Lb H7 /8^i Cornell university Ubrary LB2801 .N7 1864 ^ iWMPP olin Cornell University Library The original of tiiis bool< is in tile Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924032714531 MANUAL REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY STATE OF NEW YORK. 1864. ALBANY : J. MUNSELL, 78 STATE STREET. 1864. jof^^z^nt ^/ ..-, I ' \ \ t>* -* ^Jr PREFACE. This Manual is a revised edition of " Instructions to the several Colleges and Academies" of the state subject to the visitation of the Regents of the University. It is rendered necessary at the present time by reason of laws relating to those institutions which have been passed since the publication of the last edition of the instruc- tions (1853). It eootains the laws and ordinances of the Regents relating to Colleges and Academies, and vari- ous forms of applications for incorporation, reports, &c. These have been rearranged, and it is believed are now presented in a form more convenient for reference and use. It is expected that the copies sent to the several institutions will be carefully preserved and not removed from their possession, as there will be frequent occasion for reference to the work, both by trustees and teaciers. CONTENTS, LAWS OF THE STATE FKOM THE REVISED STATUTES AND THE SESSION LAWS. Chapter I. Organization and Powers of the Board of Regents. Page 1—6. See. Page. 1. UniTersity instituted ; government vested in regents, 1 2. Name and corporate powers, 1 3. Number of regents ; vpho members ex officio, 1 4. How appointed ; how removed, 1 5. Vacancies; how supplied, 2 6. Officers; who; how chosen ; tenure of office, 2 7. Who to preside ; president has casting vote, 2 8. To be an annual meeting ; time and place, 2 9. Place of other meetings ; by who:n appointed, 2 10. Number of regents a quorum ; power to adjourn, 2 11. Meetings, how ordered and called; non attendance when deemed a resignation, 3 12. Treasurer to keep account of moneys received and paid, 3 13. Secretary to keep journal, 3 14. Kegents may have access to, and take copies of papers, 3 15. Must visit colleges and academies, and report annually, 3 16. May make by-laws and ordinances, 3 17. Grants must be applied to uses for which made, 4 18. Regents may confer degrees, 4 VI CONTENTS. 19. Their degree of M. D. to give authority to practice physic and surgery, 4 20. May grant certain honorary degrees, * 21. May in certain eases supply vacancies in offices of president and principal, 4 22 and 23. Tenure of office of such person ; powers, emolu- ments, &o., 4 24. Regents to have power to send for persons and papers, 5 25. Regents to have power to examine by themselves or their secretary, & 26. Authorized to give relief in certain cases, 5 27. May permit income of certain trusts to accumulate, St Chapter II. Incorporation of Colleges, Academies and Select Schools^ Page 6—16, 1. Citizens, disposed to found a college may apply to, regents for incorporation, & 2. Founders of an academy may apply to regents for in- corporation, 6 3. Approbation of regents, how declared, T 4. When funds vest and how, T 5. Regents may prescribe conditions of incorporation, T 6. Regents may alter, amend, or repeal charters, 8 7. Trustees of academy possessing capital stook may pre- scribe the mode of eleoting trustees, S 8. Capital stock limited, 9 9. Quorum of board of regents, 9i 10. Incorporation of medical colleges, 9 11. Conditions of incorporation, 9 12. Amount of real estate to be held by such colleges, 10 13. Such college subject to revised statutes, and to the visitation of regents, 11 14. Number and po,w«rs of truste^Sj 1 CONTENTS. TU 15. Trustees of colleges may confer degree of doctor of medicine, 11 16. Indigent students to be admitted to instruction, 12 17. Academy or high school may create capital stock, 12 18. Conditions on which such corporation may be declared an academy, 12 19. AH applioations for charters, and charters where to be recorded. 13 go. Fees for recording, 13 21. Regents to cause charters to be transcribed, 13 ?2, Copies of records may be read in evidence, 13 23 and 26. Union free school may establish an academical department, 14 84. Suoh department to be under the visitation of the regents, 14 go. Academy may become an aoademioal department of union school, 14 27. Select schools may be incorporated, 16 28. Regents may incorporate, 16 89. Request and instrument where to be recorded, 16 80. Property and funds how vest, 16 81, Such school under visitation of regents, 16 Chapter III. Pawen and Duties of Trustees. Page 16—24. 1, Colleges, 16—18. J. Trustees to be a corporation, 16 8. How meetings held and summoned, 16 8. How notices to be given, 16 4. How seniority among trustees determined, 16 6. Number of trustees; what number a quorum, 16 6. Powers of trustees enumerated, 17 7- Privileges Qonferred by diplomas, 18 Till CONTENTS. r 2. Academies, 18 — 21. 8. Trustees to be a corporation; name; number; what number a quorum, •'° 9. Powers of trustees enumerated. 1" 10. How meetings summoned, and by whom, 19 11. Time and place, how appointed, 20 12. How notice to be given; who to preside, 20 1-3 How seniority determined, 20 14. In what case the office of a trustee may be vacated, 20 If. Absence for a year to be deemed a resignation, 20 16 and 17, How their number may be reduced, 21 18. No dividends to be paid when in debt, 21 3. Lancasterian and Select Schools^ 21 — 23. 19. Trustees to be a corporation, 21 20. Powers of trustees enumerated, 21 21. When office of trustee may be vacated, 22 22. When each school may be made a district school, 22 23. May be entitled to benefits of district schools, 22 4. Provisionit applicable to Colleges and Academies, 23. 25. No religious qualification to be required in professors, tutors, &c., 23 26. No professor or tutor to be a trustee, 23 27. No president or principal has a vote relative to his own emoluments, 23 28. No president, principal, or other officer to be a regent, 23 29. No trustee to be a regent, or regent a trustee, 23 Chapter IV. Annual Reports of Colleges and Academies, and Distri- bution of the Piibiic Funds. Page 24—28. 1. Reports to be made, 24 2. Regents to prescribe forms, 24 CONTENTS. IX S. Trustees to declare termination of academic year, 24 4. When annnal report to be transmitted, 24 5. Report to be attested by oath of principal, and ■what to contain, 24 6. Money to be paid annually to academies, 25 7. Distribution how to be made, 26 8. How regulated, 26 B. How applied, 26 10. Regents to report to legislature, and when, 26 11. To delirer schedule of distribution to comptroller, 26 12. Comptroller to draw his warrant, 27 13. Conditions of participating in literature fund, and what other schools may be admitted, 27 14. Certain academies to instruct teachers, 28 15. Money for purchase of books and apparatus, 28 16. Amount and condition on which granted, 28 Chapter V. ' State Normal School, and Instruction of Common School Teachers. Page 29—30. 1. Under whose management, 29 2. Annual report to be made to legislature, 29 3. Money to be paid for instruction of teachers, 3o 4. Comptroller when to draw warrant, 30 Chapter VI. State Library and State Cabinet of Natural History. Page 31—84. 1. Regents to be trustees of state library, 31 2. To appoint librarian and prescribe rules, 31 5. And assistant librarian and messenger, 31 4. Library when to be kept open, 32 X CONTENTS. 5. Duty of librarian, ^2 6. Trustees to direct him, " 7. May sell duplicates, ^2 8. Make annual reports to legislature, 32 9. To provide for members of the legislature to take books, 33 10. Penalty for not returning books, 33 11. Books not to be taken from library by other persons, 33 12. Heads of departments and trustees may take books, 33 13. And judges of court of appeals, and justices of su- preme court, 34 14. Regents of the university to provide for safe keeping of cabinet of natural history, 34 15. Hall of state cabinet, in whose charge placed, 34 OEDINANCES OF THE KEGENTS. Chapter L Incorporation of Colleges. Page 35—36. 1. Conditions of incorporation, 35 2. Charter when to be granted, 35 Chapter II. Incorporation of Academies. Page 36—56. 1. Conditions of incorporation, and of being received under visitation, 36 2 and 3. Application for incorporation must show what, 38-39 4. Notice of application for amendment of charter to be published, 40 Forms of Application for Incorporation, 40 — 46. I. For incorporation with absolute charter, 40 Form of charter granted on such application, 46 I. For provisional charter, 47 CONTENTS. XI 1. With capital stock, 47 2. Not with capital Efoci, 47 Form of Charter on $uch Applications, 54. in. For an academy already incorporated to become snh- ject to visitation, 54 rV. For academic department of a union school to be re- ceiTed iinder visitation, 55 Chapter HI. Annual Reports of Academies. Page 57—60. I. As to Financial Condition, 57. 1. Trustees to report value of property, 57 2. Annual report to be made when, and what to contain, 58 2. As to Literary and Scientific Condition. 3 and 4. Eeport what to contain, 58—59 Chapter IV. Examination and Classification of Scholars and tJie Distribution of the Literature Fund. Page 60—80. 1. Scholars to be dirided, • 60 2 and 8. Public examinations to be held, and certificates granted, 60-61 4. What required to entitle to certificate, 61 6. When scholars to be regarded as classical or in higher branches of English education, 62 6. Apportionment of literature fund when made ; form of draft for, 62 7. Money assigned for text books, and apparatus, what required, 63 8. Money not to be assigned to any academy oftener than once in a year, 64 xn CONTENTS. 9. Money to be applied to purposes specified, 64 10. Chancellor and secretary to certify to comptroller, 64 11. Appropriations what not to apply to, 64 12. Contributions in books, &c., not sufficient, 65 13. Term "text book" what to include, 66 14. Mode of expenditure to be reported, 65 15. When applications exceed the amount at disposal of the regents, what to be done, 65 16. Appropriations when to be made, 65 17. Form of application, 66 18. Form of draft for appropriation, 67 List of books recommended for libraries, 68 Chapter V. Books of Record, and Employment of Teachers. Page 80—82. 1. Trustees to keep records of proceedings, 80 2 and 3. Also school registers, 80-81 4. Records to be the property of the academy, 81 5. Regents to enquire whether they are provided, 81 6. Trustees to employ teachers and see to their compen- sation, 81 Chapter VI. Form of Annual Reports of Academies. Page 82—102. 1. Grounds for academy buildings, 83 2. Buildings, 83 3. Library, 83 4. Apparatus, 84 5. Title to property, 84 6. Other property. 85 7. Debts and encumbrances. 85 8. Summary statements. 86 Vyurciiivio, 9. Certificate of committee on library and apparatus, 86 10. Cash account, 87 11. Kevenue and expenditures, 89 12. Money from literature fund, 92 13. Money for purchase of books and apparatus, 92 14. Teachers, 92 15. Employment of teachers, 93 16. Subjects of study and text books, 93 17. Number of students, 96 18. Prices of tuition, 97 19. Gratuitous instruction, 97 20. Terms, vacations &c., 97 21. Summary statement of expenses, 98 22. Physical education, 98 23. Officers of trustees, 98 24. Certificate of committee on schedule, 98 25. Authentication of reports, 99 Schedule of studies, 101 Chapter VII. Instruction of Common School Teachers. Page 103—107. Course of studies required, 104 Appropriation for, when made, 107 Form of draft, 107 Chapter VIII. Form of Annual Reports of Colleges. Page 108—124. I. Literary Colleges. 108 — 117. 1. Number and description of professorships, 108 2. Trustees, faculty and other officers, 108 3. Number of students, 109 B CONTENTS. 4. Ctassifieation of students,. lift 5. Academic degrees, lift 6. Terms and sessions,. 110 7. Course of study, lU 8. Exercises, 111. 9. Eihibitious and priz.e contests. m 10. Exami»ations, 112 11. Mode of instruction, 112 12. Discipline,. 1*3 13. Gratuitous instructioo, im 14. Statutes or by-laws. iia 15. Deseription and value of buildings^ IM 16. Other property. 114 17. Debts, 11& 18. Revenue, im 19. Expenditure, lift 20. Priee of tuition, lift 21. Remarlis, IM 22. Close of report,.. lit II. Medical Colteges, 117— 12'4. 1. Number and description of professorships. list 2. Faculty and other college officers. lis S. Number of students. 119 4. Classificatioii of students, lift 5. College terms or sessions. iia 6. Mode of instruction. 119 7. Discipline, 12a 8. Statutes or by-laws. 120 9. Deseription and value of buildings^ 121 10. Other property, 121 11. Debts, 122 12. Revenue, 122 122 13. Expenditure^ 14. Fees. Vi& 15. Examinations and graduation, 123 J6. Remarks, 123 17. Close of report, 123 Chapter IX, Miscellaneous. Page 124^125. 1. Apparatus recommended, 124 g. Libraries to be furnished with works of reference, 124 8. Scholars to te exercised ia declajnation and composi- tion, 125 4, Meetings of regents, 125 INSTITUTION OF THE UNIYERSITT. Page 126—154. Act of 1784, 126 AQt of 1787, 138 LIST OF REGENTS, Arranged in order of succession, 155 Arranged alphabetically, 160 Members of present board, xvi APPENDIX. Observations by Gideon Hawley, LL. D., late sec- retary of the regents, on certain branches of academic instruction, 166 Institutions subject to the visitation of the regents, 19,0 LIST OF THE PEESfiNT MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. At the annual meeting, held on the 14th of January, 1864, the Board was organized for the year by the re- election of John V. L. Prbyn, as Chancellor. GuijAN C.Verplavck, Vice-Ohancetlor^ Samuel B. Woolworth, Secretary. The following is a list of the members of the Board at this time, with their residences, and the dates of ejection. Horatio Seymour, LL. D., Governor^ \ David R. Floyd Jones, Lieutenant Giyvemor., \ Chauncey M. De Pew, Secretary of State, f Ex-offido. Victor M. Rice, Supt. of PvUic tnsiruction, ) Gulian C. Verplanck, LL. D 1826, Jan. 26, New York, Erastus Corning 1833, Feb. 5, Albany. Prosper M. Wetmore 183.3, April 4, New York, Gideon Hawley, LL. D 1842, Feb. 1, Albany. John V. L. Pmyn, LL. D 1844, May 4, Albany. Robert Campbell 184B, Feb. 2, Batb. Rev. Samuel Luckey, D. D 1847, May 6, Rochester. Robert G. Rankin 1847, Sept. 22, New York. Erastus C, Benedict ,..., ...,..,.,. 1855, March 22, New York, George W. Clinton, LL. D 1856, March 6, Buffalo. Rev. Isaac Parks, D. D 1857, April 7, GloversvlUe. Lorenzo Burrows , 1858, Feb. 15, Albion. Robert S. Hale 1869, March 29, Elizabethtown. EliasW. Leavenworth..,..., 1861, Feb. 6, Syracuse, J. Carson Brevoort 1861, Feb. 5, Brooklyn. George R. Perkins, LL. D 1862, Jan. 31, Utica. Alexander S. Johnson 1864, April 4, Albany. George W. Curtis 1864, April 4, N. Sh.oxe^ S^ Iv Qn« vacancy. MANUAL. LAWS OF THE STATE, FROM THE REVISED STATUTES AND THE SESSION LAWS. CHAPTER L ORGANIZATION AND POWERS Or THE BOARD OP REGENTS. Section 1. An university is instituted in this state, of wiich the government is, and shall continue to be, vested in a board of regents. § 2. This university is incorporated under, and is and shall be known by, the name of " the Regents of the Uni- versity of the state of New-York;" and by that name shall have perpetual succession, power to sue, and be sued and to make and use a common seal and alter the same at pleas- ure, to hold property real and personal to the amount of the annual income of forty thousand bushels of wheat and to buy and sell and otherwise dispose of, lands and chattels. § 3. The regents are twenty-three in number, including the governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of state, and superintendent of public instruction, who are members of the board by virtue of their ofl&ces. [^Laws of 1854, chap. 97, § 5.] § 4. With the exception of the governor, lieutenant- 2 MANUAL OF THE governor, secretary of state, and superintendent of pub- lic instruction, the regents are appointed by the legisla- ture and may be removed by a concurrent resolution of the senate and assembly. § 5. All vacancies happening in the offices of those so appointed, shall be supplied by the legislature, in the man- ner in which the state officers are directed to be appointed, in the fifth chapter of this act. § 6. The officers of this corporation are a chancellor, a vice-chancellor, a treasurer and a secretary, all of whom are chosen by the regents, by ballot, a plurality of votes being sufficient to a choice. They hold their respective ' offices during the pleasure of the board. § 7. The chancellor, and if he shall be absent, the vice- chancellor, and if both be absent, the senior regent in the order of appointment, shall preside at all meetings of the regents, and have a casting vote in case of a division. § 8. There shall be an annual meeting of the regents on the evening of the second Thursday in January, in every year, at the senate chamber in the capitol. § 9. All meetings, except adjourned meetings, shall be held at such time and place as the chancellor, or in case his office be vacant, or he be absent from the state, the vice-chancellor, or if he be also absent, or the offices of both be vacant, the senior regent in the state, shall ap- point. § 10. Six regents attending, shall be a board for the transaction of business ; and the regents present,- whether a quorum or otherwise, shall have power to adjourn from time to time, not exceeding ten days at a time. [Laws of 1853, chap. 184, § 5.] BOARD or REGENTS. 6 § 11. A meetiDg shall be ordered and called by tbe officer authorized to appoint the same, as often as three regents, in writing, so request; and the order shall be published in the state paper at least ten days prior to the meeting. If any regent shall not attend at least once at any of the meetings of the regents to be held during any session of the legislature, when by law they are required to meet, without some just cause satisfactory to the board of regents, such non-attendance shall be deemed a re- signation of their seats ; and it shall be the duty of the regents to report to the legislature, from time to time, the names of the members whose seats shall thus become vacant, to the end that the same maybe supplied. {Laws 0/1815, chap. 207, and 1845, chap. 179, § 3.] § 12. The treasurer shall keep an account of all moneys by him received and paid out. § 13. The secretary shall keep a journal of the proceed- ings of the regents, in which the ayes and noes on all questions shall be entered if requested by any one of the regents present. § 14. Each regent may always have access to, and be permitted to take copies of, all the books and papers of the corporation. § 15. The regents are authorized and required, by them- selves or their committees, to visit and inspect all the col- leges and academies in this state, examine into the con- dition and system of education and discipline therein, and make an annual report of the same to the legislature. § 16. The regents shall have power to make such by- laws and ordinances as they shall judge most expedient for the accomplishment of the trust reposed in them. 4 MANTJAIi OF THE § 17. Grrants made to the regents for certain uses and purposes shall not be applied, either wholly or in part, to any other uses. § 18. The regents shall have the right of conferring by diploma under their common seal, on any person whom they may judge worthy thereof, such degrees above that of master of arts, as are known to, and usually granted by, any college or university in Europe. § 19. A degree of doctor of medicine, granted by the regents, shall authorize the person on whomitis conferred,, to practice physic and surgery within this state. § 20. The regents of the university may in their dis- cretion confer the honorary degree of doctor of medicine upon such persons, not to exceed four in any one year, as may be recommended to them for that purpose, by the medical society of this state, but such honorary degree shall in no case be a license to practice physic or surgery. ILaws O/1840, chap. 366.] § 21. In case the trustees of any college shall leave the office of president of the college, or the trustees of any academy shall leave the office of principal of the academy, vacant, for the space of one year, the regents shall fill up such vacancy, unless a reasonable cause shall be assigned for such delay, to their satisfaction. § 22. The person so appointed, shall continue in office during the pleasure of the regents, and shall have the same powers, and the same salary, emoluments and pri- vileges, as his next immediate predecessor in office enjoyed. § 23. If such president or principal had no immediate predecessor in office, he shall have such salary as the re- gents shall direct, to be paid by the trustees out of the funds or property of their college or academy. BOARD OP REGENTS. § 24. The regents of the university of the state of New York, and any committee thereof, in the discharge of any duty required by law, or by resolution of the senate or as- sembly, may require any proof or information relating thereto, to be verified by oath, and shall for such purposes (and no other) have the powers now by law vested in any committee of either house authorized to send for persons and papers. \_La-ws of 1839, cliap. 226.] § 25. The regents of the university shall have full power to examine by themselves or their secretary, into the man- ner in which all institutions of learning subject to their visitation are conducted, to the end that they may report the same to the legislature. \_Laws of 1857, chap. 577, § 3.] § 26. The regents of the university are hereby author- ized and empowered to give such relief to academies in relation to the distribution of the public funds, as has hitherto been rendered by the legislature, whenever in their judgment such relief is equitable and just, or ren- dered necessary by error in their report, or by error in the distribution of said funds. [Ibid, § 4.] § 27. The income arising from any real or personal property granted or conveyed, devised or bequeathed in trust to any incorporated college or other incorporated literary institution, for any of the purposes specified in the " act authorizing certain trusts," passed May 14, 1840, or for the purpose of providing for the support of any teacher in a grammar school or institute, may be permitted to accumulate till the same shall amount to a sum sufficient, in the opinion of the regents of the university, to carry into cfiect either of the purposes 6 MANUAL or THE aforesaid, designated in said trust. [Laws of 1846, chap. 74.] CHAPTER II. INCORPOKATION OF COLLEGES, ACADEMIES, AND LAN- CASTERIAN AND SELECT SCHOOLS. Sec. 1. Any citizen or citizens, or bodies corporate within this state, being disposed to found a college at any place within the same, he or they shall in writing make known to the regents, the place where, the plan on which and the funds with which, it is intended to found and pro- vide for the same, and who are proposed for the first trus- tees ; and in case the regents shall approve thereof, then they shall declare their approbation by an instrument un- der their common seal, and allow a convenient time for completing the same ; and if at the expiration of the said time, it shall appear to the satisfaction of the regents, that the said plan and propositions are fully executed, then they shall, by act under their common seal, declare that the said college, to be named as the founders shall signify, and with such trustees not exceeding twenty-four, nor less than ten, as they shall name, shall forthwith be- come incorporated, and shall have perpetual succession, and enjoy all the corporate rights and privileges enjoyed by Columbia college, in and by the act entitled "An act to institute an university within this state, and for other purposes therein mentioned," passed April 13, 1787. ILaws of 1813, chap. 59, § 6.] § 2. The founders and benefactors of an academy, or BOARD OF REGENTS. 7 as many of them as shall have contributed more than one- half in value of the property collected for the use thereof, may make to the regents an application in writing under their hands, requesting that such academy may be incor- porated, nominating the first trustees, and specifying the name by which the corporation is to be called. § 3. In case the regents shall approve thereof, they shall, by an instrument under their common seal, declare their approbation of the incorporation of the trustees of such academy, by the name specified in such application ; a,nd the request, and instrument of approbation , shall be re- corded in the office of the secretary of the board of regents. § 4. Immediately after recording the same, the pro- perty and funds of such academy shall be vested in the trustees so nominated, for the use and benefit of the icademy. § 5. The regents of the university shall by general rules md regulations to be established by them from time to ;ime, prescribe the requisites and conditions for the in- iorporation by them of any college, university, academy )r other institution of learning, pursuant to the power rested in the said regents by the act entitled "An act rel- itive to the university," passed April 5, 1813, and by he revised statutes of this state; the said regents are lereby empowered at any time by an instrument under heir common seal, which shall be recorded in the office if the secretary of the board of regents" (^Laics of 1855, hap. 471, § 1), to incorporate any university or college, r any academy, or other institution of learning, under uch name, with such number of trustees or other man- gers, and with such powers and privileges and subject 8 MANUAL or THE to suet limitations and restrictions, in all respects as may be prescribed by law or as tbe said regents may deem proper in conformity thereto ; and every institution so incorporated, in addition to the powers which may be vested in them as aforesaid, shall have the general pow- ers of a corporation under the revised statutes of this state. § 6. The said regents may at any time on sufficient cause shown and by an instrument under their common seal to be recorded as aforesaid, alter, amend or repeal the charter of any college university, academy or other in- stitution of learning which may hereafter be incorporated by them, and may, on the petition of any college, acade- my or other institution of learning in this state, now ex- isting and subject, or which may hereafter become subject to their visitation, alter or modify the charter, and the rights, powers and privileges of such institution in such manner and on such terms and conditions as they may deem proper. § 7. The trustees of any academy possessing a capital stock pursuant to the act, chapter five hundred and forty- four of the laws of eighteen hundred and fifty-one, may by their by-laws prescribe the mode and manner of elect- ing trustees of the said academy, and may make all ne-. cessary rules and regulations relative to such election ; and the said trustees may, if they so determine, be divided into three classes as nearly equal as may be, who shall serve respectively one, two and three years, such terms of ser- vice to be determined by drawing therefor under the di- rection of the said trustees ; and the trustees thereafter elected shall serve three years. The trustees may fill all BOARD OP REGENTS. 9 'acancies occurring in their number by death, resignation, emoval from the state or otherwise ; and any election of rustees by any academy under said law heretofore held, s hereby affirmed and made valid, provided, that this act hall not affect any action heretofore arising out of any uch election. § 8. The capital stock of any such academy shall not ixeeed fifty thousand dollars. § 9. Six members of the board of regents shall here- after be necessary to form a quorum for the transaction of )usiness. % 10. Any citizens not less than ten in number, of whom , majority shall be inhabitants of this state, who may de- ire to found or endow a medical or surgical college or chool within this state, may make, sign and acknowledge lefore some officer authorized to take the acknowledgment if deeds, a certificate in writing, in which shall be stated he corporate name of the proposed institution, the names if the persons proposed for the first trustees, the plan on rhieh, and the funds with which, it is intended to found nd provide for said institution, and the name of the town r city in which it is proposed to locate the same ; and hall file such certificate in the office of the secretary of tate, and transmit a duplicate thereof to the presiding fficer of the regents of the university of the state of J^ew York. § 11. If it shall appear to the satisfaction of the regents f the university, that the sum of fifty thousand dollars as been subscribed in good faith for the endowment of ach institution by the valid subscription of responsible arties, and at least two-thirds of that sum has been ac- 10 MANUAL OF THE tually paid in or secured in such manner as the regents may approve, to be invested in buildings and site for col- lege, museum, library, apparatus and other needful appur- tenances of a medical college, or in bonds and mortgages on unincumbered real estate or stocks of the United States or of this state, they shall, by act under their seal, grant a charter pursuant to the provisions of this act, for the in- corporation of such college (naming therein as first trus- tees the persons specified in said certificate), for a term of five years, with a condition or proviso therein that if with- in the said term of five years, the trustees of said college shall present to the regents satisfactory evidence that there has been paid in and invested as above prescribed, the whole of said sum of fifty thousand dollars, the charter thereof shall be made perpetual. Upon the fulfillment of said condition, or upon the payment in the first instance of the said sum of fifty thousand dollars, the said regents shall grant said college a perpetual charter. § 12. Such college may hold and possess real and per- sonal property to the amount of two hundred thousand dollars, but the funds or property thereof shall not be used for any other purpose than for the legitimate busi- ness of such institution in the promotion of medical and surgical science and instruction in all departments of learn- ing connected therewith. § 13. Such college shall be subject to the general pro- visions of the Kevised Statutes, so far as the same are ap- plicable, regulating the practice of physic and surgery within this state. It shall be subject to the visitation of the regents of the university, and shall make an annual report to them on oath, of the condition of said college BOARD OF REGENTS. 11 nd the various matters required by law to be reported by ther colleges and academies, and of the investment of the iinds of said college ; and if at any time it shall appear bat the sum required to be paid in has not been invested 1 the manner specified in the seventh section of this act, le regents of the university are hereby empowered to acate and annul said charter. § 14. Every institution incorporated under this act shall ave and possess all the powers and privileges, and be abject to the provisions, liabilities and restrictions of the ighteenth chapter of the first part of the revised statutes, far as the same are applicable and have not been re- ealed. The board of trustees, which shall consist of ot less than ten nor more than twenty-four persons, shall ave power to make all needful by-laws and rules for the overnment and regulation of said college, the appoint- lent of professors, instructors, and other officers thereof, he term of office and election of trustees, and so forth, ot inconsistent with this act and the laws of this state. uch by-laws may be altered or amended by a vote of ;vo-thirds of the members constituting said board, notice eing given at a previous regular meeting of said board. § 15. The trustees for the time being of every college icorporated pursuant to this act, shall have power to rant and confer the degree of doctor of medicine upon le recommendation of the board of professors of said )llege and of at least three curators of the medical pro- ission appointed by said trustees. But no person shall iceive a diploma conferring such degree, unless he be of Dod moral character and of the age of twenty-one years. id shall have received a good English education, and 12 MANUAL or THE shall have pursued the study of medicine and the scien- ces connected therewith for at least three years after the age of sixteen years, and have received instruction from some physician and surgeon fully qualified to practice his profession, until he is qualified to enter a medical college, and (except in cases hereafter provided,) shall also after that age have attended two complete courses of lectures delivered in some incorporated medical college. § 16. The board of trustees of every such college shall, upon payment of matriculation and demonstrator's fees (which shall not exceed the sum of five dollars each) admit to its course of instruction, without further charge, any number of young persons of the state of New York, (not exceeding ten at any one time,) of good scholarship and moral character, who are in indigent circumstances ; the evidence of qualification shall be a certificate from the judge of the county in which the applicant re- sides. \^Laws o/1853, chap. 184, /rom § 5 supra.] § 17. It shall be lawful for an academy or high school for literary, scientific, charitable or religious purposes, to issue, create and possess a capital stock not exceeding ten thousand dollars, which stock shall be deemed personal property and shall be issued in shares of not less than ten dollars each to the several persons subscribing for and paying in the same ; and in the election of trustees of any such corporation, each stockholder shall be entitled to give one vote upon each share of stock actually owned by him at the time of such election. § 18. Whenever any such corporation formed for the purpose of establishing an academy or high school shall have erected a building for school purposes of the value BOARD OF REGENTS. 13 f two thousand dollars, and shall in all other respects imply with the conditions provided by law to authorize le regents to incorporate academies, said corporation shall e declared an academy by the regents of the university, nd shall enjoy all the rights and privileges conferred by iw on the academies of this state. [_Laws of 1851, hap. 544.J § 19. All applications for charters for colleges and cademies, and all charters of colleges and academies ranted by the regents of the university, and all amend- lents and alterations of the same, shall be recorded in he office of the secretary of the board of regents, instead f the office of the secretary of state. [^Laws of 1855, Up. 471, § 1.] § 20. The fees for recording such applications, charters, nd amendments, shall remain as at present, and shall be laid by the colleges and academies making such applica- ions ; and it shall be the duty of the secretary of the board f regents, after paying the usual charges for engrossing ,nd procuring all necessary materials for said charters and mendments, to make a quarterly return to the comptrol- er of moneys received, and pay the balance on hand to he treasurer of the state. \Ibid, § 2.] § 21. The said regents are also hereby authorized to ause to be transcribed into a book, to be by them pro- ided and kept for that purpose, all applications for iharters of colleges or academies, all charters thereupon rranted, and all amendments to the same at present found ecorded in book of deeds number forty-three, now re- naining in the office of the secretary of state, \lhid, § 3.] I 22. Copies of the records mentioned in this act, and of 2 14 MANUAL OF THE all Other records kept by the secretary of the board of re- gents, and duly authenticated under his hand and the seal of the said board, may be used and read in evidence in all courts in this state, with the same force and effect as the originals might be if produced. [Ibid, §4.] § 23. The board of education of any union free school established under this act, shall severally have power to establish in the same an academical department, when- ever in their judgments the same is warranted by the demand for such instruction. \_Laws of 1853, chap. 433, § 11.] § 24. Every academical department to be established as aforesaid shall be under the visitation of the re- gents of the university, and shall be subject in its course of education and matters pertaining thereto (but not in reference to the buildings or erections in which the same is held, unless in cases where the buildings aforesaid are separate from those of the common school department) to all the regulations made in regard to academies by the said regents. In such departments, the qualifications for the entrance of any pupil shall be the same as those established by the said regents for admission into any academy of the state under their supervision. [Ihid, § 16.] § 25. Whenever an union school shall be established under the provisions of this act, and there shall exist within its district an academy, the trustees thereof may, by an unanimous vote, to be attested by their signatures and filed in the office of the clerk of the county, declare their offices vacant ; and thereafter the trustees of such union school shall become the trustees of the said acad- BOAED OF REGENTS. 15 emy, and be charged with all the duties of the former trustees, and the said academy shall be regarded as the academical department of such union school. [^Ihid, § 17.] § 26. Any union school in this state, duly organized according to law, by complying with the requirements of the regents of the university, shall be entitled to all the benefits and privileges in the academies in this state. ILaws 0/1862, chap. 450.] § 27. The founders and benefactors of any school es- tablished or to be established for the instruction of youth, on the system of Lancaster or Bell, or any other system of instruction approved by the board of regents, or as many of such founders as shall have contributed more than one- half of the property collected or appropriated for the use of such school, may make to the regents of the university an application in writing under their" hands, requesting that such school may be incorporated, nominating the first trustees, and specifying the name by which the corpora- tion is to be called. § 28. In case the regents shall conceive a compliance with such request will be conducive to the difi'usion of useful knowledge, they shall, by an instrument under their common seal, declare their approbation of the incorpora- tion of the trustees of the school, by the name specified in such application. § 29. The request in writing, and instrument of appro- bation, shall be recorded in the ofiSce of the clerk of the county in which such school shall be established. § 30. Immediately after recording the same, the pro- perty and funds of such school shall be vested in the trustees so nominated, for the use and benefit of the school. 16 MANUAL OF THE § 31. Every school incorporated under the provisions of this article shall be subject to the control and visitation of the regents; and shall make such returns and reports in relation to the state and disposition of its property and funds, the number and ages of its pupils, and its system of instruction and discipline, as the regents shall from time to time require. CHAPTER III. or THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF TRUSTEES. 1. Of Colleqes. Sec. 1. The trustees of every college to which a char- ter shall be granted by the state, shall be a corporation. § 2. The trustees shall meet upon their own adjourn- ment, and as often as they shall be summoned by their chairman, or in his absence, by the senior trustee, upon the request in writing of any other three trustees. § 3. Notice of the time and place of every such meet- ing shall be given in a newspaper printed in the county where such college is situate, at least six days before the meeting; and every trustee resident in such county, shall be previously notified in writing, of the time and place of such meeting. § 4. Seniority among the trustees shall be determined according to the order in which they are named in the charter of the college ; and after all the first trustees shall become extinct, according to the priority of their election. § 5. The trustees shall not exceed twenty-four (such number as regents may deem proper, chap. 184, § 1, Laws BOARD OF REGENTS. 17 of 1853), nor be less than ten in number ; and a majori- ty of the whole number shall be a quorum for the trans- action of business. § 6. The trustees of every such college, besides the general powers and privileges of a corporation, shall have power, 1. To elect by ballot their chairman annually : 2. Upon the death, removal out of this state, or other vacancy in the office of any trustee, to elect another in his place by a majority of the votes of the trustees present : 3. To declare vacant the seat of any trustee, who shall absent himself from five successive meetings of the board : 4. To take and hold, by gift, grant or devise, any real or personal property, the yearly income or revenue of which shall not exceed the value of twenty-five thousand dollars : 5. To sell, mortgage, let and otherwise use and dispose of such property, in such manner as they shall deem most conducive to the interest of the college : 6. To direct and prescribe the course of study and dis- cipline, to be observed in the college : 7. To appoint a president of the college, who shall hold his office during good behavior : 8. To appoint such professors, trustees and other offi- cers, as they shall deem necessary ; who, unless employed under a special contract, shall hold their offices during the pleasure of the trustees : 9. To remove or suspend from office the president and every professor, tutor, or other officer employed under a special contract, upon a complaint in writing by any mem- ber of the board of trustees, stating the misbehavior in 18 MANUAL OF THE office, incapacity or immoral conduct, of the person sought td be removed, and upon examination and due proof of the truth of such complaint ; and to appoint any other person in place of the president or other officer, thus re- moved or suspended : 10. To grant such literary honors as are usually granted by any university, college, or seminary of learning in the United States; and in testimony thereof, to give suitable diplomas, under their seal, and the signature of such offi- cers of the college as they shall deem expedient: 11. To ascertain and fix the salaries of the president, professors and other officers of the college : 12. To make all ordinances and by-laws necessary and proper to carry into effect the preceding powers. § 7. Every diploma granted by such trustees shall en- title the possessor to all the immunities which by usage or statute are allowed to possessors of similar diplomas granted by any university, college, or seminary of learn- ing in the United States. 2. Of Academies. § 8. The trustees of every such academy shall be a corporation, by the name expressed in the instrument of approbation : they shall not be more than twenty-four, nor less than twelve, in number ; and seven trustees of any academy shall be a quorum for the transaction of business. [Laws of 1835, cJiap. 34, § 3.] § 9. Such trustees, besides the general powers and privileges of a corporation, shall have authority, 1. To adjourn from time to time, as they may deem ex- pedient : BOARD or REGENTS. 19 2. To elect by ballot their president, who shall hold his office for one year, and until another be chosen in his place : 3. Upon the death, resignation, refusal to act, re- moval out of this state, or other vacancy in the office of any trustee, to elect another in his place, by a majority of the votes of the trustees present : 4. To take and hold by gift, grant or devise, any real or personal property, the clear yearly income or revenue of which shall not exceed the value of four thousand dollars : 5. To sell, mortgage, let, or otherwise use and dispose of such property, for the benefit of the academy : 6. To direct and prescribe the course of discipline and study in the academy : 7. To appoint a treasurer, clerk, principal, masters, tutors, and other necessary officers of the academy; who, unless employed under a special contract, shall hold their offices during the pleasure of the trustees : 8. To ascertain and fix the salaries of all the officers of the academy : 9. To remove or suspend from office any officer employ- ed under a special contract, upon a complaint in writing by a trustee, of the misbehavior in office, incapacity or immoral conduct of such officer, and upon examination and due proof of the truth of such complaint, and to ap- point another person in the place of such officer so re- moved or suspended : 10. To make all ordinances and by-laws necessary and proper to carry into effect the preceding powers. § 10. The trustees shall meet upon their own adjourn- 20 MANUAL OP THE ment, and as often as they shall be summoned by their president, or the senior trustee actually exercising his office and residing within three miles of such academy, upon the request in writing of any other three trustees. § 11. Every meeting so requested shall be held at such time and place as the president or senior trustee shall appoint, not less than five nor more than twelve days from the time of the request. § 12. Previous notice in writing of every such meet- ing shall be fixed on the door of the academy, within two days after its appointment ; and at every meeting, ad- journed or special, the president or senior trustee present shall preside. § 13. The seniority of the trustees shall always be de- termined according to the order of their nomination in the written application to the regents; and after all the first trustees shall become extinct, according to the prior- ity of their election. § 14. If a trustee shall refuse or neglect to attend any two successive legal meetings of the trustees, after having been personally notified to attend, and if no satisfactory cause of his non-attendance be shown, the trustees may declare his office vacant. § 15. If any trustee of an academy shall, for oneyear,re- fuse or neglect to attend the legal meetings of the board of trustees of which he is a member, such non-attendance shall be deemed a resignation of the office of such trus- tee. ILaws of 1835, chnp. 123, § 2.] § 16. Where the number of trustees of any academy shall exceed twelve, the trustees thereof, at their annual meeting, may reduce the number of the original board of BOARD OF REGENTS. 21 trustees to any number not less than twelve, by abolish- ing the offices of those who may omit to attend such meeting, and shall have omitted to attend two other legal meetings after notice. § 17. Where the number of trustees of any academy shall exceed twelve, and a vacancy shall happen in the office of any such trustee, and the vacancy shall not be filled by the election of another trustee within six months after the happening of such vacancy, the office of the trustee so becoming vacant shall be abolished. \^Laws of 1835, chap. 123, § 3.] § 18. No academy or institution of learning shall hereafter pay to its stockholders, shareholders, or other persons claiming rights of ownership therein, any di- vidends, or any portion of its earnings or other income, from whatever source derived, while there is any out- standing indebtedness against the said academy or insti- tution. \Lawi of 1859, chap. 426, § l.J 3, Of liANCASTEKIAN AND SELECT SCHOOLS. § 19. The trustees of such school shall be a corporation, by j;he name expressed in the instrument of approbation. § 20. The trustees of every such school (besides the general powers and privileges of a corporation) shall have authority, 1. To elect by ballot their president, treasurer and clerk annually : 2. Upon the death, resignation, refusal to act, removal out of the state, or other vacancy in the office of any trustee, to elect another in his place : 22 MANUAL OF THE 3. To appoint a master, assistants and other necessary officers of the school : 4. To remove or suspend any of them at pleasure, and to fix their respective salaries or compensalion : 5 To appoint the times and places of their own regular meetings, and to adjourn from time to time : 6. To take and hold any real or personal property, the clear yearly income or revenue of which shall not exceed the value of four thousand dollars : 7. To sell, mortgage, let, and otherwise use and dispose of such property for the benefit of the school : 8. To make all ordinances and by-laws necessary and proper to carry into efi«ct the preceding powers. § 21. If any trustee shall refuse or neglect to attend the stated meetings of the trustees for four meetings suc- cessively, the office of such trustee may be declared va^ cant by the trustees. § 22. The trustees of one or more common school dis- tricts in any city, town or village of this state, within which any incorporated Lancasterian or other select school is or shall be established, with the consent of a majority of the taxable inhabitants of such district or 'districts, expressed at a meeting called for that purpose, may agree with the trustees of such incorporated school to make the same a district school. § 23. Such incorporated school shall, during the con- tinuance of such agreement, become a district school, and be entitled to all the benefits and privileges, and subject to all the regulations of other district schools. § 24. Every school incorporated under the provisions BOARD OF EEGEXTS. 23 of this article shall be subject to the control and visita- tion of the regents ; and shall make such returns and reports in relation to the state and disposition of its property and funds, the number and ages of its pupils, and its system of instruction and discipline, as the regents shall from time to time require. 4. Genebal Protisioks Applicable to Colleges and Academies. § 25. No religious qualification or t«st shall be required from any trustee, president, principal, or other officer of any incorporated college or academy, or as a condition for admission to any privilege in the same. § 26. No professor or tutor of any incorporated college or academy, shall be a trustee of such college or aca- demy. § 27. No president of any such college, or principal of any such academy, who shall be a trustee, shall have a vote in any case relating to his own salary or emoluments. § 28. No president, principal, or other officer of any such college or academy, shall be a regent of the univer- sity. § 29. No trustee of a college or academy shall act as a regent of the university, and no regent of the university shall act as trustee of any college or academy ; and if any such trustee shall be appointed a regent, or a regent shall be appointed a trustee, he shall elect in which office he will serve, and give notice of such election to the author- ity by which he shall be appointed, within sixty days from the time of his appointment; otherwise such appoint- ment shall be void. 24 MANUAL OP THE CHAPTEK IV. ANNUAL REPORTS OF COLLEGES AND ACADEMIES AND THE DISTRIBUTION OP THE PUBLIC FUNDS. Sec. 1. Every college and academy that shall become subject to the visitation of the regents shall make such returns and reports to the regents, in relation to the state and disposition of its property and funds, the number and ages of its pupils, and its system of instruction and disci- pline, as the regents shall from time to time require. § 2. The regents shall prescribe the forms of all re- turns, which they shall require from colleges and other seminaries of learning, subject to their visitation; and may direct such forms, and such instructions, as from time to time shall be given by them as visitors, to be printed by the state printer. § 3. Every academy or institution of learning subject to the visitation of the regents, is hereby required as early as possible after the passage of this act, at a legal meeting of its trustees, to declare on its minutes the ter- mination of its academic year, which in all cases shall be some period between the twentieth day of June and the fifteenth day of September in each year, [imos of 1856, chap. 54.J § 4. Every academy shall make up its annual report for said academic year, and transmit the same to the regents on or before the first day of November in each year. \La'wi e/1855, chap. 50, § 2.] § 5. Every such report shall be attested by the oath either of the principal instructorin the seminary by which BOARD OF REGENTS. 2d t shall be made, or of one of the trustees thereof, and shall contain : 1. The names and ages of all the pupils instructed in mch seminary, during the preceding year, and the time that each was so instructed. 2. A particular statement of the studies, pursued by jach pupil at the commencement of his instruction, and Df his subsequent studies, until the date of the report, together with the books such student shall have studied in whole or in part; and if in part what portion. 3. An account or estimate of the cost or value of the library, philosophical and chemical apparatus, and mathe- matical and other scientific instruments, belonging to the seminary. 4. The names of the instructors employed in the semi- nary, and the compensation paid to each. 5. An account of the funds, income, debts and incum- brances, of the seminary, and of the application therein of the moneys last received from the regents. § 6. There shall be paid annually by the treasurer on bhe warrant of the comptroller, out of the revenues derived from the literature fund to the several academies under the supervision of the regents of the university, the sum of twelve thousand dollars, and the further sum of twenty- eight thousand dollars from the income of the United States deposit fund, being in all forty thousand dollars, according to an apportionment to be made by the regents among the said academies, in proportion to the number of pupils in each, who shall have pursued the requisite studies to enable them to share in such distribution. [Laws of 1851, chap. 536, § l.J 3 26 MANUAL OP THE § 7. Everysuch distribution shall bemade in proportion to the number of pupils in each seminary, who for four months during the preceding year shall have pursued therein classical studies, or the higher branches of English education, or both, § 8. No pupil in any such seminary shall be deemed to have pursued classical studies, unless he shall have ad- vanced at least so far as to have read in Latin the first book of the JEneid; nor to have pursued the higher branches of English education, unless he shall have advanced be- yond such knowledge of arithmetic, (including vulgar and decimal fractions,) and of English grammar and geogra- phy, as is usually obtained in common schools. § 9. All moneys received by any academy or other institu- tion, in the annual distribution of the literature and United States deposit funds, shall be applied exclusively, by the trustees of such academy or institution, towards paying the salaries of teachers. [Laws of 1859, cha-p. 252.] § 10. The regents shall, annually, within ten days of the opening of the session in each year, report to the legis- lature an abstract of all the returns made to them, em- bracing a general view of the particulars contained there- in; and shall also state in their report the distribution made by them, during the preceding year, of the income of the literature fund, the names of the seminaries shar- ing in such distribution, and the amount received by each. {Laws. 0/1855, cha'p. 50, § 3.] § 11. The regents of the university shall annually de- liver to the comptroller a schedule of the distribution of the income of the said literature fund, designating the several institutions entitled to a participation, and the BOARD OF REGENTS. 'I I amount awarded to each : which schedule shall be deliv- ered immediately after each annual distribution, and shall be authenticated by the signature of the chancellor and secretary of the said regents of the university, and their corporate seal, [iaics of 1832, chap. 8, § 3.] § 12. The comptroller shall di-aw his warrant on the treasurer, in favor of each institution, for the sum so awarded to it, and shall direct the manner in which the same shall be receipted and drawn from the treasury. [Ibul, § 4.J § 13. Xo academy shall hereafter be allowed to par- ticipate in the annual distribution of the literature fund, until the regents of the university shall be satisfied that a proper building has been erected and finished to fur- nish suitable and necessary accommodation for such school, and that such academy is furnished with a suita- ble library and philosophical apparatus, and that a proper preceptor has been and is employed for the instruction of the pupils at such academy; and further, that the regents shall, on being satisfied that such building, library and apparatus are sufficient for the purposes intended, and that the whole is of the value at least of twenty-five hun- dred dollars, permit such academy or school to place itself under the visitation of the regents, and thereafter to share in the distribution of the moneys above men- tioned, or any other of the literature fund in the manner now provided by law. The regents of the university may also admit to such distribution, and to any other of the literature fund, any incorporated school, or school founded and governed by any literary corporation other than theological or medical, in which the usual academic 28 MANUAL OP THE studies are pursued, and which shall have been in like manner subjected to their visitation and would in all other respects, were it incorporated as an academy, be entitled to such distribution. \_Laws o/1838, chap. 237, § 8.] § 14. It shall be the duty of the regents of the univer- sity to require of every academy receiving a distributive share of public money, under the preceding section, equal to seven hundred dollars per annum, to establish aud maintain in such academy a department for the instruc- tion of common school teachers, under the direction of the said regents, as a condition of receiving their distri- butive share of every such academy. [^Ibid, § 9.] § 15. Thereshallbepaidby the treasurer on the warrant of the comptroller, out of the income of the literature fund, to the regents of the university, three thousand dollars annually, to be assigned by them to such academies, subject to their visitation, for the purchase of text books, maps and globes, or philosophical or chemical apparatus, as may apply for a part of the money for that purpose, on the terms prescribed in the second section of chapter one hundred and forty of the laws of one thousand eight hundred and thirty-four. \_Laws o/185], chap. 536, § 3.] § 16. Such sum to any academy shall not exceed two hundred and fifty dollars in any one year, and no part shall be actually paid over, unless the trustees of the academy to which it is to be appropriated shall raise and apply an equal sum of money to the same object, [Chap. 140, § 2 0/1884.J BOAED or REGENTS. 29 CHAPTER Y. STATE XOKMAL SCHOOL, AND IXSTErCTIOX OF COMMON SCHOOL TEACHERS IX ACADEMIES. Sec. 1- The said school [.State Xomial School] shall be under the supervision, management and government of the superintendent of public instruction and the regents of the university. The said superintendent and regents shall; from time to time, make all needful rules and regu- lations, to fix the number and compensation of teachers and others to be employed therein ; to prescribe the preliminary examination, and the terms and conditions on which pupils shall be received and instructed therein; the number of pupils from the respective cities and counties, conformingas nearly as may be to the ratio of population ; and to provide in all things for the good government and management of the said school. They shall appoint a board consist- ing of five persons, of whom the said superintendent shall be one, who shall constitute an executive committee for the care, management and government of the said school under the rules and regulations prescribed as aforesaid; whose duty it shall be, from time to time, to make full and detailed reports to the said superintend- ent and regents, and, among other things, to recommend the rules and regulations which they deem nece.s.sary and proper for the said school. [Laics of 18J:8, chap. 3-8, §3.] § 2. The superintendent and regents shall annually transmit to the legislature a full account of their proceed- ings and expenditures of money under this act, together 80 MANUAL OP THE with a detailed report by said executive committee of the progress, condition and prospects of the school. [Ibid, §4.] § 3. The treasurer shall pay yearly on the warrant of the comptroller, out of the income of the United States deposit or literature funds, not otherwise appropriated, the sum of eighteen thousand dollars for instructioD in academies, in the science of common school teaching, un- der a course of study prescribed by the regents of the university, the same to be paid as follows, that is to say; to the trustees of all academies selected for that purpose by the regents of the university, in this state, the sum of ten dollars for each scholar, not to exceed twenty scholars in each academy, who shall have been in such academy instructed under a course prescribed by the regents of the university, during at least one-third of the academic year in the science of common school teaching, and a sum not exceeding three thousand dollars, portion of said eighteen thousand dollars, for instruction in such acade- mies in physiology and the laws of health, and such other special subjects as the regents of the university shall deem necessary to be taught on a uniform system in all the academies so selected as aforesaid, by a teacher or teachers to be appointed by the said regents ; the same to be paid to such teacher or teachers on the certificate of the said regents that the said uniform course of instruction has been given by such teacher or teachers under their direc- tions in conformity to the provisions of this act. \_Lawi 0/1864, chap. 556.] § 4. The comptroller shall not draw his warrant for any amount as above provided, until the trustees of such BOARD OF REGENTS. 31 academies shall have furnished to the regents of the uni- versity satisfactory evidence that the course prescribed, as aforesaid, has been thoroughly pursued by a class previously designated, and instructed as common school teachers, and who the said trustees believe intend in good faith to follow the said occupation; and said trustees shall have obtained a certificate thereof, and presented the same to the comptroller. [Laws o/1855, cJwp. ilO. § 2.] CHAPTEIl YI. STATE LIBRARY A>'D STATE CABINET OF NATURAL HISTORY. Sec. 1. The regents of the university of the state of New York are hereby constituted, and shall continue, the trustees of the state library. [Laws o/1844, chap. 255, §1.J § 2. The trustees hereby appointed shall have power from time to time to appoint a librarian to superintend and take care of said library, and to prescribe such rules and regulations for the government of the library as they shall think proper, and to remove the librarian at any time when they shall deem it expedient ; but for the purpose of removing or appointing a librarian, twelve of the said trustees shall be required to form a quorum. [Idem, §3.] § 3. The assistant librarian and messenger shall be ap- pointed by the trustees of the library. [Laios o/1848, chaj). 262, § 2.] 32 MANUAL OF THE § 4. The state library shall be kept open every day in the year, Sundays excepted, during such hours in each day as the trustees of the said library may direct. [Laws of 1844, chap. 255, § 5.] § 5. The librarian shall be constant in his personal at- tendance upon the library during the hours it shall be di- rected to be kept open, and shall perform such other duties as may be imposed by law or by the rules and reg- ulations which may be prescribed by the said trustees. [/tZe«i, § 6.] § 6. The acting trustees will from time to time give directions to the librarian in relation to the proper and safe keeping of the books, maps, charts, and other prop- erty belonging to the said library ; and may, by way of amercement for every violation or neglect of duty, sus- pend or deduct from his salary or emolument any part thereof, not exceeding half of it in any one year. l^Laws o/ 1840, cAajj. 381, §3.] § 7. The trustees of the state library may from time to time sell or exchange duplicate or imperfect books be- longing to the library, not necessary for the use thereof. [_Law8 0/1845, chap. 85, § 3.] § 8. It shall be the duty of the trustees of the state library annually to report to the legislature the manner in which the moneys by them received during the year preceding have been expended; together with a true and perfect catalogue of all the books, maps and charts which have been added to the library since the date of the last preceding annual report; and whether any, and if so, BOARD OF REGENTS. 33 what books, maps and charts have been lost; and, also, at the end of every five years, to report in like manner a full and perfect catalogue of all the books, maps and charts then remaining in the library. [^Laics of 1844, choj>. 255, § 7 ] § 9. It shall be the duty of the trustees to provide, in their regulations, that any member of the senate or assem- bly, during the session of the legislature, the senate only, shall be permitted, under proper restrictions, for- feitures and penalties, to take to his boardinghouse or private room any book belonging to the library, except such books as the trustees shall determine are necessary always to be kept in the library as books of reference; but no member of the legislature shall be permitted to take or detain from the library more than two volumes at any one time. [R.S. Part 1, chaj). 8, iifh 8, § C] § 10. Before the president of the senate, or the speaker of the assembly, shall grant to any member a certificate of the time of his attendance, he shall be satisfied that such member has returned all books taken out of the li- brary by him, and has settled all accounts for fines for in- juring such books or otherwise. [^Idem, § 7.] § 11. It shall also be the duty of the trustees to pro- vide in their regulations that no book, map, or other publication shall be at any time taken out of the library by any other person than a member of the legislature, for any purpose whatever. [JtZem, § 8.] § 12. The heads of the several departments, and the trustees of the state library, shall have the same right 34 MANUAL OF THE to take books from the library, as is now enjoyed by members of the legislature, [irtias o/ 1845, chap. 85, §1.J § 13. The judges of the court of appeals, and the justices of the supreme court, shall be allowed to take books from the library under the same regulations as the members of the legislature. \^Lairs of 1848, chap. 262, §3.] § 14. Theregentsoftheuniversity are hereby authorized and directed to make suitable provisions for the safe keeping of the cabinets of natural history now deposited in the old State Hall, and to employ a person to take charge of the same. ILaws 0/1845, chap. 179, § 1.] § 15. The hall for the state cabinet of natural his- tory and the agricultural museum, is placed under the joint care and custody of the regents of the university and the executive committee of the state agricultural society. [Laws o/1863, chap. 135.] BOARD OF REGENTS. 35 OEDIXAXGES OF THE EEGEXTS. CHAPTEK I. INCORPORATION OF COLLEGES. 1. When any application is or shall be made to the re- gents for the incorporation of a college under the 6th sec- tion of the act of the legislature, passed the 5th day of April, 1813, entitled "An act relating to the University'' (or chap. 184 of the lav:s oy 1853, entitled an act relative to the incorporation of colleges and academics), the appli- cants will be required to satisfy the regents that suitable buildings for the use of the college will be provided, and that funda to the amount of one hunrTred tlwvMiad dollars, with which it is intended to found and provide for such college, have been paid or secured to be paid by valid sub- scriptions of re.sponsible parties or otherwise. And in case the regents .shall approve of .said applica- tion, and the amount aforesaid shall not be invested for the use of said college, either in bonds and mortgages on unincumbered lands within this state, worth at least double the amount so .secured therein, or in stocks of this state or the United States, at their market value at the time of the investment, or in the bonds or certificates of stocks legally issued by some incorporated city of this state, at the par value, or in any one or more of the securities above enumerated, a charter shall be granted for the incorpora- 36 MANUAL OP THE tion of such college, for a term of five years, with a con- dition or proviso therein, that if within the said term of five years, the trustees of said college shall present to the regents satisfactory evidence that they have invested for the use of said college, funds amounting to not less than one hundred thousand dollars, in the manner herein before mentioned, the charter shall be perpetual. CHAPTER II. INCORPORATION OF ACADEMIES. [Academies are incorporated: 1. With absolute char- ters. 2. With provisional charters founded on endow- ments by donation. 3. With provisional charters founded on joint stock. The requirements for an absolute charter are an academy lot and building of the value of at least two thousand dollars. A library of the value of at least one hundred and fifty dollars. A philosophical apparatus of the value of at least one hundred and fifty dollars. The requirements for a provisional charter are a good and valid subscription to the amount of at least two thou- sand and five hundred dollars. A provisional charter will be declared absolute whenever it shall appear that a suit- able building has been erected and a philosophical appa- ratus and library have been procured, and a school proper- ly organized.] § 1. Noacademywillbereceivedunderthe visitation of the regents, so as to entitle it to share in the distribution of BOARD OF REGENTS. 87 the funds granted to academies, unless it appears that the academy lot andhuildings. and the library and philosophi- cal apparatus which it may own, have been fully paid for; or unless it appears that such lot and buildings, library and apparatus, are of the value of five thousand dollars or upwards, and that the debts of such academy do not exceed oce-third of the amount of the value thereof; and in such case it may be so received, but only on condition that it shall annually thereafter pay the interest of such debt, and at least five per cent of the principal thereof, until such debt be wholly paid and extinguished ; and that on the omission of any such annual payment of interest and principal, or any part thereof, it shall, during such omission, cease to have any claim to share in the dis- tribution of such funds. Nor will the regents incorpo- rate any academy unless it appears that the academy lot and buildings, and the library and philosophical apparatus have been fully paid for, unless the value of such lot, buildings, library and philosophical apparatus shall be five thousand dollars or upwards, and the amount of the debts of such academy shall not exceed one-third of such value; and in any such case the charter will be granted only on the condition that the interest upon, and at least five per cent of the principal of its debts, shall be paid annually until the whole debt be paid and extinguished; and that any omission to make any such annual payment of interest and principal shall, in the discretion of the regents, bar it of all right to par- ticipate in the distribution of said fund. All academies heretofore provisionally chartered upon condition that they should not be entitled to share in the distribution of 4 38 MANUAL OF THE the fund granted to academies until their debts should be fully paid, upon duo proof bringing them within these provisions, may have the full benefit thereof, in the same manner, and to the same extent, as though their charters were upon the conditions hereinbefore prescribed, and their charters "shall be taken, and are hereby declared to be amended accordingly. \_Ordinance of Jan. 15, 1856.] § 2. Everyapplicationtotheregentsof theuniversityfor an absolute charter for the incorporation of an academy founded on the endowment of property already possessed by the applicants, and every application of an academy, incorporated by the legislature, to become subject to the visitation of the regents, shall set forth, with all practi- cable precision, and in such form as is or shall be pre- scribed by the regents, a particular statement showing 1st. The extent, general description, title and value of the ground on which the academy edifice is erected, or which is used for its accomodation at the time of ma- making such application. 2d. The dimensions, general description, and value of the buildings erected on such ground for the use or ac- comodation of such academy, at the time last aforesaid. 3d. An inventory or catalogue of all the books and ar- ticles of philosophical or other apparatus belonging to such academy, with a just and fair estimate of their value, at the time last above referred to. 4th. A particular statement of all incumbrances on such academic property, or on any part thereof, at the time last above mentioned — it being the intention of the regents to require every academy subject to their visita- tion, to own and possess such property to the value of at BOARD or REGENTS. 39 least two thousand five hundred dollars, over and above all incumbrances thereon, as a condition on which such academy will be allowed to receive a distributive share of the moneys belonging to the literature fund. §3. And to the end that the regents may be the better en- abled to ascertain the true value of such academic gi-ounds, buildings and apparatus, at the time of making such ap- plication, the said statements shall also set forth and show, when and how the title to such ground, library and apparatus was first acquired, and if acquired by pur- chase, what the original or first cost thereof was; and also, when such buildings were erected, enlarged or other- wise improved, of what materials they are constructed, with the original or first cost of such buildings or im- provements; also, the state or condition of such academic property, at the time of making such report or applica- tion, in respect to its repair or fitness for use ; and if the same be not in good repair, wherein, and how long it has been out of repair, and the probab'e cost of putting it in good repair, together with such other matters as may be found to influence in any respect the value of such prop- erty. That it shall be the duty of the trustees of every such academy, previous to making their said application as required by this ordinance, to submit the evidences of their title to the ground occupied for their academic buildings, to some person of the degree of counselor at law in the supreme court, for his examination and to ob- tain from him a certificate in writing, stating his exami- nation of the title submitted to him, with his opinion as to the nature and validity of such title, and stating, also, that he has caused the ordinary searches to be made for 40 MANUAL OF THE incumbrances on such property, with the result of such searches; which said certificate shall be transmitted by the said trustees, together with their said application, to the said regents. 1853. Oct. 20. § 4. Any college, academy, or institution of learning, de- sirous of obtaining amendments to, or alterations in its charter, shall give notice of its intended application to the regents for the same at least six weeks successively, immediately before said application is presented, in a newspaper published at or near the city, town or village in which said college, academy or institution of learning may be situated, and in the state paper. Duly authenti- cated proof of said publication to be filed with the re- gents of the university. [1853, June 10.] FOUMS OF APPLICATION TO THE REGENTS OF THE UuiVEKSITT FOR THE INCORPOKATION OF AN ACADEMY. I. For incorporation with an absolute charter when the ground has been procured, the buildings erected and library and apparatus provided : To the RegenU of the University of the Slate of N^ev: York: The application of the subscribers, inhabitants of &c., respectfully represents, That being desirous to found an academy at &c., they have, for that purpose, (together with others, if the fact be so,) procured a suitable lot, erected a suitable building thereon, and sup- plied it with a suitable library and apparatus, for the accommodation of such academy, as will appear by the following description. 1. Gkound for Ac-iDEMT Buildings. The lot of ground on which the buildings of said BOARD OF REGENTS 41 academy stand, or which is to be used for its accommoda- tion, consists of [here state the quantity, either in acres or parts of acres, or the number of feet in breadth and depth.] The lot of ground was purchased in the year , for S ; or it was given to the academy in the year [as the case may be.] There were then no improvements on it, [or if there were any, describe them; state the title to the ground, whether in perpetuity, or for a term of years, and if it be subject to a ground rent, state amount, &c. Give a general description of all im- provements (except buildings) made on it. After giving all such and similar data on which estimates of value depend, state the present value of the ground, including fences, ornamental trees, and all other improvements, except buildings.] 2. Academy Buildings. The buildings erected on the ground above described, and to be used for the accommodation of the academy, consist of [here describe the principal buildings, with their dimensions; state when and of what materials they were originally built, or have been since enlarged or im- proved; give a general description of their internal divis- ions, fitness or convenience for use, &c., with a statement of the original or first cost of the buildings, and of all additions or improvements thereto, so far as the same can be ascertained. Then state their present condition as to their being in or out of repair, and if out of repair, what will be the probable cost of putting them in good repair. After giving all such and similar data on which estimates of value depend, state the present actual value of such buildings.J 42 MANUAL OF THE 8. Academy Libkaby. The following is a catalogue of all the books belonging to said proposed academy, with the original or first cost, (so far as it can be ascertained.) and the present value of each book. [Proceed with the catalogue in the following form.] Tille or name of books arranged according to Number of Original catalogue. Toiumes. coat. [Give the total of each column.] Present valDe. Give a general description of the condition of the books in the library in respect to their being new or old, in good order or worn, &o. 4. Philosophical Appakaths. The following is an inventory of all the articles of philo- sophical or other apparatus at the date of this application with the original or first cost, (so far as can be ascer- tained,) and the present value of each article; [here pro- ceed with the inventory, including in it, besides what is strictly and technically philosophical and chemical appa- ratus, all instruments used in, or illustrative of any of BOARD or REGENTS. 43 the arts or sciences, and any collection in geology and ^ mineralogy, and in natural history.] DcBcription or name of each article. Preeent value. State the totals, and give a general description of the con- dition of the apparatus in respect to its being new or old, in good order or injured, &c. 5. Title of Propeett, IscrMBHAXCES, &c. The evidences of title to the property described in the preceding sections of this report, have been submitted to of, who is a counselor at law in the supreme court, whose certificate in writing, as to the nature and validity of said title, accompanies this report.* The said property is free from all incumbrances, [if such be the case, or if there be any incumbrances on it, state the general amount of them, and refer to certificate of said counsel for particulars, &c.] * The certificate of counsel must state his examination of the title submitted to him, with his opinion as to the nature and validity of such title, and also, that he has caused the ordinary searches to be made for incumbrances on such property, with the result of such searches. 44 MANUAT, OF THE 6. Othee Academic Ppopeett. The property of the proposed academy, other than the academy lot, buildings, library and apparatus above de- scribed, consists of, [here describe the property in the most general terms, such as the following:] Bonds and mortgages, notes and subscriptions, con- sidered good, 8 Eeal estate, consisting of, Total, $ 7. Debts. The debts contracted on account of the academy now asked to be incorporated, and which remain unpaid at the date of this application, amount to $ 8. Summary Statements. The total value of all the academic property above described, is as follows : Value of lot for academy buildings, j Value of buildings thereon, Value of library, Value of philosophical apparatus, Total value of lot, buildings, library and appa- ratus, ; I Deduct for incumbrances'and debts, if any, thereon. Balance of value over and above all incumbrances, and debts. Add for other academic property, Total value of the whole, i BOARD OF REGENTS. 45 And the said subscribers further represent, that they have contributed more than one-half in value of the prop- erty collected for the use of said academy, as herein before set forth ; that they are desirous to have the said academy incorporated, by the name of [here state the name, which it is desirable should be descriptive of the place where the academy is;] and to that end they hereby nominate the following named persons to be the first trustees of said academy: The said subscribers do therefore hereby make apjilica- tion to the regents of the university for the incorporation of the persons above nominated as the first trustees of said academy hy the name above specified; [here follow the signatures of the subscribers, which must be in their own proper handwriting.] AtJTHEXTICATION OF APPLICATION. The preceding application was submitted to a meeting of the subscribers held by them on the day of at which meeting the following named persons were present, [state names,] and having been read and ap- proved, it was duly adopted as the application of said meeting, and ordered (after being verified by the oath of the chairman or presiding ofiicer) to be transmitted to the regents of the university, pursuant to their ordi- nance in such case made and provided. All of which is hereby done in obedience to said order this day of A. B., Chairman or Presiding Ofiicer. Affidavit above Refebbed to. County of is. — A. B. being duly sworn (or af- firmed, as the case maybe,) deposeth and saith, that he 46 MANUAL OP THE was the chairman or presiding officer of the meeting, held as above stated, of contributors to the proposed academy ; that he is acquainted with the contents of said application, and that the statement of facts therein set forth is in all respects true to the best of his knowledge, information and belief A. B. Sworn before me this day of FoEM OF ChAETEE GRANTED OK THE PKECEDIKG APPLICATION. University of the State of New York. By the Regents of the University of the State of New York: Whereas, and others, by an instrument in writing under their hands, bearing date the day of in the year 18 , after stating that they had contributed more than one half in value of the real and personal property and estate collected or appropriated for the use and benefit of the Academy erected at the of in the county of did make application to us the said Regents, in the form and manner required by law, and the ordinances of us the said Regents in that behalf, that the said Academy might be incorporated by the name of and that might be the first trustees of the said Academy, and it having been made to appear to our satisfaction, that the said academy is endowed with suitable academic build- ings, library and philosophical apparatus of the value of at least two thousand five hundred dollars, and con- ceiving the said academy calculated for the promotion of literature, We the said Regents do, by these presents, BOARD OF REGENTS. 47 pursuant to the Statute in such case made and provided, signify our approbation of the incorporation of the trus- tees of the said academy, by the aforesaid name of and that the same shall be subject to the visitation of us and of our successors, as provided by law. On Condition, however, that the said endowment shall never be dimi- nished in value below two thousand five hundred dollars, and that the same shall never be applied to purposes other than for public academic instruction, lu Witness Whereof, we have caused our common seal to be hereunto affixed, and the names of our Chancellor and Secretary to be hereunto subscribed, the day of in the year one thousand eight hundred and [l. s] Chancellor. Secretary. II. For a provisional incorporation, to facilitate the purchase of a site for an academy, and the erection of the necessary buildings and for the organization of a proper course of instruction. 1. With a capital stock pursuant to chapter 544 ot laws of 1851, and chapter 184 of laws of 1853. To the Regents of the University of the State of New York : The petition of the undersigned, inhabitants of the in the county of Respectfully represent : That they are desirous to found an academy in the in the county of with a capital stock of dollars, to be divided into shares of dollars each, pursuant to the act, chapter 544 of laws of 1851, and the act, chapter 184 of the laws of 1853, and that subscriptions to the said capital stock have been procured 48 MANUAL OF THE to the amount of dollars, as will appear by the list of said subscriptions, a copy whereof is hereto an- nexed, from which it also appears that your petitioners are the subscribers for more than one-half of the said amount. That at least ten per cent of the amount subscribed has been paid by or for each subscriber in cash, and is now held by your petitioners on their behalf, for the purposes of the incorporation herein prayed for. That all the said subscriptions are, as your petitioners believe, made in good faith and by parties who have the ability to pay the amount subscribed by them respectively. That your pe- titioners are desirous that the said academy may be incor- porated by the name of and that they do hereby nominate the following persons as the first trustees thereof: The undersigned do therefore request the regents to in- corporate the persons above nominated as the first trustees of the said academy by the name above mentioned. It being distinctly declared and understood by your peti- tioners, that the said incorporation is now asked for to fa- cilitate the purchase of a site for the said academy and the erection of the necessary buildings therefor, and for the commencement and organization of a proper course of instruction therein ; and that if a proper building for the purposes of the said academy shall not be provided and erected, and a suitable course of instruction be organized within two years from the granting of the charter prayed for, and a report of the same made by the said trustees or their successors to the said regents, containing all the par- BOAED OF REGENTS. ^^ ticulars required in the case of an application for grant- ing a charter to an academy already endowed with suffi- cient academic property, that then, at any time thereafter, the said charter, on a declaration to that eflfeot to be made by the said regents, on their minutes on evidence satisfac- tory to them, shall become and be absolutely void; and on the further understanding, that the said academy is not to be entitled to any part of the funds which may by law, from time to time, be distributed to or divided among the incorporated academies of the state, arising from the in- come of the literature fand or otherwise, until the said capital stock shall have been fully paid in, and until a suitable academy building shall have been erected or pro- cured therefor, and a library and philosophical apparatus obtained of the character and value required by the ordi- nances of the regents. The following is a copy of the subscription list above referred to. [Here follow the signatures of subscribers in their own proper hand-writing.] Affidavit. County of «s ; A, B, C, (three at least) signers to the above application, being duly sworn, (or affirmed, as the case may be) de- pose and say, that they are acquainted with the contents of the preceding application, and that the statement of facts therein set forth, is in all respects true, to the best of their knowledge, information and belief, that they be- lieve the said snbscripHon to be a valid one, and that the 5 50 MANUAL or THE application is made in good faith for the purposes therein stated. (Signed,) A. " B. C. Sworn before me, this day of } FoEM OP Chartee geanted on the preceding Application. University of the State of New York. By the Regents of the University of the State of New York : Whereas, and others, have in due form made application in writing, under their hands, to the said Regents, representing that they are desirous to found an Academy in the in the county of with a capital stock of dollars, to be divided into shares of dollars each, as authorized by law, and that they, the said applicants, are the subscribers for more than half of the said amount, and requesting that the said Academy may be incorporated by the name of and nominating the following persons as first Trustees thereof: And the said Regents having considered the said application, do hereby, pursu- ant to the authority vested in them by law, declare their approbation of the incorporation of the persons in that behalf above named as Trustees of the said Academy, by the aforesaid name of and do hereby incorpo- rate the said Academy accordingly, with the capital stock above mentioned, and subject to the visitation of the said Regents, and of their successors, as provided by law. On condition, however, that the said capital stock shall not be diminished in amount, and that the same shall BOARD OF REGENTS. 51 never be applied to purposes other than for public academ- ic instruction. And on the further condition and under- standing, that if a proper building for the purposes of the said Academy shall not be provided or erected, and a suitable course of instruction be organized therein, within two years from the date hereof, and a report of the same be made by the said Trustees or their successors, to the said Regents, containing the particulars in that behalf, required by their ordinances, that then, at any time thereafter, this charter, on a declaration to that eflFect to be made by the said Regents on their minutes, on evidence satisfactory to them, shall become absolutely void. And it is also further expressly understood, that the said Academy is not to be entitled to any part of the funds which may by law be distributed to or divided among the incorporated Academies of this State, arising from the income of the Literature Fund, or otherwise, until the said capital stock- shall have been fully paid in, and until a suitable Academy building shall have been erected or procured, and a Library and Philosophical apparatus obtained for the said Academy, of the character and value required by law and the ordinances of the said Regents, and until also it shall satisfactorily appear to the said Regents that their ordi- nance in regard to the debts of Academies, passed January 15, 1857, has been fully complied with. In Witness Whereof, the said Regents have hereto caused their common seal to be afiSxed, and their Chancellor and Secretary to subscribe their names, this day of in the year one thousand eight hundred and [l. s.] Chancellor. Secretary. 52 MANUAL OF THE 2. For a provisional incorporation founded on dona- tions or endowments not in form of capital stock. To the Regents oftJie University of the State of New York : The petition of the undersigned, inhabitants of the in the county of Respectfully represents : That they are desirous to found an academy in the county of and that for the endowment of such academy, subscriptions have been obtained to the amount of dollars, as will appear by a copy of the subscription list hereunto annexed, and from which it also appears that your petitioners have contribu- ted more than one-half of the said amount thus sub- scribed. That at least ten per cent of the amount sub- scribed has been paid by or for each subscriber in cash, and is now held by your petitioners or on their behalf, for the purposes of the incorporation herein prayed for. That all the said subscriptions are, as your petitioners be- lieve, made in good faith and by parties who have the ability to pay the amount subscribed by them respectively, and that no other property has been contributed or col- lected for the said academy. That your petitioners re- quest that the said academy may be incorporated by the name of and they do hereby nominate the fol- lowing persons as the first trustees thereof: The undersigned do therefore request the regents to in- corporate the persons above nominated as the first trus- tees of the said academy by the name above mentioned. It being distinctly declared and understood by your peti- BOARD OF REGENTS. 53 tioners that the said incorporation is now asked for to fa- cilitate the purchase of a site for the said academy and the erection of the necessary buildings therefor, and for the commencement and organization of a proper course of in- struction therein; and that if a proper building for the purposes of the said academy shall not be provided or erected, and a suitable course of instruction be organized within two years from the granting of the charter prayed for, and a report of the same be made by the said trustees to the said regents, containing all the particulars required in the case of an application for the incorporation of an academy by the said regents, that then at any time there- after, the said charter, on a declaration to that effect to be made by the said regents on their minutes, on evidence satisfactory to them, shall become and be absolutely void ; and on the further understanding, that the said academy is not to be entitled, to any part of the funds which may by law, from time to time, be distributed to or divided among the incorporated academies of the state, arising from the income of the literature fund or otherwise, until at least two thousand five hundred dollars shall have been paid in or contributed towards founding and establishing the same, and until a suitable academy building shall have been erected or procured therefor, and a library and philosophical apparatus obtained of the character and value required by the ordinances of the regents. The following is a copy of the subscription list above referred to. [Here follow the signatures of the petitioners who have contributed as above, in their own proper hand- writing.] 54 MANUAL OF THE Affidavit. County of ss : A, B, C, [three at least] signers of the above applica- tion, being duly sworn, [or affirmed as the case may be] depose and say, that they are acquainted with the contents of the .preceding application, and that the statement of facts therein set forth, is in all respects true, to the best of their knowledge, information and belief; that they believe the said subscription to be a valid one, and that the application is made in good faith for the purposes therein stated. (Signed,) A. B. C. Sworn before me -i this day of J [If any donations, other than in money, have been made to the academy, such as a lot for the site of the building, &c., &c., the fact should be stated in the application, and the property described, and the value thereof, and the foregoing form should be altered to conform to the circum- stances.] The form of charter on this application is mainly the same as the preceding. III. Form of- application of an academy already incor- porated by the legislature, to become subject to the visit- ation of the regents of the university. To the Regents of the Universiti/ of the State of New Yorh : The trustees of academy, established at respectfully represent that they were incorporated by the * BOARD OF REGENTS. 55 legislature on the day of A. D. 18 ; that they are desirous to become subject to the visitation of the regents of the university, to enable them to partici- pate in the distribution of the moneys belonging to the literature fund, pursuant to the statute in such case made and provided ; and to that end they hereby subject the said academy to the visitation of the said regents, to the same extent and in the same manner as if they had been ori- ginally incorporated by them; and the said trustees here- with submit the following statement of the condition of their institution on the date of this application, in respect to the several subject matters required to be embraced [Here adopt the form given in page 40 et seq., observing the fact that as in one case there is an application for an incorporation, and in the other the academy is already incorporated, it is necessary to use terms conformable to the respective cases.] IV. Form of application of the board of education of a union school to subject their academical department to the visitation of the regents of the university. To the Regents of the University of the State of Kev) York : The undersigned, constituting the board of education, or the trustees of the union school of respectfully represent : That said union school has been established under the provisions of chapter of the laws of ; that an academical department has been organized and is in operation in said school; that the said academical depart- 56 MANUAL OF THE ment is taught in the building appropriated to said school, (or if a separate building has been provided let it be so stated) ; that a suitable library and apparatus have been provided, as will more fully appear by the following de- scription ; [here describe grounds and buildings and give catalogue of library and apparatus, as directed in the form of application for the incorporation of an academy proper.] The undersigned do therefore hereby make application to the regents of the university, that the said academical department may be received under their visitation, accord- ing to the provisions of law in such case made and pro- vided. [To be signed by the members of the board of education.] Authentication of Application. County of ss: being duly sworn deposes and says that he is president of the board of edu- cation of that he is well acquainted with the facts set forth in the preceding application to the regents of the university, and that the same are in all respects tru3, to the best of his knowledge and belief. Subscribed and sworn before ^ me this day of V in the year 186 J BOARD or REGEKT8. 57 CHAPTER III. THE ANXKAL REPORTS OF ACADEMIES. 1. As TO THE FINASCIAL COXDITIOX OF ACADEMIES. Sec. 1. The trustees of every academy incorporated by the regents or subject to their visitation, shall, in every annual report to the regents, either make and transmit a full statement of all the academic property then belonging to them in the manner required by the form of applica- tion for incorporation, or in lieu thereof, state whether such property remains in all respects the same as at the time of making any previous statement thereof, to be particularly referred to by them, or whether the same has been increased or diminished in quantity, enhanced or depreciated in value, and to what extent, or has in any other and what respect, undergone any and what change, since the time of making such previous statement — showing in all cases the true value of such property at the time of making such report as aforesaid; and it is hereby made the duty of the trustees of every such acad- emy, at or near the close of the year for which every such report is made to cause all the books and articles of appa- ratus then actually possessed by them, to be compared with the original catalogues or inventories thereof, (to be always preserved for that purpose,) to ascertain whether any of their books or articles of apparatus have been lost, destroyed or damaged beyond the ordinary wear and tear thereof from necessary use, and to state in every such re- port whether such duty has been discharged, and whether any, and if any, what part of their books and apparatus shall on such comparison be found to be lost, destroyed 58 MANUAL OF THE or damaged as aforesaid, and through whose act, omission or neglect such loss or damage shall have happened. § 2. Every academy subject to the visitation of the re- gents of the university, and claiming a distributive share of the income of the literature fund, shall annually on or before the first day of November, make and transmit to the regents (so that the same may be received by their secretary on or before that day), a report in writing, in such form as shall be prescribed, exhibiting a full view of its state and condition, at the close of its academic year, in respect to the following particulars, viz : Condition and value of its academic lot and buildings : Condition and value of its library and philosophical apparatus. Kind and value of its other property. Title of its property. Incumbrances and debts. General cash account. Annual revenue and expenditures. Amount of money received by it from the regents of the university since its last annual report, and how the same has been expended. And also in respect to all such other matters as shall be required by the said regents to be reported on in the form prescribed by them. 2. As TO THE LiTEEART AND SCIENTIFIC CONDITrON OF ACADE- MIES. § 3. The report required as above, shall also contain the number and names of its teachers, and the annual salary or compensation allowed to each; the age of such teachers; the time each has been engaged in teaching; BOARD or REGENTS 59 the general course of study pursued preparatory to teach- ing; and whether the business of teaching is pursued as a permanent or a temporary employment. The whole number of pupils, including classical and all others, who have been taught during each of the aca- demic term^ of the year. The whole number of pupils who have been taught during the whole or any part of the academic year for which the report is made. The number of pupils belonging to the academy at the date of its report, or who belonged to it during part of the year, ending on the date thereof, and who are claimed by the trustees to have pursued for four months of said year or upwards, classical studies, or the higher branches of English education, or both, according to the form to be from time to time prescribed . § 4. The said report shall also contain, or have appended or annexed to it, a true catalogue or list of all the students belonging to the academy at the date of its report, or during part of the year ending on the date of its report, who are claimed by its trustees to be such classical scholars, or such scholars in the higher branches of English edu- cation or both, and to have pursued their studies for such length of time as to entitle the academy to which they belong, to a distributive share of the income of the litera- ture fund, in which said catalogue or list shall be insert- ed the name and age of each student chimed to be such scholar as aforesaid, together with a specification of the different studies pursued by such student, and the length of time the same were pursued in each quarter or term of the year ejiding on the date of said report, by recita- 60 MANUAL OF THE tions of ordinary frequency and in the ordinary way, de- signating said studies by the ordinary name or title of the book or treatise on the subject so studied, and designat- ing also the part or portion of the book or treatise so stu- died: The said report shall be properly authenticated and verified by the affidavit of the president of the trustees, and of the principal of the academy. CHAPTEK TV. EXAMINATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SCHOLARS AND THE DISTHIBtTTION OF THE LITERATURE FUND. Sec. 1. The scholars in every academy subject to the visitation of the regents of the university, shall be divided into two classes, to be denominated preparatory and aca- demic. Preparatory scholars shall be those who pursue studies preliminary to the higher branches of English edu- cation ; and academic scholars, those who, having passed the examination in preliminary studies hereinafter pro-r vided for, shall pursue the higher branches of English education, or the classics, or both. § 2. At the close of each academic term, a public ex- amination shall be held of all scholars presumed to have completed preliminary studies. This examination shall be conducted in the presence, and under the direction of a committee of at least three persons, to be appointed by the trustees of the academy. A record of the names and ages of all scholars who have successfully passed such examination shall be kept, with the date at which it was BOARD OF EEGENTS. 61 held. To each scholar who has sustained such examina- tion, a certificate shall be given in such form as the regents shall prescribe, to be signed by the committee abo\ e re- ferred to, and the principal of the academy, and the pos- session of such certificate shall entitle the person holding it, to admission into the academic class in any academy subject to the visitation of the regents, without furthur examination. § 3. Scholars admitted to any academy who have not received the certificates of examination as aforesaid, and who claim or are presumed to be academic scholars, shall within one week of such admission be examined by the principal and other teachers of the academy, and if found to have completed the preliminary studies, shall be pro- visionally admitted to the academic class; but such ad- mission shall not excuse such scholar from the examina- tion above required at the close of the term, and the certificate as aforesaid, shall be given only on such exam- ination : but said certificate may have effect as if given at the commencement of the term, provided the commit- tee shall be satisfied that the scholar to whom it is given was at that time entitled to it. ^— § 4. Every scholar to be entitled to the certificate of admission to the academic class, as aforesaid, shall on the required examination be found to have attained such pro- ficiency in reading, spelling and writing, as is usually attained by scholars of the age of twelve years in the best common schools of the state, and to have such knowledge of arithmetic, English grammar, and geography, that the further study of these subjects in any of the ordinary school treatises is unnecessary. ; — 6 62 MANUAL OF THE § 5. All scholars admitted to the academic class as afore- said, shall be regarded as scholars in the higher branches of English education or as classical scholars; and having after such admission pursued studies usually regarded as in advance of arithmetic, English grammar, and geogra- phy, as aforesaid, or having become thoroughly proficient in the elementary works usually studied prior to the class- ics, and in addition thereto having studied the first book of Virgil, or its equivalent in Caesar, Sallust, or Cicero, shall entitle the academy to which they belong to a share in the distribution of the literature fund, provided they have pursued such studies for four months or upwards, of the year for which the distribution is made; the said four months to embrace at least thirteen full weeks of study. [July 27, 1864.] §6. The apportionment or distribution of the income of the literature fund among academies, is made by the re- gents of the university, at their annual meetingin January. Soon after the apportionment is made, it is published in the state paper for the time being, and certified by the chancellor and secretary of the university to the comp- troller, on whose warrant the amount apportioned to each academy will be paid by the treasurer of the state, on drafts or orders therefor drawn on him by^the trea- surers of the several academies; such drafts or orders being accompanied by a proper certificate from the pre- sident or secretary of the academy, under its corporate seal, that the person signing the draft is the treasurer of the academy, duly appointed by the trustees thereof. The draft must be in the following form. To the Treasurer of the State of New-Tork : Pay to or order, the amount of money appor- BOARD OF REGENTS. 63 tioned or to be apportioned during the present year, to academy, by the regents of the university, out of the income of the literature fund. Dated, &c. A. B. Treasurer of Academy. State or New- York, ) County of j It is hereby certified that A. B., the person signing the above draft or order, is the trea- surer of academy, above named, duly appointed by the trustees thereof; and that the said draft was duly signed by him. In witness whereof, the corporate seal of said academy is hereon impressed, this day of, &c. [l. S.] C. D., President or Secretary {as the case may be) of Academy. If there be no seal o:^ the academy, that fact should be stated in the certificate. § 7. No part of the revenue of the literature fund, to be assigned to any academy or school for the purchase of text books, maps and globes or philosophical or che- mical apparatus, shall be paid over to such academy or school, until the trustees thereof shall certify and de- clare under their corporate seal, that the money re- quired to be raised and applied by them for the said purposes, has been raised by contribution, donation, or from other sources independent of their own corporate property, that the said money has been so raised or con- tributed with the express view of applying for and re- ceiving a like sum from the regents for the purposes aforesaid, and that the same has been actually paid 1 their treasurer, and is held by him to be applied 64 MANUAL OP THE for the purpose above mentioned, designating such purpose by specifying the particular books, maps and articles of apparatus proposed to be purchased by them, and classifying them as taken from the list or cata- logue of the regents or not. §.8. Whenever (but not oftener than once a year) the trustees of any such academy or school, shall pre- sent to the regents, the certificate required by the pre- ceding section, in the form hereafter prescribed, and the matters contained therein be satisfactory to them, they, the said regents, will appropriate a sum of money equal to what shall appear from said certificate to have been raised for the purpose therein specified, not however er to exceed the sum of two hundred and fifty dollars. § 9. The money so raised and granted shall be ap- plied in the purchases specified in such certificate, but the regents reserve the right to disapprove of a part or the whole of said proposed purchases, and to designate and direct what may be purchased in lieu thereof or of part thereof, notice of the articles so to be designated and substituted to be given to said trustees. § 10. Whenever any appropriation shall thus be made by the regents it shall be the duty of the chancellor and secretary of the university to certify the same to the comptroller of the state, that the same may be paid by him according to the statute in such case made and pro- vided. § 11. Such appropriations do not apply to the sums of money required for the endowment of an academy, viz. $150 for the purchase of a library and $150 for the purchase of an apparatus. BOAKD OF EEGINTS. 65 § 12. Contributions of books, minerals &c., shall not be considered as a sufficient compliance with the above re- quirements; but the contributions shall be in actual money. § 13. The term " text-book, " contained in the above re- cited act, is construed to include all standard books, whether designed for use as class or text-books or other- wise. § 14. Every academy to which moneys shall be grant- ed, for the purchase of books and apparatus, is hereby required to report to the regents, in its next annual re- port, presented after said grant, the full and complete expenditure of all moneys, both raised and granted, for the above purpose, and until it does so account, the re- gents will withhold the amount unaccounted for, from the respective share of each academy, in the distribution of the revenue of the literature and United States de- posit funds. Nor will the regents make any new appro- priation to such academy, unless the abovs requisition has been fully complied with. § 15. Whenever there shall be applications to this board for appropriations of money to purchase books and apparatus, and there shall not be a sufficient amount on hand to grant all such applications, the preference shall be given to those academies which shall, at the time, have received the least amount from the literature fund for that purpose. 16. The appropriations directed by this ordinance shall be made at the annual meeting of the regents in January; and if the sum appropriated by the legislature for this purpose, is not exhausted by the applications at 66 MANUAL OF THE that meeting, then future applications may be acted on at the semi-annual meeting in July or August. Oct. 20, 1853. § 17. Applications for money to purchase books and apparatus must be in the following form : To the Regents of the University of the State of New Yorlc : " The trustees of academy respectfully represent that they have raised, or caused to be raised, the sum of dollars, to be applied to the purchase of books and apparatus, pursuant to the statute in such case made and provided; that the said sum has been raised by donations or contributions from sources independent of their own corporate property; that the same has been actually paid to their treasurer and is held by him for the purpose aforesaid; that the said money has been so raised or contributed with the express view of applying for and -receiving a like sum from the regents for the pur- pose contemplated in the statute, and that it is intended to apply the said sum of money, together with the money hereby applied for pursuant to said act, to the purchase of the books and articles of apparatus particularly speci- fied in the schedule hereunto annexed. The said trustees therefore hereby apply to the regents of the university for an appropriation to the said acade- my of the sum of dollars out of the moneys men- tioned in the said act, to be applied, together with the like sum raised by them as above mentioned, to the purposes stated in said schedule, pursuant to the provi- sions of the act above referred to. Done by the trustees of said academy at a legal meet- ing held the day of &c., at which meeting the following named trustees were present, [state names,] BOARD OF REGENTS. 67 and having been read and approvpd, it was duly adopted at the said meeting as the application of said academy, and ordered (after being verified by the oath of the pre- siding officer at said meeting and recorded on the min- utes of its proceedings) to be transmitted to the regents of the university pursuant to the provisions of their ordinance in such case made and provided. All which is hereby done in obedience to said order this day of &c. A. B., President, or President pro tern. [As the case trwiy lie) of Academy. APFIDAVIT ABOVE BeFEBBED TO. County of ss : A. B. being duly sworn deposes and says that he is One of the trustees of academy, whose application to the regents of the university immediately precedes this affidavit; that he officiated as the presiding officer at the meeting of the trustees of said academy, referred to in the concluding part of said application; that the statement of facts therein set forth is true, so far as the same is properly within his personal knowledge; and that all the other statements he believes to be true. A. B. Subscribed and sworn before me ") the day of | § 18. The following is the form of draft for money appropriated on the foregoing application : To the Treasurer of the State of Kew York: Pay to or order, the sum of dollars ap- propriated by the regents of the university on the 68 MANUAL OF THE day of 185 to academy for the purchase of books and apparatus. Dated, &c., A. B. Treasurer of Academy. (This draft must be accompanied by a certificate in the form given on page 63). LIST OF BOOKS RECOMMENDED FOR ACADEMY LIBRARIES. The following list is furnished for the purpose of indicating the kinds of books which the regents of the university consider proper to constitute libraries for the academies; but it is not intended to restrict the acade- mies exclusively to this list in making their selections. If other books are desired, the propriety of allowing them to be purchased will be determined by the board when applications for the appropriation of money for the purpose shall be made. In the catalogues accompa- nying all such applications, the selection from the follow- ing lists will be distinguished from selections not made from it, by placing them in different columns, with these captions, viz. Theoloot and Ecclesiastical History. Buck's Theological Dictionary. Burnet's History of the Reformation. Butler's Analogy. Chalmer's Evidences and Authority of Christian Reve- lation. D' Aubigne's History of the Reformation. Hannah Adams's View of all Religions. Josephus's Works. Kitto's Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature. BOARD OF REGENTS. 69 Mcllvine's Evidences of Christianity. Nelson on Infidelity. Paley's Evidences of Christianity. Paley's Natural Theology. Pilgrim's Progress. Prideaux's Connections. Watson's Apology. Wilson's Evidences of Christianity. Wollaston's Keligion of Nature. HiSTOKT, BlOGKAPHT AND AkIIQUITIES. Bancroft's History of the United States. Kanisay's History of the United States. Grahame's History of the United States. Hildreth's History of the United States. Lossing's Field Book of the Kevolution. Sherman's Governmental History of the United States. Botta's History of the American Kevolution. Hume's History of England with Smollett and Bissett's Continuation. Goldsmith's History of England. Mackintosh's History of the Eevolution of 1688. Russell's History of Ancient and Modern Europe. Gibbon's Roman Empire. Ferguson's Roman Republic. Goldsmith's History of Rome. Niebuhr's History of Rome. Sparks's American Biography. Tytler's Universal History. Robertson's Historical Works. Hallam's History of the Middle Ages. Belknap's History of New Hampshire 70 MANUAL OF THE Barry's History of Massachusetts. Smith's History of New- York. Eastman's History of New-York. Smith's History of New-Jersey. Brodhead's History of New-York. Trumbull's History- of Connecticut. O'Callaghan's History of New-Netherlands. Williamson's History of North Carolina. Williams's History of Vermont. Bozman's History of Maryland. Watson's Life of Philip II. Watson's Life of Philip III. De Stael on the French Revolution. Taylor's Universal History. Heeren's Historical Works. Botta's Italy under Napoleon. White's History of Prance. White's Eighteen Christian Centuries. Gordon's History of Ireland. Molina's History of Chili. Southey's History of Brazil. Motley's History of Netherlands, Motley's Dutch Republic. Mills's History of Chivalry. Mills's History of the Crusades. G-uizot's History of Civilization. Murphy's Tacitus. Athens, its Rise and Pall, by Bulwer. Wheaton's History of the Northmen. Lee's Memoirs of the War in the Southern States. Schiller's Thirty Years' War in Germany. BOARD OF REGENTS. 71 Fisk's Eschenburg's Antiquities. Adam's Roman Antiquities. Potter's Grecian Antiquities. Appleton's Cyclopedia of Biography. Blake's Biographical Dictionary. Marshall's Life of Washington. Sparks's Life of Washington. Irving's Life of Washington. Life of Lafayette. Franklin's Life and Essays. Irving's Life of Columbus. Middleton's Life of Cicero. Wirt's Life of Patrick Henry. Parton's Life of Jackson. Randall's Life of Jefferson. Voltaire's Life of Peter the Great. Voltaire's Life of Charles the XII. Plutarch's Lives. Prescott's Historical Works. Cooper's History of the Navy. Boswell's Life of Johnson. Sanderson's Biography of the Signers of the DeclaratioB of Independence. Anthon's Classical Dictionary. Allen's American Biographical Dictionary. Alison's History of Europe. Sears's Pictorial History of the United States. Drake's Biography of the Indians. Intellectctal and MoeAl PhiloSopht. Wayland's Moral Philosophy. Upham's Intellectual Philosophy. 72 MANUAL OF THE Cousin's History of Philosophy. Paley's Moral and Political Philosophy. Hopkins's Moral Science. Hickok's Kational Psychology. Whateley's Logic. Hamilton's Logic. Hamilton's Metaphysics. Locke on the Human Understanding. Stewart's Philosophy. Brown's Philosophy. Reid's Philosophy. Abercrombie on the Intellectual Powers. Abercrombie on the Moral Peelings. JCRISFBDDEHCE, POLITICS AND COHMEBCE. Secret Debates in the Convention of the United States. Beck's Medical Jurisprudence. Blackstone's Commentaries. Kent's Commentaries. < Federalist. Debates in the New- York Convention. Hazlett's Eloquence of the British Senate. Diplomacy of the United States. Pomeroy's Introduction to Municipal Law. Cluskey's Political Text Book. Wheaton's International Law. Everett's Europe. Everett's America. Ferguson's Civil Society. Junius, (Woodfall's). Mai thus on Population. BOARD or REGENTS. 73 Malthus on Political Economy. Debates in the Massachusetts Convention. Debates in the Virginia Convention. Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws. Young's Government Class Book. Aristotle's Ethics and Politics, (Gillies' Translation). Puffendorf 's Law of Nature and Nations. Ricardo's Political Economy. Say's Political Economy. Lieber's Manual of Political Ethics. Mill's Political Economy. Bowen's Political Economy. Wayland's Political Economy. McVickar's Political Economy. Vattell's Law of Nations. Moore's American Eloquence. Webster's Works. Clay's Works. Calhoun's Works. Washington's Letters. Lord Brougham's Speeches. Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations, [McCulloch's Edition.] Bentham on Morals and Legislation. Constitutions of the States. Lieber's Essays on Property and Labor. Miss Martineau's Illustrations of Political Economy. The Madison Papers. De Toqueville's Democracy in America. Goodrich's Select British Eloquence. 7 74 MANUAL OF THE Pebiodical and Collectivb Woekb. Silliman's Journal of Science. Encyclopsedia Americana. Appleton's New American Cyclopaedia. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Maunder's Treasury of Knowledge. The Cultivator. Harpers' Classical Series. Harpers' Family Library. Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopaedia. "Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Worcester's Dictionary. Natural Philosophy, Natueal Histobt, ^o. Brande's Dissertation on Chemical Philosophy. Emerson's Mechanics. Good's Book of Nature. Keith on the Globes. Nicholson's Natural Philosophy. Playfair's History of Natural Philosophy. Bakewell's Introduction to Geology. Dana's Geology. De la Beche's Geological Manual. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom. Silliman's Physics. Silliman's Chemistry. Arnott's Physics. Bridgewater Treatises. Dana's Mineralogy. Bigelow's Technology. Lyell's Geology. BOARD OF REGENTS. (0 Faraday's Physical Forces. Tale College Mathematics. Cambridge Mathematics. Perkins' Mathematical Works. Davies' Logic of Mathematics. Davies' Mathematical Dictionary. Davies' Mathematical Works. Gribson's Surveying. Giunmere's Surveying. Olmsted's Philosophy. Cambridge Course of Philosophy. Johnston's Chemistry of Common Life. Beck's Chemistry. Tyndal on Heat. Burritt's Greography of the Heavens. Wallace on the Globes. Smellie's Philosophy of Natural History. Cuvier's Revolutions of the Globe. " Theory of the Earth. Shepard's Mineralogy Laplace's M^canique Celeste, (Translated by Bowditch). Nuttall's Ornithology. Bowditch's Navigation. lire's Chemical and Mineralogical Dictionary. Sir Humphrey Davy's Elements of the Philosophy of Chemistry. Eush on the Human Voice. Beck's Botany. Gray's Botany. Wood's Botany. Dana's Mineralogy. 76 MANUAL OF THE Sganzin's Civil Engineering. Hassler's Mathematical Tables. Godman's Natural History. VoTAOES AND TkAVELS, GeoOBAPHICAI AMD STATISTICAL WoRKS. Pitkin's Statistical View of the United States. Schoolcraft's Travels. JeflFerson's Notes on Virginia. French's Gazetteer of New York. Fisher's United States Gazetteer. Harper's Gazetteer. Lippincott's Pronouncing Gazetteer. Raumer's America. American Statistical Annual. i^ational Almanac, 1863, 1864. Thomson's The Land and the Book, (Syria). Perry's Japan Expedition. Wilkes's U. S. Exploring Expedition. Malte Brun's Geography. Colton's Atlas. Johnson's Atlas of the World. Chateaubriand's Greece and Egypt. Hillard's Six Months in Italy. Heber's Travels in India. Stephen's Travels in Central America. Stephen's Travels in Egypt and Holy Land. Slidell Mackenzie's Year in Spain. Ellis's Polynesian Kesearches. Olmsted, F. L., Travels in England. Cooper (J. F.), Residence in France. Carlisle's Diary in Turkish Waters. Parry's Voyages for a North West Passage. BOAED or BKGENTS. 77 Stiles' Austria in 1848. Mitchell's General View of the World. Gurowski's Bussia as it is. Maxwell's Czar, His Court and People. Williams' Middle Kingdom : (China). Sargent's Arctic Adventure. Du Chaillu's Equatorial Africa. Earth's Travels in North and Central Africa. Livingstone's Researches in South Africa. Dwight's Travels in Germany. Atkinson's Travels on the Amoor. Ellis's Madagascar. Andersson's Okovango River (Africa). Putz's Ancient, Mediaeval and Modern Geographies. Ruxton's Life in Mexico. Bartlett's U. S. Explorations in New Mexico and Cali- fornia. Page's La Plata. Squier^s Nicaragua. Holton's New Granada. Kidder's Brazil. Ewbank's Brazil. Bryant's Letters of a Traveler in Spain. Curzon's Armenia. Durbin's Observations in Europe. Hue's Travels in China. Hue's Travels in Tartary and Thibet. Humboldt's Cosmos. Layard's Nineveh. Lyell's Travels in the United States. Smith's Travels in Chili. 78 MANUAL OF THE POETET. peare. Milton's Poetical Works. Pope's Homer. Dryden's Virgil. Thomson's Seasons. Beattie's Minstrel. Cowper's Poetical Works. Young's Poems. Pope's Works. Longfellow's Poems. Bryant's Poems. Street's Poems. Halleck's Poems. EDUCAIIOIfAL. Report on Public Instruction in Prussia. Cousin's State of Education in Holland. Barnard's Educational Works. Calkin's Manual of Object Lessons. • Potter's School and Schoolmaster. Abbott's Teacher. Hall's Lectures on School Keeping. Todd's Students Manual. Lectures before the American Institute. Taylor's District School. Hall's Education of Children. Combe's Physiology applied to Health and Education. Wines's Hints on Education. Simpson on Popular Education. Sedgwick's Means and Ends or Self-Training. Davis's Lectures on School Keeping. • BOARD OF REGENTS. Beecher's Lectures to Young Men. Sprague's Lectures to Daughters. Schmidt's History of Education. Spencer on Education. Barnard's American Journal of Education. New York Teacher. MlSCBLLAHEOUS. Alison on Taste. Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy. Addison's Works. Campbell' Philosophy of Rhetoric. British Prose Writers. Bacon's Essays. Blair's Lectures on Rhetoric. Whately's Rhetoric. Burke on the Sublime and Beautiful. Rush 'on the Human Voice. Washington Irving's Works. ©'Israeli's Curiosities of Literature. Diversions of Purley. Karnes' Elements of Criticism. Germany, by Madame De Stael. Harris' Hermes. Melmoth's Pliny. Sismondi's Literature of the South of Europe. Dunlop's History of Roman Literature. Telemachus. Johnson's Works. Dix's Speeches. Goldsmith's Works. Phillips, Curran and Grattan. 79 80 MANUAL or THE Chatham, Burke and Erskine. Roget's Thesaurus of English Words. Trench on Words. Crabbe's Synonyms. Newman's Rhetoric. Wayland's Human Responsibility. St. Pierre's Studies of Nature. Drake's Essays on the Spectator, &c. Crombie's Etymology and Syntax af the English, Lan- guage. Hand Book of Universal Literature, Miss Botta.. Swinton's Rambles Among Words. Ellsworth on Penmanship and Letter Writing. Schonburgh Cotta Family. Hans Andersen's Books. CHAPTER V. BOOKS OF RECOKD AND EMPLOYMENT OF TEACHERS. Sec. 1. The trustees of every academy shall be required to keep in a suitable book provided for the purpose exact records of all their proceedings, and especially of the election and appointment of all teachers and the terms on which they are so elected or appointed^ and of their resignation or dismission. § 2. They shall also provide one or more suitable books for a school register, in which shall be inserted the names and ages of all scholars, and their average daily attend- ance during each term. BOAUD OF REGENTS., 81 § 3. And also in a separate record, the names, ages and studies of all academic scholars, being classical scholars, or scholars in the higher branches of English education, or both, with the date at which they became such scho- lars ; said names, ages and studies being arranged by the terms of each year, as required in the schedule of studies annexed to the annual report to the regents. § 4. The books so required to be provided shall always be preserved as the property of the academy, and shall not be removed from its possession. § 5. The regents in their visitation of academies will make it a part of their duty to examine the said books, to determine whether they conform to the requirements of this ordinance. § 6. In all cases where the compensation of the teachers of any academy is made to depend on the amount of money received from the tuition of pupils or the distri- bution of the literature fund, as well as in all cases whatever, the trustees of such academy shall expressly reserve to themselves, and shall actually exercise the right of employing all teachers in their academy, of fix- ing the relative proportion of the compensation of the principal and the subordinate teachers employed by them, and of determining the charges for tuition ; and it shall be their duty, and they are hereby required to see that the relative proportion of compensation as aforesaid is absolutely paid to all subordinate teachers, and that in no case where the salaries of said subordinate teachers are in arrears, shall their treasurer pay to the principal of their academy the distributive share of the literature fund while the said salaries are in arrears, but shall in 82 MANUAL OP THE the proportion fixed by them as aforesaid, apply the same to the payment of said arrears; and they the said trustees, shall state expressly in their annual report, whether they have so reserved and exercised such rights as aforesaid, and protected the rights of subordinate teachers as required by this ordinance. Jan. 26, 1864. CHAPTER VI. FORM OF THE ANNUAL REPORTS OF ACADEMIES. To the Regents of the University of the State of New York : The trustees of established at in the county of Respectfully Report: That the condition of their academy on the* day of 18 , in respect to the several subject np,t- ters required to be reported on by them, was as follows : Academic Propektt. For a particular statement of their academic lot, building, library and apparatus, and for a general state- ment of their property, and of title, incumbrances and debts, the trustees refer to their report (or application) to the regents, bearing date on or about the day of The property described in the report or application above referred to, remains, in respect to quantity, title, improvements, condition, value, debts, incumbrances, &c., as stated or referred to under the following heads: *Here insert the day on which the academic year terminates. BOARD or REGENTS. 83 1. Gbocnd poe Academic Buildings. The lot of ground on which the academy buildings stand remains the same as at the date of the report or application above referred to.* Present value of grounds, $ 2. ACADEMT BdILDINGS The buildings on the academy grounds remain the same as at the date of the report or application before referred to. Present value of buildings, 3. Academy Librabt. Title or name of books arranged according to catalogue in nee. Number of volumea. Original CORt. Present value. At date of last Report, f Added since, $ s *0r if any change has taken place by purchase, or improve- ment of grounds, or by erection, improvement or repairs of buildings, or loss by fire or decay or otherwise, make excep- tions. f Give a catalogue of all books and apparatus added during the year. Add each column, and deduct the number and value of whatever has been damaged or lost. 84 MANUAL OF THE * Books Received pbom the State. t Natural History of New York; § Documentary History, .... § Documents relating to Colonial History, Journal of the Legislative Council of New York, Meteorology of New York, . . . . Catalogue of the State Library, Regents' Reports, Other Books, 4. Philosophical Appabatds. Vols. DeBcrlption or name of each article. Original cost. Freeent Talae. At date of last Report, . Added since. * $ 5. Title to Pkopeett. The title to the academy lot, huilding, library and appa- ratus remains the same as at the date of the report or *Give a Hat of all books receWed, and not those received during the last year only. ■f- Of the natural history 20 volumes have been published. I The Documentary History, and Documents relating to the Colonial History are distinct works. Of the former there are four volumes ; of the latter ten. BOARD OF REGENTS. 85 application before referred to, and the said property is now actually held by the trustees as a permanent endow- ment, subject to no other trust than that of promoting education.* 6. Other Academic Propektt. The property of the academy, other than the academy lot, buildings, library and apparatus above described or referred to, consists of Bonds and mortgages considered good, 8 Notes, Tuition bills uncollected, Furniture, not fixtures, Pieal estate, other than academy lot, &c., Cash in treasurer's hand as per cash account,... Other property not included in the above (as follows) : Total, $ 7. Debts and Ikoumbkances. The debts contracted by the academy, which remained unpaid on the said day of including all ar- rears of interest, and all outstanding or unpaid accounts acknowledged as debts, were as follows : Mortgage on academy lot, &c., $ Do on other property, Treasurer's notes, *If this statement requires any qualifications, state particu- lars ; and especially if there he any trust, or understanding expressed or implied, that the property is in any contingency to revert to the original grantor or to go to other persons, or to be applied to other uses. MANUAL OF THE Due teachers, Balance due treasurer as per casli account, Other debts (as follows), Total, $ 8. SdMMART SlATEMEHTa. The total value of all academic property above de- scribed is as follows: Present value of academy lot and buildings, $ Present value of library, consisting of volumes, Present value of philosophical apparatus, Value of lot, building, library and apparatus. Value of other property as stated under 6th head. Total value of all the property of academy,... $ Deduct for debts as stated under 7th head, Balance, showing value over and above all debts, $ 9. Certificate of Committee oh Lierakt. The undersigned, a committee appointed by the trus- tees for that purpose, have, since the close of the acade- mic year, carefully examined the books and apparatus belonging to the academy, and have compared them with the original catalogues or inventories, and with former examinations, and find the books and apparatus to be in the following condition.* Committee of Examination. * State the condition of the library and apparatus in regard to. books and articles being present, and in a proper state for BOARD OF KEGENTS. 87 10. Geseral Cash Account for the Year endiso on the said Day op 18 Balance from last Report and Cash Received during the Year. Balance of cash on hand at the close of the last previous year's account, $ Cash, since received on the following accounts, viz : * For tuition, For principal on permanent or other funds,.... For interest on do. For room rent, or rent of academic property, From the regents of the university, viz : For annual apportionment from literature fund, For purchase of books and apparatus, For educating teachers of common schools,... From (here specify the source, if any, from which any other money was received during said year) : Total cash received, 3 use — and whether suitable rooms and cases are provided for their preservation, and due care exercised in their use. Give a list of books and articles lost, destroyed or injured, and state the amount of injury or loss. The committee must be others than the principal and teachers, and the examination ncft a, mere form. Let tlie statement of the examination be signed by the committee. *In case the principal of any academy receives the tuition of pupils as his compensation and that of the other teachers, such amount should be reported to the treasurer and entered on his books as cash received and paid. MANUAL OF THE Balance due to the treasurer for amounts over- paid by him, to be carried by him to next year's account, Balance from last Report and Cash Paid dariiij the Year. Balance, due to the treasurer at the close of last year's account, $ Cash since paid, on the following accounts: For salaries or compensation of teachers, For principal of debts due from academy, For interest do For repairs to buildings or other property be- longing to the academy, For fuel and all other incidental expenses not included in the above, For dividends (if any) to stockholders, being at the rate of per cent on their stock, For purchases of books and apparatus with money granted by the regents, or raised by subscription or donation, For (here state the account, if any, on which any other money was paid during the year). Total cash paid, Balance of cash in treasurer's hands, to be car- ried to the next year's account, BOARD OF REGENTS. 89 The precedingi s a true statement of the receipts and payments of money for the year above named; which, with the vouchers in support thereof, having been sub- mitted to the undersigned, a committee of accounts duly appointed by the trustees of said academy, was on the day of duly audited by them and found to be correct, and is hereby so certified.* Auditing Committee. 11. ReVENCE AKD ExPBNDITUKES POK the YeAE EKDtNS ON THE SAID Day op 18 Revenue Received. '\ Amount of revenue received during said year, and col- lected or considered collectable, from the following sources, viz : From tuition collected, or considered collect- able, $ *Tlie account for which the above is intended to he a form, being a simple cash acoonnt, must contain entries of all cash actually received and paid, and nothing else. The account must be added up, balanced and audited, before it is inserted in the report. •j- The revenue side of the account should include only what accrued during the particular year referred to. Anything re- ceived in that year for arrears accrued in former years should not be included; the object of the statement being to show the true amount of revenue accrued (whether paid or unpaid) for the particular year to which it refers, in order to enable the regents to compare annual revenue with annual expendi- tures. So also of the expenditures, the account should include only what was paid or payable on liabilities incurred by the acade- my for the particular year mentioned in the statement. Any- 90 MANUAL OF THE From interest or income of property, real or personal, including room rent accrued dur- ing said year, and collected, or considered collectable, From the regents of the university: For annual apportionment from the literature fund, For educating teachers of common schools,... From (here state any other source of annual revenue, if such there be), Total revenue, $ Balance, being excess of expenditure over reve- nue for said year, Expenditures Incurred. Amount paid or payable on liabilities incurred during said year on the following accounts, viz: thing paid in tliat year on account of liabilities contracted or incurred in former years, should be included in the general cash account, but not in the account of revenue here stated ; the design of this account being to show the true amount of expenditures or liabilities incurred (whether actually paid or not,) during the particular year to which it relates, in order to enable the regents to compare annual expeuditures with an- nual revenue, to see if the academy be falling in debt or other- wise. If any of the items of income or expenditure for any parti- cular year happen to be either greater or less than the average for common years, the case should be stated according to the fact. When the stocliholders of any academy have acquired by BOARD OP REGENTS. 91 For salaries or compensation of teachers, $ For interest accrued during said year on debts due from academy, For rent (if any) accrued during said year, for property leased to academy, For repairs of building, or other property be- longing to the academy, during said year,.. For fuel and other incidental expenses in- curred during said year, For dividends* (if any) declared on the cap- ital stock of the academy, during said year, being at the rate of per cent on the amount of said stock which is $ From (here state other annual expenses if any), Total expenditure, . Balance, being excess of revenues over expendi- tures for said year, $ the terms of their suhscription to its stock a right to free scholarship, that fact should be here stated with the number and duration of such rights, the price or consideration paid therefor, and the number of students attending the academy during said year who claimed and were allowed free tuition by virtue of such rights. *No academy is permitted to make dividends while any out- standing indebtedness against the institution exists. 92 MANUAL OF THE 12. Monet Received from Literature Fdnd. The moneys* received from tho literature fund for the last year, as stated in the preceding part of this re- port, under the head of revenue, together with all bal- ances (if any) of such moneys received in former years, and suifered to remain on hand unexpended, have been expended during the last year, or are accounted for as follows : 13. Monet Raised and Granted for the Pdrchase of Books AND Appaeatds. Amount raised by the trustees, $ Amount received from the regents, Total, $ Which has been expended as follows: In the purchase of books (see No. 3), In the purchase of apparatus (see No. 4), 14. Teachers. The whole number of teachers employed in said aca- demy on the said day of or during the year ending on that day was , of whom are males, and females; and of whom have declared their intention to make teaching a permanent profession. The names, ages, and professional education of said teachers, the time each has been engaged in teaching, * All moneys thus granted must be expended in the payment of teachers' salaries, and can not be otherwise applied. BOARD OF REGENTS. 93 the department of instruction and the annual salary of each are as follows :* 15. t Employmkst OP Teacsees. 16. Sdbjects op Study Pqesued, and Class ok Text-book used. The subjects of study pursued in said academy, dur- ing said year, including classical and all others, with the class or text-books used on each subject or study, were as follows : (I) Ordinary Elementary Studies. Text-Books. Arithmetic, Book Keeping, Composition, Declamation, Elocution, English Language, (grammar), do (Dictionary), G-eography, Orthography, Pronunciation (standard), Reading Books. *Let the names, &c., of all teachers employed during any part of the year be stated, and do not refer to preceding reports. f Under this head, if the trustees pay fixed salaries to the teachers, or if any contract exists by which the teachers re- ceive the use of buildings and other academic property and tuition as their compensation, let the facts be stated; and in the latter case state the terms of the contract under which they are employed, and the powsrs which are retained and exercised by the trustees, particularly in regard to the employment and compensation of teachers, the course of instruction and disci- pline, control over buildings, &c. See Chap. V. 94 MANUAL OF THE (2.) Mathematics and Natural Philosophy and their Ap- plication,. Algebra, Astronomy, Calculus (integral), Calculus (differential), Conic Sections, Engineejing (civil), Geometry (plane and solid), Geometry (analytical). Geometry, (descriptive). Leveling, Logarithms, Mensuration, Natural Philosophy, Navigation, Perspective, Surveying, Technology, Trigonometry. (3.) Ancient Languages. Greek Language (grammar), do Keader, Grecian Antiquities, Greek Prose Composition, Hebrew Language (grammar), Latin Language (grammar), do Keader, Roman Antiquities, Mythology. BOARD OF REGENTS. 95 (4.) Modem Languages. French Language (grammar), German do do Italian do do Spanish do do (5.) Natural Sciences. Anatomy, Botany, Chemistry, Chemistry (Agricultural), Geology, Hygiene, Meteorology, Mineralogy, Natural History, Physiology, Zoology, (6.) Moral, Intellectual and Political Science. Criticism, Christianity (Evidences of). History (General), History of the United States, Law and Government, Logic, Natural Theology, Philosophy (Intellectual), Philosophy (Moral), Political Economy, Rhetoric, 96 MANUAL OF THE Teaching (Principles of), Domestic Economy. 17. NnMBES OF Stddents.* (A.) The whole number of students (including classi- cal and all others), taught in the academy dnring the term ending on the day of 18 , was do do was do do was Sum of attendance, Average attendance of terms, (B.) The whole number* of students (including clas- sical and all others), taught in the academy during the year ending on the said day of 18 , was whose average age was (C.) The number of academic students belonging to the academy on the said day of 18 , or who belonged to it during part of the year ending on that day, and who are claimed by the trustees to have pur- sued for four months of said year, or upwards, classical studies, or the higher branches of English education,^or both, was of whom were males, whose average was years, and were females, whose average age was years. A schedule of the names, ages and studies of the said students, so claimed by the said trustees to have pursued classical studies, or the higher branches of English edu- * Insert the number of individuals taught — not the sum of those taught during the several terms. The same pupil must not be twise counted. BOARD OS REGENTS. 97 cation, or both, is hereunto annexed, and having been examined and certified by a committee of the trustees specially appointed for that purpose, and duly verified by the oath of the principal, as required by the law of the state and the ordinance of the regents, is believed by the trustees to be true, and is adopted by them. 18. Pkicks ok Rates of Tuition. The prices charged for tuition in said academy during said year were as follows : Common English studies per annum Mathematical and higher English do Classical, including all the preceding do Extra charges for tuition do 19. GbATDITODS iNSTRnCTIOK. 20. Academic Teems, Vacations, Examikations, &o. The year is divided into terms of weeks each. The first term commences and closes do second do do do do third do do do do fourth do do do There are vacations as follows : From the close of the first term weeks, do do second do do do do third do do do do fourth do do Total weeks vacation, Examinations and public exhibitions are held as fol- lows: 9 98 MANUAL OP THE 21. Summary Statement of the Average Expenses of Stodekts IN THE ACADEMT, FOR TurTION, BoAED, &0., FOE A SINGLE YeAR Tbe rates charged for different grades of tuition, being as stated under No. 18, the average of those rate.s for a single student for a single year, is $ The average price of board in the vicinity of the academy for students from abroad, being at the rate of $ per week, amounts, for a single academic year, to Whole amount chargeable for tuition and board for a single academic year, $ 22. Phtsioal Education. 23. Officers of the Board of Trustees President, Vice-President, Treasurer, Secretary, 24. Certificate op committee on the ScHEDUiiE above Refer- BED TO. * The undersigned, a committee of the trustees of specially appointed for that purpose, hereby certify that they have examined the annexed schedule of the names, ages and studies, of the students therein named, that they have compared the same with the registers and class books of the said academy, that they find the same to correspond with the said registers and * The certificate of the cominittee and the afi'adavit of the principal must both be executed before the schedule is adopted by the trustees. BOARD OF REGENTS. 99 class books, from which it appears that all the scholars named in the said schedule, were academic scholars, and pursued the studies named therein; and they verily believe all the statements in the said schedule to be true, and recommend its adoption by the trustees of the academy. Signed, Committee. 25. CosoLnsio;* and Adthentication of Report. The preceding report, from Academy, was submitted to the trustees of said academy, at*a meeting legally held by them on the day of 18 , at which meeting the following named trustees were present; being a legal quorum of said board of trustees; and having been read and approved, it was duly adopted at said meeting as the report of said academy, and ordered (after being verified by the oath of the presiding officer at said meeting, and a copy or abstract thereof being entered on the minutes of its proceedings or placed among its valuable papers) to be transmitted to the regents of the university, pursuant to the provisions of their ordinance in such case made and provided. All which is hereby done in obedience to said order? this day of 18 Signed President of Academy. Affidavit op Presiding Officer of Tkcbtees. County of ss. being duly deposeth and saithi that he is one of the trustees of academy, (whose annual report to the regents of the university immediately 100 MANUAL or THE precedes this affidavit); that he officiated as the presid- ing officer at the meeting of the trustees of said academy, referred to in the concluding part of said report; and that the schedule hereunto annexed, of the names, ages and studies of the students claimed, as stated therein, was submitted to the trustees at said meeting, duly certi- fied by their committee, and verified by the oath of the principal, and that the statement of facts set forth in the said report, is in all respects true, as he verily believes; -and further, that a copy of said report, (or an abstract thereof), is on file among the valuable papers of the academy. Subscribed and sworn before me, this ) day of 18 . j Appro AVIT OP THE Peincipal. County of ss: being duly sworn, deposes and says that during the year ending on the he was principal instrustor of academy : that each and every of the students whose names are stated in the following schedule referred to in the annexed report of the trustees of said academy, before commencing the studies therein named, had passed the examination required by the ordinance of the regents, and were duly registered as academic scholars, on the registers of this academy, or held certificates of such examination and registry in some other academy in this state ; that they pursued the studies named in the schedule, during the time also named therein; and that all the statements of the said schedule, so far as the same are properly within the BOARD OF REGENTS. 101 personal knowledge of this deponent; as principal of said academy, are true; and ttat ttose not properly wimin his personal knowledge, he verily believes to be true. Signed, Principal of Academy. Subscribed and sworn before me ") this day of 18 J Schedule of the Pbinoipal op the Acacemt. The following is the statement (referred to in the annexed report from ), of the names, ages and studies, of the academic students of said academy, claimed by the trustees thereof to have pursued for four months or upwards, of the year mentioned in said report, classical studies, or the higher branches of English edu- cation, or both, according to the true intent and meaning of the ordinance of the regents, with a specification of the different studies pursued by each of said students, and the length of time the same were pursued in each quarter or term of said year, said studies beiug designat- ed by the ordinary name or title of the book or treatise studied, and the part or portion of each book so studied being also stated, with the time spent in studying the same, during each of said terms. 102 MANUAL OP TfiE 1 i Wayland'B Moral Soieiia(h complete, 14 w. Loomis's Geology, complete , 14 w. Andrews and Stoddard's Latin Grammar, 14 w. i ! Cicero's Orations against Ca. tiline, 14 w. 3 Books Anabasis, 14 ur. Legendre, through plane Qeometry, 14 w. 1 s Si S, Tliomaon's U. Arithmetic, reviewed, 14 w. Davies's Legendre, 3 books, 14 w. Parker's Natural Philosophy, 230 pp., 14 w. 3 Books Virgil's ;Gneld, 14 w. 1 Book Xenophon's Anabasis, 14 w. Legendre as No. 1. 14 w. i Thomson's Higher Arithme- tic, 280 pp., 14 w. Youman's ChemiBtry, 250 pp., 14 w. Davies's Bourdon, 232, pp., 14 w. Bourdon as No. 1. 14 w. Hooker's Natural History complete, 14 w. Burritt'B Astronomy, 180, pp. 14 w. Chemistry ae No. 1, 14 w. Natural History as No. 2, 14 w. , Robinson's D. Algebra, 1S6. pp.l4,w. i to M< S 2 1 1 n < 6 o - ^ :<3 ^ BOABD OP EEGENTS. 103 CHAPTEB, VII. INSTRUCTION OF COMMON SCHOOL TEACHERS. Academies for the instruction of common school teach- ers will he selected at the annual meeting of the regents in January. The instruction under such selection will he given during the succeeding academic year. The Academies Selected are Eequiked to Obseeve the Fol- lowisg issteuctions ; Pupils must he selected hy the joint action of the trustees and principal of the academy. They must have attained the age, if males, of eigh- teen, and if females of sixteen years. They mnst he found, on examination, to have such scholarship as to give fair promise, after having pursued the prescribed course of study for the time required by the statute, to sustain an examination for a commis- sioner's certificate. They should be residents of the county in which the academy is situated, and fairly distributed among the several towns. They must subscribe in good faith the following de- claration : "We the subscribers, hereby declare that our object in asking admission to the teachers' class of academy is to prepare ourselves more thoroughly for the important duty of teaching the public schools of the 104 MANUAL OF THE state, and that it is our intention to devote a reasonable time to that emyloyment." The trustees and principal of the academy must be satisfied that the applicant is honest in making this declaration, and that he has the moral character, talents and aptness, necessary to make a successful teacher. The following course of study and instruction is pre- scribed, and the time required by the statute must be wholly occupied with it : Reading and Orthography, Writing, Arithmetic, Intellectual and Written, English Grammar, Geography. With these studies must be combined the theory and practice of teaching, either by recitation from a text book or by lectures, or which is preferable, by both combined. These subjects are to be regarded as indispensable. If a pupil so thoroughly understands any of them as to be able satisfactorily to conduct the instruction of a class, then one or two of the following may be substituted : Algebra, Geometry, Natural History, Natural Philosophy, History of the United States, Science of Government, Physiology. But in no case may a pupil be admitted to the class, BOARD OF REGENTS. 105 whose education is so far advanced that it will not be profitable for him to spend most of his time on the first named studies, and his whole time must be occupied with the studies of the course, and in no case may tuition be charged for any studies pursued. Instruction in the elementary parts of the several subjects must be of the most thorough character. Arithmetic must be taught both in its principles and its processes, by requiring a clear analysis and a neat solution, of every question. The subject must be pursued until the ordinary school treatises, written as well as intellectual, are thoroughly understood. The teaching of English grammar must embrace sen- tential structure and analysis, and with it must be connected frequent exercises in composition. With geography must be connected map drawing on the black board, the use of globes and so much of astronomy, as will enable the pupil to explain the modes of ascertaining latitude and longitude, the change of seasons, and the cause of variation in the length of days and nights. The class must be recognized and taught as a distinct class, and not merged in the other classes of the acade- my. The object of the statute, the preparation of well qualified teachers for the common schools, must be dis- tinctly kept in view, and it is expected that the trustees and principals of academies will realize the obligation which they assume of rendering a full equivalent for the liberal appropriation made by the state. Trustees of academies are at liberty to designate the term in which 106 MANUAL OF THE the instruction may be given, but it is deemed important that the class be instructed together, in oae term. This circular must be read to the class, at the com- mencement of the course, that they may more fully understand the views of the regents, and be urged to the highest efforts for their realization. The school commissioner of the district in which the academy is situated, should be notified of the time when the class is under instruction, and invited to make fre- quent visits. The principal of the academy is directed as soon as the class is organized to notify the secretary of the regents, stating the number of pupils admitted, the plan of instruction, and when the examination at the close of the term will be held. Some member of the board of regents, or a committee to be appointed by them, will attend the examination. In the report to the regents on the instruction of the class, answers to the following questions will be required : 1. Have the preceding instructions been observed? 2. What was the method of instruction in orthogra- phy, and how frequent were the exercises ? 3. Answer the same question severally, in regard to reading, writing, arithmetic, intellectual and written, English grammar and geography. 4. What students, on examination, were found quali- fied to be advanced to higher studies; what was the standard of qualification, and what were the higher studies pursued ? 5. Were additional teachers employed for the instruc- BOARD or REGENTS. 107 tion of the class, and how far was the instruction connected with that of other pupils in the academy ? 6. How mueh time was occupied with the theory and practice of teaching, and what was the mode of instruc- tion ? 7. How far were the pupils exercised in the instruction and government of classes? 8. Was the school commissioner of the district invited to visit the academy while the class was under instruc- tion, and did he so visit it? 9. What pupils have received commissioner's certifi- cates, and of what grade ? 10. What pupils have been employed as teachers since the instruction closed, with what success, in what grade of schools, and at what wages? Every academy accepting the appointment, will be understood to assent to these instructions, and expected strictly to conform to them. The appropriation of moneys for the instruction of common school teachers, will be made at the annual meeting of the regents subsequent to the academic year in which the instruction was given. Form of a draft for money appropriated to an academy for the instruction of common school teachers. To the Treasurer of the State of New lork: Pay to or order, the sum of dollars, appro- priated by the regents of the university, on the day of to academy, for the instruction of common school teachers. A. B., Treasurer of (This draft must be accompanied by a certificate in the form given on page 63). 108 MANUAL OF THE CHAPTEK VIII. FOEM OF THE ANNUAL REPORT OF COLLEGES. I. LlTEKART COILEOKS. To the Regents of the University of the State of New York : Tlie trustees of college, in compliance with a requisition of the regents of the university, submit the following report for the last collegiate year, ending on the day of being the day of the annual commencement, containing a just and true statement of facts, showing the progress and condition of said college, during and at the close of said year, in respect to the several subject matters following, viz: 1. Numher and description of Professorships. The professorships in said college during said year, as established by the trustees, were the following: (Here state each professorship, as known and defined by the statutes of the college; and if any professorship be vacant, state the fact of such vacancy, when and from what cause it occurred, and whether it is the intention of the trustees to fill the same, and when). 2. Trustees, Faculty and other College Officers. The following is a list of the trustees of the college with their respective places of residence. The faculty of said college, including all persons charged with the duty of giving instruction therein during said year, consisted of a president, &C' (Here state the number of professors, tutors, &c.) BOARD OP REGENTS. 109 The other officers or servants of said college, charged with duties therein, other than those of public instruc- tion, during said year, were : (Here state the niimber of officers, with a description of their office, &c.) The names of the several persons holding offices or places in said college during said year, with the offices or places held by them respectively, and the salaries or annual compensation for official services, allowed to each of them, were as follows : Names of persons. Professorship or other office held. Salary. 3. Number of Students. The whole number of students, under graduates in said college, during said year, was : (Here state first the whole number of such students, including as well those who left college during said year, as those who remained to the close of it; and including also, as well those, if any, who were received on probation, as those who were regularly matriculated; and then state the number who left college during the year, from any and what cause, if known, with the number remaining at the close of the year; including as well the seniors or graduates of that year, as others). The number of graduates at the annual commencement should then be stated. The number of students (if any) in said college during said year, who were not under graduates, should be here stated, with such description or designation as properly belongs to them. 10 110 MANUAL OF THE Under this head, state the nnmber of students who were absent from college during the year, and from what cause. State the number engaged in teacliing, and the intended occupation of the graduates. State the maximum, the minimum and the average age of the under graduates, and also of the graduates. 4. Classification of Students. The students who were under graduates in said college during said year, were classified as follows, viz: (Here state the number and names of the classes, and the number of students in each class). If there be classes in the college under any other than the common designation of freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors, the fact should be particularly stated, with the number and pursuits of the students in such classes. So also, if there be any students in the college, not coming under the designation of under graduates, such as students in theology, and law; their classification, and whether they are graduates should be here stated. 5. Academic Degrees. 1. Degrees in course, A. B., A. M. &c. 2. Honorary degrees. (Give names) 6. College Terms or Sessions. The terms or sessions for studies in said college during said year, were the following : (Here state the number of terms, the length of each, when it commenced and ended, and how much vacation there was during said year, and the day of the annual commencement. BOARD OP REGENTS, 111 7. Subjects or Course of Study. The subgraduate course of study in each class in said college during said year, was as follows: (Here state the course of each class, beginning with the freshman, for each term in the year, beginning with the first term, designating in each term, specifically, the subjects studied by each class, the text books used, and the extent to which each subject was studied, specifying such extent by the number of pages, or proportion of the text book studied, or by other suitable description; and if lectures be given to the class during said term on any subject, designate such subject, with the number and frequency of the lectures on it, and the part or proportion they constitute of a full course of lectures on such subject). If subjects of study be pursued in the college which are not subgraduate, either by reason of their not being strictly classical, such as a particular or partial course in mathematics, &c., or by reason of their being superior to a subgraduate course, such as theology, law, or medi- cine, the same designation should be given of the parti- cular subject studied, the text books used, extent of study pursued, lectures, &c., in each class during each term, &c. 8. Exercises. Under this head, state how often the students in the college were exercised during said year, in composition and declamation, in the English language, or in any other and what language, and what criticism such exer- cises were subjected to ; also, whether any other exercises were required of, and performed by them during said 112 MANUAL OP THE year, such as extemporaneous speaking, or debating, gymnastic, or military exercises, &c.; also, how far exercises in reading or in any other of the primary arts connected with education, were required during said year. 9. Exhibitions and Prize Contests. State what public exhibitions are held and when, also what prizes are established, how they are awarded, and give the names of the successful competitors.. When prizes are awarded on examination, state whether the examination is oral or written, and if the latter, send a copy of the written or printed topics, or questions. 10. Examinations. State when the entrance examination is held, and its character, whether the published requirements are ad- hered to, and whether the scholars who are deficient are refused admission, or are admitted on probation or con. dition. State the number of public examinations in the col- leo-e during said year, when and how long each one was held, and how conducted ; whether all the classes were examined in all the subjects of study pursued by them subsequent to the last previous examination, if not, what were the omissions and for what cause. Also what in- fluence examinations have on the standing of the student in his class, and on his graduation. 11. Mode of InstrviiCtion. Under this head, state what was the general method of instruction adopted in the college during said year, BOARD OF KEGENTS. 113 whether that of analysis and recitations from text hookt, or that of lectures, or both, and in what relative propor- tion. If lectures were given, state on what subjects, whether the students were required to take notes of them, and what test was applied to ascertain the extent of knowledge acquired by them from such lectures; also, state how often on an average the students were required to recite, or attend lectures. 12. Discipline. Under this head, state the general principles of disci- pline adopted in the college during said year; what was the general nature of the punishments inflicted; whether any and what discrimination of the relative merits of students was made, either in respect to scholarship or behavior, or both, and what evidence of such merits was preserved or made public. If the standing of students in scholarship and conduct is determined by daily records, let the system be given, and its results stated. 13. Cfratuitous Aid. Under this head, state what provision is made in the college for the gratuitous education of indigent students, or for any other assistance to such students, what num- ber of students during said year were educated in whole or in part, gratuitously, or otherwise assisted, or in any other manner. 14. Statutes or By-Laws of the College. The foregoing form of a collegiate report, requires each college to state in its annual report, specifically, what was actually done in the college during its col- 114 MANUAL OP THE legiate year, in reference to the most important suliject matters of its proceedings during that year. A copy of the statutes or by-laws of the college, as the same were in force during said year, should be transmitted with the collegiate annual report, that it may be seen what is required by such statutes. But if a copy of said by-laws has been already sent, a second copy need not be transmitted with subsequent reports, provi- ded the alterations, if any, in the by-laws first sent, be noted, &c. 15. Description and Value of College JBuildings. Under this head, state, 1st. The number, general extent and value of the college buildings and grounds appurtenant thereto. 2d. The number of books in the college library, with their general state of preservation, and estimate of value in the aggregate. 3d. A general description of chemical and philosophi- cal apparatus, &c., belonging to the college, (without designating particulars), with an estimate of their value in the aggregate. State the total amount of the above values, to show the whole amount in value, of the college property used as permanent or fixed capital for purposes of instruction, &e. 16. Description and Value of other College Property. Under this head, give a general description and value of the property and funds of the college, other than what is included under the last preceding head, dis- tinguishing real from personal property; and stating BOAKD OF BEGENTS. 115 the different kinds of personal property, such as bonds and mortgages, bank and other stock, &o., giving the general amount and value of each kind of property; and if any of the college funds be appropriated for any particular purpose, as for the endowments of professor- ships, scholarships and prizes, or are required to be kept invested in any particular manner, state the amount of such funds, and whether they are applied to such pur- pose, or are invested in the manner required. State in one sum, the total estimated value of all the property described under this general head, after mak- ing all proper deductions for depreciation, insufficient securities, &c. 17. Debts. State the whole amount of debts contracted by the trustees of the college, and remaining unpaid at the close of the last collegiate year; and if any debts were contracted during said year, state for what cause, or on what account they were contracted, and state also, the amount of interest accrued on said debts for said year. 18. Revenue.* Under this head, state, 1st. Amount charged for tuition of students in the *The revenue and expenditure account should include only what accrued or was expended during the particular year referred to. Anything receiTed or expended in that year for arrears of former years, should not be included; the object of the statement being to show the true amount of revenue and expenditure (whether paid or unpaid) for the particular year to which it refers, in order to enable the regents to compare annual revenue with annual expenditures. 116 MANUAL OF THE college during said year, which has been collected or is considered collectable. 2d. Amount charged for room rent of students, use of library, &c., during said year, which has been collect- ed or is considered collectable. 3d. Interest or income of the permanent funds of the college, accrued during said year, which has been col- lected or is considered collectable. 4th. Income from any other and what source. State in one sum, the total amount of revenue from all the above sources. 19. Expenditure. Under this head, state liabilities incurred during the year on the following accounts : 1st. Salaries. 2d. Interest accrued during the year on debts due from the college. 3d. Repairs of college property. 4th. Fuel and all other incidental expenses. Total expenditure. 8 20. Price of Tuition. Under this head, state the particular prices charged for tuition, for room rent and contingent expenses; also, a general estimate of all other necessary annual expenses of a student in said college. 21. RemarJcs. Under this head, can be made any remarks which the trustees may have to make on any of the foregoing topics; also, any suggestions which the trustees or fac- BOARD or REGENTS. 117 ulty of the college may think proper to submit, on any subject connected with their particular institution, or with the general cause of education. 22. Close of Report. As the annual report of the college must be made by, or under the authority of its trustees, it will be necessary to state, affirmatively, at the close of the report, on what authority it is made, &c. If it be made by the trustees at a regular meeting held by them, (which would be the most regular way), it should be signed by the presiding officer of the board of trustees, for and in their behalf, and the seal of the college should be affixed to it. If the report be made by a committee of the board of trustees, appointed especially for that purpose, it should be signed by such committee in behalf of the trustees, and their appointment to make the report should be expressly stated. In either case the treasurer and secretary of the college should subscribe the report, affix or impress the corporate seal on it, &c., II. Medical Colleges, ob Medical Departmehts of LitebAbt COLLEQES. To the Regents of the University of the State of New York : The trustees of college, in compliance with a requisition of the regents of the univisersity, submit the following report for the last collegiate year, ending on the day of containing a just and true state- ment of facts, showing the progress and condition of said college (or in the medical department of said college), during and at the close of said year, in respect to the several subject matters following, viz: 118 MANUAL OP THE 1. Number and Description Professorships. The professorsMps in said college (or in the medical department of said college) during said year, as estab- lished by the trustees, were the following : (Here state each professorship, as known and defined by the statutes of the college ; and if any professorship be vacant, state the fact of such vacancy, when and from what cause it occurrred, and whether it is the intention of the trustees to fill the same, and when). 2. Faculty and other College Officers. The faculty of said college (or of the medical depart- ment of said college), including all persons charged with the duty of giving public instruction therein during said year, consisted of a president, &c. (Here state the number of professors, tutors, &c.) The other officers or servants of said college (or of the medical department of said college), charged with duties therein, other than those of public instruction, during said year, were : (Here state the number of such officers, with a description of their office, &c.) The names of the several persons holding offices or places in said college, or of the medical department of said college, during said year, with the offices or places held by them respectively, and the salaries or annual compensation for official services, allowed to each of them, were as follows : Namea of persons. Professorship or other ofSce held. Salary. BOARD OF REGENTS. 119 3. Number of Students. The whole number of students, attending the regular course of instruction during said year, was The number of the graduates of the last annual com- mencement was: (Here state when said annual com- mencement was held). The ages of the graduates being required by law to be 21 years, none have been admitted to the degree under that age, and the average age of the graduates at the last commencement, was probably 4. Classification of Students. The students attending said college (or medical de- partment) are classified as follows : Number attending their first course of lectures, " " second course " " " third course " Graduates in medicine, 5. College Terms or Sessions. The term or session for study in said college (or the medical department of said college), during said year, was the following: (Here state the length of the term). 6. Mode of Instruction. Under this head, state what was the general process of instruction adopted in the college, or of the medical department of said college during said year, whether that of analysis and recitation from, text hooks, or that of public lectures or hoth, and in what relative proportions. If public lectures were given, state on what subjects, whether the students were required to take notes of 120 MANUAL or THK them, and what test was applied to ascertain the extent of knowledge acquired by them from such lectures ; also, state how often on an average the students were required to recite, or attend lectures. 7. Discipline. Under this head, state the general principles of disci- pline adopted in the college, or of the medical department of said college, during said year; what was the general nature of the punishment inflicted; whether any and what discrimination of the relative merits of students was made, either in respect to scholarship, or behaviour, or both, and what evidence of such merits was preserved, or made public. Under this head, state what provision is made in the college or the medical department of said college, for the gratuitous education of indigent students, or for any other assistance to such students, what number of stu- dents during said year were educated, in whole or in part, gratuitously, or otherwise assisted out of such funds, or in any other manner. 8. Statutes or By-Laws of the College. The foregoing form of a collegiate report, requires each college to state in its annual report, specifically, what was actually done in the college during its last collegiate year, in reference to the most important sub- ject matters of its proceedings during that year. A copy of the statutes or by-laws of the college, as the same were in force during said year, should be transmitted with the first collegiate annual report, to be BOAKD OP REGENTS. 121 hereafter made to the regents of the university, that it may be seen what was required by such statutes to be done during said year. But after the first annual report to be made in pursuance of these instructions, and to be accompanied with a copy of said by-laws, a second copy need not be transmitted with subsequent reports, provided the alterations, if any, in the by-laws first sent, be noted, &c. 9. Description and Value of College Buildings. Under this head, state, 1st. The number, general extent and value of the college buildings and grounds appurtenant thereto. 2d. The number of books in the college library, with their general state of preservation, and estimate of value in the aggregate. 3d. A general description of chemical and philosophi- cal apparatus, &c., belonging to the college (without designating particulars), with an estimate of their value in the aggregate. State the total amount of the above values, to show the whole amount in value, of the college property used as permanent or fixed capital for purposes of instruction, &c. 10. Description and Value of other College Property. Under this head, give a general description and value of the property and funds of the college, other than what is included under the last preceding head, distin- guishing real from personal property; and stating the difi'erent kinds of personal property, such as bonds and mortgages, bank and other stock, &c., giving the general amount and value of each kind of property; and if any 11 122 MANUAL OF THE of the college funds be appropriated for any particular purpose, or are required to be kept invested in any par- ticular manner, state the amount of such funds, and whether they are applied to such purpose, or are invested in the manner required. State in one sum, the total estimated value of all the property described under this general head, after making all proper deductions for depreciation, insufficient secu- rities, &c. 11. Debts. State the whole amount of debts contracted by the trustees of the college, and remaining unpaid at the close of the last collegiate year; and if any debts were con- tracted during said year, state for what cause, or on what account they were contracted; and state also, the amount of interest accrued on said debts for said year. 12. Revenue, Ist. Amount collected or considered collectable during said year, on account of Matriculation fees. Graduation fees. 2d. Interest or income of funds, or rents of buildings accrued during said year, collected or considered col- lectable. 3d. Income from any other and what source. Total amount of revenue. 13. Expenditure. Amount paid or payable on liabilities incurred during said year, on the following accounts: 1st. For interest during said year on debts due from the college. BOARD OF REGENTS. 123 2d. For repairs of college property. Sd. For all incidental expenses not included in above. Total amount of expenditure. 14. Fees. Matriculation fee. Graduation fee. Full course of lectures. 15. Examinations and Giaduation. State the character of the examination for graduation, how much time it occupies, whether it is held before the whole faculty, or a committee, or individual profes- sors; and whether censors, not of the faculty, are asso- ciated with them. State whether the examination is oral, or by written or printed questions or topics, and if the latter, annex a copy to the report. State also the influence which examination has on graduation. 16. Remarl's. Under this head, can be stated any remarks which the trustees may have to make on any of the foregoing topics; also, any suggestions which the trustees or faculty of the college may think proper to submit, on any subject con- nected with their particular institution, or with the general cause of medical educatijn. 17. Close of liepori. As the annual report of the college must be made by, or under the authority of its trustees, it will be necessary to state, affirmatively, at the close of the report, on what authority it is made, &c. If it be made by the trustees at a regular meeting held by them, (which would be the most regular way), it should be signed by the presiding 124 MANUAL OF THE officer of the board of trustees, for and in their behalf, and the seal of the college should be affixed to it. If the report be made by a committee of the board of trus- tees, appointed especially for that purpose, it should be signed by such committee in behalf of the trustees, and their appointment to make the report should be expressly stated. In either case the treasurer and secretary of the college should subscribe the report, and affix or impress the corporate seal on it, &c. CHAPTEK IX. MISCELLANEOUS. Sec. 1. Full priced catalogues of philosophical and chemical apparatus may be obtained of the manufac- turers in Albany or New York, from which selections for purchases may be made. When the funds of an academy will admit of only limited purchases, the follow- ing order is recommended : 1. Globes, terrestrial and celestial, and maps. 2. Instruments for surveying. 3. Mechanical powers. 4. Hydrostatic apparatus. 5. Air Pump and Pneumatic apparatus. 6. Electrical apparatus. 7. Chemical apparatus. § 2. When an academy is incorporated or received under visitation, the library must be well furnished with works of reference on the subjects of academic study. BOARD OF KEGFNTS. 125 such as dictionaries of the English, Latin, Grreek and French languages, encyclopaedias, gazetteers and works on science, for the aid both of teachers and pupils. § 3. All scholars in the academic class, shall be exer- cised in composition and declamation alternately, as often as once in every week, and in spelling, reading and writ- ing, as often as thorough proficiency in those subjects shall require ; except that instead of declamation, females may be exercised in reading, with special regard to elocution. § 4. The regents will hold two general business ses- sions annually; the first to commence with the annual meeting prescribed by law, and the other to he held at the time of the university convocation, on or about the first Tuesday of August; each of said sessions shall be continued by daily adjournments during at least one week; and at each of said meetings all business of the board shall be in order, and as far as is consistent with the public interest, all business shall be transacted at such meetings. Eesolution of Jan. 15, 1864. 126 MANUAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF THE msriVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. [The following are the original acts instituting the University of the State of New York. Though they have been revised and amended, and are therefore not now in full force, they are here inserted as interesting historical records.} An Act for granting certain Privileges to tiib College here- tofore CALLED KIkg'sC OLLEGE, FOR ALTERING THE NamE AND Charter thereof, and erecting an University within this State. Passed the Ist Day op May, 1784. Whereas by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the late Colony of New-York, bearing Date the thirty- fifth Day of October, twenty-eigth Year of the Reign of George the Second, the King of Great-Britain, a certain Body Politic and Corporate, was created by the Name of the Governors of the College of the Province of New- York, in the City of New- York in America, with divers Privileges, Capacities and Immunities, as in and by the said Patent will more fully appear. And whereas there are many Vacancies in the said Corporation, occasioned by the Death or Absence of a great Number of the Governors of the said Coliegei BOARD OF REGENTS. 127 whereby the Succession is so greatly broke in upon as to require the Interposition of the Legislature. Anil whereas the remaining Governors of the said College, desirous to render the same extensively useful, have prayed, that the said College may be erected into an University, and that such other Alterations may be made in the Charter, or Letters of Incorporation above recited, as may render them more conformable to the liberal Principles of the Constitution of this State; I. JSe it therefore enacted by the People of the State of New- York, rej>reseiited in Senate and Asserttbly, and it is hereby enacted bi/ the Authorltij of the same. That all the Rights, Privileges, and Immunities heretofore vested in the Corporation, heretofore known by the Name of the Grovernors of the College of the Province of New-York in the City of New- York, in America, so far as they relate to the Capacity of holding or disposing of Property, either real or personal, of suing or being sued, of making Laws or Ordinances for their own Government, or that of their Servants. Pupils and others, under their Care, and subject to their Direction, of appointing, displacing and paying Stewards, and other inferior Servants; of making, holding and having a common Seal, of altering and changing the same at pleasure, be and they hereby are vested in the Regents of the University of the State of Xew-York, who are hereby erected into a Corporation or a Body Corporate and Politic, and enabled to hold, possess and enjoy the above-mentioned Rights. Franchises, Privileges and Immunities, together with such others as are contained in this Act, by the Name and Stile of the 128 MANUAL OF THE Regents of the University of the State of New- York, of whom the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, the President of the Senate for the Time being, the Speaker of the Assembly, the Mayor of the City of New- York, and the Mayor of the City of Albany, the Attorney-General and the Secretary of State respectively for the Time being, be and they hereby are severally constituted perpetual Regents, in Virtue of their several and respective Offices, Places and Stations; and together with other Persons herein after named, to the Number of twenty-four, to wit, Henry Broekholst Livingston and Robert Harpur, of thcf City of New- York; Walter Livingston and Christopher Yates, of the County of Albany ; Anthony Hoffman and Cornelius Humfrey, of the County of Dutchess; Lewis Morris and Philip Pell, jun. of the County of Vt'estches- ter; Henry Wisner and John Haring, of the County of Orange; Christopher Tappen and James Clinton, of the County of Ulster; Christopher P. Yates and James Livingston, of the County of Montgomery; Abraham Bancker and John C. Dongan, of the County of Rich- mond; Matthew Clarkson and Rutger Van Brunt, of the County of Kings; James Townsend and Thomas Law- rence, of tjic County of Queens; Ezra L'Hommedieu and Caleb Smith, of the County of Suffolk; and John Wil- liams and John Mc. Crea, of the County of Washington, be and they hereby are appointed Regents of the said University, and it shall and may be lawful to and for the Clergy, of the respective religious Denominations in this State, to meet at such Time and Place as they shall deem proper after the passing of this Act, and being so BOARD OF REGENTS 129 met, shall by a Majority of Voices of those who so meet choose and appoint one of their Body to be a Regent in the said University; and in Case of Death or Resignation, to choose and appoint another in the same Manner; and the Regent, so chosen and appointed, shall have the like Powers as any other Regent, appointed or to he appointed by Virtue of this Act. And to the End, that a Succes- sion of Regents be perpetually kept up ; II. Be it further enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That whenever and so often as one or more of the Jlegents of the said University, not being such in Virtue of his or their Office, Place or Station, shall remove his or their Place of Residence from within this State, shall resign or die, that the Place or Places of such Regent or Regents so removing, resigning or dying, shall be filled up by the Governor or Person administering the Grovernment of the State for the Time being, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Council of Appoint- ment, so that such Appointments be of Persons resident in the Counties respectively wherein the former Regents did reside, other than where such Vacancy may happen, of a Regent appointed by the Clergy as aforesaid. III. And he it further enacted by the Authority afore- said, That as soon as may be after the passing of this Act, the Regents of the said University shall by plurality of Voices, choose a Chancellor, a Vice-Chancellor, a Treasurer and a Secretary from among the said Regents; the said Chancellor, or in his Absence the Vice-Chan- cellor to preside at all Elections and other Meetings to be held by the said Regents, and to have the casting 130 MANUAL OF THE Vote upon every Division : And for the vrell ordering and directing of the said Corporation ; IV. Be it further enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That the Regents of the said University, or a Majority of them, shall be, and hereby are vested with full Power and Authority, to ordain and make Ordinances and By- Laws for the Government of the several Colleges which may or shall compose the said University^ and the several Presidents, Proffessors, Tutors, F«llows, Pupils and Servants thereof; and for the Management of such Estate as they may and shall be invested with ; that they* shall have full Power and Authority to determine the Salaries of the Officers and Servants of the said College, to remove from Office any such President, Prof43ssor, Tutor, Fellow or Servant as they conceive, after a full hearing, to have abused their Trust, or to be incompetent thereto. Provided nevertheless, That no Fine to be levied by Virtue of the said Laws or Ordinances shall exceed the Value of one Bushel of Wheat for any one Offence, and that no Pupil or Student shall be suspended for a longer Term than twenty Days, or be *rcsticated or expelled, but upon a fair and full Hearing of the Parties by the Chancellor or Vice-Chancellor of the said University, and at least ten of the Regents not being President or Professors of the College to which the Person accused belongs, or under whose immediate Directions the same may be, and the said Regents are hereby further empow- ered and directed as soon as may be, to elect a President and Professors for the College heretofore called Kings- * So in the original act. BOARD OF REOENTS. 131 College, which President shall continue in Place during the pleasure of the Eegents of the Uniyersity : And that from and after the first Election, the said President and all future Presidents shall be elected from out of the Professors of the several Colleges that may or shall com- pose the said University; and that no Professor shall be in any Wise whatsoever accounted * intelligible, for, or by Reason of any religious Tenet or Tenets, that he may or shall possess or be compelled by any By-Law or other- wise to take any religious Test-Oath whatsoever: And io the End that the Intention of the Donors and Bene- factors of the said before mentioned College be not de- feated. V. £e it further enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That all the Estate, whether real or personal, which the said Governors of the Corporation of Kings-College held by Virtue of the said before mentioned Charter, be hold and possessed by the said Regents, and applied solely to the Use of the said College ; and that the said Regents may, and they hereby are empowered to receive and hold for the Use of ths said College an Estate of the annual Value of Three Thousand and Five Hundred Pounds, in Manner specifyed in the said first above recited Charter or Letters Patent of Incorporation : and for the further Promotion of Learning and the Extention of Literature. VI. Be it further enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That the said Regents may hold and possess Estates real and personal to the annual Amount of forty thousand Bushels of Wheat, over and above all Profits arising from Room Rent or Tuition Money, and that whenever any *So in the original act. 132 MAN AL OF THE Lands, Tenements or Hereditaments, or other Estate real or personal, shall be given, granted or conveyed to the Kegents of the University of the State, without expressing any Designation thereof, such Estate shall be applied in such Manner as to the said Regents shall seem most advantageous to the said University. Provided alvtays, That whenever any Gift, Grant, Bequest, Devise or Conveyance, shall express the par- ticular Use to which the same is to be applied, if adequate thereto, it shall be so applied and no otherwise. VII. And he it further enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That the said Regents be, and they hereby are empowered, to found Schools and Colleges in any part of this State, as may seem expedient to them, and to endow the same, vesting such Colleges so endowed with full and ample Powers to confer the Degrees of Batche- lor of Arts, and directing the Manner in which such Colleges are to be governed, always reserving to the Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor of the University, and a certain Number of the Regents to be appointed by a Majority of the said Regents, a Right to visit and exam- ine into the State of Literature in such College, and to the Regents at large, any Deficiency in the Laws of such College, or neglect in the Execution thereof, every such School or College being at all Times to be deemed a Part of the University, and as such, subject to the Controul and Direction of the said Regents; and if it should so happen, that any Person or Persons, or any Body Politic or Corporate, should at his or their Expense, found any College or School, and endow the same with an Estate BOARD OF REQiNTS. 133 real or personal, of the yearly Value of one Thousand Bushel of Wheat, that such School or College shall, on the Application of the Founder or Founders, or their Heirs or Successors, be considered as composing a Part of the said University; and the Estate thereunto an- nexed, shall he and hereby is vested in the said Kegents of the University, to be applied according to the Inten- tion of the Donor; and that the said Founder and Founders, and their Heirs, or if a Body Corporate, their Successors, shall be, and hereby are forever hereafter entitled to send a Representative for such College or School, who, together with the President, (if the Estate is applied to the Use of the College) shall be and they hereby are at all Times hereafter to be considered as Eegents of the said University, and vested with like Powers and Authorities in all Things, as in and by this Act is given to the other Regents of the said University, and the said College or School, shall in all Things not particularly restricted by the Donor, conform to the general Laws and Regulation of the said University. Provided, That nothing in this Act contained, shall be construed to deprive any Person or Persons, of the Eight to erect such Schools or Colleges as to him or them may seem proper, independent of the said Univer- sity. VIII. And he it further enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That whenever any religious Body or Society of Men, shall deem it proper to institute a Professorship in the said University, for the Promotion of their particular religious Tenets, or for any other Purpose not inconsis- 12 134 MANUAL OF THE tent with Religion, Morality, and the Laws of the State, and shall appropriate a Fund for that Purpose, not being less than two Hundred Bushels of Wheat per Annum, that the Regents of the said University shall cause the same to be applied as the Donors shall direct, for the Purposes above mentioned, the said Professors so to be appointed, to be subject to tte like Rules, Laws and Ordinances as other the Professors of the said University, and entitled to the like Immunities and Privileges. IX. And he it further enacted hy the Authority afore- said^ That the said Regents and their Successors, forever, shall and may have full Power and Authority, by the Chancellor or Vice-Chancellor of the said University, or any other Person or Persons by them authorised or appointed to give and grant to any of the Students of the said University, or to any Person or Persons thought worthy thereof, all such Degrees as well in Divinity, Philosophy, civil and municipal Laws, as in every other Art, Science and Faculty whatsoever, as are or may be conferred by all or any of the Universities in Europe ; and that the Chancellor or in his Absence the Vice- Chancellor of the said University for the Time being, do sign and seal with the Seal of the said Corporation, Diplomas or Certificates of such Degrees having been given, other than the Degree of Batchelor of Arts, which shall and may be granted by the President of the Col- lege, in which the Person taking the. same, shall have been gratuated, and the Diplomas shall be signed by the said President ; that the Persons to be elected Fellows, Professors or Tutors aforesaid, be also Regents of the BOARD OF REGENTS. 135 said University, Ed officiis, and capable of voting in every Case relative only to the respective Colleges to which they shall belong, excepting in such Cases wherein they shall respectively be personally concerned or inter- ested. X. And he it farther enacted hi/ the Authority aforesaid, That the College within the City of New- York, hereto- fore called King's College, be forever hereafter called and known by the Name of Columbia College. As Act to amesd au Act, entitled, As Act fob gkantiso cer- TAIH PkIVILEGES to the CoLIiEGE, HERETOFORE CALLED KlNO'S College, for alterisg the Name and Charter thereof, and ERECTING AN UNIVERSITY WITHIN THIS StATB. (PaSSCd the 1st Day of May 1784) Passed 26tli Nov. 1784. Whereas it is represented to the Legislature, that from the dispersed Residences of many of the Regents of the University of this State, and the Largeness of the Quorum, who are made capable of Business, the Interest and Prosperity of the said University have been greatly obstructed. And it is also represented that certain Doubts have arisen in the Construction of the Act, en- titled, "An Act for granting certain Privileges to the College heretofore called King's College, for altering the Name and Charter thereof, and erecting an University within this State, passed the first Day of May 1784." For Remedy whereof, I. Be it enacted hy the People of the State of New- York, represented in Senate and Assemhly, and it is hereby enacted hy the Authority of the same. That in Addition to the Regents appointed in and by the before- 136 MANUAL or THE mentioned Act, the several Persons herein after-named, shall be, and hereby respectively are constituted Regents of the said Univeisity, (that is to say) John Jay, Samuel Provost, John H. Livingston, John Rodgers, John Mason, John Ganoe, John Daniel Gros, Johann Ch. Kunze, Joseph Delaplain, Gershom Seixas, Alexander Hamilton, John Lawrence, John Eutherford, Morgan Lewis, Leon- ard Lispenard, John Cochran, Charles McKnight, Thomas Jones, Malaehi Treat and Nicholas Remain of New- York; Peter W. Yates, Matthew Visscher and Hunlock Woodruff, of Albany; George J. L. Doll of Ulster; John Vanderbilt, of Kings; Thomas Remain, of Montgomery; Samuel Buel of Suffolk; Gilbert Living- ston, of Dutchess; Nathan Kerr, of Orange; Ebenezer Lockwood, of Westchester, John Lloyd, jun. of Queens; Harmanus Garrison of Richmond; and Ebenezer Russel of Washington : And that the said respective Regents hereby constituted, shall enjoy the same Power and Au- thority, as are granted to and vested in the other Regents appointed by the said Act, as fully and effectually, as if they had been therein expressly named. II. And be it further enacted hy the Authority a/ore- said, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the Chancellor of the said University, and in his Absence the Vice-Chancellor, and in the Absence of both, the Regent next nominated in the before mentioned Act, who shall be present together with any eight or more of the Regents duly convened to form a Quorum of Regents for the Dispatch of the Business and Affairs of the said University, whose Acts and Proceedings shall be as valid BOARD OP REGENTS. 137 and effectual to all Intents and Purposes, as if all the Members of the said Regency were actually present. Provided always, That to constitute a legal Meeting of the Eegents, the Time and Place for holding the same, shall be previously fixed by the Chancellor, or in his Absence the Vice-Chancellor, or in the Absence of both, the Regent next noaiinated in the said Act, by writing under his Hand, and Notice thereof signed by the Sec- retary of the University, shall previously be advertised in one of the public News-Papers, for at least two Weeks, to give all the Regents within a convenient Distance, an Opportunity of attending. III. And he it farther enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That there shall be an annual Meeting of the Re- gents of the said University, which shall be held at the Time and Place where the Legislature shall first be convened, after the first Monday of July in every Year, and at every such Meeting the Acts and Proceedings of the Regents of the said University shall be reported and examined. IV. And he it further enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That it shall and may be lawful to, and for the Clergy of each respective religious Denomination in this State, respectively to meet at such Time and Place as they shall deem proper, after the passing of this Act, and then and there, by a Majority of Voices of the Members of each respective Denomination so assembled, to elect one of each of their respective Bodies, to be a Regent of the said University, and in Case of Death or Resignation, to elect Successors in the same Manner; 138 MANUAL OF THE and every Kegent so elected shall have the like Powers as any Regent constituted by this Act, or the act hereby amended. V. And he it further enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That the next Meeting of the Regents of the said University, shall be held at the Senate Chamber, the Day after the rising of the Legislature, if that Day shall not happen on Sunday, in which Case, the said Meeting shall be held on the Day succeeding, and a sufficient Quorum of the Regents being assembled, shall have Power to adjourn from Time to Time, and to any Place they shall think fit for the Dispatch of the Business of the said Unsversity. VI. And he it further enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the Treasurer of this State, and he is hereby authorised and required to advance to the Treasurer of the said Univer- sity for the Use of Columbia College a Sum not exceed- ing Two Thousand Five Hundred and Fifty-two Pounds, for which the said Regents shall be accountable, out of the Funds of the said Columbia College. An Act to Institdte ah Univebsitt within thm State, and for other pcrposes therein mentioned. Passed 1.3th April, 1787. Whereas, by two Acts of the Legislature of the State of New- York, the one passed the first Day of May, and the other the Twenty-sixth Day of JVbwem6«r, One-Thou- sand Seven Hundred and Eighty-four, an University is instituted within this State, in the manner, and with the BOARD OF REGENTS. 139 Powers therein specified : And whereas, from the Repre- sentation of the Regents of the said University, it appears that there are Defects in the Constitution of the said University, which call for Alterations and Amendments : And whereas a Number of Acts on the same Subject, amending, correcting and altering former Ones, tend to render the same less intelligible and easy to he understood; Wherefore, to the End that the Constitution of the said University may be properly amended, and appear entire in one Law, it will be expedient to delineate and establish the same in this, and repeal all former Acts relative thereto : I. £e it enacted hy the People of the State, of New- Yorkj represented in Senate and Assembly, and it is hereh Enacted by the Authority of the same, That an University be, and is hereby instituted within this State, to be called and known by the Name or Style of, Ihe Regents of the University of the State of New-Yoek. That the said Regents shall always be Twenty-one in Number, of which the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of the State for the Time being, shall always, in Virtue of their Offices, he Two. That the Governor and Lieutenant Governor, and John Rodgers, Egbert Benson, Philip Schuyler, Ezra L' Hommedieu, Nathan Carr, Peter Sylvester, John Jay, Dirck Romeyn, James Livingston, Ebenezer Russell, Lewis llorris, Matthew Clarkson, Benjamin Moore, Ei- lardus Westerloo, Andrew King, William Lynn, Jonathan G. Thompkins, John M' Donald, and Frederick William De Steuben, shall be, and hereby are appointed the present Regents; and that they, and all the future Regents, 140 MANUAL OF THE shall continue in Place during the Pleasure of the Legis- lature. That all Vacancies in the Regency which may happen by Death or Removal, or Resignation, shall, from Time to Time, be supplied by the Legislature, in the Manner in which Delegates to Congress are appointed. That the said Regents, as soon as may be after the pass- ing of this Act, shall convene at such Time and Place as the Governor shall appoint, and by Plurality of Voices, by Ballot, choose a Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor, to continue in Office during the Pleasure of the said Re- gents. That the said Chancellor, or in his Absence from the said Meeting, the Vice-Chancellor, or in Case both be absent, then the senior Regent present (and whose Seniority shall be decided by the Order in which the Regents are named or appointed) shall preside; and in Case of Division, have a casting Voice at all Meetings of the said Regents. That all Meetings of the said Regents, after the First, shall be held at such Time and Place as .the Chancellor, or in Case of his Death, Absence from the State, or Resignation, the Vice-Chancellor, or in Case of the Death, Absence from the State, or Resigna- tion of both of them, then at such Time and Place as the senior Regent present in the State, shall appoint. And it shall be the Duty of the Chancellor, Vice-Chan- cellor, or Senior Regent, as the Case in Virtue of the above Contingencies may be, to order and call a Meet- ing of the 'said Regents, whenever and as often as three Regents shall, in Writing, apply for and request the same; such Order or Call to be published in one or more of the public News-Papers in the City of New- York, at BOARD OF REGENTS. 141 least ten Days prior to such Meeting. And further, That any Eiijht of the said Regents meeting at the Time and Place so ordered, shall be a Quorum, and be enabled to transact and do the Business which by this Act they shall be authorised or directed to do and transact. That the said University shall be, and hereby is incorporated, and shall be known by the Name of The Regents of the University of the State o/ New-York, and by that Name shall have perpetual Succession, and Power to sue and be sued, to hold Property, real and personal, to the Amount of the annual Income of Forty Thousand Bush- els of Wheat : to buy and to sell, and otherwise lawfully dispose of Lands and Chattels; to make and use a com- mon Seal, and to alter the same at Pleasure. II. And be it further Unacted by the Authority afore- said, That the said Corporation shall appoint, by Ballot, a Treasurer and a Secretary, to continue in OiSce during the Pleasure of the Corporation. That the Treasurer shall keep fair and true Accounts of all Monies by him received and paid out; and that the Secretary shall keep a fair Journal of the Meetings and Proceedings of the Corporation, in which the Yeas and Nays on all Ques- tions shall be entered, if required by any one of the Regents present. And to all the Books and Papers of the Corporation, every Regent shall always have Access, and be permitted to take Copies of them. III. And be it further Unacted by the Authority afore- said, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Regents, and they are hereby authorised and required to visit and inspect all the Colleges, Academies and Schools, 142 MANUAL OP THE which are or may be established in this State ; examine into the State and System of Education and Discipline therein, and make a yearly Report thereof to the Legis- lature; and also to visit every College in this State once a Year, by themselves or by their Committees; and yearly to report the State of the same to the Legislature; and to make such Bye-Laws and Ordinances, not incon- sistent with the Constitution and Laws of the State, as they may judge most expedient for the Accomplishment of the Trust hereby reposed in them. And in Case the Trustees of the said Colleges, or any of them, shall leave the OflSce of President of the College, or the Trustees of any Academy, shall leave the Office or Place of Prin- cipal of the Academy vacant, for the Space of one Year, it shall, in all such Cases, be lawful for the Regents, unless a reasonable Cause shall be assigned for such Delay, to their Satisfaction, to fill up such Vacancies; and the Per- sons by them appointed shall continue in Office during the Pleasure of the Regents, and shall respectively be received by the College or Academy to which they may be appointed, and shall have all the Powers, and exactly the same Salary, Emoluments and Privileges, as his next immediate Predecessor in Office enjoyed, if any Prede- cessor he had; if not, then such Salary as the Regents shall direct, to be paid by the Trustees, who shall, out of the Funds or Estate of their College or Academy, be compellable by the said President or Principal to pay the same. IV. And be it further enacted hy the Authority afore- said. That the said Regents shall have the Right of eon- BOARD OF REGENTS. 143 ferring, by Diplomas under their common Seal, on any Person or Persons whom they may think worthy thereof, all suoh Degree or Degrees, above or beyond those of Batchelor or Master of Arts, as are known to and usually granted by an University or College in Europe. V. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Regents, from Time to Time, to apply such Part of their Estate and Funds, in suoh Manner as they may think most conducive to the Promotion of Literature, and the Advancement of useful Knowledge within this State. Provided always, That where Grants shall be made to them for certain Uses and Purposes therein expressed and declared, the same shall not be- applied, either in Whole or in Part, to any other Uses. VI. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority afore- sasd, That the Regents shall annually meet on the sec- ond Thursday next after the Senate and Assembly, at the annual Session of the Legislature, shall have formed a Quorum respectively, and at the Assembly-Chamber, immediately after the Assembly shall have adjourned. That the said Regents, at such Meetings, and all others, may adjourn from Time to Time, not exceeding ten Days at any one Time. VII. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That any Citizen or Citizens, or Bodies Corporate, within this State, being minded to found a College at any Place within the same, he or they shall, in "Writing, make known to the Regents, the Place where, the Plan on which, and the Funds with which it is intended to 144 MANUAL OF THE found and provide for the same, and who are proposed for the first Trustees; and in Case the Kegents shall approve thereof, then they shall declare their Approba- tion, by an Instrument under their common Seal, and allow a convenient Time for completing the same. And if at the Expiration of the said Time, it shall appear to the Satisfaction of the Regents, that the said Plan and Propositions are fully executed, then they shall, by Act under their common Seal, declare, that the said College, to be named as the Founders shall signify, and with such Trustees, not 'exceeding Twenty-four, nor less than ten, as they shall Name, shall forthwith become incorporated, and shall have perpetual Succession, and enjoy all the corporate Rights and Privileges enjoyed by Columbia Colhge, herein after mentioned. VIII. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That the Charter heretofore granted to the Governors of the College of the Province oi New- York, in the City of New- York, in America, dated the Thirty- first Day of October, in the Year of our Lord One Thou- sand Seven Hundred and Fifty-four, shall be, and hereby is fully and absolutely ratified and confirmed, in all Respects, except that the College thereby established, shall be henceforth called Columbia College: That the Stile of the said Corporation shall be, The Trustees of Columbia College, in the City of New- York ; and that no Persons shall be Trustees of the same, in Virtue of any Offices, Characters or Descriptions whatever; except- ing also such Clauses thereof as require the taking of Oaths, and subscribing the Declaration therein mention- BOARD OP REGENTS. . 145 ed; and wticli render a Person ineligible to the Office of President of the College, on Account of his religious Tenets, and prescribe a Form of public Prayer to be used in the said College; and also excepting the Clause thereof which provides, that the Bye-Laws and Ordi- nances to be made in Pursuance thereof, should not be repugnant to the Laws and Statutes of that Part of the Kingdom of Great-Britain, called England; except also, that in all Cases where fifteen Governors are required to constitute a Quorum for the Dispatch of Business, thir- teen Trustees shall be sufficient. Provided always, That the Bye-Laws and Ordinances to be made by the Trus- tees of the said Columbia College, shall not be contrary to the Constitution and Laws of this State. IX. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority afore- said, That James Duane, Samuel Provost, John H. Liv- ingston, Richard Yarick, Alexander Hamilton, John Mason, James Wilson, John Gano, Brockholst Livingston, Robert Harper, John Daniel Gross, Johann Christofi Kwnze, Walter Livingston, Lewis A. Scott, Joseph Dela- plaine, Leonard Lispenard, Abraham Beach, John Law- rance, John Rutherford, Morgan Lewis, John Cochran, Gershom Seixas, Charles M'Knight, Thomas Jones Malachi Treat, Samuel Bard, Nicholas Romein, Benja- min Kissam, and Ebenezer Crosby, shall be, and they are hereby constituted and declared to be the present Trustees of Columbia College, in the City of New- York, and that when by the Death or Resignation, or Removal of any of the said Trustees, the Number of those Trustees shall be reduced to Twenty-four, then and from thence- 13 146 MANUAL OF THE forth the said Twenty-four Trustees shall be, and they hereby are declared and constituted Trustees of the said Columbia Collage, in perpetual Succession, according to the true Intent and Meaning of the said Charter; and all Vacancies thereafter, shall be supplied in the Man- ner thereby directed. X. And be it further Unacted by the Authority afore- said, That all and singular the Power, Authority, Eights, Privileges, Franchises and Immunities, so here- tofore granted to, and vested in the said Governors of the College of the Province oi New-York, in the City of New-York, in America, by the said Charter, excepting as before excepted, shall be, and the same hereby are granted to and vested in the Trustees of Columbia Col- lege, in the City of New-York, and their Successors forever, as fully and effectually, to all Intents and Pur- poses, as if the same were herein particularly specified and expressed; and all and singular the Lands, Tene- ments, Hereditaments and real Estate, Goods, Chattels, Rents, Annuities, Monies, Books and other Property, whereof the said Governors of the College of the Province of New-York, in the City of New-York, in America, were seised, possessed or entitled, under and in Virtue of the said Charter, or with which the Eegents of the said University were invested, under or by Virtue of the said Acts, for the Use or Benefit of the said Columhta College, shall be, and the same hereby are, granted to and vested in the said Trustees of Columbia College, in the City of New- York, and their Successors forever, for the sole Use and Benefit of the said College; and it BOARD or REGENTS. 147 shall and may be lawful to and for tlie said Trustees, and their Successors, to grant, bargain, sell, demise, improve, and dispose of the same, as to them shall seem meet. Provided always, That the Lands given and granted to the Grovernors of the College of the Province of New-York, in the City of New-York, m America, by the Corporation, heretofore stiled. The Rector and In- habitants of the City of New-York, in Communion of the Church of England, as hy Law established, on Part whereof the said College is greeted, shall not be granted for any greater Estate, or in any other Manner, than is limited by the said Charter, XI. And be it further Enacted by the Authority afore- said. That when any special Meeting of the Trustees of the said College, shall be deemed necessary, it shall and may be lawful to and for the senior Trustee of the said College, then in the City of New- York, and taking upon himself the Exercise of the Office (which Seniority shall be determined according to the Order in which the said Trustees are named in this Act, and shall be elected hereafter) and he is hereby authorised and required, on Application for that Purpose in Writing, under the Hands of any five or more of the said Trustees, to ap- point a Time for such special Meeting, in some conve- nient Place within the said City, and to cause due Notice thereof to be given in the Manner directed by the said Charter. XII. And whereas Academies for the Instruction of Youth in the Languages, and other Branches of useful Learning, have been erected and instituted in diflferent 148 MANUAL OP THE Parts of this State, by the free and liberal Benefactions of Corporations, as well as Individuals; and the Regents of the University having represented, that the Appoint- ment and Incorporation of Trustees for each of the said Academies, with competent Powers to manage the Funds already appropriated, and the Donations which may be made to such Academies, and to superintend the Morals and Education of the Scholars, and the Conduct of the Principal, Masters, and Teachers, would greatly conduce to their Security and Prosperity; Therefore, Be it fur- ther Unacted by the Authority aforesaid, That upon the Application of the Founders and Benefactors of any Academy, now or hereafter to be erected or established within any of the Cities or Counties of this State, or as many of them as shall have contributed more than one Half in Value of the real and personal Property and Estate, collected or appropriated for the Use and Benefit thereof, by an Instrument in Writing, under their Hands and Seals, to the Regents of the University, expressing their Request, that such Academy should be incorporated, and be subject to the Visitation of the Regents, nominating in such Instrument the Trustees, not more than Twenty-four or less than Twelve, for such Academy, and specifying the Name by which the said Trustees shall be called and distinguished ; and when- ever any such Request shall be made to the said Regents, they shall, in every such Case, (if they conceive such Academy calculated for the Promotion of Literature) by an Instrument under their common Seal, signify their Approbation of the Incorporation of the Trustees BOARD or REGENTS. 149 of such Academy, named by the Founders thereof, by the Name mentioned in and by their said Request in Writing; which said Eequest in Writing, and Instru- ment of Approbation by the said Regents, shall be recorded in the Secretary's Office of the State. XIII. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid^ That the Trustees so constituted shall be the first Trustees for the Academy for which they shall be appointed, and immediately after recording the said Request in Writing, and Instrument of Approbation shall be legally invested with all the real and personal Estate appertaining to such Academy, or in any wise given or granted for the Use thereof; and the said Trustees, from the Time of their Appointment as afore- said, and their Successors forever thereafter, shall be a Body Corporate and Politic, in Deed, Fact and Name, known and distinguished by the Name and Stile to be expressed in the said Instrument; and by that Name shall have perpetual Succession, and be capable in the Law to sue and be sued, and defend and be defended, in all Courts, and in all Causes, Plaints, Controversies, Matters and Things whatsoever; and by the same Name and Stile, they and their Successors shall lawfully hold, use and enjoy the Lands, Tenements and Hereditaments, in any wise appertaining to the Academy for which they shall be constituted Trustees, and shall and may lawfully have, take, acquire, purchase and enjoy Lands, Tenements and Hereditaments, and use and improve such Goods and Chattels, in such Manner as they shall judge to be most beneficial for such Academy; Provided, 150 MANUAI, or THE That the annual Revenue or Income arising from the real and personal Estate of any such Academy, shall not exceed the Value of Four Thousand Bushels of Wheat; any Law, Usage or Custom to the Contrary notwith- standing. XIV. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That it shall and may he lawful to and for such Trustees, and their Successors forever, to have and use a common Seal, and the same to alter, break and make a-new at their Pleasure. And as often as any three or more of the said Trustees shall think fit, and signify their Request, the senior Trustee actually exer- cising his Office, and residing within three Miles of such Academy, shall call a Meeting of the said Trustees, at such convenient Time and Place as he shall appoint, not less than eight nor more than twelve Days from the Time of such Request, of which previous Notice in Writing shall be affixed on the Door of the Academy, and of the Church nearest thereto, within two Days after such Appointment ; and at every such Meeting the senior Trustee shall preside; such Seniority in all Cases to be determined according to the Order of their Nomi- nation in the said Instrument, or according to the Pri- ority of Election after all the first Trustees shall become extinct: And the major Part of such Trustees shall always be a sufficient Quorum to proceed on Business, and shall have full Power and Authority to adjourn from Time to Time, not exceeding seven Days at any one Time, as the Duties of their Trust may require. And it shall and may be lawful to and for such Quorum BOARD OF BEQENTS. 151 of the said Trustees, when assembled and met in Manner aforesaid, or the major Part of them, from Time to Time- to appoint a Treasurer and Clerk, Principal, Masters, Tutors, Teachers and other necessary Officers ; to ascer- tain their respective Salaries, and to remove and displace any of them at their Pleasure ; and to make Bye-Laws for the Admission, Education, Government and Disci- pline of the Scholars or Students, and the Establishment of the Price or Terms of Tuition; for securing, revising and paying out and disposing of the Revenues, and in general for conducting and managing the Estate, Busi- ness and Affairs of the said Academy, and every Matter and Thing relating thereto, in such Manner as they shall judge to be most conducive to its Interest and Prosperity, and the End of their Trust. XV. And in Order to preserve the Succession of Trustees for the said Academies respectively; Be it fur- ther Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That whenever a Vacancy shall happen in any Corporation of Trustees, by the Death, Resignation or Refusal to act of any Trustee, it shall and may be lawful to and for the Trus- tees of such Academy, and they are hereby authorized and required, at any legal Meeting of the Trustees, to elect and choose a fit Person to fill up and supply such Vacancy. XVI. And for the greater Encouragement of such Academies, and to render them more useful and respec- table; Be it further Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That the Regents of the University shall be Visitors of such Academies, and the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, 152 MANUAL OF THE or a Committee of the Regents, shall, as often as they see proper, visit such Academies, to enquire into the State and Progress of Literature therein. XVII. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That when any Scholar who shall be educated at any of the said Academies, on due Examination hy the President and Professors of Columbia College, or any other College, subject to the Visitation of the said Regents, shall be found competent, in the Judgment of the said President and Professors, to enter into the Sophomore, Junior or Senior Classes, of such Colleges respectively, such Scholar shall be entitled to an Admis- sion into such of the said Classes for which he shall be so adjudged competent, and shall be admitted accord- ingly, at any one of the quarterly Examinations of such respective Classes. XVIII. Provided always, and be if further Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That to entitle the Scholars of any such Academy to the Privileges aforesaid, the Trustees thereof shall lay before the Regents of the said University, from Time to Time, the Plan or System proposed to be adopted, for the Education of the Stu- dents in each of the said Academies respectively, in order that the same may be revised and examined by the said Regents, and by them be altered or amended, or approved and confirmed, as they shall judge proper. XIX. And be it further Enacted by the Authority aforesaid. That whenever it shall appear to the said Regents, that the State of Literature in any Academy is so far advanced, and the Funds will admit thereof, that BOARD OF REGENTS 153 it may be expedient that a President be appointed for such Academy ; the said Regents shall, in such Case, signify their Approbation thereof, under their common Seal, which being entered of Record as aforesaid, shall authorise the Trustees of such Academy to elect a Pre- sident, who shall have, hold and enjoy all the Powers that the President of any College recognized by this Act, shall or may lawfully have, hold and enjoy; and such Academy thereafter, instead of being called an Academy, shall be called and known by the same Name it was called while it was an Academy, except that the Word College shall be used in all Oases, instead of the Word Academy; and be subject to the like Rules, Regulations, Controul and Visitation of the Regents, as other Colleges mentioned in this Act. XX. And he it further Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That no President or Professor shall be ineli- gible for or by Reason of any religious Tenet or Tenets that he may or shall profess ; or be compelled by any Law or otherwise, to take any Test Oath whatsoever; and no Professor or Tutor of any College or Academy recognized by this Act, shall be a Trustee of any such College or Academy, nor shall any President of any College, or Principal of any Academy, who shall be a Trustee, have a Vote in any Case relating to his own Salary or Emoluments ; nor shall any Trustee, President, Principal, Tutor, Fellow, or other Officer of any College or Academy, be a Regent of the University. XXI. And be it further Enacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That whenever any Person now or hereafter 154 MANUAL OF THE appointed a Trustee of any College or Academy, shall be appointed or elected a Regent of tha University, and whenever any Person being a Regent of the University, shall be appointed or elected a Trustee of any College or Academy, such Person so appointed or elected shall, on due Notice thereof, decide and elect in which of the said Places he will serve, and by Writing under his Hand, shall make known such Election, whether of Refusal or Acceptance, to those by whom he was elected, to the End that such Appointment may take Effect, in Case he accept it, or that they proceed to a new Ap- pointment, in Case he refuse it. XXII. And be it further Unacted hy the Authority aforesaid, That the Act, entitled, An Act for granting certain Privileges to the College heretofore called King's College, for altering the Name and Charter thereof, and erecting an University within this State, passed the 1st Day of May, 1784; and the Act, entitled. An Act to amend an Act, entitled. An Act for granting certain Pri- vileges to the College heretofore called King's College, for altering the Name and Charter thereof, and erecting an University within this State, passed the 26th Day of November, 1784, be, and they are hereby severally repealed. BOARD OF REGENTS. 155 LIST OF REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, Arranged in order of succession, as elected by the two Houses of Hue Legislature. [The Grovernor and Lieut. Governor have been ex-officio members of the Board of Regents since its organization. The Secretary of State since the year 1842. The Super- intendent of Public Instruction since 1851.] No. 1. 1. Rev. John Rodgers, D. D., April 13, 1787. Deceased. 2. Joseph C. Yates, - - - Feb. 28, 1812. Resigned. 3. Prosper M. Wetmore, - April 4, 1833. M.2. 1. Egbert Benson, LL. D., April 13, 1787. Resigned. 2. John Tayler, - - Feb. 1, 1802. Deceased. 3. John Suydam, - Mar. 31, 1829. Deceased. 4. Washington Irving, May 9, 1835. Resigned. 5. David Buel, - - Mar. 24, 1842. Deceased. 6. Elias W. Leavenworth, Feb. 5, 1861. No. 3. 1. Gen. Philip Schuyler, April 13, 1787. Deceased. 2. Ambrose Spencer, LL. D., Jan. 28, 1805. Vacancy. 3. Nathan Williams, - Jan. 28, 1817. Vacancy. 4. Gen. Peter B. Porter, - Feb. 13, 1824. Resigned. 5. John Tracy, - April 2, 1830. Resigned. 6. William Campbell, - - Feb. 5, 1833. Deceased. 156 MANUAL OF THE Martin Van Buren,LL.D., Feb. 3, 1845. Kesigned. Jabez D. Hammond, LL.D., May 10, 1845. Deceased. GlintonW. Clinton, LL.D., Mar. 6, 1856. iVb. 4. Ezra L. Hommedieu, - April 13, 1787. Deceased. Solomon Southwick, - Feb. 28, 1812. Kesigned. Peter Wendell, M. D., - Feb. 15, 1823. Deceased. Rev. John N. Campbell, D. D., March 18, 1857. Dec'd. Alexander S. Johnson, - April 12, 1864. No. 5. Rev. Nathan Kerr, ■ Lucas Elmendorf, - James Thompson, John L. O'Sullivan, Erastus C. Benedict, No.Q. Peter Sylvester, - Nathan Smith, April 13, 1787. Deceased. • Jan. 28, 1805. Vacancy. Feb. 7, 1822. Deceased. Feb. 2, 1846. Resigned. Mar. 21,1855. April 13, 1787. Deceased. Jan. 31, 1809. Vacancy. Harmanus Bleecker, LL. D., Feb. 7, 1822. Resigned. James McKown, - - Robert Gr. Rankin, - - No.l. John Jay, LL. D., Gulian Verplanck, - - James Kent, LL. D., John Lansing Jr., LL. D. John P. Cushman, John Lorimer Grraham, - Geo. W. Curtis, - - No. 8. April 17, 1834. Deceased. Sept. 27, 1847. April 13, 1787. Resigned. Mar. 30, 1790. Deceased, Feb. 3, 1800. Vacancy. Jan. 28, 1817. Deceased. April 2, 1830. Resigned. April 17, 1834. Resigned. April 12, 1864. BOABD OF REGENTS. 157 1. Rev. Dirck Romeyn, D. D., April 13, 1787. 2. James Cochran, - - Feb. 18, 1796. 3. William A. Duer, LL. D., Feb. 1, 1820. 4. Robert Troup, - - - Feb. 13,1824. 5. Edward P. Livingston, - Feb. 20, 1827. 6. John A. Dix, LL. D., Mar. 23, 1831. 7. Robert Campbell, - - Feb. 2, 1846. Resigned. Resigned. Resigned. Resigned. Resigned. Resigned. No. 9. 1. James Livingston, - - April 13, 1787. Resigned. 2. Ab'mVanVechteD,LL.D.,Jan. 11,1797. Resigned. 3. James King, - - - Feb. 15, 1823. Deceased. 4. Gideon Hawley, LL. D., -Feb. 1, 1842. No. 10. 1. Ebenezer Russell, - 2. John Woodworth, - 3. Samuel A. Talcott, - 4. John Keyes Paige, - 5. Lorenzo Burrows, - April 13, 1787. Resigned. Mar. 3, 1813. Resigned. Feb. 15,1823. Resigned. Mar. 31,1829. Deceased. Feb. 17,1858. No. 11. 1. Lewis Morris, - - - - April 13, 1787. Deceased. 2. Simeon De Witt, - Mar. 13, 1798. Deceased. 3. Amasa J. Parker, LL. D., Jan. 20, 1835. Resigned. 4. John V. L. Pruyn, LL. D., May 4. 1844. No. 12. 1. Matthew Clarison, - - April 13, 1787. Resigned. 2. Gulian C. Verplanck, LL. D., Jan. 26, 1826. 14 158 MANUAL OF THE M. 13. 1. Rt. Rev. Benj. Moore, D. D., April 13, 1787. Resigned. 2. Henry Rutgers, - - - Feb. 15, 1802. Resigned. 8. Jesse Bu.el, . - . . - Jan. ^6, 1826. Resigned. 4. John C. Spencer, Lh. D., .Feb. 28, 1840. Vacancy, 5. James S. Wadswortji, -..May 4, 1844. , Deceased. jvo. 14. ' ' ■>■■:•-' 1. Rev. Eilardus Westerlo, D. D., April 13, 17877 Dec'd. 2. ZephaniahPlatt,' - Jam 1-^5, 1791. Deceased.:" 3. Peter Gansevoort Jr;, - Feb. tr, as may be sfeeti by any one who will critically examine the reports of the regents as published \^ the legislature. The reports, thus published are sent annually to all' the colleges and a'cademies, and the writer of these remarks; speaking from actual observation and experience while he h^is been con- rreoted'with the board of regents^feeli thereby warranted 168 APPENDIX TO THE MANUAL in saying tliat the distribution of the annual reports of the regents, thus made, by enabling every college and academy to compare itself, in the most important particulars, with every other kindred institution, and thereby to discover its own deficiencies, and finally, (sooner or later) to supply them, has contributed to the growth and prosperity of the institutions subject to visitation, and especially to the growth and prospe- rity of academies, more than all other causes combined. For the last few years the regents have, by their committees, or by their secretary, personally visited many of the acade- mies, and all the colleges in the state subject to visitation; and their practice has been attended with the most bene- ficial results; and if, as there is ground to hope will be the case, it be continued and extended to all institutions in the state annually, or even biennially, it will be a cause of their prosperity next in efficiency, if not equal to, the cause last above mentioned. In 1814, the number of academies subject to visitation by the regents, and making annual reports to them, was only twenty. The number subject to such visitation and making such reports for 1863, is two hundred and eight. The reports made at the former period occupied only a few lines, and simply stated the number of scholars in the different classes, without showing the extent of their studies or any thing else of like importance. Their report did not contain the one hundredth part of what is now required to be contained, and is in fact contained, in the annual reports of our academies as now made. The writer hopes it will not be thought out of time or place for him to make a single remark, warranted by his personal knowledge; that during the whole time (now half a century) of his connection with the board. The Regents of the University of the State of Neto.Torh, with a, name and legal character of high import, have been quiet and unpretending in all their proceedings, never courting the popular breeze to excite pub- lic sensation, but being, as all men ever ought to be, sat- or THE BOARD OF REGENTS. 169 isfied with the mens conscia recti, leaving it for Time, the sove- reign Truth Teller of this world, to makeup its record of their merits or demerits. G. H.] In the preceding editions of these instructions, the Secretary of the University, availing himself of the op- portunities they presented for cultivating a more intimate relation, and establishing a more enlarged correspondence with the academies addressed by him, invited the special attention of their trustees and teachers to certain sugges- tions or inquiries, arranged under the following general heads : Extent of Elementary Studies. There is reason to believe that in some academies the elementary branches of education, such as reading and writing, considered as arts, to be perfected by practice, and orthography considered as a subject of knowledge to be acquired by study, are practically, if not avowedly, treated as matters of too humble a rank for academic study; it being understood to be presumed, that such inferior branches of education have been sufficiently at- tended to in common schools, whose peculiar province it is to instruct in them. And such » presumption must be admitted to be reasonable to a certain extent; as all students who are pursuing studies appropriate for an academy must of necessity have passed through the cus- tomary course of a common school education, in which reading, writing and spelling must have formed a neces- sary part. But it does not therefore follow that these elementary branches of education are not to be any long- er cultivated in academies ; for whatever proficiency in 15 170 APPENDIX TO THE MANUAL them may have been made by scholars in the early stages of their education, if their knowledge be not kept alive and matured by repeated exercise during al- most the whole period of their minority, they will proba- bly lose much of the benefit of their early acquirements. In this view of the subject, it becomes desirable that the trustees should state in their report how far exercises in reading, writing and spelling, are required of the high- er classes in their academy. The information desired can rea-dily be obtained from their teachers, and it is hoped it will not be withheld, either on account of the trouble of procuring it, or any supposed immateriality of it when procured.* P^onuneiation of the English Language. The trustees or teachers of academies are also request- ed to state in their report, what degree of attention is paid in their academy to the correct pronunciation of the * In some of our beat academies exercises in spelling are re- quired as a part of the regular course of study in the lower departments, and as often as at least once a week, in the high- er departments. Reading and writing are also particularly attended to, especially the latter ; as a good hand-writing, whether considered as a polite accomplishment, or a practical art, increases in value as society advances in civilization and refinement. Considered as an art, the demand for it in this country is already so great, that it will at any time supply to its possessor (in case his other reliances fail him ) the place of an actual capital yielding a competent and respectable liveli- hood. The saving of time in reading what is well, compared with what is poorly written, is so great, that It is considered good economy to pay an extra sum for good writing. OF THE BOARD OF SEGENTfi. 171 English language, and what standard of proininoiation is adopted by them. If the establishtd rules of pronuncia- tion be taught theoretically, and all errorsin the practical application of them occurring in the ordinary recitations of scholars, and in their daily intercourse with their teach- ers, be promptly and openly corrected as often as they occur; and especially if such a course be pursued, where it is most needed, in the use of proper names of persons 'and places, there is no doabt that every ■scholar of ordinary aptitude for learning, would in an ordinary course of academic education, acquire a practical knowledge of correct pro- nunciation, which, growing finally into a habit, he would carry with him through life. Such an acquisition would certainly be of great value, although, if gained in the way here suggested, it would cost nothing in money, and very little in time ; and scholars thus educated would not exhibit (what has sometimes been witnessed in others to the great disparagement of their teachers,) the discredit- able contrast of being always aisle, and sometimes am- bitious, to detect the slightest shade of errors in quantity or accent of Latin or Greek words, which they will probably seldom, if ever, have occasion to use in after life ; while they are unahle to detect in others, and com- mit daily themselves, the grossest errors in the pronuncia- tion of words in their own language of the most daily use. Subjects of Study. In respect to the sul)jects of study proper to be taught in academies, the Secretary, without pretending to claim any right to speak authoritatively, and certainly without 172 APPENDIX TO THE MANUAL wishing to obtrude his own opinion on others, hopes it will not be thought either out of time or place for him to suggest, that as the current of public sentiment has, for many years, been setting gradually but irresistibly in favor of a course of education more and more practical than any before established, it would be desirable as it would tend to promote the popular cause of practical education, if the trustees and teachers of academies were to state whether, in the course of instruction established by them, (particularly in reference to students who are not expected to extend their studies beyond the limits of an ordinary academic education,) any, and what, discrimi- nation is made by them, in the various subjects of aca- demic study, between what is most and what is hast practical.* Physical Education. Education, considered in its most extensive sense, that of being a process for improving individuals of the hu- man species, to the full extent of their capabilities, in- cludes physical as well as intellectual and moral improve- ment. According to the best established theories on the subject, education is held to be properly divisible, and is now commonly divided into three great departments, dis- tinguished in reference to their different subject matters, as physical, moral, and intellectual. Of these several departments, the intellectual being considered the most * The reports of recent years bear gratifying evidence that the above suggestions have exerted the desired influence, many studies having been intro^jiced into the academies which have a direct bearing on the pursuits of practical life. UJ! 1H±; JJUAKi) OF BJfiGENTS. 173 appropriate, if not the most important, for public instruc- tion, has always received, and will doubtless continue to receive in all public institutions, much the greatest share of public attention. Until recently, indeed, in most of our aca- demies, as well as colleges, intellectual yiaa cultivated to the almost total neglect of physical, if not of moral educa- tion. But since the principles of Physiology, as applied to the human system, have been more thoroughly investi- gated, and their value more generally and justly appreciat- ed, jjAystca? education, which depends on the knowledge of such principles, has risen in public estimation to a much higher rank than it formerly held. A knowledge of the laws of health or of the means of preserving it, which was once chiefly confined and thought properly to belong to physicians only, has finally found its way into many of our public schools, where it is now cultivated as a regular branch of public instruction. To cure disease is admitted to be the peculiar office of a physician ; and no encroachment on his professional province in that respect is intended or ought to be allow- ed; hut to prevent disease, which ordinarily consists only in knowing and obeying th* laws of health, or in fulfill- ing the conditions prescribed fe»r its enjoyment, is not a matter of like professional or exclusive monopoly. Nor is it so considered by physicians, many of whom are among the most strenuous advocates for -making Physiology, and particularly that part of it which relates to the laws of health, or the means of securing and preserving the human system in its best possible condition, a subject of regular study in all our institutions for public instruc- 174 APPENDIX TO THE MANUAL tion. And so general has public sentiment now become in fayor of sncb a study, that nothing but a want of suit- able text books has prevented its general introduction into onr public schools.* In view of such considerations, it becomes desirable to ascertain what degree of attention is paid in any of our academies to physical education, considered with special reference to health, or to the best possible development of the corporal or animal functions. The trustees or teachers of academies are therefore requested to commu- nicate in their future reports to the regents, the informa- tion desired on the subject above proposed, particularly in so far as it relates to ventilation of school rooms ; corpo- real position of scholars in school, and gymnastic or other exercises out of school, &e. The teachers of some- academies, while professing to furnish the information as above requested, have describ- ed the peculiar advantages, or facilities, for ventilation which their school rooms possessed, without stating the important fact, whether and how they practically avail themselves of such advantages or facilities. That it may be seen what importance is attached to such matters else- where, the following extract from the regulations or instructions established for the government of a normal school of distinguished celebrity at Edinburgh is sub- joined : * This wag true when these instructions were written more than twenty-five years since ; there is now no want of suitable text books, and the study of physiology and hygiene has been introduced into most of the academies. OF THE BOARD OF BEGEMS. 175 " Great attention should be given to the ventilation of school rooms, so that on no account, even for a few minutes, their inmates shall breathe bad air. The privileges and advantages of ventilation must be dwelt on ; the temper- ature of school rooms must be attended to ; there must be DO constrained posture either in standing or sitting; no injury to the spine by want of back support in sit- ting ; and no confinement for more than an hour at a time without exercise in the open air, with the benefit of rotary swings and other safe gymnastics ; rooms when empty, to be well aired by cross windows ; and such air- ing to be repeated hourly when practicable."* * In one of the academies of the city of Albany the trustees, some years since, established the following regulations on the subject of ventilating their school rooms, which have ever since been strictly enforced, and with the most beneficial results ; " It shall be the duty of the steward to see that the whole academy edifice be kept at all times ventilated in the best practicable manner, and to secure such ventilation, which the trustees con- sider of the first importance, it is hereby made the special duty of the steward (until a suitable ventilator through the ceiling and roof, above the upper hall, shall be constructed,) to lower or cause to be lowered, after the exercises of each day shall be closed, as well in the winter as in the summer season, an up- per sash of one or more of the windows in each of the rooms in the academy which shall have been occupied during the day, and to cause the same to be kept so lowered during the summer season for the whole night, except in rainy, or other unsuitable weather, and in other seasons of the year to cause the same to be kept so lowered for at least an hour each day, and at all times, when the weather will permit, to keep the upper sash of one or more of the windows in the chapel (being an upper 176 APPENDIX TO THE MANUAL Th:se regulations are minute, and may at first view appear unimportant ; but not so, it is believed, after fur- ther reflection. The importance of ventilation, especial- ly, cannot well be overrated. It is a subject which has recently attracted much public attention, both in this and in other countries, and it is now undergoing a course of investigation and discussion, which is expected to lead to the most beneficial results. Extent of Study Memoriter, or hy Rote. To suffer a pupil to learn the demonstration of a mathematical theorem by rote^ which is a mere artificial drill on the memory, without the exercise of the under- standing, would be condemned as absurd. On the other hand, to require a pupil, in adding or multiplying num- bers in arithmetical operations, to rely on his understand- ing solely, without any aid from artificial memory, in the use of addition or multiplication tables, would be equally absurd. Hence it is plain that some subjects of study must be addressed chiefly to the understanding, while others require only the aid of memory. To the former class, belong all cases involving any process of reasoning. And of a kindred, although not of the same character, are all such matters as being connected by certain affini- room) down both night and day, and also to keep, during the day time in the summer season, and whenever the weather will permit in other seasons of the year, the front or outward door, opening into the lower hall, open by fastening the same back, and also to keep one of the gashes in the windows of the halls above, either up or down, so as to admit of the constant entrance of fresh air.'' OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS. 177 ties, may at once, when learned in that connection, be recalled to mind by a principle of association, which in such cases supplies the place of artificial memory. To the other class, that of things required to be learned by rote, belong all isolated facts as well as ultimate princi- ples. And if, for the purpose of securing a more ready command over them, we treat as belonging to the same class, many facts not wholly isolated, as well as many principles not strictly ultimate, we shall probably find it tend much more to effect our object, than to depend for their remembrance in time of need, on the uncertain power of recollecting them from their relations to other things j for it will be found that in proportion as such facts and principles have been learned by rote in early life ; so will commonly be their subserviency to practical purposes in after life. Let any one of mature age under- take to estimate the value of having a ready command over such facts and principles, and, unless his early educa- tion shall have been different from the common course, he will regret that his store of them is not more abund- ant; and if it were possible for him to recall and revise what is past, it cannot be doubted, that to enlarge that store would be among the first acts of his revision. How many matters once well understood in their rationale, but long since forgotten, he would make the subjects of study by rote, reiterating their impression on his memory for the same reason, if not to the same extent, as in early life he did the common addition and multiplication tables, or the common rules in grammar and arithmetic. How industrious would he be in treasuring up for future use, 178 APPENDIX TO THE MANUAL such matters as the specific gravity of bodies, their con- stitutent parts and proportions, with other like important truths in chemistry and physics — the leading dates and events in history, topographical statistics, with many other matters alike important for future reference. Nor would he, in laying up such a store of knowledge, fail to include in it some of the leading principles of science; such, for example, as the universal law of gravity — at- traction directly as quantity of matter, and inversely as the square of distance j or the law of fulling bodies — spaces described as the squares of the times being for the first second of time 16 and -Y^feet; or the fundamental principle in mechanics — equality of products from mov- ing power and resisting weight multiplied each into its own velocity ; or separately — momentum, as quamtity of mat- er multiplied into its velocity; and such also as the impor- tant law of ■ fluids — pressure as depth independent of breadth, with resistance to moving bodies as the square of their velocities ; or such as the sublime discovery in as- trouovay , planets all moving in ellipticril J, 1862, OP THE BOARD OP REGENTS. 199 Tioga County. Date of incorporation. OwegoAcaacmy Owego April 16,1828. Waveriy Institute Waverly Jan. 21,1868. Tompkins County. Qroton Academy Groton May 9,1837. Ithaca Academy Ithaca March 24, 1823. Trumanshurgh Academy Trnmansburg July 6,1854. tnster County. BllenviHe High School BllenTille April 17, 1866. (Proviaional charter. No report yet received.) Kingston Academy Kingston FeVy 3,1795. New Paltz Academy New Paltz April 12,1833. (Reincorporated October 11, 1845.) Saugerties Academy Sangerties April 7,1854. "Warren County. Glens Falls Academy Glens Falls Jan. 25,1842. Warrensbnrgh Academy Warrensburg May 4,1860. Washington County. Argyle Academy Argyle May 4,1841. Cambridge Academy Cambridge March 20, 1815. Granville Academy Granville March 31, 1828. Marshall Seminary of Easton Easton Dec. 1,1863. North Granville Ladies Seminary... North Granville.. Dec. 2,1862. North Hebron Institute North Hebron March 17, 1854. Union Village Academy Union Village Jan. 23,1840. Washington Academy Salem Sept. 29,1791. WashingtonCo.SeminaryandC.I.. FortEdward July 6,1864. Whitehall Academy Whitehall Oct. 27,1848. "Wayne Covmty. Leavenworth Institute Wolcott July 14,1859. Lyons Union School Lyons Jan. 8,1867. (Pursuant to an act of the Legislature of April 19, 1855.) Macedon Academy Macedon April 11,1842 Marion Collegiate Institute Marion July 6,1855. Newark Union Free School Newark Feb'y 5,1863. (Pursuant to an act of the Legislature of June 18, 1853.) Palmyra Classical and Union School. Palmyra Jan. 14,1858. (Pursuant to an act of the Legislature of April 7, 1857. Red Creek Union Academy Red Creek March 27, 1839. Sodus Academy Sodus Jan. 11,1855. 200 APPENDIX TO THE MANUAL. Sate of incorporation, Walworth Academy Walworth May la, 1841. Wayne and Ontario Colle'te Institute. Newark July 6. 1855. (Provisional charter. No report yet received.) Westchester County. Bedford Female Institute Bedford April 12,1856. (Provisional charter. No report yet received.) Mount Pleasant Academy Sing Sing March 24, 1820. North Salem Academy North Salem March 18, 1790 Peekskill Academy Peekskill April 16,1838. Eiverdale Institute Yonkers April 10,1863. (Provisional charter. No report yet received.) ■Wyoming County. Arcade Academy Arcade Feh'y 20, 1862. (Provisional charter. No report yet received.) Middlehury Academy Wyoming Jan. 26,1819. Perry Academy Perry April 7,1854. PikeSeminary Pike Feh'y 1,1856. Warsaw Union School Warsaw Jan. 11,1855. (Pursuant to an act of the Legislature of JunelS, 1853.) Xates County. Bundee Academy Dundee March 22, 1855. Penn Yan Academy PennYan April 17,1857. Starkey Seminary Eddytown Feh'y 25,1848.