RiAr:R4Pi-UC4^ niRFCTORY OF AMKKI'CAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENTISTS, Beta |9orfe IF 'lem'tp ■ Idi. :, X4. JLihvatp Uwa'V Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924000866917 A BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY OF AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENTISTS, EDITED BY , CHARLES S. PLUMB, EDITOR AGRICULTURAL SCI'ENCE ; Pi'o/essoi' of Agriculture in the University of Tennessee and State Agricultural and Mechanical College ; and Assistant Director of the Tennessee Agrictiltufal Experiment Station. KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, 1889. Press of W. F. Humphrey, Geneva, N. Y. PREFACE. The publication of this book is the result of the estab- lishment of the agricultural experiment stations of the United States. At the present time there are in the vicinity of 300 persons on the working staffs of the state agricultural experiment stations. Who these persons are, and what they have done, is a subject of more than idle interest to many. The object of this volume is to supply this information, riot as gossip, but in so far as it appertains to scientific work. Hence the biographical matter is confined to that which bears upon science, and nothing is presented, excepting the barest facts of biog- raphy. This work is official to Jaii. i, iSSQj in that, with few exceptions, all the infotmation herein presented is supplied by the persons whose names are given. Those excep- tions are practically official,. as sent us in printed form by these persons. The list is not as complete as it should be, but is as perfect as circumstances would allow. Some station workers would not favor us with the required in- formation, which accounts for the lack of their names in the pages. Others gave incomplete data, either as to life history or to bibliography. Should it be deemed advisable to issue subsequent editions, it may be safely presumed that they will, in a large measure, supply the lacking data of this, the first. Especially should we hope this to be true in relation to bibliogra:phy. Charles S. Plumb. Knoxville, Term., March; i88g. BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENTISTS. Adriance, D. Bom Feb. i6, 1867, at Columbia, Brazoria county, Texas. Graduated at the Texas agricultural and me- chanical college in 1886, with no degree. Assistant in agriculture at same college, 1886-87 ; now assistant in chemistry, at same, and in Texas agricultural experiment station. Address : College Station, Tex. AiNSWORTH, J. H. Born Aug. 6, 1852, near Canton, Miss. Studied at university of Miss., 1871-72. Since 1887 foreman of Texas agricultural and mechanical college farm. Ad- dress : College Station, Tex. Alvord, Henry E. Graduated at Norwich university, Vermont, securing degrees of B. S. and C. E. Served in United States vol- unteers, and U. S. army (cavalry) from 1862-71, inclusive. On duty at Mass. agric. college, 1869-71. Engaged in farming and teaching from 187 1-8 1 in Virginia and Massachusetts. Manager Houghton farm, N. Y., 1881- 86. Prof, of agriculture. Mass, agr. college, 1886-88. President Maryland agricultural college, and director Maryland agricultural experiment station from April i, 1888. Member various agricultural and dairy associa- tions, the society for the promotion of agricultural science and the American association for the advancement of sci- ence, Is medalist of Royal agricultural society of Eng- land, and British dairy farmers' association, for services rendered. Address : Agricultural College, Md. PUBi:,ICATIO.NS. From 1872 to date has written for various American and Eng- lish agricultural journals. Author of American chapters of Shel- don's " Dairy farming." Cassell & Co., publishers. Alwood, William B. Born August 11, 1859, near Delta, Fulton coun- ty, Ohio. Attended Delta high .school, Wooster university, Ohio state university, and Corcoran scientific school of Columbian university. For three years teacher in the common schools of Fulton coun- ■ ty, Ohio. Superintendent field experiments, Ohio agricultural expefiment station. May, 1882 to August, 1886. Observer Ohio meteorological bureau, June, 1882, to August, 1886. Assistant commissioner for Ohio to World's industrial and cotton centennial exposition, New Orleans, 1884-85. Special agent, division entomology, U. S. department of agriculture, June 1886-88. Assist- ant entomologist in same, 1888. Vice director Virginia agricultural experiment station. Address: Blacksburjh, Va. Publications. Ohio agricultural experiment station report, 1 383. On corn, pp. 53-89 ; potatoes, pp. 89-99 ! cattle feeding, pp. 99-132- , Ibid, for 18S4. On wheat, pp. 12-61 ; oats, p. 63 ; corn, pp. 64-83 ; potatoes, pp. 84-100. Ibid, for 1885. On wheat, pp. 10-19 ; corn, pp. 19-49 ; oats, pp. 50-56 ; potatoes, pp. 57-79 ; pig-feeding, pp. 80-87 ; cattle feeding, pp. 88-97. Tests with insecticides on garden insects. Bull, /j, div. ento- mology, U. S. depH of agriculture, 1886. Report on Ohio insects. Ibid., pp. 48-53. Notes on insects and insecticides. Fifth rep't Ohio agr. exp. station, 1886, pp. 193-229. On a system of classification of the agricultural varieties of wheat. Essay before Potomac grange, Washington, D. C, April 9, 1888. On the artificial pollination of wheat. Paper before biological society of Washington, June 2, 1888. And-erson, James T. Born in 1851. In 1872 graduated from Washington and L,ee university. Pursued post graduate course in science (chemistry the chief studjO at Vanderbilt university from 1876-79, receiving Ph.D. Tutor in English and mathe- matics at Vanderbilt while studying there. From 1879- 86 professor of natural sciences in Central college, Mis- souri. In 1886 went to Germany, and studied and worked under Prof. Dr. A. W. Hofmann at the univer- sity of Berlin. In 1888 elected first assistant chemist to the Alabama agricultural experiment station. Address : Auburn, Ala. Annis, Frank J. Graduate Mich. agr. college in 1875 with degree B.S. , and later M. S. from same college. Professor mathematics and chemistry in Colorado agricultural college, 1879-81. Secretary Colorado state board of agriculture since 1881, and also secretary and treasurer Colorado agricultural ex- periment station. Address : Fort Collins, Col. Armsby, H. p. Born Sept. 21, 1853, at Northbridge, Mass. Educated in public schools of Northbridge and Millbury, Mass. Graduated from Worcester polytechnic institute in 1871 with degree of B. S. Assistant in chemistry at same in- stitution, 1871-72. Post graduate studies in Sheffield scientific school of Yale college, 1872-74, receiving de- gree of Ph. B. Teacher of natural sciences Fitchburg (Mass.) high school, 1874-75. Studied at university of Leipzig, Germany, 1875-76. receiving degree of Ph. D. Assistant in chemistry Rutgers college, 1876-77. Chem- ist, Connecticut agricultural experiment station, 1877-81. Professor agricultural chemistry Storrs' agricultural school, Mansfield, Conn., 1881-83, and acting principal part of time. Professor agricultural chemistry university Wis- consin, and associate director experiment station of Wis- consin university, 1883-87. Now director Pennsylvania state college agricultural experiment station. Address : State College, Penn. Publications. Experiments on the decay of nitrogenous organic substances. Amer. jour. sci. 1874, p. 337; Proc. Am. ass'nadv. science, 1874, p. 80. ■ Einwirkung der Schwefelsaure auf Pnosphorsaurem Kalk.yown prac. chem. Absorption of bases by the soil. Amer. jour, sci., xiv, p. 25 ; Landw. Vers. Station., xxi, p. 387. Relation of the soil to water. Rep. Conn. exp. station, 1877, p. 81. Experiments on the relations of the soil to water-capillary trans- niisbion and evaporation. Rep. Conn. exp. station, 1878, p. 83. Determination of albuminoids in feeding stuffs. Rep. Conn. exp. station, 1879, P- io4 ! Amer. chem. jour., II, i Reports on recent progress in agricultural science, Amer. chem. jour., II, 4. Manual of cattle feeding, New York, 1880. Observations on the feeding of milch cows as practiced in Con- necticut. Rep. Conn. exp. sta., 1881, p. 90. Farmer's annual hand-book (with Dr. E. H. Jenkins), 1882-3 Digestion experiments. Rep. Wis. exp. station, 1884, p. 67 ; Amer. jour, science, xxix, p. 355. Value of cotton -seed meal and malt sprouts as feed for milch cows. Rep. Wis. exp. station, 1884, p. 78. Comparative value of old and new process bran. Ibid., 1885, p. 85. Value of new process oil-meal as compared with corn-meal for milk production. Ibid., 1885, p. 97. The Cooley system of creaming milk. Ibid., p. 118 ; Forsch. auf dein Gebiete der Vieh-Haltung , Heft 17, p. i ; Proc. soc. pro. agr. science, 1884, p. 49. Relation of fat of milk to butter yield. Rep. Wis. exp. sta. , 1885, p. 122. Feeding value of roller bran. Ibid., 1886, p. 113. Influence of the nutritive ratio on milk production. Ibid., p. 147. Analyses of milk of different breeds of cows. Ibid., p, 159. Tests of dairy cows at Wisconsin state fair. Bulletin 10, Wiscon- sin experiment station. An apparatus for the estimation of nitrogen by Kjeldahl's method. Amer. chem. jour. .^ yiii, i, with F. G. Short, Digestibility of maize stover. Agricultural science, II, p. 149, ■with Wm. Frear. Has contributed numerous articles and reports, also, in popular agricultural and scientific periodicals. Arthur, Joseph Chari^es, Bom Jan. 11, 1850, at I^owville, N. Y. Karly educa- tion in public schools. Graduated at Iowa agricultural college in 1872 with the degree of B. S., in 1877 receiv- ing M. S. from same oollege, where was assistant in bi- ology during 1877-78. Studied at Johns Hopkins uni- versity in 1879, and at the Harvard university summer school in 1879-80. Instructor in botany at university of Wisconsin, 1879-81. L,ecturer on botany in summer school of the university of Minnesota, 1882. Botanist to the New York agricultural experiment station, 1884-87. Received degree of D. Sc, from Cornell university in 1886 for post-graduate work. Professor of botany, Pur- due university, 1887, and at present of vegetable physi- ology and pathology. Botanist to the Purdue university agricultural experiment station, and since 1885, to the geological and natural history survey of Minnesota. Since 1883 co-editor of Botanical gazette. Address : I,a- fayette, Ind. Publications. Flora, of Iowa. 1876. Iowa Uromyces. 1883. Four reports to the New York agricultural experiment station, chiefly relating to plant diseases. 1884-87. History and biology of pear blight. 1886. Hand-book of plant dissection. 1886. Aided by C. R. Barnes and J. M. Coulter. Many papers in journals, proceedings of societies and other forms of publication. Atkinson, GeorgA F; A native of Michigan. Graduated from Cornell univer- sity in 1885, with degree of Ph. B. While at Cornell held a fellowship in botany, and was instructor in that branch. Was associate professor of natural history at the univer- 10 sity of North Carolina till 1888. Now holds the chair of botany and zoology at the university' of South Carolina, and is entomologist to the South Carolina agricultural ex- periment station. Address: Columbia, S. C. Atwater, Wtbur Olin. Born May 3, 1844, in Johnsburg, New York. Grad- uated from Wesleyan university, Middletown, Conn., in 1865. Studied chemistry at New Haven, receiving Ph. D. from Yale college in 1869, and made a special study of physiological and agricultural chemistry for two years at the universities of Leipzig and Berlin, also visiting Euro- pean experiment stations. During 1871-72 held chair of chemistry in the university of Tennessee (then East Ten- nessee uuiv.), in 1873 was called to a similar place in Maine state college, and the same year returned to Wes- leyan university to become professor of chemistry. From 1875-77 director of Connecticut agricultural experiment station, the first director of the first agricultural experi- ment station in the United States, During 1882-83 over a year was spent in Europe, mostly in Munich and Heidel- berg, working in physiological chemistry. For a number of j'ears has been a member of the board of control of the Connecticut agricultural experiment station. Since April I, 1888, director of Storrs' school agricultural experiment station at Mansfield, Conn. In latter part 1888 appointed director of the office of experiment stations of the United States department of agriculture. Address: Washington, D. C. Publications. Has published numerous papers in journals of Germany, France and the United States. With G. B. Goode is the author of "The American Menhaden." A number of the more important ones in agricultural and physiological chemistry have been published in the American chemical journal. About 70 articles on "science as applied to farming" ran through the American agriculturist from 1874-81, and a series not vet completed in the Century mag- azine on "the chemistry of food." Among the agricultural papers n have been the reports of the Connecticut agricultural experiment station for 1876-78, and numerous papers in reports of the Connec- ticut board of agriculture. Babcock, S. Moulton. Born Oct. 22, 1843, ^t Bridgewater, N. Y. Graduated at Clinton liberal institution, 1862, and from Tufts' college, Mass., 1866, with degree of B. A. From 1872-75 student in chemistry at Cornell university, and from 1876-79, at Gottingen, Germany, receiving Ph. D. from latter, in chemistry. Instructor in' chemistry at Cornell university, 1875-77, and 1881-82. Chemist to New York agricultural experiment station, Geneva, 1882-87. Professor of agri- cultural chemistry in university of Wisconsin, and chemist to the Wisconsin agricultural experiment station, since 1888. Address : Madison, Wis. Bailey, Jr. , L,. H. Born in 1858 at South Haven, Van Buren county, Mich- igan. Graduated from Michigan agricultural college in 1882, with degree of B. S., later receiving M. S. From 1882-84, assistant to Dr. Asa Gray at Harvard university. Professor of horticulture and landscape gardening at Michigan agricultural college, January, 1885 to August, 1888. Since then professor of horticulture at Cornell uni- versity, and horticulturist to the agricultural experiment station of the same. Address : Ithaca, New York. PUBI,ICATI0NS. Talks afiel^. Hought6n, Mifflin & Co., 1884. Field notes an apple culture. Orange Judd Co., 1886. Published a technical contribution on the genus Carex, of over 100 pages, in the proceedings of the American academy of arts and sciences. j Baldwin, John P.. Graduated at Ber€a college, OhiO: In charge of the Louisiana sugar experiment station ' sugar house. Ad- dress : Kenner, La. 12 Balentine, Walter. Native of Maine. Graduated from the Maine state col- lege in 1874, with degree of B. S., and later given M. S. A post-graduate student two years at Wesleyan universi- ty, and assistant to Prof. W. O. Atwaterinthe Conn, agri- cultural experiment station. Studied one year at the uni- versity of Greifswold, Germany, and was assistant for one year in the experiment station at Halle, Germany. Was assistant chemist in the department of agriculture at Wash- ington, under Prof. Peter Collier. From i88itodate, pro- fessor of agriculture at the Maine state college. Is also en- gaged in experimental work in connection with the Maine experiment station. Address : Orono, Me. Barrow, D. N. Graduate of the Louisiana state university. Assistant in the Louisiana state agricultural experiment station. Has degree of B. S, ' Address : Baton Rouge, La. Bartlett, J. M. Born Sept. 25, 1857, at Litchfield, Maine. Educated in public schools and Litchfield academy, Maine. Graduated at Maine state college in 1880, in chemical course, with degree of B. S. Post-graduate student at Cornell univer- sity in 1883 under Dr. G. C. Caldwell. Assistant chemist engaged in special analytical work at Penn. state college, 1883-85. Assistant chemist Maine agricultural experi- ment station, 1885-87. Now chemist to Maine state col- lege agr. exp. station. Address : Orono, Me. Battle, Herbert B. Graduated at university of North Carolina in 188^, with degree of B. S. From 1881-87 assistant chemist to North Carolina agricultural experiment station. Professor of chemistry to Leonard medical school, Raleigh, N. C, 1886 to date. Ph. D. from univ. of North Carolina, 1887. In 1887 elected director of North Carolina agricultural ex- 13 periment station, and also state chemist. Address: Ra- leigh, North Carolina, Publications. Chemical conversion tables. 1885, with F. B. Dancy. Author of numerous papers on chemical subjects in the journal of Elisha Mitchell scientific society, and other periodicals. Beal, W. H. Born Dec. 9, 1867, at Old Church, Virginia. Educated in home schools. Graduated from Virginia agricultural and mechanical college, 1886, with degree of B. A. and M. E. Since Jan. i, 1887, assistant chemist to Mass. ag- ricultural experiment station. Address : Amherst, Mass. Beal, William J. Born March 11, 1833, ^^ Lenawee county, Michigan. Graduated from the university of Michigan, classical course, in 1859, with degree of A. B., and later received M. A. from same. In 1865 studied at Harvard in scienti- fic course, studying mostly with Agassiz and Gray, re- ceiving B. S. From 1859-62 teacher in Friends' academy, and in Howland institute. Union Springs, New York. Prof of botany and zoology in Chicago university, 1868- 70, and lecturer in several other colleges and academies. From 1870-72 professor of botany in Michigan agricultur- al college, and professor of botany and horticulture in same from 1872-82. Since 1882' professor of botany and forestry in same. Given degree of M. S. by Chicago university in 1870, and Ph. D. by university of Michigan in 1880. President Michigan teachers' association in 1882. Secretary American pomological society for four years. First president (for two years) of Society for the promotion of agricultural science. In 1883 president of biological section American association for the advance- ment of science. Director state forestry commission 1887-88. BotanLst to the Michigan agricultural experi- ment station. Address : Agricultural college, Mich. H Publications. The new botany. The grasses of North America. Vol. I, 1887. Beckwith, Milton H. Born in 1852 at Elmira, New York. Educated in schools of that city. Assistant horticulturist to New York .state agricultural experiment station at Geneva, 1885-88. At present professor of horticulture and entomology in Delaware college, and horticulturist and entomologist to the Delaware agricultural experiment station. Address : Newark, Delaware. Bessey, Charles E. Born in 1845 ^^ Wayne county, Ohio. Was educated in Seville academy, Canaan academy and Michigan agri- cultural college ; studied also at Harvard university. Degree of B. S. and M. Sc, from Mich, agric. college, and Ph. D. from university of Iowa. Acted as instructor in botany and horticulture, then professor of same, and finally professor of botany alone, at Iowa agricultural college, covering years 1870-84. Was vice-president Iowa agricultural college. I^ecturer in university of Col- orado. Since 1884 professor of botany and horticulture, university of Nebraska, and director agricultural experi- ment station of same institution. Botanical editor Am- erican naturalist sinQ^ 1881. Address: Lincoln, Neb. Publications. Contributed to various agricultural papers, and before several agricultural and scientific societies. Also, geography of Iowa ; botany for high schools and colleges ; essentials of botany ; Am- erican edition of McNab's botany ; grasses and forage plants of Nebraska, vols. I and II ; etc., etc. Billings, Frank S. Born in 1843 at Boston, Mass. Educated in Massa- chusetts schools, and in the veterinary institute and medical school of the universit}^ of Berlin, Germany. 15 Has the degree of D. V. S. Acted as pathologist to New York polyclinic school of medicine. Now director patho- biological laboratory university of Nebraska, and veter- inanian agricultural experiment station same institution. Is also a professor of microscopy and pathology for Chi- cago veterinary school. Address : lyincoln, Nebraska. Publications. Relations of animal diseases to public health. Bulletin 3, vol. II, university of Nebraska experiment station. Numerous articles in the Journal of comparative medicine, and elsewhere. Billow, Russell. Graduate of Sewanee university, Tenn., and assistant in the I,ouisiana sugar experiment station. Address : Kenner, L,a. Bird, Maurice. Graduated at the university of Virginia, Assistant and chemist to the sugar experiment .station, Kenner, lyouisiana. Address : Kenper, La. Bishop, William H. Native of Rhode Island ; born at Arlington Mills, June II, 1859. Studied at Friends' N. E. boarding school. Providence, R. I., 1874-75, and North Attleboro high school, Mass., 1876-77. Graduated Mass. agr. col- lege 1882, with degree B. S. Supt. experimental depart- ment Hiram Sibley's seed farm, Rochester, N. Y., 1882- 84. Supt. agricultural department, Tougaloo university. Miss., 1884-88. Since April i, 1888, horticulturist to Maryland agricultural experiment station, and lecturer in Maryland agricultural college. Address : Agricultural College, Md. ' ' Blount, Ainsworth E. Graduated from Dartmouth college, Hanover, N. H., 1859 with degree of A. B. Taught for 17 years in acad- i6 emies in Tennessee and Illinois. Since 1 879 professor of agriculture, Colorado agricultural college. In 1888 ap- pointed agriculturist to Colorado agricultural experi- ment station. Address : Fort Collins, Col. Bolton, 1^. M. Born in Virginia in 1859. Pursued a complete aca- deriiic course at the university of Virginia, and later graduated there with degree of M. D. Practiced medi- cine three years in Virginia and Mississippi. In 1882 ap- pointed tutor in English and mathematics at South Caro- lina college, in the meantime pursuing post-graduate work in the chemical laboratory. In June, 1883, went to Europe and studied chemistry under Bunsen at Heidel- berg, and physiology, hygiene, histology and bacteri- ology at Gottingen, Wurtzburg and Berlin under Fliigge, Krause and Koch. In October, 1886, appointed assistant in bacteriology and pathology at Johns Hopkins univer- sity. In 1888 elected to the chair of physiology and hy- giene at the university of South Carolina and bacteriolo- gist to the South Carolina agricultural experiment sta- tion. Address : Columbia, S. C. Bowman, Walker. Born, i860. Native of Virginia. Educated at the uni- versity of Virginia and at university of Berlin, Germany, taking Ph. D. in 1888 at latter place. Address : Blacks- burg, Virginia. Brace, DeWitt B. Born in 1859. Graduated at Boston university in 1881, with degree of A. B. and received A. M. from same insti- tution in 1882. Received Ph. D. from university of Ber- lin, Germany, in 1885. Acted as assistant professor of physics, in University of Michigan. Now meteorologist to university of Nebraska agric. experiment station. Ad- dress : Ivincoln, Neb. 17 Publications. Ueber die Faradaysche Wirkuug u. eiuige FS.Ue der Brechimg. Wied. Annal., 1885. On magnetic double circular refraction. Before British assn. for adv. of science, Aberdeen, 1885. On the splitting of rays iti double refracting media. Before Amer. assn. adv. 0/ science, Buffalo, 1886. On the transparency and viscosity of ether ; and on a method of examining magnetic double circular refraction. Amer. assn. adv, 0/ science, N. Y., 1887. On the transparency of ether. University of Nebraska studies, Brinkley, Ernest H. Graduate of Baltimore & Ohio machine shops, 1879. Farming, and deaUng in agricultural implements and machinery, in Somerset county, Md., from 1880-88. Now machinist to Maryland agricultural experiment sta- tion. Address : Agricultural College, Md. > Brooks, William P. Born Nov. 19, 1 851, at South Scituate, Mass. Educated in the public schools and Hanover academy, Mass. Teacher in tuigraded and grammar schools, 1870-72. Graduated from the Mass. agricultural college in 1875 with degree of B. S., and post graduate in chemistry and bot- any, 1875-76. Professor of agriculture and director of Imperial college of agriculture farm, Sappora, Japan, 1877, and additionally appointed professor of botany and acting president in 1880; relieved of latter po.sition 1883, but re- appointed again in 1886, and again relieved of acting pres- idency, and also farm directorship in 1887. In June, 1888, elected professor of agriculture to the Mass. agricultural college. Address : Amherst, Mass. Publications. Papers in second, third and fourth annual reports; editor of and author of papers in fifth annual and sixth reports, covering years 1881-86, inclusive, all of the Imperial college of agriculture, Sap- pora, Japan. Brose, C. Max. Assistant horticulturist and in charge of apiary at Col- orado agricultural experiment station. Address : Fort Collins, Col. Brown, Le Roy Decatur. Born Nov. 3, 1848, in Noble county, Ohio. Educated in country schools, and the Ohio Wesleyan university. Served two years in the Federal army before 18 years of age. After the war returned to the farm. In 1869 entered college and graduated in the classical course, and later became city superintendent of public schools at Hamilton, Ohio. In 1882 travelled in Europe. Was elected state superintendent of public instruction of Ohio in, 1883, which position he held till 1887 when he was called to Nevada, to become president of the Nevada state university, and director of the state agricultural experiment station at Reno, Marshall county, Nevada. Member of New Or- leans academy of sciences, and a life director of the na- tional educational association. Address : Reno, Nevada. Publications. Written extensively for educational magazines, published five reports of Hamilton, Ohio, public schools, and three reports of pub- lic schools of Ohio. * BrUNER, lyAWRENCE. Born in 1856 in L,ehigh county, Pennsylvania. Ed- ucated at university of Nebraska. Is assistant entomol- ogist to United States department of agriculture; ento- mologist in United States entomological commission, and entomologist to Nebraska agricultural experiment station at university of Nebraska. Address : Lincoln, Neb. Publications. The Orthoptera of Nebraska. Brunk, T. L. Born July 50, 1859, near Ottawa, 111. Graduated from Cornell university in 1886 with degree of B. S.'in agricul- 19 ture. Principal Tonica, 111., high school, 1887. Now pro- fessor of horticulture and botany in Texas agricultural and mechanical college and also horticulturist to Texas agricultural experiment station. Address : College Sta- tion, Texas. BucKHOuT, William A. Born in 1846 at Oswego, N. Y. Educated in public schools in native town. Graduated at Penn. state college, in agricultural course, in 1868. Studied botany under tutor, and was. special student in botany under Dr. J. T. Rothrock. From 1869-71 was farmer at Oswego, N. Y. In 1871 elected instructor in natural history at Penn. state agricultural college. Spent winter in special study of botany under Dr. Asa Gray at Cambridge. In 1872 was elected professor of natural history to Penn. state college, and also as entomologist (honorary) to the state board of agriculture. Elected botanist to Penn. state college agri- cultural experiment station. Address : State College, Penn. PUBWCATIONS. On the gall mites (Phytopti). Amer. assii. adv. of science, vol. Burleigh, Bobert F. Born Feb 17, 1862, at Franklin, New Hampshire. Edu- cated in public schools of native town till 1879. Gradu- ated at New Hampshire college of agriculture and me- chanic arts in 1882 with degree of B. S., and from Ameri- ca veterinary college in 1885 with degree of D. V. S. Af- ter, graduating appointed lecturer on veterinary science to N. H. agricultural college, and the following year in- structor in veterinary medicine and surgery. In 1887 re- ceived degree of M. D. from Dartmouth medical college. In April, 1888, appointed to chair of physiology and veterin- ary science at Kansas agricultural college, and member of the agricultural experiment station council of same insti- tution. Address : Manhattan, Kan. 20 BuRRiLL, Thomas J. Born April 24, 1839, at Pittsfield, Mass. Removed to Stephenson county, Illinois in 1848. Attended common district schools and Rockford, 111. high school. Graduat- ed Illinois state normal university in 1865. Was princi- pal Urbana city schools 1865-1868. Assistant professor natural history Illinois industrial university 1868-70. Professor botany and horticulture, same institution, now known as university of Illinois, 1870 to date. Vice-presi- dent same, 1879 to date. Botanist and horticulturist to experiment station, 1888 to date. Member of various state, national and foreign societies, to which most of his publications have been contributed. Main specialty cryp- togamic botany and diseases of plants. Address ; Cham- paign, 111. BuTz, George C. Born Feb. i, 1863, at New Castle, Penn. Early educa- tion in public schools of that city. Graduated at Penn. state college, in 1883, with degree of B. S. Engaged in horticultural work at home during 1883. Taught in pre- paratory department Penn, state college, 1884. Engaged in horticultural work. New Castle, Penn., and one year in California, 1885-87. In July, 1887, elected horticulturist to Penn. state college experiment station, which position he now holds. Address : State College, Penn. CALDWELt, George C. Born in Framingham, Mass. Primary education in pub- lic schools and academies of Massachusetts, and in New Hampshire while parents resided in that state. Graduat- ed in 1855 from Lawrence scientific school of Harvard university, with degree of B. S. Spent two a.nd one-half years at universities of Gottingen and Heidelberg, Ger- many, receiving Ph. D. from former university. Professor chemistry, physics, and botany in Antioch college, Ohio, 1859-62. In service of United States sanitary commis- sion from 1862-64. Professor chemistry Penn, agricultural college, 1864-68, and part of the time vice-president of the same institution. Professor agricultural chemistry, Cornell university, New York 1868-73. Professor of agricultural and analytical chemistry, same institution, 1873, to date. Fellow American association for the advancement of science ; member of society for promotion of agricultural science. Address : Ithaca, New York. PUBWCATIONS. Agricultural chemical analysis. 1869. Introductory chemical practice. 1872, (with Prof.A.A.Brenerman). Manual of quantitative analysis. 1885 (with Dr. S. M. Babcock). Notes on chemical analysis. 1887. Papers in ist Annual report Cornell university experiment sta- tion. 1880 : Experiments with various fertilizers on Indian corn ; influence of the ration on the composition of the milk ; testing milk with the lactobutyrometer ; analyses of plaster ; determina- tion of sugar in beets ; with Miss J. Chevalier, Carnots' method for the determination of potash. In second report, Cornell university experiment station : Rela- tion of effect of the ration to its composition ; methods of analy- izing milk compared ; new form of fat extractor ; feeding ex- periments with malt sprouts, and with ensilage for cows ; Pember- ton's method for the determination of phosphoric acid in ferti- lizers . In third report Cornell university experiment station : Compari- son of the pro4uctive effect of the same ration with different breeds of cows; gain of steers on a fattening ration . Test of .sampling silage ; effect of a maintenance ration with steers ; cost of plant food in fertilizers as sold in the state of New York ; effect of potash salts as fertilizers for the grape. Experimentation and chemical analysis as handmaids of agri- culture. Trans. N. Y. state agr. soc, 1887, and other addresses before western New York horticultural society, Massachusetts hor- ticultural society, American dairyman's association, and society for the promotion of agricultural science. Marchand du Fecamps' method for the determination of fat in milk (with S. W. Parr). Caldwell, William Hutson. Born April 15, 1866, at Peterboro, New Hampshire. Attended grade and high schools at home, and English and classical school at West Newton, Mass., 1881-83. Graduated at Mass. agricultural college 1887 with degree 22 of B. S. From 1887-88, assistant in field and stock experi- ments at Mass. agr. exp. station. At present agriculturist to Penn. state college experiment station, and instructor in agriculture at Penn. state college. Address : State College, Penn. Campbell, John P. Born Nov. 20, 1863, at Cumberland, Maryland. At- tended Allegany county academy at Cumberland and private school in Darnestown, Md., until fall of 1881. Graduated from Johns Hopkins university in 1885 with degree of A. B. Held university scholarship for 1885-86 session, a fellowship during i886-8)i, and was a fellow by courtesy the next year, graduating as Ph. D. in 1888. Now professor of biology in university of Georgia, and entomologist to Georgia agricultural experiment station. Addrejss : Athens, Georgia. Carpenter, Frank R. Born May 7, 1864, at L,eyden, Mass. Public school education in home schools, and at Power's institute, Ber- nardston, Mass., for two years. Graduated at Mass. agr. college in 1887, with degree of B. S. Assistant chemist at Mass. agr. experiment station, 1887-88. Since 1888, assistant chemist North Carolina agricultural experi- ment station. Address : Raleigh, N. C. Carpenter, Louis G. Graduated at the Michigan agricultural college in 1879 with degree of B. S., and given M. S. by same college in 1882. Assistant in mathematics and engineering at the Mich, agricultural college for eight years ; and during 1884-85 acting professor of mathematics. Since Sept. i, 1888, has occupied chair of physics and irrigation engi- neering at Colorado agricultural college. Is meteorolo- gist and irrigation engineer to Colorado agricultural ex- periment station. Address : Fort Collins, Col, 23 Carr, Oma. Assistant in laboratory, United States department of agriculture. Address ; Washington, D. C. Carson, J. W. Born Jan. 3, 1865, in Colorado county, Texas. Gradu- ated from Texas agricultural and mechanical college in 1886, with no degree. Connected with Texas cooperative association, 1887. Now assistant to director, Texas agri- cultural experiment station. Address : College Station, Texas. Cassiday, James. Did special scientific work at Mich. agr. college, for which given B. S. degree. For several years at Royal botanic gardens, Regent's Park, London, Eng. , and with a nursery firm in same city. For four years with Peter Henderson, N. Y. City, and 10 years florist and horticul- turist at the Michigan agricultural college. Since 1883 professor of horticulture at the Colorado agricultural col- lege, and during three years in this period in charge of entomology. Now horticulturist and entomologist to the Colorado agricultural experiment station. Address : Fort Collins, Col. Charbonnier, ly. H. Born August 2, 1838, in France. Educated in the Ly- ceum, and afterwards at St. Cyr. From 1866-77, profes- sor of engineering in the university of Georgia. From 1877 to date, professor of physics and astronomy at same institution, and in charge of the meteorological work of the experiment station. Address : Athens, Georgia. Chester, Frederick D. Born in Connecticut in 1862. Educated at Washing- ton university, St. Louis. Graduated at Cornell universi- ty in 1882 with degree of B. S. Given M. S. by Cornell 24 in 1886. Professor of botany at Delaware college from 1882 to date. Botanist to Delaware agricultural experi- ment station ; appointed, 1888. Address: Newark, Del. Clark, John Wesley. Born November i, 1849, at North Hadley, Mass. Studied at Hopkins academy, Hadley, 1866-67. Gradua- ted at Massachusetts agricultural college in 1872, with de- gree of B. S. Nurseryman, T. C. Maxwell & Bros., Geneva, N. Y., 1872. Foreman of nursery at Quincy, Ky., and Brenham, Tex., 1874-77. Superintendent of Mass. agric. college nursery, 1877-82. Instructor in agri- culture and farm superintendent at same 1883-84. Su- perintendent Connecticut valley orchard company. Deep River, Conn., 1884-85. Fruit grower in North Hadley, Mass. 1885-88. Elected professor of botany and horticul- ture at university of Missouri in fall of 1888, and horticul- turist to agricultural experiment station. Address : Columbia, Missiouri. Publications. Has contributed to agricultural journals quite largely. Coffin, I^ewis A. Graduated at Colorado agricultural college in 1888 with degree of B. S. Now assistant chemist, Colorado agri- cultural experiment station. Address : Fort Collins, Col. Colby, George Elden. Born November 11, i860, at Claremont, Alameda Co., California. Graduated from the university of California in 1880 with degree of Ph. B. Engaged in chemical work un- der Prof E. W. Hilgard for United States census for 1880. Analyzed soils, waters and "alkali deposits," and assayed coal and iron for the northern transcontinental survey of the northern Pacific railroad company, 1880-84. Engaged in special chemical analyses of California soils and min- 25 eral waters; also soils of the Sandwich islands, and ash of the fruit and leaves of the Sandwich islands banana, 1884- 1885. In 1885 appointed second assistant in the viticul- tural laboratory, university of California, which position he now holds. Address : Berkeley, California. Publications. Analysis of the ash of two California wheats. — Appendix No. 7, report college of agriculture, university of California, 1880. Collier, Peter. Born Aug. 17, 1835, at Chittenango, N. Y. Early ed- ucation at native home in Yates polytechnic institute. Graduated at Yale college in 1861 with degree of B. A., later receiving A. M. from same, and M. D., from univer- sity of Vermont. Studied in Sheffield scientific school of Yale, and assisted in laboratory, receiving Ph. D. from this school in 1866. From 1 867-77 professor of analytical chem- istry, mineralogy and metallurgy, university of Vermont, and of general chemistry in the medical department of which he was dean. From 1872-76, secretary Vermont state board of agriculture, mining and manufacture. Ap- pointed U- S. commissioner to world's exposition at Vi- enna, in 1873. From 1877-83 chief chemist to U. S. de- partment of agriculture, Washington, D. C. In Jan., 1888, became director N. Y. state agricultural experiment station,, at Geneva. Address : Geneva, N. Y. Publications. Annual reports chemist, U. S. depart, of agr., 1877-83. Sorghum, 1883. COLIylNGWOOD, C. B. Born in i860. Graduated at Mich, agricultural college in 1885 with degree of B. S. Assistant chemist to Arkan- sas agricultural experiment station. Address: Fayette- ville, Ark. CoMSTOCK, John He;nry. Born Feb. 24, 1849, at Janesville, Wisconsin. Educated in district schools, Mexico academy, Mexico, New York, 26 Fallen seminary, Fulton N. Y., Cornell university and Yale college. Instructor at Cornell university 1873-77. Lec- turer at Vassar College, 1888. Assistant professor ento- mology at Cornell univ. , 1879-81; professor of entomology and invertebrate zoology at Cornell, 1882 to date. Ad- dress : Ithaca, N. Y. Publications. Author of notes on entomology. Reports of United States ento- mologist for 1879 and 1880. Report on cotton insects. Monograph of the Diaspinae. Report on insects for 1 881. An introduction to entomology. Numerous articles in various scientific and agricul- tural journals. CoNNAWAY, John W. Born Nov. 18, 1859, in Cedar county, Missouri. Edu- cated in the common schools of Missouri, the state normal school of south Missouri, and the university of Oregon. Took a commercial course in the Portland, Oregon, bus- iness college, and medical course at the Missouri .state uni- versity. Pursued special studies in microscopy and vet- erinary science in the university of Missouri experimental and vaccinal laboratory under Dr. Paul Paguin, state vet- erinarian. Previous to studying medicine, was engaged for a time at farming and stock raising, teaching, and later accountant in wholesale agricultural implement house at Portland, Oregon. Address : Columbia, Missouri. CONNELL, J. H. Born July 9, 1 864, in Arkansas. Resident of Mississippi 17 years. Graduate Miss, agricultural and mechanical college, 1888, with degree of B. S. Assistant agriculturist experiment station of same college, 1888. Agriculturist Kentucky, agricultural and mechanical college experiment station, Sept., 1888, to date, and professor of agriculture in Kentucky agricultural and mechanical college. Address : Lexington, Ky. Cook, Albert J. Born Aug. 30, 1842. Graduated from the Mich, agri- cultural college in 1862, with degree of B. S. Went to 27 California in 1863, where staid three years, teaching in Eureka and Sacramento. Studied law in 1866, and the same year appointed instructor in Mich. agr. college. During 1867-68 was at the Harvard university museum of comparative anatomy. Is professor of entomology in the Mich. agr. college, and entomologist to the agricul- tural experiment station of the same institution. Ad- dress : Agricultural College, Mich. POBLICATIONS. Has written much for agricultural papers for many years. Injurious insects of Michigan. Manual of the apiary. Cook, George H. Born Jan. 5, 1818, at Hanover, Morris county. New Jersey. Studied in the schools of native home, and graduated from the Rensselaer polytechnic institute, at Troy, N. Y.,in 1839. Was civil engineer from 1836-38. Taught at Troy in institute from 1842-46, being senior professor there at the latter date. From 1846-48 in busi- ness in Albany, N. Y., and professor of mathematics in Albany academy, 1848-50, and principal pf same school, 1852-53. Late in 1853 took chair of chemistry and nat- ural history at Rutgers college. New Brunswick, N. J. ; for several years of late has acted as vice-president of same. Upon the establishment of the New Jersey geo- logical survey, was elected assistant, acting from 1854-56, when the survey was abandoned. In 1864 the survey was again organized, and Dr. Cook was appointed state geologist, which position he still holds. Was the means of establishing the Rutgers scientific school in 1862 as a branch of the college. When the state agricultural ex- periment station was established in 1879, was elected di- rector, which position still holds. Was given Ph. D. by the university of the city of New York, and 1,1,. D. by Union college. Address : New Brunswick, New Jersey. PUEI,ICATIONS. All the reports of the New Jersey geological survey, and the New Jersey agricultural experiment station, as well as minor papers and addresses. 28 Cooper, L,. A. Born Sept. 6, 1861. Graduated at Franklin county gram- mar school, St. Albans, Vt., 1880. Clerk in drug store 1880-84. Entered university of Vermont in Sept., 1884. Assistant chemist Vermont agricultural experiment sta- tion from March, 1887. Address: Burlington, Vt. Cory, C. F. Graduated at the Alabama agricultural and mechanical college in 1887, with the degree of B. S. Assistant in experimental agriculture, Arkansas agricultural experi- ment sub-station. Address : Pine bluff. Ark. Crampton, Charles A. Graduated at the university of Michigan in 1882 with degree of B. L. Studied medicine from 1882-84, receiv- ing M. D. Was assistant in chemical laboratory United States department of agriculture. In 1885 in charge of the New Orleans sugar station of same department, and in 1887 of the Fort Scott, Kansas, sugar station. At pres- ent first assistant chemist, U. S. dept. of agriculture. Address : Washington, D. C. PUBI. Born in 1855 in Marion county, Oregon. Educated in common schools till 1876. Graduated at Oregon state agricultural college, at Corvallis, in 1880, with degree of B. S. Studied at Mich. agr. college 1882-83, receiving degree of B. S. Special student at university of Illi- nois in 1883. Elected to chair of agriculture in Oregon agricultural college in June, 1883, which position he has held since.. In June, 1888, appointed director of Oregon state agricultiiral college agricultural experiment station. Address : Corvallis, Oregon. GrISSOM, ROBKRT GiLIvIAM. Born Jan. 26, 1867. Graduated at the university of North Carolina in 1887 with degree of B. S. Third assis- tant chemist at the North Carolina agricultural experi- ment station, being appointed March 9, 1888. Address : Raleigh, N. C. GULLEY, F. A. Born April 24, 1851, at Dearborn, Wayne county, Michi- gan. Graduated from Michigan agricultural college in 1880 with degree of B. S., and for post-graduate work re- ceived M. S. in 1883. From 1880-88, professor of agri- culture in Miss, agricultural and mechanical college. Now director Texas agricultural experiment station. Fellow American association for the advancement of science, and member the Association for the promotion of agricultural science. Address : College Station, Texas. PUBI,ICATIONS. First lessons in agriculture, i887j pp. 118. Halsted, Byron, D. Born June 7, 1852, at Venice, Cayuga county. New York. Educated in district school until 1867. Gradua- 42 ted at Michigan agricultural college with degree of B. S., in 1871. After teaching at same college, and studying two years, received degree of M. S. Studied at Harvard university four years, receiving degree Sc. D. in 1878. Taught in Chicago high school six months, and then took place on American agriculturist va. New York as associate editor; was managing editor from 1882-85. From 1885 to 1889 professor of botany in Iowa agricultural college. Since then professor of botany in Rutger's college, and botanist and horticulturist to the New Jersey agricultural experiment station. Address : New Brunswick, N. J. PUBWCATIONS. Has written many hundreds of articles for the agricultural press, and several papers for journals like Popular science monthly, Science, American naturalist. Botanical gazette, Terr ey bulletin, it\.c. Edited some books while with American agriculturist, and com- piled others. Has published two annual bulletins of department of botany of Iowa agricultural college. Halter, George 'L,. Born July 2, 1859, at Roland, Centre county, Penn. Early education at district school at Curtin's iron works. Graduated from Pennsylvania state college, in chemistry and physics, 1886, with degree of B. S. Assistant in chemical laboratory Penn. state college, 1886-87. -^P" pointed second assistant chemist Penn. state college agr. exp. station, early in 1888, promoted to first assistant chemist July i, 1888, which position he now holds. Ad- dress : State College, Penn. Harper, David Neil. Born 1863 at Scotch Grove, Jone.s county, Iowa. Early education* at Cumberland Valley state normal school, •Shippensburgh, Penn. and Dr. Holbrook's military acade- my at Sing Sing, New York. Graduated from Sheffield scientific school of Yale university, with degree of Ph. B. Was instructor in chemistry at university of Pennsylva- nia. Now chemist to the university of Minnesota ag- ricultural experiment station. Address : St. Anthony's Park, Minn. 43 Harrington, H. H, Born Dec. 14, 1859, at Buena Vista, Miss. Graduated from Miss, agricultural and mechanical college in 1883, with degree of B. S., and in 1885 received M. S. from same, for post-graduate work. Studied at Michigan agri- cultural college in 1882, and at the Conn, agricultural ex- periment station in 1885. Assistant chemist Miss, agri- cultural and mechanical college, 1883-88. Now professor of chemistry at the Texas agricultural and mechanical col- lege, andcheinist to the Texas agricultural experiment station. Member American association for the advance- ment of science. Address : College Station, Texas. Harter, George A. Born in 1854, at Hagerstown, Maryland. Graduated in 1878 from St. John's college, Annapolis, Maryland. Has been tutor in mathematics at St. John's college and principal of Hagerstown Academy. Is now professor of mathematics and physics in Delaware college, and meteor- ologist to the Delaware agricultural experiment station. Address : Newark, Delaware. Harvey, Francis Le Roy. Born in 1850 in Tompkins county. New York. Early education in Ithaca, N. Y., public schools. Moved to Iowa in 1865. Teacher in Iowa public school in 1867. Graduated Iowa agricultural college in 1872 with degree of B. S. Re- ceived M. S. degree from same college in 1886. For two and one-half j'cars assistant in chemistry, entomological curator for the natural history society, at Iowa agricul- tural college. Post-graduate course in botany, and spec- ial student in mineralogy and geology at Harvard uni- versity. Taught one year in graded schools of Iowa. Occupied chair of sciences at Humboldt college, Iowa, one year. From 1875-81 held chair of theoretical and applied chemistry and biology in the Arkansas industrial univer- sity ; and from 1881-85 chair of biology, mineralogy and geology at same institution. In 1885 in charge of Dr. A. E. Foote's natural history and mineral establishment at Phila- 44 delphia, Pa. In 1887 elected to the chair of natural history in the Maine state college, and in 1888 also made botanist and entomologist to the Maine agricultural experiment sta- tion. Member academy of natural sciences of Phila- delphia, Pa., corresponding member Torrey botanical club, and the Portland society of natural history. Ad- dress : Orono, Maine. Publications. Special bulletin No. 12 on the forestry of Arkansas, vol. ix, U. S. census report, 1880. List of the forest trees of Arkansas. List of the ferns of Arkansas, with notes. Minerals and rocks of -Arkansas. Has contributed many notes and short articles, during the past ten years, to scieniific periodicals. Hays, Wiixet M. Born in October, 1859, at Eldora, Iowa. Educated in public schools in county. Attended Cskaloosa college and Drake university, irregularly from 1878-82. Gradu- ated at Iowa agricultural college in 1885 with degree of B. S. A. Assistant in agricultural experiments in Iowa agricultural college, 1886. Associate editor Prairie farfner, 1887-88. At present assistant in agriculture at Minnesota agricultural experiment station. A,ddress : St, Anthony's Park, Minn. Hayward, Albert I. Graduated at Mass. agricultural college in 1888 with B. S. degree. Senior assistant in agricultural depart- ment, Mass. agr. college, 1887-88. Agriculturist, Mary- land agricultural experiment station from July 16, 1888, to date. Address : Agricultural college, Md. Hknry, W. a. Born June 16, 1850, at Norwalk, Ohio. Student at Ohio Wesleyan university, 1869-70. In charge, New Haven, Indiana, graded public schools, 1871-72, and Boulder, Colorado, schools 1873-76. Graduated from Cornell university in 1880, with B. agr. degree. Ap- 45 pointed professor of botany and agriculture, university of Wisconsin, in 1880, and professor of agriculture in 1882. In 1887. made director of Wisconsin agricultural experi- ment station. Address : Madison, Wis. Publications. In various agricultural journals, and in bulletins and reports of the Wisconsin agricultural experiment station. At present staflF correspondent of Breeder' s gazette , Chicago, 111. Herff, B. a. von Born at Worms, Germany. Graduated from university of Gottingen, with degree of Ph. D. First served as chem- ist to the Ascarnia manufacturing company, at L'halt, Stassfurt, Germany. Next chemist to North Carolina experiment station. Now assistant chemist to Missis- sippi agricultural experiment station. Address ; Agri- cultural College, Miss. Publications. About the action of oxalic acid on orthouitraniline, Berlin, 1881. About phtalylparatoluidine. Berlin, 1881. The Stassfurt industry. Raleigh, N. C, 1883. Hickman, J. F. Born July 3, 1856, at Fast Liverpool, Ohio. Studied in public schools of native home during the winters, till 1875, when entered preparatory department Penn. state college. Graduated from same in 1880. From 1881-83, superintendent of the eastern experimental farm, Penn. state college, West Grove, Pa. In 1883 farmer and sheep grower at East lyiverpool, Ohio. Since 1888 agriculturist to the Ohio agricultural experiment .station. Has degree of M. A. S., conferred in 1883. Address : Columbus, Ohio. Hicks, lyEwis Ezra. Born in 1837 at Kalida, Ohio. Educated in Denison university, Granville, Ohio, graduating in 1868 as A. B. Also studied at Harvard university and in Agassiz's mus- eum, 1869-70. Degrees of A. M. and Ph. D. From 1870 46 -84 professor of natural science Denison university. Prof, of geology university of Nebraska, 1884 to date. Geologist to university of Nebraska agric. experiment station, 1887 to date. Dean indu-strial college, university of Nebraska, 1888 to date. Associate editor American geologist, 1888 to date. Address : Lincoln, Neb. PUBI