hi R3a I The date shows when this volume was taken, i- To renew this book copy the call No. and give to _^_^ the librarian. '_. HOME USE RULES, v^ All Books subject to Recall. All books must be returned at end of col- lege year for inspec- tion and repairs. Students must re- turn all books before leaving town. Officers should arrange for the return of books wanted during their absence from town. Books needed by more than one person are held on the reserve list. ■ Volumes of periodi- cals and of pamphlets ' are held in the library as much as possible. For special purposes ' they are given Out for a limited time. Borrowers should not use their library privileges for the bene- fit of other persoiis. ' 3odks of special value and gift books, when the giver wishes r it, are not allowed to circulate. Readers are asked to report all cases of books marked or muti- lated. ' 1 Do not deface book* by marks and writing. Cornell University Library Z1223.5.A1 R32 State documents for libraries olin 3 1924 031 037 462 MAY 24 1§1&^ u:n rvej^ s i TY d f : Issued Weekly Voi-.^ll , ^^ ° May 10, l^lS ■ [Entered as second-class matter CDfecelnDer 11, 1912, at the post office at tJrbatia, Illinois, under the Act of Augrust ?4, 1912] ' '^ B U L. L E T I N .No. 36 STATE POCIJMENTS FOR LIBRARIES ■by",, ">''■' ' . ,.'■'■-■■ ■,: "'-..■ ".■.-■ -/ ''' ERNEST J. REEGE ;;.- V PUBLISHED BY . ^ -. THE UjiJIV^SlTY OF ILLII>«3IS^'; URBANA. PSleEiifeBVEKTY-FIVB, CEIJTS _ Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031037462 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES BY ERNEST J. REECE INSTRUCTOR IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY SCHOOL PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 1915 A PREFACE The official literature of the states of the American union consti- tutes a body of material which may be of great value to libraries. Its use has been seriously hampered by the lack of uniformity which characterizes our state governments and their activities. > Without attempting to resolve the complexities of political organization it is believed that the presenting of certain facts and data will lessen the confusion surrounding state affairs and make; more accessible the records, statistics and knowledge contained in state documents. The pages that follow aim to define the scope and form of state documents, to suggest their value to libraries, to indicate the man- ner in which they may best be treated, and to throw light on, the methods of securing them. The book is designed as a guide rather than as a cheek-list or a list of document serials, altho represen- tative lists of a few important series and titles which occur in prac- tically all of the states are included. The law compilations are given because they are the most valuable single titles and are likely in most eases to remain standard for considerable time; the blue boolcs ap- pear because they are the most important serial publications and be- cause each deserves a place among the general almanacs and refer- ence books in the libraries of its state ; the reports of education de- partments are included simply as illustrating the degree of uniform- ity likely to be found among the publications of departments which have a general correspondence in function. The present work has grown out of a course in state documents given in the senior year at the University of Illinois Library School, the writer having felt that such parts of this course as could be put into printed form might be of value to librarians as well as to stu- dents. The descriptions, lists, and bibliographies are based chiefly on the collections in the University of Illinois Library. The term document as employed here includes all official litera- ture which is printed and published by or for a state, or of which an edition is bought by a state for distribution. It thus excludes manu- scripts and archives, and ignores the distinctions which might arise we' J the various plans and systems of publication to be considered. For information concerning the issue and distribution of docu- ments the author is indebted to state librarians and other persons in many states, and in particular to Mr. W. R. Reinick of Philadelphia. Acknowledgments are due also to Mr. J. B. Kaiser, librarian of the Tacoma Public Library, for suggestions concerning the outline of the work ; and to various members of the faculty and library staff of the University of Illinois for valuable assistance in its preparation. ERNEST J. RBECE. Urbana, Illinois, May 1, 1915 CONTENTS Page The field oe state documents 7 The selection of state documents for libraries 10 Description of state departments and documents 11 The treatment of state documents in libraries 70 The distribution of state documents Methods in the various states 76 Suggestions for a model law on printing and distribution . 101 Bibliographical matter Sources of information about state documents 103 Compilations of state official literature 129 Index 157 THE FIELD OP STATE DOCUMENTS The commonwealths which together form the United States of America are charged with many vital government services. The range of their functions is difficult to define, for various historical and political conditions have had part in determining it. To begin with, the very conception of a national compact implied the delega- tion of prerogatives to a central authority, and it became necessary to discuss what powers belonged rightly to the federal government and what to the states. As regards some points the question was easily settled. For the sake of protection, economy, expediency and a working agreement the colonies were very ready to relinquish cer- tain functions. Others, on the other hand, by very character re- ferred themselves to a local unit of government for regulation or execution. Moreover, the several colonies had grown up in accord- ance with distinct geographical and cultural groupings, represented reasonable homogeneity in population and interests, and were fitted individually to handle each its own problems. On many points there- fore there was general agreement. Some subjects, however, were seen to lie on the borderland between federal and state jurisdiction. They occasioned debate in the Philadelphia constitutional conven- tion, and have been conspicuous in American life ever since. The uncertainty as to the frontiers of federal and state authority applies not alone to those" functions which were accepted in 1787 as belong- ing to governments. It appears in connection with the myriad serv- ices which later years have thrust upon the official machinery of the nation, altho the greater proportion of the newly developed duties have without challenge been assumed by the states. In general the federal government may be said to concern itself with the fundamental law and with such matters relating to the com- mon welfare as demand central administration. The functions that remain are those of the states. They aggregate a large group, and as our social life becomes more complex they increase in number and scope. Moreover, they touch the individual citizen at more points than does the activity of the central government. Mr. Woodrow Wilson's epitome of state prerogative indicates its bearing upon every-day life. The one limitation upon it is that which the states 7 8 STATE DOCUMENTS FOK LIBRARIES themselves make by delegating certain of their powers to the mu- nicipalities within their borders. "All the civil and religious rights of our citizens depend upon state legislation; the education of the people is in the care of the states; with them rests the regulation of the suffrage; they prescribe the rules of marriage, the legal relations of husband and wife, of parent and child; they determine the powers of masters over ser- vants and the whole law of principal and agent, which is so vital a matter in all business transactions ; they regulate partnership, debt and credit, insurance ; they constitute all corporations, both private and municipal, except such as specially fulfill the financial or other specific functions of the federal government; they control the pos- session, distribution, and use of property, the exercise of trades, and all contract relations ; and they formulate and administer all crim- inal law, except only that which concerns crimes committed against the United States, on the high seas, or against the law of nations. Space would fail in which to enumerate the particulars of this vast range of power ; to detail its parts would be to catalog all social and business relationships, to examine all the foundations of law and order. ' '* Such is the sphere of the states. Obviously the official literature which grows out of their activities is of wide interest and import- ance. While the content of this literature admits of no close clas- sification it may be roughly divided into two groups. Primarily state documents are designed to record and report, so that the re- sponsible heads of an administration may have an accounting of what is done by their subordinates. They are therefore of value for their statements, in statistical and other form, of departmental work. In- formation is frequently sought upon such subjects, for instance, as the capitalization of a given railroad, the population of a certain jail, or the tax valuation of a county. Each of the activities with which these questions are concerned is supervised by some state agency, and the data regarding it appears therefore in some state publica- tion. More important than this record side of official literature, how- ever, is the contribution it is increasingly making to social advance. Many experiments are being tried in community life, and most of them are identified with states or cities. State documents tell the *Wilsoii, Woodrow, TTie state: elements of historical and -practical politics, 1909 (cl898) p. 473. THE FIELD OF STATE DOCUMENTS 9 story of what attempts the commonwealths are making to handle the various problems of social economics. Thus we may turn to state lit- erature for light on the latest tried methods of handling dependents, of regulating sanitation, of safeguarding the milk supply, of improv- ing highways, of granting street railway franchises, of wiping out disease in plants and animals. The reference value of state literature is thus at least twofold. On its record side it stands to aid the historian, the economist, the debater, the business man, and the citizen in the simpler and more every-day relations of life. From the standpoint of social interest it appeals to the student, the educator, the pastor, the settlement worker, and to all interested in community improvement. 10 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES THE SELECTION OF STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES The principles that apply to book selection generally govern the securing of state official literature. The subject requires definite and periodic attention, and material should be chosen according to a plan and with discrimination. Consideration should be given not alone to the character and content of the documents, but to the nature of the library concerned and to the interests of the community. It will be well first of all to settle upon certain series to be obtained regularly. For instance, since a library is an educational institution the publi- cations of the education department of the home state are among the desiderata. It is even more important to possess the current reports and bulletins from this office than to have recent works on pedagogy and school management. This principle holds for all the important series of state documents, and the files of such series ought to be kept complete. The selection of single titles is somev/hat less simple. Often a valuable official publication has no connection with a series. For example, in 1910 a specially constituted Massachusetts commis- sion investigated the cost of living and made a bulky report of its findings. This report appeared as a separate set and in no other form. Again, a useful work may be part of a series which there is no occasion to secure in its entirety. As an example, a Michigan library which did not desire a complete run of the reports of the Michigan State Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics might have use for the tenth number in this series, since that number con- tains a section devoted to the early history of labor in Detroit, and another which lists the strikes occurring throughout the world in the year of publication, 1892. Thus many documents are to be chosen for their individual worth. The list of state departments and documents beginning on page 11 will serve as a general aid to the selection of state official publi- cations. Suggestions for learning of the appearance of current ser- ials and separate titles will be found in the bibliographical lists on page 103 and following. It should be remembered that where a library is giving special attention to a particular subject it may be well to obtain relevant documents not only from the home state but from other commonwealths. DESCRIPTION OF STATE DEPARTMENTS AND DOCUMENTS 11 DESCRIPTION OF STATE DEPARTMENTS AND DOCUMENTS The activities of a state government are distributed among six groups of agencies. Two of these, the electorate and the constitu- tional conventions, are operative only periodically, yet the ease with which they influence policies and even change forms of government entitles them to recognition as parts of the machinery of the com- monwealth. The judicial, legislative and executive branches exist here as in the federal government. Finally there is in each state a loose class of offices which may be considered as together making up an administrative division. These perform duties which logically would fall to an executive department. No such department, however, has proved equal to the host of public services which now is demanded of the state. The result is that while the executive branch persists in name it retains only a few of its supposed functions. Most of its real work is distributed through the administrative group. In Illi- nois, for instance, there is an executive department, consisting of the governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of state, treasurer, auditor, attorney-general, and superintendent of public instruction. Rela- tively little of the executive work is carried on directly by these of- ficials, however, and what is done by them is almost entirely super- visory and investigative in nature. The greater part is conducted by various boards and commissions — some regular, some special — each constituted for its particular task and preferably manned by ex- perts. Thus we find bodies authorized to administer state institu- tions, to regulate trades, professions and commerce, to specify condi- tions of living and social custom, and to investigate matters of pub- lic interest in the fields of science, economics, sociology and useful arts. In summary the groups of state agencies are as follows: 1. Electorate 2. Constitutional conventions 3. Judicial department 4. Legislative department 5. Executive department 6. Administrative department This classification holds for all states. The divisions of the de- partments vary in number, size, constitution, responsibility, scope. 12 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES tenure and name. As an aid to the description of state literature there appears on the following pages a composite outline represent- ing an arbitrary scheme of state government. As far as possible it conforms to actual conditions ; beyond this it offers simply a conven- ient arrangement. The important offices are described at some length, and notes defining the nature and uses of their publications are added. Where extended descriptions of offices or publications are lacking it is because of relative unimportance or because the nec- essary information can be conveyed by analogy or by reference to the place which the office or publication occupies in the scheme. I. ELECTORATE Since the only official action of the electorate is that which it takes at the ballot box it is directly responsible for no publications. Technically the voting populace must be increasingly recognized as a partner of the legislature in the making of laws. The documents produced in this connection are considered under the head of Leg- islatures. II. CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS Specially constituted bodies meet at irregular intervals to frame or amend the organic law. They vary in method of appointment, make-up and procedure. In some instances their work must be rati- fied by the voters of the state. Publications Constitutions. The result of a convention's work is the finished constitution. This usually appears separately, again in the blue book (see p. 27), and in the collections of statutes. Journals. Minutes of convention sessions are kept day by day and are issued under the title of journal as a record of business ac- tually done by the body. Debates. A second daily report, known as debates, is fre- quently prepared. This differs from the journal in that it is made up largely of resolutions and digests of discussions. III. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT State tribunals are of various grades and kinds, the most import- ant being the supreme, appellate and circuit courts. They deal mainly with matters lying within the jurisdiction of the law of the home ^ CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL PUBLICATIONS 13 State, tho under certain circumstances they may sit on eases in which citizens of their own state oppose citizens of another state. In some instances appeal may be carried from them to the United States Su- preme Court. Publications Reports. The opinion of the court in each case that comes before it is prepared by the justices and delivered by one of them. These opinions, together with other data relating to each action, are printed and bound periodically in volumes of convenient size under the title of reports. Court reports are one of the few groups of documents for which a money charge is rather commonly made. Digests. Indexes to series of reports, with condensed statements of cases, are prepared from time to time. These digests summarize the points of law definitely decided by the courts in cases reported. Sometimes they are official and sometimes unofficial in origin. Both these and the reports proper are of value mainly to law libraries. IV. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT The legislatures are the chief law-making bodies in the states, altho the electorates are a growing factor in the framing and adop- tion of legislation. Legislatures vary in name, make-up and proce- dure. Information regarding them which will facilitate the hand- ling of their publications appears in the table on page 25. Publications 1. statutes* From the standpoint of the reference desk state laws are among the most important of all groups of public documents. Enquiries regarding taxation, franchise, liquor regulation, food manufacture and similar topics are frequent. Not all such questions can be answered by the librarian, it is true, for often they hinge upon mat- ters of common law or of court opinion as well as of statute. The whole law upon a given subject may not be gathered in any one place, and if it is so gathered it may be unintelligible to the layman. Nevertheless such collections of state laws as exist in a given com- monwealth should be on the shelves of the libraries of that state. There are two groups of these publications, first compilations and second session laws. *For a general discussion of state statutes and their production see Jones, C. L., Statute law mxiking in the United States, 1912. 327 pp O. 14 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES a. Compilations. The compilations in question include all such works as attempt to present any considerable body of the law ac- tually in force at a specified time. They do not embrace collec- tions of laws upon a single subject, but only the larger attempts to gather and publish the general active law. They vary in form, con- tent and authority. Usually they are classified and arranged accord- ing to subject. Ordinarily they omit local, private and temporary legislation. Repealed and superseded statutes may or may not be left out, but if omitted references to them are likely to be given, since dead legislation often has bearing upon present day questions. Usually the compilations include beside state laws the state constitution, often the United States constitution, and frequently other constitutional documents. They may or may not be supplied with cross-references, or annotated with references to eases and digests. Law compilations may be grouped according to three types. There are first such simple unofficial compilations of statute law as are prepared by some editor or publishing house as a private ven- ture. These are undertaken usually in response to the demand of the legal profession for a collection of statutes. They consist ordi- narily of a classified indexed arrangement of the legislative enact- ments actually in force at a given time. The state has nothing to do with the preparation of such compilations, although subsequent to publication they may be made official by legislative act. This course was followed in 1913 with regard to Mills' Annotated statutes of Colorado. The second type of compilation appears when a collection of statutory law is authorized to be made, the authorization coming usually from the legislature and the work being delegated to a tem- porary or regular commissioner or commissioners, to a body of law- yers, to a committee of justices, or to other designated officers. Such a compilation may be official only in the sense that it is made by officials charged with the task. It may receive further sanction by being endorsed by the legislature, by the attorney-general or by the secretary of state. Or it may be actually adopted or enacted as the statute law of the state, in which case it becomes an official re- vision, similar in force to the United States Revised statutes. The third form of compilation is the code, between which and the other forms some very vital distinctions hold. Ordinary compila- COMPILATIONS OF STATUTES 15 tions are simply collections of the statute law of the state. This is not by any means all the law. Rather it consists mainly of the changes which have been made by statute in the common law, plus certain material which has to do with state organization and government. A code, on the other hand, is in the strict sense of the term a work which purports to give all the law — including common law plus statutes plus related court decisions plus relevant judicial opinions — upon a given group of legal subject matter. It may be restricted to one branch of law, e.g., the law of private rights and obligations, or may cover this together with political and penal pro- visions and judicial procedure. Since a code is intended as a com- plete statement of the written and unwritten law of the state upon a given body of subject matter it supersedes all earlier legislative enactments and the whole common law relating to that body of sub- ject matter. Very few states have complete codes covering all branches of the law. Probably two thirds of the states, however, have codified one or more branches.* In actual usage the word code is loosely employed, being applied often to mere collections of law. Its presence in a title therefore is not a certain indication as to the nature of a work. The following is a list of the latest and best law compilations in the various states. Codes proper are entered where they are of recent imprint. "Where codes do not exist, or where they are not in separate form or of late date, such other compilations as have been made are given. As far as possible the style of entry chosen is such as to indicate in each case whether or not the work has been in any way authorized by the state. ALABAMA Alabama. Legislature. Code of Alabama, adopted by act of the leg- islature . . . Prepared by J. J. Mayfield, Code Commissioner. Nashville, Tenn., Marshall & Bruce, 1907. 3v., Q. $6.00. ARIZONA Arizona. Legislature. Eevised statutes of Arizona, 1913 . . . Com- *The greatest impulse to the codifying of state law in this country is due to the work of David Dudley Field. An account of his work appears in American law review S8:408. Further data concerning codes and codification will be found in Essays on Anglo-American legal history, Boston, Little, 1907, v. 2, p. 6i3, and in Warren, Charles, History of the American lar, Boston, Little, 1911, chapter 19. 16 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES piled. . .by S. L. Pattee, Code Commissioner... McNeil Co., Phoenix, 1913. 2v., Q. One volume devoted to the civil code, the other to the penal code. ARKANSAS Arkansas. General assembly. Digest of the statutes of Arkansas, embracing all laws of a general nature in force at the close of the session of the General Assembly of 1903, by W. P. Kirby. . . Pub. by the authority of the General Assembly. . . Austin, Tex., Gammel-Statesman Pub. Co., 1904. 1942 pp. 0. $2.50. Castle, J. T.^ conip. Supplement to Kirby 's digest of Arkansas statutes. Indianapolis, Bobbs, 1912. $6.50. CALIFOENIA Deering, J. H., ed. General laws of California, as amended up to the end of the session of 1909 . . . San Francisco, Bancroft- Whitney Co., 1909. 1778 pp., S. Political code of the state of California. . .with amend- ments up to an including those of. . .1909. . . 1878 pp. Civil code of the state of California . . . with amend- ments up to and including those of . . . 1909 . . . 1140 pp. ■ Penal code of the state of California. . .with amend- ments up to and inchiding those of . . . 1909 . . . 1204 pp. Code of civil procedure of the state of California. . .with amendments up to and including those of. . .1909. . . 1169 pp. COLORADO Gabriel, J. H., comp. Mills' annotated stautes of Colorado. Eev. ed. Embracing all general laws of the state except code of civil procedure in force Jan. 1, 1912. Denver, Mills Pub. Co., 1913. 2v., 0. Made official by Session laws of Colorado, 1913, p. 406. Morrison, R. S., and De Soto, Emilio, conips. Colorado statutes an- notated, with all acts and amendments up to and including 1911 session of the Legislature. With complete legislative history and digest of citations to date. . . Denver, Courtwright, 1911- 12. 5v., D. COMPILATIONS OF STATUTES 17 CONNECTICUT Connecticut. General assembly. General statutes of Connecticut. Eevision of 1902, in force July 1, 1902. Case, Lockwood & Brainard Co., Hartford, 1902. 1505 pp. Q. It is expected that the next legislature (1915) will appoint a committee to prepare a new revision of the laws. DELAWARE Delaware. General Assembly. Revised statutes of the state of Dela- ware of 1852, as they have since been amended, together with . . . laws of a public and general nature ... to 1893 . . . Wilmington, Mercantile Printing Co., 1893. 1017 pp., 0. A legislative commission is working on a new compilation. It is probable that this commission will report in 1915 and that the legislature will then enact a new code. FLORIDA Florida. Legislature. General statutes of the state of Florida . . . St. Augustine, The Record Co., 1906. 1841 pp., Q. "Prepared under authority of and adopted by the legislature of the state of Florida." GEORGIA Georgia. General assembly. Code of the state of Georgia, adopted Aug. 15, 1910. Prepared by J. L. Hopkins. Atlanta, Foote & Davies Co., 1911. 2v., Q. HAWAII Hawaii. Legislature. Revised laws of Hawaii. Comprising the stat- utes of the territory, consolidated, revised and annotated . . . Honolulu, Hawaiian Gazette Co., 1905. 1451 pp. Q. A commission is working on a new compilation and will probably present it to the legislature in 1915. IDAHO Idaho. Legislature. Revised codes of Idaho . . . Prepared by J. F. MacLane, Code Commissioner. Boise, Syms-York Co., 1908. 2 v., Q. 18 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES ILLINOIS Hurd, H. B., comp. Revised statutes of the state of Illinois, 1913. Containing all the general statutes of the state in force Jan. 1, 1914. Chicago, Legal News Co., 1914. 2770 pp. Q. Simply a compilation. Jones, W. C. (md Addington, K. H., comps. Annotated statutes of the state of Illinois in force Jan. 1, 1913. Chicago, Callaghan, 1913. 6v., Q. INDIANA Burns, Harrison. Annotated Indiana statutes, 1914. Indianapolis, Bobbs, 1914. 5 v., Q. $25.00. IOWA Iowa. General assembly. Annotated code of the state of Iowa . . . Published by authority of the state. Des Moines. F. E. Cona- way, 1897. 2362 pp. Q. ■ Supplement to the code of Iowa, 1913, containing all laws of a general and permanent nature enacted by the twenty-sev- enth. .. [to the] thirty-fifth General Assemblies, with annota- tions to the code and supplement. . . Edited by C. S. Wilcox. . Published by authority of the state. Des Moines, State Printer, 1914. KANSAS Dassler, C. T. W., comp. General statutes of Kansas, 1909. Authen- ticated... 2474 pp., 0. Examined by the Attorney-general and Secretary of State before pub- lication, and purchase of copies for distribution authorized by Legislature. Never any re-enactment, however. KENTUCKY Carroll, J. D., comp. Kentucky statutes. Containing all general laws not included in the codes of practice . . . 4th ed. Louis- ville, Courier-Journal, 1909. 2100 pp. Q. A new edition is expected in 1915. COMPILATIONS OF STATUTES 19 LOUISIANA Wolff, Solomon. Constitution and revised laws of Louisiana . . . 2nd ed. . . New Orleans, Hansell, "1904. 2v., 0. Supplemental to the edition of this work in two volumes, and contains all the statutes of a general nature enacted by the General Assembly at the regular sessions of 1904, 1906, 1908 and the extra session of 1907, New Orleans, Han- sell, 1910. 1026 pp., 0. MAINE Maine. Legislature. Revised statutes. . .passed Sept. 1, 1903 and taking effect Jan. 1, 1904. Portland, Loring, Short & Harmon, 1904. 1020, 489 pp., Q. A new compilation is being made and will be reported to the legislature in 1915. MARYLAND Bagby, G. P., conip. Annotated code of the public civil laws of Maryland . . . Comprising all the public and general civil laws of the state, down to and inclusive of the acts of Assembly of 1910... Baltimore, King Bros., 1911. 2v., Q. MASSACHUSETTS Massachusetts. General court. Eevised laws of the commonwealth of Massachusetts. Enacted Nov. 21, 1901, to take effect Jan. 1, 1902 . . . Boston, Wright & Potter, 1902. 2v., Q. Supplement to the revised laws of the commonwealth of Massachusetts, containing the general laws enacted in the years 1902 to 1908 inclusive. . . 1910. 1686 pp., Q, Authorized by the General Court, but not a re-enactment. MICHIGAN Campbell, C. P. Howell's annotated statutes of Michigan, including the acts of the second extra session of 1912. . . 2nd ed. Chi- cago, Callaghan, 1913. 6v., Q. $36.00. MINNESOTA Minnesota. Legislature. General statutes of Minnesota, 1913. Pub- lished under the authority of the Legislature by virtue of an act 20 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES approved April 20, 1911. .. Comp. and ed. by P. B. Tiffany. St. Paul, West Pub. Co., 1913. 2473 pp. Q. MISSISSIPPI Mississippi. Legislature. Mississippi code of 1906, of the public statute laws of the state of Mississippi . . . Adopted by the Leg- islature at its special session in 1906 . . . Nashville, Brandon Printing Co., 1906. 1531 pp., Q. MISSOURI Missouri. General assembly. Revised statutes of the state of Mis- souri, 1909. . . Revised and promulgated by the 45th General Assembly. . . Jefferson City, Mo., Hugh Steffens Printing Co. 3v., Q. A commission of fifteen lawyers to consider the revision of the Missouri code of court procedure was appointed in May, 1914. MONTANA Montana. Legislative assembly. Revised codes of Montana of 1907 . Compiled and revised pursuant to authority of Laws . . . 1907, chap. 85 by E. C. Day, Commissioner... Helena, State Pub. Co., 1908. 2v., Q. NEBRASKA Cobbey, J. E., comp. . . .Annotated statutes of Nebraska. . . Bea- trice, Neb., J. E. Cobbey, 1911. 3920, 262 pp., (or 2v). 0. Nebraska. Legislature. Revised statutes of the state of Nebraska, 1913. Containing all laws of Nebraska, of a general nature, in force Jan. 1, 1914... Lincoln, State Journal Co., 1914. 2872 pp., Q. NEVADA Nevada. Legislature. Revised laws of Nevada, containing state statutes of a general nature from 1861 revised to 1912. . .with annotations... Carson City, Supt. of State Printing, 1912. 2v., Q. $14.00. NEW HAMPSHIRE Chase, W. M., and Chase, A. H., comps. Public statutes of the state of New Hampshire, and general laws in force January 1, 1901 . . . Concord, E. C. Eastman, 1900. 1021 pp., Q. COMPILATIONS OF STATUTES 21 . — Supplement to the public statutes of New Hampshire . . . giving all amendments. . .1901 to 1913 inclusive, together with a combined index of the public statutes. . .and this supple- ment. . . Concord, Chase & Chandler, 1914. 864 pp., Q. NEW JERSEY Soney and Sage. Compiled statutes of New Jersey . . . Newark, Soney & Sage, 1911. 5v., Q. $25.00. NEW MEXICO New Mexico. Legislature. Compiled laws of New Mexico [1897], in accordance with an act of the Legislature. . . Santa Fe, New Mexican Printing Co., 1897. 1159 pp., Q. A new edition of compiled laws will be ready June 1, 1915. NEW YORK Birdseye, C. F., Cumming, R. C, and Gilbert, F. B. Annotated con- solidated laws of the state of New York as amended to Jan. 1, 1910. . . N. Y., Bank Law Pub. Co., 1909. 7v., Q. $48.00. V. 8-9. 1911-12. $12.00. NORTH CAROLINA Pell, G. P., comp. Revisal of 1908 of North Carolina [laws] . . . Charleston, S. C, Walker, Evans & Cogswell, 1908. 2v., 0. $15.00. Cumulative supplement . . . being all the new acts and amendments of acts which have been passed at the sessions of the General Assembly of 1909 and 1911. . . vol. 3. Charleston, S. C, Walker, Evans and Cogswell Co., 1911. 359 pp., 0. NORTH DAKOTA North Dakota. Legislative assembly. Compiled laws of the state of North Dakota, 1913. . . Rochester, N. Y., Lawyer's Co-opera- tive Publishing Co., 1914. 2v., Q. OHIO Page, W. H. and Adams, J. J. Annotated general code of Ohio of 1910, and all laws of a general nature passed since its adoption and in force Jan. 1, 1912. . . Cincinnati, Anderson, 1912. 7v., Q. $35.00. 22 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES OKLAHOMA Oklahoma. Legislature. Revised laws of Oklahoma, 1910 ... St. Paul, Minn., The Pioneer Co., 1912. 2v., Q. OREGON Oregon. Legislative assembly. Lord's Oregon laws, showing all the laws of a general nature in force in the state of Oregon... 1910. Compiled and annotated by W. P. Lord, Code Commis- sioner, and R. W. Montague . . . Salem, W. S. Duniway, 1910. 3v., Q. PENNSYLVANIA Pepper, G. W. and Lewis, W. D. Digest of the laws of Pennsylva- nia, 1700 to 1907... 2nd ed. . . Phila., Johnson, 1910. 4v., Q. $24.00. Attorney-geneTal's oface states that a supplement has recently been pub- lished. Stewart, Ardemus, comp. Digest of the statute law of Pennsylva- nia from. . .1700 to 1903 (with the laws of 1905 in the appen- dix). 13th ed. Phila., Geo. T. Bisel Co., 1905. 5v., Q. ■ Supplement, to Jan. 1, 1912. Usually referred to as Stewart's Purdon's digest. Originally compiled in 1811 by John Purdon. RHODE ISLAND Rhode Island. General assembly. General laws of Rhode Island. Revision of 1909. Providence, E. L. Freeman Co., 1909. 1408 pp., Q. SOUTH CAROLINA South Carolina. General assembly. Code of laws of South Carolina, 1912... Prepared by A. J. Bethea, Code Commissioner... Charlottesville, Va., The Michie Co., 1912. 2v., Q. An edition of the acts of the legislature is regularly issued in compiled form every ten years by the Code Commissioner. The laws of each year are also issued by this oflScer. SOUTH DAKOTA South Dakota compiled laws, 1913. Pierre, S. D., Hippie Print- ing Co., 1913. 2v. $12.50. ' ' Printed from original linotype slugs of the official revised codes of 1903 and compiled laws of 1908 and 1910, as authorized by legislature. The com- pilation of 1910 was endorsed by the Legislature. — Puhlisher's note. COMPILATIONS OF STATUTES 23 TENNESSEE Shannon, R. T., comp. Public and permanent statutes of a general nature, being an annotated code of Tennessee . . . Nashville, Marshall & Bruce, 1896. 1952 pp., Q. Supplement to Shannon's code, embracing the existing permanent and public statutes of the state of Tennessee enacted since . . . 1896 . . . '1904. 926 pp. Q. A new annotated code is being prepared by this compiler. It will probably be in 3 volumes and sell for about $25.00. TEXAS McEachin, J. S. Annotated civil statutes of the state of Texas . . . Chicago, Flood, 1913. 4v., Q. Texas. Legislature. Revised civil statutes of the state of Texas, adopted... 1911. Austin, 1912. 1996 p., Q. Vernon's Sayles' annotated civil statutes of the state of Texas. . . Embracing the revised statutes of the state of Texas adopted at the regular session of the 32nd Legislature, 1911. Incorpor- ating under appropriate headings of the revised statutes, 1911, the legislation passed at the regular and special sessions of the 32nd and 33rd Legislatures, to the close of 1913. Kansas City, Mo., Vernon Law Book Co., 1914. 5v., $33.00. UTAH Utah. Legislature. Compiled laws of the state of Utah, 1907. Com- piled, annotated and published by authority of an act of the Leg- islature... Salt Lake City, Skelton Pub. Co., 1908. 1697 pp., Q. VERMONT Vermont. General assembly. Public statutes of Vermont, 1906 . . Concord, Rumford Printing Co., 1907. 1302, 380 pp., Q. VIRGINIA Pollard, J. G., comp. Code of Virginia as amended to adjournment of General Assembly, 1904; together with all other statutes of a general and permanent nature then in force ... St. Paul, Minn. West Pub. Co., 1904. 2v., Q. 24 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES Supplement to the code of Virginia, containing all stat- utes of a general and permanent nature passed by the General Assembly at its sessions of 1906, 1908 and 1910. . . Richmond, Everett Waddey Co., 1910. 1027 pp., Q. Code biennial, 1912, containing all statutes of a general and permanent nature passed by the General Assembly of Vir- ginia at its session of 1912, also annotations to the code of Vir- ginia, 1904, and the general acts subsequent thereto . . . 1912. 399 pp., Q. "The legislature of 1914 made provision for appointment hj the governor of three lawyers for the purpose of compiling a new code. This work will prob- ably take two years or more. ' ' WASHINGTON Pierce, F., conip. Washington code, [including laws of 1911J. Seattle. National Law Book Co. $11.50. Remington, Arthur aiid Ballinger, R. A. Annotated codes and stat- utes of Washington, showing all statutes in force, including the extraordinary session laws of 1909 . . . San Francisco, Ban- croft-Whitney Co., 1910. 2v., Q. Supplement, showing all statutes of a general nature passed at the sessions of 1911 and 1913. 1914. 1125 pp., Q. WEST VIRGINIA Hogg, C. E., comp. ...West Virginia code, annotated. Contain- ing. . .the code as amended by legislation to and including the regular session of the year 1913. With historical and explana- tory notes to prior statutes and full and complete notes of all applicable decisions... St. Paul, Minn., West Pub. Co., 1914. 3v. $15.00. WISCONSIN Wisconsin. Legislature. Wisconsin statutes, 1913. Embracing all general laws in force at the close of the general session of 1913, consolidated and in part revised pursuant to sections 116, 117, 20.17 and 20.18 of these statutes. By L. J. Nash, Revisor, and A. T. Belitz, Asst. Revisor. . . Madison, 1913. 2705 pp., Q. SESSION LAWS 25 WYOMING Wyoming. Legislature. Wyoming compiled statutes, annotated, 1910. Including all laws of the state, of a permanent nature, in force and effect on March 10, 1909 . . . Comp. by W. E. Mullen, Atty.-gen. . . . Laramie, Laramie Republican Co., 1910. 1596 PP-, Q- b. Session laws. Session laws form the other large body of stat- utory reference material. They comprise all the legislation of what- ever character produced by a given session of a legislature. Usually they are bound, one volume to a session, and issued shortly after the adjournment of the legislature. Thus they serve as supplements to the general compilations of statutes. They are superseded when such of their contents as are of permanent force are put into a new general compilation, but should neverthless be preserved because of the temporary matter they contain and because reference to the orig- inal legislation is sometimes necessary. Session laws vary in form, name, and time of appearance. As an aid in securing and handling them the following list is given showing the name of the legislature, the time of its meeting, and the title given to the session laws in each state. State Name of Legislature Meeting Title of session laws Alabama Legislature Quadrennial (1911, ete.) (1) Local acts (2) General laws Arizona Legislature Odd year Acts, resolutions and memorials Arkansas General Assembly- Odd year Public and private acts California Legislature Odd year Statutes and amend- ments to the codes Colorado General Assembly Odd year Laws Connecticut General Assembly Odd year Public acts Delaware General Assembly Odd year Laws Florida Legislature Odd year Acts and resolutions Georgia General Assembly Annual Acts and resolutions Hawaii Legislature Odd Year Laws Idalio Legislature Odd Year General laws Illinois General Assembly Odd Year Laws Indiana General Assembly Odd Year Laws Iowa General Assembly Odd Year Acts and joint reso- lutions Kansas Legislature Odd Year Session laws Kentucky Louisiana General Assembly General Assembly Even Year Even Year Acts Acts 26 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES State Name of Legislature Meeting Title of session laws Maine Legislature Odd Year Acts and resolves Maryland General Assembly Even Year Laws Massachusetts General Court Annual Acts and resolves Michigan Legislature Odd year Public acts Minnesota Legislature Odd year General laws Mississippi Legislature Quadrennial (1912, etc. Laws with speci al sessions bien- nially.) Missouri General Assembly Odd year Laws Montana Legislative Assembly Odd year Laws, resolutions and memorials Nebraska Legislature Odd year Laws, joint resolu- tions and memorials Nevada Legislature Odd year Statutes New Hampshire General Court Odd year Laws New Jersey Legislature Annual Acts New Mexico Legislature Odd year Laws New York Legislature Annual Laws North Carolina General Assembly Odd year (1) Public laws and resolutions (2) Private laws North Dakota Legislative Assembly Odd year Laws Ohio General Assembly Odd year Legislative acts and joint resolutions Oklahoma Legislature Odd year Session laws Oregon Legislative Assembly Odd year General laws Pennsylvania General Assembly Odd year Laws Ehode Island General Assembly Annual Acts and resolves South Carolina General Assembly Annual Acts and joint reso- lutions South Dakota Legislature Odd year Laws Tennessee General Assembly Odd year (1) Public acts (2) Private acts Texas Legislature Odd year (1) General laws (2) Local and spe- ial laws Utah Legislature Odd year Laws Vermont General Assembly Odd year; (even year thro 1912) Acts and resolves Virginia General Assembly Even year Acts and joint reso- lutions Washington Legislature Odd year Session laws West Virginia Legislature Odd year Acts Wisconsin Legislature Odd year Session laws. . . Wyoming Legislature Odd year Session laws BLUE BOOKS 27 c. Subject compilations. As a matter of general convenience the statutes of a given state relating to a particular subject are fre- quently gathered and published as a separate. This is done in some cases by the department interested, and in others by the office of the secretary of state or attorney-general. Examples are the following : lo-WA. Auditor of state. Laws of .. .Iowa relating to insurance, also to corporations for pecuniary profit. Annotated . . . Des Moines, 1909. Pennsylvania. Highway department. Pennsylvania road laws. Harris- biirg, 1906. Wisconsin. Secretary of state. Registry and election laws of. . .Wisconsin, with forms and instructions for the use of county, city, village and town ofiSeers... Madison, 1894. Such separates as these are numerous. Education, elections, health, corporations, municipal affairs, taxation, mining and piire foods are a few of the topics commonly covered by them. 2. Blue Books It is a common practice to print in some form certain matter of general official and statistical information concerning the state. Often this is collected in a separate volume, variously known as blue book, manual, Tiand hook, directory, red book, roster, year book, or register. When so published it corresponds in a measure to the congressional directory. It is usually designed primarily for the benefit of members of the legislature, but often contains much that is of value to other state officials and to the public. In most cases there appear in it the state constitution, rosters of state and county of- ficials, statistics of census and election returns, biographical sketches of officers, rules of the legislative houses, and sections which list the various government departments and describe their organization and duties. Party platforms and the United States constitution are frequently included. Some i)lue books add to this much material of general interest. That issued by the state of Connecticut contains, for example, the following important headings : Declaration of Independence. Constitution of the United States. Connecticut charter and constitutions. Eoster of state officers. Make-up of legislative committees. Eules of legislative houses. Lists of justices of the peace and notaries public. Eoster of town, county and borough officers. 28 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES Lists of officers of institutions, both state and private. Statistics of public libraries. Statistics of banks and railroads. Descriptions of towns of the state. Data concerning political organizations and party votes. Lists of towns showing whether or not sale of liquor is allowed. Statistics concerning churches, and directory of church organizations. Lists of dentists and practicing physicians. Guide to the press of Connecticut. Organization of the United States government. Postal regulations. Connecticut post-office directory. Historical roster of United States and Connecticut offices. Map showing counties and senatorial districts. General map of Connecticut. Some blue books include even more than this. The California Blue book or state roster gives the usual official and statistical data and adds articles and illustrations setting forth the state's history and natural advantages, and others treating matters of national in- terest. For illustration the edition of 1907 contains the following sections : History of the American flag. Statement concerning the statue of Columbus in the state capitol. Description of the state flower. Origin and meaning of the names of counties. List of legal holidays in the state. Illustrated article on Franciscan missions and other California landmarks. Political history of California. Lists of officers of other states and territories. Lists of federal officials in California. The Oklahoma Red hook is conspicuous for its historical features. It appeared first in 1912, in two volumes, the first of which is a com- pilation of papers relating to the founding and growth of the com- monwealth. Among state documents the material represented in blue books has a reference value second only to that of the statutes. More than half of the states issue blue books of the type described above. Most of the others publish in some form certain parts of the usual blue book information. This may mean a manual of such data as is of immediate value to legislators for desk or pocket reference, or it may be no more than a bare directory of state officials. Again, it may not appear separately, but may be incorporated with some other state publication. For example, the report of the Secretary of the Com- BLUE BOOKS 29 monwealth of Virginia and the report of the Attorney-general of West Virginia contain rosters of state officers. Often a directory is issued in addition to a blue book. In a few instances a private compilation supplements or takes the place of an official blue book. The list below indicates the best collection of of- ficial and statistical information about each state. The blue books are classified here because they pertain largely to legislative matters and are usually prepared by legislative authority. The secretary of state is often the official compiler, but sometimes the work is done by other departments. For example, the Indiana Legislative and state manual is compiled by the State Librarian, the Wisconsin Blue hook by the Industrial Commission, and the Massachiisetts Manual for tJie general court by the clerks of the legislative houses. Alabama. Archives and history department. Alabama official and statistical register. . . 1903 — A very well edited blue book. Gives lists of state and county officers, sketches of state officers, and statistics of population and election returns. Appears bien- nially, in odd years. Compiled under the law of 1901. The volume for 1903 con- tains a list of constitutional conventions of Alabama, 1819-1901, with a bibliog- raphy of each convention. Arizona. Secretary of state. State and county officials of Arizona . . 1912— Pamphlet, of pocket size. On cover Blue Boole. Contains only brief lists of officers, newspapers and organizations. Arkansas. Secretary of State. Biennial report . . . Gives the state constitution, the personnel of the state and county organiza- tion both present and past, election statistics, descriptive matter, and a few items that belong strictly to the report of the Secretary of State. Appears at beginning of odd years. California. Secretary of state. California blue book or state ros- ter... 1891— A comprehensive work, which includes an unusually large number of descrip- tive sections. Appears biennially, in odd years. Colorado. Secretary of state. Legislative manual, containing a list of state officers, executive and judicial. . .the constitution of the state, etc. . . . Contained constitutions of Colorado and of the United States, lists of state and county officers. House and Senate rules, population and election statistics. Appeared at the beginning of odd years. None issued since 1903. 30 STATE DOCUMENTS FOE LIBKARIES Colorado. Secretary of state. Roster of elected officers and tabu- lated statement of the votes cast. .. [together with the House, Senate, and joint rules] . Contents as indicated by title. Does not take the place of the discontinued Legislative manual. Connecticut. Secretary of state. Register and manual . . . Pre- pared pursuant to section 108 of the General Statutes . . . 1887 — One of the best blue books, containing more than the usual amount of in- formation about the non-official activities of the state. Appears annually. Delaware. Secretary of state. Official list of state officers, boards, commissions, and county officers. . . Nothing more than a list of offices and officials. Mules of the house is also issued as a pamphlet. No blue book is published by Delaware. Florida. Secretary of state. [Biennial] report. Includes a brief section devoted to lists of state boards and officers and of county officers. Appears in odd years. No blue book proper published. (Georgia) — Caldwell^ A. B., 'puh. Georgia annual. A compendium of useful information about Georgia . . . Atlanta, 1911 — A private publication, but a fairly satisfactory substitute for an official blue book. Lacks the constitution and description of departments, but serves well as a directory of the government and of institutions, organizations and professions. (Hawaii) — Thrum, T. G., puh. Hawaiian almanac and annual... Honolulu, 1875— Not a blue book, but a work of general reference concerning Hawaii. Includes lists of county, territorial and federal officials, statistics of population, industry and elections, tables of distances and elevations, information about organizations, and descriptive and historical articles. Idaho. Secretary of state. Biennial report . . . The report of the Secretary of State occupies but a small part of the pamph- let, the remainder being given up to lists of state and county officers and of notaries public, and an abstract of election returns. Appears at close of even year. Idaho issues no blue book. Illinois. Secretary of state. Blue book of the state of Illinois... 1903— Well compiled. Contains all the usual blue book material except rules of the legislative houses. Appears biennially, in odd years. Indiana. State library. Legislative manual... [Prepared] by authority of the . . . General Assembly. 1903— A good blue book. Concerned chiefly with matter of interest to the General Assembly, i.e., the state constitution, election returns, party platforms, sketches of legislators, and a directory of state and county officers. Planned to appear bien- nially, in odd years. Iowa. Secretary of state. Iowa official register. . . 1886— A very comprehensive blue book. Inclucjes a report of proceedings of the Executive Council. Appears biennially, in odd years. BLUE BOOKS 81 Kansas. Secretary of state. . .Biennial report. . . Practically a bine book. Contains lists of state and county oflacials, election and population figures, and the state constitution. Appears biennially, in even years. Kentucky. State library. Kentucky directory, for the use of courts, state and county officials and the General Assembly of the state of Kentucky. By F. K. Kavanaugh. A good blue book, small and compact in form. Lacks only the descriptions of departments. Formerly known as Official manual. Louisiana. Secretary of state. Report ... to the governor . . . Some issues list the state departments and gives names of state and parish officers and election results. Appears biennially, in even years. No blue book published. Maine. Legislature. Maine register, state year book and legislative manual. 1870 — Satisfactory as a blue book except that it lacks description of state depart- ments. Contains much more local and non-political information than usually oc- curs in blue books, amounting almost to an official and business directory of the state. Appears annually. Title varies for different periods. Maryland. Secretary of state. Maryland manual... A compen- dium of legal, historical and statistical information relating to the state of Maryland. Published under Act of 1900, chapter 240... A fairly good blue book. Lacks legislative rules, but contains considerable historical matter, including the colonial charter. Appears annually. Massachusetts. General court. Manual for the use of the General Court, containing the rules of the two branches, together vrith the constitution of the commonwealth, and that of the United States, and a list of the executive, legislative and judicial de- partments of the state government, state institutions and their officers, and other statistical information. Prepared under sec- tion 10 of chapter 9 of the Revised Laws by [the clerks of the Senate and House.] 1879 — One of the best of those blue books which are designed mainly for the use of legislatures. Omits biographical sketches and descriptions of departments. In- cludes a section giving date and circumstances of founding of all Massachusetts towns. Appears annually. Michigan. Secretary of state. Michigan official directory and leg- islative manual . . . A very thoroughly made blue book. Includes all the usual material, and sev- eral maps of railroads and of congressional, assembly and judicial districts. Ap- pears biennially, in odd years. 32 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES Minnesota. Secretary of state. Legislative manual of the state of Minnesota. Compiled for the Legislature . . . A good blue book, embracing all the usual features and mucli descriptive mat- ter. Appears biennially, in odd years. Mississippi. Archives and history department. Official and statisti- cal register of the state of Mississippi . . . A carefully prepared blue book. Lacks the constitution, and the rules of the legislative houses, but has useful descriptive and historical sections. Appears every fourth year, i.e., 1908, 1912, etc. Missouri. Secretary of state. Official manual of the state of Mis- souri. . . A good blue book, but lacks the Senate and House rules and the state consti- tution. Appears biennially, in odd years. Montana. Bureau of agriculture, labor and industry. [Biennial] report. Includes a few pages devoted to election returns and a roster of federal, state and county officials. Appears in odd years. Montana publishes no blue book. Nebraska. Legislative reference bureau. Nebraska blue book. Pirst issue will appear in 1915. A work of this nature was published by the' Nebraska State Journal Company in 1902, and legislative manuals have been pre- pared from time to time, but no blue book has ever before been issued by the state. Nebraska. Secretary of state. Biennial report. . .to the Governor. Contains list of state ofiScers, but none of the other usual blue book material. Period ends Nov. 30 of even year. Nevada. Secretary of state. Biennial report of the Secretary of State, Clerk of Supreme Court, and State Librarian. . . 1897 — Not a blue book. Contains, however, lists of federal, state and county officers and of notaries public, a historical roster of state officials, tables of votes cast, and rules of the legislative houses. Period ends Dec. 31 of even year. New Hampshire. General court. Manual for the General Court. . . Prepared and published under section 14, chapter 15 of the Pub- lic Statutes. A fairly satisfactory blue book. Gives a large amount of space to election returns and party matter. Lacks description of departments. Appears bien- nially, in odd years. New Jersey. Legislature. Manual of the legislature ... By author- ity of the legislature . . . A very compact and comprehensive blue book. Compiled and published by the Legislative Eeporter. Appears annually. New Mexico. Secretary of state. New Mexico blue book, or state official register. A fairly good blue book. Devotes much space to election returns, but con- tains the constitution, a roster of state and county ofacers, a list of notaries public, and some descriptive sections. Appears biennially, in odd years. BLUE BOOKS 33 New York. Secretary of state. Manual for the use of the Legisla- ture of the state of New York. . .prepared pursuant to the pro- visions of chapter 23, Laws of 1909 . . . 1840— One of the best examples of a blue book restricted to official and political mat- ters. Especially valuable for concise notes defining duties of state officers. Con- tains full population statistics, and a list of post-offices and post-masters. Does not include Assembly rules, these being put into the Clerk' n mamial. Appears annually. North Carolina. Historical commission. Manual of North Caro- lina. . .for the use of the members of the General Assembly. . . Appears in two forms, a paper edition containing the constitution, House and Senate rules, lists of officers, and a description of state boards, offices, and insti- tutions; and a cloth edition, which contains in addition to this a great bulk of his- torical matter. Issued biennially, in odd years. North Dakota. Secretary of state. Legislative manual, containing the constitution of North Dakota, the constitution of the United States, also rules and standing committees of the Legislative As- sembly, and historical statistics and political information . . . Contains the usual blue book material and adds some sections of general inter- est. On cover North Dakota blue book. Not very carefully prepared. Appears biennially, in odd years. Ohio. General assembly. Legislative manual of the state of Ohio . . . Compiled and published under authority of a joint resolution of the General Assembly. . . Prepared and edited in the office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. A blue book of fairly broad scope. Contains legislative rules and biographical sketches, roster of state officers, the state constitution, and some general descriptive matter. Oklahoma. Secretary of state . . . Oklahoma red book . . . Com- piled. . .under the supervision of . . . [the] State Printer and. . . [the] Secretary of State. 1912— Only one edition has appeared, namely that of 1912. Volume 2 consists of the material usually put into blue books, omitting the constitution. Volume 1 contains the constitution and all other documents connected with the history and develop- ment of Oklahoma. Very satisfactory. Oregon. Secretary of state. Blue book and official directory. 1900 — Small, but contains all the usual blue book material with the exception of biographical sketches and legislative rules. Appears biennially, in odd years. Pennsylvania. General assembly. SmuU's legislative hand-book and manual of the state of Pennsylvania. . . [Compiled by the Senate Librarian and the Secretary of the Senate.] 1891 — Probably the most complete and most orderly in arrangement of all blue books. Appears annually. 34 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES Rhode Island. Secretaiy of state. Manual, with rules and orders for the use of the General Assembly of the state of Rhode Island . . . Prepared in accordance with the provisions of sec- tion 11, chapter 28, of the General Laws and amendment thereto. 1868— A good blue book. Lacks description of state officers and list of county of- ficers. Appears annually. South Carolina. Secretary of state. [Annual] report to the General Assembly. . . Contains short section giving lists of state, county and township officers. South Carolina prints no blue book. South Dakota. Public printing bureau. South Dakota legislative manual . . . A comprehensive blue book, including all the usual matter except names of county officers and description of state offices. Tennessee. Secretary of state. Tennessee pocket manual. Not a blue book proper, none being published by Tennessee. Contains elec tion and population statistics, and lists of state officers. Appears irregularly. Texas. Legislature. Texas legislative manual . . . containing rules of the Senate and House, and joint rules, standing committees of the Senate and House, citations of precedents of House, list of Senators and Representatives, officers of the Senate and House. . also the constitution of the State of Texas, and of the United States. This and the report of the Secretary of State mentioned below take the place of a blue book in Texas. Texas. Secretary of state. Supplemental biennial report . . . Consists of roster of state officers, table of election returns, and lists of county officers. Appears in even years. Utah. Immigration, labor and statistics bureau. [Biennial] report. . Includes among statistical matter census and election returns and lists of state, county and municipal officers. Has also abstracts of department reports. Appears in odd years. No blue book published. -Vermont. Secretary of state. Vermont legislative directory... Prepared pursuant to law ..1867 — A well edited blue book, lacking only lists of county officers and description of state offices. Appears biennially, in even years. Virginia. General assembly. Manual [of] the Senate and House of Delegates. . . Consists of constitution, lists of state officers, and rules of legislative houses. No blue book proper published. JOURNALS AND MINOR LEGISLATIVE PXTBLICATIONS 35 Virginia. Secretary of the commonwealth. Annual report to the Governor and General Assembly . . . Supplements the Manual mentioned above, giving lists of county and city officers and more complete lists of state officers. Washington. Secretary of state Biennial report. . . Includes election returns and lists of notaries public and of state and county officers. Appears in even year. No blue book published. West Virginia. Attorney general. . .Biennial report and official opin- ions of the Attorney-general of the State of West Virginia. . . Contains in an appendix a table of votes and a roster of state, county and district officials. Biennial period ends September 30 of even year. No blue book IS published regularly, altho a Manual appeared in 1904 and again in 1907-08. Historical information such as frequently is put into blue books appears in West Virginia. Archives and History Department. Biennial report, 1907-08, appendix, pp., 93-327. ' ^^ Wisconsin. Industrial commission. Wisconsin blue book . . . A good blue book. Lacks legislative rules and descriptions of departments. Appears biennially, in odd years. Wyoming. Secretary of state. Legislative manual and official direc- tory of the state of Wyoming . . . Pamphlet of pocket size. Consists of lists of federal, state and county officers and tables of election returns. Appears biennially. No blue book published. 3. Journals Each branch of the legislature keeps a daily record of its proceed- ings. At the close of a session this material is gathered in a printed volume, and represents the session's work of the house in which it originates. Such a volume, or journal, usually contains beside the min- utes the roster of officers and members of the house, the roll-call on votes, the messages of the governor, the messages of the houses to each other, reports of committees, a summary of action on individual bills, and an index. 4. Minor and special matter In the life of a legislature there appear many publications of an ephemeral or irregular nature, including much matter that eventually finds it way into the journal. Records of the daily proceedings are in some states distributed at intervals in advance sheet form. In many instances there is prepared from time to time a synopsis or calendar, announcing committee assignments and showing the progress of bills. Bills are often sent to press upon their various readings, and in some states are issued in slip form if they reach passage.* Reports of *Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Indiana, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Virginia. 36 STATE DOCUMENTS FOE LIBRARIES committees are sometimes put into pamphlet shape and sent out as separates. These embrace not only the conclusions of the regular standing committees of the houses, but the findings of such special, select or joint committees as may be assigned to investigation of par- ticular subjects. Publications of these special bodies are likely to be exhaustive and of general interest. Examples are the following : New Yoke. Legislature. Joint coTwmittee on the conservation of water. KepOTt, 1913. 17 pp. New Yoke. Legislature. Joint committee .. .to investigate primary and, election laws. Eeport, 1910. 226 pp. Pennsylvania. General assembly. Select committee on investigation of the system of labor in cotton and other factories. Eeport, 1837 (?) 90 pp. Pennsylvania. General assembly. Joint committee. . .to consider. . .a re- vision of the corporation and revenue laws of the commonwealth. Proposed ' ' act to provide for the incorporation, regulation and dissolution of certain business corporations." 1912 (?) 168 pp. V. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT Eeference has been made to the meagerness of administrative func- tions residing in state executive departments. It is characteristic of these departments also that they consist not of a chief executive and a cabinet but of a group of popularly elected colleagues among whom the governor has primacy. a. Governor Being the executive head, the governor has as his chief duties the enforcement of law, the appointment of certain officers, the direction of the military and naval forces, the holding of ex-ofScio positions on a varying number of boards and commissions, and the sending of rec- ommendations to the legislature. Publications The literature coming from this office consists of addresses, procla- mations and messages. Often it appears separately, and again parts of it may be included in the journals of the legislative houses. In a few states the output of the governor's office over a long period has been compiled as a separate work. Examples are the Messages from the governors [of New York] , which is an eleven volume set covering the years 1683-1906, and the Messages and proclamations of the gov- ernors of Iowa, which gathers in seven volumes material for the period of statehood as far down as 1902. The Illinois State Historical Library has compiled and published the Governor's letter books for the years EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT AND PUBLICATIONS 37 1818-34 and 1840-53. Indexes of governors' messages have been pre- pared in New York and Indiana. Governors ' messages are of partic- ular interest since they ordinarily embrace a survey of conditions in the state, a resume of the v^ork of the various departments, and a forecast of the direction that legislation is likely to take. In some states certain inessages of governors are found printed in foreign languages as well as in English. Early messages in Wisconsin, for example, appeared in German, French, Norwegian, Dutch, Bohemian and Welsh. Illinois governors ' messages have been published in Ger- man, Norwegian and Swedish. b. Lieutenant-governor The lieutenant-governor has ordinarily no other function than that of presiding over the upper house, consequently no publica- tions come from his office. c. Secretary of state The secretary's duties include ex-officio service on various boards, the keeping of the state archives, the preserving of bills in the origi- nal, the issuing of licenses and papers of incorporation, the receiving and filing of election returns and the care of state property at the cap- ital. In some cases also he is the state librarian. PuTjlications Reports. The various executive heads, including the secretary of state, report annually or biennially to the governor. The secre- tary's report is likely to be brief and without special interest except as it includes lists of persons and firms to which licenses and papers of incorporation have been granted. Minor and special matter. Some secretaries of state publish spe- cial lists of state officers, compilations of election and other laws, separate editions of house and senate rules, statistics of election re- turns and similar current material. A very valuable item sometimes occurring in this group is a list of documents published by the state and available for distribution. (See p. 112 and if.) Blue books. These are sometimes issued by the secretary of state, but often by other agencies. As it seems best to classify them as legislative publications they are described on page ^ and fol- lowing. 38 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES d. Treasurer The state treasurer is the custodian of revenue. He receives and disburses moneys upon order and keeps record of this trusteeship. Service upon various boards is among his duties. In Massachusetts he has the title of "treasurer and receiver-general." Publications Reports. The reports sent to the governor by the treasurer are devoted to statements showing receipts, disbursements and the gen- eral financial condition of the commonwealth. e. Auditor The auditor keeps the accounts of the state, draws on the treas- urer for all payments ordered by the legislature, and usually exer- cises general oversight of all state services which involve finance. He may supervise state funds and investments, levy and collect cer- tain taxes, oversee the financial affairs of counties and cities, and serve ex-officio on certain administrative boards. In some states he is known as the "comptroller," e.g., in New York and California. PuTjlications Reports. Auditors' reports consist of more or less detailed state- ments of the financial transactions in which the various state depart- ments are concerned. They may contain in addition tables showing the amount of assessed property in the state; the resources and liabil- ities of state banks, registration of bonds, claims against the state, and other financial statistics which are of public interest. f. Attorney-general The attorney-general acts as legal counsel for the state officers, represents the state in legal actions, and holds ex-officio positions on various boards. Publications Reports. A transcript of opinions rendered is published an- nually or biennially. The volume frequently contains, in addition to official opinions, schedules of cases and a record of office work. There may be included also a section showing the personnel of the department and a list of the incumbents of the higher positions in ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT AND PUBLICATIONS 39 it since its organization. Historical rosters such as this are likely to appear not only here but in the publications of many state depart- ments. g. Other executive offices To all intents and purposes the offices named above may be con- sidered as constituting the executive branch. Vai-iations are fairly common, how^ever, due to the lingering of certain administrative functions in this department. For example, Illinois adds a Superin- tendent of Public Instruction, and Pennsylvania a Superintendent of Public Instruction and a Secretary of Internal Affairs. North Dakota includes a Superintendent of Public Instruction, a Commis- sioner of Insurance, a Commissioner of Agriculture and Labor, and three Commissioners of Railroads. In New York, on the other hand, the constitution limits the executive arm to the Governor and Lieu- tenant-governor, and then provides for the election of five other of- ficers in such manner as virtually to give them executive footing. A few states retain an executive council as a survival of colonial days. This varies in form from a mere advisory body to one in which are vested active executive powers. Whatever offices beyond those regularly located there appear in the executive department are likely to issue reports similar to those described above. For data concerning the offices in a particular state reference should be made to the blue book issued by that state ; or to the statutes and sections of the constitution bearing upon the offices in question. VI. ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT The agencies classed as administrative have for the most part been created one at a time by legislative act. Each is designed for a distinct service and there is no scheme of organization linking them. It is in this department that the lack of uniformity in state organi- zation is most conspicuous. There is frequent overlapping of func- tions, certain common state duties are sometimes left to the cities or omitted entirely, and finally there is great variety in the arrange- ment of the boards which do exist. For example, in Michigan and again in Wisconsin there is a Geological and Natural History Survey under one head, while in Iowa this work is divided between a Geo- logical Board and the Laboratory of Natural History at the State University. In Kentucky agriculture, forestry and immigration are grouped under a single auspices; in Hawaii there is a Board of Com- 40 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES missioners of Agriculture and Foresty, and a distinct board to handle problems of immigration; in Minnesota there is a separate division for each of these subjects. Nevada gathers in one bureau three serv- ices which elsewhere are often distributed, namely, the work relating to industry, agriculture and irrigation. The section of the state government scheme which follows is largely hypothetical. It is neither a representation of what exists in any state nor an effort to suggest a frame of government. It is simply a convenient classification by which to group descriptions of state documents. As nomenclature varies throughout the country it will be necessary often to translate the terms here used into those employed in a particular state. For instance, the words administra- tion and control are often used without distinction as applied to boards which oversee institutions. Again arbitration, conciliation and media- tion are all employed by commissions instructed to aid in settling labor disputes. There is mentioned in the list a class of semi-official bodies which are not a part of the state organization, but which may have affiliation with it. Usually they are incorporated by legislative act. Often they receive an appropriation, and submit their transactions as reports to some executive or administrative department. Examples are the Ohio Humane Society and the Oklahoma Historical Society. Their relation to the state governments is somewhat analagous to that which the American Historical Association bears to the federal government through the Smithsonian Institution. In view of the lack of uniformity in state organization it is inter- esting to note that some moves have been made toward systematic grouping of services. For example, Pennsylvania consolidates in a Department of Internal Affairs her Land Office Bureau, Bureau of Assessments and Taxes, Bureau of Industrial Statistics, Bureau of Railways, and Bureau of Standards. Illinois has put many of her welfare and correctional agencies under the direction of a single Board of Administration. In addition to the agencies listed others may appear from time to time. New services are constantly being recognized. Special commis- sions are frequently created to meet new or peculiar need. Semi-officia] organizations without number may ally themselves with the state gov- ernments. Associations of state officials are multiplying as the neces- sity grows for national co-operation in matters of common interest. UNIVERSITY AND EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS 41 Certain publishing offices in the following scheme are listed with- out discussion of their functions or specific mention of their publica- tions. Some of these are not sufficiently important to require separate treatment. The remainder are adequately defined by their names, by their relations to their respective groups, or by analogy with other offices whose functions and publications are fully described. Group A. Agencies of education, experiment, research and record 1. Universities and Colleges In some states the higher educational agencies are grouped in a single institution at one point. In others they are scattered, the tech- nical or industrial branches existing in separate schools with distinct organization. In still other instances two or more colleges doing the same work are aided by the state. FabUcatlons Catalogs. College and university catalogs contain programs and descriptions of courses, lists of students and faculties, and such other information as is of interest to prospective attendants. Fre- quently they are supplemented by pamphlet announcements relat- ing to particular departments. Bulletins and circulars. State universities and affiliated bodies are continually publishing the results of studies made by faculties, students, experiment stations and surveys. These vary in value ac- cording to subject and treatment. Usually they are issued in a series which includes the catalog and similar announcements. The arrange- ment and nomenclature differ in the several states. Special publications. A few university publications are likely to occur singly. The most common and useful are histories and director- ies — these last aiming to present the names and records of all students enrolled at the university from its beginning. 2. Experiment stations a,. Agricultural expeiiment station Among the publishing offices of the federal government those of the Department of Agriculture take high rank. Associated with them and contributing to their usefulness are the experiment stations in the vari- ous states. These are i supported partly by congressional appropriation. 42 STATE DOCUMENTS FOR LIBRARIES but are administered by the states. Their function is to study the economic and scientific problems relating to farming, and by means of the knowledge thus acquired to further industry. Fu1>Ucatlons Reports. An account of the work of an experiment station is published annually in report form. Articles on various farm prob- lems are sometimes printed as part of this annual report. Usually, however, most of the matter which is of general interest to agricul- turalists is put into the form of bulletins and circulars. Bulletins and circulars. Except that they may differ in period- city and that bulletins are likely to be lengthier and more exhaustive than circulars it is difficult to distinguish these series from each other. They contain substantially the same kind of matter, dealing with such subjects as cattle breeding, cheese production, farm man- agement, forest planting, insect extermination, bee culture, and soil fertility. Naturally they are of special value in the great agricul- tural states. Many libraries require experiment station literature from other states as well as from their own. Condensed accounts of the work done at the various stations appear in the serials known as Experiment station record and Experiment station work, published by the United States Experiment Stations Office. b. Engineering experiment station c. Entomological experiment station d. Mining experiment station Such bureaus as those last mentioned do in their own fields work analogous to that of the agricultural experiment stations. Accounts of their operations and findings usually appear in reports, bulletins, or circulars, or in all of these series. 3. Surveys and research offices Many of the states carry on among their regular activities certain investigations which are of great importance to science. Sometimes this work is done by distinct offices, but quite as frequently by bureaus affiliated with the state institutions of higher learning or by private associations which receive state aid. The agencies which commonly SURVEY AND RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS 43 exist may be classified as follows ; a. Biological suivey I). Economic survey c. Geological survey d. Kistoiical suivey e. Hygienic survey f. Soil suivey g. Water suivey FuMlcations The records of the surveys take the form of reports, monographs, surveys, bulletins and circulars. As a rule they are genuine contribu- tions to knowledge, for they represent thorough work which is not duplicated elsewhere. Usually they are carefully edited and in many cases they are splendidly illustrated. Good examples are the following : Illinois. Water survey. Chemical and biological survey of the waters of Illinois. Annual report of the department. Contains illustrations, statistical tables, and ar- ticles upon methods of analysis, purification and drainage. Indiana. Geology and natural resources department. An illustrated descriptive catalog of the coleoptera or beetles known to occur in In- diana, with bibliography and descriptions of new species. 1385 pp., O. Bulletin No. 1, 1910. Maryland historical society. Archives of Maryland. 32v. to date. Q. A reprint of colonial records. Altho not technically a state department the Mary- land Historical Society receives aid from the state and may therefore be classed with the surveys. Nebraska. University. Studies from the zoological laboratory. Occasional bulletins based on the research worlc of the laboratory. New Jersey. Geological survey. Eeport on the cretaceous paleontology of New Jersey. 871 pp., Q. ' 'A complete summary of the forms of life which existed in the seas where these