E. Lansford, 1912. (May Bell Whitaker) 10936 Esmond St., Morgan Park, Chicago, HI. Moore, Roger Emmett, 1915. Assistant in mathematics. University of Wisconsin. Home, 202 S. Warren St., Madison, Wis. Morgan, Mrs. B. Q., 1909. (Johanna Eossberg-Leipnitz) 1710 Adams St., Madison, Wis. Morris, Howard, 1887. Lawyer. 333 Summit Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Morrissey, Katherine Webster, 1913. Teacher, St. Louis, Mo. Home, 15 Oak Terrace, Webster Groves, Mo. Moseley, Anna Burr, 1885. 120 Langdon St., Madison, Wis. Moseley, Mrs. W. T., 1903. (Josephine Wells) Cando, N. D. Moses, Edward Walter, 1915. Home, 3637 Pennsylvania Ave., Kansas City, Mo. Alpha of Wisconsin 73 MueEer, Amy Fredericka, 1916. Home 21 East Gorham St., Madison. MueUer, Olga, 1896. (Mrs. Alfred G. Eddy) Munro, Jeannette, 1915. Visitor, New York Charity Organization Society. Home, 119 Fitz-Eandolph Eoad, Princeton, N. J. Myers, Louis Wescott, 1893. Judge of the Superior Court. 5387 Lemon Grove Ave., Los Angeles, Cal. Naber, Delia, 1913. Borne, Mayville, Wis. Narr, Edward Eichard, 1916. Home, 554 Walker St., Milwaukee, Wis. Nash, Guy, 1897. Secretary and Manager, Jackson Milling Co. Stevens Point, Wis. Nash, Nellie Irene, 1897. (Mrs. W. A. Scott) Nelson, John Mandt, 1892. Congressman. House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. Home, Monona Heights, Madison. 'Newcomer, Harry Sidney, 1909. Pathologist. Pennsylvania Hospital, 8th & Spruce Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Newson, Mrs. H. B., 1889. (Mary F. Winston) Assistant professor of mathematics. Whitin Hall, Washburn College, Topeka, Kan. Nicolls, Mary Mohr, 1913. Curtis Publishing Co., Philadelphia. 914 Pine St., Philadelphia. Home, Wausau, Wis. Niven, John M., 1900. Lawyer. 1413 First National Bank Bldg., Mil- waukee, Wis. Norsman, Anna, 1898. (Mrs. George S. Love) Noyes, George Henry, 1873. Died Jan. 9, 1915. Noyes, Mrs. George Henry, 1876. (Agnes Haskell) 204 Prospect Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Ochsner, Albert J., 1884. Surgeon. 2106 Sedgwick St., Chicago, HI. Ochsner, Benjamin J., 1896. Physician and surgeon. Durango, Colo. Ochsner, Edward H., 1891. Surgeon. 2038 Lane Court, Chicago. 2155 Cleveland Ave., Chicago, 111. Olbrich, Emil, 1905. Died August 29, 1906. Olbrich, Michael Balthasar, 1902. Lawyer. Pioneer Block, Madison, Wis. Olin, Mrs. John M., 1876. (Helen Eemingtou) 130 Prospect Ave., Madi- son, Wis. Olson, Julius Emil, 1884. Professor of Scandinavian languages, Univer- sity of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. *0'Shea, Harriet Eastabrooks, 1916. Home, 140 Langdon St., Madison. *Osterheld, Mrs. C. M., 1916. (Dora Miller) Stoughton, Wis. Otto, Max Charles, 1906. Associate professor of philosophy, Univer- sity of Wisconsin. 1155 Edgewood Ave., Madison, Wis. Owen, Mrs. Eay S., 1903. (Theo Pickford) 2120 Monroe St., Madison. Paetow, Louis John, 1902. Assistant professor of mediseval history, University of California. 722 Arlington Ave., Berkeley, Cal. Paine, Effie Clarissa, 1911. Teacher, Madison, Wis. Home, 287 Pleasant St., Milwaukee, Wis. 74 Phi Beta Kappa Parkinson, John Barber, 1860. Vice-president and professor emeritus of constitutional and international law, University of Wisconsin. Parlin, Charles Coolidge, 1893. Manager of Commercial Research, Curtis Publishing Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Pease, Lynn Spencer, 1886. Lawyer. 1301 Majestic Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis. Residence, 520 Wauwatosa Ave., Wauwatosa, Wis. *Pease, Mary Eunever, 1913. (Mrs. E. H. Washburne) *Pence, Helen Charlotte, 1915. Teacher. 1368 East 52nd St., Chicago. Pence, Nellie Ada, 1913. Teacher. 313 N. Mills, Madison, Wis. Home, 1368 East 52nd St., Chicago, 111. Pengra, Charlotte, 1897. (Mrs. A. E. Crathorne) Died February 9, 1916. Perkins, Nell Millar, 1891. (Mrs. Allan Dawson) Perry, Clara Harmon, 1912. Teacher. 104 N. Maple Ave., Eidgewood, N. J. Home, 22 N. Oakland Ave., Atlantic City, N. J. Persons, Warren Milton, 1899. Professor of economics and dean of the Judson M. Bemis Department of Business Administration and Bank- ing of Colorado College. 123 Tyler Place, Colorado Springs, Colo. *Pesta, Eose Alice, 1902. PrincipaJ, West Pullman Grammar School, Chi- cago. Hotel Del Prado, Chicago, 111. Peterson, Marius Smith, 1910. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Peterson, LeEoy, 1916. Home, Amery, Wis. Pfeiffer, Charles Albert, 1914. Ft. Atkinson, Wis. Home, Plymouth, Wis. *Phelan, Mrs. Raymond V., 1905. (Anna A. Helmholtz) Assistant profes- sor of English, University of Minnesota. 612 Tenth Ave. S. E., Minneapolis, Minn. Phelps, Arthur Warren, 1890. Died June 24, 1913. Philipp, Ernest Joseph, 1916. Home, 589 Fifth Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Phillips, Mrs. N. C, 1910. (Bertha Kleckner) 228 Jefferson St., Free- port, 111. Pickford, Merle Searls, 1902. (Mrs. J. D. E. Steven) Pickford, Theo Beatrice, 1903. (Mrs. Ray Sprague Owen) *Pierson, Merle, 1912. Teacher. 15 West Dayton St., Madison, Wis. Home, 474 Twenty-first St., Milwaukee, Wis. *Piper, Eaymond Frank, 1912. Home, 180 Scott Ave., Wellsville, N. Y. Pitman, Annie Maria, 1897. Assistant professor of Latin, Extension Division, University of Wisconsin. 414 N. Henry, Madison, Wis. Pitman, Bertha S., 1885. (Mrs. F. C. Sharp) Pleuss, Anita Valentine, 1916. Home, 1229 Jenifer St., Madison, Wis. *Plumb, Ealph Gordon, 1901. Wholesale grocer. 845 N. 7th St., Manito- woc, Wis. *Pomeroy, Lilla Mary, 1909. (Mrs. Laurence E. Cochran) *Pomeroy, Mabel Frances, 1910. Teacher. Alexandria Hotel, Spokane, Wash. Home, 316 N. Park St., Madison, Wis. Alpha of Wisconsin 75 *Pope, Eosa Mathilde, 1908. (Degree awarded in 1915.) Teacher. 914 State St., Eaeine, Wis. Post, Katharine Demarest, 1893. Teacher. 931 East First St., Duluth, Minn. Powers, Harry Huntington, 1882. President, Bureau of University Travel. 9 Sillings Park, Newton, Mass. Powers, Joseph Horace, 1889. Professor of zoology, University of Nebraska. Station A, Lincoln, Neb. Price, Beulah May, 1909. Home, Cambria, Wis. Pugh, Grace M., 1915. Teacher. Home, 11 East Johnson St., Madison. Purin, Charles Maltador, 1907. Associate professor of German, Univer- sity of Wisconsin. Madison, Wis. Pyre, James Francis Augustin, 1892. Associate professor of English, University of Wisconsin. Madison, Wis. Quigley, William J., 1911. No address. Ralph, Agnes Clarissa, 1893. High school teacher, Los Angeles, Cal. Owensmouth, Cal. Kathjen, Edwin Frederick, 1905. No address. Eaymer, George W., 1871. Retired. 965 New York Ave., Pasadena, Cal. *Eeichert, John Lester, 1917. Home, 103 Eighth Ave., West Bend, Wis. Eeid, Alexander Hamilton, 1888. Circuit Judge, 16th Circuit of Wiscon- sin. 524 Franklin St., Wausau, Wis. Eeid, Alice Jane, 1906. Student at Chicago College of Osteopathy. 1614 West Adams St., Chicago. Home, Oconomowoc, Wis. Eeid, Mary Elizabeth, 1910. High school teacher, Appleton, Wis. Home, Oconomowoc, Wis. Keid, Maude Dunlap, 1913. (Mrs. C. W. Tomlinson) Eeinsch, Paul Samuel, 1892. Minister to China, Peking, China. Depart- ment of State, Washington, D. C. Eeis, Alviu Carl, 1913. Student, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass. Home, 225 Mulberry St., Evansville, Ind. *Eettger, Winifred Eussell, 1915. (Mrs. Harmon Lewis) Eeyer, Edward Gerald, 1912. EaUroad Commission of Wisconsin. 311 N. Murray St., Madison, Wis. Home, Colby, Wis. *Eiee, Euth Catherine, 1914. Librarian, Madison High School Branch Library. Home, 406 W. Doty St., Madison, Wis. Eice, Ole Salter, 1899. State supervisor of school libraries. 406 W. Doty St., Madison, Wis. *Eiohdorf, Lawrence Francis, Jr., 1917. Home, Maribel, Wis. Richter, Mrs. Arthur W., 1891. (Marion Thomasine Janeck) 713 S. Central Ave., Bozeman, Mont. Eider, Melinda Catherine, 1904. Teacher. 254 West Eleventh St., Dubuque, Iowa. Eingo, Mrs. H. F., 1910. (Agnes L. Johnson) Montreal, Wis. Eoach, Mrs. James T., 1914. (Gyneth Fries) Waterloo, Wis. 76 Phi Beta Kappa Eoberts, Alexander Crippen, 1906. Principal of high school. 2216 Wet- more Ave., Everett, Wash. Eobertson, William Spence, 1899. Assistant professor of history, Univer- sity of Illinois. 908 Nevada St., Urbana, HI. Robinson, Edgar Eugene, 1908. Assistant professor of American history, Stanford University, Cal. Robinson, Florence Porter, 1889. 543 Marshall St., Milwaukee, Wis. Rockwell, Mrs. LeGrand, 1890. (Mary Fairchild) Box 366, Elkhorn, Wis. *Roehl, Julius Otto, 1908. Lawyer. 501 First National Bank Bldg. Resi- dence, 879 Third St., Milwaukee, Wis. Rogers, Charles B., 1893. Lawyer. Fort Atkinson, Wis. Rogers, George Arthur, 1901. No address. Roller, Julianne Anna, 1908. Teacher. Portland, Ore. Residence, 1145 Ivan St., Portland, Ore. *Rosencranz, Mrs. Richard, 1913. (Margaret Eberle) 108 Sunset Ave., Evansville, Ind. Rossberg-Leipnitz, Johanna, 1909. (Mrs. B. Q. Morgan) Roth, William Edward, 1915. Home, S. F. D. No. 3, Mansion, Wis. Ruedebusch, Frances Lina, 1910. High school teacher. Mineral Point, Wis. Home, Mayville, Wis. Ruedebusch, Gretchen, 1910. (Mrs. E. T. Erickson) Ruediger, William Carl, 1899. Professor of educational psychology, George Washington University. Washington, D. G. Eunge, Ralf Thiele, 1914. Instructor in German, New York University. Home, Baraboo, Wis. Russell, Harry Luman, 1888. Dean of the College of Agriculture, Uni- versity of Wisconsin. Madison, Wis. *Eyan, Marion Eva, 1906. 511 Grant St., Wausau, Wis. *Ryan, Mary Agnes, 1913. Teacher. 421 Harrison St., Port Washing- ton, Wis. Home, Sun Prairie, Wis. Sabin, Kate, 1893. (Mrs. E. Ray Stevens) Saby, T. Sever, 1900. Banker. Alma, Wis. Saleski, Felicitas Anna, 1915. Teacher. Three Lakes, Wis. Salisbury, Jerome Henry, 1874. Died May 14, 1915. *Samp, Edward Joseph, 1913. Secretary, Board of Commerce. Bellevue Apartments, Madison, Wis. Sanborn, Mrs. John B., 1899. (Gertrude StiUman) 2115 Van Hise Ave., Madison, Wis. Sands, Mary Christena, 1904. (Mrs. W. G. Marquette) Sanford, Albert Hart, 1891. Teacher, State Normal School. 532 West Ave. S., La Crosse, Wis. Sargent, Frank Byron, 1904. Accountant. 80 Willis St., New Bedford, Mass. Sarles, Josephine, 1883. (Mrs. David F. Simpson) Alpha op Wisconsin 77 Sawyer, Hiram Arthur, 1896. Lawyer. IT. S. attorney. Eastern District of Wisconsin, 316 Federal Bldg., Milwaukee. Home, Hartford, Wis. •Schaad, Mrs. Judd M., 1908. (Zettie E. Sieb) 1823 W. 6th St., Racine, Wis. Schafer, Joseph,' 1894. Professor of history. University of Oregon. 1378 Thirteenth Ave. E., Eugene, Ore. Sehaper, William A., 1895. Professor of political science. University of Minnesota. Minneapolis, Minn. Schlieher, John J., 1892. Professor of Latin, Indiana State Normal School. 1811 N. Eighth St., Terre Haute, Ind. Schlundt, Herman, 1894. Professor of physical chemistry, University of Missouri. 303 Hicks Ave., Columbia, Mo. Schmidt, Mrs. E. A., 1899. (Ruth M. Hanchett) Crandon, TTis. Schmidt, Ella Dorothea, 1914. High school teacher, Beaver Dam, Wis. Home, 2113 Cold Springs Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Schneider, Francis Lee, 1907. Instructor in English, Michigan Agricul- tural College. 320 North Walnut St., Lansing, Mich. *Schoenleber, Gretchen B., 1911. Secretary of Ambrosia Chocolate Co., Milwaukee. Residence, 266 Tenth St., Milwaukee, Wis. Scholz, Richard Frederick, 1902. Assistant professor of ancient history. University of California, Berkeley, Cal. *Schram, Peter Henry, 1906. Died Dec. 14, 1910. Schreiner, Oswald, 1897. Biochemist, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 35 Primrose St., Chevy Chase, Md. *Schubring, Mrs. E. J. B., 1907. (Selma Langenhan) 415 N. Park St., Madison, Wis. Schulc, Frederick William, Jr., 1901. Teacher. 2113 Cold Spring Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Schule, Paul Adolph, 1904. Physician. 1507 Rhode Island Ave. N. W., Washington, D. C. Schultz, Augusta Frederica, 1912. Teacher. 287 Jersey St., Buffalo, N. T. Home, 9 Bank St., Westfleld, N. Y. Schuster, Rose E., 1885. (Mrs. H. J. Taylor) Schwab, Mabel Lloyd, 1914. Teacher. Omro, Wis. Home, 347 Fifth Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Schwenker, Calvin Floyd, 1911. Bank examiner. State Banking Depart- ment. 820 Sixth Ave., Eau Claire, Wis. Scott, Mrs. W. A., 1897. (Nellie Irene Nash) 222 Spooner St., Madison. Secrist, Horace, 1907. Professor of economics. Northwestern University. 811 Goffield Place, Evanston, HI. Seller, Livia, 1900. Died Oct. 5, 1901. Seilstad, Edna Theodora, 1907. 1933 Main St., La Crosse, Wis. *Sevringhaus, Elmer Louis, 1916. Home, New Albany, Ind. Seward, Leila Huntington, 1913. Rosenberg Public Library, QaNeeton, Tex. Home, 108 Laurel Ave., Binghamton, N. Y. 78 Phi Beta Kappa Sexton, Charles Richard, 1911. Chief clerk, Treasury Department, Ten- nessee Coal, Iron & Ey. Co. 1325 S. 19th St., Birmingham, Ala. Sexton, Walter Gresham, 1908. Physician and surgeon. 108 W. Third St., Marshfield, Wis. Seymour, Arthur Eomeyn, 1894. Associate professor of Romance lan- guages, University of Illinois. 909 W. Nevada St., Urbana, 111. *Seymour, Mrs. Arthur B., 1900. (Mary B. Fries) Same address. Seymour, Helen, 1914. Secretary. Home, 850 Linden Ave., Hubbard Woods, m. Shapiro, Rebecca, 1898. (Mrs. Richard J. Strauss) Sharp, Mrs. Frank C, 1885. (Bertha S. Pitman) 659 Mendota Court, Madison, Wis. Shatto, Edith May, 1910. (Mrs. F. A. King) Shavr, Joseph Lawrence, 1899. Lawyer. Geneseo, 111. Shea, Edmund Burke, 1913. Student, Harvard Law School. Home, Ashland, Wis. Sheets, Marjorie Naomi, 1914. Student, University of Chicago. Home, 298 Woodland Ave., Columbus, Ohio. Shibata, Genkwan, 1909. Consulting factory accountant. 910 Majestic Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis. Showerman, Jesse Grant, 1896. Professor of Latin, University of Wis- consin. 410 N. Butler St., Madison, Wis. *Sieb, Zettie Ethel, 1908. (Mrs. Judd M. Schaad) Siebeoker, Robert G., 1878. Associate Justice, Wisconsin Supreme Court. 116 E. Gorham St., Madison, Wis. Sieker, William Christian, 1899. Principal, continuation school. 1542 Prospect Place, Milwaukee, Wis. Simons, Algie M., 1895. Editor, Press Bulletin, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. Simpson, David Ferguson, 1882. Lawyer. 630 First National and Soo Line Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Simpson, Mrs. David P., 1883. (Josephine Sarles) Winter address, 1508 Harmon Place, Minneapolis, Minn. Summer address, Wildhurst Road, Excelsior, Minn. Skavlem, John Harvey, 1916. Home, 412 N. Madison St., Stoughton, Wis. Skinrood, Carle Oscar, 1906. Financial Editor, Milwaukee Journal. Sladky, Mrs. Alexander C, 1910. (Florence Lentzner) 878 Fourteenth St., Milwaukee, Wis. Slichter, Sumner Huber, 1913. Home, 636 Frances St., Madison, Wis. Slonaker, James RoUin, 1893. Professor of physiology, Stanford Univer- sity. 334 Kingsley Ave., Palo Alto, Cal. Smith, Mrs. Alson I., 1893 (Carlotta Millard) 366 Wauwatosa Ave., Wauwatosa, Wis. Smith, Daniel Du Pre, 1914. Teacher. Home, 1715 Kendall Ave., Madison. Smith, Edna, 1897. (Mrs. W. S. McCorkle) Alpha of Wisconsin 79 Smith, Howard Leslie, 1881. Professor of Law, University of Wisconsin. 1632 Jefferson St., Madison, Wis. Smith, Mrs. James Means, 1912. (Amy Glorane Hoyt) 1120 W. Johnson St., Madison, Wis. *Smith, Maxwell Austen, 1917. Home, 939 University Ave., Madison, Wis. Smith, Mrs. Pearl Mobry, 1914. Assistant in Botany, University of Wisconsin. 508 N. Frances St., Madison, Wis. *Smith, Phebe Maud, 1903. Teacher. Home, Juda, Wis. Smith, Walter McMynn, 1890. Librarian of the University of Wisconsin. Smith, Warren Du Pre, 1902. Geologist. University of Oregon. 941 E. 19th St., Eugene, Ore. Snyder, Myrtle Elizabeth, 1913. Assistant statistician, Industrial Com- mission of Wisconsin. 613 N. Francis St., Madison, Wis. Spooner, John Coit, 1864. Attorney, U Wall St., New York, N. 7. *8pringer, Benjamin Franklin, 1910. Department manager, John Schroe- der Lumber Co. Residence, 1163 Second St., Milwaukee, Wis. Starke, Meta Eleanor, 1906. (Mrs. R. G. Kieckhefer) Stearns, Mrs. F. W., 1881. (Emma Drinker) Died Aug. 19, 1914. Sterling, Susan Adelaide, 1879. Assistant Professor of German, Univer- sity of Wisconsin. 109 W. Washington Ave., Madison, Wis. Steven, Mrs. J. D. R., 1902. (Merle Piekford) 606 Second Ave., Eau Claire, Wis. Stevens, Edmund Ray, 1893. Circuit Judge. 1908 Arlington PL, Madi- son, Wis. Stevens, Mrs. E. Ray, 1893. (Kate Sabin) Same address. Stevens, Eva Emily, 1914. SoAianna, III. Stewart, Katherine Bernice, 1916. Assistant Editor of the Press Bulletin. Home, 926 W. Johnson St., Madison, Wis. Stillman, Gertrude, 1899. (Mrs. J. B. Sanborn) *Stolte, Freda, 1902. (Mrs. George B. Vinson) Stout, Arlow Burdette, 1909. Director of the Laboratories, New York Botanical Garden. New York, N. Y. Strauss, Mrs. Richard J., 1898. (Rebecca Shapiro) Marshfield, Wis. Street, Helen Dougal, 1876. Dean of women, Lewis Institute, Chicago. 1952 Monroe St., Chicago, HI. Stroud, Ray Morris, 1908. Lawyer. 1 W. Main St., Madison, Wis. *Swain, Katherine E., 1900. Died Feb. 15, 1902. Swanseu, Samuel T., 1890. Attorney with Northwestern Life Insurance Co., MUwauke^, Wis. •Swanson, Ada Elizabeth, 1910. (Mrs. Carl N. Hill) *Swarthout, Edyth Claire, 1913. Home, 904 Rose St., La Crosse, Wis. TaUman, William Duane, 1896. Professor of Mathematics, Montana State College. 7^6 Third Ave., Baseman, Mont. Tarrell, Arch LeRoy, 1909. Teacher. Platteville, Wis. 80 Phi Beta Kappa *Taylor, Archibald Roger, 1912. Assistant superintendent, City Light and Traction Co., Sedalia, Mo. Taylor, Mrs. H. J., 1885. (Eose Schuster) 1711 Douglas St., Sioux City, Iowa. Taylor, Joseph "Vincent, 1916. Home, Marple, Neb. *Taylor, Lily Boss, 1906. Instructor in Latin, Vassar College. Pough- keepsie, N. Y. *Taylor, Paul Schuster, 1917. Home, 1711 Douglass St., Sioux City, Iowa. Tenney, Mary, 1887. (Mrs. William Healy) Thompson, Grace, 1907. Chief, Bureau of Public Discussion, Extension Division, Indiana University. 407 Grant St., Bloomington, Ind. *Thompson, Mrs. James, 1909. (Dorothy Marie Burnham) Box 1, Nysera Park, New York. Thwaites, Fredrik Turville, 1906. Curator of Geological Museum, TTni- versity of Wisconsin. E. D. 4, Box 50, Madison, Wis. Ticknor, Elizabeth Goffe, 1903. (Mrs. C. C. Crawford) Tillotson, Eoy D., 1895. Attorney. 29 S. Madison St., Waupun, Wis. *Tolg, Clarence, 1910. Civic and Commerce Association, Minneapolis. *Tomlinson, Charles Weldon, 1913. Fellow in geology. University of Chi- cago. Eosenwald Hall, University of Chicago, Chicago, HI. Tomlinson, Mrs. Charles Weldon, 1913. (Maude Dunlap Eeid) B. F. D. 25, Oconomowoc, Wis. Towne, Laura, 1914. Teacher, Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio. Townley, Sidney Dean, 1890. Astronomer. Stanford University, Cal. *Townsend, Eugene Herbert, 1914. Medical student, Eush Medical College, Chicago, m. Home, New Lisbon, Wis. Tracy, Mrs. L. H., 1903. (George Challoner) 214 Elmwood St., Peoria, HI. Treakle, Helen Edna, 1915. Teacher. 316 Locust St., Beloit, Wis. Home, 1011 Grant St., Madison, Wis. Trelease, Mrs. William, 1881. (Julia Johnson) 1004 South Lincoln Ave., Urbana, 111. Treleven, John Edward, 1910. Associate professor of business adminis- tration. University of Texas, Austin, Texas. *Trott, Mrs. Henry L., 1901. (Jessie Alice Barney) Died August 12, 1914. Trottman, James Franklin, 1884. Attorney. 516 Caswell Block, Milwcm- Tcee, Wis. Trottman, Nelson Smith, 1914. Law student. Harvard Law School. Home, 508 LaFayette Place, Milwaukee, Wis. True, Eodney Howard, 1890. Physiologist in charge. Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Eesideuee, Glenn Dale, Prince George's Co., Md. Turner, Frederick Jackson, 1884. Professor of history. Harvard Univer- sity. 7 Phillips Place, Cambridge, Mass. Alpha of Wisconsin 81 Updegraff, Milton, 1884. Astronomer; ofBcer of U. S. Navy. 1719 Thirty-fifth St., Washington, D. C. Van Aukon, Clarice, 1909. Teacher. Bloomiagton, Ind. Home, 412 Sixth Ave., Clinton, Iowa. *Van Cleve, Mrs. E. H., 1901. (Leonore Meinhardt) Exeter, Cal. Van Dyke, Margaret Patterson, 1916. Home, Kilbourn, Wis. Van Hise, Charles Eichard, 1879. President, University of Wisconsin. 772 Langdou St., Madison, Wis. Van Hise, Mary Janet, 1909. Instructor in social service, Carnegie Insti- tute of Technology, Pittsburgh. Home, 772 Langdon St., Madison. Van Horn, Frederic Milo, 1900. North Division High School. 834 Hack- ett Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Van Slyke, Euth Corbett, 1908. (Mrs. S. L. Livingston) : Van Velzer, Marion, 1906. (Mrs. Lancaster D. Burling) Vaughan, James Patrick, 1907. Chisholm, Minn. Veerhusen, Elsbeth, 1891. (Mrs. John L. Kind) Vilas, Charles Atwood, 1899. Attorney. 226 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago. Vilas, Charles H., 1865. 822 Prospect PI., Madison, Wig. Vinje, Aad John, 1884. Judge Supreme Court Chambers. 412 N. Carroll St., Madison, Wis. * Vinson, George Bryant, 1902. Secretary-treasurer, National Straw Works. 3220 Chestnut St., Milwaukee, Wis. *Vinson, Mrs. George B., 1902. (Freda Stolte) Same address. Von Kaltenborn, Walter George, 1909. Vacuum cleaner contractor. 428 State St., Milwaukee. Eesidence, 1017 Tenth St., Milwaukee. Vroman, Charles Edward, 1868. Lawyer. 1206 Marquette Bldg., Chicago. Wagner, Eose May, 1905. (Mrs. J. P. Bruins) Wahl, Harry Eoswell, 1908. Pathologist. 850 E. 95th St., Cleveland, O. Wahl, Margaret Lydia, 1916. Home, 609 Lake Drive, Milwaukee, Wis. Wallace, Mrs. E. D., 1908. (Helen Flint) 450 N. Charter St., Madison, Wis. Walsh, Agnes Louise, 1905. Died Feb. 9, 1906. Wangard, Emily Clara, 1914. Home, Wauwatosa, Wis. Warner, Mrs. Ernest N., 1889. (Lillian Dale Baker) Merrill Springs Farm, Madison, Wis. *Washburn, Martha Lucile, 1907. Western Electric Co. Eesidence, 70 Morningside Drive, New York City. Home, Sturgeon Bay, Wis. Washburn, Eobert Glendenning, 1900. Physician. Associate professor of dermatology, Marquette University. OfBce, 1240-45 Wells Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis. Eesidence, 729 Franklin Place, Milwaukee, Wis. *Washburne, Mrs. E. H., 1913. (Mary Ennever Pease) Consultant in home economics, 3518 Sarnow Place, Milwaukee. Home, 520 Wau- watosa Ave., Wauwatosa, Wis. Wasmansdorff, Mrs. Otto F., 1896. (Mary Louise Carlton) 618 Corcoran St., Lewiston, Mont. 82 Phi Beta Kappa Waters, Elizabeth Agnes, 1885. Teacher. 57 Olcott St., Fond du Lae, Wis. Watkins, Albert, 1871. Historian, State Historical Society. 920 D St., Lincoln, Neb. Weinzirl, John, 1896. Associate professor of bacteriology, University of Washington. 4144 Tenth Ave. N. E., Seattle, Wash. Weld, Laura H., 1899. Merchant. Eiver Falls, Wis. Weller, Mrs. C. P., 1913. (Eugenia Winston) 6011 Harper Ave., Chicago. WeUs, Josephine Adelaide, 1903. (Mrs. W. T. Moseley) *Welton, Mrs. C. E., 1907. (Ruth Goe) 316 S. Bassett St., Madison, Wis. *Weniger, Willibald, 1905. Physicist. Nela Research Laboratory, Nela Park, Cleveland, Ohio. *Werner, Fred W., 1901. Teacher. 991 Sirteenth St., Milwaukee. West, Fannie E., 1875. (Mrs. Perry Williams) West, Helen, 1891. (Mrs. George A. Chamberlain) Westover, Calla P., 1896. (Mrs. Thomas Lloyd-Jones) Weter, James P., 1898. Lawyer. 1235 Twenty-third Ave. N., Seattle, Wash. Weter, Mrs. James P., 1899. (Helen M. Bush) Same address. Wheeloek, Harry Ellsworth, 1905. Merchant. 947 Riverside Drive, South Bend, Ind. Wheeloek, Lydia, 1908. (Mrs. William Campbell) *Whitaker, May Bell, 1912. (Mrs. E. Lansford Moore) Whitton, Frederick Harvey, 1889. ISHS Merchants' Exchange Bldg., San Francisco, Cal. Wilcox, Frances M., 1901. (Mrs. E. WilUamson) Died April 20, 1906. Williams, Caryl Eockwood, 1913. Teacher. 1510 King St., La Crosse, Wis. Home, Viroqua, Wis. Williams, Prank Ernest, 1910. Assistant professor of geology. Univer- sity of Wisconsin. 1205 W. Johnson St., Madison, Wis. Williams, Helen Agnes, 1914. Home, 117 FarweU Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Williams, Mrs. Perry, 1875. (Fannie E. West) Instructor and organist, Milwaxikee-Downer College. 117 FarweU Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. *WiUiains, Sidney James, 1908. Civil engineer. Wisconsin Industrial Com- mission, State Capitol, Madison. Williams, WUliam Holme, 1876. Professor emeritus of Semitics and Hellenistic Greek. 803 State St., Madison, Wis. Williams, Mrs. W. H., 1897. (Bertha L. Gardner) 218 Bayley Ave., Platteville, Wis. Williamson, Mrs. E., 1901. (Frances M. Wilcox) Died April 20, 1906. Williamson, Eobert C, 1912. Assistant in physics. University of Wiscon- sin. 1633 Monroe St., Madison, Wis. Wilson, George Smith, 1894. Secretary, Board of Charities. 7601 Geor- gia Ave., Washington, D. C. Wilson, Leta May, 1905. Teacher. 306 N. Lake St., Madison, Wis. Alpha op Wisconsin 83 Winchester, Edna, 1913. Blanchardville, Wis. Winston, Eugenia, 1890. (Mrs. C. F. WeUer) Winston, Mary Frances, 1889. (Mrs. H. B. Newson) Wise, Merton Barber, 1916. Home, Rothschild, Wis. Withington, Frances Eleanor, 1913. High school teacher, Wausau, Wis. Home, 422 Fourth Ave., Baraboo, Wis. *Witte, Edwin Emil, 1909. Graduate student, University of Wisconsin. 514 Lake St., Madison, Wis. Witter, Mrs. Eldon, 1908. (Adeline A. Breitkreutz) Oconto Falls, Wis. Wolcott, Edson Bay, 1900. Engineer, Western Precipitation Co., 232 N. Carandelet St., Los Angeles, Cal. Wolcott, John Dorsey, 1895. Librarian, U. S. Bureau of Education. Washington, D. C. Wolf, Helen Margaret, 1911^ Teacher. 11 E. Dayton St., Madison, Wis. Wolfenson, Louis Bernard, 1901. Assistant professor of Semitics and Hellenistic Greek, University of Wisconsin. Wood, Euth Kebecca, 1914. Teacher, Hudson, Wis. Home, 829 Sixth Ave., Helena, Mont. Works, George Alan, 1904. Teacher. 501 Dryden Ed., Ithaca, N. Y. Worthing, Archie Garfield, 1904. Physicist in Nela Eeseareh Laboratory, Nela Park, Cleveland, Ohio. Wrabetz, Voyta, 1903. Attorney. 2254 Monroe St., Madison, Wis. Wrigley, Eoy Fielding, 1914. Harvard Law School. Home, Albion, Ind. Wurdemann, Helen Louise, 1915. 2361 Thompson St., Los Angeles, Cal. Wyman, Ella Marie, 1909. (Mrs. E. K. Brewer) Wyseman, Arthur Joseph, 1901. Manitowoc, Wis. Yeager, Susan Amelia, 1916. Home, Darlington, Wis. *Yewdale, Ealph Bailey, 1914. Fellow in history, Princeton University. 51 Graduate College, Princeton, N. J. Young, Caroline Morris, 1894. Teacher. 103 E. Wilson St., Madison. Young, Vive Hall, 1913. Assistant professor of botany, Iowa State Uni- versity. Home, Whitewater, Wis. *ZUlmer, Aimee, 1911. High school teacher. Home, 706 Sixteenth St., Milwaukee, Wis. *Zillmer, Helen Jane, 1916. Same address. *Zinn, Edna Bertha, 1904. East Troy, Wis. *Zinns, Eoland W., 1903. Teacher. 2418 Chestnut St., Milwaukee, Wis. LIST OF DECEASED MEMBERS Asaovsky, Abraham, 1916 Allen, Philip Loring, 1899 Barney, Jessie Alice, 1901. (Mrs. Henry L. Trott) Beule, Arthur Franz, 1901 Drinker, Emma, 1881 (Mrs. F. W. Stearns) 84 Phi Beta Kappa Favill, Henry Baird, 1880 Goodwin, Henry Decker, 1880 Griffith, Jessie, 1893. (Mrs. George D. Katz) Hand, Elbert Osborne, 1859 Kiekhoefer, Viola Meta, 1916 Loeb, Joseph, 1900 McClernan, Thomas Joseph, 1907 Noyes, George Henry, 1873 Olbrieh, Emil, 1905 Pengra, Charlotte, 1887. (Mrs. A. E. Crathome) Phelps, Arthur Warren, 1890 Salisbury, Jerome Henry, 1874 Schram, Peter Henry, 1906 Seller, Livia, 1900 Swain, Katherine, 1900 Walsii, Agnes Louise, 1905 Wilcox, Prances M., 1901. (Mrs. Eiehard Williamson) LIST OF MEMBERS BY CLASSES Note — As in the alphabetical list, an asterisk indicates junior election. 1859 Fallows, Samuel 1860 Parkinson, John Barber 1861 Ball, Farlin Q. 1864 Spooner, John Coit 1865 Vilas, Charles H. 1867 Fairchild, Mary (Mrs. LeGrand Rockwell) 1868 Vroman, Charles Edward 1870 Gregory, Stephen Strong Jones, Burr W. 1871 Cole, Theodore Lee Gregory, Charles Noble Eaynier, George W. Watkins, Albert 1872 Hoyt, Henry Warrington Merrill, George F. Montgomery, Carroll Sinclair 1873 Bashford, James Whitf ord Frawley, Michael Stephen 1874 Bright, Alfred Harris Brown, Webster Everett Bunn, Charles Wilson Conover, Allan D. Field, Jane M. (Mrs. James Bashford) W. 1875 Clough, Willoughby Goewey Dewey, Kate (Mrs. T. L. Cole) Harding, Charles Ford Meyer, Juliet D. (Mrs. Webster E. Brown) West, Fannie (Mrs. Perry Wil- liams) Alpha of Wisconsin 85 1876 Clark, Elizabeth S. (Mrs. X. J. Fisher) Haskell, Agnes (Mrs. George H. Noyes) Street, Helen Dougal Williams, William Holme 1877 Carpenter, Carrie B. (Mrs. C. B. Banning) Hover, Hattie (Mrs. Charles F. Harding) Morris, Howard 1878 Buell, Charles Edwin Conover, Frederick K. Corson, William A. Frisby, Almah J. Hatch, Helen L. (Mrs. I. W. Bur- hans) 1879 Bascom, Jean Case, Belle (Mrs. Robert M. La Follette) Conway, John G. Dodge, Flora Elizabeth (Mrs. War- ren H. Freeman) Knapp, Kemper K. LaFoUette, Robert Marion Sterling, Susan Adelaide Van Hise, Charles Richard 1880 Dean, Maria Morrison Dodson, John Milton 1881 Clark, Julia K. (Mrs. J. W. Hallam) Gattiger, Emma Johnson, Julia (Mrs. William Tre- lease) Kerr, Charles H. Smith, Howard Leslie 1882 Esch, John Jacob Gay, Lucy Maria Jones, Granville Duane Powers, Harry Huntington Simpson, David Ferguson 1883 Hoskins, Leander Miller Sarles, Josephine (Mrs. DaTid F. Simpson) 1884 Clark, Sarah (Mrs. C. W. Cabeen) Ochsner, Albert J. Olson, Julius Emil Trottman, James Franklin Turner, Frederick Jackson TJpdegraff, Milton Vinje, Aad John 1885 Brigham, Charles Ilsley Clark, Grace (Mrs. Frederick K. Conover) Erdall, John L. Moseley, Anna Burr Pitman, Bertha S. (Mrs. F. C. Sharp) Schuster, Rose (Mrs. H. J. Taylor) Waters, Elizabeth Agnes 1886 Bristol, Elsey L. Griswold, Florence (Mrs. G. A. Buekstaff) Pease, Lynn Spenser 1887 Allen, Katharine Hallam, Oscar Hand, Imogene (Mrs. C. R. Car- penter) Teuney, Mary (Mrs. William Healy) 1888 Cowdery, Kirke Lionel Johnson, Emery Richard Kremers, Edward McMynn, Louise (Mrs. Howard Greene) Reid, Alexander Hamilton Russell, Harry Luman 86 Phi Beta Kappa 1889 Baker, Lillian Dale (Mrs. Ernest N. Warner) Flesh, Sarah Belle (Mrs. E. J. Johnson) Griswold, Ada E. Kerr, James Bremer Powers, Joseph Horace Eobinson, Florence Porter Whitton, Frederick Harvey Winston, Mary F. (Mrs. H. B. Newson) 1890 Bruce, Andrew Alexander Cairns, William B. Smith, Walter McMynn Swansen, Samuel T. Townley, Sidney Dean True, Eodney Howard Winston, Eugenia (Mrs. C. F. Wil- cox) 1891 Baker, Florence Elizabeth (Mrs. J. A. Hays) Cady, Jean Hayes Dennis, Warren Arthur Hotton, John Sidney Janeck, Marion T. (Mrs. A. W. Bichter) McNair, Fred Walter Oohsner, Edward H. Perkins, Nell (Mrs. Allen Dawson) Sanf ord, Albert Hart Veerhusen, Elsbeth (Mrs. John L. Kind) West, Helen (Mrs. George A. Chamberlain) 1892 Dudley, William Henry Hooper, Junius Thomas Kahlenberg, Louis Marshall, Euth Mayhew, Lester Cooper Nelson, John Maudt Pyre, James Francis Augustin Reinseh, Paul Samuel Sehlicher, John J. 1893 Heald, Lillian (Mrs. Louis Kahlen- berg) Huenkemier, Jennie A. (Mrs. J. A. Aylward) Johnson, Amanda Katz, George Henry MiUard, Carlotta M. (Mrs. Alson I. Smith) Myers, Louis Westcott Parlin, Charles Coolidge Post, Katherine Demarest Ealph, Agnes Clarissa Rogers, Charles B. Sabin, Kate (Mrs. E. Kay Stevens) Slouaker, James RoUin Stevens, Edmund Bay 1894 Barnes, Flora (Mrs. William G. Caskey) Carlton, Edward Perkins Enteman, Minnie (Mrs. W. E. Key) Heald, Frederick DeForest Hopkins, Grace Louise (Mrs. H. L. Kellogg) Meyer, Balthasar H. Schafer, Joseph Sehlundt, Herman Se;s'mour, Arthur Romeyn Wilson, George Smith Young, Caroline Morris 1895 Armstrong, Mary G. Baker, Helen (Mrs. Samuel H. Cady) Bassett, Agues Stone Bolton, Herbert Eugene Bunting, Alice Isabella Ford, Guy Stanton Harder, Herman P. Kimball, Edna G. Schaper, William A. Simons, Algie M. Alpha of Wisconsin 87 Tillotson, Koy D. Wolcott, John Dorsey 1898 Bleyer, Willard Grosvenor Bunting, Charles Henry Carlton, Mary L. (Mrs. Otto F. WasmansdorfE) Grosvenor, Thomas Howard McNab, Joseph Lowe Mueller, Olga (Mrs. Alfred G. Eddy) Ochsner, Benjamin J. Sawyer, Hiram Arthur Showerman, Grant Tallman, William Duane Weinzirl, John Westover, Calla P. (Mrs. Thomas Lloyd- Jones) 1897 Brazeau, Theodore Walter Cheney, Eosa Mabel Cochems, Henry Frederick Fairchild, Arthur Wilson Gardner, Bertha (Mrs. W. H. Williams) Leith, Charles Kenneth Lockney, Henry McLenegan, Annie Susan Nash, Guy Nash, Nellie Irene (Mrs. W. A. Seott) Pitman, Annie Maria Sehreiner, Oswald Smith, Edna (Mrs. W. S. Mc Corkle) 1898 Cairns, Gertrude Maud Da^-ies, Joseph Edward Davis, David John Griffin, Hattie Josephine Harvey, Eiehard Guille Kronshage, Ernst Hildebrand MoNair, Grace Elizabeth Mason, Max Jfeyer, Arthur William Norsman, Anna (Mrs. George 8. Love) Shapiro, Eebeeca (Mrs. Eiehard J. Strauss) Weter, James P. 1899 Allen, Charles Elmer Allen, Philip Loring Andrews, Helen Grace Anthony, Anna Gertrude Bush, Helen M. (Mrs. James P. Weter) Calkins, Ernest Eugene Case, Lillian E. Gale, Gladys (Mrs. C. W. Loekart) Hanchett, Euth M. (Mrs. E. A. Schmidt) Hinkley, Lucretia F. (Mrs. John W. McMillan) Keech, Elizabeth M. (Mrs. Paul V. Bacon) Kies, William Samuel Persons, Warren Milton Eice, Ole Salter Eobertson, '\^'illiam Spence Euediger, William Carl Shaw, Joseph Lawrence Sieker, William C. Stillman Gertrude (Mrs. J. B. San- born) Vilas, Charles Atwood Weld, Laura H. 1900 *Albreclit, Sebastian 'Alien, Florence Eliza *Anderson, Andrew Eunni Barber, Winchel F. Castle, Mildred Alice *Fries, Mary B. (Mrs. A. E. Sey- mour) Hall, Eoy D. Hibbard, Carlisle V. *Hook, Edward A. King, Bessie S. (Mrs. H. H. Maurer) 88 Phi Beta Kappa *Loeb, Joseph *Lowell, Susie E. (Mrs. Carlisle V. Hibbard) McClernan, Marie Macnish, Ealph B. Niven, John M. Saby, T. Sever Seller, Livia * Swain, Katherine E. Van Horn, Frederick Milo Washburn, Robert Glendenning Woleott, Edson Bay 1901 *Barney, Jessie A. (Mrs. Henry L. Trott) *Beule, Arthur Boehm, Paul W. L. Bostwick, Harriet M. (Mrs. S. B. Eehlin) •Bradley, Henry Ernst Ernst, Adolphine B. *Evans, Caroline W. (Mrs. W. V. Jannsen) Holt, Robert Benton Hurlbut, Stephen A. Jamieson, William H. Kelsey, Rachel Marjorie McLean, Marion (Mrs. Guy Walter Crane) *Meinhardt, Leonore (Mrs. E. H. Van Cleve) Meyer, Ernst Christopher *Plumb, Ralph Gordon Rogers, George A. Schule, Frederick W., Jr. Wilcox, Frances M. (Mrs. Richard Williamson) *Werner, Fred W. Wolfenson, Louis Bernard Wyseman, Arthur J. 1902 *Eallard, Bernice (Mrs. B. H. Bode) Bascom, Lelia Brindley, John Edwin Curtis, Arthur Hale Davis, Robert Moses Eiche, Adela *Elliott, Ida (Mrs. Eric W. Allen) Haight, Robert Wilber Huebner, Solomon S. Janes, Henry Lorenzo Jones, Chester Lloyd- *King, Anna B. (Mrs. L. D. Lead- better) Merrill, Agnes Olbrich, Michael Balthasar "Paetow, Louis John *Pesta, Rose Alice Pickford, Merle Sears (Mrs. J. D. R. Stevens) Scholz, Richard Frederick Smith, Warren DuPr6 ■'"Stolte, Freda (Mrs. George Vinson) *Vinson, George B. 1903 *Bishop, Jean Frank Brayton, Francis Elizabeth Challoner, George (Mrs. Lyndon H. Tracy) 'Clough, Paul Wiswall Dessaint, Edna Disque, Robert Conrad *Eggers, Harold Everett *Foelske, Henry Edward Puller, Stuart Jamieson Gesell, Arnold Lucius *Heuer, George Julius Hockett, Homer C. Jaeek, Emma Gertrude Marquette, William George Pickford, Theo Beatrice (Mrs. Ray S. Owen) Schule, Paul Adolph *Smith, Phebe Maud Tioknor, Elizabeth GoSe (Mrs. C. C. Crawford) Wrabetz, Voyta Wells, Josephine Adelaide (Mrs. W. T. Moseley) *Zinns, Roland W. Alpha of Wisconsin 89 1904 Beatty, Carlotta MeCutcheon (Mrs. Arthur Beatty) *Blake, James Bronson Buck, Solon Justus Burdick, Lawrence Wylie *Case, Lucie Nell Cooper, Elva (Mrs. C. Edward Magnusson) Derge, Herman Ferdinand *Evans, Magdalen (Mrs. Chancey Juday) Hall, Katharine James, Frances Sophia Courtenay LaFollette, Fola (Mrs. George Middleton) * Manchester, Frederick Alexander Mashek, Anna Magdalene *Marquette, George John *Marquissee, Victor Grant Rider, Melinda Catherine Sands, Mary Christena (Mrs. William G. Marquette) Sargent, Frank Byron Works, George Alan Worthing, Archie Garfield *Zinn, Edna Bertha 1905 Allen, Daisy May (Mrs. P. K. Green way) *Allen, Euth Florence *Barnard, Elizabeth *Bartlett, Edwin Ball *Coffin, Margaret Ellen (Mrs. George W. Langley, Jr.) Colburn, Willis Paul Crawford, David Anderson Harder, Edmund Cecil *Helmholtz, Anna Augusta (Mrs. Baymond V. Phelan) Huebner, Grover Gerhard *Katz, Frank James Lamfrom, Leon Benedict Larsen, Karen Loeb, Joseph Olbrich, Emil Eathjen, Edwin Frederick Wagner, Eose May (Mrs. J. F. Bruins) Walsh, Agnes Louise 'Weniger, Willibald Wheelock, Harry Ellsworth Wilson, Leta May 1906 Baker, John Earl Becker, Max Albert 'Crissey, Merrill Henry DeLacy, John Byron Fay, Martha Marion (Mrs. L. G. McConachie) *Grant, Kate Goldie (Mrs. E. Eay Henika) Johnson, Ida Petrine *Kadish, Victor Hugo Karges, Rudolph Andrew Knowlton, Philip Arnold Otto, Max Charles Reid, Alice Jane Roberts, Alexander Crippen *Ryan, Marion Eva *Schram, Peter Henry Skinrood, Carle Oscar Starke, Meta Eleanor (Mrs. Robert J. Kieckhefer) *Taylor, Lily Eoss Thwaites, Fredrik Turville Van Velzer, Marion (Mrs. Lan- caster D. Burling) 1907 Aldrich, Loyal Blaine Corstvet, Anna Alice Crosby, May Lillian *Fay, Helen Armine (Mrs. Paul B. Johnson) Fox, Elizabeth Gordon *Goe, Euth (Mrs. C. R. Welton) *Grey, Ernest George *Hacker, Emil Frederic H'Doubler, Prank Todd Hitchcock, Raymond Eoyce 90 Phi Beta Kappa Kostalek, John Anton McClernan, Thomas Joseph •Minn, Elsie Marcellite (Mrs. Wil- liam E. Fischer) Purin, Charles Maltador Schneider, Francis Lee *Schubring, Selma Langenhan (Mrs. E. J. B.) Secrist, Horace Seilstad, Edna Theodora Thompson, Grace Vaughan, James Patrick •Washburn, Martha Lucile •Williams, Sidney James 1908 Averill, George Baxter, Jr. Breitkreutz, Adeline Albertine (Mrs. Eldon Witter) •Brindley, Elbert Edwin Canan, Cuba Quincy •DeSautelle, William Thomas •Dohmen, Fred W. Flint, Helen (Mrs. E. D. Wallace) Gruhl, Edwin Frederick •Kiistermann, Walter WoUeben Leiserson, William Morris •Pope, Eosa Mathilde Eobinson, Edgar Eugene •Eoehl, Julius Otto EoUer, Julianne Anna Sexton, Walter Gresham •Sieb, Zettie Ethel (Mrs. Judd M. Schaad) Stroud, Bay Morris Van Slyke, Euth Corbett (Mrs. S. L. Livingston) Wahl, Harry Eoswell Wheelock, Lydia (Mrs. William Campbell) 1909 •Birge, Eaymond Thayer Black, John Donald Burnham, Dorothy Marie (Mrs. James Thompson) Cronin, Clara Margaret (Mrs. P. C. Merrill) Gilkey, Edna Annie •Haman, Jennie Emilie (Mrs. C. Harold Eshbaugh) Herriok, Alfred James Lewis, Eva Grace (Mrs. Frank Eranich) •Lewis, Bead •Lochner, Louis Paul •Newcomer, Harry Sidney •Pomeroy, Lilla Mary (Mrs. Lau- rence E. Cochran) Price, Beulah May Eossberg-Leipnitz, Johanna (Mrs. B. Q. Morgan) Shibata, Genkwan Stout, Arlow Burdette Tarrell, Arch LeEoy ^ — Van Auken, Clarice Van Hise, Mary Janet Von Kaltenborn, Walter George •Witte, Edwin Emil Wyman, Ella Mary (Mrs. E. K. Brewer) 1910 •Anthony, Angela Josephine (Mrs. F. C. Liefert) Corbett, Elizabeth F. Doe, Ethelyn Anna -(Mrs. E. B. Michell) Eller, William Henri •Hanchett, David Scott Hoyt, Ealph Melvin •Hutchison, Helen (Mrs. Thomas M. Kearney) Johnson, Agnes Learned (Mrs. H. F. Eingo) Kleckner, Bertha (Mrs. N. C. Phillips) Lentzner, Florence (Mrs. A. C. Sladky) * Pomeroy, Mabel Frances Eeid, Mary Elizabeth Alpha of Wisconsin 91 Ruedebusch, Frances L. Buedebuseh, Gretehen (Mrs. E. T. Erickson) Shatto, Edith May (Mrs. F. A. King) * Springer, Benjamin Franklin *Swanson, Ada Elizabeth (Mrs. Carl N.Hill) *Tolg, Clarence Charles Treleven, John Edward Williams, Frank Ernest 1911 Andressohn, John 0. Case, Lucy (Mrs. E. B. Gowin) Cleary, George E. Dake, Charles Laurence Fox, Leonard P. Graham, Mae Lillian Haddow, Lovina Lucile Haessler, Carl H. *Head, Margaret L. (Mrs. Walther Buchen) *Lehmann, Sarah Katherine McClure, Martha (Mrs. Hugh Allen) *Merk, Frederick *Mielenz, Nora May Paine, EflSe Clarissa Quigley, William J. *Schoenleber, Gretehen B. Schwenker, Calvin Floyd Sexton, Charles Eichard Wolf, Helen Margaret *Zillmer, Aimee 1912 Anthony, Marie A. (Mrs. David J. Flanagan) Ballard, Eoger K. Bell, Rae Floyd Breitkreutz, Elsa Helen Buss, Flora E. Cunningham, Roger George Daley Frank A. * Davis, Agnes (Mrs. Moulton B. Goff) Davis, James E. *Dickinson, Ray Levi Evans, Russell Argyle Farnham, Willard Edward Farquhar, Alice M. Prawley, Honora Margaret Haass, Lily K. Hoyt, Amy Glorane (Mrs. J. W. Smith) Hubbard, Joseph Bradley Johnson, Laura Butler Lenroot, Katharine F. Luethe, Walter Jacob Perry, Clara H. *Pierson, Merle *Piper, Raymond Frank Reyer, Edward Gerald Schultz, Augusta Frederica * Taylor, Archibald Roger Williamson, Robert C. *Whitaker, May Bell (Mrs. Lansford Moore) 1913 Arnold, Leah Buell, Pauline Merry Carman, Ruth Conaway, Ross Kelley •Dallwig, Lydia E. (Mrs. Friedrich Bruns) Dickerson, Agnes Woodworth *Eberle, Margaret (Mrs. Richard Rosencranz) Flower, Marie Rosamond *Foulkes, Marie Nuzum Oilman, Laura Leonard Harlin, Wilbur Albert Hinman, George Wheeler, Jr. Johnson, Aimee Louise Johnson, Charles LeSelle Jones, Ella Bessie Koehsel, Minnie C. Larsen, Arthur William Larson, Veda Belva Morrissey, Katherine Naber, Delia 92 Phi Beta Kappa Meholls, Mary Mohr *Pease, Mary Ennever (Mrs. E. H. Washburne) Pence, Kellie Ada Eeid, Maude (Mrs. C. W. Tomlin- son) Keis, Alvin Carl *Ryan, Mary Agnes *Sainp, Edward Joseph Seward, Leila Huntington Shea, Edmund Burke Sliehter, Sumner Huber Snyder, Myrtle Elizabeth *Swarthout, Edyth Claire *Tomlinson, Charles Weldon Williams, Caryl Eockwood Winchester, Edna Withington, Frances Eleanor Young, "Vive H. 1914 Altmeyer, Arthur Joseph Brundage, Dean Kennedy *Buell, Mary Van Eensselaer Cleary, George Edward Coerper, Florence Maud Congdon, Feme Lina *Dallwig, Herbert Carl Dorman, Florence Foley, Katherine Ellen Fries, Gyneth Theo (Mrs. James T. Eoach) Gedney, Mary Anderson Gelatt, Arthur Alvin Haake, Alfred Paul Hallam, Arthur Wood Hamilton, Bertha Malvida HolHster, Clarence Allan *Jones, Charles William Jones, Howard Mumford *Kearney, Jeannette S. Leary, Mary Cecil McCarthy, Alice Lillian McGilvary, Margaret Cornelia Merkel, Harold Leland Pfeiffer, Charles Albert *Kice, Euth Catherine Eunge, Balf Thiele Schmidt, Ella Dorothea Schwab, Mabel Lloyd Seymour, Helen Sheets, Marjorie Naomi Smith, Daniel Du Pre Smith, Mrs. Pearl Mobry Stevens, Eva Emily Towne, Laura *Townsend, Eugene Herbert Trottman, Nelson Smith Wangard, Emily Clara Williams, Helen Agnes Wood, Euth Eebeoca Wrigley, Eoy Fielding *Yewdale, Ralph Bailey 1915 Baldwin, Merle Mary Bauer, William Waldo Bemis, Mary Scoville Bitner, Alice Ladd Breidablik, Ellida Julia Burdick, Marjorie Burke, John Edward Caldwell, Dorothy Alden Cams, Marie Louise Carter, Eussel John *Conover, Frederic LeEoy Corbett, Gertrude Marion Curry, Margaret McCune Dana, Dorothy Brockway DeGaris, Charles Francis Edsall, Winifred *FaviUe, Katherine Ellen Floden, Tuve John Gilbert, Max G. Gray, Nancy Anna Hunt, Eichard Nash *Jaokson, Eaymond Thomas *Juergens, Hubert Frederick *Kremers, Roland Edward *Landau, Lloyd Harold Leonard, Sylvia Lowenthal, Marvin Marx Alpha of Wisconsin 93 Marter, Herbert Lambert *McKittrick, Leland Sterling *Miller, Dora May (Mra. C. M. Osterheld) Moore, Anna Eoseline Moore, Roger Emmett Moses, Edward Walter Munro, Jeannette *Pence, Helen Charlotte *Eettger, "Winifred Russell (Mrs. Harmon Lewis) Roth, William Edward Saleski, Felicitas Anna Treakle, Helen Edna Wurdemann, Helen Louise 1916 Barnbrock, Henry, Jr. Benedict, Harry Ellis Bosworth, Lloyd Athel Boyle, Ruth Murrin Briee, Elizabeth Burroughs, LeBoy Stanton *Chiokering, Alfred Dorance Clarke, Lyle C. Comstock, Mary Cecelia Everett *Conover, Marion Clarke Edwards, Ann Elizabeth Euler, Arthur Philip Fiske, Seymour Fleming, Florence Grant, Robert L. Gullander, Magnhilde Alvira Hemenway, Mary Higgins, Irene Kerr, Harold Dabney •Lewis, Dorothy Merrill, Henry Baldwin •Mills, Laura Roe Mock, Marguerite Mueller, Amy Fredricka Narr, Edward Richard *0'Shea, Harriet Eastabrooka Peterson, LeRoy PhOipp, Ernest Joseph Pleuss, Anita Valentine *Sevringhaus, Elmer Louis Skavlem, Jolin Harvey Stewart, Katherine Bernice Taylor, Joseph Vincent Van Dyke, Margaret Patterson Wahl, Margaret Lydia Wise, Merton Barber Yeager, Susan Amelia *Zillmer, Helen Jane 1917 'Andrews, Joy Ella 'Baldwin, George Smith *Burwell, Marjorie *Conover, Julian Darst *Eddy, Elizabeth McKee *Hoppert, Arno Henry *March, James Herbert *Moehlmann, Lillian Susan *Reichert, John Lester *Eichdorf, Lawrence Francis, Jr. *Smith, Maxwell Austen *Taylor, Paul Schuster LIST OF MEMBERS BY STATES (Note. — For the following persons the secretary of the chapter has no address.) Case, Lillian Effie, 1899 Johnson, Charles Laselle, 1913 Quigley, William J., 1911 Rathjen, Edwin Frederick, 1905 Rogers, George Arthur, 1901 Alabama Dana, Dorothy Broekway, 1915 Sexton, Charles Richard, 1911 Arizona Bitner, Alice Ladd, 1915 94 Phi Beta Kappa Arkansas Eddy, Elizabeth MeKee, 1917 California Anthony, Anna Gertrude, 1899 Armstrong, Mary, 1895 Baker, John Earl, 1906 Bemi8, Mary Seoville, 1915 Bolton, Herbert Eugene, 1895 Clark, Elizabeth S., 1876 (Mrs. J. J. Fisher) Hoskins, Leander Miller, 1883 McNair, Grace Elizabeth, 1898 Mjeinhardt, Leonore, 1901 (Mrs. K. H. Van Cleve) Meyer, Arthur William, 1898 Myers, Louis Wescott, 1893 Paetow, Louis John, 1902 Kalph, Agnes Clarissa, 1893 Eaymer, George W., 1871 Eobinson, Edgar Eugene, 1908 Scholz, Richard Frederick, 1902 Slonaker, James KoUin, 1893 Townley, Sidney Dean, 1890 WMtton, Frederick Harvey, 1889 Wolcott, Edson Bay, 1900 Wurdemann, Helen Louise, 1915 Colorado Dessaint, Edna, 1903 Ochsner, Benjamin J., 1896 Johnson, Aimee Louise, 1913 Persons, Warren Milton, 1899 Connecticut G«sell, Arnold Lucius, 1903 Foreign Countries Albrecht, Sebastian, 1900 — Argen- tina Bashford, James Whitford, 1873— China Bristol, Elsey L., 1886 — Turkey Field, Jane M., 1874 (Mrs. James W. Bashford)— China Haass, Lily K., 1912 — China McGUvary, Margaret, 1914 — Syria Eeinsch, Paul Samuel, 1892 — China Van Velzer, Marion, 1906 (Mrs. Lancaster D. Burling — Can. Idaho Kostalek, John Anton, 1907 Illinois Ball, Farlin Q., 1861 Ballard, Bemice, 1902 (Mrs. B. H. Bode) Ballard, Roger K., 1912 Canan, Cuba Quincy, 1908 Carman, Ruth, 1913 Challoner, George, 1903 (Mrs. L. H. Tracy) Clark, Julia, 1881 (Mrs. J. W. Hallam) Corstvet, Anna Alice, 1907 Crawford, David Anderson, 1905 Curtis, Arthur Hale, 1902 Davis, David John, 1898 Dodson, John Milton, 1880 Dodge, Flora Elizabeth, 1879 (Mrs. Warren H. Freeman) Dorman, Florence, 1914 Evans, Caroline W., 1901 (Mrs. W. V. Jannsen) Fallows, Samuel, 1859 Parquhar, Alice Milne, 1912 Floden, Tuve John, 1915 Flies, Mary B., 1900 (Mrs. A. E. Se^^nour) Gedney, Mary Anderson, 1914 Grant, Robert Lexon, 1916 Gregory, Stephen Strong, 1870 Haessler, Carl, 1911 Haman, Jennie E., 1909 (Mrs. C. Harold Eshbaugh Harder, Herman P., 1897 Harding, Charles Ford, 1875 Head, Margaret Louise, 1911 (Mrs. Walther Buchen) Hinman, George Wheeler, Jr., 1913 Hotton, John Sidney, 1891 Hover, Hattie, 1877 (Mrs. Charles F. Harding) Alpha op Wisconsin 95 Jamieson, William Henry, 1901 Johnson, Amanda, 1893 Johnson, Julia, 1881 (Mrs. William Trelease) Jones, Charles William, 1914 Kerr, Charles H., 1881 Kleekner, Bertha, 1910 (Mrs. N. C. Phillips) Knapp, Kemper K., 1879 Lochner, Louis Paul, 1909 Loeb, Max, 1905 McCarthy, Alice Lillian, 1914 McNab, Joseph Lowe, 1896 Macnish, Ealph B., 1900 Marter, Herbert Lambert, 1915 Ochsner, Albert J., 1884 Ochsner, Edward H., 1891 Pence, Helen Charlotte, 1915 Pesta, Rose Alice, 1902 Robertson, William Spence, 1899 Ruedebusch, Gretchen, 1910 (Mrs. E. T. Erickaon) Secrist, Horace, 1907 Seymour, Arthur Eomeyn, 1894 Seymour, Helen, 1914 Shaw, Joseph Lawrence, 1899 Simons, Algie M., 1895 Stevens, Eva Emily, 1914 Street, Helen Dougal, 1876 Tenney, Mary, 1887 (Mrs. William Healy) Tomlinson, Charles Weldon, 1913 Vilas, Charles Atwood, 1899 Vroman, Charles Edward, 1868 Wheelock, Lydia, 1908 (Mrs. William Campbell) Whitaker, May Bell, 1912 (Mrs. E. Lansford Moore) Winston, Eugenia, 1913 (Mrs. C. F. Weller) Curry, Margaret McCune, 1915 Eberle, Margaret, 1913 (Mrs. Richard Rosencrauz) Harlin, Wilbur Albert, 1913 Kremers, Roland Edward, 1915 Leonard, Sylvia, 1915 Lewis, Dorothy, 1916 Rettger, Winifred Gard, 1915 (Mrs. Harmon Lewis) Schlicher, John J., 1892 Sevringhaus, Elmer Louis, 1916 Thompson, Grace, 1907 Van Auken, Clarice, 1909 Wheelock, Harry Ellsworth, 1905 Wrigley, Roy Fielding, 1914 Iowa Brindley, John Edwin, 1902 Evans, Russell Argyle, 1912 Foley, Katheriue Ellen, 1914 Rider, Melinda Katheriue, 1904 Schuster, Rose, 1885 (Mrs. H. J. Taylor) Taylor, Paul Schuster, 1917 Young, Vive Hall, 1913 Kansas Larsen, Arthur William, 1913 Ticknor, Elizabeth Goffe, 1903 (Mrs. C. C. Crawford) Winston, Mary F., 1889 (Mrs. H. B. Newson) Louisiana King, Bessie S., 1900 (Mrs. H. H. Maurer) Maine McClure, Martha, 1911 (Mrs. Hugh Allen) Shatto, Edith, 1910 (Mrs. F. A. King) Indiana Maktland CaldweU, Dorothy Alden, 1915 Clough, Paul W., 1903 Carpenter, Carrie B. (Mrs. E. P. Heuer, George Julius, 1903 Banning) Kerr, Harold Dabney, 1916 96 Phi Beta Kappa Massachusetts Allen, Ruth Florence, 1905 Bascom, Jean, 1879 Dallwig, Herbert Carl, 1914 Farnham, Willard Edward, 1912 Grey, Ernest George, 1907 H'Doubler, Frank Todd, 1907 Hubbard, Joseph Bradley, 1912 Keech, Elizabeth, 1899 (Mrs. Paul V. Bacon) Peterson, Marius Smith, 1910 Piper, Eaymond Frank, 1912 Powers, Harry Huntington, 1882 Reis, Alvin Carl, 1913 Sargent, Frank Byron, 1904 Turner, Frederick Jackson, 1884 Michigan Burdiok, Marjorie, 1915 Hoyt, Henry Warrington, 1872 Kiistermann, Walter Wolleben, 1908 McNair, Fred Walter, 1891 Schneider, Francis Lee, 1907 Minnesota Anthony, Marie A., 1912 (Mrs. David J. Flanagan) Bright, Alfred Harris, 1874 Buck, Solon Justus, 1904 Bunn, Charles Wilson, 1874 Cronin, Clara, 1909 (Mrs. Pomeroy C. Merrill) Dennis, Warren Arthur, 1891 Erdall, John L., 1885 Ford, Guy Stanton, 1895 Hallam, Arthur Wood, 1914 Hallam, Oscar, 1887 Harder, Edmund Cecil, 1905 Helmholtz, Anna Agusta, 1905 (Mrs. Raymond Phelan) James, Francis Sophia Courtenay, 1904 Merrill, Agnes, 1902 Merrill, Henry Baldwin, 1916 Post, Katharine Demarest, 1893 Sarles, Josephine, 1883 (Mrs. David F. Simpson) Schaper, William A., 1895 Simpson, David F., 1882 Tolg, Clarence, 1910 Vaughan, James Patrick, 1907 Missouri Dake, Charles Laurence, 1911 Hacker, Emil Frederic, 1907 Morrissy, Katherine Webster, 1913 Moses, Edwin Walter, 1915 Schlundt, Herman, 1894 Taylor, Archibald Roger, 1912 Montana Allen, Daisy May, 1915 (Mrs. Philip K. Greenway) Bishop, Jean Prank, 1903 Carlton, Mary Louise, 1896 (Mrs. Otto F. Wasmansdorfe) Cleary, George Edward, 1914 Dean, Maria Morrison, 1880 Dickerson, Agnes "Woodworth, 1913 Haddow, Lovina Lucile, 1911 Janeck, Marion Thomasine, 1891 (Mrs. A. W. Richter) Marquette, George John, 1904 Tallman, William Duane, 1896 Wood, Ruth Rebecca, 1914 ISTebkaska Corson, William A., 1878 Eggers, Harold Everett, 1903 Montgomery, Carroll Sinclair, 1872 Powers, Joseph Horace, 1889 Watkins, Albert, 1871 New Jersey Fox, Leonard P., 1911 Hall, Roy Dykes, 1900 Munro, Jeannette, 1915 Perry, Clara Harmon, 1912 Taylor, Joseph Vincent, 1918 Yewdale, Ralph Bailey, 1914 New Mexico Hemenway, Mary, 1916 Alpha op Wisconsin 97 New York Birge, Raymond Thayer, 1909 Bosworth, Lloyd Athel, 1916 Buraham, Dorothy Marie, 1909 (Mrs. James Thompson) Case, Lucy A., 1911 (Mrs. E. B. Go win) Clark, Sarah, 1884 (Mrs. C. W. Cabeen) Fay, Martha, 1905 (Mrs. L. G. Mc- Conaehie) Flesh, Sarah Belle, 1889 (Mrs. E. J. Johnson) Gilbert, Max, 1915 Gruhl, Edwin Frederick, 1908 Hibbard, Carlisle V., 1900 Hook, Edward Alfred, 1900 Hurlbut, Stephen A., 1901 Janes, Henry Lorenzo, 1902 Juergens, Hubert Frederick, 1915 Kies, William Samuel, 1899 La FoUette, Fola, 1904 (Mrs. George Middleton) Lewis, Read, 1909 Lowell, Sue, 1900 (Mrs. Carlisle V. Hibbard) Marquette, William George, 1903 Meyer, Ernst Christopher, 1901 Mills, Laura Roe, 1916 Perkins, Nell, 1891 (Mrs. Allen Dawson) Runge, Ralf Thiele, 1914 Sands, Mary Christena, 1904 (Mrs. W. G. Marquette) Schultz, Augusta Frederica, 1912 Spooner, John Coit, 1864 Stout, Arlow Burdette, 1909 Taylor, Lily Ross, 1906 Washburn, Martha LucUe, 1907 Works, George Alan, 1904 Wyman, Ella, 1909 (Mrs. R. K. Brewer) North Dakota Boehm, Paul Waldemar Leopold, 1901 Bruce, Andrew Alexander, 1890 Hitchcock, RajTnond Royce, 1907 Johnson, Ida Petrine, 1906 Wells, Josephine, 1903 (Mrs. W. T. Moseley) Ohio Baldwin, George Smith, 1917 Barnes, Flora, 1894 (Mrs. W. Q. Caskey) Boyle, Ruth Murrin, 1916 Brice, Elizabeth, 1916 Carter, Russell John, 1915 Conaway, Ross KeUey, 1913 Cowdery, Kirke Lionel, 1888 Hockett, Homer C, 1903 Jaeck, Emma Gertrude, 1903 Loiserson, William Morris, 1908 March, James Herbert, 1917 Sheets, Marjorie Naomi, 1914 Towne, Laura, 1914 Wahl, Harry Roswell, 1908 Weniger, Willibald, 1905 Worthing, Archie Garfield, 1904 Oklahoma Barber, Winchel Fay, 1900 Oregon Elliott, Ida, 1902 (Mrs. Eric W. Allen) Frisby, Almah J., 1878 Griffin, Hattie Josephine, 1898 Kerr, James Bremer, 1889 Roller, Julianne A., 1908 Schafer, Joseph, 1894 Smith, Warren Du Pr6, 1902 Pennsylvania Burdiek, Lawrence Wylie, 1904 Davis, James E., 1912 Fiske, Se^-mour, 1916 Hanchett, David Scott, 1910 Huebner, Grover Gerhard, 1905 Huebner, Solomon S., 1901 Jamison, Charles Lasello, 1913 Johnson, Emery Richard, 1888 98 Phi Beta Kappa Key, Mrs. Wilhelmine Bnteman, 1894 Lowenthal, Marvin Marx, 1915 Marquisse, Victor Grant, 1904 Newcomer, Harry Sidney, 1909 NicoUs, Mary Mohr, 1913 Parlin, Charles Coolidge, 1893 Van Hise, Mary Janet, 1909 South Dakota Gullander, Magnhilde Alvira, 1916 Larson, Karen, 1905 Tennessee EUer, WiUiam Henri, 1910 DeSautelle, William Thomas, 1908 Holt, Bobert Benton, 1901 Texas Jones, Howard Mumford, 1914 Seward, LeUa Huntington, 1913 Treleven, John Edward, 1910 Utah Anderson, Andrew Eunni, 1900 Barnard, Elizabeth, 1905 McLean, Marion C, 1901 (Mrs. Guy W. Crane) Wagner, Rose, 1905 (Mrs. J. F. Bruins) Washington Baker, Florence Elizabeth, 1891 (Mrs. J. A. Hays) Brayton, Fannie Elizabeth, 1903 Bush, Helen M., 1899 (Mrs. J. P. Weter) Cooper, Elva, 1904 (Mrs. E. C. Mag- nusson) Davis, Robert Moses, 1902 De Lacy, John Byron, 1906 Foulkes, Marie Nuzum, 1912 Grosvenor, Thomas Howard, 1896 Heald, Frederick DeForest, 1894 Knowlton, Philip Arnold, 1906 Pomeroy, Lilla, 1909 (Mrs. L. E. Cochran) Pomeroy, Mabel Frances, 1910 Roberts, Alexander Crippen, 1906 Van Slyke, Euth C, 1908 (Mrs. S. L. Livingston) Weinzirl, John, 1896 Weter, James P., 1898 Washington, D. C. Aldrich, Loyal Blaine, 1907 Case, Belle, 1879 (Mrs. Robert Marion La Follette) Davies, Joseph Edward, 1898 Dewey, Kate, 1875 (Mrs. Theodore L. Cole) Cole, Theodore Lee, 1871 Pox, Elizabeth Gordon, 1907 Fuller, Stewart Jamieson, 1903 Gregory, Charles Noble, 1871 Katz, Frank James, 1905 La Follette, Robert Marion, 1879 Lenroot, Katharine Fredriea, 1912 Meyer, Balthasar H., 1894 Nelson, John Mandt, 1890 Reinsch, Paul Samuel Euediger, William Carl, 1899 Schreiner, Oswald, 1897 Schule, Paul Adolph, 1903 True, Eodney Howard, 1890 UpdegrafE, Milton, 1884 Wilson, George Smith, 1894 Wolcott, John Dorsey, 1895 Wisconsin Allen, Charles Elmer, 1899 Allen, Florence Eliza, 1900 Allen, Katharine, 1887 Altmeyer, Arthur J., 1914 Andressohu, John C, 1911 Andrews, Helen Grace, 1899 Andrews, Joy Ella, 1917 Anthony, Angela J., 1910 (Mrs. F. C. Liefert) Anthony, Marie A., 1912 (Mrs. D. J. Flanagan) Arnold, Leah, 1913 Alpha of Wisconsin 99 Assovsky, Abraham, 1916 Averill, George Baxter, Jr., 1908 Baker, Florence E., 1891 (Mrs. J. A. Hays) Baker, Helen, 1895 (Mrs. S. H. Cady) Baker, Lillian, 1889 (Mrs. E. AV. Warner) Barnbrock, Henry, Jr., 1916 Barnes, Flora, 1894 (Mrs. W. G. Caskey) Bartlett, Edwin B., 1905 Bascom, Lelia, 1902 Bassett, Agnes S., 1895 Bauer, 'William W., 1915 Beatty, Mrs. Arthur, 1904 Becher, Max A., 1906 Bell, Eae Floyd, 1912 Benedict, Harry EUis, 1916 Black, John Donald, 1909 Blake, James Bronson, 1904 Bleyer, WiUard G., 1896 Bostwick, Harriet M., 1901 (Mrs. S. B. Echlin) Bradley, Henry Ernest, 1901 Brazeau, Theodore Walter, 1897 Breidablik, Ellida, 1915 Breitkreutz, Adeline A., 1908 (Mrs. Eldon Wittwer) Breitkreutz, Elsa Helen, 1912 Brigham, Charles Ilsley, 1885 Brindley, Elbert Edwin, 1908 Brown, Webster E., 1874 Brundage, Dean K., 1914 Buell, Mary Van Rensselaer, 1914 Buell, Pauline Merry, 1913 Bunting, Alice Isabella, 1895 Bunting, Charles Henry, 1896 Burke, John Edward, 1915 Burroughs, Le Boy Stanton, 1916 Burham, Dorothy Marie, 1909 (Mrs. James Thompson) Burwell, Marjorie, 1917 Buss, Flora E., 1912 Cady, Jean Hayes, 1891 Cairns, Gertrude Maude, 1898 Cairns, William B., 1890 Calkins, Ernest E., 1899 Carlton, Edward P., 1894 Carlton, Mary L., 1896 (Mrs. Otto L. Wasmansdorff) Carus, Marie Louise, 1915 Carpenter, Carrie B., 1877 (Mrs. E. P. Banning) Case, Lucie Nell, 1904 Castle, Mildred Alice, 1904 Cheney, Eosa Mabel, 1897 Cliickering, Alfred Dorance, 1916 Clark, Grace, 1885 (Mrs. Frederick K. Conover) Clarke, Lyle C, 1916 Clough, WUloughby G., 1875 Cochems, Henry Frederick, 1897 Coerper, Florence Maud, 1914 Coffin, Margaret EUen, 1905 (Mrs. George W. Langley, Jr.) Colburn, Willis Paul, 1905 Comstock, Mary C. E. Congdon, Feme Liua, 1914 Conover, Allan D., 1874 Conover, Frederick K., 1874 Conover, Frederick Le Roy, 1915 Conover, Julian Darst, 1917 Conover, Marion Clarke, 1917 Conway, John G., 1879 Corbett, Elizabeth Frances, 1910 Corbett, Gertrude Marion, 1915 Crissey, Merrill Henry, 1906 Crosby, May Lillian, 1907 Cunningham, Roger George, 1912 Daley, Frank Aloysius, 1912 Dallwig, Lydia Irma, 1913 (Mrs. Friedrich Bruns) Davis, Agnes, 1912 (Mrs. Moulton B. Goff) De Garis, Charles Francis, 1915 Dengler, Rose, 1896 Derge, Herman Ferdinand, 1904 Dickinson, Ray Levi, 1912 Disque, Robert Conrad, 1903 100 Phi Beta "Kappa Doe, Ethelyn Anna, 1910 (Mrs. E. B. MicheU) Dohmen, Fred Wentworth, 1908 Dudley, William Henry, 1892 Edsall, Winifred, 1915 Edwards, Ann Elizabeth, 1916 Eiche, Adela, 1902 Ernst, AdolpMne B., 1901 Esch, John Jacob, 1882 Euler, Arthur Philip, 1916 Evans, Magdalene, 1904 (Mrs. Chan- cey Juday) Fairchild, Arthur Wilson, 1897 Fairchild, Mary, 1890 (Mrs. LeGrand Rockwell) Faville, Katharine Ellen, 1915 Fay, Helen Armine, 1907 (Mrs. Paul B. Johnson) Fleming, Florence, 1916 Flint, Helen, 1908 (Mrs. E. D. Wal- lace) Flower, Marie Rosamond, 1913 ^ Foelske, Henry E., 1903 Frawley, Honora Margaret, 1912 Frawley, Michael Stephen, 1873 Fries, Gyneth Theo, 1914 (Mrs. James T. Roach) Gale, Gladys, 1899 (Mrs. G. W. Lock- hart) Gardner, Bertha, 1897 (Mrs. W. H. Williams) Gattiker, Emma, 1881 Gay, Lucy Marie, 1882 Gelatt, Arthur Alvin, 1914 Gilkey, Edna Annie, 1909 Oilman, Laura Leonard, 1913 Goe, Ruth, 1907 (Mrs. C. E. Welton) Graham, Mae Lillian, 1911 Grant, Kate Goldie, 1906 (Mrs. E. Ray Henika) Gray, Nancy Anna, 1915 Griswold, Ada E., 1889 Griswold, Florence, 1886 (Mrs. G. A. Bucksta'ff) Haake, Alfred Paul, 1914 Haight, Robert Wilber, 1902 Hall, Katharine, 1904 Hamilton, Bertha Malinda, 1914 Hanohett, Ruth M., 1899 (Mrs. E. A. Schmidt) Hand, Imogene, 1887 (Mrs. C. R. Carpenter) Harvey, Richard Guille, 1898 Haskell, Agnes, 1876 (Mrs. George H. Noyes) Hatch, Helen L., 1878 (Mrs. I. W. Burhans) Heald, Lillian, 1893 (Mrs. Louis Kahlenberg) Herrick, Alfred JamesJ 1909 Higgins, Irene, 1916 HinMey, Lucretia, 1899 (Mrs. John W. McMiUan) HoUister, Clarence Allan, 1914 Hooper, Junius Thomas, 1892 Hopkins, Grace Louise, 1894 (Mrs. H. L. KeUogg) Hoppert, Arno Henry, 1916 Hoyt, Amy L., 1912 (Mrs. James M. Smith) Hoyt, Ralph Melvin, 1910 Huenkemier, Jennie A., 1893 (Mrs. J. A. Aylward) Hunt, Richard Nash, 1915 Hutchison, Helen, 1910 (Mrs. Thom- as M. Kearney) Jackson, Raymond Thomas, 1915 Johnson, Agnes Learned, 1910 (Mrs. H. F. Ringo) Johnson, Laura Butler, 1912 Jones, Burr W., 1870 Jones, Chester Lloyd-, 1902 Jones, Ella Bessie, 1913 Jones, Granville Duane, 1882 Kadish, Victor Hugo, 1906 Kahlenberg, Louis, 1892 Karges, Rudolph Andrew, 1906 Katz, George Henry, 1893 Kearney, Jeanette, 1914 Kelsey, Rachel Marjorie, 1901 Alpha of Wisconsin 101 Kimball, Edna G., 1895 King, Anna B., 1903 (Mr». L. D. Leadbetter) Koehsel, Minnie Clara, 1913 Kremers, Edward, 1888 Kronshage, Ernst Hildebrand, 1898 Lamfrom, Leon Benedict, 1905 Landau, Lloyd Harold, 1915 Langenhau, Selma, 1907 (Mrs. E. J. B. Schubring) Larson, Veda Belva, 1913 Leary, Mary Cecil, 1914 Lehmann, Sarah Katherine, 1911 Leith, Charles Kenneth, 1897 Lentzner, Florence, 1910 (Mrs. Alex- ander C. Sladky) Lewis, Eva G., 1908 (Mrs. Erank Kranich) Lockney, Henry, 1897 Luethe, Walter Jacob, 1912 MeClernan, Marie, 1900 McCutcheon, Carlotta, 1904 (Mrs. Arthur Beatty) McGovern, Francis Edward, 1890 McKittrick, Leland Sterling, 1915 MoLenegan, Annie Susan, 1897 McMynn, Louise, 1888 (Mrs. How- ard Greene) Manchester, Frederick Alexander, 1904 Marshall, Euth, 1892 Mashek, Anna Magdalene, 1904 Mason, Max, 1898 Mayhew, Lester Cooper, 1892 Merk, Frederick, 1911. Merkel, Harold Leland, 1914 Merrill, George F., 1872 Meyer, Juliet D., 1875 (Mrs. Web- ster E. Brown) Mielenz, Nora May, 1911 Millard, Carlotta M., 1893 (Mrs. Al- son I. Smith) Miller, Dora, 1915 (Mrs. C. M. Oster- held) Minn, Elsie, 1907 (Mrs. W. E. Fish- er) Mock, Marguerite, 1916 Moehlmana, Lillian Susan, 1917 Moore, Anna Eoseline, 1915 Moore, Roger Emmett, 1915 Morris, Howard, 1877 Moseley, Anna Burr, 1903 Mueller, Amy Fredericka, 1916 Mueller, Olga, 1896 (Mrs. Alfred G. Eddy) Naber, DeUa, 1913 Narr, Edward Richard, 1916 Nash, Guy, 1897 Nash, Nellie Irene, 1897 (Mrs. W. A. Scott) Niven, John M., 1900 Norsman, Anna, 1898 (Mrs. George S. Love) Olbrieh, Michael Balthasar, 1902 Olson, Julius Emil, 1884 O'Shea, Harriet Eastabrooks, 1916 Otto, Max Charles, 1906 Paine, Effie Clarissa, 1911 Parkinson, John Barber, 1860 Pease, Lynn Spencer, 1886 Pease, Mary Ennever, 1913 (Mrs. R. H. Washburne) Pence, Nellie Ada, 1913 Peterson, LeRoy, 1916 Pfeiffer, Charles Albert, 1914 PhiUpp, Ernst Joseph, 1916 Pickford, Merle, 1912 (Mrs. J. D. R. Steven) Pickford, Theo, 1903 (Mrs. Ray S. Owen) Pierson, Merle, 1912 Pitman, Annie Maria, 1897 Pitman, Bertha S., 1885 (Mrs. F. C. Sharp) Pleuss, Anita Valentine, 1916 Plumb, Ralph Gordon, 1901 Pope, Rosa Mathilde, 1908 Price, Beulah May, 1909 1(M Phi Bbti. Kapfa. Pugh, Grace Madeline, 1915 Purin, Charles Maltador, 1907 Pyre, James Francis Augustin, 1892 Beichert, John Lester, 1917 Reid, Alexander Hamilton, 1888 Eeid, Alice Jane, 1906 Eeid, Mary Elizabeth, 1910 Keid, Maude D., 1913 (Mrs. C. W. Tomlinson) Eemington, Helen, 1876 (Mrs. John M. Olin) Eeyer, Edward Gerald, 1912 Eice, Euth Catherine, 1914 Rice, Ole Salter, 1899 Eiehdorf, Lawrence Francis, Jr., 1917 Robinson, Florence Porter, 1889 Eoehl, Julius Otto, 1908 Eogers, Charles B., 1893 Eossberg-Leipnitz, Johanna, 1909 (Mrs. B. Q. Morgan) Roth, WUliam Edward, 1915 Euedebuseh, Francis Liua, 1910 Russell, Harry Lrnnan, 1888 Ryan, Marion Eva, 1906 Ryan, Mary Agnes, 1913 Sabin, Kate, 1893 (Mrs. E. E. Stev- ens) Saby, T. Sever, 1900 Saleski, Felicitas Anna, 1915 Samp, Edward Joseph, 1913 Sanford, Albert Hart, 1891 Sawyer, Hiram Arthur, 1896 Schmidt, Ella Dorothea, 1914 Schoenleber, Gretchen B., 1911 Schule, Frederick William, Jr., 1901 Schwab, Mabel Lloyd, 1914 Schwenker, Calvin Floyd, 1911 Seilstad, Edna Theodora, 1907 Sexton, Walter Gresham, 1908 Shapiro, Eebecca, 1898 (Mrs. Rich- ard J. Strauss) Shea, Edmund Burke, 1913 Shibata, Genkwan, 1909 Showerman, Grant, 1896 Siebecker, Robert G., 1878 Sieb, Zettie E., 1908 (Mrs. Judd M. Sohaad) Sieker, William Christian, 1899 Skavlem, John Harvey, 1916 Skinrood, Carle Oscar, 1906 Slichter, Sumner Huber, 1913 Smith, Edna, 1897 (Mrs. W. S. Mc- Corkle) Smith, Howard Leslie, 1881 Smith, Maxwell Austin, 1917 Smith, Mrs. Pearl Mobry, 1914 Smith, Phebe Maud, 1903 Smith, Walter McMynn, 1890 Snyder, Myrtle Elizabeth, 1913 Springer, Benjamin Franklin, 1910 Starke, Meta Eleanor, 1906 (Mrs. E. G. Kieekhefer) Sterling, Susan Adelaide, 1879 Stevens, Edmund Eay, 1893 Stewart, Katherine Bernice, 1916 StUlman, Gertrude, 1899 (Mrs. J. B. Sanborn) Stolte, Freda, 1902 (Mrs. George B. Vinson) Stroud, Eay Morris, 1908 Swansen, Samuel T., 1890 Swanson, Ada Elizabeth, 1910 (Mrs. Carl M. Hill) Swarthout, Edyth Claire, 1913 Tarrell, Arch Le Roy, 1909 Thwaites, Fredrik Turville, 1906 Tillotson, Roy D., 1895 Townsend, Eugene Herbert, 1914 Treakle, Helen Edna, 1915 Trottman, James Franklin, 1884 Trottman, Nelson Smith, 1914 "Van Dyke, Margaret Patterson, 1916 Van Hise, Charles Richard, 1879 Van Horn, Frederic Milo, 1900 Veerhusen, Elsbeth, 1891 (Mrs. John L. Kind) Vilas, Charles H., 1865 Vinje, A. J., 1884 Vinson, George B., 1902 Alpha of Wisconsin 103 Von Kaltenborn, Walter Or., 1909 WaW, Margaret Lydia, 1916 Wangard, Emily Clara, 1914 Washburn, Robert Glendenniug, 1900 Waters, Elizabeth Agnes, 1885 Weld, Laura H., 1899 Wells, Josephine, 1903 (Mrs. W. T. Moseley) Werner, Fred W., 1901 West, Fannie, 1875 (Mrs. Perry Wil- liams) West, Helen, 1891 (Mrs. G. A. Cham- berlain) Westover, CaUa P., 1896 (Mrs. Thomas Lloyd- Jones) Williams, Caryl Eoekwood, 1913 Williams, Frank Ernest, 1910 Williams, Helen Agnes, 1914 Williams, Sidney James, 1907 Williams, William Holme, 1876 Williamson, Robert C, 1912 Wilson, Leta May, 1905 Winchester, Edna, 1913 Wise, Merton Barber, 1916 Withington, Prances Eleanor, 1913 Witte, Edwin Emil, 1909 Wolf, Helen Margaret, 1911 Wolfenson, Louis Bernard, 1901 Wood, Ruth Rebecca, 1914 Wrabetz, Voyta, 1903 Wyseman, Arthur Joseph, 1901 Yeager, Susan Amelia, 1916 Young, Caroline Morris, 1894 Zillmer, Aimee, 1911 ZiUmer, Helen, 1916 Zinn, Edna Bertha, 1904 Zinns, Roland W., 1903 MEMBERSHIP Men Graduates, 1859-1898 126 Graduates, 1899-1917 242 Married, 1899-1915 Deceased 13 Living members jmeu Total 81 207 225 468 77 9 22 955