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 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924032750733 
 
ORDERLY BOOKS OF THE REVOLUTION. 
 
 NO. 1 
 
 ORDERS OF MAJOR-GENERAL HEATH, 
 
 MAY-OCTOBER, 1777. 
 
QE^NERAIv ORDEKS 
 
 ISSUBD BY 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM HEATH 
 
 WHEN IN COMMAND OF THE; EASTERN DEPARTMENT, 
 23 MAY, 1777—3 OCTOBER, 1777. 
 
 WITH SOME FRAGMENTARY ORDERS 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL PUTNAM JJND LT. COL, WM, S. SMITH, 
 
 COMPn<ED AND EDITED BY 
 
 WORTHINGTON CHAUNCEY FORD. 
 
 BROOKLYN, N. Y. 
 
 HISTORICAI, PRINTING CI<UB. 
 1890. 
 
/I 3 dSKZ . X 
 
 t 
 
 ^^'^' 
 
 
 250 Copies Printed. 
 No. 
 
 X 
 
INTRODUCTORY NOTE. 
 
 It must be confessed that an Orderly Book does not 
 make very interesting reading, even when it represents 
 an army in action. It is still less interesting when it 
 depicts a garrison life, the monotony being broken 
 only by the records of courts martial, or by a possible 
 call from the outside for troops. At the same time, it 
 is from such books that valuable facts may be found to 
 complete other and more important records. The 
 evolution of an army from the aggregation of raw re- 
 cruits yielding to the iron discipline of military law, 
 the development and application of this discipline, the 
 daily Hfe in camp, the movement of corps and brigades, 
 the details of army organization, and often the words 
 of praise and blame addressed by a commander to his 
 men, that throw light upon the character of the leader, 
 and often his plans, — these are some of the matters 
 that can be best learned from a study of the general 
 orders, and on the determination of which may rest 
 more important historical problems. Written as they 
 often were by ignorant men, who could hardly write 
 and certainly could not spell, containing the only 
 record we have of courts martial and their decisions, 
 they take us into the ranks, and show better than any 
 thing else could show, of what materials the Contin- 
 
 (v) ental 
 
VI 
 
 ental army was composed, and the enormous detail 
 and perplexity that confronted the leaders in their task 
 of making it a compact and homogeneous mass, ready 
 and able to move as a war machine, subject to the will 
 of the mind at its head. 
 
 I have, in a measure, altered the usual procedure of 
 dealing with such records. Each brigade, each di- 
 vision and each corps were supposed to keep an Or- 
 derly Book, in which were copied the general orders 
 issued by the Commander-in-chief, and the detachment 
 or regimental orders. In the grand army, therefore, 
 the books would contain much the same matter, dif- 
 ferences being due to carelessness in copying, to de- 
 tachments of brigades, and to a subject of local im- 
 portance brought to the notice of the adjutant. It was 
 thought unnecessary to confine this publication to a 
 single record, for the movements of a detachment were 
 not of sufficient importance to warrant it. I have 
 therefore taken three such records of Heath's orders, 
 and combined them into one, making the orders as 
 complete as the series could afford the material; with- 
 out undertaking to discriminate what parts, often only 
 a phrase or sentence, were taken from each individual 
 book. This liberty was taken because the writers of 
 the books could not be identified, the corps or regi- 
 ment to which they belonged was a matter of conjec- 
 ture, and the repetition of such a record in three 
 volumes, differing but little from one another, would 
 have been needless. A full record was wanted, and 
 
 that 
 
vu 
 
 that is what I have sought to give; taking from each 
 one what was needed to attain this fullness, and noting 
 any differences that might be of assistance to the 
 reader. 
 
 Major-General William Heath, the writer of these 
 orders, was by taste and experience well fitted to take 
 a high command in the Continental army. At the 
 outbreak of the Revolution he was thirty-eight years 
 of age, and young enough to have his reputation be- 
 fore him, and not like so many of the commanders who 
 came forward then, depending upon their service in 
 the French and Indian War of 1756-1763, whose age 
 rendered their services of such doubtful utility as to 
 lead to their being superseded by more active men. 
 He was appointed a brigadier general by the provincial 
 assembly of Massachusetts, and, rendering valuable 
 services in organizing and training the raw militia that 
 came before Boston, was made a major general by the 
 same body. When the Continental Congress assumed 
 the control of the army then before Boston — chiefly 
 composed of New England troops — Heath was given 
 a commission of brigadier-general, and in August, 
 1776, was promoted to the rank of major-general. As 
 such he was placed in command of the posts in the 
 Highlands, which Washington regarded as the most 
 important, indeed of vital importance, to the American 
 cause, and in 1777 was given the command of the 
 eastern department, with headquarters at Boston. It 
 was here that the following orders were issued, and 
 
 though 
 
Vlll 
 
 though only a partial record, covering less than one- 
 half the time of his command, they are sufficient to 
 show the ordinary life in a garrison town, and will be 
 supplemented by other records of the same nature. 
 
 One of the Orderly Books from which I have com- 
 piled these orders appears to have belonged to Colonel 
 William Raymond Lee, commanding a Massachusetts 
 regiment, which, with Henley's and Jackson's regi- 
 ments, are frequently mentioned in Revolutionary let- 
 ters, as they do not appear to have been organized as 
 regular Continental troops, but upon an independent 
 basis. It was not until 1779 or 1780 that what re- 
 mained of them was incorporated with the Continental 
 army, when their identity was merged into that of the 
 main army. I have, in this volume, included certain 
 orders issued while Lee's regiment was on the march, 
 at Peekskill, when under the command of Major-Gen- 
 eral Putnam, and when on detachment at Lancaster; 
 but I have omitted the orders issued by Washington 
 when this regiment was with the main army at White 
 Marsh, and those of Sullivan when in command at 
 Rhode Island, as it is my intention to print them in 
 separate volumes. 
 
 WORTHINGTON ChAUNCEY FoRD. 
 
 Washington, D. C, jo Jujie, i8gu. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Major General Heath's Orders i 
 
 Orders while On the March 9' 
 
 Major General Putnam's Orders 93 
 
 Lt. Col. Wm. S. Smith's Orders 103 
 
 Index 118 
 
 (ix) 
 
MAJOR-GENERAL HEATH'S ORDERS. 
 
ORDERLY BOOK. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 23 May, 1777. 
 Parole, Woodbridge . C. Sign, . 
 
 Major Andrew Brown is appointed Deputy Muster 
 Master for the Eastern Department of the army of the 
 United States of America. He is to be respected and 
 obeyed accordingly. 
 
 Several Officers being under arrest and a number of 
 Soldiers under Guard, the General Court Martial is to 
 sit without further delay. The President* will fill up 
 the Court with such officers as may be found in Town. 
 Capt. Crafts t is to act as Judge Advocate. Major An- 
 drew Symmes, officer of the Day. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 24 May, 1777. 
 Some of the Inhabitants of the Town having re- 
 quested that there may be no Drumming on the Lord's 
 Day, as the Garrison is not very considerable, and the 
 
 * Col? John Greaton. 
 
 f Probably Captain Edward Crafts, formerly of Colonel Gridley's regi- 
 ment of artillery. In September, 1775, he had been severely repri- 
 manded for using abusive expressions to Major Gridley. 
 
 ( I ) Guards 
 
Guards but few, the beatings on the Lord's Day, ex- 
 cept on some special occasion, is to be omitted until 
 further orders. 
 
 If there are any Invalids or Soldiers not well enough 
 to endure the Fatigues of a long march in any of the 
 Regiments, their names are to be returned immediately, 
 and they will be posted as Guards at the Provision 
 Stores, etc. 
 
 Major Symm's Detachment will hold themselves 
 ready to Parade on the Shortest Notice with Arms and 
 Accoutrements complete. 
 
 The Adjutants of the Regiments quarter'd at Cam- 
 bridge, are to be very attentive to the Guards, and also 
 in furnishing such Fatigue Men as may be daily called 
 for to assist at the different stores. 
 
 Notice to be given to the Head Quarters the Day 
 before any Detachment marches off as particular or- 
 ders will be given to the Commanding officer. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 25 May, i;//. 
 A subaltern, 2 Serjeants, 2 Corporals, and 30 Men 
 from Col° Alden's* Regiment, are to be detached as a 
 guard to the Powder which is to be sent to Springfield. 
 They are to be ready to march to-morrow. The officer 
 will receive written Instructions for his Conduct. 
 
 * Ichabod Alden, formerly Lieutenant- Colonel in the regiment of Col. 
 Theophilus Cotton. 
 
 A Corporal 
 
A Corporal and six men from Col? Greaton's* 
 Reg' are to Guard Major Genl Lincoln's Baggage to 
 Peek-skill. The waggon will be at Roxbury Meeting 
 House precisely at I2 o'Clock, on Wednesday next. 
 The Guard is to be punctual to the time. The officer 
 will receive written Instructions. 
 
 The General is very sorry to Find it necessary again 
 to Forbid the Soldiery committing abuse to the Bar- 
 racks, which is daily practised in a most scandalous 
 manner, and he does in the most positive manner call 
 upon the officers of all ranks to exert themselves to 
 prevent such injury being done to the Publick, and 
 which the General thinks, if officers would exercise a 
 proper authority, might be prevented. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 26 May, 1777. 
 
 Three men are to be added to the Labratory Guard, 
 and I Sentry mounted by that Guard at the General 
 Hospital in Winter street. The sentry will take direc- 
 tions from Doctor Warren.f 
 
 Col. Crane \ will order an officer with a detachment 
 of his Regiment to be ready to parade upon the ap- 
 proach of Genl. Hancock to the Town.§ He will re- 
 
 * Col. John Greaton, of the 3d. Mass. Regiment. 
 \ Dr. John Warren. 
 
 J John Crane, of the Massachusetts Regiment of Artillery. 
 I Hancock had just resigned the Presidency of the Continental Con- 
 gress. 
 
 move 
 
move the Brass four pounder from Fort Hill to the 
 state Labratory and put it under the charge of the 
 sentry there. 
 
 Upon notice being given of the approach of General 
 Hancock, the Field and Commission officers belonging 
 to the several Regiments in the service of the United 
 States of America, who may be in this Town or its 
 Vicinity, are to Parade on the Common near the 
 Pound, in full uniforms with their swords. 
 
 The funeral of Major Williams * is to be to-morrow 
 afternoon at Roxbury. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 27 May, 1777. 
 
 Capt. teenj^ Brown, of Col? Michael Jackson's Reg', 
 tryed at the Genl Court Martial whereof Col? Greaton 
 is President, charged with refusing to assist the Magis- 
 trates in the Execution of their office in apprehending, 
 taking up and bringing to justice a number of men 
 belonging to his Company, agreeable to the ist. Article 
 of the loth Section of the Rules and Regulations of 
 the Army, etc. 
 
 The Court are unan. of opinion that the Charge 
 brought against Cap' Brown has not been supported, 
 and consequently he has not been guilty of a Breach 
 of any of the Articles for the Government of the 
 
 * Major Edward B. Williams died May 25, 1777. He was a Major 
 in Col. John Greaton's regiment. 
 
 American 
 
American Army; therefore that he be acquitted with 
 Honor. 
 
 The General approves the opinion of the Court and 
 orders Cap^ Brown to be released from his arrest im- 
 mediately. 
 
 Cap'. John Bailey, tryed at the same General Court 
 Martial for enlisting a number of men that were before 
 enlisted by Capt. Allen * in Col? Alden's Regiment, 
 and for infamous and ungentlemanlike conduct, etc. 
 
 The Court are unanimously of opinion that Capt. 
 Bailey has been guilty of a Breach of the third Arti- 
 cle of the 6"? Section, and the 21",' Article of the 14th 
 Section of the Regulations of the Army, and that he 
 shall be cashiered and return all the Bounty Money 
 which he has received to the men he enlisted. 
 
 The General approves the opinion of the Court and 
 orders Capt. Bailey to pay the Bounty Monies agree- 
 able to the orders of the Court, and that he leave the 
 Army immediately. 
 
 William Barton, soldier in Captain Allen's Company, 
 Col. Alden's Regiment, tryed at the same General 
 Court Martial for Desertion, no evidence appearing 
 against the Prisoner, the Court acquit him and order 
 him to join Col° Alden's Regiment. 
 
 John Burk, Soldier in Capt. Sumner's f Company, 
 Col? Greaton's Regiment, tryed at the same Gen'. Court 
 Martial for enlisting twice; the Court find him guilty, 
 
 * Robert Allen. \ Capt. Job Sumner. 
 
 and 
 
and sentence him to receive 50 Stripes on his bare back 
 and return to Capt. Hunt* all that he has received of 
 him, and joyn Capt. Sumner's company where he first 
 enhsted; but some favorable circumstances appearing 
 to the Court they recommend him to the General's 
 favor. 
 
 The General approves the two last sentences, and 
 orders Barton released from Confinement, and to joyn 
 his Regiment, and Burk to refund to Capt. Hunt what- 
 ever he may have received from him. Remits the 
 stripes and orders him to joyn his Regiment. 
 
 Complaint having been made of the bad conduct ol 
 the Magazine Guard at Charlestown, the General calls 
 upon that Guard to be carefull, vigilant and alert; a 
 contrary conduct will not escape unnoticed. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 29 May, 1777. 
 The Hon*"'.*^ House of Representatives having repre- 
 sented that the frequent Drumming around and near 
 the Court House greatly interrupts the Debates of the 
 Assembly, and desire that a stop may be put thereto, 
 the General therefore forbids any Beating of Drums 
 during the sitting of the Council or House of Repre- 
 sentatives (except on some special occasions) either for 
 practising or on Duty, above the Coffee House in Con- 
 
 * Probably Capt. Abraham Hunt, of the first Mass. Regt. (Vose's), 
 who resigned in April, 1780. 
 
 gress 
 
gress Street, or between the Old Brick Meeting House, 
 and the Town Pump in the Main Street. Fife Major 
 Hywill will fix a parade for the Musick of Col? Crane's 
 Battalion, somewhere without the before mentioned 
 Limits. 
 
 Such of the Drafts as have not had the small pox 
 are not to be innoculated here, but are to joyn their 
 respective Regiments, where they will be innoculated. 
 
 Head-Quarters, 30 May, 1777. 
 
 Col? Vose is appointed President of the General 
 Court Martial in the room of Col? Greaton, who is ex- 
 cused. The Court is to sit to-morrow morning, and 
 as soon as possible try all such Prisoners belonging to 
 the Army as are confined either in Goal or at the Main 
 Guard; the Members of the Court are carefully to at- 
 tend, as are also all Evidences and Persons concerned. 
 
 Such of the Drafts for completing the Regiments as 
 have not had the small pox, are not to be inoculated 
 here, but to march as soon as they are equip'd to the 
 places of their destination, where they will undergo the 
 operation of that disorder. 
 
 The several Colonels are to exert themselves in 
 equiping and marching off their men. They will pay 
 the strictest attention to the obtaining as much cloath- 
 ing as possible for them, without which they will suffer 
 great Inconveniences. A Return of such Men as are 
 
 not 
 
not able to endure the Fatigues of a long March is to 
 be immediately given in, agreeable to a former order. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 31 May, 1777. 
 
 If there are any Recruits belonging to either of the 
 Regiments destin'd to Peekskill who have not had the 
 Small Pox (except they are new Drafts) they are to be 
 this Day or to-morrow sent to the Inoculating Hospi- 
 tal at Prospect Hill, as after to-morrow no person is 
 to be inoculated at that place, but every endeavor 
 used to cleanse the Barracks from the infection of the 
 small pox as soon as possible. 
 
 Strict attention is to be paid to the order of the 29th 
 ins', respecting the beating of Drums near the Court 
 House, and the officers who may at any time be on 
 charge when recruiting parties or others may through 
 inattention act contrary to such order, are desired to 
 correct such mistakes. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, i June, 1777. 
 Elijah Burnham, a soldier in Col? Marshall's* Regi- 
 ment, tryed at the General Court Martial, whereof 
 Col° Vose is president, accused with stealing a shirt 
 and pair of stockings; no evidence being produced 
 against him, the court adjudge that he be discharged 
 from the Guard. 
 
 *Thomas Marshall. 
 
 The 
 
The General approves the judgment, and orders 
 him to be released and to join his Regiment immedi- 
 ately. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 2 June, 1777. 
 
 Benjamin Vary, a soldier in Col? Crane's Battalion of 
 Artillery, tryed at the General Court Martial, of which 
 Col° Vose is President, for desertion: the Court find 
 him guilty, and adjudge him to receive one hundred 
 lashes on his naked back for said offence. 
 
 The General approves the judgment, and orders it 
 to be put in execution to-morrow morning at 9 o'clock, 
 on the Commons, by the Drummers of the Regiment. 
 
 Whenever any of the Troops are quartered in any 
 of the Barracks, the Barrack Master, or Deputy Bar- 
 rack Master is to take a view of the condition the Bar- 
 racks are then in, and on the Day that such Troops 
 are to leave the Barracks, they are again to be viewed 
 as aforesaid, and if it shall appear that they have been 
 injured, report is to be made thereof immediately, that 
 the Damage may be charged to those who commit it. 
 The General is sorry to find after so many orders on 
 this head, one more should be necessary, and hopes it 
 will be duly noticed. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 3 June, 1777. 
 Peter Hussey, a soldier in Col? Crane's Battalion, 
 
 tryed 
 
lO 
 
 tryed at the General Court Martial whereof Col° Vose 
 is president, for desertion, and receiving the Bounty- 
 three times, the Court find that the Prisoner is guilty 
 of inlisting twice, but from many alleviating circum- 
 stances in the case, and the second Bounty having been 
 returned, and the Prisoner long confined, adjudge that 
 he be kept in the Guard House till the Company to 
 which he belongs shall be ready to march, and that he 
 then joyn the Company. The General approves the 
 judgment, and directs that it be accordingly put in 
 Execution. 
 
 The punishment of Benj. Vary, which was to have 
 been inflicted this morning, is suspended, on account 
 of some particular representations of his case until 
 further orders. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 4 June, 1777. 
 
 The General Court Martial will be very careful to- 
 morrow to see that all Prisoners under Confinement 
 are brought to tryal, and in particular, one Morrison, 
 who has been long confined in Goal. The Prisoners 
 should at all times be brought to tryal as soon as pos- 
 sible, as long Confinement injures both the Prisoners 
 and also the Public Service. 
 
 The men off Duty belonging to the Detachment 
 under the Command of Major Symmes, are to parade 
 with arms three times a week in future, at six o'clock 
 P. M., viz', on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, when 
 
 they 
 
II 
 
 they are carefully to be instructed in the Priming and 
 Loading motions, and the different Firings, and some 
 of the most useful Manovers, which are the Essentials 
 of the Exercise. 
 
 The Guard at the Powder Magazine at Charlestown, 
 is to consist of one Serjeant, one Corporal and twelve 
 Men, until further orders. Strict attention is to be paid 
 to the furnishing of them from the Regiments at Cam- 
 bridge. 
 
 The General is surprised to hear the daily firing off 
 Guns, which is not only very unsoldierlike, but also 
 endangers the Inhabitants. It is, therefore, once more 
 strictly forbidden, and such as offend, are to be imme- 
 diately confined and reported. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 5 June, 1777. 
 The assistant Q. M. G. is to furnish the necessary 
 Teams for such Troops as are ready to march without 
 a moment's delay. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 6 June, 1777. 
 Edward Williams, a soldier in Capt. Cushing's Com- 
 pany, Col. Vose's Regiment, tryed at the General 
 Court Martial whereof Col. Vose is President, for in- 
 listing twice and receiving two Bounties: the Court 
 find the Prisoner guilty, and sentence him to receive 
 one hundred Lashes on his naked back, and that one 
 
 half 
 
12 
 
 half of his pay shall be stopped each and every month, 
 and paid to Capt. Page of Col. Francis's * Regiment, 
 till such Time as the full sum of Fifteen pounds ten 
 shillings be refunded. The General approves the sen- 
 tence and orders it to be put in Execution to-morrow 
 morning on the Common, by the Drummers of Col° 
 Crane's battalion, and that he joyn his Regiment, and 
 that the stoppage of his wages be maid and paid as 
 aforesaid. 
 
 Cornelius Teigh, a soldier in Col? Marshall's regi- 
 ment, tryed at the same general Court Martial for De- 
 sertion, the Court are of opinion that he be confined in 
 the Guard House until he is called for to march. 
 
 Samuel Morrison, a soldier in Col? Nixon's f Regi- 
 ment, tryed at the same General Court Martial for in- 
 listing twice and receiving two Bounties, it appearing 
 to the Court that the Prisoner first inlisted in the Jer- 
 sies, with an officer of Col? Stark's | Reg', and was 
 ordered to Cambridge, where he went and tarried some 
 time, but could find no officer belonging to said Regi- 
 ment, and being out of money, and having received no 
 Bounty, he inlisted with Col? Nixon's Reg', where he 
 received his Bounty. 
 
 There being no Evidence against the Prisoner, and 
 he having been confined near two Months, the Court 
 are of opinion that he be permitted immediately to joyn 
 Col? Nixon's Regiment. 
 
 * Ebenezer (?) Francis. •)■ John Nixon. | John Stark. 
 
 The 
 
13 
 
 The General approves the opinion of the Court in 
 the two last Instances, and orders Teigh to be kept 
 confined, and Morrison to join Col? Nixon's Reg', im- 
 mediately. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 7 June, 1777. 
 If any British officer or Soldier who are prisoners of 
 War, should be seen walking the Streets of this Town 
 (unless under Guard), or shall presume to come near 
 any Park of Artillery, Magazine, or Publick Store, they 
 are to be taken up immediately, and reported to Head- 
 Quarters. The following order, which was issued by 
 his Excellency General Washington on the 8th ultimo, 
 is to be carefully read once a week' at the Head of each 
 Regiment, on this Department of the Army, and strict 
 obedience paid thereto; viz'. 
 
 Head-Quarters, 8 May, 1777. 
 
 As few Vices are attended with more pernicious Consequences in 
 Civil Life ; so tliere are none more fatal in a military one, than that of 
 Gaming ; — -which often brings disgrace and ruin upon officers, and in- 
 jury and punishment upon the Soldiery. — And reports prevailing which, 
 it is to be feared, are too well founded, that this destructive vice has 
 spread its baneful influence in the Army, and in a peculiar manner to 
 the prejudice of the Recruiting Service, the Commander in Chief, in the 
 most pointed and explicit terms, forbids ALL officers and Soldiers play- 
 ing at Cards, Dice, or at any games, except those of EXERCISE for 
 diversion ; it being impossible, if the practice be allowed at all, to dis- 
 criminate between innocent play, for amusement, and criminal gaming, 
 for pecuniary or sordid Purposes. 
 
 Officers attentive to their Duty will find abundant Employment in 
 training and disciplining their Men ; providing for them, and seeing 
 
 that 
 
14 
 
 that they appear neat, dean and soldierlike, nor will anything redound 
 more to their Honour, afford them more solid amusement, or better an- 
 swer the end of their appointment, than to devote the vacant moments 
 they may have to the study of Military Authors. 
 
 The Commanding officer of every Corps is strictly enjoined to have 
 this order frequently read, and strongly impressed upon the minds of 
 those under his command. Any officer, or soldier, or other Person, be- 
 longing to, or following the Army either in Camp, in Quarters, or on 
 the Recruiting service, or elsewhere, presuming under any pretence to 
 disobey this order, shall be tried by a General Court Martial. 
 
 The General officers in each division of the Army are to pay the 
 strictest attention to the due Execution thereof. 
 
 The Adjutant General is to transmit Copies of this order to the differ- 
 ent departments of the Army ; also to cause the same to be immediately 
 published in the Gazettes of each State, for the information of officers 
 dispersed on the recruiting service. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 9 June, 1777. 
 Complaint is repeatedly m-ade that due attention is 
 not paid to the relieving the Guards at Cambridge, and 
 as sometimes it is pretended that there are not men in 
 Quarters sufficient for the purpose, when the weekly 
 and provision returns prove the contrary ; the General 
 directs that all soldiers in Quarters do Duty, whether 
 their own officers be present or not, and all adjutants, 
 and such as do adjutant's Duty, are carefully to attend 
 to this matter. Major Andrew Brown is desired to 
 regulate the Guards at Cambridge, and see that none 
 be overfatigued, on the one Hand, or entirely escape 
 Duty, on the other, and that the Guards be properly 
 mounted and relieved in future. 
 
 The 
 
15 
 
 The members of the General Court Martial are 
 Punctually to attend to-morrow morning at the time 
 of adjournment, and are to proceed to the tryal of 
 Elijah Woodward. 
 
 Col? Vose's adjutant having marched, Col? Crane's 
 adjutant will see that the sentence of Edward Williams 
 (which was to have been put in Execution on Saturday 
 last), be put in execution to-morrow morning, agree- 
 able to the orders of y' 6''? inst'. The men belonging 
 to Col? Sherburne's Regiment, who are quartered at 
 Cambridge, are to do duty there. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, io June, 1777. 
 
 The officers are to pay the greatest attention to the 
 obtaining of clothing for all such Troops as have not 
 marched to the Places of their destination, and if pos- 
 sible, have them completely clothed before they march ; 
 the call for the speedy marching of the Troops, and the 
 absolute necessity also that they be well clothed, are 
 objects that require uncommon exertions. 
 
 The Colonels of the respective Regt! will take par- 
 ticular care before any of the ofificers, who have re- 
 ceived money for the recruiting service, march to join 
 the army, to inquire if the monies which they have re- 
 spectively received, have been paid out in bounties, 
 and if it appears the whole has not, the surplusage 
 should be returned into the hands of the commanding 
 officer at the rendezvous of the respective Reg'.^(whom 
 
 the 
 
i6 
 
 the Col? will appoint for that purpose), who will furn- 
 ish the several recruiting officers who are left behind, 
 to recruit the Regt^ as occasion may require ; without 
 this, the recruiting officers will be greatly embarrassed, 
 and the publick service injured, as no more monies 
 will be issued than is requisite to complete their respec- 
 tive regiments. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, ii June, 1777. 
 The Pleasure of the hon'ble Congress with respect 
 to the Execution of Peter Pickman Frye not having as 
 yet been obtain'd, his execution is further suspended 
 to Thursday, 19th inst.* 
 
 * " Desertion of the soldiery from one Regiment, and inlisting into 
 others, is too prevalent here. A general Court Martial last week sen- 
 tenced one Peter Pickman Frye, late of Salem, a soldier in Col? Mar- 
 shall's regiment, to be shott for desertion. I have approved the sentence, 
 and ordered it to be put in execution on the 22d. Instant. He openly 
 declared that he meant to desert to the enemy. Several others have 
 been tryed for inlisting twice and three times, and deserting as often, 
 and changing their names; for each of which, as capital crimes, they 
 have been sentenced to receive one hundred lashes." Heath to Wash- 
 ington, II May, 1777. "The Friends of Peter Pickman Frye (who is 
 under sentence to be shott for desertion) have earnestly requested a 
 suspension of execution, until they can prefer a petition to the Honble 
 Congress, and receive their determination thereon. As this request i§ 
 backed by some gentlemen of distinction, I conceived it to be my Duty 
 to indulge them with Time to present their Petition, and have sus- 
 pended his Execution to the 1 2th of June next. His Friends beg a 
 pardon, the public call for his Execution. The former say he is insane, 
 the latter that he is more Knave than Fool. For my own part I neither 
 
 The 
 
17 
 
 The Quantity of Powder at Charlestown being 
 much lessened, the Magazine Guard there is to consist 
 of one Corporal and six Privates only, until further 
 Orders. 
 
 Elijah Woodward, a Soldier in Capt. Knapp's * 
 Company in Col. Shepherd's f Regiment tried at the 
 General Court Martial, whereof Col. VoseJ is Presi- 
 dent for Desertion and inlisting twice, and receiving 
 
 ask for a pardon, or execution, but shall strictly execute the pleasure of 
 Congress." Heath to Washington, 19 May, 1777. 
 
 " Application having been made to this Committee, in behalf of 
 Peter Pickman Frye, a soldier in the Continental army, now under 
 sentence of Death for Desertion ; by the Friends and Relations of the 
 said Frye, requesting that the Committee would set forth his character 
 to your Honors, from which they hope, his punishment may be remit- 
 ted : The Committee would therefore beg leave to inform the Con- 
 gress that he is a person, whom they think, from their knowledge of 
 him, is not possessed of a common share of understanding : and that he 
 is really incapable of committing a crime, maliciously and with design, 
 deserving so severe a punishment, as that to which he is now sen- 
 tenced. This Committee, therefore, would beg leave to intercede iix 
 behalf of this unhappy Person, and for the sake of his Friends and Con. 
 nections, who are many of them of the most respectable Characters, 
 Pray that his fentence may not be put in execution, but that the Con- 
 gress would be pleased to grant him a Pardon, or at least to lessen his 
 Punishment, as they in their wisdom shall think proper." Committee 
 of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety, (^Mass.) to the Continental 
 Congress, Salem, 25 May, 1777. See order for II September, 1777, 
 in this volume. 
 
 * Moses Knapp. 
 
 \ William Shepherd. 
 
 \ Joseph Vose. 
 
 2 the 
 
i8 
 
 the Bounty twice, The Court are of opinion that the 
 Prisoner is guilty of Breach of the first and third Ar- 
 ticles of the sixth Section of the Rules and Articles 
 for the Government of the Army of the United States 
 of America,* and adjudge that he receive one hundred 
 Lashes on his naked Back for each Offence, and that 
 Capt. Knapp, whose Company the Prisoner is to join, 
 be directed to make stoppage in the Prisoner's Pay 
 and Bounty till Capt. Bryant, of Col. Crane's Battal- 
 ion.t is fully satisfied for the Cloaths and Money not 
 recovered from the Prisoner. 
 
 The General approves the Judgment and orders it 
 to be put in Execution to morrow Monday on the 
 Common by the Drummers of Col. Crane's Battalion, 
 and that the Prisoner be delivered to Capt. Knapp, 
 who is carefully to make the stoppages, and pay same 
 Capt. Bryant, as directed by the Court. 
 
 * " Art I. All officers and soldiers, who having received pay, or hav- 
 ing been duly inlisted in the service of the United States, shall be con- 
 victed of having deserted the same, shall suffer death, or such other 
 punishment as by a court-martial shall be inflicted. 
 
 " Art. 3. No non-commissioned officer or soldier shall inlist himself 
 in any other regiment, troop or company, without a regular discharge 
 from the regiment, troop or company, in which he last served, on the 
 penalty of being reputed a deserter, and suffering accordingly : And in 
 case any officer shall, knowingly, receive and entertain such non-com- 
 missioned officer or soldier, or shall not, after his being discovered to 
 be a deserter, immediately confine him, and give notice thereof to the 
 corps in which he last served, he, the said officer so offending, shall by 
 court-martial be cashiered." Articles of War, 1776. 
 
 ■|- John Crane, of the Massachusetts Regiment of Artillery, 
 
 The 
 
19 
 
 The Adjutant of Col. Crane's Battalion to see that 
 the Punishment is inflicted to-morrow. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 12 June, 1777. 
 As the Time for which the Detachment of militia 
 under the Command of Capt. Bumstead of the Boston 
 Regiment were drafted to do duty expired this day, 
 the General thanks them for their regular and soldier- 
 hke Behaviour, and the great Chearfulness which they 
 have discovered in performing their duty. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 13 June, 1777. 
 The following Resolve has passed the Hon'ble Con- 
 tinental Congress, viz : 
 
 In Congress, 27 May, 1777. 
 Resolved, That for the future there be only one Chaplain allowed to 
 each Brigade in the Army, and that such Chaplain be appointed by 
 Congress. 
 
 That each Brigade Chaplain be allowed the same Pay, Rations and 
 Forage, that is allowed to a Colonel in the same Corps. 
 
 That each Brigadier General be required to nominate and recom- 
 mend to Congress a proper Person for Chaplain to his Brigade, and that 
 they recommend none but such as are Clergymen of experience and 
 establish'd public Character for Piety, Virtue and Learning. 
 By order of Congress. 
 
 John Hancock, President* 
 
 * For a letter of Washington on this subject see Writings of Wash- 
 ington (Ford's Edition), V., 418. 
 
20 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 14 June, 1777. 
 
 As disputes often arise with respect to the Trans- 
 portation of the public stores, whether the Loads are 
 to be estimated at neat or gross weight, it is always to 
 be understood in future that 112 lbs. neat is to be con- 
 sidered as an hundred weight, and twenty like hun- 
 dreds a Ton, and that all public Stores which are 
 transported by weight are to be loaded and the Cart- 
 ing paid accordingly. 
 
 As Cleanliness contributes to Health wherever the 
 Troops are quartered in Barracks, the officers are to 
 be particularly careful that the men are kept as clean 
 and neat as possible, the Rooms daily swept and aired, 
 and in fair weather the men's Blankets should be ex- 
 posed to the sun and air, the Quarters should be fre- 
 quently visited by the officers, the men's cooking and 
 messes inspected. However trifling this may appear 
 to some, it is absolutely necessary. In an army we 
 must expect some Indolent men. Bad Habits should 
 be eradicated as soon as possible, or their baneful 
 effects soon spread in a Corps, and that which might 
 at first have been easily reformed, by neglect may re- 
 quire much labor and pains. The Health, Cleanliness, 
 and soldier-like appearance of a Corps all redound to 
 the Honor of its officers, and are the best evidences of 
 their abilities and attention to their Duty. 
 
 Complaint having been made that some of the Bar- 
 racks at Cambridge, notwithstanding the express and 
 
 repeated 
 
21 
 
 repeated Orders to the contrary, have been injured in 
 a most scandalous manner, the General, being deter- 
 mined that such abuses shall not pass with Impunity, 
 desires that Col. Greaton, Col. Michael Jackson,* Col. 
 Alden, Lieut. Col. Fuller, and the Barracks master, 
 would as soon as possible, repair to Cambridge and 
 enquire into the matter, and, with the assistance of 
 such Carpenters as they may think necessary, estimate 
 the Damage and make report thereof. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 17 June, 1777. 
 Cornelius Teigh, a Soldier in Cap'. King'sf Com- 
 pany, Col. Marshall's % Regiment, tryed at the General 
 Court Martial whereof Col. Vose is president, for De- 
 sertion and inlisting a second time, the Court find the 
 prisoner guilty of a Breach of the first and third Arti- 
 cles of the sixth Section of the Rules and Articles for 
 the Government of the Army of the United States of 
 America, and adjudge that he shall receive One hun- 
 dred Lashes on his naked Back for each Offence, and 
 that Capt. King be directed to stop one half the Pris- 
 oner's Pay each and every Month, till the full sum the 
 Prisoner received from Capt. Webb|| of Col. Shep- 
 herd's Regiment be repaid. § 
 
 * Of the 8th Mass. Regiment. 
 
 \ Samuel King. % Thomas Marshall. ] George Webb. 
 
 § Teigh was with the Regiment at White Plains in September, 1778. 
 
 Richard 
 
22 
 
 Richard Mitchell, a Soldier in Capt. Jenkins' * Com- 
 pany, Col. Brewer's t Regiment, tryed at the same 
 General Court Martial for Desertion and inlisting 
 twice and receiving two Bounties, the Court find the 
 Prisoner guilty of a Breach of the first and third Arti- 
 cles of the sixth Section of the Rules and Articles for 
 the Government of the Army of the United States of 
 America, and adjudge that he receive One hundred 
 Lashes on his naked Back for each Offence, and that 
 Capt. Jenkins be directed to stop one half the Pris- 
 oner's Pay, each and every Month, till the full sum the 
 Prisoner received of Lieut. Parker,! of Capt. Bal- 
 lard's II Company be repaid. 
 
 The General approves the two beforegoing Judg- 
 ments, and orders that they be put in execution to- 
 morrow Morning at the Common, by the Drummers 
 of Col. Crane's Battalion. The Adjutant of Col. 
 Henry Jackson's Regiment is to see that the Punish- 
 ments are inflicted, and that Teigh be delivered to 
 Capt. King, and Mitchell to Capt. Jenkins, each of 
 whom are directed to make the stoppages of the Pay 
 of the Prisoners and the payment of it to the officers 
 who have been injured, agreeable to the Order of the 
 Court. 
 
 The Officers of Col. Lee's§ and Col. Henry Jack- 
 son's Regiments are to make the necessary Prepara- 
 
 * Josiah Jenkins. ] Samuel Brewer. J Isaac (?) Parker. 
 
 [ William H. Ballard. § William Raymond Lee. 
 
 tions 
 
23 
 
 tions for the Muster of their respective Regiments by 
 the first of July next. Major Brown, the Muster 
 Master, will furnish them with a form of a Muster 
 Roll agreeable to the Resolve of Congress. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i8 June, 1777. 
 
 The Execution of Peter Pickman Frye, which was 
 to have been to-morrow, is further suspended till 
 Thursday, the 26* Instant. 
 
 The publick Service requiring that all Recruits be- 
 longing to the Continental Battalions should immedi- 
 ately join their respective Corps, all such as are equipt 
 are to march without a moment's Delay. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 19 June, 1777. 
 The Time to which the Detachment of Militia 
 under the Command of Major Symmes of the Boston 
 Regiment were engaged to do Duty, having expired 
 this morning, the General thanks the Officers and 
 Soldiers who composed it, for their regular and 
 Soldier-like Behavior during the Time of their En- 
 gagement, no Complaints of Abuses, Irregularities, or 
 Neglects of Duty having been made, and their gen- 
 eral Deportment such as cannot fail to ensure them 
 Honor. 
 
24 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 20 June, 1777. 
 A Special General Court Martial to sit on Mon- 
 day next, at nine o'clock in the morning, to con- 
 sider the Report of a Court who were appointed 
 by the orders of the fourteenth inst., to enquire 
 into and estimate the Damage done to the Barracks 
 at Cambridge, the Court will make such further 
 Enquiry as they may think proper, and send for 
 such officers or soldiers as they may think necessary 
 to ascertain the Facts, and they are also to de- 
 termine what Regiments or Persons ought to pay 
 the Damage, and adjudge the respective sums ac- 
 cordingly. 
 
 Col. Greaton, President. 
 
 Col. Alden, Col. Mich'l Jackson, Col. Vose, Lt. Col. 
 Brooks *, Lt. Col. Fuller, and seven Commission 
 Officers, Members. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 21 June, 1777. 
 The Barrack Master and his Deputys are frequently 
 to inspect the Barracks, and carefully observe if any 
 new Injury be done to them, and prevent its being 
 repeated. Such Troops as are quartered in the Bar- 
 racks, are to have so much Room allotted to them as 
 is necessary and no more. The Doors of the other 
 Barracks are to be kept shut to prevent their being in- 
 jured by stragglers or others. 
 
 * John Brooks, of the 17th Mass. Regiment. 
 
25 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 23 June, 1777. 
 Colonel Alden is to send a Captain to relieve Capt. 
 Watson of Col. Greaton's Regiment, who has for some 
 time had the Command of the Guard at the Innocu- 
 lating Hospital on Prospect Hill. The old Guard is 
 to remain on duty until further orders. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 24 June, 1777. 
 
 No Patient is to be ordered from the General Hos- 
 pital by any officer of the Regiment to which he be- 
 longs, or presume to leave it himself, untill he obtains 
 a regular Discharge from the Senior Surgeon or Di- 
 rector of the Hospital. 
 
 In Case of an Alarm, Major Symmes's Detachment 
 is immediately to parade completely ready for action, 
 one half of them in the Fort on Fort Hill, and the 
 other half on their Parade near the Grainery, where 
 they will receive further orders. To prevent delay or 
 Confusion, each man belonging to the Detachment is 
 to be immediately acquainted to which place he is to 
 repair, and all those not on guard are strictly to con- 
 form themselves accordingly. The Guards have al- 
 ready received Orders for their Conduct on such an 
 Emergency. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 25 June, 1777. 
 The Special General Court appointed to consider, 
 
 the 
 
26 
 
 the Report of the Court who were appointed by the 
 Orders of the fourteenth Ins'. , to inquire into and 
 estimate the Damage done to the Barraclts at Cam- 
 bridge, and to determine what Regiments or Persons 
 ought to pay the Damage and adjudge the respective 
 sums accordingly, having reported that after consider- 
 ing the said report, and heard the evidence of Col. 
 Davis, Major Brown,* and Adjutant Allen, are of 
 opinion that the Barracks in Cambridge have been 
 much abused and damaged, but think it a matter of 
 the greatest doubt and uncertainty by whom, and can- 
 not in justice report what Individual is guilty, or who 
 ought to pay any part of said Damage, and that the 
 Barrack Master has been very negligent in his Duty. 
 The General approves the endeavors of the Court to 
 determine the Damages and fix the Payment of them 
 on those who were the perpetrators, but is truly sorry 
 that such flagrant abuses of the Property of the publick 
 should pass unpunished. The General flattered him- 
 self that after the Orders of the 25'.*^ ult° , a stop would 
 have been put to such scandalous practices, as he then 
 requested the exertion of Officers of all Ranks to sup- 
 press them, and as the Court of Enquiry have reported 
 that Col. Alden's and Col. M. Jackson's Regiments 
 were equally guilty in the Destruction of the Bar- 
 racks, and Col. Putnam's f for the Time they were 
 
 •Andrew Brown. 
 
 •)■ Rufus Putnam, of the 5th Mass. Regiment. 
 
 quartered 
 
27 
 
 quartered in the Barracks, the General does therefore 
 most expressly call upon the Colonels of those Regi- 
 ments to send to him immediately the names of the 
 officers ordered by them respectively to attend at the 
 Rendezvous of the before mentioned Regiments. 
 
 The Special General Court Martial, whereof Col. 
 Greaton was appointed President, is dissolved. 
 
 The Execution of Peter Pickman Frye is further 
 suspended to Thursday the tenth day of July next. 
 Col. Adin* may send a Lieut, to Prospect Hill, instead 
 of a Captain; as was directed in the orders of the 
 twenty third Instant. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 26 June, 1777. 
 Parole, Alicant. C. Sign, Boston. 
 
 Col. H. Jackson's Regiment is to march early on 
 Saturday morning next to Dorchester Heights, and 
 relieve the Detachment of Militia under the Command 
 of Col. Crafts, who are now doing Duty there. Col. 
 Jackson will dispose of his Regiment in such a manner 
 as most conveniently to mount the necessary Guards 
 in each of the Forts at that Post.f 
 
 As General Hospitals are established at this place 
 
 * This should be Alden. 
 
 \"\ have posted C0I9 Jackson's Regiment at Dorchester Neck. Lee's 
 is rendezvousing at Cambridge, being as yet too weak to do much duty 
 except guarding the magaiine, and stores at that place." Heath to 
 Washington, 7 July, 1777. 
 
 under 
 
28 
 
 under the Direction of Doct' John Warren, for the 
 Reception of the sick and wounded of the Continental 
 army, the surgeons of the several Regiments now 
 rendezvousing in and near the Town of Boston are 
 ordered to make Report to him of all such soldiers as 
 cannot be properly attended in their respective Regi- 
 ments, and immediately offer them for admisson into 
 the General Hospital, and all Persons concerned are 
 hereby informed, that no charges for the private sup- 
 port or medical attendance of such will be defrayed by 
 the Continent unless from due returns, reasonably 
 made, it shall appear that the sick could not receive 
 the Benefit of a General Hospital. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 27 June, 1777. 
 Parole, Concord. C. Sign, Detroit. 
 
 Messrs. John Hopkins, John Butterfield, and Robert 
 Champney, are appointed Waggon Masters until fur- 
 ther orders, and Messrs. Jonathan Parker, James 
 Brewer, William Billings, Simeon Ashley, and William 
 Fellows, Conductors until further orders. 
 
 In consequence of directions lately received by the 
 Deputy Muster Master from the Commissary General 
 of Musters, the Continental troops posted in the sev- 
 eral New England States, are to be mustered the first 
 of July next. Col. Lee's, Jackson's and Henley's* 
 Regiments are to make the necessary Preparations. 
 * David Henley. 
 
 Col. 
 
29 
 
 Col. Lee is to send a Sergeant, Corporal, and nine 
 men as a Guard for the Provision Stores at Little 
 Cambridge. The stores are at Messrs. Moses Robins's 
 and Jonathan Winship's. At the former is a guard 
 which is to be relieved and are to join their Regi- 
 ments. A centinel is to be posted at each store. Col. 
 Lee will also order two non-commissioned officers or 
 capable Soldiers daily to assist Major Andrew Brown 
 in inspecting and preserving the Barracks, &c. Four 
 steady soldiers are to be ordered from the Regiments 
 at Cambridge to cleanse the Barracks on Prospect 
 Hill. The Deputy Barrack Master at Cambridge will 
 assign quarters for Col. Henley's Regiment in the 
 Barracks commonly known by the name of Patter- 
 son's. 
 
 The weekly Returns are to be punctually made; no 
 excuses will be admitted. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 28 June, 1777. 
 The Deputy Barrack Master at Cambridge will take 
 particular care that no Troops are quartered in the 
 Barracks in which the military stores are deposited or 
 any Fire kindled in them on any pretence whatever. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 29 June, 1777. 
 Parole, Green. Countersign, Mollis. 
 
30 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 30 June, 1777. 
 Parole, Jenkins. C. Sign, Kingston. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i July, 1777. 
 Parole, Lovemoor. C. Sign, Manchester. 
 
 Isaac Tuckerman, jun'r, having been appointed a 
 Deputy Barrack Master with orders to superintend 
 and take care of the Barracks at Cambridge, the two 
 Non-commissioned officers or capable Privates, ordered 
 to be furnished by Col. Lee, will be unnecessary. 
 
 The General in the most express and positive Terms 
 again forbids the granting of furloughs to the men; 
 when the Campaign is nearly half spent to allow men 
 to be absent on furloughs must appear disgraceful, and 
 he is surprized to hear it has been practised by some. 
 
 Thomas Rice, a soldier in Col. Marshall's Regiment, 
 tried at the General Court Martial, whereof Col. Vose 
 is President, for deserting and inlisting a second time, 
 the Court find the Prisoner guilty, and sentence him 
 to receive fifty lashes on his naked back for each of- 
 fence, and half his pay every month to be detained 
 until the Recruiting officer of Col. Crane's Battalion, 
 who inlisted him the second time, is repaid the Bounty 
 paid by him. The General approves the sentence, but 
 inasmuch as the Court have recommended the Pris- 
 oner to his mercy to remit the stripes, the infliction of 
 the Punishment is suspended until further orders. The 
 
 Heinousness 
 
31 
 
 Heinousness of the Crime of deserting and inlisting a 
 second time, so much perpetrated of late, and being in 
 its nature so baneful to the service, the General does 
 not remit the stripes. The stoppage of half the Pris- 
 oner's pay is carefully to be made and paid agreeable 
 to the order of the Court. 
 
 John Flygh, a soldier in Capt. Barnard's Company, 
 Col. Wyllys' Regiment, brought before the same Gen- 
 eral Court Martial for Desertion, the Court are of 
 Opinion that the prisoner be sent to the Regiment to 
 which he belongs in Irons. The General approves the 
 sentence of the Court, and orders that the Detachment 
 of Col. Alden's Regiment, which is to march this Day 
 or to-morrow for Peeks Kill, take him under Guard to 
 the Regiment before mentioned as ordered by the 
 Court.* 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 2 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Normandy. Countersign, Olive. 
 
 Col. Henry Jackson is to make a disposition of his 
 
 * Late in June, while Washington was at Middlebrook, watching a 
 movement of Howe into New Jersey, he learned from the north of an 
 intended approach of the British under Burgoyne towards St. John. 
 He ordered Putnam to hold four Massachusetts regiments in readiness 
 at Feekskill to go up the river at a moment's warning. Soon after 
 Howe suddenly returned to New York, and Washington fearing a 
 movement against the posts on the Hudson, moved his army to Morris- 
 town, and detached the brigades of Generals Parsons and Varnum to 
 Feekskill, and ordered the four Massachusetts regiments to proceed to 
 the northward, when the two brigades should be within marching dis- 
 tance of Feekskill. These four regiments formed Nixon's brigade. 
 
 Regiment 
 
32 
 
 Regiment in three equal divisions, one of which is to 
 be assigned to each of the Redoubts at Dorchester 
 Heights, in which in case of alarm they arc immedi- 
 ately to parade as their alarm Post. The officers and 
 men are to be well informed to which Division and 
 Redoubt they are assigned, that there may be no con- 
 fusion or Loss of Time should any Emergency require 
 Dispatch. As the Recruits join the Regiment, the 
 Divisions are to be kept as near of equal strength as 
 possible. Col. Jackson will draw twenty Rounds of 
 Cartridge and Ball p'. man for his Regiment. This 
 ammunition is not to be delivered to the men at pres- 
 ent, but to be deposited in some safe and convenient 
 place, ready to be delivered if occasion should require 
 it. The Boatmen, who are employed in transporting 
 the public Stores to Watertown, are to be very careful 
 in raising and laying down Cambridge Bridge, to do it 
 in such a manner as not to injure the Bridge, or endan- 
 ger the passengers or carriages that pass over it, as 
 complaint has been made of neglect in this respect. 
 Strict attention is to be paid to this order. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 3 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Rippon. Countersign, Stafford. 
 
 To-morrow being the anniversary of American In- 
 dependence, at twelve o'clock noon thirteen cannon 
 are to be discharg'd from from the Fort on Fort Hill, 
 
 and 
 
, 33 
 
 and the like number from the Forts on Dorchester 
 Heights. 
 
 The firing is to begin on Fort Hill. Col. Jackson's 
 Regiment is to be under arms and fire three Rounds 
 of Powder. Major Symmes's Detachment is to join 
 Col. Hatch's Regiment of Militia (except such as are 
 on Guard). This Detachment is to fire three rounds 
 with Col. Hatch's Regiment. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 5 July, 1777.* 
 Parole, Victim. C. Sign, Wasp. 
 
 Col. Vose, who was President of the General Court 
 Martial, having march'd to join his Regiment, Col. 
 Mich'l Jackson is appointed President, and the Court 
 which was to have set this Day, is to sit on Tuesday 
 at 9 o'clock a. m., of which the members will take due 
 notice. 
 
 Col. M. Jackson is to send a Subaltern to command 
 the Guard at the Innoculating Hospital on Prospect 
 Hill. 
 
 The Assistant Quartermaster General is to fence a 
 
 * There is some uncertainty in the orders of the three days July 3d, 
 4th and 5th. In one Orderly Book, no orders are given on the 4th, 
 but those on the 5th begin with the second paragraph : " Col. M. Jack- 
 son is to send," etc. In another Book, the parole for the 3d is Pene- 
 lope, and the c. sign, Quintius ; while the parole for the 4th is Rippon, 
 and the c. sign, Stafford ; and the order printed above under the 3d 
 is given under the 4th — clearly an error. But this does not aid us in 
 straightening the paroles. 
 
 3 proper 
 
34 
 
 proper yard at Cambridge for the security of the shot 
 and shells, for the Fire Wood, etc. 
 
 The Captains of the respective Regiments who are 
 left at the Rendezvous of their Regiments to direct the 
 Recruiting officers, receive, arm, equip and order the 
 march of the Recruits, are by no means to be absent 
 from their Rendezvous without express Leave from 
 the General. Many Soldiers are strolling about the 
 Streets, and often complaining that they know not 
 where to find the proper officer to direct them to their 
 Duty, and some have again returned Home to the 
 great Injury of the Service. 
 
 After Orders. 
 The General remits the Punishment of Thomas 
 Rice, and orders that he be immediately releas'd from 
 the Main Guard, and that he join Col. Marshall's Reg- 
 iment and the stoppage of his pay be carefully made 
 and paid agreeable to the order of the General Court 
 Martial. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 6 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Amos. C. Sign, Barnabas. 
 
 The Assistant Quarter Master General will be very 
 careful to see that the Waggon Masters and Conduc- 
 tors are very alert, and that the stores are not left on 
 the Roads or transported to other Places than those to 
 which they are ordered. Complaints of abuses of this 
 kind have been frequently made of late. 
 
35 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 7 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Glassenbury. C. Sign, Haverstraw. 
 In Consequence of Intelligence just received from 
 the Westward and Northward, the General again calls 
 upon the officers to hasten the March of all such 
 Troops as are ready, without one Moment's Delay.* 
 Col. M. Jackson's Regt. must march immediately. It 
 the Men are not supplied with ammunition, it must be 
 be drawn without Loss of Time. The utmost atten- 
 is to be paid to the drilling the Recruits and instruct- 
 ing them in every part of their Duty as much as pos- 
 sible while they are in Quarters. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 8 July, 1777. 
 Parole, jfersey. Countersign, Knowlton. 
 
 The officers are desired to take particular care 
 wherever any troops are quartered, or guards posted, 
 that no injury be done to the inhabitants, by destroy- 
 ing fences, or needlessly crossing fields of grass or 
 grain. Some complaints of this nature have been 
 lately made; the General hopes to hear no more. 
 The General is much pleased with the late alertness of 
 the officers in marching their men, and desires that 
 those of them who are to remain at the respective ren- 
 
 * Heath had not yet heard of the evacuation of Ticonderoga by St. 
 Clair, which had been accomplished on the 6th. The intelligence 
 reached Boston on the nth, 
 
 dezvous 
 
36 
 
 dezvous of their regiments would be very vigilant in 
 collecting the recruits, arming, clothing, and equippmg 
 them, and as the present emergency of affairs calls for 
 the marching of every Continental soldier, those of 
 several regiments must be joined in detachments, and 
 march on without waiting to collect a detachment of 
 their own regiment. 
 
 Colonel H. Jackson will frequently report to the 
 General the state of the works, &c., at Dorchester 
 Heights, that orders may be given for the necessary 
 repairs. 
 
 The General Court Martial which was to have sit 
 this Day, is to sit to-morrow morning at nine o'clock, 
 of which the members will take notice. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 9 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Lenox. Countersign, Marblehead. 
 
 The general is surprized to hear that the march of 
 any of the Troops should be delay'd on the account of 
 Trains : he desires that the Waggon Masters and Con- 
 ductors would exert themselves and that the Deputy 
 Q^ Master General would take every step in his Power 
 to furnish such Trains as may from time to time be 
 necessary for the transporting the Stores and Baggage 
 of the Army without the Loss of time. 
 
 The Execution of Peter Pickman Frye is further 
 suspended to Thursday the twenty fourth Instant. 
 
37 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, ii July, 1777. 
 Parole, Preston. C. Sign, Romney. 
 
 Great Attention should be paid to the State of the 
 Arms. They should always be kept as neat and clean 
 as possible. They should ever be the Pride of a Sol- 
 dier, but the officers must see to it, or it will be too 
 much neglected. Whenever any of the Arms are out 
 of order, they should be sent to the Armourers and 
 be repaired immediately. Publick Armourers are ap- 
 pointed for that purpose. 
 
 The Dep'ty Barrack Master at Cambridge will im- 
 mediately apply to the Regiments there for four Men 
 who have had the Small Pox, which he is to send to 
 Prospect Hill, where they are to be employ'd in cleans- 
 ing the Barracks which have been infected with the 
 Small Pox. Col. Greaton's, Putnam's, Alden's, and 
 Nixon's Regiments having been ordered from Peeks 
 Kill to Albany, the officers and men belonging to 
 them when they march, are to take that Rout in order 
 to join them at the last mentioned Place.* 
 
 * " General Schuyler is at Fort Edward, with about twelve hundred 
 regular troops and some militia. I have ordered the men belonging 
 to Putnam's, Greaton's, Alden's, and Nixon's regiments, who, you say, 
 are on their march, to join him as quick as possible, as the remainder 
 of their regiments are there. ' This reinforcement is all that could pos- 
 sibly be spared, under our present circumstances. As there never was 
 so pressing an occasion for troops, I entreat you will hurry on those re- 
 maining in your State with all possible despatch. Let those intended 
 for the northern array steer towards Albany, near which place they 
 will find General Schuyler endeavoring to form an army. Those whose 
 regiments are at Peekskill are still to go to that place." Washington 
 to Major- General Heath, 13 July, 1777. 
 
38 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 12 July, 1777 
 Parole, Salisbury. C. Sign, Trenton. 
 
 The Dep'ty Commissary General is to issue the 
 Men's Rations from this Day until further Orders as 
 follows, vizt, 
 
 I lb. Flour or Bread 1 
 
 \y2 lb. Beef, or 18 oz. Pork I f man f Day. 
 
 I Quart of Beer J 
 
 5 pints of Pease "i 
 
 I pint of Meal i ^ Man f week. 
 
 6 oz. Butter J 
 
 6 lb. Candles '^ 100 men "^ week for Guards. 
 
 8 lb. Soap '^ 100 men '^ week. 
 
 I Jill of Rum '^ Man each Day on Fatigue. 
 Vinegar occasionally. For such Articles as cannot 
 be procured the Commissary is to pay Money in Lieu 
 thereof, agreable to the established Rules in the 
 Army. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 14 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Uxbridge. Countersign, Welcome. 
 As it is essentially necessary that every Regiment 
 should dailey have the General Orders, strict attention 
 is to be paid thereto. An Adjutant or Serjeant Major 
 from each [regiment] is statedly to attend for that pur- 
 pose at Orderly time. The Regiments at Cambridge 
 may do it in Rotation. Adj'. Edwards of Col. Lee's 
 
 Regiment 
 
39 
 
 Regiment will keep a Roll of this Duty and see that 
 it is perform'd. The Orders are to be carried to his 
 Quarters, where the Adjutants or Sergeant Majors are 
 to apply and take them. They are also dailey to re- 
 ceive the Details of Guards for their respective Regi- 
 ments at the same place, and are to furnish their men 
 accordingly. John Gooch and John Hopkins, Esq", 
 are appointed Assistant Dep'ty Qr. Master Generals. 
 They are to be respected and obeyed as such. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 15 July, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Xenophon. C. Sign, . 
 
 Col. H. Jackson will order so many Men from his 
 Regiment to assist the well-diggers as may be neces- 
 sary ; and as the strength of his Regiment will admit 
 of it, he will order a Number of Men properly to form 
 and dress the steps of the Banquet, where it is neces- 
 sary, and such other small Repairs as they may be 
 able to execute. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 16 July, 1777. 
 It is with astonishment that the General hears of 
 numbers of soldiers deserting the Northern Army on 
 their late Retreat from Ticonderoga, and that they are 
 now strolling through the Country to their respective 
 Homes. A conduct so dastardly in itself and fraught 
 with the greatest mischief to the Public Cause, by dis- 
 heartening 
 
40 
 
 heartening the brave who are left in the Field to face 
 the Enemy deserted by their Comrades, calls for im- 
 mediate and exemplary Punishment. The General 
 therefore in the most earnest manner calls upon the 
 officers of every Rank to exert their utmost endeavors 
 to apprehend all such Soldiers as have left the North- 
 ern Army without a written Pass or Furlough, signed 
 by some General officer in that army, and that they be 
 careful to avoid Impositions; and that they be con- 
 fined at the Main Guard in order for Tryal for such an 
 atrocious Crime. 
 
 If Col. H. Jackson has in his Regiment six or eight 
 men who are acquainted with the making of Cartridges, 
 they are immediately to be employed in making a num- 
 ber of a proper size for the French Arms. 
 
 A Special General Court Martial to set to-morrow 
 Morning at nine o'clock, for a Trial of a number of 
 Soldiers who have deserted from the Northern Army. 
 
 Col. M. Jackson, President. 
 
 Col. Lee, Capt. King, Capt. Drew, 
 
 Lt. Col. Colman, Capt. Eddy, Capt. Dolliver, 
 
 Major Swasey, Capt. Allen, Capt. Carr, 
 
 Capt. Orne, Capt. Holden Lt. Frye, 
 
 Members. 
 
 Capt. Cartwright, Judge Advocate, Adj't Carew to 
 attend the Court. The Adjutants immediately to no- 
 tify such members as belong to their respective Regi- 
 ments, and if it should happen that any of the before 
 
 mentioned 
 
41 
 
 mentioned members cannot be found, others are to be 
 put on in their stead— Care to be taken that they be 
 commissioned. 
 
 Cambridge, i6 July, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders* 
 The Commanding officer orders that every non- 
 commissioned officer and soldier shall statedly attend 
 at Roll calling at five o'clock in the morning and five 
 in the afternoon, and at such other Times as shall be 
 ordered, and the Sergeant Major make a return of all 
 who shall absent themselves therefrom, who shall be 
 immediately sent under Guard and held 'till they be 
 tried by a Regimental Court Martial. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 17 July, 1777. 
 If any Deserters should be sent to the Guard or 
 Goal in Cambridge, they are as soon as possible to be 
 sent to the main Guard in this Place. The Adjutant or 
 Serg'. Major of the Day at Cambridge is daily when 
 he comes for the Orders to bring with him a Return of 
 the number of militia men that are in Quarters at that 
 Place, who are rendezvousing there in order to form a 
 Guard for the Stores. This Return is to be obtained 
 
 * Unless otherwise stated, the Regimental orders apply to Col. W. R. 
 Lee's Regiment, 
 
 from 
 
42 
 
 from the Dep'ty Barrack Master, and is not to be 
 omitted. As soon as a sufficient number to form a 
 Guard are at the Rendezvous they are to be sent to 
 their Post. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i8 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Levant. C. Sign, Moylan. 
 
 James Welsh, Joshua Lane, George Richey, Stephen 
 Kenroy,* Thos. Gookin, John Conway, and Edward 
 Hagen, soldiers in Col. Marshall's Regiment, tried at 
 the General Court Martial whereof Col. Alden is Pres- 
 ident, accused with deserting from their Regiment on 
 the late Retreat from Ticonderoga. No Evidence ap- 
 pearing against the Prisoners, the Court, after Exami- 
 nation recommended that they be sent to their Regi- 
 ment in Irons. The General approves the opinion of 
 the Court, and orders that the Prisoners be sent to 
 their Regiment immediately under a strong Guard.f 
 
 The General in the most express and positive Terms 
 
 * Or Kenney. 
 
 f " I hope the number of desertions from the Northern army at and 
 since the retreat from Ticonderoga, will not be so great as was at first 
 feared that they would be. About ten or a dozen only have as yet 
 been apprehended and sent back under Guard, eight of them in irons, 
 which was the sentence of a General Court Martial. The utmost en- 
 deavors are used to apprehend any others who may have been guilty 
 of the same scandalous conduct ; but I hope the immediate and spirited 
 measures that have been taken in this respect will prevent any thing of 
 the kind in future." Heath to Washington, 23 July, 1777. 
 
 directs 
 
43 
 
 directs a punctual Compliance with the Orders of the 
 fourteenth Instant respecting the daily Attendance of 
 the Adjutants or Serg'. Major for the Orders. He is 
 sorry that there is any occasion for again mentioning 
 this matter. He hopes that no further occasion will 
 make such Steps his incumbent Duty as will be disa- 
 greeble both to himself and others. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 19 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Normandy. C. Sign, Overing. 
 
 The men belonging to Col. Alden's Regiment hav- 
 ing this morning been ordered from the Guard at the 
 Innoculating Hospital on Prospect Hill, the Remain- 
 der of that Guard belonging to Col. Bigelow's Regi- 
 ment, with four Invalids that will be sent from Col. Al- 
 den's Regiment, together with the Convalescents will 
 supply the necessary Centinels until further Orders. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 20 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Pumpton. C. Sign, Ridley. 
 
 Col. H. Jackson will order a Serjeant, Corporal 
 and twelve men from his Regiment to relieve the 
 Main Guard to Morrow Morning at nine o'clock. The 
 officer of the New Guard will be very careful to 
 receive the orders for the Guard and Centinels from 
 the officer of the old Guard, Colonel Jackson will re- 
 Number 
 
44 
 
 lieve this Guard on Tuesday Morning with the same 
 Number of Men. Lieut. Holmes of Capt. Burton's 
 Company will march the men belonging to that Com- 
 pany to Boston this Evening or to Morrow Morning 
 where they are to take Quarters until further Orders, 
 Sergt. Adams, of Col. Marshall's Regiment, is Imme- 
 diately to repair to Cambridge and take the Command 
 of nine of the militia men who have been draughted to 
 guard the Stores, if that number is already at the Ren- 
 dezvous. If there are not so many as Nine, he will 
 march so many as there are and relieve the Guard be- 
 longing to Col. Lee's Regiment, who are guarding the 
 Provision Store at Little Cambridge. Sergt. Adams 
 is to remain with his Detachment as a Guard for the 
 before mentioned Stores untill further Orders. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, July 21, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Saratoga. C. Sign, Taunton. 
 
 As the time for which the Detachment under the 
 Command of Major Symmes was engaged to do duty 
 expired this Morning, the General thanks the Officers 
 and Soldiers for their regular and soldier like Behav- 
 iour during the time of their doing duty. Lieut. 
 Holmes will mount the Guard at the Magazine from 
 the Men belonging to Capt. Burton's Company until 
 further Orders. 
 
45 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 22 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Venice. C. Sign, Washington. 
 
 A Court of Enquiry to set on Thursday Morning 
 next at nine o'clock at Capt. Marston's Tavern, to en- 
 quire into the conduct of Capt. Robert Allen, of Col. 
 Alden's Regiment, charged with selling cloathing be- 
 longing to the Continental Army. Col. H. Jackson, 
 President, Lt. Col. Tudor, Lt. Col. Smith, Majr. Bra- 
 dish, Major Tyler, Members. Those concerned to 
 attend the Court. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 23 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Alderton. Countersign, Barnstable. 
 
 The Execution of Peter Pickman Frye which was 
 to have been to-morrow is further suspended untill 
 Thursday the seventh of August next. 
 
 Col. H. Jackson will immediately order a sentry to 
 be posted at the Provision Store at Dorchester, and 
 regularly relieved until further Orders. As the Provi- 
 sions are sent over this Day, particular attention must 
 be paid thereto. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 24 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Edinburgh. C. Sign, Fingal. 
 
 The Commanding Officer of every detachment that 
 may hereafter march to join their respective Regiments, 
 in the Southern or Northern Army, are to apply for 
 
 and 
 
46 
 
 and draw twenty four Rounds of Cartridges '^ man 
 for the Detachment. The Ammunition is not to be 
 delivered to the men, but carefully put up and carried 
 with the Baggage which will prevent a waste or loss 
 of it, and if occasion should make it necessary it is to 
 be immediately delivered to the men.* Every man in- 
 listed into the Continental Army belonging to either 
 of the Battalions designed to the Southern or North- 
 ern Army, are immediately to be arm'd, equipt and 
 sent out to join their respective Regiments. The 
 Urgency of the Service makes a Repitition of this 
 Order necessary. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 25 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Golphin. C. Sign, Hancock. 
 
 The Court whereof Col. H. Jackson was President 
 appointed to inquire into the Conduct of Capt. Robert 
 Allen, of Col. Alden's Regiment, charged with selling 
 Clothing belonging to the Continental Army, having 
 reported that after a thorough Investigation the Court 
 are of Opinion that the charge against Capt. Allen is 
 supported, the General desires that Col. Alden imme- 
 diately order Capt. Allen under Arrest. 
 
 * " Let every party that you send off be fully supplied with ammuni. 
 tion, which should be delivered to the officers, and carried with their 
 baggage. If it is put into the cartouchboxes, it will probably be dam- 
 aged by weather before they arrive at the place of destination." 
 Washington to Major-General Heath, 13 July, 1777. 
 
 A General 
 
47 
 
 A General Court Martial to set to-morrow morning 
 at nine o'clock for the Trial of Capt. Allen charged 
 with selling cloathing belonging to the Continental 
 Army. 
 
 Col. M. Jackson, President. 
 Col. Lee, Capt. Carr,|| Capt. Pilsbury,tt 
 
 Major Swasey,* Capt. Dolliver,§ Capt. Ellis, 
 Capt. King.t Capt. Wadsworth,Tf Capt. Langdon,tJ: 
 Capt. Drew,J Capt. Orne,** Lieut. Perkins.||l| 
 
 Members. 
 
 The Adjutant of the Respective Regiments to notify 
 the members immediately. All Evidences and Per- 
 sons concerned to attend the Court, and two Orderly 
 Sergeants from Col. Henry Jackson's Regiment. 
 
 •Joseph Swasey. f Samuel King. J Seth Drew. 
 
 I Samuel Carr. § Peter Dolliver. ^ Joseph Wadsworth. 
 
 ** Joshua Orne, who resigned his commission October I, 1778, from 
 " the suspicion I have of there not being occasion for the continuance 
 of so large a proportion of officers as have been employ'd, and from an 
 increase of the necessity from my more than hitherto experienc'd pecu- 
 liar situation." He was then a captain in the regiment commanded by 
 Lt. Col. Wm. S. Smith, 
 
 ■|-f Daniel (?) Pilsbury, afterward paymaster in the 13th Regiment. 
 
 }:J John Langdon, a captain in Col. Henry Jackson's regiment. He 
 resigned his commission September, 1778, because of the insufficiency 
 of pay. 
 
 J I James Perkins, n. lieutenant in Col. Timothy Bigelow's regiment. 
 
48 
 
 Cambridge, 25 July, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 A Regimental Court Martial to sit this morning at 
 ten o'clock for the Trial of such Prisoners as shall be 
 brought before them. Capt. Orne, President, Lieut. 
 Woolsey, Lt. Brown,* Ensign Lovellf and Ensign 
 Hill,I Members. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 26 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Jenkins. C. Sign, Kent. 
 
 The Deputy Commissary General will take particu- 
 lar Care that the Guards posted at the several public 
 Stores for the Protection thereof, be supplied with 
 Provisions, and the Dep'ty Quartermaster General 
 that they are furnished with Quarters, Fuel and Camp 
 Utensils. There is to be an Addition of two Guards 
 to the List which has been given out already, vizt. 
 one at Springfield and the other at Brookfield. The 
 Dep'ty Quarter Master General will cause an exact 
 account to be kept and a particular valuation made of 
 all materials whether old or new that may be ready 
 whenever it may be called for. 
 
 Cambridge, 26 July, i tj"]. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 Henry Greenleaf, a Soldier tried at the Regimental 
 
 * John Brown. \ James Lovell. \ Philemon Hill. 
 
 Court 
 
49 
 
 Court Martial whereof Capt. Orne is President, for 
 Disobedience of Regimental Orders, the Prisoner 
 pleading Ignorance of the Orders, the Court are of 
 opinion that he be released from his Confinement, re- 
 turn to his Duty and that the Order be forthwith read 
 to him to prevent any farther excuse. 
 
 William Wilton, a Soldier tried at the same Court 
 Martial for Disobedience of Regimental Orders and 
 Neglect of Duty, the Prisoner pleading Guilty, the 
 Court are of opinion that he be severely reprimanded 
 at the Head of the Regiment and humbly ask Pardon 
 of the Commanding Officer and forthwith return to his 
 Duty. 
 
 The Commanding Officer approves the before going 
 Judgments of the Court Martial and orders that they 
 be put in Execution at Roll calling this Day. 
 
 The Regimental Court Martial whereof Capt. Orne 
 is President is dissolved. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 27 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Kingston* C. Sign, Laticaster. 
 
 The General Court Martial which was to have sit 
 yesterday for the Trial of Capt. Allen is to sit on 
 Tuesday next at nine o'clock A. M., of which the 
 Members named in the Order of the 25th Inst, are 
 desired to take due Notice and give punctual attend- 
 ance. 
 
 * In another book this is given Kensington. 
 
 4 An 
 
50 
 
 An Escort for a Quantity of Powder and Arms is 
 to be ready to march on Tuesday Morning. It is to 
 be furnished from Col. Alden's and Wigglesworth's * 
 Regiments. The Officers of these Regiments will 
 please to have the Men in Readiness. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 28 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Martin. C. Sign, Norton. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 29 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Olive. C. Sign, Palmer. 
 
 The Regiments at Cambridge are to march, a 
 Guard consisting of one Corporal and three Men at 
 the Barracks lately improved as Innoculating Hospi- 
 tals on Prospect Hill untill the Utensils are removed 
 and the Barracks properly secured. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 30 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Query. C. Sign, Rawson. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 31 July, 1777. 
 Parole, Salmon. C. Sign, Trumbull. 
 
 Capt. Robert Allen, of Col. Alden's Regiment, tried 
 at the General Court Martial, whereof Col. M. Jack- 
 * Edward Wigglesworth. 
 
 son 
 
51 
 
 son is President, for having sold Cloathing belonging 
 to the Continental Army. Capt. Allen being heard 
 acknowledges he had drawn cloathing from the Conti- 
 nental Stores for three Soldiers who were well cloathed 
 for the service, to whom he paid six pounds each which 
 they prefered to receiving the Cloathing, whereupon ig- 
 norantly and innocently supposing the Cloathing then 
 became his own Property, he exposed them to sale at 
 Public Auction. 
 
 The Court are of opinion that Capt. Allen is guilty 
 of having ignorantly sold Continental Cloathing with- 
 out an order for the purpose in Violation and Breach 
 of part of Article 1st in Section I2th of the Rules and 
 Regulations for the Government of the Continental 
 Army, and after mature Consideration and Enquiry 
 into the former Conduct and Behaviour of Capt. Allen, 
 finding his character has heretofore been irreproach- 
 able, the Court unanimously recommend him to the 
 Lenity of the General. 
 
 The General approves the opinion of the Court and 
 orders that Capt. Allen immediately make full satis- 
 faction to the Continental Agents of cloathing for the 
 Cloaths which he sold, and admonishes Capt. Allen to 
 a circumspect Behaviour and strict attention to the 
 Regulations of the Army in future, and being satisfied 
 with his general good character as an officer, and that 
 his Error in this Instance was Ignorance in that par- 
 ticular in which he transgress'd, remits any further 
 Punishment pointed out by the Regulations for such 
 offences and orders Capt. Allen released from arrest. 
 
 The 
 
52 
 
 The Court report Capt. Drew, Capt. Wadsvvorth, 
 Capt. Ellis, Capt. Langdon, and Lieut. Perkins, ordered 
 as members on the General Court Martial, for not at- 
 tending and thereby detaining the Court. As nothing 
 more characterizes a good officer than a strict and 
 punctual attention to orders, without which it is im- 
 possible that Duty be seasonably or properly per- 
 form'd, the General cannot omit, and he does expli- 
 citly call upon the before mentioned officers immedi- 
 ately to render the Reasons of such their neglect, and 
 hopes from the opinion he has of them that they will 
 be able to do it in such a manner as to satisfy both 
 him and the Court, and the General recommends to 
 all a strict attention to Duty as they regard their own 
 Honor and the Public Weal. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i August, 1777. 
 
 The abstracts for the Pay of the Troops posted in 
 this State are to be presented monthly for Payment, 
 those for the Month of July, or for whatever Pay may 
 be due before that time are to be given in as soon as 
 possible that the Troops may have the advantage and 
 encouragement of the seasonable and regular Payment 
 of their Wages. 
 
 The necessary Preparations are to be immediately 
 made for the muster of the Troops for the month of 
 August. Each Battalion must be mustered by com- 
 panies. Capt. Langdon has given satisfactory Reasons 
 
 for 
 
53 
 
 for not being able to attend General Court Martial for 
 the Trial of Capt. Allen. 
 
 The Arms and Accoutrements of the men are to be 
 immediately inspected, and at least twenty four Rounds 
 of Cartridges ready to be delivered to them. The men 
 are to keep near their Quarters, that they may be 
 ready to march if called for. The Magazine Guard at 
 Charlestown is to be doubled at Night. In Case of 
 alarm Col. Lee's Regiment is to have their alarm post 
 at the Magazine and Ordnance Store divided equally 
 to each, Capt. Burton's Company in the Fort on Fort 
 Hill. Col. Jackson will double the Guards at Dor- 
 chester Heights at Night, reducing them in the morn- 
 ing. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 2 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Albany. C. Sign, Bailey. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 3 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Cambridge. C. Sign, Dorchester. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 4 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Exeter. C. Sign, France. 
 
 The Barrack Master instead of drawing Provisions 
 twice a week for the Provisions at the Main Guard is 
 untill further Orders to draw daily. 
 
54 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 5 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Gridley. C. Sign, Hancock. 
 
 Col. H. Jackson is to send a Sergeant, Corporal and 
 twelve men to morrow morning at nine o'clock to 
 mount the Guard at the Fort on Fort Hill (Boston). 
 They are to be daily relieved by the like number from 
 the same Regiment. Untill further Orders the doub- 
 ling the Guards at Dorchester and at the Magazine at 
 Charlestown nightly as directed by the Order of the 
 first Instant may be omitted. All Guards and Centi- 
 nels to be vigilant and valiant. 
 
 The General Court Martial which was to have set 
 this Day is to sit on Thursday next at nine of the 
 clock, at Capt. Marston's Tavern. All Persons con- 
 cerned to pay due attention. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 7 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Lenox. C. Sign, Mandrake. 
 
 The General thanks the officers and soldiers of the 
 several Companies in the Boston Regiment who have 
 lately in Rotation voluntarily turn'd out to mount 
 necessary Guards. The Appearance and Behaviour of 
 all the Companies has done them Honour. Captain 
 Davis and the Light Company have justly merited 
 particular applause. 
 
 The Execution of Peter Pickman Frye which was 
 to have been this Day, is suspended untill Thursday 
 the twenty first Instant. 
 
 Lieut. 
 
55 
 
 Lieut. Holmes is to mount the Magazine Guard 
 untill further Orders. 
 
 Col. H. Jackson is to sit "on the General Court 
 Martial to morrow in the room of Col. Lee, who is ex- 
 cused on special Business, and Majr Curtis in the room 
 of Major Swasey. The members are desired to give 
 punctual and seasonable attendance. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 8 August, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Moses. Countersign, Nimrod. 
 
 A Fatigue Party consisting of one Subaltern, one 
 Sergeant and eighteen Men, for the Purpose of cutting 
 Fire Wood are to be immediately detach'd from Col. 
 Lee's and Col. H. Jackson's Regiments, six from the 
 former and twelve from the latter. They are to be 
 Men acquainted with the Business, they will be allowed 
 eight pence ^ cord for cutting, over and above their 
 ordinary Pay. Col. Lee and Jackson will agree upon 
 a proper Subaltern and Sergeant as will best promote 
 the service and accommodate their respective Regi- 
 ments. This Detachment will remain on this Duty 
 untill further Orders. The Adjutants will Report as 
 soon as the Detachment is completed. Fifteen Days' 
 Provision is to be drawn for the Party. The Dep'ty 
 Qr. Master General will furnish them with four Tents 
 which are to be used with great Care. 
 
56 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 9 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Oxford. C. Sign, Parsons. 
 
 John Steward, a soldier in Col. H. Jackson's Regi- 
 ment, tried at the General Court Martial, whereof Col. 
 Alden is President, for Desertion, and Sam'. Orr, of 
 the same Regiment, tried at the same General Court 
 Martial for disobeying orders, refusing to do his duty 
 and threatening to stab a Serjeant of the Regiment. 
 
 The Court finding John Steward guilty of Desertion 
 sentence him to receive one hundred lashes well laid 
 on his naked Back, to be returned to his Regiment and 
 half his pay to be detained monthly until the necessary 
 expences for apprehending and securing him are paid. 
 
 The Court sentence Saml Orr, guilty of disobeying 
 orders, to receive thirty-nine lashes on his naked Back. 
 
 The General approves the two foregoing sentences 
 and orders them to be put in Execution at the Head 
 of the Regiment and that the Prisoners join the Regi- 
 ment and do their duty and that a stoppage of half 
 Steward's pay be made untill the necessary expences 
 for apprehending of him &c. be paid. 
 
 Capt. King, Lt. Hawkes * and Lt. Lincoln,t reported 
 by the Court for not attending their Duty, were since 
 the adjournment ordered on other service and conse- 
 quently excusable, but ought to have certified the Court 
 thereof It remains for Capt. Randall and Lt. Sturte- 
 vantj to give the Reasons of their neglect. Col. M. 
 
 * William Hawkes. \ John lyincoln. \ Isaac Sturlevant. 
 
 Jackson 
 
57 
 
 Jackson is excused from attending the Court until fur- 
 ther orders on account of his Heahh. 
 
 All the Recruits in Quarters belonging to those 
 Regiments that have already march'd are to be Equipt 
 and got ready to march by Tuesday morning next. 
 They are to form one Detachment, and are to guard 
 the Deserters to Albany. Care is to be taken by the 
 officers of the Regiments to which the Prisoners re- 
 spectively belong that they be prepared to march also. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, io August, 1777. 
 Parole, Randall. C. Sign, Stevens. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, ii August, 1777. 
 Parole, Uxbridge. C. Sign, Walpole. 
 
 Cambridge, ii August, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 A Regimental Court Martial to sit to Morrow Morn- 
 ing at nine o'clock for the trial of Henry Greenleaf 
 and Saml Horton now under guard. 
 
 Capt. Hastings, President. 
 Lieut. Hawkes, 1 Members | Lt. Brown, 
 Lt. Woolsey, J I Ensign Lovell. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 12 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Xerxes. • C. Sign, Yorick. 
 
58 
 
 Cambridge, 12 August, 1777. 
 
 Henry Greenleaf a soldier in Capt. Brown's Com- 
 pany and Saml. Horton, a soldier in Capt. Orne's 
 Company, tried at the Regimental Court Martial 
 whereof Capt. Hastings is President, for imposing an 
 order on the Commissary for Rum which they had no 
 Right to — the Court are of Opinion that the Prisoners 
 are Accomplices in the Crime and adjudges that they 
 receive thirty Lashes each well laid on on the naked 
 Back except they discover the Person who forged the 
 Order. The Commanding Officer approves the Sen- 
 tence and orders it to take place this afternoon at six 
 o'clock at No. 2. 
 
 After Orders. 
 
 The Prisoners being brought at the Head of the 
 Regiment, upon Sentence being read, Henry Green- 
 leaf appealed to the Judgment of a General Court 
 Martial — and Horton professing sorrow for his offence 
 and having before been guilty of no other offence, the 
 Commanding officer remits his punishment and orders 
 him to join his Regiment and duly attend his Duty. 
 He grants Greenleaf liberty of appeal and remands 
 him under Guard. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 13 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Alden. C. Sign, Biddle. 
 
 As the General Court Martial stands adjourned to 
 to Morrow Morning nine o'clock, the Members are de- 
 sired 
 
59 
 
 sired to give a seasonable and punctual attendance. 
 Capt. Randall has given satisfactory Reasons for his 
 not sitting on the General Court Martial on Friday 
 last. 
 
 Cambridge, 13 August, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 Henry Greenleaf who was tried at a Regimental 
 Court Martial and sentenced to receive thirty Lashes 
 and appeal'd to a General Court Martial as mentioned 
 in the Orders of yesterday, having since desired liberty 
 to withdraw his appeal, the Commanding officer grants 
 him the Liberty and upon the Prisoner's promising 
 better Behaviour for the future and asking Pardon of 
 the Commissary, the officers of the Regiment in gen- 
 eral and Capt. Orne in particular, he remits the Pun- 
 ishment and orders Greenleaf to join the Regiment 
 and duly attend his Duty — The Commanding officer 
 wishing always to avoid inflicting Corporal Punish- 
 ment hopes this will be a warning to all not to trans- 
 gress for the future. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 14 August, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Cambray. C. Sign, Dexter. 
 
 Lieut. Holmes is to mount a Guard of a Corporal 
 
 and three men from Capt. Burton's Company as a 
 
 Guard for the Fire wood at Hall's wharf untill further 
 
 orders. 
 
 The 
 
6o 
 
 The Soldiers are to quarter in the Barracks, they 
 are not to be allowed to scatter in private Houses, no 
 fuel is to be delivered to any Soldiers who are not 
 quartered in the Barracks. There has of lale been a 
 Remissness in taking the orders for the Troops at 
 Cambridge. Punctuality is insisted on. Delinquents 
 are to be reported. 
 
 Complaint has been made of some abuse being of- 
 fered to some inhabitants. All abuse must be care- 
 fully prevented. Order and Regularity must be the 
 Characteristick of those engaged in the noble Ameri- 
 can Cause, the wonder of the age. 
 
 The General Court Martial which was to have set 
 this Day is adjourn'd to Tuesday next at 9 o'clock 
 a. m., of which all concerned will take due notice. 
 Lieut. Sturtevant has given satisfactory Reasons for 
 his not sitting on the Court on Friday last. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 15 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Effingham. Countersign, Gates. 
 
 The General directs that the Dep'ty Commissary 
 General in issuing the Flour to the Troops, deliver to 
 them one-half old and the other new untill further or- 
 ders, as he is determined that the Troops shall be well 
 supplied and that strict attention shall be paid to their 
 Health. 
 
6i 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i6 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Hadley. C. Sign,/<?«^j. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 17 August, 1777. 
 
 Capt. Cartwright,* Capt. Jarvisf and Capt. Jones.J of 
 Col. H. Jackson's Regiment, are appointed a Commit- 
 tee of Survey whose Duty it is upon any complaint 
 being made to them of Provisions being offered to be 
 issued to the Troops by the Dep'ty Commissary Gen- 
 eral, that are bad or unfit for use, to repair to the 
 Store and survey such Provisions so offered or de- 
 sign'd to be delivered, and if upon survey thereof, ex- 
 ercising their best discretion for the Interest of the 
 United States and Justice to the Troops it shall appear 
 that any of the Provisions are bad and unfit for use, to 
 condemn them as such, marking the Cask so con- 
 demn'd, reporting the number, the species, and the 
 marks. 
 
 The Committee at 8 o'clock to-morrow morning are 
 to repair to the Commissary's Store in Boston and 
 survey such flour as may be shown to them, after 
 which they are to repair to Watertown and survey a 
 quantity at that Place, and as soon as the Service is 
 perform'd, make Report. 
 
 * Thomas Cartwright. \ Nathaniel Jarvis. \ James Jones. 
 
62 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i8 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Moliere. C. Sign, Nichols. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 19 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Washington. C. Sign, Lee. 
 
 As the officers have now a peculiar opportunity for 
 forming their Regiments, disciplining and instructing 
 the men in the whole minutia of their Duty, the Gen- 
 eral desires a strict attention thereto. Such a Con- 
 duct will not fail to ensure Honor to the officers, and 
 at the same time render their Country the most essen- 
 tial service. The Diet and Cleanliness of the men, as 
 they greatly conduce to Health, are objects that claim 
 the attention of the officers. It is while 'the Troops 
 remain in Quarters that the Principles of Order and 
 Discipline are to be inculcated and made habitual. In 
 the Field the hurry, fatigue and oftentimes the de- 
 tached and scattered state of a Regiment afford few or 
 no opportunities for disciplining the men. 
 
 Cambridge, 19 August, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 The Commanding Officer is sorry to have occasion 
 to call upon the officers who are in Camp in Orders to 
 give their attendance with the Regiment at Roll call- 
 ing and other times, when he thought verbally desiring 
 them so to do would have been sufficient. 
 
63 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 20 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Oliver Cromwell. C. Sign, Pmvell. 
 
 The General Court Martial whereof Lt. Col. Tudor 
 was President, which stands adjourned to Tuesday 
 next, is dissolved. 
 
 A special General Court Martial to sit on Friday 
 morning next at nine o'clock for the trial of such Pris- 
 oners as may be brought before them. 
 
 Col. M. Jackson, President 
 Col. Lee, Capt. Drew, Capt. Marshall, 
 
 Col. H. Jackson, Capt. Carr, Capt. Holden, 
 
 Major Swasey, Capt. Allen, Capt. Wadsworth, 
 
 Major Trescott,* Capt. Dolliver, Ensign White. 
 
 The Adjutants are to take particular care that such 
 members as belong to their respective Regiments are 
 seasonably notified. 
 
 The General congratulates the Army on the signal 
 success lately obtained over the Enemy near Benning- 
 ton by the militia under the command of Brigadier 
 Stark. Four Brass Field Pieces and four or five hun- 
 dred Prisoners have been taken from the Enemy. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 21 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Simmonds. C. Sign, Stark. 
 
 Adj'. Dunckerlyt to Attend the General Court Mar- 
 tial to morrow. Complaint has been made of Gardens 
 
 * Lemuel Trescott. f Joseph Dunckerly. 
 
 being 
 
64 
 
 being pillaged hy the soldiery in Cambridge. As ma- 
 rauding and pillaging are a disgrace to an army and 
 commonly bring on the soldiery the imprecations of 
 the injured Inhabitants, the General desires the utmost 
 Exertions of the officers of all Ranks to put a stop to 
 those Practices, which are both injurious and disgrace- 
 ful. The Quarter-Masters of the several Regiments 
 before they present their provision returns to the Com- 
 missary in order to their drawing Provisions are to 
 have the Return certified by the Barrack Master. As 
 some of the members appointed to sit on the General 
 Court Martial to morrow by yesterday's orders are ab- 
 sent, Capt. Pilsbury and Capt. Varnum* are appointed 
 members. They are to attend accordingly. 
 
 The execution of Peter Pickman Frye, which was to 
 have been this day, is suspended until Thursday, the 
 fifth day of September next. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 22 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Victory. C. Sign, Bennington. 
 
 The General again congratulates the Army on the 
 signal success obtained by the Troops under the Com- 
 mand of General Starke on the i6th Ins', near Ben- 
 nington, in which about two hundred of the Enemy 
 were kill'd and seven hundred taken Prisoners with 
 very little Loss on our Side. Our Troops behaved 
 with the greatest Spirit and Bravery. 
 
 * James Varnum. 
 
65 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 23 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Concord. C. Sign, Danvers. 
 
 All Recruits now in Quarters at the Rendezvous of 
 either of the fifteen Battalions which have march'd 
 from the State of Massachusetts Bay, are to be prop- 
 erly arm'd, equipt and ready to march on Tuesday 
 Morning next. They are to be formed into one De- 
 tachment. The Commanding Officer is to apply to 
 Head-Quarters for Orders. If any Recruits are absent 
 they are to be ordered in immediately. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 25 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Gates. C. Sign, Hakerman. 
 
 Elijah Woodward, alias Josiah Williams, a Soldier 
 belonging to Col. Knapp's Company in Col. Shep- 
 herd's Regiment, tried at the General Court Martial 
 whereof Col. Mich'. Jackson is President, for Deser- 
 tion and inlisting into Col. H. Jackson's Regiment. 
 
 The Court after duly attending and maturely delib- 
 erating on the Evidence, do find the Prisoner guilty of 
 a Violation and Breach of the first and third Articles 
 of the sixth Section of the Rules and Regulations for 
 the Continental Forces. The Court having examined 
 the Records of the Court Martial and finding the Pris- 
 oner has repeatedly and by various Names inlisted in 
 different Regiments and has been often an Offender in 
 the like Instance as the present, and that he has been 
 5 lately 
 
66 
 
 lately punished by Decree of a Court in Boston ; the 
 Court also discovering by a very cautious and strict 
 Enquiry that the Prisoner's former Character and 
 Conduct has been that of an incorrigible Villain, do 
 sentence the said Elijah Woodward, alias Josiah Wil- 
 liams to suffer Death by being shot. 
 
 The General approves the Sentence and orders it to 
 be put into Execution on Thursday, the eleventh Day 
 of September next between the Hours of eight and 
 eleven o'clock in the morning, on the Bottom of the 
 Common in Boston by a Detachment from Col. Lee's, 
 Henley's, and Henry Jackson's Regiments. Adj' 
 Dunckerly to see the Sentence put in Execution. All 
 the Troops off Duty at Boston, Dorchester, Roxbury 
 and Cambridge to attend the Execution. 
 
 Col. Davis will immediately apply to the Dep'tj' 
 Commissary General of Provisions and draw fifteen 
 day's Allowance of Provisions and Fatigue Rum for 
 the Detachment cutting Fire Wood at Plymouth, 
 which is to be forwarded to that Place as soon as may 
 be. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 26 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Kingston. Countersign, Lancaster. 
 The Dep'ty Quarter Master General will immedi- 
 ately order the erecting a proper Stockade round the 
 Magazine of Provisions at Sudbury. If the Guard 
 House already built there is not sufficient to barrack 
 
 fifty 
 
67 
 
 fifty men, it is to be enlarged and made capable of 
 containing that Number. As soon as this Service is 
 performed at Sudbury, the same is to be done at the 
 Magazine at Sherburne. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 27 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Maiden. C. Sign, Nantasket. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 28 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Oxford. C. Sign, Parsons. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 29 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Roxbury. C. Sign, Salisbury. 
 
 James Ludd, a soldier belonging to Col. Shepherd's 
 Regiment, tried some time since at the General Court 
 Martial whereof Col. Alden was President for Deser- 
 tion. 
 
 The Court finding the Prisoner guilty of the Crime 
 alleged against him, sentence him to receive fifty 
 Lashes well laid on his naked Back and to forfeit for 
 the use of the Continent one half his share of all Prizes 
 taken by the Privateer or Privateers in which he was 
 engaged or concerned during his absence from his 
 Regiment. 
 
 The General approves the sentence and orders that 
 the whipping be inflicted to morrow Morning at 9 
 
 o'clock 
 
68 
 
 o'clock on the Common by the Drummers of Col. 
 Lee's and H. Jackson's Regiments, Adj't Carew to see 
 the sentence put in Execution. The General doubting 
 the Propriety of stopping the Prize money, does not 
 direct a stoppage thereof. In such Cases of absence 
 the mulct should be on the Wages after the Sentence 
 is performed. Ludd is to join Col. Shepherd's Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 As it will be more regular as well as convenient for 
 for the several Regiments to be mustered on some 
 Particular Day in each month, the General directs 
 that Col. H. Jackson's Regiment be mustered on the 
 first Monday, Col. Lee's on the first Wednesday, and 
 Co. Henley's on the first Friday at ten o'clock in the 
 morning in every Month until further Orders. 
 
 Cambridge, 29 August, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 
 A Regiment Court Martial to sit to morrow at the 
 house of Mr. Bradish at ten o'clock in the Morning for 
 the Trial of such Prisoners as may be brought before 
 them. 
 
 Capt. North,* President. 
 
 Lt. Hawkes, 1 ^^^bers | ^"^'^n Smith, 
 Lt. Brown, J J Ensign Hill. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 30 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Taunton. C. Sign, Venice. 
 
 * William North. 
 
69 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 31 August, 1777. 
 Parole, Wadsworih. C. Sign, Yorick, 
 
 Cambridge, 31 August, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 
 Henry Greenleaf, a Soldier in Capt. Brown's Com- 
 pany, tried at the Regimental Court Martial whereof 
 Capt. North is President for stealing money, — the 
 Court having maturely considered of the Matter are 
 unanimously of opinion that the Evidence is not of 
 sufficient force to condemn him. 
 
 Moses Stanford, a soldier in Capt. Hasting's Com- 
 pany tried at the same Court Martial for breaking his 
 furlough — the Court finding him guilty order him to 
 be mulcted one month's wages, that he be immediately 
 sworn, and join the Regiment. 
 
 The Commanding officer approves the Judgment of 
 the Court, and orders the officer who inlisted Stanford 
 to see that he is sworn and mustered without Delay, 
 and that the Prisoners be released from their confine- 
 ment. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i September, 1777. 
 Parole, Andover. C. Sign, Barclay. 
 
 The members of the General Court Martial who 
 have not been excused since the day of the Court's 
 sitting, are to give their punctual attendance to-mor- 
 row, to which time it stands adjourned. 
 
 Major 
 
70 
 
 Major Curtis and Capt. Varnum are appointed mem- 
 bers in the Room of two members who are excused. 
 
 All recruits now in Quarters belonging to either of 
 the Regiments doing Duty in the Northern Depart- 
 ment, are to be prepared for marching by Thursday 
 next. They are to be formed into one Detachment, 
 the Commanding officer will apply to Head-Quarters 
 for orders. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 2 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Chatham. C. Sign, Dunstan. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 3 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Dunstable. C. Sign, Exeter. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 4 September, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Staten Island. C. Sign, Sullivan. 
 
 Thomas Lake, a Soldier belonging to Col. Mar- 
 shall's Regiment, tried at the General Court Martial 
 whereof Col. Mich'. Jackson is President for Desertion 
 and inlisting several times, after a full Discussion the 
 Court find the Prisoner guilty of repeated Inlistments 
 and Desertions in Breach of the first and third articles 
 in the sixth section of the Rules and Regulations for 
 the Continental Army. Positive evidence abundantly 
 supports the charge, which is still further strengthened 
 by the concurring Testimony of Persons of unques- 
 tionable 
 
71 
 
 tionable Veracity, whose Information convinces the 
 Court that the Prisoner in addition to the Evidence 
 positive, heretofore has with impunity committed simi- 
 lar offences founded in Perjury and Robbery against 
 his God and his Country; the Court therefore sentence 
 the Prisoner Thomas Lake to be hanged by his neck 
 until he is dead. 
 
 The General approves the sentence, and orders it to 
 be put in Execution on Thursday the eighteenth of 
 September instant, between the Hours of eleven in the 
 Forenoon and one in the Afternoon at such Place as 
 shall be hereafter directed, all the Troops off Duty to 
 attend the Execution. Adjutant Edwards* to see the 
 sentence put into Execution. 
 
 The Execution of Peter Pickman Frye is suspended 
 untill Thursday the eleventh Instant at eleven o'clock 
 in the Forenoon. 
 
 A Guard consisting of a Corporal and three Men to 
 be sent immediately to Medford as a Guard to the 
 Continental Naval Store at that Place. They will 
 receive Directions from Benj^ Hall, Esq^ This Guard 
 is to be relieved alternately by Col. Lee's and Henley's 
 Regiments, and may be relieved daily, twice a week, 
 or once a week, as the Adjutants may agree. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 5 September, 1777. 
 
 Joseph Campbell, alias David Mitchell, a Soldier in 
 
 * Thomas Edwards. 
 
 Col. 
 
72 
 
 Col. Vose's Regiment, tried at the General Court 
 Martial whereof Col. Michl Jackson is President for 
 Desertion, inlisting a second time and changing his 
 name. 
 
 The Court find the Prisoner Campbell alias Mitchell 
 guilty of the Charge in Breach of the first and third 
 Articles of the sixth Section of Rules and Regulations 
 for the Continental Army, also guilty of perfidiously 
 changing his name, and robbing the Continent of a 
 Gun and Accoutrements, for which they sentence him 
 to receive one hundred lashes for each offence, to be 
 well laid on his naked Back, amounting in the whole 
 to three hundred lashes, and recommend that he be 
 turned over to some Continental Ship without the 
 Privilege of coming on Shore. 
 
 The General approves the sentence and orders it to 
 be put in Execution on Tuesday Morning next at 
 nine o'clock on the Common by the Drummers of 
 Col. Lee's and H. Jackson's Regiment. Adj' Carew 
 to see the sentence put in execution and that the Pris- 
 oner be sent to Capt. McNeil's ship, there to do Duty 
 until the Expiration of the Term for which he engaged 
 to serve in the Continental Army. The General is 
 just inform'd to his great Surprize that the Prisoner 
 the last Evening made his Escape from the Main 
 Guard. A strict Enquiry is to be made and if the 
 Sentry or any of the Guard are found culpable he or 
 they are immediately to be confined. It is very unac- 
 countable that so many Prisoners have escaped within 
 
 a few 
 
73 
 
 a few months past. Every Endeavour is to be exerted 
 to apprehend the before-mentioned Prisoner and a re- 
 ward of ten Dollars and all necessary expenses will be 
 paid to any Person who shall apprehend and send him 
 to the Main Guard. 
 
 John Carill, a soldier in Col. Marshall's Regiment, 
 tried at the same Court Martial for Absence from his 
 Regiment without Permission, the Court find the Pris- 
 oner guilty of Desertion and sentence him to receive 
 thirty nine Lashes on his naked Back. Several cir- 
 cumstances appearing much in favor of the Prisoner, 
 the Court unanimously recommend him to the Lenity 
 of the General. 
 
 The General approves the sentence, remits the Pun- 
 ishment and orders the Prisoner to take Capt. Mar- 
 shall's direction and join Capt. Marshall's Regiment. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 6 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Hadley. C. '^\%n, Jersey. 
 
 Jedediah Green, of Col. Crane's Regiment, tried at 
 the General Court Martial whereof Col. Mich'. Jackson 
 is President for Desertion, the Prisoner plead Guilty 
 and beg'd the Mercy of the Court. 
 
 The Court sentence Jedediah Green to receive fifty 
 stripes well laid on his naked Back, to join his Regi- 
 ment and half his pay each month to be stopped until 
 the necessary Charges of Recovering him for the Regi- 
 ment are paid. The Court are of opinion that as vile 
 
 characters 
 
74 
 
 characters tend to aggravate offences, so a well sup- 
 ported Reputation for good Behaviour should operate 
 to an alleviation of Punishment. Therefore the Court 
 unanimously in Consequence of Lieut. Bunnell's de- 
 claration and the Prisoner's appearance do recommend 
 him to the Mercy of the General for the Remission of 
 the stripes, and orders Green to join his Regiment and 
 stoppage of his Pay to be made and paid as directed 
 by the Court. 
 
 Benjamin Brazier, a soldier in Col. Alden's Regi- 
 ment, tried at the same General Court Martial for De- 
 sertion and inlisting into Col. Lee's Regiment — the 
 Court find the Prisoner guilty and sentence him to re- 
 ceive one hundred stripes for each offence, two hun- 
 dred in the whole, well laid on his naked Back, and 
 join Col. Alden's Regiment, half his Pay to be detained 
 each month till his last Bounty and the charges of ap- 
 prehending and securing him are fully paid. 
 
 The General approves the sentence and orders 
 Adj'. Carew to see it put in Execution on Wednesday 
 morning next at nine o'clock on the Common, by the 
 Drummers of Col. Lee's and Henry Jackson's Regi- 
 ment, and that the Prisoner join his Regiment ; the 
 stoppage of his Pay to be made and paid as directed 
 by the Court. Particular care is to be taken that the 
 guard sent to Medford constantly take their Provisions 
 with them. The Barrack Master at Cambridge is to 
 send them a load of wood, which the Corporal will use 
 with Prudence for the Purpose of cooking their Pro- 
 visions. 
 
 One 
 
75 
 
 One Serjeant and four Privates to be immediately 
 drafted from Col. Henry Jackson's Regiment, one 
 Corporal and three Privates from Col. Lee's, one Pri- 
 vate from Capt. Burton's Company, to execute the sen- 
 tence of Elijah Woodward, alias Williams, and Peter 
 Pickman Frye on Thursday morning next under the 
 direction of Adjutant Dunckerly. This Detachment 
 is to parade on the Common near the Grainery on 
 Wednesday morning next at ten o'clock, when the 
 Adjutant will receive them and give them further Di- 
 rections. Those quartered out of Town are to bring 
 one Day's Provision with them. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 7 September, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Kingston. C. Sign, Labrador. 
 
 Henry Greenleaf, a soldier belonging to Col. Lee's 
 Regiment having been charged with taking Flour from 
 the Public Stores and selling of a quantity, upon ex- 
 amination has accused some other Persons of being 
 privy thereto, in order that Justice may be done to 
 the Persons and to the Public — a Court of Enquiry is 
 to sit on Wednesday next at nine o'clock in the morn- 
 ing at such Place as the President shall appoint in 
 Cambridge; they will carefully examine the said Green- 
 leaf and M^ Austin, Assistant Dep'ty Commissary 
 and George Douglass the Cooper, and make Report. 
 Major Curtis, President. 
 
 Major Swasey, \ \ Capt. Scott, and 
 
 Capt. Varnum, / Members | ^^^^ ^^^^^^ 
 
 One 
 
76 
 
 One Orderly Serjeant from Col. Lee's Regiment to 
 attend the Court. Particular Care is to be taken that 
 no Prisoners of War are inlisted into the Continental 
 Army. The Officers who inlist such will be answer- 
 able for all the Expence they may be at to the Conti- 
 nent. If any of the Members warned on the Court of 
 Enquiry shall be absent, their President will appoint 
 others in their Stead. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 8 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Milton. C. Sign, Nants. 
 
 All Officers, non commissioned Officers and Sol- 
 diers belonging to either of the Regiments rais'd by 
 the State of Massachusetts doing Duty in the North- 
 ern Army, are to join their respective Regiments im- 
 mediately. 
 
 Capt. Lyman is to sit on the Court of Enquiry at 
 Cambridge on Wednesday next in the Room of Major 
 Swasey, who is excused. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 9 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Olney. C. Sign, Pompton. 
 
 Capt. Wright* having been appointed to act as Judge 
 Advocate and the frequent sitting of the General Court 
 Martial of late requiring much of his Time and Atten- 
 
 * Cartwright. 
 
 tion, 
 
77 
 
 tion, Col. Jackson will please to excuse him from at- 
 tending with the Regiment at Dorchester (extraordi- 
 nary Occasions excepted). 
 
 Field Officer for the Day for Thursday next, Col. 
 Henley. Adjutant of the Day, Carew. All Troops 
 off Duty are to attend the Execution on Thursday 
 next. They are to parade on the Common near the 
 Grainery, at eight o'clock in the Morning where they 
 will receive their Orders from the Field Officer of the 
 Day. 
 
 The sentence of Benjamin Brazier is to be put in 
 Execution to Morrow Morning at six o'clock, instead 
 of nine, as directed by the General Orders of the sixth 
 Instant. 
 
 The General Court Martial, which was to have set 
 this Morning, is adjourn'd to Tuesday next, of which 
 the Members will take Notice. 
 
 ■ Cambridge, 9 September, 1777. 
 
 Regimental Orders. 
 The Commanding Officer orders the Guards to be 
 relieved to Morrow Evening by the Invalids and Camp 
 Colourmen ; That all the Troops that are in Camp pre- 
 pare themselves to march to Boston by six o'Clock on 
 Thursday Morning; that they took their Breakfast the 
 Night before and appear on the Parade clean and their 
 Hair powdered. The Corporal and three who are for 
 the guard to march to Morrow Morning unless counter 
 
 ordered. 
 
78 
 
 ordered. Cloathing will be delivered to them this 
 Afternoon to wear that Day. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, io September, 1777. 
 Parole, Rawlins. C. Sign, Stockbridge. 
 
 One Private from Col. Lee's Regiment, one from 
 Col. Sherburne's and two from Col. H. Jackson's are 
 to attend with the Detachment who are to perform the 
 Execution to morrow they are to carry the Coffin be- 
 fore the Prisoner, from the Prison to the place of 
 Execution. The alertness of the Troops so often dis- 
 covered, renders it unnecessary for the General to 
 caution them to be in Season on the Parade to morrow. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, ii September, 1777. 
 Parole, Henley. C. ^\^i\, Jackson. 
 
 Elijah Woodward having this Day received his Sen- 
 tence, being shot to Death in the Presence of the 
 Troops, the General hopes that the Army will learn 
 from this Example that the aggravated Crime of De- 
 sertion, in which is involved Perjury and Fraud, will 
 not escape a Punishment adequate to the Infamy and 
 Villainy of the offence. 
 
 The Case of Peter Pickman Frye, a Soldier belong- 
 ing to Col. Marshall's Regiment, some time since sen- 
 tenced by the General Court Martial, whereof Col. 
 John Greaton was President, to be shot to Death for 
 
 Desertion, 
 
79 
 
 Desertion, which sentence was approved of, having 
 been laid before the hon'ble the Continental Congress, 
 that august Body have been pleased to express their 
 Pleasure that if upon Enquiry it should appear that 
 the Culprit is of unsound Mind, or incapable from nat- 
 ural defect of understanding to judge what is right or 
 wrong, that a free Pardon be granted to him, for this 
 Reason only, and by no means on account of Friends 
 or connections, who should never be considered when 
 publick Justice demands vicious men to suffer. En- 
 quiry having been made of those best acquainted with 
 the character of the culprit, and in particular of the 
 Selectmen of the Town of Salem in which he was born 
 and brought up, the Selectmen certify that with respect 
 to his mental abilities, he must be ranked with the 
 lowest of Mankind, as he is not only incapable of 
 maliciously committing a Crime, but really incapable 
 of feeling any uneasiness at being sentenced to so 
 severe a Punishment as that to which he is condemned, 
 and through Life has, in their Opinion, constantly bore 
 about with him evident marks of Insanity, and there- 
 fore is an unsuitable Object for Punishment — the Cer- 
 tificate being signed by all the Selectmen and also by 
 the Chairman of the Committee of Safety. The Gen- 
 eral has in Consequence thereof, by virtue of the Au- 
 thority given him for that purpose, granted him, the 
 said Peter Pickman Frye, a free Pardon and Remis- 
 sion of the Punishment to which he was sentenced. 
 
8o 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 12 September, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Utrecht. C. Sign, Wales. 
 
 A Corporal and four Privates are to be sent daily 
 (Sundays excepted) over to Boston with the Guard 
 from Col. H. Jackson's Regiment, vi^ithout arms, to 
 cord up the Continental Wood on Hatch's Wharf. 
 The Corporal will see that the men are kept steadily 
 at work. This working Party is to be continued by 
 Relief until further Orders. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 13 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Rustic. C. Sign, Yeoman. 
 
 The Court of Inquiry, whereof Major Curtis was 
 President, appointed to inquire into a charge of suspi- 
 cion of Fraud, made by one Greenleaf, a soldier, 
 against Mr. Austin, Assistant Commissary of Pris- 
 oners, and Mr. Douglass, a cooper, the Court after a 
 strict inquiry, are unanimously of opinion that Mr. 
 Austin and Mr. Douglass are intirely free from the 
 above suspicion, and that Greenleaf is guilty of the 
 charge lodged against him, and desire that he may be 
 brought before a Court Martial. 
 
 The General approves the opinion of the Court and 
 orders Greenleaf to be immediately sent to the Main 
 Guard in order to his being brought to tryal. 
 
8i 
 
 Cambridge, 13 September, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 It is with surprize the Colonel observes the constant 
 attendance the non-commissioned officers and soldiers 
 give to Taverns and other licensed Houses in this 
 Town, as it is productive of every bad consequence 
 imaginable, not only loss of time, but spending their 
 money for what they have not any real occasion for, 
 when at the same time their Families are suffering for 
 want. Therefore, he positively orders that every sol- 
 dier after Retreat is beat, retires to his Barrack, and 
 not to be out without Leave of their Serjeant, and 
 neither non-commission'd officer or soldier to be seen 
 out of their Quarters after the Tattoo is beat upon any 
 Pretence whatever, and that to be at eight o'clock. 
 This to be a standing order. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 14 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Addison. C. Sign, Bailey. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 15 September, 1777. 
 Troop beating for mounting the guard is to be at 
 9 in the morning, retreat at sunset, and tattoo at eight 
 in the evening, until further orders. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 16 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Eaton. C. Sign, Fairfield. 
 
 6 
 
82 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 17 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Grayson. C. Sign, Hayley. 
 
 The Execution of Thomas Lake, which was to have 
 been to morrow, is suspended until Thursday the sec- 
 ond day of October next. Col. Lee's Regiment is to 
 march into Boston to morrow, where they are to take 
 Quarters until further Orders. Col. Lee is to have 
 one Serjeant, one Corporal and fourteen Privates to do 
 Duty at Cambridge until further Orders. This De- 
 tachment is to join Col. Henley's Regiment, and at- 
 tend Roll call with them. Col. Henley's Regiment 
 with the before mentioned Detachment are to mount 
 the Magazine Guard at Charleston and the Guard at 
 Cambridge. Three men are to be added to the Main 
 Guard to morrow from Col. Henry Jackson's Regi- 
 ment. The Guard at Medford to be mounted as usual. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 18 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Newton. C. Sign, Plato. 
 
 The General Court Martial whereof Col. Michael 
 Jackson was President is dissolved. The weather 
 being very stormy. Col. Lee's Regiment will not march 
 into Town until to morrow. 
 
 Cambridge, 18 September, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 The Commanding Officer orders that Lieutenant 
 Brown tarry in Cambridge to take Charge of the De- 
 tachment 
 
83 
 
 tachment to be left to assist Col. Henley's Regiment 
 in mounting the Guards. He is to see that they turn 
 out with Col. Henley's men for Exercise at which time 
 he'll give his attendance. No non-commissioned offi- 
 cer or soldier is to lodge out of his Barrack in Boston 
 on any Pretence whatever^ nor be absent from the 
 Place of Parade at the Hours affixt for Exercise with- 
 out leave from the Commanding Officer. If any 
 should be so hardened as to break this order, he must 
 expect to be punished by a Court Martial. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 20 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Arnold. C. Sign, Gates. 
 
 A Corporal and nine men are to be sent from Col. 
 Lee's Regiment, a Corporal and six from Col. Sher- 
 burne's this afternoon to reinforce the Main Guard. 
 
 The Main Guard for the future is to consist of one 
 Subaltern, one Serjeant, two Corporals, one Drum, one 
 Fife, and thirty Privates — the Subaltern to be given 
 alternately by Col. Lee's and Col. H. Jackson's Reg"? 
 A Captain is to be Officer of the Day, and is to be 
 given by the Regiments alternately as the Officer of 
 the Guard, beginning with the eldest. The Officer of 
 the Day will visit the Guard in the Day time and give 
 them such Directions as may be necessary for their 
 Conduct, both by Day and Night. He will dine at 
 Head-Quarters, make his Grand Round in the Night, 
 and having received the Report of the Guard from the 
 
 officer 
 
84 
 
 officer who commanded it, he will report it to the 
 General, adding thereto any Extraordinarys that have 
 been noticed by him during his Tour. 
 
 The Adjutant of the Regiment which gives the Offi- 
 cer of the Day, is to be Adjutant of the Day. He 
 will attend on the Grand Parade and see the Guard or 
 Guards compleated, the officers posted and the Guards 
 marched off in Presence of the Officer of the Day. 
 
 CAMBRroGE, 20 September, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 A Regimental Court Martial to sit this Day at ten o'clock 
 at the House of Mr. Bradish to try Zebulon Basset, a soldier 
 in Capt. North's Company accused of stealing. 
 Capt. Hastings, President. 
 Lt. Brown and Ensign Lovell, Members. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 21 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Leonard. C. Sign, Mansfield. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 22 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Niks. C. Sign, Overton. 
 
 The Sergeant ordered for the Main Guard is to be 
 furnished alternately from Col. Lee's and Col. H. 
 Jackson's Regiment. 
 
 The Alarm Post of Col. Lee's Regim'. is in the Fort 
 on Fort Hill; Col. Henley's, on Cambridge Common. 
 Officer of the day to-morrow, Capt. North. 
 
85 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 23 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Pembroke. C. Sign, Rowley. 
 
 Boston, 23 September, 1777. 
 Regimental Orders. 
 
 Zebulon Basset, a soldier in Capt. North's Company, tried 
 at the Regimental Court Martial whereof Capt. Hastings 
 was President for stealing. 
 
 The Prisoner pleading guilty, the Court are of opinion 
 that the Crime comes under the sixteenth Article of the 
 thirteenth Section of the Rules and Regulations of the Con- 
 tinental Army, and sentence the Prisoner to receive thirty 
 stripes on his naked Back, but in Consideration of his for- 
 mer good Conduct do recommend him to the Commanding 
 Officer for a Remission of the Stripes. 
 
 The Commanding Officer approves the Judgment of the 
 Court, remits the Stripes and orders Basset to joyn his Reg- 
 iment and attend his Duty. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 24 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Salisbury. C. Sign, Talbot. 
 
 Col. Lee's, Col. Henley's, and Col. H. Jackson's 
 Regiments are to prepare themselves to march and 
 joyn the Grand Army without the least loss of time. 
 Immediate and strict Attention to be paid to the Men's 
 Arms, Accouterments and Cloathing. All absent offi- 
 cers and soldiers to joyn their respective Corps imme- 
 diately. 
 
86 
 
 diately. The Detachment of Wood Cutters at Ply- 
 mouth are also to be ordered in as soon as possible; 
 particular Care is to be taken of the Provisions lately 
 sent to that Detachment that they may not be wasted 
 or lost. The Guards to be mounted and Duty per- 
 formed as at Present until further orders. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Boston, 25 September, 1777. 
 Parole, Vox. C. Sign, Weeden. 
 
 If there are any men at the Rendezvous at Cam- 
 bridge drafted to serve in the Continental Army for 
 the Term of eight months, they are immediately to re- 
 pair to Head Quarters Boston, whence they will be 
 sent on immediately to the army. The same mode of 
 conduct is to be followed by the other Drafts when- 
 ever they repair to the Rendezvous. 
 
 After Orders. 
 Col. Lee's men are to be immediately taken off 
 Duty, and the Regiment marched to Cambridge, and 
 every Preparation made for their marching to joyn the 
 Grand Army without loss of time. The Sentrys of 
 the Main Guard are to be reduced accordingly. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 26 September. 1777. 
 Parole, Green. C. Sign, Morgan, 
 
 Cols. Lee, Henley and Jackson will immediately 
 
 make 
 
87 
 
 make Return of the Christian and Sirnames of the 
 Field, Staff and commissioned officers of their respect- 
 ive Regiments, specifying their Rank and the exact 
 Times of their appointments in order to the obtaining 
 of their Commission. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 27 September, 1777. 
 Parole, America. C. Sign, Boston. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 29 September, 1777. 
 The Main Guard for the future until it is relieved by 
 the Militia, is to consist of one Corporal and six pri- 
 vates only, which are to be mounted from Col. H. 
 Jackson's Reg' 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 30 September, 1777. 
 The Sentence of Thomas Lake is to be put in Exe- 
 cution on Thursday next (being the Time to which his 
 Execution was suspended) between the Hours of eight 
 and twelve in the Forenoon on the Common in Bos- 
 ton. Adj'- Edwards to see the Sentence put in Exe- 
 cution agreeable to former Orders. All the Troops 
 off Duty to attend. The Dep'ty Quarter Master Gen- 
 eral is to order a Gallows to be erected &c. Lt. Col. 
 Smith to be Field officer of the Day on Thursday 
 next; Adj'- of the same Day, Dunckerly; the utmost 
 
 Vigilance 
 
88 
 
 Vigilance to be exerted in preparing the Regiments 
 under Orders for marching which must not be delayed 
 a Moment after they are ready. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, i October, 1777. 
 
 Major Procter's Detachment of Militia are to be 
 disposed of as follows, Major, Adjutant, two Captains, 
 4 Subalterns, eight Serjeants, twelve Corporals, two 
 Drums & two Fifes, and one hundred & twenty pri- 
 vates in Boston. 
 
 One Captain, two Subalterns, four Serjeants, six Cor- 
 porals, one Drum, and forty five Privates at Dorches- 
 ter Heights. 
 
 Two Subalterns, three Serjeants, six Corporals, i 
 Drum, & forty-five Privates at Cambridge. The Ser- 
 jeant & Privates drafted from the Town of Medford 
 to be included in the Cambridge Guard. Major Proc- 
 ter will make the foregoing Disposition as soon as 
 possible. 
 
 The Dep'ty Qr. Master General will deliver Tents 
 to the several Regiments now under Marching Orders 
 in the Proportion of one to every six Men. Camp 
 Kettles in the same proportion. 
 
 The Indisposition of Body of Thos. Lake being 
 such as renders his Execution to-Morrow impractica- 
 ble, his Execution is suspended until Monday next. 
 
89 
 
 Hkad-Quarters, Boston, 2 October, 1777. 
 
 Col. Henley's and Col. H. Jackson's Regtt are to 
 be immediately taken off Duty and the necessary 
 Guards at Dorchester are to be mounted by Major 
 Proctor's Detachment of Mililia. 
 
 Capt. Stearns who is to do the Duty at Dorchester 
 Heights will receive the ordnance stores. Provisions, 
 etc., from the officers of Col. Jackson's Regiment who 
 now has the Charge of them and receipt therefor. 
 
 Head-Quarters, 2 October, 1777. 
 
 The sentence of Thos. Lake is to be put in execution 
 on Monday next on the Common in Boston, between 
 the Hours of eight and twelve o'clock before noon. 
 Adjutant Carew to see the sentence put in execution. 
 All the Troops off duty to attend. 
 
 Field officer of the Day on Monday next, Lieut. 
 Col? , Cobb; Adj'. of the Day, Dunckerly. 
 
 The troops to be seasonably on the Guard parade. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Boston, 3 October, 1777. 
 The Main Guard as soon as the strength of the De- 
 tachment quartered in Town will admit it, is to consist 
 of I subaltern, two Serjeants, two Corporals, one Drum, 
 and Thirty privates. The two Captains, and the eldest 
 Subaltern quartered in Boston are to act as officer of 
 the Day in Rotation; the officer of the Guard is to 
 , report 
 
90 
 
 report to the officer of the Day, who will report to the 
 General, adding any remarkable occurrences that may 
 happen during his Tour. Those officers belonging to 
 the Continental Regiments, who do not march with 
 the first Division of their respective Regiments, are 
 assiduously to apply themselves to the Recruiting Ser- 
 vice. 
 
 Whenever any Corps receive orders to march and 
 joyn the army, the Quartermaster of the Reg'. , before 
 the Regiment marches off, is to collect all the Utensils 
 which he has receiv'd for the use of the Regiment, and 
 carefully return them to the DV Q. M. G., except such 
 as may be necessary to forward with the Regiment. 
 
ORDERS WHILE ON THE MARCH. 
 
 Head-Quarters, 19 October, 1777. 
 Parole, Stanwix. C. Sign, Saratoga. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Red Hook, 20 October, 1777. 
 Parole, Red. C. Sign, Hook. 
 
 The same Picquet to be kept to night as was kept 
 last night consisting of the same number. 
 
 All the Troops are Ordered to parade to morrow 
 morning at seven o clock precisely at their respective 
 Brigade Parades. 
 
 The General orders half a jill of Rum to be dealt 
 out to each of the Troops upon the Return of their 
 officers. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Red Hook, 21 October, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Clinton. C. Sign, Dubois. 
 
 (91) 
 
MAJOR GENERAL PUTNAM'S ORDERS. 
 
Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, 25 October, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Pitt. C. Sign, Barre. 
 
 Col. Webb \ 
 
 B. M. Chittenden > Officers of the Day to morrow. 
 
 Adj'. Hart j 
 
 The Commanding Officers of the Continental Reg- 
 iments are again ordered forthwith to make Returns 
 of the Cloathing received & what is still wanted by 
 their respective Regiments. 
 
 The General strictly forbids all plundering of private 
 Property, robbing of Gardens, burning of Rails, Fences, 
 &c., under the severest Penalties, and the officers are 
 to take especial Care to see that the Troops strictly 
 observe this Order, and to take up any that shall 
 transgress it. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, 26 October, 1777. 
 Parole, Paris. C. Sign, Hague. 
 
 Col. Wyllys | 
 
 B. M. Humphrey \ Officers of the Day to morrow. 
 Adj'- Harpin J 
 
 The General is sorry that the situation of the Enemy 
 is such as puts it out of his Power immediately to dis- 
 charge the Militia, or what makes him more so is to 
 
 (95) hear 
 
96 
 
 hear that some of the Militia, not duly attending to 
 their own Reputation and the safety of the publick, 
 have tarnished their good beginning by a shameful 
 Desertion, whose ill example he trusts none here 
 present will follow. He has received Information that 
 between four and five thousand of the Enemy are 
 collected at or near Fort Montgomery, and should the 
 Militia leave him at this Juncture, Notice of it would 
 immediately be carried to the Enemy by the rascally 
 Tories and all the Barracks and Stores in this part of 
 the Country become easy to be destroyed by them. 
 The General paying proper attention to the pressing 
 Circumstances of the Militia, the publick safety in 
 which our own is involved, and willing to make mat- 
 ters as easy as possible, requests the Militia as they 
 regard themselves, their Families and Posterity and 
 the Safety and Liberty of the Country, will not leave 
 him until regularly discharg'd which he assures them 
 shall be done on Wednesday next and as much sooner 
 as the Reinforcement from the Northward arrives, 
 which he daily expects, excepting those who are 
 drafted for a certain Term of Time. 
 
 Col. Wyllys' Regiment of Continental Troops are to 
 be mustered to morrow morning, ten o'clock, at their 
 Regimental Parade. 
 
97 
 
 Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, 27 October, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Boston. C. Sign, Roxbury. 
 
 Lt. Co. Smith 1 ^„ , , ^ 
 
 Adj'. Edwards ( ^"icers of the Day to morrow. 
 
 The militia (except those drafted for a certain Time) 
 are ordered to return their Tents and Camp Utensils, 
 arms and ammunition, drawn from the publick stores, 
 into the stores from whence they were taken except 
 the ammunition that has been necessarily expended in 
 the Service. 
 
 The General has the Happiness to acquaint the 
 Troops that the Enemy after their infamous and dis- 
 appointing Expedition up the North River marked 
 with a thousand Instances of little Spite and low Re- 
 venge against a Country evidently beyond their Power 
 to conquer, have quitted Peekskill and the adjacent 
 Posts, Fort Montgomery, Clinton, &c., &c.; have passed 
 down the River with their whole Fleet ; that General 
 Poor is within two Day's march of this with a good 
 Body of Troops, whereby he has it in his Power to 
 release the Militia considerably sooner than he ex- 
 pected, and altho' they did not arrive soon enough to 
 prevent the Loss of Fort Montgomery, Peekskill, &c. 
 yet they may be assured they have been greatly ser- 
 viceable in preventing the Enemies making Incursions 
 into the Country, extending their Ravages and spread- 
 ing desolation and Ruin by Fire and Sword among 
 our Towns and Stores. The General therefore returns 
 7 them 
 
98 
 
 them his thanks in behalf of their Country for the 
 good Services they have done and the noble Spirit of 
 Liberty with which they turned out when called, a 
 Spirit that ever has and will be the Scourge of Tyrants, 
 the Glory and Security of a brave and free People, 
 and takes particular Pleasure in embracing the earliest 
 Moment, consistent with the publick Safety, to gratify 
 their Inclination by dismissing them to return to their 
 Homes and Families, and thereupon directs and or- 
 ders the several Regiments and Independent Com- 
 panies of Militia, except those drafted for a certain 
 Time, to be discharg'd, and they are hereby released 
 and discharged from any further Service in the Army 
 under his Command, and have Liberty to return to 
 their respective Homes, hoping they will find their 
 Friends and Families in Health and Safety, long live, 
 and be free, and ever conduct worthy of so exalted a 
 Privilege and Character. 
 
 A good silver Watch was found on the seventeenth 
 Oct? Ins! between Fish Kill and Poughkeepsie, & 
 now in Possession of Gen' Silliman. Any Person 
 applying & making evident his Property shall receive 
 the same. 
 
 Head- Quarters, Fish Kill, 28 October, 1777. 
 
 Parole, Nixon. C. Sign, Poor. 
 
 Major Grosvenor 1 f^rc r ..t. t-> 4. 
 
 A jtj jT (^ \ Officers of the Day to morrow. 
 
99 
 
 Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, 29 October, 1777. 
 Parole, Cambridge. C. Sign, Providence. 
 
 Adj' Edwa"rdr } ^^^^''^ of ^e Day to morrow. 
 
 Col. Wyllys & Lt. Col. Smith's Regiments have 
 Liberty to discharge their Pieces this morning under 
 the Direction of their officers. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, 30 October, 1777. 
 Parole, Warrior. C. Sign, Cobb. 
 
 A jt \\ 7 \ Officers of the Day to morrow. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, 31 October, 1777. 
 Parole, Clinton. C. Sign, Wind. 
 
 Ad'? EdwTr* } O'^*^^" °f *^ ^^y *° morrow. 
 
 The Commissary is directed to issue one Quart of 
 Salt to every 50 lb. of Fresh Beef issued to the 
 Troops. 
 
 Commanding officers of Companies of Artillery, 
 light Dragoons & of Foot, will immediately prepare 
 their several muster Rolls to the first Day of Novem- 
 ber agreeable to the usual Form. The several Com- 
 panies of Artillery to be mustered to morrow morning 
 
 at 
 
lOO 
 
 at II o'clock & Col. Wyllys' Regiment at three 
 o'clock in the afternoon. 
 
 A Court of Enquiry is appointed upon complaint of 
 Mrs. Catharine Lewson against Capt. Swarthout for 
 plundering her provisions & effects on or about the 
 17th inst. Lt. Col. Butler, President; three captains 
 from Col? Wyllys' Regiment, two Ditto from Col? 
 Smith's, to sit to-morrow morning, 9 o'clock, at Mr. 
 Cooper's, Tavern keeper. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, i November, 1777. 
 Parole, Kingston. C. Sign, Esopus. 
 
 . j., p ■ > Officers of the Day to morrow. 
 
 Head-Quarters, Fish Kill, 2 November, 1777. 
 Parole, Warner. C. Sign, Hamilton. 
 
 The Detachment of Col. Lee's Regiment under 
 Command of Lt. Col. Smith & the Detachment of 
 Col. Jackson's Reg' under the Command of Lt. Col. 
 Cobb are for the present annexed to Gen! Parson's 
 Brigade, & are to do duty therein until Further Orders. 
 
 After Orders. 2 o'clock. 
 In Consequence of Intelligence just received from 
 his Excellency Genl Washington, the Detachment 
 from Col. Lee's and Jackson's Reg'.^ are ordered to 
 
 cross 
 
lOI 
 
 cross Hudson's River to Morrow Morning and march 
 with all Dispatch to join Gen! Washington in the most 
 direct Rout instead of marching down to join Gen! 
 
 Parsons as was ordered.* 
 
 ***** 
 
 *The next order is dated at White Marsh, 20 November, 1777, 
 showing a junction with the " Grand Army " and, of consequence, that 
 the orders were those of General Washington. As it is intended to 
 print these in regular order, they are not given in this place. The 
 regiment remained with the main army until 2 December, after which 
 date there are no orders entered until 29 December, 1777, when Lan- 
 caster appears as the station. The Regiment was then under the 
 orders of LL Col. Wm. S. Smith. 
 
LT. COL. WILLIAM S. SMITH'S ORDERS. 
 
Lancaster, 29 December, 1777. 
 
 Garrison Orders. 
 The Duty of the officer of the Day for the future to 
 be confined solely to the Line of Captains. A Subal- 
 tern to be immediately sent to take the Command of 
 the Guard stationed at Connestoga Creek at Webb's 
 Ferry, who is to attend strictly to the apprehending of 
 all Deserters and particularly to the Examination of 
 all Persons in a Soldier's Dress and others that appear 
 to be suspicious Characters. If the Account they give 
 of themselves is not satisfactory they are to be detained 
 as Prisoners and march'd to my Quarters upon the 
 Guard being relieved. This Guard is to be furnished 
 from the Continental Soldiers at present here daily, 
 and as it is not properly a Commissioned officer's 
 Command, it is to be march'd off from the Parade by 
 the Serjeant or Corporal to its Station, the Officer 
 commanding it repairing to his Post at the Hour for 
 the Relief to be made. He must also make a strict 
 Examination into all Waggons coming from Camp; 
 if containing any Continental Property, it must be re- 
 tained and a Report made every Morning of the Quan- 
 tity and what kind; if any Woman or other Person 
 passing shall have with them Soldiers' Blankets or 
 Cloathing that shall appear to belong to the Continent, 
 they are to be taken. 
 
 (los) The 
 
io6 
 
 The Officer of the Day with a small guard from the 
 Militia to patrole the Streets twice between the Hours 
 of eight and twelve at Night, visit the Taverns and Ale 
 Houses and take up all Persons indiscriminately, who 
 are disturbing the Peace of the Good People of this 
 Town, the Soldiers are therefore to be attentive and 
 be in their Barracks and Quarters immediately after 
 Tattoo beating. A Breach of these orders in the least 
 Tittle shall meet with severe Punishment. The Sol- 
 diers who are return'd fit for duty must attend Roll 
 Call Morning and Evening, the officer of the Day to 
 be particular that the Men are punctual in their at- 
 tendance. 
 
 No Soldier is to be permitted to pass out of the Bar- 
 rack Gate on any Pretence whatever, unless an officer 
 going with him to the Guard permits. 
 
 The Officer of the Day to dine at the Commanding 
 officer's Quarters at 2 o'Clock. 
 
 The Adjutants to be particular as to the Warning of 
 the Officers for Duty the Evening before either ver- 
 bally or by leaving a Note at their Quarters. A 
 Weekly Return to be made of the State of the Detach- 
 ments. 
 
 There are some persons who seem to pay no at- 
 tention to their own or the Character of the Detach- 
 ments, the Commanding officer requests them, without 
 mentioning Names, to alter their Conduct, or public 
 Examples shall be made. 
 
I07 
 
 After Orders. 
 The Tatoo to be beaten precisely at 8 o'Clock. 
 Upon the Return of the Drums to the Barrack the 
 Gates to be immediately locked. 
 
 Lancaster, 30 December, 1777. 
 Garrison Orders. 
 
 For the future, no officer shall be absent from his 
 Quarters after Tatoo beating, nor go one Mile from 
 the Town without leave previously obtained from one 
 of the Field officers. 
 
 Lancaster, i January, 1778. 
 
 A Court Martial to sit to morrow morning at eleven 
 
 o'clock at Adjutant Erwine's Room in the Barracks 
 
 for the Tryal of such Prisoners as shall be brought 
 
 before them. 
 
 Capt. DoUiver, Presid' 
 
 Lt. Whitesell 1 ^ ^^ f Lt. Hubley 
 Lt. Leverett |™emDers.^ ^^^^ Barber. 
 
 In orders issued the 30''' of Dec^ ^777, it was re- 
 quired that no officer should be absent from his Quar- 
 ters after Tattoo beating, the Commanding Officer 
 finding that the Innocent suffer with the Guilty Indis- 
 criminately, thinks proper to disannul the Order, & it 
 is accordingly from henceforth repealed. 
 
io8 
 
 Lancaster, 3 January, 1778. 
 
 The Officers commanding particular Companies 
 must make Returns of the Number of Musquets that 
 want repairing & deliver the Returns to the Adjutant 
 to Morrow Morning that they may be put in proper 
 Order. The Officer of the Day in going the Rounds 
 thro' the Barracks is desired to be particular in the 
 Examination of the Arms that they are kept in good 
 Order, neat & clean, & placed in such a part of the 
 Room that they will be most out of the way of being 
 injured. The Soldier that is found negligent in this 
 Part of his Duty, the Officer of the Day must not let 
 pass unpunished. The officers are also desired to 
 make out their Pay Rolls for the Month of November 
 without delay and ' deliver them to the Commanding 
 Officer. 
 
 A Return to be immediately made of all the Taylors 
 & Shoemakers in the Detachments, their Names, Reg- 
 iment & Company to be certified & left at the com- 
 manding Officer's Quarters. 
 
 Hugh Glinn, a Soldier in the Eighth Pennsylvania 
 Regiment, tried at the Court Martial whereof Capt. 
 Dolliver was President, for absenting himself from his 
 Quarters for three weeks without Leave — the Court 
 considering the very bad Consequences that attends 
 desertion or Soldiers leaving their Corps without leave, 
 & finding him guilty of a Breach of the second Arti- 
 cle in the sixth Section of the Rules of the Conti- 
 nental Army, do adjudge that the Prisoner Hugh Glinn 
 
 do 
 
I09 
 
 do receive one hundred Stripes on his bare Back & 
 return to his Duty. 
 
 The Commanding Officer approves the Sentence & 
 orders it to be put in Exection this Evening at Retreat 
 Beating. 
 
 Lancaster, s January, 1778. 
 General Orders. 
 
 All the Officers & Soldiers in this Town & its vicinity 
 are to parade to Morrow Morning at 10 o' Clock at the 
 Court House. It is expected that every officer will 
 exert himself in finding out & parading the Soldiers 
 belonging to the American Army without distinction 
 of either State or Regiment. No Excuse can be ad- 
 mitted for the non-attendance of the Officers. 
 
 Anthony Wayne, B. G. 
 
 The Men must also attend to, which is never to pass 
 an officer with his Hat on (there are but few who are 
 guilty of this breach of Politeness) a Circumstance 
 which may at first View appear trivial, but upon Con- 
 sideration must appear of Importance, for Nothing 
 shews a greater Want of good Breeding and Military 
 Discipline, than to see a Soldier passing his officer with 
 his Hat on, and opens a Door for the spectator to 
 make ill natur'd observations upon the Regiment in 
 General for this Breach of Politeness in Individuals. 
 As an Example in this Matter, the Commanding Offi- 
 cer would recommend to the Soldiers to observe the 
 
 Behaviour 
 
no 
 
 Behaviour of their officers, when they will find they 
 never accost each other but with the greatest Polite- 
 ness. 
 
 It is with Pleasure the Commanding officer observes 
 Drum Maj": Scott so attentive to his Duty in having 
 the Drums and Fifes under his Command kept neat and 
 clean, and assures him and the soldiers in general that 
 these Circumstances and Attention to discipline shall 
 meet with the Regard it merits. 
 
 Lancaster, io January, 1778. 
 A Court Martial to sit to-Morrow Morning at ten 
 o'clock at Adj' Carew's Quarters for the Trial of Lt. 
 Hunt charged with disobedience of the orders issued 
 on the thirtieth of December, 1777. 
 Major Tyler, Presid'. 
 Capt. Trescott Capt. Orne 
 
 Brown North 
 
 Jarvis Lieut. Reed 
 
 Lieut' Walker Castang 
 
 Lieut. Leverett Ens? Smith 
 
 Ens? Otis Barber. 
 
 Cap'. Cartwright, J. Adv'* 
 
 Lancaster, ii January, 1778. 
 Lieut. Hunt tried at the Court Martial whereof 
 Major Tyler was President for disobedience of the 
 
 Orders 
 
Ill 
 
 Orders issued the 30"? December, 1777 — the Court 
 having maturely considered the Charge and carefully 
 perused the orders for the Government of the Garri- 
 son, and conceiving the orders of the ^o'^ Dec^, 1777, 
 to have been annuU'd and repealed by Order under the 
 i^' Jany Inst., do declare the Charge against Lieut. 
 Hunt not Supported and that Lieut. Hunt is honorably 
 acquitted. 
 
 The Commanding officer disapproves the Sentence 
 and dissolves the Court. The Prisoner still to con- 
 tinue under his Arrest. 
 
 Lancaster, 12 January, 1778. 
 
 A Corporal and six Men to be draughted to Mor- 
 row Morning to relieve the Guard stationed at Canos- 
 toga Creek, and to be relieved every Morning from 
 the Parade. The Guard for the future to be stationed 
 on this side. The officer of the Guard must quarter 
 his Men Equally at the Houses near; there being 
 three, two must be placed in each till a Guard House 
 can be built. They are to permit no spirituous Liquors 
 to pass unless they have a permit from Persons author- 
 ized to give one. 
 
 A Serjeant, Corporal and twelve Men from the 
 Granadiers, to hold themselves in readiness to attend 
 Maj^ Gen'. Gates on his arrival in Town. They are to 
 be chosen out immediately and inform'd of the occa- 
 sion for which they are draughted, that they may have 
 
 time 
 
112 
 
 time to get their Cloaths and Accoutrements clean. 
 The Commanding officer by giving this timely Notice 
 expects to see them full dress'd and powder'd with 
 their Caps on. On the Arrival of Maj'' Gen'. Gates, 
 the Adjutant of the Day to see the Men paraded & 
 March'd off to the General's Quarters as expeditiously 
 as possible. 
 
 The Room in the rear of the Meeting House to be 
 reserv'd for the Soldiers that have the Itch to anoint 
 themselves in. 
 
 Lancaster, 13 January, 1778. 
 A Court Martial to sit to Morrow Morning at eleven 
 o'clock for the Trial of Daniel McBride, confined in 
 the Quarter Guard for absenting himself from his 
 Quarters without Leave. 
 
 Capt. Browne, Presid'. 
 Lt. Jackson 1 ^^ r^ f Lt. Hobby 
 Lt. Lamb / ^^^^mbers "^ l^. Selden. 
 
 The Officers to attend Roll call Morning & Evening, 
 & be particular as to the Attendance of their Men. 
 
 Lancaster, 15 January, 1778. 
 Daniel McBride, a Soldier in Capt. North's Comp^, 
 Col. Lee's Reg?, tried at the Court Martial whereof 
 Capt. Brown was President for absenting himself from 
 his Quarters without Leave. 
 
 The 
 
"3 
 
 The Court after due Consideration are of Opinion 
 that the Prisoner is guilty of a Breach of the second 
 Article of the sixth Section & do adjudge that he re- 
 ceive fifty Lashes well laid on his naked Back & that 
 the Prisoner return to his Duty. 
 • The Commanding Officer taking into Consideration 
 the Behaviour of the Prisoner & that he was guilty of 
 the Crime of Desertion whilst the Regiment lay at 
 Cambridge & was not punished for it, owing intirely 
 to a disposition in his Officers not to punish a Soldier 
 unless absolutely necessary, thinks proper to approve 
 the Sentence of the Court & orders it to be put in Ex- 
 ecution this Evening at Retreat Beating. 
 
 The Court Martial whereof Capt. Brown is President 
 is dissolved. 
 
 A Court Martial to sit for the Trial of Ensign Jen- 
 kins, arrested by Capt. Trescott for disobedience of 
 orders, the Court to sit at the Barracks at twelve 
 o'clock this Day. 
 
 Major Tyler, Presd'. 
 
 Capt. Dolliver " 
 Capt. Browne 
 Lt. Hawkes 
 Lt. Lamb 
 Lt. Jackson 
 Ens? Smith 
 
 Members 
 
 Capt. Orne 
 Capt. Van Home 
 Lt. Reed 
 Lt. Hobby 
 Lt. Castang 
 Ens" Thacher 
 
 Capt. Cartwright, J. Adv'? 
 The Place of Parade for the future to be in front of 
 the Market. 
 8 
 
114 
 
 Lancaster, i6 January, 1778. 
 
 Ensign Jenkins, tried at the Court Martial whereof 
 Major Tyler is President for disobedience of Orders. 
 
 The Court are of Opinion that Ensign Jenkins used 
 his utmost Endeavours to execute the orders he re- 
 ceived from Capt. Trescott, that he applied for the List 
 of Men to Mr. Phelan, his superior officer, & therefore 
 declare the charge not supported & the Prisoner hon- 
 orably acquitted. 
 
 The Commanding Officer approves the Sentence & 
 orders Ensign Jenkins to be released from his Arrest 
 & return to his Duty. 
 
 Lancaster, 19 January, 1778. 
 The Court Martial whereof Maj^ Tyler is President, 
 is dissolved. 
 
 Lancaster, 20 January, 1778. 
 A Court Martial to sit this Morning at 12 o'Clock 
 for the Tryal of such Prisoners as shall be brought 
 before them. 
 
 Capt. Jarvis, Presid'. 
 
 Lt. Phelan 1 ,/r , I Lt. Walker 
 
 T . T, > Members. )- t- • t^ i. 
 
 Lt. iurner J J Ensign Barber 
 
 The Guard that was ordered to attend the Hon'ble 
 M. G. Gates are to hold themselves in Readiness, as 
 he is expected in Town this Afternoon. The Com- 
 manding 
 
115 
 
 manding Officer taking into Consideration the disa- 
 greeable Situation of Lt. Hunt, being under an arrest 
 for Disobedience of Orders & receiving Assurances 
 from that Gentleman that his Behaviour proceeded 
 from Misunderstanding of Orders, & that he did not 
 mean to fly in the face of Authority, which from his 
 former Behaviour as an Officer no Person has a right 
 to imagine, the Commanding Officer thinks proper to 
 release him from his Arrest & .desires that he will re- 
 turn to his Duty. 
 
 Lancaster, 6 March, 1778. 
 As the Detachments from Col?^ Lee's, Henley's & 
 Jackson's Reg'.' will probably march soon for Camp, 
 the Director of the Hospital thinks it necessary that 
 those Men who have had the Small Pox in this Place 
 should take one dose of Physick to disperse any 
 Humour that may remain & prevent Relapses. For 
 this purpose he has furnished Adj'. Edwards of Col. 
 Lee's Reg' with a dose per Man, which he will deliver 
 out this Day. The non-commissioned officers of Col. 
 Lee's Reg^ must wait on the Adj'. for the Physick with 
 their particular Companies. The Serg'. Major of Col. 
 Jackson's Reg', to draw for the Reg^ & deliver it out 
 to his Serjeants who are requested to be very particu- 
 lar that every Man has his Proportion, & the Com- 
 manding Officer requests the Soldiers as they value 
 their own Health & Constitution not to waste the 
 
 Medicine, 
 
ii6 
 
 Medicine, but to use it properly, as a failure in this 
 particular may be attended with Consequences that 
 may prove fatal to the Delinquents. It must be taken 
 in the Morning early & work'd off with Water Gruel. 
 To Morrow is the Day appointed for this Purpose, in 
 Consequence of which the Regiment will be excused 
 from Roll-call. For the future they are to parade with 
 their Arms & Accoutrements in good Order. As the 
 Time of the Regiment's marching is totally uncertain, 
 it is recommended to the officers to put their affairs 
 in such a Situation that they may be ready to march 
 at the shortest Notice. 
 
 W^ S. Smith, U Col. Comm<i 
 
 Lancaster, 15 March, 1778. 
 His Excellency the Commander in Chief having 
 been pleased to order Henry Mansin and Wendell 
 Mycr to be executed on the Morrow, being Monday 
 March the sixteenth, between the Hours of lOo'Clock 
 in the Morning and one in the Afternoon in the most 
 publick Manner — the Troops therefore will assemble 
 at ten o'clock on the Parade, when the disposition of 
 the whole will be made agreable to Plan delivered to 
 L'. Col. Smith, who is to be Field officer of the Day. 
 It is expected that the Gentlemen officers who are in 
 Town (not actually on Duty) will be present at the 
 
 Execution. 
 
117 
 
 Execution. The Procession to begin at half past 1 1 
 o'clock from the Goal. 
 
 G. Gibson, Col. Com.* 
 
 * The next entry is at Valley Forge, l April, 1778, showing a union 
 with the grand army, and until June the orders are those of the Com 
 mander in Chief. A break then occurs to December, 1778, when the 
 regiment was under the command of Major General Sullivan in Rhode 
 Island. 
 
 END. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Abstracts, pay, 52. 
 
 Abuse of inhabitants, 60, 63, 64. 
 
 Adams, Sergeant, 44. 
 
 Alarm post, 25. 
 
 Alden, Colonel Ichabod, 2, 21, 24, 25, 27, 42, 43, 56, 67. 
 
 Alden's regiment, 2, 5, 26, 31, 37, 45, 46, 50, 74. 
 
 Allen, Captain Robert, trial of, 5, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 63. 
 
 Adjutant, 26. 
 Ammunition, 32, 45, 53. 
 Anniversary of Independence, 32. 
 Arms, condition of, 37. 
 Army, northern, deserters from, 39, 40, 42. 
 
 recruits for, 
 Ashley, Simeon, 28. 
 Austin, , 75, 80. 
 
 Baggage of General Lincoln, 3. 
 Bailey, Captain John, trial of, 5. 
 Ballard, Captain William H., 22. 
 Barber, Ensign, 107, 1 10, 1 14. 
 Barnard, Captain, 31. 
 Barracks, abuse of, 3, 20, 24, 25, 29. 
 
 inspection of, 9, 20, 29. 
 
 master's provision, 53. 
 
 to be cleansed, 37. 
 Barton, William, trial of, 5, 6. 
 Basset, Zebulon, trial of, 84, 85. 
 Bennington, success at, 63, 64. 
 Bigelow, Colonel, 43. 
 Billings, William, 28. 
 
 (119) 
 
I20 
 
 Boston regiment, 19, 23, 54. 
 Bradish, Major, 45. 
 Brazier, Benjamin, 74, 77. 
 Brewer, James, 28. 
 
 Colonel Samuel, 22. 
 Brewer's regiment, 22. 
 British movement up the Hudson, 97. 
 Brookfield, guard, 48. 
 Brooks, Lieut. Colonel John, 23. 
 Brown, Major Andrew, I, 14, 23, 26, 29. 
 
 Captain Benjamin, Court Martial of, 4. 
 
 Lieutenant John, 48, 57, 68, 82, 84. 
 Browne, Captain, 110, 112, 113. 
 Bryant, Captain, 18. 
 Bumstead, Captain, 19. 
 Burk, John, Court Martial of, 5, 6. 
 Burnham, Elijah, Court Martial of, 8. 
 Burton, Captain, 44, 53, 59, 75. 
 Butler, Lieut. Colonel, 99, 100. 
 Butterfield, John, 28. 
 
 Cambridge Bridge, 32. 
 
 guards at, 14. 
 Campbell, Joseph, trial, 71. 
 Carew, Adjutant, 46, 72, 74, 77, 89, 100. 
 Carill, John, trial, 73. 
 Carr, Captain Samuel, 40, 47, 63. 
 Cartridges, 40. 
 
 Cartwright, Captain Thomas, 40, 61, 76, no, 1 13. 
 Castang, Lieutenant, no, 113. 
 Champney, Robert, 28. 
 Chaplains, resolution of Congress, 19. 
 
 Chittenden, , 95. 
 
 Cleanliness, 20. 
 Clothing, 15. 
 
 sale of, 51. 
 
121 
 
 Cobb, Lieut. Colonel, 89, 100. 
 
 Coleman, Lieut. Col., 40. 
 
 Congress, Continental, on chaplains, 19. 
 
 Frye's case, 16 nott. 
 Cooper's tavern, 100. 
 Court Martial, general, i, 7, 15, 36, 47, 63, 6g, 77, 82. 
 
 regimental, 47, 57, 68, 107, no, H2, 113, 114. 
 Crafts, Edward, I, 27. 
 Crane, Colonel John, 3. 
 Crane's battalion, 9, 22, 30, 73. 
 Curtis, Major, 55, 70, 75. 
 Cushing, Captain, 1 1. 
 
 Davis, Captain, 54. 
 
 Colonel, 26, 66. 
 Deserters from militia, 96. 
 
 northern army, 39, 40, 42, 57. 
 imprisonment of, 41. 
 Destruction of property, 35. 
 Dolliver, Captain Peter, 40, 47, 63, 107, 108, 113. 
 Dorchester Heights, 27, 31, 36, 88. 
 
 provision store, 45. 
 Douglass, George, 75, 80. 
 Drew, Captain Seth, 40, 47, 52, 63. 
 Drown, Captain, 58, 69. 
 Drumming on the Lord's day, I. 
 
 near Court House, 6, 8. 
 Dunckerley, Adjutant Joseph, 63, 66, 75, 87, 89. 
 Dunnell, Lieut., 74. 
 
 Eddy, Captain, 40. 
 
 Edwards, Adjutant Thomas, 38, 71, 87, 97, 99, 115. 
 
 Ellis, Captain, 47, 50. 
 
 Enlistment of prisoners of war, 76. 
 
 Erwines, Adjutant, 107. 
 
122 
 
 Fellows, William, 28. 
 Flour, issues of, 60. 
 Flygh, John, 31. 
 Fort Hill, 54, 84. 
 
 Montgomery, 97. 
 Francis, Colonel Ebenezer, 12. 
 Frye, Lieutenant, 40. 
 
 Peter Pickman, 16, 23, 27, 36, 45, 54, 64, 71, 78. 
 Fuller, Lieut. Colonel, 21, 24. 
 Furloughs not to be granted, 30. 
 
 Gaming, order against, 13. 
 
 Gates, Major General, in, 1 14. 
 
 Gibson, G., 117. 
 
 Glinn, Hugh, trial of, 108. 
 
 Gooch, John, 39. 
 
 Greaton, Colonel John, I, 3, 4, 7, 21, 24, 27, 78., 
 
 Greaton's regiment, 3, 5, 25, 37. 
 
 Green, Jedediah, trial of, 73. 
 
 Greenleaf, Henry, 48. 
 
 trial of, 58, 59, 69, 75. 
 Grosvenor, Major, 98. 
 
 Guards, 2, 3, 6, 14, 41, 43, 44, 45, 48, 53, 54, 59, 77, 86. 
 at Connestoga Creek, 105, in. 
 Lancaster, 105. 
 Guns, firing of, II. 
 
 Hall, Benjamin, 71. 
 
 Hall's Wharf, 59. 
 
 Hancock, John, return to Boston, 3, 4. 
 
 Harpin, , 95. 
 
 Hart, Adjutant, 95, 98, 99. 
 
 Hastings, Captain, 57, 58, 69, 84, 85. 
 
 Hatch, Colonel, 33. 
 
 Hawkes, Lieutenant, William, 56, 57, 68, 113. 
 
 Heath, Major-General William, vii, 16 note, 27 note. 
 
123 
 
 Henley, Colonel David, 28, 77. 
 
 Henley's regiment, 29, 66, 71, 82, 83, 85, 89. 
 
 Hill, Ensign Philemon, 48, 68. 
 
 Hobby, Lieutenant, 112, 113. 
 
 Hold en. Captain, 40, 63. 
 
 Holmes, Lieut., 44, 55, 59. 
 
 Hopkins, John, 28, 39. 
 
 Horton, Samuel, trial of, 58. 
 
 Hospital, 3, 25, 27, 33, 43, 50. 
 
 Hubley, Lieutenant, 107. 
 
 Humphrey, , 95. 
 
 Hunt, Captain Abraham, 6. 
 
 Lieutenant, trial, no, 114, 115. 
 Hussey, Peter, trial of, 9. 
 Hywill, Fife Major, 7. 
 
 Independence, anniversary of, 32. 
 Inoculation, 7, 8, 33, 43, 50. 
 Invalids, 2, 7 
 Itch, treatment of men for, 112. 
 
 Jackson, Col. H., 22, 27, 28, 31, 32, 33, 36, 38, 40, 43, 45, 46, S4. SS. 
 56, 61, 63, 65, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78, 80, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87. 
 
 Colonel Michael, 21, 24, 33, 40, 47, 50, 56, 63, 65, 70, 72, 73. 
 
 Lieutenant, 112, 113. 
 Jackson's regiment, 4, 26, 35. 
 Jarvis, Captain Nathaniel, 61, no, 1 14. 
 Jenkins, Captain Josiah, 22. 
 
 Ensign, trial of, 113. 
 Jones, Captain James, 61. 
 
 King, Captain Samuel, 21, 22, 40, 47, 56. 
 Knapp, Captain Moses, 17, 65. 
 
 Labaratory guard, 3. 
 
 Lake, Thomas, 70, 82, 87, 88, 89. 
 
124 
 
 Lamb, Lieutenant, 112, 113. 
 
 Langdon, Captain John, 47, 52. 
 
 Lee, William Raymond, viii, 22, 29, 40, 47, 55, 63. 
 
 regiment of, 22, 28, 30, 38, 53, 66, 68, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 78, 82, 
 83, 85, 86. 
 Leverett, Lieutenant, 107, 1 10. 
 Lewson, Mrs. Catharine, 100. 
 Lincoln, Major-General Benjamin, 3. 
 
 Lieutenant John, 56. 
 Lovell, James, Ensign, 48, 57, 84. 
 Ludd, James, trial of, 67. 
 Lyman, Captain, 76. 
 
 Magazine guard, complaint of, 6. 
 
 Main guard, 43, 83, 87, 89. 
 
 Mansin, Henry, execution of, 1 1 6. 
 
 Marching of troops, 35, 36. 
 
 Marshall, Colonel Thomas, 8, 12, 21, 30, 34, 42, 44, 63, 70, 73, 78. 
 
 McBride, Daniel, trial of, 112. 
 
 McNeil, Captain, 72. 
 
 Medford, naval store, 71, 74. 
 
 Militia, 19, 95, 96, 97. 
 
 Mitchell, David, trial of, 71. 
 
 Richard, trial of, 22. 
 Money for recruiting, 15. 
 Morrison, Samuel, 10, 12. 
 Muskets, return of, 108. 
 Muster of regiments, 28, 52, 68, 99. 
 Myer, Wendell, execution of, 1 16. 
 
 Night patrol at Lancaster, 106. 
 
 Nixon, Colonel John, 37, 112. 
 
 North, Captain William, 68, 69, 75, 84, no. 
 
 Ofiicers, absence of at roll call, 62. 
 
 from quarters, 83, 107, 1 10. 
 
125 
 
 Officers, duty of, 62, 105. 
 
 recruiting, 34. 
 Orders for marching, 85, 87. 
 
 on the march, 91. 
 
 taking of, 38, 43. 
 Orne, Captain Joshua, 40, 47, 48, 49, 1 10, 1 13. 
 Orr, Samuel, trial of, 56. 
 Otis, Ensign, no. 
 
 Page, Captain, 12. 
 
 Parade ordered by Wayne, 109. 
 
 Parker, Lieutenant Isaac, 22. 
 
 Jonathan, 28. 
 Patients discharged from hospital, 25. 
 Patterson's Barracks, 29. 
 Pay abstracts, 52. 
 Peekskill, 97. 
 
 Perkins, Lieutenant James, 47, 52. 
 Phelan, Lieutenant, 114. 
 Physics for small pox, 115. 
 Pilsbury, Captain Daniel, 47, 64. 
 Plunder of private property, 95. 
 Plymouth wood cutters, 66, 85. 
 Politeness of men to officers, 109. 
 Poor, General, 97. 
 Powder magazine guard, 11, 17. 
 
 to Springfield, 2. 
 Prisoners, British, 13. 
 
 of war, enlistment of, 76. 
 Procter's militia, 88, 89. 
 Prospect Hill hospital, 8, 25, 27, 33. 
 Provisions, report on, 61. 
 
 store at Little Cambridge, 29. 
 Putnam, Major General Israel, 95. 
 Colonel Rufiis, 26, 37. 
 
126 
 Quartering of Soldiers, 60. 
 
 Randall, Captain, 56, 59. 
 
 Rations, daily, 38. 
 
 Recruiting money, 15. 
 
 Recruits, 8, 23, 57, 65, 70, 76, 86, 90. 
 
 Reed, Lieutenant, no, 1 13. 
 
 Return of Christian and surnames, 87. 
 
 muskets, 108. 
 
 tailors and shoemakers, 108. 
 
 weekly, 29. 
 Rice, Thomas, trial of, 30, 34. 
 Robins, Moses, 29. 
 Roll Call, attendance enjoined, 41. 
 
 Schuyler, Major General Philip, 37 note. 
 Scott, Captain, 75. 
 
 Drum Major, commended, I lo. 
 Selden, Lieutenant, 112. 
 Shepherd, Colonel William, 17, 21, 65, 67. 
 Sherburne, Colonel, 15, 78, 83. 
 
 provision magazine at, 67. 
 Shoemakers, return of, 108. 
 Silliman, General, 98. 
 Small pox, 7, 8, 115. 
 Smith, Ensign, 68, no, 113. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel William S., 97, 99, lOI, 105. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel, 45, 87. 
 Springfield, guard, 48. 
 
 powder to, 2. 
 Stanford, Moses, trial of, 69. 
 Stark, General John, 12. 
 
 success at Bennington, 63, 64. 
 Steams, Captain, 89. 
 Steward, John, trial of, 56. 
 Stores, guard for, 41, 44, 48. 
 
127 
 
 Stores, transportation of, 34. 
 
 Sturtevant, Lieutenant Isaac, 56, 60. 
 
 Sudbury, provision magazine, 66. 
 
 Sullivan, Major General John, 117. 
 
 Sumner, Captain Job, 5. 
 
 Swasey, Major Joseph, 40, 47, 55, 63, 75, 76. 
 
 Svifarthout, Captain, 100. 
 
 Symmes, Major Andrew, I, 2, 10, 23, 25, 33, 44. 
 
 Tailors, return of, 108. 
 
 Tattoo, 81. 
 
 Taverns, frequenting of, 81. 
 
 Teams for marching troops, II. 
 
 Teigli, Cornelius, trial of, 12, 21, 22. 
 
 Tents, distribution of, 88. 
 
 Thacher, Ensign, 113. 
 
 Ticonderoga, 35 note, 39. 
 
 Transportation weights, 22. 
 
 Trescott, Major Lemuel, 63, 1 10, 113. 
 
 Tuckerman, Isaac, Jr., 30. 
 
 Tudor, Lieut. Colonel, 45, 63. 
 
 Turner, Lieutenant, 114. 
 
 Tyler, Major, 45, no, 113. 
 
 Van Home, Captain, 1 1 3. 
 
 Varnum, Captain John, 64, 70, 75. 
 
 Vary, Benjamin, trial of, 9, 10. 
 
 Vose, Colonel Joseph, 7, 8, 9, 10, 17, 21, 24, 30, 33. 
 
 Vose's regiment, 1 1, 72. 
 
 Wadsworth, Captain Joseph, 47, 50, 63. 
 Walker, Lieutenant, 1 10, 1 14. 
 Warren, Doctor John, 3, 28. 
 Washington, General George, 13, loi. 
 Watson, Captain, 25. 
 Wayne, General Anthony, 109. 
 
128 
 
 Webb, Captain George, 21. 
 
 Colonel, 95. 
 Well diggers, 39. 
 White, Ensign, 63. 
 Whitsell, Lieut., 107. 
 Wigglesworth, Colonel Edward, 50. 
 Williams, Edward, trial of, II, 15. 
 
 Major Edward B., burial of, 4. 
 
 Josiah, trial, 65, 75, 78. 
 Wilton, William, 49. 
 Winship, Jonathan, 29. 
 Wood cutters, 55, 66, 86. 
 Woodward, Elijah, trial, 15, 17, 65, 75, 78. 
 Woolsey, Lieutenant, 48, 57. 
 Wyllys, Colonel, 31, 95, 96, 99, 100.