, , . jfjiiio'iiJifiMiintifrrtifflffflifffflflroM :trfHX¥rrns&^^r^roacmffSsf!nF0arrives9BiB CD 04-3 A5 + BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Henrg W. Sage 1891 A/M^^SC /o/si/k^.. Cornell University Library CD 1043 .AS 1891 + Guide to the principal classes of docume 3 1924 029 767 658 olln Overs Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029767658 A GUIDE PRINCIFAL CLASSES OF DOCUMENTS PHESERVED IN THE PUBLIC EECORD OFFICE, S. R. SOAEGILL-BIRD, F.S.A., OP TUE PUBLIC HEOOKD OFFICE. LONDON: PRINTED FOE HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY EYEE AND SPOTTISWOODE, PKIlfTEBS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCEIiLENT MiJEBTT. And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from EYEE AND SPOTTISWOODB, East Haedihg Stkeet, Fleet Street, B.C.; or JOHN MENZIES & Co., 12, Hanovek Steeet, Bdinbueqh, and - 88 and 95, West Nile Steeet, Glasgow; or HODGES, FIGGIS, & Co., IM, Geaftos Steeet, DuBijir. ^0 1891. Price Seven Shillings. A. 3^^5^(; CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY '' INTRODUCTION. The Public Eecords cf this country have been aaid to excel all others " in age, beauty, correctness, and authority." For a period of well nigh 800 years they contain, in an almost unbroken chain of evidence, not only the political and constitutional history of the realm and the remotest particulars with regard to its financial and social progress, but also the history of the land and of its successive owners from generation to generation, and of the legal procedure of the country from a time " to which the memory of man runneth not to the contrary." Although bufEeted about to some extent in civil wars and dis- sensions, and many o£ them hidden away fur years in noisome cellars, to be the refuge^nd food of vermin, they have survived to form a magnificent monument of the past, mutilated here and there, it is true, by the ravages of time and neglect, but still speaking with authoritative voice to the centuries to come of the struggles for civil and political liberty and of the social and domestic condition of the Englisli race from its earliest infancy to the present time. 1 he history of their many vicissitudes, and of the alternate care and neglect with which they have been treated for centuries, has been so exhaustively dwelt upon by previous writers that its repe- tition here would be both tedious and unnecessary. Suffice it, therefore, to say that within the walls of the stately, albeit unfinished Record Repository, the construction of which on the Rolls Estate was commenced in 1851, are now collected together all the muniments of the Superior Courts of Law anciently preserved in their respective Treasuries (and subsequently in the several Record Offices established in the Tower of London, the Rolls Chapel Office, the Chapter House at Westminster, the King's Mews at Charing Cross, Carlton Ride, and other places of deposit), as well as those of Special or Abolished Jurisdictions from all parts of the country. To these have been added the entire contents of the State Paper Office at Westminster, which was amalgamated with the Public Record Office by Treasury Minute dated 8th August 1848, and the Boobs, Papers, and Documents of the various Government Departments to a com- paratively recent date. The charge and superintendence, and, either by the Act itself or by a warrant in pursuance thereof, the custody also of the whole of these was vested in the Master of the Rolls by the Act 1 & 2 Vict., c. 94., known as the " Public Record Act," U 55672. 250.— 2/91. Wt. 11111. B. & S. a 2 IV INTRODUCTION. and by an Order of the Privy Council, dated 5tli March 1852, all the Kecorda belonging to Her Majesty, deposited in any oflSce, court, place, or custody other than those named in the Public Record Act were placed thenceforth " under the charge and superintendence " of the Master of the Kolls, subject and according to the provisions of the said Act. Some idea of the nature and extent of the vast collection now deposited in the Public Record Office may be gathered from the foUov^ing enumeration of the several Sub-Divisions or groups of Records of which it consists : — * CONTENTS OP THE PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE. (1.) Records of the Superior Courts of Law, as follows : — The Couet of Chancery. „ Queen's Bench. „ Common Pleas. „ Exchequer, with its Branches, Ad- ministrative AND Judicial, as fol- lows : — The Exchequer of Pleas or Common Law Side. The Queen's Remembrancer's Department or Equity Side. The Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer's Depart- ment (including the Office of the Clerk of the Pipe). The Augmentation Department (including the abolished courts of augmentations and of THE General Surveyors of the King's Lands). The First Fruits and Tenths Department (in- cluding THE abolished CoURT OF FlRST FrUITS AND Tenths). The Receipt Department or " Exchequer op Receipt " (including the Pells' and Auditors' Offices). The Treasury op the Exchequer or Treasury OF the Receipt op the Exchequer, The Land Revenue Department. * The enormous bulk of the National Archives will, perhaps, be best exemplified by the statement that one class of documents alone, the Close Rolls of the Court of Chancery, comprises considerably over 18,000 rolls, whilst the Coram Eege and De Banco Bolls, which are also numbered by thousands, are frequently of huge size a single roll of the Tudor and Stuait periods containing from 500 to 1,000 skins of parchment. INTRODUCTION. (2.) Records of Special and Abolished Jurisdic- tions, as follows :— High Couet of Admiralty. OOUET OF AeOHES. Couet of Chi valet. High Couet of Delegates. Couet of High Commission in Ecclesiastical Causes. Maeshalsea and Palace Couets. Peveeil Couet. Couet op IIequests. CouBT OF Star Chamber. Couet of Waeds and Liveeies. (3.) Records of the Duchy of Lancaster. (4.) „ Palatinate of Durham. <5.) „ Palatinate of Lancaster. (6.) „ Principality of Wales (in- cluding the Palatinate of Chester). (7.) State Papers and Departmental Records, in- cluding :— Recoeds of the Admiraltt. „ Audit Office, „ Colonial Office (including the BOAED OF TeADE). „ FoEEiGN Office, „ Home Office, „ Lord Chamberlain's Department. „ Treasury. „ War Office. Recoeds of vaeious abolished Offices and expired Commissions, VI INTRODUCTION. In order to nfford some guide as to the manner and sequence in which the judicial docuaients, which constitute the greater part of those described in the present volume, came into existence, a hrief sketch of the nature and origin of the Superior Courts of Law and of such of the Special and abolished Jurisdictions as are represented in the Public Eecords, and also of the duties of the principal Officers attached to such Courts, is appended.* It must be borne in mind lliat the ssveral Courts are described as they existed prior to the passing of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act of 1873. A brief account is also given of each of the remaming Sub- Divisions of ihc Public Records. DESCRIPTION OP THE COURTS OP LA.W. The terra Court or Curia was originally used to denote simply the Palace or Riv-iJence of tiie King, but came eventually to have a more especial siijnification, namely, that of the place in which justice was aihiiinistered. In the process of time the King's Court became subdivided into four branches known as the Superior Courts, and generally held at Westminster, consisting of the King's Bench, the Chanceiy, the Common Pleas, and the Exchequer, all of which were Courts of Record. In addition to these there were numerous Courts having special or limited jurisdiction, some of which were Courts of Record, whilst others were not of Record, and therefore known as Base Courts. A Court of Record was one which had the power to hold pleas according to the course of the Common Law in real, personal, and mixed actions, when the debt or damage in dispute amounted to or exceeded 40*., and, being a King's Court, had authority to fine and imprison ; while the Base Courts could only hold pleas relating to sums under the amount specified, and could neither impose a fine nor imprisonment, nor were their proceedings enrolled ; of tliis description were the County Courts, Courts Baron, &c. The Rolls of the Superior Courts of Record were of such authority that no proof could be admitted against them, and they were triable only by themselves in pursuance of a Writ of Error ; whilst in Courts not of Record the proceedings might be denied and tried by a Jury, and a Writ of false judgment be thereupon issued. All the inferior Courts of Law were regulated by the Court of King's Bench, which took care that they did not exceed their jurisdictions or alter their forms. * The statements relatiog to the nature, &c. of the earlier Courts of Law are taken from Sir Tbos. Hardj's Introduction to the Close Rolls. vu INTRODUCTION. The Curia Regis or Aula Regis. This Court took its name from the place in which it was held, the Hall or Court of the King's Palace. It a-ppeurs to have been of Norman origin, and the name \vas originally applied to an assembly exercisinj; both legishitive and judicial f anctions, which, under the Noiman rule, supplied in all probability the place of the Saxon Wittenagemote or Common Council. In the Curia Regis were discussed and tried all pleas immediately concerning the King and the Realm, and suitors were allowed, upon payment of small fines to remove their plaints fiom inferior jurisdictions of Saxon origin into this Court, so that, in the reign of Henry I., it had become the regular Court of Appeal from all the Courts of ordinary jurisdic- tion. These inferior tribunals, such as the County Courtti, Hundred Courts, and Courts Baron, were- so numerous as to cause serious, inconvenience, and the ignorance or partiality of the judges gave rise to much venality and debasement of the laws. To put a stop to these irregu- larities " men versed and experienced in the laws and " constitution of the Realm " were appointed in the reign of Henry the First as Itinerant Justices, to go on circuits through every part of the kingdom, and to hear and determine pleas, as well civil and criminal as pleas of the Crown, arising within the several districts assigned to them, and these appointments were finally established and the kingdom divided into six circuits at the Council of Northampton in the 22nd year of Henry the Second. In the same reign the judicial business of the Curln Regis appears to have been separated from its legislative functions, and the Court definitely established as a legal tribunal. This step appears to have been taken by the King in consequence of complaints made to him of the partiality of his " Justicise " resiant in his Court, whose number he reduced from 18 to 5, and enacted " quod illi quinque " audirent omnes clamores regni et rectum facerent ; et " quod a Curia Regis non recederent, sed ibi ad audi- " endum clamores hominum remanerent, ita ut, si aliqua " quaestio inter eos veniret, quse per eos ad finem duci " non posset, auditui regi prassentaretur et sicut ei, et " sapientoribus regni placeret, terminaretur." Here we have the establishment not only of a permanent Court of Justice in the King's Court, but also of a still higher tribunal, that of the King in Council, to whom ap'peal was to be made in cases of difficulty. Vlll INTRODUCTION. The jurisdiction of the Curia Regis became eventually BO extensive, and the business transacted therein was of so miscellaneous a character, that a sub-division of the Court into distinct Departments became absolutely necessary, and such a division is believed to have taken place at the latter end of the reign of Richard the First. " Thence- " forth pleas touching the Crovim, together with common " pleas of a civil and criminal nature, were continued to " the Curia Regis ; plaints of a fiscal kind were trans- " ferred to the Exchequer ; and for the Court of " Chancery were reserved all matters unappropriated by " the other Courts." A further division took place in the 17th year of King John, when, by the 11th chapter of Magna Charta, the Court of Common Pleas was separated from the Curia Regis and made stationary, being held thenceforward in Westminster Hall. After this separation the Curia Regis continued to be the superior Court of Law for all criminal matters, and became eventually the Court of King's Bench. It does not appear at what precise period the change of title took place, but in the old Calendars the Records are called rolls of the Curia Regis to the end of the reign of Henry the Third, after which date they are called rolls of the King's Bench. The Concilmm Regis or Select Council. The Concilium Regis consisted of the Chancellor, the Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer, the Judges of either Bench, the Itinerant Justices and Justices of Assize, the great officers of State, and such of the dignified clergy as it pleased the King to summon. There was another Council with which this has sometimes been confounded, called the Commune Concilium or National Assembly, which met at the three great festivals of the year, and was composed of " all the great men over all " England, Archbishops and Bishops, Abbots and Earls, " Thegns and Cniths;" but the Concilium Regis appears to have been a Select Council chosen from the members of the more numerous assembly, and exercising peculiar functions. Thus " it was always about the King, attended " upon him in all his expeditions, and followed him in all " his progresses through the kingdom ; petitions were " constantly referred to it, and remedies provided by it " without delay, and doubtful and intricate points of law " were there discussed and determined ivithout waiting for IX INTRODUCTION. •* the stated meetings of the Oommon Council or convoking " an extraordinary assembly," To it, as has been stated, appeal was directed to be made from the Curia Regis by Henry II., and it continued to exercise its judicial functions for upwards of three hundred years until in course of time it came to be superseded by the Court of Chancery, the people finding it more expeditious and satisfactory to address their petitions to the Chancellor direct, knowing that to that high oificer they would ultimately be referred. After the equitable jurisdiction of the Court of Chan- cery was established, the ancient Council by degrees became extinct in consequence of the greater part of its functions devolving upon the Chancellor. The modern Privy Council appears to have grown out of the Select Council about the reign of Richard the Second. The Court of Chancer^'. The OflSce of Chancellor was of very great antiquity and of paramount importance. The Chancellor was originally the King's Principal Secretary, and had the direction and conduct of all foreign affairs, performing most of the Imsiness which is now done by the Secretaries of State. He was usually a bishop or prelate, and was the head of the King's Chapel, and in the earlier periods of English history his Confessor. Hence he has been called the Keeper of the King's Conscience. He had the supervision of all charters, letters, and other public instruments, and the custody . of the Great Seal. He also supervised and sealed the writs and precepts that issued in proceedings pending in the King's Court and in the Exchequer, and acted together with the Justiciaries and other great officers in matters of revenue at the Exchequer and else- where. His rank in the Council was very high, and to him all petitions addressed to the King in Council were referred in the first instance to decide whether the cases were of sufficient importance for the King's interference, and if not, with the assistance of the other judicial officers, to give the required relief Tiie establishment of the Chancery as a Court of Justice seems to have taken place about the end of the reio-n of Richard I., when the business of the Curia Regis wa° sub-divided amongst the principal officers of that Court, and its jurisdiction rapidly became very extensive. INTRODUCTION. Until the commencement of the reign of Edward III, the Chancellor and other " wise men of the law " were always in attendance on the King to assist him with their advice in cases of difficulty and need. At that time, however, the Chancery ceased to follow tlie King and became stationary, and consequently the petitions addressed to the King in Council were sent to the Chancellor "in Cancel luria ; " and in the 22nd year of Edward III. a writ was addressed to the Chancellor investing him with full power to exercise jurisdiction in matters of grace and favour, and to this period may be traced the commencement of the Chancellor's indepen- dent jurisdiction in matters of equity. The jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery was of two kinds, ordinary and extraordinary. The ordinary jurisdiction was that wherein the Lord Chancellor, &c. in his proceedings and judgments was ' bound to observe the order and method of the Common Law, and the extraordinary jurisdiction was that which this Court exercised in matters of equity. The ordinary Court held plea of recognizances acknowledged in the Chancery, on writs of scire facias for repeal of letters patent, writs of [lartition, &o., and also of all personal actions by or against officers of the Court ; and all Original Writs, Commissions of bankruptcy, lunacy, idiotcy, charitable uses, and other Commissions issued out of this Court. The extraordinary Court, or Court of Equity, proceeded by the rules of equity and conscience, and moderated the riffour of the Couunon Law, considerincr the intention rather than the words of the law, " equity being the " correction of that wherein the law, by reason of its " universality, is deficient." A suit to the equity jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery was commenced by preferring a Bill (signed by Counsel) in the nature of a petition to the Lord Chan- cellor, Lord Keeper, or Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal. If the suit, however, was instituted on behalf of the Crown, or of those whose rights are under its protection, as the objects of a public charity, the matter of complaint was offered by way of an Information presented by the proper officer, usually the Attorney-General. Except in some few instances, bills and informations have been always in the English language ; and a suit thus preferred is therefore commonly termed a suit by English Bill, by way of distinction from the proceedings in suits within the ordinary jurisdiction of the Court, which. XI INTRODUCTION. tin the statute of 4 Geo. II., were entered and enrolled in the French or Latin tongue in the same manner as the pleadings in the other Courts of C imraon Law. The proceedings on the Common Law side of Chancery consist (if pleas on matters of record, viz. on Writs of " Scire Faciaa " for the repeal of the Letters Patent ; on Writs of partition of land in coparcenary and for dower ; upon recognizances acknowledged pursuant to statute merchant an 1 statute staple ; in traverses of oflSces found for the Crown by inquisition : and in matters of lunacy and idiotcy, &c. When any fact was disputed on a " Scire Facias," &c., and i-isjie was joined thereon, it was transmitted to the Court ef King's B^nch for trial, and finally adjudicated in that Court, and not afterwards returned into Cha.ncery except when a tenor of the proceedings was asked for by a Writ of Certiorari. None of the Records delivered by the Chancellor to the Chief Justice of the King's Bench were ever remanded back mto Chancer)' . It appears from a I'etition to Parliament in the second year of Menry IV. that when an issue of fact was joined on the Common La^v side of Chancery, the Chancellor, instead of sending the is^ue to be tried in the Court of King's Bench, was in the habit of calling the Common Law Judges into Chancery to assist him in tlie discussion of such issues, " to the great delay of the law and the damnge of the people ;" but the matter appears to have been left to the Chancellor's discretion. But few of these pleas arc now extant. The Principal Officers of the Court of Chancery, in addition to the Master of the Rolls and the Vice-Chan- cellors, were as follows: — The Masters in Chancery, to whom references were made relating to matters of practice, the state of the proceedings and accounts in Chancery suits, &c., whereof they made re[)Orts to the Court. They also executed the orders of the Court, and by their reports certified in what manner they had executed such orders. They had the custody of such title deeds and original instruments as the Court thought fit to place under their care. Answers and affidavits were also sworn before them, and they took the acknowledgments of deeds, recognizances.. &c. intended to be enrolled, and executed all business of that kind. Each Master executed the orders of reference made to him inde- pendently of the other Masters. Xll INTRODUCTION. The Six Oleeks ia Chancery, or " Prothonotaries," whose duty it was to receive and file all bills, answers, replications, and other records in causes on the equity side of the Court of Chancery, and to enter memoranda of them in books, from which they were to certify to the Court as occasion should require the state of the proceedings in the various causes. Each of the Six Clerks was assisted by a certain number of under clerks, or sworn clerks, of whom there were generally ten to each clerk, the whole number being known as the Sixty Clerks. All the Eecords in the Office of the Six Clerks remained in their respective studies for the space of six terms, in order that the sworn clerks might resort to them when necessary without fee. After that time they were sorted into bundles and deposited in the Kecord room. In addition to these duties the Six Clerks made out certain Warrants and Patents, such as Patents for Ambassadors, Sheriff's Patents, &c. The Six Clerks were abolished by Stat. 5 & 6 Vict., and their duties transferred to the Clerks of Records and Writs. The CuRSiTORS, called also Clerks of Course or Clerici de Cursu, made out all original writs and processes returnable in the Court of King's Bench and elsewhere. They were 24 in number, and were abolished by Stat. 5 &; 6 Wm. IV., and their duties transferred to the Petty Bag Office. The Clerks of Eecoeds and Writs w^ere ap- pointed by Stat. 5 & 6 Vict., 1842, to succeed to the duties and Records of the Six Clerks in Chancery. The Registrars. The duties of the Registrars were to attend the Court and take Minutes of all directions given, and to draw up the decrees, dismis- sions, and orders, which they entered in Registers. The " Report Office " was a branch of the Registrars' Office, and in it were received and filed all Reports and Certificates made by the Masters and the Accountant- General. To it on the first day of Michaelmas term in each year were transferred the Decrees and Orders of the previous year, and in the Report Office were kept the Entry Books of Decrees and Orders from the time of Henry VIII., inclusive. In the Report Office was also kept an account of all moneys, funds, and efiects belonging to the suitors of the Court, of which a similar account was kept at the Xlll INTRODUCTION. Bank of England, and another at the Accountant- General's Office. The Olbek op the Hanapee. The duties of the Clerk of the Hanaper were to get in the several ancient revenues of the Crown made payable to the Clerk of the Hana])er for the time being, and to pay thereout certain salaries and allowances to divers officers of the Court of Chancery by virtue of patents or of warrants under the authority of the Lord Chancellor, &c. Accounts of these receipts and payments were made up and passed annually before the Commissioners for auditing the public Accounta. It was also the duty of this Officer to take an account of all pfitents, commissions, and grants that pass the Great Seal, and to register the same in his office; to collect the ancient fees thereon, and to account for certain proportions to the King, and to divers officers of the Court of Chancery. The Hanaper Office was so called from the ancient practice of keeping the writs and returns relating to the business of the subject in a hamper, " in hanaperio," while those relating to such matters as immediately concerned the Crown were kept in a little sack or bag, in parvd bagd, whence the title of the Petty Bag Office. The Cleeks op the Petty Bag. These were originally three in number, and a great variety of business passed through their hands. They made out all Writs of Summons to Parliament, and the Writs of Cong^ d'dlire for the electing of Archbishops and Bishops, with the Royal Assents, Patents of Assistance and Restitution of Temporalities thereto belonging, and all patents for the appointment of Collectors of Customs, Searchers, and Tide waiters. They also made out all attachments of privilege, and drew up the declarations and pleadings for and against Officers of the Court of Chancery and other privileged persons, and also on traverses of escheats and lunacies. They drew up all proceedings on Writs of Scire facias, and other proceedings on recognizances and bonds enrolled in Chancery, and made out all re-extents and liberates on the Statute Staple. They made out all special Writs of Scire facias to remove letters patent ; Commissions to inquire of lands purchased by aliens, or given to superstitious uses, or derelict by the sea, and of all estates escheated or forfeited to the Crown for want of an heir, or by attainder, outlawry, or conviction of INTRODUCTION. treason or felcny ; and Writs of Certiorari for removing Acts of Parliament and other Records into Chancery, which were then filed in the Petty Bag Office for the information of the Court. They administered the oatiis to Solicitors and various officers of the Court of Chancery, and enrolled their ad- missions. They also enrolled Surrenders of Offices, and until the Stat. 5 feeWm. IV., the Specifications of patent inventions, and transacted a variety of other business. On the abolition of the Cursltors their duties were transferred to this office. By Stat. 11 & 12 Vict. c. 94. the Clerks of the Petty Bag were reduced to a single Clerk, and the office was finally abolished in 1889. The Cleek of the Custodies. It was the duty of this Officer to make out Commis.sions of idiotcy and lunacy, and to transact the business connected there- with. The office was abolished by Stat. 2 & 3 Wm. IV., and the duties transferred to the Secretary of Lunatics. The Clerk of the Presentations. This officer made out the Letters Patent for grants of all ecclesi- astical benefices and dignities (except bishoprics) in the gift of the Crown, of which he kept docket books, the grants being enrolled in the Patent Rolls. The Clerk of the Dispensations and Faculties. The duties of the Dispensation Office in Chancery were to make out and register confirmations of bishop's commendams, and of dispensations and doctors' degrees granted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and also to register Masters of Arts' degrees and notarial faculties granted by the Archbishop of Canterbury. These confirmations were then passed under the (xreat Seal and enrolled on Rolls called Dispensation Rolls. The Clerk op the Letters Patent. This officer was appointed by Letters Patent 16 Jas. I., and his duty was to write and dispatch all grants, confirmations, charters, and letters patent under the Great Seal, the writing whereof did not belong or had not been ah-eady granted to any other officer of the Court of Chancery. The office was abolished by Stat. 2 & 3 Wm. IV. The Cleek of the Crown. The duties of the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery were as follows: — To continually attend the Lord Chancellor in person or by deputy, to write and prepare for the Great Seal all Commissions for the King's service, viz., Commis- sions of Lieutenancy, of Justices of Assize, of Oyer XV INTRODUCTION. and Terminer, Gaol Delivery, and Commissions of the Peace, &c. He also made out all general and special pardons, writs for summoning Peers to Parliament on their creation or succession ; and writs for new members of the House of Commons on the occurrence of any vacancy. He received and filed the returns from the Sheriffs of the members of the House of Commons on their election, and certified the said returns to the House. He also received and filed the returns of the 16 Peers elected to represent Scotland, and certified the same to the House ; and on the first day of every Parliament he attended the House with the return book of the members of the new Parliament. He also claimed to administer the oaths to the Lord Chancellor, Master of the Rolls, &c., &c. The Examinees in Chanceey. These conducted the examination of all witnesses in Chancery suits who could be examined in London, and took their depositions in writing, which were called Town Depositions. The Cleek of Inrolments and otliers. The Court of King's Bench. Tliis Court was the remnant of the ancient Curia Resis or King's Court, which changed its title into that of Bancus Kegius or King's Bench about the end of the reign of Henry the Third. It was so called because the V King used formerly to sit in Court in person, the style of the Court being afterwards continued as coram ipso rege. During the reign of a Queen it was called the Queen's Bench, and during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell it was styled the Upper Bench. The Court of King's Bench consisted of a Chief Justice and three puisne Judges, formerly four or five. Although the King occasionally sat himself in this Court, and was always supposed to do so, he did not determine any cause or motion except by the mouth of his Judges, to whom he committed his whole judicial authority. This Court was not, nor could it, from its naiure and constitution, be fixed to> any certain place, but followed the King's person wherever he went, for which reason all process issuing out of it in the King's name was returnable " ubi- cunque fuerimus in Anglia," wheresoever we shall then be in England. It was, indeed, for some centuries past usually held at Westminster, being an ancient palace XVI INTRODUCTION. of the Crown, " but might remove with the King to York " or Exeter if he thought proper to command it." After the division of the Curia Regis, and the establish- ment of the Court of Common Pleas for the express pur- pose of determining civil suits, the Court of King's Bench exercised especial jurisdiction in all criminal matters and pleas of the Crown, leaving the judgment of private con- tracts and civil actions to the Common Pleas and other Courts. The more modern jurisdiction of the Court was very- high and transcendent, and it afterwards took cognizance of both criminal and civil causes ; the former in what was called the Crown side or Crown Office, the latter in the Plea side of the Court. On the Crown side it took cognizance of all criminal causes, from high treason down to the most trivial misdemeanour or breach of the peace. Into this Court also indictments from all inferior Courts might be re- moved by writ of certiorari and tried, either at bar or at nisi prius, by a Jury of the County out of which the indictment was brought. The Plea side or civil branch of this Court originally took cognizance of all actions of trespass or other injury alleged to be committed vi et armis ; of actions for forgery of deeds, maintenance, conspiracy, deceit, and actions on the case which allege any falsity or fraud ; and all actions which savour of a criminal nature although the action is brought for a civil remedy, or which make the defendant liable in strictness to pay a fine to the King as well as damages to the injured party. But the Court might hold plea of any civil action, provided the defendant was an officer of the Court or in the custody of the Mar shal of the Court for a breach of the peace or any other offence. And thus in process of time it began by a legal fiction to hold plea of all personal actions whatsoever, it being surmised that the defendant was arrested for a supposed trespass, which he had never in reality committed, and being thus in the custody of the Marshal of the Court, the plaintiff" was at liberty to proceed against him for any other personal injury. The principal Officers of the King's Bench were as follows : — On the Crown Side : The Clerk of the Ceown, or Clerk of the Crown Office, who framed and recorded all Indictments against offenders therein arraigned of any public crime ; he also taxed costs, nominated all Special Juries on the Crown XVll INTRODUCTION. Side, took recognizances and inquisitions on the death of any prisoner dying in the King's Bench Prison, &c. The Secondary, who drew up the paper books and made an estreat of all fines, &c. forfeited to the Crown. The Clerk op the Eules, the Examiner, the Calendar Keeper, and the Clerks in Court. On the Plea Side : The Chief Clerks. The Secondary, who signed all judgments, &c., and in whose office were filed all writs returned, &c. The CuSTOS Brevium, who filed all original writs and writs in Outlawry, and had several clerks under him for making up Kecords throughout England. The jDlerk of the Papers, who made up the Paper Books of " Special Pleas and Demurrers," &c. The Clerk of the Declarations. The Clerk of the Kules. The Clerk of the Bails and Postbas. The Clerk of the Errors. The Filacers, and others. The Court of Common Pleas. The Court of Common Pleas was originally a branch of the Curia Regis or King's Court, from which it was separated in the I7th year of King John by one of the clauses of Magna Oharta, which directed that the Common Pleas should no longer follow the King, but should be held in a certain place, to wit, in Westminster Hall; and after that period all the writs ran " quod sit coram justi- ciariis meis apud Westmonasterium," whereas before that the party was required by them to appear " coram me et justiciariis meis," without any addition of place. The jurisdiction of the Court of Common Pleas was general, and extended itself throughout England. It held plea of all civil causes at Common Law, between subject and subject, in actions real, personal, and mixed ; but had no cognizance of pleas of the Crown. The authority of the Court was founded on original writs issuing out of Chancery, which writs were the King's mandates for the Court to proceed in the determination of the causes mentioned therein. The reason of the original writs issuing out of Chancery was that when the Courts were united, as was formerly the case, the Chancellor held the seal, and when they were divided he, still retaining possession of the seal, continued to seal all original writs. U 55672. b XVIU INTRODUCTION. There were four Judges of the Court of Common Pleas, who were created by Letters Patent. The principal officers of the Court were as follows : — The Gustos Bkbvium, whose duty it was to receive aad keep all writs returnable therein, and also all records of Nisi Prius, which were delivered to him by the Clerks of the Assize of every circuit, &c. The rolls were filed together by him, and carried into the Treasury of the Records. He also made the copies and exemplifications of all records and writs, &c. The three Pkothonotaeies, whose duties were to enter and enrol all declarations, pleadings, judgments, &c., and to make out all judicial writs of execution, writs of privilege, &c. The Secondaeibs, or assistants to the Prothonotaries, who took the minutes and drew up all orders and rules of Court. The FiLAZEES, who made out all writs and process, such as capias, alias, pluries, &c. between the original writ and the declaration, and also all writs of view, &c. The ExiGENTEKS, whose duty it was to make out all writs of exigent and proclamations in actions of out- lawry. The writ of exigent or Exigi facias was so called because it exacted the appearance of the party against whom it was issued within certain days of procla- mation, under pain of outlawry. The Clekk of the Waeeants, who entered all warrants of attorney, enrolled deeds of bargain and sale, and estreated all issues. The Cleek op the Essoins, who kept the roll in which were entered all essoins or excuses for non-appear- ance in Court by reason of sickness or other just cause of absence. The Clekk op the Jueies, who made out all writs of " habeas corpora juratorum," to compel the appearance of juries, &c. The Cleek op the Teeasuey, who kept the Eecords of the Court and made copies and exemplifications of issues, judgments, &c. The Cleek op the Seals, who sealed all writs and mesne process, &c. The Clekk op the Outlawries, who made out all writs of " capias utlagatum " &c. The Cleek op the Eeroks, whose duty it was to allow writs of error returnable in the King's Bench upon proceedings in the Common Pleas, to enter all the proceedings on writs of error, and to make the XIX INTRODUCTION. transcript of the judgment roll where required, and carry it to the proper officer of the King's Bench. The Clerk op Ineolments op Fines and Reco- veries, who returned all writs of entry and seisin, writs of covenant, &c., and enrolled and exemplified fines and recoveries. The Clerk op the King's Silver, who received all the fre and ■post fines on alienation of lands and entered an extract of the Fines, with the sums paid thereon, in books called King's Silver Books. The Chirographer, whose duty it was to engross all fines and to deliver the several indentures to the parties, &c. The Court of Exchequer. The Court of Exchequer, or " Scaccarium Regis," was an ancient Court of Record wherein all cases touching the rights and revenues of the Crown were heard and deter- mined, and where the revenues of the Crown were received. It was called the Exchequer {Fr. " Eschequier," Lot. " Scaccarium ") from the chequered cloth resembling a chess-board, which covered the table there, and on which, when certain of the King's accounts were made up, the sums were marked or scored with counters. It consisted of two branches : the Administrative portion, which managed the Royal Revenue, and was subdivided into an Exchequer of Account and an Exchequer of Receipt, and the Court or Judicial part of the Exchequer, which was again subdivided into a Court of Equity and a Court of Common Law. The Exchequer of Account consisted of the Queen's Remembrancer's Department, the Lord Treasurer's Re- membrancer's Department (including the Pipe Office), and the Land Revenue Department, to which were sub- sequently added the Augmentation Office and the First Fruits and Tenths' Department ; the Exchequer of Receipt comprising the Offices of the Auditors, the Clerk of the Pells, &c., and the Treasury of the Receipt. The primary and original business of the Court of Exchequer was to call the King's Debtors to account, by bill filed by the Attorney -General ; and to recover any lands, tenements, or hereditaments, any goods, chattels, or other profits or benefits belonging to the Crown. Thus by their original constitution the jurisdiction of the Courts of Common Pleas, King's Bench, and Ex- b 2 XX INTRODUCTION. chequer was entirely separate and distinct ; the Common Pleas being intended to decide all controversies between subject and subject ; the King's Bench to correct all crimes and misdemeanours that amounted to a breach of the King's peace or an infringement of the Royal Pre- rogative ; and the Exchequer to adjust and recover the King's revenue. The Court of Exchequer was, however, inferior in rank not only to the Court of King's Bench but to the Common Pleas also. The Court of Equity was held in the Exchequer Chamber, before the Lord Treasurer, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Chief Baron, and three puisne Barons. In this Com-t the clergy for a long time used to exhibit their bills for the nonpayment of tithes, they being in point of fact the King's debtors, but in later years a large share of this business was transferred to the Chancery. On the Equity side of the Exchequer the proceedings were by English bill and answer, as in the Court of Chan- ceiy, in matters concerning the King the bills being brought by the Attorney-General, and called Infor- mations. The Equity jurisdiction of the Court of Ex- chequer was abolished in 1841 and transferred to the Court of Chancery. As by a fiction almost all sorts of civil actions were at a later period allowed to be brought in the King's Bench, in like manner, by another fiction, all kinds of personal actions might be prosecuted in the Court of Exchequer, and this gave origin to the Common Law side of its jurisdiction, which existed originally merely for the benefit of the King's Accountants, and was exercised by the Barons only, and not by the Treasurer or the Chancellor. The writ upon which all proceedings on this side were grounded was called a quo minus : in which the plaintiff" suggested that he was the King's farmer or debtor, and that the defendant had done him the injury or damage complained of : quo minus sufficiens existit {by which he is the less able) to pay the King his debt or rent. This surmise of being the King's debtor, however, became eventually a mere matter of form, and the Court was open to all the nation equally ; and the same holds good with regard to the Equity side of the Court, for there any person might file a bill against another on the bare suggestion that he was the King's accomptant. The Court of Exchequer was generally held at West- minster as the usual place of the King's residence, but it has occasionally been held elsewhere at the King's pleasure ; as at Winchester, &c. XXI INTRODUCTION. The Exchequer, as stated by Coke in his 4th Institute, has been reckoned to consist of seven Oourtp, viz. : The Court of Pleas; The Court of Accounts ; The Court of Eeceipts ; The Court of Exchequer-Chamber (being the assembly of all the judges of England for difficult matters of law) ; The Court of Exchequer-Chamber (for Errors in the Exchequer). Do. (for Errors in the King's Bench). The Court of Equity in the Exchequer-Chamber. The principal officers of the Court of Exchequer were as follows : — The Lord Tkeasueee. The Chancellor and Under- Tkeasueee, who had the custody of the Seal of the Court. The Chambeelains, who had the k<;ys of the Treasury in which the Kecords were kept, including the Domesday Book, &c. The King's Eemembeancer, who had the custody of all manner of informations on penal statutes and entered the rules and orders made thereon. He also called to account all the great Accountants of the Crown, the Collectors of Customs, &c., and made out all writs of privilege and entered judgments of pleas. He also had the custody of all proceedings on English BiUs. The Lord Teeasueee's Eemembeancee, who made out all the Estreats and took an account of all debts of the Sheriffs, and passed their " Foreign Accounts," &c. He also issued out Writs and Process in many cases. The Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer's office may be properly said to be the office of the Court of Ex- chequer, wherein the rendering of the duties of the Crown to which the subject may be liable was to be enforced at once by proceedings in the nature of final process ; whilst on the other hand the office of the King's Remembrancer may be appropriately described as that in which the King's debts were recoverable. Under the words duties are comprehended all things due to the King as rents, fines, issues, amerciaments, &c. which were received or levied by the Sheriffs, while the King's debts, to the matters concerning which the King's Remembrancer's office was exclusively dedicated, may be taken to mean all such occasional debts as were INTRODUCTION. not yet reduced to duties and put upon the Roll of the Pipe. The King's Eemembrancer also had the survey and prosecution of all such acts to the injury of the Crown or the public as might be considered in the nature of torts or trespasses. The Compteollee or the Pipe and the Cleek OF THE Pipe, through whose office all accounts and debts due to the King were conveyed, " as water through a pipe." The Cleek of the Esteeats, who received the estreats from the office of the Lord Treasurer's Re- membrancer and copied them out on the Estreat Rolls. The FoEEiGN Apposee, who apposed, or made a charge on all sheriffs, &c. of their "green wax," {i.e., of the fines, issues, amerciaments, recognizances, &c. certified in estreats annexed to the writ under the seal of green wax), and delivered the same to the Clerk of the Estreats to be put in process. The three Auditors (of Receipt, Impeest, and Land Revenue), who received and audited the accounts of the King's Receivers, Collectors, &c. The Tellees, whose business it was to receive and pay all sums of money. The Cleek of the Pells, so called froml^^his parch- ment rolls or " Pelles Receptorum." The Cleek of the Nihils, who made a separate roll of such sums as the sheriff upon process returned " Nihil," &c. The Cleek of the Pleas, in whose office all officers and privileged persons were to sue and be sued. The Cleek of the Summons, the Cleek of the Hanapee, the Secondaeies of the two Remem- brancers, &c., &c. The "CouET OP THE Augmentations of the Revenues of the Ceown," established by Henry VIII., with which the " Couet OF the Geneeal Suevetoes of the King's Lands " was subsequently incorporated, was finally dissolved by Statute 1 Mary, Sess. 2, c. 10., and annexed to the Court of Exchequer by Letters Patent of the same year. The Records of this Court, or rather of the " Augmentation Office " in the Exchequer, form a very considerable and important branch of the Exchequer Records, and are fully described in the present volume, under the several titles of " Crown xxiu INTRODUCTION. Lands and Eents," "Ministers' and Receivers' Ac- counts," and "Monastic Foundations, &c." The con- stitution and functions of the Court are described in the article relating to "Ministers' and Eeceivers' Accounts." The "Court of Fiest Fruits and Tenths," also erected by Henry VIII., for the regulation of the Ecclesiastical Eevenues to which he became entitled on throwing off the Papal Supremacy, was dissolved by Letters Patent of 1 Mary and united to the Court of Exchequer. First Fruits were abolished by Statute 2 & 3 Philip and Mary, c. 4., but revived by Statute 1 Elizabeth, and again put under the survey of the Court of Exchequer. The Records of the First Fruits' AND Tenths' Office in the Exchequer are fully described in the present volume, under the title " Ecclesiastical Matters." SPECIAL AND ABOLISHED JURISDICTIONS. High Court of Admiralty. The Court of Admiralty is stated to have been estab- lished in the reign of Edward III., although the Lord High Admiral exercised jurisdiction in all maritime affairs from a much earlier period. The office of Admiral is now executed by Commissioners, who, by Statute 2 Will, and Mary, c. 2., are declared to have the same authorities, jurisdictions, and powers as the Lord High Admiral. The Cinque Ports are, however, exempt from the Admiralty of England, their jurisdiction being vested in the Warden of the said ports. The High Court of Admiralty, though not a Court of Record, had jurisdiction where the Common Law could give no remedy, and took cognizance of all maritime causes or causes arising wholly upon the sea. This Court was sub-divided into an Instance Court, a Prize Court, and a Court of Appeal for Prizes. In the Instance Court proceedings were taken in suits relating to seamen's wages, damage to ships, salvage and droits, and in cases of piracy ; warrants being issued therefrom, on due cause being shown, for the arrest of ships and cargoes, and occasionally of masters and owners. In the Prize Court, and in the Court of Appeal for Prizes, were decided all cases arising out of prizes taken XXIV INTRODUCTION. from an enemy in time of war, in pursuance of the Prize Acts usually passed at the commencement of a war, the provisions of which varied from time to time. In the Prize Court were also kept Kegisters of all Letters of Marque and Reprisal. There were also Vice-Admiralty Courts in the foreign dominions of the Crown, from which (except in the case of prizes) appeals were made to the High Court of Admiralty, and also to the King in Council. The appellate jurisdiction from the Instance Court of Admiralty was vested in the High Court of Delegates. Court of Arches. The Court of Arches (Curia de Arcubus), so called from the church in which it was formerly held, St. Mary le B0W3 or de arcubus, is a Court of Appeal in ecclesiastical causes from the courts of the several Bishops or Ordinaries within the Province of Canterbury, and its jurisdiction extends to all causes or suits relating to wills, intestacies, tithes, church rates, marriages, and other matters cognizable in these Courts. There are a few proceedings in the Court of Arches of early dates to be found amongst the Miscellanea of the Exchequer. Court of Chivalry. The Court of Chivalry, Court Military, or Earl Marshal's Court, which was established by Edward I., was a military court and court of honour formerly held before the Lord High Constable and the Earl Marshal of England. When held before the Earl Marshal only, it was a military court or court of honour simply, but when before the Lord High Constable, jointly with the Earl Marshal, it was also a criminal court. Since the extinction of the office of Lord High Constable, by the attainder of the Duke of Buckingham in the reign of Henry VIII., it has been usually held before the Earl Marshal only in civil causes. The jurisdiction of this Com-t is declared by Statute 13 Rich. II. c. 2., to be "to take cognizance of contracts " touching deeds of arms or of war out of the realm, and also " of things which touch war within the realm which cannot " be discussed by the Common Law ; together with other " usages and customs to the same matters appertaining." XXV INTRODUCTION. It also gave relief to such of the nobility and gentry as felt themselves aggrieved in matters of honour, and corrected encroachments in matters of coat-armour, pre- cedency, and other distinctions of families. The proceedings in the Court are stated to have been by petition in a summary way, and the trial not by a jury but by witnesses or by combat. A jury, however, appears to have been impannelled in criminal cases, as appears from the " Placita Exercitus Regis " of 24 Edward I. The last proceedings in this Court were in the year 1631, and are printed in Rushworth's collections. An attempt, however, to revive the Earl Marshal's Court was made in the reign of Queen Anne, in the case of Blunt, which is reported. The marshalling of coat armour is now in the hands of the Heralds, who were formerly attendants upon this Court. High Court of Delegates. The Court of Delegates was established by Henry VIII. in the 25th year of his reign in order to supersede the Papal jurisdiction in appeals from the Ecclesiastical Courts. It took cognizance of questions of marriage and legitimacy, and of disputes relatint^ to the payment of tithes, fees, obventions, &c., and also of offences against morals and good behaviour, of which the business of the Consistorial Courts chiefly consisted. In every case of appeal to this Court a Special Commis- sion under the Great Seal was issued out of the Court of Chancery, directed to such person?, called Judices Delegati, as the Lord Cliancellor for the time being should see fit to appoint to hear and determine the same. The Court of Delegates exercised an appellate jurisdic- tion not only from all the Ecclesiastical Courts but also from the Instance Court of the Hiwh Court of Admiralty. This Court was abolished in 1823, and the Processes or Records of the Proceedings were subsequently trans- ferred from the Registrar of the High Court of Admiralty, in whose custody they had previously been, to the Public Record Office. INTRODUCTION. Court of High Commission in Ecclesiastical Causes. This Coiirt was erected and united to the regal power by virtue of the Statute 1 Eliz. c. 1., instead of a large jurisdiction which had previously been exercised under the Pope's authority. " It was intended " to vindicate " the dignity and peace of the Church by reforming, " ordering, and correcting the ecclesiastical state and " persons, and all manner of heresies, schisms, abuses, " offences, contempts, and enormities." Under the shelter of these very general words means were found to vest in the High Commissioners extra- ordinary and almost despotic powers of fining and imprisoning, which they exercised much beyond the degree of the offence itself, and frequently over offences by no means of spiritual cognizance. In consequence of these abuses this Court was justly abolished by Statute 16/ Car. I. c. 2. The Minute Books of the Court of High Commission exist in the Series of Domestic State Papers. Marshalsea and Palace Courts. The Marshalsea Court, or Court of the Marshalsea of the King's Household, was originally instituted for the purpose of administering justice between the King's domestic servants. It was presided over by the Lord Steward and the Earl Marsha], and was at first held in the Aula Regis. Even- tually it became a distinct jurisdiction, holding pleas of all trespasses committed within the verge of the Court (12 miles round the royal residence). The Marshalsea Court was gradually superseded by the erection in the sixth year of Charles I. of a new Court called the " Curia Palatii," or Palace Court, with jurisdic- tion in aU manner of personal actions within 12 miles of the Palace of Whitehall, but not extending into the City of London. The latter Court, together with the ancient Court of Marshalsea, was afterwards held in King Street, in the borough of Southwark, from whence they were removed to Scotland Yard, Westminster. Both the Courts were finally abolished by Statute 12 & 13 Vict., and the Eecords directed to be placed under the custody of the Master of the Rolls. XXVll INTRODUCTION. Peveril Court. The Court of the Honor of Peveril, which extended into sevei-al counties, was of great antiquity, and seems to have comprised both a Tourn and a View of Frankpledge, the former, which was holden twice a year at Nottingham, having jurisdiction to hear and determine all felonies (death of man excepted) and common nuisances. The latter, which met once in every three weeks, had jurisdiction over those matters which were exempt from the Tourn. The Bailiwick of the Honor of Peveril was granted in 11 Edward III. to William Eland and his heirs for ever, in whose family it remained until the reign of Henry VIII., when it was,alienated by the then heir to Ilenry Willoughby, together with all profits and charges, and all Records, Evidences, Court Rolls, and Writings concerning and belonging to the said office. In 1607 the office of High Steward of the Honor of Peveril, &c., and the keeping of all Courts within the said Honor, was granted by James I, to Sir George and Sir Edward Goring, and, although this lease was disputed by Sir Percival Willoughby, to whom the estate had descended, the Gorings obtained a Decree against him in the Court of Exchequer, by which the lease was confirmed. In 1672 the office was granted by Charles II. to the Marquis of Worcester and his two sons for the term of their lives, the limits of the Court being then further extended, and a Court of Record appointed to be held every Tuesday, in which should be heard and determined all pleas of debts, trespass, &c., and all personal actions arising within the Honor aforesad, in which the debts, damages, &c. did not exceed the sum of 50?. On the death of the last survivor of the three grantees above mentioned, the family of Willoughby once more obtained a grant of the said Stewardship, and in their hands it remained till the Peveril Court was abolished by Statute 12 & 13 Vict. c. 101. The Records of this Court commence about the year 1682. Court of Requests. This, sometimes called the " Court of Conscience," was an equity court for poor men's causes, established in the ninth year of Henry the Seventh, the president of the Court being the Lord Privy Seal, who was assisted by the Masters of Requests as the ordinary judges. Originally, this court was intended for the suits of poor men only, which were made to the King by way of supplication, and upon which they were entitled to have right without the xxvin INTRODUCTION. payment of money ; but before its dissolution it took cog- nizance of almost, all suits that by colour of equity or supplication to the Prince could be brought before him. An order was made in Chancery, dated 30 November 1588, referring all poor persons seeking relief in that Court to the Court of Requests, aud further ordinances in 1618-19 refer all plaintiffs suing m formd pauperis to that Court. Sir Eichard Fanshawe, one of the Masters of the Court, is stated to have asserted it to be the right of his office to receive all petitions to the King, in opposition to the Secretary of State, and that such was the practice in the reign of Charles I., but his claim to do so was disallowed. The Court was virtually abolished by Statute 16 Car. I. c. 10 ; but the office of Master of the Requests continued during the following reign, the last of such appointments bearing date 12 March, 32 Car. II. The Records of this Court were removed froui the Palace at Westminster to the Chapter House in 1732, and finally from thence to the Public Record Office. Court of Star Chamber, The Court of Star Chamber, which took its name from the Camera Stellata, the " Starred Chamber," or Council Chamber of the King's Palace at Westminster, in which it was hekl, had its origin in the Concilium Regis or Select Council, for which it was at first but another name. By the Statutes of 3 Hen. VII. c. 1. and 21 Hen. VIII. c. 20., the jurisdiction of the Council, or of a part of the Council, was, however, directed to a particular class of oiFences, such as riots and unlawful assemblies, the mis- demeanour of sheriffs in the returns and panels of juries, the giving of liveries, signs and tokens, and unlawful main- tenances ; and this jurisdiction came to be recognised as the peculiar function of the Court of Star Chamber. During the reign of Hen. VIII. the action of the Court appears to have been by no means oppressive, but rather to have " provided security for the humbler members of the " community against oppression by their richer or more " powerful neighbours " ; this was, however, afterwards, as stated by Clarendon, stretched "to the asserting of all " proclamations and orders of state ; to the vindicating of " illegal commissions and grants of monopolies ; holding " for honourable that which pleased, and for just that " which profited, and becoming both a Court of Law to " determine civil rights, and a court of revenue to enrich " the Treasury, the Council table by proclamations en- XXIX INTRODUCTION. ' joining to the people that which was not enjoined by the lawa, and prohibiting that which was not prohibited, and the Star Chamber, which consisted of the same persons in different rooms, censuring the breach and disobedience to those proclamations by very great fines, imprisonments, and corporal severities; so that any dis- respect to any acts of state, or to the persons of states- men, was in no time more penal and the foundations of right never more in danger to be destroyed." These abuses led to the final abolition of the Court by Statute 16 Car. 1. c. 10. The Kecords of this Court consist of Bills, Answers, Depositions, and other proceedings of great historical and genealogicar interest. The Decrees and Orders of the Court are, however, unfortunately no longer extant. Court of Wards and Liveries. The Court of Wards was instituted by Statute 32 Hen. VIII. c. 46., to superintend and regulate inquiries upon the death of the King's tenants in capite as to the lands of whicb they died seised, and the name and age of the next heir, &c., in order that the royal claims to the marriage, wardship, relief, primer seisin, and other advantages might be duly enforced, and to take account of the sums received by way of Fines, Compositions, Sales of Wardships, or otherwise. The oiEce of Liveries was united to this Court by Statute 33 Hen. VIII. c. 22. The judicial Records of the Court consist of original Bills, Answers, and Depositions relating to matters within the jurisdiction of the Court, and of Books of Affidavits, Decrees, Orders, and other Proceedings. The Accounts, Inquisitions, Surveys, Grants and Sales of Wardships, Leases, and other documents relating to the general business of the Court, are referred to in the present volume, under the head of " Wards and Minors." The Court of Wards and Liveries was finally abolished by Statute 12 Car. II. c. 24. RECORDS OF THE DUCHY OP LANCASTER, The important and valuable private muniments belonging to the Duchy of Lancaster were, by the munificence of Her Majesty, presented to the nation in 1868. These are entirely distinct from the Records of the County Palatine, which, although public, are purely local, whilst the Duchy Records, though private, concern the government and XXX INTRODUCTION. jurisdiction of the entire dominion of the Duchy, and embrace the County Palatine as a subordinate regality. The ancient possessions of the Duchy of Lancaster comprise the Honor and County of Lancaster (the Honor extending into the Counties of Lancaster, Norfolk, Suffolk, Lincoln, Nottingham, Leicester, Derby, York, Rutland, and Stafford), the Honors of Leicester and Derby, Bolingbroke, Pickering, Pontefract, Tickhili, Halton, and several others, with various important possessions annexed to it by Acts of the Legislature at various times, as the Honors of Clare and Mandeville, together with the vast posses- sions of the Earldoms of Hereford and Essex. Nearly every county in England and Wales is in fact repre- sented as contributing to form part of the territories, and as being to some extent under the jurisdiction of the Duchy of Lancaster, — the Earls, and subsequently the Dukes, of Lancaster, enjoying by grants from the Crown such Jura regalia and prerogative rights within their possessions as were communicable to a subject. The County of Lancaster was elevated by Edward III. in 1351 into a Palatinate, with its own Courts of Judicature, as a Court of Chancery, an Exchequer, and Courts of Common Law, but the Records of these Courts relate to the County of Lancaster only, and are quite distinct from those of the Duchy. The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster had, however, a special jurisdiction in all matters of equity relating to lands held of the King in right of the Duchy, his Court, which was held in Westminster Hall, being known as the Court of the Duchy Chamber of Lancaster. An Inventory of the Records of the Duchy of Lancaster, together with a sketch of the history of the Duchy and of the Palatinate, is printed in the Deputy Keeper's 30th Report. In addition to the Pleadings and other judicial Records of the Court of the Duchy Chamber, the Duchy Records comprise a large collection of Charters and Grants, Ancient Deeds, Leases, Ministers' and Receivers' Accounts, Surveys and Rentals, and other documents analogous to those of the Superior Courts at Westminster, which are described in the following pages, under the titles indicated. See also the Indexes to the Duchy of Lancaster Records described under the title of " Ayloffe's Calendars." RECORDS OF THE PALATINATE OP DURHAM. The Palatinate of Durham has existed from time immemorial by prescriptive right, and, until the year 1836, was vested in the Bishop of Durham for the time being. Within the limits of his diocese the Bishop exercised, conjointly with his ecclesiastical functions, all the temporal rights which belong to a lord palatine. " He bad his Courts of Chancery, Common Pleas, and Exchequer" XXXI INTRODUCTION. " possessing the same powers in the Palatinate as the Sovereign's " courts had in other parts of the Realm. He bad power to levy " taxes for the defence and service of the Palatinate, to make " truce with his enemies, to raise troops and impress ships in " time of war. He sat in judgment of life and death, and could " inflict capital punishment. He had power to create Palatinate " barons, to summon them to his councils, and to confiscate their " lands in case of treason. He possessed all manner of royal " jurisdictions and rights; could coin money, grant licences to " erect castles, build churches, found charities and hospitals, " create corporations, and grant markets and fairs. Every source " of profit and every post of honour or service waa at his disposal, " with which the Sovereign could not interfere, nor were royal " writs allowed to' run in the Palatinate without the Bishop's " sanction." These extensive liberties and rights were severed from the Bishopric in 1836 and settled by Act of Parliament on the then sovereign and his successors. The Records of the Palatinate of Durham, with the exception of a few of modern date, which were left behind to facilitate the transaction of current business, were removed to London and placed in the Public Record Office, pursuant to a warrant of the Master of the Rolls, dated 17 November 1868. They consist of five Divisions : — (1.) The Prothonotary's Records, comprising the Judicial Proceedings of the Court of Pleas at Durham, (2.) The Clerk of the Crown's Records, which consist of the Indictments, Depositions, and other proceedings at Assizes. (3.) The Cursitor's Records, comprising the Chancery En- rolments of the Bishopric, the Inquisitions post mortem. Registers, &c., and the Halmote Books or Records of the Halmote Courts, which were formerly held pursuant to the Bishop's Commission to receive surrenders of copyhold lands, and to admit such persons as had right thereto, according to the custom ; to assess and settle all such fines and amerce- ments as arose within the said Courts, and to hear and determine all suits, complaints, debates, contentions, &c. between party and party which arose within the said County or elsewhere within the County Palatine of Durham. These Books are further described in the present volume under the head of " Court Rolls." (4.) The Registrar's Records, consisting of the Bills, Answers, and other proceedings in the Court of Chancery at Durham. (5.) The Auditor's Records, consisting of the Receiver's Rolls, Rentals, and counterparts of Leases relating to the estates of the Bishopric. XXXll INTRODUCTION. The latter, being claimed by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners as their private muniments, and necessary for the management of the estates placed under their control by Act of Parliament, were, with the exception of a bundle of ancient SherifEs' Ac- counts and other documents of a miscellaneous nature, re-trans- ferred to their custody in 1876. A detailed Inventory of the Eecords of the Palatinate of Dur- ham is printed in the Deputy Keeper's 30th Report. The earliest of these Records, the Register of Bishop Kellawe, relating to the affairs of the Palatinate between the years 1311- 1316, has been printed in the series of "Chronicles and Me- morials, &c.," of which it occupies four volumes. In the present volume the Records have been classified as " Chancery Enrolments," " Court Rolls," " Fines and Recoveries," "Inquisitions post mortem, &c.," "Judicial Proceedings," and " Survevs and Rentals." RECORDS OP THE PALATINATE OP LANCASTER. The County of Lancaster was erected into a Palatinate by Edward the Third in the year 1351, when he created Henry Earl of Lancaster Duke of Lancaster, and granted to him, for the term of his life. Palatinate rights within the said county. By this charter power was given him to have his Court of Chancery, and to appoint Justices to hold Pleas of the Crown and other Pleas touching the Common Law, with all other liberties and "jura regalia" pertaining to a County Palatine. On his death, in 1361, the Palatinate was extinguished for about 16 years, but in 1377 it was revived in the person of John of Gaunt, who had married the sole surviving heiress of the first Duke of Lancaster, and who had conferred upon him for life "jura regalia" within the County Palatine, co-extensive with those of the King elsewhere. By the Acts of 1 Hen. IV. and 2 Hen. V. these "jura regalia " were extended to all the possessions which had been annexed to the Duchy. Under the term " Jura Regalia " the Duke of Lancaster had the exclusive administration of justice by his courts of equity and common law in the Duchy and Palatinate of Lancaster. These courts (closely analogous in their construction and practice to the King's superior courts) consist of a Court of Chancery a Court of Common Pleas for the decision of civil suits, and a Court of Criminal Jurisdiction. By the operation of the Judicature Act of 36 & 37 Vict, the jurisdiction of the Court of Common Pleas at Lancaster has been transferred to the High Court of Justice. The Court of XXXIU INTRODUCTION. Criminal Jurisdiction in no way differs from that of the ordinary courts. The Records of these courts were, until their removal to London, in the charge of three several persons in Lancashire, and, except a few of modern date which had been removed to Preston for the convenience of the current business, were pre- served in Lancaster Castle. The Clerk of the Crown had the custody of the criminal pro- ceedings of the Palatinate, the Prothonotary had charge of the Records of the Court of Common Pleas at Lancaster, whilst the Records of the Chancery of the County Palatine were in the custody of the Registrar of that Court. A detailed Inventory of the Records of the Palatinate of Lancaster, which, 'with the exception of a very few Chancery Enrolments, consist almost entirely of Judicial Proceedings, is printed in the Appendix to the Deputy Keeper's 35th Report- RECORDS OP THE PRINCIPALITY OP WALES AND OP THE PALATINATE OP CHESTER. The Records of the Principality of Wales (with the exception of those of the Palatinate of Chester, which are of much earlier origin), may be said to date, with few exceptions, from the estab- lishment of the Courts of Great Sessions of Wales by the Statute of 34 & 35 Henry VIIL Assizes appear to have been held in Wales in the reign of Ed- ward L, the Statutum Wallise of 12 Edward I. containing the form of the Patent appointing Justices of Assize for Wales, which, by the same Statute, was divided into seven counties, viz.. Snow- don, Anglesey, Caernarvon, Merioneth, Flint, Carmarthen, and Oardio-an, — Sheriffs and Coroners being also directed to be ap- pointed for those counties. Of these counties Anglesey, Car- narvon, and Merioneth were generally known as North IVales, Carmarthen (to which Pembroke was afterwards joined) as South Wales, and Cardigan as West Wales. There are a few Welsh Assize Rolls amongst the Records of the Queen's Bench, and a great number of Accounts of the Chamber- lains, Sheriffs, Ministers and Receivers, and other Officers of the Welsh Counties amongst the Records of the Court of Exchequer. By the Statute of 34 & 35 Hen. VIII., Wales was divided into 12 counties, eight of which, viz., Anglesey, Carnarvon, Car- marthen, Cardigan, Flint, Glamorgan, M^erioneth, and Pembroke were of ancient origin ; whilst Brecknock, Radnor, Denbigh, and Montgomery had been recently made by Stat. 27 Hen. VIII. By the said Statute of 34 & 35 Hen. VIII. sessions were directed to be held twice every year in each of the said counties, U 55672. c XXXIV INTRODUCTION. to be called the Great Sessions of Wales, which, although similar sessions may have been held previously, were finally established by that Statute. i j- -j j By the same Act the counties of "Wales were_ sub-divided into four circuits, for each of which original and judicial seals were directed to be provided. These were : — (1.) The Chester Circuit, including the counties of Cheshire, P'lint, Denbigh, and Montgomery. (2.) The North Wales Circuit, comprising Anglesey, Carnarvon, and Merioneth. (3.) The Brecknock Circuit, consisting of Brecknock, Eadnor, and Glamorgan. (4.) The Carmarthen Circuit, consisting of Carmar- then, Pembroke, and Cardigan, with the Town of Haverford- I west. The several proceedings at the Courts of Great Sessions are described in the present volume, under the heads of "Judicial Proceedings " and " Fines and Eecoveries " respectively. The Records of the County Palatine of Cliester (which included the County of Flint, that county having from its first conquest been annexed to the Palatinate of Chester for its civil and criminal jurisdiction), although classified amongst the Welsh Records, with which they were in 1854 transferred to the Public Record Office, are of a much more ancient and varied character, the Chamber- lain of Chester having had equitable jurisdiction in the Exchequer of Chester from the first existence of the County Palatine, which dates from the reign of Henry III. The constitution of this Court was somewhat peculiar, and is fully described in Mr. Black's able Report on the Records of Wales and Chester, printed in the Deputy Keeper's First Report. It is therein stated that ttie Exchequer of Chester was coeval with the existence of the County Palatine, and though principally a Court of Revenue, was probably a Court of Justice also, before that of the Justiciary was established. Hence, not only we're all accounts rendered into it, and process issued thence against the King's debtors within the Hmits of its jm-isdiction, but it was the Chancery Court of the Palatinate, and had an exclusive jurisdiction in Equity as fully as Ihe Chancery of England. It possessed also a jurisdiction at Common Law in matters of debt, even for small sums, in the nature of a Court of Conscience, and had a peculiar practice of granting writs of protection to poor debtors. The chief officer of this Court was the Chamberlain of Chester, who had all the powers of a Chancellor, and exercised his judicial functions by a deputy, called the Vice-Chamberlain. There was also a Baron of the Exchequer, whose business resembled that of a Master in Chancery ; but, by the constitution of the Court, the custody of the Records was vested in a third XXXV INTRODUCTION. officer, called the " Seal Keeper," whose duty it was to have the custody of the Seal of the County Palatine and to seal all writs and processes issuing out of the Baron's office. The principal Records of the Palatinate of Cheater consist of the Chancery Enrolments or " Recognizance Rolls," of Chamber- lains' and Ministers' Accounts, Forest Rolls, Court Rolls, and Inquisitions ; and of the Rolls of Justices in Eyre, or Assize Rolls, Indictment Rolls, Plea Rolls, Fines and Recoveries, and other Judicial Proceedings, all of which are described in the jjresent volume under the titles of the several classes to which they respectively belong. RECORDS OF THE STATE PAPER OFFICE. During the Norman and Plantagenet periods the affairs of the State in England were managed by the King's Council, in which the Lord Chancellor exercised the functions of a modern Secretary of State. To him was entrusted the supervision of all Letters, Charters, and other public documents which required the authen- tication of the Great Seal, and it became the duty of the Protho- notary of the Chancery to draw up, pass under the Great Seal, and enrol all Treaties, Leagues, Ratifications, and other Instru- ments which passed between the Sovereign of this country and other Sovereigns and States, and also all Commissions, Powers, and Orders to Ambassadors, and other documents of a diplomatic nature. It is therefore to the Patent and Close Rolls, the Treaty Rolls, and other Chancery Enrolments that we must look for the record of State documents prior to the reign of Henry VII I. Many of the documents from which the enrolments were made, and also much correspondence which does not appear to have been enrolled, were, however, formerly preserved on the Files of the Chancery. These documents have now been formed into the class known as " Royal and Historical Letters " or " Ancient Correspondence." In process of time the business of the State began to be exercised in a less formal manner, and to be diverted into other channels, and the King's Secretary (who was at first styled the King's Clerk, then Secretary, afterwards Principal Secretary, and who, probably about the time of Elizabeth, was first called Secretary of State,) was gradually employed to execute much of the business formerly pertaining to the Council. In the reign of Henry VIII. the King's Principal Secretary had become a person of so great importance that his rank and precedence was determined by Stat. 31 Hen. VIII. c. 10., and the business and correspondence of his office so much increased as to require in the same reign a second Principal Secretary, and XXXVl INTRODUCTION. subsequently a third. Each of these Secretaries, prior to the establishment of an office for the reception of their papers, as distinct from those of the Chancery, had the custody of the papers accumulated in his department. The State Paper Office, or, as it was originally called, the " Office of Her Majesty's Papers and Records for business of " State and Council," was established by Queen Elizabeth in 1578, when Dr. Thomas Wilson was appointed " Clerk of the " Papers." It was erected in order to prevent the " embezzle- ment " of the papers owing to the frequent changes of Secretaries of State, and also because it was thought necessary " that a " certain place should be appointed for them and a fit man chosen " for registering and keeping them in order, who should be tied " by oath for the secrecy and safe keeping thereof." Whenever a Secretary of State or other Minister resigned office or died it was usual to issue a Warrant for the delivery of his papers to the Keeper of the Papers, but such papers were fre- quently " detained " and only recovered by the most indefatigable exertions on the part of the successive Keepers in hunting them out. Sir Thomas Wilson who succeeded to the office in the beginning of the reign of James I,, spared no pains to increase the importance of his office and to recover any papers which he judged ought rightly to be in his custody, and the King gave him every encouragement to do so. In a Memorial issued by him about the year 1613, it is stated that there were then two sorts of papers in tlie State Paper Office, " those that have been " long kept at Whitehall and those brought from Salisbury House " by himself since the Lord Treasurer's decease, which were far " the greater in number." Notwithstanding this transfer, however, a large mass of papers appears to have been retained by the Secretaries of the late Lord Treasurer, one portion of which is now preserved in the Library of Hatfield House, the other having found its way, after a number of vicissitudes, into the Lansdowne collection of MSS. in the British Museum, of which, under the title of " Burghley Papers," it forms a most important division. Other extensive collections of scattered papers which had escaped the vigilance of successive Keepers of the Papers were made by Sir Robert Cotton in the reign of James I., by Sir Joseph Williamson in that of Charles II., and by Robert Harley, afterwards. Earl of Oxford, towards the close of the 17th century. Two of these are well known as the Cottonian and Harleian ci Elections in the British Museum, whilst the collection of Sir Joseph Williamson, which was placed by its originator in the State Paper Office, now forms part of the series of Domestic State Papers. The dispersion of State Papers was, however, never entirely checked, and, in addition to the collections above mentioned, they are to be found in great numbers in the libraries of the Universi- xxxvu INTRODUCTION. ties, in the Lambeth Library, and in almost every private library of note. Those existing in private collections are now, liowever, being widely made known by means of the invaluable Reports issued from time to time by the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts. No systematic arrangement of the State Papers appears to have been attempted until Sir Thos. Wilson, the nephew of the first " Keepei'," succeeded to the office in the beginning of the reign of James I. Previous to that time they were kept in chests, and appear to have been in great confusion. By Sir Thos. Wilson, however, they were "reduced to a set form of library," and placed " in very convenient rooms near the old Banqueting House '" at Whitehall. The- plan first adopted by him of dividing the papers under the two heads of ^ Domestical " and " Foreign," though inter- fered with many times during the long period which has inter- vened, by divisions and sub-divisions, is identical with that now in use, and is found, with the additional division of " Colonial," to be the simplest and best for all practical purposes. The papers relating to Ireland and Scotland, those relating to the former country being especially voluminous, have also been always kept distinct. But few attempts were made by the early " Keepers " to calendar the State Papers. In 1764 Commissioners were ap- pointed to methodize, regulate, and digest the State Papers, who reported that, although there were catalogues to some, there were no regular calendars, and strongly urged the necessity for the preparation of complete calendars and indexes. Although they were authorised by a Warrant, dated 16 July 1764, "to make exact Calendars and Indexes to all the said Papers " and Records," their proceedings appear to have been confined to sorting and arranging the papers until 1800, when their Com- mission was revoked, and a small establishment of clerks was allowed to the Keeper of State Papers. In 1825 a Commission was issued for printing and publishing the documents of the State Paper Office, it having been then considered, as stated (somewhat prematurely) in the Commission, that the documents were in a great measure arranged and in- dexed. Under the auspices of this Commission selections of the most important letters of the reign of Henry VIII. were printed in 11 quarto volumes, with Indexes of persons and places. It was not, however, until the State Papers, by the operation of the Record Act of 1 & 2 Vict. c. 94., and by an Order in Council dated 5th of March 1852, were placed under the charge and superintendence of the Master of the Rolls that any regular system of calendars was adopted. Since that date upwards of 95 volumes o£ Calendars of the Domestic, Foreign, and Colonial xxxviii INTRODUCTION. Papers, ranging from the reign of Henry VIII. to that of Charles II., have been published, in which the historical information con- tained in the original documents is reproduced with a minuteness of detail sufficient to render access to the original papers almost unnecessary. A Calendar of the documents relating to the History of the State Paper Office down to the year 1800, which are contained in five volumes known as " State Paper Office Documents," with an exhaustive introduction by Mr. W. Noel Sainsbury, is printed in the Appendix to the Deputy Keeper's 30th Report. In 1871 the Earl of Shaftesbury, through the Eoyal Com- mission on Historical Manuscripts, generously presented his col- lection of Family MSS. to the Public Record Office, and they have since been arranged by Mr. Noel Sainsbury, whose elaborate Reports thereon are printed in the Deputy Keeper's 33rd, 34th, 35th, and 39th Reports. The papers of the Duke of Manchester, which are calendared iu the 8th Report of the Historical MSS. Commission, have also been deposited in the Public Record Office. DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. The nature and origin of the several Public Departments is too wide a subject to be here entered upon, and has, moreover, been most ably and accurately treated in the Materials for the History of Public Departments, by F. S. Thomas, published in 1846, to which the reader must be referred for information on this subject. It will be sufficient for the purpose of this Introduction to state that amongst the " Books, Papers, and Documents " of the several Government Departments hitherto transferred to the Public Record Office will be found those of the Home, Foreign, and Colonial Offices, in continuation of those previously transferred from the State Paper Office ; those of the Admiralty and ^Yav Offices, comprising many thousands of volumes of Muster Rolls and Pay Lists of the Royal Navy and of the several Regiments, together with the Log Books, Commission and Warrant Books, and other official records; the Original Correspondence of Her Majesty's Treasury from the year 1557, and the Letter, Order, and Warrant Books from about the year 1667 ; the Accounts and other Records of the Audit Office (including those of the Comp- troller Greneral of the Exchequer) from the reign of Elizabeth to that of the present Sovereign, and those of the Lord Cham- berlain's Department for a similar period. A brief description of the more important documents in the above-mentioned classes, with a statement of the dates up to which they are open to public inspection, will be found under the head of " Departmental Records." XXXIX INTRODUCTION. The want of a General Inventory or Descriptive Catalogue of the vast collection of muniments above described has long been felt both by the public and by the officials themselves. The " Hand-book to the Public Records," by F. S. Thomas, a former Secretary of the Public Record Office, published in 1853, althougli containing much valuable information as to the nature of the several Courts of Law, and the duties of the Officers connected therewith, the greater part of which has been incorporated in the present volume, and treating of some of the principal classes of documents in a thoroughly exhaustive manner, in a great majority of instances merely indicates the existence of certain classes of records without specifying the dates between which they range, or explaining their nature, besides leaving much to be desired in the way of systematic arrangement. The only other authentic guide to the contents of the Public Record Office is to be found in the Annual Reports of the Deputy Keeper, which, by their bulk alone, extending now to some 50 volumes, and the want of a clearly arranged Subject Index, present a labyrinth of undigested information in which the student may wander to and fro for days without finding the desired clue. In 1879, at the request of the then Deputy Keeper, Sir Wil- liam Hardy, I prepared an Alphabetical List of all the Calendars and Indexes in the Public Record Office, which appeared as an Appendix to the Deputy Keeper's 41st Report. On its comple- tion I suggested to the Deputy Keeper that a Descriptive Cata- logue of the Records themselves, arranged on a similar plan, would be of great value both to the officials and to the public, and, with liis cordial consent, undertook the compilation thereof in such time as could be spared from my official duties as Superintendent of the Legal Search Department. The result, which represents nearly ten years of assiduous though frequently interrupted labour, is now at the service of the public, and will, I trust, do much to smooth the path of both the legal and the literary inquirer. Owing to the frequent accretion of new matter, and the con- stant yet never ending progress in the work of classification and arrangement, such an undertaking as the present can hardly ever be either exhaustive or final ; it is, however, hoped that a not altogether unsuccessful attempt has been made to put before the reader in a lucid form a general view of the National Archives in their present condition, which will enable him to decide at a glance which and how many of the various classes will be of service to him, at the same time indicating the existing means of reference to each. Although many of the classes noticed in the present volume, more especially those existing amongst the Miscellanea, will in process of time be brought into a more perfect arrangement, and possibly be amalgamated with others bearing on the same sub- jects, it- has been thought desirable to describe them as they now xl INTRODUCTION. exist, and as they are referred to in the Deputy Keeper's Reports, so that when old references are quoted there will be little difficulty, by means of careful annotation, in tracing the documents to their new arrangement. An Alphabetical arrangement has been chosen as the most simple, as it enables various classes of documents bearing on the same subject to be brought together, irrespective of the Courts or Offices to which they belong (which are, however, in all cases indicated), whilst avoiding the fatigue and irritation of frequent cross-references, and tlie necessity of an elaborate Index. Thus the more easily defined classes, as Accounts, Chancery Enrolments, Charters and Grants, Inquisitions, Leases, Surveys and Rentals, State Papers, Treaties, &c., are referred to under their respective Titles ; whilst others, including many hitherto known only as " Miscellanea " or " Miscellaneous Books," are classified under the subjects to which they relate, as " Army and Navy," " Ecclesiastical Matters," " Escheats and Attainders," " Feudal Tenures," " Monastic Foundations," " Receipts and Issues of the Exchequer," " Revenue Rolls," " Taxation," &c., &c. The Indexes or other means of reference to any class of documents are shown in italics. An Index to Subjects is placed at the end of the volume, which will enable the inquirer to select at once the heads under which he will be likely to find the information of which he is in search. This work is issued with the sanction of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, to whom and to several of my colleagues I am indebted for valuable advice and assistance. For the general scheme and for the accuracy of the details I alone am responsible. Public Record Office, S. R. Scargill-Bikd. February 1891. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE. ACCOUNTS. Accounts, Original. (Exchequer, Q. R.) In addition to the extensive and important series of " Ministers' and Eeceivers' Accounts " of the lands and tenements in the hands of the Crown, and to the "Revenue Rolls " and rolls and books relating to the " Receipts and Issues of the Exchequer," which are fully described under the titles indicated, there are amongst the Miscellanea of the Queen's Remembrancer's De])artment numerous collections of Original Accounts and " Particulars of Accounts," as rendered to the Exchequer by the Sheriffs, Escheators, Collectors of Customs and Subsidies, and other Revenue officers ; of Accounts relating to the expenditure of the Army and Navy, the royal Household and Ward- robe, and on Royal Pulaces and other Woi-ks and Buildings ; and of the issues and ]irofits arising from various Courts and Public Offices, which have been arranged in the present volume under the subjects to which they respectively relate. A Descriptive List of these Accounts is printed in the Appendix to the Deputy Keeper's 40th Report. Many original Accounts of a similar nature are to be found amongst the Miscellanea of the Treasury of the Receipt of the Exchequer. Accounts, Enrolments of. (Exchequer, L. T. R.) In this class, which extends from Edward I. to 1830, are included enrolments of almost every kind of Public Accounts from a very early period, a great proportion thereof being "Declarations of Accounts" corresponding to those of the Audit Office, of which series they ai e to a great extent duplicates.* The enrolments of certain Bailiffs' and Ministers' Accounts, and of the Escheators' Accounts, and Wardrobe and Household Accounts, have been selected -from this class and are described hereafter under their respective Titles. ♦ A LiBt of Declared Accounts is in the Press. U 55673. / ACCOUNTS— (continued). Accounts, States and Views of. (Exchequek, Q. R.) "States," or brief Abstracts of all the Public Accounts of the kingdom from Eliz. to 1859 are contained in & series of 309 rolls entitled "Enrolments of Public Accounts." States and views of Accounts are also entered on the Memoranda Rolls. The "States and Views of Receivers, &c." from Jas. II. to Wm. and Mary are contained in two volumes, thus entitled. Accounts, States and Views of. (Excbequee, L. T. R.) The States and Views of Accounts in the Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer's Department are enrolled on the " Memoranda Rolls," forming a distinct portion of each roll. Repertories to States and Views, 1 Edw. III. to 14 James I. The " States and Views of Receivers General from Car. IT. to 6 Geo. IV. are contained in 52 Vol?, bearing that title. Declared Accounts. (Audit Office) See DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS OP DEEDS. Certificates of the Acknowledgment of Deeds by Maeeied Women. (Common Pleas.) 1834 to 1855. These are the certificates taken in accordance with the Act of 2 & 3 William IV. « for the abolition of Fines and Recoveries and the substitution of more effectual means of assurance." Those of a later date than 1855 are kept at the Acknowledgment Office. Alphabetical Index. 1834 to 1855. 22 Vols. Day Books. 1834 to 1857. 16 Vols. [The Certificates from 1834 to 1837 inclusive and Nos. 1 to 700 and 1,020 to 1,087 of the year 1838 were burnt at the fire which occurred at the Temple in the year 1838.] AGARDB'S INDEXES. A collection so called consisting of Abstracts from and Re- ferences to the Placita Ooronse, Placita de Juratis et Assisis, Placita de Quo Warranto, &c, (commonly called Assize and Quo Warranto Rolls) ; and from the Placita Coram Rege, Placita de Banco, and other records formerly deposited in the Treasury of the Exchequer of Receipt, made at different periods by Arthur Agarde and other officers having charge of the records. 60 vols., as follows :— . Vol.1 Vol.2 . Vol.3 - Vol.4 - Vol.5 - Vol.6 Vol.7 Vol. 8 Vol.9 - Vol. 10 - Vol. 11 Bedford Berka - Cambridge Cornwall Cumberland Dorset Devon "Wilts - Divers Counties Do. Yorkshire Yorkshire Essex Channel Islands 15 Edw. 1. and 4 Edw. 3. 12 Edw. 1. 27 Edw. 1. and 14, 21, & 27 Edw. 1. 12 Edw. 1. and 30 Edw. 1. 20 Edw. 1. 8 Edw. 1. and 16 Edw. 1. 9 Edw. 1. and 9 & 10 Edw. 1. Temp. Eic. 1. - Eic. l.toEdw.3. Hen. 4. Hen. 5. and 15 Hen. 3. and 52 Hen. 3. 7, 8, & 9 Edw. 1., 7 & 21 Edw. 1., and temp. Edw. 1. 13 Edw. 1. 27, 28, & 32 Edw. 1., 2 & 17 Edw. 2., and 5 Edw. 3. Abstracts of Assixe and Quo Warranto EoUs [with In- dices Locorum]. Do. [with an Index Loco- rum for 27 Edw. 1.]. Do. rum]. Do. rum]. [with an Index Loco- [with Indices l/oco- [with an Index Loco- Do. rum]. Abstracts of Placita Coram Eege [with a Table of Con- tents]. Do. [with Indices rum and Eerum]. Loco- Abstracts of Assize and Quo Warranto EoHs [with In- dices Locorum and Eerum] . (1.) Abstracts of Assize Eolls, 7, 8, & 9 Edw. 1. [with an Index Locorum] . (2.) Abstracts of Charters by various kings eurolled temp. Edw. 1., and of Assize Eolls, &c., 7 & 21 Edw. 1. [with an Index Locorum] . (3.) Abstracts of Assize Eolls, &c., 7, 8, & 9 Edw. 1. [with an Index Nominum]. Abstracts of Assize Eolls, &c. [with Indices Eerum and Locorum]. Abstracts of Assize Rolls, &c. A 2 AGARDE'S INDEXES— (continued). Vol. 12 - Vol. 13 - Vol. 14 - Vol. 15 - Vol. 16 - Vol. 17 - Vol. 18 - Vol. 19 - Vol.20 - Vol. 21 - Vol. 22 - Vol. 23 - Vol. 24 - Vol. 25 • Vol. 26 - Vol. 87 - Vol. 28 Hertford Hunts Kent - Lancaster London ■ Middlesex Middlesex, Sus- sex, Kent, and Surrey. Northumberland Notts - Somerset Stafford Surrey, and Di- vers Counties. Surrey and Sus- sex. Southampton - Warwick Westmoreland Wilts - Notts, North- ampton, Guern- sey, Bedford, and Derby. Hereford and Lancaster. 6 & 7 Bdw. 1. - 14Edw. 1. 7 Bdw. 1., 21 Edw. 1., and 6 & 7 Bdw. 2. 20 Edw. 1. 14 Edw. 2. 2, 3, & 22 Edw. 1. and 35 Edw. 1. 21 Edw. 1. 8 &9 Edw. Land 3 Edw. 3. 8 Edw. 1. 21 Edw. 1. 19 & 20 Hen. 3., 39, 43, 47, & 56 Hen. S. 7 Edw. 1. 8 Edw. 1. Ric. l.toHen.7. 13 Edw. 1. 20 Edw. 1. 9 Edw. 1. 3 & 4 Edw. 3. • 20 Edw. 1. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with Indices Loeorum]. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, tec. [with Indices Locomm and Eerum]. Printed. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with an Index Loeorum]. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &C. [with an Index Nominum] . Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with Indices Loeorum]. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with an Index Loeorum]. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c., and of Deeds Enrolled, 3 & 4 Edw. 3. [with an Index IjO- corum]. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with an Index Loeorum] . Do. Do. do. do. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &e. [with Indices Loeorum]. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with an Index Loeorum]. Extracts from the Feet ofFinei for the county of Warwick and from the Feet of Fines of Divers Counties, in which Warwick is included [with an Index Loeorum]. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with an Index Loeorum], Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &c. [with an Index Loeorum] . Do. do. Abstracts of Claimi of Liber- ties, &c., from the Assize and Quo Warranto Bolli. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, ftc. [with Indices Locoram]. AGARDE'S INDEXES— (continued). Vol. 39 Vol. 30 Vol. 81 - Vol. 32 - Vol. 33 - Vol. 34 - Vol. 35 - Vol. 36 - Vol. 37 Vol. 88 - Various Counties Bic. I. Vol. 39 Do. - Do. - Various Counties Do. - Do. - Do. - Do. Do. - Bucks - Dorset - Leicester Divers Counties London Somerset Surrey - Kent - Oxford ■ 1 to 35Edw. 1.- Temp. Edw. 1. - 1 to 14 Edw. 1.- 15 to lU Edw. 1. I to 20 Edw. 2. - 1 to 22 Edw. 3. - 23 to 51 Edw. 3. 1 to 22 Ric. 2. - 14 Edw. 1. 8 Edw. 1. 12 Edw. 1. 9 Edw. 1. 7 to 35 Edw. 1. Edw. 1., 2., and 3 Hen. 3. - 9 Edw. 2. Eic. 1. to Hen. 3. Hen. 3. Edw. 3. 13 Edw. I. and Abstracts of Flacita Coram Rege and of Feet of Fine>, arranged in counties from Beds to Wilts, &c. Abstracts rf Flacita Coram Eege, &c., with Indices Lo- coram et Rerum, arranged under counties. [Printed in the " Abbreviatio Placito- rum."] Abstracts of Flacita Coram Kcge, &e. [Printed in the " Abbreviatio Flacitorum."] Abstracts of Flacita de Banco [with an Index Locorum] . Do. do. Abstracts of Flacita Coram Kegc, &c. [Printed in the " Abbreviatio Flacitorum."] Abstracts of Flacita Coram Eege [with Indices Locorum and Eerum, and a List of Obsolete Words, &o.]. Do. [with Indices Loco- rum and Kerum] . Do. [with an Index Loco- rum]. [Abstracts of Assize Rolls, 4 c. [ [with Indices Locorum] . Abstracts of Deeds and Willi relating to lands, &c., given in mortmain, enrolled at the Hustings in London. Abstracts of Feet of Fines. Do. [with au Index Loco- rum]. A transcript from the " Nomina Villarum " for the county of Kent. A list of the Archbishops of Canterbury and of the Re- ligious Houses in Divers Counties, &c., &c. Abstracts of Feet of Fines [with an Index Locorum] . Abstracts of Flacita Forestte, &c. Abstracts of Assize Bolls, &e. [with an Index Locorum J. AGARDE'S INDEXES— (continued). Vol. 40 •Vol. 41 - Vol. 43 Vol. 43 Vol. 44 Vol. 45 Vol. 46 Vol. 47 Vol.48 Westmoreland - Divers Counties Do. - Do.- Do. - Kent - Divers Counties "AdjudicataPla- citorum in Banco Kegis." " Compendium Eecordorum.' Repertory Kepertory Court Bolls, &c. Index Villaris 31 Hen. 6. 30 Hen. 2. 48 Hen. 3. Edw. 1.- 28 Edw. 1. 6 & 7 Hen. 3. - Edw. 1. to Edw. 3. Edw. 1. to Jas. 2. John to Hen. 5. Edw. 3. to Hen. 8. A return of the services of free tenants ot Thomas Lord Clif- ford for one whole year. Extracts from the " Eotulus de " Dominabus, Pueris et Puel- " lis " for various counties [with an Index Locorum]. Abstracts of Assize EoUs, &c. Do. do. Extent of the lands, &e., ot Edm. Earl of Cornwall. Abstracts of Assize EoUs, &c. Copy of an old MS. containing Knights' Fees in Kent. [This vol. contains also " Prece- " dents concerning the cus- " tody of Eecords, &e., &c.] Abstracts of Placita de Quo Warranto, &c. [with an In- dex Locorum and Nominum, arranged under counties] . Inventory of Coram Eege, King's Bench, and Common Pleas Eolls, &c. Abstracts of Judgments selected from the Placita Coram Eege, Placita de Banco, &c., with indexes to the subjects, &c., &c. A calendar of Treaties and other Diplomatic Documents in the Treasury of the Ex- chequer of Eeceipt. [Printed in the 2rid vol. of '' Ancient Kalendars," &c.] An old repertory to certain documents in the Chapter House at Westminster. A repertory to documents iu the Chapter House entitled " Agardc's Eepertory." A calendar of various Court Eolls, Ministers' Accounts, &c., dated 1671, with an Index Locorum. A volume entitled "Nomina " Villarum infra Ducatum " Lancastrise." AGARDE'S INDEXES~(continued) [The following volumes (apparently forming part of Agarde's collection) were, with the exception of Vol. 60, presented to the Public Record Office in 1879 by Sir Charles Isham, Bart.] Vol. 49 Vol. 50 - Vol. 51 - Vol. 52 Vol. 53 - Vol. 54 - Vol. 55 Vol. 56 - Vol. 57 - Vol. 58 Vol. 59 Vol. 60 Divers Counties Do. Northampton - Divers Counties Northampton - Do. Divers Counties Do. Kent Dorset - Norfolk 28 to 57 lien. 3. Temp. Hen. 4. 3 Edw. 3. 25 to 28 Edw. 1. Ric. 1 . to John - Temp. Hen. 3. - Edw. 1. to Kic. 2, 1 Ric. 2. 2 Ric. 3. to Hen. 3. to Edw. 4. Various dates Hen Edw. 6. Rio. 1. 8. and Abstracts of Assize Rolls. Abstracts of Assize Rolls. Abstracts of Assize Rolls, &o. [with an Index Locorum]. Abstracts of Placita do Baneo [with an Index Locorum] . Abstracts of Feet of Fines [with an Index Locorum] . Do. do. Abstracts of P.atent and Char- ter Rolls, &o. [with an In- dex Locorum] . Abstracts of Inq. post mortem and Inq. ad quod damnum [with Indices Nominum and Locorum]. A calendar of Inq. post mortem and Inq. ad quod damnum. A book containing Abstracts of Tenures in the county of Dorset, selected from the Inq. post mortem, &c. An Index Nominum referring apparently to particulars of Deeds of Pur chase and Ex- change. Abstracts of Feet of Fines (purchased by the P. R. O. in 18 " ALIENATION OF LANDS. Licenses and Pardons for alienation of lands are entered on the Patent Rolls. Fines for licenses to alienate are entered on the Fine Polls. (These payments were abolished by Stat. 12 Car. II,, Cap. 24.) Fines " pro llcenti^ concordandi " are also entered on the Fine Rolls. An "ALIENATION OFFICE " for the assessment and collection of Fines and other payments for Licenses to ajzree and Licenses to alienate was established in the reign of Elizabeth when it was called " My Lord of Leicester's Office," because he had the first grant thereof. This ALIENATION OP LANDS— (continued,;. Office was abolished by Stat. 5 & 6 Wm. IV., Cap. 82, the Records being transferred to the Court of Common Pleas and thence to the Public Record Office. The principal Records of the ALIENATION OFFICE are the following : — Accounts of Pee- and Post- Fines. 1759 to 1794. 4 Vols. Accounts of Post- Fines. 1759 to 1831. 72 Vols. Accounts of Post- Fines. 1788 to 1833. Affidavits to moderate Fines. 1802 to 1834. These relate to Fines in the Common Pleas, and state the amount of the Purchase Money, &c. Licenses and Pardons for Alienation, Entries OF. 1571 to 1650. 21 Vols. Index. 1571 to 16.50. 9 Vols. Writs of Covenant, Extracts from. 1676 to 1837. 135 Vols. Index. 1661 to 1835. 102 Vols. Writs of Covenant, Nil Books. 1668 to 1800. 2 Vols. These contain entries of Writs on which pre- fines were not paid. Writs of Entry in Recoveries, Extracts from. 1595 to 1835. 33 Vols. Index, 1660 to 1834. 27 Vols. See also PINES AND RECOVERIES. ALIENS. Accounts, &c. relating to Foreign Merchants. (Exchequer, Q. R.) Edward I. to Henry VIII. These consist of Accounts of debts owing to various Foreign Merchants residing in London, and of the sums due or paid out of the royal revenues to the Bardi, the Friscobaldi, and similar companies on account of loans advanced by them; of transactions between the said companies and the Despensers, and other documents of a like nature. Descriptive Slips. Do. (Exchequer, Tr. of Receipt.) Hen. IIL to Car. I. These are amongst the Miscellanea, and consist princi- pally of Indentures, &c. relating to Loans by Foreign Merchants to the King. They contain also Complaints as to ships, &c. seized by the English, temp. Ric. II. and Hon. IV. ; and a Charter of Confirmation of privileges ALIENS— (continued). granted by Henry VI. to the Merchants of the Hanse Town?. Descriptive Slips. Transcripts of Deeds and Grants to the Society of the Bardi of Florence. 12 Edw. II. [Misc. Rolls, Sfc, Chancery, No. -^.] A Writ and Inquisition relating to the goods and debts of the Society of the Scala of Florence. 1 Edw. III. [Misc. Rolls, Sfc, Chancery, No. -^.J Alien Clergy, Accounts of Fines imposed on the. See Alien Pkioeies. Alien Priorjes, Accounts of. (Exchequer, Q. R.) 22 Edw. I. to 22 Edw. IV. In addition to Accounts of the possessions of the Alien Religious Houses in England, which were seized into the King's hands from time to time whenever a war broke out with the country to which they belonged, these rolls con- tain Accounts of the possessions of laymen who were foreign subjects, and of Fines imposed on tbe alien clergy. See MINISTERS' AND RECEIVERS' ACCOUNTS. Alien Subsidies, Rolls of. (Excheqube, Q. R.) Edw. III. to Ric. III. These contain the accounts of tbe several assessments on Foreigners resident in England between the above dates. Similar accounts of the 14th year of Edw. III. vnll also be found amongst the " Inquisitiones Nonarum " or Nonse Rolls. Descriptive Slips. 1 vol. (Vol. 95 of the Index to Subsidies.) See TAXATION (Subsidy Rolls, Clerical and Lay). Aliens, Returns of. (State Papers, Domestic.) There are numerous returns of this kind, the most important of which is one made in Nov. 1571 by the Mayor and Aldermen of London " of all the straungers within London and Southwark and the liberties thereof." [State Papers, Dom.Eliz. Vol. 84.] This gives the names of all the foreigners then in London, distinguishing their nations, the wards and parishes in which they dwelt, their trades and occupations, and the churches or congregations frequented by them. The number of persons described amouuts to 4,631. 10 ALIENS— (continued). Aliens, Special Commissions of Inqtjiet respecting the ESTATES OF, AVITH THE EETUENS THEEETO. (OhANCEEY, Petty Bag Office.) 15 Charles I. to 8 Victoria. 2 Bundles. Index. Denization, Letters Patent of. The Letters Patent of Denization are entered on the Patent Rolls. Since August 6, 1844, they are to a great extent superseded by the " Certificates of Naturalization," which are enrolled on the Close Rolls, although the old practice of taking out Letters Patent was still occasionally followed. The Denizations of an earlier date frequently included a number of persons in a single grant, and are referred to in the Index under the head of " Denizationes " or " Indigenae " merely. Separate rolls of Denizations for the years 32 Henry VIII., 36 Henry VIII., and 4 Elizabeth, are placed with the Patent Rolls. The Patent Roll 13 William III., Part 1, No. 8, con- tains a grant of Denization to one Langelier and about 200 other persons. After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, a number of royal warrants were issued for the denization of the Protestant Refugees to this country. These extend from 1681 to 1688 inclusive, and are contained in an Entry Book amongst the Domestic State Papers which has been printed by the Camden Society. [Dom. Entry Bk, Car. II., No. 67.] See Naturalization, Certificates of. Naturalization, Certificates of. These are enrolled on the Close Rolls from Aug. 1844 to Aug. 1870 inclusive, after which date they are registered at the Home Office. Naturalization might also be effected by Letters Patent of Denization and by Private Act of Parliament. The Private Acts of Parlia- ment for this purpose are noticed in the Index to the Parliament Rolls, but the Acts themselves are preserved at the House of Lords. By an Act of Parliament passed in the 7th year of Queen Anne it was enacted that all Foreign Protestants who subscribed the Oath Rolls in the Courts of Chancery, Queen's Bench, Common Pleas, or Exchequer, should be deemed and taken to ba natural-born British subjects. There are in the Queen's Bench Special Oath Rolls oir Naturalization extending from 1 to 12 Anr.e. See Denization, Letters Patent of. 11 ALIENS~(contInuecl), "Names op Persons natuealized in His Majesty's Plantations in America." 1740 to 1761. Two vols., containing the names, &c. of tliose who availed themselves of the Act 13 George II. for naturaliz- ing such Foreign Protestants and others as are settled or shall settle in any of His Majesty's Colonies in America. [Colonial Office Records {Board of Trade) Plantations General, Vols. 59 and 60.] AMBASSADORS AND ENVOYS. The appointments, powers, and instructions of Ambas- sadors, together with their correspondence and negotiations, are entered 'on the earlier Patent and Close Rolls, and also on the so-called " Treaty " or Foreign Rolls. See CHANCERY ENROLMENTS. Subsequent to the reign of Henry VII., documents of this nature are to be found amongst the State Papers. Accounts of monies paid or imprested to Ambassadors appear on the Issue Rolls and Issttb Books of the Exchequer of Receipt. See RECEIPTS AND ISSUES OF THE EXCHEQUER. There are also original Accounts relating to the expenses of Ambassadors and Royal Messengers as follows : Ambassadors (Nuncii), Accounts of. (Exchequer, Q. R.) 23 Edward I. to 13 Elizabeth. These are Accounts of the expenses of Ambassadors and other persons attached to foreign missions, the nature of which is in some cases indicated. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. Royal Messengers, &c., Accounts of Sums paid to. (Exchequer, Q. R.) Edward II. to Henry VIII. A parcel entitled " Civiii Service," containing Accounts of Wages paid to Royal Messengers and others, and of sums paid for the expenses of tbe Prelates, Barons, and others in attending the King's Council. Descriptive Slips. Tartaky, Account of the Expenses of an Ambassador TO THE Court of. Circa 20 Edward I. \_Miscellanea, Exch. Tr. of the Receipt, No. 49/2.] Accounts of Ambassadors and Envoys. 1566 to 1827. [Audit Office, " Declared Accounts." Bundles 8 to 12.] 12 ANNUITIES (CHANCERY). Memobijlls of Annuities. 1813 to 1854. Before 1813 the Annuity Deeds are enrolled In full on the Close EoUs, of which they form a separate branch. After the p.issing of the Act relative to Annuities in 1813, Memorials or Abstracts of the Deeds only are enrolled, forming a distinct class of enrolments. From August 1854 Memorials of Annuities are registered at the Common Pleas Registry of Judgments, «cc. Index. Mil to 1854. 17 Vols. MS., arranged under the names of the Grantort. Do. nil to 1842. 6 "Vols. MS., arranged under the names of the Grantees. [N.B. The Registers of Annuities are retained at the Enrolment QflBce.] ANNUITIES (EXCHEQUER). See RECEIPTS AND ISSUES OF THE EXCHEQUER. APPAREL. Inquisitions concekning Apparel. (Misobllanea, ExoHEQUEE, Q. K.). Elizabeth. These consist of enquiries concerning any violations of the Statute of 4 & 5 Philip and Mary relating to iho Keeping of Horses and the Apparel of Men's Wives, &c. Descriptive Slips. Similar documents will be found amongst the " Special Commissions " of the Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. See COMMISSIONS. ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE. The documents illustrative of the early history of the Army and Navy consist principally of Accounts of pay- ments to the Knights, Esquires, Men-at-Arms, and Archera who served in the Scotcli and Welsh wars and in the various expeditions to France, with the Indentures of Covenant entered into by the several Military Leaders and the Lists of their retinues. Amongst these are included several interesting musters of the Army engaged in the expedition of Henry V. which terminated with the Battle of Aglncourt. The personal service enjoined by the Feudal sj'stem is also illustrated by the enrolments of the Writs of Sum- mons on the Close Rolls and elsewhere, by the Rolls of the Constables and Earl Marshal of the Army, on which are recorded the names and retinues of those who appeared at the rendezvous and proffered their service, and by the 13 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). Scutage Rolls, on which are enrolled the Mandates for the relief from the payment of Scutage, &c. of those who either attended personally or by deputy or compounded hy a Fine for their absence. ^ At a later period the Commissions of Array and the Musters taken in pursuance thereof show the available military force in each County, corresponding to a great extent to the modern Militia. There are also detailed Accounts of the expenses of building and fitting out ships of war, of the Wages of the Mariners and Men-at-Arms, and of the expenses of Gar- risons and Fortifications. The Ordnance Accounts contain many interesting details as to the manufacture and supply of engines and munitions of* war, including bows and arrows, corslets, guns, gunpowder, &c. In addition to the foregoing, special mention may be made of the two interesting volumes containing the Accounts of the Expedition under Martin Froblshcr in search of the Meta Incognita, of the Roll of Assessments for the Army throughout England and Wales from 1644 to 1649 inclusive, and of the volume containing an Account of the number of men in the Army in the year 1719, with the amount of their expenses in pay, &c., and a similar Account relating to the Navy for the year 1724-1725, amongst the Records of the Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. The later Records of the Army and Navy will be found amongst the Records of the War Office and Admiralty respectively, described under the head of DEPART- MENTAL RECORDS. Accounts, «Sec. (Chancekt.) The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, &c. (Bundle 1) :— Army and Navy Accounts : No. 1. "Wages, &c. to Knights, Esquires, and foot soldiers in the King's service in Wales. 10 Edw. I. No. 2. Wages, &c. of soldiers and expenses of the garrison at Hope Castle. 10 Edw. I. No. 3. An Account of the Wages, &c. of sailors belonging to various ports, entitled " Flota domini Johaunis de Boutetort." Edw. I. No. 4. Names of persons assigned to protect the Sea and various Ports in Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Snssex, Ac. 24 Edw. I. No. 5. Indentures and Memoranda of victuals and stock sent to the King in Flanders and Holland. 25 Edw. I. No. 6. Payment to the foot soldiers in Wales. 26 Edw. I. No. 7. Memoranda relating to the receipt of victuals and stock at the Castle of Berwick-on-Tweed. 26-27 Edw. I. 14 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). Accounts, &c. (Chancery) — (continued). No. 8. Valuation of horses in the possession of Tarious persons. ]Edw. I. N0.-9. Do. EdfT. L No. 10. Do. (with names of Arblasters and Esquires). Edw. I. No. 11. List of horses taken in the Welsh wars. Edw. I. No. 12. Expenses of the King's horses. Edw. I. No. 13. Payments to Knights, Esquires, &c. (A fragment.) Edw. I. No. 14. Indentures between the Admiral of the Fleet and others concerning provisions. 10 Edw. III. No. 15. Certificates of the number of ships in the porta of Norfolk and Sufiblk with the names of their owners. 14 Edw. III. No. 16. List of Ships taken for the King's serYice. Edw. III. No. 17. Do. Edw. III. No. 18. Do. Edw. III. No. 19. A List of those who passed the seas with the King. Edw. III. No. 20. Memoranda of Ships and men to be sent to Scotland. Edw. III. No. 21. An appraisement of a Galley of Barcelona, and of the merchandise found in her. 28 Hen. VI. No. 22. Examination of Witnesses concerning a Ship laden with wool, &o., taken by the King's enemies. 33 Hen. VI. No. 23. An account of the debts owed by the King to the Captain of Calais and the soldiers and workmen there. 3 Edw. IV. No. 24. A roll containing the names of all the 0£B.cers and Men in His Majesty's Elect who had taken the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy. 12 Car. II. Accounts, &c. (Exoheqube, Q. R.) Army Accounts, &c. (48 Hen. III. to Elizabeth.) These consist of Accounts of the expenses of garrisons, of provisions and munitions of war, and of the construction and transport of military engines ; of the Wages of Ban- nerets, Knights, Archers, and Men-at-Arms ; of the expenses of building and victualling Ships and of the Wages of Mariners. They also contain Indentures of Military Service, and Muster and Ketinue Rolls, giving the names of the Cap- tains or Commanders in the various expeditions, and also of the men-at-arms, hobelars, archers, and others by whom they were accompanied. Amongst these will be found many Retinue Rolls of those who served in the expedition to France in the third year of Henry V... which resulted in the battle of Agincourt ; together with a muster of the garrison at Harfleur [No. 59/4] ; Accounts of the Treasurer there from 3 to 7 Henry V. [No, 58/6] ; Accounts relating 15 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). to the custody of the French prisoners at Windsor Castle and elsewhere ; and other documents of the greatest his- torical interest The Accounts of a great number of the Commanders in this expedition ai-e enrolled on a large roll amongst the " Foreign Accounts " of the Pipe Office, but the names of their retinues are only to be found in the foregoing series and amongst the similar accounts belong- ing to the Treasury of the Receipt of the Exchequer referred to below. The later documents of this class consist almost entirely of Indentures of Military Service and of Muster Rolls of the troops raised in various counties for service in Ireland and elsewhere. Descriptive JSlips. Hen. III. to Eliz. 10 Vols. MS. Calendar. Hen. III. to Hen. IV. 1 Vol. MS, Navy Accounts, &c. Edward III. to Elizabeth. These consist principally of Accounts of the expenses of fitting out and victualling ships for the King's seryice and of the wages of mariners, &c. They also contain Musters and Retinue Rolls of the Men-at-Arms and otliers embarking on foreign service, corresponding to those amongst the Army Accounts. There is a second series of these Accounts from Edw. III. to Hen. VI. described as " Accounts of the Clerk of the Navy," which relate principally to the building and rigging of ships, and a Bundle (No. 85) containing " Accounts of Edward Bassh of Victuals for the Navy " in the reign of Edward VI. (Before Edward III. see " Army Accounts, &c.") Descriptive Slips. 3 Vols. MS. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. Ordnance Accounts, &c. Edward III. to James I These relate to the supply and manufacture of military stores and engines of war, as arrows, corslets, guns, salt- petre, gunpowder, &c. Descriptive Slips. Provisions, Accounts of. Edward III These are Accounts of expenses in providing victuals for the Army and Navy in various expeditions and for the garrisons in several castles. Descriptive Slips. Expenses of the Voyages of Martin Frobisher. Temp. Elizabeth. 2 Vols. [Misc. Books, No. 58.] 16 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). Accounts, &c. (Exchequer, Q. R.)— (continued). A "Lejrer Accompt" of the Assessments for the Army received hy the Treasurers at War from the peveral Counties, Cities, and Places in England and Wales from 1644 to 1649. One large roll of paper. An Account or Estimate of the nutnber of men in the Army in the year 1719, with the amount of their expenses in pay, &c. ; and also an Estimate of the charge of the Navy for the year 1724-1725, with the expenses of the Navy Office and a list of pensions and allowances. 1 Vol. MS. Accounts, &c. (Exchequee, Augmextation Office.) Victualling Account. 5 Hen. VIII. [Misc. Books, Vol. 4.] Certificates of the Arrears of Pay and other Allowances due to various Officers and Troops in the service of the Parliament. 1647 to 1652. [Misc. Books, Vol. 5.] Similiir Certificates for the Counties of Devon and Cornwall. 1648 to 1650. [Misc. Books, Vol. 6.] Payments to the Officers and others of the Royal Navy 5 Henry VIII. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol 315.] Accounts of the Clerk of the King's Ships. 10 to 17 Henry VII. Two volumes containing the Accounts of Robert Brig- andyn, Clerk of the King's Ships; of all his receipts and expenses for the years. 10 to 1.3 Henry VII. and J 6 and 17 Henry VII. respectively. The first volume contains the expenses of fortifying the Dock at Portsmouth, 10-11 Henry VII. [Misc. Books, Vols. 316 and 317.] Accounts, &c. (Exchequeb, L. T. R.) Accounts of the Expedition to France which resulted in the Battle of Agincourt. 3 Hen. V. A large roll, belonging a])parently to the series of " Fo- reign Accounts," containing the enrolments of the Accounts of the military leaders who indented to serve the King in his expedition to France, giving the amounts received by them and expended in wages, &c., and also a description of the various royal jewels received by them as pledges for the due payment of the amounts for which they respectively agreed to serve. The Particulars of these accounts, giving the names of their retainers, &c., will be found amongst the Miscellanea of the Queen's Remembrancer. 17 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). Accounts, &c. (Exchequer, Tb. of the Keoeipt.) Army and Navy Accounts, &c. John to Charles I. The?e include a Muster Koll of the Army of Henry V., taken at Southampton before his second expedition into France in the 5th year of his reign [No. *-^] ; with retinue and other rolls relating thereto. Descriptive Slips. The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Books: — No. A^j. Naval and Military Chargea, &c. Hen. VIII. No. A^. Payments and Receipts, Army and Navy. Hen. VII. and Hen. VIII. No. Aj'j. Charges of the Army and Navy. 3-5 Hen. VIII. No. AA. Army, Navy, and Ordnance Payments, &o. Hen. VII. and Hen. VIII. No- Pi.-if. Payments of the Royal Ordnance, &o. 5 & 6 Hen. VIII. No. A^*^. Expenses of building the Henry Grace Dien and other ships. Hen. VIII. No. A^. Accounts of tho Royal Dockyard at Portsmouth. 14-15 Hen. VIII. No. A/a- Navy and Ordnance Accounts. Hen. VII. No. A^'j. Indentures of the King's Ordnance. Hen. VII. No. AvPtt- Expenses of the Army to and from Prance. Hen. VIII. No. A-Aj. Naval and Ordnance Receipts and Payments. Hen. VII. and Hen. VIII. No. A/j. Expenses, &c. of the Navy. Hen. VIII. No. Bf . Expenses of the Navy. 4 & 6 Hen. VIII. No. BW- Inventory of the Stores of the Royal Navy. 6 Hen. VIII. No. Bj't. Accounts of the sums of money received in aid of the King's voyage to Scotland. Hen. VII. No. ByV- Account of Military Stores. Hen. VIII. Accounts, &o. (Exchequer of Receipt.) Accounts of the Military Establishments in Ireland, and Rolls of the soldiers levied or pressed for service there, &c. 42 Eliz. to 21 James I. 15 rolls. Muster Rolls in various Counties. 1663 to 1684. 9 rolls. Accounts, &c. (Land Revenue Office.) Accounts and Indentures relating to Surgeons and Archers employed during the wars of Henry V. m France. 3 & 4 Hen. V. {^Land Revenue Records, No. 722.] Accounts, &c. (Audit Office Records.) The following Accounts relating to the Army, Navy, and Ordnance will be found amongst the " Declared Accounts " of the Audit Office. There are also amongst the .A.udit Office Records " Establishment Books " of the rarious forces from 1661 to 1829. V 55078. B 18 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued.) Accounts^ &c. (Audit Office Records) — (continued). Army Accounts. Accounts of the Paymaster-General of the Forces. 1652 to 1827. Accounts of Commanders-in-Chief and Military Governors. 1606 to 1821. Accounts of Victaals, &c. for Home service. 1565 to 1807. Accounts of Victuals, &c. for garrisons Abroad. 1647 to 1816. Accounts of Half-Pay, Pensions, and Allowances. 1713 to 1327. Accounts of Money for Trained Bands and Militia. 1660 to 1674, 1745, and 1813-1827. Accounts of Vice-Treasurers and Treasurers at War, and Paymasters of various expeditionary Forces and of several Garrisons. 1543 to 1826. Navy Accounts. Accounts of the Treasurers of " Marine Causes and Affairs," and of the Navy. 1558 to 1827. Accounts of Moneys, &c. arising by the sale of prizes. 1593 to 1813. Miscellaneous Accounts. 1597 to 1818. Ordnance Accounts. Accounts of the Masters and Surveyors of the Ordnance. 1557 to 1632. Accounts of Lieutenants of the Ordnance. 1561 to 1670. Accounts of the Treasurers and Paymasters. 1587 to 1827. Miscellaneous Accounts. 1568 to 1810. Military Establishment Books. Establishment Books of the Forces at home and abroad. 1661 to 1829. Establishment Books of Guards, Garrisons, and Land Forces in Great Britain. 1729 to 1829. Establishment Books of Guards, Garrisons, and Land Forces in Great Britain, Minorca, Gibraltar, and the Planta- tions.* 1741 to 1829. Agincoxjet Muster Kolls. See Accounts, &c. The most complete of these rolls is amongst the Miscellanea of the Treasury of Receipt (No. ^). Commissions of Array. These are enrolled on the Patent EoUs. Indentures OF War. (State Paper Office.) Edw, III. to Henry VII. 5 Vols. These are original Indentures of Covenant between the King and various nobles and military leaders, by which the latter agree to furnish a certain number of troops of a specified character fLr a fixed period to serve the King in * (Many of these are duplicates of the preceding set.) 19 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). his expeditions, the Sovereign on his part guaranteeing the due payment of their wages and expenses. Similar Inden- tures of an earlier date will be found amongst the Accounts, &c. relating to the Army and Navy, which contain also the Retinue Rolls or Lists of the Spearmen, Archers, and others, by whom the several Lords or Cap- tains fulfilled their part of the contract. Index Nominum, 1 Vol. MS. Military Summons, Writs of. Writs of Summons to Military Service, addressed to the Barons of the Realm and other Magnates, are enrolled on the back of the Close Rolls, and also on the Scotch, Welsh, and Vascon Rolls. Those for the reigns of Edward I. and Edward II, are printed in Palgrave's " Parliamentary Writs," &c. For a record of the service actually performed see Scutage Rolls, and Rolls of THE MakSHALSEY, Writs of Summons of the 28th year of Henry III. and of the 11th and 25th years of Edward I. wiU be found amongst the Rolls of the Marshalsey, described below. The last of these is a roll of Sheriffs' Returns of persons having 20 librates of land in the Counties of Somerset and Dorset, Notts, and Derby, who are sum- moned to perform military service. MUSTEK AND Retinue Rolls. These will be found amongst the " Accounts, &c." above described. Mdstees, Certificates of. In the reign o£ Henry VIII. general Musters of all the " fencible men " were made at intervals in the several counties, by virtue of Commissions under the Great Seal, and the forces thus called out were assessed to arms according to their substance or property. The " Certifi- cates " or Returns of the Commissioners, therefore, give the names of all the able-bodied men between the ages of 16 and 60 in each township or parish, with a valuation of their possessions in lands or goods, and the amount in money or equipment they were expected to furnish. Similar Certificates of Musters in later reigns will be found in the Domestic Series of State Papers. B 2 20 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). Musters, Certificates of — (continued). The following Books of Musters are amongst tl'.e Mis- cellaneous Books of the Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt : — No. A|. Musters in the County of Hereford. No. Af . Do. Dorset. 34 Hen. VIII. No. Af. Do. Stafford. Hen. VIII. No. A|. Do. South'ton. 14 Hen. VIII. No. Af . Do. Denbigh. Hen. VIII. No. Af . Do. Lincoln. Hen. VIII. No. Af . Do. Norfolk. Hen. Vin, No. Af . Do. York, N. E. 30 Hen. VIII. No. Af . Do. Surrey. 30 Hen. VIII. No. Ax%. Do. Norfolk. Hen. VIII. No. AtV- Do. Monmouth. Hen. VIII. No. A^. Do. Worcester. 31Hen.VTTT. No. A^. Do. Oxford and Suffolk. Hen. VIII. No. Aj%. Do. Dorset. 30 Hen. VIII. No. A^. Do. York, E. R. 30 Hen. VIII. No. Aj\. Do. Hereford. 30 Hen. VIII. No. AJy. Do. York and Ainsty (City of). 31 Hen. VIII. No. Aj\. Do. Anglesey and Merioneth. Hen. VIII. No. AA. Do. Yorkshire (Craven and Booland). Hen. VIII. No. AA- Do. Worcester. Hen. VIII. No. A^. Do. Do. Hen. VIII. No. A^\. Do. York, AV. R. 26 Hen. VIII. No. A/^. Do. Do. Hen. VIII. No. A^\. Do. Do. E. E. Hen. VIII. No. A^^^. Do. Northumb'd. Hen. VIII. No. AA- Do. ■York, N. E. 30 Hen. VIII. No. A,V- Do. South "Wales. Hen. VIII. No. A^. Do. (Tlie retinue of Thos. Lord Daroy). 15 Hen. VIII. No. At-o. Do. York, N. E. 26 Hen. VIII. No. A^. Do. Sussex. Hen. VIII. No. AA. Do. Wilts. Hen. VIII. No. AA- Do. Beds.North'ton, and Notts. Hen. VIII. No. AA. Do. Salop. Hen. VIII. S" -^-• Do. North Wales. Hen. VIII. No.At-V Do. Sussex. 30 Hen. VIII. S°- ^T-v- Do. Dorset. 34 Hen. VIII. No. A^. Do. Gloucester. 34 Hen. VIII. No. Bf . Do. Cornwall. Hen. VIII. No. BA. Do. Rutland. Hen. VIII. No. BA- Do. Do. Hen VIII. 21 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (contiaued). The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of tho Augineatation Office :— Cornwall. A valuation of the lauds, goods, and equipment of all the inhabitants in the Hundreds of East, West, Trigge, and Kerrier. Temp. Hen. VIII. IVols. 77 anti 78.1 Berks. Certificates of Musters in seyeral hundreds. Temp. Hen. VIII. [FoZ. 464.] Berks. Account of money " prested " to the King by his subjects in the Co. of Berks, according to the valuation of their substance. [FoZ. 465.] Norfolk. Certificates of Musters in the Hundreds of North Grenowe and Holt. IVol. 466.] Rolls of the Marshalsey, or " Peoffers of Service." These are the rolls kept by the Constable or Earl Marshal of .the Army, or by their lieutenants, on which were recorded the names of all those who in obedience to the Writs of Military Summons appeared either personally or by deputy at the place appointed, and proffered their service, together with the n;imes of the knights, esquires, sergeants, or others by whom such service was to be per- formed, the number of their liorses, and the nature of their equipment, &c. A roll of this kind was made up on every muster of the King's host, but very few are still extant. The following is a complete list of these rolls as far as they are known to exist ; they are amonjst the Miscel- laneous Rolls, &c. of the Court of Chancerj- (Bundle 9). Those stated to be printed will be found in Palgrave's " Parliamentary Writs," &c. No. 1. 6 Edw. I. Writ of Summons and acknowledgments and Proffers of Service at Worcester. Printed. No. 2. 10 Edw. I. Acknowledgments and Proffers against Llewellyn, Prince of Wales, and others. Printed. No. 3. 10 Edw. I. Acknowledgments and Proffers of Service (at Euthlan). Printed. No. 4. 10 Edw. I. Another copy of the foregoing. No. 6. 31 Edw. I. Acknowledgments of service in the anny summoned against the Scots. No. 6. 4 Edw. II. ProSers of Service at Tweedmouth. Printed. No. 7. 4 Edw. II. Another copy of the foregoing roll. No. 8. 16 Edw. II. The Poll of the Summons of the Army at Newcastle-on-Tyne against Robert Bruce and others. No. 9. 28 Hen. III. A Writ of Summons only. No. 10. 11 Edw. I. Do. No. 11. 25 Edw. I. Do. (for the Counties of Somerset, Dorset, Notts., & Derby). No. 12. A small roll entitled "Nomina Militum destinan- darum in Brittaniam. Temp. Hen. III. SCUTAGE ROLLg. The Scutage Rolls contain enrolments of the Mandates for the relief from payment of Scutage of such persons as appeared, by inspection of the " Rotuli IMarescalcie" or 22 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). ScuTAGE Rolls — (continued). Rolls of the Marslialsey of the Army, to have rendered the service due from them either personally or by sufficient deputies, or who liad compounded for the same by pay- ment of a fine. A few accounts relating to the collection of Scutage will be found amongst the Subsidy Rolls and the Miscellanea of the Exchequer, Scutage Rolls of the following dates will be found amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, &c. of the Chancery (Bundle 11):— No. 1. 16 John. No. 2. 2-15 Hen. III. (This roll includes Lists of persons summoned to mili- tary service at Stamford and Worcester.) No. 3. 7 Hen. III. No. 4. 8 Hen. III. No. 5. 14 Hen. III. No. 6. 26 Hen. HI. No. 7. 29 Hen. III. No. 8. 41 Hen. III. No. 9. 49 Hen. III. to 1 Edw. III. An account of all fines paid for release or respite from military service between the dates specified. No. 10. 15-18 Edw. I. No. 11. 31 Edw. I. (Bespite of Assizes of Novel Disseisin for those who are in the King's service in Scotland.) No. 12. 31-35 Edw. I. No. 13. 31-32 Edw. I. No. 14. 34 Edw. I. (Letters of General Attorney for those who are in the King's service in Scotland.) No. 15. 8-11 Edw. II. No. 16. 8-19 Edw. II. No. 17. 12-19 Edw. II. No. 18. 2-11 Edw. III. No. 19. 20 Edw. III. Letters of Acquittance for sums of money paid by various persons towards the expenses of Archers and Men-at-Arms. A roll of 10 membranes. Miscellaneous Refeeences (chiefly fhom the Do- mestic State Papers). Army. Minutes of proceedings at Councils of "War. 1626 to 1638. [8. P. Bom., Car. I., Vol. 28.1 Entry Book of documents relating to the Council of Wslt 1638 to 1641. (Calendared.) [8. P. Bom., Car. I., Vol. 396.] Military Entry Books. Charles II. to James II. 12 Vols. [8. P. Bom. Entry Books; see also the Military Entry Books of the Home OjKce.j Muster Bolls of German Troops. 1755 to 1766. [Rome Office Papers, Bomestic Miscellaneous, Nos. 136 and 139.] A volume containing General and Division Orders relating to the Army in Portugal in the years 1811 and 1812. [Amongst the Eecords of the Exchequer, Q. E.] 23 ARMY, NAVY, AND ORDNANCE— (continued). Navy. A survey of all the tackle and apparel, cables, anchors, and other provisions remaining in Her Majesty's ships, taken at their coming fiom the neas. 1688. [S. P. Bom., Eliz., Vol. 220.] A volume containing entries of documents relating to the Admiralty in the reigns of Elizabeth, James I., and Charles 1., including the names and dates of appoint- ment of all the Lords High Admiral of England from the reign of Edward II. to the year 1590. \_8. P. Bom., Eliz., Vol. 237.] Euport by Sir Eobert Cotton on abuses in the Koyal Navy. 1608. [S. P. Bom., Jas. L, Vol. 41.] Trinity House Certificates. 1626 to 1638. Two volumes containing Certificates by the Corporation of Trinity House, addressed to the Lord High Admiral, with reference to ships for which warrants were solicited to enajjle them to carry piece^ of ordnance suflicient for their defence. They specify the name of the ship, its tonnage, by whom and where built, the names of the owner and master, and the number and character of the Ordnance desired. [8. P. Bom., Charles I., Vols. 16 and 17.] A Eegister of Warrants for issuing Letters of Marque, from 1628 to 1637. [S. P. Dom., Car. I., Vol. 130.] [Entries of Letters of Marque from 1624 to the end of the American War will be found amongst the Eecords of the High Court of Admiralty.] Survey of the Navy. 1626-7. A volume containing minutes of the Special Commis- sioners appointed to inquire into the state of the Navy from Deo. 1626 to May 1627. [fif. P. Dom., Car. I., Vol 45.] Survey of all Ships in the Port of London, taken by direction of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. ['f the Exchequer and of the Royal Household, and to the delivery of Cargoes at various ports, &c., &c. Descriptive Slips. 15()NDS, Special. 1608 to 1835. 17 Packages. These are liimds entered into by persons on their admission to . mployment under the Crown. Index. Car. II. to Jas. II. Exchequer, Augmentation Ofllce. ' i -iiORANDA, Obligations, &c. Temp. Henry VIII. 1 Vol. [Misc. Boohs, Vol. 263.] Rkcognizances, Entries or. 34-35 Hen. VIII. 1 Vol. [Misr. Books, Vol. 352.] ^IlMORANDA OF THE DELIVERY OF OBLIGATIONS TO THE TkEASUKEK of THE COURT OF AUGMENTATIONS. Ed- n'urd VI. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol. 327.] Duchy of Lancaster. S A uiiiTY Bonds. Hen. VIII. to 1716. 9 Bundles. Palatinate of Chester. r NDs,&c. See CHANCERY ENROLMENTS. CERTIFICATES. C. a. 1 eery. ; ;t ripiCATES OF Statutes Staple and Extents there- on. See STATUTE STAPLE. < itificates of the Accountant-general and of HE Masters and Chief Clerks i-n Chancery. See SUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. ( TiFiCATES, VARIOUS. (Petty Bag Officb.) Seveu nil, dies, as follows: — r 1. Certificates, Licences, and Presentments of Taverns D id Cookshops in the City of London, temp. Jac. I. and 'ar. I. 30 CERTIFICATES— (continued). Chancery. Certificates, various — (continued). Noi?. 2 and 3. Certificates of Delinquents' Estates seques- trated during the Commonwealth. No. 4. Certificates of Recusants' Estates sequestrated. No. 5. Certificates of Surrenders of Offices. No. 6. Certificates of Popish Recusants and of Persons con- cealed. Anne and George I. No. 7. A few Certificates of the Admission of Solicitors and Attorneys. Geo. I. to Geo. III. Certifioates of persons receiving the sacrament f PURSUANT TO THE TeST AcT, OR " SaCRAMENT CER- TIFICATES." See OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE, &c. Common Pleas. Certificates of Acknowledgment of Deeds by Married Women. See ACKNOWLEDGMENTS OF DEEDS. Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Certificates of Sale of the Lands of Charles I., &c. See CROWN LANDS. Certificates of the Sale and Transfer of Bank Stock, &c. See JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. Exchequer, Augmentation Ofllce. Certificates of Colleges, Chantries, Free Chapels, &c. See MONASTIC FOUNDATIONS, &c. Exchequer, First Fruits Department. Certificates of Institution to Benefices, called " Bishops' Certificates." See ECCLESIASTI- CAL MATTERS. CHANCERY ENROLMENTS. In addition to the Charter, Patent, Close, and Fine Rolls, which may be considered to be the four great classes of Chancery Enrolments, separate rolls were formed of various classes of documents relating both to the domestic and foreign relations of the country, of which the Lord Chancellor had cognizance in his capacity as Secretary of State or otherwise. Such were the Foreign or Treaty Rolls relating to the afiairs of the French Provinces, and to diplomatic and military relations with Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and with various foreign countries ; the Cartte Antique Rolls, containing transcripts of various early charters ; the Coronation Rolls, Confirmation Rolls, 31 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS— (continued). Extract Rolls, Liberate and Prsestita Eolls, Pardon Eolls, Protection Eolls, and Redisseisin Rolls ; the Statute Eoils, on which the legal enactments of the several Parliaments ■were formally drawn up and enrolled, the Staple Rolls, and many others brought together in the present volume, under the general title of " CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS)." [The " Decree Rolls " and " Parliament Rolls" of the Court of Chancery are described under the heads of JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS and PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS respec- tively.] Chaktee Rolls. 1 John to 8 Henry VIII. The Eoyal Charter was the form of instrument em- ployed by the Sovereign in granting liberties, privileges, immunities, and exemptions, and qlso lands, tenements, and other possessions, both to corporations and to private individuals. The Charters were distinguished from the Letters Patent by their being always executed in the presence of witnesses whose attestation was necessary to the validity of the document, and by their being addressed " To all archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, earle, barons, &c.," instead of simply, " To all to whom these presents shall come." They are of two kinds: — (1) Ori- ginal grants of lands, tenements, liberties, &c. (2.) Charters of confirmation or inspeximus of previous grants. The latter may again be subdivided into two classes : Charters confirming previous grants without reciting them ; and charters reciting in full others previously granted, and ratifying and confirming the same, sometimes with the addition of further privileges. Confirmations of charters prior to 1 Ric. III. are entered both on the Patent and Charter Rolls, and also on the Cartse Antiquse. From 1 Ric. III. to 1 Car. I. they are entered on the Confirmation Rolls, and subsequent to the latter date again on the Patent Rolls. The Charter Rolls terminate in the 8th year of Henry VIII., when that class of instrument was discontinued, all further grants from the Crown being made in the form of Letters Patent. The documents entered on the Charter Eolls consist chiefly of Charters of Foundation and Incorporation ; Grants of Lands, Liberties, and Pri- vileges to Cities, Tpwns, Civil and EeUgious Corporations, and to individuals ; Grants of Markets, Fairs, and Free- Warren, &c., &c. [See Introduction to the printed volume of Charter Eolls.] Inventory. John to Henry VIII. Report II., App. II., pp. 2-7 ; and Report III., App. II. p. 142. Transcript in full. 1-18 John. Printed by the Record Commission (with an Introduction and General Index). 32 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS— (continued). Calendar. John to Edw. IV. Printed (with Indices Locorum and Nominum). Do. Ric. III. to Henry VII I. MS. (Incorporated with the MS. Calendar to the Patent RoIIp. Vol. 4.) See also PALMER'S INDEXES. Patent Rolls. 3 .John to 43 Victoria. The Patent Rolls derive their name from the " LittersB Patentes," or Letters Patent, of which they are the formal Record?. The instruments by which the Sovereigns of England made grants and expressed iheir intentions to their people ■were of three kinds, called respectively Charters, Letters Patent, and Letters Close. " By the first their more " solemn acts were declared, by the second their more " public directions promulgated, and by the third they " intimated their private instructions to individuals." The Royal Charters were those diplomas by which powers, privileges, immunities, exemptions, and other specialities emanating from the royal prerogative were granted in perpetuity. Like the Letters Patent they passed under the Great Seal, and the principal distinction between them was that the Charter was witnessed by such persons as were present when it was executed, whose testi- mony to its execution was necessary to its validity, while the Patent was executed by the King himself. There was also a slight variation in the address, the charter com- mencing, *' The King to all his archbishops, bishops, " abbots, priors, earls, barons, justice*, sheriffs, reeves, " ministers, and all his faithful subjects greeting ; " and the patent, " The King to all to whom these presents shall " come, greeting." The Letters Patent were, as their name implies, written upon open sheets of parchment, with the Great Seal pendent at the bottom, being thus distinguished from the " Litterae Clausas," or Letters Close, which, being of a more private nature, and ad- dressed to one or two individiials only, were closed or folded up and sealed on the ontside. During the reigns of the Plantagenets the Patent Rolls contain documents of a most diversified and interesting nature, relating principally to the Prerogatives of the Crown, to the Revenue, and to the different branches of Judicature ; to Treaties, Truces, Correspondence, and Negociations with V oreign Princes and States ; Letters of Protection, of Credence and of Safe Conduct ; Appoint- ments, and Powers of Ambassadors, &c. In addition to these documents of an essentially public nature they also contain Grants and Confirmations of Liberties, Offices, Privileges, I^ands, and "Wardships, both to public bodies and private individuals; Charters of Incor- 33 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS— (continued). poration ; Licenses for the election of Bishops and other Ecclesiastical Dignitaries ; Restitutions of Temporalities ; Presentations to Churches, Vicarages, and Chapels ; Creations of Nobility ; Special and General Pardons, Special Liveries ; Licenses and Pardons for Alienation ; Crown Leases ; Proclamations, and all manner of Commis- sions, documents of the last two classes being entered on the hack of the rolls. By tlie Statute of 1 Anne, cap. 7, which provides for the establishment of the Civil List, the power of the Crown to dispose of its Land Revenue was restrained, and it was enacted '• that no grant shall be made by the Crown of any " manors, messuages, lands, tenements, rents, tithes, woods, " or other hereditaments (advowsons of churches and " vicarages flnly excepted), for any longer term than one " and thirty years or three lives." From and after this date, theretore, the contents of the Patent Rolls consist principally of Grants of Oflices and Pensions ; Cieations of Nobility ; and Letters Patent of Invention and Deniza- tion. Subsequent to tlie year 1725 the Appointments of Bishops, Congas d'Elire, and Writs of Restitution of Tem- poralities are enrolled on a distinct set of rolls called " Bishops' Patent Rolls." Inventory. 3 John to 45 Eliz. Printed. Reports II., App. IL, p. 7 ; III., App. II., p. 142 ; and VI., App. II., p. 203. Transcript infvll. 3 to 18 John. Printed, in 1 Vol. folio, with an Introduction, and Indices Nominum and Locoium. (The Introduction contnins also an Itinerary of King John.) Calendar. John to Edw. IV. Printed, in 1 Vol. folio, with Indices Kerum, Nominum, and Locorum. (This Calendar consists of selections only.) Do. 1 Hen. III. Printed. Report XKVL, App,, pp. 66-86. Do. 1 to 57 Hen. III. 3 Vols. MS. Do. 1 to 9 Edw. I. Printed. Reports XLII. to L. inclusive. Do. Edw. V. and Ric. III. Printed. Report IX., App. II., pp. 1-147. Calendars and Indexes. Edw. V. to 45 Vict. 56 Vols. MS. See also PALMER'S INDEXES. A List of the Creations of Peers and Baronets, from Richard III. to Charles I., compiled from the Indexes to the Patent Rolls, &c., is printed in the 47th Report, App., pp. 78-138. U 55672. C 34 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS— (continued). Close Rolls. 6 John to 1883. The Rotuli Litterarum Olaus.irutu or Close Eolls, which are so called in contra- distinction to the Rotuli Litterarum Patentium or Patent Rolls, contain the enrolments of all mandates, letters, and writs of a private nature ; that is to say, such as were addressed in the King's name to individuals, and were folded or closed up and sealed on the outside with the Great Seal; the Litterse Patentes being, on the other hand, addressed to all the King's liege subjects, and not folded up, but delivered open, with the Great Seal attached to the bottom. On the Close Rolls are enrolled documents of the most varied description, touching the royal prerogatives, the revenue, and the several branches of the judicature ; " such " as orders for the observance of treaties and truces, con- " cerning aids, subsidies, tallages, restitutions of possessions, " assignments of dower, and acceptances of homage ; for " the repairing, fortifying, and provisioning of castles ; " writs and mandates respecting the coin of the realm, " the affairs of the royal household, and the payment of " salaries and stipends ; commitments, pardons, and deli- " veries of State prisoners, &c. On the back of the rolls " are summonses to and prorogations of parliaments, great " councils, and convocations ; writs of summons for the " performance of military and naval services ; copies of " letters to foreign princes and states ; proclamations ; " prohibitions ; orders for regulating the coinage of the " kingdom, and the sale of wine and other necessaries ; " for receiving knighthood, providing ships, raising and " arraying forces, and furnishing provisions ; for paying " knights, citizens, and burgesses for attendance in par- " liament ; liveries and seizins of lands ; enrolments of " private deeds, of awards of arbitrators, and of various " other documents." [See Sir Thomas Hardy's admirable and exhaustive introduction to the printed volume of Close Rolls.] The more modern Close Rolls, that is to say, those from the reign of Henry VIII. to the present time, consist of the ordinary enrolments in Chancery, such as Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Conveyances, Disentailing Deeds, Deeds enrolled lor Safe Custody, Conveyances in Trust for Charitable Purposes, Recognizances, Specifications of In- ventions, Memorials of Annuities, Memorials of Assurance Companies, Certificates of Naturalization, Deeds relating to Change of Name, &c., &c. Of these enrolments the Recognizances' Memorials of Annuities, and Specifications of Inventions form distinct branches of the series of Close RoUs. See DEEDS ENROLLED. 85 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS— (continued). Inventary. John to Eliz. Printed. Reports II., App. II.. pp. 17-24 ; III., App. II., pp. 14«-151 : and IV., App. II., pp. 99-103. Transcript in full. 6 John to 1 1 Hen. III. Printed (with an Introduction and Indices Nominum and Locorum). 2 Vols, folio. Calendar. 12 Hen. III. Printed. Report XXVIL, App., pp. 48-93 Do. 13 Hen. III. to 3 Edw. I. ] 1 Vols. MS. Indexes. John to 1848. 84 Vols. MS. (From 1 Hen. III. to the end of Edw. IV. these vols, contain selections only.) See also PALMER'S INDEXES. Fine Rolls. John to 23 Charles I. The Rolls upon which were entered the sums of money (or other property, such as palfreys, harriers, falcons, &c.) offered to the King by way of oblation or fine for the passing or renewal of charters or grants, and for the enjoyment of lauds, offices, wardships, exemptions, liberties, privileges, and other marks of the royal favour, were called the Oblata or Fine Rolls. The first of these appellations feU into disuse after the reign of John, the latter only being thenceforward retained. There are " Oblata Rolls " for the first, second, third, and ninth years of King John ; and " Fine Rolls " for the sixth, seventh, fifteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth years of that reign. From that date to the year 1641, when it terminates, the series is, with one or two exceptions, complete. The Fine Rolls as documents of historical and genealogical importance rank next to the three great classes of Charter, Patent, and Close Rolls, to the latter of which, indeed, they bear some resemblance, many of the entries on the early Close Rolls belonging more properly to this series. By the entries on these rolls the receipt of fines or oblations appears to have constituted a great source of wealth to the Crown, no pretext being too trivial for the extortion of an apparently voluntary payment, and the royal favour and interference being solicited and obtained in matters of the most private nature, as, for instance, in cases of " conjugal infidelity" and in cases respecting the exercise of " matrimonial rights." The more general occa- sions on which fines were paid were, however, to procure grants and confirmations of liberties and franchises of various kinds, and of markets and fairs, free warren, &c. ; for exemptions from tolls, &c. ; for livery of lands ; for grants of wardships and marriages ; for licenses " alienandi et concordandi " ; for exoneration from knighthood ; for letters of safe conduct ; for pardons of trespasses and c 2 36 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS— (continued). misdemeanours ; and for the expedition of justice, the stopping or delaying of trials or judgments, and their removal from inferior tribunals to the King's Court. (.)n the Fine Rolls also were entered the patents for the appoint- ment of escheators, customers, comptrollers, searchers, and other officers in the gift of the Lord Treasurer ; writs for livery of lands on the heir attaining his majority, entitled " de homagio capto " ; writs " de custodia commissa " ; " de terris captis in manum regis " ; with writs " de diem clausit extremum," " ad quod damnum," and writs of inquiry on amortising lands, &c., &c. Inventory. 6 John to 23 Charles I. Printed. Report II., App. II., p. 24 ; and Report III., App. II., p. 136. Transcript in full. John. Printed. 1 Vol. 8vo, entitled '' Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus." Selections. Hen. III. Printed. 2 Vols. 8vo, entitled " Excerpta h Rotulis Finium." Do. 1 Edw. I. to 7 Edw. II. 5 Vols. MS. Calendar. Edw. V. to Car. I. (with Indices Locorum et Nominum). See " Palmer's Indexes," Vols. 75, 76, and 77. CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS). Almain Rolls. 22 Edw. I. to 15 Edw. III. A branch of the " Treaty Rolls " consisting of eight rolls relating to negotiations, alliances, treaties, &c. in Germany and Flanders. The rolls of Edward I. relate to negotiations between himself and Adolph King of the Romans, John Duke of Brabant, Guy Earl of Flanders, John Earl of Holland, &c. Those of Edward III. relate to the great confederacy formed by him against Philip of Valois in the prosecution of his claim to the crown of France. Inventory. Report II., App. II., p. 45. CAETJi Antiqu^e Rolls. Ethelbert to Edward I. These are the most ancient records of the Court of Chancery, and consist of Transcripts, made apparently in the 12th and 13th centuries, of grants and charters of various dates, from the reign of Ethelbert to that of Edward the First inclusive. Inventory. Report II., App. II., p. 1. Calendar and Index Locorum. Printed in " Ayloffe's Calendar of Ancient Charters," &c. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. See also the " Calendar of Royal Charters," printed in Report XXIX., App., pp. 7-48 ; and Report XXX., App., pp. 197-211. 37 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). Confirmation Rolls. 1 Ric. III. to I Car. I. Tliese rolls contain confirmations of Charters to cities, boroughs, or other corporate or politic bodies, and also to private indi- viduals. Before 1 fi.ic. III. confirmations are entered on the Charter and Patent Rolls, and subsequent to 1 Charles I. again on the Patent Rolls. Inventory. 1 Ric. HI. to 1 Car. I. Printed. Report IV., App. II., p. 101. Calendar. 1 Ric. III. to 1 Car. I. 1 Vol. MS. CONTEABREVIA ROLLS. See NOEMAN RoLLS. COEONATION Rolls. Edw. II. to Vict, 'i'hese contain the Commissions and proceedings of the Commissioners appointed to hear and determine claims of service to be performed at Coronations, and also the oath taken and the declaration made and signed by the King or Queen when crowned. The series is imperfect. Coronation Rolls existing for the following sovereigns only: — Edw. II., Hen. IV., Hen. V., James I., Charles II., James II., Wm. and Mary, Anne, George I., George II., George IV., William IV., and Victoria. Dispensation Rolls. 37 Elizabeth to 1747. These are the records of the Clerk of the Dispensations and Faculties in Chancery, and consist of enrolments of the confirmations of Bishops' Commendams, of Dispensations, and Notarial Faculties, and of Doctors' and Masters of Arts' degrees granted by the Archbishop of Canterbury. The office of Clerk of the Dispensations was abolished by Stat. 2 & 3 Wm. IV., c. Ill, and the duties transferred to tiie Secre- tary of Presentations. Exchange Rolls. 6 Richard II. to 12 Henry VI. The Exchange Rolls contain the licenses from the King to foreign merchants residing in England to give letters of exchange on their houses abroad, so that no gold or silver should pass out of the kingdom. They contain also a few licenses to go beyond the seas. There are four rolls only, the dates of which are respectively 6 to 17 Ric. IL, 2 to 14 Hen. IV., 1 & 2 Hen. VI., and 3 to 12 Hen. VI. Extract Rolls. 45 Henry III. to 6 Richard II. The Extract Rolls, or " Extracta Donationum," contain abstracts from the Charter, Patent, and other Rolls of gifts and grants from the Crown. (Two rolls apparently belonging to this series, found amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, Chancery, and containing " Extracta Donationum," from 3-8 Edw. II. ; and "Extracta Patentium," 8-9 Edw. 11, have been added to it.) Inventory. Report II., App. II., p. 37. as CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). French Rolls. 26 Henry III. to 26 Charles II. The French Rolls form a branch of an important series of en- rolments relating to Foreign Countries, which at the time of their deposit in the Tower of London were generally desciibed as " Treaty Rolls." In earlier periods they were, however, divided into the several classes of Almain, French, Norman, Vascon, Roman, Welsh, Irish, and Scotch Roils, according to the countries to which they respectively related. From the reign of Edward V. to that of Henry VII. these classes were reduced to two, namely the French and the Scotch Roils, and the latter being discontinued about the seventh year of Henry the Eighth, the French Rolls only continued to be made up after that date. On them, however, were enrolled diplomatic and other documents relating to European countries generally. The earliest French Roll is dated 16 Henry III., but the regular series does not begin till i Edward II., and during several years of that reign the French and Roman affairs are mixed, part of the French Roll being devoted to documents relating to Rome and vice versa. The earlier French Rolls contain all charters, grants, writs, mandates, and other documents relating to those provinces of France which were under the English rule ; those of a ' later date consisting chiefly of enrolments of treaties and negociations, commissions, powers and orders to ambas- sadors, and licenses for the mustering of ships' crews, and the transport of wines, &c. There are distinct rolls for the Provinces of Normandy and Grascony, described re- spectively as Norman, and Gascon or Vascon Rolls. The regular series of French rolls terminates with the 22nd year of James the First, the last document of this class consisting of an enrolment of the Treaties of Breda, and of the ratification thereof, dated 19 Charles II. and 26 Charles II. respectively. Inventory. 26 Hen, III. to 26 Car. II. Printed. Report II., App. II., p. 42 ; and Report III., App. II., p. 40. Calendar. John to Hen. VI. See " Carte's Catalogue of the Grascon, French, and Norman Rolls." Selections only. 2 Vols. Calendar. 1 to 10 Hen. V. Printed. Report XLIV App., pp. 545-638. See also FRANCE, ENGLISH POSSES- SIONS IN. Gascon Rolls. See Vascon Rolls. 39 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). Irish ^ Rolls. 1 to 50 Edward III. The " Rotuli Hiber- niae " or Irish Rolls, which were formerly deposited in the Tower, consist of three rolls, the first of which extends from the Ist to the 12th year of Edward the Third, and contains such Charters, Grants, and other documents which passed the Great Seal as relate to Ireland. The other two rolls contain " Memoranda de Hibernia " from the 47th to the 50th of Edward III. relating to the aid solicited by that King from his Parliament in Ireland, " to enable him to support the wars imdertaken for the " preservation and defence of that kingdom," and con- sisting of the Writs thereupon issued to the Archbishops, Bishops, and other magnates of the Realm, directing the election of re|)resentatives from every diocese, cnunty, city, and borough to appear before the King and his Council, with the returns thereto ; and of Articles of complaint against the King's ministers in that country, with the In- quisitions taken thereon, &o., &c. These two rolls are fully described and partially printed in " Ayloffe's ( 'alendars of Ancient Charters, &c." Liberate Rolls. 2 John to 14 Henry VI. The Liberate Rolls derive their name from the Writs of " Liberate," which are recorded on them. They consist of precepts to the Treasurer and other officers of the Exchequer to " Deliver " out of the Treasury such sums of money as Were required for the payment of pensions, salaries, and stipends, and for the various expenses of the State and of the Royal Household. They also contain Writs of " Allocate " and " Gomputate," directing sums of money to be " allowed " or " reckoned " in accounting with the several officers and ministers of the Crown and others ; and Writs to Sheriffs for the delivery of lands or goods which had been extended, &c. From 6 John to 9 Henry III. inclusive there are no Liberate Rolls, the Writs of that description being enrolled amongst the other writs on the Close Rolls. They recommence in the 10th year of Henry III., and are continued from that date to the 14th year of Henry VI., after which time no roll of that de- scription appears to have been made up. There are also Liberate Rolls from 10 Henry III. to 33 Edward I. amongst the Records of the Exchequer of Receipt (Pells). See also Norman Rolls and Vascon Rolls. The Liberate Rolls of King John, namely of the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th year of his reign, have been printed in full, together with the Misse Roll of the 11th and the Prsestita Roll of the 12th years of the same reign. Inventory. Report II., App. II,, p. 29. 40 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). Transcript in full. 2 to 5 John. Printed in 1 Vol. 8vo, entitled " Rotuli de Liberate ac de Mipis et Prses- titis." Ml s^ Roll. 11 John. This Roll contains an account of the daily expenses of the Court of King John during the 11th year of his reign. " The value of gold, silver, jewellery, " and arms ; the prices of robes, dresses, wines, provisions, " and the various other articles used in domestic economy ; " the presents made to distinguished individuals ; the salaries " and pensions to the Officers of State and others in the " Royal household ; the expenses of Ambassadors and " Messengers ; and the money bestowed in alms and obla- " tions are all registered on the Misse Roll with scrupulous " exactnes.s." This is the only Roll of its class now extant with the exception of one for the 14th year of King John, preserved amongst the Wabdkobb Accounts of the Exchequer, Q. R., which is printed in Cole's " Selec- tions from the Records of the Exchequer, Queen's Re- membrancer." Transcript in full. Printed in the volume entitled, " Rotuli de Liberate, ac de Misis et Prsestitis." NOEMAN Rolls. 2 John to 10 Henry V. The Norman Rolls contain the enrolments of-such Letters Patent, and Close, Writs, Mandates, and other instruments passing under the Great Seal, as related to the Duchy of Nor- mandy, whilst it was under the dominion of the English Crown ; and also of Chiroarraphs, Concords, and other documents executed in the King's Court of Exchequer at Caen. They also contain Treaties and other documents of a diplomatic character between the Kings of England and the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, &c. The series of Norman Rolls is very irregular, seven rolls only of the reign of King John being now in existence. These consist of a Charter Roll, a Liberate Rolls and an Oblata Roll for the second year of his reign ; two rolls called " Contra- brevia," containing entries similar to those in the Close Rolls, for the second and fourth years respectively; a Close Roll for the fifth year ; and for the sixth a roll en- titled " Rotulus deValore Terrarum Normannorum," which specifies the value of the lands in England, which were held by the Normans then in rebellion, and which thereby became escheated to the English Crown. In the fifth year of King John, Normandy becoming re-united to the Crown of France, the records relating to that province were discontinued until its invasion and re-coiiquest by Henry the Fifth, when the series recommences as " Norman Patent Rolls," and as such is continued to the 41 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). end of that King's reign. Between the reigns of John and Henry the Fifth there are, however, with the Norman Rolls two rolls dated respectively 46 & 47 Henry III. and 20 Edward III., the former of which consists of a few writs of Liberate issued during the King's absence in France and relating chiefly to his expenses there, the latter containing the Patents and Charters granted by Edward the Third whilst occupied in the siege of Calais, which consist chiefly of General Pardons and other rewards for services during the war with France. The Norman Rolls of the reign of Henry the Fifth consist principally of letters of safe-conduct and protection, grants and con- firmations of their estates to such as voluntarily surrendered to him or tO' his commanders, restitutions of their tempora- lities to such convents as recognized his authority, and of grants to his followers of the castles and estates of such Normans as were slain or remained in open rebellion, and of Grants of Offices, Commissions of Array, Presentations to ecclesiastical benefices, &c. In addition to the Norman Rolls the Patent and Charter Rolls of the first five years of King John contain numerous entries relating to the Anglo- French provinces ; and there are amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls of Chancery three rolls dated 21 Edw. I. relating to injuries done by the Normans to the King's subjects in Saintonge, Bayonne, the Cinque- i'orts, and elsewhere. There are also amongst the Exchequer Records a collection of Norman Pipe Rolls of various dates from 30 Henry II. to King John. These are placed with the Pipe Rolls, and have been printed in full by the Society of Antiquaries. The Norman Rolls from 2 John to 5 Hen. V. have been printed in full by Sir Thos. Hardy under the direction of the Record Commissioners ; and to those from 6 to 10 Hen. V. a calendar has been made and printed in Report XLL, App. I., pp. 671-810; and Report XLIL, App., pp. 313- 472. Reference to tliese Rolls will also be found in Carte's " Catalogue des Rolles Gascons, Normands, et Frangais," in 2 Vols, folio. Oblata Rolls. See Fine Rolls (p. 35). Pardon Rolls. 22 Edward I. to 2 James I. These contain the enrolments of General Pardons granted between the foregoing dates. General and Special Pardons and Pardons for Alienation are also entered on the Patent Rolls. (A roll of pardons from 7 to 11 Hen. VIII., found amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, Chancery, has been added lo this series.) Inventory, Report II., App. II., p. 36 ; and Report III., App. 11, p. 139. 42 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). Passage Rolls. A roll entitled " Rotulus Passagii," con- taining mandates to the " Custodes Passagii " in the various ports to permit the persons therein specified to go beyond the seas. 14-15 Edw. III. [Misc. Rolls, Chancery, No. -i|-.] A similar roll for the years 1-2 Eic. II. [ Do., No. V«.] See also Viagii Rotulus. PEiESTiTA Roll. On the Prsestita Roll, so called from the word prcBstitum, were entered the sums of money which issued out of any of the Royal Treasuries by way of imprest, advance, or accommodation, and which had to be repaid or otherwise accounted for. This is the only roll of the kind amongst the Chancery enrolments, but other rolls of a similar character exist amongst the Miscellanea of the Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Transcript in full. Printed in the vol. entitled " Ro- tuli de Liberate, ac de Misis et Praestitis." Protection Rolls. 10 to 34 Edw. I. These consist of four rolls containing the enrolments of Letters of Protec- tion granted to such persons as were about to proceed to the wars in Scotland and elsewhere on the King's service. There is also amongst the Vascon Rolls a roll of Protections dated 22 Edward I. Redisseisin Rolls. 14 Edward I. to 39 Henry VI. These contain the Writs to Sheriffs for the restoration of persons to lands, &o. of which they had been unlavrf"ully dispossessed, and in respect of which judgments had been obtained in actions of novel disseisin. There was also amongst the " Miscellaneous Rolls " a Redisseisin Roll dated 1-6 Edw. IV. (now added to this series). Transcripts of these writs were sent into the Exchequer and enrolled on the " Oeiginalia Rolls." The contents of the Redisseisin Rolls are almost entirely reproduced in the " Rotulo- rum Originalium Abbreviatio," printed by the Record Commissioners. Roman Rolls. 34 Edward I. to 31 Edward III. The Roman Rolls form a branch of the so-called " Treaty Rolls," and consist chiefly of letters to various Popes and Cardi- nals touching the ecclesiastical affairs of the kingdom. Matters relating to Roman affairs will also be found on the French Rolls during the reign of Edward the Second and vice versa. Inventory. 34 Edw. I. to 31 Edw. III. Printed. Re- port II., App. II., p. 45. See also " Carte's Catalogue of Gascon Rolls, &c.," Vol II. 48 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). Scotch Rolls. 19 Edward I. to 7 Henry VIII. The " Rotuli Scotise " or Scotch Rolls form a branch of the series formerly known as " Treaty Rolls," and contain the enrolments of negotiations, treaties, and truces between the kingdoms of England and Scotland ; of documents relating to the disputed succession to the Crown of Scot- land on the death of Margaret of Norway ; to the claims of Kdward I. as superior Lord of Scotland, and the contest between Balliol and Bruce and the other competitors to the Scottish throne ; of precepts to the Lords Marchers and others for levying troops, orders for garrisoning, forti- fying, and victualling castles, and other preparations for the wars with Scotland ; of negotiations relating to pri- soners of wa» and their ransom ; letters of protection and safe-conduct ; grants of estates, &c. to Scottish partisans ; attainders and pardons ; orders for raising money by levy- ing customs and other duties ; licenses to English and Scottish merchants ; grants of bene6ces ; and other docu- ments of a miscellaneous nature relating to Scottish affairs. See also the " Homage Rolls " and " Scottish Docu- ments" described under the heading SCOTLAND. Transcript in full. Printed by the Record Commis- sioners in 2 Vols, folio, with Indexes of names and places. Calendar. Printed in '' Ayloffe's Calendar of Ancient Charters, &c." Specification Rolls. See SPECIFICATIONS OP PATENT INVENTIONS. Staple Rolls. 27 Edw. HI to 39 Hen. VI. Three rolls, formerly deposited amongst the Records in the Tower of London, contain the appointments of Mayors and Constables of the Staple in various towns, Licenses to transport wools, &c. from one town to another, and other orders and pro- clamations relating to the business of the Staple. The first of these rolls contains also the " Ordinatio Stapulorum " or " Statute of the Staples " of 27 Edw. Ill, which is printed in " Statutes of the Realm," Vol. 1, p. 332. See also STATUTE STAPLE. Statute Rolls. 6 Edw. I. to 8 Edw. IV. These are Records of Chancery on which were entered the several Statutes when drawn up in form, for the purpose of being proclaimed and published ; the Statutes being framed upon such original Petitions and Answers, or entries thereof on the Parliament Rolls, as related to Public Concerns. The regular series of Statute Rolls consists of six rolls extending from 6 Edw. I. to 8 Edw. IV., with an inter- ruption from 8 to 23 Henry VI. 44 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). Statute Rolls — (continued). There is evidence of the existence of Statute Rolls of a later date than 8 Edward IV., for the Statutes from that date to 4 Henry VII. inclusive are inserted iu the early Printed editions in a form manifestly copied from complete Statute Rolls, and similar copies are found in several Manuscript collections ; but there is reason to conclude that the making up of the Statute Roll entirely ceased with the Session 4 Henry VII., as no such roll of a later date, nor any evidence of the existence thereof, has been discovered. It may be observed that in the following Session, that of 7 Henry VII., Public Acts were for the first time printed from the several Bills passed in Parliament, and not as part of one general Statute drawn up in the ancient form. In addition to the six rolls above mentioned there are amongst the Tower Records Transcripts of Statutes, appa- rently sent into the Chancery for the purpose of being exemplified under the Great Seal, which supply the defi- ciency of the Statute Roll for certain periods. These have been incorporated, for convenience of reference, with the Statute Rolls, which now consist of 1 1 Rolls or Bundles, as follows : — Edw. I, II., and III. {Old No. I.) 12 Edw. I. " Stat. WallifB." ( Transcript.^ 1-21 Ric. II. 1 21 Ric. II. y {Old No. II.) (Dupl.)J 13 Richard II. {Transcript.) Henry IV. and Henry V. {Old No. III.) 1-8 Henry VI. (Old No. IV.) 9-20 Henry VI ( Transcripts.) 9, 15, 18, and 20 Hen. VI. ( Transcripts.) 25-39 Henry VI. {Old No. V.) 1-8 Edward IV. ( Old No. VI) N.B. The foregoing Rolls and Transcripts are all printed in the "Statutes of the Realm." See PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS. SuEKENDER RoLLS. 12 to 20 Charles II. These are seven rolls containing Surrenders of Offices and Fee-Farm Rents, with a few Conveyances of lands, &c. from private individuals to the Crown. They are calendared in the volume entitled " Eotuli Regis Caroli, &c." No. 868 Statute Roll, No. 869. Do. No. 870. No. 871. Do. Do. No. 872. No. 873, Do. Do. No. 874. No. 875. No. 876. Do Do. Do. No. 877. No, 878, Do. Do. 45 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued). See also " SpECIFI0ATIO^f AND Surrender Rolls," described under the title of SPECIFICATIONS OP PATENT INVENTIONS. Treaty Eolls. See French Rolls. Vascon Rolls. 26 Henry III. to 7 Edward IV. The Vascon or Gascon Rolls form a branch of the series of Rolls preserved in the Tower of London, relating to the affairs of the French provinces and other foreign countries, and generally known as Treaty Roll?. They contain Treaties, Truces, Orders, Summonses, letters of safe- conduct and protection, and Grants of offices, lands, &c. relating to Gascony, whilst that province was under the dominion of the Kings of England. The earliest Vascon Eolls are of the 26th, 27th, and 39th years of Henry the Third, but tlie regular series does not begin till 3 Edward I., from whicli period it extends to the seventh year of Edward IV. There are also amongst the regular series of Charter and Patent Rolls, rolls relating to the affairs of Gascony, and also containing such Charters and Grants as were made by the King when in France, dated 37 & 38 and 39 Henry III. respectively. See also the "Gascon Petitions," &c., described under the title PRANCE, ENGLISH POSSESSIONS IN. Selections from the Vascon Rolls are printed by Carte in his " Catalogue des RoUes Gascons, Norroands, et Fran9ais." Transcript in full. 26 to 38 Hen. III., entitled "Roles " Gascons, transcrits et publics par Francisque Michel. " Tom. I. A.D. 1242-1254." ViAGii EoTULUS. 1 to 11 Henry IV. A roll so called (now deposited with the Patent Rolls), containing Orders for the provision of ships, men, and victuals for the King's service, letters of safe-conduct, pardons, commissions to ambassa- dors, and other documents of a similar nature, relating principally to the wars with Scotland and France. " Watson's Roll." A Patent Roll of divers years of Elizabeth, containing certain grants and other instru- ments which had been kept in his possession by one Watson, a clerk of the Great Seal between the 30th and 40th years of Elizabeth, on whose death they were found and enrolled. It is now placed with the regular series of the Patent Rolls. (Indexed in the volume entitled " De diversis annis.") Welsh Rolls. 5 Edward I. to 23 Edward I. The Welsh Rolls commence with the proceedings relating to the Treaty between Edward I. and Llewellyn, Prince of Wales, con- cluded at Aberconway in the year 1277. From that date 46 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS) — (continued), ihey contain all the instruments which passed the Great Seal touching the Principality and its Marches, until that country was thoroughly subdued and incorporated with England. For the « Statutes of Wales," 12 Edward I., see Statute Rolls. Calendar. 5 to 23 Edw. I. See " Ayloffe's Calendar of Ancient Charters, &c." CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (PALATINATE OP CHESTER). Patent oe Remembrance Rolls of the Palatinate OF Chestbk, called "Recognizance Rolls." 1 Edw. II. to 1 Will. IV. These Rolls contain the enrolments of Charters, Letters Patent, Fines, Deeds, Wills, and other important matters relating to the Palatinate. They appear to have been denominated " Recognizance Rolls " because the recognizances for debt are generally entered on the first membrane. Inventory. Report XXI., App., pp. 27-32. Alphabetical Calendar. Printed in Reports XXXVI., XXXVII., and XXXIX. CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (PALATINATE OP DURHAM). Chanceey Rolls of the Palatinate of Dueham. From the Pontificate of Bishop Bury to that of Bishop Maltby. 1333 to 1836. [Cursitor's Records, Nos. 29 to 134.] These rolls contain enrolments of the recognizances of debts in the Chancery of Durham, of Letters Patent, Charters, Pleas and Processes, Commissions, Pardons, Grants of Wardship and other Grants, Licenses to Alienate, Inquisitions, Private Deeds, Leases, Releases, &nd other documents of a similar nature. Calendars of these Rolls from the commencement to the end of James I. have been printed as follows : — Report XXXL, App. I., pp. 42-168. Bps. Bury and Hatfield (1333-1366). Report XXXIL, App. I., pp. 265-330. Bps. Hatfield and Fordham (1366-1388). Report XXXIII., App. I., pp. 43-210. Bps. Skirlaw and Langleyr(1388-1437). Report XXXIV., App. I., pp. 163-264. Bp. Neville (1438-1457). Report XXXV., App. I., pp. 76-156. Bps. Booth and Dudley (1457-1483). 47 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (PALATINATE OP DURHAM)— (continued). Report XXXVI., App. I., pp. 1-160. Bps. Sherwood, Fox, Severs, Bainbridge, Rushall, and Wolsey (1485- 1529). Report XXXVII., App. I., pp. 1-171. Bps. Tunstall, Barnes, Hutton, and Matthew (1530-1606). Report XL., App., pp. 480-520. Bp. James (1606-1617). Ineolments of Deeds. Phil. & Mary and Elizabeth. A bundle of 33 Instruments. l^Ciirsitor's Records, No. 156.] Do. 5 to 36 Elizabeth. A bundle of 126 Instruments. [Cursitor's Records, No. 155.] CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (PALATINATE OP LANCASTER). Patent Rolls. No. 1. 5-11 Palatinate (4-10 Ric. II.). No. 2. John of Gaunt and Hen. IV. No. 3. 1-7 Hen. IV. No. 4. 11-13 Hen. VI. No. 5. 14-18 No. 6. 20-22 „ No. 7. 23-28 „ No. 8. 1-5 Hen. VII. No. 9. 17-20 „ No. 10. 21 „ Calendar. Report XL., App., pp. 521-545. Close Rolls. No. 1. 11-14 Hen. IV. No. 2. 31-36 Hen. VI. No. 3. 1-9 Edw. IV. Calendar. Report XXXVIL, App., pp. 172-179. The following Chancery Rolls of the Palatinate of Lan- caster, are deposited with the Miscellaneous Records of the Duchy of Lancaster : — Letters Patent, Letters Close, Charters, and Fines, Rolls of. 4 Henry, D. of Lancaster. 1 roll. [Duchy of Lane, Div. xxv., A. 2 6.] 4-1 1 Henry, D. of Lancaster. 1 roll. \I)o., Div. XXV,, A. 3 a.J 1-12 John, D. of Lancaster. 1 roll. [Do., Div. XXV., A. 6.] 1-2 Henry IV. (fragment). 1 roll. [Do., Div. XXV., Z. 9 (6).] 48 CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (PALATINATE OP LANCASTER)- (continued). Lettees Patent, &c., Eolls of — (continued). 3-12 Henry IV. 1 roll. [Duchy of Lane, Div. xxv., A. 7.] 1-10 Henry V. 1 roll. [Do., Div. XXV., A. 8.] 1-18 Henry VI. 1 roll. [Do., Div. XXV., K l.j Calendar. Report XXXII., App. I., pp. 331-365 ; and Report XXXIII., App. L, pp. 1-42. Letters Patent, Waeeants, Geants, Leases and Commissions, Rolls of. 19-39 Henry VL 22 rolls. [Duchy of Lane, Div. xxv., Y. 2 to Y. 2 w.'\ 1-11 Edward IV. 11 rolls. [Do., Div. XXV., X. 1 to X. \\ {First Portion.y] 12-17 Edward IV. 6 rolls. [Do., Div. XXV., X.\2 to X. 17. {Second Portion.)'] Waeeants, Rolls of (eelating to Offices and Mattees of Revenue). 12-18 Edward IV. 6 rolls. [Do., Dio. XXV., X. \2 to X. IS. {Third Portion.y] Indentuees, Leases, Homages, &c., Rolls of, 19-39 Henry VI. 1 roll. [Do., Div. XXV., Y. 3 (1).] 1-18 Edward IV. 5 rolls. [Do., Div. XXV., X. I to X. 5 a. {Fourth Portion.)] Peesentations, Rolls of. 19-38 Henry VI. 1 roll. [Do., Div. XXV., Y. 3 (2).] 1-17 Edward IV. 2 rolls. [Do., Div. XXV., X.l a and X. 2 I. {Fifth Portion.)] CHANCERY PILES. The documents originally preserved " in Filaciis " or on the Files of Chancery, consisted of warrants for, or dupli- cates of, the original Writs, Letters, Mandates, &c. issued by the authority of the Lord Chancellor under the Great or the Privy Seal, most of which were subsequently enrolled on the Patent, Close, and Fine Eolls, or on the Treaty Rolls, Pardon Rolls, Protection Rolls, and other Miscel- laneous Rolls of the Court of Chancery. 49 CHANCERY FILES— (continued). The more important, of these documents appear to have been removed at various times, and formed into distinct classes, such as the Royal Letters, Privy Seals, &c., the residue consisting principally of Writs of Certiorari and other Writs returnable into Chancery, Judicial Writs of various kinds. Writs and other documents relating to proceedings under the Statute Staple, and of Warrants for Pardons, Protections, and Safe-Conducts, with other documents of minor importance. Chancery Files. (Tower Series.) The Tower Series of Chancery Files extends in date from the reign of Edward I. to that of Charles II., and their present contents may be briefly summarized as follows : — Writs of {hree kinds, i.e., (1.) Writs Judicial, including: — Writs of Attachment ; „ Scire Facias ; „ Subpoena ; „ Corpus cum Causa ; „ Assumpsit ; „ Levari facias ; „ de Custodia Pacis; „ de Odio et Atia ; „ Distringas. (2.) Writs of Certiorari wini the Eeturns THERETO. (3.) Writs Enrolled, consisting of : — Writs of Allocate and Liberate ; „ Dedimus Potestatem ; „ Mort d' Ancestor ; „ Novel Disseisin ; ,, Prascipe quod reddat ; „ Appointment of Coroners, Verderers,&c. „ Appointment of Justices of Assize. Letters Patent (Original and Cancelled). Letters and Warrants of Attorney. Warrants and Letters for Pardon, Protection, and Safe-Conduct. Writs, Recognizances and other Proceedings on THE Statute Staple. Chajstcery Files. (Petty Bag Office Series), or "Brevia Regia." The Bundles of " Brevia Regia," formerly in the Petty Bag Office, whicli extend in date from 41 Elizabeth to 16 Victoria, are very similar in nature to the " Chancery TI 55672. D 50 CHANCERY PILES— (continued). File?," of which they may in fact be said to form a continuation. These contain Writs of Certiorari with the Returns thereto ; Writs of Scire Facias ; of ad quod Damnum ; of Dedimus Potestatem (to swear Masters Extraordinary in Chancery, Justices of the Peace, Sheriffs, &c.) ; Writs for electing Coroners, Verderers, and Regarders of Forests ; Writs of Summons to Serjeants-at-Law ; &c., &c. Indexes. Jas. I. to 16 Vict. 10 Vols. MS. Chancery Files. (Rolls Chapel Office Series). Documents of a nature very similar to the foregoing will also be found amongst the Miscellaneous Bundles from the Rolls Chapel Office, formerly known as the " Arrow Bundle," the " Horn Bundle," and so on, which no doubt originally constituted a branch of the Chancery Files. CHANNEL ISLANDS. Channel Islands, Documents relating to the (Chancery). The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, &c. (Bundle 2.) No. 1. A roll of Inquisitions relating to Tenures, in the Island of Jersey. 2 Bdw. I. TSTo. 2. A similar roll for the Island of Guernsey. 2 Edw. I. No. 3. Preaentments of Jurors in various parishes in Jersey and Guernsey, with Transcripts of Charters relating to the Liberties of the Island of Guernsey. Temp. Bdw. I. No. 4. The Petition of the inhabitants of Jersey against the Ministers of the King and of Otto Grandison. 2 Edw. II. No. 5. A roll of similar petitions addressed to the King and Oonncil. 2 Edw. II. No. 6. A Transcript of the King's Writs, &c. relating to the Pleas and complaints against his ministers and those of Otto Grandison. [The Pleas, together with these Writs are enrolled in full on the Assize Rolls.] 2 Edw. II. No. 7. A Transcript of Proceedings before the Bailiff, &c. of Jersey, relating to the Manor of Wyncelays. 9 Edw. [III.] No. 8. Inquisitions concerning manors. Lands, Advowsons, &c. in Jersey, which ought to be escheated to the king. 7 Hen. VIII. Do. (Exchequer, Q. R.). Edward III. to Elizabeth. These consist of Accounts, Extents, and Inquisitions relating to the Issues of the aforesaid Islands, and to their rights, privileges, and customs, respecting which very minute information is given. Nearly the whole of these belong to the reign of CHANNEL ISLANDS— (continued). Edward III. Many similar documents will be found amongst the Miscellanea of the Treasury of the Receipt. Descriptive Slips. Assize Rolls relating to the Channel Islands, from Edw. I. to Edw. III., will be found amongst the Records of the Queen's Bench Crown Side, described under the head of JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. CHARITIES. Charitable Uses, Peoceedings relating to (Chancery, Petty Bag Office). These consist of — 1. Commissions, Inquisitions, and Decrees of Commis- sioners appointed under the Statute 43 Eliz, to inquire respecting lands given to Charitable Uses. 43 Eliz. to 8 Geo. II. 60 Bundles. 2. Inrolments of the Confirmations and Exonerations of Decrees by the said Commissioners. 8 Jas. I. to 1743. . 37 Parts or Rolls. 3. Depositions, Interrogatories, &c. 23 Bundles. 4. Exceptions, Answers, and Replications to Decrees. 21 Bundles. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. Charitable Trusts, Petitions and Reports on, &c. A volume entitled "Corporation Reports," 1836 to 1846, amongst the Reports and Certificates of the Court of Chancery, contains Reports by the Masters in Cliancery relating to Charitable Trusts in various Boroughs through- out England, arranged alphabetically under the names of the Boroughs or " Corporations." Index. 1 Vol. MS. There is also a set of Petitions for the appointment of Charity Trustees, with an Index in 1 Vol. MS. Schemes for the Administration of Charities will also be found amongst the Masters' Reports in Chancery. Charities, Trust Deeds relating to. Enrolled on the Close Rolls of Chancery subsequent to Statute 9 Geo. II. cap. 36. Calendar. 9 Geo. II. to 1865. Printed as an Appendix to the Deputy Keeper's Thirty-second Report. Charitable Uses, &o., Inquisitions and Decrees RESPECTING. (PaLATINATE OF LANCASTER.) Commonwealth to George I. 1 Bundle. 52 CHAEITIES— (continued). Minute Book of Commissioners appointed to in- QUIKE INTO THE EXECUTION OF THE LaWS FOK THE Relief of the Pooe and the Administration of Gifts for Pious Uses. 1631. [S.P. Dom. Car. I. Vol. 213.] Orphan's Fund. Accounts of the Chamberlains of the Citt of London. 1694 to 1826. [Audit Office, "Declared Accounts." Bundles, 1907 to 1921.] CHARTERS AND GRANTS (ROyAL). The term Charters, or Cartse, was originally applied to deeds of gift and covenants between private persons, and signified any deed or writing by which lands, tenements, or privileges were conveyed from one person to another. The Royal Charter on the other hand was the instrument employed by the sovereign in granting liberties, privileges, immunities and exemptions, and also lands, tenements, and other possessions, both to private individuals, and to towns and other corporate bodies. Like the Letters Patent — from which they were distinguished by being always executed in the presence of witnesses, and also by a slight variation in the form of the address, that of the Charter being " To all Archbishops, Bishops, Abbots, Priors, Earls, Barons, &c. greeting," whilst that of the Patent was, " To all to whom these Presents shall come," — the Royal Charters were passed under the Great Seal, and from 1 John to 8 Henry VIII. were enrolled on a dis- tinct set of rolls, denominated Charter Rolls. From the latter date, the Charter Rolls were discontinued, all grants from the Crown being thenceforward made in the form of Letters Patent, and enrolled with other instru- ments passing the Great Seal on the Patent Rolls. The Royal Charters were of two kinds : 1. Original Charters, referring to lands, tenements, and liberties not before granted. 2. Charters of Confirmation, or of Inspeximus and Con- firmation, the first of which simply confirmed previous grants without reciting them ; whilst the second recited the previous charters verbatim, — each recital being pre- ceded hy the words " Inspeximus quandam cartam in hec verba " — and then ratified and confirmed them, sometimes with additional liberties and privileges. Grants from the Crown of Lands, Tenements, Honours, Dignities, Annuities, Pensions, Wardships, Liberties, and Privileges, together with Crown Leases, Licenses of various kinds, and at a later period. Charters of Incor- poration, &c., were made in the form of Letters Patent, 53 CHARTERS AND GRANTS (ROYAL)— (continued;, and enrolled on the Patent Rolls of the Court of Chancery or on the several Records of the Court of Exchequer, relating to the Revenues of the Crown. Until the fifth year of Richard II. no enrolment or exemplification could be received in evidence in either of the King's Courts, the production of the original instru- ment under the Great Seal being always required. Owing, however, to the tumults and insurrections in the Kingdom, many persons having been deprived by fire or otherwise of their deeds and evidence?, it was in that year enacted that persons so situated should have copies or " exemplifications " under the Great Seal of such Charters, Deeds, and Muniments as were enrolled in the several courts, such exemplifications to have the full force and effect of the original documents. It was not, however, till the reign of Edward the Sixth that an Act of Parliament was passed rendering an exemplification, con- stat, or enrolment of all Letters Patent granted since the 27th year of Henry VIII. of the same force and effect, and as valid as the original Patent, which Act was con- firmed and amplified by Elizabeth in the 13th year of her reign. From that time to the present, the Courts have not only received copies of enrolments made since 27 Henry Vlll. as evidence, but also attested copies of all records made at any time before that period. The power of the Crown to dispose of its Land Revenue by Grant was limited by the Statute 1 Anne, cap. 7, which, whilst providing for the Civil List of that reign, enacted that no grant shall be made of any manors, lands, tenements, rents, tithes, woods, or other hereditaments (advowsons of churches and vicarages only excepted), whether belonging to the Crown in right of the Crown of England, or as part of the Principality of Wales, or of the Duchy or County Palatine of Lancaster, for any longer term than thirty-one years, or three lives. This, however, did not disable the Crown from granting away or restoring estates forfeited for treason or felony, or acquired by purchase from the Privy Purse, or otherwise privately obtained. The follov/ing are the principal classes of records on which the eni-olments of Grants and Charters are to be found : — Chancery. 1. The Caet^e Antique Rolls which contain tran- scripts of Charters and Grants from the time of Ethelbert to the reign of Edward L 54 CHARTERS AND GRANTS (ROYAL)— (continued). Chancery — (continued). 2. The Charter Eolls from 1 John to 8 Hen. VIII. (Subsequent to 8 Hen. VIII. the Charters are enrolled on the Patent Rolls.) 3. The Confirmation Rolls from 1 Eic. III. to 1 Oar. I. (Before 1 Eic. III. the Confirmations of Charters are enrolled on the Charter and Patent EoUs, and subsequent to the latter date, again on the Patent EoUs.) 4. The EXTRACTA DONATIONTJM Or EXTEACT ROLLS from 45 Hen. III. to 6 Eic. II. 5. The Patent EoLLsfrom 3 John to 43 Victoria. See CHANCERY ENROLMENTS. For Leases of Crown Lands, and Sales of Fee-Farm Rents, see also LEASES and CROWN LANDS AND RENTS respectively. Exchequer. 1. The Originalia and Memoranda Eolls. Transcripts of all Grants, Leases, &c., in which any rent was reserved, or for which any service was to be rendered to the Crown, were transmitted to the Exchequer for enrolment on the " Originalia Rolls," in order that such rents or payments might be duly put in charge by the officers of that Court, and enrolments of Charters and Grants are frequently to be found on the " Memoranda Rolls," both of the Queen's Remembrancer and of the Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer, and also on the Great Eolls of the Exchequer or " Pipe Eolls." 2. The Patent and Privy Seal Books and Eolls. Grants of Offices, Annuities, Pensions, and all Letters Patent authorising any payment to be made at the Eeceipt of the Exchequer since the beginning of the reign of Henry VIII., are entered or enrolled in the Patent and Privy Seal Books and Eolls of the Pells' and Auditors' Departments. See RECEIPTS AND ISSUES OP THE EXCHEQUER. Grants and Charters under the Seals of the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall and of the Palatinates of Chester, Durham, and Lancaster form distinct series of enrolments. There are also amongst the Miscellanea various collec- tions of Eoyal Charters and Letters Patent, both originals and transcripts, a list of which is given below ; as also of the " Particulars for Grants " and " Transcripts op Grants " amongst the Eecords of the late Augmentation Office and elsewhere. 55 CHARTERS AND GRANTS (ROYAL)— (continued). Various Collections. Charters and Letters Patent, Original and Tran- scripts. (Ohancert.) The following are amongst the " Miscellaneous Kolls, &c. " (Chancery) : — Grants and Letters Patent of Queen Philippa, from 4 to 10 Edw. III. No. fl-. A file of Grants and Claims of Markets and Fairs, Free Warren, &o. John to Hen. VI. Bundle 6. [ The latter is calendared in Palmer's Indexes, Vol. 106.] Do. (Exchequer, Q. R.) Henry I. to James I. Two bundles entitled " Deeds (Vaeious)^' containing, inter alia, very early Transcripts of Royal Charters to Religious Houses, &c. with a few original Charters of a similar description. The Deeds in this collec- tion will eventually be added to Ancient Deeds, Series D. Descriptive Slips. Do. (Exchequer, Q. R.) Edward VI. to George I. A few documents only, relating principally to the Jointures of Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., and o£ Catherine of Portugal, the Queen of Charles II. Several of these are splendidly illuminated. Descriptive List. Report XX., App., p. 146. Do. (Exchequer, Augmentation Office.) Two large volumes entitled " CnARTiE Antique DiYBRSORUM Regum," Ric. II. to Car. II., containing original Royal Charters of various dates, Transcripts of Papal Bulls, and other documents relating to the several Religious Houses. {Misc. Books, Vols. 29 and 30.] Do. (Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt.) Transcripts of Charters are contained in the two volumes known as the " Registrum Munimentorum." See REGISTERS AND BOOKS OP REMEM- BRANCE. There is also amongst the Chapter House Records an original Charter of Alfonso, King of Castile, dated 1 Nov. 1254, conferring knighthood on Prince Edward, the eldest son of Henry III. This is finely illuminated and has a golden seal attached. Many Transcripts of Charters and Grants relating to Religious Foundations are also to be found amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Chapter House. These are described under the hend of MONASTIC FOUNDATIONS, &c. 56 CHARTERS AND GRANTS (ROYAL)-(continue(l). Grants, Particulars for, &c. GrEANTS, PaETIOULAES FOE. (ExCHEQUEE, AUGMENTA- TION Office.) Henry VIII. to James I., and Miscellaneous. These consist of the " Requests to Purchase " which were addressed in writing to the Comraissioners appointed for the Sale of the possessions of the late dissolved Monas- teries, and of other lands in the hands of the Crown, by all persons «rishing to acquire any portion of such lands, accom- panied by " Particulars " of the property required, giving a full description o£ the premises and their value, stating to what monastery or individual they had belonged before being seized into the King's hands, what leases, if any, had been made thereof, and what fines were payable thereon. These particulars were examined by the Officers of the Crown, who certified to their correctness, whereupon the " fiat dimissio " was issued. They are contained in 36 portfolios. Inventory. Henry VIII. Printed. Report IX., App. 11., pp. 148-232, and Report X., App. II., pp. 223- 309. Arranged alphabetically under the names of the Grantees. Index Locorum. Henry VIII. 4 Vols. MS. Calendar and Index Locorum. Edw. VI. 3 Vols. MS. Do. do. Ph. & Mary to James I. 2 Vols. MS. Particulars for Grants of the Manor of Boxley and others, in Kent, to Thos. Wyatt. Henry VIII. {Misc. Books, Vol. 156.] Do. (Miscellanea, Exchequer Q. R.) Edward VI. to James I. These are of a similar nature to the Particulars for Grants amongst the Records of the Court of Augmentations, many of them being Books or Portions of Books of Enrolment of such Particulars. Descriptive Slips. Do. (EXCHEQUEE, Te. OF THE RECEIPT.) Edward VI. 2 vols., with an Index in 1 vol. These relate chiefly to the Possessions of Colleges and Chantries. [Misc. Books, Vols. A-^, A^, and A^.] Do. (State Papee Office). Charles I. 13 cases. See printed " Calendars of State Papers." Geants op Offices, Paeticulars foe. (Augmenta- tion Office.) See OFFICES AND APPOINTMENTS. 57 CHARTERS AND GRANTS (ROYAL)— (continued;. Grants, Particulars for, &c.— (continued). Grants, Transcripts op. (Exchequer, Augmentation Office.) Edward VI. to Chas. I. Five volumes, containing copies, on paper, of various Grants and Indentures. [Misc. Books, Vols. 151 to 155.] Grants op Arms. 1509 to 1583 and 1647. A case containing a few original Grants of Arms, some of which are finely illuminated. [S. P. Dom. Various Vol. 1.] Grants of Land in the Colonies. Tliese are registered in the Offices of the Secretaries of the several Colonies. The following volumes, containing entries of such grants will be found amongst the Colonial Office Eecords : — Grants of Land.— Carolina. 1674 to 1765. [Col. Entry Books, Vol. 23.] „ „ New York. 1665 to 1765. [Col. Entry Books, Vol. 71.] 5, „ To Discoverers in America. From Henry VII. [Col. Papers, America and West Indies, Vol. 627.] „ „ North Carolina. 1725 to 1760. [Board of Trade Papers, Carolina, No7-th, Vol. 42.] „ Georgia. 1760 to 1768. [Board of Trade Papers. Georgia, Vol. 52.] „ „ Jamaica. 1754. "List of Land- holder?." [Board of Trade Papers, Jamaica, Vol. 148.] „ „ Plantations General. 1752 to 1771. [Board of Trade Papers, Plantations General, Vol. 57.] CHARTERS AND GRANTS OP THE DUCHY OP LANCASTER. KoTAL Charters. William II. to Henry VII. 9 boxes. Calendar. William II. to Kichard II. Printed. Eeport XXXI., App., pp. 1-41. This Calendar refers to those Charters only which passed the Great Seal of England. When not otherwise referred to in the Calendar as " Ancient Transcripts," the Original Charters, with, in most cases, the Great Seal attached, are indicated. Do. William II. to Edward III. 3 vols. MS. called " The Register of Royal Charters." a 8 CHARTERS AND GRANTS OP THE DUCHY OP LANCASTER— (continued). The Great Cowchers, or "CABTiE Kegum." Henry III. to Richard II. Two large and handsomely illuminated volumes, con- taining enrolments of Charters and Grants relating to the possessions of the Duchy between the foregoing dates, together with Perambulations and Pleas of the Forests in Lancashire and Yorkshire. A duplicate of the first of these volumes exists amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Exchequer, Q. E. (Vol. 8) ; the handwriting is, however, apparently of a much earlier period than that of the Great Cowchers, and the whole volume is splendidly rubricated. It is described on the fly-leaf as " Liber Johannis May- nard," by whom it is stated to have been delivered into Court on the 2nd June, 26 Charles II. Calendar and Index. 2 vols., MS. Grants, Registers of, as follows : — John to Edward IV. 9 vols. (Div. xi., Nos. 1\ to 19.) Calendars and Indices Locorum in two vols., entitled, "Abstracts and Indexes of Registers." Richard III. 1 vol. {Div. xi.. No. 20.) Calendar at the commencement of the vol. Henry VII. 1 vol. {Div. xi, No. 21.) Calendar at the commencement of the vol. Henry VIII. 1 vol. {Div. xi.. No. 22.) Index in the vol. entitled, " Index to Patents, Hen. Vin. to 1760." Edw. VI. and Phil, and Mary. 1 vol. {Div. xi., No. 23.) Index in the vol. entitled, "Index to Patents," Hen. VIII., to 1760." Jas. I. to Will. III. 1 vol. {Div. xi, No. 24) Con- taining Grants, Patents, Exemplifications of Decrees, &c. Index at the commencement of the vol. 1200 to Geo. I. (Surrenders, &c,) 1vol. {Div. xi., No. 25.) Containing Surrenders, Grants, Leases, &c., chiefly between the reigns of Eliz. and Geo. L, with a few of a much earlier date. {Index in the vol.) 1711 to 1730, 1 vol. {Div. xi.. No. 26.) 4 to 14 Geo. 11. 1 vol. {Div. xi, No. 27.) Register of Grants, &c. relating to the Manor of Daventry. 50 Edw. HI- {Div. xi, No. 9.) 59 CHARTERS AND GRANTS OF THE DUCHY OP LANCASTER— (continued). Extracts of Charters, &c. relating to the Manor of Langeney, in the Rape of Pevensey, co. Susses. Temp. Edw. IV. (Div. xi., No. 10.) Leases, Patents, ' Commissions, and Presentations. 13 to 44 Eliz. {Div. xi., No. 99.) Leases granted by the Earls of Hereford and Rutland. Temp. Henry VIII. {Div. xi., No. 100.) Grants, 20 James I. to 14 Charles I. {Div. xi., No. 102.) Grants to the City of London ; temp. Car. I. (An abstract of the Grant to Edward Ditchfield and others, as Trustees for the City of London, 4 Car. I., so far as it relates to the Duchy of Lancaster). {Div. xi, No. 104.) Grants and Leases, Auditors' Entry Books of. North .Auditor's Books. Henry VII. to 1765. 35 vols. South Auditor's Books. Henry VIII. to 1767. 22 vols. List. Report XXX., App., p. 5. Original Privy Seals and Signed Bills for Grants. 1 Hen. VII. to 1767. 43 Bundles. ' Index, 1 vol., entitled, " Index to Grants in Fee^ Draft Patents (with the Particulars annexed'). Phil, and Mary to Geo. II. 46 Bundles. CINQUE PORTS. A volume relating to the Jurisdiction and Customs of the Cinque Ports, including a long and curious collection of by-laws entitled " The Custumal of Rye." 1578. IS.P., Dom. Eliz., Vol. 128.] COMMISSIONS. Commissions of Array, Commissions of Lords Lieute- nant of Counties, of Justices of the Peace, of Oyer and Terminer, of Gaol Delivery, and Special Commissions of all kinds are enrolled on the back of the Patent Rolls. Commissions for opening and proroguing Parliament, for giving the Royal Assent to Bills, with Commissions of the Peace, Commissions of Sewers, and other Miscel- laneous Commissions of more modern dates, are preserved at the Crown Office in Chancery. Chancery. Commissions for better Fortifying and Securing Harbours and Docks, &c. (from the Crown OflBce). See FORTIFICATIONS. 60 COMMISSIONS— (continued). Chancery — (continued ). Commissions of Bankeuptct. These are kept at the Bankruptcy Offices in Lincoln's Inn. Do. OF Forfeited Estates, &c. See ESCHEATS, ATTAINDERS, AND FORFEITURES. Do. OF Lunacy and Idiotct. See LUNACY. Do. OF Sewees. See SEWERS. Special Commissions to enquiee of Estates Forfeited TO TfiE Crown. (Chancery, Petty Bag Office.) James I. to Victoria. 18 Bundles, containing Commissions to enquire respecting estates forfeited to the Crown, with the Inquisitions and traverses thereon. They are arranged under the following heads : — Aliens. 15 Geo. 2 to 8 Vict. Concealed Lands. Car. II. to Wm. & Mary. Depopulations. 5 James I. Derelict Lands. James II. to Vict. Escheats (foe want of an Heir). 6 Car. I. to 1889. Foefeitures of Offices. 5 Car I. to 4 Will. IV. Miscellaneous Inquiries. Murders and Felonies. 12 Car. I. to Victoria. Perambulations of Forests. Car. I. Portsmouth Haeboue, &c. Anne. Superstitious Uses, Lands given to. 33 Car. II. to 11 Wm. in. Survey of the Manor of East Greenwich. 1696. Treason. 5 Car. I. to Anne. Index. 1 Vol. MS. Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Special Commissions. Elizabeth to Victoria, and Miscel- laneous. These are Commissions of Inquiry with the Returns thereto relating to Concealed Lands, the Possessions of PERSONS ATTAINTED and of DEBTORS TO THE CeOWN ; Enceoachments and Inteusions ; Tithes, Woods, Marsh Lands, Sea banks. Mills; the Boundaries of Ports, &o., &c., and abound with Legal and Topo- graphical information of the highest value and interest. Descriptive Catalogue. Elizabeth to Victoria. Eeport XXXVIII. App., pp. 1-149. (Those of a date prior to Elizabeth, of which there are very few, are described in a Manuscript List referred to below.) 61 COMMISSIONS— (continued). Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer— (continued). Special Commissions. Edward II. to Edward VI. Four parcels amongst the Miscellanea (Nos. 818 to 821) containing documents of a similar nature to those al)ove described. Descriptive List. Many Special Commissions of Inquiry with the Returns are enrolled on the Memoranda Rolls of the Exchequer, both of the Queen's Remembrancer's and Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer's Departments. Duchy of Lancaster. Commissions, Orders, &o.. Entry Books of. 1 Henry VIII. to 44 Elizabeth. 4 Vols. iDiv. xi., Nos. 95 to 98.) Index. rVol. MS. Commissions foe Special Purposes. 30 to 32 Eliz. 1 Bundle. Judges' Commissions. 1675 to 1774. 9 bundles, con- taining Bills under the Royal Sign Manual, for Commis- sions appointing the Judges in the County Palatine of Lancaster. COMMON PRAYER BOOKS. Five Sealed Copies of the Book of Common Prayer, deposited pursuant to the Act of Uniformity, 14 Car. II. are amongst the Records of the following Courts. Chancery. (Tower Series.) 1 copy. Do. (Rolls Chapel Series.) „ Queen's Bench. „ Common Pleas. „ Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. „ CORNWALL, DUCHY OP. The following documents relating to the Revenues, &c. of the Duchy of Cornwall are amongst the Records of the Exchequer. Exchequer, Augmentation OflSce. Acquittances. James I. to Charles I, Seven volumes containing the Receipts or Acquittances given by the Receivers of the Duchy to the Bailiffs, Reeves, and Farmers of the various Manors for the rent due from them, and also the Receipts of various Officers of the Duchy for their salaries and allowances. [Misc. Books, Vols. 69 to 75.] 62 CORNWALL, DUCHY OF— (continued). Exchequer, Augmentation Oflce— (continued). AssESSiON Book. 9 Elizabeth. An Arrentation or " Assessment " of all lands, &c. in the Counties of Devon and Cornwall belonging to the Duchy of Cornwall and let on lease by the Commissioners or "Assessors" appointed for that purpose by Letters Patent dated 30 May, 9 Elizabeth. [Misc. Books, Vol. 15.] AssEssiON Rolls. Edward III. to Heney VII. 15 Rolls. These contain the Arrentation or Assessment of all the " Assessionary " lands belonging to the Duchy, the leases of which were renewed or new leases granted every seven years, l^hey give the names of all the Tenants, distin- guishing them as " liberi " or " nativi," the amount of land, &c. taken by each, the rent payable therefor, and the name of the previous tenant. Letters feom Sir Julius CjESAk and others relating TO Estates in the Duohy of Cornwall. 1612 to 1621. One volume. [Misc. Boohs, Vol. 76.] Miscellaneous Accounts and Papers. Edward III. to Charles II. 7 Portfolios. These contain Miscellaneous Letters and Papers relat- ing to the Woods and Revenues of the Duchy, Drafts (on paper) of Receiver's and Receiver Generals' Accounts, of Accounts relating to the Stannaries, and of Assession Rolls, with a few Rentals and Surveys and Articles of Inquiry with the returns thereto. Ministers' Accounts. 12 Edward III. to 1650. See MINISTERS' AND RECEIVERS' AC- COUNTS. Stannary Rolls. Edward I. to Philip and Mary. Accounts of the Cunagium Stanni in Cornwall and Devon. 1 Bos, containing 24 Rolls. Surveys, Rentals, &ic. Edw. III. to Charles I. A box containing Surveys and Rentals of various Manors belonging to the Duchy of Cornwall, with Articles of Inquiry relating to the Customs of Manors, &c., and the Returns thereto, belonging chiefly to the reigns o£ James I. and Charles I. See also Miscellaneous Accounts AND Papers. 63 CORNWALL, DUCHY OP— (continued). Exchequer, Augmentation Office— (continued). Valtjatioxs or Spiritualities and Tempoealities. [Henry VIII.] Two volumes containing a valuation taken by the Royal Commission ot all the lands and goods, &ic. in the Hundreds of East. West, Trigge, Kerrier, and others, in the County of Cornwall, apparently for the purpose of assessing a military levy. The names of the inhabitants in each parish are given with the value of their goods, &c. and the amount to be levied from each in money or equipment. [Misc. Books, Vols. 77 and 78.] Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. " Captio SEisiNiE DucATUS CoKNUBiiE," 11 Edward III. A survey or return of the whole of the possessions of the Duchy made by the Commissioners assigned in the 11th year of Edward III., to take seisin thereof to the use of the King's eldest son. 1 Roll. Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt. Council Book of the Duchy of Coenwall. 25-39 Edward III. This volume which is also known aa the " White Book of Tenures in Cornwall," contains entries of all Writs, Warrants, &c. directed to the Seneschal and others of the Duchy of Cornwall, by Edward the Black Prince, from the 25th to the 39th year of Edward III. : and of the Petitions and other Proceedings before the Council of the Duchy during the same period. Accounts, Couet Rolls, &c. relating to the Duchy of Cornwall. Henry VII. and Henry VIII. [Misc. Books. A^.] Chaeteks, &c., Transceipts of, A volume containing Transcripts of all Charters, Deeds, &c. belonging to Edmund late Earl of Cornwall. Temp. Edw. I. [Misc. Books. B^.] CORONATIONS. COEONATION Rolls. (Ohanceey.) Edward II. to Victoria. These contain the Commissions and Proceedings of the Commissioners appointed to hear and determine claims of service to be performed at Coronations, and also the oath taken and the declaration made and signed by the sovereign when crowned. The series is imperfect. Coronation Rolls existing for the following sovereigns only : Edward II., Henry IV., Henry V., James I., Charles II., James II., William and Mary, Anne, George I., George II., George IV., William IV., and Victoria. Gi CORONATIONS— (continued) The Coronation Oath of George III, and the Certificate of the Archbishop of Canterbury attached, and the Com- missions for holdinor the Court of Claims at the Coronations of George IV., William IV., and Victoria, -with the original Petitions and Claims are at the Chancery Crown Office. Matters relating to Coronations are also enrolled on the early Close EoUs. An account of the Coronation of Queen Eleanor (of Provence) in the 20th year of Henry III., with the claims of service thereat, is contained in the E.ed Book of the Exchequer. [Fol. 232.] An account of the ceremony to be observed at the Coronation of Edward III., &c., will be found amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, &c., Chancery. [_No. ^/.] The proceedings at the Coronation of Richard II. are enrolled on the Close Roll of 1 Rich. II., m. 45. Those at the Coronation of Charles II. are amongst the Domestic State Papers. [Vol. xxxv., No. 38.1 Much information relating to the Ceremonies to be observed at Coronations, &c. will be found in the Records of the Lord Chamberlain's Department. See DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. See also WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD. CORONERS' INQUESTS. By the Statute " de Officio Coronatoris," 4 Edward I., when any person was slain or died suddenly, the King's coroner was to- summon a jury who were to inquire into the circumstances occasioning the death, and if any person were found guilty of the murder by this inquisition the Coroner was to commit him to prison, and the witnesses were to be bound over to appear at the next assizes. The Inqnisiiion, whether the return was murder, man- slaughter, or otherwise, was to be enrolled and returned to the Justices Itinerant at the next Gaol Delivery, or to be certified into the Court of King's Bench. There are Coroners' Rolls from Edward I. to Henry VI., inclusive, amongst the Assize Rolls of the Queen's Bench, and Coroners' Inquisitions of a later date will be found in the Bundles of Indictments of tliat Court. See JUDI- CIAL PROCEEDINGS. From about 1760 the Coroners' Inquests are filed with the Clerks of the Peace of the several counties. There are also distinct collections of Coroners' Inquests amongst the Records of the Queen's Bench, Crown Side, as follows : — Coroners' Inquisitions post mortem. 1748 to 1767. 1 Bag, containing Inquisitions post mortem taken before the Coroners in various counties. 65 CORONERS' INQUESTS— (continued). (Those of an earlier date will be found in the bundles of Indictments.) Coroners' Inquisitions post mortem (on Prisoners). 1747 to 1839. 2 Bags, containing Inquisitions post mortem on the prisoners who died in the King's Bench Prison. COURT OR MANOR ROLLS. The principal collections of Court Rolls or Manor RoUs existing in the Public Record Office are those of the Augmentation Office, those of the Duchy of Lancaster (calendared in the Deputy Keeper's 43rd Report), the Halmote Court Books of the Palatinate of Durham, and the Court Rolls belonging to the several Welsh Juris- dictions, Inventories of which have been printed in the 21st and 22nd Reports. These (with the exception of the Halmote Court Books of Durham, referred to below), together with the numerous Court Rolls formerly existing amongst the various classes of Miscellanea or mixed with the Ministers' and Receivers' Accounts, have now been formed into one large series, to which a Calendar is in course of preparation. There are also various Books containing Court Rolls, as follows : — Court Rolls, Rentals, «Ssc., in various Counties, Trans- scripts OF. (Exchequer, Augmentation Office.) Edward III. to Elizabeth. 8 volumes. [Misc. Boohs, Vols. 79 to 86.] Court Rolls of Newton, Co. Lang., &c. Henry VIII. to Charles I. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol. 134.] Court Rolls of Langeney, &c. in the Rape of Peven- SEY, Co. Sussex. Edw. IV. to Hen. VII. [Register of Grants, &c. D. of Lane, Div. xi, No. 10.] Halmote Court Books. (Palatinate of Durham.) From the Pontificate of Bishop Hatfield to that of Bishop Neil. 1349 to 1619. 17 Vols. (Cursitor's Records, Nos. 12 to 28.) The Halmote Courts were holden pursuant to the Bishop's Commission under the Great Seal of the Palati- nate before the Escheator of the Palatinate and other persons thereto appointed, to receive surrenders of copy- hold lands, and to admit such persons as had a right thereto according to the custom ; to assess and settle all such fines and amercements as arose within the said Courts and to hear and determine all suits, complaints. Sec. between party and party which arose within the said county or else- where within the Palatinate of Durham. U 55672. E 66 COURT OR MANOR ROLLS— (continued). Halmote Cooet Books — (continued). Indexes. 1523 to 1587. (Prothonotary's Eecords, No. 1242.) This is an ancient index containing (inter alia) complete indexes to the Halmote Court Books of:— (1.) Bp. Wolsey. 1523-1529. (No. 22.) (2.) Bp. Tunstall. 1530-1559. (No. 23.) (3.) Sedevacante. 1559-1576 and Bp.Barnes. 1577- 1587. (No. 24.) The following Books of Court Rolls amongst the " Miscellaneous Books " of the Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt, will be included in the general series. No. AJj. Court Rolls of Preston, Co. Somerset, and South- wick, Co. Wilts. Bliz. and Jas. I. No. AA. Court Eollsof Eougholme, Skernyng, and Wessen- ham, Co. Norfolk. Bdw. VI. No. BA. Court Eolls of Clackclose, &o., co. Norfolk. Hen. Vni. No. C-fW. Court Eolls of Pepyngbury and Begham, Co. Kent. Hen. VII. COURTS OF JUSTICE, REPORTS ON. Repoets of Commissionees upon Inquieijss eespect- ING COUETS OF JuSTICE. (ChaNOEEY, PeTTY BaG Office.) 1740 to 1864. 64 Reports. CROWN LANDS AND RENTS. During the earlier portion of the Feudal Period the revenue of the Crown was derived to a very great extent from its landed estates, and from the proceeds of the forests, parks, and chases, the ownership of which formed a part of the Royal Prerogative. The Ancient Demesne of the Crown, as recorded in Domesday Book, consisted of 1,422 Manors, besides lands in Middlesex and Shropshire, the greater part of which descended to the Conqueror from Edward the Confessor and his immediate relatives and adherents. A considerable distinction was made between the Ancient Demesnes of the Crown and those lands which it acquired by its lucrative properties, viz., by Escheat, Forfeiture, or otherwise. It appears to have been understood that the Sovereign might dispose of the latter at pleasure, but to alienate the Ancient Demesnes of the Crown was considered not only inexpedient but even " impious." No absolute restriction was, however, im- posed on the Sovereign in this respect, exorbitant aliena- tion on his part being generally counterbalanced by the action of his Parliament, which when further supplies were demanded seldom failed to resume what had been too lavishly disposed of. 67 CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (continued). The greater part of the Conqueror's possessions were dissipated by his immediate successor, who was, however, compelled to resume the grants he had made, and in con- sequence of similar profusion Acts of Resumption were passed in almost every reign during the 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries. The lands accruing to the Crown in earlier times by Escheat or Forfeiture were very extensive. Amongst the more important of these Forfeitures may be mentioned the '■' Terra Normannorum" or lands held. by the Normans in England which, on the separation of Normandy from the Crown of England, in the reign of Henry II., became vested in the King of England as having being forfeited by his rebellious subjects. On the expwlsion of the Knights' Templars from Eng- land in the reign of Edward II., their possessions were confiscated to the Crown, and formed a very important addition to the royal revenues, the accounts of which occupy three very large rolls. The possessions of the Alien Priories, which were gene- rally seized into the King's hands, on the breaking out of a war between England and France (being however re- stored to their owners on the conclusion of peace), were finally confiscated and placed at the King's disposal on the suppression of those houses in the second year of Henry V. A very large increase of revenue accrued to the Crown by the dissolution of the Religious Houses in the reign of Henry VIII., for the collection and administration of which two new courts were erected, called respectively the Court of General Surveyors and the Court of the Augmen- tations of the Revenues of the Crown. The Records of these two Courts, especially of the latter, are exceedingly voluminous and important, comprising Accounts and Sur- veys of the Possessions of the Religious Houses throughout England and Wales, with Deeds and other documents relating to the acquisition of lands by Purchase or Ex- change during the reigns of Henry VIII. and Edward VI. The greater part of the Estates thus acquired were how- ever alienated during the same reign, and soon after the accession of Edward the Sixth it became necessary to provide by further confiscation for the expenses of the kino-dom, and accordingly the Estates of the Colleges, Chantries, Free Chapels, &c., to the number of over 2,374, were seized into the King's hands. See MONASTIC FOUNDATIONS, &c. The grants of Crown Lands made during the reign of Elizabeth were very numerous, as, in order to avoid un- popularity with her subjects by asking for supplies, she disposed of a considerable part of her domains, and an E 2 68 CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (continued). even greater profusion was exercised during the reign of James I. The extensive Surveys taken during the latter reign, which are now in the Land Revenue Office, tend, however, to show that great attention was paid to the management and improvement of estates as long as they remained in the hands of the Crown. Charles the First, in his endeavour to support the expenses of his Government, without the aid of Parlia- ment, sold many of the Estates of the Crown. At one time he borrowed 32O,0O0J. from the City of London on the security of the Crown Lands, grants thereof being after- wards made for the repayment of the money. These grants, which were made to Edw. Ditchfield and others as Trustees for the City, in the 4th year of Charles I., occupy three entire Patent Rolls, each consisting of three parts. Another method of raising money, which was frequently made use of during the reigns of Elizabeth, James I., and Charles I., was, by the discovery or pretended discovery of " Concealed Lands," that is to say, of lands which should be in the possession of the Sovereign, but which either by purchase, descent, or otherwise had come into the hands of j)rivate persons, whose titles thereto were altogether de- fective, to whom re-grants were offered on their com- pounding for the same with the Commissioners who were from time to time appointed for that purpose. Almost all the Landed Estates of the Crown, together with the Fee-Farm Rents reserved on Grants from the Crown, were sold during the Commonwealth, being vested in Trustees for that purpose, by whose direction elaborate and careful Surveys of the Crown lands were taken, which form the collection known as Parliamentary Surveys. There are also amongst the Records of the Augmentation Office Particulars and Contracts for the sale of Crown Lands and Fee-Farm Rents, together with the Minute Books of the Trustees and other important documents of a similar nature. Immediately after the Restoration all the sales made during the Commonwealth were declared void, and the King restored to the possession of his honors, lands, and hereditaments. The Revenue is, however, supposed to have suffered largely by concealments, and by forbearance or favour to bon^ fide purchasers, and to those who had promoted the Restoration. Some different provision for the support of the Govern- ment being found necessary, the Feudal Tenures were abolished soon after the Restoration, and a permanent income of 1,200,000/. per annum settled on the King, of 69 CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (continued). which the Royal demesnes, though mucli reduced in value, formed a part. This income, however, being found altogether inadequate to his expenses, Acts were obtained in the 22nd and 2.3rd years of his reign, enabling him to dispose of the Fee Farm Rents which, to a considerable extent, remained the Royal property. These rents were accordingly vested in Trustees for that purpose, by whom extensive sales were made, the Deeds of Bargain and Sale being enrolled on the Close Rolls. -^ ^ The Land Revenue of the Crown underwent little change during the reign of James II., but the rewards bestowed by William III. on those who had aided in the Revolution, diminished it as efTectually as the prodigality of Charles, it. These frequent alienations of the Royal domains did not fail to draw the public attention, and in the first year of Queen Anne what is known as the Civil List Act was passed, by which it was enacted that no grant should be made of any manors, lands, tenements, &c. belonging to the Crown (advowsons of churches and vicarages only excepted) for a longer period than 31 years, or three lives. This, however, did not apply to estates forfeited by treason or felony, or acquired by purchase out of the Privy Purse. The several classes of documents illustrating the subject of Crown Lands and Fee-Farm Rents may be arranged under the foJlowing heads : (The Leases of Crown Lands, &c. are described under the head of LEASES.) (1.)— Accounts, &c. relating to Crown Lands. The various series of Accouuts of the lands in the hands of the Crown, including the possessions of the dissolved monasteries, &c., are fully described under the head of MINISTERS' AND RECEIVERS' AC- COUNTS. The following Account Cooks, Ledgers, and other documents belonging to the Augmentation Office are, however, of a distinct nature, and contain much general information respecting the transactions of that Department. Acquittances, Enrolments of. 34 Henry VIII. to 7 Edward VI. A large volume containing enrolments of the "Bills of Acquittance " or Receipts given by the Treasurer of the Court of Augmentations, for the sums of money received by him as payments for grants from the Crown of the sites and possessions of the dissolved monasteries, &c. The names of the grantees, dates of the grants, and descriptions of the premises are fully set out. [Mise, Boohs, Vol, l.j 70 CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (continued). (1.) — Accounts, &C. — (continued). Establishment of the New Coubt of Augmenta- tions. A copy of the Letters Patent, dated 38 Henry VIII., dissolving the old Courts of Augmentations and of General Surveyors, and establishing a new " Court of Augmenta- tions." [Misc. Books, Vol. 17.] Memoranda respecting the collecting op Rents in VARIOUS Counties. Edward VI. and Philip and Mary. 4 volumes. [Misc. Books, Vols. 264 to 267.] Writs of Privt Seal directing the payment to the Receiver of the Court of Augmentations of the Arrears DUE FROM VARIOUS ACCOUNTANTS. 33 Henry VIII. 1 vol. [3Iisc. Books, Vol 331.] Receipt Books or Ledgers of the Treasurer of THE Court of Augmentations. 33 Henry VIII. to 1 Mary. 14 vols. [Misc. Books, Vols. 336 to 349.] Miscellaneous Letters and Papers. Henry VIII., &c. 10 vols. [Misc. Books, Vols. 472 to 481.] The following Accounts are amongst the " Declared Accounts," of the Audit Office: — Accounts of the Receiver of the money arising from the sale of Dunkirk. 1662. [Bundles 848 and 849.] Assart Lands, Accounts of moneys arising from. 1605 to 1616. [Bundle 354.] Accounts of the Receiver of monies arising from THE SALE OF Crown Lands. 1561 to 1592. [Bundle 493.] Auditors' Certificates of the Revenues of Queen Henrietta Maeia from lands in various parts op England. 1633. [S. P. JDom. Car. L, Vol. 235.] (2.)— Bargains and Sales of Crown Lands and of Fee-Farm Rents. The Bargains and Sales of Crown Lands and of the Estates of the so-called " Delinquents " made by Commis- sioners during the Commonwealth are enrolled on the Close Rolls, as are also the sales of Fee-Farm Rents by Lord Hawley and other Trustees in the reign of Charles II. [See " Palmer's Indexes," Vol. 78 and 79, and Vol. 72 respectively.] The Particulars for Sale of the Estates of Charles I., and also of the Fee-Farm Rents belonging to the Crown, with the Certificates, Contracts, and other documents relating thereto are as follows : — 7J CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (contmued). (2.)— Bargains and Sales, &c.— (continued). Particulars for the Sale of the Estates of Charles I., the Queen, and Prince. (Augmentation Office.) Commonwealth. 22 Boxes. Index. 1 vol, MS. Do. (Exchequer, Q. R.) 1 vol. [Misc. " Post James I." No. H-.] Contracts for the Purchase of the Lands, &c. of THE LATE KiNG AND QUEEN. (AUGMENTATION OfFICE.) 1649 to 1653. 2 vols. [Misc. Books, Vols. 173 and 174,] Certificates relaxing to the sale of Crown Lands. (Exchequer, Q. R.) Commonwealth. 5 Bundles. Minute Book op Commissioners for the Sale of His Majesty's Lands in Fee-Farm. Dec. 2, 1626, to June 26,1627. [S. P. Dam. Car. II. Vol. 79.] Minute Book of the Trustees for the Sale of Crown Lands. (Augmentation Office.) 1649 to 1659. [Misc. Books. Vol. 314.] (3.)— Concealed Lands. Particulars foe the Amendment of Defective Titles. (Augmentation Office.) James I. and Charles I. These are particulars for new grants or leases taken by virtue of warrants issued by the Commissioners appointed from time to time for the compounding of defective titles. Commissions of this nature were of frequent occurrence during the reigns of Elizabeth, James I., and Charles I., and generally set forth that, it having come to the know- ledge of the Sovereign that many of his liege subjects were in possession by purchase, descent, or otherwise, of lands and hereditaments formerly belonging to the Crown of which they held either imperfect grants or no grants at all, he, out of consideration for their welfare and in order to prevent costly law suits, and probable total loss of such lands and hereditaments, empowered certain Commissioners to compound with such persons for a certain sum of ready money to be by them paid into the Exchequer, and there- upon to issue to them in the King's name new grants or leases of the premises thus putting them in secure posses- sion of their estates at a comparatively small cost. This apparent generosity on the part of the Sovereign was extensively applied for the purpose of raising money both by himself and by unscrupulous informers who obtained from the Commissioners what have been termed " Fishing " grants, that is to say, grants of lands already held by other persons whose titles they alleged to be 72 CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (contmued). (3.) — Concealed Lands — (coatinued). defective, and from whom tliey extorted large sums for a re-transfer of their estates * Several grants of this descrip- tion were made in the 33rd and 34th years of Elizabeth to two persons named Wm. Tipper and Edw. Da we, who were particularly active in the discovery of so-called " concealed lands." The " Particulars " above mentioned are contained in seven volumes. [Misc. Books, Nos. 87 a to 90, and No. 159.] Partioulaes op Concealments. (Augmentation Of- ncE.) Elizabeth. One Portfolio, containing particulars for the letting or sale of lands in various counties, which had been found to have been concealed from the Queen's Majesty, or from her progenitors, by Certificates or Inquisitions thereof taken and remaining in the custody of the Queen's Eemembrancer or Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer respectively. Accounts, &o. relating to concealed Lands. (Miscellanea Exchequer, Q. R) Henry VIII. to James I. These consist of Accounts of lands, &c., " recovered to the use of the Lord the King," whose title thereto had hitherto been concealed, and of Certificates, Inquisitions, and Informations respecting " Concealed Lands " in divers counties. Descriptive Slips. Special Commissions respecting Concealed Lands, &c. (Exchequer, Q. E.). Eliz. to Victoria. See COM- MISSIONS. Special Commissions concerning Concealed Lands. (Chancery Petty Bag Office.) Car. II. to Wm. & Mary. 1 Bundle. Index. (4.) — Fee-Farm Rents. Particulars for the" Sale of Fee-Farm Rents. (Augmentation Office.) Commonwealth. 10 Packages. Galendar with Index Locorum. 2 Vols. MS. (The second of these volumes relates chiefly to the Fee-Farm Rents belonging to the Duchy of Lancaster.) Counterparts of Deeds of Sale of Fee-Farm Rents. (Augmentation Office.) Commonwealth. 26 Boxes. Galendar. 2 Vols. MS. with an Index Locorum at the end of each Vol. Vide " History and L^w of the Foreshore," by Stuart A. Moore, p. 171. 7S CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (continued). (4.) — Fee-Farm Rents— (continued), Certificates and Contracts foe the Sale of Fee- Farm Rknts in Various Counties, with other Papes relating thereto. (Augmentation Office.) Commonwealth. 10 volumes, including a Minute Book of the Trustees (Vol. 139.) [Misc. Boohs, Vols. 135 to 144.] Particulars of Fee-Farm Rents. (Duchy of Lan- caster.) Temp. Commonwealth. 2 Bundles [Div. xii. Bundles 44 and 46.] Calendar, 1 Vol. MS. This Calendar refers also to those Particulars in the Augmentation Office which relate to the Duchy of Lancaster. Certificates .of Payments for Fee-Farm Rents (Exchequer, L. T. R.) 1650 to 1652. A volume of 423 pages containing entries of Certificates to the Treasurers of Fee-Farm Rents by the " Registrar Accomptant" of the receipts due to various persons for sums paid on account of purchases of Fee-Farm Rents. Index of persons at the commencement. See also Bargains and Sales of Crown Lands, &c. (5.)— Purchases and Exchanges. Acts for the Assurance of Purchases and Exchanges. (Augmentation Office.) 1-28 Henry VIII. A volume containing Transcripts of all Acts o" Parlia- ment for the assurance to the King of all such manors, lands, and tenements under the survey of the Court or Augmentations as were acquired by him by purchase or exchange or otherwise since the first year of his reign. A copy of the Act establishing the Court of Augmentations is prefixed. [Misc. Boohs, Vol. 2.] Purchase and Exchange, Deeds of. (Augmentation Office.) Henry VIII. to Edward VI. 21 Boxes. Index, 2 Vols. MS. Purchase and Exchange, Enrolments op Deeds of. (Augmentation Office.) Henry VIII. and Edw. VI. .3 Vols. [Misc. Books, Vols. 332 to 334.] Indentures, Transcripts of. (Augmentation Office.) 2 to 28 Henry VIII. Transcripts of Conveyances to Henry VIII. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol. 162.] 21 to 25 Henry VIII. Transcripts of Indentures of Bargain and Sale by Sir Edward Seymour and others. 1 Vol. [Misc. Boohs, Vol. 163.] Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Enrolments of. (Ex- chequer, Q. R.) 35-37 Henry VIII. 2 vols. [Misc. Boohs, No. 54.] 74 CROWN LANDS AND RENTS— (continued). (6)— Resumed Lands. AccoujsiTS OP Resumed Lands (Chancery). A roll, entitled, " De donationibus et concessionibus per " Regem factis in manibus ejus resumendis. 3-5 Edw. II,," consisting of Writs to the Escheators Citra and ultra Trentam, directing them to resume into the King's hands all lands, rents, custodies, marriages, &c. granted by him since the 1 6th day of March in the third year of his reign, a schedule of which is annexed to each writ. [Misc. Bolls, Sc, No. ^.] Do. (ExcHEQUEK, Q. R.) Henry VI. These are Accounts of the Escheators and others in various counties of the revenues and emoluments arising from the lands and possessions seized into the King's hands by virtue of an Act of Resumption passed in the 29th year of Henry VI. Descriptive Slips. Note. Grants of lands, demesnes, &c. made by Henry III. to his son Edward I., as well in England and Wales, as beyond the seas, and also Grants and Conveyances to the Crown temp. Edw. I., are entered in the " Eegistkum MuNiMENTOEUM " of the Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt. See REGISTERS AND BOOKS OP REMEMBRANCE. CUSTOS SIGILLI. Accounts op the Qustos Sigilli. (Miscellanea, Exchequer, Q. R.) Edward VI. to Elizabeth. These are the Accounts of the Keeper of the Seal in the Court of Chancer^/, who was appointed by the Clerks of the Hanaper as their Deputy to receive the Fees arising from that seal ; and also of the Keeper of the Seal in the Court of Common Pleas. They show little more than the gross receipts and incidental expenses. Descriptive Slips. DEEDS (ANCIENT). There are amongst the Public Records very large collec- tions of conveyances, bonds, agreements, and other deeds, mostly between private persons, many of which are of very early date, and which have hitherto been altogether undescribed. These have now been formed into several Series, as follows, and a Descriptive Catalogue of the whole collection is in progress, the first volume of which has already been issued. Series A. Ancient Deeds of the Treasury of the Receipt of the Exchequer, formerly preserved in the Chapter House. 75 DEEDS (ANCIENT)— (continued). Series B. Ancient Deeds, formerly in the Augmenta- tion OflSce of the Exchequer. ' Series C. Ancient Deeds belonging to the Court of Chancery, formerly preserved in the Tower of London and the Rolls Chapel. Series D. Ancient Deeds belonging to the Queen's Remembrancer's Office of the Exchequer. Series E. Ancient Deeds belonging to the Office of Land Revenue Records. In addition to the foregoing series there are several collections of Ancient Deeds to which Calendars, or partial Calendars, already exist. A List of these is appended. Exchequer, Augmentation Oflace. " CHAKT.aS ANCIQUiE" (VARIOUS). 22 BoxCS. Indices Locorum & Nominum. 1 Vol. MS. entitled " Index to Charters." " Charts MisoELLANEyE." 24 Volumes. [Miscellaneous Books, Vols. 31 to 35.] The first 20 of these volumes are calendared in 1 Vol. MS. with an Index Locorum. Deeds and Charters, Precedent Book of. A volume entitled "Liber de diversis modis faciendi Cartas," containing Transcripts of Indentures, Deeds, and Writings of various kinds. [Misc. Books, Vol. 330.] Court of Wards and Liveries. Deeds, Charters, and Evidences. Edw. I. to Car. I. ■A collection of 4,698 Charters, Deeds, Evidences, and other Writings belonging to the Court of Wards and Liveries. Inventory and Index. Report VI., App. II., pp. 1-87. Duchy of Lancaster. " Grants (in Boxes)." A collection of Ancient Deeds and Charters consisting of 22 boxes lettered A. to M. A Calendar of the contents of " Box A." (4 boxes), the dates of which extend from Hen. I. to Hen. VI., is printed in Report XXXV, App., pp. 1-41. A similar Calendar of the contents of " Box B." (4 boxes), which consist of Deeds and Charters relating to Furness Abbey and to the Priories of Conished, Cartmel, and Burscough, is printed in Report XXXVI., -App., pp. 161- 205. A Calendar of " Box C." (2 boxes) is placed in the Search Room. N.B. — The printed Calendars also contain references to such Deeds and Charters as, being without seals, are not placed in the Boxes, but bound up in the three volumes called " Cartse Miscellanese." 76 DEEDS (ANCIENT)— (continued). Duchy of Lancaster — (continued) CAETiE MiSCELLANEjE. Three volumes containing such Ancient Deeds and Charters belonging to the class known as " Grants in Boxes " as had lost their seals, and were in consequence collected together and bound in volumes. These are included in the Calendar to the " Grants (in Boxes)." The following Tkansoripts of Ancient Deeds and Charters are amongst the " Miscellaneous Rolls, &c. Chancery." (Bundle 3.) No. 1. Transcripts of the Deeds and Charteis of Eobert Walerand. 52 Hen. III. No. 2. Ditto of Peter de Sabandia. Temp. Hen. III. No. 4. Ditto of Jolin de Poudreliam de Wyteston. _ 5 Edw. II. No. 5. Transcripts of the Charters and Muniments of the Archbishop of Dublin. 6 Edw. II. No. 6. Extracts from the Charters, &c. deposited in the Priory of Malton relating to the De Vescys of Kildare. 9 Edw. II. No. 11. Transcripts of Deeds and Grants made to the Society of the Bardi of Florence in Lombard Street. 12 Edw. II. No. 12. Transcripts of Deeds, &c. reliiting to the Church of St. Giles, Cripplegate. 14-35 Edw. III. No. 15. Ditto relating to the Chantry of St. Mary in the Church of St. Dunstan's in the West. 49 Bdwd. III. No. 16. Transcripts of Deeds and Charters to the Butillers and others. (A fragment.) Temp. Edw. III. (Bundle 4.) No. 22. Charters, &c. relating to the foundation of a Car- thusian Priory at Eppworth in the Isle of Axholm. 3 Hen. IV. DEEDS ENROLLED. Chancery. Deeds and conveyances between private persons are enrolled on the Close Rolls from a very early date. See CHANCERY ENROLMENTS. Under the general title of " Indentures," a great variety of documents are enrolled on the Close Rolls from the reign of Elizabeth to the present time. These include Deeds of Bargain and Sale ; Deeds of Lease and P.elease ; Disentailing Deeds ; Conveyances in Trust for Chapels, Schools, and Charitable Purposes ; Conveyances under the Queen Anne's Bounty Act fer the Augmentation of Cura- cies, &c. ; Deeds of Settlement of Ecclesiastical Districts and Parish Boundaries ; Awards respecting Inclosures, &c. ; Conveyances of Bankrupts' Estates; Deeds Poll relating to 77 DEEDS ENROLLED— (continued). Chancery— (continued). Change of Name ; Certificates of Naturalization ; Con- sents ; Memorials of Annuities ; Memorials of the Names of Trustees, &c. of Assurance Companies ; Specifications and Disclaimers of Patents ; Kecognizances and Bonds of Receivers and Official Liquidators, and other documents of a similar nature. Of these enrolments, the Memorials of Annuities, Speci- fications and Disclaimers of Patents (from 1849 to 1853 only), and the Recognizances and Bonds form distinct branches. Index TO Indentures, &c. 1573 to 1883. 67Vo1j. MS. These Indexes are arranged alphabetically under the names of the Grantors (Cross-references under the names of the Grantees, and in some cases under the names of Places, . will be found in the " Index to Close Rolls"). The Recognizances and Bonds are indexed in the same books as the Indentures till the year 1871, but under a distinct heading. After that date the Indexes are separate. There is also a separate Index to the Specifi- cations from 1849 to 1853; and to the " Memorials OF Annuities," from 1777 to 1854 inclusive. [These ceased to be enrolled on the Close Rolls in 1813.] A Calendar of the " Trust Deeds," from 1 1 George II. to 1865, arranged alphabetically under names of Places, is printed as an Appendix to Report XXXII, There is also an Index in 2 Vols. MS. to the " Deeds, Wills, &c., enrolled for safe Custody," from William and Mary to George II. inclusive, many of which are of a much earlier date than that of their enrolment. Queen's Bench, Crown Side. Deeds between private persons are frequently enrolled on the earlier Coram Rege Rolls. See JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. In " Agarde's Indexes," Vol. 38, are contained Ab- stracts of Deeds and Wills relating to lands given in Mortmain from 7 to 35 Edward I., enrolled at the Hustings of the City of London. Queen's Bench. Plea Side. Deeds are enrolled on the Placita Coram Rege or Crown Rolls till 1702, after which date they appear in the Plea Rolls, which thenceforward formed a distinct class. From 1390 to 1595 the Deeds enrolled are indexed in the " DoGGETT Rolls ;" from 1595 to 1648 in the " Special Remembrance Rolls ;" from 1648 to 1655 they are again entered in the " Doggett Rolls," and afterwards in the Doggett Books under the head of " Special Remembrances." 78 DEEDS ENROLLED— (continued). Common Pleas. Deeds enrolled in the Court of Common Pleas are on the Placita db Banco or Plea Rolls till Easter 25 Eliza- beth, when those Rolls were subdivided into " Common Rolls " and " Kecovert Rolls," the deeds being thenceforward enrolled on the latter, of which they form a distinct portion in each Term. On the abolition of Fines and Recoveries in 1834 the Deeds were again enrolled on the Plea or Common Rolls. Indexes. Before 20 Hen. VII, See "Agaede's Indexes." From 20 Hen. VII. to 31 Hen. VIII. See " Re- covBET Index," Vol. I From 1555 to 1836, there is a Calendar in 5 Vols. MS. Exchequer of Pleas. Deeds enrolled are on the Plea Rolls, and are indexed in the same Calendars and Docket Books as the Pleadings. See JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer's and Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer's Departments. For Deeds enrolled, see MEMORANDA ROLLS OP THE EXCHEQUER. Exchequer, Augmentation Department. Enrolments of Deeds of Bargain and Sale, or of the Purchase and Exchange of Lands by the Crown, in volumes. See CROWN LANDS. Palatinate of Lancaster. Deeds, Deceees, &c., Eneolmbnts of (Chanceet). Car. II. to Will. IV. 1 Bundle. Deeds enrolled in the Court of Common Pleas at Lan- caster are on the Plea Rolls. See JUDICIAL PRO- CEEDINGS. Palatinate of Chester. Deeds are enrolled on the Plea Rolls and also on the " RECOaNIZANCE ROLLS." Calendar to Deeds, &c. enrolled on the Plea Rolls. Hen. III. to Hen. VIII. Printed. Vide Reports XXVI. to XXX. inclusive. Calendar to the Recognizance Rolls of the Palatinate of Chester. 1 Edw. II. to 11 Geo. IV. Printed. Vide Reports XXXVI. to XXXIX. inclusive. 79 DEEDS ENROLLED— (continued). Palatinate of Durham. Deeda enrolled in the Court of Pleas at Durham will be found on the Plea Rolls. For Deeds enrolled in the Chancery of the Palatinate, see CHANCERY EN- ROLMENTS. Principality of Wales. Deeds enrolled are on the Plea Rolls of the several Counties. See JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. Various Courts (Inclosure Awards). The Awards of Commissioners appointed to inclose, set out and allot the open Commons and other Lands in England and Wales were, by the several Inclosure Acts under which *they were made, generally directed to be enrolled either with the Clerk of the Peace for the County, or in one of the Courts of Chancery, Common Pleas, Queen's Bench, Exchequer, &c. A List of those enrolled in the several Courts of Law (including those enrolled in the Duchy of Lancaster Office) is printed in the Appendix to the 27th Report. In a great ma,jority of instances, however, they will be found to be enrolled with the Clerks of the Peace. Many Inclosure Awards for the County of Durham are recited in the Registrar's Entry Books of Orders and Decrees. \^Cursitor's Records, Nos. 480 to 486,] DEEDS, &c., REGISTRIES OP. The earliest Act for the Registration of Deeds was passed in the 27th year of Henry VIII. This was supple- mented, and an omission therein supplied, by an Act of the 5th year of Elizabeth, entitled " An Act for the enrolment of Indentures of Bargain and Sale in the Queen's Majesty's Courts," including the Counties Palatine of Lancaster and Chester and the Bishopric of Durham. Separate Registries of Deeds were subsequently established, as follows ; — For Conveyances relating to the fens called Bedford Level. 15Car.IL For the West Riding of Yorkshire (Registry at Wake- field). 2 & 3 Anne. For the East Riding of Yorkshire (Registry at Beverley). 6 Anne. For the North Riding of Yorkshire (Registry at North- allerton). 8 Geo. II. For the County of Middlesex. 7 Anne. There are also distinct Registries of Deeds for Scotland and Ireland. 80 DEEDS, &c., REGISTRIES OP— (continued). Deeds were also frequently enrolled with the Clerks of the Peace for tlie several counties. In the Second Report of the Commissioners on Public Records (1800), p. 629, is given a list of the Records generally to be found in the custody of the Clerks of the Peace of the several counties of England and Wales, amongst which appear the following : — ■ Peoceedings at the Courts of Quarter Sessions, in some counties from about the reign of Elizabeth, in others from a much later period. Inrolments and Registers of Deeds and Ijstclosuee Awards, from about the reign of Queen Anne (those for the county of Northampton begin in the reign of Elizabeth). Lists of Freeholders liable to serve on Juries, AND Poll Books or Registers op Voters, from about 3 760 (for Northampton from 1669). Land Tax Assessments, from about 1780. County Rate Books. Registers of Licenses for Ale Houses, Drovers, HiGLERS, &c. Coroners' Inquests, Certificates for regulating Buildings and Party Walls, pursuant to Stat. 14 Geo. III. Qualification Rolls of Justices, Militia Officers, and Deputy Lieutenants, with their Sacrament Certificates. Qualifications of Dissenting Ministers and of Roman Catholics under certain Statutes ; and Registers of the Estates of Roman Catholics and of Bargains and Sales by them, and of the Houses OF Worship of Dissenters and Roman Catholics. In man}' counties these records are however very defective. DEGREES GRANTED BY THE ARCHBISHOP OP CANTERBURY. The " Dispensation Rolls " contain enrolments by the Clerk of the Dispensations and Faculties of all Doctors' Degrees granted by the Archbishop of Canterbury. See CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VA- RIOUS). 81 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. Admiralty. The principal reconls of the Admiralty deposited in the Public Record Office, whicli are open to public infpec- tion up to 31 Dec. 1799, consist of the following classes : — Secretary's Department. Admirals' Desjiatchc'S, from about 1705 to 1839 (ar- ranged according to the several Stations). Admirals' Journali?, from about 1744 to 1839. Captains' Journals, from about 1806 to 1842. Commission and Warrant Books, from 1694 to 1S15. These contain the appointments of all Officers of the Navy, both Commissioned Officers and Warrant Officers. Letter Books (Lords of the Admiralty), from about 1688 to 1815. Do. (Secretary of the Admiralty), from about 1688 to 1815. Orders and Instructions, Entrv Books of, from about 1665 to 1815. Orders in Council, from about 1688 to 1815. Accouktant-General's Department. Half-Pay Books, froai about 1700 to 1832. Log Books, from the reign of Charles 11. to 1885. Pay Books, from about 1680 to 1855. Muster and Victuallin^:^ Books, from about 1680 to 1875. Audit Oflice. The Audit Office Records consist principally of the "Declared," or AuditeJ Account-^, relating to a great variety of subjects, a list of (he most important of whicli is given below. They also include Military Establishment Books of the various Forces at home and abroad, and a great number of books of accounts and other volumes of too miscellaneous a description to be liere detailed They are open to public insjiection to the end of the year 1821 only. Declared Accounts. African Company (Royal). Accounts of Moneys imprested to the Company at the Exchequer for tlie support of trade, &c. 1729 to 1749. Do. Account of his Majesty's Adventure in. 1661. Agents for Special Services, Accounts of. 1563-1574, 1620 to 1638, 1683, and 1796 to i81i^ Ambassadors and Envoys, &c. Accounts cf. 1566 t> 1827. U 55G72. p 82 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (coutlnued). Audit OfiS.ce — (continued). Declared Accounts — (continued). Army, Accounts of the Paymasters-General of the Forces. 1652 to 1827. Do. of Commanders-in-Chief and Military Governor?. 1606 to 1821. Army, Accounts of Victuals, &c. for home service. 1565 to 1814. Do. for garrisons abroad. 1547 to 1820. Do. of Half-pay, Pensions, and Allowances. 1713 to 1827. Do. of money for Trained Bands and Militia. 1660 to 1674, 1745, and 1808 to 1827. Do. of Vice-Treasurers and Treasurers at War, and Paymasters of various expeditionary Forces and of several garrisons. 1543 to 1826. Assart Lands, Accounts of moneys arising from. 1605 to 1616. Attainders, Forfeitures, &c. Accounts of the Receivers and Collectors of the Revenues arising from the estates of Popish Recusants and of persons convicted of High Treason, &c. 1557, 1602 to 1605, and 1627 to 1734. Bishops' Lands, &c., Proceeds of the sale of. Treasurer's Accounts. 1646 to 1660. Butlerage. Accounts of the Chief Butler of England. 1554 to 1673. Captives, Redemption of. Accounts of money collected for the redemption of captives at Algiers, Morocco, &c. 1653 to 1725. Chamber, Treasurer of the, and Master of the Posts, Accounts of 1558 to 1782. Churches. Accounts of the Treasurers of the Fund for building new churches in London and Westminster. 1712 to 1741. Civil List Deductions. Accounts of the Receivers- General. 1721 to 1811. Commissariat Accounts. 1596 to 1828, Commonwealth Accounts : Accounts of the Commissioners for Advance. 1653 to 1654. Accounts of Moneys for the use of the State. 1653 to 1657. Crown Lands. Accounts of the Receiver of moneys arising from the sale of certain Crown Lands 1561 to 1592. 83 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (nontinued). Audit Office— (continued). Declared Accounts — (continued). Customs : Accounts of the Farmers, Commissioners, Oollectore, and Comptrollers-General of the Customs. 1602 to 1827. Accounts of Receivers-General and Cashiers, 1672 to 1827. Account of the Comptroller-General in Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands. 1684-1685. Dunkirk, Sale of. Accounts of the Receiver of the money arising fi-om the sale of Dunkirk. 1662. Exchequer Bills : Accounts of the Trustees for advancing money. 1697 to 1724. Accounts of the Receivers of the money for pur- chasing Exchequer Bills. 1698 to 1703. Accounts of the Receivers of the money for dis- charging the Interest on Exchequer Bills. 1709 to 1720. Accounts of the Paymasters of Exchequer Bills. 1723 to 1828. Excise : Accounts of the Commissioners and Governors of Excise (Cash Accounts). 1647 to 1841.* Do. (General Accounts). 1683 to 1849.* Faculties, Accounts of the Clerk of the. 1573 to 1641. First-Fruits and Tenths. Accounts of the Re- membrancers and Receivers. 1558 to 1827. Forests, &c. Accounts of the deer in the Royal Parks and Forests. 1616 to 1674. Governors, Agents, fcc. Accounts of : Alderney. 1793-1806. Bahamas, 1798-1827. Barbadoes. 1789-1814. Bermuda. 1782-1811. Canada (Upper). 1791-1820. Cape Breton. 1746-1820. Carolina. 1776-1779. Florida (EastV 1772-1786. Florida (West). 1764-1781, Georgia. 1752-1783. * These are open to inspection down to 1841. F 2 84 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (continued). Audit Ofia.ce — (continued). Declared Accounts — (contiaued). Gibraltar. 1714-1810. Guernsey and Aldemey. 1793-1827. Jamaica. 1660-1675. Jersey. 1793-1827. New Brunswick. 1784-1827. Newfoundland. 1794-1827. New South Wale=. 1786-1827. Nova Scotia. 1752-1827. Prince Edward's Island. 1780-1827. Sierra Leone. 1808-1825. Virginia. 1754-1757. ^Ycst Indies. 1760-1827. &c. &c. Hackney Coaches, Receiver-Generare Accounts of the Duty on. 1694 to 1828. Hanaper, Accounts of the Clerks of the. 1562 to 1827. Hawkers' Licenses, Receivers and Oommissioners' Ac- counts of. 1697 to 1828. Hearth Tax. Accounts of the Receivers and Managers, S^c. 1673 to 1684. Horse, Masters of the. General Accounts. 1603 to 1813. Hospitals : Accounts of the Receivers-General and Paymasters of Chelsea Hospital. 1680 to 1827. Accounts of the Agents for the Out-Pensioners of Chelsea Hospital. 1754 to 1826. Hospitals and Infirmaries (Various), Accounts of. 1653 to 1809. Household. Accounts of the Comptroller of the Queen Mother's Household. 1668-1669. Indians (North American). Agents' Accounts for pur- chasing presents, &c. for the Indians in the neighbourhood of hie Majesty's Colonies. 1755 to 1785. Jewels and Plate. Accounts of the Master and Treasurer of the Crown Jewels, &c. 1546 to 1639. Lancaster, Pulatinate of. Accounts of the Receiver of the moneys arising as Pre- Fines on Writs of Covenant, &c. 1649 to 1658. Lotteries, Annuities, &c. Accounts of Paymasters and Receivers. 1694 to 1828. Marriages, Births, and Burials. Accounts of the Re- ceivers-General of Duties on Marriages, Births, and Burials (and also on Bachelors and Widowers) in certain counties and precincts. 1695 to 1706. 8,5 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (continuec). Audit Office— (continued). Declared Accounts— (continued). Mint: Accounts of the Wardens. 1536 to 1815. Accounts of the Masters .lud Woikers. 1626 to 1827. Accounts of Purchases and Sales of Tin. 1S03 to 1725. Miscellaneous Accounts and Exi'enses. 1547 to 1822. Navy : Accounts of the Treasurers of the " Marine Causes and' Affairs," and of the Navy. 1558 to 1827. Accounis of moneys, &c. arising by the sale of Prizes. 1593 to 1813. [Tiiere are also Warrants to the Cashier- General and Deputy Treasurers for Prizes, from 1664 to 1670.] Miscellaneous Accounts. 1597 to 1818. Ordnance : Accounts of the Masters and Surveyors. 1557 to 1632. Accounts of Lieutenants of the Ordnance. 1561 to 1670. Accounts of the Treasurers and Paymasters. 1587 to 1827. Miscellaneous Accounts. 1568 to 1640. Orphans' Fund. Accounts of the Chamberlains of the City of London. 1694 to 1826. Pensions. Accounts of tlie Paymaster of several of Her Majesty's Pensions. 1 684 to 1782. Post Office. Accounts of the Masters and Comptrollera of the Posts. 1566 to 1639, Accounts of the Receivers-General. 1695 to 1827. Do. of the Accountants-General. 1746-1827. Privy Purse. Accounts of the Keeper of the Privy Purse, and of the Receiver-General of the Revenues of Henry Prince of Wales. 1603 to 1688. Progresses (Royal), Accounts of the expenses of. 1603 to 1687. Protestanta in Piedmont and Poland. Accounts of the Treasurers. 1655 to 1660. Recusants. See " Attainders, Forfeitures, &c." Do. Accounts of moneys received from the principal ■ recusant Clergy for providing horses and lances for Her JMajesty's serviqe in the Low Countries. 1585 to 1589. 86 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (continued). Audit Office — (continued). Declared Accounts — (continued), Eevenues (Various) in Minorca, Quebec, Upper and Lower Canada, the Isle of Man, &c. Receiver-Greneral's Accounts. 1727-1825. Kevels, Accounts of Masters of the. 1572 to 1670. Robes, Accounts of the Masters and Gentlemen of the. 1605 to 1812. Accounts of the Mistress of the Queen's Robes. 1606 to 1714. Salt, Duties on — Cash Accounts. 1694 to 1798. General Accounts. 1694 to 1798. Scots, Mary Queen of. Accounts of the expenses of her diet, &c. and also of her funeral expenses. 1684- 1587. Seals. Account of the Graver of the Mint for making seals for the late Queen Elizabeth and for James I. on his accession. 1600-1609. Secret Service Accounts. 1779-1828. Settlers in America. Account of the contractor for victualling the Settlers in Nova Scotia. 1749-1751. Do. Expenses of transporting foreign Protestants from Holland to Nova Scotia. 1751-1753. Spaniards cast on the Coast of Dorset. Expenses of Diet, Lodging, &c. 1628-1629. Stamp Duties — Cash Accounts. 1694 to 1827. General Accounts. 1702 to 1827. Tenths of the Clergy. (Queen Anne's Bounty.) Ac- counts of the Collectors or Receivers. 1715 to 1826. Tentsj Hales, and PavilionSj Accounts of the Masters of the. 1560 to 1676. Tower of London. Expenses of State Prisoners and pay of the Garrison. 1551 to 1553. Tower of London. Accounts of the Masters and Keepers of the Armoury. 1556 to 1686. Toyles, Accounts of the Masters of the. 1560 to 1630. Trade. Expenses of the Council for Trade and Planta- tions. 1696 to 1728. Transport Service, Accounts of the. 1589 to 1744. Treasury Solicitor, Accounts of the. 1657 to 1827. Wardrobe. Accounts of the Masters or Keepers of the Great Wardrobe. 1558 to 1782. There are also six volumes containing Accounts of the expenses of Funerals and Coronations from 1619 to 1714. 87 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (continued). Audit Office— (continued). Declaked Accounts — (continued). Wine Licenses. Accounts of Commiasioners and Agents. 1616 to 1757. Works and Buildings (Public). Accounts of Surveyors and Paymasters. 1563 to 1827. Works and Buildings (Miscellaneous). Koyal Parks, Palaces, &c. 1573 to 1724. Works (Military) and Fortifications. Accounts of the Paymasters of Works and Repairs and also of the Garrisons and Pensioners. 1541 to 1810. Colonial Office. The Records of the Colonial OflSce are open to public inspection up' to 25 October 1760. The papers for the following periods have been calen- dared in the printed " Calendars of State Papers, &c." 1574 to 1674 — " America and West Indies," 1513 to 1629 — " East Indies, China, and Japan," and the papers are arranged for calendaring to the year 1688 inclusive. The remaining documents are arranged as follows : (1.) Colonial Entry Books, from about James I. to William III. (Those of an earlier date than 1674 are referred to in the printed calendars.) (2.) Correspondence, &c. relating to America and the West Indies from 1689. (3.) « Board of Trade Papers," from about 1689. A collection of papers relating solely to Colonial matters, originally transmitted from the Board of Trade, but considered as belonging to the Colonial Series. These include Acts and Minutes of Councii and Assembly of the various Colonies. (4.) "Colonial OiEce Transmissions." From 1686. These include Colonial Military Returns, &c., from about 1810. (5.) Colonial Correspondence relating to — The East Indies, from 1570 to 1849 (calendared prior to 1629) ; and to other Colonies, from about 1700 to 1849. [A printed List of the Colonial Office Records open to puiblic inspection is issued for use in the Search Rooms.] Foreign Office. The Foreign Correspondeuce from the years 1547 to 1577 inclusive, has been arranged chronologically and calendared in the printed " Calendars of State Papers, &c." Subsequent to the latter date, the papers are arranged according to the several countries to which they DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (continued). Foreign OflB.ce — (continued). relate. They extend in date to the year 1 847, and are open to public inspection to 25 October 1760. The " Royal Letters " of each State are placed at the com- mencement of the particular series, and there are also, in some instances, a few transcripts of treaties and other documents of fin earlier date than 1547. There is also a collection of " Foreign Entry -Books " from 1603 to 1688; of Books and Papers relating to the '■ Levant Company " from James I. ; of papers relating to " Military Auxiliary Expeditions " in Flander.^ and Germany from 1695 to 1763 ; of" Treaties " and " Treaty Papers," from about 1544, with a few transcripts of earlier dates; and of miscellaneous Correspondence and Despatches known as " Foreign Viiriou?." [A printed List of the Foreign Office Records open to public inspection is issued for use in the Search Rooms.] Home Oflace. The greater part of the Home Office Records prior to the year 1688 have been classified under the head of " State Pipers (Domestic Series)." See STATE PAPERS, CALENDARS OP. Those subsequent to the reign of James II. are arranged under the follow- ing (principal) heads, and are open to public inspection down to 31 December 1772.* Admiralty Correspondence, &c. 1689 to 1830. Admiralty Entry Books. 1693 to 1836. Caveats (against making Grants and Presentali.;ns), Entries of. 1668 to 1710. Channel Islands : Correspondence, &c. 1654 to 1830. Entry Books. 1748 to 1817. Church Books. 1688 to 1828. These contain entries of Royal Warrants for Conge's d'Elire, Restitution of Temporalities, Presentations, and other Ecclesiastical Pre- ferments, and of Proclamations and Addresses relating to Ecclesiastical matters. Church Books (Scotland). 1724 to 1808. Council Office. Minutes and Correspondence. 1696 to 1830. Criminal Papers. 1782 to 1849. Do. Registers. 1791 to 1866. Docquets. 1549 to 1806. Domestic Correspondence. 1689 to 1840. Do. Entry Books (with Index). 1706 to 1772. * A Calendar of the Home Office Eecords from 1760 to 1773 inclusive, has heen published in the series of " Calendarn of State Papers, &c." 89 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (continued). Home Ofllce— (continued). Foreign OfEce. Commissiona and Instructions to Am- bassadors. 1664 to 1670. Ireland, Correspondence, &c. 1685 to 1831. See also " Letter Books." . Ireland, Entry Books. 1716 to 1827. Isle of Man, Correspondence, &c. 1761 to 1835. Do. Entry Books, 1765 to 1817. Law Papers (Attorney and Solicitor-General's Reports, Opinions, &c.) 1684 to 1768 (with Calendar). Law Reports. 1757 to 1834. Letter Books (King's). 1688 to 1806 Do. do. (Ireland). 1683 to 1828. Do. (Secretary's). 1688 to 1782. Do. (Scotland). 1713 to 1725. Do. (Signet Office). 1627 to 1747. Do. do. (Irish). 1747 to 1827. Military Commissions. 1706 to 1772. A small collec- tion of original Military Commissions of various dates. Military Entry Books. 1670 to 1831. Militia Correspondence, &c. 1694 to 1820. Ordnance : Correspondence, &c. 1732 to 1830. Entry Books. 1760 to 1855. Passes (for ships). 1625 to 1784. Petitions, Reports, &c. 1636 to 1830. Post Office Correspondence. 1704 to 1830. Precedent Books. Car. II. to 1782. Regencies, Correspondence, <&c. 1689 to 1779. Do. Lords Justices' Warrants, Minutes, &c., 1695 to 1762. Scotland, Correspondence, &r, 1688 to 1830. Index, 2 Vols. MS. Do. Warrants for, see " Warrant Books." Signet Bills. 1661 to 1833. Docqiiets. 1584 to 1835. Indexes. 1584 to 1829. Signet Office Letter Books, see " Letter Books." Treasury and Custom", Correspondence, &o. 1729 to 1830. Treasury Entry Book. 1763 to 1815. Volunteer Corps, Correspondence, &c. 1745 to 1822. War Office Correspondence, &c. 1716 to 1823. Warrant Books. Elizabeth to 1829. Do. (for Scotland). 1670 to 1829. Warrants (Lords Justices'), &c. See " Regencies." [A printed List of the Home Office Records open to public inspection, is issued for use in the Search Rooms.] 90 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (ooatinued). Lord Chamberlain's Department. The principal Records of the Lord Ohamberlaia's Department, which are not open to inspection without permission from that Department, consist of voiumea of Accounts, &c., as follows : — Accounts of the Keeper of the Great Wardrobe. 1557 to 1782. Appointment Books. 1660 to 1820. Ceremonies, Records of Masters of the. 1612 to 1846. Coronations, Accounts, &c. relating to. Edward IV. to William IV, Establishment Books of the Household. 1641 to 1759. Funerals and Mourning, Accounts of. 1499 to 1837. Jewels and Plate, Accounts of. 1660 to 1839. Palaces, Accounts and Estimates for. 1802 to 1846. Precedent Books. 1625 to 1733. Recognizances, Entry Books of (with Indexes). 1533 to 1775. Salaries, &c., Accounts of. 1667 to 1782. Theatres, Patents and Licenses for, &c. 1660 to 1820. Warrants, of various kinds. 1628 to 1828. Treasury. The Records of the Treasury are open to public inspec- tion to 31 Dec. 1759, and include the following principal classes : Appointment Books.. 1705 to 1723. Correspondence (Original). 1557 to 1862.* Crown Lease Books. 1726 to 1758 (Prior to 1726, see " Warrants not relating to money.") Declared Account Books, 1685 to 1767, Disposition Books (Public and Civil List). 1679 to 1834. Entries of Letters authorizing the disposition of money at the Exchequer. Fee Books. 1711 to 1851. Irish Books. 1670 to 1749. Letter Books. 1667 to 1862. Do. (Customs and Excise). 1667 to 1856. Minute Books. 1667 to 1862. Money Books from 1667 to 1839. North Britain Books. ] 690 to 1856. Order Books. 1667 to 1831. Reference Books, 1679 to 1819, * A Calendar of the Treasury Papers from 1557 to 1728, inclUBive, has been printed in the series of " Calendars of State Papers, &c." 9i DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS~(coiitiiiued). Treasury — (continued) . Warrant Books, as follows : Warrant Books (Early), 1634 to 1666. Money Warrants. 1667 to 1849. King's Warrants and Privy Seals from 1667 to 1842. (These correspond with the Pells' Privy Seal Books.) Warrants not relating to money. 1667 to 1849. These contain Treasury constitutions and appoint- ments ; commissions and instructions ; constats, particulars, and other documents relating to Crown Leases (prior to 1726) ; with reports of various kinds. Warrant Books (Lord Chamberlain's). 1716 to 1733. War Office. The War OfEce Records deposited in the Public Record Office are open to public inspection, with a few exceptione, down to June 19, 1837. The classes which are of the most general interest to the public are as follows : — 1. The Muster Rolls and Pay-Lists o£ the various regi- iflents of Horse and Foot from about 1760 to 1837. Do. of Foreign Corps from about 1795 to 1817. Do. of the Militia from about 1780 to 1837. Do. of the Fencible Cavalry and Infantry from 1794 to 1802. Do. of the Volunteers from 1798 to 1814. 2. General Monthly Returns for various Foreign Sta- tions from 1812 to 1837. Do. of Militia from 1760 to 1837. Do. of Fencibles, Yeomanry, and Volunteero, from about 1795 to 1804. Do. of Foreign Corps from about 1800 to 1807. 3. Commission Ledgers, containing the Appointments and Promotions of Officers, fiom about 1680 to 1805. (There is a gap between the years 1748 and 1760.) 4. Inspection Returns from 1750 to 1837. 5. Marching Orders (volumes containing Orders for the marching and removal of the forces) from 1683 to 1837. 6. Establishment Books from 1702 to 1837. 7. Miscellany Books from 1683 to 1820. 8. Original Correspondence from 1758 to 1837. 9. Ordnance : King's Warrant Books from 1642 to 1867. Abolished Offices, &c. The Records of the following Abolished Offices and Expired Commissions of Inquiry, &c., all of which are 92 DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS— (coDtinued), Abolished Offices, &c.— (continued). under the special control of H.M. Treasury, and can only be inspected by the express permission of that Department, have also been de[)osited in the Public Kecord Office: — Abolished OFncKs. Masters in Chancery (deposited pursuant to Stat, 40*& 41 Vict. cap. 55). Metropolitan Buildings^ Registrar of. Eoyal African Company (transferred with the Records of the Treasury). Slave Registration Department. ExpiKED Commissions of Ikquiey, &c, American Loyalist Claims. Boundaries (Municipal). Do. (Parliamentary). Caledonian Canal. Cattle Plague. Census. Civil List Inquiry. Courts of Justice. Customs, Excise, and Public Revenue. Education. Fees of Public Offices. French Refugees. Foreign Claims (Danish, French, German, and S[):iriish). Highland Roads and Bridges. Holyhead Road and Harbour. Irish Reproductive Loan Fund. Oxford University. Polish Refusfees. Port of London Compensalion. Potato Crop Returns. Public Accounts. Public Schools. Public Recnrils. Royal Gardens. Royal Military Canal and Roads. Scottish Harbours. Slave Compensation. State Papers, Publication of. Surinam Absentee Estates. Tyne River. DEPOPULATION. Commissions to inquire into Depopulations, with the Returns thereto. 5 James I. 1 Bundle. Amongst the " Special Commissions " of the Chancery (Petty Bae Office), b^ee COMMISSIONS. ^ ^ -^ s 93 DERELICT LANDS. Commisaions of inquiry concerning Derelict Lands, with the Returns thereto. Car. I. to Vict. 1 Bundle. Amongst the " Special Commissions " of the Chancery (Petty Bag Office). See COMMISSIONS. DOMESDAY BOOKS. Domesday Book. (Exchequek, Treasury of the Re- ceipt.) This important and unique survey of the greater portion of England is the oldest and most valuable record in the national archives, having been completed in the year 1086. Itscompilationwas determined upon at Gloucester by William the Conqueror, in council, in order that he miglit know what was due to hijn, in the way of tax, from his subjects, and that each at the same time might know what he had to pay. It was in fact compiled as mucli for their protection as for the benefit of the sovereign. The commissioners appointed to make the survey were to inquire the name of each place ; who held it in the time of King Edward the Confessor ; the present possessor ; how many hides were in the manor; how many ploughs were in demesne; how many homagers; how many villeins; how many cottars ; how many serving men ; how many free tenants ; how many tenants in soccage ; how much wood, meadow, and pasture ; the number of mills and fish-ponds ; what had been added or taken away from the place ; what was the gross value in tiie time of Edward the Confessor; the. present value ; and how much each free-man or soc- man had, and whether any advance couM be made in the value. Thus could be ascertained who held the estate in the time of King Edward ; who then ht-id it ; its value in the time of the late king; and its value iis it stood at the formation of the survey. So minute was the survey, that the writer of the contemporary portion of the Saxon Chronicle records, with some asperity, " So very narrowly " he caused it to be traced out, that there was not a single " hide, nor one virgate of laud, nor even, it is shame to " tell, though it seemed to him no shame to do, an ox, nor " a cow, nor a swine was left, that was not set down." The Domesday Survey is in two parts or volumes. The first, in folio, contains the counties of Bedford, Berks, Bucks, Cambridge, Chester and Lancaster, Cornwall, Derby, Devon, Dorset, Gloucester, Hants, Hereford, Herts, Huntingdon, Kent, Leicester and Rutland, Lincoln, Mid- dlesex, Northampton, Nottingham, Oxford, Salop, Somer- set, Stafford, Surrey, Sussex, Warwick, Wilts, Worcester, and York. The second volume, in quarto, contains the counties of Essex, Norfolk and Suffolk, and appears to con- eist of the Draft Returns for those counties. For some reason 94 DOMESDAY BOOKS— (continued). left unexplained, many parts were left unsurveyed ; North- umberland, Cumberland, "Westmoreland, and Durham, are not described in the survey ; nor does Lancashire appear under its proper name ; but Furness and the northern part of Lancashire, as well as the south of Westmoreland, with a part of Cumberland, are included within the West Hiding of Yorkshire. That part of Laucashire which lies between the Ribble and Mersey, and which at the time of the survey comprehended 688 manors, is joined to Cheshire. Part of Rutland is described in the counties of Northampton and Lincoln. Domesday Book was printed verbatim et literatim during the last century, in consequence of an address of the House of Lords to King George IIL in 1767. It was not, how- ever, commenced until 1773, and was completed early in 1783. In 1816, an additional volume was published under the direction of the Record Commissioners, containing Records supplementary to the Domesday Survey, consisting of: — (1.) The " Exoisr Domesday," the original of which is preserved amongst the muniments of the Dean and Chapter of Exeter Cathedral. This volume com- prises the counties of Wilts, Dorset, Somerset, Devon, and Cornwall, and is supposed to contain, so far as it extends, an exact Transcript of the original Returns made by the Commissioners at the time of the General Survey from which the Great Domesday itself was compiled. (2.) The " Inquisitio Eliensis," a document similar in nature to the foregoing, relating to the pro- perty of the Monastery of Ely. It is preserved in a Register of the Monastery remaining among the Cottonian MSS. in the British Museum [Tiberius A. VI.], and belongs apparently to the twelfth century. Another copy of this Inquisi- tion is contained in the Chartulary of Ely preserved at Trinity College, Cambridge. (3.) The " WiNTON Domesday," now in the Library of the Society of Antiquaries, consisting of a Survey taken before William, Bishop of Winchester, between the years 1107 and 1128, for the pur- pose of ascertaining what lands were held in Winchester by Edward the Confessor as of his own demesne. (4.) The " BoLDON Book," or Survey of the Palatinate of Durham, taken by command of Hugh Pudsey, Bishop of Durham, in the year 1183. This volume apparently took its name from the villao-e of Boldon, near Sunderland, reference to whick 95 DOMESDAY BOOKS— (continued). is frequently made in the survey. The original Manuscript is lost, but there are four copies now extant : one, formerly in the Auditor's Office, Durham, now in the Public Record Office ; one in the Library of the Dean and Chapter of Durham ; one in the Bodleian Library ; and one amongst the Stowe MSS. at the British Museum. An Introduction to Domesday Book, by Sir H. Ellis, with Indexes of Tenants-in-Chief and Under- Tenants, &c., was published in 1833 in 2 Vols. Svo. A Facsimile of Domesday Book, taken by Photozinco- graphy, was completed in 1863. It is in 33 Parts, one for each County. Domesday Book, Abbreviation of. (Exchequer, TeeAsuey or the Heceipt.) An abridgment of Domesday Book in one very beautiful volume, apparently compiled early in the reign of Edward I. Domesday Book, Absteaot of. (Exohequee, Q. R.) A volume described as a " Breviate of Domesday with other matters," being a transcript of Domesday Book, omitting the enumeration of villeins, bordarii, and stock, and con- taining various Notes and Memoranda of historical and other matters. [Misc. Boolis, Vol. 1.] EAST INDIA COMPANY. Charter of Incorporation, dated 22 July 1 702. {Patent Roll, 1 Anne, Part 10, No. l.J Surrender of Charters, dated 7 May 1709. [Patent Roll, 8 Anne, Part 1, No. 8.] Charters of Incorporation, dated 24 September 1726. [Patent Roll, 13 George I., Part 2, No. 1.] Charters of Incorporation for Madras, Patnam, Bombay, and Calcutta, dated 8 January 1753. [Patent Roll, 26 George 11, Part 2, No. 2 l.J An Indenture, dated 2 July 1702, between the Queen of the first part, the Governor and Company of Merchants of London, trading to the East Indies, of the second part, and the English Company trading to the East Indies of the third part ; containing an Agreement between the two companies that after the lapse of seven years the whole trade to the East Indies should be carried on by the said English company. [Misc. Books, d-c, Exchequer, Q. R., Vol. 36.] See also DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. Colonial Office. 96 ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS. Tlie documenis relating to the History and Revenues of the Church (exclusive of those directly concerning the dissolved monasteries, tkc. and their possessions, which are described under the head of MONASTIC FOUNDATIONS, &C.) consist of the Appointments to Bishoprics, with the Congds d'elire, Writs of Restitu- tion of Temporalities, and other documents subsidiary thereto ; of Accounts of the Tumporalities of the several Bishoprics whilst in the hands of the Crown during the vacancies of their respective Sees, from Hen. III. to Car. I. inclusive; of Inventories of the Goods, Plate, Jewels, Vestments, Bells, &c., of all Cliurches, Chapels, Guilds, Fraternities, or Brotherhoods, throui;,hout Eng- land, taken by the Commissioners appointed for that pur- pose in the reign of Edward VI. ; of Documents relating to the Bargains and Sales of Church Lands by the Commonwealth ; Accounts and other documents relating to the payments and compositions for First Fruits and Tenths; Certificates by the Bishops of the several Dioceses of the Institutions made by them to the livings within their respective Sees, from the reign of Elizabetii to the present time ; the Accounts and Deeds relating to the Augmentation of poor livings under the Statute of Queen Anne, known as Queen Anne's Bounty ; Enrolments of Presentations to Livings in the gift of the Crown and of the Duchy of Lancaster ; the Original Renunciations of the Papal Supremacy by the Clergy throughout England in the reign of Henry VIII. ; Accounts of Clerical Sub- sidies and Imposts from Hen. III. to Will. & Mary ; with Surveys and Valuations »f Ecclesiastical Benefices of various dates, including the celebrated Taxation of Pope Nicholas in the reign of Edward I., the Nonas Rolls or Inquisitiones Nonarum of 14 and 15 Edw. III., which epecify the value of every benefice, stating whether and by how much it exceeded or fell short of the valuation of Pope Nicholas, with the reasons for such variation, the Valor Ecclesiii^ticus of 26 Henry VIII., a few. of the Original Surveys taken during the Commonwealth, and many other Records of a miscellaneous character illustrating the condition of the Church from a very early period. They may be classified as follows: — Benefices, Institutions and Presentations to. Bishops' Certificates of Institutions to Church Livings. (Exchequer, First Fruits and Tenths Department.) 1558 to 1862. 36 Portfolios. These are the Certificates of the induction of Clerks to Livings made by the Bishops of the several Dioceses to the Barons of the Exchequer. The Returns were made hal.f-yearly and are arranged accordino- 97 ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS— (contiaueJ). to Dioceses. They generally give the name of the last incumbent and also the name of the patron. See also the " Composition Books " described under the head of First Fruits and Tenths. Abstracts called " Institution Books," in three series: — Series A. 1556 to 1660. 5 Vols. „ B. 1660 to 1720. 7 Vols. „ C. 1720 to 1838. 3 Vols. Institutions to Livings. (Court of Wards and Liveries.) 19 Jas. I. to 17 Car. I., 1 V^ol., containing the Institutions to Livings the presentation of which was in the hands of the Crown owing to the minority of the Wards. , [Misc. Books, Court of Wards, Vol. 355.] Presentations to Livings in the gift of the Crown. (Chancery.) Enrolled on the Patent Roll?. Index. 1 Edw. I. to 24 Edw. III. 1 Vol. MS. Presentations. (Exchequer, First Fruits and Tenths.) 1703 to 1786. 1 Vol. Presentations to Benefices. (Duchy of Lancasler.) Inrolments of Presentations will be found in the Kegisters of Grants, Patents, &c. There are also Rolls of Presentations as follows : 19-38 Henry VI. 1 Roll. [Miscellanea, Div. XXV. VS. (>).] 1-17 Edward IV. 2 Rolls. [Miscellanea, Div. XXV. X la and X 2b (Fifth Portion). Draft Presentations. Eliz. to Geo. I. 3 Bundles. Benefices, &c., Returns of: The following are amongst the Chancery Miscellaneous Rolls, &c. (Bundle 4) :— No. 7. Certificate of the Sheriff of Cornwall of the number of Churctes, Chapels, and Prebends in that County. 45 Edw. III. No. 8. A similar Certificate from the Sherifi" of Wilts. 45 Edw. III. No. 9. A similar Certificate from the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield. 45 Edw. III. No. 10. Names of Churches in the Deaneries of Wylforde, Lose, Saunford, Ipswich, and Waynford. Edw. III. No. 11. Account of Ecclesiastical Benefices in England held by Roman Cardinals. Edw. III. No. 12. Return of the value of Churches, Chapels, Rectories, Parsonages, &c. in the County of Wilts. 3 Edw. VI. No. 13. Presentments of Jurors appointed to inquire con- cerning Ecclesiastical Benefices in the Counties of Cambridge, Derby, and Wilts. 1650. No. 14- A Commission to ascertain the number and value of Churches, Chapels, &c. in the County of Wilts. 1660. V 55672. G 98 ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS— (continued). Benefices, &c., Returns of — (continued). No. 15. A Commission to inquire concerning Ecclesiastical Benefices in various Parishes in the County of South- ampton. 1657. No. 16. A Commission and Presentment of Jurors concern- ing Ecclesiastical Benefices in the Parishes of St. Helen and St. Nicholas, in Abingdon, Berks. 1657. No. 17. A List of Parishes in different Counties. 1657. Bishoprics, Henry the Eighth's Scheme of. A book containing a scheme for certain new Bishoprics and Colleges to be erected by Henry the Eighth from the revenues of the dissolved monasteries, &c., showing the amounts to be expended in stipends, &c. [^Misc. Books {Augmentation Office), Vol. 24.] Bishops' Patent Rolls. Chancery (Petty Bag Office). 9-10 Geo. I. to 11 Geo. TV. These rolls include, besides the appointments of the Bishops, the congds d'^lire, and Royal Assents, and also the Patents of Assistance and Writs of Restitution of Temporalities. The patents of " Searchers" and " Customers," though of a very different nature, were also formerly entered on these rolls. At an earlier period, the Patents relating to Bishops' appointments were entered on the general Patent Rolls, and those of Officers of Customs on the Fine Rolls. Bishops' Patents. Chancery (Petty Bag Office). George I. to George IV. These are the original Patents or Privy Seal Bills for the appointment of l?ishops and consist of 8 Bundles or Parts. They are enrolled, together with the " Customers' Patent^," on the " Bishops' Patent Rolls." Bishops' Temporalities, Accounts of. Henry III. to Charles I. See MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c. Bishops' Lands, Proceeds of the Sale of. (Treasurers' Accounts), 1646 to 1660. \^Audit Office Declared Accounts, Bundle 367.] Ohuech Goods, Inventories of. (Miscellanea, Ex- chequer, Q. R.) Edward VI. These are Inventories, taken by the Commissioners appointed for that purpose in the 6th year of Edward the Sixth, of all manner of " goodes, plate, juells, vestyments, " bells, and other ornyments within every paryshe belonging '■' or in any wyse apperteyning to any Ohurche, Chapell, •" Brotherhed, Gylde, or Fraternytye within this our Realme " of Englond ;" together with Indentures of the delivery of such goods and ornaments as were allowed to remain in the hands of the Churchwardens for the use of the several churches. 99 ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS -(continued). There are also a few Returns to similar Oommissiona issued in the second year of the same reign. Catalogue. Eeport VII., App. II., pp. 315-336 ; and Report iX., App. II., pp. 237-242. Descriptive Slips. 4 Vols. MS. Do. (Exchequer Augmentation Office.) Edward VI. 21 Vols. {Misc. Books, Vols. 495 to 515.] Descriptive Slips (as above). Do. (Land Revenue Office.) Henry VIII. to Philip and Mary. Descriptive List. Church Lands, Deeds of Bargain and Sale of. Temp. Commgnwealth. Enrolled on the Close Kolla. See '• Palmer's Indexes." Vols. 78 to 81. , Surveys of. See Surveys and Valuations. , Abstracts of Leases of. (Lands belonging to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.) 1583 to 1600. [S. P., Dom., Elizabeth. Vol. 277. (Calendared.)] Church Lands and Tithes, Proceedings relating TO. (Miscellanea, Exchequer Q. R.) Edward 11. to James I. A few Transcripts of Proceedings in various Courts, and other documents relating principally to the possession of tithes in various parishes. Descriptive Slips. Clerical Subsidies, Accounts of. (Miscellanea, Exchequer, Q. R.) Hen. III. to Will, and Mary. These consist principally of the Accounts of the Collectors of the Subsidies granted by the Clergy in the several Dioceses, and give the amount assessed on each Benefice and sometimes the name of the person by whom it was paid. They include some of the original Rolls of the Taxation of Pope Nicholas. Descriptive Slips. 26 Vols. Clerical Subsidies, Warrants for the Payment of. (Exchequer, Treasury or the Receipt.) Henry VIII. A box containing Writs or Warrants under the seal of the Court of First Fruits and Tenths, directing the payment of Clerical Subsidies. Clerical Contributions and Subsidies, Accounts OF, called " Clergy Diocesan Returns " (Audit Office). Accounts of the benevolent contribution of three shill- ings in the pound on tlie annual value of each Arch- bishopric, Bishopric, Deanery, &c., from 1587 to 1589. G 2 100 ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS— (continued). Accounts of the Archbishops and Bishops of the annual payments of Tenths on Benefices and Promotions. 29 He,>ry VIII. to 10 Charles I. Accounts' of Keceivers-General of the Tenths of the Clergy. 1647 to 1659. Accounts of the Archbishops and Bishops of the sub- sidies paid in their several Dioceses. 33 Henry VIII. to 2 & 3 Ph. and Mary. ECCLKSIASTICAL, CaTJSEP, ACCOUNTS, &C., OF THE COM- MISSIONEES FQK. (MiSCELLANEA, EXCHEQUER Q. E.) Elizabeth and .Tames I. Tliese consist of the accounts of the Fines and Penalties imposed by the Commissioners for Ecclesiastical causes, and of Bonds given by various persons for personal appear- ance, nr tliat they would not confer with Jesuits, seminary priests, or known recusants. Descriptive Slips. . Ecclesiastical Districts. Deeds for the settlement of Ecclesiastical Districts and of Parish Boundaries are enrolled on the Close Rolls. See DEEDS ENROLLED. Ecclesiastical Mattees, Emtet Books of Lettees, Warrants, &c., eelating to. Chas. IT. to Jas. II. 8 Vols. These include Presentations, Congas d'Elire, Dispensa- tions, and other Documents of a similar nature. [State Papers {Domestic), Entry Books. Charles II. to James 11.^ See also the " CiiURCH Books " amongst the Records of the Home Office. Ecclesiastical Taxations. Taxation of Pope Nicholas. (Exchequer, Q. R.) 21 Edward I. The two volumes bearing this title contain a valuation of all the Ecclesiastical Benefices in the Provinces of York and Canterbury respectively, made by command of Ed- ward I. and completed about the .year 1291. In 1288 Pope Nicholas the Fourth, from whom the valuation takes its name, granted all tlie tenths due from the Clergy to the King for six years in order to defray the expenses of an expedition to the Holy Land, and this valuation vras then begun by the Royal precept, in order that the said tenths might be collected to their full value. Until the Survey taken in the 26th year of Henry the Eighth called the "Valor Ecclesiiisticus" the "Taxation of Pope Nicholas," or " Taxatio Ecclesiastica," regulated the- amount of the taxes due both to King and Pope. A certified copy of this valuation exists amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls of the Court of Chancery and 101 ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS— (coutinued). the Original Heturns for several Dioceses ^^'i\[ be found amongst the Miscellanea of the Queen's Kemembrancer. The two volumes above described liave been printed in full by the Record Commissioners in I Vol. folio. See also Non^ Rolls. Ecclesiastical Taxations of Ireland. Two Ecclesiastical Taxations of Ireland, dated respec- tively A.D. 1302 and A.D. 1306, are deposited with the " Irish Exchequer " Documents amongst the Miscellanea of the Exchequer Queen's Remembrancer. These have been printed, in extenso, in the Calendar c f "Documents relatin Ms ^ ffl o Indenture of Fine. Kecovebiks. A Recovery in its most extensive sense is a restitution to a former right by the solemn judgment of a Court of Justice. What is generally termed a Common Recovery was, however, a judgment in a fictitious suit brought against the tenant of the freehold, which was obtained in consequence of a default made by the person last vouched 120 PINES AND RECOVERIES— (continued). to warranty in such fictitious suit. It is stated to have owed its origin to a practice introduced by the Religious Houses in the reign of Edward I. of bringing actions for the recovery of lands, to which they set up a fictitious title, in order by so doing to elude the Statute of Mort- main and obtain, by a sentence of the law, those lands which they were otherwise precluded from acquiring. It was not, however, till the reign of Edward IV. that Common Recoveries were generally introduced and recog- nised as an ingenious and effectual means of putting an end to all fettered inheritances and of barring estates tail and all remainders and reversions expectant thereon. Though a Recovery, generally speaking, was a more extensive species of conveyance than a Fine to guard an estate against all claims and encumbrances, the operation of each was frequently necessary in aid of the other. A fine was thus often levied for the purpose of creating a good Tenant to the Praecipe on which the Recovery was suffered, while a Recovery was suffered in order to operate as a discontinuance of an estate-tail, or for the purpose of barring remainders or reversions consequent thereon, and such a conveyance by Fine andReeovery barred all the luorld. A Fine is technically said to be levied, a Recovery to be suffered. These terms have, however, not imfrequeutly been confounded. Recoveries were of two kinds, either by single or by double voucher, and were effected in the following manner:— Suppose A.B. to be the Tenant-in-tail in possession of a freehold, and to be desirous of barring all entails, &c. thereon, and of conveying the same in fee-simple to CD. The first step in the proceedings is for C.D., who is then called the Demandant, to bring an action against A.B. for the recovery of the lands in question, alleging that the Tenant has no legal title thereto, but that he only came into possession after one Hugh Hunt had turned him, the Demandant, out therefrom. This he does by suing out a writ called, from its initial words, " Praecipe quod reddat." The Tenant appears thereto and defends his right, " vouching " or calling to warranty a third person, who was hence called the Vouchee. The Demandant then craves leave of the Court to imparl, or confer with the Vouchee in private, after which he returns again to the Court, but the Vouchee, although solemnly called, " cometh not again, but departeth in contempt of Court," and makes default, whereupon judgment is given for the Demandant to recover the lands in question against the Tenant, who on his part may recover lands of equal value from the Vouchee ; but the latter having no lands of his own, being usually the Crier of the Court (who from being frequently thus 121 FINES AND RECOVERIES— (continued). vouched is called the Common Vouchee), the Tenant has only a nominal recompense, and the lands become abso- lutely vested in the Demandanthy juigment of the common law, a writ being directed to the Sheriff of the County to deliver seisin thereof. The Recovery above described is by a single voucher only ; the Recovery by double voucher differed from this by the estate being first conveyed, either by Fine or by Indenture, to some indifferent person against whom the Praecipe or Writ was issued, and who was thence called the Tenant to the PrcBcipe, He vouched or called to War- ranty the actual Tenant-in-tail, who in his turn vouched tlie Common Vouchee, who made default as before. This was much the giore effective and common form of Reco- very, for if the Recovery were had against the Tenant-in- tail directly, it barred only such estate in the premises as he was then actually seised of ; whilst if the Recovery were brought against another person, and the Tenant-in- tail were called to Warranty, he thereby barred every latent right and interest he might have therein. As the most usual form of Fine, that " sur cognizance de droit come ceo, &c.," conveys an absolute estate without any limitations to the cognizee, and as Common Recoveries do the same to the Recoveror, these assurances could not be made to answer the purpose of family settlements unless their force and effect were subjected to the declaration of other more complicated deeds wherein particular uses can be more particularly expressed. If these deeds are made previous to the Fine or Recovery, they are called deeds to lead the uses ; if subsequent, deeds to declare them ; and the Fine, when levied or the Recovery when suffered, shall enure to the uses so specified, and to no other. For although the Cognizee or Recoveror has a Fee-Simple vested in him by the Fine or Recovery, yet by the opera- tion of this deed he becomes a mere instrument or con- duit-pipe, seized only to the use of the persons specified in the settlement in successive order, such uses coming imme- diately into execution. The enrolment of Deeds to lead or declare uses was not compulsory, and, such Deeds being generally of a more or less confidential nature, was not often resorted to. They might, however, be enrolled in any Court of Law within six months of the date of their execution. The following List embraces the principal documents relating to Fines and Recoveries amongst the Records of the Courts of Common Pleas, and in the several Courts of th,e Principality of Wales and of the Counties Palatine of Chester, Durham, and Lancaster : — ]22 FINES AND RECOVERIES— (continued). Common Pleas. Affidavits to Moderate Fines (Alienation Office). 1802 to 1834. These state the amount of the Purchase Money, &c. Affidavits on Waerants of Attorney for suffering Eecoveries. 1744 to 1834. Fines, Feet of. Henry II. to 6 William IV. From Henry II. to Henry VIII., the Feet of Fines are arranged alpha- betically in Counties. Subsequently to the latter reign, they are arranged chronologically Term by Term. Fines, Concords op. 1 Eliz. to 6 Will. IV. Fines, Notes of. 1 Hen. VIII. to 4 Will. IV. Fines, Proclamations of, 1687 to 1780. 1 Vol. Fines and Eecoveries, Inrolments of Writs for. 23-24 Eliz. to 10 Anne. King's Silver Books. Eliz. to Will. IV. These books contain Abstracts of the Fines, giving the names of the parties and full particulars of the premises. Before George I. the series is very imperfect. King's Silver Enrolments. These are entries of the payment of King's Silver enrolled on the Eecovery KoUs, of which they form a distinct branch. Recovery Rolls or " Placita Terr^." Easter, 25 Eliz- abeth to 1834. Before Easter, 25 Elizabeth, see " Placita de Banco." The Recovery Rolls consist of three portions : 1. Enrolments of " Common Recoveries " and also of Real Eecoveries, or " Writs of Right." 2. Enrolments of the payment of King's Silver for license to levy Fines. 3. Enrolments of Deeds and other Instruments. Remembrance Rolls foe Recoveries. 1770 to 1850. These contain entries of praecipes for suffering common Recoveries with the record of the Tenants' appearances in Courtjthe names of the Demandants, Tenants, andVouchees, and the particulars of the lands to be passed. The last of these Rolls, extending from 1834 to 1850, contains enrolments of admissions to prosecute and defend by guardians. Rules to amend Fines and Recoveries. Geo. Ill, to Will. IV. Rules and Orders to pass Fines and Recoveries. 1797 to 1834. Warrants of Attorney foe suffering Recoveries. See Affidavits on Warrants of Attorney. Writs of Covenant. 1 Edw. III. to 1834. 123 FINES AND RECOVERIES— (continued). Common Pleas— (continued). Writs of Covenant, Extracts from. (Alienation Office.) 1576 to 1837. 135 Vols. Indexes. 102 Vols. Writs of Entry in Recoveries, Extracts from. (Alienation Office.) 1595 to 1835. 33 Vols. Indexes, 1660 to 1834. 27 Vols. The means of reference to Fines and Recoveries are as follows : — Feet of Fines, Transcripts of. Ric. I. and John. Bedford to Dorset. Printed in 2 Vols. 8vo. Do. Ebor to Warwick. 7 Vols. MS. Feet of Fines, §sc., Indexes to {for certain Counties). Ric. I. to Hen. VIII. 37 Vols. See LE NEVE'S INDEXES. Feet of Fines, Index to. 1 Hen. VIII. to 58 Geo. III. 56 Vols. MS. Do. 58 Geo. III. to 1839. 5 Vols. MS., called " Index to Notes of Fines." Do. 1611 to 1835, 54 Vols. MS., called " En- try Books of Fines, and of Writs of Entr}* in Recoveries." Recoveries, Indexes to. 7 Hen. VIII. to 5 Will. IV. 37 Vols. MS. Welsh. Courts. The original Writs, Concords, and frequently the Chiro- graphs OF Fines and the Praecipes and Warrants of Attorney, &c. for Recoveries are arranged in Files or Bundles for the following Counties; the Recoveries being also enrolled in full on the Plea Rolls : — Anglesey. 1 Jas. II. to 11 Geo. IV. Brecon. 1 Eliz. to 1 Will. IV Cardigan. 2 Edw. VI. to 1 Will. IV. Carmarthen. 2 Eliz. to 1 Will. IV. Carnarvon. 1 Jas. I. to 11 Geo. IV. Denbigh. 3 & 4 Phil, and Mary to 1 Will. IV. Flint. Hen. VI. to 1 Will. IV. Glamorgan. 34 Hen. VIII. to 1 Will. IV. Merioneth. 7 Jas. I. to 1 Will. IV. Montgomery. 1 Eliz. to 1 Will. IV. Pembroke. 2 & 3 Phil, and Mary to 11 Geo. IV. Radnor. 1 Mary to 1 Will. IV. The means of reference are as follovsrs : — Docket Books of Fines and Recoveries. (Anglesea, Carnarvon, and Merioneth.) 1803 to 1830. 1 Vol. (Brecon, Radnor, and Glamorgan.) 1686 to 1830. 5 Vols. 124- PINES AND RECOVERIES— (contmued). Welsh Courts — (continued). (Cardigan.) 1739 to 1830. 3 Vols. (Carmarthen.) 1792 to 1815. 2 Vols. (Denbigh.) 1792 to 1806. 1 Vol. (Flint.) 1 Eliz. to 1 Will. IV. See "Docket Books, Chester and Flint." (Montgomery.) 1790 to 1830. " Entry Book." 1 Vol (Pembroke.) 1739 to 1798. 1 Vol. Remembrance Rolls of Recoveries. (Cardigan.) 1 Jas. II. to 1 Will. IV. (Carmarthen.) 1657 to 1 Will. IV. (Pembroke.) 1 Anne to 1 Will. IV. N.B. — The Docket Kolls and Docket Books of Pleas also contain entries of Fines and Recoveries. See JUDI- CIAL PROCEEDINGS. Palatinate of Chester. Fines and Warrants of Attorney, &c. for Re- coveries. 1 Edw. I. to 1 Will. IV. These are Files or Bundles containing the original Writs, Concords, and frequently the Chirographs of the Fines and the Praecipes and Warrants of Attorney for Recoveries. Calendar. Edw. I. Printed. Report XXVIII. App., pp. 6-19. Docket Books of Fines and Recoveries. 1 Henry VIII. to 1 Will. IV. 12 Vols. MS. Fines, Enrolments of. 3 Edw. III. to Jas. I. Recoveries, Enrolments of. 1 Hen. VIII. to WiU. IV. The ReQoveries are enrolled in full on the Plea Rolls, reference to them being made by means of the " Docket Books of Fines and Recoveries." Palatinate of Durham. Fines, Recoveries, and Feet of Fines. Edw. VI. to 1834. 192 Bundles. \Pr otlionotar}/ s Records, Nos. 1 to 192.] In these bundles are contained the " I'ines " (that is to say, tlie Writs of Prjecipe, Writs of Dedimus Potestatem, and Concords of Fines) ; the Chirographs or " Feet of Fines ; " and the Writs of Prsecipe, &c. in Recoveries, since 25 Car. II., there being generally one file of each class for the year. Before that date tlie bundles consist almost entirely of Chirogrnphs or Feet of Fines. 125 PINES AND RECOVERIES— (continued). Palatinate of Dxirham — (continued). The Recoveries are enrolled at length on the Judgment Rolls. Index to Fines. Hen. VI. to 31 Eliz. 1 Vol. [Prothonotary's Records, No. 1242.] Drafts of Recoveries. 1770 to 1833. 3 Vols. [Prothonotary' s Records, Nos. 427 to 429.] Writs of PrjECIpk quod Redbat, Warrants op At- torney, Writs of Dedimus Potestatem, and other PROCEEDINGS IN RECOVERIES. 35 Oar. II. tO 1785. 8 Bundles. [Cursitor's Records, Nos 199 to 206.] Palatinate of Lancaster. Feet of Fines, Concords, &c. In bundles. From John of Gaunt (1362) to 4 Will. IV. Fines, Enrolments of. 29 Eliz. to 4 Will. IV. Before 29 Elizabeth the Fines are enrolled on the Plea Rolls. Recoveries. The Recoveries are enrolled in full on the Plea Rolls. Indexes, as follows: — Docquet Rolls. 1362 to 34 George II. These refer to the Pleadings as well as to the Fines and Recoveries. Docquet Rolls of Fines and Recoveries. 1 to 52 George III. Referring to Fines and Recoveries only. Docquet Rolls of Fines. 1 to 27 George II. Referring to Fines only. Docquet Boohs. 49 George III. to 4 William IV. 2 Vols. MS. called "Draft Docquets of Fines and Recoveries." FORESTS, PARKS, AND CHASES. A Forest was a portion of territory consisting both of woodlands and pastures circumscribed by certain metes and bounds within which the right of hunting was reserved exclusively to the King, and subject to a code of special laws frequently of exceptional severity. It had its own Courts for the administration of the Forest Laws, con- sisting of a Court of Justice Seat, a Court of Swainmote, and a Court of Attachments. The first of these was presided over by a Justice in Eyre of the Forests, who went his circuit once in every three years for the purpose of ti'ying the oifences presented at the two inferior courts, of which, the Court of Swainmote was held three times a year, and the Court of Attachments, or Woodmote Court, 126 FORESTS, PARKS, AND CHASES— (continued). every forty clays. The Justices in Eyre were appointed early in the reign of Henry II., and were two in number, one for the North and one for the South side of Trent. The principal Officers of the Forest were the Verderers, who acted as judges of the Swainmote Court and directors of all the other officers ; the Regarders, who made a regard or Survey of the Forest every third year to inquire con- cerning all offences against the Forest Laws, and concern- ing Assart Lands, or lands cleared of forest growth and put under cultivation, for which Fines or Rents were due to the King, and Purprestures or encroachments of any kind for which similar payments were exacted ; the Agistors, who regulated the sums paid for the Agistment or pasturage of cattle; Foresters, Woodwards, and others. A Chase was, like a Forest, unenclosed and defined by metes and bounds only, but it had no particular laws or courts, offenders therein being punished according to the Common Law of England, nor had it the same officers as a Forest, but only Keepers and Woodwards. A Park was of the same nature as a Chase, with the exception that it was always enclosed by a wall or pale. Finally, Parks and Chases might be held by any subject, whilst a Forest could, strictly speaking, only be held by the King, who alone could create a Justice of the Forest. The Royal Forests were 69 in number, besides thirteen Chases and more than seven hundred Parks. With the exception of the New Forest, which was formed by William the Conqueror, the origin of the Royal Forests cannot be exactly traced. The bounds of the Forests were largely increased during the reigns of Henry II., Richard I., and King John, but by the Chartse de Foresta of the second and ninth years of Henry III. it was enacted that the Royal Forests should be reduced to their ancient limits, and that those portions which were not the ancient demesne of the King should be disafforested. In order to carry this into effect several Perambulations of the Forests were made during the reigns of Henry III. and Edward I., which were subsequently confirmed by Statute 1 Edw. III., c. 1. Perambulations of the Royal Forests were also made in the I7th year of Charles I. The Accounts relating to the Royal Forests and of the Issues of Assarts and Purprestures were enrolled at first on the Pipe Rolls, and subsequently on the Rolls of Foreign Accounts. A very large collection of original Accounts of the Foresters, or " Custodes Forestarum," also exiafs amongst the Miscellanea of the Exchequer. 127 FORESTS, PARKS, AND CHASES— (continued). Subsequent to the establishment of the Court of General Surveyors of the King's Lands and of the Court of Augmentations the management of the Royal Forests was vested in the hands of Special Officers belonging to those Courts, and the Accounts relating thereto will be found in the General Series of MINISTERS' AND RE- CEIVERS' ACCOUNTS. The following classes of Records relate to this sub- ject :— Accounts, &c. eelating to the Royal Forests. (Mis- cellanea, Exchequer, Q. R.) Henry II, to James I. These consist of Accounts of the Issues of the Royal Forests, Presentments, and Certificates of Wastes and Spoils, Proceedings in the Forest Courts, &c., &c. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. Accounts of the deer in the Royal Parks and Forests, 1616 to 1674. [Audit Office, " Declared Accounts;' Bundles 846 and 847.] PlACITA FORESTiE OR FOREST PROCEEDINGS. (CHANCERY.) John to Charles I. These consist of Perambulations, Claims, Presentments, and other proceedings before the Justices in Eyre of the Forests, Enrolments of Grants and Deeds relating to lands in the Royal Forests, and other documents of a similar nature. Those of an early date, i.e., from John to Edward III., are in one Bundle entitled "De Antiquis Forestis," those from Henry VIII. to Charles I. consisting of 155 Bundles, of which, as well as of the earlier proceedings, an Inventory is printed in Report V., App. II., pp. 46-56. Two Perambulations of the Forests dated 7 Edward I. and 29 Edward I. formerly amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls have J)een added to the Bundle " De Antiquis Forestis " ; and a Bundle of Perambulations dated 17 Charles I. will be found amongst the " Special Commissions," &c. formerly in the Petty Bag Office. There are also " Swainmote Court Rolls," of Windsor Forest, from 2 Edw. VI. to 14 Charles I., an Inventory of which is printed in Report V, App. II., pp. 57-59. Index. 1 Vol. MS. Do. (Exchequer, Treasury op the Receipt.) Henry III. to Charles II. These consist of Pleas, Inquisitions, Claims, Perambu- lations, and otiier proceedings relating to the Royal Forests of various dates. They were formerly deposited with the so-called " County Bags " of Miscellanea. There is also a box [No. 153] containing Perambulations and Inquisitions "de statu Forestarum" in Divers Counties 128 FORESTS, PARKS, AND CHASES— (continued). Placita Forests, &c. — (continued). (citra Trentram), and many documents of a similar nature exist amongst the Miscellanea arranged chronologically, of which there are descriptive slips. Calendars. .3 Vols. MS. The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Exchequer, Treasiiry of the Eeceipt : — Ai*3. Transcripts of " arrentations," or demises of assarts and wastes, &c. in divers Forests. 9-35 Edw. I. O^Jj. Perambulations, Pleas, &c. relating to Sherwood Forest. Hen. Til. to Edw. III. Of. The " Blaok Book of the Forests " ; a " perfect view and declaration " of every head of game, &c. in all the King's Forests north of Trent. 30 Hen. VIII. Do. (Domestic State Papers.) A Book of Orders concerning the Royal Forests. 1637 to 1648. (Calendared.) [To. 10. Proceedings by the Commissioners of the Kings of England and Prance with reference to the losses, &c. suffered by their respective subjects in times of Truce. 10 Edw. II. No. 11. An account of the injuries done to the subjects of the King of England in Grasoony. 15 Edw. II. No. 12. A roll entitled " Gravamina de quibus couqueruntur Consules et Universitas villee Marmandse contra do- minum de Lebreto." 15 & 16 Edw. II. No. 13. Notarial copy of a Trial in Gascony between Aa- salhita the wife of John de Brulhon and Galhard de Pangeriis. 18 Edw. II. No. 14. A roll entitled "Be antiquis libertatibus gentium civitatis Baions." 18 Edw. IL No. 15. Allegations of injuries sustained by the King's subjects in Gascony. Edw. II. No. IC. Petitions from the officials of the Cities of Agen and Condom and other towns in the Seneschaloy of Agenois. Edw. II. No. 17. Grant from the King of England to Bertrand de Guto, of the Castle, &c. of Blanquefort, in Guienne. Edw. II. No. 18. Examination of Witnesses in a cause between Wil- liam Arnald of Campania, the King's Serjeant in Saintonge, and certain men of Spain. Edw. II. No. 19. Inquisition concerning the possessions lost in Gascony by Amanevus de Possato during the wars of Edward II. 2 Edw. III. No. 20. Valuation of the Castle of Chayrak in Saintonge, lost by Pontius, Lord of Castellion, one of the King's adherents. 6-7 Edw. III. No. 21. Appeal by the King's subjects in Aquitaine against the Proctor of the King of France. 9 Edw. III. No. 22. A Memorial addressed to the King and Council touching the affairs of Gascony. Edw. III. No. 23. Memorials by the Seneschal of Gascony and the Constable of Bordeaux. Edw. III. No. 24. Articles contained in the letters of the Seneschal of Gascony. Edw. III. No. 26. Depositions of witnesses concerning the losses sus- tained by Peter Blanc and his father by the war in Aquitaine. Edw. III. No. 26. Transcripts of Letters by the King of Prance re- nouncing a maletolt granted to him by the town of Bordeaux. 3 Edw. II. No. 27. Proceedings between the King of England, as Duke of Aquitaine, and the Lord da Caumont, concerning the " locus de Gontant." 6 Edw. II. 133 PRANCE, ENGLISH POSSESSIONS IN— (continued). No. 28. A Notarial InBtrnment relating to proceedings in the Court of the King of France by the Procurator of the King of England relating to the Castle of Agen. 16 Edw. II. No. 29. Proceedings before the Bishop of Winchester and others, Commissioners of the King of England, ap- pointed to receive the oaths of the Steward, Nobles, and others of Gascony. 16 Edw. II. No. 30. Enrolment of Writs of Dedimns Potestatem to Ralph Basset de Drayton and others to receive into the King's peace all persons of the Dachy of Aquitaine who are willing to return to their allegiance. 18 Edw. II. No. 31. A Notarial copy of the Will of the Earl of Poictiers and Toulouse. 55 Hen. III. No. 32. Transcripts of the donations made to Stephen de Montferrand by the Lady Margaret his wife, in Gascony, Aquitaine, &c. 3 Edw. I. No, 33. The Petition of Hugh, Earl of March, for the restora- tion of his lands in Saintongo, &c. Edw. I. No. 34. Transcripts of instruments relating to the posses- sions of the said Earl of March. Edw. I. No. 35. A Petition from the Mayor, &c. of the Town of Libourne concerning the losses sustained by them, with the reply thereto. Hen. VI. No. 36. Extents of the lands, &c. belonging lO the Castles and Lordships of Merke, Calais, Sandgate, Guisnes, &c. 10 Hen. V. No. 37. An Inquisition concerning the state of houses and buildings at Calais. 20 Hen. VIII. See also the " Kegistrum Munimentoeum," described under tlie head of REGISTERS AND BOOKS OP REMEMBRANCE, and TREATIES AND DIPLOMATIC DOCUMENTS. GENEALOGY. Recordd of almost every kind may be said to bear in- directly on the subject of genealogical inquiry, but there are certain classes of documents especially rich in information respecting the descent of families, and the ownership of land, the chief of which may be briefly indicated as follows : (1.^ The Inquisitions post mortem, extending from the reign of Henry III. to that of Charles II. These were held on the death of any person holding or supposed to bold lands or tenements as a tenant in capita from the Crown, and state the extent and value of the lands so held, the date of the death of the proprietor, and the name, age, and relationship of the next heir. (2.) The Fine Rolls, extending from the reign of John to that of Charles I., and containing entries of all writs for the livery of lands, grants of wardships and marriages, and other documents incidental to the Feudal Tenures. (3.) The Inquisitions and Books of Knights' Fees from Ileuiv II, to Elizabeth, wliicli state the number of Fees 134 GENEALOGY— (continued). held by the tenants in capita throughout England, accord- ing to the returns made thereof from time to time, for the purpose of levying Scutages and other Feudal imposts ; together with lists of persons in the various counties hold- ing such a quantity of land as qualified them for the order and duties of knighthood. These are fully described under the head of FEUDAL TENURES. (4.) The Parliamentary Writs and "Writs of Summons to Military Service. The Writs of Summons of Peers, Writs and Returns of Members of the House of Commons, Writs of Sum- mons, Commissions of Array, and other documents relating to Military service (including the Scutage and Marshals' Rolls), for the Reigns of Edward I. and Edward II. have been transcribed from the various classes of Records on which they are enrolled and published, together with a Chronological Abstract and Calendar thereof, in 4 Vols, or parts, edited by Sir F. Palgrave. There are also 55 Vols, of similar Transcripts in MS. extending from Edw. III. to Edw. IV., and a Chrono- logical Abstract from 1 to 51 Edw. III. in 8 Vols. (5.) The Accounts, Muster Rolls, Retinue Rolls, and other documents relating to the Army and Navy, from John to Elizabeth, which include Lists of the Knights' and Men-at-arms who served in the Scotch and Welsh wars, the Musters of the Army of Agincourt, and many similar documents. These are fully described under the Title ARMY AND NAVY. (6.) The Chirographs or Feet oe Fines, which extend in an almost unbroken series from Richard I, to William IV., and contain the evidence of almost every transfer of land or other hereditaments which took place between those dates. See FINES AND RECO- VERIES. (7.) The Subsidy Rolls or Accounts of the Collectors of Lay and Clerical Subsidies and other imposts, from Henry III. to Wm. and Mary. In many of these rolls the assessments are set out in full, the names being given of all the persons in each Parish contributing to the Subsidy, Poll Tax, or other levy, with the amounts at which they were assessed, in lands or in goods. They also include voluminous accounts of the Hearth Tax levied in the reign of Charles II., speci- fying the number of Hearths paid for by each contributor. These are further described under the head of TAXA- TION. 135 GENEALOGY— (continued). (8.) The Royalist Composition Papers, or Proceed- ings of the Committee for compounding with the Eoyalist nobility and gentry for the estates forfeited by them during the Commonwealth, which are full of interesting particulars respecting those who favoured the Royal cause. See ROYALISTS AND DELINQUENTS. (9.) The FoKFEiTED Estates Papeks. Temp. George I. These papers contain complete lists of all the persons attainted during the rebellion of 1715, with Rentals and Deeds relating to their estates ; lists of all Popish Recu- sants who had registered their estates, pursuant to the Statute of 1 Geo. I., arranged under counties, and also alphabetically ; and a large collection of informations respecting lands given to Superstitious Uses, all of which are genealogically valuable and interesting. An Inventory of these Papers is printed in Report V., App. II., pp. 97-130. (10.) The Chanceey Proceedings, or Pleadings and Depositions in Chancery Suits, from the reign of Elizabeth to the present time. These are indexed, and frequently contain statements of family relationship extending over several generations. See JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. In addition to the foregoing, attention may be directed to the RoTULUS DE Dominabus or "Ladies' Roll" of 31 Henry II., printed by Stacey Grimaldi for the Society of Antiquaries ; to the Oalendaeium Genealogicum or Calendar of Heirs, Henry III and Edw. I., extracted from the Inquisitions post mortem and the Fine Rolls, printed in the Series of " Calendars of State Papers, &c." ; the Calendar of Proofs op Age, temp. Edward III., printed in Report III., App. IL, p. 202, and Report IV., App. II., p. 131 ; and to the Hundred Rolls, the Assize and Quo Warranto Rolls, the Abbreviatio Placitorum, and other publications of the Record Com- missioners. The Rolls of Common Law Proceedings, although full of invaluable information, are too bulky to invite the attention of the genealogical inquirer, and the absence of complete indexes renders an exhaustive search almost im- practicable ; but the Redisseisin Rolls of the Court of Chancery, which contain enrolments of all writs to the Sheriffs of Counties to re-deliver to successful plaintiffs the lands and tenements of which they had been unjustly deprived, are well worth attention, as containing abstracts of pleadings relating to land. The greater portion of these rolls are printed in the volumes entitled, "Rotulorum 13(1 GENEALOGY— (continued). Originallum Abbreviatio." See CHANCEHY EN- ROLMENTS (VARIOUS). The various series of Court Rolls degcribed in the _ present work, are full of information respecting copyhold tenures. There are amongst the collection known as " Palmer's Indexes " two folio volumes, entitled respectively " Primus Liber Oedularum " and " Secundus Liber Cedularum," (Vols. 102 and 103}, which contain a collection of materials touching the descent of families from 1 Hen. VIIL to 28 Elizabeth, referring apparently to books at the " Herald's College." The " Golden Grove Book," a Genealogical and Heraldic collection relating to Wales, in 4 Vols.', belonging to the Earl of Cawdor, was in 1870 conditionally deposited by liim in the Public Record Office for public use. The following documents relating to the history of private families will be found amongst the " Miscellaneous Rolls," Chancery. The Pedigree of Lord Fitzhugh. Hen. VI. (No. V".) Letters, &c. relating to the Stonor Family. Edw. IV. Letters, &c. relating to the families of Darell, Stonor, &c. Edw. IV.— Eiiz. Papers relating to the title of Lord Rutland and Wm. Darrell, Esq., to the Manor of Chilton Foliot, co. Wilts. Hen. VI.— Eliz. See also DEEDS, ANCIENT. The following, relating chiefly to former Officers of the Court of Exchequer, are amongst the " Miscellanea '* of the Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Fanshaw Papers. Hen. VIIL to Jas. I. Heneage Papers. Hen VIIL and Edw. VI. Holland Papers. James I. Stonley Papers. Elizabeth. There are also amongst the Records of the Augmentation Office the following Chartularies of private families (Calendared in Report VIIL, App. II., pp. 14Y-166) : — A Register of the Jluniments of the family of Beau- champ of Hacche. Hen. III. to Edw. III. Do. of the family of Hull or Hyll. Hen. III. to Edw. IV. GENTLEMEN PENSIONERS. Gentlemen Pensioners Rolls. (Exchequer of Re- ceipt.) 4 & 5 Philip and Mary to 49 George III. These contain yearly or quarterly accounts of the Wages due at the Receipt of the Exchequer to the Captain and other Officers and to the Band of " Gentlemen Pensioners" whose names are specified vsith the amounts due to each. 137 GRAMMAR SCHOOLS. Schools, Documents relating to. (Exchequeb, Aug- mentation Office.) Edward VI. A Package, containing: — (1.) A File of Warrants by the Commissioners appointed in the 2nd year of Edward VI. to take order for the maintenance and continuance of schools and of " preachers, priests, and curates of necessitie " and for the payment of the stipends, &c. allowed by the said Commissioners. (2.) 14 EoUs of Particulars for Grants of lands and tenements in various counties towards the erection nnd maintenance of Free Grammar Schools, dated 5 Edward VI, Licenses for the foundation of Grammar Schools, &c. are enrolled on the Patent Rolls. GUILDS AND FRATERNITIES. Guilds, Certificates of. (Chanceey.) 12 Richard II. These are the Returns made to the King in Council, pursuant to Statute, 12 Ric. II., as to the Ordinances, Usages, and Property, &c. of the various Guilds and Brotherhoods throughout England. Tliey are contained in a Portfolio, placed with the Miscellaneous Rolls of the Court of Chancery. A List of these Certificates arranged under Counties is given in "Palmer's Indexes," Vol. 106. Such of the Returns as are written in English have been printed in full in Toulmin Smith's " Englisti Gilds." See also MONASTIC FOUNDATIONS, &c. HANAPER ACCOUNTS. Accounts of the Clerk of the Hanaper. (Miscel- lanea, Exchequer, Q. R.) Edward I. to Elizabeth. Accounts of the Receipts and Issues by the Clerk of the Hanaper, with Writs, Receipts, and other documents subsidiary thereto. These include accounts of the Fees received on Charters, Patents, and Commissions passing the Great Seal, specifying the names of the persons to whom such Charters, &c. were granted ; and also Accounts o£ the payments of salaries, allowances, and other disburse- ments by the Clerk of the Hanaper to various Officers of the Court of Chancery. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. Accounts of the Clerks of the Hanaper. 1562 to 1827. [Audit Office, " Declared Accounts" Bundles 1,354 to 1420.] 138 HOSPITALS. Accounts of the Eeceivees-Geneeal and Paymasters OF Chelsea Hospital, 16S0 to 1827. \ Audit Office, "Declared Accounts," Bundles 1466 to ^ ^ 1488.] Hospitals and Infirmaries (Various), Accounts of. 1653 to 1809. [Do., Bundles 1503 to 1528.] Greenwich Hospital Accounts. 1702-1724. Accounts of the Household expenses and of repairs and ctlier Works. 4 Vols. [Misc. BooJcs, Excliequer, Q. R., No. 53.] HUNDBED ROLLS. Hundred Rolls. 2 & 3 Edward 1. and 7 & 8 Edward I. The Hundred Rolls contain the Inquisitions taken by \irtue of two Special Commissions issued in the second and seventh years of Edward I. respectively, by which the Commissioners were directed to summon juries to inquire into the King's rights, royalties, and prerogatives, and into the frauds and abuses connected therewith. By them the Crown was furnished with evidence of " all the demesne lands of the Crown, whether ancient or newly acquired by escheat or purchase ; of the manors, &c. formerly in the hands of the Crown, the persons holding the same, by what authority and how alienated ; of the tenants in capite and tenants in ancient demesne ; of the losses sustained by the Crown (in military services and otherwise) by sub-infeudations made by such tenants ; of alienations to the church under the pretext of gifts in frankalmoigne ; of wardships, marriages, escheats, and suits and services withholden and subtracted ; of the fee- farms of the Crown, hundreds, wapentakes, and ty things ; of courts, wreck of the sea, free-chase, free-warren, and other jura regalia; of the oppressions of the nobility, clergy, and others claiming such rights ; of exactions by excessive and illegal tolls in fairs, and for murage, pontage, &c. ; of exactions by sheriffs, escheators, and other minis- terial officers; and of the illegal exportation of wools, &c., &c." Similar inquiries appear to have been held by the Justices Itinerant, both at earlier and subsec[uent dates. The Returns to some of these are placed with the Hundred Rolls, but they are more generally enrolled on the Assize Rolls amongst the " Placita Ooronai " and " Placita de Quo Warranto." A portion only of the Inquisitiones Hundredorum or Hundred Rolls, was returned Into Chancery and deposited in the Tower of London ; the remainder, so far as they exist, together with the Rolls called " Extract Hundred 139 HUNDRED ROLLS— (continued). Rolls," from which the deficiencies can in many cases be supplied, being deposited with the Records of the Treasury of the Receipt of the Exchequer in the Chapter House. Transcripts in full of most of the Hundred Rolls o£ Edward I., together with several Inquisitions, dated 39 Henry Til., have been printed by the Record Commission in 2 Vols., folio, with Indices Nominum and Locorum. N.B. — The Titles of the several Hundred Rolls, as given in the printed volumes, do not appear in the original Roll?, but appear to have been compiled by the editors from the several Commissions and Articles of Inquiry. The Hundred Rolls, both of the Tower and Chapter House Series, have now, for convenience of reference, been placed together in 8 Boxes, the contents of which are set out in the following List : — Hundred Rolls. (The rolls marked with an asterisk have not been printed.) Bedford. (Tower Series.) 7 Edw. I. 2 rolls. >? (Chapter House.) JJ 1 roll. Bucks. (Tower Series.) 5j 5 roUs. Si (Chapter House.) 39 Hen. 11 1.1 and ^18 rolls. 3 Edw. I J Cambridge '. (Tower Series.) 7 Edw. I. 15 rolls. a (Chapter House.) 3 „ 4 rolls.* Derby. (Tower Series.) 3 „ 4 rolls. Devon. (Chapter House.) 3 „ 47 ms. Dorset. » 3 „ 4 ,3 Essex. J) 2 „ 3 rolls. Gloucestei • i) 2 „ 5 ms. 93 » 2 „ 1 roll.* Hereford. i> 3 „ 3 rolls. Hertford. » 3 „ 1 roll. Hunts. (Tower Series.) 7 ,3 5 rolls. >3 (Chapter House.) 3 „ 2 rolls.* Kent. 33 3 33 1 roll. Lincoln. (Tower Series.) 3 „ 30 rolls. London. (Chapter House.) 3 „ 16 ms. SJ >i 3 „ 1 roll. (An " Extract Roll.") a (Tower Series.) 7 Edw. L 26 ms.* Middlesex, jj 7 „ 2 ms.* Norfolk. (Chapter House ) 3 Edw. J. 12 roUs. )j ty Hen. IIL (!) 1 roll, en- titled " De Escheatis, e( i viduis et valettis " &c.* 140 HUNDRED ROLLS— (continued). Northampton. (Chapter House.) 3 Edw. I. 2 rolls. Nottingham. (Tower Seriew.) „ 4 „ Oxford.' ,, 7 ,, 18 ,, Si (Chapter House.) 39 Hen. III."| and w rolls. 2 Edw. I. J Rutland. )9 3 „ 1 roll. Salop. 99 39 Hen. III. "1 and i 23 rolls, 2 Edw. T. J Somerset. )i 2 Edw. I. 25 ms. Southampton. Si 2 & 3 Edw. I. 5 rolls. RtafEord. S9 39 Hen. HI. 1 roll. 35 3» 39 Hen. 111."] and V 2 rolls.* 3 Edw. I. Suffolk. )l 3 Edw. I. 9 rolls. (Roll 9 not printed.) Sussex. iS 3 Edw. I. 1 roll. (An " Extract Roll.") t9 a 3 Edw. I. 1 m.* Warwick. 7 Edw. I. A book of 126 leaves containing Transcripts of the Inquisi- tions for the County of Warwick. [Misc. Boohs, Exchequer Q. E. Vol. 29.] Not printed. Wilts. (Chapter House). 39 Hen. III. 1 roll. 3 Edw. I. 35 ms. „ „ _ „ 1 roll.* Channel Island?. Two rolls of Inquiaitiones Hundredorum relating to Jersey and Guernsey 2 Edw. 1. are placed with the Miscellaneous Rolls, Chancery. [Bundle 2 Nos. 1 and 2.] Extract Hundred Rolls. No. 1. Dorset, Northumberland, EsseXjNorfolk, Suffolk, and Hertford. No. 2. Lincoln, O.xford, Berks, Bucks, Beds, Cam- bridge, Hunts, Devon, and Cornwall. No. 3. York, Somerset, Worcester, Gloucester, Leicester, Warwick, Notts, Derby, Stafford, Northampton, and Rutland. No. 4. Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Hertford, Dorset, and Northumberland. (This roll contains Verdicts " de Minis- tris '' only, and is not printed.) Inquisitions respecting Liberties and Franchises in Divers Counties. 10 Edw. II. A bundle containing 79 Inquisitions, many of which are almost illegible. These have not been printed. 141 INQUISITIONS, "POST MORTEM" AND «AD QUOD DAMNUM," &c. Inquisitions Post Mortem. The documents known as " Inquisitiones post mortem " or " Escheats," consist principally of the inquests which were held on the death o£ any of the King's tenants in capite by the escheator or escheatora of the several counties or districts, who, either by virtue of Writs "de diem clausit extremum " to them directed, or " virtute officii " merely, summoned a jury to inquire upon oath of what lands, &c. such tenant was seized at the time of his death, by what rents or services they were held, and the name and age of the next heir, in order that the King might be duly informed of his right of escheat or wardship or other advantages thereby accruing to him. If the heir was an adult, on his appearance in Court and performance of homage to the King, and on payment of a reasonable fine or relief, the livery and seisin of his lands was granted to him. If, however, he was a minor, he and his lands remained in wardship until he could sue out his writ " de setate proband^," under which process witnesses were examined and their depositions returned into Chancery, when, on being proved of full age, he was released from his ward- ship. These " Proofs of Age " will be found amongst the Inquisitions post mortem. Proceedings "de probatione aetatis " are also entered on the earlier Coram Rege Rolls. [See "Ancient Kalendars of the Exchequer, &c." Vol. 1. p.li.] The earlier Inquisitions post mortem also include the Inquisitions " ad qvod damnum," and a great variety of other documents partaking of the nature of Returns to Writs of Inquiry issued out of the Chancery. Such are Inquisitions respecting Knights' Fees ; Extents of Manors; Inquisitions as to the lands, &c. of Attainted Persons, of Felons, and of Idiots and Lunatics ; inquiries respecting the Liberties and Franchises of Cities and Boroughs, Rights of Fishery, Free-Warren, &c., and respecting the building and repairing of Castles and Bridges ; and Inquests held on appeals of murder and homicide, and respecting trespasses of various kinds and other misdemeanours. The Inquisitions ad quod damnum, from 1 Edward 11. to 39 Henry VI. (with the exception of those of the reign of Richard II.), have been separated from the Inquisitions post mortem, and form a distinct class. Subsequent to the latter date they are again filed with the Inquisitions post mortem. 142 INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM, &c.— (continued). The series of Inquisitions post mortem commences with the earlier portion of the reign of Henry the Third. There is, however, amongst the Miscellanea of the Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer, a roll of a somewhat similar nature, entitled "Rotulus de Dominabus et Pueris et Puellis de " donatione Regis in xij. Comitatibus," which contains Abstracts of Inquisitions taken in the 31st year of Henry the Second, for the purpose of ascertaining the wardships, reliefs, and other profits due to the King from the widows and orphans of his tenants in capite, and minutely describ- ing their ages and heirship, with the quantity and value of their lands, and the stock thereon, &c., &c. See FEUDAL TENURES. There is also amongst the Inquisitions post mortem a Portfolio entitled " Inquisitiones de Rebellihus, anno 49 Henry III.,^' which contains Inquisitions respecting the possessions of such persons as were implicated in the rebellion of the Earl of Leicester, which terminated with the battle of Evesham. The series of Inquisitions post mortem terminates with the abolition of the Court of Wards and Liveries, which took place soon after the Restoration, a few Inquisitions only existing of a later date than 20 Charles I. Transcripts of the Inquisitions post mortem were sent into the Exchequer, where they form a series known as " Esc'heators' Inquisitions," which in many instances supplies the deficiencies of the Chancery series. On the establishment of the Court of Wards and Liveries in the year 31 & 32 Henry VIII., when the heir was found to be a minor, a Transcript was also transmitted to that Court. Commissions of Inquiry respecting Escheats and For- feitures, &c. of a later date than the series of Inquisitions post mortem, with the returns thereto, will be found amongst the " Special Commissions " from the Petty Bag Office and also amongst those of the Queen's Remem- brancer's Department. See COMMISSIONS. Inquisitions ad quod damnum. The Inquisitions ad quod damnum were taken by virtue of Writs addressed to the Escheators of the several counties or districts, when any Grant of a Market, Fair, or other privilege, or a License of Alienation of land was solicited, directing thetn to inquire, by means of a jury, whether such grant would be prejudicial to the interests of the King or of other persons. They were originally filed with the Inquisitions post mortem, but from 143 INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM, &c.— (continued).' 1 Edward II. to 39 Henry VI. (with the exception of those of Eichard II.), form a distinct series. Subsequent to the latter date they are again filed with the Inquisitions post mortem. From the commencement of the reign of James I., the Inquisitions ad quod damnum are amongst the " Beevia Regia," of the Petty Bag Office. See CHANCERY PILES. A list of the several classes of Inquisitions post mortem or ad quod damnum, with the means of reference thereto, is appended. Chancery. Inquisitions post mortem, &c. Henry III, to Charles I., and Miscellaneous (Eliz. to Car. II.) Calendar. Hen. III. to Ric. III. Printed with Indices Nominum and Lccorum. 4 Vols, folio. Indexes. Eic. III. to Car. II. 9 Vols. MS.* See also PALMER'S INDEXES. Inquisitions ad quod damnum. 1 Edw. II. to 39 Hen. VI. Calendar. Edw. II. to lien. VI. Printed in one volume folio, with Indices J^ominum and Locorum. [Before 1 Edw. II. and after 39 Hen. VI., and also for the reign of Richard II., see " Inquisitions post moetem, &C." From and after tlie reign of James I., see " Beevia Regia" (Petty Ba.u Oefice).] Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Inquisitions post moetem (Escheatoes'). Henry III. to James I. See " Escheatoes' Accounts and Inquisitions," under the title ESCHEATS, ATTAINDERS, AND FORFEITURES. Court of Wards and Liveries. Inquisitions post moetem. Henry VIII. to Charles I. These are duplicates of the Chancery Series of Inquisi- tions post mortem which were returned into the Court of Wards and Liveries iu all cases where the next heir was a minor. Lidex. 34 Hen. VIII. to Car. L 2 Vols. MS. • 'Xhese -volumes will be superseded hy the new Inventory of Chancary Inqui- sitions from Henry VII. to Charles 11. which is in progress. 14i INQUISITIONS, POST MORTEM, &c.— (continued). Court of Wards and Liveries — (continued). Inquisitions post mortem, Tkansceipts of. 2 to 23 Henry VIII. 6 Vols. IMisc. Books, Vols. 304 to 309.] Do. Absteacts op. 1 Eliz. to 15 Car. I. 9 VoIb. [Misc. Boohs, Vols. 316 to 324.] Do. Extracts fkom. 8 to 18 Hen. VIII. and Philip & Mary (co. Chester only). 2 Vols. [Misc. Books, Vols. 325-326.] Chronological Index. 34 Hen. VIII. to 41 Eliz. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol. 312.] Alphabetical Calendar. 1 Elizabeth to 7 Jas. I. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol. 311.] Calendar. 7 Eliz. to 15 Car. I. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol. 310.] See also " Palmer's Indexes," Vol. 104. Duchy of Lancaster. Inquisitions post mortem. Edw. I. to Chas. I. Calendar. Printed in the volumes entitled " Ducatus Lancastriae," (Vol. 1, Pars. Prima), with Indices Nominum and Locorum. Palatinate of Lancaster. Inquisitions post moetem. RIc. II. to Eliz. 2 Bundles. Calendar. Printed. Report XXXIX., App., pp. 533-549. Palatinate of Durham, Inquisitions post moetem, &c. Pontificate of Robert Nevill (1438-1457) to Chas. 1. (Cursitor's Records, Nos. 164 to 190.) For Inquisitions prior to the Pontificate of Bp. Nevill, see Inquisitions post moetem, Registees of. Calendar. Report XLIV., App., pp. 310-542. Inquisitions post moetem, Registees of. Abstracts or Transcripts of Inquisitions post mortem during the Pontificates of Bishops Beaumont, Bury, Hatfield, Fordham, Skirlawe, Laiigley, and Nevill. 1318 to 1442. 1 Vol. containing 314 leaves. (^Cursitor's Records, No. 2.) Calendar. Report XLV., App. I., pp. 153-282. Index Locorum. [" Prothonotary' s Records^' No. 1242.] Inquisitions post moetem, Pboofs of Age, and Assignments of Dower, Absteacts of. Temp. Bishop Ruthall. 1509 to 1523. (Cursitor's Records, No. 3.) A manuscript of 63 pages. Index Nominum at the end of the volume. 145 INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM, &c.— (continued). Palatinate of Durham — (continued). Inquisitions post moktem, &c., Abstracts of. Temp. Bishops Bothe and James. 1457 to 1483. A manuscript of 93 folios. (Cursitor's Records, No. 4.) Index Nominum at the end of the vfilume. Inquisitions post moetem, Abstracts of, from the Pontificate of Bishop Beaumont (1318) to the raign of Jnmes I. Arranged alphabetically according to places. Imperfeci", ending with the letter S. A manuscript of 3G3 leaves. (^Cursitors Records, No. 5.) Extents, &c. James I. A manuscript book of a miscellaneous character, oon- sisting of 568 pages, and containing {inter alia) extents of lands in the hatids of the Bishop taken by virtue of Writs of diem clansit extremum, of Mandamus, of Scire facias, Extendi facias, &c. for intrusions into or alienation of lands and tenemtnts without license. (^Cmsitor's Records, No. 7.) Extents tor Alienations without License, &c. A roll of 5 membranes. (Cursitor's Records, No. 198.) Inquisitions ad quod damnum. Geo. II. and Geo. III. A bundle of 35 instruments. {Cursitor's Records, No. 197.) Palatinate of Chester and Flint. Inquisitions post moutem, &c. Edw. III. to Car. 1. This series contains Inquisitions post mortem. Inquisi- tions ad quod damnum. Inquisitions as to Lunatics, Idiots, and Right of Way ; Proofs of Age ; Assignments of Dower ; Extents ; Writs of Livery, &c. Index. Report XXV., App., pp. 32-60. Calendar. Edw. III. to Hen. VII. 1 Vol. MS. (arranged chronologically with an Index Locorum). Index. Edw. III. to Car. II. 2 Vols. MS. (incom- plete). Vol. 1 contains also references to Claims oC Liberties. IRELAND. The principal documents relating to Ireland, in addition to the Series of " Irish State Papera " consist of the following : — Chancery. The "RoTULi HiBERNiiE," or Irish Rolls, from 1 to 50 Edward III. See CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS). U 55672. K 146 IRELAND — (continued). Chancery — (continued). The folloTving documents relating to Ireland are amongst the " Miscellaneous Kolls" : — • No. If. A roll of paper containing transcripts of Documents relating to Ireland, consisting of : — 1. Commission to Gerald Lord Kildare to hold a Parlia- ment in Ireland. 13 Hen. IV. 2. Order to observe the Act for the repair of Castles, &c. in Ireland. 1 Hen. IV. 3. Proclamation for persons holding lands iu Ireland to return home for the defence of that country. 4 Bic. II. 4. Pope Adrian's Grant of Ireland to Henry II. No. u". A similar roll containing instructions by the Parlia- ment of Ireland to Commissioners appointed by them to entreat from the King the hasty succour and relief of that country. Edw. IV. No. \^. A roll entitled " EeTentiones terrffl Hibernise," con- taining an Account of the Eerenues of the Crown in Ireland. Temp. Hen. VII . Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Irish Exchequer Documents. Henry III. to Eichard III. These are the Accounts of the successive Treasurers of Ireland of their receipts and expenses, M'hich were rendered annually to the Exchequer in England pursuant to an order made in the 2lBt year of Edward I., with other documents relating to the transactions in that country and to the Mint and Exchange there. Two ecclesiastical taxations of Ireland, dated respectively A.D 1302 and A.D. 1306, are also deposited with these documents. They are contained in 6 Rolls of which a syllabus is given in the Deputy-Keeper's Fifth Report, App. II. The Irish Exchequer Documents have been elaborately described in the " Calendar of Documents relating to Ireland" pub- lished under the direction of the Master of the Rolls. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. A Treasurers' Roll of the Exchequer of Ireland, dated 13 Edward II., will be found amongst the Records from the Land Revenue Office (No. 749). Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt. Accounts &o. relating to Ireland. Henry III. to Oar. II. These are amongst the Miscellanea, arranged chronologically, and include a Grant of the . whole of Ireland by Henry III. to his son Edward. Descriptive Slips. The " HiBEENiA Bag." A box (No. 205), formerly so called, containing mis- cellaneous documents relating to Ireland of various early dates, consisting of — A roll of Transcripts from the Memoranda Rolls of the Irish Exchequer of all pardons of debts, accounts, and arrears from 1 Hen. Y. to 12 Hen. VI. returned pursuant 117 IRELAND— (continued). Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt— (continued), to a Writ of Certiorari in the latter year ; * a portion of a roll containing Placita de Quo Warranto concerning the right of election of the Archbishop of Dublin, Temp. Edw. I., a portion of a roll of Pleas before the Justices of Ireland in the 32nd year of Edw. III. ; and several bundles of Indentures of Fealty, Feet of Fines, Deeds, Charters, &c. principally belonging to the reigns of Henry VI, and Henry VIT. EeGISTRUM MunIMENTOEUM " LiBEE A." In this volume (fol. 416-420) will be found transcripts of several documents relating to Ireland, including (srrants of the Seignory of Ireland and of tlie cities of Dublin and Limerick, &c. made by Henry III. to his eldest son Edward ; of letters and obligations by the Prelates of Ireland and others ; and of King John's letter declaring the reasons of his proceedings against William de Breosa. Exchequer of Receipt, Civil Lisa? Establishment foe Ieeland, 1709. One volume, containing a list of the Irish and French Pensioners, lists of Officers on full and half-pay, &c., &c. There are also amongst the Miscellanea of the Exchequer of Receipt accounts of the Military Establishments in Ireland, and of the soldiers levied or impressed for service there, from 43 Elizabeth to 20 James I, See ARMY, NAVY, &e. State Paper Office. Papers relating to the " Adventurers for lands in Ireland " during the Commonwealth. 14 Vols. [State Papers, Ireland, Vols, S03-316.] Ancient Maps, &c. 3 Vols. These include a Descrip- tion of Ireland with a General Map and Plans of the principal Forts ; Maps of the Provinces of Ulster and Munster, and numerous County and Baronial Maps made during the reigns of Elizabeth and James I. \_State Papers, Ireland, Vols. 208-210.] See also STATE PAPERS, CALENDARS OP. Calendar of Documents relating to Ireland. 1171 to 1307. 4 vols,, consisting of Excerpts from the Public Records of " all instruments and entries relating to Ireland." Printed in the Series of " Calendars of State Papers," &c. Memoranda of Rolls, &C. relating to Ireland. Included in Ay loffe's " Calendar of Ancient Charters, &c." 1 Vol. 4to, See also the " Liber Munerum Publicorum HiberniEe," amongst the Record Publications (Ireland), ♦ Printed in the " Eotuli Select!," &c. by Joseph Hunter. K 2 148 JEWELS. Chancery. Matters relating to the Crown Jewels are entered on the Close and Patent Rolls. See CHANCERY EN- ROLMENTS. Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Accounts and Inventories of the Crown Jewels, &c. See WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTS under tlie head of " Jocalia Regis" and passim. Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt. The following Inventories of Jewels are amongst the Miscel- laneous Books from the Chapter House: — Inventoeies op Pirate, Jewels, and Regalia. Hen. VI. No. A^. [Printed in Palgrave's " Ancient Kalendars and Inventories of the Exchequer," Vol. II., pp. 241-258.] Accounts op the Jewel House. 24 Hen. VIII. No. A^. [Printed, as above, Vol. II., pp. 259-298.] Inventories op the Royal Jewels, &c. 2 James I. No. B^V- [Printed, as above, Vol. II., pp. 299-355, and Vol. III., p. 424.J Numerous Indentures, &c. relating to the pawning of the Crown Jewels will also be found amongst the Miscel- lanea of the Treasury of the Receipt. Amongst these is a very long roll (No. -|-|) containing an Inventory of the Jewels, Gold and Silver Plate, and Ornaments in the Chapel, nnd in divers Offices of the Royal Household in the reign of Henry VI. Descriptive Slips. Exchequer of Receipt. Accounts op the Jewels, Plate, &c. sold poe Her Majesty's use. (Miscellanea, Exchequer of Receipt.) 42 Elizabeth. 6 Rolls. Eotries relating to the purchase, &c. of jewels will also be found on the Issue Rolls. See RECEIPTS AND ISSUES OP THE EXCHEQUER. Land Revenue Office. Inventory of Plate, Jewels, and Household Acoountt. 17 and 35 Henry VIII., and 1, 2, and 3 Edward VI. [Land Revenue Records, No. 730.] Papers relating to the state of the Account between his Majesty Charles I. and Philip Burlemachj, Merchant, in- 149 JEWELS— (continued). Land Revenue Office— (continued). eluding " A Declaration touching the state of the Accompt " of the King's Majesty's Jewels pawned in the Lowe " Contryes." \Land Revenue Records, No. 144. j The following Inventories of Jewels, Plate, &c. are still at the Land Revenue Record Office. An Inventory of the Wardrobe, Piclures, Statues, Plate, Jewels, Cahim-ts, Houseliold Goods and effects of King Charles I., taken by tlie Commissioners appointed in 1649 for the sale thereof. Inventories and Accounts of the Jewels of Queen Anne of Denmark, Consort of James I. An Inventofy of the Wardrobe and jewels of Queen Elizabeth in 1599. [.See Record Commissioners' Report, 1800, p. 170.] Audit Office. Accounts of the Master and Treasurer op the CitowN Jewels, &c. 1546 to 1639. [" Declared Accounts." Bundle 1533.] JEWS. Before the expulsion of the Jews from England, which took place about the year 1290, a considerable revenue WHS drawn from them by the King, by way of Tallages, (which were imposed at pleasure on the whole community, who were made to answer for one another, and if they made default on the days fixed for payment, were heavily fined); of Fines relating lo law proceedings anJ Amerciaments for misdemeanours ; and by means of the Fines and Com- positions which they were compelled to pay for the King's goodwill and protection, and for license to trade or other privileges. In fact, tlie King seemed to be absolute lord of their estates aiul effects, and even of the persons of them and of their fauiilies, and ''as they fleeced the subjects of the realm, so he fleeced them." [^Rladox, Hist of the Exchequer. 1 Tlie Receipt or place appointed for the management of this Revenue of t! e Judaism was called Scaccarium Juda- orum, or Scaccarium Judaismi, and formed a part of the Great Exchequer ; certain persons bein,'^ assigned to be Curators of this Revenue who were usually called Gus- todes or Jwift'czarzz JM^CBorwrn, and who exercised jurisdic- tion in all affairs relating to the Community, namely, in the Accounts of the Revenue, in Pleas upon Contracts made with the Jews, ami in causes or questions touch- ing their lands or chattels, or their Tallages, Fines, and Forfeitures. 150 JEWS— (continued). When any Cliarter or Contract was made by the Jews one part of it was laid up in a public chest, called the Chest of the Chirographs) or of the Ohirographers, such part being designated the Pes Chirographi. The Ohirographers who had the custody of all such Deeds or Contracts, were persons established for that purpose in those towns in which a considerable number of Jews resided, as at Lincoln, York, Oxford, &c., and generally consisted of Jews and Christians acting together. On the occasion of the goods and chattels of any Jew being forfeited, the Chirographs or Contracts relating to any debts due to him were transferred to the Exchequer for the King's benefit. King Henry III. " out of his royal grace to the Jews, " and for the support of such of them as embraced the " Christian religion, and were destitute of livelyhood," founded a House at London, called the " Domus Conver- sorum," or House of the Converts, and endowed it with a competent revenue ; the custody of the said House being generally granted to some clergyman of distinction, who was assisted by a Chaplain and Clerks. The custody of the Domus Conversorum was committed by Edward II. to William de Ayremynne, then clerk or keeper of the Rolls of the Chancery, to whose office it was thenceforward attached, the ancient Hospital of the Converts being eventually represented by the present Eolls Hou^e. The converts in residence at any one time appear from tlie Accounts of the Keeper of the Domus Conversorum to have seldom exceeded four or five in number. Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. AccocNTS, &c. RELATING TO THE Jews. Henry II. to Edward I. These consist of Accounts of Debts owing to Jews in various counties, Receipts and Memoranda of the Tallages levied on them, and Extents and Inquisitions as to their lands and possessions, with enrolments of their Obligations and Charters before the Treasurers and Barons of the Exchequer. Calendar, 1 Vol. MS. Accounts of the Keeper op the Domus Conver- sorum. Edward HI. to Elizabeth. These are the Accounts of " the Keeper of the Rolls of " the King's Chancery, and of the Domus Conversorum," or House set apart for the reception of converted Jews, as well of the stipend of the Chaplain and Clerk there, as 151 JEWS— (continued). Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer— (continued). of the wages of the converts for the time being, who, however, were generally very few in number. Descriptive Slips, Two Rolls of Accounts of the Keeper of the Domus Conversorum, bearing dates 8-15 Edward I., formerly deposited amongst the Miscellanea of the Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt, have been added to this Series. Exchequer of Receipt. Je-ws' Eolls. John to 23 Edward I. This series consists of 38 Rolls, containinsf yearly accounts of .the receipts from the Tallages, and from the Fines and Amercements imposed on the Jews. Jewish Contracts or "Starra." Temp. Henry III. and Edward I. These are original contracts wi'itten in Hebrew, generally in the nature of Acquittances or Releases made by the Jews and are very few in number, and of no great historical interest. Six documents of this nature are referred to in the Pipe Roll of 3 John, as having been produced by Robert, Earl of Leicester, in part discharge of a debt swing by him to Aaron the Jew of Lincoln, with which lie was charged on the lands and chattels of the said Jew being seized into the King's hands. Thirteen only of these documents exist in the Public Record Office, but a much larger collection is preserved in the Archives of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster Abbey. Exchequer of Pleas. Pleas before the Justices of the Jews. 3 Henry HL to 14 Edward I. These consist of 47 Rolls, and are placed with the Plea Rolls o£ the Court of Exchequer of Pleas. The following documents relating to the Jews are amongst the " Miscellaneous Rolls, Chancery." No. '/. A roll entitled " Scrutinium factum archse chirogra- pharioram Colecestrias," containing a schedule of debts owing to the Jews by various persons. 4 Edw. L Ko. ^5°. A similar roll relating to the Jews of York. 4 Edw. I. No. ij. A roll of Grants of the bouses wbicb belonged to the Jews in England. 19 Edw. I. No. if. A roll of tbe Sales of the houses of condemned Jews,made by order of the King. Temp. Edw. I. 1-52 JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. Court of Chancery (Equity Side). The earlier proceedings of the Court of Chancery com- mence in the reign . A volume containing Extracts Domesday from Domesday Book and Book, &c. the Black Book of the Ex- chequer, a Lint of Monas- teries, and other notes. See also "Agarde's Indexes," vols. 24, 29, 38, 39, 53, and 54. the Livery of Lands See CHANCERY LIVERY OP LANDS. Writs to Escheators, &c. for are entered on the Fine Rolls. ENROLMENTS. Warrants from the Court of Wards for Special and General Liveries will be found in the Privy Seal and Signed Bill Bundles. See PRIVY SEALS AND SIGNED BILLS, &c. LiVEEiES, Books op. (Court of Wards and Liveries.) Hen. VHL to Charles I. 30 Vols. [See also " Miscellaneous Books " (Court of Wards, &c.). Vols. 173-179.] OF, &;o. (Palatinate of Chester.) LivERT, Writs ElJz. to Car. I Alphabetical Calendar. Report XXVI 32-35. General and Special caster.) Temp. Eliz. App., pp. (Duchy of Lan- Calendar, Liveries, 2 Files, [Div. XII. Bundle 46.] Report XXXIX., App,, pp. 549-562. 200 LOANS AND BENEVOLENCES. Accounts and Assessments relating to Loans and Bene- volences will be found amongst the Subsidy Rolls. See TAXATION. Loans, Documents kelating to. ( Exchequer, Teeasuky OF THE Receipt.) Edw. III. to Oar. I. These consist of Letters Patent, &c. for the repayment of Lo:ms to the King, with Commissions to raise money on loans and the returns thereto, &c., &c. They are amongst the Miscellanea. Descriptive Slips. Loans, Letters Patent and Privy Seals for. ("Ex- chequer, Treasury of the Receipt.) Hen. VII. to Car. I. Register op the Names of Contributors to a Loan. 1590. 1 Vol. [S.P. Dom., Eliz., Vol. 236.] LONDON, CITY OP. The following List contains references to several docu- ments of interest relating to the City of London : — Inquisitions relating to persons charged with various offences in the city o^ London. Temp. Hen. III. [Miscellanea , Exchequer, Tr. of the Receipt, No. i-g-.] Inquisition as to the Inhabitants of London who had joined the Earl of Lanca^^ter and fought against the late King, i Edw. III. [ Do. No.i^.l London. Proceedings before the Council against three Mayors. 15 Edw. III. [ Do. No. v.] Complaint against John Northampton, Mayor of London, and Inquisition as to unlawful meetings and riots. 7-8 Rie. II. ^ [ Do. No.l^.] City oi London. Return of New Buildings within the City of London " wheie no foundation was before." Temp. Elizabeth. [ Do. No. -f^.] A book containing the names of all the Freemen (being householders) of the London Companies. Henry VIII. [Misc. Books, Exchequer Tr. of the Receipt, No, B-^."] A book containing the Petition of the Prisoners in Ludgate, Fragments of Assessments, Articles respect- ing the Bridge House, &c., &c. [ Do. No.B^.] An abridgment of the assessment of the City of London ; with other documents. Temp. Hen. VIII. [ Do. No. Q.] 201 LONDON, CITY OP— (continued). Certificates of the possessions and endowments of the Corporations and Companies of the City of London, pursuant to Statute 1 Edward VI. [" Certificates of Colleges and Chantries, &c." Ijondon and Middlesex, Roll 34.] Certificates from the Warden?, Keepers, and Com- monalty of the different Crafts or Companies of the City of London of their endowments, lands, and pos- sessions. Henry VIIL \_At the Land Revenue Record Office^ Accounts of the Possessions of the Mercers' Company (for founding St. Paul's School). 38 Elizabeth. {Land Revenue Records, No. 963.] Claims of tiiberties by the Corporation of London. 18 Charles II. {Miscellaneous Rolls, Exchequer, L. T.R., No. 34.] Returns of the houses occupied by poor persons which had been built within the several Wards of the City of London within the last seven years, and also of such houses as had been divided into several tene- ments during that period, with the names of the occupiers. 1637. [S. P. Dam. Gar. I., Vol 359.] LUNACY AND IDIOTCY. The custody of the lands and persons of Idiots and Luna- tics was of old times vested in the King as a royal prero- gative, which was confirmed and established by Stat. 17 Edward II. cap 10. Prior to the establishment of the Court of Wards and Liveries by Henry VIIL, and also subsequent to its aboli- tion, the jurisdiction over Idiots and Lunatics was entrusted to the Lord Chancellor, by whom all grants weie made of the custody of their persons and estates. These Grants were made out by the Clerk of the Custodies and originally enrolled on the Patent Rolls. From the period of the Commonwealth, however, they were entered on separate rolls, and subsequently in books which were kept in the office of the Cleric of the Custodies, and afterwards trans- ferred to that af the Secretary of Lunatics. The Grants of Custodies, together with the bonds given by the Committees, or persons to whom such custody was entrusted, were also entered in Docket Books, which exist at the Lunacy Office, from the reign of Charles II. to the present time ; as also the Accounts, Affidavits, Reports, and Orders relating to the estates of lunatics, &c. 202 LUNACY AND IDIOTCY— (continued). The appointment of Committees of the persons and estates of lunatics, and the examination of their accounts, were, undei- certain circumstances, vested in the Masters of the Court of Chancery. Lunacy, Commissions and Inquisitions of. (Chancery, Petty Bag Office.) Charles I. to 1852. These con- sist of commissions de lunatico inquirendo with the returns thereto. 24 Bundles. Index. 1 Vol. MS. Inijuisitions on Writs " de lunatico inquirendo " of earlier dates are placed with the "Inquisitions post Mortem." LiUNAOY Commissions, &o. (Palatinate of Lancastkr.) Car. II. to Will. IV. 1 Bundle. MANORS, EXTENTS OP, &c. . A Manor appears to have constituted originally a cer- tain circuit of ground granted by the King to some Baron or man of worth, as an inheritance for him and his heirs, with the exercise of such jurisdiction within the said compass as the King saw fit to grant, and subject to the performance of such services aud yearly rents as were by the grant required. The greater Barons, who thus held a large extent of territory under the Crown, frequently granted out to in- ferior persons smaller manors, to be held from themselves as superior lords, and rendering to them similar refits and services, the superior lord being then called the Lord Paramount over all such manors, and his seignory being frequently termed an Honour, especially if it had belonged to an ancient feudal Baron, or had been at any time in the hands of the Crown. In imitation of this practice, the inferior lords began to carve out and grant to others on similar terms still more minute estates, till the superior lords observed, that by this process of sub-infeudation they lost all their feudal profits, as wardships, marriages, escheats, &c., which fell into the hands of the mesne or middle lords, who were the immediate superiors of the tenant or occupier of the land; and also, that the mesne lords were so impoverished by the diminution of their estates, that they were disabled from performing the ser- vices due from them. Tliis occasioned, firstly, a provision in the Great Charter of 9 Henry III. " that no man " should either give or sell his land without reserving " sufficient to answer the demands of his lord," and after- wards the Statute of " Quia Emptores," 18 Edward I., which directs that, in all sales or feoffments of lands, the feoffee shall hold the same, not of the immediate feoffor but 203 MANORS, EXTENTS OF— (continued). of the chief lord of the Fee, and subsequent to which no new manors were created. In 4 Edward I. a Statute was framed known as the " Extenta Manerii," \ Statutes of the Realm, Vol. I,p.2i2] containing directions for extending and surveying manors which, although there is no evidence of any general survey throughout the kingdom being then taken, appears to have resulted in numerous Extents or Surveys being taken from time to time, many of which will be found amongst the Inquisitions post mortem, and also amongst the " Miscel- lanea " of the Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Numerous Surveys of Manors exist also amongst the " Special Commissions" of the Exchequer, Queen's Eemembrancer. See COMMISSIONS. Depositions relating to the Customs and Boundaries of Manors and Decrees thereon are frequently referred to in the Calendar of "Depositions taken by Commission" (ExcHEQUEE, Q. E.), printed in Reports XXXVIII., XXXIX., and XL., and in Martin's " Index to the Exchequer Reookds." Decrees relating to the Customs and Boundaries of Manors are frequently enrolled on the Chancery Decree RoLLiS, to which there is an Index Locorum. See also SUR'VEYS AND RENTALS. MANUMISSIONS. Deeds of manumission of villeins will be found amongst the several series of Ancient Deeds and Charters. See DEEDS (ANCIENT). There is amongst the Duchy of Lancaster Records a volume containing entries of Manumissions in the reign of Elizabeth. \_Duchy of Lane, Div. XT., No. 101.] The original Instruments of Manumission, with Certifi- cates of the Lands and Goods of Bond Men and Bond Women in several Counties, are amongst the Miscellaneous Records of the Duchy. [Div. XXV., B.B., Not. 1 to 3.] MARKETS AND PAIRS. Grants of Markets and Fairs are enrolled on the Charter and Patent Rolls. See CHANCERY ENROL- MENTS. There is also amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, &c. of the Court of Chancery a File of Grants and Claims of Markets, Fairs, Free Warren, &c. (Bundle 6), which is calendared in " Palmer's Indexes," Yol. 106. 204 MARKETS AND PAIRS— (continued). A List of all Markets and Fairs granted under the Seal of the Duchy of Lancaster is contained in the volume known as " Great Ayloffe," fo). 46-47. For Inquisitions " ad quod damnum " taken prior to granting a Market or Fair, see INQUISITIONS. Chronological List of Grants of Markets and Fairs. John to Edw. IV. [" Palmer's Indexes," Vol. 93.]» MEMORANDA ROLLS OP THE EXCHEQUER. Memoeanda Rolls. (Exchequee, Queen's Remem- BEANCEE.) 1 Henry III. to 1848. The Memoranda Rolls of the Queen's Remembrancer of the Exchequer contain enrolments of Writs of Scire Facias for the recovery of debts due to the Crown with the proceedings thereon — of Informations on Seizures made in the several Ports of goods forfeited for nonpay- ment of customs or for unlawful importation — of Tran- scripts of Outlawries and other proceedings whereby lands or goods were forfeited to the Crown — of Special Com- missions of Inquiry with the Returns thereto — of Informa- tions of Intrusion on the Royal Forests and Wastes, &c. — and of Recognizances and Bonds of various kinds, such as those entered into by Printers and Publishers, &c., &c. They also contain enrolments of Grants and Letters Patent for several purposes, of Warrants and Constitutions under the Sign Manual, of many Decrees and Orders in causes on the Equity side of the Exchequer, and of such Deeds and Instruments between private individuals as were acknowledged before the Barons of the Exchequer. The Coming of the Sheriffs and other Accountants to the Exchequer to make their half-yearly Profers, and the States and Views of the Public Accounts of the Kingdom with others matters concerning the collection of the Revenue are also entered on these rolls in the same manner as on the rolls of the Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer. Repertories. 1 Edw. I. to 32 Charles II. Indexes called " Agenda Books." 35 lien. VIIT. to 12 Victoria. 35 Vols. Martin's " Inde.v to the Exchequer Records." 1 Vol. 8vo. Do. (Lord Treasueee's Remembeancee.) 1 Hen. in. to 5 Wm. IV. The Memoranda Rolls of the Lord Treasurer's Remem- brancer contain the enrolments of the Coming of Sheriffs, Bailiffs, Escheators, &c. to the Exchequer to make their Profers and to render their Accounts — of Recognizances or acknowledgments of debt to the King and others — of * This List has been recently printed by the Eoyal Commission on Market Eights, &e. 205 MEMORANDA ROLLS OP THE EXCHEQUER— (continued). Commissions and Letters Patent — of the " Comtnunia" or Common Matters or business of the Court in each Term sucli as Pleadings and Judgments on Writs of quo titulo clamat, and quare maneria, &c. in manihus Regis seisiri non debent — of Claims of I^iiberties, Franchises, and Privileges by Cities, Boroughs and Towns, &c. — of Pleadings respect- ing the Fines, Issues and Amerciaments contained in the Rolltj of Estreats returned into the Exchequer from the Couits at Westminster and other jurisdictions — of Proceed- ings relating to the Accounts of Sheriffs, Escheators, and Bailiffs, and of a variety of matters relating to the charge and discharge of the King's Debtors and Accountants — of States and Views of the Accounts of Sheriffs and other Accountants— ;of the Pret^entations and Admissions of Officers of the Court of Bails or " Manucaptions " — of Fines for Homage or Reliefs — of the " Precepta " or Orders of the Court made with respect to the Accounts of Sheriffs and others — and of the Writs and Process of various kinds issuing from the Lord Treasurer's Depart- ment. They also contain the Enrolments of such Deeds and Instruments as were acknowledged before one of the Barons of the Exchequer and enrolled for safe custody. Repertories {General). 1 Edw. III. to 1653. Repertories to " Fines and Reliefs." Edw. I. to Edw. III. Repertories to " Manur.apciones." 20 Hen. VII. to 12 Eliz. Repertories to " Precepta." 1 Edw. III. to 1 Jas. I. Repertories to " States and Views of Accounts." 1 Edw. III. to 14 Jas. I Indexes, called " Agenda Books." 2 Jas. I. to 3 Will. IV. 9 Vols. Do. called " Madox's Index." Various Dates. 3 Vols, containing selections from the Memoranda Rolb. (Incorporated in Jones's Index to the Records^ Abstracts from the Memoranda Rolls. 8 Hen. III. to 26 Edw. I. 4 Vols. " Tayleure's Index" to the Memoranda and Originalice Rolls. 1 Vol. MS. arranged alphabetically under places. (The references are incorporated in Jones's Index?) Jones's Index to the Records. Sflections from the Memoranda and Originalia Rolls arranged alphabeti- cally under places and printed in 2 Vols, folio. Vol. I. relates to the Originalia Rolls only from Hen. VIII. to Anne. Vol. 2, to the Memoranda Rolls from Hen. III. to Geo. IL 206 MEMORANDA ROLLS OP THE EXCHEQUER— (continued). Exchequer Proceedings subsidiary to the Memoranda EoLLS. (Miscellanea Exchequer, Q. K.) Henry III. to James I. These consist of Bills and Petitions of Accountants, Informations and Pleadings thereon, Writs of Distringas, Writs and Returns of various kinds, and other Memoranda relating to the business of the Exchequer, being, in fact, the original documents in connexion with the proceedings enrolled on the Memoranda Rolls of the Queen's Remem- brancer. In the earlier bundles are also contained many Transcripts from the Assize Rolls and from the Placita coram Rege, Placita coram Baronibue de Scaccario, and Placita de Banco. Descriptive Slips. Pleas before the Barons of the Exchequer, with Extents and Inquisitions of various kinds. Temp. Edward III. 1 Vol. [Misc. Boohs {Aunmentation Office), Vol. 487.1 " Brevia de Scaccario." 1 to 8 Elizabeth. Two vols, containing copies of Writs issued by the Queen's Remembrancer of the Exchequer against sundry Debtors and Accountants to the Crown. [^Misc. Books {Augmentation Office), Vols. 26 and 2?.] MINES. Mines, Accounts oe. (Miscellanea, Exchequer Q. S.) Edward I. to Charles I. Accounts of the receipts and expenses of the royal mines in Devon and Cornwall, including the wages of workmen, expenses of implements, &c., together with Rolls of the "Cunagium Stanni " or " Stannary Rolls" thereto belonging. Similar accounts will be found amongst the Miscellanea of the Treasury of the Receipt. Descriptive Slips. Accounts of the Cunagium Stanni. 13 Elizabeth to 1611. 2 Vols. [Misc. Books (Augmentation Office), Vols. 353 and 354.] See also CORNWALL, DUCHY OP. MINISTERS' AND RECEIVERS' ACCOUNTS. Under this title may be included the yearly Accounts of all Bailiff's, Farmers, Beeves, Collectors, Beceivers, and other Officers or Ministers of the various Manors andXands which were in the hands of the Crown by reason of escheat, forfeiture, or otherwise, and which did not form part of the Firma Comitatus or yearly Farm of the Sheriff. 207 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). These were at first entered, together with the Sheriffa' AccountB, on the Pipe Eolls, and subsequently, when from the ever-increasing business of the Exchequer these rolls increased in bulk lo an unmanageable degree, on a separate series of rolls called the Eolls of " Foeeign Accounts," that is to say, of such accounts £is were foreign to the Sheriff's jurisdiction. It appears, however, to have been the practice of the Bailiffs, Eeeves, and other " Ministers " to bring with them to the Exchequer on the occasion of their yearly audit a Compotus or Account of their Eeceipts and Expenses, and also a EoU of the Particulars of such Accounts which, after comparison with the Accounts or Abstracts thereof entered on the Pipe Eolls or the Foreign Eolls, were left by the Accountants in the Treasury of the Exchequer, where they form a large and important class of documents containing the minutest details of the manage- ment and revenue of the various lands, manors, and tene- ments in the hands of the Crown from a very early period. Early in the reign of Henry VII., in order to ensure a more speedy payment of his revenues than could have been arrived at by following the ordinary course of the Ex- chequer, an informal practice was introduced by which certain lands were withdrawn from the direct survey or control of that Court, and ihe Accounts thereof taken by word of mouth before " Special Commissioners " appointed for that purpose, by whom the sums received were paid into the Treasury of the King's Chamber. This was followed by the appointment, in the third year of Henry VIII., of " General Survej/ors and Approvers of the King's Lands," who were legally authorised to call the Accountants before them to the King's Chamber instead of to the Exchequer itself, which hitherto was the only lawful method, and by Statute 33 Hen. VIIJ. c. 39, in order to render the said General Surveyors entirely inde- pendent of any other Court or Jurisdiction, a Court was erected called the " Court of the General Surveyors of the King's Lands;' and consisting of the King's Surveyors, a Treasurer, Attorney, Master of the Woods, Auditors, Receivers, and other ofiScers, under the survey of which were placed all lands accruing to the Crown by Attainder, Escheat, or Forfeiture. By a previous Statute (27 Hen. VIII. cap, 27) a Court had been erected for the management of the vast revenues arising from the possessions of the dissolved Monasteries under the title of the Court of the Augmentations of the Revenues of the Croicn, within the survey of which were placed not only the revenues of the dissolved Monastei-ies, but also all lands, &c. acquired or to be acquired by Pur- chase or Exchange. This Court comprised a Chancellor, 208 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). who was empowered to make gifts, grants, &c. under the Seal of the Court, a Treasurer, Attorney, Solicitor, an 1 Particular Auditors and Receivers. Both the above-mentioned Courts were dissolved by Letters Patent of the 38th year of Henry VIII., and a " New Court of the Augmentations " erected, with full juris- diction over all the revenues heretofore in the survey of the said abolished Courts, and over all honors, castles, seignories, manors, lands, &c. within England, Wales, Calais, and the Marches thereof, which might thereafter come to the King by any Act of Parliament or by any Gift, Grant, Surrender, Bargain and Sale, or by Forfeiture, Attainder, or Esclieat. A proviso was, however, inserted that such honours, &c. as were already in the survey of the Court of Exchequer or of the Duchy of Lancaster should continue in the same. The principal Officers of this Court consisted of — A Chancellor. Two General Survej'ors. A Treasurer. Two Masters of the Woods (one for the North and one for the South side of Trent). Two Surveyors of the Woods. Ten Auditors of the Revenues. Two Auditors of Imprests, &c. Eleven Receivers, with Particular Surveyors for each County, and An Attorney, Solicitor, Clerk, &c., &c. This Court was in turn abolished by authority of the Stat. 1 Mary, cap. 1 0, and the business thereof transferred to the Exchequer. The ancient mode of collecting the revenues through the Sheriffs was not, however, restored, the several Ministers and Receivers rendering their Accounts, as heretofore, to the Auditors of the Exchequer, now called the Auditors of the Land Revenue, and the sums due from them being paid directly to the Receipt of the Exchequer instead of to a Treasurer. In the 32nd year of Henry VIII. a " Court of Wards" was established for the especial management of the revenues arising from the possessions of Minors^ Idiots, and Lunatics, and other profits incident to the Tenures in Capite, and in the following year the Liveries of Lands were subjected to the jurisdiction of the same Court, which was thence- forward known as the " Court of Wards and Liveries." The principal Officers of this Court consisted of a Master, an Attorney, a Receiver-General, two Auditors, and Par- ticular Auditors and Receivers, by whom a distinct series of Accounts relating to the possessions of Wards and 209 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). Minors was rendered to the Exchequer, which Accounts exist from the establishment of the Court to the final abolition of Feudal Tenures at the Eestoration. Subsequent to the Restoration the Gross Sums only arising from each particular district, in which no variation was thenceforward made, were accounted for by the several Receivers, no record being kept of the rents by which they were made up, the persons by whom they were payable, or the lands out of which they issued, and the Accounts of the Bailiffs, Reeves, or other local Collectors being no longer returned to the Exchequer. With that period, therefore, the Ministers' Accounts as a aeries may be said to terminate. The Rentals and other documents relating to the management of the Crown pro- perty of a subse'quent date will be found at the oflBce of the Land Revenue Records and Inrolments. The following list represents the principal classes of Ministers' and Receivers' Accounts, arranged according to the Courts to which they belong. A General Inventory of all tlie Ministers' Accounts prior to the reign of Henry VII. is in the course of preparation. Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Ministers' Accounts (Territorial Series). Henry III. to Richard III. This collection consists of original Accounts and Par- ticulars of Accounts of the Bailiffs, Reeves, and other Ministers of the Honours and Lands in the hands of the Crown (including the Temporalities of various Religious Houses), formerly arranged alphabetically in Bundles ac- cording to the territorial designation of the several Manors and Lands or to the names of the persons by whose for- feiture they came into the King's hands. It comprised 880 Bundles or Parcels (a List of which is given in the Deputy Keeper's 20th Report, pp. 95-111), extending in date from Henry III. to James I., but those Accounts of a later date than Richard III. have been withdrawn from this series and incorporated with the Chronological Series of Ministers' and Receivers' Accounts commencing with the first year of Henry- VII., the remainder being re- arranged as far as possible under counties. General Inventory. In progress (as above). Ministers' and Receia'ers' Accounts (Chronologicai, Series) Henry VII. to Charles II. In this class are included the Ministers' Accounts of the Courts of General Surveyors and of the Augmentations, and those which subsequent to the abolition of those Courts were preserved in the Augmentation OflBce of the Exchequer, with which have been incorporated the U 5567?. o 210 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer — (continued). Accounts of the Court of Wards and Liveries and also those of the Duchy of Cornwall between the above- mentioned dates. Chronological List. Henry VII. to Charles II. 3 Vols. MS. (This List also contains references to the Ministers' Accounts amongst the Records of the Treasury of the Receipt of the Exchequer, the Records of the Land Revenue Department, and other series.) Alien Pkioeies, &o., Accounts of. 22 Edw. I. to 22 Edw. IV. These consist of Extents and Inquisitions, and also of the Accounts of Bailiffs and other Ministers, relating to the possessions of the Alien Religious Houses in Eng- land, and also of laymen who were foreign subjects. The Alien Priories were cells or small convents established by and subordinate to such foreign monasteries as held possessions in this country. Some of these were con- ventual, that is to say, choosing their own priors and applying the revenues they received to their own use and benefit, paying an obvention or acknowledgment only to the foreign house ; whilst others were entirely dependent thereon and transmitted thereto the whole of their revenues. For this reason their estates were generally confiscated on the breaking out of a war between England and France, being, however, restored to them on the return of peace. Such confiscations took place in the reigns of Edward I., Edward II., Edward III., and Richard II. The Alien Priories were finally dissolved by Act of Par- liament 2 Henry V. and all their estates vested in the Crown, except some lands granted to the College of Fotheringay. A full description of these Priories is printed in Dugdale's Monasticon, Vol. VI., Pt. II., pp. 985- 1119. Calendar, 1 Vol. MS. This will be superseded, so far as relates to the Ministers' Accounts, by the General Inventory above referred to, the Accounts being now in- corporated with the " Territorial Series " (Hen. III. to Ric. III.). Bishops' Tempoealities, Accounts of. Henry III. to Charles I. These consist chiefly of Bailiffs' and Ministers' Accounts of the possessions of the various Bishoprics whilst they were in the hands of the Crown during the vacancies of the respective sees. They include a few Extents and Inquisitions, views of the Reveiiues of several Deans and Chapters, and a number of Court Rolls belonging chiefly 211 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). Exchequer, Queen's Reraembrancer — (continued), to the Diocese of London (the latter have now been withdrawn and incorporated with the General Series of Court Rolls). Calendar, 1 Vol. MS. The Ministers' Accounts of an earlier date than Henry VII. have been incorporated in the « Territorial Series " (Hen. III. to Ric. III.), and will be included in the General Inventory. A volume containing the Bailiffs' Accounts of the Temporalities of the Bishopric of Winchester for the year 1626 ; the Receiver-General's Account of the same for the year 1627 ; and a Valuation of the possessions of the Bishopric taken in the fourth year of Edward VI. will be found amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Augmenta- tion Office. [Vol. 312.] Bishops' Lands, Books eelating to the Sale of. Commonwealth. Three volumes, containing the Accounts of William Gibbs, Alderman of the City of London, and others, who where constituted Treasurers for the Sale of the Bishops' Lands for the use of the Commonwealth by an Ordinance dated 16 Nov. 1646. [These books are placed with the Accounts relating to " Bishops' Tempo- ralities."] Conteariants' Lands, Accounts of, &c. Edward II. The Ministers' Accounts relating to Contrariants' Lands have been incorporated with the " Territorial Series " (Hen. III. to Ric. III.), and will be included in the General Inventory. There are also amongst the Records of the Exchequer, Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer, three large rolls belonging apparently to the Series of " Foreign Accounts," contnining very full Accounts of the issues of the lands and tenements of the " Contrariants " in various counties, from 14 to 20 Edward II, Knights Templars, Accounts op the Possessions op THE. Edward II. These have been incorporated with the « Territorial Series " (Hen. III. to Ric. Ill), and will be included in the General Inventory, There are also amongst the Records of the Exchequer, Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer, three large rolls con- taining accounts of the possessions of the Knights Templars, with a Repertory thereof (see below). An Inquisition taken in 1185 by Geoffrey FitzStephen, Master of the Order of Knights Templars, as to their pos- session in England, will be found amongst the Miscel- aneous Books of the Queen's Remembrancer's Office. [Vol. 16.] o 2 212 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer — (continued). Ministers' Accounts, &c. (Vaeious). Views of Accounts. Bedford. Temp. Oar. I. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Exchequer, Q. R. Vol. 55.] Receiver-General's Accounts of the possessions of John, Lord Lumley, and other papers. Temp. Eliz. [Misc. Books, Exchequer, Q. R. Vol. 59.] Exchequer, Augmentation Ofllce. Accounts, Books of. Henry VII. to Edward VI. 41 volumes, consisting chiefly of Receivers' and Receiver- Generals' Accounts. [Misc. Books, Vols. a68 to 308.] Accounts, Declarations of. 18 Henry VIII. to 24 Charles 11. 94 rolls, consisting chiefly of Brief Declarations of the Receivers and Receivers-General of the Royal Honours and other possessions in various counties. The greater part of these relate to the possessions of Queen Henrietta Maria. (These have been incorporated in the Chrono- logical Series of Ministers' Accounts.) Declaration of the Account of Sir George Carewe, Knight Receiver-General of the Estates of Queen Anne, the wife of James I. 1615. 1 Vol. ]_Misc. Books, Vol. 107. See also Vol. 470.] Ministers' Accounts, Arrears of. Henry VII. to James I. 10 Vols. [Misc. Books, Vols. 8 to 14, Vol. 25, and Vol. 28.] Ministers' Accounts, Views of. Henry VIII. to James I. 13 Vols. [Misc. Books, Vols. 442 to 454.] Treasurers' Accounts. 28 Hen. VIII. to 1 Mary. 10 Rolls. These contain an Account of all moneys received or paid by the Treasurer of the Court of Augmentations, specifying the amounts received from the Particular Ke- ceivers of the Revenues of the dissolved Monasteries, &c. in the various Counties throughout England and Wales, with the sums produced by the sale of their Jewels, Plate, and Ornaments ; the Fines or Compositions received for the Toleration and Continuance of certain Religious Houses ; and the various sums received by Sales of Lands, &c., with an exact description of the premises sold, the name of the jDurchaser, and date of purchase, &c. The payments comprise the Fees and Wages to OflScers of the Court, Annuities to Royal and other personages. Pensions to the Abbots, Priors, and others of the dissolved Monasteries, and payments of various kinds made by 213 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). Exchequer, Augmentation Office— (continued). Warrant of the Chancellor of the Court of Augmentations or otherwise. Inventory. Report XXI., p. 12. A Eoll of Accounts of Sir John Williams, Treasurer of the late Court of Augmentations, 6-7 Edward VI. to 1 Mary, similar to the foregoing exists amongst the Records of the Exchequer, Lord Treasui-er's Remem- brancer. Woods, Accounts of Sales of. Henry VIII. to James I. 2 Vols. Do. Henry VIII. to Elizabeth. 6 Vols. \_Misc. Books, Vols. 457 to 462.J See also " IVfisc. Books (Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt)." [ Vols. A -^ and A f .] Exchequer, Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer. Castle-Guakd Rents, Entby Book of. 31 Charles II. to 4 James II. A small book containing entries year by year of the rents payable towards guarding the Castle of Dover. CONTEAEIANTS' LaNDS, ENROLLED ACCOUNTS OF. 14 to 20 Edward II. 3 Rolls. Queen's Lands, Enrolled Accounts of. Edw. III., Ric. II., and Hen. IV. These contain Enrolments of Accounts relating to the lands and possessions of Philippa, Anne, and Johanna, Queens of England. A brief summary of the Accounts only is given. Templars' Lands, Enrolled Accounts of. Edward II. Three large rolls containing enrolments of ihe Accounts of the possessions of the Knights Templars in various Counties, which were seized into the King's hands on the expulsion of that Order. Repertory. 1 RoU. Foreign Accounts, Rolls of. Hen. III. to Car. II. 23 Rolls. See REVENUE ROLLS. Court of Wards and Liveries. The Accounts of the Bailiffs and Receivers of the Pos- sessions of Minors and of other Royal Wards under the Survey of the Court of Wards and Liveries have been incorporated with the " Chronological Series " of Ministers' Accounts. The following Accounts made up in the form of Books remain with the Miscellaneous Books of the Court. 214 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). Court of Wards and Liveries — (continued). Views of Acoounts. 37 Hen. VIII. to 9 Car. I. 38 Vols. [Nos. 1 to 38.] Books of Aeeeaes. Hen. VIII. to 21 Car. I. 12 Vols. [Nos. 42 to 53.] Eeceivee-General's Acoottnts. 26 Hen. VIII. to 17 Car. I. 71 Vols. [Nos. 361 to 431.] Feodaeies' Accounts. 33 Hen. VIII. to 15 Car. I. 82 Vols. [Nos. 432 to 513.] The following Accounts relating to the possessions of Wards are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Treasury of the Receipt : — No. A J. Docket Book of Sales of Wards. 18-20 Hen. VIII. No. A T%. Feodary's Account, Kent. 43 Eliz. to 5 Jas. I. No. A ^. Ministers' Accounts of the possessions of Wards. 20-21 Hen. VII. No. A ^\. Do. 22-23 Hen. 711. No. B 1^. Declarations of Accounts of the possessions of Wards. 21 Hen. VII. Duchy of Lancaster. Ministers' and Receivers' Accounts. Edward I. to George III. A Calendar and Index to this collection, which consists of Ministers' Accounts, Accounts of Particular Receivers, and Receivers' Declared Accounts, is printed in Report XLV., App. 1, pp. 1-152. Those of an earlier date than Henry VII. will be included in the General Inventory of Ministers' Accounts. Receiver-Generals' Accounts, &c. Edw. III. to 1771. [Div. XXVIIl] These consist of the Accounts of the Keeper of the Wardrobe and Treasurer of the Household and of the Receiver-General's Accounts, and States of the Revenue of the whole Duchy of Lancaster. They include Trea- surer's and Comptroller's Accounts of the Town and Marches of Calais from 8 to 18 Henry VII. Descriptive Catalogue. Report XXX., App., pp. 35- 38. Principality Of Wales and Palatinate of Chester. Ministers' Accounts. (General Series.) Chester. 24 & 25 Edw. IIL to 2 & 3 Hen. VIII. Macclesfield. 3 & 4 Edw. III. to 4 & 5 Hen. VIII. Flint. 24 Edw. III. to 3 & 4 Hen. VIII. Denbigh. 34 Edw. III. to 17 Hen. VII. 215 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c.— (continued). Principality of Wales, &c.— (continued). Montgomery. 38 & 39 Edw. III. Anglesey. 9 & 10 Hen. IV. Carnarvon. 9 & 10 Hen. IV. Merioneth. 35 & 36 Hen. VI. \ 19 & 20 Hen. VIL J Arrears Rolls of Chester and Flint. 26 Edw. III. to 1 Hen. VIII. Inventory in Report XXL, App., pp. 34r-41, Do. (Pabticulak Series.) Chester and Flint. Sir Eoger de Button's Lands. 1 6 Edw. IV. to 1 Eic. III. Sir Thos.' Cokesey's Lands. 19 & 20 Hen. VII. Edw. Dudley's Lands. 1 & 3 Hen. VIII. Sir Wm. Stanley's Lands. 11 Hen. VIL to 12 Hen. VIIL Halton, Manor of. 30 & 31 Edw. III. St. Asaph, Bishopric of 19-32 Edw. III. Lands of John de Sancto Petro. 27 & 28 to 44 & 45 Edw. III. Drakelow, Lordship of. 22 & 23 Edw. III. Hawarden and Molesdale, Lordship of. 13 to 15 Hen. VL Hope and Hopedale, Lordship of. 8 & 9 Hen. VI. Overmarsh, Manor of, Accounts of moneys received from the Executors of Joan, Princess of Wales. 9 & 10 Ric. II. Do. (Miscellaneous.) Principally Ac- counts of Repairs of Castles and Mills, of the Issues of the Mills of the Dee and of Frodsham, and of various Exchequer expenses. Hen. VI. to Hen. VIII. Inventory in Report XXL, App., pp. 41-43. Receiver-Generals' Accounts (Macclesfield, Flint, AND Denbigh). Macclesfield. 4 & 5 and 9 & 10 Hen. VI. Flint. 10 to 15 Hen. VI. Denbigh. 35 to 44 Edw. III. Chamberlains' Accounts (Chester). Edw. II. to Phil, and Mary. These Rolls contain the Totals of the sums received by the Chamberlain of Chester from the various Officers whose names are set forth on the Ministers' Accounts. They contain also accounts of money expended in wages, fees, pensions, repairs of castles and buildings, and other matters relating to the Revenue and Expenditure of the Palatinate. Many of them are in duplicate. Inventory. Report XXL, App., pp. 32-37, 216 MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS, &c— (continued). Principality of Wales, &c.— (continued). The following Chamberlains' Accounts are amongst the " Miscellaneous Books " of the Augmentation Office : — Chamberlain's Account. Chester. 25 to 39 Edw. III. [Vol. 65.] Do. 34 to 36 Hen. VIII. [Vol. 66.] N.B. — The Ministers' Accounts relating to Wales prior to the reign of Henry VII., including the Chamberlains' and Eeceiver-Generals' Accounts, have been incorporated in the " Territorial Series " (Hen. III. to Eic. III.), and will be included in the General Inventory. MINT. In 1848 a Eoyal Commission was appointed to inquire into the constitution, management, and expense of the Mint, and the Eeport of the Commissioners, which was presented to Parliament in the following year, contains a complete history of the several Mints. The Accounts and other documents relating thereto include the following : — Mint, Accounts, &o., relating to the. (Exchequer, Queen's Kbmembrancer.) Henry III. to George 11. These consist of the accounts of the " Gustos Camhii et MonetcB " (at London and Canterbury), from Henry III. to Henry VIII. ; of the Controller of the Mint, from Henry III. to Elizabeth ; of the Master of the Mint, from Edw. I. to Geo. II. ; and of Miscellaneous Documents relating to Mint and Coinage. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. Do. (Land Eevenub Office.) 24 to 26 Elizabeth, and 8 & 9 William IH. 2 EoUs. [Land Revenue Records, Nos. 959 and 960,] Do. (Audit Office.) Accounts of the W.irdens of the Mint, 1536 to 1815. Do. of the Masters and Workers. 1626 to 1827. Do. of Purchases and Sales of Tin. 1603 to 1665, and 1703 to 1725. Controlnient Eolls. 10 James I. to 18 Charles II. Miscellaneous Accounts. 1547 to 1706. Mint, Documents relating to the. (Exchequer, Trea- sury OF THE Eeceipt.) Edw. I. to Charles II. A box containing original Assay Eolls, together with copies thereof, of the reigns of Edw. I., Edw. IL, and Edw. III. ; and Indentures by the Masters of the eever^l Mints of various dates. 217 MINT— (continued). The following are amongcit the Miscellaneous Books of the Treasury of the Receipt : — No. A^. Book of Charges of the Old Mint House at the Tower. 18 Henry VIII. No. B|. Assay Rolls and other documents relating to the Mint. Hen. VIII. to Geo. I. No. B^. Memoranda relating to the Trial of the Pix. ROTDLUS EMPTIONUM AEOENTI FACTAEUM IN CaMBIO LoN- DONliE, &c. 50-55 Henry III. [Misc. Rolls, &c. {Chancery), No, y.] Trials of the Pix, Proceedings on. (Exchequer, Q. R.). 1603 to 1727. 3 Vols. Warrants to summon Juries for the Trials of the Pix, Oaths and Verdicts of the Jurors, &c. (Ex- chequer, Q. R.) 1660 to 1715 and 1815 to 1824. Documents relating to the Mint will also be found amongst the Treasury Records. MONASTIC FOUNDATIONS, &c. Under the general name of Monastic Foundations may be included those Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, Abbeys, Priories, Colleges, Hospitals, Friaries, and other ecclesiastical bodies which were suppressed at different times by authority of Parliament. The Monastic Cathedral Churches were those in which the Bishop held the place of Abbot, the greater part of which were reconstituted subsequent to the dissolution of the Religious Houses by Henry VIII. The Collegiate Churches and Colleges consisted of a number of Secular Clergy, living under the government of a Dean, Warden, Provost, or Master, and having for the more solemn performance of divine service, Chaplains, Singing-men, and Choristers belonging to them. The Abbeys were societies of Religious Persons, presided over by an Abbot or Abbess, some of which were so con- siderable that their Abbots were summoned to Parliament as Peers of the Realm, and wore Mitres, having many of the attributes of a Bishop within the limits of their respec- tive Houses. The Priories were similar societies to the Abbeys, ruled, instead of by an Abbot, by a Prior or Prioress, who in the Abbeys were only subordinate officers. They were of two kinds : Firstly, those in which the Prior held full sway as entirely as if he were an Abbot and was chosen by the convent, as the Cathedral Priors and most of those of the Austin Order. Secondly, such as were Cells, subordinate to some great Abbey by whose Abbot the Prior was placed and displaced at will. Some of these were alto- gether subject to their respective Abbeys, who sent them 218 MONASTIC FOUNDATIONS, &c.- (continued). what officers and monks they pleased, taking ' their revenues into the common stock of the Abbey ; others consisting of a stated number of monks who had a Prior sent them from the Abbey, and paid a yearly pension as an acknowledgment of their subjection, but acted in other matters as an independent body, and had the rest of their revenues for their own use. Jilien Priories were such as were Cells to foreign Mon- asteries, by whom they were established to collect and administer the revenues of such manors, &c. as they held in this country. These als5 were of two kinds, some being conventual, that is to say, having Priors of their own choosing, and paying only the ancient " apport " to the foreign house, whilst others were entirely dependent on the foreign houses, to whom they returned all their revenues. For this reason their estates were generally seized during the wars between England and France, being rest IV. to 7 Hen. VIII. [ Do., Vol. IL] Do. A compendium or epitome of the Statutes of Edward the Third. 1-36 Edw. III. [Misc. Rolls, &c.. Chancery, No. e for the repair of Dover Haven, pursuant to Statute 23 Eliz. c. 6 , entitled " An Act for the Repair of Dover Haven." ' Descriptive Slips. Customs. (Havener's Accounts.) Henry IV. and Henry VI. Descriptive Slips. Customs. (Searchers' Accounts.) Ed w. II, to Elizabeth. These are the Accounts of the Searchers of Customs in various ports of the money, goods, &c. forfeited by illegal exportation. Descriptive Slips. Forfeitures of Goods exported " contra proclamationem," Accounts of. Edward III. to Richard II. These are the Accounts of Bailiffs, Searchers, and other Officers in various Ports of seizures of Money, Provisions, Cloth, Arras, Horses, &c. intended for exportation con- trary to the King's proclamation. Descriptive Slips, The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Augmentation Office : — Accounts of the Collector of Customs in the Ports of Exeter and Dartmouth. 8 Elizabeth. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books, Vol. 355.} An Account of the Tonnage and Poundage collected in the Port of London for one whole year. 2-3 James I. [ Do., Vol. 467.1 tr 55672. X 322 TAXATION— (continued). A similar volume for the Port of Newcastle-on-Tyne. 40-41 Elizabeth. [Misc. Books, Vol. 485.] Ulnage. Ulnagers' Accounts. (Miscellanea, Exchequer, Q. E.) Edw. III. to James I. These are Accounts of the Collectors of the Ulnage or Subsidy granted to the King on all cloths sold in each county. They contain very little information. Similar Accounts exist amongst the Miscellanea of the Treasury of the Receipt. Descriptive Slips. Wools, Subsidies on. Wools, Documents relating to. (Miscellanea, Exchequer, Q. E.) Edward III. These are Accounts of the Collectors of the Subsidies on Wools, &c., giving the amount of wool received from each person, with its value, and other documents subsidiary thereto. Descriptive Slips. The following Accounts, relating to various forms of Taxation, are amongst the " Declared Accounts " of the Audit Office : — Accounts of the Eeceivers- General of the Duties on Marriages, Births, and Burials (and also on Bachelors and Widowers), in certain counties and precincts. 1695 to 1706. Butlerage and Prisage. Accounts of the Chief Butler of England. 1554 to 1673. Customs : Accounts of the Farmers, Commissioners, Collectors, and Comptrollers-General of the Customs. 1602 to 1827. Do. of Eeceivers-General and Cashiers. 1672 to 1827. Do. of the Comptrollers and Cashiers in the West Indies and America. 1684 to 1786. Excise : Accounts of the Commissioners and Governors of Excise. 1647 to 1849. Hackney Coaches, Eeceiver-General's Accounts of the •duty on. 1694 to 1828. Hawkers' Licences, Eeceivers' and Commissioners' Accounts of. 1697 to 1828. Hearth Tax. Accounts of the Eeceivers, &c. 1673 to 1684. Salt, Duties on. Cash and General Accounts. 1694 to 1798. Stamp Duties. Cash and General Accounts. 1694 to 1827. 323 TOWER OP LONDON. Accounts of the Constable of the Towee. (Miscel- lanea, Exchequer, Q. R.) Edw. I. to Hen. VI. These are accounts of the yearly expenses of the Con- stable of the Tower, including the costs of repairs, fee, and of the custody of various Scotch and Welsh prisoners. [See also STATE PRISONERS,] Descriptive Slips. Bills op the Lieutenants of the Towee. (Exche- QUEE of Receipt.) 1572 to 1765. Two parcels containing Bills from the Tower of London for the Fees, &c. of the Officers there, and for the main- tenance of State Prisoners from 1572 to 1605, and from 1634 to 1765 respectively. Accounts of the Masters and Keepers op the Armoury. 1556 to 1686. [Audit Office, " Declared Accounts." Bundles 2299 to 2301.] Accounts op State Prisoners and Pat of the G^jr- EisoN. 1551 to 1553. [ Do. Bundle 2298.] An Index to the " Eecoeds in the Custody of the " Constable of the Tower of London, relating " TO THE State Prisoners, Garrison, &c.," which are contained in five volumes extending from 1660 to 1837 inclusive, is printed in the Appendix to the Deputy Keeper's Thirtieth Report, pp. 313-359. The volumes referred to are still at the Tower. See also WORKS AND BUILDINGS. TREATIES AND DIPLOMATIC DOCUMENTS. As the Lord Chancellor was in ancient times not only the Keeper of the King's conscience but also his Secretary of State both for Home and Foreign Affairs, it is to the Rolls of the Chancery that we must look for the most complete record of the correspondence and negotiations with Scotland, Ireland, Wales, and Foreign Countries, and for the Appointments and Powers of Ambassadors, Letters of Safe Conduct, and other documents of a more or less diplomatic nature. These are enrolled in a series of rolls formerly known as the Treaty Rolls, but which are now sub-divided into the several classes of Almain Rolls, French Rolls, Irish Rolls, Norman Rolls, Roman Rolls, Scotch Rolls, Vascon Rolls, and Welsh Rolls, described in the present volume under the title of CHANCERY ENROLMENTS (VARIOUS). Documents of a similar nature will also be found on the Close and Patent Rolls, and numerous isolated documents X 2 324 TREATIES, &c.— (coatinued;. relating to the same subject exist amongst the Miscel- laneous Kolls of the Court of Chancery, including the " Homage Rolls," which relate to the competition for the CrowM of Scotland between Balliol, Bruce, and others in the reign of Edward I. A large and in)|)ortant collection of original Treaties and of documents suba'diary thereto from Henry I. to Henry VIII. known as " Diplomatic Documents " exiits lursongft the Records of the Treasury of the Receipt of tlie Exchequer formerly deposited in the Chapter House, and Transcripts of similar documents will be found in the sc^eral REGISTERS AND BOOKS OP REMEM- BRANCE dt scribed under that title and also amongst the "Miscellaneous Books" of the Treasury of the Receipt, ind'c;ited in the following List. Tiiere is also a large collection of Teeaties from Henry VIII. to 1 837 and of " Treaty Papers " from about Henry VI. to George III. amongst the Records of the Foreign Office. See DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. See also STATE PAPERS. Treaties and Diplomatic Documents. (Chancery.) The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Rolls, &c. (Bundle 14) :— No. 1. Enrolment of a Treaty between the Kings of England and France, dated 7 April 27 Hen. III., and of Writs of Dedimug Potestatem, &o. relating to Truces of the 14th and 26th years of Hen. III. 27 Hen. ni. No. 2. Enrolment of a Treaty between the Kings of England and France, dated 20 May 12.59, and of various Letters relating thereto. 43 Hen. III. No. 3. Enrolments of Letters from the King of England to the Kings of France and Castile, the Pope, and others. 8-10 Edw. I. No. 4. Treaties and State Letters between the Kings of England, France, and Arragon. 14 Edw. I. No. 5. Letters, &o. relating to a dispute between the King of England and the Comte de Marche concerning the Oastlc of Montrenil. 18 Edw. I. No. 6. Copies of Treaties and Letters between the King of England and Eric, King of Norway. 18 Edw. I. No. 7. Letters of Credence for the Archbishop of Dublin and Anthony, Bishop of Durham, &c. 22 Edw. I. No. 8. Writs for the restitution of ships and merchandise according to the Agreement between the subjects of the Kings of England and Portugal. 23 Edw. I. No. 9. Letters and Drafts of Letters from the King to' divers nobles of Gascony. 23 Edw. I. No. 10. Drafts of Letters relating to the Treaty made between the Kings of England and France on the mediation of the two Cardinals sent by Pope Boniface. 23 Edw. I. No. 11. Treaties between the Kings of England and France, dated 23 Oct. 1 298. 25 Edw. I. 32.- TREATIES, &c.-(contiuuea> No. 12. Letters from the King to the Papal See relating to the renewal of peace between England and France. 25 Edw. I. No. 13. A roll containing Transcripts of the submisBions of the Proctors representing England, France, Burgundy, &c. in the Compromise made before Pope Boniface. 26 Edw. I. No. 14. A roll containing a Transcript of the procuration made by the representative of Burgundy. (Imperfect.) 26 Edw. I. No. 15. A roll, entitled " De snperiorita.te maris Anglise et " jure officii Admirallatns in eodem," containing Transcripts and Confirmations of Ordinances respect- ing the shipping and commerce between England, Bayonne, Flanders, &c. 26 Edw. I. No. 1 6. Articles of the Peace between the Kings of England and France. 31 Edw. I. No. 17. Articles relating to the homage of the Court of Flanders to the King of France. Temp. Edw. I. No. 18. Transcript of an Ordinance between the King of England, the Court of Flanders, and the people of Ghent. Temp. Edw. I. No. 19. Proposed Articles of a Treaty between England and France, with the answers thereto. 4 Edw. II. No. 20. A roll containing copies of Letters from Louis X. and Philip VI. of France concerning peace between that country and England, and also of Petitions from English subjects to the French King, with the answers thereto. 8 Edw. II. and 7 & 8 Edw. III. No. 21. Demands made at " Peitiera " to the King of France, with the responses thereto. Edw. II. No. 22. Articles relating to the homage due from the King of England to the King of France. Edw. II. No. 23. A Composition between the Kings of England and France relating to the Castle, &c. of Blaye. Bdvr. II. No. 24. Articles of inquiry as to the matters of dispute between England and other countries and the reme- dies, with the answers thereto. Edw. II. No. 25. Proceedings relating to the surrender of the Isle of Oleron. 1 Edw. III. No. 26. The form of declaration of homage to be made by the King of England for the Duchy of Aquitaine. 3 Edw. III. No. 27. A roll relating to the matters of dispute between England and other countries, the remedies formerly provided and now to be corrected. 4 Edw. III. No. 28. Enrolment of a Treaty between the Kings of Eng- land and France. (Imperfect.) 5 Edw. III. No. 29. Proceedings of the Commissioners of the King of England and the Earl of Flanders at Bruges con- cerning the losses incurred by certain merchants. 8 Edw. III. No. 30. A Transcript of the Certificates made to Edward I.. concerning the dangers to be apprehended from the confederacies of the French, Scots, and others, with a List of the documents taken by the Bishop of Chester and the Earl of Lincoln to the Court of France. Edw. III. No. 31. Letters of Credence, Instructions, &c. for "William Fitz-Waryn and John de Langtoft concerning a Treaty between England and France. Edw. III. 326 TREATIES, &c.— (continued). No. 32. The Certificate of John Peres concerning the affairs and dangers which affect the King in the processes pending in the Court of France. Edw. III. No. 33. A roll containing the reasons for assigning Com- missioners, &c. to defend the King's rights in the negotiations with France. Edw. III. No. 34. Negotiations, &o. between the Kings of England and Aragon touching the dispute between the latter and Philip de Valoys. Edw. III. No. 35. Petitions, &c. relating to the losses inflicted on the People of Flanders and the subjects of the King of Castile and Leon. Hen. IV. No. 36. A Treaty between the King of England and the Merchants of the Hanse Towns. 14 Edw. IV. No. 37. Transcripts of Letters from the Archduke Maximi- lian to Henry VII., dated respectively the 14th, 19th, and 24th Sept. 1506. (Printed. Gairdner. I. 301- 306.) Diplomatic Documents. (Exchequee, Teeasurt op THE Receipt.) Henry I. to James I. A collection of Original Treaties and of documents subsidiary thereto contained in 35 boxes. Calendar. Report XLV., App. I., pp. 285-380, and Report XLVIII., App., pp. 561-619. The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Treasury of the Receipt : — No. A-J. An "Inventory of the Treaties remaining in the Treasury." No. A|. A Calendar or Eepertory of Papal Bulls, Treaties, &c. relating to the Duchy of Aquitaine. Edw. II. No. Ay\. Transcripts of ancient Treaties between the Kings of England and France. Hen. V. No. Bi. Eegister of the Acts of Homage and Fealty by the nobility and others of the Duchy of Aquitaine. Edw. III. No. B^. Documents relating to Scottish Affairs. (Many of these are printed in Eymer's Foedera.) Edw. III. to Eliz. No. Bf . Documents relating to the Marches of Scotland and Wales. Hen. VIII. No. Aj^. Instructions to Ambassadors at the Court of the King of Arragon. Hen. VIII. TREATISES ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS. England, the Condition op. " An account of the State of England in anno Domini 1600." By Thos. Willson. A manuscript of 87 pages, stating the claims o£ the several competitors for the Crown, with a description of the country and of Ireland ; the condition of the people ; state of the revenue and expenses ; the military and naval forces ; &c., &c. [S. P. Dom., Eliz., Vol. 280.] 327 TREATISES ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS— (continued). An Account op England and its Institutions. A volume written apparently about the end of James I. [S. P. Born., Charles L, Vol. 17a.] Teade and Voyages of Discoveey. A volume containing copies and extracts of treaties, grants, &c. relating to trade and voyages of discovery from the time of Offa, King of Mercia, to the year 1586. Printed in " Hakluyt's Voyages." [S. P., Dom., JSliz., Vol. 196.] AUEUM Regin-e. A Treatise on the Queen's claim to the Aurum Keginae. 1607. IS. P., Bom., Jas. L, Vol. 29.] The following are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt : — No. A|. On the " Tropes and Figures of Scripture." No. AA ] to \ Theological and Political Tracts. 13 Vols. AJjJ No. Bj^. Fragments of Legal Treatises, &c. No. B-^. Treatises on Legal Subjects, &c. No. B ■^. Treatises on Theological Subjects. No. B^'s-. Armestrong's " Sermons, &c. on Popish Supre- macy." No. Af . Ancient Legal Common Place Book. No. Oj^, A printed book entitled " Carta Feodi," found amongst the papers of the Court of Wards. UNIVERSITIES. Accounts, &c. eelating to the Univeesities of Ox- FOED AND Oambeidgb. (Exchequee, Q. R.) Edw. III. to Elizabeth. These consist principally of Accounts of the Warden of King's Hall, Cambridge, relating to the expenses of the scholars, &c., with a few Warrants and Receipts for pay- ment of Annuities, &c. by various Colleges in Oxford and Cambridge. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. SUEVEYS OF THE UnIVEESITIES OF OXFOED AND CAM- BEiDGE. (Exchequee, Augmentation Office.) 7 Henry VIII. A Survey or Valuation of all the possessions, as well temporal as spiritual, of the various Colleges, Halls, Hospitals, Chantries, and Chapels within the several Towns and Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, together with the expenses and reprises thereof, and full particulars of the several Foundations, giving the names of the Founders, date and conditions of foundation, stipends, benefactions, &c. ; taken by Commissioners appionted for 328 UNIVERSITIES— (continued). that purpose in the 87th year of Henry VIII. Two large volumes. [Misc. Book), Vols. 440 (Cambridge) and 4^1 (Oxford).] The following volumes relating to the Unversities of Oxford and Cambridge are amongst the Domestic State Papers : — A manuscript describing the Founders and Bene- factors of various COLLEGES IN CAMBRIDGE; and the names of all those at present in the University. 1563? [S. P., Dom., Eliz., Vol. 33.J A Commission and Depositions of Witnesses re- specting a disputed election to the Mastership of St. John's College, Cambridge. 1633. [S. P., Dom., Car. I., Vol. 249.] Entry Books of Letters, Warrants, &g. relat- ing TO the Universities. Charles II. 2 Vols. [Dom. Entry Boohs, Vols. 27 and 53.] See also the '• Ecclesiastical Entry Books " in the same series. WALES. The principal classes of documents relating to Wales, in addition to the " Eotuli Walliae " or Welsh Rolls of the reign of Edward I., and the Patent or Eemembrance Rolls of the Palatinate of Chester, both of which are described under the head of CHANCERY EN- ROLMENTS, consist of the Plea Rolls and other Proceedings of the Courts of Great Sessions from 33 Henry VIII. (see JUDICIAL PROCEED- INGS), and of Ministers' and Receivers' Accounts, Court Rolls, Inquisitions Post Mortem (Chester and Flint), Fines and Recoveries, &c. described under the titles indicated. The Plea Rolls of the Palatinate of Chester com- mence in the 44th year of Henry III., and a Calendar of the Deeds, Inquisitions, &c. enrolled thereon from Hen. III. to Hen. VIII. is printed in the Deputy Keeper's Reports, Nos. XXVI. to XXX. inclusive. The following documents relating to Wales will be found amongst the Miscellanea : — A roll containing Extracts from the Patent and Close EoUs of all matters relating to Wales. 1-39 Hen. III. [Miscellanea, Exchequer, Tr. of the Receipt, No. \8.] 329 WALES— (contimiad). Two rolls containing the " Statuta Wallise." 13 Edw. I. [Miscellanea, Exchequer, Tr. of the Receipt, No. -ff.] A large roll containing the correspondence of Edward Prince of Wales (described in Report IX., App. II., p. 246). 33 Edw. I. [ Do. No. y.] An Account of the whole revenue of the Principality of Wales. 47-49 Edw. III. [Misc. Rolls, &c., Chancery, No. ^-J.] Proceedings before the King's Council of the Marches of Wales. (A few documenta only.) Temp. Hen. VIII. [Miscellanea, Exchequer, Tr. of the Receipt, Box 111,], Petitions and other proceedings relating to the Marches of Wales. 1 & 2 Philip and Mary. [Misc. Books, Exchequer, Tr. oftht Receipt, No. A\:\ Letters, Submissions, Homages, and other documents relating to the affairs of Wales during the reigns of Henry III. and Edward I. are contained in the Eegis- TEUM MuNiMENTOETJM " LiBEE A." See REGIS- TERS AND BOOKS OP REMEMBRANCE. The Golden Geove Book, a Genealogical and Heraldic Collection relating to Wales, consisting of three volumes with an index volume, was in 1870 conditionally deposited in the Public Record Office, for the Public use, by its owner, the Earl of Cawdor. i;7ARDR0BE AND HOUSEHOLD. Chancery. Waedeobe and Household Accounts. The following are amongst the Miscellaneous RoUs, &c. (Bundle 15) :— No. 1. An acoonnt of expenses in provisions for the Royal Household. Temp. John. No. 2. An account of the Treasurer of the Wardrobe. 10 Hen. III. No. 3. An account of cloth of gold, &c. sent to the Emperor and of the royal beds and robes. 19 Hen. III. No. 4. An account of provisions for the Eoyal Household. Temp. Hen. III. No. 5. A List of presents given to and by the King. (Imper- fect.) Temp. Hen. III. No. 6. A File of Accounts relating to the Receipts and Issues of the Wardrobe. Temp. Hen. III. No. 7. Accounts of the Wardrobe, " de minutis particulis." 3-8 Edw. I. No. 8. An account of the ozpenBes made for the Tournament at Windsor. 6 Edw. I. 330 WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD— (continued;. Chancery — (continued). No. 9. A roll of Ordinances of the Eoyal Honseliold. 7 Edw. I. No. 10. Expenses in proTisions, &o. for tlie Koyal Honseliold. 8 Edw. I. No. 11. Do. in Gascony and Wales. 10 Edw. 1. No. 12. Do. in "Wales. 10-11 Edw. I. No. 13. An account of Wines, &o. purchased for the King's use. 9-13 Edw. I. No. 14. The Household expenses of Edward the King's son. 18 Edw. I. No. 15. Do. at Langley. 18 Edw. I. No. 16. An account of the King's Goldsmith. 24-25 Edw. I. No. 17. The Household expenses of the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield on an embassy. 25 Edw. I. No. 18. The household expenses of Thomas of Lancaster and Henry his brother. 25 Edw. I. No. 19. An account of the Clerk of the Wardrobe of the Cloth of Gold, &c. issued. 34 Edw. I. No. 20. Expenses of provisions for the Eoyal Household. Temp. Edw. I. No. 21. Do. Temp. Edw. I. No. 22. A roll of Ordinances of the Eoyal Household. 12 Edw. II. No. 23. Do. of the Eoyal Wardrobe. 17 Edw. U. No. 24. An account of the household expenses of William de Stowe. Temp. Edw. III. No. 26. Do. of the Lady Alicia de Brienne. 13-14 Hen. IV. No. 26. The Ordinances of the King's Household. 23 Hen. VI. No. 27. An Inventory of Furniture, &c. Temp. Hen. VI. No. 28. An Account of the New Tears' Gifts made to and by the Queen. 5 Eliz. No. 29. Do. 19 Eliz. No. 30. Do. 40 Eliz. No. 31. Do. 45 Eliz. The following Books of " Accounts of the Clerk and Comptroller of the Wardrobe " form a separate Bundle : — No. 1. A Wardrobe Account Book. 6 Edw. I. No. 2. Do. 13 Edw. I. No. 3. Do. 14 Edw. I. No. 4. Do. 17 Edw. I. No. 5. Do. 18 Edw. L No. 6. Do. 25 Edw. I. No. 7. Do. 25 Edw. I. (a portion only). Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Waedeobb and Household Accounts. 14 John to 56 George III. These contain the daily expenses of the Eoyal and Minor Koyal Households and of the Great and Privy Wardrobe, ■which include many payments which in later times were made at the Exchequer. The Accounts and Inventories relating to the Koyal Jewels from Edw^ard I. to Edward III. 331 WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD— (continued). Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer — (continued), are arranged separately under the head of" Jocalia Kegis." The Wardrobe and Household Accounts are of veiy great historical and antiquarian interest, and have been exten- sively made use of by various writers, several accounts having been printed in full by the Society of Antiquaries. Amongst these documents will be found the " Mis^ Koll " of 14 John, printed in Cole's " Selections from the Records of the Exchequer, Q. E.," published by the Recoid Com- mission. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. Chamber, Accounts, &o. op the Treasurer op the. Henry VIII. to Elizabeth. These ai-e Accounts of the payments made by the Trea- surer of the King's Chamber to various Officers of the Eoyal Household and others, with Warrants under the Royal Sign Manual and Receipts subsidiary thereto, &c. Descriptive Slips. Clare Household Accounts. Edward I to Edward III. These are Accounts of the daily expenses of the House- hold of the Lady Elizabeth de Burgo, Lady of Clare. Descriptive Slips. Equitium Regis, Accounts of the. 17 Edward I. to 20 James I. These relate to the expenses of the Royal Stud, the purchase of provender, wages of attendants, &c. Calendar. 1 Vol. MS. The following Wardrobe Accounts are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Exchequer, Q. R. : — Vol. 49. " The Kinge's Soke of his Eeoeiptes." 6 Henry VII. Vol. 50. Do. 18-21 Henry VII. These two books contain apparently the Accounts of the Keeper of the Privy Purso of all sums received on behalf of the King day by day, each entry being attested by the Boyal Sign Manual. Vol. 51. The Account of J. de Droknesford of the Receipts and Issues of the Wardrobe, anno 34 Edward I. Jocalia Regis. See Wardrobe and Household Accounts. (Above.) Exchequer, Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer. Wardrobe and Household Accounts, Enrolments of. 42 Hen. III. to 1 Edw. VI. 14 Rolls, as follows :— No. 1. 42-45 Henry III. Accounts of the Clerk of the Ward- robe. No. 2. 9 Edw. II. to 23 Edw. III. Accounts of the Keepers of the Great Wardrobe. No. 3. 1 Edw. II. to 6 Edw. III. Accounts of the Purveyor and Keeper of the Great Wardrobe. No. 4. 17 Edw. II. to 25 Edw. III. Accounts of the Clerks and Purveyors of the Great Wardrobe. .S32 WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD— (continued). Exchequer, Lord. Treasurer's Remembrancer— (continued). No. 5. 1-2 Edward III. Accounts of the Keeper of the Wardrobe. No. 6. 18-21 Edward III. Do. No. 7. 24 Bdw. III. to 9 Hie. II. Do. No. 8. 27-31 Edward III. Accounts of the Clerk of the "Wardrobe. No. 9. 41-42 Edward III. Do. No. 10. 43 Edward III. Do. No. 11. 48 Edw. III. to 1 Hen. IV. Accounts of the Keeper of the Great Wardrobe. No. 12. 6 Hen. IV. to 2 Edw. IV. Do. No. 13. Hen. IV. to Bdw. IV. Do. (much decayed). No. 14. 1 Hen. VII. to 1 Edw. VI. Do. Waedrobe Account Books. 3 Vols., as follows : — Vol. 1. Aoc'ounts of J. de Claxton, Keeper of the Great Ward- robe. 5-6 Edw. II. Vol. 2. Do. of W. de Melton, Keeper of the Great Ward- robe. 8-9 Edw. II. Vol. 3. Do. of Sir J. Elrington, Knt., Treasurer of the King's Household, entitled " Oreditores diversorum Offioiorum Hospicii Regis." 5-9 Edw. IV. Exchequer, Augmentation Oflace. Eoyal Household Book. 34 Henry VIII. to 2 Ed- ward VI. [Misc. Books, Vol. 160.] Household of Queen Katharine, Accounts and Receipts relating to the. 35 Henry VIII. [ Do., Vol 16\.] Chamber, Accounts of the Treasurer of the. 1-2 Edward VI. The Accounts of Sir Wm. Cavendish, Treasurer of the King's Chamber, of his Receipts and Payments from the last day of March anno 1 Edward vj. to the first day of October anno 2 Edward vj. 1 Vol. [ Do., Vol. 439.] Particulars of the Accounts of Sir Andrew Windsor, Keeper of the Great Wardrobe. 28 Heniy VIII. and 31 Henry VIII. 2 Vols. [ Do., Vols. 455, 456.] Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt. Wardrobe and Household Accounts. Ric. I. to James I. These include a fragment of a Misae Roll, temp. Ric. I., and a duplicate of the Misae Roll of 14 John ; an Account of the expenses of an Ambassador to Tartary, temp. Edw. I. ; Memoranda Rolls of the Exchequer of Queen Isabella from 4 to 8 Edward III. ; the Household Accounts of Henry V. when Prince of Wales ; Inventories of the Royal Jewels, &c., &c. Descriptive Slips. An Account of the Household of Henry II., entitled " Constitutio Domus Regis de Procnrationibus," is con- tained in the Black Book of the Exchequer (Liber Niger Parvus), and is printed in Hearne's Liber Niger. 333 WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD— (continued). Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt — (continued). Waedeobe aitd Exchequer Debentures, Wakeants, &c. Various dates. These consist of Original Warrants to the Keeper of the Great Wardrobe and to the Treasurer and Chamberlains of the Exchequer for the payment of Wages, Pensions, and other expenses of the Wardrobe and Household ; and of original Debentures or Notes of sums owing in the Great Wardrobe, with Memoran'la thereto appended of the pay- ment of the several sums, as a[)pear8 from the Eolla of the Pell Office. 35 Boxes. The following Accounts relating to the Household and Wardrobe are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Treasury of,tlie Eeceipt: — No. Ai^. Expenses of the Eoyal Household. 14-16 Edw. I. No. A|. Wardrobe Accounts. 22-23 Edw. I. No. A|. Do. 12-14 Edw. III. No. AyV Do. 15-18 Edw. III. No. Af . Household Expenses of Queen Philippa. 24 Edw. III. No. B^. Expenses of the Eoyal Messengers. Edw. III. No. Ai-%. Accounts of the Olerk of the Marshalsey of the Royal Household. 7-8 Hen. VII. No. Bf . Household Expenses of Elizabeth, Queen of Hen. VII. 17 Hen. VII. No. A-^. " Book of King's Payments." 21 Hen. VII.-l Hen. VIII. No. At%. Do. 1-9 Hen. VIH. No. AfV. Do. 9-12 Hen. Vin. No. AA. Household Accounts of the Abbots of Ramsey. 21 Hen. Vn.-24 Hen. VIII. No. A-p^. Household Accounts relating to the Priory of the Holy Trinity, London. 5-6 Hen. VIII. No. Bf. Expenses of Bevels, &c. 1-11 Hen. VIII. No. Bj^. Household Expenses of the E. of Devon. 10 Hen. VIII. No. Bj2^. Do. of the Princess Mary. 12 Hen. VIII. No. AS. Do. of the D. of Buckingham. 12 Hen. VIII. No. Bjy. Expenses of the Royal Household at Calais and Guisnes. 12 Hen. VIII. No. Ai. Household Accounts of the Princess Mary. 15 Hen. VIII. No. Bf. Do. of Katharine, Countess of Devon. 15 Hen. VIII. No. Bt^. Accounts ofthe Great Wardrobe. 16-16 Hen. VIII. No. AA-. Household Expenses of Henry, E. of Devon. 17 Hen. VIII. No. AA. Receipts and Payments of the E. of Northumber- land. 6-18 Hen. VII [. No. AA. Expenses of Revels, &c. at Greenwich. 19 Hen. VIII. No. Bl. Accounts of Revels, Tournaments, &c. Temp. Hen. VIII. No. Bf. Do. Temp. Hen. VIII. No. Bf . Wages of the Royal Household. Temp. Hen. VIII. 334 WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD— (continued). Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt — (continued). No. Cf . An estimate of the Expenses of the Diet of the King's Household for one week. Temp. Hen. VIII. No. 0*. Ordinances of the Great Wardrobe. (A copy.) 6 Oar. I. No. Of. Expenses of Repairs, &o. at Hampton Court and Oatlands. Hen. YIII. No. j%. Expenses at Hampton Court. Hen. VIII. No. Cf. Expenses of Bepaira at Hampton Court and Oat- lands. Hen. Vin. No. Cf . Do. Hen. VHI. No. Ci%. Expenses, &o. at Hampton Court. Hen. VIII. No. C^. - Do. (Eepairs.) Hen. Vin. No. 0^. Hampton Court Accounts. 22 & 23 Hen. VIII. No. C^. Do. 25 & 26 Hen. VIII. No. G^. Do. 26 & 28 Hen. VIII. No. Ot^. Do. 28 & 29 Hen. VIH. No. C,^. Do. 29 & 30 Hen. VIII. Exchequer of Receipt. Account Books, as follows : — Accounts of the Keeper of the Great Wardrobe. 18-19 Hemy VIII. Accounts of the Privy Purse and Robes of Prince Henry. 6-7 James I. Accounts of the Cofferer and Keeper of the Great Ward- robe of the Household of Prince Charles. 1616-1625. Accounts of the Comptroller of the Household of Prince Charles. 1616-1625. Accounts of the Master of the Wardrobe and Robes to Prince Charles. 1617-1624. Accounts of the Receivers-General of the Revenues of Charles I. as Prince and as King. 1618-1640. Descriptive Catalogue. Report IL, App. II., pp. 199- 203 ; and Report V., App. II., pp. 289-290. Alms Roll. 13 Edward I. A portion of the royal revenue was generally set apart to be applied to pious uses under the title of settled alms or eleemosynm constitutm. The foregoing Roll contains, in addition to an account of the alms and charity bestowed by the King, the costs and charges of erecting the Abbey of Vale Royal and of that of Maynair, and states the daily expenditure of the King's alms at Bcreford, Worces- ter, Gloucester, Beauchief, Chester, and many other places, specifying the monasteries, religious houses, and churches in which such alms were distributed and for what purpose bestowed ; many of which, as applied to superstitious uses, are verj' curious. Expenses of the Geeat Waedeobe. 1561 to 156G. 5 Vols. Payments kelating to the Waedeobe and Household Books of. 1571 to 1593. 10 Vols, 335 WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD— (continued). Exchequer of Receipt— (continued). The following Household Accounts are amongst the " Miscellanea " of the Exchequer of Receipt : — Accounts of the Eoyal Hoasehold. 44 Henry III. Do. of the Wardrobe. 2 Edw. I. Do. of the Household. 12-13 Edw. I. Do. do. 21 Edw. I. (3 rolls). Do. of the Queen's Kitchen. 27 Edw. I. Do. of the Eoyal Household. Temp. Edw. I. Do. do. 16 Edw. II. Do. do. 37-38 Edw. III. Land Revenue Office. The Land Kerenue Records contain a few Household Accounts of yarious dattts, principally of the reigns of Elizabeth and Charles I., but including an Account of the Expenses of the Queen at Knoll, 19 Edward I.; an Account of the Expenses of the journey of Princess Eleanor, 6 Edward III. ; an Account of the Expenses of Queen Isabel, temp. Ric. II. ; and an Account of the Privy Purse from 3 to 5 Edward VI. Descriptive List. Audit Office. The following are amongst the " Declaeed Ac- counts " : — Chamber, Accounts of the Treasurers of the. 1558 to 1782. Chamberlain of the Household, Accounts of the. 1782 to 1812. Funerals and Coronations, Expenses of. See Ward- robe, Accounts of the. There are also six volumes containing Accounts of the Expenses of Funerals and Coronations from 1619 to 1714. Household. Accounts of the Comptrollers of the Queen-Mother's Household. 1668-1669. Horse, Master of the. General Accounts. 1603 to 1813. Pensions and Salaries of the Royal Household, Ac- counts of. 1684 to 1782. Privy Purse. Accounts of the Keeper of the Privy Purse, &c. 1603 to 1687. Progresses, Royal. Accounts of the Expenses of Royal Progresses. 1603 to 1688. Revels, Accounts of Masters of the. 1572 to 1670, Do. Books of Expenses of. 1571 to 1588. 12 Vols. Robes, Accounts of the Masters and Gentlemen of the. 1605 to 1812. Queen's Robes, Accounts of the Mistress of the. 1606 to 1714, 336 WARDROBE AND HOUSEHOLD— (coutinued). Audit Office — (continued). Tents, Hales, and Pavilionp, Accounts of the Masters of the. 1560 to 1676. Toylesj Accounts of the Masters o£ the. 1560 ta 1630. ■\^''ardrobe. Accounts of the Masters or Keepers of the Great "Wardrobe. 1558 to 1782. Accounts similar to the foregoing, more especially with reference to Coronations and Funeral Ceremonies, will be found amongst the Records of the Lord Chamberlain's Department. See DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. Domestic State Papers. Orders and Regulations set down for the government of the Household of Edward IV. An attested copy by Sir J. Williamson of " a fair Manuscript giveii to him " by Dr. Barlow, Provost of Queen's Colleffe, Oxford." 1 Vol. An elaborate Treatise on the early regulations of the Household of the Kings of England, known as the Liber Niger of the Household of Edward IV. 1 Vol. Articles devised at Eltliam for the Establishment op the Royal Household, anno 17 Henry VIII., with Lists of Officers, their wages and diet, &c. 1 Vol. The two last-mentioned volumes are printed in the collection of " Ordinances and Regulations for the Govern- " ment of the Royal Household in various Reigns," pub- lished by the Society of Antiquaries in 1790. WARDS AND MINORS. Grants of the custody of the lands and ])ersons of Wards and Minors, and Writs for the lavery of such Lands on the heir attaining his majority, are entered on the Patent and Fine Rolls respectively. See CHANCERY ENROLMENTS. Inquisitions respecting the possessions of Wards and Minors and the Proofs op Age taken on suing out the ^ Writ " de probatione astatis " will be found amongst the ff INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM. Accounts of the possessions of Wards and Minors are included in the general series of MINISTERS' AND RECEIVERS' ACCOUNTS. A " Court of Wards," to which the office of Liveries was subsequently united, was instituted by Statute 32 Henry VIII. c. 46., for the purpose of superintending and regulat- ing the inquiries made upon the death of the King's tenants as to the lands of which they died seised, and the name and age of the next heir, &c., in order to ensure to the 337 WARDS AND MINORS— (continued). King his rights of marriage, wardship, relief", and primer seisin, and all such inquiries were suhji-ct to the juiisdiction of the Court until its final abolition by the Statute 12 Car. II. c. 24. The Inquisitions returned into the Court of Wards and Liveries. are referred to under the head o£ INQUISI- TIONS POST MORTEM, and its Judicial Proceedings under the head of JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS (VARIOUS). The remaining Records of the Court consist chiefly of " Miscellaneous Books" as follows : — DowEE, Indentures, Patents, and Assignments of. Hen. VIII. and Edw. VI. 1 Vol. [Misc. Books. Vol. 286.] Do WEES, Paeticulaes foe. 9 Eliz. to 11 Car. I, 2 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 287-288.] Extents, Attachments, Bonds, and Recognizances, Entries OF. Eliz. to Car. I. 118 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 583 to 700.] Evidences, Books of. 1556 to 1645. 4 Vols., and Calendar, 1 Vol. [ Do. Vols. 180 to 184.] See also " Deeds, Chartebs, Evidences, &c. (Original) " described under the head of DEEDS (ANCIENT). Indenture Books. Hen. VIII. to Car. I. 15 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 114 to 128.] LiVTEEiES, Books of. Hen. VIII. 1o Oar. 1. 30 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 54 to 83.] Liveries, Particui-ars foe. Hen. VIII. to Miiry. 5 Vols. [3fisc. Books, Vols. 578 to 582.] Patent and Decree Books. Hen. VIII. to Jas. I. 11 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 103 to 113.] Surveys, Books of. 5 Hen. VIII. to 21 Eliz., & 12 Jaa. I. 17 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 129 to 146,] There is also a collection of Surveys in Bundles known as "Feodaries Surveys," extending from Hen. VIII. to Car. I., and arranged in Counties. Wardships, Petitions and Compositions foe. 8 Jas. I. to 20 Car. I. 7 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 214 to 220.] Wardships, Sales~of, and Peefeements. Hen. VIII. to Car. I. 18 Vols. [ Do. Vols. 147 to 164.] U 55G72. Y 338 WARDS AND MINORS— (continued). Miscellaneous Books. Henry VIII. to Gar. I. 196 Vols. The following volumes relating to the business of the Court of Wards are amongst the Miscellaneous Books of the Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt : — No. A J. Sales of Kind's Wardships. 18-20 Hen. VIII. No. AjV a Book of Wards. 19-21 Hen. Vni. No. AA- Do. 22-23 Hen. VIII. WILLS (ROYAL AND PRIVATE). EoTAL Wills. The Will of Henry II. is enrolled in the Black Book of the Exchequer. The Will of Edward I. is enrolled in the " Registrum Munimentorum " (Liber A. No. 15). The Wills of Richard II., Henry V., Henry VII., and Henry VIII. are preserved amongst the Records of the Treasury of the Receipt of the Exchequer, each forming a separate volume. A Copy of the Will of Henry VIII. forms Vol. 469 of the Miscellaneous Books of the Augmentation Office. Wills op Peivate Persons. Many Wills of private persons are to be found in the several Series of " Ancient Deeds " now in the course of being catalogued. See DEEDS (ANCIENT). Pursuant to Statute 1 Geo. I. the Wills of Roman Catholics are enrolled on the Close Rolls. Wills are also frequently enrolled on the Decree Rolls of the Court of Chancery and on the Recovery Rolls of the Common Pleas. See DEEDS ENROLLED. Letters of Administration and Probates of Wills relating to Government Annuities, &c. are entered in the Assign- ment Books of the Exchequer of Receipt from 1622, and previous to that date in the Patent and Privy Seal Books of that Court. See RECEIPTS AND ISSUES OP THE EXCHEQUER. A Parliamentary Return in 1845 (^Sessional Paper, H. C, 1845, iVb. .249), exhibits the extraordinary number of jurisdictions in which Wills are to be found, showing that they are deposited in Parish Churches, private houses of Registrars, with Lords of Manors, &c., &c. Wills affecting lands or tenements in Middlesex or in Yorkshire are registered at the several District Registries 339 WILLS (ROYAL AND PRIVATE)- (continued) established for those Counties. See DEEDS, &C., REGISTRIES OP. By Statute 42 Geo, III. c. 99. Extracts of Wills from the Eegistries of the different Counties, Divisions, &c. are sent to the Legacy Duty Office, Somerset House. The Original Wills filed in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury from 1383, and those of several other jurisdic- tions, are also preserved at Somerset House. WORKS AND BUILDINGS. Accounts of the Cleek of the Works. (Miscel- lanea, ExcHEQUEE, Q. K.) Edward III. to Efizabeth. These are Accounts of the Works carried on in various Eoyal Palaces, Castles, Parks, &c., with Files of Keceipts and other documents subsidiary thereto. Amongst them will be found a number of writs, receipts, and indentures in connexion with the account of Geofl'rey Chaucer during the period in which he was Clerk of the King's Works. Descriptive Slips. Accounts of Works at Westminster and the Tower, (Miscellanea, Exchequer, Q. K.) Henry III. to Philip and Mary. These are Accounts by the Clerk of the Works of the Wages of Artificers, and expenses of materials in repairs and building executed in the Royal Palace at Westminster and in the Tower of London. They are voluminous, and contain much curious information. Similar Accounts will be found amongst the Miscellanea of the Treasury of the Receipt, Descriptive Slips. Accounts relating to Windsor Castle and Chapel, (Exchequer, Treasury of the Receipt,) Edw. IV. to Hen. VIII. These consist of the Accounts of the Constable of Windsor Castle, and of Accounts of Repairs and Buildings in connexion therewith relating chiefly to St. George's Chapel. One box [No. 44], containing 16 Rolls and 26 Books. Accounts op Repairs at Westminster. (Exchequer OF Receipt.) 44 Henry III. 2 Rolls. These rolls give a most minute accoimt of the expenses incurred for rebuilding, repairing, and enlarging part of the King's Palace at Westminster, and for decorating and ornamenting the same, specifying the sums paid to each artist and workman, and whence the timber, stone, and other materials were obtained. T 2 34U WORKS AND BUILDINGS— (continued). Accounts of Works and Buildings. (Audit Office.) 1563 to 1827. See DEPARTMENTAL RECORDS. The following Accounts of Repairs at Eoyal Palaces, &c. are amongst the Miscellanea : — Expenses of Repairs at Woodstock. 3 Edw. I. [Misc. Bolls, &c. {Chancery), No. L".] Expenses of the Royal Palaces. 4 Edw. I. [ Do. No. V-] Expenses at the Palace of the Archbishop of York in London. 25 Edw. I. [ Do. No. if.] Accounts of Works, &;c. at the Palace of Westminster. 22-23 Hen. VIII. [Misc. Books, Exchequer, Treasury of the Beceipt, Nos . A^ and A§-.] Accounts of Works an Repairs at Fotheringay Castle. 15 and 30 Elizabeth. [Land Bevenue Becords, Nos. 617 anrf618.] 341 INDEX TO SUBJECTS. Accountant General's Certificates. See " Judicial Proceedings." Accounts. Acknowledgments of Deeds. ivcknowledgments of supremacy. see " monastic foun- dations, &c." Act.s OF Parliament. See " Parliamentary Proceed- ings." Admiralty, High Court of. {Introd., p. xxiii.) Do. Records of the. Admiralty Records. See "Departmental Records." Affidavits. See "Judicial Proceedings." Agarde's Indexes. Aginoourt Rolls. See " Army, Navy, &c." Aids, Book of. See "Feudal Tenures." Alienation of Lands. Alien Priories. See " Monastic Foundations, &c." Aliens. Almain Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Alms (Royal). See " Wardrobe and Household." Ambassadors and Envoys. Annuities (Chancery). Do. (Exchequer). Apparel. Appeals of Murder and Homicide. See " Inquisitions post mortem, &c." Arches, Court of. (Litrod., p. xxiv.) Do. Records op the. See " Judicial Proceedings (Various)." Army, Navy, and Ordnance. Articles of Clerkship. See " Attorneys and Solici- tors." 342 Assignments of Annuities, &c. See " Receipts and Issues of the Exchequer." Assize and Quo Warranto Rolls. See " Judicial Proceedings (Queen's Bench, Crown Side)." Attainders. See " Escheats, Attainders, and For- feitures." Attorneys and Solicitors. Audit Office Records. See " Departmental Records." Augmentations, Court of. See " Ministers' and Receivers' Accounts." Aula Regis. {Introd.,p. vH.) Awards and Agreements. See "Judicial Proceedings (Chancery)." Aavards of Inclosure Commissioners. See " Deeds Enrolled." Ayloffe's Calendars. Babington's Conspiracy. See " Rebellions." " Baga de Secretis." See " Judicial Proceedings (Queen's Bench, Crown Side)." Banco, Placita de. See " Judicial Proceedings (Common Pleas)." Bankrupts' Estates. Baronets. Bedford Level. See " Sewers, Commissions of." Benefices, Institutions and Presentations to. See " Ecclesiastical Matters." Benevolences. See "Loans and Benevolences." Bills and Answers. See " Judicial Pi^oceedings." Bishoprics, Henry VIII.'s Scheme of. See "Ecclesi- astical Matters." Bishoprics, Surveys and Valuations of. See " Ec- clesiastical Matters." Bishops, Appointments of. See " Ecclesiastical Mat- tees." Bishops' Temporalities. See " Ministers' and Re- ceivers' Accounts." Black Book of the Exchequer. See " Registers and Books op Remembrance." jBlood Monet Certificates. See "Receipts and Issues of the Exchequer." Bloody Assize. See " Rebellions." Bonds and Recognizances. Brevia Reqia. See " Chancery Files." 343 BuTLEEAGE AND Peisage. See " Taxation." Cardinal's Bundles. See " Monastic Foundations, &o." Cardinal's Colleges. See " Monastic Foundations, &c." Caet^ Antique Eolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Certificates. Chamber, Treasurer of the. See " Wardrobe and Household." Chancellors' Rolls. See " Eevenue Rolls." Chancery, Court op. (Introd., p. ix.) Chancery Enrolments. Do. (Various). Dq. (Palatinate of Chester). Do. (Palatinate of Durham). Do. (Palatinate op Lancaster). Chancery Files. Channel Islands. Charities. Charter Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments." Charters and Grants (Royal). Charters and Grants op the Duchy op Lancaster. Charters and Grants of the Palatinates op Chester, Durham, and Lancaster. See " Chancery Enrol- ments." • Chartularies. See "Monastic Foundations, &c." Chester, Records op the Palatinate op. {Introd., p. xxxiii.) Chivalry, Court op. (Introd., p. xxiv.) Do. Records op the. See "Judicial Proceedings (Various)." Cinque Ports. Civil List Issues. See "Receipts and Issues of the Exchequer." Church Goods. See "Ecclesiastical Matters." Church Lands. See "Ecclesiastical Matters." Church Livings, Surveys of. See "Ecclesiastical Matters." Clare, Household Accounts. See "Wardrobe and Household." Clerks of the Peace, Records of the. See "Deeds, &c.. Registries of." Close Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments." 344 Cognovits. See "Judicial Proceedings." Colleges and Chantries. See " Monastic Foundations, &c." Colonial Office Eecords. See "Departmental Kbcoeds." Commissions. Common Pleas, Court of. {Introd., p. xvii.) Common Prayer, Sealed Books of. Concealed Lands. See " Crown Lands, &c." CoNCi LiUM Eegis. (Introd., p. viii.) Confirmation Rolls. See "Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Conges d'Elire. See " Ecclesiastical Matters." Consents. See "Deeds Enrolled." Consolidated P'und. See "Receipts and Issues op THE Exchequer." CoNTiiABREviA RoLLs. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." CoNrKAUiANTs' Lands. See "Escheats, Attainders, axd Forfeitures." Controlment Rolls. See "Jddicial Proceedings (Queen's Bench, Crown Side)." Conventual Leases. See " Leases (Conventual)." Cohau Rege Rolls. See " Judicial Proceedings (Queen's Bench, Crown Side)." Cornwall, Duchy of. Coronation Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Coronations. Coroners' Inquests. C ouNTr Placita. See "Judicial Proceedings (Chancery, Common Law Side)." Court or Manor Rolls. CouiiTs OF Justice, Reports on. Crown Debtors, Registers of. See "Judicial Pro- ceedings (Common Pleas)." Crown Lands and Rents. Crown Leases. See "Leases (Croavn)." Crown Rolls. See "Judicial Proceedings (Queen's Bench, Crown Side)." Curia Regis. (Introd., p. vii.) Do. Rolls of the. See "Judicial Proceed- ings (Queen's Bench, Crown Side)." 345 Customs. See "Taxation." Gustos Sigillt, Accounts of the. Debentures. See " Receipts and Issues of the Ex- chequer." Decrees and Orders. See "Judicial Proceedings." Deeds (Ancient). Deeds Enrolled. Deeds Poll. See "Deeds Enrolled." Deeds, &o., Registries of. Degrees granted by the Archbishop of Canterbury. Delegates, High Court of. (Introd., p. xxv.) Do. Records of the. See " Ju- dicial Proceedings (Various)." Delinquents' . Estates. See " Royalists and De- linquents." Denization. See " Aliens." Depaistmental Records. Depopulation. Depositions. See "Judicial Proceedings." Derelict Lands. Disentailing Assurances. See "Deeds Enrolled." Dispensation Rolls. See " CHANOERr Enrolments (Various)." Doggett Books. See "Judicial Proceedings." Domesday Books. Domus CoNrERsoRUM. See "Jews." Durham, Records of the Palatinate of. {Introd,, p. xxx.) East India Company. Ecclesiastical Districts. See "Deeds Enrolled." Ecclesiastical Matters. Ejectment, Proceedings in. See "Judicial Proceed- ings." Emigrants. Equitium Regis. See "Wardrobe and Household." Error, Proceedings in. See " Judicial Proceedings." EsciiEATORs' Accounts and Inquisitions. See " Escheats, Attainders, and Forfeitures." Escheators, Appointments of. See "Offices and Appointments." Escheats, Attainders, and Forfeitures. Essoin Rolls. See "Judicial Proceedings." 346 Estreats. See "Revenue Rolls." ExANNUAL EoLLS. See "Eevenue Eolls." Exchange Eolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Exchequer, Court of. {Introd., p. xix.) Exchequer Bills. See "Keceipts and Issues of the Exchequer." Exchequer Proceedings. See " Memoranda Eolls of THE Exchequer." Extents of Manors, &c. See "Manors, Extents of, &c.," and " Surveys and Eentals." Extract Eolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)" AND "Judicial Proceedings." Fee-Farm Eents. See " Crown Lands, &c." Fees of Courts, &c. Feudal Tenures. Fine Eolls. See "Chancery Enrolments." Fines and Amerciaments. See "Eevenue Eolls." Fines and Recoveries. First Fruits and Tenths. See "Ecclesiastical Matters." Fleet Prison. See " Prisons." Foreign Accounts. See "Revenue Rolls." Foreign Merchants. See "Aliens." Foreign Office Records. See " Departmental Eecords." Forests, Parks and Chases, Forfeited Estates Papers. See " Escheats, Attainders AND Forfeitures." Fortifications. France, English Possessions in. French Eolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Funerals and Coronations, Expenses of. See "Wardrobe and Household." Gaol Delivery Rolls. See "Judicial Proceedings." Garter, Statutes of the Order op the. See "Knighthood, Orders of." Gascon Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Genealogy. Gentlemen-Pensioners. Golden Grove Book. See " Wales." Grammar Schools. 347 Grants. See " Chaeters and Grants." Grants, Particulars for. See " Charters and Grants." Grants, Transcripts of. See " Charters and Grants." Greenwich Hospital. See "Hospitals." Guilds and Fraternities. Gunpowder Plot. See " Eebellions." Halmote Books. See "Court or Manor Kolls." Hampton Court Accounts. See " Wardrobe and Household." Hanaper Accounts. Hearth Tax. See "Taxation." Henry the Seventh's Chapel. Indentures of Founda- tion of. . See " Monastic Foundations, &c." High Commission, Court of. {Introd., p. xxvi.) Do. Records of the. See "Judicial Proceedings (Various)." Homage Rolls. See "Scotland." Home Office Records. See " Departmental Records." Hospitals. Household Accounts. See " Wardrobe and House- hold." Hundred Rolls. Immediate Warrants. See " Privy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." Inclosuee Awards. See " Deeds Enrolled." Indictments. See "Judicial Proceedings." Informations. See "Judicial Proceedings." Inquisitions "post mortem," and "ad quod damnum." Institutions to Benefices. See "Ecclesiastical Matters." Ireland. Irish Rolls. See "Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Issues of the Exchequer. See "Receipts and Issues OP THE Exchequer." Jewels. Jews. Judgment Rolls. See "Judicial Proceedings." Judicial Proceedings : Court of Chancery (Equity Side). Do. (Common Law Side). 348 Judicial Proceedings : Court of Queen's Bench (Crown Side). Do. (Plea Side). Judicial Proceedings, Court of Common Pleas. Judicial Proceedings, Court of Exchequer (Queen's Remembrancer's or Equity Side). Do. (Exchequer of Pleas, or Common Laav Side). Do. (Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer's Side). Do. (Courts of Augmentation and of the General Surveyors of the King's Lands). Do. (Court of First Fruits and Tenths). Judicial Proceedings, Courts of Wales and Chester (Equity Side). Do. (Common LA^v Side). Judicial Proceedings, Duchy of Lancaster. Judicial Proceedings, Palatinate of Durham (Crown Side). Do. (Equity Side). Do. (Common Law Side). Judicial Proceedings, Palatinate of Lancaster (Crown Side). Do. (Equity Side). Do. (Common Law Side). Judicial Proceedings (Various), viz. : — High Court op Admiralty. Court of Chivalry. Ecclesiastical Courts (Court of Arches, High Court of Delegates, &c.). Marshalsea and Palace Courts. Pevbril Court. Court of Requests. Court of Star Chamber. Court of Wards and Liveries. Justices of the Peace. See " Offices and Appoint- ments." Kalendare de Bullis Papalibus, &c. See "Registers and Books of IIemembrance." King's Bench, Court op. (Introd., p. xv.) King's Silver. See "Fines and Recoveries." Kirkby's Quest. See " Feudal Tenures." 349 KnightiiooDj Fikes and Compositions foe. See "Feudal Tenures." Knighthood, Orders of. Knight's Fees. See "Feudal Tenures." Knights Templars. See " Monastic Foundations, &c." Lancaster, Records of the Ducht of. (Introd.,p, xxix) Do. Records of the Palatinate of. {Ib.,p. xxxii.) Land and Assessfj) Taxes. See " Taxation." Leases (Crown). Do. (Conventual). Do. (Ducht of Lancaster). Le Neve's Indexes. Letters Missive. See " Privy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." Liberate Rolls. See " Chancert Enrolments (Various)." Liber Memoeandorum Cameraeii. See " Registers and Books of Remembrance." Licenses to Preach. See " Papists, Recusants, and Nonconformists." Livery of Lands. Loans and Benevolences. London, CiTsr of. Lord Chamberlain's Records. See " Departmental Records." Lords Lieutenant. See "Offices and Appointments." Manchester Papers. {Introd., p. xxxviii.) Manors, Extents of, &c. Manumissions. Maps and Plans. See " Surveys and Rentals." Do. annexed to "Inclosure Awards." See " Deeds Enrolled." Marches of Scotland. See "Scotland." Marches of Wales. See "Wales." Markets and Fairs. Marque, Letters of. See "Judicial Proceedings, Various (High Court of Admiralty)." Marshalsea and Palace Courts. (Introd., p. xxvi.) Do. Records of the. See "Judicial Proceedings (Various)." Marshalsea of the Household. See "Judicial Pro- ceedings (Various)." Maeshalsey Rolls. See " Army, Navy, &c." 350 Master of the Hoese. See " Waedeobb and House- hold." Masters Exteaoedinaey in Chanoeet. See " Offices AND Appointments." Membees op Parliament, Eetuens of. See "Paelia- MENTAET PeOCEEDINGS." Memoeanda Eolls of the Exchequee. Memoexals of Annuities. See "Annuities." Memoeials of Teustees and Dieectoes of Assurance Companies. See "Deeds Eneolled." MiLiTAET SbevicEj Indentuees OF. See " Army, 'Navy, &c." MiLiTAET Summons, Weits of. See " Aemt, Navy, &c." Mines. Ministers' and Eeceivees' Accounts. Minors, Possessions of. See "Wards and Minors." Mint. Minute Books. See "Judicial Proceedings." MisiE Eolls. See "Chancbet Enrolments (Various)." Monastic Foundations, &c. Murders and Felonies. Muster Eolls and Books. See "Army, Navy, &c." Naturalization. See "Aliens." Navy. See "Army, Navy, &c." Nomina Villaeum. Nonconformists. See " Papists, |_Eecusants, and Non- conformists." NoN^ Eolls. See "Ecclesiastical Matters." Norman Eolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Oaths of Allegiance, &c. Oblata Eolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Fine Eolls)." Ordnance. See " Aemy, Navy, &c." Oeiginalia Eolls. See "Eevenue Eolls." Outlawries. See "Judicial Peoceedings." Palace Couet. See "Judicial Peoceedings (Various)." Palmee's Indexes. Papal Bulls. Papists, Eecusants, and Nonconfoemists. Pardon Eolls. See " Chanceey Eneolments (Various)." Parish Boundaeies. See "Deeds Enrolled." 351 Paeliament Rolls. See " Paeliamentaey Peoceedings." Paeliambntaey Peoceedings. Paeliamentaey Sueveys. See " Stjeveys and Eentals." Paetition of Lands. Passage Rolls. See " Chanceey Eneolments (Vaeious)." Patent Rolls. See "Chanceey Eneolments." Patents and Peivy Seals foe payments feom the ExcHEQUEE. See "Receipts and Issues op the EXCHEQUEE." Paymastee - Geneeal's Ceetificates. See " Judicial Peoceedings (Chanceey, Equity Side)." Payments feom the Exchequee. See "Receipts and Issues op the Exchequee." Peees, Weits op Summons of. See " Paeliamentaey Peoceedings." Pensions. See "Receipts and Issues of the Ex- chequee." Pensions (Monastic). See " Monastic Foundations, &o." Petitions. Peveeil Couet. (Introd. p. xxvii.) Do. Recoeds of the. See "Judicial Peo- ceedings (Vaeious)." Pilgeimage of Geace. See "Rebellions." Pipe Rolls. See "Revenue Rolls." PlEACY. Placita Paeliamentaeia. See " Paeliamentaey Peo- ceedings." Plea Rolls. See "Judicial Peoceedings." Popish Recusants. See " Papists, Recusants, and Nonconfoemists." Post Office. Postbas. See "Judicial Peoceedings." PEiESTiTA Roll (Chanceey). See " Chanceey Eneol- ments (Vaeious)." PEiESTiTA Rolls (Exchequee). See "Receipts and Issues op the Exchequee." Peeoedent Books. See "Judicial Peoceedings." Peesentations to Benefices. See "Ecclesiastical Mattees." Peisons (Queen's Bench and Fleet). Private Acts op Paeliament. See "Paeliamentaey Proceedings." 352 Peivt Council. Peivy Puese, Accounts of the. See " Waedeobe and Household." Peivy Seals, Signed Bills, &c. Peoclamations. See "Peivy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." Peoofs of Age. See " Inquisitions post Moetem, &c." Peotection Eolls. See " Chanceey Eneoljients (Vaeious)." PUECHASE AND EXCHANGE, DeeDS OF. See " CeOWN Lands, &c." Queen Anne's Bounty. See "Ecclesiastical Mattees." Quo Waeeanto Rolls. See " Judicial Peoceedings (Queen's Bench, Ceown Side)." Eailway Schemes. See "Judicial Peoceedings (Chan- ceey)." Rebellions. Receipts and Issues op the Exchequee. Recognizances. See "Bonds and Recognizances." Recusant Rolls. See " Papists, Recusants, and Nont CONFOEMISTS." Red Book of the Exchequee. See "Registees and Books of Remembeance." Redisseisin Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Vaeious)." Registees and Books of Remembeance. Registeum Munimentoeum. See " Registees and Books of Remembeance." Remembeance Rolls. See "Judicial Peoceedings." Rentals. See " Sueveys and Rentals." Renunciations of Supeemaci'. See "Ecclesiastical Mattees." Repoets and Ceetificates. See "Judicial Peoceed- ings." Requests, Oouet of. {Litrod, p. xxvii.) Do. Recoeds of the. See "Judicial Proceedings (Vaeious)." Resumed Lands. See " Ceown Lands, &c." Retinue Rolls. See " Aemt, Navy, &c." Revels, Expenses of. See "Wardrobe and House- hold." Revenue Accounts. See "Receipts and Issues of the Exchequer." :i53 Revenue Proceedings. See "Judicial Proceedings ( Exchequer, Queen's Eemembrancer)." Revenue Rolls. Reversions, Rolls of. See "Revenue Rolls." Roman Rolls. See "Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Royal and Historical Letters. Royal Palaces. See "Works and Buildings." Royal Warrants. See " Privy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." Royalists and Delinquents. Rule Books. See "Judicial Proceedings." Sacrament Certificates. See " Oaths of Allegiance." St. Michael, Statutes of the Order of. See "Knighthqod, Orders of." Schools. See " Grammar Schools." Do., Trust Deeds for. See " Deeds Enrolled." Scotch Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Scotland. Scutage. See "Taxation." Scutaoe Rolls. See "Army, Navy, &c." Seals. Serjeanties, Rolls of. See "Feudal Tenures." Seweks, Commissions and Laws of. Shaftesbury Papers. {Introd,, p. xxxvni.) Sheriffs' Accounts. Sheriffs, Appointments of. See "Offices and Appointments." Ship Money. See "Taxation." Sign Manuals. See " Privy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." Signed Bills. See "Privy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." Signet Bills. See "Privy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." SiGNiFiCAVTTS. See " Ecclesiastical Matters." Solicitors. See " Attorneys and Solicitors." Specifications of Patent Inventions. Stannary Rolls. See "Cornwall, Duchy op." Staple. See " Statute Staple." Staple Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." "Stapleton's Calendar." See "Registers and Books OF Remembrance." Star Chamber, Court of. (Introd., p. xxviU.) Do. Records of the. See " Judi- cial Proceedings (Various)." U 55«72. Z 354 State Papek Office, Recoeds of the. (Introd., p. xxxv.) State Papbes, Oalendaes of. State Peisoneks. State Teials. See "Judicial Peoceedings (Queen's Bench, Grown Side)." Statute Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Statute Staple. Statutes, Transcripts of. See " Parliamentary Pro- ceedings." Subsidies. See "Taxation." Subsidies (Clerical). See "Ecclesiastical Ma'J'tees." Subsidy Rolls. See "Taxation." Summons of the Pipe. See "Revenue Rolls." Summons to Parliament, Writs of. See " Parlia- mentary Proceedings." Supeestitious Uses, Lands given foe. See "Escheats, Attainders, and Forfeitures." Suppression Papers. See " Monastic Foundations, &c." Surrender Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Surrenders of Letters Patent. See "Surrender Rolls." Sureendees of Monasteeies. See "Monastic Founda- tions, &c." SUEEENDEES OF OFFICES. See "OFFICES AND APPOINT- MENTS." sueveys and rentals. Taxation. Taxation of Pope Nicholas. See "Ecclesiastical Matters." Testa de Nevill. See "Feudal Tenures." Tower of London, Treason. See " Rebellions." Treasury Records. See "Departmental Records." Treaties and Diplomatic Documents. Treatises on various Subjects. Trust Deeds. See "Deeds Enrolled." Ulnage. See "Taxation." Universities. Valor Ecclesiasticus. See " Ecclesiastical Matters." Vasoon Rolls. See "Chancery Enrolments (Various)." 355 Vetus Codex. See " Parliamentary Proceedings." "ViAGii R0TULU8. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Visitations or Religious Houses. See " Monastic Foun- dations, &o." AND " Ecclesiastical Matters." Wales, Records of the Principality of. {Introd,, p. xxxm.) Wales, Documents relating to. War Office Records. See " Departmental Records." Wardrobe and Household. Wards and Liveries, Court of. {Introd., p. xxix.) Do. Proceedings of the. See "Judicial Proceedings (Various)." Wards and Minors, Possessions of. Warrants. See " Privy Seals, Signed Bills, &c." Warrants of Attorney. See " Judicial Proceedings." Warrants for payments from the Exchequer. See "Receipts and Issues of the Exchequer." " Watson's Roll." See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)," Welsh Rolls. See " Chancery Enrolments (Various)." Westminster Palace. See "Works and Buildings." Wey Navigation Claims. See "Judicial Proceedings (Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer)." Wills (Royal and Private). Windsor Castle and Chap:^l. See " Works and Buildings." Windsor, Poor Knights of. See " Knighthood, Orders OF." Wools, Customs on. See "Taxation." Works and Buildings. Writs. See " Judicial Proceedings." Writs, Precedents for. See " Judicial Proceedings."