\S*%- BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Henry W. Sage 1891 /} ^ S.U4 i ^/mo,.. Cornell University Library Z232.065 P96 + Jan van Doesborgh, printer at Antwerp. A 3 1924 029 503 533 olin Overs r /^/ Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://archive.org/details/cu31924029503533 ILLUSTRATED MONOGRAPHS. No. II. PLATE IV. JAN van POESBORGH Printer at Antwerp AN ESSAY IN BIBLIOGRAPHY By ROBERT PROCTOR LONDON PRINTED FOR THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY AT THE CHISWICK PRESS December 1894 EDVARDO GORDONO DVFF AVCTORI SCRIPTOR D. D. D. PREFACE. HE present essay is divided into three parts. The first part is introductory; in it is given miscellaneous information respecting the printer Jan van Doesborgh and his productions. The second part consists of a bibliography, in which the books are arranged in an order as nearly as possible chronological. The third part contains three sections : the first is a list of the woodcuts used in those of the books which I have been able to examine; the second section is devoted to the woodcut borders; and the third to the woodcut or metal initials and various minor ornaments used in the same books. For never-failing help, advice, and encouragement I am deeply indebted to Mr. E. Gordon Duff. My best thanks are due to Mr. Christie Miller and Mr. R. E. Graves for opportunity to examine at my leisure the books in the library at Brit well ; to Mr. A. H. Huth, for permission to reproduce Plate II. ; to Mr. C. H. Coote for valuable assistance in Nos. 3, 4, and 22 ; and to the Librarian of the University of Cambridge. I have also to express my most sincere gratitude to Professor Henri Logeman, of Ghent, for most kind and generous help. R. P. Part I. INTRODUCTORY. INTRODUCTORY. EW periods in the history of printing have been so much negledted, in proportion to their merits, as the years immediately succeeding those in which the new art obtained a hold on the peoples of Europe. In strong contrast with the attention paid to the productions of the printing-press in the fifteenth century, the typographical history of the early years of the sixteenth century is, with the exception of one or two exceptionally famous presses, to all practical purposes a closed book to the student. This is the more striking in the case of the Netherlands, because, while the fifteenth-century press in that country has been treated with far greater thoroughness than elsewhere in the works of Holtrop, Campbell, Conway, and Bradshaw, no bibliographer has yet at- tempted to do for the presses of the Low Countries in the beginning of the sixteenth century what the Repertorium of Weller and the Deutsche Annalen of Panzer have done for those of Germany. Van Iseghem's work on Thierry Martens, a book now considerably out of date, is still the only bibliography of this period of any note. To an English reader the interest of the period chiefly centres in Antwerp, a town which, though it received the art of printing late, rose rapidly to a foremost position as a typographical centre. This was mainly due to the enterprise of Gheraert Leeu, who moved 3 from Gouda in 1484, and, till his death in 1493, displayed extra- ordinary energy and enterprise. It was doubtless the importance of the English trade at Antwerp that suggested to him the production of books for the English market, and his influence, probably to some extent, determined the character of the numerous English books which issued from Antwerp presses after his death. The Rudiment l a of Perottus, printed by Aegidius van der Heerstraten at Louvain about the year 1487, is indeed an earlier example of a book intended for English use, but to Leeu must be given the credit of having organized this branch of the book trade in any effective manner. The demand for popular literature was what Leeu and his successors attempted to satisfy, and we find accordingly that the English books printed by them are almost entirely confined to the four classes of romances, grammars, almanacks, and service-books, almost all small and therefore cheap, and either suited to the popular tastes, or certain of a large sale because universally used as school-books. Later, however, the influence of the Reformation caused a complete change, and we find that, from about 1530 down to the end of the century, the English presses of Antwerp were monopolized in turn by exiled theologian^ of the religious party which happened to be out of favour at the particular time. Among those who may have inherited Leeu's traditions and practice with regard to English trade, Jan van Doesborgh is by far the most important figure. The only attempt at a collection of what is known about him is the Note by Prof. Arber, which is prefixed to his reprint of the New Lands entitled The first three English books on America [1885; p. xxv]. 1 This, while not pro- fessing to be more than an opening of the subject, is very useful as a guide to further investigation, and I am very largely indebted to it. Of Jan van Doesborgh's life we know but little, and that little is to a large extent quite impersonal. His native town, Doesborgh, is a small place not far from Arnhem, at the junction of the Oude and Nieuwe Ijssel. Its sole appearance in history is in the year 1585, 1 For a summary list of the books printed by Jan van Doesborgh mentioned in Part I. see the beginning of Part II. [infra, p. 19]. 4 when it was sacked by the Spanish troops. Jan van Doesborgh, like so many of the Dutch and Belgian printers, seems never to have made use of his true surname. The books which are at present the earliest known productions of his press shew us that he succeeded to the business of Roelant van den Dorpe, the printer of the Brabant Chronicle of 1497, wno died in 1500. His widow carried on the business for some, but seemingly only a short, time, for no books are known printed by her after 1501 ; but at some time previous to 1 508 we find the devices used by R. van den Dorpe and his widow in Jan van Doesborgh's possession, as well as his type and (at a later period) his woodcuts. R. van den Dorpe lived in 1497 "in die huy vetters strate, bi onser vrouwen broeders." But a later book, the Seer minnelijcke woerden, is dated from the Iron Balance, " aen dijseren waghe." For these see Campbell's Annales, Nos. 508, 1785. It was from the Iron Balance that the books printed by R. van den Dorpe's widow were issued, and the name reappears in the colophons of several of J. van Doesborgh's books. Although it is nowhere expressly stated, there can be little doubt that this same house is meant in other colophons in which J. van Doesborgh's shop is said to be " by the Cammerpoorte." This position, both inside and outside the gate, was the central one for the printers of that period. Govaert Back's "Vogelhuis" was "near the Cammer- poorte" [colophon to the Herbarius of 1 51 1 ; Van der Meersch, Recherchesy etc., Gand, 1856, p. 126], Henrik Eckert lived " bi der Cammerpoerten int huys van Delft" [Hain 12010], Henrik de Lettersnider, who left Antwerp for Delft in 1500, lived in the Cammerstraet, next door to the Golden Unicorn, where Liesvelt and afterwards Vorsterman lived, "buyten die Cammerpoorte" [Campbell, Annales, Nos. 1026, 549 A ]. From December 1521 onwards J. van Doesborgh lived " op die Lombaerde veste, inden aren van dievier evangelisten." That the Lombaerde veste was not far from the Cammerpoorte is shown by the colophon to the Ouder vader collatie printed by Mich. Hillen in 1506 " bi der Camer poorte op die Lombaerde veste " [see No. 3 of the J. Kockx sale catalogue, Antw. 1 891]. A plan of Antwerp, such as that in Baedeker's Belgium and Holland, shews the Cammerstraet, or Rue des Peignes, 5 running in a south-easterly direction from near the Place Verte, as a continuation of the Vieux Marche aux Bles. The Rempart du Lombard (Lombaerde Veste) is a turning out of this street, and runs north-eastwards behind the Post Office, parallel to the Marche aux Souliers. An old plan (that by P. Verbiest, Antiverpia : construSlionis eius primordia et incrementa, c. 1665, or that by Harrewyn, Brussels, 1733) indicates the Cammerpoorte at the point where the Cammerstraet crossed the old moat or ditch of the enceinte, close to the corner of the Lombaerde Veste. The Cam- merstraet continued outside the gate for a considerable distance in a straight line under the same name. In the year 1508, the very year in which J. van Doesborgh issued his first dated book, the Reyse van Lissebone, we find a record of his admission as " vrijmeester " of the Sint-Lucas-gilde \De Liggeren . . . der Antwerpsche Sint Lucasgilde, afgeschr. van P. Rombouts en C T. van Lerius, part i., p. 69] ; he is there described as " verlichtere " or illuminator, a profession which may possibly in some degree account for the profuse way in which most of his books are illustrated with woodcuts. This description was thought by Dr. Campbell [Arber, Note] to show that he was not at that time a printer. This does not seem conclusive, as during the early years of typography many printers combined other occupations with the practice of their art ; and it is on the whole improbable that he would have succeeded to R. van den Dorpe's business so long a time as seven years after his widow ceased working his press. However, such cases are not entirely unknown, and the relations between William of Malines and Richard Pynson form an instance in point. But we have positive evidence that Dr. Campbell's hypothesis is untenable in the fadt that, as will be shown later, three at least of the extant productions of J. van Doesborgh must be assigned to a date earlier than that of the Reyse van Lissebone. Of J. van Doesborgh's connection with other printers than R. van den Dorpe we know very little. In the Wonderful Shape an initial is used which once belonged to Leeu, but otherwise Henrik Eckert is the chief of those with whom we find him in touch. Not only were the Chronicle set of cuts used by Eckert in his edition of 15 12, the new cuts found in that edition being sub- sequently used with the original set by J. van Doesborgh, but the cut of S. Augustine used in the Dieren P alleys had previously passed through Eckert's hands. Between Vorsterman and our printer the relations may have been less friendly ; the Dutch edition ofVirgilius printed by Vorsterman is illustrated with copies of the cuts in the English edition, so that it would seem as if the use of the original cuts had not been granted him. We also find Claes de Grave copying a cut of J. van Doesborgh's in the year 15 17, but he also, according to Mr. W. M. Conway {Woodcutters of the Netherlands, p. 314) used single cuts of the Chronicle set in 15 17 and 1527, the latter of these dates being an error for 1520 (June 27). No. 29 of Mr. Conway's list, for instance, is found on the title of the 1520 book, the Somme ruyrael of J. Boutillier. In 153 1, according to the same authority, some cuts of the same Chronicle set appear in a book printed by Vorsterman ; and some small ornaments used in Vorsterman's Dutch Virgilius are found in the Cronike van Brabant printed by J. van Doesborgh in 1530. This same Chronicle was printed for Michiel Hillen, J. van Doesborgh's neighbour, and at least one, probably more than one, of the cuts therein used belonged to Hillen in 1520. In no sense can J. van Doesborgh be called a printer careful in the selection or use of his materials. He borrowed right and left, of his neighbours in Antwerp, of France, and probably of Germany : indeed it is in very few cases possible to say positively of any cuts used by him that they were made for the aftual position they occupy. It is very probable that the majority of those in the books numbered in Part II. Nos. 2, 3, 4, 18, and 26 to 28, were so made, but in most other cases it is certain that the contrary is the truth. Our printer was quite content to illustrate a mention of a ship in the text with a cut of Jonah and the whale, or to use in the Dieren Palleys the same illustration, sometimes sideways or upside down for variety, for several different animals. In this point, however, it must be confessed that he differs little from his contemporaries. 7 It next falls to speak of J. van Doesborgh's connexion with Laurence Andrewe of Calais, who was in and after 1527 a printer and bookseller at London. It is established by two books, the first of which is that entitled The wonderful shape and nature of man, a compilation translated at Antwerp by Andrewe to be printed by ' Johnes doesborowe booke printer ' and ' never in no maternall langage prentyd tyl now.' There is no date to this book, but it is (in spite of the statement just quoted) later than the Dutch original (the Dieren palleys), which was printed in 1520. The second book is the Valuation of gold and silver, ' printed in the city of Antwerp for Laurence Andrewe,' cited by Herbert [Typographical Antiquities, p. 41 2 J, who, followed by Berjeau [Bibliophile illustre, No. 1 (Aug., 1 861), p. 5], held that Andrewe was an apprentice of J. van Doesborgh. There is nothing to confirm this conjecture in the books printed at a later time by Andrewe himself, which show no trace of J. van Doesborgh's influence, but on the contrary resemble closely the productions of English printers of that period, such as Peter Treveris or John Rastell. The wording in the Wonderful Shape does not in any way imply the dependence of Andrewe. This book was translated by Andrewe ; but who was responsible for the other English books of this press ? We know from Wyer's edition of The four tokens that J. van Doesborgh was himself the translator ; it was ' translated out of Duche into Englysshe by John Dousbrugh.' In the edition printed by J. van Doesborgh himself the Four tokens precede the Fifteen tokens, which tract is stated in the book to be translated from the French. It is in fact taken from the second part of L'art de bien mourir. Probably the English version is not taken directly from the French, but is a translation of the Dutch text printed in the Oorspronck of 15 17. The translation does little credit to our printer, if indeed the whole book is to be assigned to him : he displays a woful ignorance of English, inserting purely Dutch words in a haphazard fashion. This is also true of the New Lands, as was pointed out by Prof. Arber, but it is not generally true of the English books. 8 Douce, in a manuscript note prefixed to his copy of the Parson of Kalenborowe, asserts very positively that in all probability Richard Arnold was the translator of most of them ; but he does not say on what evidence he grounds the assertion ; it may be a mere conjecture. The last book printed by J. van Doesborgh with a date is the Cronike van Brabant of June 1530, to be sold by M. Hillen. After this no certain information concerning him is available, though the name of " Jan van Doesborch " occurs as a printer or bookseller at Utrecht about the year 1 540 [Ledeboer, Lijst der boekdrukkers . . . in Noord-Nederland, Utrecht, 1 876 ; p. 46], and this may possibly shew that he removed' to Utrecht at some period after 1530. It will be seen from the foregoing that we know very little of our printer's life between the bounding dates of 1508 and 1530 or 1540, and nothing outside those dates. No doubt much more will eventually be learned respecting him and his contemporaries, many of whom are to an equal or even to a greater degree mere names to us at present. The types used by Jan van Doesborgh are only two in number. The first type, which he employed almost exclusively, is that which with little variation was used by Jacobus de Breda, Henrik de Lettersnider, R. van den Dorpe, and Henrik Eckert in the fifteenth, and by almost every printer in the Netherlands in the sixteenth century. The second type, a smaller one, is used only as supple- mentary to the other, and only in two books, the undated Os fades mentum and the Oorspronck of 151 7. The large letters sometimes found on the title-pages are without exception cut on wooden blocks. This was a common practice with Eckert, Vorsterman, and other printers of that period in the Low Countries. In the printer's marks or devices found in J. van Doesborgh's books there are five stages, which follow an obvious order of sequence. Device 1, which is found only in the Fifteen tokens, consists of the cut used by R. van den Dorpe as his mark. In its original state (as figured in Holtrop's Monuments, pi. 1 1 1 [72]) this cut 9 c represents the knight Roland facing the right and winding his horn. From branches which arch overhead hang two shields, one on either side : that on the left bears the arms of Antwerp, that on the right bears an axe, the printer's own cognisance. Below a label gives his name as " Van den dorpe." Before being used by J. van Doesborgh the cut was altered; the name was erased from the label, and the axe from the right hand shield, not so completely, however, but that a vestige of both handle and blade is discernible. Device 2, which is, like Device 1, only known to have been used by J. van Doesborgh in a single book, the Van Pape "Jans landendes, first appears in the Spieghel jfer volcomenheit printed by R. van den Dorpe's widow in 1501 ; it is reproduced by Van der Meersch [Recherches, etc., p. 130]. It differs from Device 1 in being smaller and less artistic ; the label, which is blank, is in the upper part of the field, and the shields, which have changed sides, rest on the ground. The axe was cut out of the left hand shield before the device was used by J. van Doesborgh. Not long, as it would seem, after employing Device 2, our printer adopted a motto of his own, which appears after the colophon of Van der niewwer werelt as " e celo descendit /bum quod gnothochyauton," a curiously incorrect quotation from Juvenal xi. 27. It is possible that this use of a motto was only a stop-gap used while Device 3 was being cut. Device 3 is a very remarkable one. It appears in its complete state [ 3 A ] in two books only, the Reyse van Lissebone and the Longer Accidence. In a chamber with tiled floor sits a woman on a throne with two steps and a canopy. Over her head is her name ' Auontuere ; ' in her right hand she holds a sceptre, in her left hand the wheel of fortune. The left side of her face is masked, and a bandage covers her eyes. On her right a man labelled ' gheluck ' stands blowing a long hornlike instrument. On her left a similar man called ' ongeluc ' blows a smaller instrument of the same kind. Below is an inscription, which reads TNOeoniATTON, in which may be recognized the 'gnotho- chyauton ' of the motto in Van der nieuwer werelt. The scheme of 10 this device is perhaps derived from a cut used by R. van den Dorpe in the book entitled Van nijeuvont, loosheit, ende praSfike [Campbell, Annales, No. 1705]. It is thus described by Conway [Woodcutters, p. 317]: 'A woman (New Invention) seated between her two lawyers (Practice and Cunning). 5 In any case the device is an admirable one for a printer in a great commercial city, who printed for a market oversea. Not long after being cut Device 3 appears to have met with an accident, for with the exception of the two books mentioned above, it is in no case found complete, the side edges in the lower part, where the inscription is, being broken away, one side wholly, and the other partially. I call the device in this state 3 B . The first dated book in which it is found in this state is the Oorspronck of 1 517, and it is last used in the Tdal sonder wederkeeren of July, 1 528. In English books it is usually associated with the arms of England. It is next necessary to determine the chronological order of the productions of J. van Doesborgh. Only eleven of these have a distindt printed date ; accordingly that of the large majority has to be ascertained otherwise. Two other books contain indications in the text which enable their position to be fixed with sufficient precision. The thirteen books thus obtained are the following : Dec, 1508. Reyse van Lissebone. (Not after 15 16). Prognostication for 1516. May, 1 5 17. Oorspronck. 1 5 17. Causes that be proponed. (After Jan., 15 if). Letter of B. de Clereville. 1 51 8. Cronike van Brabant. 1 5 1 8. Merchant's wife. 5 May, 1520. Dieren palleys. 8 Nov., 1 52 1. Van Jason ende Hercules. 12 Dec, 1 52 1. Die historie van Hercules. 25 June, 1528. Der IX. Quaesten. 10 July, 1528. Tdal sonder wederkeeren. June, 1530. Cronike van Brabant. 11 It is noticeable that only four of all these are in English, and that, except the first and the last three, all fall within a period of six years. It will be seen hereafter that, although some of the undated books can be grouped round that dated 1508, and others must be distributed through the two great gaps, yet this period of five years contains a far larger number of books in proportion than any other. It is therefore necessary to assume a great increase of activity at this period from some cause, or an immense destruction of works produced in the other periods of our printer's career. Both may be partly true, but the second cause is probably the more important one. In endeavouring to fix the dates or chronological sequence of undated books, the main standards of comparison are, speaking generally, two : the types and the illustrations, including devices. In the present case the former fails us ; the type remains the same throughout, and any difference in it which is observable is to be attributed rather to variation in presswork than to any traceable progressive wear of the type. It is therefore necessary to depend on the second standard of comparison, the illustrations : and happily in most cases they are of great help. In the first place, the devices give some aid ; though, except in the relations between 3 A and 3 B , confirmation from other considerations is necessary to determine the order in which they are placed : otherwise there would be no evidence, other than a priori probability, for the precedence in time of the two Van den Dorpe devices. The illustrations, however, shew that the order here assigned to them is the right one. The following is a list of the books which contain devices : Device 1. The fifteen Tokens, n.d. Device 2. Van pape Jans landendes, n.d. Motto of Device 3. Van der neuwer werelt, n.d. Device 3 A . Reyse van Lissebone, 1 508. Long Accidence, n.d. 12 Device 3 B . Oorspronck, 1517. Frederick of Jennen, 1518. Dieren Palleys, 1520. Der IX quaesten, 1528. Tdal sonder wederkeeren, 1528. Mary of Nemmegen, n.d. The new lands, n.d. Virgilius, n.d. In this list we have before us the three books which in all probability precede the Reyse of 1508, the first book with a date. Turning to the other illustrations, the wood-cut borders used so lavishly by J. van Doesborgh afford valuable assistance, not only by a comparison of their condition in various books, but also by other indications. For instance, the borders in the Fifteen Tokens are quite distinct from those found in any other book, except that one or two occur in Van pape "Jans Landendes. A group of books distinguished by the absence of borders comes next. The book last mentioned belongs to this group, though it still contains a few. With the publication of the Oorspronck in 15 17 a new period is reached, which lasts to the end of the printer's career. This is marked by a very free use of a large number of borders, none of which are identical with those found in the Fifteen Tokens. A reference to the short list prefixed to Part II., and a comparison with the list of borders in Part III., will shew that the books in which no borders are found (Nos. 3, sqq.) occupy a position intermediate between the Fifteen Tokens and the Oorspronck, while the transitional book, No. 2, takes its proper place in the scheme. Thus the order assigned to the earliest books by the device is to some degree confirmed. The evidence afforded by the illustrations proper comes next in order. As this is detailed in Part III., it is only necessary here to state briefly, the results obtained. By the cuts common to both, the Fifteen Tokens is shewn to precede the Oorspronck of 1 5 1 7. By the borders it is earlier than J 3 Van pape Jans landendes. The cuts shew that both this last and Van der nieuwer werelt precede the Reyse of 1 508. Thus the a priori evidence of the devices is confirmed. The Long Accidence is connected with the Reyse by the device ; the Short Accidence has the same initial letter as the Fifteen Tokens. The Os fades mentum has a cut which is found in the Fifteen Tokens ; its wood-cut title and its use of Type 2 link it to the Oorspronck group. Turning to this middle group (151 6-1 521), Borders 18-20 prove Virgilius to be earlier than the Dieren Pa//eys of 1520, while the cut common to both shews it to be later than the Oorspronck; Borders 18, 21, and one cut make it earlier than Frederick ofjennen; but it is impossible to decide whether Frederick or Mary ofNemmegen is the earlier. Several borders establish the priority of the Letter of B. de Clereville [after Jan., 151 £] to any of these three. The cuts common to the New Lands and to the Dieren Palleys seem to prove the former to be the later, though Border 20 appears to tell the other way. In this connection Border 23 is also noticeable. The Wonderful Shape is undoubtedly later than the Dieren Palleys ; the Huys der fortunen must be placed earlier, as some of its cuts and the type belonging to them' are found in the Dieren Palleys. The fragment of Hofwleglas belongs to the Virgilius group. In this way the number of books without an approximately determined place in the chronological order has been materially reduced. Of those which remain the places assigned are for the most part conjectural. The DestrucJie van Troyen and some others I have not been able to see : Euryalus and Lucretia is not large enough, in the only fragment at present known, to give any clue. Robin Hood is placed where it is, because the scarcity of cuts and absence of borders suggest that it belongs to the early period ; the date of the tracts with which it is bound (1508) points to the same conclusion. Nothing has yet been said of the Parson of Kalenboroive. It is an extremely puzzling book : none of its borders are found elsewhere, and only one of its cuts, which appears in Frederick ofjennen. Its general appearance, however, has induced me to place it near the end. After the rest come three books which are very doubtful. The first may with more or less probability be assigned to J. van Doesborgh. No trustworthy information concerning the other two is forthcoming. In conclusion, it is necessary to mention the reasons which have led me to exclude the so-called Arnolds Chronicle, which is usually attributed to J. van Doesborgh. There can ♦ be little doubt that the attribution is an error. In the first place the date is very sus- picious. The last events mentioned in the text are the death of Prince Arthur (12 April, 1502) and the election of sheriffs for the year 19 Henry VII. It is not likely, therefore, that it was printed later than 1503 ; but the Oorspronck of 15 17 is the earliest dated folio printed by J. van Doesborgh. Secondly, the style of printing is different from what we know of J. van Doesborgh's method. The identity of the large type proves nothing, as it is universal : the difference of the small type used in the marginalia from that used by J. van Doesborgh is a strong argument. The three-line and larger initials are in no case identical with any found in books by our printer, although the smaller initials seem in some instances to correspond with those in the Fifteen 'Tokens. Leaf-numbering, again, is found in this book, never in any of J. van Doesborgh's productions, and the presence of several eights in the signatures differs from his practice of making up his folio books in fours and sixes only. Marginalia are here used, but never in any book printed by J. van Doesborgh. The small type used for these marginalia resembles that commonly employed by Govaert Back. It is noticeable that an almanack for 1 507 in the Bagford Collection is printed with two types apparently identical with those of Arnold's Chronicle. This almanack was printed by Adriaen van Berghen, who set up his press in or about the year 1500. An undated edition of Holt's Lac puerorum, in the colophon of which his name appears as ' Adriaen of Barrouwe ' shews that he also was a printer of English books. A single leaf of what appears to be an abridged edition of Arnold's Chronicle in quarto is among the Bagford fragments. It is signed c i, and contains part of the text on fo. lxiiij of the IS folio edition. This must naturally share the fortunes of the larger edition: there is nothing definite in it to justify any particular ascription. Many of the points touched on in the preceding pages will receive amplification or commentary in the remarks appended to the collations in Part II., or in the introductory notes prefixed to the list of wood-cuts of the several books in Part III. In all proba- bility a large number of books printed by J. van Doesborgh at present unknown will at some future time come to light ; the con- stant discovery of fragments of previously unknown books, such as the Longer Accidence, Howleglas, or Euryalus and Lucretia, shews clearly enough that much yet remains to be done : much were to be hoped from a systematic search made in the libraries, private and public, of the Netherlands ; but it is to be feared that this is at present wholly impracticable. 16 Part II. BIBLIOGRAPHY. D BIBLIOGRAPHY. The following abbreviations are used in Part II. : Hazlitt, HB. W. C. Hazlitt's Handbook of early English literature. Hazlitt, BC. W. C. Hazlitt's Bibliographical Colleclions and Notes. Arber, Note. The Note on Jan van Doesbbrgh prefixed to Prof. Arber's edition of the Three earliest English books on America. Herbert. Herbert's edition of Ames' Typographical Antiquities. The titles of books less frequently referred to are given in a form requiring no further explanation. An asterisk (*) indicates personal exami- nation of the book or copy to which it is prefixed. LIST OF BOOKS PRINTED BY JAN VAN DOESBORGH. 1. The Fifteen Tokens. [Before No. 2.] 4 . 2. Van Pape Jans landendes. [Before No. 3.] 4 . 3. Van der Nieuwer Werelt. [Before No. 4.] 4 . 4. Die reyse van Lissebone. Dec. 1508. 4 . 5. Longer Accidence, [c. 1509 ?] 4 . 6. Os, fades, mentum. [c. 15 10?] 4 . 7. Destrudtfe van Troyen. [c. 1510?] F°. 8. Robin Hood. [c. 15 10-15?] 4°- 9. Euryalus and Lucretia. [c. 1 5 1 5 ?] 4 . 10. Shorter Accidence, [c. 1515?] 4 . J 9 it. Laet's Prognostication for 1 516. [151 5-16.] 4 . 12. Den oorspronck onser salicheyt. May 15 17. F°. 13. Causes that be proponed. [After 12 Nov. 1517-] 4° 14. Letter of B. de Clereville. [After Jan. 151 £]. 4 . 15. Chronike van Brabant. 15 18. F°. 16. Virgilius. [i5i8?]/4°. 17. Frederick of Jennen. 1518. 4 . 18. Mary of Nemmegen. [1518-19?] 4 . 19. Tyll Howleglas. [1519?] 4°- 20. Thuys der fortunen. [Before No. 21.] F°? 21. Der dieren palleys. 5 May 1520. F°. 22. Of the New Lands. [After No. 2 1 ?] 4 . 23. The Wonderful shape. [After No. 21.] F°. 24. Van Jason ende Hercules. 8 Nov. 152 1. F°. 25. Die historie van Hercules. 12 Dec. 152 1. F°. 26. The Parson of Kalenborowe. [After 1520?] 4 . 27. Der IX. quaesten. 25 June 1528. 4 . 28. Tdal sonder wederkeeren. 10 July 1528. 4 . 29. Cronike van Brabant. June 1530. F°. 30. The value of gold and silver. n.d. 8°. 31. On the Pestilence. 32. The valuation of gold and silver. * i. The Fifteen Tokens, n.d. [c. 1505?] 4 . Collation. ABC 6 D E*, by sheets : 26 ff. : 30 11. Text 150 x 91 mm. Type 1. Title. HEre beginneth a lytel trea || tyfe the whiche fpeketh of || the xv. tokens the whiche || fliullen bee mewed afore y* || drefull daye of Jugement. || And who that oure lorde || fhall afke rekenyng of eue || ry body of his wordis wor || kis and thoughtes. And who oure lorde wyll fhe || we vs other xv. tokens . of his paflion to theym || that been deyeth in dedely fynne. || [cut.] Fo. 1 b, cut in borders. Fo. 2 a : IN this begynnyng fo || wyl J writte of the xv. || . . . Fo. 14 b : C Here endeth the xv tokens || [cut.] Fo. 15a: <[ And here foloweth who our lord fhal Jh'us xps || fhal come to Jugement. - 20 Fo. 17 b, 1. 23: C And here foloweth. who that oure lorde fhall || fliewe the blyffed tokens of his paffyon . . . Fo. 22 a, 1. 1 8 : C Here endeth this lytill treatyfe that whiche is || called the xv tokens whiche been late tranflated || oute of frenflie into Englifhe. The whiche been || very neceflary to euery man and woman to kno || we them. . . . Fo. 22 b: C And here foloweth the nombre of the fote flap- 1| pes of oure lorde the whiche hy wente in his paffi || on and alfo other deuote maters. . . . End, fo. 26 a, 1. 19 : lyff Amen. || [/. 20 blank] || C Emprinted by me Johan fro doefborch dwelll- 1| ge at Anwerpe by the Jron ballaunce 7c. || Fo. 26 b : Device 1 . Copies. *(i) British Museum, C. 25. e. 39 ; wants fF. 13, 14, 18, 23, 24, 25. Measures 186 x 127 mm. *(2) Oxford: Bodleian Library, bought November, 1891 ; wants leaves 23 and 26. Measures 175 x 123 mm. References. Hazlitt, HB. p. 609, and BC. III. p. 248 : Arber, "f". A copy sold in the Heber sale (part 5) for ^3: 10. Remarks. The first part of the present work, comprising the four and the fifteen tokens, is taken from the Coming of Antichrist in " L'art de bien mourir." The Four Tokens were separately reprinted by Wyer [British Museum, 4856. a. J. His colophon says that the tra£t is translated by "John Dous- brugh " from the Dutch. The correctness of this is shewn by the numerous Dutch words that are left in the English version. The Dutch text, no doubt a translation from the French, is found in the Oorspronck, No. 12 below, but the present book shews that it must have existed earlier. The tradt called " Signa quindecim" [Hain 14731] is quite different from this. The origin of the latter part (fF. 23 to end) I have not ascertained, but it seems to be, like the rest, a translation from the Dutch, words like " gaet ", " mensche " for " go ", " man ", appearing in it. *2. Van Pape Jans landendes. n.d. [c. 1506?] 4 . Collation. A 6 B+, by sheets: 10 fF. : 30 (29-31) 11. Text (30 11.) measures 150 x 85 mm. Type 1. Title. C Van die wonderlichede en coftelicheden || van Pape Jans landendes.* || [four cuts.] Fo. 1 b : NV wil ic Pape Ja. || bider grade gods || . . . End, fo. 10 a, 1. 17: Amen Ghegeue in ons heylich pallays It || Jaer onfer gheboorten v. hodert en feuene || [//. 19-22 blank] || <[ Gheprint Thatwer- || pe. Aen dijfere wage || by my Jan. van || Doefborch. Fo. 10 b: cut, and device 2. Copy. *British Museum, C. 32. h. 6 : title slightly damaged. Measures 193 x 129 mm. References. M. Fred. Muller, Catalogue of books . . . on America . . . 1872, 8°, p. 277, No. 2277 : Arber, Note, " c ". Remarks. According to M. Muller [I.e.) this version differs from all those in 21 other languages, but is least unlike the French. MM. Enschede at Haarlem printed 30 copies with their fifteenth-century types [Muller, No. 2278]. It is quite different from the letter to King Emanuel, which is the usual form in which the story is found, but is substantially the same, though with many additions, omissions, and transpositions, as the text printed at the end of the Romance of the knight Owen, in an edition of about 14.78 by G. Le Roy or Barthelemy Buyer at Lyon. The differences between this and the English text (No. 22) suggest an original from which both were translated independently. 3. Van der Nieuwer Werelt. n.d. [c. 1507?] 4 . Collation. AB *, 8 ff. 30 and 31 II. The text in the facsimile measures 149 X 90 mm. Type 1. Begin, fo. jar Van der nieuwer werelt oft landtfcap || nieuwelicx gheuode vade doorluch || tighe con. va Portugael door de/ || alder befte pyloet ofte zeekender d' werelt || [woodcut.] || Hoe noyt meefter oft aftronimg befcreue heeft dat || daer een ladt was bewoet va mefche ofte beeften. End, fo. 8 a 1. 20: aerden fijn. || [//. 21, 22 blank.'] Gheprent Thantwerpen aen || Dyferen waghe. Bi || Ja va Doefborch || [2 lines blank] || E celo descendit vbum quod || gnothochyauton || Fo. 8 b, woodcut. Copy. The only known copy is now in the Carter-Brown library at Providence, U.S.A. A reprint in facsimile of 25 copies only was issued at Providence in 1874 [*British Museum]. It is also described in M. Frederik Muller's Cata- logue of Books on America, Amsterdam, 1 872, 8°, pp. 5-7, No. 24. A facsimile of the first page is given as a frontispiece to the volume. Reference. Arber, Note, « b ". Harrisse, Bibl. Amer. Vetust., Additions, No. 15. Remarks. It is stated in the book itself that the Dutch version is derived from a Latin translation of the Italian original. This is the letter describing his third voyage written to Lorenzo de' Medici by Vespucci, According to M. Muller, the present version is unique in giving a distincT: date for the com- mencement of the voyage. The motto following the colophon supplies an explanation of the printer's device No. 3. *4. Die reyse van Lissebone. Dec. 1508. 4 . Collation, (a) bC + :12ft: moftly 32 11. Text (32 11.) 155 x 100 mm. Type 1. Begin, fo. 1 a: Die reyfe va Liffebone om te varena d$ eyladt || Naguaria in groot Jndien gheleghen || voor bi Callicuten efi GutfchT dair || dye ftapel is vander fpecerie || Daer ons wonderlijcke dl || ge wed'uaren zij. endair || wy veel ghefie heb || be / als hier na || ghefcreue || ftaet. || Welcke reyfe ghefchiede || door de wille en ghebode des alder || doorluch richAe Cons va Portegale Emanuel || [cut.] Fo. 1 b : ALderyrst quame wi aent landt va Canarie" dwelck || . . . Fo. 5 a : Die reyfe van Jndien. van Calcoene. en vade Nyeuwe || landede doen geuonde 22 ware gefchyet Jnt iaer ons here || M vijfhondert in die maent van meerte || Mijn vrient Lauerenti Jck Albericg hebbe in voor || . . . End, fo. 12 a, 1. 12 : triangel oft een driecantich hoeck als boue ghefigureert. Fo. 1 2 b : Gheprent Thantwerpen . . By my || Jan van Doefborch. Jntiaer || M.D. viij. I December || [Device 3 a.] Copies. 1) *British Museum [C 32. f. 26], acquired 4 Dec. 1855: measures 191 x 135 mm.. 2) In the Carter-Brown library, Providence, U.S.A. References. The Athenesum for 5 Nov. 1892, p. 624, and for 20 Jan. 1894 p. 86, contains letters dealing with the present book and the voyage which it describes. In the second letter it is shewn that the date 1500 is an error for 1506. A facsimile reprint of this tract with a translation and introduc- tion by Mr. C. H. Coote, was published (London, B. F. Stevens) in 1894. To this book, which is entitled The Voyage from Lisbon to India, 1 505-6, readers are referred for all information concerning the subject-matter. *5» Longer Accidence, n.d. [c. 1509?] 4 . Collation. A fragment consisting of four leaves, 1, 2, 5 and 6 of sig. B. 30 11. Text measures 147x92 mm. Type 1. Begin., sig. B i a : peratyf mode of the paffyfe voyce as docere How || . . . B 2 b, 1. 30: of the prefentens / a participle of the pretertens / a || . . . B 5 a, 1. 1 : Semper flare petut : nundj, ftant copofitiue [| End, B 6 a, 1. 24 : be amauifTe. || [//. 25, 26 Hani.] || Hoc prefens opufculw d me Johane || de Doefborch eft exaratum. || B 6 b : device 3 a. Copy. *Corpus Christi College, Oxford. This fragment was used to line the boards of a volume printed in 1501. Measures 215 x 153 mm. Remarks. This is the same Accidence as that printed by W. de Worde " In Caxons hous" at Westminster, about 1496, and subsequently printed by Pynson. The first line in this fragment corresponds to the last line of sig. A 8 a in Worde's edition. No. 1 1 is an abridgment of this Accidence. *6. Os facies mentum. n.d. [c. 1510?] 4°. Collation, [a 4 .] No signatures: 4 ff. : 21 11. of each type to a page: types 1, 2. Title [in large woodcut letters'] :. Os facies metu || [cut.] a mouth a face a chyne a toth a throote a tonge roffe of the mouth. Fo. i b : O S facies mentii dens guttur lingua palatu || . . . End, fo. 4 b, 1. 30 : Nuncius ac obftetrix et portarius atq3 || [2 //. blank] || Jmpreffum Antwerpie. per me Jo || hannem de Doefborch. . • . || Copies. (1) in the Huth collection ; *(2) at Britwell (leaves 3, 4 slightly mutilated). References. Huth Catal. vol. 3, p. 10705 Hazlitt, BC. I. p. 311. Remarks, A fragment of another Antwerp edition of this little vocabulary, is preserved in the Lambeth Palace library [frag. 17]. 2 3 Die Destrudtie van Troyen. n.d. [c. 15 10-15 ?] F°. Collation, a— k. 56 ff. 2 cols. Type 1 ? Title [I. 1 is probably woodcut]. Die deflru&ie va || Troyen die laetfte Ende die fchoone amoreus || heyt van Troylus en der schoonder Breseda [| Calcas docht' die een verrader was. || [Cut.] End, fo. 55 b, col. 2. C Hier es voleyndet die hiftorie va || d'amoreufyt van Troylus eii Brife || da en 00c cortelic ouerlope die deftruc || tie va Troyen. Gheprent Thant- || werpen aen dijferen waghe Bi mi |j Jan van Doefborch || Fo. 56 blank ? Copy. The only known copy is (or was in 1869) in the library of the Due d'Arenberg. References. The above description is taken from the Bibliophile Beige [Bulletin of the Soc. des Bibliophiles Beiges], Vol. 4, 1869, p. 18. See also Visser, Naamlijst . . . [ Amst. 1 767, 8°] p. 63 : Meerman, De Finvention de Timprimerie . . . [Par. 1809, 8°] pp. 373-4: Panzer, I. p. 15, No. 116: Hain, 5524: Van der Meersch, p. 131. Remarks. The Bibl. Beige says that this book is probably an imitation of the mystery of the same name of which several editions were printed at Paris and Lyon. Otherwise it would be natural to suppose it a reprint of the earlier edition by R. van den Dorpe; see Campbell, Annales . . . No. 876. Robin Hood. n.d. [c. 15 10-15 ?] 4 . Collation. A b 6 c+ d s e+, by sheets : 26 ff. : 28-33 11. : text (33 11., in facsimile) measures 162 x 88 mm. Type 1. Begin, fo. 1 a : C Here begynneth a geft || of Robyn Hode. || [far.] || Lythe and liftin ggtilmen y' be of frebore || blode . . . End, fo. 20 b, last line : There myght no man to thy trufte. || [i.e. fit 6, stanza 33, /. 3 .] Ff. 21-26 unknown. Copy. Advocates' Library, Edinburgh ; No. 1 1 of the volume containing Chapman and Myllar's early productions. Wants ff. 6, 7, 13-18, 21-26. References. Dickson and Edmond, Annals of Scottish Printing . . . [Cambr. (Aberdeen) 1890, 4 ] pp. 68 sqq., with a facsimile of leaf 1, and table of types ; it was reprinted in 1827 by Dr. Laing, with the other pieces in the volume. *g. Aeneas Sylvius: Euryalus and Lucretia. n.d.? [c. 1515?] 4 . Collation. Fragment of 4 ff, one gathering : 19 11. left on fo. 2. The text is 88 mm. wide. Type 1. Fo. 1 a, 1. 1 : f Ofias al was this a grete myfdede he defe- || ded . . . Fo. 2 a, 1. 1 : ... myne frende Eureale and hath late fall of gre || te . . . 24 * H Copy. *Signet Library, Edinburgh : a fragment consisting of the upper half of two consecutive leaves from the middle of the piece, with small pieces of two other leaves attached. Remarks. This fragment, discovered by Mr. E. Gordon Duff in 1891, appears to be an earlier English edition than any previously known. See Hazlitt, HB. p. 588, for three later editions, one of 1560, one of 1567, and one im- perfect, but of about the same date. This last is a different translation from the present text ; probably from the Latin. An edition was licensed to T. Norton in 1569-70: see Arber's Transcript of the Registers . .- ., vol. i, p. 189 : Warton's Hist, of English Poetry, vol. 3, p. 416, note. 10. Shorter Accidence, n.d. [c. 15 15?] 4°. . Collation. [a+.] No signatures. 4 ff. : 31 11. on fo. 1 a, without headline ; the rest has headline and 29 11. Text [fo. 3 a] measures 142 X 100 mm. Type 1. Begin, fo. 1 a : Accidence Ow many partes of reafo be there . viij . whyche . viij . now ne/pno wne/vbe/adube/ parti ciple . . . End, fo. 4 b, 1. 24 : lowyng in one which one in gener only. || [//. 25, 26 blank.] Emprynted by me John off Doefborch. || Copy. *Oxford, Bodleian [4 A 18 Art BS.]; perfect: measures 184 x 127 mm. References. Hazlitt, BC. I. p. 401. Remarks. This is an abridgment of No. 5. The Bodleian copy is misbound, the title of a copy of Stanbridge's Accidence which follows in the volume being prefixed to it. Hence the description given by Hazlitt is erroneous. *n. Laet's Prognostication for 1 5 16. [1515-16.] 4 . Collation. A fragment consisting of the first four leaves only ; a*. 33 11. Text measures 163 x 105 mm. Type 1 ? Begin, fo. 1 a : |[The pronofticaci5 of maifter Jafpar late of borchloon/ || do&our in aftrologie of the yere. M.CCCCC.xvi. tranf [| lated into yngliffh to the honorre of te mooft noble x vie- || torious kynge Henry the . viij . by your mooft huble fub- || iecvt Nicholas longwater goeuerner of our lady coception || in y renowmed towne of Andwarp in finte Jorge perys || [/. 7 blank.] || 4[ Prinfipaly takyng for my fundament after folowyng || . . . End, fo. 4 b, 1. 33 : nyng fo fhall this yere not be fre of peftilenfe with apof- || Copies. 1) *British Museum [Harl. MS. (Bagford fragments) 5937. 58] ; fo. 1 only. *2) Trinity College Cambridge rjVI d . 7. 24] ; sheet a only ; measures 202 x 134 mm. This is doubtless the copy sold at D. Laing's sale in 1879. It was acquired in 1882. References. Hazlitt, BC. II. p. 331. Sinker, Gatal. of Eng. Books, No. 985. 2 S E Remarks. I do not feel certain that J. v. D. is the printer of this book. The four leaves now known to exist afford no test by which the question can be decided. *I2. Den oorspronck onser salicheyt. May 15 17. F°. Collation. ABC 6 D + E s alternate sixes and fours to Y 6 . AA, BB+ CC« DD* alternate to JJ,KK 6 LL,MM* NN« OO PP 6 QQ*. 190 ff. 2 cols. 40 11. Text measures 195 x 146 mm. Types 1, 2. Title [11. 1-2 woodcut, on two blocks, I. I red, in relief: I. 2 white on black ground]. Den. oorfpronck [| Onfer. falicheyt || [six cuts with the names printed sideways], fo. I b [two cttts. To right and left of the upper cut is printed, sideways]: Cum gracia || Et preuilegio || Fo. 2 a : Die Prologhe. || DJe heylighe pro- pheta Moyfes wat hi ee || . . . Fo. 188 b, col. 2, 1. 31 : AMEN || [11. 32, 33 blank.] {[ Hier begint de tafel / inhoudede die || capittelen des tegen- woerdige boecx. || . . . Fo. 190 a, col. 2, 1. 16 : Telos || [6 lines blank] || |[ Geprent Thantwerpen in de flat || || Bi Jan van doefborch/ic feg v dat || Jnt iaer alfmen fceef . xvij .en vijftien || Jnt.lefte va mey / wient vwod't (hod't || Js hier millet / miftelt wilttet vgeuen || Op d% wi mogen come int ewich leue || Fo. igcrb: device 3 b within borders. Copies. *r) British Museum [C. 37. f. 10]; perfecl:. Measures 253 X 191 mm. 2) Royal Library, The Hague. References. Arber, Note, " j ". Holtrop, Monuments Typographiques, p. 5. Le Long, Boei-Zaal der Nederduytsche Bybels (Amst. 1732), p. 487 sqq. Remarks. This is a curious collection of theological treatises, consisting chiefly of a life of Christ, descriptions of the virtues and vices, the last judgment, etc. It contains the Dutch text of the Fifteen Tokens (No. 1) ; but the English version there printed must be several years earlier than the date of this book. 13. Causes that be proponed and traded... [After 12 Nov. 1 5*7-] 4°- Causes that be proponed and tradted in a Confultacyon of a Journey to be made with the Tokyn of the holy Crofle/ agaynft the Jnfideles and Turkes, and fent to all cryften princes, to thentente that they throughe their good counfell, and wyfe examinacyon, fholde examyne, yf any thynge therin be, that out ought to be encreafed, or mynyfihed j or yf ought to be corre&yd. This done the xij daye of Nouember. Black letter, with cuts. Copy. West catalogue, lot 1851, No. 6 ; without printer's name, but apparently by J. van D. References. Herbert, p. 1533. See also No. 16 below. 26 Remarks. The Latin original of this trad! was printed about the same time by Michael Hillenius (Hoochstratanus) with the following title, under a woodcut of the Papal arms : J[ Propofita x tra£tata in con- | fultatione S£te expeditiois q || ad Pncipes mitteda vifa funt || {etc.) This edition consists of four leaves in quarto, 44 lines to a page. (Corpus Christi College, Oxford ; Th. o. 32 [52].) Vanderhaeghen, Bibl. Belg., Ser. 1, P 14. *I4. Letter of B. de Clereville. [After Jan. 151^.] 4 . Collation. [a 4 ], no signatures. 4ff. 30 11. Text measures 149 X 113 mm. Type 1. Title. C The Copye of the letter folowynge whiche fpeci || fyeth of y greateft and meruelous vifyoned || batayle that euer was fene or herde of || And alfo of the letter y was fent fro || me the great Turke vnto our || holy fad' y pope of Rome. [| [cut.] Fo. lb: a cut, followed by a similar title. Fo. 2 a : Bartholomeus de clere ville to his beloued frende || y lorde of veronoys hufray bon messagier. Salute || Fo. 3 a, 1. 27 : Wryten in y caftell of ville clere / in y yere of our lor || de. M.CCCCC.xvij. in y monthe of Januarij. End, fo. 4 a, 1. 21 : . . . Wrytten in our grete || cite of Chayne/ in y yere. vi. M. and of our reigne || the. x. yere || [/. 24 blank] || Emprented in y famous cite of Andwarpe || Be me/ John of Dousborowe || Fo. 4 b blank. Copies. 1) *Bodleian [Douce C. 247]; perfect : measures 169 x 119 mm. 2) *Britwell. Imperfect, wanting leaf 4 and part of leaf 2. The provenance of this copy is not known. Measures 167 x 128 mm. 3) Another imperfect copy was sold in Evans' sale of 5 June 1823 (No. 535) to Thorpe for a guinea. References. Herbert, p. 1531 : Hazlitt, HB. p. 112 : West Catalogue, lot 1851 [see Note to No. 16]. 15. Chronike van Brabant. 1518. F°. Collation. Unknown. Copy. Royal Library, The Hague. References. Arber, Note, "k" : Conway, Woodcutters, p. 314. Remarks. The edition of 1512, which contains the same cuts, is shewn by the letters h A e, which are found inside the first initial on the title, to have been printed by H. Eckert. In it are used some of G. Leeu's woodcut initials. There is a copy in the British Museum (9405 f.). * 1 6. The lyfe of Virgilius. n.d. [ 1 5 1 8 ?] 4°. Collation. A B 6 C 4 D 6 E F + , signed by sheets. 30 ff. 28, 29 11., without head- lines. Text (on fo. 10) 144 x 87 mm. Type 1. Title [the first word in large woodcut letters'] : Virgilius. || |[ THis boke treath of 27 the lyfe of Virgilius || and of.his deth and many maruayles that || he dyd in his lyfe tyme by whychcraft and || nygramanfy thorowgh the helpe of the de || uyls of hell. || [cut.] Fo. i b blank; fo. 2 a: «[The prologe. || [/. 2 blank.] || THis is refonable to wryght the meruelus || . . . Fo. 2 b: C Howe Romulus cam wich in the fayer tow || ne of Reynes . . . [etc., 3 lines. The rest of the page is occupied by a cut.] Fo. 3 a : AS Romulus harde fay of his broder Res || . . . End, fo. 29 b, 1. 9: the boke of euer lafting blyfle. Amen. || [//. 10-14 blank.] || e. Thus endethe the Lyfe of Virgilius || with many dyuers confaytes that I he dyd Emprynted in the Cy || tie of Anwarpe By me J John Doefborcke || dwellynge at y e || the earner || porte. || Fo. 30 a : The arms of England crowned. Fo. 30 b : device 3 B. Copies. (1) *At Britwell, -perfect; measures 169x118 mm. * (2) Bodleian [Douce 40], wanting the first leaf. Measures 181 x 130 mm. References. Van der Meersch, pp. 131, 132: Hazlitt HB. p. 634: Bradshaw, Half Century of Notes ... No. 49 [see below] : Arber, Note, "h ". Remarks. This is probably a translation of the Dutch version printed about the same date by Vorsterman, which contains copies of some of the cuts in this edition. There is a copy of the Dutch edition in the British Museum [1073. b. 32]. The Dutch text is probably a translation from the French, in which " language there are two undated editions, one printed by Guillaume Nyuerd, and the other for Jehan Saint Denis. The British Museum has a later edition of the English version, perhaps by W". Copland, about 1550. Bradshaw [l.c] identifies with this edition the " virgilius in englis van 4 quaterni ", a copy of which was sold by J. Dome ; but the fact that the present volume consists of six quires seems to render this impossible. Reprints of this edition were issued (i) by E. V. Utterson in 181 2, for private circulation; (2) by W. J. Thorns, Early English Prose Romances, vol. 2, in 1828 and 1858. (3) by Prof. H. Morley in the Carisbrooke Library in 1889. Note. In the sale catalogue of the library of James West, P.R.S., 1773, No. 1851, is a volume containing Nos. 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, and 22, together with one book printed by W. de Worde, one by Pynson, and four by Notary, This lot was sold to Ratcliffe for £2 : 17 : 6. In the Ratcliffe sale, however, (1776) only three of the Notary books are to be found in the catalogue. The volume appears in fact to have been split up. No. 13 disappears alto- gether ; No. 14 found its way at a later time into the Douce collection ; No. 22 became the property of Thomas Caldecott (1 744-1833). At his sale in 1833 it was bought by Thorpe for Grenville (lot 14 1 3) for ^25 : 10 : 0. See also Quaritch's Dictionary of Book ColleEtors, part 4. Nos. 16-18 came into the possession of the duke of Roxburghe, by whom they were uniformly bound in calf, with the ducal arms. In the Roxburghe sale (18 12), No. 17 (lot 6377) was sold for £65 : 2 : ; No. 1 8 (lot 6378) for ^67 ; No. 16 (lot 6376) for £54 -.12: 0, probably to the duke of Marlborough, since in the sale of the White Knights library (7 June 1819) they reappear. No. 17 (lot 1726) was sold to Knell for ^44 : 12 : 6 ; No. 18 (lot 2724) to Long- 28 man for £\2; No. 16 (lot 4595) to Triphook for £29 : 8 : 0. No. 17 is found next as lot 656 in a miscellaneous sale by Evans on 5 June 1823, when it was sold to Thorpe (for Heber) for £24.: 10:0. No. 18 was sold in the Inglis sale (9 June 1 826) to Thorpe for £24.. Next comes the Hibbert sale of 16 March 1829, when Nos. 16 and 18 were sold both to Thorpe for Heber: No. 18 (lot 5369) fetched £14:3:6; No. 16 (lot 8400) fetched £29 : 18:6. Lastly all three reappear in part IX. of the Heber sale catalogues (11 Apr. 1836), when they were sold again to Thorpe for Mr. Christie Miller: No. 17 (lot 1267) for £16; No. 18 (lot 1949) for £16; No. 16 (lot 3145) for £25: 10:0. *ij. Frederick of Jennen. 15 18. 4°. Collation. AB 6 CD* E 6 , signed by sheets. 26 ff. 28, 29 11. Text measures (28 11.) 139x86 mm. Type 1. Title. 4[This mater treateth of a merchau || tes wyfe that afterwarde went lyke || a ma and becam a great Lorde and || was called Frederyke of Jennen af- || ter- warde. || [cut.] Fo. 1 b, a cut. Fo. 2 a, 1. 1 (ornaments.) || (/. 2 blank.) || CThe prologe. || [/. 4 blank.] \\ (ornaments.) I| [/. 6 blank.] || Ovre lorde god fayeth in the gofpell / what || . . . Fo. 2 b, below a cut and line of orna- ments : |[ Howe .iiij. Merchauntes met all togyther || in on way whyche were of iiij. dyuerfe landes || and how they wolde all to Parys. || Fo. 3 a : In the yere of our Lorde god. M.CCCC. || xxiiij. . . . End, fo. 24 a, 1. 6: brynge both you and me. || [2 lines blank.] || (ornaments.) || [2 lines blank.] || <[ Thus endeth this lyttell ftorye of lorde frede- || ryke Jmprytedi Anwarpe by me John || Dufborowghe dwellynge befydey || Camer porte in the yere of our lor || de god a .M.CCCCC. and || xviij. || [1 line blank.] || (ornaments.) Fo. 24 b, device 3 b. 25 a, cut. 25 b, device repeated. 26 (blank ?) wanting. Copies. *i) At Britwell: perfeft, except for fo. 26, but injured somewhat by damp. Measures 1 69 x 1 1 8 mm. For its history see note to No. 1 6. *2) part of fo. 12, in the British Museum, a Bagford fragment [Harl. 5963, No. 302, fo. 103]. References. Van der Meersch, p. 132: Hazlitt, HB. p. 212: Herbert, P- 1533- Remarks. This is probably a translation from the Dutch, and bears marks of being by the same hand as Nos. 15, 16, 18, 19 ; the translator was possibly Lawrence Andrewe, certainly an Englishman : there is no trace of ignorance of English as in Nos. 1, 22. The original text of this tale appears to be the " Liebliche Historie von vier Kaufleuten," of which four editions printed in the fifteenth century are known. 1) An edition sine nota [Hain 8750 ; Muther, Die deutsche Biicher-Illustration, 1884, no. 810], of which there is a copy in the Berlin University Library ; 2) Leipzig, Greg. Botticher, 1495 [Muther 693], of which there are copies at Hannover [Bodemann, Incunabeln 29 * der k. Bibl. %u H., no. 156], and in the Berlin University Library. 3) Niirnberg, Hans Mair, 1498 [Hain 8751, Muther 440]. 4) Niirnberg, Hans Mair, 1499 [Hain 8752, Muther 441]. No edition of the Dutch version is known from which the present text can have been translated ; but a copy of a later edition, printed by Vorsterman at Antwerp on 8 Feb. 1531, is in the Ghent University Library. It is entitled : " va. heer. frederick va Jenuen in Lombardie een warachtige historie . . ." See Vanderhaeghen, Bibliotheca Belgica, Ser. 1, F 5. Two leaves of another English edition in quarto, with 32 lines to a page, perhaps printed by W. de Worde, are among the Douce fragments in the Bodleian. These leaves, with a facsimile of the woodcut, were reproduced by Dr. Furnivall in 1871 at p. xxvi of " Captain Cox and his books," published by the Ballad Society ; and again in 1887 for the New Shakspere Society [ser. vi., No. 14; pp. 26-28 (R. Lane- ham's Letter)]. In the British Museum [C. 20. c. 42 (6)] is a later edition, printed by Abr. Vele, which is a close reprint of the present edition. 18. Mary of Nemmegen. [15 18- 19?] 4 . Collation. AB«CD+. 20 fF. 28 11. Text measures 138 x 85 mm. Typei. Title. C Here begynneth a lyttell ftory that was of a || trwethe done in the lande of Gelders of a may || de that was named Mary of Nemegen y was || the dyuels paramoure by the fpace of .vij. yere || longe. || [cut.] Fo. 1 b, below a cut : In the tyme when Duke Arent was taken || . . . Fo. 19 a, 1. 19 : brynge bothe you and me amen. || [2 lines blank.] || (ornaments.) || [1 line blank.] || f[ The conclufyon. || [//. 26-28 blank.] Fo. 19 b, 1. 1 : <[ Al this in this boke conteyned is for a trewth || and if that ye wyll nat beleue me that was the || fyrft maker of this boke ... 1. 12 : to the whyche blyffe brynge both you and me. || AMEN. || [1 line blank.] || (ornaments.) || [1 line blank.] || <[ Thus endeth this lyttell treatyfe Jmprynted || at Anwarpe by me John Duifbrowghe dwel- || lynge befyde the earner porte. || Fo. 20 a : cut. 20 b : Device 3 B. Copy. *At Britwell, the only copy known ; measures 169 x 118 mm. For its history see Note to No. 16. References. Herbert, p. 1532 : Hazlitt, HB. p. 381 : Arber, Note, " i " : Van der Meersch, p. 131. Remarks. This trad is doubtless translated from the Dutch, but no edition of the Dutch text printed in the sixteenth century is known. There are how- ever two editions of the seventeenth century. The first of these, which pro- bably represents more or less faithfully the original text from which the English version is derived, was printed by Pauwels Stroobant at Antwerp in in 1615. A copy of this edition, which has several woodcuts, is in the University Library at Ghent. It has been twice reprinted, once in 1853 by the Maetschappy der Vlaemsche Bibliophilen of Ghent, the editor being Baron J. de Saint-Genois, and again by Prof. J. van Vloten at The Hague in 1854. The other edition of the Dutch text was printed at Utrecht in 1608 30 * by Herman van Borculo. It has not been reprinted, but its variant readings, and other information concerning it, are given by Prof, van Vloten's edition. It differs from the Antwerp edition in having been expurgated by a Protestant editor, who omitted passages of a Catholic tendency. There is a copy of this edition in the Royal Library at the Hague. 19. Tyll Howleglas. n.d. [c. 15 19?] 4 . Collation. A fragment. J* K 6 . Wanting part of J i, and K 3-4. 28 11. Text measures 138 x 85 mm. Type 1. Sig. J 1 a, 1. 1 : with a good wyll and than toke Howleglas y || . . . [" How Howleglas served a shoemaker"'] J 1 b, 1. 14: f[ Howe Howleglas folde tourdes for fat. J 2 b, 1. 1 7 : fl[ Howe Howleglas ferued a Tayler. J 4 a, below a cut: <[ Howe Howleglas defeyued a wynedrawer || in Lubeke. K 2 a, 1. 25 : d Howe Howleglas becam a maker of fpe<5ta- || kles ... K 5 b, 1. 28 : <[ Howe Howleglas was byd for a gefte. End, K 6 b, 1. 27 : his Hoofte and the hooftayfe. Copy. * British Museum [C. 34. f. 51], rescued from a binding : presented in 1887. Ff. 1-3 are bound after ff. 4-8. Measures 193 x 152 mm. Remarks. Two editions printed by R. Copland [British Museum, C. 21. c. 53 and 57] are as regards the text almost word for word the same as this edition, even the spelling being for the most part preserved ; but the chapter headings sometimes differ. A third edition printed by one of the Coplands is also known. See Dr. Furnivall's Captain Cox and his books [Ballad Society, Lond. 1871], p. xlviii. A good account of Eulenspiegel, especially of this English version (as printed by Copland), is given by C. H. Herford, The literary relations of England and Germany [Camb. 1886], p. 283 sqq. J. M. Lappen- berg, Dr. Thomas Murner's Ulenspiegel [Leipz. 1854J, p. 153, describes an edition in Dutch, printed at Antwerp by M. Hillen, without date. This Dutch text contains only a selection of the tales found in the German original ; the fact that the English version is identical in this respect seems to shew clearly that it is a translation from the same Dutch text, though not necessarily from this edition of it. 20. Thuys der fortunen. n.d. ? [before 1520?] F°? Thuys der fortunen ende dat huys der doot. Fr. Olthoff: De Boeidrukkers boekverkoepers en uitgevers in Antwerpen, 1891, p. 26, mentions a copy as having been sold at Antwerp in the De la Faille sale, 1878, for 1356:. *2i. Der Dieren Palleys. 5 May 1520. F°. Collation. A B« C-V+ X* Y* A a-H h 4 . 124 ff. 2 cols, usually 38, 39 11. Text (38 11.) measures 188 X 145 mm. Type 1. 3 1 Title. [A large woodcut with figures of animals, birds and fishes : at top a band with three half-length portraits named above, in type :] Plinius Albertus magnus Dyafcorides. [In the centre of the page is a square space containing the title : II. 1-2 are printed from three blocks placed rather sideways ; I. I is white on red, I. 2 red on white.] Der diere || palleys : en || Die ygaderinge vande beeften d' || Aerde. Vande vogele d'lucht. Va- || de viflchen en monftre d' watere. || Fo. i b, below a cut : Cum Priuilegio et Gracia || Fo. 2 a : Die proleghe || End, fo. 1 23 a, col. 2, 1. 12 [//. 1 0, 1 1 blank"] : Hier is volbracht dat derde tra£taet || des boecs vande viflchen / god heb lof. || daermen in mercken mach die macht || en grote wond'lijcheyt fijnd' wercken || [/. 16 blank] || Gheprent bi my Jan van doefiSorch || Thantwerpen. Jnt iaer ons heeren || M.CCCCC. ende .xx. den vijfften || dach in Meye. || [cuts.] Fo. 123 b, 124 a blank. Fo. 124 b: device 3 b in borders. Copies. *i) British Museum (458. d. 1) ; perfect. Measures 261 x 178 mm. *2) British Museum (1256. h. 3)} perfect, but very short. Measures 242 X 181 mm. References. Panzer, IX. 344. 42* : Arber, Note, " 1 ". Remarks. No. 23 is a translation of this book, which appears to be based on the old ' Liber Bestiarum.' *22. Of the New Lands, n.d. [c. 1520?] 4 . Collation. A'BC*D f E*. 24 ff. 29 and 30 11. Text (30 11.) measures 148 x 84 mm. Title [enclosed in borders]. <[ Of the newe lades and of y people || found by the meflengers of the kyn || ge of portygale named Emanuel. || [/. 4 blank.] || Of the .x . dyuers nacyons cryftened. || [/. 6 blank.] || Of pope John and his landes / and of || the costely keyes and wonders molo || dyes that in that lande is. I [cut.] Fo. 1 b : four woodcuts. Fo. 2 a, 11. 1, 2 blank. 1. 3 : HEre a || forety || mes in the || yere of our || Lorde god. || M.CCC. || C.xcvi. % fo || . . . [fo. 14 b is blank.] End, fo. 24 a, 1. 1 1 : dred . and feuen || [/. 12 blank.] Emprenteth by me John of Doefborowe :• || [cut.] Fo. 24 b : device 3 b. Copies. *i) British Museum [G. 7106]; perfe&; measures 179 x 119 mm. *2) A fragment among the Douce fragments in the Bodleian, consisting of leaves 17 and 22. References. Arber, " The first three English Books on America," a reprint : West Catalogue (see No. 16), lot 1851, No. 5; Herbert, p. 1533 ; Hazlitt, HB. p. 478 ; Bibl. Grenvilliana, I. p. 24. Harrisse, Bibl. Amer. Vetust., No. 116; Coote, The Voyage from Lisbon to India, note 29. Remarks. This book is made up of several parts. Fo. 2, describing a voyage of 1496 (the only part in this volume relating to America), appears to be trans- lated from a lost book, to which the cut on fo. 2 a, and one in the Dieren Palleys, may have belonged. Ff. 2-7 a are a free translation from ff. 1 b- 6 b of the Reyse van Lissebone. The paragraph on fo. 7 b is an expansion of a line and a half on fo. i b of the Reyse, which are omitted in the translation. Fo. 8 a is taken from fo. I % a of the Reyse ; but the two last lines are inter- polated. The second part of the book is a translation of a Dutch version of the Trailatus de decern nationibus christianorum, which is usually appended to the Itinerarius of Johannes de Hese. The third part is the same tract as No. 2 {Fan Pape "Jans landendes), but appears to be an independent transla- tion from a Latin or French original ; see remarks on No. 2 above. A curious point is the insertion of the name of the king of England near the end ; this is not found in the Dutch text. *23. The Wonderful shape, n.d. [after 1520.] F°. Collation, a 6 b — k, L, m — u*. 82 ff. 2 cols. 40, 41, 42 11. Text (40 11.) measures 197 x 146 mm. Type 1. Title [unknown.] Fo. 2 a, col. 1, 1. 1 : C Prologus. || [/. 2 blank.] \\ J N the || name || of ower || fauiour || crifte Je || fu ma- || ker % re || demour || of al ma || kynd / J || Laures || adrewe || of y tow || ne of Ca || lis haue || tranfla || ted for || Johnes || doefbo- || rowe booke prenter in the cite of And || warp this pfent volume deuided in || thre parts which was neuer before j| in no mater- nall langage prentyd tyl || now/ . . . Part 1 ends fo. 39 b ; part 2 ends 63 a, col. 1. End, fo. 81 b, col. 1, 1. 1, below a cut : HEere endyth the wonder || fulle (hape t nature y our || sauyor cryft Jhefu hath created in beftys / ferpetys || on y erth / fowles in y ayre || and fifihes % monfters in the water X [| fee / . . . ib. 1. 18: Amen [| [/. 19 blank] || Tranflated be me Laurens andrewe || of the towne of Calis / in the famous || cite of Andwarpe || Emprented be me John of|| Doefborowe || [border.] Ib. col. 2: four cuts with names, five lines of text, and border. Fo. 82, unknown. Copy. *Cambridge, University Library ; measures 232 x 1 72 mm. Imperfect, wanting ff. 1, 6, 8, 9, 26, 79, 80, 82. Ff. 52, 78 are torn. It was bought by one John Reynoldes in 1591 [inscription on fo. 39]. References. Herbert, pp. 1531, 1822; he dates it 1511. [Why?] Hazlitt, HB. p. 8, calls it "The Noble life and natures . . ." ; BC. I. p. 474. Arber, Note, "m " : Berjeau, Bibliophile, I. p. 5. 24. Van Jason ende Hercules. 8 Nov. 1521. F°. Collation. A 6 B — L+. 4 b ff. 2 cols. Type 1 ? Title [1. 1 is probably woodcut]. Van ^ e °° ul g"' II C De wonderlike vreemde hiftorien. Hoe dat die edel vrome Jafon ghewan dat gul- || denvlies En va noch veel wond'like auStueren die Jafon met die fchone Medea had || de. En voert vande alder Itercften Hercules / die wond'like feyten va wapenen in orlo- || ghen dede / doe hi Troyen twee reyfen deftrueerde. En hoe hi vacht tegens vreemde wo- || derlike beeften die hi al verwan. En tis genuechlick en wonderlick om te horen lefen || [Four cuts.] 33 F End, fo. 46 a. C Gheprent Tantwerpen bi mi Jan || van Doefborch wonende op die || Lombaerde Vefte. Inden H iare ons heeren .M.||CCCCC. en XXI. || opten achfte || in Noue || ber. |1 Copy. The only copy known [in a private library ?] is bound with No. 25 and Boccaccio's Histoire des hommes etfemmes celebres printed by Claes de Grave in 1525-6. Reference. Bibliophile Beige, Vol. 4, 1869, p. 14 (Anale 13 a. The duchess and her gentleman riding by. 53 x 73. 76 1 2 3 4 5 6 7- 8. 9- 16 a. The parson brings two peasants naked before the duke. 64 x 83. 10. 19 b. The parson shews the duke his horse on a trencher* 66 x 72. 11. 21 a. The parson on his horse in a dung cart. 57 X 87.- 12. 22 a. = FJ. 3. J 3- 2 3 k The parson's breeches borne as a banner. 61 x 37. 14. 23 b. Two peasants following the same. ,60 X 37. 15. 24 a. Two cows. 62 x 26. 16. 24 a. The parson in his vestments in a field. 62 X 33. 25 a. = No. 1 6. 17. 25 a. Bailiff and churchwarden. -66 x 39. 27. ' Der IX quaesten. According to the Bibliophile Beige, there are 35 cuts, many of peculiar style, in this work, including: 1. On title, repeated in the work ; Mohammed and Mary surprised in bed together by Mohammed's wife Cadiga. 2. Fo. 20 b. A man in monkish costume, brandishing in his left hand a huge sword, preaches in a church to a group of nuns. 3. The joys of the Mohammedan paradise. 4. A cut between two borders, of Mohammed carried by three devils into hell. 5. Judas killing his father j a beautiful landscape. 6. Device 3 b. 28. Tdal sonder wederkeeren. The following description of the illustrations in this book is taken from Vander- haeghen and the reprint mentioned in Part II. 1. Fo. 1 a. Death holding an arrow, seated on a coffin in a tent, which occupies a narrow pass between rocks. The pass on each side of the tent is blocked with corpses. On the rocks on the left is ' Accident ' seated on a tusked animal which has crossbows for ears, daggers for a mane ; two of its legs are swords, and- two birch rods ; its tail is formed by a three-headed snake. On the rocks on the right is ' Antike,' an old man on crutches^ and ' Maladie,' a woman seated. (In facsimile 123 x 119 mm.) Reproduced in the reprint. 1 Accident ' from the title cut. Side-piece, tA£tor.' 1 Antike ' and ' Maladie ' from the title cut. Side-piece, Death carrying a coffin. * Oudtheyt..' = No, 5. ' Exces ' as death's herald. Persons of different conditions at his side. Death drags to him an emperor, a king of France, and a prince. Death attacking burghers. 77 2. 3 b- 3- 3 b- 4- 5 b. 5- 5 b. 6. 7 b. 7 b. 7- 9 b. 8. 9 b. 9- 12 a. 10. 12 b. ii. 14 a. Man reading ; a vignette [probably = bc. i 19]. 12. 15 b. ( Lustige jeuchden,' two naked women. 15 b. = No. 6. 13. 16 b. Device 3 b. 29. Brabant Chronicle, 1530. The chief set of cuts used in this book is that designed for R. van den Dorpe's edition of 1497. Before being used by J. van Doesborgh (not later than the beginning of 1518} see L.), these cuts had passed through the hands of Hendrik Eckert, who employed them in his edition of 1 5 1 2. He also used two cuts in imitation of the original set; these are found in the present edition, and one of them is No. 1 in L. See below, Nos. 31, 44. There are also two cuts (Nos. 40, 60), apparently belonging to the original set, but not mentioned by Mr. W. M. Conway (" Woodcutters of the Netherlands," pp. 314-17). I have considered a reference to his book a sufficient descrip- tion, and have indicated by an asterisk those cuts which occur in the edition of 1512. It seems on the whole most probable that J. van Doesborgh inherited the set from R. van den Dorpe with his other typographical apparatus, and lent it to Eckert in 151 2. Otherwise it is difficult to explain the fact that isolated cuts are found in books printed by Claes de Grave in 1517 and 1520 (not 1527), and by W. Vorsterman in 1531, at a time when they demonstrably belonged to J. van Doesborgh. Other, smaller, sets are indicated by the latters B to G. Of these F and G alone call for remark. The cuts in set F are of a late date, but have a distinctive character ; they are in the style of the middle of the sixteenth century, and shew considerable skill in the execution. Some of the cuts in set F are copies of those in the great Augsburg Thewrdanck of 151 7. Nos. 82, 90, and 91 are fairly close reproductions of those numbered no, 12 or 25, and 29 respectively. Nos. 92, 93, 94 are close copies in reverse of 75, 100, and 108 of the Thewrdanck. Those of set G apparently belong to an astronomical work, and are dragged in here rather promiscuously. They are also in a late style. One of these, however, No. 84, is earlier : it is found in the same state in the prognostication for 1507 printed by Adr. van Berghen (Br. Mus., MS. Harl. — Bagford fragments — 5937.21 ). A few odd cuts remain. A large one of Charles V. (No. 102) was used by M. Hillenius (the publisher of this edition) in 1520. Others are taken from earlier books of our printer. Lastly, there are a kw doubtful and miscellaneous cuts, which have no letter or reference attached to them, and do not clearly connect themselves with anything in particular. 1. Sig. A 1 a. Block on which are cut the first two lines of the title. 57 x 174. 2. A 1 a. Duke of Brabant on horseback under arch with 6 shields. 149 x 170. 3. A 2 b (1). = DP. title, right hand figure at top. 4. A 3 a (2). = Conway 17. 82 x 66. *5. A 3 a (2). = Conway 20. 76 x 64. 78 6. A 3 b (i). Bust of a man in large cap gazing forward. [B.] A 4 a (2). = No. 5. *J. A 4 b. = Conway 24. 240 X 117. *8. B 3 b (1). = Conway 1. 74 x 63. *9. C I a (1). = Conway 3. 76 X 63. *io. C ib (2). = Conway 4. 86 x 64. *n. D 1 a(i). = Conway 5. 87 x 63. *i2. D 1 b (2). = Conway 8. 88 x 67. *I3. D 3a (1). = Conway 6. 87 x 64. E 1 b (1). St. Alaert. = No. 12. *i4. E 4a (1). St. Digne trampling on a dragon. ? = Conway 10. 89 x 66. *i5. E 4b (2). = Conway 7. 75 x 62. *i6. Fib (1). = Conway 11. 89 x 68. *iy. F 2 b (2). = Conway 12. 90 x 68. F 3 b (2). St. Arnout. = No. 12. G 2 a (2). St. Mary of Oyguyes. = No. 11. H 1 a (2). St. Ide (mother of Godfrey of Boulogne). = No. 11. *i8. H 2 b (2). St. Ide van Leeuwen. = Conway 13. 89 x 65. *ig. K 2b (1). St. Mary killed by a spearman. = Conway 14. 89 X 66. *20. A a 1 a. 'Nobilis Brabancia.' = Conway 23 : O. No. 10. *2i. B b 1 a. = Conway 25. 180 X 139. 22. Cc 2a (1). = O. 24. C c 2 a (2). = No. 5. *23~28. C c 3 to D d 4. = Conway 26. *29. Ee 1 a. = Conway 38. 106 x 128. *3 5°- Qq 2 b(0- Two scutcheons: the middle shields : right and left of No. 20. 34 X 39, 39 X 37. 57. Q q 2 b (1). A woman holding a large arrow point downwards. 71 X 34. ♦58. Rr 1 b. = Conway 39. 106 X 129. R r 3 b. = No. 58. S s 2 b. = No. 58. S s 4 a (2). = No. 32. T t 1 b. = No. 29. *59. Tt2b. = Conway 41. 107x128. *6o. Tt3b. [Not Conway 35. J A. duel between two .knights : the rest look on. Men fight on foot behind. A swordsman cuts a banner pf the retreating force in two. On left a wooded height. 108 x 131. Vv 1 a (2). = No. 31. 62. Vv 2b. = Conway 40. 106 X 130* 1 V v 4 a (2). = No. 54. t -. .* ' 63. X x 1 a (1). Youth bearing the arms of France. [D ?J 35 X 28. 64. X x 4 a (1). Half length of man in mantle and a cap on one side : nose broken in the cut. [E.J 68 x 51. Y y 1 a (2). = No. 4. *6$. Yy 1 b (2). = Conway 21. 75 x 62. Yy3a(2). = No. 53. 80 Z z 3 a (i). = No. 46. A A 1 b. = No. 59. *66. A A 2 b. = Conway 43. 107 X 129. *67. A A 4a. = Conway 44. 104 x 130. *68. B B 3a. = Conway 45. One of the top corners broken off[also in 1512]. 108 x 129. 69. B B 4 b (2). A pope [curious work]. 39 x 26. 70. C C 1 a (2). Edward III., bearing the arms of England. [As No. 63.J 35 X 27. C C 1 a (2). = No. 63. C C 3 a. = No. 34. D D 1 a (1). = No. 4. D D 2 b. = No. 68. DD 4 b. = No. 59. E E 4 b. = No. 29. GG3a. = No. 67. G G 4 a (1). No. 53. 71. G G 4 a (1). Shield, like Nos. 55, 56. (No shield indicated : top left in No. 20.) 72. GG4a(i). Another shield. (Shield shewn : top right in No. 20.) *73- H H 1 b (2). = Conway 18. 89 x 66. H H 2 a (2). = No. 6. 74. H H 2 a (2). Similar figure looking sideways. [B.] 30 X 30. HH 4 a. = No. 67. J J 2a. = No. 68. , Jj4a(i). = No. 4. 75. K K 3 a (1). One knight brandishes his sword over another prostrate. [C] 71 X 79. L L 3 b. = No. 59. M M 2 a. = No. 34. A rose. A carnation. = No. 31. = DP. 7. The heart is not inked in. Bust of man in cap wearing the order of the Golden Fleece. In the distant background is a church. [C.J 92 x 82. *8o. NN4b. = Conway 29. 108 x 132. 004a. = No. 62. £ P- P P 4 a. = No. 59. QQia(i). =No. 45 . Q Q 2 a. = No. 62. RR3a(r). = No. 70. 81. R R 3 b (1). Bust portrait of prince in furred mantle and large hat ; a coat of arms above his shoulder. [D.] 45 X 38. 82. S S 1 a. An execution outside the city walls. [F.] 153 x 136. 8l M 76. M M 4 a (1). 77- M M 4 a (2). M M 4 a (2). 78. N N 2 a (2). 79- N N 3 a (1). T T i a. = No. 29A *83- X X 2 b (1). = Conway 19 ? 82 X 67. 84. a 2 a (2). A comet and stars above a castle : men pointing. [Double en- closing lines. G.J 85. b4a (1). = O. 250. 86. d 2 b (2). Portrait of Mary, daughter of Duke Charles of Burgundy (b. 1457). [C ?] 69 x 49. 87. d 2 b (2). Her arms. 46 x 41. 88. d4b(2). Duke Maximilian on horseback. [C. Numerous wormholes in the block.] 98 x 67. e 1 b. = No. 44. 89. e 1 b. A crown. 15 x 28. 90. e 3 b. A man in long gown meets knight and squire riding up to the gate of a castle. [F.] 100 x 135. 91. e 4 b. A man thrown from his horse in a hilly country. The horse per- forms a somersault in the air. [F.] 102 x 136. 92. f4a. A knight and squire stopt at a city gate by a foot soldier. [F.] 152 X 135. 93. g4a. A knight, his lady, and three attendants conversing with five burghers. [F.] 100 x 137. 94. h 1 b. A lady, her dog, and attendants at a castle gate : a man kneeling on the steps before her. [F.J 153 x 135. 95. h2a. Rude vignette of Maximilian, in a circle. [D ?J Diam. 38 — 39. 96. i 1 a. A fierce confused battle in a hilly country. [F.J 152 X 134. k 4a (1). = No. 63. k 4b (1). = No. 70. m 1 a (1). = No. 81. 97. m 1 b. = D P. 3. *98. 04 a. = Conway 27. (Two blocks.) 109 x 63; 108 x 65. 04b (2). = No. 63. 99. p 3 a (2). A crown with latin cross at top. 28 X 18. p 3 a (2). = No. 89. 100. p 3 a (2). A beardless king on his throne : wears a hat. [D ?] 56 X 28. 101. p 4 b. =0. 40. 102. q 1 a. Large portrait of Charles V., with woodcut inscription. 178 X 128. 103. q 1 b (1). The imperial eagle bearing the arms of Charles V. 86 X 67. q 2 b. = No. 36. 104. r 2 b (2). = O. 191. 105. r 4 b (2). King and his court. A dog lying in foreground. [C ?]. 83 X 96. s 4 a. = No. 62. 106. t4b(i). King of Denmark, with his arms. [D] 45x37. 107. t4b(2). Sceptred youth in large hat with eyes and mouth wide open. [D.J 51 x 37. 108. via (2). King of Hungary. [As No. 63. J 34 x 28. 82 109. v 3 b (2). Youth with open mouth ; no sceptre. [D.J 52 x 37. no. x 1 b (1). = L. 3. in. x ib (2). = FJ. 24. 112. x 3a (1). The gate of a fortress, with bridge. Trees growing in front of it. [F.] 123 x 54. 113. X3a(2). =NL. 19. 114. X3a(2). Shield party per bend. Below, spirals ; above, a horseman killing a man on foot. 48 x 40. IX 5- y 3 b (0- =L. 2. 116. y 4 a. Three women standing by a prostrate man. Astronomical signs beside each of them. [G.] 88 X 103. 117. z2a. Spears, swords, stars, heads in a great flame. A hand strikes into it with a large sword. On the left, an eclipse. (?) [G.] 104 x 116. 118. z 2b. Bust of dodtor. [B.J 28x37. 119. Z3a. Bust of student. [B.] 30x31. 120. z 2 b. and 3 a. Wien besieged by the Turks. [F. ?] 167 X 219. 121. z 4 b. (2). An old man in a cloak holding out his hands. 57 X 29. 122. z 4 b. (2). Woman in bed [holes and cracks in the block]. 69 x 40. 123. }C 2 a. Meeting of Pope and Kaiser, under an arch. Imperial eagle in centre. [C. ?] 119 X 119. 124. x 3 b. (2). The left-hand figure from the top of D P. 1. >t 4 b. = No. 20. 30. The valuation of gold and silver. The cuts in this book are with the exception of those on the last page all illustra- tions of coins, and belong to one set : they are probably identical with those used in 1500 by Liesvelt, and enumerated by Conway on p. 314. There are, however, 31 cuts, while Conway mentions 17 only. Nos. 27, 28 are found in an earlier broadside printed at the Iron Balance : see p. 37, above. Of the cuts on the last page, the upper is clearly distinguished by the interlaced branches above ; the work is close and fine. It is a copy in reverse of one used at the beginning of the sixteenth century by several printers at Koln, among others by Martin von Werden in 1509, on the title of the Consola- torium Johannis de Tambaco, and in 1507 by Johann Landen. The lower cut is very rude and poor. These are quite different from any used else- where by J. v. Doesborgh. 1 . fo. 1 a. The Golde fleys. {Diligite iusticiam. . .) 2. — The phus gyldon. (S. Philipe ite...) 3. ib. The siluer flyes. {Inicium sapientie . . .) 4. — The dowble styuer. (Omnis spiritus...) 5. — The syngyle styuere. (Sit w? domi. . .) 6. 10 a. The gyldon made at bremen... 83 The gyldon made at swolle... The gyldon made by iohfi Kynge || of denmarke. The gyldon made at dauentre... The gyldon minted at dormont. The gyldon not long mynted by the || byshop of vtrecht. The gyldon made to wesele... The gyldon made I y" lade of ludeke. The gyldon made at myst' I westwale. The gyldon here aforetyme whas || made by dauid of borgon somtyme. || byshop of vtrecht. The gyldon made at emde. . . The gyldon not long and newe || made in the lande of gelder. The good rynysh coruorster gol- || dons... (i. Moneta nova aurea Kilen'. 2. Moneta nova aurea Co'. 3. Mo' aurea lipcene (?). 4. Moneta nova aur' swobac. 5. Dated 1437. 6. Moneta nova aurea wa. 7. As No. 5, but the lion feces the wrong way. 8. =No. 6. 9. = No. 4. ro. Mo' Au' Rene s 149 1. 11. Mone. no. francfd'. 12. = No. 5.) The frenche blankes... (2 lilies, 2 crowns.) Other frenche blankes... (4 lilies.) The Castilian. (4Jkm deus. . .) The dobbyll docaet. (Svb vmbra alarum...) The Cruysades. (Iohanes II... on both sides.) Virgin and Elizabeth under canopy. Infant Christ stepping between them. 79 x 60. 33. — Small rude cut of English and French arms quartered. 22x23. 7- 8. 10 b. 9- 10. 11 a. 11b. 11. — 12. 12 a. *3- 12 b. 14. i5- 13 a. 16. 13 b. i7- 18. 17 b. 19. 20. — 21. 18 a. 22. — *3- 24. 18 b. 25. 26. 19 a. 27. 28. 19 b. 20 a. 29. 30- 3i- 3 2 - 23 a. 23 b. 24 b. 84 § 2. THE BORDERS. Borders are used by Jan van Doesborgh chiefly for the purpose of framing in woodcut illustrations, but they are also occasionally employed to fill up a vacant space at the foot of a page or column. The borders used in FT. and PK. are un- doubtedly of French origin ; the others are not distinctively French in style, and arc probably of local execution. In the following list the borders are primarily arranged in chronological order by the book in which they are first found, and secondarily by the position of each in the book where it is first found. Border i. % Alternate rosettes, divided by a zigzag line. Two blocks, one of which (B) has an oblong piece broken out of one end. Both measure 56 x 9 mm. [A.J FT. ia: sa: sb: 10b: 13b. [B.] FT. 4a: 9a: 12b. Border 2. Large roselike flowers, all turned in the same direction, with one leaf: each is divided from the other by a thin white perpendicular line. Three blocks. [A] measures 88 X 10 mm., and is a good deal worn, more so in PJ. than in FT. [B] measures 86 x 10 mm. [C] measures as [B], but is broken on one of the long sides. [A]. FT. 14 b: 17 b: 21 a. PJ.9*. [B.] FT. 1 a: 14b: 18 a: 22b. PJ. 4a: 9a: 10 a. [C] FT. 1 a. Border 3. A continuous flower and leaf pattern. The flower at one end has a broad-arrow mark on it. Two blocks ; [A] 75 X 10, [B] 74 X 10 mm. In all places except the first, B has a corner broken off. This injury is rather larger in PJ. than in FT. [A.J FT. 1 a (joined to B) : 18 b (one side). [B.] FT. 1 a: 13 b: 18 b (the other side) : 26 a. PJ. 9 a. 85 Border 4. Wooden stems placed zigzag : from each springs a flower, filling up the angle. There are two blocks of this, but they are not distinguishable. 90 x 1 1 mm. FT. 1 b (both blocks) : 8a: 12a: 22 b: 25b: 26b. Border 5. Foliage wreathed round a staff. On ff. 22 b, 25 a it is much worn. Measures 40 x 10 mm. FT. ib: 7b: 9b: 22 b : 25 a. Border 6. Long serrated foliage in shallow curves alternately concave and convex. Measures 76 x 10 mm. FT 7a: 8b. Border 7. A flower pattern resembling No. 3. The flowers are star-shaped, and have five petals. Measures 43 X 11. FT. 10 a : 1 r a : 22 b : 26 a. Border 8. A large design in two parts, (a) Border with four dragons and a snail, separated by flowers, (b) A triple pendant, the centre having two grotesque heads. These are always used at the bottom of the page, and thick lead lines frame the other three sides. There are two blocks of (a), which has a white design on a black ground ; in (a 1) the snail is at the right hand end, in (a 2) it is in the middle. Measurements: (a 1) measures at first 173 X 9; at sig. D it becomes 171 -2, at sig. J it falls to 168. (a 2) is at first 170 X 10, but at sig. D becomes 167-8. (b) measures 171 X 20 in the centre. An asterisk prefixed to (a) denotes that the border is placed upside down. This border is only found in O. i. (ai,b). Aia: C2a: 04b: D2b: Fib: Fja: Lia: 1,4a: L6a: M3b: N4a: Qib: R5a: R6a: Sib: x2b: X4b: AA2b: PPaa. ii. (*a 1, b.) B 5b: G 3b: G 6b: H 2 b: J 3 a: J 5 a: K 3 a: P 1 b: GG2a. iii. (a 2, b.) D 1 a: E 2 a: E 4b: G 1 b: K 1 b: O 2 a: P 5 a: Q 2 b: Q3b: R2b: A A 1 a: CC la: KK 1 a: OO 3 a. iv. (*a 2, b.) B 3 a : I 1 a. 86 Border 9. Rosettes on alternate sides, separated by a double thin white line along the centre. There appear to be several blocks of this border, not easily distin- guishable : one of the corners is in some of the impressions faint, in others broken away. These are here indicated by an asterisk. Measurements : in O this border measures 7 1 x 6-7 mm. ; in FJ. and MN., 69-70 ; in DP. and WS. 67 only. O. A ib: A 3 b: MM 2a (1): NN 1 a (1): N N 2a (2): N N 3a (2): N N 4 a (2) : O O 1 a (2). FJ. 17 a. MN. *io b. L DP. *E ia(i); F3a(2): F 4 b (1) : J 4 a (2) : J 4b (1) : K ia(i): *L 1 a (2): *L 2a(i): Ru(i): *R-4 3(2): S 2a(i): V 2a(i): *X 2a(i): Y 4 a (2) : Y 4 b (2) : A a 3 a (2) : H h 2 b (2). WS. *m 4 b (2). Border 10. Two stems, each having four leaves springing symmetrically from each side ; divided, and at each end bounded by flower-like ornaments. Measurement : in the first four books 71x6 mm. : in DP. first 70, then 69, and finally 67 mm. O. Aib: KK4b: MM2a(i): NN 1 a (1) : NN 2 a (2) : NN 33(2): N N 4 a (2). L. 3 b. FJ. 18 b. MN. 10 b. DP. K 2 b (2) : M 4 b (2) : S 3 b (1). Border 1 1 . Reticulated, white lines on a black ground, surmounted by a line of dog-tooth ornament. Measurement : Before DP., 70 X 6 mm. : in DP., and after- wards 68 mm. O. Aib: MM 4a: NN ia(2): NN 5b(i): OO 1 a (2). L. 3 b. V. 25 b : 30 a. FJ. 17 a. DP. G2a(i): G3a(i): G4M 2 ): H 2 a (2): J 2a (1): J 3a (2): K3a(2): M4b(i): R 2a (1): S 3b (1): V2a(2): Y 3 a (2). BC. y 3 b(i). 87 Border 12. A pattern of leaves or palmettea turned alternately upwards or downwards : it re- sembles the stereotyped representation of clouds in early woodcuts. Measure- ment : in O., etc., 71-2 x 7 ; in DP. and WS., 69 only : in BC., 66. O. A ib: A 3 b: LL4D: MM 4a: NN ia(2): NNsb(i). FJ. 18 b. MN. 10 b. DP. J 3a (1): K3a(2): K4a(a): M ia(2): R ia(2): R ib(i): S 3a (1): S 3 b(i): V ia(2): Y3a(2): Y4b(i): Aazb(i). WS. m4b(2). BC. y 3 b(i). Border 13. A large renaissance border, in four pieces. Measurement : top, 23 X 73 mm. ; right side, 175 X 23 ; left side, 175 X 22 j bottom, 30 X 73. O. E E 1 a (top and sides) : L L 3 b (the same) : Q Q 4 b (complete). DP. H h 4 b (complete). BC. X 4b (sides only). Border 13a. The bottom piece of 13, broken, and used alone. Measurement : 30 X 70 mm. Tdal, etc. 16 a: 16 b. BC. E 1 a (2): K4b (2): Aa4b (2): Cc2a(2): Mm4a(2): t4a(2). Border 13b. A piece used to replace the top portion of No. 13. Two flat ornamental arches, with turrets between. Measurement: 13 x 106. BC. * 4b. • Border 14. A border very much resembling No. 9, with the addition of a large rosette in the centre as a pendant, and an excrescence, apparently fragmentary, at each end, containing animal figures. In DP., and afterwards, these latter are broken off flush with the edge of the border itself. Measurement, 61-2 x 16-17 : the end pieces are 18 mm. where perfect, 9 mm. where broken. L. ib. FJ. ib: 25 a. MN. 20 a. 88 DP. Cia(i): Cib(a): D 3 a( 2 ): E 2 a(i): E 3 a(2): Gia(2): Hia (2): J2b(i): J 4 b(i): K 2a(i): L 3 b(2): L4b(2): M 4 a(i): Naa (2): N 4 b(2): Q 4 b(i): Aa 4 b(2). WS. c 2 a (2) : g 4 a (2) : v 3 b (1). BC. A 4 a(2): B 4 a(2): Eia(2): Yyia(i): Y y3 a(2): SS 4 b(2): XX 2a (2): ZZia(2): eia(2): e 3 a(2): f 3 b(2): h 1 a (2) : n 4 a (2) : q 1 b (2) : s 3 b (2) : x 3 a : * 1 b (2)* Border 15. A succession of ornamental circles. There appear to be two blocks of this border ; that occurring on fo. 20 a of MN . is seemingly different from that on fo. 1 a. Measurement: 136-7 x 10. L. ib. V. 1 a. FJ. 1 a : 25 a. MN. 1 a : 20 a. DP. Aa 4 b: Hh 3 a. Border 16. A series of ovals formed by branches : at the point where the ovals join is a flower. There are two blocks of this border, differing at one end. [A] measures 139 X 10 mm. ; [B] measures at first i 3 7, then in DP., where one end is broken, 136 mm. On the title of FJ 4 this border occurs, and agrees with [B] except in the measurement, which is 138 mm. [A. J L. 1 b. V. 1 a. [B.JFJ. 25 a. MN. 1 a, 20 a. DP. Aa 4 b: Hh 3 a. [Doubtful.} FJ. 1 a. Border 17. An open-work border with three pendants. Measurement: 96 X 15 mm. L. 3 b. Border 18. Architectural border in three divisions : a) a zigzag pattern : b) six ceiling panels in perspective: c) three semicircular projections. There are at least two blocks of this. In V. it measures 101 X 13 mm. ; in FJ., fo. 6 a, what may be the same block measures 98 : this is the same as the one used in DP., 89 N . where it is 97 mm. But in FJ., fo. 20 b, one end is broken off, so that it measures only 92 mm. " This, therefore, cannot be the same block as that used in DP. V. 1 a. ^ FJ. 6 a : 20 b. V. DP. ib. Border 19. A border resembling No. 9, but on a larger scale. The line dividing the rosettes is a single thick one, and there is an outer black line attached on one of the long sides. This line is in some of the blocks thin (as used in MN., FJ., H., WS.), in others thick. There appear to be numerous different blocks of this border ; but it is very difficult to distinguish them clearly. In V. only two appear to be used : No. 1 has only half a rosette at one end, while No. 2 has nearly three-quarters. In BC. this border appears in a mutilated condition. V. [No. i.J 7b [left; 88 X 11-12J: I4a[rightj: 17b [left]: 19b. [No. 2.J 7b [right; 88 X 13]: I4a[leftj: 17b [right]. FJ. 2 b [87J: 12 b [left; like 2 b, but 86 x 10]: 12 b [right; 85-6 x 12]: 14 a [top ; as 12 b, right] : 14 a [bottom ; 87 X 10 one end, 12 the other] : 15 a [right ; as 12 b, right] : 15 a [left ; as 12 b, left] : 20 b [as 12 b, left] : 22 b [top; as 12 b, right] : 22 b [bottom ; as 12 b, left] : 24 a [as last] : 24 a [as 12 b, right]. MN. 3 b [as FJ. 2b; like V. No. 1, but apparently different] : 20 b [top; the same] : 20 b [bottom j 86 ; as FJ. 12 b, right ?]. H. J 4a [right side; broken at one end; 83 X 11]: J 4a [left side; 85 X 10]. NL. 11 a [right; 87 X 13]: 11 a [left; 87 X 12]: 24a [right and left; apparently the same less thickly printed : 86 x 12 and 86 x 1 1 J. WS. a 4 b [two blocks ; 83, 84J : k 1 b [two blocks ; 82, 80] : v 3 a (2) [two blocks ; 81, 84]. BC. x 1 b [two blocks ;.6i, 59]. Border 20. A simple pattern of rude trefoils connected by curves ; a double line below. There are many blocks of this border, which are difficult to distinguish. In V. only one block is used, measuring 64-5 mm., unless that on fo. 30 b differs from that on 30 a. In FJ. there are three blocks ; [A] measuring 84 mm.; [B] originally measuring 85, but now broken in two pieces of 66 and 19 mm., and separated [B 1, B 2] ; [C] measuring 63-4 mm., possibly the same as that used in V. In MN. [A] and [B] are used ; the latter has its two pieces placed together. In DP. only [B ij and [C] are found; the latter is broken, and near the end quite worn out. The example of [C] used 90 ^0 in NL., which is not broken, must, unless the book be wrongly placed after DP., be a duplicate block. V. 17 b: 25 b: 30 a: 30 b. FJ. [A.J 2 b: 4 a: 12 b: 18 b. [B i.J 1 a: 8b[topJ: iob[topJ: 17 a [bottom]. [B 2.] 8 b [bottom] : 10 b [bottom] : 17 a [top] : 25 b [top]. [C.J 8b [bottom]: 10 b [bottom] : 17 a [top] : 25 b [top]. MR [A.] 1 a: 10 b. [B 1 and 2. J 3b: 7 a. H. [B i.J J 4 a. DP. [Bi.J Cib(2): D 3 b(i): Eia(i): G 4 b (2) : J 3 a (1) : J 4 a(i) J 4 b (2) : K 3 a (1) : M 1 a (2) : M 3 b (1) : N 2 a (2) : O 2 a (1) [bottom] P 4 a (1) : Q 4 b (2) : S 2 a (2) [top] : V 1 b (1) : V 4 b (1) : Y 4 b (2) Aaia(i): A a 1 b (1). -[C.J C 1 a (2): C 4a (2): E 2b(2): E 3b(i): F 2b(i): G 33(1): G4a(2): Jib(i): J4b(i): K ia(i): K2b(2): M2a(2): M4b(i): O 2 a (1) [topj : P 1 b (2) : S 2 a (2) [bottom] : S 2 b (1) : V 2 a (2) : A a 3 a (2): Bb4a(2). NL. [C ? see above.] I a. WS. [A? 81 mm.] d 2 b (1). [B 1.] e 1 a (2) : v 3 b (1) [right]. [C.J e 2 a (1) : v 3 b (1) [left : 61 mm. only]. BC. [A scrap of 24 mm.] z 4 b (2). Border 2 1 . Two blocks always used together, representing ornamental renaissance half- columns, divided into two parts by a triple moulding or fillet in the centre. Measurement : 94 x 8 mm. V. 25 b: 30 a. FJ. 1 b : 24 b : 25 b. MN. 20 b. Border 22. A border with three pendants, very like No. 17, but smaller and less elaborate. Measurement: in FJ. 87 X 14 mm.; in MN. and H. 86; in DP. 85. There is probably more than one block. FJ. 1 a : ib: 4a: 7a: 18 b : 24 a : 24 b : 25 a : 25 b. MN. 1 a: ib: 14b: 15b. H. J 4 a. DP. 1 b. 9 1 Border 23. The ground is white. There is a bounding line both at top and bottom. Semi- circles inside which runs a line touching each semicircle at three points by a succession of curves. In FJ. only a scrap of this border is used, measuring 19 X 11 mm. : in NL. is found a larger piece, measuring 53 X 13 mm. FJ. 8 b: 10 b. NL. 1 1 a. Border 24. Rather to the left of the middle is a circle enclosing a rosette: on each side a renaissance ornament resembling a floriated column. Measurement : 58 X 7 mm. FJ. 12 b. MN. 20 a. Border 25. White ground. A series of black ovals in juxtaposition, occupying the whole breadth of the border ; each oval contains two escallops placed back to back. Measurement: 147 X 10 mm. except in BC, where there is only a frag- ment, 53 x 10. There are two blocks. DP. 1 b [both blocks], NL. 1 a [both J : 8 b and 9 a [both J. WS. q 1 a [one only]. BC. P3 a(2). Border 26. Semicircular curves, where they join running to a point, which is topt by a trefoil. From the base of each trefoil on each side to the central point of each curve run opposing curves : at the middle of these curves is a sort of twist. This border is open at the top, but has a bounding line at the bottom. There are three blocks of this border, with slightly different patterns. [A.J measuring 67 X 13 mm., has the twist small, and above it one or more in- dependent dots or small circles. The bounding line is prolonged perpendicu- larly at both ends. [B.J measures 68 X 13 mm. The twist is larger; there are no dots; and there is a perpendicular bounding line at one end only. [C.J measures 70 X 13 mm. It is like [B,J, but has the bounding line at both ends. DP. [A.J C 1 a (1) : E 3 a (2) : G 4 b (1) : H 1 a (1) [bottomj. [B.J C 3 a(i): D 3 a(2): Eiafi): E 4 b(i): F 3 a(i): F4b(a): G 2 b (1) [bottom] : G 4a (2): H 1 b (2) [topj : H 4a (1): J 1 a (1) [bottomj : J 1 b (1) : J 3 a(i) : K 1 a (1) : K 2 b (2) : K 3 b (2) : L 1 b (2) : L 2 a (1) : 92 L 4 b (i) [top] : M i a (2) : M ib(i): M 2 a (a) : N 2 b (2) : O 1 a (2) ' Q ia(2): Ria(i): Sib(i): S 3 b (1) : T 1 a (1) : Aa 4 b [left]: Bb 4 a (1): Hh 2b(i). [C.J C 3 b(2): D 2b(i): E 3 a(i): E 3 b(i): Gia(i): G 2 b (1) [top] : H 1 a (1) [top] : H 1 b (2) [bottom] : J 1 a (1) [top] : J 2 b (2) : L 3 b (2) : L 4 b (1) [bottom] : M 2 b (2) : M 4 a (1) : Q 4 a (1) [henceforth slightly worn at ends; 68-69 mm.] : Q 4 b (1) : R 1 b (2) : S 1 b (2) : S 2 b (2) • V 1 a (2) : V 2 a (1) : V 4 a (2) : A a 4 b [right]. WS. [C.J t 2 a (2) [68 mm.] : v 3 b (2) [67 mm.]. BC. [A ; with the dots cut out.] x 1 b [right: 65 mm.]. [B.] x 1 b [left]. Border 27. A pattern of upturned semicircles on a black ground. Measurement: 61 x 10 mm. DP. J 2b (2): K 2a (1): Laa(i): L 4b (2): M 1 b(i): M 2 b(i) : N 33(1): Q ia(2): Q4a(i): R 3 b (1): S 1 a (1) : S 2b(i) : V 1 b (1): V 4 b (1): X 2 a (1) : Y 4 a (2) : Y 4 b (1) : A a 1 a (1) : A a 1 b (1) : H h 2 b (2). WS. b 4 a (2) : d 3 b (2) : e 4 a (2). Border 28. Two plain pillars, one above the other, with capital and base. On one side is a black strip running all along, with white spaces dug out of it. Two blocks. Measurement: 126 X 9 mm. WS. K 1 b [both]. BC. A a 1 a [both]. Border 29. At ends, flowers : in centre, a bishop issuing from a flower faced by a spiral-tailed monk. Measurement: 63 x 14 mm. PK. 10 a: 11 a: 12 a: 19b: 22a. Border 30. Two grotesque animals, one a winged dragon passant reguardant; at ends, flowers. Measurement : 63 X 14 mm. PK. 10 a : 22 a : 24 a : 25 a. Border 31. A bold flower pattern : fleur-de-Iys shaped white spaces, inside which are flowers, divided by flowers and foliage. Measurement : 63 X 14 mm. PK. 11 a: 12a: 24a. 93 Border 32. Measurement : 46 x 8 mm. PK. 13 a [right side]. Border 33. A dragon on the left threatens a hind in the centre; on the right a flower. Measurement : 63 X 14 mm. PK. 23 b. Border 34. A line of curved diamonds enclosing circles: two pieces joined in the middle. At each end are the beginnings of the same pattern starting off at right angles. Measurement: (78 X 77 =) 155 X 9 mm. BC. A a 1 a [left]. Border 35. A border formed of two different patterns joined in the middle. (a) Diamond-shaped rosettes, the sides" filled up with similar half-rosettes. (b) Interlaced bands enclosing in succession a square, an oblong, and an oval. Measurement: (78 X 78 =) 156 x 9 mm. BC. A a 1 a [right]. Border 36. As (a) of 35, with the addition of an openwork edging. Two blocks ; [A] is an end block, 41 x 15 mm. ; [B] is 40 X 14 mm. BC. M m 4 b [ A, B] : N n 2 a [A] : O o 4 a [A, B] : P p 3 a (1) [A] : e 1 b [A, B]: m 1 b [A]. Border 37. Ovals filled with interlaced work like that of 35 (b) : the intervals are filled with fine lines. Openwork edging with an ornament in the middle. Two blocks ; [A] has a double line at both ends, [B] only at one end. Both measure 40 X 14 mm. BC. Mm 4 b [A,B]:Nn2a[A,B]: Oo ia[B]: 004a [A,B]: Pp ia [A] : P p 2 b (1) [A] : X x 1 a (2) [A, B] : N N 2 a (2) [A, B] : QQia (1) [A]: RR 3 a (1) [B] : RR 3 b (1) [B] : e ib [B]: m 1 b [A, B]: o 4 b(2)[B]: x 3 a[A,B]: y 4 a[A,B]: z 2 a[A,B]. 94 Border 38. Two double spirals (S-shaped) of Renaissance pattern joined by a band. . Open- work edging with a fly in the middle. Two blocks ; in B the band is black and the fly clearer than in A. Measurement: 40 X 14. BC. M m 4 b [A, B] : N n 2 a [B] : O o 1 a [B] : O o 4 a [A, B] : P p 1 b (2) [A, B] : B B 4 b (2) [A, B] : N N 2 a (2) [A, B] : QQia (1) [B] : R R 3a(i) [B]: e 1 b [A, B]: h 2 a (2) [A, B] : k 4a (1) [A, B] : k 4 b (1) [A,B]: m 1 a (1) [A, B] : m ib [A, B] : o4b(2)[B]: t4b(i)[A,B]: v 1 a (2) [A, B] : y 4 a [A, B] : z 2 a [A, B]. Border 39. The same pattern as No. 34, with an openwork edging. Two blocks, both 40 X 15 mm. BC. Nn 2a[A,B]: Oo 3 b (2) [A, B] : Oo 4a [A, B]: Pp ia(i)[A]: P p 2 b (1) [A] : P p 3 a (1) [B] : e 1 b [B] : m 1 b [B]. Border 40. Waisted pillar not unlike No. 21, but plain and narrower. Five blocks : [A] measures 54 x 9 mm. ; [B] 56 ; [C] 67 ; [D] 55 ; [E] 66. BC. [A, B.J Oo3b(2): Qq ib(i): Vv4a(2): Xx4a(i): Zz 3 a(i). [B,C,D,E.] d2b(2). Border 41. A rectangular pilaster, with a circle in the middle and an abacus-like projection at both ends. Three blocks; [A] is merely a fragment, measuring 24 x 1 1 mm.; [B, C] measure 49 mm. BC. [A.] e 1 b. [B,C] t 4 b(2): v 3 b(2). § 3. INITIALS AND ORNAMENTS. 1. Large Initials. D. Contains figure of Moses holding the tables. 12-line. 51x63. O. A 2 a. BC. A a 1 a. H. Black ground with white spiral pattern. 8-line. 37 X 40. FT. 1 a. Short accidence. 1 a. 95 I. Interlaced branches, with two men and a woman ; on left, a shield bearing three fleurs-de-lys. 14-line. 65 x 49. FT. 2 a. J. Contains figures of two pilgrims, one standing and one kneeling. 20-line. 98 x 48. DP. 2 a. NL. 15 a. WS. 2 a. N. Contains figures of pope, cardinal, bishop, emperor, and king. 14-line. 64 x 50. PJ. 2 a. U. Contains a representation of the Trinity. 10-line. 47 X 48. DP. 03a (r). 2. French Initials. i. With black ground. A. Flowers. 30 X 28. BC. B 3 b (1) ; and nine times elsewhere. D. Butterfly in centre. 29 x 27. DP. A 6 a ; and seven times elsewhere. WS. K 2 b (1). BC. A 2 a. D. Flowers only. 28 x 27. BC. C I b (2); and thrice elsewhere. F. Belongs to a different alphabet. 32 X 32. BC. QQia(i). I. With two flowers. 27 x 26. BC. C 3 a (2) ; and thirty-four times elsewhere. 0. Flower in centre. 27 X 26. BC. e 3 a(i). V. 25 x 26. BC. [Upside down] C 2 b (2): [do., used for A] D 3 a (1) : [right] K 1 a (1). ' ""*;* v '■'';■' - ' ii. With dotted background. 1. With two animals. 21 x 21. O. A 2a: B 3 b (1) : B 6 a (1). DP. C r a (1). WS. b 1 a (2). With few exceptions, all the initials used in PK. belong to this class. 96 3» Grotesque. An alphabet of five or six-line initials ; the letters are formed by black lines of varying thickness ; in most initials of this kind grotesque feces are introduced, but this is not the case with the present set. G. BC. O o 2 a (2), and twice elsewhere. H. WS. a 5 b, and thrice elsewhere. BC. H 1 a (2), and ten times elsewhere. K. BC. q ib(i). M. BC. d 3 a (1) : m 1 b (1). N. BC. Tt2b(i): r 1 b (2). S. BC. A 2 b (2); and four times elsewhere. T. WS. 33a. W. BC. B b 1 b (1) ; and twice elsewhere. 4. Miscellaneous. B. An initial once belonging to G. Leeu. 22 mm. WS. l3a(2). C. White on a black ground. Seven-line. 3 1 X 29. PK. 8 a. T. A plain letter, without ground or edge lines. 27 x 27. WS. a 3 a(i): g 1 b (2). 5. Lombardic Initials. i. An A (no other letter) with inner markings and edge-line. FT. 19 a : 25 b. ij. An A (no other letter) with inner markings, but no edge-line. FT. Seven times on and after fo. 15 a. iij. Plain two-line initials, usually or exclusively used in all the books except PK., in which W only is found, iv. One-line initials used in the text : found in FT., PJ., R.L., and the Long accidence, v. Very small initials used with type 2 in the large figure of Moses ; O., CC 3 b. vi. Thick quasi-Lombardic three-line, I only, the upright consisting of two strokes. PJ. 4 b. vij. A two-line E formed of thin black lines enclosing white spaces: the cross- stroke has diagonal black lines. O. M 2 b (2). 97 C ORNAMENTS. i. A Maltese cross : there are two sizes of these, and they are usually combined with arrangements of stops such as . • . :/: )( ):( to form a line. FJ. : MN. : H. : BC. (smaller cross only), ij. A six-rayed star, 22 mm. in diameter. WS. q i a. iij. &», This is used very frequently in BC, chiefly in combination with iv., at the sides of the cuts in the Chronicle set. The greatest number found on one page is 44 on E e 1 a and G g 4 a. iv. X Used chiefly in combination with iij., but also as a signature at the end of BC. The greatest number on any one page is 28 on Tt 1 b and C C 3 a. v. A trefoil ornament resembling a piece of border 20 cut off". Used only in BC- Two are found on O o 3 b (2) and Q q 1 b (2) ; four on X x 4 a (1) and Z z 3 a (1). This ornament is found on the title of the Dutch Virgilius printed by W. Vorsterman. 98 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. P. 5. The Iron Balance. The following extract from the Historisch Onderzoek naer den oorsprong . . . . der openbare plaetsen .... van de stad Antwerpen, Antw. 1828, p. 107, throws light on this address : " Yzer Waeg. Op den hoek van de zoogenaemde Luizenmarkt, en van de Yzeren Waeg is een huis, de Yzeren Waghe, dat de stad toebehoorde." The plan by P. Verbiest shews the Luizenmarkt as a street turning out of the Steenhouwers Veste, a prolongation westward of the Lombaerde Veste ; it ran almost parallel to the Cammerstraet The Yseren Waeg was a small open space on the eastern side some distance along, and the house so called was at the corner of this place and the Luizenmarkt. P. 5» Inden aren van die vier evangelisten. The meaning of the word aren seems doubtful. I owe to the kindness of a friend the suggestion that it = eren, the French aire, here ' an open space,' and that the place meant was the crossways formed by an intersecting street halfway up the Lombaerde Veste, where the signs of " The Eagle " and of " S. Mark " still remain. P. 32. Another copy of, the Dieren Palleyswas sold at the Enschede sale in 1867 (sale catalogue, No. 890). A long description of this book is given by C. G. Hultman, Bibliographische Zeltzaamheden, 1818, 8°, pp. 7, sqq. P. 35, No. 26. Two leaves (sig. B) of an edition of the Parson in low German verse printed at Liibeck about 1500 "by M. Brandiss or S. Arndes are in the British Museum [C. 18. e. 1 (45)]. They probably belong to the same edition as the Berlin fragment. There are two woodcuts, the second of which is clearly the original of No. 2 in the English edition. P. 36, No. 29. Another copy of the Cronike van Brabant^ wanting sheets D d and M M, is described by Mr. G. D. Bom in Bibliotheca Belgica, "Vlaemsche Druckers " .... 1 526 tot 159% Amst. 1894, 4 ; p. n, No. 13. P. 45, No. 12. A book entitled "Een wandelinghe der kersten menschen mit Jhesu den brudegam der sielen inden hof der bloemen," printed at Amsterdam 18 Dec. 1506, contains a number of cuts which are either closely copied from the Oorspronck set C, or are the originals of that set. They differ only in minute details. Cuts corre- sponding to Nos. 77, 89, 94, 101, 103, 106, 109, 116, 117, 119, 122, 125, 139, 227 of the Oorspronck are there found. P. 73. Wonderful Shape. No. 109 is a mistake, and is to be struck out. 99 LIST OF PLATES. I. Types i and 2, being fo. i b of the Os fades mentum, from the Huth copy. II. Device r, and border 4, being the last page of the Fifteen Tokens, from the copy in the British Museum. IN. A. Device 2, from the last page of Van Pape Jans landendes ; taken from the copy in the British Museum. B. Device 3*, from the last page of the Reyse van Lissebone, 1 508 ; taken from the copy in the British Museum. IV. (Frontispiece.') Device 3% surrounded with border 13, being the last page of the Oorspronck, 1517 ; from the copy in the British Museum. V. Title-page of the Fifteen Tokens, showing initial H, cut 1, and borders 1 [left], 2 [top and bottom], and 3 [right]. From the copy in the British Museum. VI. Fo. 1 b of the Fifteen Tokens ; cut 2, borders 4 and 5. From the copy in the British Museum. VII. Title-page of Van Pape Jans landendes, from the copy in the British Museum. The original is damaged in the upper part. VIII. Fo. 1 b of the Letter of B. de Clereville [151-j], showing cut 2, borders 14 [top], 15 [left], and 16 [right]. From the copy in the Bodleian. IX. Cut 126, and border 9, from L 1 a (2) of the Dieren P alleys, 1520. The cut apparently belongs to a lost book on America, of which the cut and text of Plate XI. are further traces. From a copy in the British Museum. X. Title-page of the New Lands, showing cut 1 and borders 20 [top] and 25 [sides]. From the Grenville copy. XI. The two sides of fo. 2 of the New Lands, being all that concerns America. It is apparently translated from a lost Flemish original. From the Grenville copy. XII. The last page of the Chronike van Brabant, 1530. The cut was first used in 1497. Border 13, 13 b. From the copy in the British Museum. 101 |)faciC0mcntCiOcn00UttmJlitt0Ufli>alam abcifce abiowc abvte afoibdx tfple*- «ippe ^arbafupmUmmaltufroiwtepotalAbtti faalpebtaficoraluoactco albugo puptUA tbetppoftbcnofc.fnfU£loftbcrt«ft.tf>cf|Xrc«t»£ttt'citetbeb:aripan atoppea&eupfcengoftbebCT* anere ^tcapttte tritium timejcotftrimett et aim's tbcfo?tb£*pnrr.tbcni£&epart.t&±l?n&crpart oftbebtftf.bfcipn«, a parte gnwiputattmtewtputoroput etcerebtfcgs ncbpce a gome afo:be?x c,topntbano<:© anbclbo» bMtMtteftbMrfltf l&ilma iuucturcmaiubuafuttilnalaccrms ttapka fpng^afbefotr abuft en«fc Bn3ue0tu&t0itt0&umcro0rfip«toteroUw* flrmep^t af^ft acubpt blot* atet 3otodq>& <5ft omlJtltcuslatttffrt raw pdleuateofunt aberte.amtft.along. a^e,o^l,anq?btj^aHiaw»tbongbccr.aback abackbottc tbeeni>coftbtc!je| OjiiUettbeeOjeaje& afo«£ i mefutt&aiieof $ugemait. _ fljniijeppofhiottiotmattjot Sua aucmjougfcrcs ^jd ttt&aourelotD&optt tye* See. B0oi^crrti.toto0.of^i0pafltottWi^m| PLATE V. PLATE VI. PLATE VII. \&t\)afyt benctem in fyt tanfce c PLATE VIII. PLATE IX. PLATE X. H. § a §> «* «» s ; iiiittiitf fS'SS.sS?^ Sffa «w§o pot *C£t;«* S « S § 6 * S S S st ttl tH S&« S 1 g ll^S S a. C^&qfttnt tot if mtwrpm op Dif % ombacr&e tfcBe/Uimi *#ammn ©oefootctj/intiaerona (JUL PLATE XII. CHISWICK PRESS : — CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. n m. ^